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342,700 | 16,642,416 | 2,616 | A locating system for determining a current position in an elevator shaft of an elevator system extending in a main extension direction includes a first distance sensor by which a first distance and a second distance, which second distance is perpendicular to the first distance, from a first reference element can be measured, as well as a tilt sensor by which a rotation about a horizontal first axis and a horizontal second axis perpendicular to the first axis can be measured, and a measuring system by which a position of the locating system can be determined in the main extension direction of the elevator shaft. | 1-15. (canceled) 16. A locating system for determining a current position thereof in an elevator shaft of an elevator installation extending in a main extension direction, the locating system comprising:
a first distance sensor for measuring a first distance and a second distance of the locating system, the second distance being perpendicular to the first distance, from a first reference element in the elevator shaft, wherein the first distance scanner is constructed as a 2D profile scanner; a tilt sensor for measuring a rotation of the locating system about a horizontally extending first axis and a horizontally extending second axis that is perpendicular to the first axis; a measuring system for determining a position of the locating system relative to the main extension direction of the elevator shaft; and means for generating an indication of the current position of the locating system based upon the measured first and second distances, the measured rotation and the determined position relative to the main extension direction wherein the first distance sensor remains in a fixed position relative to the first reference element when measuring the first and second distances. 17. The locating system according to claim 16 wherein the first distance sensor is arranged to measure the first and second distances from two reference points on the first reference element, the two reference points being arranged in a defined relationship to one another. 18. The locating system according to claim 16 wherein the first distance sensor is arranged to measure a third distance and a fourth distance, the fourth distance being perpendicular to the third distance, from a second reference element in the elevator shaft, the first reference element and the second reference element being arranged in a defined relationship to one another. 19. The locating system according to claim 16 including a second distance sensor for measuring a third distance and a fourth distance, the fourth distance being perpendicular to the third distance, from a second reference element in the elevator shaft, the first reference element and the second reference element being arranged in a defined relationship to one another. 20. The locating system according to claim 19 wherein the second distance sensor is constructed as a 2D profile scanner. 21. An installation device for carrying out an installation process in an elevator shaft of an elevator installation comprising the locating system according to claim 16 arranged on the installation device and the installation device being movable in the elevator shaft. 22. The installation device according to claim 21 including a carrier component and an installation component, the carrier component being movable relative to the elevator shaft and positioned at different heights within the elevator shaft, the installation component being retained on the carrier component and being adapted to carry out an installation step as part of the installation process at least partially automatically, and wherein the locating system is arranged on the carrier component. 23. The installation device according to claim 22 including a sensor arranged on the installation component for measuring a distance from the first reference element and a control apparatus for determining:
a relative position of the installation device in a fixing position with respect to the first reference element in the elevator shaft using the sensor arranged on the installation component;
a relative position of the first reference element with respect to at least two different positions of the sensor arranged on the installation component corresponding to associated positions of the installation device; and
the fixing position in the elevator shaft based on the determined relative position of the installation device with respect to the first reference element. 24. A method for determining a current position of a locating system in an elevator shaft of an elevator installation extending in a main extension direction, the method comprising the following steps:
inserting an elongate first reference element into the elevator shaft aligned in the main extension direction of the elevator shaft; measuring a first distance and a second distance of the locating system, which second distance is perpendicular to the first distance, from the first reference element using a first distance sensor; measuring a rotation of the locating system about a horizontally extending first axis and a horizontally extending second axis that is perpendicular to the first axis; determining a position of the locating system in the main extension direction of the elevator shaft; determining a current position of the locating system based on the first distance, the second distance, the rotation, and the position in the main extension direction of the elevator shaft; and wherein the first distance sensor remains in a fixed position relative to the first reference element when measuring the first distance and the second distance. 25. The method according to claim 24 including measuring the first and second distances from two reference points on the first reference element with the first distance sensor, the two reference points being arranged in a defined relationship to one another. 26. The method according to claim 24 including measuring a third distance and a fourth distance, the fourth distance being perpendicular to the third distance, from an elongate second reference element in the elevator shaft with the first distance sensor, the first reference element and the second reference element being arranged in a defined relationship to one another. 27. The method according to claim 26 including fastening a first mounting plate in the elevator shaft and fastening first ends of the first and second reference elements to the first mounting plate. 28. The method according to claim 27 including fastening a second mounting plate in the elevator shaft and fastening second ends of the first and second reference elements to the second mounting plate. 29. The method according to claim 24 including measuring a third distance and a fourth distance, the fourth distance being perpendicular to the third distance, from an elongate second reference element in the elevator shaft with a second distance sensor, the first reference element and the second reference element being arranged in a defined relationship to one another, and further basing the determining of the current position of the locating system on the third distance and the fourth distance. 30. The method according to claim 29 including fastening a first mounting plate in the elevator shaft and fastening first ends of the first and second reference elements to the first mounting plate. 31. The method according to claim 30 including fastening a second mounting plate in the elevator shaft and fastening second ends of the first and second reference elements to the second mounting plate. 32. The method according to claim 24 including fixing at least one of the first reference element and a second reference element in the elevator shaft between ends thereof to reduce vibrations of the first and/or second reference element relative to the elevator shaft. | A locating system for determining a current position in an elevator shaft of an elevator system extending in a main extension direction includes a first distance sensor by which a first distance and a second distance, which second distance is perpendicular to the first distance, from a first reference element can be measured, as well as a tilt sensor by which a rotation about a horizontal first axis and a horizontal second axis perpendicular to the first axis can be measured, and a measuring system by which a position of the locating system can be determined in the main extension direction of the elevator shaft.1-15. (canceled) 16. A locating system for determining a current position thereof in an elevator shaft of an elevator installation extending in a main extension direction, the locating system comprising:
a first distance sensor for measuring a first distance and a second distance of the locating system, the second distance being perpendicular to the first distance, from a first reference element in the elevator shaft, wherein the first distance scanner is constructed as a 2D profile scanner; a tilt sensor for measuring a rotation of the locating system about a horizontally extending first axis and a horizontally extending second axis that is perpendicular to the first axis; a measuring system for determining a position of the locating system relative to the main extension direction of the elevator shaft; and means for generating an indication of the current position of the locating system based upon the measured first and second distances, the measured rotation and the determined position relative to the main extension direction wherein the first distance sensor remains in a fixed position relative to the first reference element when measuring the first and second distances. 17. The locating system according to claim 16 wherein the first distance sensor is arranged to measure the first and second distances from two reference points on the first reference element, the two reference points being arranged in a defined relationship to one another. 18. The locating system according to claim 16 wherein the first distance sensor is arranged to measure a third distance and a fourth distance, the fourth distance being perpendicular to the third distance, from a second reference element in the elevator shaft, the first reference element and the second reference element being arranged in a defined relationship to one another. 19. The locating system according to claim 16 including a second distance sensor for measuring a third distance and a fourth distance, the fourth distance being perpendicular to the third distance, from a second reference element in the elevator shaft, the first reference element and the second reference element being arranged in a defined relationship to one another. 20. The locating system according to claim 19 wherein the second distance sensor is constructed as a 2D profile scanner. 21. An installation device for carrying out an installation process in an elevator shaft of an elevator installation comprising the locating system according to claim 16 arranged on the installation device and the installation device being movable in the elevator shaft. 22. The installation device according to claim 21 including a carrier component and an installation component, the carrier component being movable relative to the elevator shaft and positioned at different heights within the elevator shaft, the installation component being retained on the carrier component and being adapted to carry out an installation step as part of the installation process at least partially automatically, and wherein the locating system is arranged on the carrier component. 23. The installation device according to claim 22 including a sensor arranged on the installation component for measuring a distance from the first reference element and a control apparatus for determining:
a relative position of the installation device in a fixing position with respect to the first reference element in the elevator shaft using the sensor arranged on the installation component;
a relative position of the first reference element with respect to at least two different positions of the sensor arranged on the installation component corresponding to associated positions of the installation device; and
the fixing position in the elevator shaft based on the determined relative position of the installation device with respect to the first reference element. 24. A method for determining a current position of a locating system in an elevator shaft of an elevator installation extending in a main extension direction, the method comprising the following steps:
inserting an elongate first reference element into the elevator shaft aligned in the main extension direction of the elevator shaft; measuring a first distance and a second distance of the locating system, which second distance is perpendicular to the first distance, from the first reference element using a first distance sensor; measuring a rotation of the locating system about a horizontally extending first axis and a horizontally extending second axis that is perpendicular to the first axis; determining a position of the locating system in the main extension direction of the elevator shaft; determining a current position of the locating system based on the first distance, the second distance, the rotation, and the position in the main extension direction of the elevator shaft; and wherein the first distance sensor remains in a fixed position relative to the first reference element when measuring the first distance and the second distance. 25. The method according to claim 24 including measuring the first and second distances from two reference points on the first reference element with the first distance sensor, the two reference points being arranged in a defined relationship to one another. 26. The method according to claim 24 including measuring a third distance and a fourth distance, the fourth distance being perpendicular to the third distance, from an elongate second reference element in the elevator shaft with the first distance sensor, the first reference element and the second reference element being arranged in a defined relationship to one another. 27. The method according to claim 26 including fastening a first mounting plate in the elevator shaft and fastening first ends of the first and second reference elements to the first mounting plate. 28. The method according to claim 27 including fastening a second mounting plate in the elevator shaft and fastening second ends of the first and second reference elements to the second mounting plate. 29. The method according to claim 24 including measuring a third distance and a fourth distance, the fourth distance being perpendicular to the third distance, from an elongate second reference element in the elevator shaft with a second distance sensor, the first reference element and the second reference element being arranged in a defined relationship to one another, and further basing the determining of the current position of the locating system on the third distance and the fourth distance. 30. The method according to claim 29 including fastening a first mounting plate in the elevator shaft and fastening first ends of the first and second reference elements to the first mounting plate. 31. The method according to claim 30 including fastening a second mounting plate in the elevator shaft and fastening second ends of the first and second reference elements to the second mounting plate. 32. The method according to claim 24 including fixing at least one of the first reference element and a second reference element in the elevator shaft between ends thereof to reduce vibrations of the first and/or second reference element relative to the elevator shaft. | 2,600 |
342,701 | 16,642,438 | 2,616 | There is provided a method of sequential list decoding of an error correction code (ECC) utilizing a decoder comprising a plurality of processors. The method comprises: a) obtaining an ordered sequence of constituent codes usable for the sequential decoding of the ECC; b) executing, by a first processor, a task of decoding a first constituent code, the executing comprising: a. generating decoding candidate words (DCWs) usable to be selected for decoding a subsequent constituent code, each DCW associated with a ranking; b. for the first constituent code, upon occurrence of a sufficiency criterion, and prior to completion of the generating all DCWs and rankings, selecting, in accordance with a selection criterion, at least one DCW; c) executing, by a second processor, a task of decoding a subsequent constituent code, the executing comprising processing data derived from the selected DCWs to generate data usable for decoding a next subsequent constituent code. | 1. A method of sequential list decoding of a codeword of an error correction code, the method provided by a decoder comprising a plurality of processors, the method comprising:
a) obtaining, by the decoder, an ordered sequence of constituent codes usable for sequential decoding of the error correction code; b) executing by a first processor of the plurality of processors a task of decoding a first constituent code, the executing comprising:
a. generating a set of one or more decoding candidate words (DCWs) usable to be selected for decoding a subsequent constituent code, each DCW associated with a respectively generated ranking, wherein the DCWs are candidate codewords or candidate information words;
b. for the first constituent code, upon occurrence of a sufficiency criterion, and prior to completion by the first processor of the generating all DCWs and respectively associated rankings, selecting, in accordance with a selection criterion, at least one DCW, thereby giving rise to one or more selected DCWs;
c) executing, by a second processor of the plurality of processors, a task of decoding a subsequent constituent code, the executing comprising processing data derived from the one or more selected DCWs to generate data usable for decoding a next subsequent constituent code. 2. The method of claim 1 further comprising repeating the operations b) and c) until a completion criterion is met. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the first processor and the second processor are the same processor. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the second processor executes at least part of the task of decoding of the second subsequent constituent code concurrently with the executing the task of decoding of the first constituent code by the first processor. 5. The method of claim 2, wherein the completion criterion occurs when all DCWs and respectively associated rankings have been generated. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the sufficiency criterion occurs when a count of generated DCWs and rankings thereof meets a generated DCW threshold. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the sufficiency criterion occurs when a count of generated DCWs with associated rankings that meet a ranking threshold meets a high ranking DCW count threshold. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the sufficiency criterion occurs when a count of input models for which all DCWs and rankings thereof have been generated meets an input model threshold. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein a ranking is associated with an input model, and wherein the generating of DCWs with respectively associated rankings from input models is ordered according to the rankings associated with the input models. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the selecting comprises utilizing a threshold number of DCWs to be selected and, upon the generating of a DCW with a ranking exceeding the ranking of a given number of already selected DCWs, selecting a number of DCWs larger than the threshold. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the data derived from the one or more selected DCWs comprises a re-encoded candidate information word. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the data derived from the one or more selected DCWs comprises a candidate codeword. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the executing by a second processor of the plurality of processors comprises, upon occurrence of a cancellation criterion cancelling processing of data derived from a given selected DCW. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the cancellation criterion occurs when a count of DCWs with an associated ranking exceeding the ranking of the given selected DCW meets a DCW cancellation threshold. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the ranking associated with a DCW is indicative of a path metric of the DCW. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein the selection criterion occurs when a DCW has an associated ranking meeting a ranking selection threshold. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the selection criterion occurs when a DCW derived from a given input model has an associated ranking meeting an input model ranking selection threshold. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein the selection criterion occurs when a DCW has the highest associated ranking of all DCWs derived from a given input model. 19. The method of claim 1, wherein the selection criterion occurs when a DCW has the highest ranking of all DCWs derived from input models from which no DCW has yet been selected. 20. The method of claim 1, wherein the error correction code is a generalized concatenated code. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the ordered sequence of constituent codes usable for sequential decoding of the error correction code is derived from an unfolded recursion of a layered factor graph of the generalized concatenated code. 22. The method of claim 1, wherein the ordered sequence of constituent codes usable for sequential decoding of the error correction code is derived from a normal factor graph of the error correction code. 23. The method of claim 20, wherein the error correction code is a polar code. 24. The method of claim 1, wherein the data usable for decoding a next subsequent constituent code comprises data indicative of a symbol likelihood estimate. 25. The method of claim 1, additionally comprising:
d) executing, by a third processor of the plurality of processors, a task of decoding a second subsequent constituent code, the executing comprising processing data derived from DCWs generated by the task of decoding a subsequent constituent code. 26. A decoder configured to perform sequential list decoding of an error correction code, the decoder comprising a memory and a plurality of processors, wherein:
a first processor of the plurality of processors is configured to obtain an ordered sequence of constituent codes usable for the sequential decoding of the error correction code; a second processor of the plurality of processors is configured to execute a task of decoding a first constituent code, the executing comprising:
a. generating a set of one or more decoding candidate words (DCWs) usable to be selected for decoding a subsequent constituent code, each DCW associated with a respectively generated ranking;
b. for the first constituent code, upon occurrence of a sufficiency criterion, and prior to completion by the first processor of the generating all DCWs and respectively associated rankings, selecting, in accordance with a selection criterion, at least one DCW, thereby giving rise to one or more selected DCWs;
a third processor of the plurality of processors is configured to execute a task of decoding a subsequent constituent code, the executing comprising processing data derived from the one or more selected DCWs to generate data usable for decoding a next subsequent constituent code. 27. The decoder of claim 26, wherein the first processor, second processor, and third processor are the same processor. 28. A method of sequential list decoding of a codeword of an Arikan polar code, the method provided by a decoder comprising a plurality of processors, the method comprising:
a) obtaining, by the decoder, an ordered sequence of outer codes according to an unfolded recursion of a layered factor graph of the polar code represented as a generalized concatenated code; b) executing, by a first processor of the plurality of processors, a task of decoding a first outer code, the executing comprising:
a. generating a set of one or more candidate information words (CIWs) usable to be selected for decoding a subsequent outer code, each CIW associated with a respectively generated path metric;
b. for the first outer code, upon occurrence of a sufficiency criterion, and prior to completion by the first processor of the generating all CIWs and respectively associated path metrics, selecting, in accordance with a selection criterion, at least one CIW, thereby giving rise to one or more selected CIWs;
c) executing, by a second processor of the plurality of processors, a task of decoding a subsequent outer code, the executing comprising processing data derived from the one or more selected CIWs to calculate symbol likelihoods usable for decoding a next subsequent outer code. 29. The method of claim 26 further comprising repeating the operations b) and c) until a completion criterion is met. 30. The method of claim 26, wherein the task of decoding of be second outer code executes concurrently with the task of decoding of the first outer code. | There is provided a method of sequential list decoding of an error correction code (ECC) utilizing a decoder comprising a plurality of processors. The method comprises: a) obtaining an ordered sequence of constituent codes usable for the sequential decoding of the ECC; b) executing, by a first processor, a task of decoding a first constituent code, the executing comprising: a. generating decoding candidate words (DCWs) usable to be selected for decoding a subsequent constituent code, each DCW associated with a ranking; b. for the first constituent code, upon occurrence of a sufficiency criterion, and prior to completion of the generating all DCWs and rankings, selecting, in accordance with a selection criterion, at least one DCW; c) executing, by a second processor, a task of decoding a subsequent constituent code, the executing comprising processing data derived from the selected DCWs to generate data usable for decoding a next subsequent constituent code.1. A method of sequential list decoding of a codeword of an error correction code, the method provided by a decoder comprising a plurality of processors, the method comprising:
a) obtaining, by the decoder, an ordered sequence of constituent codes usable for sequential decoding of the error correction code; b) executing by a first processor of the plurality of processors a task of decoding a first constituent code, the executing comprising:
a. generating a set of one or more decoding candidate words (DCWs) usable to be selected for decoding a subsequent constituent code, each DCW associated with a respectively generated ranking, wherein the DCWs are candidate codewords or candidate information words;
b. for the first constituent code, upon occurrence of a sufficiency criterion, and prior to completion by the first processor of the generating all DCWs and respectively associated rankings, selecting, in accordance with a selection criterion, at least one DCW, thereby giving rise to one or more selected DCWs;
c) executing, by a second processor of the plurality of processors, a task of decoding a subsequent constituent code, the executing comprising processing data derived from the one or more selected DCWs to generate data usable for decoding a next subsequent constituent code. 2. The method of claim 1 further comprising repeating the operations b) and c) until a completion criterion is met. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the first processor and the second processor are the same processor. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the second processor executes at least part of the task of decoding of the second subsequent constituent code concurrently with the executing the task of decoding of the first constituent code by the first processor. 5. The method of claim 2, wherein the completion criterion occurs when all DCWs and respectively associated rankings have been generated. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the sufficiency criterion occurs when a count of generated DCWs and rankings thereof meets a generated DCW threshold. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the sufficiency criterion occurs when a count of generated DCWs with associated rankings that meet a ranking threshold meets a high ranking DCW count threshold. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the sufficiency criterion occurs when a count of input models for which all DCWs and rankings thereof have been generated meets an input model threshold. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein a ranking is associated with an input model, and wherein the generating of DCWs with respectively associated rankings from input models is ordered according to the rankings associated with the input models. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the selecting comprises utilizing a threshold number of DCWs to be selected and, upon the generating of a DCW with a ranking exceeding the ranking of a given number of already selected DCWs, selecting a number of DCWs larger than the threshold. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the data derived from the one or more selected DCWs comprises a re-encoded candidate information word. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the data derived from the one or more selected DCWs comprises a candidate codeword. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the executing by a second processor of the plurality of processors comprises, upon occurrence of a cancellation criterion cancelling processing of data derived from a given selected DCW. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the cancellation criterion occurs when a count of DCWs with an associated ranking exceeding the ranking of the given selected DCW meets a DCW cancellation threshold. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the ranking associated with a DCW is indicative of a path metric of the DCW. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein the selection criterion occurs when a DCW has an associated ranking meeting a ranking selection threshold. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the selection criterion occurs when a DCW derived from a given input model has an associated ranking meeting an input model ranking selection threshold. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein the selection criterion occurs when a DCW has the highest associated ranking of all DCWs derived from a given input model. 19. The method of claim 1, wherein the selection criterion occurs when a DCW has the highest ranking of all DCWs derived from input models from which no DCW has yet been selected. 20. The method of claim 1, wherein the error correction code is a generalized concatenated code. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the ordered sequence of constituent codes usable for sequential decoding of the error correction code is derived from an unfolded recursion of a layered factor graph of the generalized concatenated code. 22. The method of claim 1, wherein the ordered sequence of constituent codes usable for sequential decoding of the error correction code is derived from a normal factor graph of the error correction code. 23. The method of claim 20, wherein the error correction code is a polar code. 24. The method of claim 1, wherein the data usable for decoding a next subsequent constituent code comprises data indicative of a symbol likelihood estimate. 25. The method of claim 1, additionally comprising:
d) executing, by a third processor of the plurality of processors, a task of decoding a second subsequent constituent code, the executing comprising processing data derived from DCWs generated by the task of decoding a subsequent constituent code. 26. A decoder configured to perform sequential list decoding of an error correction code, the decoder comprising a memory and a plurality of processors, wherein:
a first processor of the plurality of processors is configured to obtain an ordered sequence of constituent codes usable for the sequential decoding of the error correction code; a second processor of the plurality of processors is configured to execute a task of decoding a first constituent code, the executing comprising:
a. generating a set of one or more decoding candidate words (DCWs) usable to be selected for decoding a subsequent constituent code, each DCW associated with a respectively generated ranking;
b. for the first constituent code, upon occurrence of a sufficiency criterion, and prior to completion by the first processor of the generating all DCWs and respectively associated rankings, selecting, in accordance with a selection criterion, at least one DCW, thereby giving rise to one or more selected DCWs;
a third processor of the plurality of processors is configured to execute a task of decoding a subsequent constituent code, the executing comprising processing data derived from the one or more selected DCWs to generate data usable for decoding a next subsequent constituent code. 27. The decoder of claim 26, wherein the first processor, second processor, and third processor are the same processor. 28. A method of sequential list decoding of a codeword of an Arikan polar code, the method provided by a decoder comprising a plurality of processors, the method comprising:
a) obtaining, by the decoder, an ordered sequence of outer codes according to an unfolded recursion of a layered factor graph of the polar code represented as a generalized concatenated code; b) executing, by a first processor of the plurality of processors, a task of decoding a first outer code, the executing comprising:
a. generating a set of one or more candidate information words (CIWs) usable to be selected for decoding a subsequent outer code, each CIW associated with a respectively generated path metric;
b. for the first outer code, upon occurrence of a sufficiency criterion, and prior to completion by the first processor of the generating all CIWs and respectively associated path metrics, selecting, in accordance with a selection criterion, at least one CIW, thereby giving rise to one or more selected CIWs;
c) executing, by a second processor of the plurality of processors, a task of decoding a subsequent outer code, the executing comprising processing data derived from the one or more selected CIWs to calculate symbol likelihoods usable for decoding a next subsequent outer code. 29. The method of claim 26 further comprising repeating the operations b) and c) until a completion criterion is met. 30. The method of claim 26, wherein the task of decoding of be second outer code executes concurrently with the task of decoding of the first outer code. | 2,600 |
342,702 | 16,642,460 | 2,837 | An exhaust system for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle includes a single exhaust-gas inlet line, two exhaust-gas outlet lines connected in an exhaust gas-conducting manner to the exhaust-gas inlet line, and an active silencing device. The active silencing device is connected in a sound-conducting manner to the two exhaust-gas outlet lines. Furthermore, a motor vehicle with such an exhaust system is provided. | 1. An exhaust system for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle comprising:
a single exhaust-gas inlet line; two exhaust-gas outlet lines connected in an exhaust gas-conducting manner to the single exhaust-gas inlet line; and an active silencing device, which is connected in a sound-conducting manner to the two exhaust-gas outlet lines. 2. The exhaust system according to claim 1, wherein the single exhaust-gas inlet line is connected in an exhaust gas-conducting manner to the two exhaust-gas outlet lines via a passive silencer. 3. The exhaust system according to claim 2, wherein sections of the single exhaust-gas inlet line and/or of at least one of the two exhaust-gas outlet lines, run inside a silencer housing of the passive silencer. 4. The exhaust system according to claim 1, wherein the two exhaust-gas outlet lines form a T connection or a Y connection with the single exhaust-gas inlet line or an intermediate exhaust-gas line, wherein the intermediate exhaust-gas line is connected in an exhaust gas-conducting manner to both of the two exhaust-gas outlet lines and to the single exhaust-gas inlet line. 5. The exhaust system according to claim 1, wherein the two exhaust-gas outlet lines are formed by opposite sections of a common exhaust-gas outlet pipe. 6. The exhaust system according to claim 1, wherein the active silencing device is connected in a sound-conducting manner to the two exhaust-gas outlet lines via a sound coupling-in line, wherein the sound coupling-in line surrounds exhaust-gas inlet-facing ends of the two exhaust-gas outlet lines on an outside and runs substantially concentric to the exhaust-gas inlet-facing ends of the two exhaust-gas outlet lines. 7. The exhaust system according to claim 6, wherein the single exhaust-gas inlet line is connected in an exhaust gas-conducting manner to the two exhaust-gas outlet lines via a passive silencer, and wherein the sound coupling-in line runs at least partly inside a silencer housing of the passive silencer. 8. The exhaust system according to claim 6, wherein the single exhaust gas inlet line passes through a wall of the sound coupling-in line, or
wherein an intermediate exhaust-gas line is connected in an exhaust gas-conducting manner to both of the two exhaust-gas outlet lines and to the single exhaust-gas inlet line, and wherein the intermediate exhaust-gas line passes through a wall of the sound coupling-in line. 9. The exhaust system according to claim 6, wherein at least one of the two exhaust-gas outlet lines, comprises a perforated section in an area surrounded by the sound coupling-in line. 10. The exhaust system according to claim 9, wherein both of the two exhaust-gas outlet lines comprise perforated sections and the perforated sections are arranged on opposite sides of the single exhaust-gas inlet line, or
wherein an intermediate exhaust-gas line is connected in an exhaust gas-conducting manner to both of the two exhaust-gas outlet lines and to the single exhaust-gas inlet line, and wherein both of the two exhaust-gas outlet lines comprise perforated sections and the perforated sections are arranged on opposite sides of the intermediate exhaust-gas line. 11. The exhaust system according to claim 6, wherein the active silencing device is connected in a sound-conducting manner to the sound coupling-in line via a sound line. 12. The exhaust system according to claim 11, wherein the single exhaust-gas inlet line is connected in an exhaust gas-conducting manner to the two exhaust-gas outlet lines via a passive silencer, and wherein the sound line runs outside a silencer housing of the passive silencer. 13. The exhaust system according to claim 1, wherein the two exhaust-gas outlet lines are exhaust tail pipes. 14. The exhaust system according to claim 1, wherein the singe exhaust-gas inlet line has a substantially oval cross section at an exhaust-gas outlet-facing end. 15. A motor vehicle including the exhaust system according to claim 1. 16. The exhaust system according to claim 2, wherein sections of the single exhaust-gas inlet line, and/or both of the two exhaust-gas outlet lines, run inside a silencer housing of the passive silencer. | An exhaust system for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle includes a single exhaust-gas inlet line, two exhaust-gas outlet lines connected in an exhaust gas-conducting manner to the exhaust-gas inlet line, and an active silencing device. The active silencing device is connected in a sound-conducting manner to the two exhaust-gas outlet lines. Furthermore, a motor vehicle with such an exhaust system is provided.1. An exhaust system for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle comprising:
a single exhaust-gas inlet line; two exhaust-gas outlet lines connected in an exhaust gas-conducting manner to the single exhaust-gas inlet line; and an active silencing device, which is connected in a sound-conducting manner to the two exhaust-gas outlet lines. 2. The exhaust system according to claim 1, wherein the single exhaust-gas inlet line is connected in an exhaust gas-conducting manner to the two exhaust-gas outlet lines via a passive silencer. 3. The exhaust system according to claim 2, wherein sections of the single exhaust-gas inlet line and/or of at least one of the two exhaust-gas outlet lines, run inside a silencer housing of the passive silencer. 4. The exhaust system according to claim 1, wherein the two exhaust-gas outlet lines form a T connection or a Y connection with the single exhaust-gas inlet line or an intermediate exhaust-gas line, wherein the intermediate exhaust-gas line is connected in an exhaust gas-conducting manner to both of the two exhaust-gas outlet lines and to the single exhaust-gas inlet line. 5. The exhaust system according to claim 1, wherein the two exhaust-gas outlet lines are formed by opposite sections of a common exhaust-gas outlet pipe. 6. The exhaust system according to claim 1, wherein the active silencing device is connected in a sound-conducting manner to the two exhaust-gas outlet lines via a sound coupling-in line, wherein the sound coupling-in line surrounds exhaust-gas inlet-facing ends of the two exhaust-gas outlet lines on an outside and runs substantially concentric to the exhaust-gas inlet-facing ends of the two exhaust-gas outlet lines. 7. The exhaust system according to claim 6, wherein the single exhaust-gas inlet line is connected in an exhaust gas-conducting manner to the two exhaust-gas outlet lines via a passive silencer, and wherein the sound coupling-in line runs at least partly inside a silencer housing of the passive silencer. 8. The exhaust system according to claim 6, wherein the single exhaust gas inlet line passes through a wall of the sound coupling-in line, or
wherein an intermediate exhaust-gas line is connected in an exhaust gas-conducting manner to both of the two exhaust-gas outlet lines and to the single exhaust-gas inlet line, and wherein the intermediate exhaust-gas line passes through a wall of the sound coupling-in line. 9. The exhaust system according to claim 6, wherein at least one of the two exhaust-gas outlet lines, comprises a perforated section in an area surrounded by the sound coupling-in line. 10. The exhaust system according to claim 9, wherein both of the two exhaust-gas outlet lines comprise perforated sections and the perforated sections are arranged on opposite sides of the single exhaust-gas inlet line, or
wherein an intermediate exhaust-gas line is connected in an exhaust gas-conducting manner to both of the two exhaust-gas outlet lines and to the single exhaust-gas inlet line, and wherein both of the two exhaust-gas outlet lines comprise perforated sections and the perforated sections are arranged on opposite sides of the intermediate exhaust-gas line. 11. The exhaust system according to claim 6, wherein the active silencing device is connected in a sound-conducting manner to the sound coupling-in line via a sound line. 12. The exhaust system according to claim 11, wherein the single exhaust-gas inlet line is connected in an exhaust gas-conducting manner to the two exhaust-gas outlet lines via a passive silencer, and wherein the sound line runs outside a silencer housing of the passive silencer. 13. The exhaust system according to claim 1, wherein the two exhaust-gas outlet lines are exhaust tail pipes. 14. The exhaust system according to claim 1, wherein the singe exhaust-gas inlet line has a substantially oval cross section at an exhaust-gas outlet-facing end. 15. A motor vehicle including the exhaust system according to claim 1. 16. The exhaust system according to claim 2, wherein sections of the single exhaust-gas inlet line, and/or both of the two exhaust-gas outlet lines, run inside a silencer housing of the passive silencer. | 2,800 |
342,703 | 16,642,447 | 2,837 | A pixel circuit and a method of driving the same, a display panel and a method of forming the same and a display device are provided. The pixel circuit includes: a light-emitting element, a data writing sub-circuit, a storage sub-circuit and a driving transistor, where the driving transistor is a double-gate transistor. The data writing sub-circuit is configured to switch on or switch off a connection between the data line and the top gate of the driving transistor under a control of the gate line. The storage sub-circuit is configured to control a potential of the top gate of the driving transistor; the bottom gate of the driving transistor is connected to a first voltage input end; the first electrode of the driving transistor is connected to a power voltage input end, the second electrode of the driving transistor is connected to a first electrode of the light-emitting element; a second electrode of the light-emitting element is connected to a second voltage input end. | 1. A pixel circuit, comprising: a light-emitting element, a data writing sub-circuit, a storage sub-circuit and a driving transistor, wherein
the driving transistor is a double-gate transistor, the double-gate transistor comprises a top gate, a bottom gate, a first electrode and a second electrode; the data writing sub-circuit is connected to a gate line, a data line and the top gate of the driving transistor, and is configured to switch on or switch off a connection between the data line and the top gate of the driving transistor under a control of the gate line; the storage sub-circuit is connected to the top gate of the driving transistor, and is configured to control a potential of the top gate of the driving transistor; the bottom gate of the driving transistor is connected to a first voltage input end; the first electrode of the driving transistor is connected to a power voltage input end, the second electrode of the driving transistor is connected to a first electrode of the light-emitting element; the first voltage input end is configured to input a first voltage; a second electrode of the light-emitting element is connected to a second voltage input end; the second voltage input end is configured to input a second voltage. 2. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the driving transistor is a P-type transistor, and the first voltage is a positive voltage. 3. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the driving transistor is an N-type transistor, and the first voltage is a negative voltage. 4. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the data writing sub-circuit comprises a data writing transistor, a gate of the data writing transistor is connected to the gate line, a first electrode of the data writing transistor is connected to the data line, and a second electrode of the data writing transistor is connected to the top gate of the driving transistor. 5. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the storage sub-circuit comprises a storage capacitor; a first end of the storage capacitor is connected to the top gate of the driving transistor, a second end of the storage capacitor is connected to the second electrode of the driving transistor. 6. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the pixel circuit further comprises a light-emitting control sub-circuit;
the light-emitting control sub-circuit is connected to a light-emitting control end, the second electrode of the driving transistor and the first electrode of the light-emitting element, and is configured to switch on or switch off a connection between the second electrode of the driving transistor and the first electrode of the light-emitting element under a control of the light-emitting control end. 7. The pixel circuit according to claim 6, wherein the light-emitting control sub-circuit comprises a light-emitting control transistor, a gate of the light-emitting control transistor is connected to the light-emitting control end, a first electrode of the light-emitting control transistor is connected to the second electrode of the driving transistor, and a second electrode of the light-emitting control transistor is connected to the first electrode of the light-emitting element. 8. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the light-emitting element is an organic light-emitting diode (OLED). 9. The pixel circuit according to claim 7, wherein the data writing transistor and the light-emitting control transistor are both P-type transistors. 10. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the double-gate transistor is a P-type transistor, and the first voltage is a constant positive voltage having a high voltage value. 11. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the double-gate transistor is an N-type transistor, and the first voltage is a constant negative voltage having a low voltage value. 12. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the pixel circuit is arranged in a transparent display area of a display panel. 13. A method of driving a pixel circuit, applied to the pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises: in each display period,
in a driving phase, inputting, by the first voltage input end, the first voltage to the bottom gate of the driving transistor; under a control of a first gate line, writing, by the data writing sub-circuit, into the top gate of the driving transistor a data voltage output by the data line, and controlling, by the storage sub-circuit, a potential of the top gate of the driving transistor, to turn on the driving transistor to drive the light-emitting element to emit light. 14. The method of driving a pixel circuit according to claim 13, wherein the pixel circuit further comprises a light-emitting control sub-circuit, and the driving phase comprises a data writing period and a light-emitting period in sequence, and the method of driving the pixel circuit comprises: in the driving phase,
in the data writing period, inputting, by the first voltage input end, the first voltage to the bottom gate of the driving transistor, outputting, by the data line, the data voltage, under the control of the gate line, writing, by the data writing sub-circuit, the data voltage into the top gate of the driving transistor, maintaining, by the storage sub-circuit, the potential of the top gate of the driving transistor, and under a control of a light-emitting control line, switching off the connection between the second electrode of the driving transistor and the first electrode of the light-emitting element by the light-emitting control sub-circuit; in the light-emitting period, inputting, by the first voltage input end, the first voltage to the bottom gate of the driving transistor, under the control of the gate line, switching off, by the data writing sub-circuit, the connection between the data line and the top gate of the driving transistor, under the control of the light-emitting control line, switching on, by the light-emitting control sub-circuit, the connection between the second electrode of the driving transistor and the first electrode of the light-emitting element, and controlling, by the storage sub-circuit, the potential of the top gate of the driving transistor, to turn on the driving transistor to drive the light-emitting element to emit light. 15. A display panel, comprising: a normal display area and a transparent display area, wherein the transparent display area of the display panel comprises the pixel circuit according to claim 1. 16. A method of forming a display panel, applied to form the display panel according to claim 15, wherein the method comprises:
forming, in the transparent display area of the display panel, the bottom gate, an active layer, the top gate, a source and a drain of the driving transistor in sequence, wherein the bottom gate is made of an opaque conductive material, and an orthographic projection of the active layer onto a plane of the bottom gate is within the bottom gate. 17. A display device comprising the display panel according to claim 15. | A pixel circuit and a method of driving the same, a display panel and a method of forming the same and a display device are provided. The pixel circuit includes: a light-emitting element, a data writing sub-circuit, a storage sub-circuit and a driving transistor, where the driving transistor is a double-gate transistor. The data writing sub-circuit is configured to switch on or switch off a connection between the data line and the top gate of the driving transistor under a control of the gate line. The storage sub-circuit is configured to control a potential of the top gate of the driving transistor; the bottom gate of the driving transistor is connected to a first voltage input end; the first electrode of the driving transistor is connected to a power voltage input end, the second electrode of the driving transistor is connected to a first electrode of the light-emitting element; a second electrode of the light-emitting element is connected to a second voltage input end.1. A pixel circuit, comprising: a light-emitting element, a data writing sub-circuit, a storage sub-circuit and a driving transistor, wherein
the driving transistor is a double-gate transistor, the double-gate transistor comprises a top gate, a bottom gate, a first electrode and a second electrode; the data writing sub-circuit is connected to a gate line, a data line and the top gate of the driving transistor, and is configured to switch on or switch off a connection between the data line and the top gate of the driving transistor under a control of the gate line; the storage sub-circuit is connected to the top gate of the driving transistor, and is configured to control a potential of the top gate of the driving transistor; the bottom gate of the driving transistor is connected to a first voltage input end; the first electrode of the driving transistor is connected to a power voltage input end, the second electrode of the driving transistor is connected to a first electrode of the light-emitting element; the first voltage input end is configured to input a first voltage; a second electrode of the light-emitting element is connected to a second voltage input end; the second voltage input end is configured to input a second voltage. 2. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the driving transistor is a P-type transistor, and the first voltage is a positive voltage. 3. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the driving transistor is an N-type transistor, and the first voltage is a negative voltage. 4. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the data writing sub-circuit comprises a data writing transistor, a gate of the data writing transistor is connected to the gate line, a first electrode of the data writing transistor is connected to the data line, and a second electrode of the data writing transistor is connected to the top gate of the driving transistor. 5. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the storage sub-circuit comprises a storage capacitor; a first end of the storage capacitor is connected to the top gate of the driving transistor, a second end of the storage capacitor is connected to the second electrode of the driving transistor. 6. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the pixel circuit further comprises a light-emitting control sub-circuit;
the light-emitting control sub-circuit is connected to a light-emitting control end, the second electrode of the driving transistor and the first electrode of the light-emitting element, and is configured to switch on or switch off a connection between the second electrode of the driving transistor and the first electrode of the light-emitting element under a control of the light-emitting control end. 7. The pixel circuit according to claim 6, wherein the light-emitting control sub-circuit comprises a light-emitting control transistor, a gate of the light-emitting control transistor is connected to the light-emitting control end, a first electrode of the light-emitting control transistor is connected to the second electrode of the driving transistor, and a second electrode of the light-emitting control transistor is connected to the first electrode of the light-emitting element. 8. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the light-emitting element is an organic light-emitting diode (OLED). 9. The pixel circuit according to claim 7, wherein the data writing transistor and the light-emitting control transistor are both P-type transistors. 10. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the double-gate transistor is a P-type transistor, and the first voltage is a constant positive voltage having a high voltage value. 11. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the double-gate transistor is an N-type transistor, and the first voltage is a constant negative voltage having a low voltage value. 12. The pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the pixel circuit is arranged in a transparent display area of a display panel. 13. A method of driving a pixel circuit, applied to the pixel circuit according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises: in each display period,
in a driving phase, inputting, by the first voltage input end, the first voltage to the bottom gate of the driving transistor; under a control of a first gate line, writing, by the data writing sub-circuit, into the top gate of the driving transistor a data voltage output by the data line, and controlling, by the storage sub-circuit, a potential of the top gate of the driving transistor, to turn on the driving transistor to drive the light-emitting element to emit light. 14. The method of driving a pixel circuit according to claim 13, wherein the pixel circuit further comprises a light-emitting control sub-circuit, and the driving phase comprises a data writing period and a light-emitting period in sequence, and the method of driving the pixel circuit comprises: in the driving phase,
in the data writing period, inputting, by the first voltage input end, the first voltage to the bottom gate of the driving transistor, outputting, by the data line, the data voltage, under the control of the gate line, writing, by the data writing sub-circuit, the data voltage into the top gate of the driving transistor, maintaining, by the storage sub-circuit, the potential of the top gate of the driving transistor, and under a control of a light-emitting control line, switching off the connection between the second electrode of the driving transistor and the first electrode of the light-emitting element by the light-emitting control sub-circuit; in the light-emitting period, inputting, by the first voltage input end, the first voltage to the bottom gate of the driving transistor, under the control of the gate line, switching off, by the data writing sub-circuit, the connection between the data line and the top gate of the driving transistor, under the control of the light-emitting control line, switching on, by the light-emitting control sub-circuit, the connection between the second electrode of the driving transistor and the first electrode of the light-emitting element, and controlling, by the storage sub-circuit, the potential of the top gate of the driving transistor, to turn on the driving transistor to drive the light-emitting element to emit light. 15. A display panel, comprising: a normal display area and a transparent display area, wherein the transparent display area of the display panel comprises the pixel circuit according to claim 1. 16. A method of forming a display panel, applied to form the display panel according to claim 15, wherein the method comprises:
forming, in the transparent display area of the display panel, the bottom gate, an active layer, the top gate, a source and a drain of the driving transistor in sequence, wherein the bottom gate is made of an opaque conductive material, and an orthographic projection of the active layer onto a plane of the bottom gate is within the bottom gate. 17. A display device comprising the display panel according to claim 15. | 2,800 |
