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345,100 | 16,642,994 | 1,747 | A holographic imaging device and method realizes both a transmission type and a reflection type, and also realizes a long working distance wide field of view or ultra-high resolution. Object light emitted from an object, sequentially illuminated with parallel illumination light whose incident direction is changed, is recorded on a plurality of object light holograms for each incident direction using off-axis spherical wave reference light. The reference light is recorded on a reference light hologram using in-line spherical wave reference light being in-line with the object light. An object light wave hologram and its spatial frequency spectrum at the object position are generated for each incident direction using each hologram. A synthetic spectrum which occupies a wider frequency space is generated by matching each spectrum in the overlapping area, and a synthetic object light wave hologram with increased numerical aperture is obtained thereby. | 1. A holographic imaging device, comprising:
a data acquisition unit for acquiring a hologram of an object light (O) emitted from an object illuminated with an illumination light (Q); and an image reconstruction unit for reconstructing an image of the object from the hologram acquired by the data acquiring unit, wherein the data acquisition unit comprises: an optical system for generating the illumination light (Q), an in-line spherical wave reference light (L) being in-line with the object light (O), and an off-axis spherical wave reference light (R) being off-axis with the object light (O), from a coherent light emitted from a light source, and for propagating those lights and the object light (O), and further for changing an incident direction of the illumination light (Q) to the object; a photo-detector for converting light intensity into an electric signal and outputting the electric signal; and a storing unit for acquiring and storing data of object light holograms (Ij OR, j=1, . . . , N), which are off-axis holograms of interference fringes between the off-axis spherical wave reference light (R) and the object lights (Oj, j=1, . . . , N) emitted from the object illuminated, respectively, with the illumination lights (Qj, j=1, . . . , N) generated by the optical system as parallel lights having mutually different incident directions (θJ, j=1, . . . , N) to the object, and data of a reference light hologram (ILR), which is an off-axis hologram of interference fringes between the off-axis spherical wave reference light (R) and the in-line spherical wave reference light (L), using the photo-detector, wherein the image reconstruction unit comprises: a light wave generation unit for generating object light wave holograms (hj(x, y), j=1, . . . , N) at a position (z=zm) of the object, which represent light waves of the object lights (Oj, j=1, . . . , N) for the respective incident directions (θj, j=1, . . . , N), by using the data of the reference light hologram (ILR) and the object light holograms (Ij OR, j=1, . . . , N); a spectrum generation unit for generating object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u, v), j=1, . . . , N) by Fourier-transforming each of the object light wave holograms (hj(x, y), j=1, . . . , N), respectively; and a spectrum synthesis unit for generating a synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HT(u, v)) enlarged so as to occupy a wider frequency space, by moving and arranging each of the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u, v), j=1, . . . , N) in a two-dimensional space of a spatial frequency space (u, v) based on calculation of a cross correlation function so that each of those spectra overlaps with another over an area in which changes of amplitude and phase are common to the mutually overlapped spectra, and by making the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u, v), j=1, . . . , N) match mutually in the overlap area using fitting coefficients (aαβ, α≠β, α, β=1, . . . , N) obtained for adjusting mutual amplitude and phase of the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u, v), j=1, . . . , N) having the overlap area mutually, wherein a synthetic object light wave hologram (hT(x, y)) to be used for reconstruction of the image of the object is generated by inverse-Fourier transforming the synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HT(u, v)) generated by the spectrum synthesis unit. 2. The holographic imaging device according to claim 1, wherein
the optical system is configured so that a numerical aperture (NAO) of the photo-detector with respect to the object lights (Oj, j=1, . . . , N) is a value close to zero, and a synthetic numerical aperture determined by the synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HT(u, v)) approaches 1 by generating the synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HT(u, v)) using data of a large number of the object light holograms (Ij OR, j=1, . . . , N). 3. The holographic imaging device according to claim 1, wherein
the optical system is configured so that the numerical aperture (NAO) of the photo-detector with respect to the object light (Oj, j=1, . . . , N) is a value close to 1, and a synthetic numerical aperture determined by the synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HT(u, v)) exceeds 1. 4. The holographic imaging device according to claim 3, wherein
when the holographic imaging device is used as a reflection type microscope, a micro spherical ball is provided at a position between the photo-detector and the object and close to a surface of the object illuminated with the illumination light (Q), wherein a reflected light from a spherical surface of the micro spherical ball is used as the off-axis spherical wave reference light (R). 5. The holographic imaging device according to claim 3, wherein
when the holographic imaging device is used as a transmission type microscope, a condenser lens is arranged in front of the object which is disposed in front of the photo-detector, so as to have a focal point at a position on a surface of the object illuminated with the illumination light (Q), wherein the in-line spherical wave reference light (L) is generated through the condenser lens in the absence of the object, and the off-axis spherical wave reference light (R) is generated by making a parallel light that has a tilted optical axis enter the condenser lens, so as to be converged at a position close to the surface of the object illuminated with the illumination light (Q). 6. The holographic imaging device according to claim 2, wherein
the optical system comprises an angle change unit for changing the incident direction of the illumination light (Q) to the object, and the angle change unit comprises: a rotating plate having a circular center opening with a shutter and an eccentric opening provided at an eccentric position, for receiving a cone shape light diverging around an optical central axis going to the center of the photo-detector and for distributing a part of the diverging cone shape light as the illumination light (Q) by intermittently rotating around the central axis; a lens assembly having a plurality of lenses arranged around the central axis, for making each of the lights distributed by the rotating plate into a parallel light; and a deflection element assembly having a plurality of prisms or diffraction gratings, for changing the direction of the parallel lights so that each of the parallel lights from the lens assembly passes through one point on the central axis. 7. The holographic imaging device according to claim 3, wherein
the optical system comprises an angle change unit for changing the incident direction of the illumination light (Q) to the object, and the angle change unit comprises: a rotating plate having a circular center opening with a shutter and an eccentric opening provided at an eccentric position for receiving a cone shape light diverging around an optical central axis going to the center of the photo-detector and for distributing a part of the diverging cone shape light as the illumination light (Q) by intermittently rotating around the central axis; a lens assembly having a plurality of lenses arranged around the central axis, for making each of the lights distributed by the rotating plate into a parallel light; and a reflecting mirror assembly having a plurality of reflecting mirrors, for changing the direction of the parallel lights so that each of the parallel lights from the lens assembly passes through one point on the central axis. 8. A data processing method used for a holographic imaging device, comprising the steps of:
acquiring data of a plurality of object light holograms (Ij OR, j=1, . . . , N), which are off-axis holograms of interference fringes between object lights (Oj, j=1, . . . , N) emitted from an object sequentially illuminated with illumination lights (Qj, j=1, . . . , N) and an off-axis spherical wave reference light (R) being off-axis with respect to the object lights (Oj, j=1, . . . , N), wherein the illumination lights (Qj, j=1, . . . , N) are composed of parallel lights with mutually different incident directions (θj, j=1, . . . , N) to the object and the data is acquired for each of the incident directions; acquiring data of a reference light hologram (ILR), which is an off-axis hologram of interference fringes between an in-line spherical wave reference light (L) being in-line with the object lights (Oj, j=1, . . . , N) and the off-axis spherical wave reference light (R); generating object light wave holograms (hj(x, y), j=1, . . . , N), which represent light waves of the object lights (Oj, j=1, . . . , N) at a position (z=zm) of the object, by using the data of the reference light hologram (ILR) and the object light holograms (Ij OR, j=1, . . . , N); generating object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u, v), j=1, . . . , N) by Fourier-transforming each of the object light wave holograms (hj(x, y), j=1, . . . , N), respectively; generating a synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HT(u, v)) enlarged so as to occupy a wider frequency space, by moving and arranging each of the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u, v), j=1, . . . , N) in a two-dimensional space of a spatial frequency space (u, v) based on calculation of a cross correlation function so that each of those spectra overlaps with another over an area in which changes of amplitude and phase are common to the mutually overlapped spectra, and by making the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u, v), j=1, . . . , N) match mutually in the overlap area using fitting coefficients (aαβ, α≠β, α, β=1, . . . , N) obtained for adjusting mutual amplitude and phase of the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u, v), j=1, . . . , N) having the overlap area mutually; and generating a synthetic object light wave hologram (hT(x, y)) used for reconstruction of the image of the object, by inverse-Fourier transforming the synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HT(u, v)). 9. The data processing method according to claim 8, wherein
the fitting coefficients (aαβ, α≠β, α, β=1, . . . , N) are obtained as an average value of ratios of the mutual spectrum values at each point (u, v) contained in the overlap area of pair spectra (Hα, Hβ, α≠β) made of two of the spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u, v), j=1, . . . , N) mutually having the overlap area in common, and one of the pair spectrum (Hα, Hβ) is matched to the other by adjusting the amplitude value and the phase value thereof at each point. 10. The data processing method according to claim 8, further comprising the steps of:
generating an illumination light wave hologram (d(x, y)) representing a light wave of a specific illumination light (Qk) at the position (z=zm) of the object using a specific object light hologram (Ik OR) and the reference light hologram (ILR), wherein the specific object light hologram (Ik OR) is one of the object light holograms (Ij OR, j=1, . . . , N) and contains information on the specific illumination light (Qk) being any one of the illumination lights (Qj, j=1, . . . , N); deriving an illumination light wave phase component (ξ(x,y)=d(x,y)/|d(x,y)|) of the specific illumination light (Qk) using the illumination light wave hologram (d(x, y); and generating a phase-adjusted synthetic object light wave hologram (hT(x,y)/ξ(x,y)) by dividing the synthetic object light wave hologram (hT(x, y)) by the illumination light wave phase component (ξ(x,y)). 11. The data processing method according to claim 8, further comprising the steps of:
acquiring data of a head-on illuminated object light hologram (If OR) which is an off-axis hologram of interference fringes between an object light (Of) emitted from the object illuminated by a head-on illumination with a head-on illumination light (Qf) of a nonparallel light, the head-on illumination light (Qf), and the off-axis spherical wave reference light (R); generating a head-on illuminated object light wave hologram (hf(x, y)) representing a light wave of the object light (Of) caused by the head-on illumination, and an illumination light wave hologram (d(x, y) representing a light wave of the head-on illumination light (Qf), at the position (z=zm) of the object, by using the reference light hologram (ILR) and the head-on illuminated object light hologram (If OR); deriving an illumination light wave phase component (ξ(x,y)=d(x,y)/|d(x,y)|) about the head-on illumination light (Qf) using the illumination light wave hologram (d(x, y); generating a phase-adjusted head-on illuminated object light wave hologram (hf(x, y)/(ξ(x,y)) by dividing the head-on illuminated object light wave hologram (hf(x, y)) by the illumination light wave phase component (ξ(x,y)); generating an object light spatial frequency spectrum (Hf(u, v)) of the object light (Of) caused by the head-on illumination, by Fourier-transforming the phase-adjusted head-on illuminated object light wave hologram (hf(x, y)/(ξ(x,y)); and generating the synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HT(u, v)) by sequentially arranging the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u, v), j=1, . . . , N) with reference to the object light spatial frequency spectrum (Hf(u, v)) based on calculation of a cross correlation function. 12. The data processing method according to claim 8, further comprising the steps of:
generating a synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HTa(u, v)) at an arbitrary position (z=za), by making the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) at the position (z=zm) of the object into object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj a(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) at an arbitrary position (z=za), and then performing the same processing performed at the position (z=zm) of the object, in which each of the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) is moved and matched using the fitting coefficients (aαβ); and generating a synthetic object light wave hologram (hTa(X, y)=F−1(HTa(u, v)) at the arbitrary position (z=za) by inverse-Fourier transforming the synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HTa(u, v)) at the arbitrary position (z=za). 13. The data processing method according to claim 8, wherein
the data of the object light holograms (Ij OR, j=1, . . . , N) is acquired by placing a marking pattern behind the object being translucent or in front of the object, and the calculation of the cross correlation function is performed based on a spatial frequency spectrum corresponding to the marking pattern. 14. The holographic imaging device according to claim 4, wherein
the optical system comprises an angle change unit for changing the incident direction of the illumination light (Q) to the object, and the angle change unit comprises: a rotating plate having a circular center opening with a shutter and an eccentric opening provided at an eccentric position for receiving a cone shape light diverging around an optical central axis going to the center of the photo-detector and for distributing a part of the diverging cone shape light as the illumination light (Q) by intermittently rotating around the central axis; a lens assembly having a plurality of lenses arranged around the central axis, for making each of the lights distributed by the rotating plate into a parallel light; and a reflecting mirror assembly having a plurality of reflecting mirrors, for changing the direction of the parallel lights so that each of the parallel lights from the lens assembly passes through one point on the central axis. 15. The holographic imaging device according to claim 5, wherein
the optical system comprises an angle change unit for changing the incident direction of the illumination light (Q) to the object, and the angle change unit comprises: a rotating plate having a circular center opening with a shutter and an eccentric opening provided at an eccentric position for receiving a cone shape light diverging around an optical central axis going to the center of the photo-detector and for distributing a part of the diverging cone shape light as the illumination light (Q) by intermittently rotating around the central axis; a lens assembly having a plurality of lenses arranged around the central axis, for making each of the lights distributed by the rotating plate into a parallel light; and a reflecting mirror assembly having a plurality of reflecting mirrors, for changing the direction of the parallel lights so that each of the parallel lights from the lens assembly passes through one point on the central axis. 16. The data processing method according to claim 9, further comprising the steps of:
generating an illumination light wave hologram (d(x, y)) representing a light wave of a specific illumination light (Qk) at the position (z=zm) of the object using a specific object light hologram (Ik OR) and the reference light hologram (ILR), wherein the specific object light hologram (Ik OR) is one of the object light holograms (Ij OR, j=1, . . . , N) and contains information on the specific illumination light (Qk) being any one of the illumination lights (Qj, j=1, . . . , N); deriving an illumination light wave phase component (ξ(x,y)=d(x,y)/|d(x,y)|) of the specific illumination light (Qk) using the illumination light wave hologram (d(x, y); and generating a phase-adjusted synthetic object light wave hologram (hT(x,y)/ξ(x,y)) by dividing the synthetic object light wave hologram (hT(x, y)) by the illumination light wave phase component (ξ(x,y)). 17. The data processing method according to claim 9, further comprising the steps of:
acquiring data of a head-on illuminated object light hologram (If OR) which is an off-axis hologram of interference fringes between an object light (Of) emitted from the object illuminated by a head-on illumination with a head-on illumination light (Qf) of a nonparallel light, the head-on illumination light (Qf), and the off-axis spherical wave reference light (R); generating a head-on illuminated object light wave hologram (hf(x, y)) representing a light wave of the object light (Of) caused by the head-on illumination, and an illumination light wave hologram (d(x, y) representing a light wave of the head-on illumination light (Qf), at the position (z=zm) of the object, by using the reference light hologram (ILR) and the head-on illuminated object light hologram (If OR); deriving an illumination light wave phase component (ξ(x,y)=d(x,y)/|d(x,y)|) about the head-on illumination light (Qf) using the illumination light wave hologram (d(x, y); generating a phase-adjusted head-on illuminated object light wave hologram (hf(x, y)/(ξ(x,y)) by dividing the head-on illuminated object light wave hologram (hf(x, y)) by the illumination light wave phase component (ξ(x,y)); generating an object light spatial frequency spectrum (Hf(u, v)) of the object light (Of) caused by the head-on illumination, by Fourier-transforming the phase-adjusted head-on illuminated object light wave hologram (hf(x, y)/(ξ(x,y)); and generating the synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HT(u, v)) by sequentially arranging the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u, v), j=1, . . . , N) with reference to the object light spatial frequency spectrum (Hf(u, v)) based on calculation of a cross correlation function. 18. The data processing method according to claim 9, further comprising the steps of:
generating a synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HTa(u, v)) at an arbitrary position (z=za), by making the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) at the position (z=zm) of the object into object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj a(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) at an arbitrary position (z=za), and then performing the same processing performed at the position (z=zm) of the object, in which each of the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) is moved and matched using the fitting coefficients (aαβ); and generating a synthetic object light wave hologram (hTa(X, y)=F−1(HTa(u, v)) at the arbitrary position (z=za) by inverse-Fourier transforming the synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HTa(u, v)) at the arbitrary position (z=za). 19. The data processing method according to claim 10, further comprising the steps of:
generating a synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HTa(u, v)) at an arbitrary position (z=za), by making the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) at the position (z=zm) of the object into object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj a(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) at an arbitrary position (z=za), and then performing the same processing performed at the position (z=zm) of the object, in which each of the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) is moved and matched using the fitting coefficients (aαβ); and generating a synthetic object light wave hologram (hTa(X, y)=F−1(HTa(u, v)) at the arbitrary position (z=za) by inverse-Fourier transforming the synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HTa(u, v)) at the arbitrary position (z=za). 20. The data processing method according to claim 16, further comprising the steps of:
generating a synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HTa(u, v)) at an arbitrary position (z=za), by making the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) at the position (z=zm) of the object into object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj a(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) at an arbitrary position (z=za), and then performing the same processing performed at the position (z=zm) of the object, in which each of the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) is moved and matched using the fitting coefficients (aαβ); and generating a synthetic object light wave hologram (hTa(X, y)=F−1(HTa(u, v)) at the arbitrary position (z=za) by inverse-Fourier transforming the synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HTa(u, v)) at the arbitrary position (z=za). | A holographic imaging device and method realizes both a transmission type and a reflection type, and also realizes a long working distance wide field of view or ultra-high resolution. Object light emitted from an object, sequentially illuminated with parallel illumination light whose incident direction is changed, is recorded on a plurality of object light holograms for each incident direction using off-axis spherical wave reference light. The reference light is recorded on a reference light hologram using in-line spherical wave reference light being in-line with the object light. An object light wave hologram and its spatial frequency spectrum at the object position are generated for each incident direction using each hologram. A synthetic spectrum which occupies a wider frequency space is generated by matching each spectrum in the overlapping area, and a synthetic object light wave hologram with increased numerical aperture is obtained thereby.1. A holographic imaging device, comprising:
a data acquisition unit for acquiring a hologram of an object light (O) emitted from an object illuminated with an illumination light (Q); and an image reconstruction unit for reconstructing an image of the object from the hologram acquired by the data acquiring unit, wherein the data acquisition unit comprises: an optical system for generating the illumination light (Q), an in-line spherical wave reference light (L) being in-line with the object light (O), and an off-axis spherical wave reference light (R) being off-axis with the object light (O), from a coherent light emitted from a light source, and for propagating those lights and the object light (O), and further for changing an incident direction of the illumination light (Q) to the object; a photo-detector for converting light intensity into an electric signal and outputting the electric signal; and a storing unit for acquiring and storing data of object light holograms (Ij OR, j=1, . . . , N), which are off-axis holograms of interference fringes between the off-axis spherical wave reference light (R) and the object lights (Oj, j=1, . . . , N) emitted from the object illuminated, respectively, with the illumination lights (Qj, j=1, . . . , N) generated by the optical system as parallel lights having mutually different incident directions (θJ, j=1, . . . , N) to the object, and data of a reference light hologram (ILR), which is an off-axis hologram of interference fringes between the off-axis spherical wave reference light (R) and the in-line spherical wave reference light (L), using the photo-detector, wherein the image reconstruction unit comprises: a light wave generation unit for generating object light wave holograms (hj(x, y), j=1, . . . , N) at a position (z=zm) of the object, which represent light waves of the object lights (Oj, j=1, . . . , N) for the respective incident directions (θj, j=1, . . . , N), by using the data of the reference light hologram (ILR) and the object light holograms (Ij OR, j=1, . . . , N); a spectrum generation unit for generating object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u, v), j=1, . . . , N) by Fourier-transforming each of the object light wave holograms (hj(x, y), j=1, . . . , N), respectively; and a spectrum synthesis unit for generating a synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HT(u, v)) enlarged so as to occupy a wider frequency space, by moving and arranging each of the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u, v), j=1, . . . , N) in a two-dimensional space of a spatial frequency space (u, v) based on calculation of a cross correlation function so that each of those spectra overlaps with another over an area in which changes of amplitude and phase are common to the mutually overlapped spectra, and by making the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u, v), j=1, . . . , N) match mutually in the overlap area using fitting coefficients (aαβ, α≠β, α, β=1, . . . , N) obtained for adjusting mutual amplitude and phase of the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u, v), j=1, . . . , N) having the overlap area mutually, wherein a synthetic object light wave hologram (hT(x, y)) to be used for reconstruction of the image of the object is generated by inverse-Fourier transforming the synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HT(u, v)) generated by the spectrum synthesis unit. 2. The holographic imaging device according to claim 1, wherein
the optical system is configured so that a numerical aperture (NAO) of the photo-detector with respect to the object lights (Oj, j=1, . . . , N) is a value close to zero, and a synthetic numerical aperture determined by the synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HT(u, v)) approaches 1 by generating the synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HT(u, v)) using data of a large number of the object light holograms (Ij OR, j=1, . . . , N). 3. The holographic imaging device according to claim 1, wherein
the optical system is configured so that the numerical aperture (NAO) of the photo-detector with respect to the object light (Oj, j=1, . . . , N) is a value close to 1, and a synthetic numerical aperture determined by the synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HT(u, v)) exceeds 1. 4. The holographic imaging device according to claim 3, wherein
when the holographic imaging device is used as a reflection type microscope, a micro spherical ball is provided at a position between the photo-detector and the object and close to a surface of the object illuminated with the illumination light (Q), wherein a reflected light from a spherical surface of the micro spherical ball is used as the off-axis spherical wave reference light (R). 5. The holographic imaging device according to claim 3, wherein
when the holographic imaging device is used as a transmission type microscope, a condenser lens is arranged in front of the object which is disposed in front of the photo-detector, so as to have a focal point at a position on a surface of the object illuminated with the illumination light (Q), wherein the in-line spherical wave reference light (L) is generated through the condenser lens in the absence of the object, and the off-axis spherical wave reference light (R) is generated by making a parallel light that has a tilted optical axis enter the condenser lens, so as to be converged at a position close to the surface of the object illuminated with the illumination light (Q). 6. The holographic imaging device according to claim 2, wherein
the optical system comprises an angle change unit for changing the incident direction of the illumination light (Q) to the object, and the angle change unit comprises: a rotating plate having a circular center opening with a shutter and an eccentric opening provided at an eccentric position, for receiving a cone shape light diverging around an optical central axis going to the center of the photo-detector and for distributing a part of the diverging cone shape light as the illumination light (Q) by intermittently rotating around the central axis; a lens assembly having a plurality of lenses arranged around the central axis, for making each of the lights distributed by the rotating plate into a parallel light; and a deflection element assembly having a plurality of prisms or diffraction gratings, for changing the direction of the parallel lights so that each of the parallel lights from the lens assembly passes through one point on the central axis. 7. The holographic imaging device according to claim 3, wherein
the optical system comprises an angle change unit for changing the incident direction of the illumination light (Q) to the object, and the angle change unit comprises: a rotating plate having a circular center opening with a shutter and an eccentric opening provided at an eccentric position for receiving a cone shape light diverging around an optical central axis going to the center of the photo-detector and for distributing a part of the diverging cone shape light as the illumination light (Q) by intermittently rotating around the central axis; a lens assembly having a plurality of lenses arranged around the central axis, for making each of the lights distributed by the rotating plate into a parallel light; and a reflecting mirror assembly having a plurality of reflecting mirrors, for changing the direction of the parallel lights so that each of the parallel lights from the lens assembly passes through one point on the central axis. 8. A data processing method used for a holographic imaging device, comprising the steps of:
acquiring data of a plurality of object light holograms (Ij OR, j=1, . . . , N), which are off-axis holograms of interference fringes between object lights (Oj, j=1, . . . , N) emitted from an object sequentially illuminated with illumination lights (Qj, j=1, . . . , N) and an off-axis spherical wave reference light (R) being off-axis with respect to the object lights (Oj, j=1, . . . , N), wherein the illumination lights (Qj, j=1, . . . , N) are composed of parallel lights with mutually different incident directions (θj, j=1, . . . , N) to the object and the data is acquired for each of the incident directions; acquiring data of a reference light hologram (ILR), which is an off-axis hologram of interference fringes between an in-line spherical wave reference light (L) being in-line with the object lights (Oj, j=1, . . . , N) and the off-axis spherical wave reference light (R); generating object light wave holograms (hj(x, y), j=1, . . . , N), which represent light waves of the object lights (Oj, j=1, . . . , N) at a position (z=zm) of the object, by using the data of the reference light hologram (ILR) and the object light holograms (Ij OR, j=1, . . . , N); generating object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u, v), j=1, . . . , N) by Fourier-transforming each of the object light wave holograms (hj(x, y), j=1, . . . , N), respectively; generating a synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HT(u, v)) enlarged so as to occupy a wider frequency space, by moving and arranging each of the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u, v), j=1, . . . , N) in a two-dimensional space of a spatial frequency space (u, v) based on calculation of a cross correlation function so that each of those spectra overlaps with another over an area in which changes of amplitude and phase are common to the mutually overlapped spectra, and by making the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u, v), j=1, . . . , N) match mutually in the overlap area using fitting coefficients (aαβ, α≠β, α, β=1, . . . , N) obtained for adjusting mutual amplitude and phase of the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u, v), j=1, . . . , N) having the overlap area mutually; and generating a synthetic object light wave hologram (hT(x, y)) used for reconstruction of the image of the object, by inverse-Fourier transforming the synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HT(u, v)). 9. The data processing method according to claim 8, wherein
the fitting coefficients (aαβ, α≠β, α, β=1, . . . , N) are obtained as an average value of ratios of the mutual spectrum values at each point (u, v) contained in the overlap area of pair spectra (Hα, Hβ, α≠β) made of two of the spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u, v), j=1, . . . , N) mutually having the overlap area in common, and one of the pair spectrum (Hα, Hβ) is matched to the other by adjusting the amplitude value and the phase value thereof at each point. 10. The data processing method according to claim 8, further comprising the steps of:
generating an illumination light wave hologram (d(x, y)) representing a light wave of a specific illumination light (Qk) at the position (z=zm) of the object using a specific object light hologram (Ik OR) and the reference light hologram (ILR), wherein the specific object light hologram (Ik OR) is one of the object light holograms (Ij OR, j=1, . . . , N) and contains information on the specific illumination light (Qk) being any one of the illumination lights (Qj, j=1, . . . , N); deriving an illumination light wave phase component (ξ(x,y)=d(x,y)/|d(x,y)|) of the specific illumination light (Qk) using the illumination light wave hologram (d(x, y); and generating a phase-adjusted synthetic object light wave hologram (hT(x,y)/ξ(x,y)) by dividing the synthetic object light wave hologram (hT(x, y)) by the illumination light wave phase component (ξ(x,y)). 11. The data processing method according to claim 8, further comprising the steps of:
acquiring data of a head-on illuminated object light hologram (If OR) which is an off-axis hologram of interference fringes between an object light (Of) emitted from the object illuminated by a head-on illumination with a head-on illumination light (Qf) of a nonparallel light, the head-on illumination light (Qf), and the off-axis spherical wave reference light (R); generating a head-on illuminated object light wave hologram (hf(x, y)) representing a light wave of the object light (Of) caused by the head-on illumination, and an illumination light wave hologram (d(x, y) representing a light wave of the head-on illumination light (Qf), at the position (z=zm) of the object, by using the reference light hologram (ILR) and the head-on illuminated object light hologram (If OR); deriving an illumination light wave phase component (ξ(x,y)=d(x,y)/|d(x,y)|) about the head-on illumination light (Qf) using the illumination light wave hologram (d(x, y); generating a phase-adjusted head-on illuminated object light wave hologram (hf(x, y)/(ξ(x,y)) by dividing the head-on illuminated object light wave hologram (hf(x, y)) by the illumination light wave phase component (ξ(x,y)); generating an object light spatial frequency spectrum (Hf(u, v)) of the object light (Of) caused by the head-on illumination, by Fourier-transforming the phase-adjusted head-on illuminated object light wave hologram (hf(x, y)/(ξ(x,y)); and generating the synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HT(u, v)) by sequentially arranging the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u, v), j=1, . . . , N) with reference to the object light spatial frequency spectrum (Hf(u, v)) based on calculation of a cross correlation function. 12. The data processing method according to claim 8, further comprising the steps of:
generating a synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HTa(u, v)) at an arbitrary position (z=za), by making the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) at the position (z=zm) of the object into object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj a(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) at an arbitrary position (z=za), and then performing the same processing performed at the position (z=zm) of the object, in which each of the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) is moved and matched using the fitting coefficients (aαβ); and generating a synthetic object light wave hologram (hTa(X, y)=F−1(HTa(u, v)) at the arbitrary position (z=za) by inverse-Fourier transforming the synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HTa(u, v)) at the arbitrary position (z=za). 13. The data processing method according to claim 8, wherein
the data of the object light holograms (Ij OR, j=1, . . . , N) is acquired by placing a marking pattern behind the object being translucent or in front of the object, and the calculation of the cross correlation function is performed based on a spatial frequency spectrum corresponding to the marking pattern. 14. The holographic imaging device according to claim 4, wherein
the optical system comprises an angle change unit for changing the incident direction of the illumination light (Q) to the object, and the angle change unit comprises: a rotating plate having a circular center opening with a shutter and an eccentric opening provided at an eccentric position for receiving a cone shape light diverging around an optical central axis going to the center of the photo-detector and for distributing a part of the diverging cone shape light as the illumination light (Q) by intermittently rotating around the central axis; a lens assembly having a plurality of lenses arranged around the central axis, for making each of the lights distributed by the rotating plate into a parallel light; and a reflecting mirror assembly having a plurality of reflecting mirrors, for changing the direction of the parallel lights so that each of the parallel lights from the lens assembly passes through one point on the central axis. 15. The holographic imaging device according to claim 5, wherein
the optical system comprises an angle change unit for changing the incident direction of the illumination light (Q) to the object, and the angle change unit comprises: a rotating plate having a circular center opening with a shutter and an eccentric opening provided at an eccentric position for receiving a cone shape light diverging around an optical central axis going to the center of the photo-detector and for distributing a part of the diverging cone shape light as the illumination light (Q) by intermittently rotating around the central axis; a lens assembly having a plurality of lenses arranged around the central axis, for making each of the lights distributed by the rotating plate into a parallel light; and a reflecting mirror assembly having a plurality of reflecting mirrors, for changing the direction of the parallel lights so that each of the parallel lights from the lens assembly passes through one point on the central axis. 16. The data processing method according to claim 9, further comprising the steps of:
generating an illumination light wave hologram (d(x, y)) representing a light wave of a specific illumination light (Qk) at the position (z=zm) of the object using a specific object light hologram (Ik OR) and the reference light hologram (ILR), wherein the specific object light hologram (Ik OR) is one of the object light holograms (Ij OR, j=1, . . . , N) and contains information on the specific illumination light (Qk) being any one of the illumination lights (Qj, j=1, . . . , N); deriving an illumination light wave phase component (ξ(x,y)=d(x,y)/|d(x,y)|) of the specific illumination light (Qk) using the illumination light wave hologram (d(x, y); and generating a phase-adjusted synthetic object light wave hologram (hT(x,y)/ξ(x,y)) by dividing the synthetic object light wave hologram (hT(x, y)) by the illumination light wave phase component (ξ(x,y)). 17. The data processing method according to claim 9, further comprising the steps of:
acquiring data of a head-on illuminated object light hologram (If OR) which is an off-axis hologram of interference fringes between an object light (Of) emitted from the object illuminated by a head-on illumination with a head-on illumination light (Qf) of a nonparallel light, the head-on illumination light (Qf), and the off-axis spherical wave reference light (R); generating a head-on illuminated object light wave hologram (hf(x, y)) representing a light wave of the object light (Of) caused by the head-on illumination, and an illumination light wave hologram (d(x, y) representing a light wave of the head-on illumination light (Qf), at the position (z=zm) of the object, by using the reference light hologram (ILR) and the head-on illuminated object light hologram (If OR); deriving an illumination light wave phase component (ξ(x,y)=d(x,y)/|d(x,y)|) about the head-on illumination light (Qf) using the illumination light wave hologram (d(x, y); generating a phase-adjusted head-on illuminated object light wave hologram (hf(x, y)/(ξ(x,y)) by dividing the head-on illuminated object light wave hologram (hf(x, y)) by the illumination light wave phase component (ξ(x,y)); generating an object light spatial frequency spectrum (Hf(u, v)) of the object light (Of) caused by the head-on illumination, by Fourier-transforming the phase-adjusted head-on illuminated object light wave hologram (hf(x, y)/(ξ(x,y)); and generating the synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HT(u, v)) by sequentially arranging the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u, v), j=1, . . . , N) with reference to the object light spatial frequency spectrum (Hf(u, v)) based on calculation of a cross correlation function. 18. The data processing method according to claim 9, further comprising the steps of:
generating a synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HTa(u, v)) at an arbitrary position (z=za), by making the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) at the position (z=zm) of the object into object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj a(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) at an arbitrary position (z=za), and then performing the same processing performed at the position (z=zm) of the object, in which each of the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) is moved and matched using the fitting coefficients (aαβ); and generating a synthetic object light wave hologram (hTa(X, y)=F−1(HTa(u, v)) at the arbitrary position (z=za) by inverse-Fourier transforming the synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HTa(u, v)) at the arbitrary position (z=za). 19. The data processing method according to claim 10, further comprising the steps of:
generating a synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HTa(u, v)) at an arbitrary position (z=za), by making the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) at the position (z=zm) of the object into object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj a(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) at an arbitrary position (z=za), and then performing the same processing performed at the position (z=zm) of the object, in which each of the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) is moved and matched using the fitting coefficients (aαβ); and generating a synthetic object light wave hologram (hTa(X, y)=F−1(HTa(u, v)) at the arbitrary position (z=za) by inverse-Fourier transforming the synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HTa(u, v)) at the arbitrary position (z=za). 20. The data processing method according to claim 16, further comprising the steps of:
generating a synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HTa(u, v)) at an arbitrary position (z=za), by making the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) at the position (z=zm) of the object into object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj a(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) at an arbitrary position (z=za), and then performing the same processing performed at the position (z=zm) of the object, in which each of the object light spatial frequency spectra (Hj(u,v), j=1, . . . , N) is moved and matched using the fitting coefficients (aαβ); and generating a synthetic object light wave hologram (hTa(X, y)=F−1(HTa(u, v)) at the arbitrary position (z=za) by inverse-Fourier transforming the synthetic object light spatial frequency spectrum (HTa(u, v)) at the arbitrary position (z=za). | 1,700 |
345,101 | 16,643,001 | 1,747 | The invention provides a use of a rope as a combustible material in a heating system, said rope comprising or consisting of fibrous plant material. The invention also provides a method of operating a heating system, comprising feeding a combustible material to a combustion chamber of the heating system, said combustible material being a rope of fibrous plant material. | 1. A use of a rope as a combustible material in a heating system, said rope comprising or consisting of fibrous plant material. 2. The use according to claim 1, wherein said rope comprises at least two strands made of the fibrous plant material, said strands being twisted to form said rope. 3. The use according to claim 1, wherein said rope is a two-stranded or three-stranded rope. 4. The use according to claim 2, wherein the strands are twisted to form said rope such that the length of the rope has less than 67% of the length of the strands before twisting of the strands to form the rope. 5. The use according to claim 2, wherein the strands are made from multiple elongated elements of the fibrous plant material by stranding or spinning. 6. The use according to claim 2, wherein each strand has a diameter of from 1 to 20 cm, preferably from 1 to 10 cm, more preferably from 2 to 6 cm. 7. The use according to claim 1, wherein said rope is a one-stranded rope made from multiple elongated elements of the fibrous plant material by stranding or spinning. 8. The use according to claim 1, wherein said rope or a strand of said rope is made by orienting at least two elongated elements of the fibrous plant material essentially in parallel so as to form combination of at least partially overlapping elongated elements essentially oriented in parallel, securing the elongated strands together at a desired position of the combination, twisting the elongated elements of the strand starting from the secured position while continuously feeding further elongated elements into the twisting combination to form a strand or one-stranded rope. 9. The use according to claim 1, wherein the rope has a diameter of from 1 to 50 cm, preferably of from 3 to 15 cm. 10. The use according to claim 1, wherein the rope has a length of at least 1 m, preferably at least 3 m, more preferably at least 10 m. 11. The use according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous plant material comprises or consists of blades, such as straw blades. 12. The use according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous plant material comprises or consists of blades, such as straw blades, of monocotyledonous plants. 13. The use according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous plant material comprises or consists of blades, such as straw blades, of plants of family Poaceae, preferably of Pooideae. 14. The use according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous plant material is straw and/or the rope is a straw rope. 15. The use according to claim 1, wherein the rope can be wound or coiled for storage. 16. The use according to claim 1, wherein the heating system is a heater, furnace and/or central heating system of a building or facility. 17. The use according to claim 1, wherein the heating system comprises a feeding device for feeding the rope to the combustion chamber of the heating system. 18. A method of operating a heating system, comprising feeding a combustible material to a combustion chamber of the heating system, said combustible material being a rope of fibrous plant material. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the rope is fed mechanically into a combustion chamber of the heating system by a feeding device. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the rope is wound, e.g. to a roll, and the rope is fed into the combustion chamber of the heating system while unwinding the rope. 21. The method of claim 18, wherein the feeding rate of the rope is controlled so as to provide a desired heat generation upon burning the rope in the combustion chamber. 22. The method of claim 18, wherein said rope comprises at least two strands made of the fibrous plant material, said strands being twisted to form said rope. | The invention provides a use of a rope as a combustible material in a heating system, said rope comprising or consisting of fibrous plant material. The invention also provides a method of operating a heating system, comprising feeding a combustible material to a combustion chamber of the heating system, said combustible material being a rope of fibrous plant material.1. A use of a rope as a combustible material in a heating system, said rope comprising or consisting of fibrous plant material. 2. The use according to claim 1, wherein said rope comprises at least two strands made of the fibrous plant material, said strands being twisted to form said rope. 3. The use according to claim 1, wherein said rope is a two-stranded or three-stranded rope. 4. The use according to claim 2, wherein the strands are twisted to form said rope such that the length of the rope has less than 67% of the length of the strands before twisting of the strands to form the rope. 5. The use according to claim 2, wherein the strands are made from multiple elongated elements of the fibrous plant material by stranding or spinning. 6. The use according to claim 2, wherein each strand has a diameter of from 1 to 20 cm, preferably from 1 to 10 cm, more preferably from 2 to 6 cm. 7. The use according to claim 1, wherein said rope is a one-stranded rope made from multiple elongated elements of the fibrous plant material by stranding or spinning. 8. The use according to claim 1, wherein said rope or a strand of said rope is made by orienting at least two elongated elements of the fibrous plant material essentially in parallel so as to form combination of at least partially overlapping elongated elements essentially oriented in parallel, securing the elongated strands together at a desired position of the combination, twisting the elongated elements of the strand starting from the secured position while continuously feeding further elongated elements into the twisting combination to form a strand or one-stranded rope. 9. The use according to claim 1, wherein the rope has a diameter of from 1 to 50 cm, preferably of from 3 to 15 cm. 10. The use according to claim 1, wherein the rope has a length of at least 1 m, preferably at least 3 m, more preferably at least 10 m. 11. The use according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous plant material comprises or consists of blades, such as straw blades. 12. The use according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous plant material comprises or consists of blades, such as straw blades, of monocotyledonous plants. 13. The use according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous plant material comprises or consists of blades, such as straw blades, of plants of family Poaceae, preferably of Pooideae. 14. The use according to claim 1, wherein the fibrous plant material is straw and/or the rope is a straw rope. 15. The use according to claim 1, wherein the rope can be wound or coiled for storage. 16. The use according to claim 1, wherein the heating system is a heater, furnace and/or central heating system of a building or facility. 17. The use according to claim 1, wherein the heating system comprises a feeding device for feeding the rope to the combustion chamber of the heating system. 18. A method of operating a heating system, comprising feeding a combustible material to a combustion chamber of the heating system, said combustible material being a rope of fibrous plant material. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the rope is fed mechanically into a combustion chamber of the heating system by a feeding device. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the rope is wound, e.g. to a roll, and the rope is fed into the combustion chamber of the heating system while unwinding the rope. 21. The method of claim 18, wherein the feeding rate of the rope is controlled so as to provide a desired heat generation upon burning the rope in the combustion chamber. 22. The method of claim 18, wherein said rope comprises at least two strands made of the fibrous plant material, said strands being twisted to form said rope. | 1,700 |
345,102 | 16,642,951 | 1,747 | A method for determining correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device is disclosed. The wearable device may include an eye tracking device and an outward facing image sensor. The method may include receiving an input parameter and at least one scene image from the outward facing image sensor. The method may further include determining, with at least the eye tracking device, at least one gaze direction of a wearer of the wearable device at a point in time corresponding to when the scene image was captured by the outward facing image sensor. The method may additionally include determining, based at least in part on the input parameter, that a particular scene image includes at least a portion of a predefined image. The method may moreover include determining, based on the at least one gaze direction, at least one gaze point on the particular scene image. | 1.-17. (canceled) 18. A method for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device, wherein the wearable device comprises an eye tracking device and an outward facing image sensor, and wherein the method comprises:
receiving input data comprising a predefined image; receiving dynamic area content information; receiving a scene image from the outward facing image sensor; determining, with at least the eye tracking device, a gaze direction of a wearer of the wearable device at a point in time corresponding to when the scene image was captured by the outward facing image sensor; determining, based at least in part on the input data, that the scene image includes at least a remaining portion of the predefined image, wherein the remaining portion of the predefined image does not include the dynamic area content information; determining a position of the remaining portion of the predefined image in the scene image; determining, based on the at least the gaze direction and the position, a gaze point on the predefined image. 19. The method for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device of claim 18, further including:
determining a confidence value representing the probability that the gaze direction of a wearer is directed towards the predefined image. 20. The method for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device of claim 19, wherein:
determining the confidence value is based on the remaining portion of the predefined image. 21. The method for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device of claim 19, wherein:
determining the confidence value is based on one or more of: 3D information about the real world captured in the scene image, levelness of motion-blur in the scene image. 22. The method for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device of claim 18, wherein the input data comprises:
a manually mapped area of the predefined image. 23. The method for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device of claim 18, wherein the input data comprises:
a manually identified presence of the predefined image in the scene image. 24. The method for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device of claim 18, wherein the input data comprises:
a plurality of identified instances of the predefined image in video received from the outward facing image sensor. 25. A system for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device, wherein the system comprises:
one or more processors configured to at least:
receive an input parameter comprising a predefined image;
receive dynamic area content information;
receive a scene image from an outward facing image sensor of a wearable device;
determine, with at least an eye tracking device of the wearable device, a gaze direction of a wearer of the wearable device at a point in time corresponding to when the scene image was captured by the outward facing image sensor;
determine, based at least in part on the input data, that the scene image includes at least a remaining portion of the predefined image, wherein the remaining portion of the predefined image does not include the dynamic area content information;
determine a position of the remaining portion of the predefined image;
determine, based at least on the gaze direction and the position, a gaze point on the predefined image. 26. The system for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device of claim 25, further including:
determine a confidence value representing the probability that the gaze direction of a wearer is directed towards the predefined image 27. The system for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device of claim 26, wherein:
determining the confidence value is based on the remaining portion of the predefined image. 28. The system for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device of claim 26, wherein:
determining the confidence value is based on one or more of: 3D information about the real world captured in the scene image, levelness of motion-blur in the scene image 29. The system for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device of claim 25, wherein the input data comprises:
a manually mapped area of the predefined image. 30. A non-transitory machine readable medium having instructions stored thereon for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device, wherein the instructions are executable by one or more processors for at least:
receiving input data comprising a predefined; receiving dynamic area content information; receiving a scene image from an outward facing image sensor of a wearable device; determining, with at least an eye tracking device of the wearable device, a gaze direction of a wearer of the wearable device at a point in time corresponding to when the scene image was captured by the outward facing image sensor; determining, based at least in part on the input data, that the scene image includes at least a remaining portion of the predefined image, wherein the remaining portion of the predefined image does not include the dynamic area content information; determining a position of the remaining portion in the scene image; determining, based on the at least the gaze direction and the position, a gaze point on the predefined image. 31. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 30, further including:
determining a confidence value representing the probability that the gaze direction of a wearer is directed towards the predefined image 32. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 31:
determining the confidence value is based on the remaining portion of the predefined image 33. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 31, wherein:
determining the confidence value is based on one or more of: 3D information about the real world captured in the scene image, levelness of motion-blur in the scene image 34. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 30, wherein the input data comprises:
a manually mapped area of the predefined image. | A method for determining correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device is disclosed. The wearable device may include an eye tracking device and an outward facing image sensor. The method may include receiving an input parameter and at least one scene image from the outward facing image sensor. The method may further include determining, with at least the eye tracking device, at least one gaze direction of a wearer of the wearable device at a point in time corresponding to when the scene image was captured by the outward facing image sensor. The method may additionally include determining, based at least in part on the input parameter, that a particular scene image includes at least a portion of a predefined image. The method may moreover include determining, based on the at least one gaze direction, at least one gaze point on the particular scene image.1.-17. (canceled) 18. A method for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device, wherein the wearable device comprises an eye tracking device and an outward facing image sensor, and wherein the method comprises:
receiving input data comprising a predefined image; receiving dynamic area content information; receiving a scene image from the outward facing image sensor; determining, with at least the eye tracking device, a gaze direction of a wearer of the wearable device at a point in time corresponding to when the scene image was captured by the outward facing image sensor; determining, based at least in part on the input data, that the scene image includes at least a remaining portion of the predefined image, wherein the remaining portion of the predefined image does not include the dynamic area content information; determining a position of the remaining portion of the predefined image in the scene image; determining, based on the at least the gaze direction and the position, a gaze point on the predefined image. 19. The method for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device of claim 18, further including:
determining a confidence value representing the probability that the gaze direction of a wearer is directed towards the predefined image. 20. The method for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device of claim 19, wherein:
determining the confidence value is based on the remaining portion of the predefined image. 21. The method for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device of claim 19, wherein:
determining the confidence value is based on one or more of: 3D information about the real world captured in the scene image, levelness of motion-blur in the scene image. 22. The method for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device of claim 18, wherein the input data comprises:
a manually mapped area of the predefined image. 23. The method for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device of claim 18, wherein the input data comprises:
a manually identified presence of the predefined image in the scene image. 24. The method for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device of claim 18, wherein the input data comprises:
a plurality of identified instances of the predefined image in video received from the outward facing image sensor. 25. A system for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device, wherein the system comprises:
one or more processors configured to at least:
receive an input parameter comprising a predefined image;
receive dynamic area content information;
receive a scene image from an outward facing image sensor of a wearable device;
determine, with at least an eye tracking device of the wearable device, a gaze direction of a wearer of the wearable device at a point in time corresponding to when the scene image was captured by the outward facing image sensor;
determine, based at least in part on the input data, that the scene image includes at least a remaining portion of the predefined image, wherein the remaining portion of the predefined image does not include the dynamic area content information;
determine a position of the remaining portion of the predefined image;
determine, based at least on the gaze direction and the position, a gaze point on the predefined image. 26. The system for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device of claim 25, further including:
determine a confidence value representing the probability that the gaze direction of a wearer is directed towards the predefined image 27. The system for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device of claim 26, wherein:
determining the confidence value is based on the remaining portion of the predefined image. 28. The system for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device of claim 26, wherein:
determining the confidence value is based on one or more of: 3D information about the real world captured in the scene image, levelness of motion-blur in the scene image 29. The system for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device of claim 25, wherein the input data comprises:
a manually mapped area of the predefined image. 30. A non-transitory machine readable medium having instructions stored thereon for determining a correspondence between a gaze direction and an environment around a wearable device, wherein the instructions are executable by one or more processors for at least:
receiving input data comprising a predefined; receiving dynamic area content information; receiving a scene image from an outward facing image sensor of a wearable device; determining, with at least an eye tracking device of the wearable device, a gaze direction of a wearer of the wearable device at a point in time corresponding to when the scene image was captured by the outward facing image sensor; determining, based at least in part on the input data, that the scene image includes at least a remaining portion of the predefined image, wherein the remaining portion of the predefined image does not include the dynamic area content information; determining a position of the remaining portion in the scene image; determining, based on the at least the gaze direction and the position, a gaze point on the predefined image. 31. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 30, further including:
determining a confidence value representing the probability that the gaze direction of a wearer is directed towards the predefined image 32. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 31:
determining the confidence value is based on the remaining portion of the predefined image 33. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 31, wherein:
determining the confidence value is based on one or more of: 3D information about the real world captured in the scene image, levelness of motion-blur in the scene image 34. The non-transitory machine readable medium of claim 30, wherein the input data comprises:
a manually mapped area of the predefined image. | 1,700 |
345,103 | 16,642,992 | 1,747 | A method for a device comprises enrolling a specified application installed on the device into a chain of trust provided by a private key infrastructure. In the chain of trust, a child certificate is attested as valid by an attestor associated with a parent certificate in the chain of trust. Enrolling includes generating an application certificate 20-A for verifying that the specified application is installed on the device 2. The application certificate is a descendant certificate of the device certificate associated with the device and the chain of trust. | 1-29. (canceled) 30. A method for a device, the method comprising:
enrolling a specified application installed on the device into a chain of trust provided by a public key infrastructure, wherein in the chain of trust, a child certificate is attested as valid by an attestor associated with a parent certificate in the chain of trust; wherein the enrolling comprises generating an application certificate for verifying that the specified application is installed on the device or attesting to an event associated with the specified application; and the application certificate is a descendant certificate of a device certificate of the device. 31. The method of claim 30, wherein the application certificate is a child certificate of the device certificate. 32. The method of claim 31, wherein the application certificate is signed with a private key for proving an identity of the device. 33. The method of claim 30, comprising generating a private key for the specified application corresponding to a public key associated with the application certificate. 34. The method of claim 30, wherein the specified application is enrolled into the chain of trust when the specified application is installed on the device. 35. The method of claim 34, wherein the specified application is installed on condition that verification of the identity of the device according to the public key infrastructure is successful. 36. The method of claim 30, comprising selecting whether or not to enroll the specified application into the chain of trust in dependence on information specified by an installation command for instructing installation of the specified application on the device. 37. The method of claim 36, wherein the installation command specifies an enrolment flag specifying whether the application is to be enrolled into the chain of trust. 38. The method of claim 36, wherein the installation command comprises an embedded certificate signing request having a format defined according to the public key infrastructure. 39. The method of claim 30, wherein the device has a normal execution environment and a trusted execution environment in which at least some data or program code is accessible which is inaccessible in the normal execution environment; and
the enrolling of the specified application is performed under control of program code executing in the trusted execution environment. 40. The method of claim 30, wherein the application certificate specifies a version identifier identifying a version of the specified application installed on the device. 41. The method of claim 30, comprising generating a new application certificate for the specified application in response to at least one of:
updating the specified application to a new version; changing a configuration setting for the specified application; updating platform program code associated with a software environment in which the specified application is executed; and changing a configuration setting for the platform program code. 42. The method of claim 41, in which the comprising generating a new application certificate for the specified application in response to at least one of:
updating platform program code associated with a software environment in which the specified application is executed; and changing a configuration setting for the platform program code; and in which the platform program code comprises at least one of: system firmware of the device; an operating system of the device; a trusted execution environment provided on the device; and program code for controlling or verifying updates to the program code of the specified application. 43. The method of claim 41, comprising retaining enrolment of a previous application certificate for the specified application in the public key infrastructure after generating the new application certificate. 44. The method of claim 43, in which the new application certificate references the previous application certificate for the specified application. 45. The method of claim 30, comprising generating a chain of application certificates for attesting to the occurrence, or absence of occurrence, of respective events associated with the specified application. 46. The method of claim 30, comprising determining, in dependence on at least one device permission or constraint defined for the device, whether the device is allowed to enroll the specified application into the chain of trust;
wherein the specified application is enrolled into the chain of trust when the device is allowed to enroll the specified application into the chain of trust. 47. The method of claim 46, wherein said at least one device permission or constraint specifies information to be included in the generated application certificate for the specified application. 48. The method of claim 30, comprising storing the generated application certificate in a storage location accessible to the specified application. 49. The method of claim 30, comprising returning the generated application certificate to a requester which triggered installation or update of the specified application. 50. The method of claim 30, wherein the device is configured to make the application certificate accessible to a verifier requesting verification of whether the specified application is installed on the device. 51. The method of claim 30, wherein the application certificate comprises an X.509 certificate. 52. A storage medium storing a computer program for controlling an electronic device to perform the method of claim 30. 53. A device comprising:
processing circuitry configured to:
enroll a specified application installed on the device into a chain of trust provided by a public key infrastructure, wherein in the chain of trust, a child certificate is attested as valid by an attestor associated with a parent certificate in the chain of trust;
wherein enrolling of the specified application comprises generating an application certificate for verifying that the specified application is installed on the device or attesting to an event associated with the specified application; and
the application certificate is a descendant certificate of a device certificate of the device. 54. A method for a remote validator to validate whether a specified application is installed on a device or whether the specified application meets at least one required property; the method comprising:
obtaining at least one application certificate associated with the specified application, where:
the at least one application certificate is enrolled into a chain of trust provided by a public key infrastructure;
in the chain of trust, a child certificate is attested as valid by an attestor associated with a parent certificate in the chain of trust; and
each application certificate is a descendant certificate of a device certificate of the device;
using the at least one application certificate to verify whether at least one attestation key held by the device is valid; and based on whether the at least one attestation key is valid, validating whether the specified application is installed or meets the at least one required property. 55. The method of claim 54, in which when a plurality of application certificates are obtained for the specified application, each subsequent application certificate references a previous application certificate in a chain of application certificates, and the validating of whether the specified application is installed or meets the at least one required property is dependent on whether a sequence of the plurality of application certificates in the chain meets a predetermined condition. 56. A storage medium storing a computer program for controlling an electronic device to perform the method of claim 54. 57. An apparatus comprising:
processing circuitry; and
the storage medium of claim 56. | A method for a device comprises enrolling a specified application installed on the device into a chain of trust provided by a private key infrastructure. In the chain of trust, a child certificate is attested as valid by an attestor associated with a parent certificate in the chain of trust. Enrolling includes generating an application certificate 20-A for verifying that the specified application is installed on the device 2. The application certificate is a descendant certificate of the device certificate associated with the device and the chain of trust.1-29. (canceled) 30. A method for a device, the method comprising:
enrolling a specified application installed on the device into a chain of trust provided by a public key infrastructure, wherein in the chain of trust, a child certificate is attested as valid by an attestor associated with a parent certificate in the chain of trust; wherein the enrolling comprises generating an application certificate for verifying that the specified application is installed on the device or attesting to an event associated with the specified application; and the application certificate is a descendant certificate of a device certificate of the device. 31. The method of claim 30, wherein the application certificate is a child certificate of the device certificate. 32. The method of claim 31, wherein the application certificate is signed with a private key for proving an identity of the device. 33. The method of claim 30, comprising generating a private key for the specified application corresponding to a public key associated with the application certificate. 34. The method of claim 30, wherein the specified application is enrolled into the chain of trust when the specified application is installed on the device. 35. The method of claim 34, wherein the specified application is installed on condition that verification of the identity of the device according to the public key infrastructure is successful. 36. The method of claim 30, comprising selecting whether or not to enroll the specified application into the chain of trust in dependence on information specified by an installation command for instructing installation of the specified application on the device. 37. The method of claim 36, wherein the installation command specifies an enrolment flag specifying whether the application is to be enrolled into the chain of trust. 38. The method of claim 36, wherein the installation command comprises an embedded certificate signing request having a format defined according to the public key infrastructure. 39. The method of claim 30, wherein the device has a normal execution environment and a trusted execution environment in which at least some data or program code is accessible which is inaccessible in the normal execution environment; and
the enrolling of the specified application is performed under control of program code executing in the trusted execution environment. 40. The method of claim 30, wherein the application certificate specifies a version identifier identifying a version of the specified application installed on the device. 41. The method of claim 30, comprising generating a new application certificate for the specified application in response to at least one of:
updating the specified application to a new version; changing a configuration setting for the specified application; updating platform program code associated with a software environment in which the specified application is executed; and changing a configuration setting for the platform program code. 42. The method of claim 41, in which the comprising generating a new application certificate for the specified application in response to at least one of:
updating platform program code associated with a software environment in which the specified application is executed; and changing a configuration setting for the platform program code; and in which the platform program code comprises at least one of: system firmware of the device; an operating system of the device; a trusted execution environment provided on the device; and program code for controlling or verifying updates to the program code of the specified application. 43. The method of claim 41, comprising retaining enrolment of a previous application certificate for the specified application in the public key infrastructure after generating the new application certificate. 44. The method of claim 43, in which the new application certificate references the previous application certificate for the specified application. 45. The method of claim 30, comprising generating a chain of application certificates for attesting to the occurrence, or absence of occurrence, of respective events associated with the specified application. 46. The method of claim 30, comprising determining, in dependence on at least one device permission or constraint defined for the device, whether the device is allowed to enroll the specified application into the chain of trust;
wherein the specified application is enrolled into the chain of trust when the device is allowed to enroll the specified application into the chain of trust. 47. The method of claim 46, wherein said at least one device permission or constraint specifies information to be included in the generated application certificate for the specified application. 48. The method of claim 30, comprising storing the generated application certificate in a storage location accessible to the specified application. 49. The method of claim 30, comprising returning the generated application certificate to a requester which triggered installation or update of the specified application. 50. The method of claim 30, wherein the device is configured to make the application certificate accessible to a verifier requesting verification of whether the specified application is installed on the device. 51. The method of claim 30, wherein the application certificate comprises an X.509 certificate. 52. A storage medium storing a computer program for controlling an electronic device to perform the method of claim 30. 53. A device comprising:
processing circuitry configured to:
enroll a specified application installed on the device into a chain of trust provided by a public key infrastructure, wherein in the chain of trust, a child certificate is attested as valid by an attestor associated with a parent certificate in the chain of trust;
wherein enrolling of the specified application comprises generating an application certificate for verifying that the specified application is installed on the device or attesting to an event associated with the specified application; and
the application certificate is a descendant certificate of a device certificate of the device. 54. A method for a remote validator to validate whether a specified application is installed on a device or whether the specified application meets at least one required property; the method comprising:
obtaining at least one application certificate associated with the specified application, where:
the at least one application certificate is enrolled into a chain of trust provided by a public key infrastructure;
in the chain of trust, a child certificate is attested as valid by an attestor associated with a parent certificate in the chain of trust; and
each application certificate is a descendant certificate of a device certificate of the device;
using the at least one application certificate to verify whether at least one attestation key held by the device is valid; and based on whether the at least one attestation key is valid, validating whether the specified application is installed or meets the at least one required property. 55. The method of claim 54, in which when a plurality of application certificates are obtained for the specified application, each subsequent application certificate references a previous application certificate in a chain of application certificates, and the validating of whether the specified application is installed or meets the at least one required property is dependent on whether a sequence of the plurality of application certificates in the chain meets a predetermined condition. 56. A storage medium storing a computer program for controlling an electronic device to perform the method of claim 54. 57. An apparatus comprising:
processing circuitry; and
the storage medium of claim 56. | 1,700 |
345,104 | 16,642,988 | 1,747 | [Problem] To provide a sesame-containing liquid seasoning which has an enhanced aroma unique to sesame and also has an original aroma which is irresistible and addictive. | 1. A liquid seasoning containing sesame, comprising a linear alkanethiol and a dimethylpyrazine which is at least one of 2,5-dimethylpyrazine and 2,6-dimethylpyrazine,
wherein the ratio of the peak area of said linear alkanethiol to the peak area of said dimethylpyrazine is 0.05 or more and less than 1.0 when the aroma components of said liquid seasoning are measured by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography mass spectrometry. 2. A liquid seasoning containing sesame, comprising
a linear alkanethiol and a dimethylpyrazine which is at least one of 2,5-dimethylpyrazine and 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, wherein the content of said linear alkanethiol is 40 ppb or more and 500 ppb or less with respect to the total amount of said liquid seasoning. 3. The liquid seasoning according to claim 2,
wherein the content of said dimethylpyrazine is 10 ppb or more and 800 ppb or less with respect to the total amount of said liquid seasoning. 4. The liquid seasoning according to claim 1,
wherein the ratio of the peak area of said linear alkanethiol to the peak area of said dimethylpyrazine is 0.06 or more and 0.8 or less when the aroma components of said liquid seasoning are measured by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography mass spectrometry. 5. The liquid seasoning according to claim 1,
wherein the content of said linear alkanethiol is 50 ppb or more and 400 ppb or less with respect to the total amount of said liquid seasoning, and the content of said dimethylpyrazine is 50 ppb or more and 500 ppb or less with respect to the total amount of said liquid seasoning. 6. The liquid seasoning according to claim 1,
wherein the content of said sesame is 1 to 40% by mass with respect to the total amount of said liquid seasoning. 7. The liquid seasoning according to claim 1,
wherein said liquid seasoning is an oil-in-water emulsified liquid seasoning. 8. The liquid seasoning according to claim 1,
further comprising a yeast extract. 9. The liquid seasoning according to claim 8,
wherein the content of said yeast extract is 0.01 to 2% by mass with respect to the total amount of said liquid seasoning. 10. The liquid seasoning according to claim 8,
wherein the content of said yeast extract (% by mass)/the total content (ppb) of said linear alkanethiol and said dimethylpyrazine is 0.00005 to 0.01. 11. The liquid seasoning according to claim 2,
wherein the ratio of the peak area of said linear alkanethiol to the peak area of said dimethylpyrazine is 0.06 or more and 0.8 or less when the aroma components of said liquid seasoning are measured by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography mass spectrometry. 12. The liquid seasoning according to claim 2,
wherein the content of said linear alkanethiol is 50 ppb or more and 400 ppb or less with respect to the total amount of said liquid seasoning, and the content of said dimethylpyrazine is 50 ppb or more and 500 ppb or less with respect to the total amount of said liquid seasoning. 13. The liquid seasoning according to claim 2,
wherein the content of said sesame is 1 to 40% by mass with respect to the total amount of said liquid seasoning. 14. The liquid seasoning according to claim 2,
wherein said liquid seasoning is an oil-in-water emulsified liquid seasoning. 15. The liquid seasoning according to claim 2,
further comprising a yeast extract. 16. The liquid seasoning according to claim 15,
wherein the content of said yeast extract is 0.01 to 2% by mass with respect to the total amount of said liquid seasoning. 17. The liquid seasoning according to claim 15,
wherein the content of said yeast extract (% by mass)/the total content (ppb) of said linear alkanethiol and said dimethylpyrazine is 0.00005 to 0.01. | [Problem] To provide a sesame-containing liquid seasoning which has an enhanced aroma unique to sesame and also has an original aroma which is irresistible and addictive.1. A liquid seasoning containing sesame, comprising a linear alkanethiol and a dimethylpyrazine which is at least one of 2,5-dimethylpyrazine and 2,6-dimethylpyrazine,
wherein the ratio of the peak area of said linear alkanethiol to the peak area of said dimethylpyrazine is 0.05 or more and less than 1.0 when the aroma components of said liquid seasoning are measured by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography mass spectrometry. 2. A liquid seasoning containing sesame, comprising
a linear alkanethiol and a dimethylpyrazine which is at least one of 2,5-dimethylpyrazine and 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, wherein the content of said linear alkanethiol is 40 ppb or more and 500 ppb or less with respect to the total amount of said liquid seasoning. 3. The liquid seasoning according to claim 2,
wherein the content of said dimethylpyrazine is 10 ppb or more and 800 ppb or less with respect to the total amount of said liquid seasoning. 4. The liquid seasoning according to claim 1,
wherein the ratio of the peak area of said linear alkanethiol to the peak area of said dimethylpyrazine is 0.06 or more and 0.8 or less when the aroma components of said liquid seasoning are measured by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography mass spectrometry. 5. The liquid seasoning according to claim 1,
wherein the content of said linear alkanethiol is 50 ppb or more and 400 ppb or less with respect to the total amount of said liquid seasoning, and the content of said dimethylpyrazine is 50 ppb or more and 500 ppb or less with respect to the total amount of said liquid seasoning. 6. The liquid seasoning according to claim 1,
wherein the content of said sesame is 1 to 40% by mass with respect to the total amount of said liquid seasoning. 7. The liquid seasoning according to claim 1,
wherein said liquid seasoning is an oil-in-water emulsified liquid seasoning. 8. The liquid seasoning according to claim 1,
further comprising a yeast extract. 9. The liquid seasoning according to claim 8,
wherein the content of said yeast extract is 0.01 to 2% by mass with respect to the total amount of said liquid seasoning. 10. The liquid seasoning according to claim 8,
wherein the content of said yeast extract (% by mass)/the total content (ppb) of said linear alkanethiol and said dimethylpyrazine is 0.00005 to 0.01. 11. The liquid seasoning according to claim 2,
wherein the ratio of the peak area of said linear alkanethiol to the peak area of said dimethylpyrazine is 0.06 or more and 0.8 or less when the aroma components of said liquid seasoning are measured by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography mass spectrometry. 12. The liquid seasoning according to claim 2,
wherein the content of said linear alkanethiol is 50 ppb or more and 400 ppb or less with respect to the total amount of said liquid seasoning, and the content of said dimethylpyrazine is 50 ppb or more and 500 ppb or less with respect to the total amount of said liquid seasoning. 13. The liquid seasoning according to claim 2,
wherein the content of said sesame is 1 to 40% by mass with respect to the total amount of said liquid seasoning. 14. The liquid seasoning according to claim 2,
wherein said liquid seasoning is an oil-in-water emulsified liquid seasoning. 15. The liquid seasoning according to claim 2,
further comprising a yeast extract. 16. The liquid seasoning according to claim 15,
wherein the content of said yeast extract is 0.01 to 2% by mass with respect to the total amount of said liquid seasoning. 17. The liquid seasoning according to claim 15,
wherein the content of said yeast extract (% by mass)/the total content (ppb) of said linear alkanethiol and said dimethylpyrazine is 0.00005 to 0.01. | 1,700 |
345,105 | 16,642,999 | 1,747 | An aqueous polymer dispersion with an average particle size of less than 1000 nm comprising a) a polymer carrier prepared by heterophase radical polymerization of at least one ethyleni-cally unsaturated monomer in the presence of b) an oil-soluble organic UV absorber selected from the class of p-aminobenzoic acid derivatives; salicylic acid derivatives; benzophenone derivatives; diphenyl acrylate derivatives; benzofuran derivatives; polymeric UV absorbers, comprising one or more organosilicon radicals; cinnamic acid derivatives; camphor derivatives; s-triazine derivatives; trianilino-striazine derivatives; menthyl anthranilates; and benzotriazole derivatives; wherein the weight ratio of the oil-soluble organic UV absorber (b) to polymer carrier (a) is greater than 50 parts UV absorber per 100 parts of carrier; and c) a surfactant selected from c1) a nonionic surfactant selected from c11) the condensation product of a C6 to C18 fatty alcohol or C6 to C18 fatty acid and a mono- or disaccharide; and c2) an anionic surfactant selected from c21) sulfosuccinates and sulfosuccinamates; c22) fatty alcoholates; and c23) mixtures of phosphoric acid esters and fatty alcohols having from 6 to 18, preferably from 8 to 10, carbon atoms. The aqueous polymer dispersions show unexpectedly high sunscreen effects and a positive skin feeling. They have excellent anti-pollen, ant-dust and anti-oxidant performances in sun screen compositions. | 1.-22. (canceled) 23. An aqueous polymer dispersion with an average particle size of less than 1000 nm comprising
a) a polymer carrier prepared by heterophase radical polymerization of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of b) an oil-soluble organic UV absorber selected from the group consisting of of p-aminobenzoic acid derivatives; salicylic acid derivatives; benzophenone derivatives; diphenyl acrylate derivatives; benzofuran derivatives; polymeric UV absorbers, comprising one or more organosilicon radicals; cinnamic acid derivatives; camphor derivatives; s-triazine derivatives; trianilino-s-triazine derivatives; menthyl anthranilates; and benzotriazole derivatives; 24. The dispersion according to claim 23, wherein the average particle size of the concentrated aqueous polymer dispersion is less than 500 nm. 25. The dispersion according to claim 23, wherein the concentration of the polymer carrier with oil-soluble organic UV absorber (b) in the dispersion is from 20% to 60% b.w. 26. The dispersion according to claim 23 wherein the ethylenically unsaturated monomer is selected from the group consisting of C1-C18 acrylates, C1-C18 methacrylates, acrylic acid, (meth)acrylic acid, styrene, vinyltoluene, hydroxy-functional acrylates or (meth)acrylates, acrylates or (meth)acrylates derived from alkoxylated alcohols and multifunctional acrylates or (meth)acrylates, and mixtures thereof. 27. The dispersion according to claim 23 wherein the oil soluble UV absorber (b) corresponds to the compound of formula 28. The dispersion according to claim 23, wherein (c11) is selected from the group consisting of lauryl glucoside, coco-glucoside, sucrose polystearate and decyl glucoside. 29. The dispersion according to claim 23, wherein c21) is selected from esters of succinic acid. 30. The dispersion according to claim 23, wherein c21) is lauryl sulfosuccinate, cetyl sulfosuccinate, stearyl sulfosuccinate, or mixtures thereof. 31. The dispersion according to claim 23, wherein (c22) is sodium cetearyl sulfate. 32. The dispersion according to claim 23, wherein mixtures of nonionic surfactants c1) and anionic surfactants c2) are used. 33. The dispersion according to claim 23, wherein mixtures of (c1) C6-C18 alkyl glucosides and (c2) esters of succinic acid are used. 34. The dispersion according to claim 23, wherein mixtures of (c1) C6-C18 alkyl glucosides and (c2) phosphoric acid esters and fatty alcohols comprising from 8 to 10 carbon atoms are used. 35. The dispersion according to claim 23, wherein mixtures of (c1) coco-glucoside and (c2) disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate are used. 36. A cosmetic composition comprising
(A) a concentrated aqueous polymer dispersion according to claim 23; (B) a cosmetically acceptable carrier; and optionally (C) ethanol. 37. A method comprising incorporating the cosmetic composition according to claim 36 into aqueous environment/media/formulations, 38. A method comprising incorporating the cosmetic composition according to claim 36 in aqueous spray formulations. 39. A method comprising incorporating the cosmetic composition according to claim 36 into a formulation, and improving the sun protection factor (SPF) of the formulation. 40. A method comprising incorporating the cosmetic composition according to claim 36 into a sunscreen, and increasing the amount of UV filters in the sunscreen. 41. A method comprising incorporating the cosmetic composition according to claim 36 into a formulation, and improving the water resistance of the formulation. 42. A method comprising incorporating the aqueous polymer dispersion according to claim 23 into a cosmetic composition, and preventing pollen from attaching to the skin in the cosmetic composition. 3. A method comprising incorporating the aqueous polymer dispersion according to claim 23 into a cosmetic composition, and avoiding damage on the skin caused by UV light in the cosmetic composition. 44. A method comprising incorporating the aqueous polymer dispersion according to claim 23 into a cosmetic composition, and reducing particle adhesiveness on the skin in the cosmetic composition. | An aqueous polymer dispersion with an average particle size of less than 1000 nm comprising a) a polymer carrier prepared by heterophase radical polymerization of at least one ethyleni-cally unsaturated monomer in the presence of b) an oil-soluble organic UV absorber selected from the class of p-aminobenzoic acid derivatives; salicylic acid derivatives; benzophenone derivatives; diphenyl acrylate derivatives; benzofuran derivatives; polymeric UV absorbers, comprising one or more organosilicon radicals; cinnamic acid derivatives; camphor derivatives; s-triazine derivatives; trianilino-striazine derivatives; menthyl anthranilates; and benzotriazole derivatives; wherein the weight ratio of the oil-soluble organic UV absorber (b) to polymer carrier (a) is greater than 50 parts UV absorber per 100 parts of carrier; and c) a surfactant selected from c1) a nonionic surfactant selected from c11) the condensation product of a C6 to C18 fatty alcohol or C6 to C18 fatty acid and a mono- or disaccharide; and c2) an anionic surfactant selected from c21) sulfosuccinates and sulfosuccinamates; c22) fatty alcoholates; and c23) mixtures of phosphoric acid esters and fatty alcohols having from 6 to 18, preferably from 8 to 10, carbon atoms. The aqueous polymer dispersions show unexpectedly high sunscreen effects and a positive skin feeling. They have excellent anti-pollen, ant-dust and anti-oxidant performances in sun screen compositions.1.-22. (canceled) 23. An aqueous polymer dispersion with an average particle size of less than 1000 nm comprising
a) a polymer carrier prepared by heterophase radical polymerization of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of b) an oil-soluble organic UV absorber selected from the group consisting of of p-aminobenzoic acid derivatives; salicylic acid derivatives; benzophenone derivatives; diphenyl acrylate derivatives; benzofuran derivatives; polymeric UV absorbers, comprising one or more organosilicon radicals; cinnamic acid derivatives; camphor derivatives; s-triazine derivatives; trianilino-s-triazine derivatives; menthyl anthranilates; and benzotriazole derivatives; 24. The dispersion according to claim 23, wherein the average particle size of the concentrated aqueous polymer dispersion is less than 500 nm. 25. The dispersion according to claim 23, wherein the concentration of the polymer carrier with oil-soluble organic UV absorber (b) in the dispersion is from 20% to 60% b.w. 26. The dispersion according to claim 23 wherein the ethylenically unsaturated monomer is selected from the group consisting of C1-C18 acrylates, C1-C18 methacrylates, acrylic acid, (meth)acrylic acid, styrene, vinyltoluene, hydroxy-functional acrylates or (meth)acrylates, acrylates or (meth)acrylates derived from alkoxylated alcohols and multifunctional acrylates or (meth)acrylates, and mixtures thereof. 27. The dispersion according to claim 23 wherein the oil soluble UV absorber (b) corresponds to the compound of formula 28. The dispersion according to claim 23, wherein (c11) is selected from the group consisting of lauryl glucoside, coco-glucoside, sucrose polystearate and decyl glucoside. 29. The dispersion according to claim 23, wherein c21) is selected from esters of succinic acid. 30. The dispersion according to claim 23, wherein c21) is lauryl sulfosuccinate, cetyl sulfosuccinate, stearyl sulfosuccinate, or mixtures thereof. 31. The dispersion according to claim 23, wherein (c22) is sodium cetearyl sulfate. 32. The dispersion according to claim 23, wherein mixtures of nonionic surfactants c1) and anionic surfactants c2) are used. 33. The dispersion according to claim 23, wherein mixtures of (c1) C6-C18 alkyl glucosides and (c2) esters of succinic acid are used. 34. The dispersion according to claim 23, wherein mixtures of (c1) C6-C18 alkyl glucosides and (c2) phosphoric acid esters and fatty alcohols comprising from 8 to 10 carbon atoms are used. 35. The dispersion according to claim 23, wherein mixtures of (c1) coco-glucoside and (c2) disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate are used. 36. A cosmetic composition comprising
(A) a concentrated aqueous polymer dispersion according to claim 23; (B) a cosmetically acceptable carrier; and optionally (C) ethanol. 37. A method comprising incorporating the cosmetic composition according to claim 36 into aqueous environment/media/formulations, 38. A method comprising incorporating the cosmetic composition according to claim 36 in aqueous spray formulations. 39. A method comprising incorporating the cosmetic composition according to claim 36 into a formulation, and improving the sun protection factor (SPF) of the formulation. 40. A method comprising incorporating the cosmetic composition according to claim 36 into a sunscreen, and increasing the amount of UV filters in the sunscreen. 41. A method comprising incorporating the cosmetic composition according to claim 36 into a formulation, and improving the water resistance of the formulation. 42. A method comprising incorporating the aqueous polymer dispersion according to claim 23 into a cosmetic composition, and preventing pollen from attaching to the skin in the cosmetic composition. 3. A method comprising incorporating the aqueous polymer dispersion according to claim 23 into a cosmetic composition, and avoiding damage on the skin caused by UV light in the cosmetic composition. 44. A method comprising incorporating the aqueous polymer dispersion according to claim 23 into a cosmetic composition, and reducing particle adhesiveness on the skin in the cosmetic composition. | 1,700 |
345,106 | 16,642,987 | 1,747 | An improved diet cola beverage comprises ethyl benzoate (and/or methyl benzoate, propyl benzoate or benzyl benzoate). An improved diet cola beverage comprises an extract of the coca leaf. Such improved beverages can additionally comprise an artificial sweetener. The extract of coca leaf plant may be decocainized, and provided in either liquid or powder form. The ratio of diet cola beverage product and the extract of the coca leaf plant can be combined at a ratio by weight of approximately 22:1 to 44:1. | 1. A diet cola beverage product with an improved taste, comprising ethyl benzoate. 2-6. (canceled) 7. The diet cola beverage product of claim 1, further comprising one or more ingredients selected from trans-cinnamic acid, ethyl cinnamate, ethyl vanillate, eudesmic acid, or a combination thereof. 8. (canceled) 9. A diet cola syrup with an improved taste, comprising:
a diet cola syrup; and ethyl benzoate. 10-13. (canceled) 14. The diet cola syrup of claim 9, further comprising one or more ingredients selected from trans-cinnamic acid, ethyl cinnamate, ethyl vanillate, eudesmic acid, or a combination thereof. 15. (canceled) 16. A method for improving the taste of a diet cola beverage product comprising adding ethyl benzoate to the diet cola beverage product. 17. A method for improving the taste of a diet cola syrup comprising adding ethyl benzoate to the diet cola syrup. 18. (canceled) | An improved diet cola beverage comprises ethyl benzoate (and/or methyl benzoate, propyl benzoate or benzyl benzoate). An improved diet cola beverage comprises an extract of the coca leaf. Such improved beverages can additionally comprise an artificial sweetener. The extract of coca leaf plant may be decocainized, and provided in either liquid or powder form. The ratio of diet cola beverage product and the extract of the coca leaf plant can be combined at a ratio by weight of approximately 22:1 to 44:1.1. A diet cola beverage product with an improved taste, comprising ethyl benzoate. 2-6. (canceled) 7. The diet cola beverage product of claim 1, further comprising one or more ingredients selected from trans-cinnamic acid, ethyl cinnamate, ethyl vanillate, eudesmic acid, or a combination thereof. 8. (canceled) 9. A diet cola syrup with an improved taste, comprising:
a diet cola syrup; and ethyl benzoate. 10-13. (canceled) 14. The diet cola syrup of claim 9, further comprising one or more ingredients selected from trans-cinnamic acid, ethyl cinnamate, ethyl vanillate, eudesmic acid, or a combination thereof. 15. (canceled) 16. A method for improving the taste of a diet cola beverage product comprising adding ethyl benzoate to the diet cola beverage product. 17. A method for improving the taste of a diet cola syrup comprising adding ethyl benzoate to the diet cola syrup. 18. (canceled) | 1,700 |
345,107 | 16,643,006 | 1,747 | Provided herein are compositions and pharmaceutical compositions comprising α-terpinolene, terpinen-4-ol, and α-terpineol. Also provided herein are methods of using such compositions. | 1. A composition comprising:
α-terpinolene; terpinen-4-ol; and α-terpineol; wherein the molar ratio of α-terpinolene:terpinen-4-ol:α-terpineol is about 1:(about 2.15 to about 3.65):(about 0.22 to about 0.65). 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of α-terpinolene:terpinen-4-ol:α-terpineol is about 1:(about 2.35 to about 3.25):(about 0.27 to about 0.52). 3. The composition of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the molar ratio of α-terpinolene:terpinen-4-ol:α-terpineol is about 1:(about 2.5 to about 2.85):(about 0.32 to about 0.45). 4. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the composition comprises about 17 to about 25 AGC% α-terpinolene. 5. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the composition comprises about 19.6 AGC% α-terpinolene. 6. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the composition comprises about 45 to about 58 AGC% terpinen-4-ol. 7. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the composition comprises about 52.5 AGC% terpinen-4-ol. 8. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the composition comprises about 2.0 to about 11 AGC% α-terpineol. 9. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the composition comprises about 9.2 AGC% α-terpineol. 10. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the composition comprises about 0.5 to about 2.5 AGC% 1,8-cineole. 11. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the composition comprises about 1.8 AGC% 1,8-cineole. 12. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the composition comprises about 0.5 to about 2.5 AGC% γ-terpinene. 13. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the composition comprises about 2.2 AGC% γ-terpinene. 14. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the composition comprises α-pinene up to about 1.7 AGC%. 15. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the composition comprises about 1.6 AGC% α-pinene. 16. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the composition comprises sabinene up to about 0.2 AGC%. 17. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the composition comprises sabinene up to about 0.01 AGC%. 18. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the composition comprises α-terpinene up to about 0.2 AGC%. 19. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the composition comprises α-terpinene up to about 0.01 AGC%. 20. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the composition comprises limonene up to about 0.2 AGC%. 21. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the composition comprises limonene up to about 0.01 AGC%. 22. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the composition comprises p-cymene up to about 0.2 AGC%. 23. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein the composition comprises p-cymene up to about 0.01 AGC%. 24. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the composition comprises aromadendren up to about 0.5 AGC%. 25. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 24, wherein the composition comprises aromadendren up to about 0.01 AGC%. 26. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 25, wherein the composition comprises ledene up to about 0.5 AGC%. 27. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 26, wherein the composition comprises ledene up to about 0.01 AGC%. 28. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 27, wherein the composition comprises δ-cadinene up to about 0.5 AGC%. 29. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 28, wherein the composition comprises δ-cadinene up to about 0.01 AGC%. 30. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 29, wherein the composition comprises globulol up to about 0.5 AGC%. 31. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 30, wherein the composition comprises globulol up to about 0.01 AGC%. 32. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 31, wherein the composition comprises virdiflorol up to about 0.5 AGC%. 33. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 32, wherein the composition comprises virdiflorol up to about 0.01 AGC%. 34. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 33, wherein the composition comprises about 17 to about 25 AGC% α-terpinolene, about 45 to about 58 AGC% terpinen-4-ol, about 2.0 to about 11 AGC% α-terpineol, about 0.5 to about 2.5 AGC% 1,8-cineole, or about 0.5 to about 2.5 AGC% γ-terpinene. 35. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 34, wherein the composition comprises about 17 to about 25 AGC% α-terpinolene, about 45 to about 58 AGC% terpinen-4-ol, and about 2.0 to about 11 AGC% α-terpineol. 36. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 35, wherein the composition comprises about 17 to about 25 AGC% α-terpinolene, about 45 to about 58 AGC% terpinen-4-ol, about 2.0 to about 11 AGC% α-terpineol, about 0.5 to about 2.5 AGC% 1,8-cineole, and about 0.5 to about 2.5 AGC% γ-terpinene. 37. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 36, wherein the composition further comprises at least one of:
α-pinene up to about 1.7 AGC%;
sabinene up to about 0.2 AGC%;
α-terpinene up to about 0.2 AGC%;
limonene up to about 0.2 AGC%;
p-cymene up to about 0.2 AGC%;
aromadendrene up to about 0.5 AGC%;
ledene up to about 0.5 AGC%;
δ-cadinene up to about 0.5 AGC%;
globulol up to about 0.5 AGC%; or
virdiflorol up to about 0.5 AGC%. 38. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 37, wherein the composition comprises:
about 17 to about 25 AGC% α-terpinolene;
about 45 to about 58 AGC% terpinen-4-ol;
about 2.0 to about 11 AGC% α-terpineol;
about 0.5 to about 2.5 AGC% 1,8-cineole;
about 0.5 to about 2.5 AGC% γ-terpinene;
α-pinene up to about 1.7 AGC%;
sabinene up to about 0.2 AGC%;
α-terpinene up to about 0.2 AGC%;
limonene up to about 0.2 AGC%;
p-cymene up to about 0.2 AGC%;
aromadendrene up to about 0.5 AGC%;
ledene up to about 0.5 AGC%;
δ-cadinene up to about 0.5 AGC%;
globulol up to about 0.5 AGC%; and
virdiflorol up to about 0.5 AGC%. 39. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 38, wherein the α-terpinolene and terpinen-4-ol together are at least about 62 AGC% of the composition. 40. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 39, wherein the α-terpinolene and terpinen-4-ol together are at least about 72 AGC% of the composition. 41. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 40, wherein the α-terpinolene and terpinen-4-ol together are about 72 to about 83 AGC% of the composition. 42. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 39, wherein the α-terpinolene and terpinen-4-ol together are about 62 to about 83 AGC% of the composition. 43. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 39, wherein the α-terpinolene and terpinen-4-ol together are about 70 to about 75 AGC% of the composition. 44. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 43, wherein the α-terpinolene, terpinen-4-ol, and α-terpineol together are at least about 62.5 AGC% of the composition. 45. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 44, wherein the α-terpinolene, terpinen-4-ol, and α-terpineol together are at least about 78 AGC% of the composition. 46. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 45, wherein the α-terpinolene, terpinen-4-ol, and α-terpineol together are about 78 to about 85.5 AGC% of the composition. 47. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 44, wherein the α-terpinolene, terpinen-4-ol, and α-terpineol together are about 62.5 to about 85.5 AGC% of the composition. 48. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 44, wherein the α-terpinolene, terpinen-4-ol, and α-terpineol together are about 75.5 to about 81 AGC% of the composition. 49. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 48, wherein the composition comprises:
about 19.6 AGC% α-terpinolene;
about 52.5 AGC% terpinen-4-ol;
about 9.2 AGC% α-terpineol;
about 1.8 AGC% 1,8-cineole;
about 2.2 AGC% γ-terpinene; and
α-pinene about 1.6 AGC%. 50. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 48, wherein the composition comprises:
about 19.6 AGC% α-terpinolene;
about 52.5 AGC% terpinen-4-ol;
about 9.2 AGC% α-terpineol;
about 1.8 AGC% 1,8-cineole;
about 2.2 AGC% γ-terpinene;
α-pinene about 1.6 AGC%;
sabinene up to about 0.01 AGC%;
α-terpinene up to about 0.01 AGC%;
limonene up to about 0.01 AGC%;
p-cymene up to about 0.01 AGC%;
aromadendrene up to about 0.01 AGC%;
ledene up to about 0.01 AGC%;
δ-cadinene up to about 0.01 AGC%;
globulol up to about 0.01 AGC%; and
virdiflorol up to about 0.01 AGC%. 51. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 50, wherein the composition is a pharmaceutical composition. 52. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 51, wherein the composition further comprises at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. 53. A method of decreasing the rate of mortality in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering the composition of any one of claims 1 to 52 to the subject. 54. A method of decreasing the rate of bacterial infection in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering the composition of any one of claims 1 to 52 to the subject. 55. A method of decreasing the rate of diarrhea in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering the composition of any one of claims 1 to 52 to the subject. 56. A method of decreasing the rate of premature death in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering the composition of any one of claims 1 to 52 to the subject. 57. The method of any one of claims 53 to 56, wherein the subject is a clade. 58. The method of any one of claims 53 to 57, wherein the subject is a clade of livestock. 59. The method of any one of claims 53 to 58, wherein the subject is a livestock. 60. The method of any one of claims 53 to 59, wherein the subject is a human being. 61. A method of treating diarrhea in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering the composition of any one of claims 1 to 52 to the subject. 63. The method of claim 61 or claim 62, wherein the subject is a livestock. 64. The method of claim 61 or claim 62, wherein the subject is a human being. 65. The method of any one of claims 53 to 64, wherein the composition is administered systemically. 66. The method of any one of claims 53 to 65, wherein the composition is administered by enteral administration. 67. The method of any one of claims 53 to 66, wherein the composition is administered by oral administration, gastric feeding tube, duodenal feeding tube, gastrostomy, rectal administration, or vaginal administration. 68. The method of any one of claims 53 to 67, wherein the composition is administered by oral administration. 69. The method of any one of claims 53 to 65, wherein the composition is administered by parenteral administration. 70. The method of any one of claims 53 to 65 and 68, wherein the composition is administered by intramuscular administration, subcutaneous administration, intravenous administration, intradermal administration, intra-arterial administration, or intraosseous administration. 71. The method of any one of claims 53 to 64, wherein the composition is administered topically. 72. The method of any one of claims 53 to 64 and 71, wherein the composition is administered by epicutaneous administration, inhalation, enema, ophthalmic administration, otic administration, or nasal administration. | Provided herein are compositions and pharmaceutical compositions comprising α-terpinolene, terpinen-4-ol, and α-terpineol. Also provided herein are methods of using such compositions.1. A composition comprising:
α-terpinolene; terpinen-4-ol; and α-terpineol; wherein the molar ratio of α-terpinolene:terpinen-4-ol:α-terpineol is about 1:(about 2.15 to about 3.65):(about 0.22 to about 0.65). 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of α-terpinolene:terpinen-4-ol:α-terpineol is about 1:(about 2.35 to about 3.25):(about 0.27 to about 0.52). 3. The composition of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the molar ratio of α-terpinolene:terpinen-4-ol:α-terpineol is about 1:(about 2.5 to about 2.85):(about 0.32 to about 0.45). 4. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the composition comprises about 17 to about 25 AGC% α-terpinolene. 5. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the composition comprises about 19.6 AGC% α-terpinolene. 6. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the composition comprises about 45 to about 58 AGC% terpinen-4-ol. 7. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the composition comprises about 52.5 AGC% terpinen-4-ol. 8. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the composition comprises about 2.0 to about 11 AGC% α-terpineol. 9. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the composition comprises about 9.2 AGC% α-terpineol. 10. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the composition comprises about 0.5 to about 2.5 AGC% 1,8-cineole. 11. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the composition comprises about 1.8 AGC% 1,8-cineole. 12. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the composition comprises about 0.5 to about 2.5 AGC% γ-terpinene. 13. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the composition comprises about 2.2 AGC% γ-terpinene. 14. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the composition comprises α-pinene up to about 1.7 AGC%. 15. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the composition comprises about 1.6 AGC% α-pinene. 16. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the composition comprises sabinene up to about 0.2 AGC%. 17. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the composition comprises sabinene up to about 0.01 AGC%. 18. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the composition comprises α-terpinene up to about 0.2 AGC%. 19. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the composition comprises α-terpinene up to about 0.01 AGC%. 20. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the composition comprises limonene up to about 0.2 AGC%. 21. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the composition comprises limonene up to about 0.01 AGC%. 22. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the composition comprises p-cymene up to about 0.2 AGC%. 23. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein the composition comprises p-cymene up to about 0.01 AGC%. 24. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein the composition comprises aromadendren up to about 0.5 AGC%. 25. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 24, wherein the composition comprises aromadendren up to about 0.01 AGC%. 26. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 25, wherein the composition comprises ledene up to about 0.5 AGC%. 27. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 26, wherein the composition comprises ledene up to about 0.01 AGC%. 28. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 27, wherein the composition comprises δ-cadinene up to about 0.5 AGC%. 29. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 28, wherein the composition comprises δ-cadinene up to about 0.01 AGC%. 30. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 29, wherein the composition comprises globulol up to about 0.5 AGC%. 31. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 30, wherein the composition comprises globulol up to about 0.01 AGC%. 32. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 31, wherein the composition comprises virdiflorol up to about 0.5 AGC%. 33. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 32, wherein the composition comprises virdiflorol up to about 0.01 AGC%. 34. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 33, wherein the composition comprises about 17 to about 25 AGC% α-terpinolene, about 45 to about 58 AGC% terpinen-4-ol, about 2.0 to about 11 AGC% α-terpineol, about 0.5 to about 2.5 AGC% 1,8-cineole, or about 0.5 to about 2.5 AGC% γ-terpinene. 35. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 34, wherein the composition comprises about 17 to about 25 AGC% α-terpinolene, about 45 to about 58 AGC% terpinen-4-ol, and about 2.0 to about 11 AGC% α-terpineol. 36. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 35, wherein the composition comprises about 17 to about 25 AGC% α-terpinolene, about 45 to about 58 AGC% terpinen-4-ol, about 2.0 to about 11 AGC% α-terpineol, about 0.5 to about 2.5 AGC% 1,8-cineole, and about 0.5 to about 2.5 AGC% γ-terpinene. 37. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 36, wherein the composition further comprises at least one of:
α-pinene up to about 1.7 AGC%;
sabinene up to about 0.2 AGC%;
α-terpinene up to about 0.2 AGC%;
limonene up to about 0.2 AGC%;
p-cymene up to about 0.2 AGC%;
aromadendrene up to about 0.5 AGC%;
ledene up to about 0.5 AGC%;
δ-cadinene up to about 0.5 AGC%;
globulol up to about 0.5 AGC%; or
virdiflorol up to about 0.5 AGC%. 38. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 37, wherein the composition comprises:
about 17 to about 25 AGC% α-terpinolene;
about 45 to about 58 AGC% terpinen-4-ol;
about 2.0 to about 11 AGC% α-terpineol;
about 0.5 to about 2.5 AGC% 1,8-cineole;
about 0.5 to about 2.5 AGC% γ-terpinene;
α-pinene up to about 1.7 AGC%;
sabinene up to about 0.2 AGC%;
α-terpinene up to about 0.2 AGC%;
limonene up to about 0.2 AGC%;
p-cymene up to about 0.2 AGC%;
aromadendrene up to about 0.5 AGC%;
ledene up to about 0.5 AGC%;
δ-cadinene up to about 0.5 AGC%;
globulol up to about 0.5 AGC%; and
virdiflorol up to about 0.5 AGC%. 39. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 38, wherein the α-terpinolene and terpinen-4-ol together are at least about 62 AGC% of the composition. 40. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 39, wherein the α-terpinolene and terpinen-4-ol together are at least about 72 AGC% of the composition. 41. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 40, wherein the α-terpinolene and terpinen-4-ol together are about 72 to about 83 AGC% of the composition. 42. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 39, wherein the α-terpinolene and terpinen-4-ol together are about 62 to about 83 AGC% of the composition. 43. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 39, wherein the α-terpinolene and terpinen-4-ol together are about 70 to about 75 AGC% of the composition. 44. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 43, wherein the α-terpinolene, terpinen-4-ol, and α-terpineol together are at least about 62.5 AGC% of the composition. 45. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 44, wherein the α-terpinolene, terpinen-4-ol, and α-terpineol together are at least about 78 AGC% of the composition. 46. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 45, wherein the α-terpinolene, terpinen-4-ol, and α-terpineol together are about 78 to about 85.5 AGC% of the composition. 47. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 44, wherein the α-terpinolene, terpinen-4-ol, and α-terpineol together are about 62.5 to about 85.5 AGC% of the composition. 48. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 44, wherein the α-terpinolene, terpinen-4-ol, and α-terpineol together are about 75.5 to about 81 AGC% of the composition. 49. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 48, wherein the composition comprises:
about 19.6 AGC% α-terpinolene;
about 52.5 AGC% terpinen-4-ol;
about 9.2 AGC% α-terpineol;
about 1.8 AGC% 1,8-cineole;
about 2.2 AGC% γ-terpinene; and
α-pinene about 1.6 AGC%. 50. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 48, wherein the composition comprises:
about 19.6 AGC% α-terpinolene;
about 52.5 AGC% terpinen-4-ol;
about 9.2 AGC% α-terpineol;
about 1.8 AGC% 1,8-cineole;
about 2.2 AGC% γ-terpinene;
α-pinene about 1.6 AGC%;
sabinene up to about 0.01 AGC%;
α-terpinene up to about 0.01 AGC%;
limonene up to about 0.01 AGC%;
p-cymene up to about 0.01 AGC%;
aromadendrene up to about 0.01 AGC%;
ledene up to about 0.01 AGC%;
δ-cadinene up to about 0.01 AGC%;
globulol up to about 0.01 AGC%; and
virdiflorol up to about 0.01 AGC%. 51. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 50, wherein the composition is a pharmaceutical composition. 52. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 51, wherein the composition further comprises at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. 53. A method of decreasing the rate of mortality in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering the composition of any one of claims 1 to 52 to the subject. 54. A method of decreasing the rate of bacterial infection in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering the composition of any one of claims 1 to 52 to the subject. 55. A method of decreasing the rate of diarrhea in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering the composition of any one of claims 1 to 52 to the subject. 56. A method of decreasing the rate of premature death in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering the composition of any one of claims 1 to 52 to the subject. 57. The method of any one of claims 53 to 56, wherein the subject is a clade. 58. The method of any one of claims 53 to 57, wherein the subject is a clade of livestock. 59. The method of any one of claims 53 to 58, wherein the subject is a livestock. 60. The method of any one of claims 53 to 59, wherein the subject is a human being. 61. A method of treating diarrhea in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering the composition of any one of claims 1 to 52 to the subject. 63. The method of claim 61 or claim 62, wherein the subject is a livestock. 64. The method of claim 61 or claim 62, wherein the subject is a human being. 65. The method of any one of claims 53 to 64, wherein the composition is administered systemically. 66. The method of any one of claims 53 to 65, wherein the composition is administered by enteral administration. 67. The method of any one of claims 53 to 66, wherein the composition is administered by oral administration, gastric feeding tube, duodenal feeding tube, gastrostomy, rectal administration, or vaginal administration. 68. The method of any one of claims 53 to 67, wherein the composition is administered by oral administration. 69. The method of any one of claims 53 to 65, wherein the composition is administered by parenteral administration. 70. The method of any one of claims 53 to 65 and 68, wherein the composition is administered by intramuscular administration, subcutaneous administration, intravenous administration, intradermal administration, intra-arterial administration, or intraosseous administration. 71. The method of any one of claims 53 to 64, wherein the composition is administered topically. 72. The method of any one of claims 53 to 64 and 71, wherein the composition is administered by epicutaneous administration, inhalation, enema, ophthalmic administration, otic administration, or nasal administration. | 1,700 |
345,108 | 16,642,996 | 1,622 | The present invention relates to a method for preparing an aliphatic isocyanate capable of suppressing the occurrence of side reactions and the production of by-products. The method for preparing an aliphatic isocyanate comprises a step of reacting a salt of an aliphatic amine with phosgene, wherein the reaction step comprises a first reaction step in which phosgene is primarily added and reacted with the salt of an aliphatic amine salt at a temperature of 80 to 100° C., and a second reaction step in which phosgene is secondarily added and reacted with the resultant product of the first reaction step at a temperature of 120 to 160° C., and wherein the amount of the primarily added phosgene is a certain ratio of the total amount of the phosgene. | 1. A method for preparing an aliphatic isocyanate comprising a step of reacting a salt of aliphatic amine with phosgene,
wherein the reaction step comprises a first reaction step in which phosgene is primarily added and reacted with the salt of an aliphatic amine at a temperature of 80 to 100° C., and a second reaction step in which phosgene is secondarily added and reacted with the resultant product of the first reaction step at a temperature of 120 to 160° C., and wherein the amount of the primarily added phosgene is 10 to 30% by weight of the total amount of the primarily and secondarily added phosgene. 2. The method for preparing an aliphatic isocyanate according to claim 1, wherein the salt of an aliphatic amine includes a hydrochloride or a carbonate of an aliphatic amine in a solid state. 3. The method for preparing an aliphatic isocyanate according to claim 1, further comprising a step of reacting the aliphatic amine with hydrochloric acid or carbonic acid before the first reaction step to form a salt of an aliphatic amine in a solid state. 4. The method for preparing an aliphatic isocyanate according to claim 1, wherein the reaction step is carried out in an organic solvent having a boiling point of 120° C. or higher. 5. The method for preparing an aliphatic isocyanate according to claim 1, wherein the reaction step is carried out in an organic solvent selected from the group consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon-based organic solvent, an ester-based organic solvent and a mixture thereof. 6. The method for preparing an aliphatic isocyanate according to claim 4, wherein the reaction step is carried out by a three-phase reaction of gas-liquid-solid in which a salt of an aliphatic amine in the solid state reacts with a gaseous phosgene in a liquid medium of the organic solvent. 7. The method for preparing an aliphatic isocyanate according to claim 1, wherein a carbamoyl-based intermediate is formed in the first reaction step. 8. The method for preparing an aliphatic isocyanate according to claim 1, wherein the aliphatic amine is xylylene diamine. 9. The method for preparing an aliphatic isocyanate according to claim 1, wherein the reaction step is carried out in a reaction apparatus comprising: a reactor having a rotation axis; a reactant supply unit connected to the inside of the reactor; a heat source for supplying heat to the reactor; and a product collecting unit for collecting reactants produced in the reactor. | The present invention relates to a method for preparing an aliphatic isocyanate capable of suppressing the occurrence of side reactions and the production of by-products. The method for preparing an aliphatic isocyanate comprises a step of reacting a salt of an aliphatic amine with phosgene, wherein the reaction step comprises a first reaction step in which phosgene is primarily added and reacted with the salt of an aliphatic amine salt at a temperature of 80 to 100° C., and a second reaction step in which phosgene is secondarily added and reacted with the resultant product of the first reaction step at a temperature of 120 to 160° C., and wherein the amount of the primarily added phosgene is a certain ratio of the total amount of the phosgene.1. A method for preparing an aliphatic isocyanate comprising a step of reacting a salt of aliphatic amine with phosgene,
wherein the reaction step comprises a first reaction step in which phosgene is primarily added and reacted with the salt of an aliphatic amine at a temperature of 80 to 100° C., and a second reaction step in which phosgene is secondarily added and reacted with the resultant product of the first reaction step at a temperature of 120 to 160° C., and wherein the amount of the primarily added phosgene is 10 to 30% by weight of the total amount of the primarily and secondarily added phosgene. 2. The method for preparing an aliphatic isocyanate according to claim 1, wherein the salt of an aliphatic amine includes a hydrochloride or a carbonate of an aliphatic amine in a solid state. 3. The method for preparing an aliphatic isocyanate according to claim 1, further comprising a step of reacting the aliphatic amine with hydrochloric acid or carbonic acid before the first reaction step to form a salt of an aliphatic amine in a solid state. 4. The method for preparing an aliphatic isocyanate according to claim 1, wherein the reaction step is carried out in an organic solvent having a boiling point of 120° C. or higher. 5. The method for preparing an aliphatic isocyanate according to claim 1, wherein the reaction step is carried out in an organic solvent selected from the group consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon-based organic solvent, an ester-based organic solvent and a mixture thereof. 6. The method for preparing an aliphatic isocyanate according to claim 4, wherein the reaction step is carried out by a three-phase reaction of gas-liquid-solid in which a salt of an aliphatic amine in the solid state reacts with a gaseous phosgene in a liquid medium of the organic solvent. 7. The method for preparing an aliphatic isocyanate according to claim 1, wherein a carbamoyl-based intermediate is formed in the first reaction step. 8. The method for preparing an aliphatic isocyanate according to claim 1, wherein the aliphatic amine is xylylene diamine. 9. The method for preparing an aliphatic isocyanate according to claim 1, wherein the reaction step is carried out in a reaction apparatus comprising: a reactor having a rotation axis; a reactant supply unit connected to the inside of the reactor; a heat source for supplying heat to the reactor; and a product collecting unit for collecting reactants produced in the reactor. | 1,600 |
345,109 | 16,643,039 | 2,844 | Provided is a transmission apparatus for a WiFi circuit of a terminal device including a printed circuit board, a WiFi chip and an antenna, and the transmission apparatus includes: a transmission element embedded onto the printed circuit board and forming a closed path; a first transition element connected between the transmission element and the WiFi chip so that the transmission element and the WiFi chip have impedance continuity; and a second transition element connected between the transmission element and the antenna so that the transmission element and the antenna have impedance continuity, wherein the transmission element is provided with two rows of metal via holes cut through in a thickness direction of the transmission element so that a channel for transmission of millimeter wave signal is formed between the two rows of metal via holes. In addition, the disclosure also provides a preparing method of the transmission apparatus. | 1. A transmission apparatus for a Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) circuit of a terminal device, the WiFi circuit of the terminal device comprising a printed circuit board, a WiFi chip and an antenna, and the transmission apparatus comprising: a transmission element, a first transition element, and a second transition element, wherein
the transmission element is embedded on the printed circuit board and forms a closed path, the first transition element is connected between the transmission element and the WiFi chip so that the transmission element and the WiFi chip have impedance continuity, and the second transition element is connected between the transmission element and the antenna so that the transmission element and the antenna have impedance continuity, wherein the transmission element is provided with two rows of metal via holes cut through in a thickness direction of the transmission element so that a channel for transmission of millimeter wave signal is formed between the two rows of metal via holes. 2. The transmission apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the transmission element comprises:
a dielectric layer; an upper metal layer arranged on an upper surface of the dielectric layer; and a lower metal layer arranged on a lower surface of the dielectric layer, wherein the metal via holes penetrate through the upper metal layer, the dielectric layer and the lower metal layer from top to bottom in sequence. 3. The transmission apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first transition element and the second transition element are microstrip lines respectively connected to two ends of the transmission element. 4. The transmission apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the first transition element has an end connected to the WiFi chip having a size adapted to a size of a signal transceiver pin of the WiFi chip. 5. The transmission apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the second transition element has a shape and a size determined according to impedance of the antenna. 6. The transmission apparatus according to claims 1, wherein a spacing W between the two rows of metal via holes satisfies: 1λ≤W≤2λ,
where λ is a wavelength of the millimeter wave. 7. The transmission apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a spacing S between adjacent metal via holes in each row of metal via holes satisfies: S≤0.4λ. 8. The transmission apparatus according to claim 7, wherein a diameter or side length d of each of the metal via holes satisfies: d<0.2λ. 9. The transmission apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the WiFi chip satisfies an 802.11ad standard, and the millimeter wave has a millimeter wave frequency band under the 802.11ad standard. 10. A preparing method of a transmission apparatus for a Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) circuit of a terminal device, the WiFi circuit of the terminal device comprising a printed circuit board, a WiFi chip and an antenna, and the method comprising:
embedding a transmission element that forms a closed path on the printed circuit board; connecting the transmission element with the WiFi chip through a first transition element; and connecting the transmission element with the antenna through a second transition element, wherein the transmission element is provided with two rows of metal via holes cut through in a thickness direction of the transmission element so that a channel for transmission of millimeter wave signal is formed between the two rows of metal via holes. 11. The preparing method according to claim 10, wherein a spacing W between the two rows of metal via holes satisfies: 1λ≤W≤2λ,
a spacing S between adjacent metal via holes in each row of metal via holes satisfies: S≤0.4λ, and
a diameter or side length d of each of the metal via holes satisfies: d<0.2λ,
where λ is a wavelength of the millimeter wave. 12. The preparing method according to claim 10, wherein the WiFi chip satisfies an 802.11ad standard, and the millimeter wave has a millimeter wave frequency band under the 802.11ad standard. | Provided is a transmission apparatus for a WiFi circuit of a terminal device including a printed circuit board, a WiFi chip and an antenna, and the transmission apparatus includes: a transmission element embedded onto the printed circuit board and forming a closed path; a first transition element connected between the transmission element and the WiFi chip so that the transmission element and the WiFi chip have impedance continuity; and a second transition element connected between the transmission element and the antenna so that the transmission element and the antenna have impedance continuity, wherein the transmission element is provided with two rows of metal via holes cut through in a thickness direction of the transmission element so that a channel for transmission of millimeter wave signal is formed between the two rows of metal via holes. In addition, the disclosure also provides a preparing method of the transmission apparatus.1. A transmission apparatus for a Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) circuit of a terminal device, the WiFi circuit of the terminal device comprising a printed circuit board, a WiFi chip and an antenna, and the transmission apparatus comprising: a transmission element, a first transition element, and a second transition element, wherein
the transmission element is embedded on the printed circuit board and forms a closed path, the first transition element is connected between the transmission element and the WiFi chip so that the transmission element and the WiFi chip have impedance continuity, and the second transition element is connected between the transmission element and the antenna so that the transmission element and the antenna have impedance continuity, wherein the transmission element is provided with two rows of metal via holes cut through in a thickness direction of the transmission element so that a channel for transmission of millimeter wave signal is formed between the two rows of metal via holes. 2. The transmission apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the transmission element comprises:
a dielectric layer; an upper metal layer arranged on an upper surface of the dielectric layer; and a lower metal layer arranged on a lower surface of the dielectric layer, wherein the metal via holes penetrate through the upper metal layer, the dielectric layer and the lower metal layer from top to bottom in sequence. 3. The transmission apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first transition element and the second transition element are microstrip lines respectively connected to two ends of the transmission element. 4. The transmission apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the first transition element has an end connected to the WiFi chip having a size adapted to a size of a signal transceiver pin of the WiFi chip. 5. The transmission apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the second transition element has a shape and a size determined according to impedance of the antenna. 6. The transmission apparatus according to claims 1, wherein a spacing W between the two rows of metal via holes satisfies: 1λ≤W≤2λ,
where λ is a wavelength of the millimeter wave. 7. The transmission apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a spacing S between adjacent metal via holes in each row of metal via holes satisfies: S≤0.4λ. 8. The transmission apparatus according to claim 7, wherein a diameter or side length d of each of the metal via holes satisfies: d<0.2λ. 9. The transmission apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the WiFi chip satisfies an 802.11ad standard, and the millimeter wave has a millimeter wave frequency band under the 802.11ad standard. 10. A preparing method of a transmission apparatus for a Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) circuit of a terminal device, the WiFi circuit of the terminal device comprising a printed circuit board, a WiFi chip and an antenna, and the method comprising:
embedding a transmission element that forms a closed path on the printed circuit board; connecting the transmission element with the WiFi chip through a first transition element; and connecting the transmission element with the antenna through a second transition element, wherein the transmission element is provided with two rows of metal via holes cut through in a thickness direction of the transmission element so that a channel for transmission of millimeter wave signal is formed between the two rows of metal via holes. 11. The preparing method according to claim 10, wherein a spacing W between the two rows of metal via holes satisfies: 1λ≤W≤2λ,
a spacing S between adjacent metal via holes in each row of metal via holes satisfies: S≤0.4λ, and
a diameter or side length d of each of the metal via holes satisfies: d<0.2λ,
where λ is a wavelength of the millimeter wave. 12. The preparing method according to claim 10, wherein the WiFi chip satisfies an 802.11ad standard, and the millimeter wave has a millimeter wave frequency band under the 802.11ad standard. | 2,800 |
345,110 | 16,643,012 | 2,844 | Exemplary systems and methods associated with pressure management system for a user of a wheelchair. The systems and methods utilize an apparatus attached directly to the user for detecting and transmitting the inertial movement of the user. Various methods of generating pressure relief data and information associated with pressure points/pressure point relief of the user based on the actual movements of the user are disclosed. | 1. An apparatus for detecting and transmitting inertial movement of a user of a wheelchair, the apparatus comprising:
at least one movement sensor configured to be attached to the user while the user is supported by the wheelchair, wherein the movement sensor detects inertial movement of the user and generates movement data; and a wireless interface device in operative communication with the at least one movement sensor, wherein the wireless interface device transmits the movement data wirelessly to a receiver associated with the apparatus. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one movement sensor comprises at least one of a gyro and an accelerometer. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the movement data comprises side-to-side and front-to-back movement of the user in the wheelchair. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one movement sensor is attached to the torso of the user. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one movement sensor comprises a plurality of movement sensors attached to the user at a plurality of locations. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein wireless interface device transmits the movement data to the receiver using a Bluetooth protocol. 7. A pressure management system for a user of a wheelchair, the system comprising:
a user monitoring apparatus, comprising:
at least one movement sensor configured to be attached to the user while the user is supported by the wheelchair, wherein the movement sensor detects inertial movement of the user and generates movement data; and
a first wireless interface device in operative communication with the at least one movement sensor, wherein the first wireless interface device transmits the movement data wirelessly to another wireless interface associated with the apparatus;
a local device, comprising:
a second wireless interface device, wherein the second wireless interface device receives the movement data wirelessly from the first wireless interface;
a processor for processing the movement data, wherein the movement data is processed to generate pressure relief data based on the inertial movement of the user; and
a notification device for communicating pressure relief information based on the pressure relief data. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the local device further comprises a memory comprising logic for generating the pressure relief data based on the inertial movement of the user, and wherein the pressure relief data comprises an indication of pressure relief associated with at least one pressure point of the user. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the inertial movement of the user comprises a plurality of movements detected by one movement sensor. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the inertial movement of the user comprises a plurality of movements detected by a plurality of movement sensors. 11. The system of claim 8, further comprising logic for generating pressure relief information based on the pressure relief data, and wherein the pressure relief information comprises an instruction for user movement. 12. The system of claim 8, further comprising logic for generating pressure relief information based on the pressure relief data, and wherein the pressure relief information comprises an indication of sufficient user movement. 13. The system of claim 7, further comprising a remote device in communication with the local device, wherein the local device communicates at least one of the movement data and the pressure relief data to the remote device. 14. A method of generating pressure management information associated with a user of a wheelchair, comprising:
receiving movement data indicative of the inertial movement of the user in the wheelchair using a wireless interface; generating pressure relief data based on the movement data; generating pressure relief information based on the pressure relief data; and communicating the pressure relief information using a notification device. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
detecting the inertial movement of the user in the wheelchair using at least one movement sensor configured to be attached to the user while the user is supported by the wheelchair; generating the movement data indicative of the inertial movement of the user in the wheelchair; and transmitting the movement data to a local device. 16. The method of claim 14, wherein generating pressure relief data comprises determining a pressure relief associated with at least one pressure point of the user. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein determining the pressure relief associated with at least one pressure point of the user comprises combining movement data associated with a plurality of movements detected by one movement sensor. 18. The method of claim 16, wherein determining the pressure relief associated with at least one pressure point of the user comprises combining movement data associated with a plurality of movements detected by a plurality of movement sensors. 19. The method of claim 14, wherein communicating the pressure relief information comprises communicating an instruction for user movement or an indication of sufficient user movement. 20. The method of claim 14, further comprising communicating at least one of the movement data and the pressure relief data to a remote device. | Exemplary systems and methods associated with pressure management system for a user of a wheelchair. The systems and methods utilize an apparatus attached directly to the user for detecting and transmitting the inertial movement of the user. Various methods of generating pressure relief data and information associated with pressure points/pressure point relief of the user based on the actual movements of the user are disclosed.1. An apparatus for detecting and transmitting inertial movement of a user of a wheelchair, the apparatus comprising:
at least one movement sensor configured to be attached to the user while the user is supported by the wheelchair, wherein the movement sensor detects inertial movement of the user and generates movement data; and a wireless interface device in operative communication with the at least one movement sensor, wherein the wireless interface device transmits the movement data wirelessly to a receiver associated with the apparatus. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one movement sensor comprises at least one of a gyro and an accelerometer. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the movement data comprises side-to-side and front-to-back movement of the user in the wheelchair. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one movement sensor is attached to the torso of the user. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one movement sensor comprises a plurality of movement sensors attached to the user at a plurality of locations. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein wireless interface device transmits the movement data to the receiver using a Bluetooth protocol. 7. A pressure management system for a user of a wheelchair, the system comprising:
a user monitoring apparatus, comprising:
at least one movement sensor configured to be attached to the user while the user is supported by the wheelchair, wherein the movement sensor detects inertial movement of the user and generates movement data; and
a first wireless interface device in operative communication with the at least one movement sensor, wherein the first wireless interface device transmits the movement data wirelessly to another wireless interface associated with the apparatus;
a local device, comprising:
a second wireless interface device, wherein the second wireless interface device receives the movement data wirelessly from the first wireless interface;
a processor for processing the movement data, wherein the movement data is processed to generate pressure relief data based on the inertial movement of the user; and
a notification device for communicating pressure relief information based on the pressure relief data. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the local device further comprises a memory comprising logic for generating the pressure relief data based on the inertial movement of the user, and wherein the pressure relief data comprises an indication of pressure relief associated with at least one pressure point of the user. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the inertial movement of the user comprises a plurality of movements detected by one movement sensor. 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the inertial movement of the user comprises a plurality of movements detected by a plurality of movement sensors. 11. The system of claim 8, further comprising logic for generating pressure relief information based on the pressure relief data, and wherein the pressure relief information comprises an instruction for user movement. 12. The system of claim 8, further comprising logic for generating pressure relief information based on the pressure relief data, and wherein the pressure relief information comprises an indication of sufficient user movement. 13. The system of claim 7, further comprising a remote device in communication with the local device, wherein the local device communicates at least one of the movement data and the pressure relief data to the remote device. 14. A method of generating pressure management information associated with a user of a wheelchair, comprising:
receiving movement data indicative of the inertial movement of the user in the wheelchair using a wireless interface; generating pressure relief data based on the movement data; generating pressure relief information based on the pressure relief data; and communicating the pressure relief information using a notification device. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
detecting the inertial movement of the user in the wheelchair using at least one movement sensor configured to be attached to the user while the user is supported by the wheelchair; generating the movement data indicative of the inertial movement of the user in the wheelchair; and transmitting the movement data to a local device. 16. The method of claim 14, wherein generating pressure relief data comprises determining a pressure relief associated with at least one pressure point of the user. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein determining the pressure relief associated with at least one pressure point of the user comprises combining movement data associated with a plurality of movements detected by one movement sensor. 18. The method of claim 16, wherein determining the pressure relief associated with at least one pressure point of the user comprises combining movement data associated with a plurality of movements detected by a plurality of movement sensors. 19. The method of claim 14, wherein communicating the pressure relief information comprises communicating an instruction for user movement or an indication of sufficient user movement. 20. The method of claim 14, further comprising communicating at least one of the movement data and the pressure relief data to a remote device. | 2,800 |
345,111 | 16,643,035 | 1,747 | The invention relates to a reconstituted plant leaf comprising plant fibres and a plant extract other than the tobacco plant suitable for devices that heat tobacco without burning it. | 1. Reconstituted plant leaf comprising:
a fibrous substrate comprising plant fibres, and an aerosol-generating agent, 2. Reconstituted plant leaf according to claim 1, in which the aerosol-generating agent is sorbitol, glycerol, propylene glycol, triethylene glycol, lactic acid, glyceryl diacetate, glyceryl triacetate, triethyl citrate, isopropyl myristate or a mixture thereof. 3. Reconstituted plant leaf according to claim 1, in which the fibrous substrate comprises an extract selected from a plant extract, a tobacco extract or a mixture thereof. 4. Reconstituted plant leaf according to claim 3, in which the total content by weight of dry matter of the extract is below 57%, in particular from 7% to 55% more particularly from 12 to 50%. 5. Reconstituted plant leaf according to claim 1, in which the plant fibres represent from 30% to 92%, in particular from 40% to 75%, more particularly from 50% to 60% by weight of dry matter of the reconstituted plant leaf. 6. Reconstituted plant leaf according to claim 1, further comprising tobacco fibres. 7. Mixed reconstituted leaf comprising:
a fibrous substrate comprising tobacco fibres, an aerosol-generating agent, and plant extract, 8. Mixed reconstituted leaf according to claim 7, further comprising a tobacco extract. 9. Reconstituted plant leaf according to claim 1, in which the plant is selected from spore-producing plants, seed-producing plants or a mixture thereof. 10. Reconstituted plant leaf according to claim 1, having a basis weight from 20 g/m2 to 150 g/m2. 11. Reconstituted plant leaf according to claim 1 further comprising particles selected from plant particles, tobacco particles or a mixture thereof. 12. (canceled) 13. Mixture of reconstituted leaves/tobacco comprising tobacco and at least one leaf selected from the reconstituted plant leaf as defined in claim 1. 14. Papermaking process for making a reconstituted plant leaf as defined in claim 1 comprising the following steps:
passing the plant fibres through a papermaking machine to constitute a plant base web;
incorporating the aerosol-generating agent and optionally the extract in the plant base web. 15. Papermaking process for making a reconstituted plant leaf as defined in claim 6, comprising the following steps:
mixing the tobacco fibres and the plant fibres and then passing them through a papermaking machine to constitute a mixed plant base web, or passing them together through a papermaking machine to constitute a mixed plant base web; incorporating the aerosol-generating agent and optionally the extract in the mixed plant base web. 16. Papermaking process for making a mixed reconstituted leaf as defined in claim 7, comprising the following steps:
passing the tobacco fibres through a papermaking machine to constitute a tobacco base web; incorporating the plant extract, the aerosol-generating agent and optionally the tobacco extract in the tobacco base web to produce the mixed reconstituted leaf according to the invention. 17. (canceled) 18. Mixed reconstituted leaf according to claim 7, in which the plant is selected from spore-producing plants, seed-producing plants, or a mixture thereof. 19. Mixed reconstituted leaf according to claim 7, having a basis weight of from 20 g/m2 to 150 g/m2. 20. A blend of reconstituted leaves comprising the reconstituted plant leaf as defined in claim 1 combined with a mixed reconstituted leaf comprising:
a fibrous substrate comprising tobacco fibres,
an aerosol-generating agent, and
plant extract, | The invention relates to a reconstituted plant leaf comprising plant fibres and a plant extract other than the tobacco plant suitable for devices that heat tobacco without burning it.1. Reconstituted plant leaf comprising:
a fibrous substrate comprising plant fibres, and an aerosol-generating agent, 2. Reconstituted plant leaf according to claim 1, in which the aerosol-generating agent is sorbitol, glycerol, propylene glycol, triethylene glycol, lactic acid, glyceryl diacetate, glyceryl triacetate, triethyl citrate, isopropyl myristate or a mixture thereof. 3. Reconstituted plant leaf according to claim 1, in which the fibrous substrate comprises an extract selected from a plant extract, a tobacco extract or a mixture thereof. 4. Reconstituted plant leaf according to claim 3, in which the total content by weight of dry matter of the extract is below 57%, in particular from 7% to 55% more particularly from 12 to 50%. 5. Reconstituted plant leaf according to claim 1, in which the plant fibres represent from 30% to 92%, in particular from 40% to 75%, more particularly from 50% to 60% by weight of dry matter of the reconstituted plant leaf. 6. Reconstituted plant leaf according to claim 1, further comprising tobacco fibres. 7. Mixed reconstituted leaf comprising:
