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Miguel Holguín y Figueroa Miguel Holguín y Figueroa, also written as Miguel Holguín de Figueroa, (1516, Cáceres, Kingdom of Spain - after 1576, Tunja, New Kingdom of Granada) was a Spanish conquistador. He took part in the expeditions of conquest of the Chitarero, Motilon, U'wa and Lache peoples led by Nikolaus Federmann. Holguín y Figueroa later settled in Tunja, where he protested the rapacious activities of Hernán Pérez de Quesada, governor of Bogotá. Miguel Holguín y Figueroa was chronicled by Juan Rodríguez Freyle in El Carnero. Biography Miguel Holguín y Figueroa, also written as Holguín de Figueroa, was born in 1516 in Cáceres. He married twice: to Isabel de Cárcamo y Orozco; and Isabel Maldonado de Bohórquez (or Bohórques), widow of Pedro Núñez Cabrera. With Isabel de Cárcamo y Orozco he had two daughters: Inés de Cárcamo and Elvira de Holguín; with Isabel Maldonado de Bohórquez a son and a daughter: Diego Holguín de Figueroa Maldonado de Bohorques and María Maldonado de Holguín. Miguel Holguín y Figueroa was mayor of Tunja for four terms; 1558, 1564, 1572 and 1576. He is named in texts until 1576, while his year of death in Tunja is unknown. See also List of conquistadors in Colombia Spanish conquest of the Muisca El Dorado Spanish conquest of the Chibchan Nations, Hernán Pérez de Quesada Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada, Nikolaus Federmann References Bibliography Further reading Category:1516 births Category:Year of death unknown Category:16th-century Spanish people Category:16th-century explorers Category:Spanish conquistadors Category:Extremaduran conquistadors Category:History of the Muisca Category:History of Colombia Category:Tunja |
Blue pencil Blue pencil may refer to: Blue pencil (editing), a pencil traditionally used by an editor or sub-editor to show corrections to written copy Blue pencil doctrine, a legal concept in common law countries See also George Pirie Thomson, author of the Blue Pencil Admiral - a memoir of the author's experience as British Chief Press Censor during World War II. |
M23 RNA motif The M23 RNA motif is a conserved RNA structure that was discovered by bioinformatics. M23 motif RNAs are found in Clostridia. M23 RNAs are generally located upstream of protein-coding genes, and therefore they might function as cis-regulatory elements. Most M23 RNAs are located upstream of M23 peptidase genes, but one is upstream of a gene whose product is NAD synthetase. However, there were two cases where no downstream gene was located. While these cases had technical explanations not related to biology, it is possible they the technical explanations do not apply, and that the M23 RNA motif functions as a small RNA. An M23 RNA was observed to apparently bind a molecule in yeast extract. However, this putative molecule has not (as of 2018) been identified. References Category:Non-coding RNA |
Crataegus orientalis Crataegus orientalis, known as oriental hawthorn, is a species of hawthorn native to the Mediterranean region, Turkey, Caucasia, Crimea, and western Iran, with fruits that are orange or various shades of red. This species is highly variable. Knud Ib Christensen in his monograph divides it into four subspecies: C. orientalis subsp. orientalis C. orientalis subsp. pojarkovae (Kossych) Byatt has orange fruit. C. orientalis subsp. presliana K.I.Chr. C. orientalis subsp. szovitsii (Pojarkova) K.I.Chr. Uses Culinary uses In Caucasia the fruits are either eaten raw or used to make a type of sweet bread. See also List of hawthorn species with yellow fruit Medicinal use of various Crataegus species References orientalis |
Ray Beltrán Raymundo Beltrán (born July 23, 1981) is a Mexican professional boxer. He is a former WBO lightweight champion. He has challenged three times for the WBO lightweight title, and is a former WBC–NABF lightweight champion. Professional career Born in Los Mochis, Sinaloa, Mexico, Beltrán beat the veteran Moises Pérez to win the WBC Continental Americas Super Featherweight Championship in March 2008. In July 2012, Beltran, trained by Freddie Roach and a sparring partner of Manny Pacquiao, won the WBC NABF Lightweight title in an upset with a majority ten-round decision over the WBC number one lightweight contender Henry Lundy. Before the bout, Lundy had to weigh in four times to make the 135 pound limit. Beltran, in top condition, came forward more aggressively and landed more punches overall by the CompuBox statistics. With the win, Beltran won the opportunity to fight the winner of Antonio DeMarco versus John Molina for the WBC Lightweight title for the title later in 2012. Beltran defeated Ji-Hoon Kim by unanimous decision to retain the NABF lightweight title in December 2012. WBO Lightweight titleholder Ricky Burns' promoter Eddie Hearn announced a title defence against Beltran at the Scottish Exhibition and Conference Centre on September 7, 2013. Beltran knocked down Burns in the 8th round. The bout ended in a controversial split-decision draw. Many observers believed Beltran had clearly won, Burns fought on from as early as the second round with a broken Jaw and the draw was awarded. Burns then granted Beltran a rematch but boxing bosses cancelled the proposed rematch instead favoring a bout with the undefeated Terrance Crawford to be Burns next opponent. Beltran has since been critical of the Scot despite being granted a rematch claiming that he "whooped" Burns and "beat him clear". Professional boxing record References External links Category:Sportspeople from Los Mochis Category:Boxers from Sinaloa Category:Welterweight boxers Category:1981 births Category:Living people Category:Mexican male boxers Category:Doping cases in boxing |
Hugo von Seeliger Hugo von Seeliger (23 September 1849 – 2 December 1924), also known as Hugo Hans Ritter von Seeliger, was a German astronomer, often considered the most important astronomer of his day. He was born in Biala, completed high school in Teschen in 1867, and studied at the Universities of Heidelberg and Leipzig. He earned a doctorate in astronomy in 1872 from the latter, studying under Carl Christian Bruhns. He was on the staff of the University of Bonn Observatory until 1877, as an assistant to Friedrich Wilhelm Argelander. In 1874, he directed the German expedition to the Auckland Islands to observe the transit of Venus. In 1881, he became the Director of the Gotha Observatory, and in 1882 became a Professor of Astronomy and Director of the Observatory at the University of Munich, which post he held until his death. His students included Hans Kienle, Ernst Anding, Julius Bauschinger, Paul ten Bruggencate, Gustav Herglotz, Richard Schorr, and especially Karl Schwarzschild, who earned a doctorate under him in 1898, and acknowledged Seeliger's influence in speeches throughout his career. Seeliger was elected an Associate of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1892, and President of the Astronomische Gesellschaft from 1897 to 1921. He received numerous honours and medals, including knighthood (Ritter), between 1896 and 1917. His contributions to astronomy include an explanation of the anomalous motion of the perihelion of Mercury (later one of the main tests of general relativity), a theory of nova coming from the collision of a star with a cloud of gas, and his confirmation of James Clerk Maxwell's theories of the composition of the rings of Saturn by studying variations in their albedo. He is also the discoverer of an apparent paradox in Newton's gravitational law, known as Seeliger's Paradox. However his main interest was in the stellar statistics of the Bonner Durchmusterung and Bonn section of the Astronomische Gesellschaft star catalogues, and in the conclusions these led about the structure of the universe. Seeliger's views on the dimensions of our galaxy were consistent with Jacobus Kapteyn's later studies. He continued his work until his death, on 2 December 1924, aged 75. The asteroid 892 Seeligeria and the lunar crater Seeliger were named in his honour. The brightening of Saturn's rings at opposition is known as the Seeliger Effect, to acknowledge his pioneering research in this field. Minor planet 251 Sophia is named after his wife, Sophia. Students His PhD students were (after http://genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/id.php?id=61848) : Julius Bauschinger, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 1884 Ernst Anding, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 1888 Richard Schorr, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 1889 Karl Oertel, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 1890 Oscar Hecker, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 1891 Adalbert Bock, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 1892 George Myers, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 1896 Karl Schwarzschild, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München 1897 Lucian Grabowski, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 1900 Gustav Herglotz, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 1900 Emil Silbernagel, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 1905 Ernst Zapp, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 1907 Kasimir Jantzen, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 1912 Wilhelm Keil, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 1918 Friedrich Burmeister, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 1919 Gustav Schnauder, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 1921 Walter Sametinger, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 1924 References Freddy Litten:Hugo von Seeliger -- Kurzbiographie Short biography (in German). Obituary: Professor Hugo von Seeliger Scan from "The Observatory", Vol. 48, p. 77-77 (1925), presented by Smithsonian/NASA ADS Astronomy Abstract Service "#1:SE" Category:1849 births Category:1924 deaths Category:People from Biała Category:People from Austrian Silesia Category:19th-century German people Category:20th-century German people Category:19th-century astronomers Category:20th-century astronomers Category:German astronomers Category:Austrian astronomers Category:Bavarian nobility Category:Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich faculty Category:Members of the Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art Category:Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class) Category:German people of Austrian descent Category:Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences |
Boxing at the 1980 Summer Olympics – Welterweight The welterweight boxing competition at the 1980 Olympic Games in Moscow was held from 22 July to 2 August at the Olympiysky Sports Complex. 29 boxers from 29 nations competed. Schedule Results Finals Top half Bottom half References Category:Boxing at the 1980 Summer Olympics |
Refinement (computing) Refinement is a generic term of computer science that encompasses various approaches for producing correct computer programs and simplifying existing programs to enable their formal verification. Program refinement In formal methods, program refinement is the verifiable transformation of an abstract (high-level) formal specification into a concrete (low-level) executable program. Stepwise refinement allows this process to be done in stages. Logically, refinement normally involves implication, but there can be additional complications. The progressive just-in-time preparation of the product backlog (requirements list) in agile software development approaches, such as Scrum, is also commonly described as refinement. Data refinement Data refinement is used to convert an abstract data model (in terms of sets for example) into implementable data structures (such as arrays). Operation refinement converts a specification of an operation on a system into an implementable program (e.g., a procedure). The postcondition can be strengthened and/or the precondition weakened in this process. This reduces any nondeterminism in the specification, typically to a completely deterministic implementation. For example, x ∈ {1,2,3} (where x is the value of the variable x after an operation) could be refined to x ∈ {1,2}, then x ∈ {1}, and implemented as x := 1. Implementations of x := 2 and x := 3 would be equally acceptable in this case, using a different route for the refinement. However, we must be careful not to refine to x ∈ {} (equivalent to false) since this is unimplementable; it is impossible to select a member from the empty set. The term reification is also sometimes used (coined by Cliff Jones). Retrenchment is an alternative technique when formal refinement is not possible. The opposite of refinement is abstraction. Refinement calculus Refinement calculus is a formal system (inspired from Hoare logic) that promotes program refinement. The FermaT Transformation System is an industrial-strength implementation of refinement. The B-Method is also a formal method that extends refinement calculus with a component language: it has been used in industrial developments. Refinement types In type theory, a refinement type is a type endowed with a predicate which is assumed to hold for any element of the refined type. Refinement types can express preconditions when used as function arguments or postconditions when used as return types: for instance, the type of a function which accepts natural numbers and returns natural numbers greater than 5 may be written as . Refinement types are thus related to behavioral subtyping. References Category:Formal methods Category:Computer programming |
Vierville Vierville may refer to the following communes in France: Vierville-sur-Mer, location of Omaha Beach, a 1944 D-Day landing spot, in Normandy Vierville, Manche, also in Normandy Vierville, Eure-et-Loir See also Verville (disambiguation) |
Lisa Freeman Lisa Freeman (born July 28, 1957) is an American author and actress best known for her young adult surf fiction novel Honey Girl. Life and career Lisa Freeman was born in Los Angeles and grew up in coastal communities between Los Angeles and Hawaii, where her father Leonard Freeman created and produced the iconic TV series, Hawaii Five-O. Freeman embarked in an acting career after graduating from Palisades High School. She was a student of Jeff Corey, Mary Carver, Joanne Baron, and a member of the Harvey Lembeck Comedic Workshop. Freeman performed at The Comedy Store in West Hollywood and appeared regularly on the Rick Dees in the Morning radio show. Freeman's most notable film credits include Mr. Mom, Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter, Back to the Future and Back to the Future Part II. In 1980, she made her acting and TV debut on an episode of Knots Landing. Freeman landed her first TV role in the series In Trouble, co-starring with Nancy Cartwright and Deena Freeman (no relation). Freeman was also part of the L.A. underground spoken word scene and was produced by Harvey Kubernick. Her albums include Hollyword, Neighborhood Rhythms, and her solo effort, Rough Road, all produced on New Alliance Records. After more than a decade in front of the camera, Freeman left acting to pursue academia and a writing career. She began working with Kate Braverman in 1990 at the L.A. Writers Workshop, which soon led to academic studies at Antioch University, where she earned her BA and MFA in Fiction and Pedagogy in the Art of Writing. Freeman currently serves on the National Leadership Council’s Board of Directors for the Native Arts and Cultures Foundation. Filmography Publications Spoken Word CDs Illustrations References External links Category:American women writers Category:Antioch University alumni Category:Living people Category:1957 births Category:American film actresses Category:American television actresses |
Interstate 99 Interstate 99 (I-99) is an Interstate Highway in the United States with two segments: one located in central Pennsylvania, and the other in southern New York. The southern terminus of the route is near exit 146 of the Pennsylvania Turnpike (I-70 and I-76) north of Bedford, where the road continues south as U.S. Route 220 (US 220). The northern terminus of the Pennsylvania segment is near exit 161 of I-80 near Bellefonte. The New York segment follows US 15 from the Pennsylvania–New York border to an interchange with I-86 in Corning. Within Pennsylvania, I-99 passes through Altoona and State College—the latter home to Pennsylvania State University—and is entirely concurrent with US 220. Long-term plans call for the two segments of I-99 to be connected using portions of I-80, US 220, and US 15 through Pennsylvania. Unlike most Interstate Highway numbers, which were assigned by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) to fit into a grid, I-99's number was written into Section 332 of the National Highway System Designation Act of 1995 by Bud Shuster, then-chair of the U.S. House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, the bill's sponsor, and the representative of the district through which the highway runs. I-99 violates the AASHTO numbering convention associated with Interstate Highways, as it should lie to the east of I-97 but instead lies east of I-79 and west of I-81. Route description Pennsylvania |- |PA |85.78 |138.05 |- |NY |13.08 |21.05 |- | |98.86 |159.10 |} I-99 begins at an indirect interchange with US 220 and the Pennsylvania Turnpike (I-70 and I-76) north of Bedford. It begins concurrent with US 220, which continues south from the interchange toward the Maryland state line as a two-lane highway known as the Appalachian Thruway. To access the turnpike, drivers are required to use a short segment of US 220 Business. North of the turnpike junction, the limited-access highway becomes the Bud Shuster Highway as it heads through a rural portion of Bedford County. It connects to Pennsylvania Route 56 (PA 56) just west of the Bedford County Airport at exit 3 and PA 869 at exit 7 before crossing into Blair County. Here, it meets PA 164 north of East Freedom at exit 23 prior to entering the Altoona area. In Hollidaysburg, a borough south of the city, I-99 and US 220 connect to US 22 at exit 28, a large modified trumpet interchange. This junction allows travelers to head west towards Ebensburg, Johnstown, and Pittsburgh. The freeway continues to Altoona itself, where it indirectly connects to PA 36 via exit 32. Unlike the original routing of US 220 which goes through the city center, I-99 and US 220 mostly bypass it to the east, connecting to the city via streets leading eastward from the downtown district. At the northern edge of Altoona, PA 764 joins the old alignment of US 220 and parallels I-99 north for toward Bellwood. PA 764 leaves old US 220 about south of Bellwood, however, and terminates at I-99 exit 39. Bellwood itself is served by exit 41, which leads to PA 865. The highway veers northeastward from Bellwood to serve the borough of Tyrone, located at the junction of old US 220 and PA 453. Access to the borough is made by way of exit 48, which serves PA 453. Past Tyrone, I-99 and US 220 head through sparsely populated areas of Blair and Centre Counties. For this reason, only three exits exist between Tyrone and State College: exit 52, serving PA 350 and the small community of Bald Eagle, and exits 61 and |
62, which connect to US 322 and the borough of Port Matilda. Here, US 322 joins I-99 and US 220 and follows them eastward to the State College area. At exit 68 (US 322 Business), I-99 merges into the Mount Nittany Expressway, an older, northerly bypass of State College. I-99, US 220, and US 322 follow the expressway to the Mount Nittany Interchange, a directional T interchange located on the northern fringe of the Pennsylvania State University campus. Beaver Stadium, the home of the Penn State Nittany Lions football team, is visible from I-99 at this point. US 322 continues east through the interchange to follow the Mount Nittany Expressway while I-99 and US 220 split from US 322 and head northeastward toward Pleasant Gap, which I-99 connects to via exit 81 and PA 26. At this point, PA 26 joins the freeway and follows it to Bellefonte, served by exit 83 and PA 550. The southern segment of I-99 ends about later at an intersection with Musser Lane though the divided highway continues northeast to an interchange with I-80, where PA 26 continues north and US 220 joins I-80 east. New York The northern segment of I-99 is entirely concurrent with US 15, and starts at the Pennsylvania-New York border north of Lawrenceville, Pennsylvania. A four-lane freeway through the Steuben County town of Lindley, I-99 crosses through a rock cut, making a large bend to the north and bypassing the hamlet of Presho. The freeway enters a partial cloverleaf interchange with CR 5 (Smith Road). After CR 5, I-99 turns northeast through the town of Erwin, running to the west of the Indian Hills Golf Club. Making a gradual bend further to the northeast, the freeway crosses the Canisteo River and enters the hamlet of Erwins, where it enters a diamond interchange with NY 417 (Addison Road). After NY 417, it then turns alongside Norfolk Southern Railroad's Southern Tier Line (former Erie Railroad main line). Now paralleling the tracks and NY 417, I-99/US 15 crosses through Erwin, entering exit 11, which connects to NY 417 once again, next to Gang Mills Yard, the site of the former Painted Post station. After Gang Mills Yard, I-99 crosses through the Gang Mills section of Erwin, entering a large interchange at the northern end of the neighborhood. Signed exit 12, this interchange serves CR 107 (Robert Dann Drive) via NY 417. After CR 107, I-99 enters a large interchange that utilizes several flyover ramps between I-99, US 15, I-86, and NY 17 (the Southern Tier Expressway). Ramps are also present, connecting to NY 352. This interchange serves as the northern terminus of both I-99 and US 15. History Origins Corridor O of the Appalachian Development Highway System was assigned in 1965, running from Cumberland, Maryland (Corridor E, now I-68) to Bellefonte (I-80) along US 220. The portion in Pennsylvania, from Bedford north to Bald Eagle, was upgraded to a freeway in stages from the 1960s to the 1990s. The first section, from US 30 in Bedford to Pennsylvania Route 56 (PA 56) near Cessna, opened in the latter half of the 1960s. Two more sections—from PA 56 north to modern exit 15 in Blair County and from Charlottsville (exit 45) to Bald Eagle—were completed in the 1970s. The portion between exit 15 and Altoona (exit 33) was finished in the 1980s while the segment between modern exits 33 and 45 was opened by 1997. In 1991, the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) was signed into law. It included a number of High Priority Corridors, one of which—Corridor 9—ran along US 220 |