342,704 | 16,642,464 | 2,837 | A microneedle structure, a manufacturing method therefor, and a manufacturing apparatus therefor are presented. The microneedle structure manufacturing method according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of: a) injecting, into a lower mold comprising a microneedle intaglio, a polymer solution containing a biocompatible polymer; and b) coupling a shape control mold, which comprises a protrusion, to the lower mold such that one end of the protrusion of the shape control mold is impregnated with the biocompatible polymer solution injected into the microneedle intaglio. | 1. A microneedle structure manufacturing method comprising:
a) injecting a polymer solution containing a biocompatible polymer into a lower mold that includes a microneedle intaglio; b) coupling a shape control mold to the lower mold to impregnate one end of a protrusion included in the shape control mold into the biocompatible polymer solution injected into the microneedle intaglio; and c) curing the polymer solution and removing a mold that includes the lower mold and the shape control mold. 2. The microneedle structure manufacturing method of claim 1, wherein
the a) comprises: a1) combining the upper mold including through-holes to be spaced apart from the upper portion of the lower mold, while disposing the penetration-type pore apart from an upper portion of the microneedle intaglio; and a2) injecting the polymer solution to fill at least a part of a separation space between the upper mold and the lower mold while filling the microneedle intaglio, and in the b), one end of the protrusion is impregnated into the biocompatible polymer solution filled in the microneedle intaglio through the penetration-type pore. 3. The microneedle structure manufacturing method of claim 24, wherein, in the b), the shape control mold is coupled to the lower mold to satisfy Equation 1:
0.1L0≤Pwiretip≤0.9L0 (Equation 2)
(wherein L0 denotes a length of the microneedle intaglio, and Pwiretip denotes a position of one end of the protrusion when the lowest point of the microneedle intaglio is zeroed). 4. The microneedle structure manufacturing method of claim 3, wherein the a2) comprises:
a2-1) injecting a first polymer solution that contains a first biocompatible polymer and a drug into the microneedle intaglio, while locating a liquid level of the first polymer solution in a lower portion of the Pwiretip; and a2-2) injecting a second polymer solution that contains a second biocompatible polymer to fill a space of the microneedle intaglio above the liquid level of the first polymer solution. 5. The microneedle structure manufacturing method of claim 1, wherein
the shape control mold further comprises a flat panel, and in the b), the protrusion is located only in an opening area, which is a flat panel area corresponding to an opening of the microneedle intaglio in the flat panel of the shape control mold, and the protrusion comprises one to twelve wires. 6. The microneedle structure manufacturing method of claim 5, wherein
when the protrusion comprises one wire, the wire is located at a center of the opening area, and when the protrusion comprises two or more wires, the wires are located to satisfy Equation 2:
θ=360°/n (Equation 2)
(wherein θ denotes an angle (°) between two wires neighboring each other with reference to the center of the opening area, and n denotes a natural number from 2 to 12 , which is the number of wires). 7. (canceled) 8. A microneedle structure manufacturing apparatus comprising:
a lower mold that includes microneedle intaglio; a shape control mold that includes a protrusion, and is coupled with the lower mold to impregnate one end of the protrusion into the microneedle intaglio; and an injection portion that injects a polymer solution into the microneedle intaglio of the lower mold. 9. The microneedle structure manufacturing apparatus of claim 8, wherein the shape control mold further comprises a flat panel, and
the protrusion comprises one to twelve wires that are located in an opening area, which is a flat area corresponding to an opening of the microneedle, and when the protrusion includes one wire, the protrusion is located at a center of the opening area, while when the protrusion includes two or more wires, Equation 2 is satisfied:
θ=360°/n (Equation 2)
(wherein θ denotes an angle (°) between two wires neighboring each other with reference to the center of the opening area, and n denotes a natural number from 2 to 12 , which is the number of wires). 10. The microneedle structure manufacturing apparatus of claim 9, wherein the protrusion comprises two or more wires, and the two or more wires contact the edge of the opening area or neighboring wires contact each other. 11. The microneedle structure manufacturing apparatus of claim 9, wherein the protrusion satisfies Equation 3:
0.1≤A wire /A 0≤0.9 (Equation 3)
(wherein Awire denotes a total area of all wire cross-sections included in a protrusion, and A0 denotes the area of an opening area). 12. The microneedle structure manufacturing apparatus of claim 9, further comprising an upper mold where a penetration-type pore is formed,
wherein the upper mold is coupled with the lower mold such that the penetration-type pore is located above the opening of the microneedle intaglio, and the shape control mold further comprises a spacer that forms an empty space between the flat panel and the upper mold on a side that is the same as one side of the flat plane where the protrusion is located. 13. The microneedle structure manufacturing apparatus of claim 12, further comprising a separation mold that separates the upper mold and the lower mold while being disposed between the lower mold and the upper mold. 14. (canceled) 15. The microneedle structure manufacturing apparatus of claim 8, wherein the lower mold comprises a first lower mold that includes a first intaglio area that corresponds to a tip of the microneedle and a second lower mold that includes a second intaglio area that corresponds to a base portion and a pillar of the microneedle. 16. A microneedle structure comprising:
a base layer, which is a flat layer; and a microneedle that is formed of a biocompatible polymer material and located on one side of the base layer, wherein the microneedle comprises a pore that extends in a direction of the tip of the microneedle while penetrating the base layer such that one end of the pore is located inside the microneedle. 17. The microneedle structure of claim 16, wherein the microneedle comprises one wire-shaped pore, and the wire-shaped pore has a concentric structure with respect to a central axis of a length direction of the microneedle. 18. The microneedle structure of claim 16, wherein the microneedle comprises two to twelve wire-shaped pores, and the wire-shaped pores are arranged to surround a central axis of a length direction of the microneedle. 19. The microneedle structure of claim 18, wherein the wire-shaped pores that are adjacent to each other communicate with each other while being in contact with each other. 20. The microneedle structure of claim 18, wherein the wire-shaped pore contacts the surface of the microneedle such that the wire-shaped pore and the outside of the microneedle communicate with each other. 21. The microneedle structure of claim 16,
wherein the wire-shaped pore satisfies Equation 4:
0.1L1≤Etip≤0.9L1 (Equation 2)
(wherein L1 denotes a length of the microneedle, and Etip denotes a position of one end of the wire-shaped pore while zeroing the tip of the microneedle), wherein the microneedle satisfies Equation 5:
0.1≤A empty /A 1≤0.9 (Equation 5)
(wherein Aempty denotes a total empty space area of cross-sections of all wire-shaped pores included in a microneedle, and A1 denotes a cross-section of the microneedle), wherein a first area, which is an area from the tip of the microneedle to below one end of the wire-shaped pore, contains a first biocompatible polymer and a biochemical material, and other areas excluding the first area in the microneedle contain a second biocompatible polymer, and wherein the first biocompatible polymer contains a biodegradable polymer and the second biocompatible polymer contains a biosoluble polymer. 22. (canceled) 23. (canceled) 24. (canceled) | A microneedle structure, a manufacturing method therefor, and a manufacturing apparatus therefor are presented. The microneedle structure manufacturing method according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of: a) injecting, into a lower mold comprising a microneedle intaglio, a polymer solution containing a biocompatible polymer; and b) coupling a shape control mold, which comprises a protrusion, to the lower mold such that one end of the protrusion of the shape control mold is impregnated with the biocompatible polymer solution injected into the microneedle intaglio.1. A microneedle structure manufacturing method comprising:
a) injecting a polymer solution containing a biocompatible polymer into a lower mold that includes a microneedle intaglio; b) coupling a shape control mold to the lower mold to impregnate one end of a protrusion included in the shape control mold into the biocompatible polymer solution injected into the microneedle intaglio; and c) curing the polymer solution and removing a mold that includes the lower mold and the shape control mold. 2. The microneedle structure manufacturing method of claim 1, wherein
the a) comprises: a1) combining the upper mold including through-holes to be spaced apart from the upper portion of the lower mold, while disposing the penetration-type pore apart from an upper portion of the microneedle intaglio; and a2) injecting the polymer solution to fill at least a part of a separation space between the upper mold and the lower mold while filling the microneedle intaglio, and in the b), one end of the protrusion is impregnated into the biocompatible polymer solution filled in the microneedle intaglio through the penetration-type pore. 3. The microneedle structure manufacturing method of claim 24, wherein, in the b), the shape control mold is coupled to the lower mold to satisfy Equation 1:
0.1L0≤Pwiretip≤0.9L0 (Equation 2)
(wherein L0 denotes a length of the microneedle intaglio, and Pwiretip denotes a position of one end of the protrusion when the lowest point of the microneedle intaglio is zeroed). 4. The microneedle structure manufacturing method of claim 3, wherein the a2) comprises:
a2-1) injecting a first polymer solution that contains a first biocompatible polymer and a drug into the microneedle intaglio, while locating a liquid level of the first polymer solution in a lower portion of the Pwiretip; and a2-2) injecting a second polymer solution that contains a second biocompatible polymer to fill a space of the microneedle intaglio above the liquid level of the first polymer solution. 5. The microneedle structure manufacturing method of claim 1, wherein
the shape control mold further comprises a flat panel, and in the b), the protrusion is located only in an opening area, which is a flat panel area corresponding to an opening of the microneedle intaglio in the flat panel of the shape control mold, and the protrusion comprises one to twelve wires. 6. The microneedle structure manufacturing method of claim 5, wherein
when the protrusion comprises one wire, the wire is located at a center of the opening area, and when the protrusion comprises two or more wires, the wires are located to satisfy Equation 2:
θ=360°/n (Equation 2)
(wherein θ denotes an angle (°) between two wires neighboring each other with reference to the center of the opening area, and n denotes a natural number from 2 to 12 , which is the number of wires). 7. (canceled) 8. A microneedle structure manufacturing apparatus comprising:
a lower mold that includes microneedle intaglio; a shape control mold that includes a protrusion, and is coupled with the lower mold to impregnate one end of the protrusion into the microneedle intaglio; and an injection portion that injects a polymer solution into the microneedle intaglio of the lower mold. 9. The microneedle structure manufacturing apparatus of claim 8, wherein the shape control mold further comprises a flat panel, and
the protrusion comprises one to twelve wires that are located in an opening area, which is a flat area corresponding to an opening of the microneedle, and when the protrusion includes one wire, the protrusion is located at a center of the opening area, while when the protrusion includes two or more wires, Equation 2 is satisfied:
θ=360°/n (Equation 2)
(wherein θ denotes an angle (°) between two wires neighboring each other with reference to the center of the opening area, and n denotes a natural number from 2 to 12 , which is the number of wires). 10. The microneedle structure manufacturing apparatus of claim 9, wherein the protrusion comprises two or more wires, and the two or more wires contact the edge of the opening area or neighboring wires contact each other. 11. The microneedle structure manufacturing apparatus of claim 9, wherein the protrusion satisfies Equation 3:
0.1≤A wire /A 0≤0.9 (Equation 3)
(wherein Awire denotes a total area of all wire cross-sections included in a protrusion, and A0 denotes the area of an opening area). 12. The microneedle structure manufacturing apparatus of claim 9, further comprising an upper mold where a penetration-type pore is formed,
wherein the upper mold is coupled with the lower mold such that the penetration-type pore is located above the opening of the microneedle intaglio, and the shape control mold further comprises a spacer that forms an empty space between the flat panel and the upper mold on a side that is the same as one side of the flat plane where the protrusion is located. 13. The microneedle structure manufacturing apparatus of claim 12, further comprising a separation mold that separates the upper mold and the lower mold while being disposed between the lower mold and the upper mold. 14. (canceled) 15. The microneedle structure manufacturing apparatus of claim 8, wherein the lower mold comprises a first lower mold that includes a first intaglio area that corresponds to a tip of the microneedle and a second lower mold that includes a second intaglio area that corresponds to a base portion and a pillar of the microneedle. 16. A microneedle structure comprising:
a base layer, which is a flat layer; and a microneedle that is formed of a biocompatible polymer material and located on one side of the base layer, wherein the microneedle comprises a pore that extends in a direction of the tip of the microneedle while penetrating the base layer such that one end of the pore is located inside the microneedle. 17. The microneedle structure of claim 16, wherein the microneedle comprises one wire-shaped pore, and the wire-shaped pore has a concentric structure with respect to a central axis of a length direction of the microneedle. 18. The microneedle structure of claim 16, wherein the microneedle comprises two to twelve wire-shaped pores, and the wire-shaped pores are arranged to surround a central axis of a length direction of the microneedle. 19. The microneedle structure of claim 18, wherein the wire-shaped pores that are adjacent to each other communicate with each other while being in contact with each other. 20. The microneedle structure of claim 18, wherein the wire-shaped pore contacts the surface of the microneedle such that the wire-shaped pore and the outside of the microneedle communicate with each other. 21. The microneedle structure of claim 16,
wherein the wire-shaped pore satisfies Equation 4:
0.1L1≤Etip≤0.9L1 (Equation 2)
(wherein L1 denotes a length of the microneedle, and Etip denotes a position of one end of the wire-shaped pore while zeroing the tip of the microneedle), wherein the microneedle satisfies Equation 5:
0.1≤A empty /A 1≤0.9 (Equation 5)
(wherein Aempty denotes a total empty space area of cross-sections of all wire-shaped pores included in a microneedle, and A1 denotes a cross-section of the microneedle), wherein a first area, which is an area from the tip of the microneedle to below one end of the wire-shaped pore, contains a first biocompatible polymer and a biochemical material, and other areas excluding the first area in the microneedle contain a second biocompatible polymer, and wherein the first biocompatible polymer contains a biodegradable polymer and the second biocompatible polymer contains a biosoluble polymer. 22. (canceled) 23. (canceled) 24. (canceled) | 2,800 |
342,705 | 16,642,422 | 2,837 | Honeycomb bodies, honeycomb structures and extrusion dies, including a transition structural component. A honeycomb structure (100) includes a plurality of interconnected webs (106) defining a plurality of cell channels (108) in a honeycomb matrix (109) having a central axis (110) orthogonal to its transverse cross-section. Radial webs (116) diverge outwardly from the central axis (110). Radial webs (116) include a first radial web (150) and a second radial web (152). Tangential webs (120) are arranged concentrically with respect to the central axis (110), wherein at least one of the tangential webs (120) is a tangential transition web (142). At least one transition structural component (140) is located radially inward from the tangential transition web (124) and includes a first inclined web (144) having a first end (144A) coupled to the first radial web (150) and a second inclined web (146) having a first end (146A) coupled to the second radial web (152). Extrusion dies configured to make the honeycomb structures are provided, as are other aspects. | 1. A honeycomb body comprising a honeycomb structure comprised of:
a plurality of interconnected webs defining a plurality of cell channels in a honeycomb matrix having a central axis orthogonal to its transverse cross section, the plurality of interconnected webs comprising:
radial webs arranged to diverge from one another with respect to the central axis as the radial webs extend toward an outermost periphery of the honeycomb structure, the radial webs comprising a first radial web and a second radial web;
tangential webs arranged concentrically with respect to the central axis, wherein at least one of the tangential webs is a tangential transition web and is located between two adjacent radial webs; and
at least one transition structural component located radially inward from the tangential transition web, wherein the at least one transition structural component comprises a first inclined web having a first end coupled to the first radial web and a second inclined web having a first end coupled to the second radial web. 2. The honeycomb body of claim 1, wherein the at least one transition structural component comprises a radially-extending web having a first end and a second end, the first end coupled to the tangential transition web and the second end coupled to a second end of the first inclined web and a second end of the second inclined web. 3. The honeycomb body of claim 2, wherein the at least one transition structural component is devoid of a tangential web extending between the first end of the first inclined web and the first radial web and the first end of the second inclined web and the second radial web. 4. The honeycomb body of claim 1, further comprising an inner tangential web extending between the first end of the first inclined web and the first end of the second inclined web. 5. The honeycomb body of claim 4, wherein the first inclined web has a second end, wherein the second inclined web has a second end, wherein the second end of the first inclined web is coupled to the tangential transition web, and wherein the second end of the second inclined web is coupled to the tangential transition web. 6. The honeycomb body of claim 5, wherein the second end of the first inclined web and the second end of the second inclined web are coupled to the same location on the tangential transition web. 7. The honeycomb body of claim 1, wherein the first inclined web has a thickness approximately equal to a thickness of at least one tangential web. 8. The honeycomb body of claim 1, wherein a first number of cell channels is in a first ring of cell channels centered about the central axis and on a first side of the at least one transition structural component and a second number of cell channels is in a second ring of cell channels centered about the central axis and on a second side of the at least one transition structural component. 9. The honeycomb body of claim 1, wherein at least one of the tangential webs is straight between two adjacent radial webs. 10. The honeycomb body of claim 1, wherein at least one plurality of tangential webs is arranged concentrically with respect to the central axis, and wherein all tangential webs of the at least one plurality of tangential webs are straight. 11. The honeycomb body of claim 1, comprising an outermost ring of tangential webs having inner surfaces facing the central axis, at least one inner surface of the outermost ring of tangential webs being concave. 12. The honeycomb body of claim 1, wherein at least one of the radial webs extends from the central axis to an outermost periphery of the honeycomb matrix. 13. The honeycomb body of claim 1, the first inclined web and the second inclined web are continuous curved web. 14. The honeycomb body of claim 1, wherein at least one radial web and at least one tangential web have thicknesses of less than 0.38 mm. 15. The honeycomb body of claim 1, wherein at least one radial web and at least one tangential web have thicknesses of greater than 0.025 mm. 16. The honeycomb body of claim 1, wherein the first inclined web intersects the first radial web at an angle that is the same as an angle that the second inclined web intersects the second radial web. 17. A honeycomb body comprising a honeycomb structure comprised of:
a plurality of interconnected webs defining a plurality of cell channels in a honeycomb matrix having a central axis orthogonal to its transverse cross-section, the plurality of interconnected webs comprising:
radial webs arranged to diverge from one another with respect to the central axis as the radial webs extend toward an outermost periphery of the honeycomb structure, the radial webs comprising a first radial web and a second radial web; and
tangential webs arranged concentrically with respect to the central axis, wherein at least one of the tangential webs is a tangential transition web and is located between two adjacent radial webs; and
at least one transition structural component bounded by the tangential transition web, the first radial web, and the second radial web, wherein the at least one transition structural component comprises:
a first inclined web having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end is coupled to the first radial web;
a second inclined web having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end is coupled to the second radial web; and
a radially-extending web having a first end and a second end, the first end coupled to the tangential transition web and the second end coupled to the second end of the first inclined web and the second end of the second inclined web. 18. The honeycomb body of claim 17, wherein the at least one transition structural component is devoid of a tangential web extending between the first end of the first inclined web and the first radial web and the first end of the second inclined web and the second radial web. 19. The honeycomb body of claim 17, wherein the first inclined web has a thickness approximately equal to a thickness of at least one tangential web. 20. An extrusion die, comprising:
an outlet face of a die body having a central axis orthogonal to the outlet face and comprising a matrix of intersecting slots comprising:
radial slots arranged to diverge from one another with respect to the central axis as the radial slots extend toward an outermost periphery of the die body, the radial slots comprising a first radial slot and a second radial slot;
tangential slots arranged concentrically with respect to the central axis, wherein at least one of the tangential slots is a tangential transition slot and is located between two adjacent radial slots; and
at least one transition structural component located radially inward from the tangential transition slot, wherein the at least one transition structural component comprises a first inclined slot having a first end coupled to the first radial slot and a second inclined slot having a first end coupled to the second radial slot. | Honeycomb bodies, honeycomb structures and extrusion dies, including a transition structural component. A honeycomb structure (100) includes a plurality of interconnected webs (106) defining a plurality of cell channels (108) in a honeycomb matrix (109) having a central axis (110) orthogonal to its transverse cross-section. Radial webs (116) diverge outwardly from the central axis (110). Radial webs (116) include a first radial web (150) and a second radial web (152). Tangential webs (120) are arranged concentrically with respect to the central axis (110), wherein at least one of the tangential webs (120) is a tangential transition web (142). At least one transition structural component (140) is located radially inward from the tangential transition web (124) and includes a first inclined web (144) having a first end (144A) coupled to the first radial web (150) and a second inclined web (146) having a first end (146A) coupled to the second radial web (152). Extrusion dies configured to make the honeycomb structures are provided, as are other aspects.1. A honeycomb body comprising a honeycomb structure comprised of:
a plurality of interconnected webs defining a plurality of cell channels in a honeycomb matrix having a central axis orthogonal to its transverse cross section, the plurality of interconnected webs comprising:
radial webs arranged to diverge from one another with respect to the central axis as the radial webs extend toward an outermost periphery of the honeycomb structure, the radial webs comprising a first radial web and a second radial web;
tangential webs arranged concentrically with respect to the central axis, wherein at least one of the tangential webs is a tangential transition web and is located between two adjacent radial webs; and
at least one transition structural component located radially inward from the tangential transition web, wherein the at least one transition structural component comprises a first inclined web having a first end coupled to the first radial web and a second inclined web having a first end coupled to the second radial web. 2. The honeycomb body of claim 1, wherein the at least one transition structural component comprises a radially-extending web having a first end and a second end, the first end coupled to the tangential transition web and the second end coupled to a second end of the first inclined web and a second end of the second inclined web. 3. The honeycomb body of claim 2, wherein the at least one transition structural component is devoid of a tangential web extending between the first end of the first inclined web and the first radial web and the first end of the second inclined web and the second radial web. 4. The honeycomb body of claim 1, further comprising an inner tangential web extending between the first end of the first inclined web and the first end of the second inclined web. 5. The honeycomb body of claim 4, wherein the first inclined web has a second end, wherein the second inclined web has a second end, wherein the second end of the first inclined web is coupled to the tangential transition web, and wherein the second end of the second inclined web is coupled to the tangential transition web. 6. The honeycomb body of claim 5, wherein the second end of the first inclined web and the second end of the second inclined web are coupled to the same location on the tangential transition web. 7. The honeycomb body of claim 1, wherein the first inclined web has a thickness approximately equal to a thickness of at least one tangential web. 8. The honeycomb body of claim 1, wherein a first number of cell channels is in a first ring of cell channels centered about the central axis and on a first side of the at least one transition structural component and a second number of cell channels is in a second ring of cell channels centered about the central axis and on a second side of the at least one transition structural component. 9. The honeycomb body of claim 1, wherein at least one of the tangential webs is straight between two adjacent radial webs. 10. The honeycomb body of claim 1, wherein at least one plurality of tangential webs is arranged concentrically with respect to the central axis, and wherein all tangential webs of the at least one plurality of tangential webs are straight. 11. The honeycomb body of claim 1, comprising an outermost ring of tangential webs having inner surfaces facing the central axis, at least one inner surface of the outermost ring of tangential webs being concave. 12. The honeycomb body of claim 1, wherein at least one of the radial webs extends from the central axis to an outermost periphery of the honeycomb matrix. 13. The honeycomb body of claim 1, the first inclined web and the second inclined web are continuous curved web. 14. The honeycomb body of claim 1, wherein at least one radial web and at least one tangential web have thicknesses of less than 0.38 mm. 15. The honeycomb body of claim 1, wherein at least one radial web and at least one tangential web have thicknesses of greater than 0.025 mm. 16. The honeycomb body of claim 1, wherein the first inclined web intersects the first radial web at an angle that is the same as an angle that the second inclined web intersects the second radial web. 17. A honeycomb body comprising a honeycomb structure comprised of:
a plurality of interconnected webs defining a plurality of cell channels in a honeycomb matrix having a central axis orthogonal to its transverse cross-section, the plurality of interconnected webs comprising:
radial webs arranged to diverge from one another with respect to the central axis as the radial webs extend toward an outermost periphery of the honeycomb structure, the radial webs comprising a first radial web and a second radial web; and
tangential webs arranged concentrically with respect to the central axis, wherein at least one of the tangential webs is a tangential transition web and is located between two adjacent radial webs; and
at least one transition structural component bounded by the tangential transition web, the first radial web, and the second radial web, wherein the at least one transition structural component comprises:
a first inclined web having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end is coupled to the first radial web;
a second inclined web having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end is coupled to the second radial web; and
a radially-extending web having a first end and a second end, the first end coupled to the tangential transition web and the second end coupled to the second end of the first inclined web and the second end of the second inclined web. 18. The honeycomb body of claim 17, wherein the at least one transition structural component is devoid of a tangential web extending between the first end of the first inclined web and the first radial web and the first end of the second inclined web and the second radial web. 19. The honeycomb body of claim 17, wherein the first inclined web has a thickness approximately equal to a thickness of at least one tangential web. 20. An extrusion die, comprising:
an outlet face of a die body having a central axis orthogonal to the outlet face and comprising a matrix of intersecting slots comprising:
radial slots arranged to diverge from one another with respect to the central axis as the radial slots extend toward an outermost periphery of the die body, the radial slots comprising a first radial slot and a second radial slot;
tangential slots arranged concentrically with respect to the central axis, wherein at least one of the tangential slots is a tangential transition slot and is located between two adjacent radial slots; and
at least one transition structural component located radially inward from the tangential transition slot, wherein the at least one transition structural component comprises a first inclined slot having a first end coupled to the first radial slot and a second inclined slot having a first end coupled to the second radial slot. | 2,800 |
342,706 | 16,642,453 | 2,837 | A task to be achieved by the present invention is to provide an ink having excellent adhesion to an ink unabsorbent or non-absorbent recording medium, such as a resin film or coated paper, which is unlikely to absorb a solvent contained in an ink, and excellent setting property. The present invention is directed to an ink including a binder (A) having a carbonyl group, a compound (B) having a structure capable of reacting with the carbonyl group, and an aqueous medium in which the binder (A) and the compound (B) are dissolved or dispersed. | 1. An ink comprising: a binder (A) having a carbonyl group; a compound (B) having a structure capable of reacting with the carbonyl group; and an aqueous medium (C) in which the binder (A) and the compound (B) are dissolved or dispersed. 2. The ink according to claim 1, wherein the binder (A) is a core-shell polymer, wherein the core-shell polymer has a core portion having a carbonyl group. 3. The ink according to claim 1, wherein the core-shell polymer has a core portion comprising an acrylic polymer of a vinyl monomer component containing diacetone acrylamide, and a shell portion comprising an arbitrary acrylic polymer. 4. The ink according to claim 1, wherein the compound (B) is a compound having a hydrazine structure. 5. The ink according to claim 4, wherein the compound (B) is adipic dihydrazide. 6. The ink according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous medium (C) contains a solvent (C1) having a Hansen solubility parameter in which the polar term is 7 or more and the hydrogen bond term is 15 or more. 7. The ink according to claim 6, wherein the solvent (C1) contains 1,2-propanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 3-methyl-1,3-butanediol, or 3-methyl-1,4-butanediol. 8. The ink according to claim 6, wherein the solvent (C1) contains 1,2-propanediol and at least one member selected from the group consisting of 1,2-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 3-methyl-1,3-butanediol, and 3-methyl-1,4-butanediol. 9. The ink according to claim 6, wherein the mass proportion of the binder (A) to the whole of the ink is in the range of 3 to 10% by mass, the mass proportion of the compound (B) to the binder (A) is in the range of 0.1 to 5% by mass, and the mass proportion of the solvent (C1) to the whole of the ink is in the range of 15 to 40% by mass. 10. The ink according to claim 1, which is for use in ink-jet printing. 11. A printed matter which is obtained by bringing the ink according to claim 1 in contact with the surface of a recording medium, and then causing the carbonyl group of the binder (A) and the hydrazine structure of the compound (B) contained in the ink to be reacted with each other, forming a structure represented by the following chemical formula (1): 12. A method for producing a printed matter, comprising bringing the ink according to claim 1 in contact with the surface of a recording medium, and then drying the ink while maintaining the surface temperature of the recording medium in the range of 5 to 60° C. to cause the carbonyl group of the binder (A) and the hydrazine structure of the compound (B) contained in the ink to be reacted with each other, forming a structure represented by the following chemical formula (1): 13. A method for producing a printed matter, comprising bringing the ink for ink-jet printing according to claim 10 in contact with the surface of a recording medium by an ink-jet recording method in which the gap between a plane (x) having an ink outlet of an ink-jet head and a position (y) of an intersection of the perpendicular line to the plane (x) and the recording medium is set at 1 mm or more, and then drying the ink while maintaining the surface temperature of the recording medium in the range of 5 to 60° C. to cause the carbonyl group of the binder (A) and the hydrazine structure of the compound (B) contained in the ink to be reacted with each other, forming a structure represented by the following chemical formula (1): | A task to be achieved by the present invention is to provide an ink having excellent adhesion to an ink unabsorbent or non-absorbent recording medium, such as a resin film or coated paper, which is unlikely to absorb a solvent contained in an ink, and excellent setting property. The present invention is directed to an ink including a binder (A) having a carbonyl group, a compound (B) having a structure capable of reacting with the carbonyl group, and an aqueous medium in which the binder (A) and the compound (B) are dissolved or dispersed.1. An ink comprising: a binder (A) having a carbonyl group; a compound (B) having a structure capable of reacting with the carbonyl group; and an aqueous medium (C) in which the binder (A) and the compound (B) are dissolved or dispersed. 2. The ink according to claim 1, wherein the binder (A) is a core-shell polymer, wherein the core-shell polymer has a core portion having a carbonyl group. 3. The ink according to claim 1, wherein the core-shell polymer has a core portion comprising an acrylic polymer of a vinyl monomer component containing diacetone acrylamide, and a shell portion comprising an arbitrary acrylic polymer. 4. The ink according to claim 1, wherein the compound (B) is a compound having a hydrazine structure. 5. The ink according to claim 4, wherein the compound (B) is adipic dihydrazide. 6. The ink according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous medium (C) contains a solvent (C1) having a Hansen solubility parameter in which the polar term is 7 or more and the hydrogen bond term is 15 or more. 7. The ink according to claim 6, wherein the solvent (C1) contains 1,2-propanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 3-methyl-1,3-butanediol, or 3-methyl-1,4-butanediol. 8. The ink according to claim 6, wherein the solvent (C1) contains 1,2-propanediol and at least one member selected from the group consisting of 1,2-hexanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 3-methyl-1,3-butanediol, and 3-methyl-1,4-butanediol. 9. The ink according to claim 6, wherein the mass proportion of the binder (A) to the whole of the ink is in the range of 3 to 10% by mass, the mass proportion of the compound (B) to the binder (A) is in the range of 0.1 to 5% by mass, and the mass proportion of the solvent (C1) to the whole of the ink is in the range of 15 to 40% by mass. 10. The ink according to claim 1, which is for use in ink-jet printing. 11. A printed matter which is obtained by bringing the ink according to claim 1 in contact with the surface of a recording medium, and then causing the carbonyl group of the binder (A) and the hydrazine structure of the compound (B) contained in the ink to be reacted with each other, forming a structure represented by the following chemical formula (1): 12. A method for producing a printed matter, comprising bringing the ink according to claim 1 in contact with the surface of a recording medium, and then drying the ink while maintaining the surface temperature of the recording medium in the range of 5 to 60° C. to cause the carbonyl group of the binder (A) and the hydrazine structure of the compound (B) contained in the ink to be reacted with each other, forming a structure represented by the following chemical formula (1): 13. A method for producing a printed matter, comprising bringing the ink for ink-jet printing according to claim 10 in contact with the surface of a recording medium by an ink-jet recording method in which the gap between a plane (x) having an ink outlet of an ink-jet head and a position (y) of an intersection of the perpendicular line to the plane (x) and the recording medium is set at 1 mm or more, and then drying the ink while maintaining the surface temperature of the recording medium in the range of 5 to 60° C. to cause the carbonyl group of the binder (A) and the hydrazine structure of the compound (B) contained in the ink to be reacted with each other, forming a structure represented by the following chemical formula (1): | 2,800 |
342,707 | 16,642,425 | 2,837 | A sub-pixel arrangement structure, a mask device, and a display device are provided. The sub-pixel arrangement structure includes: a reference sub-pixel array, a plurality of third sub-pixels, and a plurality of fourth sub-pixels. In the reference sub-pixel array, each row of sub-pixels or each column of sub-pixels includes: first sub-pixels and second sub-pixels, both of which are arranged alternately; in either or both of first and second directions of the sub-pixels in the reference sub-pixel array, one of the third sub-pixels is arranged between any two adjacent sub-pixels in the reference sub-pixel array; and one of the fourth sub-pixels is arranged among any four adjacent sub-pixels in the reference sub-pixel array, and a center of the one of the fourth sub-pixels is located between two rows of sub-pixels of the four sub-pixels arranged in two rows and two column. | 1. A sub-pixel arrangement structure, comprising: a reference sub-pixel array, a plurality of third sub-pixels, and a plurality of fourth sub-pixels, wherein
the reference sub-pixel array comprises: first sub-pixels and second sub-pixels, both of which are arranged alternately in a first direction and a second direction; in at least one of the first and second directions, one of the third sub-pixels is arranged between one of the first sub-pixels and one of the second sub-pixels adjacent to the one of the first sub-pixels, in the reference sub-pixel array; and one of the fourth sub-pixels is arranged among four sub-pixels arranged in two rows and two columns in the reference sub-pixel array, the four sub-pixels comprise two of the first sub-pixels and two of the second sub-pixels; and a center of the one of the fourth sub-pixels is located between two rows of sub-pixels of the four sub-pixels arranged in two rows and two columns. 2. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein the fourth sub-pixels and the first sub-pixels are alternately arranged in a third direction; the fourth sub-pixels and the second sub-pixels are arranged alternately in the third direction; and the third direction is intersected with both the first and second directions. 3. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein the sub-pixel arrangement structure meets at least one of followings:
for at least one type of the first and second sub-pixels, a size of the sub-pixels in the second direction is larger than the size of the sub-pixels in the first direction; and the third sub-pixels are located between adjacent first and the second sub-pixels only in the first direction; the third sub-pixels and the fourth sub-pixels are arranged alternately in the second direction; a size of the third sub-pixels is smaller than a size of the fourth sub-pixels in the first and second directions, and the size of the fourth sub-pixels is smaller than the size of the first and second sub-pixels in the second direction; and within a circumscribed rectangular area of the four sub-pixels arranged in two rows and two columns in the reference sub-pixel array, a number of the first sub-pixels, a number of the second sub-pixels, and a number of the third sub-pixels are all two times a number of the fourth sub-pixels. 4-6. (canceled) 7. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein the sub-pixel arrangement structure meets at least one of followings:
for at least one type of the first and second sub-pixels, a size of the sub-pixels in the second direction is larger than the size of the sub-pixels in the first direction; and the third sub-pixels are all located between the adjacent first and second sub-pixels in the first and second directions; the third sub-pixels and the fourth sub-pixels are arranged alternately in the first and second directions; in the first and second directions, a size of the third sub-pixels is smaller than a size of the fourth sub-pixels, and the size of the fourth sub-pixels is equal to the size of the first and second sub-pixels; and within a circumscribed rectangular area of the four sub-pixels arranged in two rows and two columns in the reference sub-pixel array, a number of the first sub-pixels and a number of the second sub-pixels are both two times a number of the fourth sub-pixels, and a number of the third sub-pixels is four times the number of the fourth sub-pixels. 8-10. (canceled) 11. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein centers of the four sub-pixels arranged in two rows and two columns in the reference sub-pixel array are located at four vertexes of a rectangle, and centers of all the sub-pixels in the reference sub-pixel array are located at vertexes of a plurality of rectangles arranged in a checkerboard pattern. 12. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein the sub-pixel arrangement structure is located on a substrate; orthographic projections of the sub-pixels in the sub-pixel arrangement structure on the substrate approximately have a shape of a polygon; and a ratio of a maximum spacing to a minimum spacing between two opposite sides of any two adjacent sub-pixels ranges from 0.8 to 1.2. 13. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein orthographic projections of the first and second sub-pixels on the substrate approximately have a shape of an octagon; orthographic projections of the third sub-pixels on the substrate approximately have a shape of a rectangle; and orthographic projections of the fourth sub-pixels on the substrate approximately have a shape of a hexagon. 14. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 13, wherein the octagon comprises two sides having an angle of less than 3 degrees with the first direction, and two sides having an angle of less than 3 degrees with the second direction; the rectangle comprises two sides having an angle of less than 3 degrees with the first direction, and two sides having an angle of less than 3 degrees with the second direction; and the hexagon comprises two sides having an angle of less than 3 degrees with the first direction. 15. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein orthographic projections of the first, second and fourth sub-pixels on the substrate approximately have a shape of an octagon; and orthographic projections of the third sub-pixels on the substrate approximately have a shape of a square. 16. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 15, wherein the octagon comprises two sides having an angle of less than 3 degrees with the first direction, and two sides having an angle of less than 3 degrees with the second direction; and the rectangle comprises two sides having an angle of less than 3 degrees with the first direction, and two sides having an angle of less than 3 degrees with the second direction. 17. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 12, wherein the polygon is a rounded polygon. 18. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of spacing between any two adjacent sub-pixels in the sub-pixel arrangement structure to a target spacing ranges from 0.8 to 1.2. 19. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein colors of the first, second, third and fourth sub-pixels comprise: red, blue, green, and a first color; and the first color comprises any one of white, yellow and cyan. 20. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 19, wherein either of the first and second sub-pixels has a color of red, and the other has a color of blue; and the color of the third sub-pixels is the first color, and the color of the fourth sub-pixels is green. 21. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein the sub-pixel arrangement structure is located on the substrate; blue sub-pixels are present among the first, second, third and fourth sub-pixels; and the blue sub-pixels are sub-pixels which have the largest area of the orthographic projection on the substrate in the sub-pixel arrangement structure. 22. A mask device for manufacturing the sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein the sub-pixel arrangement structure comprises: first sub-pixels, second sub-pixels, third sub-pixels and fourth sub-pixels; and
the mask device comprise at least one mask plate, wherein the at least one mask plate has openings corresponding to the respective sub-pixels of the first, second, third and fourth sub-pixels, and the openings are adapted to manufacture sub-pixels corresponding to the openings. 23. The mask device according to claim 22, wherein the at least one mask plate comprises: four mask plates; the four mask plates are in one-to-one correspondence to the first sub-pixels, the second sub-pixels, the third sub-pixels, and the fourth sub-pixels; and each of the mask plates has openings corresponding to the sub-pixels. 24. A display device, comprising the sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1. 25. (canceled) 26. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 14, wherein,
the fourth sub-pixels and the first sub-pixels are alternately arranged in a third direction; the fourth sub-pixels and the second sub-pixels are arranged alternately in the third direction; and the third direction is intersected with both the first and second directions; for each type of the first and second sub-pixels, a size of the sub-pixels in the second direction is larger than the size of the sub-pixels in the first direction; and the third sub-pixels are located between adjacent first and the second sub-pixels only in the first direction; the third sub-pixels and the fourth sub-pixels are arranged alternately in the second direction; a size of the third sub-pixels is smaller than a size of the fourth sub-pixels in the first and second directions, and the size of the fourth sub-pixels is smaller than the size of the first and second sub-pixels in the second direction; within a circumscribed rectangular area of the four sub-pixels arranged in two rows and two columns in the reference sub-pixel array, a number of the first sub-pixels, a number of the second sub-pixels, and a number of the third sub-pixels are all two times a number of the fourth sub-pixels; centers of the four sub-pixels arranged in two rows and two columns in the reference sub-pixel array are located at four vertexes of a rectangle, and centers of all the sub-pixels in the reference sub-pixel array are located at vertexes of a plurality of rectangles arranged in a checkerboard pattern; a ratio of a maximum spacing to a minimum spacing between two opposite sides of any two adjacent sub-pixels ranges from 0.8 to 1.2; either of the first and second sub-pixels has a color of red, and the other has a color of blue; and the color of the third sub-pixels is the first color, and the color of the fourth sub-pixels is green; the first color comprises any one of white, yellow and cyan; the sub-pixel arrangement structure is located on the substrate; and the blue sub-pixels are sub-pixels which have the largest area of the orthographic projection on the substrate in the sub-pixel arrangement structure. 27. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 16, wherein,
the fourth sub-pixels and the first sub-pixels are alternately arranged in a third direction; the fourth sub-pixels and the second sub-pixels are arranged alternately in the third direction; and the third direction is intersected with both the first and second directions; for each type of the first and second sub-pixels, a size of the sub-pixels in the second direction is equal to the size of the sub-pixels in the first direction; and the third sub-pixels are located between adjacent first and the second sub-pixels in the first and second directions; the third sub-pixels and the fourth sub-pixels are arranged alternately in the first and second directions; in the first and second directions, a size of the third sub-pixels is smaller than a size of the fourth sub-pixels, and the size of the fourth sub-pixels is equal to the size of the first and second sub-pixels; and within a circumscribed rectangular area of the four sub-pixels arranged in two rows and two columns in the reference sub-pixel array, a number of the first sub-pixels and a number of the second sub-pixels are both two times a number of the fourth sub-pixels, and a number of the third sub-pixels is four times the number of the fourth sub-pixels; centers of the four sub-pixels arranged in two rows and two columns in the reference sub-pixel array are located at four vertexes of a rectangle, and centers of all the sub-pixels in the reference sub-pixel array are located at vertexes of a plurality of rectangles arranged in a checkerboard pattern; in the sub-pixel arrangement structure, a ratio of a maximum spacing to a minimum spacing between two opposite sides of any two adjacent sub-pixels ranges from 0.8 to 1.2; and either of the first and second sub-pixels has a color of red, and the other has a color of blue; and the color of the third sub-pixels is the first color, and the color of the fourth sub-pixels is green; the first color comprises any one of white, yellow and cyan; the sub-pixel arrangement structure is located on the substrate; and the blue sub-pixels are sub-pixels which have the largest area of the orthographic projection on the substrate in the sub-pixel arrangement structure. | A sub-pixel arrangement structure, a mask device, and a display device are provided. The sub-pixel arrangement structure includes: a reference sub-pixel array, a plurality of third sub-pixels, and a plurality of fourth sub-pixels. In the reference sub-pixel array, each row of sub-pixels or each column of sub-pixels includes: first sub-pixels and second sub-pixels, both of which are arranged alternately; in either or both of first and second directions of the sub-pixels in the reference sub-pixel array, one of the third sub-pixels is arranged between any two adjacent sub-pixels in the reference sub-pixel array; and one of the fourth sub-pixels is arranged among any four adjacent sub-pixels in the reference sub-pixel array, and a center of the one of the fourth sub-pixels is located between two rows of sub-pixels of the four sub-pixels arranged in two rows and two column.1. A sub-pixel arrangement structure, comprising: a reference sub-pixel array, a plurality of third sub-pixels, and a plurality of fourth sub-pixels, wherein
the reference sub-pixel array comprises: first sub-pixels and second sub-pixels, both of which are arranged alternately in a first direction and a second direction; in at least one of the first and second directions, one of the third sub-pixels is arranged between one of the first sub-pixels and one of the second sub-pixels adjacent to the one of the first sub-pixels, in the reference sub-pixel array; and one of the fourth sub-pixels is arranged among four sub-pixels arranged in two rows and two columns in the reference sub-pixel array, the four sub-pixels comprise two of the first sub-pixels and two of the second sub-pixels; and a center of the one of the fourth sub-pixels is located between two rows of sub-pixels of the four sub-pixels arranged in two rows and two columns. 2. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein the fourth sub-pixels and the first sub-pixels are alternately arranged in a third direction; the fourth sub-pixels and the second sub-pixels are arranged alternately in the third direction; and the third direction is intersected with both the first and second directions. 3. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein the sub-pixel arrangement structure meets at least one of followings:
for at least one type of the first and second sub-pixels, a size of the sub-pixels in the second direction is larger than the size of the sub-pixels in the first direction; and the third sub-pixels are located between adjacent first and the second sub-pixels only in the first direction; the third sub-pixels and the fourth sub-pixels are arranged alternately in the second direction; a size of the third sub-pixels is smaller than a size of the fourth sub-pixels in the first and second directions, and the size of the fourth sub-pixels is smaller than the size of the first and second sub-pixels in the second direction; and within a circumscribed rectangular area of the four sub-pixels arranged in two rows and two columns in the reference sub-pixel array, a number of the first sub-pixels, a number of the second sub-pixels, and a number of the third sub-pixels are all two times a number of the fourth sub-pixels. 4-6. (canceled) 7. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein the sub-pixel arrangement structure meets at least one of followings:
for at least one type of the first and second sub-pixels, a size of the sub-pixels in the second direction is larger than the size of the sub-pixels in the first direction; and the third sub-pixels are all located between the adjacent first and second sub-pixels in the first and second directions; the third sub-pixels and the fourth sub-pixels are arranged alternately in the first and second directions; in the first and second directions, a size of the third sub-pixels is smaller than a size of the fourth sub-pixels, and the size of the fourth sub-pixels is equal to the size of the first and second sub-pixels; and within a circumscribed rectangular area of the four sub-pixels arranged in two rows and two columns in the reference sub-pixel array, a number of the first sub-pixels and a number of the second sub-pixels are both two times a number of the fourth sub-pixels, and a number of the third sub-pixels is four times the number of the fourth sub-pixels. 8-10. (canceled) 11. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein centers of the four sub-pixels arranged in two rows and two columns in the reference sub-pixel array are located at four vertexes of a rectangle, and centers of all the sub-pixels in the reference sub-pixel array are located at vertexes of a plurality of rectangles arranged in a checkerboard pattern. 12. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein the sub-pixel arrangement structure is located on a substrate; orthographic projections of the sub-pixels in the sub-pixel arrangement structure on the substrate approximately have a shape of a polygon; and a ratio of a maximum spacing to a minimum spacing between two opposite sides of any two adjacent sub-pixels ranges from 0.8 to 1.2. 13. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein orthographic projections of the first and second sub-pixels on the substrate approximately have a shape of an octagon; orthographic projections of the third sub-pixels on the substrate approximately have a shape of a rectangle; and orthographic projections of the fourth sub-pixels on the substrate approximately have a shape of a hexagon. 14. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 13, wherein the octagon comprises two sides having an angle of less than 3 degrees with the first direction, and two sides having an angle of less than 3 degrees with the second direction; the rectangle comprises two sides having an angle of less than 3 degrees with the first direction, and two sides having an angle of less than 3 degrees with the second direction; and the hexagon comprises two sides having an angle of less than 3 degrees with the first direction. 15. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein orthographic projections of the first, second and fourth sub-pixels on the substrate approximately have a shape of an octagon; and orthographic projections of the third sub-pixels on the substrate approximately have a shape of a square. 16. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 15, wherein the octagon comprises two sides having an angle of less than 3 degrees with the first direction, and two sides having an angle of less than 3 degrees with the second direction; and the rectangle comprises two sides having an angle of less than 3 degrees with the first direction, and two sides having an angle of less than 3 degrees with the second direction. 17. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 12, wherein the polygon is a rounded polygon. 18. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of spacing between any two adjacent sub-pixels in the sub-pixel arrangement structure to a target spacing ranges from 0.8 to 1.2. 19. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein colors of the first, second, third and fourth sub-pixels comprise: red, blue, green, and a first color; and the first color comprises any one of white, yellow and cyan. 20. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 19, wherein either of the first and second sub-pixels has a color of red, and the other has a color of blue; and the color of the third sub-pixels is the first color, and the color of the fourth sub-pixels is green. 21. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein the sub-pixel arrangement structure is located on the substrate; blue sub-pixels are present among the first, second, third and fourth sub-pixels; and the blue sub-pixels are sub-pixels which have the largest area of the orthographic projection on the substrate in the sub-pixel arrangement structure. 22. A mask device for manufacturing the sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein the sub-pixel arrangement structure comprises: first sub-pixels, second sub-pixels, third sub-pixels and fourth sub-pixels; and
