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Context: As a protector and founder, Apollo had the epithets Alexicacus (/əˌlɛksᵻˈkeɪkəs/ ə-LEK-si-KAY-kəs; Ἀλεξίκακος, Alexikakos, literally "warding off evil"), Apotropaeus (/əˌpɒtrəˈpiːəs/ ə-POT-rə-PEE-əs; Ἀποτρόπαιος, Apotropaios, from ἀποτρέπειν, "to avert"), and Epicurius (/ˌɛpᵻˈkjʊriəs/ EP-i-KEWR-ee-əs; Ἐπικούριος, Epikourios, from ἐπικουρέειν, "to aid"), and Archegetes (/ɑːrˈkɛdʒətiːz/ ar-KEJ-ə-teez; Ἀρχηγέτης, Arkhēgetēs, literally "founder"), Clarius (/ˈklæriəs/ KLARR-ee-əs; Κλάριος, Klārios, from Doric κλάρος, "allotted lot"), and Genetor (/ˈdʒɛnᵻtər/ JEN-i-tər; Γενέτωρ, Genetōr, literally "ancestor"). To the Romans, he was known in this capacity as Averruncus (/ˌævəˈrʌŋkəs/ AV-ər-RUNG-kəs; from Latin āverruncare, "to avert"). He was also called Agyieus (/əˈdʒaɪ.ᵻjuːs/ ə-GWEE-ews; Ἀγυιεύς, Aguīeus, from ἄγυια, "street") for his role in protecting roads and homes; and Nomius (/ˈnoʊmiəs/ NOH-mee-əs; Νόμιος, Nomios, literally "pastoral") and Nymphegetes (/nɪmˈfɛdʒᵻtiːz/ nim-FEJ-i-teez; Νυμφηγέτης, Numphēgetēs, from Νύμφη, "Nymph", and ἡγέτης, "leader") for his role as a protector of shepherds and pastoral life. Question: What word literally means "warding off evil?" Answer: Alexicacus Question: What world literally means "founder?" Answer: Archegetes Question: What word literally mens "ancestor?" Answer: Genetor Question: What word means "to avert?" Answer: Agyieus
Context: With the other special characters and control codes filled in, ASCII was published as ASA X3.4-1963, leaving 28 code positions without any assigned meaning, reserved for future standardization, and one unassigned control code.:66, 245 There was some debate at the time whether there should be more control characters rather than the lowercase alphabet.:435 The indecision did not last long: during May 1963 the CCITT Working Party on the New Telegraph Alphabet proposed to assign lowercase characters to columns 6 and 7, and International Organization for Standardization TC 97 SC 2 voted during October to incorporate the change into its draft standard. The X3.2.4 task group voted its approval for the change to ASCII at its May 1963 meeting. Locating the lowercase letters in columns 6 and 7 caused the characters to differ in bit pattern from the upper case by a single bit, which simplified case-insensitive character matching and the construction of keyboards and printers. Question: What was ASCII published as and when? Answer: ASA X3.4-1963 Question: How many code positions were left unassigned for furture standardization? Answer: 28 code positions Question: When was the change to ASCII made official? Answer: May 1963 Question: The lower case letters caused a differ in the patter, what did this cause? Answer: simplified case-insensitive character matching and the construction of keyboards and printers Question: How many code positions were left lowercase for future standardization? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was the change to ASCII rejected? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The lower case letters caused a differ in the pattern, how did this change the vote? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who proposed to assign code positions without any meaning? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What task group voted its approval for the standardization of ASCII stock prices? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The area receives about 820 millimetres (32.3 in) of annual rainfall, which is concentrated from June through September/October with little or no precipitation the remainder of the year. The area has two main seasons. The rainy season runs from June to October when winds bring in tropical moisture from the sea. The dry season runs from November to May, when the air is relatively drier. This dry season subdivides into a cold period and a warm period. The cold period spans from November to February when polar air masses push down from the north and keep the air fairly dry. The warm period extends from March to May when tropical winds again dominate but do not yet carry enough moisture for rain. Question: How much rain falls on Mexico City? Answer: 820 millimetres (32.3 in) Question: When is it warm, yet does not rain? Answer: March to May Question: When does the majority of the rain fall in Mexico City? Answer: June to October Question: When is it coldest in Mexico City? Answer: November to February Question: What mostly controls the rain in Mexico City? Answer: tropical winds
Context: Satyagraha, an opera by Philip Glass, uses texts from the Bhagavad Gita, sung in Sanskrit. The closing credits of The Matrix Revolutions has a prayer from the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad. The song "Cyber-raga" from Madonna's album Music includes Sanskrit chants, and Shanti/Ashtangi from her 1998 album Ray of Light, which won a Grammy, is the ashtanga vinyasa yoga chant. The lyrics include the mantra Om shanti. Composer John Williams featured choirs singing in Sanskrit for Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom and in Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace. The theme song of Battlestar Galactica 2004 is the Gayatri Mantra, taken from the Rigveda. The lyrics of "The Child In Us" by Enigma also contains Sanskrit verses.[better source needed]. Question: Who wrote an opera in Sanskrit? Answer: Philip Glass Question: On what was the Philip Glass opera based? Answer: Bhagavad Gita Question: Which well known performer has used Sanskrit chants in her music? Answer: Madonna Question: Which composer featured Sanskrit music in his movies? Answer: John Williams Question: What is the source of the theme song of Battlestar Galactica? Answer: Rigveda Question: What is the opera created by Steven Glass that uses Sanskrit? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who wrote the Bhagavad Gita? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What modern singer sang chants from Satyagraha? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where did the Gayatri Mantra taken from Rigveda come from? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What song sung by Enigma is a vinyasa yoga chant? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Alloys of primarily zinc with small amounts of copper, aluminium, and magnesium are useful in die casting as well as spin casting, especially in the automotive, electrical, and hardware industries. These alloys are marketed under the name Zamak. An example of this is zinc aluminium. The low melting point together with the low viscosity of the alloy makes the production of small and intricate shapes possible. The low working temperature leads to rapid cooling of the cast products and therefore fast assembly is possible. Another alloy, marketed under the brand name Prestal, contains 78% zinc and 22% aluminium and is reported to be nearly as strong as steel but as malleable as plastic. This superplasticity of the alloy allows it to be molded using die casts made of ceramics and cement. Question: Aside from die casting, what are alloys of zinc mixed with copper, aluminium and magnesium used for? Answer: spin casting Question: Alloys of zinc mixed with copper, aluminium and magnesium are marketed as what? Answer: Zamak Question: What is possible to produce thanks to the low melting point and low viscosity of zinc aluminium alloy? Answer: small and intricate shapes Question: What brand name of alloy is supposed to be as strong as steel while still being malleable as plastic? Answer: Prestal Question: What is used to mold Prestal? Answer: die casts made of ceramics and cement. Question: What are alloys of zinc mixed with copper, aluminium and plastic used for? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is possible to produce thanks to the high melting point and high viscosity of zinc aluminium alloy? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is used to remove Prestal? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are alloys of zinc mixed with steel and copper marketed as? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What brand name of alloy is supposed to be as strong as silk while still being malleable as butter? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In process known as the Marian reforms, Roman consul Gaius Marius carried out a programme of reform of the Roman military. In 107 BC, all citizens, regardless of their wealth or social class, were made eligible for entry into the Roman army. This move formalised and concluded a gradual process that had been growing for centuries, of removing property requirements for military service. The distinction between the three heavy infantry classes, which had already become blurred, had collapsed into a single class of heavy legionary infantry. The heavy infantry legionaries were drawn from citizen stock, while non-citizens came to dominate the ranks of the light infantry. The army's higher-level officers and commanders were still drawn exclusively from the Roman aristocracy. Question: Who was now able to join military service in 107 BC? Answer: all citizens Question: Where would legionaries in the Roman army likely to be sourced from? Answer: citizen stock Question: Who would likely make up the majority of the Roman army's light infantry? Answer: non-citizens Question: Which consul was responsible for the reforms that allowed all citizens access to join the Roman army? Answer: Gaius Marius Question: What was the process that removed the property requirement for the Roman military called? Answer: Marian reforms
Context: The relational model also allowed the content of the database to evolve without constant rewriting of links and pointers. The relational part comes from entities referencing other entities in what is known as one-to-many relationship, like a traditional hierarchical model, and many-to-many relationship, like a navigational (network) model. Thus, a relational model can express both hierarchical and navigational models, as well as its native tabular model, allowing for pure or combined modeling in terms of these three models, as the application requires. Question: How was the relational model able to improve over time? Answer: without constant rewriting of links and pointers Question: What is the relationship called in a hierarchical model? Answer: one-to-many Question: What is the relationship called in a navigational model? Answer: many-to-many Question: What is a third type of model that can be combined with heirarchical and navigation models? Answer: tabular Question: How was the relational model able to degrade over time? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the only kind of relationship called? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the relationship that is avoided in a navigational model? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is a third type of model that can't be combined with hierarchical and navigation models? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The civilians of London had an enormous role to play in the protection of their city. Many civilians who were unwilling or unable to join the military became members of the Home Guard, the Air Raid Precautions service (ARP), the Auxiliary Fire Service, and many other organisations. The AFS had 138,000 personnel by July 1939. Only one year earlier, there had only been 6,600 full-time and 13,800 part-time firemen in the entire country. During the Blitz, The Scout Association guided fire engines to where they were most needed, and became known as the "Blitz Scouts". Many unemployed were drafted into the Royal Army Pay Corps. These personnel, along with others from the Pioneer Corps, were charged with the task of salvage and clean-up. Question: What is ARP? Answer: Air Raid Precautions Question: The Auxiliary Fire Service had how many members in July of 1939? Answer: 138,000 Question: Who was given the name Blitz Scouts? Answer: Scout Association Question: The Royal Army Pay Corps and what other group were in charge of salvage and clean-up? Answer: Pioneer Corps
Context: For decades, the U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English, to the extent of making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools. It was completely unsuccessful, and retreated from that policy in 1948. Puerto Rico was able to maintain its Spanish language, culture, and identity because the relatively small, densely populated island was already home to nearly a million people at the time of the U.S. takeover, all of those spoke Spanish, and the territory was never hit with a massive influx of millions of English speakers like the vast territory acquired from Mexico 50 years earlier. Question: Did America try to make Puerto Rico an English speaking territory? Answer: U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English Question: How did America try to make Puerto Rico's language English? Answer: making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools. Question: Was English in Puerto Rico successful? Answer: It was completely unsuccessful, Question: How did Puerto Rico stay a Spanish speaking territory? Answer: Puerto Rico was able to maintain its Spanish language, culture, and identity because the relatively small, densely populated island Question: Does Puerto Rico have many English speaking residents? Answer: the territory was never hit with a massive influx of millions of English speakers like the vast territory acquired from Mexico 50 years earlier. Question: How did Mexico try to make Puerto Rico's language English? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Was French in Peurto Rico successful? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How did Puerto Rico stay an English speaking territory? Answer: Unanswerable Question: For how long has the U.S. federal government tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt Spanish? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did the U.S. government retreat from the policy of making Puerto Ricans use Spanish? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: LaserDiscs were initially cheaper than videocassettes to manufacture, because they lacked the moving parts and plastic outer shell that are necessary for VHS tapes to work, and the duplication process was much simpler. A VHS cassette has at least 14 parts including the actual tape while LaserDisc has one part with five or six layers. A disc can be stamped out in a matter of seconds whereas duplicating videotape required a complex bulk tape duplication mechanism and was a time-consuming process. However, by the end of the 1980s, average disc-pressing prices were over $5.00 per two-sided disc, due to the large amount of plastic material and the costly glass-mastering process needed to make the metal stamper mechanisms. Due to the larger volume of demand, videocassettes quickly became much cheaper to duplicate, costing as little as $1.00 by the beginning of the 1990s. Question: Were Laserdiscs initially cheaper or more costly to produce than their VHS counterparts? Answer: cheaper Question: How many parts does a VHS tape have that must be manufactured? Answer: at least 14 Question: How much did LaserDiscs cost to produce by the end of the 1980s? Answer: $5.00 per two-sided disc Question: How much did VHS cost to produce by the 1990s? Answer: as little as $1.00
Context: A cardinal named in pectore is known only to the pope; not even the cardinal so named is necessarily aware of his elevation, and in any event cannot function as a cardinal while his appointment is in pectore. Today, cardinals are named in pectore to protect them or their congregations from reprisals if their identities were known. Question: Which cardinal is known by all the Catholic Church? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does the cardinal named pectore know? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What can a cardinal in pectore continue to function as? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is done to cardinals that does not protect them or their congregations? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Iran has an area of 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi). Iran lies between latitudes 24° and 40° N, and longitudes 44° and 64° E. Its borders are with Azerbaijan (611 km or 380 mi, with Azerbaijan-Naxcivan exclave, 179 km or 111 mi) and Armenia (35 km or 22 mi) to the north-west; the Caspian Sea to the north; Turkmenistan (992 km or 616 mi) to the north-east; Pakistan (909 km or 565 mi) and Afghanistan (936 km or 582 mi) to the east; Turkey (499 km or 310 mi) and Iraq (1,458 km or 906 mi) to the west; and finally the waters of the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman to the south. Question: What is the size of Iran? Answer: 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi) Question: What latitudes does Iran lie between? Answer: 24° and 40° N Question: What longitudes does Iran lie between? Answer: 44° and 64° E Question: Where does Iran border the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman? Answer: to the south Question: What does Iran border with to its north? Answer: the Caspian Sea
Context: In 1991, US President George H. W. Bush awarded Hayek the Presidential Medal of Freedom, one of the two highest civilian awards in the United States, for a "lifetime of looking beyond the horizon". Hayek died on 23 March 1992 in Freiburg, Germany, and was buried on 4 April in the Neustift am Walde cemetery in the northern outskirts of Vienna according to the Catholic rite. In 2011, his article The Use of Knowledge in Society was selected as one of the top 20 articles published in the American Economic Review during its first 100 years. Question: What was the reason given for Hayek's 1991 award from the President? Answer: a "lifetime of looking beyond the horizon" Question: Which President presented the award to Hayek? Answer: George H. W. Bush Question: Where was Hayek when he died? Answer: Freiburg, Germany Question: Where was Hayek buried in relation to his home town of Vienna? Answer: northern outskirts Question: Where was The Use of Knowledge in Society published? Answer: American Economic Review