from Bedford to Williamsport, and then north on US 15 to Corning, New York. The National Highway System Designation Act of 1995 amended ISTEA; among these amendments were that "the portion of the route referred to in subsection (c)(9) [Corridor 9] is designated as Interstate Route I-99." This was the first Interstate Highway number to be written into law rather than to be assigned by AASHTO. The number was specified by Representative Bud Shuster, who said that the standard spur numbering was not "catchy"; instead, I-99 was named after a street car, No. 99, that took people from Shuster's hometown of Glassport to McKeesport. I-99 violates the AASHTO numbering convention associated with Interstate Highways, since it lies east of I-79 but west of I-81. Designation and Bald Eagle Ridge On November 6, 1998, AASHTO formally approved the I-99 designation, which initially extended from the Pennsylvania Turnpike in Bedford to PA 350 in Bald Eagle. In 2002, plans were set in motion to extend I-99 northeast from Bald Eagle to State College via Port Matilda. The extension was fraught with issues, however. The proposed alignment for the highway north to Port Matilda proved to be controversial: while environmentalists called for I-99 to be constructed in the valley below Bald Eagle Ridge, the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT) and valley residents favored a routing that took the freeway above the valley and along the side of the ridge. Farther north, the widening of Skytop, the mountain cut that US 322 uses to traverse Bald Eagle Ridge, resulted in the exposure of acidic pyrite rock in 2003. Work on the segment ceased one year later as PennDOT attempted to stop the flow of acidic runoff from the site. The state remedied the situation by removing of pyrite and replacing it with a mix of limestone and fill, a process that took two years and cost $83 million. With the environmental issues settled, construction resumed on the portion of the freeway south of Skytop Mountain. The section from Bald Eagle to Port Matilda was opened to traffic on December 17, 2007, while the remaining section between Port Matilda and the west end of the Mount Nittany Expressway near State College was completely opened on November 17, 2008. In all, the Bald Eagle–State College section of I-99 cost $631 million to construct. I-99 was extended northeastward to meet I-80 northeast of Bellefonte following the completion of the Bald Eagle–State College segment. The connection was made by way of the pre-existing Mount Nittany Expressway and another, unnamed limited-access highway connecting the State College bypass to the Bellefonte area. The portion of the latter highway north of the PA 26 interchange was originally built in the 1970s as a two-lane freeway connecting Pleasant Gap to I-80. At the time, it was designated solely as PA 26. It was widened to four lanes in 1997. The piece connecting the PA 26 freeway to the Mount Nittany Expressway was completed in 2002. US 220 was rerouted via US 322 and the new road, and the old alignment of US 220 north of US 322 was designated US 220 Alternate on May 30, 2003. On June 27, 2014, New York Governor Andrew Cuomo announced that the interstate-grade US 15 freeway from the Pennsylvania border to I-86 in Corning was officially signed as I-99. Future Though there is no specific date for completion, long-term plans call for I-99 to be extended northeastward along US 220 from Bellefonte to Williamsport and northward along US 15 from Williamsport to the New York border. Signs have been erected along the present US 220 and |
US 15 between Bellefonte and Corning—much of which are built to Interstate Highway standards—marking the route as the "Future I-99 Corridor". Some of this section of road has also received exit number designations. The entirety of US 15 north of Williamsport is a limited-access highway. During a 2002 task force meeting for I-99, it was suggested that I-390, which extends north from I-86 west of the I-86/I-99 junction near Corning and which crosses I-90 and terminates in the greater Rochester metropolitan area, be redesignated as I-99 once the I-80 to I-86 portion of that route is completed. The idea posits that I-390 is a logical extension of the I-99 corridor because I-99's predecessor, U.S. Route 15, originally extended to Rochester. No official moves to accomplish this have been forwarded, however. PennDOT has plans to build a high-speed interchange connecting I-99 to I-80 near Bellefonte. The new interchange will eliminate local access between PA 26 (Jacksonville Road) and I-80, which will be provided by a new exit to the east. The first phase of the project will build the local access interchange between PA 26 and I-80. Bidding on the local access interchange is planned to begin on April 23, 2020 and construction is expected to be finished in December 2021. The local access interchange between PA 26 and I-80 will be funded by a $34 million federal grant. The second phase of the project will make improvements to Jacksonville Road between the new interchange and the junction between I-80 along with building the high-speed interchange between I-80 and I-99. Bidding on the second phase is planned to begin in March 2022, with the improvements to Jacksonville Road to be finished by December 2023 and the high-speed interchange to be completed by December 2025. Exit list See also References External links Interstate 99 at Pennsylvania Highways 99 Category:Interstate Highways in Pennsylvania Category:Interstate Highways in New York (state) Interstate 99 Interstate 99 Category:Transportation in Bedford County, Pennsylvania Category:Transportation in Blair County, Pennsylvania Category:Transportation in Centre County, Pennsylvania Category:Transportation in Steuben County, New York |
Moby Dick (Rhine) Moby Dick (Willi de Waal in the Netherlands) was a beluga, or white whale, that caused a sensation in 1966 along the Lower Rhine and then in all of Germany and the Netherlands. It was named after the whale in the novel Moby-Dick by Herman Melville. On May 18, 1965, a few Rhine skippers near Duisburg reported a white whale in the Rhine to the water police. They reacted by first making the mariners take a blood alcohol test, which came up negative: there really was a , 3,500-pound white whale swimming in the Rhine 300 kilometers from the ocean and thousands of kilometers from the natural beluga habitat in arctic waters. Moby Dick had likely been captured on the East Coast of Canada and put on a freighter and sent to a zoo in England. Shortly before landing, a storm in the English channel threw the container with Moby overboard who disappeared, before reappearing months later far up the Rhine river. Wolfgang Gewalt, the director of the Duisburg Zoo, tried to subdue the unusual guest in the Rhine with nets and tranquilizer darts, which led to massive protests from the people and official protests from the Netherlands so that he had to desist. At first Moby Dick turned oceanward again, but stopped in front of a lock to the ocean opened specially for him and swam up the Rhine again, as far as Bonn. Once there he turned around again and was sighted three days later, on the June 16 at 18:42, for the last time after reaching the open ocean at Hoek van Holland. Observers noted that the normally white whale's skin appeared bumpy with dark splotches, apparently altered by the polluted waters of the Rhine river. The Rhine was justifiably characterized as a sewer, since waste water from cities and chemical plants was for the most part poured in unfiltered. There is a suggestion that the appearance of Moby Dick in the Rhine and the effect the polluted water seemed to have on the whale was actually the beginning of the environmental movement in Germany. In fact, around 1966 the first effective environmental protection laws in Germany were adopted. References External links BR Kalenderblatt: "Moby Dick" im Rhein gesichtet, program on the German radio station BR, accessed 8 July 2009. WDR Stichtag: Der Moby Dick vom Rhein, program on the German radio station WDR, accessed 8 July 2009. Category:Individual beluga whales Category:Wayward cetaceans Category:Rhine |
Spofford-Barnes House The Spofford-Barnes House is a historic colonial house at 20 Kelsey Road in Boxford, Massachusetts. The 2.5 story wood frame house was built in 1749 by Paul Pritchard, a leading citizen of town. It was originally built in a saltbox style, but the rear was raised to a full two stories in the 19th century. From 1788 until 1911 the house was in the hands of first the Spofford and then Barnes families. In the 20th century it served for a time as the headquarters of the Kelsey Arboretum. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Essex County, Massachusetts List of the oldest buildings in Massachusetts References Category:Houses in Boxford, Massachusetts Category:Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Essex County, Massachusetts |
KPFM (FM) KPFM (105.5 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a Country music format. Licensed to Mountain Home, Arkansas, United States. The station is currently owned by Mountain Home Radio Station, Inc. References External links Category:Country radio stations in the United States PFM |
PLEKHA7 PLEKHA7 (Pleckstrin homology domain-containing family A member 7) is an adherens junction (AJ) protein, involved in the junction's integrity and stability. History The protein was discovered in Masatoshi Takeichi’s lab while looking for potential binding partners for the N-terminal region of p120-catenin. PLEKHA7 was identified by mass spectrometry in lysates of human intestinal carcinoma (Caco-2) cells in a GST-pull down using N-terminal GST-fusion p120 catenin as bait. It was also independently discovered in Sandra Citi’s group as a protein interacting with globular head domain of the Paracingulin in a yeast two-hybrid screen. PLEKHA7 localizes at epithelial zonular AJs. Structure The structure of PLEKHA7 is characterized by two WW domains followed by a Pleckstrin homology domain (PH) in the N-terminal region. In the C-terminal half, the protein contains three coiled coil (CC) domains and two Proline-rich (Pro) domains. PLEKHA7 has been detected in different isoforms in a tissue specific manner. Two isoforms of 135 kDa and 145 kDa have been reported in colon, liver, lung, eye, pancreas, kidney and heart. Additionally, two major transcripts of 5.5 kb and 6.5 kb have been identified in brain, kidney, liver, small intestine, placenta and lung, while only one PLEKHA7 mRNA transcript of 5.5 kb is identified in heart, brain, colon and skeletal muscle. Protein-protein interactions In vitro interaction studies were pursued to map the interaction(s) of PLEKHA7 with p120Catenin (residues 538-696), Nezha (CAMSAP3) (residues 680-821), paracingulin (residues 620-769) and Afadin (residues 120-374). The protein PDZD11 was identified as a protein interacting through its N-terminal region with the N-terminal WW domain of PLEKHA7, based on 2-hybrid screen and analysis of PLEKHA7 immunoprecipitates Unlike most other AJ proteins, but similar to afadin, PLEKHA7 is exclusively detected in the zonular apical part of AJ, but not in the “puncta adherentia” along lateral membranes of the epithelial cells. Cellular localization and tissue distribution of PLEKHA7 has been confirmed by Immunoelectron microscopy (Immuno-EM) of wild type and knock down intestinal epithelial tissues. Function The first identified function of PLEKHA7 was is to contribute to integrity and stability of the zonula adherens junctions by linking the E-cadherin/p120 complex to the minus ends of microtubules (MTs) through Nezha (CAMSAP3). The PLEKHA7-Nezha- MTs complex allows transport of the KIFC3 (a minus end directed motor) to the AJ. However, in Eph4 cell line, PLEKHA7 is recruited to E-cadherin based AJ by Afadin, independently of p120. PLEKHA7 knockdown studies in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells indicated its requirement for the AJ localization of paracingulin. Furthermore, the PLEKHA7 homolog in zebrafish, Hadp1, is required for proper heart function and morphogenesis in embryo, regulating the intracellular dynamics through the phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase (PIK4) pathway. In 2015, researchers discovered that PLEKHA7 recruits the so-called microprocessor complex (association of Drosha and DGCR8 proteins) to a growth-inhibiting site (apical zonula adherens) in epithelial cells instead of sites at basolateral areas of cell–cell contact containing tyrosine-phosphorylated p120 and active Src. Loss of PLEKHA7 disrupts miRNAs regulation, causing tumorigenic signaling and growth. Restoring normal miRNA levels in tumor cells can reverse that aberrant signaling. In 2015 it was also discovered that PLEKHA7 has a role in controlling susceptibility to Staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin Cells lacking PLEKHA7 are injured by the toxin, but recover after intoxication. Mice knockout for PLEKHA7 are viable and fertile, and when infected with methycillin-resistant S. aureus USA300 LAC strain they show a decreased disease severity in both skin infection and lethal pneumonia, thus identifying PLEKHA7 as a potential nonessential host target to reduce S. aureus virulence during epithelial infections. In 2016, researchers found that PLEKHA7 recruits the small PDZ protein PDZD11 to adherens junctions, thus resulting in the |
stabilisation of nectins at adherens junctions. Knock-out of PLEKHA7 results in the loss of PDZD11 from epithelial adherens junctions, and this is rescued by the introduction of exogenous PLEKHA7. The N-terminal 44 residues of PDZD11 interact with the first WW domain of PLEKHA7. In the absence of either PLEKHA7 or PDZD11, the amount of nectin-3 and nectin-4 detected at junctions is decreased, as well as total nectin levels, through proteasome-mediated degradation. PDZD11 interacts directly with the cytoplasmic PDZ-binding motif of nectins, through its own PDZ domain. Proximity ligation assay shows that PLEKHA7 is associated to nectins in a PDZD11-dependent manner. Nectins are the second major class of transmembrane adhesion molecules at adherens junctions, besides cadherins. Therefore, PLEKHA7lstabilises both cadherins and nectins at AJ. Clinical significance Genome-wide association studies suggest that PLEKHA7 is associated with blood pressure and hypertension and primary angle closure glaucoma. Also, an increased expression of PLEKHA7 in invasive lobular breast cancer has been reported. In a more recent study, the expression of PLEKHA7 protein in high grade ductal breast carcinomas, and lobular breast carcinomas was found to be very low or undetectable by immunofluorescence or immunohistochemistry, despite the detection of PLEKHA7 mRNA A Mayo Clinic study published online in August 2015 found that PLEKHA7 is mis-localized or lost in almost all breast and kidney tumor patient samples examined. References Category:Cell adhesion proteins Category:Transmembrane proteins |
John Grim John Helm Grim (August 9, 1867 – July 28, 1961) was a 19th-century Major League Baseball player. Born in Lebanon, Kentucky, he played 11 seasons in the majors, mainly as a catcher. Career Although he played in two games for the 1888 Philadelphia Quakers, Grim's career really started when he joined the Rochester Broncos of the American Association in 1890. He would play sparingly for the Broncos and the Milwaukee Brewers in 1891. It wasn't until he joined the Louisville Colonels in 1892, that he became the starting catcher. He played three seasons with Louisville, enjoying his best season in 1894 when he batted .298 with 7 home runs and 70 RBIs. Grim played his final five seasons with the Brooklyn Grooms/Bridegrooms/Superbas with moderate success. In 11 seasons, he batted .267, drove in 330 runs and hit 16 home runs. He pitched one game, and even umpired three games. Post career Grim died in Indianapolis, Indiana at the age of 93, and was interred at Crown Hill Cemetery. References Category:1867 births Category:1961 deaths Category:Milwaukee Brewers (AA) players Category:Philadelphia Quakers players Category:Rochester Broncos players Category:Louisville Colonels players Category:Brooklyn Grooms players Category:Brooklyn Bridegrooms players Category:Brooklyn Superbas players Category:19th-century baseball players Category:Major League Baseball catchers Category:Baseball players from Kentucky Category:People from Lebanon, Kentucky Category:Burials at Crown Hill Cemetery Category:Danville Browns players Category:Lima Lushers players Category:Toronto Canucks players Category:Milwaukee Brewers (minor league) players Category:St. Joseph Saints players Category:Minneapolis Millers (baseball) players |
Herb Bergson Herb Bergson is an American politician from Duluth, Minnesota, and former mayor of that city. He lost his bid for re-election in a crowded 12-candidate primary in September 2007. Bergson was elected mayor of Duluth in 2003, taking a two-way race with 57 percent of the vote over local businessman Charlie Bell. He succeeded Gary Doty, who retired from the office after serving three terms. Bergson had also run unsuccessfully for the office in 1999, and went on to win a seat on the Duluth City Council. In December 2005 Bergson pleaded no contest to a drunk driving charge, after crashing a vehicle he was driving into a bridge near Spooner, Wisconsin. Bergson addressed the press on December 15, after suffering from a concussion and other injuries, stating that he does not have an alcohol problem, and "would never drink again". In May 2012 Bergson was arrested for operating a motor vehicle while intoxicated, followed by an arrest in September 2013, which resulted in four charges, including drunk driving and driving with an open container. Bergson is the only mayor of Duluth to have also served two terms as mayor of Superior, Wisconsin, Duluth's Twin Ports sister city across Lake Superior. He had been a police patrolman when he unseated the incumbent mayor in Superior in the late 1980s. After leaving that office, Bergson returned to active duty and served as a police detective in Superior. References See also List of mayors of Duluth, Minnesota Category:Living people Category:American municipal police officers Category:Politicians from Superior, Wisconsin Category:Mayors of places in Wisconsin Category:Mayors of Duluth, Minnesota Category:Minnesota city council members Category:Minnesota Democrats Category:Year of birth missing (living people) |
Eva Perales Eva Perales (born 1973) is a Spanish TV personality. She is a music manager and headhunter, and also organises many live festivals and musical events, both in Spain and overseas. In 2007 and 2008, she was a judge on Factor X, the Spanish version of The X Factor. In 2011, she was also a judge on the eight season of Operación Triunfo. References Category:Living people Category:Spanish record producers Category:1973 births |
Kastriot Berishaj Kastriot Berishaj (born Tahir Veliu on 19 February 1984) is an Albanian politician, author and political analyst. He is leader of the nationalist Movement for United Albania and the author of the book "Platforma për Shqipëri të Bashkuar" (The Platform for United Albania). Political life On 16 July 2016. Berishaj was elected as the president of the Movement for United Albania, following its founding convention held in Pristina. Because of his activities in all of Albanian territories. On 7 August 2016, he has been declared as persona non grata in Serbia. Likewise, on 13 August 2016. He has been banned from entering Greece. Veliu was arrested by the Greek authorities and subsequently deported to the border crossing of Kakavija, as he is considered a threat to Greece, because of his extremist political views on uniting the Albanian and foreign territories into a single Greater Albanian state. On 6 June 2017, he was arrested by the Albanian Police at the Albania-Kosovo border and is currently facing charges of burning foreign flags, igniting national hatred, distribution of unconstitutional printed material, and creation of unconstitutional parties & associations. On 11 July 2017, the court of Tirana, deemed Veliu's Movement for United Albania to be legal according to the constitution of the Republic of Albania, which recognizes the right to national unification as a legitimate and constitutional right. Tahir Veliu considered his full birth name to be an unwanted "imposition" of Turkish culture on Albanians from the Ottoman era and in April 2018, he announced that his name and surname was changed to Kastriot Berishaj. Published titles References External links Profile at Movement for United Albania Category:1984 births Category:Living people Category:Kosovo Albanians Category:People from Glogovac Category:Albanian politicians Category:Albanian nationalists |
Văn Chung Mai Văn Chung, stagename Văn Chung, (Hải Dương, 1914-1984) was a Vietnamese singer-songwriter. He was a posthumous recipient of the Hồ Chí Minh Prize in 2007. References Category:People from Hải Dương Province Category:Vietnamese composers Category:1914 births Category:1984 deaths Category:Ho Chi Minh Prize recipients Category:20th-century composers |
Moynat Moynat is a French luxury fashion company. Their first atelier was opened in Paris in 1849 by trunk-makers Octavie and François Coulembier. They joined forces with Pauline Moynat, a specialist in travel goods, to open the first store of avenue de l’Opera. Moynat was one of the very first leather goods houses of its day. Known for its traditional know-how and skills base in handcrafting made-to-order luggage and travel goods, the house became famous for its designs for the automobiles, as well as for its technical innovations such as making its trunks lighter and waterproof, and for its notable participation in the various World's Fairs. History The meeting of two families The House of Moynat was the result of a meeting between Pauline Moynat, who sold travel goods in the Opera district of Paris, and the Coulembier family, manufacturers from the faubourgs – the inner suburbs to the north of the city. In 1849, the trunk makers opened their first atelier. They then joined forces with Pauline Moynat to open the Moynat boutique in 1869 on what was then the Place du Théâtre Français (now the Place André Malraux) opposite the famous Comédie-Française. The boutique was situated at the heart of Haussmann’s redesigned Paris, and following the construction of the Avenue de l'Opéra in 1876, it took pride of place at nº.1, later to become the oldest shop on the avenue. The Moynat boutique became an institution, staying open continuously for well over a hundred years until 1976. The destiny of the House of Moynat and three generations of Coulembier The collaboration between Pauline Moynat and the family of manufacturers began with François Coulembier, continuing with his sons Jules Ferdinand, Edmond, Louis and Maurice. The house reached the height of its commercial powers under the direction of the founder’s grandsons, profiting from the rise of the automobile to become a design reference in the context of this new mode of transport. The business remained in the hands of the Coulembier family until 1976. The factory In 1907 the Coulembier family began construction on a model-factory at 15, rue Coysevox up at Montmartre. With some 1500m² of space situated in a four-storey building, the factory employed more than 250 workers, most of whom were specialist artisans, who built all the Moynat trunks. For the first time ever in Paris all the specialist skills associated with trunk-making were gathered together in one place. Innovation Moynat patented its first inventions for packaging materials in 1854. The label was the first to use hardened gutta-percha waterproofing to produce its trunks and packing boxes. In 1870, Moynat brought out the wicker trunk, known as the "English trunk" or "Moynat trunk", a lightweight structure consisting of a wicker frame, covered with a varnished canvas and leather trimming. The product weighed a mere two kilos and was highly sought after by travellers wishing to avoid excess baggage fees. In 1889 Jules Coulembier perfected a whole new system of lightweight trunks, followed in 1910 by the invention of an extra-light, unbreakable model. The House of Moynat also produced a series of security mechanisms for its trunks. Moynat and the World’s Fairs Moynat was a regular participant in World's Fairs since the second edition in Paris in 1867. The house also took part in the Exposition universelle in Paris in 1900, Brussels in 1910 and was appointed jury member at the Turin exhibition in 1911, and was awarded two gold medals and two special prizes at Ghent in 1913. However, it was in 1925 that Moynat broke the record at the Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels, |
