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Kundan Vidya Mandir Kundan Vidya Mandir, also known as Kundan Vidya Mandir Senior Secondary School (abbreviated to KVM) is a co-educational senior secondary school with 2 campuses in Ludhiana. It was founded in 1941 by freedom fighter, Rai Sahib Kundan Lal. The school is affiliated with the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE). It offers education from kindergarten through class XII. The current principal of the school is Navita Puri. It is run by Shri Kundan Lal Trust, which also has a school in Chandigarh by name of Kundan International School. History Founded in 1941, the school is named after its founder, Rai Sahib Kundan Lal, who was a freedom fighter and philanthropist. It got affiliated to the Central Board of Secondary Education in 1963, becoming the first CBSE school in Punjab, India. The school has another branch in Chandigarh, called Kundan International School, which was established in 2007. The Chandigarh campus is headed by the headmistress, Manjeet Jauhar. The school is administered and managed by the Shri Kundan Lal Trust, a charitable trust. Campus The Infrastructure facilities of the school include a library, labs for physics, chemistry, biology, geography, psychology, a conference hall, music rooms and dance rooms. It hosts 112 classrooms, an activity room, art room, computer labs, robotics lab, 3D lab, home science lab, math lab, language lab, canteen, state of the art auditorium and infirmary. The sports facilities of Kundan Vidya Mandir include two splash pools, volleyball court, football ground, skating rink and shooting range. It also has a playground that measures 3937 square metres. The school campus of KVM is spread across 7 acres. Notable alumni Pankaj Kapur (Actor) Harjot Kaur (Civil servant & Strategic Adviser to the World Bank) Karan Goel (Cricketer) Gitansh Khera (Cricketer) Recognition Kundan Vidya Mandir was listed among the top ten schools in Ludhiana by The Hush Post in 2018. The school has been ranked #218 in the survey of EW Ranking in 2017. It ranked #5 in a list of Punjab's Top School Ranking 2014 by the Elets 's Digital Learning (DL) Ranking. Kundan Vidya Mandir was awarded Rex Karmaveer Education Change Champion Fellowship and Karmaveer Chakra Award in 2019. See also Education in Punjab, India List of schools in Chandigarh List of schools in India References External links Official website of Kundan Vidya Mandir Official website of Kundan International School Category:Education in Ludhiana Category:Schools in Punjab, India Category:1941 establishments in India Category:Educational institutions established in 1941 |
Klaudia Breś Klaudia Breś (born 22 June 1994) is a Polish shooter. She represented her country at the 2016 Summer Olympics. She won gold medal at the 2019 10m European Shooting Championships. References Category:1994 births Category:Living people Category:Polish female sport shooters Category:Shooters at the 2016 Summer Olympics Category:Olympic shooters of Poland Category:Sportspeople from Bydgoszcz Category:European Games competitors for Poland Category:Shooters at the 2015 European Games Category:Shooters at the 2019 European Games |
The Days of Perky Pat "The Days of Perky Pat" is a science fiction short story by American writer Philip K. Dick, first published in 1963 in Amazing magazine. Plot In this story, survivors of a global thermonuclear war live in isolated enclaves in California, surviving off what they can scrounge from the wastes and supplies delivered from Mars. The older generation spend their leisure time playing with the eponymous doll in an escapist role-playing game that recalls life before the apocalypse — a way of life that is being quickly forgotten. At the story's climax, a couple from one isolated outpost of humanity play a game against dwellers of another outpost (who play the game with a doll similar to Perky Pat dubbed "Connie Companion") in deadly earnest. The survivors' shared enthusiasm for the Perky Pat doll and the creation of her accessories from vital supplies is a sort of mass delusion that prevents meaningful re-building of the shattered society. In stark contrast, the children of the survivors show absolutely no interest in the delusion and have begun adapting to their new life. References in popular culture David Cronenberg's 1999 film eXistenZ, which involves a virtual reality game that blurs reality and fantasy, visually refers to the Dick short story when its two stars, Jude Law and Jennifer Jason Leigh, consume fast food from containers marked "Perky Pat's". In the movie Screamers, Peter Weller's character refers to someone sarcastically as a real "Perky Pat". References in other works Elements of the story were later incorporated into Dick's novel The Three Stigmata of Palmer Eldritch, written in 1964 and published in 1965, in which a Perky Pat simulation game is induced by drugs and miniature models. References External links Category:Short stories by Philip K. Dick Category:1963 short stories Category:Works originally published in Amazing Stories |
Wang Hao (footballer, born 1989) Wang Hao (Chinese: 王皓; Pinyin: Wáng Hào; born 18 February 1989) is a Chinese football player. Club career Wang started his football career in 2009 when he was promoted to Beijing Guoan's first team squad. The following season in an attempt to gain more playing time Wang was loaned to Beijing Guoan's satellite team Beijing Guoan Talent, which would play as a foreign team in Singapore's S.League in 2010. He made his senior debut in a 3–1 away victory against Geylang United on 12 March 2010 and scored his senior goal in a 4–1 home victory against Home United 7 days later. Wang made 30 appearances in scored 6 goals in the 2010 S.League season. Wang returned to Beijing Guoan in 2011. On 18 July 2012, he made his debut for Beijing Guoan on the fourth round of 2012 Chinese FA Cup which Beijing beat Qingdao Jonoon 6–0 at Workers Stadium, coming on as a substitute for Frédéric Kanouté in the 60th minute. He made his Super League debut on 8 March 2013, in the first round of 2013 Chinese Super League season, which Beijing Guoan beat Shanghai East Asia 4–1, coming on as a substitute for Wang Xiaolong in the 84th minute. Wang was released by Beijing at the end of 2015 season. Career statistics Statistics accurate as of match played 1 November 2015 References Category:1989 births Category:Living people Category:Sportspeople from Luoyang Category:Chinese footballers Category:Footballers from Henan Category:Beijing Guoan F.C. players Category:Chinese Super League players Category:Singapore Premier League players Category:Association football midfielders |
Pia Star Pia Star (1961–1978) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse who equaled a world record for one mile on dirt in winning the 1965 Equipoise Mile Handicap at Arlington Park in Chicago. In addition, he won the 1965 Brooklyn and Suburban Handicaps and in 1966, the Widener Handicap at Hialeah Park Race Track in Florida. He was bred by and raced by Ada L. Rice and trained by Clyde Troutt. When his racing days were over, Pia Star was retired to stud. Among others winners, he sired San Antonio Handicap winner Poley and was the damsire of Mom's Command and of Star of Cozzene. References Pia Star's pedigree and partial racing stats Category:1961 racehorse births Category:1978 racehorse deaths Category:Racehorses bred in Kentucky Category:Racehorses trained in the United States Category:Thoroughbred family 5-j Category:Chefs-de-Race |
Saints at the River Saints at the River is a 2004 novel by American author Ron Rash. It is Rash's second published novel. It is the winner of the Weatherford Award for Best Novel and has been used by several schools as a summer reading assignment for their incoming freshmen, including Clemson University, Temple University, and University of Central Florida. Plot The story begins with a brief prologue description of a 12-year-old girl drowning in the Tamassee River, the boundary between Georgia and South Carolina. From then on, the story is told from the point of view of Maggie Glenn, a 28-year-old photographer for The Messenger newspaper assigned to cover the story. Part One (Ch. 1-5) The story begins with the introduction of Maggie Glenn. She has been assigned by her boss, Lee Gervais, to cover the events surrounding the drowning of a little girl in the Tamassee River with her colleague, Allen Hemphill. Part Two (Ch. 6-10) Characters Major Characters Maggie Glenn - the narrator of the story. Maggie is a 28-year-old photographer for The Messenger newspaper and has been assigned to cover the story of the drowning. Maggie is originally from Tamassee, South Carolina. Allen Hemphill - assigned to cover the story of the drowning with Maggie. He is 39-years-old. Minor Characters Lee Gervais - Maggie's boss and managing editor of The Messenger. Lee is 38-years-old, and it is implied that he has never had to work for anything, as he comes from a wealthy family. Thomas Hudson - owner of The Messenger newspaper, published out of Columbia, South Carolina. Publication history 2004, USA, Henry Holt , Pub date 2004, Hardback Awards and nominations Weatherford Award for Best Novel (2004) References Category:2004 novels Category:Novels set in South Carolina |
Munakata (surname) Munakata (written: or ) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include: , Japanese basketball player and coach , Japanese artist , Japanese politician , Japanese basketball player Yuko Munakata, American psychologist Fictional characters , a character in the video game Danganronpa 3: The End of Hope's Peak High School , a character in the anime series K Ryozo Munakata, a character in the video game Fatal Frame II: Crimson Butterfly Category:Japanese-language surnames |
Al Nahyaneia Model School Al Nahyaneia Model School is one of the first government-run schools built in the United Arab Emirates and the first in the city of Al Ain. It was established by H.H. Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan in the city of Al Ain in 1959. History Until the late 1950s, education generally took place at al-Katateeb. Under H.H. Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan, the decision was made to modernize the education system in the U.A.E. Al Nahyaneia Model School was one of the first schools built to achieve this goal. Departments Al Nahyaneia Model School has approximately 650 students and 70 teachers. The students are local Emirati boys. Core subjects offered are: Arabic, Islamic Studies, Social Studies, English, Math and Science. Non-core subjects include: Art, Music, Physical Education/Health Studies and Information Technology. The school has a library, student cafeteria, gymnasium, computer labs, music rooms, science labs and art rooms. There is a special education room and the school clinic has a full-time nurse. References United Arab Emirates by David C. King External links Abu Dhabi Education Council Al Nahyaneia Model School for Basic Education U.A.E. Education Information Category:Schools in the United Arab Emirates |
Sharni Layton Sharni Layton (born 6 January 1988) is a former Australian netball player, who last played Super Netball for the Collingwood Magpies in 2018. She is a decorated former player in the Australia national netball team, having won two Gold medals at the Netball World Cup and one gold medal at the Commonwealth Games. In September 2018, after retiring from netball, Layton switched to Australian rules football and was signed by Collingwood’s AFL Women’s team. She is engaged to Luke Norder. Netball career Domestic Born in Mordialloc, Victoria, Layton began her career in 2004 for the Melbourne Kestrels. She then received a scholarship to the Australian Institute of Sport in 2007, and was awarded captaincy in 2009. In 2008, Layton was signed to play for the Melbourne Vixens in the ANZ Championship. She was not signed the following year, but in 2010 Layton transferred to the Adelaide Thunderbirds. In 2010 she was the winner of the ANZ Championship's young player of the year award. She was part of the Thunderbirds winning premiership team that year. The following year she was elevated to the position of vice-captain of the Thunderbirds under Captain Natalie von Bertouch, before becoming co-captain alongside von Bertouch in 2012. Her Thunderbirds career culminated with a stellar defensive performance in the 2013 ANZ Championship Grand Final, which Adelaide won 50-48 over the Queensland Firebirds. On 29 July 2013, Layton signed with the New South Wales Swifts, where she grew in popularity over the next three seasons and was elevated in the team's leadership group. In 2017, Layton was one of several high-profile signings for the Collingwood Magpies in the new Suncorp Super Netball league. After the conclusion of the 2017 season, which saw the Magpies fall short in a cliffhanger elimination final against the Giants, Layton revealed she would take an indefinite break from the sport due to severe exhaustion. Layton returned to the Magpies in time for the 2018 season. On 18 July 2018, Layton announced she would retire from all levels of netball at the end of the season. She finished her career having played in more than 140 domestic matches, winning two premierships with the Adelaide Thunderbirds and claiming a player of the year award in 2016. However, after playing for Collingwood's AFLW and VFLW sides in 2019, in December Layton registered to play netball with the Peninsula Waves in 2020 in the Victorian Netball League. International Layton was a member of the Australian U21 team from 2006–09 winning gold at the 2009 World Youth Netball Championships in the Cook Islands where she was vice captain of the side. Later that year, Layton was selected to debut for the Australian Netball Diamonds at the World Netball Championships in Singapore, where the team won a gold medal and the Holden Netball Test Series, regaining the No. 1 rank in the world. Following Layton's Grand Final performance she was named in the Australian Netball Diamonds squad to attend a selection camp at the AIS. Following the camp, Layton was named in the team to compete against New Zealand in the Constellation cup and Malawi later in 2013. In 2014 Layton was named in the Australian National Netball Team to compete at the 2014 Commonwealth Games who went on to defeat the New Zealand National Netball Team in the gold medal match. This ended Australia's 12 year Commonwealth Games gold medal drought. Layton did not feature in the 2018 Quad Series or Commonwealth Games teams. Layton ended her career having earnt 46 national team caps. She is a two-time International Player of the Year winner and she |
captained the Diamonds in 2017. National career facts National representation record Source: 2010-2011, 2013-2014 Australian Diamonds 2009 Australian 21/U World Youth Netball Championships gold medal 2006-2009 Australian Under 21 Team Achievements Source: 2017 Aussie diamonds captain 2016 Australian ANZ Championship Player of the Year 2015 Netball World Cup Winner 2015 ANZ Championship Runner Up 2014 Commonwealth Games Gold Medal 2014 NSW Swifts Leadership Group 2012 Adelaide Thunderbirds Co-Captain 2011 World Champion with Australian Diamonds Winning the 2011 Holden Test Series to regain World No. 1 ranking with the Australian Diamonds 2011 Adelaide Thunderbirds Vice Captain 2010, 2013 ANZ Championship Premierships (Adelaide Thunderbirds) 2009 World Youth Netball Champion with Australian 21/U Team Awards Source: 2016 Australian ANZ Championship Player of the Year (NSW swifts) 2014 NSW Swifts Players' Player Award 2014 NSW Swifts Best Moment Award 2010 MARS ANZ Championship Best Young Player Award Australian rules football career Shortly after retiring from netball, Layton was signed as a player with the Collingwood Football Club. Layton was part of Collingwood's VFL Women's premiership team in 2019. Statistics Statistics are correct the end of the 2019 season. |- style="background-color: #eaeaea" ! scope="row" style="text-align:center" | 2019 |style="text-align:center;"| | 1 || 6 || 0 || 0 || 8 || 16 || 24 || 5 || 10 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 1.3 || 2.7 || 4.0 || 0.8 || 1.7 |- class="sortbottom" ! colspan=3| Career ! 6 ! 0 ! 0 ! 8 ! 16 ! 24 ! 5 ! 10 ! 0.0 ! 0.0 ! 1.3 ! 2.7 ! 4.0 ! 0.8 ! 1.7 |} References External links Netball Australia profile Magpies Netball profile Category:Adelaide Thunderbirds players Category:1988 births Category:Living people Category:New South Wales Swifts players Category:Collingwood Magpies Netball players Category:Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Australia Category:Netball players at the 2014 Commonwealth Games Category:Commonwealth Games medallists in netball Category:Australia international netball players Category:Collingwood Football Club (AFLW) players |
Åsen, Sweden Åsen is a locality situated in Älvdalen Municipality, Dalarna County, Sweden with 246 inhabitants in 2010. References Category:Populated places in Dalarna County Category:Populated places in Älvdalen Municipality |
1921 South American Championship The 1921 South American Championship was the fifth continental championship for nations in South America. It was held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, from October 2 to 30, 1921. The participating countries were Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay (which debuted in this edition) and Uruguay. Chile was also invited but withdrew due to internal problems in the team. Argentina won the tournament, being also its first official title. Squads For a complete list of participating squads see: 1921 South American Championship squads Venues Summary There was great expectations for the final match between Argentina and Uruguay. Sebastián García, president of Liga Rosarina de Football, made the arrangements for people to attend the match travelling from Rosario to Buenos Aires, with tickets at low prices. Near 3,000 people from Rosario travelled to support fellow citizens Julio Libonatti, Blas Saruppo, Adolfo Celli and Florindo Bearzotti. The train departed at 6 a.m., returning to Rosario at 6 p.m. To take pressure off the players, Argentine executives carried them to a training camp in Tigre, Buenos Aires Province. Bocce, fishing and music were some of the activities during their time there. The Friday before the final, while the Uruguayan players played basketball in their camp in Vicente López, the Argentine executives moved the players from Tigre to a hotel in Buenos Aires downtown, where they were strictly controlled. No one could escape from there, although the duo Carlos Gardel–José Razzano were performing at Teatro Esmeralda, not far from the hotel. Final positions Argentina: Tesoriere; Celli, Bearzotti; J. López, Dellavalle, E. Solari; Calomino, Libonatti, Saruppo, Echeverría, González Result Goal scorers 3 goals Julio Libonatti 2 goals Machado Ángel Romano 1 goal Raúl Echeverría Blas Saruppo Candiota Zezé I Ildefonso López Gerardo Rivas José Piendibene References 1921 1921 Category:1921 in South American football Category:1921 in Argentine football Category:1921 in Brazilian football Category:1921 in Uruguayan football Category:1921 in Paraguayan football 1921 Category:October 1921 sports events Category:Sports competitions in Buenos Aires Category:1920s in Buenos Aires |
Keutschacher See Keutschacher See () is a lake of Carinthia, Austria. It is sixth-largest in Carinthia, with an area of . It has a Neolithic stilt settlement, discovered by Ferdinand von Hochstetter in 1864. Geography The lake is located in an eponymous basin, formed by a tributary of the Draugletscher that is itself tracing out a tectonic fault. The lake was much larger in the past than it is today, as evidenced by the extensive marshland to the east and north of the lake. The lake has an oblong-oval shape. To the west lies a bay, into which the tributaries flow. To the east is a narrow peninsula, which extends about into the lake. In the middle of the lake there is a shoal where the water is only deep, but nearby the lake reaches its maximum depth of . The peninsula and the shoals are part of rock ridges that sweep under the lake bottom in a southwest-northeast direction. The western shore of the lake has extensive silt deposits, part of a sandy moor covered with sedge and reeds that extends to the Hafnersee. There is also a small pond, the "Moorteich." The catchment area of the lake covers . Of these, around 54% is forested, 30% agricultural land, 6% waters, and the remainder is developed into settlements or recreational areas. Usage With the exception of the northern shore, most parts of the lake and its catchment area are located in the Keutschacher Lake Valley nature reserve. However, the lake itself and the associated fishery are privately managed, and the lake is a popular site for bathing and fishing. On the south bank there are two nudist campsites with capacity for up to 3,000 guests. Stilt dwellings The shallows of the lake contain a pile dwelling from about 6000 years ago that appears to have been occupied for about 300 years. It is one of the oldest of four pole periods in Central Europe. At that time, the water level of the lake may have been around 1.5 m lower than it is today, so that village would have been located on an island. The settlement includes two types of houses: log cabins with mud walls and half-timbered houses made of wickerwork. The woods used to construct the structures vary widely. Dendrochronology suggests that two oak trunks used in the construction date to 3947 and 3871 BC. Radiometric data from other finds gives values ranging between 4340 and 3780 BC. The clay pottery found in the settlement is of Lasinja-Kanzianiberg type, common to Danubian Copper Age settlements. There is evidence of copper smelting, but the evidence has yet to be satisfactorily dated. Animal bones found among the food remains suggest that the inhabitants' meat came primarily from game hunting; 59% are from the red deer. Cattle bones also comprise a significant extent of the findings (13%). References External links Category:Lakes of Carinthia (state) |
RC Rivne RC Rivne () is a Ukrainian rugby club in Rivne. History The club was founded in 1999. Players Current squad External links RC Rivne Category:Rugby clubs established in 1999 Category:Ukrainian rugby union teams Category:Sport in Rivne |
Television's Greatest Hits: Black and White Classics Black and White Classics is the fifth volume of the Television's Greatest Hits series of compilation albums by TVT Records. The album catalog was later acquired by The Bicycle Music Company. In September 2011, Los Angeles-based Oglio Records announced they were releasing the Television's Greatest Hits song catalog after entering into an arrangement The Bicycle Music Company. A series of 9 initial "6-packs" including some of the songs from the album has been announced for 2011. Track listing A1 Astro Boy A2 Roger Ramjet A3 The Mighty Hercules A4 The Gumby Show A5 Beany and Cecil A6 Tennessee Tuxedo and His Tales A7 Quick Draw McGraw A8 Wally Gator A9 King Leonardo and His Short Subjects A10 The Big World of Little Adam A11 Kukla, Fran and Ollie ("Here We Are, Hop, Hop, Hop") A12 Soupy Sales A13 Captain Midnight B1 Make Room For Daddy ("Danny Boy" (AKA "Londonderry Air")) B2 Father Knows Best B3 My Little Margie B4 The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet B5 Hazel B6 Our Miss Brooks ("Whistling Bells") B7 Karen B8 The Real McCoys B9 Lassie B10 Walt Disney's Wonderful World of Color B11 Davy Crockett, King of the Wild Frontier ("The Ballad of Davy Crockett") C1 The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp C2 Gunsmoke ("The Old Trail") C3 Lawman C4 26 Men C5 Colt .45 C6 Cheyenne C7 Bronco C8 The Legend of Jesse James C9 Hopalong Cassidy ("Hopalong Cassidy March") C10 The Everglades C11 Adventures In Paradise C12 Victory At Sea ("Song of the High Seas") C13 Dr. Kildare ("Three Stars Will Shine Tonight") C14 Medic D1 Burke's Law D2 Highway Patrol D3 M Squad D4 The Detectives Starring Robert Taylor D5 The Untouchables D6 The Fugitive D7 Checkmate D8 Tightrope D9 Mr. Lucky D10 Bourbon Street Beat D11 Pete Kelly's Blues D12 Asphalt Jungle D13 Mr. Broadway ("Blues For Mr. Broadway") D14 Johnny Staccato D15 Naked City ("Somewhere In the Night") D16 The Twenty-First Century D17 The French Chef D18 Candid Camera D19 You Bet Your Life ("Hooray For Captain Spaulding") D20 Amos 'n' Andy ("Angel's Serenade") D21 The Abbott and Costello Show D22 Laurel and Hardy Laughtoons ("Kooky Koo-Koo") D23 The Lawrence Welk Show ("Bubbles In the Wine") D24 Ted Mack's Original Amateur Hour D25 Miss America Pageant ("There She Is, Miss America") D26 The Red Skelton Show ("Holiday For Strings") D27 The Bob Hope Show ("Thanks For the Memory") References External links Television's Greatest Hits at Oglio Records Category:1996 compilation albums Category:TVT Records compilation albums Category:Television's Greatest Hits albums |