Context: Criminal justice agencies in England and Wales use at least two separate racial/ethnic classification systems when reporting crime, as of 2010. One is the system used in the 2001 Census when individuals identify themselves as belonging to a particular ethnic group: W1 (White-British), W2 (White-Irish), W9 (Any other white background); M1 (White and black Caribbean), M2 (White and black African), M3 (White and Asian), M9 (Any other mixed background); A1 (Asian-Indian), A2 (Asian-Pakistani), A3 (Asian-Bangladeshi), A9 (Any other Asian background); B1 (Black Caribbean), B2 (Black African), B3 (Any other black background); O1 (Chinese), O9 (Any other). The other is categories used by the police when they visually identify someone as belonging to an ethnic group, e.g. at the time of a stop and search or an arrest: White – North European (IC1), White – South European (IC2), Black (IC3), Asian (IC4), Chinese, Japanese, or South East Asian (IC5), Middle Eastern (IC6), and Unknown (IC0). "IC" stands for "Identification Code;" these items are also referred to as Phoenix classifications. Officers are instructed to "record the response that has been given" even if the person gives an answer which may be incorrect; their own perception of the person's ethnic background is recorded separately. Comparability of the information being recorded by officers was brought into question by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) in September 2007, as part of its Equality Data Review; one problem cited was the number of reports that contained an ethnicity of "Not Stated." Question: How many separate classification systems do agencies in England and Wales use? Answer: at least two Question: When did individuals self-identify as belonging to a particular ethnic group? Answer: the 2001 Census Question: How do police identify someone as belonging to an ethnic group? Answer: visually Question: What does IC stand for? Answer: Identification Code Question: What ethnicity term was one problem cited about the number of reports containing it? Answer: Not Stated
Context: Underlying the process is muscle movement throughout the system through swallowing and peristalsis. Each step in digestion requires energy, and thus imposes an "overhead charge" on the energy made available from absorbed substances. Differences in that overhead cost are important influences on lifestyle, behavior, and even physical structures. Examples may be seen in humans, who differ considerably from other hominids (lack of hair, smaller jaws and musculature, different dentition, length of intestines, cooking, etc.). Question: What muscle movements are used for digestion? Answer: swallowing and peristalsis Question: What does every stpe of digestion require? Answer: energy Question: What does needing energy to digest impose? Answer: an "overhead charge" Question: Over head charges influence what? Answer: lifestyle, behavior, and even physical structures
Context: In 1922, John Jacob Astor, son of the 1st Viscount Astor, bought The Times from the Northcliffe estate. The paper gained a measure of notoriety in the 1930s with its advocacy of German appeasement; then-editor Geoffrey Dawson was closely allied with those in the government who practised appeasement, most notably Neville Chamberlain. Question: In 1922, who bought The Times? Answer: John Jacob Astor Question: In 1922, which estate sold The Times? Answer: Northcliffe estate Question: The Times gained much notoriety in the 1930s because of its advocacy of what? Answer: German appeasement Question: Which The Times editor was closely allied with the government who practised German appeasement? Answer: Geoffrey Dawson Question: Which notable government official did The Times ally with in the 1930s whom practised German appeasement? Answer: Neville Chamberlain
Context: Widespread drought in North China, combined with the imperialist designs of European powers and the instability of the Qing government, created conditions that led to the emergence of the Righteous and Harmonious Fists, or "Boxers." In 1900, local groups of Boxers proclaiming support for the Qing dynasty murdered foreign missionaries and large numbers of Chinese Christians, then converged on Beijing to besiege the Foreign Legation Quarter. A coalition of European, Japanese, and Russian armies (the Eight-Nation Alliance) then entered China without diplomatic notice, much less permission. Cixi declared war on all of these nations, only to lose control of Beijing after a short, but hard-fought campaign. She fled to Xi'an. The victorious allies drew up scores of demands on the Qing government, including compensation for their expenses in invading China and execution of complicit officials. Question: Where was there a drought? Answer: North China Question: What was another name for the Boxers? Answer: Righteous and Harmonious Fists Question: When did the Boxers begin to kill missionaries and Chinese Christians? Answer: 1900 Question: Who invaded China? Answer: A coalition of European, Japanese, and Russian armies Question: Where did Cixi go after Beijing fell to the 8 armies? Answer: Xi'an
Context: Red clothing was a sign of status and wealth. It was worn not only by cardinals and princes, but also by merchants, artisans and townpeople, particularly on holidays or special occasions. Red dye for the clothing of ordinary people was made from the roots of the rubia tinctorum, the madder plant. This color leaned toward brick-red, and faded easily in the sun or during washing. The wealthy and aristocrats wore scarlet clothing dyed with kermes, or carmine, made from the carminic acid in tiny female scale insects, which lived on the leaves of oak trees in Eastern Europe and around the Mediterranean. The insects were gathered, dried, crushed, and boiled with different ingredients in a long and complicated process, which produced a brilliant scarlet. Question: What status did the wearing of red in medieval times represent? Answer: wealth Question: On what occasion would townspeople wear red? Answer: holidays Question: What root was used for red clothing owned by commoners? Answer: rubia tinctorum Question: Outside of sun exposure in what circumstance did pigment made from rubia tinctorum fade? Answer: during washing Question: What was carmine made from? Answer: the carminic acid in tiny female scale insects Question: What trees are found only in the Mediterranean? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where in Europe are kermes only found? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What brick color is produced by kermes? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What causes kermes dye to fade easily? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: During April 2009, U.S. Federal Reserve vice-chair Janet Yellen discussed these paradoxes: "Once this massive credit crunch hit, it didn’t take long before we were in a recession. The recession, in turn, deepened the credit crunch as demand and employment fell, and credit losses of financial institutions surged. Indeed, we have been in the grips of precisely this adverse feedback loop for more than a year. A process of balance sheet deleveraging has spread to nearly every corner of the economy. Consumers are pulling back on purchases, especially on durable goods, to build their savings. Businesses are cancelling planned investments and laying off workers to preserve cash. And, financial institutions are shrinking assets to bolster capital and improve their chances of weathering the current storm. Once again, Minsky understood this dynamic. He spoke of the paradox of deleveraging, in which precautions that may be smart for individuals and firms—and indeed essential to return the economy to a normal state—nevertheless magnify the distress of the economy as a whole." Question: Who was the U.S. Federal Reserve vice-chair in April 2009? Answer: Janet Yellen Question: What happened soon after the massive credit crunch hit? Answer: we were in a recession Question: What deepened the credit crunch when demand and employment fell? Answer: recession Question: What was one of the actions businesses took to preserve cash? Answer: cancelling planned investments Question: What occurred in nearly every corner of the economy after the financial crisis of 2007? Answer: balance sheet deleveraging
Context: The aggressive policies of Lord Wellesley and the Marquis of Hastings led to the Company gaining control of all India (except for the Punjab and Sindh), and some part of the then kingdom of Nepal under the Sugauli Treaty. The Indian Princes had become vassals of the Company. But the expense of wars leading to the total control of India strained the Company's finances. The Company was forced to petition Parliament for assistance. This was the background to the Charter Act of 1813 which, among other things: Question: What Lord helped the EIC through his politics, take control over all of india? Answer: Lord Wellesley Question: While the EIc took over all of India there were, two exception the first being Punjab, what was the Second? Answer: Sindh Question: in the past the deals under the crown strained the finances of EIC now as they expained throughout India what was the biggest strain on their finances Answer: the expense of wars Question: what treaty allowed the Eic in to the then kingdom of nepal? Answer: Sugauli Treaty Question: EIC reached out to parliament for help with finances. this lead to which Act? Answer: Charter Act of 1813 Question: What Lord helped the EIC through his politics take control over all of America? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What year was the Charter Act rejected? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who had very relaxed policies? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who lost all control over India? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What events had the least amount of expenses? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In southern Europe, a Catholic coalition led by Philip II of Spain won a victory over the Ottoman fleet at the Battle of Lepanto (1571). It was a startling, if mostly symbolic, blow to the image of Ottoman invincibility, an image which the victory of the Knights of Malta against the Ottoman invaders in the 1565 Siege of Malta had recently set about eroding. The battle was far more damaging to the Ottoman navy in sapping experienced manpower than the loss of ships, which were rapidly replaced. The Ottoman navy recovered quickly, persuading Venice to sign a peace treaty in 1573, allowing the Ottomans to expand and consolidate their position in North Africa. Question: Which Spaniard led a battle in 1571? Answer: Philip II Question: What battle did the Spanish win in 1571? Answer: Battle of Lepanto Question: What siege occurred in 1565? Answer: Siege of Malta Question: In what year did Venice sign a peace treaty with the Ottomans? Answer: 1573 Question: After signing a peace treaty with Venice, in what region did the Ottoman empire expand? Answer: North Africa
Context: Rather than teach small parts of a large number of subjects, Whitehead advocated teaching a relatively few important concepts that the student could organically link to many different areas of knowledge, discovering their application in actual life. For Whitehead, education should be the exact opposite of the multidisciplinary, value-free school model – it should be transdisciplinary, and laden with values and general principles that provide students with a bedrock of wisdom and help them to make connections between areas of knowledge that are usually regarded as separate. Question: Whitehead's education style was to teach what? Answer: a relatively few important concepts Question: What should Whitehead's students organically link due to his teaching methods? Answer: different areas of knowledge, discovering their application in actual life. Question: Whitehead believed education should be the opposite of what? Answer: value-free school model Question: What did Whitehead believe regarding the variety of subjects in education? Answer: Whitehead advocated teaching a relatively few important concepts Question: How did Whitehead propose that students would expand their knowledge beyond the subjects taught in school? Answer: important concepts that the student could organically link to many different areas of knowledge, discovering their application in actual life Question: What was Whitehead's general opinion of what the school model should be? Answer: For Whitehead, education should be the exact opposite of the multidisciplinary, value-free school model Question: What was Whitehead's opinion on the inclusion of values and general principles in education? Answer: it should be transdisciplinary, and laden with values and general principles that provide students with a bedrock of wisdom Question: How did Whitehead reject that students would expand their knowledge beyond the subjects taught in school? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was Whitehead's opinion on the inclusion of values and general principles in noneducation? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did Whitehead believe regarding the lack of variety of subjects in education? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was Whitehead's general opinion of what the school model shouldn't be? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In April 2005, the Oklahoma City Skate Park at Wiley Post Park was renamed the Mat Hoffman Action Sports Park to recognize Mat Hoffman, an Oklahoma City area resident and businessman that was instrumental in the design of the skate park and is a 10-time BMX World Vert champion. In March 2009, the Mat Hoffman Action Sports Park was named by the National Geographic Society Travel Guide as one of the "Ten Best." Question: Which BMX Champion had a park named after them in Oklahoma City? Answer: Mat Hoffman Question: When was Mat Hoffman Action Sports Park considered one of the best by National Geographic Society? Answer: March 2009
Context: In 1822, the citizens of Boston voted to change the official name from "the Town of Boston" to "the City of Boston", and on March 4, 1822, the people of Boston accepted the charter incorporating the City. At the time Boston was chartered as a city, the population was about 46,226, while the area of the city was only 4.7 square miles (12 km2). Question: What was the City of Boston's name before it was the City of Boston? Answer: the Town of Boston Question: What year was the name changes to the City of Boston? Answer: 1822 Question: Boston was chartered as what in 1822? Answer: a city Question: What was the population of Boston in 1822? Answer: about 46,226 Question: How many square miles was the city in 1822? Answer: 4.7 square miles
Context: In 1989, Linda Ronstadt released Cry Like a Rainstorm, Howl Like the Wind, described by critics as "the first true Adult Contemporary album of the decade", featuring American soul singer Aaron Neville on several of the twelve tracks. The album was certified Triple Platinum in the United States alone and became a major success throughout the globe. The Grammy Award-winning singles, "Don't Know Much" and "All My Life", were both long-running #1 Adult Contemporary hits. Several additional singles from the disc made the AC Top 10 as well. The album won over many critics in the need to define AC, and appeared to change the tolerance and acceptance of AC music into mainstream day to day radio play. Question: What artist issued the album known as "the first true Adult Contemporary album of the decade"? Answer: Linda Ronstadt Question: In what year was the album Cry Like a Rainstorm, Howl Like the Wind released? Answer: 1989 Question: What male singer featured on several songs from Cry Like a Rainstorm, Howl Like the Wind? Answer: Aaron Neville Question: What certification did Cry Like a Rainstorm, Howl Like the Wind receive? Answer: Triple Platinum Question: Along with "Don't Know Much," what single won a Grammy? Answer: "All My Life"
Context: West's life took a different direction when his mother, Donda West, died of complications from cosmetic surgery involving abdominoplasty and breast reduction in November 2007. Months later, West and fiancée Alexis Phifer ended their engagement and their long-term intermittent relationship, which had begun in 2002. The events profoundly affected West, who set off for his 2008 Glow in the Dark Tour shortly thereafter. Purportedly because his emotions could not be conveyed through rapping, West decided to sing using the voice audio processor Auto-Tune, which would become a central part of his next effort. West had previously experimented with the technology on his debut album The College Dropout for the background vocals of "Jesus Walks" and "Never Let Me Down." Recorded mostly in Honolulu, Hawaii in three weeks, West announced his fourth album, 808s & Heartbreak, at the 2008 MTV Video Music Awards, where he performed its lead single, "Love Lockdown". Music audiences were taken aback by the uncharacteristic production style and the presence of Auto-Tune, which typified the pre-release response to the record. Question: Following the loss of his mother, who did Kanye end his long-term relationship with? Answer: Alexis Phifer Question: What vocal technology did Kanye pick up for his next set of artistic endeavors? Answer: Auto-Tune Question: In what year did Kanye West's mother pass away? Answer: 2007 Question: What was the name of Kanye's ex-fiance? Answer: Alexis Phifer Question: What was the name of Kanye's 2008 music tour? Answer: Glow in the Dark Tour Question: In what state did Kanye West record them majority of his fourth album? Answer: Hawaii Question: What was the first song released off of Kanye's fourth album? Answer: "Love Lockdown"
Context: The first real progress toward a modern understanding of nervous function, though, came from the investigations of Luigi Galvani, who discovered that a shock of static electricity applied to an exposed nerve of a dead frog could cause its leg to contract. Since that time, each major advance in understanding has followed more or less directly from the development of a new technique of investigation. Until the early years of the 20th century, the most important advances were derived from new methods for staining cells. Particularly critical was the invention of the Golgi stain, which (when correctly used) stains only a small fraction of neurons, but stains them in their entirety, including cell body, dendrites, and axon. Without such a stain, brain tissue under a microscope appears as an impenetrable tangle of protoplasmic fibers, in which it is impossible to determine any structure. In the hands of Camillo Golgi, and especially of the Spanish neuroanatomist Santiago Ramón y Cajal, the new stain revealed hundreds of distinct types of neurons, each with its own unique dendritic structure and pattern of connectivity. Question: Who found out that a shock of electricity to an exposed nerve of a dead frog caused contractions? Answer: Luigi Galvani Question: The tool that was invented to stain only a small fractions of neurons was called what? Answer: the Golgi stain Question: What nationality was santiago Ramon y Cajal? Answer: Spanish