where its automobile trunks were a great success, awarded a Diplôme d’Honneur by its peers together with a number of gold, silver and bronze medals, a record of achievement that distinguished Moynat as the leading French malletier (trunk maker) of the time. The star-piece of Moynat's contribution to the Exposition Internationale was the red Morocco leather trunk, a rare piece designed by the young artistic director Henri Rapin. The much-admired trunk took away the Diplôme d'Honneur, marking the beginning of a profitable collaboration between artist and trunk-maker. Collaboration with Henri Rapin In 1905, the Moynat began a long lasting collaboration with Henri Rapin, creative director. Rapin designed the logos of the House, the Moynat monogram, illustrated the product catalogues and conceived the models presented at universal and international exhibitions. After the Coulembier Moynat closed its boutique at the Place du Théâtre Français in 1976. Its trunks however continued to travel around the world. The Scholl family bought the rights to the house in the early 1980s for use by its company Malles et Voyages. Orcofi, the Vuitton family's holding company, bought Malles et Voyages in 1989, following the disposal of the bulk of its shares in LVMH. Orcofi's CEO, Vuitton's former President Henry Racamier, had planned to relaunch Moynat as a competitor to Louis Vuitton. However Orcofi was eventually sold to AXA in 1996 and its assets were stripped, thus the ambitious plans to relaunch Moynat never saw the light of day. Products and characteristics Automobile luggage made to order In the 1870s, Moynat continued to pioneer innovations in the design of trunks made to order, notably by offering camphor trunks specially designed to transport furs. From 1900 onwards, Moynat became the indisputable market leader in automobile luggage, for which the house developed a number of patented products including the limousine trunk. In 1928 came the side or lateral sliding trunk, a mechanism that foreshadowed the development of integrated trunks in vehicles from the 1930s onwards. Moynat collaborated with a number of different car designers such as Bugatti, Binder, Voisin, Labourdette and the Mühlbacher House. Lifestyle Beyond its trunks, Moynat went on to produce a wide range of toiletries, small leather goods, together with textile goods, paper products and tableware, creating a whole lifestyle for the house, including products such as pique-nique baskets and hold-alls. Certain collectors view Moynat as one of the most versatile of all French trunk-makers. Colour Moynat offered made-to-measure colours, adapting the coating for each automobile trunk to the exact tone of the vehicle's bodywork. Moynat luggage was varied in pattern and design, ranging from monochrome or beige stipes (1860s/70s), cheques "damier" (from 1880) or the distinctive Moynat monogram (1920s onwards). Of all colors Moynat favored amber in particular. Derived from different tones of leather, this combination of orange with tawny brown was to become one of house's visual codes. The Revival Luxury holding company Luvanis SA bought the rights into Moynat in the late 2000's, developed a revival plan and assigned the brand to Groupe Arnault, LVMH's CEO Bernard Arnault's holding company bought Moynat in 2010. In December 2011, Moynat reopened with a flagship store at 348 rue Saint-Honoré, followed by shops in London in 2014, Hong Kong, Beijing in 2015, Tokyo, New York, Seoul, Taipei in 2016, Singapore in 2017, and Dubai in 2018. See also Au Départ Aux Etats-Unis Goyard Louis Vuitton References Bibliography Bagages en escale, Musée de la Chemiserie et de l'Elégance Masculine Barre Fils, M.A. de la, De la Gutta-Percha et de son application aux dentures artificielles, Victor Masson, 1852 Brunhammer, Yvonne, Catalogue de l’exposition des Porcelaines de Sèvres de |
style Art Déco au musée Teien de Tokyo 1993 Caracalla, Jean-Paul, Le goût du Voyage – Histoire de la Compagnie des Wagons-lits, Flammarion, 2001 Centorame, Bruno (dir.), Autour de la Madeleine. Art, littérature et Société, Paris, Action artistique de la Ville de Paris, 2005 Chapel, Edmond, Le Caoutchouc et la Gutta-Percha, Ed. Marchal et Billiard, 1892 Devauges, Jean-Denys, Le voyage en France : du maître de poste au chef de gare, 1740–1914, Réunion des musées nationaux, 1997 Espanet, Luisa, Valises & Compagnies, Genleman Editeur, 1987 Gregory, Alexis, L'âge d'or dur voyage 1880-1939, Chêne, 1990 Havard, Henry, Dictionnaire de l'ameublement et de la décoration depuis le XIIIe siècle jusqu’à nos jours, Fairault, 1901. Invitation au voyage, catalogue de l'exposition organisé par l'Union Centrale des Ars décoratifs, Paris, musée des Arts décoratifs, 1987 Kjellberg, Pierre, Art Déco, les maîtres du mobilier, le décor des paquebots, Éditions de l'Amateur, Paris, 2004. Labourdette, Jean Henri, Un siècle de carrosserie française, Edita, 1972 Loyer, François (dir.), Autour de l'Opéra. Naissance de la ville moderne, Action artistique de la Ville de Paris, 1995 Rauch, André, Vacances en France de 1830 à nos jours, Hachette Littérature, 2001 Rolland, Jean-Philippe, Kieffer-Rolland, Marie, Restauration des malles de voyage, Eyrolles, 2008 Savary de Brûlons, Jérôme, Dictionnaire universel du commerce, Editions Jacques Estienne, 1723–1730 External links The King of Stealth Fitzroy & Everest My Favorite French Antiques Category:1849 establishments in France Category:Bags (fashion) Category:Clothing brands of France Category:Companies established in 1849 Category:Fashion accessory brands Category:French brands Category:High fashion brands Category:Luggage brands Category:Luggage manufacturers Category:Luxury brands Category:Manufacturing companies based in Paris Category:LVMH |
Iuati Iuati spinithorax is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, the only species in the genus Iuati. References Category:Cerambycini |
Park School for Girls Park School for Girls is a former independent all-girls school situated in Glasgow, Scotland. History The school was founded in 1880 by the Glasgow Girls School Company who appointed the self-taught Georgina Kinnear who was allowed to develop a school as she saw fit. One of the first pupils in the school was Margaret Paulin Young who rose to become Head Girl. She returned to teach and was groomed by Georgina Kinneear to take her place. Young took over and under her leadership it continued to grow developing separate classes for art and science. In 1976 the requirement for girl's schools in the west end of Glasgow was falling and the governors of the school agreed to share finances with two other nearby girls schools. Due to falling roll numbers Park School merged with Laurel Bank school in 1996, creating Laurel Park School. The Park School premises on Lynedoch Street were sold and converted into luxurious flats while Laurel Park School occupied the former Laurel Bank School premises on Lilybank Terrace in Hillhead. Laurel Park School for girls closed in 2002 with pupils transferring to Hutchesons' Grammar School. References External links Category:1880 establishments in Scotland Category:Educational institutions established in 1880 |
Mag+ mag+ is a digital publishing platform to create content for tablets and smartphones. The platform The mag+ digital publishing platform consists of a set of tools: The mag+ Plugin, a plugin to Adobe InDesign CS5 – CC 2019. The mag+ Feature Builder, a HTML-wizard for creating interactive elements. The mag+ Production, a content planning tool. The mag+ Reviewer, an iOS, Android & Kindle Fire app for reviewing the content created on the target device. The mag+ Publish, a web-based app building and app management tool. History In 2009, Bonnier's Research and Development unit started a project to investigate how tablets will change the magazine industry. In April 2010, Popular Science iPad App, created by the project team, was presented by Steve Jobs on stage during the launch of iOS 4 and the company began offering its software. In January 2011, the company Moving Media+ AB was formally founded. In September 2011, the company changed its name to mag+ AB in Sweden and to magplus Inc in the US. The name mag+ has since been used for the software. The name mag+ originate from Magazine and the + character represents an enhanced magazine experience enabled by the interactive multi media possibilities that tablets and smartphones offers, compared to print media. As of June 2015, over 4,500 apps have been built on the mag+ platform. In July 2016, MPS Limited acquired mag+. Owners The company is owned by the publishing services company MPS Limited. Clients Apps based on the platform: Bloomberg Markets British Journal of Photography Chicago Sun-Times I'm Zlatan Investment Week AnyFlip Macworld MAD Magazine Maxim Popular Photography Popular Science PUB Html5 RedEye Symbolia The Next Web Magazine San Francisco Chronicle Slide Html5 Victoria & Albert Museum Web MD References External links Category:Electronic publishing Category:Software companies of Sweden Category:Companies established in 2011 |
Hamstead railway station Hamstead railway station serves the Hamstead, Great Barr and Handsworth Wood areas of Birmingham, England. It is located at the junction of Rocky Lane and Old Walsall Road, Hamstead, at Birmingham's border with the borough of Sandwell. It is situated on the Birmingham-Walsall Line, part of the former Grand Junction Railway, opened in 1837. The station, and all trains serving it, are operated by West Midlands Trains. History The station was opened by the Grand Junction Railway on 4 July 1837, and was named Hamstead and Great Barr; it was renamed Great Barr on 1 May 1875. The station was resited on the opposite side of the road bridge on 25 March 1899; this station, again known as Great Barr, was renamed Hamstead on 6 May 1974. Sidings served the adjacent Hamstead Colliery. Occasionally, such as during Storm Dennis in February 2020, the nearby River Tame overflows and floods the station. Facilities The wooden ticket office is located on the Birmingham New Street-bound platform and is staffed part-time seven days per week. A self-service ticket machine is situated outside this structure for use when the office is closed and for collecting pre-paid tickets. A modern waiting shelter is located on the opposite side, with customer help points, CIS screens and automated announcements on both sides used to offer train running information. Both platforms have step-free access from the street. Services The typical Monday-Saturday daytime service sees two trains per hour in each direction between Walsall and Birmingham New Street (and through towards ). Services are reduced to one train per in the evenings and on Sundays. All trains serving the station are operated by West Midlands Trains. In the case of engineering work on the line (which often occurs on Sundays), Hamstead is usually the last stop for trains to Birmingham from Walsall or the Chase Line. Such services deviate from normal running at Perry Barr North Junction and enter New Street through Soho, merging with the Birmingham to Wolverhampton line just south of Smethwick Rolfe Street. A replacement bus service operates on these days to Hamstead from New Street, calling Duddeston, Aston and Witton beforehand. Nearby Hamstead also serves: Perry Hall Park (west end) Sandwell Valley RSPB Sandwell Valley and is close to the River Tame. References External links Rail Around Birmingham and the West Midlands: Hamstead railway station Railways of Warwickshire entry Category:Railway stations in Birmingham, West Midlands Category:Former London and North Western Railway stations Category:Railway stations opened in 1837 Category:Railway stations closed in 1899 Category:Railway stations opened in 1899 Category:Railway stations served by West Midlands Trains Category:Great Barr |
Timeline of Portland, Oregon The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Portland, Oregon, United States. 19th century 1850 – The Oregonian newspaper begins publication. 1851 Portland incorporated. Hugh O'Bryant becomes mayor. City's first general merchandise store opens, becoming Olds & King in 1878. Portland Public Schools is founded. 1855 – Lone Fir Cemetery established. 1857 – Aaron Meier's mercantile store, predecessor of Meier & Frank, in business. 1860 – Portland Gas Light Company in operation. 1864 – Library Association of Portland founded. 1866 – Oregon Herald newspaper begins publication. 1868 – Population: 6,717. 1871 – City Park established. 1872 – Portland Street Railway horsecars begin operating. 1875 – Good Samaritan Hospital founded. 1880 – Willamette University College of Medicine relocates to Portland. Portland Chamber of Commerce founded. 1881 – Unsightly beggar ordinance effected. 1882 – River View Cemetery established. 1883 – Northern Pacific Railway begins operating. 1885 – Web-Foot Cook Book published. 1886 – Oregon Staats Zeitung newspaper begins publication. 1887 – First Morrison Bridge, the first bridge across the Willamette River in Portland (and predecessor of the current Morrison Bridge), opens. 1888 – Portland Zoo established. 1890 Portland Hotel in business. Population: 46,385. 1891 The first Madison Street Bridge (predecessor of the Hawthorne Bridge) opens Albina and East Portland become part of city. Multnomah Athletic Club founded 1892 – Portland Art Association established. 1893 – Nov. 1: A streetcar plunges into the Willamette River from the Madison Street Bridge, the worst streetcar accident in the city's history 1895 – City Hall built. 1896 – Union Station opens. 1898 – Oregon Historical Society established. 1900 Quarterly of the Oregon Historical Society begins publication. Population: 90,426. 20th century 1900s–1940s 1901 – Columbia University and Hill Military Academy established. 1903 – Olmsted Portland park plan created. 1905 – June 1: Lewis and Clark Centennial Exposition opens. 1907 Portland Rose Festival begins. Portland Mill Strike of 1907 begins in March by lumber mill workers organized by the Industrial Workers of the World. The strike inspired unionization campaigns of bakers and sewer workers in Portland but had been called off by the end of April without winning its demands. 1908 – Reed College founded. 1909 – Audubon Society and Museum Art School founded. 1910 Hawthorne Bridge opens. Population: 207,214. 1912 – Steel Bridge and Globe Theatre open. 1913 – Broadway Bridge and Central Library building open. 1915 – Linnton and St. Johns become part of city. 1916 City Club of Portland established. Flatiron Building constructed. 1917 Interstate Bridge opens. Rose Test Garden established. Portland Public Auditorium opens. 1918- Portland is quarantined for a month, because of the Spanish Flu epidemic. 1919 – Louis' Oyster Bar in business. 1920 – Population: 258,288. 1920s – Pacific International Livestock Exposition facility built. 1921 – Blue Mouse Theatre in business. 1922 Hoyt Arboretum founded. KGW radio begins broadcasting. 1924 Portland Junior Symphony established. Founding of The Grotto (National Sanctuary of our Sorrowful Mother) 1925 – Sellwood Bridge opens. 1926 Second (and current) Burnside Bridge opens. Ross Island Bridge opens. Hollywood Theatre and Temple Beth Israel built. 1927 – Terminal Sales Building constructed. 1928 – Portland Publix Theater and Geller's Theatre open. 1930 – Swan Island Airport built. 1932 – Portland Art Museum building opens. 1938 – Lewis & Clark College active. 1940 – Portland Airport built. 1944 – Oregon Museum of History, Science, and Industry established. 1945 – Urban League branch and Portland Symphonic Choir founded. 1946 – Vanport Extension Center (college) and Portland Children's Museum established. 1948 May 30: Flood destroys the community of Vanport. Forest Park established. 1950s–1990s 1950 – Last |
city streetcar lines (of the pre-MAX and Portland Streetcar era) cease operation. 1951 – The Portland Hotel closes and is torn down. 1952 – KPTV, a UHF station initially, inaugurates television broadcasting in Portland (and Oregon). 1953 – KOIN-TV, city's first VHF television station, begins broadcasting. 1955 – Portland State College established. 1956 Rose City Transit established, taking over mass transit service in Portland. KGW begins its television broadcasting. National College of Naturopathic Medicine established. 1957 – Metropolitan Service District (regional governmental agency) established. 1958 Portland Development Commission formed. Last interurban streetcar lines (until MAX), to Oregon City and Bellrose, cease operating. Portland Zoo Railway begins operating. Third (and current) Morrison Bridge opens. 1959 Oregon Centennial Exposition and International Trade Fair held. Sister city relationship established with Sapporo, Japan. Portland Zoo (now Oregon Zoo) moves to its current site in Washington Park. 1960 Veterans Memorial Coliseum and Lloyd Center open. Population: 372,676; metro 881,961. 1961 – Portland Community College established. 1962 March 15: KATU television begins broadcasting. April 14: Packy is born at the Portland Zoo, the first elephant born in the Western Hemisphere in 44 years. October 12: Windstorm, widely known as the Columbus Day Storm. Cinema 21 in business. 1964 – Christmas flood of 1964 1965 – Pittock Mansion (house museum) opens. 1967 – Portland Japanese Garden opens. 1968 – KJIB and KBOO radio begin broadcasting. 1969 – Tri-Met (Tri-County Metropolitan Transportation District of Oregon) established, replacing Rose City Transit. 1970 – People's Food Co-op founded. 1971 Powell's Books in business. Northwest Film Study Center established. World Forestry Center opens. 1972 April 15: 1972 Portland–Vancouver tornado. First National Bank Tower built. Food Front Cooperative Grocery organized. 1973 January 2: Neil Goldschmidt becomes mayor. November 15: Fremont Bridge opens. 1974 Oregon Health & Science University established. Willamette Week newspaper begins publication. 1975 – Blue Sky Gallery founded. 1977 – Portland Transit Mall and Adventist Medical Center building open. 1978 – Waterfront Park opens. 1979 – Save the Refugees Fund (now Mercy Corps) headquartered in city. 1980 – Frank Ivancie becomes mayor. 1982 Oregon Food Bank active. The Portland Building is constructed. Wieden & Kennedy in business. 1983 U.S. Bancorp Tower built. Sister city relationship established with Guadalajara, Mexico. 1984 Pioneer Courthouse Square opens. KOIN Center built. KKCW radio begin broadcasting 1985 – Bud Clark becomes mayor. 1986 – MAX Light Rail begins operating. 1987 Oregon Vietnam Veterans Memorial opens. Sister city relationships established with Ashkelon, Israel; and Ulsan, South Korea. 1988 Oregon Brewers Festival and Waterfront Blues Festival begin. Sister city relationships established with Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Khabarovsk, USSR; and Suzhou, China. 1989 – Oregon Ballet Theatre formed. 1990 Bicycle Transportation Alliance organized. Population: city 437,319; metro 1,523,741. 1991 – Sister city relationship established with Mutare, Zimbabwe. 1992 – First Portland Farmers Market 1993 – Vera Katz becomes mayor. 1994 – Reading Frenzy and Higgins Restaurant in business. 1995 – Rose Garden Arena opens. 1996 January–February: Willamette Valley Flood of 1996. City website online (approximate date). Earl Blumenauer becomes Oregon's 3rd congressional district representative. Portland Institute for Contemporary Art founded. 1998 The 60-year-old Rodgers variety store chain closes its last three stores. Street Roots begins publication. 1999 Stumptown Coffee in business. Urban Greenspaces Institute founded. 2000 Portland Classical Chinese Garden opens. The Portland Mercury newspaper begins publication. Red and Black Cafe founded. Hip Mama relocates from Oakland, California to Portland. 21st century 2001 Portland Streetcar begins operating. Portland International Airport terminal built. Portland Tribune newspaper begins publication. Eastbank Esplanade dedicated. Portland Indymedia active (approximate date). 2002 Flag of Portland, Oregon design adopted. Willamette Industries taken over by Weyerhaeuser. Pear homeless |