Submarine 707 is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Satoru Ozawa and serialized in Weekly Shōnen Sunday between 1963 and 1965. The manga series was adapted into two original video animations (OVA). The first OVA, titled , was produced by Knack Productions and released on January 10, 1997. The second OVA, titled , consisted of two episodes produced by Group TAC and was released between September 26, 2003 and April 28, 2004. Plot In the near future, the world is at war: the USR (the Undersea Silence Revolution or the Underwater Silence Revolution) a mysterious organization led by Admiral Red and his powerful submarine UX, wants to stop human exploitation of the seas, having torpedoed many ships and ports. The world's navies unite and form the Peace Keeping Navy, or PKN, to fight the "terrorists". Every major UN member contributed a submarine, though the Japanese entry is an old clunker, the 707, and it is running late to the inaugural meeting. When the meeting finally begins, Admiral Red and the UX come to spoil the show with a spread of torpedoes. Arriving late in the battle, Captain Youhei Hayami steers the 707 into the way of a torpedo launched at the supercarrier that serves as the PKN's flagship. His ship is destroyed, but the flagship survives. Six months later, Captain Hayami is given command of the salvaged and rebuilt 707, and takes a crew of old comrades and brand new cadets to sea to fight Admiral Red once more. Characters Captain Yōhei Hayami : Maritime Self-Defense Force officer. The 707's captain. Hayato Nango Maritime Self-Defense Officer which through the manga series went from third to second grade officer and later became the captain of the 717 Admiral Red Terakaizo Omar : Commander of the USR and the submarine UX Release The first original attempt for an anime series based on the manga was planned back in 1964 but around the same time released as an audio drama on . In 1997, an OVA was released that titled by Toei Doga. The "Submarine 707R" OVAs were released by Aniplex back in Sept. 26, 2003 (mission 01) and April 24, 2004 (mission 02). References External links Official Website (Japanese) Category:1963 manga Category:1997 anime OVAs Category:2003 anime OVAs Category:Aniplex Category:Group TAC Category:Knack Productions Category:Geneon USA Category:Shōnen manga Category:Shogakukan franchises Category:Shogakukan manga Category:Submarines in fiction |
Samuel Block Samuel Block may refer to: Samuel W. Block (1911–1970), American lawyer Samuel Richard Block (died 1864), English merchant |
Scutigera Scutigera is a centipede genus in the family Scutigeridae. Member of the genus have pseudofaceted eyes. This type of eye consists of a cluster of numerous ocelli on each side of the head, organised in a way that resembles a true compound eye, a type of eye found in arthropods. Most myriapods bear stemmata - that is, single lensed eyes which evolved by the reduction of a compound eye. However, the genus Scutigera has secondarily re-evolved a compound eye composed of repeated stemmata. These appear to grow in rows which are inserted between existing rows of ocelli. Species Scutigera aethiopica Scutigera argentina Scutigera asiatica Scutigera buda Scutigera carrizala Scutigera chichivaca Scutigera coleoptrata Scutigera complanata Scutigera dubia Scutigera fissiloba Scutigera flavistoma Scutigera hispida Scutigera linceci Scutigera longitarsis Scutigera marmorea Scutigera melanostoma Scutigera nossibei Scutigera oweni Scutigera oxypyga Scutigera parcespinosa Scutigera planiceps Scutigera poicila Scutigera rubrilineata Scutigera sanguinea Scutigera sinuata Scutigera smithii Scutigera tancitarona Scutigera tonsoris Scutigera virescens Scutigera voeltzkowi References Lamarck J.-B., 1801. "Système des animaux sans vertebres". Paris, Deterville VIII + 432 pp., see p. 182. Würmli, M., 1977. "Zur Systematik der Gattung Scutigera (Chilopoda: Scutigeridae)". Abhandlungen und Verhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg N.F. 20: 123-131, see p. 123. External links Category:Centipede genera Category:Scutigeromorpha |
Battle of Crete order of battle This is the complete order of battle for the Battle of Crete and related operations in 1941. Allied Land forces Commonwealth & Allied Forces, Crete - "Creforce" Headquarters Creforce - (Eastern Zone, east of Chania) Major-General Bernard Freyberg, VC, Colonel Stewart C Squadron, 3rd The King's Own Hussars (seven light tanks) Major G.W.Peck 10 Light Tank Mk VIs B Squadron, 7th Royal Tank Regiment Lieutenant George Simpson Two Matilda tanks, crewed in part by two officers and five gunners of the 2/3rd Field Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery (RAA). 1st Battalion, The Welch Regiment Lieutenant Colonel A. Duncan, MC (Force Reserve) 2nd New Zealand Division Headquarters New Zealand Division - Brigadier, Acting Major General Edward Puttick - (Western Zone, west of Chania) 27th New Zealand Machine Gun Battalion (Lt. Col. FJ Gwilliam) 5th New Zealand Field Artillery Regiment 4th New Zealand Infantry Brigade (Brig. Lindsay Inglis) between Chania and Galatas 18th New Zealand Infantry Battalion 19th New Zealand Infantry Battalion 20th New Zealand Infantry Battalion 1st Light Troop, RA 5th New Zealand Infantry Brigade (Brig. James Hargest) (Maleme and Platanias) 21st New Zealand Infantry Battalion 22nd New Zealand Infantry Battalion 23rd New Zealand Infantry Battalion 28th (Maori) Infantry Battalion 7th Field Company New Zealand Engineers 19th Army Field Corps Company New Zealand Field Punishment Centre (FPC) Prisoners were released to fight the enemy. 1st Greek Regiment (1,030 Officers and men), (Col. IP Papadimitropoulos) Evelpidon Officers' Academy (17 Officers, 300 Cadets), (Lt. Col. Loukas Kitsos) 10th New Zealand Infantry Brigade (Lt. Col. Howard Kippenberger) (Galatas) New Zealand Divisional Cavalry New Zealand Composite Battalion (700 rifles). General Weston named this force the "Royal Perivolians" after they were supposedly involved in rescuing the King of Greece. 6th Greek Regiment (1,389 Officers and men), (Lt. Col. M Grigoriou) 8th Greek Regiment (840 Officers and men), (Lt. Col. Pan Karkoulas) British 14th Infantry Brigade Headquarters, 14 Bde (Brig. Brian Herbert Chappel) – at Heraklion 2nd Battalion, Leicestershire Regiment (Lt. Col. CHV Cox, DSO, MC) (637 personnel) 2nd Battalion, York and Lancaster Regiment (Lt. Col. A Gilroy) (742 personnel) 2nd Battalion, Black Watch (Major AA Pitcairn, temporary commander) (867 personnel) 1st Battalion, Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders (Lt. Col. RCB Anderson, DSO, MC) – Tymbaki sector 7th Medium Regiment, RA (Maj. R.J.B. Snook, DSO (wounded - 20 May 1941). No artillery weaponsa; equipped and served at Crete as infantry. (450 personnel) Attached to 14 Bde: Australian 2/4th Battalion (Lt. Col. Ivan Dougherty) (550 personnel) Greek 3rd Regiment (Lt. Col Ant Betinakis) (656 personnel) Greek 7th Regiment (Col. E Cheretis) (877 personnel) Greek Garrison Battalion (commander unknown; ex-Greek 5th "Crete" Division, left behind as a garrison when their division was summoned to defend the mainland) 830 personnel) 19th Australian Infantry Brigade Mobile Base Defence Organization Headquarters Mobile Base Defence Organization - Maj.-Gen. CE Weston-Souda Bay 15th Coast Regiment, RA "S" Royal Marine Composite Battalion, Maj. R Garrett (Royal Marines) 1st Battalion, The Rangers, The King's Royal Rifle Corps - (later designated 9th Battalion, The King's Royal Rifle Corps (The Rangers)) 102nd (Northumberland Hussars) Anti-Tank Regiment, Royal Artillery - no equipment, used as infantry 106th (Lancashire Hussars) Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery - Lt. Col. AF Hely 16th Australian Brigade Composite Battalion - 350 officers and menFormed from the under strength 2/2nd and 2/3rd Australian Infantry Battalions 17th Australian Brigade Composite Battalion - 270 officers and menFormed from the understrength 2/5th and 2/6th Australian Infantry Battalions 2nd Greek Regiment - 930 Officers and Men 2nd Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Marines Naval forces Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean Fleet - Admiral Sir Andrew B Cunningham Forces A1 Force |
A1 - Rear Admiral H B Rawlings (R.A., 7th Cruiser Squadron) Queen Elizabeth-class battleships HMS Warspite (03) - Captain DB Fisher - damaged HMS Valiant (02) - Capt. CE Morgan - damaged G and H-class destroyers - Cmdr. WR Marshall-A'Deane, Sunk 22 May 1941 - Lt. KRC Letts - Lt. GRG Watkins - Cmdr. HW Briggs J-class destroyer - Lt. Cmdr. JFW Hine Force B Force B - Capt. Henry A Rowley Light cruisers HMS Gloucester (62) - Capt. Henry A Rowley, sunk 22 May 1941 with the loss of 722 crew HMS Fiji (58) - Capt. PBRW William-Powlett, sunk 22 May 1941 HMS Orion (85) - Capt. GRB Back - damaged HMS Dido (37) - Capt. HWV McCall - damaged Destroyers HMS Decoy (H75) - Cmdr. EG McGregor HMS Hereward (H93) - Lt. WJ Munn, sunk by enemy aircraft 29 May 1941. HMS Hotspur (H01) - Lt.Cmdr. CPF Brown HMS Imperial (D09) - Lt. Cmdr. CA De W Kitcat, sunk 29 May 1941 off Crete HMS Jackal (F22) - Lt. Cmdr. MP Jonas HMS Kimberley (F50) - Lt. Cmdr. JSM Richardson Force C Force D Force E Force E - Captain JP Mack (CO 14th Destroyer Flotilla) - Capt. (D2) H St L Nicholson - Capt. (D14) P J Mack - Lt. Cmdr. Max Joshua Clark - Capt. TC Hampton - damaged 5th Destroyer Flotilla 5th Destroyer Flotilla - Captain Mountbatten HMS Kelly (F01) - Capt. Lord Louis Mountbatten, Sunk 23 May 1941 HMS Kashmir (F12) - Cmdr. HA King, Sunk 23 May 1941 HMS Kelvin (F37) - Cmdr. JH Alison - damaged HMS Jackal (F22) - Lt.Cmdr. MP Jonas HMS Kipling (F91) - Cmdr. A St Clair-Ford Evacuation Fleet Sphakia evacuation force - Rear-Admiral King HMS Phoebe - Capt. G Grantham, light cruiser HMAS Perth - Capt. Sir P.W. Bowyer-Smith, light cruiser - damaged HMS Coventry - Capt. WP Carne, light cruiser HMS Calcutta - Capt. DM Lees, Anti-aircraft cruiser, sunk 1 June 1941 with 255 survivors HMS Glengyle - Capt. CH Petrie, Landing Ship, Infantry (Large) HMAS Napier (G97) - Capt. Stephen Harry Tolson Arliss RN, N-class Flotilla Leader. HMAS Nizam (G38) - Lt. Cmdr. Max Joshua Clark HMS Kelvin (F37) - Cmdr. JH Alison HMS Kandahar (F28) - Cmdr. WGA Robson Air forces Air Officer Commander-in-Chief, Middle East - Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur Longmore No. 30 Squadron RAF (Squadron Leader RA Milward/Sqn. Ldr. Shannon) - Bristol Blenheim No. 33 Squadron RAF (Sqn. Ldr. MT StJ Prattle/Sqn.Ldr. Edward Howell, OBE, DFC) - Gloster Gladiator, Hawker Hurricane No. 80 Squadron RAF (Sqn. Ldr. EG Jones) - Gloster Gladiator, Hawker Hurricane No. 112 Squadron RAF (Sqn. Ldr. LG Schwab) - Gloster Gladiator, Hawker Hurricane No. 203 Squadron RAF - Bristol Blenheim Axis forces Land, Airborne and Air forces Fliegerkorps XI Fliegerkorps VIII Luftflotte IV Luftlande Sturmregiment Two glider companies were detached and seconded to 7th Flieger Division, below 7th Flieger Division The 2nd Battalion of the 2nd FJ Rgt was used with the 1st FJ Rgt 5th Gebirgs Division See also Battle of Crete List of orders of battle Notes References Sources External links Crete Order of Battle Battle of Crete Naval Order of Battles Order of Battle Site - Battle of Crete Matilda Tanks at Retimo on the Island of Crete Crete Order of Battle |
Canebrake (region of Alabama) The Canebrake refers to a historical region of west-central Alabama that was once dominated by thickets of Arundinaria, a type of bamboo, or cane, native to North America. It was centered on the junction of the Tombigbee and Black Warrior rivers, near Demopolis, and extended eastward to include large parts of Hale, Marengo, and Perry counties. Portions of Greene and Sumter were also often included. Cane thickets once covered hundreds of thousands of acres in Alabama, but this area, lying within the Black Belt, had the most extensive stands. It was noted by naturalist William Bartram as he traveled along the Tombigbee River in 1775. He described cane that was "thick as a man's arm, or three or four inches in diameter; I suppose one joint of some of them would contain above a quart of water." The cane began to disappear with the large-scale arrival of white settlers following the Creek Wars. The settlers introduced crops that replaced the native cane and their suppression of fire allowed the cane in other areas to be overtaken by species that would have naturally been kept in check by fire. However, as late as 1845, Scottish geologist Charles Lyell noted the height and density of cane along the Black Warrior River. In his account of the Canebrake region, "Chronicles of the Canebrake, 1817-1860", John Witherspoon DuBose details the early settlers. References Category:Regions of Alabama |
Methuen Water Works The Methuen Water Works is a historic water works building on Cross Street in Methuen, Massachusetts. Built in 1893 or soon thereafter, it was one of the city's first major public works project. The surviving building, designed by Elbridge Boyden, is a distinctive local example of Romanesque architecture. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. It now houses offices of the city's water department. Description and history The former Methuen Water Works building is located in northwestern Methuen, on the west side of Cross Street near its crossing of Harris Brook. It is a single-story masonry structure, built out of red brick with a slate hip roof. At the center is a circular wooden cupola, which is clad in wooden shingles and topped by a conical roof. The main facade is three bays wide, with two large round-arch openings flanking the center entrance. A course of rusticated stone extends between the window bays and acts as a lintel for the entrance. To the right of the main block is a projecting hyphen that ends in a small circular brick structure, also capped by a conical roof. The interior originally housed a boiler in one chamber and steam-powered pump engine in another. The town established a water board in 1893, which in September of that year approved construction of this building. It was designed by Elbridge Boyden, whose credits include water works facilities in a number of other Massachusetts communities. It was largely complete later that year, built by Peabody and Pike of Lawrence. The pump in the facility was used to pump water from Harris Brook to a reservoir on Foster's Hill at . Construction of these facilities was funded in part by town taxes, and by gifts from local businessmen and philanthropists. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Methuen, Massachusetts National Register of Historic Places listings in Essex County, Massachusetts References Category:Industrial buildings completed in 1893 Category:Buildings and structures in Methuen, Massachusetts Category:Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Massachusetts Category:National Register of Historic Places in Methuen, Massachusetts |
T.P. James Thomas Power James (better known as T. P. James) was a publisher in Brattleboro, Vermont best known for publishing a completion of Charles Dickens' The Mystery of Edwin Drood claimed to be written by the spirit of Dickens channeled through a spiritualist summoning. The book, published in 1873 under the title Part Second of the Mystery of Edwin Drood, was reviewed by the New York Times, as well as regional newspapers, like the Salem Observer. With a successful marketing campaign, the book became an item of comment in the literary community, with an essay by Arthur Conan Doyle in The Bookman negatively comparing the continuation of the novel with the original work. Subsequent scholarship has later debated the authenticity and similarity of the work to the original Dickens. A writing contest is hosted every year in the town of Brattleboro to commemorate the hoax publisher. References Further reading External links Category:American spiritualists Category:Charles Dickens Category:People from Brattleboro, Vermont Category:Publishers (people) |
Louis Magee Aloysius Mary "Louis" Magee (1 May 1874 – 4 April 1945) was an Irish rugby union halfback. Magee played club rugby for Bective Rangers and London Irish and played international rugby for Ireland and was part of the British Isles team in their 1896 tour of South Africa. Magee was capped 27 times for Ireland, ten as captain, and won two Championships, leading Ireland to a Triple Crown win in the 1899 Home Nations Championship. Magee was one of the outstanding half backs of world rugby prior to 1914, and is credited as being a driving force in turning Ireland from a no-hope team into one that commanded respect. Rugby career Magee came from a well known sporting family. His eldest brother Joseph Magee was also an international rugby player for Ireland, while another brother James played cricket for Ireland. His brother-in-law, Tommy Little, played rugby for Ireland between 1898 and 1901. Magee played almost the entirety of his rugby for club team Bective Rangers, as did both his brothers. In 1898, while in London, Magee was approached by newly formed club, London Irish, to play for the first team. When Magee accepted, his presence in the team helped recruit other countrymen to join the exile club, and is seen as a major catalyst in the success of the club. Early international career Magee first played international rugby during the 1895 Home Nations Championship in an encounter with England. Magee was selected along with his brother Joseph, but Joseph's international career ended after only two games, playing in only the first two matches of the 1895 season. Although Ireland narrowly lost the opening game, Magee scored the only points for Ireland when he scored his first international try. Magee was reselected for the next two games of the Championship, Ireland losing both narrowly in two tight matches which saw Ireland end bottom of the table for the season. British Isles tour 1896 was a turn around in fortunes for Ireland, beating England and Wales and drawing 0–0 with Scotland, giving Ireland its second Championship in three years. Magee played in all three games of the season making him a Championship winning player. Towards the end of the 1896 season, Magee was approached by Johnny Hammond to join his British Isles team on their tour of South Africa. Magee accepted, and was joined on the tour by his brother James, who was also a member of Bective Rangers. The tour was notable for the large contingent of Irish players, who had been poorly represented on previous tours. The other Irish players being Thomas Crean, Robert Johnston, Larry Bulger, Jim Sealy, Andrew Clinch, Arthur Meares and Cecil Boyd. Magee played in only fourteen of the 21 arranged games of the tour, but played in four Test games against the South African national team. In the First Test he was partnered at half back with Matthew Mullineux, but for the final three tests he was joined by Cambridge University player Sydney Pyman Bell. 1899 Home Nations Championship On his return to Britain, Magee retained his position in the Ireland national team, and from his first game in 1895 he played at centre for 26 consecutive games taking in eight Championship seasons. Magee's finest season was the 1899 Home Nations Championship, which saw him gain the captaincy of the national team in the opening game of the campaign, a home match against England. Ireland won 6–0, with Magee scoring with a penalty kick and long term Irish half back partner, Gerald Allen, scoring a try. Magee then set up two of the |
tries in a 9–3 victory of Scotland, leaving the encounter with Wales as the decider for the Triple Crown. The game was played at Cardiff Arms Park in front of a record crowd of 40,000, who constantly disrupted the game as the spectators spilled onto the pitch. The game was decided by a single try by Ireland's Gerry Doran, but Magee was called into action preventing a try from one of the Welsh three-quarters in the last minute with a tackle from behind. The win gave Ireland the Triple Crown for the second time in the country's history. 1900–1904 Magee continued to captain his country over the next two seasons, but he did not experience the same success as in the 1899 campaign. A single draw against Scotland was the best result in 1900, and apart from a good win over England in 1901 and a strong three-quarters, there was little to celebrate in the Irish results. The 1902 Championship saw Magee lose the captaincy to half back John Fulton. Ireland lost their opening match against England, but after a win over Scotland, Magee was handed the captain's position for the final encounter, against Wales. Ireland were well-beaten in their biggest home defeat since the start of the Championship competition. The 1903 Championship started with a strong win over England, but the Irish captaincy was now in the hands of Harry Corley, Magee's half back partner since the start of 1902. Magee was seen as one of the finest half backs to come out of Ireland, his playing style was of a basic left-side, right-side tradition of half back play; Corley was one of the first specialised fly-halves, pointing the new way forward in rugby play. Ireland failed to capitalise on their strong opening game, losing narrowly to Scotland and then being completely out-classed by Wales. losing 18–0. Magee was dropped for the 1904 Home Nations Championship, replaced by Robinson and Kennedy, as Corley was moved to the centre position. But the team were well beaten by both England and then Scotland, leading the Irish selectors to make eight changes in the final match at home to Wales. Magee was recalled to partner Kennedy in his final international, and the game turned out to be the match of the season. The Welsh took an early lead, but after Ireland were reduced to 14 men through an injury, the team appeared inspired and improved their game. With four tries from each side, the only difference was that Ireland managed to convert one of their tries, whereas Wales missed all theirs. Magee finished his international career with a great win, and with 27 appearances was the most capped Irish player to date. Notes References Category:1874 births Category:1945 deaths Category:Rugby union players from County Dublin Category:Irish rugby union players Category:Ireland international rugby union players Category:British and Irish Lions rugby union players from Ireland Category:Bective Rangers players Category:London Irish players |
Baan (surname) Baan is a Dutch surname with a variety of origins. Variant forms are Baans, Baen, De Baan, De Baen and Van der Baan. It can be patronymic, where Baan or Bane may be, among others, a short form of Urbanus. Alternatively, given that Dutch baan can mean "lane" or "track", it may be a toponymic or metonymic occupational surname, referring e.g. to a kaatser or road maker. People with this name include: Baan David Baan (1908–1984), Dutch boxer Iwan Baan (born 1975), Dutch photographer Jan Baan (born 1946), Dutch entrepreneur and venture capitalist, brother of Paul Paul Baan (born 1951), Dutch entrepreneur and venture capitalist, brother of Jan Baan Corporation, software company founded by Jan and Paul Baan (1912–1975), Dutch forensic psychiater, namesake of the Pieter Baan Centre Rob Baan (born 1943), Dutch football coach Baans Madelon Baans (born 1977), Dutch breaststroke swimmer Baen Jim Baen (1943–2006), American science fiction publisher and editor (Baen Books) De Baan / De Baen Jan de Baan or de Baen (1633–1702), Dutch portrait painter Jacobus de Baan or de Baen (1673–1700), Dutch portrait painter, son of Jan See also Baan (disambiguation) Huda al-Baan (born ca. 1960), Yemeni politician László Baán (born 1961), Hungarian economist and museum curator Willem-Alexander Baan, an artificial rowing lake in the Netherlands References Category:Dutch-language surnames |
The Death of Willie Lynch The Death of Willie Lynch is the debut album released by Black Ice, an African-American rapper and poet. Although originally signed to Def Jam Records, Black Ice was thankful to have this album released by the indie label Koch Records. Eric "Booty" Greene handled the production for this album. The title refers to the William Lynch Speech. Track listing Personnel See also Russell Simmons' Def Poetry Jam References External links Black Ice on MySpace KOCH Records Def Poetry Jam Def Poetry Jam on HBO Category:2006 albums Category:Hip hop albums by American artists |