Context: The deeper ancestral demography of Bermuda's population has been obscured by the ethnic homogenisation of the last four centuries. There is effectively no ethnic distinction between black and white Bermudians, other than those characterising recent immigrant communities. In the 17th century, this was not so. For the first hundred years of settlement, white Protestants of English heritage were the distinct majority, with white minorities of Irish (the native language of many of whom can be assumed to have been Gaelic) and Scots sent to Bermuda after the English invasions of their homelands that followed the English Civil War. Non-white minorities included Spanish-speaking, free (indentured) blacks from the West Indies, black chattel slaves primarily captured from Spanish and Portuguese ships by Bermudian privateers, and Native Americans, primarily from the Algonquian and other tribes of the Atlantic seaboard, but possibly from as far away as Mexico. By the 19th century, the white ethnically-English Bermudians had lost their numerical advantage. Despite the banning of the importation of Irish, and the repeated attempts to force free blacks to emigrate and the owners of black slaves to export them, the merging of the various minority groups, along with some of the white English, had resulted in a new demographic group, "coloured" (which term, in Bermuda, referred to anyone not wholly of European ancestry) Bermudians, gaining a slight majority. Any child born before or since then to one coloured and one white parent has been added to the coloured statistic. Most of those historically described as "coloured" are today described as "black", or "of African heritage", which obscures their non-African heritage (those previously described as "coloured" who were not of African ancestry had been very few, though the numbers of South Asians, particularly, is now growing. The number of persons born in Asian countries doubled between the 2000 and the 2010 censuses), blacks have remained in the majority, with new white immigration from Portugal, Britain and elsewhere countered by black immigration from the West Indies. Question: There is no distinction between what two ethnicities of Bermudians? Answer: black and white Question: Which ethnicity claimed the majority in Bermuda during the 17th century? Answer: white Protestants of English heritage Question: Anyone in Bermuda that is not considered 100% of European heritage is referred to as what? Answer: coloured Question: Why is it problematic that the "coloured" population of Bermuda is now referred to as "black" or "African heritage"? Answer: obscures their non-African heritage Question: There has been a double in the population of people born in which country? Answer: Asian Question: What groups of Bermudians is there an ethnic distinction between? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was the distinct majority for the first 17 years of the settlement? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was the minority for the first 17 years of the settlement? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who lost their numerical advantage by the 17th century? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What group of people doubled in population in the year 2000? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Jugurthine War of 111–104 BC was fought between Rome and Jugurtha of the North African kingdom of Numidia. It constituted the final Roman pacification of Northern Africa, after which Rome largely ceased expansion on the continent after reaching natural barriers of desert and mountain. Following Jugurtha's usurpation of the throne of Numidia, a loyal ally of Rome since the Punic Wars, Rome felt compelled to intervene. Jugurtha impudently bribed the Romans into accepting his usurpation. Jugurtha was finally captured not in battle but by treachery. Question: What war is considered to be the last Roman pacification in Northern Africa? Answer: The Jugurthine War Question: What eventually caused Jugurtha to become a captive? Answer: treachery Question: When did the Jugurthine War end? Answer: 104 BC Question: Who attempted to usurp the throne of Numidia? Answer: Jugurtha Question: Who did Jugurtha have to bribe in order for them to accept him as the new leader of Numidia? Answer: the Romans
Context: A few centuries later, coinciding with the first waves of the invading Germanic peoples (Suevi, Vandals and Alans, and later the Visigoths) and the power vacuum left by the demise of the Roman imperial administration, the church assumed the reins of power in the city and replaced the old Roman temples with religious buildings. With the Byzantine invasion of the southwestern Iberian peninsula in 554 the city acquired strategic importance. After the expulsion of the Byzantines in 625, Visigothic military contingents were posted there and the ancient Roman amphitheatre was fortified. Little is known of its history for nearly a hundred years; although this period is only scarcely documented by archeology, excavations suggest that there was little development of the city. During Visigothic times Valencia was an episcopal See of the Catholic Church, albeit a suffragan diocese subordinate to the archdiocese of Toledo, comprising the ancient Roman province of Carthaginensis in Hispania. Question: When did the Byzantines invade the Iberian peninsula? Answer: 554 Question: When were the Byzantines expelled? Answer: 625 Question: What archdiocese was Valencia under during the time of the Visigoths? Answer: Toledo Question: Who took power in Valencia after the Roman administration was gone? Answer: the church Question: After the Byzantines left, who was stationed in Valencia? Answer: Visigothic military contingents
Context: In 1997, a year after the divorce, Diana was killed in a car crash in Paris. The Queen was on holiday with her extended family at Balmoral. Diana's two sons by Charles—Princes William and Harry—wanted to attend church and so the Queen and Prince Philip took them that morning. After that single public appearance, for five days the Queen and the Duke shielded their grandsons from the intense press interest by keeping them at Balmoral where they could grieve in private, but the royal family's seclusion and the failure to fly a flag at half-mast over Buckingham Palace caused public dismay. Pressured by the hostile reaction, the Queen agreed to return to London and do a live television broadcast on 5 September, the day before Diana's funeral. In the broadcast, she expressed admiration for Diana and her feelings "as a grandmother" for the two princes. As a result, much of the public hostility evaporated. Question: What incident killed Diana in Paris? Answer: car crash Question: When did Diana die? Answer: 1997 Question: How long did Elizabeth and the royal family remain in seclusion at Balmoral? Answer: five days Question: What failure did the public find dismaying? Answer: fly a flag at half-mast Question: What did Elizabeth do to diffuse hostile public sentiment? Answer: live television broadcast Question: In what city is Balmoral? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what month in 1997 did Diana die in a car crash? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where was Charles in the days after Diana died? Answer: Unanswerable Question: From what building did the Queen do her television broadcast about Diana's death? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Qur'anic schools (also known as dugsi) remain the basic system of traditional religious instruction in Somalia. They provide Islamic education for children, thereby filling a clear religious and social role in the country. Known as the most stable local, non-formal system of education providing basic religious and moral instruction, their strength rests on community support and their use of locally made and widely available teaching materials. The Qur'anic system, which teaches the greatest number of students relative to other educational sub-sectors, is oftentimes the only system accessible to Somalis in nomadic as compared to urban areas. A study from 1993 found, among other things, that "unlike in primary schools where gender disparity is enormous, around 40 per cent of Qur'anic school pupils are girls; but the teaching staff have minimum or no qualification necessary to ensure intellectual development of children." To address these concerns, the Somali government on its own part subsequently established the Ministry of Endowment and Islamic Affairs, under which Qur'anic education is now regulated. Question: What is another name for a Qur'anic school? Answer: dugsi Question: What percentage of students at Qur'anic schools are female? Answer: 40 Question: What government body regulates Qur'anic education? Answer: the Ministry of Endowment and Islamic Affairs
Context: The debating societies discussed an extremely wide range of topics. Before the Enlightenment, most intellectual debates revolved around "confessional" – that is, Catholic, Lutheran, Reformed (Calvinist), or Anglican issues, and the main aim of these debates was to establish which bloc of faith ought to have the "monopoly of truth and a God-given title to authority". After this date everything thus previously rooted in tradition was questioned and often replaced by new concepts in the light of philosophical reason. After the second half of the 17th century and during the 18th century, a "general process of rationalization and secularization set in," and confessional disputes were reduced to a secondary status in favor of the "escalating contest between faith and incredulity". Question: Before the Enlightenment, most intellectual debates revoled around what subject? Answer: "confessional" Question: Catholic, Lutheran, Reformed (Calvinist), or Anglican issues were called what? Answer: "confessional" Question: During what time period did a "general process of rationalization and secularization set in"? Answer: second half of the 17th century and during the 18th century Question: The aim of confessional debates was to establish which bloc of faith should have what? Answer: the "monopoly of truth and a God-given title to authority"
Context: Not only that, Austria now found herself estranged with the new developments within the empire itself. Beside the rise of Prussia, Augustus III, although ineffective, could mustered up an army not only from Saxony, but also Poland, considering the elector was also the King of Poland. Bavaria's growing power and independence was also apparent as she had more voices on the path that its army should have taken, and managed to slip out of the war at its own will. Most importantly, with the now somehow-belligerent Hanover united personally under George III of Great Britain, It can amassed a considerable power, even brought Britain in, on the future conflicts. This power dynamic is important to the future and the latter conflicts of the empire. The war also proved that Maria Theresa's reforms were still not enough to compete with Prussia: unlike its enemy, the Austrians went almost bankrupt at the end of war. Hence, she dedicated the next two decades to the consolidation of her administration. Question: What was the impact of the war on the wealth of Austria? Answer: the Austrians went almost bankrupt at the end of war. Question: What was the change in the status of Prussia because of the war? Answer: Beside the rise of Prussia Question: What was Hanover's attitude toward Austria? Answer: -belligerent Hanover Question: How much military aggression did Maria Theresa exert following the war? Answer: she dedicated the next two decades to the consolidation of her administration. Question: Which British king supported Hanover following the war? Answer: George III of Great Britain
Context: Hydrogen is employed to saturate broken ("dangling") bonds of amorphous silicon and amorphous carbon that helps stabilizing material properties. It is also a potential electron donor in various oxide materials, including ZnO, SnO2, CdO, MgO, ZrO2, HfO2, La2O3, Y2O3, TiO2, SrTiO3, LaAlO3, SiO2, Al2O3, ZrSiO4, HfSiO4, and SrZrO3. Question: Why is hydrogen employed? Answer: to saturate broken ("dangling") bonds of amorphous silicon and amorphous carbon that helps stabilizing material properties Question: How is hydrogen used in oxide materials? Answer: a potential electron donor Question: What oxide materials use hydrogen as an electron donor? Answer: ZnO, SnO2, CdO, MgO, ZrO2, HfO2, La2O3, Y2O3, TiO2, SrTiO3, LaAlO3, SiO2, Al2O3, ZrSiO4, HfSiO4, and SrZrO3
Context: The Wayback Machine is a digital archive of the World Wide Web and other information on the Internet created by the Internet Archive, a nonprofit organization, based in San Francisco, California, United States. It was set up by Brewster Kahle and Bruce Gilliat, and is maintained with content from Alexa Internet. The service enables users to see archived versions of web pages across time, which the archive calls a "three dimensional index." Question: Where does the information stored on the Wayback Machine come from? Answer: World Wide Web Question: Which company made the Wayback Machine? Answer: Internet Archive Question: Where is Internet Archive headquartered? Answer: San Francisco Question: What individuals founded Internet Archive? Answer: Brewster Kahle and Bruce Gilliat Question: What is the term used by Internet Archive to describe the Wayback Machine? Answer: three dimensional index Question: Where does the information stored on the Internet Archive come from? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which company made the World Wide Web? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where is Bruce Gillat headquartered? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What individuals founded the World Wide Web? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the term used by the World Wide Web to describe the Wayback Machine? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: According to the Sixth China Census, the total population of the City of Nanjing reached 8.005 million in 2010. The statistics in 2011 estimated the total population to be 8.11 million. The birth rate was 8.86 percent and the death rate was 6.88 percent. The urban area had a population of 6.47 million people. The sex ratio of the city population was 107.31 males to 100 females. Question: What was the population of Nanjing in 2010? Answer: 8.005 million Question: What was the estimated population of Nanjing in 2011? Answer: 8.11 million Question: How was the population figure for 2010 obtained? Answer: the Sixth China Census Question: What was Nanjing's birth rate? Answer: 8.86 percent Question: How many people were considered to be living in the urban portion of Nanjing? Answer: 6.47 million
Context: Unlike other European nations, the Dutch chose not to follow a policy of language expansion amongst the indigenous peoples of their colonies. In the last quarter of the 19th century, however, a local elite gained proficiency in Dutch so as to meet the needs of expanding bureaucracy and business. Nevertheless, the Dutch government remained reluctant to teach Dutch on a large scale for fear of destabilising the colony. Dutch, the language of power, was supposed to remain in the hands of the leading elite. Question: Towards the end of what century did it become important for more people in Dutch colonies to speak Dutch? Answer: 19th Question: What VIP segment of the population in Dutch colonies learned Dutch to participate in business and government? Answer: local elite Question: What was the Dutch government afraid of doing if they taught their colonies Dutch? Answer: destabilising the colony Question: Leaders wanted to hang onto knowledge of the Dutch language because it's the language of what? Answer: power
Context: The structure known as "Virgil's tomb" is found at the entrance of an ancient Roman tunnel (also known as "grotta vecchia") in Piedigrotta, a district two miles from the centre of Naples, near the Mergellina harbor, on the road heading north along the coast to Pozzuoli. While Virgil was already the object of literary admiration and veneration before his death, in the Middle Ages his name became associated with miraculous powers, and for a couple of centuries his tomb was the destination of pilgrimages and veneration. Question: During which time period did Virgil's name become associated with miraclous powers? Answer: Middle Ages Question: In which district is "Virgil's tomb" located? Answer: Piedigrotta Question: What is the entrance of the ancient Roman tunnel where "Virgil's tomb" is located also called? Answer: grotta vecchia Question: Where did Virgil die? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where did pilgrims pass through on the way to Virgil's tomb? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where did most of the pilgrims come from? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When were Virgil's books the most widely read? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Today the boundaries of the Ukrainian language to the Russian language are still not drawn clearly, with an intermediate dialect between them, called Surzhyk, developing in Ukraine. Question: In what country is the Surzhyk dialect spoken? Answer: Ukraine Question: Surzhyk is a dialect intermediate between the Ukrainian language and what other language? Answer: Russian Question: The boundaries between which languages are clearly known? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the name for the intermediate dialect formed between Surzhyk and the Russian language? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the name for the intermediate dialect formed between Surzhyk and the Ukranian language? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the name for the intermediate dialect developing in Russia? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Oklahoma's centennial celebration was named the top event in the United States for 2007 by the American Bus Association, and consisted of multiple celebrations saving with the 100th anniversary of statehood on November 16, 2007. Annual ethnic festivals and events take place throughout the state such as Native American powwows and ceremonial events, and include festivals (as examples) in Scottish, Irish, German, Italian, Vietnamese, Chinese, Czech, Jewish, Arab, Mexican and African-American communities depicting cultural heritage or traditions. Question: When was Oklahoma's centennial year? Answer: 2007 Question: When was the exact hundredth anniversary of Oklahoma's statehood? Answer: November 16, 2007 Question: What organization said Oklahoma's centennial was the top event in the US that year? Answer: American Bus Association Question: What do ethnic festivals depict? Answer: cultural heritage or traditions