youth nonprofit founded. 2003 Time-Based Art Festival begins. Voodoo Doughnut and Park Kitchen in business. Sister city relationship established with Bologna, Italy. 2004 – Rose Garden arena bankruptcy. 2005 Tom Potter becomes mayor. Velveteria: The Museum of Velvet Paintings established. 2006 Portland Aerial Tram begins operating. The Meier & Frank chain is succeeded by Macy's. 2007 WatershedPDX founded. Ace Hotel in business. 2008 December: Snowstorm brings Portland's heaviest snowfall in 40 years. Bunk Sandwiches in business. 2009 Sam Adams becomes mayor. July: 2009 Pacific Northwest heat wave. Beast restaurant in business. BrainSilo founded. 2010 – Population: city 583,776; metro 2,226,009. Portland Police Bureau Officer James Crooker is asked to leave the city's Red and Black Cafe on the grounds that his uniformed presence made its patrons uncomfortable and was a violation of the cafe's "safer space" policies. 2011 October 6: Occupy Portland begins. Street Books begins operating. Fictional Portlandia (TV series) begins national broadcast. 2012 Suzanne Bonamici becomes Oregon's 1st congressional district representative. Portland befriends the city of Utrecht, Netherlands. 2013 – Charlie Hales becomes mayor. 2015 September 12: Tilikum Crossing, Portland's first new Willamette River bridge since 1973, opens to the public. December: Rain storm. 2016 February 29: New Sellwood Bridge opens, replacing 1925 bridge. July 19: Biketown bicycle-sharing program is established. 2017 – Ted Wheeler becomes mayor. See also History of Portland, Oregon List of mayors of Portland, Oregon National Register of Historic Places listings in Portland, Oregon References Bibliography Published in the 19th century Published in the 20th century 1900s–1960s v.2, v.3 Sayer, James J. "Our City Councils. II. Portland—the Commission Plan." National Municipal Review 13 (1924): 502-7. Maddux, Percy. City on the Willamette: The Story of Portland, Oregon. Portland: Binford & Mort, 1952. 1959 ed. 1962 ed. 1970s–1990s Paul G. Meriam. "Urban Elite in the Far West, Portland, Oregon, 1870–1890." Arizona and the West 18 (1976): 41-52. Gould, Charles F. "Portland Italians, 1880–1920." Oregon Historical Quarterly 77 (1976): 239-60. Paul G. Meriam. "The ‘Other Portland’: A Statistical Note on the Foreign-born, 1860–1910." Oregon Historical Quarterly 80 (1979): 258-68. Toll, William. The Making of an Ethnic Middle Class: Portland Jewry over Four Generations. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1982. Carl Abbott. Portland: Planning, Politics, and Growth in a Twentieth-Century City. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1983. Blackford, Mansell. "The Lost Dream: Businessmen and City Planning in Portland, Oregon, 1903–1914." The Western Historical Quarterly 15 (1984): 39-56. William Toll. "Ethnicity and Stability: The Italians and Jews of South Portland, 1900–1940." Pacific Historical Review 54 (1985): 161-90. E. Kimbark MacColl. Merchants, Money, and Power: The Portland Establishment, 1843–1913. Portland: Georgian Press, 1988. Bigelow, William, and Norman Diamond. "Agitate, Educate, Organize: Portland, 1934." Oregon Historical Quarterly 89 (1988): 5-29. Horowitz, David A. "The Crusade against Chain Stores: Portland's Independent Merchants, 1928–1935." Oregon Historical Quarterly 89 (1988): 340-68. Dodds, Gordon, and Craig Wollner. The Silicon Forest: High Tech in the Portland Area, 1945–1985. Portland: Oregon Historical Society Press, 1990. Wollner, Craig. The City Builders: One Hundred Years of Union Carpentry in Portland, Oregon, 1883–1983. Portland: Oregon Historical Society Press, 1990. Carl Abbott. "Regional City and Network City: Portland and Seattle in the Twentieth Century." Western Historical Quarterly 23 (1992): 293-322. Harvey, Thomas. "Portland, Oregon: Regional City in a Global Economy." Urban Geography 17 (1996): 95-114. William Toll. "Permanent Settlement: Japanese Families in Portland, 1920." Western Historical Quarterly 28 (1997): 19-44. William Toll. "Black Families and Migration to a Multiracial Society: Portland, Oregon, 1900–1924." Journal of American Ethnic History 17 (1998): 38-70. Barker, Neil. "Portland's Works Progress Administration." Oregon Historical Quarterly 101 (2000): 414-41. Published in the 21st century Carl |
Abbott. "Portland: Civic Culture and Civic Opportunity." Oregon Historical Quarterly 102 (2001): 6-21. Pearson, Rudy. "’A Menace to the Neighborhood’: Housing and African Americans in Portland, 1941–1945." Oregon Historical Quarterly 102 (2001): 158-79. Rosenthal, Nicholas G. "Repositioning Indianness: Native American Organizations in Portland, Oregon, 1959–1975." Pacific Historical Review 71 (2002): 415-38. Johnston, Robert. The Radical Middle Class: Populist Democracy and the Question of Capitalism in Progressive Era Portland. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003. ; scholarly history External links Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Portland, various dates. Category:Years in Oregon Portland Category:Portland, Oregon-related lists |
Land of the Damned Land of the Damned is the debut album by American heavy metal/glam metal band Diamond Rexx. It was released by Island Records in 1986, and is the band's sole major label release. It was reissued in 2007 by Crash Music Inc. and in 2008 by Massacre Poland. A video was made for "Wish I Was Rich" . Track listing All tracks by S. St. Lust, Nasti Habits, and Dave Andre, except where noted. "Land of the Damned" – 3:13 (Lust, Habits) "All I Need" – 3:07 (Johnny Cottone, Habits, Lust) "Cuz I Wancha" – 3:13 (Lust, Habits) "Wish I Was Rich" – 3:47 "Don't Start Without Me" – 4:01 (Lust, Habits) "Up and Down" – 3:10 (Lust, Habits) "Rock Gun" – 4:02 "B.A.T.S." – 4:41 "Kick in Your Face" – 3:31 "Life and Death" – 3:18 Personnel The band Nasti Habits – Lead vocals S. St. Lust – Guitar, backing vocals Dave Andre – Guitar, backing vocals Johnny Cottone – Drums, backing vocals Crew Billy Cafero Chris Johnson Billy Johnson Lynn Drake Production Mark Nawara – Producer Roger Heiss – Engineer Roy Montroy – Assistant engineer Denny Nowak – Mixing Larry Bishop – Production assistant References Category:1986 albums Category:Diamond Rexx albums Category:Island Records albums |
Cradley Heath F.C. Cradley Heath F.C. was an English association football club based in Cradley Heath in the Black Country. The club competed in the Birmingham & District League, one of the country's strongest semi-professional leagues, between 1922 and 1961 and won the league championship in the 1925–26, 1930–31 and 1931–32 seasons. The club also competed in the FA Cup on a regular basis. A new Cradley Heath F.C. competed briefly in the Midland Football Combination in the 1990s, and the town is currently represented by Cradley Town of the Midland Football Alliance, but neither has any connection to the original Cradley club. References Category:Defunct football clubs in England Category:Football clubs in the West Midlands (county) |
Torgny Söderberg Sten Torgny Söderberg (born 26 November 1944 in Varberg, Sweden) is a Swedish songwriter. He has worked a lot together with Lena Philipsson and written schlager songs such as "100%", "Kärleken är evig" and "Diggi-loo diggi-ley". "Diggi-loo diggi-ley" won the Swedish Melodifestivalen 1984 and even the Eurovision Song Contest 1984. References Category:Eurovision Song Contest winners Category:Swedish songwriters Category:People from Varberg Category:1944 births Category:Living people |
Magetan Regency Magetan Regency is a regency (kabupaten) of East Java, Indonesia. Within Magetan there is a subdivision also called Magetan. Magetan has a famous lake called Sarangan Lake which is located in the Sarangan District. The chairman of "Jawa Pos Group", a famous newspaper in Indonesia, Dahlan Iskan, was born here, as were Prof. Dr. Samaun Samadikun (ex-Chief LIPI), Charis Suhud (ex-Vice Chief MPR), Cak Lontong (comedian), and the poet Iman Budhi Santosa. Climate Magetan has a tropical climate. Significant rainfall in most of the months of the year, and the short dry season has little effect. This location is classified as Am by Köppen and Geiger. The average annual temperature is 25o C. Within a year the average rainfall is 2045 mm. Climate Data Wind Speed Data Humidity Data Culinary Culinary specialities from Magetan are: Tepo tahu Getuk pisang, made from banana (from Kauman District) Kurmelo, made from orange skin with dates addition Lempeng, snack made from dried rice Famous Locations Mount Lawu Cetho Temple Sarangan Lake, famous lake in East Java Tirtosari Waterfall, near Sarangan Lake Ngancar Waterfall, in Ngerong District Taman Toga (Herbal Medicine Park), in Plaosan District Leather Product's Center, at Sawo Street, famous Leather Production in East Java beside Tanggulangin (Sidoarjo) Military Airport: Lanud Iswahyudi References Book "Apa dan Siapa Magetan", issued by Pemerintah Kabupaten Daerah Tingkat II Magetan, 1987 Category:Regencies of East Java |
Elena Leușteanu Elena Leușteanu-Popescu (later Teodorescu, 4 July 1935 – 16 August 2008) was a Romanian artistic gymnast who competed at the 1956, 1960 and 1964 Olympics. During her career she won three Olympic bronze medals, one world bronze medal and five continental silver medals. She was the first Romanian artistic gymnast to win an individual Olympic medal (in 1956). Early years As a teenager Leușteanu showed talents in handball, athletics, cross-country skiing and gymnastics. In 1949 she won a junior national title in athletics triathlon. In 1953, when she was a member of the national athletics team, she had her best results at 5.14 m in the long jump and 1.43 m in the high jump. In 1951 she also became a member of the national gymnastics team. 1954–1956: world championships and Olympic debut Leușteanu made her debut at the 1954 World Championships in Rome, Italy, where she placed 4th with her team, 5th in the individual combined standings, and was a vault finalist. At the 1956 Melbourne Olympics, Leușteanu led her Romanian team the bronze medal at these games, a first for Romania at any World Championships or Olympics. In the individual combined standings, she tied Olga Tass of Hungary for 4th place, just .100 behind bronze medal position. She qualified for three of the four event finals: vault, where she placed 6th; balance beam, where she placed 6th; and floor exercise, where she became the first Romanian woman to win an individual Olympic gymnastics medal – a bronze. 1957–1960: continued success The first ever European Artistic Gymnastics Championships for women, held in 1957 in Bucharest in her native country of Romania, saw Leușteanu win the silver in the individual all-around competition behind Soviet Larisa Latynina. In the event finals, she collected two more medals in both the uneven bars and floor exercises. In Moscow at the 1958 World Championships, competing as Elena Teodorescu, she helped her team to the bronze medal and placed 17th in the individual combined exercises and was, again, a vault finalist. At the second European Artistic Gymnastics Championships for women, held in 1959 in Krakow, Poland, she repeated her 2nd-place all-around finish and qualified to three of the four event finals where she won silver on the uneven bars as she had at the previous European Championships. At the 1960 Rome Olympics, she buttressed her stronger teammate Sonia Iovan, helping their team to the bronze and she was 11th in the individual combined standings. Later life In Leușteanu's 3rd appearance at the European Championships held in 1961 in Leipzig, East Germany, she placed 6th in the all-around and qualified to two event finals – uneven bars and floor where she placed 4th and 5th, respectively. In 1964 she was a member of the team representing Romania at the Olympic Games. She placed 6th with the team and 20th all around. In 2006, at a celebration commemorating the 100th anniversary of the Romanian Gymnastics Federation, Leușteanu was the first gymnast to be mentioned and honoured and clips of her performance on the uneven bars were presented. She took part in the celebration, ascending to the podium along with other notable Romanian gymnasts of the past such as Nadia Comăneci, Daniela Silivaş, and Lavinia Miloșovici. While her fellow Romanians were at the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics, successfully defending the legacy of Romanian gymnastics she helped to create, Leușteanu died from pancreatic cancer in mid-August 2008 at the age of 73. References External links Gymn-Forum: Results Category:1935 births Category:2008 deaths Category:Romanian female artistic gymnasts Category:Gymnasts at the 1956 Summer Olympics Category:Gymnasts at the 1960 Summer Olympics |
Category:Gymnasts at the 1964 Summer Olympics Category:Olympic bronze medalists for Romania Category:Olympic gymnasts of Romania Category:Medalists at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships Category:Deaths from pancreatic cancer Category:Olympic medalists in gymnastics Category:Medalists at the 1960 Summer Olympics Category:Medalists at the 1956 Summer Olympics |
Massaranduba, Paraíba Massaranduba, Paraíba is a municipality in the state of Paraíba in the Northeast Region of Brazil. See also List of municipalities in Paraíba References Category:Municipalities in Paraíba |
Arhopala dohertyi Arhopala dohertyi is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It was described by George Thomas Bethune-Baker in 1903. It is found in the Indomalayan realm where it is endemic to Celebes. The specific name honours William Doherty. References External links Arhopala Boisduval, 1832 at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved June 3, 2017. Category:Arhopala Category:Butterflies described in 1903 |
Rogelia Cruz Rogelia Cruz Martínez (August 31, 1940 - January 11, 1968) was a Guatemalan beauty queen and left-wing political activist. After she won the 1958 Miss Guatemala title, she joined the Guatemalan Party of Labour and became romantically involved with its leader, Leonardo Castillo Johnson. She was ultimately kidnapped and murdered for her association with the party and Johnson. Biography Early life and pageantry Cruz was born into a middle class family in Guatemala City on August 31, 1940, the daughter of Miguel Ángel Cruz Franco and Blanca Martínez Flores. While born in the Guatemalan capital, her family was originally from Chiquimula. As a young adult, attended the Instituto Normal Central para Señoritas Belén, a secondary school that specializes in training future teachers, and went onto study architecture at the Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala. It was during her time at university that she won the Miss Guatemala pageant. She went onto compete in the Miss Universe pageant, in Long Beach, California, the following year, in 1959, but ultimately lost the title to Akiko Kojima of Japan. Following her success in pageantry, in 1962, Cruz joined a guerrilla front and, in 1965, she was arrested for storing weapons at her family's farm. After being released from prison, she joined the Juventud Patriotica del Trabajo (JPT) and became romantically involved with Leonardo Castillo Johnson, the leader of the Partido Guatemalteco del Trabajo (PGT). Murder Cruz was arrested following a traffic violation but was released after the PGT and Fuerzas Armadas Rebeldes (FAR) made threats towards the judge presiding over her case. Shortly after her release, she was kidnapped and then, on January 11, 1968, her body was found, naked, with signs of torture and sexual assault, at the foot of a bridge near Escuintla. It is believed her relationship with Castillo Johnson was the cause for her murder. Aftermath In retaliation for her murder, the PGT attacked US military personnel, killing two men and wounding a third, and the Guatemalan military subsequently assassinated Castillo Johnson in response. References Category:1940 births Category:1968 deaths Category:Guatemalan activists Category:Guatemalan murder victims Category:Miss Guatemala winners Category:Miss Universe 1959 contestants Category:People murdered in Guatemala Category:Place of birth missing |
Joe Thuney Joseph Thuney ( ; born November 16, 1992) is an American football guard for the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at NC State. College career Thuney played sparingly at NC State during his freshman year. He came into his redshirt sophomore year as the projected starting center but ended up starting the season opener at right tackle, the second game at right guard and the last 10 games at left tackle. In his junior year he started at left guard and at left tackle his senior year. He became the first member of the NC State Wolfpack to be named an All-American since Jim Ritcher in 1979. He was a finalist for the Campbell Trophy, which rewards the best combination of academics, community service, and performance on the field, and he graduated from NC State cum laude in just three years. NFL reporter Matt Verderame claims that when Thuney took the Wonderlic Personnel Test he avoided answering many of the questions so he would not come off as too smart. Professional career New England Patriots Thuney was drafted by the Patriots in the third round of the 2016 NFL Draft with the 78th overall selection, 13 picks before the Patriots drafted his teammate, quarterback Jacoby Brissett. Thuney won the starting left guard spot to start the season and remained the starter for all 16 regular-season games; according to Pro-Football-Reference.com, he played the highest number of snaps of any Patriot in 2016. He also started all three postseason games. On February 5, 2017, Thuney was part of the Patriots team that won Super Bowl LI. In the game, the Patriots defeated the Atlanta Falcons by a score of 34–28 in overtime. The PFWA named Thuney to its 2016 All-Rookie Team at guard. Thuney made it to his second straight Super Bowl when the Patriots defeated the Jacksonville Jaguars in the AFC Championship Game. The Patriots failed to repeat as Super Bowl Champions when they lost 41-33 to the Philadelphia Eagles. Thuney once again started all 16 games at left guard for the Patriots in 2018, and for the third time in his three-year career, the Patriots made it to the Super Bowl. According to Mike Reiss of ESPN, that makes Thuney the first player in NFL history to start in the Super Bowl in each of his first three seasons. The Patriots defeated the Los Angeles Rams 13-3 to win their second Super Bowl in three years. Thuney played every offensive snap for the team and helped contain the Defensive Player of the Year Aaron Donald. References External links North Carolina State Wolfpack bio New England patriots bio Category:1992 births Category:Living people Category:American football offensive linemen Category:NC State Wolfpack football players Category:New England Patriots players Category:People from Centerville, Ohio Category:Players of American football from Ohio Category:Super Bowl champions |
Epic of Bamana Segu Epic of Bamana Segu (or Epic of Bambara Segu) is one of the longest epics recorded in Africa. The epic was composed by Bambara people in the 19th century. The epic reflects on political and military events which occurred during the reign of three rulers of the second dynasty of Segu Bambara State: Ngolo Diarra, his son Monzon Diarra and grandson Da Monzon Diarra. The epic became a part of Bambara oral tradition and was continuously performed by Malian griots. Among prominent performers of the epic was Banzumana Sissoko. The epic was first recorded in the 20th century, first published in French in 1972, and subsequently in English in 1990. References Category:Epic poems Category:History of Mali |
Jörn Rausing Jörn Rausing (born 12 February 1960) is a Swedish heir and businessman, a co-owner of Tetra Laval, the packaging company. Early life Jörn Rausing is the son of Gad Rausing and Birgit Rausing. Career According to Forbes, Rausing has a net worth of $9.1 billion, as of October 2019. As well as Tetra Laval, he owns a share of Ocado, where he is a board director. Personal life Rausing lives in Surrey, England. References Category:1960 births Category:Living people Category:Swedish businesspeople Category:Swedish billionaires Jorn |
Fly Yellow Moon Fly Yellow Moon is the debut solo album from British artist Fyfe Dangerfield, known as the frontman of the band, Guillemots. It was released on 18 January 2010 in the United Kingdom on Polydor Records. "She Needs Me" was released as the lead single in the UK, while "When You Walk in the Room" was released in the U.S. (in the UK it was given away for free on Dangerfield's web site). "Faster Than the Setting Sun" was released as the second UK single. A deluxe edition of the album was released on 17 May 2010 featuring the single version of "Faster Than the Setting Sun", "She's Always a Woman" and two further bonus tracks. Track listing Standard version Deluxe edition References External links Official Fyfe Dangerfield Website Category:2010 debut albums Category:Fyfe Dangerfield albums Category:albums produced by Bernard Butler Category:Polydor Records albums |
ResuRection "ResuRection'" is a song by Russian trance group PPK. It was released in February 2001 as the lead single from their debut album Reload. The song was the first from a Russian act or USSR act to ever enter into UK Singles Chart. It reached number three in the United Kingdom and the song was awarded a Silver certification by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) for sales of over 200,000 copies. Outside the United Kingdom, the song hit the top 10 in Flemish Belgium, Ireland, and the Netherlands, while also charting in Australia, Walloon Belgium and Finland. In the United States, the song peaked at number 26 on the Billboard Dance Club Songs chart. It was a reworking of Eduard Artemiev's theme from the 1979 film Siberiade. Track listing Charts and certifications Weekly charts Year-end charts Certifications References Category:2001 singles Category:2001 songs Category:Universal Records singles Category:Trance songs |
STAR model In statistics, Smooth Transition Autoregressive (STAR) models are typically applied to time series data as an extension of autoregressive models, in order to allow for higher degree of flexibility in model parameters through a smooth transition. Given a time series of data xt, the STAR model is a tool for understanding and, perhaps, predicting future values in this series, assuming that the behaviour of the series changes depending on the value of the transition variable. The transition might depend on the past values of the x series (similar to the SETAR models), or exogenous variables. The model consists of 2 autoregressive (AR) parts linked by the transition function. The model is usually referred to as the STAR(p) models proceeded by the letter describing the transition function (see below) and p is the order of the autoregressive part. Most popular transition function include exponential function and first and second-order logistic functions. They give rise to Logistic STAR (LSTAR) and Exponential STAR (ESTAR) models. Definition AutoRegressive Models Consider a simple AR(p) model for a time series yt where: for i=1,2,...,p are autoregressive coefficients, assumed to be constant over time; stands for white-noise error term with constant variance. written in a following vector form: where: is a column vector of variables; is the vector of parameters :; stands for white-noise error term with constant variance. STAR as an Extension of the AutoRegressive Model STAR models were introduced and comprehensively developed by Kung-sik Chan and Howell Tong in 1986 (esp. p. 187), in which the same acronym was used. It originally stands for Smooth Threshold AutoRegressive. For some background history, see Tong (2011, 2012). The models can be thought of in terms of extension of autoregressive models discussed above, allowing for changes in the model parameters according to the value of weakly exogenous transition variable zt. Defined in this way, STAR model can be presented as follows: where: is a column vector of variables; is the transition function bounded between 0 and 1. Basic Structure They can be understood as two-regime SETAR model with smooth transition between regimes, or as continuum of regimes. In both cases the presence of the transition function is the defining feature of the model as it allows for changes in values of the parameters. Transition Function Three basic transition functions and the name of resulting models are: first order logistic function - results in Logistic STAR (LSTAR) model: exponential function - results in Exponential STAR (ESTAR) model: second order logistic function: See also Characterizations of the exponential function Exponential growth Exponentiation Generalised logistic function Logistic distribution SETAR models References Category:Nonlinear systems Category:Time series models Category:Nonlinear time series analysis |