the mask device comprise at least one mask plate, wherein the at least one mask plate has openings corresponding to the respective sub-pixels of the first, second, third and fourth sub-pixels, and the openings are adapted to manufacture sub-pixels corresponding to the openings. 23. The mask device according to claim 22, wherein the at least one mask plate comprises: four mask plates; the four mask plates are in one-to-one correspondence to the first sub-pixels, the second sub-pixels, the third sub-pixels, and the fourth sub-pixels; and each of the mask plates has openings corresponding to the sub-pixels. 24. A display device, comprising the sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 1. 25. (canceled) 26. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 14, wherein,
the fourth sub-pixels and the first sub-pixels are alternately arranged in a third direction; the fourth sub-pixels and the second sub-pixels are arranged alternately in the third direction; and the third direction is intersected with both the first and second directions; for each type of the first and second sub-pixels, a size of the sub-pixels in the second direction is larger than the size of the sub-pixels in the first direction; and the third sub-pixels are located between adjacent first and the second sub-pixels only in the first direction; the third sub-pixels and the fourth sub-pixels are arranged alternately in the second direction; a size of the third sub-pixels is smaller than a size of the fourth sub-pixels in the first and second directions, and the size of the fourth sub-pixels is smaller than the size of the first and second sub-pixels in the second direction; within a circumscribed rectangular area of the four sub-pixels arranged in two rows and two columns in the reference sub-pixel array, a number of the first sub-pixels, a number of the second sub-pixels, and a number of the third sub-pixels are all two times a number of the fourth sub-pixels; centers of the four sub-pixels arranged in two rows and two columns in the reference sub-pixel array are located at four vertexes of a rectangle, and centers of all the sub-pixels in the reference sub-pixel array are located at vertexes of a plurality of rectangles arranged in a checkerboard pattern; a ratio of a maximum spacing to a minimum spacing between two opposite sides of any two adjacent sub-pixels ranges from 0.8 to 1.2; either of the first and second sub-pixels has a color of red, and the other has a color of blue; and the color of the third sub-pixels is the first color, and the color of the fourth sub-pixels is green; the first color comprises any one of white, yellow and cyan; the sub-pixel arrangement structure is located on the substrate; and the blue sub-pixels are sub-pixels which have the largest area of the orthographic projection on the substrate in the sub-pixel arrangement structure. 27. The sub-pixel arrangement structure according to claim 16, wherein,
the fourth sub-pixels and the first sub-pixels are alternately arranged in a third direction; the fourth sub-pixels and the second sub-pixels are arranged alternately in the third direction; and the third direction is intersected with both the first and second directions; for each type of the first and second sub-pixels, a size of the sub-pixels in the second direction is equal to the size of the sub-pixels in the first direction; and the third sub-pixels are located between adjacent first and the second sub-pixels in the first and second directions; the third sub-pixels and the fourth sub-pixels are arranged alternately in the first and second directions; in the first and second directions, a size of the third sub-pixels is smaller than a size of the fourth sub-pixels, and the size of the fourth sub-pixels is equal to the size of the first and second sub-pixels; and within a circumscribed rectangular area of the four sub-pixels arranged in two rows and two columns in the reference sub-pixel array, a number of the first sub-pixels and a number of the second sub-pixels are both two times a number of the fourth sub-pixels, and a number of the third sub-pixels is four times the number of the fourth sub-pixels; centers of the four sub-pixels arranged in two rows and two columns in the reference sub-pixel array are located at four vertexes of a rectangle, and centers of all the sub-pixels in the reference sub-pixel array are located at vertexes of a plurality of rectangles arranged in a checkerboard pattern; in the sub-pixel arrangement structure, a ratio of a maximum spacing to a minimum spacing between two opposite sides of any two adjacent sub-pixels ranges from 0.8 to 1.2; and either of the first and second sub-pixels has a color of red, and the other has a color of blue; and the color of the third sub-pixels is the first color, and the color of the fourth sub-pixels is green; the first color comprises any one of white, yellow and cyan; the sub-pixel arrangement structure is located on the substrate; and the blue sub-pixels are sub-pixels which have the largest area of the orthographic projection on the substrate in the sub-pixel arrangement structure. | 2,800 |
342,708 | 16,642,457 | 2,837 | The embodiments of the present disclosure provide an information processing method and related product, the method includes: receiving a search request containing a keyword; searching in a preset application library to obtain a search result set according to the keyword, wherein the search result set comprises N applications; obtaining M applications from the N applications, wherein the M applications each comprises at least one APP ID related information and thereby the M applications comprise Q APP ID related information; updating the search result set according to the Q APP ID related information; and sending the search result set. The invention can improve the accuracy of the search result set. | 1. An information processing method, comprising:
receiving a search request containing a keyword; searching in a preset application library to obtain a search result set according to the keyword, wherein the search result set comprises N applications and the N is a positive integer; obtaining M applications from the N applications, wherein the M applications each comprises at least one application identification (APP ID) related information and thereby the M applications comprise Q APP ID related information, the M is a positive integer less than or equal to the N, and the Q is a positive integer greater than or equal to the M; updating the search result set according to the Q APP ID related information; and sending the updated search result set. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the operation of updating the search result set according to the Q APP ID related information comprises:
obtaining a matching value between each of the Q APP ID related information and the keyword to obtain Q matching values; selecting L matching values that less than a first preset threshold value from the Q matching values, wherein the L is a positive integer less than or equal to the M; deleting one or more applications which comprise the APP ID related information corresponding to the L matching values in the search result set. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the operation of updating the search result set according to the Q APP ID related information comprises:
searching history search records to obtain K search request records each containing the keyword, wherein the K is a positive integer; updating the search result set according to the K search request records. 4. The method of claim 3, the operation of updating the search result set according to the K search request records comprising:
obtaining search times of each of the Q APP ID related information from the K search request records to obtain Q search times; selecting L search times less than a second preset threshold from the Q search times, wherein the L is a positive integer less than or equal to the M; deleting one or more applications which comprise the APP ID related information corresponding to the L search times in the search result set. 5. The method of claim 4, after the operation of searching history search records to obtain K search request records each containing the keyword, the method further comprising:
obtaining search times of target APP ID related information, when the K search request records contain one or more target applications corresponding to the target APP ID related information which are inconsistent with the Q APP ID related information; adding the one or more target applications to the search result set, when the search times of the target APP ID related information are greater than or equal to the second preset threshold. 6. The method of claim 5, after the operation of updating the search result set according to the Q APP ID related information, the method further comprising:
establishing an association relationship between the keyword and the search result set, and storing the association relationship. 7. The method of claim 1, the operation of searching in a preset application library to obtain a search result set according to the keyword comprising:
obtaining R applications corresponding to the keyword, wherein the R is an integer greater than N; obtaining a ratio of downloads to views of each of the R applications to obtain R ratios; sorting the R ratios in a descending order, and obtaining applications corresponding to the first N ratios to obtain the search result set. 8. The method of claim 7, the operation of obtaining R applications corresponding to the keyword comprising:
splitting and combining the keyword to obtain a plurality of related words; searching the R applications corresponding to the plurality of related words in the preset application library. 9.-16. (canceled) 17. A server, comprising an input device, an output device, and a processor, wherein:
the input device is configured to receive a search request containing a keyword; the processor is configured to search in a preset application library to obtain a search result set comprising a plurality of applications according to the keyword; obtain one or more applications that each comprises at least one application identification (APP ID) related information from the search result set and update the search result set according to the APP ID related information comprised by the applications; the output device is configured to send the updated search result set. 18.-19. (canceled) 20. A computer program product, wherein the computer program product comprises a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program is operable to cause a computer to perform an information processing method, the method comprises:
receiving a search request containing a keyword; searching in a preset application library to obtain a search result set according to the keyword, wherein the search result set comprises N applications and the N is a positive integer; obtaining M applications from the N applications, wherein the M applications each comprises at least one application identification (APP ID) related information and thereby the M applications comprise Q APP ID related information, the M is a positive integer less than or equal to the N, and the Q is a positive integer greater than or equal to the M; updating the search result set according to the Q APP ID related information; and sending the updated search result set. 21. The method of claim 2, wherein the matching value is between the keyword and application description generated according to the APP ID related information. 22. The method of claim 1, the operation of updating the search result set according to the Q APP ID related information comprising:
deleting L applications from the M applications to update the search result set according to the Q APP ID related information, and the L is a positive integer less than or equal to M. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the L applications are non-hot applications among the M applications. 24. The method of claim 3, wherein the K search request records are sent from a mobile terminal to a server, or
the K search request records are received by a server. 25. The method of claim 4, wherein the second preset threshold is a preset value, or the second preset threshold is a value corresponding to a preset ratio of K. 26. The method of claim 1, wherein display content of the application in the search result set comprises at least one of the following:
an application name or application icon; at least one screenshot of the resource that is started or run in the application; and a recommended small video, a guide video, or a link to the application. 27. The method of claim 1, wherein the display order of the applications in the search result set is based on a matching value between the keyword and the APP ID or the time when the application is searched. 28. The server of claim 17, wherein the processor is configured to search in a preset application library to obtain a search result set according to the keyword, wherein the search result set comprises N applications and the N is a positive integer; obtain M applications from the N applications, wherein the M applications each comprises at least one APP ID related information and thereby the M applications comprise Q APP ID related information, the M is a positive integer less than or equal to the N, and the Q is an integer greater than or equal to the M; and update the search result set according to the Q APP ID related information. 29. The server of claim 28, wherein the processor is configured to obtain a matching value between each of the Q APP ID related information and the keyword to obtain Q matching values, select L matching values that less than a first preset threshold value from the Q matching values, and delete one or more applications which comprise the APP ID related information corresponding to the L matching values in the search result set, to update the search result set according to the Q APP ID related information, wherein the L is a positive integer less than or equal to the M. 30. The server of claim 28, wherein the processor is configured to search history search records to obtain K search request records each containing the keyword, and update the search result set according to the K search request records, to update the search result set according to the Q APP ID related information, wherein the K is a positive integer. | The embodiments of the present disclosure provide an information processing method and related product, the method includes: receiving a search request containing a keyword; searching in a preset application library to obtain a search result set according to the keyword, wherein the search result set comprises N applications; obtaining M applications from the N applications, wherein the M applications each comprises at least one APP ID related information and thereby the M applications comprise Q APP ID related information; updating the search result set according to the Q APP ID related information; and sending the search result set. The invention can improve the accuracy of the search result set.1. An information processing method, comprising:
receiving a search request containing a keyword; searching in a preset application library to obtain a search result set according to the keyword, wherein the search result set comprises N applications and the N is a positive integer; obtaining M applications from the N applications, wherein the M applications each comprises at least one application identification (APP ID) related information and thereby the M applications comprise Q APP ID related information, the M is a positive integer less than or equal to the N, and the Q is a positive integer greater than or equal to the M; updating the search result set according to the Q APP ID related information; and sending the updated search result set. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the operation of updating the search result set according to the Q APP ID related information comprises:
obtaining a matching value between each of the Q APP ID related information and the keyword to obtain Q matching values; selecting L matching values that less than a first preset threshold value from the Q matching values, wherein the L is a positive integer less than or equal to the M; deleting one or more applications which comprise the APP ID related information corresponding to the L matching values in the search result set. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the operation of updating the search result set according to the Q APP ID related information comprises:
searching history search records to obtain K search request records each containing the keyword, wherein the K is a positive integer; updating the search result set according to the K search request records. 4. The method of claim 3, the operation of updating the search result set according to the K search request records comprising:
obtaining search times of each of the Q APP ID related information from the K search request records to obtain Q search times; selecting L search times less than a second preset threshold from the Q search times, wherein the L is a positive integer less than or equal to the M; deleting one or more applications which comprise the APP ID related information corresponding to the L search times in the search result set. 5. The method of claim 4, after the operation of searching history search records to obtain K search request records each containing the keyword, the method further comprising:
obtaining search times of target APP ID related information, when the K search request records contain one or more target applications corresponding to the target APP ID related information which are inconsistent with the Q APP ID related information; adding the one or more target applications to the search result set, when the search times of the target APP ID related information are greater than or equal to the second preset threshold. 6. The method of claim 5, after the operation of updating the search result set according to the Q APP ID related information, the method further comprising:
establishing an association relationship between the keyword and the search result set, and storing the association relationship. 7. The method of claim 1, the operation of searching in a preset application library to obtain a search result set according to the keyword comprising:
obtaining R applications corresponding to the keyword, wherein the R is an integer greater than N; obtaining a ratio of downloads to views of each of the R applications to obtain R ratios; sorting the R ratios in a descending order, and obtaining applications corresponding to the first N ratios to obtain the search result set. 8. The method of claim 7, the operation of obtaining R applications corresponding to the keyword comprising:
splitting and combining the keyword to obtain a plurality of related words; searching the R applications corresponding to the plurality of related words in the preset application library. 9.-16. (canceled) 17. A server, comprising an input device, an output device, and a processor, wherein:
the input device is configured to receive a search request containing a keyword; the processor is configured to search in a preset application library to obtain a search result set comprising a plurality of applications according to the keyword; obtain one or more applications that each comprises at least one application identification (APP ID) related information from the search result set and update the search result set according to the APP ID related information comprised by the applications; the output device is configured to send the updated search result set. 18.-19. (canceled) 20. A computer program product, wherein the computer program product comprises a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, the computer program is operable to cause a computer to perform an information processing method, the method comprises:
receiving a search request containing a keyword; searching in a preset application library to obtain a search result set according to the keyword, wherein the search result set comprises N applications and the N is a positive integer; obtaining M applications from the N applications, wherein the M applications each comprises at least one application identification (APP ID) related information and thereby the M applications comprise Q APP ID related information, the M is a positive integer less than or equal to the N, and the Q is a positive integer greater than or equal to the M; updating the search result set according to the Q APP ID related information; and sending the updated search result set. 21. The method of claim 2, wherein the matching value is between the keyword and application description generated according to the APP ID related information. 22. The method of claim 1, the operation of updating the search result set according to the Q APP ID related information comprising:
deleting L applications from the M applications to update the search result set according to the Q APP ID related information, and the L is a positive integer less than or equal to M. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the L applications are non-hot applications among the M applications. 24. The method of claim 3, wherein the K search request records are sent from a mobile terminal to a server, or
the K search request records are received by a server. 25. The method of claim 4, wherein the second preset threshold is a preset value, or the second preset threshold is a value corresponding to a preset ratio of K. 26. The method of claim 1, wherein display content of the application in the search result set comprises at least one of the following:
an application name or application icon; at least one screenshot of the resource that is started or run in the application; and a recommended small video, a guide video, or a link to the application. 27. The method of claim 1, wherein the display order of the applications in the search result set is based on a matching value between the keyword and the APP ID or the time when the application is searched. 28. The server of claim 17, wherein the processor is configured to search in a preset application library to obtain a search result set according to the keyword, wherein the search result set comprises N applications and the N is a positive integer; obtain M applications from the N applications, wherein the M applications each comprises at least one APP ID related information and thereby the M applications comprise Q APP ID related information, the M is a positive integer less than or equal to the N, and the Q is an integer greater than or equal to the M; and update the search result set according to the Q APP ID related information. 29. The server of claim 28, wherein the processor is configured to obtain a matching value between each of the Q APP ID related information and the keyword to obtain Q matching values, select L matching values that less than a first preset threshold value from the Q matching values, and delete one or more applications which comprise the APP ID related information corresponding to the L matching values in the search result set, to update the search result set according to the Q APP ID related information, wherein the L is a positive integer less than or equal to the M. 30. The server of claim 28, wherein the processor is configured to search history search records to obtain K search request records each containing the keyword, and update the search result set according to the K search request records, to update the search result set according to the Q APP ID related information, wherein the K is a positive integer. | 2,800 |
342,709 | 16,642,473 | 2,882 | The present application relates to systems, methods, and computer-readable media for deterring video piracy. In aspects, a light source generates an infrared (IR) light spectrum that is projected onto a surface, such as a movie theatre screen. The IR light spectrum may form an watermark that is invisible to members of the audience that are viewing video content projected onto the surface, but that obfuscates at least a portion of video content captured by video recording device that is being used to capture a recording of the video content projected onto the surface. In aspects, a frequency of the IR light spectrum emitted by the light source may be periodically modified to make it more difficult to filter out the watermark. | 1. A system comprising:
a light source configured to emit an infrared (IR) light spectrum or a near IR (nIR) light spectrum; at least one processor configured to:
generate one or more signals configured to control projection of the IR light spectrum or the nIR light spectrum onto a surface to form a watermark; and
periodically modify a frequency of the IR light spectrum or the nIR light spectrum emitted by the light source; and
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor. 2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a beam director unit coupled to the light source and configured to modify, responsive to the one or more signals generated by the at least one processor, a direction of projection for the IR light spectrum or the nIR light spectrum. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein modifying the direction of projection modifies at least one characteristic of the watermark. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the at least one characteristic of the watermark comprises at least one of a shape of the watermark, a size of the watermark, and a location of the watermark. 5. The system of claim 1, further comprising one or more additional light sources configured to emit an IR light spectrum or a nIR light spectrum, wherein at least a portion of the watermark is formed based on the IR light spectrum or the nIR light spectrum emitted by at least one of the one or more additional light sources responsive to signaling generated by the at least one processor. 6. The system of claim 5, further comprising one or more additional steering devices, wherein each of the one or more additional steering devices is coupled to one of the one or more additional light sources and is configured to modify, responsive to signaling generated by the at least one processor, a direction of projection for the IR light spectrum emitted by each of the one or more additional light sources. 7. The system of claim 1, further comprising a primary power supply and a secondary power supply, wherein the primary power supply is configured to draw operational power from an external power source, and wherein the secondary power supply comprises a battery. 8. The system of claim 1, further comprising a second light source configured to emit a visible light spectrum. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the visible light spectrum emitted by the second light source is configured to calibrate a position of the light source, the watermark, or both. 10. The system of claim 1, further comprising a communication interface configured to communicatively couple the at least one processor to a network, wherein the at least one processor is configured to:
generate one or more alerts based on an operational status of the system; and transmit the one or more alerts to a remote device via the network. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the surface comprises a theatre screen, and wherein the watermark is configured to obfuscate at least a portion of video content projected onto the theatre screen by a projector when recorded by a video recording device. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the light source is integrated with the projector. 13. The system of claim 11, wherein the at least one processor is configured to synchronize a location of the watermark to particular regions of the theatre screen. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the watermark comprises a graphic, text, a shape, or a combination thereof. 15. The system of claim 1, further comprising a database, wherein the at least one processor is configured to record information associated with an operational status of the system at the database. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the database stores watermark location information, and wherein the processor is configured to generate the one or more signals configured to form the watermark based on the location information. 17. The system of claim 15, wherein the database stores watermark timing information, and wherein the processor is configured to periodically modify the frequency of the IR light spectrum or the nIR light spectrum emitted by the light source based on the timing information. 18. The system of claim 1, further comprising a randomization engine, wherein the processor is configured to periodically modify the frequency of the IR light spectrum or the nIR light spectrum emitted by the light source based on an output of the randomization engine. 19. A method comprising:
generating, by a light source, an infrared (IR) light spectrum or a near IR (nIR) light spectrum; controlling, by at least one processor, projection of the IR light spectrum or the nIR light spectrum onto a surface to form a watermark; and periodically modifying a frequency of the IR light spectrum or the nIR light spectrum emitted by the light source. 20. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising:
emitting an infrared (IR) light spectrum or a near IR (nIR) light spectrum from a light source; controlling projection of the IR light spectrum or the nIR light spectrum onto a surface to form a watermark; and periodically modifying a frequency of the IR light spectrum or the nIR light spectrum emitted by the light source. 21. A system comprising:
a light source configured to emit an electromagnetic signal; at least one processor configured to:
generate one or more signals configured to control projection of the emitted signal onto a surface to form a watermark; and
periodically modify a frequency of the electromagnetic signal emitted by the light source; and
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor. 22. The system of claim 2 wherein the watermark provides an interference signal which distorts underlying video displayed on the surface when observed through a capture device. | The present application relates to systems, methods, and computer-readable media for deterring video piracy. In aspects, a light source generates an infrared (IR) light spectrum that is projected onto a surface, such as a movie theatre screen. The IR light spectrum may form an watermark that is invisible to members of the audience that are viewing video content projected onto the surface, but that obfuscates at least a portion of video content captured by video recording device that is being used to capture a recording of the video content projected onto the surface. In aspects, a frequency of the IR light spectrum emitted by the light source may be periodically modified to make it more difficult to filter out the watermark.1. A system comprising:
a light source configured to emit an infrared (IR) light spectrum or a near IR (nIR) light spectrum; at least one processor configured to:
generate one or more signals configured to control projection of the IR light spectrum or the nIR light spectrum onto a surface to form a watermark; and
periodically modify a frequency of the IR light spectrum or the nIR light spectrum emitted by the light source; and
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor. 2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a beam director unit coupled to the light source and configured to modify, responsive to the one or more signals generated by the at least one processor, a direction of projection for the IR light spectrum or the nIR light spectrum. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein modifying the direction of projection modifies at least one characteristic of the watermark. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the at least one characteristic of the watermark comprises at least one of a shape of the watermark, a size of the watermark, and a location of the watermark. 5. The system of claim 1, further comprising one or more additional light sources configured to emit an IR light spectrum or a nIR light spectrum, wherein at least a portion of the watermark is formed based on the IR light spectrum or the nIR light spectrum emitted by at least one of the one or more additional light sources responsive to signaling generated by the at least one processor. 6. The system of claim 5, further comprising one or more additional steering devices, wherein each of the one or more additional steering devices is coupled to one of the one or more additional light sources and is configured to modify, responsive to signaling generated by the at least one processor, a direction of projection for the IR light spectrum emitted by each of the one or more additional light sources. 7. The system of claim 1, further comprising a primary power supply and a secondary power supply, wherein the primary power supply is configured to draw operational power from an external power source, and wherein the secondary power supply comprises a battery. 8. The system of claim 1, further comprising a second light source configured to emit a visible light spectrum. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the visible light spectrum emitted by the second light source is configured to calibrate a position of the light source, the watermark, or both. 10. The system of claim 1, further comprising a communication interface configured to communicatively couple the at least one processor to a network, wherein the at least one processor is configured to:
generate one or more alerts based on an operational status of the system; and transmit the one or more alerts to a remote device via the network. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the surface comprises a theatre screen, and wherein the watermark is configured to obfuscate at least a portion of video content projected onto the theatre screen by a projector when recorded by a video recording device. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the light source is integrated with the projector. 13. The system of claim 11, wherein the at least one processor is configured to synchronize a location of the watermark to particular regions of the theatre screen. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the watermark comprises a graphic, text, a shape, or a combination thereof. 15. The system of claim 1, further comprising a database, wherein the at least one processor is configured to record information associated with an operational status of the system at the database. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the database stores watermark location information, and wherein the processor is configured to generate the one or more signals configured to form the watermark based on the location information. 17. The system of claim 15, wherein the database stores watermark timing information, and wherein the processor is configured to periodically modify the frequency of the IR light spectrum or the nIR light spectrum emitted by the light source based on the timing information. 18. The system of claim 1, further comprising a randomization engine, wherein the processor is configured to periodically modify the frequency of the IR light spectrum or the nIR light spectrum emitted by the light source based on an output of the randomization engine. 19. A method comprising:
generating, by a light source, an infrared (IR) light spectrum or a near IR (nIR) light spectrum; controlling, by at least one processor, projection of the IR light spectrum or the nIR light spectrum onto a surface to form a watermark; and periodically modifying a frequency of the IR light spectrum or the nIR light spectrum emitted by the light source. 20. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising:
emitting an infrared (IR) light spectrum or a near IR (nIR) light spectrum from a light source; controlling projection of the IR light spectrum or the nIR light spectrum onto a surface to form a watermark; and periodically modifying a frequency of the IR light spectrum or the nIR light spectrum emitted by the light source. 21. A system comprising:
a light source configured to emit an electromagnetic signal; at least one processor configured to:
generate one or more signals configured to control projection of the emitted signal onto a surface to form a watermark; and
periodically modify a frequency of the electromagnetic signal emitted by the light source; and
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor. 22. The system of claim 2 wherein the watermark provides an interference signal which distorts underlying video displayed on the surface when observed through a capture device. | 2,800 |
342,710 | 16,642,434 | 2,882 | A device is presented for an absorption refrigerator or an absorption heat pump having a heat exchanger through which a working medium flows. The device includes a distribution apparatus for a sorbent which is designed to apply the sorbent to a heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger in a refrigerant environment such that the sorbent, which forms a working pair with the refrigerant, at least partially absorbs the refrigerant from the refrigerant environment and emits heat released in the process to the heat exchanger, or at least partially desorbs the refrigerant from the sorbent in the form of one or more jets onto the heat exchange surface, forming turbulent flows of the sorbent on the heat exchange surface. | 1. A device for an absorption chiller or an absorption heat pump, with
a heat exchanger, through which a working medium flows; and a distributing device for a sorption agent, which is configured to dispense the sorption agent on a heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger in a refrigerant environment, such that the sorption agent, which forms a working pair with the refrigerant, at least partially absorbs the refrigerant from the refrigerant environment, and in doing so emits released heat to the heat exchanger, or at least partially desorbs the refrigerant from the sorption agent in an environment of the sorption agent, and in doing so absorbs heat from the heat exchanger, wherein the distributing device has a jet device, which is configured to emit the sorption agent on the heat exchange surface in the form of one or several jets, and in so doing generate turbulent flows of the sorption agent on the heat exchange surface. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the jet device is configured to emit the sorption agent on the heat exchange surface in the form of several parallel jets. 3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the jet device is configured to emit the sorption agent on the heat exchange surface with one or several transverse jets, wherein the transverse jets run transverse to the heat exchange surface. 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the jet device is configured to emit the sorption agent on the heat exchange surface with one or several inclined jets, wherein the inclined jets run inclined to the heat exchange surface. 5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the jet device has a jet plate with a flat distribution of spaced apart jet sources, which each comprise a source for one of the several jets of the sorption agent. 6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the sorption agent is dispensed by means of the one or the several jets on the heat exchange surface so as to generate turbulent flows in a surface film of the sorption agent. 7. The device according to at claim 1, wherein the jet device is configured to dispense the jets as continuous jets of the sorption agent. 8. The device according to claim 1, wherein the jet device is configured to emit the sorption agent from the jet device at a differential pressure of about 0.25 bar to about 2.50 bar. 9. The device according to claim 1, wherein the jet device is configured to emit the sorption agent on the heat exchange surface at an emission speed of about 3 m/s to about 15 m/s. 10. The device according to claim 1, wherein the jet device is configured to emit the jet or the several jets on the heat exchange surface at an angle perpendicular to the gravitational direction. 11. An absorber for an absorption chiller or an absorption heat pump, with a device according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant is at least partially absorbed from the refrigerant environment, and in so doing emits released heat to the heat exchanger. 12. A desorber for an absorption chiller or an absorption heat pump, with a device according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant is desorbed from the sorption agent at least partially in the environment of the sorption agent, and in so doing absorbs heat from the heat exchanger. 13. An absorption chiller, with a device according to claim 1. 14. An absorption heat pump, with a device according to claim 1. 15. A method for dispensing an absorption agent in an absorption chiller or an absorption heat pump, in which
a working medium flows through a heat exchanger; and a sorption agent is dispensed on a heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger by means of a distributing device in a refrigerant environment, such that the sorption agent, which forms a working pair with the refrigerant, at least partially absorbs the refrigerant from the refrigerant environment, and in doing so emits released heat to the heat exchanger, or at least partially desorbs the refrigerant from the sorption agent in an environment of the sorption agent, and in doing so absorbs heat from the heat exchanger, 16. A device for a chiller or a heat pump, with
a heat exchanger, through which a working medium flows, and a distributing device for a refrigerant, which is configured to dispense the refrigerant on a heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger in a refrigerant environment, such that the refrigerant is at least partially evaporated in the refrigerant environment, and in so doing absorbs heat from the heat exchanger, 17. A method for dispensing a refrigerant in a chiller or a heat pump, in which
a working medium flows through a heat exchanger; and a refrigerant is dispensed on a heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger by means of a distributing device in a refrigerant environment, such that the refrigerant is at least partially evaporated in the refrigerant environment, and in so doing absorbs heat from the heat exchanger; wherein the distributing device has a jet device, with which the refrigerant is emitted on the heat exchange surface in the form of one or several jets, and in so doing generates turbulent flows of the refrigerant on the heat exchange surface. | A device is presented for an absorption refrigerator or an absorption heat pump having a heat exchanger through which a working medium flows. The device includes a distribution apparatus for a sorbent which is designed to apply the sorbent to a heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger in a refrigerant environment such that the sorbent, which forms a working pair with the refrigerant, at least partially absorbs the refrigerant from the refrigerant environment and emits heat released in the process to the heat exchanger, or at least partially desorbs the refrigerant from the sorbent in the form of one or more jets onto the heat exchange surface, forming turbulent flows of the sorbent on the heat exchange surface.1. A device for an absorption chiller or an absorption heat pump, with
a heat exchanger, through which a working medium flows; and a distributing device for a sorption agent, which is configured to dispense the sorption agent on a heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger in a refrigerant environment, such that the sorption agent, which forms a working pair with the refrigerant, at least partially absorbs the refrigerant from the refrigerant environment, and in doing so emits released heat to the heat exchanger, or at least partially desorbs the refrigerant from the sorption agent in an environment of the sorption agent, and in doing so absorbs heat from the heat exchanger, wherein the distributing device has a jet device, which is configured to emit the sorption agent on the heat exchange surface in the form of one or several jets, and in so doing generate turbulent flows of the sorption agent on the heat exchange surface. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the jet device is configured to emit the sorption agent on the heat exchange surface in the form of several parallel jets. 3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the jet device is configured to emit the sorption agent on the heat exchange surface with one or several transverse jets, wherein the transverse jets run transverse to the heat exchange surface. 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the jet device is configured to emit the sorption agent on the heat exchange surface with one or several inclined jets, wherein the inclined jets run inclined to the heat exchange surface. 5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the jet device has a jet plate with a flat distribution of spaced apart jet sources, which each comprise a source for one of the several jets of the sorption agent. 6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the sorption agent is dispensed by means of the one or the several jets on the heat exchange surface so as to generate turbulent flows in a surface film of the sorption agent. 7. The device according to at claim 1, wherein the jet device is configured to dispense the jets as continuous jets of the sorption agent. 8. The device according to claim 1, wherein the jet device is configured to emit the sorption agent from the jet device at a differential pressure of about 0.25 bar to about 2.50 bar. 9. The device according to claim 1, wherein the jet device is configured to emit the sorption agent on the heat exchange surface at an emission speed of about 3 m/s to about 15 m/s. 10. The device according to claim 1, wherein the jet device is configured to emit the jet or the several jets on the heat exchange surface at an angle perpendicular to the gravitational direction. 11. An absorber for an absorption chiller or an absorption heat pump, with a device according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant is at least partially absorbed from the refrigerant environment, and in so doing emits released heat to the heat exchanger. 12. A desorber for an absorption chiller or an absorption heat pump, with a device according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant is desorbed from the sorption agent at least partially in the environment of the sorption agent, and in so doing absorbs heat from the heat exchanger. 13. An absorption chiller, with a device according to claim 1. 14. An absorption heat pump, with a device according to claim 1. 15. A method for dispensing an absorption agent in an absorption chiller or an absorption heat pump, in which
a working medium flows through a heat exchanger; and a sorption agent is dispensed on a heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger by means of a distributing device in a refrigerant environment, such that the sorption agent, which forms a working pair with the refrigerant, at least partially absorbs the refrigerant from the refrigerant environment, and in doing so emits released heat to the heat exchanger, or at least partially desorbs the refrigerant from the sorption agent in an environment of the sorption agent, and in doing so absorbs heat from the heat exchanger, 16. A device for a chiller or a heat pump, with
a heat exchanger, through which a working medium flows, and a distributing device for a refrigerant, which is configured to dispense the refrigerant on a heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger in a refrigerant environment, such that the refrigerant is at least partially evaporated in the refrigerant environment, and in so doing absorbs heat from the heat exchanger, 17. A method for dispensing a refrigerant in a chiller or a heat pump, in which
a working medium flows through a heat exchanger; and a refrigerant is dispensed on a heat exchange surface of the heat exchanger by means of a distributing device in a refrigerant environment, such that the refrigerant is at least partially evaporated in the refrigerant environment, and in so doing absorbs heat from the heat exchanger; wherein the distributing device has a jet device, with which the refrigerant is emitted on the heat exchange surface in the form of one or several jets, and in so doing generates turbulent flows of the refrigerant on the heat exchange surface. | 2,800 |
342,711 | 16,642,471 | 2,882 | A coated metallic substrate including at least a first coating consisting of aluminum is provided. The first coating has a thickness between 1.0 and 4.5 μm and is directly topped by a second coating based on zinc, such second coating having a thickness between 1.5 and 9.0 μm. The thickness ratio of the first coating with respect to the second coating is between 0.2 and 1.2. | 1-18. (canceled) 19. A coated steel substrate comprising:
a steel substrate; and a first coating on the steel substrate, the first coating consisting of aluminum and having a thickness between 1.0 and 4.5 μm and being directly topped by a second coating based on zinc, the second coating having a thickness between 1.5 and 9.0 μm, a thickness ratio of the first coating with respect to the second coating being between 0.2 and 1.2. 20. The coated steel substrate as recited in claim 19 wherein the second coating includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of Si and Mg. 21. The coated steel substrate as recited in claim 19 wherein the second coating includes less than 0.5% by weight of magnesium. 22. The coated steel substrate as recited in claim 19 wherein the second coating does not comprise at least one of the following elements: magnesium, aluminum, copper and silicon. 23. The coated steel substrate as recited in claim 19 wherein the second coating consists of zinc. 24. The coated steel substrate as recited in claim 19 wherein the first coating has a thickness between 2 and 4 μm. 25. The coated steel substrate as recited in claim 19 wherein the second coating has a thickness between 1.5 and 8.5 μm. 26. The coated steel substrate as recited in claim 19 wherein the thickness ratio of the first coating with respect to the second coating is between 0.2 and 0.8. 27. The coated steel substrate as recited in claim 19 further comprising an intermediate layer between the steel substrate and the first coating, the intermediate layer including iron, nickel and chromium. 28. The coated steel substrate as recited in claim 27 wherein the intermediate layer includes titanium. 29. A method for the manufacture of the coated steel substrate as recited in claim 19 comprising the following steps:
providing a steel substrate;
depositing the first coating consisting of aluminum at the thickness of between 1.0 and 4.5 μm; and
depositing the second coating based on zinc at the thickness of between 1.5 and 9.0 μm to achieve the thickness ratio of the first coating with respect to the second coating of between 0.2 and 1.2. 30. The method as recited in claim 29 further comprising preparing a surface of the steel substrate after the providing step and before the depositing of the first coating. 31. The method as recited in claim 30 wherein the surface is prepared by at least one of the following: shot blasting, pickling, etching, polishing, sand blasting, grinding and depositing of an intermediate layer comprising iron, nickel, chromium and optionally titanium. 32. The method as recited in claim 19 wherein the depositing of the first and second coatings are performed independently from each other by hot-dip coating, by electrodeposition process or by vacuum deposition. 33. The method as recited in claim 32 wherein the depositing of the first and second coatings occurs by vacuum deposition, and the first and second coatings independently from each other are deposited by magnetron cathode pulverization process, jet vapor deposition process, electromagnetic levitation evaporation process or electron beam physical vapor deposition. 34. A method for manufacturing an automotive vehicle part comprising: manufacturing the automotive vehicle part using the coated steel substrate as recited in claim 20. 35. An installation for continuous vacuum deposition of coatings on a running steel substrate using the method as recited in claim 19 to obtain the coated steel substrate, the installation comprising:
a first section including an electron beam evaporation device; and
a second section including a jet vapor evaporation device. 36. The installation as recited in claim 35 further comprising an intermediate section including a magnetron cathode pulverization device. 37. The installation as recited in claim 36 wherein the magnetron cathode pulverization device includes a vacuum deposition chamber comprising one target made of iron, chromium, nickel and optionally titanium and a plasma source to deposit an intermediate layer including iron, nickel, chromium and optionally titanium on the steel substrate. 38. The installation as recited in claim 35 wherein in the first section, the electron beam evaporation device includes a vacuum deposition chamber including an evaporation crucible comprising metal consisting of aluminum, a heating device and an electron gun. 39. The installation as recited in claim 35 wherein in the second section, the jet vapor evaporation device includes a vacuum deposition chamber including a vapor jet coater and at least one evaporation crucible suited to feed the vapor jet coater with a vapor based on zinc. | A coated metallic substrate including at least a first coating consisting of aluminum is provided. The first coating has a thickness between 1.0 and 4.5 μm and is directly topped by a second coating based on zinc, such second coating having a thickness between 1.5 and 9.0 μm. The thickness ratio of the first coating with respect to the second coating is between 0.2 and 1.2.1-18. (canceled) 19. A coated steel substrate comprising:
a steel substrate; and a first coating on the steel substrate, the first coating consisting of aluminum and having a thickness between 1.0 and 4.5 μm and being directly topped by a second coating based on zinc, the second coating having a thickness between 1.5 and 9.0 μm, a thickness ratio of the first coating with respect to the second coating being between 0.2 and 1.2. 20. The coated steel substrate as recited in claim 19 wherein the second coating includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of Si and Mg. 21. The coated steel substrate as recited in claim 19 wherein the second coating includes less than 0.5% by weight of magnesium. 22. The coated steel substrate as recited in claim 19 wherein the second coating does not comprise at least one of the following elements: magnesium, aluminum, copper and silicon. 23. The coated steel substrate as recited in claim 19 wherein the second coating consists of zinc. 24. The coated steel substrate as recited in claim 19 wherein the first coating has a thickness between 2 and 4 μm. 25. The coated steel substrate as recited in claim 19 wherein the second coating has a thickness between 1.5 and 8.5 μm. 26. The coated steel substrate as recited in claim 19 wherein the thickness ratio of the first coating with respect to the second coating is between 0.2 and 0.8. 27. The coated steel substrate as recited in claim 19 further comprising an intermediate layer between the steel substrate and the first coating, the intermediate layer including iron, nickel and chromium. 28. The coated steel substrate as recited in claim 27 wherein the intermediate layer includes titanium. 29. A method for the manufacture of the coated steel substrate as recited in claim 19 comprising the following steps:
providing a steel substrate;
depositing the first coating consisting of aluminum at the thickness of between 1.0 and 4.5 μm; and
depositing the second coating based on zinc at the thickness of between 1.5 and 9.0 μm to achieve the thickness ratio of the first coating with respect to the second coating of between 0.2 and 1.2. 30. The method as recited in claim 29 further comprising preparing a surface of the steel substrate after the providing step and before the depositing of the first coating. 31. The method as recited in claim 30 wherein the surface is prepared by at least one of the following: shot blasting, pickling, etching, polishing, sand blasting, grinding and depositing of an intermediate layer comprising iron, nickel, chromium and optionally titanium. 32. The method as recited in claim 19 wherein the depositing of the first and second coatings are performed independently from each other by hot-dip coating, by electrodeposition process or by vacuum deposition. 33. The method as recited in claim 32 wherein the depositing of the first and second coatings occurs by vacuum deposition, and the first and second coatings independently from each other are deposited by magnetron cathode pulverization process, jet vapor deposition process, electromagnetic levitation evaporation process or electron beam physical vapor deposition. 34. A method for manufacturing an automotive vehicle part comprising: manufacturing the automotive vehicle part using the coated steel substrate as recited in claim 20. 35. An installation for continuous vacuum deposition of coatings on a running steel substrate using the method as recited in claim 19 to obtain the coated steel substrate, the installation comprising:
a first section including an electron beam evaporation device; and
a second section including a jet vapor evaporation device. 36. The installation as recited in claim 35 further comprising an intermediate section including a magnetron cathode pulverization device. 37. The installation as recited in claim 36 wherein the magnetron cathode pulverization device includes a vacuum deposition chamber comprising one target made of iron, chromium, nickel and optionally titanium and a plasma source to deposit an intermediate layer including iron, nickel, chromium and optionally titanium on the steel substrate. 38. The installation as recited in claim 35 wherein in the first section, the electron beam evaporation device includes a vacuum deposition chamber including an evaporation crucible comprising metal consisting of aluminum, a heating device and an electron gun. 39. The installation as recited in claim 35 wherein in the second section, the jet vapor evaporation device includes a vacuum deposition chamber including a vapor jet coater and at least one evaporation crucible suited to feed the vapor jet coater with a vapor based on zinc. | 2,800 |