Context: The new government drafted and implemented a constitution in 1923 based on a parliamentary system. Saad Zaghlul was popularly elected as Prime Minister of Egypt in 1924. In 1936, the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty was concluded. Continued instability due to remaining British influence and increasing political involvement by the king led to the dissolution of the parliament in a military coup d'état known as the 1952 Revolution. The Free Officers Movement forced King Farouk to abdicate in support of his son Fuad. British military presence in Egypt lasted until 1954. Question: When was new constitution drafted? Answer: 1923 Question: What system of government was constitution based on? Answer: parliamentary system Question: Who was elected in 1924? Answer: Saad Zaghlul Question: Who succeeded King Farouk? Answer: his son Fuad Question: How long did British military presence remain in Egypt? Answer: 1954
Context: Congress often writes legislation to restrain executive officials to the performance of their duties, as laid out by the laws Congress passes. In INS v. Chadha (1983), the Supreme Court decided (a) The prescription for legislative action in Art. I, § 1—requiring all legislative powers to be vested in a Congress consisting of a Senate and a House of Representatives—and § 7—requiring every bill passed by the House and Senate, before becoming law, to be presented to the president, and, if he disapproves, to be repassed by two-thirds of the Senate and House—represents the Framers' decision that the legislative power of the Federal Government be exercised in accord with a single, finely wrought and exhaustively considered procedure. This procedure is an integral part of the constitutional design for the separation of powers. Further rulings clarified the case; even both Houses acting together cannot override Executive vetos without a 2⁄3 majority. Legislation may always prescribe regulations governing executive officers. Question: To what does congress attempt to limit executive officials? Answer: the performance of their duties Question: What court case affirmed the mandates of the first and seventh sections of Article I of the Constitution? Answer: INS v. Chadha Question: When was INS v Chadha tried before the Supreme Court? Answer: 1983 Question: By what margin can congress over ride a Presidential veto? Answer: two-thirds Question: Who often writes laws to restrain Congress to the performance of their duties? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In which case did Congress decide that all powers would be vested in the Supreme Court consisting of a Senate and House of Representatives? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Congress decide that all powers would be vested in the Supreme Court consisting of a which two bodies? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year did Congress decide that all powers would be vested in the Supreme Court consisting of a Senate and House of Representatives? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who must be presented with every bill passed by the President? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Nigeria regained democracy in 1999 when it elected Olusegun Obasanjo, the former military head of state, as the new President of Nigeria. This ended almost 33 years of military rule (from 1966 until 1999), excluding the short-lived second republic (between 1979 and 1983) by military dictators who seized power in coups d'état and counter-coups during the Nigerian military juntas of 1966–1979 and 1983–1998. Although the elections which brought Obasanjo to power in 1999 and again in 2003 were condemned as unfree and unfair, Nigeria has shown marked improvements in attempts to tackle government corruption and to hasten development. Question: When did Nigeria regain democracy? Answer: 1999 Question: Who won the 1999 Nigerian election? Answer: Olusegun Obasanjo Question: Nigeria was under military rule for how long? Answer: almost 33 years Question: How was the 1999 election regarded? Answer: unfree and unfair Question: How was the 2003 election regarded? Answer: unfree and unfair
Context: Local media include the Southern Daily Echo newspaper based in Redbridge and BBC South, which has its regional headquarters in the city centre opposite the civic centre. From there the BBC broadcasts South Today, the local television news bulletin and BBC Radio Solent. The local ITV franchise is Meridian, which has its headquarters in Whiteley, around nine miles (14 km) from the city. Until December 2004, the station's studios were located in the Northam area of the city on land reclaimed from the River Itchen. That's Solent is an local television channel that began broadcasting in November 2014, which will be based in and serve Southampton and Portsmouth. Question: What program with a direction in its name does the BBC broadcast from Southampton? Answer: South Today Question: What's the name of the local ITV division? Answer: Meridian Question: Where is the Meridian headquarters located? Answer: Whiteley Question: What is the local television channel for Southampton called? Answer: That's Solent Question: Towards the end of what year did That's Solent begin broadcasting? Answer: 2014
Context: It now became relevant to define the east of the eastern question. In about the middle of the 19th century "Near East" came into use to describe that part of the east closest to Europe. The term "Far East" appeared contemporaneously meaning Japan, China, Korea, Indonesia and Viet Nam; in short, the East Indies. "Near East" applied to what had been mainly known as the Levant, which was in the jurisdiction of the Ottoman Porte, or government. Those who used the term had little choice about its meaning. They could not set foot on most of the shores of the southern and central Mediterranean from the Gulf of Sidra to Albania without permits from the Ottoman Empire. Question: When did "Near East" come into use to describe the part of the east closest to Europe? Answer: middle of the 19th century Question: In short, the term Far East appeared to name this area Answer: the East Indies Question: "Near East" applied to this mainly known area Answer: the Levant Question: What was the jurisdiction of the Levant in? Answer: the Ottoman Porte Question: What was needed to set foot on most of the shores of the southern and central Mediterranean? Answer: permits from the Ottoman Empire
Context: A famous saying by the 8th-century Indian Buddhist scholar-saint Shantideva, which the 14th Dalai Lama often cites as his favourite verse, summarizes the Bodhisattva's intention (Bodhicitta) as follows: "For as long as space endures, and for as long as living beings remain, until then may I too abide to dispel the misery of the world."[citation needed] Question: Which Dalai Lama cites Shantideva's famous saying? Answer: the 14th Dalai Lama
Context: Burmese resentment was strong and was vented in violent riots that paralysed Yangon (Rangoon) on occasion all the way until the 1930s. Some of the discontent was caused by a disrespect for Burmese culture and traditions such as the British refusal to remove shoes when they entered pagodas. Buddhist monks became the vanguards of the independence movement. U Wisara, an activist monk, died in prison after a 166-day hunger strike to protest against a rule that forbade him from wearing his Buddhist robes while imprisoned. Question: have the Burmese people ever shown any reservations about the ruling government bodies? Answer: Burmese resentment was strong and was vented in violent riots that paralysed Yangon (Rangoon) on occasion all the way until the 1930s. Question: What were some of problems experienced with the colonialism of Burma by the British? Answer: Some of the discontent was caused by a disrespect for Burmese culture and traditions Question: How long was U Wisara on a strike were he refused subsistence ? Answer: 166-day hunger strike Question: Was U Wisara able to survive the protest? Answer: died in prison after a 166-day hunger strike Question: Why was U Wisara involved in a resistance movement of such extremes ? Answer: to protest against a rule that forbade him from wearing his Buddhist robes while imprisoned.
Context: Accordingly, leaving Field Marshal Count Kurt von Schwerin in Silesia with 25,000 soldiers to guard against incursions from Moravia or Hungary, and leaving Field Marshal Hans von Lehwaldt in East Prussia to guard against Russian invasion from the east, Frederick set off with his army for Saxony. The Prussian army marched in three columns. On the right was a column of about 15,000 men under the command of Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick. On the left was a column of 18,000 men under the command of the Duke of Brunswick-Bevern. In the centre was Frederick II, himself with Field Marshal James Keith commanding a corps of 30,000 troops. Ferdinand of Brunswick was to close in on the town of Chemnitz. The Duke of Brunswick-Bevern was to traverse Lusatia to close in on Bautzen. Meanwhile, Frederick and Field Marshal Keith would make for Dresden. Question: How did Frederick protect Silesia when he went to invade Saxony? Answer: leaving Field Marshal Count Kurt von Schwerin in Silesia with 25,000 soldiers to guard against incursions from Moravia or Hungary Question: How did Frederick protect East Prussia when he went to invade Saxony? Answer: leaving Field Marshal Hans von Lehwaldt in East Prussia to guard against Russian invasion from the east Question: Describe the command of Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick. Answer: a column of about 15,000 men Question: Describe the command of the Duke ofBrunswich-Bevern. Answer: a column of 18,000 men Question: Describe the command of Field Marshall James Keith Answer: a corps of 30,000 troops.
Context: However, during this period, major figures and artists in the scene began leaning away from underground aesthetics. In the music press, the increasingly esoteric writing of post-punk publications soon began to alienate their readerships; it is estimated that within several years, NME suffered the loss of half its circulation. Writers like Paul Morley began advocating "overground brightness" instead of the experimental sensibilities promoted in early years. Morley's own musical collaboration with engineer Gary Langan and programmer J. J. Jeczalik, the Art of Noise, would attempt to bring sampled and electronic sounds to the pop mainstream. A variety of more pop-oriented groups, including ABC, the Associates, Adam and the Ants and Bow Wow Wow (the latter two managed by former Sex Pistols manager Malcolm McLaren) emerged in tandem with the development of the New Romantic subcultural scene. Emphasizing glamour, fashion, and escapism in distinction to the experimental seriousness of earlier post-punk groups, the club-oriented scene drew some suspicion from denizens of the movement. Question: Many of the big players in the post-punk scene began leaning away from what as time progressed? Answer: underground aesthetics Question: What did the magazines catering to post-punk interest do to alienate their readers? Answer: increasingly esoteric writing Question: Which magazine tied to the post-punk movement lost half of its circulation? Answer: NME Question: What writer advocated "overground brightness"? Answer: Paul Morley Question: What did the club-oriented scene emphasize instead of the experimental seriousness of earlier post-punk groups? Answer: glamour, fashion, and escapism Question: What did authors and artists begin advocating for instead of the underground scene? Answer: overground brightness Question: What began to alienate the readers from publications such as NME? Answer: increasingly esoteric writing Question: Who did Paul Morley collaborate with on the Art of Noise? Answer: engineer Gary Langan and programmer J. J. Jeczalik Question: What did the Art of Noise hope to accomplish? Answer: attempt to bring sampled and electronic sounds to the pop mainstream Question: Which new cultural movement began to emphasize glam, escapism and fashion? Answer: New Romantic Question: Who did Morley not want to collaborate with? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What groups were not pop-oriented? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What scene did not emphasize fashion or glamour? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What scene was not club-oriented? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What music genre never had writing publications? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The 2011 World Wealth Report ranks economic activity in New Delhi at 39, but overall the capital is ranked at 37, above cities like Jakarta and Johannesburg. New Delhi with Beijing shares the top position as the most targeted emerging markets retail destination among Asia-Pacific markets. Question: According to the 2011 World Health Report, where does New Delhi rank in terms of economic activity? Answer: 39 Question: New Delhi shares the position as the most targeted retail destination in Asia-Pacific markets with what other city? Answer: Beijing Question: What organization ranked New Delhi 39th in economic activity in 2011? Answer: World Wealth Report Question: Major cities like Jakarta and Johannesburg rank below New Delhi in what key statistic? Answer: economic activity Question: In which year was New Delhi ranked 39th in economic activity by the World Wealth Report? Answer: 2011
Context: American Idol premiered in June 2002 and became the surprise summer hit show of 2002. The first show drew 9.9 million viewers, giving Fox the best viewing figure for the 8.30 pm spot in over a year. The audience steadily grew, and by finale night, the audience had averaged 23 million, with more than 40 million watching some part of that show. That episode was placed third amongst all age groups, but more importantly it led in the 18–49 demographic, the age group most valued by advertisers. Question: What year did American Idol being to air on television? Answer: 2002 Question: How many people watched the first episode of American Idol? Answer: 9.9 million Question: How many people on average watched the American Idol finale in its first season? Answer: 23 million Question: What season of the year did American Idol first air on television? Answer: summer Question: When did American Idol premiere? Answer: June 2002 Question: How many people watched the first episode of American Idol? Answer: 9.9 million Question: What was the average for viewership by finale night? Answer: 23 million
Context: The coverage of the events by the media came under scrutiny during the relay. Chinese media coverage of the torch relay has been distinct in a number of ways from coverage elsewhere. Western reporters in Beijing have described Chinese media coverage as partial and censored (for example when Chinese media did not broadcast Reporters Without Borders' disruption of the torch lighting ceremony), whereas Chinese netizens have in turn accused Western media coverage of being biased. The French newspaper Libération was criticised by the Chinese State press agency Xinhua for its allegedly biased reporting; Xinhua suggested that Libération needed "a stinging slap in the face" for having "insulted the Olympic flame" and "supported a handful of saboteurs". Question: The Chinese coverage of torch relay events has been accused by Western reporters as being what? Answer: partial and censored Question: In turn, Chinese supporters have accused Western media of being what in their coverage? Answer: biased. Question: Which French newspaper was accused of being biased by Chinese State press agency Xinhua? Answer: Libération Question: What was under scrutiny? Answer: media coverage Question: Coverage in China is reported to be partial and what? Answer: censored Question: What organization interrupted the relay and was not broadcast by the Chinese media? Answer: Reporters Without Borders Question: Chinese State Press said what French newspaper was biased? Answer: Libération Question: The Chinese State Press said the French newspaper was supporting a handful of what? Answer: saboteurs
Context: By 1763, the war in Central Europe was essentially a stalemate. Frederick had retaken most of Silesia and Saxony but not the latter's capital, Dresden. His financial situation was not dire, but his kingdom was devastated and his army severely weakened. His manpower had dramatically decreased, and he had lost so many effective officers and generals that a new offensive was perhaps impossible. British subsidies had been stopped by the new Prime Minister Lord Bute, and the Russian Emperor had been overthrown by his wife, Catherine, who ended Russia's alliance with Prussia and withdrew from the war. Austria, however, like most participants, was facing a severe financial crisis and had to decrease the size of its army, something which greatly affected its offensive power. Indeed, after having effectively sustained a long war, its administration was in disarray. By that time, it still held Dresden, the southeastern parts of Saxony, the county of Glatz, and southern Silesia, but the prospect of victory was dim without Russian support. In 1763 a peace settlement was reached at the Treaty of Hubertusburg, ending the war in central Europe. Question: In 1763 what was the status of Frederick? Answer: his kingdom was devastated and his army severely weakened Question: In 1763 what was the status of Austria? Answer: facing a severe financial crisis and had to decrease the size of its army Question: What had happened to Frederick's financial help from Britain? Answer: British subsidies had been stopped by the new Prime Minister Lord Bute Question: What had happened to Frederick's extra troops from Russia? Answer: Catherine, who ended Russia's alliance with Prussia and withdrew from the war Question: What was the result of the weakening of both Prussia and Austria? Answer: In 1763 a peace settlement was reached at the Treaty of Hubertusburg, ending the war in central Europe.