a fibrous substrate comprising tobacco fibres, an aerosol-generating agent, and plant extract, 8. Mixed reconstituted leaf according to claim 7, further comprising a tobacco extract. 9. Reconstituted plant leaf according to claim 1, in which the plant is selected from spore-producing plants, seed-producing plants or a mixture thereof. 10. Reconstituted plant leaf according to claim 1, having a basis weight from 20 g/m2 to 150 g/m2. 11. Reconstituted plant leaf according to claim 1 further comprising particles selected from plant particles, tobacco particles or a mixture thereof. 12. (canceled) 13. Mixture of reconstituted leaves/tobacco comprising tobacco and at least one leaf selected from the reconstituted plant leaf as defined in claim 1. 14. Papermaking process for making a reconstituted plant leaf as defined in claim 1 comprising the following steps:
passing the plant fibres through a papermaking machine to constitute a plant base web;
incorporating the aerosol-generating agent and optionally the extract in the plant base web. 15. Papermaking process for making a reconstituted plant leaf as defined in claim 6, comprising the following steps:
mixing the tobacco fibres and the plant fibres and then passing them through a papermaking machine to constitute a mixed plant base web, or passing them together through a papermaking machine to constitute a mixed plant base web; incorporating the aerosol-generating agent and optionally the extract in the mixed plant base web. 16. Papermaking process for making a mixed reconstituted leaf as defined in claim 7, comprising the following steps:
passing the tobacco fibres through a papermaking machine to constitute a tobacco base web; incorporating the plant extract, the aerosol-generating agent and optionally the tobacco extract in the tobacco base web to produce the mixed reconstituted leaf according to the invention. 17. (canceled) 18. Mixed reconstituted leaf according to claim 7, in which the plant is selected from spore-producing plants, seed-producing plants, or a mixture thereof. 19. Mixed reconstituted leaf according to claim 7, having a basis weight of from 20 g/m2 to 150 g/m2. 20. A blend of reconstituted leaves comprising the reconstituted plant leaf as defined in claim 1 combined with a mixed reconstituted leaf comprising:
a fibrous substrate comprising tobacco fibres,
an aerosol-generating agent, and
plant extract, | 1,700 |
345,112 | 16,643,002 | 1,747 | Various aspects of the disclosure relate to a tracheal implant comprising (a) a trachea processed to comprise one or more incisions providing a helical configuration to the processed trachea; and (b) a subject-specific synthetic support. | 1. A tracheal implant, comprising:
a trachea processed to comprise one or more incisions providing a helical configuration to the processed trachea; and a subject-specific synthetic support. 2. The tracheal implant according to claim 1, the processed trachea comprising a lumen comprising a diameter, wherein the diameter varies from a diameter prior to processing. 3. The tracheal implant of claim 2, wherein the diameter varies from the diameter prior to processing by 200 μm to 2 cm. 4. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the processed trachea comprises a single, continuous tissue. 5. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the processed trachea comprises decellularized tissue. 6. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the processed trachea comprises a human trachea. 7. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the synthetic support comprises a biocompatible polymer. 8. The tracheal implant of claim 7, wherein the biocompatible polymer comprises one or more of poly(caprolactone) (PCL), poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAC), ethylene vinyl acetate polymer (EVA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(glycolic acid) (PGA), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), polyalkyl cyanoacrylate, polyurethane, nylons, stereoisomers of the foregoing, and copolymers of two or more of the foregoing. 9. The tracheal implant of claim 8, wherein the biocompatible polymer comprises poly(caprolactone). 10. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the synthetic support comprises a porosity of about 5% to about 90%. 11. The tracheal implant of claim 10, wherein:
the synthetic support comprises a network of pores comprising openings on the surface of the synthetic support; and the openings are in fluid communication with the network of pores. 12. The tracheal implant of claim 11, wherein:
the openings have an average surface area of about 1000 μm2 to about 100 mm2 per opening; and greater than 50% of the openings on the surface of the synthetic support are in fluid communication with at least 4 other openings on the surface of the synthetic support such that fluid may enter an opening on the surface of the synthetic support and exit the synthetic support through any one of the at least 4 other openings. 13. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the synthetic support comprises a compressive modulus of about 20 MPa to about 200 MPa. 14. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the synthetic support comprises a tensile strength of about 1 MPa to about 10 MPa. 15. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the synthetic support comprises:
an internal diameter of about 0.5 cm to about 5 cm; a thickness of about 0.5 mm to about 1 cm; and a length of about 2 cm to about 15 cm. 16. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the synthetic support comprises: a helix comprising a thread encircling a central axis, the thread comprising a bottom edge and a top edge separated by a space; and a lead, wherein greater than 10% of the distance of the lead corresponds to space; and less than 90% of the distance of the lead corresponds to thread. 17. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the synthetic support is biodegradable. 18. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the synthetic support comprises a coating comprising at least one component of a human extracellular matrix. 19. The tracheal implant of claim 18, wherein the component of the human extracellular matrix comprises a proteoglycan, polysaccharide, protein, or glycoprotein. 20. The tracheal implant of claim 18, wherein with the coating comprises tracheal extracellular matrix. 21. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the processed trachea is sutured to the synthetic support. 22. The tracheal implant according to claim 1, wherein a conformation of the synthetic support is derived from imaging a subject's trachea and 3-D printing the synthetic support based on the imaging such that the synthetic support is subject-specific. 23. The tracheal implant of claim 1, further comprising stem cells, wherein the stem cells originate from a donor different than a donor of the processed trachea. 24. A method of treating a subject in need of a tracheal implant, comprising implanting the tracheal implant of claim 1 into the subject. 25-37. (canceled) | Various aspects of the disclosure relate to a tracheal implant comprising (a) a trachea processed to comprise one or more incisions providing a helical configuration to the processed trachea; and (b) a subject-specific synthetic support.1. A tracheal implant, comprising:
a trachea processed to comprise one or more incisions providing a helical configuration to the processed trachea; and a subject-specific synthetic support. 2. The tracheal implant according to claim 1, the processed trachea comprising a lumen comprising a diameter, wherein the diameter varies from a diameter prior to processing. 3. The tracheal implant of claim 2, wherein the diameter varies from the diameter prior to processing by 200 μm to 2 cm. 4. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the processed trachea comprises a single, continuous tissue. 5. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the processed trachea comprises decellularized tissue. 6. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the processed trachea comprises a human trachea. 7. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the synthetic support comprises a biocompatible polymer. 8. The tracheal implant of claim 7, wherein the biocompatible polymer comprises one or more of poly(caprolactone) (PCL), poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAC), ethylene vinyl acetate polymer (EVA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(glycolic acid) (PGA), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), polyalkyl cyanoacrylate, polyurethane, nylons, stereoisomers of the foregoing, and copolymers of two or more of the foregoing. 9. The tracheal implant of claim 8, wherein the biocompatible polymer comprises poly(caprolactone). 10. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the synthetic support comprises a porosity of about 5% to about 90%. 11. The tracheal implant of claim 10, wherein:
the synthetic support comprises a network of pores comprising openings on the surface of the synthetic support; and the openings are in fluid communication with the network of pores. 12. The tracheal implant of claim 11, wherein:
the openings have an average surface area of about 1000 μm2 to about 100 mm2 per opening; and greater than 50% of the openings on the surface of the synthetic support are in fluid communication with at least 4 other openings on the surface of the synthetic support such that fluid may enter an opening on the surface of the synthetic support and exit the synthetic support through any one of the at least 4 other openings. 13. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the synthetic support comprises a compressive modulus of about 20 MPa to about 200 MPa. 14. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the synthetic support comprises a tensile strength of about 1 MPa to about 10 MPa. 15. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the synthetic support comprises:
an internal diameter of about 0.5 cm to about 5 cm; a thickness of about 0.5 mm to about 1 cm; and a length of about 2 cm to about 15 cm. 16. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the synthetic support comprises: a helix comprising a thread encircling a central axis, the thread comprising a bottom edge and a top edge separated by a space; and a lead, wherein greater than 10% of the distance of the lead corresponds to space; and less than 90% of the distance of the lead corresponds to thread. 17. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the synthetic support is biodegradable. 18. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the synthetic support comprises a coating comprising at least one component of a human extracellular matrix. 19. The tracheal implant of claim 18, wherein the component of the human extracellular matrix comprises a proteoglycan, polysaccharide, protein, or glycoprotein. 20. The tracheal implant of claim 18, wherein with the coating comprises tracheal extracellular matrix. 21. The tracheal implant of claim 1, wherein the processed trachea is sutured to the synthetic support. 22. The tracheal implant according to claim 1, wherein a conformation of the synthetic support is derived from imaging a subject's trachea and 3-D printing the synthetic support based on the imaging such that the synthetic support is subject-specific. 23. The tracheal implant of claim 1, further comprising stem cells, wherein the stem cells originate from a donor different than a donor of the processed trachea. 24. A method of treating a subject in need of a tracheal implant, comprising implanting the tracheal implant of claim 1 into the subject. 25-37. (canceled) | 1,700 |
345,113 | 16,643,023 | 2,849 | A magnetic shielding sheet is provided. The magnetic shielding sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a plate-shaped magnetic sheet made of a magnetic material containing a metal component; and a cover member for covering the entire surface of the magnetic sheet so as to prevent the surface of the magnetic sheet from being exposed to the outside. | 1. A magnetic shielding sheet comprising:
a magnetic sheet having a plate shape and made of a magnetic material including a metal component; and a cover member configured to cover an entire surface of the magnetic sheet to prevent the surface of the magnetic sheet from being externally exposed. 2. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 1, wherein the cover member is a protective film. 3. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 1, wherein the cover member includes a first cover member configured to cover an upper surface and side surfaces of the magnetic sheet and a second cover member configured to cover a lower surface of the magnetic sheet. 4. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 1, wherein the magnetic sheet is a thin ribbon sheet including at least one selected from an amorphous alloy and a nano-crystalline alloy. 5. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 4, wherein the magnetic sheet is a multilayer sheet in which a plurality of ribbon sheets are stacked as multiple layers through an adhesive layer. 6. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 1, wherein the magnetic sheet is a sheet which is flake-treated and divided into a plurality of fine pieces. 7. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 6, wherein the plurality of fine pieces includes fine pieces having at least one side formed in a curved shape rather than a straight line. 8. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 7, wherein the number of the fine pieces having the at least one side formed in the curved shape is 50% or more of the total number of the plurality of fine pieces. 9. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 8, wherein the number of the fine pieces having the at least one side formed in the curved shape is 70% or more of the total number of the plurality of fine pieces. 10. A wireless power transfer module comprising:
an antenna unit including at least one wireless power transfer antenna for wireless power transmission; and a magnetic shielding sheet attached to one surface of the antenna unit through an adhesive layer so as to shield a magnetic field generated in the antenna unit; wherein the magnetic shielding sheet includes: a magnetic sheet having a plate shape and made of a magnetic material including a metal component; and a cover member configured to cover an entire surface of the magnetic sheet to prevent the surface of the magnetic sheet from being externally exposed. 11. The wireless power transfer module of claim 10, wherein the wireless power transfer antenna is an antenna pattern patterned on at least one surface of a circuit board. 12. The wireless power transfer module of claim 11, wherein the magnetic shielding sheet has a size that is relatively greater than that of the circuit board. 13. The wireless power transfer module of claim 10, wherein the wireless power transfer module is a wireless power reception module embedded in a portable terminal. 14. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 10, wherein the cover member is a protective film. 15. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 10, wherein the cover member includes a first cover member configured to cover an upper surface and side surfaces of the magnetic sheet and a second cover member configured to cover a lower surface of the magnetic sheet. 16. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 10, wherein the magnetic sheet is a thin ribbon sheet including at least one selected from an amorphous alloy and a nano-crystalline alloy. 17. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 16, wherein the magnetic sheet is a multilayer sheet in which a plurality of ribbon sheets are stacked as multiple layers through an adhesive layer. 18. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 10, wherein the magnetic sheet is a sheet which is flake-treated and divided into a plurality of fine pieces. 19. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 18, wherein the plurality of fine pieces includes fine pieces having at least one side formed in a curved shape rather than a straight line. 20. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 8, wherein the number of the fine pieces having the at least one side formed in the curved shape is 50% or more of the total number of the plurality of fine pieces. | A magnetic shielding sheet is provided. The magnetic shielding sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a plate-shaped magnetic sheet made of a magnetic material containing a metal component; and a cover member for covering the entire surface of the magnetic sheet so as to prevent the surface of the magnetic sheet from being exposed to the outside.1. A magnetic shielding sheet comprising:
a magnetic sheet having a plate shape and made of a magnetic material including a metal component; and a cover member configured to cover an entire surface of the magnetic sheet to prevent the surface of the magnetic sheet from being externally exposed. 2. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 1, wherein the cover member is a protective film. 3. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 1, wherein the cover member includes a first cover member configured to cover an upper surface and side surfaces of the magnetic sheet and a second cover member configured to cover a lower surface of the magnetic sheet. 4. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 1, wherein the magnetic sheet is a thin ribbon sheet including at least one selected from an amorphous alloy and a nano-crystalline alloy. 5. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 4, wherein the magnetic sheet is a multilayer sheet in which a plurality of ribbon sheets are stacked as multiple layers through an adhesive layer. 6. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 1, wherein the magnetic sheet is a sheet which is flake-treated and divided into a plurality of fine pieces. 7. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 6, wherein the plurality of fine pieces includes fine pieces having at least one side formed in a curved shape rather than a straight line. 8. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 7, wherein the number of the fine pieces having the at least one side formed in the curved shape is 50% or more of the total number of the plurality of fine pieces. 9. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 8, wherein the number of the fine pieces having the at least one side formed in the curved shape is 70% or more of the total number of the plurality of fine pieces. 10. A wireless power transfer module comprising:
an antenna unit including at least one wireless power transfer antenna for wireless power transmission; and a magnetic shielding sheet attached to one surface of the antenna unit through an adhesive layer so as to shield a magnetic field generated in the antenna unit; wherein the magnetic shielding sheet includes: a magnetic sheet having a plate shape and made of a magnetic material including a metal component; and a cover member configured to cover an entire surface of the magnetic sheet to prevent the surface of the magnetic sheet from being externally exposed. 11. The wireless power transfer module of claim 10, wherein the wireless power transfer antenna is an antenna pattern patterned on at least one surface of a circuit board. 12. The wireless power transfer module of claim 11, wherein the magnetic shielding sheet has a size that is relatively greater than that of the circuit board. 13. The wireless power transfer module of claim 10, wherein the wireless power transfer module is a wireless power reception module embedded in a portable terminal. 14. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 10, wherein the cover member is a protective film. 15. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 10, wherein the cover member includes a first cover member configured to cover an upper surface and side surfaces of the magnetic sheet and a second cover member configured to cover a lower surface of the magnetic sheet. 16. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 10, wherein the magnetic sheet is a thin ribbon sheet including at least one selected from an amorphous alloy and a nano-crystalline alloy. 17. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 16, wherein the magnetic sheet is a multilayer sheet in which a plurality of ribbon sheets are stacked as multiple layers through an adhesive layer. 18. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 10, wherein the magnetic sheet is a sheet which is flake-treated and divided into a plurality of fine pieces. 19. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 18, wherein the plurality of fine pieces includes fine pieces having at least one side formed in a curved shape rather than a straight line. 20. The magnetic shielding sheet of claim 8, wherein the number of the fine pieces having the at least one side formed in the curved shape is 50% or more of the total number of the plurality of fine pieces. | 2,800 |
345,114 | 16,643,025 | 2,849 | The disclosure is directed to integrated, multifunctional load bearing or non-load-bearing construction panels. More particularly, the disclosure is directed to thermally, acoustically and moisture insulated construction panels, which additionally are compliant with fire resistance codes without forming cold bridging using selectably configured staggered studs' array with selectably variable gap between the arrays and the slabs forming the panel walls. | 1. An integrated construction panel comprising:
a. an internal wall section; b. an internal studs' array operably coupled to the internal wall section, extending externally; c. a moisture control layer coupled to the internal wall section; d. an internal thermal insulation layer, e. an external thermal insulation layer; f. an external wall section; and g. an external studs' array operably coupled to the external wall section, extending internally, wherein, the internal studs' array is staggered with respect to the external studs' array 2. The panel of claim 1, wherein each of the internal wall section and the external wall section consists of a slab having front side and a back side. 3. The panel of claim 2, wherein each stud in the internal studs' array has a proximal end coupled to the front side of the internal wall section and a distal end opposite the proximal end; and wherein each stud in the external studs' array has a proximal end coupled to the back side of the external wall section and a distal end opposite the proximal end. 4. The panel of claim 3, wherein the distal end of each of the studs in the internal studs' array defines a gap between the distal end and the back side of the external wall section. 5. The panel of claim 3, wherein the distal end of each of the studs in the external studs' array defines a gap between the distal end and the front side of the internal wall section. 6. The panel of claim 4, wherein the gap between the distal end of each of the studs in the internal stud's array and the back side of the external wall is no less than about 10 mm. 7. The panel of claim 5, wherein the gap between the distal end of each of the studs in the external stud's array and the front side of the internal wall is no less than about 10 mm. 8. The panel of claim 1, wherein the internal and/or external studs' arrays have variable periodicity. 9. The panel of claim 1, wherein the internal stud's array is out of phase with the external stud's array by a variable distance. 10. The panel of claim 4, wherein the integrated construction panel defines a quadrilateral prism having a basal facet, an apical facet, a pair of side walls disposed on opposing sides of the basal and apical facets forming a frame and coupled to the front side internal wall section and the back side of the external wall section. 11. The panel of claim 10, wherein each of the studs in the internal and/or external studs' array is a beam defining a longitudinal axis with a rectangular cross-section transverse to the longitudinal axis. 12. The panel of claim 11, wherein the cross section is no less than 10 mm by 63 mm. 13. The panel of claim 12, wherein the beam spans the length of the panel between basal and the apical facets. 14. The panel of claim 1, wherein the internal and/or external insulation layer comprises multiple or single layers. 15. The panel of claim 14, wherein the insulation is mineral wool fibers, rock wool fibers, slag wool fibers, glass wool fibers, polymer based insulation or a composition comprising one or more of the foregoing. 16. The panel of claim 1, wherein the internal wall section is particle wood, cement particle, magnesium oxide, calcium silicate, gypsum based board or a composition comprising one or more of the foregoing. 17. The panel of claim 16, wherein the distance between the front end of the external wall section and the back end of the internal wall section is between about 89 mm and about 450 mm. 18. The panel of claim 5, wherein the integrated construction panel defines a quadrilateral prism having a basal facet, an apical facet, a pair of side walls disposed on opposing sides of the basal and apical facets forming a frame and coupled to the front side internal wall section and the back side of the external wall section. 19. The panel of claim 18, wherein each of the studs in the internal and/or external studs' array is a beam defining a longitudinal axis with a rectangular cross-section transverse to the longitudinal axis. 20. The panel of claim 19, wherein the cross section is no less than 10 mm by 63 mm. 21. The panel of claim 20, wherein the beam spans the length of the panel between basal and the apical facets. | The disclosure is directed to integrated, multifunctional load bearing or non-load-bearing construction panels. More particularly, the disclosure is directed to thermally, acoustically and moisture insulated construction panels, which additionally are compliant with fire resistance codes without forming cold bridging using selectably configured staggered studs' array with selectably variable gap between the arrays and the slabs forming the panel walls.1. An integrated construction panel comprising:
a. an internal wall section; b. an internal studs' array operably coupled to the internal wall section, extending externally; c. a moisture control layer coupled to the internal wall section; d. an internal thermal insulation layer, e. an external thermal insulation layer; f. an external wall section; and g. an external studs' array operably coupled to the external wall section, extending internally, wherein, the internal studs' array is staggered with respect to the external studs' array 2. The panel of claim 1, wherein each of the internal wall section and the external wall section consists of a slab having front side and a back side. 3. The panel of claim 2, wherein each stud in the internal studs' array has a proximal end coupled to the front side of the internal wall section and a distal end opposite the proximal end; and wherein each stud in the external studs' array has a proximal end coupled to the back side of the external wall section and a distal end opposite the proximal end. 4. The panel of claim 3, wherein the distal end of each of the studs in the internal studs' array defines a gap between the distal end and the back side of the external wall section. 5. The panel of claim 3, wherein the distal end of each of the studs in the external studs' array defines a gap between the distal end and the front side of the internal wall section. 6. The panel of claim 4, wherein the gap between the distal end of each of the studs in the internal stud's array and the back side of the external wall is no less than about 10 mm. 7. The panel of claim 5, wherein the gap between the distal end of each of the studs in the external stud's array and the front side of the internal wall is no less than about 10 mm. 8. The panel of claim 1, wherein the internal and/or external studs' arrays have variable periodicity. 9. The panel of claim 1, wherein the internal stud's array is out of phase with the external stud's array by a variable distance. 10. The panel of claim 4, wherein the integrated construction panel defines a quadrilateral prism having a basal facet, an apical facet, a pair of side walls disposed on opposing sides of the basal and apical facets forming a frame and coupled to the front side internal wall section and the back side of the external wall section. 11. The panel of claim 10, wherein each of the studs in the internal and/or external studs' array is a beam defining a longitudinal axis with a rectangular cross-section transverse to the longitudinal axis. 12. The panel of claim 11, wherein the cross section is no less than 10 mm by 63 mm. 13. The panel of claim 12, wherein the beam spans the length of the panel between basal and the apical facets. 14. The panel of claim 1, wherein the internal and/or external insulation layer comprises multiple or single layers. 15. The panel of claim 14, wherein the insulation is mineral wool fibers, rock wool fibers, slag wool fibers, glass wool fibers, polymer based insulation or a composition comprising one or more of the foregoing. 16. The panel of claim 1, wherein the internal wall section is particle wood, cement particle, magnesium oxide, calcium silicate, gypsum based board or a composition comprising one or more of the foregoing. 17. The panel of claim 16, wherein the distance between the front end of the external wall section and the back end of the internal wall section is between about 89 mm and about 450 mm. 18. The panel of claim 5, wherein the integrated construction panel defines a quadrilateral prism having a basal facet, an apical facet, a pair of side walls disposed on opposing sides of the basal and apical facets forming a frame and coupled to the front side internal wall section and the back side of the external wall section. 19. The panel of claim 18, wherein each of the studs in the internal and/or external studs' array is a beam defining a longitudinal axis with a rectangular cross-section transverse to the longitudinal axis. 20. The panel of claim 19, wherein the cross section is no less than 10 mm by 63 mm. 21. The panel of claim 20, wherein the beam spans the length of the panel between basal and the apical facets. | 2,800 |
345,115 | 16,643,015 | 2,849 | A spectrometer and a spectral detection and analysis method implemented by the spectrometer. The spectrometer includes an optical device and a detection device. The optical device includes at least one light filter, each of which including at least two light filtering units, so that the optical device can emit at least two kinds of monochromatic light. The detection device includes at least one detector, each of which comprising at least two detection units facing at least two light filtering units in the corresponding light filter in a one-to-one relationship. The monochromatic light emitted from the light filtering unit is emitted along the direction perpendicular to the direction of the light emitting surface. | 1. A spectrometer, comprising:
an optical device configured to receive a polychromatic incident light and emit at least two kinds of monochromatic light, the optical device comprising: a first substrate comprising a transparent material and comprising a light incident surface and a light emitting surface parallel to each other, the light incident surface and the light emitting surface being provided with a light blocking layer, the light blocking layer on the light incident surface comprising at least one light incident opening, the light blocking layer on the light emitting surface comprising at least one light emitting opening, the at least one light incident opening being aligned with the at least one light emitting opening; at least one light filter, the at least one light filter corresponding to the at least one light emitting opening, wherein each light filter is in a corresponding light emitting opening, wherein each light filter comprises at least two light filtering units, and wherein a light filtering unit of the at least two light filtering units is configured to transmit light having a wavelength within a wavelength range; a detection device configured to receive the at least two kinds of monochromatic light emitted from the optical device and generate a detection signal, the detection device comprising: a support component comprising a light receiving surface that is adjacent and parallel to the light emitting surface of the first substrate so that a gap is formed between the light receiving surface and the light emitting surface to form a test channel; and at least one detector in the light receiving surface of the support component, and facing the at least one light filter in a one-to-one relationship, wherein each detector comprises at least two detection units that face at least two light filtering units in a corresponding light filter in a one-to-one relationship, wherein the at least one detector is configured to receive the monochromatic light emitted from the at least two light filtering units and passing through the test channel, and configured to generate electrical signals based on the monochromatic light that was received, wherein the monochromatic light emitted from the at least two light filtering units emit light along a direction perpendicular to the light emitting surface. 2. The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the first substrate is comprises glass, resin or a polyester compound. 3. The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the support component is a second substrate comprising glass, resin, a polyester compound or paper. 4. The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the light filter comprises a light filtering color film. 5. The spectrometer according to claim 4, wherein the light filtering color film comprises a quantum dot color film. 6. The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the light filter comprises a linear gradient light filtering sheet. 7. The spectrometer according to claim 6, wherein the linear gradient light filtering sheet comprises:
a first film layer comprising a first surface and a second surface forming a wedge angle; and a second film layer on the first surface and the second surface, wherein each part of the linear gradient light filtering sheet forms each light filtering unit in the light filter. 8. The spectrometer according to claim 7, wherein the first film layer comprises SiO2, and the second film layer comprises Ta2O5. 9. The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein a light blocking spacer is between adjacent light filtering units in each light filter. 10. The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the detector comprises a photosensitive detector. 11. The spectrometer according to claim 1,
wherein the spectrometer further comprises at least one light source on the light incident surface of the first substrate and corresponding to the at least one light incident opening in a one-to-one relationship, wherein each of the at least one light source is on a corresponding light incident opening, wherein each of the at least one light source comprises a micro light-emitting diode and a micro lens, and wherein the micro lens is configured to expand and collimate the light emitted by the micro light-emitting diode. 12. The spectrometer according to claim 11, wherein the light source generates white light in a wavelength range of 400-750 nm. 13. The spectrometer according claim 1,
wherein the detection device further comprises a microfluidic channel on the light incident side of each detection unit of the at least two detection units, wherein each microfluidic channel is configured to be used for inflow of an object to be tested passing through the test channel, so that the monochromatic light within a target wavelength range emitted from a corresponding light filtering unit irradiates a corresponding detection unit of the at least two detections units after passing through the object to be tested in a corresponding microfluidic channel. 14. The spectrometer according to claim 13, wherein the microfluidic channel is provided therein with a hydrophobic film layer or a hydrophilic film layer. 15. The spectrometer according to claim 1,
wherein the optical device further comprises at least one light splitter, wherein the at least one light splitter corresponds to the at least one light incident opening in a one-to-one relationship, wherein each light splitter is in a corresponding light incident opening and configured to split the polychromatic incident light entering the light incident opening into at least two kinds of monochromatic light, and wherein the at least two kinds of monochromatic light correspond to at least two light filtering units in a corresponding light filter in a one-to-one relationship, and are filtered by a corresponding one of the light filtering units and emitted from the corresponding one of light filtering units. 16. The spectrometer according to claim 15,
wherein the light splitter comprises a holographic grating comprising a waveguide layer, a buffer layer and a metal pattern layer sequentially arranged on the light incident surface of the first substrate, and wherein the metal pattern layer comprises at least two areas with different grating structures, and wherein each grating structure corresponds to one of the at least two kinds of monochromatic light. 17. The spectrometer according to claim 15, wherein the light filtering unit comprises a filter grating configured to emit corresponding monochromatic light along the direction perpendicular to the light emitting surface. 18. The spectrometer according to claim 1, further comprising:
a processing module connected with the detection units, which is configured to receive the detection signal generated by the detection units and processes the detection signal to obtain an analysis result of the object to be tested. 19. A spectral detection and analysis method using the spectrometer according to claim 1, comprising:
making the object to be tested flow into the test channel; receiving the detection signal generated by the detection units of the detection device, wherein the detection signal is generated based on the monochromatic light emitted from the corresponding light filtering units and irradiating the detection units after passing through the test channel and irradiating the object to be tested; and processing the detection signal to obtain the analysis result of the object to be tested. | A spectrometer and a spectral detection and analysis method implemented by the spectrometer. The spectrometer includes an optical device and a detection device. The optical device includes at least one light filter, each of which including at least two light filtering units, so that the optical device can emit at least two kinds of monochromatic light. The detection device includes at least one detector, each of which comprising at least two detection units facing at least two light filtering units in the corresponding light filter in a one-to-one relationship. The monochromatic light emitted from the light filtering unit is emitted along the direction perpendicular to the direction of the light emitting surface.1. A spectrometer, comprising:
an optical device configured to receive a polychromatic incident light and emit at least two kinds of monochromatic light, the optical device comprising: a first substrate comprising a transparent material and comprising a light incident surface and a light emitting surface parallel to each other, the light incident surface and the light emitting surface being provided with a light blocking layer, the light blocking layer on the light incident surface comprising at least one light incident opening, the light blocking layer on the light emitting surface comprising at least one light emitting opening, the at least one light incident opening being aligned with the at least one light emitting opening; at least one light filter, the at least one light filter corresponding to the at least one light emitting opening, wherein each light filter is in a corresponding light emitting opening, wherein each light filter comprises at least two light filtering units, and wherein a light filtering unit of the at least two light filtering units is configured to transmit light having a wavelength within a wavelength range; a detection device configured to receive the at least two kinds of monochromatic light emitted from the optical device and generate a detection signal, the detection device comprising: a support component comprising a light receiving surface that is adjacent and parallel to the light emitting surface of the first substrate so that a gap is formed between the light receiving surface and the light emitting surface to form a test channel; and at least one detector in the light receiving surface of the support component, and facing the at least one light filter in a one-to-one relationship, wherein each detector comprises at least two detection units that face at least two light filtering units in a corresponding light filter in a one-to-one relationship, wherein the at least one detector is configured to receive the monochromatic light emitted from the at least two light filtering units and passing through the test channel, and configured to generate electrical signals based on the monochromatic light that was received, wherein the monochromatic light emitted from the at least two light filtering units emit light along a direction perpendicular to the light emitting surface. 2. The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the first substrate is comprises glass, resin or a polyester compound. 3. The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the support component is a second substrate comprising glass, resin, a polyester compound or paper. 4. The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the light filter comprises a light filtering color film. 5. The spectrometer according to claim 4, wherein the light filtering color film comprises a quantum dot color film. 6. The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the light filter comprises a linear gradient light filtering sheet. 7. The spectrometer according to claim 6, wherein the linear gradient light filtering sheet comprises:
a first film layer comprising a first surface and a second surface forming a wedge angle; and a second film layer on the first surface and the second surface, wherein each part of the linear gradient light filtering sheet forms each light filtering unit in the light filter. 8. The spectrometer according to claim 7, wherein the first film layer comprises SiO2, and the second film layer comprises Ta2O5. 9. The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein a light blocking spacer is between adjacent light filtering units in each light filter. 10. The spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the detector comprises a photosensitive detector. 11. The spectrometer according to claim 1,
wherein the spectrometer further comprises at least one light source on the light incident surface of the first substrate and corresponding to the at least one light incident opening in a one-to-one relationship, wherein each of the at least one light source is on a corresponding light incident opening, wherein each of the at least one light source comprises a micro light-emitting diode and a micro lens, and wherein the micro lens is configured to expand and collimate the light emitted by the micro light-emitting diode. 12. The spectrometer according to claim 11, wherein the light source generates white light in a wavelength range of 400-750 nm. 13. The spectrometer according claim 1,
wherein the detection device further comprises a microfluidic channel on the light incident side of each detection unit of the at least two detection units, wherein each microfluidic channel is configured to be used for inflow of an object to be tested passing through the test channel, so that the monochromatic light within a target wavelength range emitted from a corresponding light filtering unit irradiates a corresponding detection unit of the at least two detections units after passing through the object to be tested in a corresponding microfluidic channel. 14. The spectrometer according to claim 13, wherein the microfluidic channel is provided therein with a hydrophobic film layer or a hydrophilic film layer. 15. The spectrometer according to claim 1,
wherein the optical device further comprises at least one light splitter, wherein the at least one light splitter corresponds to the at least one light incident opening in a one-to-one relationship, wherein each light splitter is in a corresponding light incident opening and configured to split the polychromatic incident light entering the light incident opening into at least two kinds of monochromatic light, and wherein the at least two kinds of monochromatic light correspond to at least two light filtering units in a corresponding light filter in a one-to-one relationship, and are filtered by a corresponding one of the light filtering units and emitted from the corresponding one of light filtering units. 16. The spectrometer according to claim 15,
wherein the light splitter comprises a holographic grating comprising a waveguide layer, a buffer layer and a metal pattern layer sequentially arranged on the light incident surface of the first substrate, and wherein the metal pattern layer comprises at least two areas with different grating structures, and wherein each grating structure corresponds to one of the at least two kinds of monochromatic light. 17. The spectrometer according to claim 15, wherein the light filtering unit comprises a filter grating configured to emit corresponding monochromatic light along the direction perpendicular to the light emitting surface. 18. The spectrometer according to claim 1, further comprising:
a processing module connected with the detection units, which is configured to receive the detection signal generated by the detection units and processes the detection signal to obtain an analysis result of the object to be tested. 19. A spectral detection and analysis method using the spectrometer according to claim 1, comprising:
making the object to be tested flow into the test channel; receiving the detection signal generated by the detection units of the detection device, wherein the detection signal is generated based on the monochromatic light emitted from the corresponding light filtering units and irradiating the detection units after passing through the test channel and irradiating the object to be tested; and processing the detection signal to obtain the analysis result of the object to be tested. | 2,800 |
345,116 | 16,643,007 | 2,849 | Disclosed is a spliced display device and a backlight control method therefor. The spliced display device includes a plurality of display modules that include respective backlight modules. Each of the backlight modules includes a plurality of backlight partitions, of which a first backlight partition is located at edge of a corresponding backlight module of the backlight modules. The backlight control method comprises the steps of obtaining an initial brightness value and a reference brightness value for the first backlight partition, adjusting the initial brightness value of the first backlight partition according to the reference brightness value to obtain an adjusted brightness value for the first backlight partition, and controlling the brightness of the first backlight partition according to the adjusted brightness value. | 1. A backlight control method for a spliced display device comprising a plurality of display modules, the display modules including respective backlight modules, each backlight module comprising a plurality of backlight partitions, including a first backlight partition located at edge of a corresponding backlight module of the backlight modules, the method comprising:
for a first backlight partition of a backlight module:
obtaining an initial brightness value and a reference brightness value for the first backlight partition;
adjusting the initial brightness value of the first backlight partition according to the reference brightness value to obtain an adjusted brightness value for the first backlight partition; and
controlling brightness of the first backlight partition according to the adjusted brightness value. 2. The method according to claim 1,
wherein the plurality of display modules include a first display module and a second display module, the first display module comprises a first backlight module, and the second display module comprises a second backlight module, and the second backlight module comprises a second backlight partition located at edge of the second backlight module and adjacent to the first backlight partition located at edge of the first backlight module, and wherein obtaining the reference brightness value for the first backlight partition located at edge of the first backlight module comprises:
obtaining an initial brightness value of the second backlight partition as the reference brightness value for the first backlight partition located at edge of the first backlight module. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein obtaining the initial brightness value for the first backlight partition comprises:
obtaining the initial brightness value for the first backlight partition according to a dynamic local dimming algorithm for the corresponding backlight module. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein obtaining the initial brightness value for the first backlight partition comprises:
obtaining the initial brightness value for the first backlight partition according to pixel grey scale statistical brightness of a display partition that corresponds to the first backlight partition. 5. The method according to claim 2, wherein obtaining the initial brightness value of the second backlight partition comprises:
receiving initial brightness values of edge backlight partitions of other backlight modules than the first backlight module of the plurality of display modules; and selecting the initial brightness value of the second backlight partition from the received initial brightness values. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein selecting the initial brightness value of the second backlight partition comprises:
selecting the initial brightness value of a backlight partition(s) that is located at edge of the second backlight module and adjacent to the first backlight module along at least one direction. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the at least one direction comprises at least one selected from a group consisting of a horizontal direction and a vertical direction. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein adjusting the initial brightness value of the first backlight partition comprises:
calculating the adjusted brightness value of the first backlight partition according to a formula: a1=a0*[1−(a0−b0)/(a0+b0)], wherein a1 is the adjusted brightness value of the first backlight partition, a0 is the initial brightness value of the first backlight partition and b0 is the reference brightness value. 9. A spliced display device comprising a plurality of display modules, the display modules including respective backlight modules, each backlight module comprising a plurality of backlight partitions that include a first backlight partition located at edge of a corresponding backlight module of the backlight modules, wherein a backlight module comprises:
a light source configured to emit light to output a backlight; a brightness adjuster configured to obtain an initial brightness value and a reference brightness value for the first backlight partition, and adjust the initial brightness value of the first backlight partition according to the reference brightness value to obtain an adjusted brightness value for the first backlight partition; and a controller configured to drive the light source to emit light according to the adjusted brightness value so as to control brightness of the first backlight partition. 10. The spliced display device according to claim 9,
wherein the plurality of display modules include a first display module and a second display module, the first display module includes a first backlight module, the second display module includes a second backlight module, and the second backlight module comprises a second backlight partition located at edge of the second backlight module and adjacent to the first backlight partition located at edge of the first backlight module, and wherein the brightness adjuster of the first backlight module is configured to obtain the initial brightness value of the second backlight partition as the reference brightness value for the first backlight partition located at edge of the first backlight module. 11. The spliced display device according to claim 9, wherein each of the display modules further comprises a plurality of display partitions, each of which corresponds to a respective backlight partition of the plurality of backlight partitions in the backlight module. 12. The spliced display device according to claim 9, wherein the brightness adjuster is configured to obtain the initial brightness value for the first backlight partition according to a dynamic local dimming algorithm of the corresponding backlight module. 13. The spliced display device according to claim 9, wherein the brightness adjuster is configured to obtain the initial brightness value for the first backlight partition according to pixel grey scale statistical brightness of a display partition corresponding to the first backlight partition. 14. The spliced display device according to claim 10, wherein the plurality of display modules are arranged in a matrix, and the first backlight module is adjacent to at least one second backlight module along at least one direction. 15. The spliced display device according to claim 10, wherein the first display module further comprises a data transmission unit configured to transmit the initial brightness value of the first backlight partition of the first backlight module to one or more other backlight modules in the display device, and receive the initial brightness value of the second backlight partition from the second backlight module. 16. The spliced display device according to claim 9, wherein the brightness adjuster is configured to calculate the adjusted brightness value according to a formula: a1=a0*[1−(a0−b0)/(a0+b0)],
wherein a1 is the adjusted brightness value of the first backlight partition, a0 is the initial brightness value of the first backlight partition and b0 is the reference brightness value. 17. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to claim 1. 18. A computer apparatus comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and runnable on the processor, which, when executed on the processor, causes the procession to implement the steps of the method according to claim 1. 19. The method according to claim 2, wherein adjusting the initial brightness value of the first backlight partition comprises:
calculating the adjusted brightness value of the first backlight partition according to a formula: a1=a0*[1−(a0−b0)/(a0+b0)], wherein a1 is the adjusted brightness value of the first backlight partition, a0 is the initial brightness value of the first backlight partition and b0 is the reference brightness value. 20. The spliced display device according to claim 10, wherein the brightness adjuster is configured to calculate the adjusted brightness value according to a formula: a1=a0*[1−(a0−b0)/(a0+b0)],
wherein a1 is the adjusted brightness value of the first backlight partition, a0 is the initial brightness value of the first backlight partition and b0 is the reference brightness value. | Disclosed is a spliced display device and a backlight control method therefor. The spliced display device includes a plurality of display modules that include respective backlight modules. Each of the backlight modules includes a plurality of backlight partitions, of which a first backlight partition is located at edge of a corresponding backlight module of the backlight modules. The backlight control method comprises the steps of obtaining an initial brightness value and a reference brightness value for the first backlight partition, adjusting the initial brightness value of the first backlight partition according to the reference brightness value to obtain an adjusted brightness value for the first backlight partition, and controlling the brightness of the first backlight partition according to the adjusted brightness value.1. A backlight control method for a spliced display device comprising a plurality of display modules, the display modules including respective backlight modules, each backlight module comprising a plurality of backlight partitions, including a first backlight partition located at edge of a corresponding backlight module of the backlight modules, the method comprising:
for a first backlight partition of a backlight module:
obtaining an initial brightness value and a reference brightness value for the first backlight partition;
adjusting the initial brightness value of the first backlight partition according to the reference brightness value to obtain an adjusted brightness value for the first backlight partition; and
controlling brightness of the first backlight partition according to the adjusted brightness value. 2. The method according to claim 1,
wherein the plurality of display modules include a first display module and a second display module, the first display module comprises a first backlight module, and the second display module comprises a second backlight module, and the second backlight module comprises a second backlight partition located at edge of the second backlight module and adjacent to the first backlight partition located at edge of the first backlight module, and wherein obtaining the reference brightness value for the first backlight partition located at edge of the first backlight module comprises:
obtaining an initial brightness value of the second backlight partition as the reference brightness value for the first backlight partition located at edge of the first backlight module. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein obtaining the initial brightness value for the first backlight partition comprises:
obtaining the initial brightness value for the first backlight partition according to a dynamic local dimming algorithm for the corresponding backlight module. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein obtaining the initial brightness value for the first backlight partition comprises:
obtaining the initial brightness value for the first backlight partition according to pixel grey scale statistical brightness of a display partition that corresponds to the first backlight partition. 5. The method according to claim 2, wherein obtaining the initial brightness value of the second backlight partition comprises:
receiving initial brightness values of edge backlight partitions of other backlight modules than the first backlight module of the plurality of display modules; and selecting the initial brightness value of the second backlight partition from the received initial brightness values. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein selecting the initial brightness value of the second backlight partition comprises:
selecting the initial brightness value of a backlight partition(s) that is located at edge of the second backlight module and adjacent to the first backlight module along at least one direction. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the at least one direction comprises at least one selected from a group consisting of a horizontal direction and a vertical direction. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein adjusting the initial brightness value of the first backlight partition comprises:
calculating the adjusted brightness value of the first backlight partition according to a formula: a1=a0*[1−(a0−b0)/(a0+b0)], wherein a1 is the adjusted brightness value of the first backlight partition, a0 is the initial brightness value of the first backlight partition and b0 is the reference brightness value. 9. A spliced display device comprising a plurality of display modules, the display modules including respective backlight modules, each backlight module comprising a plurality of backlight partitions that include a first backlight partition located at edge of a corresponding backlight module of the backlight modules, wherein a backlight module comprises:
a light source configured to emit light to output a backlight; a brightness adjuster configured to obtain an initial brightness value and a reference brightness value for the first backlight partition, and adjust the initial brightness value of the first backlight partition according to the reference brightness value to obtain an adjusted brightness value for the first backlight partition; and a controller configured to drive the light source to emit light according to the adjusted brightness value so as to control brightness of the first backlight partition. 10. The spliced display device according to claim 9,
wherein the plurality of display modules include a first display module and a second display module, the first display module includes a first backlight module, the second display module includes a second backlight module, and the second backlight module comprises a second backlight partition located at edge of the second backlight module and adjacent to the first backlight partition located at edge of the first backlight module, and wherein the brightness adjuster of the first backlight module is configured to obtain the initial brightness value of the second backlight partition as the reference brightness value for the first backlight partition located at edge of the first backlight module. 11. The spliced display device according to claim 9, wherein each of the display modules further comprises a plurality of display partitions, each of which corresponds to a respective backlight partition of the plurality of backlight partitions in the backlight module. 12. The spliced display device according to claim 9, wherein the brightness adjuster is configured to obtain the initial brightness value for the first backlight partition according to a dynamic local dimming algorithm of the corresponding backlight module. 13. The spliced display device according to claim 9, wherein the brightness adjuster is configured to obtain the initial brightness value for the first backlight partition according to pixel grey scale statistical brightness of a display partition corresponding to the first backlight partition. 14. The spliced display device according to claim 10, wherein the plurality of display modules are arranged in a matrix, and the first backlight module is adjacent to at least one second backlight module along at least one direction. 15. The spliced display device according to claim 10, wherein the first display module further comprises a data transmission unit configured to transmit the initial brightness value of the first backlight partition of the first backlight module to one or more other backlight modules in the display device, and receive the initial brightness value of the second backlight partition from the second backlight module. 16. The spliced display device according to claim 9, wherein the brightness adjuster is configured to calculate the adjusted brightness value according to a formula: a1=a0*[1−(a0−b0)/(a0+b0)],
wherein a1 is the adjusted brightness value of the first backlight partition, a0 is the initial brightness value of the first backlight partition and b0 is the reference brightness value. 17. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to claim 1. 18. A computer apparatus comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and runnable on the processor, which, when executed on the processor, causes the procession to implement the steps of the method according to claim 1. 19. The method according to claim 2, wherein adjusting the initial brightness value of the first backlight partition comprises:
calculating the adjusted brightness value of the first backlight partition according to a formula: a1=a0*[1−(a0−b0)/(a0+b0)], wherein a1 is the adjusted brightness value of the first backlight partition, a0 is the initial brightness value of the first backlight partition and b0 is the reference brightness value. 20. The spliced display device according to claim 10, wherein the brightness adjuster is configured to calculate the adjusted brightness value according to a formula: a1=a0*[1−(a0−b0)/(a0+b0)],
wherein a1 is the adjusted brightness value of the first backlight partition, a0 is the initial brightness value of the first backlight partition and b0 is the reference brightness value. | 2,800 |
345,117 | 16,643,014 | 3,723 | A centering cone for positioning a fastening element in a receptacle of a clamping device. The centering cone has an internally located cone section with a cone-shaped inner surface to which a one-piece spring section is connected in a radial direction. The spring section is configured to deform slightly under a radially applied force to provide a certain tolerance for receiving the fastening element. | 1-13. (canceled) 14. A centering cone for use in a clamping device having a receptacle and a clamping element associated with the receptacle, wherein the receptacle is adapted to receive an elongated fastening element and the clamping element is adapted to clamp the elongated fastening element in a clamped position in the receptacle, the centering cone including:
(a) a cone section defining a cone axis, the cone section being ring-shaped and including a cone-shaped internal surface; (b) a spring section which is formed with the cone section in one piece and is located radially outwardly from the cone axis relative to the cone section; and (c) wherein the cone section and spring section are adapted to be received in an operating position within the receptacle with the cone axis substantially aligning with an axis of the receptacle, and wherein in this operating position the spring section is adapted to apply a radial positioning force on the cone section in a radial direction toward the cone axis when the fastening element is in the clamped position in the receptacle, the cone section thereby defining a floating position for the fastening element in the receptacle. 15. The centering cone of claim 14 wherein the cone section is relatively more rigid than the spring section. 16. The centering cone of claim 14 wherein the spring section is elastically deformed when applying the radial positioning force to the cone section. 17. The centering cone of claim 14 wherein:
(a) the cone section and spring section together have an approximately U-shaped or V-shaped cross-section;
(b) the cone section comprises an inner leg of the U or V shape in a radial direction from the cone axis; and
(c) the spring section comprises an outer leg of the U or V shape in the radial direction from the cone axis. 18. The centering cone of claim 17 wherein the inner leg of the U or V shape comprising the cone section is longer than the outer leg of the U or V shape comprising the spring section in the direction of the cone axis. 19. The centering cone of claim 17 wherein:
(a) a free end of the inner leg of the U or V shape is configured to be bounded by a sliding surface of the receptacle when the cone section and spring section are in the operating position within the receptacle, the sliding surface extending perpendicular to the cone axis; and
(b) a free end of the outer leg of the U or V shape is configured to be bounded in the radial direction from the cone axis by a cylinder surface of the receptacle, the cylinder surface defining a cylindrical shape about the cone axis. 20. The centering cone of claim 17 wherein that cone section has a wall thickness in the radial direction from the cone axis that is greater than a wall thickness of the spring section in the radial direction from the cone axis. 21. The centering cone of claim 17 wherein a peak of the U or V shape lies in the axial direction along the cone axis at the height of the largest internal diameter of the cone section. 22. The centering cone of claim 14 wherein the cone section and spring section together have approximately a U-shaped cross-section and wherein a peak of the U shape lies in the axial direction along the cone axis at the height of the smallest internal diameter of the cone section. 23. A clamping device for use in clamping an elongated fastening element in a clamped position, the clamping device including:
(a) a receptacle adapted to receive the elongated fastening element therein when the elongated fastening element is in the clamped position; (b) a clamping element associated with the receptacle, the clamping element being adapted to clamp the elongated fastening element to retain the elongated fastening element in the clamped position; (c) a centering cone including (i) a cone section defining a cone axis, the cone section being ring-shaped and including a cone-shaped internal surface, and (ii) a spring section which is formed with the cone section in one piece and is located radially outwardly from the cone axis relative to the cone section; and (d) wherein the centering cone is received in an operating position within the receptacle with the cone axis substantially aligning with a receptacle axis, and wherein in this operating position the spring section is adapted to apply a radial positioning force to the cone section in a radial direction toward the cone axis when the fastening element is in the clamped position in the receptacle, the cone section thereby defining a floating position for the fastening element in the receptacle. 24. The clamping device claim 23 wherein:
(a) the receptacle is rotationally symmetrical to the receptacle axis;
(b) the centering cone is positioned in the receptacle such that a portion of the cone-shaped internal surface contacts a portion of a conical external surface of the fastening element when the fastening element is in the clamped position;
(c) the receptacle includes a radial extension forming a step which includes a contact surface extending transverse to the receptacle axis; and
(d) the centering cone when received in the operating position within the receptacle resides in contact with the contact surface. 25. The clamping device of claim 24 wherein the radial extension is bounded in a radial direction from the receptacle axis by a wall which resides in contact with an outermost part of the spring section when the centering cone is received in the operating position. 26. The clamping device of claim 24 wherein at least the cone section is mounted in a floating position relative to the receptacle when the centering cone is received in the operating position. 27. The clamping device of claim 24 wherein a depth of the radial extension in a direction parallel to the receptacle axis is no less than an axial length of the centering cone so that the centering cone received in the operating position resides entirely within a volume of the radial extension. 28. The clamping device of claim 23 wherein:
(a) the cone section and spring section together have an approximately U-shaped or V-shaped cross-section;
(b) the cone section comprises an inner leg of the U or V shape in the radial direction from the cone axis; and
(c) the spring section an outer leg of the U or V shape in the radial direction from the cone axis. 29. The clamping device of claim 28 wherein the inner leg of the U or V shape comprising the cone section is longer than the outer leg of the U or V shape comprising the spring section in the direction of the cone axis. | A centering cone for positioning a fastening element in a receptacle of a clamping device. The centering cone has an internally located cone section with a cone-shaped inner surface to which a one-piece spring section is connected in a radial direction. The spring section is configured to deform slightly under a radially applied force to provide a certain tolerance for receiving the fastening element.1-13. (canceled) 14. A centering cone for use in a clamping device having a receptacle and a clamping element associated with the receptacle, wherein the receptacle is adapted to receive an elongated fastening element and the clamping element is adapted to clamp the elongated fastening element in a clamped position in the receptacle, the centering cone including:
(a) a cone section defining a cone axis, the cone section being ring-shaped and including a cone-shaped internal surface; (b) a spring section which is formed with the cone section in one piece and is located radially outwardly from the cone axis relative to the cone section; and (c) wherein the cone section and spring section are adapted to be received in an operating position within the receptacle with the cone axis substantially aligning with an axis of the receptacle, and wherein in this operating position the spring section is adapted to apply a radial positioning force on the cone section in a radial direction toward the cone axis when the fastening element is in the clamped position in the receptacle, the cone section thereby defining a floating position for the fastening element in the receptacle. 15. The centering cone of claim 14 wherein the cone section is relatively more rigid than the spring section. 16. The centering cone of claim 14 wherein the spring section is elastically deformed when applying the radial positioning force to the cone section. 17. The centering cone of claim 14 wherein:
(a) the cone section and spring section together have an approximately U-shaped or V-shaped cross-section;
(b) the cone section comprises an inner leg of the U or V shape in a radial direction from the cone axis; and
(c) the spring section comprises an outer leg of the U or V shape in the radial direction from the cone axis. 18. The centering cone of claim 17 wherein the inner leg of the U or V shape comprising the cone section is longer than the outer leg of the U or V shape comprising the spring section in the direction of the cone axis. 19. The centering cone of claim 17 wherein:
(a) a free end of the inner leg of the U or V shape is configured to be bounded by a sliding surface of the receptacle when the cone section and spring section are in the operating position within the receptacle, the sliding surface extending perpendicular to the cone axis; and
(b) a free end of the outer leg of the U or V shape is configured to be bounded in the radial direction from the cone axis by a cylinder surface of the receptacle, the cylinder surface defining a cylindrical shape about the cone axis. 20. The centering cone of claim 17 wherein that cone section has a wall thickness in the radial direction from the cone axis that is greater than a wall thickness of the spring section in the radial direction from the cone axis. 21. The centering cone of claim 17 wherein a peak of the U or V shape lies in the axial direction along the cone axis at the height of the largest internal diameter of the cone section. 22. The centering cone of claim 14 wherein the cone section and spring section together have approximately a U-shaped cross-section and wherein a peak of the U shape lies in the axial direction along the cone axis at the height of the smallest internal diameter of the cone section. 23. A clamping device for use in clamping an elongated fastening element in a clamped position, the clamping device including:
(a) a receptacle adapted to receive the elongated fastening element therein when the elongated fastening element is in the clamped position; (b) a clamping element associated with the receptacle, the clamping element being adapted to clamp the elongated fastening element to retain the elongated fastening element in the clamped position; (c) a centering cone including (i) a cone section defining a cone axis, the cone section being ring-shaped and including a cone-shaped internal surface, and (ii) a spring section which is formed with the cone section in one piece and is located radially outwardly from the cone axis relative to the cone section; and (d) wherein the centering cone is received in an operating position within the receptacle with the cone axis substantially aligning with a receptacle axis, and wherein in this operating position the spring section is adapted to apply a radial positioning force to the cone section in a radial direction toward the cone axis when the fastening element is in the clamped position in the receptacle, the cone section thereby defining a floating position for the fastening element in the receptacle. 24. The clamping device claim 23 wherein:
(a) the receptacle is rotationally symmetrical to the receptacle axis;
(b) the centering cone is positioned in the receptacle such that a portion of the cone-shaped internal surface contacts a portion of a conical external surface of the fastening element when the fastening element is in the clamped position;
(c) the receptacle includes a radial extension forming a step which includes a contact surface extending transverse to the receptacle axis; and
(d) the centering cone when received in the operating position within the receptacle resides in contact with the contact surface. 25. The clamping device of claim 24 wherein the radial extension is bounded in a radial direction from the receptacle axis by a wall which resides in contact with an outermost part of the spring section when the centering cone is received in the operating position. 26. The clamping device of claim 24 wherein at least the cone section is mounted in a floating position relative to the receptacle when the centering cone is received in the operating position. 27. The clamping device of claim 24 wherein a depth of the radial extension in a direction parallel to the receptacle axis is no less than an axial length of the centering cone so that the centering cone received in the operating position resides entirely within a volume of the radial extension. 28. The clamping device of claim 23 wherein:
(a) the cone section and spring section together have an approximately U-shaped or V-shaped cross-section;
(b) the cone section comprises an inner leg of the U or V shape in the radial direction from the cone axis; and
(c) the spring section an outer leg of the U or V shape in the radial direction from the cone axis. 29. The clamping device of claim 28 wherein the inner leg of the U or V shape comprising the cone section is longer than the outer leg of the U or V shape comprising the spring section in the direction of the cone axis. | 3,700 |
345,118 | 16,643,019 | 3,723 | A mobile fire protection system comprises a first radiation detector for detecting radiation emitted by a flame in a monitoring region. A container holds fire suppression agent, the container being in selective fluid flow communication via a passage with an outlet for discharging the fire suppression agent. A mobile support structure carries the container. A valve is selectively movable between a closed state, wherein the fire suppression agent remains captive within the container, and an open state, wherein flow of the fire suppression agent from the container towards the outlet is enabled. A controller is configured, responsive to the first radiation detector detecting radiation emitted by the flame in the monitoring region, to cause the valve to move to the open state to discharge the fire suppression agent via the passage and the outlet towards the flame. | 1. A mobile fire protection system comprising:
a first radiation detector for detecting radiation emitted by a flame in a monitoring region; a container for holding fire suppression agent, the container being in selective fluid flow communication via a passage with an outlet for discharging the fire suppression agent; a mobile support structure for carrying the container; a separate support whereto the outlet is mounted, the passage being releasably attachable to the outlet on the separate support; a valve that is selectively movable between a closed state, wherein the fire suppression agent remains captive within the container, and an open state, wherein flow of the fire suppression agent from the container towards the outlet is enabled; and a controller which is configured, responsive to the first radiation detector detecting radiation emitted by the flame in the monitoring region, to cause the valve to automatically move to the open state to discharge the fire suppression agent via the passage and the outlet towards the flame. 2. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first radiation detector is a first wideband radiation detector having a detection range in a wide wavelength band having a width of at least 2 μm to 3 μm, alternatively a width of at least 3 μm to 5 μm, alternatively a width of at least 1 μm to 7.5 μm. 3. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 2, wherein a first passband filter is applied to the first wideband radiation detector to limit the width of the detection range of the first wideband radiation detector to a first narrow wavelength band, thereby enabling the first wideband radiation detector to detect radiation emitted by the flame in the first narrow wavelength band. 4. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first narrow wavelength band is between 2.5 μm and 3.2 μm so that flame radiation at a wavelength of 2.7 μm or 2.8 μm or 2.9 μm or 3 μm is detected by the first radiation detector, alternatively wherein the first narrow wavelength band is between 4 μm to 5 μm, so that flame radiation at a wavelength of 4.1 μm or 4.2 μm or 4.3 μm or 4.4 μm or 4.5 μm is detected. 5. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first radiation detector is resistant to detecting solar radiation and/or radiation emitted by a human or mammal body. 6. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system includes a second radiation detector. 7. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 6, wherein at least one of the first and second radiation detectors are carried by either the mobile support structure, or the separate support. 8. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the first radiation detector is a first wideband radiation detector and a first passband filter is applied to the first wideband radiation detector to limit the width of the detection range of the first wideband radiation detector to a first narrow wavelength band, thereby enabling the first wideband radiation detector to detect radiation emitted by the flame in the first narrow wavelength band, and wherein the second radiation detector is a second wideband radiation detector and wherein a second passband filter is applied to the second wideband radiation detector to enable the second wideband radiation detector to detect radiation emitted by the flame in a second narrow wavelength band that is different from the first narrow wavelength band detected by the first wideband radiation detector. 9. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 8, wherein the first narrow wavelength band is between 2.6 μm and 3 μm and wherein the second narrow wavelength band is between 3.5 μm and 4.5 μm, so that the first radiation detector is configured to detect radiation emitted by the flame in a wavelength region of 2.8 μm, and the second radiation detector is configured to detect radiation emitted by the flame in a wavelength region of 4.3 μm. 10. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the system includes a comparing component configured to compare a value of the radiation detected by one of the first and second radiation detectors to a threshold value and to cause the valve to move to the open state when the radiation detected by the one of the first and second radiation detectors exceeds the threshold value. 11. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to determine whether a frequency of the detected radiation is greater than a predetermined value, and only to be responsive to detected radiation having a frequency of less than the predetermined value. 12. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 8, wherein the first and second radiation detectors are each in the form of a thermopile configured to detect radiation emitted by the flame and wherein a transparent or translucent optic is provided for each of the first and second radiation detectors, the optic comprising a body having a layer provided thereon and wherein the first and second passband filter respectively comprises the layer, the layer being configured to filter the detected radiation to enable the narrower wavelength band including radiation emitted by the flame to pass the filter layer and to be detected by the first and second radiation detector respectively. 13. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mobile support structure is in the form of a trolley having one or more wheels. 14. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outlet-and the separate support are provided at a remote location from the mobile support structure. 15. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system is provided at a fuel station, wherein fuel-related equipment is monitored by the system, and wherein the monitoring region is a region at the fuel station where hydrocarbon fuel or other flammable fuel is located. 16. A method of providing mobile protection against a fire, the method comprising:
providing a first radiation detector for detecting radiation emitted by a flame in a monitoring region; providing a container for holding fire suppression agent and enabling the container to be in selective fluid flow communication via a passage with an outlet for discharging the fire suppression agent; providing a mobile support structure for carrying the container; providing a separate support whereto the outlet is mounted, the passage being arranged for releasable attachment to the outlet on the separate support; between the container and the outlet, interposing a valve that is selectively movable between a closed state, wherein the fire suppression agent remains captive within the container, and an open state, wherein flow of the fire suppression agent from the container towards the outlet is enabled; and responsive to the first radiation detector detecting radiation emitted by the flame in the monitoring region, causing the valve to automatically move to the open state to discharge the fire suppression agent via the passage and the outlet towards the flame. 17. The method as claimed in claim 16, wherein the method includes the step of providing the outlet and the separate support at a remote location from the mobile support structure. | A mobile fire protection system comprises a first radiation detector for detecting radiation emitted by a flame in a monitoring region. A container holds fire suppression agent, the container being in selective fluid flow communication via a passage with an outlet for discharging the fire suppression agent. A mobile support structure carries the container. A valve is selectively movable between a closed state, wherein the fire suppression agent remains captive within the container, and an open state, wherein flow of the fire suppression agent from the container towards the outlet is enabled. A controller is configured, responsive to the first radiation detector detecting radiation emitted by the flame in the monitoring region, to cause the valve to move to the open state to discharge the fire suppression agent via the passage and the outlet towards the flame.1. A mobile fire protection system comprising:
a first radiation detector for detecting radiation emitted by a flame in a monitoring region; a container for holding fire suppression agent, the container being in selective fluid flow communication via a passage with an outlet for discharging the fire suppression agent; a mobile support structure for carrying the container; a separate support whereto the outlet is mounted, the passage being releasably attachable to the outlet on the separate support; a valve that is selectively movable between a closed state, wherein the fire suppression agent remains captive within the container, and an open state, wherein flow of the fire suppression agent from the container towards the outlet is enabled; and a controller which is configured, responsive to the first radiation detector detecting radiation emitted by the flame in the monitoring region, to cause the valve to automatically move to the open state to discharge the fire suppression agent via the passage and the outlet towards the flame. 2. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first radiation detector is a first wideband radiation detector having a detection range in a wide wavelength band having a width of at least 2 μm to 3 μm, alternatively a width of at least 3 μm to 5 μm, alternatively a width of at least 1 μm to 7.5 μm. 3. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 2, wherein a first passband filter is applied to the first wideband radiation detector to limit the width of the detection range of the first wideband radiation detector to a first narrow wavelength band, thereby enabling the first wideband radiation detector to detect radiation emitted by the flame in the first narrow wavelength band. 4. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first narrow wavelength band is between 2.5 μm and 3.2 μm so that flame radiation at a wavelength of 2.7 μm or 2.8 μm or 2.9 μm or 3 μm is detected by the first radiation detector, alternatively wherein the first narrow wavelength band is between 4 μm to 5 μm, so that flame radiation at a wavelength of 4.1 μm or 4.2 μm or 4.3 μm or 4.4 μm or 4.5 μm is detected. 5. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first radiation detector is resistant to detecting solar radiation and/or radiation emitted by a human or mammal body. 6. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system includes a second radiation detector. 7. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 6, wherein at least one of the first and second radiation detectors are carried by either the mobile support structure, or the separate support. 8. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the first radiation detector is a first wideband radiation detector and a first passband filter is applied to the first wideband radiation detector to limit the width of the detection range of the first wideband radiation detector to a first narrow wavelength band, thereby enabling the first wideband radiation detector to detect radiation emitted by the flame in the first narrow wavelength band, and wherein the second radiation detector is a second wideband radiation detector and wherein a second passband filter is applied to the second wideband radiation detector to enable the second wideband radiation detector to detect radiation emitted by the flame in a second narrow wavelength band that is different from the first narrow wavelength band detected by the first wideband radiation detector. 9. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 8, wherein the first narrow wavelength band is between 2.6 μm and 3 μm and wherein the second narrow wavelength band is between 3.5 μm and 4.5 μm, so that the first radiation detector is configured to detect radiation emitted by the flame in a wavelength region of 2.8 μm, and the second radiation detector is configured to detect radiation emitted by the flame in a wavelength region of 4.3 μm. 10. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the system includes a comparing component configured to compare a value of the radiation detected by one of the first and second radiation detectors to a threshold value and to cause the valve to move to the open state when the radiation detected by the one of the first and second radiation detectors exceeds the threshold value. 11. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to determine whether a frequency of the detected radiation is greater than a predetermined value, and only to be responsive to detected radiation having a frequency of less than the predetermined value. 12. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 8, wherein the first and second radiation detectors are each in the form of a thermopile configured to detect radiation emitted by the flame and wherein a transparent or translucent optic is provided for each of the first and second radiation detectors, the optic comprising a body having a layer provided thereon and wherein the first and second passband filter respectively comprises the layer, the layer being configured to filter the detected radiation to enable the narrower wavelength band including radiation emitted by the flame to pass the filter layer and to be detected by the first and second radiation detector respectively. 13. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mobile support structure is in the form of a trolley having one or more wheels. 14. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outlet-and the separate support are provided at a remote location from the mobile support structure. 15. The mobile fire protection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system is provided at a fuel station, wherein fuel-related equipment is monitored by the system, and wherein the monitoring region is a region at the fuel station where hydrocarbon fuel or other flammable fuel is located. 16. A method of providing mobile protection against a fire, the method comprising:
providing a first radiation detector for detecting radiation emitted by a flame in a monitoring region; providing a container for holding fire suppression agent and enabling the container to be in selective fluid flow communication via a passage with an outlet for discharging the fire suppression agent; providing a mobile support structure for carrying the container; providing a separate support whereto the outlet is mounted, the passage being arranged for releasable attachment to the outlet on the separate support; between the container and the outlet, interposing a valve that is selectively movable between a closed state, wherein the fire suppression agent remains captive within the container, and an open state, wherein flow of the fire suppression agent from the container towards the outlet is enabled; and responsive to the first radiation detector detecting radiation emitted by the flame in the monitoring region, causing the valve to automatically move to the open state to discharge the fire suppression agent via the passage and the outlet towards the flame. 17. The method as claimed in claim 16, wherein the method includes the step of providing the outlet and the separate support at a remote location from the mobile support structure. | 3,700 |
345,119 | 16,643,005 | 3,723 | This water-in-oil emulsion-type stick-shaped deodorant composition contains: (A) a volatile component having a boiling point of 250° C. or less, where the total amount of water and ethanol in the (A) component is 83-100 mass %; (B) component (B-1), component (B-2), or a combination of components (B-1) and (B-2), wherein component (B-1) is an antiperspirant and component (B-2) is a fungicide; (C) a crosslinked silicone surfactant; (D) a non-crosslinked silicone surfactant; and (E) an oily component which has a solid phase at 25° C. | 1. A water-in-oil emulsion type stick-shaped deodorant composition comprising
(A) 30 to 70% by weight of a volatile component having a boiling point of up to 250° C., the total of water and ethanol in component (A) being 83 to 100% by weight, (B) either one of (B-1) an antiperspirant and (B-2) a bactericide, or a combination of (B-1) and (B-2), (C) a crosslinked silicone surfactant, (D) a non-crosslinked silicone surfactant, and (E) an oily component which is solid at 25° C. 2. The stick-shaped deodorant composition of claim 1 wherein component (B-1) is at least one antiperspirant selected from the group consisting of aluminum hydrochloride, allantoin aluminum hydrochloride, aluminum chloride, allantoin aluminum salt, tannic acid, persimmon tannin, aluminum potassium sulfate, zinc oxide, zinc p-phenol sulfonate, dry aluminum potassium sulfate, aluminum zirconium tetrachlorohydrate, and aluminum zirconium trichlorohydrex gly. 3. The stick-shaped deodorant composition of claim 1 wherein component (B-2) is at least one bactericide selected from the group consisting of triclosan, benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, chlorhexidine hydrochloride, chlorhexidine gluconate, cloflucarban, isopropyl methyl phenol, and salicylic acid. 4. The stick-shaped deodorant composition of claim 1 wherein component (E) is at least one oily component selected from the group consisting of carnauba wax, candelilla wax, rice wax, Japan wax, beeswax, spermaceti, solid paraffin, polyethylene, ceresin, ozokerite, microcrystalline wax, synthetic wax, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, cetanol, stearic acid, behenic acid, and silicone wax. 5. The stick-shaped deodorant composition of claim 1 wherein the amount of component (B-1) blended is 0.1 to 30% by weight when it is used, the amount of component (B-2) blended is 0.05 to 2% by weight when it is used, the amount of component (C) blended is 0.15 to 3% by weight, and the amount of component (D) blended is 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the deodorant composition. | This water-in-oil emulsion-type stick-shaped deodorant composition contains: (A) a volatile component having a boiling point of 250° C. or less, where the total amount of water and ethanol in the (A) component is 83-100 mass %; (B) component (B-1), component (B-2), or a combination of components (B-1) and (B-2), wherein component (B-1) is an antiperspirant and component (B-2) is a fungicide; (C) a crosslinked silicone surfactant; (D) a non-crosslinked silicone surfactant; and (E) an oily component which has a solid phase at 25° C.1. A water-in-oil emulsion type stick-shaped deodorant composition comprising
(A) 30 to 70% by weight of a volatile component having a boiling point of up to 250° C., the total of water and ethanol in component (A) being 83 to 100% by weight, (B) either one of (B-1) an antiperspirant and (B-2) a bactericide, or a combination of (B-1) and (B-2), (C) a crosslinked silicone surfactant, (D) a non-crosslinked silicone surfactant, and (E) an oily component which is solid at 25° C. 2. The stick-shaped deodorant composition of claim 1 wherein component (B-1) is at least one antiperspirant selected from the group consisting of aluminum hydrochloride, allantoin aluminum hydrochloride, aluminum chloride, allantoin aluminum salt, tannic acid, persimmon tannin, aluminum potassium sulfate, zinc oxide, zinc p-phenol sulfonate, dry aluminum potassium sulfate, aluminum zirconium tetrachlorohydrate, and aluminum zirconium trichlorohydrex gly. 3. The stick-shaped deodorant composition of claim 1 wherein component (B-2) is at least one bactericide selected from the group consisting of triclosan, benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, chlorhexidine hydrochloride, chlorhexidine gluconate, cloflucarban, isopropyl methyl phenol, and salicylic acid. 4. The stick-shaped deodorant composition of claim 1 wherein component (E) is at least one oily component selected from the group consisting of carnauba wax, candelilla wax, rice wax, Japan wax, beeswax, spermaceti, solid paraffin, polyethylene, ceresin, ozokerite, microcrystalline wax, synthetic wax, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, cetanol, stearic acid, behenic acid, and silicone wax. 5. The stick-shaped deodorant composition of claim 1 wherein the amount of component (B-1) blended is 0.1 to 30% by weight when it is used, the amount of component (B-2) blended is 0.05 to 2% by weight when it is used, the amount of component (C) blended is 0.15 to 3% by weight, and the amount of component (D) blended is 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the deodorant composition. | 3,700 |
345,120 | 16,643,008 | 3,723 | Described herein is a method for predicting the methane (CH4) emission of a dairy cow, the method including: | 1. Method A method for predicting methane (CH4) emission of a dairy cow, the method comprising:
a) determining a total amount of milk of a dairy cow per one day; b) determining an energy corrected milk value (ECM) of the milk of the dairy cow of the same day as in a); c) determining a weight percentage amount of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) of total milk fat of the dairy cow of the same day as in a) and a weight percentage amount of stearic acid (C18:0) of the total milk fat of the dairy cow of the same day as in a); d) calculating a daily amount of methane emitted by the dairy cow based on the ECM as determined according to b), the weight percentage amount of SFAs of the total milk fat as determined according to c) and the weight percentage amount of C18:0 of the total milk fat as determined according to c). 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the calculation of the daily amount of methane emitted by the dairy cow according to d) is based on regression equation 1:
CH4 [liter/day]=−1363.7+9.58×ECM [kg/day]+18.5×SFAs [%]+32.4×C18:0 [%] —equation 1— 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the weight percentage amount of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) of the total milk fat according to c) is at least a sum of weight percentage amounts of capric acid (C10:0), myristic acid (C14:0), palmitic acid (C16:0) and stearic acid (C18:0) of the total milk fat. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the weight percentage amount of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) according to c) and the weight percentage amount of stearic acid (C18:0) according to c) of the total milk fat of the dairy cow is determined by infrared spectroscopy. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ECM according to b) is determined according to regression equation 2:
ECM [kg/day]=((1.05+0.38×F [%]+0.21×P [%])/3.28)×M [kg/day] —equation 2—
wherein: “M” means the total amount of milk of a dairy cow per one day as determined in a); “F” means the weight percentage amount of fat contained in the milk of the dairy cow per one day as determined in a); and “P” means the weight percentage amount of protein contained in the milk of a dairy cow per one day as determined in a). 6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the weight percentage amount of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) of the total milk fat according to c) is at least the sum of the weight percentage amounts of butanoic acid (C4:0), hexanoic acid (C6:0), octanoic acid (C8:0), capric acid (C10:0), lauric acid (C12:0), iso-lauric acid (C12:0-iso), anteiso-lauric acid (C12:0-anteiso), tridecanoic acid (C13:0), myristic acid (C14:0), iso-myristic acid (C14:0-iso), anteiso-myristic acid (C14:0-anteiso), pentadecanoic acid (C15:0), iso-pentadecanoic acid (C15:0-iso), palmitic acid (C16:0), iso-palmitic acid (C16:0-iso), anteiso-palmitic acid (C16:0-anteiso), heptadecanoic acid (C17:0), iso-heptadecanoic acid (C17:0-iso), anteiso-heptadecanoic acid (C17:0-anteiso), stearic acid (C18:0), nonadecanoic acid (C19:0), eicosanoic acid (C20:0) and docosanoic acid (C22:0) of the total milk fat. | Described herein is a method for predicting the methane (CH4) emission of a dairy cow, the method including:1. Method A method for predicting methane (CH4) emission of a dairy cow, the method comprising:
a) determining a total amount of milk of a dairy cow per one day; b) determining an energy corrected milk value (ECM) of the milk of the dairy cow of the same day as in a); c) determining a weight percentage amount of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) of total milk fat of the dairy cow of the same day as in a) and a weight percentage amount of stearic acid (C18:0) of the total milk fat of the dairy cow of the same day as in a); d) calculating a daily amount of methane emitted by the dairy cow based on the ECM as determined according to b), the weight percentage amount of SFAs of the total milk fat as determined according to c) and the weight percentage amount of C18:0 of the total milk fat as determined according to c). 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the calculation of the daily amount of methane emitted by the dairy cow according to d) is based on regression equation 1:
CH4 [liter/day]=−1363.7+9.58×ECM [kg/day]+18.5×SFAs [%]+32.4×C18:0 [%] —equation 1— 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the weight percentage amount of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) of the total milk fat according to c) is at least a sum of weight percentage amounts of capric acid (C10:0), myristic acid (C14:0), palmitic acid (C16:0) and stearic acid (C18:0) of the total milk fat. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the weight percentage amount of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) according to c) and the weight percentage amount of stearic acid (C18:0) according to c) of the total milk fat of the dairy cow is determined by infrared spectroscopy. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ECM according to b) is determined according to regression equation 2:
ECM [kg/day]=((1.05+0.38×F [%]+0.21×P [%])/3.28)×M [kg/day] —equation 2—
wherein: “M” means the total amount of milk of a dairy cow per one day as determined in a); “F” means the weight percentage amount of fat contained in the milk of the dairy cow per one day as determined in a); and “P” means the weight percentage amount of protein contained in the milk of a dairy cow per one day as determined in a). 6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the weight percentage amount of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) of the total milk fat according to c) is at least the sum of the weight percentage amounts of butanoic acid (C4:0), hexanoic acid (C6:0), octanoic acid (C8:0), capric acid (C10:0), lauric acid (C12:0), iso-lauric acid (C12:0-iso), anteiso-lauric acid (C12:0-anteiso), tridecanoic acid (C13:0), myristic acid (C14:0), iso-myristic acid (C14:0-iso), anteiso-myristic acid (C14:0-anteiso), pentadecanoic acid (C15:0), iso-pentadecanoic acid (C15:0-iso), palmitic acid (C16:0), iso-palmitic acid (C16:0-iso), anteiso-palmitic acid (C16:0-anteiso), heptadecanoic acid (C17:0), iso-heptadecanoic acid (C17:0-iso), anteiso-heptadecanoic acid (C17:0-anteiso), stearic acid (C18:0), nonadecanoic acid (C19:0), eicosanoic acid (C20:0) and docosanoic acid (C22:0) of the total milk fat. | 3,700 |
345,121 | 16,643,021 | 3,723 | A brake disc assembly may have a brake band, a bell, and at least one connecting device, which forms a connection between the brake band and the bell. The connecting device and the bell cooperate by delimiting at least one axial band seat where the brake band may slide in an axial direction of a predetermined axial stroke. The bell may have at least a first end-of-stroke surface which forms a first abutment surface in the axial direction for the brake band. The connecting device may have a second end-of-stroke surface, opposite to said first end-of-stroke surface, which forms a second opposite abutment surface in the axial direction for the brake band. | 1-10. (canceled) 11. A brake disc assembly comprising:
a brake band, a bell, adapted to be operatively connected to a vehicle wheel associable with the brake disc assembly; at least one connecting device, which forms a connection between said brake band and said bell; said connecting device and said bell cooperate by delimiting at least one axial band seat where the brake band may slide in an axial direction of a predetermined axial stroke; wherein: said bell comprises at least a first end-of-stroke surface which forms a first abutment surface in the axial direction for said brake band; said connecting device comprises a second end-of-stroke surface, opposite to said first end-of-stroke surface, which forms a second opposite abutment surface in the axial direction for said brake band; and wherein: said connecting device comprises at least one male element, which is accommodated in at least one male element bell seat obtained in said bell; said male element comprises at least one bell abutment surface; said bell comprises at least one male element abutment surface; said bell abutment surface of the male element forming an abutment surface in the axial direction for said male element abutment surface of the bell so as to avoid said connecting device and said bell from tightening said brake band therebetween; wherein said male element has a male element body, wherein said bell abutment surface of the male element receiving the direct support of the bell is made in one piece with said male element body. 12. The brake disc assembly according to claim 11, wherein said brake band may slide in said axial band seat of said predetermined axial stroke without being biased; and/or wherein
said predetermined axial stroke of the brake band is less than 1 millimeter, including less than 0.5 millimeters; and/or wherein said predetermined axial stroke of the brake band is substantially equal to 0.3 millimeters; and/or wherein and/or wherein said male element body is integrally made in one piece, avoiding to delimit through holes longitudinally directed in said male element body; and/or wherein said bell is made of aluminum or aluminum alloy. 13. The brake disc assembly according to claim 11, wherein said stem of the male element body comprises a proximal stem portion which forms a step with said head, so that at least one surface of said underhead portion is adapted to face said wheel-oriented male element side; and/or wherein
said stem of the male element body comprises an intermediate stem portion which forms a step with said proximal stem portion, so that a surface of said proximal stem portion is adapted to face said wheel-oriented male element side; and/or wherein said proximal stem portion has a surface forming said bell abutment surface facing said intermediate stem portion; and/or wherein said proximal stem portion comprises said bell abutment surface; and/or wherein said stem of the male element body comprises a distal stem portion which forms a step with said intermediate stem portion so that at least one surface of said intermediate stem portion is adapted to face said wheel-oriented male element side. 14. The brake disc assembly according to claim 11, wherein said connecting device comprises at least one elastic element which exerts an elastic bias aimed at axially tightening said bell and said connecting device together, avoiding to elastically bias the brake band; and/or wherein
said elastic element is substantially annular in shape to embrace a portion of the stem of said male element; and/or wherein said elastic element biases the male element abutment surface of the bell abutting against the bell abutment surface of the male element, so that said elastic element elastically biases said first end-of-stroke surface of the bell when approaching said second end-of-stroke surface, avoiding to elastically bias said brake band; and/or wherein said elastic element biases at least one of said first end-of-stroke surface of the bell and said second end-of-stroke surface of the connecting device abutting against an abutment surface of the male element body or of the bell, respectively, so as to provide at least one of said first end-of-stroke surface and said second end-of-stroke surface with a minimum compliance; and/or wherein said elastic element forms a barrier, including around the body of said male element, to limit the entry and accumulation of dusts and/or debris in the male element seat of the band; and/or wherein said elastic element forms a barrier, including around the body of said male element, to prevent dusts and/or debris from entering and accumulating at least in the male element seat of the bell; and/or wherein said elastic element comprises a dustproof wall of elastic element embracing at least one portion of said stem of the male element to limit the entry and accumulation of dusts and/or debris in the male element seat of the band and to prevent dusts and/or debris from entering and accumulating at least in the male element seat of the bell; and/or wherein said male element seat of the bell is a through hole, including putting into communication one vehicle-oriented bell side with a wheel-oriented bell side. 15. The brake disc assembly according to claim 11, wherein said connecting device comprises at least one connecting ring which is fixed by means of said male element to at least said bell, said connecting ring forming said second end-of-stroke surface of the axial band seat; and/or wherein
said elastic element elastically biases said connecting ring abutting against a ring abutment surface of said bell. 16. The brake disc assembly according to claim 11, wherein said underhead portion of the male element comprises said second opposite end-of-stroke surface so that said axial band seat is delimited by said first end-of-stroke surface of the bell and by said second opposite end-of-stroke surface of the underhead portion of the male element; and/or wherein
said first end-of-stroke surface of the bell is axially flush with said male element abutment surface of the bell; and/or wherein said first end-of-stroke surface of the bell and said male element abutment surface of the bell are two substantially annular portions of the same surface, wherein said first end-of-stroke surface substantially surrounds said male element abutment surface; and/or wherein said connecting device comprises at least one nut fitted onto a portion of said stem, wherein said nut forms an axial abutment surface for said elastic element so that said elastic element exerts an elastic bias between said nut and said bell, in order to abut said male element abutment surface of the bell against said bell abutment surface of the male element body; and/or wherein said brake band comprises at least one male element seat of the band which accommodates at least one portion of said male element; and/or wherein said male element seat of the band defines, on said brake band, an opening which is substantially quadrilateral in shape for accessing the seat; and/or wherein said male element bell seat of the bell defines, on said bell, an opening which is substantially circular in shape for accessing the seat; and/or wherein said nut cooperates with said elastic element to limit the entry and accumulation of dusts and/or debris in the male element seat of the band. 17. A male element of a connecting device adapted to form a connection between a brake band and a bell of a brake disc assembly, said connecting device and said bell being adapted to cooperate to delimit at least one axial band seat where the brake band may slide in an axial direction of a predetermined axial stroke;
wherein said male element comprises a male element body having a predominant extension along a longitudinal direction; said male element body comprising a vehicle-oriented male element side, adapted to face the vehicle, when under operating conditions, and a wheel-oriented male element side opposite to said vehicle-oriented male element side and adapted to face a vehicle wheel, when under operating conditions; and wherein said male element body comprises at least a second end-of-stroke surface, opposite to a first end-of-stroke surface of the bell and adapted to form an abutment surface for said brake band; said male element body comprises at least one bell abutment surface, adapted to form an abutment surface for a portion of said bell; and wherein said second end-of-stroke surface and said bell abutment surface are made in one piece with said male element body. 18. The male element according to claim 17, wherein said male element body comprises a head comprising an underhead portion and a stem which extends from said underhead portion; and/or wherein
said stem comprises a first stem portion which forms a step with said head, so that at least one surface of said underhead portion is adapted to face said wheel-oriented male element side; and/or wherein said underhead portion, adapted to face said wheel-oriented male element side, comprises said second end-of-stroke surface; and/or wherein said stem comprises a second stem portion which forms a step with said proximal stem portion, so that a surface of said proximal stem portion is adapted to face said wheel-oriented male element side; and/or wherein said surface of said proximal stem portion adapted to face said wheel-oriented male element side comprises said bell abutment surface; and/or wherein said bell abutment surface and said second end-of-stroke surface are oriented towards the same side of the male element body, preferably said wheel-oriented male element side. 19. A brake disc assembly comprising:
a brake band; a bell, adapted to be operatively connected to a vehicle wheel associable with the brake disc assembly; at least one connecting device, which forms a connection between said brake band and said bell; said connecting device and said bell cooperate by delimiting at least one axial band seat where the brake band may slide in an axial direction of a predetermined axial stroke; wherein: said bell comprises at least a first end-of-stroke surface which forms a first abutment surface in the axial direction for said brake band; and wherein: said connecting device comprises at least one male element, which is accommodated in at least one male element bell seat obtained in said bell; said male element comprises at least one bell abutment surface; said bell comprises at least one male element abutment surface; said bell abutment surface of the male element forming an abutment surface in the axial direction for said male element abutment surface of the bell so as to avoid said connecting device and said bell from tightening said brake band therebetween; said male element body has a predominant extension along a longitudinal direction and comprises a vehicle-oriented male element side, adapted to face the vehicle, when under operating conditions, and a wheel-oriented male element side opposite to said vehicle-oriented male element side and adapted to face a vehicle wheel, when under operating conditions; wherein said male element body comprises said axial bell abutment surface and a brake band abutment surface, forming a direct or indirect axial abutment surface, through the interposition of at least one of a connecting ring and an elastic element, for said brake band; and wherein said axial bell abutment surface and said brake band abutment surface are oriented towards the same side. 20. The brake disc assembly according to claim 19, wherein said wheel-oriented male element side comprises both said axial bell abutment surface and said brake band abutment surface; and/or wherein
when under operating conditions, said longitudinal direction of said male element is parallel to or coincident with the axial direction. | A brake disc assembly may have a brake band, a bell, and at least one connecting device, which forms a connection between the brake band and the bell. The connecting device and the bell cooperate by delimiting at least one axial band seat where the brake band may slide in an axial direction of a predetermined axial stroke. The bell may have at least a first end-of-stroke surface which forms a first abutment surface in the axial direction for the brake band. The connecting device may have a second end-of-stroke surface, opposite to said first end-of-stroke surface, which forms a second opposite abutment surface in the axial direction for the brake band.1-10. (canceled) 11. A brake disc assembly comprising:
a brake band, a bell, adapted to be operatively connected to a vehicle wheel associable with the brake disc assembly; at least one connecting device, which forms a connection between said brake band and said bell; said connecting device and said bell cooperate by delimiting at least one axial band seat where the brake band may slide in an axial direction of a predetermined axial stroke; wherein: said bell comprises at least a first end-of-stroke surface which forms a first abutment surface in the axial direction for said brake band; said connecting device comprises a second end-of-stroke surface, opposite to said first end-of-stroke surface, which forms a second opposite abutment surface in the axial direction for said brake band; and wherein: said connecting device comprises at least one male element, which is accommodated in at least one male element bell seat obtained in said bell; said male element comprises at least one bell abutment surface; said bell comprises at least one male element abutment surface; said bell abutment surface of the male element forming an abutment surface in the axial direction for said male element abutment surface of the bell so as to avoid said connecting device and said bell from tightening said brake band therebetween; wherein said male element has a male element body, wherein said bell abutment surface of the male element receiving the direct support of the bell is made in one piece with said male element body. 12. The brake disc assembly according to claim 11, wherein said brake band may slide in said axial band seat of said predetermined axial stroke without being biased; and/or wherein
said predetermined axial stroke of the brake band is less than 1 millimeter, including less than 0.5 millimeters; and/or wherein said predetermined axial stroke of the brake band is substantially equal to 0.3 millimeters; and/or wherein and/or wherein said male element body is integrally made in one piece, avoiding to delimit through holes longitudinally directed in said male element body; and/or wherein said bell is made of aluminum or aluminum alloy. 13. The brake disc assembly according to claim 11, wherein said stem of the male element body comprises a proximal stem portion which forms a step with said head, so that at least one surface of said underhead portion is adapted to face said wheel-oriented male element side; and/or wherein
said stem of the male element body comprises an intermediate stem portion which forms a step with said proximal stem portion, so that a surface of said proximal stem portion is adapted to face said wheel-oriented male element side; and/or wherein said proximal stem portion has a surface forming said bell abutment surface facing said intermediate stem portion; and/or wherein said proximal stem portion comprises said bell abutment surface; and/or wherein said stem of the male element body comprises a distal stem portion which forms a step with said intermediate stem portion so that at least one surface of said intermediate stem portion is adapted to face said wheel-oriented male element side. 14. The brake disc assembly according to claim 11, wherein said connecting device comprises at least one elastic element which exerts an elastic bias aimed at axially tightening said bell and said connecting device together, avoiding to elastically bias the brake band; and/or wherein
said elastic element is substantially annular in shape to embrace a portion of the stem of said male element; and/or wherein said elastic element biases the male element abutment surface of the bell abutting against the bell abutment surface of the male element, so that said elastic element elastically biases said first end-of-stroke surface of the bell when approaching said second end-of-stroke surface, avoiding to elastically bias said brake band; and/or wherein said elastic element biases at least one of said first end-of-stroke surface of the bell and said second end-of-stroke surface of the connecting device abutting against an abutment surface of the male element body or of the bell, respectively, so as to provide at least one of said first end-of-stroke surface and said second end-of-stroke surface with a minimum compliance; and/or wherein said elastic element forms a barrier, including around the body of said male element, to limit the entry and accumulation of dusts and/or debris in the male element seat of the band; and/or wherein said elastic element forms a barrier, including around the body of said male element, to prevent dusts and/or debris from entering and accumulating at least in the male element seat of the bell; and/or wherein said elastic element comprises a dustproof wall of elastic element embracing at least one portion of said stem of the male element to limit the entry and accumulation of dusts and/or debris in the male element seat of the band and to prevent dusts and/or debris from entering and accumulating at least in the male element seat of the bell; and/or wherein said male element seat of the bell is a through hole, including putting into communication one vehicle-oriented bell side with a wheel-oriented bell side. 15. The brake disc assembly according to claim 11, wherein said connecting device comprises at least one connecting ring which is fixed by means of said male element to at least said bell, said connecting ring forming said second end-of-stroke surface of the axial band seat; and/or wherein
said elastic element elastically biases said connecting ring abutting against a ring abutment surface of said bell. 16. The brake disc assembly according to claim 11, wherein said underhead portion of the male element comprises said second opposite end-of-stroke surface so that said axial band seat is delimited by said first end-of-stroke surface of the bell and by said second opposite end-of-stroke surface of the underhead portion of the male element; and/or wherein
said first end-of-stroke surface of the bell is axially flush with said male element abutment surface of the bell; and/or wherein said first end-of-stroke surface of the bell and said male element abutment surface of the bell are two substantially annular portions of the same surface, wherein said first end-of-stroke surface substantially surrounds said male element abutment surface; and/or wherein said connecting device comprises at least one nut fitted onto a portion of said stem, wherein said nut forms an axial abutment surface for said elastic element so that said elastic element exerts an elastic bias between said nut and said bell, in order to abut said male element abutment surface of the bell against said bell abutment surface of the male element body; and/or wherein said brake band comprises at least one male element seat of the band which accommodates at least one portion of said male element; and/or wherein said male element seat of the band defines, on said brake band, an opening which is substantially quadrilateral in shape for accessing the seat; and/or wherein said male element bell seat of the bell defines, on said bell, an opening which is substantially circular in shape for accessing the seat; and/or wherein said nut cooperates with said elastic element to limit the entry and accumulation of dusts and/or debris in the male element seat of the band. 17. A male element of a connecting device adapted to form a connection between a brake band and a bell of a brake disc assembly, said connecting device and said bell being adapted to cooperate to delimit at least one axial band seat where the brake band may slide in an axial direction of a predetermined axial stroke;
wherein said male element comprises a male element body having a predominant extension along a longitudinal direction; said male element body comprising a vehicle-oriented male element side, adapted to face the vehicle, when under operating conditions, and a wheel-oriented male element side opposite to said vehicle-oriented male element side and adapted to face a vehicle wheel, when under operating conditions; and wherein said male element body comprises at least a second end-of-stroke surface, opposite to a first end-of-stroke surface of the bell and adapted to form an abutment surface for said brake band; said male element body comprises at least one bell abutment surface, adapted to form an abutment surface for a portion of said bell; and wherein said second end-of-stroke surface and said bell abutment surface are made in one piece with said male element body. 18. The male element according to claim 17, wherein said male element body comprises a head comprising an underhead portion and a stem which extends from said underhead portion; and/or wherein
said stem comprises a first stem portion which forms a step with said head, so that at least one surface of said underhead portion is adapted to face said wheel-oriented male element side; and/or wherein said underhead portion, adapted to face said wheel-oriented male element side, comprises said second end-of-stroke surface; and/or wherein said stem comprises a second stem portion which forms a step with said proximal stem portion, so that a surface of said proximal stem portion is adapted to face said wheel-oriented male element side; and/or wherein said surface of said proximal stem portion adapted to face said wheel-oriented male element side comprises said bell abutment surface; and/or wherein said bell abutment surface and said second end-of-stroke surface are oriented towards the same side of the male element body, preferably said wheel-oriented male element side. 19. A brake disc assembly comprising:
a brake band; a bell, adapted to be operatively connected to a vehicle wheel associable with the brake disc assembly; at least one connecting device, which forms a connection between said brake band and said bell; said connecting device and said bell cooperate by delimiting at least one axial band seat where the brake band may slide in an axial direction of a predetermined axial stroke; wherein: said bell comprises at least a first end-of-stroke surface which forms a first abutment surface in the axial direction for said brake band; and wherein: said connecting device comprises at least one male element, which is accommodated in at least one male element bell seat obtained in said bell; said male element comprises at least one bell abutment surface; said bell comprises at least one male element abutment surface; said bell abutment surface of the male element forming an abutment surface in the axial direction for said male element abutment surface of the bell so as to avoid said connecting device and said bell from tightening said brake band therebetween; said male element body has a predominant extension along a longitudinal direction and comprises a vehicle-oriented male element side, adapted to face the vehicle, when under operating conditions, and a wheel-oriented male element side opposite to said vehicle-oriented male element side and adapted to face a vehicle wheel, when under operating conditions; wherein said male element body comprises said axial bell abutment surface and a brake band abutment surface, forming a direct or indirect axial abutment surface, through the interposition of at least one of a connecting ring and an elastic element, for said brake band; and wherein said axial bell abutment surface and said brake band abutment surface are oriented towards the same side. 20. The brake disc assembly according to claim 19, wherein said wheel-oriented male element side comprises both said axial bell abutment surface and said brake band abutment surface; and/or wherein
when under operating conditions, said longitudinal direction of said male element is parallel to or coincident with the axial direction. | 3,700 |
345,122 | 16,643,030 | 3,783 | Systems, devices, and methods for delivering a therapeutic or other agent to a breastfeeding child are disclosed herein. A delivery system configured in accordance with the present technology can include, for example, a wearable device configured to be positioned on a breast during breastfeeding. The system can further include an agent source configured to house the agent and a fluid source configured to supply a supplemental fluid. The agent source and fluid source can be fluidly coupled to the wearable device via a connector. When the device is positioned on the breast and the child is breastfeeding, the supplemental fluid mixes with the agent and flows through the connector into the wearable device and into the mouth of the breastfeeding child. | 1. A system for delivering an agent orally to a breastfeeding child, comprising:
a wearable device configured to be positioned adjacent to and/or in contact with a breast of a wearer during breastfeeding and to allow human milk from the breast to pass through the wearable device to the breastfeeding child; an agent source configured to supply the agent; a fluid source configured to supply a fluid; and a connector coupling the wearable device to the fluid source and the agent source, wherein the connector is configured to receive a combined flow of the fluid and the agent, and wherein the wearable device is further configured to allow the combined flow to pass through the wearable device to the child. 2. The system of claim 1 wherein the connector extends between the agent source and the wearable device, wherein the fluid source and the agent source are fluidly coupled in series, and wherein the agent source is configured to receive a flow of the fluid therethrough to produce the combined flow. 3. The system of claim 1 wherein the wearable device is configured to simultaneously allow the human milk and the combined flow to pass through the wearable device to the child. 4. The system of claim 1 wherein the agent source is configured to control (a) mixing of the agent within the agent source and/or (b) flow of the agent within and/or out of the agent source. 5. The system of claim 4 wherein the agent source includes a flexible housing that can be squeezed by the wearer to cause mixing of the agent in the agent source and/or exit of the agent from the agent source into the connector. 6. The system of claim 4 wherein the agent source includes a plunging mechanism positioned within the agent source and a handle portion coupled to the plunging mechanism, wherein movement of the handle portion causes at least a portion of the agent to flow out of the agent source and into the connector. 7. The system of claim 4 wherein the agent source empties of the agent gravimetrically, and wherein a rate of emptying of the agent can be modified by movement of the agent source. 8. The system of claim 4 wherein the agent source has one or more ports configured to receive a mixing device therethrough, the mixing device including at least one of a paddle, whisk, hook, or other component configured to be moved manually within the agent source to promote mixing of the agent. 9. The system of claim 4 wherein the agent source includes a housing and a mixing utensil within the housing, wherein the mixing utensil is configured for movement relative to the housing, and wherein relative movement of the mixing utensil and the housing promotes mixing of the agent within the agent source. 10. The system of claim 1 wherein the agent source contains at least a first channel having a first agent disposed therein and a second channel having a second agent disposed therein, wherein the first agent and the second agent can be the same agent or different agents. 11. The system of claim 1 wherein the agent source contains one or more ports through which the agent can be added to the agent source. 12. The system of claim 1 wherein the agent source includes a first agent source including a first agent and a second agent source including a second agent, wherein the first agent source is fluidly coupled in series to the second agent source, and wherein the first agent and the second agent can be the same agent or different agents. 13. The system of claim 1 wherein the agent source includes multiple exit ports fluidly coupling the agent source to the connector. 14. The system of claim 1 wherein the agent source is perforated and wherein the connector substantially surrounds the agent source. 15. The system of claim 1 wherein the connector is a first connector extending between the agent source and the wearable device, and further comprising a second connector extending between and fluidly coupling the agent source and the wearable device. 16. The system of claim 1 wherein the connector is a first connector extending between the agent source and the wearable device, and further comprising a second connector extending between and fluidly coupling the fluid source and the first connector. 17. The system of claim 1 further comprising a second connector extending between and fluidly coupling the agent source and the fluid source. 18. A delivery system for delivering an agent orally to a breastfeeding child, comprising:
a flexible device including a nipple portion and a broad portion, wherein the nipple portion is positionable over a nipple of a breast of a human user and includes a plurality of openings that permit human milk from the breast to pass through the wearable device to the breastfeeding child; a supplemental fluid source configured to hold a supplemental fluid; an agent source configured to hold the agent, wherein the supplemental fluid source is coupled to the agent source to permit flow of the supplemental fluid from the fluid source into the agent source; and a connector extending between the agent source and the wearable device, wherein the agent source is configured to permit flow of the supplemental fluid and the agent (a) from the agent source into the connector and (b) from the connector into the nipple portion of the flexible device, wherein the plurality of openings further permit the supplemental fluid and agent to pass through the wearable device to the breastfeeding child. 19. A method for delivering an agent orally to a breastfeeding child, comprising:
positioning a flexible device over a breast of a human user such that milk from the breast can pass through openings in the flexible device to the breastfeeding child; at a supply source, mixing a supplemental fluid with the agent to form a supplemental mixture; and flowing the supplemental mixture from the supply source to the flexible device such that the supplemental mixture can pass through the openings in the flexible device to the breastfeeding child. 20. The method of claim 19 wherein the supplemental mixture includes a bulk amount of the agent. | Systems, devices, and methods for delivering a therapeutic or other agent to a breastfeeding child are disclosed herein. A delivery system configured in accordance with the present technology can include, for example, a wearable device configured to be positioned on a breast during breastfeeding. The system can further include an agent source configured to house the agent and a fluid source configured to supply a supplemental fluid. The agent source and fluid source can be fluidly coupled to the wearable device via a connector. When the device is positioned on the breast and the child is breastfeeding, the supplemental fluid mixes with the agent and flows through the connector into the wearable device and into the mouth of the breastfeeding child.1. A system for delivering an agent orally to a breastfeeding child, comprising:
a wearable device configured to be positioned adjacent to and/or in contact with a breast of a wearer during breastfeeding and to allow human milk from the breast to pass through the wearable device to the breastfeeding child; an agent source configured to supply the agent; a fluid source configured to supply a fluid; and a connector coupling the wearable device to the fluid source and the agent source, wherein the connector is configured to receive a combined flow of the fluid and the agent, and wherein the wearable device is further configured to allow the combined flow to pass through the wearable device to the child. 2. The system of claim 1 wherein the connector extends between the agent source and the wearable device, wherein the fluid source and the agent source are fluidly coupled in series, and wherein the agent source is configured to receive a flow of the fluid therethrough to produce the combined flow. 3. The system of claim 1 wherein the wearable device is configured to simultaneously allow the human milk and the combined flow to pass through the wearable device to the child. 4. The system of claim 1 wherein the agent source is configured to control (a) mixing of the agent within the agent source and/or (b) flow of the agent within and/or out of the agent source. 5. The system of claim 4 wherein the agent source includes a flexible housing that can be squeezed by the wearer to cause mixing of the agent in the agent source and/or exit of the agent from the agent source into the connector. 6. The system of claim 4 wherein the agent source includes a plunging mechanism positioned within the agent source and a handle portion coupled to the plunging mechanism, wherein movement of the handle portion causes at least a portion of the agent to flow out of the agent source and into the connector. 7. The system of claim 4 wherein the agent source empties of the agent gravimetrically, and wherein a rate of emptying of the agent can be modified by movement of the agent source. 8. The system of claim 4 wherein the agent source has one or more ports configured to receive a mixing device therethrough, the mixing device including at least one of a paddle, whisk, hook, or other component configured to be moved manually within the agent source to promote mixing of the agent. 9. The system of claim 4 wherein the agent source includes a housing and a mixing utensil within the housing, wherein the mixing utensil is configured for movement relative to the housing, and wherein relative movement of the mixing utensil and the housing promotes mixing of the agent within the agent source. 10. The system of claim 1 wherein the agent source contains at least a first channel having a first agent disposed therein and a second channel having a second agent disposed therein, wherein the first agent and the second agent can be the same agent or different agents. 11. The system of claim 1 wherein the agent source contains one or more ports through which the agent can be added to the agent source. 12. The system of claim 1 wherein the agent source includes a first agent source including a first agent and a second agent source including a second agent, wherein the first agent source is fluidly coupled in series to the second agent source, and wherein the first agent and the second agent can be the same agent or different agents. 13. The system of claim 1 wherein the agent source includes multiple exit ports fluidly coupling the agent source to the connector. 14. The system of claim 1 wherein the agent source is perforated and wherein the connector substantially surrounds the agent source. 15. The system of claim 1 wherein the connector is a first connector extending between the agent source and the wearable device, and further comprising a second connector extending between and fluidly coupling the agent source and the wearable device. 16. The system of claim 1 wherein the connector is a first connector extending between the agent source and the wearable device, and further comprising a second connector extending between and fluidly coupling the fluid source and the first connector. 17. The system of claim 1 further comprising a second connector extending between and fluidly coupling the agent source and the fluid source. 18. A delivery system for delivering an agent orally to a breastfeeding child, comprising:
a flexible device including a nipple portion and a broad portion, wherein the nipple portion is positionable over a nipple of a breast of a human user and includes a plurality of openings that permit human milk from the breast to pass through the wearable device to the breastfeeding child; a supplemental fluid source configured to hold a supplemental fluid; an agent source configured to hold the agent, wherein the supplemental fluid source is coupled to the agent source to permit flow of the supplemental fluid from the fluid source into the agent source; and a connector extending between the agent source and the wearable device, wherein the agent source is configured to permit flow of the supplemental fluid and the agent (a) from the agent source into the connector and (b) from the connector into the nipple portion of the flexible device, wherein the plurality of openings further permit the supplemental fluid and agent to pass through the wearable device to the breastfeeding child. 19. A method for delivering an agent orally to a breastfeeding child, comprising:
positioning a flexible device over a breast of a human user such that milk from the breast can pass through openings in the flexible device to the breastfeeding child; at a supply source, mixing a supplemental fluid with the agent to form a supplemental mixture; and flowing the supplemental mixture from the supply source to the flexible device such that the supplemental mixture can pass through the openings in the flexible device to the breastfeeding child. 20. The method of claim 19 wherein the supplemental mixture includes a bulk amount of the agent. | 3,700 |
345,123 | 16,643,024 | 2,184 | The present disclosure provides a rate adjustment method and a rate adjustment device for USB data transfer, and a device. The rate adjustment method for USB data transfer includes the following steps: acquiring rate data of data transfer with a USB host; determining whether a rate of the current data transfer jumps according to the rate data and a preset condition; and turning off corresponding pins in response to determining that the rate of the current data transfer jumps. | 1. A rate adjustment method for Universal Serial Bus (USB) data transfer, which is applied to a USB device, comprising following steps:
acquiring rate data of data transfer with a USB host; determining whether a rate of the current data transfer jumps according to the rate data and a preset condition; and turning off corresponding pins in response to determining that the rate of the current data transfer jumps. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of turning off corresponding pins in response to determining that the rate of the current data transfer jumps comprises following steps:
transmitting a rate reduction message, which is configured to instruct a kernel layer to reduce a data transfer rate, to the kernel layer in response to determining that the rate of the current data transfer jumps, and controlling a hardware layer by the kernel layer to turn off the corresponding pins. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein,
the step of acquiring rate data of data transfer with a USB host comprises following steps: monitoring data transmitted with the USB host in real time, and acquiring a specified amount of rate data within a specified time. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining whether a rate of the current data transfer jumps according to the rate data and a preset condition comprises following steps:
obtaining a change rate of the rate of the current data transfer according to the rate data; and comparing the change rate of the rate with a preset rate change threshold, and determining that the rate of the data transfer jumps in response to the change rate of the rate being not lower than the rate change threshold. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining whether a rate of the current data transfer jumps according to the rate data and a preset condition comprises following steps:
obtaining a maximum rate value of the current data transfer according to the rate data; and comparing the maximum rate value with a preset maximum rate threshold, and determining that the rate of the data transfer jumps in response to the maximum rate value reaching the maximum rate threshold. 6. The method of claim 1, after the step of turning off corresponding pins, further comprising:
determining whether the rate of the current data transfer needs to be increased according to the rate data and a rate condition set by a user; and turning on the corresponding pins in response to determining that the rate of the current data transfer needs to be increased. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of turning on the corresponding pins in response to determining that the rate of the current data transfer needs to be increased comprises following steps:
transmitting a rate increase message, which is configured to instruct a kernel layer to increase a data transfer rate, to the kernel layer in response to determining that the rate of the current data transfer needs to be increased; and controlling a hardware layer by the kernel layer to turn on the corresponding pins. 8. The method of claim 1, after the step of turning off corresponding pins, further comprising a step of:
performing rate mode configuration by a kernel layer according to status of each pin in a hardware layer. 9. A rate adjustment device for Universal Serial Bus (USB) data transfer, comprising a rate control module and a switch module, wherein,
the rate control module is configured to acquire rate data of data transfer with a USB host, and determine whether a rate of the current data transfer jumps according to the rate data and a preset condition, and the switch module is configured to turn off corresponding pins in response to the rate control module determining that the rate of the current data transfer jumps. 10. The rate adjustment device of claim 9, further comprising:
a kernel transceiver module configured to receive a rate reduction message from the rate control module, and send a rate reduction instruction to the switch module according to the rate reduction message; and a signal pin module configured to perform configuration operation on the corresponding pins according to a turn-off instruction, so as to turn off the corresponding pins, wherein, the switch module is further configured to send the turn-off instruction to the signal pin module after receiving the rate reduction instruction from the kernel transceiver module; and the rate control module is further configured to transmit the rate reduction message, which is used to instruct a kernel layer to reduce a data transfer rate, to the kernel transceiver module in response to determining that the rate of the current data transfer jumps. 11. A Universal Serial Bus (USB) device, comprising:
a switch configured to control a signal transmission pin, wherein, when the switch is turned off, data transfer through the signal transmission pin is suspended; a memory configured to store a rate adjustment program; and a processor configured to execute the rate adjustment program to perform the rate adjustment method of claim 1. 12. A computer-readable storage medium having a program stored therein which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the rate adjustment method for USB data transfer according to claim 1. | The present disclosure provides a rate adjustment method and a rate adjustment device for USB data transfer, and a device. The rate adjustment method for USB data transfer includes the following steps: acquiring rate data of data transfer with a USB host; determining whether a rate of the current data transfer jumps according to the rate data and a preset condition; and turning off corresponding pins in response to determining that the rate of the current data transfer jumps.1. A rate adjustment method for Universal Serial Bus (USB) data transfer, which is applied to a USB device, comprising following steps:
acquiring rate data of data transfer with a USB host; determining whether a rate of the current data transfer jumps according to the rate data and a preset condition; and turning off corresponding pins in response to determining that the rate of the current data transfer jumps. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of turning off corresponding pins in response to determining that the rate of the current data transfer jumps comprises following steps:
transmitting a rate reduction message, which is configured to instruct a kernel layer to reduce a data transfer rate, to the kernel layer in response to determining that the rate of the current data transfer jumps, and controlling a hardware layer by the kernel layer to turn off the corresponding pins. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein,
the step of acquiring rate data of data transfer with a USB host comprises following steps: monitoring data transmitted with the USB host in real time, and acquiring a specified amount of rate data within a specified time. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining whether a rate of the current data transfer jumps according to the rate data and a preset condition comprises following steps:
obtaining a change rate of the rate of the current data transfer according to the rate data; and comparing the change rate of the rate with a preset rate change threshold, and determining that the rate of the data transfer jumps in response to the change rate of the rate being not lower than the rate change threshold. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining whether a rate of the current data transfer jumps according to the rate data and a preset condition comprises following steps:
obtaining a maximum rate value of the current data transfer according to the rate data; and comparing the maximum rate value with a preset maximum rate threshold, and determining that the rate of the data transfer jumps in response to the maximum rate value reaching the maximum rate threshold. 6. The method of claim 1, after the step of turning off corresponding pins, further comprising:
determining whether the rate of the current data transfer needs to be increased according to the rate data and a rate condition set by a user; and turning on the corresponding pins in response to determining that the rate of the current data transfer needs to be increased. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of turning on the corresponding pins in response to determining that the rate of the current data transfer needs to be increased comprises following steps:
transmitting a rate increase message, which is configured to instruct a kernel layer to increase a data transfer rate, to the kernel layer in response to determining that the rate of the current data transfer needs to be increased; and controlling a hardware layer by the kernel layer to turn on the corresponding pins. 8. The method of claim 1, after the step of turning off corresponding pins, further comprising a step of:
performing rate mode configuration by a kernel layer according to status of each pin in a hardware layer. 9. A rate adjustment device for Universal Serial Bus (USB) data transfer, comprising a rate control module and a switch module, wherein,
the rate control module is configured to acquire rate data of data transfer with a USB host, and determine whether a rate of the current data transfer jumps according to the rate data and a preset condition, and the switch module is configured to turn off corresponding pins in response to the rate control module determining that the rate of the current data transfer jumps. 10. The rate adjustment device of claim 9, further comprising:
a kernel transceiver module configured to receive a rate reduction message from the rate control module, and send a rate reduction instruction to the switch module according to the rate reduction message; and a signal pin module configured to perform configuration operation on the corresponding pins according to a turn-off instruction, so as to turn off the corresponding pins, wherein, the switch module is further configured to send the turn-off instruction to the signal pin module after receiving the rate reduction instruction from the kernel transceiver module; and the rate control module is further configured to transmit the rate reduction message, which is used to instruct a kernel layer to reduce a data transfer rate, to the kernel transceiver module in response to determining that the rate of the current data transfer jumps. 11. A Universal Serial Bus (USB) device, comprising:
a switch configured to control a signal transmission pin, wherein, when the switch is turned off, data transfer through the signal transmission pin is suspended; a memory configured to store a rate adjustment program; and a processor configured to execute the rate adjustment program to perform the rate adjustment method of claim 1. 12. A computer-readable storage medium having a program stored therein which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the rate adjustment method for USB data transfer according to claim 1. | 2,100 |
345,124 | 16,643,022 | 2,184 | A method of well treatment may include: providing a polymer; correlating performance of the polymer to a least one physical property of the polymer; and preparing a treatment fluid comprising the polymer. | 1. A method of well treatment comprising:
providing a polymer; correlating performance of the polymer to a least one physical property of the polymer; and preparing a treatment fluid comprising the polymer. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the at least one physical property comprises number average molecular weight, weight averaged molecular weight, polydispersity index, radius of gyration, or combinations thereof. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of correlating comprises using a model of fluid loss, the model being a function of a least one physical property of the polymer. 4. The method of claim 3 wherein the model is specific to a chemistry of the polymer. 5. The method of claim 3 wherein the model is of the form of:
ln(FL)=A+B*PDI+C*R g +D[CONC]+E*Mw
where A, B, C, D, and E are constants, PDI is polydispersity index, Rg is radius of gyration, conc is concentration, Mw is number average molecular weight, and FL is fluid loss. 6. The method of claim 3 wherein the model is in the form of:
FL=K*P(PDI)α *R(R g)β *C([Conc])γ *D(Mw)δ
where α, β, γ, δ, K, P, R, C, and D are constants, PDI is polydispersity index, Rg is radius of gyration, conc is concentration, Mw is number average molecular weight, and FL is fluid loss. 7. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of correlating comprises correlating polydispersity index to wet time of the polymer. 8. The method of claim 7 wherein the step of designing the treatment fluid comprises selecting a concentration of the polymer based at least in part of the correlation of polydispersity index to wet time. 9. The method of claim 8 further comprising providing a required wet time, a required fluid loss performance, or both and wherein selecting a concentration of the polymer comprises selecting a concentration of the polymer with a such that the polymer provides the required wet time and/or the required fluid loss performance. 10. The method of claim 1 wherein the fluid comprises at least one fluid selected from the group consisting of a cement slurry, a spacer fluid, a displacement fluid, a flushing fluid, and combinations thereof. 11. A method of cementing comprising:
providing a plurality of polymers; correlating fluid loss performance and wet time of each of the plurality of polymers to a least one physical property and/or concentration of each of the plurality of polymers; selecting at least one polymer from the plurality of poly polymers wherein the selecting is based at least in part on the correlation; preparing a cement slurry comprising the at least one polymer. 12. The method of claim 11 wherein the step of correlating comprises using a model of fluid loss, the model being a function of a least one physical property of a polymer. 13. The method of claim 12 wherein the model is of the form of:
ln(FL)=A+B*PDI+C*R g +D[CONC]+E*Mw
where A, B, C, D, and E are constants, PDI is polydispersity index, Rg is radius of gyration, conc is concentration, Mw is number average molecular weight, and FL is fluid loss. 14. The method of claim 12 wherein the model is in the form of:
FL=K*P(PDI)α *R(R g)β *C([Conc])γ *D(Mw)δ
where α, β, γ, δ, K, P, R, C, and D are constants, PDI is polydispersity index, Rg is radius of gyration, conc is concentration, Mw is number average molecular weight, and FL is fluid loss. 15. The method of claim 11 wherein the step of selecting comprises selecting a polymer that meets or exceeds the required wet time, the required fluid loss performance, or both. 16. The method of claim 15 wherein selecting further comprises selecting a concentration of the polymer based at least in part on the correlation and the required fluid loss performance. 17. The method of claim 11 wherein the cement slurry comprises the at least one polymer, a cementitious material, and water. 18. The method of claim 11 further comprising placing the cement slurry in a wellbore. 19. A method comprising:
providing a plurality of polymers; correlating fluid loss performance and wet time, using a model, of each of the plurality of polymers to a least one physical property and/or concentration of each of the plurality of polymers; selecting at least one polymer and concentration thereof from the plurality of polymers, wherein the selected at least one polymer and concentration thereof meets or exceeds a required wet time and a required fluid loss performance, wherein the selecting is at least partially based on the correlation; and preparing a cement slurry comprising the at least one polymer and the concentration thereof. 20. The method of claim 19 wherein the cement slurry comprises the at least one polymer, a cementitious material, and water. | A method of well treatment may include: providing a polymer; correlating performance of the polymer to a least one physical property of the polymer; and preparing a treatment fluid comprising the polymer.1. A method of well treatment comprising:
providing a polymer; correlating performance of the polymer to a least one physical property of the polymer; and preparing a treatment fluid comprising the polymer. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the at least one physical property comprises number average molecular weight, weight averaged molecular weight, polydispersity index, radius of gyration, or combinations thereof. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of correlating comprises using a model of fluid loss, the model being a function of a least one physical property of the polymer. 4. The method of claim 3 wherein the model is specific to a chemistry of the polymer. 5. The method of claim 3 wherein the model is of the form of:
ln(FL)=A+B*PDI+C*R g +D[CONC]+E*Mw
where A, B, C, D, and E are constants, PDI is polydispersity index, Rg is radius of gyration, conc is concentration, Mw is number average molecular weight, and FL is fluid loss. 6. The method of claim 3 wherein the model is in the form of:
FL=K*P(PDI)α *R(R g)β *C([Conc])γ *D(Mw)δ
where α, β, γ, δ, K, P, R, C, and D are constants, PDI is polydispersity index, Rg is radius of gyration, conc is concentration, Mw is number average molecular weight, and FL is fluid loss. 7. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of correlating comprises correlating polydispersity index to wet time of the polymer. 8. The method of claim 7 wherein the step of designing the treatment fluid comprises selecting a concentration of the polymer based at least in part of the correlation of polydispersity index to wet time. 9. The method of claim 8 further comprising providing a required wet time, a required fluid loss performance, or both and wherein selecting a concentration of the polymer comprises selecting a concentration of the polymer with a such that the polymer provides the required wet time and/or the required fluid loss performance. 10. The method of claim 1 wherein the fluid comprises at least one fluid selected from the group consisting of a cement slurry, a spacer fluid, a displacement fluid, a flushing fluid, and combinations thereof. 11. A method of cementing comprising:
providing a plurality of polymers; correlating fluid loss performance and wet time of each of the plurality of polymers to a least one physical property and/or concentration of each of the plurality of polymers; selecting at least one polymer from the plurality of poly polymers wherein the selecting is based at least in part on the correlation; preparing a cement slurry comprising the at least one polymer. 12. The method of claim 11 wherein the step of correlating comprises using a model of fluid loss, the model being a function of a least one physical property of a polymer. 13. The method of claim 12 wherein the model is of the form of:
ln(FL)=A+B*PDI+C*R g +D[CONC]+E*Mw
where A, B, C, D, and E are constants, PDI is polydispersity index, Rg is radius of gyration, conc is concentration, Mw is number average molecular weight, and FL is fluid loss. 14. The method of claim 12 wherein the model is in the form of:
FL=K*P(PDI)α *R(R g)β *C([Conc])γ *D(Mw)δ
where α, β, γ, δ, K, P, R, C, and D are constants, PDI is polydispersity index, Rg is radius of gyration, conc is concentration, Mw is number average molecular weight, and FL is fluid loss. 15. The method of claim 11 wherein the step of selecting comprises selecting a polymer that meets or exceeds the required wet time, the required fluid loss performance, or both. 16. The method of claim 15 wherein selecting further comprises selecting a concentration of the polymer based at least in part on the correlation and the required fluid loss performance. 17. The method of claim 11 wherein the cement slurry comprises the at least one polymer, a cementitious material, and water. 18. The method of claim 11 further comprising placing the cement slurry in a wellbore. 19. A method comprising:
providing a plurality of polymers; correlating fluid loss performance and wet time, using a model, of each of the plurality of polymers to a least one physical property and/or concentration of each of the plurality of polymers; selecting at least one polymer and concentration thereof from the plurality of polymers, wherein the selected at least one polymer and concentration thereof meets or exceeds a required wet time and a required fluid loss performance, wherein the selecting is at least partially based on the correlation; and preparing a cement slurry comprising the at least one polymer and the concentration thereof. 20. The method of claim 19 wherein the cement slurry comprises the at least one polymer, a cementitious material, and water. | 2,100 |
345,125 | 16,643,013 | 2,184 | A filament winding device includes: a helical winder which winds a fiber bundle around a liner; a bobbin supporting shaft which rotatably supports a bobbin for providing the fiber bundle to the helical winder and a bobbin different from the bobbin in a state in which winding-initiation ends of the fiber bundle wound around the bobbin and winding-termination ends of the fiber bundle wound around the bobbin connect to each other; and a fiber bundle storage unit. The fiber bundle storage unit has a stopper which can switch the fiber bundle storage unit between a storage state in which the fiber bundle is stored in the fiber bundle storage unit and a storage-released state in which the fiber bundle has been released from storage in the fiber bundle storage unit and the fiber bundle is supplied from the fiber bundle storage unit to the helical winding unit. | 1-11. (canceled) 12. A filament winding device comprising:
a winder configured to wind a fiber bundle onto a liner; a bobbin supporting shaft that rotatably supports a supplying bobbin supplying the fiber bundle to the winder and a reserve bobbin different from the supplying bobbin, the supplying bobbin and the reserve bobbin supported in a state in which a winding start end portion of a fiber bundle wound on the supplying bobbin is connected to a winding terminal end portion of a fiber bundle wound on the reserve bobbin; and a fiber bundle storage unit provided between the bobbin supporting shaft and the winder in a running direction of the fiber bundle and temporarily stores the fiber bundle supplied to the winder, the fiber bundle storage unit including: a switch that is able to switch a state of the fiber bundle storage unit between a storage state in which the fiber bundle is stored by the fiber bundle storage unit and a storage cancellation state in which storing the fiber bundle by the fiber bundle storage unit is canceled and the fiber bundle is being supplied from the fiber bundle storage unit to the winder. 13. The filament winding device according to claim 12, wherein the fiber bundle storage unit includes:
a first roller on which the fiber bundle is placed; a second roller on which the fiber bundle is placed, the fiber bundle being stored between the first roller and the second roller in the running direction; and a third roller provided between the first roller and the second roller in the running direction and movable relative to the first roller and the second roller in an intersecting direction that intersects with a linear line connecting the center of the first roller with the center of the second roller, and the switch causing the fiber bundle storage unit to be in the storage state by maintaining the third roller at a predetermined storage position in the intersecting direction, and causing the fiber bundle storage unit to be in the storage cancellation state by allowing the third roller at the storage position to move to a position close to the first roller and the second roller compared to the storage position in the intersecting direction. 14. The filament winding device according to claim 13, wherein the switch includes a stopper that is able to prohibit the third roller from moving toward the first roller and the second roller in the intersecting direction and to allow the third roller to move toward the first roller and the second roller in the intersecting direction. 15. The filament winding device according to claim 14, wherein
the stopper includes a press portion capable of pressing the third roller away from the first roller and the second roller in the intersecting direction, and the press portion is movable between a first position where the third roller is pressed and maintained at the storage position and a second position where the press portion is close to the first roller and the second roller compared to the first position in the intersecting direction. 16. The filament winding device according to claim 12, further comprising a stopping portion configured to stop rotation of the supplying bobbin and rotation of the reserve bobbin. 17. The filament winding device according to claim 12, wherein the bobbin supporting shaft is able to support the supplying bobbin and the reserve bobbin to be aligned in an axial direction of the bobbin supporting shaft, and the supplying bobbin and the reserve bobbin are rotatable together. 18. The filament winding device according to claim 17, wherein the bobbin supporting shaft includes:
a first supporting shaft rotatable together with one of the supplying bobbin and the reserve bobbin; a second supporting shaft rotatable together with the other one of the supplying bobbin and the reserve bobbin; and a connecting portion provided between the first supporting shaft and the second supporting shaft in the axial direction and is able to connect the first supporting shaft to the second supporting shaft to be rotatable together and disconnect the first supporting shaft from the second supporting shaft. 19. The filament winding device according to claim 18, further comprising:
a supporter that rotatably supports end portions of the first supporting shaft and the second supporting shaft, the end portions being on the side opposite to the connecting portion in the axial direction, when the first supporting shaft is disconnected from the second supporting shaft, the supporter being able to separate the first supporting shaft from the second supporting shaft. 20. The filament winding device according to claim 19, wherein at least one of the first supporting shaft or the second supporting shaft is movable at least in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction, when the first supporting shaft is disconnected from the second supporting shaft. 21. A bobbin replacement method for a filament winding device including: a winder configured to wind a fiber bundle onto a liner; and a bobbin supporting shaft that rotatably supports a supplying bobbin supplying the fiber bundle to the winder and a reserve bobbin different from the supplying bobbin, the supplying bobbin and the reserve bobbin supported in a state in which a winding start end portion of a fiber bundle wound on the supplying bobbin is connected to a winding terminal end portion of a fiber bundle wound on the reserve bobbin,
the bobbin replacement method being a method of replacing an empty bobbin with a new bobbin while supply of the fiber bundle to the winding unit is continued from the reserve bobbin, when the supplying bobbin becomes empty while the winding unit is winding the fiber bundle onto the liner, the bobbin replacement method comprising: a replacement step of detaching the empty bobbin from the bobbin supporting shaft and attaching the new bobbin to the bobbin supporting shaft, while rotation of the empty bobbin is stopped; a joining step of joining a winding start end portion of a fiber bundle wound on the new bobbin with a winding terminal end portion of a fiber bundle wound on the reserve bobbin while rotation of the new bobbin and rotation of the reserve bobbin are stopped, after the replacement step; and a rotation restart step of canceling a rotation stopped state of the new bobbin and a rotation stopped state of the reserve bobbin, after the joining step, the filament winding device further including a fiber bundle storage unit that is switchable between a storage state in which the fiber bundle storage unit temporarily stores the fiber bundle that is to be supplied to the winder and a storage cancellation state in which the storage state is canceled, and the fiber bundle storage unit being maintained at the storage state at least until the replacement step, the fiber bundle storage unit being switched from the storage state to the storage cancellation state before rotation of the reserve bobbin is stopped, and further the fiber bundle storage unit being switched from the storage cancellation state to the storage state after the rotation restart step. 22. The bobbin replacement method according to claim 21, wherein, in the replacement step, rotation of the reserve bobbin is not stopped and the fiber bundle storage unit is maintained at the storage state. | A filament winding device includes: a helical winder which winds a fiber bundle around a liner; a bobbin supporting shaft which rotatably supports a bobbin for providing the fiber bundle to the helical winder and a bobbin different from the bobbin in a state in which winding-initiation ends of the fiber bundle wound around the bobbin and winding-termination ends of the fiber bundle wound around the bobbin connect to each other; and a fiber bundle storage unit. The fiber bundle storage unit has a stopper which can switch the fiber bundle storage unit between a storage state in which the fiber bundle is stored in the fiber bundle storage unit and a storage-released state in which the fiber bundle has been released from storage in the fiber bundle storage unit and the fiber bundle is supplied from the fiber bundle storage unit to the helical winding unit.1-11. (canceled) 12. A filament winding device comprising:
a winder configured to wind a fiber bundle onto a liner; a bobbin supporting shaft that rotatably supports a supplying bobbin supplying the fiber bundle to the winder and a reserve bobbin different from the supplying bobbin, the supplying bobbin and the reserve bobbin supported in a state in which a winding start end portion of a fiber bundle wound on the supplying bobbin is connected to a winding terminal end portion of a fiber bundle wound on the reserve bobbin; and a fiber bundle storage unit provided between the bobbin supporting shaft and the winder in a running direction of the fiber bundle and temporarily stores the fiber bundle supplied to the winder, the fiber bundle storage unit including: a switch that is able to switch a state of the fiber bundle storage unit between a storage state in which the fiber bundle is stored by the fiber bundle storage unit and a storage cancellation state in which storing the fiber bundle by the fiber bundle storage unit is canceled and the fiber bundle is being supplied from the fiber bundle storage unit to the winder. 13. The filament winding device according to claim 12, wherein the fiber bundle storage unit includes:
a first roller on which the fiber bundle is placed; a second roller on which the fiber bundle is placed, the fiber bundle being stored between the first roller and the second roller in the running direction; and a third roller provided between the first roller and the second roller in the running direction and movable relative to the first roller and the second roller in an intersecting direction that intersects with a linear line connecting the center of the first roller with the center of the second roller, and the switch causing the fiber bundle storage unit to be in the storage state by maintaining the third roller at a predetermined storage position in the intersecting direction, and causing the fiber bundle storage unit to be in the storage cancellation state by allowing the third roller at the storage position to move to a position close to the first roller and the second roller compared to the storage position in the intersecting direction. 14. The filament winding device according to claim 13, wherein the switch includes a stopper that is able to prohibit the third roller from moving toward the first roller and the second roller in the intersecting direction and to allow the third roller to move toward the first roller and the second roller in the intersecting direction. 15. The filament winding device according to claim 14, wherein
the stopper includes a press portion capable of pressing the third roller away from the first roller and the second roller in the intersecting direction, and the press portion is movable between a first position where the third roller is pressed and maintained at the storage position and a second position where the press portion is close to the first roller and the second roller compared to the first position in the intersecting direction. 16. The filament winding device according to claim 12, further comprising a stopping portion configured to stop rotation of the supplying bobbin and rotation of the reserve bobbin. 17. The filament winding device according to claim 12, wherein the bobbin supporting shaft is able to support the supplying bobbin and the reserve bobbin to be aligned in an axial direction of the bobbin supporting shaft, and the supplying bobbin and the reserve bobbin are rotatable together. 18. The filament winding device according to claim 17, wherein the bobbin supporting shaft includes:
a first supporting shaft rotatable together with one of the supplying bobbin and the reserve bobbin; a second supporting shaft rotatable together with the other one of the supplying bobbin and the reserve bobbin; and a connecting portion provided between the first supporting shaft and the second supporting shaft in the axial direction and is able to connect the first supporting shaft to the second supporting shaft to be rotatable together and disconnect the first supporting shaft from the second supporting shaft. 19. The filament winding device according to claim 18, further comprising:
a supporter that rotatably supports end portions of the first supporting shaft and the second supporting shaft, the end portions being on the side opposite to the connecting portion in the axial direction, when the first supporting shaft is disconnected from the second supporting shaft, the supporter being able to separate the first supporting shaft from the second supporting shaft. 20. The filament winding device according to claim 19, wherein at least one of the first supporting shaft or the second supporting shaft is movable at least in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction, when the first supporting shaft is disconnected from the second supporting shaft. 21. A bobbin replacement method for a filament winding device including: a winder configured to wind a fiber bundle onto a liner; and a bobbin supporting shaft that rotatably supports a supplying bobbin supplying the fiber bundle to the winder and a reserve bobbin different from the supplying bobbin, the supplying bobbin and the reserve bobbin supported in a state in which a winding start end portion of a fiber bundle wound on the supplying bobbin is connected to a winding terminal end portion of a fiber bundle wound on the reserve bobbin,
the bobbin replacement method being a method of replacing an empty bobbin with a new bobbin while supply of the fiber bundle to the winding unit is continued from the reserve bobbin, when the supplying bobbin becomes empty while the winding unit is winding the fiber bundle onto the liner, the bobbin replacement method comprising: a replacement step of detaching the empty bobbin from the bobbin supporting shaft and attaching the new bobbin to the bobbin supporting shaft, while rotation of the empty bobbin is stopped; a joining step of joining a winding start end portion of a fiber bundle wound on the new bobbin with a winding terminal end portion of a fiber bundle wound on the reserve bobbin while rotation of the new bobbin and rotation of the reserve bobbin are stopped, after the replacement step; and a rotation restart step of canceling a rotation stopped state of the new bobbin and a rotation stopped state of the reserve bobbin, after the joining step, the filament winding device further including a fiber bundle storage unit that is switchable between a storage state in which the fiber bundle storage unit temporarily stores the fiber bundle that is to be supplied to the winder and a storage cancellation state in which the storage state is canceled, and the fiber bundle storage unit being maintained at the storage state at least until the replacement step, the fiber bundle storage unit being switched from the storage state to the storage cancellation state before rotation of the reserve bobbin is stopped, and further the fiber bundle storage unit being switched from the storage cancellation state to the storage state after the rotation restart step. 22. The bobbin replacement method according to claim 21, wherein, in the replacement step, rotation of the reserve bobbin is not stopped and the fiber bundle storage unit is maintained at the storage state. | 2,100 |
345,126 | 16,643,009 | 2,184 | The invention relates to a mechanically driven coolant pump having a controllable delivery rate for a main delivery circuit from a first outlet and for a secondary delivery circuit from a second outlet of the coolant pump, said coolant pump comprising, among other things, a hydraulic control circuit which is derived from the coolant pump and has an input-side auxiliary pump, an output-side proportional valve, and a regulating slide as a hydraulic actuator for limiting the flow of the main delivery circuit, wherein a cylindrical portion of the regulating slide can be axially displaced in the pump chamber in order to radially shield the pump impeller, specifically by means of a pressure in the hydraulic control circuit counter to a restoring force. The coolant pump is characterised in particular in that a regulating valve is connected to the hydraulic control circuit as a hydraulic actuator in order to limit the flow of the secondary delivery circuit, wherein actuations of the regulating slide and of the regulating valve are associated with pressure ranges in the hydraulic control circuit. | 1. A controllable coolant pump which is driven mechanically by an internal combustion engine, comprising:
a pump housing with an axially supplying inlet and a radially discharging first outlet for a main conveying circuit which are connected to a pump chamber of the pump housing, a pump impeller for conveying coolant and which is rotatably accommodated on a pump shaft in the pump chamber and is driven via a belt drive, a hydraulic control circuit derived from the coolant, with an auxiliary pump on the input side, a proportional valve on the output side and a regulating slide as a hydraulic actuator for limiting the flow of the main conveying circuit, wherein, in order to radially shield the pump impeller, a cylindrical section of the regulating slide is axially displaceable in the pump chamber against a reset force by means of a pressure in the hydraulic control circuit; and a second outlet for a secondary conveying circuit which is connected to the pump chamber; 2. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 1, wherein the regulating valve, as a branched-off hydraulic actuator, between the auxiliary pump and the proportional valve is connected to the hydraulic control circuit and is closed against a reset force by means of the pressure in the hydraulic control circuit. 3. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 1, wherein the regulating valve is configured as a seat valve which is biased by a spring in the opening direction. 4. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 1, wherein a piston surface for receiving a hydraulic positioning force of the regulating valve in the hydraulic control circuit is smaller than a piston surface of the regulating slide in the hydraulic control circuit. 5. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 4, wherein the surface ratio of the piston surface of the regulating valve to the piston surface of the regulating slide is approximately 1:3. 6. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 1, wherein the regulating valve is disposed in the second outlet on the pump housing. 7. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 1, wherein there is provided between the main conveying flow and the secondary conveying flow a pressure valve which opens from a predetermined pressure difference between a higher pressure in the main conveying flow and a lower pressure in the secondary conveying flow. 8. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 7, wherein the pressure valve is configured as a check valve which is biased by a spring in the closing direction. 9. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 7, wherein the pressure valve opens out downstream of the regulating slide into the main conveying circuit and upstream of the regulating valve into the secondary conveying circuit. 10. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 2, wherein the regulating valve is configured as a seat valve which is biased by a spring in the opening direction. 11. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 2, wherein a piston surface for receiving a hydraulic positioning force of the regulating valve in the hydraulic control circuit is smaller than a piston surface of the regulating slide in the hydraulic control circuit. 12. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 3, wherein a piston surface for receiving a hydraulic positioning force of the regulating valve in the hydraulic control circuit is smaller than a piston surface of the regulating slide in the hydraulic control circuit. 13. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 2, wherein the regulating valve is disposed in the second outlet on the pump housing. 14. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 3, wherein the regulating valve is disposed in the second outlet on the pump housing. 15. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 4, wherein the regulating valve is disposed in the second outlet on the pump housing. 16. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 5, wherein the regulating valve is disposed in the second outlet on the pump housing. 17. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 2, wherein there is provided between the main conveying flow and the secondary conveying flow a pressure valve which opens from a predetermined pressure difference between a higher pressure in the main conveying flow and a lower pressure in the secondary conveying flow. 18. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 3, wherein there is provided between the main conveying flow and the secondary conveying flow a pressure valve which opens from a predetermined pressure difference between a higher pressure in the main conveying flow and a lower pressure in the secondary conveying flow. 19. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 4, wherein there is provided between the main conveying flow and the secondary conveying flow a pressure valve which opens from a predetermined pressure difference between a higher pressure in the main conveying flow and a lower pressure in the secondary conveying flow. 20. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 5, wherein there is provided between the main conveying flow and the secondary conveying flow a pressure valve which opens from a predetermined pressure difference between a higher pressure in the main conveying flow and a lower pressure in the secondary conveying flow. | The invention relates to a mechanically driven coolant pump having a controllable delivery rate for a main delivery circuit from a first outlet and for a secondary delivery circuit from a second outlet of the coolant pump, said coolant pump comprising, among other things, a hydraulic control circuit which is derived from the coolant pump and has an input-side auxiliary pump, an output-side proportional valve, and a regulating slide as a hydraulic actuator for limiting the flow of the main delivery circuit, wherein a cylindrical portion of the regulating slide can be axially displaced in the pump chamber in order to radially shield the pump impeller, specifically by means of a pressure in the hydraulic control circuit counter to a restoring force. The coolant pump is characterised in particular in that a regulating valve is connected to the hydraulic control circuit as a hydraulic actuator in order to limit the flow of the secondary delivery circuit, wherein actuations of the regulating slide and of the regulating valve are associated with pressure ranges in the hydraulic control circuit.1. A controllable coolant pump which is driven mechanically by an internal combustion engine, comprising:
a pump housing with an axially supplying inlet and a radially discharging first outlet for a main conveying circuit which are connected to a pump chamber of the pump housing, a pump impeller for conveying coolant and which is rotatably accommodated on a pump shaft in the pump chamber and is driven via a belt drive, a hydraulic control circuit derived from the coolant, with an auxiliary pump on the input side, a proportional valve on the output side and a regulating slide as a hydraulic actuator for limiting the flow of the main conveying circuit, wherein, in order to radially shield the pump impeller, a cylindrical section of the regulating slide is axially displaceable in the pump chamber against a reset force by means of a pressure in the hydraulic control circuit; and a second outlet for a secondary conveying circuit which is connected to the pump chamber; 2. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 1, wherein the regulating valve, as a branched-off hydraulic actuator, between the auxiliary pump and the proportional valve is connected to the hydraulic control circuit and is closed against a reset force by means of the pressure in the hydraulic control circuit. 3. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 1, wherein the regulating valve is configured as a seat valve which is biased by a spring in the opening direction. 4. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 1, wherein a piston surface for receiving a hydraulic positioning force of the regulating valve in the hydraulic control circuit is smaller than a piston surface of the regulating slide in the hydraulic control circuit. 5. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 4, wherein the surface ratio of the piston surface of the regulating valve to the piston surface of the regulating slide is approximately 1:3. 6. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 1, wherein the regulating valve is disposed in the second outlet on the pump housing. 7. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 1, wherein there is provided between the main conveying flow and the secondary conveying flow a pressure valve which opens from a predetermined pressure difference between a higher pressure in the main conveying flow and a lower pressure in the secondary conveying flow. 8. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 7, wherein the pressure valve is configured as a check valve which is biased by a spring in the closing direction. 9. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 7, wherein the pressure valve opens out downstream of the regulating slide into the main conveying circuit and upstream of the regulating valve into the secondary conveying circuit. 10. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 2, wherein the regulating valve is configured as a seat valve which is biased by a spring in the opening direction. 11. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 2, wherein a piston surface for receiving a hydraulic positioning force of the regulating valve in the hydraulic control circuit is smaller than a piston surface of the regulating slide in the hydraulic control circuit. 12. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 3, wherein a piston surface for receiving a hydraulic positioning force of the regulating valve in the hydraulic control circuit is smaller than a piston surface of the regulating slide in the hydraulic control circuit. 13. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 2, wherein the regulating valve is disposed in the second outlet on the pump housing. 14. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 3, wherein the regulating valve is disposed in the second outlet on the pump housing. 15. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 4, wherein the regulating valve is disposed in the second outlet on the pump housing. 16. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 5, wherein the regulating valve is disposed in the second outlet on the pump housing. 17. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 2, wherein there is provided between the main conveying flow and the secondary conveying flow a pressure valve which opens from a predetermined pressure difference between a higher pressure in the main conveying flow and a lower pressure in the secondary conveying flow. 18. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 3, wherein there is provided between the main conveying flow and the secondary conveying flow a pressure valve which opens from a predetermined pressure difference between a higher pressure in the main conveying flow and a lower pressure in the secondary conveying flow. 19. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 4, wherein there is provided between the main conveying flow and the secondary conveying flow a pressure valve which opens from a predetermined pressure difference between a higher pressure in the main conveying flow and a lower pressure in the secondary conveying flow. 20. The controllable coolant pump according to claim 5, wherein there is provided between the main conveying flow and the secondary conveying flow a pressure valve which opens from a predetermined pressure difference between a higher pressure in the main conveying flow and a lower pressure in the secondary conveying flow. | 2,100 |
345,127 | 16,643,053 | 3,695 | A system manages payments by an entity to its partners (suppliers, service providers, etc.) by providing an intermediary capability to disaggregate and regenerate payment orders using real time inputs from the payee. A single obligation may be split into different payments to different institutions and payment vehicles such as prepaid cards, countries, and currencies. An Al predictive function may reduce foreign currency transfers and their associated costs by recognizing intra-divisional, intracompany and intercompany assets and liabilities to allow in-country net settlements to be made prior to using a foreign currency transfer. When needed, foreign currency transfers may be aggregated to reduce the volume and velocity of those transfers. Tokenization of financial data and accounts may further protect activity between payors, payees, and financial institutions. | 1. A system comprising:
a core that receives signals from a plurality of sensors in a plurality of networks supporting a data flow between a first party and one or more second parties; a first portal that interfaces between the first party and the core; and a second portal that interfaces between a recipient associated with the one or more second parties and the core; wherein the first portal receives a value transfer message for use in the plurality of networks, and wherein the second portal provides a user interface for the recipient to specify conditions for the data flow. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the core further comprises a manager that determines status of first party accounts and obligations in individual countries and exhausts in-country settlement options prior to performing an international transfer. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein exhausting in-country settlement options includes evaluating alternate funding options. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein evaluating alternate funding options includes non-bank third party currency sources. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the core further supports a data storage system that maintains a cryptographically validated log of events related to activities supported by the core. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the cryptographic validated log is a private blockchain. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the core further supports an artificial intelligence engine. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the first portal provides a second user interface for a second recipient to specify conditions for the data flow. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the second portal interfaces between a second party and the core, the second portal receiving payment messages from the second party. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the value transfer message corresponds to a currency-based transaction. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the value transfer message corresponds to a transfer of a real asset. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the value transfer message corresponds to transfer of a digital asset. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the digital asset is one of a digital currency, an escrowed value, and a cryptographic key. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the core further comprises a value added application. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the value added application is one of a risk calculation and a balance test. 16. The system of claim 1, wherein the core further comprises an application program interface (API) installed on a user device, the API supporting a user interface that receives one or more options and causes the system to reprogram the second portal according to the one or more options received via the user interface. 17. A system comprising:
a processor and memory, the processor configured to execute instructions stored in the memory; a network interface coupled to the processor, the network interface configured to send and receive messages with external entities; a user interface coupled to the processor; the processor implementing a database system that generates a compliant message for implementing a transfer responsive to instructions received via the user interface; a module for compliant message content verification; a module for compliant message disaggregation that generates disaggregated data; and a module for message regeneration that generates one or more order files based on application of payee preferences to the disaggregated data. 18. A method of settling obligations in a country comprising:
receiving a payment obligation from a first source, receiving a cash balance for the first source in at least one country; calculating, at a processor, a first volume and velocity trend on the payment obligation; calculating a second volume and velocity trend on the cash balance; predicting a future cash position at the at least one country based on the first volume and velocity trend for obligations and the second volume and velocity trend for cash balances; and transferring funds from an account in a first country to the at least one country based on the predicted future cash position. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein transferring funds from an account in the first country to the at least one country comprises transferring funds from a non-bank account in the first country to a bank account in the at least one country when the predicted future cash position shows a future shortage of cash at the first source. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the first country and the at least one country are the same country. | A system manages payments by an entity to its partners (suppliers, service providers, etc.) by providing an intermediary capability to disaggregate and regenerate payment orders using real time inputs from the payee. A single obligation may be split into different payments to different institutions and payment vehicles such as prepaid cards, countries, and currencies. An Al predictive function may reduce foreign currency transfers and their associated costs by recognizing intra-divisional, intracompany and intercompany assets and liabilities to allow in-country net settlements to be made prior to using a foreign currency transfer. When needed, foreign currency transfers may be aggregated to reduce the volume and velocity of those transfers. Tokenization of financial data and accounts may further protect activity between payors, payees, and financial institutions.1. A system comprising:
a core that receives signals from a plurality of sensors in a plurality of networks supporting a data flow between a first party and one or more second parties; a first portal that interfaces between the first party and the core; and a second portal that interfaces between a recipient associated with the one or more second parties and the core; wherein the first portal receives a value transfer message for use in the plurality of networks, and wherein the second portal provides a user interface for the recipient to specify conditions for the data flow. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the core further comprises a manager that determines status of first party accounts and obligations in individual countries and exhausts in-country settlement options prior to performing an international transfer. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein exhausting in-country settlement options includes evaluating alternate funding options. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein evaluating alternate funding options includes non-bank third party currency sources. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the core further supports a data storage system that maintains a cryptographically validated log of events related to activities supported by the core. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the cryptographic validated log is a private blockchain. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the core further supports an artificial intelligence engine. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the first portal provides a second user interface for a second recipient to specify conditions for the data flow. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the second portal interfaces between a second party and the core, the second portal receiving payment messages from the second party. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the value transfer message corresponds to a currency-based transaction. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the value transfer message corresponds to a transfer of a real asset. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the value transfer message corresponds to transfer of a digital asset. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the digital asset is one of a digital currency, an escrowed value, and a cryptographic key. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the core further comprises a value added application. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the value added application is one of a risk calculation and a balance test. 16. The system of claim 1, wherein the core further comprises an application program interface (API) installed on a user device, the API supporting a user interface that receives one or more options and causes the system to reprogram the second portal according to the one or more options received via the user interface. 17. A system comprising:
a processor and memory, the processor configured to execute instructions stored in the memory; a network interface coupled to the processor, the network interface configured to send and receive messages with external entities; a user interface coupled to the processor; the processor implementing a database system that generates a compliant message for implementing a transfer responsive to instructions received via the user interface; a module for compliant message content verification; a module for compliant message disaggregation that generates disaggregated data; and a module for message regeneration that generates one or more order files based on application of payee preferences to the disaggregated data. 18. A method of settling obligations in a country comprising:
receiving a payment obligation from a first source, receiving a cash balance for the first source in at least one country; calculating, at a processor, a first volume and velocity trend on the payment obligation; calculating a second volume and velocity trend on the cash balance; predicting a future cash position at the at least one country based on the first volume and velocity trend for obligations and the second volume and velocity trend for cash balances; and transferring funds from an account in a first country to the at least one country based on the predicted future cash position. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein transferring funds from an account in the first country to the at least one country comprises transferring funds from a non-bank account in the first country to a bank account in the at least one country when the predicted future cash position shows a future shortage of cash at the first source. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the first country and the at least one country are the same country. | 3,600 |
345,128 | 16,643,041 | 1,771 | Provided is a method including the steps of producing a melt-kneaded product and discharging the melt-kneaded product. In the step of producing a melt-kneaded product, a thermoplastic resin, a non-solvent and an inorganic compound are mixed and melt-kneaded, wherein the non-solvent does not uniformly dissolve the thermoplastic resin of one-quarter mass at a boiling point or 250° C., whichever is lower. | 1. A method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane, comprising the steps of:
mixing and melt-kneading a thermoplastic resin, a non-solvent that does not uniformly dissolve the thermoplastic resin of one-quarter mass at a boiling point or 250° C., whichever is lower, and an inorganic compound to produce a kneaded product; and discharging the kneaded product. 2. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein the non-solvent consists of a mixed liquid of at least one organic liquid or more. 3. (canceled) 4. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 2, wherein
the organic liquid is at least one selected from sebacic acid esters, citric acid esters, acetyl citric acid esters, adipic acid esters, trimellitic acid esters, oleic acid esters, palmitic acid esters, stearic acid esters, phosphoric acid esters, C6-C30 fatty acids, and epoxidized vegetable oils. 5. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 2, wherein the organic liquid is a non-solvent that does not uniformly dissolve the thermoplastic resin of one-quarter mass at a boiling point or 250° C., whichever is lower or a solvent that uniformly dissolves the thermoplastic resin of one-quarter mass at a boiling point or 250° C., whichever is lower. 6. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 2, wherein the second organic liquid is a solvent that uniformly dissolves the thermoplastic resin of one-quarter mass at a boiling point or 250° C., whichever is lower. 7. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 2, wherein the thermoplastic resin is a thermoplastic resin that contains, in its molecule, at least one selected from vinylidene fluoride, ethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene and vinyl fluoride. 8. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic compound is at least one selected from silica, lithium chloride and titanium oxide. 9. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein the non-solvent is a single solvent. 10. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 9, wherein the non-solvent is at least one selected from sebacic acid esters, acetyl citric acid esters, citric acid esters, adipic acid esters, trimellitic acid esters, oleic acid esters, palmitic acid esters, stearic acid esters, phosphoric acid esters, phosphorous esters, C6-C30 fatty acids, and epoxidized vegetable oils. 11. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 9, wherein the thermoplastic resin is an ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer. 12. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 11, wherein the non-solvent is a plasticizer selected from stearic acid esters, phosphoric acid esters and C6-C30 fatty acids. 13. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 9, wherein the inorganic compound is at least one selected from silica, lithium chloride and titanium oxide. 14. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic resin is a fluorinated thermoplastic resin. 15. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein the non-solvent is at least one selected from sebacic acid esters, citric acid esters, acetyl citric acid esters, adipic acid esters, trimellitic acid esters, oleic acid esters, palmitic acid esters, stearic acid esters, phosphoric acid esters, C6-C30 fatty acids, and epoxidized vegetable oils. 16. A porous hollow fiber membrane containing a thermoplastic resin, a solvent and an inorganic compound, wherein the solvent is a non-solvent that does not uniformly dissolve the thermoplastic resin of one-quarter mass at a boiling point or 250° C., whichever is lower. 17-27. (canceled) 28. A porous hollow fiber membrane containing a thermoplastic resin, a solvent and an inorganic compound, wherein
the thermoplastic resin is a thermoplastic resin that contains, in its molecule, at least one selected from vinylidene fluoride, chlorotrifluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene and vinyl fluoride; the solvent is a non-solvent that does not uniformly dissolve the thermoplastic resin of one-quarter mass at a boiling point or 250° C., whichever is lower; and a sum of areas of resin portions each having an area of 1 μm2 or less is 70% or more to a total area of the resin portions in each region of a total of four fields of view including, in an SEM image of a membrane cross-section in a membrane thickness direction orthogonal to an inner surface of the porous hollow fiber membrane, a field of view including the inner surface, a field of view including an outer surface of the porous hollow fiber membrane and two fields of view taken at equal intervals between these fields of view. 29. A porous hollow fiber membrane containing a thermoplastic resin, a solvent and an inorganic compound, wherein
the thermoplastic resin is a thermoplastic resin that contains, in its molecule, at least one selected from vinylidene fluoride, chlorotrifluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene and vinyl fluoride; the solvent is a non-solvent that does not uniformly dissolve the thermoplastic resin of one-quarter mass at a boiling point or 250° C., whichever is lower; and a sum of areas of resin portions each having an area of 10 μm2 or more is 15% or less to a total area of the resin portions in each region of a total of four fields of view including, in an SEM image of a membrane cross-section in a membrane thickness direction orthogonal to an inner surface of the porous hollow fiber membrane, a field of view including the inner surface, a field of view including an outer surface of the porous hollow fiber membrane and two fields of view taken at equal intervals between these fields of view. 30. A porous hollow fiber membrane containing a thermoplastic resin, a solvent and an inorganic compound, wherein
the thermoplastic resin is one of ETFE, ECTFE and VDF-TriFE copolymers; and a sum of areas of resin portions each having an area of 1 μm2 or less is 70% or more to a total area of the resin portions in each region of a total of four fields of view including, in an SEM image of a membrane cross-section in a membrane thickness direction orthogonal to an inner surface of the porous hollow fiber membrane, a field of view including the inner surface, a field of view including an outer surface of the porous hollow fiber membrane and two fields of view taken at equal intervals between these fields of view. 31. A porous hollow fiber membrane containing a thermoplastic resin, a solvent and an inorganic compound, wherein
the thermoplastic resin is one of ETFE, ECTFE and VDF-TriFE copolymers; and a sum of areas of resin portions each having an area of 10 μm2 or more is 15% or less to a total area of the resin portions in each region of a total of four fields of view including, in an SEM image of a membrane cross-section in a membrane thickness direction orthogonal to an inner surface of the porous hollow fiber membrane, a field of view including the inner surface, a field of view including an outer surface of the porous hollow fiber membrane and two fields of view taken at equal intervals between these fields of view. 32. A filtration method of filtering by using a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 16. | Provided is a method including the steps of producing a melt-kneaded product and discharging the melt-kneaded product. In the step of producing a melt-kneaded product, a thermoplastic resin, a non-solvent and an inorganic compound are mixed and melt-kneaded, wherein the non-solvent does not uniformly dissolve the thermoplastic resin of one-quarter mass at a boiling point or 250° C., whichever is lower.1. A method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane, comprising the steps of:
mixing and melt-kneading a thermoplastic resin, a non-solvent that does not uniformly dissolve the thermoplastic resin of one-quarter mass at a boiling point or 250° C., whichever is lower, and an inorganic compound to produce a kneaded product; and discharging the kneaded product. 2. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein the non-solvent consists of a mixed liquid of at least one organic liquid or more. 3. (canceled) 4. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 2, wherein
the organic liquid is at least one selected from sebacic acid esters, citric acid esters, acetyl citric acid esters, adipic acid esters, trimellitic acid esters, oleic acid esters, palmitic acid esters, stearic acid esters, phosphoric acid esters, C6-C30 fatty acids, and epoxidized vegetable oils. 5. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 2, wherein the organic liquid is a non-solvent that does not uniformly dissolve the thermoplastic resin of one-quarter mass at a boiling point or 250° C., whichever is lower or a solvent that uniformly dissolves the thermoplastic resin of one-quarter mass at a boiling point or 250° C., whichever is lower. 6. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 2, wherein the second organic liquid is a solvent that uniformly dissolves the thermoplastic resin of one-quarter mass at a boiling point or 250° C., whichever is lower. 7. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 2, wherein the thermoplastic resin is a thermoplastic resin that contains, in its molecule, at least one selected from vinylidene fluoride, ethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene and vinyl fluoride. 8. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic compound is at least one selected from silica, lithium chloride and titanium oxide. 9. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein the non-solvent is a single solvent. 10. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 9, wherein the non-solvent is at least one selected from sebacic acid esters, acetyl citric acid esters, citric acid esters, adipic acid esters, trimellitic acid esters, oleic acid esters, palmitic acid esters, stearic acid esters, phosphoric acid esters, phosphorous esters, C6-C30 fatty acids, and epoxidized vegetable oils. 11. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 9, wherein the thermoplastic resin is an ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer. 12. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 11, wherein the non-solvent is a plasticizer selected from stearic acid esters, phosphoric acid esters and C6-C30 fatty acids. 13. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 9, wherein the inorganic compound is at least one selected from silica, lithium chloride and titanium oxide. 14. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic resin is a fluorinated thermoplastic resin. 15. The method for producing a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 1, wherein the non-solvent is at least one selected from sebacic acid esters, citric acid esters, acetyl citric acid esters, adipic acid esters, trimellitic acid esters, oleic acid esters, palmitic acid esters, stearic acid esters, phosphoric acid esters, C6-C30 fatty acids, and epoxidized vegetable oils. 16. A porous hollow fiber membrane containing a thermoplastic resin, a solvent and an inorganic compound, wherein the solvent is a non-solvent that does not uniformly dissolve the thermoplastic resin of one-quarter mass at a boiling point or 250° C., whichever is lower. 17-27. (canceled) 28. A porous hollow fiber membrane containing a thermoplastic resin, a solvent and an inorganic compound, wherein
the thermoplastic resin is a thermoplastic resin that contains, in its molecule, at least one selected from vinylidene fluoride, chlorotrifluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene and vinyl fluoride; the solvent is a non-solvent that does not uniformly dissolve the thermoplastic resin of one-quarter mass at a boiling point or 250° C., whichever is lower; and a sum of areas of resin portions each having an area of 1 μm2 or less is 70% or more to a total area of the resin portions in each region of a total of four fields of view including, in an SEM image of a membrane cross-section in a membrane thickness direction orthogonal to an inner surface of the porous hollow fiber membrane, a field of view including the inner surface, a field of view including an outer surface of the porous hollow fiber membrane and two fields of view taken at equal intervals between these fields of view. 29. A porous hollow fiber membrane containing a thermoplastic resin, a solvent and an inorganic compound, wherein
the thermoplastic resin is a thermoplastic resin that contains, in its molecule, at least one selected from vinylidene fluoride, chlorotrifluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene and vinyl fluoride; the solvent is a non-solvent that does not uniformly dissolve the thermoplastic resin of one-quarter mass at a boiling point or 250° C., whichever is lower; and a sum of areas of resin portions each having an area of 10 μm2 or more is 15% or less to a total area of the resin portions in each region of a total of four fields of view including, in an SEM image of a membrane cross-section in a membrane thickness direction orthogonal to an inner surface of the porous hollow fiber membrane, a field of view including the inner surface, a field of view including an outer surface of the porous hollow fiber membrane and two fields of view taken at equal intervals between these fields of view. 30. A porous hollow fiber membrane containing a thermoplastic resin, a solvent and an inorganic compound, wherein
the thermoplastic resin is one of ETFE, ECTFE and VDF-TriFE copolymers; and a sum of areas of resin portions each having an area of 1 μm2 or less is 70% or more to a total area of the resin portions in each region of a total of four fields of view including, in an SEM image of a membrane cross-section in a membrane thickness direction orthogonal to an inner surface of the porous hollow fiber membrane, a field of view including the inner surface, a field of view including an outer surface of the porous hollow fiber membrane and two fields of view taken at equal intervals between these fields of view. 31. A porous hollow fiber membrane containing a thermoplastic resin, a solvent and an inorganic compound, wherein
the thermoplastic resin is one of ETFE, ECTFE and VDF-TriFE copolymers; and a sum of areas of resin portions each having an area of 10 μm2 or more is 15% or less to a total area of the resin portions in each region of a total of four fields of view including, in an SEM image of a membrane cross-section in a membrane thickness direction orthogonal to an inner surface of the porous hollow fiber membrane, a field of view including the inner surface, a field of view including an outer surface of the porous hollow fiber membrane and two fields of view taken at equal intervals between these fields of view. 32. A filtration method of filtering by using a porous hollow fiber membrane according to claim 16. | 1,700 |
345,129 | 16,643,031 | 1,771 | HVAC system for a building with a control, including a model containing representations of HVAC devices and control devices, assignments between the representations of HVAC devices and control devices, and representations of fluid control devices and sensor devices. A configuring section can: cause one of several fluid control devices to vary a fluid control parameter; determine a variation of a sensor parameter at one of several sensor devices caused by variation of the fluid control parameter; compare the determined sensor device with the model to detect the representation of sensor device(s) corresponding to the sensor device determined; assign the sensor device determined to one of the control devices corresponding to a representation of control devices assigned to the representation of the sensor device corresponding to the sensor device determined and/or assigned to the representation of the fluid control device for which the fluid control parameter has been varied. | 1-20. (canceled) 21. Method for an HVAC system of a building structure with a control structure, a fluid conduit system, a communication network and a plurality of HVAC devices connected over the communication network to the control structure, wherein the plurality of HVAC devices comprises fluid control devices and sensor devices, wherein the control structure has a plurality of control devices, wherein a configuring section has access to a model of the HVAC system stored in memory and containing representations of HVAC devices, wherein the model of the HVAC system is created with all the HVAC devices to be installed in the building structure and the control structure, representation of the control devices and assignments between the representations of HVAC devices and the representations of the control devices, wherein the representation of the HVAC devices comprise representations of the fluid control devices and representations of the sensor devices, wherein the method comprises the steps:
a) a configuring section causes one of the fluid control devices to vary a fluid control parameter; b) determine, in the configuring section, a variation of a sensor parameter at at least one of the sensor devices caused by the variation of the fluid control parameter; c) detect, in the configuring section, the at least one representation of sensor device(s) in the model corresponding to the at least one sensor device determined; d) assign, in the configuring section, at least one of the control devices to the at least one sensor device determined, the at least one of the control devices corresponding to at least one representation of control devices
assigned in the model to the representation of the at least one sensor device corresponding to the at least one sensor device determined and/or
assigned in the model to the representation of the one fluid control device for which the fluid control parameter has been varied. 22. Method according to claim 21, wherein at least one sensor device whose sensor parameter variations has been determined in step (b), is arranged in the fluid conduit system. 23. Method according to claim 21, wherein the sensor parameter is indicative for a fluid volume flow in the fluid conduit system. 24. Method according to claim 21, wherein the step c) comprises comparing, in the configuring section, the determined at least one sensor device and the one fluid control device with the model in order to detect the representation of at least one sensor device corresponding to the at least one sensor device determined and the representation of one fluid control device corresponding to the fluid control device. 25. Method according to claim 21, wherein the fluid control devices comprise a first fluid flow generation device for generating a fluid flow in a first conduit portion of the fluid conduit system, wherein the sensor devices comprise a first group of sensor devices arranged in the first conduit portion, wherein the representations of the fluid control devices comprise representations of the first fluid flow generation device, wherein the steps a) to d) correspond to the following steps:
a) the configuring section causes the first fluid flow generation device to vary a fluid control parameter; b) determine, in the configuring section, a variation of a sensor parameter in the first group of sensor devices caused by the variation of the fluid control parameter of the first fluid flow generation device; c) detect, in the configuring section, the representations of sensor devices corresponding to the first group of sensor devices by comparing the first group of sensor devices with the model; d) assign, in the configuring section, the first group of sensor devices to at least one of the control devices corresponding to at least one representation of control devices assigned in the model to the first group of sensor devices and/or assigned in the model to the first fluid flow generation device. 26. Method according to claim 25, wherein the fluid control devices comprise a first group of actuators arranged in the first conduit portion, wherein each actuator of the first group of actuators is related to at least one of the first group of sensor devices, wherein the configuring section assigns each of the first group of actuators to the at least one control device which is assigned to the sensor device to which the actuator is related. 27. Method according to claim 26, wherein the method comprises for the actuators of the first group of actuator for which the related sensor device is not known the following steps:
the configuring section causes the actuator to vary a fluid control parameter; determine, in the configuring section, a variation of a sensor parameter at at least one of the sensor devices caused by the variation of the fluid control parameter; determine, in the configuring section, the sensor device of the first group related to the actuator based on the determined at least one sensor device. 28. Method according to claim 25, wherein the fluid control devices comprise a second fluid flow generation device for generating a fluid flow in a second conduit portion of the fluid conduit system, wherein the sensor devices comprise a second group of sensor devices arranged in the second conduit portion, wherein the representations of the fluid control devices comprise representations of the second fluid flow generation device, wherein the method comprises further the following steps:
the configuring section causes the second fluid flow generation device to vary a fluid control parameter; determine, in the configuring section, a variation of a sensor parameter in the second group of sensor devices caused by the variation of the fluid control parameter of the second fluid flow generation device; detect, in the configuring section, the representations of sensor devices corresponding to the second group of sensor devices; assign, in the configuring section, the second group of sensor devices to at least one of the control devices corresponding to at least one representation of control devices assigned in the model to the first group of sensor devices and/or to the first fluid flow generation device. 29. Method according to claim 25, wherein each group of sensor devices and/or the related fluid flow generation device is assigned to a corresponding unit of the building structure and/or application based on one or more of the following:
the information about the fluid flow generation device and/or the sensor devices, the number of sensor devices and/or actuators, and the structure of sensor devices and/or actuators. 30. Method according to claim 21, wherein the configuring section receives a user input, wherein the configuring section performs the following steps:
comparing the assignment(s) from the configuring section with the user input; determining a configuration error on the basis of the comparison result; and correcting the configuration error and/or informing a user about the configuration error. 31. Method according to claim 30, wherein the user input comprises the location of the HVAC devices and/or assignments between HVAC devices and their control devices of the control structure. 32. Method according to claim 30, wherein the user input is performed by mobile device registering each HVAC device by reading an identification code of the respective HVAC device by a near field communication or by capturing an image of the identification code of the HVAC device. 33. Method according to claim 30, wherein the step of informing the user about the configuration error comprises the step of guiding the user in an augmented reality of at least a part of the building structure how to overcome the configuration error. 34. Non-transitory computer readable medium having instructions for executing a computer program stored thereon, that when executed on a processor, causes a computer to perform the steps of the method of claim 21. 35. HVAC system for a building structure with a control structure, a fluid conduit system, a communication network and a plurality of HVAC devices connected over the communication network to the control structure, wherein the plurality of HVAC devices comprises fluid control devices and sensor devices, wherein the control structure has a plurality of control devices, wherein the configuring section has access to a model of the HVAC system stored in memory and containing representations of HVAC devices, wherein the model of the HVAC system is created with all the HVAC devices to be installed in the building structure and the control structure, representation of the control devices and assignments between the representations of HVAC devices and the representations of the control devices, wherein the representation of the HVAC devices comprise representations of the fluid control devices and representations of the sensor devices, wherein the HVAC system comprises an configuring section configured to:
a) cause one of the fluid control devices to vary a fluid control parameter; b) determine a variation of a sensor parameter at at least one of the sensor devices caused by the variation of the fluid control parameter; c) detect the at least one representation of sensor device(s) corresponding to the at least one sensor device determined; d) assign at least one of the control devices to the at least one sensor device determined, the at least one of the control devices corresponding to at least one representation of control devices assigned in the model to the representation of the at least one sensor device corresponding to the at least one sensor device determined and/or assigned in the model to the representation of the one fluid control device for which the fluid control parameter has been varied. | HVAC system for a building with a control, including a model containing representations of HVAC devices and control devices, assignments between the representations of HVAC devices and control devices, and representations of fluid control devices and sensor devices. A configuring section can: cause one of several fluid control devices to vary a fluid control parameter; determine a variation of a sensor parameter at one of several sensor devices caused by variation of the fluid control parameter; compare the determined sensor device with the model to detect the representation of sensor device(s) corresponding to the sensor device determined; assign the sensor device determined to one of the control devices corresponding to a representation of control devices assigned to the representation of the sensor device corresponding to the sensor device determined and/or assigned to the representation of the fluid control device for which the fluid control parameter has been varied.1-20. (canceled) 21. Method for an HVAC system of a building structure with a control structure, a fluid conduit system, a communication network and a plurality of HVAC devices connected over the communication network to the control structure, wherein the plurality of HVAC devices comprises fluid control devices and sensor devices, wherein the control structure has a plurality of control devices, wherein a configuring section has access to a model of the HVAC system stored in memory and containing representations of HVAC devices, wherein the model of the HVAC system is created with all the HVAC devices to be installed in the building structure and the control structure, representation of the control devices and assignments between the representations of HVAC devices and the representations of the control devices, wherein the representation of the HVAC devices comprise representations of the fluid control devices and representations of the sensor devices, wherein the method comprises the steps:
a) a configuring section causes one of the fluid control devices to vary a fluid control parameter; b) determine, in the configuring section, a variation of a sensor parameter at at least one of the sensor devices caused by the variation of the fluid control parameter; c) detect, in the configuring section, the at least one representation of sensor device(s) in the model corresponding to the at least one sensor device determined; d) assign, in the configuring section, at least one of the control devices to the at least one sensor device determined, the at least one of the control devices corresponding to at least one representation of control devices
assigned in the model to the representation of the at least one sensor device corresponding to the at least one sensor device determined and/or
assigned in the model to the representation of the one fluid control device for which the fluid control parameter has been varied. 22. Method according to claim 21, wherein at least one sensor device whose sensor parameter variations has been determined in step (b), is arranged in the fluid conduit system. 23. Method according to claim 21, wherein the sensor parameter is indicative for a fluid volume flow in the fluid conduit system. 24. Method according to claim 21, wherein the step c) comprises comparing, in the configuring section, the determined at least one sensor device and the one fluid control device with the model in order to detect the representation of at least one sensor device corresponding to the at least one sensor device determined and the representation of one fluid control device corresponding to the fluid control device. 25. Method according to claim 21, wherein the fluid control devices comprise a first fluid flow generation device for generating a fluid flow in a first conduit portion of the fluid conduit system, wherein the sensor devices comprise a first group of sensor devices arranged in the first conduit portion, wherein the representations of the fluid control devices comprise representations of the first fluid flow generation device, wherein the steps a) to d) correspond to the following steps:
a) the configuring section causes the first fluid flow generation device to vary a fluid control parameter; b) determine, in the configuring section, a variation of a sensor parameter in the first group of sensor devices caused by the variation of the fluid control parameter of the first fluid flow generation device; c) detect, in the configuring section, the representations of sensor devices corresponding to the first group of sensor devices by comparing the first group of sensor devices with the model; d) assign, in the configuring section, the first group of sensor devices to at least one of the control devices corresponding to at least one representation of control devices assigned in the model to the first group of sensor devices and/or assigned in the model to the first fluid flow generation device. 26. Method according to claim 25, wherein the fluid control devices comprise a first group of actuators arranged in the first conduit portion, wherein each actuator of the first group of actuators is related to at least one of the first group of sensor devices, wherein the configuring section assigns each of the first group of actuators to the at least one control device which is assigned to the sensor device to which the actuator is related. 27. Method according to claim 26, wherein the method comprises for the actuators of the first group of actuator for which the related sensor device is not known the following steps:
the configuring section causes the actuator to vary a fluid control parameter; determine, in the configuring section, a variation of a sensor parameter at at least one of the sensor devices caused by the variation of the fluid control parameter; determine, in the configuring section, the sensor device of the first group related to the actuator based on the determined at least one sensor device. 28. Method according to claim 25, wherein the fluid control devices comprise a second fluid flow generation device for generating a fluid flow in a second conduit portion of the fluid conduit system, wherein the sensor devices comprise a second group of sensor devices arranged in the second conduit portion, wherein the representations of the fluid control devices comprise representations of the second fluid flow generation device, wherein the method comprises further the following steps:
the configuring section causes the second fluid flow generation device to vary a fluid control parameter; determine, in the configuring section, a variation of a sensor parameter in the second group of sensor devices caused by the variation of the fluid control parameter of the second fluid flow generation device; detect, in the configuring section, the representations of sensor devices corresponding to the second group of sensor devices; assign, in the configuring section, the second group of sensor devices to at least one of the control devices corresponding to at least one representation of control devices assigned in the model to the first group of sensor devices and/or to the first fluid flow generation device. 29. Method according to claim 25, wherein each group of sensor devices and/or the related fluid flow generation device is assigned to a corresponding unit of the building structure and/or application based on one or more of the following:
the information about the fluid flow generation device and/or the sensor devices, the number of sensor devices and/or actuators, and the structure of sensor devices and/or actuators. 30. Method according to claim 21, wherein the configuring section receives a user input, wherein the configuring section performs the following steps:
comparing the assignment(s) from the configuring section with the user input; determining a configuration error on the basis of the comparison result; and correcting the configuration error and/or informing a user about the configuration error. 31. Method according to claim 30, wherein the user input comprises the location of the HVAC devices and/or assignments between HVAC devices and their control devices of the control structure. 32. Method according to claim 30, wherein the user input is performed by mobile device registering each HVAC device by reading an identification code of the respective HVAC device by a near field communication or by capturing an image of the identification code of the HVAC device. 33. Method according to claim 30, wherein the step of informing the user about the configuration error comprises the step of guiding the user in an augmented reality of at least a part of the building structure how to overcome the configuration error. 34. Non-transitory computer readable medium having instructions for executing a computer program stored thereon, that when executed on a processor, causes a computer to perform the steps of the method of claim 21. 35. HVAC system for a building structure with a control structure, a fluid conduit system, a communication network and a plurality of HVAC devices connected over the communication network to the control structure, wherein the plurality of HVAC devices comprises fluid control devices and sensor devices, wherein the control structure has a plurality of control devices, wherein the configuring section has access to a model of the HVAC system stored in memory and containing representations of HVAC devices, wherein the model of the HVAC system is created with all the HVAC devices to be installed in the building structure and the control structure, representation of the control devices and assignments between the representations of HVAC devices and the representations of the control devices, wherein the representation of the HVAC devices comprise representations of the fluid control devices and representations of the sensor devices, wherein the HVAC system comprises an configuring section configured to:
a) cause one of the fluid control devices to vary a fluid control parameter; b) determine a variation of a sensor parameter at at least one of the sensor devices caused by the variation of the fluid control parameter; c) detect the at least one representation of sensor device(s) corresponding to the at least one sensor device determined; d) assign at least one of the control devices to the at least one sensor device determined, the at least one of the control devices corresponding to at least one representation of control devices assigned in the model to the representation of the at least one sensor device corresponding to the at least one sensor device determined and/or assigned in the model to the representation of the one fluid control device for which the fluid control parameter has been varied. | 1,700 |
345,130 | 16,643,020 | 1,771 | In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a conveyor skirt system, the system comprising: a support member; a series of skirting panels releasably fixed to the support member; a rail assembly positioned outside the conveyor, extending in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of the conveyor; and a trolley assembly mounted on the rail assembly, the trolley assembly being adapted to engage and support one or more of the skirting panels. | 1. A conveyor skirt system, the system comprising:
an support member fixed relative to the conveyor; a series of skirting panels releasably fixed to the support member; a rail assembly positioned outside the conveyor, extending in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of the conveyor; and a trolley assembly mounted on the rail assembly, the trolley assembly being adapted to engage and support one or more of the skirting panels. 2. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 1, wherein each skirting panel has a wear liner attached thereto. 3. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 1, wherein the arrangement of the trolley assembly and the rail assembly allows the trolley assembly to run along the length of the rail assembly in either direction. 4. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 1, wherein the support member fixed relative to the conveyor. 5. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 1, wherein the rail assembly comprises one or more rail tracks. 6. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 1, wherein the trolley assembly comprises a rail assembly engaging portion and a skirting panel engaging portion. 7. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 6, wherein the rail assembly engaging portion is adapted to engage and move along the rail assembly. 8. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 6, wherein the skirting panel engaging portion is adapted to engage a skirting panel. 9. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 6, wherein the skirting panel engaging portion comprises one or more engagement arms. 10. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 9, wherein the one or more engagement arms are adapted to engage a skirting panel. 11. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 9, wherein the one or more engagement arms are adapted to extend and retract. 12. A conveyor skirt system according to claim 1, wherein each skirting panel is provided with one or more attachment means. 13. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 12, wherein each attachment means is adapted to be engaged by the trolley assembly. 14. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 12, wherein each attachment means comprises a mounting aperture adapted for engagement with the trolley assembly. 15. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 14, wherein the mounting aperture is adapted for engagement with the one or more engagement arms. 16. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 1, wherein the skirt panels depend from the support member. 17. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 1, wherein each skirting panel is releasably fixed to the adjacent skirting panel. 18. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 1, wherein the rail assembly further comprises a lateral rail track orientated perpendicular to the direction of the rail track 19. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 18, wherein the lateral rail track is in communication with the rail track, such that the trolley assembly may move from the rail track to the lateral rail track. 20. A method for replacing a wear liner on a skirting panel of a conveyor, the method comprising the step of:
positioning a trolley assembly mounted on a rail assembly adjacent to the skirting panel with the wear liner to be replaced fastened thereto; engaging the skirting panel with the trolley assembly and unfastening the skirting panel from the conveyor; moving the trolley assembly and the skirting panel along the rail assembly to a position clear of the conveyor; replacing the skirting panel and/or the wear liner; moving the trolley assembly and the skirting panel along the rail assembly to a position suitable for mounting; and fastening to the skirting panel to the conveyor. | In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a conveyor skirt system, the system comprising: a support member; a series of skirting panels releasably fixed to the support member; a rail assembly positioned outside the conveyor, extending in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of the conveyor; and a trolley assembly mounted on the rail assembly, the trolley assembly being adapted to engage and support one or more of the skirting panels.1. A conveyor skirt system, the system comprising:
an support member fixed relative to the conveyor; a series of skirting panels releasably fixed to the support member; a rail assembly positioned outside the conveyor, extending in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of the conveyor; and a trolley assembly mounted on the rail assembly, the trolley assembly being adapted to engage and support one or more of the skirting panels. 2. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 1, wherein each skirting panel has a wear liner attached thereto. 3. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 1, wherein the arrangement of the trolley assembly and the rail assembly allows the trolley assembly to run along the length of the rail assembly in either direction. 4. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 1, wherein the support member fixed relative to the conveyor. 5. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 1, wherein the rail assembly comprises one or more rail tracks. 6. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 1, wherein the trolley assembly comprises a rail assembly engaging portion and a skirting panel engaging portion. 7. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 6, wherein the rail assembly engaging portion is adapted to engage and move along the rail assembly. 8. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 6, wherein the skirting panel engaging portion is adapted to engage a skirting panel. 9. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 6, wherein the skirting panel engaging portion comprises one or more engagement arms. 10. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 9, wherein the one or more engagement arms are adapted to engage a skirting panel. 11. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 9, wherein the one or more engagement arms are adapted to extend and retract. 12. A conveyor skirt system according to claim 1, wherein each skirting panel is provided with one or more attachment means. 13. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 12, wherein each attachment means is adapted to be engaged by the trolley assembly. 14. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 12, wherein each attachment means comprises a mounting aperture adapted for engagement with the trolley assembly. 15. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 14, wherein the mounting aperture is adapted for engagement with the one or more engagement arms. 16. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 1, wherein the skirt panels depend from the support member. 17. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 1, wherein each skirting panel is releasably fixed to the adjacent skirting panel. 18. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 1, wherein the rail assembly further comprises a lateral rail track orientated perpendicular to the direction of the rail track 19. The conveyor skirt system according to claim 18, wherein the lateral rail track is in communication with the rail track, such that the trolley assembly may move from the rail track to the lateral rail track. 20. A method for replacing a wear liner on a skirting panel of a conveyor, the method comprising the step of:
positioning a trolley assembly mounted on a rail assembly adjacent to the skirting panel with the wear liner to be replaced fastened thereto; engaging the skirting panel with the trolley assembly and unfastening the skirting panel from the conveyor; moving the trolley assembly and the skirting panel along the rail assembly to a position clear of the conveyor; replacing the skirting panel and/or the wear liner; moving the trolley assembly and the skirting panel along the rail assembly to a position suitable for mounting; and fastening to the skirting panel to the conveyor. | 1,700 |
345,131 | 16,643,049 | 2,855 | A differential pressure measuring arrangement, comprising: a differential pressure measuring transducer; a first differential pressure line supplying the differential pressure measuring transducer with the first media pressure; a second differential pressure line supplying the differential pressure measuring transducer with the second media pressure; a temperature sensor; and a processing and evaluation unit for processing the differential pressure measurement signal and the temperature signal; wherein the processing and evaluation unit is adapted to determine a significant correlation between a change of the temperature signal and the differential pressure signal and to consider such as indication of a plugged differential pressure line and is further adapted to test whether a considered indication of a plugged differential pressure line can be verified based on additional process data, which preferably were not registered by the differential pressure measuring transducer. | 1-15. canceled 16. A differential pressure measuring arrangement, comprising:
a differential pressure measuring transducer for registering a difference between a first media pressure and a second media pressure and for providing a differential pressure measurement signal that depends on the difference between the first media pressure and the second media pressure; a first differential pressure line connected to a first pressure input of the differential pressure measuring transducer in order to supply the differential pressure measuring transducer with the first media pressure; a second differential pressure line connected to a second pressure input of the differential pressure measuring transducer in order to supply the differential pressure measuring transducer with the second media pressure; a temperature sensor for outputting a temperature signal that correlates with a temperature of the differential pressure lines; and a processing and evaluation unit for processing the differential pressure measurement signal and the temperature signal; wherein the processing and evaluation unit is adapted, based on the differential pressure measurement signal and the temperature signal, to determine a significant correlation between a change of the temperature signal and the differential pressure signal, and to consider the determining of a significant correlation as an indication of a plugged differential pressure line, and wherein the processing and evaluation unit is further adapted to test whether a considered indication of a plugged differential pressure line can be verified based on additional process data of the process. 17. The differential pressure measuring arrangement as claimed in claim 16, further comprising:
a data repository arranged away from the differential pressure measuring transducer, wherein the differential pressure measuring transducer includes the processing and evaluation unit and the processing and evaluation unit is further adapted to retrieve, or to receive, the additional process data from the data repository for the testing. 18. The differential pressure measuring arrangement as claimed in claim 16, further comprising:
a data repository arranged away from the differential pressure measuring transducer, wherein the data repository includes at least a first part of the processing and evaluation unit, and wherein the first part of the processing and evaluation unit in the data repository is adapted to test whether a considered indication of a plugged differential pressure line can be verified based on additional process data of the process. 19. The differential pressure measuring arrangement as claimed in claim 18, wherein the differential pressure measuring transducer has a second part of the processing and evaluation unit, wherein the second part of the processing and evaluation unit is adapted, based on the differential pressure measurement signal and the temperature signal, to determine a significant correlation between a change of the temperature signal and the differential pressure signal, and to consider the determining of a significant correlation as indication of a plugged differential pressure line. 20. The differential pressure measuring arrangement as claimed in claim 19, wherein the second part of the processing and evaluation unit is further adapted to communicate the indication of a plugged differential pressure line to the first part of the processing and evaluation unit and the first part of the processing and evaluation unit is further adapted, based on the additional process data of the process, to test whether the indication can be verified. 21. The differential pressure measuring arrangement as claimed in claim 16, wherein the processing and evaluation unit is adapted to consider a positive correlation between a temperature signal change corresponding to a temperature rise and the differential pressure signal as an indication of a plugging of the first differential pressure line. 22. The differential pressure measuring arrangement as claimed in claim 16, wherein the processing and evaluation unit is adapted to consider a negative correlation between a temperature signal change corresponding to a temperature rise and the differential pressure signal as an indication of a plugging of the second differential pressure line. 23. The differential pressure measuring arrangement as claimed in claim 16, wherein the processing and evaluation unit is further adapted to ascertain at least one characteristic parameter of noise or a fluctuation of the differential pressure measurement signal and to take the at least one characteristic parameter into consideration in the determining of a plugged differential pressure line. 24. A method for monitoring a differential pressure measuring arrangement, comprising:
providing a differential pressure measuring arrangement including:
a differential pressure measuring transducer for registering a difference between a first media pressure and a second media pressure and for providing a differential pressure measurement signal that depends on the difference between a first media pressure and a second media pressure;
a first differential pressure line connected to a first pressure input of the differential pressure measuring transducer, in order to supply the differential pressure measuring transducer with the first media pressure;
a second differential pressure line connected to a second pressure input of the differential pressure measuring transducer, in order to supply the differential pressure measuring transducer with the second media pressure; and
a temperature sensor for outputting a temperature signal that correlates with a temperature of the differential pressure lines;
registering as a function of time the temperature signal and the differential pressure measurement signal; determining whether there is a significant correlation between a change of the temperature signal and the differential pressure signal, and considering the significant correlation as an indication of a plugged differential pressure line; and testing whether the considering of the determining of a significant correlation between a change of the temperature signal and the differential pressure signal as an indication of a plugged differential pressure line can be verified based on additional process data of the process. 25. The method as claimed in claim 24,
wherein the differential pressure transducer further includes a processing and evaluation unit, and wherein the testing is executed by the processing and evaluation unit, the method further comprising: retrieving or receiving from a central data repository the additional process data. 26. The method as claimed in claim 24, wherein the testing is performed from a data repository arranged outside of the differential pressure transducer, wherein the data repository has the additional process data of the process. 27. The method as claimed in claim 26, wherein the determining of a significant correlation is performed by the processing and evaluation unit arranged within the differential pressure transducer, the method further comprising:
the processing and evaluation unit transmitting the indication of a plugged differential pressure line to the data repository; and the data repository testing based on the additional process data of the process whether the indication can be verified. 28. The method as claimed in claim 24, wherein the additional process data of the process are registered by field devices that monitor and/or control the process and the process data of the process are provided to the data repository by the field devices. 29. The method as claimed in claim 24, further comprising:
analyzing noise or a fluctuation of the differential pressure measurement signal; and testing whether the noise or the fluctuation indicates a plugged differential pressure line. 30. The method as claimed in claim 24, further comprising:
signaling a plugged differential pressure line when the considering of the determining of a significant correlation between a change of the temperature signal and the differential pressure signal as an indication of a plugged differential pressure line is verified based on additional process data of the process. | A differential pressure measuring arrangement, comprising: a differential pressure measuring transducer; a first differential pressure line supplying the differential pressure measuring transducer with the first media pressure; a second differential pressure line supplying the differential pressure measuring transducer with the second media pressure; a temperature sensor; and a processing and evaluation unit for processing the differential pressure measurement signal and the temperature signal; wherein the processing and evaluation unit is adapted to determine a significant correlation between a change of the temperature signal and the differential pressure signal and to consider such as indication of a plugged differential pressure line and is further adapted to test whether a considered indication of a plugged differential pressure line can be verified based on additional process data, which preferably were not registered by the differential pressure measuring transducer.1-15. canceled 16. A differential pressure measuring arrangement, comprising:
a differential pressure measuring transducer for registering a difference between a first media pressure and a second media pressure and for providing a differential pressure measurement signal that depends on the difference between the first media pressure and the second media pressure; a first differential pressure line connected to a first pressure input of the differential pressure measuring transducer in order to supply the differential pressure measuring transducer with the first media pressure; a second differential pressure line connected to a second pressure input of the differential pressure measuring transducer in order to supply the differential pressure measuring transducer with the second media pressure; a temperature sensor for outputting a temperature signal that correlates with a temperature of the differential pressure lines; and a processing and evaluation unit for processing the differential pressure measurement signal and the temperature signal; wherein the processing and evaluation unit is adapted, based on the differential pressure measurement signal and the temperature signal, to determine a significant correlation between a change of the temperature signal and the differential pressure signal, and to consider the determining of a significant correlation as an indication of a plugged differential pressure line, and wherein the processing and evaluation unit is further adapted to test whether a considered indication of a plugged differential pressure line can be verified based on additional process data of the process. 17. The differential pressure measuring arrangement as claimed in claim 16, further comprising:
a data repository arranged away from the differential pressure measuring transducer, wherein the differential pressure measuring transducer includes the processing and evaluation unit and the processing and evaluation unit is further adapted to retrieve, or to receive, the additional process data from the data repository for the testing. 18. The differential pressure measuring arrangement as claimed in claim 16, further comprising:
a data repository arranged away from the differential pressure measuring transducer, wherein the data repository includes at least a first part of the processing and evaluation unit, and wherein the first part of the processing and evaluation unit in the data repository is adapted to test whether a considered indication of a plugged differential pressure line can be verified based on additional process data of the process. 19. The differential pressure measuring arrangement as claimed in claim 18, wherein the differential pressure measuring transducer has a second part of the processing and evaluation unit, wherein the second part of the processing and evaluation unit is adapted, based on the differential pressure measurement signal and the temperature signal, to determine a significant correlation between a change of the temperature signal and the differential pressure signal, and to consider the determining of a significant correlation as indication of a plugged differential pressure line. 20. The differential pressure measuring arrangement as claimed in claim 19, wherein the second part of the processing and evaluation unit is further adapted to communicate the indication of a plugged differential pressure line to the first part of the processing and evaluation unit and the first part of the processing and evaluation unit is further adapted, based on the additional process data of the process, to test whether the indication can be verified. 21. The differential pressure measuring arrangement as claimed in claim 16, wherein the processing and evaluation unit is adapted to consider a positive correlation between a temperature signal change corresponding to a temperature rise and the differential pressure signal as an indication of a plugging of the first differential pressure line. 22. The differential pressure measuring arrangement as claimed in claim 16, wherein the processing and evaluation unit is adapted to consider a negative correlation between a temperature signal change corresponding to a temperature rise and the differential pressure signal as an indication of a plugging of the second differential pressure line. 23. The differential pressure measuring arrangement as claimed in claim 16, wherein the processing and evaluation unit is further adapted to ascertain at least one characteristic parameter of noise or a fluctuation of the differential pressure measurement signal and to take the at least one characteristic parameter into consideration in the determining of a plugged differential pressure line. 24. A method for monitoring a differential pressure measuring arrangement, comprising:
providing a differential pressure measuring arrangement including:
a differential pressure measuring transducer for registering a difference between a first media pressure and a second media pressure and for providing a differential pressure measurement signal that depends on the difference between a first media pressure and a second media pressure;
a first differential pressure line connected to a first pressure input of the differential pressure measuring transducer, in order to supply the differential pressure measuring transducer with the first media pressure;
a second differential pressure line connected to a second pressure input of the differential pressure measuring transducer, in order to supply the differential pressure measuring transducer with the second media pressure; and
a temperature sensor for outputting a temperature signal that correlates with a temperature of the differential pressure lines;
registering as a function of time the temperature signal and the differential pressure measurement signal; determining whether there is a significant correlation between a change of the temperature signal and the differential pressure signal, and considering the significant correlation as an indication of a plugged differential pressure line; and testing whether the considering of the determining of a significant correlation between a change of the temperature signal and the differential pressure signal as an indication of a plugged differential pressure line can be verified based on additional process data of the process. 25. The method as claimed in claim 24,
wherein the differential pressure transducer further includes a processing and evaluation unit, and wherein the testing is executed by the processing and evaluation unit, the method further comprising: retrieving or receiving from a central data repository the additional process data. 26. The method as claimed in claim 24, wherein the testing is performed from a data repository arranged outside of the differential pressure transducer, wherein the data repository has the additional process data of the process. 27. The method as claimed in claim 26, wherein the determining of a significant correlation is performed by the processing and evaluation unit arranged within the differential pressure transducer, the method further comprising:
the processing and evaluation unit transmitting the indication of a plugged differential pressure line to the data repository; and the data repository testing based on the additional process data of the process whether the indication can be verified. 28. The method as claimed in claim 24, wherein the additional process data of the process are registered by field devices that monitor and/or control the process and the process data of the process are provided to the data repository by the field devices. 29. The method as claimed in claim 24, further comprising:
analyzing noise or a fluctuation of the differential pressure measurement signal; and testing whether the noise or the fluctuation indicates a plugged differential pressure line. 30. The method as claimed in claim 24, further comprising:
signaling a plugged differential pressure line when the considering of the determining of a significant correlation between a change of the temperature signal and the differential pressure signal as an indication of a plugged differential pressure line is verified based on additional process data of the process. | 2,800 |
345,132 | 16,643,045 | 2,855 | A keratin hydrolysate including at least 88% by weight of free amino acids relative to the total weight of the amino acids of the hydrolysate, the remainder of the hydrolysate being peptides having a molecular mass of less than or equal to 800 Dalton, the hydrolysate also including L-cystine in a content ranging from 4% to 6%, cysteine in a content of less than or equal to 0.1%, and tyrosine in a content of less than or equal to 0.6% by weight, relative to the total weight of the hydrolysate. Also, a process for preparing the hydrolysate, the oral cosmetic use of the hydrolysate for improving the appearance of the nails and/or of the hair, and a dietary supplement including the hydrolysate and optionally vitamins, zinc and/or L-cystine. | 1-16. (canceled) 17. A keratin hydrolysate comprising:
at least 88% by weight of free amino acids relative to the total weight of the amino acids of the hydrolysate, the remainder of the amino acids of the hydrolysate being in the form of peptides having a molecular mass less than or equal to 800 Dalton; L-cystine in a content ranging from 4% to 6% by weight relative to the total weight of the hydrolysate; cysteine in a content less than or equal to 0.1% by weight relative to the total weight of the hydrolysate; and tyrosine in a content less than or equal to 0.6% by weight relative to the total weight of the hydrolysate. 18. The keratin hydrolysate as claimed in claim 17, wherein said hydrolysate has a composition of total amino acids comprising: a glycine content ranging from 7% to 10% by weight; an alanine content ranging from 4% to 6% by weight; a valine content ranging from 6% to 10% by weight; a proline content ranging from 9% to 14% by weight. 19. The keratin hydrolysate as claimed in claim 17, wherein said hydrolysate comprises a composition of total amino acids comprising: an aspartic acid content ranging from 6% to 9% by weight; a threonine content ranging from 4% to 6% by weight; a serine content ranging from 10% to 15% by weight; a glutamic acid content ranging from 9% to 14% by weight; a glycine content ranging from 7% to 10% by weight; an alanine content ranging from 4% to 6% by weight; a valine content ranging from 6% to 10% by weight; a methionine content ranging from 0.1% to 0.4% by weight; an isoleucine content ranging from 4% to 6% by weight; a leucine content ranging from 6% to 9% by weight; a tyrosine content ranging from 0.1% to 0.5% by weight; a phenylalanine content ranging from 2% to 3% by weight; a lysine content ranging from 1% to 3% by weight; a histidine content ranging from 0.4% to 1% by weight; an arginine content ranging from 5% to 8% by weight; a proline content ranging from 9% to 14% by weight; a tryptophan content of less than 0.1%; and an L-cystine content ranging from 4% to 6% by weight. 20. The hydrolysate as claimed in claim 17, wherein said hydrolysate is a hydrolysate of poultry keratin raw material. 21. The hydrolysate as claimed in claim 17, wherein said hydrolysate has a true digestibility of the amino acids of at least 90%. 22. A method for preparing the keratin hydrolysate as claimed in claim 17 from a poultry keratin raw material, comprising at least the following steps, in this order:
subjecting the raw material to at least one chemical hydrolysis by means of an acid under conditions suitable for obtaining a hydrolysate comprising at least 88% by weight of free amino acids relative to the total weight of the amino acids of the hydrolysate, the remainder of the amino acids of the hydrolysate being in the form of peptides having a molecular mass less than or equal to 800 Dalton;
extracting the tyrosine from said hydrolysate; and
optionally drying. 23. The method as claimed in claim 22, wherein the at least one chemical hydrolysis is carried out in two steps:
a first chemical hydrolysis carried out at a temperature ranging from 60° C. to 80° C. for a period ranging from 4 to 5 hours, then a second chemical hydrolysis carried out at a temperature ranging from 100° C. to 115° C. for a period ranging from 5 to 7 hours, and wherein the two hydrolyses may be carried out without an intermediate waiting step or by staging an intermediate waiting step of between 1 hour and 7 days. 24. A cosmetic treatment method for improving anchoring, gloss and/or volume and/or density of hair of an individual in need thereof, comprising orally administering to the individual an effective amount of the keratin hydrolysate as claimed in claim 17. 25. A dietary supplement comprising the keratin hydrolysate as claimed in claim 17, said dietary supplement comprising from 40% to 60% by weight of keratin hydrolysate relative to the total weight of said dietary supplement. 26. The dietary supplement as claimed in claim 25, wherein, with the exception of L-cystine, said dietary supplement comprises no free amino acids other than those contained in the hydrolysate. 27. The dietary supplement as claimed in claim 25, further comprising at least one component selected from the group consisting of zinc or a salt thereof, copper or a salt thereof, one or more B vitamins, and mixtures thereof. 28. The dietary supplement as claimed in claim 25, comprising:
said keratin hydrolysate in a content ranging from 0.001 to 2 g; vitamin B3 in a content corresponding to 1% to 3% by weight of nicotinamide relative to the weight of the hydrolysate; vitamin B5 in a content corresponding to 1% to 2% by weight of calcium pantothenate relative to the weight of the hydrolysate; vitamin B6 in a content corresponding to 0.1% to 0.5% by weight of pyridoxine hydrochloride relative to the weight of the hydrolysate; vitamin B8 in a content ranging from 0.01% to 0.1% relative to the weight of the hydrolysate; zinc or a salt thereof in a content ranging from 0.5% to 2% of zinc relative to the weight of the hydrolysate; and copper or a salt thereof in a content ranging from 0.05% to 0.5% of copper relative to the weight of the hydrolysate. 29. The dietary supplement as claimed in claim 25, wherein the dietary supplement comprises, besides the L-cystine contained in the keratin hydrolysate, an additional amount of L-cystine. 30. A cosmetic treatment method for improving quality and/or appearance of nails and/or of hair of an individual in need thereof, comprising orally administering to said individual an effective amount of the dietary supplement as claimed claim 25. 31. The method as claimed in claim 30, wherein the effective amount is a daily dose administered to an individual comprising:
a keratin hydrolysate in a content ranging from 0.001 to 2 g; vitamin B3 in a content corresponding to a content ranging from 0.015 to 0.020 g of nicotinamide; vitamin B5 in a content corresponding to a content ranging from 0.010 to 0.015 g of calcium pantothenate; vitamin B6 in a content corresponding to a content ranging from 0.0004 to 0.0006 g of pyridoxine hydrochloride; vitamin B8 in a content ranging from 0.0004 to 0.0006 g; zinc or a salt thereof in a zinc content ranging from 0.008 to 0.0012 g; and copper or a salt thereof in a copper content ranging from 0.001 to 0.002 g. 32. The method as claimed in claim 31, wherein the daily dose further comprises additional L-cystine in an amount by weight equal to the amount by weight of the hydrolysate. 33. A cosmetic treatment method for improving quality and/or appearance of nails and/or of hair of an individual in need thereof, comprising orally administering to said individual an effective amount of the keratin hydrolysate as claimed claim 17. 34. The method as claimed in claim 33, wherein the effective amount of said keratin hydrolysate is part of a daily dose administered to an individual comprising:
said keratin hydrolysate in a content ranging from 0.001 to 2 g; vitamin B3 in a content corresponding to a content ranging from 0.015 to 0.020 g of nicotinamide; vitamin B5 in a content corresponding to a content ranging from 0.010 to 0.015 g of calcium pantothenate; vitamin B6 in a content corresponding to a content ranging from 0.0004 to 0.0006 g of pyridoxine hydrochloride; vitamin B8 in a content ranging from 0.0004 to 0.0006 g; zinc or a salt thereof in a zinc content ranging from 0.008 to 0.0012 g; and copper or a salt thereof in a copper content ranging from 0.001 to 0.002 g. 35. The method as claimed in claim 34, wherein the daily dose further comprises additional L-cystine in an amount by weight equal to the amount by weight of the hydrolysate. | A keratin hydrolysate including at least 88% by weight of free amino acids relative to the total weight of the amino acids of the hydrolysate, the remainder of the hydrolysate being peptides having a molecular mass of less than or equal to 800 Dalton, the hydrolysate also including L-cystine in a content ranging from 4% to 6%, cysteine in a content of less than or equal to 0.1%, and tyrosine in a content of less than or equal to 0.6% by weight, relative to the total weight of the hydrolysate. Also, a process for preparing the hydrolysate, the oral cosmetic use of the hydrolysate for improving the appearance of the nails and/or of the hair, and a dietary supplement including the hydrolysate and optionally vitamins, zinc and/or L-cystine.1-16. (canceled) 17. A keratin hydrolysate comprising:
at least 88% by weight of free amino acids relative to the total weight of the amino acids of the hydrolysate, the remainder of the amino acids of the hydrolysate being in the form of peptides having a molecular mass less than or equal to 800 Dalton; L-cystine in a content ranging from 4% to 6% by weight relative to the total weight of the hydrolysate; cysteine in a content less than or equal to 0.1% by weight relative to the total weight of the hydrolysate; and tyrosine in a content less than or equal to 0.6% by weight relative to the total weight of the hydrolysate. 18. The keratin hydrolysate as claimed in claim 17, wherein said hydrolysate has a composition of total amino acids comprising: a glycine content ranging from 7% to 10% by weight; an alanine content ranging from 4% to 6% by weight; a valine content ranging from 6% to 10% by weight; a proline content ranging from 9% to 14% by weight. 19. The keratin hydrolysate as claimed in claim 17, wherein said hydrolysate comprises a composition of total amino acids comprising: an aspartic acid content ranging from 6% to 9% by weight; a threonine content ranging from 4% to 6% by weight; a serine content ranging from 10% to 15% by weight; a glutamic acid content ranging from 9% to 14% by weight; a glycine content ranging from 7% to 10% by weight; an alanine content ranging from 4% to 6% by weight; a valine content ranging from 6% to 10% by weight; a methionine content ranging from 0.1% to 0.4% by weight; an isoleucine content ranging from 4% to 6% by weight; a leucine content ranging from 6% to 9% by weight; a tyrosine content ranging from 0.1% to 0.5% by weight; a phenylalanine content ranging from 2% to 3% by weight; a lysine content ranging from 1% to 3% by weight; a histidine content ranging from 0.4% to 1% by weight; an arginine content ranging from 5% to 8% by weight; a proline content ranging from 9% to 14% by weight; a tryptophan content of less than 0.1%; and an L-cystine content ranging from 4% to 6% by weight. 20. The hydrolysate as claimed in claim 17, wherein said hydrolysate is a hydrolysate of poultry keratin raw material. 21. The hydrolysate as claimed in claim 17, wherein said hydrolysate has a true digestibility of the amino acids of at least 90%. 22. A method for preparing the keratin hydrolysate as claimed in claim 17 from a poultry keratin raw material, comprising at least the following steps, in this order:
subjecting the raw material to at least one chemical hydrolysis by means of an acid under conditions suitable for obtaining a hydrolysate comprising at least 88% by weight of free amino acids relative to the total weight of the amino acids of the hydrolysate, the remainder of the amino acids of the hydrolysate being in the form of peptides having a molecular mass less than or equal to 800 Dalton;
extracting the tyrosine from said hydrolysate; and
optionally drying. 23. The method as claimed in claim 22, wherein the at least one chemical hydrolysis is carried out in two steps:
a first chemical hydrolysis carried out at a temperature ranging from 60° C. to 80° C. for a period ranging from 4 to 5 hours, then a second chemical hydrolysis carried out at a temperature ranging from 100° C. to 115° C. for a period ranging from 5 to 7 hours, and wherein the two hydrolyses may be carried out without an intermediate waiting step or by staging an intermediate waiting step of between 1 hour and 7 days. 24. A cosmetic treatment method for improving anchoring, gloss and/or volume and/or density of hair of an individual in need thereof, comprising orally administering to the individual an effective amount of the keratin hydrolysate as claimed in claim 17. 25. A dietary supplement comprising the keratin hydrolysate as claimed in claim 17, said dietary supplement comprising from 40% to 60% by weight of keratin hydrolysate relative to the total weight of said dietary supplement. 26. The dietary supplement as claimed in claim 25, wherein, with the exception of L-cystine, said dietary supplement comprises no free amino acids other than those contained in the hydrolysate. 27. The dietary supplement as claimed in claim 25, further comprising at least one component selected from the group consisting of zinc or a salt thereof, copper or a salt thereof, one or more B vitamins, and mixtures thereof. 28. The dietary supplement as claimed in claim 25, comprising:
said keratin hydrolysate in a content ranging from 0.001 to 2 g; vitamin B3 in a content corresponding to 1% to 3% by weight of nicotinamide relative to the weight of the hydrolysate; vitamin B5 in a content corresponding to 1% to 2% by weight of calcium pantothenate relative to the weight of the hydrolysate; vitamin B6 in a content corresponding to 0.1% to 0.5% by weight of pyridoxine hydrochloride relative to the weight of the hydrolysate; vitamin B8 in a content ranging from 0.01% to 0.1% relative to the weight of the hydrolysate; zinc or a salt thereof in a content ranging from 0.5% to 2% of zinc relative to the weight of the hydrolysate; and copper or a salt thereof in a content ranging from 0.05% to 0.5% of copper relative to the weight of the hydrolysate. 29. The dietary supplement as claimed in claim 25, wherein the dietary supplement comprises, besides the L-cystine contained in the keratin hydrolysate, an additional amount of L-cystine. 30. A cosmetic treatment method for improving quality and/or appearance of nails and/or of hair of an individual in need thereof, comprising orally administering to said individual an effective amount of the dietary supplement as claimed claim 25. 31. The method as claimed in claim 30, wherein the effective amount is a daily dose administered to an individual comprising:
a keratin hydrolysate in a content ranging from 0.001 to 2 g; vitamin B3 in a content corresponding to a content ranging from 0.015 to 0.020 g of nicotinamide; vitamin B5 in a content corresponding to a content ranging from 0.010 to 0.015 g of calcium pantothenate; vitamin B6 in a content corresponding to a content ranging from 0.0004 to 0.0006 g of pyridoxine hydrochloride; vitamin B8 in a content ranging from 0.0004 to 0.0006 g; zinc or a salt thereof in a zinc content ranging from 0.008 to 0.0012 g; and copper or a salt thereof in a copper content ranging from 0.001 to 0.002 g. 32. The method as claimed in claim 31, wherein the daily dose further comprises additional L-cystine in an amount by weight equal to the amount by weight of the hydrolysate. 33. A cosmetic treatment method for improving quality and/or appearance of nails and/or of hair of an individual in need thereof, comprising orally administering to said individual an effective amount of the keratin hydrolysate as claimed claim 17. 34. The method as claimed in claim 33, wherein the effective amount of said keratin hydrolysate is part of a daily dose administered to an individual comprising:
said keratin hydrolysate in a content ranging from 0.001 to 2 g; vitamin B3 in a content corresponding to a content ranging from 0.015 to 0.020 g of nicotinamide; vitamin B5 in a content corresponding to a content ranging from 0.010 to 0.015 g of calcium pantothenate; vitamin B6 in a content corresponding to a content ranging from 0.0004 to 0.0006 g of pyridoxine hydrochloride; vitamin B8 in a content ranging from 0.0004 to 0.0006 g; zinc or a salt thereof in a zinc content ranging from 0.008 to 0.0012 g; and copper or a salt thereof in a copper content ranging from 0.001 to 0.002 g. 35. The method as claimed in claim 34, wherein the daily dose further comprises additional L-cystine in an amount by weight equal to the amount by weight of the hydrolysate. | 2,800 |
345,133 | 16,643,016 | 2,855 | The invention relates to a press-in pin (10) for an electrical contacting assembly (1), having an elastic press-in region (12) and an electrically conductive coating (14). The invention further relates to a corresponding contacting assembly (1), and to a method for joining a press-in pin (10) and a metallized via (7). The coating (14) comprises a reactive multi-layer applied to the press-in pin (10) and a first contact layer applied to the reactive multi-layer. | 1. A press-in pin (10) for an electrical contact-making arrangement (1), the press-in pin comprising an elastic press-in region (12) and an electrically conductive coating (14), characterized in that the coating (14) comprises a reactive multilayer (14.1) which is applied to the elastic press-in region (12) and a first contact layer (14.2) which is applied to the reactive multilayer (14.1). 2. The press-in pin (10) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the reactive multilayer (14.1) is applied to an effective press-in length of the elastic press-in region (12). 3. The press-in pin (10) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the reactive multilayer (14.1) is constructed from at least two different metal materials which are deposited alternately on the press-in pin (10). 4. The press-in pin (10) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the reactive multilayer (14.1) contains aluminum as a first metal material and nickel as a second metal material. 5. The press-in pin (10) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that copper is applied as the first contact layer (14.2). 6. An electrical contact-making arrangement (1) comprising
a press-in pin (10), which has an elastic press-in region (12) and an electrically conductive coating (14), and a metallized plated-through hole (7), which is inserted into a hole (5) in a printed circuit board (3) and forms a contact area (8) for the elastic press-in region (12) and the electrically conductive coating (14), wherein the press-in pin (10) is pushed into the metallized plated-through hole (7) and forms an integrally joined connection (9) between a first contact layer (14.2) of the press-in pin (10) and a second contact layer (8.1) of the metallized plated-through hole (7), wherein the coating (14) comprises a reactive multilayer (14.1) which is applied to the elastic press-in region (12) and a first contact layer (14.2) which is applied to the reactive multilayer (14.1), and wherein the integrally joined connection (9) is produced by an exothermic reaction of the activated reactive multilayer (14.1). 7. The electrical contact-making arrangement (1) as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that dimensions and spring properties of the elastic press-in region (12) of the press-in pin (10) are matched to dimensions of the metallized plated-through hole (7) such that the elastic press-in region (12) generates a lateral force (Fq) on the metallized plated-through hole (7) which is less than 25 N/mm2. 8. The electrical contact-making arrangement (1) as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the second contact layer (8.1) of the metallized plated-through hole (7) contains copper. 9. A method for joining a press-in pin (10), as claimed in claim 1 with a metallized plated-through hole (7) which is inserted into a hole (5) in a printed circuit board (3), wherein the press-in pin (10) is pushed into the metallized plated-through hole (7) until a desired depth is reached, characterized in that the reactive multilayer (14.1) of the coating (14) of the press-in pin (10) is activated by an energy pulse which triggers an exothermic reaction of the reactive multilayer (14.1), wherein heat which is generated by the exothermic reaction melts the adjacent first contact layer (14.2) of the press-in pin (10) and the second contact layer (8.1) of the metallized plated-through hole (7) and welds said first contact layer and said second contact layer to one another to form an integrally joined connection (9). 10. The method as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the energy pulse is introduced in a targeted manner into a tip (16) of the press-in pin (10) which is pushed into the metallized plated-through hole (7), said pin protruding out of the metallized plated-through hole (7). 11. The method as claimed in claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the energy pulse is generated as a laser pulse (ZI) or an electrical pulse. | The invention relates to a press-in pin (10) for an electrical contacting assembly (1), having an elastic press-in region (12) and an electrically conductive coating (14). The invention further relates to a corresponding contacting assembly (1), and to a method for joining a press-in pin (10) and a metallized via (7). The coating (14) comprises a reactive multi-layer applied to the press-in pin (10) and a first contact layer applied to the reactive multi-layer.1. A press-in pin (10) for an electrical contact-making arrangement (1), the press-in pin comprising an elastic press-in region (12) and an electrically conductive coating (14), characterized in that the coating (14) comprises a reactive multilayer (14.1) which is applied to the elastic press-in region (12) and a first contact layer (14.2) which is applied to the reactive multilayer (14.1). 2. The press-in pin (10) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the reactive multilayer (14.1) is applied to an effective press-in length of the elastic press-in region (12). 3. The press-in pin (10) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the reactive multilayer (14.1) is constructed from at least two different metal materials which are deposited alternately on the press-in pin (10). 4. The press-in pin (10) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the reactive multilayer (14.1) contains aluminum as a first metal material and nickel as a second metal material. 5. The press-in pin (10) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that copper is applied as the first contact layer (14.2). 6. An electrical contact-making arrangement (1) comprising
a press-in pin (10), which has an elastic press-in region (12) and an electrically conductive coating (14), and a metallized plated-through hole (7), which is inserted into a hole (5) in a printed circuit board (3) and forms a contact area (8) for the elastic press-in region (12) and the electrically conductive coating (14), wherein the press-in pin (10) is pushed into the metallized plated-through hole (7) and forms an integrally joined connection (9) between a first contact layer (14.2) of the press-in pin (10) and a second contact layer (8.1) of the metallized plated-through hole (7), wherein the coating (14) comprises a reactive multilayer (14.1) which is applied to the elastic press-in region (12) and a first contact layer (14.2) which is applied to the reactive multilayer (14.1), and wherein the integrally joined connection (9) is produced by an exothermic reaction of the activated reactive multilayer (14.1). 7. The electrical contact-making arrangement (1) as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that dimensions and spring properties of the elastic press-in region (12) of the press-in pin (10) are matched to dimensions of the metallized plated-through hole (7) such that the elastic press-in region (12) generates a lateral force (Fq) on the metallized plated-through hole (7) which is less than 25 N/mm2. 8. The electrical contact-making arrangement (1) as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the second contact layer (8.1) of the metallized plated-through hole (7) contains copper. 9. A method for joining a press-in pin (10), as claimed in claim 1 with a metallized plated-through hole (7) which is inserted into a hole (5) in a printed circuit board (3), wherein the press-in pin (10) is pushed into the metallized plated-through hole (7) until a desired depth is reached, characterized in that the reactive multilayer (14.1) of the coating (14) of the press-in pin (10) is activated by an energy pulse which triggers an exothermic reaction of the reactive multilayer (14.1), wherein heat which is generated by the exothermic reaction melts the adjacent first contact layer (14.2) of the press-in pin (10) and the second contact layer (8.1) of the metallized plated-through hole (7) and welds said first contact layer and said second contact layer to one another to form an integrally joined connection (9). 10. The method as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the energy pulse is introduced in a targeted manner into a tip (16) of the press-in pin (10) which is pushed into the metallized plated-through hole (7), said pin protruding out of the metallized plated-through hole (7). 11. The method as claimed in claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the energy pulse is generated as a laser pulse (ZI) or an electrical pulse. | 2,800 |
345,134 | 16,643,027 | 2,855 | The present invention relates to cosmetic compositions having antioxidant properties and suitable for any type of skin. | 1-59. (canceled) 60. A composition having antioxidant and visible and near infra-red light protection properties comprising or consisting in a mixture of the following substances, the respective percentages by weight being in relation to the total weight of the composition
a) one or more UVA and UVB filters at a percentage by weight from 5 to 24% b) one or more pigments, selected from the group consisting of rutile (titanium dioxide), zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide and mixtures thereof having different particle sizes in the micro and nano ranges and at a percentage by weight from 2 to 30%, c) one or more cooling agents at a percentage by weight from 0.1 to 20%, d) one or more radical scavengers, selected from the group consisting of plants, plant extracts, vitamins, amino acids, flavonoids, carotinoids, α-hydroxy acids and mixtures thereof, at a percentage by weight from 0.1 to 48%, or from 0.1 to 5%, and e) a residual percentage up to 100 wt % of cosmetic carriers, excipients, active substances and mixtures thereof. 61. The composition according claim 60, which is a cosmetic light protection and sunscreen composition. 62. The composition according to claim 60, which is an anti-aging composition. 63. The composition according to claim 60, which is an anti-dark spot composition. 64. The composition according to claim 60, which is a whitening composition. 65. The composition according to claim 60, comprising or consisting in a mixture of the following substances, the respective percentages by weight being in relation to the total weight of the composition
a) one or more UVA and UVB filters at a percentage by weight of 14.5% b) one or more pigments, selected from the group consisting of rutile (titanium dioxide), zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide and mixtures thereof having different particle sizes in the micro and nano ranges and at a percentage by weight from 2 to 30%, c) one or more cooling agents at a percentage by weight from 0.1 to 20%, d) one or more radical scavengers, selected from the group consisting of plants, plant extracts, vitamins, amino acids, flavonoids, carotinoids, α-hydroxy acids and mixtures thereof, at a percentage by weight from 0.1 to 5%, and e) a residual percentage up to 100 wt % of cosmetic carriers, excipients, active substances and mixtures thereof, or comprising or consisting in a mixture of the following substances, the respective percentages by weight being in relation to the total weight of the composition a) one or more UVA and UVB filters at a percentage by weight from 5 to 24% b) one or more pigments, selected from the group consisting of rutile (titanium dioxide), zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide and mixtures thereof having different particle sizes in the micro and nano ranges and at a percentage by weight of 10.5%, c) one or more cooling agents at a percentage by weight from 0.1 to 20%, d) one or more radical scavengers, selected from the group consisting of plants, plant extracts, vitamins, amino acids, flavonoids, carotinoids, α-hydroxy acids and mixtures thereof, at a percentage by weight from 0.1 to 5%, and e) a residual percentage up to 100 wt % of cosmetic carriers, excipients, active substances and mixtures thereof. 66. The composition, according claim 60, in association with another anti-aging agent, or with a whitening agent, or with another anti-aging agent and a whitening agent. 67. The composition according to claim 60, wherein the UV filters are Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine, Drometrizole Trisiloxane, Terephthalylidene Dicamphor Sulfonic Acid, Ethylhexyl Triazone, Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane, Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl Hexyl Benzoate, Diethylhexyl Butamido Triazone, Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid, Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate, Ethylhexyl Salicylate, Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol, Octocrylene, Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid, or mixtures thereof,
or wherein the UV filters are a mixture of Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate, Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl Hexyl Benzoate, Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine, Octocrylene and Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid. 68. The composition according to claim 60, wherein the pigment is a mixture of TiO2 and ZnO, each with smaller and larger particle sizes, wherein in weight 2 to 5 parts of TiO2 and 1 to 2 parts of ZnO are present, each with particle sizes from 100 to 500 μm, and 12 to 24 parts of TiO2 and 8 to 10 parts of ZnO are present, each with particle sizes from 10 to 600 nm. 69. The composition according to claim 60, wherein the pigment is a mixture of nanometer-size particles and micrometer-size particles in a weight ratio of the nanoparticles to the microparticles from 5:1 to 8:1,
or wherein the smaller particle size is within the range from 10 to 300 nm and the larger particle size is within the range from 100 to 250 μm. 70. The composition, according to claim 60, wherein the pigment is a mixture containing at least nanoparticles. 71. The composition according to claim 60, wherein the cooling agent is selected from the group consisting of L-Menthone Glycerol Ketal, DL-Menthone Glycerol Ketal, mixtures of the two, N-Ethyl-p-Menthane-3-Carboxamide, Menthol, Isopulegol, Monomenthyl Glutarate, 3-L-Menthoxypropane-1,2-Diol, Ethoxycarbonylmethyl-3-p-Menthane Carboxamide, essential oils of camphor, mint, lavender and mixtures thereof. 72. The composition according to claim 60, wherein the radical scavenger, either on its own or in a mixture of scavengers, has a radical protection factor of 40 to 100,000. 73. The composition according to claim 60, having a radical protection factor of 20 to 4,000. 74. The composition according to claim 60, having a sun protection factor higher than 40, or of 40 to 50+. 75. The composition according to claim 60, wherein the radical scavenger is selected from the group consisting of roseroot (Rhodiola sacra Root Extract or Rhodiola Rosea extract), Job's tear (Coix lacryma-Jobi Seed Extract), orchid (Dendrobium nobile Lindl Flower Extract), Saussurea (Saussurea involucrata Extract), common marigold (Calendula officinalis Flower Extract), peony (Paeonia lactiflora Root Extract), Scutellaria (Scutellaria lateriflora Root Extract or Scutellaria baicalensis Extract), Salvia (Salvia miltiorrhiza Root Extract), orchid (Bletilla striata Root Extract), green tea (Camellia sinensis Leaf Extract), leucojum (Leucojum aestivum bulb extract), astragalus (Astragalus membranaceus root extract), saposhnikovia (Saposhnikovia divaricata root extract), albizia (Albizia julibrissin flower extract), gastrodia (Gastrodia elata root extract), Magnolia seiboldii extract, tocopheryl acetate and mixtures thereof,
or wherein the radical scavenger is a mixture of roseroot (Rhodiola sacra Root Extract), Job's tear (Coix Lacryma-Jobi Seed Extract), orchid (Dendrobium nobile Lindl Flower Extract) and green tea (Camellia sinensis Leaf Extract), or wherein the radical scavenger is a mixture of Saussurea (Saussurea involucrata Extract), common marigold (Calendula officinalis Flower Extract), peony (Paeonia lactiflora Root Extract) and green tea (Camellia sinensis Leaf Extract), or wherein the radical scavenger is a mixture of Scutellaria (Scutellaria lateriflora Root Extract), Salvia (Salvia miltiorrhiza Root Extract), orchid (Bletilla striata Root Extract) and green tea (Camellia sinensis Leaf Extract). 76. The composition according to claim 60, being in a form of milk, gel, lotion, stick, water in oil emulsion, oil in water emulsion, or fluid emulsion. 77. A method for treating or preventing the signs of skin aging, comprising applying an effective amount of a mixture of the following substances, the respective percentages by weight being in relation to the total weight of the composition
a) one or more UVA and UVB filters at a percentage by weight from 5 to 24% b) one or more pigments, selected from the group consisting of rutile (titanium dioxide), zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide and mixtures thereof having different particle sizes in the micro and nano ranges and at a percentage by weight from 2 to 30%. c) one or more cooling agents at a percentage by weight from 0.1 to 20%, or from 0.1 to 5% d) one or more radical scavengers, selected from the group consisting of plants, plant extracts, vitamins, amino acids, flavonoids, carotinoids, a-hydroxy acids and mixtures thereof, at a percentage by weight from 0.05 to 48%, or from 0.1% to 5% and e) a residual percentage up to 100 wt % of cosmetic carriers, excipients, active substances and mixtures thereof for protecting the skin of people of skin phototypes IV and V. 78. A method for protecting any phototype of skin, from radiation from the UV, IR and visible ranges of radiation,
with a light protection and sun screen composition comprising a mixture of the following substances, with percentages of weight in relation to the total weight of the composition a) one or more UVA and UVB filters at a percentage by weight from 5 to 24% b) one or more pigments, selected from the group consisting of rutile (titanium dioxide), zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide and mixtures thereof having different particle sizes in the micro and nano ranges and at a percentage by weight from 2 to 30%, c) one or more cooling agents at a percentage by weight from 0.1 to 20%, or from 0.1 to 5%, d) one or more radical scavengers, selected from the group consisting of plants, plant extracts, vitamins, amino acids, flavonoids, carotinoids, a-hydroxy acids and mixtures thereof, at a percentage by weight from 0.05 to 48%, or from 0.1% to 5%, and e) a residual percentage up to 100 wt % of cosmetic carriers, excipients, active substances and mixtures thereof. 79. The method according to claim 78, wherein the skin is a dark type skin, or a skin of phototype IV or V. | The present invention relates to cosmetic compositions having antioxidant properties and suitable for any type of skin.1-59. (canceled) 60. A composition having antioxidant and visible and near infra-red light protection properties comprising or consisting in a mixture of the following substances, the respective percentages by weight being in relation to the total weight of the composition
a) one or more UVA and UVB filters at a percentage by weight from 5 to 24% b) one or more pigments, selected from the group consisting of rutile (titanium dioxide), zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide and mixtures thereof having different particle sizes in the micro and nano ranges and at a percentage by weight from 2 to 30%, c) one or more cooling agents at a percentage by weight from 0.1 to 20%, d) one or more radical scavengers, selected from the group consisting of plants, plant extracts, vitamins, amino acids, flavonoids, carotinoids, α-hydroxy acids and mixtures thereof, at a percentage by weight from 0.1 to 48%, or from 0.1 to 5%, and e) a residual percentage up to 100 wt % of cosmetic carriers, excipients, active substances and mixtures thereof. 61. The composition according claim 60, which is a cosmetic light protection and sunscreen composition. 62. The composition according to claim 60, which is an anti-aging composition. 63. The composition according to claim 60, which is an anti-dark spot composition. 64. The composition according to claim 60, which is a whitening composition. 65. The composition according to claim 60, comprising or consisting in a mixture of the following substances, the respective percentages by weight being in relation to the total weight of the composition
a) one or more UVA and UVB filters at a percentage by weight of 14.5% b) one or more pigments, selected from the group consisting of rutile (titanium dioxide), zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide and mixtures thereof having different particle sizes in the micro and nano ranges and at a percentage by weight from 2 to 30%, c) one or more cooling agents at a percentage by weight from 0.1 to 20%, d) one or more radical scavengers, selected from the group consisting of plants, plant extracts, vitamins, amino acids, flavonoids, carotinoids, α-hydroxy acids and mixtures thereof, at a percentage by weight from 0.1 to 5%, and e) a residual percentage up to 100 wt % of cosmetic carriers, excipients, active substances and mixtures thereof, or comprising or consisting in a mixture of the following substances, the respective percentages by weight being in relation to the total weight of the composition a) one or more UVA and UVB filters at a percentage by weight from 5 to 24% b) one or more pigments, selected from the group consisting of rutile (titanium dioxide), zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide and mixtures thereof having different particle sizes in the micro and nano ranges and at a percentage by weight of 10.5%, c) one or more cooling agents at a percentage by weight from 0.1 to 20%, d) one or more radical scavengers, selected from the group consisting of plants, plant extracts, vitamins, amino acids, flavonoids, carotinoids, α-hydroxy acids and mixtures thereof, at a percentage by weight from 0.1 to 5%, and e) a residual percentage up to 100 wt % of cosmetic carriers, excipients, active substances and mixtures thereof. 66. The composition, according claim 60, in association with another anti-aging agent, or with a whitening agent, or with another anti-aging agent and a whitening agent. 67. The composition according to claim 60, wherein the UV filters are Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine, Drometrizole Trisiloxane, Terephthalylidene Dicamphor Sulfonic Acid, Ethylhexyl Triazone, Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane, Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl Hexyl Benzoate, Diethylhexyl Butamido Triazone, Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid, Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate, Ethylhexyl Salicylate, Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol, Octocrylene, Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid, or mixtures thereof,
or wherein the UV filters are a mixture of Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate, Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl Hexyl Benzoate, Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine, Octocrylene and Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid. 68. The composition according to claim 60, wherein the pigment is a mixture of TiO2 and ZnO, each with smaller and larger particle sizes, wherein in weight 2 to 5 parts of TiO2 and 1 to 2 parts of ZnO are present, each with particle sizes from 100 to 500 μm, and 12 to 24 parts of TiO2 and 8 to 10 parts of ZnO are present, each with particle sizes from 10 to 600 nm. 69. The composition according to claim 60, wherein the pigment is a mixture of nanometer-size particles and micrometer-size particles in a weight ratio of the nanoparticles to the microparticles from 5:1 to 8:1,
or wherein the smaller particle size is within the range from 10 to 300 nm and the larger particle size is within the range from 100 to 250 μm. 70. The composition, according to claim 60, wherein the pigment is a mixture containing at least nanoparticles. 71. The composition according to claim 60, wherein the cooling agent is selected from the group consisting of L-Menthone Glycerol Ketal, DL-Menthone Glycerol Ketal, mixtures of the two, N-Ethyl-p-Menthane-3-Carboxamide, Menthol, Isopulegol, Monomenthyl Glutarate, 3-L-Menthoxypropane-1,2-Diol, Ethoxycarbonylmethyl-3-p-Menthane Carboxamide, essential oils of camphor, mint, lavender and mixtures thereof. 72. The composition according to claim 60, wherein the radical scavenger, either on its own or in a mixture of scavengers, has a radical protection factor of 40 to 100,000. 73. The composition according to claim 60, having a radical protection factor of 20 to 4,000. 74. The composition according to claim 60, having a sun protection factor higher than 40, or of 40 to 50+. 75. The composition according to claim 60, wherein the radical scavenger is selected from the group consisting of roseroot (Rhodiola sacra Root Extract or Rhodiola Rosea extract), Job's tear (Coix lacryma-Jobi Seed Extract), orchid (Dendrobium nobile Lindl Flower Extract), Saussurea (Saussurea involucrata Extract), common marigold (Calendula officinalis Flower Extract), peony (Paeonia lactiflora Root Extract), Scutellaria (Scutellaria lateriflora Root Extract or Scutellaria baicalensis Extract), Salvia (Salvia miltiorrhiza Root Extract), orchid (Bletilla striata Root Extract), green tea (Camellia sinensis Leaf Extract), leucojum (Leucojum aestivum bulb extract), astragalus (Astragalus membranaceus root extract), saposhnikovia (Saposhnikovia divaricata root extract), albizia (Albizia julibrissin flower extract), gastrodia (Gastrodia elata root extract), Magnolia seiboldii extract, tocopheryl acetate and mixtures thereof,
or wherein the radical scavenger is a mixture of roseroot (Rhodiola sacra Root Extract), Job's tear (Coix Lacryma-Jobi Seed Extract), orchid (Dendrobium nobile Lindl Flower Extract) and green tea (Camellia sinensis Leaf Extract), or wherein the radical scavenger is a mixture of Saussurea (Saussurea involucrata Extract), common marigold (Calendula officinalis Flower Extract), peony (Paeonia lactiflora Root Extract) and green tea (Camellia sinensis Leaf Extract), or wherein the radical scavenger is a mixture of Scutellaria (Scutellaria lateriflora Root Extract), Salvia (Salvia miltiorrhiza Root Extract), orchid (Bletilla striata Root Extract) and green tea (Camellia sinensis Leaf Extract). 76. The composition according to claim 60, being in a form of milk, gel, lotion, stick, water in oil emulsion, oil in water emulsion, or fluid emulsion. 77. A method for treating or preventing the signs of skin aging, comprising applying an effective amount of a mixture of the following substances, the respective percentages by weight being in relation to the total weight of the composition
a) one or more UVA and UVB filters at a percentage by weight from 5 to 24% b) one or more pigments, selected from the group consisting of rutile (titanium dioxide), zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide and mixtures thereof having different particle sizes in the micro and nano ranges and at a percentage by weight from 2 to 30%. c) one or more cooling agents at a percentage by weight from 0.1 to 20%, or from 0.1 to 5% d) one or more radical scavengers, selected from the group consisting of plants, plant extracts, vitamins, amino acids, flavonoids, carotinoids, a-hydroxy acids and mixtures thereof, at a percentage by weight from 0.05 to 48%, or from 0.1% to 5% and e) a residual percentage up to 100 wt % of cosmetic carriers, excipients, active substances and mixtures thereof for protecting the skin of people of skin phototypes IV and V. 78. A method for protecting any phototype of skin, from radiation from the UV, IR and visible ranges of radiation,
with a light protection and sun screen composition comprising a mixture of the following substances, with percentages of weight in relation to the total weight of the composition a) one or more UVA and UVB filters at a percentage by weight from 5 to 24% b) one or more pigments, selected from the group consisting of rutile (titanium dioxide), zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, zirconium oxide, aluminium oxide and mixtures thereof having different particle sizes in the micro and nano ranges and at a percentage by weight from 2 to 30%, c) one or more cooling agents at a percentage by weight from 0.1 to 20%, or from 0.1 to 5%, d) one or more radical scavengers, selected from the group consisting of plants, plant extracts, vitamins, amino acids, flavonoids, carotinoids, a-hydroxy acids and mixtures thereof, at a percentage by weight from 0.05 to 48%, or from 0.1% to 5%, and e) a residual percentage up to 100 wt % of cosmetic carriers, excipients, active substances and mixtures thereof. 79. The method according to claim 78, wherein the skin is a dark type skin, or a skin of phototype IV or V. | 2,800 |
345,135 | 16,643,011 | 2,855 | The present disclosure is related to crystalline forms of ozanimod hydrochloride, as well as preparation method thereof. The crystalline form of ozanimod hydrochloride provided by the present disclosure can be used for treating autoimmune diseases, particularly multiple sclerosis and ulcerative colitis. The crystalline form of the present disclosure has advantages in at least one aspect of solubility, melting point, stability, dissolution, bioavailability and processability and provides a new and better choice for the preparation of drug product containing ozanimod, and has significant value for drug development. | 1. A crystalline form CS2 of ozanimod hydrochloride, wherein the X-ray powder diffraction pattern shows characteristic peaks at 2theta values of 19.7°±0.2°, 7.8°±0.2°, 14.4°±0.2° and 18.8°±0.2° using Cu-Kα radiation. 2. The crystalline form CS2 of ozanimod hydrochloride according to claim 1, wherein the X-ray powder diffraction pattern shows one or two or three characteristic peaks at 2theta values of 4.0°±0.2°, 15.1°±0.2° and 20.6°±0.2° using Cu-α radiation. 3. The crystalline form CS2 of ozanimod hydrochloride according to claim 1, wherein the X-ray powder diffraction pattern shows one or two characteristic peaks at 2theta values of 13.9°±0.2° and 12.7°±0.2° using Cu-Kα radiation. 4. A process for preparing the crystalline form CS2 of ozanimod hydrochloride according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises: dissolving ozanimod hydrochloride into a solvent mixture of ethers and water, then evaporating slowly to obtain crystalline form CS2. 5. The process according to claim 4, wherein said ether is tetrahydrofuran, said volume ratio of tetrahydrofuran and water is 19:1. 6. A pharmaceutical composition, wherein said pharmaceutical composition comprises a therapeutically effective amount of the crystalline form CS2 of ozanimod hydrochloride according to claim 1 and pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents or excipients. 7. A method of selectively modulating sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the crystalline form CS2 of ozanimod hydrochloride according to claim 1. 8. A method of treating ulcerative colitis, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the crystalline form CS2 of ozanimod hydrochloride according to claim 1. 9. A method of treating multiple sclerosis, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the crystalline form CS2 of ozanimod shydrochloride according to claim 1. | The present disclosure is related to crystalline forms of ozanimod hydrochloride, as well as preparation method thereof. The crystalline form of ozanimod hydrochloride provided by the present disclosure can be used for treating autoimmune diseases, particularly multiple sclerosis and ulcerative colitis. The crystalline form of the present disclosure has advantages in at least one aspect of solubility, melting point, stability, dissolution, bioavailability and processability and provides a new and better choice for the preparation of drug product containing ozanimod, and has significant value for drug development.1. A crystalline form CS2 of ozanimod hydrochloride, wherein the X-ray powder diffraction pattern shows characteristic peaks at 2theta values of 19.7°±0.2°, 7.8°±0.2°, 14.4°±0.2° and 18.8°±0.2° using Cu-Kα radiation. 2. The crystalline form CS2 of ozanimod hydrochloride according to claim 1, wherein the X-ray powder diffraction pattern shows one or two or three characteristic peaks at 2theta values of 4.0°±0.2°, 15.1°±0.2° and 20.6°±0.2° using Cu-α radiation. 3. The crystalline form CS2 of ozanimod hydrochloride according to claim 1, wherein the X-ray powder diffraction pattern shows one or two characteristic peaks at 2theta values of 13.9°±0.2° and 12.7°±0.2° using Cu-Kα radiation. 4. A process for preparing the crystalline form CS2 of ozanimod hydrochloride according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises: dissolving ozanimod hydrochloride into a solvent mixture of ethers and water, then evaporating slowly to obtain crystalline form CS2. 5. The process according to claim 4, wherein said ether is tetrahydrofuran, said volume ratio of tetrahydrofuran and water is 19:1. 6. A pharmaceutical composition, wherein said pharmaceutical composition comprises a therapeutically effective amount of the crystalline form CS2 of ozanimod hydrochloride according to claim 1 and pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents or excipients. 7. A method of selectively modulating sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the crystalline form CS2 of ozanimod hydrochloride according to claim 1. 8. A method of treating ulcerative colitis, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the crystalline form CS2 of ozanimod hydrochloride according to claim 1. 9. A method of treating multiple sclerosis, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the crystalline form CS2 of ozanimod shydrochloride according to claim 1. | 2,800 |
345,136 | 16,643,026 | 2,855 | The present disclosure relates to compounds of Formula (I)-(V) as compounds capable of emitting delayed fluorescence and uses of these compounds in organic light-emitting diodes. | 1. A compound of Formula: 2-8. (canceled) 9. The compound of claim 1, wherein A1 is selected from 10-11. (canceled) 12. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1 is A1. 13. The compound of claim 1, wherein R2 is A1. 14. The compound of claim 1, wherein R3 is A1. 15. The compound of claim 1, wherein when R2 is A1, at least one instance of R1 and R3 is not H;
when R3 is A1, at least one instance of R2 and R4 is not H; or four of R1, R2, R3, R4, or R5 are not H. 16-17. (canceled) 18. The compound of claim 15, wherein none of R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are H. 19. The compound of claim 1, wherein D1 is 20-21. (canceled) 22. The compound of claim 1, wherein LD is a single bond. 23. The compound of claim 1, wherein LA is a substituted or unsubstituted arylene. 24. The compound of claim 1, wherein Ar1 is independently selected from 25. The compound of claim 1, wherein Ar1 is independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted biphenylenyl, and substituted or unsubstituted terphenylenyl. 26. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is selected from 27-30. (canceled) 31. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is selected from 32-38. (canceled) 39. An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) comprising the compound according to claim 1. 40. An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) comprising an anode, a cathode, and at least one organic layer comprising a light-emitting layer between the anode and the cathode, wherein the light-emitting layer comprises:
a host material; and the compound of claim 1. 41-44. (canceled) 45. A screen or a display comprising the compound of claim 1. 46. A method of manufacturing an OLED display, the method comprising:
forming a barrier layer on a base substrate of a mother panel; forming a plurality of display units in units of cell panels on the barrier layer; forming an encapsulation layer on each of the display units of the cell panels; and applying an organic film to an interface portion between the cell panels; wherein the organic film comprises a compound of claim 1. | The present disclosure relates to compounds of Formula (I)-(V) as compounds capable of emitting delayed fluorescence and uses of these compounds in organic light-emitting diodes.1. A compound of Formula: 2-8. (canceled) 9. The compound of claim 1, wherein A1 is selected from 10-11. (canceled) 12. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1 is A1. 13. The compound of claim 1, wherein R2 is A1. 14. The compound of claim 1, wherein R3 is A1. 15. The compound of claim 1, wherein when R2 is A1, at least one instance of R1 and R3 is not H;