342,712 | 16,642,437 | 2,882 | A latch assembly for selectively preventing a relative movement between first and second components of an aircraft cabin monument, including a latch having a first connection member and a striker plate having a second connection member complementary to and selectively engageable with the first connection member. The engaged latch and striker plate in use are subjected to a load having a use threshold value and a decompression threshold value. The striker plate is designed to have a failure load higher than the use threshold value and lower than the decompression threshold value. The latch has a failure load higher than the use threshold value and higher than the decompression threshold value. A method of tailoring a failure of a latch assembly selectively preventing a relative movement between first and second components of an aircraft cabin monument is also discussed. | 1. A latch assembly for selectively preventing a relative movement between first and second components of an aircraft cabin monument, the latch assembly comprising:
a latch configured for connection to the first component, the latch having a first connection member; and a striker plate configured for connection to the second component, the striker plate having a second connection member complementary to the first connection member and selectively engageable with the first connection member; wherein the engaged latch and striker plate in use are subjected to a load having a use threshold value determined based on a movable mass of the monument and on accelerations generated by predetermined flight conditions, and having a decompression threshold value determined based on decompression pressure conditions; wherein the striker plate is designed to have a predetermined first failure load corresponding to a value of the load upon failure of the striker plate when the first engagement member is subjected to the load, the first failure load being higher than the use threshold value and lower than the decompression threshold value; and wherein the latch has a second failure load corresponding to a value of the load upon failure of the latch when the second engagement member is subjected to the load, the second failure load being higher than the use threshold value and higher than the decompression threshold value. 2. The latch assembly as defined in claim 1, wherein the striker plate has an opening defined therethrough, the striker plate including at least one zone of weakness adjacent the opening, the at least one zone of weakness determining the first failure load. 3. The latch assembly as defined in claim 2, wherein the first connection member of the latch is a latch bolt movable with respect to a housing of the latch, and the second connection member of the striker plate has the opening defined therethrough, the latch bolt engageable within the opening. 4. The latch assembly as defined in claim 2, wherein the opening in the striker plate is configured for receiving a fastener for connecting the striker plate to the second component of the monument. 5. The latch assembly as defined in claim 2, wherein the opening is defined adjacent an edge of the striker plate, the striker plate including an edge portion extending between the edge and the opening, the at least one zone of weakness including two spaced apart zones of weakness defined at opposed ends of the edge portion. 6. The latch assembly as defined in claim 6, wherein each of the two spaced apart zones of weakness is defined by a notch in the striker plate, each notch extending from the opening to the edge of the striker plate. 7. The latch assembly as defined in claim 2, wherein the at least one zone of weakness includes a portion of the striker plate having a thickness smaller than a thickness of a remainder of the striker plate. 8. The latch assembly as defined in claim 2, wherein the at least one zone of weakness includes a portion of the striker plate having a cross-sectional area smaller than a cross-sectional area of a remainder of the striker plate, the cross-sectional areas being defined in a plane containing a thickness of the striker plate. 9. A latch assembly for selectively preventing a relative movement between first and second components of an aircraft cabin monument, the latch assembly comprising:
a latch configured for connection to the first component, the latch having a housing and a latch bolt movable with respect to the housing; and a striker plate configured for connection to the second component, the striker plate having an opening defined therethrough, the latch bolt selectively receivable and engageable within the opening; wherein each of the latch and striker plate has a respective failure load with respect to a load transferred to the latch and striker plate when the latch bolt is engaged in the opening and the first and second components are forced away from each other; wherein the striker plate has at least one zone of weakness designed to determine the failure load of the striker plate; and wherein the failure load of the striker plate is smaller than the failure load of the latch. 10. The latch assembly as defined in claim 9, wherein the opening is defined adjacent an edge of the striker plate, the striker plate including an edge portion extending between the edge and the opening, the at least one zone of weakness being adjacent the opening. 11. The latch assembly as defined in claim 10, wherein the at least one zone of weakness includes two spaced apart zones of weakness defined at opposed ends of the edge portion. 12. The latch assembly as defined in claim 10, wherein each of the two spaced apart zones of weakness is defined by a notch in the striker plate, each notch extending from the opening to the edge of the striker plate. 13. The latch assembly as defined in claim 9, wherein the at least one zone of weakness includes a portion of the striker plate having a thickness smaller than a thickness of a remainder of the striker plate. 14. The latch assembly as defined in claim 9, wherein the at least one zone of weakness includes a portion of the striker plate having a cross-sectional area smaller than a cross-sectional area of a remainder of the striker plate, the cross-sectional areas being defined in a plane containing a thickness of the striker plate. 15. A method of tailoring a failure of a latch assembly selectively preventing a relative movement between first and second components of an aircraft cabin monument, the method comprising:
determining a use threshold value of a load applied to the latch assembly during predetermined flight conditions based on a movable mass of the monument and on accelerations generated by the predetermined flight conditions; determining a decompression threshold value of the load applied to the latch assembly based on decompression pressure conditions; selecting a latch of the latch assembly for connection to the first component of the monument, the latch being selected to have a failure load higher than the use threshold value and higher than the decompression threshold value; and configuring a striker plate of the latch assembly for connection to the second component of the monument and for selectively engaging the latch, the striker plate being configured to have a failure load higher than the use threshold value and lower than the decompression threshold value. 16. The method as defined in claim 15, wherein the striker plate has an opening defined therethrough, and configuring the striker plate includes defining at least one zone of weakness adjacent the opening, the at least one zone of weakness determining the failure load of the striker plate. 17. The method as defined in claim 16, wherein the opening in the striker plate is configured to receive and engage a latch bolt of the latch. 18. The method as defined in claim 16, wherein the opening in the striker plate is configured for receiving a fastener connecting the striker plate to the second component of the monument. 19. The method as defined in claim 15, wherein the striker plate has an opening defined therethrough, and configuring the striker plate includes defining two spaced apart zones of weakness adjacent the opening, the zones of weakness designed to determine the failure load of the striker plate. 20. The method as defined in claim 16, wherein defining the at least one zone of weakness includes reducing a thickness of a portion of the striker plate. 21. The method as defined in claim 16, wherein defining the at least one zone of weakness includes reducing a thickness of a cross-sectional area of a portion of the striker plate, the cross-sectional areas being defined in a plane containing a thickness of the striker plate. | A latch assembly for selectively preventing a relative movement between first and second components of an aircraft cabin monument, including a latch having a first connection member and a striker plate having a second connection member complementary to and selectively engageable with the first connection member. The engaged latch and striker plate in use are subjected to a load having a use threshold value and a decompression threshold value. The striker plate is designed to have a failure load higher than the use threshold value and lower than the decompression threshold value. The latch has a failure load higher than the use threshold value and higher than the decompression threshold value. A method of tailoring a failure of a latch assembly selectively preventing a relative movement between first and second components of an aircraft cabin monument is also discussed.1. A latch assembly for selectively preventing a relative movement between first and second components of an aircraft cabin monument, the latch assembly comprising:
a latch configured for connection to the first component, the latch having a first connection member; and a striker plate configured for connection to the second component, the striker plate having a second connection member complementary to the first connection member and selectively engageable with the first connection member; wherein the engaged latch and striker plate in use are subjected to a load having a use threshold value determined based on a movable mass of the monument and on accelerations generated by predetermined flight conditions, and having a decompression threshold value determined based on decompression pressure conditions; wherein the striker plate is designed to have a predetermined first failure load corresponding to a value of the load upon failure of the striker plate when the first engagement member is subjected to the load, the first failure load being higher than the use threshold value and lower than the decompression threshold value; and wherein the latch has a second failure load corresponding to a value of the load upon failure of the latch when the second engagement member is subjected to the load, the second failure load being higher than the use threshold value and higher than the decompression threshold value. 2. The latch assembly as defined in claim 1, wherein the striker plate has an opening defined therethrough, the striker plate including at least one zone of weakness adjacent the opening, the at least one zone of weakness determining the first failure load. 3. The latch assembly as defined in claim 2, wherein the first connection member of the latch is a latch bolt movable with respect to a housing of the latch, and the second connection member of the striker plate has the opening defined therethrough, the latch bolt engageable within the opening. 4. The latch assembly as defined in claim 2, wherein the opening in the striker plate is configured for receiving a fastener for connecting the striker plate to the second component of the monument. 5. The latch assembly as defined in claim 2, wherein the opening is defined adjacent an edge of the striker plate, the striker plate including an edge portion extending between the edge and the opening, the at least one zone of weakness including two spaced apart zones of weakness defined at opposed ends of the edge portion. 6. The latch assembly as defined in claim 6, wherein each of the two spaced apart zones of weakness is defined by a notch in the striker plate, each notch extending from the opening to the edge of the striker plate. 7. The latch assembly as defined in claim 2, wherein the at least one zone of weakness includes a portion of the striker plate having a thickness smaller than a thickness of a remainder of the striker plate. 8. The latch assembly as defined in claim 2, wherein the at least one zone of weakness includes a portion of the striker plate having a cross-sectional area smaller than a cross-sectional area of a remainder of the striker plate, the cross-sectional areas being defined in a plane containing a thickness of the striker plate. 9. A latch assembly for selectively preventing a relative movement between first and second components of an aircraft cabin monument, the latch assembly comprising:
a latch configured for connection to the first component, the latch having a housing and a latch bolt movable with respect to the housing; and a striker plate configured for connection to the second component, the striker plate having an opening defined therethrough, the latch bolt selectively receivable and engageable within the opening; wherein each of the latch and striker plate has a respective failure load with respect to a load transferred to the latch and striker plate when the latch bolt is engaged in the opening and the first and second components are forced away from each other; wherein the striker plate has at least one zone of weakness designed to determine the failure load of the striker plate; and wherein the failure load of the striker plate is smaller than the failure load of the latch. 10. The latch assembly as defined in claim 9, wherein the opening is defined adjacent an edge of the striker plate, the striker plate including an edge portion extending between the edge and the opening, the at least one zone of weakness being adjacent the opening. 11. The latch assembly as defined in claim 10, wherein the at least one zone of weakness includes two spaced apart zones of weakness defined at opposed ends of the edge portion. 12. The latch assembly as defined in claim 10, wherein each of the two spaced apart zones of weakness is defined by a notch in the striker plate, each notch extending from the opening to the edge of the striker plate. 13. The latch assembly as defined in claim 9, wherein the at least one zone of weakness includes a portion of the striker plate having a thickness smaller than a thickness of a remainder of the striker plate. 14. The latch assembly as defined in claim 9, wherein the at least one zone of weakness includes a portion of the striker plate having a cross-sectional area smaller than a cross-sectional area of a remainder of the striker plate, the cross-sectional areas being defined in a plane containing a thickness of the striker plate. 15. A method of tailoring a failure of a latch assembly selectively preventing a relative movement between first and second components of an aircraft cabin monument, the method comprising:
determining a use threshold value of a load applied to the latch assembly during predetermined flight conditions based on a movable mass of the monument and on accelerations generated by the predetermined flight conditions; determining a decompression threshold value of the load applied to the latch assembly based on decompression pressure conditions; selecting a latch of the latch assembly for connection to the first component of the monument, the latch being selected to have a failure load higher than the use threshold value and higher than the decompression threshold value; and configuring a striker plate of the latch assembly for connection to the second component of the monument and for selectively engaging the latch, the striker plate being configured to have a failure load higher than the use threshold value and lower than the decompression threshold value. 16. The method as defined in claim 15, wherein the striker plate has an opening defined therethrough, and configuring the striker plate includes defining at least one zone of weakness adjacent the opening, the at least one zone of weakness determining the failure load of the striker plate. 17. The method as defined in claim 16, wherein the opening in the striker plate is configured to receive and engage a latch bolt of the latch. 18. The method as defined in claim 16, wherein the opening in the striker plate is configured for receiving a fastener connecting the striker plate to the second component of the monument. 19. The method as defined in claim 15, wherein the striker plate has an opening defined therethrough, and configuring the striker plate includes defining two spaced apart zones of weakness adjacent the opening, the zones of weakness designed to determine the failure load of the striker plate. 20. The method as defined in claim 16, wherein defining the at least one zone of weakness includes reducing a thickness of a portion of the striker plate. 21. The method as defined in claim 16, wherein defining the at least one zone of weakness includes reducing a thickness of a cross-sectional area of a portion of the striker plate, the cross-sectional areas being defined in a plane containing a thickness of the striker plate. | 2,800 |
342,713 | 16,642,403 | 2,882 | An example embodiment includes: a determination unit that, based on an image including an eye of a recognition subject, determines whether or not a colored contact lens is worn; and a matching unit that, when it is determined by the determination unit that the colored contact lens is worn, performs matching of the iris by using a feature amount extracted from a region excluding a predetermined range including an outer circumference of the iris out of a region of the iris included in the image. | 1. An iris recognition system comprising:
a determination unit that, based on an image including an eye of a recognition subject, determines whether or not a colored contact lens is worn; and a matching unit that, when it is determined by the determination unit that the colored contact lens is worn, performs matching of the iris by using a feature amount extracted from a region excluding a predetermined range including an outer circumference of the iris out of a region of the iris included in the image. 2. The iris recognition system according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined range is defined in accordance with positions of the outer circumference and an inner circumference of the iris. 3. The iris recognition system according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined range is defined in accordance with an outer circumference radius and an inner circumference radius of the iris. 4. The iris recognition system according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined range is a ring including an outer circumference end of the iris and having a width of 60 percent or more from the outer circumference to an inner circumference of the iris. 5. The iris recognition system according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined range is a ring including an outer circumference end of the iris and having a width of 60 percent from the outer circumference to an inner circumference of the iris. 6. The iris recognition system according to claim 1,
wherein the determination unit further determines a colored portion of the colored contact lens, and wherein the predetermined range is defined based on the colored portion. 7. The iris recognition system according to claim 1, wherein, when it is determined by the determination unit that the colored contact lens is not worn, the matching unit performs matching using an entire iris as a feature amount extraction range. 8. The iris recognition system according to claim 1 further comprising an extraction unit that extracts a determination object image including a side part of the iris from the image,
wherein the determination unit determines whether or not the colored contact lens is worn based on the determination object image. 9. The iris recognition system according to claim 1 further comprising a processing unit that, when it is determined by the determination unit that the colored contact lens is worn, performs a process for causing contraction of a pupil due to a pupillary light reflex on the recognition subject. 10. The iris recognition system according to claim 1 further comprising a processing unit that, when it is determined by the determination unit that the colored contact lens is worn, performs a process of instructing the recognition subject to rotate the colored contact lens. 11. An iris recognition method comprising:
based on an image including an eye of a recognition subject, determining whether or not a colored contact lens is worn; and when it is determined that the colored contact lens is worn, performing matching of the iris by using a feature amount extracted from a region excluding a predetermined range including an outer circumference of the iris out of a region of the iris included in the image. 12. A non-transitory storage medium in which a program is stored, the program causing a computer to execute:
based on an image including an eye of a recognition subject, determining whether or not a colored contact lens is worn; and when it is determined that the colored contact lens is worn, performing matching of the iris by using a feature amount extracted from a region excluding a predetermined range including an outer circumference of the iris out of a region of the iris included in the image. | An example embodiment includes: a determination unit that, based on an image including an eye of a recognition subject, determines whether or not a colored contact lens is worn; and a matching unit that, when it is determined by the determination unit that the colored contact lens is worn, performs matching of the iris by using a feature amount extracted from a region excluding a predetermined range including an outer circumference of the iris out of a region of the iris included in the image.1. An iris recognition system comprising:
a determination unit that, based on an image including an eye of a recognition subject, determines whether or not a colored contact lens is worn; and a matching unit that, when it is determined by the determination unit that the colored contact lens is worn, performs matching of the iris by using a feature amount extracted from a region excluding a predetermined range including an outer circumference of the iris out of a region of the iris included in the image. 2. The iris recognition system according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined range is defined in accordance with positions of the outer circumference and an inner circumference of the iris. 3. The iris recognition system according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined range is defined in accordance with an outer circumference radius and an inner circumference radius of the iris. 4. The iris recognition system according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined range is a ring including an outer circumference end of the iris and having a width of 60 percent or more from the outer circumference to an inner circumference of the iris. 5. The iris recognition system according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined range is a ring including an outer circumference end of the iris and having a width of 60 percent from the outer circumference to an inner circumference of the iris. 6. The iris recognition system according to claim 1,
wherein the determination unit further determines a colored portion of the colored contact lens, and wherein the predetermined range is defined based on the colored portion. 7. The iris recognition system according to claim 1, wherein, when it is determined by the determination unit that the colored contact lens is not worn, the matching unit performs matching using an entire iris as a feature amount extraction range. 8. The iris recognition system according to claim 1 further comprising an extraction unit that extracts a determination object image including a side part of the iris from the image,
wherein the determination unit determines whether or not the colored contact lens is worn based on the determination object image. 9. The iris recognition system according to claim 1 further comprising a processing unit that, when it is determined by the determination unit that the colored contact lens is worn, performs a process for causing contraction of a pupil due to a pupillary light reflex on the recognition subject. 10. The iris recognition system according to claim 1 further comprising a processing unit that, when it is determined by the determination unit that the colored contact lens is worn, performs a process of instructing the recognition subject to rotate the colored contact lens. 11. An iris recognition method comprising:
based on an image including an eye of a recognition subject, determining whether or not a colored contact lens is worn; and when it is determined that the colored contact lens is worn, performing matching of the iris by using a feature amount extracted from a region excluding a predetermined range including an outer circumference of the iris out of a region of the iris included in the image. 12. A non-transitory storage medium in which a program is stored, the program causing a computer to execute:
based on an image including an eye of a recognition subject, determining whether or not a colored contact lens is worn; and when it is determined that the colored contact lens is worn, performing matching of the iris by using a feature amount extracted from a region excluding a predetermined range including an outer circumference of the iris out of a region of the iris included in the image. | 2,800 |
342,714 | 16,642,435 | 2,446 | An operations integration processor mapping information in a language-independent data format to a tag format for integration with a tag-based control and data acquisition system. The operations integration processor receives a response from a web service and parses the response to identify one or more attribute-value pairs contained in the response. The response contains information in a language-independent data format different than a tag format. The processor maps the parsed response to one or more tags, which have at least one of a name and a value based on the information provided in the response associated with them. | 1. A system comprising:
an operations integration processor; a computer-readable storage device; an operations integration engine, wherein the operations integration engine comprises processor-executable instructions stored on the computer-readable storage device, wherein the instructions, when executed by the operations integration processor, configure the operations integration engine to:
receive a response from a web service, wherein the response includes information in a language-independent data format different than a tag format;
parse the response to identify one or more attribute-value pairs contained in the response;
map the parsed response to one or more tags, wherein the mapped tags have associated therewith at least one of a name and a value based on the information provided in the response; and
integrate the mapped tags to a tag-based control and data acquisition system. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed by the operations integration processor, further configure the operations integration engine to:
store the mapped tags in the computer-readable storage device; and display the at least one of the name and the value associated with one or more of the tags. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed by the operations integration processor, further configure the operations integration engine to:
receive an updated response from the web service, wherein the updated response is provided at least one of continuously, periodically, upon a user request, and upon a triggering event; and update the at least one of the name and the value associated with the mapped tags based on information provided in the updated response. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the language-independent data format different than the tag format is at least of eXtensible Markup Language (XML) and Java Script Object Notation (JSON). 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed by the operations integration processor, further configure the operations integration engine to:
receive instructions defined by a user to subscribe to selected tags from a plurality of the mapped tags. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed by the operations integration processor, further configure the operations integration engine to:
send a GET request to the web service, wherein receiving the response from the web service is responsive to the GET request. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein mapping the parsed response to one or more tags includes generating a tag name for each of the one or more tags based on the information provided in the response and wherein the instructions, when executed by the operations integration processor, further configure the operations integration engine to:
initialize a value for each of the tag names to the value from the information provided in the response. 8. A computer implemented method comprising:
receiving a response from a web service, wherein the response includes information in a language-independent data format different than a tag format; parsing the response to identify one or more attribute-value pairs contained in the response; mapping the parsed response to one or more tags, wherein the mapped tags have associated therewith at least one of a name and a value based on the information provided in the response; and integrating the mapped tags to a tag-based control and data acquisition system. 9. The computer implemented method of claim 8, further comprising:
storing the mapped tags in the computer-readable storage device; and displaying the at least one of the name and the value associated with one or more of the tags. 10. The computer implemented method of claim 8, further comprising:
receiving an updated response from the web service, wherein the updated response is provided at least one of continuously, periodically, upon a user request, and upon a triggering event; and updating the at least one of the name and the value associated with the mapped tags based on information provided in the updated response. 11. The computer implemented method of claim 8, wherein the language-independent data format different than the tag format is at least of eXtensible Markup Language (XML) and Java Script Object Notation (JSON). 12. The computer implemented method of claim 8, further comprising:
receiving instructions defined by a user to subscribe to selected tags from a plurality of the mapped tags. 13. The computer implemented method of claim 8, further comprising:
sending a GET request to the web service, wherein receiving the response from the web service is responsive to the GET request. 14. The computer implemented method of claim 8, wherein mapping the parsed response to one or more tags includes generating a tag name for each of the one or more tags based on the information provided in the response and further comprising:
initializing a value for each of the tag names to the value from the information provided in the response. 15. A computer-readable storage device having processor-executable instructions stored thereon including instructions that, when executed by an operations integration processor, implement an operations integration engine for automated tag mapping in an industrial process, the operations integration engine configured to:
receive a response from a web service, wherein the response includes information in a language-independent data format different than a tag format; parse the response to identify one or more attribute-value pairs contained in the response; and map the parsed response to one or more tags, wherein the mapped tags have associated therewith at least one of a name and a value based on the information provided in the response. 16. The computer-readable storage device of claim 15, wherein the instructions, when executed by the operations integration processor, further configure the operations integration engine to:
store the mapped tags in the computer-readable storage device; and display the at least one of the name and the value associated with one or more of the tags. 17. The computer-readable storage device of claim 15, wherein the instructions, when executed by the operations integration processor, further configure the operations integration engine to:
receive an updated response from the web service, wherein the updated response is provided at least one of continuously, periodically, upon a user request, and upon a triggering event; and update the at least one of the name and the value associated with the mapped tags based on information provided in the updated response. 18. The computer-readable storage device of claim 15, wherein the language-independent data format different than the tag format is at least of eXtensible Markup Language (XML) and Java Script Object Notation (JSON). 19. The computer-readable storage device of claim 15, wherein the instructions, when executed by the operations integration processor, further configure the operations integration engine to:
receive instructions defined by a user to subscribe to selected tags from a plurality of the mapped tags. 20. The computer-readable storage device of claim 15, wherein mapping the parsed response to one or more tags includes generating a tag name for each of the one or more tags based on the information provided in the response and wherein the instructions, when executed by the operations integration processor, further configure the operations integration engine to:
initialize a value for each of the tag names to the value from the information provided in the response. | An operations integration processor mapping information in a language-independent data format to a tag format for integration with a tag-based control and data acquisition system. The operations integration processor receives a response from a web service and parses the response to identify one or more attribute-value pairs contained in the response. The response contains information in a language-independent data format different than a tag format. The processor maps the parsed response to one or more tags, which have at least one of a name and a value based on the information provided in the response associated with them.1. A system comprising:
an operations integration processor; a computer-readable storage device; an operations integration engine, wherein the operations integration engine comprises processor-executable instructions stored on the computer-readable storage device, wherein the instructions, when executed by the operations integration processor, configure the operations integration engine to:
receive a response from a web service, wherein the response includes information in a language-independent data format different than a tag format;
parse the response to identify one or more attribute-value pairs contained in the response;
map the parsed response to one or more tags, wherein the mapped tags have associated therewith at least one of a name and a value based on the information provided in the response; and
integrate the mapped tags to a tag-based control and data acquisition system. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed by the operations integration processor, further configure the operations integration engine to:
store the mapped tags in the computer-readable storage device; and display the at least one of the name and the value associated with one or more of the tags. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed by the operations integration processor, further configure the operations integration engine to:
receive an updated response from the web service, wherein the updated response is provided at least one of continuously, periodically, upon a user request, and upon a triggering event; and update the at least one of the name and the value associated with the mapped tags based on information provided in the updated response. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the language-independent data format different than the tag format is at least of eXtensible Markup Language (XML) and Java Script Object Notation (JSON). 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed by the operations integration processor, further configure the operations integration engine to:
receive instructions defined by a user to subscribe to selected tags from a plurality of the mapped tags. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed by the operations integration processor, further configure the operations integration engine to:
send a GET request to the web service, wherein receiving the response from the web service is responsive to the GET request. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein mapping the parsed response to one or more tags includes generating a tag name for each of the one or more tags based on the information provided in the response and wherein the instructions, when executed by the operations integration processor, further configure the operations integration engine to:
initialize a value for each of the tag names to the value from the information provided in the response. 8. A computer implemented method comprising:
receiving a response from a web service, wherein the response includes information in a language-independent data format different than a tag format; parsing the response to identify one or more attribute-value pairs contained in the response; mapping the parsed response to one or more tags, wherein the mapped tags have associated therewith at least one of a name and a value based on the information provided in the response; and integrating the mapped tags to a tag-based control and data acquisition system. 9. The computer implemented method of claim 8, further comprising:
storing the mapped tags in the computer-readable storage device; and displaying the at least one of the name and the value associated with one or more of the tags. 10. The computer implemented method of claim 8, further comprising:
receiving an updated response from the web service, wherein the updated response is provided at least one of continuously, periodically, upon a user request, and upon a triggering event; and updating the at least one of the name and the value associated with the mapped tags based on information provided in the updated response. 11. The computer implemented method of claim 8, wherein the language-independent data format different than the tag format is at least of eXtensible Markup Language (XML) and Java Script Object Notation (JSON). 12. The computer implemented method of claim 8, further comprising:
receiving instructions defined by a user to subscribe to selected tags from a plurality of the mapped tags. 13. The computer implemented method of claim 8, further comprising:
sending a GET request to the web service, wherein receiving the response from the web service is responsive to the GET request. 14. The computer implemented method of claim 8, wherein mapping the parsed response to one or more tags includes generating a tag name for each of the one or more tags based on the information provided in the response and further comprising:
initializing a value for each of the tag names to the value from the information provided in the response. 15. A computer-readable storage device having processor-executable instructions stored thereon including instructions that, when executed by an operations integration processor, implement an operations integration engine for automated tag mapping in an industrial process, the operations integration engine configured to:
receive a response from a web service, wherein the response includes information in a language-independent data format different than a tag format; parse the response to identify one or more attribute-value pairs contained in the response; and map the parsed response to one or more tags, wherein the mapped tags have associated therewith at least one of a name and a value based on the information provided in the response. 16. The computer-readable storage device of claim 15, wherein the instructions, when executed by the operations integration processor, further configure the operations integration engine to:
store the mapped tags in the computer-readable storage device; and display the at least one of the name and the value associated with one or more of the tags. 17. The computer-readable storage device of claim 15, wherein the instructions, when executed by the operations integration processor, further configure the operations integration engine to:
receive an updated response from the web service, wherein the updated response is provided at least one of continuously, periodically, upon a user request, and upon a triggering event; and update the at least one of the name and the value associated with the mapped tags based on information provided in the updated response. 18. The computer-readable storage device of claim 15, wherein the language-independent data format different than the tag format is at least of eXtensible Markup Language (XML) and Java Script Object Notation (JSON). 19. The computer-readable storage device of claim 15, wherein the instructions, when executed by the operations integration processor, further configure the operations integration engine to:
receive instructions defined by a user to subscribe to selected tags from a plurality of the mapped tags. 20. The computer-readable storage device of claim 15, wherein mapping the parsed response to one or more tags includes generating a tag name for each of the one or more tags based on the information provided in the response and wherein the instructions, when executed by the operations integration processor, further configure the operations integration engine to:
initialize a value for each of the tag names to the value from the information provided in the response. | 2,400 |
342,715 | 16,642,433 | 2,446 | Disclosed are a high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate and a manufacturing method therefor, wherein the mass percentages of the components of the multiphase steel tinned raw plate are: 0.081%-0.14% of C, 0.2%-0.8% of Mn, 0.01%-0.09% of Al, 0.01%-0.03% of P, 0.002%-0.015% of N, also containing one or more than one of 0.001%-0.005% of B, 0.005%-0.05% of Cr, 0.001%-0.1% of Ti, 0.001%-0.2% of Nb, 0.005%-0.03% of Cu, 0.001%-0.008% of Mo, and the balance of Fe and other inevitable impurities; and satisfy: 0.21% <Mn+1.3 Cr+3.2 Mo+0.5 Cu <0.91%. The tinned raw plate has a structure comprising ferrite grains, pearlite, martensite and cementite particles, wherein the total volume fraction of the pearlite, martensite and cementite particles is 5%-20%, the volume fraction of the martensite is 1%-5%, and the martensite has a solid solution content of carbon of ≥0.07%. The tinned raw plate has a high strength and better elongation, and can be used to produce a can body, a can bottom, an easy-open end and a twist-off cap, etc. of a three-piece can which has higher requirements for strength and elongation. | 1. A high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate, having a chemical composition comprising, by mass percentage, C: 0.081-0.14%, Mn: 0.2-0.8%, Al: 0.01-0.09%, P: 0.01-0.03%, N: 0.002-0.015%, further comprising one or more of B: 0.001-0.005%, Cr: 0.005-0.05%, Ti: 0.001-0.1%, Nb: 0.001-0.2%, Cu: 0.005-0.03%, Mo: 0.001-0.008%, and a balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities, wherein the following relationship is met: 0.21%≤Mn+1.3 Cr+3.2Mo+0.5 Cu≤0.91%. 2. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 1, wherein the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a structure consisting of ferrite grains, pearlite, martensite and cementite particles. 3. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 1, wherein the ferrite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a grain size of ≤7 μm. 4. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 2, wherein the pearlite+martensite+cementite particles in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate have a volume fraction of 5-20%. 5. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 2, wherein the martensite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a volume fraction of 1-5%. 6. (Currently Ameded) The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 2, wherein the martensite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a carbon solid solution content of ≥0.07%. 7. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 1, wherein, after baking, the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a yield strength Rp0.2≥(400+12×DCR)MPa, and an elongation A≥(25-1.2×DCR)%, wherein DCR represents a reduction rate of double cold reduction, wherein 5%≤DCR≤18%. 8. A method for manufacturing the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 1, wherein the tinned raw plate has a chemical composition comprising, by mass percentage, C: 0.081-0.14%, Mn: 0.2-0.8%, Al: 0.01-0.09%, P: 0.01-0.03%, N: 0.002-0.015%, further comprising one or more of B: 0.001-0.005%, Cr: 0.005-0.05%, Ti: 0.001-0.1%, Nb: 0.001-0.2%, Cu: 0.005-0.03%, Mo: 0.001-0.008%, and a balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities, wherein the following relationship is met: 0.21%≤Mn+1.3Cr+3.2Mo+0.5Cu≤0.91%, wherein the tinned raw plate is subjected to continuous annealing and double cold reduction in sequence, wherein a temperature T in the continuous annealing stage is (727-100×C-30×Mn-1000×N)° C≤T≤800° C.; a hold time is 30s-50s; a cooling rate in a zone having a temperature of 250° C. or higher is 50-90° C/s; wherein a reduction rate of the double cold reduction DCR is 5%≤DCR≤18%. 9. The method of claim 8 for manufacturing the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate, wherein production steps prior to the continuous annealing of the tinned raw plate include smelting, hot rolling, pickling and single cold reduction. 10. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 2, wherein the ferrite has a grain size of ≤7 μm. 11. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 3, wherein the pearlite+martensite+cementite particles in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate have a volume fraction of 5-20%. 12. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 10, wherein the pearlite+martensite+cementite particles in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate have a volume fraction of 5-20%. 13. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 4, wherein the martensite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a volume fraction of 1-5%. 14. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 11, wherein the martensite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a volume fraction of 1-5%. 15. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 12, wherein the martensite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a volume fraction of 1-5%. 16. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 4, wherein the martensite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a carbon solid solution content of ≥0.07%. 17. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 11, wherein the martensite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a carbon solid solution content of ≥0.07%. 18. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 5, wherein the martensite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a carbon solid solution content of ≥0.07%. 19. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 13, wherein the martensite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a carbon solid solution content of ≥0.07%. 20. The method of claim 8 for manufacturing the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate, wherein:
the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a structure consisting of ferrite grains, pearlite, martensite and cementite particles;
the ferrite has a grain size of ≤7 μm;
the pearlite+martensite+cementite particles in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate have a volume fraction of 5-20%;
the martensite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a volume fraction of 1-5%; and
the martensite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a carbon solid solution content of ≥0.07%. | Disclosed are a high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate and a manufacturing method therefor, wherein the mass percentages of the components of the multiphase steel tinned raw plate are: 0.081%-0.14% of C, 0.2%-0.8% of Mn, 0.01%-0.09% of Al, 0.01%-0.03% of P, 0.002%-0.015% of N, also containing one or more than one of 0.001%-0.005% of B, 0.005%-0.05% of Cr, 0.001%-0.1% of Ti, 0.001%-0.2% of Nb, 0.005%-0.03% of Cu, 0.001%-0.008% of Mo, and the balance of Fe and other inevitable impurities; and satisfy: 0.21% <Mn+1.3 Cr+3.2 Mo+0.5 Cu <0.91%. The tinned raw plate has a structure comprising ferrite grains, pearlite, martensite and cementite particles, wherein the total volume fraction of the pearlite, martensite and cementite particles is 5%-20%, the volume fraction of the martensite is 1%-5%, and the martensite has a solid solution content of carbon of ≥0.07%. The tinned raw plate has a high strength and better elongation, and can be used to produce a can body, a can bottom, an easy-open end and a twist-off cap, etc. of a three-piece can which has higher requirements for strength and elongation.1. A high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate, having a chemical composition comprising, by mass percentage, C: 0.081-0.14%, Mn: 0.2-0.8%, Al: 0.01-0.09%, P: 0.01-0.03%, N: 0.002-0.015%, further comprising one or more of B: 0.001-0.005%, Cr: 0.005-0.05%, Ti: 0.001-0.1%, Nb: 0.001-0.2%, Cu: 0.005-0.03%, Mo: 0.001-0.008%, and a balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities, wherein the following relationship is met: 0.21%≤Mn+1.3 Cr+3.2Mo+0.5 Cu≤0.91%. 2. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 1, wherein the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a structure consisting of ferrite grains, pearlite, martensite and cementite particles. 3. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 1, wherein the ferrite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a grain size of ≤7 μm. 4. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 2, wherein the pearlite+martensite+cementite particles in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate have a volume fraction of 5-20%. 5. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 2, wherein the martensite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a volume fraction of 1-5%. 6. (Currently Ameded) The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 2, wherein the martensite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a carbon solid solution content of ≥0.07%. 7. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 1, wherein, after baking, the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a yield strength Rp0.2≥(400+12×DCR)MPa, and an elongation A≥(25-1.2×DCR)%, wherein DCR represents a reduction rate of double cold reduction, wherein 5%≤DCR≤18%. 8. A method for manufacturing the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 1, wherein the tinned raw plate has a chemical composition comprising, by mass percentage, C: 0.081-0.14%, Mn: 0.2-0.8%, Al: 0.01-0.09%, P: 0.01-0.03%, N: 0.002-0.015%, further comprising one or more of B: 0.001-0.005%, Cr: 0.005-0.05%, Ti: 0.001-0.1%, Nb: 0.001-0.2%, Cu: 0.005-0.03%, Mo: 0.001-0.008%, and a balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities, wherein the following relationship is met: 0.21%≤Mn+1.3Cr+3.2Mo+0.5Cu≤0.91%, wherein the tinned raw plate is subjected to continuous annealing and double cold reduction in sequence, wherein a temperature T in the continuous annealing stage is (727-100×C-30×Mn-1000×N)° C≤T≤800° C.; a hold time is 30s-50s; a cooling rate in a zone having a temperature of 250° C. or higher is 50-90° C/s; wherein a reduction rate of the double cold reduction DCR is 5%≤DCR≤18%. 9. The method of claim 8 for manufacturing the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate, wherein production steps prior to the continuous annealing of the tinned raw plate include smelting, hot rolling, pickling and single cold reduction. 10. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 2, wherein the ferrite has a grain size of ≤7 μm. 11. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 3, wherein the pearlite+martensite+cementite particles in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate have a volume fraction of 5-20%. 12. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 10, wherein the pearlite+martensite+cementite particles in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate have a volume fraction of 5-20%. 13. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 4, wherein the martensite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a volume fraction of 1-5%. 14. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 11, wherein the martensite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a volume fraction of 1-5%. 15. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 12, wherein the martensite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a volume fraction of 1-5%. 16. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 4, wherein the martensite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a carbon solid solution content of ≥0.07%. 17. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 11, wherein the martensite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a carbon solid solution content of ≥0.07%. 18. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 5, wherein the martensite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a carbon solid solution content of ≥0.07%. 19. The high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate of claim 13, wherein the martensite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a carbon solid solution content of ≥0.07%. 20. The method of claim 8 for manufacturing the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate, wherein:
the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a structure consisting of ferrite grains, pearlite, martensite and cementite particles;
the ferrite has a grain size of ≤7 μm;
the pearlite+martensite+cementite particles in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate have a volume fraction of 5-20%;
the martensite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a volume fraction of 1-5%; and
the martensite in the structure of the high-strength multiphase steel tinned raw plate has a carbon solid solution content of ≥0.07%. | 2,400 |
342,716 | 16,642,458 | 2,446 | In addition, a front side or bottom side (28) adjoining the outer wall (22) is provided that is largely impermeable to incoming or outgoing air and which is located opposite to the suction opening (14), and which is at least slightly spaced from an open front side (30) of the suction duct (16) extending into the interior space (20) of the trap (10). | 1. (canceled) 2. The device of claim 25, wherein the at least partially air-permeable portion, has a net-like structure (26). 3. (canceled) 4. The device claim 2, wherein the outer wall (22) forms an acute angle with a central axis of the suction duct (16). 5. The device of claim 4, wherein the acute angle between the outer wall (22) and the central axis of the suction duct (16) is between about ten angular degrees and about sixty degrees. 6. The device of claim 5, wherein the acute angle between the outer wall (22) and the central axis of the suction duct (16) is between about twenty degrees and about forty-five degrees. 7. The device claim 4, wherein the outer wall (22) has a cone shaped between a region attached to the suction duct (16) in the vicinity of the intake (14) and the outer wall (22) adjoins the front side (28). 8. The device claim 4, wherein the outer wall (22) has a pyramidal shape with at least three flat sides between a region attached to the suction duct (16) in the vicinity of the intake (14) and the outer wall (22) adjoins the front side (28). 9. The device claim 4, wherein the outer wall (22) has a curved contour between a region attached to the suction duct (16) in the vicinity of the intake (14) and a the outer wall (22) adjoins the front side (28). 10. The device of claim 25, wherein the front side (28) has a collar (32) that approximately follows the shape or contour of the outer wall (22) or wherein the outer wall (22) is largely impermeable to outflowing air in the vicinity where the outer wall (22) adjoins the front side (28). 11. The device of claim 10, wherein the collar (32) has a height which corresponds to between five percent and ten percent of the total height of the outer wall (22). 12. The device of claim 11, wherein the collar (32) has a height between approximately two centimeters and twenty centimeters. 13. The device of claim 12, wherein the suction duct (16) may have a diameter of about three centimeters to about fifteen centimeters, and wherein the front side or bottom side (28) may have a diameter of about ten centimeters to about one hundred centimeters. 14. The device claim 25, wherein the air flow (18) passing through the intake (14) has a velocity in the range of about one meter per second to about ten meters per second. 15. The device of claim 14, wherein the air flow (18) passing through the intake (14) has a velocity in the range of about two meters per second to about six meters per second. 16. The device of claim 15, wherein the air flow (24) has a velocity between about 0.02 meters per second and 1.0 meters per second. 17. The device of claim 16, wherein the air flow (24) has a velocity between about 0.05 meters per second and 0.6 meters per second. 18. (canceled) 19. The device of claim 17, wherein the distance between the outlet (30) and the front side (28) corresponds approximately to the height of the collar (32). 20. The device of claim 19, wherein the suction duct (16) is approximately vertical direction relative to the ground, and wherein the front side (28) is approximately horizontal relative to the ground. 21. (canceled) 22. (canceled) 23. (canceled) 24. (canceled) 25. A device to act as an insect trap (10) comprising:
an outer wall (22), including an at least partially air-permeable portion that is permeable to an air flow (24), and a front side (28) that is largely impermeable to air flow, wherein the outer wall (22) adjoins the front side (28); and a suction duct (16) with an intake (14), an outlet (30), and an air flow (18) from the intake (14) to the outlet (30), wherein the outer wall (22) attaches to, and surrounds, the suction duct (16) in the vicinity of the intake (14), wherein a radial distance from the suction duct (16) to the outer wall (22) increases as the outer wall (22) approaches the front side (28), and wherein the suction duct extends into an interior space (20) enclosed by the outer wall (22) and the front side (28), and the outlet (30) is at least slightly spaced from the front side (28). | In addition, a front side or bottom side (28) adjoining the outer wall (22) is provided that is largely impermeable to incoming or outgoing air and which is located opposite to the suction opening (14), and which is at least slightly spaced from an open front side (30) of the suction duct (16) extending into the interior space (20) of the trap (10).1. (canceled) 2. The device of claim 25, wherein the at least partially air-permeable portion, has a net-like structure (26). 3. (canceled) 4. The device claim 2, wherein the outer wall (22) forms an acute angle with a central axis of the suction duct (16). 5. The device of claim 4, wherein the acute angle between the outer wall (22) and the central axis of the suction duct (16) is between about ten angular degrees and about sixty degrees. 6. The device of claim 5, wherein the acute angle between the outer wall (22) and the central axis of the suction duct (16) is between about twenty degrees and about forty-five degrees. 7. The device claim 4, wherein the outer wall (22) has a cone shaped between a region attached to the suction duct (16) in the vicinity of the intake (14) and the outer wall (22) adjoins the front side (28). 8. The device claim 4, wherein the outer wall (22) has a pyramidal shape with at least three flat sides between a region attached to the suction duct (16) in the vicinity of the intake (14) and the outer wall (22) adjoins the front side (28). 9. The device claim 4, wherein the outer wall (22) has a curved contour between a region attached to the suction duct (16) in the vicinity of the intake (14) and a the outer wall (22) adjoins the front side (28). 10. The device of claim 25, wherein the front side (28) has a collar (32) that approximately follows the shape or contour of the outer wall (22) or wherein the outer wall (22) is largely impermeable to outflowing air in the vicinity where the outer wall (22) adjoins the front side (28). 11. The device of claim 10, wherein the collar (32) has a height which corresponds to between five percent and ten percent of the total height of the outer wall (22). 12. The device of claim 11, wherein the collar (32) has a height between approximately two centimeters and twenty centimeters. 13. The device of claim 12, wherein the suction duct (16) may have a diameter of about three centimeters to about fifteen centimeters, and wherein the front side or bottom side (28) may have a diameter of about ten centimeters to about one hundred centimeters. 14. The device claim 25, wherein the air flow (18) passing through the intake (14) has a velocity in the range of about one meter per second to about ten meters per second. 15. The device of claim 14, wherein the air flow (18) passing through the intake (14) has a velocity in the range of about two meters per second to about six meters per second. 16. The device of claim 15, wherein the air flow (24) has a velocity between about 0.02 meters per second and 1.0 meters per second. 17. The device of claim 16, wherein the air flow (24) has a velocity between about 0.05 meters per second and 0.6 meters per second. 18. (canceled) 19. The device of claim 17, wherein the distance between the outlet (30) and the front side (28) corresponds approximately to the height of the collar (32). 20. The device of claim 19, wherein the suction duct (16) is approximately vertical direction relative to the ground, and wherein the front side (28) is approximately horizontal relative to the ground. 21. (canceled) 22. (canceled) 23. (canceled) 24. (canceled) 25. A device to act as an insect trap (10) comprising:
an outer wall (22), including an at least partially air-permeable portion that is permeable to an air flow (24), and a front side (28) that is largely impermeable to air flow, wherein the outer wall (22) adjoins the front side (28); and a suction duct (16) with an intake (14), an outlet (30), and an air flow (18) from the intake (14) to the outlet (30), wherein the outer wall (22) attaches to, and surrounds, the suction duct (16) in the vicinity of the intake (14), wherein a radial distance from the suction duct (16) to the outer wall (22) increases as the outer wall (22) approaches the front side (28), and wherein the suction duct extends into an interior space (20) enclosed by the outer wall (22) and the front side (28), and the outlet (30) is at least slightly spaced from the front side (28). | 2,400 |
342,717 | 16,642,424 | 2,446 | The present invention is directed to compounds of the formula (I) wherein all substituents are defined herein, as well as pharmaceutically acceptable compositions comprising compounds of the invention and methods of using said compositions in the treatment of various disorders. | 1. A compound of the formula 2. The compound according to claim 1 of formula I 3. The compound according to claim 1 of formula I 4. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 5. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 6. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 7. (canceled) 8. (canceled) 9. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 10-17. (canceled) 18. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 19. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 20. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 21. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 22. A compound according to claim 1 which is 23. (canceled) 24. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents or excipients. 25. (canceled) 26. A method of treating diseases and conditions in which the modulation of STING is indicated in a subject in need thereof which comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 27. A method of treating cancer comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of one or more compounds according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 28. The method of claim 27 wherein the cancer is small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, head and neck cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma, bladder cancer, esophageal carcinoma, gastric carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, breast cancers, urinary carcinoma, brain tumors such as glioblastoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL), chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), hepatocellular carcinoma, multiple myeloma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, mesothelioma, and other solid tumors or other hematological cancers. 29. The method of claim 28 wherein the cancer is small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, head and neck cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma or bladder cancer. 30. A method for treating cancer in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering an effective amount of a compound, according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
in combination with the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of one or more immuno-oncology agents. 31. A method for treating a subject afflicted with cancer comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of:
a) a compound according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and b) an anti-cancer agent which is an antibody or an antigen-binding portion thereof that binds specifically to a Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) receptor and inhibits PD-1 activity. 32. The method of claim 31, wherein the anti-PD-1 antibody is nivolumab or pembrolizumab. 33. The method of claim 32, wherein the anti-PD-1 antibody is nivolumab. | The present invention is directed to compounds of the formula (I) wherein all substituents are defined herein, as well as pharmaceutically acceptable compositions comprising compounds of the invention and methods of using said compositions in the treatment of various disorders.1. A compound of the formula 2. The compound according to claim 1 of formula I 3. The compound according to claim 1 of formula I 4. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 5. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 6. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 7. (canceled) 8. (canceled) 9. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 10-17. (canceled) 18. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 19. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 20. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 21. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 22. A compound according to claim 1 which is 23. (canceled) 24. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents or excipients. 25. (canceled) 26. A method of treating diseases and conditions in which the modulation of STING is indicated in a subject in need thereof which comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 27. A method of treating cancer comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of one or more compounds according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 28. The method of claim 27 wherein the cancer is small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, head and neck cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma, bladder cancer, esophageal carcinoma, gastric carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, breast cancers, urinary carcinoma, brain tumors such as glioblastoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL), chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), hepatocellular carcinoma, multiple myeloma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, mesothelioma, and other solid tumors or other hematological cancers. 29. The method of claim 28 wherein the cancer is small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, head and neck cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma or bladder cancer. 30. A method for treating cancer in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering an effective amount of a compound, according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
in combination with the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of one or more immuno-oncology agents. 31. A method for treating a subject afflicted with cancer comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of:
a) a compound according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and b) an anti-cancer agent which is an antibody or an antigen-binding portion thereof that binds specifically to a Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) receptor and inhibits PD-1 activity. 32. The method of claim 31, wherein the anti-PD-1 antibody is nivolumab or pembrolizumab. 33. The method of claim 32, wherein the anti-PD-1 antibody is nivolumab. | 2,400 |
342,718 | 16,642,465 | 2,446 | A billet supply device is provided with: a base; a first frame supported on the base to be freely movable back-and-forth; a first movement conversion mechanism for moving the first frame back-and-forth with respect to the base; a second frame provided with a billet mounting unit and supported on the first frame to be freely movable back-and-forth; and a second movement conversion mechanism for moving the second frame back-and-forth with respect to the first frame. Parts of both movement conversion mechanisms including a ball screw mechanism are supported rotatably on a common support member for the first frame. The first frame and the second frame are moved back and forth to the extrusion center side with respect to the base simultaneously by a driver for rotationally driving the parts at the same time. | 1. A billet supply system having a billet loader carrying a billet in parallel with a billet holding part in a container of an extrusion press and making the billet loader move back and forth between a supply position of the billet and an extrusion center of an extrusion stem of the extrusion press, the billet supply system comprising:
a base arranged separated from the extrusion center to enable placement of the billet on the billet loader at the supply position; a first frame guided and supported by the base to be able to advance and retract with respect to the extrusion center side; a first motion conversion mechanism including a first ball screw shaft and a first ball nut screwed with the first ball screw shaft and making the first frame advance and retract with respect to the base; a second frame guided and supported by the first frame to be able to advance and retract with respect to the extrusion center side and at which the billet loader is arranged at the extrusion center side end; a second motion conversion mechanism including a second ball screw shaft and a second ball nut screwed with the second ball screw shaft and making the second frame advance and retract with respect to the first frame; a common support member fixed to the first frame on which either of the first ball screw shaft and the first ball nut and either of the second ball screw shaft and the second ball nut are rotatably supported; and a driving means for simultaneously driving rotation of either of the first ball screw shaft and the first ball nut and either of the second ball screw shaft and the second ball nut rotatably supported by the common support member through a transmission member, wherein the other of the first ball screw shaft and the first ball nut is fixed to the base to be unable to rotate, the other of the second ball screw shaft and the second ball nut is fixed to the second frame to be unable to rotate, and the driving means being used to make the first frame and the second frame simultaneously advance and retract with respect to the base to and from the extrusion center side. 2. The billet supply system according to claim 1, wherein a first rotation transmission member and a second rotation transmission member are arranged at the rotating end parts of the first motion conversion mechanism and the second motion conversion mechanism at the sides supported rotatably by the common support member, and the first rotation transmission member and the second rotation transmission member are configured to be able to directly transmit rotational motion of one to the other. 3. The billet supply system according to claim 1, wherein
the first ball nut of the first motion conversion mechanism is rotatably supported by the common support member, and the second ball screw shaft of the second motion conversion mechanism is rotatably supported by the common support member. 4. The billet supply system according to claim 1, further comprising a billet insertion mechanism whereby the billet loader inserts the carried billet in the billet holding part of the container at the extrusion center. | A billet supply device is provided with: a base; a first frame supported on the base to be freely movable back-and-forth; a first movement conversion mechanism for moving the first frame back-and-forth with respect to the base; a second frame provided with a billet mounting unit and supported on the first frame to be freely movable back-and-forth; and a second movement conversion mechanism for moving the second frame back-and-forth with respect to the first frame. Parts of both movement conversion mechanisms including a ball screw mechanism are supported rotatably on a common support member for the first frame. The first frame and the second frame are moved back and forth to the extrusion center side with respect to the base simultaneously by a driver for rotationally driving the parts at the same time.1. A billet supply system having a billet loader carrying a billet in parallel with a billet holding part in a container of an extrusion press and making the billet loader move back and forth between a supply position of the billet and an extrusion center of an extrusion stem of the extrusion press, the billet supply system comprising:
a base arranged separated from the extrusion center to enable placement of the billet on the billet loader at the supply position; a first frame guided and supported by the base to be able to advance and retract with respect to the extrusion center side; a first motion conversion mechanism including a first ball screw shaft and a first ball nut screwed with the first ball screw shaft and making the first frame advance and retract with respect to the base; a second frame guided and supported by the first frame to be able to advance and retract with respect to the extrusion center side and at which the billet loader is arranged at the extrusion center side end; a second motion conversion mechanism including a second ball screw shaft and a second ball nut screwed with the second ball screw shaft and making the second frame advance and retract with respect to the first frame; a common support member fixed to the first frame on which either of the first ball screw shaft and the first ball nut and either of the second ball screw shaft and the second ball nut are rotatably supported; and a driving means for simultaneously driving rotation of either of the first ball screw shaft and the first ball nut and either of the second ball screw shaft and the second ball nut rotatably supported by the common support member through a transmission member, wherein the other of the first ball screw shaft and the first ball nut is fixed to the base to be unable to rotate, the other of the second ball screw shaft and the second ball nut is fixed to the second frame to be unable to rotate, and the driving means being used to make the first frame and the second frame simultaneously advance and retract with respect to the base to and from the extrusion center side. 2. The billet supply system according to claim 1, wherein a first rotation transmission member and a second rotation transmission member are arranged at the rotating end parts of the first motion conversion mechanism and the second motion conversion mechanism at the sides supported rotatably by the common support member, and the first rotation transmission member and the second rotation transmission member are configured to be able to directly transmit rotational motion of one to the other. 3. The billet supply system according to claim 1, wherein
the first ball nut of the first motion conversion mechanism is rotatably supported by the common support member, and the second ball screw shaft of the second motion conversion mechanism is rotatably supported by the common support member. 4. The billet supply system according to claim 1, further comprising a billet insertion mechanism whereby the billet loader inserts the carried billet in the billet holding part of the container at the extrusion center. | 2,400 |
342,719 | 16,642,446 | 2,652 | A system and method of creating the natural language understanding component of a speech/text dialog system. The method involves a first step of defining user intent in the form of an intent flow graph. Next, (context, intent) pairs are created from each of the plurality of intent flow graphs and stored in a training database. A paraphrase task is then generated from each (context, intent) pair and also stored in the training database. A zero-shot intent recognition model is trained using the plurality of (context, intent) pairs in the training database to recognize user intents from the plurality of paraphrase tasks in the training database. Once trained, the zero-shot intent recognition model is applied to user queries to generate semantic outputs. | 1. A method of creating the natural language understanding component of a speech/text dialog system, the method comprising the steps of:
a. defining a plurality of user intents in the form of an intent flow graph for each user intent, wherein the intent flow graph comprises at least one source node and at least one target node, with each at least one source node and at least one target node having a goal and an output and input function for multimodal natural interaction, and an edge with an intent label connecting the at least one source node to the at least one target node; b. creating a (context, intent) pair from each of the plurality of intent flow graphs and storing a plurality of (context, intent) pairs in a training database; c. generating a paraphrase task from each (context, intent) pair and storing a plurality of paraphrase tasks in the training database; d. training a zero-shot intent recognition model using the plurality of (context, intent) pairs in the training database to recognize user intents from the plurality of paraphrase tasks in the training database; and e. applying the zero-shot intent recognition model to a user query to generate a semantic output. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein if the at least one source node has two or more edges connecting to two or more target nodes, each at least one source node has an input value and each of the at least two or more edges is associated with an intent label describing a condition associated with each of the at least two or more edges, whereby a matching condition is determined between the input value of each at least one source node and the corresponding condition of the intent label in each of the at least two or more edges connecting to two or more target nodes. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the input to each at least one source node can be any multimedia or data format. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the input to each at least one source node is selected from the group consisting of text, audio, video and other structured data. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the output from each at least one target node can be can be any multimedia or data format. 6. The method of claim 6, wherein the output from each at least one target node is selected from the group consisting of text, audio, video and other structured data. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of generating a paraphrase task further comprises the steps of:
a. randomly selecting a dialog context and intent pair from the database and creating an associated paraphrase task with an intent question and at least one corresponding sample answer; b. answering the intent question by forming at least one new paraphrase answer in the form of a sentence that has a different form but the same meaning as the at least one corresponding sample answer; and c assessing whether all dialog context and intent pairs have received an adequate number of new paraphrase answers. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the zero-shot intent recognition model is trained using a machine learning tool. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the user query to the zero-shot intent recognition model includes a user utterance, a dialog context for the user utterance and a plurality of natural language intent labels, wherein the intent labels can be new intent labels or derived from previously created intent flow graphs. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the semantic output comprises (a) a matching score between the user utterance and each intent label in the plurality of intent labels, and (b) an out-of-domain warning. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the out-of-domain warning is a no-match warning wherein the user query does match with any of the intent labels, and (b) an unseen warning wherein no confident decisions can be made as to the user query. 12. A system for creating the natural language understanding component of a speech/text dialog system, the system comprising:
a. at least one intent flow graph for defining user intents, wherein the intent flow graph comprises at least one source node and at least one target node, with each at least one source node and at least one target node having a goal and an output and input function for multimodal natural interaction, and an edge with an intent label connecting the at least one source node to the at least one target node; b. a paraphrase task generator for creating a (context, intent) pair from each of the plurality of intent flow graphs and storing a plurality of (context, intent) pairs in a training database and generating a paraphrase task from each (context, intent) pair and storing a plurality of paraphrase tasks in the training database; c. a zero-shot intent recognition model trained by using the plurality of (context, intent) pairs in the training database to recognize user intents from the plurality of paraphrase tasks in the training database. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the at least one source node has two or more edges connecting to two or more target nodes, each at least one source node has an input value and each of the at least two or more edges is associated with an intent label describing a condition associated with each of the at least two or more edges, whereby a matching condition is determined between the input value of each at least one source node and the corresponding condition of the intent label in each of the at least two or more edges connecting to two or more target nodes. 14. The system of claim 12, wherein the input to each at least one source node can be any multimedia or data format. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the input to each at least one source node is selected from the group consisting of text, audio, video and other structured data. 16. The system of claim 12, wherein the output from each at least one target node can be can be any multimedia or data format. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the output from each at least one target node is selected from the group consisting of text, audio, video and other structured data. 18. The system of claim 12, wherein the paraphrase task generator comprises:
a. randomly selecting a dialog context and intent pair from the database and creating an associated paraphrase task with an intent question and at least one corresponding sample answer; b. answering the intent question by forming at least one new paraphrase answer in the form of a sentence that has a different form but the same meaning as the at least one corresponding sample answer; and c assessing whether all dialog context and intent pairs have received an adequate number of new paraphrase answers. 19. The system of claim 12, wherein the zero-shot intent recognition model is trained using a machine learning tool. 20. The method of claim 12, wherein the user query to the zero-shot intent recognition model includes a user utterance, a dialog context for the user utterance and a plurality of natural language intent labels, wherein the intent labels can be new intent labels or derived from previously created intent flow graphs. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the semantic output comprises (a) a matching score between the user utterance and each intent label in the plurality of intent labels, and (b) an out-of-domain warning. 22. The system of claim 21, wherein the semantic output includes a matching score between the user query and each of the two or more intent labels and an out-of-domain warning. 23. The system of claim 22, wherein the out-of-domain warning is a no-match warning wherein the user query does match with any of the intent labels, and (b) an unseen warning wherein no confident decisions can be made as to the user query. | A system and method of creating the natural language understanding component of a speech/text dialog system. The method involves a first step of defining user intent in the form of an intent flow graph. Next, (context, intent) pairs are created from each of the plurality of intent flow graphs and stored in a training database. A paraphrase task is then generated from each (context, intent) pair and also stored in the training database. A zero-shot intent recognition model is trained using the plurality of (context, intent) pairs in the training database to recognize user intents from the plurality of paraphrase tasks in the training database. Once trained, the zero-shot intent recognition model is applied to user queries to generate semantic outputs.1. A method of creating the natural language understanding component of a speech/text dialog system, the method comprising the steps of:
a. defining a plurality of user intents in the form of an intent flow graph for each user intent, wherein the intent flow graph comprises at least one source node and at least one target node, with each at least one source node and at least one target node having a goal and an output and input function for multimodal natural interaction, and an edge with an intent label connecting the at least one source node to the at least one target node; b. creating a (context, intent) pair from each of the plurality of intent flow graphs and storing a plurality of (context, intent) pairs in a training database; c. generating a paraphrase task from each (context, intent) pair and storing a plurality of paraphrase tasks in the training database; d. training a zero-shot intent recognition model using the plurality of (context, intent) pairs in the training database to recognize user intents from the plurality of paraphrase tasks in the training database; and e. applying the zero-shot intent recognition model to a user query to generate a semantic output. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein if the at least one source node has two or more edges connecting to two or more target nodes, each at least one source node has an input value and each of the at least two or more edges is associated with an intent label describing a condition associated with each of the at least two or more edges, whereby a matching condition is determined between the input value of each at least one source node and the corresponding condition of the intent label in each of the at least two or more edges connecting to two or more target nodes. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the input to each at least one source node can be any multimedia or data format. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the input to each at least one source node is selected from the group consisting of text, audio, video and other structured data. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the output from each at least one target node can be can be any multimedia or data format. 6. The method of claim 6, wherein the output from each at least one target node is selected from the group consisting of text, audio, video and other structured data. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of generating a paraphrase task further comprises the steps of:
a. randomly selecting a dialog context and intent pair from the database and creating an associated paraphrase task with an intent question and at least one corresponding sample answer; b. answering the intent question by forming at least one new paraphrase answer in the form of a sentence that has a different form but the same meaning as the at least one corresponding sample answer; and c assessing whether all dialog context and intent pairs have received an adequate number of new paraphrase answers. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the zero-shot intent recognition model is trained using a machine learning tool. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the user query to the zero-shot intent recognition model includes a user utterance, a dialog context for the user utterance and a plurality of natural language intent labels, wherein the intent labels can be new intent labels or derived from previously created intent flow graphs. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the semantic output comprises (a) a matching score between the user utterance and each intent label in the plurality of intent labels, and (b) an out-of-domain warning. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the out-of-domain warning is a no-match warning wherein the user query does match with any of the intent labels, and (b) an unseen warning wherein no confident decisions can be made as to the user query. 12. A system for creating the natural language understanding component of a speech/text dialog system, the system comprising:
a. at least one intent flow graph for defining user intents, wherein the intent flow graph comprises at least one source node and at least one target node, with each at least one source node and at least one target node having a goal and an output and input function for multimodal natural interaction, and an edge with an intent label connecting the at least one source node to the at least one target node; b. a paraphrase task generator for creating a (context, intent) pair from each of the plurality of intent flow graphs and storing a plurality of (context, intent) pairs in a training database and generating a paraphrase task from each (context, intent) pair and storing a plurality of paraphrase tasks in the training database; c. a zero-shot intent recognition model trained by using the plurality of (context, intent) pairs in the training database to recognize user intents from the plurality of paraphrase tasks in the training database. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the at least one source node has two or more edges connecting to two or more target nodes, each at least one source node has an input value and each of the at least two or more edges is associated with an intent label describing a condition associated with each of the at least two or more edges, whereby a matching condition is determined between the input value of each at least one source node and the corresponding condition of the intent label in each of the at least two or more edges connecting to two or more target nodes. 14. The system of claim 12, wherein the input to each at least one source node can be any multimedia or data format. 15. The system of claim 14, wherein the input to each at least one source node is selected from the group consisting of text, audio, video and other structured data. 16. The system of claim 12, wherein the output from each at least one target node can be can be any multimedia or data format. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the output from each at least one target node is selected from the group consisting of text, audio, video and other structured data. 18. The system of claim 12, wherein the paraphrase task generator comprises:
a. randomly selecting a dialog context and intent pair from the database and creating an associated paraphrase task with an intent question and at least one corresponding sample answer; b. answering the intent question by forming at least one new paraphrase answer in the form of a sentence that has a different form but the same meaning as the at least one corresponding sample answer; and c assessing whether all dialog context and intent pairs have received an adequate number of new paraphrase answers. 19. The system of claim 12, wherein the zero-shot intent recognition model is trained using a machine learning tool. 20. The method of claim 12, wherein the user query to the zero-shot intent recognition model includes a user utterance, a dialog context for the user utterance and a plurality of natural language intent labels, wherein the intent labels can be new intent labels or derived from previously created intent flow graphs. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the semantic output comprises (a) a matching score between the user utterance and each intent label in the plurality of intent labels, and (b) an out-of-domain warning. 22. The system of claim 21, wherein the semantic output includes a matching score between the user query and each of the two or more intent labels and an out-of-domain warning. 23. The system of claim 22, wherein the out-of-domain warning is a no-match warning wherein the user query does match with any of the intent labels, and (b) an unseen warning wherein no confident decisions can be made as to the user query. | 2,600 |
342,720 | 16,642,405 | 2,652 | Compositions for treatment and/or prevention of infertility include a pollen extract and/or a pistil extract primarily obtained from plants belonging to the Pinaceae and/or Poaceae family. | 1. A composition comprising:
a pollen extract and a pistil extract, said pollen and pistil being obtained from plants belonging to the Pinaceae and/or Poaceae family. wherein said composition treats infertility in men with oligospermia, cryptozoospermia, azoospermia, asthenospermia, oligoasthenospermia and/or teratospermia. 2. (canceled) 3. The composition of claim 1, wherein the pollen extract and/or pistil extract is aqueous. 4. The composition of claim 1, wherein said pollen and pistil are obtained from plants belonging to the species Secale cereale L., Zea mays L., Pinus sylvestris L., and/or Dactylis glomerata L., or a mixtures thereof. 5. The composition of Composition for use according to claim 4, wherein it the composition comprises:
a pollen extract from Secale cereale L.; a pollen extract from Zea mays L.; a pollen extract from Pinus sylvestris L.; a pollen extract from Dactylis glomerata L.; and a pistil extract from Zea mays L. 6. The composition of claim 5, wherein the composition comprises:
an aqueous pollen extract from Secale cereale L.; an aqueous pollen extract from Zea mays L.; an aqueous pollen extract from Pinus sylvestris L.; an aqueous pollen extract from Dactylis glomerata L.; and an aqueous pistil extract from Zea mays L. 7. The composition of claim 1, wherein it further comprises coenzyme Q10. 8. The composition of claim 7, comprising at least one amino acid, a carotenoid, a trace element, a vitamin and/or a root extract, taken alone or as a mixture. 9. The composition of claim 8, wherein:
the amino acid is lysine, methionine or carnitine, preferably L-carnitine; the carotenoid is lycopene; the trace element is selected from zinc and selenium; the vitamin is selected from vitamin B6, vitamin B9, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D and vitamin E; and the root extract is a maca root extract (Lepidium meyenn). 10. The composition of claim 8, wherein the composition comprises a trace element, which is zinc. 11. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is an oral composition. 12. The composition of claim 11, wherein the composition is a tablet, capsule, soft gel, semi-solid, solid, liquid or powder. 13. The composition of claim 12, wherein the composition is a daily oral composition in tablet form, the weight of which is preferably 650 mg. 14. (canceled) 15. (canceled) 16. A method of treatment of infertility in men with oligospermia, cryptozoospermia, azoospermia, asthenospermia, oligoasthenospermia and/or teratospermia, the method comprising:
providing an oral composition comprising a pollen extract and a pistil extract, said pollen and pistil being obtained from plants belonging to the Pinaceae and/or Poaceae family; administering a daily dose to a man with oligospermia, cryptozoospermia, azoospermia, asthenospermia, oligoasthenospermia and/or teratospermia. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the oral composition is in the form of a tablet, capsule, soft gel, semi-solid, solid, liquid, or powder. 18. The method of claim 16, wherein the composition is in tablet form and has a weight of 650 mg. 19. The method of claim 16, wherein the daily dose is administered for a period of at least three months. 20. The method of claim 16, wherein the infertility is not associated with inflammation of a microbacterial origin. 21. The method of claim 16, wherein said pollen and pistil are obtained from plants belonging to the species Secale cereale L., Zea mays L., Pinus sylvestris L., Dactylis glomerata L., or mixtures thereof. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the composition comprises:
a pollen extract from Secale cereale L.; a pollen extract from Zea mays L.; a pollen extract from Pinus sylvestris L.; a pollen extract from Dactylis glomerata L.; and a pistil extract from Zea mays L. 23. The composition of claim 21, wherein the composition comprises:
an aqueous pollen extract from Secale cereale L.; an aqueous pollen extract from Zea mays L.; an aqueous pollen extract from Pinus sylvestris L.; an aqueous pollen extract from Dactylis glomerata L.; and an aqueous pistil extract from Zea mays L. | Compositions for treatment and/or prevention of infertility include a pollen extract and/or a pistil extract primarily obtained from plants belonging to the Pinaceae and/or Poaceae family.1. A composition comprising:
a pollen extract and a pistil extract, said pollen and pistil being obtained from plants belonging to the Pinaceae and/or Poaceae family. wherein said composition treats infertility in men with oligospermia, cryptozoospermia, azoospermia, asthenospermia, oligoasthenospermia and/or teratospermia. 2. (canceled) 3. The composition of claim 1, wherein the pollen extract and/or pistil extract is aqueous. 4. The composition of claim 1, wherein said pollen and pistil are obtained from plants belonging to the species Secale cereale L., Zea mays L., Pinus sylvestris L., and/or Dactylis glomerata L., or a mixtures thereof. 5. The composition of Composition for use according to claim 4, wherein it the composition comprises:
a pollen extract from Secale cereale L.; a pollen extract from Zea mays L.; a pollen extract from Pinus sylvestris L.; a pollen extract from Dactylis glomerata L.; and a pistil extract from Zea mays L. 6. The composition of claim 5, wherein the composition comprises:
an aqueous pollen extract from Secale cereale L.; an aqueous pollen extract from Zea mays L.; an aqueous pollen extract from Pinus sylvestris L.; an aqueous pollen extract from Dactylis glomerata L.; and an aqueous pistil extract from Zea mays L. 7. The composition of claim 1, wherein it further comprises coenzyme Q10. 8. The composition of claim 7, comprising at least one amino acid, a carotenoid, a trace element, a vitamin and/or a root extract, taken alone or as a mixture. 9. The composition of claim 8, wherein:
the amino acid is lysine, methionine or carnitine, preferably L-carnitine; the carotenoid is lycopene; the trace element is selected from zinc and selenium; the vitamin is selected from vitamin B6, vitamin B9, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D and vitamin E; and the root extract is a maca root extract (Lepidium meyenn). 10. The composition of claim 8, wherein the composition comprises a trace element, which is zinc. 11. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is an oral composition. 12. The composition of claim 11, wherein the composition is a tablet, capsule, soft gel, semi-solid, solid, liquid or powder. 13. The composition of claim 12, wherein the composition is a daily oral composition in tablet form, the weight of which is preferably 650 mg. 14. (canceled) 15. (canceled) 16. A method of treatment of infertility in men with oligospermia, cryptozoospermia, azoospermia, asthenospermia, oligoasthenospermia and/or teratospermia, the method comprising:
providing an oral composition comprising a pollen extract and a pistil extract, said pollen and pistil being obtained from plants belonging to the Pinaceae and/or Poaceae family; administering a daily dose to a man with oligospermia, cryptozoospermia, azoospermia, asthenospermia, oligoasthenospermia and/or teratospermia. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the oral composition is in the form of a tablet, capsule, soft gel, semi-solid, solid, liquid, or powder. 18. The method of claim 16, wherein the composition is in tablet form and has a weight of 650 mg. 19. The method of claim 16, wherein the daily dose is administered for a period of at least three months. 20. The method of claim 16, wherein the infertility is not associated with inflammation of a microbacterial origin. 21. The method of claim 16, wherein said pollen and pistil are obtained from plants belonging to the species Secale cereale L., Zea mays L., Pinus sylvestris L., Dactylis glomerata L., or mixtures thereof. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the composition comprises:
a pollen extract from Secale cereale L.; a pollen extract from Zea mays L.; a pollen extract from Pinus sylvestris L.; a pollen extract from Dactylis glomerata L.; and a pistil extract from Zea mays L. 23. The composition of claim 21, wherein the composition comprises:
an aqueous pollen extract from Secale cereale L.; an aqueous pollen extract from Zea mays L.; an aqueous pollen extract from Pinus sylvestris L.; an aqueous pollen extract from Dactylis glomerata L.; and an aqueous pistil extract from Zea mays L. | 2,600 |
342,721 | 16,642,419 | 2,652 | A grid spring is provided with first raised pieces that generate an elastic force for pressing a separator toward a power generation cell and second raised pieces that generate an elastic force independently of the first raised pieces. The spring constant of the first raised pieces decreases as a result of heating of a grid spring. The grid spring functions as a high reaction force spring as a result of a larger spring constant of the first spring member relative to a spring constant of the second spring member before heating. After being heated, the grid spring functions as a low reaction force spring as a result of the smaller spring constant of the first spring member before being heated. | 1. A spring member used for a fuel cell stack in which are stacked a plurality of fuel cell units, each of the fuel cell units having a power generation cell that is formed by sandwiching an electrolyte from both sides with a pair of electrodes and that generates power using supplied gas, and a separator that defines a flow path portion, which is a flow passage for the gas between the separator and the power generation cell, and that is in conductive contact with the power generation cell, the spring member comprising:
a first spring member that generates elastic force for pressing the separator toward the power generation cell; and a second spring member that generates the elastic force independently of the first spring member, the first spring member having a spring constant that decreases upon the spring member being heated, the spring constant of the first spring member being larger than a spring constant of the second spring member before being heated such that the spring member functions as a high reaction force spring, and the spring constant of the first spring member being smaller after being heated as compared to before being heated such that the spring member functions as a low reaction force spring. 2. The spring member according to claim 1, wherein
the spring constant of the first spring member is less than or equal to the spring constant of the second spring member after being heated. 3. The spring member according to claim 1, wherein
the first spring member includes a first base portion spaced apart from the separator, and a first spring portion extending from the first base portion toward the separator while being curved and having a distal end contacting the separator, the second spring member includes a second base portion spaced apart from the separator, and a second spring portion extending from the second base portion toward the separator while being curved and having a distal end contacting the separator, and the first spring member generates an elastic force as a result of a bending deformation of the first spring portion, and the second spring member generates an elastic force as a result of a bending deformation of the second spring portion. 4. The spring member according to claim 3, wherein
a bending angle of the first spring portion with respect to the first base portion is larger than a bending angle of the second spring portion with respect to the second base portion. 5. The spring member according to claim 3, wherein
a section modulus of the first spring portion is larger than a section modulus of the second spring portion. 6. The spring member according to claim 3, wherein
a width of the second spring portion decreases from the second base portion to the separator. 7. The spring member according to claim 3, wherein
a plate thickness of the second spring portion decreases from the second base portion to the separator. 8. The spring member according to claim 3, wherein
the spring member is formed by stacking the second spring member on the first spring member. 9. The spring member according to claim 8, wherein
a plate thickness of the second spring member is thinner than a plate thickness of the first spring member, and the second base portion has an opening for housing the first spring portion. 10. The spring member according to claim 9, wherein
the spring member has a positioning member for positioning between the first spring member and the second spring member, and a circulation portion for circulating the gas from one side to the other side of the first spring member and the second spring member in a stacking direction. 11. The spring member according to claim 8, wherein
the first spring portion and the second spring portion are arranged at different positions in the stacking direction of the fuel cell unit, in a state in which the second spring member is stacked on the first spring member. 12. The spring member according to claim 3, wherein
the first spring portion is a hoop spring. 13. The spring according to claim 3, wherein
the second spring member has a restricting portion that restricts displacement of the second spring portion in a stacking direction of the fuel cell unit, and the second spring portion is an equal moment beam. 14. A fuel cell unit comprising the spring member according to claim 3, and further comprising
a power generation cell that is formed by sandwiching an electrolyte from both sides with a pair of electrodes and that generates power using supplied gas, a separator that defines a flow path portion, which is a flow passage for the gas between the separator and the power generation cell, and that is in conductive contact with the power generation cell. 15. The fuel cell unit according to claim 14, wherein
the spring member has a positioning member for positioning of the spring member with respect to the separator. 16. The fuel cell unit according to claim 14 or 15, wherein
the spring member is formed by arranging the first spring member and the second spring member along a planar direction of the separator, and
the first spring member is arranged at least at a corner portion and a center portion of the spring member. 17. A fuel cell stack in which are stacked a plurality of the fuel cell units according to claim 14. 18. A method for manufacturing a fuel cell stack in which are stacked a plurality of fuel cell units, each of the fuel cell units having a power generation cell that is formed by sandwiching an electrolyte from both sides with a pair of electrodes and that generates power using supplied gas, and a separator that defines a flow path portion, which is a flow passage for the gas between the separator and the power generation cell, and that is in conductive contact with the power generation cell, the method comprising
disposing a spring member including a first spring member that generates an elastic force for pressing the separator toward the power generation cell, and a second spring member that generates an elastic force independently of the first spring member, when the fuel cell units are stacked, when the spring member is disposed, the spring member functions as a high reaction force spring as a result of the first spring member having a higher spring constant relative to a spring constant of the second spring member, and stacking the fuel cell units and then heating the spring member such that the spring constant of the first spring member decreases to cause the spring member to function as a low reaction force spring. 19. The method for manufacturing a fuel cell stack according to claim 18, wherein
one of the power generation cells and the separator are brought relatively closer together, when the fuel cell units are stacked, thereby applying a force to the first spring member in a stacking direction of the fuel cell units and to cause the first spring member to yield. | A grid spring is provided with first raised pieces that generate an elastic force for pressing a separator toward a power generation cell and second raised pieces that generate an elastic force independently of the first raised pieces. The spring constant of the first raised pieces decreases as a result of heating of a grid spring. The grid spring functions as a high reaction force spring as a result of a larger spring constant of the first spring member relative to a spring constant of the second spring member before heating. After being heated, the grid spring functions as a low reaction force spring as a result of the smaller spring constant of the first spring member before being heated.1. A spring member used for a fuel cell stack in which are stacked a plurality of fuel cell units, each of the fuel cell units having a power generation cell that is formed by sandwiching an electrolyte from both sides with a pair of electrodes and that generates power using supplied gas, and a separator that defines a flow path portion, which is a flow passage for the gas between the separator and the power generation cell, and that is in conductive contact with the power generation cell, the spring member comprising:
a first spring member that generates elastic force for pressing the separator toward the power generation cell; and a second spring member that generates the elastic force independently of the first spring member, the first spring member having a spring constant that decreases upon the spring member being heated, the spring constant of the first spring member being larger than a spring constant of the second spring member before being heated such that the spring member functions as a high reaction force spring, and the spring constant of the first spring member being smaller after being heated as compared to before being heated such that the spring member functions as a low reaction force spring. 2. The spring member according to claim 1, wherein
the spring constant of the first spring member is less than or equal to the spring constant of the second spring member after being heated. 3. The spring member according to claim 1, wherein
the first spring member includes a first base portion spaced apart from the separator, and a first spring portion extending from the first base portion toward the separator while being curved and having a distal end contacting the separator, the second spring member includes a second base portion spaced apart from the separator, and a second spring portion extending from the second base portion toward the separator while being curved and having a distal end contacting the separator, and the first spring member generates an elastic force as a result of a bending deformation of the first spring portion, and the second spring member generates an elastic force as a result of a bending deformation of the second spring portion. 4. The spring member according to claim 3, wherein
a bending angle of the first spring portion with respect to the first base portion is larger than a bending angle of the second spring portion with respect to the second base portion. 5. The spring member according to claim 3, wherein
a section modulus of the first spring portion is larger than a section modulus of the second spring portion. 6. The spring member according to claim 3, wherein
a width of the second spring portion decreases from the second base portion to the separator. 7. The spring member according to claim 3, wherein
a plate thickness of the second spring portion decreases from the second base portion to the separator. 8. The spring member according to claim 3, wherein
the spring member is formed by stacking the second spring member on the first spring member. 9. The spring member according to claim 8, wherein
a plate thickness of the second spring member is thinner than a plate thickness of the first spring member, and the second base portion has an opening for housing the first spring portion. 10. The spring member according to claim 9, wherein
the spring member has a positioning member for positioning between the first spring member and the second spring member, and a circulation portion for circulating the gas from one side to the other side of the first spring member and the second spring member in a stacking direction. 11. The spring member according to claim 8, wherein
the first spring portion and the second spring portion are arranged at different positions in the stacking direction of the fuel cell unit, in a state in which the second spring member is stacked on the first spring member. 12. The spring member according to claim 3, wherein
the first spring portion is a hoop spring. 13. The spring according to claim 3, wherein
the second spring member has a restricting portion that restricts displacement of the second spring portion in a stacking direction of the fuel cell unit, and the second spring portion is an equal moment beam. 14. A fuel cell unit comprising the spring member according to claim 3, and further comprising
a power generation cell that is formed by sandwiching an electrolyte from both sides with a pair of electrodes and that generates power using supplied gas, a separator that defines a flow path portion, which is a flow passage for the gas between the separator and the power generation cell, and that is in conductive contact with the power generation cell. 15. The fuel cell unit according to claim 14, wherein
the spring member has a positioning member for positioning of the spring member with respect to the separator. 16. The fuel cell unit according to claim 14 or 15, wherein
the spring member is formed by arranging the first spring member and the second spring member along a planar direction of the separator, and
the first spring member is arranged at least at a corner portion and a center portion of the spring member. 17. A fuel cell stack in which are stacked a plurality of the fuel cell units according to claim 14. 18. A method for manufacturing a fuel cell stack in which are stacked a plurality of fuel cell units, each of the fuel cell units having a power generation cell that is formed by sandwiching an electrolyte from both sides with a pair of electrodes and that generates power using supplied gas, and a separator that defines a flow path portion, which is a flow passage for the gas between the separator and the power generation cell, and that is in conductive contact with the power generation cell, the method comprising
disposing a spring member including a first spring member that generates an elastic force for pressing the separator toward the power generation cell, and a second spring member that generates an elastic force independently of the first spring member, when the fuel cell units are stacked, when the spring member is disposed, the spring member functions as a high reaction force spring as a result of the first spring member having a higher spring constant relative to a spring constant of the second spring member, and stacking the fuel cell units and then heating the spring member such that the spring constant of the first spring member decreases to cause the spring member to function as a low reaction force spring. 19. The method for manufacturing a fuel cell stack according to claim 18, wherein
one of the power generation cells and the separator are brought relatively closer together, when the fuel cell units are stacked, thereby applying a force to the first spring member in a stacking direction of the fuel cell units and to cause the first spring member to yield. | 2,600 |
342,722 | 16,642,454 | 2,652 | FMCW radar sensor including multiple high-frequency modules, which are synchronized with one another by a synchronization signal. At least one includes a transmitting part for generating a frequency-modulated transmit signal. At least two high-frequency modules, physically separated from one another, each include a receiving part for receiving a radar echo, each receiving part being assigned a mixer, which generates an intermediate frequency signal by mixing the received signal with a portion of the transmit signal, and an evaluation unit. The evaluation unit is designed to record the intermediate frequency signal over a measuring period as a function of time, and to subject the time signal thus obtained to a Fourier transform. At least one of the evaluation units is designed to window the time signal before the Fourier transform using a complex-valued window function to compensate for a propagation time difference of the synchronization signal between the receiving parts. | 1-5. (canceled) 6. An FMCW radar sensor, comprising:
multiple high-frequency modules which are synchronized with one another by a synchronization signal, the multiple high-frequency modules including at least two high-frequency modules physically separated from one another, each of the at least two high-frequency modules including a transmitting part configured to transmit a frequency-modulated transmit signal and/or a receiving part configured to receive a radar echo, each of the receiving parts being assigned a mixer, which generates an intermediate frequency signal by mixing a received signal with a portion of the transmit signal, and an evaluation unit, the evaluation unit configured to record the intermediate frequency signal over a measuring period as a function of time and to subject a time signal thus obtained to a Fourier transform; wherein at least one of the evaluation units is configured to window the time signal before the Fourier transform using a complex-valued window function to compensate for a propagation time difference of the synchronization signal between the receiving parts. 7. The radar sensor as recited in claim 6, wherein the at least two high-frequency modules include both the transmitting part and the receiving part, and the evaluation units each include a window module which is switchable between the complex-valued window function and a purely real window function. 8. The radar sensor as recited in claim 6, wherein the windowing is made up of a multiplication of the time signal by a time-dependent window function, which, in addition to a real factor having a time-dependent variable absolute value, contains a complex phase factor in the form of