Context: From its origins in the fur trade, the Hudson's Bay Company is the oldest corporation in North America and was the largest department store operator in Canada until the mid-1980s, with locations across the country. It also previously owned Zellers, another major Canadian department store which ceased to exist in March 2013 after selling its lease holdings to Target Canada. Other department stores in Canada are: Canadian Tire, Sears Canada, Ogilvy, Les Ailes de la Mode, Giant Tiger, Co-op, Costco and Holt Renfrew. Grocery giant Superstores carry many non-grocery items akin to a department store. Woolco had 160 stores in Canada when operations ceased (Walmart bought out Woolco in 1994). Today low-price Walmart is by far the most dominant department store retailer in Canada with outlets throughout the country. Historically, department stores were a significant component in Canadian economic life, and chain stores such as Eaton's, Charles Ogilvy Limited, Freiman's, Spencer's, Simpsons, Morgan's, and Woodward's were staples in their respective communities. Department stores in Canada are similar in design and style to department stores in the United States. Question: What business was the Hudson's Bay Company originally involved in? Answer: the fur trade Question: What department store chain did Hudson's Bay Company own until it dissolved in 2013? Answer: Zellers Question: How many stores did Woolco operate before selling their shares to Walmart? Answer: 160 Question: Currently, what department store is most popular in Canada? Answer: Walmart Question: What business was the Hudson's Bay Company originally not involved in? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What department store chain did Hudson's Bay Company own until it dissolved in 2003? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many stores did Woolco operate before buying Walmart? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Currently, what department store is least popular in Canada? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Currently, what department store is most unpopular in Canada? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Although Kim's early successes had led him to predict that he would end the war by the end of August, Chinese leaders were more pessimistic. To counter a possible U.S. deployment, Zhou Enlai secured a Soviet commitment to have the Soviet Union support Chinese forces with air cover, and deployed 260,000 soldiers along the Korean border, under the command of Gao Gang. Zhou commanded Chai Chengwen to conduct a topographical survey of Korea, and directed Lei Yingfu, Zhou's military advisor in Korea, to analyze the military situation in Korea. Lei concluded that MacArthur would most likely attempt a landing at Incheon. After conferring with Mao that this would be MacArthur's most likely strategy, Zhou briefed Soviet and North Korean advisers of Lei's findings, and issued orders to Chinese army commanders deployed on the Korean border to prepare for American naval activity in the Korea Strait. Question: Why did Zhou Enlai want a commitment the Soviet Union to commit to supporting the Chinese troops? Answer: To counter a possible U.S. deployment Question: Where did North Korea predict that MacArthur would enter Korea? Answer: Incheon Question: Who helped North Korea prepare for war by surveying the country? Answer: Chai Chengwen Question: Where did the Chinese military deploy troops in preparation for the arrival of US troops? Answer: the Korean border Question: Even though it was predicted that the Korean War would end in August, who was less than optimistic about the prediction? Answer: Chinese leaders
Context: Roman camps followed a standard pattern for defense and religious ritual; in effect they were Rome in miniature. The commander's headquarters stood at the centre; he took the auspices on a dais in front. A small building behind housed the legionary standards, the divine images used in religious rites and in the Imperial era, the image of the ruling emperor. In one camp, this shrine is even called Capitolium. The most important camp-offering appears to have been the suovetaurilia performed before a major, set battle. A ram, a boar and a bull were ritually garlanded, led around the outer perimeter of the camp (a lustratio exercitus) and in through a gate, then sacrificed: Trajan's column shows three such events from his Dacian wars. The perimeter procession and sacrifice suggest the entire camp as a divine templum; all within are purified and protected. Question: How were Roman camps laid out? Answer: standard pattern Question: For what purpose were Roman camps arranged? Answer: defense and religious ritual Question: Of what were Roman camps diminutive versions? Answer: Rome Question: What was in the center of each Roman camp? Answer: commander's headquarters Question: What does the religious rites performed before battle suggest that the camp has become? Answer: divine templum
Context: The reproductive system of female insects consist of a pair of ovaries, accessory glands, one or more spermathecae, and ducts connecting these parts. The ovaries are made up of a number of egg tubes, called ovarioles, which vary in size and number by species. The number of eggs that the insect is able to make vary by the number of ovarioles with the rate that eggs can be develop being also influenced by ovariole design. Female insects are able make eggs, receive and store sperm, manipulate sperm from different males, and lay eggs. Accessory glands or glandular parts of the oviducts produce a variety of substances for sperm maintenance, transport and fertilization, as well as for protection of eggs. They can produce glue and protective substances for coating eggs or tough coverings for a batch of eggs called oothecae. Spermathecae are tubes or sacs in which sperm can be stored between the time of mating and the time an egg is fertilized.:880 Question: Female insects reproductive system contain a pair of what? Answer: ovaries Question: What kind of glands are in a female insect's reproductive system? Answer: accessory glands Question: What connects the parts inside a female insect's reproductive system? Answer: ducts Question: Where are egg tubes are found inside of an insect? Answer: ovaries Question: What are egg tubes called? Answer: ovarioles
Context: Different cultures have evolved various ways of creating clothes out of cloth. One approach simply involves draping the cloth. Many people wore, and still wear, garments consisting of rectangles of cloth wrapped to fit – for example, the dhoti for men and the sari for women in the Indian subcontinent, the Scottish kilt or the Javanese sarong. The clothes may simply be tied up, as is the case of the first two garments; or pins or belts hold the garments in place, as in the case of the latter two. The precious cloth remains uncut, and people of various sizes or the same person at different sizes can wear the garment. Question: Various cultures have come up with ways of making clothes from what? Answer: cloth Question: Many people still wear clothes that are what shape? Answer: rectangles Question: What nationality wears kilts? Answer: Scottish Question: Pins or belts hold what in place? Answer: garments Question: What precious material may remain uncut? Answer: cloth Question: Different cultures have evolved various ways of making whatever for? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Few people still wear garments made of what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Pins are used to hold up what Indian governments Answer: Unanswerable Question: With Scottish garment is tied? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are the disadvantage of making clothes from a single rectangular cloth? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The network's programming season runs from February until the following March of each year when a retrospective of Oscar-winning and Oscar-nominated movies is shown, called 31 Days of Oscar. As a result of its devoted format to classic feature films, viewers that are interested in tracing the career development of actresses such as Barbara Stanwyck or Greta Garbo or actors like Cary Grant or Humphrey Bogart have the unique opportunity to see most of the films that were made during their careers, from beginning to end. Turner Classic Movies presents many of its features in their original aspect ratio (widescreen or full screen) whenever possible – widescreen films broadcast on TCM are letterboxed on the network's standard definition feed. TCM also regularly presents widescreen presentations of films not available in the format on any home video release. Question: What retrospective of the Oscars is shown yearly on TCM? Answer: 31 Days of Oscar Question: When does TCM's programming season begin? Answer: February Question: On its standard definition broadcast, what format does TCM use to preserve the original aspect ratio? Answer: letterboxed Question: Along with Cary Grant, who is a notable actor whose career a viewer might follow on TCM? Answer: Humphrey Bogart Question: What retrospective of the Oscars is shown yearly on letterbox? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When does the letterbox's programming season begin? Answer: Unanswerable Question: ON its standard definition broadcast, what format does Bogart use to preserve the original aspect ratio? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Along with Cary Grant, who is a notable actor whose career a viewer might follow on Grant? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When is a retrospective of Oscar-winning and Oscar-nominated actors shown? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Like the rest of France, Paris has been predominantly Roman Catholic since the early Middle Ages, though religious attendance is now low. A majority of Parisians are still nominally Roman Catholic. According to 2011 statistics, there are 106 parishes and curates in the city, plus separate parishes for Spanish, Polish and Portuguese Catholics. There are an additional 10 Eastern Orthodox parishes, and bishops for the Armenian and Ukrainian Orthodox Churches. In addition there are eighty male religious orders and 140 female religious orders in the city, as well as 110 Catholic schools with 75,000 students. Question: What is the most predominant religion in France? Answer: Roman Catholic Question: How many parishes and curates were there in 2011? Answer: 106 Question: How many catholic schools are in Paris? Answer: 110 Question: How many students attend catholic schools? Answer: 75,000
Context: In the south, land up to Safdarjung's Tomb was acquired in order to create what is today known as Lutyens' Bungalow Zone. Before construction could begin on the rocky ridge of Raisina Hill, a circular railway line around the Council House (now Parliament House), called the Imperial Delhi Railway, was built to transport construction material and workers for the next twenty years. The last stumbling block was the Agra-Delhi railway line that cut right through the site earmarked for the hexagonal All-India War Memorial (India Gate) and Kingsway (Rajpath), which was a problem because the Old Delhi Railway Station served the entire city at that time. The line was shifted to run along the Yamuna river, and it began operating in 1924. The New Delhi Railway Station opened in 1926 with a single platform at Ajmeri Gate near Paharganj and was completed in time for the city's inauguration in 1931. As construction of the Viceroy's House (the present Rashtrapati Bhavan), Central Secretariat, Parliament House, and All-India War Memorial (India Gate) was winding down, the building of a shopping district and a new plaza, Connaught Place, began in 1929, and was completed by 1933. Named after Prince Arthur, 1st Duke of Connaught (1850–1942), it was designed by Robert Tor Russell, chief architect to the Public Works Department (PWD). Question: The construction of Connaught Place was completed in what year? Answer: 1933 Question: On what hill did construction of Lutyen's Bungalow Zone begin? Answer: Raisina Hill Question: The Imperial Delhi Railway was built to transport workers and materials for how many years? Answer: twenty years Question: In what year did the Imperial Delhi Railway line begin operating? Answer: 1924 Question: In what year did the New Delhi Railway Station open? Answer: 1926
Context: One of the few city states who managed to maintain full independence from the control of any Hellenistic kingdom was Rhodes. With a skilled navy to protect its trade fleets from pirates and an ideal strategic position covering the routes from the east into the Aegean, Rhodes prospered during the Hellenistic period. It became a center of culture and commerce, its coins were widely circulated and its philosophical schools became one of the best in the mediterranean. After holding out for one year under siege by Demetrius Poliorcetes (304-305 BCE), the Rhodians built the Colossus of Rhodes to commemorate their victory. They retained their independence by the maintenance of a powerful navy, by maintaining a carefully neutral posture and acting to preserve the balance of power between the major Hellenistic kingdoms. Question: What did Rhodians build to commemorate their victory over Demetrius Poliorcetes? Answer: Colossus of Rhodes Question: What period did Rhodes prosper? Answer: Hellenistic Question: What military force helped Rhodes maintain their independence? Answer: navy Question: What years were Rhodes under attack by Demetrius Poliorcetes? Answer: 304-305 BCE
Context: Models suggest that Neptune's troposphere is banded by clouds of varying compositions depending on altitude. The upper-level clouds lie at pressures below one bar, where the temperature is suitable for methane to condense. For pressures between one and five bars (100 and 500 kPa), clouds of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide are thought to form. Above a pressure of five bars, the clouds may consist of ammonia, ammonium sulfide, hydrogen sulfide and water. Deeper clouds of water ice should be found at pressures of about 50 bars (5.0 MPa), where the temperature reaches 273 K (0 °C). Underneath, clouds of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide may be found. Question: What is Neptune's clouds competition variants dependent on? Answer: altitude Question: Which clouds on Neptune are suitable for methane to condense? Answer: upper-level Question: What clouds form between one and five bars on Neptune? Answer: ammonia and hydrogen sulfide Question: On Neptune, what do clouds above five bars consist of? Answer: ammonia, ammonium sulfide, hydrogen sulfide and water Question: What is the temperature on Neptune's clouds that are at 50 bars? Answer: 273 K (0 °C) Question: What is Neptune's rain competition variants dependent on? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which clouds on Neptune are suitable for methane to expand? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What clouds form between one and six bars on Neptune? Answer: Unanswerable Question: On Neptune, what do clouds above six bars consist of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the temperature on Neptune's clouds that are at 500 bars? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Crusades brought a shift in European trade routes that accelerated the decline of Kievan Rus'. In 1204 the forces of the Fourth Crusade sacked Constantinople, making the Dnieper trade route marginal. At the same time the Teutonic Knights (of the Northern Crusades) were conquering the Baltic region and threatening the Lands of Novgorod. Concurrently with it the Ruthenian Federation of Kievan Rus' started to disintegrate into smaller principalities as the Rurik dynasty grew. The local Orthodox Christianity of Kievan Rus', while struggling to establish itself in the predominantly pagan state and losing its main base in Constantinople was on the brink of extinction. Some of the main regional centres that developed later were Novgorod, Chernigov, Galich, Kiev, Ryazan, Vladimir-upon-Klyazma, Vladimir of Volyn and Polotsk. Question: What helped speed up the decline of the Kievan Rus? Answer: The Crusades Question: In what year did the Crusade sack Constantinople? Answer: 1204 Question: What group was attacking the the Baltic Region in 1204? Answer: Teutonic Knights Question: What helped restore the Kievam Rus? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What year did the Kievan Rus go into decline? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What group united the Baltic region in 1204? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What helped the keep the local Orthodox Christianity of Kievan Rus? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In many places in Switzerland, household rubbish disposal is charged for. Rubbish (except dangerous items, batteries etc.) is only collected if it is in bags which either have a payment sticker attached, or in official bags with the surcharge paid at the time of purchase. This gives a financial incentive to recycle as much as possible, since recycling is free. Illegal disposal of garbage is not tolerated but usually the enforcement of such laws is limited to violations that involve the unlawful disposal of larger volumes at traffic intersections and public areas. Fines for not paying the disposal fee range from CHF 200–500. Question: What does Switzerland charge for the disposal of in order to encourage recycling? Answer: Rubbish Question: What are the fines for not paying the rubbish disposal fee? Answer: from CHF 200–500 Question: What is the charge for recycling in Switzerland? Answer: free