Gaius Julius Alexion Gaius Julius Alexion also known as Alexion II (, flourished 1st century) was a Syrian Prince and Roman Client Priest King of Emesa. Family Alexion was a monarch of Arab, Greek, Armenian, Medes, Berber and Roman ancestry. He was the child born to the monarchs Sohaemus of Emesa and Drusilla of Mauretania. The father of Alexion, Sohaemus was an Emesene Prince and ruled as Priest King from 54 until his death in 73. He was the second son of the previous ruling Emesene Monarchs Sampsiceramus II and his wife Iotapa. Alexion's late paternal uncle was the childless Emesene King Gaius Julius Azizus who was the first husband of the Herodian Princess Drusilla, while he had two paternal aunts, Iotapa who married the Herodian Prince Aristobulus Minor and Mamaea. The mother of Alexion was Drusilla of Mauretania, a Princess from Mauretania, North Africa. Drusilla was the child of the late Roman Client Monarchs Ptolemy of Mauretania and Julia Urania. The mother of Drusilla may have been a member of the Royal family of Emesa and her father was a maternal grandson of the Ptolemaic Greek Queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt and Roman Triumvir Mark Antony. The name Alexion is a variant of the ancient Greek name Alexander. The name Alexander was a dynastic name in the Emesani Royal Family; the Seleucid dynasty; the Ptolemaic dynasty and perhaps Alexion's parents named him an intent to recover their heritage and connections to Alexander the Great. Alexion was a descendant of the Seleucid dynasty; the Ptolemaic dynasty and a distant relative of Alexander the Great through his paternal grandmother and maternal grandfather. Life Alexion was born and raised in Emesa. After his father died, Alexion succeeded his father as Priest King of Emesa. Alexion ruled as a Priest King from 73 until his death in 78, thus he was a contemporary of the ruling Roman emperor Vespasian. He was the priest of the Syrian Sun God, known in Aramaic as El-Gebal. Little is known on him. What is known about Alexion is from surviving inscriptions from Emesa. There was a noted sepulchral Greek inscription on the mausoleum of Emesa dated 78/79 at Emesa, dedicated by Gaius Julius Sampsigeramus Seilas, who may have been related to the Sampsigeramid dynasty: Gaius Julius, Fabia, Sampsigeramus, also called Seilas, son of Gaius Julius Alexion, while still living made this for himself and his family, year 390 After the death of Alexion, the generations after him are not recorded sufficiently to accurately present a pedigree. A descendant of Alexion's is the Emesene high priest Gaius Julius Bassianus, who was the father of the Roman Empress Julia Domna and another possible descendant was the Syrian Queen of the 3rd century, Zenobia of Palmyra. References Sources Kingdom of Commagene Royal Egyptian Genealogy: Ptolemaic Descendants Cleopatra's Children and Descendants at Ancient History by Suite101 Ptolemaic Genealogy - Cleopatra Selene Ptolemaic Genealogy - Alexander Helios Alexion meaning and name origin H. Temporini & W. Haase, Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt: Geschichte und Kultur Roms im spiegel der neueren Forschung, Walter de Gruyter, 1977 D.W. Roller, The Building Program of Herod the Great, University of California Press, 1998 A.R. Birley, Septimius Severus: the African emperor, Routledge, 1999 J.P. Brown, Israel and Hellas, Volume 3, Walter de Gruyter, 2001 M. Chahin, The Kingdom of Armenia, Routledge, 2001 B. Levick, Julia Domna, Syrian Empress, Taylor & Francis, 2007 Category:People from Homs Category:People of Roman Syria Category:Royal Family of Emesa Category:Roman client rulers Category:Ptolemaic dynasty Category:1st-century monarchs in the Middle East Category:1st-century Romans Category:Middle Eastern kings Alexion, Gaius |
S. S. Omane S. S. Omane (died 11 September 2014) was a Ghanaian police officer and was the Inspector General of Police of the Ghana Police Service from 9 March 1984 to 12 June 1986. References Category:Ghanaian police officers Category:Ghanaian Inspector Generals of Police Category:Possibly living people Category:2014 deaths |
Diesel fuel Diesel fuel in general is any liquid fuel used in diesel engines, whose fuel ignition takes place, without any spark, as a result of compression of the inlet air mixture and then injection of fuel. (Glow plugs, grid heaters and block heaters help to achieve high temperatures for combustion during engine startup in cold weather.) Diesel engines have found broad use as a result of higher thermodynamic efficiency and thus fuel efficiency. This is particularly noted where diesel engines are run at part-load; as their air supply is not throttled as in a petrol engine, their efficiency still remains very high. The most common type of diesel fuel is a specific fractional distillate of petroleum fuel oil, but alternatives that are not derived from petroleum, such as biodiesel, biomass to liquid (BTL) or gas to liquid (GTL) diesel, are increasingly being developed and adopted. To distinguish these types, petroleum-derived diesel is increasingly called petrodiesel. Ultra-low-sulfur diesel (ULSD) is a standard for defining diesel fuel with substantially lowered sulfur contents. As of 2016, almost all of the petroleum-based diesel fuel available in the UK, mainland Europe, and North America is of a ULSD type. In the UK, diesel fuel for on-road use is commonly abbreviated DERV, standing for diesel-engined road vehicle, which carries a tax premium over equivalent fuel for non-road use. In Australia, diesel fuel is also known as distillate, and in Indonesia, it is known as Solar, a trademarked name by the local oil company Pertamina. Origins Diesel fuel originated from experiments conducted by German scientist and inventor Rudolf Diesel for his compression-ignition engine he invented in 1892. Diesel originally designed his engine to use coal dust as fuel, and experimented with other fuels including vegetable oils, such as peanut oil, which was used to power the engines which he exhibited at the 1900 Paris Exposition and the 1911 World's Fair in Paris. Types Diesel fuel is produced from various sources, the most common being petroleum. Other sources include biomass, animal fat, biogas, natural gas, and coal liquefaction. Petroleum diesel Petroleum diesel, also called petrodiesel, or fossil diesel is the most common type of diesel fuel. It is produced from the fractional distillation of crude oil between and at atmospheric pressure, resulting in a mixture of carbon chains that typically contain between 9 and 25 carbon atoms per molecule. Synthetic diesel Synthetic diesel can be produced from any carbonaceous material, including biomass, biogas, natural gas, coal and many others. The raw material is gasified into synthesis gas, which after purification is converted by the Fischer–Tropsch process to a synthetic diesel. The process is typically referred to as biomass-to-liquid (BTL), gas-to-liquid (GTL) or coal-to-liquid (CTL), depending on the raw material used. Paraffinic synthetic diesel generally has a near-zero content of sulfur and very low aromatics content, reducing unregulated emissions of toxic hydrocarbons, nitrous oxides and particulate matter (PM). Biodiesel Fatty-acid methyl ester (FAME), more widely known as biodiesel, is obtained from vegetable oil or animal fats (biolipids) which have been transesterified with methanol. It can be produced from many types of oils, the most common being rapeseed oil (rapeseed methyl ester, RME) in Europe and soybean oil (soy methyl ester, SME) in the US. Methanol can also be replaced with ethanol for the transesterification process, which results in the production of ethyl esters. The transesterification processes use catalysts, such as sodium or potassium hydroxide, to convert vegetable oil and methanol into FAME and the undesirable byproducts glycerine and water, which will need to be removed from the fuel along with methanol traces. FAME can be used pure (B100) |
in engines where the manufacturer approves such use, but it is more often used as a mix with diesel, BXX where XX is the biodiesel content in percent. FAME as a fuel is specified in DIN EN 14214 and ASTM D6751. Fuel equipment manufacturers (FIE) have raised several concerns regarding FAME fuels, identifying FAME as being the cause of the following problems: corrosion of fuel injection components, low-pressure fuel system blockage, increased dilution and polymerization of engine sump oil, pump seizures due to high fuel viscosity at low temperature, increased injection pressure, elastomeric seal failures and fuel injector spray blockage. Pure biodiesel has an energy content about 5–10% lower than petroleum diesel. The loss in power when using pure biodiesel is 5–7%. Unsaturated fatty acids are the source for the lower oxidation stability; they react with oxygen and form peroxides and result in degradation byproducts, which can cause sludge and lacquer in the fuel system. As FAME contains low levels of sulfur, the emissions of sulfur oxides and sulfates, major components of acid rain, are low. Use of biodiesel also results in reductions of unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter. CO emissions using biodiesel are substantially reduced, on the order of 50% compared to most petrodiesel fuels. The exhaust emissions of particulate matter from biodiesel have been found to be 30% lower than overall particulate matter emissions from petrodiesel. The exhaust emissions of total hydrocarbons (a contributing factor in the localized formation of smog and ozone) are up to 93% lower for biodiesel than diesel fuel. Biodiesel also may reduce health risks associated with petroleum diesel. Biodiesel emissions showed decreased levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and nitrited PAH compounds, which have been identified as potential cancer-causing compounds. In recent testing, PAH compounds were reduced by 75–85%, except for benz(a)anthracene, which was reduced by roughly 50%. Targeted nPAH compounds were also reduced dramatically with biodiesel fuel, with 2-nitrofluorene and 1-nitropyrene reduced by 90%, and the rest of the nPAH compounds reduced to only trace levels. Hydrogenated oils and fats This category of diesel fuels involves converting the triglycerides in vegetable oil and animal fats into alkanes by refining and hydrogenation, such as H-Bio. The produced fuel has many properties that are similar to synthetic diesel, and are free from the many disadvantages of FAME. DME Dimethyl ether, DME, is a synthetic, gaseous diesel fuel that results in clean combustion with very little soot and reduced NOx emissions. Storage In the US, diesel is recommended to be stored in a yellow container to differentiate it from kerosene and gasoline, which are typically kept in blue and red containers, respectively. In the UK, diesel is normally stored in a black container, to differentiate it from unleaded petrol (which is commonly stored in a green container) and leaded petrol (which is stored in a red container). Measurements and pricing Cetane number The principal measure of diesel fuel quality is its cetane number. A cetane number is a measure of the delay of ignition of a diesel fuel. A higher cetane number indicates that the fuel ignites more readily when sprayed into hot compressed air. European (EN 590 standard) road diesel has a minimum cetane number of 51. Fuels with higher cetane numbers, normally "premium" diesel fuels with additional cleaning agents and some synthetic content, are available in some markets. Fuel value and price As of 2010, the density of petroleum diesel is about 0.832 kg/L (6.943 lb/US gal), about 11.6% more than ethanol-free petrol (gasoline), which has a density of about 0.745 kg/L (6.217 lb/US gal). About 86.1% of the fuel |
mass is carbon, and when burned, it offers a net heating value of 43.1 MJ/kg as opposed to 43.2 MJ/kg for gasoline. However, due to the higher density, diesel offers a higher volumetric energy density at 35.86 MJ/L (128,700 BTU/US gal) vs. 32.18 MJ/L (115,500 BTU/US gal) for gasoline, some 11% higher, which should be considered when comparing the fuel efficiency by volume. The CO2 emissions from diesel are 73.25 g/MJ, just slightly lower than for gasoline at 73.38 g/MJ. Diesel is generally simpler to refine from petroleum than gasoline, and contains hydrocarbons having a boiling point in the range of 180–360 °C (360–680 °F). The price of diesel traditionally rises during colder months as demand for heating oil rises, which is refined in much the same way. Because of recent changes in fuel quality regulations, additional refining is required to remove sulfur, which contributes to a sometimes higher cost. In many parts of the United States and throughout the United Kingdom and Australia, diesel may be priced higher than petrol. Reasons for higher-priced diesel include the shutdown of some refineries in the Gulf of Mexico, diversion of mass refining capacity to gasoline production, and a recent transfer to ultra-low-sulfur diesel (ULSD), which causes infrastructural complications. In Sweden, a diesel fuel designated as MK-1 (class 1 environmental diesel) is also being sold; this is a ULSD that also has a lower aromatics content, with a limit of 5%. This fuel is slightly more expensive to produce than regular ULSD. Taxation Diesel fuel is very similar to heating oil, which is used in central heating. In Europe, the United States, and Canada, taxes on diesel fuel are higher than on heating oil due to the fuel tax, and in those areas, heating oil is marked with fuel dyes and trace chemicals to prevent and detect tax fraud. "Untaxed" diesel (sometimes called "off-road diesel" or "red diesel" due to its red dye) is available in some countries for use primarily in agricultural applications, such as fuel for tractors, recreational and utility vehicles or other noncommercial vehicles that do not use public roads. This fuel may have sulfur levels that exceed the limits for road use in some countries (e.g. US). This untaxed diesel is dyed red for identification, and using this untaxed diesel fuel for a typically taxed purpose (such as driving use), the user can be fined (e.g. US$10,000 in the US). In the United Kingdom, Belgium and the Netherlands, it is known as red diesel (or gas oil), and is also used in agricultural vehicles, home heating tanks, refrigeration units on vans/trucks which contain perishable items such as food and medicine and for marine craft. Diesel fuel, or marked gas oil is dyed green in the Republic of Ireland and Norway. The term "diesel-engined road vehicle" (DERV) is used in the UK as a synonym for unmarked road diesel fuel. In India, taxes on diesel fuel are lower than on petrol, as the majority of the transportation for grain and other essential commodities across the country runs on diesel. Taxes on biodiesel in the US vary between states; some states (Texas, for example) have no tax on biodiesel and a reduced tax on biodiesel blends equivalent to the amount of biodiesel in the blend, so that B20 fuel is taxed 20% less than pure petrodiesel. Other states, such as North Carolina, tax biodiesel (in any blended configuration) the same as petrodiesel, although they have introduced new incentives to producers and users of all biofuels. Uses Unlike gasoline and liquefied petroleum gas engines, diesel engines do not use high-voltage spark ignition |
(spark plugs). An engine running on diesel compresses the air inside the cylinder to high pressures and temperatures (compression ratios from 14:1 to 18:1 are common in current diesel engines); the engine generally injects the diesel fuel directly into the cylinder, starting a few degrees before top dead center (TDC) and continuing during the combustion event. The high temperatures inside the cylinder cause the diesel fuel to react with the oxygen in the mix (burn or oxidize), heating and expanding the burning mixture to convert the thermal/pressure difference into mechanical work, i.e., to move the piston. Engines have glow plugs and grid heaters to help start the engine by preheating the cylinders to a minimum operating temperature. Diesel engines are lean burn engines, burning the fuel in more air than is needed for the chemical reaction. They thus use less fuel than rich burn spark ignition engines which use a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio (just enough air to react with the fuel). As Professor Harvey of the University of Toronto notes, "due to the absence of throttling [constant amount of air admitted, per unit fuel, with no user-determined variation], and the high compression ratio and lean fuel mixture, diesel engines are substantially more efficient than spark-ignited engines", generally; Harvey cites the side-by-side comparisons of Schipper et al. and the estimates of >20% lower fuel use and (given differences in energy content between fuel types) >15% lower energy use. Gas turbine and some other types of internal combustion engines, and external combustion engine, both can also be designed to take diesel fuel. The viscosity requirement of diesel fuel is usually specified at 40 °C. A disadvantage of diesel as a vehicle fuel in cold climates is that its viscosity increases as the temperature decreases, changing it into a gel (see Compression Ignition – Gelling) that cannot flow in fuel systems. Special low-temperature diesel contains additives to keep it liquid at lower temperatures, but starting a diesel engine in very cold weather may still pose considerable difficulties. Another disadvantage of diesel engines compared to petrol/gasoline engines is the possibility of diesel engine runaway failure. Since diesel engines do not need spark ignition, they can run as long as diesel fuel is supplied. Fuel is typically supplied via a fuel pump. If the pump breaks down in an open position, the supply of fuel will be unrestricted, and the engine will run away and risk terminal failure. With turbocharged engines, the oil seals on the turbocharger may fail, allowing lubricating oil into the combustion chamber, where it is burned like regular diesel fuel. In vehicles or installations that use diesel engines and also bottled gas, a gas leak into the engine room could also provide fuel for a runaway, via the engine air intake. The crank case ventilation of modern road-use diesel engines is diverted into the intake manifold, because ventilating the crank case into outside air is inadvisable due to lubricant mist it contains. If the engine's piston rings malfunction, this will cause excessive pressure in the crank case forcing mist of engine lubricant into the intake manifold. Since most engines use oil which can be burnt in the same fashion as diesel, this will result in diesel engine runaway. To prevent that, more premium crank case ventilation solutions are fitted with a filter to catch out lubricant mist. Most modern road use diesel engines are provided with an FRP valve in the intake manifold (sometimes misidentified as a petrol engine throttle body). In most basic applications this valve will close a flow of air to the engine when the vehicle is switched |
off, preventing diesel engine runaway by starving the engine of oxygen; this will also make standard shutdown much smoother by eliminating compression and decompression rattle by making the pistons effectively work in vacuum. In more advanced control systems this FRP valve can be shut by an electronic control unit when it senses runaway scenario. Trucks Diesel fuel is widely used in most types of transportation. Trucks and buses, which were often gasoline-powered in the 1920s through 1950s, are now almost exclusively diesel-powered. The gasoline-powered passenger automobile is the major exception; diesel cars are less numerous worldwide. Railroad Diesel displaced coal and fuel oil for steam-powered vehicles in the latter half of the 20th century, and is now used almost exclusively for the combustion engines of self-powered rail vehicles (locomotives and railcars). Aircraft The first diesel-powered flight of a fixed-wing aircraft took place on the evening of 18 September 1928, at the Packard Proving Grounds near Utica, Michigan. With Captain Lionel M. Woolson and Walter Lees at the controls the first "official" test flight was taken the next morning, flying a Stinson SM1B (X7654), powered by a Packard DR-980 9-cylinder diesel radial engine, designed by Woolson. Charles Lindbergh flew the same aircraft and in 1929, it was flown nonstop from Detroit to Langley Field, near Norfolk, Virginia. In 1931, Walter Lees and Fredrick Brossy set the nonstop flight record flying a Bellanca powered by a Packard diesel for 84 hours and 32 minutes. X7654 is now owned by Greg Herrick and is at the Golden Wings Flying Museum near Minneapolis, Minnesota. Diesel engines for airships were developed in both Germany and the United Kingdom by Daimler-Benz and Beardmore produced the Daimler-Benz DB 602 and Beardmore Typhoon respectively. The LZ 129 Hindenburg rigid airship was powered by four Daimler-Benz DB 602 16-cylinder diesel engines, each with available in bursts and available for cruising. The Beardmore Typhoon powered the ill-fated R101 airship, built for the Empire airship programme in 1931. With a production run of at least 900 engines, the most-produced aviation diesel engine in history was probably the Junkers Jumo 205. Similar developments from the Junkers Motorenwerke and licence-built versions of the Jumo 204 and Jumo 205, boosted German diesel aero-engine production to at least 1000 examples, the vast majority of which were liquid-cooled, opposed-piston, two-stroke engines. In the Soviet Union significant progress towards practical diesel aero-engines was made by the TsIAM (Tsentral'nyy Institut Aviatsionnovo Motorostroyeniya – central institute of aviation motors) and particularly by A.D. Charomskiy, who nursed the Charomskiy ACh-30 into production and limited operational use. Military vehicles Armored fighting vehicles use diesel because of its lower flammability risks and the engines' higher provision of torque and lower likelihood of stalling. Cars Diesel-powered cars generally have a better fuel economy than equivalent gasoline engines and produce less greenhouse gas emission. Their greater economy is due to the higher energy per-litre content of diesel fuel and the intrinsic efficiency of the diesel engine. While petrodiesel's higher density results in higher greenhouse gas emissions per litre compared to gasoline, the 20–40% better fuel economy achieved by modern diesel-engined automobiles offsets the higher per-litre emissions of greenhouse gases, and a diesel-powered vehicle emits 10–20 percent less greenhouse gas than comparable gasoline vehicles. Biodiesel-powered diesel engines offer substantially improved emission reductions compared to petrodiesel or gasoline-powered engines, while retaining most of the fuel economy advantages over conventional gasoline-powered automobiles. However, the increased compression ratios mean there are increased emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) from diesel engines. This is compounded by biological nitrogen in biodiesel to make NOx emissions the main drawback of diesel |
versus gasoline engines. Tractors and heavy equipment Today's tractors and heavy equipment are mostly diesel-powered. Among tractors, only the smaller classes may also offer gasoline engines. The dieselization of tractors and heavy equipment began in Germany before World War II but was unusual in the United States until after that war. During the 1950s and 1960s, it progressed in the US as well. Diesel is commonly used in oil and gas extracting equipment, though some places use electric or natural gas powered equipment to help reduce environmental effects such as pollution from exhaust gases and spills. Tractors and heavy equipment were often multifuel in the 1920s through 1940s, running spark-ignition and low-compression engines. Thus many farm tractors of the era could burn gasoline, alcohol, kerosene, and any light grade of fuel oil such as diesel fuel, heating oil, or tractor vaporising oil, according to whichever was most affordable in any region at any given time. On U.S. farms during this era, the name "distillate" often referred to any of the aforementioned light fuel oils. The engines did not start as well on distillate, so typically a small auxiliary gasoline tank was used for cold starting, and the fuel valves were adjusted several minutes later, after warm-up, to switch to distillate. Engine accessories such as vaporizers and radiator shrouds were also used, both with the aim of capturing heat, because when such an engine was run on distillate, it ran better when both it and the air it inhaled were warmer rather than at ambient temperature. Dieselization with dedicated diesel engines (high-compression with mechanical fuel injection and compression ignition) replaced such systems and made more efficient use of the diesel fuel being burned. Other uses Poor quality diesel fuel has been used as an extraction agent for liquid–liquid extraction of palladium from nitric acid mixtures. Such use has been proposed as a means of separating the fission product palladium from PUREX raffinate which comes from used nuclear fuel. In this system of solvent extraction, the hydrocarbons of the diesel act as the diluent while the dialkyl sulfides act as the extractant. This extraction operates by a solvation mechanism. So far, neither a pilot plant nor full scale plant has been constructed to recover palladium, rhodium or ruthenium from nuclear wastes created by the use of nuclear fuel. Diesel fuel is also often used as the main ingredient in oil-base mud drilling fluid. The advantage of using diesel is its low cost and its ability to drill a wide variety of difficult strata, including shale, salt and gypsum formations. Diesel-oil mud is typically mixed with up to 40% brine water. Due to health, safety and environmental concerns, Diesel-oil mud is often replaced with vegetable, mineral, or synthetic food-grade oil-base drilling fluids, although diesel-oil mud is still in widespread use in certain regions. During development of rocket engines in Germany during World War II J-2 Diesel fuel was used as the fuel component in several engines including the BMW 109-718. J-2 diesel fuel was also used as a fuel for gas turbine engines. Chemical analysis Chemical composition Petroleum-derived diesel is composed of about 75% saturated hydrocarbons (primarily paraffins including n, iso, and cycloparaffins), and 25% aromatic hydrocarbons (including naphthalenes and alkylbenzenes). The average chemical formula for common diesel fuel is C12H24, ranging approximately from C10H20 to C15H28. Chemical properties Most diesel fuels freeze at common winter temperatures, while the temperatures greatly vary. Petrodiesel typically freezes around temperatures of −8.1 °C (17.5 °F), whereas biodiesel freezes between temperatures of 2° to 15 °C (35° to 60 °F). The viscosity of diesel noticeably increases as |