Agonopterix nyctalopis Agonopterix nyctalopis is a moth of the family Depressariidae. It is found on the Comoros (Grand Comore). This species has a wingspan of 23 mm. The head is ochreous-whitish sprinkled light grey, the forewings whitish-ochreous irregularly strigulated brownish. References Category:Agonopterix Category:Moths described in 1930 Category:Moths of Africa |
Vancouver Fringe Festival The Vancouver Fringe Festival is an annual alternative theatre festival held in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada established in 1985. The event is organized and sponsored by the First Vancouver Theatrespace Society, a volunteer not-for-profit society. The festival is usually staged in September at a number of venues around the city. The most recent festival ran from September 6-16, 2018. History The first Vancouver Fringe Festival was held in 1985. It was centred in Mount Pleasant and held its opening ceremonies in the parking lot of an IGA. The 220 performances were held in seven venues with 4,000 people in attendance—and only 25 volunteers helping out. Anchor venues in Mount Pleasant included the Western Front, Heritage Hall, and later, for the Fringe Bar, the Mount Pleasant Legion. In 1995, the festival relocated to Commercial Drive. The Fringe’s first home on the Drive was above the novelty shop where Havana Restaurant is located today. Known as the Production Palace, it was a hub for staff, volunteers, and others. At that time, the festival introduced "bring your own venue", in which performers stage performances at places other than those provided by the festival organizers. By 2001, the Fringe was primarily centralized on Granville Island. Its opening ceremony that year included a parade around the Island that went against the flow of one way traffic. The 2012 festival saw an improvised musical based on the works of William Shakespeare. Increased professional standards have resulted in the Fringe introducing programs such as its "Dramatic Works Series". The Fringe employs an “everyone is welcome” selection technique—the Mainstage shows are literally drawn out of a hat, giving all artists, from novice to veteran, a chance to participate. Vancouver Fringe Festival Mainstage shows feature some of Vancouver’s best venues including the Revue Stage, Performance Works, and the Waterfront Theatre, all situated on and around Granville Island. The Bring Your Own Venue (BYOV) category allows artists to stage original work in unconventional places. The Fringe strives to break down traditional boundaries and encourage open dialogue between audiences and artists by presenting live un-juried, uncensored theatre in an accessible and informal environment. All artists receive 100% of regular box office revenues generated during the Festival. Theatre Wire Theatre Wire is a new initiative from the Vancouver Fringe Theatre Society, who also produce the Vancouver Fringe Festival. Theatre Wire was created to facilitate connections between all the smaller theatre companies in Vancouver. Theatre Wire is a one-stop shop for independent theatre happenings. In addition to selling tickets and subscriptions to shows, Theatre Wire is also a source for local theatre news, and produces articles about local performing arts history. They are also produced a video series with comedian Sara Bynoe (Say Wha?: Reading of Deliciously Rotten Writing) interviewing Vancouver’s theatre personalities, including theatre critic, Colin Thomas and 2015 Jessie Award winner Cameron Mackenzie (Ray Michal Prize for Most Promising New Director). Funding for Theatre Wire has been provided by the Department of Canadian Heritage, the Vancouver Foundation, and the British Columbia Arts Council. References External links Category:Festivals in Vancouver Category:Fringe festivals in Canada Category:Festivals established in 1985 Category:1985 establishments in British Columbia |
Poyntz Poyntz may refer to: People Poyntz is a family name that has roots in medieval England (see: Feudal barony of Curry Mallet & Manor of Iron Acton) and Ireland. Hugh Poyntz (1877–1955), English soldier and cricketer Juliet Poyntz (1886–1937), American suffragist, feminist, trade unionist and communist Massey Poyntz (1883–1934), English cricketer Nicholas Poyntz (1510–1556), English courtier Sarah Poyntz (born 1926), Irish journalist and author Sydnam Poyntz, 17th-century English soldier William Stephen Poyntz (1770–1840), English politician William Poyntz (high sheriff), 18th-century English High Sheriff of Berkshire Poyntz Tyler (1906–1971), American writer Places Poyntzpass, a village in County Armagh, Northern Ireland Sutton Poyntz (liberty), a liberty in the county of Dorset, England See also Pointz, a surname |
Strawberry Creek (San Bernardino County, California) Strawberry Creek is a stream on the south flank of the San Bernardino Mountains above the city of San Bernardino. It is part of the Warm Creek watershed in San Bernardino, California whose waters flow to the Santa Ana River. Wells under an expired (1988) special use permit from the U.S. Forest Service to Nestlé Waters North America tap into groundwater above Strawberry Creek on the San Bernardino National Forest and bottle it for sale as Arrowhead Mountain Spring Water. History and Controversy Nestle's Strawberry Creek wells lie northeast of an arrowhead-shaped rock formation for which its commercial bottled water is named. Nestle's permit to withdraw water and transfer it across the national forest expired in 1988 although it continues to draw an average of over 62.5 million gallons each year from the groundwater. The U. S. Forest Service is required to and has agreed to conduct an environmental impact review before re-issuing Nestle's water use permit. The National Forest may authorize a permit if it can be shown that the water extraction and transport will not result in a significant adverse effect on the National Forest and the water is in excess to that needed to protect and manage the National Forest. A major controversy has risen in the last 3-4 years regarding water removal and the effects on the stream and its resources. The most severe drought in the area in hundreds of years brought this issue to a head. The wells and the stream are found on the San Bernardino National Forest which is public land owned by all citizens. Nestle, a foreign corporation, claims that they own the water and that the Forest Service has no authority to regulate the take of water. Citizens and environmental groups argue that the State of California owns and regulates the water of the State and that for groundwater, the overlying landowner (Forest Service) has the right to determine the use of groundwater under the National Forest. Citizens also point to the Public Trust Doctrine that the State considers in making their decision on water rights disputes. Another issue is calling the water spring water, naturally coming to the surface as Nestle claims, when citizens believe it is actually groundwater from wells that extend 120-495 feet into the mountain. The California Department of Water Resources and the Forest Service are evaluating the claims. Watershed and course Strawberry Creek arises at just south of Rimforest in the San Bernardino Mountains, and southeast of Strawberry Peak. It flows south for then southwest until it joins East Twin Creek. East Twin Creek is joined by West Twin Creek, the latter draining Waterman Canyon. East Twin Creek is tributary to Warm Creek which is, in turn, tributary to the Santa Ana River, and eventually to the Pacific Ocean. Habitat and Ecology The Santa Ana speckled dace (Rhinichthys osculus ssp.) used Strawberry Creek until the combination of low flows in the 2003 summer drought and the wildfire and floods in November/December of 2003 apparently wiped out the fish. The Santa Ana speckled dace are very rare and threatened by human activities such as water withdrawal, barriers to movement and isolation. The habitat supports many threatened, endangered, and Forest Service Sensitive species. The list includes, least Bell's vireo, southwestern willow flycatcher, two-striped garter snake, California spotted owl, and the southern rubber boa. Plans are being made to reintroduce the Santa Ana speckled dace and mountain yellow legged frog when water conditions are appropriate. The prolonged drought has had a significant effect on streams in southern California and their ability to |
support animal species that require surface water. See also San Bernardino National Forest Santa Ana River California Department of Fish and Wildlife References Category:Rivers of San Bernardino County, California Category:Rivers of Southern California |
2013 AFC Futsal Club Championship qualification The 2013 AFC Futsal Club Championship qualification were held to determine 5 spots to the final tournament. The teams finishing first, second and third in the 2012 AFC Futsal Club Championship, receive automatic byes to the final round. It will between 11 and 24 April 2013. Format Sixteen teams registered in qualifying action for 5 places in the finals. Reigning champions Iran, runners-up Uzbekistan, Japan have direct entry into the tournament proper. The remaining Thirteen team will play in the qualification rounds. The result of the draw for the groups was announced on 13 February 2013. Zone 1 teams will play a round-robin groupstage, with the top two teams qualifying to the semi-finals. The winner of both semi-finals will the prograss to the final tournament as well. Zone 2 will play a round-robin groupstage, with the top two teams qualifying to the semi-finals. A total of three teams from Zone 2 qualifiers will qualify for the finals. Zones West, South and Central Asian (Zone 1) The matches will be played in Panasonic Sports Complex, Shah Alam, Malaysia from April 19 to 24, 2013. Group A Group B Semi-finals Final port ASEAN/East (Zone 2) The matches will be played in Panasonic Sports Complex, Shah Alam, Malaysia from April 11 to 16, 2013. Group A Group B Semi-finals 3rd/4th Placing Final Goal scorers Zone 1 6 goals Amro Mohaseen (Al Sadd) 5 goals Hassan Chaito (Al Sadaka) Mohamed Ibrahim Rashid (Al Sadd) 4 goals Hamzah Muhammad (Al Salmiya) 3 goals Jamil Abdulkarim (Al Wasl) 2 goals Mustafa Bachay Hamzah (Naft Al Wasat) Karrar Mohsin Mohammed (Naft Al Wasat) Predrag Rajić (Al Sadaka) Patrick Vieira Luz (Al Sadd) Yasser Salman (Al Sadaka) Moustafa Serhan (Al Sadaka) Mohamed Ismail Ahmed Ismail (Al Sadd) Flavio Barreto Arantes (Al Sadd) Sidnei Mauricio (Al Salmiya) Naser Alqalaf (Al Salmiya) Salem Almekaimi (Al Salmiya) Angellott Alexander (Al Wasl) 1 goal Ahmad Mollaali (Al Sadd) Ahmed Mahmood (Al Wasl) Rafael Henmi (Al Wasl) Rabie El Kakhi (Al Sadaka) Jean Kouteny (Al Sadaka) Khalil Ahmad (Al Sadd) Kosta Markovic (Al Sadaka) Abdulrahman Alwadi (Al Salmiya) Hossein Niazi (Naft Al Wasat) Farhad Tavakoli (Naft Al Wasat) Kassem Kawsan (Al Sadaka) Marwan Georges (Al Sadaka) Salem Hazem (Al Wasl) Sherzod Jumaev (Dordoi) Erkin Kesha (Dordoi) Firas Mohammed Abed (Naft Al Wasat) Chingiz China (Dordoi) Karim Zeid (Al Sadaka) Omar Abdulraouf (Al Wasl) Bader Ibrahim (Al Wasl) Own goals Marwan Georges (Al Sadaka) Zone 2 8 goals Kritsada Wongkaeo (Chonburi Blue Wave) Suphawut Thueanklang (Chonburi Blue Wave) 6 goals Vahid Shamsaei (Shenzhen Nanling) Danilo (Shenzhen Nanling) 5 goals Apiwat Chaemcharoen (Chonburi Blue Wave) 4 goals Tanakorn Santanaprasit (Chonburi Blue Wave) Kiatiyot Chalarmkhet (Chonburi Blue Wave) Phung Trong Luan (Thai Son Nam) Lu Yue (Shenzhen Nanling) 3 goals Chang Han (Tainan City) Liu Chi-Chao (Tainan City) Zeng Liang (Shenzhen Nanling) Jarrod Basger (Dural Warriors) Inaba Kotaro (Thai Son Nam) 2 goals Pham Thanh Dat (Thai Son Nam) Nguyen Bao Quan (Thai Son Nam) Luu Quynh Toan (Thai Son Nam) Davod Abassi (Pasargad) Gregory Giovenali (Dural Warriors) Lertchai Issarasuwipakorn (Chonburi Blue Wave) Ulit Lassanakarn (Chonburi Blue Wave) Wu, Chun-Ching (Tainan City) Huang Cheng-Tsung (Tainan City) Alberto Riquer Anton (Thai Son Nam) Kuang Xuanpu (Shenzhen Nanling) Xapa (Chonburi Blue Wave) Ahmad Zulfikar (Pelindo) 1 goal Blake Rosier (Dural Warriors) Zach Caruana (Dural Warriors) Adam Bradley (Dural Warriors) Nathan Niski (Dural Warriors) Tobias Seeto (Dural Warriors) Hairul Saleh Ohorella (Pelindo) Hairul Saleh Ohorella (Pelindo) Nattawut Madyalan (Chonburi Blue Wave) Le Quoc Nam (Thai Son Nam) Soroush Zalmoo (Pasargad) Huang Jiafu (Shenzhen Nanling) Own goals Zeng Liang (Shenzhen Nanling), Scored for Pasargad |
(1) Qualifiers The following eight teams will play the final tournament. 2012 tournament Giti Pasand Isfahan (Iranian Futsal Super League (1st)) (Uzbekistan Futsal League (2nd)) Nagoya Oceans (F. League (3rd)) and Host nation East and Southeast Chonburi Blue Wave (1st) Shenzhen Nanling (2nd) Thai Son Nam (3rd) South and Central Asian Al Sadd (1st) Al Sadaka (2nd) See also 2013 AFC Futsal Club Championship References External links qualification qualification Category:International futsal competitions hosted by Malaysia Category:2013 in Malaysian football |
8 Seconds (soundtrack) 8 Seconds is the soundtrack to the movie 8 Seconds. It was released in 1994 by MCA Records. The album peaked at no. 3 on the Billboard Top Country Albums chart. Content Four cuts from the album made the Hot Country Songs charts: McBride & the Ride's "No More Cryin'" at no. 26, David Lee Murphy's "Just Once" at no. 36, Reba McEntire's "If I Had Only Known" at no. 72, and Brooks & Dunn's "Ride 'em High, Ride 'em Low" at no. 73. Of these songs, "If I Had Only Known" previously appeared on McEntire's 1991 album For My Broken Heart, while "Just Once" later appeared on Murphy's debut album Out with a Bang. "Burnin' Up the Road", performed here by John Anderson, was previously the title track to McBride & the Ride's 1991 debut album. Critical reception Scott Neal Wilson of Country Weekly gave the soundtrack a positive review, saying that its sound would "not only appeal to country fans[…]but also to a pop-rock audience pulled in by the movie's inspirational storyline." Giving the album 2 stars out of 5, Jim Ridley of New Country magazine wrote that "While each of the tracks is agreeable in its own right, together they're like a radio station you can't escape. When you hear a good track, you want to hear more from that artist; when you hear a dull track, you have no guarantee the next one won't be as lame." He praised the performances of John Anderson and Brooks & Dunn as the strongest. Track listing Chart performance References Category:1994 soundtracks Category:MCA Records soundtracks Category:Country music soundtracks |
Stenosphenus trispinosus Stenosphenus trispinosus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Bates in 1872. References Category:Elaphidiini Category:Beetles described in 1872 |
USS Pinola USS Pinola may refer to: a 691-ton Unadilla-class screw steam gunboat serving from 1862 to 1865 a Bagaduce-class fleet tug built in 1919 and stricken 1946 a Sotoyomo-class auxiliary fleet tug built in 1944 and transferred to South Korea in 1962 Pinola |
Li Dak-sum Dr Li Dak-sum, GBM, JP (, born 9 October 1920) is a Hong Kong entrepreneur and philanthropist. Li received his Bachelor of Accounting degree from Fudan University in Chungking in 1945. Li is the Chairman of Sharp-Roxy (Hong Kong) Limited, Sharp-Roxy Corporation (Malaysia) SDN. BHD, and The Carlton Group of Hotels. He also serves as the Chairman of various hotel operations in Singapore, Australia, and New Zealand. He was also independent non-executive director of the Television Broadcasts Limited (TVB) from 1995 to 2009, a member of New Asia College's board of trustees, a member of the Court of the University of Hong Kong from 2003 to 2006 and Vice Chairman of the Tung Wah Group of Hospitals. Loyal to his Ningbo roots, Li is the Founding President of the Ningbo Residents Association (Hong Kong), which established two Ning Po Colleges in Hong Kong. Li helped to establish Dr Li Dak Sum Research and Development Fund in Orthopaedic Surgery, and, in 2015, the Dr Li Dak-Sum Research Centre in regenerative medicine, a partnership between the University of Hong Kong and the Karolinska Institutet. Li was appointed a Justice of the Peace in 1977. On 1 July 2015, Li was adwarded the Grand Bauhinia Medal (GBM), the highest honour of the SAR, in recognition of his contributions to the higher education by making significant donations to universities and other education institutes. As of 2019, Li still played an active role in public life, making appearances at the age of 98. References Category:1920 births Category:Living people Category:Chinese hoteliers Category:Hong Kong businesspeople Category:Hong Kong philanthropists Category:Recipients of the Grand Bauhinia Medal |
Stašov Stašov may refer to: Stašov (Svitavy District) Stašov (Beroun District) See also Stasov |
USCGC Winona (WHEC-65) USCGC Winona (WHEC-65) was an Owasco class high endurance cutter built for World War II service with the United States Coast Guard. The war ended before the ship was completed and consequently she did not see wartime service until the Vietnam War. Winona was built by Western Pipe & Steel at the company's San Pedro shipyard. Named after Winona Lake, Indiana, she was commissioned as a patrol gunboat with ID number WPG-65 on 19 April 1946. Her ID was later changed to WHEC-65 (HEC for "High Endurance Cutter" - the "W" signifies a Coast Guard vessel) Peacetime service From 15 August 1946 to 11 September 1947, Winona was stationed at San Pedro, California, and used for law enforcement, ocean station, and search and rescue operations. She was subsequently homeported at Port Angeles, Washington until 31 May 1974. On 17 November 1948, she towed the disabled MV Herald of Morning. On 10 June 1949, she assisted FV Alice B 2 miles off South Amphitrite Point. On 13 February 1950, she towed the disabled MV Edgecombe to Seattle, Washington. On 16 June 1951, she escorted FV Sea Lark to Ketchikan, Alaska. On 18 and 19 March 1952, she assisted the disabled MV Darton until relieved by a commercial tug. From 23 to 25 December 1952, she assisted MV Maple Cove at 48°22’N, 134°26’W. On 13 February 1954, she assisted FV Western Fisherman. On 20 December 1954, she medevaced a crewman from MV General Pope. She patrolled the Gold Cup Races at Seattle, Washington, on 7 August 1955. Winona served on Bering Sea patrol from July to September 1956. She was back performing that same task from 20 July to 21 September 1963. Vietnam War Winona was assigned to Coast Guard Squadron Three, South Vietnam, from 25 January to 17 October 1968. On 1 March the Winona sank a North Vietnamese trawler designated T-A. Return to peacetime duties On 31 January 1969, Winona stood by MV Belmona following a fire 15 miles southwest of Cape Flattery until commercial tugs arrived. On 20 July 1969, she assisted in the operations following the sinking of a barge loaded with diesel fuel near Admiralty Inlet. On 28 October 1970, she provided medical assistance to Urea Maru 300 miles off San Francisco. Decommissioning The ship was decommissioned on 31 May 1974 and was laid-up at the US Coast Guard Base, Alameda, California until she was scrapped in late 1976. Footnotes References See also Action of 1 March 1968 Category:Owasco-class cutters Category:Ships of the United States Coast Guard Category:Vietnam War patrol vessels of the United States Category:Ships built in Los Angeles |
Aurora Bautista Aurora Bautista Zúmel (15 October 1925 – 27 August 2012) was a Spanish film actress. Bautista was born in Valladolid, and died in Madrid, aged 86. Selected filmography 1948 Madness for Love, by Juan de Orduña 1950 Pequeñeces, by Juan de Orduña 1950 Agustina of Aragon, by Juan de Orduña 1953 Condenados, by Manuel Mur Oti 1956 The Cat 1959 El marido, by Nanni Loy and Gianni Puccini 1959 Sonatas, by Juan Antonio Bardem 1963 La Tía Tula, by Miguel Picazo 1968: Uno a uno, sin piedad, by Rafael R. Marchent 1969 Pepa Doncel, by Luis Lucia 1969 Gangster's Law, by Siro Marcellini 1973 A Candle for the Devil, by Eugenio Martín 1985 Extramuros, by Miguel Picazo 1987 Divinas palabras, by José Luis García Sánchez 1988 Amanece, que no es poco, by José Luis Cuerda 1999 Adiós con el corazón, by José Luis García Sánchez References External links Category:1925 births Category:2012 deaths Category:Spanish film actresses Category:People from Valladolid Category:Castilian-Leonese actresses |
Drop set In bodybuilding and weight training, using drop sets (aka dropsets, descending sets, strip sets, the multi-poundage system the stripping method, triple-drops, down the rack, or running the rack) is a technique for continuing an exercise with a lower weight once muscle failure has been achieved at a higher weight. It is most often performed on weight machines because reducing the weight quickly is thought by some to be extremely important, but it can also be performed with dumbbells and other free weights. History The approach of reducing resistance during sets was described in the late 1940s by Henry Atkins, editor of Body Culture magazine, who called it the multi-poundage system. In the 1980s, drop sets formed part of Joe Weider's Weider System. Example While performing a biceps curl, the person lifting the weight would start with a 25 pound dumbbell and do as many repetitions as possible without significantly compromising form. Then a 20-pound weight would be used until exhaustion is reached. One could continue to "drop" down as many times as he or she wishes, but usually the weight is not dropped to below fifty percent of his/her one rep maximum. Variations There are many variations possible while using the same basic concept of reducing the weight used. One way is to do a specified number of repetitions at each weight (without necessarily reaching the point of muscle failure) with an increase in the number of repetitions each time the weight is reduced. The amount or percentage of weight reduced at each step is also one aspect of the method with much variety. A wide drop set method is one in which a large percentage (usually 30% or more) of the starting weight is shed with each weight reduction. A tight drop set would remove anywhere from 10% to 25%. These definitions are somewhat arbitrary, of course, and not everyone will agree on the exact definitions. Effects In adults in their 50s, 12 weeks of drop-set training conducted thrice-weekly can improve muscle mass, muscle strength, muscle endurance and tasks of functionality. Drop set usage can increase the hypertrophic response to resistance training. Some researchers have reported mixed or inconclusive findings. Cautions As it is very easy to "over train" with drop sets , it is highly recommended that no more than one to two drop sets be done per muscle group on any given workout. This technique is also not recommended as a long term regimen. The primary focus on drop setting is to "shock" the muscles by adding stress, thus incentivizing additional hypertrophy. Other names Drop sets and the technique also go by the names breakdowns, burnouts, descending sets, triple-drops (when a total of three different weights are used), down the rack or running the rack (when using dumbbells), up the stack (because with a weight machine, the pin is moved up the stack of plates with each drop in weight), strip sets (when you "strip" weights off the ends of a bar), or the stripping technique (so called because of "stripping" weight plates off with each drop in weight). References External links Drop sets at abcbodybuilding.com Category:Bodybuilding |