Context: The structure of QD-LEDs used for the electrical-excitation scheme is similar to basic design of OLEDs. A layer of quantum dots is sandwiched between layers of electron-transporting and hole-transporting materials. An applied electric field causes electrons and holes to move into the quantum dot layer and recombine forming an exciton that excites a QD. This scheme is commonly studied for quantum dot display. The tunability of emission wavelengths and narrow bandwidth is also beneficial as excitation sources for fluorescence imaging. Fluorescence near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) utilizing an integrated QD-LED has been demonstrated. Question: What is one scheme of Quantum Dot excitation? Answer: electrical-excitation Question: What is one material used in electrical-excitation? Answer: hole-transporting materials Question: During the electrical-excitation scheme, what moves into the quantum dot layer? Answer: electrons and holes Question: A Quantum Dot LED has been used in what? Answer: near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) Question: What is one scheme of non-Quantum Dot excitation? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is one material used in non-electrical-excitation? Answer: Unanswerable Question: During the electrical-excitation scheme, what moves into the non-quantum dot layer? Answer: Unanswerable Question: A Quantum Dot non-LED has been used in what? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Nouns are also inflected for number, distinguishing between singular and plural. Typical of a Slavic language, Czech cardinal numbers one through four allow the nouns and adjectives they modify to take any case, but numbers over five place these nouns and adjectives in the genitive case when the entire expression is in nominative or accusative case. The Czech koruna is an example of this feature; it is shown here as the subject of a hypothetical sentence, and declined as genitive for numbers five and up. Question: What are inflected for number in Czech? Answer: Nouns Question: What are the cardinal numbers one through four in Czech allowed to take? Answer: any case Question: What case are numbers over five in? Answer: genitive Question: When is the genitive case used? Answer: when the entire expression is in nominative or accusative case Question: What is Czech's handling of cardinal numbers typical of? Answer: a Slavic language Question: What is the way hypothetical sentences handle adjectives typical of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what case do hypothetical sentences place numbers? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are adjectives inflected for in Czech? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What two terms distinguish between hypothetical sentences in Czech? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When is the hypothetical sentence used? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Historians have divided the history of Cubism into phases. In one scheme, the first phase of Cubism, known as Analytic Cubism, a phrase coined by Juan Gris a posteriori, was both radical and influential as a short but highly significant art movement between 1910 and 1912 in France. A second phase, Synthetic Cubism, remained vital until around 1919, when the Surrealist movement gained popularity. English art historian Douglas Cooper proposed another scheme, describing three phases of Cubism in his book, The Cubist Epoch. According to Cooper there was "Early Cubism", (from 1906 to 1908) when the movement was initially developed in the studios of Picasso and Braque; the second phase being called "High Cubism", (from 1909 to 1914) during which time Juan Gris emerged as an important exponent (after 1911); and finally Cooper referred to "Late Cubism" (from 1914 to 1921) as the last phase of Cubism as a radical avant-garde movement. Douglas Cooper's restrictive use of these terms to distinguish the work of Braque, Picasso, Gris (from 1911) and Léger (to a lesser extent) implied an intentional value judgement. Question: What was the first phase of Cubism known as? Answer: Analytic Cubism Question: Who coined the phrase Analytic Cubsim? Answer: Juan Gris Question: What was the second phase of Cubism called? Answer: Synthetic Cubism Question: From what years did High Cubism take place? Answer: 1909 to 1914 Question: From what years did Late Cubism take place? Answer: 1914 to 1921 Question: What was the last phase of Cubism known as? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who coined the term non-analytic cubism? Answer: Unanswerable Question: From what years did Low Cubism take place? Answer: Unanswerable Question: From what years did Post Cubism take place? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: New Haven was the subject of Who Governs? Democracy and Power in An American City, a very influential book in political science by preeminent Yale professor Robert A. Dahl, which includes an extensive history of the city and thorough description of its politics in the 1950s. New Haven's theocratic history is also mentioned several times by Alexis de Tocqueville in his classic volume on 19th-century American political life, Democracy in America. New Haven was the residence of conservative thinker William F. Buckley, Jr., in 1951, when he wrote his influential God and Man at Yale. William Lee Miller's The Fifteenth Ward and the Great Society (1966) similarly explores the relationship between local politics in New Haven and national political movements, focusing on Lyndon Johnson's Great Society and urban renewal. Question: What is the title of the political science book, written by a Yale professor, that explores New Haven politics and history throughout the 1950's? Answer: Who Governs? Democracy and Power in An American City Question: Who is the author of "Who Governs? Democracy an Power in An American City" Answer: Robert A. Dahl Question: What penultimate work by Alexis de Tocqueville makes mention of New Haven's original theocratic government? Answer: Democracy in America Question: To which prominent conservative, that authored God and Man at Yale, did New Haven provide residence in 1951? Answer: William F. Buckley, Jr. Question: Who is the author of The Fifteenth Ward and the Great Society? Answer: William Lee Miller Question: What is the name of popular book discussing the politics of New Haven published in the 50s? Answer: Democracy and Power in An American City Question: What famous french historian mention the city within his book Democracy in America? Answer: Alexis de Tocqueville Question: New Haven was the home to author that wrote God and Man at Yale, the writer's name was? Answer: William F. Buckley, Jr. Question: What is the name of the book published in 1966 that had focus on the city politics in relations with President Johnson's policies? Answer: the Great Society
Context: In terms of ship categories, Greek companies have 22.6% of the world's tankers and 16.1% of the world's bulk carriers (in dwt). An additional equivalent of 27.45% of the world's tanker dwt is on order, with another 12.7% of bulk carriers also on order. Shipping accounts for an estimated 6% of Greek GDP, employs about 160,000 people (4% of the workforce), and represents 1/3 of the country's trade deficit. Earnings from shipping amounted to €14.1 billion in 2011, while between 2000 and 2010 Greek shipping contributed a total of €140 billion (half of the country's public debt in 2009 and 3.5 times the receipts from the European Union in the period 2000–2013). The 2011 ECSA report showed that there are approximately 750 Greek shipping companies in operation. Question: How many of the world's tankers do Greek companies own? Answer: 22.6% Question: What percentage of the world's bulk carriers are Greece's? Answer: 16.1% Question: What percentage of Greece's GDP does shipping account for? Answer: 6% Question: What did earnings from Greece's shipping amount to in 2011? Answer: €14.1 billion Question: How many Greek shipping companies were in operation in 2011? Answer: 750 Question: How many of the world's tankers do Greek companies punish? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What percentage of the EU bulk carriers are not Greece's? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What percentage of Greece's GDP does shipping not account for? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did earnings from Greece's shipping amount to a loss of in 2011? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many Greek shipping companies were closed in 2011? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Gregorian reform contained two parts: a reform of the Julian calendar as used prior to Pope Gregory XIII's time and a reform of the lunar cycle used by the Church, with the Julian calendar, to calculate the date of Easter. The reform was a modification of a proposal made by Aloysius Lilius. His proposal included reducing the number of leap years in four centuries from 100 to 97, by making 3 out of 4 centurial years common instead of leap years. Lilius also produced an original and practical scheme for adjusting the epacts of the moon when calculating the annual date of Easter, solving a long-standing obstacle to calendar reform. Question: How many parts did the Gregorian calendar reform have? Answer: two parts Question: What was the first reform concerning the calendar? Answer: Julian calendar Question: What was the second reform of the calendar? Answer: lunar cycle Question: What was calculated using the lunar calendar? Answer: date of Easter Question: What did Lilius's calendar plan to reduce in every 400 years? Answer: number of leap years Question: How many parts did the Gregorian reform have? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What calendar was changed by the Julia reform? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What reform change the lunar cycle used by pagans? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who oppose the proposal for the reform? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Whose reform included increasing the number of leap years and for centuries? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Battle of Wörth (also known as Fröschwiller or Reichshoffen) began when the two armies clashed again on 6 August near Wörth in the town of Fröschwiller, about 10 miles (16 km) from Wissembourg. The Crown Prince of Prussia's 3rd army had, on the quick reaction of his Chief of Staff General von Blumenthal, drawn reinforcements which brought its strength up to 140,000 troops. The French had been slowly reinforced and their force numbered only 35,000. Although badly outnumbered, the French defended their position just outside Fröschwiller. By afternoon, the Germans had suffered c. 10,500 killed or wounded and the French had lost a similar number of casualties and another c. 9,200 men taken prisoner, a loss of about 50%. The Germans captured Fröschwiller which sat on a hilltop in the centre of the French line. Having lost any hope for victory and facing a massacre, the French army disengaged and retreated in a westerly direction towards Bitche and Saverne, hoping to join French forces on the other side of the Vosges mountains. The German 3rd army did not pursue the French but remained in Alsace and moved slowly south, attacking and destroying the French garrisons in the vicinity. Question: What battle began when two armies collided in the town of Froschwiller? Answer: The Battle of Wörth Question: On what date did the Battle of Worth begin? Answer: 6 August Question: What was the estimated number of troops in Prussia's 3rd Army? Answer: 140,000 troops Question: What number of troops did France have to contend with? Answer: 35,000 Question: Instead of pursuing the French as they retreated, the Germans decided to remain where? Answer: Alsace
Context: Neptune has 14 known moons. Triton is the largest Neptunian moon, comprising more than 99.5% of the mass in orbit around Neptune,[e] and it is the only one massive enough to be spheroidal. Triton was discovered by William Lassell just 17 days after the discovery of Neptune itself. Unlike all other large planetary moons in the Solar System, Triton has a retrograde orbit, indicating that it was captured rather than forming in place; it was probably once a dwarf planet in the Kuiper belt. It is close enough to Neptune to be locked into a synchronous rotation, and it is slowly spiralling inward because of tidal acceleration. It will eventually be torn apart, in about 3.6 billion years, when it reaches the Roche limit. In 1989, Triton was the coldest object that had yet been measured in the Solar System, with estimated temperatures of 38 K (−235 °C). Question: How many moons does Neptune have? Answer: 14 Question: What is Neptune's largest moon? Answer: Triton Question: Who discovered Triton? Answer: William Lassell Question: What orbit does Triton have around Neptune? Answer: retrograde orbit Question: What does Triton's orbit suggest about it's relation to Neptune? Answer: that it was captured Question: What planet has 13 moons? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the smallest moon? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who failed to discover Triton? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What orbit does Triton have around Jupiter? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does Triton's orbit suggest about it's relation to Jupiter? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In the martial arts, Faisal Jeylani Aweys and Mohamed Deq Abdulle also took home a silver medal and fourth place, respectively, at the 2013 Open World Taekwondo Challenge Cup in Tongeren. The Somali National Olympic committee has devised a special support program to ensure continued success in future tournaments. Additionally, Mohamed Jama has won both world and European titles in K1 and Thai Boxing. Question: Who came in fourth in the 2013 Open World Taekwondo Challenge Cup? Answer: Mohamed Deq Abdulle Question: What medal did Faisal Jeylani Aweys win in the 2013 Open World Taekwondo Challenge Cup? Answer: silver Question: Where did the 2013 Open World Taekwondo Challenge Cup take place? Answer: Tongeren Question: Along with Thai Boxing, in what has Mohamed Jama won a European title? Answer: K1
Context: Executives at Trump Entertainment Resorts, whose sole remaining property will be the Trump Taj Mahal, said in 2013 that they were considering the option of selling the Taj and winding down and exiting the gaming and hotel business. Question: What is the sole remaining property owned by Trump Entertainment Group? Answer: Trump Taj Mahal Question: What did Trump Entertainment Group say they were considering doing with the Trump Taj Mahal? Answer: selling Question: In what year did executives at Trump Entertainment Group say they were considering selling the Taj? Answer: 2013 Question: Why did executives say they were considering selling the Taj? Answer: winding down and exiting the gaming and hotel business Question: Who spoke for the Trump Entertainment Group in regards to the Taj and what might be done in the future? Answer: Executives