the temperature decreases, changing it into a gel at temperatures of −19 °C (−2.2 °F) to −15 °C (5 °F), that cannot flow in fuel systems. Conventional diesel fuels vaporise at temperatures between 149 °C and 371 °C. Conventional diesel flash points vary between 52 and 96 °C, which makes it safer than petrol and unsuitable for spark-ignition engines. Unlike petrol, the flash point of a diesel fuel has no relation to its performance in an engine nor to its auto ignition qualities. Hazards NOx Diesel engines, like other lean-burn (excess of oxygen in proportion to the fuel) forms of combustion, recombine the atmospheric oxygen (O2) and nitrogen (N2) into mono-nitrogen oxides and , collectively known as NOx, due to the high temperature and pressure. While naturally present in the atmosphere, their excess can contribute to smog and acid rain, as well as influence human health after reacting with ammonia, moisture, and other compounds. Modern diesel engines (Euro 6 & US EPA standards) use exhaust gas recirculation into the intakes to reduce excess oxygen present in combustion, and urea injection to turn NOx into N2 and water. Particles Small particles (PM 2.5) can penetrate deeply into lung tissue and damage it, causing premature death in extreme cases. Inhalation of such particles may cause or worsen respiratory diseases, such as emphysema or bronchitis, or may also aggravate existing heart disease. Unlike petrol engines, modern diesel engines are fitted with diesel particulate filters that help to reduce PM 10 and PM 2.5 emissions. However, those filters tend to get clogged easily with soot and are often removed by car owners. Environment hazards of sulfur High levels of sulfur in diesel are harmful for the environment because they prevent the use of catalytic diesel particulate filters to control diesel particulate emissions, as well as more advanced technologies, such as nitrogen oxide (NOx) adsorbers (still under development), to reduce emissions. Moreover, sulfur in the fuel is oxidized during combustion, producing sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide, that in presence of water rapidly convert to sulfuric acid, one of the chemical processes that results in acid rain. However, the process for lowering sulfur also reduces the lubricity of the fuel, meaning that additives must be put into the fuel to help lubricate engines. Biodiesel and biodiesel/petrodiesel blends, with their higher lubricity levels, are increasingly being utilized as an alternative. The U.S. annual consumption of diesel fuel in 2006 was about 190 billion litres (42 billion imperial gallons or 50 billion US gallons). In the past, diesel fuel contained higher quantities of sulfur. European emission standards and preferential taxation have forced oil refineries to dramatically reduce the level of sulfur in diesel fuels. In the European Union, the sulfur content has dramatically reduced during the last 20 years. Automotive diesel fuel is covered in the European Union by standard EN 590. In the 1990s specifications allowed a content of 2000 ppm max of sulfur, reduced to a limit of 350 ppm by the beginning of the 21st century with the introduction of Euro 3 specifications. The limit was lowered with the introduction of Euro 4 by 2006 to 50 ppm (ULSD, Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel). The standard currently in force in Europe for diesel fuel is the Euro 5, with a maximum content of 10 ppm. In the United States, more stringent emission standards have been adopted with the transition to ULSD starting in 2006, and becoming mandatory on June 1, 2010 (see also diesel exhaust). U.S. diesel fuel typically also has a lower cetane number (a measure of ignition quality) than European diesel, resulting in worse |
cold weather performance and some increase in emissions. Algae, microbes, and water contamination There has been much discussion and misunderstanding of algae in diesel fuel. Algae need light to live and grow. As there is no sunlight in a closed fuel tank, no algae can survive, but some microbes can survive and feed on the diesel fuel. These microbes form a colony that lives at the interface of fuel and water. They grow quite fast in warmer temperatures. They can even grow in cold weather when fuel tank heaters are installed. Parts of the colony can break off and clog the fuel lines and fuel filters. Water in fuel can damage a fuel injection pump; some diesel fuel filters also trap water. Water contamination in diesel fuel can lead to freezing while in the fuel tank. The freezing water that saturates the fuel will sometimes clog the fuel injector pump. Once the water inside the fuel tank has started to freeze, gelling is more likely to occur. When the fuel is gelled it is not effective until the temperature is raised and the fuel returns to a liquid state. Road hazard Diesel is less flammable than gasoline / petrol. However, because it evaporates slowly, any spills on a roadway can pose a slip hazard to vehicles. After the light fractions have evaporated, a greasy slick is left on the road which reduces tire grip and traction, and can cause vehicles to skid. The loss of traction is similar to that encountered on black ice, resulting in especially dangerous situations for two-wheeled vehicles, such as motorcycles and bicycles, in roundabouts. See also Common ethanol fuel mixtures Diesel automobile racing Dieselisation Gasoline gallon equivalent Hybrid vehicle Liquid fuel List of diesel automobiles Turbo-diesel United States vs. Imperial Petroleum References Further reading L. D. Danny Harvey, 2010, "Energy and the New Reality 1: Energy Efficiency and the Demand for Energy Services," London:Routledge-Earthscan, , 672 pp.; see , accessed 28 September 2014. External links U.S. Department of Labor Occupational Safety & Health Administration: Safety and Health Topics: Diesel Exhaust Category:Petroleum products Category:Liquid fuels Category:Hydrocarbon solvents Category:Diesel engines Category:IARC Group 2B carcinogens |
Amy Hoggart Amy Hoggart (born 14 April, 1986) is a British-American stand-up comedian and actress, best known for starring in Almost Royal, a faux-reality show on BBC America, and Full Frontal with Samantha Bee, an American political satire show on TBS. Early life Amy Hoggart was born 14 April, 1986 in Washington, D.C. She is the daughter of English journalist and broadcaster Simon Hoggart, who was a correspondent for The Observer in the 1980s. She has a brother named Richard, after their grandfather Richard Hoggart, an academic of British culture. Her uncle Paul Hoggart is a TV critic. Hoggart's family moved back to the U.K. when she was four years old. While earning a BA in English literature at King's College, Cambridge, Hoggart performed with Footlights. She went on to earn a master's degree in experimental psychology from the University of Sussex. Career Hoggart initially established herself with the "insufferably cute" character Pattie Brewster on the London standup comedy scene, which she describes as "brilliant" and "a great community". Hoggart's first major TV role outside of standup comedy was Almost Royal, a faux-reality show on BBC America, in which Hoggart portrays a low-ranking heir to the British throne, Poppy Carlton, 51st in line to the British throne, and her brother, Georgie (Ed Gamble), as they tour the United States speaking to unsuspecting members of the public, in a style similar to the character Borat. When cast, Hoggart, whose background includes living in places such as Washington, D.C. and London, was expected to be able to affect the manner of British royalty, saying, "They asked if I could do an aristocratic accent." Almost Royal debuted on E4 in the UK, and on BBC America in 2014. In February 2016, Hoggart made her debut as a correspondent for the political commentary satire series Full Frontal with Samantha Bee, in a segment in which she interviewed Donald Trump supporters about voter fraud. The segment eventually drew more than 2 million YouTube views. She next appeared in a segment in the special 9 November episode that aired the day after the presidential election vote. A February 2017 segment saw her journey to Scotland to interview citizens of Aberdeenshire, who protested Trump's attempts to persuade the government of Scotland to seize local farmer Michael Forbes' land in order to build a golf course. In 2020, it was announced that Hoggart was to host her own show, It's Personal with Amy Hoggart, on truTV, which will premiere on February 26. References External links Amy Hoggart's page on her agent's website, DAA Management Category:1986 births Category:Alumni of King's College, Cambridge Category:Alumni of the University of Sussex Category:American people of English descent Category:American television actresses Category:American women comedians Category:English people of American descent Category:English television actresses Category:English women comedians Category:Living people Category:Place of birth missing (living people) Category:21st-century American comedians |
Edwig Van Hooydonck Edwig Van Hooydonck (born 4 August 1966 in Ekeren) is a former professional road racing cyclist from Belgium. He won the prestigious Tour of Flanders twice and Brabantse Pijl four times. He retired from professional cycling because he felt he could no longer compete with other cyclists, who were at the time starting to dope themselves, without himself cheating too. At this time Erythropoietin (EPO) was becoming a widely used doping agent in the sport. One minor innovation in cycling credited to Van Hooydonk are three quarter length bibshorts. After he had aggravated a knee problem during the 1989 Tour of Flanders, he had cycling shorts made that stretched below the knee, as an alternative to bandaging the knee. Major results 1986 1st, Tour of Flanders U23 1987 1st, Brabantse Pijl 1st, Stage 5, Ronde van Nederland 1988 1st, Grand Prix Eddy Merckx 1st, Overall, Vuelta a Andalucía 1st, Prologue 1st, Stage 4, Tour Méditerranéen 1989 1st, Grand Prix de Denain 1st, Kuurne–Brussels–Kuurne 1st, Tour of Flanders 1990 1st, Dwars door Vlaanderen 1991 1st, Brabantse Pijl 1st, Grand Prix de la Libération 1st, Grand Prix d'Ouverture La Marseillaise 1st, Tour of Flanders 1st, Schaal Sels 1992 1st, Grand Prix de Denain 1st, Grand Prix d'Ouverture La Marseillaise 1st, Stage 4, Étoile de Bessèges 1st, Stage 3, Tour of Ireland 1st, Stage 6, Vuelta a España 1993 1st, Brabantse Pijl 1st, Stage 2, Tour de Romandie 1st, Stage 3b, Tour de Luxembourg 1995 1st, Brabantse Pijl References External links Palmarès by cyclingbase.com Category:Living people Category:Belgian male cyclists Category:Belgian Vuelta a España stage winners Category:1966 births Category:Sportspeople from Antwerp Category:Tour de France cyclists Category:Vuelta a España cyclists Category:People from Ekeren |
Cody Riggs Cody Tyler Riggs (born December 30, 1991) is an American football cornerback who is currently a free agent. He played college football at Florida and Notre Dame. High school career Riggs attended St. Thomas Aquinas High School in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. He was predominately a running back before switching to defensive back as a junior. He recorded 25 tackles, picked off eight passes and batted down a team record of 24 others during his senior season. At Aquinas, Riggs was teammates with Lamarcus Joyner, Brandon Linder, Giovani Bernard, James White, Dezmen Southward, Bobby Hart, Duron Carter, Marcus Roberson, and Rashad Greene. He participated in the 2010 Under Armour All-America Game in St. Petersburg, Florida. Considered a four-star recruit by Rivals.com, he was rated as the 11th best cornerback prospect of his class. Riggs committed to Florida over offers from Georgia, Notre Dame and Tennessee. College career As a true freshman, Riggs played in all 13 games, including a start in the 2011 Outback Bowl vs. Penn State, which he recorded an interception. He made 10 starts as a sophomore, recording 31 tackles on the season, including 1.5 for loss. He only played in two games as a junior before fracturing his foot against Texas A&M, and received a medical redshirt. He returned as a senior, moving to safety for the Gators. He started all 12 games, finishing fourth on the team in tackles with 51, adding 6.5 for loss. On February 5, 2014, Florida head coach Will Muschamp confirmed that Riggs would spend his final season of eligibility at another school following his graduation from the university. On February 19, 2014, Riggs confirmed that he was transferring to the University of Notre Dame. In his final season in college, he moved back to cornerback for the Irish. He started 11 games, missing two due to an ankle injury. He recorded 36 tackles, one interception, three pass breakups and one forced fumble. Professional career Tennessee Titans Riggs went undrafted in the 2015 NFL Draft but signed a free-agent contract with Tennessee Titans following the draft. On September 8, 2016, Riggs was released by the Titans. On September 12, 2016, he was re-signed by the Titans. On November 7, Riggs was again released by the Titans. Tampa Bay Buccaneers On November 22, 2016, Riggs was signed to the Buccaneers' practice squad. He signed a reserve/future contract with the Buccaneers on January 2, 2017. On September 2, 2017, Riggs was waived by the Buccaneers. He was re-signed to their practice squad on December 6, 2017. Orlando Apollos In August 2018, Riggs joined the Orlando Apollos of the Alliance of American Football, eventually making the team's 2019 roster. The league ceased operations in April 2019. Personal life Cody's father, Gerald Riggs, was a three-time Pro Bowl running back in the NFL for 10 seasons. His older brother, Gerald Riggs Jr., was a running back at Tennessee, who played briefly with the Miami Dolphins and Chicago Bears before playing three seasons with the Toronto Argonauts of the CFL. His uncle, Bobby Brown, was a wide receiver at the University of Notre Dame from 1996–1999. References External links Notre Dame profile Florida profile Category:1991 births Category:Living people Category:American football cornerbacks Category:Florida Gators football players Category:Notre Dame Fighting Irish football players Category:Under Armour All-American football players Category:Sportspeople from Fort Lauderdale, Florida Category:Players of American football from Florida Category:Tennessee Titans players Category:Tampa Bay Buccaneers players Category:Orlando Apollos players |
Michael Murphy (diver) Michael Andrew Murphy (born 29 November 1973 in Brisbane, Queensland) is a former Olympic diver for Australia. He was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder. Murphy competed twice at the Olympic Games (in 1992 and 1996), placing 4th in the 3 metre springboard event at the 1992 Games in Barcelona. Murphy also represented Australia twice at the Commonwealth Games (in 1990 and 1994), winning two gold medals and one silver medal at the 1994 Games in Victoria (Canada). After retiring from competitive diving, Murphy served as both a Board Member and National Team Selector for Diving Australia. In recognition of his contribution to the sporting community, he was awarded the Australian Sports Medal (an Australian federal government honour) in 2000. Murphy completed his undergraduate studies at Bond University, where he gained a Bachelor of Commerce (BCom) and a Bachelor of Laws with Honours (LLB (Hons)). He was winner of both the Sir Robert Gordon Menzies Scholarship to Harvard, and the Macquarie Bank Graduate Management Scholarship. He holds a Master of Business Administration (MBA) from Harvard Business School. He is currently a Principal with Bain Capital, and was previously a management consultant with Bain & Company. References External links Category:Living people Category:1973 births Category:Divers at the 1990 Commonwealth Games Category:Divers at the 1992 Summer Olympics Category:Divers at the 1994 Commonwealth Games Category:Divers at the 1996 Summer Olympics Category:Olympic divers of Australia Category:Bond University alumni Category:Harvard Business School alumni Category:Australian Institute of Sport divers Category:Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Australia Category:Sportspeople from Brisbane Category:Australian male divers Category:Commonwealth Games silver medallists for Australia Category:Commonwealth Games medallists in diving |
Jim Chuchu Jim Chuchu (born 7 August 1982) is a Kenyan film director, photographer, singer-songwriter and visual artist. He first came to attention as a member of Kenyan music group Just A Band and subsequently as director of Kenyan LGBT film Stories of Our Lives. Career After leaving college in 2006, where he studied telecommunications, Chuchu began his career as a graphic designer, working in advertising. He quit his job to become a freelance graphic designer in late 2006. 2006-2012: Early career In 2008, Chuchu co-founded Just A Band together with fellow members Bill "Blinky" Sellanga and Dan Muli, whom he had met while studying at the Kenyatta University. Jim performed multiple duties in the band, including co-producing the band's first three studio albums, Scratch to Reveal, 82 and Sorry for the Delay, creating graphic art for the band and directing many of the band's videos - including "Ha-He" which spawned viral hit Makmende, causing the video to be subsequently described as Kenya's first viral internet meme by the Wall Street Journal, CNN and Fast Company. In 2012, Chuchu co-founded The Nest Collective, a multidisciplinary art space and collective in Nairobi. In March 2013, Chuchu produced and released Imaginary Chains as pseudonymous act Adeiyu. One of the EP singles - Hollow - was featured in the Mercedes Benz Mixed Tape 55. He followed this EP by releasing the single You Can't Break Her Heart in September 2013. In October 2013, Just A Band announced that Chuchu had left the band to pursue his solo projects. Following his exit, Chuchu then directed his first short film Homecoming as part of the African Metropolis project, which premiered at the 2013 Durban International Film Festival, then went on to screen at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival,<ref>Five-Title African Short Film Showcase At Toronto International Film Festival. Indiewire, November 16, 2014.</ref> and the International Film Festival Rotterdam, Santa Barbara International Film Festival, the Film Festival Locarno and the Seattle International Film Festival in 2014.African Metropolis: Homecoming. Festival del film Locarno, November 15, 2014. In April 2014, Chuchu's photography series titled Pagans was featured in the 2014 edition of Dak’Art, the 11th Biennale of Contemporary African Art, as part of the Precarious Imaging: Visibility and Media Surrounding African Queerness exhibition in Dakar, Senegal. The show was cancelled a day after its opening by Senegalese authorities, who ruled that ruled that future exhibitions addressing the issue of homosexuality must be closed or canceled.Senegalese Government Shuts Down Exhibitions Addressing Queer Issues. Hyperallergic, November 15, 2014. 2014: Stories of Our Lives In September 2014, Chuchu released his first feature film, Stories of Our Lives, an anthology of five short films dramatizing true stories of LGBT life in Kenya which he directed as part of The Nest Collective. The film premiered at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival, where it originally ran without credits due to the collective's concerns about the film's reception in Kenya, where homosexuality is illegal. Following the premiere, Chuchu and fellow Nest Collective members George Gachara and Njoki Ngumi opted to reveal their names at the screening and in an interview with Toronto's LGBT newspaper Xtra!. The soundtrack to the film, for which Chuchu produced and performed four songs, was released in late September as a free download. 2014: PagansPagans is a photographic series created by Chuchu that seeks to "[reconstruct] future-past anonymous African deities, their devotees and forgotten religious rites." One untitled work from 2014 depicts "a being with lustrous skin and sculpted muscles [who] looks upwards as fire and feathers emerge from his face." To create the pieces, Chuchu took black and white |
photographs of individuals, drew and painted additional elements on them, then scanned and digitally altered them. Several photographs from Pagans were displayed at the exhibition "Precarious Imaging: Visibility and Media Surrounding African Queerness" as part of the 11th Dakar Biennial. The exhibition was one of the first on the African continent to focus on homosexuality. The exhibition was shut down prematurely by the Senegalese government after Muslim fundamentalists who oppose homosexuality in Senegal vandalized the exhibition gallery. Filmography Feature films 2014: Stories of Our Lives Short films 2013: Homecoming 2013: Dinka Translation 2013: Urban Hunter Web series 2016: Tuko Macho Videography 2013: Just A Band - Matatizo (co-director) 2011: Just A Band - Huff and Puff (co-director) 2011: Just A Band - Away 2010: Just A Band - Ha-He! 2009: Just A Band - Usinibore 2009: Stan - Wangeci 2009: Just A Band - If I Could 2009: Just A Band - Highway 2008: Just A Band - Hey! 2008: Just A Band - Fly 2008: Manjeru - Lalalalala 2008: Atemi - Speechless 2008: Just A Band - Iwinyo Piny 2008: Mena - Maisha Group exhibitions Jim's photography and video works have been exhibited in the following group exhibitions: 2014: "Afropean Mimicry and Mockery", Künstlerhaus Mousonturm, Frankfurt. 2014: "Shifting Africa", Mediations Biennale Poznan, Poland. 2014: "Precarious Imaging", Raw Center for Art, Knowledge and Society, Dakar. 2014: "Future Reflexions: Five Positions of Contemporary African Art", Glasgow 2011: "Kudishnyao!" (Just A Band), Rush Arts Gallery (New York) and Goethe-Institut Nairobi 2010: "Mwangalio Tofauti: Nine Photographers from Kenya", Nairobi Gallery 2009: "TRNSMSSN:" (Just A Band), Goethe-Institut Nairobi 2009: "Amnesia": Nairobi National Museum. 2008: "24: Nairobi - Walkers and Workers", Goethe-Institut, Nairobi. Discography Studio albums 2012: Sorry for the Delay 2010: 82 2008: Scratch To Reveal EPs and Singles 2014: Stories of Our Lives: Music from and Inspired by the Film (EP) 2014 Mayonde - "Isikuti Love" (Single) 2014 Jarel - "The Plus Minus Collection" (EP) 2013: Adeiyu - "You Can't Break Her Heart" (Single) 2013: Various Artists - The NEST Presents: Legacy (Compilation EP) 2013: Adeiyu - Imaginary Chains (EP) Mixtapes and Remix Albums 2011: The Just A Band Boxing Day Special 2011: Kudish: The Sound of Soup Books Iwalewa: Four Views into Contemporary Africa. Iwalewa Haus, Bayreuth (2013). . Mwangalio Tofauti” – Nine Photographers from Kenya. Contact Zones NRB, Nairobi (2012). 24: Nairobi. Kwani Trust, Nairobi (2010). . References External links Category:1982 births Category:Living people Category:Kenyan photographers Category:Kenyan artists Category:Kenyan film directors |