exp(j−*w*(t−x)), wherein t is the time, w is proportional to a signal path d, which the synchronization signal must travel between the high-frequency modules, and x is a value in an interval [0, T], and T is a duration of the measuring period. 9. The radar sensor as recited in claim 8, wherein the transmitting part is configured to modulate a frequency of the transmit signal in a ramp-shaped manner with a frequency deviation B for the duration of the measuring period T, and in which the complex phase factor is indicated by
exp(−j *2*pi*(1/T)*(t−x)*b), 10. The radar sensor as recited in claim 8, wherein x=T/2. | FMCW radar sensor including multiple high-frequency modules, which are synchronized with one another by a synchronization signal. At least one includes a transmitting part for generating a frequency-modulated transmit signal. At least two high-frequency modules, physically separated from one another, each include a receiving part for receiving a radar echo, each receiving part being assigned a mixer, which generates an intermediate frequency signal by mixing the received signal with a portion of the transmit signal, and an evaluation unit. The evaluation unit is designed to record the intermediate frequency signal over a measuring period as a function of time, and to subject the time signal thus obtained to a Fourier transform. At least one of the evaluation units is designed to window the time signal before the Fourier transform using a complex-valued window function to compensate for a propagation time difference of the synchronization signal between the receiving parts.1-5. (canceled) 6. An FMCW radar sensor, comprising:
multiple high-frequency modules which are synchronized with one another by a synchronization signal, the multiple high-frequency modules including at least two high-frequency modules physically separated from one another, each of the at least two high-frequency modules including a transmitting part configured to transmit a frequency-modulated transmit signal and/or a receiving part configured to receive a radar echo, each of the receiving parts being assigned a mixer, which generates an intermediate frequency signal by mixing a received signal with a portion of the transmit signal, and an evaluation unit, the evaluation unit configured to record the intermediate frequency signal over a measuring period as a function of time and to subject a time signal thus obtained to a Fourier transform; wherein at least one of the evaluation units is configured to window the time signal before the Fourier transform using a complex-valued window function to compensate for a propagation time difference of the synchronization signal between the receiving parts. 7. The radar sensor as recited in claim 6, wherein the at least two high-frequency modules include both the transmitting part and the receiving part, and the evaluation units each include a window module which is switchable between the complex-valued window function and a purely real window function. 8. The radar sensor as recited in claim 6, wherein the windowing is made up of a multiplication of the time signal by a time-dependent window function, which, in addition to a real factor having a time-dependent variable absolute value, contains a complex phase factor in the form of
exp(j−*w*(t−x)), wherein t is the time, w is proportional to a signal path d, which the synchronization signal must travel between the high-frequency modules, and x is a value in an interval [0, T], and T is a duration of the measuring period. 9. The radar sensor as recited in claim 8, wherein the transmitting part is configured to modulate a frequency of the transmit signal in a ramp-shaped manner with a frequency deviation B for the duration of the measuring period T, and in which the complex phase factor is indicated by
exp(−j *2*pi*(1/T)*(t−x)*b), 10. The radar sensor as recited in claim 8, wherein x=T/2. | 2,600 |
342,723 | 16,642,466 | 2,652 | An elastic laminate is provided including at least one gathered outer facing layer of a fabric and an apertured elastic film attached thereto. The aperture film includes a series of alternating first and second segments that extend continuously along the direction of elasticity. The first segments of the film are substantially devoid of any apertures and the second segments are strewn with apertures of irregular size and shape. The regionally limited and irregular apertures are formed by the controlled rupturing of the film within those segments. The elastic laminate has excellent air-permeability and elastic properties. | 1. A composite elastic material comprising:
a laminate having a first fabric attached to an elastic film, said laminate extends in a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; said first fabric is extensible in the first direction and said laminate is elastic in the first direction; said film having a plurality of interposed first and second segments that extend continuously in the first direction; the first segments of the elastic film are strewn with irregular, randomly positioned apertures; the second segments of the elastic film are substantially devoid of apertures; and further wherein the laminate has an air permeability of between about 150-1000 CFM. 2. The composite elastic material of claim 1 wherein the laminate has between 0.5 and 14 first segments per cm along the second direction and further wherein the laminate has between 0.5 and 14 second segments per cm along the second direction. 3. The composite elastic material of claim 1 wherein the laminate has between 1 and 12 first segments per cm along the second direction and further wherein the laminate has between 1 and 12 second segments per cm along the second direction. 4. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the fabric comprises a nonwoven web of olefin polymer fibers and further wherein the elastic film comprises an olefin elastomer. 5. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the first nonwoven web has gathers extending across said first and second segments. 6. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the first and second segments extend a length in the second direction between about 2 mm and 20 mm. 7. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the elastic laminate has a percent extension of between about 75% and about 260% at an extension force of 2000 g-f. 8. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the elastic film extends continuously across at least about 75% of the length of the laminate in the second direction. 9. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the first regions extend continuously along the length of the laminate in the first direction and further wherein the second regions extend continuously along at least about 80% of the length of the laminate in the first direction. 10. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the first fabric comprises a nonwoven web and further wherein the film is bonded to the fibers of the first nonwoven web. 11. The composite elastic laminate of claim 10 further comprising a second fabric comprising a nonwoven web and wherein the film is position between the first and second fabrics. 12. The composite elastic laminate of claim 11 wherein the first and second fabrics have gathers extending across the first and second regions of the film and further wherein the film is bonded to both the first and second fabrics. 13. The composite elastic laminate of claim 11 wherein the laminate has a basis weight less than about 60 g/m2 and wherein the elastic film comprises between about 10 to about 40% of the basis weight of the laminate and still further wherein the laminate has a percent stretch of between about 80% and 250% at 2000 g-f. 14. The composite elastic laminate of claim 13 wherein the elastic film predominantly comprises an elastomer selected from the group of ethylene polymers, propylene polymers and styrenic block copolymers. 15. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the laminate has a basis weight, in an untensioned state, of between about 15 and about 60 g/m2 and further wherein the film comprises between about 10% and about 40% by weight of the laminate. 16. The composite elastic laminate of claim 14 wherein the laminate has a percent stretch of between about 80% and 260% at 2000 g-f. 17. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the film predominantly comprises an olefin elastomer and the first nonwoven web comprises fibers predominantly comprising a first olefin polymer and further wherein the Vicat softening point of the film is lower than the Vicat softening point of the fibers. 18. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the first segments of the film have a plurality of micro-furrows substantially aligned with the first direction. 19. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the laminate is elastic in the first direction and inelastic in the second direction. 20. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the second segments of the film have a plurality of puckers that are substantially aligned with the second direction. | An elastic laminate is provided including at least one gathered outer facing layer of a fabric and an apertured elastic film attached thereto. The aperture film includes a series of alternating first and second segments that extend continuously along the direction of elasticity. The first segments of the film are substantially devoid of any apertures and the second segments are strewn with apertures of irregular size and shape. The regionally limited and irregular apertures are formed by the controlled rupturing of the film within those segments. The elastic laminate has excellent air-permeability and elastic properties.1. A composite elastic material comprising:
a laminate having a first fabric attached to an elastic film, said laminate extends in a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; said first fabric is extensible in the first direction and said laminate is elastic in the first direction; said film having a plurality of interposed first and second segments that extend continuously in the first direction; the first segments of the elastic film are strewn with irregular, randomly positioned apertures; the second segments of the elastic film are substantially devoid of apertures; and further wherein the laminate has an air permeability of between about 150-1000 CFM. 2. The composite elastic material of claim 1 wherein the laminate has between 0.5 and 14 first segments per cm along the second direction and further wherein the laminate has between 0.5 and 14 second segments per cm along the second direction. 3. The composite elastic material of claim 1 wherein the laminate has between 1 and 12 first segments per cm along the second direction and further wherein the laminate has between 1 and 12 second segments per cm along the second direction. 4. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the fabric comprises a nonwoven web of olefin polymer fibers and further wherein the elastic film comprises an olefin elastomer. 5. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the first nonwoven web has gathers extending across said first and second segments. 6. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the first and second segments extend a length in the second direction between about 2 mm and 20 mm. 7. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the elastic laminate has a percent extension of between about 75% and about 260% at an extension force of 2000 g-f. 8. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the elastic film extends continuously across at least about 75% of the length of the laminate in the second direction. 9. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the first regions extend continuously along the length of the laminate in the first direction and further wherein the second regions extend continuously along at least about 80% of the length of the laminate in the first direction. 10. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the first fabric comprises a nonwoven web and further wherein the film is bonded to the fibers of the first nonwoven web. 11. The composite elastic laminate of claim 10 further comprising a second fabric comprising a nonwoven web and wherein the film is position between the first and second fabrics. 12. The composite elastic laminate of claim 11 wherein the first and second fabrics have gathers extending across the first and second regions of the film and further wherein the film is bonded to both the first and second fabrics. 13. The composite elastic laminate of claim 11 wherein the laminate has a basis weight less than about 60 g/m2 and wherein the elastic film comprises between about 10 to about 40% of the basis weight of the laminate and still further wherein the laminate has a percent stretch of between about 80% and 250% at 2000 g-f. 14. The composite elastic laminate of claim 13 wherein the elastic film predominantly comprises an elastomer selected from the group of ethylene polymers, propylene polymers and styrenic block copolymers. 15. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the laminate has a basis weight, in an untensioned state, of between about 15 and about 60 g/m2 and further wherein the film comprises between about 10% and about 40% by weight of the laminate. 16. The composite elastic laminate of claim 14 wherein the laminate has a percent stretch of between about 80% and 260% at 2000 g-f. 17. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the film predominantly comprises an olefin elastomer and the first nonwoven web comprises fibers predominantly comprising a first olefin polymer and further wherein the Vicat softening point of the film is lower than the Vicat softening point of the fibers. 18. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the first segments of the film have a plurality of micro-furrows substantially aligned with the first direction. 19. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the laminate is elastic in the first direction and inelastic in the second direction. 20. The composite elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the second segments of the film have a plurality of puckers that are substantially aligned with the second direction. | 2,600 |
342,724 | 16,642,449 | 2,652 | A method comprising: using a tracked real point of view of a user in a real space and a first mapping between the real space and a virtual space to determine a point of view of a virtual user within the virtual space; causing rendering to the user at least part of a virtual scene determined by the point of view of the virtual user within the virtual space; and using a selected one of a plurality of different mappings to map tracked user actions in the real space to actions of the virtual user in the virtual space, wherein, when a first mode is selected, the method comprises mapping tracked user actions in the real space, using the first mapping, to spatially-equivalent actions of the virtual user in the virtual space, and wherein, when a second mode is selected, the method comprises mapping tracked user actions in the real space, using a second mapping different to the first mapping, to non-spatially-equivalent actions of the virtual user in the virtual space, wherein the second mapping makes available user interactions within a zone of the virtual space unavailable using the first mapping. | 1-15. (canceled) 16. An apparatus comprising:
at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: use a tracked real point of view of a user in a real space and a first mapping between the real space and a virtual space to determine a point of view of a virtual user within the virtual space; cause rendering to the user at least part of a virtual scene determined by the point of view of the virtual user within the virtual space; and use a selected one of a plurality of different mappings to map tracked user actions in the real space to actions of the virtual user in the virtual space; wherein the apparatus is configured so that, when a first mode is selected, the apparatus maps tracked user actions in the real space, using the first mapping, to spatially-equivalent actions of the virtual user in the virtual space, and wherein the apparatus is configured so that, when a second mode is selected, the apparatus maps tracked user actions in the real space, using a second mapping different to the first mapping, to non-spatially-equivalent actions of the virtual user in the virtual space, wherein the second mapping makes available user interactions within a zone of the virtual space unavailable using the first mapping, wherein a location of the virtual user remains outside the zone of the virtual space while the virtual user reaches into the zone of the virtual space. 17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the second mapping provides an extended reach to the virtual user to at least the nearest interactive object in a direction of virtual reach and wherein the first mapping does not provide an extended reach to the virtual user to at least the nearest interactive object in a direction of virtual reach. 18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the apparatus is configured to
select the second mapping from the plurality of mappings in dependence upon actual or predicted changes in a location of the user in the real space. 19. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the apparatus is configured to switch from the first mode to the second mode in response to at least one of:
an extended reach by the user in the real space that extends beyond a threshold value from the user or a reach by the user in the real space into a designated zone. 20. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the apparatus is configured so that a change in the selected one of the plurality of mappings is highlighted to the user within the virtual scene. 21. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the real space comprises a first zone and a second, different, zone, wherein
the first zone of the real space is associated with the first mapping, wherein the apparatus is configured so that when the user is located within the first zone but does not reach into the second zone, the first mapping is used to map tracked user actions in the real space to actions of the virtual user in a first zone of the virtual space; and the second zone of the real space is associated with the second mapping, wherein the apparatus is configured so that when the user reaches into the second zone, the second mapping is used to map tracked user actions in the real space to actions of the virtual user in a second zone of the virtual space. 22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the first mapping and the second mapping have the same equivalent mapping of changes in orientation of the user in the real space to changes of orientation of the virtual user within the virtual space,
wherein the first mapping equivalently maps changes in displacement of the user in the real space to changes in displacement of the virtual user within the virtual space, providing for reach within the virtual space equivalent to reach within the real space, wherein the second mapping non-equivalently maps changes in displacement of the user in the real space to changes in displacement of the virtual user within the virtual space, providing for reach within the virtual space in excess of reach within the real space. 23. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the tracked real point of view of a user in a real space depends upon a tracked orientation of the user or
wherein the tracked real point of view of a user in a real space depends upon a tracked orientation of the user and a tracked location of the user, wherein the apparatus is configured so that a change in tracked location of the user within the first zone of the real space is mapped using the first mapping to a change in virtual location of the virtual user within the virtual space. 24. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the apparatus is configured to use the second mapping to map tracked user actions in the real space to actions of the virtual user in the virtual space to move an object to, within or from a zone of the virtual space that is unavailable using the first mapping. 25. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the apparatus further caused to cause rendering to the user of a representation of the actions of the virtual user in at least the virtual space. 26. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the apparatus is configured to provide user interactive-mediated reality so that user actions at least partially determine what happens within the virtual space. 27. The apparatus of claim 16, configured as a head mounted apparatus. 28. A method comprising:
using a tracked real point of view of a user in a real space and a first mapping between the real space and a virtual space to determine a point of view of a virtual user within the virtual space; causing rendering to the user at least part of a virtual scene determined by the point of view of the virtual user within the virtual space; and using a selected one of a plurality of different mappings to map tracked user actions in the real space to actions of the virtual user in the virtual space. wherein, when a first mode is selected, the method comprises mapping tracked user actions in the real space, using the first mapping, to spatially-equivalent actions of the virtual user in the virtual space, and wherein, when a second mode is selected, the method comprises mapping tracked user actions in the real space, using a second mapping different to the first mapping, to non-spatially-equivalent actions of the virtual user in the virtual space, wherein the second mapping makes available user interactions within a zone of the virtual space unavailable using the first mapping, wherein a location of the virtual user remains outside the zone of the virtual space while the virtual user reaches into the zone of the virtual space 29. The method as claimed in claim 28, wherein the second mapping provides an extended reach to the virtual user to at least the nearest interactive object in a direction of virtual reach and wherein the first mapping does not provide an extended reach to the virtual user to at least the nearest interactive object in a direction of virtual reach. 30. The method of claim 28, wherein the method comprises selecting the second mapping from the plurality of mappings in dependence upon actual or predicted changes in a location of the user in the real space. 31. The method of claim 28, wherein the method comprises switching from the first mode to the second mode in response to at least one of:
an extended reach by the user in the real space that extends beyond a threshold value from the user or a reach by the user in the real space into a designated zone. 32. The method of claim 28, wherein a change in the selected one of the plurality of mappings is highlighted to the user within the virtual scene. 33. The method of claim 28, wherein the real space comprises a first zone and a second, different, zone, wherein
the first zone of the real space is associated with the first mapping, wherein when the user is located within the first zone but does not reach into the second zone, the first mapping is used to map tracked user actions in the real space to actions of the virtual user in a first zone of the virtual space; and the second zone of the real space is associated with the second mapping, wherein when the user reaches into the second zone, the second mapping is used to map tracked user actions in the real space to actions of the virtual user in a second zone of the virtual space. 34. The method of claim 33, wherein the first mapping and the second mapping have the same equivalent mapping of changes in orientation of the user in the real space to changes of orientation of the virtual user within the virtual space,
wherein the first mapping equivalently maps changes in displacement of the user in the real space to changes in displacement of the virtual user within the virtual space, providing for reach within the virtual space equivalent to reach within the real space, wherein the second mapping non-equivalently maps changes in displacement of the user in the real space to changes in displacement of the virtual user within the virtual space, providing for reach within the virtual space in excess of reach within the real space. 35. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising program instructions stored thereon for performing at least the following:
use a tracked real point of view of a user in a real space and a first mapping between the real space and a virtual space to determine a point of view of a virtual user within the virtual space; cause rendering to the user at least part of a virtual scene determined by the point of view of the virtual user within the virtual space; and use a selected one of a plurality of different mappings to map tracked user actions in the real space to actions of the virtual user in the virtual space; wherein, when a first mode is selected, tracked user actions in the real space are mapped, using the first mapping, to spatially-equivalent actions of the virtual user in the virtual space, and wherein, when a second mode is selected, tracked user actions in the real space are mapped, using a second mapping different to the first mapping, to non-spatially-equivalent actions of the virtual user in the virtual space, wherein the second mapping makes available user interactions within a zone of the virtual space unavailable using the first mapping, wherein a location of the virtual user remains outside the zone of the virtual space while the virtual user reaches into the zone of the virtual space. | A method comprising: using a tracked real point of view of a user in a real space and a first mapping between the real space and a virtual space to determine a point of view of a virtual user within the virtual space; causing rendering to the user at least part of a virtual scene determined by the point of view of the virtual user within the virtual space; and using a selected one of a plurality of different mappings to map tracked user actions in the real space to actions of the virtual user in the virtual space, wherein, when a first mode is selected, the method comprises mapping tracked user actions in the real space, using the first mapping, to spatially-equivalent actions of the virtual user in the virtual space, and wherein, when a second mode is selected, the method comprises mapping tracked user actions in the real space, using a second mapping different to the first mapping, to non-spatially-equivalent actions of the virtual user in the virtual space, wherein the second mapping makes available user interactions within a zone of the virtual space unavailable using the first mapping.1-15. (canceled) 16. An apparatus comprising:
at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: use a tracked real point of view of a user in a real space and a first mapping between the real space and a virtual space to determine a point of view of a virtual user within the virtual space; cause rendering to the user at least part of a virtual scene determined by the point of view of the virtual user within the virtual space; and use a selected one of a plurality of different mappings to map tracked user actions in the real space to actions of the virtual user in the virtual space; wherein the apparatus is configured so that, when a first mode is selected, the apparatus maps tracked user actions in the real space, using the first mapping, to spatially-equivalent actions of the virtual user in the virtual space, and wherein the apparatus is configured so that, when a second mode is selected, the apparatus maps tracked user actions in the real space, using a second mapping different to the first mapping, to non-spatially-equivalent actions of the virtual user in the virtual space, wherein the second mapping makes available user interactions within a zone of the virtual space unavailable using the first mapping, wherein a location of the virtual user remains outside the zone of the virtual space while the virtual user reaches into the zone of the virtual space. 17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the second mapping provides an extended reach to the virtual user to at least the nearest interactive object in a direction of virtual reach and wherein the first mapping does not provide an extended reach to the virtual user to at least the nearest interactive object in a direction of virtual reach. 18. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the apparatus is configured to
select the second mapping from the plurality of mappings in dependence upon actual or predicted changes in a location of the user in the real space. 19. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the apparatus is configured to switch from the first mode to the second mode in response to at least one of:
an extended reach by the user in the real space that extends beyond a threshold value from the user or a reach by the user in the real space into a designated zone. 20. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the apparatus is configured so that a change in the selected one of the plurality of mappings is highlighted to the user within the virtual scene. 21. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the real space comprises a first zone and a second, different, zone, wherein
the first zone of the real space is associated with the first mapping, wherein the apparatus is configured so that when the user is located within the first zone but does not reach into the second zone, the first mapping is used to map tracked user actions in the real space to actions of the virtual user in a first zone of the virtual space; and the second zone of the real space is associated with the second mapping, wherein the apparatus is configured so that when the user reaches into the second zone, the second mapping is used to map tracked user actions in the real space to actions of the virtual user in a second zone of the virtual space. 22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the first mapping and the second mapping have the same equivalent mapping of changes in orientation of the user in the real space to changes of orientation of the virtual user within the virtual space,
wherein the first mapping equivalently maps changes in displacement of the user in the real space to changes in displacement of the virtual user within the virtual space, providing for reach within the virtual space equivalent to reach within the real space, wherein the second mapping non-equivalently maps changes in displacement of the user in the real space to changes in displacement of the virtual user within the virtual space, providing for reach within the virtual space in excess of reach within the real space. 23. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the tracked real point of view of a user in a real space depends upon a tracked orientation of the user or
wherein the tracked real point of view of a user in a real space depends upon a tracked orientation of the user and a tracked location of the user, wherein the apparatus is configured so that a change in tracked location of the user within the first zone of the real space is mapped using the first mapping to a change in virtual location of the virtual user within the virtual space. 24. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the apparatus is configured to use the second mapping to map tracked user actions in the real space to actions of the virtual user in the virtual space to move an object to, within or from a zone of the virtual space that is unavailable using the first mapping. 25. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the apparatus further caused to cause rendering to the user of a representation of the actions of the virtual user in at least the virtual space. 26. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the apparatus is configured to provide user interactive-mediated reality so that user actions at least partially determine what happens within the virtual space. 27. The apparatus of claim 16, configured as a head mounted apparatus. 28. A method comprising:
using a tracked real point of view of a user in a real space and a first mapping between the real space and a virtual space to determine a point of view of a virtual user within the virtual space; causing rendering to the user at least part of a virtual scene determined by the point of view of the virtual user within the virtual space; and using a selected one of a plurality of different mappings to map tracked user actions in the real space to actions of the virtual user in the virtual space. wherein, when a first mode is selected, the method comprises mapping tracked user actions in the real space, using the first mapping, to spatially-equivalent actions of the virtual user in the virtual space, and wherein, when a second mode is selected, the method comprises mapping tracked user actions in the real space, using a second mapping different to the first mapping, to non-spatially-equivalent actions of the virtual user in the virtual space, wherein the second mapping makes available user interactions within a zone of the virtual space unavailable using the first mapping, wherein a location of the virtual user remains outside the zone of the virtual space while the virtual user reaches into the zone of the virtual space 29. The method as claimed in claim 28, wherein the second mapping provides an extended reach to the virtual user to at least the nearest interactive object in a direction of virtual reach and wherein the first mapping does not provide an extended reach to the virtual user to at least the nearest interactive object in a direction of virtual reach. 30. The method of claim 28, wherein the method comprises selecting the second mapping from the plurality of mappings in dependence upon actual or predicted changes in a location of the user in the real space. 31. The method of claim 28, wherein the method comprises switching from the first mode to the second mode in response to at least one of:
an extended reach by the user in the real space that extends beyond a threshold value from the user or a reach by the user in the real space into a designated zone. 32. The method of claim 28, wherein a change in the selected one of the plurality of mappings is highlighted to the user within the virtual scene. 33. The method of claim 28, wherein the real space comprises a first zone and a second, different, zone, wherein
the first zone of the real space is associated with the first mapping, wherein when the user is located within the first zone but does not reach into the second zone, the first mapping is used to map tracked user actions in the real space to actions of the virtual user in a first zone of the virtual space; and the second zone of the real space is associated with the second mapping, wherein when the user reaches into the second zone, the second mapping is used to map tracked user actions in the real space to actions of the virtual user in a second zone of the virtual space. 34. The method of claim 33, wherein the first mapping and the second mapping have the same equivalent mapping of changes in orientation of the user in the real space to changes of orientation of the virtual user within the virtual space,
wherein the first mapping equivalently maps changes in displacement of the user in the real space to changes in displacement of the virtual user within the virtual space, providing for reach within the virtual space equivalent to reach within the real space, wherein the second mapping non-equivalently maps changes in displacement of the user in the real space to changes in displacement of the virtual user within the virtual space, providing for reach within the virtual space in excess of reach within the real space. 35. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising program instructions stored thereon for performing at least the following:
use a tracked real point of view of a user in a real space and a first mapping between the real space and a virtual space to determine a point of view of a virtual user within the virtual space; cause rendering to the user at least part of a virtual scene determined by the point of view of the virtual user within the virtual space; and use a selected one of a plurality of different mappings to map tracked user actions in the real space to actions of the virtual user in the virtual space; wherein, when a first mode is selected, tracked user actions in the real space are mapped, using the first mapping, to spatially-equivalent actions of the virtual user in the virtual space, and wherein, when a second mode is selected, tracked user actions in the real space are mapped, using a second mapping different to the first mapping, to non-spatially-equivalent actions of the virtual user in the virtual space, wherein the second mapping makes available user interactions within a zone of the virtual space unavailable using the first mapping, wherein a location of the virtual user remains outside the zone of the virtual space while the virtual user reaches into the zone of the virtual space. | 2,600 |
342,725 | 16,642,442 | 2,652 | Disclosed is a circuit board assembly, a display device, and a method for manufacturing the same. The display device includes a main board, a logic board, a X-coordinate circuit board and a display panel. The main board and the logic board forms a circuit board assembly with a stacked structure, and the logic board is connected to the X-coordinate circuit board by a flexible flat cable line. | 1. A circuit board assembly comprising:
a first circuit board comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a first connecting member being provided on the first surface of the first circuit board; a second circuit board comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a second connecting member being provided on the second surface of the second circuit board; wherein the first connecting member and the second connecting member are configured to be capable of being directly connected together in cooperation with each other; wherein when the first connecting member and the second connecting member are directly connected together, the circuit board assembly forms a stacked configuration in which the first surface of the first circuit board and the second surface of the second circuit board are facing each other. 2. The circuit board assembly according to claim 1, wherein
the first connecting member is a pin header, and the second connecting member is a socket; or the first connecting member is a socket, and the second connecting member is a pin header. 3. The circuit board assembly according to claim 1, wherein the second connecting member is provided on the second surface of the second circuit board in a surface-mount form. 4. The circuit board assembly according to claim 1, wherein at least one surface of the first surface and the second surface of the second circuit board is provided with a plurality of components, and the components are all chip-shaped components and all are provided on the at least one surface in a surface-mount form. 5. A display device comprising the circuit board assembly according to claim 1. 6. The display device according to claim 5, wherein the first circuit board is a main board, the second circuit board is a logic board, and the first connecting member and the second connecting member are configured to transmit low voltage differential signals between the main board and the logic board. 7. The display device according to claim 6, wherein the first connecting member is a DuPont pin header, and the second connecting member is a corresponding socket. 8. The display device according to claim 6, wherein the logic board is a timing-sequence control circuit board. 9. The display device according to claim 6, wherein
the display device further comprises an X-coordinate circuit board; a flexible flat cable holder is provided on the first surface of the logic board, and the flexible flat cable holder is connected to a signal interface of the X-coordinate circuit board through a flexible flat cable line. 10. The display device according to claim 9, wherein from the flexible flat cable holder to the signal interface, with respect to the main board, the flexible flat cable line is only adjacent to the first surface of the main board. 11. The display device according to claim 10, wherein the flexible flat cable line comprises at least one gap extending along a length direction of the flexible flat cable line between two ends of the flexible flat cable line. 12. The display device according to claim 9, wherein from the flexible flat cable holder to the signal interface, with respect to the main board, the flexible flat cable line starts from the flexible flat cable holder to extend adjacent to the first surface of the main board and along a first direction away from the signal interface to an edge of the main board, and the flexible flat cable line passes around the main board at the edge to extend adjacent to the second surface of the main board and along a second direction opposite to the first direction. 13. The display device according to claim 12, wherein the flexible flat cable line is surrounded by a heat-shrinkable sleeve and a metal foil. 14. The display device according to claim 9, wherein the flexible flat cable holder is provided on the first surface of the logic board in a surface-mount form. 15. The display device according to claim 5, wherein the display device is a liquid crystal television, a plasma television, or a tablet computer. 16. A method for manufacturing the display device according to claim 9, comprising the following steps:
directly connecting the logic board to the main board to form the circuit board assembly; and connecting the flexible flat cable holder of the logic board to the signal interface of the X-coordinate circuit board by using the flexible flat cable line. 17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the step of connecting the flexible flat cable holder of the logic board to the signal interface of the X-coordinate circuit board by using the flexible flat cable line comprises:
connecting the flexible flat cable line to the flexible flat cable holder; extending the flexible flat cable line adjacent to the first surface of the main board to an edge of the main board; and making the flexible flat cable line leave the main board from the edge, and extending and connecting the flexible flat cable line to the signal interface. 18. The method according to claim 17, further comprising forming at least one gap extending along a length direction of the flexible flat cable and between two ends of the flexible flat cable line. 19. The method according to claim 16, wherein the step of connecting the flexible flat cable holder of the logic board to the signal interface of the X-coordinate circuit board by using the flexible flat cable line comprises:
connecting the flexible flat cable line to the flexible flat cable holder; extending the flexible flat cable line adjacent to the first surface of the main board and along a first direction away from the signal interface to a first edge of the main board; passing the flexible flat cable line around the first edge, extending the flexible flat cable line adjacent to the second surface of the main board and along a second direction opposite to the first direction to a second edge of the main board; and making the flexible flat cable line leave the main board from the second edge, and extending and connecting the flexible flat cable line to the signal interface. 20. The method according to claim 19, further comprising using a heat-shrinkable sleeve and a metal foil to surround the flexible flat cable line. | Disclosed is a circuit board assembly, a display device, and a method for manufacturing the same. The display device includes a main board, a logic board, a X-coordinate circuit board and a display panel. The main board and the logic board forms a circuit board assembly with a stacked structure, and the logic board is connected to the X-coordinate circuit board by a flexible flat cable line.1. A circuit board assembly comprising:
a first circuit board comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a first connecting member being provided on the first surface of the first circuit board; a second circuit board comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a second connecting member being provided on the second surface of the second circuit board; wherein the first connecting member and the second connecting member are configured to be capable of being directly connected together in cooperation with each other; wherein when the first connecting member and the second connecting member are directly connected together, the circuit board assembly forms a stacked configuration in which the first surface of the first circuit board and the second surface of the second circuit board are facing each other. 2. The circuit board assembly according to claim 1, wherein
the first connecting member is a pin header, and the second connecting member is a socket; or the first connecting member is a socket, and the second connecting member is a pin header. 3. The circuit board assembly according to claim 1, wherein the second connecting member is provided on the second surface of the second circuit board in a surface-mount form. 4. The circuit board assembly according to claim 1, wherein at least one surface of the first surface and the second surface of the second circuit board is provided with a plurality of components, and the components are all chip-shaped components and all are provided on the at least one surface in a surface-mount form. 5. A display device comprising the circuit board assembly according to claim 1. 6. The display device according to claim 5, wherein the first circuit board is a main board, the second circuit board is a logic board, and the first connecting member and the second connecting member are configured to transmit low voltage differential signals between the main board and the logic board. 7. The display device according to claim 6, wherein the first connecting member is a DuPont pin header, and the second connecting member is a corresponding socket. 8. The display device according to claim 6, wherein the logic board is a timing-sequence control circuit board. 9. The display device according to claim 6, wherein
the display device further comprises an X-coordinate circuit board; a flexible flat cable holder is provided on the first surface of the logic board, and the flexible flat cable holder is connected to a signal interface of the X-coordinate circuit board through a flexible flat cable line. 10. The display device according to claim 9, wherein from the flexible flat cable holder to the signal interface, with respect to the main board, the flexible flat cable line is only adjacent to the first surface of the main board. 11. The display device according to claim 10, wherein the flexible flat cable line comprises at least one gap extending along a length direction of the flexible flat cable line between two ends of the flexible flat cable line. 12. The display device according to claim 9, wherein from the flexible flat cable holder to the signal interface, with respect to the main board, the flexible flat cable line starts from the flexible flat cable holder to extend adjacent to the first surface of the main board and along a first direction away from the signal interface to an edge of the main board, and the flexible flat cable line passes around the main board at the edge to extend adjacent to the second surface of the main board and along a second direction opposite to the first direction. 13. The display device according to claim 12, wherein the flexible flat cable line is surrounded by a heat-shrinkable sleeve and a metal foil. 14. The display device according to claim 9, wherein the flexible flat cable holder is provided on the first surface of the logic board in a surface-mount form. 15. The display device according to claim 5, wherein the display device is a liquid crystal television, a plasma television, or a tablet computer. 16. A method for manufacturing the display device according to claim 9, comprising the following steps:
directly connecting the logic board to the main board to form the circuit board assembly; and connecting the flexible flat cable holder of the logic board to the signal interface of the X-coordinate circuit board by using the flexible flat cable line. 17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the step of connecting the flexible flat cable holder of the logic board to the signal interface of the X-coordinate circuit board by using the flexible flat cable line comprises:
connecting the flexible flat cable line to the flexible flat cable holder; extending the flexible flat cable line adjacent to the first surface of the main board to an edge of the main board; and making the flexible flat cable line leave the main board from the edge, and extending and connecting the flexible flat cable line to the signal interface. 18. The method according to claim 17, further comprising forming at least one gap extending along a length direction of the flexible flat cable and between two ends of the flexible flat cable line. 19. The method according to claim 16, wherein the step of connecting the flexible flat cable holder of the logic board to the signal interface of the X-coordinate circuit board by using the flexible flat cable line comprises:
connecting the flexible flat cable line to the flexible flat cable holder; extending the flexible flat cable line adjacent to the first surface of the main board and along a first direction away from the signal interface to a first edge of the main board; passing the flexible flat cable line around the first edge, extending the flexible flat cable line adjacent to the second surface of the main board and along a second direction opposite to the first direction to a second edge of the main board; and making the flexible flat cable line leave the main board from the second edge, and extending and connecting the flexible flat cable line to the signal interface. 20. The method according to claim 19, further comprising using a heat-shrinkable sleeve and a metal foil to surround the flexible flat cable line. | 2,600 |
342,726 | 16,642,463 | 2,652 | A system for detecting command gestures made by a finger of a driver of a motor vehicle, the system including an interface pad, a light source that emits in the infrared toward the pad, an imaging sensor, for capturing images steered by the pad away from the driver, with a base frame and a movable plate, an optical zone of interest seen by the imaging sensor being defined at the interface between the base frame and the plate, the pad including an elastic deformable seal interposed between the base frame and the movable plate, the seal being absorbent at the optical wavelengths of interest, the pad including a reflective strip behind the seal from the point of view of the camera, so that the seal forms a zone that appears dim to the camera, the size of the dim zone depending on the pressure exerted on the plate. | 1. A system for detecting command gestures made by at least one finger (P, F) of a driver of a motor vehicle, the system comprising:
at least one interface pad (3) located in proximity to the rim of the steering wheel (8), at least one light source (4) that emits an optical beam (L1) mainly in the near-infrared band toward the interface pad (3), an imaging sensor (5), for capturing at least images steered (L2) by the interface pad (3) away from the driver, 2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the elastic deformable seal (6; 61, 62; 7) becomes wider when a finger (P) presses on the movable plate (2) in the direction of the imaging sensor (5). 3. The system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the elastic deformable seal (6; 61, 62; 7) becomes narrower when a finger (F) presses on the movable plate (2) in the direction of the driver. 4. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the elastic deformable seal (61, 62) has a round cross section at rest. 5. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the elastic deformable seal (7) has an ovoid general cross section with two radially opposite flats. 6. The system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the elastic deformable seal (7) is adhesively bonded in the zone of the flats, both to the movable plate (2) and also to the base frame (1). 7. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein bright zones (ZC) and dim zones (ZF) are created as seen by the imaging sensor (5), the bright zones (ZC) and the dim zones (ZF) being separated by a limit (K), and this limit (K) is moved proportionally to the force exerted on the movable plate (2). 8. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the movable plate (2) is transparent at least to infrared light, so as to be able to detect movements of a finger inside the zone covered by the movable plate (2) through the movable plate (2). 9. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the light source (4) emits in the near-infrared band, typically in the wavelength band 850 nm-940 nm, and does not emit in the visible band. 10. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein provision is made for an elastic return to the rest position. 11. The system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the elastic deformable seal (61, 62) has a round cross section at rest. 12. The system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the elastic deformable seal (61, 62) has a round cross section at rest. 13. The system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the elastic deformable seal (7) has an ovoid general cross section with two radially opposite flats. 14. The system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the elastic deformable seal (7) has an ovoid general cross section with two radially opposite flats. 15. The system as claimed in claim 2, wherein bright zones (ZC) and dim zones (ZF) are created as seen by the imaging sensor (5), the bright zones (ZC) and the dim zones (ZF) being separated by a limit (K), and this limit (K) is moved proportionally to the force exerted on the movable plate (2). 16. The system as claimed in claim 3, wherein bright zones (ZC) and dim zones (ZF) are created as seen by the imaging sensor (5), the bright zones (ZC) and the dim zones (ZF) being separated by a limit (K), and this limit (K) is moved proportionally to the force exerted on the movable plate (2). 17. The system as claimed in claim 4, wherein bright zones (ZC) and dim zones (ZF) are created as seen by the imaging sensor (5), the bright zones (ZC) and the dim zones (ZF) being separated by a limit (K), and this limit (K) is moved proportionally to the force exerted on the movable plate (2). 18. The system as claimed in claim 5, wherein bright zones (ZC) and dim zones (ZF) are created as seen by the imaging sensor (5), the bright zones (ZC) and the dim zones (ZF) being separated by a limit (K), and this limit (K) is moved proportionally to the force exerted on the movable plate (2). 19. The system as claimed in claim 6, wherein bright zones (ZC) and dim zones (ZF) are created as seen by the imaging sensor (5), the bright zones (ZC) and the dim zones (ZF) being separated by a limit (K), and this limit (K) is moved proportionally to the force exerted on the movable plate (2). 20. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein provision is made for an elastic return to the rest position, said return being achieved via the intrinsic resilience of the elastic deformable seal (6; 61, 62; 7). | A system for detecting command gestures made by a finger of a driver of a motor vehicle, the system including an interface pad, a light source that emits in the infrared toward the pad, an imaging sensor, for capturing images steered by the pad away from the driver, with a base frame and a movable plate, an optical zone of interest seen by the imaging sensor being defined at the interface between the base frame and the plate, the pad including an elastic deformable seal interposed between the base frame and the movable plate, the seal being absorbent at the optical wavelengths of interest, the pad including a reflective strip behind the seal from the point of view of the camera, so that the seal forms a zone that appears dim to the camera, the size of the dim zone depending on the pressure exerted on the plate.1. A system for detecting command gestures made by at least one finger (P, F) of a driver of a motor vehicle, the system comprising:
at least one interface pad (3) located in proximity to the rim of the steering wheel (8), at least one light source (4) that emits an optical beam (L1) mainly in the near-infrared band toward the interface pad (3), an imaging sensor (5), for capturing at least images steered (L2) by the interface pad (3) away from the driver, 2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the elastic deformable seal (6; 61, 62; 7) becomes wider when a finger (P) presses on the movable plate (2) in the direction of the imaging sensor (5). 3. The system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the elastic deformable seal (6; 61, 62; 7) becomes narrower when a finger (F) presses on the movable plate (2) in the direction of the driver. 4. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the elastic deformable seal (61, 62) has a round cross section at rest. 5. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the elastic deformable seal (7) has an ovoid general cross section with two radially opposite flats. 6. The system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the elastic deformable seal (7) is adhesively bonded in the zone of the flats, both to the movable plate (2) and also to the base frame (1). 7. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein bright zones (ZC) and dim zones (ZF) are created as seen by the imaging sensor (5), the bright zones (ZC) and the dim zones (ZF) being separated by a limit (K), and this limit (K) is moved proportionally to the force exerted on the movable plate (2). 8. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the movable plate (2) is transparent at least to infrared light, so as to be able to detect movements of a finger inside the zone covered by the movable plate (2) through the movable plate (2). 9. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the light source (4) emits in the near-infrared band, typically in the wavelength band 850 nm-940 nm, and does not emit in the visible band. 10. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein provision is made for an elastic return to the rest position. 11. The system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the elastic deformable seal (61, 62) has a round cross section at rest. 12. The system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the elastic deformable seal (61, 62) has a round cross section at rest. 13. The system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the elastic deformable seal (7) has an ovoid general cross section with two radially opposite flats. 14. The system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the elastic deformable seal (7) has an ovoid general cross section with two radially opposite flats. 15. The system as claimed in claim 2, wherein bright zones (ZC) and dim zones (ZF) are created as seen by the imaging sensor (5), the bright zones (ZC) and the dim zones (ZF) being separated by a limit (K), and this limit (K) is moved proportionally to the force exerted on the movable plate (2). 16. The system as claimed in claim 3, wherein bright zones (ZC) and dim zones (ZF) are created as seen by the imaging sensor (5), the bright zones (ZC) and the dim zones (ZF) being separated by a limit (K), and this limit (K) is moved proportionally to the force exerted on the movable plate (2). 17. The system as claimed in claim 4, wherein bright zones (ZC) and dim zones (ZF) are created as seen by the imaging sensor (5), the bright zones (ZC) and the dim zones (ZF) being separated by a limit (K), and this limit (K) is moved proportionally to the force exerted on the movable plate (2). 18. The system as claimed in claim 5, wherein bright zones (ZC) and dim zones (ZF) are created as seen by the imaging sensor (5), the bright zones (ZC) and the dim zones (ZF) being separated by a limit (K), and this limit (K) is moved proportionally to the force exerted on the movable plate (2). 19. The system as claimed in claim 6, wherein bright zones (ZC) and dim zones (ZF) are created as seen by the imaging sensor (5), the bright zones (ZC) and the dim zones (ZF) being separated by a limit (K), and this limit (K) is moved proportionally to the force exerted on the movable plate (2). 20. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein provision is made for an elastic return to the rest position, said return being achieved via the intrinsic resilience of the elastic deformable seal (6; 61, 62; 7). | 2,600 |