Context: Treatment of TB uses antibiotics to kill the bacteria. Effective TB treatment is difficult, due to the unusual structure and chemical composition of the mycobacterial cell wall, which hinders the entry of drugs and makes many antibiotics ineffective. The two antibiotics most commonly used are isoniazid and rifampicin, and treatments can be prolonged, taking several months. Latent TB treatment usually employs a single antibiotic, while active TB disease is best treated with combinations of several antibiotics to reduce the risk of the bacteria developing antibiotic resistance. People with latent infections are also treated to prevent them from progressing to active TB disease later in life. Directly observed therapy, i.e., having a health care provider watch the person take their medications, is recommended by the WHO in an effort to reduce the number of people not appropriately taking antibiotics. The evidence to support this practice over people simply taking their medications independently is poor. Methods to remind people of the importance of treatment do, however, appear effective. Question: What part of the mycobacterial cell makes tuberculosis more difficult to treat? Answer: wall Question: Isoniazid is one of the two most popular drugs for TB treatment; what's the other one? Answer: rifampicin Question: What complication does the use of combinations of antibiotics for active TB prevent? Answer: antibiotic resistance Question: What's the three-word name for the method where a health care worker watches their patient take their medication? Answer: Directly observed therapy Question: What organization recommends directly observed therapy to make sure people take their antibiotics correctly? Answer: WHO Question: What is used to kill antibiotics? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The chemical composition of what wall makes TB easy to treat? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which two drugs are used simultaneously to treat latent TB? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How long are antibiotics ineffective? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What health care provider watches the person take their medications? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Note: The green arrows (), red arrows (), and blue dashes () represent changes in rank when compared to the 2011 HDI data for 2010 – published in the 2011 report (p. 131). Question: What arrows do not represent changes in rank Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Unlike the situation with the states, there is no plenary reception statute at the federal level that continued the common law and thereby granted federal courts the power to formulate legal precedent like their English predecessors. Federal courts are solely creatures of the federal Constitution and the federal Judiciary Acts. However, it is universally accepted that the Founding Fathers of the United States, by vesting "judicial power" into the Supreme Court and the inferior federal courts in Article Three of the United States Constitution, thereby vested in them the implied judicial power of common law courts to formulate persuasive precedent; this power was widely accepted, understood, and recognized by the Founding Fathers at the time the Constitution was ratified. Several legal scholars have argued that the federal judicial power to decide "cases or controversies" necessarily includes the power to decide the precedential effect of those cases and controversies. Question: How did the federal agencies differ from their English counter-parts? Answer: no plenary reception statute at the federal level that continued the common law Question: What did the missing plenary reception do? Answer: granted federal courts the power to formulate legal precedent Question: Where do the federal courts fall? Answer: the federal Judiciary Acts Question: Where is judicial power found in the original Constitution? Answer: Article Three Question: What does Article Three give federal agencies? Answer: implied judicial power of common law courts to formulate persuasive precedent Question: Federal courts are outside of the jurisdiction of what federal acts? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What power did the Founding Fathers remove in Article Three? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who did the Supreme Court grant judicial power to? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where is the plenary reception statute found in the Constitution? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did scholars begin to argue that judicial power includes precedential effect? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Besides the bit rate of an encoded piece of audio, the quality of MP3 files also depends on the quality of the encoder itself, and the difficulty of the signal being encoded. As the MP3 standard allows quite a bit of freedom with encoding algorithms, different encoders may feature quite different quality, even with identical bit rates. As an example, in a public listening test featuring two different MP3 encoders at about 128 kbit/s, one scored 3.66 on a 1–5 scale, while the other scored only 2.22. Question: Other than the bit rate and the difficulty of the signal, what can also affect the quality of an MP3 file? Answer: quality of the encoder Question: The MP3 standard allows encoders to have a lot of freedom with which aspect of encoding? Answer: encoding algorithms Question: As a result of the freedom, different encoders can result in different quality even if which aspect of the file is the same? Answer: bit rates Question: An example shown has a low range quality score of what value? Answer: 2.22 Question: To compare qualities, sound files are evaluated on a scale that ranges from 1 to what? Answer: 5
Context: The region is serviced by 4,200 km (2,600 mi) of roads used by 6 million vehicles. Train travel is well established in the Alps, with, for instance 120 km (75 mi) of track for every 1,000 km2 (390 sq mi) in a country such as Switzerland. Most of Europe's highest railways are located there. Moreover, plans are underway to build a 57 km (35 mi)-long sub-alpine tunnel connecting the older Lötschberg and Gotthard tunnels built in the 19th century. Question: How much area is devoted to roads in the Alpine region? Answer: 4,200 km (2,600 mi) Question: How many vehicles use the roads? Answer: 6 million Question: Where are most of Europe's highest railways located? Answer: Switzerland Question: How long is the tunnel connecting Lotschberg and Gotthard planned to be? Answer: 57 km
Context: The initial cost of an incandescent bulb is small compared to the cost of the energy it uses over its lifetime. Incandescent bulbs have a shorter life than most other lighting, an important factor if replacement is inconvenient or expensive. Some types of lamp, including incandescent and fluorescent, emit less light as they age; this may be an inconvenience, or may reduce effective lifetime due to lamp replacement before total failure. A comparison of incandescent lamp operating cost with other light sources must include illumination requirements, cost of the lamp and labor cost to replace lamps (taking into account effective lamp lifetime), cost of electricity used, effect of lamp operation on heating and air conditioning systems. When used for lighting in houses and commercial buildings, the energy lost to heat can significantly increase the energy required by a building's air conditioning system. During the heating season heat produced by the bulbs is not wasted, although in most cases it is more cost effective to obtain heat from the heating system. Regardless, over the course of a year a more efficient lighting system saves energy in nearly all climates. Question: Do incandescent lights emit more, less, or the same amount of light as they age? Answer: less Question: What appliance requires more energy due to the use of incandescent lighting? Answer: a building's air conditioning system Question: Do incandescent lights have a longer or shorter life than other lighting sources? Answer: shorter Question: What are some factors to consider in calculating operating costs of lighting? Answer: illumination requirements, cost of the lamp and labor cost to replace lamps (taking into account effective lamp lifetime), cost of electricity used Question: What is more cost-effective, heat from incandescent bulbs or heat from a building's heating system? Answer: heat from the heating system Question: Whose initial cost is large compared to the cost of the energy it uses over its lifetime? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Whose light emits more light as they age? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of light has a longer life span than other sources? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of lighting system is less efficient over the course of a year? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: While Japan had a large number of submarines, they did not make a significant impact on the war. In 1942, the Japanese fleet subs performed well, knocking out or damaging many Allied warships. However, Imperial Japanese Navy (and pre-war U.S.) doctrine stipulated that only fleet battles, not guerre de course (commerce raiding) could win naval campaigns. So, while the US had an unusually long supply line between its west coast and frontline areas, leaving it vulnerable to submarine attack, Japan used its submarines primarily for long-range reconnaissance and only occasionally attacked U.S. supply lines. The Japanese submarine offensive against Australia in 1942 and 1943 also achieved little. Question: What doctrine stated that only fleet battles could win naval campaigns? Answer: Imperial Japanese Navy Question: What was commerce raiding refered to as? Answer: guerre de course Question: What was the primary use of Japanese submarines? Answer: long-range reconnaissance Question: When was the Japanese submarine offensive against Australia? Answer: 1942 and 1943 Question: What did the Japanese submarine offensive against Austrailia achieve? Answer: little
Context: While West had encountered controversy a year prior when he stormed out of the American Music Awards of 2004 after losing Best New Artist, the rapper's first large-scale controversy came just days following Late Registration's release, during a benefit concert for Hurricane Katrina victims. In September 2005, NBC broadcast A Concert for Hurricane Relief, and West was a featured speaker. When West was presenting alongside actor Mike Myers, he deviated from the prepared script. Myers spoke next and continued to read the script. Once it was West's turn to speak again, he said, "George Bush doesn't care about black people." West's comment reached much of the United States, leading to mixed reactions; President Bush would later call it one of the most "disgusting moments" of his presidency. West raised further controversy in January 2006 when he posed on the cover of Rolling Stone wearing a crown of thorns. Question: The loss of which award caused Kanye to leave the American Music Awards? Answer: Best New Artist Question: Kanye participated alongside Mike Meyers in a relief benefit show for what natural disaster? Answer: Hurricane Katrina Question: What magazine did Kanye don a thorn crown for the cover of in 2006? Answer: Rolling Stone Question: In which AMA category did Kanye lose in 2004? Answer: Best New Artist Question: Which actor was alongside Kanye West when he insulted President Bush? Answer: Mike Myers Question: What magazine did Kanye West pose for in 2006 that caused another controversy? Answer: Rolling Stone Question: What broadcast for NBC was Kanye presenting for when he spoke negatively about President Bush? Answer: A Concert for Hurricane Relief
Context: The X-ray crystal density method is primarily a method for determining the Avogadro constant NA but as the Avogadro constant is related to the Planck constant it also determines a value for h. The principle behind the method is to determine NA as the ratio between the volume of the unit cell of a crystal, measured by X-ray crystallography, and the molar volume of the substance. Crystals of silicon are used, as they are available in high quality and purity by the technology developed for the semiconductor industry. The unit cell volume is calculated from the spacing between two crystal planes referred to as d220. The molar volume Vm(Si) requires a knowledge of the density of the crystal and the atomic weight of the silicon used. The Planck constant is given by Question: What is the primary method for determining the Avogadro constant? Answer: The X-ray crystal density method Question: The Avogadro constant is determined to be the ratio between what two factors in the X-ray crystal density method? Answer: the volume of the unit cell of a crystal, measured by X-ray crystallography, and the molar volume of the substance Question: What element is used typically to establish Avogadro's constant? Answer: Crystals of silicon Question: How is unit cell volume calculated? Answer: from the spacing between two crystal planes referred to as d220 Question: Calculating molar volume requires knowledge of what two factors? Answer: the density of the crystal and the atomic weight of the silicon used Question: What is the secondary method for determining the Avogadro equilibrium? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What element is typically used to establish Avogadro's formula? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How is unit nucleus volume calculated? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What two factors of knowledge are required to calculate solar volume? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is not available in high quality and purity for the semiconductor industry? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: On October 21, 2008, Apple reported that only 14.21% of total revenue for fiscal quarter 4 of year 2008 came from iPods. At the September 9, 2009 keynote presentation at the Apple Event, Phil Schiller announced total cumulative sales of iPods exceeded 220 million. The continual decline of iPod sales since 2009 has not been a surprising trend for the Apple corporation, as Apple CFO Peter Oppenheimer explained in June 2009: "We expect our traditional MP3 players to decline over time as we cannibalize ourselves with the iPod Touch and the iPhone." Since 2009, the company's iPod sales have continually decreased every financial quarter and in 2013 a new model was not introduced onto the market. Question: Who was Chief Financial Officer of Apple in July of 2009? Answer: Peter Oppenheimer Question: From what year did iPod purchases begin to continuously decline? Answer: 2009 Question: How much revenue did iPod sales account for in Q4 2008? Answer: 14.21% Question: Approximately how many total iPods had been sold by late 2009? Answer: 220 million Question: Which was the first year since iPod's introduction that no new model was released? Answer: 2013