Namir Noor-Eldeen Namir Noor-Eldeen (; September 1, 1984 – July 12, 2007) was an Iraqi war Photographer for Reuters. Noor-Eldeen, his assistant, Saeed Chmagh, and eight others were fired upon by U.S. military forces in the New Baghdad district of Baghdad, Iraq, during an airstrike on July 12, 2007. It is claimed in an official report from the United States Department of the Army that the group of 10 was carrying at least one RPG-7 and one AK-47, and that Noor-Eldeen's camera and attached zoom lens may have been mistaken for an additional RPG. Noor-Eldeen and seven others were killed during the first strike. Early life and career Noor-Eldeen was born on September 1, 1984, in Mosul, Iraq. He developed an interest in photography and video from his family, and started training in those crafts. He was one of the first photographers trained by the Reuters news agency as part of a strategy to employ photojournalists with strong local knowledge and access to areas considered too dangerous for Western photographers to work in. Chris Helgren, former Reuters chief photographer who instigated the agency's plan, called Noor-Eldeen one of the star recruits of the initial recruitment stage, and said, "In Mosul, he started from nothing and is now the pre-eminent photographer in Northern Iraq." He originally worked in Mosul, where he started to develop a strong reputation from his photos and his tendency to arrive at the scene of attacks quickly, even amid danger. One of his photos, of a masked insurgent carrying a RPG-7 and a police flak jacket after a November 2004 police station attack, gained particular attention and was described by New York Times journalist Michael Kamber as "one of the seminal images of the war—a single photo that captured Iraq's descent into chaos and the inability of the Iraqi and American governments to protect resources, or pretty much anything else at that point". Noor-Eldeen was transferred to Baghdad after he started receiving threats in Mosul from insurgents unhappy with his photos. During his time as a photographer, he had been shot in the leg, had his nose broken more than once, and had been detained and harassed, but his editors said he maintained a sense of energy and optimism. Airstrike and death On July 12, 2007, after several skirmishes in the area, two American AH-64 Apache helicopters observed a group of people milling around on a street in Baghdad. They reported some in that group to be armed, presumed them to be Iraqi insurgents, and fired on them. The helicopters also fired on a van being driven by a man with his two children inside that stopped to evacuate the wounded. Both children were wounded. Noor-Eldeen and his Reuters driver, Saeed Chmagh, were among those killed in the attack. Noor-Eldeen was 22 years old at the time of his death. Noor-Eldeen and Chmagh were the fifth and sixth Reuters employees killed in Iraq since the 2003 invasion began. All six were killed by American soldiers. Mohammed Ameen, another Reuters photographer and one of Noor-Eldeen's closest friends, found his body in a dilapidated Iraqi morgue and arranged for the body to be preserved until his funeral. After their deaths, Reuters screened a photographic tribute to Noor-Eldeen and Chmagh in New York City's Times Square and London's Canary Wharf. Video release For more than two years after the shooting, Reuters and other organizations sought probes into the deaths of Noor-Eldeen and other journalists killed in Iraq, but the U.S. military withheld key information on the grounds that it was classified. The military also refused to release a video taken |
from one of the gunships that captured the complete sequence and radio communication during the shootings. On April 5, 2010, WikiLeaks published a video titled Collateral Murder on his website, which shows part of the military video. WikiLeaks said it acquired the video from military whistle-blowers and viewed it after breaking the encryption code. The shootings and Noor-Eldeen's deaths are detailed in The Good Soldiers, a 2009 nonfiction book by David Finkel. References External links Collateral Murder WikiLeaks site bringing to light formerly classified US military footage Remembering Namir Noor-Eldeen (The New York Times.) Text and slideshow. Category:War photographers killed while covering the Iraq War Category:Reuters people Category:Photojournalism controversies Category:2000s in media Category:2010s in media Category:1984 births Category:2007 deaths Category:Articles containing video clips Category:Filmed killings Category:Deaths by American airstrikes |
Rancho Encantada, San Diego Rancho Encantada is a suburban neighborhood in San Diego, California, United States. It is bordered by Poway to the north and Scripps Ranch to the south. It is the least walkable neighborhood of San Diego. It is also known as Stonebridge Estates. It is also considered a part of Scripps Ranch it is also included in the Scripps Ranch Planning Group, the Scripps Ranch Civic Association (SRCA)....and most Scripps Ranch Community Activities etc. . It includes the following tracts: Calabria, Serenity, Sanctuary, Scripps Preserve, Viscaya, Montoro, Bellasario, Toll Brothers (Viewpoint was to be custom homes; however, the lots were purchased by Toll Brothers and included within that development), Mill Creek, Tiburon, The Warmington Collection, and Astoria. References Category:Neighborhoods in San Diego |
Wise Solutions Wise Solutions, Inc. was an American company that made software tools for creating application installers. Their primary product, Wise was one of the most widely used installation packages for Windows. Their main competitor was InstallShield by Flexera Software. Wise Solutions was acquired and became a wholly owned subsidiary of Altiris, Inc. in December 2003. In April 2007, Altiris was acquired by Symantec Corporation. Wise Solutions was started as a shareware tool originally distributed via CompuServe. Over time the company grew to roughly 300 employees spread across the headquarters in Plymouth, Michigan and a European office in The Hague, Netherlands. After the 2003 acquisition by Altiris the European office was consolidated with an existing European Altiris office. The Plymouth Michigan office is now primarily a regional software development and support site for existing Wise branded products and some Altiris branded products. Wise Package Studio, the last remaining Wise product was End-of-Lifed by Symantec on November 7, 2013. Legal issues Corporate espionage On June 27, 2003, InstallShield sued Wise Solutions, alleging electronic espionage. The civil complaint listed the theft of nearly 1,000 confidential documents from the InstallShield corporate FTP site, including a customer list. InstallShield detected the intrusion when decoy customers with addresses planted in InstallShield's customer-list started to receive marketing material from Wise Solutions. Reviews of FTP logs showed several connections over a period of 10 months from addresses related to Wise Solutions. This lawsuit also spawned an investigation by the FBI that resulted in the Plymouth headquarters being searched for evidence. The civil suit was resolved in July 2004 and the case was dismissed. Additionally, the U.S. Attorney's office in Chicago sent a letter indicating that they did not intend to file criminal charges. Patent infringement In more recent years InstallShield and Wise Solutions via their respective parent companies have had some disagreements over patent infringement, one of which ultimately resulted in a preemptive patent-infringement lawsuit by Macrovision against Altiris and Wise Solutions in which it not only claimed infringement by Altiris products but also asked (November 2006) for the court to find that it was not infringing on any Altiris or Wise Solutions patents. See also Installer List of installation software References External links Altiris Client Management Suite 7 Install Lawsuit Documents Category:Computer companies of the United States Category:Installation software |
Thomas Eyre (engineer) Thomas Eyre (died 22 February 1772) was an Irish military engineer. Thomas Eyre was the second son of Colonel Samuel Eyre of Eyreville, County Galway. In 1738 he joined the regiment of James Oglethorpe, the founder of the Colony of Georgia, and sailed to the colony. He rose from the rank of cadet to be sub-engineer for Georgia and South Carolina by 1743, when he left for England. As a lieutenant, Eyre joined Trelawney's Regiment of Foot, headed by Edward Trelawney, Governor of Jamaica. He served in Jamaica and at Roatán (Rattan), and was promoted to captain in 1748. Eyre retired from active duty in 1752. On 31 August 1752, Eyre was appointed Surveyor General of Ireland, having purchased the office from Arthur Jones-Nevill. He undertook works at the Royal Barracks in Dublin, but the condition of the barracks was criticised by the Commissioners of the Ordnance for Ireland. As Surveyor General, he was also involved in harbour works at Dún Laoghaire, and was responsible for the rebuilding of the State Apartments at Dublin Castle. In 1763, the office of Surveyor General was abolished, and Eyre was transferred to the new post of Chief Engineer of the Ordnance. He also represented Thomastown and Fore in the Irish House of Commons. References Category:1772 deaths Category:People from County Galway Category:Irish officers in the British Army Category:49th Regiment of Foot officers Category:Members of the Parliament of Ireland (pre-1801) for County Kilkenny constituencies Category:Members of the Parliament of Ireland (pre-1801) for County Westmeath constituencies Category:Irish MPs 1761–1768 Category:Irish MPs 1769–1776 Category:Year of birth unknown Category:Surveyors General of Ireland |
Allen Parish School Board Allen Parish School Board is a school district headquartered in Oberlin in Allen Parish in southwestern Louisiana, United States. From 1960 to 1969, Dorothy Sue Hill, the state representative for Allen, Beauregard, and Calcasieu parishes, taught home economics for Allen Parish schools. Schools PK-12 schools Elizabeth High School (Elizabeth) Fairview High School (Grant, Unincorporated area) Reeves High School (Reeves) 7-12 schools Oberlin High School (Oberlin) High schools Kinder High School (Unincorporated area) Oakdale High School (Oakdale) Middle schools 4-8 Oakdale Middle School (Oakdale) 6-8 Kinder Middle School (Kinder) Elementary schools PK-6 Oberlin Elementary School (Oberlin) PK-5 Kinder Elementary School (Kinder) PK-4 Oakdale Elementary School (Oakdale) References External links Allen Parish School Board Category:Education in Allen Parish, Louisiana Category:School districts in Louisiana Category:School districts in the Central Louisiana |
Riva Bubber Riva Bubber is an Indian actress. After featuring in the Indian Arabic pop song Habibi Dah in 2001 Bubber made her debut as an actress with the role of Nikita in television series Kyun Hota Hai Pyarrr. Afterwards, she joined Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi where she played the role of Damini. She is also known for her portrayal as Shabana Ghulam Haider in Beintehaa, Vimmi in Ram Milaayi Jodi and Priyamvada in Suryaputra Karn. Early life Riva Bubber was born in Mumbai, India to Ruby Bubber. She is of Punjabi descent and the youngest of three children. Her older brother Rahul, is an hotelier in Mumbai while her other brother resides in United States. She completed her schooling from Manickji Cooper School in Mumbai and received her Bachelor of Commerce from Mithibai College. Personal life Bubber currently lives in Mumbai with her mother and two Cocker Spaniels named Benji and Bijou. She's close friends with Gauri Pradhan Tejwani, Hiten Tejwani, Sumeet Sachdev, and Rakshanda Khan. Riva Bubber played a role of Pooja who is Deepak Qazir's daughter and Rohit's wife opposite Mihir Mishra in BSNL Cellone. Filmography Television References External links Category:Actresses from Mumbai Category:Indian television actresses Category:Indian soap opera actresses Category:Living people Category:Actresses in Tamil cinema Category:20th-century Indian actresses Category:21st-century Indian actresses Category:Year of birth missing (living people) |
Ilya Zakharov Ilya Leonidovich Zakharov (; born 2 May 1991) is a Russian diver. He is the 2012 Olympics gold medalist in 3 metre Springboard. Career Junior In 2007, Zakharov debuted in international tournament in diving at the Lambertz-Printenspringen in Germany where he won gold in 10m platform, a pair of silver medal with Evgeny Kuznetsov in 3m Springboard Synchro and a bronze in 3m springboard. In 2008, Zakharov won gold in 10m Platform at the Cup of Russia. He scored 456.70 points ahead of compatriot Victor Minibaev who scored 449.25. At the 2008 European Junior Championships in Minsk, Belarus, he won two gold medals (1m Springboard and 10m Platform) and a pair of silver medal with Igor Koryakin in 3m Synchro Springboard. At the 2008 Junior World Championship, he won a pair of bronze medal with Igor Koryakin in 3m Synchro Springboard and silver medal in individual behind Chinese diver Wang Jihan. Senior In 2009, at the fourth stage of the Grand Prix in Montreal, Canada, Zakharov and Kuznetsov won the silver medal in 3m synchro springboard and in Budapest, Hungary at the European Youth Championships He won three gold medals, in individual events ( 3m Springboard and 10m Platform) as well as in 3m synchro springboard with Victor Minibaev. In 2010, at the Rostov-on-Don Grand Prix in diving, Zakharov and Minibaev won the bronze medal and in Montreal, Canada at the Grand Prix in diving athlete paired with Evgeny Kuznetsov won the bronze medal in synchronized diving three-meter springboard. At the World Cup in Guangzhou, China, Zakharov and Minbaev won silver in synchronized diving behind Chinese divers Cao Yuan and Zhang Yanquan. In 2011, at the World Championships, Zakharov won the silver medal in 3m Springboard and a pair of silver medal with Kuznetsov in 3m Spring Synchro. In 2012, he won the Olympic Gold medal in the Men's 3 metre springboard defeating Chinese divers Qin Kai and He Chong. He also won the silver medal in the Men's synchronized 3 metre springboard and competed in the Men's synchronized 10 metre platform. Zakharov was awarded the FINA Male Diver of the Year of 2012. In 2013, Zakharov won gold medal at the 2013 European Championships in 3 m Springboard and 3m Spring Synchro. In 2016, Zakharov attempted to defend his Olympic gold medal in the Men's 3 metre springboard, but did not advance past the semifinal round after a failed dive that resulted in a score of zero. At the 2017 World Aquatics Championships in Budapest, Hungary, the Russian won his first gold medal in 3 m synchronized springboard, with his partner Kuznetsov. References Category:Russian male divers Category:1991 births Category:Living people Category:Olympic divers of Russia Category:Divers at the 2012 Summer Olympics Category:Divers at the 2016 Summer Olympics Category:Olympic gold medalists for Russia Category:Olympic silver medalists for Russia Category:Olympic medalists in diving Category:Medalists at the 2012 Summer Olympics Category:World Aquatics Championships medalists in diving Category:Sportspeople from Saint Petersburg Category:Universiade medalists in diving Category:Universiade gold medalists for Russia Category:Universiade silver medalists for Russia Category:Universiade bronze medalists for Russia |
Spialia struvei Spialia struvei is a butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found from Iran to Dzungaria in north-west China . The habitat consists of dry areas on hills and low mountains at altitudes between 200 and 1,000 meters in the steppe-desert zone. Adults are on wing from June to July. Subspecies Spialia struvei struvei Spialia struvei irida Zhdanko, 1993 (Alaisky Mountains) Spialia struvei fetida Zhdanko, 1992 (western Kazakhstan) References Category:Spialia Category:Butterflies described in 1914 Category:Butterflies of Iran |
List of anemone diseases This article is a list of diseases of anemones (Anemone coronaria). Bacterial diseases Fungal diseases Virus and viroid diseases References Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society Brunt A.A. (2005), Virus and Virus-like Diseases of Bulb and Flower Crops, John Wiley & Sons, New York 10158-0012, USA. Pp. 105–110. Loebenstein, G; Lawson, R.H and Brunt A.A. (eds). Anemone |
Cultural influence of Jules Verne Jules Verne (1828–1905), the French writer best known for his Voyages extraordinaires series, has had a wide influence in both scientific and literary fields. Scientific influence The pioneering submarine designer Simon Lake credited his inspiration to Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, and his autobiography begins "Jules Verne was in a sense the director-general of my life." William Beebe, Sir Ernest Shackleton, and Robert Ballard found similar early inspiration in the novel, and Jacques Cousteau called it his "shipboard bible". The aviation pioneer Alberto Santos-Dumont named Verne as his favorite author and the inspiration for his own elaborate flying machines. Igor Sikorsky often quoted Verne and cited his Robur the Conqueror as the inspiration for his invention of the first successful helicopter. The rocketry innovators Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, Robert Goddard, and Hermann Oberth are all known to have taken their inspiration from Verne's From the Earth to the Moon. Frank Borman, Jim Lovell, and William Anders, the astronauts on the Apollo 8 mission, were similarly inspired, with Borman commenting "In a very real sense, Jules Verne is one of the pioneers of the space age". When cosmonaut Georgi Grechko was orbiting Earth with Yuri Romanenko on the Salyut 6 in 1978, he broadcast back a message to celebrate Verne's 150th birthday, saying: "There's hardly a person who hasn't read his books, at any rate not among the cosmonauts, because Jules Verne was a dreamer, a visionary who saw flights in space. I'd say this flight too was predicted by Jules Verne." Polar explorer Richard E. Byrd, after a flight to the South Pole, paid tribute to Verne's polar novels The Adventures of Captain Hatteras and An Antarctic Mystery by saying "It was Jules Verne who launched me on this trip." Edwin Hubble, the American astronomer, was in his youth fascinated by Verne's novels, especially From the Earth to the Moon and Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea. Their influence was so strong that, like Verne, Hubble gave up the career path in law that his father intended for him, setting off instead to pursue his passion for science. The preeminent speleologist Édouard-Alfred Martel noted in several of his scientific reports that his interest in caves was sparked by Verne's Mathias Sandorf. Another influential speleologist, Norbert Casteret, traced his love of "caverns, abysses and underground rivers" to his avid youthful reading of Journey to the Center of the Earth, calling it "a marvelous book, which impressed and fascinated me more than any other", and adding "I sometimes re-read it still, each time finding anew the joys and enthusiasm of my childhood". The French general Hubert Lyautey took much inspiration from the explorations in Verne's novels. When one of his more ambitious foreign projects was met with the reply "All this, sir, it's like doing a Jules Verne", Lyautey famously responded: "Yes, sir, it's like doing a Jules Verne, because for twenty years, the people who move forward have been doing a Jules Verne." David Hanson named the Artificial Intelligence conversational character robot designed and built by him Jules in memory of Jules Verne. It is able to speak and respond in a human like manner, based on what it hears and has facial muscles that react to speech. Other scientific figures known to have been influenced by Verne include Fridtjof Nansen, Wernher von Braun, Guglielmo Marconi, and Yuri Gagarin. Literary influence Arthur Rimbaud was inspired to write his well-known poem "Le Bateau ivre" after reading Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea, which he extensively alludes to within the poem; The Adventures of Captain Hatteras was likely an |
additional source of inspiration. In the 1920s, many members of the Surrealist movement named Verne as one of their greatest and most imaginative precursors. Eugène Ionesco said that all of his works, whether directly or indirectly, were written in celebration of Captain Hatteras's conquest of the North Pole. Another surrealist, the Greek poet Andreas Embirikos, paid tribute to Verne in his nine-volume magnum opus The Great Eastern (Megas Anatolikos, 1990), which borrows from Verne's A Floating City and includes Verne himself among its characters. Raymond Roussel was profoundly influenced both thematically and stylistically by Verne, whom he called a "man of incommensurate genius" and an "incomparable master", adding that in many passages Verne "raised himself to the highest peaks that can be attained by human language." Jean Cocteau cited both Around the World in Eighty Days and Verne's own 1874 dramatization of it as major childhood influences, calling the novel a "masterpiece" and adding "Play and book alike not only thrilled our young imagination but, better than atlases and maps, whetted our appetite for adventure in far lands. … Never for me will any real ocean have the glamour of that sheet of green canvas, heaved on the backs of the Châtelet stage-hands crawling like caterpillars beneath it, while Phileas and Passepartout from the dismantled hull watch the lights of Liverpool twinkling in the distance." Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, who discovered the Voyages extraordinaires as a child and became one of Verne's enthusiastic adult proponents in the first half of the 20th century, used Verne's The Black Indies as inspiration for his own novel Night Flight. The French experimental writer Georges Perec ardently read and reread Verne's works from adolescence onward, and allusions to Verne appear in many of his novels, including Life A User's Manual, A Gallery Portrait, and W, or the Memory of Childhood. Perec once commented: "When Jules Verne lists all the names of fish over four pages in Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Seas, I feel as though I am reading a poem." The Swiss traveler and writer Nicolas Bouvier cited Verne as his initiation into geography, and named Mathias Sandorf and Phileas Fogg among his childhood heroes. The British traveler and filmmaker Graham Hughes has similarly identified Fogg as one of his inspirations. According to scholarly hypothesis, J.R.R. Tolkien was inspired by Verne during the writing of his Legendarium narratives. The Tolkien scholar Mark T. Hooker and the philosopher Roderick Long have both written that the parallels between The Hobbit and Journey to the Center of the Earth are likely too extensive to have arisen simply by chance (both include a hidden runic message and a celestial alignment directing the adventurers to their goal, among other parallels), and the Verne scholar William Butcher has noted similar narrative parallels between The Lord of the Rings and The Adventures of Captain Hatteras. In an introduction to a biography of Verne, Arthur C. Clarke wrote: "Jules Verne had already been dead for a dozen years when I was born. Yet I feel strongly connected to him, and his works of science fiction had a major influence on my own career. He is among the top five people I wish I could have met in person." The English novelist Margaret Drabble was deeply influenced by Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea as a child and remains a fervent admirer of Verne. She comments: "I used to be somewhat ashamed of my love of Verne, but have recently discovered that he is the darling of the French avant-garde, who take him far more seriously than we Anglo-Saxons do. So I'm in |
good company." Ray Bradbury counted Verne as a main influence on his own fiction as well as on literature and science the world over, saying "We are all, in one way or another, the children of Jules Verne." Other literary figures known to have been influenced by Verne include Paul Claudel, François Mauriac, Blaise Cendrars, Jean-Paul Sartre, Marcel Aymé, René Barjavel, Claude Roy, Michel Butor, and Roland Barthes. Verne is also often cited as a major influence of the science fiction genre steampunk, though Verne's works themselves are not of the genre. Monuments and tributes Because Verne was a longtime resident of Amiens, many places there are named after him, such as the Cirque Jules Verne. Amiens is the place where Verne is buried, and the house where he lived is now a museum. There is also the Jules Verne Museum in Nantes. A restaurant in the Eiffel Tower in Paris is named "Le Jules Verne". In June 1989, the Jules Verne Food Court opened at the Merry Hill Shopping Centre in the West Midlands of England; however, it had closed by the mid-1990s due to disappointing trade. In 1961, a large impact crater on the far side of the Moon was named Jules Verne in tribute to the writer. In 1970, the University of Picardie Jules Verne was founded in Amiens. A public francophone secondary school in Vancouver was founded and named École secondaire Jules-Verne in 2007. The express train running between Nantes and Paris from 1980 to 1989 was named Jules Verne in the writer's honor. Two French ships were also named after him, and the international prize for around the world sailing records is named the Jules Verne Trophy. In 1999, the Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame inducted Verne in its fourth annual class of two deceased and two living persons, citing him for having "helped shape and found modern science fiction." Verne is one of three inductees who contributed prior to 1900 (Wells, Verne and Mary Shelley preceded all other inductees by about one, two, and three generations) and one of two from outside the Anglophone world (the French artist Jean Giraud was inducted in 2011). On 9 March 2008, the European Space Agency launched an unmanned resupply spacecraft named the Jules Verne ATV on a mission to bring supplies and cargo to the International Space Station. In homage to Verne's astronomical writings, the craft carried two handwritten manuscript pages from Verne's files as well as a Hetzel double edition of From the Earth to the Moon and Around the Moon published in Verne's lifetime. In 2011, Google commemorated Jules Verne's 183rd birthday by featuring a Google Doodle based on his works. CMA CGM Jules Verne, one of the largest container ships in the world, was named for him in 2013. The Jules Verne trophy is awarded to the fastest circumnavigation of the world by sailboat, as a reference of the novel Around the world in eighty days. References in popular culture In the film Back to the Future Part III (1990), Doc Emmett Brown's children are named Jules and Verne, and Dr. Brown invented a time machine (DeLorean). Jules Verne appeared in the Transformers: Rescue Bots series episode "Last of Morocco", where he is revealed to be the estranged friend of recurring series antagonist Thaddeus Morocco. He is also a time traveler, having discovered a means of moving through the ages using a device of his own invention and Energon, the power source of all Transformers. After being contacted by his old friend, Verne travels to the present day, meets the Rescue Bots, |