when R3 is A1, at least one instance of R2 and R4 is not H; or four of R1, R2, R3, R4, or R5 are not H. 16-17. (canceled) 18. The compound of claim 15, wherein none of R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are H. 19. The compound of claim 1, wherein D1 is 20-21. (canceled) 22. The compound of claim 1, wherein LD is a single bond. 23. The compound of claim 1, wherein LA is a substituted or unsubstituted arylene. 24. The compound of claim 1, wherein Ar1 is independently selected from 25. The compound of claim 1, wherein Ar1 is independently selected from substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, substituted or unsubstituted biphenylenyl, and substituted or unsubstituted terphenylenyl. 26. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is selected from 27-30. (canceled) 31. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is selected from 32-38. (canceled) 39. An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) comprising the compound according to claim 1. 40. An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) comprising an anode, a cathode, and at least one organic layer comprising a light-emitting layer between the anode and the cathode, wherein the light-emitting layer comprises:
a host material; and the compound of claim 1. 41-44. (canceled) 45. A screen or a display comprising the compound of claim 1. 46. A method of manufacturing an OLED display, the method comprising:
forming a barrier layer on a base substrate of a mother panel; forming a plurality of display units in units of cell panels on the barrier layer; forming an encapsulation layer on each of the display units of the cell panels; and applying an organic film to an interface portion between the cell panels; wherein the organic film comprises a compound of claim 1. | 2,800 |
345,137 | 16,643,029 | 2,855 | In order to avoid that the picture signal obtained from an oven camera that is mounted at the exterior side of an oven door is disturbed by reflections, it is suggested to provide a reflection shield (40) for an oven camera (18) that is mounted at the exterior side of an oven door (30; 14) for monitoring an oven cavity (12) of a cooking oven (10), the reflection shield (40) comprising: a shield element (40) for covering a portion of the oven door (30; 14), a viewing window (46) for the camera (18); and at least one clamp (42) for clamping the reflection shield (40) to a handle (36; 16) of the oven door (30; 14). | 1. A reflection shield for an oven camera that is mounted at the exterior side of an oven door for monitoring an oven cavity of a cooking oven, the reflection shield comprising:
a shield element for covering a portion of the oven door, a viewing window for the camera, and at least one clamp for clamping the reflection shield to a handle of the oven door. 2. The reflection shield of claim 1, wherein the at least one clamp is designed adapted to be clamped between the oven door and the door handle. 3. The reflection shield of claim 2, wherein the at least one clamp, when in a released state, has a dimension measured orthogonal to an outer surface of the oven door which is larger than the a distance of the door handle from the oven door. 4. The reflection shield of claim 3, wherein the at least one clamp, is shaped such that during insertion of the clamp, the clamp is biased, and in a fully mounted position is at least partially released. 5. The reflection shield according to claim 2, wherein the at least one clamp has an abutment surface with which the clamp rests against the door handle, wherein the abutment surface is shaped to be complementary to the a cross-sectional shape of the door handle. 6. The reflection shield according to claim 2, said at least one clamp comprising two clamps between which there is located the viewing window. 7. The reflection shield according to claim 1, wherein said reflection shield is formed as a single piece component. 8. A camera assembly to be mounted at an exterior side of an oven door for monitoring an oven cavity of a cooking oven, the assembly comprising:
a camera having mounting means for mounting the camera at a door handle located at the exterior side of the oven door; and the reflection shield according to claim 1. 9. The camera assembly of claim 8, wherein the mounting means comprises at least one fixation for attaching the camera at the door handle. 10. The camera assembly of claim 8, wherein the mounting means comprises a door handle having a recess in which there is mounted the camera. 11. The camera assembly of claim 10, wherein the door handle is an elongate hollow element having an aperture in which there is mounted the camera. 12. The camera assembly of claim 11, wherein the door handle comprises at least two support elements for mounting the handle to the oven door wherein at least one of the two support elements comprises a wire feed-through for the passage of wires for connection of the camera. 13. A cooking oven comprising:
an oven cavity; an oven door having a viewing window; a door handle mounted at the an exterior side of the over door; and the camera assembly according to claim 7 attached to the door handle. 14. The cooking oven of claim 13 further comprising at least one of:
display means for displaying pictures obtained by the camera;
control means coupled to the camera for controlling oven functions in dependency of picture data received from the camera; and
transmission means for transmitting picture data to a remote display means, such as a remote computer, a tablet or a mobile phone. 15. A cooking oven comprising A cooking oven comprising:
an oven cavity; an oven door having a viewing window; a door handle mounted at an exterior side of the over door; a camera installed at said handle and directed downwardly askew toward said window and adapted to obtain images of cooking foodstuffs within said oven cavity through said window; and a reflection-shield assembly adapted to be installed between said door handle and said window to reduce reflections that may obscure images of said foodstuffs obtained by said camera, the reflection-shield assembly comprising a substantially flat shield portion and a pair of clamps located at opposing lateral ends of said assembly; each said clamp comprising:
an abutment surface whose contour is complementary to a cross-sectional shape of said handle at a location where the clamp abuts the handle when installed,
an upper corner of, or a projection from, said abutment surface adapted to provide a snap-fit connection of said assembly relative to said door handle when installed, and
an engagement section at a lower free end of said abutment section adapted to be engaged and pushed by a user to deflect said abutment surface away from said handle in order to disengage said snap-fit connection and thus permit removal of said assembly from said door handle when installed; 16. A reflection-shield assembly adapted to be installed between a door handle and a window of an oven door, comprising a housing portion, a substantially flat shield portion, and a pair of clamps located at opposing lateral ends of said housing portion;
each said clamp comprising:
an abutment surface whose contour is complementary to a cross-sectional shape of said handle at a location where the clamp is to abut the handle when installed,
an upper corner of, or a projection from, said abutment surface adapted to provide a snap-fit connection of said assembly relative to said door handle when installed, and
an engagement section at a lower free end of said abutment section adapted to be engaged and pushed by a user to deflect said abutment surface away from said handle in order to disengage said snap-fit connection and thus permit removal of said assembly from said door handle when installed; 17. The reflection-shield assembly of claim 16, said substantially flat shield portion adapted to rest against said window of said door when installed; said upper corner of said abutment surface of each said clamp being adapted such that as said upper corner is urged upon installation of said clamp assembly beyond a point of minimum distance between said handle and said window, said corner is partially released from compression therebetween against its bias, and snaps over said handle to hold said clamp in place. | In order to avoid that the picture signal obtained from an oven camera that is mounted at the exterior side of an oven door is disturbed by reflections, it is suggested to provide a reflection shield (40) for an oven camera (18) that is mounted at the exterior side of an oven door (30; 14) for monitoring an oven cavity (12) of a cooking oven (10), the reflection shield (40) comprising: a shield element (40) for covering a portion of the oven door (30; 14), a viewing window (46) for the camera (18); and at least one clamp (42) for clamping the reflection shield (40) to a handle (36; 16) of the oven door (30; 14).1. A reflection shield for an oven camera that is mounted at the exterior side of an oven door for monitoring an oven cavity of a cooking oven, the reflection shield comprising:
a shield element for covering a portion of the oven door, a viewing window for the camera, and at least one clamp for clamping the reflection shield to a handle of the oven door. 2. The reflection shield of claim 1, wherein the at least one clamp is designed adapted to be clamped between the oven door and the door handle. 3. The reflection shield of claim 2, wherein the at least one clamp, when in a released state, has a dimension measured orthogonal to an outer surface of the oven door which is larger than the a distance of the door handle from the oven door. 4. The reflection shield of claim 3, wherein the at least one clamp, is shaped such that during insertion of the clamp, the clamp is biased, and in a fully mounted position is at least partially released. 5. The reflection shield according to claim 2, wherein the at least one clamp has an abutment surface with which the clamp rests against the door handle, wherein the abutment surface is shaped to be complementary to the a cross-sectional shape of the door handle. 6. The reflection shield according to claim 2, said at least one clamp comprising two clamps between which there is located the viewing window. 7. The reflection shield according to claim 1, wherein said reflection shield is formed as a single piece component. 8. A camera assembly to be mounted at an exterior side of an oven door for monitoring an oven cavity of a cooking oven, the assembly comprising:
a camera having mounting means for mounting the camera at a door handle located at the exterior side of the oven door; and the reflection shield according to claim 1. 9. The camera assembly of claim 8, wherein the mounting means comprises at least one fixation for attaching the camera at the door handle. 10. The camera assembly of claim 8, wherein the mounting means comprises a door handle having a recess in which there is mounted the camera. 11. The camera assembly of claim 10, wherein the door handle is an elongate hollow element having an aperture in which there is mounted the camera. 12. The camera assembly of claim 11, wherein the door handle comprises at least two support elements for mounting the handle to the oven door wherein at least one of the two support elements comprises a wire feed-through for the passage of wires for connection of the camera. 13. A cooking oven comprising:
an oven cavity; an oven door having a viewing window; a door handle mounted at the an exterior side of the over door; and the camera assembly according to claim 7 attached to the door handle. 14. The cooking oven of claim 13 further comprising at least one of:
display means for displaying pictures obtained by the camera;
control means coupled to the camera for controlling oven functions in dependency of picture data received from the camera; and
transmission means for transmitting picture data to a remote display means, such as a remote computer, a tablet or a mobile phone. 15. A cooking oven comprising A cooking oven comprising:
an oven cavity; an oven door having a viewing window; a door handle mounted at an exterior side of the over door; a camera installed at said handle and directed downwardly askew toward said window and adapted to obtain images of cooking foodstuffs within said oven cavity through said window; and a reflection-shield assembly adapted to be installed between said door handle and said window to reduce reflections that may obscure images of said foodstuffs obtained by said camera, the reflection-shield assembly comprising a substantially flat shield portion and a pair of clamps located at opposing lateral ends of said assembly; each said clamp comprising:
an abutment surface whose contour is complementary to a cross-sectional shape of said handle at a location where the clamp abuts the handle when installed,
an upper corner of, or a projection from, said abutment surface adapted to provide a snap-fit connection of said assembly relative to said door handle when installed, and
an engagement section at a lower free end of said abutment section adapted to be engaged and pushed by a user to deflect said abutment surface away from said handle in order to disengage said snap-fit connection and thus permit removal of said assembly from said door handle when installed; 16. A reflection-shield assembly adapted to be installed between a door handle and a window of an oven door, comprising a housing portion, a substantially flat shield portion, and a pair of clamps located at opposing lateral ends of said housing portion;
each said clamp comprising:
an abutment surface whose contour is complementary to a cross-sectional shape of said handle at a location where the clamp is to abut the handle when installed,
an upper corner of, or a projection from, said abutment surface adapted to provide a snap-fit connection of said assembly relative to said door handle when installed, and
an engagement section at a lower free end of said abutment section adapted to be engaged and pushed by a user to deflect said abutment surface away from said handle in order to disengage said snap-fit connection and thus permit removal of said assembly from said door handle when installed; 17. The reflection-shield assembly of claim 16, said substantially flat shield portion adapted to rest against said window of said door when installed; said upper corner of said abutment surface of each said clamp being adapted such that as said upper corner is urged upon installation of said clamp assembly beyond a point of minimum distance between said handle and said window, said corner is partially released from compression therebetween against its bias, and snaps over said handle to hold said clamp in place. | 2,800 |
345,138 | 16,643,034 | 1,762 | The present application relates to a novel method of large scale continuous roll-to-roll fabrication of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) coatings with controlled anisotropy, and the cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) coated flexible substrate prepared with the novel method. An unexpectedly high order parameter of 0.78 is observed when in CNC-PVA composite at 70% CNC loading. | 1. A method of continuous roll-to-roll coating of a flexible substrate with at least one cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) layer, wherein the method comprises:
a) providing a substantially homogeneous aqueous suspension of CNC, wherein the aqueous suspension comprises 4-20 wt % of CNC and 80-96 wt % of water; b) providing a roll-to-roll coating device that continuously feeds the flexible substrate; c) treating the surface of the flexible substrate to ensure that the flexible substrate has a surface energy value equal or higher than the surface tension of the aqueous suspension of CNC; and d) transferring the aqueous suspension of CNC to the surface of the flexible substrate to create a CNC wetted region and continuously passing the wetted region to a drying unit of the roll-to-roll coating device to provide substantially dried CNC coated flexible substrate, wherein the drying temperature is between 60-100° C. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the aqueous suspension comprises 6-12 wt % of CNC and 88-94 wt % of water. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the drying temperature is between 65-85° C. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the roll-to-roll coating device is micro gravure roll-to-roll coating device. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the CNC coated flexible substrate comprises anisotropic coating with order parameter of at least 0.2. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the CNC coated flexible substrate comprises anisotropic coating with order parameter of 0.2-0.95. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the flexible substrate is a polyester polymer. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the aqueous suspension further comprises a water soluble organic polymeric material, a water dispersible inorganic polymeric material, a plasticizer, or any combination thereof. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the water soluble organic polymeric material is poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of CNC to water soluble organic polymeric material or a water dispersible inorganic polymeric material is at least more than 1.0. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the weight ratio of CNC to PVA is about 7:3. 12. A CNC coated flexible substrate, wherein the CNC coated flexible substrate is made by the method of claim 1. 13. The CNC coated flexible substrate of claim 12, wherein the coating provides an order parameter of 0.2-0.95. 14. The CNC coated flexible substrate of claim 13, wherein the coating provides an order parameter of 0.6-0.95. 15. The CNC coated flexible substrate of claim 12, wherein the thickness of one CNC coated layer is 1 μm-10 μm. 16. The CNC coated flexible substrate of claim 12, wherein the CNC coated flexible substrate comprises a substantially transparent CNC-containing coating. 17. A CNC coated flexible substrate comprising a CNC-containing coating and a flexible substrate, wherein the CNC-containing coating provides an order parameter of 0.6-0.95. 18. The CNC coated flexible substrate of claim 17, therein the CNC-containing coating further comprises a water soluble organic polymeric material or a water dispersible inorganic polymeric material. 19. The CNC coated flexible substrate of claim 18, wherein the water soluble organic polymeric material comprises PVA. 20. The CNC coated flexible substrate of claim 19, wherein the CNC-containing coating provides an order parameter of 0.7-0.95. | The present application relates to a novel method of large scale continuous roll-to-roll fabrication of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) coatings with controlled anisotropy, and the cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) coated flexible substrate prepared with the novel method. An unexpectedly high order parameter of 0.78 is observed when in CNC-PVA composite at 70% CNC loading.1. A method of continuous roll-to-roll coating of a flexible substrate with at least one cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) layer, wherein the method comprises:
a) providing a substantially homogeneous aqueous suspension of CNC, wherein the aqueous suspension comprises 4-20 wt % of CNC and 80-96 wt % of water; b) providing a roll-to-roll coating device that continuously feeds the flexible substrate; c) treating the surface of the flexible substrate to ensure that the flexible substrate has a surface energy value equal or higher than the surface tension of the aqueous suspension of CNC; and d) transferring the aqueous suspension of CNC to the surface of the flexible substrate to create a CNC wetted region and continuously passing the wetted region to a drying unit of the roll-to-roll coating device to provide substantially dried CNC coated flexible substrate, wherein the drying temperature is between 60-100° C. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the aqueous suspension comprises 6-12 wt % of CNC and 88-94 wt % of water. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the drying temperature is between 65-85° C. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the roll-to-roll coating device is micro gravure roll-to-roll coating device. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the CNC coated flexible substrate comprises anisotropic coating with order parameter of at least 0.2. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the CNC coated flexible substrate comprises anisotropic coating with order parameter of 0.2-0.95. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the flexible substrate is a polyester polymer. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the aqueous suspension further comprises a water soluble organic polymeric material, a water dispersible inorganic polymeric material, a plasticizer, or any combination thereof. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the water soluble organic polymeric material is poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of CNC to water soluble organic polymeric material or a water dispersible inorganic polymeric material is at least more than 1.0. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the weight ratio of CNC to PVA is about 7:3. 12. A CNC coated flexible substrate, wherein the CNC coated flexible substrate is made by the method of claim 1. 13. The CNC coated flexible substrate of claim 12, wherein the coating provides an order parameter of 0.2-0.95. 14. The CNC coated flexible substrate of claim 13, wherein the coating provides an order parameter of 0.6-0.95. 15. The CNC coated flexible substrate of claim 12, wherein the thickness of one CNC coated layer is 1 μm-10 μm. 16. The CNC coated flexible substrate of claim 12, wherein the CNC coated flexible substrate comprises a substantially transparent CNC-containing coating. 17. A CNC coated flexible substrate comprising a CNC-containing coating and a flexible substrate, wherein the CNC-containing coating provides an order parameter of 0.6-0.95. 18. The CNC coated flexible substrate of claim 17, therein the CNC-containing coating further comprises a water soluble organic polymeric material or a water dispersible inorganic polymeric material. 19. The CNC coated flexible substrate of claim 18, wherein the water soluble organic polymeric material comprises PVA. 20. The CNC coated flexible substrate of claim 19, wherein the CNC-containing coating provides an order parameter of 0.7-0.95. | 1,700 |
345,139 | 16,643,033 | 1,762 | A method and device for modifying a film deposition position in a film deposition process with a mask component are disclosed. The mask component includes a mask frame and a mask body fixed to the mask frame. The method includes obtaining a first offset displacement between a plurality of second mark points on the mask component and a plurality of first mark points on the mask body, obtaining a second offset displacement between the plurality of third mark points on the substrate and the plurality of second mark points on the mask component, determining an actual offset displacement between an actual forming position and a preset forming position of the film, according to the first offset displacement and the second offset displacement, and modifying the preset forming position of the film, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film. | 1. A method for modifying a film deposition position in a film deposition process with a mask component, wherein the mask component comprises a mask frame and a mask body fixed to the mask frame, the method comprising:
obtaining a first offset displacement between a plurality of second mark points on the mask component and a plurality of first mark points on the mask body; obtaining a second offset displacement between a plurality of third mark points on a substrate and the plurality of second mark points on the mask component, wherein the plurality of third mark points are formed by the plurality of second mark points on the substrate when a film is evaporated on the substrate with the mask component; determining an actual offset displacement between an actual forming position and a preset forming position of the film, according to the first offset displacement and the second offset displacement; and modifying the preset forming position of the film, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the first offset displacement between the plurality of second mark points on the mask component and the plurality of first mark points on the mask body comprises:
obtaining first coordinates of the plurality of first mark points on the mask body; measuring second coordinates of the plurality of second mark points on the mask component; and subtracting the first coordinates from the second coordinates, to obtain the first offset displacement between the plurality of second mark points on the mask component and the plurality of first mark points on mask body. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of obtaining the second offset displacement between the plurality of third mark points on the substrate and the plurality of second mark points on the mask component comprises:
measuring third coordinates of the plurality of third mark points on the substrate; and subtracting the second coordinates from the third coordinates, to obtain the second offset displacement between the plurality of third mark points on the substrate and the plurality of second mark points on the mask component. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film, according to the first offset displacement and the second offset displacement, comprises:
adding the first offset displacement to the second offset displacement, to obtain an actual offset displacement of the plurality of third mark points; for a first target mark point and a second target mark point of the plurality of third mark points, dividing a difference value between the actual offset displacement of the second target mark point and the first target mark point by a number of actual forming positions of the film between the first target mark point and the second target mark point to obtain a first ratio; and for an Mth actual forming position of the film between the first target mark point and the second target mark point, adding a product of M and the first ratio to actual offset displacement of the first target mark point, to obtain the Mth actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film, M being a positive integer greater than 0. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of modifying the preset forming position of the film, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film, comprises:
when the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film lies is in a compensable range, modifying the preset forming position of the film, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film; and when the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film is not in the compensable range, and a difference value from a maximum compensation displacement corresponding to the compensable range is less than or equal to a threshold, modifying the preset forming position of the film, according to the maximum compensation displacement. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the modifying the preset forming position of the film, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film, comprises:
determining an offset displacement of a pixel definition layer, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film, wherein the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film have a same corresponding distance and a same direction as the offset displacement of the pixel definition layer, and wherein the step of modifying the preset forming position of the film according to the maximum compensation displacement comprises: determining the offset displacement of the pixel definition layer, according to the maximum compensation displacement, wherein the maximum compensation displacement has a same corresponding distance and a same direction as the offset displacement of the pixel definition layer. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the modifying the preset forming position of the film, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film, comprises:
determining an offset displacement of corresponding opening regions on the mask component, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film, wherein the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film and the offset displacement of corresponding opening regions on the mask component have a same corresponding distance but opposite direction, and wherein the modifying the preset forming position of the film according to the maximum compensation displacement comprises: determining the offset displacement of corresponding opening regions on the mask component according to the maximum compensation displacement, wherein the maximum compensation displacement and the offset displacement of corresponding opening regions on the mask component have a same corresponding distance but opposite direction. 8. A device for modifying film deposition position in a film deposition process with a mask component, wherein the mask component comprises a mask frame and a mask body fixed to the mask frame, the device comprising:
a first offset displacement obtain module obtainer, configured to obtain a first offset displacement between a plurality of second mark points on the mask component and a plurality of first mark points on the mask body; a second offset displacement obtainer, configured to obtain a second offset displacement between a plurality of third mark points on a substrate and the plurality of second mark points on the mask component, wherein the plurality of third mark points are formed on the substrate by the plurality of second mark points when a film is evaporated on the substrate with the mask component; an actual offset displacement determiner, configured to determine an actual offset displacement between an actual forming position and a preset forming position of the film, according to the first offset displacement and the second offset displacement; and a forming position modifier, configured to modify the preset forming position of the film, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film. 9. The device of claim 8, wherein the first offset displacement obtainer comprises:
a first coordinate sub-obtainer, configured to obtain first coordinates of the plurality of first mark points on the mask body; a second coordinate sub-measurer, configured to measure second coordinates of the plurality of second mark points on the mask component; and a first offset displacement sub-calculator, configured to subtract the first coordinates from the second coordinates, to obtain the first offset displacement between the plurality of second mark points on the mask component and the plurality of first mark points on mask body. 10. The device of claim 9, wherein the second offset displacement obtainer comprises:
a third coordinate sub-measurer, configured to measure third coordinates of the plurality of third mark points on the substrate; and a second offset displacement sub-calculator, configured to subtract the second coordinates from the third coordinates, to obtain the second offset displacement between the plurality of third mark points on the substrate and the plurality of second mark points on the mask component. 11. The device of claim 8, wherein the actual offset displacement determiner comprises:
a first actual offset displacement sub-calculator, configured to add the first offset displacement to the second offset displacement, to obtain an actual offset displacement of the plurality of third mark points; a first ratio sub-calculator, configured to, for a first target mark point and a second target mark point of the plurality of third mark points, divide a difference value between the actual offset displacement of the second target mark point and the first target mark point by a number of actual forming positions of the film between the first target mark point and the second target mark point to obtain a first ratio; and a second actual offset displacement sub-calculator, configured to, for an Mth actual forming position of the film between the first target mark point and the second target mark point, add a product of M and the first ratio to actual offset displacement of the first target mark point, to obtain an Mth actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film, M being a positive integer larger greater than 0. 12. The device of claim 8, wherein the forming position modifier comprises:
a first forming position sub-modifier, configured to, when the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film lies in a compensable range, modify the preset forming position of the film, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film; and a second forming position sub-modifier, configured to, when the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film is not in the compensable range, and a difference value from a maximum compensation displacement corresponding to the compensable range is less than or equal to a threshold, modify the preset forming position of the film, according to the maximum compensation displacement. 13. The device of claim 12, wherein the first forming position sub-modifier comprises:
a first offset displacement determiner, configured to determine an offset displacement of a pixel definition layer, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film, wherein the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film have a same corresponding distance and a same direction as the offset displacement of the pixel definition layer, and wherein the second forming position sub-modifier comprises: a second offset displacement determiner, configured to determine the offset displacement of the pixel definition layer, according to the maximum compensation displacement, wherein the maximum compensation displacement has a same corresponding distance and a same direction as the offset displacement of the pixel definition layer. 14. The device of claim 12, wherein the first forming position sub-modifier comprises:
a third offset displacement determiner, configured to determine an offset displacement of corresponding opening regions on the mask component, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film, wherein the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film and the offset displacement of corresponding opening regions on the mask component have a same corresponding distance but opposite direction, and wherein the second forming position sub-modifier comprises: a fourth offset displacement determiner, configured to determine the offset displacement of corresponding opening regions on the mask component according to the maximum compensation displacement, wherein the maximum compensation displacement and the offset displacement of corresponding opening regions on the mask component have a same corresponding distance but opposite direction. | A method and device for modifying a film deposition position in a film deposition process with a mask component are disclosed. The mask component includes a mask frame and a mask body fixed to the mask frame. The method includes obtaining a first offset displacement between a plurality of second mark points on the mask component and a plurality of first mark points on the mask body, obtaining a second offset displacement between the plurality of third mark points on the substrate and the plurality of second mark points on the mask component, determining an actual offset displacement between an actual forming position and a preset forming position of the film, according to the first offset displacement and the second offset displacement, and modifying the preset forming position of the film, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film.1. A method for modifying a film deposition position in a film deposition process with a mask component, wherein the mask component comprises a mask frame and a mask body fixed to the mask frame, the method comprising:
obtaining a first offset displacement between a plurality of second mark points on the mask component and a plurality of first mark points on the mask body; obtaining a second offset displacement between a plurality of third mark points on a substrate and the plurality of second mark points on the mask component, wherein the plurality of third mark points are formed by the plurality of second mark points on the substrate when a film is evaporated on the substrate with the mask component; determining an actual offset displacement between an actual forming position and a preset forming position of the film, according to the first offset displacement and the second offset displacement; and modifying the preset forming position of the film, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the first offset displacement between the plurality of second mark points on the mask component and the plurality of first mark points on the mask body comprises:
obtaining first coordinates of the plurality of first mark points on the mask body; measuring second coordinates of the plurality of second mark points on the mask component; and subtracting the first coordinates from the second coordinates, to obtain the first offset displacement between the plurality of second mark points on the mask component and the plurality of first mark points on mask body. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of obtaining the second offset displacement between the plurality of third mark points on the substrate and the plurality of second mark points on the mask component comprises:
measuring third coordinates of the plurality of third mark points on the substrate; and subtracting the second coordinates from the third coordinates, to obtain the second offset displacement between the plurality of third mark points on the substrate and the plurality of second mark points on the mask component. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film, according to the first offset displacement and the second offset displacement, comprises:
adding the first offset displacement to the second offset displacement, to obtain an actual offset displacement of the plurality of third mark points; for a first target mark point and a second target mark point of the plurality of third mark points, dividing a difference value between the actual offset displacement of the second target mark point and the first target mark point by a number of actual forming positions of the film between the first target mark point and the second target mark point to obtain a first ratio; and for an Mth actual forming position of the film between the first target mark point and the second target mark point, adding a product of M and the first ratio to actual offset displacement of the first target mark point, to obtain the Mth actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film, M being a positive integer greater than 0. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of modifying the preset forming position of the film, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film, comprises:
when the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film lies is in a compensable range, modifying the preset forming position of the film, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film; and when the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film is not in the compensable range, and a difference value from a maximum compensation displacement corresponding to the compensable range is less than or equal to a threshold, modifying the preset forming position of the film, according to the maximum compensation displacement. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the modifying the preset forming position of the film, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film, comprises:
determining an offset displacement of a pixel definition layer, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film, wherein the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film have a same corresponding distance and a same direction as the offset displacement of the pixel definition layer, and wherein the step of modifying the preset forming position of the film according to the maximum compensation displacement comprises: determining the offset displacement of the pixel definition layer, according to the maximum compensation displacement, wherein the maximum compensation displacement has a same corresponding distance and a same direction as the offset displacement of the pixel definition layer. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the modifying the preset forming position of the film, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film, comprises:
determining an offset displacement of corresponding opening regions on the mask component, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film, wherein the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film and the offset displacement of corresponding opening regions on the mask component have a same corresponding distance but opposite direction, and wherein the modifying the preset forming position of the film according to the maximum compensation displacement comprises: determining the offset displacement of corresponding opening regions on the mask component according to the maximum compensation displacement, wherein the maximum compensation displacement and the offset displacement of corresponding opening regions on the mask component have a same corresponding distance but opposite direction. 8. A device for modifying film deposition position in a film deposition process with a mask component, wherein the mask component comprises a mask frame and a mask body fixed to the mask frame, the device comprising:
a first offset displacement obtain module obtainer, configured to obtain a first offset displacement between a plurality of second mark points on the mask component and a plurality of first mark points on the mask body; a second offset displacement obtainer, configured to obtain a second offset displacement between a plurality of third mark points on a substrate and the plurality of second mark points on the mask component, wherein the plurality of third mark points are formed on the substrate by the plurality of second mark points when a film is evaporated on the substrate with the mask component; an actual offset displacement determiner, configured to determine an actual offset displacement between an actual forming position and a preset forming position of the film, according to the first offset displacement and the second offset displacement; and a forming position modifier, configured to modify the preset forming position of the film, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film. 9. The device of claim 8, wherein the first offset displacement obtainer comprises:
a first coordinate sub-obtainer, configured to obtain first coordinates of the plurality of first mark points on the mask body; a second coordinate sub-measurer, configured to measure second coordinates of the plurality of second mark points on the mask component; and a first offset displacement sub-calculator, configured to subtract the first coordinates from the second coordinates, to obtain the first offset displacement between the plurality of second mark points on the mask component and the plurality of first mark points on mask body. 10. The device of claim 9, wherein the second offset displacement obtainer comprises:
a third coordinate sub-measurer, configured to measure third coordinates of the plurality of third mark points on the substrate; and a second offset displacement sub-calculator, configured to subtract the second coordinates from the third coordinates, to obtain the second offset displacement between the plurality of third mark points on the substrate and the plurality of second mark points on the mask component. 11. The device of claim 8, wherein the actual offset displacement determiner comprises:
a first actual offset displacement sub-calculator, configured to add the first offset displacement to the second offset displacement, to obtain an actual offset displacement of the plurality of third mark points; a first ratio sub-calculator, configured to, for a first target mark point and a second target mark point of the plurality of third mark points, divide a difference value between the actual offset displacement of the second target mark point and the first target mark point by a number of actual forming positions of the film between the first target mark point and the second target mark point to obtain a first ratio; and a second actual offset displacement sub-calculator, configured to, for an Mth actual forming position of the film between the first target mark point and the second target mark point, add a product of M and the first ratio to actual offset displacement of the first target mark point, to obtain an Mth actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film, M being a positive integer larger greater than 0. 12. The device of claim 8, wherein the forming position modifier comprises:
a first forming position sub-modifier, configured to, when the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film lies in a compensable range, modify the preset forming position of the film, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film; and a second forming position sub-modifier, configured to, when the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film is not in the compensable range, and a difference value from a maximum compensation displacement corresponding to the compensable range is less than or equal to a threshold, modify the preset forming position of the film, according to the maximum compensation displacement. 13. The device of claim 12, wherein the first forming position sub-modifier comprises:
a first offset displacement determiner, configured to determine an offset displacement of a pixel definition layer, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film, wherein the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film have a same corresponding distance and a same direction as the offset displacement of the pixel definition layer, and wherein the second forming position sub-modifier comprises: a second offset displacement determiner, configured to determine the offset displacement of the pixel definition layer, according to the maximum compensation displacement, wherein the maximum compensation displacement has a same corresponding distance and a same direction as the offset displacement of the pixel definition layer. 14. The device of claim 12, wherein the first forming position sub-modifier comprises:
a third offset displacement determiner, configured to determine an offset displacement of corresponding opening regions on the mask component, according to the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film, wherein the actual offset displacement between the actual forming position and the preset forming position of the film and the offset displacement of corresponding opening regions on the mask component have a same corresponding distance but opposite direction, and wherein the second forming position sub-modifier comprises: a fourth offset displacement determiner, configured to determine the offset displacement of corresponding opening regions on the mask component according to the maximum compensation displacement, wherein the maximum compensation displacement and the offset displacement of corresponding opening regions on the mask component have a same corresponding distance but opposite direction. | 1,700 |
345,140 | 16,643,061 | 1,762 | Disclosed herein are devices/kits and methods for reducing, treating, preventing or eliminating post-operative adhesions in an intervention/target site within a body of a subject. The method comprises the steps of: introducing an applicator, configured for applying an anti-adhesive composition, into an intervention/target site within a body of a subject; applying the anti-adhesive composition onto the intervention/target site; and extracting the applicator from the body of the subject, wherein the method is performed during or following an interventional procedure. | 1. A method for reducing, treating, preventing or eliminating post-operative adhesions in a target site within a body of a subject, the method comprising:
introducing an applicator, configured for applying an anti-adhesive composition, to a target site within a body of a subject; applying the anti-adhesive composition onto an implanted medical device positioned in the target site, wherein said method is performed during or following an interventional medical procedure. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising applying the anti-adhesive composition to a tissue and/or an organ in the vicinity of the implanted medical device. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the medical implant comprises a surgical mesh and/or wherein the medical implant further comprises a mesh fixation element. 4. (canceled) 5. The method of claim 3, further comprising deploying and fixing the mesh in the target site prior to applying the anti-adhesive composition thereon. 6. (canceled) 7. (canceled) 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the anti-adhesive composition comprises alginate. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the alginate comprises a MW in the range of 5-50 kDa, alginate having a MW in the range of 50-400 kDa or a combination thereof. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the anti-adhesive composition further comprises a crosslinker. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the crosslinker comprises bivalent cations, the bivalent cations comprises Ca2+, Ba2+, Mg+2 or a combination thereof, wherein the Ca2+ cations originate from calcium gluconate, calcium chloride (CaCl2), or a combination thereof. 12. (canceled) 13. (canceled) 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the anti-adhesive composition comprises alginate having a MW in the range of 50-400 kDa at a concentration of about 0.7-2.0% (w/v). 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the anti-adhesive composition comprises alginate having a MW in the range of 50-400 kDa at a concentration of about 0.7-2.0% (w/v) and Ca2+ cations at a concentration of about 0.25-1% (w/v). 16. The method of claim 1, wherein the anti-adhesive composition comprises alginate having a MW in the range of 5-50 kDa at a concentration of about 1.0-5.0% (w/v). 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the anti-adhesive composition comprises alginate having a MW in the range of 5-50 kDa at a concentration of about 1.0-3.0% (w/v) and Ca2+ cations at a concentration of about 0.5-3% (w/v). 18. The method of claim 1, wherein applying the anti-adhesive composition onto the implanted medical device comprises the following steps:
a. applying a first composition comprising an anti-adhesive substance; and b. applying, onto the first composition, a second composition comprising a crosslinker; thereby, in-situ, increasing the viscosity of the first composition. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the anti-adhesive substance comprises non-crosslinked or partially crosslinked alginate and wherein the crosslinker comprises a bivalent cation. 20. A medical device for coating an intra-abdominal mesh for reducing, treating, preventing or eliminating post-operative adhesions in a target site within a body of a subject, the device comprising:
a reservoir configured for storing hydrogel composition; and an applicator fluidly connected to said reservoir and configured for introducing the hydrogel composition to the intra-abdominal mesh positioned at a target site within a body of a subject, wherein the hydrogel composition comprises non-crosslinked or partially crosslinked alginate. 21. (canceled) 22. The device of claim 20, further comprising a temperature regulator for regulating the temperature of the anti-adhesive composition within the reservoir and/or within the applicator and/or further comprising an additional reservoir comprising a crosslinker. 23. A kit for in-situ coating of an intra-abdominal mesh for reducing, treating, preventing or eliminating post-operative adhesions in a target site within a body of a subject, the kit comprising:
a first reservoir containing an anti-adhesive composition comprising hydrogel composition; and an applicator configured to be fluidly connected to said reservoir and configured for introducing the hydrogel composition to a target site within a body of a subject. 24. The kit of claim 23, further comprising a surgical mesh and/or further comprising a mesh fixation element. 25. (canceled) 26. The kit of claim 23, wherein the hydrogel comprises non-crosslinked or partially crosslinked alginate, wherein the alginate comprises partially crosslinked alginate having a MW in the range of 5-50 kDa having a Ca2+ concentration of about 0.5-2% w/v and/or alginate having a MW in the range of 50-400 kDa, partially crosslinked having a Ca2+ concentration of about 0.25-0.32% w/v. 27. (canceled) 28. The kit of claim 23, further comprising a second reservoir comprising a crosslinker. 29. (canceled) | Disclosed herein are devices/kits and methods for reducing, treating, preventing or eliminating post-operative adhesions in an intervention/target site within a body of a subject. The method comprises the steps of: introducing an applicator, configured for applying an anti-adhesive composition, into an intervention/target site within a body of a subject; applying the anti-adhesive composition onto the intervention/target site; and extracting the applicator from the body of the subject, wherein the method is performed during or following an interventional procedure.1. A method for reducing, treating, preventing or eliminating post-operative adhesions in a target site within a body of a subject, the method comprising:
introducing an applicator, configured for applying an anti-adhesive composition, to a target site within a body of a subject; applying the anti-adhesive composition onto an implanted medical device positioned in the target site, wherein said method is performed during or following an interventional medical procedure. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising applying the anti-adhesive composition to a tissue and/or an organ in the vicinity of the implanted medical device. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the medical implant comprises a surgical mesh and/or wherein the medical implant further comprises a mesh fixation element. 4. (canceled) 5. The method of claim 3, further comprising deploying and fixing the mesh in the target site prior to applying the anti-adhesive composition thereon. 6. (canceled) 7. (canceled) 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the anti-adhesive composition comprises alginate. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the alginate comprises a MW in the range of 5-50 kDa, alginate having a MW in the range of 50-400 kDa or a combination thereof. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the anti-adhesive composition further comprises a crosslinker. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the crosslinker comprises bivalent cations, the bivalent cations comprises Ca2+, Ba2+, Mg+2 or a combination thereof, wherein the Ca2+ cations originate from calcium gluconate, calcium chloride (CaCl2), or a combination thereof. 12. (canceled) 13. (canceled) 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the anti-adhesive composition comprises alginate having a MW in the range of 50-400 kDa at a concentration of about 0.7-2.0% (w/v). 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the anti-adhesive composition comprises alginate having a MW in the range of 50-400 kDa at a concentration of about 0.7-2.0% (w/v) and Ca2+ cations at a concentration of about 0.25-1% (w/v). 16. The method of claim 1, wherein the anti-adhesive composition comprises alginate having a MW in the range of 5-50 kDa at a concentration of about 1.0-5.0% (w/v). 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the anti-adhesive composition comprises alginate having a MW in the range of 5-50 kDa at a concentration of about 1.0-3.0% (w/v) and Ca2+ cations at a concentration of about 0.5-3% (w/v). 18. The method of claim 1, wherein applying the anti-adhesive composition onto the implanted medical device comprises the following steps:
a. applying a first composition comprising an anti-adhesive substance; and b. applying, onto the first composition, a second composition comprising a crosslinker; thereby, in-situ, increasing the viscosity of the first composition. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the anti-adhesive substance comprises non-crosslinked or partially crosslinked alginate and wherein the crosslinker comprises a bivalent cation. 20. A medical device for coating an intra-abdominal mesh for reducing, treating, preventing or eliminating post-operative adhesions in a target site within a body of a subject, the device comprising:
a reservoir configured for storing hydrogel composition; and an applicator fluidly connected to said reservoir and configured for introducing the hydrogel composition to the intra-abdominal mesh positioned at a target site within a body of a subject, wherein the hydrogel composition comprises non-crosslinked or partially crosslinked alginate. 21. (canceled) 22. The device of claim 20, further comprising a temperature regulator for regulating the temperature of the anti-adhesive composition within the reservoir and/or within the applicator and/or further comprising an additional reservoir comprising a crosslinker. 23. A kit for in-situ coating of an intra-abdominal mesh for reducing, treating, preventing or eliminating post-operative adhesions in a target site within a body of a subject, the kit comprising:
a first reservoir containing an anti-adhesive composition comprising hydrogel composition; and an applicator configured to be fluidly connected to said reservoir and configured for introducing the hydrogel composition to a target site within a body of a subject. 24. The kit of claim 23, further comprising a surgical mesh and/or further comprising a mesh fixation element. 25. (canceled) 26. The kit of claim 23, wherein the hydrogel comprises non-crosslinked or partially crosslinked alginate, wherein the alginate comprises partially crosslinked alginate having a MW in the range of 5-50 kDa having a Ca2+ concentration of about 0.5-2% w/v and/or alginate having a MW in the range of 50-400 kDa, partially crosslinked having a Ca2+ concentration of about 0.25-0.32% w/v. 27. (canceled) 28. The kit of claim 23, further comprising a second reservoir comprising a crosslinker. 29. (canceled) | 1,700 |
345,141 | 16,643,057 | 1,762 | Disclosed is a method for determining at least one fitting parameter of an optical equipment configured to equip a user, the method including: providing an imaging device; taking a plurality of images of the user equipped with the optical equipment when the user takes successively at least two distinct positions; among the at least two distinct positions, identifying at least one period when the user is in a favorable position to determine the at least one fitting parameter, wherein the at least one period is manually identified by an operator; recording the at least one identified period and at least one image taken during the at least one identified period; determining the fitting parameter on the basis of the at least one recorded image. | 1. Method for determining (100) at least one fitting parameter of an optical equipment configured to equip a user (10), the method comprising:
providing an imaging device (16); taking (110) a plurality of images of the user (10) equipped with the optical equipment when the user takes successively at least two distinct positions; among said at least two distinct positions, identifying (130) at least one period when the user (10) is in a favorable position to determine said at least one fitting parameter, wherein the at least one period is manually identified by an operator (11); recording (140) the at least one identified period and at least one image taken during said at least one identified period; determining (150) said fitting parameter on the basis of said at least one recorded image. 2. Method (100) according to claim 1, wherein during the identifying step (130) a plurality of periods are identified to record a plurality of images taken during said plurality of identified periods, the method further comprising a step of selecting at least one image among the plurality of recorded images, said fitting parameter being determined on the basis of said at least one selected image. 3. Method according to claim 1, wherein the operator (11) is the user (10) equipped with the optical equipment. 4. Method (100) according to claim 1, wherein the determining step (150) comprises measuring at least one fitting distance on the at least one recorded image. 5. Method (100) according to claim 4, wherein the at least one fitting parameter is determined on the basis of the at least one fitting distance and reference fitting measurements obtained by statistical analysis. 6. Method (100) according to claim 1, wherein the identifying step (130) is performed either when the user (10) is in a favorable position for a far vision shooting or when the user (10) is in a favorable position for a near vision shooting. 7. Method (100) according to claim 6, wherein the imaging device (16) comprises at least one far vision camera (20) disposed in a room in which the user is photographed, the step of taking (110) a plurality of images comprising taking a plurality of images of the user's face and the optical equipment. 8. Method (100) according to claim 7, wherein moves relative to the at least one far vision camera during the identifying step (130) for a far vision shooting. 9. Method (100) according to claim 6, wherein the user is standing during the identifying step for a far vision shooting. 10. Method (100) according to claim 6, wherein the imaging device (16) further comprises at least one near vision camera (18) configured to take a plurality of images to perform a near vision shooting. 11. Method (100) according to claim 10, wherein the favorable position for a near vision shooting is when the user (10) is in a sitting position, handling and watching toward the at least one near vision camera (18). 12. Method (100) according to claim 1, wherein the imaging device also comprises another camera disposed on the optical equipment or the user's head, the method further comprising determining the eye gaze direction of the user (10). 13. Method (100) according to claim 1, wherein the at least one fitting parameter comprises at least one among the pupillary distance, the half pupillary distance, the fitting height, the pantoscopic angle, the far vision point and the near vision point. 14. Method (100) according to claim 1, wherein the optical equipment is eyewear, the at least one fitting parameter allowing to determine lens fitting of said eyewear for the user (10). 15. System (14) for determining at least one fitting parameter of an optical equipment configured to equip a user (10), the system (14) comprising:
an imaging device (16) designed to take a plurality of images of the user equipped with the optical equipment when the user takes successively at least two distinct positions; means for identifying (22), among said at least two distinct positions, at least one period when the user (10) is in a favorable position to determine said at least one fitting parameter; a recorder (24) designed to record the at least one identified period and at least one image taken during said at least one identified period; determination means (26) designed to determine said fitting parameter on the basis of said at least one recorded image. 16. Method according to claim 2, wherein the operator (11) is the user (10) equipped with the optical equipment. 17. Method (100) according to claim 2, wherein the determining step (150) comprises measuring at least one fitting distance on the at least one recorded image. 18. Method (100) according to claim 3, wherein the determining step (150) comprises measuring at least one fitting distance on the at least one recorded image. 19. Method (100) according to claim 2, wherein the identifying step (130) is performed either when the user (10) is in a favorable position for a far vision shooting or when the user (10) is in a favorable position for a near vision shooting. 20. Method (100) according to claim 3, wherein the identifying step (130) is performed either when the user (10) is in a favorable position for a far vision shooting or when the user (10) is in a favorable position for a near vision shooting. | Disclosed is a method for determining at least one fitting parameter of an optical equipment configured to equip a user, the method including: providing an imaging device; taking a plurality of images of the user equipped with the optical equipment when the user takes successively at least two distinct positions; among the at least two distinct positions, identifying at least one period when the user is in a favorable position to determine the at least one fitting parameter, wherein the at least one period is manually identified by an operator; recording the at least one identified period and at least one image taken during the at least one identified period; determining the fitting parameter on the basis of the at least one recorded image.1. Method for determining (100) at least one fitting parameter of an optical equipment configured to equip a user (10), the method comprising:
providing an imaging device (16); taking (110) a plurality of images of the user (10) equipped with the optical equipment when the user takes successively at least two distinct positions; among said at least two distinct positions, identifying (130) at least one period when the user (10) is in a favorable position to determine said at least one fitting parameter, wherein the at least one period is manually identified by an operator (11); recording (140) the at least one identified period and at least one image taken during said at least one identified period; determining (150) said fitting parameter on the basis of said at least one recorded image. 2. Method (100) according to claim 1, wherein during the identifying step (130) a plurality of periods are identified to record a plurality of images taken during said plurality of identified periods, the method further comprising a step of selecting at least one image among the plurality of recorded images, said fitting parameter being determined on the basis of said at least one selected image. 3. Method according to claim 1, wherein the operator (11) is the user (10) equipped with the optical equipment. 4. Method (100) according to claim 1, wherein the determining step (150) comprises measuring at least one fitting distance on the at least one recorded image. 5. Method (100) according to claim 4, wherein the at least one fitting parameter is determined on the basis of the at least one fitting distance and reference fitting measurements obtained by statistical analysis. 6. Method (100) according to claim 1, wherein the identifying step (130) is performed either when the user (10) is in a favorable position for a far vision shooting or when the user (10) is in a favorable position for a near vision shooting. 7. Method (100) according to claim 6, wherein the imaging device (16) comprises at least one far vision camera (20) disposed in a room in which the user is photographed, the step of taking (110) a plurality of images comprising taking a plurality of images of the user's face and the optical equipment. 8. Method (100) according to claim 7, wherein moves relative to the at least one far vision camera during the identifying step (130) for a far vision shooting. 9. Method (100) according to claim 6, wherein the user is standing during the identifying step for a far vision shooting. 10. Method (100) according to claim 6, wherein the imaging device (16) further comprises at least one near vision camera (18) configured to take a plurality of images to perform a near vision shooting. 11. Method (100) according to claim 10, wherein the favorable position for a near vision shooting is when the user (10) is in a sitting position, handling and watching toward the at least one near vision camera (18). 12. Method (100) according to claim 1, wherein the imaging device also comprises another camera disposed on the optical equipment or the user's head, the method further comprising determining the eye gaze direction of the user (10). 13. Method (100) according to claim 1, wherein the at least one fitting parameter comprises at least one among the pupillary distance, the half pupillary distance, the fitting height, the pantoscopic angle, the far vision point and the near vision point. 14. Method (100) according to claim 1, wherein the optical equipment is eyewear, the at least one fitting parameter allowing to determine lens fitting of said eyewear for the user (10). 15. System (14) for determining at least one fitting parameter of an optical equipment configured to equip a user (10), the system (14) comprising:
an imaging device (16) designed to take a plurality of images of the user equipped with the optical equipment when the user takes successively at least two distinct positions; means for identifying (22), among said at least two distinct positions, at least one period when the user (10) is in a favorable position to determine said at least one fitting parameter; a recorder (24) designed to record the at least one identified period and at least one image taken during said at least one identified period; determination means (26) designed to determine said fitting parameter on the basis of said at least one recorded image. 16. Method according to claim 2, wherein the operator (11) is the user (10) equipped with the optical equipment. 17. Method (100) according to claim 2, wherein the determining step (150) comprises measuring at least one fitting distance on the at least one recorded image. 18. Method (100) according to claim 3, wherein the determining step (150) comprises measuring at least one fitting distance on the at least one recorded image. 19. Method (100) according to claim 2, wherein the identifying step (130) is performed either when the user (10) is in a favorable position for a far vision shooting or when the user (10) is in a favorable position for a near vision shooting. 20. Method (100) according to claim 3, wherein the identifying step (130) is performed either when the user (10) is in a favorable position for a far vision shooting or when the user (10) is in a favorable position for a near vision shooting. | 1,700 |
345,142 | 16,643,052 | 1,762 | A method of transmitting a request for video data comprises a client device transmitting a request for high-resolution spatial-element frames of a spatial element of a video to a distribution node for each spatial element of the video in a user's field of view for which a client device does not possess a current high-resolution spatial-element frame. The video comprises a plurality of spatial elements and the plurality of spatial-element frames comprises both non-inter-coded spatial-element frames (152) and inter-coded spatial-element frames (151). The request identifies the spatial element and specifies a starting point (179) corresponding substantially to a current time. The request is for data comprising a temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames starting substantially at the starting point (179) and of which the first high-resolution spatial-element frame (173) is not inter coded. The method further comprises the client device receiving the requested data. | 1. A method of transmitting a request for video data, comprising:
for each spatial element of a video in a user's field of view for which a client device does not possess a current high-resolution spatial-element frame, said client device transmitting one or more requests for high-resolution spatial-element frames of said spatial element of said video to a distribution node, said video comprising a plurality of spatial elements and a plurality of spatial-element frames for each of said plurality of spatial elements, said plurality of spatial-element frames comprising both non-inter-coded spatial-element frames and inter-coded spatial-element frames, only said inter-coded spatial-element frames being encoded with reference to one or more other spatial-element frames of said plurality of spatial-element frames, said one or more requests identifying said spatial element; and for each of said spatial elements for which said one or more requests is transmitted, said client device receiving data relating to said spatial element of said video from said distribution node in response to said one or more requests, said data comprising a temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames, said high-resolution spatial-element frames of said temporal segment each comprising a plurality of video pixels, wherein said one or more requests specify a starting point corresponding to a current time, said one or more requests are for data comprising a temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames starting at said starting point of which the first high-resolution spatial-element frame is not inter coded, and said temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames received by said client device starts at said starting point, the first one or more high-resolution spatial-element frames of said temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames not being inter coded. 2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said starting point is specified as a position in a file and said file comprises two or more temporal segments of high-resolution spatial-element frames relating to at least partly overlapping time periods for a plurality of time periods, at least a first one of said two or more temporal segments of high-resolution spatial-element frames comprising inter-coded spatial-element frames and at least a second one of said two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames comprising only non-inter-coded spatial-element frames, said two or more temporal segments being stored near each other in said file. 3. The method as claimed in claim 2, further comprising determining said starting point by looking up a position in a file by using an index associated with said file, said position corresponding substantially to a current time and said index comprising a mapping from a point in time or a temporal index value to a position in said file. 4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein determining said starting point comprises selecting one index from a plurality of indices associated with one or more files, said one or more files including said file, said plurality of indices each comprising a mapping from a point in time or a temporal index value to a position in said one or more files, and looking up said position in said one or more files by using said selected index, said position corresponding to a position of a non-inter-coded spatial-element frame in said one or more files. 5. The method as claimed in claim 4, further comprising, for at least one of said spatial elements for which said one or more request is transmitted, said client device transmitting one or more further requests for further high-resolution spatial-element frames of said spatial element of said video to said distribution node, said one or more further requests identifying said spatial element and specifying a further starting point corresponding substantially to a current time, and determining said further starting point by looking up a position in a file by using another one of said plurality of indices. 6. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
displaying said received high-resolution spatial-element frames; pausing display of said video upon receiving an instruction to pause display of said video; upon receiving said instruction, for each spatial element of said video outside said user's field of view for which a client device does not possess a current high-resolution spatial-element frame, said client device transmitting one or more further requests for high-resolution spatial-element frames of said spatial element; receiving further high-resolution spatial-element frames in response to said further requests; and displaying at least one of said received further high-resolution spatial-element frames upon receiving an instruction to change said user's field of view while said display of said video is being paused. 7. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
for each spatial element of said video, said client device transmitting one or more further requests for low-resolution spatial-element frames of said spatial element of said video; receiving low-resolution spatial-element frames in response to said further requests; displaying a current low-resolution spatial-element frame for each spatial element in said user's field of view for which said client device does not possess a current high-resolution spatial-element frame; displaying a current high-resolution spatial-element frame for one or more spatial elements in said user's field of view for which said client device possesses said current high-resolution spatial-element frame; and displaying a current low-resolution spatial-element frame for one or more further spatial elements in said user's field of view for which said client device possesses a current high-resolution spatial-element frame. 8. A method of transmitting video data, comprising:
receiving a request to obtain a part of a file from a requestor, said request identifying said file, said file comprising a plurality of spatial-element frames of a spatial element of a compressed video, said compressed video comprising a plurality of spatial elements; locating said file in a memory; obtaining data from said file located in said memory and transmitting said data to said requestor, wherein said request specifies a starting position, said data is obtained starting at said specified starting position, and said data comprises two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames relating to at least partly overlapping time periods, said spatial-element frames of said two or more temporal segments each comprising a plurality of video pixels, at least a first one of said two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames comprising inter-coded spatial-element frames and at least a second one of said two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames comprising only non-inter-coded spatial-element frames, only said inter-coded spatial-element frames being encoded with reference to one or more other spatial-element frames of said plurality of spatial-element frames and said two or more temporal segments being located near each other in said data. 9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein said request further specifies an ending position and said data is obtained from said specified starting position until said specified ending position. 10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein said two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames are stored sequentially in said file. 11. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein said request specifies a further starting position and further comprising:
obtaining further data from said file located in said memory starting at said specified further starting position, said further data comprising two or more further temporal segments of spatial-element frames relating to at least partly overlapping time periods, said spatial-element frames of said two or more further temporal segments each comprising a plurality of video pixels, at least a first one of said two or more further temporal segments of spatial-element frames comprising inter-coded spatial-element frames and at least a second one of said two or more further temporal segments of spatial-element frames comprising only non-inter-coded spatial-element frames; and transmitting said further data to said requestor. 12-13. (canceled) 14. A client device, comprising:
at least one transmitter; at least one receiver; and at least one processor configured to:
for each spatial element of a video in a user's field of view for which said client device does not possess a current high-resolution spatial-element frame, use said at least one transmitter to transmit one or more requests for high-resolution spatial-element frames of said spatial element of said video to a distribution node, said video comprising a plurality of spatial elements and a plurality of spatial-element frames for each of said plurality of spatial elements, said plurality of spatial-element frames comprising both non-inter-coded spatial-element frames and inter-coded spatial-element frames, only said inter-coded spatial-element frames being encoded with reference to one or more other spatial-element frames of said plurality of spatial-element frames, said one or more requests identifying said spatial element, and
for each of said spatial elements for which said one or more requests is transmitted, use said at least one receiver to receive data relating to said spatial element of said video from said distribution node in response to said one or more requests, said data comprising a temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames,
wherein said one or more requests specify a starting point corresponding to a current time, said one or more requests are for data comprising a temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames starting at said starting point of which the first high-resolution spatial-element frame is not inter coded, and said received temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames starts at said starting point, the first one or more high-resolution spatial-element frames of said temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames not being inter coded, and said at least one processor is configured to determine said starting point before transmitting said one or more requests by looking up a position in a file by using an index associated with said file, said position corresponding to a current time and said index comprising a mapping from a point in time or a temporal index value to a position in said file. 15. A distribution node, comprising:
at least one receiver; at least one transmitter; and at least one processor configured to:
use said at least one receiver to receive a request to obtain a part of a file from a requestor, said request identifying said file, starting position, said file comprising a plurality of spatial-element frames of a spatial element of a compressed video, said compressed video comprising a plurality of spatial elements,
locate said file in a memory,
obtain data from said file located in said memory, and
use said at least one transmitter to transmit said data to said requestor,
wherein said request specifies a starting position, said data is obtained starting at said specified starting position, and said data comprises two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames relating to at least partly overlapping time periods, said spatial-element frames of said two or more temporal segments each comprising a plurality of video pixels, at least a first one of said two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames comprising inter-coded spatial-element frames and at least a second one of said two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames comprising only non-inter-coded spatial-element frames, only said inter-coded spatial-element frames being encoded with reference to one or more other spatial-element frames of said plurality of spatial-element frames and said two or more temporal segments being located near each other in said data. 16. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising determining said starting point by looking up a position in a file by using an index associated with said file, said position corresponding substantially to a current time and said index comprising a mapping from a point in time or a temporal index value to a position in said file. 17. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein said two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames are stored sequentially in said file. 18. A computer readable medium for storing instructions when executed on a computer system perform a method comprising:
for each spatial element of a video in a user's field of view for which a client device does not possess a current high-resolution spatial-element frame, said client device transmitting one or more requests for high-resolution spatial-element frames of said spatial element of said video to a distribution node, said video comprising a plurality of spatial elements and a plurality of spatial-element frames for each of said plurality of spatial elements, said plurality of spatial-element frames comprising both non-inter-coded spatial-element frames and inter-coded spatial-element frames, only said inter-coded spatial-element frames being encoded with reference to one or more other spatial-element frames of said plurality of spatial-element frames, said one or more requests identifying said spatial element; and for each of said spatial elements for which said one or more requests is transmitted, said client device receiving data relating to said spatial element of said video from said distribution node in response to said one or more requests, said data comprising a temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames, said high-resolution spatial-element frames of said temporal segment each comprising a plurality of video pixels, wherein said one or more requests specify a starting point corresponding to a current time, said one or more requests are for data comprising a temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames starting at said starting point of which the first high-resolution spatial-element frame is not inter coded, and said temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames received by said client device starts at said starting point, the first one or more high-resolution spatial-element frames of said temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames not being inter coded. 19. A computer readable medium for storing instructions when executed on a computer system perform a method comprising:
receiving a request to obtain a part of a file from a requestor, said request identifying said file, said file comprising a plurality of spatial-element frames of a spatial element of a compressed video, said compressed video comprising a plurality of spatial elements; locating said file in a memory; obtaining data from said file located in said memory; and transmitting said data to said requestor, wherein said request specifies a starting position, said data is obtained starting at said specified starting position, and said data comprises two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames relating to at least partly overlapping time periods, said spatial-element frames of said two or more temporal segments each comprising a plurality of video pixels, at least a first one of said two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames comprising inter-coded spatial-element frames and at least a second one of said two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames comprising only non-inter-coded spatial-element frames, only said inter-coded spatial-element frames being encoded with reference to one or more other spatial-element frames of said plurality of spatial-element frames and said two or more temporal segments being located near each other in said data. | A method of transmitting a request for video data comprises a client device transmitting a request for high-resolution spatial-element frames of a spatial element of a video to a distribution node for each spatial element of the video in a user's field of view for which a client device does not possess a current high-resolution spatial-element frame. The video comprises a plurality of spatial elements and the plurality of spatial-element frames comprises both non-inter-coded spatial-element frames (152) and inter-coded spatial-element frames (151). The request identifies the spatial element and specifies a starting point (179) corresponding substantially to a current time. The request is for data comprising a temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames starting substantially at the starting point (179) and of which the first high-resolution spatial-element frame (173) is not inter coded. The method further comprises the client device receiving the requested data.1. A method of transmitting a request for video data, comprising:
for each spatial element of a video in a user's field of view for which a client device does not possess a current high-resolution spatial-element frame, said client device transmitting one or more requests for high-resolution spatial-element frames of said spatial element of said video to a distribution node, said video comprising a plurality of spatial elements and a plurality of spatial-element frames for each of said plurality of spatial elements, said plurality of spatial-element frames comprising both non-inter-coded spatial-element frames and inter-coded spatial-element frames, only said inter-coded spatial-element frames being encoded with reference to one or more other spatial-element frames of said plurality of spatial-element frames, said one or more requests identifying said spatial element; and for each of said spatial elements for which said one or more requests is transmitted, said client device receiving data relating to said spatial element of said video from said distribution node in response to said one or more requests, said data comprising a temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames, said high-resolution spatial-element frames of said temporal segment each comprising a plurality of video pixels, wherein said one or more requests specify a starting point corresponding to a current time, said one or more requests are for data comprising a temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames starting at said starting point of which the first high-resolution spatial-element frame is not inter coded, and said temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames received by said client device starts at said starting point, the first one or more high-resolution spatial-element frames of said temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames not being inter coded. 2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said starting point is specified as a position in a file and said file comprises two or more temporal segments of high-resolution spatial-element frames relating to at least partly overlapping time periods for a plurality of time periods, at least a first one of said two or more temporal segments of high-resolution spatial-element frames comprising inter-coded spatial-element frames and at least a second one of said two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames comprising only non-inter-coded spatial-element frames, said two or more temporal segments being stored near each other in said file. 3. The method as claimed in claim 2, further comprising determining said starting point by looking up a position in a file by using an index associated with said file, said position corresponding substantially to a current time and said index comprising a mapping from a point in time or a temporal index value to a position in said file. 4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein determining said starting point comprises selecting one index from a plurality of indices associated with one or more files, said one or more files including said file, said plurality of indices each comprising a mapping from a point in time or a temporal index value to a position in said one or more files, and looking up said position in said one or more files by using said selected index, said position corresponding to a position of a non-inter-coded spatial-element frame in said one or more files. 5. The method as claimed in claim 4, further comprising, for at least one of said spatial elements for which said one or more request is transmitted, said client device transmitting one or more further requests for further high-resolution spatial-element frames of said spatial element of said video to said distribution node, said one or more further requests identifying said spatial element and specifying a further starting point corresponding substantially to a current time, and determining said further starting point by looking up a position in a file by using another one of said plurality of indices. 6. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
displaying said received high-resolution spatial-element frames; pausing display of said video upon receiving an instruction to pause display of said video; upon receiving said instruction, for each spatial element of said video outside said user's field of view for which a client device does not possess a current high-resolution spatial-element frame, said client device transmitting one or more further requests for high-resolution spatial-element frames of said spatial element; receiving further high-resolution spatial-element frames in response to said further requests; and displaying at least one of said received further high-resolution spatial-element frames upon receiving an instruction to change said user's field of view while said display of said video is being paused. 7. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
for each spatial element of said video, said client device transmitting one or more further requests for low-resolution spatial-element frames of said spatial element of said video; receiving low-resolution spatial-element frames in response to said further requests; displaying a current low-resolution spatial-element frame for each spatial element in said user's field of view for which said client device does not possess a current high-resolution spatial-element frame; displaying a current high-resolution spatial-element frame for one or more spatial elements in said user's field of view for which said client device possesses said current high-resolution spatial-element frame; and displaying a current low-resolution spatial-element frame for one or more further spatial elements in said user's field of view for which said client device possesses a current high-resolution spatial-element frame. 8. A method of transmitting video data, comprising:
receiving a request to obtain a part of a file from a requestor, said request identifying said file, said file comprising a plurality of spatial-element frames of a spatial element of a compressed video, said compressed video comprising a plurality of spatial elements; locating said file in a memory; obtaining data from said file located in said memory and transmitting said data to said requestor, wherein said request specifies a starting position, said data is obtained starting at said specified starting position, and said data comprises two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames relating to at least partly overlapping time periods, said spatial-element frames of said two or more temporal segments each comprising a plurality of video pixels, at least a first one of said two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames comprising inter-coded spatial-element frames and at least a second one of said two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames comprising only non-inter-coded spatial-element frames, only said inter-coded spatial-element frames being encoded with reference to one or more other spatial-element frames of said plurality of spatial-element frames and said two or more temporal segments being located near each other in said data. 9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein said request further specifies an ending position and said data is obtained from said specified starting position until said specified ending position. 10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein said two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames are stored sequentially in said file. 11. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein said request specifies a further starting position and further comprising:
obtaining further data from said file located in said memory starting at said specified further starting position, said further data comprising two or more further temporal segments of spatial-element frames relating to at least partly overlapping time periods, said spatial-element frames of said two or more further temporal segments each comprising a plurality of video pixels, at least a first one of said two or more further temporal segments of spatial-element frames comprising inter-coded spatial-element frames and at least a second one of said two or more further temporal segments of spatial-element frames comprising only non-inter-coded spatial-element frames; and transmitting said further data to said requestor. 12-13. (canceled) 14. A client device, comprising:
at least one transmitter; at least one receiver; and at least one processor configured to:
for each spatial element of a video in a user's field of view for which said client device does not possess a current high-resolution spatial-element frame, use said at least one transmitter to transmit one or more requests for high-resolution spatial-element frames of said spatial element of said video to a distribution node, said video comprising a plurality of spatial elements and a plurality of spatial-element frames for each of said plurality of spatial elements, said plurality of spatial-element frames comprising both non-inter-coded spatial-element frames and inter-coded spatial-element frames, only said inter-coded spatial-element frames being encoded with reference to one or more other spatial-element frames of said plurality of spatial-element frames, said one or more requests identifying said spatial element, and
for each of said spatial elements for which said one or more requests is transmitted, use said at least one receiver to receive data relating to said spatial element of said video from said distribution node in response to said one or more requests, said data comprising a temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames,
wherein said one or more requests specify a starting point corresponding to a current time, said one or more requests are for data comprising a temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames starting at said starting point of which the first high-resolution spatial-element frame is not inter coded, and said received temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames starts at said starting point, the first one or more high-resolution spatial-element frames of said temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames not being inter coded, and said at least one processor is configured to determine said starting point before transmitting said one or more requests by looking up a position in a file by using an index associated with said file, said position corresponding to a current time and said index comprising a mapping from a point in time or a temporal index value to a position in said file. 15. A distribution node, comprising:
at least one receiver; at least one transmitter; and at least one processor configured to:
use said at least one receiver to receive a request to obtain a part of a file from a requestor, said request identifying said file, starting position, said file comprising a plurality of spatial-element frames of a spatial element of a compressed video, said compressed video comprising a plurality of spatial elements,
locate said file in a memory,
obtain data from said file located in said memory, and
use said at least one transmitter to transmit said data to said requestor,
wherein said request specifies a starting position, said data is obtained starting at said specified starting position, and said data comprises two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames relating to at least partly overlapping time periods, said spatial-element frames of said two or more temporal segments each comprising a plurality of video pixels, at least a first one of said two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames comprising inter-coded spatial-element frames and at least a second one of said two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames comprising only non-inter-coded spatial-element frames, only said inter-coded spatial-element frames being encoded with reference to one or more other spatial-element frames of said plurality of spatial-element frames and said two or more temporal segments being located near each other in said data. 16. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising determining said starting point by looking up a position in a file by using an index associated with said file, said position corresponding substantially to a current time and said index comprising a mapping from a point in time or a temporal index value to a position in said file. 17. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein said two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames are stored sequentially in said file. 18. A computer readable medium for storing instructions when executed on a computer system perform a method comprising:
for each spatial element of a video in a user's field of view for which a client device does not possess a current high-resolution spatial-element frame, said client device transmitting one or more requests for high-resolution spatial-element frames of said spatial element of said video to a distribution node, said video comprising a plurality of spatial elements and a plurality of spatial-element frames for each of said plurality of spatial elements, said plurality of spatial-element frames comprising both non-inter-coded spatial-element frames and inter-coded spatial-element frames, only said inter-coded spatial-element frames being encoded with reference to one or more other spatial-element frames of said plurality of spatial-element frames, said one or more requests identifying said spatial element; and for each of said spatial elements for which said one or more requests is transmitted, said client device receiving data relating to said spatial element of said video from said distribution node in response to said one or more requests, said data comprising a temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames, said high-resolution spatial-element frames of said temporal segment each comprising a plurality of video pixels, wherein said one or more requests specify a starting point corresponding to a current time, said one or more requests are for data comprising a temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames starting at said starting point of which the first high-resolution spatial-element frame is not inter coded, and said temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames received by said client device starts at said starting point, the first one or more high-resolution spatial-element frames of said temporal segment of high-resolution spatial-element frames not being inter coded. 19. A computer readable medium for storing instructions when executed on a computer system perform a method comprising:
receiving a request to obtain a part of a file from a requestor, said request identifying said file, said file comprising a plurality of spatial-element frames of a spatial element of a compressed video, said compressed video comprising a plurality of spatial elements; locating said file in a memory; obtaining data from said file located in said memory; and transmitting said data to said requestor, wherein said request specifies a starting position, said data is obtained starting at said specified starting position, and said data comprises two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames relating to at least partly overlapping time periods, said spatial-element frames of said two or more temporal segments each comprising a plurality of video pixels, at least a first one of said two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames comprising inter-coded spatial-element frames and at least a second one of said two or more temporal segments of spatial-element frames comprising only non-inter-coded spatial-element frames, only said inter-coded spatial-element frames being encoded with reference to one or more other spatial-element frames of said plurality of spatial-element frames and said two or more temporal segments being located near each other in said data. | 1,700 |
345,143 | 16,643,038 | 1,711 | Disclosed is a control method of a laundry apparatus comprising: a drum provided to hold clothes; and a drive unit configured to rotate the drum, the control method comprising: an accelerating step for accelerating the drum; a decelerating step for decelerating the drum; and a laundry load sensing step for sensing the laundry load of the clothes held in the drum based on a measured acceleration value of the drive unit during the accelerating step and a measured deceleration value of the drive unit during the decelerating step. | 1. A method of controlling a laundry apparatus having a drum to hold laundry, and a motor to rotate the drum, the method comprising:
determining a first attribute value of the motor during an accelerating of the drum; determining a second attribute value of the motor during a decelerating of the drum; and determining a laundry load held in the drum based on the first attribute value of the motor during the accelerating of the drum and the second attribute value of the motor during the decelerating of the drum. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first attribute value is determined based on a first current value measured in the motor during the accelerating of the drum, and the second attribute value is determined based on a second current value measured in the motor during the decelerating of the drum. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first current value is determined based on a first prescribed current order value to rotate the motor during the accelerating of the drum, and
the second current value is determined based on a second prescribed current order value to rotate the motor during the decelerating of the drum. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein the first current value is determined based on a first output current value output from the motor during the accelerating of the drum, and
the second current value is determined based on a second output current value output from the motor during the decelerating of the drum. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the first output current value is determined based on an average of current values output from the motor during the accelerating of the drum, and
the second output current value is determined based on an average of current values output from the motor during the decelerating of the drum. 6. The method of claim 2, wherein the first attribute value is determined further based on a first spin speed variation during the accelerating of the drum, and
the second attribute value is determined—further based on a second spin speed variation during the decelerating of the drum. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein electric power applied to the motor is shut off during at least a portion of the decelerating of the motor. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the first attribute value and the second attribute value are determined in a common range of rotational speeds of the drum during, respectively, the accelerating and the decelerating of the drum. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the accelerating of the drum includes accelerating the drum to a first rotational speed, and
the decelerating of the drum include decelerating the drum from the first rotational speed. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the first attribute value and the second attribute value are determined while the drum is rotating between the first rotational speed and a second rotational speed which is less than the first rotational speed. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the first attribute value and the second attribute value are determined while the drum is rotating between a second rotational speed that is less than the first rotational speed and a third rotational which is greater than the second rotational speed and less than the first rotational speed. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein
the accelerating of the drum includes:
accelerating the drum during a first time period to a first rotational speed which is less than a particular rotational speed at which rotational inertia becomes sufficiently large to hold laundry substantially in contact with an inner wall of the drum during rotation of the drum; and
accelerating the drum during a second time period to a fourth rotational speed which is greater than the particular rotational speed, and
the decelerating of the drum includes
decelerating the drum from the first rotational speed after the first time period; and
decelerating the drum from the fourth rotational speed after the second time period, and
determining the laundry load includes:
calculating a first laundry load value based on the first attribute value of the motor determined during the accelerating of the drum to the first rotational speed and the second attribute value of the motor determined during the decelerating of the drum from the first rotational speed; and
calculating a second laundry load value based on the first attribute value of the motor determined during the accelerating of the drum to the fourth rotational speed and the second attribute value of the motor determined during the decelerating of the drum from the fourth rotational speed. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the laundry apparatus further includes a tub provided to rotatably accommodate the drum and hold water, and
wherein the method further comprises:
determining whether a water level in the tub is equal to or greater than a reference water level;
determining whether the first laundry load value is equal to or greater a reference load value; and
determining the laundry load based on one of the first laundry load value or the second laundry load value based on whether the water level in the tub is equal to or greater than the reference water level and the based on whether the first laundry load value is equal to or greater the reference load value. 14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
determining the laundry load based on the first laundry load value and not the second laundry load value based on an occurrence of at least one of the water level in the tub being equal to or greater than the reference water level or the first laundry load value being equal to or greater than the reference load value. 15. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
determining the laundry load based on the second laundry load value and not the first laundry load value when the water level in the tub is less than the reference water level and the laundry load value is less than the reference load value. 16. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
sensing when an unbalance is present in at least one of the tub or the drum during the accelerating of the drum to the fourth rotational speed or the decelerating of the drum from the fourth rotational speed, wherein the laundry load is determined based on the first laundry load value and not the second laundry load value when the unbalance is sensed in the at least one of the tub or the drum during either of the accelerating of the drum to the fourth rotational speed or the decelerating of the drum from the fourth rotational speed. 17. A method of controlling a laundry apparatus, the method comprising:
controlling a motor of the laundry apparatus to accelerate a drum of the laundry apparatus during at least one acceleration time period; controlling the motor to decelerate the drum during at least one deceleration time period; and determining a laundry load held in the drum based on a comparison of loads of the motor during the at least one acceleration time period and the at least one deceleration time period. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the at least one acceleration time period includes a first acceleration time period and a second acceleration time period, and controlling the motor of the laundry apparatus to accelerate the drum of the laundry apparatus includes:
accelerating the drum during the first acceleration time period to a first rotational speed which is less than a particular rotational speed at which rotational inertia becomes sufficiently large to hold laundry substantially in contact with an inner wall of the drum during rotation of the drum; and accelerating the drum during the second acceleration time period to a second rotational speed which is greater than the particular rotational speed, and wherein the at least one deceleration time period includes a first deceleration time period after the first acceleration time period and a second deceleration time period after the second acceleration time period, and controlling the motor of the laundry apparatus to accelerate the drum of the laundry apparatus includes:
decelerating the drum from the first rotational speed during the first deceleration time period;
decelerating the drum from the second rotational speed during the second deceleration time period, and
wherein determining the laundry load includes:
calculating a first laundry load value based on comparing loads of the motor during the first acceleration time period and the first deceleration time period; and
calculating a second laundry load value based on comparing loads of the motor during the second acceleration time period and the second deceleration time period. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising:
determining whether a water level of the laundry apparatus is equal to or greater than a reference water level; determining whether the first laundry load value is equal to or greater a reference load value; and determining the laundry load based on one of the first laundry load value or the second laundry load value based on whether the water level is equal to or greater than the reference water level and whether the first laundry load value is equal to or greater the reference load value, wherein the laundry load is determined based on the first laundry load value and not the second laundry load value based on an occurrence of at least one of the water level being equal to or greater than the reference water level or the first laundry load value being equal to or greater than the reference load value, and wherein the laundry load is determined based on the second laundry load value and not the first laundry load value when the water level is less than the reference water level and the laundry load value is less than the reference load value. 20. The method of claim 18, further comprising:
sensing when an unbalance is present in the laundry apparatus during at least one of the second acceleration time period or the second deceleration time period, wherein the laundry load is determined based on the first laundry load value and not the second laundry load value when the unbalance is present in the laundry apparatus during at least one of the second acceleration time period or the second deceleration time period. | Disclosed is a control method of a laundry apparatus comprising: a drum provided to hold clothes; and a drive unit configured to rotate the drum, the control method comprising: an accelerating step for accelerating the drum; a decelerating step for decelerating the drum; and a laundry load sensing step for sensing the laundry load of the clothes held in the drum based on a measured acceleration value of the drive unit during the accelerating step and a measured deceleration value of the drive unit during the decelerating step.1. A method of controlling a laundry apparatus having a drum to hold laundry, and a motor to rotate the drum, the method comprising:
determining a first attribute value of the motor during an accelerating of the drum; determining a second attribute value of the motor during a decelerating of the drum; and determining a laundry load held in the drum based on the first attribute value of the motor during the accelerating of the drum and the second attribute value of the motor during the decelerating of the drum. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first attribute value is determined based on a first current value measured in the motor during the accelerating of the drum, and the second attribute value is determined based on a second current value measured in the motor during the decelerating of the drum. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first current value is determined based on a first prescribed current order value to rotate the motor during the accelerating of the drum, and
the second current value is determined based on a second prescribed current order value to rotate the motor during the decelerating of the drum. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein the first current value is determined based on a first output current value output from the motor during the accelerating of the drum, and
the second current value is determined based on a second output current value output from the motor during the decelerating of the drum. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the first output current value is determined based on an average of current values output from the motor during the accelerating of the drum, and
the second output current value is determined based on an average of current values output from the motor during the decelerating of the drum. 6. The method of claim 2, wherein the first attribute value is determined further based on a first spin speed variation during the accelerating of the drum, and
the second attribute value is determined—further based on a second spin speed variation during the decelerating of the drum. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein electric power applied to the motor is shut off during at least a portion of the decelerating of the motor. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the first attribute value and the second attribute value are determined in a common range of rotational speeds of the drum during, respectively, the accelerating and the decelerating of the drum. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the accelerating of the drum includes accelerating the drum to a first rotational speed, and
the decelerating of the drum include decelerating the drum from the first rotational speed. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the first attribute value and the second attribute value are determined while the drum is rotating between the first rotational speed and a second rotational speed which is less than the first rotational speed. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the first attribute value and the second attribute value are determined while the drum is rotating between a second rotational speed that is less than the first rotational speed and a third rotational which is greater than the second rotational speed and less than the first rotational speed. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein
the accelerating of the drum includes:
accelerating the drum during a first time period to a first rotational speed which is less than a particular rotational speed at which rotational inertia becomes sufficiently large to hold laundry substantially in contact with an inner wall of the drum during rotation of the drum; and
accelerating the drum during a second time period to a fourth rotational speed which is greater than the particular rotational speed, and
the decelerating of the drum includes
decelerating the drum from the first rotational speed after the first time period; and
decelerating the drum from the fourth rotational speed after the second time period, and
determining the laundry load includes:
calculating a first laundry load value based on the first attribute value of the motor determined during the accelerating of the drum to the first rotational speed and the second attribute value of the motor determined during the decelerating of the drum from the first rotational speed; and
calculating a second laundry load value based on the first attribute value of the motor determined during the accelerating of the drum to the fourth rotational speed and the second attribute value of the motor determined during the decelerating of the drum from the fourth rotational speed. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the laundry apparatus further includes a tub provided to rotatably accommodate the drum and hold water, and
wherein the method further comprises:
determining whether a water level in the tub is equal to or greater than a reference water level;
determining whether the first laundry load value is equal to or greater a reference load value; and
determining the laundry load based on one of the first laundry load value or the second laundry load value based on whether the water level in the tub is equal to or greater than the reference water level and the based on whether the first laundry load value is equal to or greater the reference load value. 14. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
determining the laundry load based on the first laundry load value and not the second laundry load value based on an occurrence of at least one of the water level in the tub being equal to or greater than the reference water level or the first laundry load value being equal to or greater than the reference load value. 15. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
determining the laundry load based on the second laundry load value and not the first laundry load value when the water level in the tub is less than the reference water level and the laundry load value is less than the reference load value. 16. The method of claim 13, further comprising:
sensing when an unbalance is present in at least one of the tub or the drum during the accelerating of the drum to the fourth rotational speed or the decelerating of the drum from the fourth rotational speed, wherein the laundry load is determined based on the first laundry load value and not the second laundry load value when the unbalance is sensed in the at least one of the tub or the drum during either of the accelerating of the drum to the fourth rotational speed or the decelerating of the drum from the fourth rotational speed. 17. A method of controlling a laundry apparatus, the method comprising:
controlling a motor of the laundry apparatus to accelerate a drum of the laundry apparatus during at least one acceleration time period; controlling the motor to decelerate the drum during at least one deceleration time period; and determining a laundry load held in the drum based on a comparison of loads of the motor during the at least one acceleration time period and the at least one deceleration time period. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the at least one acceleration time period includes a first acceleration time period and a second acceleration time period, and controlling the motor of the laundry apparatus to accelerate the drum of the laundry apparatus includes:
accelerating the drum during the first acceleration time period to a first rotational speed which is less than a particular rotational speed at which rotational inertia becomes sufficiently large to hold laundry substantially in contact with an inner wall of the drum during rotation of the drum; and accelerating the drum during the second acceleration time period to a second rotational speed which is greater than the particular rotational speed, and wherein the at least one deceleration time period includes a first deceleration time period after the first acceleration time period and a second deceleration time period after the second acceleration time period, and controlling the motor of the laundry apparatus to accelerate the drum of the laundry apparatus includes:
decelerating the drum from the first rotational speed during the first deceleration time period;
decelerating the drum from the second rotational speed during the second deceleration time period, and
wherein determining the laundry load includes:
calculating a first laundry load value based on comparing loads of the motor during the first acceleration time period and the first deceleration time period; and
calculating a second laundry load value based on comparing loads of the motor during the second acceleration time period and the second deceleration time period. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising:
determining whether a water level of the laundry apparatus is equal to or greater than a reference water level; determining whether the first laundry load value is equal to or greater a reference load value; and determining the laundry load based on one of the first laundry load value or the second laundry load value based on whether the water level is equal to or greater than the reference water level and whether the first laundry load value is equal to or greater the reference load value, wherein the laundry load is determined based on the first laundry load value and not the second laundry load value based on an occurrence of at least one of the water level being equal to or greater than the reference water level or the first laundry load value being equal to or greater than the reference load value, and wherein the laundry load is determined based on the second laundry load value and not the first laundry load value when the water level is less than the reference water level and the laundry load value is less than the reference load value. 20. The method of claim 18, further comprising:
sensing when an unbalance is present in the laundry apparatus during at least one of the second acceleration time period or the second deceleration time period, wherein the laundry load is determined based on the first laundry load value and not the second laundry load value when the unbalance is present in the laundry apparatus during at least one of the second acceleration time period or the second deceleration time period. | 1,700 |
345,144 | 16,643,044 | 1,711 | A power converter path of a modular multilevel power converter includes a multiplicity of modules forming an electrical series circuit. The series circuit includes four groups of modules, of which two successive or sequential groups are disposed one above the other in a tower structure. A modular multilevel power converter with a power converter path is also provided. | 1-16. (canceled) 17. A power converter path of a modular multilevel power converter, the power converter path including:
a multiplicity of modules forming an electric series circuit; said series circuit including four groups of modules; and said groups of modules including two sequential groups disposed one above another in a tower structure. 18. The power converter path according to claim 17, wherein one of said two sequential groups is disposed on a lower level of said tower structure, and the other of said two sequential groups is disposed on an upper level of said tower structure. 19. The power converter path according to claim 17, wherein said tower structure is one of a first tower structure and a second tower structure disposed next to one another. 20. The power converter path according to claim 19, which further comprises a first electric connecting conductor electrically interconnecting said groups disposed in said first tower structure and said groups disposed in said second tower structure. 21. The power converter path according to claim 20, wherein:
said first tower structure has upper and lower levels; said second tower structure has upper and lower levels; and
said first electric connecting conductor electrically connects said group disposed on said lower level of said first tower structure to said group disposed on said lower level of said second tower structure, or
said first electric connecting conductor electrically connects said group disposed on said upper level of said first tower structure to said group disposed on said upper level of of said second tower structure. 22. The power convertor path according to claim 21, which further comprises:
a first path terminal and a second path terminal; said first path terminal being disposed at said first tower structure; and said second path terminal being disposed at said second tower structure. 23. The power converter path according to claim 22, wherein:
said first path terminal is disposed on said lower level of said first tower structure, and said second path terminal is disposed on said lower level of the second tower structure, or said first path terminal is disposed on said upper level of said first tower structure, and said second path terminal is disposed on said upper level of said second tower structure. 24. The power converter path according to claim 23, which further comprises a second connecting conductor disposed at a side of said tower structure disposed opposite said path terminal, said second electric connecting conductor electrically connecting said group disposed on said upper level of said tower structure to said group disposed on said lower level of said tower structure. 25. The power converter path according to claim 24, which further comprises a U-shaped current path for a current flowing through said group disposed on said upper level of said tower structure, said second connecting conductor and said group disposed on said lower level of said tower structure. 26. The power convertor path according to claim 24, wherein at least one of said first connecting conductor or said second connecting conductor is an electric busbar. 27. The power convertor path according to claim 24, which further comprises a cooling pipe for fluid cooling of said modules, said cooling pipe being disposed at a side of said tower structure at which said second connecting conductor is disposed. 28. The power converter path according to claim 27, wherein said cooling pipe includes a meandering section. 29. The power converter path according to claim 28, wherein said meandering section is disposed in a plane being perpendicular or parallel to a conceptual plane boundary surface bordering an outer contour of a side of said tower structure at which said second connecting conductor is disposed. 30. The power converter path according to claim 17, wherein each respective group of modules includes between 8 and 16 modules. 31. The power converter path according to claim 17, wherein said modules each include at least two respective electronic switching elements and a respective electrical energy store. 32. A modular multilevel power converter, comprising a power converter path according to claim 17. | A power converter path of a modular multilevel power converter includes a multiplicity of modules forming an electrical series circuit. The series circuit includes four groups of modules, of which two successive or sequential groups are disposed one above the other in a tower structure. A modular multilevel power converter with a power converter path is also provided.1-16. (canceled) 17. A power converter path of a modular multilevel power converter, the power converter path including:
a multiplicity of modules forming an electric series circuit; said series circuit including four groups of modules; and said groups of modules including two sequential groups disposed one above another in a tower structure. 18. The power converter path according to claim 17, wherein one of said two sequential groups is disposed on a lower level of said tower structure, and the other of said two sequential groups is disposed on an upper level of said tower structure. 19. The power converter path according to claim 17, wherein said tower structure is one of a first tower structure and a second tower structure disposed next to one another. 20. The power converter path according to claim 19, which further comprises a first electric connecting conductor electrically interconnecting said groups disposed in said first tower structure and said groups disposed in said second tower structure. 21. The power converter path according to claim 20, wherein:
said first tower structure has upper and lower levels; said second tower structure has upper and lower levels; and
said first electric connecting conductor electrically connects said group disposed on said lower level of said first tower structure to said group disposed on said lower level of said second tower structure, or
said first electric connecting conductor electrically connects said group disposed on said upper level of said first tower structure to said group disposed on said upper level of of said second tower structure. 22. The power convertor path according to claim 21, which further comprises:
a first path terminal and a second path terminal; said first path terminal being disposed at said first tower structure; and said second path terminal being disposed at said second tower structure. 23. The power converter path according to claim 22, wherein:
said first path terminal is disposed on said lower level of said first tower structure, and said second path terminal is disposed on said lower level of the second tower structure, or said first path terminal is disposed on said upper level of said first tower structure, and said second path terminal is disposed on said upper level of said second tower structure. 24. The power converter path according to claim 23, which further comprises a second connecting conductor disposed at a side of said tower structure disposed opposite said path terminal, said second electric connecting conductor electrically connecting said group disposed on said upper level of said tower structure to said group disposed on said lower level of said tower structure. 25. The power converter path according to claim 24, which further comprises a U-shaped current path for a current flowing through said group disposed on said upper level of said tower structure, said second connecting conductor and said group disposed on said lower level of said tower structure. 26. The power convertor path according to claim 24, wherein at least one of said first connecting conductor or said second connecting conductor is an electric busbar. 27. The power convertor path according to claim 24, which further comprises a cooling pipe for fluid cooling of said modules, said cooling pipe being disposed at a side of said tower structure at which said second connecting conductor is disposed. 28. The power converter path according to claim 27, wherein said cooling pipe includes a meandering section. 29. The power converter path according to claim 28, wherein said meandering section is disposed in a plane being perpendicular or parallel to a conceptual plane boundary surface bordering an outer contour of a side of said tower structure at which said second connecting conductor is disposed. 30. The power converter path according to claim 17, wherein each respective group of modules includes between 8 and 16 modules. 31. The power converter path according to claim 17, wherein said modules each include at least two respective electronic switching elements and a respective electrical energy store. 32. A modular multilevel power converter, comprising a power converter path according to claim 17. | 1,700 |
345,145 | 16,643,048 | 1,711 | A circuit breaker includes a main protection circuit connected in series with a protected circuit, an auxiliary protection circuit connected in series with the protected circuit, where the main protection circuit is connected in parallel with the auxiliary protection circuit, a mechanical disconnecting device, where the mechanical disconnecting device disconnects the main protection circuit when an over-current occurs in the protected circuit, and a fusing device, where the fusing device is fused after the main protection circuit is disconnected, to disconnect the protected circuit. | 1. A circuit breaker, comprising:
a main protection circuit, wherein the main protection circuit is configured to be connected in series with a protected circuit; an auxiliary protection circuit, wherein the auxiliary protection circuit is configured to be connected in series with the protected circuit, wherein the main protection circuit is connected in parallel with the auxiliary protection circuit; a mechanical disconnecting device, wherein the mechanical disconnecting device is triggered when an over-current occurs in the protected circuit, to disconnect the main protection circuit; and a fusing device, where the fusing device is connected in series with the auxiliary protection circuit, and is fused by the over-current after the main protection circuit is disconnected, to disconnect the auxiliary protection circuit. 2. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the mechanical disconnecting device, the main protection circuit, and the auxiliary protection circuit are arranged in order. 3. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the mechanical disconnecting device comprises an energy storage device, a driving mechanism, and an executing mechanism, the driving mechanism acts under the action of a power source provided by the energy storage device, the energy storage device is triggered when the over-current occurs in the protected circuit, to release the power source, and the executing mechanism is connected to the driving mechanism, and cuts off the main protection circuit under the driving of the driving mechanism. 4. The circuit breaker according to claim 3, wherein the energy storage device is a gas generator, the gas generator comprises a gas production material and a gas generating medium that are placed in an installation groove, and the gas generating medium is triggered when the over-current occurs in the protected circuit, to enable the gas production material to produce gas. 5. The circuit breaker according to claim 4, wherein the gas production material is an explosive, the installation groove is an explosive installation groove, the gas generating medium is an explosive detonator connected to the explosive, and the explosive detonator is triggered when the over-current occurs in the protected circuit, to detonate the explosive. 6. The circuit breaker according to claim 5, wherein the explosive is sealed in the explosive installation groove by a sealing cover. 7. The circuit breaker according to claim 4, wherein the driving mechanism is a piston, and the piston comprises an air cylinder in communication with the installation groove and a piston rod disposed in the air cylinder. 8. The circuit breaker according to claim 3, wherein the executing mechanism is an insulation blade disposed on the driving mechanism or integrally formed with the driving mechanism. 9. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the fusing device is a fuse, or the fusing device comprises a fuse and an arc extinguishing structure. 10. The circuit breaker according to claim 9, wherein the main protection circuit comprises a main circuit fuse disposed opposite to the mechanical disconnecting device, and the mechanical disconnecting device is triggered when the over-current occurs in the protected circuit, to cut off the main circuit fuse. 11. The circuit breaker according to claim 10, wherein the main circuit fuse is located on an upper side of an insulation base, and the fuse is located on a lower side of the insulation base, and is connected in parallel with the main circuit fuse by a connecting sheet. 12. The circuit breaker according to claim 10, wherein a resistance value of the fuse is more than 30 times that of the main circuit fuse. 13. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the circuit breaker comprises a trigger device configured to trigger an action of the mechanical disconnecting device. 14. The circuit breaker according to claim 13, wherein the trigger device is an electric arc trigger device. 15. The circuit breaker according to claim 2, wherein the circuit breaker comprises a trigger device configured to trigger an action of the mechanical disconnecting device. 16. The circuit breaker according to claim 3, wherein the circuit breaker comprises a trigger device configured to trigger an action of the mechanical disconnecting device. 17. The circuit breaker according to claim 4, wherein the circuit breaker comprises a trigger device configured to trigger an action of the mechanical disconnecting device. 18. The circuit breaker according to claim 5, wherein the circuit breaker comprises a trigger device configured to trigger an action of the mechanical disconnecting device. 19. The circuit breaker according to claim 12, wherein the circuit breaker comprises a trigger device configured to trigger an action of the mechanical disconnecting device. 20. The circuit breaker according to claim 19, wherein the trigger device is an electric arc trigger device. | A circuit breaker includes a main protection circuit connected in series with a protected circuit, an auxiliary protection circuit connected in series with the protected circuit, where the main protection circuit is connected in parallel with the auxiliary protection circuit, a mechanical disconnecting device, where the mechanical disconnecting device disconnects the main protection circuit when an over-current occurs in the protected circuit, and a fusing device, where the fusing device is fused after the main protection circuit is disconnected, to disconnect the protected circuit.1. A circuit breaker, comprising:
a main protection circuit, wherein the main protection circuit is configured to be connected in series with a protected circuit; an auxiliary protection circuit, wherein the auxiliary protection circuit is configured to be connected in series with the protected circuit, wherein the main protection circuit is connected in parallel with the auxiliary protection circuit; a mechanical disconnecting device, wherein the mechanical disconnecting device is triggered when an over-current occurs in the protected circuit, to disconnect the main protection circuit; and a fusing device, where the fusing device is connected in series with the auxiliary protection circuit, and is fused by the over-current after the main protection circuit is disconnected, to disconnect the auxiliary protection circuit. 2. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the mechanical disconnecting device, the main protection circuit, and the auxiliary protection circuit are arranged in order. 3. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the mechanical disconnecting device comprises an energy storage device, a driving mechanism, and an executing mechanism, the driving mechanism acts under the action of a power source provided by the energy storage device, the energy storage device is triggered when the over-current occurs in the protected circuit, to release the power source, and the executing mechanism is connected to the driving mechanism, and cuts off the main protection circuit under the driving of the driving mechanism. 4. The circuit breaker according to claim 3, wherein the energy storage device is a gas generator, the gas generator comprises a gas production material and a gas generating medium that are placed in an installation groove, and the gas generating medium is triggered when the over-current occurs in the protected circuit, to enable the gas production material to produce gas. 5. The circuit breaker according to claim 4, wherein the gas production material is an explosive, the installation groove is an explosive installation groove, the gas generating medium is an explosive detonator connected to the explosive, and the explosive detonator is triggered when the over-current occurs in the protected circuit, to detonate the explosive. 6. The circuit breaker according to claim 5, wherein the explosive is sealed in the explosive installation groove by a sealing cover. 7. The circuit breaker according to claim 4, wherein the driving mechanism is a piston, and the piston comprises an air cylinder in communication with the installation groove and a piston rod disposed in the air cylinder. 8. The circuit breaker according to claim 3, wherein the executing mechanism is an insulation blade disposed on the driving mechanism or integrally formed with the driving mechanism. 9. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the fusing device is a fuse, or the fusing device comprises a fuse and an arc extinguishing structure. 10. The circuit breaker according to claim 9, wherein the main protection circuit comprises a main circuit fuse disposed opposite to the mechanical disconnecting device, and the mechanical disconnecting device is triggered when the over-current occurs in the protected circuit, to cut off the main circuit fuse. 11. The circuit breaker according to claim 10, wherein the main circuit fuse is located on an upper side of an insulation base, and the fuse is located on a lower side of the insulation base, and is connected in parallel with the main circuit fuse by a connecting sheet. 12. The circuit breaker according to claim 10, wherein a resistance value of the fuse is more than 30 times that of the main circuit fuse. 13. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the circuit breaker comprises a trigger device configured to trigger an action of the mechanical disconnecting device. 14. The circuit breaker according to claim 13, wherein the trigger device is an electric arc trigger device. 15. The circuit breaker according to claim 2, wherein the circuit breaker comprises a trigger device configured to trigger an action of the mechanical disconnecting device. 16. The circuit breaker according to claim 3, wherein the circuit breaker comprises a trigger device configured to trigger an action of the mechanical disconnecting device. 17. The circuit breaker according to claim 4, wherein the circuit breaker comprises a trigger device configured to trigger an action of the mechanical disconnecting device. 18. The circuit breaker according to claim 5, wherein the circuit breaker comprises a trigger device configured to trigger an action of the mechanical disconnecting device. 19. The circuit breaker according to claim 12, wherein the circuit breaker comprises a trigger device configured to trigger an action of the mechanical disconnecting device. 20. The circuit breaker according to claim 19, wherein the trigger device is an electric arc trigger device. | 1,700 |
345,146 | 16,643,050 | 1,711 | The present invention is related to a computer implemented method for manipulating a numerical model of a 3D domain, said numerical model comprising geometrical entities such as layers, fractures, discontinuities, facies, etc., being identified as geometrical entities because they can be defined by its shape. The resulting data storage block is very large. The management of such large data bases or data storage block may be unaffordable as simple operations over one or more geometrical entities require the processing of the entire data base. The method provides an efficient management of the data base by a set of specific lists of indexing keys increasing the speed of access, for instance for writing and reading operations, for one or more determined geometrical entities. | 1. A computer implemented method for manipulating a numerical model of a 3D domain, the numerical model comprising a plurality of geometrical entities wherein said geometrical entities at least comprises:
a first index key identifying the geometrical entity, coordinates of the location of the geometrical entity or coordinates of the locations of part of the geometrical entity; wherein the plurality of geometrical entities is stored in a data storage block, each geometrical entity being accessible by means of the first index key; wherein the method determines a grid comprising cells, said grid discretizing at least a space including the domain of the numerical model wherein for each cell a list of first records associated to the cell, the first records comprising at least a second index key, is generated wherein: the list comprises a first record for each geometrical entity having at least the coordinates of the location of the geometrical entity or the coordinates of the locations of part of the geometrical entity located within the cell and, the second index key of each first record stores the first index key of the associated geometrical entity. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the grid is a structured grid. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the structured grid is a Cartesian structured grid. 4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the grid is indexed and the set of lists are indexed according to the index of the grid. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the generation of the list of first records for each cell is carried out by a pre-processing method according to the following steps:
for each cell of the grid generating a null list; sequentially reading geometrical entities of the data storage block and, for each geometrical entity read in the data storage block having the coordinates of the location of the geometrical entity or the coordinates of the locations of part of the geometrical entity located within one or more cells, a new first record is appended to the list of the each one or more cells, said new first record with the second index key of the new first record storing the first index key of the geometrical entity; making available the set of lists of first records comprising a second index key. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first index key of the geometrical entities in the data storage block are being indexed by a tree structure. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein a post-processing method is carried out, said post processing method according to the following steps:
for each geometrical entity stored in the data storage block appending a second list to said geometrical entity, the second list comprising second records being associated to cells, the second records comprising at least a third index key wherein:
the second list comprises a second record for each cell satisfying that the coordinates of the location of the geometrical entity or the coordinates of the locations of part of the geometrical entity are located within said cell and,
the third index key of each second record stores an index of the cell according to the previous condition. 8. A method according to claim 1, wherein manipulating operations on a sub-set of geometrical entities of the numerical model comprises the following steps:
selecting the cells comprising the geometrical entities to be manipulated; accessing to the geometrical entities of the sub-set of geometrical entities by means of the second index keys contained in the lists of the selected cells. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the manipulating operations are at least reading and writing. 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein collisions between at least a first set of geometrical entities and a second set of geometrical entities are determined according to the following steps:
i. selecting the cells containing the first set of geometrical entities; ii. selecting the cells containing the second set of geometrical entities; iii. determining the set of cells being the union between the set of first selected cells and the set of second selected cells; iv. for each cell of the set of cells determined in step iii), computing collisions between the geometrical entities indexed in the second index key in the list associated to said cell. 11. A computer program product comprising instructions which, when the program is executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform a method according to claim 1. 12. A data structure comprising:
a data storage block comprising a plurality of geometrical entities of a numerical model wherein said geometrical entities at least comprise: a first index key identifying the geometrical entity, coordinates of the location of the geometrical entity or coordinates of the locations of part of the geometrical entity; a set of lists, each list comprising at least one second key identifying geometrical entities of the data storage block wherein each first index key is at least stored in a second key of at least one list. 13. The data structure according to claim 12, wherein the set of lists comprising second keys are defined by determining a grid comprising cells, said grid discretizing at least a space including the domain of the numerical model wherein each cell is associated to a list of second index keys wherein each second index key is the first index key of a geometrical entity having at least the coordinates of one location located within the cell or the first index key of a geometrical entity having at least the coordinates of the locations of part of the entity located within the cell. 14. The data structure according to claim 12, wherein the first index keys are being accessed by a tree structure. 15. The data structure according to claim 12, wherein each list of the set of list is indexed with the same index identifying the corresponding cell of the grid. | The present invention is related to a computer implemented method for manipulating a numerical model of a 3D domain, said numerical model comprising geometrical entities such as layers, fractures, discontinuities, facies, etc., being identified as geometrical entities because they can be defined by its shape. The resulting data storage block is very large. The management of such large data bases or data storage block may be unaffordable as simple operations over one or more geometrical entities require the processing of the entire data base. The method provides an efficient management of the data base by a set of specific lists of indexing keys increasing the speed of access, for instance for writing and reading operations, for one or more determined geometrical entities.1. A computer implemented method for manipulating a numerical model of a 3D domain, the numerical model comprising a plurality of geometrical entities wherein said geometrical entities at least comprises:
a first index key identifying the geometrical entity, coordinates of the location of the geometrical entity or coordinates of the locations of part of the geometrical entity; wherein the plurality of geometrical entities is stored in a data storage block, each geometrical entity being accessible by means of the first index key; wherein the method determines a grid comprising cells, said grid discretizing at least a space including the domain of the numerical model wherein for each cell a list of first records associated to the cell, the first records comprising at least a second index key, is generated wherein: the list comprises a first record for each geometrical entity having at least the coordinates of the location of the geometrical entity or the coordinates of the locations of part of the geometrical entity located within the cell and, the second index key of each first record stores the first index key of the associated geometrical entity. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the grid is a structured grid. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the structured grid is a Cartesian structured grid. 4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the grid is indexed and the set of lists are indexed according to the index of the grid. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the generation of the list of first records for each cell is carried out by a pre-processing method according to the following steps:
for each cell of the grid generating a null list; sequentially reading geometrical entities of the data storage block and, for each geometrical entity read in the data storage block having the coordinates of the location of the geometrical entity or the coordinates of the locations of part of the geometrical entity located within one or more cells, a new first record is appended to the list of the each one or more cells, said new first record with the second index key of the new first record storing the first index key of the geometrical entity; making available the set of lists of first records comprising a second index key. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first index key of the geometrical entities in the data storage block are being indexed by a tree structure. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein a post-processing method is carried out, said post processing method according to the following steps:
for each geometrical entity stored in the data storage block appending a second list to said geometrical entity, the second list comprising second records being associated to cells, the second records comprising at least a third index key wherein:
the second list comprises a second record for each cell satisfying that the coordinates of the location of the geometrical entity or the coordinates of the locations of part of the geometrical entity are located within said cell and,
the third index key of each second record stores an index of the cell according to the previous condition. 8. A method according to claim 1, wherein manipulating operations on a sub-set of geometrical entities of the numerical model comprises the following steps:
selecting the cells comprising the geometrical entities to be manipulated; accessing to the geometrical entities of the sub-set of geometrical entities by means of the second index keys contained in the lists of the selected cells. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the manipulating operations are at least reading and writing. 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein collisions between at least a first set of geometrical entities and a second set of geometrical entities are determined according to the following steps:
i. selecting the cells containing the first set of geometrical entities; ii. selecting the cells containing the second set of geometrical entities; iii. determining the set of cells being the union between the set of first selected cells and the set of second selected cells; iv. for each cell of the set of cells determined in step iii), computing collisions between the geometrical entities indexed in the second index key in the list associated to said cell. 11. A computer program product comprising instructions which, when the program is executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform a method according to claim 1. 12. A data structure comprising:
a data storage block comprising a plurality of geometrical entities of a numerical model wherein said geometrical entities at least comprise: a first index key identifying the geometrical entity, coordinates of the location of the geometrical entity or coordinates of the locations of part of the geometrical entity; a set of lists, each list comprising at least one second key identifying geometrical entities of the data storage block wherein each first index key is at least stored in a second key of at least one list. 13. The data structure according to claim 12, wherein the set of lists comprising second keys are defined by determining a grid comprising cells, said grid discretizing at least a space including the domain of the numerical model wherein each cell is associated to a list of second index keys wherein each second index key is the first index key of a geometrical entity having at least the coordinates of one location located within the cell or the first index key of a geometrical entity having at least the coordinates of the locations of part of the entity located within the cell. 14. The data structure according to claim 12, wherein the first index keys are being accessed by a tree structure. 15. The data structure according to claim 12, wherein each list of the set of list is indexed with the same index identifying the corresponding cell of the grid. | 1,700 |
345,147 | 16,643,055 | 1,711 | A motion guide device includes: a track member including a rolling member rolling surface; a movable member including a loaded rolling member rolling surface, and a rolling member return passage; a pair of cap members including a direction change passage connecting the loaded rolling member rolling surface and the rolling member return passage; and a plurality of rolling members arrayed in a rollable manner on a loaded rolling member rolling passage, the rolling member return passage, and a pair of the direction change passages, the loaded rolling member rolling passage being made up of the rolling member rolling surface and the loaded rolling member rolling surface. A gap between the rolling member and the direction change passage at a boundary portion X is formed so as to become smaller than a gap between the rolling member and the rolling member rolling surface at the boundary portion. | 1. A motion guide device comprising:
a track member including a rolling member rolling surface; a movable member including a loaded rolling member rolling surface facing the rolling member rolling surface, and including a rolling member return passage extending generally parallel to the loaded rolling member rolling surface; a pair of cap members provided at both front and rear ends of the movable member in a movement direction, and including a direction change passage connecting the loaded rolling member rolling surface and the rolling member return passage; and a plurality of rolling members arrayed in a rollable manner within an endless circulation passage made up of a loaded rolling member rolling passage, the rolling member return passage, and a pair of the direction change passages, the loaded rolling member rolling passage being made up of the rolling member rolling surface included in the track member and the loaded rolling member rolling surface included in the movable member, wherein a gap between the rolling member and the direction change passage at a boundary portion between the direction change passage and the loaded rolling member rolling passage is formed so as to become smaller than a gap between the rolling member and the rolling member rolling surface at a boundary portion between the direction change passage and the loaded rolling member rolling passage. 2. The motion guide device according to claim 1, wherein