342,727 | 16,642,451 | 2,652 | An image recorder (18) supported above a conveyor (22) captures images of a top surface of the loaded pallet (30) supported on the conveyor (22). The image is transmitted to a computer (26). A software routine stored on a memory on the computer (26) compares the image to a manufacturing specification. The software routine determines whether the image is within a manufacturing tolerance of the manufacturing specification. | 1.-42. (canceled) 43. A loaded pallet inspection system comprising:
a generally horizontal support surface; an image recorder supported near the support surface; a computer having a memory with a software routine stored thereon; and a communication link transmitting signals between the image recorder and the computer. 44. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 43 further comprising:
a target area defined by a boundary having a surface area greater than a cross-sectional surface area of the loaded pallet. 45. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 44 wherein the target area is visibly marked on the support surface. 46. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 44 wherein the target area is defined by crosshairs on the image recorder. 47. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 44 wherein the support surface is a conveyor for moving loaded pallets. 48. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 47 wherein manufacturing specifications are stored on the computer memory and the software routine compares an image recorded by the image recorder to the manufacturing specification. 49. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 48 wherein the manufacturing specification is directed to an alignment of the loaded pallet on the support surface. 50. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 48 wherein the manufacturing specification is directed to an arrangement of straps securing a plurality of articles to the loaded pallet (30). 51. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 50 wherein the software routine uses a pattern recognition subroutine or a pattern matching logic subroutine to determine whether loaded pallet is within a tolerance of the manufacturing specification. 52. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 51 the computer is in electrical communication with the conveyor to control a movement of the conveyor in response to an output from the software routine. 53. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 52 further comprising:
a first guide mounted above the support surface, wherein the first guide supports the image recorder and is configured to allow longitudinal movement by the image recorder in a direction of a traverse of the conveyor. 54. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 53 further comprising:
a second guide mounted above the support surface, wherein the second guide further supports the image recorder and is configured to allow transverse movement by the image recorder in a direction transverse to the direction of the traverse of the conveyor, wherein the image recorder is multi-positional relative to the support surface. 55. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 44 wherein the target area is transverse to the support surface. 56. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 44 wherein the target area is three dimensional forming a virtual volume. 57. A method of inspecting a loaded pallet inspection comprising the steps of:
providing an image recorder supported adjacent a conveyor; capturing an image of the loaded pallet supported on the conveyor; transmitting a signal from the image recorder to a computer wherein the signal carries digital information for reproducing the image on the computer; comparing the image to a manufacturing specification using a software routine stored on a memory on the computer; determining whether the image is within a manufacturing tolerance of the manufacturing specification using the software routine. 58. The method of claim 57 further comprising the step of:
moving the image recorder relative to the conveyor in a direction of a traverse of the conveyor. 59. The method of claim 58 further comprising the step of:
moving the image recorder relative to the conveyor in a direction transverse to the traverse of the conveyor. 60. The method of claim 59 further comprising the step of:
automatically stopping movement of the conveyor in response to an output by the software routine by sending a signal from the computer to the conveyor. 61. The method of claim 59 wherein the image recorder is supported above the conveyor at height greater than a height of a loaded pallet wherein the capturing an image step includes capturing an image of a top surface of the loaded pallet supported on the conveyor. | An image recorder (18) supported above a conveyor (22) captures images of a top surface of the loaded pallet (30) supported on the conveyor (22). The image is transmitted to a computer (26). A software routine stored on a memory on the computer (26) compares the image to a manufacturing specification. The software routine determines whether the image is within a manufacturing tolerance of the manufacturing specification.1.-42. (canceled) 43. A loaded pallet inspection system comprising:
a generally horizontal support surface; an image recorder supported near the support surface; a computer having a memory with a software routine stored thereon; and a communication link transmitting signals between the image recorder and the computer. 44. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 43 further comprising:
a target area defined by a boundary having a surface area greater than a cross-sectional surface area of the loaded pallet. 45. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 44 wherein the target area is visibly marked on the support surface. 46. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 44 wherein the target area is defined by crosshairs on the image recorder. 47. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 44 wherein the support surface is a conveyor for moving loaded pallets. 48. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 47 wherein manufacturing specifications are stored on the computer memory and the software routine compares an image recorded by the image recorder to the manufacturing specification. 49. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 48 wherein the manufacturing specification is directed to an alignment of the loaded pallet on the support surface. 50. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 48 wherein the manufacturing specification is directed to an arrangement of straps securing a plurality of articles to the loaded pallet (30). 51. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 50 wherein the software routine uses a pattern recognition subroutine or a pattern matching logic subroutine to determine whether loaded pallet is within a tolerance of the manufacturing specification. 52. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 51 the computer is in electrical communication with the conveyor to control a movement of the conveyor in response to an output from the software routine. 53. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 52 further comprising:
a first guide mounted above the support surface, wherein the first guide supports the image recorder and is configured to allow longitudinal movement by the image recorder in a direction of a traverse of the conveyor. 54. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 53 further comprising:
a second guide mounted above the support surface, wherein the second guide further supports the image recorder and is configured to allow transverse movement by the image recorder in a direction transverse to the direction of the traverse of the conveyor, wherein the image recorder is multi-positional relative to the support surface. 55. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 44 wherein the target area is transverse to the support surface. 56. The loaded pallet inspection system of claim 44 wherein the target area is three dimensional forming a virtual volume. 57. A method of inspecting a loaded pallet inspection comprising the steps of:
providing an image recorder supported adjacent a conveyor; capturing an image of the loaded pallet supported on the conveyor; transmitting a signal from the image recorder to a computer wherein the signal carries digital information for reproducing the image on the computer; comparing the image to a manufacturing specification using a software routine stored on a memory on the computer; determining whether the image is within a manufacturing tolerance of the manufacturing specification using the software routine. 58. The method of claim 57 further comprising the step of:
moving the image recorder relative to the conveyor in a direction of a traverse of the conveyor. 59. The method of claim 58 further comprising the step of:
moving the image recorder relative to the conveyor in a direction transverse to the traverse of the conveyor. 60. The method of claim 59 further comprising the step of:
automatically stopping movement of the conveyor in response to an output by the software routine by sending a signal from the computer to the conveyor. 61. The method of claim 59 wherein the image recorder is supported above the conveyor at height greater than a height of a loaded pallet wherein the capturing an image step includes capturing an image of a top surface of the loaded pallet supported on the conveyor. | 2,600 |
342,728 | 16,642,441 | 2,652 | Provided herein are myeloid cell leukemia 1 protein (Mcl-1) inhibitors, methods of their preparation, related pharmaceutical compositions, and methods of using the same. For example, provided herein are compounds of Formula I, or a stenoisomer thereof; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds. The compounds and compositions provided herein may be used, for example, in the treatment of diseases or conditions, such as cancer. | 1. A compound of Formula I: 2. A compound of Formula IA: 3. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound has the Formula II: 4. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound has the Formula IIa: 5. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1 is halo. 6. (canceled) 7. The compound of claim 1, wherein R3 is H. 8. The compound of claim 1, wherein R4 is independently selected from H, —C1-6alkyl, or —C1-6alkyl-O—C1-6alkyl. 9. (canceled) 10. The compound of claim 1, wherein R5 is selected from H or —C1-6alkyl. 11. (canceled) 12. The compound of claim 1, wherein R6 is selected from H or —C1-6alkyl. 13. (canceled) 14. (canceled) 15. The compound of claim 1, wherein R9 is —C1-6alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3 R10 substituents. 16. (canceled) 17. (canceled) 18. The compound of claim 1, wherein R10 is independently selected from halo, —OH, —NRaRb; —(═O), —OC1-6alkyl, —SO2Ra, phenyl, a 5- to 12-membered spirocycloalkyl or spiroheterocycloalkyl, or a 3- to 12-membered monocyclic or bicyclic heterocycloalkyl group, wherein the heteroaryl, spiroheterocycloalkyl and heterocycloalkyl groups have 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N or S. 19-24. (canceled) 25. The compound of claim 18, wherein R10 is a 3- to 12-membered monocyclic or bicyclic heterocycloalkyl group, wherein the heterocycloalkyl group has 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms independently selected from O, S, or N. 26. The compound of claim 1, wherein R9 is independently selected from —CH3, —CH2OOH, CH(OH)CF3, —C(═O), —C(═O)OH, —CHCH2(OH), —CH(OH)CH3, —CH2(O)CH3, —C(═O)CH3, —CH2S(O)2CH3, —C(═O)NH(CH2)2OCH3, 27-35. (canceled) 36. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound has the Formula III: 37. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound has the Formula IIIa: 38. The compound of claim 37, wherein R1 is halo. 39. (canceled) 40. The compound of claim 37, wherein R4 is —C1-6alkyl. 41. (canceled) 42. The compound of claim 37, wherein R5 is —C1-6alkyl. 43. (canceled) 44. The compound of claim 37, wherein R6 is H. 45. The compound of claim 37, wherein R9 is —CH2OH, —CH(OH)CH2CH3, or 46. (canceled) 47. A compound, wherein the compound has a structure selected from: 48. A compound, wherein the compound has a structure selected from: 49. The compound of claim 48 or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 50. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of claim 1 or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent. 51. A method of treating cancer, the method comprising:
administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 52. The method of claim 51, wherein the cancer is a hematologic malignancy. 53. The method of claim 51, wherein the cancer is selected from the group consisting of breast cancer, colorectal cancer, skin cancer, melanoma, ovarian cancer, kidney cancer, lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, myeloma, multiple myeloma, leukemia, and acute myelogenous leukemia. 54. The method of claim 53, wherein the cancer is multiple myeloma. 55. The method of claim 51, further comprising administering to the patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of an additional pharmaceutically active compound. 56. The method of claim 55, wherein the additional pharmaceutically active compound is carfilzomib, venetoclax, or cytarabine. 57-65. (canceled) | Provided herein are myeloid cell leukemia 1 protein (Mcl-1) inhibitors, methods of their preparation, related pharmaceutical compositions, and methods of using the same. For example, provided herein are compounds of Formula I, or a stenoisomer thereof; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds. The compounds and compositions provided herein may be used, for example, in the treatment of diseases or conditions, such as cancer.1. A compound of Formula I: 2. A compound of Formula IA: 3. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound has the Formula II: 4. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound has the Formula IIa: 5. The compound of claim 1, wherein R1 is halo. 6. (canceled) 7. The compound of claim 1, wherein R3 is H. 8. The compound of claim 1, wherein R4 is independently selected from H, —C1-6alkyl, or —C1-6alkyl-O—C1-6alkyl. 9. (canceled) 10. The compound of claim 1, wherein R5 is selected from H or —C1-6alkyl. 11. (canceled) 12. The compound of claim 1, wherein R6 is selected from H or —C1-6alkyl. 13. (canceled) 14. (canceled) 15. The compound of claim 1, wherein R9 is —C1-6alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with 1, 2, or 3 R10 substituents. 16. (canceled) 17. (canceled) 18. The compound of claim 1, wherein R10 is independently selected from halo, —OH, —NRaRb; —(═O), —OC1-6alkyl, —SO2Ra, phenyl, a 5- to 12-membered spirocycloalkyl or spiroheterocycloalkyl, or a 3- to 12-membered monocyclic or bicyclic heterocycloalkyl group, wherein the heteroaryl, spiroheterocycloalkyl and heterocycloalkyl groups have 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms independently selected from O, N or S. 19-24. (canceled) 25. The compound of claim 18, wherein R10 is a 3- to 12-membered monocyclic or bicyclic heterocycloalkyl group, wherein the heterocycloalkyl group has 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms independently selected from O, S, or N. 26. The compound of claim 1, wherein R9 is independently selected from —CH3, —CH2OOH, CH(OH)CF3, —C(═O), —C(═O)OH, —CHCH2(OH), —CH(OH)CH3, —CH2(O)CH3, —C(═O)CH3, —CH2S(O)2CH3, —C(═O)NH(CH2)2OCH3, 27-35. (canceled) 36. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound has the Formula III: 37. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound has the Formula IIIa: 38. The compound of claim 37, wherein R1 is halo. 39. (canceled) 40. The compound of claim 37, wherein R4 is —C1-6alkyl. 41. (canceled) 42. The compound of claim 37, wherein R5 is —C1-6alkyl. 43. (canceled) 44. The compound of claim 37, wherein R6 is H. 45. The compound of claim 37, wherein R9 is —CH2OH, —CH(OH)CH2CH3, or 46. (canceled) 47. A compound, wherein the compound has a structure selected from: 48. A compound, wherein the compound has a structure selected from: 49. The compound of claim 48 or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 50. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of claim 1 or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent. 51. A method of treating cancer, the method comprising:
administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 52. The method of claim 51, wherein the cancer is a hematologic malignancy. 53. The method of claim 51, wherein the cancer is selected from the group consisting of breast cancer, colorectal cancer, skin cancer, melanoma, ovarian cancer, kidney cancer, lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, myeloma, multiple myeloma, leukemia, and acute myelogenous leukemia. 54. The method of claim 53, wherein the cancer is multiple myeloma. 55. The method of claim 51, further comprising administering to the patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of an additional pharmaceutically active compound. 56. The method of claim 55, wherein the additional pharmaceutically active compound is carfilzomib, venetoclax, or cytarabine. 57-65. (canceled) | 2,600 |
342,729 | 16,642,428 | 2,652 | A combination comprising at least one diamide insecticide; and at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive, and a composition comprising the same | 1. A combination comprising:
a. at least one diamide insecticide; and b. at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive. 2. The combination as claimed in claim 1, wherein diamide insecticide is selected from broflanilide, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, cyclaniliprole, cyhalodiamide, flubendiamide and tetraniliprole. 3. The combination as claimed in claim 1, wherein the silicic acid based plant health promoting additive is selected from metasilicic acid (H2SiO3), orthosilicic acid (H4SiO4), disilicic acid (H2Si2O), and pyrosilicic acid (H6Si2O7). 4. The combination as claimed in claim 1, wherein the silicic acid plant health additive is orthosilicic acid. 5. A combination as claimed in claim 1, wherein said combination further comprises a multisite fungicide. 6. The combination as claimed in claim 5, wherein the multisite fungicide is selected from the group consisting of:
(a) copper fungicides selected from copper oxychloride, copper sulfate, copper hydroxide and tribasic copper sulfate (Bordeaux mixture); (b) elemental sulfur; (c) dithiocarbamate fungicides selected from amobam, asomate, azithiram, carbamorph, cufraneb, cuprobam, disulfiram, ferbam, metam, nabam, tecoram, thiram, urbacide, ziram, dazomet, etem, milneb, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, polycarbamate, propineb and zineb; (d) phthalimide fungicides selected from folpet, captan and captafol; (e) chlorothalonil; (f) sulfamide fungicides selected from dichlofluanid and tolylfluanid; (g) guanidine fungicides selected from dodine, guazantine and iminoctaadine; (h) anilazine; (i) dithianon; and (j) combinations thereof; 7. A combination comprising chlorantraniliprole and stabilised orthosilicic acid. 8. The combination of claim 7, further comprising mancozeb. 9. The combination of claim 7 further comprising claims, comprising a first systemic fungicide. 10. The combination as claimed in claim 9, further comprising a second systemic fungicide. 11. The combination as claimed in claim 10,
wherein the first systemic fungicide is selected from a quinone outside inhibitor, a quinone inside inhibitor, a demethylation inhibitor and a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor; and the second systemic fungicide is selected from a quinone outside inhibitor, a quinone inside inhibitor, a demethylation inhibitor and a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor; such that (a) when the first systemic fungicide is a demethylation inhibitor, the second systemic fungicide is selected from a quinone outside inhibitor, a quinone inside inhibitor and a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor; or when (b) the first systemic fungicide is a quinone outside inhibitor, the second systemic fungicide is selected from a quinone inside inhibitor, a demethylation inhibitor and a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor; or when (c) the first systemic fungicide is a quinone inside inhibitor, the second systemic fungicide is selected from a quinone outside inhibitor, a demethylation inhibitor and a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor; or when (d) the first systemic fungicide is a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor, the second systemic fungicide is selected from a quinone outside inhibitor, a quinone inside inhibitor and a demethylation inhibitor; or (e) when the multi-site contact fungicide is a combination of mancozeb and chlorothalonil, the systemic fungicide is at least one of a quinone outside inhibitor, a quinone inside inhibitor, a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor and a demethylation inhibitor. 12. The combination as claimed in claim 11, wherein the demethylation inhibitor is selected from triflumizole, triforine, pyridinitrile, pyrifenox, fenarimol, nuarimol, triarimol and a conazole fungicide selected from the group consisting of climbazole, clotrimazole, imazalil, oxpoconazole, prochloraz, prochloraz-manganese, triflumizole, azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, diclobutrazol, difenoconazole, diniconazole, diniconazole-M, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluotrimazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, furconazole, furconazole-cis, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, ipconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, pencoconazole, propiconazole, prothioconazole, quinconazole, simeconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, triticonazole, uniconazole, perfurazoate and uniconazole-P;
the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of benodanil, flutolanil, mepronil, fluopyram, fenfuram, carboxin, oxycarboxin, thifluzamide, bixafen, fluxapyroxad, furametpyr, isopyrazam, penflufen, penthiopyrad, sedaxane and boscalid; the quinone outside inhibitor is selected from fenamidone, famoxadone, and a strobilurin fungicide selected from the group consisting of azoxystrobin, mandestrobin, coumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, flufenoxystrobin, pyraoxystrobin, dimoxystrobin, enestrobin, fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl, metominostrobin, orysastrobin, picoxystrobin, pyrametostrobin, triclopyricarb, fenaminstrobin, pyraclostrobin and trifloxystrobin; and the quinone inside inhibitor is selected from cyazofamid and amisulbrom. 13. The combination as claimed in claim 12, wherein the systemic fungicide is a combination of (i) a strobilurin fungicide selected from trifloxystrobin, picoxystrobin, azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin; and (ii) a conazole fungicide selected from prothioconazole, tebuconazole, cyproconazole, epoxiconazole, metconazole and tebuconazole. 14. The combination as claimed in claim 13, wherein:
(i) the strobilurin fungicide is trifloxystrobin and the conazole fungicide is prothioconazole; (ii) the strobilurin fungicide is picoxystrobin and the conazole fungicide is tebuconazole; (iii) the strobilurin fungicide is picoxystrobin and the conazole fungicide is cyproconazole; (iv) the strobilurin fungicide is azoxystrobin and the conazole fungicide is cyproconazole; (v) the strobilurin fungicide is pyraclostrobin and the conazole fungicide is epoxiconazole; or (vi) the strobilurin fungicide is pyraclostrobin and the conazole fungicide is tebuconazole; (vii) the strobilurin fungicide is pyraclostrobin and the conazole fungicide is metconazole; or (viii) the strobilurin fungicide is trifloxystrobin and the conazole fungicide is cyproconazole, propiconazole or tebuconazole. 15. A composition comprising:
a. at least one diamide insecticide; b. at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive; and c. at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient. 16. The composition of claim 15 further comprising:
a. at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient. 17. The composition as claimed in claim 15, wherein, the composition further comprises adjuvants, carriers, diluents, emulsifiers, fillers, anti-foaming agents, thickening agents, anti-freezing agents, or freezing agents. 18. The combination as claimed in claim 15, wherein the composition is a solid or liquid formulation. 19. A method of controlling fungal diseases, said method comprising applying to the locus a combination as claimed in claim 1. 20. A method of resistance management in crops comprising applying to said crop, a combination as claimed in claim 1. 21. A method of preventing resistance in fungi, said method comprising applying to the locus of the fungus a combination as claimed in claim 1. 22. A method of controlling insect pest, said method comprising applying to the locus of the insect pests—a combination as claimed in claim 1. 23. (canceled) | A combination comprising at least one diamide insecticide; and at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive, and a composition comprising the same1. A combination comprising:
a. at least one diamide insecticide; and b. at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive. 2. The combination as claimed in claim 1, wherein diamide insecticide is selected from broflanilide, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, cyclaniliprole, cyhalodiamide, flubendiamide and tetraniliprole. 3. The combination as claimed in claim 1, wherein the silicic acid based plant health promoting additive is selected from metasilicic acid (H2SiO3), orthosilicic acid (H4SiO4), disilicic acid (H2Si2O), and pyrosilicic acid (H6Si2O7). 4. The combination as claimed in claim 1, wherein the silicic acid plant health additive is orthosilicic acid. 5. A combination as claimed in claim 1, wherein said combination further comprises a multisite fungicide. 6. The combination as claimed in claim 5, wherein the multisite fungicide is selected from the group consisting of:
(a) copper fungicides selected from copper oxychloride, copper sulfate, copper hydroxide and tribasic copper sulfate (Bordeaux mixture); (b) elemental sulfur; (c) dithiocarbamate fungicides selected from amobam, asomate, azithiram, carbamorph, cufraneb, cuprobam, disulfiram, ferbam, metam, nabam, tecoram, thiram, urbacide, ziram, dazomet, etem, milneb, mancopper, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, polycarbamate, propineb and zineb; (d) phthalimide fungicides selected from folpet, captan and captafol; (e) chlorothalonil; (f) sulfamide fungicides selected from dichlofluanid and tolylfluanid; (g) guanidine fungicides selected from dodine, guazantine and iminoctaadine; (h) anilazine; (i) dithianon; and (j) combinations thereof; 7. A combination comprising chlorantraniliprole and stabilised orthosilicic acid. 8. The combination of claim 7, further comprising mancozeb. 9. The combination of claim 7 further comprising claims, comprising a first systemic fungicide. 10. The combination as claimed in claim 9, further comprising a second systemic fungicide. 11. The combination as claimed in claim 10,
wherein the first systemic fungicide is selected from a quinone outside inhibitor, a quinone inside inhibitor, a demethylation inhibitor and a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor; and the second systemic fungicide is selected from a quinone outside inhibitor, a quinone inside inhibitor, a demethylation inhibitor and a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor; such that (a) when the first systemic fungicide is a demethylation inhibitor, the second systemic fungicide is selected from a quinone outside inhibitor, a quinone inside inhibitor and a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor; or when (b) the first systemic fungicide is a quinone outside inhibitor, the second systemic fungicide is selected from a quinone inside inhibitor, a demethylation inhibitor and a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor; or when (c) the first systemic fungicide is a quinone inside inhibitor, the second systemic fungicide is selected from a quinone outside inhibitor, a demethylation inhibitor and a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor; or when (d) the first systemic fungicide is a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor, the second systemic fungicide is selected from a quinone outside inhibitor, a quinone inside inhibitor and a demethylation inhibitor; or (e) when the multi-site contact fungicide is a combination of mancozeb and chlorothalonil, the systemic fungicide is at least one of a quinone outside inhibitor, a quinone inside inhibitor, a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor and a demethylation inhibitor. 12. The combination as claimed in claim 11, wherein the demethylation inhibitor is selected from triflumizole, triforine, pyridinitrile, pyrifenox, fenarimol, nuarimol, triarimol and a conazole fungicide selected from the group consisting of climbazole, clotrimazole, imazalil, oxpoconazole, prochloraz, prochloraz-manganese, triflumizole, azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, diclobutrazol, difenoconazole, diniconazole, diniconazole-M, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluotrimazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, furconazole, furconazole-cis, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, ipconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, pencoconazole, propiconazole, prothioconazole, quinconazole, simeconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, triadimefon, triadimenol, triticonazole, uniconazole, perfurazoate and uniconazole-P;
the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of benodanil, flutolanil, mepronil, fluopyram, fenfuram, carboxin, oxycarboxin, thifluzamide, bixafen, fluxapyroxad, furametpyr, isopyrazam, penflufen, penthiopyrad, sedaxane and boscalid; the quinone outside inhibitor is selected from fenamidone, famoxadone, and a strobilurin fungicide selected from the group consisting of azoxystrobin, mandestrobin, coumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, flufenoxystrobin, pyraoxystrobin, dimoxystrobin, enestrobin, fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl, metominostrobin, orysastrobin, picoxystrobin, pyrametostrobin, triclopyricarb, fenaminstrobin, pyraclostrobin and trifloxystrobin; and the quinone inside inhibitor is selected from cyazofamid and amisulbrom. 13. The combination as claimed in claim 12, wherein the systemic fungicide is a combination of (i) a strobilurin fungicide selected from trifloxystrobin, picoxystrobin, azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin; and (ii) a conazole fungicide selected from prothioconazole, tebuconazole, cyproconazole, epoxiconazole, metconazole and tebuconazole. 14. The combination as claimed in claim 13, wherein:
(i) the strobilurin fungicide is trifloxystrobin and the conazole fungicide is prothioconazole; (ii) the strobilurin fungicide is picoxystrobin and the conazole fungicide is tebuconazole; (iii) the strobilurin fungicide is picoxystrobin and the conazole fungicide is cyproconazole; (iv) the strobilurin fungicide is azoxystrobin and the conazole fungicide is cyproconazole; (v) the strobilurin fungicide is pyraclostrobin and the conazole fungicide is epoxiconazole; or (vi) the strobilurin fungicide is pyraclostrobin and the conazole fungicide is tebuconazole; (vii) the strobilurin fungicide is pyraclostrobin and the conazole fungicide is metconazole; or (viii) the strobilurin fungicide is trifloxystrobin and the conazole fungicide is cyproconazole, propiconazole or tebuconazole. 15. A composition comprising:
a. at least one diamide insecticide; b. at least a silicic acid based plant health promoting additive; and c. at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient. 16. The composition of claim 15 further comprising:
a. at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient. 17. The composition as claimed in claim 15, wherein, the composition further comprises adjuvants, carriers, diluents, emulsifiers, fillers, anti-foaming agents, thickening agents, anti-freezing agents, or freezing agents. 18. The combination as claimed in claim 15, wherein the composition is a solid or liquid formulation. 19. A method of controlling fungal diseases, said method comprising applying to the locus a combination as claimed in claim 1. 20. A method of resistance management in crops comprising applying to said crop, a combination as claimed in claim 1. 21. A method of preventing resistance in fungi, said method comprising applying to the locus of the fungus a combination as claimed in claim 1. 22. A method of controlling insect pest, said method comprising applying to the locus of the insect pests—a combination as claimed in claim 1. 23. (canceled) | 2,600 |
342,730 | 16,642,455 | 2,652 | Picture processing methods and apparatuses in an image or video encoding or decoding system for processing a picture partitioned into multiple non-overlapped Coding Tree Units (CTUs). Input data of a current CTU is received and split into one or more CUs. A CU entirely inside picture boundaries is split by a splitting type selected from a first set of splitting types, and a CU not entirely inside the picture boundaries is split by a splitting type selected from a second set of splitting types. The second set of splitting type comprises at least two different splitting types to provide flexibility for each out-of-bounds CU to select a splitting type. The current CTU is encoded or decoded when it is partitioned into leaf CUs for prediction and transform processing. | 1. A picture processing method in an image or video coding system, comprising:
receiving input data associated with a current Coding Tree Unit (CTU) in a current picture, wherein the current picture is partitioned into multiple non-overlapped CTU; splitting the current CTU into one or more non-overlapped Coding Units (CUs), and determining whether each CU in the current CTU is entirely inside boundaries of the current picture, wherein a CU entirely inside the boundaries of the current picture is an in-bounds CU and a CU not entirely inside the boundaries of the current picture is an out-of-bounds CU; if the current CTU contains at least one in-bounds CU, determining whether to further split each in-bounds CU in the current CTU, and splitting the in-bounds CU by a splitting type selected from a first set of splitting types associated with a recursive partitioning structure if the in-bound CU is further split, wherein the in-bounds CU is a leaf CU if not further split; if the current CTU contains at least one out-of-bounds CU, recursively splitting each out-of-bounds CU in the current CTU into leaf CUs, wherein a splitting type is selected from a second set of splitting types to partition each out-of-bounds CU, and the second set of splitting types comprise at least two different splitting types; and encoding or decoding the current CTU by individually processing each leaf CU in the current CTU for prediction and transform processing. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein information indicating whether to split each out-of-bounds CU in the current CTU is inferred without explicitly signaling. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein information indicating which splitting type is selected for splitting each out-of-bounds CU in the current CTU is inferred without explicitly signaling. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the second set of splitting types comprises at least two one-dimensional (1-D) splitting types, the 1-D splitting types include a horizontal splitting type and a vertical splitting type, the horizontal splitting type divides a large block into smaller blocks with reduced block height and same block width and the vertical splitting type divides a large block into smaller blocks with same block height and reduced block width. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the second set of splitting types further comprises at least one two-dimensional (2-D) splitting type that divides a large block into smaller blocks with reduced block height and reduced block width. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein one of the 1-D splitting types is selected for splitting an out-of-bounds CU if the out-of-bounds CU crosses only one boundary of the current picture, an out-of-bounds CU is split by the horizontal splitting type if the out-of-bounds CU crosses a bottom boundary of the current picture, and an out-of-bounds CU is split by the vertical splitting type if the out-of-bounds CU crosses a right boundary of the current picture. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the 2-D splitting type is selected for splitting an out-of-bounds CU if the out-of-bounds CU crosses both bottom and right boundaries of the current picture. 8. The method of claim 5, wherein the recursive partitioning structure is QuadTree plus Binary Tree (QTBT) structure splitting the current CTU using recursive quadtree splitting followed by recursive binary-tree splitting, and the horizontal splitting type is binary-tree horizontal symmetrical splitting, the vertical splitting type is binary-tree vertical symmetrical splitting, and the 2-D splitting type is quadtree splitting. 9. The method of claim 5, wherein the recursive partitioning structure is a Multi-Type-Tree (MTT) structure splitting the current CTU using recursive quadtree splitting followed by recursive binary-tree splitting or triple-tree splitting, and both the first and second sets of splitting types include quadtree splitting, binary-tree horizontal symmetrical splitting, binary-tree vertical symmetrical splitting, horizontal center-side triple-tree splitting, and vertical center-side triple-tree splitting. 10. The method of claim 5, wherein the recursive partitioning structure is a Multi-Type-Tree (MTT) structure splitting the current CTU using recursive quadtree splitting followed by recursive binary-tree splitting or triple-tree splitting, and the second set of splitting types only includes quadtree splitting, binary-tree horizontal symmetrical splitting, and binary-tree vertical symmetrical splitting. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the second set of splitting types comprises a 2-D splitting type and at least one 1-D splitting type, an out-of-bounds CU is inferred to be split using a 1-D splitting type when the 2-D splitting type is disabled, and an out-of-bounds CU is inferred to be split using the 2-D splitting type when the at least one 1-D splitting type is disabled. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one 1-D splitting type is disabled for splitting an out-of-bounds CU when a spatial dimension of the out-of-bounds CU is greater than a first threshold. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the 2-D splitting type is quadtree splitting and the at least one 1-D splitting type is binary-tree splitting, the 2-D splitting type is disabled for splitting an out-of-bounds CU when a spatial dimension of the out-of-bounds CU is less than a second threshold, and the second threshold is two times the first threshold. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein the recursive partitioning structure is a QuadTree plus Binary Tree (QTBT) structure or a Multi-Type-Tree (MTT) structure, the 2-D splitting type is disabled for splitting an out-of-bounds CU when a spatial dimension of the out-of-bounds CU is less than a second threshold, wherein the first threshold is set equal to or derived from a maximum allowed binary-tree or triple-tree root node size, and the second threshold is set equal to or derived from a minimum allowed quadtree leaf node size. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the 2-D splitting type is disabled for splitting an out-of-bounds CU when a spatial dimension of the out-of-bounds CU is less than a second threshold and the out-of-bounds CU is not located at a bottom-right corner of the current picture. 16. The method of claim 11, wherein the 2-D splitting type is disabled for splitting an out-of-bounds CU when a spatial dimension of the out-of-bounds CU is less than a second threshold or the 2-D splitting type is disabled for splitting an out-of bounds CU divided from a parent CU using the 1-D splitting type. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein a flag is signaled to indicate an out-of-bounds CU is partitioned by the 1-D splitting type or the 2-D splitting type when the out-of-bounds CU crosses only one boundary of the current picture and both the 1-D splitting type and the 2-D splitting type are enabled for splitting the out-of-bounds CU. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein a splitting direction for an out-of-bounds CU is inferred when the flag indicates the out-of-bounds CU is partitioned by the 1-D splitting type, wherein the out-of-bounds CU is split with a horizontal splitting direction if the out-of bounds CU crosses a bottom boundary of the current picture or the out-of-bounds CU is split with a vertical splitting direction if the out-of-bounds CU crosses a right boundary of the current picture. 19. The method of claim 1, wherein recursively splitting each out-of-bounds CU in the current CTU into leaf CUs comprises determining whether each child CU split from the out-of-bounds CU is an in-bounds CU or an out-of-bounds CU, and further splitting each out-of-bounds CU using a splitting type selected from the second set of splitting types until all child CUs are in-bounds CUs. 20. The method of claim 1, wherein a maximum allowed binary-tree depth for dividing in-bounds CUs split from an out-of-bounds CTU is set to be larger than a maximum allowed binary-tree depth for dividing in-bounds CUs split from an in-bounds CTU. 21. The method of claim 1, wherein a maximum allowed binary-tree depth for dividing in-bounds CUs split from an out-of-bounds CTU is set equal to a maximum allowed binary-tree depth for dividing in-bounds CUs split from an in-bounds CTU. 22. An apparatus of processing pictures in an image or video coding system, the apparatus comprising one or more electronic circuits configured for:
receiving input data associated with a current Coding Tree Unit (CTU) in a current picture, wherein the current picture is partitioned into multiple non-overlapped CTU; splitting the current CTU into one or more non-overlapped Coding Units (CUs), and determining whether each CU in the current CTU is entirely inside boundaries of the current picture, wherein a CU entirely inside the boundaries of the current picture is an in-bounds CU and a CU not entirely inside the boundaries of the current picture is an out-of-bounds CU; if the current CTU contains at least one in-bounds CU, determining whether to further split each in-bounds CU in the current CTU, and splitting the in-bounds CU by a splitting type selected from a first set of splitting types associated with a recursive partitioning structure if the in-bound CU is further split, wherein the in-bounds CU is a leaf CU if not further split; if the current CTU contains at least one out-of-bounds CU, recursively splitting each out-of-bounds CU in the current CTU into leaf CUs, wherein a splitting type is selected from a second set of splitting types to partition each out-of-bounds CU, and the second set of splitting types comprise at least two different splitting types; and encoding or decoding the current CTU by individually processing each leaf CU in the current CTU for prediction and transform processing. 23. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing program instruction causing a processing circuit of an apparatus to perform image processing method, and the method comprising:
receiving input data associated with a current Coding Tree Unit (CTU) in a current picture, wherein the current picture is partitioned into multiple non-overlapped CTU; splitting the current CTU into one or more non-overlapped Coding Units (CUs), and determining whether each CU in the current CTU is entirely inside boundaries of the current picture, wherein a CU entirely inside the boundaries of the current picture is an in-bounds CU and a CU not entirely inside the boundaries of the current picture is an out-of-bounds CU; if the current CTU contains at least one in-bounds CU, determining whether to further split each in-bounds CU in the current CTU, and splitting the in-bounds CU by a splitting type selected from a first set of splitting types associated with a recursive partitioning structure if the in-bound CU is further split, wherein the in-bounds CU is a leaf CU if not further split; if the current CTU contains at least one out-of-bounds CU, recursively splitting each out-of-bounds CU in the current CTU into leaf CUs, wherein a splitting type is selected from a second set of splitting types to partition each out-of-bounds CU, and the second set of splitting types comprise at least two different splitting types; and encoding or decoding the current CTU by individually processing each leaf CU in the current CTU for prediction and transform processing. | Picture processing methods and apparatuses in an image or video encoding or decoding system for processing a picture partitioned into multiple non-overlapped Coding Tree Units (CTUs). Input data of a current CTU is received and split into one or more CUs. A CU entirely inside picture boundaries is split by a splitting type selected from a first set of splitting types, and a CU not entirely inside the picture boundaries is split by a splitting type selected from a second set of splitting types. The second set of splitting type comprises at least two different splitting types to provide flexibility for each out-of-bounds CU to select a splitting type. The current CTU is encoded or decoded when it is partitioned into leaf CUs for prediction and transform processing.1. A picture processing method in an image or video coding system, comprising:
receiving input data associated with a current Coding Tree Unit (CTU) in a current picture, wherein the current picture is partitioned into multiple non-overlapped CTU; splitting the current CTU into one or more non-overlapped Coding Units (CUs), and determining whether each CU in the current CTU is entirely inside boundaries of the current picture, wherein a CU entirely inside the boundaries of the current picture is an in-bounds CU and a CU not entirely inside the boundaries of the current picture is an out-of-bounds CU; if the current CTU contains at least one in-bounds CU, determining whether to further split each in-bounds CU in the current CTU, and splitting the in-bounds CU by a splitting type selected from a first set of splitting types associated with a recursive partitioning structure if the in-bound CU is further split, wherein the in-bounds CU is a leaf CU if not further split; if the current CTU contains at least one out-of-bounds CU, recursively splitting each out-of-bounds CU in the current CTU into leaf CUs, wherein a splitting type is selected from a second set of splitting types to partition each out-of-bounds CU, and the second set of splitting types comprise at least two different splitting types; and encoding or decoding the current CTU by individually processing each leaf CU in the current CTU for prediction and transform processing. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein information indicating whether to split each out-of-bounds CU in the current CTU is inferred without explicitly signaling. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein information indicating which splitting type is selected for splitting each out-of-bounds CU in the current CTU is inferred without explicitly signaling. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the second set of splitting types comprises at least two one-dimensional (1-D) splitting types, the 1-D splitting types include a horizontal splitting type and a vertical splitting type, the horizontal splitting type divides a large block into smaller blocks with reduced block height and same block width and the vertical splitting type divides a large block into smaller blocks with same block height and reduced block width. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the second set of splitting types further comprises at least one two-dimensional (2-D) splitting type that divides a large block into smaller blocks with reduced block height and reduced block width. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein one of the 1-D splitting types is selected for splitting an out-of-bounds CU if the out-of-bounds CU crosses only one boundary of the current picture, an out-of-bounds CU is split by the horizontal splitting type if the out-of-bounds CU crosses a bottom boundary of the current picture, and an out-of-bounds CU is split by the vertical splitting type if the out-of-bounds CU crosses a right boundary of the current picture. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the 2-D splitting type is selected for splitting an out-of-bounds CU if the out-of-bounds CU crosses both bottom and right boundaries of the current picture. 8. The method of claim 5, wherein the recursive partitioning structure is QuadTree plus Binary Tree (QTBT) structure splitting the current CTU using recursive quadtree splitting followed by recursive binary-tree splitting, and the horizontal splitting type is binary-tree horizontal symmetrical splitting, the vertical splitting type is binary-tree vertical symmetrical splitting, and the 2-D splitting type is quadtree splitting. 9. The method of claim 5, wherein the recursive partitioning structure is a Multi-Type-Tree (MTT) structure splitting the current CTU using recursive quadtree splitting followed by recursive binary-tree splitting or triple-tree splitting, and both the first and second sets of splitting types include quadtree splitting, binary-tree horizontal symmetrical splitting, binary-tree vertical symmetrical splitting, horizontal center-side triple-tree splitting, and vertical center-side triple-tree splitting. 10. The method of claim 5, wherein the recursive partitioning structure is a Multi-Type-Tree (MTT) structure splitting the current CTU using recursive quadtree splitting followed by recursive binary-tree splitting or triple-tree splitting, and the second set of splitting types only includes quadtree splitting, binary-tree horizontal symmetrical splitting, and binary-tree vertical symmetrical splitting. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the second set of splitting types comprises a 2-D splitting type and at least one 1-D splitting type, an out-of-bounds CU is inferred to be split using a 1-D splitting type when the 2-D splitting type is disabled, and an out-of-bounds CU is inferred to be split using the 2-D splitting type when the at least one 1-D splitting type is disabled. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one 1-D splitting type is disabled for splitting an out-of-bounds CU when a spatial dimension of the out-of-bounds CU is greater than a first threshold. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the 2-D splitting type is quadtree splitting and the at least one 1-D splitting type is binary-tree splitting, the 2-D splitting type is disabled for splitting an out-of-bounds CU when a spatial dimension of the out-of-bounds CU is less than a second threshold, and the second threshold is two times the first threshold. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein the recursive partitioning structure is a QuadTree plus Binary Tree (QTBT) structure or a Multi-Type-Tree (MTT) structure, the 2-D splitting type is disabled for splitting an out-of-bounds CU when a spatial dimension of the out-of-bounds CU is less than a second threshold, wherein the first threshold is set equal to or derived from a maximum allowed binary-tree or triple-tree root node size, and the second threshold is set equal to or derived from a minimum allowed quadtree leaf node size. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein the 2-D splitting type is disabled for splitting an out-of-bounds CU when a spatial dimension of the out-of-bounds CU is less than a second threshold and the out-of-bounds CU is not located at a bottom-right corner of the current picture. 16. The method of claim 11, wherein the 2-D splitting type is disabled for splitting an out-of-bounds CU when a spatial dimension of the out-of-bounds CU is less than a second threshold or the 2-D splitting type is disabled for splitting an out-of bounds CU divided from a parent CU using the 1-D splitting type. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein a flag is signaled to indicate an out-of-bounds CU is partitioned by the 1-D splitting type or the 2-D splitting type when the out-of-bounds CU crosses only one boundary of the current picture and both the 1-D splitting type and the 2-D splitting type are enabled for splitting the out-of-bounds CU. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein a splitting direction for an out-of-bounds CU is inferred when the flag indicates the out-of-bounds CU is partitioned by the 1-D splitting type, wherein the out-of-bounds CU is split with a horizontal splitting direction if the out-of bounds CU crosses a bottom boundary of the current picture or the out-of-bounds CU is split with a vertical splitting direction if the out-of-bounds CU crosses a right boundary of the current picture. 19. The method of claim 1, wherein recursively splitting each out-of-bounds CU in the current CTU into leaf CUs comprises determining whether each child CU split from the out-of-bounds CU is an in-bounds CU or an out-of-bounds CU, and further splitting each out-of-bounds CU using a splitting type selected from the second set of splitting types until all child CUs are in-bounds CUs. 20. The method of claim 1, wherein a maximum allowed binary-tree depth for dividing in-bounds CUs split from an out-of-bounds CTU is set to be larger than a maximum allowed binary-tree depth for dividing in-bounds CUs split from an in-bounds CTU. 21. The method of claim 1, wherein a maximum allowed binary-tree depth for dividing in-bounds CUs split from an out-of-bounds CTU is set equal to a maximum allowed binary-tree depth for dividing in-bounds CUs split from an in-bounds CTU. 22. An apparatus of processing pictures in an image or video coding system, the apparatus comprising one or more electronic circuits configured for:
receiving input data associated with a current Coding Tree Unit (CTU) in a current picture, wherein the current picture is partitioned into multiple non-overlapped CTU; splitting the current CTU into one or more non-overlapped Coding Units (CUs), and determining whether each CU in the current CTU is entirely inside boundaries of the current picture, wherein a CU entirely inside the boundaries of the current picture is an in-bounds CU and a CU not entirely inside the boundaries of the current picture is an out-of-bounds CU; if the current CTU contains at least one in-bounds CU, determining whether to further split each in-bounds CU in the current CTU, and splitting the in-bounds CU by a splitting type selected from a first set of splitting types associated with a recursive partitioning structure if the in-bound CU is further split, wherein the in-bounds CU is a leaf CU if not further split; if the current CTU contains at least one out-of-bounds CU, recursively splitting each out-of-bounds CU in the current CTU into leaf CUs, wherein a splitting type is selected from a second set of splitting types to partition each out-of-bounds CU, and the second set of splitting types comprise at least two different splitting types; and encoding or decoding the current CTU by individually processing each leaf CU in the current CTU for prediction and transform processing. 23. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing program instruction causing a processing circuit of an apparatus to perform image processing method, and the method comprising:
receiving input data associated with a current Coding Tree Unit (CTU) in a current picture, wherein the current picture is partitioned into multiple non-overlapped CTU; splitting the current CTU into one or more non-overlapped Coding Units (CUs), and determining whether each CU in the current CTU is entirely inside boundaries of the current picture, wherein a CU entirely inside the boundaries of the current picture is an in-bounds CU and a CU not entirely inside the boundaries of the current picture is an out-of-bounds CU; if the current CTU contains at least one in-bounds CU, determining whether to further split each in-bounds CU in the current CTU, and splitting the in-bounds CU by a splitting type selected from a first set of splitting types associated with a recursive partitioning structure if the in-bound CU is further split, wherein the in-bounds CU is a leaf CU if not further split; if the current CTU contains at least one out-of-bounds CU, recursively splitting each out-of-bounds CU in the current CTU into leaf CUs, wherein a splitting type is selected from a second set of splitting types to partition each out-of-bounds CU, and the second set of splitting types comprise at least two different splitting types; and encoding or decoding the current CTU by individually processing each leaf CU in the current CTU for prediction and transform processing. | 2,600 |
342,731 | 16,642,445 | 2,652 | The present invention relates to novel alpha5 subunit-selective negative allosteric modulators of GABAA receptors that have been deuterated to improve their medicinal properties by prolonging their half-lives, rendering them useful as fast-acting pharmaceutical treatments for depression related disorders. | 1. A deuterated GABAA5-NAM compound according to Formula I: 2. A GABAA5-NAM compound selected from the group consisting of:
a. ethyl (S)-7-methoxy-9-oxo-11,12,13,13a-tetrahydro-9H-benzo[e]imidazo[5,1-c]pyrrolo[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-1-carboxylate (L-655,708); b. 3-bromo-10-(difluoromethyl)-9H-benzo[f]imidazo[1,5-a][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-d][1,4]diazepine (RO4938581); c. N-benzyl-6-ethoxy-4-oxo-1H-1,5-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide (CP-457,920); d. 3-tert-Butyl-7-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)-2-(1-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ylmethoxy)pyrazolo(1,5-d)(1,2,4)triazine (MRK-016); and e. (1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)(6-((3-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazol-4-yl)methoxy)pyridin-3-yl)methanone (RG-1662); 3. A compound selected from the group consisting of