and reveals that he has encountered other Transformers during his travels through time. At the time that he meets the series' heroes, he has not yet written 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea, but later becomes determined to do so after taking a trip in a submarine. In a paradox, Morocco has a submarine called the Nemo that he presumably named for Jules Verne's character, whom Verne presumably named after the adventure involving the submarine. As a result of the episode's events, Verne takes Morocco - whose memories have been erased so that he no longer remembers his villainous career - to the future to live. JV- The Extraordinary Adventures of Jules Verne is an Italian animated television series that recounts the fictionalized adventures of Jules Verne at age 16. Notes Footnotes References Citations Category:Jules Verne Verne, Jules |
Pomeroy, County Tyrone Pomeroy is a small village and civil parish in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is in the townland of Cavanakeeran, about from Cookstown, from Dungannon and from Omagh. The 2001 Census recorded a population of 604 people. Pomeroy is atop a large hill that dominates the surrounding countryside. From the Cookstown end, the road through the village gradually climbs a gradient up to a village square, The Diamond. The village is surrounded by the Pomeroy Hills. The surrounding countryside is a mixture of moorland and bog land. Stone age and Bronze Age cairns dot the landscape. Pomeroy is the closest settlement to the geographical centre of Ulster. History At the end of the 17th century there was no village in this area, just an extensive forest. In the plantation of Ulster James I and VI granted eight townlands to Sir William Parsons, Surveyor General of Ireland. In 1729 James Lowry inherited the land from his father, Robert of Aghenis Caledon. In the 18th century two new parishes were created in Tyrone, and the same family, the Lowrys (from whom issued the Earls of Belmore), was involved in the establishment of both. Pomeroy was created from part of Donaghmore, while Clogherny was taken from Termonmaguirc. The arrangement was confirmed in 1731 by an Order in Council, which had the same legal status as an Act of Parliament, and the articles of agreement under which it was conducted by the two parties involved, Lord Tyrone and Robert Lowry, suggest the tone: The name of each of the new erected parishes shall be wrote on a separate scrole of parchment, roll'd up and put into a hatt, to be held by an indeffernet person,... and that the said Marcus, Lord Viscount of Tyrone, and Robert Lowry shall each put his hand into the said hatt, and take thereout one of the said scroles, and that the advowson of that parish which shall be mentioned in the said scrole .. to be drawn out of the said hatte, by the said Lord Tyrone, shall stand and be the advowson of the said .. Tyrone, his heirs and assigns, for ever." In 1750 Rev. James Lowry was granted the right to hold a weekly market in Pomeroy and an important event was the twice yearly Hiring Fair, held in May and November. Men and women from the surrounding countryside would gather at the fair and hire themselves out as farm workers and servants. In the 1640s the large forest had been stripped of timber and for many years after remained neglected. In 1770 the Rev. James Lowry undertook its management, replanted about and left money to build Pomeroy House. The Lowry family played a big part in the life of the area for about 200 years. In the square is the Church of Ireland church which dates from the early 1840s. Its belfry and tower were paid for by the Lowry family as a token of their esteem for Pomeroy. Much of the woodland is gone and the Georgian mansion demolished. All that remains is the family burial vault on Tanderagee Road. This was once approached by the longest avenue of Chilean pine trees in Ireland. The road leading from Pomeroy to Donaghmore is known as the Royal Road because in 1689 James II and VII took this route to visit his troops in Derry during the historic siege. This route brought him through Cappagh and Altmore. King James’s Well is by the roadside just outside Cappagh. Transport The Portadown, Dungannon and Omagh Junction Railway opened Pomeroy railway station on 2 September |
1861. From 1876 until 1958 it was part of the Great Northern Railway. The Ulster Transport Authority closed the station and the PD&O line on 15 February 1965. Throughout its history it had the highest altitude of any Irish gauge railway station in Ireland. West of Pomeroy the railway reached its summit, above sea level, the highest point on Ireland's Irish gauge network. Economy Pomeroy is the home of the multi-award-winning farm shop at Cloughbane Farm, which uses only locally sourced meat, vegetables, potatoes, milk and flour in its products. The 180-acre farm is a fourth-generation, family-run beef and lamb farm outside Dungannon. The on-site farm shop and butchers were established in 2003 and in 2006 began selling home-cooked pies and take-away meals. In 2006 the company, which has won five UK Great Taste Awards, expanded after securing a supply deal with Tesco. Sport Pomeroy Plunketts is the local Gaelic Athletic Association club. Places of interest There is a modern forestry school on the estate of the Rev. James Lowry, the 18th century planner of the village. Mountains of Pomeroy Carrickmore Altmore Gortavoy Bridge Cavanakeeran Demography Pomeroy is classified as a small village or hamlet by the NI Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA) (i.e. with population between 500 and 1,000 people). On Census day (29 April 2001) 604 people were recorded as living in Pomeroy. Of these: 29.6% were aged under 16 years and 15.5% were aged 60 and over 47.2% of the population were male and 52.8% were female 92.7% were from a Roman Catholic background and 6.6% were from a Protestant background 8.0% of people aged 16–74 were unemployed For more details see: NI Neighbourhood Information Service People Philomena Begley, Irish country music singer Andrea Begley, winner of BBC's The Voice in June 2013. Liam Kelly, Irish republican politician and activist James Irwin, Eighth person to walk on the Moon, Grandparents from Altmore. See also List of civil parishes of County Tyrone References Links Parish of Pomeroy County Tyrone.com Pomeroy GAA Category:Villages in County Tyrone Category:Civil parishes of County Tyrone |
Red shoveler The red shoveler (Spatula platalea) is a species of dabbling duck native to southern South America. Description The species has a spatula-shaped bill, a green speculum, and light blue upper wing converts. Male shovelers vary in color from red to paler shades of red (and pink), while the females tend to have large, dark bills. Adults reach a size of about , weigh about , and have a wingspan of about . Distribution and habitat The red shoveler breeds in the southern half of South America. It ranges from Tierra del Fuego northwards to Chile and most parts of Argentina, as well as to the Falkland Islands, and there are small isolated breeding populations in southern Peru. It inhabits shallow lakes and pools with dense reed beds and marshes and can also be found in brackish waters, such as coastal lagoons and estuaries. Ecology Red shovelers have a diet that includes herbs, grasses, pond weeds, widgeon grass, algae, and eelgrass. They also feed on small invertebrates. The bill is equipped with a lamellate filtering mechanism that allows the extraction of small items of food from the water. Pairs form in the wintering grounds, after often noisy courtship. Once a clutch of 7-8 eggs is laid, incubation lasts about 25–26 days, followed by 40–45 days of fledging. Red shovelers are partially migratory, with the southern most birds migrating north during the winter season. Conservation The red shoveler is a relatively common and widespread species, and is not currently considered at risk. However, it may suffer to an extent from the degradation of its wetland habitats. The species is classified as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List due to its extremely large range and apparently overall stable population. References red shoveler Category:Birds of Chile Category:Birds of Argentina Category:Birds of Paraguay Category:Birds of Uruguay Category:Birds of Bolivia Category:Birds of the Altiplano red shoveler |
USS Circassian (1862) USS Circassian (1862) was a large steamer captured by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Union Navy as a supply ship for ships on the blockade of the ports and waterways of the Confederate States of America. Circassian captured and placed into Union Navy service Circassian, an iron screw steamer, was captured 4 May 1862 by ; purchased from the prize court at Key West, Florida, 8 November 1862; outfitted at New York Navy Yard; and commissioned 12 December 1862, Acting Volunteer Lieutenant W. B. Eaton in command. Assigned to the East and West Gulf Blockades Circassian served as supply ship for the East and West Gulf Blockading Squadrons. Between 17 December 1862 and 11 April 1865 she completed nine cruises from New York City or Boston, Massachusetts, delivering supplies to ships and stations along the Atlantic coast and in the Gulf of Mexico as far west as Galveston, Texas, and up the Mississippi River to New Orleans, Louisiana. On return trips she carried men due to be discharged, invalids, prisoners of war, cotton and provisions. During this time she also captured two prizes and participated in the search for the Confederate steamer Florida in July 1864. In the Gulf of Mexico off Sabine Pass on 3 September 1864, she picked up a boat carrying nine members of the crew of the U.S. steamer Gillum, which had been wrecked during a voyage from New Orleans to Matamoros, Mexico. End-of-war operations and decommissioning Circassian arrived at Boston Navy Yard from her last cruise 11 April 1865, was placed out of commission 26 April 1865 and sold 22 June 1865. See also United States Navy American Civil War References Category:Ships of the Union Navy Category:Steamships of the United States Navy Category:American Civil War auxiliary ships of the United States Category:Stores ships of the United States Navy |
TLO (disambiguation) TLO is a bus company group in Finland. TLO may also refer to: T.L.O., an unnamed high school student involved in the U.S. Supreme Court case New Jersey v. T.L.O. Total Loss Only, a type of maritime insurance policy Technology Licensing Office, another term for university technology transfer offices Talodi language, by ISO 639-3 code TLO an information broker company. |
Coset In mathematics, specifically group theory, given an element g of a group G and a subgroup H of G, gH = { gh : h an element of H } is the left coset of H in G with respect to g, and Hg = { hg : h an element of H } is the right coset of H in G with respect to g. If the group operation is written additively, the notation used changes to or . Cosets are a basic tool in the study of groups; for example they play a central role in Lagrange's theorem that states that for any finite group G, the number of elements of every subgroup H of G divides the number of elements of G. The element g belongs to the coset gH. If x belongs to gH then xH=gH. Thus every element of G belongs to exactly one left coset of the subgroup H. Elements g and x belong to the same left coset of H if and only if g-1x belongs to H. Similar statements apply to right cosets. If G is an abelian group, then gH = Hg for every subgroup H of G and every element g of G. In general, given an element g and a subgroup H of a group G, the right coset of H with respect to g is also the left coset of the conjugate subgroup g−1Hg with respect to g, that is, Hg = g ( g−1Hg ). The number of left cosets of H in G is equal to the number of right cosets of H in G. The common value is called the index of H in G. A subgroup N of a group G is a normal subgroup of G if and only if for all elements g of G the corresponding left and right coset are equal, that is, gN = Ng. Furthermore, the cosets of N in G form a group called the quotient group or factor group. Examples C2 Let G = ({−1,1}, ×) be the group formed by {−1,1} under multiplication, which is isomorphic to C2, and H the trivial subgroup ({1}, ×). Then {−1} = (−1)H = H(−1) and {1} = 1H = H1 are the only cosets of H in G. Because its left and right cosets with respect to any element of G coincide, H is a normal subgroup of G. Integers Let G be the additive group of the integers, and H the subgroup (mZ, +) = ({..., −2m, −m, 0, m, 2m, ...}, +) where m is a positive integer. Then the cosets of H in G are the m sets mZ, mZ + 1, ..., mZ + (m − 1), where mZ + a = {..., −2m+a, −m+a, a, m+a, 2m+a, ...}. There are no more than m cosets, because mZ + m = m(Z + 1) = mZ. The coset (mZ + a, +) is the congruence class of a modulo m. Vectors Another example of a coset comes from the theory of vector spaces. The elements (vectors) of a vector space form an abelian group under vector addition. It is not hard to show that subspaces of a vector space are subgroups of this group. For a vector space V, a subspace W, and a fixed vector a in V, the sets are called affine subspaces, and are cosets (both left and right, since the group is abelian). In terms of geometric vectors, these affine subspaces are all the "lines" or "planes" parallel to the subspace, which is a line or plane going through |
the origin. Double cosets Given two subgroups, H and K of a group G, the double cosets of H and K in G are the sets of the form HgK = {hgk : h an element of H , k an element of K }. These are the left cosets of K and right cosets of H when H=1 and K=1 respectively. Notation Let G be a group with subgroups H and K. denotes the set of left cosets of H in G. denotes the set of right cosets of H in G. denotes the set of double cosets of H and K in G. General properties The identity is in precisely one left or right coset, namely H itself. Thus H is both a left and right coset of itself. A coset representative is a representative in the equivalence class sense. A set of representatives of all the cosets is called a transversal. There are other types of equivalence relations in a group, such as conjugacy, that form different classes which do not have the properties discussed here. Index of a subgroup Every left or right coset of H has the same number of elements (or cardinality in the case of an infinite H) as H itself. Furthermore, the number of left cosets is equal to the number of right cosets and is known as the index of H in G, written as [G : H ]. Lagrange's theorem allows us to compute the index in the case where G and H are finite: . This equation also holds in the case where the groups are infinite, although the meaning may be less clear. Cosets and normality If H is not normal in G, then its left cosets are different from its right cosets. That is, there is an a in G such that no element b satisfies . This means that the partition of G into the left cosets of H is a different partition than the partition of G into right cosets of H. (Some cosets may coincide. For example, if a is in the center of G, then .) On the other hand, the subgroup N is normal if and only if for all g in G. In this case, the set of all cosets form a group called the quotient group with the operation ∗ defined by . Since every right coset is a left coset, there is no need to distinguish "left cosets" from "right cosets". Applications Cosets of Q in R are used in the construction of Vitali sets, a type of non-measurable set. Cosets are central in the definition of the transfer. Cosets are important in computational group theory. For example, Thistlethwaite's algorithm for solving Rubik's Cube relies heavily on cosets. Coset leaders are used in decoding received data in linear error-correcting codes. See also Double coset Heap Lagrange's theorem Quotient group Coset enumeration References External links Illustrated examples Category:Group theory de:Gruppentheorie#Nebenklassen ru:Глоссарий теории групп#К |
Collège Élite (Beirut) Collège Élite or Lycée français international Elite - Beyrouth is a French international school in Lebanon that is a part of the Association Franco-Libanaise pour l'Education et la Culture (AFLEC) network. Its main campus is in Beirut, and it has a branch campus in Bchamoun, It serves levels toute petite section (less than three years) through terminale, the final year of lycée (senior high school/sixth form college). At the Bchamoun campus students may study until seconde (first year of lycée), while students must go to the main campus in Beirut for première (second year of lycée) and terminale (third year) levels. The school was first established in 1982, and the Bchamoun campus was established in 1998. , of the students in the main campus, 85% were Lebanese, 11% were French, and 4% were of other nationalities. At the Bchamoun campus 95% of the students were Lebanese, 1% were French, and 4% were of other nationalities. References External links Lycée français international Elite - Beyrouth Lycée Français International Elite AFLEC - Bchamoun Groupe d’Etablissements Elite (GEE) Category:French international schools in Lebanon Category:International schools in Beirut Category:1982 establishments in Lebanon Category:Educational institutions established in 1982 |
Graphium ucalegonides Graphium ucalegonides is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, northern Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Chad. Taxonomy It is treated as a full species by some authors, but is also treated as a subspecies of Graphium fulleri (Grose-Smith, 1883) by Smith & Vane-Wright (2001). References Smith C. R. & Vane-Wright R.I. 2001. A review of the Afrotropical species of the genus Graphium (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera: Papilionidae). Bulletin of the Natural History Museum (Entomology Series) 70(2): 503-719. ucalegonides Category:Butterflies of Africa Category:Butterflies described in 1884 Category:Taxa named by Otto Staudinger |
Bashir Mufti Bashir Mufti (born 1969) is an Algerian novelist and writer. He was born in Algiers and started writing in the mid-1980s. He has published a number of novels and short story collections. His most recent novel Toy of Fire was nominated for the 2012 Arabic Booker Prize. Mufti's work has been translated into French and English, and his writing was featured in the Spring 2000 issue of Banipal magazine dedicated to contemporary Algerian literature. Mufti has also contributed journalistic pieces and works in Algerian television as a producer of cultural programmes. Selected books Archipelago of Flies (2000) Witness of the Darkness (2002) Perfumes of the Mirage (2005) Trees of the Resurrection (2007) Maps of Nightly Passion (2009) Toy of Fire (novel) References Category:1969 births Category:Algerian novelists Category:Algerian male short story writers Category:People from Algiers Category:Living people |
Katharina Rensch Katharina Rensch (later Schirmer, born 7 October 1964) is a retired German gymnast. She competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics in all artistic gymnastics events and won a bronze medal in the team competition. Her best individual result was sixth place in the vault. She won another bronze medal with the East German team at the 1979 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships. References External links Katharina Rensch (GDR) at Gymn-Forum.net Category:1964 births Category:Living people Category:Sportspeople from Berlin Category:German female artistic gymnasts Category:Olympic gymnasts of East Germany Category:Gymnasts at the 1980 Summer Olympics Category:Olympic bronze medalists for East Germany Category:Olympic medalists in gymnastics Category:Medalists at the 1980 Summer Olympics Category:Medalists at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships |
Vara, Kermanshah Vara (, also Romanized as Varā; also known as Gārā, Garra, and Vorrā’) is a village in Howli Rural District, in the Central District of Paveh County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 290, in 80 families. References Category:Populated places in Paveh County |
The Rich Slave The Rich Slave is a silent film released in 1921. It was directed by Romaine Fielding and written by Lloyd Lonergan. The film starred Mabel Taliaferro. Romaine Fielding was also part of the cast along with Gladys Claypool, Joseph W. Smiley, Vinnie Burns, Claire Gage, Arthur Elton (actor), Martha Forrest, Edgar Viller, and Ira Hards. It was a Jaxon Film Corp. productions. The plot involves an orphan who suffers poor care and then becomes a target when she stands to inherit land. Romance ensues as a hero perseveres to help her escape harm. References Category:1921 films Category:Silent films |
C14H17N3O {{DISPLAYTITLE:C14H17N3O}} The molecular formula C14H17N3O (molar mass: 243.304 g/mol) may refer to: Frovatriptan YM-348 Category:Molecular formulas |
Rosemary Kyburz Rosemary Annette Kyburz (née Plim; born 16 April 1944) Member of the Queensland State Parliament (1974–1983) as the Liberal Member for Salisbury. Kyburz married fellow politician Rob Akers while in parliament, the first time sitting members had married each other. The two would have two children. Another first was Kyburz giving birth to her first son while a parliamentarian. Kyburz was a well-known supporter of feminist causes in 1970s Queensland politics. She and her husband both lost their seats in the 1983 Liberal Party electoral collapse after National Party Premier (Sir Joh Bjelke-Petersen) characterised many of the Liberal Party members of his Coalition government as "ratbags". She later stated that she would prefer to lose her seat to a Labor Party candidate than a National: she received her wish, being defeated in 1983, shortly after giving birth, by Wayne Goss. Personal life Kyburz was born Rosemary Annette Plim in Sydney, Australia, daughter of John Bruce Plim and Zoe Rose Plim. She married her first husband, Rolf Kyburz in Argentina. References Category:1944 births Category:Living people Category:Liberal Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Queensland Category:Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly Category:Women members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly |
Cowies Hill Cowies Hill is a small upmarket residential suburb of Pinetown in Durban, South Africa. Its eponymous hill is a major feature in the Comrades Marathon which is held between Durban and Pietermaritzburg every year. Cowies Hill was originally established as farm land and was inhabited by the mayor of Pinetown and his family due to its position overlooking Pinetown. It is situated approximately 15 km off the coast line. Cowies Hill was the site of a farm known as Buffelskop (Buffalo Head) owned by William Cowie in the latter part of the 19th century. References Category:Suburbs of Durban |
Allophoron Allophoron is a genus of fungi in the Ascomycota phylum. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the phylum is unknown (incertae sedis), and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any class, order, or family. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Allophoron farinosum. See also List of Ascomycota genera incertae sedis References External links Index Fungorum Category:Ascomycota incertae sedis Category:Monotypic Ascomycota genera |