Bonsmoulins Bonsmoulins is a commune in the Orne department in northwestern France. Population Heraldry See also Communes of the Orne department References INSEE Category:Communes of Orne |
Eagles Nest Airport (North Carolina) Eagles Nest Airport is a privately owned, public use airport located in Potters Hill, a census-designated place in Duplin County, North Carolina, United States. Facilities Eagles Nest Airport covers an area of 8 acres (3 ha) at an elevation of 115 feet (35 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 13/31 with a turf surface measuring 1,850 by 75 feet (564 x 23 m). References External links Aerial image as of March 1993 from USGS The National Map Category:Airports in North Carolina Category:Buildings and structures in Duplin County, North Carolina |
Klyuchi, Askinsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan Klyuchi () is a rural locality (a selo) in Askinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 170 as of 2010. There are 6 streets. References Category:Rural localities in Bashkortostan |
2020 in Japan Events in the year 2020 in Japan. Incumbents Emperor: Naruhito Prime Minister: Shinzō Abe Events January 8 January: Six of the Japanese films in competition entered the 70th Berlin International Film Festival: AI A.M.O.K. by Yu Irie, Wotakoi by Yuichi Fukuda, Good-Bye! by Izuru Narushima, Howling Village by Takashi Shimizu, Red by Yukiko Mishima, and Stolen Identity 2 by Hideo Nakata. 11 January: A volcano erupts on Kuchinoerabu-jima in Kagoshima Prefecture; A volcano in southwestern Japan erupted Saturday, the JMA said, but there were no immediate reports of injuries. 15 January: 2020 coronavirus outbreak in Japan – The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare reported a confirmed case of novel-coronavirus. It marked the second exported case of the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak and the first in Japan. The patient was discharged from the hospital and the Japanese Government has scaled up a whole-of-government coordination mechanism. 16 January: Disney's 20th Century Studios, Avex Group, and Sega Group Corporation announces a musical comedy film, Pete and Tatsuya's Choni-Ventures, will be directed by Rob Marshall and produced by Shawn Levy, after live-action adaptation of The Little Mermaid happened here. Part of the Japan–United States relations. 22 January: Opposition parties lay into Abe over scandals and Mideast dispatch, A controversial taxpayer-funded LDP party, the scandal over the legalization of casinos and a possibly dangerous dispatch of a JMSDF unit to the Middle East amid high tensions over Tehran’s nuclear program. 28 January: 2020 coronavirus outbreak in Japan – Japan reports first domestic transmission of coronavirus, one of the new cases was that of a bus driver who had driven two groups of Chinese tourists visiting Japan from Wuhan earlier this month. February 1 February: 2020 coronavirus outbreak in Japan – Amid coronavirus fears, Tokyo Olympic organizers try to dampen cancellation rumors. Wuhan coronavirus can be transmitted between humans, posing tougher challenges for the Tokyo organizers to counteract the infectious disease and host a safe and secure games, during China travel ban, 3 years after the Executive Order 13769 (part of the Trump travel ban). 5 February: According to the NPA, 18-year-old woman dies after small landslide in Kanagawa, A teenager was killed Wednesday morning when she was struck by a small landslide while walking through a residential area in the city of Zushi, Kanagawa Prefecture, local police said. 6 February: 2020 coronavirus outbreak in Japan – Prime Minister Shinzo Abe stated that the 2020 Summer Olympics would not be postponed due to coronavirus outbreak. Prior to the JAEPO 2020, Square Enix and Ubisoft employees who called pro-British or pro-European factions for role-playing video games, but Konami and Sega employees who called pro-American factions for rhythm games. 7 February: During the JAEPO 2020 and a week prior to Sonic the Hedgehogs release (directed by Jeff Fowler for original shoots and Jonathan Liebesman for extended reshoots with Dan Lin), Sega Holdings Co., Ltd. will be renamed Sega Group Corporation on April 1, 5 years after restructuring, but Pete and Tatsuya's Choni-Ventures gets August 2022 release, Harris Dickinson, Tom Holland, Lucas Till, Emily Blunt, August Diehl, and Omar Sy joined the casts. 8 February: South Koreans least trusting of Japan among six nations surveyed, The proportion of people who trust Japan is lowest in South Korea among six countries covered by a Japanese think tank survey released on Saturday since the 2019 Japan–South Korea trade dispute. 12 February: Granblue Fantasy Versus vs. Persona 5 Scramble votes, under a parliamentary votes in the National Diet by Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, 5 days after JAEPO 2020, like parliamentary votes on Brexit in the United Kingdom. 13 February: |
Noriyuki Makihara was arrested for alleged illegal stimulant possession, as police found 0.083 gram of stimulant at his condominium in Tokyo’s Minato Ward in April 2018. Japan announced that a woman in her eighties outside of Tokyo has died in Kanagawa Prefecture. Two taxi drivers also were tested positive. 16 February: Shinzo Abe sees Cabinet approval rating log sharpest fall in two years, The approval rating for Prime Minister Shinzo Abe's Cabinet has fallen to 41.0 percent, a Kyodo News survey showed Sunday, dropping 8.3 points from the previous poll in January and marking the sharpest fall in nearly two years amid ongoing political scandals, after the parliamentary votes. 20 February: 2020 coronavirus outbreak in Japan – Minister of the Environment Shinjirō Koizumi says he regrets skipping COVID-19 meeting, on the coronavirus outbreak in favor of a new year party held by a group of his supporters in his hometown. 23 February: The Emperor's Birthday for the first time in the Reiwa era, but cancelled due to coronavirus outbreak and racist relations. 26 February: 2020 coronavirus outbreak in Japan – Prime Minister Shinzo Abe called for sports and cultural events to be stopped for two weeks. This comes after Japan confirmed its second local death, amid concerns the 2020 Tokyo Olympics could be cancelled. Hokkaido will close schools from February 27 to March 4, while Tokyo allowed schools to start some classes later. 27 February: 2020 coronavirus outbreak in Japan – On 27 February, Shinzo Abe asked for schools to close across the country to slow the spread of the virus. The duration of the closure he asked schools to adopt were from March 2 until the end of spring vacations, which usually conclude in early April. IOC President Thomas Bach told Japanese media in a conference call that the IOC "is fully committed to a successful Olympic Games in Tokyo starting July 24." Due to a coronavirus outbreak. March 1 March: The Tokyo Marathon, due to take place on March 1, will be restricted to elite runners and wheelchair athletes. Initially, it was expected that 38,000 people would take part but with this change the number will be reduced to 206 participants. Scheduled events 8 March: The JR Central will replacing Tōkaidō Shinkansen's 700 Series Shinkansen to a new N700 Series Shinkansen for the 2020 Summer Olympics and the Paralympics, since its opening during the 1964 Summer Olympics. 11 March: The 9th anniversary of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami by the Reconstruction Agency. 19 April: The Ceremony for Proclamation of Crown Prince Fumihito at the Tokyo Imperial Palace. 24 July – 9 August: The 2020 Summer Olympics are held in Tokyo. 25 August – 6 September: The 2020 Summer Paralympics are held in Tokyo. September: The 2020 Tokyo Game Show will be held at Makuhari Messe, included the approval of MHDU's Chunithm-style Project, for the post-coronavirus outbreak rules by the Japanese and US governments towards 2020 United States presidential election on November 3. Arts and entertainment 2020 in anime 2020 in Japanese music 2020 in Japanese television List of 2020 box office number-one films in Japan List of Japanese films of 2020 Sports The 2020 Summer Olympics and the 2020 Summer Paralympics' will be held in Tokyo from July to September. Deaths January January 1 – Katsura Shinnosuke, musician (b. 1953) January 4 – Junko Hirotani, musician and singer (b. 1956) January 11 – Kazuo Sakurada, professional wrestler (b. 1948) January 15 – Kotaro Suzumura, economist (b. 1944) January 17 – Morimichi Takagi, baseball player and manager (b. 1941) January 19 – Shin Kyuk-ho, a.k.a. Takeo Shigemitsu, Japanese-Korean |
businessman (b. 1921) January 20 – Joe Shishido, actor (b. 1933) January 21 – Shuchi Kubouchi, chess player (b. 1920) January 30 – Yoshinaga Fujita, novelist (b. 1950) January 31 – Katsumasa Uchida, actor (b. 1944) February February 11 Katsuya Nomura, baseball player and manager (b. 1935) Yasumasa Kanada, mathematician (b. 1949) February 13 Yoshisada Sakaguchi, voice actor (b. 1939) Ai Kidosaki, TV personality and chef (b. 1925) February 21 – Hisashi Katsuta, voice actor (b. 1927) February 25 – Kazuhisa Hashimoto, video game developer (b. 1958) References Category:2020s in Japan Category:Years of the 21st century in Japan Japan Japan |
2013 GT4 European Trophy The 2013 Avon GT4 European Trophy season was the 6th season of the GT4 European Cup. The trophy name was carried out only this season. The season began on 26 May at Silverstone, and finished on 13 October at Zandvoort after five race weekends. Entry list Race calendar and results References External links Category:GT4 European Series GT4 European Trophy GT4 European Trophy |
Ericeira Ericeira () is a civil parish and seaside resort/fishing community on the western coast of Portugal, in the municipality of Mafra, about northwest of the capital, Lisbon. The population in 2011 was 10,260, in an area of 12.05 km². Ericeira is regarded by some as being Europe's Surf Mecca, due to the exceptional coastline conditions for the practice of Surf. It is home for Ericeira's World Surfing Reserve, the first in Europe and the second in the world. Ericeira was a popular summer retreat for many of Lisbon's families in the 1940s and 1950s. Today, it is a popular destination for local and visiting tourists, as well as surfers from around the world (owing to the forty beaches with good conditions in the area). History The region's taxonomic name has a convoluted history. Ericeira is believed to have originated from Ouriceira, itself a derivative of Ouriço, referring to the name for sea urchins (used in the parish's coat-of-arms). One legend suggested that Ericeira was the terra de ouriços (land of ouriços), owing to what was assumed to be an abundance of sea-urchins along the beaches. However, recent investigations, archived in the Museum of the Misericórdia, confirm that the animal mentioned was not an "ouriço", but an "ouriço-caixeiro" (hedgehog), a species associated with the Phoenician goddess Astarte. The ancient settlement presumably dates from the passage and colonization of the Phoenicians. The region's first foral (charter) dates to 1229, when it was issued by friar D. Fernão Rodrigues Monteiro, Master of the Cavalry and the Military Order of São Bento de Avis, which was later reformed by King Manuel, in 1513. Ericeira was an area much frequented for its climatic and seaside comforts. In fact, Charles Lepierre, a chemical engineer referred to Ericeira's beaches as "a focus of the major concentration of iodine in all of the northern Portuguese coast". In 1803, the Bishop of Coimbra took regular baths in Ericeira, and the Royal Family including Queen Maria Pia of Savoy in 1864 also frequented its waters. After the disappearance of King Sebastian of Portugal, during the Battle of Alcácer Quibir, there arose several pretenders to the throne. One of these was the King of Ericeira, a young hermit based in the Chapel of São Julião, south of the village of Ericeira, who passed himself off as Dom Sebastian. He crowned a Queen, distributed handouts and punished his detractors, conceding several noble titles. In the end, he was taken to the guillotine, and his supporters too ended-up on the gallows. At the end of the 19th century, beginning of the 20th century, many of Lisbon's local aristocracy began to build homes in the parish, including the Burnays, Ulriches and Rivottis. The development of the commercial port made Ericeira a fundamental pole of the region's economy. Reports dating from 1834 noted the shipwrecks of 175 boats transporting products to the village, principally cereals (which were then distributed into the interior) while exports, especially wines and spirits, were sent to the Algarve, the islands and other locations. The customshouse in Ericeira supported an area extending from Cascais to Figueira da Foz, and the port was the fourth most important in the country, after Lisbon, Porto and Setúbal. With the construction of the western railway and the development of land transport, the port of Ericeira lost much of its importance. At the end of the 19th century, several warehouses and supply shops for sardine fishers were built, employing 500 men but altering the old fishing characteristics of the site. Ericeira's golden age of prosperity during the 19th century, when the port was the busiest |
in Estremadura. During the Second World War, the region became a refuge for several foreign communities, including pockets of Poles, Germans, French, Belgians and Dutch expatriates fleeing Nazi persecution in their homelands. Ericeira is more famously known for the day that King Manuel II of Portugal went into exile, from the Praia dos Pescadores, after the outbreak of the 5 October 1910 revolution. It was about 3:00 in the afternoon of 5 October 1910, when the 20-year-old monarch, accompanied by Queen Amélie of Orleans and Queen Mother Maria Pia, arrived from Mafra. Arriving by car, escaping from the recent Republican revolution in Lisbon, the king was bound for the royal yacht D. Amélia offshore. The details were later immortalized in 1928 by Júlio Ivo, then president of the municipal council of Mafra (during the presidency of Sidónio Pais, who explained: "...the automobiles stopped and the Royal Family got out, they followed the Rua do Norte to the Rua de Baixo, to the narrow lane that connects the two roads, almost in front of the Travessa da Estrela...On arrival at the Rua de Baixo, the Royal Family went in the following order: at the front, King Manuel; followed by Maria Pia, then Amélia... the King...climbed aboard the boat using crates and baskets of fish...the flagman signalled with his hat, and the first boat, the Bomfim, carrying the blue and white flag on the stern, followed by the rowers, taking the King...the crowds along the coast were immense. Everyone silent, but many with tears running from their eyes...The King was very pallid, Amélia animated, Maria Pia was overwhelmed...The boats had hardly come alongside the yacht, when in the village there appeared, coming from Sintra, a automobile with civil revolutionaries, armed with carbines and bearing bombs, which they later indicated they were prepared to throw at the beach, if they had reached it at the time of the departure...". Its location, near Lisbon, and the development of the roadway network permitted, after the 1950s, a greater migration of summer sun-seekers, which helped to modify the character of the area. Initially a commercial fishing port, Ericeira was transformed into an urban agglomeration dependent on seasonal tourism. The devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary under her title of Our Lady of Good Voyage began in Ericeira. Geography Along its northern border is Coxos Break point, known as one of the best professional surfing areas in Europe, and not an area for beginners. The parish consists of the settlements Bairro Arsénio Amadeu, Calçadinha Preta, Ericeira, Fonte Boa, Fonte Boa dos Nabos, Lapa da Serra, Pinhal de Frades and Seixal. Economy Ericeira is the home to Portugal's first/largest surfing association/club, the Ericeira Surf Clube. Founded in 1993, it developed from the surfing unit of the Ericeira Naval Club, which organized local, regional and national competitions in surf, bodyboard, kneeboard and longboard throughout the years. In addition the Surf Club began a school to train local athletes and visiting tourists who wanted to learn how to surf. Architecture Civic Café Arcada () Casa da Avó Lúcia Ericeira Casino () Estate of the Leitões () Estate of Serrão Francão () Fountain of Cabo () Fountain of Dolphins () Fountain of São Pedro () Fountain of Triton () Park of Santa Marta () Pillory of Ericeira () Hospital of the Misericórdia () Postal, Telegraph and Telephone (CTT) of Ericeira () Primary School of Ericeira () Military Fort of Milreu () Fort of Nossa Senhora da Piedade () Religious Chapel of Santa Mara () Chapel of Santo António () Chapel of São Sebastião () Church of the Misericórdia () Church of |
São Pedro () Culture Ericeira is also keen on its musical culture. The local philharmonic, currently named Filarmónica Cultural Ericeira, has existed since 1849 and pursues a path of success in this villages's musical heritage with a permanent free musical school for all who love this type of culture. Sport The beach of Ribeira d'Ilhas, which routinely hosts a round of the ASP World Tour Surf Championship and is widely regarded as one of the best beaches in Europe for this sport, is located to the north of the town. In 2011, Ericeira was chosen by the WSR to be one of the World Surfing Reserves, together with Malibu and Santa Cruz in California, Manly Beach in Australia, and Huanchaco in Peru. The local council have redeveloped the Ribeira d'Ilhas foreshore to commemorate and show their support for the importance of surfing to the local culture and economy. See also Count of Ericeira References Notes References Category:Populated coastal places in Portugal Category:Parishes of Mafra, Portugal Category:Towns in Portugal |
Silvio Tanzi Silvio Tanzi (1879 – 29 November 1909) was an Italian composer and music critic. He was born in Sassello and died in Milan References Category:19th-century Italian composers Category:20th-century Italian composers Category:Italian music critics Category:1879 births Category:1909 deaths Category:People from the Province of Savona Category:Suicides by firearm Category:Burials at the Cimitero Monumentale di Milano |
March for Our Lives Portland March for Our Lives Portland (officially March for Our Lives Portland, OR) was a protest held in Portland, Oregon, as part of March for Our Lives, a series of rallies and marches in Washington, D.C. and more than 800 cities across the world on March 24, 2018. Students organized the event, which included a march from the North Park Blocks to Pioneer Courthouse Square where a rally featured speakers, a performance by rock band Portugal. The Man, and a surprise appearance by rapper Black Thought of hip hop band The Roots. The protest was the city's largest since the January 2017 Women's March on Portland; the Portland Police Bureau estimated a crowd size of 12,000. Background March for Our Lives was a student-led demonstration in support of a tightening of U.S. gun control laws on March 24, 2018, in Washington, D.C., with more than 800 sibling events throughout the United States and around the world. Student organizers from Never Again MSD planned the march in collaboration with the nonprofit organization Everytown for Gun Safety. The event followed the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting, which many media outlets described as a possible tipping point for gun control legislation. Protesters urged the introduction of universal background checks on gun sales, the raising of the federal minimum age for gun ownership and possession to 21, the closure of the gun show loophole, the restoration of the 1994 Federal Assault Weapons Ban, and a ban on the sale of high-capacity magazines in the U.S. Turnout across the country was estimated at between 1.2 to 2 million people, making it one of the largest protests in American history. Local organizers and planning Local student organizers included: Eliana Andrews; Alyssa Diaz; Zoe Dumm; Alexandria Goddard; Finn Jacobson; Calum Nguyen; Sophie Rupp; Ryan Tran; Kien Truong; Tyler White; and Ellie Younger. According to the Portland Police Bureau, organizers obtained proper permits for the demonstration. The rally was scheduled to start at 10am and end by 2pm. The Portland-based rock band Portugal. The Man contacted organizers and offered to help, and practiced with a local choir prior to the concert. On the event's Facebook page in the lead-up to the event, around 9,000 people indicated plans to attend, and approximately 20,000 people had expressed interest in participating. The Portland Bureau of Transportation planned to close all lanes of West Burnside Street from Broadway to 9th Avenue, as well as Southwest Broadway from Burnside to Yamhill Street, from approximately 10:30am to noon. The agency and event organizers also encouraged attendees and other downtown visitors to use public transit and to expect delays in the vicinity of the march route. The MAX Light Rail stations Pioneer Square South and Pioneer Square North were temporarily closed, and several bus lines had detours for a few hours. Online taxi firm Lyft offered march participants free rides in Portland and 49 other U.S. cities. The route of the march was decided upon by event organizers and police, and plans to have safety monitors present were made. Demonstration Participants gathered at the North Park Blocks and marched to Pioneer Courthouse Square via Burnside and Broadway. The rally began on time; protestors started marching at 10:30am. The march route was less than long and lasted approximately 90 minutes. At Pioneer Courthouse Square, organizers held a moment of silence and rang a bell 17 times to commemorate victims of the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting. Starting around 11:30am, eight local students ranging in age from grades 8 to 12 delivered speeches and performed songs and poems advocating gun control and school |