an inequality expressed as b<a is satisfied when a boundary portion between the direction change passage and the loaded rolling member rolling passage is viewed in cross section perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the track member, where “a” is defined as a dimension of a gap between the rolling member and an end portion of a rolling surface of the direction change passage included in the cap member, the end portion being on an opposite side to an end portion of the rolling surface closer to the rolling member rolling surface included in the track member, and where “b” is defined as a dimension of a gap between the rolling member and an end portion of the rolling surface closer to the rolling member rolling surface included in the track member. 3. The motion guide device according to claim 2, wherein a vicinity of an end portion of a rolling surface of the direction change passage included in the cap member has a linear shape, the end portion being closer to the rolling member rolling surface included in the track member. 4. The motion guide device according to claim 2, wherein
a rolling surface of the direction change passage included in the cap member has two arc shapes of different radii of curvature, and an inequality expressed as R2<R1 is satisfied, where R1 is defined as a radius of curvature of one arc shape including an end portion of the rolling surface on an opposite side to an end portion of the rolling surface closer to the rolling member rolling surface included in the track member, and where R2 is defined as a radius of curvature of the other arc shape including an end portion of the rolling surface closer to the rolling member rolling surface included in the track member. 5. The motion guide device according to claim 2, wherein
a rolling surface of the direction change passage included in the cap member is formed into an arc shape of a single radius of curvature R3, and a center position PB of the rolling member positioned on the rolling surface is offset from an arc center position P0 of the arc shape constituting the rolling surface toward an end portion of the rolling surface closer to the rolling member rolling surface included in the track member. 6. The motion guide device according to claim 2, wherein a protruding portion protruding toward the track member is provided in a vicinity of an end portion of a rolling surface of the direction change passage included in the cap member, the end portion being closer to the rolling member rolling surface included in the track member. | A motion guide device includes: a track member including a rolling member rolling surface; a movable member including a loaded rolling member rolling surface, and a rolling member return passage; a pair of cap members including a direction change passage connecting the loaded rolling member rolling surface and the rolling member return passage; and a plurality of rolling members arrayed in a rollable manner on a loaded rolling member rolling passage, the rolling member return passage, and a pair of the direction change passages, the loaded rolling member rolling passage being made up of the rolling member rolling surface and the loaded rolling member rolling surface. A gap between the rolling member and the direction change passage at a boundary portion X is formed so as to become smaller than a gap between the rolling member and the rolling member rolling surface at the boundary portion.1. A motion guide device comprising:
a track member including a rolling member rolling surface; a movable member including a loaded rolling member rolling surface facing the rolling member rolling surface, and including a rolling member return passage extending generally parallel to the loaded rolling member rolling surface; a pair of cap members provided at both front and rear ends of the movable member in a movement direction, and including a direction change passage connecting the loaded rolling member rolling surface and the rolling member return passage; and a plurality of rolling members arrayed in a rollable manner within an endless circulation passage made up of a loaded rolling member rolling passage, the rolling member return passage, and a pair of the direction change passages, the loaded rolling member rolling passage being made up of the rolling member rolling surface included in the track member and the loaded rolling member rolling surface included in the movable member, wherein a gap between the rolling member and the direction change passage at a boundary portion between the direction change passage and the loaded rolling member rolling passage is formed so as to become smaller than a gap between the rolling member and the rolling member rolling surface at a boundary portion between the direction change passage and the loaded rolling member rolling passage. 2. The motion guide device according to claim 1, wherein
an inequality expressed as b<a is satisfied when a boundary portion between the direction change passage and the loaded rolling member rolling passage is viewed in cross section perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the track member, where “a” is defined as a dimension of a gap between the rolling member and an end portion of a rolling surface of the direction change passage included in the cap member, the end portion being on an opposite side to an end portion of the rolling surface closer to the rolling member rolling surface included in the track member, and where “b” is defined as a dimension of a gap between the rolling member and an end portion of the rolling surface closer to the rolling member rolling surface included in the track member. 3. The motion guide device according to claim 2, wherein a vicinity of an end portion of a rolling surface of the direction change passage included in the cap member has a linear shape, the end portion being closer to the rolling member rolling surface included in the track member. 4. The motion guide device according to claim 2, wherein
a rolling surface of the direction change passage included in the cap member has two arc shapes of different radii of curvature, and an inequality expressed as R2<R1 is satisfied, where R1 is defined as a radius of curvature of one arc shape including an end portion of the rolling surface on an opposite side to an end portion of the rolling surface closer to the rolling member rolling surface included in the track member, and where R2 is defined as a radius of curvature of the other arc shape including an end portion of the rolling surface closer to the rolling member rolling surface included in the track member. 5. The motion guide device according to claim 2, wherein
a rolling surface of the direction change passage included in the cap member is formed into an arc shape of a single radius of curvature R3, and a center position PB of the rolling member positioned on the rolling surface is offset from an arc center position P0 of the arc shape constituting the rolling surface toward an end portion of the rolling surface closer to the rolling member rolling surface included in the track member. 6. The motion guide device according to claim 2, wherein a protruding portion protruding toward the track member is provided in a vicinity of an end portion of a rolling surface of the direction change passage included in the cap member, the end portion being closer to the rolling member rolling surface included in the track member. | 1,700 |
345,148 | 16,642,995 | 1,711 | Anti-TM4SF1 antibodies, and antigen-binding fragments thereof, are described that bind to an epitope on the ECL2 loop of human TM4SF1. Methods of use of said antibodies and fragments are also described, including for the inhibition of metastasis. | 1-127. (canceled) 128. An anti-TM4SF1 binding protein comprising:
a heavy chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 8, 20, 32, 44, 56, 68, 80, 96, 118, 119, 120, or 121; a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 7, 19, 31, 43, 55, 67, 79, 95, 116, or 117; and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 6, 18, 30, 42, 54, 66, 78, 94, or 115; and a light chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 14, 26, 38, 50, 62, 74, 86, 110, or 129; a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 13, 25, 37, 49, 61, 73, 85, or 109, or 128; and a CDR1 comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 107, 108, 124, 125, 126, or 127. 129. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, wherein
the heavy chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 8, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 7, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 6; and wherein the light chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 14, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 13, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 12. 130. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, wherein
the heavy chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 20, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 19, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 18; and wherein the light chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 26, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 25, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 24. 131. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, wherein
the heavy chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 32, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 31, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 30; and wherein the light-chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 38, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 37, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 36. 132. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, wherein
the heavy chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 44, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 43, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 42; and the light chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 50, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 49, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 48. 133. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, wherein
the heavy chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 56, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 55, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 54; and wherein the light chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 62, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 61, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 60. 134. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, wherein
the heavy chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 67, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 66; and wherein the light chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 74, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 73, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 72. 135. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, wherein
the heavy chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 80, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 79, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 78; and wherein the light chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 86, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 85, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 84. 136. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, comprising
a heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to a sequence selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NOs: 3, 15, 27, 39, 51, 63, 75, 90, 92, 112, 114, 130, and 132, and a light chain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to a sequence selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NOs: 9, 21, 33, 45, 57, 69, 81, 97, 99, 101, 103, 105, 122, 131, and 133. 137. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, comprising a heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NOs: 90, 92, 130 and 132; and a light chain comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NOs: 97, 99, 101, 103, 105, 131, and 133. 138. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, wherein the binding protein comprises an Fc region comprising a mutation at position N297. 139. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, comprising an antigen-binding fragment of an anti-TM4SF1 antibody, wherein the antigen-binding fragment comprises a Fab, a Fab′, a F(ab′)2, an Fv, or an scFv. 140. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, wherein the binding of the protein to human TM4SF1 is not dependent on glycosylation of the ECL2 loop of human TM4SF1, wherein the human TM4SF1 comprises a sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 134. 141. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, wherein the protein binds to a cynomolgus TM4SF1 with a KD about 1×10−8 M or less in a standard flow cytometry assay using HEK293 overexpressing cells. 142. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, wherein the protein binds to human TM4SF1 with a KD of about 1×10−9 M or less in a standard flow cytometry assay using HUVEC cells. 143. A method of treating disease or disorder in a subject, wherein the disease or disorder is characterized by abnormal endothelial cell (EC)-cell interaction, said method comprising administering to the subject the anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128. 144. The method of claim 143, wherein the EC-cell interaction comprises one or more of EC-mesenchymal stem cell, EC-fibroblast, EC-smooth muscle cell, EC-tumor cell, EC-leukocyte, EC-adipose cell, and EC-neuronal cell interactions. 145. The method of claim 143, wherein the disease or disorder comprises an inflammatory disease or a cancer. 146. A antibody drug conjugate comprising:
i) an antigen binding protein comprising the anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128; and ii) a therapeutic molecule. 147. The antibody drug conjugate of claim 146, wherein the therapeutic molecule is selected from a group consisting of a cytotoxic agent, a chemotherapeutic agent, a protein, a peptide, an antibody, a growth inhibitory agent, an anti-hormonal agent, or a combination thereof. | Anti-TM4SF1 antibodies, and antigen-binding fragments thereof, are described that bind to an epitope on the ECL2 loop of human TM4SF1. Methods of use of said antibodies and fragments are also described, including for the inhibition of metastasis.1-127. (canceled) 128. An anti-TM4SF1 binding protein comprising:
a heavy chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 8, 20, 32, 44, 56, 68, 80, 96, 118, 119, 120, or 121; a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 7, 19, 31, 43, 55, 67, 79, 95, 116, or 117; and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 6, 18, 30, 42, 54, 66, 78, 94, or 115; and a light chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 14, 26, 38, 50, 62, 74, 86, 110, or 129; a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 13, 25, 37, 49, 61, 73, 85, or 109, or 128; and a CDR1 comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 107, 108, 124, 125, 126, or 127. 129. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, wherein
the heavy chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 8, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 7, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 6; and wherein the light chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 14, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 13, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 12. 130. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, wherein
the heavy chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 20, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 19, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 18; and wherein the light chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 26, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 25, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 24. 131. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, wherein
the heavy chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 32, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 31, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 30; and wherein the light-chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 38, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 37, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 36. 132. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, wherein
the heavy chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 44, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 43, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 42; and the light chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 50, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 49, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 48. 133. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, wherein
the heavy chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 56, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 55, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 54; and wherein the light chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 62, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 61, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 60. 134. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, wherein
the heavy chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 68, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 67, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 66; and wherein the light chain variable domain comprising a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 74, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 73, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 72. 135. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, wherein
the heavy chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 80, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 79, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 78; and wherein the light chain variable domain comprises a CDR3 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 86, a CDR2 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 85, and a CDR1 domain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to SEQ ID NO: 84. 136. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, comprising
a heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to a sequence selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NOs: 3, 15, 27, 39, 51, 63, 75, 90, 92, 112, 114, 130, and 132, and a light chain comprising an amino acid sequence that has at least 75% identity to a sequence selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NOs: 9, 21, 33, 45, 57, 69, 81, 97, 99, 101, 103, 105, 122, 131, and 133. 137. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, comprising a heavy chain comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NOs: 90, 92, 130 and 132; and a light chain comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NOs: 97, 99, 101, 103, 105, 131, and 133. 138. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, wherein the binding protein comprises an Fc region comprising a mutation at position N297. 139. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, comprising an antigen-binding fragment of an anti-TM4SF1 antibody, wherein the antigen-binding fragment comprises a Fab, a Fab′, a F(ab′)2, an Fv, or an scFv. 140. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, wherein the binding of the protein to human TM4SF1 is not dependent on glycosylation of the ECL2 loop of human TM4SF1, wherein the human TM4SF1 comprises a sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 134. 141. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, wherein the protein binds to a cynomolgus TM4SF1 with a KD about 1×10−8 M or less in a standard flow cytometry assay using HEK293 overexpressing cells. 142. The anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128, wherein the protein binds to human TM4SF1 with a KD of about 1×10−9 M or less in a standard flow cytometry assay using HUVEC cells. 143. A method of treating disease or disorder in a subject, wherein the disease or disorder is characterized by abnormal endothelial cell (EC)-cell interaction, said method comprising administering to the subject the anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128. 144. The method of claim 143, wherein the EC-cell interaction comprises one or more of EC-mesenchymal stem cell, EC-fibroblast, EC-smooth muscle cell, EC-tumor cell, EC-leukocyte, EC-adipose cell, and EC-neuronal cell interactions. 145. The method of claim 143, wherein the disease or disorder comprises an inflammatory disease or a cancer. 146. A antibody drug conjugate comprising:
i) an antigen binding protein comprising the anti-TM4SF1 binding protein of claim 128; and ii) a therapeutic molecule. 147. The antibody drug conjugate of claim 146, wherein the therapeutic molecule is selected from a group consisting of a cytotoxic agent, a chemotherapeutic agent, a protein, a peptide, an antibody, a growth inhibitory agent, an anti-hormonal agent, or a combination thereof. | 1,700 |
345,149 | 16,643,078 | 1,711 | A cardiac device comprises a memory (10) arranged for receiving haemodynamic data, and a computer (8) arranged for applying a cardiovascular model comprising a cardiac model and an arterial and venous blood circulation model using the data received in the memory (10), and for extracting therefrom at least one cardiac activity indicator (CI). | 1. Cardiac device for real-time cardiovascular monitoring carried out in anaesthesia and intensive care characterised in that the device comprises a memory arranged for receiving haemodynamic data, and a computer arranged for applying a cardiovascular model comprising a cardiac model and an arterial and venous blood circulation model based on the data received in the memory, and for deriving therefrom at least one cardiac activity indicator (CI). 2. Device according to claim 1, wherein the computer is arranged for computing a cardiac activity indicator (CI), by applying a cardiovascular model to compute an arterial pressure value and a cardiac output value that are theoretical, and by applying at least one correction function based on the difference between the arterial pressure value and a cardiac output value that are theoretical and haemodynamic data received in the memory. 3. Device according to claim 2, wherein the computer is arranged for applying at least one Kalman filter or a combination of a Kalman filter with a Luenberger observer in said at least one correction function. 4. Device according to claim 1, wherein the computer is further arranged for applying the arterial and venous blood circulation model with a pharmacological model. 5. Cardiac monitoring method for real-time cardiovascular monitoring carried out in anaesthesia and intensive care comprising:
receiving haemodynamic data, applying a cardiovascular model comprising a cardiac model and an arterial and venous blood circulation model to the haemodynamic data, and deriving therefrom at least one cardiac activity indicator (CI). | A cardiac device comprises a memory (10) arranged for receiving haemodynamic data, and a computer (8) arranged for applying a cardiovascular model comprising a cardiac model and an arterial and venous blood circulation model using the data received in the memory (10), and for extracting therefrom at least one cardiac activity indicator (CI).1. Cardiac device for real-time cardiovascular monitoring carried out in anaesthesia and intensive care characterised in that the device comprises a memory arranged for receiving haemodynamic data, and a computer arranged for applying a cardiovascular model comprising a cardiac model and an arterial and venous blood circulation model based on the data received in the memory, and for deriving therefrom at least one cardiac activity indicator (CI). 2. Device according to claim 1, wherein the computer is arranged for computing a cardiac activity indicator (CI), by applying a cardiovascular model to compute an arterial pressure value and a cardiac output value that are theoretical, and by applying at least one correction function based on the difference between the arterial pressure value and a cardiac output value that are theoretical and haemodynamic data received in the memory. 3. Device according to claim 2, wherein the computer is arranged for applying at least one Kalman filter or a combination of a Kalman filter with a Luenberger observer in said at least one correction function. 4. Device according to claim 1, wherein the computer is further arranged for applying the arterial and venous blood circulation model with a pharmacological model. 5. Cardiac monitoring method for real-time cardiovascular monitoring carried out in anaesthesia and intensive care comprising:
receiving haemodynamic data, applying a cardiovascular model comprising a cardiac model and an arterial and venous blood circulation model to the haemodynamic data, and deriving therefrom at least one cardiac activity indicator (CI). | 1,700 |
345,150 | 16,643,059 | 1,711 | A shift register includes a first input sub-circuit, a first output sub-circuit, and a second output sub-circuit. The first input sub-circuit is connected to a first input terminal, a pull-up node, and a first control terminal, and the first input sub-circuit is configured to output a voltage of the first control terminal to the pull-up node under control of a voltage of the first input terminal. The first output sub-circuit is connected to the pull-up node, a clock signal terminal, and an output terminal, and the first output sub-circuit is configured to output a first level of the clock signal terminal to the output terminal under control of a voltage of the pull-up node. The second output sub-circuit is connected to the output terminal, a second output control terminal, and a first voltage terminal, and the second output sub-circuit is configured to output a voltage of the first voltage terminal to the output terminal under control of a voltage of the second output control terminal. | 1. A shift register, comprising a first input sub-circuit, a first output sub-circuit, and a second output sub-circuit, wherein
the first input sub-circuit is connected to a first input terminal, a pull-up node, and a first control terminal, and the first input sub-circuit is configured to output a voltage of the first control terminal to the pull-up node under control of a voltage of the first input terminal; the first output sub-circuit is connected to the pull-up node, a clock signal terminal, and an output terminal, and the first output sub-circuit is configured to output a first level of the clock signal terminal to the output terminal under control of a voltage of the pull-up node; the second output sub-circuit is connected to the output terminal, a second output control terminal, and a first voltage terminal, and the second output sub-circuit is configured to output a voltage of the first voltage terminal to the output terminal under control of a voltage of the second output control terminal. 2. The shift register according to claim 1, wherein the second output sub-circuit includes a first transistor;
a gate of the first transistor is connected to the second output control terminal, a first electrode of the first transistor is connected to the output terminal, and a second electrode of the first transistor is connected to the first voltage terminal. 3. The shift register according to claim 2, wherein the second output sub-circuit is further connected to the pull-up node;
the second output sub-circuit further includes a second transistor; a gate of the second transistor is connected to the second output control terminal, a first electrode of the second transistor is connected to the pull-up node, and a second electrode of the second transistor is connected to the first voltage terminal. 4. The shift register according to claim 1, wherein the first input sub-circuit includes a third transistor;
a gate of the third transistor is connected to the first input terminal, a first electrode of the third transistor is connected to the first control terminal, and a second electrode of the third transistor is connected to the pull-up node. 5. The shift register according to claim 1, wherein the first output sub-circuit includes a fourth transistor and a first capacitor;
a gate of the fourth transistor is connected to the pull-up node, a first electrode of the fourth transistor is connected to the clock signal terminal, and a second electrode of the fourth transistor is connected to the output terminal; a first electrode of the first capacitor is connected to the pull-up node, and a second electrode of the first capacitor is connected to the output terminal; a width-to-length ratio of the first transistor is greater than a width-to-length ratio of the fourth transistor. 6. The shift register according to claim 1, the shift register further comprising a pull-down control sub-circuit and a pull-down sub-circuit;
the pull-down control sub-circuit is connected to the pull-up node, a second voltage terminal, a third voltage terminal, and a pull-down node; the pull-down control sub-circuit is configured to output a voltage of the third voltage terminal to the pull-down node under control of the voltage of the pull-up node; and the pull-down control sub-circuit is further configured to output a voltage of the second voltage terminal to the pull-down node under control of the voltage of the second voltage terminal; the pull-down sub-circuit is connected to the pull-down node, the pull-up node, the third voltage terminal, and the output terminal; and the pull-down sub-circuit is configured to pull down potentials at the pull-up node and at the output terminal to the voltage of the third voltage terminal under control of a voltage of the pull-down node. 7. The shift register according to claim 1, the shift register further comprising a second input sub-circuit;
the second input sub-circuit is connected to a second input terminal, the pull-up node, and a second control terminal; and the second input sub-circuit is configured to output a voltage of the second control terminal to the pull-up node under control of a voltage of the second input terminal. 8. The shift register according to claim 7, wherein the second input sub-circuit includes an eleventh transistor;
a gate of the eleventh transistor is connected to the second input terminal, a first electrode of the eleventh transistor is connected to the pull-up node, and a second electrode of the eleventh transistor is connected to the second control terminal. 9. (canceled) 10. A driving method for the shift register according to claim 1, the driving method comprising:
in an input period, outputting, by the first input sub-circuit, the voltage of the first control terminal to the pull-up node under control of the voltage of the first input terminal; in a first output period, outputting, by the first output sub-circuit, the first level of the clock signal terminal to the output terminal under control of the voltage of the pull-up node; and in a second output period, outputting, by the second output sub-circuit, the voltage of the first voltage terminal to the output terminal under control of the voltage of the second output control terminal, wherein an absolute value of the voltage of the first voltage terminal is less than an absolute value of the first level of the clock signal terminal. 11. A gate driving circuit, comprising a plurality of shift registers according to claim 1 connected in cascade, wherein
a first input terminal of a first-stage shift register is connected to a start signal terminal; and
an output terminal of a previous-stage shift register except for the first-stage shift register is connected to a first input terminal of a next-stage shift register. 12. The gate driving circuit according to claim 11, wherein each shift register includes a second input sub-circuit,
a second input terminal of a shift register in each stage except for a last-stage shift register is connected to an output terminal of a next-stage shift register; and a second input terminal of the last-stage shift register is connected to a second signal terminal. 13. A display device, comprising the gate driving circuit according to claim 11. 14. The shift register according to claim 6, wherein the pull-down control sub-circuit includes a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor, a seventh transistor and an eighth transistor;
a gate and a first electrode of the fifth transistor is connected to the second voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the fifth transistor is connected to a first electrode of the seventh transistor; a gate of the sixth transistor is connected to the pull-up node, a first electrode of the sixth transistor is connected to the second voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the sixth transistor is connected to the pull-down node; a gate of the seventh transistor is connected to the pull-up node, and a second electrode of the seventh transistor is connected to the third voltage terminal; a gate of the eighth transistor is connected to the pull-up node, a first electrode of the eighth transistor is connected to the pull-down node, and a second electrode of the eighth transistor is connected to the third voltage terminal. 15. The shift register according to claim 6, wherein the pull-down sub-circuit includes a ninth transistor and a tenth transistor;
a gate of the ninth transistor is connected to the pull-down node, a first electrode of the ninth transistor is connected to the pull-up node, and a second electrode of the ninth transistor is connected to the third voltage terminal; a gate of the ninth transistor is connected to the pull-down node, a first electrode of the ninth transistor is connected to the output terminal, and a second electrode of the ninth transistor is connected to the third voltage terminal. | A shift register includes a first input sub-circuit, a first output sub-circuit, and a second output sub-circuit. The first input sub-circuit is connected to a first input terminal, a pull-up node, and a first control terminal, and the first input sub-circuit is configured to output a voltage of the first control terminal to the pull-up node under control of a voltage of the first input terminal. The first output sub-circuit is connected to the pull-up node, a clock signal terminal, and an output terminal, and the first output sub-circuit is configured to output a first level of the clock signal terminal to the output terminal under control of a voltage of the pull-up node. The second output sub-circuit is connected to the output terminal, a second output control terminal, and a first voltage terminal, and the second output sub-circuit is configured to output a voltage of the first voltage terminal to the output terminal under control of a voltage of the second output control terminal.1. A shift register, comprising a first input sub-circuit, a first output sub-circuit, and a second output sub-circuit, wherein
the first input sub-circuit is connected to a first input terminal, a pull-up node, and a first control terminal, and the first input sub-circuit is configured to output a voltage of the first control terminal to the pull-up node under control of a voltage of the first input terminal; the first output sub-circuit is connected to the pull-up node, a clock signal terminal, and an output terminal, and the first output sub-circuit is configured to output a first level of the clock signal terminal to the output terminal under control of a voltage of the pull-up node; the second output sub-circuit is connected to the output terminal, a second output control terminal, and a first voltage terminal, and the second output sub-circuit is configured to output a voltage of the first voltage terminal to the output terminal under control of a voltage of the second output control terminal. 2. The shift register according to claim 1, wherein the second output sub-circuit includes a first transistor;
a gate of the first transistor is connected to the second output control terminal, a first electrode of the first transistor is connected to the output terminal, and a second electrode of the first transistor is connected to the first voltage terminal. 3. The shift register according to claim 2, wherein the second output sub-circuit is further connected to the pull-up node;
the second output sub-circuit further includes a second transistor; a gate of the second transistor is connected to the second output control terminal, a first electrode of the second transistor is connected to the pull-up node, and a second electrode of the second transistor is connected to the first voltage terminal. 4. The shift register according to claim 1, wherein the first input sub-circuit includes a third transistor;
a gate of the third transistor is connected to the first input terminal, a first electrode of the third transistor is connected to the first control terminal, and a second electrode of the third transistor is connected to the pull-up node. 5. The shift register according to claim 1, wherein the first output sub-circuit includes a fourth transistor and a first capacitor;
a gate of the fourth transistor is connected to the pull-up node, a first electrode of the fourth transistor is connected to the clock signal terminal, and a second electrode of the fourth transistor is connected to the output terminal; a first electrode of the first capacitor is connected to the pull-up node, and a second electrode of the first capacitor is connected to the output terminal; a width-to-length ratio of the first transistor is greater than a width-to-length ratio of the fourth transistor. 6. The shift register according to claim 1, the shift register further comprising a pull-down control sub-circuit and a pull-down sub-circuit;
the pull-down control sub-circuit is connected to the pull-up node, a second voltage terminal, a third voltage terminal, and a pull-down node; the pull-down control sub-circuit is configured to output a voltage of the third voltage terminal to the pull-down node under control of the voltage of the pull-up node; and the pull-down control sub-circuit is further configured to output a voltage of the second voltage terminal to the pull-down node under control of the voltage of the second voltage terminal; the pull-down sub-circuit is connected to the pull-down node, the pull-up node, the third voltage terminal, and the output terminal; and the pull-down sub-circuit is configured to pull down potentials at the pull-up node and at the output terminal to the voltage of the third voltage terminal under control of a voltage of the pull-down node. 7. The shift register according to claim 1, the shift register further comprising a second input sub-circuit;
the second input sub-circuit is connected to a second input terminal, the pull-up node, and a second control terminal; and the second input sub-circuit is configured to output a voltage of the second control terminal to the pull-up node under control of a voltage of the second input terminal. 8. The shift register according to claim 7, wherein the second input sub-circuit includes an eleventh transistor;
a gate of the eleventh transistor is connected to the second input terminal, a first electrode of the eleventh transistor is connected to the pull-up node, and a second electrode of the eleventh transistor is connected to the second control terminal. 9. (canceled) 10. A driving method for the shift register according to claim 1, the driving method comprising:
in an input period, outputting, by the first input sub-circuit, the voltage of the first control terminal to the pull-up node under control of the voltage of the first input terminal; in a first output period, outputting, by the first output sub-circuit, the first level of the clock signal terminal to the output terminal under control of the voltage of the pull-up node; and in a second output period, outputting, by the second output sub-circuit, the voltage of the first voltage terminal to the output terminal under control of the voltage of the second output control terminal, wherein an absolute value of the voltage of the first voltage terminal is less than an absolute value of the first level of the clock signal terminal. 11. A gate driving circuit, comprising a plurality of shift registers according to claim 1 connected in cascade, wherein
a first input terminal of a first-stage shift register is connected to a start signal terminal; and
an output terminal of a previous-stage shift register except for the first-stage shift register is connected to a first input terminal of a next-stage shift register. 12. The gate driving circuit according to claim 11, wherein each shift register includes a second input sub-circuit,
a second input terminal of a shift register in each stage except for a last-stage shift register is connected to an output terminal of a next-stage shift register; and a second input terminal of the last-stage shift register is connected to a second signal terminal. 13. A display device, comprising the gate driving circuit according to claim 11. 14. The shift register according to claim 6, wherein the pull-down control sub-circuit includes a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor, a seventh transistor and an eighth transistor;
a gate and a first electrode of the fifth transistor is connected to the second voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the fifth transistor is connected to a first electrode of the seventh transistor; a gate of the sixth transistor is connected to the pull-up node, a first electrode of the sixth transistor is connected to the second voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the sixth transistor is connected to the pull-down node; a gate of the seventh transistor is connected to the pull-up node, and a second electrode of the seventh transistor is connected to the third voltage terminal; a gate of the eighth transistor is connected to the pull-up node, a first electrode of the eighth transistor is connected to the pull-down node, and a second electrode of the eighth transistor is connected to the third voltage terminal. 15. The shift register according to claim 6, wherein the pull-down sub-circuit includes a ninth transistor and a tenth transistor;
a gate of the ninth transistor is connected to the pull-down node, a first electrode of the ninth transistor is connected to the pull-up node, and a second electrode of the ninth transistor is connected to the third voltage terminal; a gate of the ninth transistor is connected to the pull-down node, a first electrode of the ninth transistor is connected to the output terminal, and a second electrode of the ninth transistor is connected to the third voltage terminal. | 1,700 |
345,151 | 16,643,063 | 1,711 | A robot hand according to an embodiment of the present technology includes a finger unit and a guide member. The finger unit is capable of holding a flexible linear member such that the linear member is slidable in a longitudinal direction of the linear member, the linear member being a linear member whose one end is fixed. The guide member is mounted on the finger unit, and includes a guide section that guides the linear member to a predetermined position. | 1. A robot hand comprising:
a finger unit that is capable of holding a flexible linear member such that the linear member is slidable in a longitudinal direction of the linear member, the linear member being a linear member whose one end is fixed; and a guide member that is mounted on the finger unit, and includes a guide section that guides the linear member to a predetermined position. 2. The robot hand according to claim 1, further comprising an elastic member that is mounted between the finger unit and the guide member. 3. The robot hand according to claim 2, further comprising:
a sensor that detects a deformation amount of the elastic member; and a control section that outputs a control signal to the finger unit according to an output from the sensor, the control signal controlling a holding force of the finger unit with respect to the linear member. 4. The robot hand according to claim 2, wherein the elastic member is formed of a plate spring. 5. The robot hand according to claim 2, further comprising a slide unit that supports the elastic member, and is capable of changing a relative distance between the finger unit and the guide member. 6. A robot apparatus comprising:
a robot arm; a finger unit that is mounted on the robot arm, and is capable of holding a flexible linear member such that the linear member is slidable in a longitudinal direction of the linear member, the linear member being a linear member whose one end is fixed; a guide member that is mounted on the finger unit, and includes a guide section that guides the linear member to a predetermined position; and a control section that outputs a control signal to the finger unit according to a movement direction of the guide member, the control signal controlling a holding force of the finger unit with respect to the linear member. 7. A method of producing an electronic apparatus that includes a flexible linear member whose one end is fixed, and a plurality of hooking sections that is provided along a wiring route of the linear member to hook the linear member, the method comprising:
holding the linear member using a finger unit of a robot hand; bringing a portion of the linear member into contact with a surface of the electronic apparatus, the portion of the linear member being supported by a guide member of the robot hand; adjusting a holding force of the finger unit to a first holding force with which the linear member is slidable in a longitudinal direction of the linear member, and moving the guide member while feeding the linear member; and adjusting the holding force of the finger unit to a second holding force that is stronger than the first holding force, and moving the guide member in a direction in which the linear member is hooked on a hooking section. | A robot hand according to an embodiment of the present technology includes a finger unit and a guide member. The finger unit is capable of holding a flexible linear member such that the linear member is slidable in a longitudinal direction of the linear member, the linear member being a linear member whose one end is fixed. The guide member is mounted on the finger unit, and includes a guide section that guides the linear member to a predetermined position.1. A robot hand comprising:
a finger unit that is capable of holding a flexible linear member such that the linear member is slidable in a longitudinal direction of the linear member, the linear member being a linear member whose one end is fixed; and a guide member that is mounted on the finger unit, and includes a guide section that guides the linear member to a predetermined position. 2. The robot hand according to claim 1, further comprising an elastic member that is mounted between the finger unit and the guide member. 3. The robot hand according to claim 2, further comprising:
a sensor that detects a deformation amount of the elastic member; and a control section that outputs a control signal to the finger unit according to an output from the sensor, the control signal controlling a holding force of the finger unit with respect to the linear member. 4. The robot hand according to claim 2, wherein the elastic member is formed of a plate spring. 5. The robot hand according to claim 2, further comprising a slide unit that supports the elastic member, and is capable of changing a relative distance between the finger unit and the guide member. 6. A robot apparatus comprising:
a robot arm; a finger unit that is mounted on the robot arm, and is capable of holding a flexible linear member such that the linear member is slidable in a longitudinal direction of the linear member, the linear member being a linear member whose one end is fixed; a guide member that is mounted on the finger unit, and includes a guide section that guides the linear member to a predetermined position; and a control section that outputs a control signal to the finger unit according to a movement direction of the guide member, the control signal controlling a holding force of the finger unit with respect to the linear member. 7. A method of producing an electronic apparatus that includes a flexible linear member whose one end is fixed, and a plurality of hooking sections that is provided along a wiring route of the linear member to hook the linear member, the method comprising:
holding the linear member using a finger unit of a robot hand; bringing a portion of the linear member into contact with a surface of the electronic apparatus, the portion of the linear member being supported by a guide member of the robot hand; adjusting a holding force of the finger unit to a first holding force with which the linear member is slidable in a longitudinal direction of the linear member, and moving the guide member while feeding the linear member; and adjusting the holding force of the finger unit to a second holding force that is stronger than the first holding force, and moving the guide member in a direction in which the linear member is hooked on a hooking section. | 1,700 |
345,152 | 16,643,072 | 1,711 | An absorbing apparatus includes a shock-absorbing unit that includes a front plate, a rear plate and a shock-absorbing core arranged between the front plate and the rear plate. The apparatus also includes a base connected to the rear plate of the shock-absorbing unit and having a rear plate, and a side shield surrounding at least partially the shock-absorbing core. One end of the side shield is connected to the front plate or the rear plate of the shock-absorbing unit, while the other end of the side shield is spaced-apart from the other of the front plate or the rear plate of the shock-absorbing unit. The base includes an energy absorbing element connected to the rear plate of the shock-absorbing unit and mounted in the rear plate of the base, while the rear plate of the base includes a cutting unit for cutting a surface of the energy absorbing element. | 1. An absorbing apparatus comprising:
a shock-absorbing unit, which comprises a front plate, a rear plate and a shock-absorbing core arranged between the front plate and the rear plate; a base connected to the rear plate of the shock-absorbing unit and having a rear plate; and a side shield surrounding at least partially a shock-absorbing core, one end of the side shield being connected to one of the front plate and the rear plate of the shock-absorbing unit, the other end of the side shield being spaced-apart from the other of the front plate and the rear plate of the shock-absorbing unit, wherein: the base further comprises an energy absorbing element, which is connected to the rear plate of the shock-absorbing unit and which is mounted in the rear plate of the base, the rear plate of the base comprising a cutting unit for cutting a surface of the energy absorbing element. 2. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cutting unit comprises cutting knives. 3. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cutting unit comprises 2 to 100 cutting knives. 4. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cutting unit comprises a cutting ring. 5. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cutting unit is located outside the energy absorbing element. 6. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the energy absorbing element is a hollow element and the cutting unit is located inside the energy absorbing element. 7. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the energy absorbing element comprises a step in which the cutting unit is arranged. 8. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein a gap is provided between the energy absorbing element and the cutting unit in a longitudinal direction of the absorbing apparatus. 9. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cutting unit is in a rest state in contact with the energy absorbing element. 10. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a slit is provided between the energy absorbing element and the cutting unit in a transverse direction of the absorbing apparatus, whereby the cutting unit is not in a rest state in contact with the energy absorbing element. 11. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the shock-absorbing core comprises a plurality of resilient cushions and a plurality of spacers arranged between the resilient cushions. 12. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising friction reducing elements arranged on the rear plate of the shock-absorbing unit and reducing friction between the absorbing apparatus and a vehicle structure or a coupler chamber. 13. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the side shield comprises at least two separate plates. 14. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the side shield is in the form of a uniform sleeve. 15. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a safety element arranged between the rear plate of the base and the energy absorbing element and connected to the rear plate and the base of the energy absorbing element. 16. An absorbing apparatus comprising:
a shock-absorbing unit comprising a front plate, a first rear plate, and a shock-absorbing core arranged between the front plate and the first rear plate, wherein the front plate is configured to cooperate with a coupler head and a front abutment of a coupler chamber of a vehicle and comprises a mandrel that protrudes from a surface of the front plate facing the first rear plate and extends through a central hole in the first rear plate; a base connected to the first rear plate, the base comprising a second rear plate and an energy absorbing element connected to the first rear plate and mounted in the second rear plate, the second rear plate comprising a cutting unit to cut a surface of the energy absorbing element; and a side shield configured to surround at least partially the shock-absorbing core, one end of the side shield connected to the front plate or the first rear plate, the other end of the side shield spaced-apart from the other of the front plate or the first rear plate. 17. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 16, further comprising:
a plurality of resilient cushions and a plurality of spacers arranged on the mandrel through respective through-holes; and a plurality of securing elements coupled to the first rear plate and configured to secure the plurality of resilient cushions, the plurality of spacers, and the first rear plate such that the shock-absorbing core is superimposed on the mandrel. 18. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the mandrel is configured to act as a guiding element and to maintain an operational direction of the absorbing apparatus. 19. An absorbing apparatus comprising:
a shock-absorbing unit comprising a front plate, a first rear plate, and a shock-absorbing core arranged between the front plate and the first rear plate; a base connected to the first rear plate, the base comprising a second rear plate and an energy absorbing element connected to the first rear plate and mounted in the second rear plate, the second rear plate comprising a cutting ring to cut a surface of the energy absorbing element; and a side shield configured to surround at least partially the shock-absorbing core, one end of the side shield connected to the front plate or the first rear plate, the other end of the side shield spaced-apart from the other of the front plate or the first rear plate. 20. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the cutting ring is located outside the energy absorbing element or on a step portion of the energy absorbing element. | An absorbing apparatus includes a shock-absorbing unit that includes a front plate, a rear plate and a shock-absorbing core arranged between the front plate and the rear plate. The apparatus also includes a base connected to the rear plate of the shock-absorbing unit and having a rear plate, and a side shield surrounding at least partially the shock-absorbing core. One end of the side shield is connected to the front plate or the rear plate of the shock-absorbing unit, while the other end of the side shield is spaced-apart from the other of the front plate or the rear plate of the shock-absorbing unit. The base includes an energy absorbing element connected to the rear plate of the shock-absorbing unit and mounted in the rear plate of the base, while the rear plate of the base includes a cutting unit for cutting a surface of the energy absorbing element.1. An absorbing apparatus comprising:
a shock-absorbing unit, which comprises a front plate, a rear plate and a shock-absorbing core arranged between the front plate and the rear plate; a base connected to the rear plate of the shock-absorbing unit and having a rear plate; and a side shield surrounding at least partially a shock-absorbing core, one end of the side shield being connected to one of the front plate and the rear plate of the shock-absorbing unit, the other end of the side shield being spaced-apart from the other of the front plate and the rear plate of the shock-absorbing unit, wherein: the base further comprises an energy absorbing element, which is connected to the rear plate of the shock-absorbing unit and which is mounted in the rear plate of the base, the rear plate of the base comprising a cutting unit for cutting a surface of the energy absorbing element. 2. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cutting unit comprises cutting knives. 3. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cutting unit comprises 2 to 100 cutting knives. 4. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cutting unit comprises a cutting ring. 5. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cutting unit is located outside the energy absorbing element. 6. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the energy absorbing element is a hollow element and the cutting unit is located inside the energy absorbing element. 7. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the energy absorbing element comprises a step in which the cutting unit is arranged. 8. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein a gap is provided between the energy absorbing element and the cutting unit in a longitudinal direction of the absorbing apparatus. 9. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cutting unit is in a rest state in contact with the energy absorbing element. 10. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a slit is provided between the energy absorbing element and the cutting unit in a transverse direction of the absorbing apparatus, whereby the cutting unit is not in a rest state in contact with the energy absorbing element. 11. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the shock-absorbing core comprises a plurality of resilient cushions and a plurality of spacers arranged between the resilient cushions. 12. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising friction reducing elements arranged on the rear plate of the shock-absorbing unit and reducing friction between the absorbing apparatus and a vehicle structure or a coupler chamber. 13. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the side shield comprises at least two separate plates. 14. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the side shield is in the form of a uniform sleeve. 15. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a safety element arranged between the rear plate of the base and the energy absorbing element and connected to the rear plate and the base of the energy absorbing element. 16. An absorbing apparatus comprising:
a shock-absorbing unit comprising a front plate, a first rear plate, and a shock-absorbing core arranged between the front plate and the first rear plate, wherein the front plate is configured to cooperate with a coupler head and a front abutment of a coupler chamber of a vehicle and comprises a mandrel that protrudes from a surface of the front plate facing the first rear plate and extends through a central hole in the first rear plate; a base connected to the first rear plate, the base comprising a second rear plate and an energy absorbing element connected to the first rear plate and mounted in the second rear plate, the second rear plate comprising a cutting unit to cut a surface of the energy absorbing element; and a side shield configured to surround at least partially the shock-absorbing core, one end of the side shield connected to the front plate or the first rear plate, the other end of the side shield spaced-apart from the other of the front plate or the first rear plate. 17. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 16, further comprising:
a plurality of resilient cushions and a plurality of spacers arranged on the mandrel through respective through-holes; and a plurality of securing elements coupled to the first rear plate and configured to secure the plurality of resilient cushions, the plurality of spacers, and the first rear plate such that the shock-absorbing core is superimposed on the mandrel. 18. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the mandrel is configured to act as a guiding element and to maintain an operational direction of the absorbing apparatus. 19. An absorbing apparatus comprising:
a shock-absorbing unit comprising a front plate, a first rear plate, and a shock-absorbing core arranged between the front plate and the first rear plate; a base connected to the first rear plate, the base comprising a second rear plate and an energy absorbing element connected to the first rear plate and mounted in the second rear plate, the second rear plate comprising a cutting ring to cut a surface of the energy absorbing element; and a side shield configured to surround at least partially the shock-absorbing core, one end of the side shield connected to the front plate or the first rear plate, the other end of the side shield spaced-apart from the other of the front plate or the first rear plate. 20. The absorbing apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the cutting ring is located outside the energy absorbing element or on a step portion of the energy absorbing element. | 1,700 |
345,153 | 16,643,032 | 1,711 | A film for a light emitting device which is useful for producing a light emitting device having excellent luminance life is described. The film contains a cross-linked body of a crosslinkable material having a crosslinking group in an amount of 0.015 mmol/g to 0.05 mmol/g. A light emitting device containing the film is also described. A method for analyzing a crosslinking group in a film for a light emitting device involves: (1) a step of swelling the above-described film for a light emitting device with a solvent, and (2) a step of measuring a crosslinking group of the swollen film for a light emitting device using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. | 1. A film for light emitting device comprising a cross-linked body having a crosslinking group, wherein said cross-linked body having a crosslinking group is a cross-linked body of a crosslinkable material having a crosslinking group and the amount of said crosslinking group contained in the film for light emitting device is 0.015 mmol/g to 0.05 mmol/g. 2. The film for light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein said crosslinkable material is a low molecular weight compound having at least one crosslinking group selected from Group A of crosslinking group or a polymer compound containing a constitutional unit having at least one crosslinking group selected from Group A of crosslinking group:
(Group A of crosslinking group) 3. The film for light emitting device according to claim 2, wherein said crosslinkable material is said polymer compound containing a constitutional unit having at least one crosslinking group selected from Group A of crosslinking group, and said constitutional unit is a constitutional unit represented by the formula (Z) or a constitutional unit represented by the formula (Z′): 4. The film for light emitting device according to claim 2, wherein said crosslinkable material is a low molecular weight compound represented by the formula (Z″): 5. The film for light emitting device according to claim 2, wherein said crosslinking group includes a crosslinking group represented by said formula (XL-1), said formula (XL-16), said formula (XL-17), said formula (XL-18) or said formula (XL-19). 6. The film for light emitting device according to claim 1, further comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of a hole transporting material, a hole injection material, an electron transporting material, an electron injection material, a light emitting material and an antioxidant. 7. A light emitting device having an anode, a cathode and an organic layer, wherein said organic layer is disposed between said anode and said cathode, and said organic layer is the film for light emitting device according to claim 1. 8. A method for analyzing a crosslinking group in a film for light emitting device, comprising
(1) a step of swelling said film for light emitting device with a solvent, and (2) a step of measuring a crosslinking group of the swollen film for light emitting device using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. | A film for a light emitting device which is useful for producing a light emitting device having excellent luminance life is described. The film contains a cross-linked body of a crosslinkable material having a crosslinking group in an amount of 0.015 mmol/g to 0.05 mmol/g. A light emitting device containing the film is also described. A method for analyzing a crosslinking group in a film for a light emitting device involves: (1) a step of swelling the above-described film for a light emitting device with a solvent, and (2) a step of measuring a crosslinking group of the swollen film for a light emitting device using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.1. A film for light emitting device comprising a cross-linked body having a crosslinking group, wherein said cross-linked body having a crosslinking group is a cross-linked body of a crosslinkable material having a crosslinking group and the amount of said crosslinking group contained in the film for light emitting device is 0.015 mmol/g to 0.05 mmol/g. 2. The film for light emitting device according to claim 1, wherein said crosslinkable material is a low molecular weight compound having at least one crosslinking group selected from Group A of crosslinking group or a polymer compound containing a constitutional unit having at least one crosslinking group selected from Group A of crosslinking group:
(Group A of crosslinking group) 3. The film for light emitting device according to claim 2, wherein said crosslinkable material is said polymer compound containing a constitutional unit having at least one crosslinking group selected from Group A of crosslinking group, and said constitutional unit is a constitutional unit represented by the formula (Z) or a constitutional unit represented by the formula (Z′): 4. The film for light emitting device according to claim 2, wherein said crosslinkable material is a low molecular weight compound represented by the formula (Z″): 5. The film for light emitting device according to claim 2, wherein said crosslinking group includes a crosslinking group represented by said formula (XL-1), said formula (XL-16), said formula (XL-17), said formula (XL-18) or said formula (XL-19). 6. The film for light emitting device according to claim 1, further comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of a hole transporting material, a hole injection material, an electron transporting material, an electron injection material, a light emitting material and an antioxidant. 7. A light emitting device having an anode, a cathode and an organic layer, wherein said organic layer is disposed between said anode and said cathode, and said organic layer is the film for light emitting device according to claim 1. 8. A method for analyzing a crosslinking group in a film for light emitting device, comprising
(1) a step of swelling said film for light emitting device with a solvent, and (2) a step of measuring a crosslinking group of the swollen film for light emitting device using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. | 1,700 |
345,154 | 16,643,043 | 1,711 | In various aspects and embodiments, the invention provides a method of determining breast cancer status of a subject, the method comprising determining a methylation state for each of a plurality of cytosine-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) sites in a sample obtained from the subject, calculating a cancer presence differential methylation level and an invasiveness differential methylation level based on the methylation states of the plurality of CpG sites, and comparing the cancer presence differential methylation level and the invasiveness differential methylation level to a predetermined cancer status reference level and a predetermined invasiveness reference level, wherein when the cancer presence differential methylation level deviates from the predetermined cancer status reference level, the presence of breast cancer is indicated in the subject, and when the invasiveness differential methylation level deviates from the predetermined invasiveness reference level, the presence of invasive breast cancer is indicated in the subject. | 1. A method of determining breast cancer status of a subject, the method comprising:
determining a methylation state for each of a plurality of cytosine-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) sites in a sample obtained from the subject, calculating a cancer presence differential methylation level and an invasiveness differential methylation level based on the methylation states of the plurality of CpG sites, and comparing the cancer presence differential methylation level and the invasiveness differential methylation level to a predetermined cancer status reference level and a predetermined invasiveness reference level, wherein when the cancer presence differential methylation level deviates from the predetermined cancer status reference level, the presence of breast cancer is indicated in the subject, and when the invasiveness differential methylation level deviates from the predetermined invasiveness reference level, the presence of invasive breast cancer is indicated in the subject. 2. A method of detecting breast cancer in a subject, the method comprising:
determining a methylation state for each of a plurality of cytosine-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) sites in a sample obtained from the subject, calculating a cancer status differential methylation level based on the methylation states of the plurality of CpG sites, and comparing the cancer status reference differential methylation level to a predetermined reference level, wherein when the cancer status differential methylation level deviates from the predetermined reference level, the presence of breast cancer is indicated in the subject. 3. A method of determining if breast cancer in a subject is invasive, or non-invasive, the method comprising:
determining a methylation state for each of a plurality of cytosine-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) sites in a sample obtained from the subject, calculating an invasiveness differential methylation level based on the methylation states of the plurality of CpG sites, and comparing the invasiveness differential methylation level to a predetermined reference level, wherein when the differential methylation level deviates from the predetermined reference level, the breast cancer in the subject is invasive. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of CpG sites comprises at least one selected from the CpG sites listed in Table 3 or Table 15. 5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of CpG sites comprises at least five selected from the CpG sites listed in Table 21. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of CpG sites comprises at least ten selected from the CpG sites listed in Table 3 or Table 15. 7. The method according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of CpG sites comprises at least ten selected from the CpG sites listed in Table 21. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of CpG sites comprises at least m % selected from the top n most predictive CpG sites listed in Table 3 and/or Table 15, wherein:
m is selected from the group consisting of: 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, and 99; and n is selected from the group consisting of 25, 50, 100, 500 and 1,000. 9. The method according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of CpG sites comprises at least m % selected from the top n most predictive CpG sites listed in Table 21, wherein:
m is selected from the group consisting of: 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, and 99; and n is selected from the group consisting of 25, 50, 100, 500 and 1,000. 10. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
providing treatment for breast cancer to the subject when breast cancer is indicated. 11. The method of claim 8 wherein treatment for breast cancer comprises the administration of medication, radiation or surgery. 12. The method according to claim 1, wherein calculating a differential methylation level comprises adding in a linear weighted summation values based on the methylation states of the plurality of CpG sites. 13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sample is a blood sample. 14. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sample is tumor tissue. 15. The method according to claim 1, wherein the subject has or is suspected to have ductal cell in situ carcinoma. 16. The method according to claim 1, wherein the subject has or is suspected to have triple-negative breast cancer. 17. The method according to claim 1, wherein the subject has or is suspected to have hormone receptor positive (ER+PR+) breast cancer. 18. The method according to claim 1, wherein the subject has or is suspected to have HER2+ breast cancer. 19. The method according to claim 1, wherein the subject is being monitored for the local or systemic recurrence of breast cancer. 20. The method of claim 3, wherein the plurality of CpG sites comprises at least one selected from the CpG sites listed in Table 27. | In various aspects and embodiments, the invention provides a method of determining breast cancer status of a subject, the method comprising determining a methylation state for each of a plurality of cytosine-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) sites in a sample obtained from the subject, calculating a cancer presence differential methylation level and an invasiveness differential methylation level based on the methylation states of the plurality of CpG sites, and comparing the cancer presence differential methylation level and the invasiveness differential methylation level to a predetermined cancer status reference level and a predetermined invasiveness reference level, wherein when the cancer presence differential methylation level deviates from the predetermined cancer status reference level, the presence of breast cancer is indicated in the subject, and when the invasiveness differential methylation level deviates from the predetermined invasiveness reference level, the presence of invasive breast cancer is indicated in the subject.1. A method of determining breast cancer status of a subject, the method comprising:
determining a methylation state for each of a plurality of cytosine-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) sites in a sample obtained from the subject, calculating a cancer presence differential methylation level and an invasiveness differential methylation level based on the methylation states of the plurality of CpG sites, and comparing the cancer presence differential methylation level and the invasiveness differential methylation level to a predetermined cancer status reference level and a predetermined invasiveness reference level, wherein when the cancer presence differential methylation level deviates from the predetermined cancer status reference level, the presence of breast cancer is indicated in the subject, and when the invasiveness differential methylation level deviates from the predetermined invasiveness reference level, the presence of invasive breast cancer is indicated in the subject. 2. A method of detecting breast cancer in a subject, the method comprising:
determining a methylation state for each of a plurality of cytosine-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) sites in a sample obtained from the subject, calculating a cancer status differential methylation level based on the methylation states of the plurality of CpG sites, and comparing the cancer status reference differential methylation level to a predetermined reference level, wherein when the cancer status differential methylation level deviates from the predetermined reference level, the presence of breast cancer is indicated in the subject. 3. A method of determining if breast cancer in a subject is invasive, or non-invasive, the method comprising:
determining a methylation state for each of a plurality of cytosine-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) sites in a sample obtained from the subject, calculating an invasiveness differential methylation level based on the methylation states of the plurality of CpG sites, and comparing the invasiveness differential methylation level to a predetermined reference level, wherein when the differential methylation level deviates from the predetermined reference level, the breast cancer in the subject is invasive. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of CpG sites comprises at least one selected from the CpG sites listed in Table 3 or Table 15. 5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of CpG sites comprises at least five selected from the CpG sites listed in Table 21. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of CpG sites comprises at least ten selected from the CpG sites listed in Table 3 or Table 15. 7. The method according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of CpG sites comprises at least ten selected from the CpG sites listed in Table 21. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of CpG sites comprises at least m % selected from the top n most predictive CpG sites listed in Table 3 and/or Table 15, wherein:
m is selected from the group consisting of: 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, and 99; and n is selected from the group consisting of 25, 50, 100, 500 and 1,000. 9. The method according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of CpG sites comprises at least m % selected from the top n most predictive CpG sites listed in Table 21, wherein:
m is selected from the group consisting of: 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 95, and 99; and n is selected from the group consisting of 25, 50, 100, 500 and 1,000. 10. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
providing treatment for breast cancer to the subject when breast cancer is indicated. 11. The method of claim 8 wherein treatment for breast cancer comprises the administration of medication, radiation or surgery. 12. The method according to claim 1, wherein calculating a differential methylation level comprises adding in a linear weighted summation values based on the methylation states of the plurality of CpG sites. 13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sample is a blood sample. 14. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sample is tumor tissue. 15. The method according to claim 1, wherein the subject has or is suspected to have ductal cell in situ carcinoma. 16. The method according to claim 1, wherein the subject has or is suspected to have triple-negative breast cancer. 17. The method according to claim 1, wherein the subject has or is suspected to have hormone receptor positive (ER+PR+) breast cancer. 18. The method according to claim 1, wherein the subject has or is suspected to have HER2+ breast cancer. 19. The method according to claim 1, wherein the subject is being monitored for the local or systemic recurrence of breast cancer. 20. The method of claim 3, wherein the plurality of CpG sites comprises at least one selected from the CpG sites listed in Table 27. | 1,700 |
345,155 | 16,643,028 | 1,711 | A work arm of a work machine includes a box-shaped structure including multiple plate members, a pair of bosses attached to opposing plate members, and a cylindrical boss coupling member coupling the pair of bosses together. Each boss includes a boss body section having a pin insertion hole through which a coupling pin is inserted and extending in an arrangement direction of the plate members, and a flange section extending outward from an outer circumferential portion of the boss body section and joined to a corresponding one of the plate members via a first weld. The boss body section includes a cylindrical outer body portion on an outer surface side of the box-shaped structure and a cylindrical inner body portion on an inner surface side of the box-shaped structure. The boss coupling member is joined, at both axial ends thereof, to respective ends of the inner body portions via second welds. The inner body portion is configured such that an outer diameter at a flange section-side part thereof is smaller than an outer diameter at an axial end of the outer body portion. This allows improvement of fatigue life of the weld joining the boss and the plate member. | 1. A work arm of a work machine comprising:
a box-shaped structure including a plurality of plate members; a pair of bosses attached to opposing plate members among the plurality of plate members; and a boss coupling member disposed between the pair of bosses to couple the pair of bosses together, the boss coupling member having a cylindrical shape, wherein each boss of the pair of bosses includes a boss body section having a pin insertion hole through which a coupling pin is inserted, the boss body section extending in an arrangement direction of the opposing plate members, and a flange section extending outward from an outer circumferential portion of the boss body section and joined, at a tip portion of the flange section, to a corresponding one of the opposing plate members via a first weld, and the boss body section includes a first body portion positioned on an outer surface side of the box-shaped structure from a position of the flange section as a boundary, the first body portion having a cylindrical shape, and a second body portion positioned on an inner surface side of the box-shaped structure, the second body portion having a cylindrical shape, and the boss coupling member is joined, at both axial ends of the boss coupling member, to respective axial ends of the second body portions via second welds, and the second body portion is configured such that an outer diameter at a flange section-side part of the second body portion is smaller than an outer diameter at an axial end of the first body portion. 2. The work arm of the work machine according to claim 1, wherein
the second body portion is configured such that an outer diameter at the axial end of the second body portion is smaller than the outer diameter at the axial end of the first body portion. 3. The work arm of the work machine according to claim 1, wherein
the second body portion is configured such that an outer diameter at the axial end of the second body portion is same as the outer diameter at the axial end of the first body portion, the second body portion has an annular groove formed in a flange section-side part of an outer circumferential portion of the second body portion, and a diameter at a bottom portion of the groove is smaller than the outer diameter at the axial end of the first body portion. 4. The work arm of the work machine according to claim 1, wherein
the second body portion is configured such that an outer diameter at the axial end of the second body portion is larger than the outer diameter at the axial end of the first body portion, the second body portion has an annular groove formed in a flange section-side part of an outer circumferential portion of the second body portion, and a diameter at a bottom portion of the groove is smaller than the outer diameter at the axial end of the first body portion. 5. The work arm of the work machine according to claim 1, wherein
the boss body section includes: a cylindrical boss section having the pin insertion hole, the cylindrical boss section having cylindrical shape with a constant outer diameter extending in the arrangement direction of the opposing plate members; and a reinforcement member disposed on an outer circumferential portion of the cylindrical boss section, the first body portion includes an outer cylindrical portion positioned on the outer surface side of the box-shaped structure from the position of the flange section in the cylindrical boss section, and the reinforcement member fixed to an outer circumferential portion of the outer cylindrical portion, and the second body portion includes an inner cylindrical portion positioned on the inner surface side of the box-shaped structure from the position of the flange section in the cylindrical boss section. 6. The work arm of the work machine according to claim 5, wherein
the reinforcement member is an annular member and is fitted around the outer circumferential portion of the outer cylindrical portion. 7. The work arm of the work machine according to claim 6, wherein
the reinforcement member is joined to the outer cylindrical portion at an axial end of the outer cylindrical portion via a third weld. 8. The work arm of the work machine according to claim 5, wherein
the reinforcement member is an arc-like member, the reinforcement member being disposed in a direction in which a load of the coupling pin acts. 9. The work arm of the work machine according to claim 1, wherein
a ratio of the outer diameter at the flange section-side part of the second body portion to the outer diameter at the axial end of the first body portion is equal to or higher than 0.7 and lower than 1.0. 10. The work arm of the work machine according to claim 3, wherein
the groove is configured such that a cross-sectional shape of the bottom portion of the groove has a constant radius of curvature, and a ratio of the radius of curvature of the groove to a thickness of the flange section is equal to or higher than 1.5. | A work arm of a work machine includes a box-shaped structure including multiple plate members, a pair of bosses attached to opposing plate members, and a cylindrical boss coupling member coupling the pair of bosses together. Each boss includes a boss body section having a pin insertion hole through which a coupling pin is inserted and extending in an arrangement direction of the plate members, and a flange section extending outward from an outer circumferential portion of the boss body section and joined to a corresponding one of the plate members via a first weld. The boss body section includes a cylindrical outer body portion on an outer surface side of the box-shaped structure and a cylindrical inner body portion on an inner surface side of the box-shaped structure. The boss coupling member is joined, at both axial ends thereof, to respective ends of the inner body portions via second welds. The inner body portion is configured such that an outer diameter at a flange section-side part thereof is smaller than an outer diameter at an axial end of the outer body portion. This allows improvement of fatigue life of the weld joining the boss and the plate member.1. A work arm of a work machine comprising:
a box-shaped structure including a plurality of plate members; a pair of bosses attached to opposing plate members among the plurality of plate members; and a boss coupling member disposed between the pair of bosses to couple the pair of bosses together, the boss coupling member having a cylindrical shape, wherein each boss of the pair of bosses includes a boss body section having a pin insertion hole through which a coupling pin is inserted, the boss body section extending in an arrangement direction of the opposing plate members, and a flange section extending outward from an outer circumferential portion of the boss body section and joined, at a tip portion of the flange section, to a corresponding one of the opposing plate members via a first weld, and the boss body section includes a first body portion positioned on an outer surface side of the box-shaped structure from a position of the flange section as a boundary, the first body portion having a cylindrical shape, and a second body portion positioned on an inner surface side of the box-shaped structure, the second body portion having a cylindrical shape, and the boss coupling member is joined, at both axial ends of the boss coupling member, to respective axial ends of the second body portions via second welds, and the second body portion is configured such that an outer diameter at a flange section-side part of the second body portion is smaller than an outer diameter at an axial end of the first body portion. 2. The work arm of the work machine according to claim 1, wherein
the second body portion is configured such that an outer diameter at the axial end of the second body portion is smaller than the outer diameter at the axial end of the first body portion. 3. The work arm of the work machine according to claim 1, wherein
the second body portion is configured such that an outer diameter at the axial end of the second body portion is same as the outer diameter at the axial end of the first body portion, the second body portion has an annular groove formed in a flange section-side part of an outer circumferential portion of the second body portion, and a diameter at a bottom portion of the groove is smaller than the outer diameter at the axial end of the first body portion. 4. The work arm of the work machine according to claim 1, wherein
the second body portion is configured such that an outer diameter at the axial end of the second body portion is larger than the outer diameter at the axial end of the first body portion, the second body portion has an annular groove formed in a flange section-side part of an outer circumferential portion of the second body portion, and a diameter at a bottom portion of the groove is smaller than the outer diameter at the axial end of the first body portion. 5. The work arm of the work machine according to claim 1, wherein
the boss body section includes: a cylindrical boss section having the pin insertion hole, the cylindrical boss section having cylindrical shape with a constant outer diameter extending in the arrangement direction of the opposing plate members; and a reinforcement member disposed on an outer circumferential portion of the cylindrical boss section, the first body portion includes an outer cylindrical portion positioned on the outer surface side of the box-shaped structure from the position of the flange section in the cylindrical boss section, and the reinforcement member fixed to an outer circumferential portion of the outer cylindrical portion, and the second body portion includes an inner cylindrical portion positioned on the inner surface side of the box-shaped structure from the position of the flange section in the cylindrical boss section. 6. The work arm of the work machine according to claim 5, wherein
the reinforcement member is an annular member and is fitted around the outer circumferential portion of the outer cylindrical portion. 7. The work arm of the work machine according to claim 6, wherein
the reinforcement member is joined to the outer cylindrical portion at an axial end of the outer cylindrical portion via a third weld. 8. The work arm of the work machine according to claim 5, wherein
the reinforcement member is an arc-like member, the reinforcement member being disposed in a direction in which a load of the coupling pin acts. 9. The work arm of the work machine according to claim 1, wherein
a ratio of the outer diameter at the flange section-side part of the second body portion to the outer diameter at the axial end of the first body portion is equal to or higher than 0.7 and lower than 1.0. 10. The work arm of the work machine according to claim 3, wherein
the groove is configured such that a cross-sectional shape of the bottom portion of the groove has a constant radius of curvature, and a ratio of the radius of curvature of the groove to a thickness of the flange section is equal to or higher than 1.5. | 1,700 |
345,156 | 16,643,046 | 1,711 | A switching device has an encapsulation housing and lashing points. The lashing points are arranged in such a manner that a center of gravity of the switching device lies below the lashing points in a lashing direction. | 1-10. (canceled) 11. A switchgear, comprising:
an enclosure housing; and a plurality of anchoring points disposed on said enclosure housing, said anchoring points being arranged such that a center of gravity of the switchgear is located below said anchoring points in an anchoring direction. 12. The switchgear according to claim 11, wherein said enclosure housing has a flange and said anchoring points project beyond a circumference of said flange.) 13. The switchgear according to claim 12, wherein said anchoring points are arranged axially offset with respect to said flange. 14. The switchgear according to claim 11, further comprising add-on parts laterally supported on said enclosure housing, between two said anchoring points. 15. The switchgear according to claim 14, wherein said add-on parts are arranged laterally on said enclosure housing on opposite sides of said enclosure housing, in each case between said two anchoring points. 16. The switchgear according to claim 15, wherein said add-on parts extend beyond anchoring points in the anchoring direction. 17. The switchgear according to claim 11, further comprising add-on parts arranged laterally on said enclosure housing on opposite sides of said enclosure housing, in each case between two said anchoring points. 18. The switchgear according to claim 17, wherein said add-on parts extend beyond anchoring points in the anchoring direction. 19. The switchgear according to claim 12, wherein said flange forms an end-face termination of said enclosure housing above a mounting surface. 20. The switchgear according to claim 12, wherein said flange is closed by a gear cover. 21. The switchgear according to claim 12, further comprising a drive device for mutually relatively movable switching contacts of the switchgear supported on said flange. 22. The switchgear according to claim 11, wherein said enclosure housing is a pressurized vessel. | A switching device has an encapsulation housing and lashing points. The lashing points are arranged in such a manner that a center of gravity of the switching device lies below the lashing points in a lashing direction.1-10. (canceled) 11. A switchgear, comprising:
an enclosure housing; and a plurality of anchoring points disposed on said enclosure housing, said anchoring points being arranged such that a center of gravity of the switchgear is located below said anchoring points in an anchoring direction. 12. The switchgear according to claim 11, wherein said enclosure housing has a flange and said anchoring points project beyond a circumference of said flange.) 13. The switchgear according to claim 12, wherein said anchoring points are arranged axially offset with respect to said flange. 14. The switchgear according to claim 11, further comprising add-on parts laterally supported on said enclosure housing, between two said anchoring points. 15. The switchgear according to claim 14, wherein said add-on parts are arranged laterally on said enclosure housing on opposite sides of said enclosure housing, in each case between said two anchoring points. 16. The switchgear according to claim 15, wherein said add-on parts extend beyond anchoring points in the anchoring direction. 17. The switchgear according to claim 11, further comprising add-on parts arranged laterally on said enclosure housing on opposite sides of said enclosure housing, in each case between two said anchoring points. 18. The switchgear according to claim 17, wherein said add-on parts extend beyond anchoring points in the anchoring direction. 19. The switchgear according to claim 12, wherein said flange forms an end-face termination of said enclosure housing above a mounting surface. 20. The switchgear according to claim 12, wherein said flange is closed by a gear cover. 21. The switchgear according to claim 12, further comprising a drive device for mutually relatively movable switching contacts of the switchgear supported on said flange. 22. The switchgear according to claim 11, wherein said enclosure housing is a pressurized vessel. | 1,700 |
345,157 | 16,643,064 | 1,711 | the cellulose fiber-containing composition, an acrylic resin in an amount of 156 parts by weight based on 1 part by weight of the cellulose fibers, and isocyanate in an amount of 44 parts by weight based on 1 part by weight of the cellulose fibers, are mixed with one another to obtain a coating solution, which is then applied onto a smooth polyethylene terephthalate plate to a thickness of 30 μm, using an applicator, and immediately after the application of the coating solution, it is dried at 80° C. for 30 minutes. | 1. A cellulose fiber-containing composition comprising cellulose fibers having a fiber width of 1000 nm or less and water, wherein
the image clarity (comb width: 0.125 mm) of a coating film obtained from the following conditions is 55% or more: 2. The cellulose fiber-containing composition according to claim 1, wherein the image clarity is 65% or more and 98% or less. 3. The cellulose fiber-containing composition according to claim 1, wherein the total amount of the cellulose fibers and the water is 90% by mass or more based on the amount of the entire composition. 4. The cellulose fiber-containing composition according to claim 1, wherein when the solid concentration of the cellulose fibers is set at 0.4% by mass, the viscosity measured under conditions of 23° C. and a rotation number of 3 rpm is 40,000 mPa·s or less. 5. The cellulose fiber-containing composition according to claim 1, wherein when the cellulose fibers are processed into a dispersed solution and a supernatant separated from the dispersed solution under the following conditions is recovered, the supernatant yield is 80% by mass or more: 6. The cellulose fiber-containing composition according to claim 1, wherein the Young's modulus of a coating film obtained from the following conditions is 0.7 GPa or more: 7. The cellulose fiber-containing composition according to claim 1, further comprising an enzyme. 8. The cellulose fiber-containing composition according to claim 1, which is for use in a paint. 9. The cellulose fiber-containing composition according to claim 1, which is for use in a thickener. 10. A paint comprising the cellulose fiber-containing composition according to claim 1. | the cellulose fiber-containing composition, an acrylic resin in an amount of 156 parts by weight based on 1 part by weight of the cellulose fibers, and isocyanate in an amount of 44 parts by weight based on 1 part by weight of the cellulose fibers, are mixed with one another to obtain a coating solution, which is then applied onto a smooth polyethylene terephthalate plate to a thickness of 30 μm, using an applicator, and immediately after the application of the coating solution, it is dried at 80° C. for 30 minutes.1. A cellulose fiber-containing composition comprising cellulose fibers having a fiber width of 1000 nm or less and water, wherein
the image clarity (comb width: 0.125 mm) of a coating film obtained from the following conditions is 55% or more: 2. The cellulose fiber-containing composition according to claim 1, wherein the image clarity is 65% or more and 98% or less. 3. The cellulose fiber-containing composition according to claim 1, wherein the total amount of the cellulose fibers and the water is 90% by mass or more based on the amount of the entire composition. 4. The cellulose fiber-containing composition according to claim 1, wherein when the solid concentration of the cellulose fibers is set at 0.4% by mass, the viscosity measured under conditions of 23° C. and a rotation number of 3 rpm is 40,000 mPa·s or less. 5. The cellulose fiber-containing composition according to claim 1, wherein when the cellulose fibers are processed into a dispersed solution and a supernatant separated from the dispersed solution under the following conditions is recovered, the supernatant yield is 80% by mass or more: 6. The cellulose fiber-containing composition according to claim 1, wherein the Young's modulus of a coating film obtained from the following conditions is 0.7 GPa or more: 7. The cellulose fiber-containing composition according to claim 1, further comprising an enzyme. 8. The cellulose fiber-containing composition according to claim 1, which is for use in a paint. 9. The cellulose fiber-containing composition according to claim 1, which is for use in a thickener. 10. A paint comprising the cellulose fiber-containing composition according to claim 1. | 1,700 |
345,158 | 16,643,054 | 1,711 | A nucleic acid amplifier may include a sample preparation zone, a fluid ejector, an amplification zone and a capillary break between the amplification zone and the fluid ejector. | 1. A nucleic acid amplifier comprising:
a sample preparation zone; a fluid ejector comprising an orifice and a fluid actuator to eject fluid through the orifice; an amplification zone; and a capillary break between the amplification zone and the fluid ejector. 2. The nucleic acid amplifier of claim 1, comprising:
a first microfluidic die comprising the fluid ejector; and a second microfluidic die comprising the sample preparation zone and the amplification zone. 3. The nucleic acid amplifier of claim 1, wherein the amplification zone comprises:
a thermal processing region; a vent port; and a second capillary break between the thermal cycling region and the vent port, wherein the capillary break is between the sample preparation zone and the thermal processing region. 4. The nucleic acid amplifier of claim 3 further comprising a freeze-dried nucleic acid amplification reagent in the thermal processing region. 5. The nucleic acid amplifier of claim 3 further comprising a nucleic acid separator within the sample preparation zone. 6. The nucleic acid amplifier of claim 5 further comprising a second fluid actuator between the nucleic acid separator and the second capillary break. 7. The nucleic acid amplifier of claim 5 further comprising a second fluid actuator in the sample preparation zone, wherein the nucleic acid separator is between the second fluid actuator and the capillary break. 8. The nucleic acid amplifier of claim 7 further comprising a third fluid actuator between the second fluid actuator and the capillary break, wherein the second fluid actuator is proximate the nucleic acid adsorption bead filter and wherein the third fluid actuator is proximate the capillary break. 9. The nucleic acid amplifier of claim 3, wherein the sample preparation zone and the nucleic acid amplification zone located on a microfluidic chip, the nucleic acid amplifier further comprising:
a wash fluid reservoir on the microfluidic chip and fluidly connected to the sample preparation zone; a third capillary break between the wash fluid reservoir and the sample preparation zone; and a second fluid actuator between the wash fluid reservoir and 10. The nucleic acid amplifier of claim 9 further comprising:
a nucleic acid amplification reagent reservoir on the microfluidic chip and fluidly connected to the sample preparation zone;
a fourth capillary break between the nucleic acid amplification reagent reservoir and the sample preparation zone; and
a third fluid actuator between the nucleic acid amplification reagent reservoir and the fourth capillary break. 11. A nucleic acid amplification method comprising:
separating a nucleic acid from non-nucleic acid portions of a sample; ejecting the non-nucleic acid portions of the sample through an orifice with a fluid actuator; adding a nucleic acid amplification reagent to the separated nucleic acid; and heating the separated nucleic acid and the nucleic acid amplification reagent in a thermal processing region separated 12. The method of claim 11 further comprising venting gas from the thermal processing region across a second capillary break. 13. A nucleic acid amplifier comprising:
a sample preparation zone; an amplification zone; a capillary break between the sample preparation zone and the amplification zone. 14. The nucleic acid amplifier of claim 13, wherein the sample preparation zone is fluidly coupled to a fluid ejector. 15. The nucleic acid amplifier of claim 13, wherein the amplification zone comprises:
a thermal processing region; a vent port; and a second capillary break between the thermal cycling region and the vent port, wherein the capillary break is between the sample preparation zone and the thermal processing region. | A nucleic acid amplifier may include a sample preparation zone, a fluid ejector, an amplification zone and a capillary break between the amplification zone and the fluid ejector.1. A nucleic acid amplifier comprising:
a sample preparation zone; a fluid ejector comprising an orifice and a fluid actuator to eject fluid through the orifice; an amplification zone; and a capillary break between the amplification zone and the fluid ejector. 2. The nucleic acid amplifier of claim 1, comprising:
a first microfluidic die comprising the fluid ejector; and a second microfluidic die comprising the sample preparation zone and the amplification zone. 3. The nucleic acid amplifier of claim 1, wherein the amplification zone comprises:
a thermal processing region; a vent port; and a second capillary break between the thermal cycling region and the vent port, wherein the capillary break is between the sample preparation zone and the thermal processing region. 4. The nucleic acid amplifier of claim 3 further comprising a freeze-dried nucleic acid amplification reagent in the thermal processing region. 5. The nucleic acid amplifier of claim 3 further comprising a nucleic acid separator within the sample preparation zone. 6. The nucleic acid amplifier of claim 5 further comprising a second fluid actuator between the nucleic acid separator and the second capillary break. 7. The nucleic acid amplifier of claim 5 further comprising a second fluid actuator in the sample preparation zone, wherein the nucleic acid separator is between the second fluid actuator and the capillary break. 8. The nucleic acid amplifier of claim 7 further comprising a third fluid actuator between the second fluid actuator and the capillary break, wherein the second fluid actuator is proximate the nucleic acid adsorption bead filter and wherein the third fluid actuator is proximate the capillary break. 9. The nucleic acid amplifier of claim 3, wherein the sample preparation zone and the nucleic acid amplification zone located on a microfluidic chip, the nucleic acid amplifier further comprising:
a wash fluid reservoir on the microfluidic chip and fluidly connected to the sample preparation zone; a third capillary break between the wash fluid reservoir and the sample preparation zone; and a second fluid actuator between the wash fluid reservoir and 10. The nucleic acid amplifier of claim 9 further comprising:
a nucleic acid amplification reagent reservoir on the microfluidic chip and fluidly connected to the sample preparation zone;
a fourth capillary break between the nucleic acid amplification reagent reservoir and the sample preparation zone; and
a third fluid actuator between the nucleic acid amplification reagent reservoir and the fourth capillary break. 11. A nucleic acid amplification method comprising:
separating a nucleic acid from non-nucleic acid portions of a sample; ejecting the non-nucleic acid portions of the sample through an orifice with a fluid actuator; adding a nucleic acid amplification reagent to the separated nucleic acid; and heating the separated nucleic acid and the nucleic acid amplification reagent in a thermal processing region separated 12. The method of claim 11 further comprising venting gas from the thermal processing region across a second capillary break. 13. A nucleic acid amplifier comprising:
a sample preparation zone; an amplification zone; a capillary break between the sample preparation zone and the amplification zone. 14. The nucleic acid amplifier of claim 13, wherein the sample preparation zone is fluidly coupled to a fluid ejector. 15. The nucleic acid amplifier of claim 13, wherein the amplification zone comprises:
a thermal processing region; a vent port; and a second capillary break between the thermal cycling region and the vent port, wherein the capillary break is between the sample preparation zone and the thermal processing region. | 1,700 |
345,159 | 16,643,042 | 1,711 | A method of producing a retention piece having a therapeutic package configured to provide a desired therapeutic profile for the recipient, the method including: obtaining data descriptive of mandibular and maxillary arches of the recipient; specifying an appropriate guidance package based on the desired therapeutic profile for the recipient; modeling a virtual representation of at least one retention piece configured to fit at least one of the mandibular and maxillary arches; and generating data that can be used by a computer aided machining (CAM) process to create at least one physical retention piece comprising the specified therapeutic package configured to provide the desired therapeutic profile. | 1. A method of producing a retention piece having a therapeutic package configured to provide a desired therapeutic profile for a recipient, the method comprising:
obtaining data descriptive of mandibular and maxillary arches of the recipient; specifying an appropriate guidance package based on the desired therapeutic profile for the recipient; modeling a virtual representation of at least one retention piece configured to fit at least one of the mandibular and maxillary arches; and generating data that can be used by a computer aided machining (CAM) process to create at least one physical retention piece comprising the desired therapeutic package configured to provide the desired therapeutic profile. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the modeling the virtual representation of at least one retention piece comprises forming, within the virtual representation, one or more negative spaces. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the one or more negative spaces is configured to produce a more shock absorbing area of the at least one retention piece. 4. The method of claim 2, further comprising creating the at least one physical retention piece based on the generated data, the at least one physical retention piece including, within the negative space, at least one from among an electrolytic gel, one or more sensors, a tracking device, a computer, and a microgenerator. 5. The method of claim 2, further comprising creating the at least one physical retention piece based on the generated data, the at least one physical retention piece including, within the negative space, an intermediary implant attachment mechanism that will accept an implant. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the modeling the virtual representation of at least one retention piece comprises forming, within the virtual representation, a plurality of negative spaces connected by channels within the virtual representation. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the modeling the virtual representation of at least one retention piece comprises forming, within the virtual representation, a plurality of attachment points on an external surface of the at least one retention piece. 8. The method of claim 7, further comprising creating the at least one physical retention piece based on the generated data, the at least one physical retention piece including, connected to the plurality of attachment points, at least one from among an elastic band, a guidance rod, a spacer, and an expansion screw. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the therapeutic package comprises palatal suture manipulation, and the at least one retention piece comprises a rapid palatal expander. 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising modeling a plurality of virtual representations of at least one retention piece configured to fit at least one of the mandibular and maxillary arches and simulating a change of the mandibular and maxillary arches based on the plurality of virtual representations. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein modeling the virtual representation of the at least one retention piece comprises modeling the virtual representation based on at least one mathematical principle of aesthetics. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one mathematical principles of aesthetics comprises tooth size and shape in a continuum of parameterization. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein modeling the virtual representation of the at least one retention piece comprises modeling a manufactured surface on at least a portion of the at least one retention piece. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the manufactured surface comprises at least one of a rough surface, a textured surface, and a meshed surface. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
creating the at least one physical retention piece based on the generated data; and performing a surface treatment to the manufactured surface. 16. A system for producing a retention piece having a therapeutic package configured to provide a desired therapeutic profile for a recipient, the system comprising:
at least one processor; and at least one memory having stored thereon computer program code that, when executed by the at least one processor, controls the processor to:
obtain data descriptive of mandibular and maxillary arches of the recipient;
specify an appropriate guidance package based on the desired therapeutic profile for the recipient;
model a virtual representation of at least one retention piece configured to fit at least one of the mandibular and maxillary arches; and
generate data for a computer aided machining (CAM) process to create at least one physical retention piece comprising the desired therapeutic package configured to provide the desired therapeutic profile. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the modeling the virtual representation of at least one retention piece comprises forming, within the virtual representation, one or more negative spaces. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein the one or more negative spaces is configured to produce a more shock absorbing area of the at least one retention piece. 19. The system of claim 17, wherein the computer program code, when executed by the at least one processor, further controls the processor to output instructions to create the at least one physical retention piece based on the generated data, the at least one physical retention piece including, within the negative space, at least one from among an electrolytic gel, one or more sensors, a tracking device, a computer, and a microgenerator. 20. The system of claim 16, wherein the modeling the virtual representation of at least one retention piece comprises forming, within the virtual representation, a plurality of negative spaces connected by channels within the virtual representation. | A method of producing a retention piece having a therapeutic package configured to provide a desired therapeutic profile for the recipient, the method including: obtaining data descriptive of mandibular and maxillary arches of the recipient; specifying an appropriate guidance package based on the desired therapeutic profile for the recipient; modeling a virtual representation of at least one retention piece configured to fit at least one of the mandibular and maxillary arches; and generating data that can be used by a computer aided machining (CAM) process to create at least one physical retention piece comprising the specified therapeutic package configured to provide the desired therapeutic profile.1. A method of producing a retention piece having a therapeutic package configured to provide a desired therapeutic profile for a recipient, the method comprising:
obtaining data descriptive of mandibular and maxillary arches of the recipient; specifying an appropriate guidance package based on the desired therapeutic profile for the recipient; modeling a virtual representation of at least one retention piece configured to fit at least one of the mandibular and maxillary arches; and generating data that can be used by a computer aided machining (CAM) process to create at least one physical retention piece comprising the desired therapeutic package configured to provide the desired therapeutic profile. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the modeling the virtual representation of at least one retention piece comprises forming, within the virtual representation, one or more negative spaces. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the one or more negative spaces is configured to produce a more shock absorbing area of the at least one retention piece. 4. The method of claim 2, further comprising creating the at least one physical retention piece based on the generated data, the at least one physical retention piece including, within the negative space, at least one from among an electrolytic gel, one or more sensors, a tracking device, a computer, and a microgenerator. 5. The method of claim 2, further comprising creating the at least one physical retention piece based on the generated data, the at least one physical retention piece including, within the negative space, an intermediary implant attachment mechanism that will accept an implant. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the modeling the virtual representation of at least one retention piece comprises forming, within the virtual representation, a plurality of negative spaces connected by channels within the virtual representation. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the modeling the virtual representation of at least one retention piece comprises forming, within the virtual representation, a plurality of attachment points on an external surface of the at least one retention piece. 8. The method of claim 7, further comprising creating the at least one physical retention piece based on the generated data, the at least one physical retention piece including, connected to the plurality of attachment points, at least one from among an elastic band, a guidance rod, a spacer, and an expansion screw. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the therapeutic package comprises palatal suture manipulation, and the at least one retention piece comprises a rapid palatal expander. 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising modeling a plurality of virtual representations of at least one retention piece configured to fit at least one of the mandibular and maxillary arches and simulating a change of the mandibular and maxillary arches based on the plurality of virtual representations. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein modeling the virtual representation of the at least one retention piece comprises modeling the virtual representation based on at least one mathematical principle of aesthetics. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one mathematical principles of aesthetics comprises tooth size and shape in a continuum of parameterization. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein modeling the virtual representation of the at least one retention piece comprises modeling a manufactured surface on at least a portion of the at least one retention piece. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the manufactured surface comprises at least one of a rough surface, a textured surface, and a meshed surface. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
creating the at least one physical retention piece based on the generated data; and performing a surface treatment to the manufactured surface. 16. A system for producing a retention piece having a therapeutic package configured to provide a desired therapeutic profile for a recipient, the system comprising:
at least one processor; and at least one memory having stored thereon computer program code that, when executed by the at least one processor, controls the processor to:
obtain data descriptive of mandibular and maxillary arches of the recipient;
specify an appropriate guidance package based on the desired therapeutic profile for the recipient;
model a virtual representation of at least one retention piece configured to fit at least one of the mandibular and maxillary arches; and
generate data for a computer aided machining (CAM) process to create at least one physical retention piece comprising the desired therapeutic package configured to provide the desired therapeutic profile. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the modeling the virtual representation of at least one retention piece comprises forming, within the virtual representation, one or more negative spaces. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein the one or more negative spaces is configured to produce a more shock absorbing area of the at least one retention piece. 19. The system of claim 17, wherein the computer program code, when executed by the at least one processor, further controls the processor to output instructions to create the at least one physical retention piece based on the generated data, the at least one physical retention piece including, within the negative space, at least one from among an electrolytic gel, one or more sensors, a tracking device, a computer, and a microgenerator. 20. The system of claim 16, wherein the modeling the virtual representation of at least one retention piece comprises forming, within the virtual representation, a plurality of negative spaces connected by channels within the virtual representation. | 1,700 |
345,160 | 16,643,082 | 1,711 | A display panel and manufacturing method thereof, a display device. The display panel includes a base substrate, light-emitting element and a photoelectric conversion structure: the light-emitting element is disposed on the base substrate; the photoelectric conversion structure is disposed on the base substrate and configured to receive a part of light emitted by the light-emitting element, convert energy of light received by the photoelectric conversion structure into electric energy, and supply the electric energy to the light-emitting element. | 1. A display panel, comprising:
a base substrate; a light-emitting element on the base substrate; and a photoelectric conversion structure on the base substrate, and configured to receive a part of light emitted by the light-emitting element, convert energy of light received by the photoelectric conversion structure into electric energy, and supply the electric energy to the light-emitting element. 2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the photoelectric conversion structure comprises:
a first electrode on the base substrate; a second electrode on a side of the first electrode away from the base substrate; and a photoelectric conversion layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and configured to convert energy of light received by the photoelectric conversion layer into electric energy. 3. The display panel according to claim 2, further comprising:
a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, wherein each pixel unit of the plurality of pixel units comprises the light-emitting element; and a pixel definition layer between adjacent pixel units of the plurality of pixel units to define the plurality of pixel units; an orthographic projection of the photoelectric conversion structure on the base substrate is within an orthographic projection of the pixel definition layer on the base substrate. 4. The display panel according to claim 3, wherein the photoelectric conversion structure is on a side of the pixel definition layer close to the base substrate and is on a side of the light-emitting element close to the base substrate. 5. The display panel according to claim 4, further comprising a driving circuit layer configured to drive the plurality of pixel units, wherein the driving circuit layer comprises a thin film transistor, and the first electrode of the photoelectric conversion structure is in a same layer as a drain electrode of the thin film transistor and a source electrode of the thin film transistor. 6. The display panel according to claim 5, wherein the light-emitting element is a top light-emitting element, and at least a part of an orthographic projection of the thin film transistor on the base substrate overlaps with an orthographic projection of the light-emitting element on the base substrate. 7. The display panel according to claim 3, wherein a distance between a lower surface of the photoelectric conversion structure facing the base substrate and the base substrate, a distance between a surface of the light-emitting element facing the base substrate and the base substrate, and a distance between a surface of the pixel definition layer facing the base substrate and the base substrate, are equal to each other. 8. The display panel according to claim 7, wherein
the light-emitting element comprises an anode, a light-emitting layer and a cathode which are sequentially away from the base substrate; and the first electrode is in a same layer as the anode of the light-emitting element. 9. The display panel according to claim 7, wherein the photoelectric conversion structure is inside the pixel definition layer, and the pixel definition layer covers an upper surface of the photoelectric conversion structure facing away from the base substrate and a side surface of the photoelectric conversion structure intersected with the upper surface of the photoelectric conversion structure. 10. The display panel according to claim 3, wherein the pixel definition layer comprises a groove, the groove comprises a bottom surface parallel to the base substrate and a side surface intersected with the bottom surface;
the orthographic projection of the photoelectric conversion structure on the base substrate is within an orthographic projection of a whole constituted by the bottom surface of the groove and the side surface of the groove on the base substrate; the groove is configured to allow a part of light emitted by the light-emitting element to be reflected by the side surface of the groove and then to be incident to the photoelectric conversion structure. 11. The display panel according to claim 10, wherein an included angle between the side surface and the bottom surface of the groove is an obtuse angle. 12. The display panel according to claim 11, wherein
a range of the included angle between the side surface and the bottom surface of the groove is 110°˜170°; an orthographic projection of the side surface of the groove on the base substrate overlaps with a part of the orthographic projection of the photoelectric conversion structure on the base substrate, and a width of the overlapped part along a direction parallel to the base substrate is ⅓ of a width of the orthographic projection of the photoelectric conversion structure on the base substrate along the direction parallel to the base substrate; in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate, a rest portion of the pixel definition layer other than the groove has a first surface away from the base substrate and a second surface close to the base substrate, and a distance between the bottom surface of the groove and the first surface of the pixel definition layer is larger than ⅔ of a distance between the second surface of the pixel definition layer and the first surface of the pixel definition layer. 13. The display panel according to claim 10, further comprising:
a reflective structure on at least a part of the side surface of the groove. 14. The display panel according to claim 10, wherein the side surface of the groove is a curved surface recessed toward a direction away from the bottom surface of the groove, and an included angle between a tangent line of the curved surface and the bottom surface of the groove is an obtuse angle. 15. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein the photoelectric conversion layer is a PIN junction, and the PIN junction comprises:
a P-type semiconductor layer; an N-type semiconductor layer stacked with the P-type semiconductor layer; and an intrinsic semiconductor layer between the N-type semiconductor layer and the P-type semiconductor layer. 16. The display panel according to claim 15, wherein a material of the P-type semiconductor layer, a material of the N-type semiconductor layer, and a material of the intrinsic semiconductor layer are all amorphous silicon. 17. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein the first electrode is an opaque reflective electrode, and the second electrode is a transparent electrode or an opaque reflective electrode. 18. The display panel according to claim 2, further comprising a power supply, wherein
the light-emitting element comprises an anode, a light-emitting layer and a cathode which are sequentially away from the base substrate; the first electrode of the photoelectric conversion structure and the second electrode of the photoelectric conversion structure are electrically connected with an input terminal of the power supply; the anode of the light-emitting element and the cathode of the light-emitting element are electrically connected with an output terminal of the power supply. 19. A display device, comprising the display panel according to claim 1. 20. A manufacturing method of a display panel, comprising:
providing a base substrate; forming a light-emitting element and a photoelectric conversion structure on the base substrate; wherein the photoelectric conversion structure is configured to receive a part of light emitted by the light-emitting element, convert energy of light received by the photoelectric conversion structure into electric energy, and supply the electric energy to the light-emitting element. | A display panel and manufacturing method thereof, a display device. The display panel includes a base substrate, light-emitting element and a photoelectric conversion structure: the light-emitting element is disposed on the base substrate; the photoelectric conversion structure is disposed on the base substrate and configured to receive a part of light emitted by the light-emitting element, convert energy of light received by the photoelectric conversion structure into electric energy, and supply the electric energy to the light-emitting element.1. A display panel, comprising:
a base substrate; a light-emitting element on the base substrate; and a photoelectric conversion structure on the base substrate, and configured to receive a part of light emitted by the light-emitting element, convert energy of light received by the photoelectric conversion structure into electric energy, and supply the electric energy to the light-emitting element. 2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the photoelectric conversion structure comprises:
a first electrode on the base substrate; a second electrode on a side of the first electrode away from the base substrate; and a photoelectric conversion layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and configured to convert energy of light received by the photoelectric conversion layer into electric energy. 3. The display panel according to claim 2, further comprising:
a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array, wherein each pixel unit of the plurality of pixel units comprises the light-emitting element; and a pixel definition layer between adjacent pixel units of the plurality of pixel units to define the plurality of pixel units; an orthographic projection of the photoelectric conversion structure on the base substrate is within an orthographic projection of the pixel definition layer on the base substrate. 4. The display panel according to claim 3, wherein the photoelectric conversion structure is on a side of the pixel definition layer close to the base substrate and is on a side of the light-emitting element close to the base substrate. 5. The display panel according to claim 4, further comprising a driving circuit layer configured to drive the plurality of pixel units, wherein the driving circuit layer comprises a thin film transistor, and the first electrode of the photoelectric conversion structure is in a same layer as a drain electrode of the thin film transistor and a source electrode of the thin film transistor. 6. The display panel according to claim 5, wherein the light-emitting element is a top light-emitting element, and at least a part of an orthographic projection of the thin film transistor on the base substrate overlaps with an orthographic projection of the light-emitting element on the base substrate. 7. The display panel according to claim 3, wherein a distance between a lower surface of the photoelectric conversion structure facing the base substrate and the base substrate, a distance between a surface of the light-emitting element facing the base substrate and the base substrate, and a distance between a surface of the pixel definition layer facing the base substrate and the base substrate, are equal to each other. 8. The display panel according to claim 7, wherein
the light-emitting element comprises an anode, a light-emitting layer and a cathode which are sequentially away from the base substrate; and the first electrode is in a same layer as the anode of the light-emitting element. 9. The display panel according to claim 7, wherein the photoelectric conversion structure is inside the pixel definition layer, and the pixel definition layer covers an upper surface of the photoelectric conversion structure facing away from the base substrate and a side surface of the photoelectric conversion structure intersected with the upper surface of the photoelectric conversion structure. 10. The display panel according to claim 3, wherein the pixel definition layer comprises a groove, the groove comprises a bottom surface parallel to the base substrate and a side surface intersected with the bottom surface;
the orthographic projection of the photoelectric conversion structure on the base substrate is within an orthographic projection of a whole constituted by the bottom surface of the groove and the side surface of the groove on the base substrate; the groove is configured to allow a part of light emitted by the light-emitting element to be reflected by the side surface of the groove and then to be incident to the photoelectric conversion structure. 11. The display panel according to claim 10, wherein an included angle between the side surface and the bottom surface of the groove is an obtuse angle. 12. The display panel according to claim 11, wherein
a range of the included angle between the side surface and the bottom surface of the groove is 110°˜170°; an orthographic projection of the side surface of the groove on the base substrate overlaps with a part of the orthographic projection of the photoelectric conversion structure on the base substrate, and a width of the overlapped part along a direction parallel to the base substrate is ⅓ of a width of the orthographic projection of the photoelectric conversion structure on the base substrate along the direction parallel to the base substrate; in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate, a rest portion of the pixel definition layer other than the groove has a first surface away from the base substrate and a second surface close to the base substrate, and a distance between the bottom surface of the groove and the first surface of the pixel definition layer is larger than ⅔ of a distance between the second surface of the pixel definition layer and the first surface of the pixel definition layer. 13. The display panel according to claim 10, further comprising:
a reflective structure on at least a part of the side surface of the groove. 14. The display panel according to claim 10, wherein the side surface of the groove is a curved surface recessed toward a direction away from the bottom surface of the groove, and an included angle between a tangent line of the curved surface and the bottom surface of the groove is an obtuse angle. 15. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein the photoelectric conversion layer is a PIN junction, and the PIN junction comprises:
a P-type semiconductor layer; an N-type semiconductor layer stacked with the P-type semiconductor layer; and an intrinsic semiconductor layer between the N-type semiconductor layer and the P-type semiconductor layer. 16. The display panel according to claim 15, wherein a material of the P-type semiconductor layer, a material of the N-type semiconductor layer, and a material of the intrinsic semiconductor layer are all amorphous silicon. 17. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein the first electrode is an opaque reflective electrode, and the second electrode is a transparent electrode or an opaque reflective electrode. 18. The display panel according to claim 2, further comprising a power supply, wherein
the light-emitting element comprises an anode, a light-emitting layer and a cathode which are sequentially away from the base substrate; the first electrode of the photoelectric conversion structure and the second electrode of the photoelectric conversion structure are electrically connected with an input terminal of the power supply; the anode of the light-emitting element and the cathode of the light-emitting element are electrically connected with an output terminal of the power supply. 19. A display device, comprising the display panel according to claim 1. 20. A manufacturing method of a display panel, comprising:
providing a base substrate; forming a light-emitting element and a photoelectric conversion structure on the base substrate; wherein the photoelectric conversion structure is configured to receive a part of light emitted by the light-emitting element, convert energy of light received by the photoelectric conversion structure into electric energy, and supply the electric energy to the light-emitting element. | 1,700 |
345,161 | 16,643,091 | 3,781 | Set of applicators for dispensing topical products in a single dose in the anal, oral, rectal, vaginal and vulvar mucous and semi-mucous membranes. The encasement type packaging is similar to a condom, but smaller, presenting a compartment filled with the desired pharmaceutical formulation to be used in a single dose, located at its distal end, which contains orifices through which the product will be expelled. The content of the packaging can be applied with the finger of an individual or with a portable applicator. Said portable applicator does not directly contact the mucous and semi-mucous membranes, since it is covered by the fine encasement. The applicator has two encasable parts, making the transport thereof efficient, since it is extended upon encasement. A rounded anatomic part is encased in the applicator for compressing the product reservoir. The solution developed can be used to deliver medications to treat medical conditions and illnesses, or promote relief and comfort, in a safe, efficient, practical and discrete manner. | 1. An encasing device for dispensing topical products for oral, vulvar and anal uses, attachable to portable applicator for vaginal and rectal uses comprising a packaging type encasement device (01) having a compartment (02) filled with a desirable formulation in a single dose, wherein the compartment (02) is located in the upper portion of the encasement (01); said encasement (01) having orifices (06) located in its upper end and open lower end (03) where a finger or a portable applicator (08) is inserted for pressing the compartment (02); wherein said compartment upon compression expels the formulation through the orifices (06). 2. The encasing device for dispensing topical products for oral, vulvar and anal uses, attachable to portable applicator for vaginal and rectal uses wherein the encasement (01) comprises a small thimble (07) made of latex, malleable rubber or similar, holding the compartment (02) in the upper end (05) of the encasement (01). 3. The encasing device for dispensing topical products for oral, vulvar and anal uses, attachable to portable applicator for vaginal and rectal uses of claim 1, wherein said portable applicator is covered in its upper portion by an anatomical encasement part (12), said part (12) being covered by said encasement packaging (01). 4. The encasing device for dispensing topical products for oral, vulvar and anal uses, attachable to portable applicator for vaginal and rectal uses of claim 1, wherein said packaging type encasement (01) is disposable after use. 5. The encasing device for dispensing topical products for oral, vulvar and anal uses, attachable to portable applicator for vaginal and rectal uses of claim 1, wherein said packaging type encasement (01) remains in its unwrapped form until it is used without being compressed. 6. The encasing device for dispensing topical products for oral, vulvar and anal uses, attachable to portable applicator for vaginal and rectal uses of claim 1, wherein said packaging type encasement (01) is made of flexible material having a smooth surface. 7. The encasing device for dispensing topical products for oral, vulvar and anal uses, attachable to portable applicator for vaginal and rectal uses of claim 1, wherein the portable applicator (08) is composed of two parts (09)(10) and is encasable by means of thread, Luer Lock system or any other encasement and locking system (11). 8. The encasing device for dispensing topical products for oral, vulvar and anal uses, attachable to portable applicator for vaginal and rectal uses of claim 1, wherein the portable applicator (08) presents sizes between 0.6 and 1.2 cm, preferably 0.8 cm in diameter, and the two parts (09)(10) have 5 to 8 cm, preferably 6 cm in length each, reaching total length of 10 to 16 cm, preferably 12 cm, when extended for use. | Set of applicators for dispensing topical products in a single dose in the anal, oral, rectal, vaginal and vulvar mucous and semi-mucous membranes. The encasement type packaging is similar to a condom, but smaller, presenting a compartment filled with the desired pharmaceutical formulation to be used in a single dose, located at its distal end, which contains orifices through which the product will be expelled. The content of the packaging can be applied with the finger of an individual or with a portable applicator. Said portable applicator does not directly contact the mucous and semi-mucous membranes, since it is covered by the fine encasement. The applicator has two encasable parts, making the transport thereof efficient, since it is extended upon encasement. A rounded anatomic part is encased in the applicator for compressing the product reservoir. The solution developed can be used to deliver medications to treat medical conditions and illnesses, or promote relief and comfort, in a safe, efficient, practical and discrete manner.1. An encasing device for dispensing topical products for oral, vulvar and anal uses, attachable to portable applicator for vaginal and rectal uses comprising a packaging type encasement device (01) having a compartment (02) filled with a desirable formulation in a single dose, wherein the compartment (02) is located in the upper portion of the encasement (01); said encasement (01) having orifices (06) located in its upper end and open lower end (03) where a finger or a portable applicator (08) is inserted for pressing the compartment (02); wherein said compartment upon compression expels the formulation through the orifices (06). 2. The encasing device for dispensing topical products for oral, vulvar and anal uses, attachable to portable applicator for vaginal and rectal uses wherein the encasement (01) comprises a small thimble (07) made of latex, malleable rubber or similar, holding the compartment (02) in the upper end (05) of the encasement (01). 3. The encasing device for dispensing topical products for oral, vulvar and anal uses, attachable to portable applicator for vaginal and rectal uses of claim 1, wherein said portable applicator is covered in its upper portion by an anatomical encasement part (12), said part (12) being covered by said encasement packaging (01). 4. The encasing device for dispensing topical products for oral, vulvar and anal uses, attachable to portable applicator for vaginal and rectal uses of claim 1, wherein said packaging type encasement (01) is disposable after use. 5. The encasing device for dispensing topical products for oral, vulvar and anal uses, attachable to portable applicator for vaginal and rectal uses of claim 1, wherein said packaging type encasement (01) remains in its unwrapped form until it is used without being compressed. 6. The encasing device for dispensing topical products for oral, vulvar and anal uses, attachable to portable applicator for vaginal and rectal uses of claim 1, wherein said packaging type encasement (01) is made of flexible material having a smooth surface. 7. The encasing device for dispensing topical products for oral, vulvar and anal uses, attachable to portable applicator for vaginal and rectal uses of claim 1, wherein the portable applicator (08) is composed of two parts (09)(10) and is encasable by means of thread, Luer Lock system or any other encasement and locking system (11). 8. The encasing device for dispensing topical products for oral, vulvar and anal uses, attachable to portable applicator for vaginal and rectal uses of claim 1, wherein the portable applicator (08) presents sizes between 0.6 and 1.2 cm, preferably 0.8 cm in diameter, and the two parts (09)(10) have 5 to 8 cm, preferably 6 cm in length each, reaching total length of 10 to 16 cm, preferably 12 cm, when extended for use. | 3,700 |
345,162 | 16,643,051 | 3,781 | Disclosed herein inter alia are compositions and methods for treating cancer using thioindirubin derivatives. | 1. A compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, having structural Formula (I): 2. The compound of claim 1, wherein:
R2 is hydrogen; R4 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; and X is ═O. 3-4. (canceled) 5. The compound of claim 2, wherein the compound has structural Formula (I-A): 6. The compound of claim 1, wherein X is ═NR and wherein R1 is —OH. 7. (canceled) 8. The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the compound has structural Formula (I-B): 9. The compound of claim 5, wherein R3.1 and R3.2 are independently hydrogen, halogen, —CN, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl. 10. The compound of claim 8, wherein R3.1 and R3.2 are independently hydrogen, halogen, —CN, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl; and L is unsubstituted alkylene or a bond. 11-15. (canceled) 16. The compound of claim 8, wherein,
R5 is hydrogen, halogen, —CX5 3, —OCX5 3, —CN, —OH, —NH2, —COOH, —C(O)ORD, —CONH2, —NO2, SH, —NHNH2, —NR5BR5C, —OR5A, —SR5A, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R3.1 or R3.2 is —Cl, —Br, —I or —F; and R5B and R5C are independently substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; or R5B and R5C are joined together to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl. 17-28. (canceled) 29. The compound of claim 16, wherein R5B and R5C are joined together to form a substituted or unsubstituted pyrrolidinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted piperazinyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted morphorinyl. 30-31. (canceled) 32. The compound of claim 29, wherein the compound has structural formula (IV-A) or (IV-B): 33. The compound of claim 32, wherein each R3.1 and R3.2 is independently —C(O)H, —C(O)CH3, C(O)OH, or —C(O)OCH3. 34. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is: 35. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, having structural Formula (I): 36. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 35, wherein
R2 is hydrogen; R4 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; and X is ═O. 37-38. (canceled) 39. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 36 wherein the compound has structural Formula (I-A): 40. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 35, wherein X is ═NR1 and R1 is —OH. 41. (canceled) 42. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 35, wherein the compound has structural Formula (I-B): 43. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 4 2, wherein R3.1 and R3.2 are independently hydrogen, halogen, —CN, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl; and L is unsubstituted alkylene or a bond. 44-48. (canceled) 49. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 4 2, wherein
R5 is hydrogen, halogen, —CX5 3, —OCX5 3, —CN, —OH, —NH2, —COOH, —C(O)OR5D, —CONH2, —NO2, SH, —NHNH2, —NR5BR5C, —OR5A, —SR5A, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R3.1 or R3.2 is —Cl, —Br, —I or —F; and R5B and R5C are independently substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; or R5B and R5C are joined together to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl. 50-61. (canceled) 62. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 49, wherein R5B and R5C are joined together to form a substituted or unsubstituted pyrrolidinyl, wherein L is unsubstituted alkylene, or a substituted or unsubstituted morphorinyl. 63-64. (canceled) 65. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 62, wherein the compound has structural formula (IV-A) or (IV-B): 66. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 65, wherein each R3.1 and R3.2 is independently —C(O)H, —C(O)CH3, C(O)OH, or —C(O)OCH3. 67. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 35, wherein the compound is: 68. (canceled) 69. A method of treating cancer, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, having structural Formula (I): 70. The method of claim 69, wherein the compound has structural Formula (I-A) or (I:B): 71. (canceled) 72. The method of claim 69, wherein the cancer is lung cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, leukemia, lymphoma, melanoma, pancreatic cancer, sarcoma, bladder cancer, bone cancer, brain cancer, cervical cancer, colon cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, head and neck cancer, kidney cancer, myeloma, thyroid cancer, prostate cancer, a solid tumor or a blood tumor. 73. (canceled) 74. The method of claim 69, wherein the compound is co-administered with an effective amount of an anti-cancer agent. 75-76. (canceled) 77. A method of modulating a kinase, comprising contacting the kinase with a compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, having structural Formula (I): 78. The method of claim 77, wherein the compound has structural Formula (I-A) or (I-B): 79. (canceled) 80. The method of claim 77, wherein the kinase is JAK, JAK2, TYK2, Src, c-Src, ABL1, ABL1 T315I, an Aurora kinase, GSK-3b or a CDK; and the Aurora kinase is Aurora A. 81-83. (canceled) 84. A method of modulating STAT or STAT3, comprising contacting STAT or STAT3 with a compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, having structural Formula (I): 85. The method of claim 84, wherein the compound has structural Formula (I-A) or (I-B): 86-88. (canceled) | Disclosed herein inter alia are compositions and methods for treating cancer using thioindirubin derivatives.1. A compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, having structural Formula (I): 2. The compound of claim 1, wherein:
R2 is hydrogen; R4 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; and X is ═O. 3-4. (canceled) 5. The compound of claim 2, wherein the compound has structural Formula (I-A): 6. The compound of claim 1, wherein X is ═NR and wherein R1 is —OH. 7. (canceled) 8. The compound of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the compound has structural Formula (I-B): 9. The compound of claim 5, wherein R3.1 and R3.2 are independently hydrogen, halogen, —CN, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl. 10. The compound of claim 8, wherein R3.1 and R3.2 are independently hydrogen, halogen, —CN, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl; and L is unsubstituted alkylene or a bond. 11-15. (canceled) 16. The compound of claim 8, wherein,
R5 is hydrogen, halogen, —CX5 3, —OCX5 3, —CN, —OH, —NH2, —COOH, —C(O)ORD, —CONH2, —NO2, SH, —NHNH2, —NR5BR5C, —OR5A, —SR5A, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R3.1 or R3.2 is —Cl, —Br, —I or —F; and R5B and R5C are independently substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; or R5B and R5C are joined together to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl. 17-28. (canceled) 29. The compound of claim 16, wherein R5B and R5C are joined together to form a substituted or unsubstituted pyrrolidinyl, a substituted or unsubstituted piperazinyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted morphorinyl. 30-31. (canceled) 32. The compound of claim 29, wherein the compound has structural formula (IV-A) or (IV-B): 33. The compound of claim 32, wherein each R3.1 and R3.2 is independently —C(O)H, —C(O)CH3, C(O)OH, or —C(O)OCH3. 34. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is: 35. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, having structural Formula (I): 36. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 35, wherein
R2 is hydrogen; R4 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; and X is ═O. 37-38. (canceled) 39. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 36 wherein the compound has structural Formula (I-A): 40. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 35, wherein X is ═NR1 and R1 is —OH. 41. (canceled) 42. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 35, wherein the compound has structural Formula (I-B): 43. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 4 2, wherein R3.1 and R3.2 are independently hydrogen, halogen, —CN, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl; and L is unsubstituted alkylene or a bond. 44-48. (canceled) 49. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 4 2, wherein
R5 is hydrogen, halogen, —CX5 3, —OCX5 3, —CN, —OH, —NH2, —COOH, —C(O)OR5D, —CONH2, —NO2, SH, —NHNH2, —NR5BR5C, —OR5A, —SR5A, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; R3.1 or R3.2 is —Cl, —Br, —I or —F; and R5B and R5C are independently substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; or R5B and R5C are joined together to form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl. 50-61. (canceled) 62. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 49, wherein R5B and R5C are joined together to form a substituted or unsubstituted pyrrolidinyl, wherein L is unsubstituted alkylene, or a substituted or unsubstituted morphorinyl. 63-64. (canceled) 65. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 62, wherein the compound has structural formula (IV-A) or (IV-B): 66. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 65, wherein each R3.1 and R3.2 is independently —C(O)H, —C(O)CH3, C(O)OH, or —C(O)OCH3. 67. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 35, wherein the compound is: 68. (canceled) 69. A method of treating cancer, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, having structural Formula (I): 70. The method of claim 69, wherein the compound has structural Formula (I-A) or (I:B): 71. (canceled) 72. The method of claim 69, wherein the cancer is lung cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, leukemia, lymphoma, melanoma, pancreatic cancer, sarcoma, bladder cancer, bone cancer, brain cancer, cervical cancer, colon cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, head and neck cancer, kidney cancer, myeloma, thyroid cancer, prostate cancer, a solid tumor or a blood tumor. 73. (canceled) 74. The method of claim 69, wherein the compound is co-administered with an effective amount of an anti-cancer agent. 75-76. (canceled) 77. A method of modulating a kinase, comprising contacting the kinase with a compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, having structural Formula (I): 78. The method of claim 77, wherein the compound has structural Formula (I-A) or (I-B): 79. (canceled) 80. The method of claim 77, wherein the kinase is JAK, JAK2, TYK2, Src, c-Src, ABL1, ABL1 T315I, an Aurora kinase, GSK-3b or a CDK; and the Aurora kinase is Aurora A. 81-83. (canceled) 84. A method of modulating STAT or STAT3, comprising contacting STAT or STAT3 with a compound, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, having structural Formula (I): 85. The method of claim 84, wherein the compound has structural Formula (I-A) or (I-B): 86-88. (canceled) | 3,700 |
345,163 | 16,643,094 | 3,781 | A physical property prediction method that allows anyone to predict a physical property of an organic compound easily and accurately is provided. A physical property prediction system that allows anyone to predict a physical property of an organic compound easily and accurately is provided. Provided are a physical property prediction method including the step of learning a correlation between a molecular structure and a physical property of an organic compound and the step of predicting the target physical property value from the molecular structure of an object substance, and a physical property prediction system. A plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods are used at the same time as notation methods of the molecular structure of the organic compound. | 1. A method of predicting a physical property, comprising:
the step of learning a correlation between a molecular structure and a physical property of an organic compound; and the step of predicting a target physical property from a molecular structure of an object substance on the basis of a result of learning, wherein a plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods are used at the same time as notation methods of the molecular structure of the organic compound. 2. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 1,
wherein two kinds of fingerprinting methods are used as the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods. 3. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 1,
wherein three kinds of fingerprinting methods are used as the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods. 4. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 1,
wherein the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise at least any one of an Atom pair type, a Circular type, a Substructure key type, and a Path-based type. 5. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 1,
wherein the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods are selected from an Atom pair type, a Circular type, a Substructure key type, and a Path-based type. 6. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 2, wherein the two kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise an Atom pair type and a Circular type. 7. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 2, wherein the two kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise a Circular type and a Substructure key type. 8. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 2, wherein the two kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise a Circular type and a Path-based type. 9. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 2, wherein the two kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise an Atom pair type and a Substructure key type. 10. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 2, wherein the two kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise an Atom pair type and a Path-based type. 11. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 3, wherein the three kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise an Atom pair type, a Substructure key type, and a Circular type. 12. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 1,
wherein r is greater than or equal to 3 when a Circular type is used for one of the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods, and wherein r is the number of bonded elements counted starting from a certain element as 0. 13. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 12,
wherein r is greater than or equal to 5 in the Circular type. 14. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 1,
wherein notations of all organic compounds are different when molecular structures of the organic compounds to be learned are notated using at least one of the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods. 15. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 1,
wherein at least one of the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods is capable of expressing information about a structure featuring a physical property to be predicted. 16. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 1,
wherein at least one of the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods is capable of expressing at least one of a substituent, a substitution position of the substituent, a functional group, the number of elements, kinds of elements, valences of elements, a bond order, and an atomic coordinate. 17. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 1,
wherein the physical property is any one or more of an emission spectrum; a half width; emission energy; an excitation spectrum; an absorption spectrum; a transmission spectrum; a reflectance spectrum; a molar absorption coefficient; excitation energy; a transient emission lifetime; a transient absorption lifetime; an S1 level; a T1 level; an Sn level; a Tn level; a Stokes shift value; an emission quantum yield; oscillator strength; an oxidation potential; a reduction potential; a HOMO level; a LUMO level; a glass transition point; a melting point; a crystallization temperature; a decomposition temperature; a boiling point; a sublimation temperature; carrier mobility; a refractive index; an orientation parameter; a mass-to-charge ratio; a spectrum, a chemical shift and the number of the elements, or a coupling constant in an NMR measurement; and a spectrum, a g-factor, a D value, or an E value in an ESR measurement. 18. A system of predicting a physical property, comprising:
an input means; a data server; a learning means configured to learn a correlation between a molecular structure and a physical property of an organic compound, the molecular structure and the physical property being stored in the data server; a means configured to predict a target physical property value on the basis of a result of learning from a molecular structure of an object substance input from the input means; and an output means configured to output the predicted physical property value, wherein a plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods are used at the same time as notation methods of the molecular structure of the organic compound. 19. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 18,
wherein two kinds of fingerprinting methods are used as the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods. 20. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 18,
wherein three kinds of fingerprinting methods are used as the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods. 21. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 18,
wherein the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise at least any one of an Atom pair type, a Circular type, a Substructure key type, and a Path-based type. 22. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 18,
wherein the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods are selected from an Atom pair type, a Circular type, a Substructure key type, and a Path-based type. 23. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 19,
wherein the two kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise an Atom pair type and a Circular type. 24. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 19,
wherein the two kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise a Circular type and a Substructure key type. 12. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 19,
wherein the two kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise a Circular type and a Path-based type. 26. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 19,
wherein the two kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise an Atom pair type and a Substructure key type. 27. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 19,
wherein the two kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise an Atom pair type and a Path-based type. 28. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 20,
wherein the three kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise an Atom pair type, a Substructure key type, and a Circular type. 29. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 18,
wherein r is greater than or equal to 3 when a Circular type is used for one of the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods, and wherein r is the number of bonded elements counted starting from a certain element as 0. 30. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 29,
wherein r is greater than or equal to 5 in the Circular type. 31. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 18,
wherein notations of all organic compounds are different when molecular structures of the organic compounds to be learned are notated using at least one of the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods. 32. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 18,
wherein at least one of the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods is capable of expressing information about a structure featuring a physical property to be predicted. 33. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 18,
wherein at least one of the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods is capable of expressing at least one of a substituent, a substitution position of the substituent, a functional group, the number of elements, kinds of elements, valences of elements, a bond order, and an atomic coordinate. 34. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 18,
wherein the physical property is any one or more of an emission spectrum; a half width; emission energy; an excitation spectrum; an absorption spectrum; a transmission spectrum; a reflectance spectrum; a molar absorption coefficient; excitation energy; a transient emission lifetime; a transient absorption lifetime; an S1 level; a T1 level; an Sn level; a Tn level; a Stokes shift value; an emission quantum yield; oscillator strength; an oxidation potential; a reduction potential; a HOMO level; a LUMO level; a glass transition point; a melting point; a crystallization temperature; a decomposition temperature; a boiling point; a sublimation temperature; carrier mobility; a refractive index; an orientation parameter; a mass-to-charge ratio; a spectrum, a chemical shift and the number of the elements, or a coupling constant in an NMR measurement; and a spectrum, a g-factor, a D value, or an E value in an ESR measurement. | A physical property prediction method that allows anyone to predict a physical property of an organic compound easily and accurately is provided. A physical property prediction system that allows anyone to predict a physical property of an organic compound easily and accurately is provided. Provided are a physical property prediction method including the step of learning a correlation between a molecular structure and a physical property of an organic compound and the step of predicting the target physical property value from the molecular structure of an object substance, and a physical property prediction system. A plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods are used at the same time as notation methods of the molecular structure of the organic compound.1. A method of predicting a physical property, comprising:
the step of learning a correlation between a molecular structure and a physical property of an organic compound; and the step of predicting a target physical property from a molecular structure of an object substance on the basis of a result of learning, wherein a plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods are used at the same time as notation methods of the molecular structure of the organic compound. 2. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 1,
wherein two kinds of fingerprinting methods are used as the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods. 3. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 1,
wherein three kinds of fingerprinting methods are used as the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods. 4. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 1,
wherein the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise at least any one of an Atom pair type, a Circular type, a Substructure key type, and a Path-based type. 5. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 1,
wherein the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods are selected from an Atom pair type, a Circular type, a Substructure key type, and a Path-based type. 6. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 2, wherein the two kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise an Atom pair type and a Circular type. 7. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 2, wherein the two kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise a Circular type and a Substructure key type. 8. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 2, wherein the two kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise a Circular type and a Path-based type. 9. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 2, wherein the two kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise an Atom pair type and a Substructure key type. 10. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 2, wherein the two kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise an Atom pair type and a Path-based type. 11. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 3, wherein the three kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise an Atom pair type, a Substructure key type, and a Circular type. 12. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 1,
wherein r is greater than or equal to 3 when a Circular type is used for one of the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods, and wherein r is the number of bonded elements counted starting from a certain element as 0. 13. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 12,
wherein r is greater than or equal to 5 in the Circular type. 14. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 1,
wherein notations of all organic compounds are different when molecular structures of the organic compounds to be learned are notated using at least one of the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods. 15. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 1,
wherein at least one of the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods is capable of expressing information about a structure featuring a physical property to be predicted. 16. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 1,
wherein at least one of the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods is capable of expressing at least one of a substituent, a substitution position of the substituent, a functional group, the number of elements, kinds of elements, valences of elements, a bond order, and an atomic coordinate. 17. The method of predicting a physical property according to claim 1,
wherein the physical property is any one or more of an emission spectrum; a half width; emission energy; an excitation spectrum; an absorption spectrum; a transmission spectrum; a reflectance spectrum; a molar absorption coefficient; excitation energy; a transient emission lifetime; a transient absorption lifetime; an S1 level; a T1 level; an Sn level; a Tn level; a Stokes shift value; an emission quantum yield; oscillator strength; an oxidation potential; a reduction potential; a HOMO level; a LUMO level; a glass transition point; a melting point; a crystallization temperature; a decomposition temperature; a boiling point; a sublimation temperature; carrier mobility; a refractive index; an orientation parameter; a mass-to-charge ratio; a spectrum, a chemical shift and the number of the elements, or a coupling constant in an NMR measurement; and a spectrum, a g-factor, a D value, or an E value in an ESR measurement. 18. A system of predicting a physical property, comprising:
an input means; a data server; a learning means configured to learn a correlation between a molecular structure and a physical property of an organic compound, the molecular structure and the physical property being stored in the data server; a means configured to predict a target physical property value on the basis of a result of learning from a molecular structure of an object substance input from the input means; and an output means configured to output the predicted physical property value, wherein a plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods are used at the same time as notation methods of the molecular structure of the organic compound. 19. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 18,
wherein two kinds of fingerprinting methods are used as the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods. 20. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 18,
wherein three kinds of fingerprinting methods are used as the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods. 21. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 18,
wherein the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise at least any one of an Atom pair type, a Circular type, a Substructure key type, and a Path-based type. 22. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 18,
wherein the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods are selected from an Atom pair type, a Circular type, a Substructure key type, and a Path-based type. 23. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 19,
wherein the two kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise an Atom pair type and a Circular type. 24. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 19,
wherein the two kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise a Circular type and a Substructure key type. 12. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 19,
wherein the two kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise a Circular type and a Path-based type. 26. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 19,
wherein the two kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise an Atom pair type and a Substructure key type. 27. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 19,
wherein the two kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise an Atom pair type and a Path-based type. 28. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 20,
wherein the three kinds of fingerprinting methods comprise an Atom pair type, a Substructure key type, and a Circular type. 29. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 18,
wherein r is greater than or equal to 3 when a Circular type is used for one of the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods, and wherein r is the number of bonded elements counted starting from a certain element as 0. 30. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 29,
wherein r is greater than or equal to 5 in the Circular type. 31. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 18,
wherein notations of all organic compounds are different when molecular structures of the organic compounds to be learned are notated using at least one of the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods. 32. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 18,
wherein at least one of the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods is capable of expressing information about a structure featuring a physical property to be predicted. 33. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 18,
wherein at least one of the plurality of kinds of fingerprinting methods is capable of expressing at least one of a substituent, a substitution position of the substituent, a functional group, the number of elements, kinds of elements, valences of elements, a bond order, and an atomic coordinate. 34. The system of predicting a physical property according to claim 18,
wherein the physical property is any one or more of an emission spectrum; a half width; emission energy; an excitation spectrum; an absorption spectrum; a transmission spectrum; a reflectance spectrum; a molar absorption coefficient; excitation energy; a transient emission lifetime; a transient absorption lifetime; an S1 level; a T1 level; an Sn level; a Tn level; a Stokes shift value; an emission quantum yield; oscillator strength; an oxidation potential; a reduction potential; a HOMO level; a LUMO level; a glass transition point; a melting point; a crystallization temperature; a decomposition temperature; a boiling point; a sublimation temperature; carrier mobility; a refractive index; an orientation parameter; a mass-to-charge ratio; a spectrum, a chemical shift and the number of the elements, or a coupling constant in an NMR measurement; and a spectrum, a g-factor, a D value, or an E value in an ESR measurement. | 3,700 |
345,164 | 16,643,060 | 3,781 | The present invention relates to a method for producing a paperboard comprising the steps of; providing a furnish comprising cellulosic fibers, applying the furnish on at least one wire to form a web, dewatering the web on said at least one wire by subjecting the web to a pressure above 150 kPa without the use of a press roll nip and thereafter pressing the dewatered web to form a paperboard. The invention also relates to a paperboard and a corrugated board. | 1. A method for producing a paperboard comprising the steps of;
a) providing a furnish comprising cellulosic fibers, b) applying the furnish on at least one wire to form a web, c) dewatering the web on said at least one wire by subjecting the web to a pressure above 150 kPa without the use of a press roll nip and thereafter, d) pressing the dewatered web to form a paperboard. 2. The method according to claim 1 wherein the pressure is above 200 kPa. 3. The method according to claim 1 wherein the web comprises a first and second side and the dewatering is done from both sides of the web. 4. The method according to claim 3 wherein the amount of water removed from the first side of the web is between 35-65% by weight of the total amount of water removed and the water removed from the second side of the web is between 35-65% by weight of the total amount of water removed. 5. The method according to claim 1 wherein the dry content of the web after pressing is above 45% by weight. 6. The method according to claim 1 wherein the density of the paperboard is above 680 kg/m3. 7. The method according to claim 1 wherein the paperboard comprises top, bottom and middle parts, and wherein a difference in density between the top and bottom parts of the paperboard and the middle part of the paperboard is at least 10%. 8. The method according to claim 1 wherein a geometrical SCT index of the paperboard is above 32 Nm/g. 9. The method according to claim 1 wherein the furnish comprises more than 50% by weight of NSSC pulp based on the total fiber amount. 10. The method according to claim 1 wherein the furnish comprises 0.1-10% by weight of microfibrillated cellulose based on the total fiber amount. 11. The method according to claim 1 wherein the increased pressure is achieved by changing the wrap angle of the wire over a roll in a dewatering section and/or by the use of vacuum. 12. The method according to claim 1 wherein the method further comprises the step of corrugating the paperboard, and the paperboard comprises a corrugated medium. 13. The method according to claim 1 wherein the paperboard is a liner. 14. A paperboard comprising a top, a bottom and a middle part wherein the top and bottom parts of the paperboard have a first density and the middle part of the paperboard has a second density wherein the second density is higher than the first density. 15. The paperboard according to claim 14 wherein the second density is at least 10% higher than the first density. 16. The paperboard according to claim 14 wherein the paperboard has a density above 680 kg/m3. 17. The paperboard according to claim 14 wherein the paperboard has a geometrical SCT value above 32 Nm/g. 18. The paperboard according to claim 14 wherein the paperboard comprises more than 50% by weight of NSSC pulp based on the total fiber amount. 19. The paperboard according to claim 14 wherein the paperboard comprises 0.1-10% by weight of microfibrillated cellulose based on the total fiber amount. 20. The paperboard according to claim 14 wherein the paperboard is a liner. 21. The paperboard according to claim 14 wherein the paperboard is a corrugated medium. 22. The paperboard according to claim 21 wherein the corrugated medium has a grammage between 80-220 g/m2. 23. A paperboard produced according to the method according to claim 1. 24. A corrugated board comprising a corrugated medium and at least one liner wherein the corrugated medium and/or liner comprises a top, bottom and middle part wherein the top and bottom parts have a first density and the middle part has a second density wherein the second density is higher than the first density. | The present invention relates to a method for producing a paperboard comprising the steps of; providing a furnish comprising cellulosic fibers, applying the furnish on at least one wire to form a web, dewatering the web on said at least one wire by subjecting the web to a pressure above 150 kPa without the use of a press roll nip and thereafter pressing the dewatered web to form a paperboard. The invention also relates to a paperboard and a corrugated board.1. A method for producing a paperboard comprising the steps of;
a) providing a furnish comprising cellulosic fibers, b) applying the furnish on at least one wire to form a web, c) dewatering the web on said at least one wire by subjecting the web to a pressure above 150 kPa without the use of a press roll nip and thereafter, d) pressing the dewatered web to form a paperboard. 2. The method according to claim 1 wherein the pressure is above 200 kPa. 3. The method according to claim 1 wherein the web comprises a first and second side and the dewatering is done from both sides of the web. 4. The method according to claim 3 wherein the amount of water removed from the first side of the web is between 35-65% by weight of the total amount of water removed and the water removed from the second side of the web is between 35-65% by weight of the total amount of water removed. 5. The method according to claim 1 wherein the dry content of the web after pressing is above 45% by weight. 6. The method according to claim 1 wherein the density of the paperboard is above 680 kg/m3. 7. The method according to claim 1 wherein the paperboard comprises top, bottom and middle parts, and wherein a difference in density between the top and bottom parts of the paperboard and the middle part of the paperboard is at least 10%. 8. The method according to claim 1 wherein a geometrical SCT index of the paperboard is above 32 Nm/g. 9. The method according to claim 1 wherein the furnish comprises more than 50% by weight of NSSC pulp based on the total fiber amount. 10. The method according to claim 1 wherein the furnish comprises 0.1-10% by weight of microfibrillated cellulose based on the total fiber amount. 11. The method according to claim 1 wherein the increased pressure is achieved by changing the wrap angle of the wire over a roll in a dewatering section and/or by the use of vacuum. 12. The method according to claim 1 wherein the method further comprises the step of corrugating the paperboard, and the paperboard comprises a corrugated medium. 13. The method according to claim 1 wherein the paperboard is a liner. 14. A paperboard comprising a top, a bottom and a middle part wherein the top and bottom parts of the paperboard have a first density and the middle part of the paperboard has a second density wherein the second density is higher than the first density. 15. The paperboard according to claim 14 wherein the second density is at least 10% higher than the first density. 16. The paperboard according to claim 14 wherein the paperboard has a density above 680 kg/m3. 17. The paperboard according to claim 14 wherein the paperboard has a geometrical SCT value above 32 Nm/g. 18. The paperboard according to claim 14 wherein the paperboard comprises more than 50% by weight of NSSC pulp based on the total fiber amount. 19. The paperboard according to claim 14 wherein the paperboard comprises 0.1-10% by weight of microfibrillated cellulose based on the total fiber amount. 20. The paperboard according to claim 14 wherein the paperboard is a liner. 21. The paperboard according to claim 14 wherein the paperboard is a corrugated medium. 22. The paperboard according to claim 21 wherein the corrugated medium has a grammage between 80-220 g/m2. 23. A paperboard produced according to the method according to claim 1. 24. A corrugated board comprising a corrugated medium and at least one liner wherein the corrugated medium and/or liner comprises a top, bottom and middle part wherein the top and bottom parts have a first density and the middle part has a second density wherein the second density is higher than the first density. | 3,700 |
345,165 | 16,642,963 | 3,781 | A methylsilicic acid hydrogel is produced by reacting a solution of sodium methyl siliconate with a gaseous acid agent. The resulting product is vacuumised to remove residual gas, and washed with water. A significant OH-group content in the hydrogel, which results from bubbling the gaseous acid agent through the solution of sodium methyl siliconate, makes it possible to increase the selectivity of the adsorption properties when the hydrogel is used in medicine and veterinary science. | 1. A method of producing a methylsilisic acid hydrogel with properties of supramolecular structures, the method using a solution of sodium methyl siliconate, wherein a gaseous acid agent is passed through the solution of sodium methyl siliconate fed in a reactor, for bubbling, the resulting product is floated in a neck of the reactor, after the end of the process the product is discharged from the reactor, vacuumised to remove residual gas, and washed with water purified to pH 6.5-7.0 without residual amounts of anions, obtaining the methylsilisic acid hydrogel with properties of supramolecular structures, which is described by the formula:
[{CH3Si(OH)2O0,5}a/n{CH3Si(OH)O)}b/n{CH3SiO1,5}·c/n}·H2O, where 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the bubbling time is 45 minutes, the bubbling rate is 333 ml of the gaseous agent per minute. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gaseous acid agent is carbon dioxide which s fed through the bottom valve of the reactor by operating in a closed system. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gaseous acid agent is carbon dioxide which is fed through the top valve of the reactor by operating in an open system. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gaseous acid agent is sulfur oxide (IV) —SO2. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gaseous acid agent is hydrogen sulfide —H2S. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gaseous acid agent is sulfur oxide (VI) —SO3. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gaseous acid agent is hydrogen chloride —HCl. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sodium methyl siliconate is added dropwise through a comb over the hydrophobic surface of the trough placed in the gaseous acid. agent medium for 20 minutes. 10. A methylsilisic acid hydrogel with properties of supramolecular structures, which is described by the formula:
[{CH3Si(OH)2O0,5}a/n{CH3Si(OH)O)}b/n{CH3SiO1,5}c/n}·xH2O, where | A methylsilicic acid hydrogel is produced by reacting a solution of sodium methyl siliconate with a gaseous acid agent. The resulting product is vacuumised to remove residual gas, and washed with water. A significant OH-group content in the hydrogel, which results from bubbling the gaseous acid agent through the solution of sodium methyl siliconate, makes it possible to increase the selectivity of the adsorption properties when the hydrogel is used in medicine and veterinary science.1. A method of producing a methylsilisic acid hydrogel with properties of supramolecular structures, the method using a solution of sodium methyl siliconate, wherein a gaseous acid agent is passed through the solution of sodium methyl siliconate fed in a reactor, for bubbling, the resulting product is floated in a neck of the reactor, after the end of the process the product is discharged from the reactor, vacuumised to remove residual gas, and washed with water purified to pH 6.5-7.0 without residual amounts of anions, obtaining the methylsilisic acid hydrogel with properties of supramolecular structures, which is described by the formula:
[{CH3Si(OH)2O0,5}a/n{CH3Si(OH)O)}b/n{CH3SiO1,5}·c/n}·H2O, where 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the bubbling time is 45 minutes, the bubbling rate is 333 ml of the gaseous agent per minute. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gaseous acid agent is carbon dioxide which s fed through the bottom valve of the reactor by operating in a closed system. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gaseous acid agent is carbon dioxide which is fed through the top valve of the reactor by operating in an open system. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gaseous acid agent is sulfur oxide (IV) —SO2. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gaseous acid agent is hydrogen sulfide —H2S. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gaseous acid agent is sulfur oxide (VI) —SO3. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gaseous acid agent is hydrogen chloride —HCl. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sodium methyl siliconate is added dropwise through a comb over the hydrophobic surface of the trough placed in the gaseous acid. agent medium for 20 minutes. 10. A methylsilisic acid hydrogel with properties of supramolecular structures, which is described by the formula:
[{CH3Si(OH)2O0,5}a/n{CH3Si(OH)O)}b/n{CH3SiO1,5}c/n}·xH2O, where | 3,700 |
345,166 | 16,643,084 | 3,781 | A process knowledge system for traditional Chinese medicine production includes a database module having production data acquisition and storage units. The production data acquisition unit acquires process parameter data in production. The parameter data includes quality and process data and is stored in the storage unit. A capability evaluation module evaluates the process capability of the system according to the quality data to obtain a process capability evaluation result. A monitoring feedback module enters a whole-process monitoring mode the process capability is found sufficient. A design space searching module enters a design space searching mode when the process capability is found insufficient. Release parameters are determined or a design space is searched for through process capability evaluation, so that a production process knowledge system stepwise regresses into a knowledge process system capable of realizing intelligent regulation and feedback of the traditional Chinese medicine production process. | 1. A process control method for traditional Chinese medicine production, comprising:
acquiring process parameter data in production, wherein the process parameter data comprises quality data and process data; evaluating a process capability of a system to obtain a process capability evaluation result according to the quality data; entering a whole-process monitoring mode if the process capability evaluation result is sufficient; entering a design space searching mode according to the process data if the process capability evaluation result is insufficient. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the entering a design space searching mode comprises:
acquiring the process data, wherein the process data comprises quality parameters of an intermediate obtained in a previous work section; selecting a type of a critical quality attribute according to work section production conditions; screening out process data relating to the critical quality attribute, and using the screened-out process data as a critical process parameter; establishing a relationship model between the critical process parameter and the critical quality attribute; and acquiring a design space according to the relationship model, wherein the design space is a specific range corresponding to the critical quality attribute. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein after the entering a design space searching mode, the method further comprises:
releasing parameters according to the acquired design space; re-evaluating the process capability of the system to obtain a process capability re-evaluation result; entering the whole-process monitoring mode if the process capability re-evaluation result is sufficient; mining potential parameters of the design space if the process capability re-evaluation result is insufficient. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the mining potential parameters of the design space comprises:
receiving a request for mining potential parameters of the design space, wherein the request comprises work section condition information corresponding to the design space; acquiring a critical quality attribute corresponding to a work section and determining a potential parameter set, according to the work section condition information; testing determined potential parameters to obtain to-be-verified potential parameters; and verifying the to-be-verified potential parameters to obtain the potential parameters of the design space. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the evaluating a process capability of a system to obtain a process capability evaluation result comprises:
acquiring quality data to obtain a quality sample, wherein the quality data is performance parameters of an intermediate in a production process; obtaining a process average value and a process standard deviation according to the quality sample; carrying out data screening on the quality sample to obtain a quality control standard sample; obtaining a quality control standard upper limit and/or lower limit according to the quality control standard sample; obtaining a standard median value and a process dispersion value according to the quality control standard upper limit and lower limit, wherein, 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the entering a whole-process monitoring mode comprises multi-parameter recognition which comprises:
acquiring multiple training samples to form a training sample set, wherein each said training sample comprises multiple process parameters, each said process parameter comprises a corresponding attribute parameter and a corresponding class, and there are multiple combinations of the attribute parameters and classes; acquiring a distribution transmission information value of the training sample set according to the classes in the training sample set; acquiring an information gain of each said process parameter according to the distribution transmission information value; selecting the process parameter with a maximum information gain as a split node to establish a decision tree; and carrying out class recognition on new data according to the decision tree. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the entering a whole-process monitoring mode comprises process parameter-based result feedback which comprises:
receiving a result feedback request, wherein the result feedback request comprises an intermediate result type; acquiring process parameters corresponding to the feedback request to form a process parameter set, wherein the process parameters are multi-dimensional parameters; and inputting the process parameter set to a result feedback neural network model, wherein the result feedback neural network model is obtained by training with process parameter samples; and acquiring an output result of the result feedback neural network model. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the result feedback neural network model is obtained by training with the process parameter samples via the following steps:
acquiring data of process parameter samples to be trained, wherein the process parameter samples comprise multiple process parameter sets and corresponding given target values; establishing an initial network model, wherein the initial network model comprises an input layer, a hidden layer, an output layer, an initial weight and an initial offset; and updating the initial weight and the initial offset through a back-propagation method until weight convergence is realized, so as to obtain the result feedback neural network model. 9. A process knowledge system for traditional Chinese medicine production, comprising:
a database module, comprising a production data acquisition unit and a storage unit, wherein the production data acquisition unit is used for acquiring process parameter data in production, the parameter data comprises quality data and process data, and the storage unit is used for storing the acquired process parameter data; a capability evaluation module, used for evaluating a process capability of a system to obtain a process capability evaluation result according to the quality data; a monitoring feedback module, used for entering a whole-process monitoring mode in response to the process capability evaluation result is sufficient; and a design space searching module, used for entering a design space searching mode in response to the process capability evaluation result is insufficient. 10. The system according to claim 9, wherein the design space searching module comprises:
a process data unit, used for acquiring the process data, wherein the process data comprises quality parameters of an intermediate obtained in a previous work section; a CQA unit, used for selecting a type of a critical quality attribute according to work section production conditions; a CPP unit, used for screening out process data relating to the critical quality attribute to use the screened-out process data as a critical process parameter; a design space model unit, used for establishing a relationship model between the critical process parameter and the critical quality attribute; and a space unit, used for acquiring a design space according to the relationship model, wherein the design space is a specific range corresponding to the critical quality attribute. 11. The system according to claim 9, wherein the system further comprises a mining module which comprises:
a mining request unit, used for receiving a request for mining potential parameters of a design space, wherein the request comprises work section condition information corresponding to the design space; a determining unit, used for acquiring a critical quality attribute corresponding to a work section and determining a potential parameter set according to the work section condition information; a mining execution unit, used for testing determined potential parameters to obtain to-be-verified potential parameters; and a verification unit, used for verifying the to-be-verified potential parameters to obtain the potential parameters of the design space. 12. The system according to claim 9, wherein the capability evaluation module comprises:
a data acquisition unit, used for acquiring quality data to obtain a quality sample, wherein the quality data are performance parameters of an intermediate in a production process; a process processing unit, used for obtaining a process average value and a process standard deviation according to the quality sample; a screening unit, used for carrying out data screening on the quality sample to obtain a quality control standard sample; a standard range unit, used for obtaining a quality control standard upper limit and/or lower limit according to the quality control standard sample; an evaluation value unit, used for obtaining a standard median value and a process dispersion value according to the quality control standard upper limit and lower limit, wherein, 13. The system according to claim 9, wherein the monitoring feedback module is used for multi-dimensional parameter recognition and comprises:
a training sample acquisition unit, used for acquiring multiple training samples to form a training sample set, wherein each said training sample comprises multiple process parameters, each said process parameter comprises a corresponding attribute parameter and a corresponding class, and there are multiple combinations of the attribute parameters and classes; a distribution transmission unit, used for acquiring a distribution transmission information value of the training sample set according to the classes in the training sample set; a gain unit, used for acquiring an information gain of each said process parameter according to the distribution transmission information value; a decision tree unit, used for selecting the process parameter with a maximum information gain as a split node to establish a decision tree; and a data recognition unit, used for carrying out class recognition on new data according to the decision tree. 14. The system according to claim 9, wherein the monitoring feedback module is used for carrying out result feedback based on process parameters and comprises:
a result feedback request unit, used for receiving a result feedback request which comprises an intermediate result type; a parameter unit, used for acquiring process parameters corresponding to the feedback request to form a process parameter set, wherein the process parameters are multi-dimensional parameters; a result feedback neural network model input unit, used for inputting the process parameter set to a result feedback neural network model obtained by training process parameter samples; and a result feedback neural network model output unit, used for acquiring an output result of the result feedback neural network model. 15. The system according to claim 14, wherein the monitoring feedback module further comprises a result feedback neural network model training unit which comprises:
a training sample acquisition unit, used for acquiring data of process parameter samples to be trained, wherein the process parameter samples comprise multiple process parameter sets and corresponding given target values; an initial model unit, used for establishing an initial network model which comprises an input layer, a hidden layer, an output layer, an initial weight and an initial offset; and a weight updating unit, used for updating the initial weight and the initial offset through a back-propagation method until weight convergence is realized, so as to obtain the result feedback neural network model. | A process knowledge system for traditional Chinese medicine production includes a database module having production data acquisition and storage units. The production data acquisition unit acquires process parameter data in production. The parameter data includes quality and process data and is stored in the storage unit. A capability evaluation module evaluates the process capability of the system according to the quality data to obtain a process capability evaluation result. A monitoring feedback module enters a whole-process monitoring mode the process capability is found sufficient. A design space searching module enters a design space searching mode when the process capability is found insufficient. Release parameters are determined or a design space is searched for through process capability evaluation, so that a production process knowledge system stepwise regresses into a knowledge process system capable of realizing intelligent regulation and feedback of the traditional Chinese medicine production process.1. A process control method for traditional Chinese medicine production, comprising:
acquiring process parameter data in production, wherein the process parameter data comprises quality data and process data; evaluating a process capability of a system to obtain a process capability evaluation result according to the quality data; entering a whole-process monitoring mode if the process capability evaluation result is sufficient; entering a design space searching mode according to the process data if the process capability evaluation result is insufficient. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the entering a design space searching mode comprises:
acquiring the process data, wherein the process data comprises quality parameters of an intermediate obtained in a previous work section; selecting a type of a critical quality attribute according to work section production conditions; screening out process data relating to the critical quality attribute, and using the screened-out process data as a critical process parameter; establishing a relationship model between the critical process parameter and the critical quality attribute; and acquiring a design space according to the relationship model, wherein the design space is a specific range corresponding to the critical quality attribute. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein after the entering a design space searching mode, the method further comprises:
releasing parameters according to the acquired design space; re-evaluating the process capability of the system to obtain a process capability re-evaluation result; entering the whole-process monitoring mode if the process capability re-evaluation result is sufficient; mining potential parameters of the design space if the process capability re-evaluation result is insufficient. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the mining potential parameters of the design space comprises:
receiving a request for mining potential parameters of the design space, wherein the request comprises work section condition information corresponding to the design space; acquiring a critical quality attribute corresponding to a work section and determining a potential parameter set, according to the work section condition information; testing determined potential parameters to obtain to-be-verified potential parameters; and verifying the to-be-verified potential parameters to obtain the potential parameters of the design space. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the evaluating a process capability of a system to obtain a process capability evaluation result comprises:
acquiring quality data to obtain a quality sample, wherein the quality data is performance parameters of an intermediate in a production process; obtaining a process average value and a process standard deviation according to the quality sample; carrying out data screening on the quality sample to obtain a quality control standard sample; obtaining a quality control standard upper limit and/or lower limit according to the quality control standard sample; obtaining a standard median value and a process dispersion value according to the quality control standard upper limit and lower limit, wherein, 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the entering a whole-process monitoring mode comprises multi-parameter recognition which comprises:
acquiring multiple training samples to form a training sample set, wherein each said training sample comprises multiple process parameters, each said process parameter comprises a corresponding attribute parameter and a corresponding class, and there are multiple combinations of the attribute parameters and classes; acquiring a distribution transmission information value of the training sample set according to the classes in the training sample set; acquiring an information gain of each said process parameter according to the distribution transmission information value; selecting the process parameter with a maximum information gain as a split node to establish a decision tree; and carrying out class recognition on new data according to the decision tree. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the entering a whole-process monitoring mode comprises process parameter-based result feedback which comprises:
receiving a result feedback request, wherein the result feedback request comprises an intermediate result type; acquiring process parameters corresponding to the feedback request to form a process parameter set, wherein the process parameters are multi-dimensional parameters; and inputting the process parameter set to a result feedback neural network model, wherein the result feedback neural network model is obtained by training with process parameter samples; and acquiring an output result of the result feedback neural network model. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the result feedback neural network model is obtained by training with the process parameter samples via the following steps:
acquiring data of process parameter samples to be trained, wherein the process parameter samples comprise multiple process parameter sets and corresponding given target values; establishing an initial network model, wherein the initial network model comprises an input layer, a hidden layer, an output layer, an initial weight and an initial offset; and updating the initial weight and the initial offset through a back-propagation method until weight convergence is realized, so as to obtain the result feedback neural network model. 9. A process knowledge system for traditional Chinese medicine production, comprising:
a database module, comprising a production data acquisition unit and a storage unit, wherein the production data acquisition unit is used for acquiring process parameter data in production, the parameter data comprises quality data and process data, and the storage unit is used for storing the acquired process parameter data; a capability evaluation module, used for evaluating a process capability of a system to obtain a process capability evaluation result according to the quality data; a monitoring feedback module, used for entering a whole-process monitoring mode in response to the process capability evaluation result is sufficient; and a design space searching module, used for entering a design space searching mode in response to the process capability evaluation result is insufficient. 10. The system according to claim 9, wherein the design space searching module comprises:
a process data unit, used for acquiring the process data, wherein the process data comprises quality parameters of an intermediate obtained in a previous work section; a CQA unit, used for selecting a type of a critical quality attribute according to work section production conditions; a CPP unit, used for screening out process data relating to the critical quality attribute to use the screened-out process data as a critical process parameter; a design space model unit, used for establishing a relationship model between the critical process parameter and the critical quality attribute; and a space unit, used for acquiring a design space according to the relationship model, wherein the design space is a specific range corresponding to the critical quality attribute. 11. The system according to claim 9, wherein the system further comprises a mining module which comprises:
a mining request unit, used for receiving a request for mining potential parameters of a design space, wherein the request comprises work section condition information corresponding to the design space; a determining unit, used for acquiring a critical quality attribute corresponding to a work section and determining a potential parameter set according to the work section condition information; a mining execution unit, used for testing determined potential parameters to obtain to-be-verified potential parameters; and a verification unit, used for verifying the to-be-verified potential parameters to obtain the potential parameters of the design space. 12. The system according to claim 9, wherein the capability evaluation module comprises:
a data acquisition unit, used for acquiring quality data to obtain a quality sample, wherein the quality data are performance parameters of an intermediate in a production process; a process processing unit, used for obtaining a process average value and a process standard deviation according to the quality sample; a screening unit, used for carrying out data screening on the quality sample to obtain a quality control standard sample; a standard range unit, used for obtaining a quality control standard upper limit and/or lower limit according to the quality control standard sample; an evaluation value unit, used for obtaining a standard median value and a process dispersion value according to the quality control standard upper limit and lower limit, wherein, 13. The system according to claim 9, wherein the monitoring feedback module is used for multi-dimensional parameter recognition and comprises:
a training sample acquisition unit, used for acquiring multiple training samples to form a training sample set, wherein each said training sample comprises multiple process parameters, each said process parameter comprises a corresponding attribute parameter and a corresponding class, and there are multiple combinations of the attribute parameters and classes; a distribution transmission unit, used for acquiring a distribution transmission information value of the training sample set according to the classes in the training sample set; a gain unit, used for acquiring an information gain of each said process parameter according to the distribution transmission information value; a decision tree unit, used for selecting the process parameter with a maximum information gain as a split node to establish a decision tree; and a data recognition unit, used for carrying out class recognition on new data according to the decision tree. 14. The system according to claim 9, wherein the monitoring feedback module is used for carrying out result feedback based on process parameters and comprises:
a result feedback request unit, used for receiving a result feedback request which comprises an intermediate result type; a parameter unit, used for acquiring process parameters corresponding to the feedback request to form a process parameter set, wherein the process parameters are multi-dimensional parameters; a result feedback neural network model input unit, used for inputting the process parameter set to a result feedback neural network model obtained by training process parameter samples; and a result feedback neural network model output unit, used for acquiring an output result of the result feedback neural network model. 15. The system according to claim 14, wherein the monitoring feedback module further comprises a result feedback neural network model training unit which comprises:
a training sample acquisition unit, used for acquiring data of process parameter samples to be trained, wherein the process parameter samples comprise multiple process parameter sets and corresponding given target values; an initial model unit, used for establishing an initial network model which comprises an input layer, a hidden layer, an output layer, an initial weight and an initial offset; and a weight updating unit, used for updating the initial weight and the initial offset through a back-propagation method until weight convergence is realized, so as to obtain the result feedback neural network model. | 3,700 |
345,167 | 16,643,100 | 3,781 | Disclosed are a joint manipulation device and system for increasing the range of motion of a joint of a user, and monitoring the compliance of the user's operation of the joint manipulation device to standards or guidelines set by a monitoring entity. Certain sensors associated with the joint manipulation device may cause an indicator to transmit an alert to the user based on whether or not the device is sufficiently engaged with a limb or joint of the user to be considered in compliance. Additionally, progress data associated with the range of motion of the user's joint may be obtained by a sensor assembly and transmitted to one or more systems associated with the device system. Progress data obtained during a period of non-compliant use of the device may be excluded from the transmitted data, thereby generating a set of compliant progress data for accurate analysis of device effectiveness. | 1. A system for measuring and monitoring a joint manipulation device system, the system comprising:
one or more memory devices; and one or more processing devices operatively coupled to the memory device, wherein the one or more processing devices are configured to execute computer-readable computer program code to:
receive compliance data corresponding to a joint manipulation device system associated with compliant operation of a joint manipulation device by a user;
compare the received compliance data with predetermined compliant conditions;
receive progress data corresponding to the joint manipulation device system, wherein the progress data comprises at least one of pressure data, force data, time data, and range of motion data associated with a joint of the user;
aggregate the received progress data into effectiveness data, wherein progress data collected during a period of non-compliance is excluded from the effectiveness data; and
in response to aggregating the received progress data into effectiveness data, transmit the effectiveness data to one or more third party systems. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more processing devices are further configured to execute computer-readable computer program code to:
provide an indication of a compliant status to the user at an indicator based on the comparison of the received compliance data and the predetermined compliant conditions. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein providing an indication of a compliant status to the user at an indicator based on the comparison of the received compliance data and the predetermined compliant conditions further comprises:
determining that the received compliance data does not meet the predetermined compliant conditions; and transmitting control signals configured to cause a speaker device associated with the joint manipulation device system to emit a first audible alert to the user, wherein the first audible alert is associated with non-compliant use of the joint manipulation device. 4. The system of claim 2, wherein providing an indication of a compliant status to the user at an indicator based on the comparison of the received compliance data and the predetermined compliant conditions further comprises:
determining that the received compliance data does meet the predetermined compliant conditions; and transmitting control signals configured to cause a speaker device associated with the joint manipulation device system to emit a second audible alert to the user, wherein the second audible alert is associated with compliant use of the joint manipulation device. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more processing devices are further configured to execute computer-readable computer program code to:
compare the effectiveness data with predetermined goals associated with compliance of the user in operating the joint manipulation device; determine, based on the comparison, that a feature of the joint manipulation device needs to be adjusted to meet one of the predetermined goals; in response to determining that the feature needs to be adjusted, transmitting control signals configured to cause the joint manipulation device to adjust the feature. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more processing devices are further configured to execute computer-readable program code to:
receive input from the one or more third party systems, wherein the input comprises a recommendation to adjust a feature of the joint manipulation device to maintain compliance from a medical professional associated with the user; in response to receiving the input, transmit control signals configured to cause the joint manipulation device to adjust the feature or to cause communication of a notification to a device technician to adjust the feature. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the compliance data comprises at least a pressure exerted between a limb engaging member of the joint manipulation device and a portion of a limb of the user associated with the joint of the user. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the compliance data meets the predetermined compliant conditions when the pressure exerted between the limb engaging member of the joint manipulation device and the portion of the limb of the user associated with the joint of the user is at or above a predetermined threshold pressure value. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the range of motion data comprises a minimum and a maximum degree of rotation for the joint of the user, as measured by one or more sensors of the joint manipulation device system. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the time data comprises one or more periods of time during which the joint manipulation device system was operated in compliance with the predetermined compliant conditions. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the effectiveness data is transmitted to one or more doctors, physical therapists, or insurance provider organizations associated with the user or the joint manipulation device system. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the compliance data and the progress data are received from the joint manipulation device system. 13. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises a mobile device running an application for receiving the compliance data and progress data as inputs self-reported by the user. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the range of motion data comprises a minimum and a maximum degree of rotation for the joint of the user, as measured from one or more pictures taken by the user using the application running on the mobile device. 15. A device for manipulation of a joint of a limb of a user and for measuring at least one aspect of the manipulation, wherein the device comprises:
a limb engaging member; a joint manipulation assembly; one or more sensors configured to measure manipulation of the joint of the user; and a communication device operatively connected to the one or more sensors, the communication device configured to transmit measurements through a network to an application running on a mobile device of a user. 16. The device of claim 15, wherein the device further comprises:
a pressure switch operatively coupled to the limb engaging member or the joint manipulation assembly comprising a first orientation associated with a measured pressure of less than a predetermined pressure threshold, and a second orientation associated with a measured pressure equal to or greater than the predetermined threshold, wherein:
in the first orientation, electronic components of the device are turned off or are in a low energy mode; and
in the second orientation, the electronic components of the device are turned on or are in an operational mode. 17. The device of claim 15, wherein the one or more sensors comprise:
one or more force sensors configured to measure a force exerted by the limb of the user on at least a portion of the device. 18. The device of claim 17, wherein the device further comprises:
a speaker device configured to emit a first audible alert when the force exerted by the limb of the user is below a predetermined threshold value, and wherein the speaker device is configured to emit a second audible alert when the force exerted by the limb of the user is above the predetermined threshold value. 19. The device of claim 17, wherein the one or more sensors comprise:
one or more angle sensors configured to measure an angle of the joint. 20. The device of claim 17, wherein the one or more sensors comprise:
one or more position sensors configured to measure a position of at least a portion of the limb relative to the one or more position sensors. 21. The device of claim 17, wherein the joint manipulation assembly adjusts a position of at least a portion of the limb relative to the measured force exerted by the limb of the user. 22. The device of claim 17, wherein the joint manipulation assembly adjusts a resistive force applied to at least a portion of the limb relative to the measured force exerted by the limb of the user. 23. The device of claim 17, wherein the joint manipulation assembly adjusts an angle of the joint relative to the measured force exerted by the limb of the user. 24. The device of claim 14, wherein the device further comprises:
a display, wherein the display can be configured to present one or more notifications to the user, wherein in response to a measurement of the one or more sensors configured to measure manipulation of the joint of the user, the display presents a request for at least a portion of the joint manipulation device to be adjusted by the user. 25. The device of claim 17, wherein the device further comprises:
a data acquisition system configured to acquire data associated with the joint manipulation assembly and the one or more sensors. 26. The device of claim 25, wherein the data acquisition system is configured to transmit the acquired data to one or more monitoring systems. 27. A method for measuring and monitoring a joint manipulation device, the method comprising:
receiving force data comprising at least a force value from a force sensor associated with a limb engaging portion of a joint manipulation device; determining that the force value is below a force threshold value and causing electronic components of the joint manipulation device to operate in a low energy state; or determining that the force value is equal to or above the force threshold value and causing the electronic components of the joint manipulation device to operate in a data collection and transmission state, wherein while the force value is equal to or above the force threshold value, the method further comprises:
causing an indicator to operate in a first configuration associated with proper use of the joint manipulation device;
acquiring, from one or more position sensors, positional information associated with the joint manipulation device;
acquiring timing information associated with the joint manipulation device; and
transmitting, from one or more communication devices associated with the joint manipulation device, the acquired positional information and timing information to a monitoring system. 28. A system for measuring and monitoring user compliance with a joint manipulation device comprising:
at least one limb engaging member; one or more electronic components operatively coupled to the at least one limb engaging member; a joint manipulation assembly operatively coupled to the at least one limb engaging member; and a force switch operatively coupled to the at least one limb engaging member, wherein the force switch is configured to be in a first orientation in response to measuring a force amount below a threshold value, and wherein the force switch is configured to be in a second orientation in response to measuring a force amount that is at or above the threshold value; 29. A system for measuring and monitoring a joint manipulation device system, the system comprising:
one or more memory devices; and one or more processing devices operatively coupled to the memory device, wherein the one or more processing devices are configured to execute computer-readable computer program code to:
receive compliance data from a joint manipulation device system associated with compliant operation of a joint manipulation device by a user;
compare the received compliance data with predetermined compliant conditions;
determine, based on the comparison of the received compliance data with the predetermined compliant conditions, whether the joint manipulation device is currently compliant with the predetermined compliant conditions;
in response to determining that the joint manipulation device is currently compliant with the predetermined compliant conditions, transmit control signals configured to cause a speaker associated with the joint manipulation device to emit an audible alert representing the compliant operation of the joint manipulation device; or
in response to determining that the joint manipulation device is currently not compliant with the predetermined compliant conditions, transmit control signals configured to cause the speaker associated with the joint manipulation device to emit an audible alert representing the not compliant operation of the joint manipulation device. 30. A system for measuring and monitoring a joint manipulation device comprising:
at least one limb engaging member; a joint manipulation assembly operatively coupled to the at least one limb engaging member; and one or more electronic components operatively coupled to the at least one limb engaging member, wherein the one or more electronic components include at least one sensor for measuring a function of the joint manipulation device associated with compliant operation of the joint manipulation device; | Disclosed are a joint manipulation device and system for increasing the range of motion of a joint of a user, and monitoring the compliance of the user's operation of the joint manipulation device to standards or guidelines set by a monitoring entity. Certain sensors associated with the joint manipulation device may cause an indicator to transmit an alert to the user based on whether or not the device is sufficiently engaged with a limb or joint of the user to be considered in compliance. Additionally, progress data associated with the range of motion of the user's joint may be obtained by a sensor assembly and transmitted to one or more systems associated with the device system. Progress data obtained during a period of non-compliant use of the device may be excluded from the transmitted data, thereby generating a set of compliant progress data for accurate analysis of device effectiveness.1. A system for measuring and monitoring a joint manipulation device system, the system comprising:
one or more memory devices; and one or more processing devices operatively coupled to the memory device, wherein the one or more processing devices are configured to execute computer-readable computer program code to:
receive compliance data corresponding to a joint manipulation device system associated with compliant operation of a joint manipulation device by a user;
compare the received compliance data with predetermined compliant conditions;
receive progress data corresponding to the joint manipulation device system, wherein the progress data comprises at least one of pressure data, force data, time data, and range of motion data associated with a joint of the user;
aggregate the received progress data into effectiveness data, wherein progress data collected during a period of non-compliance is excluded from the effectiveness data; and
in response to aggregating the received progress data into effectiveness data, transmit the effectiveness data to one or more third party systems. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more processing devices are further configured to execute computer-readable computer program code to:
provide an indication of a compliant status to the user at an indicator based on the comparison of the received compliance data and the predetermined compliant conditions. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein providing an indication of a compliant status to the user at an indicator based on the comparison of the received compliance data and the predetermined compliant conditions further comprises:
determining that the received compliance data does not meet the predetermined compliant conditions; and transmitting control signals configured to cause a speaker device associated with the joint manipulation device system to emit a first audible alert to the user, wherein the first audible alert is associated with non-compliant use of the joint manipulation device. 4. The system of claim 2, wherein providing an indication of a compliant status to the user at an indicator based on the comparison of the received compliance data and the predetermined compliant conditions further comprises:
determining that the received compliance data does meet the predetermined compliant conditions; and transmitting control signals configured to cause a speaker device associated with the joint manipulation device system to emit a second audible alert to the user, wherein the second audible alert is associated with compliant use of the joint manipulation device. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more processing devices are further configured to execute computer-readable computer program code to:
compare the effectiveness data with predetermined goals associated with compliance of the user in operating the joint manipulation device; determine, based on the comparison, that a feature of the joint manipulation device needs to be adjusted to meet one of the predetermined goals; in response to determining that the feature needs to be adjusted, transmitting control signals configured to cause the joint manipulation device to adjust the feature. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more processing devices are further configured to execute computer-readable program code to:
receive input from the one or more third party systems, wherein the input comprises a recommendation to adjust a feature of the joint manipulation device to maintain compliance from a medical professional associated with the user; in response to receiving the input, transmit control signals configured to cause the joint manipulation device to adjust the feature or to cause communication of a notification to a device technician to adjust the feature. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the compliance data comprises at least a pressure exerted between a limb engaging member of the joint manipulation device and a portion of a limb of the user associated with the joint of the user. 8. The system of claim 7, wherein the compliance data meets the predetermined compliant conditions when the pressure exerted between the limb engaging member of the joint manipulation device and the portion of the limb of the user associated with the joint of the user is at or above a predetermined threshold pressure value. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the range of motion data comprises a minimum and a maximum degree of rotation for the joint of the user, as measured by one or more sensors of the joint manipulation device system. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the time data comprises one or more periods of time during which the joint manipulation device system was operated in compliance with the predetermined compliant conditions. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the effectiveness data is transmitted to one or more doctors, physical therapists, or insurance provider organizations associated with the user or the joint manipulation device system. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the compliance data and the progress data are received from the joint manipulation device system. 13. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises a mobile device running an application for receiving the compliance data and progress data as inputs self-reported by the user. 14. The system of claim 13, wherein the range of motion data comprises a minimum and a maximum degree of rotation for the joint of the user, as measured from one or more pictures taken by the user using the application running on the mobile device. 15. A device for manipulation of a joint of a limb of a user and for measuring at least one aspect of the manipulation, wherein the device comprises:
a limb engaging member; a joint manipulation assembly; one or more sensors configured to measure manipulation of the joint of the user; and a communication device operatively connected to the one or more sensors, the communication device configured to transmit measurements through a network to an application running on a mobile device of a user. 16. The device of claim 15, wherein the device further comprises:
a pressure switch operatively coupled to the limb engaging member or the joint manipulation assembly comprising a first orientation associated with a measured pressure of less than a predetermined pressure threshold, and a second orientation associated with a measured pressure equal to or greater than the predetermined threshold, wherein:
in the first orientation, electronic components of the device are turned off or are in a low energy mode; and
in the second orientation, the electronic components of the device are turned on or are in an operational mode. 17. The device of claim 15, wherein the one or more sensors comprise:
one or more force sensors configured to measure a force exerted by the limb of the user on at least a portion of the device. 18. The device of claim 17, wherein the device further comprises:
a speaker device configured to emit a first audible alert when the force exerted by the limb of the user is below a predetermined threshold value, and wherein the speaker device is configured to emit a second audible alert when the force exerted by the limb of the user is above the predetermined threshold value. 19. The device of claim 17, wherein the one or more sensors comprise:
one or more angle sensors configured to measure an angle of the joint. 20. The device of claim 17, wherein the one or more sensors comprise:
one or more position sensors configured to measure a position of at least a portion of the limb relative to the one or more position sensors. 21. The device of claim 17, wherein the joint manipulation assembly adjusts a position of at least a portion of the limb relative to the measured force exerted by the limb of the user. 22. The device of claim 17, wherein the joint manipulation assembly adjusts a resistive force applied to at least a portion of the limb relative to the measured force exerted by the limb of the user. 23. The device of claim 17, wherein the joint manipulation assembly adjusts an angle of the joint relative to the measured force exerted by the limb of the user. 24. The device of claim 14, wherein the device further comprises:
a display, wherein the display can be configured to present one or more notifications to the user, wherein in response to a measurement of the one or more sensors configured to measure manipulation of the joint of the user, the display presents a request for at least a portion of the joint manipulation device to be adjusted by the user. 25. The device of claim 17, wherein the device further comprises:
a data acquisition system configured to acquire data associated with the joint manipulation assembly and the one or more sensors. 26. The device of claim 25, wherein the data acquisition system is configured to transmit the acquired data to one or more monitoring systems. 27. A method for measuring and monitoring a joint manipulation device, the method comprising:
receiving force data comprising at least a force value from a force sensor associated with a limb engaging portion of a joint manipulation device; determining that the force value is below a force threshold value and causing electronic components of the joint manipulation device to operate in a low energy state; or determining that the force value is equal to or above the force threshold value and causing the electronic components of the joint manipulation device to operate in a data collection and transmission state, wherein while the force value is equal to or above the force threshold value, the method further comprises:
causing an indicator to operate in a first configuration associated with proper use of the joint manipulation device;
acquiring, from one or more position sensors, positional information associated with the joint manipulation device;
acquiring timing information associated with the joint manipulation device; and
transmitting, from one or more communication devices associated with the joint manipulation device, the acquired positional information and timing information to a monitoring system. 28. A system for measuring and monitoring user compliance with a joint manipulation device comprising:
at least one limb engaging member; one or more electronic components operatively coupled to the at least one limb engaging member; a joint manipulation assembly operatively coupled to the at least one limb engaging member; and a force switch operatively coupled to the at least one limb engaging member, wherein the force switch is configured to be in a first orientation in response to measuring a force amount below a threshold value, and wherein the force switch is configured to be in a second orientation in response to measuring a force amount that is at or above the threshold value; 29. A system for measuring and monitoring a joint manipulation device system, the system comprising:
one or more memory devices; and one or more processing devices operatively coupled to the memory device, wherein the one or more processing devices are configured to execute computer-readable computer program code to:
receive compliance data from a joint manipulation device system associated with compliant operation of a joint manipulation device by a user;
compare the received compliance data with predetermined compliant conditions;
determine, based on the comparison of the received compliance data with the predetermined compliant conditions, whether the joint manipulation device is currently compliant with the predetermined compliant conditions;
in response to determining that the joint manipulation device is currently compliant with the predetermined compliant conditions, transmit control signals configured to cause a speaker associated with the joint manipulation device to emit an audible alert representing the compliant operation of the joint manipulation device; or
in response to determining that the joint manipulation device is currently not compliant with the predetermined compliant conditions, transmit control signals configured to cause the speaker associated with the joint manipulation device to emit an audible alert representing the not compliant operation of the joint manipulation device. 30. A system for measuring and monitoring a joint manipulation device comprising:
at least one limb engaging member; a joint manipulation assembly operatively coupled to the at least one limb engaging member; and one or more electronic components operatively coupled to the at least one limb engaging member, wherein the one or more electronic components include at least one sensor for measuring a function of the joint manipulation device associated with compliant operation of the joint manipulation device; | 3,700 |
345,168 | 16,643,065 | 3,781 | An object of the invention is to improve productivity while suppressing a reduction in a heat radiating performance of a power semiconductor device. | 1. A manufacturing method of a power semiconductor device which includes a conductive member having a first surface and a second surface provided on an opposite side to the first surface and a power semiconductor element which is connected to the conductive member through a bonding material, the method comprising:
a first procedure in which part of the first surface is pressed to form a concave portion leaving a portion flush with the first surface, and the conductive member is pressed to form a convex portion in the second surface; a second procedure in which the power semiconductor device is disposed in a top of the convex portion to face the concave portion of the first surface and a portion where the concave portion is not formed, and the convex portion and the power semiconductor element are connected through the bonding material; and a third procedure in which at least the concave portion is filled with a sealing material. 2. The manufacturing method of the power semiconductor device according to claim 1,
wherein the first procedure includes a procedure of lowering a height of a protruding portion formed in the top of the convex portion after the conductive member plastically flows. 3. The manufacturing method of the power semiconductor device according to claim 2,
wherein the height of the protruding portion formed in the top of the convex portion is lowered by a press procedure. 4. The manufacturing method of the power semiconductor device according to claim 1,
wherein, in the third procedure, the first surface of the conductive member is covered with the sealing material, and the sealing material is removed to leave the sealing material in the concave portion. 5. The manufacturing method of the power semiconductor device according to claim 2,
wherein, in the first procedure, the concave portion on a side near the first surface includes a first concave portion and a second concave portion, and the protruding portion is formed to face a space between the first concave portion and the second concave portion. 6. The manufacturing method of the power semiconductor device according to claim 1,
wherein the first procedure includes a procedure of forming a terminal extending from an edge of the conductive member by pressing. 7. The manufacturing method of the power semiconductor device according to claim 6,
wherein the conductive member includes a first conductive member and a third conductive member which interpose a power semiconductor element which form an upper arm circuit of an inverter circuit, and a second conductive member and a fourth conductive member which interpose a power semiconductor element which form a lower arm circuit of the inverter circuit, wherein the third conductive member forms the terminal, and wherein the terminal faces part of the second conductive member, and is connected to the second conductive member. 8. The manufacturing method of the power semiconductor device according to claim 7,
wherein the terminal forms a non-press surface which becomes flush with the second surface, and a press surface which has a height different from the non-press surface and is formed by pressing, and wherein the non-press surface is larger than the press surface. 9. The manufacturing method of the power semiconductor device according to claim 6,
wherein the terminal forms a main terminal which transfers a current flowing to the power semiconductor element. 10. A power semiconductor device, comprising:
a power semiconductor element; a conductive portion which includes a first surface and a second surface provided on an opposite side to the first surface; a solder material which connects the power semiconductor element and the conductive portion; and a sealing material which seals the conductive portion, wherein the conductive portion includes a first region which protrudes from the second surface and is concave from the first surface, and a second region which protrudes from the concave bottom of the first region, wherein, when viewed from a direction perpendicular to an electrode surface of the power semiconductor element, the power semiconductor element is overlapped with both of the first region and the second region, wherein the power semiconductor element is connected to the first region and the second region through the solder, and wherein the concave portion of the first region is filled with part of the sealing material. | An object of the invention is to improve productivity while suppressing a reduction in a heat radiating performance of a power semiconductor device.1. A manufacturing method of a power semiconductor device which includes a conductive member having a first surface and a second surface provided on an opposite side to the first surface and a power semiconductor element which is connected to the conductive member through a bonding material, the method comprising:
a first procedure in which part of the first surface is pressed to form a concave portion leaving a portion flush with the first surface, and the conductive member is pressed to form a convex portion in the second surface; a second procedure in which the power semiconductor device is disposed in a top of the convex portion to face the concave portion of the first surface and a portion where the concave portion is not formed, and the convex portion and the power semiconductor element are connected through the bonding material; and a third procedure in which at least the concave portion is filled with a sealing material. 2. The manufacturing method of the power semiconductor device according to claim 1,
wherein the first procedure includes a procedure of lowering a height of a protruding portion formed in the top of the convex portion after the conductive member plastically flows. 3. The manufacturing method of the power semiconductor device according to claim 2,
wherein the height of the protruding portion formed in the top of the convex portion is lowered by a press procedure. 4. The manufacturing method of the power semiconductor device according to claim 1,
wherein, in the third procedure, the first surface of the conductive member is covered with the sealing material, and the sealing material is removed to leave the sealing material in the concave portion. 5. The manufacturing method of the power semiconductor device according to claim 2,
wherein, in the first procedure, the concave portion on a side near the first surface includes a first concave portion and a second concave portion, and the protruding portion is formed to face a space between the first concave portion and the second concave portion. 6. The manufacturing method of the power semiconductor device according to claim 1,
wherein the first procedure includes a procedure of forming a terminal extending from an edge of the conductive member by pressing. 7. The manufacturing method of the power semiconductor device according to claim 6,
wherein the conductive member includes a first conductive member and a third conductive member which interpose a power semiconductor element which form an upper arm circuit of an inverter circuit, and a second conductive member and a fourth conductive member which interpose a power semiconductor element which form a lower arm circuit of the inverter circuit, wherein the third conductive member forms the terminal, and wherein the terminal faces part of the second conductive member, and is connected to the second conductive member. 8. The manufacturing method of the power semiconductor device according to claim 7,
wherein the terminal forms a non-press surface which becomes flush with the second surface, and a press surface which has a height different from the non-press surface and is formed by pressing, and wherein the non-press surface is larger than the press surface. 9. The manufacturing method of the power semiconductor device according to claim 6,
wherein the terminal forms a main terminal which transfers a current flowing to the power semiconductor element. 10. A power semiconductor device, comprising:
a power semiconductor element; a conductive portion which includes a first surface and a second surface provided on an opposite side to the first surface; a solder material which connects the power semiconductor element and the conductive portion; and a sealing material which seals the conductive portion, wherein the conductive portion includes a first region which protrudes from the second surface and is concave from the first surface, and a second region which protrudes from the concave bottom of the first region, wherein, when viewed from a direction perpendicular to an electrode surface of the power semiconductor element, the power semiconductor element is overlapped with both of the first region and the second region, wherein the power semiconductor element is connected to the first region and the second region through the solder, and wherein the concave portion of the first region is filled with part of the sealing material. | 3,700 |
345,169 | 16,643,076 | 3,781 | The subject of the present invention is a weakly corrosive and weakly coloured sulfonic acid, with an APHA colour index of less than 20, comprising chlorides and nitrites in a chloride/sulfonic acid molar ratio of between 1 ppm and 200 ppm, and a nitrite/sulfonic acid molar ratio of between 200 ppm and 6000 ppm, limits inclusive. | 1. Sulfonic acid comprising:
a chloride/sulfonic acid molar ratio of between 1 ppm and 200 ppm, preferably between 5 ppm and 200 ppm, more preferably between 10 ppm and 200 ppm, more preferentially between 10 ppm and 190 ppm, limits inclusive, and a nitrite/sulfonic acid molar ratio of between 200 ppm and 6000 ppm, preferably between 400 ppm and 2000 ppm, particularly between 500 ppm and 1900 ppm, limits inclusive, 2. Sulfonic acid according to claim 1, chosen from the sulfonic acids of formula R—SO3H, where R represents a linear, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon-based chain comprising from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more radicals and/or atoms chosen from halogen atoms, alkyl radicals containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and aryl and heteroaryl radicals comprising 6 or 10 ring members. 3. Sulfonic acid according to claim 1, chosen from methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, n-propanesulfonic acid, iso-propanesulfonic acid, n-butanesulfonic acid, iso-butanesulfonic acid, sec-butanesulfonic acid, tert-butanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, para-toluenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, and mixtures of two or more of them in any proportions. 4. Sulfonic acid according to claim 1, chosen from methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and para-toluenesulfonic acid, preferably the sulfonic acid is methanesulfonic acid. 5. Sulfonic acid according to claim 1, in solvented medium, said solvent possibly being water or an organic solvent or a mixture of organic solvents, or else water as a mixture with one or more other organic solvents. 6. Sulfonic acid according to claim 1, as a mixture with one or more additives and/or fillers chosen from viscosity or rheology modifiers, foaming agents, anti-foams, surfactants, disinfectants, biocides, stabilizers, oxidizing agents, enzymes, pigments, dyes, fire retardants, flame retardants, fragrances and aromas. 7. Composition comprising at least one sulfonic acid according to claim 1, a solvent, and optionally one or more additive(s) and/or filler(s). | The subject of the present invention is a weakly corrosive and weakly coloured sulfonic acid, with an APHA colour index of less than 20, comprising chlorides and nitrites in a chloride/sulfonic acid molar ratio of between 1 ppm and 200 ppm, and a nitrite/sulfonic acid molar ratio of between 200 ppm and 6000 ppm, limits inclusive.1. Sulfonic acid comprising:
a chloride/sulfonic acid molar ratio of between 1 ppm and 200 ppm, preferably between 5 ppm and 200 ppm, more preferably between 10 ppm and 200 ppm, more preferentially between 10 ppm and 190 ppm, limits inclusive, and a nitrite/sulfonic acid molar ratio of between 200 ppm and 6000 ppm, preferably between 400 ppm and 2000 ppm, particularly between 500 ppm and 1900 ppm, limits inclusive, 2. Sulfonic acid according to claim 1, chosen from the sulfonic acids of formula R—SO3H, where R represents a linear, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon-based chain comprising from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more radicals and/or atoms chosen from halogen atoms, alkyl radicals containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and aryl and heteroaryl radicals comprising 6 or 10 ring members. 3. Sulfonic acid according to claim 1, chosen from methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, n-propanesulfonic acid, iso-propanesulfonic acid, n-butanesulfonic acid, iso-butanesulfonic acid, sec-butanesulfonic acid, tert-butanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, para-toluenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, and mixtures of two or more of them in any proportions. 4. Sulfonic acid according to claim 1, chosen from methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and para-toluenesulfonic acid, preferably the sulfonic acid is methanesulfonic acid. 5. Sulfonic acid according to claim 1, in solvented medium, said solvent possibly being water or an organic solvent or a mixture of organic solvents, or else water as a mixture with one or more other organic solvents. 6. Sulfonic acid according to claim 1, as a mixture with one or more additives and/or fillers chosen from viscosity or rheology modifiers, foaming agents, anti-foams, surfactants, disinfectants, biocides, stabilizers, oxidizing agents, enzymes, pigments, dyes, fire retardants, flame retardants, fragrances and aromas. 7. Composition comprising at least one sulfonic acid according to claim 1, a solvent, and optionally one or more additive(s) and/or filler(s). | 3,700 |
345,170 | 16,643,075 | 3,781 | A flexible substrate, as well as a method of preparing the same, and a display panel are disclosed. The flexible substrate includes: a base substrate: a first light-emitting element and an optical filter disposed on the base substrate. The optical filter is configured to receive the first light beam emitted by the first light-emitting element and filter the first light beam to obtain a second light beam, and configured to enable physical properties of the second light beam to be modulated by a bending degree of the flexible substrate at a position where the optical filter is located. | 1. A flexible substrate comprising:
a base substrate; and a first light-emitting element and an optical filter disposed on the base substrate, wherein the optical filter is configured to receive a first light beam emitted by the first light-emitting element and filter the first light beam to obtain a second light beam, and configured to enable physical properties of the second light beam to be modulated by a bending degree of the flexible substrate at a position where the optical filter is located. 2. The flexible substrate according to claim 1, wherein the optical filter comprises a first film layer which is configured to receive the first light;
the first film layer comprises a plurality of grating ridges that are periodically arranged to form a grating configured to filter the first light beam incident on the first film layer to obtain the second light beam. 3. The flexible substrate according to claim 2, wherein the optical filter further comprises a second film layer and a third film layer,
the third film layer, the first film layer, and the second film layer are sequentially disposed on the base substrate, and a refractive index of the first film layer is higher than refractive indexes of the second film layer and the third film layer to form a first optical waveguide; and an extension direction of the first optical waveguide is aligned with a periodical arrangement direction of the grating ridges. 4. The flexible substrate according to claim 3, wherein the first light-emitting element comprises a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode, and
the first electrode and the second film layer of the optical filter are disposed in a same layer or formed in an integrated structure. 5. The flexible substrate according to claim 3, wherein the flexible substrate further comprises a first insulation layer disposed on the base substrate, the first light-emitting element is disposed on the first insulation layer, and
a part of the first insulation layer operates as the first film layer or the third film layer of the optical filter. 6. The flexible substrate according to claim 3, wherein the first film layer comprises a first surface at an incident side of the first light, and the first surface is configured to direct the first light beam into the first optical waveguide. 7. The flexible substrate according to claim 6, wherein the extension direction of the first optical waveguide is parallel to the base substrate, and an angle between the first surface and the base substrate is an acute angle. 8. The flexible substrate according to claim 6, wherein the first electrode is disposed on the first surface of the first film layer. 9. The flexible substrate according to claim 1, wherein the flexible substrate further comprises a gate line extending along a first direction and a data line along a second direction,
the optical filter extends along the first direction and overlaps the gate line in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate; or the optical filter extends along the second direction and overlaps the data line in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate. 10. The flexible substrate according to claim 1, further comprising an optical receiver,
wherein the optical receiver is configured to receive the second light beam from the optical filter and transmit the second light beam along a first path. 11. The flexible substrate according to claim 10, wherein the optical receiver comprises a second optical waveguide,
the second optical waveguide is in connection with the first optical waveguide to receive the second light beam, and the second optical waveguide extends along the first path. 12. The flexible substrate according to claim 10,
wherein the optical receiver and the first light-emitting element are disposed at a same side or opposite sides of the optical filter. 13. The flexible substrate according to claim 10, further comprising a photoelectric converter,
wherein the photoelectric converter is disposed at a distal end of the optical receiver away from the optical filter, and the photoelectric converter is in connection with the optical receiver to receive the second light beam and converts the second light beam to an electric signal. 14. The flexible substrate according to claim 1, wherein the flexible substrate further comprises a pixel unit disposed on the base substrate to perform a display operation, and
the pixel unit comprises a second light-emitting element to perform a display operation. 15. The flexible substrate according to claim 14, wherein the optical filter, the first light-emitting element, and the pixel unit are disposed at a same side of the base substrate. 16. The flexible substrate according to claim 14, wherein the first light-emitting element is further configured to perform the display operation. 17. The flexible substrate according to claim 14, wherein the optical filter and the first light-emitting element are disposed at a different side of the base substrate from the pixel unit. 18. A display panel comprising the flexible substrate according to claim 1. 19. A method of preparing a flexible substrate, the comprising:
providing a base substrate, and forming a first light-emitting element and an optical filter on the base substrate, wherein the optical filter is configured to receive a first light beam emitted by the first light-emitting element and filter the first light beam to obtain a second light beam, and configured to enable physical properties of the second light beam to be modulated by a bending degree of the optical filter at a position where the flexible substrate is located. 20. The method according to claim 19, wherein the forming the optical filter comprising:
forming a third film layer on the base substrate; forming a first film layer on the third film layer to form a gating, wherein the first film layer comprises a plurality of grating ridges that are periodically arranged; forming a second film layer on the first film layer, wherein a refractive index of the first film layer is higher than refractive indexes of the second film layer and the third film layer to form a first optical waveguide; and an extension direction of the first optical waveguide is aligned with a periodical arrangement direction of the grating ridges. | A flexible substrate, as well as a method of preparing the same, and a display panel are disclosed. The flexible substrate includes: a base substrate: a first light-emitting element and an optical filter disposed on the base substrate. The optical filter is configured to receive the first light beam emitted by the first light-emitting element and filter the first light beam to obtain a second light beam, and configured to enable physical properties of the second light beam to be modulated by a bending degree of the flexible substrate at a position where the optical filter is located.1. A flexible substrate comprising:
a base substrate; and a first light-emitting element and an optical filter disposed on the base substrate, wherein the optical filter is configured to receive a first light beam emitted by the first light-emitting element and filter the first light beam to obtain a second light beam, and configured to enable physical properties of the second light beam to be modulated by a bending degree of the flexible substrate at a position where the optical filter is located. 2. The flexible substrate according to claim 1, wherein the optical filter comprises a first film layer which is configured to receive the first light;
the first film layer comprises a plurality of grating ridges that are periodically arranged to form a grating configured to filter the first light beam incident on the first film layer to obtain the second light beam. 3. The flexible substrate according to claim 2, wherein the optical filter further comprises a second film layer and a third film layer,
the third film layer, the first film layer, and the second film layer are sequentially disposed on the base substrate, and a refractive index of the first film layer is higher than refractive indexes of the second film layer and the third film layer to form a first optical waveguide; and an extension direction of the first optical waveguide is aligned with a periodical arrangement direction of the grating ridges. 4. The flexible substrate according to claim 3, wherein the first light-emitting element comprises a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode, and
the first electrode and the second film layer of the optical filter are disposed in a same layer or formed in an integrated structure. 5. The flexible substrate according to claim 3, wherein the flexible substrate further comprises a first insulation layer disposed on the base substrate, the first light-emitting element is disposed on the first insulation layer, and
a part of the first insulation layer operates as the first film layer or the third film layer of the optical filter. 6. The flexible substrate according to claim 3, wherein the first film layer comprises a first surface at an incident side of the first light, and the first surface is configured to direct the first light beam into the first optical waveguide. 7. The flexible substrate according to claim 6, wherein the extension direction of the first optical waveguide is parallel to the base substrate, and an angle between the first surface and the base substrate is an acute angle. 8. The flexible substrate according to claim 6, wherein the first electrode is disposed on the first surface of the first film layer. 9. The flexible substrate according to claim 1, wherein the flexible substrate further comprises a gate line extending along a first direction and a data line along a second direction,
the optical filter extends along the first direction and overlaps the gate line in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate; or the optical filter extends along the second direction and overlaps the data line in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate. 10. The flexible substrate according to claim 1, further comprising an optical receiver,
wherein the optical receiver is configured to receive the second light beam from the optical filter and transmit the second light beam along a first path. 11. The flexible substrate according to claim 10, wherein the optical receiver comprises a second optical waveguide,
the second optical waveguide is in connection with the first optical waveguide to receive the second light beam, and the second optical waveguide extends along the first path. 12. The flexible substrate according to claim 10,
wherein the optical receiver and the first light-emitting element are disposed at a same side or opposite sides of the optical filter. 13. The flexible substrate according to claim 10, further comprising a photoelectric converter,
wherein the photoelectric converter is disposed at a distal end of the optical receiver away from the optical filter, and the photoelectric converter is in connection with the optical receiver to receive the second light beam and converts the second light beam to an electric signal. 14. The flexible substrate according to claim 1, wherein the flexible substrate further comprises a pixel unit disposed on the base substrate to perform a display operation, and
the pixel unit comprises a second light-emitting element to perform a display operation. 15. The flexible substrate according to claim 14, wherein the optical filter, the first light-emitting element, and the pixel unit are disposed at a same side of the base substrate. 16. The flexible substrate according to claim 14, wherein the first light-emitting element is further configured to perform the display operation. 17. The flexible substrate according to claim 14, wherein the optical filter and the first light-emitting element are disposed at a different side of the base substrate from the pixel unit. 18. A display panel comprising the flexible substrate according to claim 1. 19. A method of preparing a flexible substrate, the comprising:
providing a base substrate, and forming a first light-emitting element and an optical filter on the base substrate, wherein the optical filter is configured to receive a first light beam emitted by the first light-emitting element and filter the first light beam to obtain a second light beam, and configured to enable physical properties of the second light beam to be modulated by a bending degree of the optical filter at a position where the flexible substrate is located. 20. The method according to claim 19, wherein the forming the optical filter comprising:
forming a third film layer on the base substrate; forming a first film layer on the third film layer to form a gating, wherein the first film layer comprises a plurality of grating ridges that are periodically arranged; forming a second film layer on the first film layer, wherein a refractive index of the first film layer is higher than refractive indexes of the second film layer and the third film layer to form a first optical waveguide; and an extension direction of the first optical waveguide is aligned with a periodical arrangement direction of the grating ridges. | 3,700 |
345,171 | 16,643,079 | 3,781 | The present invention relates to the use of liquid aqueous polymer compositions containing an aqueous polymer latex and at least one inorganic particulate material for providing flexible roof coatings. The present invention also relates to a method for providing flexible roof coatings, which comprises applying said liquid aqueous polymer compositions to a flat roof. The liquid aqueous polymer composition contain, a an aqueous polymer latex, where the polymer in the polymer latex is made of polymerized monomers M, where the polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomers M comprise a combination of) at least two different monoethylenically unsaturated, non-ionic monomers M1, whose homopolymers have a theoretical glass transition temperature Tg(th) of at least 25° C. and ii) at least two different monoethylenically unsaturated, non-ionic monomers M2, whose homopolymers have a theoretical glass transition temperature Tg(th) of at less than 25° C., where each of the monomers M1 and M2 have a solubility in deionized water of at most 50 g/L and where the total amount of monomers M1 and M2 contributes with at least 90% by weight to the total amount of the monomers M, and b at least one inorganic particulate material selected from inorganic pigments, inorganic fillers and mixtures thereof. | 1-17. (canceled) 18. A method for providing a flexible roof coating, the method comprising obtaining a liquid aqueous polymer composition comprising:
a. an aqueous polymer latex, where a polymer in the aqueous polymer latex comprises ethylenically unsaturated monomers M, where the ethylenically unsaturated monomers M comprise a combination of i) at least two different monoethylenically unsaturated, non-ionic monomers M1, whose homopolymers have a theoretical glass transition temperature Tg(th) of at least 25° C. and ii) at least two different monoethylenically unsaturated, non-ionic monomers M2, whose homopolymers have a theoretical glass transition temperature Tg(th) of less than 25° C., where each of the monomers M1 and M2 have a solubility in deionized water of at most 50 g/L and where a total amount of the monomers M1 and M2 contributes at least 90% by weight to a total amount of the monomers M, and where the aqueous polymer latex is prepared by free radical aqueous emulsion polymerization of the ethylenically unsaturated monomers M, which form the aqueous polymer latex, in the presence of at least one surfactant and at least one polymerization initiator and optionally in the presence of a seed latex, where an amount of seed latex, if present, is in a range from 0.1 to 10% by weight, calculated as solids and based on a total weight of the monomers M to be polymerized; and b. at least one inorganic particulate material selected from inorganic pigments, inorganic fillers and mixtures thereof. 19. The method of claim 18, where the monomers M1 have a Tg(th) of at least 50° C. and where the monomers M2 have a Tg(th) of at most -20° C. 20. The method of claim 18, where the monomers M1 are a combination of:
at least one monomer M1 a, which is selected from vinylaromatic hydrocarbon monomers and C5-C6-cycloalkyl methacrylates; and
at least one monomer M1 b, which is selected from C1-C4-alkyl esters of methacrylic acid and tert-butyl acrylate. 21. The method of claim 18, where the monomers M1 comprise styrene, and where styrene contributes 10 to 35% by weight to the total amount of the monomers M. 22. The method of claim 18, where a weight ratio of the monomers M1 a to the monomers M1 b is from 3:1 to 1:3. 23. The method of claim 18, where a total amount of the monomers M1 contributes 25 to 70% by weight to the total amount of the monomers M. 24. The method of claim 18, where the monomers M2 are a combination of at least two different C2-C12-alkyl acrylates, except for tert-butyl acrylate. 25. The method of claim 18, where each of the monomers M2 contributes at least 10% by weight to the total weight of the monomers M, and where a total amount of the monomers M2 contributes 20 to 75% by weight to the total amount of the monomers M. 26. The method of claim 18, where the monomers M comprise at least one further monoethylenically unsaturated monomer, which is selected from the group consisting of:
monomers M3, which are selected from the group consisting of monoethylenically unsaturated C3-C6-monocarboxylic acids, monoethylenically unsaturated C4-C6-dicarboxylic acids, primary amides of monoethylenically unsaturated C3-C6-monocarboxylic acids, and hydroxy-C2-C4-alkyl esters of monoethylenically unsaturated C3-C6-monocarboxylic acids and mixtures thereof; monomers M4, which are selected from the group consisting of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers having at least one keto group and monoethylenically unsaturated monomers having at least one oxirane group and mixtures thereof; and monomers M5, which are selected from the group consisting of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers having a silane group. 27. The method of claim 18, where the monomers M comprise from 25 to 70% by weight, based on a total weight of the monomers M, of a combination at least two monomers M1;
from 20 to 75% by weight, based on the total weight of the monomers M, of a combination at least two monomers M2; from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the monomers M, of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, selected from the group consisting of one or more monomers M3 a in an amount of at most 5% by weight, based on the total amount of the monomers M, which are selected from the group consisting of monoethylenically unsaturated C3-C6-monocarboxylic acids and monoethylenically unsaturated C4-C6-dicarboxylic acids, one or more monomers M3 b in an amount of at most 5% by weight, based on the total amount of the monomers M, which are selected from the group consisting of primary amides of monoethylenically unsaturated C3-C6-monocarboxylic acids, and hydroxy-C2-C4-alkyl esters of monoethylenically unsaturated C3-C6-monocarboxylic acids and mixtures thereof, one or more monomers M4 in an amount of at most 5% by weight, based on the total amount of the monomers M, which are selected from the group consisting of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers having at least one ketogroup and monoethylenically unsaturated monomers having at least one oxirane group and mixtures thereof; and one or more monomers M5 in an amount of at most 2% by weight, based on the total amount of the monomers M, which are selected from the group consisting of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers having a silane group. 28. The method of claim 18, where the polymer has a glass transition temperature Tg in a range from −20° C. to +40° C., where the glass transition temperature is determined by differential scanning calorimetry using a heating rate of 20 K/min and applying a midpoint measurement in accordance with ISO 11357-2:2013-05. 29. The method of claim 18, where the liquid aqueous polymer composition comprises at least one inorganic filler selected from the group consisting of natural calcium carbonates, synthetic calcium carbonates, calcium silicates, aluminum silicates and alkalimetal silicates. 30. The method of claim 29, where the at least one inorganic filler comprises particles and at least 90% by weight of the particles of the at least one inorganic filler have a particle size in a range from 0.1 to 25 μm, as determined by laser diffraction in accordance with ISO 13320:2009. 31. The method of claim 30, where at least 50% by weight of the particles of the at least one inorganic filler have a particle size in a range from 0.1 to 2 μm, as determined by laser diffraction in accordance with ISO 13320:2009. 32. The method of claim 29, where the liquid aqueous polymer composition additionally comprises at least one inorganic white pigment. 33. The method of claim 18, where the liquid aqueous polymer composition has a pigment volume concentration PVC in a range from 15 to 50%. 34. A method for providing a flexible roofing, the method comprising applying the liquid aqueous polymer composition as defined in claim 18 as a coating to a flat roof having an inclination of not more than 15°. | The present invention relates to the use of liquid aqueous polymer compositions containing an aqueous polymer latex and at least one inorganic particulate material for providing flexible roof coatings. The present invention also relates to a method for providing flexible roof coatings, which comprises applying said liquid aqueous polymer compositions to a flat roof. The liquid aqueous polymer composition contain, a an aqueous polymer latex, where the polymer in the polymer latex is made of polymerized monomers M, where the polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomers M comprise a combination of) at least two different monoethylenically unsaturated, non-ionic monomers M1, whose homopolymers have a theoretical glass transition temperature Tg(th) of at least 25° C. and ii) at least two different monoethylenically unsaturated, non-ionic monomers M2, whose homopolymers have a theoretical glass transition temperature Tg(th) of at less than 25° C., where each of the monomers M1 and M2 have a solubility in deionized water of at most 50 g/L and where the total amount of monomers M1 and M2 contributes with at least 90% by weight to the total amount of the monomers M, and b at least one inorganic particulate material selected from inorganic pigments, inorganic fillers and mixtures thereof.1-17. (canceled) 18. A method for providing a flexible roof coating, the method comprising obtaining a liquid aqueous polymer composition comprising:
a. an aqueous polymer latex, where a polymer in the aqueous polymer latex comprises ethylenically unsaturated monomers M, where the ethylenically unsaturated monomers M comprise a combination of i) at least two different monoethylenically unsaturated, non-ionic monomers M1, whose homopolymers have a theoretical glass transition temperature Tg(th) of at least 25° C. and ii) at least two different monoethylenically unsaturated, non-ionic monomers M2, whose homopolymers have a theoretical glass transition temperature Tg(th) of less than 25° C., where each of the monomers M1 and M2 have a solubility in deionized water of at most 50 g/L and where a total amount of the monomers M1 and M2 contributes at least 90% by weight to a total amount of the monomers M, and where the aqueous polymer latex is prepared by free radical aqueous emulsion polymerization of the ethylenically unsaturated monomers M, which form the aqueous polymer latex, in the presence of at least one surfactant and at least one polymerization initiator and optionally in the presence of a seed latex, where an amount of seed latex, if present, is in a range from 0.1 to 10% by weight, calculated as solids and based on a total weight of the monomers M to be polymerized; and b. at least one inorganic particulate material selected from inorganic pigments, inorganic fillers and mixtures thereof. 19. The method of claim 18, where the monomers M1 have a Tg(th) of at least 50° C. and where the monomers M2 have a Tg(th) of at most -20° C. 20. The method of claim 18, where the monomers M1 are a combination of:
at least one monomer M1 a, which is selected from vinylaromatic hydrocarbon monomers and C5-C6-cycloalkyl methacrylates; and
at least one monomer M1 b, which is selected from C1-C4-alkyl esters of methacrylic acid and tert-butyl acrylate. 21. The method of claim 18, where the monomers M1 comprise styrene, and where styrene contributes 10 to 35% by weight to the total amount of the monomers M. 22. The method of claim 18, where a weight ratio of the monomers M1 a to the monomers M1 b is from 3:1 to 1:3. 23. The method of claim 18, where a total amount of the monomers M1 contributes 25 to 70% by weight to the total amount of the monomers M. 24. The method of claim 18, where the monomers M2 are a combination of at least two different C2-C12-alkyl acrylates, except for tert-butyl acrylate. 25. The method of claim 18, where each of the monomers M2 contributes at least 10% by weight to the total weight of the monomers M, and where a total amount of the monomers M2 contributes 20 to 75% by weight to the total amount of the monomers M. 26. The method of claim 18, where the monomers M comprise at least one further monoethylenically unsaturated monomer, which is selected from the group consisting of:
monomers M3, which are selected from the group consisting of monoethylenically unsaturated C3-C6-monocarboxylic acids, monoethylenically unsaturated C4-C6-dicarboxylic acids, primary amides of monoethylenically unsaturated C3-C6-monocarboxylic acids, and hydroxy-C2-C4-alkyl esters of monoethylenically unsaturated C3-C6-monocarboxylic acids and mixtures thereof; monomers M4, which are selected from the group consisting of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers having at least one keto group and monoethylenically unsaturated monomers having at least one oxirane group and mixtures thereof; and monomers M5, which are selected from the group consisting of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers having a silane group. 27. The method of claim 18, where the monomers M comprise from 25 to 70% by weight, based on a total weight of the monomers M, of a combination at least two monomers M1;
from 20 to 75% by weight, based on the total weight of the monomers M, of a combination at least two monomers M2; from 0.1 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the monomers M, of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, selected from the group consisting of one or more monomers M3 a in an amount of at most 5% by weight, based on the total amount of the monomers M, which are selected from the group consisting of monoethylenically unsaturated C3-C6-monocarboxylic acids and monoethylenically unsaturated C4-C6-dicarboxylic acids, one or more monomers M3 b in an amount of at most 5% by weight, based on the total amount of the monomers M, which are selected from the group consisting of primary amides of monoethylenically unsaturated C3-C6-monocarboxylic acids, and hydroxy-C2-C4-alkyl esters of monoethylenically unsaturated C3-C6-monocarboxylic acids and mixtures thereof, one or more monomers M4 in an amount of at most 5% by weight, based on the total amount of the monomers M, which are selected from the group consisting of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers having at least one ketogroup and monoethylenically unsaturated monomers having at least one oxirane group and mixtures thereof; and one or more monomers M5 in an amount of at most 2% by weight, based on the total amount of the monomers M, which are selected from the group consisting of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers having a silane group. 28. The method of claim 18, where the polymer has a glass transition temperature Tg in a range from −20° C. to +40° C., where the glass transition temperature is determined by differential scanning calorimetry using a heating rate of 20 K/min and applying a midpoint measurement in accordance with ISO 11357-2:2013-05. 29. The method of claim 18, where the liquid aqueous polymer composition comprises at least one inorganic filler selected from the group consisting of natural calcium carbonates, synthetic calcium carbonates, calcium silicates, aluminum silicates and alkalimetal silicates. 30. The method of claim 29, where the at least one inorganic filler comprises particles and at least 90% by weight of the particles of the at least one inorganic filler have a particle size in a range from 0.1 to 25 μm, as determined by laser diffraction in accordance with ISO 13320:2009. 31. The method of claim 30, where at least 50% by weight of the particles of the at least one inorganic filler have a particle size in a range from 0.1 to 2 μm, as determined by laser diffraction in accordance with ISO 13320:2009. 32. The method of claim 29, where the liquid aqueous polymer composition additionally comprises at least one inorganic white pigment. 33. The method of claim 18, where the liquid aqueous polymer composition has a pigment volume concentration PVC in a range from 15 to 50%. 34. A method for providing a flexible roofing, the method comprising applying the liquid aqueous polymer composition as defined in claim 18 as a coating to a flat roof having an inclination of not more than 15°. | 3,700 |
345,172 | 16,643,056 | 3,781 | The current invention relates to a system for detecting anomalies, said system comprising a communication module having access to a database comprising a plurality of physical entity records, each physical entity record comprising physical data values for at least one numeric attribute and partition-specifying values concerning values for one or more nominal attributes; a computing device comprising a processor, tangible non-volatile memory, program code present on said memory for instructing said processor; wherein the communication module is arranged to provide said computing device access to said database, and wherein said computing device is configured for carrying out a method for calculating an anomaly score for each of said plurality of physical entity records. | 1. A system for detecting anomalies, said system comprising:
a communication module having access to a database comprising a plurality of physical entity records, each of said physical entity records comprising physical data values for at least one numeric attribute and partition-specifying values concerning values for one or more nominal attributes; a computing device comprising a processor, tangible non-volatile memory, and program code present on said memory for instructing said processor; wherein the communication module is arranged to provide said computing device access to said database, wherein said computing device is configured for carrying out a method for calculating an anomaly score for each of said plurality of physical entity records, said method comprising the steps of: (a) retrieving said plurality of physical entity records via said communication module and optionally preparing said plurality of physical entity records for partitioning; (b) partitioning said plurality of physical entity records by associating a partition with each distinct combination of partition-specifying values present in said plurality of physical entity records and grouping said physical entity records according to said partitions; (c) for each of said partitions obtained in step (b), training an unsupervised anomaly detection algorithm on the physical data values of the physical entity records belonging to said partition, obtaining a trained anomaly detection model for each of said partitions; (d) for each of said physical entity records belonging to said plurality of physical entity records, calculating the anomaly score by means of the trained anomaly detection model that is associated with the partition to which the physical entity record belongs; and (e) via the communication module, updating each of said physical entity records in the database by adding said associated anomaly score calculated in step (d) and/or via the communication module, storing each of said trained anomaly detection models for each of said partitions in said database. 2. The system according to claim 1, wherein said unsupervised anomaly detection algorithm concerns either an isolation-based anomaly detection algorithm or a non-isolation-based anomaly detection algorithm, and wherein said partition-specifying values concern values for two nominal attributes. 3. The system according to claim 1, wherein said physical data values concern images, and wherein said partition-specifying values concern values for nominal attributes stored as metadata with respect to said images. 4. The system according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of physical entity records is prepared for partitioning in step (a), wherein said preparing comprises updating said plurality of physical entity records, wherein said updating comprises automatically specifying which nominal attributes are to be used as partition-specifying values from step (b) onward. 5. The system according to claim 4, wherein said communication module is configured for receiving input from a user; wherein said updating as part of said preparing in step (a) comprises receiving said input from said user via said communication module; and wherein said input from said user comprises said specification of which of said nominal attributes are to be used as partition-specifying values from step (b) onward. 6. The system according to claim 4, wherein said updating of said plurality of physical entity records comprises automatically transforming at least one numeric attribute to a newly created nominal attribute; wherein said transforming relates to associating at least one nominal label to at least one numeric interval; and wherein said specification of which of said nominal attributes are to be used as partition-specifying values from step (b) onward comprises said newly created nominal attribute. 7. The system according to claim 1, wherein said database comprises training data relating to a plurality of training-related physical entity records comprised in said plurality of physical entity records; wherein said training data comprises a plurality of labels indicative of whether said training-related physical entity records adhere to a predefined anomaly-relating criterion; and wherein said computing device is configured for carrying out following additional steps (f)-(j) after step (e):
(f) updating each of said physical entity records by adding said associated anomaly score calculated in step (d); (g) retrieving said training data via said communication module; (h) based on said training data received in step (g), training a supervised classification algorithm on the updated physical entity records obtained in step (f), obtaining a trained supervised classification model; (i) for each physical entity record belonging to said plurality of physical entity records, calculating a prediction score, said prediction score indicative of the extent to which said physical entity record adheres to said predefined anomaly-relating criterion by means of the trained supervised classification model; and (j) via the communication module, updating each physical entity record in the database by adding its said associated prediction score calculated in step (i) and/or via the communication module, storing said trained supervised classification model in said database. 8. The system according to claim 7, wherein for each of said physical entity records, said updating in step (f) concerns replacing said partition-specifying values with said anomaly score associated with said physical entity record. 9. The system according to claim 7, wherein said supervised classification algorithm trained in step (h) and applied in step (i) concerns logistic regression or CART decision tree or random forest or SVM with linear kernel or SVM with radial basis function. 10. The system according to claim 7, wherein said training of said supervised classification algorithm in step (h) comprises splitting said training-related physical entity records and associated training data according to holdout or k-fold cross-validation. 11. The system according to claim 1, wherein the communication module is further arranged to receive input from a user; wherein said system is configured for carrying out the further steps of:
(01) receiving a user-provided physical entity record from said user via said communication module, said user-provided physical entity record comprising physical data values for at least one numeric attribute and partition-specifying values concerning values for one or more nominal attributes; (02) preparing said user-provided physical entity record for scoring, said preparing comprising selecting one or more nominal attributes corresponding to said partition-specifying values; (03) retrieving the trained anomaly detection model that corresponds to the nominal attributes selected in step (02) from said database via said communication module; and (04) calculating the anomaly score of said user-provided physical entity record by means of the trained anomaly detection model retrieved in step (03). 12. The system according to claim 11, wherein said database further comprises at least one trained supervised classification model, wherein said system is configured for carrying out the additional steps (05)-(07) after step (04):
(05) updating said user-provided physical entity record by adding said associated anomaly score calculated in step (04); (06) retrieving the trained supervised classification model that corresponds to the nominal attributes selected in step (02) from said database via said communication module; and (07) calculating the prediction score of said user-provided physical entity record by means of the trained supervised classification model retrieved in step (06). 13. The system according to claim 11, wherein said communication module is further arranged to generate an alert for an operator, and wherein said system is further configured for comparing the anomaly score calculated in step (04) or the prediction score calculated in step (07) to a pre-defined alert value, wherein said alert for the operator is generated when said comparison yields that the pre-defined alert value is matched or is exceeded. 14. A computer-implemented method for detecting anomalies with respect to a plurality of physical entity records, each physical entity record comprising physical data values for at least one numeric attribute and partition-specifying values concerning values for one or more nominal attributes; said method comprising the steps of:
obtaining said plurality of physical entity records from a database and optionally preparing said plurality of physical entity records for partitioning; partitioning said plurality of physical entity records by associating a partition with each distinct combination of partition-specifying values present in said plurality of physical entity records and grouping said physical entity records according to said partitions; for each of said partitions obtained in said step of partitioning, training an unsupervised anomaly detection algorithm on the physical data values of the physical entity records belonging to said partition, obtaining a trained anomaly detection model for each of said partitions; for each of said physical entity records belonging to said plurality of physical entity records, calculating the anomaly score by means of the trained anomaly detection model that is associated with the partition to which the physical entity record belongs; and updating each of said physical entity records by adding said associated anomaly score calculated in said calculating step and/or storing each of said trained anomaly detection models for each of said partitions in said database. 15. Use of the system according to claim 1 by an insurance company to detect fraud relating to physical entity records concerning insurance claims. 16. Use of the system according to claim 1 to determine whether a user-provided physical entity record concerning an insurance claim is fraudulent. 17. The system according to claim 2, wherein said unsupervised anomaly detection algorithm concerns said isolation-based anomaly detection algorithm, and wherein said isolation-based anomaly detection algorithm is chosen from iForest, SCiForest, and iNNE. 18. The system according to claim 2, wherein said unsupervised anomaly detection algorithm concerns said non-isolation-based anomaly detection algorithm, and wherein said non-isolation-based anomaly detection algorithm is chosen from ORCA, local outlier factor, and iForest. 19. The system according to claim 18, wherein said non-isolation-based anomaly detection algorithm is iForest. | The current invention relates to a system for detecting anomalies, said system comprising a communication module having access to a database comprising a plurality of physical entity records, each physical entity record comprising physical data values for at least one numeric attribute and partition-specifying values concerning values for one or more nominal attributes; a computing device comprising a processor, tangible non-volatile memory, program code present on said memory for instructing said processor; wherein the communication module is arranged to provide said computing device access to said database, and wherein said computing device is configured for carrying out a method for calculating an anomaly score for each of said plurality of physical entity records.1. A system for detecting anomalies, said system comprising:
a communication module having access to a database comprising a plurality of physical entity records, each of said physical entity records comprising physical data values for at least one numeric attribute and partition-specifying values concerning values for one or more nominal attributes; a computing device comprising a processor, tangible non-volatile memory, and program code present on said memory for instructing said processor; wherein the communication module is arranged to provide said computing device access to said database, wherein said computing device is configured for carrying out a method for calculating an anomaly score for each of said plurality of physical entity records, said method comprising the steps of: (a) retrieving said plurality of physical entity records via said communication module and optionally preparing said plurality of physical entity records for partitioning; (b) partitioning said plurality of physical entity records by associating a partition with each distinct combination of partition-specifying values present in said plurality of physical entity records and grouping said physical entity records according to said partitions; (c) for each of said partitions obtained in step (b), training an unsupervised anomaly detection algorithm on the physical data values of the physical entity records belonging to said partition, obtaining a trained anomaly detection model for each of said partitions; (d) for each of said physical entity records belonging to said plurality of physical entity records, calculating the anomaly score by means of the trained anomaly detection model that is associated with the partition to which the physical entity record belongs; and (e) via the communication module, updating each of said physical entity records in the database by adding said associated anomaly score calculated in step (d) and/or via the communication module, storing each of said trained anomaly detection models for each of said partitions in said database. 2. The system according to claim 1, wherein said unsupervised anomaly detection algorithm concerns either an isolation-based anomaly detection algorithm or a non-isolation-based anomaly detection algorithm, and wherein said partition-specifying values concern values for two nominal attributes. 3. The system according to claim 1, wherein said physical data values concern images, and wherein said partition-specifying values concern values for nominal attributes stored as metadata with respect to said images. 4. The system according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of physical entity records is prepared for partitioning in step (a), wherein said preparing comprises updating said plurality of physical entity records, wherein said updating comprises automatically specifying which nominal attributes are to be used as partition-specifying values from step (b) onward. 5. The system according to claim 4, wherein said communication module is configured for receiving input from a user; wherein said updating as part of said preparing in step (a) comprises receiving said input from said user via said communication module; and wherein said input from said user comprises said specification of which of said nominal attributes are to be used as partition-specifying values from step (b) onward. 6. The system according to claim 4, wherein said updating of said plurality of physical entity records comprises automatically transforming at least one numeric attribute to a newly created nominal attribute; wherein said transforming relates to associating at least one nominal label to at least one numeric interval; and wherein said specification of which of said nominal attributes are to be used as partition-specifying values from step (b) onward comprises said newly created nominal attribute. 7. The system according to claim 1, wherein said database comprises training data relating to a plurality of training-related physical entity records comprised in said plurality of physical entity records; wherein said training data comprises a plurality of labels indicative of whether said training-related physical entity records adhere to a predefined anomaly-relating criterion; and wherein said computing device is configured for carrying out following additional steps (f)-(j) after step (e):
(f) updating each of said physical entity records by adding said associated anomaly score calculated in step (d); (g) retrieving said training data via said communication module; (h) based on said training data received in step (g), training a supervised classification algorithm on the updated physical entity records obtained in step (f), obtaining a trained supervised classification model; (i) for each physical entity record belonging to said plurality of physical entity records, calculating a prediction score, said prediction score indicative of the extent to which said physical entity record adheres to said predefined anomaly-relating criterion by means of the trained supervised classification model; and (j) via the communication module, updating each physical entity record in the database by adding its said associated prediction score calculated in step (i) and/or via the communication module, storing said trained supervised classification model in said database. 8. The system according to claim 7, wherein for each of said physical entity records, said updating in step (f) concerns replacing said partition-specifying values with said anomaly score associated with said physical entity record. 9. The system according to claim 7, wherein said supervised classification algorithm trained in step (h) and applied in step (i) concerns logistic regression or CART decision tree or random forest or SVM with linear kernel or SVM with radial basis function. 10. The system according to claim 7, wherein said training of said supervised classification algorithm in step (h) comprises splitting said training-related physical entity records and associated training data according to holdout or k-fold cross-validation. 11. The system according to claim 1, wherein the communication module is further arranged to receive input from a user; wherein said system is configured for carrying out the further steps of:
(01) receiving a user-provided physical entity record from said user via said communication module, said user-provided physical entity record comprising physical data values for at least one numeric attribute and partition-specifying values concerning values for one or more nominal attributes; (02) preparing said user-provided physical entity record for scoring, said preparing comprising selecting one or more nominal attributes corresponding to said partition-specifying values; (03) retrieving the trained anomaly detection model that corresponds to the nominal attributes selected in step (02) from said database via said communication module; and (04) calculating the anomaly score of said user-provided physical entity record by means of the trained anomaly detection model retrieved in step (03). 12. The system according to claim 11, wherein said database further comprises at least one trained supervised classification model, wherein said system is configured for carrying out the additional steps (05)-(07) after step (04):
(05) updating said user-provided physical entity record by adding said associated anomaly score calculated in step (04); (06) retrieving the trained supervised classification model that corresponds to the nominal attributes selected in step (02) from said database via said communication module; and (07) calculating the prediction score of said user-provided physical entity record by means of the trained supervised classification model retrieved in step (06). 13. The system according to claim 11, wherein said communication module is further arranged to generate an alert for an operator, and wherein said system is further configured for comparing the anomaly score calculated in step (04) or the prediction score calculated in step (07) to a pre-defined alert value, wherein said alert for the operator is generated when said comparison yields that the pre-defined alert value is matched or is exceeded. 14. A computer-implemented method for detecting anomalies with respect to a plurality of physical entity records, each physical entity record comprising physical data values for at least one numeric attribute and partition-specifying values concerning values for one or more nominal attributes; said method comprising the steps of:
obtaining said plurality of physical entity records from a database and optionally preparing said plurality of physical entity records for partitioning; partitioning said plurality of physical entity records by associating a partition with each distinct combination of partition-specifying values present in said plurality of physical entity records and grouping said physical entity records according to said partitions; for each of said partitions obtained in said step of partitioning, training an unsupervised anomaly detection algorithm on the physical data values of the physical entity records belonging to said partition, obtaining a trained anomaly detection model for each of said partitions; for each of said physical entity records belonging to said plurality of physical entity records, calculating the anomaly score by means of the trained anomaly detection model that is associated with the partition to which the physical entity record belongs; and updating each of said physical entity records by adding said associated anomaly score calculated in said calculating step and/or storing each of said trained anomaly detection models for each of said partitions in said database. 15. Use of the system according to claim 1 by an insurance company to detect fraud relating to physical entity records concerning insurance claims. 16. Use of the system according to claim 1 to determine whether a user-provided physical entity record concerning an insurance claim is fraudulent. 17. The system according to claim 2, wherein said unsupervised anomaly detection algorithm concerns said isolation-based anomaly detection algorithm, and wherein said isolation-based anomaly detection algorithm is chosen from iForest, SCiForest, and iNNE. 18. The system according to claim 2, wherein said unsupervised anomaly detection algorithm concerns said non-isolation-based anomaly detection algorithm, and wherein said non-isolation-based anomaly detection algorithm is chosen from ORCA, local outlier factor, and iForest. 19. The system according to claim 18, wherein said non-isolation-based anomaly detection algorithm is iForest. | 3,700 |
345,173 | 16,643,058 | 3,781 | Disclosed is a prism sheet, a prism assembly, and a display device. The prism assembly includes a first prism sheet and a second prism sheet stacked with the first prism sheet. The first prism sheet includes a plurality of first subareas, and each first subarea includes at least one first sub-prism; the second prism sheet includes a plurality of second subareas, and each second subarea includes at least one second sub-prism. An orthographic projection of each first subarea on the second prism sheet corresponds to one of the plurality of second subareas one to one; an extending direction of the at least one first sub-prism in a first subarea is perpendicular to an extending direction of the at least one second sub-prism in a second subarea corresponding to the first subarea. | 1. A prism sheet, comprising: a substrate, a first surface of the substrate comprising a plurality of subareas, each of the plurality of subareas comprising a plurality of sub-prisms arranged substantially in parallel;
wherein extending directions of the plurality of sub-prisms in two adjacent subareas of the plurality of subareas are different from each other. 2. The prism sheet according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of subareas are arranged in an array. 3. The prism sheet according to claim 2, wherein in any four subareas of the plurality of subareas intersecting at one point, two subareas have no adjacent edge, and the extending directions of the plurality of sub-prisms in these two subareas are the same. 4. The prism sheet according to claim 1, wherein a shape of each of the plurality of subareas is rectangular. 5. The prism sheet according to claim 1, further comprising: a cutting slit; the substrate has a polygonal shape, and the cutting slit is at a vertex of the polygonal shape. 6. A prism assembly, comprising: a first prism sheet and a second prism sheet stacked with the first prism sheet;
wherein the first prism sheet comprises a plurality of first subareas, and each of the plurality of first subareas comprises at least one first sub-prism; the second prism sheet comprises a plurality of second subareas, and each of the plurality of second subareas comprises at least one second sub-prism; and wherein an orthographic projection of each of the plurality of first subareas on the second prism sheet corresponds to one of the plurality of second subareas one to one; an extending direction of the at least one first sub-prism in a first subarea of the plurality of first subareas is perpendicular to an extending direction of the at least one second sub-prism in a second subarea of the plurality of second subareas corresponding to the first sub area. 7. The prism assembly according to claim 6, wherein the plurality of first subareas are arranged in an array; in any four first subareas of the plurality of first subareas intersecting at one point, two first subareas have no adjacent edge, and the extending directions of the plurality of sub-prisms in these two first subareas are the same;
and wherein the plurality of second subareas are arranged in a rectangular array; in any four second subareas of the plurality of second subareas intersecting at one point, two second subareas have no adjacent edge, and the extending directions of the plurality of sub-prisms in these two second subareas are the same. 8. The prism assembly according to claim 6, wherein the plurality of first subareas intersect at a first intersection point, and each of the plurality of first subareas comprises one first sub-prism; extension lines of all first sub-prisms of the plurality of first subareas pass through the first intersection point; the plurality of second subareas intersect at a second intersection point, and the extending direction of the at least one second sub-prism in each of the plurality of second subareas is substantially parallel to a tangential direction of a concentric circle or a spiral line centered on the second intersection point; an orthographic projection of the first intersection point on the second prism sheet coincides with the second intersection point. 9. The prism assembly according to claim 6, wherein each of the at least one first sub-prism is continuous, and each of the at least one second sub-prism is continuous. 10. The prism assembly according to claim 6, wherein each of the at least one first sub-prism comprises at least one breakpoint, and each of the at least one second sub-prism comprises at least one breakpoint. 11. The prism assembly according to claim 8, wherein all the first sub-prisms divide a round angle equally. 12. The prism assembly according to claim 8, wherein a distance from inner ends of some first sub-prisms to a center of the first prism sheet is a, a distance from inner ends of other first sub-prisms to the center is b, and a>b. 13. The prism assembly according to claim 6, wherein the first prism sheet and the second prism sheet have the same polygonal shape; at least one of the first prism sheet and the second prism sheet further comprises a cutting slit, and the cutting slit is at a vertex of the polygonal shape. 14. The prism assembly according to claim 6, wherein the at least one first sub-prism is on a surface of the first prism sheet facing away from the second prism sheet; the at least one second sub-prism is on a surface of the second prism sheet facing away from the first prism sheet. 15. A display device comprising a backlight module; wherein the backlight module comprises a light source assembly and the prism assembly according to claim 6. 16. The display device according to claim 15, wherein the plurality of first subareas are arranged in an array; in any four first subareas of the plurality of first subareas intersecting at one point, two first subareas have no adjacent edge, and the extending directions of the sub-prisms in these two first subareas are the same;
and wherein the plurality of second subareas are arranged in a rectangular array; in any four second subareas of the plurality of second subareas intersecting at one point, two second subareas have no adjacent edge, and the extending directions of the plurality of sub-prisms in these two second subareas are the same. 17. The display device according to claim 15, wherein the plurality of first subareas intersect at a first intersection point, and each of the plurality of first subareas comprises one first sub-prism; extension lines of all first sub-prisms of the plurality of first subareas pass through the first intersection point; the plurality of second subareas intersect at a second intersection point, and the extending direction of the at least one second sub-prism in each of the plurality of second subareas is substantially parallel to a tangential direction of a concentric circle or a spiral line centered on the second intersection point; an orthographic projection of the first intersection point on the second prism sheet coincides with the second intersection point. 18. The display device according to claim 15, wherein each of the at least one first sub-prism is continuous, and each of the at least one second sub-prism is continuous. 19. The display device according to claim 15, wherein each of the at least one first sub-prism comprises at least one breakpoint, and each of the at least one second sub-prism comprises at least one breakpoint. 20. The display device according to claim 17, wherein all the first sub-prisms divide a round angle equally. | Disclosed is a prism sheet, a prism assembly, and a display device. The prism assembly includes a first prism sheet and a second prism sheet stacked with the first prism sheet. The first prism sheet includes a plurality of first subareas, and each first subarea includes at least one first sub-prism; the second prism sheet includes a plurality of second subareas, and each second subarea includes at least one second sub-prism. An orthographic projection of each first subarea on the second prism sheet corresponds to one of the plurality of second subareas one to one; an extending direction of the at least one first sub-prism in a first subarea is perpendicular to an extending direction of the at least one second sub-prism in a second subarea corresponding to the first subarea.1. A prism sheet, comprising: a substrate, a first surface of the substrate comprising a plurality of subareas, each of the plurality of subareas comprising a plurality of sub-prisms arranged substantially in parallel;
wherein extending directions of the plurality of sub-prisms in two adjacent subareas of the plurality of subareas are different from each other. 2. The prism sheet according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of subareas are arranged in an array. 3. The prism sheet according to claim 2, wherein in any four subareas of the plurality of subareas intersecting at one point, two subareas have no adjacent edge, and the extending directions of the plurality of sub-prisms in these two subareas are the same. 4. The prism sheet according to claim 1, wherein a shape of each of the plurality of subareas is rectangular. 5. The prism sheet according to claim 1, further comprising: a cutting slit; the substrate has a polygonal shape, and the cutting slit is at a vertex of the polygonal shape. 6. A prism assembly, comprising: a first prism sheet and a second prism sheet stacked with the first prism sheet;
wherein the first prism sheet comprises a plurality of first subareas, and each of the plurality of first subareas comprises at least one first sub-prism; the second prism sheet comprises a plurality of second subareas, and each of the plurality of second subareas comprises at least one second sub-prism; and wherein an orthographic projection of each of the plurality of first subareas on the second prism sheet corresponds to one of the plurality of second subareas one to one; an extending direction of the at least one first sub-prism in a first subarea of the plurality of first subareas is perpendicular to an extending direction of the at least one second sub-prism in a second subarea of the plurality of second subareas corresponding to the first sub area. 7. The prism assembly according to claim 6, wherein the plurality of first subareas are arranged in an array; in any four first subareas of the plurality of first subareas intersecting at one point, two first subareas have no adjacent edge, and the extending directions of the plurality of sub-prisms in these two first subareas are the same;
and wherein the plurality of second subareas are arranged in a rectangular array; in any four second subareas of the plurality of second subareas intersecting at one point, two second subareas have no adjacent edge, and the extending directions of the plurality of sub-prisms in these two second subareas are the same. 8. The prism assembly according to claim 6, wherein the plurality of first subareas intersect at a first intersection point, and each of the plurality of first subareas comprises one first sub-prism; extension lines of all first sub-prisms of the plurality of first subareas pass through the first intersection point; the plurality of second subareas intersect at a second intersection point, and the extending direction of the at least one second sub-prism in each of the plurality of second subareas is substantially parallel to a tangential direction of a concentric circle or a spiral line centered on the second intersection point; an orthographic projection of the first intersection point on the second prism sheet coincides with the second intersection point. 9. The prism assembly according to claim 6, wherein each of the at least one first sub-prism is continuous, and each of the at least one second sub-prism is continuous. 10. The prism assembly according to claim 6, wherein each of the at least one first sub-prism comprises at least one breakpoint, and each of the at least one second sub-prism comprises at least one breakpoint. 11. The prism assembly according to claim 8, wherein all the first sub-prisms divide a round angle equally. 12. The prism assembly according to claim 8, wherein a distance from inner ends of some first sub-prisms to a center of the first prism sheet is a, a distance from inner ends of other first sub-prisms to the center is b, and a>b. 13. The prism assembly according to claim 6, wherein the first prism sheet and the second prism sheet have the same polygonal shape; at least one of the first prism sheet and the second prism sheet further comprises a cutting slit, and the cutting slit is at a vertex of the polygonal shape. 14. The prism assembly according to claim 6, wherein the at least one first sub-prism is on a surface of the first prism sheet facing away from the second prism sheet; the at least one second sub-prism is on a surface of the second prism sheet facing away from the first prism sheet. 15. A display device comprising a backlight module; wherein the backlight module comprises a light source assembly and the prism assembly according to claim 6. 16. The display device according to claim 15, wherein the plurality of first subareas are arranged in an array; in any four first subareas of the plurality of first subareas intersecting at one point, two first subareas have no adjacent edge, and the extending directions of the sub-prisms in these two first subareas are the same;
and wherein the plurality of second subareas are arranged in a rectangular array; in any four second subareas of the plurality of second subareas intersecting at one point, two second subareas have no adjacent edge, and the extending directions of the plurality of sub-prisms in these two second subareas are the same. 17. The display device according to claim 15, wherein the plurality of first subareas intersect at a first intersection point, and each of the plurality of first subareas comprises one first sub-prism; extension lines of all first sub-prisms of the plurality of first subareas pass through the first intersection point; the plurality of second subareas intersect at a second intersection point, and the extending direction of the at least one second sub-prism in each of the plurality of second subareas is substantially parallel to a tangential direction of a concentric circle or a spiral line centered on the second intersection point; an orthographic projection of the first intersection point on the second prism sheet coincides with the second intersection point. 18. The display device according to claim 15, wherein each of the at least one first sub-prism is continuous, and each of the at least one second sub-prism is continuous. 19. The display device according to claim 15, wherein each of the at least one first sub-prism comprises at least one breakpoint, and each of the at least one second sub-prism comprises at least one breakpoint. 20. The display device according to claim 17, wherein all the first sub-prisms divide a round angle equally. | 3,700 |