List of Staten Island Railway stations The Staten Island Railway (formerly known as the Staten Island Rapid Transit) is a rapid transit system on Staten Island, New York. Its operator has been the Metropolitan Transportation Authority of New York since 1971, whereas prior to that year it was owned by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. Main Line This list contains all stations currently open on the Staten Island Railway (SIR). All active SIR stations are located on the Main Line, which spans from Tottenville to the St. George Ferry Terminal. Stations tend to be built either above ground level on embankments or are open-cut stations built below ground level, but open to the sky. Disused and former stations The majority of former stations are located on the North Shore Branch and South Beach Branch, which were closed to passenger service at midnight on Tuesday, March 31, 1953. A small western portion of the North Shore Branch that is disconnected to the Main Line is used for freight service, and a smaller eastern portion of the same branch provided seasonal service to the RCB Ballpark (where the Staten Island Yankees play) passenger station from 2001 to 2009. Restoration is being discussed along this mostly abandoned line as part of the Staten Island light rail plan. The South Beach Branch was abandoned and demolished except for a remaining stanchion on St. John's Avenue and the Robin Road Trestle. This line diverged from the Main Line south of the Clifton station and lay to the east of the Main Line. See also References External links SIRT Track Map on nycsubway.org Staten Island SIR Railway stations |
Álberis da Silva Álberis Sérgio Ângelo da Silva (born 2 December 1984) is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a defender. References External links Category:1984 births Category:Living people Category:Association football defenders Category:Brazilian footballers Category:Brazilian expatriate footballers Category:Åtvidabergs FF players Category:Allsvenskan players Category:Superettan players Category:Expatriate footballers in Sweden Category:FC Linköping City players |
Thomas Stubbs (cricketer) Thomas Alfred Stubbs (13 March 1872 – date of death unknown) was an English cricketer active in first-class cricket from 1893–1894, making four appearances as a batsman. Having played club cricket in Liverpool for Sefton and Sefton Park in the early 1890s, Stubbs made his debut in first-class cricket when he was selected to play for the Liverpool and District cricket team in 1893 against Yorkshire at Aigburth. He made a further appearance in 1893 against the touring Australians, before playing twice more against Yorkshire and Cambridge University in 1894. He scored a total of 168 runs in his four matches, averaging 24.00, with a high score of 43, which he made against Cambridge University. References External links Thomas Stubbs at ESPNcricinfo Thomas Stubbs at CricketArchive Category:1872 births Category:People from West Derby Category:English cricketers Category:Liverpool and District cricketers Category:Year of death missing |
Bombing of Bangkok in World War II Bangkok was bombed by the Allies on numerous occasions during World War II. I It was also the target for the first combat mission by Boeing B-29 Superfortresses in June 1944. Initial British and American air raids Allied bombing raids on the Thai capital city of Bangkok began even before Thailand had declared war, since the Empire of Japan was using the country as a staging area for its invasions of both Malaya and Burma, with the reluctant agreement of the Thai government after Japan's successful invasion of the southeast Asian country on 8 December 1941. The first raid came on 7 January 1942, when Royal Air Force (RAF) aircraft flying from Rangoon, attacked military targets in the city. The American Volunteer Group, together with seven No. 113 Squadron RAF and three No. 45 Squadron RAF Bristol Blenheim bombers, were involved in the first raid. No. 113 Squadron's planes were piloted by No. 60 Squadron's air crew. The second night raid was carried out by eight Blenheims on 24–25 January and included No. 60 Squadron RAF aircrew. A final raid was made three days later by four Blenheims. This was the last raid by Blenheims until May or June 1945. The British and American bombings were also aided by the Free Thai Movement, an Allied-aligned, anti-Japanese guerilla movement. Agents of the Free Thai Movement designated targets for Allied planes and locations of Japanese positions and even reported on the weather over the targets. After Rangoon fell to the Japanese on 7 March, heavy bombers, such as the RAF and American Tenth Air Force Consolidated B-24 Liberators, based in India and China, attacked targets in Thailand. The raids were carried out because Bangkok by then had become a command centre for the Japanese on the Southeast Asian front. RAF and USAAF bombers carried out the raids as part of the Pacific campaigns. The bombers struck installations used by the occupying Japanese military, but the raids were also intended to pressure the government of Thai military strongman Plaek Pibulsongkram to abandon his unpopular alliance with Imperial Japan. The major targets were the newly completed Port of Bangkok and the Thai railway system. Raids by RAF, USAAF, and other Allied air forces continued with growing intensity from India, and after the liberation of Rangoon on 3 May 1945, from Rangoon until the end of the war in August that year. Blenheim bombers and Mustangs operated out of Rangoon against Bangkok in this later phase of the bombing. First B-29 Superfortress combat mission In its first combat mission, the American Boeing B-29 Superfortress was used by the XX Bomber Command's 58th Air Division to strike targets in Bangkok, before it was deployed against the Japanese home islands. The decision to use the B-29s to bomb Bangkok dated back to 1943 and was mentioned in a communique between US President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill in which Roosevelt suggested that they be used to bomb the port and railways. On 5 June 1944, 98 B-29s led by the 58th's commander, General LaVerne Saunders, flew from airfields in India to attack the Makasan railway yards in Bangkok. A 2,261 mile round trip, the raid was the longest mission to date in the war. Only 77 of the B-29s made it to Bangkok, 21 others having had to turn back because of engine problems. Reaching the Thai capital at about 11:00, the bombers found their targets obscured by bad weather. The B-29s were meant to drop their bombs from between 22,000 and 25,000 feet, but instead |
released their bombs at between 17,000 and 27,000 feet. Only 18 bombs hit their intended targets. The others destroyed a Japanese military hospital and damaged the Japanese secret police headquarters. On their return to India, 42 of the B-29s had to divert to other airfields because of a lack of fuel. Five of these crashed on landing. Further raids were carried out by the Superfortresses against strategic targets in Bangkok. Temporary British occupation At the end of the hostilities, British and Indian military forces arrived in Bangkok to disarm and repatriate the surrendered Japanese. On 9 September 1945, the RAF set up its headquarters under Group Captain Don Finlay of the RAF's 909 Wing at Bangkok's Don Muang airfield. Three RAF squadrons were represented in Siam during the brief occupation: No. 20 Squadron RAF with Spitfire VIII aircraft, No. 211 Squadron RAF with de Havilland Mosquito VI aircraft, and a detachment of No. 685 Squadron RAF with Mosquito photo-reconnaissance aircraft. The airfield was defended by No. 2945 Squadron, RAF Regiment. Almost all the RAF units had left by January 1946. See also Far East Air Force (Royal Air Force) Thailand in World War II Bombing of South-East Asia (1944–45) References External links Pattaya Mail: A Slice of Thai History: The Air War Over Thailand, 1941–1945, Part Two, The Allies Attack Thailand, 1942–1945 Internet videos Category:World War II aerial operations and battles of the Pacific theatre Category:World War II strategic bombing Category:Conflicts in 1944 Category:1944 in Thailand Category:History of Bangkok Category:Military history of Thailand during World War II Category:20th century in Bangkok Category:Japan–Thailand military relations Category:Thailand–United Kingdom military relations Category:Thailand–United States military relations |
Sean McDermott (long snapper) Sean McDermott (born December 5, 1976) is a former American football long snapper / tight end in the National Football League. He was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in 2001. He played college football at Kansas. External links New England Patriots bio Category:People from Lufkin, Texas Category:Players of American football from Texas Category:American football tight ends Category:American football long snappers Category:Kansas Jayhawks football players Category:Tampa Bay Buccaneers players Category:Houston Texans players Category:Miami Dolphins players Category:New England Patriots players Category:1976 births Category:Living people Category:Super Bowl champions |
Ushangi Margiani Ushangi Margiani (born 28 January 1994) is a Georgian judoka. References Category:Male judoka from Georgia (country) Category:1994 births Category:Living people Category:European Games competitors for Georgia (country) Category:Judoka at the 2015 European Games Category:European Games medalists in judo Category:European Games silver medalists for Georgia (country) |
G. Earl Guinn George Earl Guinn, known as G. Earl Guinn (August 21, 1912 – June 7, 2004), was from 1951 to 1975 the fifth president of Southern Baptist-affiliated Louisiana College in Pineville, Louisiana. Background Guinn was the youngest of six children of Mr. and Mrs. John Guinn; his father (1872-1920) was born and died in Polk County, Tennessee. Guinn graduated from LC in 1937 and was the first LC president to have been an alumnus of the institution. He obtained his doctorate from New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary. Prior to his appointment as the LC president in the summer of 1951, Guinn had been a pastor in several Southern Baptist churches, including First Baptist in Bossier City, Louisiana, and had been an associate professor of theology at Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary in Fort Worth, Texas. LC president Guinn launched the first construction program since the founding of Louisiana College in 1906. In 1953, Simon W. Tudor of Pineville donated twenty-seven acres of additional land to the college. Projects completed under Guinn were the Warner Cottage and the Morgan Walker Student Center (since the Hixson Center), named for Morgan W. Walker Sr., the founder of what became Continental Trailways. A two-story presidents house was constructed in 1956; it is now the Robert L. and Bonnie Lynn Alumni and Development Center named for Guinn's successor as president, Robert L. Lynn and Lynn's wife, Dr. Bonnie Moore Lynn. Other buildings added during Guinn's period as president were the Richard W. Norton Memorial Library, Tudor Hall, Weathersby Fine Arts Building, H.O. West Physical Education Building, and twenty student apartments. To raise money for a science center, religious education building, and auditorium, Guinn launched a $2 million fundraising operation through the Louisiana Baptist Convention, the first statewide campaign in the history of Southern Baptists to raise funds for Christian higher education. LC football, first played in 1907, was discontinued in 1969. The Guinn Religious Education Center, completed in 1973, is named in his honor. It contains classroom space for the religion department, the 300-seat Frances S. Bolton Chapel, and the 1,800-seat Guinn Auditorium, where student assemblies are held. The facility houses the Gladys Tatum West Pipe Organ, a 185-rank, five-manual Moeller organ, among the largest such instruments in the South. The Dr. G. Earl Guinn Endowed Forensic Scholarship is awarded to a student in the debate squad. Thus far, Guinn is the second longest-serving LC president, topped by Claybrook Cottingham, the president from 1910 to 1941, who thereafter headed Louisiana Tech University until his accidental death in 1949. Guinn's successor, Robert L. Lynn, served twenty-two years from 1975 to 1997. In retirement, Guin spoke against the conservative resurgence, which began in 1979 in the Southern Baptist Convention. In a 2001 address to a group called "Mainstream Southern Baptists", he claimed that church donations had declined under conservative control and proclaimed: ...The human hunger for freedom cannot be suppressed forever. This insistence on liberty has been at the heart of the Baptist movement from its inception. ... It is to the Lord Jesus Christ and to Him alone that the soul is accountable. Apparently those who hatched the scheme to take control of the [national and state] convention and force creedal conformity upon the constituency underestimated the importance of soul freedom in Baptist experience and history. They have captured the apparatus but find themselves losing much of the funding it formerly enjoyed. The victors have no power to tax, and Baptists are not inclined to support that in which representation is denied. The disenfranchisement of all but the "faithful" has led to a Baptist tea |
party that is growing in attendance. Baptist universities and colleges in a number of states have broken away in the interest of freedom and excellence in education. State conventions are altering patterns of giving. Several alliances and fellowships have been organized. A number of new seminaries have been created. Some churches have severed their relationship with the SBC. ... An unknown number of Baptists, including pastors, embarrassed and denied opportunity to serve, have gone to other denominations. The invitation of some convention leaders to conform or get out is seen by many as an invitation to the Tea Party and they are accepting. ... Personal life and death Guinn was first married to the former Gail Holmes (1914-1969). After her death, he wed the former Neva Norsworthy (born July 1927) of Alexandria, a donor to both Louisiana College and the moderate Baptist publication Baptists Today that opposes the SBC conservative resurgence. Guinn died in Alexandria at the age of ninety-one. He is interred beside his first wife at Forest Lawn Memorial Park north of Pineville in Ball. References Category:1912 births Category:2004 deaths Category:People from Polk County, Tennessee Category:People from Fort Worth, Texas Category:People from Pineville, Louisiana Category:People from Alexandria, Louisiana Category:Baptist ministers from the United States Category:Educators from Louisiana Category:Louisiana College alumni Category:New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary alumni Category:Presidents of Louisiana College Category:Burials in Louisiana Category:Baptists from Tennessee Category:Baptists from Louisiana |
Chramesus subopacus Chramesus subopacus is a species of crenulate bark beetle in the family Curculionidae. It is found in North America. References Further reading Category:Scolytinae Category:Articles created by Qbugbot Category:Beetles described in 1908 |
Venetian literature Venetian literature is the corpus of literature in Venetian, the vernacular language of the region roughly corresponding to Venice, from the 12th century. Venetian literature, after an initial period of splendour in the sixteenth century with the success of artists such as Ruzante, reached its zenith in the eighteenth century, thanks to its greatest exponent, dramatist Carlo Goldoni. Subsequently, the literary production in Venetian underwent a period of decline following the collapse of the Republic of Venice, but survived nonetheless into the twentieth century to reach peaks with wonderful lyrical poets such as Biagio Marin of Grado. Origin The first evidence of the birth of vernacular Venetian (and Italian) is the Veronese Riddle, dating between the end of the eighth and the early ninth century, written in a language halfway between Latin and the vernacular. The first fragment entirely in Venetian, dating to circa 1198, is the Ritmo bellunese which deals with events at Belluno in the years 1183 to 1196. Also dating to the twelfth century are the verses of the love song Quando eu stava in le tu' cathene. Thirteenth century In the thirteenth century we witness in the Venetian an explosion of compositions designed to meet the literary tastes of the emerging urban classes. Especially remarkable is the production of the Veronese School, with Giacomino da Verona, author of the poem in two parts, De Gerusalem Celesti ("On the Heavenly Jerusalem") and De Babilonia Civitate Infernali ("On Babylon, the Infernal City"). Published anonymously from this era are Lamento della Sposa Padovana or Bona çilosia Fourteenth century Throughout the 14th century, the centre of literary production Venetian continued to be Padua. At the end of the 14th century, Count Carraresi commissioned Bibbia Istoriata Padovana and Liber agregà of Serapion also called "Erbario Carrarese" (held at the British Library, London), a translation from the Latin Carrara Herbarium, a treatise of medicine originally in Arabic. An important writer from this period is Francesco di Vannozzo (~1330-1389). Cronaca de la guera tra Veniciani e Zenovesi by Daniele da Chinazzo is a chronicle of the War of Chioggia between 1379 and 1381. Original works of the fourteenth century include those that go together under the name of Franco-Venetian literature characterized by a unique mix of vulgar Venetian with medieval French. Among the best known works are the anonymously authored lEntrée d'Espagne and its continuation, La prise de Pampelune by Niccolò da Verona. Later Notable is a manuscript titled "Dialogue ... on the New star" attributed to Galileo (1564–1642). The language enjoyed substantial prestige in the days of the Venetian Republic, when it attained the status of a lingua franca in the Mediterranean. Notable Venetian-language authors are the playwrights Ruzante (1502–1542) and Carlo Goldoni (1707–1793). Both Ruzante and Goldoni, following the old Italian theater tradition (Commedia dell'Arte), used Venetian in their comedies as the speech of the common folk. They are ranked among the foremost Italian theatrical authors of all time, and Goldoni's plays are still performed today. Other notable works in Venetian are the translations of the Iliad by Casanova (1725–1798) and Francesco Boaretti, and the poems of Biagio Marin (1891–1985). Nowadays Venetian is still vigorous even in Brazil, where it is called Talian. This Venetian language version, spoken by hundreds of thousands of emigrants from Veneto living in Brasil, is written by dozens of writers, especially in Rio Grando and Santa Cattarina. References Elettra Bedon. Il filo di Arianna. Letteratura contemporanea in lingua veneta. Longo Editore, 1999. Bruno Rosada. I secoli della letteratura veneta. Complementi dell'Offerta Formativa, a cura della Regione Veneto e della Provincia di Venezia. Arti Grafiche |
Venete, Venezia, 2002. Category:Venetian language Category:Italian literature Category:Literature by language Category:European literature |
Harri Linnonmaa Harri Lauri Linnonmaa (born July 30, 1946 in Helsinki, Finland) is a retired professional ice hockey player who played in the SM-liiga. He played for HJK and HIFK. He was inducted into the Finnish Hockey Hall of Fame in 1991. External links Finnish Hockey Hall of Fame bio Category:1946 births Category:Living people Category:Finnish Hockey Hall of Fame inductees Category:Finnish ice hockey players Category:HIFK (ice hockey) players Category:Ice hockey players at the 1972 Winter Olympics Category:Olympic ice hockey players of Finland Category:Sportspeople from Helsinki |
Tarachodes afzelii Tarachodes afzelii, commonly known as Tanzanian ground mantis, is a species of praying mantis in the genus Tarachodes. It is native to woodland in Western and Central Africa. Description Tarachodes afzelii protects itself using camouflage. It is an olive-brown or grey-brown colour, sometimes with dark bars or a dark midline, which makes it resemble the bark of the trees on which it lives. The body is flattened and held pressed against the surface of the trunk or branch so that its shadow does not give it away. Males have grey wings, which make them rather easier to detect, and females have vestigial wings and are unable to fly. Distribution Tarachodes afzelii is native to Central and West Africa where it is found in the savannah woodlands that separate the rainforest from drier grassland. Ecology Most mantids do not guard their eggs or care for their young. The female Tarachodes afzelii lays a batch of up to two hundred eggs contained in a cryptically-coloured ootheca. She then broods the eggs by concealing the ootheca under her abdomen as she rests on the bark. She defends the eggs by driving away the tiny chalcid wasps that try to lay their eggs inside the ootheca, and the ants and beetles that would like to feed on the eggs. Although the eggs can develop without the mother brooding them, the hatching success rate is much lower in unbrooded eggs. Remarkably, Tarachodes afzelii continues her care of her nymphs after they hatch out in about three weeks. For about two days, they cluster round her, and gather together again in her vicinity after a disturbance. At this stage they are vulnerable to attack by jumping spiders, and ants of the genera Dorylus and Megaponera. It is conceivable that the female might catch prey and allow her offspring to consume it, but such behaviour has not been observed. The first and second instars are Batesian mimics of black ants, while bigger instars and adults, neither of which are ant mimics, are predators of those same ants. See also List of mantis genera and species References Category:Tarachodes Category:Insects described in 1871 Category:Mantodea of Africa |
1995–96 Azerbaijan Top League The 1995-96 Azerbaijan Top League was the fifth season of the Azerbaijan Top League and was contested by 11 clubs and was the first season were 3 points were awarded for a win. Kəpəz were the defending champions but were unable to keep their title as Neftchi Baku completed a domestic double, winning their second Azerbaijan League title and the Azerbaijan Cup. Stadia and locations ''Note: Table lists in alphabetical order. First round League table Results Second round Championship group Relegation group Results Season statistics Top scorers References External links 1995-96 RSSSF APL Stats Category:Azerbaijan Premier League seasons Azer Category:1995–96 in Azerbaijani football |
Thotti Jaya Thotti Jaya is a 2005 Indian Tamil gangster thriller film written and directed by Durai. The film features Silambarasan and Gopika in lead roles. The soundtrack was composed by Harris Jayaraj. Plot Jayachandran (Simbu) is an orphan working in a hotel as a helper. It is assumed he gets his title name "Thotti Jaya" as he is found in a garbage bin as an infant. One day he beats and fends off a man who gets into a squabble with the hotel owner. The following night, the hotel owner rewards him with cash and dreads him the next morning. He realizes people only respect people they fear. So he walks out from the hotel and reaches Chennai. He is spotted by Seena Thana (Pradeep Rawat) and is hired as a henchman. In an incident, Thotti Jaya gets entangled in a political and police trap. To escape from police, Thotti Jaya slips to Calcutta and goes into hiding. Meanwhile, Brinda (Gopika), a college girl from Kanyakumari, comes to Calcutta on a tour along with her friends. Pimps operating in the red light area of Calcutta take away Brinda. Thotti Jaya accidentally meets Brinda when she tries to escape from the gang. He helps Brinda escape from the gang and takes her safely to Kanyakumari. On her way back home by train, Brinda starts admiring Thotti Jaya's niceties and gradually falls in love with him. When she expresses her desire, Thotti Jaya reciprocates her love, and both decide to enter into wedlock, but little does he know that Brinda is actually Seena Thana's daughter. Thotti Jaya takes away Brinda from her house and earns Seena Thana's wrath. Angered by this, Seena Thana summons his rowdy gangs and plots to bump off Thotti Jaya. How Thotti Jaya accomplishes his hopes of marrying Brinda is told in the remaining part of the story. Cast Silambarasan as Jayachandran alias "Thotti Jaya"(Tamil)/Chandrasekar alias "Jalakanta"(Telugu) Gopika as Brinda(Tamil)/Bhagya(Telugu) Pradeep Rawat as Seena Thana G. M. Sundar as Hotel Owner Ceylon Manohar as Nagu Vincent Asokan as Muthu Ganesh G. M. Kumar as Hotel owner Cochin Haneefa Rajendran OAK Sundar Linda Arsenio as item number R. D. Rajasekhar in a special appearance as a gangster Production After finishing Sachein, Kalaipuli Thanu approved the plotline of narrated by V. Z. Durai. Durai wanted Jeevan to play lead role and also conducted test shoots with him but director was not impressed with his performance he replaced him with Simbhu. Thanu was initially reluctant to have him as lead actor since Thanu had misunderstandings with his father T. Rajender during the time of Coolikaaran, later he made up his mind. Nayanthara was initially selected as heroine but she was replaced with Gopika. Simbhu refused to dub for the film after shooting citing salary problems, the problem was resolved in Tamil Nadu Producers Council. Soundtrack There are six songs composed by Harris Jayaraj collaborated with Durai and Silambarasan for first and only time. Lyrics written by Na. Muthukumar, Thamarai, Kabilan. Yuvan Shankar Raja, who was first signed as the music director, composed one song for the film, not included in the soundtrack and is credited in the title card. "Yaaridamum" was re-used from Harris's own song "Ye Chilipi" from Telugu film Gharshana, remake of Kaakha Kaakha. References External links Category:2005 films Category:Tamil-language films Category:Indian films Category:2000s Tamil-language films Category:Films set in Kolkata Category:Films shot in Kolkata Category:Indian gangster films Category:Films set in Chennai Category:Films shot in Chennai Category:Indian action thriller films Category:Tamil film scores by Harris Jayaraj Category:Films featuring an item number |