safety. They encouraged attendees to vote, remain politically active, and hold their politicians accountable. KOIN described the students' speeches as "articulate, informed, engaging and captivating". Portugal. The Man performed "So American", "Feel It Still", and Oasis "Don't Look Back in Anger", and gave a "rousing" performance of Bob Dylan's "The Times They Are a-Changin'" with a choir of students from Vernon Elementary School. Lead singer and guitarist John Gourley said March for Our Lives' mission is nonpartisan. Rapper Black Thought of The Roots made an onstage surprise appearance with the band. The protest was Portland's largest since the Women's March on Portland in January 2017, with more than 10,000 participants. The Portland Police Bureau's Traffic Division estimated 12,000 people attended. Event organizers said there were between 20,000 and 25,000 demonstrators. The Oregonian reported a crowd estimate of 12,000, and noted the presence of all age groups. Willamette Week said "tens of thousands" of people were in attendance and described the crowd as "massive and diverse", consisting of "families, teachers, grandparents and groups of students of all ages". Counter-protestors, including members of Patriot Prayer, were present but the event was peaceful. Suzanne Bonamici and Earl Blumenauer, U.S. representatives for Oregon's 1st and 3rd congressional districts, respectively, participated in the march. Also in attendance were 15 Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School alumni living in Portland and teachers from Umpqua Community College, where nine people were killed in a mass shooting in 2015. See also List of March for Our Lives locations March for Science Portland (2017) References External links via The Oregonian (March 24, 2018) Category:2018 in American politics Category:2018 in Portland, Oregon Category:2018 protests Category:March 2018 events in the United States Category:Protest marches in the United States Category:Protests in Portland, Oregon Category:Stoneman Douglas High School shooting |
Qa (cuneiform) The cuneiform sign qa, is a common-use sign of the Amarna letters, the Epic of Gilgamesh, and other cuneiform texts (for example Hittite texts). It has a secondary sub-use in the Amarna letters for ka4. Linguistically, it has the alphabetical usage in texts for q, a, or qa, and also a replacement for "q", by k, or g. Epic of Gilgamesh usage The qa sign usage in the Epic of Gilgamesh is as follows: qa-(109 times). References Moran, William L. 1987, 1992. The Amarna Letters. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987, 1992. 393 pages.(softcover, ) Parpola, 197l. The Standard Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh, Parpola, Simo, Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, c 1997, Tablet I thru Tablet XII, Index of Names, Sign List, and Glossary-(pp. 119–145), 165 pages. Category:Akkadian language Category:Cuneiform signs, Amarna letters |
Francis Hutchinson (priest) Francis Hutchinson (1703–1768) was an Anglican priest in Ireland during the 18th century. Hutchinson was born in County Down and educated at Trinity College, Dublin. He was Archdeacon of Down from 1733 until his death. Notes Category:Alumni of Trinity College Dublin Category:Archdeacons of Down Category:Church of Ireland priests Category:18th-century Anglican priests Category:1768 deaths Category:1703 births Category:People from County Down |
Essel Vision Productions Essel Vision Productions is an Indian company which produces Indian soap operas , reality TV, comedy, game shows, entertainment and factual programming in several Indian languages. Essel Vision is promoted by Subhash Chandra and is a private company. Its most successful works till date include Sa Re Ga Ma Pa and Dance India Dance. Present Shows 2019 Ishq Subhan Allah 2019 Gudiya Hamari Sabhi Pe Bhari 2018 Main Bhi Ardhangini 2017 Yaaradi Nee Mohini (TV series) 2016 Lattu Nanga Hogaya 2019 Karunamoyee Rani Rashmoni 2019 Netaji (2019 TV series) 2019 Dance India Dance 2018 Dance Kerala Dance 2011 Classic Legends Past Shows 2012 Fear Files: Darr Ki Sacchi Tasvirein 2018 Love Me India 2013 Khelti Hai Zindagi Aankh Micholi 2014 Gangs of Haseepur 2014 Maharakshak: Aryan 2020 Starika 2009 Dance India Dance (season 1) 2010 Dance India Dance (season 2) 2012 Dance India Dance (season 3) 2014 Dance India Dance (season 4) 2012 Dance India Dance Li'l Masters (season 1) 2013 Dance India Dance Li'l Masters (season 2) 2014 Dance India Dance Li'l Masters (season 3) 1995 Sa Re Ga Ma 1996 Sa Re Ga Ma 1997 Sa Re Ga Ma 1999 Sa Re Ga Ma Pa 2000 Sa Re Ga Ma Pa 2005 Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Challenge 2005 2006 Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Ek Main Aur Ek Tu 2007 Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Challenge 2007 2007 Sa Re Ga Ma Pa L'il Champs International 2009 Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Challenge 2009 2009 Sa Re Ga Ma Pa L'il Champs 2009 2010 Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Singing Superstar 2011 Sa Re Ga Ma Pa L'il Champs 2012 Sa Re Ga Ma Pa 2012 2013 Dance India Dance Super Moms season 1 2014 Sa Re Ga Ma Pa L'il Champs 2014-2015 2015 Maharakshak Devi 2015 Dance India Dance Super Moms season 2'' References External links Official Website Category:Film production companies based in Mumbai Category:Television production companies of India Category:Companies established in 1994 Category:Essel Group Category:Producers who won the Best Children's Film National Film Award |
Nishi-Uozu Station is a railway station in the city of Uozu, Toyama, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Toyama Chihō Railway. Lines Nishi-Uozu Station is served by the Toyama Chihō Railway Main Line, and is 27.6 kilometers from the starting point of the line at . Station layout The station has two opposed ground-level side platforms connected to the wooden station building by a level crossing. The station is unattended. History Nishi-Uozu Station was opened on 5 June 1936. Adjacent stations Surrounding area Uozu Aquarium Sumiyoshi Elementary School See also List of railway stations in Japan External links Category:Railway stations in Toyama Prefecture Category:Railway stations opened in 1936 Category:1936 establishments in Japan Category:Stations of Toyama Chihō Railway Category:Uozu, Toyama |
1984 Soviet First League The 1984 Soviet First League was the fourteenth season of the Soviet First League and the 44th season of the Soviet second tier league competition. Final standings 1.Fakel Voronezh 42 25 7 10 61-30 57 Promoted [RUS] 2.Torpedo Kutaisi 42 23 9 10 76-55 55 Promoted [-] [GEO] -------------------------------------------------------- 3.SKA-Karpaty Lvov 42 20 9 13 63-44 49 [UKR] 4.Kuban Krasnodar 42 20 9 13 60-41 49 [RUS] 5.Metallurg Zaporozhye 42 18 12 12 57-43 48 [UKR] 6.Lokomotiv Moskva 42 17 13 12 44-37 46 [RUS] 7.Daugava Riga 42 16 14 12 65-50 44 [LVA] 8.Pamir Dushanbe 42 16 11 15 51-44 43 [TJK] 9.Kuzbass Kemerovo 42 17 8 17 56-51 42 [RUS] 10. Guria Lanchkhuti 42 16 10 16 49-52 42 [GEO] 11.Dinamo Batumi 42 16 8 18 58-67 40 [+] [GEO] 12.Iskra Smolensk 42 15 10 17 44-47 40 [RUS] 13.Zvezda Jizak 42 17 5 20 51-64 39 [UZB] 14.SKA Khabarovsk 42 14 11 17 55-59 39 [RUS] 15.Rotor Volgograd 42 15 8 19 63-78 38 [RUS] 16.Spartak Orjonikidze 42 15 8 19 42-51 38 [+] [RUS] 17.Shinnik Yaroslavl 42 13 12 17 49-50 38 [RUS] 18.Nistru Kishinev 42 13 12 17 45-58 38 [-] [MDA] 19.Kolos Nikopol 42 13 12 17 50-59 38 [UKR] -------------------------------------------------------- 20.Zarya Voroshilovgrad 42 13 11 18 54-61 37 Relegated [UKR] 21.Tavria Simferopol 42 12 11 19 43-58 35 Relegated [UKR] 22.Irtysh Omsk 42 8 10 24 35-72 26 Relegated [+] [RUS] External links 1984 season. RSSSF 1984 2 Soviet Soviet |
Edenridge, Delaware Edenridge is an unincorporated community in New Castle County, Delaware, United States. Edenridge is located east of the intersection of Mt. Lebanon Road and Sharpley Road southwest of Talleyville References Category:Unincorporated communities in New Castle County, Delaware Category:Unincorporated communities in Delaware |
Sven Schipplock Sven Schipplock (born 8 November 1988) is a German footballer who plays as a striker for Arminia Bielefeld. Career After making a name for himself in the Regionalliga Süd with SSV Reutlingen he moved to VfB Stuttgart in 2008 where he initially played for the second team in the newly formed third division 3. Liga. He made his Bundesliga debut for the first team on 30 October 2010 in an away game against VfL Wolfsburg, where he came on as a substitute in the 80th minute. On 22 January 2011, he debuted in the starting line-up against Borussia Dortmund at Signal Iduna Park. His first Bundesliga goal came on 12 March 2011 in the crucial away game to FC St. Pauli where he scored the 88th-minute winner in a 1–2 victory that lifted his club out of the Bundesliga relegation zone. He had only been on the field for six minutes when he struck his goal, a well-taken shot from outside the box into the bottom corner. On 9 May 2011, Bundesliga club TSG 1899 Hoffenheim announced it has signed Schipplock on a three-year contract. On 17 August 2014, Schipplock scored five goals in round 1 of DFB-Pokal where 1899 Hoffenheim beat 9–0 USC Paloma to pass the round. On 24 July 2015, it was announced that Schipplock had signed for Hamburg on a three-year contract for around £1.75million. On 17 August 2016, Schipplock joined Darmstadt 98 on a season-long loan. In 2018, Schipplock signed for Arminia Bielefeld on a three-year deal. References External links Category:Living people Category:German footballers Category:1988 births Category:SSV Reutlingen 05 players Category:VfB Stuttgart players Category:VfB Stuttgart II players Category:TSG 1899 Hoffenheim players Category:Hamburger SV players Category:SV Darmstadt 98 players Category:Arminia Bielefeld players Category:Association football forwards Category:Bundesliga players Category:3. Liga players Category:2. Bundesliga players |
Origin in Death Origin in Death (2005) is a novel by J. D. Robb. It is the twenty-second novel in the In Death series, preceding Memory in Death. Plot summary When Lt. Eve Dallas and Detective Delia Peabody are called to the murder scene of Dr. Wilfred B. Icove Sr., things already don't make sense. Dr. Icove was renowned as a sainted genius of cosmetic and reconstructive surgery, and no one, not even his son Wilfred Icove Jr., benefits from his death. What's even stranger are the security disks that reveal a woman (with initials DNA) walking into Icove's office, killing him with a single stab in the heart and walking out again. When Dr. Icove Jr. is killed in the same way, Eve begins looking for another mystery woman, while her husband Roarke begins investigating an organization run by the Icoves and their partner, Dr. Jonah Wilson. Soon, they uncover a secret world inside a private school of young girls and women, created by the Icoves and Wilson. A world of children by design, where people aren't born, but cloned. Category:In Death (novel series) Category:2005 American novels Category:Novels about cloning |
Our Blood Our Blood is a studio album by country musician Richard Buckner. It was released in August 2011 under Merge Records. Track listing References Category:2011 albums Category:Merge Records albums |
Alex J. Martinez Alex Joseph Martinez (born April 19, 1951) is an American attorney who served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Colorado from 1996 to 2011. Born in Denver, Colorado, Martinez attended Phillips Exeter Academy in New Hampshire and Reed College in Portland, Oregon. He received a B.A. from the University of Colorado in 1973, followed by a J.D. from the University of Colorado Law School in 1976. Martinez was a deputy state public defender in Denver from 1976 to 1979. when he relocated to Pueblo, Colorado to supervise state public defender's office there. In 1983, Governor Richard Lamm appointed Martinez to a county court judge seat in Pueblo County, and in 1988 Governor Roy Romer appointed Martinez as a district court judge in Colorado's Tenth Judicial District. In September 1996, Romer elevated Martinez to the Supreme Court of Colorado. Martinez was retained on the court in 2000, and again in a strongly contested process in 2010. He resigned from the court in 2011 to accept a post as Manager of Safety for the city of Denver. Shortly after entering into this position, Martinez engendered some controversy by referring to a critical review of the police department as "nitpicky", although the comment endeared Martinez to the police. He left that position in 2013. From 2013 to 2016, he served as the General Counsel of the Denver Public School District. References Category:Colorado Supreme Court justices Category:Reed College alumni Category:University of Colorado alumni Category:University of Colorado Law School alumni Category:Living people Category:1951 births Category:People from Denver |
Chile Triple Junction The Chile Triple Junction (or Chile Margin Triple Junction) is a geologic triple junction located on the seafloor of the Pacific Ocean off Taitao and Tres Montes Peninsula on the southern coast of Chile. Here three tectonic plates meet: the South American Plate, the Nazca Plate, and the Antarctic Plate. This triple junction is unusual in that it consists of a mid-oceanic ridge, the Chile Rise, being subducted under the South American Plate at the Peru–Chile Trench. The Antarctic Plate started to subduct beneath South America 14 million years ago in the Miocene epoch forming the Chile Triple Junction. At first the Antarctic Plate subducted only in the southernmost tip of Patagonia, meaning that the Chile Triple Junction lay near the Strait of Magellan. As the southern part of Nazca Plate and the Chile Rise became consumed by subduction the more northerly regions of the Antarctic Plate begun to subduct beneath Patagonia so that the Chile Triple Junction advanced gradually to its present position in front of Taitao Peninsula at 46°15’. Taitao Peninsula lies near the triple junction and various geological features, such as the Taitao ophiolite, are related to the dynamics of the triple junction. References Tectonics of South America: Chile Triple Junction The Chile Margin Triple Junction: Modern Analog to Ancient California? Category:Plate tectonics Category:Triple junctions Category:Geology of Aysén Region |
South Hill (Eureka County, Nevada) South Hill is a summit in the U.S. state of Nevada. The elevation is . South Hill was named for the fact it is south of other nearby summits. References Category:Mountains of Eureka County, Nevada |
Studio Julmahuvi Julmahuvi (julma = cruel; huvi = fun) is the name of a group of comedic actors which created several comical TV-series and mockumentaries for the Finnish TV-channels Yle TV1 and MTV3. Julmahuvi collectively are Tommi Korpela, Jukka Rasila, Janne Reinikainen, Petteri Summanen and Jani Volanen. The group first worked together on the sketch-show To(i)ni ja Heikki Haaman Show which ran from 1995 to -96 on MTV3. After this they produced the mockumentary about a fictional boyband named The Joyboys Story in 1997. The group's most famous show was the sketch show Studio Julmahuvi which ran for 8 episodes on Yle in 1998. The show was a parody of YLE's own programming, squeezing an entire evening's worth of programming into a half-hour show which included everything from news and weather to a children's show and a German police drama, with commercials and TV-spots on the side. The show was created with an impressive budget of 67 000 € per episode which resulted in extremely high production-values (in comparison to low-budget sketch-shows like Pulttibois and Kummeli). Afterwards Julmahuvi made Jerico 2000, a parody topic-show which also reused some of the smaller mockumentaries featured in Studio Julmahuvi. It aired on MTV3 in 1999. The last big production was the mini-series Mennen Tullen which featured several characters from Studio Julmahuvi's fictional cop-shows now in the present day. It aired on YLE between 2000 and 2001. Though produced in the fashion of a serious murder-mystery it was essentially a dark comedy with occasional absurd elements. The Joyboys Story won the Bronze Rose of Montreux in 1997 and Studio Julmahuvi was awarded with the Venla (Finland's equivalent to an Emmy) prize for the best comedy show in 1999. Studio Julmahuvi, The Joyboys Story, Jerico 2000 and Mennen tullen were all released as a box-set on DVD in 2005 with a bonus CD containing voice-clips and songs featured on Z-Salamapartio, one of the fictional cop-shows set in the 1970s. External links IMDb Profile Category:Finnish comedy television series Category:Performing groups established in 1995 Category:Comedy collectives |
Noether's theorem Noether's theorem or Noether's first theorem states that every differentiable symmetry of the action of a physical system has a corresponding conservation law. The theorem was proven by mathematician Emmy Noether in 1915 and published in 1918, after a special case was proven by E. Cosserat and F. Cosserat in 1909. The action of a physical system is the integral over time of a Lagrangian function (which may be an integral over space of a Lagrangian density function), from which the system's behavior can be determined by the principle of least action. This theorem only applies to continuous and smooth symmetries over physical space. Noether's theorem is used in theoretical physics and the calculus of variations. A generalization of the formulations on constants of motion in Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics (developed in 1788 and 1833, respectively), it does not apply to systems that cannot be modeled with a Lagrangian alone (e.g., systems with a Rayleigh dissipation function). In particular, dissipative systems with continuous symmetries need not have a corresponding conservation law. Basic illustrations and background As an illustration, if a physical system behaves the same regardless of how it is oriented in space, its Lagrangian is symmetric under continuous rotations: from this symmetry, Noether's theorem dictates that the angular momentum of the system be conserved, as a consequence of its laws of motion. The physical system itself need not be symmetric; a jagged asteroid tumbling in space conserves angular momentum despite its asymmetry. It is the laws of its motion that are symmetric. As another example, if a physical process exhibits the same outcomes regardless of place or time, then its Lagrangian is symmetric under continuous translations in space and time respectively: by Noether's theorem, these symmetries account for the conservation laws of linear momentum and energy within this system, respectively. Noether's theorem is important, both because of the insight it gives into conservation laws, and also as a practical calculational tool. It allows investigators to determine the conserved quantities (invariants) from the observed symmetries of a physical system. Conversely, it allows researchers to consider whole classes of hypothetical Lagrangians with given invariants, to describe a physical system. As an illustration, suppose that a physical theory is proposed which conserves a quantity X. A researcher can calculate the types of Lagrangians that conserve X through a continuous symmetry. Due to Noether's theorem, the properties of these Lagrangians provide further criteria to understand the implications and judge the fitness of the new theory. There are numerous versions of Noether's theorem, with varying degrees of generality. There are natural quantum counterparts of this theorem, expressed in the Ward–Takahashi identities. Generalizations of Noether's theorem to superspaces also exist. Informal statement of the theorem All fine technical points aside, Noether's theorem can be stated informally A more sophisticated version of the theorem involving fields states that: The word "symmetry" in the above statement refers more precisely to the covariance of the form that a physical law takes with respect to a one-dimensional Lie group of transformations satisfying certain technical criteria. The conservation law of a physical quantity is usually expressed as a continuity equation. The formal proof of the theorem utilizes the condition of invariance to derive an expression for a current associated with a conserved physical quantity. In modern (since c. 1980) terminology, the conserved quantity is called the Noether charge, while the flow carrying that charge is called the Noether current. The Noether current is defined up to a solenoidal (divergenceless) vector field. In the context of gravitation, Felix Klein's statement of Noether's theorem for action I stipulates for the |
invariants: Brief illustration and overview of the concept The main idea behind Noether's theorem is most easily illustrated by a system with one coordinate and a continuous symmetry (gray arrows on the diagram). Consider any trajectory (bold on the diagram) that satisfies the system's laws of motion. That is, the action governing this system is stationary on this trajectory, i.e. does not change under any local variation of the trajectory. In particular it would not change under a variation that applies the symmetry flow on a time segment [] and is motionless outside that segment. To keep the trajectory continuous, we use "buffering" periods of small time to transition between the segments gradually. The total change in the action now comprises changes brought by every interval in play. Parts, where variation itself vanishes, bring no . The middle part doesn't change the action either, because its transformation is a symmetry and thus preserves the Lagrangian and the action . The only remaining parts are the "buffering" pieces. Roughly speaking, they contribute mostly through their "slanting" . That changes the Lagrangian by , which integrates to These last terms, evaluated around the endpoints and , should cancel each other in order to make the total change in the action be zero, as would be expected if the trajectory is a solution. That is meaning the quantity is conserved, which is the conclusion of Noether's theorem. For instance if pure translations are the symmetry, then the conserved quantity becomes just , the canonical momentum. More general cases follow the same idea: Historical context A conservation law states that some quantity X in the mathematical description of a system's evolution remains constant throughout its motion – it is an invariant. Mathematically, the rate of change of X (its derivative with respect to time) is zero, Such quantities are said to be conserved; they are often called constants of motion (although motion per se need not be involved, just evolution in time). For example, if the energy of a system is conserved, its energy is invariant at all times, which imposes a constraint on the system's motion and may help in solving for it. Aside from insights that such constants of motion give into the nature of a system, they are a useful calculational tool; for example, an approximate solution can be corrected by finding the nearest state that satisfies the suitable conservation laws. The earliest constants of motion discovered were momentum and energy, which were proposed in the 17th century by René Descartes and Gottfried Leibniz on the basis of collision experiments, and refined by subsequent researchers. Isaac Newton was the first to enunciate the conservation of momentum in its modern form, and showed that it was a consequence of Newton's third law. According to general relativity, the conservation laws of linear momentum, energy and angular momentum are only exactly true globally when expressed in terms of the sum of the stress–energy tensor (non-gravitational stress–energy) and the Landau–Lifshitz stress–energy–momentum pseudotensor (gravitational stress–energy). The local conservation of non-gravitational linear momentum and energy in a free-falling reference frame is expressed by the vanishing of the covariant divergence of the stress–energy tensor. Another important conserved quantity, discovered in studies of the celestial mechanics of astronomical bodies, is the Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector. In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, physicists developed more systematic methods for discovering invariants. A major advance came in 1788 with the development of Lagrangian mechanics, which is related to the principle of least action. In this approach, the state of the system can be described by any type of generalized coordinates q; the |