Context: In Mesoamerica, a similar set of events (i.e., crop domestication and sedentary lifestyles) occurred by around 4500 BC, but possibly as early as 11,000–10,000 BC. These cultures are usually not referred to as belonging to the Neolithic; in America different terms are used such as Formative stage instead of mid-late Neolithic, Archaic Era instead of Early Neolithic and Paleo-Indian for the preceding period. The Formative stage is equivalent to the Neolithic Revolution period in Europe, Asia, and Africa. In the Southwestern United States it occurred from 500 to 1200 C.E. when there was a dramatic increase in population and development of large villages supported by agriculture based on dryland farming of maize, and later, beans, squash, and domesticated turkeys. During this period the bow and arrow and ceramic pottery were also introduced. Question: What major trends appeared in Mesoamerica during 4500 BC? Answer: crop domestication and sedentary lifestyles Question: What term is used to describe the mid-late Neolithic era in American education? Answer: Formative stage Question: What term is used to describe the Early Neolithic era in American education? Answer: Archaic Era Question: What hunting weapon was found in the Southwestern US during 500 to 1200 C.E.? Answer: bow and arrow Question: What major trends appeared in Mesoamerica during 11,000 BC? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What term is used to describe the mid-late Neolithic era in Asian education? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What term is used to describe the Early Neolithic era in Asian education? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What hunting weapon was found in the Southwestern US during 1200 to 500 BC? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was there a dramatic increase in turkeys? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The stated objective of most intellectual property law (with the exception of trademarks) is to "Promote progress." By exchanging limited exclusive rights for disclosure of inventions and creative works, society and the patentee/copyright owner mutually benefit, and an incentive is created for inventors and authors to create and disclose their work. Some commentators have noted that the objective of intellectual property legislators and those who support its implementation appears to be "absolute protection". "If some intellectual property is desirable because it encourages innovation, they reason, more is better. The thinking is that creators will not have sufficient incentive to invent unless they are legally entitled to capture the full social value of their inventions". This absolute protection or full value view treats intellectual property as another type of "real" property, typically adopting its law and rhetoric. Other recent developments in intellectual property law, such as the America Invents Act, stress international harmonization. Recently there has also been much debate over the desirability of using intellectual property rights to protect cultural heritage, including intangible ones, as well as over risks of commodification derived from this possibility. The issue still remains open in legal scholarship. Question: What is the stated objective of most intellectual property law? Answer: Promote progress. Question: What do patents create an incentive for inventors to do? Answer: create and disclose their work Question: Which view treats intellectual property as another type of "real" property? Answer: absolute protection or full value Question: Which recent law stresses international harmonization? Answer: America Invents Act Question: What has the stated objective of protecting the inventor? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who do patents keep from disclosing their work? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What new treats intellectual property different than real property? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What recent loss stresses national harmonization? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why is less intellectual property more desirable? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: It is also known as the Wenchuan earthquake (Chinese: 汶川大地震; pinyin: Wènchuān dà dìzhèn; literally: "Great Wenchuan earthquake"), after the location of the earthquake's epicenter, Wenchuan County, Sichuan. The epicenter was 80 kilometres (50 mi) west-northwest of Chengdu, the provincial capital, with a focal depth of 19 km (12 mi). The earthquake was also felt in nearby countries and as far away as both Beijing and Shanghai—1,500 km (930 mi) and 1,700 km (1,060 mi) away—where office buildings swayed with the tremor. Strong aftershocks, some exceeding magnitude 6, continued to hit the area even months after the main quake, causing new casualties and damage. Question: Which far away cities in other countries could feel the earthquake? Answer: Beijing and Shanghai Question: What was the focal depth of the earthquake? Answer: 19 km Question: How long after the earthquake were aftershocks felt? Answer: months after Question: What is another name for the earthquake in Sichuan? Answer: the Wenchuan earthquake Question: Where was the epicenter of the earthquake? Answer: Wenchuan County, Sichuan Question: How far was it from Chengdu? Answer: 80 kilometres Question: What was the focal depth of the quake? Answer: 19 km
Context: The decidedly anti-Aristotelian and anti-clerical music theorist Vincenzo Galilei (ca. 1520–1591), father of Galileo and the inventor of monody, made use of the method in successfully solving musical problems, firstly, of tuning such as the relationship of pitch to string tension and mass in stringed instruments, and to volume of air in wind instruments; and secondly to composition, by his various suggestions to composers in his Dialogo della musica antica e moderna (Florence, 1581). The Italian word he used for "experiment" was esperienza. It is known that he was the essential pedagogical influence upon the young Galileo, his eldest son (cf. Coelho, ed. Music and Science in the Age of Galileo Galilei), arguably one of the most influential empiricists in history. Vincenzo, through his tuning research, found the underlying truth at the heart of the misunderstood myth of 'Pythagoras' hammers' (the square of the numbers concerned yielded those musical intervals, not the actual numbers, as believed), and through this and other discoveries that demonstrated the fallibility of traditional authorities, a radically empirical attitude developed, passed on to Galileo, which regarded "experience and demonstration" as the sine qua non of valid rational enquiry. Question: When was Vincenzo Galilei born? Answer: ca. 1520 Question: When did Vincenzo Galilei die? Answer: 1591 Question: Who was Vincenzo Galilei's oldest son? Answer: Galileo Question: What does 'esperienza' mean? Answer: experiment Question: When was Galileo born? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did Galileo die? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who wrote Music and Science in the age of Galileo? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did Vincenzo discover the meaning of Pythagoras' hammers'? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where was Galileo born? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: According to the official Twenty-Four Histories, the History of Ming compiled in 1739 by the subsequent Qing dynasty (1644–1912), the Ming dynasty established the "É-Lì-Sī Army-Civilian Marshal Office" (Chinese: 俄力思軍民元帥府) in western Tibet and installed the "Ü-Tsang Itinerant High Commandery" and "Amdo-Kham Itinerant High Commandery" to administer Kham. The Mingshi states that administrative offices were set up under these high commanderies, including one Itinerant Commandery, three Pacification Commissioner's Offices, six Expedition Commissioner's Offices, four Wanhu offices (myriarchies, in command of 10,000 households each) and seventeen Qianhu offices (chiliarchies, each in command of 1,000 households). Question: What years did the Qing dynasty rule? Answer: 1644–1912 Question: what year was the history of Ming produced? Answer: 1739 Question: What did the Ming dynasty create? Answer: É-Lì-Sī Army-Civilian Marshal Office Question: How many Qianhu offices were there? Answer: seventeen Qianhu offices Question: where was the É-Lì-Sī Army-Civilian Marshal Office established? Answer: western Tibet
Context: For the King's funeral, people dress in elaborate mourning costume, many of them cross-dressing men who carry bouquets of phallic vegetables. In the funeral house, the body of the King is surrounded by an honor guard and weeping concubines, crying over the loss of sexual pleasure brought about by his death. The King's body is carried to the Plaça de la Vila where a satiric eulogy is delivered while the townspeople eat salty grilled sardines with bread and wine, suggesting the symbolic cannibalism of the communion ritual. Finally, amid rockets and explosions, the King's body is burned in a massive pyre. Question: What do people dress in for the King's funeral? Answer: elaborate mourning costume Question: Who carries floral arrangements of penis-like veggies? Answer: cross-dressing men Question: Who weeps around the body of the King? Answer: concubines Question: What type of eulogy is provided for the King? Answer: satiric Question: What ritual suggests symbolic cannibalism? Answer: communion
Context: The Korean War (in South Korean Hangul: 한국전쟁, Hanja: 韓國戰爭, Hanguk Jeonjaeng, "Korean War"; in North Korean Chosungul: 조국해방전쟁, Joguk Haebang Jeonjaeng, "Fatherland Liberation War"; 25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953)[a] was started when North Korea invaded South Korea. The United Nations, with United States as the principal force, came to aid of South Korea. China, along with assistance from Soviet Union, came to aid of North Korea. The war arose from the division of Korea at the end of World War II and from the global tensions of the Cold War that developed immediately afterwards. Question: In what year did the Korean War begin? Answer: 1950 Question: What caused the start of the Korean War? Answer: North Korea invaded South Korea Question: What country was divided at the end of World War II? Answer: Korea Question: Which country aided South Korea during the war? Answer: United States Question: When did the Korean War end? Answer: 27 July 1953
Context: In 1996, Billboard created a new chart called Adult Top 40, which reflects programming on radio stations that exists somewhere between "adult contemporary" music and "pop" music. Although they are sometimes mistaken for each other, the Adult Contemporary chart and the Adult Top 40 chart are separate charts, and songs reaching one chart might not reach the other. In addition, hot AC is another subgenre of radio programming that is distinct from the Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks chart as it exists today, despite the apparent similarity in name. Question: What was the name of the chart created by Billboard in 1996? Answer: Adult Top 40 Question: Adult Top 40 represented a midpoint between what two radio formats? Answer: "adult contemporary" music and "pop" music Question: What chart is the Adult Top 40 chart sometimes confused with? Answer: Adult Contemporary Question: What radio programming genre is sometimes confused with the Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks chart? Answer: hot AC
Context: Having lost the race to the Moon, the USSR decided to concentrate on orbital space stations. During 1969 and 1970, they launched six more Soyuz flights after Soyuz 3, then launched the first space station, the Salyut 1 laboratory designed by Kerim Kerimov, on April 19, 1971. Three days later, the Soyuz 10 crew attempted to dock with it, but failed to achieve a secure enough connection to safely enter the station. The Soyuz 11 crew of Vladislav Volkov, Georgi Dobrovolski and Viktor Patsayev successfully docked on June 7, and completed a record 22-day stay. The crew became the second in-flight space fatality during their reentry on June 30. They were asphyxiated when their spacecraft's cabin lost all pressure, shortly after undocking. The disaster was blamed on a faulty cabin pressure valve, that allowed all the air to vent into space. The crew was not wearing pressure suits and had no chance of survival once the leak occurred. Question: The USSR launched their first space station on what date? Answer: April 19, 1971 Question: Who made up the crew of the Soyuz 11? Answer: Vladislav Volkov, Georgi Dobrovolski and Viktor Patsayev
Context: The Republic of the Congo received full independence from France on August 15, 1960. Fulbert Youlou ruled as the country's first president until labour elements and rival political parties instigated a three-day uprising that ousted him. The Congolese military took charge of the country briefly and installed a civilian provisional government headed by Alphonse Massamba-Débat. Question: On what date was the Congo made fully independent from colonial rule? Answer: August 15, 1960 Question: Who was the first leader of the independent Congo? Answer: Fulbert Youlou Question: Who replaced Youlou? Answer: Alphonse Massamba-Débat Question: Who were responsible for the revolts that ended with Youlou's removal? Answer: labour elements and rival political parties Question: Who took control of the company during the transition from Youlou to Debat? Answer: Congolese military Question: When did the Congo lose independence from colonial rule? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What ousted Alphonse Massamba-Débat from power? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who installed Fulbert Youlou as head of the civilian provisional government? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What took charge of the country for a long time? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did France receive independence from the Republic of Congo? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Ptolemy's family ruled Egypt until the Roman conquest of 30 BC. All the male rulers of the dynasty took the name Ptolemy. Ptolemaic queens, some of whom were the sisters of their husbands, were usually called Cleopatra, Arsinoe or Berenice. The most famous member of the line was the last queen, Cleopatra VII, known for her role in the Roman political battles between Julius Caesar and Pompey, and later between Octavian and Mark Antony. Her suicide at the conquest by Rome marked the end of Ptolemaic rule in Egypt though Hellenistic culture continued to thrive in Egypt throughout the Roman and Byzantine periods until the Muslim conquest. Question: Till what year did Ptolemy's family rule Egypt? Answer: 30 BC Question: All the male rulers of Egypt took what name during the Ptolemy dynasty? Answer: Ptolemy Question: Cleopatra, Arsinoe or Berenice were common names for whom? Answer: Ptolemaic queens Question: Who was the last and most famous queen of the Ptolemy dynasty? Answer: Cleopatra VII Question: How did Cleoptra die? Answer: suicide
Context: Torii Mototada (1539–1600) was a feudal lord in the service of Tokugawa Ieyasu. On the eve of the battle of Sekigahara, he volunteered to remain behind in the doomed Fushimi Castle while his lord advanced to the east. Torii and Tokugawa both agreed that the castle was indefensible. In an act of loyalty to his lord, Torii chose to remain behind, pledging that he and his men would fight to the finish. As was custom, Torii vowed that he would not be taken alive. In a dramatic last stand, the garrison of 2,000 men held out against overwhelming odds for ten days against the massive army of Ishida Mitsunari's 40,000 warriors. In a moving last statement to his son Tadamasa, he wrote: Question: Who did Torii Mototada serve? Answer: Tokugawa Ieyasu Question: When was Torii Mototada born? Answer: 1539 Question: When did Torii Mototada die? Answer: 1600 Question: How many people were in Ishida Mitsunari's army? Answer: 40,000 Question: How many soldiers defended Torii's last stand? Answer: 2,000
Context: In the post-apartheid era, the Constitution of South Africa has declared the country to be a "Non-racial democracy". In an effort to redress past injustices, the ANC government has introduced laws in support of affirmative action policies for Blacks; under these they define "Black" people to include "Africans", "Coloureds" and "Asians". Some affirmative action policies favor "Africans" over "Coloureds" in terms of qualifying for certain benefits. Some South Africans categorized as "African Black" say that "Coloureds" did not suffer as much as they did during apartheid. "Coloured" South Africans are known to discuss their dilemma by saying, "we were not white enough under apartheid, and we are not black enough under the ANC (African National Congress)".[citation needed] Question: What did South Africa's Constitution Declare to be? Answer: a "Non-racial democracy" Question: What laws did they introduce to support blacks? Answer: affirmative action policies Question: Who does the term "black" people include? Answer: "Africans", "Coloureds" and "Asians" Question: Who makes the "Coloured" people feel "Not black enough"? Answer: ANC (African National Congress) Question: Who is favored more under the affirmative action policies? Answer: "Africans
Context: These studies suggest that men and women are different in terms of sexual arousal patterns and that this is also reflected in how their genitals react to sexual stimuli of both genders or even to non-human stimuli. Sexual orientation has many dimensions (attractions, behavior, identity), of which sexual arousal is the only product of sexual attractions which can be measured at present with some degree of physical precision. Thus, the fact that women are aroused by seeing non-human primates having sex does not mean that women's sexual orientation includes this type of sexual interest. Some researchers argue that women's sexual orientation depends less on their patterns of sexual arousal than men's and that other components of sexual orientation (like emotional attachment) must be taken into account when describing women's sexual orientations. In contrast, men's sexual orientations tend to be primarily focused on the physical component of attractions and, thus, their sexual feelings are more exclusively oriented according to sex. Question: What do these studies suggest? Answer: that men and women are different in terms of sexual arousal patterns Question: How is this reflected in the studies? Answer: in how their genitals react to sexual stimuli of both genders or even to non-human stimuli. Question: What are some dimensions of sexual orientation? Answer: attractions, behavior, identity Question: What do mens sexual orientations tend be focused on? Answer: physical component of attractions Question: What do researches believe must be taken into account for women in these studies? Answer: emotional attachment

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