345,174 | 16,643,083 | 3,781 | The invention also relates to the low-corrosion sulfonic acid obtained according to the process of the invention, and also to the use thereof as low-corrosion sulfonic acid. | 1. Process for producing a low-corrosion sulfonic acid, comprising at least the following steps:
a) adding at least one nitrite to a conventional sulfonic acid; b) curing the mixture obtained in step a) at a temperature between 0° C. and 100° C., and preferably between 0° C. and 80° C., more particularly between 10° C. and 60° C., even more particularly between 10° C. and 50° C., for a period of between a few seconds and a few hours, preferably between 1 min and 4 h, more particularly between 10 min and 2 h, even more particularly between 10 min and 1 h; c) recovering the low-corrosion sulfonic acid, 2. Process according to claim 1, in which the nitrite is chosen from alkali metal nitrites, alkaline-earth metal nitrites and ammonium nitrite, preferably from sodium nitrite and potassium nitrite, more preferably the nitrite is sodium nitrite. 3. Process according to claim 1 or claim 2, in which the sulfonic acid is a sulfonic acid of formula R—SO3H, where R represents a linear, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon-based chain comprising from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more radicals and/or atoms chosen from halogen atoms, alkyl radicals containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and aryl and heteroaryl radicals comprising 6 or 10 ring members. 4. Process according to claim 1, in which the sulfonic acid is chosen from methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, n-propanesulfonic acid, iso-propanesulfonic acid, n-butanesulfonic acid, iso-butanesulfonic acid, sec-butanesulfonic acid, tert-butanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, para-toluenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, and mixtures of two or more of them in any proportions, preferably from methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and para-toluenesulfonic acid, entirely preferably the sulfonic acid is methanesulfonic acid. 5. Process according to claim 1, in which the nitrite/sulfonic acid molar ratio is between 200 ppm and 6000 ppm, preferably between 400 ppm and 2000 ppm, particularly between 500 ppm and 1900 ppm. 6. Process according to claim 1, in which the mixture obtained after the curing of step b), or else during the curing of step b), or else during and after the curing of step b), is subjected to a step of bubbling air and/or inert gas, preferably inert gas. 7. Low-corrosion sulfonic acid substantially obtained according to the process of claim 1. 8. Use of the low-corrosion sulfonic acid according to claim 7, for limiting, or even preventing, the corrosion of metals by sulfonic acids. | The invention also relates to the low-corrosion sulfonic acid obtained according to the process of the invention, and also to the use thereof as low-corrosion sulfonic acid.1. Process for producing a low-corrosion sulfonic acid, comprising at least the following steps:
a) adding at least one nitrite to a conventional sulfonic acid; b) curing the mixture obtained in step a) at a temperature between 0° C. and 100° C., and preferably between 0° C. and 80° C., more particularly between 10° C. and 60° C., even more particularly between 10° C. and 50° C., for a period of between a few seconds and a few hours, preferably between 1 min and 4 h, more particularly between 10 min and 2 h, even more particularly between 10 min and 1 h; c) recovering the low-corrosion sulfonic acid, 2. Process according to claim 1, in which the nitrite is chosen from alkali metal nitrites, alkaline-earth metal nitrites and ammonium nitrite, preferably from sodium nitrite and potassium nitrite, more preferably the nitrite is sodium nitrite. 3. Process according to claim 1 or claim 2, in which the sulfonic acid is a sulfonic acid of formula R—SO3H, where R represents a linear, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon-based chain comprising from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more radicals and/or atoms chosen from halogen atoms, alkyl radicals containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and aryl and heteroaryl radicals comprising 6 or 10 ring members. 4. Process according to claim 1, in which the sulfonic acid is chosen from methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, n-propanesulfonic acid, iso-propanesulfonic acid, n-butanesulfonic acid, iso-butanesulfonic acid, sec-butanesulfonic acid, tert-butanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, para-toluenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, and mixtures of two or more of them in any proportions, preferably from methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and para-toluenesulfonic acid, entirely preferably the sulfonic acid is methanesulfonic acid. 5. Process according to claim 1, in which the nitrite/sulfonic acid molar ratio is between 200 ppm and 6000 ppm, preferably between 400 ppm and 2000 ppm, particularly between 500 ppm and 1900 ppm. 6. Process according to claim 1, in which the mixture obtained after the curing of step b), or else during the curing of step b), or else during and after the curing of step b), is subjected to a step of bubbling air and/or inert gas, preferably inert gas. 7. Low-corrosion sulfonic acid substantially obtained according to the process of claim 1. 8. Use of the low-corrosion sulfonic acid according to claim 7, for limiting, or even preventing, the corrosion of metals by sulfonic acids. | 3,700 |
345,175 | 16,643,070 | 3,781 | A method of guiding a user when performing a three-dimensional scan of an object includes determining two-dimensional feature points from two-dimensional captured images of the object, determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points, determining a cut plane based on the three-dimensional coordinates that divides the object into a target portion and a cut-away portion, and displaying the target portion of the object on a display using a first indicium and the cut-away portion of the object on the display using a second indicium that is different from the first indicium. | 1. A method of guiding a user when performing a three-dimensional scan of an object, comprising:
determining two-dimensional feature points from two-dimensional captured images of the object; determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points; determining a cut plane based on the three-dimensional coordinates that divides the object into a target portion and a cut-away portion; and displaying the target portion of the object on a display using a first indicium and the cut-away portion of the object on the display using a second indicium that is different from the first indicium, wherein the first indicium and the second indicium are audible or touch indicia. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points comprises:
determining the three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points using a Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) method. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving input from the user selecting use of the cut-plane for the three-dimensional scan. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the object is a person and the target portion is a face of the person. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the object is a person and the target portion is an entire head of the person. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the object comprises a subject and a support structure, the subject being supported by the support structure. 7. (canceled) 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the first indicium is a first color and the second indicium is a second color that is different from the first color. 9. (canceled) 10. (canceled) 11. A method of guiding a user when performing a three-dimensional scan of an object, comprising:
determining two-dimensional feature points from two-dimensional captured images of the object; associating a plurality of indicia with a plurality of two-dimensional feature point quality levels; evaluating a quality of the two-dimensional feature points that were determined from the two-dimensional captured images of the object; and displaying the object on the display using one or more of the plurality of indicia associated with the plurality of two-dimensional feature point quality levels based on the quality of the two-dimensional feature points that was evaluated. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points; wherein evaluating the quality of the two-dimensional feature points comprises: determining a precision of the three-dimensional coordinates based on a statistical uncertainty measurement between previously determined ones of the three-dimensional coordinates and subsequently determined ones of the three-dimensional coordinates. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the statistical uncertainty measurement is a standard deviation determination. 14. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points; wherein evaluating the quality of the two-dimensional feature points comprises: determining how much the three-dimensional coordinates have changed between previously determined ones of the three-dimensional coordinates and subsequently determined ones of the three-dimensional coordinates. 15. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points; wherein evaluating the quality of the two-dimensional feature points comprises: determining when the object moves during performing of the three-dimensional scan. 16. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points; wherein evaluating the quality of the two-dimensional feature points comprises: determining a density of polygons formed from the three-dimensional coordinates in areas corresponding to at least a portion of the object. 17. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points; wherein evaluating the quality of the two-dimensional feature points comprises: determining pose information for a camera used to capture the two-dimensional images of the object. 18-21. (canceled) 22. A mobile device including a user interface for guiding a user when performing a three-dimensional scan of an object, comprising:
a display; a processor; and a computer readable storage medium comprising computer readable program code that when executed by the processor causes the processor to perform operations comprising: determining two-dimensional feature points from two-dimensional captured images of the object; associating a plurality of indicia with a plurality of two-dimensional feature point quality levels; evaluating a quality of the two-dimensional feature points that were determined from the two-dimensional captured images of the object; and displaying the object on the display using one or more of the plurality of indicia associated with the plurality of two-dimensional feature point quality levels based on the quality of the two-dimensional feature points that was evaluated. 23. The mobile device of claim 22, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points; wherein evaluating the quality of the two-dimensional feature points comprises: determining a precision of the three-dimensional coordinates based on a statistical uncertainty measurement between previously determined ones of the three-dimensional coordinates and subsequently determined ones of the three-dimensional coordinates. 24. The mobile device of claim 22, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points; wherein evaluating the quality of the two-dimensional feature points comprises: determining how much the three-dimensional coordinates have changed between previously determined ones of the three-dimensional coordinates and subsequently determined ones of the three-dimensional coordinates. 25. The mobile device of claim 22, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points; wherein evaluating the quality of the two-dimensional feature points comprises: determining when the object moves during performing of the three-dimensional scan. 26. The mobile device of claim 22, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points; wherein evaluating the quality of the two-dimensional feature points comprises: determining a density of polygons formed from the three-dimensional coordinates in areas corresponding to at least a portion of the object. 27. The mobile device of claim 22, further comprising:
a camera; wherein the operations further comprise: determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points; wherein evaluating the quality of the two-dimensional feature points comprises: determining pose information for a camera used to capture the two-dimensional images of the object. 28-37. (canceled) | A method of guiding a user when performing a three-dimensional scan of an object includes determining two-dimensional feature points from two-dimensional captured images of the object, determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points, determining a cut plane based on the three-dimensional coordinates that divides the object into a target portion and a cut-away portion, and displaying the target portion of the object on a display using a first indicium and the cut-away portion of the object on the display using a second indicium that is different from the first indicium.1. A method of guiding a user when performing a three-dimensional scan of an object, comprising:
determining two-dimensional feature points from two-dimensional captured images of the object; determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points; determining a cut plane based on the three-dimensional coordinates that divides the object into a target portion and a cut-away portion; and displaying the target portion of the object on a display using a first indicium and the cut-away portion of the object on the display using a second indicium that is different from the first indicium, wherein the first indicium and the second indicium are audible or touch indicia. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points comprises:
determining the three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points using a Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) method. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving input from the user selecting use of the cut-plane for the three-dimensional scan. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the object is a person and the target portion is a face of the person. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the object is a person and the target portion is an entire head of the person. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the object comprises a subject and a support structure, the subject being supported by the support structure. 7. (canceled) 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the first indicium is a first color and the second indicium is a second color that is different from the first color. 9. (canceled) 10. (canceled) 11. A method of guiding a user when performing a three-dimensional scan of an object, comprising:
determining two-dimensional feature points from two-dimensional captured images of the object; associating a plurality of indicia with a plurality of two-dimensional feature point quality levels; evaluating a quality of the two-dimensional feature points that were determined from the two-dimensional captured images of the object; and displaying the object on the display using one or more of the plurality of indicia associated with the plurality of two-dimensional feature point quality levels based on the quality of the two-dimensional feature points that was evaluated. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points; wherein evaluating the quality of the two-dimensional feature points comprises: determining a precision of the three-dimensional coordinates based on a statistical uncertainty measurement between previously determined ones of the three-dimensional coordinates and subsequently determined ones of the three-dimensional coordinates. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the statistical uncertainty measurement is a standard deviation determination. 14. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points; wherein evaluating the quality of the two-dimensional feature points comprises: determining how much the three-dimensional coordinates have changed between previously determined ones of the three-dimensional coordinates and subsequently determined ones of the three-dimensional coordinates. 15. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points; wherein evaluating the quality of the two-dimensional feature points comprises: determining when the object moves during performing of the three-dimensional scan. 16. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points; wherein evaluating the quality of the two-dimensional feature points comprises: determining a density of polygons formed from the three-dimensional coordinates in areas corresponding to at least a portion of the object. 17. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points; wherein evaluating the quality of the two-dimensional feature points comprises: determining pose information for a camera used to capture the two-dimensional images of the object. 18-21. (canceled) 22. A mobile device including a user interface for guiding a user when performing a three-dimensional scan of an object, comprising:
a display; a processor; and a computer readable storage medium comprising computer readable program code that when executed by the processor causes the processor to perform operations comprising: determining two-dimensional feature points from two-dimensional captured images of the object; associating a plurality of indicia with a plurality of two-dimensional feature point quality levels; evaluating a quality of the two-dimensional feature points that were determined from the two-dimensional captured images of the object; and displaying the object on the display using one or more of the plurality of indicia associated with the plurality of two-dimensional feature point quality levels based on the quality of the two-dimensional feature points that was evaluated. 23. The mobile device of claim 22, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points; wherein evaluating the quality of the two-dimensional feature points comprises: determining a precision of the three-dimensional coordinates based on a statistical uncertainty measurement between previously determined ones of the three-dimensional coordinates and subsequently determined ones of the three-dimensional coordinates. 24. The mobile device of claim 22, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points; wherein evaluating the quality of the two-dimensional feature points comprises: determining how much the three-dimensional coordinates have changed between previously determined ones of the three-dimensional coordinates and subsequently determined ones of the three-dimensional coordinates. 25. The mobile device of claim 22, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points; wherein evaluating the quality of the two-dimensional feature points comprises: determining when the object moves during performing of the three-dimensional scan. 26. The mobile device of claim 22, wherein the operations further comprise:
determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points; wherein evaluating the quality of the two-dimensional feature points comprises: determining a density of polygons formed from the three-dimensional coordinates in areas corresponding to at least a portion of the object. 27. The mobile device of claim 22, further comprising:
a camera; wherein the operations further comprise: determining three-dimensional coordinates for the two-dimensional feature points; wherein evaluating the quality of the two-dimensional feature points comprises: determining pose information for a camera used to capture the two-dimensional images of the object. 28-37. (canceled) | 3,700 |
345,176 | 16,643,106 | 3,781 | A process is described for the recovery of the chemical components of the “black paste” resulting from the opening of dead alkaline and zinc-carbon batteries. | 1. A process of chemical treatment of black paste resulting from opening alkaline or zinc-carbon batteries or mixtures thereof, comprising the following steps:
a) cutting zinc-carbon or alkaline batteries or mixtures thereof, with selective dry extraction of black paste; b) washing the black paste with water to separate the potassium hydroxide of the alkaline batteries and the ammonium chloride of zinc-carbon batteries in the form of a solution, and recovering the black paste fraction that is insoluble in water; c) treatment of the wet black paste resulting from step b) with an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid, achieving the solubilisation of metallic zinc and of its compounds and of manganese compounds, and the salification of the residual potassium hydroxide with the formation of potassium sulfate; d) separating the insoluble residue of black paste consisting of manganese dioxide and carbon from the sulfuric solution; e) treating the sulfuric solution obtained in step d) with oxalic acid in sub-stoichiometric amounts compared to zinc, obtaining the precipitation of zinc oxalate; f) separation of zinc oxalate from the sulfuric solution; g) electrolysis of the acid solution with formation of MnO2 at the anode. 2. The process according to claim 1, wherein in step b), 500 to 1000 liters of water, preferably 700 to 800 liters of water, are used per 100 kg of black paste. 3. The process according to claim 1, wherein, per 100 kg of starting black paste, in step c), 1200 to 2000 liters are used, preferably about 1500 liters, of an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid having a concentration of between 5 and 15% by weight, preferably of about 8% by weight. 4. The process according to claim 1, further comprising a further step b′), consisting in treating the aqueous solution separated after step b) with carbon dioxide, forming potassium carbonate (K2CO3). 5. The process according to claim 1, further comprising a further step f′), consisting in recirculating to step c) the sulfuric solution separated in step f), obtaining the enrichment in manganese sulfates of the solution to be conveyed to electrolysis in step g). 6. The process according to claim 1, further comprising a further step g′), consisting in treating the solution recovered after step g) with further oxalic acid, to complete the precipitation of zinc residues. 7. The process according to claim 4, further comprising a further step h), consisting in adding the potassium carbonate produced in step b′) to the solution resulting from one of steps g) or g′), obtaining the precipitation of manganese (II) carbonate (MnCO3). 8. The process according to claim 1, further comprising a further step i), wherein the insoluble residue of black paste obtained in step d) is treated with the KOH solution obtained in step b), or with the solution of potassium carbonate produced in step b′). | A process is described for the recovery of the chemical components of the “black paste” resulting from the opening of dead alkaline and zinc-carbon batteries.1. A process of chemical treatment of black paste resulting from opening alkaline or zinc-carbon batteries or mixtures thereof, comprising the following steps:
a) cutting zinc-carbon or alkaline batteries or mixtures thereof, with selective dry extraction of black paste; b) washing the black paste with water to separate the potassium hydroxide of the alkaline batteries and the ammonium chloride of zinc-carbon batteries in the form of a solution, and recovering the black paste fraction that is insoluble in water; c) treatment of the wet black paste resulting from step b) with an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid, achieving the solubilisation of metallic zinc and of its compounds and of manganese compounds, and the salification of the residual potassium hydroxide with the formation of potassium sulfate; d) separating the insoluble residue of black paste consisting of manganese dioxide and carbon from the sulfuric solution; e) treating the sulfuric solution obtained in step d) with oxalic acid in sub-stoichiometric amounts compared to zinc, obtaining the precipitation of zinc oxalate; f) separation of zinc oxalate from the sulfuric solution; g) electrolysis of the acid solution with formation of MnO2 at the anode. 2. The process according to claim 1, wherein in step b), 500 to 1000 liters of water, preferably 700 to 800 liters of water, are used per 100 kg of black paste. 3. The process according to claim 1, wherein, per 100 kg of starting black paste, in step c), 1200 to 2000 liters are used, preferably about 1500 liters, of an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid having a concentration of between 5 and 15% by weight, preferably of about 8% by weight. 4. The process according to claim 1, further comprising a further step b′), consisting in treating the aqueous solution separated after step b) with carbon dioxide, forming potassium carbonate (K2CO3). 5. The process according to claim 1, further comprising a further step f′), consisting in recirculating to step c) the sulfuric solution separated in step f), obtaining the enrichment in manganese sulfates of the solution to be conveyed to electrolysis in step g). 6. The process according to claim 1, further comprising a further step g′), consisting in treating the solution recovered after step g) with further oxalic acid, to complete the precipitation of zinc residues. 7. The process according to claim 4, further comprising a further step h), consisting in adding the potassium carbonate produced in step b′) to the solution resulting from one of steps g) or g′), obtaining the precipitation of manganese (II) carbonate (MnCO3). 8. The process according to claim 1, further comprising a further step i), wherein the insoluble residue of black paste obtained in step d) is treated with the KOH solution obtained in step b), or with the solution of potassium carbonate produced in step b′). | 3,700 |
345,177 | 16,643,093 | 3,781 | A pixel circuit, includes: a driving signal generating sub-circuit configured to generate and output an initial driving signal; a voltage boost sub-circuit electrically connected to the driving signal generating sub-circuit, and configured to receive the initial driving signal, amplify the initial driving signal to generate a target driving signal, and output the target driving signal; and a light-emitting sub-circuit electrically connected to the voltage boost sub-circuit, and configured to receive the target driving signal and be driven by the target driving signal to emit light. | 1. A pixel circuit, comprising:
a driving signal generating sub-circuit configured to generate and output an initial driving signal; a voltage boost sub-circuit electrically connected to the driving signal generating sub-circuit, and configured to receive the initial driving signal, amplify the initial driving signal to generate a target driving signal, and output the target driving signal; and a light-emitting sub-circuit electrically connected to the voltage boost sub-circuit, and configured to receive the target driving signal and be driven by the target driving signal to emit light. 2. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the voltage boost sub-circuit includes:
a bipolar junction transistor having a base, a collector and an emitter; a first resistor electrically connected between the driving signal generating sub-circuit and the base of the bipolar junction transistor; a second resistor electrically connected between a first voltage terminal and the collector of the bipolar junction transistor; and a third resistor electrically connected between a second voltage terminal and the emitter of the bipolar junction transistor, wherein the emitter of the bipolar junction transistor is further electrically connected to the light-emitting sub-circuit. 3. The pixel circuit according to claim 2, wherein the bipolar junction transistor includes a silicon bipolar junction transistor. 4. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the driving signal generating sub-circuit includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor and a first storage capacitor;
a control electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to a first scanning signal terminal, a first electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to a data voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to a first terminal of the first storage capacitor; a control electrode of the second transistor is electrically connected to the second electrode of the first transistor and the first terminal of the first storage capacitor, a first electrode of the second transistor is electrically connected to a second electrode of the third transistor, and a second electrode of the second transistor is electrically connected to the voltage boost sub-circuit; a control electrode of the third transistor is electrically connected to an enabling signal terminal, and a first electrode of the third transistor is electrically connected to a third voltage terminal; and a second terminal of the first storage capacitor is electrically connected to a fourth voltage terminal. 5. The pixel circuit according to claim 4, wherein the driving signal generating sub-circuit further includes a fourth transistor; and
a control electrode of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to a second scanning signal terminal, a first electrode of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the data voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first storage capacitor. 6. The pixel circuit according to claim 5, wherein one of the first transistor and the fourth transistor is an N-type transistor, and another of the first transistor and the fourth transistor is a P-type transistor. 7. The pixel circuit according to claim 4, wherein the driving signal generating sub-circuit further includes a fifth transistor; and
a control electrode of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to a first reset signal terminal, a first electrode of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to a fifth voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to the second electrode of the second transistor and the voltage boost sub-circuit. 8. The pixel circuit according to claim 4, wherein the voltage boost sub-circuit is electrically connected to a first voltage terminal, and the voltage boost sub-circuit is configured to receive a voltage signal from the first voltage terminal that is the same as a voltage signal received by the driving signal generating sub-circuit from the third voltage terminal. 9. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the driving signal generating sub-circuit includes a sixth transistor, a seventh transistor and a second storage capacitor;
a control electrode of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to a third scanning signal terminal, a first electrode of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to a data voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to a first terminal of the second storage capacitor; and a control electrode of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to the second electrode of the sixth transistor and the first terminal of the second storage capacitor, a first electrode of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to a second terminal of the second storage capacitor and a sixth voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to the voltage boost sub-circuit. 10. The pixel circuit according to claim 9, wherein the driving signal generating sub-circuit further includes an eighth transistor; and
a control electrode of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to a fourth scanning signal terminal, a first electrode of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to the data voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to the control electrode of the seventh transistor and the first terminal of the second storage capacitor. 11. The pixel circuit according to claim 10, wherein one of the sixth transistor and the eighth transistor is an N-type transistor, and another of the sixth transistor and the eighth transistor is a P-type transistor. 12. The pixel circuit according to claim 9, wherein the driving signal generating sub-circuit further includes a ninth transistor; and
a control electrode of the ninth transistor is electrically connected to a second reset signal terminal, a first electrode of the ninth transistor is electrically connected to a seventh voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the ninth transistor is electrically connected to the second electrode of the seventh transistor and the voltage boost sub-circuit. 13. The pixel circuit according to claim 9, wherein the voltage boost sub-circuit is electrically connected to a first voltage terminal, and the voltage boost sub-circuit is configured to receive a voltage signal from the first voltage terminal that is the same as a voltage signal received by the driving signal generating sub-circuit from the sixth voltage terminal. 14. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the light-emitting sub-circuit includes
a self-emitting-light device, wherein an anode of the self-emitting-light device is electrically connected to the voltage boost sub-circuit and a cathode of the self-emitting-light device is electrically connected to an eighth voltage terminal. 15. The pixel circuit according to claim 14, wherein the light-emitting sub-circuit further includes a fourth resistor; and
the fourth resistor is electrically connected between the anode of the self-emitting-light device and the voltage boost sub-circuit. 16. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the driving signal generating sub-circuit includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor and a first storage capacitor;
a control electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to a first scanning signal terminal, a first electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to a data voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to a first terminal of the first storage capacitor; and a second terminal of the first storage capacitor is electrically connected to a fourth voltage terminal; a control electrode of the second transistor is electrically connected to the second electrode of the first transistor and the first terminal of the first storage capacitor, a first electrode of the second transistor is electrically connected to a second electrode of the third transistor, and a second electrode of the second transistor is electrically connected to the voltage boost sub-circuit; a control electrode of the third transistor is electrically connected to an enabling signal terminal, and a first electrode of the third transistor is electrically connected to a third voltage terminal; a control electrode of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to a second scanning signal terminal, a first electrode of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the data voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the control electrode of the second transistor and the first terminal of the first storage capacitor; a control electrode of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to a first reset signal terminal, a first electrode of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to a fifth voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to the second electrode of the second transistor and the voltage boost sub-circuit, wherein one of the first transistor and the fourth transistor is an N-type transistor, and another of the first transistor and the fourth transistor is a P-type transistor; the voltage boost sub-circuit is electrically connected to a first voltage terminal. 17. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the driving signal generating sub-circuit includes a sixth transistor, a seventh transistor, an eighth transistor, a ninth transistor and a second storage capacitor;
a control electrode of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to a third scanning signal terminal, a first electrode of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to a data voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to a first terminal of the second storage capacitor; a control electrode of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to the second electrode of the sixth transistor and the first terminal of the second storage capacitor, a first electrode of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to a second terminal of the second storage capacitor and a sixth voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to the voltage boost sub-circuit; a control electrode of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to a fourth scanning signal terminal, a first electrode of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to the data voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to the control electrode of the seventh transistor and the first terminal of the second storage capacitor; a control electrode of the ninth transistor is electrically connected to a second reset signal terminal, a first electrode of the ninth transistor is electrically connected to a seventh voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the ninth transistor is electrically connected to the second electrode of the seventh transistor and the voltage boost sub-circuit, wherein one of the sixth transistor and the eighth transistor is an N-type transistor, and another of the sixth transistor and the eighth transistor is a P-type transistor; the voltage boost sub-circuit is electrically connected to a first voltage terminal. 18. A display apparatus, comprising the pixel circuit according to claim 1. 19. A driving method of the pixel circuit according to claim 1, the driving method comprising:
generating, by the driving signal generating sub-circuit, an initial driving signal, and outputting, by the driving signal generating sub-circuit, the initial driving signal; receiving, by the voltage boost sub-circuit, the initial driving signal, amplifying, by the voltage boost sub-circuit, the initial driving signal to generate a target driving signal, and outputting, by the voltage boost sub-circuit, the target driving signal; and receiving, by the light-emitting sub-circuit, the target driving signal, and emitting, by a self-emitting-light device in the light-emitting sub-circuit, light under driving of the target driving signal. 20. The driving method of the pixel circuit according to claim 19, wherein the driving signal generating sub-circuit includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a fourth transistor and a first storage capacitor;
generating, by the driving signal generating sub-circuit, the initial driving signal includes: the first transistor being turned on under control of a first scanning signal output via a first scanning signal terminal, and the fourth transistor being turned on under control of a second scanning signal output via a second scanning signal terminal; transmitting, by the first transistor and the fourth transistor, a data voltage signal output via a data voltage terminal to both the first storage capacitor and a control electrode of the second transistor, and storing, by the first storage capacitor, the data voltage signal; and the third transistor being turned on under control of an enabling signal output via an enabling signal terminal, transmitting, by the third transistor, a third voltage signal output via a third voltage terminal to the second transistor, and outputting, by the second transistor, the third voltage signal as the initial driving signal via the second electrode of the second transistor. | A pixel circuit, includes: a driving signal generating sub-circuit configured to generate and output an initial driving signal; a voltage boost sub-circuit electrically connected to the driving signal generating sub-circuit, and configured to receive the initial driving signal, amplify the initial driving signal to generate a target driving signal, and output the target driving signal; and a light-emitting sub-circuit electrically connected to the voltage boost sub-circuit, and configured to receive the target driving signal and be driven by the target driving signal to emit light.1. A pixel circuit, comprising:
a driving signal generating sub-circuit configured to generate and output an initial driving signal; a voltage boost sub-circuit electrically connected to the driving signal generating sub-circuit, and configured to receive the initial driving signal, amplify the initial driving signal to generate a target driving signal, and output the target driving signal; and a light-emitting sub-circuit electrically connected to the voltage boost sub-circuit, and configured to receive the target driving signal and be driven by the target driving signal to emit light. 2. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the voltage boost sub-circuit includes:
a bipolar junction transistor having a base, a collector and an emitter; a first resistor electrically connected between the driving signal generating sub-circuit and the base of the bipolar junction transistor; a second resistor electrically connected between a first voltage terminal and the collector of the bipolar junction transistor; and a third resistor electrically connected between a second voltage terminal and the emitter of the bipolar junction transistor, wherein the emitter of the bipolar junction transistor is further electrically connected to the light-emitting sub-circuit. 3. The pixel circuit according to claim 2, wherein the bipolar junction transistor includes a silicon bipolar junction transistor. 4. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the driving signal generating sub-circuit includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor and a first storage capacitor;
a control electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to a first scanning signal terminal, a first electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to a data voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to a first terminal of the first storage capacitor; a control electrode of the second transistor is electrically connected to the second electrode of the first transistor and the first terminal of the first storage capacitor, a first electrode of the second transistor is electrically connected to a second electrode of the third transistor, and a second electrode of the second transistor is electrically connected to the voltage boost sub-circuit; a control electrode of the third transistor is electrically connected to an enabling signal terminal, and a first electrode of the third transistor is electrically connected to a third voltage terminal; and a second terminal of the first storage capacitor is electrically connected to a fourth voltage terminal. 5. The pixel circuit according to claim 4, wherein the driving signal generating sub-circuit further includes a fourth transistor; and
a control electrode of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to a second scanning signal terminal, a first electrode of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the data voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first storage capacitor. 6. The pixel circuit according to claim 5, wherein one of the first transistor and the fourth transistor is an N-type transistor, and another of the first transistor and the fourth transistor is a P-type transistor. 7. The pixel circuit according to claim 4, wherein the driving signal generating sub-circuit further includes a fifth transistor; and
a control electrode of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to a first reset signal terminal, a first electrode of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to a fifth voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to the second electrode of the second transistor and the voltage boost sub-circuit. 8. The pixel circuit according to claim 4, wherein the voltage boost sub-circuit is electrically connected to a first voltage terminal, and the voltage boost sub-circuit is configured to receive a voltage signal from the first voltage terminal that is the same as a voltage signal received by the driving signal generating sub-circuit from the third voltage terminal. 9. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the driving signal generating sub-circuit includes a sixth transistor, a seventh transistor and a second storage capacitor;
a control electrode of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to a third scanning signal terminal, a first electrode of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to a data voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to a first terminal of the second storage capacitor; and a control electrode of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to the second electrode of the sixth transistor and the first terminal of the second storage capacitor, a first electrode of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to a second terminal of the second storage capacitor and a sixth voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to the voltage boost sub-circuit. 10. The pixel circuit according to claim 9, wherein the driving signal generating sub-circuit further includes an eighth transistor; and
a control electrode of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to a fourth scanning signal terminal, a first electrode of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to the data voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to the control electrode of the seventh transistor and the first terminal of the second storage capacitor. 11. The pixel circuit according to claim 10, wherein one of the sixth transistor and the eighth transistor is an N-type transistor, and another of the sixth transistor and the eighth transistor is a P-type transistor. 12. The pixel circuit according to claim 9, wherein the driving signal generating sub-circuit further includes a ninth transistor; and
a control electrode of the ninth transistor is electrically connected to a second reset signal terminal, a first electrode of the ninth transistor is electrically connected to a seventh voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the ninth transistor is electrically connected to the second electrode of the seventh transistor and the voltage boost sub-circuit. 13. The pixel circuit according to claim 9, wherein the voltage boost sub-circuit is electrically connected to a first voltage terminal, and the voltage boost sub-circuit is configured to receive a voltage signal from the first voltage terminal that is the same as a voltage signal received by the driving signal generating sub-circuit from the sixth voltage terminal. 14. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the light-emitting sub-circuit includes
a self-emitting-light device, wherein an anode of the self-emitting-light device is electrically connected to the voltage boost sub-circuit and a cathode of the self-emitting-light device is electrically connected to an eighth voltage terminal. 15. The pixel circuit according to claim 14, wherein the light-emitting sub-circuit further includes a fourth resistor; and
the fourth resistor is electrically connected between the anode of the self-emitting-light device and the voltage boost sub-circuit. 16. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the driving signal generating sub-circuit includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor and a first storage capacitor;
a control electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to a first scanning signal terminal, a first electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to a data voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to a first terminal of the first storage capacitor; and a second terminal of the first storage capacitor is electrically connected to a fourth voltage terminal; a control electrode of the second transistor is electrically connected to the second electrode of the first transistor and the first terminal of the first storage capacitor, a first electrode of the second transistor is electrically connected to a second electrode of the third transistor, and a second electrode of the second transistor is electrically connected to the voltage boost sub-circuit; a control electrode of the third transistor is electrically connected to an enabling signal terminal, and a first electrode of the third transistor is electrically connected to a third voltage terminal; a control electrode of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to a second scanning signal terminal, a first electrode of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the data voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the control electrode of the second transistor and the first terminal of the first storage capacitor; a control electrode of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to a first reset signal terminal, a first electrode of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to a fifth voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to the second electrode of the second transistor and the voltage boost sub-circuit, wherein one of the first transistor and the fourth transistor is an N-type transistor, and another of the first transistor and the fourth transistor is a P-type transistor; the voltage boost sub-circuit is electrically connected to a first voltage terminal. 17. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the driving signal generating sub-circuit includes a sixth transistor, a seventh transistor, an eighth transistor, a ninth transistor and a second storage capacitor;
a control electrode of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to a third scanning signal terminal, a first electrode of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to a data voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to a first terminal of the second storage capacitor; a control electrode of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to the second electrode of the sixth transistor and the first terminal of the second storage capacitor, a first electrode of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to a second terminal of the second storage capacitor and a sixth voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to the voltage boost sub-circuit; a control electrode of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to a fourth scanning signal terminal, a first electrode of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to the data voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to the control electrode of the seventh transistor and the first terminal of the second storage capacitor; a control electrode of the ninth transistor is electrically connected to a second reset signal terminal, a first electrode of the ninth transistor is electrically connected to a seventh voltage terminal, and a second electrode of the ninth transistor is electrically connected to the second electrode of the seventh transistor and the voltage boost sub-circuit, wherein one of the sixth transistor and the eighth transistor is an N-type transistor, and another of the sixth transistor and the eighth transistor is a P-type transistor; the voltage boost sub-circuit is electrically connected to a first voltage terminal. 18. A display apparatus, comprising the pixel circuit according to claim 1. 19. A driving method of the pixel circuit according to claim 1, the driving method comprising:
generating, by the driving signal generating sub-circuit, an initial driving signal, and outputting, by the driving signal generating sub-circuit, the initial driving signal; receiving, by the voltage boost sub-circuit, the initial driving signal, amplifying, by the voltage boost sub-circuit, the initial driving signal to generate a target driving signal, and outputting, by the voltage boost sub-circuit, the target driving signal; and receiving, by the light-emitting sub-circuit, the target driving signal, and emitting, by a self-emitting-light device in the light-emitting sub-circuit, light under driving of the target driving signal. 20. The driving method of the pixel circuit according to claim 19, wherein the driving signal generating sub-circuit includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a fourth transistor and a first storage capacitor;
generating, by the driving signal generating sub-circuit, the initial driving signal includes: the first transistor being turned on under control of a first scanning signal output via a first scanning signal terminal, and the fourth transistor being turned on under control of a second scanning signal output via a second scanning signal terminal; transmitting, by the first transistor and the fourth transistor, a data voltage signal output via a data voltage terminal to both the first storage capacitor and a control electrode of the second transistor, and storing, by the first storage capacitor, the data voltage signal; and the third transistor being turned on under control of an enabling signal output via an enabling signal terminal, transmitting, by the third transistor, a third voltage signal output via a third voltage terminal to the second transistor, and outputting, by the second transistor, the third voltage signal as the initial driving signal via the second electrode of the second transistor. | 3,700 |
345,178 | 16,643,069 | 3,781 | The present invention features interferon-free therapies for the treatment of HCV. Preferably, the treatment is over a shorter duration of treatment, such as no more than 12 weeks. In one aspect, the treatment comprises administering at least two direct acting antiviral agents to a subject with HCV infection, wherein the treatment lasts for 12 weeks and does not include administration of either interferon or ribavirin, and said at least two direct acting antiviral agents comprise (a) Compound 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and (b) Compound 2 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. | 1. A method of preventing a hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1-6 infection in a transplant recipient receiving a solid organ from an HCV-infected donor, comprising administering two direct acting antiviral agents (DAAs) to the recipient once daily for a duration of no more than 16 weeks, wherein said method does not include administration of either interferon or ribavirin to said recipient, and wherein said two DAAs are (1) Compound 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and (2) Compound 2 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the solid organ is a kidney and the duration is 8 weeks. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the solid organ is a kidney and the duration is 6 weeks. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the solid organ is a kidney and the duration is 4 weeks. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method begins before or simultaneously with transplant surgery. 6. The method of claim 1, comprising administering 300 mg Compound 1 and 120 mg Compound 2 to said recipient once daily. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the donor is infected with HCV genotype 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the donor is without cirrhosis. 9. A method of preventing or treating a hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1-6 infection in a transplant recipient, comprising administering two direct acting antiviral agents (DAAs) to the recipient once daily for a duration of no more than 16 weeks, wherein said method does not include administration of either interferon or ribavirin to said recipient, and wherein said two DAAs are (1) Compound 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and (2) Compound 2 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the transplant recipient was HCV-free prior to receiving a solid organ from an HCV-infected donor. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the method begins before or simultaneously with transplant surgery. 12. The method of claim 9, wherein the method begins after transplant surgery. 13. The method of claim 9, wherein the method begins more than one year after transplant surgery. 14. The method of claim 9, wherein the duration is 12 weeks or 8 weeks. 15. The method of claim 9, wherein the duration is 6 weeks. 16. The method of claim 9, wherein the duration is 4 weeks. 17. The method of claim 9, wherein the transplant recipient is a liver transplant recipient. 18. The method of claim 9, wherein the transplant recipient is a kidney transplant recipient. 19. The method of claim 9, comprising administering 300 mg Compound 1 and 120 mg Compound 2 to said recipient once daily. 20. The method of claim 9, wherein the transplant recipient is without cirrhosis. | The present invention features interferon-free therapies for the treatment of HCV. Preferably, the treatment is over a shorter duration of treatment, such as no more than 12 weeks. In one aspect, the treatment comprises administering at least two direct acting antiviral agents to a subject with HCV infection, wherein the treatment lasts for 12 weeks and does not include administration of either interferon or ribavirin, and said at least two direct acting antiviral agents comprise (a) Compound 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and (b) Compound 2 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.1. A method of preventing a hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1-6 infection in a transplant recipient receiving a solid organ from an HCV-infected donor, comprising administering two direct acting antiviral agents (DAAs) to the recipient once daily for a duration of no more than 16 weeks, wherein said method does not include administration of either interferon or ribavirin to said recipient, and wherein said two DAAs are (1) Compound 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and (2) Compound 2 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the solid organ is a kidney and the duration is 8 weeks. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the solid organ is a kidney and the duration is 6 weeks. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the solid organ is a kidney and the duration is 4 weeks. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method begins before or simultaneously with transplant surgery. 6. The method of claim 1, comprising administering 300 mg Compound 1 and 120 mg Compound 2 to said recipient once daily. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the donor is infected with HCV genotype 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the donor is without cirrhosis. 9. A method of preventing or treating a hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1-6 infection in a transplant recipient, comprising administering two direct acting antiviral agents (DAAs) to the recipient once daily for a duration of no more than 16 weeks, wherein said method does not include administration of either interferon or ribavirin to said recipient, and wherein said two DAAs are (1) Compound 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and (2) Compound 2 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the transplant recipient was HCV-free prior to receiving a solid organ from an HCV-infected donor. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the method begins before or simultaneously with transplant surgery. 12. The method of claim 9, wherein the method begins after transplant surgery. 13. The method of claim 9, wherein the method begins more than one year after transplant surgery. 14. The method of claim 9, wherein the duration is 12 weeks or 8 weeks. 15. The method of claim 9, wherein the duration is 6 weeks. 16. The method of claim 9, wherein the duration is 4 weeks. 17. The method of claim 9, wherein the transplant recipient is a liver transplant recipient. 18. The method of claim 9, wherein the transplant recipient is a kidney transplant recipient. 19. The method of claim 9, comprising administering 300 mg Compound 1 and 120 mg Compound 2 to said recipient once daily. 20. The method of claim 9, wherein the transplant recipient is without cirrhosis. | 3,700 |
345,179 | 16,643,071 | 3,781 | A Doherty power amplifier and a device are disclosed. In a combiner of the Doherty power amplifier, a first input port and a termination port are open coupled by at least two coupled microstrip lines and/or a second input port and an output port are open coupled by at least two coupled microstrip lines. Therefore, a balanced amplitude bandwidth may be obtained and may be much broader than that of the existing solutions, in addition, a controllable size or a potentially small size may be realized. Furthermore, the Doherty power amplifier in this disclosure may provide large 2nd harmonic suppression to meet product spectrum mask requirements. | 1. A Doherty power amplifier, comprising a power divider, a carrier amplifier, a peaking amplifier and a combiner, wherein,
the combiner is configured to combine output signals of the carrier amplifier and the peaking amplifier and comprise a first input port, a second input port, an output port and a termination port; the first input port and the termination port are open coupled by two or more coupled microstrip lines and/or the second input port and the output port are open coupled by two or more coupled microstrip lines; the first input port and the second input port are connected by a quarter wavelength transmission line and/or the termination port and the output port are connected by a quarter wavelength transmission line. 2. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the first input port is connected to the carrier amplifier and the second input port is connected to the peaking amplifier to form a non-inverted load modulation combiner. 3. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the first input port is connected to the peaking amplifier and the second input port is connected to the carrier amplifier to form an inverted load modulation combiner. 4. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the coupled microstrip lines comprise open coupled stubs and are broadband equivalents of a low impedance quarter wavelength transmission line. 5. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the coupled microstrip lines between the first input port and the termination port are equivalently parallel to the coupled microstrip lines between the second input port and the output port. 6. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein load of the termination port comprises one or more of an open stub, a short stub, and an equivalent reactive load. 7. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein load of the termination port has a same effect as placing offset lines in series with the first input port and the second input port for the output signals of the carrier amplifier and the peaking amplifier, respectively. 8. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 7, wherein an equivalent electrical length of the load of the termination port is configured to be adjusted to realize tradeoff between an intermodulation distortion level and efficiency of the Doherty power amplifier. 9. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein one or more of the following lines are configured to be U-shaped folded structures:
the coupled microstrip lines between the first input port and the termination port; the coupled microstrip lines between the second input port and the output port; the quarter wavelength transmission line between the first input port and the second input port; and the quarter wavelength transmission line between the output port and the termination port. 10. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the coupled microstrip lines is configured to suppress amplitude imbalance and/or a second harmonic level of the Doherty power amplifier. 11. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the coupled microstrip lines have relatively low equivalent impedance while the quarter wavelength transmission lines have relatively high impedance. 12. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein an even mode electrical length and an odd mode electrical length of the coupled microstrip lines are equal. 13. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein an even mode impedance of the coupled microstrip lines is in a range of 100˜200 Ohm, while an odd mode impedance of the coupled microstrip lines is in a range of 20˜100 Ohm. 14. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the higher a value of a coupling factor of the coupled microstrip lines is, the broader an obtained bandwidth of a balanced amplitude is. 15. A device, comprising the Doherty power amplifier as claimed in claim 1. 16. The device according to claim 15, wherein the device is a terminal device or a network device in a communication system. | A Doherty power amplifier and a device are disclosed. In a combiner of the Doherty power amplifier, a first input port and a termination port are open coupled by at least two coupled microstrip lines and/or a second input port and an output port are open coupled by at least two coupled microstrip lines. Therefore, a balanced amplitude bandwidth may be obtained and may be much broader than that of the existing solutions, in addition, a controllable size or a potentially small size may be realized. Furthermore, the Doherty power amplifier in this disclosure may provide large 2nd harmonic suppression to meet product spectrum mask requirements.1. A Doherty power amplifier, comprising a power divider, a carrier amplifier, a peaking amplifier and a combiner, wherein,
the combiner is configured to combine output signals of the carrier amplifier and the peaking amplifier and comprise a first input port, a second input port, an output port and a termination port; the first input port and the termination port are open coupled by two or more coupled microstrip lines and/or the second input port and the output port are open coupled by two or more coupled microstrip lines; the first input port and the second input port are connected by a quarter wavelength transmission line and/or the termination port and the output port are connected by a quarter wavelength transmission line. 2. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the first input port is connected to the carrier amplifier and the second input port is connected to the peaking amplifier to form a non-inverted load modulation combiner. 3. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the first input port is connected to the peaking amplifier and the second input port is connected to the carrier amplifier to form an inverted load modulation combiner. 4. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the coupled microstrip lines comprise open coupled stubs and are broadband equivalents of a low impedance quarter wavelength transmission line. 5. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the coupled microstrip lines between the first input port and the termination port are equivalently parallel to the coupled microstrip lines between the second input port and the output port. 6. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein load of the termination port comprises one or more of an open stub, a short stub, and an equivalent reactive load. 7. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein load of the termination port has a same effect as placing offset lines in series with the first input port and the second input port for the output signals of the carrier amplifier and the peaking amplifier, respectively. 8. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 7, wherein an equivalent electrical length of the load of the termination port is configured to be adjusted to realize tradeoff between an intermodulation distortion level and efficiency of the Doherty power amplifier. 9. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein one or more of the following lines are configured to be U-shaped folded structures:
the coupled microstrip lines between the first input port and the termination port; the coupled microstrip lines between the second input port and the output port; the quarter wavelength transmission line between the first input port and the second input port; and the quarter wavelength transmission line between the output port and the termination port. 10. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the coupled microstrip lines is configured to suppress amplitude imbalance and/or a second harmonic level of the Doherty power amplifier. 11. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the coupled microstrip lines have relatively low equivalent impedance while the quarter wavelength transmission lines have relatively high impedance. 12. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein an even mode electrical length and an odd mode electrical length of the coupled microstrip lines are equal. 13. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein an even mode impedance of the coupled microstrip lines is in a range of 100˜200 Ohm, while an odd mode impedance of the coupled microstrip lines is in a range of 20˜100 Ohm. 14. The Doherty power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the higher a value of a coupling factor of the coupled microstrip lines is, the broader an obtained bandwidth of a balanced amplitude is. 15. A device, comprising the Doherty power amplifier as claimed in claim 1. 16. The device according to claim 15, wherein the device is a terminal device or a network device in a communication system. | 3,700 |
345,180 | 16,642,998 | 3,781 | A semiconductor device with favorable electrical characteristics and reliability is provided. A first insulator is formed. A second insulator is formed over the first insulator. An island-shaped oxide is formed over the second insulator. A stacked body of a third insulator and a conductor is formed over the oxide. The resistance of the oxide is selectively reduced by forming a film containing a metal element over the oxide and the stacked body. After a fourth insulator is formed over the second insulator, the oxide, and the stacked body, an opening portion exposing the second insulator is formed in the fourth insulator. A fifth insulator is formed over the second insulator and the fourth insulator. Oxygen introduction treatment is performed on the fifth insulator. | 1. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising:
forming a first insulator; forming a second insulator over the first insulator; forming an island-shaped oxide over the second insulator; forming a stacked body of a third insulator and a conductor over the oxide; selectively reducing the resistance of the oxide by forming a film comprising a metal element over the oxide and the stacked body; after forming a fourth insulator over the second insulator, the oxide, and the stacked body, forming, in the fourth insulator, an opening portion exposing the second insulator; forming a fifth insulator over the second insulator and the fourth insulator; and performing oxygen introduction treatment on the fifth insulator. 2. The method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen introduction treatment is performed by an ion implantation method. 3. The method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen introduction treatment is performed in such a manner that a sixth insulator is deposited over the fifth insulator by a sputtering method using an oxygen gas. 4. The method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, according to claim 3, wherein the sixth insulator has a function of inhibiting diffusion of oxygen. 5. The method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, according to claim 1, wherein the first insulator has a function of inhibiting diffusion of oxygen. 6. The method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, according to claim 1, wherein the fourth insulator is formed after the film comprising the metal element is removed. 7. The method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, according to claim 1, wherein the metal element is at least one of aluminum, ruthenium, titanium, tantalum, chromium, and tungsten. | A semiconductor device with favorable electrical characteristics and reliability is provided. A first insulator is formed. A second insulator is formed over the first insulator. An island-shaped oxide is formed over the second insulator. A stacked body of a third insulator and a conductor is formed over the oxide. The resistance of the oxide is selectively reduced by forming a film containing a metal element over the oxide and the stacked body. After a fourth insulator is formed over the second insulator, the oxide, and the stacked body, an opening portion exposing the second insulator is formed in the fourth insulator. A fifth insulator is formed over the second insulator and the fourth insulator. Oxygen introduction treatment is performed on the fifth insulator.1. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising:
forming a first insulator; forming a second insulator over the first insulator; forming an island-shaped oxide over the second insulator; forming a stacked body of a third insulator and a conductor over the oxide; selectively reducing the resistance of the oxide by forming a film comprising a metal element over the oxide and the stacked body; after forming a fourth insulator over the second insulator, the oxide, and the stacked body, forming, in the fourth insulator, an opening portion exposing the second insulator; forming a fifth insulator over the second insulator and the fourth insulator; and performing oxygen introduction treatment on the fifth insulator. 2. The method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen introduction treatment is performed by an ion implantation method. 3. The method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen introduction treatment is performed in such a manner that a sixth insulator is deposited over the fifth insulator by a sputtering method using an oxygen gas. 4. The method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, according to claim 3, wherein the sixth insulator has a function of inhibiting diffusion of oxygen. 5. The method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, according to claim 1, wherein the first insulator has a function of inhibiting diffusion of oxygen. 6. The method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, according to claim 1, wherein the fourth insulator is formed after the film comprising the metal element is removed. 7. The method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, according to claim 1, wherein the metal element is at least one of aluminum, ruthenium, titanium, tantalum, chromium, and tungsten. | 3,700 |
345,181 | 16,643,081 | 3,791 | A system and a method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object comprising the steps of obtaining movement data associated with a motion of the object for a predetermined period of time; processing the movement data to obtain physiological parameters associated with the motion of the object; and determining a behavior or an activity of the object based on the obtained physiological parameters over the predetermined period of time. | 1. (canceled) 2. (canceled) 3. (canceled) 4. (canceled) 5. (canceled) 6. (canceled) 7. (canceled) 8. (canceled) 9. (canceled) 10. (canceled) 11. (canceled) 12. (canceled) 13. (canceled) 14. A system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object, comprising:
a motion detection module arranged to obtain movement data associated with a motion of the object for a predetermined period of time; and a processing module arranged to process the movement data to obtain physiological parameters associated with the motion of the object, wherein the processing module is further arranged to determine a behavior or an activity of the object based on the obtained physiological parameters over the predetermined period of time. 15. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 14, wherein the physiological parameters includes an instantaneous breathing rate of the object. 16. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 15, wherein the motion of the object includes a body movement as a result of breathing of the object. 17. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 16, wherein the motion of the object is represented as an inhale-to-exhale waveform associated with the movement data. 18. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 17, wherein the inhale-to-exhale waveform includes peaks and valleys each representing an inhalation and an exhalation respectively. 19. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 14, wherein the motion detection module comprises at least one motion sensor including at least one of an accelerometer, a multi-axis accelerometer, a gyroscope, and a multi-axis gyroscope. 20. (canceled) 21. (canceled) 22. (canceled) 23. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 19, wherein the accelerometer or the multi-axis accelerometer is arranged to sample the motion of the object with a sampling rate of at least 25 Hz. 24. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 19, wherein the accelerometer or the multi-axis accelerometer is arranged to sample the motion of the object with a resolution of at least 12-bit. 25. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 19, wherein the processing module is further arranged to process at least one source signal obtained by the at least one motion sensor associated with the detected motion to obtain the physiological parameters. 26. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 25, wherein the processing module is further arranged to filter a noise signal from the at least one source signal acquired by the motion sensor. 27. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 26, wherein the noise signal is associated with a quality index of the at least one source signal acquired by the motion sensor. 28. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 26, wherein the processing module is further arranged to consolidating source signals associated with the detected motion obtained in a plurality of axes to obtain the movement data. 29. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 14, wherein the physiological parameters further include a heart rate and/or a heart rate variability of the object. 30. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 14, further comprising an engagement means arranged to engage the motion detection module to an object or a user. 31. (canceled) 32. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 30, further comprising a communication module arranged to communicate the movement data to an external device including the processing module. 33. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 14, further comprising a storage module arranged to at least temporally store the movement data obtained by the motion detection module. 34. (canceled) 35. (canceled) 36. A method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object, comprising the steps of:
obtaining movement data associated with a motion of the object for a predetermined period of time; processing the movement data to obtain physiological parameters associated with the motion of the object; and determining a behavior or an activity of the object based on the obtained physiological parameters over the predetermined period of time. 37. The method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 36, wherein the physiological parameters includes an instantaneous breathing rate of the object. 38. The method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 37, wherein the motion of the object includes a body movement as a result of breathing of the object. 39. The method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 38, wherein the motion of the object is represented as an inhale-to-exhale waveform associated with the movement data. 40. The method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 39, wherein the inhale-to-exhale waveform includes peaks and valleys each representing an inhalation and an exhalation respectively. 41. The method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 36, further comprising the step of detecting the motion of the object using at least one motion sensor, including at least one of an accelerometer, a 3-axis accelerometer, a gyroscope and a 3-axis gyroscope. 42. The method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 41, further comprising the step of processing at least one source signal obtained by the at least one motion sensor associated with the detected motion to obtain the physiological parameters. 43. The method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 42, wherein the step of processing the at least one source signal includes filtering a noise signal from the at least one source signal acquired by the motion sensor. 44. The method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 43, wherein the noise signal is associated with a quality index of the at least one source signal acquired by the motion sensor. 45. The method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 43, further comprising the step of consolidating source signals associated with the detected motion obtained in a plurality of axes to obtain the movement data. 46. The method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 36, wherein the physiological parameters further include a heart rate and/or a heart rate variability of the object | A system and a method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object comprising the steps of obtaining movement data associated with a motion of the object for a predetermined period of time; processing the movement data to obtain physiological parameters associated with the motion of the object; and determining a behavior or an activity of the object based on the obtained physiological parameters over the predetermined period of time.1. (canceled) 2. (canceled) 3. (canceled) 4. (canceled) 5. (canceled) 6. (canceled) 7. (canceled) 8. (canceled) 9. (canceled) 10. (canceled) 11. (canceled) 12. (canceled) 13. (canceled) 14. A system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object, comprising:
a motion detection module arranged to obtain movement data associated with a motion of the object for a predetermined period of time; and a processing module arranged to process the movement data to obtain physiological parameters associated with the motion of the object, wherein the processing module is further arranged to determine a behavior or an activity of the object based on the obtained physiological parameters over the predetermined period of time. 15. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 14, wherein the physiological parameters includes an instantaneous breathing rate of the object. 16. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 15, wherein the motion of the object includes a body movement as a result of breathing of the object. 17. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 16, wherein the motion of the object is represented as an inhale-to-exhale waveform associated with the movement data. 18. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 17, wherein the inhale-to-exhale waveform includes peaks and valleys each representing an inhalation and an exhalation respectively. 19. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 14, wherein the motion detection module comprises at least one motion sensor including at least one of an accelerometer, a multi-axis accelerometer, a gyroscope, and a multi-axis gyroscope. 20. (canceled) 21. (canceled) 22. (canceled) 23. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 19, wherein the accelerometer or the multi-axis accelerometer is arranged to sample the motion of the object with a sampling rate of at least 25 Hz. 24. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 19, wherein the accelerometer or the multi-axis accelerometer is arranged to sample the motion of the object with a resolution of at least 12-bit. 25. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 19, wherein the processing module is further arranged to process at least one source signal obtained by the at least one motion sensor associated with the detected motion to obtain the physiological parameters. 26. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 25, wherein the processing module is further arranged to filter a noise signal from the at least one source signal acquired by the motion sensor. 27. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 26, wherein the noise signal is associated with a quality index of the at least one source signal acquired by the motion sensor. 28. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 26, wherein the processing module is further arranged to consolidating source signals associated with the detected motion obtained in a plurality of axes to obtain the movement data. 29. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 14, wherein the physiological parameters further include a heart rate and/or a heart rate variability of the object. 30. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 14, further comprising an engagement means arranged to engage the motion detection module to an object or a user. 31. (canceled) 32. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 30, further comprising a communication module arranged to communicate the movement data to an external device including the processing module. 33. The system for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 14, further comprising a storage module arranged to at least temporally store the movement data obtained by the motion detection module. 34. (canceled) 35. (canceled) 36. A method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object, comprising the steps of:
obtaining movement data associated with a motion of the object for a predetermined period of time; processing the movement data to obtain physiological parameters associated with the motion of the object; and determining a behavior or an activity of the object based on the obtained physiological parameters over the predetermined period of time. 37. The method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 36, wherein the physiological parameters includes an instantaneous breathing rate of the object. 38. The method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 37, wherein the motion of the object includes a body movement as a result of breathing of the object. 39. The method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 38, wherein the motion of the object is represented as an inhale-to-exhale waveform associated with the movement data. 40. The method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 39, wherein the inhale-to-exhale waveform includes peaks and valleys each representing an inhalation and an exhalation respectively. 41. The method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 36, further comprising the step of detecting the motion of the object using at least one motion sensor, including at least one of an accelerometer, a 3-axis accelerometer, a gyroscope and a 3-axis gyroscope. 42. The method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 41, further comprising the step of processing at least one source signal obtained by the at least one motion sensor associated with the detected motion to obtain the physiological parameters. 43. The method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 42, wherein the step of processing the at least one source signal includes filtering a noise signal from the at least one source signal acquired by the motion sensor. 44. The method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 43, wherein the noise signal is associated with a quality index of the at least one source signal acquired by the motion sensor. 45. The method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 43, further comprising the step of consolidating source signals associated with the detected motion obtained in a plurality of axes to obtain the movement data. 46. The method for analyzing a behavior or an activity of an object in accordance with claim 36, wherein the physiological parameters further include a heart rate and/or a heart rate variability of the object | 3,700 |
345,182 | 16,643,037 | 3,791 | The disclosure features novel methods of producing nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle (LNP) compositions employing a modifying agent after formation of a precursor nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle, the produced compositions thereof, and methods involving the nucleic acid lipid nanoparticles useful in the delivery of therapeutics and/or prophylactics, such as a nucleic acid, to mammalian cells or organs to, for example, to regulate polypeptide, protein, or gene expression. | 1. A method of producing a nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle composition, the method comprising:
mixing a lipid solution comprising an ionizable lipid with a solution comprising a nucleic acid thereby forming a precursor nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle, wherein the precursor nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle further comprises a first PEG lipid; adding a lipid nanoparticle modifier comprising a modifying agent to the precursor nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle thereby forming a modified nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle, wherein the modifying agent is a second PEG lipid being the same as the first PEG lipid, or the modifying agent is a polyethylene glycol ether (Brij); and processing the precursor nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle, the modified nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle, or both thereby forming the nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle composition. 2. (canceled) 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the precursor nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle is processed prior to the adding the lipid nanoparticle modifier. 4.-7. (canceled) 8. The method of any claim 1, wherein the precursor nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle further comprises a phospholipid and/or a structural lipid. 9.-12. (canceled) 13. The method of any claim 1, wherein a molar ratio of the first PEG lipid to the modifying agent is in a range of about 1:100 to about 1:1, about 1:50 to about 1:1, about 1:25 to about 1:1, or about 1:10 to about 1:1. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixing comprises turbulent mixing and/or microfluidic mixing. 15. The method of any claim 1, wherein the processing comprises a filtration, optionally, wherein the processing comprises a tangential flow filtration; a freezing and/or a lyophilizing; and/or packing the nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle composition. 16.-35. (canceled) 36. The method of claim 1, wherein the first PEG lipid and the second PEG lipid are selected from the group consisting of a PEG-modified phosphatidylethanolamine, a PEG-modified phosphatidic acid, a PEG-modified ceramide, a PEG-modified dialkylamine, a PEG-modified diacylglycerol, and a PEG-modified dialkylglycerol. 37. The method of claim 1, wherein the first PEG lipid and the second PEG lipid are a compound of Formula (PL-I): 38. The method of claim 1, wherein the first PEG lipid and the second PEG lipid are a compound of Formula (PL-I-OH): 39. The method of claim 1, wherein the first PEG lipid and the second PEG lipid are a compound of Formula (PL-II): 40. The method of claim 1, wherein the first PEG lipid and the second PEG lipid are a compound of Formula (PL-II-OH): 41-43. (canceled) 44. The method of claim 1, wherein the first PEG lipid and the second PEG lipid are a compound of Formula (PL-II) is: 45. The method of claim 1, wherein the first PEG lipid and the second PEG lipid are a compound of Formula (PL-II) is 46. The method of claim 1, wherein the first PEG lipid and the second PEG lipid are a compound of Formula (PL-III): 47. The method of claim 1, wherein the first PEG lipid and the second PEG lipid are a compound of following formula: 48-50. (canceled) 51. The method of claim 1, wherein the polyethylene glycol ether is a compound of Formula (S-1): 52. The method of claim 51, wherein R1BRIJ is a C18 alkyl. 53. The method of claim 1, wherein the polyethylene glycol ether is a compound of Formula (S-1a): 54. (canceled) 55. The method of claim 1, wherein the polyethylene glycol ether is a compound of Formula (S-1b): 56-94. (canceled) 95. A method of characterizing a nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle composition, comprising generating a quantitative value of an amount of the nucleic acid encapsulated in the nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle composition using an ion-exchange (IEX) chromatography assay. | The disclosure features novel methods of producing nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle (LNP) compositions employing a modifying agent after formation of a precursor nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle, the produced compositions thereof, and methods involving the nucleic acid lipid nanoparticles useful in the delivery of therapeutics and/or prophylactics, such as a nucleic acid, to mammalian cells or organs to, for example, to regulate polypeptide, protein, or gene expression.1. A method of producing a nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle composition, the method comprising:
mixing a lipid solution comprising an ionizable lipid with a solution comprising a nucleic acid thereby forming a precursor nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle, wherein the precursor nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle further comprises a first PEG lipid; adding a lipid nanoparticle modifier comprising a modifying agent to the precursor nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle thereby forming a modified nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle, wherein the modifying agent is a second PEG lipid being the same as the first PEG lipid, or the modifying agent is a polyethylene glycol ether (Brij); and processing the precursor nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle, the modified nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle, or both thereby forming the nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle composition. 2. (canceled) 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the precursor nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle is processed prior to the adding the lipid nanoparticle modifier. 4.-7. (canceled) 8. The method of any claim 1, wherein the precursor nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle further comprises a phospholipid and/or a structural lipid. 9.-12. (canceled) 13. The method of any claim 1, wherein a molar ratio of the first PEG lipid to the modifying agent is in a range of about 1:100 to about 1:1, about 1:50 to about 1:1, about 1:25 to about 1:1, or about 1:10 to about 1:1. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixing comprises turbulent mixing and/or microfluidic mixing. 15. The method of any claim 1, wherein the processing comprises a filtration, optionally, wherein the processing comprises a tangential flow filtration; a freezing and/or a lyophilizing; and/or packing the nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle composition. 16.-35. (canceled) 36. The method of claim 1, wherein the first PEG lipid and the second PEG lipid are selected from the group consisting of a PEG-modified phosphatidylethanolamine, a PEG-modified phosphatidic acid, a PEG-modified ceramide, a PEG-modified dialkylamine, a PEG-modified diacylglycerol, and a PEG-modified dialkylglycerol. 37. The method of claim 1, wherein the first PEG lipid and the second PEG lipid are a compound of Formula (PL-I): 38. The method of claim 1, wherein the first PEG lipid and the second PEG lipid are a compound of Formula (PL-I-OH): 39. The method of claim 1, wherein the first PEG lipid and the second PEG lipid are a compound of Formula (PL-II): 40. The method of claim 1, wherein the first PEG lipid and the second PEG lipid are a compound of Formula (PL-II-OH): 41-43. (canceled) 44. The method of claim 1, wherein the first PEG lipid and the second PEG lipid are a compound of Formula (PL-II) is: 45. The method of claim 1, wherein the first PEG lipid and the second PEG lipid are a compound of Formula (PL-II) is 46. The method of claim 1, wherein the first PEG lipid and the second PEG lipid are a compound of Formula (PL-III): 47. The method of claim 1, wherein the first PEG lipid and the second PEG lipid are a compound of following formula: 48-50. (canceled) 51. The method of claim 1, wherein the polyethylene glycol ether is a compound of Formula (S-1): 52. The method of claim 51, wherein R1BRIJ is a C18 alkyl. 53. The method of claim 1, wherein the polyethylene glycol ether is a compound of Formula (S-1a): 54. (canceled) 55. The method of claim 1, wherein the polyethylene glycol ether is a compound of Formula (S-1b): 56-94. (canceled) 95. A method of characterizing a nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle composition, comprising generating a quantitative value of an amount of the nucleic acid encapsulated in the nucleic acid lipid nanoparticle composition using an ion-exchange (IEX) chromatography assay. | 3,700 |
345,183 | 16,643,066 | 3,791 | A medical supporting fixing device having a yaw angle fine adjustment plate (6) and/or a tilt angle fine adjustment plate (8) interposed between a stage (2) and a supporting fixing means (4) for supporting and fixing a predetermined part of a human body. The yaw angle fine adjustment plate (6) and/or the tilt angle fine adjustment plate (8) are mounted so as to be rotatable over a predetermined angular range about required rotation center axes (22, 48). A yaw angle fine adjustment plate drive mechanism (16) and/or a tilt angle fine adjustment plate drive mechanism (54) including input members (28, 72) and transmission means (36, 38, 42, 74, 80, 82, 84, 86) are disposed with respect to the yaw angle fine adjustment plate (6) and/or the tilt angle fine adjustment plate (8). | 1. A medical supporting fixing device, comprising:
a stage; supporting fixing means for supporting and fixing a predetermined part of a human body; a yaw angle fine adjustment plate interposed between the stage and the supporting fixing means and mounted so as to be pivotable over a predetermined angular range about a pivot center axis extending perpendicularly to the stage; and a yaw angle fine adjustment plate drive mechanism including an input member for yaw angle fine adjustment disposed movably, and transmission means for yaw angle fine adjustment interposed between the input member for yaw angle fine adjustment and the yaw angle fine adjustment plate, wherein when the input member for yaw angle fine adjustment is moved, movement of the input member for yaw angle fine adjustment is transmitted to the yaw angle fine adjustment plate via the transmission means for yaw angle fine adjustment, whereby the yaw angle fine adjustment plate is pivoted about the pivot center axis. 2. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 1, wherein
at least two arcuate slots are formed in the stage; an arcuate center line of each of the arcuate slots is located on a single circle; at least two pins are disposed on a rear surface of the yaw angle fine adjustment plate in correspondence with the at least two arcuate slots; and the pins are inserted into the corresponding arcuate slots, whereby the yaw angle fine adjustment plate is mounted on the stage. 3. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 2, wherein
four of the arcuate slots are formed in the stage at intervals in a circumferential direction of the single circle; and four of the pins are disposed on the rear surface of the yaw angle fine adjustment plate in correspondence with the four arcuate slots. 4. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 1, wherein
the input member for yaw angle fine adjustment is mounted rotatably on the stage; and the transmission means for yaw angle fine adjustment includes a reduction gear train. 5. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 4, wherein
the yaw angle fine adjustment plate drive mechanism includes an indicator for indicating a rotation amount of the input member for yaw angle fine adjustment. 6. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a tilt angle fine adjustment plate interposed between the stage and the supporting fixing means and mounted so as to be pivotable over a predetermined angular range about a pivot center axis extending above the stage in a width direction of the stage; and a tilt angle fine adjustment plate drive mechanism including an input member for tilt angle fine adjustment mounted movably, and transmission means for tilt angle fine adjustment interposed between the input member for tilt angle fine adjustment and the tilt angle fine adjustment plate, wherein when the input member for tilt angle fine adjustment is moved, movement of the input member for tilt angle fine adjustment is transmitted to the tilt angle fine adjustment plate via the transmission means for tilt angle fine adjustment, whereby the tilt angle fine adjustment plate is pivoted about the pivot center axis. 7. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 6, wherein
at least two guide members are fixed onto an upper surface of the yaw angle fine adjustment plate; two guided members are fixed onto a rear surface of the tilt angle fine adjustment plate in correspondence with the two guide members; an upper surface of the guide member is a concave arcuate surface, while a lower surface of the guided member is a convex arcuate surface, and the concave arcuate surface and the convex arcuate surface are located on a single cylindrical surface; the convex arcuate surface of the guided member is brought into engagement with the concave arcuate surface of the guide member, whereby the tilt angle fine adjustment plate is mounted on the yaw angle fine adjustment plate; and the supporting fixing means is mounted on the tilt angle me adjustment plate. 8. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 7, wherein
the input member for tilt angle fine adjustment is mounted rotatably on the yaw angle fine adjustment plate; and the transmission means for tilt angle fine adjustment includes a plurality of reduction gears. 9. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 8, wherein
the tilt angle fine adjustment plate drive mechanism includes an indicator for indicating a rotation amount of the input member for tilt angle fine adjustment. 10. A medical supporting fixing device, comprising:
a stage; supporting fixing means for supporting and fixing a predetermined part of a human body; a tilt angle fine adjustment plate interposed between the stage and the supporting fixing means and mounted so as to be rotatable over a predetermined angular range about a rotation center axis extending above the stage in a width direction of the stage; and a tilt angle fine adjustment plate drive mechanism including an input member for tilt angle fine adjustment mounted movably, and transmission means for tilt angle fine adjustment interposed between the input member for tilt angle fine adjustment and the tilt angle fine adjustment plate, wherein when the input member for tilt angle fine adjustment is moved, movement of the input member for tilt angle fine adjustment is transmitted to the tilt angle fine adjustment plate via the transmission means for tilt angle fine adjustment, whereby the tilt angle fine adjustment plate is rotated about the rotation center axis. 11. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 10, wherein
at least two guide members are fixed onto an upper surface of the stage; two guided members are fixed onto a rear surface of the tilt angle fine adjustment plate in correspondence with the two guide members; an upper surface of the guide member is a concave arcuate surface, while a lower surface of the guided member is a convex arcuate surface, and the concave arcuate surface and the convex arcuate surface are located on a single cylindrical surface; and the convex arcuate surface of the guided member is brought into engagement with the concave arcuate surface of the guide member, whereby the tilt angle fine adjustment plate is mounted on the stage. 12. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 11, wherein
the input member for tilt angle fine adjustment is mounted rotatably on the stage; and the transmission means for tilt angle fine adjustment includes a reduction gear train. 13. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 12, wherein
the tilt angle fine adjustment plate drive mechanism includes an indicator for indicating a rotation amount of the input member for tilt angle fine adjustment. 14. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 10, further comprising:
a yaw angle fine adjustment plate mounted so as to be pivotable over a predetermined angular range about a pivot center axis extending perpendicularly to the tilt angle fine adjustment plate; and a yaw angle fine adjustment plate drive mechanism including an input member for yaw angle fine adjustment disposed movably, and transmission means for yaw angle fine adjustment interposed between the input member for yaw angle fine adjustment and the yaw angle fine adjustment plate, wherein at least two arcuate slots are formed in the tilt angle fine adjustment plate; an arcuate center line of each of the arcuate slots is located on a single circle; at least two pins are disposed on a rear surface of the yaw angle fine adjustment plate in correspondence with the at least two arcuate slots; and the pins are inserted into the corresponding arcuate slots, whereby the yaw angle fine adjustment plate is mounted on the tilt angle fine adjustment plate; the supporting fixing means is mounted on the yaw angle fine adjustment plate; and when the input member for yaw angle fine adjustment is moved, movement of the input member for yaw angle fine adjustment is transmitted to the yaw angle fine adjustment plate via the transmission means for yaw angle fine adjustment, whereby the yaw angle fine adjustment plate is pivoted about the pivot center axis. 15. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 14, wherein
four of the arcuate slots are formed in the tilt angle fine adjustment plate at intervals in a circumferential direction of the single circle; and four of the pins are disposed on the rear surface of the yaw angle fine adjustment plate in correspondence with the four arcuate slots. 16. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 14, wherein
the input member for yaw angle fine adjustment is mounted rotatably on the tilt angle fine adjustment plate; and the transmission means for yaw angle fine adjustment includes a reduction gear train. 17. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 16, wherein
the yaw angle fine adjustment plate drive mechanism includes an indicator for indicating a rotation amount of the input member for yaw angle fine adjustment. | A medical supporting fixing device having a yaw angle fine adjustment plate (6) and/or a tilt angle fine adjustment plate (8) interposed between a stage (2) and a supporting fixing means (4) for supporting and fixing a predetermined part of a human body. The yaw angle fine adjustment plate (6) and/or the tilt angle fine adjustment plate (8) are mounted so as to be rotatable over a predetermined angular range about required rotation center axes (22, 48). A yaw angle fine adjustment plate drive mechanism (16) and/or a tilt angle fine adjustment plate drive mechanism (54) including input members (28, 72) and transmission means (36, 38, 42, 74, 80, 82, 84, 86) are disposed with respect to the yaw angle fine adjustment plate (6) and/or the tilt angle fine adjustment plate (8).1. A medical supporting fixing device, comprising:
a stage; supporting fixing means for supporting and fixing a predetermined part of a human body; a yaw angle fine adjustment plate interposed between the stage and the supporting fixing means and mounted so as to be pivotable over a predetermined angular range about a pivot center axis extending perpendicularly to the stage; and a yaw angle fine adjustment plate drive mechanism including an input member for yaw angle fine adjustment disposed movably, and transmission means for yaw angle fine adjustment interposed between the input member for yaw angle fine adjustment and the yaw angle fine adjustment plate, wherein when the input member for yaw angle fine adjustment is moved, movement of the input member for yaw angle fine adjustment is transmitted to the yaw angle fine adjustment plate via the transmission means for yaw angle fine adjustment, whereby the yaw angle fine adjustment plate is pivoted about the pivot center axis. 2. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 1, wherein
at least two arcuate slots are formed in the stage; an arcuate center line of each of the arcuate slots is located on a single circle; at least two pins are disposed on a rear surface of the yaw angle fine adjustment plate in correspondence with the at least two arcuate slots; and the pins are inserted into the corresponding arcuate slots, whereby the yaw angle fine adjustment plate is mounted on the stage. 3. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 2, wherein
four of the arcuate slots are formed in the stage at intervals in a circumferential direction of the single circle; and four of the pins are disposed on the rear surface of the yaw angle fine adjustment plate in correspondence with the four arcuate slots. 4. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 1, wherein
the input member for yaw angle fine adjustment is mounted rotatably on the stage; and the transmission means for yaw angle fine adjustment includes a reduction gear train. 5. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 4, wherein
the yaw angle fine adjustment plate drive mechanism includes an indicator for indicating a rotation amount of the input member for yaw angle fine adjustment. 6. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a tilt angle fine adjustment plate interposed between the stage and the supporting fixing means and mounted so as to be pivotable over a predetermined angular range about a pivot center axis extending above the stage in a width direction of the stage; and a tilt angle fine adjustment plate drive mechanism including an input member for tilt angle fine adjustment mounted movably, and transmission means for tilt angle fine adjustment interposed between the input member for tilt angle fine adjustment and the tilt angle fine adjustment plate, wherein when the input member for tilt angle fine adjustment is moved, movement of the input member for tilt angle fine adjustment is transmitted to the tilt angle fine adjustment plate via the transmission means for tilt angle fine adjustment, whereby the tilt angle fine adjustment plate is pivoted about the pivot center axis. 7. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 6, wherein
at least two guide members are fixed onto an upper surface of the yaw angle fine adjustment plate; two guided members are fixed onto a rear surface of the tilt angle fine adjustment plate in correspondence with the two guide members; an upper surface of the guide member is a concave arcuate surface, while a lower surface of the guided member is a convex arcuate surface, and the concave arcuate surface and the convex arcuate surface are located on a single cylindrical surface; the convex arcuate surface of the guided member is brought into engagement with the concave arcuate surface of the guide member, whereby the tilt angle fine adjustment plate is mounted on the yaw angle fine adjustment plate; and the supporting fixing means is mounted on the tilt angle me adjustment plate. 8. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 7, wherein
the input member for tilt angle fine adjustment is mounted rotatably on the yaw angle fine adjustment plate; and the transmission means for tilt angle fine adjustment includes a plurality of reduction gears. 9. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 8, wherein
the tilt angle fine adjustment plate drive mechanism includes an indicator for indicating a rotation amount of the input member for tilt angle fine adjustment. 10. A medical supporting fixing device, comprising:
a stage; supporting fixing means for supporting and fixing a predetermined part of a human body; a tilt angle fine adjustment plate interposed between the stage and the supporting fixing means and mounted so as to be rotatable over a predetermined angular range about a rotation center axis extending above the stage in a width direction of the stage; and a tilt angle fine adjustment plate drive mechanism including an input member for tilt angle fine adjustment mounted movably, and transmission means for tilt angle fine adjustment interposed between the input member for tilt angle fine adjustment and the tilt angle fine adjustment plate, wherein when the input member for tilt angle fine adjustment is moved, movement of the input member for tilt angle fine adjustment is transmitted to the tilt angle fine adjustment plate via the transmission means for tilt angle fine adjustment, whereby the tilt angle fine adjustment plate is rotated about the rotation center axis. 11. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 10, wherein
at least two guide members are fixed onto an upper surface of the stage; two guided members are fixed onto a rear surface of the tilt angle fine adjustment plate in correspondence with the two guide members; an upper surface of the guide member is a concave arcuate surface, while a lower surface of the guided member is a convex arcuate surface, and the concave arcuate surface and the convex arcuate surface are located on a single cylindrical surface; and the convex arcuate surface of the guided member is brought into engagement with the concave arcuate surface of the guide member, whereby the tilt angle fine adjustment plate is mounted on the stage. 12. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 11, wherein
the input member for tilt angle fine adjustment is mounted rotatably on the stage; and the transmission means for tilt angle fine adjustment includes a reduction gear train. 13. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 12, wherein
the tilt angle fine adjustment plate drive mechanism includes an indicator for indicating a rotation amount of the input member for tilt angle fine adjustment. 14. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 10, further comprising:
a yaw angle fine adjustment plate mounted so as to be pivotable over a predetermined angular range about a pivot center axis extending perpendicularly to the tilt angle fine adjustment plate; and a yaw angle fine adjustment plate drive mechanism including an input member for yaw angle fine adjustment disposed movably, and transmission means for yaw angle fine adjustment interposed between the input member for yaw angle fine adjustment and the yaw angle fine adjustment plate, wherein at least two arcuate slots are formed in the tilt angle fine adjustment plate; an arcuate center line of each of the arcuate slots is located on a single circle; at least two pins are disposed on a rear surface of the yaw angle fine adjustment plate in correspondence with the at least two arcuate slots; and the pins are inserted into the corresponding arcuate slots, whereby the yaw angle fine adjustment plate is mounted on the tilt angle fine adjustment plate; the supporting fixing means is mounted on the yaw angle fine adjustment plate; and when the input member for yaw angle fine adjustment is moved, movement of the input member for yaw angle fine adjustment is transmitted to the yaw angle fine adjustment plate via the transmission means for yaw angle fine adjustment, whereby the yaw angle fine adjustment plate is pivoted about the pivot center axis. 15. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 14, wherein
four of the arcuate slots are formed in the tilt angle fine adjustment plate at intervals in a circumferential direction of the single circle; and four of the pins are disposed on the rear surface of the yaw angle fine adjustment plate in correspondence with the four arcuate slots. 16. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 14, wherein
the input member for yaw angle fine adjustment is mounted rotatably on the tilt angle fine adjustment plate; and the transmission means for yaw angle fine adjustment includes a reduction gear train. 17. The medical supporting fixing device according to claim 16, wherein
the yaw angle fine adjustment plate drive mechanism includes an indicator for indicating a rotation amount of the input member for yaw angle fine adjustment. | 3,700 |
345,184 | 16,643,111 | 1,652 | Provided herein are methods for hierarchical genome assembly using nuclease-assisted homologous recombination, which enable scarless and iterative replacement of wild-type DNA with large (e.g., at least 50 kilobases (kb)) synthetic DNA segments at desired genomic loci. | 1. A method, comprising:
(a) introducing into a parental cell a donor DNA segment flanked by first homology sequences, wherein the parental cell comprises (i) a selectable marker gene integrated genomically and flanked by second homology sequences homologous to the first homology sequences, and (ii) an inducible recombineering system; (b) introducing into the parental cell sequence-specific nuclease or a nucleic acid encoding a sequence-specific nuclease targeting the selectable marker gene; and (c) inducing expression of the inducible recombineering system. 2. A method, comprising:
(a) introducing into a parental cell a donor DNA segment flanked by first homology sequences, wherein the parental cell comprises (i) a selectable marker gene integrated genomically and flanked by second homology sequences homologous to the first homology sequences, and (ii) an inducible recombineering system; (b) introducing into the parental cell (i) a RNA-guided nuclease or a nucleic acid encoding a RNA-guided nuclease and (ii) at least one nucleic acid encoding at least one guide RNA (gRNA) targeting the selectable marker gene; and (c) inducing expression of the inducible recombineering system. 3. The method of claim 1 or 2 further comprising assaying the parental cell for the presence of the nuclease. 4. The method of any one of claims 1-3, wherein step (c) is performed before step (b). 5. The method of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the donor DNA segment has a length of at least 50 kilobases. 6. The method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the donor DNA segment is a modified genomic segment homologous to a DNA segment of the parental cell that has been replaced by the selectable marker gene. 7. The method of any one of claims 1-6, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of greater than 50 nucleotide base pairs. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of at least 100 nucleotide base pairs. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of at least 250 nucleotide base pairs. 10. The method of any one of claims 1-9, wherein the selectable marker gene is an antibiotic resistance gene. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the antibiotic resistance gene confers resistance to phleomycin D1 (ZEOCIN™), kanamycin, spectinomycin, streptomycin, ampicillin, carbenicillin, bleomycin, erythromycin, polymyxin B, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the antibiotic resistance gene confers resistance to phleomycin D1 (ZEOCIN™). 13. The method of any one of claim 1 or 4-12, wherein the sequence specific nuclease is a restriction endonuclease. 14. The method of any one of claim 1 or 4-12, wherein the sequence specific nuclease is a programmable nuclease. 15. The method of any one of claims 2-12, wherein the RNA-guided nuclease is selected from Cas9 nuclease and Cpf1 nuclease. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the RNA-guided nuclease is Cas9 nuclease. 17. The method of any one of claims 1-16, wherein the inducible recombineering system is selected from an inducible recombineering system encoding Gam, Exo and Beta proteins and an inducible recombineering system encoding RecE and RecT proteins. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the inducible recombineering system is an inducible recombineering system encoding Gam, Exo and Beta proteins. 19. The method of any one of claims 1-18, wherein the inducible recombineering system is integrated genomically in the parental cell. 20. The method of any one of claims 2-19 further comprising introducing into the parental cell at least one nucleic acid encoding at least one gRNA targeting the at least one nucleic acid of (b)(ii). 21. The method of any one of claims 2-20, wherein step (b)(ii) comprises introducing into the parental cell at least one nucleic acid encoding at least two gRNAs, each targeting a different region of the selectable marker gene, or introducing into the parental cell at least two nucleic acids, each encoding a gRNA that targets a different region of the selectable marker gene. 22. The method of any one of claims 1-21 further comprising repeating steps (a)-(c) using a DNA segment having a sequence that is different from the DNA segment of step (a). 23. The method of claim 22 further comprising repeating steps (a)-(c) multiple times, each time using a DNA segment having a sequence that is different from any other DNA segment introduced into the parental cell. 24. The method of any one of claims 1-23 further comprising, prior to step (a):
introducing into the parental cell the selectable marker gene flanked by homology sequences homologous to sequences flanking a genomic locus of interest; and/or
introducing into the parental cell the inducible recombineering system. 25. The method of any one of claims 1-24, wherein the parental cell of comprises at least two selectable marker genes integrated genomically and each flanked by homology sequences. 26. The method of claim 25 further comprising introducing into the parental cell at least two donor DNA segments, each flanked by homology sequences, wherein each homology sequence of a donor DNA segment is homologous to a homology sequence of one of the at least two selectable marker genes. 27. A method, comprising:
(a) introducing into a parental cell a donor DNA segment flanked by first homology sequences, wherein the parental cell comprises (i) a selectable marker gene integrated genomically and flanked by second homology sequences homologous to the first homology sequences, (ii) an inducible recombineering system, and (iii) a nucleic acid encoding a sequence-specific nuclease; and (c) inducing expression of the inducible recombineering system. 28. A method, comprising:
(a) introducing into a parental cell a donor DNA segment flanked by first homology sequences, wherein the parental cell comprises (i) a selectable marker gene integrated genomically and flanked by second homology sequences homologous to the first homology sequences, (ii) an inducible recombineering system, and (iii) a nucleic acid encoding a RNA-guided nuclease; (b) introducing into the parental cell a nucleic acid encoding a guide RNA (gRNA) targeting the selectable marker gene; and (c) inducing expression of the inducible recombineering system. 29. The method of claim 27 or 28 further comprising assaying the parental cell for the presence of the nuclease. 30. The method of claim 28 or 29, wherein step (c) is performed before step (b). 31. The method of any one of claims 27-30, wherein the donor DNA segment has a length of at least 50 kilobases. 32. The method of any one of claims 27-31, wherein the donor DNA segment is a modified genomic segment homologous to a DNA segment of the parental cell that has been replaced by the selectable marker gene. 33. The method of any one of claims 27-32, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of greater than 50 nucleotide base pairs. 34. The method of claim 33, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of at least 100 nucleotide base pairs. 35. The method of claim 34, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of at least 250 nucleotide base pairs. 36. The method of any one of claims 27-35, wherein the selectable marker gene is an antibiotic resistance gene. 37. The method of claim 35, wherein the antibiotic resistance gene confers resistance to phleomycin D1 (ZEOCIN™), kanamycin, spectinomycin, streptomycin, ampicillin, carbenicillin, bleomycin, erythromycin, polymyxin B, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. 38. The method of claim 37, wherein the antibiotic resistance gene confers resistance to phleomycin D1 (ZEOCIN™). 39. The method of any one of claim 27 or 30-38, wherein the sequence specific nuclease is a restriction endonuclease. 40. The method of any one of claim 27 or 30-38, wherein the sequence specific nuclease is a programmable nuclease. 41. The method of any one of claims 28-38, wherein the nucleic acid encoding the RNA-guided nuclease is integrated genomically in the parental cell. 42. The method of claim 41, wherein expression of the nucleic acid encoding the RNA-guided nuclease is inducible. 43. The method of claim 42 wherein the nucleic acid encoding the RNA-guided nuclease is operably linked to an inducible promoter. 44. The method of any one of claims 28-43, wherein the RNA-guided nuclease is selected from Cas9 nuclease and Cpf1 nuclease. 45. The method of claim 44, wherein the RNA-guided nuclease is Cas9 nuclease. 46. The method of any one of claims 27-45, wherein the inducible recombineering system is selected from an inducible recombineering system encoding Gam, Exo and Beta proteins and an inducible recombineering system encoding RecE and RecT proteins. 47. The method of claim 46, wherein the inducible recombineering system is an inducible recombineering system encoding Gam, Exo and Beta proteins. 48. The method of any one of claims 27-47, wherein the inducible recombineering system is integrated genomically in the parental cell. 49. The method of any one of claims 28-48 further comprising introducing into the parental cell at least one nucleic acid encoding at least one gRNA targeting the at least one nucleic acid of (b). 50. The method of any one of claims 28-49, wherein step (b)(ii) comprises introducing into the parental cell at least one nucleic acid encoding at least two gRNAs, each targeting a different region of the selectable marker gene, or introducing into the parental cell at least two nucleic acids, each encoding a gRNA that targets a different region of the selectable marker gene. 51. The method of any one of claims 27-50 further comprising repeating steps (a)-(c) using a DNA segment having a sequence that is different from the DNA segment of step (a). 52. The method of claim 51 further comprising repeating steps (a)-(c) multiple times, each time using a DNA segment having a sequence that is different from any other DNA segment introduced into the parental cell. 53. The method of any one of claims 27-52 further comprising, prior to step (a):
introducing into the parental cell the selectable marker gene flanked by homology sequences homologous to sequences flanking a genomic locus of interest; and/or
introducing into the parental cell the inducible recombineering system. 54. The method of any one of claims 27-53, wherein the parental cell of comprises at least two selectable marker genes integrated genomically and each flanked by homology sequences. 55. The method of claim 54 further comprising introducing into the parental cell at least two donor DNA segments, each flanked by homology sequences, wherein each homology sequence of a donor DNA segment is homologous to a homology sequence of one of the at least two selectable marker genes. 56. An engineered cell comprising
(a) a selectable marker gene genomically integrated and flanked by homology sequences; (b) an inducible recombineering system; (c) a RNA-guided nuclease or a nucleic acid encoding a RNA-guided nuclease; and (d) a nucleic acid encoding at least one guide RNA (gRNA) targeting the selectable marker gene. 57. The engineered cell of claim 56, further comprising a donor DNA segment flanked by homology sequences homologous to the homology sequences of (a). 58. The engineered cell of claim 57, wherein the donor DNA segment has a length of at least 50 kilobases. 59. The engineered cell of any one of claims 56-58, wherein the donor DNA segment is a modified genomic segment homologous to a DNA segment of the engineered cell that has been replaced by the selectable marker gene. 60. The engineered cell of any one of claims 56-59, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of greater than 50 nucleotide base pairs. 61. The engineered cell of claim 60, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of at least 100 nucleotide base pairs. 62. The engineered cell of claim 61, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of at least 250 nucleotide base pairs. 63. The engineered cell of any one of claims 56-62, wherein the selectable marker gene is an antibiotic resistance gene. 64. The engineered cell of claim 63, wherein the antibiotic resistance gene confers resistance to phleomycin D1 (ZEOCIN™), kanamycin, spectinomycin, streptomycin, ampicillin, carbenicillin, bleomycin, erythromycin, polymyxin C, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. 65. The engineered cell of claim 64, wherein the antibiotic resistance gene confers resistance to phleomycin D1 (ZEOCIN™). 66. The engineered cell of any one of claims 56-65, wherein the nucleic acid encoding the RNA-guided nuclease is integrated genomically in the engineered cell. 67. The engineered cell of claim 66, wherein expression of the nucleic acid encoding the RNA-guided nuclease is inducible. 68. The engineered cell of claim 67 wherein the nucleic acid encoding the RNA-guided nuclease is operably linked to an inducible promoter. 69. The engineered cell of any one of claims 56-68, wherein the RNA-guided nuclease is selected from Cas9 nuclease and Cpf1 nuclease. 70. The engineered cell of claim 69, wherein the RNA-guided nuclease is Cas9 nuclease. 71. The engineered cell of any one of claims 56-70, wherein the inducible recombineering system is selected from an inducible recombineering system encoding Gam, Exo and Beta proteins and an inducible recombineering system encoding RecE and RecT proteins. 72. The engineered cell of claim 71, wherein the inducible recombineering system is an inducible recombineering system encoding Gam, Exo and Beta proteins. 73. The engineered cell of any one of claims 56-72, wherein the inducible recombineering system is integrated genomically in the engineered cell. 74. The engineered cell of any one of claims 56-73, wherein the engineered cell of comprises at least two selectable marker genes integrated genomically and each flanked by homology sequences. 75. The engineered cell of claim 74 further comprising at least two donor DNA segments, each flanked by homology sequences, wherein each homology sequence of a donor DNA segment is homologous to a homology sequence of one of the at least two selectable marker genes. 76. A kit comprising:
(a) a vector comprising a selectable marker gene flanked by multiple cloning sites, or flanked by homology sequences homologous to sequences flanking a genomic locus of interest; (b) a vector comprising an inducible recombineering system; and (c) a vector comprising a nucleic acid encoding a RNA-guided nuclease and a guide RNA (gRNA) targeting the selectable marker gene. 77. A kit comprising:
(a) a vector comprising a selectable marker gene flanked by multiple cloning sites, or flanked by homology sequences homologous to sequences flanking a genomic locus of interest; (b) a vector comprising an inducible recombineering system; (c) a RNA-guided nuclease; and (d) a vector comprising a nucleic acid encoding a guide RNA (gRNA) targeting the selectable marker gene. 78. The kit of claim 76, further comprising a donor DNA segment flanked by homology sequences homologous to the homology sequences of (a). 79. The kit of claim 78, wherein the donor DNA segment has a length of at least 50 kilobases. 80. The kit of claim 78 or 79, wherein the donor DNA segment is a modified genomic segment homologous to a DNA segment of the kit that has been replaced by the selectable marker gene. 81. The kit of any one of claims 76-80, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of greater than 50 nucleotide base pairs. 82. The kit of claim 81, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of at least 100 nucleotide base pairs. 83. The kit of claim 81, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of at least 250 nucleotide base pairs. 84. The kit of any one of claims 76-83, wherein the selectable marker gene is an antibiotic resistance gene. 85. The kit of claim 84, wherein the antibiotic resistance gene confers resistance to phleomycin D1 (ZEOCIN™), kanamycin, spectinomycin, streptomycin, ampicillin, carbenicillin, bleomycin, erythromycin, polymyxin D, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. 86. The kit of claim 85, wherein the antibiotic resistance gene confers resistance to phleomycin D1 (ZEOCIN™). 87. The kit of any one of claims 76-86, wherein the nucleic acid encoding the RNA-guided nuclease is operably linked to an inducible promoter. 88. The kit of any one of claims 76-87, wherein the RNA-guided nuclease is selected from Cas9 nuclease and Cpf1 nuclease. 89. The kit of claim 88, wherein the RNA-guided nuclease is Cas9 nuclease. 90. The kit of any one of claims 76-89, wherein the inducible recombineering system is selected from an inducible recombineering system encoding Gam, Exo and Beta proteins and an inducible recombineering system encoding RecE and RecT proteins. 91. The kit of claim 90, wherein the inducible recombineering system is an inducible recombineering system encoding Gam, Exo and Beta proteins. 92. The kit of any one of claims 76-91 further comprising transformation reagents. 93. The kit of any one of claims 76-92, wherein the vector of (a), (b), (c) and/or (d) is a plasmid. 94. The kit of claim 93, wherein the plasmid is a conjugative plasmid. | Provided herein are methods for hierarchical genome assembly using nuclease-assisted homologous recombination, which enable scarless and iterative replacement of wild-type DNA with large (e.g., at least 50 kilobases (kb)) synthetic DNA segments at desired genomic loci.1. A method, comprising:
(a) introducing into a parental cell a donor DNA segment flanked by first homology sequences, wherein the parental cell comprises (i) a selectable marker gene integrated genomically and flanked by second homology sequences homologous to the first homology sequences, and (ii) an inducible recombineering system; (b) introducing into the parental cell sequence-specific nuclease or a nucleic acid encoding a sequence-specific nuclease targeting the selectable marker gene; and (c) inducing expression of the inducible recombineering system. 2. A method, comprising:
(a) introducing into a parental cell a donor DNA segment flanked by first homology sequences, wherein the parental cell comprises (i) a selectable marker gene integrated genomically and flanked by second homology sequences homologous to the first homology sequences, and (ii) an inducible recombineering system; (b) introducing into the parental cell (i) a RNA-guided nuclease or a nucleic acid encoding a RNA-guided nuclease and (ii) at least one nucleic acid encoding at least one guide RNA (gRNA) targeting the selectable marker gene; and (c) inducing expression of the inducible recombineering system. 3. The method of claim 1 or 2 further comprising assaying the parental cell for the presence of the nuclease. 4. The method of any one of claims 1-3, wherein step (c) is performed before step (b). 5. The method of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the donor DNA segment has a length of at least 50 kilobases. 6. The method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the donor DNA segment is a modified genomic segment homologous to a DNA segment of the parental cell that has been replaced by the selectable marker gene. 7. The method of any one of claims 1-6, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of greater than 50 nucleotide base pairs. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of at least 100 nucleotide base pairs. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of at least 250 nucleotide base pairs. 10. The method of any one of claims 1-9, wherein the selectable marker gene is an antibiotic resistance gene. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein the antibiotic resistance gene confers resistance to phleomycin D1 (ZEOCIN™), kanamycin, spectinomycin, streptomycin, ampicillin, carbenicillin, bleomycin, erythromycin, polymyxin B, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the antibiotic resistance gene confers resistance to phleomycin D1 (ZEOCIN™). 13. The method of any one of claim 1 or 4-12, wherein the sequence specific nuclease is a restriction endonuclease. 14. The method of any one of claim 1 or 4-12, wherein the sequence specific nuclease is a programmable nuclease. 15. The method of any one of claims 2-12, wherein the RNA-guided nuclease is selected from Cas9 nuclease and Cpf1 nuclease. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the RNA-guided nuclease is Cas9 nuclease. 17. The method of any one of claims 1-16, wherein the inducible recombineering system is selected from an inducible recombineering system encoding Gam, Exo and Beta proteins and an inducible recombineering system encoding RecE and RecT proteins. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the inducible recombineering system is an inducible recombineering system encoding Gam, Exo and Beta proteins. 19. The method of any one of claims 1-18, wherein the inducible recombineering system is integrated genomically in the parental cell. 20. The method of any one of claims 2-19 further comprising introducing into the parental cell at least one nucleic acid encoding at least one gRNA targeting the at least one nucleic acid of (b)(ii). 21. The method of any one of claims 2-20, wherein step (b)(ii) comprises introducing into the parental cell at least one nucleic acid encoding at least two gRNAs, each targeting a different region of the selectable marker gene, or introducing into the parental cell at least two nucleic acids, each encoding a gRNA that targets a different region of the selectable marker gene. 22. The method of any one of claims 1-21 further comprising repeating steps (a)-(c) using a DNA segment having a sequence that is different from the DNA segment of step (a). 23. The method of claim 22 further comprising repeating steps (a)-(c) multiple times, each time using a DNA segment having a sequence that is different from any other DNA segment introduced into the parental cell. 24. The method of any one of claims 1-23 further comprising, prior to step (a):
introducing into the parental cell the selectable marker gene flanked by homology sequences homologous to sequences flanking a genomic locus of interest; and/or
introducing into the parental cell the inducible recombineering system. 25. The method of any one of claims 1-24, wherein the parental cell of comprises at least two selectable marker genes integrated genomically and each flanked by homology sequences. 26. The method of claim 25 further comprising introducing into the parental cell at least two donor DNA segments, each flanked by homology sequences, wherein each homology sequence of a donor DNA segment is homologous to a homology sequence of one of the at least two selectable marker genes. 27. A method, comprising:
(a) introducing into a parental cell a donor DNA segment flanked by first homology sequences, wherein the parental cell comprises (i) a selectable marker gene integrated genomically and flanked by second homology sequences homologous to the first homology sequences, (ii) an inducible recombineering system, and (iii) a nucleic acid encoding a sequence-specific nuclease; and (c) inducing expression of the inducible recombineering system. 28. A method, comprising:
(a) introducing into a parental cell a donor DNA segment flanked by first homology sequences, wherein the parental cell comprises (i) a selectable marker gene integrated genomically and flanked by second homology sequences homologous to the first homology sequences, (ii) an inducible recombineering system, and (iii) a nucleic acid encoding a RNA-guided nuclease; (b) introducing into the parental cell a nucleic acid encoding a guide RNA (gRNA) targeting the selectable marker gene; and (c) inducing expression of the inducible recombineering system. 29. The method of claim 27 or 28 further comprising assaying the parental cell for the presence of the nuclease. 30. The method of claim 28 or 29, wherein step (c) is performed before step (b). 31. The method of any one of claims 27-30, wherein the donor DNA segment has a length of at least 50 kilobases. 32. The method of any one of claims 27-31, wherein the donor DNA segment is a modified genomic segment homologous to a DNA segment of the parental cell that has been replaced by the selectable marker gene. 33. The method of any one of claims 27-32, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of greater than 50 nucleotide base pairs. 34. The method of claim 33, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of at least 100 nucleotide base pairs. 35. The method of claim 34, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of at least 250 nucleotide base pairs. 36. The method of any one of claims 27-35, wherein the selectable marker gene is an antibiotic resistance gene. 37. The method of claim 35, wherein the antibiotic resistance gene confers resistance to phleomycin D1 (ZEOCIN™), kanamycin, spectinomycin, streptomycin, ampicillin, carbenicillin, bleomycin, erythromycin, polymyxin B, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. 38. The method of claim 37, wherein the antibiotic resistance gene confers resistance to phleomycin D1 (ZEOCIN™). 39. The method of any one of claim 27 or 30-38, wherein the sequence specific nuclease is a restriction endonuclease. 40. The method of any one of claim 27 or 30-38, wherein the sequence specific nuclease is a programmable nuclease. 41. The method of any one of claims 28-38, wherein the nucleic acid encoding the RNA-guided nuclease is integrated genomically in the parental cell. 42. The method of claim 41, wherein expression of the nucleic acid encoding the RNA-guided nuclease is inducible. 43. The method of claim 42 wherein the nucleic acid encoding the RNA-guided nuclease is operably linked to an inducible promoter. 44. The method of any one of claims 28-43, wherein the RNA-guided nuclease is selected from Cas9 nuclease and Cpf1 nuclease. 45. The method of claim 44, wherein the RNA-guided nuclease is Cas9 nuclease. 46. The method of any one of claims 27-45, wherein the inducible recombineering system is selected from an inducible recombineering system encoding Gam, Exo and Beta proteins and an inducible recombineering system encoding RecE and RecT proteins. 47. The method of claim 46, wherein the inducible recombineering system is an inducible recombineering system encoding Gam, Exo and Beta proteins. 48. The method of any one of claims 27-47, wherein the inducible recombineering system is integrated genomically in the parental cell. 49. The method of any one of claims 28-48 further comprising introducing into the parental cell at least one nucleic acid encoding at least one gRNA targeting the at least one nucleic acid of (b). 50. The method of any one of claims 28-49, wherein step (b)(ii) comprises introducing into the parental cell at least one nucleic acid encoding at least two gRNAs, each targeting a different region of the selectable marker gene, or introducing into the parental cell at least two nucleic acids, each encoding a gRNA that targets a different region of the selectable marker gene. 51. The method of any one of claims 27-50 further comprising repeating steps (a)-(c) using a DNA segment having a sequence that is different from the DNA segment of step (a). 52. The method of claim 51 further comprising repeating steps (a)-(c) multiple times, each time using a DNA segment having a sequence that is different from any other DNA segment introduced into the parental cell. 53. The method of any one of claims 27-52 further comprising, prior to step (a):
introducing into the parental cell the selectable marker gene flanked by homology sequences homologous to sequences flanking a genomic locus of interest; and/or
introducing into the parental cell the inducible recombineering system. 54. The method of any one of claims 27-53, wherein the parental cell of comprises at least two selectable marker genes integrated genomically and each flanked by homology sequences. 55. The method of claim 54 further comprising introducing into the parental cell at least two donor DNA segments, each flanked by homology sequences, wherein each homology sequence of a donor DNA segment is homologous to a homology sequence of one of the at least two selectable marker genes. 56. An engineered cell comprising
(a) a selectable marker gene genomically integrated and flanked by homology sequences; (b) an inducible recombineering system; (c) a RNA-guided nuclease or a nucleic acid encoding a RNA-guided nuclease; and (d) a nucleic acid encoding at least one guide RNA (gRNA) targeting the selectable marker gene. 57. The engineered cell of claim 56, further comprising a donor DNA segment flanked by homology sequences homologous to the homology sequences of (a). 58. The engineered cell of claim 57, wherein the donor DNA segment has a length of at least 50 kilobases. 59. The engineered cell of any one of claims 56-58, wherein the donor DNA segment is a modified genomic segment homologous to a DNA segment of the engineered cell that has been replaced by the selectable marker gene. 60. The engineered cell of any one of claims 56-59, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of greater than 50 nucleotide base pairs. 61. The engineered cell of claim 60, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of at least 100 nucleotide base pairs. 62. The engineered cell of claim 61, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of at least 250 nucleotide base pairs. 63. The engineered cell of any one of claims 56-62, wherein the selectable marker gene is an antibiotic resistance gene. 64. The engineered cell of claim 63, wherein the antibiotic resistance gene confers resistance to phleomycin D1 (ZEOCIN™), kanamycin, spectinomycin, streptomycin, ampicillin, carbenicillin, bleomycin, erythromycin, polymyxin C, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. 65. The engineered cell of claim 64, wherein the antibiotic resistance gene confers resistance to phleomycin D1 (ZEOCIN™). 66. The engineered cell of any one of claims 56-65, wherein the nucleic acid encoding the RNA-guided nuclease is integrated genomically in the engineered cell. 67. The engineered cell of claim 66, wherein expression of the nucleic acid encoding the RNA-guided nuclease is inducible. 68. The engineered cell of claim 67 wherein the nucleic acid encoding the RNA-guided nuclease is operably linked to an inducible promoter. 69. The engineered cell of any one of claims 56-68, wherein the RNA-guided nuclease is selected from Cas9 nuclease and Cpf1 nuclease. 70. The engineered cell of claim 69, wherein the RNA-guided nuclease is Cas9 nuclease. 71. The engineered cell of any one of claims 56-70, wherein the inducible recombineering system is selected from an inducible recombineering system encoding Gam, Exo and Beta proteins and an inducible recombineering system encoding RecE and RecT proteins. 72. The engineered cell of claim 71, wherein the inducible recombineering system is an inducible recombineering system encoding Gam, Exo and Beta proteins. 73. The engineered cell of any one of claims 56-72, wherein the inducible recombineering system is integrated genomically in the engineered cell. 74. The engineered cell of any one of claims 56-73, wherein the engineered cell of comprises at least two selectable marker genes integrated genomically and each flanked by homology sequences. 75. The engineered cell of claim 74 further comprising at least two donor DNA segments, each flanked by homology sequences, wherein each homology sequence of a donor DNA segment is homologous to a homology sequence of one of the at least two selectable marker genes. 76. A kit comprising:
(a) a vector comprising a selectable marker gene flanked by multiple cloning sites, or flanked by homology sequences homologous to sequences flanking a genomic locus of interest; (b) a vector comprising an inducible recombineering system; and (c) a vector comprising a nucleic acid encoding a RNA-guided nuclease and a guide RNA (gRNA) targeting the selectable marker gene. 77. A kit comprising:
(a) a vector comprising a selectable marker gene flanked by multiple cloning sites, or flanked by homology sequences homologous to sequences flanking a genomic locus of interest; (b) a vector comprising an inducible recombineering system; (c) a RNA-guided nuclease; and (d) a vector comprising a nucleic acid encoding a guide RNA (gRNA) targeting the selectable marker gene. 78. The kit of claim 76, further comprising a donor DNA segment flanked by homology sequences homologous to the homology sequences of (a). 79. The kit of claim 78, wherein the donor DNA segment has a length of at least 50 kilobases. 80. The kit of claim 78 or 79, wherein the donor DNA segment is a modified genomic segment homologous to a DNA segment of the kit that has been replaced by the selectable marker gene. 81. The kit of any one of claims 76-80, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of greater than 50 nucleotide base pairs. 82. The kit of claim 81, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of at least 100 nucleotide base pairs. 83. The kit of claim 81, wherein each of the homology sequences has a length of at least 250 nucleotide base pairs. 84. The kit of any one of claims 76-83, wherein the selectable marker gene is an antibiotic resistance gene. 85. The kit of claim 84, wherein the antibiotic resistance gene confers resistance to phleomycin D1 (ZEOCIN™), kanamycin, spectinomycin, streptomycin, ampicillin, carbenicillin, bleomycin, erythromycin, polymyxin D, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. 86. The kit of claim 85, wherein the antibiotic resistance gene confers resistance to phleomycin D1 (ZEOCIN™). 87. The kit of any one of claims 76-86, wherein the nucleic acid encoding the RNA-guided nuclease is operably linked to an inducible promoter. 88. The kit of any one of claims 76-87, wherein the RNA-guided nuclease is selected from Cas9 nuclease and Cpf1 nuclease. 89. The kit of claim 88, wherein the RNA-guided nuclease is Cas9 nuclease. 90. The kit of any one of claims 76-89, wherein the inducible recombineering system is selected from an inducible recombineering system encoding Gam, Exo and Beta proteins and an inducible recombineering system encoding RecE and RecT proteins. 91. The kit of claim 90, wherein the inducible recombineering system is an inducible recombineering system encoding Gam, Exo and Beta proteins. 92. The kit of any one of claims 76-91 further comprising transformation reagents. 93. The kit of any one of claims 76-92, wherein the vector of (a), (b), (c) and/or (d) is a plasmid. 94. The kit of claim 93, wherein the plasmid is a conjugative plasmid. | 1,600 |
345,185 | 16,643,103 | 1,652 | Processes and equipment for purification of a sour hydrocarbon mixture or a gas mixture including hydrocarbons and sour gas, at least including the steps of directing the gas mixture to contact an absorbent liquid having affinity for sour gas, providing a purified off-gas mixture, directing the purified off-gas mixture to contact a liquid hydrocarbon mixture, providing an enriched liquid hydrocarbon mixture, with the associated benefit of such a process having a high recovery of hydrocarbons from the gas mixture to the enriched liquid hydrocarbon mixture, while being efficient in removing hydrogen sulfide from the gas mixture. The gas mixture to be purified may either be a natural gas, a fuel gas or an intermediate gas stream, e.g. from naphtha, kerosene, diesel or condensate hydrotreatment or hydrocracking, and it may also include further constituents, typically hydrogen. | 1. A process for purification of a sour hydrocarbon mixture, comprising the steps of
a. directing said sour hydrocarbon mixture to a means of separation, optionally a stripper, providing a liquid hydrocarbon fraction and a gas mixture, b. directing the gas mixture to contact an absorbent liquid having affinity for sour gas, providing a purified off-gas mixture, c. directing the purified off-gas mixture to contact a liquid hydrocarbon mixture, providing an enriched liquid hydrocarbon mixture. 2. A process for purification of a sour hydrocarbon mixture according to claim 1, wherein said liquid hydrocarbon mixture has a temperature in the range from 30° C. to 70° C., when contacted with said gas mixture. 3. A process for purification of a sour hydrocarbon mixture according to claim 1, wherein said absorbent liquid having affinity for sour gas has a temperature in the range from 30° C. to 90° C. and a pressure in the range of atmospheric to 30 barg. 4. A process for purification of a sour hydrocarbon mixture according to claim 3, wherein said absorbent liquid comprises an amine, an inorganic base, an ionic liquid or a physical solvent, comprising one or more compounds taken from the group comprising methanol, dimethyl ethers of polyethylene glycol, propylene carbonate and n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. 5. A process for purification of a sour hydrocarbon mixture according to claim 1, wherein said liquid hydrocarbon mixture comprises at least a part of said liquid hydrocarbon fraction. 6. A process for purification of a sour hydrocarbon mixture according to claim 1, wherein said sour hydrocarbon mixture comprises at least 30% by weight, boiling in the range from 30° C. to 200° C. 7. A process for purification of a sour hydrocarbon mixture according to claim 1, wherein said sour hydrocarbon mixture comprises at least 2% hydrocarbons by weight, boiling below 30° C. 8. A process for production of a purified hydrocarbon mixture from a heteroatomic hydrocarbon mixture, comprising the process steps for purification of a sour hydrocarbon mixture according to claim 1, wherein said heteroatomic hydrocarbon mixture is directed to contact a material catalytically active in hydrotreatment under hydrotreatment conditions, providing the sour hydrocarbon mixture. 9. A process for production of a purified hydrocarbon mixture according to claim 8, wherein said hydrotreatment conditions involve a temperature from 250° C. to 450° C., a pressure from 10 barg to 100 barg, and a liquid hourly space velocity from 0.5 m3/m3/h and wherein said material catalytically active in hydrotreatment comprises molybdenum or tungsten optionally in combination with cobalt or nickel and supported on a support comprising a support material. 10. A process for production of a purified hydrocarbon mixture according to claim 8 wherein said heteroatomic hydrocarbon mixture is a condensate oil, a feedstock comprising naphtha or a product from a hydrocracking process comprising naphtha. 11. A process unit for purification of a gas mixture comprising hydrocarbon and hydrogen sulfide comprising a sour gas absorber and an oil absorber, each having a gas inlet, a gas outlet, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, wherein the gas mixture is directed to the gas inlet of said sour gas absorber, and the gas outlet of said sour gas absorber is in fluid communication with said oil absorber gas inlet, and where said oil absorber liquid outlet provides an enriched liquid hydrocarbon mixture. 12. A process unit for purification of a sour hydrocarbon mixture, comprising a process unit according to claim 11, and a means of separation having an inlet, a vapor outlet, a liquid outlet and optionally a stripping medium inlet, wherein said sour hydrocarbon mixture is directed to said inlet of the means of separation, and the vapor outlet of the means of separation is in fluid communication with the gas inlet of the sour gas absorber, and wherein the liquid outlet of the means of separation optionally is in fluid communication with the liquid inlet of the oil absorber. 13. A process plant for production of a purified hydrocarbon mixture from a heteroatomic hydrocarbon mixture, comprising a hydrotreatment reactor having an inlet and an outlet, said hydrotreatment reactor containing a material catalytically active in hydrotreatment, wherein the heteroatomic hydrocarbon mixture is directed to the inlet of the hydrotreatment reactor and outlet of hydrotreatment reactor is in fluid communication with the inlet of the means of separation. | Processes and equipment for purification of a sour hydrocarbon mixture or a gas mixture including hydrocarbons and sour gas, at least including the steps of directing the gas mixture to contact an absorbent liquid having affinity for sour gas, providing a purified off-gas mixture, directing the purified off-gas mixture to contact a liquid hydrocarbon mixture, providing an enriched liquid hydrocarbon mixture, with the associated benefit of such a process having a high recovery of hydrocarbons from the gas mixture to the enriched liquid hydrocarbon mixture, while being efficient in removing hydrogen sulfide from the gas mixture. The gas mixture to be purified may either be a natural gas, a fuel gas or an intermediate gas stream, e.g. from naphtha, kerosene, diesel or condensate hydrotreatment or hydrocracking, and it may also include further constituents, typically hydrogen.1. A process for purification of a sour hydrocarbon mixture, comprising the steps of
a. directing said sour hydrocarbon mixture to a means of separation, optionally a stripper, providing a liquid hydrocarbon fraction and a gas mixture, b. directing the gas mixture to contact an absorbent liquid having affinity for sour gas, providing a purified off-gas mixture, c. directing the purified off-gas mixture to contact a liquid hydrocarbon mixture, providing an enriched liquid hydrocarbon mixture. 2. A process for purification of a sour hydrocarbon mixture according to claim 1, wherein said liquid hydrocarbon mixture has a temperature in the range from 30° C. to 70° C., when contacted with said gas mixture. 3. A process for purification of a sour hydrocarbon mixture according to claim 1, wherein said absorbent liquid having affinity for sour gas has a temperature in the range from 30° C. to 90° C. and a pressure in the range of atmospheric to 30 barg. 4. A process for purification of a sour hydrocarbon mixture according to claim 3, wherein said absorbent liquid comprises an amine, an inorganic base, an ionic liquid or a physical solvent, comprising one or more compounds taken from the group comprising methanol, dimethyl ethers of polyethylene glycol, propylene carbonate and n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. 5. A process for purification of a sour hydrocarbon mixture according to claim 1, wherein said liquid hydrocarbon mixture comprises at least a part of said liquid hydrocarbon fraction. 6. A process for purification of a sour hydrocarbon mixture according to claim 1, wherein said sour hydrocarbon mixture comprises at least 30% by weight, boiling in the range from 30° C. to 200° C. 7. A process for purification of a sour hydrocarbon mixture according to claim 1, wherein said sour hydrocarbon mixture comprises at least 2% hydrocarbons by weight, boiling below 30° C. 8. A process for production of a purified hydrocarbon mixture from a heteroatomic hydrocarbon mixture, comprising the process steps for purification of a sour hydrocarbon mixture according to claim 1, wherein said heteroatomic hydrocarbon mixture is directed to contact a material catalytically active in hydrotreatment under hydrotreatment conditions, providing the sour hydrocarbon mixture. 9. A process for production of a purified hydrocarbon mixture according to claim 8, wherein said hydrotreatment conditions involve a temperature from 250° C. to 450° C., a pressure from 10 barg to 100 barg, and a liquid hourly space velocity from 0.5 m3/m3/h and wherein said material catalytically active in hydrotreatment comprises molybdenum or tungsten optionally in combination with cobalt or nickel and supported on a support comprising a support material. 10. A process for production of a purified hydrocarbon mixture according to claim 8 wherein said heteroatomic hydrocarbon mixture is a condensate oil, a feedstock comprising naphtha or a product from a hydrocracking process comprising naphtha. 11. A process unit for purification of a gas mixture comprising hydrocarbon and hydrogen sulfide comprising a sour gas absorber and an oil absorber, each having a gas inlet, a gas outlet, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, wherein the gas mixture is directed to the gas inlet of said sour gas absorber, and the gas outlet of said sour gas absorber is in fluid communication with said oil absorber gas inlet, and where said oil absorber liquid outlet provides an enriched liquid hydrocarbon mixture. 12. A process unit for purification of a sour hydrocarbon mixture, comprising a process unit according to claim 11, and a means of separation having an inlet, a vapor outlet, a liquid outlet and optionally a stripping medium inlet, wherein said sour hydrocarbon mixture is directed to said inlet of the means of separation, and the vapor outlet of the means of separation is in fluid communication with the gas inlet of the sour gas absorber, and wherein the liquid outlet of the means of separation optionally is in fluid communication with the liquid inlet of the oil absorber. 13. A process plant for production of a purified hydrocarbon mixture from a heteroatomic hydrocarbon mixture, comprising a hydrotreatment reactor having an inlet and an outlet, said hydrotreatment reactor containing a material catalytically active in hydrotreatment, wherein the heteroatomic hydrocarbon mixture is directed to the inlet of the hydrotreatment reactor and outlet of hydrotreatment reactor is in fluid communication with the inlet of the means of separation. | 1,600 |