Provisional Government of the Northern Region The Provisional Government of the Northern Region (Severnaya Oblast), also called Severnyy Krai, was a White movement, Anti-Bolshevik left-wing, and Allied provisional government and a krai of the Provisional All-Russian Government. History On 28 September 1918, Provisional Government of the Northern Region is established. In October 1918, the Northern Region recognized the supreme authority of the Ufa Directory, along with abolishing all the soviets and restored zemstvos. On 30 April 1919, the Northern Region recognized the supreme authority of the Provisional All-Russian Government. On 19 October 1919, the Northern Region turned into department for civil affairs under chief administrator of Northern Region but use of former name (Provisional Government of the Northern Region) continued. On 19 February 1920, the Northern Region government evacuated Arkhangelsk to Norway. On 21 February 1920, Arkhangelsk and Murmansk is reintegrated into the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. On 13 March 1920, regular Soviet troops reached Murmansk. Administrative divisions On 2 February 1920, the Murmansk Governorate was created by a resolution of the Provisional Government of the Provisional Government of the Northern Region. It included Alexandrovsky and Kemsky Uyezds of Arkhangelsk Governorate and parts of the Olonets Governorate. Chairman of the Provisional Government of the Northern Region (Severnaya Oblast) Acting Chairman of the Provisional Government of the Northern Region (Severnaya Oblast) Chief administrator of Northern Region (Severnyy Krai) Territorial control During its height of control, the Provisional Government of the Northern Region controlled the overwhelming majority of the Arkhangelsk Governorate (using the 1917 governorate borders of the Russian Republic), about half of the Olonets Governorate (using the 1917 governorate borders of the Russian Republic), and a tiny part of the Vologda Governorate (using the 1917 governorate borders of the Russian Republic). Maps References Category:1918 establishments in Russia Category:1920 disestablishments in Russia Category:Former administrative units of Russia Category:Provisional governments of the Russian Civil War Category:Russian Civil War Category:States and territories disestablished in 1920 Category:States and territories established in 1918 Category:Anti-communist organizations |
55 Short Stories from the New Yorker 55 Short Stories from the New Yorker is a literary anthology of short fiction first published in The New Yorker magazine from the years 1940 through 1949. Front Cover Although the magazine debuted in February 1925 (so that its 25th anniversary was in 1950), this 1949 book's subtitle reads, "A twenty-fifth anniversary volume of stories that have appeared in the magazine during the last decade." As with the annual anniversary issue of the eponymous magazine, the cover depicts Eustace Tilley with his monocle, in the classic iconograph. The cover subtitles also include "1940 to 1950," but the copyright date of 1949 suggests that material from 1950, and possibly the latter part of 1949, was not included; individual years listed after "copyright" also recite each of the years in the 1940s, but not 1950. Authors One story from each of 55 different authors is included. The authors (and some selected story titles) are Roger Angell S. N. Behrman Ludwig Bemelmans Sally Benson Isabel Bolton Kay Boyle Bessie Breuer Hortense Calisher John Cheever ("The Enormous Radio") Robert M. Coates John Collier Rhys Davies Robert Gorham Davis Daniel Fuchs Wolcott Gibbs Brendan Gill Emily Hahn Nancy Hale Shirley Jackson ("The Lottery") Christopher La Farge Oliver La Farge A. J. Liebling Victoria Lincoln Russell Maloney James A. Maxwell William Maxwell Mary McCarthy Carson McCullers Robert McLaughlin John McNulty Vladimir Nabokov ("Colette") Edward Newhouse Frank O'Connor John O'Hara Mollie Panter-Downes James Reid Parker Elizabeth Parsons Frances Gray Patton Astrid Peters John Powell Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings John Andrews Rice J. D. Salinger ("A Perfect Day for Bananafish") Mark Schorer Irwin Shaw Jean Stafford Peter Taylor James Thurber ("The Catbird Seat") Niccolò Tucci Sylvia Townsend Warner Jerome Weidman Jessamyn West Christine Weston E. B. White Wendell Wilcox Editorial comment In the short Foreword, the editors state that "[s]ome notable stories are missing" for purposes of balance, and also that "parody, nonsense, and casual essays" have been excluded as "outside the scope of this book." There is a conventional table of contents and an index lists each story alphabetically by its author's last name. There is no other content, except the stories themselves. Binding The Third Paperback printing is bound in matte paper, and is 5.25" x 8" in size, approximately the size of a trade paperback in 2006. Category:1949 short story collections Category:Fiction anthologies Category:Works originally published in The New Yorker |
Armash Important Bird Area The Armash Important Bird Area (also known as Armash Fishponds) is an area of wetland near the town of Armash, in Armenia, in the foothills of Mount Ararat, and on the border with Turkey, and near the borders with Iran and Nakhchivan (an exclave of Azerbaijan). It is designated as an "Emerald Site" wildlife refuge since 2016. The 4,639 ha. site includes 1,514 ha. of ponds used for farming carp, fed by artesian wells and an irrigation canal from the Araks River. 234 bird species have been recorded on the site, with 93 of them breeding. It is the only place in Armenia where White-headed Duck, White-tailed Lapwing, and Kentish Plover have been recorded as breeding. Other notable species present include Marbled Teal, Common Pochard, Ferruginous Duck, Northern Lapwing, Black-tailed Godwit, Turtle Dove, and Pallid Harrier, all of which are globally threatened, as well as Savi's Warbler,, Glossy Ibis, Purple Heron, Squacco Heron, White-winged Tern, Blue-cheeked Bee-eater, Hoopoe, Lesser Short-toed Lark, and European Roller. It is one of eighteen Important Bird Areas in Armenia. References External links 'Dominic's Field Pics' blog post describing a day at the reserve, with pictures. 'Nomad Birder' blog post describing a day at the reserve, with pictures. Category:Nature reserves Category:Important Bird Areas of Armenia |
British Peruvians British Peruvians are Peruvians of British descent. The phrase may refer to someone born in Peru of British descent. Among European Peruvians, the British were the fifth largest group of immigrants to settle in the country after the Spanish, Germans, Italians, the Swiss or/and the French. History Between 1860 and 1950 it is estimated that around 1900 British settled in Peru, although many of them returned to Europe or emigrated to countries like Argentina or Chile. The regions from which most of the British immigrants originated were Southampton and London, as well as Birmingham and Liverpool. In 1872, the European Immigration Society () was founded in Peru. Its objective was promoting Old World immigration by covering the costs of their journeys and financially supporting them during their first settler years in Peru. They mostly interacted with fellow British immigrants, and were usually relatively skilled at a trade. Many of them intermarried and at the beginning they were united, but as time passed many of them broke the circle. The British corporations owned many salitre mines in the Tacna region during World War I when the territory was then Chilean ruled. Many British Peruvians left the nation in 1960s and 1970s to flee from excessive poverty. Others fled in response to the left-wing dictatorship of Gen. Juan Velasco Alvarado and most of these moved to United States, United Kingdom and Spain, while most of the rest to Canada, Australia and New Zealand. The second wave of British Peruvians left during the first Alan García regime that led Peru to extreme poverty, hyperinflation and terrorism. Cultural legacy Inca Kola was invented by an English immigrant. In 1911, in Rímac, one of Lima's oldest and most traditional neighborhoods, an immigrant English family began a small bottling company under their family name, Lindley. In 1928, the company was formally chartered in Peru as Corporación José R. Lindley S.A., whereupon Joseph R. Lindley became its first General Manager. Notable people Guillermo Billinghurst, 31st President of Peru Nicolás Lindley López, 56th President of Peru Alberto Elmore Fernández de Córdoba, former Prime Minister of Peru Guillermo Larco Cox, former Prime Minister of Peru Jaime Thorne León, former Minister of Defense of Peru Ricardo Letts Colmenares, Peruvian politician Juan Guillermo More, Peruvian navy officer Isaac Lindley, Peruvian businessman Manuel Delgado Parker, Peruvian entrepreneur Carlos Fitzcarrald, Peruvian rubber baron Juan Luis Cipriani Thorne, Cardinal Priest and Archbishop of Lima Juan Landázuri Ricketts, former Archbishop of Lima Rafael Larco Hoyle, Peruvian archaeologist Luis Miró Quesada Garland, Peruvian architect and professor Alfredo Bryce, Peruvian writer Jaime Bayly, Peruvian writer, journalist and television personality Doris Gibson, Peruvian magazine writer and publisher Jason Day (actor), Peruvian actor Diego Bertie, Peruvian actor Mónica Santa María, Peruvian model and TV hostess Ramón Mifflin, former Peruvian football player Diego Penny, Peruvian footballer George Forsyth, Peruvian footballer Pablo Gutiérrez Weselby – Peruvian politician and former mayor of Chorrillos. British Peruvian institutions and associations Cámara de Comercio Peruano-Británica Newton College Markham College San Silvestre School Colegio Peruano-Británico Hiram Bingham School Asociación Cultural Peruano-Británica Teatro Británico de Lima Asociación de descendientes Británicos en Perú Asociación Escocia-Perú Asociación Británico-Peruano Anglo-Peruvian Society Colegio San Andrés Phoenix Club References Category:Ethnic groups in Peru Category:British diaspora by country Category:European Peruvian |
The Pirate (1948 film) The Pirate is a 1948 American musical film produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. With songs by Cole Porter, it stars Judy Garland and Gene Kelly with costars Walter Slezak, Gladys Cooper, Reginald Owen, and George Zucco. Plot Manuela Alva (Judy Garland), who lives in the small Caribbean village of Calvados, dreams of being swept away by the legendary Pirate, Mack "the Black" Macoco. However, her aunt and uncle (who have raised her) insist that she marry the town mayor, the rotund and bullying Don Pedro (Walter Slezak). Shortly before her wedding, Manuela visits a nearby town, Port Sebastian. A traveling circus has arrived, and Serafin (Gene Kelly), its handsome leader, flirts with all the girls in the song "Niña". When he encounters Manuela, however, he falls in love with her at first sight. He compliments her beauty and begs her not to marry Don Pedro, but, angered, she hurries away. That night, however, she can't sleep, and sneaks out to go see Serafin's show. At the show, Serafin hypnotizes Manuela, thinking that she will admit that she loves him. Instead, she wildly sings and dances about her love for "Mack the Black." Serafin awakens her with a kiss, and she flees in horror. On Manuela's wedding day, the traveling players arrive in Calvados. Serafin begs her to join his troupe, and asks her to admit that she loves him. Don Pedro, hearing noise in her room, arrives at her door, and asks her to go away so that he can teach Serafin a lesson. Serafin recognizes Don Pedro as Macoco, retired and obese. He blackmails Macoco with this information, swearing to tell it to Manuela if Don Pedro forbids the performers from putting on a show. Serafin then decides to pretend to be Macoco in order to win over Manuela. He reveals himself before the whole town as Macoco, then asks Manuela if she will come with him; she again refuses. Still, watching from her window as he dances, she begins to daydream about him. The next day, he threatens to burn down the town if he can't have her. Finally, she happily agrees to go with him. One of Serafin's troupe accidentally reveals his plan to Manuela. To get her revenge, she first pretends to seduce him, then attacks him with words and hurtling objects. She accidentally knocks him out, then realizes that she loves him, and sings "You Can Do No Wrong." Meanwhile, Don Pedro convinces the viceroy that Serafin is the real Macoco and should hang for it. He plants treasure in Serafin's prop trunk to make him look like a pirate. The army arrests him, and Manuela's protests can't free him. On the night of his hanging, Manuela finally gets to look at the false evidence, and recognizes a bracelet with the same design as the wedding ring that Don Pedro gave her, and realizes that he is the pirate. Serafin asks to do one last show before he is hanged, and sings and dances "Be a Clown" with two fellow troupe members (the Nicholas Brothers). As a finale, he plans to hypnotize Don Pedro into admitting he is Macoco, but Manuela's aunt uses her parasol to break the mirror that Serafin uses to hypnotize people. Panicked, Manuela pretends to be hypnotized and sings "Love of My Life," vowing everlasting devotion to Macoco. Don Pedro, jealous, reveals himself as the true Macoco and seizes her. Serafin's troupe attacks him with all the items and juggling balls, and the lovers embrace. Manuela joins Serafin's act and the film ends with them singing a reprise of |
"Be a Clown." Cast Judy Garland as Manuela Gene Kelly as Serafin Walter Slezak as Don Pedro Vargas, a.k.a. Mack "the Black" Macoco Gladys Cooper as Aunt Inez Reginald Owen as The Advocate George Zucco as The Viceroy Specialty dance sequence by The Nicholas Brothers Lester Allen as Uncle Capucho Lola Albright as Isabella Ellen Ross as Mercedes Mary Jo Ellis as Lizarda Jean Dean as Casilda Marion Murray as Eloise Ben Lessy as Gumbo Jerry Bergen as Bolo Production Vincente Minnelli directed, from a screenplay by Frances Goodrich from the 1942 play by S. N. Behrman, which had starred Alfred Lunt and Lynn Fontanne. The script underwent several rewrites. Originally, there was intended to be a character for Lena Horne, who would have played Manuela's dressmaker and sang "Love of My Life", but her character was eventually dropped. The background score was by Lennie Hayton. The songs were by Cole Porter. The dance sequence was omitted when shown in some cities in the South, such as Memphis, because it featured The Nicholas Brothers dancing with Kelly. (It was the first time they had danced onscreen with a white performer, and while it was Kelly's insistence that they perform with him, they were the ones who were punished. Essentially blackballed, they moved to Europe and did not return until the mid-60s.) Several songs were cut, changing the lineup of the score. "Mack the Black" was intended to be the opening number. For the hypnosis scene, Garland and Kelly would have done a different dance to a song titled "Voodoo". The sequence was filmed, but MGM executives felt its choreography was too openly sexual for audiences to accept. When MGM head Louis B. Mayer saw it he was so outraged he ordered the negatives to be burned. No known footage of it is known to exist today. "Mack the Black" was used for the scene instead. The score was nominated for an Academy Award for Original Music Score, losing out to another MGM musical, Easter Parade, also starring Garland and produced by Arthur Freed. The production of the film was frequently tense: Garland's qualms about the production and her struggles with ongoing prescription drug addiction led to several angry confrontations with husband/director Minnelli, presaging their divorce a few years later. The production lasted for over four months, with Garland off set for 99 of the 135 shooting days. The film was shot in Technicolor. Reception Audiences failed to respond to the film's high-brow ambitions, and while many critics hailed its sophistication, box office results failed to follow suit, although the British author David Shipman, in his book The Great Movie Stars: The Golden Years, described it as being overall "a neat moneymaker, but otherwise probably the least successful of Garland's MGM films." According to MGM accounts, the film earned $1,874,000 in the US and Canada and $782,000 elsewhere, resulting in a loss to the studio of $2,290,000. Soundtrack for extended CD version "Main Title (Mack the Black)" "Niña" "Mack the Black" "Love of My Life" (Outtake) "Pirate Ballet" "You Can Do No Wrong" "Be a Clown" "Love of My Life" (Reprise) "Be a Clown" (Finale) "Mack the Black" (Unused Version) "Papayas / Seraphin's March" (Partial Demo) "Voodoo (Outtake)" "Manuela (Demo)" "Voodoo (Demo)" "Niña (Demo)" "You Can Do No Wrong" (Demo) "Be a Clown" (Demo) Judy Garland Interview with Dick Simmons Gene Kelly Interview with Dick Simmons References External links The Judy Garland Online Discography "The Pirate" pages. The Cinematic Voyage of The Pirate: Kelly, Garland, and Minnelli at Work (A book with the complete background, production history, and legacy of this |
classic movie.) Category:American films Category:Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films Category:Pirate films Category:1948 films Category:Films directed by Vincente Minnelli Category:American films based on plays Category:Films featuring hypnosis Category:1940s musical films Category:Films produced by Arthur Freed Category:Films scored by Cole Porter Category:Films scored by Lennie Hayton |
Tim Watson (defensive tackle) Tim Watson (born December 23, 1974) is a former American football Defensive tackle in the National Football League for the Seattle Seahawks. He played college football at Maryland for two seasons until he was dismissed from the team for academic reasons. Watson would later play football at Rowan University and was drafted in the sixth round of the 2000 NFL Draft. During training camp in his rookie season Watson suffered a lacerated knee as the result of slipping on a practice sled. The practice sled had an exposed hook which managed to rip off two inches of cartilage from Watson's left knee. He was then placed on injured reserves for the entire 2000 season and waived prior to the start of the 2001 season. Watson sued the Seahawks organization claiming the team deliberately injured him. In March 2005 a state court of appeals denied a motion for a trial citing a lack of evidence. In 2017 Watson said he held no ill resentment for the Seahawks organization and was appreciative of the opportunity they gave him. References Category:1974 births Category:Living people Category:American football defensive tackles Category:Mainland Regional High School (New Jersey) alumni Category:People from Linwood, New Jersey Category:Players of American football from New Jersey Category:Sportspeople from Atlantic County, New Jersey Category:Seattle Seahawks players |
Mission of the Holy Spirit (Mission de l'Esprit Saint) The Mission de l'Esprit Saint (English: Mission of the Holy Spirit) is a religious movement founded in 1913 and located mainly in Quebec. Its ideology is based on the teachings of Eugène Richer dit La Flèche (Saint-Georges-de-Windsor, Quebec, April 17, 1871 - Los Angeles, January 10, 1925) or Eugene "The Arrow" Richer, who, according to his followers, was the embodiment of the third person of the Trinity, the Holy Spirit. Beliefs Richer taught and his followers believe that he was the embodiment of the Holy Spirit, completing the Holy Trinity. He believed in approaching Christianity as generational, which he believed would lead to better generations of people to attain the Kingdom of God. They believe in betterment of the human soul by improving themselves throughout their life and in raising children who are better than themselves by following the example set forth by Jesus Christ. Members of the Mission believe that Richer brought a man back to life on the Place d'Armes (Montreal) and that he predicted the execution of the family of Tsar Nicholas II. They also believe in reincarnation and that the souls of the faithful slip themselves into the embryos of good mothers. Unbelievers are condemned to reincarnation as vermin. The Mission also teaches that the earth is pear-shaped. Membership According to Statistics Canada, 515 people declared themselves members in the 2011 National Household Survey. The Mission is divided geographically into six independent branches. Education The sect keeps its children out of the public schools and has made various attempts at educating the children itself. This has led to on-going conflict with the provincial government. In 2004 the Institut Laflèche, an illegal school founded by the sect, was ordered closed by the Ministry of Education. Teaching was carried out by volunteer parents and ignored the provincial curriculum. The decision to close the school was confirmed by the Superior Court of Quebec in 2007. Refusing to send their children to the public schools, the members of the Mission decided to home school them, under the supervision of the Samares school board. In 2006 test results showed low pass rates in mathematics (59% in primary school, 27% in secondary school) and in reading (61% in primary school, 48% in secondary school). In 2016, the Ministry of Education allowed the opening of a private school, the Accord school, in Saint-Paul. The school was to conform to the provincial curriculum and have qualified teachers. The pupils would have to pray twice a day and recite a booklet containing the principal beliefs of the sect twice a week. In 2019, the Ministry of Education withdrew the school's permit on the grounds of failure to follow the law on private schools. Notably, the school had reported an enrollment of 15 pupils for the academic year 2018-2019 whereas it actually had more than sixty. It also lacked qualified teachers and adequate financial resources. Legal action has been required to force the school to release the names of the children enrolled. Scandal Accusations of sexual assault, medical mistreatment, and deprivation of education of many sect members have frequently been reported in the press. These crimes have primarily been inflicted on women and children and have been the subject of several television documentaries.. References Category:Religion in Quebec Category:Christian new religious movements |
Evelyn Stocking Crosslin Doctor Evelyn Stocking Crosslin (1919–1991) was an American physician. She was named to the Florida Women's Hall of Fame in 1995. Life She was born Evelyn Stocking in Daytona Beach and was educated at Bethune-Cookman College. Because African-Americans were not admitted to Florida medical schools at the time, she earned her MD from Meharry Medical College in Tennessee. She was the first African-American woman to practice medicine in Volusia County. She married Doctor Neill Crosslin. Crosslin practised 47 years at the Halifax Medical Center in Daytona Beach. She also operated her own practice and worked at the Daytona Beach Public Health Unit's Well Baby Clinic for 30 years. Crosslin and her husband have been credited with providing quality medical services to people who couldn't afford private medical care. The Halifax Crosslin Health Center was opened in 1994 to honor their contributions; fees at the center are set based on income. References Category:1919 births Category:1991 deaths Category:Physicians from Florida Category:African-American physicians Category:American women physicians Category:20th-century women scientists |
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