laws of motion need not be expressed in a Cartesian coordinate system, as was customary in Newtonian mechanics. The action is defined as the time integral I of a function known as the Lagrangian L where the dot over q signifies the rate of change of the coordinates q, Hamilton's principle states that the physical path q(t)—the one actually taken by the system—is a path for which infinitesimal variations in that path cause no change in I, at least up to first order. This principle results in the Euler–Lagrange equations, Thus, if one of the coordinates, say qk, does not appear in the Lagrangian, the right-hand side of the equation is zero, and the left-hand side requires that where the momentum is conserved throughout the motion (on the physical path). Thus, the absence of the ignorable coordinate qk from the Lagrangian implies that the Lagrangian is unaffected by changes or transformations of qk; the Lagrangian is invariant, and is said to exhibit a symmetry under such transformations. This is the seed idea generalized in Noether's theorem. Several alternative methods for finding conserved quantities were developed in the 19th century, especially by William Rowan Hamilton. For example, he developed a theory of canonical transformations which allowed changing coordinates so that some coordinates disappeared from the Lagrangian, as above, resulting in conserved canonical momenta. Another approach, and perhaps the most efficient for finding conserved quantities, is the Hamilton–Jacobi equation. Mathematical expression Simple form using perturbations The essence of Noether's theorem is generalizing the ignorable coordinates outlined. One can assume that the Lagrangian L defined above is invariant under small perturbations (warpings) of the time variable t and the generalized coordinates q. One may write where the perturbations δt and δq are both small, but variable. For generality, assume there are (say) N such symmetry transformations of the action, i.e. transformations leaving the action unchanged; labelled by an index r = 1, 2, 3, ..., N. Then the resultant perturbation can be written as a linear sum of the individual types of perturbations, where εr are infinitesimal parameter coefficients corresponding to each: generator Tr of time evolution, and generator Qr of the generalized coordinates. For translations, Qr is a constant with units of length; for rotations, it is an expression linear in the components of q, and the parameters make up an angle. Using these definitions, Noether showed that the N quantities (which have the dimensions of [energy]·[time] + [momentum]·[length] = [action]) are conserved (constants of motion). Examples Time invariance For illustration, consider a Lagrangian that does not depend on time, i.e., that is invariant (symmetric) under changes t → t + δt, without any change in the coordinates q. In this case, N = 1, T = 1 and Q = 0; the corresponding conserved quantity is the total energy H Translational invariance Consider a Lagrangian which does not depend on an ("ignorable", as above) coordinate qk; so it is invariant (symmetric) under changes qk → qk + δqk. In that case, N = 1, T = 0, and Qk = 1; the conserved quantity is the corresponding linear momentum pk In special and general relativity, these apparently separate conservation laws are aspects of a single conservation law, that of the stress–energy tensor, that is derived in the next section. Rotational invariance The conservation of the angular momentum L = r × p is analogous to its linear momentum counterpart. It is assumed that the symmetry of the Lagrangian is rotational, i.e., that the Lagrangian does not depend on the absolute orientation of the physical system in space. For concreteness, assume that |
the Lagrangian does not change under small rotations of an angle δθ about an axis n; such a rotation transforms the Cartesian coordinates by the equation Since time is not being transformed, T=0. Taking δθ as the ε parameter and the Cartesian coordinates r as the generalized coordinates q, the corresponding Q variables are given by Then Noether's theorem states that the following quantity is conserved, In other words, the component of the angular momentum L along the n axis is conserved. If n is arbitrary, i.e., if the system is insensitive to any rotation, then every component of L is conserved; in short, angular momentum is conserved. Field theory version Although useful in its own right, the version of Noether's theorem just given is a special case of the general version derived in 1915. To give the flavor of the general theorem, a version of Noether's theorem for continuous fields in four-dimensional space–time is now given. Since field theory problems are more common in modern physics than mechanics problems, this field theory version is the most commonly used (or most often implemented) version of Noether's theorem. Let there be a set of differentiable fields defined over all space and time; for example, the temperature would be representative of such a field, being a number defined at every place and time. The principle of least action can be applied to such fields, but the action is now an integral over space and time (the theorem can be further generalized to the case where the Lagrangian depends on up to the nth derivative, and can also be formulated using jet bundles). A continuous transformation of the fields can be written infinitesimally as where is in general a function that may depend on both and . The condition for to generate a physical symmetry is that the action is left invariant. This will certainly be true if the Lagrangian density is left invariant, but it will also be true if the Lagrangian changes by a divergence, since the integral of a divergence becomes a boundary term according to the divergence theorem. A system described by a given action might have multiple independent symmetries of this type, indexed by so the most general symmetry transformation would be written as with the consequence For such systems, Noether's theorem states that there are conserved current densities (where the dot product is understood to contract the field indices, not the index or index). In such cases, the conservation law is expressed in a four-dimensional way which expresses the idea that the amount of a conserved quantity within a sphere cannot change unless some of it flows out of the sphere. For example, electric charge is conserved; the amount of charge within a sphere cannot change unless some of the charge leaves the sphere. For illustration, consider a physical system of fields that behaves the same under translations in time and space, as considered above; in other words, is constant in its third argument. In that case, N = 4, one for each dimension of space and time. An infinitesimal translation in space, (with denoting the Kronecker delta), affects the fields as : that is, relabelling the coordinates is equivalent to leaving the coordinates in place while translating the field itself, which in turn is equivalent to transforming the field by replacing its value at each point with the value at the point "behind" it which would be mapped onto by the infinitesimal displacement under consideration. Since this is infinitesimal, we may write this transformation as The Lagrangian density transforms in the same way, , so and |
thus Noether's theorem corresponds to the conservation law for the stress–energy tensor Tμν, where we have used in place of . To wit, by using the expression given earlier, and collecting the four conserved currents (one for each ) into a tensor , Noether's theorem gives with (we relabelled as at an intermediate step to avoid conflict). (However, the obtained in this way may differ from the symmetric tensor used as the source term in general relativity; see Canonical stress–energy tensor.) The conservation of electric charge, by contrast, can be derived by considering Ψ linear in the fields φ rather than in the derivatives. In quantum mechanics, the probability amplitude ψ(x) of finding a particle at a point x is a complex field φ, because it ascribes a complex number to every point in space and time. The probability amplitude itself is physically unmeasurable; only the probability p = |ψ|2 can be inferred from a set of measurements. Therefore, the system is invariant under transformations of the ψ field and its complex conjugate field ψ* that leave |ψ|2 unchanged, such as a complex rotation. In the limit when the phase θ becomes infinitesimally small, δθ, it may be taken as the parameter ε, while the Ψ are equal to iψ and −iψ*, respectively. A specific example is the Klein–Gordon equation, the relativistically correct version of the Schrödinger equation for spinless particles, which has the Lagrangian density In this case, Noether's theorem states that the conserved (∂ ⋅ j = 0) current equals which, when multiplied by the charge on that species of particle, equals the electric current density due to that type of particle. This "gauge invariance" was first noted by Hermann Weyl, and is one of the prototype gauge symmetries of physics. Derivations One independent variable Consider the simplest case, a system with one independent variable, time. Suppose the dependent variables q are such that the action integral is invariant under brief infinitesimal variations in the dependent variables. In other words, they satisfy the Euler–Lagrange equations And suppose that the integral is invariant under a continuous symmetry. Mathematically such a symmetry is represented as a flow, φ, which acts on the variables as follows where ε is a real variable indicating the amount of flow, and T is a real constant (which could be zero) indicating how much the flow shifts time. The action integral flows to which may be regarded as a function of ε. Calculating the derivative at ε = 0 and using Leibniz's rule, we get Notice that the Euler–Lagrange equations imply Substituting this into the previous equation, one gets Again using the Euler–Lagrange equations we get Substituting this into the previous equation, one gets From which one can see that is a constant of the motion, i.e., it is a conserved quantity. Since φ[q, 0] = q, we get and so the conserved quantity simplifies to To avoid excessive complication of the formulas, this derivation assumed that the flow does not change as time passes. The same result can be obtained in the more general case. Field-theoretic derivation Noether's theorem may also be derived for tensor fields φA where the index A ranges over the various components of the various tensor fields. These field quantities are functions defined over a four-dimensional space whose points are labeled by coordinates xμ where the index μ ranges over time (μ = 0) and three spatial dimensions (μ = 1, 2, 3). These four coordinates are the independent variables; and the values of the fields at each event are the dependent variables. Under an infinitesimal transformation, the variation in |
the coordinates is written whereas the transformation of the field variables is expressed as By this definition, the field variations δφA result from two factors: intrinsic changes in the field themselves and changes in coordinates, since the transformed field αA depends on the transformed coordinates ξμ. To isolate the intrinsic changes, the field variation at a single point xμ may be defined If the coordinates are changed, the boundary of the region of space–time over which the Lagrangian is being integrated also changes; the original boundary and its transformed version are denoted as Ω and Ω’, respectively. Noether's theorem begins with the assumption that a specific transformation of the coordinates and field variables does not change the action, which is defined as the integral of the Lagrangian density over the given region of spacetime. Expressed mathematically, this assumption may be written as where the comma subscript indicates a partial derivative with respect to the coordinate(s) that follows the comma, e.g. Since ξ is a dummy variable of integration, and since the change in the boundary Ω is infinitesimal by assumption, the two integrals may be combined using the four-dimensional version of the divergence theorem into the following form The difference in Lagrangians can be written to first-order in the infinitesimal variations as However, because the variations are defined at the same point as described above, the variation and the derivative can be done in reverse order; they commute Using the Euler–Lagrange field equations the difference in Lagrangians can be written neatly as Thus, the change in the action can be written as Since this holds for any region Ω, the integrand must be zero For any combination of the various symmetry transformations, the perturbation can be written where is the Lie derivative of φA in the Xμ direction. When φA is a scalar or , These equations imply that the field variation taken at one point equals Differentiating the above divergence with respect to ε at ε = 0 and changing the sign yields the conservation law where the conserved current equals Manifold/fiber bundle derivation Suppose we have an n-dimensional oriented Riemannian manifold, M and a target manifold T. Let be the configuration space of smooth functions from M to T. (More generally, we can have smooth sections of a fiber bundle over M.) Examples of this M in physics include: In classical mechanics, in the Hamiltonian formulation, M is the one-dimensional manifold R, representing time and the target space is the cotangent bundle of space of generalized positions. In field theory, M is the spacetime manifold and the target space is the set of values the fields can take at any given point. For example, if there are m real-valued scalar fields, , then the target manifold is Rm. If the field is a real vector field, then the target manifold is isomorphic to R3. Now suppose there is a functional called the action. (It takes values into R, rather than C; this is for physical reasons, and is unimportant for this proof.) To get to the usual version of Noether's theorem, we need additional restrictions on the action. We assume is the integral over M of a function called the Lagrangian density, depending on φ, its derivative and the position. In other words, for φ in Suppose we are given boundary conditions, i.e., a specification of the value of φ at the boundary if M is compact, or some limit on φ as x approaches ∞. Then the subspace of consisting of functions φ such that all functional derivatives of at φ are zero, that is: and that |
φ satisfies the given boundary conditions, is the subspace of on shell solutions. (See principle of stationary action) Now, suppose we have an infinitesimal transformation on , generated by a functional derivation, Q such that for all compact submanifolds N or in other words, for all x, where we set If this holds on shell and off shell, we say Q generates an off-shell symmetry. If this only holds on shell, we say Q generates an on-shell symmetry. Then, we say Q is a generator of a one parameter symmetry Lie group. Now, for any N, because of the Euler–Lagrange theorem, on shell (and only on-shell), we have Since this is true for any N, we have But this is the continuity equation for the current defined by: which is called the Noether current''' associated with the symmetry. The continuity equation tells us that if we integrate this current over a space-like slice, we get a conserved quantity called the Noether charge (provided, of course, if M is noncompact, the currents fall off sufficiently fast at infinity). Comments Noether's theorem is an on shell theorem: it relies on use of the equations of motion—the classical path. It reflects the relation between the boundary conditions and the variational principle. Assuming no boundary terms in the action, Noether's theorem implies that The quantum analogs of Noether's theorem involving expectation values, e.g. ⟨∫d4x ∂·J⟩ = 0, probing off shell quantities as well are the Ward–Takahashi identities. Generalization to Lie algebras Suppose we have two symmetry derivations Q1 and Q2. Then, [Q1, Q2] is also a symmetry derivation. Let's see this explicitly. Let's say and Then, where f12 = Q1[f2μ] − Q2[f1μ]. So, This shows we can extend Noether's theorem to larger Lie algebras in a natural way. Generalization of the proof This applies to any local symmetry derivation Q satisfying QS ≈ 0, and also to more general local functional differentiable actions, including ones where the Lagrangian depends on higher derivatives of the fields. Let ε be any arbitrary smooth function of the spacetime (or time) manifold such that the closure of its support is disjoint from the boundary. ε is a test function. Then, because of the variational principle (which does not apply to the boundary, by the way), the derivation distribution q generated by q[ε][Φ(x)] = ε(x)Q[Φ(x)] satisfies q[ε][S] ≈ 0 for every ε, or more compactly, q(x)[S] ≈ 0 for all x not on the boundary (but remember that q(x) is a shorthand for a derivation distribution, not a derivation parametrized by x in general). This is the generalization of Noether's theorem. To see how the generalization is related to the version given above, assume that the action is the spacetime integral of a Lagrangian that only depends on φ and its first derivatives. Also, assume Then, for all ε. More generally, if the Lagrangian depends on higher derivatives, then Examples Example 1: Conservation of energy Looking at the specific case of a Newtonian particle of mass m, coordinate x, moving under the influence of a potential V, coordinatized by time t. The action, S, is: The first term in the brackets is the kinetic energy of the particle, whilst the second is its potential energy. Consider the generator of time translations Q = d/dt. In other words, . The coordinate x has an explicit dependence on time, whilst V does not; consequently: so we can set Then, The right hand side is the energy, and Noether's theorem states that (i.e. the principle of conservation of energy is a consequence of invariance under time translations). More generally, if the Lagrangian |
does not depend explicitly on time, the quantity (called the Hamiltonian) is conserved. Example 2: Conservation of center of momentum Still considering 1-dimensional time, let i.e. N Newtonian particles where the potential only depends pairwise upon the relative displacement. For , consider the generator of Galilean transformations (i.e. a change in the frame of reference). In other words, And This has the form of so we can set Then, where is the total momentum, M is the total mass and is the center of mass. Noether's theorem states: Example 3: Conformal transformation Both examples 1 and 2 are over a 1-dimensional manifold (time). An example involving spacetime is a conformal transformation of a massless real scalar field with a quartic potential in (3 + 1)-Minkowski spacetime. For Q, consider the generator of a spacetime rescaling. In other words, The second term on the right hand side is due to the "conformal weight" of . And This has the form of (where we have performed a change of dummy indices) so set Then Noether's theorem states that (as one may explicitly check by substituting the Euler–Lagrange equations into the left hand side). If one tries to find the Ward–Takahashi analog of this equation, one runs into a problem because of anomalies. Applications Application of Noether's theorem allows physicists to gain powerful insights into any general theory in physics, by just analyzing the various transformations that would make the form of the laws involved invariant. For example: the invariance of physical systems with respect to spatial translation (in other words, that the laws of physics do not vary with locations in space) gives the law of conservation of linear momentum; invariance with respect to rotation gives the law of conservation of angular momentum; invariance with respect to time translation gives the well-known law of conservation of energy In quantum field theory, the analog to Noether's theorem, the Ward–Takahashi identity, yields further conservation laws, such as the conservation of electric charge from the invariance with respect to a change in the phase factor of the complex field of the charged particle and the associated gauge of the electric potential and vector potential. The Noether charge is also used in calculating the entropy of stationary black holes. See also Conservation law Charge (physics) Gauge symmetry Gauge symmetry (mathematics) Invariant (physics) Goldstone boson Symmetry in physics Notes References Online copy. External links (Original in Gott. Nachr.'' 1918:235–257) John Baez (2002) "Noether's Theorem in a Nutshell." Noether's Theorem at MathPages. Category:Articles containing proofs Category:Calculus of variations Category:Conservation laws Category:Concepts in physics Category:Partial differential equations Category:Physics theorems Category:Quantum field theory Category:Symmetry Category:Theoretical physics |
Elections in Sri Lanka Elections in Sri Lanka gives information on election and election results in Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. Sri Lanka has a multi party system, with two dominant political parties. All elections are administered by the Election Commission of Sri Lanka. President The president is directly elected for a five-year term, through a version of Instant-runoff voting in which electors rank up to three candidates, and limited to only two rounds in total. If no candidate wins a majority in the first round of voting, second and third preferences from ballots whose first preference candidate has been eliminated are used to determine the winner. However, there has never been an instance where a "run-off" count has been needed since the introduction of directly elected president in the 1980s, as a candidate reached 50% in the first count in all elections. Parliament The Parliament has 225 members, elected for a five-year term, 196 members elected in multi-seat constituencies through proportional representation system where each party is allocated a number of seats from the quota for each district according to the proportion of the total vote that party obtains in the district. The other 29 which is called the national list are appointed by each party secretary according to the island wide proportional vote the party obtains. Latest elections 2019 Presidential election 2015 Parliamentary election See also Electoral calendar Electoral system References External links Department of Elections Adam Carr's Election Archive www.Srilankanelections.com - A website featuring Sri Lankan elections and results. |
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