345,186 | 16,643,090 | 1,652 | A plant monitoring device includes storage and one or more processors. The storage includes an alarm database in which a plurality of items of determination information as to alarm information is registrable, the alarm information being identification information for identifying an alarm. The processors are configured to register, in response to input of an item of determination information as to the alarm information, the item of determination information and the alarm information in the alarm database in association with each other. | 1-6. (canceled) 7. A plant monitoring device, comprising:
a storage comprising an alarm database in which a plurality of items of determination information as to alarm information is registrable, the alarm information being identification information for identifying an alarm; and one or more processors configured to register, in response to input of an item of determination information as to the alarm information, the item of determination information and the alarm information in the alarm database in association with each other. 8. The plant monitoring device according to claim 7, wherein
the storage further comprises a determination database that contains the item of determination information, detail information, and a display mode in association with one another, the detail information representing details of the item of determination information, and the processors display, on a display, the alarm information registered in the alarm database and the detail information associated with the item of determination information corresponding to the alarm information, in the display mode associated with the item of determination information corresponding to the alarm information in the determination database. 9. The plant monitoring device according to claim 8, wherein the processors register:
the inputted determination information, detail information, and display mode in the determination database in association with one another, in response to input of the item of determination information, the detail information, and the display mode, and the received determination information, detail information, and display mode in the determination database in association with one another, in response to receipt of the item of determination information, the detail information, and the display mode from another plant monitoring device. 10. The plant monitoring device according to claim 8, wherein
the storage further comprises a determination history database that contains the alarm information and time at which each of the items of determination information as to the alarm information has been inputted, in association with each other, and the processors display, on the display, a change history of the item of determination information as to the alarm information. 11. The plant monitoring device according to claim 7, wherein
the alarm information represents tag data that indicates a kind of the alarm and an operation in which the alarm occurs. 12. A distributed control system comprising:
a controller configured to control a plant; and a plurality of plant monitoring devices communicably coupled to the controller, wherein the controller comprises a transmitter configured to transmit alarm information to the plant monitoring devices, the alarm information being identification information for identifying an alarm, and the plant monitoring devices each comprises: a storage comprising an alarm database in which a plurality of items of determination information as to alarm information is registrable, the alarm information being identification information for identifying an alarm; and one or more processors configured to register, in response to input of an item of determination information as to the alarm information, the item of determination information and the alarm information in the alarm database in association with each other. | A plant monitoring device includes storage and one or more processors. The storage includes an alarm database in which a plurality of items of determination information as to alarm information is registrable, the alarm information being identification information for identifying an alarm. The processors are configured to register, in response to input of an item of determination information as to the alarm information, the item of determination information and the alarm information in the alarm database in association with each other.1-6. (canceled) 7. A plant monitoring device, comprising:
a storage comprising an alarm database in which a plurality of items of determination information as to alarm information is registrable, the alarm information being identification information for identifying an alarm; and one or more processors configured to register, in response to input of an item of determination information as to the alarm information, the item of determination information and the alarm information in the alarm database in association with each other. 8. The plant monitoring device according to claim 7, wherein
the storage further comprises a determination database that contains the item of determination information, detail information, and a display mode in association with one another, the detail information representing details of the item of determination information, and the processors display, on a display, the alarm information registered in the alarm database and the detail information associated with the item of determination information corresponding to the alarm information, in the display mode associated with the item of determination information corresponding to the alarm information in the determination database. 9. The plant monitoring device according to claim 8, wherein the processors register:
the inputted determination information, detail information, and display mode in the determination database in association with one another, in response to input of the item of determination information, the detail information, and the display mode, and the received determination information, detail information, and display mode in the determination database in association with one another, in response to receipt of the item of determination information, the detail information, and the display mode from another plant monitoring device. 10. The plant monitoring device according to claim 8, wherein
the storage further comprises a determination history database that contains the alarm information and time at which each of the items of determination information as to the alarm information has been inputted, in association with each other, and the processors display, on the display, a change history of the item of determination information as to the alarm information. 11. The plant monitoring device according to claim 7, wherein
the alarm information represents tag data that indicates a kind of the alarm and an operation in which the alarm occurs. 12. A distributed control system comprising:
a controller configured to control a plant; and a plurality of plant monitoring devices communicably coupled to the controller, wherein the controller comprises a transmitter configured to transmit alarm information to the plant monitoring devices, the alarm information being identification information for identifying an alarm, and the plant monitoring devices each comprises: a storage comprising an alarm database in which a plurality of items of determination information as to alarm information is registrable, the alarm information being identification information for identifying an alarm; and one or more processors configured to register, in response to input of an item of determination information as to the alarm information, the item of determination information and the alarm information in the alarm database in association with each other. | 1,600 |
345,187 | 16,643,097 | 1,652 | Provided is a device for treating containers, comprising a heating device for heating plastic preforms, wherein the heating device has a plurality of heating stations which are suitable for individually heating the plastic preforms, and wherein the heating device has a transport device which transports the plastic preforms individually through the heating device, and comprising a reshaping device which is suitable and intended for reshaping the plastic preforms heated by the heating device into plastic containers. This reshaping device is arranged downstream of the heating device in the transport direction of the plastic preforms, and the reshaping device has a movable support, on which a plurality of reshaping stations are arranged for reshaping the plastic preforms into the plastic containers. The device also comprises a transport device, for transporting the heated plastic preforms individually from the heating device to the reshaping device, and a decorating device. | 1. A device for treating containers, comprising a heating device for heating plastic preforms, wherein the heating device has heating stations which are suitable for individually heating the plastic preforms, and wherein the heating device has a transport device which transports the plastic preforms individually through the heating device, and comprising a reshaping device which is suitable and intended for reshaping the plastic preforms heated by the heating device into plastic containers, wherein the reshaping device is arranged downstream of the heating device in the transport direction of the plastic preforms, and wherein the reshaping device has a movable support, on which reshaping stations are arranged for reshaping the plastic preforms into the plastic containers, and comprising a transport device, which is suitable and intended for transporting the heated plastic preforms individually from the heating device to the reshaping device, and a decorating device, which is arranged downstream of the reshaping device in the transport direction of the plastic containers, wherein this decorating device has a transport device for individually transporting the plastic containers, and the decorating device has at least one decorating assembly or a plurality of decorating assemblies which are suitable and intended for decorating the plastic containers, characterized in that the device has an assigning device and/or an assigning option which allows at least one assigning process of at least one heating station, at least one reshaping station, at least one equipping assembly, and/or at least one filling device. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the transport device of the heating device has a movable support on which the heating stations are arranged. 3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the machine has at least one feed device for feeding plastic preforms to the heating device, wherein this feed device is suitable and intended to feed at least two different types of plastic preforms to the heating device selectively and individually. 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the machine has a changing device and in particular a changing robot which facilitates a change of blow molds of the individual reshaping station. 5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the transport device is suitable and intended for changing a sequence of plastic preforms discharged from the heating device, so that these plastic preforms are transferred to the reshaping device in a modified sequence. 6. The device according to claim 1, wherein a cooling device for cooling the plastic containers is provided between the reshaping device and the decorating device. 7. The device according to claim 1, wherein the decorating device is suitable and intended for decorating different container formats. 8. The device according to claim 1, wherein a filling device for filling the plastic containers is provided, which facilitates filling of the containers with different liquids. 9. The device according to claim 1, wherein the machine has a closer device for closing the containers with container closures, wherein this closer device is suitable and intended for closing the containers with at least two different types of container closures 10. A device for treating containers, wherein plastic preforms are heated by a heating device, wherein the heating device has heating stations which heat the plastic preforms individually and wherein a transport device transports the plastic preforms individually through the heating device, wherein furthermore a reshaping device reshapes the plastic preforms heated by the heating device into plastic containers, wherein the reshaping device is arranged downstream of the heating device in the transport direction of the plastic preforms, and wherein the reshaping device has a movable support, on which reshaping stations are arranged for reshaping the plastic preforms into the plastic containers, and a transport device is provided for transporting the heated plastic preforms individually from the heating device to the reshaping device, and a decorating device provided, which is arranged downstream of the reshaping device in the transport direction of the plastic containers, wherein this decorating device has a transport device for individual transport of the plastic containers, and wherein the decorating device has at least one decorating assembly or a plurality of decorating assemblies which decorate the plastic containers, characterized in that the machine has at least one assignment between at least one heating station, at least one reshaping station, at least one equipping assembly, and/or at least one filling device. | Provided is a device for treating containers, comprising a heating device for heating plastic preforms, wherein the heating device has a plurality of heating stations which are suitable for individually heating the plastic preforms, and wherein the heating device has a transport device which transports the plastic preforms individually through the heating device, and comprising a reshaping device which is suitable and intended for reshaping the plastic preforms heated by the heating device into plastic containers. This reshaping device is arranged downstream of the heating device in the transport direction of the plastic preforms, and the reshaping device has a movable support, on which a plurality of reshaping stations are arranged for reshaping the plastic preforms into the plastic containers. The device also comprises a transport device, for transporting the heated plastic preforms individually from the heating device to the reshaping device, and a decorating device.1. A device for treating containers, comprising a heating device for heating plastic preforms, wherein the heating device has heating stations which are suitable for individually heating the plastic preforms, and wherein the heating device has a transport device which transports the plastic preforms individually through the heating device, and comprising a reshaping device which is suitable and intended for reshaping the plastic preforms heated by the heating device into plastic containers, wherein the reshaping device is arranged downstream of the heating device in the transport direction of the plastic preforms, and wherein the reshaping device has a movable support, on which reshaping stations are arranged for reshaping the plastic preforms into the plastic containers, and comprising a transport device, which is suitable and intended for transporting the heated plastic preforms individually from the heating device to the reshaping device, and a decorating device, which is arranged downstream of the reshaping device in the transport direction of the plastic containers, wherein this decorating device has a transport device for individually transporting the plastic containers, and the decorating device has at least one decorating assembly or a plurality of decorating assemblies which are suitable and intended for decorating the plastic containers, characterized in that the device has an assigning device and/or an assigning option which allows at least one assigning process of at least one heating station, at least one reshaping station, at least one equipping assembly, and/or at least one filling device. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the transport device of the heating device has a movable support on which the heating stations are arranged. 3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the machine has at least one feed device for feeding plastic preforms to the heating device, wherein this feed device is suitable and intended to feed at least two different types of plastic preforms to the heating device selectively and individually. 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the machine has a changing device and in particular a changing robot which facilitates a change of blow molds of the individual reshaping station. 5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the transport device is suitable and intended for changing a sequence of plastic preforms discharged from the heating device, so that these plastic preforms are transferred to the reshaping device in a modified sequence. 6. The device according to claim 1, wherein a cooling device for cooling the plastic containers is provided between the reshaping device and the decorating device. 7. The device according to claim 1, wherein the decorating device is suitable and intended for decorating different container formats. 8. The device according to claim 1, wherein a filling device for filling the plastic containers is provided, which facilitates filling of the containers with different liquids. 9. The device according to claim 1, wherein the machine has a closer device for closing the containers with container closures, wherein this closer device is suitable and intended for closing the containers with at least two different types of container closures 10. A device for treating containers, wherein plastic preforms are heated by a heating device, wherein the heating device has heating stations which heat the plastic preforms individually and wherein a transport device transports the plastic preforms individually through the heating device, wherein furthermore a reshaping device reshapes the plastic preforms heated by the heating device into plastic containers, wherein the reshaping device is arranged downstream of the heating device in the transport direction of the plastic preforms, and wherein the reshaping device has a movable support, on which reshaping stations are arranged for reshaping the plastic preforms into the plastic containers, and a transport device is provided for transporting the heated plastic preforms individually from the heating device to the reshaping device, and a decorating device provided, which is arranged downstream of the reshaping device in the transport direction of the plastic containers, wherein this decorating device has a transport device for individual transport of the plastic containers, and wherein the decorating device has at least one decorating assembly or a plurality of decorating assemblies which decorate the plastic containers, characterized in that the machine has at least one assignment between at least one heating station, at least one reshaping station, at least one equipping assembly, and/or at least one filling device. | 1,600 |
345,188 | 16,643,098 | 1,652 | The present invention relates to a composition of at least one sulfonic acid in combination with an effective amount of at least one nitrosyl compound, acting as inhibitor of corrosion of metals by said at least one sulfonic acid. | 1. Use of at least one compound of general formula (1):
in which X is chosen from:
H;
NO;
a linear or branched alkyl radical R comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
an aryl radical Ar which is optionally substituted, in particular by at least one alkyl radical R;
a radical —SO2-G, in which G represents H, OH, R, OR, OM, Ar, OAr, NH2, NHR and NRR′, in which R and Ar are as defined above, R′ represents a linear or branched alkyl radical comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and M represents a monovalent or bivalent metal cation, preferably an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal cation; and
a radical —CO-G, in which G is as defined above,
for limiting, or even preventing, the corrosion of metals by sulfonic acids. 2. Use according to claim 1, in which X represents —SO2-G, preferably —SO2-G in which -G represents —OH or R, R representing an alkyl radical, preferably the methyl radical. 3. Use according to claim 1, wherein the sulfonic acid is an acid of formula R—SO3H, in which R represents a linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon-based chain comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, optionally entirely or partially substituted by one or more identical or different halogen atoms, or an aryl radical optionally substituted by a linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon-based chain comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, optionally entirely or partially substituted by one or more identical or different halogen atoms. 4. Use according to claim 1, wherein the sulfonic acid is chosen from methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, n-propanesulfonic acid, iso-propanesulfonic acid, n-butanesulfonic acid, iso-butanesulfonic acid, sec-butanesulfonic acid, tert-butanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, para-toluenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, and mixtures of two or more thereof in any proportions, preferably the sulfonic acid is chosen from methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and para-toluenesulfonic acid, entirely preferably the sulfonic acid is methanesulfonic acid. 5. Composition, in the form of an aqueous formulation, comprising at least one compound of formula (1) as defined in claim 1 and at least one sulfonic acid. 6. Composition according to claim 5, wherein the amount of compound(s) of formula (1) is between 1 ppm and 10%, preferably between 5 ppm and 1000 ppm, more preferably still between 10 ppm and 800 ppm, by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. 7. Composition according to claim 5, comprising from 0.01% to 100% by weight of sulfonic acid(s) in combination with at least one corrosion inhibitor of formula (1), the remainder of the composition comprising a solvent and/or a diluant. 8. Composition according to claim 5, comprising at least one sulfonic acid chosen from methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, n-propanesulfonic acid, iso-propanesulfonic acid, n-butanesulfonic acid, iso-butanesulfonic acid, sec-butanesulfonic acid, tert-butanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, para-toluenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid and mixtures of two or more thereof in any proportions, preferably methanesulfonic acid, in combination with at least one corrosion-inhibiting compound of formula O═N—OX, in which X is chosen from H, NO, a linear or branched alkyl radical R comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and a radical —SO2-G or —CO-G, in which G represents OH or R as defined above, the sulfonic acid and corrosion inhibitor combination representing from 0.05% to 90% by weight, in particular from 0.5% to 75% by weight, of the total weight of said composition, the remainder of the composition being water. 9. Composition according to claim 5, comprising methanesulfonic acid, nitrosylsulfuric acid and water. 10. Composition according to claim 5, also comprising one or more additives chosen from:
solvents, hydrotropic agents or solubilizers, biocides, disinfectants (bromoacetic acid, peracetic acid, aqueous hydrogen peroxide, chlorine dioxide, chlorine, bromine and the like), rheological agents, texturing agents, thickeners, gelling agents, complexing agents; organic or inorganic acids; flame retardants, preservatives, anionic, cationic, nonionic or amphoteric surfactants (such as ethoxylated alcohols and/or amines, alkyl and/or aryl sulfonates), emulsifiers, detergents, soaps, and the like, foaming agents, antifoams, antifreezes (for example ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and the like), dyes, pigments; and fragrances, odorizing agents. 11. Process for protecting metals from corrosion by sulfonic acids, in particular metals and alloys which can be passivated, characterized in that the sulfonic acid coming into contact with said metals is a composition according to claim 5. 12. Process according to claim 11, in which the metal is chosen from iron-based or nickel-based stainless steels or alloys, titanium, copper, aluminium, molybdenum, manganese, lead and alloys thereof, and also the pairs (in the galvanic sense) of these metals or alloys. 13. Use of a composition according to claim 5 for storage, catalytic reactions or else cleaning, descaling, detergency, stripping, disinfection, galvanoplasty, plating, and the like, at temperatures ranging from −10° C. to 200° C., preferably from 0° C. to 160° C. 14. Use according to claim 13, for the stripping, cleaning, descaling and detergency of inorganic and/or organic soiling in food-processing industries such as dairies, cheese-making facilities, grocery and meat product packaging, breweries, and also the stripping, cleaning and descaling of inorganic residues in cement works, in all domains where it is necessary and desirable to eliminate rust, or else in oil and gas operations where acid solutions are necessary for dissolving underground rocks, in particular carbonate-based rocks. 15. Use according to claim 13, for limiting, or even preventing, the corrosion of containers, barrels, tanks, receptacles, reactors, fermenters, lines, pipes, tubes, valves, in which at least one sulfonic acid is stored or conveyed. 16. Composition according to claim 5 wherein the sulfonic acid is alkanesulfonic acid. 17. Composition according to claim 5 wherein the sulfonic acid is MSA. | The present invention relates to a composition of at least one sulfonic acid in combination with an effective amount of at least one nitrosyl compound, acting as inhibitor of corrosion of metals by said at least one sulfonic acid.1. Use of at least one compound of general formula (1):
in which X is chosen from:
H;
NO;
a linear or branched alkyl radical R comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
an aryl radical Ar which is optionally substituted, in particular by at least one alkyl radical R;
a radical —SO2-G, in which G represents H, OH, R, OR, OM, Ar, OAr, NH2, NHR and NRR′, in which R and Ar are as defined above, R′ represents a linear or branched alkyl radical comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and M represents a monovalent or bivalent metal cation, preferably an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal cation; and
a radical —CO-G, in which G is as defined above,
for limiting, or even preventing, the corrosion of metals by sulfonic acids. 2. Use according to claim 1, in which X represents —SO2-G, preferably —SO2-G in which -G represents —OH or R, R representing an alkyl radical, preferably the methyl radical. 3. Use according to claim 1, wherein the sulfonic acid is an acid of formula R—SO3H, in which R represents a linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon-based chain comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, optionally entirely or partially substituted by one or more identical or different halogen atoms, or an aryl radical optionally substituted by a linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon-based chain comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, optionally entirely or partially substituted by one or more identical or different halogen atoms. 4. Use according to claim 1, wherein the sulfonic acid is chosen from methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, n-propanesulfonic acid, iso-propanesulfonic acid, n-butanesulfonic acid, iso-butanesulfonic acid, sec-butanesulfonic acid, tert-butanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, para-toluenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, and mixtures of two or more thereof in any proportions, preferably the sulfonic acid is chosen from methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and para-toluenesulfonic acid, entirely preferably the sulfonic acid is methanesulfonic acid. 5. Composition, in the form of an aqueous formulation, comprising at least one compound of formula (1) as defined in claim 1 and at least one sulfonic acid. 6. Composition according to claim 5, wherein the amount of compound(s) of formula (1) is between 1 ppm and 10%, preferably between 5 ppm and 1000 ppm, more preferably still between 10 ppm and 800 ppm, by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. 7. Composition according to claim 5, comprising from 0.01% to 100% by weight of sulfonic acid(s) in combination with at least one corrosion inhibitor of formula (1), the remainder of the composition comprising a solvent and/or a diluant. 8. Composition according to claim 5, comprising at least one sulfonic acid chosen from methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, n-propanesulfonic acid, iso-propanesulfonic acid, n-butanesulfonic acid, iso-butanesulfonic acid, sec-butanesulfonic acid, tert-butanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, para-toluenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid and mixtures of two or more thereof in any proportions, preferably methanesulfonic acid, in combination with at least one corrosion-inhibiting compound of formula O═N—OX, in which X is chosen from H, NO, a linear or branched alkyl radical R comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and a radical —SO2-G or —CO-G, in which G represents OH or R as defined above, the sulfonic acid and corrosion inhibitor combination representing from 0.05% to 90% by weight, in particular from 0.5% to 75% by weight, of the total weight of said composition, the remainder of the composition being water. 9. Composition according to claim 5, comprising methanesulfonic acid, nitrosylsulfuric acid and water. 10. Composition according to claim 5, also comprising one or more additives chosen from:
solvents, hydrotropic agents or solubilizers, biocides, disinfectants (bromoacetic acid, peracetic acid, aqueous hydrogen peroxide, chlorine dioxide, chlorine, bromine and the like), rheological agents, texturing agents, thickeners, gelling agents, complexing agents; organic or inorganic acids; flame retardants, preservatives, anionic, cationic, nonionic or amphoteric surfactants (such as ethoxylated alcohols and/or amines, alkyl and/or aryl sulfonates), emulsifiers, detergents, soaps, and the like, foaming agents, antifoams, antifreezes (for example ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and the like), dyes, pigments; and fragrances, odorizing agents. 11. Process for protecting metals from corrosion by sulfonic acids, in particular metals and alloys which can be passivated, characterized in that the sulfonic acid coming into contact with said metals is a composition according to claim 5. 12. Process according to claim 11, in which the metal is chosen from iron-based or nickel-based stainless steels or alloys, titanium, copper, aluminium, molybdenum, manganese, lead and alloys thereof, and also the pairs (in the galvanic sense) of these metals or alloys. 13. Use of a composition according to claim 5 for storage, catalytic reactions or else cleaning, descaling, detergency, stripping, disinfection, galvanoplasty, plating, and the like, at temperatures ranging from −10° C. to 200° C., preferably from 0° C. to 160° C. 14. Use according to claim 13, for the stripping, cleaning, descaling and detergency of inorganic and/or organic soiling in food-processing industries such as dairies, cheese-making facilities, grocery and meat product packaging, breweries, and also the stripping, cleaning and descaling of inorganic residues in cement works, in all domains where it is necessary and desirable to eliminate rust, or else in oil and gas operations where acid solutions are necessary for dissolving underground rocks, in particular carbonate-based rocks. 15. Use according to claim 13, for limiting, or even preventing, the corrosion of containers, barrels, tanks, receptacles, reactors, fermenters, lines, pipes, tubes, valves, in which at least one sulfonic acid is stored or conveyed. 16. Composition according to claim 5 wherein the sulfonic acid is alkanesulfonic acid. 17. Composition according to claim 5 wherein the sulfonic acid is MSA. | 1,600 |
345,189 | 16,643,116 | 1,652 | The invention provides a method for acquiring an image of a target code, which allows the CMOS sensor, after the reader has been triggered to acquire a target code, to rapidly determine, and internally, a desirable exposure-time value Topt for the image capture of this code. When it is triggered, the sensor activates a measuring mode Mode_MES with a rapid acquisition of image data for k different exposure-time values Ti, i=1 to k, k being at least equal to 2, and this acquisition is employed only by the sensor and to rapidly define a desirable exposure-time value on the basis of histograms H(Ti) calculated with the image data acquired with the various exposure times; this value is stored in the register of image-capture parameters, and the sensor then activates a nominal image-acquiring mode Mode_ACQ, which applies this desirable exposure-time value delivered by the registered to all the pixels of the matrix array, and the obtained image DATA-OUT is the image delivered as output by the sensor, for recognition/decoding of the code by an external system. | 1. Method for acquiring an image of one or more codes that are optically readable by a CMOS electronic image sensor, which is activated on reception, by the sensor, of an external triggering signal (Trig) and which comprises carrying out a measurement image capture in order to determine a desirable exposure-time value, said desirable exposure-time value then being applied as current exposure-time value to all the pixels of the matrix array, in order to carry out a nominal image capture, characterized in that the measurement image capture (Mode-Mes) comprises:
an integrating phase (100), which is common to the pixels, and in which k different exposure-time values (Ti) are applied to pixels that are regularly distributed over the rows or columns of the matrix array, each pixel being associated with one among the k different exposure-time values, k integer at least equal to 2; a rapid-acquiring phase (102), in which digital image data (DATA(Ti)) are rapidly acquired with the various pixel-exposure-time values, and which comprises a rapid read-out phase applying under-sampling of the rows of the matrix array; and a determining phase (110), in which the desirable exposure-time value (Topt) is determined by comparing histograms calculated on the basis of the digital image data obtained in the rapid-acquiring phase for each different exposure-time value. 2. Acquiring method according to claim 1, applying a periodic distribution pattern of the k exposure-time values (Ti) to the columns of the matrix array. 3. Acquiring method according to claim 1, wherein the rapid read-out phase applies under-sampling of the rows, which is in a ratio of 1 to 8, 16 or 32. 4. Acquiring method according to claim 1, wherein the rapid read-out phase (102) is only applied to one or more predefined zones of the matrix array. 5. Acquiring method according to claim 1, excluding, for the rapid read-out phase (102), one or more predefined zones of the pixel matrix array. 6. Method according to claim 1, using analogue-digital converting means for reading the pixels that are configured with a nominal resolution of at least ten bits for the nominal image capture, and configured with a decreased resolution equal to or lower than eight bits for the measurement image capture. 7. Acquiring method according to claim 1, wherein the histograms for the k various exposure-time values (T1, . . . Tk) of the measuring mode are calculated with a number of greyscale levels lower than the number of greyscale levels corresponding to the resolution of the analogue-digital converting means in the measuring mode. 8. Acquiring method according to claim 1, wherein the determining phase (112), in which the desirable exposure-time value (Topt) is determined, applies at least two histogram-comparing algorithms, each algorithm delivering as output a first value, and establishes, as desirable exposure-time value for the following nominal acquiring phase, the average of said first values. 9. Acquiring method according to claim 1, in which the time for the measurement image capture is about 10% or less that of the nominal image capture. 10. Acquiring method according to claim 2, wherein the rapid read-out phase applies under-sampling of the rows, which is in a ratio of 1 to 8, 16 or 32. 11. Acquiring method according to claim 10, wherein the rapid read-out phase (102) is only applied to one or more predefined zones of the matrix array. 12. Acquiring method according to claim 3, wherein the rapid read-out phase (102) is only applied to one or more predefined zones of the matrix array. 13. Acquiring method according to claim 2, excluding, for the rapid read-out phase (102), one or more predefined zones of the pixel matrix array. 14. Acquiring method according to claim 3, excluding, for the rapid read-out phase (102), one or more predefined zones of the pixel matrix array. | The invention provides a method for acquiring an image of a target code, which allows the CMOS sensor, after the reader has been triggered to acquire a target code, to rapidly determine, and internally, a desirable exposure-time value Topt for the image capture of this code. When it is triggered, the sensor activates a measuring mode Mode_MES with a rapid acquisition of image data for k different exposure-time values Ti, i=1 to k, k being at least equal to 2, and this acquisition is employed only by the sensor and to rapidly define a desirable exposure-time value on the basis of histograms H(Ti) calculated with the image data acquired with the various exposure times; this value is stored in the register of image-capture parameters, and the sensor then activates a nominal image-acquiring mode Mode_ACQ, which applies this desirable exposure-time value delivered by the registered to all the pixels of the matrix array, and the obtained image DATA-OUT is the image delivered as output by the sensor, for recognition/decoding of the code by an external system.1. Method for acquiring an image of one or more codes that are optically readable by a CMOS electronic image sensor, which is activated on reception, by the sensor, of an external triggering signal (Trig) and which comprises carrying out a measurement image capture in order to determine a desirable exposure-time value, said desirable exposure-time value then being applied as current exposure-time value to all the pixels of the matrix array, in order to carry out a nominal image capture, characterized in that the measurement image capture (Mode-Mes) comprises:
an integrating phase (100), which is common to the pixels, and in which k different exposure-time values (Ti) are applied to pixels that are regularly distributed over the rows or columns of the matrix array, each pixel being associated with one among the k different exposure-time values, k integer at least equal to 2; a rapid-acquiring phase (102), in which digital image data (DATA(Ti)) are rapidly acquired with the various pixel-exposure-time values, and which comprises a rapid read-out phase applying under-sampling of the rows of the matrix array; and a determining phase (110), in which the desirable exposure-time value (Topt) is determined by comparing histograms calculated on the basis of the digital image data obtained in the rapid-acquiring phase for each different exposure-time value. 2. Acquiring method according to claim 1, applying a periodic distribution pattern of the k exposure-time values (Ti) to the columns of the matrix array. 3. Acquiring method according to claim 1, wherein the rapid read-out phase applies under-sampling of the rows, which is in a ratio of 1 to 8, 16 or 32. 4. Acquiring method according to claim 1, wherein the rapid read-out phase (102) is only applied to one or more predefined zones of the matrix array. 5. Acquiring method according to claim 1, excluding, for the rapid read-out phase (102), one or more predefined zones of the pixel matrix array. 6. Method according to claim 1, using analogue-digital converting means for reading the pixels that are configured with a nominal resolution of at least ten bits for the nominal image capture, and configured with a decreased resolution equal to or lower than eight bits for the measurement image capture. 7. Acquiring method according to claim 1, wherein the histograms for the k various exposure-time values (T1, . . . Tk) of the measuring mode are calculated with a number of greyscale levels lower than the number of greyscale levels corresponding to the resolution of the analogue-digital converting means in the measuring mode. 8. Acquiring method according to claim 1, wherein the determining phase (112), in which the desirable exposure-time value (Topt) is determined, applies at least two histogram-comparing algorithms, each algorithm delivering as output a first value, and establishes, as desirable exposure-time value for the following nominal acquiring phase, the average of said first values. 9. Acquiring method according to claim 1, in which the time for the measurement image capture is about 10% or less that of the nominal image capture. 10. Acquiring method according to claim 2, wherein the rapid read-out phase applies under-sampling of the rows, which is in a ratio of 1 to 8, 16 or 32. 11. Acquiring method according to claim 10, wherein the rapid read-out phase (102) is only applied to one or more predefined zones of the matrix array. 12. Acquiring method according to claim 3, wherein the rapid read-out phase (102) is only applied to one or more predefined zones of the matrix array. 13. Acquiring method according to claim 2, excluding, for the rapid read-out phase (102), one or more predefined zones of the pixel matrix array. 14. Acquiring method according to claim 3, excluding, for the rapid read-out phase (102), one or more predefined zones of the pixel matrix array. | 1,600 |
345,190 | 16,643,105 | 1,652 | A peeping prevention structure, a display device and a display method are provided. The peeping prevention structure includes: a first electrode and a second electrode opposite to each other; a plurality of transparent columnar cavities between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein a plurality of opening regions are defined between the plurality of transparent columnar cavities, and each of the plurality of transparent columnar cavities is filled with charged light-absorbing particles; wherein, the charged light-absorbing particles are configured to, under a control of an electric field between the first electrode and the second electrode, be uniformly diffused in the transparent columnar cavity or be concentrated at an end of the transparent columnar cavity. | 1. A peeping prevention structure, comprising:
a first electrode and a second electrode opposite to each other; a plurality of transparent columnar cavities between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein a plurality of opening regions are defined between the plurality of transparent columnar cavities, and each of the plurality of transparent columnar cavities is filled with charged light-absorbing particles; wherein, the charged light-absorbing particles are configured to, under a control of an electric field between the first electrode and the second electrode, be uniformly diffused in the transparent columnar cavity or be concentrated at an end of the transparent columnar cavity. 2. The peeping prevention structure according to claim 1, further comprising:
a first substrate and a second substrate opposite to each other; wherein the first electrode is on a side of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and the second electrode is on a side of the second substrate facing the first substrate. 3.The peeping prevention structure according to claim 1, wherein,
the first electrode is a planar transparent electrode or a metal conductive wire; the second electrode is a planar transparent electrode or a metal conductive wire. 4. The peeping prevention structure according to claim 3, wherein,
in a case that the first electrode is the metal conductive wire, an orthographic projection, on the first substrate, of an end of the transparent columnar cavity near the first substrate covers the first electrode; in a case that the second electrode is the metal conductive wire, an orthographic projection, on the second substrate, of an end of the transparent columnar cavity near the second substrate covers the second electrode. 5. The peeping prevention structure according to claim 1, wherein, in a case that there is the electric field applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, the charged light-absorbing particles are concentrated at an end of the transparent columnar cavity; in a case that there is no electric field applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, the charged light-absorbing particles arc uniformly diffused in the transparent columnar cavity. 6. The peeping prevention structure according to claim 1, wherein, a shape of a cross section of each of the transparent columnar cavities in a plane perpendicular to the first electrode or the second electrode is rectangular or trapezoidal. 7. A display device, comprising:
a display panel: and the peeping prevention structure according to claim 1 attached to a light emitting side of the display panel, wherein, each opening region of the plurality of opening regions of the peeping prevention structure corresponds to at least one pixel area of the display panel. 8. A display device, comprising:
a display panel: and the peeping prevention structure according to claim 2 attached to a light emitting side of the display panel, wherein, each opening region of the plurality of opening regions of the peeping prevention structure corresponds to at least one pixel area of the display panel, wherein, the first substrate or the second substrate of the peeping prevention structure is reused from a base substrate on the light emitting side of the display panel 9. The display device according to claim 7, wherein, the plurality of opening regions of the peeping prevention structure correspond to a plurality of pixel areas of the display panel in a one to one manner, an orthographic projection of each of the plurality of opening regions on the display panel coincides with one of the plurality of pixel areas. 10. The display device according to claim 7, further comprising:
a controller, configured to control an electrical signal applied to the first electrode and the second electrode, so that an intensity of the electric field between the first electrode and the second electrode is controlled by controlling the electrical signal, so that the peeping prevention structure is capable of being switched between a first state and a second slate, wherein in the first state, the charged light-absorbing particles are uniformly diffused in the transparent columnar cavity; in the second state, the charged light-absorbing particles are concentrated at an end of the transparent columnar cavity. 11. The display device according to claim 7, wherein, a projection of each of the plurality of transparent columnar cavities on the display panel is within a black matrix of the display panel. 12. A display method of a display device, applied to the display device according to claim 7, comprising:
controlling an electrical signal applied to the first electrode and the second electrode, so that an intensity of the electric field between the first electrode and the second electrode is controlled by controlling the electrical signal, so that the peeping prevention structure is capable of being switched between a first state and a second state, wherein in the first state, the charged light-absorbing particles are uniformly diffused in the transparent columnar cavity; in the second state, the charged light-absorbing particles are concentrated at an end of the transparent columnar cavity. 13. The display method according to claim 12, further comprising:
applying no electrical signal to the first electrode and the second electrode, so that the charged light-absorbing particles are uniformly diffused in the transparent columnar cavity;
applying an electrical signal to the first electrode and the second electrode, so that the charged light-absorbing particles move toward the first electrode or the second electrode and are concentrated at an end of the transparent columnar cavity. 14. A method of manufacturing a peeping prevention structure, comprising:
providing a first substrate, depositing a layer of transparent conductive material on the first substrate as a first electrode; forming a transparent insulating film on the first electrode, and patterning the transparent insulating film to form a plurality of transparent columnar cavities; filling charged light-absorbing particles in each of the plurality of transparent columnar cavities; providing a second substrate, forming a second electrode on the second substrate; assembling the first electrode and the second electrode to form a cell, so that the second electrode faces the first electrode, and the second electrode is in direct contact with the transparent insulating film. 15. The method of manufacturing the peeping prevention structure according to claim 14, wherein filling the charged light-absorbing particles in each of the plurality of transparent columnar cavities comprises:
filling the transparent columnar cavity with liquid, and enabling the charged light-absorbing particles to be filled in the liquid, wherein, a concentration of the charged light-absorbing particles allows the charged light-absorbing particles to be uniformly diffused in an entirety of the transparent columnar cavity and to form a blocking wall that blocks light. 16. The method of manufacturing the peeping prevention structure according to claim 14, wherein, a shape of a cross section of each transparent columnar cavity of the transparent columnar cavities in a plane perpendicular to the first electrode or the second electrode is rectangular or trapezoidal. 17. A display device, comprising:
a display panel; and the peeping prevention structure according to claim 3 attached to a light emitting side of the display panel, wherein, each opening region of the plurality of opening regions of the peeping prevention structure corresponds to at least one pixel area of the display panel. 18. A display device, comprising:
a display panel; and the peeping prevention structure according to claim 4 attached to a light emitting side of the display panel, wherein, each opening region of the plurality of opening regions of the peeping prevention structure corresponds to at least one pixel area of the display panel. 19. A display device, comprising:
a display panel; and the peeping prevention structure according to claim 5 attached to a light emitting side of the display panel, wherein, each opening region of the plurality of opening regions of the peeping prevention structure corresponds to at least one pixel area of the display panel. 20. A display device, comprising:
a display panel; and the peeping prevention structure according to claim 6 attached to a light emitting side of the display panel, wherein, each opening region of the plurality of opening regions of the peeping prevention structure corresponds to at least one pixel area of the display panel. | A peeping prevention structure, a display device and a display method are provided. The peeping prevention structure includes: a first electrode and a second electrode opposite to each other; a plurality of transparent columnar cavities between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein a plurality of opening regions are defined between the plurality of transparent columnar cavities, and each of the plurality of transparent columnar cavities is filled with charged light-absorbing particles; wherein, the charged light-absorbing particles are configured to, under a control of an electric field between the first electrode and the second electrode, be uniformly diffused in the transparent columnar cavity or be concentrated at an end of the transparent columnar cavity.1. A peeping prevention structure, comprising:
a first electrode and a second electrode opposite to each other; a plurality of transparent columnar cavities between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein a plurality of opening regions are defined between the plurality of transparent columnar cavities, and each of the plurality of transparent columnar cavities is filled with charged light-absorbing particles; wherein, the charged light-absorbing particles are configured to, under a control of an electric field between the first electrode and the second electrode, be uniformly diffused in the transparent columnar cavity or be concentrated at an end of the transparent columnar cavity. 2. The peeping prevention structure according to claim 1, further comprising:
a first substrate and a second substrate opposite to each other; wherein the first electrode is on a side of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and the second electrode is on a side of the second substrate facing the first substrate. 3.The peeping prevention structure according to claim 1, wherein,
the first electrode is a planar transparent electrode or a metal conductive wire; the second electrode is a planar transparent electrode or a metal conductive wire. 4. The peeping prevention structure according to claim 3, wherein,
in a case that the first electrode is the metal conductive wire, an orthographic projection, on the first substrate, of an end of the transparent columnar cavity near the first substrate covers the first electrode; in a case that the second electrode is the metal conductive wire, an orthographic projection, on the second substrate, of an end of the transparent columnar cavity near the second substrate covers the second electrode. 5. The peeping prevention structure according to claim 1, wherein, in a case that there is the electric field applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, the charged light-absorbing particles are concentrated at an end of the transparent columnar cavity; in a case that there is no electric field applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, the charged light-absorbing particles arc uniformly diffused in the transparent columnar cavity. 6. The peeping prevention structure according to claim 1, wherein, a shape of a cross section of each of the transparent columnar cavities in a plane perpendicular to the first electrode or the second electrode is rectangular or trapezoidal. 7. A display device, comprising:
a display panel: and the peeping prevention structure according to claim 1 attached to a light emitting side of the display panel, wherein, each opening region of the plurality of opening regions of the peeping prevention structure corresponds to at least one pixel area of the display panel. 8. A display device, comprising:
a display panel: and the peeping prevention structure according to claim 2 attached to a light emitting side of the display panel, wherein, each opening region of the plurality of opening regions of the peeping prevention structure corresponds to at least one pixel area of the display panel, wherein, the first substrate or the second substrate of the peeping prevention structure is reused from a base substrate on the light emitting side of the display panel 9. The display device according to claim 7, wherein, the plurality of opening regions of the peeping prevention structure correspond to a plurality of pixel areas of the display panel in a one to one manner, an orthographic projection of each of the plurality of opening regions on the display panel coincides with one of the plurality of pixel areas. 10. The display device according to claim 7, further comprising:
a controller, configured to control an electrical signal applied to the first electrode and the second electrode, so that an intensity of the electric field between the first electrode and the second electrode is controlled by controlling the electrical signal, so that the peeping prevention structure is capable of being switched between a first state and a second slate, wherein in the first state, the charged light-absorbing particles are uniformly diffused in the transparent columnar cavity; in the second state, the charged light-absorbing particles are concentrated at an end of the transparent columnar cavity. 11. The display device according to claim 7, wherein, a projection of each of the plurality of transparent columnar cavities on the display panel is within a black matrix of the display panel. 12. A display method of a display device, applied to the display device according to claim 7, comprising:
controlling an electrical signal applied to the first electrode and the second electrode, so that an intensity of the electric field between the first electrode and the second electrode is controlled by controlling the electrical signal, so that the peeping prevention structure is capable of being switched between a first state and a second state, wherein in the first state, the charged light-absorbing particles are uniformly diffused in the transparent columnar cavity; in the second state, the charged light-absorbing particles are concentrated at an end of the transparent columnar cavity. 13. The display method according to claim 12, further comprising:
applying no electrical signal to the first electrode and the second electrode, so that the charged light-absorbing particles are uniformly diffused in the transparent columnar cavity;
applying an electrical signal to the first electrode and the second electrode, so that the charged light-absorbing particles move toward the first electrode or the second electrode and are concentrated at an end of the transparent columnar cavity. 14. A method of manufacturing a peeping prevention structure, comprising:
providing a first substrate, depositing a layer of transparent conductive material on the first substrate as a first electrode; forming a transparent insulating film on the first electrode, and patterning the transparent insulating film to form a plurality of transparent columnar cavities; filling charged light-absorbing particles in each of the plurality of transparent columnar cavities; providing a second substrate, forming a second electrode on the second substrate; assembling the first electrode and the second electrode to form a cell, so that the second electrode faces the first electrode, and the second electrode is in direct contact with the transparent insulating film. 15. The method of manufacturing the peeping prevention structure according to claim 14, wherein filling the charged light-absorbing particles in each of the plurality of transparent columnar cavities comprises:
filling the transparent columnar cavity with liquid, and enabling the charged light-absorbing particles to be filled in the liquid, wherein, a concentration of the charged light-absorbing particles allows the charged light-absorbing particles to be uniformly diffused in an entirety of the transparent columnar cavity and to form a blocking wall that blocks light. 16. The method of manufacturing the peeping prevention structure according to claim 14, wherein, a shape of a cross section of each transparent columnar cavity of the transparent columnar cavities in a plane perpendicular to the first electrode or the second electrode is rectangular or trapezoidal. 17. A display device, comprising:
a display panel; and the peeping prevention structure according to claim 3 attached to a light emitting side of the display panel, wherein, each opening region of the plurality of opening regions of the peeping prevention structure corresponds to at least one pixel area of the display panel. 18. A display device, comprising:
a display panel; and the peeping prevention structure according to claim 4 attached to a light emitting side of the display panel, wherein, each opening region of the plurality of opening regions of the peeping prevention structure corresponds to at least one pixel area of the display panel. 19. A display device, comprising:
a display panel; and the peeping prevention structure according to claim 5 attached to a light emitting side of the display panel, wherein, each opening region of the plurality of opening regions of the peeping prevention structure corresponds to at least one pixel area of the display panel. 20. A display device, comprising:
a display panel; and the peeping prevention structure according to claim 6 attached to a light emitting side of the display panel, wherein, each opening region of the plurality of opening regions of the peeping prevention structure corresponds to at least one pixel area of the display panel. | 1,600 |
345,191 | 16,643,080 | 1,652 | An earplug comprises a core and a sound-attenuating body attached to the core, the sound-attenuating body comprising a tip cavity extending proximally from the tip of the sound-attenuating body and comprising a distal opening. The tip cavity side wall includes a plurality of protrusions extending inwardly toward the longitudinal axis of the core. The plurality of protrusions may include from 2 to 12 protrusions. A method of making an earplug includes covering at least a portion of a core with a material including unactivated foaming agent; inserting an end of the core and at least a portion of the material into a mold cavity; and activating the foaming agent to create a sound-attenuating body. The sound-attenuating body has a base, tip, and tip cavity with a plurality of protrusions. The mold cavity may include a boss with a cup and plurality of cut-outs on the cup for forming the protrusions. | 1. An earplug comprising:
a core comprising a proximal end, a distal end, and a major outer surface and a longitudinal axis extending from the proximal end to the distal end; a sound-attenuating body attached to the major outer surface of the core, the sound-attenuating body comprising a base and a tip, the distal end of the core disposed within the sound-attenuating body and the tip extending distally beyond the distal end of the core; and a tip cavity of the sound-attenuating body extending proximally from the tip and comprising a distal opening, the tip cavity having a volume defined by a side wall formed by the sound-attenuating body and a bottom at least partially formed by the distal end of the core, the tip cavity side wall comprising a plurality of protrusions extending inwardly toward the longitudinal axis. 2. The earplug of claim 1, wherein the plurality of protrusions comprises from 2 to 12 protrusions. 3. (canceled) 4. The earplug of claim 1, wherein each of the of protrusions has a proximal end that contacts the distal end of the core. 5. The earplug of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of protrusions is thermally bonded to the distal end of the core; or
wherein the plurality of protrusions is integrally formed with the sound-attenuating body. 7. The earplug of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of protrusions extends distally from the bottom of the tip cavity. 8. The earplug of claim 1, wherein the plurality of protrusions defines pillars, each pillar individually extending in a plane with the longitudinal axis. 9. The earplug of claim 1, wherein at a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, the tip cavity has a minor radius at an apex of a protrusion and a major radius between adjacent protrusions, wherein the minor radius is from about 15 to about 85% of the major radius. 10. The earplug of claim 1, wherein the tip cavity has a first major cross dimension at a plane at the distal end of the core and a second major cross dimension at a plane adjacent the distal opening, and wherein the first major cross dimension is greater than the second major cross dimension. 11-13. (canceled) 14. The earplug of claim 1, wherein a portion of the distal end of the core is exposed at the bottom of the tip cavity. 15-17. (canceled) 18. The earplug of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of protrusions has a length extending to the distal opening of the tip cavity. 19. The earplug of claim 1, wherein the plurality of protrusions is visible through the distal opening of the tip cavity. 20. The earplug of claim 1, wherein the distal end of the core comprises a non-planar distal surface. 21. (canceled) 22. The earplug of claim 1, wherein the plurality of protrusions has a total volume ranging from about 5 to about 60% of a volume of the tip cavity measured without the plurality of protrusions. 23. The earplug of claim 1, wherein the core is constructed of a first material and the sound-attenuating body is constructed of a second material, wherein the first material is different from the second material. 24. (canceled) 25. The earplug of claim 1, wherein the sound-attenuating body is thermally bonded to at least a portion of the outer major surface of the core; and
wherein the earplug is free of adhesives. 27. (canceled) 28. The earplug of claim 23, wherein the first material comprises a thermoplastic; or
wherein the second material comprises a thermoplastic, a partial thermoset, a thermoset polymer, or a combination thereof. 30. (canceled) 31. (canceled) 32. A method of making an earplug, the method comprising:
covering at least a portion of a major outer surface of a core that comprises a first material with a second material that comprises an unactivated foaming agent, the core comprising a proximal end, a distal end, and a major outer surface and a longitudinal axis extending from the proximal end to the distal end; inserting the distal end of the core and at least a portion of the second material into a mold cavity; and activating the unactivated foaming agent in the mold cavity to form a sound-attenuating body in the mold cavity that is attached to the major outer surface of the core, the sound-attenuating body comprising: a base and a tip, the distal end of the core disposed within the sound-attenuating body and the tip extending distally beyond the distal end of the core; and a tip cavity of the sound-attenuating body extending proximally from the tip and comprising a distal opening, the tip cavity having a volume defined by a side wall formed by the sound-attenuating body and a bottom at least partially formed by the distal end of the core, the tip cavity side wall comprising a plurality of protrusions extending inwardly toward the longitudinal axis. 33. The method of claim 32, wherein a boss extends into the mold cavity, wherein the boss is positioned to contact the first end of the core when the first end of the core is inserted into the mold cavity. 34-36. (canceled) 37. The method of claim 32, wherein the method further comprises deforming the first end of the core in the mold cavity. | An earplug comprises a core and a sound-attenuating body attached to the core, the sound-attenuating body comprising a tip cavity extending proximally from the tip of the sound-attenuating body and comprising a distal opening. The tip cavity side wall includes a plurality of protrusions extending inwardly toward the longitudinal axis of the core. The plurality of protrusions may include from 2 to 12 protrusions. A method of making an earplug includes covering at least a portion of a core with a material including unactivated foaming agent; inserting an end of the core and at least a portion of the material into a mold cavity; and activating the foaming agent to create a sound-attenuating body. The sound-attenuating body has a base, tip, and tip cavity with a plurality of protrusions. The mold cavity may include a boss with a cup and plurality of cut-outs on the cup for forming the protrusions.1. An earplug comprising:
a core comprising a proximal end, a distal end, and a major outer surface and a longitudinal axis extending from the proximal end to the distal end; a sound-attenuating body attached to the major outer surface of the core, the sound-attenuating body comprising a base and a tip, the distal end of the core disposed within the sound-attenuating body and the tip extending distally beyond the distal end of the core; and a tip cavity of the sound-attenuating body extending proximally from the tip and comprising a distal opening, the tip cavity having a volume defined by a side wall formed by the sound-attenuating body and a bottom at least partially formed by the distal end of the core, the tip cavity side wall comprising a plurality of protrusions extending inwardly toward the longitudinal axis. 2. The earplug of claim 1, wherein the plurality of protrusions comprises from 2 to 12 protrusions. 3. (canceled) 4. The earplug of claim 1, wherein each of the of protrusions has a proximal end that contacts the distal end of the core. 5. The earplug of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of protrusions is thermally bonded to the distal end of the core; or
wherein the plurality of protrusions is integrally formed with the sound-attenuating body. 7. The earplug of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of protrusions extends distally from the bottom of the tip cavity. 8. The earplug of claim 1, wherein the plurality of protrusions defines pillars, each pillar individually extending in a plane with the longitudinal axis. 9. The earplug of claim 1, wherein at a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, the tip cavity has a minor radius at an apex of a protrusion and a major radius between adjacent protrusions, wherein the minor radius is from about 15 to about 85% of the major radius. 10. The earplug of claim 1, wherein the tip cavity has a first major cross dimension at a plane at the distal end of the core and a second major cross dimension at a plane adjacent the distal opening, and wherein the first major cross dimension is greater than the second major cross dimension. 11-13. (canceled) 14. The earplug of claim 1, wherein a portion of the distal end of the core is exposed at the bottom of the tip cavity. 15-17. (canceled) 18. The earplug of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of protrusions has a length extending to the distal opening of the tip cavity. 19. The earplug of claim 1, wherein the plurality of protrusions is visible through the distal opening of the tip cavity. 20. The earplug of claim 1, wherein the distal end of the core comprises a non-planar distal surface. 21. (canceled) 22. The earplug of claim 1, wherein the plurality of protrusions has a total volume ranging from about 5 to about 60% of a volume of the tip cavity measured without the plurality of protrusions. 23. The earplug of claim 1, wherein the core is constructed of a first material and the sound-attenuating body is constructed of a second material, wherein the first material is different from the second material. 24. (canceled) 25. The earplug of claim 1, wherein the sound-attenuating body is thermally bonded to at least a portion of the outer major surface of the core; and
wherein the earplug is free of adhesives. 27. (canceled) 28. The earplug of claim 23, wherein the first material comprises a thermoplastic; or
wherein the second material comprises a thermoplastic, a partial thermoset, a thermoset polymer, or a combination thereof. 30. (canceled) 31. (canceled) 32. A method of making an earplug, the method comprising:
covering at least a portion of a major outer surface of a core that comprises a first material with a second material that comprises an unactivated foaming agent, the core comprising a proximal end, a distal end, and a major outer surface and a longitudinal axis extending from the proximal end to the distal end; inserting the distal end of the core and at least a portion of the second material into a mold cavity; and activating the unactivated foaming agent in the mold cavity to form a sound-attenuating body in the mold cavity that is attached to the major outer surface of the core, the sound-attenuating body comprising: a base and a tip, the distal end of the core disposed within the sound-attenuating body and the tip extending distally beyond the distal end of the core; and a tip cavity of the sound-attenuating body extending proximally from the tip and comprising a distal opening, the tip cavity having a volume defined by a side wall formed by the sound-attenuating body and a bottom at least partially formed by the distal end of the core, the tip cavity side wall comprising a plurality of protrusions extending inwardly toward the longitudinal axis. 33. The method of claim 32, wherein a boss extends into the mold cavity, wherein the boss is positioned to contact the first end of the core when the first end of the core is inserted into the mold cavity. 34-36. (canceled) 37. The method of claim 32, wherein the method further comprises deforming the first end of the core in the mold cavity. | 1,600 |
345,192 | 16,643,088 | 1,652 | A powertrain for a pedal vehicle includes a crank axle and an output sprocket rotating around a first rotation axis. The coupling between the crank axle and the output sprocket goes through an epicyclic gear system that includes a ring gear, a planet carrier, and a sun gear (13) which rotate around a second rotation axis that is spatially offset from the first rotation axis. | 1. A powertrain for a pedal vehicle comprising:
a crank axle arranged to rotate around a first rotation axis; an output sprocket arranged to rotate around the first rotation axis; a first motor; a second motor; and an epicyclic gearset including a first gearing element, a second gearing element, and a sun gear;
wherein the crank axle and the second motor are connected to the epicyclic gearset via the first gearing element to form a first input of the epicyclic gearset,
wherein the first motor is connected to the epicyclic gearset via the sun gear to form a second input of the epicyclic gearset,
wherein the second gearing element connects the epicyclic gearset to the output sprocket to form an output of the epicyclic gearset,
wherein the first gearing element, the second gearing element, and the sun gear are arranged to rotate around a same second rotation axis different from the first rotation axis,
further comprising a first one-way clutch arranged to transmit a mechanical power transmission from the crank axle to the output sprocket, and wherein the first one-way clutch is located between the crank axle and the output sprocket, in such a way to prevent the output sprocket from rotating slower than the crank axle. 2. The powertrain according to claim 1, wherein the first gearing element is a ring gear of the epicyclic gearset and the second gearing element is a planet carrier of the epicyclic gearset. 3. The powertrain according to claim 1, wherein the first gearing element is a planet carrier of the epicyclic gearset and the second gearing element is a ring gear of the epicyclic gearset. 4. The powertrain according to claim 1, wherein at least one of:
the crank axle is directly meshed with the first gearing element; a rotor of the second motor is directly meshed with the first gearing element; a rotor of the first motor is attached in a fixed manner to the sun gear; or the second gearing element is directly meshed with the output sprocket. 5. The powertrain according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit configured to use a speed ratio parameter to control the first motor. 6. The powertrain according to claim 5, wherein the control unit is configured to determine a rotation speed setpoint and to impose the rotation speed setpoint to the first motor, the rotation speed setpoint being directly proportional to a rotation speed of the second motor acquired by an element of measurement of an angular position of the second motor and to a speed ratio parameter. 7. The powertrain according to claim 5, wherein the control unit uses a speed ratio parameter and an assistance level parameter of the powertrain to control the second motor. 8. The powertrain according to claim 7, wherein the control unit is configured to determine a current or torque setpoint and to impose the current or torque setpoint to the second motor, the current or torque setpoint being determined as directly proportional to a torque or current of the first motor acquired by an element of measurement of a current of the first motor and being determined based on the speed ratio parameter of the powertrain and on the assistance level parameter of the powertrain. 9. The powertrain according to claim 1, wherein the crank axle and the first gearing element are connected such that the first gearing element rotates faster than the crank axle. 10. The powertrain according to claim 1, wherein the output sprocket and the second gearing element are connected such that the second gearing element rotates faster than the output sprocket. 11. The powertrain according to claim 1, wherein the second motor is connected to the first gearing element such that the first gearing element rotates slower than a rotor of the second motor. 12. The powertrain according to claim 1, further comprising a printed circuit board, and wherein an element of measurement of an angular position of the first motor includes a first sensor, an element of measurement of an angular position of the second motor includes a second sensor, the first sensor and the second sensor being placed on the printed circuit board. 13. The powertrain according to claim 1, further comprising a second one-way clutch arranged to prevent a driving of the crank axle by the second motor in a rotation direction corresponding to forward movement of the pedal vehicle. 14. The powertrain according to claim 1, further comprising at least one of:
an element of measurement of an angular position of the first motor; an element of measurement of an angular position of the second motor; an element of measurement of a current of the first motor; and an element of measurement of a current of the second motor. 15. The powertrain according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit connected to the first motor, and to the second motor, and being configured to control the first motor and the second motor, according to an angular position of the first motor, to an angular position of the second motor, to a current of the first motor, and to a current of the second motor, the control unit being configured to control the second motor according to a current control or to a torque control and to control the first motor according to an angular position control or an angular speed control. 16. A pedal vehicle comprising the powertrain according to claim 1. | A powertrain for a pedal vehicle includes a crank axle and an output sprocket rotating around a first rotation axis. The coupling between the crank axle and the output sprocket goes through an epicyclic gear system that includes a ring gear, a planet carrier, and a sun gear (13) which rotate around a second rotation axis that is spatially offset from the first rotation axis.1. A powertrain for a pedal vehicle comprising:
a crank axle arranged to rotate around a first rotation axis; an output sprocket arranged to rotate around the first rotation axis; a first motor; a second motor; and an epicyclic gearset including a first gearing element, a second gearing element, and a sun gear;
wherein the crank axle and the second motor are connected to the epicyclic gearset via the first gearing element to form a first input of the epicyclic gearset,
wherein the first motor is connected to the epicyclic gearset via the sun gear to form a second input of the epicyclic gearset,
wherein the second gearing element connects the epicyclic gearset to the output sprocket to form an output of the epicyclic gearset,
wherein the first gearing element, the second gearing element, and the sun gear are arranged to rotate around a same second rotation axis different from the first rotation axis,
further comprising a first one-way clutch arranged to transmit a mechanical power transmission from the crank axle to the output sprocket, and wherein the first one-way clutch is located between the crank axle and the output sprocket, in such a way to prevent the output sprocket from rotating slower than the crank axle. 2. The powertrain according to claim 1, wherein the first gearing element is a ring gear of the epicyclic gearset and the second gearing element is a planet carrier of the epicyclic gearset. 3. The powertrain according to claim 1, wherein the first gearing element is a planet carrier of the epicyclic gearset and the second gearing element is a ring gear of the epicyclic gearset. 4. The powertrain according to claim 1, wherein at least one of:
the crank axle is directly meshed with the first gearing element; a rotor of the second motor is directly meshed with the first gearing element; a rotor of the first motor is attached in a fixed manner to the sun gear; or the second gearing element is directly meshed with the output sprocket. 5. The powertrain according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit configured to use a speed ratio parameter to control the first motor. 6. The powertrain according to claim 5, wherein the control unit is configured to determine a rotation speed setpoint and to impose the rotation speed setpoint to the first motor, the rotation speed setpoint being directly proportional to a rotation speed of the second motor acquired by an element of measurement of an angular position of the second motor and to a speed ratio parameter. 7. The powertrain according to claim 5, wherein the control unit uses a speed ratio parameter and an assistance level parameter of the powertrain to control the second motor. 8. The powertrain according to claim 7, wherein the control unit is configured to determine a current or torque setpoint and to impose the current or torque setpoint to the second motor, the current or torque setpoint being determined as directly proportional to a torque or current of the first motor acquired by an element of measurement of a current of the first motor and being determined based on the speed ratio parameter of the powertrain and on the assistance level parameter of the powertrain. 9. The powertrain according to claim 1, wherein the crank axle and the first gearing element are connected such that the first gearing element rotates faster than the crank axle. 10. The powertrain according to claim 1, wherein the output sprocket and the second gearing element are connected such that the second gearing element rotates faster than the output sprocket. 11. The powertrain according to claim 1, wherein the second motor is connected to the first gearing element such that the first gearing element rotates slower than a rotor of the second motor. 12. The powertrain according to claim 1, further comprising a printed circuit board, and wherein an element of measurement of an angular position of the first motor includes a first sensor, an element of measurement of an angular position of the second motor includes a second sensor, the first sensor and the second sensor being placed on the printed circuit board. 13. The powertrain according to claim 1, further comprising a second one-way clutch arranged to prevent a driving of the crank axle by the second motor in a rotation direction corresponding to forward movement of the pedal vehicle. 14. The powertrain according to claim 1, further comprising at least one of:
an element of measurement of an angular position of the first motor; an element of measurement of an angular position of the second motor; an element of measurement of a current of the first motor; and an element of measurement of a current of the second motor. 15. The powertrain according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit connected to the first motor, and to the second motor, and being configured to control the first motor and the second motor, according to an angular position of the first motor, to an angular position of the second motor, to a current of the first motor, and to a current of the second motor, the control unit being configured to control the second motor according to a current control or to a torque control and to control the first motor according to an angular position control or an angular speed control. 16. A pedal vehicle comprising the powertrain according to claim 1. | 1,600 |
345,193 | 16,643,077 | 1,652 | A method for producing a magnetic powder includes the steps of: mixing neodymium oxide, boron, and iron to prepare a first mixture; adding and mixing calcium to the first mixture to prepare a second mixture; mixing an alkali metal with the second mixture to prepare a third mixture; and placing a carbon sheet on the third mixture, placing silica sand (SiO2 sand) thereon, and then heating the same to a temperature of 800° C. to 1100° C. | 1. A method for producing a magnetic powder, comprising:
mixing neodymium oxide, boron, and iron to prepare a first mixture; adding calcium to the first mixture and mixing to prepare a second mixture; mixing an alkali metal with the second mixture to prepare a third mixture; and placing a carbon sheet on the third mixture, placing silica sand thereon, and then heating at a temperature of 800° C. to 1100° C. 2. The method for producing a magnetic powder of claim 1, wherein:
the alkali metal is one or more selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs. 3. The method for producing a magnetic powder of claim 1, wherein:
in the mixing of an alkali metal with the second mixture to prepare a third mixture, a content of the alkali metal is 1 wt % to 20 wt %. 4. The method for producing a magnetic powder of claim 1, wherein:
the produced magnetic powder is Nd2Fe14B. 5. The method for producing a magnetic powder of claim 1, wherein:
in the heating of the third mixture at temperature of 800° C. to 1100° C., a heating time is 10 minutes to 6 hours. 6. The method for producing a magnetic powder of claim 1, wherein:
in the mixing of neodymium oxide, boron, and iron to prepare a first mixture, the first mixture further includes a metal fluoride. 7. The method for producing a magnetic powder of claim 6, wherein:
the metal fluoride is one or more selected from the group consisting of fluorides of alkali metals, alkaline-earth metals, and transition metals. 8. The method for producing a magnetic powder of claim 7, wherein:
the metal fluoride includes one or more metal fluorides selected from the group consisting of CaF2, LiF, AlF3, CoF2, CuF2, CrF3, FeF2, NiF2, GaF3, and ZrF4. 9. The method for producing a magnetic powder of claim 1, wherein:
in the mixing of the neodymium oxide, the boron, and the iron to prepare the first mixture, one or more selected from the group consisting of Group 1 elements, Group 2 elements, and transition metals are further included. 10. The method for producing a magnetic powder of claim 1, wherein:
the produced magnetic powder includes anisotropic crystal grains. 11. A magnetic powder produced by the method of claim 1. 12. The magnetic powder of claim 11, wherein:
the magnetic powder includes anisotropic crystal grains. | A method for producing a magnetic powder includes the steps of: mixing neodymium oxide, boron, and iron to prepare a first mixture; adding and mixing calcium to the first mixture to prepare a second mixture; mixing an alkali metal with the second mixture to prepare a third mixture; and placing a carbon sheet on the third mixture, placing silica sand (SiO2 sand) thereon, and then heating the same to a temperature of 800° C. to 1100° C.1. A method for producing a magnetic powder, comprising:
mixing neodymium oxide, boron, and iron to prepare a first mixture; adding calcium to the first mixture and mixing to prepare a second mixture; mixing an alkali metal with the second mixture to prepare a third mixture; and placing a carbon sheet on the third mixture, placing silica sand thereon, and then heating at a temperature of 800° C. to 1100° C. 2. The method for producing a magnetic powder of claim 1, wherein:
the alkali metal is one or more selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs. 3. The method for producing a magnetic powder of claim 1, wherein:
in the mixing of an alkali metal with the second mixture to prepare a third mixture, a content of the alkali metal is 1 wt % to 20 wt %. 4. The method for producing a magnetic powder of claim 1, wherein:
the produced magnetic powder is Nd2Fe14B. 5. The method for producing a magnetic powder of claim 1, wherein:
in the heating of the third mixture at temperature of 800° C. to 1100° C., a heating time is 10 minutes to 6 hours. 6. The method for producing a magnetic powder of claim 1, wherein:
in the mixing of neodymium oxide, boron, and iron to prepare a first mixture, the first mixture further includes a metal fluoride. 7. The method for producing a magnetic powder of claim 6, wherein:
the metal fluoride is one or more selected from the group consisting of fluorides of alkali metals, alkaline-earth metals, and transition metals. 8. The method for producing a magnetic powder of claim 7, wherein:
the metal fluoride includes one or more metal fluorides selected from the group consisting of CaF2, LiF, AlF3, CoF2, CuF2, CrF3, FeF2, NiF2, GaF3, and ZrF4. 9. The method for producing a magnetic powder of claim 1, wherein:
in the mixing of the neodymium oxide, the boron, and the iron to prepare the first mixture, one or more selected from the group consisting of Group 1 elements, Group 2 elements, and transition metals are further included. 10. The method for producing a magnetic powder of claim 1, wherein:
the produced magnetic powder includes anisotropic crystal grains. 11. A magnetic powder produced by the method of claim 1. 12. The magnetic powder of claim 11, wherein:
the magnetic powder includes anisotropic crystal grains. | 1,600 |
345,194 | 16,643,068 | 1,652 | In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a conveyor skirt system, the system comprising: a support member; a series of skirting panels releasably fixed to the support member; a rail assembly positioned outside the conveyor, extending in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of the conveyor; and a trolley assembly mounted on the rail assembly, the trolley assembly being adapted to engage and support one or more of the skirting panels. | 1. A skirt system for a conveyor, the skirt system comprising:
a skirt panel, having an external face and a working face, the skirt panel being provided with one or more openings; a wear liner, having a mounting face and a wear face, mounted on the working face of the skirt panel, the mounting face having one or more adjustment members extending outwardly therefrom, each adjustment member being adapted to pass through an opening; and one or more height adjustment mechanisms mountable on the external face of the skirt panel, each height adjustment mechanism being adapted to engage with one or more adjustment members, whereby the actuation of the height adjustment mechanism manipulates the position of the wear liner relative to the skirt panel. 2. The skirt system according to claim 1, wherein each height adjustment mechanism is adapted to engage with a single adjustment member. 3. The skirt system according to claim 1, wherein each slot is adapted to receive a single adjustment member. 4. The skirt system according to claim 1, wherein each opening is a slot extending in the vertical plane. 5. The skirt system according to claim 1, wherein the width of the opening is sized to limit the movement of the adjustment members in the horizontal plane. 6. The skirt system according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment mechanism comprises a washer. 7. The skirt system according to claim 6, wherein the washer comprises an aperture adapted to receive an adjustment member therethrough. 8. The skirt system according to claim 7, wherein the location of the aperture is offset from the centre of the washer. 9. The skirt system according to claim 6, wherein the washer is adapted to engage with the skirt panel such that rotational movement of the washer manipulates the position of the adjustment member and wear liner relative to the skirt panel. 10. The skirt system according to claim 6, wherein an outer edge of the washer engages with the skirt panel. 11. The skirt system according to any claim 1, wherein the external face of the skirt panel comprises an engaging portion. 12. A skirt system according to claim 11, wherein the engaging portion is adapted to engage with the outer edge of the washer. 13. The skirt system according to claim 11, wherein the engaging portion is an engagement strip. 14. The skirt system according to claim 13, wherein the engagement strip spans the length of the skirt panel. 15. The skirt system according to claim 1, wherein the outer circumference of the washer is provided with one or more flat sections. 16. The skirt system according to claim 15, wherein curved sections are provided between the flat sections of the washer. 17. The skirt system according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment mechanism is secured to the adjustment member. 18. The skirt system according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment members are bolts extending from the mounting face of the wear liner. 19. The skirt system according to claim 18, wherein the securing of the adjustment mechanism to the bolts, fastens the wear plate to the skirt panel. | In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a conveyor skirt system, the system comprising: a support member; a series of skirting panels releasably fixed to the support member; a rail assembly positioned outside the conveyor, extending in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of the conveyor; and a trolley assembly mounted on the rail assembly, the trolley assembly being adapted to engage and support one or more of the skirting panels.1. A skirt system for a conveyor, the skirt system comprising:
a skirt panel, having an external face and a working face, the skirt panel being provided with one or more openings; a wear liner, having a mounting face and a wear face, mounted on the working face of the skirt panel, the mounting face having one or more adjustment members extending outwardly therefrom, each adjustment member being adapted to pass through an opening; and one or more height adjustment mechanisms mountable on the external face of the skirt panel, each height adjustment mechanism being adapted to engage with one or more adjustment members, whereby the actuation of the height adjustment mechanism manipulates the position of the wear liner relative to the skirt panel. 2. The skirt system according to claim 1, wherein each height adjustment mechanism is adapted to engage with a single adjustment member. 3. The skirt system according to claim 1, wherein each slot is adapted to receive a single adjustment member. 4. The skirt system according to claim 1, wherein each opening is a slot extending in the vertical plane. 5. The skirt system according to claim 1, wherein the width of the opening is sized to limit the movement of the adjustment members in the horizontal plane. 6. The skirt system according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment mechanism comprises a washer. 7. The skirt system according to claim 6, wherein the washer comprises an aperture adapted to receive an adjustment member therethrough. 8. The skirt system according to claim 7, wherein the location of the aperture is offset from the centre of the washer. 9. The skirt system according to claim 6, wherein the washer is adapted to engage with the skirt panel such that rotational movement of the washer manipulates the position of the adjustment member and wear liner relative to the skirt panel. 10. The skirt system according to claim 6, wherein an outer edge of the washer engages with the skirt panel. 11. The skirt system according to any claim 1, wherein the external face of the skirt panel comprises an engaging portion. 12. A skirt system according to claim 11, wherein the engaging portion is adapted to engage with the outer edge of the washer. 13. The skirt system according to claim 11, wherein the engaging portion is an engagement strip. 14. The skirt system according to claim 13, wherein the engagement strip spans the length of the skirt panel. 15. The skirt system according to claim 1, wherein the outer circumference of the washer is provided with one or more flat sections. 16. The skirt system according to claim 15, wherein curved sections are provided between the flat sections of the washer. 17. The skirt system according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment mechanism is secured to the adjustment member. 18. The skirt system according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment members are bolts extending from the mounting face of the wear liner. 19. The skirt system according to claim 18, wherein the securing of the adjustment mechanism to the bolts, fastens the wear plate to the skirt panel. | 1,600 |
345,195 | 16,643,086 | 1,652 | Disclosed is an arcuate pocketed spring (1), comprising a plurality of individual springs (12) connected at intervals, wherein the individual springs (12) are packaged in an arcuate manner in a cloth-like material (13). Compared with traditional pocketed springs, the arcuate pocketed spring has better flexibility. In addition to better flexibility, a pocketed spring mattress formed by combining the pocketed springs (1) of such a structure has more space inside for filling with other functional materials. | 1. An arcuate pocketed spring assembly, comprising a plurality of individual springs connected at intervals, wherein at least a part of the individual springs are packaged in an arcuate shape in a cloth-like material. 2. The arcuate pocketed spring assembly of claim 1, wherein at least one pair of the arcuate individual springs are packaged in the cloth-like material in a manner that concave surfaces of the at least one pair of the arcuate individual springs are opposed in a “( )” shape or in a manner that middle convex surfaces of the at least one pair of the arcuate individual springs are opposed in a “) (” shape. 3. The arcuate pocketed spring assembly of claim 1, wherein each of the arcuate individual springs is independently separated along a curved joint on a profile of the individual spring to form an individual arcuate pocketed spring. 4. The arcuate pocketed spring assembly of claim 1, wherein each of the arcuate individual springs is independently separated along a multi-section linear joint on a profile of the individual spring to form an individual arcuate pocketed spring. 5. The arcuate pocketed spring assembly of claim 1, wherein the individual springs in the arcuate pocketed spring are cylindrical or drum-type springs in a free state. 6. The arcuate pocketed spring assembly of claim 1, wherein a part of the individual springs are packaged in an arcuate manner in the cloth-like material, and another part of the individual springs are packaged in an upright manner in the cloth-like material. 7. The arcuate pocketed spring assembly of claim 1, wherein concave surfaces of the arcuate individual springs are opposed and arranged in a “( )” shape to form middle cavities capable of being filled with various fillers. 8. The arcuate pocketed spring assembly of claim 1, wherein the cloth-like material is a non-woven fabric, a semi-breathable chemical fabric, a non-breathable chemical fabric, or a flexible film. 9. The arcuate pocketed spring assembly of claim 2, wherein concave surfaces of the arcuate individual springs are opposed and arranged in a “( )” shape to form middle cavities capable of being filled with various fillers. | Disclosed is an arcuate pocketed spring (1), comprising a plurality of individual springs (12) connected at intervals, wherein the individual springs (12) are packaged in an arcuate manner in a cloth-like material (13). Compared with traditional pocketed springs, the arcuate pocketed spring has better flexibility. In addition to better flexibility, a pocketed spring mattress formed by combining the pocketed springs (1) of such a structure has more space inside for filling with other functional materials.1. An arcuate pocketed spring assembly, comprising a plurality of individual springs connected at intervals, wherein at least a part of the individual springs are packaged in an arcuate shape in a cloth-like material. 2. The arcuate pocketed spring assembly of claim 1, wherein at least one pair of the arcuate individual springs are packaged in the cloth-like material in a manner that concave surfaces of the at least one pair of the arcuate individual springs are opposed in a “( )” shape or in a manner that middle convex surfaces of the at least one pair of the arcuate individual springs are opposed in a “) (” shape. 3. The arcuate pocketed spring assembly of claim 1, wherein each of the arcuate individual springs is independently separated along a curved joint on a profile of the individual spring to form an individual arcuate pocketed spring. 4. The arcuate pocketed spring assembly of claim 1, wherein each of the arcuate individual springs is independently separated along a multi-section linear joint on a profile of the individual spring to form an individual arcuate pocketed spring. 5. The arcuate pocketed spring assembly of claim 1, wherein the individual springs in the arcuate pocketed spring are cylindrical or drum-type springs in a free state. 6. The arcuate pocketed spring assembly of claim 1, wherein a part of the individual springs are packaged in an arcuate manner in the cloth-like material, and another part of the individual springs are packaged in an upright manner in the cloth-like material. 7. The arcuate pocketed spring assembly of claim 1, wherein concave surfaces of the arcuate individual springs are opposed and arranged in a “( )” shape to form middle cavities capable of being filled with various fillers. 8. The arcuate pocketed spring assembly of claim 1, wherein the cloth-like material is a non-woven fabric, a semi-breathable chemical fabric, a non-breathable chemical fabric, or a flexible film. 9. The arcuate pocketed spring assembly of claim 2, wherein concave surfaces of the arcuate individual springs are opposed and arranged in a “( )” shape to form middle cavities capable of being filled with various fillers. | 1,600 |
345,196 | 16,643,092 | 1,652 | The application relates to a compound having Formula X: which modulates the activity of HER2 and/or a mutant thereof, and/or EGFR and/or a mutant thereof, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound, and a method of treating or preventing a disease in which HER2 and/or a mutant thereof, and/or EGFR and/or a mutant thereof, plays a role. | 1. A compound of Formula X: 2. The compound of claim 1, being of Formula I′: 3. The compound of claim 1 or claim 2, being of Formula I: 4. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, wherein R, is Q-R2′: and R1 is C3-C8 cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more Ra1. 5. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, wherein R2 is Q-R2′; and R1 is heterocyclyl comprising one or two 5- or 6-membered rings and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S optionally substituted with one or more Ra1. 6. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, wherein R2 is Q-R2′; and R1 is phenyl optionally substituted with one or more Ra1. 7. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, wherein R2 is Q-R2′: and R1 is heteroaryl comprising one or two 5- or 6-membered rings and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S optionally substituted with one or more Ra1. 8. The compound of any one of claims 1-7, wherein Q is (CH2)0. 9. The compound of any one of claims 1-7, wherein Q is (CH2)I. 10. The compound of any one of claims 1-9, wherein R2′ is substituted with one Rb1, and the one Rb1 is NR8C(O)R9. 11. The compound of any one of claims 1-9, wherein R2′ is substituted with two or more Rb1, and one Rb1 is NR8C(O)R9. 12. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, wherein R1 is phenyl substituted with one or more Ra2: and R2 is C1-C4 alkyl or C3-C6 cycloalkyl, wherein the alkyl or cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more Rb2. 13. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, wherein R1 is heteroaryl comprising one 5- or 6-membered ring and 1-3 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S substituted with one or more Ra2: and R2 is C1-C4 alkyl or C3-C6 cycloalkyl, wherein the alkyl or cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more Rb2. 14. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, 10, and 11, wherein R1 is substituted with one Ra2, and the one Ra2 is NR8C(O)R9. 15. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, 10, and 11, wherein R1 is substituted with two or more Ra2, and one Ra2 is NR8C(O)R9. 16. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the compound is of Formula Ia, Ia1, or Ia2: 17. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the compound is of Formula Ib or Ib1: 18. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the compound is of Formula Ic or Ic1: 19. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the compound is of Formula Id, Id1, Id2, or Id3: 20. The compound of claim 1 or claim 2, being of Formula Ie1 or Ie2: 21. The compound of claim 20, wherein R8 is independently Ra1a or Ra1b, wherein Ra1a is C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 haloalkoxy, or halogen; and Ra1b is 22. The compound of claim 21, being of Formula Ie3 or Ie4: 24. The compound of claim 21 or claim 22, wherein Ra1a is methyl, ethyl, CHF2, CH2F, CF3, OCH3, OCHF2, OCH2F, OCF3, F, or Cl; and Ra1b is 25. The compound of any one of claims 1-2 and 20-24, wherein R2 is 26. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, selected from Tables 1-6. 27. The compound of claim 1, being of any one of Formulae Xa, Xb, Xc, Xd, and Xe: 28. The compound of claim 1 or claim 27, being selected from Table 6. 29. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of any of the preceding claims, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 30. A method of modulating EGFR or a mutant thereof, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of any of the preceding claims, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 29. 31. A method of modulating HER2 or a mutant thereof, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of any of the preceding claims, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 29. 32. A method of modulating EGFR or a mutant thereof and HER2 or a mutant thereof, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of any of the preceding claims, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 29. 33. A method of treating or preventing a disease or disorder, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of any of the preceding claims, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 29. 34. A compound of any of the preceding claims, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 29, for modulating EGFR or a mutant thereof and/or HER2 or a mutant thereof: or for treating or preventing a disease or disorder. 35. A compound of any of the preceding claims, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 29, for use in the modulation of EGFR or a mutant thereof and/or HER2 or a mutant thereof; or in the treatment or prevention of a disease or disorder. 36. A compound of any of the preceding claims, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 29, for use in the manufacture of a medicament for the modulation of EGFR or a mutant thereof and/or HER2 or a mutant thereof: or for the treatment or prevention of a disease or disorder. 37. Use of a compound of any of the preceding claims, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 29, in the modulation of EGFR or a mutant thereof and/or HER2 or a mutant thereof: or in the treatment or prevention of a disease or disorder. 38. Use of a compound of any of the preceding claims, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 29, in the manufacture of a medicament for the modulation of EGFR or a mutant thereof and/or HER2 or a mutant thereof; or for the treatment or prevention of a disease or disorder. | The application relates to a compound having Formula X: which modulates the activity of HER2 and/or a mutant thereof, and/or EGFR and/or a mutant thereof, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound, and a method of treating or preventing a disease in which HER2 and/or a mutant thereof, and/or EGFR and/or a mutant thereof, plays a role.1. A compound of Formula X: 2. The compound of claim 1, being of Formula I′: 3. The compound of claim 1 or claim 2, being of Formula I: 4. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, wherein R, is Q-R2′: and R1 is C3-C8 cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more Ra1. 5. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, wherein R2 is Q-R2′; and R1 is heterocyclyl comprising one or two 5- or 6-membered rings and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S optionally substituted with one or more Ra1. 6. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, wherein R2 is Q-R2′; and R1 is phenyl optionally substituted with one or more Ra1. 7. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, wherein R2 is Q-R2′: and R1 is heteroaryl comprising one or two 5- or 6-membered rings and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S optionally substituted with one or more Ra1. 8. The compound of any one of claims 1-7, wherein Q is (CH2)0. 9. The compound of any one of claims 1-7, wherein Q is (CH2)I. 10. The compound of any one of claims 1-9, wherein R2′ is substituted with one Rb1, and the one Rb1 is NR8C(O)R9. 11. The compound of any one of claims 1-9, wherein R2′ is substituted with two or more Rb1, and one Rb1 is NR8C(O)R9. 12. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, wherein R1 is phenyl substituted with one or more Ra2: and R2 is C1-C4 alkyl or C3-C6 cycloalkyl, wherein the alkyl or cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more Rb2. 13. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, wherein R1 is heteroaryl comprising one 5- or 6-membered ring and 1-3 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S substituted with one or more Ra2: and R2 is C1-C4 alkyl or C3-C6 cycloalkyl, wherein the alkyl or cycloalkyl is optionally substituted with one or more Rb2. 14. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, 10, and 11, wherein R1 is substituted with one Ra2, and the one Ra2 is NR8C(O)R9. 15. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, 10, and 11, wherein R1 is substituted with two or more Ra2, and one Ra2 is NR8C(O)R9. 16. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the compound is of Formula Ia, Ia1, or Ia2: 17. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the compound is of Formula Ib or Ib1: 18. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the compound is of Formula Ic or Ic1: 19. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the compound is of Formula Id, Id1, Id2, or Id3: 20. The compound of claim 1 or claim 2, being of Formula Ie1 or Ie2: 21. The compound of claim 20, wherein R8 is independently Ra1a or Ra1b, wherein Ra1a is C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 haloalkoxy, or halogen; and Ra1b is 22. The compound of claim 21, being of Formula Ie3 or Ie4: 24. The compound of claim 21 or claim 22, wherein Ra1a is methyl, ethyl, CHF2, CH2F, CF3, OCH3, OCHF2, OCH2F, OCF3, F, or Cl; and Ra1b is 25. The compound of any one of claims 1-2 and 20-24, wherein R2 is 26. The compound of any one of claims 1-3, selected from Tables 1-6. 27. The compound of claim 1, being of any one of Formulae Xa, Xb, Xc, Xd, and Xe: 28. The compound of claim 1 or claim 27, being selected from Table 6. 29. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of any of the preceding claims, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 30. A method of modulating EGFR or a mutant thereof, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of any of the preceding claims, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 29. 31. A method of modulating HER2 or a mutant thereof, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of any of the preceding claims, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 29. 32. A method of modulating EGFR or a mutant thereof and HER2 or a mutant thereof, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of any of the preceding claims, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 29. 33. A method of treating or preventing a disease or disorder, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of any of the preceding claims, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 29. 34. A compound of any of the preceding claims, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 29, for modulating EGFR or a mutant thereof and/or HER2 or a mutant thereof: or for treating or preventing a disease or disorder. 35. A compound of any of the preceding claims, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 29, for use in the modulation of EGFR or a mutant thereof and/or HER2 or a mutant thereof; or in the treatment or prevention of a disease or disorder. 36. A compound of any of the preceding claims, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 29, for use in the manufacture of a medicament for the modulation of EGFR or a mutant thereof and/or HER2 or a mutant thereof: or for the treatment or prevention of a disease or disorder. 37. Use of a compound of any of the preceding claims, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 29, in the modulation of EGFR or a mutant thereof and/or HER2 or a mutant thereof: or in the treatment or prevention of a disease or disorder. 38. Use of a compound of any of the preceding claims, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or the pharmaceutical composition of claim 29, in the manufacture of a medicament for the modulation of EGFR or a mutant thereof and/or HER2 or a mutant thereof; or for the treatment or prevention of a disease or disorder. | 1,600 |
345,197 | 16,643,101 | 1,612 | The present technology generally provides biophotonic silicone membranes and methods useful in the management of scars. In particular, the biophotonic silicone membranes of the present technology are useful in preventing and/or treating post-surgical scar formation. | 1. A biophotonic silicone membrane for use in management of a scar in a subject, the biophotonic silicone membrane comprising: a silicone phase and a surfactant phase, wherein the surfactant phase comprises at least one light-absorbing molecule solubilized in a surfactant. 2. The biophotonic silicone membrane of claim 1, further comprising an adherent side and a non-adherent side. 3. The biophotonic silicone membrane of claim 1 or 2, wherein the scar is post-surgical scar. 4. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the light-absorbing molecule is a xanthene dye. 5. The biophotonic silicone membrane of claim 4, wherein the xanthene dye is selected from Eosin Y, Eosin B, Erythrosine B, Fluorescein, Rose Bengal and Phloxin B. 6. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the light has a peak wavelength between about 400 nm and about 750 nm. 7. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the surfactant phase is emulsified in the silicone phase. 8. The biophotonic silicone membrane method of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the surfactant comprises a block copolymer. 9. The biophotonic silicone membrane of claim 8 wherein the block copolymer comprises at least one hydrophobic block and at least one hydrophilic block. 10. The biophotonic silicone membrane of claim 9, wherein the surfactant phase comprises a surfactant which is thermogellable. 11. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the surfactant is water soluble. 12. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 11 wherein the surfactant comprises at least one sequence of polyethylene glycol-propylene glycol ((PEG)-(PPG)). 13. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the surfactant is a poloxamer. 14. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the silicone phase comprises a soft adhesive silicone. 15. The biophotonic silicone membrane of claim 14, wherein the content of the soft adhesive silicone in the silicone phase is 5-100 wt %. 16. The biophotonic silicone membrane of claim 14 or 15, wherein the silicone phase further comprises a low consistency silicone or a clear low consistency silicone. 17. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 16, comprising about 60-95 wt % silicone phase and about 5-40 wt % surfactant phase, or about 80 wt % silicone phase and about 20 wt % surfactant phase. 18. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the surfactant comprises at least one sequence of (PEG)-(PLA) or (PEG)-(PLGA) or (PEG)-(PCL). 19. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the biophotonic silicone membrane is coated with a layer of soft adhesive silicone. 20. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the silicone in the silicone phase comprises an organopolysiloxane having silicone-bonded alkenyl groups. 21. The biophotonic silicone membrane of claim 20, wherein the organopolysiloxane having silicone-bonded alkenyl groups is dimethylsiloxane capped at both molecular termini with vinyldimethylsilyl groups. 22. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the silicone in the silicone phase comprises an organohydrogensiloxane having an average of two or more silicone-bonded hydrogen atoms in the molecule. 23. The biophotonic silicone membrane of claim 22, wherein the organohydrogensiloxane having an average of two or more silicone-bonded hydrogen atoms in the molecule is dimethylsiloxane and methyl hydrogen siloxane capped at both molecular termini with trimethylsilyl groups. 24. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 23, the silicone in the silicone phase is a silicone elastomer having one or more of: (i) a Shore-A hardness of from about 20 to about 45 as measured in accordance with ASTM D2240 using a type A durometer hardness tester; (ii) a breaking elongation of at least about 800% as measured in accordance with ASTM D412; and (iii) a tensile strength of at least about 15.0 MPa. 25. A method for preventing or treating a scar in a subject in need thereof comprising:
a) placing a biophotonic silicone membrane over a target skin tissue, wherein the biophotonic silicone membrane comprises a silicone phase and a surfactant phase, and wherein the surfactant phase comprises at least one light-absorbing molecule solubilized in a surfactant; and b) illuminating said biophotonic silicone membrane with light having a wavelength that overlaps with an absorption spectrum of the at least one light-absorbing molecule. 26. The method of claim 25, wherein steps a) and b) are performed at least once weekly. 27. The method of claim 25, wherein steps a) and b) are performed at least twice weekly. 28. The method of any one of claims 25 to 27, wherein the light in step b) is illuminated for 5 minutes at two consecutive intervals. 29. The method of claim 28, wherein the two consecutive intervals are separated by a period comprising 1 to 2 minutes without illumination. 30. The method of claim 25, wherein the light in step b) is illuminated for 5 minutes followed by a period of 1 minute without illumination followed by a further illumination period of 5 minutes. 31. The method of any one of claims 25 to 30, wherein the biophotonic silicone membrane comprises an adherent side and a non-adherent side. 32. The method of any one of claims 25 to 31, wherein the target skin tissue is post-surgical skin tissue. 33. The method of any one of claims 25 to 32, wherein the scar is any one or more of a hypertrophic scar, a keloid, a linear scar, a sunken scar, or a stretched scar. 34. The method of any one of claims 25 to 33, wherein the biophotonic silicone membrane is removed after illumination. 35. The method of any one of claims 25 to 34, wherein the biophotonic silicone membrane is left in place after illumination. 36. The method of any one of claims 25 to 35, wherein the light-absorbing molecule at least partially photobleaches after illumination. 37. The method of any one of claims 25 to 35, wherein the light-absorbing molecule photobleaches after illumination. 38. The method of any one of claims 25 to 37, wherein the composition is illuminated until the light-absorbing molecule is at least partially photobleached. 39. The method of any one of claims 25 to 38 wherein the light-absorbing molecule can absorb and/or emit light in the visible range. 40. The method of any one of claims 25 to 39, wherein the light-absorbing molecule is a xanthene dye. 41. The method of claim 40, wherein the xanthene dye is selected from Eosin Y, Eosin B, Erythrosine B, Fluorescein, Rose Bengal and Phloxin B. 42. The method of any one of claims 25 to 41, wherein the light has a peak wavelength between about 400 nm and about 750 nm. 43. The method of any one of claims 25 to 42, wherein the light has a peak wavelength between about 400 nm and about 500 nm. 44. The method of any one of claims 25 to 43, wherein the surfactant phase is emulsified in the silicone phase. 45. The method of any one of claims 25 to 44, wherein the surfactant comprises a block copolymer. 46. The method of claim 45, wherein the block copolymer comprises at least one hydrophobic block and at least one hydrophilic block. 47. The method of claim 46, wherein the surfactant phase comprises a surfactant which is thermogellable. 48. The method of any one of claims 25 to 47, wherein the surfactant is water soluble. 49. The method of any one of claims 25 to 48, wherein the surfactant comprises at least one sequence of polyethylene glycol-propylene glycol ((PEG)-(PPG)). 50. The method of any one of claims 25 to 49, wherein the surfactant is a poloxamer. 51. The method of any one of claims 25 to 50, wherein the silicone phase comprises a soft adhesive silicone. 52. The method of claim 51, wherein the content of the soft adhesive silicone in the silicone phase is 5-100 wt %. 53. The method of claim 51 or 52, wherein the silicone phase further comprises a low consistency silicone or a clear low consistency silicone. 54. The method of any one of claims 25 to 53, comprising about 60-95 wt % silicone phase and about 5-40 wt % surfactant phase, or about 80 wt % silicone phase and about 20 wt % surfactant phase. 55. The method of any one of claims 25 to 54, wherein the surfactant comprises at least one sequence of (PEG)-(PLA) or (PEG)-(PLGA) or (PEG)-(PCL). 56. The method of any one of claims 25 to 55, wherein the biophotonic silicone membrane is coated with a layer of soft adhesive silicone. 57. A kit comprising a biophotonic silicone membrane having a silicone phase and a surfactant phase, and wherein the surfactant phase comprises at least one light-absorbing molecule solubilized in a surfactant; and instructions for performing the method of any one of claims 25 to 56. 58. The kit of claim 57, further comprising a multi-LED lamp. 59. A biophotonic silicone membrane for use in preventing and/or treating a scar in a subject, the biophotonic silicone membrane comprising: a silicone phase and a surfactant phase, wherein the surfactant phase comprises at least one light-absorbing molecule solubilized in a surfactant. | The present technology generally provides biophotonic silicone membranes and methods useful in the management of scars. In particular, the biophotonic silicone membranes of the present technology are useful in preventing and/or treating post-surgical scar formation.1. A biophotonic silicone membrane for use in management of a scar in a subject, the biophotonic silicone membrane comprising: a silicone phase and a surfactant phase, wherein the surfactant phase comprises at least one light-absorbing molecule solubilized in a surfactant. 2. The biophotonic silicone membrane of claim 1, further comprising an adherent side and a non-adherent side. 3. The biophotonic silicone membrane of claim 1 or 2, wherein the scar is post-surgical scar. 4. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the light-absorbing molecule is a xanthene dye. 5. The biophotonic silicone membrane of claim 4, wherein the xanthene dye is selected from Eosin Y, Eosin B, Erythrosine B, Fluorescein, Rose Bengal and Phloxin B. 6. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the light has a peak wavelength between about 400 nm and about 750 nm. 7. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the surfactant phase is emulsified in the silicone phase. 8. The biophotonic silicone membrane method of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the surfactant comprises a block copolymer. 9. The biophotonic silicone membrane of claim 8 wherein the block copolymer comprises at least one hydrophobic block and at least one hydrophilic block. 10. The biophotonic silicone membrane of claim 9, wherein the surfactant phase comprises a surfactant which is thermogellable. 11. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the surfactant is water soluble. 12. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 11 wherein the surfactant comprises at least one sequence of polyethylene glycol-propylene glycol ((PEG)-(PPG)). 13. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the surfactant is a poloxamer. 14. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the silicone phase comprises a soft adhesive silicone. 15. The biophotonic silicone membrane of claim 14, wherein the content of the soft adhesive silicone in the silicone phase is 5-100 wt %. 16. The biophotonic silicone membrane of claim 14 or 15, wherein the silicone phase further comprises a low consistency silicone or a clear low consistency silicone. 17. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 16, comprising about 60-95 wt % silicone phase and about 5-40 wt % surfactant phase, or about 80 wt % silicone phase and about 20 wt % surfactant phase. 18. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the surfactant comprises at least one sequence of (PEG)-(PLA) or (PEG)-(PLGA) or (PEG)-(PCL). 19. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the biophotonic silicone membrane is coated with a layer of soft adhesive silicone. 20. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the silicone in the silicone phase comprises an organopolysiloxane having silicone-bonded alkenyl groups. 21. The biophotonic silicone membrane of claim 20, wherein the organopolysiloxane having silicone-bonded alkenyl groups is dimethylsiloxane capped at both molecular termini with vinyldimethylsilyl groups. 22. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the silicone in the silicone phase comprises an organohydrogensiloxane having an average of two or more silicone-bonded hydrogen atoms in the molecule. 23. The biophotonic silicone membrane of claim 22, wherein the organohydrogensiloxane having an average of two or more silicone-bonded hydrogen atoms in the molecule is dimethylsiloxane and methyl hydrogen siloxane capped at both molecular termini with trimethylsilyl groups. 24. The biophotonic silicone membrane of any one of claims 1 to 23, the silicone in the silicone phase is a silicone elastomer having one or more of: (i) a Shore-A hardness of from about 20 to about 45 as measured in accordance with ASTM D2240 using a type A durometer hardness tester; (ii) a breaking elongation of at least about 800% as measured in accordance with ASTM D412; and (iii) a tensile strength of at least about 15.0 MPa. 25. A method for preventing or treating a scar in a subject in need thereof comprising:
a) placing a biophotonic silicone membrane over a target skin tissue, wherein the biophotonic silicone membrane comprises a silicone phase and a surfactant phase, and wherein the surfactant phase comprises at least one light-absorbing molecule solubilized in a surfactant; and b) illuminating said biophotonic silicone membrane with light having a wavelength that overlaps with an absorption spectrum of the at least one light-absorbing molecule. 26. The method of claim 25, wherein steps a) and b) are performed at least once weekly. 27. The method of claim 25, wherein steps a) and b) are performed at least twice weekly. 28. The method of any one of claims 25 to 27, wherein the light in step b) is illuminated for 5 minutes at two consecutive intervals. 29. The method of claim 28, wherein the two consecutive intervals are separated by a period comprising 1 to 2 minutes without illumination. 30. The method of claim 25, wherein the light in step b) is illuminated for 5 minutes followed by a period of 1 minute without illumination followed by a further illumination period of 5 minutes. 31. The method of any one of claims 25 to 30, wherein the biophotonic silicone membrane comprises an adherent side and a non-adherent side. 32. The method of any one of claims 25 to 31, wherein the target skin tissue is post-surgical skin tissue. 33. The method of any one of claims 25 to 32, wherein the scar is any one or more of a hypertrophic scar, a keloid, a linear scar, a sunken scar, or a stretched scar. 34. The method of any one of claims 25 to 33, wherein the biophotonic silicone membrane is removed after illumination. 35. The method of any one of claims 25 to 34, wherein the biophotonic silicone membrane is left in place after illumination. 36. The method of any one of claims 25 to 35, wherein the light-absorbing molecule at least partially photobleaches after illumination. 37. The method of any one of claims 25 to 35, wherein the light-absorbing molecule photobleaches after illumination. 38. The method of any one of claims 25 to 37, wherein the composition is illuminated until the light-absorbing molecule is at least partially photobleached. 39. The method of any one of claims 25 to 38 wherein the light-absorbing molecule can absorb and/or emit light in the visible range. 40. The method of any one of claims 25 to 39, wherein the light-absorbing molecule is a xanthene dye. 41. The method of claim 40, wherein the xanthene dye is selected from Eosin Y, Eosin B, Erythrosine B, Fluorescein, Rose Bengal and Phloxin B. 42. The method of any one of claims 25 to 41, wherein the light has a peak wavelength between about 400 nm and about 750 nm. 43. The method of any one of claims 25 to 42, wherein the light has a peak wavelength between about 400 nm and about 500 nm. 44. The method of any one of claims 25 to 43, wherein the surfactant phase is emulsified in the silicone phase. 45. The method of any one of claims 25 to 44, wherein the surfactant comprises a block copolymer. 46. The method of claim 45, wherein the block copolymer comprises at least one hydrophobic block and at least one hydrophilic block. 47. The method of claim 46, wherein the surfactant phase comprises a surfactant which is thermogellable. 48. The method of any one of claims 25 to 47, wherein the surfactant is water soluble. 49. The method of any one of claims 25 to 48, wherein the surfactant comprises at least one sequence of polyethylene glycol-propylene glycol ((PEG)-(PPG)). 50. The method of any one of claims 25 to 49, wherein the surfactant is a poloxamer. 51. The method of any one of claims 25 to 50, wherein the silicone phase comprises a soft adhesive silicone. 52. The method of claim 51, wherein the content of the soft adhesive silicone in the silicone phase is 5-100 wt %. 53. The method of claim 51 or 52, wherein the silicone phase further comprises a low consistency silicone or a clear low consistency silicone. 54. The method of any one of claims 25 to 53, comprising about 60-95 wt % silicone phase and about 5-40 wt % surfactant phase, or about 80 wt % silicone phase and about 20 wt % surfactant phase. 55. The method of any one of claims 25 to 54, wherein the surfactant comprises at least one sequence of (PEG)-(PLA) or (PEG)-(PLGA) or (PEG)-(PCL). 56. The method of any one of claims 25 to 55, wherein the biophotonic silicone membrane is coated with a layer of soft adhesive silicone. 57. A kit comprising a biophotonic silicone membrane having a silicone phase and a surfactant phase, and wherein the surfactant phase comprises at least one light-absorbing molecule solubilized in a surfactant; and instructions for performing the method of any one of claims 25 to 56. 58. The kit of claim 57, further comprising a multi-LED lamp. 59. A biophotonic silicone membrane for use in preventing and/or treating a scar in a subject, the biophotonic silicone membrane comprising: a silicone phase and a surfactant phase, wherein the surfactant phase comprises at least one light-absorbing molecule solubilized in a surfactant. | 1,600 |
345,198 | 16,643,067 | 1,612 | A power generation plant includes a support structure formed by supporting piles aligned fastened to the ground, such structure being a bi-dimensional structure placed on an agricultural land, with any orientation. The power generation plant further includes a handling system for solar energy receptor devices placed on the piles arranged in a row, adapted to allow the handling of such devices around at least a first axis. The plant also includes one or more greenhouses for intensive cultivation of agricultural products, on the ground beneath such receptor devices, between rows of adjacent piles. | 1. A power generation plant comprising:
a support structure formed by a plurality of supporting piles aligned fixed to the ground, said support structure being a bi-dimensional structure placed on an agricultural land, with any orientation, a handling system configured for a plurality of solar energy receptor devices placed on the plurality of supporting piles arranged in a row, adapted to allow movement of said receptor devices around at least a first axis, wherein said plant comprises on the ground beneath said receptor devices, between rows of adjacent supporting piles, at least one greenhouse configured for intensive cultivation of agricultural products, and said handling system comprising an electronic processing unit capable of controlling the movement of receptor devices and automatic equipment for intensive greenhouse cultivation using a software configured for calculating the shading of receptor devices, the indoor conditions of the greenhouse according to predetermined parameters, the agricultural yield, and energy production, on the basis of current and anticipated data, and configured for calculating achievement of the best greenhouse energy balance, taking into account agricultural needs, said plant further comprising a plurality of monitoring devices configured to monitor environmental conditions in said plant outside the greenhouse, wherein said electronic processing unit is configured to control movement of the receptor devices, control equipment to regulate conditions inside the greenhouse, i.e. depending on the type of crop being implanted, by optimizing the greenhouse energy balance based on such conditions, said electronic processing unit receiving data from said monitoring devices and controls movement of the receptor devices and equipment in order to regulate conditions inside the greenhouse according to the type of crop being implanted. 2. The plant according to claim 1, wherein said equipment comprises at least one of the following devices: air conditioning devices inside the greenhouse, humidifier/dehumidifier devices, shading devices for greenhouse glasses, artificial lighting devices, ventilation devices, motorized windows, mobile thermal screens, irrigation devices, rainwater recovery, power storage devices,. and heat storage devices. 3. (canceled) 4. (canceled) 5. The plant according to claim 1, wherein said monitoring devices comprise at least one of the following sensors: sensors of temperature inside/outside the greenhouse, sensors of humidity inside/outside the greenhouse, soil humidity sensors, gauges of air velocity inside the greenhouse, luminosity sensors, sensors for checking dew point, CO2 concentration sensors, wind speed and direction gauges and rain sensors, rain sensors, solar radiation, and atmospheric pressure sensors. 6. (canceled) 7. The plant according to claim 1, wherein the receptor devices are photovoltaic panels. 8. The plant according to claim 1, wherein the receptor devices rotate around a second axis, substantially orthogonal to said first axis. 9. The plant according to claim 8, wherein said handling system comprises a rotating main profile around said first axis, to which a plurality of secondary profiles associated with said main profile are connected, the receptor devices being fixed on said secondary profiles. 10. The plant according to claim 1, wherein said electronic processing unit adjusts the various devices achieving a balance between energy production and agricultural production. 11. The plant according to claim 10, wherein system optimization is achieved using the production forecasts of an energy component of the receptor devices and of an agricultural component resulting from weather forecasts and changes in the parameters of the greenhouse. | A power generation plant includes a support structure formed by supporting piles aligned fastened to the ground, such structure being a bi-dimensional structure placed on an agricultural land, with any orientation. The power generation plant further includes a handling system for solar energy receptor devices placed on the piles arranged in a row, adapted to allow the handling of such devices around at least a first axis. The plant also includes one or more greenhouses for intensive cultivation of agricultural products, on the ground beneath such receptor devices, between rows of adjacent piles.1. A power generation plant comprising:
a support structure formed by a plurality of supporting piles aligned fixed to the ground, said support structure being a bi-dimensional structure placed on an agricultural land, with any orientation, a handling system configured for a plurality of solar energy receptor devices placed on the plurality of supporting piles arranged in a row, adapted to allow movement of said receptor devices around at least a first axis, wherein said plant comprises on the ground beneath said receptor devices, between rows of adjacent supporting piles, at least one greenhouse configured for intensive cultivation of agricultural products, and said handling system comprising an electronic processing unit capable of controlling the movement of receptor devices and automatic equipment for intensive greenhouse cultivation using a software configured for calculating the shading of receptor devices, the indoor conditions of the greenhouse according to predetermined parameters, the agricultural yield, and energy production, on the basis of current and anticipated data, and configured for calculating achievement of the best greenhouse energy balance, taking into account agricultural needs, said plant further comprising a plurality of monitoring devices configured to monitor environmental conditions in said plant outside the greenhouse, wherein said electronic processing unit is configured to control movement of the receptor devices, control equipment to regulate conditions inside the greenhouse, i.e. depending on the type of crop being implanted, by optimizing the greenhouse energy balance based on such conditions, said electronic processing unit receiving data from said monitoring devices and controls movement of the receptor devices and equipment in order to regulate conditions inside the greenhouse according to the type of crop being implanted. 2. The plant according to claim 1, wherein said equipment comprises at least one of the following devices: air conditioning devices inside the greenhouse, humidifier/dehumidifier devices, shading devices for greenhouse glasses, artificial lighting devices, ventilation devices, motorized windows, mobile thermal screens, irrigation devices, rainwater recovery, power storage devices,. and heat storage devices. 3. (canceled) 4. (canceled) 5. The plant according to claim 1, wherein said monitoring devices comprise at least one of the following sensors: sensors of temperature inside/outside the greenhouse, sensors of humidity inside/outside the greenhouse, soil humidity sensors, gauges of air velocity inside the greenhouse, luminosity sensors, sensors for checking dew point, CO2 concentration sensors, wind speed and direction gauges and rain sensors, rain sensors, solar radiation, and atmospheric pressure sensors. 6. (canceled) 7. The plant according to claim 1, wherein the receptor devices are photovoltaic panels. 8. The plant according to claim 1, wherein the receptor devices rotate around a second axis, substantially orthogonal to said first axis. 9. The plant according to claim 8, wherein said handling system comprises a rotating main profile around said first axis, to which a plurality of secondary profiles associated with said main profile are connected, the receptor devices being fixed on said secondary profiles. 10. The plant according to claim 1, wherein said electronic processing unit adjusts the various devices achieving a balance between energy production and agricultural production. 11. The plant according to claim 10, wherein system optimization is achieved using the production forecasts of an energy component of the receptor devices and of an agricultural component resulting from weather forecasts and changes in the parameters of the greenhouse. | 1,600 |
345,199 | 16,643,040 | 1,612 | Disclosed is a compound of Formula (I), or a stereoisomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising thereof. Also disclosed is a method of treating PI3Kδ related disorders or diseases by using the compound disclosed herein. | 1. A compound of Formula W, 2. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1 is —NH2. 3. The compound of claim 1, wherein R2 is independently hydrogen, halogen, —C1-6alkyl, C3-6cycloalkyl or C6-10 aryl, and wherein —C1-6alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl and C6-10 aryl are each independently optionally substituted with at least one substituent R11a. 4. The compound of claim 3, wherein R2 is C1-6alkyl. 5. The compound of claim 1, wherein R3 and R4 are each independently hydrogen or —C1-6alkyl. 6. The compound of claim 5, wherein R3 is hydrogen, and R4 is —C1-6alkyl. 7. The compound of claim 1, wherein R5 and R6, which may be the same or different, are each independently hydrogen, halogen, —C1-6alkyl, —C2-6alkenyl, —C2-6alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, wherein said —C1-6alkyl, —C2-6alkenyl, —C2-6alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or heteroaryl are each independently optionally substituted with at least one substituent R11b, wherein R11b is halogen. 8. The compound of claim 1, wherein R5 and R6 are each independently hydrogen, halogen, or —C1-6alkyl. 9. The compound of claim 8, wherein R5 and R6 are both hydrogen. 10. The compound of claim 1, wherein R7, R8 and R10, which may be the same or different, are each independently hydrogen, halogen, —C1-6alkyl, —C2-6alkenyl, —C2-6alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or —OR12; wherein said —C1-6alkyl, —C2-6alkenyl, —C2-6alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or heteroaryl are each independently optionally substituted with at least one substituent R11c, wherein R11c is halogen. 11. The compound of claim 10, wherein R7 and R8 are each independently hydrogen, halogen or —C1-6alkyl, and R10 is —OR12. 12. The compound of any one of claims 1-11, wherein R9 is —CONR12R13, wherein R12 and R13 are as defined in claim 1. 13. The compound of claim 12, wherein R12 and R13 are each hydrogen or C1-6alklyl optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 14. The compound of claim 13, wherein R12 and R13 are each hydrogen or methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl, each optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 15. The compound of claim 12 or claim 13, wherein R15 is hydrogen, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl, —OR16, or —NR16R17, wherein R16 and R17 are as defined in claim 1 and wherein said cycloalkyl, aryl, or heterocyclyl are each independently optionally substituted with halogen, R19, —OR19, COR19, —SO2R19, or —CO2R19, wherein R19 is as defined in claim 1. 16. The compound of claim 12 or claim 13, wherein R12 is hydrogen and R13 is C1-6alklyl optionally substituted with one substituent R15, which is heterocyclyl optionally substituted with halogen, R19, —OR19, —COR19, —SO2R19, or —CO2R19 wherein R19 is as defined in claim 1. 17. The compound of claim 16, wherein the heterocyclyl group is a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7- or 8-membered saturated monocyclic ring comprising one nitrogen heteroatom or a 5-, 6-, 7- or 8-membered saturated monocyclic ring comprising one nitrogen atom and 1 additional heteroatom selected from —NH, —O—, —S—, —SO— or SO2—, optionally substituted with halogen, R19, —OR19, —COR19, —SO2R19, or —CO2R19, wherein R19 is as defined in Formula (I). 18. The compound of claim 17, wherein the heterocyclyl group is piperidinyl or piperazinyl group optionally substituted with halogen or C1-6alkyl. 19. The compound of claim 12, wherein R12 is hydrogen, and R13 is cycloalkyl optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 20. The compound of claim 19, wherein R13 is a C3-C8 cycloalkyl optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 21. The compound of claim 20, wherein R13 is a cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl, each optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 22. The compound of any one of claims 19-21, wherein R15 is —OR16, —CO2R16 or —C1-6alkyl-NR16R17, or —C1-6alkyl optionally substituted with OR19, wherein R16 and R17 together with the atom(s) to which they are attached may optionally form a 5- to 8-membered saturated ring comprising 0, 1 or 2 additional heteroatoms independently selected from —NH, and said ring is optionally substituted with at least one substituent R19, and wherein R16, R17 and R19 are as defined in claim 1. 23. The compound of claim 12, wherein R12 is hydrogen, and R13 is a 5- to 8-membered heterocyclyl comprising 1 or 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from O, NH, S, SO, or SO2, optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 24. The compound of claim 23, wherein R13 is a 6-membered heterocyclyl comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from O or NH, optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 25. The compound of claim 24, wherein R13 is tetrahydrofurfuryl or tetrahydropyranyl, each optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 26. The compound of any one of claims 23-25, Wherein R15 is halogen or —C1-6alkyl. 27. The compound of claim 12, wherein R12 is hydrogen, and R13 is an aryl group selected from phenyl and naphthyl, optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 28. The compound of claim 27, wherein R15 is halogen, —C1-6alkyl, —OR16, or heterocyclyl optionally substituted with halogen, R19, or —OR19, wherein R16 and R19 are as defined in claim 1. 29. The compound of claim 12, wherein R12 and R13 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3- to 12-membered saturated, partially or fully unsaturated ring comprising 0, 1 or 2 additional heteroatoms independently selected from —NH, —O—, —S—, —SO— or —SO2—, and said ring is optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 30. The compound of claim 29, wherein R12 and R13 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 4-, or 5- or 6- or 7- or 8-membered saturated monocyclic ring comprising 0 additional heteroatom, and said ring is optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 31. The compound of claim 30, wherein R15 is halogen, —OR16, —CO2R16, or —C1-6alkyl optionally substituted with —OR19, wherein R16 and R19 are as defined in claim 1. 32. The compound of claim 29, wherein R12 and R13 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 5-, 6-, 7- or 8-membered saturated monocyclic ring comprising 1 additional heteroatom selected from —NH, —O—, —S—, —SO— or —SO2—, and said ring is optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 33. The compound of claim 32, wherein R12 and R13 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a morpholines, morpholinyl or piperazinyl ring, each of which is optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 34. The compound of claim 32 or 33, wherein R15 is hydrogen, halogen, —C1-6alkyl, or cycloalkyl, wherein said C1-6alkyl, or cycloalkyl are each independently optionally substituted with halogen, R19, —OR19, COR19, or —CO2R19, wherein R19 is as defined in claim 1. 35. The compound of claim 29, wherein R12 and R13 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 7- to 12-membered saturated bicyclic ring comprising 0 or 1 or 2 additional heteroatoms selected from —N, —O—, —S—, —SO— or —SO2—, and said ring is optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 36. The compound of claim 35, wherein the ring is a bicyclic bridged or spiro-ring optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 37. The compound of claim 36, wherein the ring is 38. The compound of claim 12, wherein R9 is 39. The compound of any one of claims 12-38, wherein R10 is methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, or isopropoxy. 40. The compound of claim 39, wherein R10 is isopropoxy. 41. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 40, wherein the carbon atom to which R3 and R4 are attached is in (S)-configuration when R3 and R4 are different. 42. The compound of claim 1, which is: 43. The compound of claim 1, which is: 44. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of claims 1-43, a stereoisomer thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. 45. A method for treating or preventing a disorder or a disease responsive to the inhibition of PI3Kδ activity in a subject, comprising administering to the subject a compound of any one of claims 1 to 43, or a stereoisomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 46. The method of claim 45, wherein the disorder or disease is an inflammatory disorder, an autoimmune disease, or a cancer. 47. The method of claim 45, wherein the disorder or disease is selected from the group consisting of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), autoimmune hemolytic anemia, vasculitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, lupus nephritis, pemphigus, membranous nephropathy, acute lymphocytic hemolytic (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), multiple myeloma (MM), hairy cell leukemia, Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), follicular lymphoma, lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, extranodal marginal zone lymphoma, activated B-cell like (ABC) diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), or germinal center B cell (GCB) diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), T-cell lymphoma, B-cell lymphoma, myelodysplasia syndrome (MDS), myeloproliferative disease (MPD) follicular lymphoma, Waldestrom's macroglobulinemia (WM), pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, renal cancer, hepatocellular cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, head and neck cancer, melanoma, neuroendocrine cancer, CNS cancer, brain cancer, bone cancer, soft tissue sarcoma, non-small cell lung cancer, small-cell lung cancer, colon cancer, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), myestenia gravis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, multiple sclerosis (MS), Sjoegren's syndrome, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, asthma, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or lupus. | Disclosed is a compound of Formula (I), or a stereoisomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising thereof. Also disclosed is a method of treating PI3Kδ related disorders or diseases by using the compound disclosed herein.1. A compound of Formula W, 2. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1 is —NH2. 3. The compound of claim 1, wherein R2 is independently hydrogen, halogen, —C1-6alkyl, C3-6cycloalkyl or C6-10 aryl, and wherein —C1-6alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl and C6-10 aryl are each independently optionally substituted with at least one substituent R11a. 4. The compound of claim 3, wherein R2 is C1-6alkyl. 5. The compound of claim 1, wherein R3 and R4 are each independently hydrogen or —C1-6alkyl. 6. The compound of claim 5, wherein R3 is hydrogen, and R4 is —C1-6alkyl. 7. The compound of claim 1, wherein R5 and R6, which may be the same or different, are each independently hydrogen, halogen, —C1-6alkyl, —C2-6alkenyl, —C2-6alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, wherein said —C1-6alkyl, —C2-6alkenyl, —C2-6alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or heteroaryl are each independently optionally substituted with at least one substituent R11b, wherein R11b is halogen. 8. The compound of claim 1, wherein R5 and R6 are each independently hydrogen, halogen, or —C1-6alkyl. 9. The compound of claim 8, wherein R5 and R6 are both hydrogen. 10. The compound of claim 1, wherein R7, R8 and R10, which may be the same or different, are each independently hydrogen, halogen, —C1-6alkyl, —C2-6alkenyl, —C2-6alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or —OR12; wherein said —C1-6alkyl, —C2-6alkenyl, —C2-6alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or heteroaryl are each independently optionally substituted with at least one substituent R11c, wherein R11c is halogen. 11. The compound of claim 10, wherein R7 and R8 are each independently hydrogen, halogen or —C1-6alkyl, and R10 is —OR12. 12. The compound of any one of claims 1-11, wherein R9 is —CONR12R13, wherein R12 and R13 are as defined in claim 1. 13. The compound of claim 12, wherein R12 and R13 are each hydrogen or C1-6alklyl optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 14. The compound of claim 13, wherein R12 and R13 are each hydrogen or methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or isopropyl, each optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 15. The compound of claim 12 or claim 13, wherein R15 is hydrogen, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl, —OR16, or —NR16R17, wherein R16 and R17 are as defined in claim 1 and wherein said cycloalkyl, aryl, or heterocyclyl are each independently optionally substituted with halogen, R19, —OR19, COR19, —SO2R19, or —CO2R19, wherein R19 is as defined in claim 1. 16. The compound of claim 12 or claim 13, wherein R12 is hydrogen and R13 is C1-6alklyl optionally substituted with one substituent R15, which is heterocyclyl optionally substituted with halogen, R19, —OR19, —COR19, —SO2R19, or —CO2R19 wherein R19 is as defined in claim 1. 17. The compound of claim 16, wherein the heterocyclyl group is a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7- or 8-membered saturated monocyclic ring comprising one nitrogen heteroatom or a 5-, 6-, 7- or 8-membered saturated monocyclic ring comprising one nitrogen atom and 1 additional heteroatom selected from —NH, —O—, —S—, —SO— or SO2—, optionally substituted with halogen, R19, —OR19, —COR19, —SO2R19, or —CO2R19, wherein R19 is as defined in Formula (I). 18. The compound of claim 17, wherein the heterocyclyl group is piperidinyl or piperazinyl group optionally substituted with halogen or C1-6alkyl. 19. The compound of claim 12, wherein R12 is hydrogen, and R13 is cycloalkyl optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 20. The compound of claim 19, wherein R13 is a C3-C8 cycloalkyl optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 21. The compound of claim 20, wherein R13 is a cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl, each optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 22. The compound of any one of claims 19-21, wherein R15 is —OR16, —CO2R16 or —C1-6alkyl-NR16R17, or —C1-6alkyl optionally substituted with OR19, wherein R16 and R17 together with the atom(s) to which they are attached may optionally form a 5- to 8-membered saturated ring comprising 0, 1 or 2 additional heteroatoms independently selected from —NH, and said ring is optionally substituted with at least one substituent R19, and wherein R16, R17 and R19 are as defined in claim 1. 23. The compound of claim 12, wherein R12 is hydrogen, and R13 is a 5- to 8-membered heterocyclyl comprising 1 or 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from O, NH, S, SO, or SO2, optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 24. The compound of claim 23, wherein R13 is a 6-membered heterocyclyl comprising 1 or 2 heteroatoms selected from O or NH, optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 25. The compound of claim 24, wherein R13 is tetrahydrofurfuryl or tetrahydropyranyl, each optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 26. The compound of any one of claims 23-25, Wherein R15 is halogen or —C1-6alkyl. 27. The compound of claim 12, wherein R12 is hydrogen, and R13 is an aryl group selected from phenyl and naphthyl, optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 28. The compound of claim 27, wherein R15 is halogen, —C1-6alkyl, —OR16, or heterocyclyl optionally substituted with halogen, R19, or —OR19, wherein R16 and R19 are as defined in claim 1. 29. The compound of claim 12, wherein R12 and R13 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 3- to 12-membered saturated, partially or fully unsaturated ring comprising 0, 1 or 2 additional heteroatoms independently selected from —NH, —O—, —S—, —SO— or —SO2—, and said ring is optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 30. The compound of claim 29, wherein R12 and R13 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 4-, or 5- or 6- or 7- or 8-membered saturated monocyclic ring comprising 0 additional heteroatom, and said ring is optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 31. The compound of claim 30, wherein R15 is halogen, —OR16, —CO2R16, or —C1-6alkyl optionally substituted with —OR19, wherein R16 and R19 are as defined in claim 1. 32. The compound of claim 29, wherein R12 and R13 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 5-, 6-, 7- or 8-membered saturated monocyclic ring comprising 1 additional heteroatom selected from —NH, —O—, —S—, —SO— or —SO2—, and said ring is optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 33. The compound of claim 32, wherein R12 and R13 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a morpholines, morpholinyl or piperazinyl ring, each of which is optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 34. The compound of claim 32 or 33, wherein R15 is hydrogen, halogen, —C1-6alkyl, or cycloalkyl, wherein said C1-6alkyl, or cycloalkyl are each independently optionally substituted with halogen, R19, —OR19, COR19, or —CO2R19, wherein R19 is as defined in claim 1. 35. The compound of claim 29, wherein R12 and R13 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 7- to 12-membered saturated bicyclic ring comprising 0 or 1 or 2 additional heteroatoms selected from —N, —O—, —S—, —SO— or —SO2—, and said ring is optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 36. The compound of claim 35, wherein the ring is a bicyclic bridged or spiro-ring optionally substituted with at least one substituent R15. 37. The compound of claim 36, wherein the ring is 38. The compound of claim 12, wherein R9 is 39. The compound of any one of claims 12-38, wherein R10 is methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, or isopropoxy. 40. The compound of claim 39, wherein R10 is isopropoxy. 41. The compound of any one of claims 1 to 40, wherein the carbon atom to which R3 and R4 are attached is in (S)-configuration when R3 and R4 are different. 42. The compound of claim 1, which is: 43. The compound of claim 1, which is: 44. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of claims 1-43, a stereoisomer thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. 45. A method for treating or preventing a disorder or a disease responsive to the inhibition of PI3Kδ activity in a subject, comprising administering to the subject a compound of any one of claims 1 to 43, or a stereoisomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 46. The method of claim 45, wherein the disorder or disease is an inflammatory disorder, an autoimmune disease, or a cancer. 47. The method of claim 45, wherein the disorder or disease is selected from the group consisting of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), autoimmune hemolytic anemia, vasculitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, lupus nephritis, pemphigus, membranous nephropathy, acute lymphocytic hemolytic (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), multiple myeloma (MM), hairy cell leukemia, Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), follicular lymphoma, lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, extranodal marginal zone lymphoma, activated B-cell like (ABC) diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), or germinal center B cell (GCB) diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), T-cell lymphoma, B-cell lymphoma, myelodysplasia syndrome (MDS), myeloproliferative disease (MPD) follicular lymphoma, Waldestrom's macroglobulinemia (WM), pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, renal cancer, hepatocellular cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, head and neck cancer, melanoma, neuroendocrine cancer, CNS cancer, brain cancer, bone cancer, soft tissue sarcoma, non-small cell lung cancer, small-cell lung cancer, colon cancer, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), myestenia gravis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, multiple sclerosis (MS), Sjoegren's syndrome, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, asthma, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or lupus. | 1,600 |
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