a. (3-(4-fluophenyl)-5-(methyl-d3)isoxazol-4yl)methanol; b. 6-((3-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(methyl-d3)isoxazol-4yl-methoxy)nicotinonitrile; and c. 6-((3-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(methyl-d3)isoxazol-4-yl)methoxy)nicotinic acid. 4. The deuterated GABAA5-NAM compound of claim 1 according to Formula II 5. A deuterated Basmisanil compound of claim 1 which is synthesized by:
(a) treating (3-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazol-4-yl)methanol with a base or under basic conditions in the presence of a deuterium donor or followed by a deuterium donor;
(b) adding the product of step (a) to 6-chloronicotinonitrile or methyl 6-chloronicotinate;
(c) hydrolyzing the product of step (b) to the carboxylic acid; and
(d) amide coupling the product of step (c) with thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide or a salt there. 6. The compound of claim 4 wherein the deuterium donor is D2O or CD3OD. 7. A method of forming a deuterated RG-1662 compound comprising treating a compound selected from the group consisting of 8. The method of claim 7 wherein the deuterium-containing solvent is D2O. 9. A deuterated GABAA5-NAM compound of claim 1 which has a longer biological half-life when administered to a mammal than a non-deuterated compound of the same structure. 10. A method of treating a depression-related disorder in a human subject in need thereof, comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of the deuterated GABAA5-NAM compound of claim 1 or claim 4 to the subject. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the deuterated GABAA5-NAM compound is administered orally, intradermally, intramuscularly, intraperitoneally, intravenously, via insufflation, or in a dermal patch. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein the deuterated GABAA5-NAM compound is administered to the subject every 0.5, 1, 2, 3 or 4 days. 13. The method of claim 10, wherein the deuterated GABAA5-NAM compound is administered to the subject in combination with one or more additional therapies for the treatment or amelioration of depression. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the one or more additional therapies comprises administration of an antidepressant drug selected from the group consisting of a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, a triple reuptake inhibitor, a modulator of CNS acetylcholine function, a stimulant, an anti-glucocorticoids, an NMDA-type glutamate receptor antagonist, a tricylic antidepressants, and any combination thereof. 15. The method of claim 10, wherein the depression-related disorder is selected from the group consisting of general depression, major depressive disorder (clinical depression), dysthymia, suicidality, unipolar depression, bipolar depression, psychotic depression, atypical depression, seasonal affective disorder, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, endogenous depression, catatonic depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, postpartum depression, depression arising from illness or injury, depression arising from drugs or alcohol, treatment-resistant depression, and any combination thereof. Other disorders and conditions included in the definition of depression-related disorders are those in with these symptoms occur as a secondary consequence of some other primary medical condition, such as a tumor, trauma, substance abuse disorder, alcoholism. 16. The method of claim 10, wherein the deuterated GABAA5-NAM compound is selected from the group consisting of (3-(4-fluophenyl)-5-(methyl-d3)isoxazol-4yl)methanol; 6-((3-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(methyl-d3)isoxazol-4yl-methoxy)nicotinonitrile; 6-((3-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(methyl-d3)isoxazol-4-yl)methoxy)nicotinic acid; and (1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)(6-((3-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(methyl-d3)isoxazol-4-yl)methoxy)pyridine-3-yl)methadone. 17. The method of claim 10, wherein the subject is a human. | The present invention relates to novel alpha5 subunit-selective negative allosteric modulators of GABAA receptors that have been deuterated to improve their medicinal properties by prolonging their half-lives, rendering them useful as fast-acting pharmaceutical treatments for depression related disorders.1. A deuterated GABAA5-NAM compound according to Formula I: 2. A GABAA5-NAM compound selected from the group consisting of:
a. ethyl (S)-7-methoxy-9-oxo-11,12,13,13a-tetrahydro-9H-benzo[e]imidazo[5,1-c]pyrrolo[1,2-a][1,4]diazepine-1-carboxylate (L-655,708); b. 3-bromo-10-(difluoromethyl)-9H-benzo[f]imidazo[1,5-a][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-d][1,4]diazepine (RO4938581); c. N-benzyl-6-ethoxy-4-oxo-1H-1,5-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide (CP-457,920); d. 3-tert-Butyl-7-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)-2-(1-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ylmethoxy)pyrazolo(1,5-d)(1,2,4)triazine (MRK-016); and e. (1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)(6-((3-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazol-4-yl)methoxy)pyridin-3-yl)methanone (RG-1662); 3. A compound selected from the group consisting of
a. (3-(4-fluophenyl)-5-(methyl-d3)isoxazol-4yl)methanol; b. 6-((3-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(methyl-d3)isoxazol-4yl-methoxy)nicotinonitrile; and c. 6-((3-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(methyl-d3)isoxazol-4-yl)methoxy)nicotinic acid. 4. The deuterated GABAA5-NAM compound of claim 1 according to Formula II 5. A deuterated Basmisanil compound of claim 1 which is synthesized by:
(a) treating (3-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazol-4-yl)methanol with a base or under basic conditions in the presence of a deuterium donor or followed by a deuterium donor;
(b) adding the product of step (a) to 6-chloronicotinonitrile or methyl 6-chloronicotinate;
(c) hydrolyzing the product of step (b) to the carboxylic acid; and
(d) amide coupling the product of step (c) with thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide or a salt there. 6. The compound of claim 4 wherein the deuterium donor is D2O or CD3OD. 7. A method of forming a deuterated RG-1662 compound comprising treating a compound selected from the group consisting of 8. The method of claim 7 wherein the deuterium-containing solvent is D2O. 9. A deuterated GABAA5-NAM compound of claim 1 which has a longer biological half-life when administered to a mammal than a non-deuterated compound of the same structure. 10. A method of treating a depression-related disorder in a human subject in need thereof, comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of the deuterated GABAA5-NAM compound of claim 1 or claim 4 to the subject. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the deuterated GABAA5-NAM compound is administered orally, intradermally, intramuscularly, intraperitoneally, intravenously, via insufflation, or in a dermal patch. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein the deuterated GABAA5-NAM compound is administered to the subject every 0.5, 1, 2, 3 or 4 days. 13. The method of claim 10, wherein the deuterated GABAA5-NAM compound is administered to the subject in combination with one or more additional therapies for the treatment or amelioration of depression. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the one or more additional therapies comprises administration of an antidepressant drug selected from the group consisting of a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, a triple reuptake inhibitor, a modulator of CNS acetylcholine function, a stimulant, an anti-glucocorticoids, an NMDA-type glutamate receptor antagonist, a tricylic antidepressants, and any combination thereof. 15. The method of claim 10, wherein the depression-related disorder is selected from the group consisting of general depression, major depressive disorder (clinical depression), dysthymia, suicidality, unipolar depression, bipolar depression, psychotic depression, atypical depression, seasonal affective disorder, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, endogenous depression, catatonic depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, postpartum depression, depression arising from illness or injury, depression arising from drugs or alcohol, treatment-resistant depression, and any combination thereof. Other disorders and conditions included in the definition of depression-related disorders are those in with these symptoms occur as a secondary consequence of some other primary medical condition, such as a tumor, trauma, substance abuse disorder, alcoholism. 16. The method of claim 10, wherein the deuterated GABAA5-NAM compound is selected from the group consisting of (3-(4-fluophenyl)-5-(methyl-d3)isoxazol-4yl)methanol; 6-((3-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(methyl-d3)isoxazol-4yl-methoxy)nicotinonitrile; 6-((3-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(methyl-d3)isoxazol-4-yl)methoxy)nicotinic acid; and (1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)(6-((3-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(methyl-d3)isoxazol-4-yl)methoxy)pyridine-3-yl)methadone. 17. The method of claim 10, wherein the subject is a human. | 2,600 |
342,732 | 16,642,432 | 2,652 | Ultrafine bubbles with a diameter of less than 1.0 μm are generated in liquid by causing film boiling in liquid by means of a heater. | 1. An ultrafine bubble generating method, comprising generating ultrafine bubbles by causing film boiling in liquid. 2. An ultrafine bubble generating method, comprising generating ultrafine bubbles in liquid by increasing a temperature of a surface of a heating portion provided inside the liquid to 300° C. or more and generating bubbles on the surface of the heating portion. 3. The ultrafine bubble generating method according to claim 1, wherein a heating portion in contact with the liquid is provided, the film boiling is caused by heating the heating portion, and bubbles are generated on a surface of the heating portion. 4. The ultrafine bubble generating method according to claim 1, wherein the film boiling is caused intermittently. 5. The ultrafine bubble generating method according to claim 1, wherein the ultrafine bubbles are generated from gas dissolved in the liquid. 6. The ultrafine bubble generating method according to claim 2, wherein the liquid contacts the heating portion in a shrinkage step after a growth process of the bubbles. 7. The ultrafine bubble generating method according to claim 1, comprising a step of injecting gas into the liquid. 8. The ultrafine bubble generating method according to claim 2, comprising a step of ejecting the liquid from an ejection opening by using energy of the bubbles generated on the surface of the heating portion. 9. The ultrafine bubble generating method according to claim 2, wherein a period during which the liquid is heated by the heating portion is 100 μsec or less. 10. The ultrafine bubble generating method according to claim 2, wherein an area of a surface of the heating portion in contact with the liquid is 25.0 mm2 or less. 11. An ultrafine bubble-containing liquid manufacturing apparatus, comprising:
a storage unit configured to store liquid in a position including a predetermined region; and a heating unit configured to generate ultrafine bubbles in the liquid by heating the liquid in the predetermined region and causing film boiling. 12. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid manufacturing apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the heating unit includes a heating resistance portion. 13. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid manufacturing apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising a control unit configured to heat the heating unit intermittently to cause the film boiling intermittently. 14. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid manufacturing apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising a channel in which the liquid flows through the predetermined region. 15. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid manufacturing apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising a circulation channel configured to circulate the liquid through the predetermined region. 16. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid manufacturing apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising:
a pressure chamber including at least part of the predetermined region; a supply channel for supplying the liquid to the pressure chamber; and an ejection opening communicating with the pressure chamber, wherein the liquid inside the pressure chamber is ejected from the ejection opening by energy of bubbles generated by the film boiling in the liquid. 17. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid manufacturing apparatus according to claim 16, further comprising a collection unit configured to collect the liquid ejected from the ejection opening. 18. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid manufacturing apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising an injection unit configured to inject gas into the liquid. 19. (canceled) 20. An ultrafine bubble-containing liquid, wherein a number of ultrafine bubbles contained in the liquid is 2.0 billion or more per ml. 21. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid according to claim 20, wherein 50% or more of the ultrafine bubbles contained in the liquid have a diameter ranging from 10 nm to 400 nm. 22. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid according to claim 20, wherein the number ultrafine bubbles is reduced by 50% or less after a week. 23. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid according to claim 20, wherein the ultrafine bubbles including gas therein are contained in the liquid and the gas is thus contained in an amount equal to or greater than a saturation solubility of the gas dissolved in the liquid under atmospheric pressure. 24. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid according to claim 20, wherein the liquid includes water as a main ingredient. 25. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid according to claim 20, wherein the liquid includes an organic solvent. 26. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid according to claim 20, wherein the liquid includes a chlorine compound. 27. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid according to claim 20, wherein the liquid includes an electrolyte ion. 28. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid according to claim 20, wherein the ultrafine bubbles include therein a gas selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, helium, oxygen, nitrogen, methane, fluorine, neon, carbon dioxide, ozone, argon, chlorine, ethane, propane, air, and gaseous mixtures thereof. 29-31. (canceled) | Ultrafine bubbles with a diameter of less than 1.0 μm are generated in liquid by causing film boiling in liquid by means of a heater.1. An ultrafine bubble generating method, comprising generating ultrafine bubbles by causing film boiling in liquid. 2. An ultrafine bubble generating method, comprising generating ultrafine bubbles in liquid by increasing a temperature of a surface of a heating portion provided inside the liquid to 300° C. or more and generating bubbles on the surface of the heating portion. 3. The ultrafine bubble generating method according to claim 1, wherein a heating portion in contact with the liquid is provided, the film boiling is caused by heating the heating portion, and bubbles are generated on a surface of the heating portion. 4. The ultrafine bubble generating method according to claim 1, wherein the film boiling is caused intermittently. 5. The ultrafine bubble generating method according to claim 1, wherein the ultrafine bubbles are generated from gas dissolved in the liquid. 6. The ultrafine bubble generating method according to claim 2, wherein the liquid contacts the heating portion in a shrinkage step after a growth process of the bubbles. 7. The ultrafine bubble generating method according to claim 1, comprising a step of injecting gas into the liquid. 8. The ultrafine bubble generating method according to claim 2, comprising a step of ejecting the liquid from an ejection opening by using energy of the bubbles generated on the surface of the heating portion. 9. The ultrafine bubble generating method according to claim 2, wherein a period during which the liquid is heated by the heating portion is 100 μsec or less. 10. The ultrafine bubble generating method according to claim 2, wherein an area of a surface of the heating portion in contact with the liquid is 25.0 mm2 or less. 11. An ultrafine bubble-containing liquid manufacturing apparatus, comprising:
a storage unit configured to store liquid in a position including a predetermined region; and a heating unit configured to generate ultrafine bubbles in the liquid by heating the liquid in the predetermined region and causing film boiling. 12. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid manufacturing apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the heating unit includes a heating resistance portion. 13. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid manufacturing apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising a control unit configured to heat the heating unit intermittently to cause the film boiling intermittently. 14. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid manufacturing apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising a channel in which the liquid flows through the predetermined region. 15. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid manufacturing apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising a circulation channel configured to circulate the liquid through the predetermined region. 16. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid manufacturing apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising:
a pressure chamber including at least part of the predetermined region; a supply channel for supplying the liquid to the pressure chamber; and an ejection opening communicating with the pressure chamber, wherein the liquid inside the pressure chamber is ejected from the ejection opening by energy of bubbles generated by the film boiling in the liquid. 17. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid manufacturing apparatus according to claim 16, further comprising a collection unit configured to collect the liquid ejected from the ejection opening. 18. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid manufacturing apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising an injection unit configured to inject gas into the liquid. 19. (canceled) 20. An ultrafine bubble-containing liquid, wherein a number of ultrafine bubbles contained in the liquid is 2.0 billion or more per ml. 21. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid according to claim 20, wherein 50% or more of the ultrafine bubbles contained in the liquid have a diameter ranging from 10 nm to 400 nm. 22. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid according to claim 20, wherein the number ultrafine bubbles is reduced by 50% or less after a week. 23. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid according to claim 20, wherein the ultrafine bubbles including gas therein are contained in the liquid and the gas is thus contained in an amount equal to or greater than a saturation solubility of the gas dissolved in the liquid under atmospheric pressure. 24. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid according to claim 20, wherein the liquid includes water as a main ingredient. 25. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid according to claim 20, wherein the liquid includes an organic solvent. 26. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid according to claim 20, wherein the liquid includes a chlorine compound. 27. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid according to claim 20, wherein the liquid includes an electrolyte ion. 28. The ultrafine bubble-containing liquid according to claim 20, wherein the ultrafine bubbles include therein a gas selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, helium, oxygen, nitrogen, methane, fluorine, neon, carbon dioxide, ozone, argon, chlorine, ethane, propane, air, and gaseous mixtures thereof. 29-31. (canceled) | 2,600 |
342,733 | 16,642,461 | 2,652 | A replay plate 44 is set to have a vertically and horizontally symmetrical shape when a worm wheel 33 is viewed from its axial direction; the worm wheel 33 is provided with an accommodating concave portion 33 g in which the relay plate 44 is housed so as to be recessed in the axial direction; and a part of a non-slidably contacting surface in a slidably contacting surface 44 a of the relay plate 44, i.e., a non-slidably contacting surface S is covered with first and second fixing parts 35 a, 35 b that are provided around the accommodating concave portion 33 g and protrude in a direction intersecting with an axial direction of the worm wheel 33, the non-slidably contacting surface being a surface with which the contact plate is not slidably contacted. | 1. A wiper motor comprising:
a motor having an armature shaft; a rotating body rotated by the armature shaft; a relay plate provided on the rotating body; at least two contact plates slidably contacting with a slidably contacting surface of the relay plate; and rotation of the armature shaft being stopped when the contact plates are short-circuited by contacting with the slidably contacting surface, wherein the relay plate has a vertically and horizontally symmetrical shape when the rotating body is viewed from its axial direction, the rotating body is provided with an accommodating concave portion that houses the relay plate so as to be recessed in its axial direction, and a part of a non-slidably contacting surface in the slidably contacting surface is covered with a plurality of fixing parts that are provided around the accommodating concave portion and that protrude in a direction intersecting with an axial direction of the rotating body, the non-slidably contacting surface being a surface with which the contact plates are not slidably contacted. 2. The wiper motor according to claim 1,
wherein a pair of fixing parts in the plurality of fixing parts are provided on a virtual line that passes an axial center of the rotating body and extends in a radial direction of the rotating body, one of the pair of fixing parts protrudes radially outside the rotating body, and the other of the pair of fixing parts protrudes radially inside the rotating body. 3. The wiper motor according to claim 1,
wherein the relay plate is formed into a substantially square shape when the rotating body is viewed from the axial direction, and two sides of the relay plate, which oppose each other, are arranged on a virtual line that passes an axial center of the rotating body and extends in a radial direction of the rotating body. 4. The wiper motor according to claim 3,
wherein each of the fixing parts is formed into a substantially rectangular shape when the rotating body is viewed from the axial direction, and the fixing parts extend along each of the two sides, and are longer in length than half a length of each of the sides. 5. The wiper motor according to claim 1,
wherein the relay plate is provided with a protrusion that protrudes in the axial direction of the rotating body, and the protrusion is covered with the fixing parts. 6. The wiper motor according to claim 1,
Wherein a plurality of notch portions are provided around the relay plate, and the notch portions are covered with the fixing parts. 7. The wiper motor according to claim 1,
wherein first inclined surfaces are provided on front and back surfaces of the relay plate, the first inclined surfaces being directed toward a circumference of the relay plate and thinned gradually toward the relay plate, at least parts of the first inclined surfaces are covered with the fixing parts, and second inclined surfaces that support the first inclined surfaces are provided in the accommodating concave portion. 8. The wiper motor according to claim 7,
wherein a pair of second inclined surfaces in the second inclined surfaces are arranged so as to oppose each other in a slidably contacting direction of the contact plate. 9. The wiper motor according to claim 7,
wherein the pair of second inclined surfaces are arranged so as to oppose each other in the radial direction of the rotating body. 10. The wiper motor according to claim 7,
wherein a plurality of convex portions are provided on a bottom surface of the accommodating concave portion so that the relay plate housed in the accommodating concave portion is made parallel to the bottom surface. 11. A method of manufacturing a wiper motor, the wiper motor including:
a motor having an armature shaft; a rotating body rotated by the armature shaft; a relay plate provided on the rotating body; at least two contact plates slidably contacting with a slidably contacting surface of the relay plate; and rotation of the armature shaft being stopped when the contact plates are short-circuited by contacting with the slidably contacting surface, the method comprising: a relay plate housing step of housing the relay plate in an accommodating concave portion that is provided in the rotating body; and a relay plate fixing step of heating and thermally deforming a heat receiving portion and covering a part of a non-slidably contacting surface in the slidably contacting surface with the thermally deformed heat receiving portion, the heat receiving portion being provided around the accommodating concave portion and protruding in an axial direction of the rotating body, the non-slidably contacting surface being a surface with which the contact plates are not slidably contacted. 12. The method for manufacturing a wiper motor according to claim 11,
wherein the heat receiving portion is provided in a radial direction of the rotating body and at a position apart from a wall that forms the accommodating concave portion. 13. The method of manufacturing a wiper motor according to claim 11,
wherein the relay plate is provided with a protrusion that protrudes in an axial direction of the rotating body, and the protrusion is covered with the thermally deformed heat receiving portion in the relay plate fixing step. | A replay plate 44 is set to have a vertically and horizontally symmetrical shape when a worm wheel 33 is viewed from its axial direction; the worm wheel 33 is provided with an accommodating concave portion 33 g in which the relay plate 44 is housed so as to be recessed in the axial direction; and a part of a non-slidably contacting surface in a slidably contacting surface 44 a of the relay plate 44, i.e., a non-slidably contacting surface S is covered with first and second fixing parts 35 a, 35 b that are provided around the accommodating concave portion 33 g and protrude in a direction intersecting with an axial direction of the worm wheel 33, the non-slidably contacting surface being a surface with which the contact plate is not slidably contacted.1. A wiper motor comprising:
a motor having an armature shaft; a rotating body rotated by the armature shaft; a relay plate provided on the rotating body; at least two contact plates slidably contacting with a slidably contacting surface of the relay plate; and rotation of the armature shaft being stopped when the contact plates are short-circuited by contacting with the slidably contacting surface, wherein the relay plate has a vertically and horizontally symmetrical shape when the rotating body is viewed from its axial direction, the rotating body is provided with an accommodating concave portion that houses the relay plate so as to be recessed in its axial direction, and a part of a non-slidably contacting surface in the slidably contacting surface is covered with a plurality of fixing parts that are provided around the accommodating concave portion and that protrude in a direction intersecting with an axial direction of the rotating body, the non-slidably contacting surface being a surface with which the contact plates are not slidably contacted. 2. The wiper motor according to claim 1,
wherein a pair of fixing parts in the plurality of fixing parts are provided on a virtual line that passes an axial center of the rotating body and extends in a radial direction of the rotating body, one of the pair of fixing parts protrudes radially outside the rotating body, and the other of the pair of fixing parts protrudes radially inside the rotating body. 3. The wiper motor according to claim 1,
wherein the relay plate is formed into a substantially square shape when the rotating body is viewed from the axial direction, and two sides of the relay plate, which oppose each other, are arranged on a virtual line that passes an axial center of the rotating body and extends in a radial direction of the rotating body. 4. The wiper motor according to claim 3,
wherein each of the fixing parts is formed into a substantially rectangular shape when the rotating body is viewed from the axial direction, and the fixing parts extend along each of the two sides, and are longer in length than half a length of each of the sides. 5. The wiper motor according to claim 1,
wherein the relay plate is provided with a protrusion that protrudes in the axial direction of the rotating body, and the protrusion is covered with the fixing parts. 6. The wiper motor according to claim 1,
Wherein a plurality of notch portions are provided around the relay plate, and the notch portions are covered with the fixing parts. 7. The wiper motor according to claim 1,
wherein first inclined surfaces are provided on front and back surfaces of the relay plate, the first inclined surfaces being directed toward a circumference of the relay plate and thinned gradually toward the relay plate, at least parts of the first inclined surfaces are covered with the fixing parts, and second inclined surfaces that support the first inclined surfaces are provided in the accommodating concave portion. 8. The wiper motor according to claim 7,
wherein a pair of second inclined surfaces in the second inclined surfaces are arranged so as to oppose each other in a slidably contacting direction of the contact plate. 9. The wiper motor according to claim 7,
wherein the pair of second inclined surfaces are arranged so as to oppose each other in the radial direction of the rotating body. 10. The wiper motor according to claim 7,
wherein a plurality of convex portions are provided on a bottom surface of the accommodating concave portion so that the relay plate housed in the accommodating concave portion is made parallel to the bottom surface. 11. A method of manufacturing a wiper motor, the wiper motor including:
a motor having an armature shaft; a rotating body rotated by the armature shaft; a relay plate provided on the rotating body; at least two contact plates slidably contacting with a slidably contacting surface of the relay plate; and rotation of the armature shaft being stopped when the contact plates are short-circuited by contacting with the slidably contacting surface, the method comprising: a relay plate housing step of housing the relay plate in an accommodating concave portion that is provided in the rotating body; and a relay plate fixing step of heating and thermally deforming a heat receiving portion and covering a part of a non-slidably contacting surface in the slidably contacting surface with the thermally deformed heat receiving portion, the heat receiving portion being provided around the accommodating concave portion and protruding in an axial direction of the rotating body, the non-slidably contacting surface being a surface with which the contact plates are not slidably contacted. 12. The method for manufacturing a wiper motor according to claim 11,
wherein the heat receiving portion is provided in a radial direction of the rotating body and at a position apart from a wall that forms the accommodating concave portion. 13. The method of manufacturing a wiper motor according to claim 11,
wherein the relay plate is provided with a protrusion that protrudes in an axial direction of the rotating body, and the protrusion is covered with the thermally deformed heat receiving portion in the relay plate fixing step. | 2,600 |
342,734 | 16,642,450 | 2,652 | A terminal apparatus includes: a receiver configured to receive a PDCCH including a DCI format used for scheduling of a PDSCH, and the PDSCH; and a transmitter configured to transmit a HARQ-ACK on a PUCCH, wherein an index of a downlink reference signal quasi co-located (QCLed) with an antenna port of a downlink reference signal associated with the PDSCH is given based on a control resource set in which the PDCCH is detected. | 1-4. (canceled) 5: A terminal device comprising:
reception circuitry configured to receive a PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control CHannel) including a DCI (Downlink Control Information) used for scheduling of a PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared CHannel), and receive the PDSCH; and transmission circuitry configured to transmit a HARQ-ACK in a PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control CHannel), wherein a first parameter for the PDSCH is associated with an index of a CSI-RS (Channel State Information-Reference Signal) or an index of a SS (Synchronization signal) block, the CSI-RS being quasi co-located with a DMRS (DeModulation Reference Signal) of the PDSCH, the SS block being quasi co-located with the DMRS of the PDSCH, a second parameter for the PDCCH is associated with an index of a CSI-RS or an index of a SS block, the CSI-RS being quasi co-located with a DMRS of the PDCCH, the SS block being quasi co-located with the DMRS of the PDCCH, the second parameter for the PDCCH is selected from a set of second parameters, where the set of the second parameters is given based on a higher layer parameter received by the terminal device, and the first parameter for the PDSCH is selected based on the second parameter for the PDCCH. 6: The terminal device according to claim 5, wherein
the reception circuitry is configured to receive the PDCCH in a control resource set, multiple resource sets for the PUCCH are configured in a serving cell, in a case that a parameter to identify the control resource set is a first value, a resource for the PUCCH is selected from one of the multiple sets which corresponds to the first value, and in a case that the parameter to identify the control resource set is a second value, the resource for the PUCCH is selected from one of the multiple sets which corresponds to the second value. 7: A base station device comprising:
transmission circuitry configured to transmit a PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control CHannel) including a DCI (Downlink Control Information) used for scheduling of a PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared CHannel), and transmit the PDSCH; and reception circuitry configured to receive a HARQ-ACK in a PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control CHannel), wherein a first parameter for the PDSCH is associated with an index of a CSI-RS (Channel State Information-Reference Signal) or an index of a SS (Synchronization signal) block, the CSI-RS being quasi co-located with a DMRS (DeModulation Reference Signal) of the PDSCH, the SS block being quasi co-located with the DMRS of the PDSCH, a second parameter for the PDCCH is associated with an index of a CSI-RS or an index of a SS block, the CSI-RS being quasi co-located with a DMRS of the PDCCH, the SS block being quasi co-located with the DMRS of the PDCCH, the second parameter for the PDCCH is selected from a set of second parameters, where the set of the second parameters is given based on a higher layer parameter received by the terminal device, and the first parameter for the PDSCH is selected based on the second parameter for the PDCCH. 8: The base station device according to claim 5, wherein
the transmission circuitry is configured to receive the PDCCH in a control resource set, multiple resource sets for the PUCCH are configured in a serving cell, in a case that a parameter to identify the control resource set is a first value, a resource for the PUCCH is selected from one of the multiple sets which corresponds to the first value, and in a case that the parameter to identify the control resource set is a second value, the resource for the PUCCH is selected from one of the multiple sets which corresponds to the second value. 9: A communication method used for a terminal device, the communication method comprising:
receiving a PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control CHannel) including a DCI (Downlink Control Information) used for scheduling of a PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared CHannel), and receive the PDSCH, and transmitting a HARQ-ACK in a PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control CHannel), wherein a first parameter for the PDSCH is associated with an index of a CSI-RS (Channel State Information-Reference Signal) or an index of a SS (Synchronization signal) block, the CSI-RS being quasi co-located with a DMRS (DeModulation Reference Signal) of the PDSCH, the SS block being quasi co-located with the DMRS of the PDSCH, a second parameter for the PDCCH is associated with an index of a CSI-RS or an index of a SS block, the CSI-RS being quasi co-located with a DMRS of the PDCCH, the SS block being quasi co-located with the DMRS of the PDCCH, the second parameter for the PDCCH is selected from a set of second parameters, where the set of the second parameters is given based on a higher layer parameter received by the terminal device, and the first parameter for the PDSCH is selected based on the second parameter for the PDCCH. 10: A communication method used for a base station device, the communication method comprising:
transmitting a PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control CHannel) including a DCI (Downlink Control Information) used for scheduling of a PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared CHannel), and transmit the PDSCH; and receiving a HARQ-ACK in a PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control CHannel), wherein a first parameter for the PDSCH is associated with an index of a CSI-RS (Channel State Information-Reference Signal) or an index of a SS (Synchronization signal) block, the CSI-RS being quasi co-located with a DMRS (DeModulation Reference Signal) of the PDSCH, the SS block being quasi co-located with the DMRS of the PDSCH, a second parameter for the PDCCH is associated with an index of a CSI-RS or an index of a SS block, the CSI-RS being quasi co-located with a DMRS of the PDCCH, the SS block being quasi co-located with the DMRS of the PDCCH, the second parameter for the PDCCH is selected from a set of second parameters, where the set of the second parameters is given based on a higher layer parameter received by the terminal device, and the first parameter for the PDSCH is selected based on the second parameter for the PDCCH. | A terminal apparatus includes: a receiver configured to receive a PDCCH including a DCI format used for scheduling of a PDSCH, and the PDSCH; and a transmitter configured to transmit a HARQ-ACK on a PUCCH, wherein an index of a downlink reference signal quasi co-located (QCLed) with an antenna port of a downlink reference signal associated with the PDSCH is given based on a control resource set in which the PDCCH is detected.1-4. (canceled) 5: A terminal device comprising:
reception circuitry configured to receive a PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control CHannel) including a DCI (Downlink Control Information) used for scheduling of a PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared CHannel), and receive the PDSCH; and transmission circuitry configured to transmit a HARQ-ACK in a PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control CHannel), wherein a first parameter for the PDSCH is associated with an index of a CSI-RS (Channel State Information-Reference Signal) or an index of a SS (Synchronization signal) block, the CSI-RS being quasi co-located with a DMRS (DeModulation Reference Signal) of the PDSCH, the SS block being quasi co-located with the DMRS of the PDSCH, a second parameter for the PDCCH is associated with an index of a CSI-RS or an index of a SS block, the CSI-RS being quasi co-located with a DMRS of the PDCCH, the SS block being quasi co-located with the DMRS of the PDCCH, the second parameter for the PDCCH is selected from a set of second parameters, where the set of the second parameters is given based on a higher layer parameter received by the terminal device, and the first parameter for the PDSCH is selected based on the second parameter for the PDCCH. 6: The terminal device according to claim 5, wherein
the reception circuitry is configured to receive the PDCCH in a control resource set, multiple resource sets for the PUCCH are configured in a serving cell, in a case that a parameter to identify the control resource set is a first value, a resource for the PUCCH is selected from one of the multiple sets which corresponds to the first value, and in a case that the parameter to identify the control resource set is a second value, the resource for the PUCCH is selected from one of the multiple sets which corresponds to the second value. 7: A base station device comprising:
transmission circuitry configured to transmit a PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control CHannel) including a DCI (Downlink Control Information) used for scheduling of a PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared CHannel), and transmit the PDSCH; and reception circuitry configured to receive a HARQ-ACK in a PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control CHannel), wherein a first parameter for the PDSCH is associated with an index of a CSI-RS (Channel State Information-Reference Signal) or an index of a SS (Synchronization signal) block, the CSI-RS being quasi co-located with a DMRS (DeModulation Reference Signal) of the PDSCH, the SS block being quasi co-located with the DMRS of the PDSCH, a second parameter for the PDCCH is associated with an index of a CSI-RS or an index of a SS block, the CSI-RS being quasi co-located with a DMRS of the PDCCH, the SS block being quasi co-located with the DMRS of the PDCCH, the second parameter for the PDCCH is selected from a set of second parameters, where the set of the second parameters is given based on a higher layer parameter received by the terminal device, and the first parameter for the PDSCH is selected based on the second parameter for the PDCCH. 8: The base station device according to claim 5, wherein
the transmission circuitry is configured to receive the PDCCH in a control resource set, multiple resource sets for the PUCCH are configured in a serving cell, in a case that a parameter to identify the control resource set is a first value, a resource for the PUCCH is selected from one of the multiple sets which corresponds to the first value, and in a case that the parameter to identify the control resource set is a second value, the resource for the PUCCH is selected from one of the multiple sets which corresponds to the second value. 9: A communication method used for a terminal device, the communication method comprising:
receiving a PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control CHannel) including a DCI (Downlink Control Information) used for scheduling of a PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared CHannel), and receive the PDSCH, and transmitting a HARQ-ACK in a PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control CHannel), wherein a first parameter for the PDSCH is associated with an index of a CSI-RS (Channel State Information-Reference Signal) or an index of a SS (Synchronization signal) block, the CSI-RS being quasi co-located with a DMRS (DeModulation Reference Signal) of the PDSCH, the SS block being quasi co-located with the DMRS of the PDSCH, a second parameter for the PDCCH is associated with an index of a CSI-RS or an index of a SS block, the CSI-RS being quasi co-located with a DMRS of the PDCCH, the SS block being quasi co-located with the DMRS of the PDCCH, the second parameter for the PDCCH is selected from a set of second parameters, where the set of the second parameters is given based on a higher layer parameter received by the terminal device, and the first parameter for the PDSCH is selected based on the second parameter for the PDCCH. 10: A communication method used for a base station device, the communication method comprising:
transmitting a PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control CHannel) including a DCI (Downlink Control Information) used for scheduling of a PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared CHannel), and transmit the PDSCH; and receiving a HARQ-ACK in a PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control CHannel), wherein a first parameter for the PDSCH is associated with an index of a CSI-RS (Channel State Information-Reference Signal) or an index of a SS (Synchronization signal) block, the CSI-RS being quasi co-located with a DMRS (DeModulation Reference Signal) of the PDSCH, the SS block being quasi co-located with the DMRS of the PDSCH, a second parameter for the PDCCH is associated with an index of a CSI-RS or an index of a SS block, the CSI-RS being quasi co-located with a DMRS of the PDCCH, the SS block being quasi co-located with the DMRS of the PDCCH, the second parameter for the PDCCH is selected from a set of second parameters, where the set of the second parameters is given based on a higher layer parameter received by the terminal device, and the first parameter for the PDSCH is selected based on the second parameter for the PDCCH. | 2,600 |
342,735 | 16,642,444 | 2,652 | Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method, apparatus and computer program products for DC offset degradation. A method implemented in a massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system, which comprises a plurality of receiver branches, includes receiving a radio frequency (RF) signal in the plurality of receive branches. The method further includes configuring different local frequencies of a plurality of local oscillators respectively in the plurality of receiver branches according to a carrier frequency of the RF signal, to enable direct current (DC) offsets in the plurality of receiver branches to be distinguishable from each other in frequency. | 1. A method implemented in a massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system, the massive MIMO system comprising a plurality of receiver branches, the method comprising:
receiving a radio frequency (RF) signal in the plurality of receive branches; and configuring different local frequencies of a plurality of local oscillators respectively in the plurality of receiver branches according to a carrier frequency of the RF signal, to enable direct current (DC) offsets in the plurality of receiver branches to be distinguishable from each other in frequency. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the different local frequencies of the plurality of local oscillators are configured such that the DC offsets are positioned respectively at a center of different subcarriers of a carrier carrying the RF signal. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the different local frequencies of the plurality of local oscillators are configured to be different from the carrier frequency by (N+0.5) multiple of a subcarrier spacing, wherein N is a natural number. 4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
converting, in each of the receiver branches, the RF signal into an analog baseband signal by means of the corresponding local oscillator, such that the analog baseband signals in the plurality of receiver branches shift from each other in frequency by a difference between the local frequencies of the corresponding local oscillators; and converting, in each of the receiver branches, the analog baseband signal into a digital baseband signal, such that the digital baseband signals are aligned with each other in frequency. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein converting, in each of the receiver branches, the analog baseband signal into a digital baseband signal comprises:
performing an analog-to-digital conversion on the analog baseband signal; and mixing the converted baseband signal with a digital oscillation signal, wherein the digital oscillation signal has a frequency that is equal to a frequency difference between the local frequency of the local oscillator in the receiver branch and the carrier frequency. 6. The method according to claim 4, further comprising:
transforming the digital baseband signals in time domain into subcarrier signals in frequency domain by means of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT); and forming a plurality of beam signals based on the subcarrier signals. 7. An apparatus in a massive MIMO system, the massive MIMO system comprising a plurality of receiver branches, the apparatus comprising:
a processor; and a memory, said memory containing instructions executable by said processor, whereby said apparatus is operative to: receive a radio frequency (RF) signal in the plurality of receive branches; and configure different local frequencies of a plurality of local oscillators respectively in the plurality of receiver branches according to a carrier frequency of the RF signal, to enable direct current (DC) offsets in the plurality of receiver branches to be distinguishable from each other in frequency. 8. The apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the apparatus is operative to configure the different local frequencies of the plurality of local oscillators such that the DC offsets are positioned respectively at a center of different subcarriers of a carrier carrying the RF signal. 9. The apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the apparatus is operative to configure the different local frequencies of the plurality of local oscillators to be different from the carrier frequency by (N+0.5) multiple of a subcarrier spacing, wherein N is a natural number. 10. The apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the apparatus is further operative to:
convert, in each of the receiver branches, the RF signal into an analog baseband signal by means of the corresponding local oscillator, such that the analog baseband signals in the plurality of receiver branches shift from each other in frequency by a difference between the local frequencies of the corresponding local oscillators; and
convert, in each of the receiver branches, the analog baseband signal into a digital baseband signal, such that the digital baseband signals are aligned with each other in frequency. 11. The apparatus according to claim 10 wherein the apparatus is operative to:
perform, in each of the receiver branches, an analog-to-digital conversion on the analog baseband signal; and
mix, in each of the receiver branches, the converted baseband signal with a digital oscillation signal, wherein the digital oscillation signal has a frequency that is equal to a frequency difference between the local frequency of the local oscillator in the receiver branch and the carrier frequency. 12. The apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the apparatus is further operative to:
transform the digital baseband signals in time domain into subcarrier signals in frequency domain by means of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT); and
form a plurality of beam signals based on the subcarrier signals. 13. A massive MIMO system comprising:
a plurality of receiver branches, each of which comprises an antenna configured to receive a radio frequency (RF) signal; and a processor configured to configure different local frequencies of a plurality of local oscillators respectively in the plurality of receiver branches according to a carrier frequency of the RF signal, to enable direct current (DC) offsets in the plurality of receiver branches to be distinguishable from each other in frequency. 14. The massive MIMO system according to claim 13 wherein the processor is configured to configure the different local frequencies of the plurality of local oscillators such that the DC offsets are positioned respectively at a center of different subcarriers of a carrier carrying the RF signal. 15. The massive MIMO system according to claim 13 wherein the processor is configured to configure the different local frequencies of the plurality of local oscillators to be different from the carrier frequency by (N+0.5) multiple of a subcarrier spacing, wherein N is a natural number. 16. The massive MIMO system according to claim 13 wherein each of the plurality of receiver branch further comprises:
a first converter configured to convert the RF signal into an analog baseband signal by means of the corresponding local oscillator, such that the analog baseband signals in the plurality of receiver branches shift from each other in frequency by a difference between the local frequencies of the corresponding local oscillators; and
a second converter configured to convert the analog baseband signal into a digital baseband signal, such that the digital baseband signals are aligned with each other in frequency. 17. The massive MIMO system according to claim 16 wherein the second converter comprises:
an analog-to-digital converter configured to perform an analog-to-digital conversion on the analog baseband signal; and
a digital mixer configured to mix the converted baseband signal with a digital oscillation signal, wherein the digital oscillation signal has a frequency that is equal to a frequency difference between the local frequency of the local oscillator in the receiver branch and the carrier frequency. 18. The massive MIMO system according to claim 16 further comprising:
an FFT transformer configured to transform the digital baseband signals in time domain into subcarrier signals in frequency domain by means of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT); and
a beamformer configured to form a plurality of beam signals based on the subcarrier signals. 19. (canceled) | Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method, apparatus and computer program products for DC offset degradation. A method implemented in a massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system, which comprises a plurality of receiver branches, includes receiving a radio frequency (RF) signal in the plurality of receive branches. The method further includes configuring different local frequencies of a plurality of local oscillators respectively in the plurality of receiver branches according to a carrier frequency of the RF signal, to enable direct current (DC) offsets in the plurality of receiver branches to be distinguishable from each other in frequency.1. A method implemented in a massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system, the massive MIMO system comprising a plurality of receiver branches, the method comprising:
receiving a radio frequency (RF) signal in the plurality of receive branches; and configuring different local frequencies of a plurality of local oscillators respectively in the plurality of receiver branches according to a carrier frequency of the RF signal, to enable direct current (DC) offsets in the plurality of receiver branches to be distinguishable from each other in frequency. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the different local frequencies of the plurality of local oscillators are configured such that the DC offsets are positioned respectively at a center of different subcarriers of a carrier carrying the RF signal. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the different local frequencies of the plurality of local oscillators are configured to be different from the carrier frequency by (N+0.5) multiple of a subcarrier spacing, wherein N is a natural number. 4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising:
converting, in each of the receiver branches, the RF signal into an analog baseband signal by means of the corresponding local oscillator, such that the analog baseband signals in the plurality of receiver branches shift from each other in frequency by a difference between the local frequencies of the corresponding local oscillators; and converting, in each of the receiver branches, the analog baseband signal into a digital baseband signal, such that the digital baseband signals are aligned with each other in frequency. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein converting, in each of the receiver branches, the analog baseband signal into a digital baseband signal comprises:
performing an analog-to-digital conversion on the analog baseband signal; and mixing the converted baseband signal with a digital oscillation signal, wherein the digital oscillation signal has a frequency that is equal to a frequency difference between the local frequency of the local oscillator in the receiver branch and the carrier frequency. 6. The method according to claim 4, further comprising:
transforming the digital baseband signals in time domain into subcarrier signals in frequency domain by means of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT); and forming a plurality of beam signals based on the subcarrier signals. 7. An apparatus in a massive MIMO system, the massive MIMO system comprising a plurality of receiver branches, the apparatus comprising:
a processor; and a memory, said memory containing instructions executable by said processor, whereby said apparatus is operative to: receive a radio frequency (RF) signal in the plurality of receive branches; and configure different local frequencies of a plurality of local oscillators respectively in the plurality of receiver branches according to a carrier frequency of the RF signal, to enable direct current (DC) offsets in the plurality of receiver branches to be distinguishable from each other in frequency. 8. The apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the apparatus is operative to configure the different local frequencies of the plurality of local oscillators such that the DC offsets are positioned respectively at a center of different subcarriers of a carrier carrying the RF signal. 9. The apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the apparatus is operative to configure the different local frequencies of the plurality of local oscillators to be different from the carrier frequency by (N+0.5) multiple of a subcarrier spacing, wherein N is a natural number. 10. The apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the apparatus is further operative to:
convert, in each of the receiver branches, the RF signal into an analog baseband signal by means of the corresponding local oscillator, such that the analog baseband signals in the plurality of receiver branches shift from each other in frequency by a difference between the local frequencies of the corresponding local oscillators; and
convert, in each of the receiver branches, the analog baseband signal into a digital baseband signal, such that the digital baseband signals are aligned with each other in frequency. 11. The apparatus according to claim 10 wherein the apparatus is operative to:
perform, in each of the receiver branches, an analog-to-digital conversion on the analog baseband signal; and
mix, in each of the receiver branches, the converted baseband signal with a digital oscillation signal, wherein the digital oscillation signal has a frequency that is equal to a frequency difference between the local frequency of the local oscillator in the receiver branch and the carrier frequency. 12. The apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the apparatus is further operative to:
transform the digital baseband signals in time domain into subcarrier signals in frequency domain by means of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT); and
form a plurality of beam signals based on the subcarrier signals. 13. A massive MIMO system comprising:
a plurality of receiver branches, each of which comprises an antenna configured to receive a radio frequency (RF) signal; and a processor configured to configure different local frequencies of a plurality of local oscillators respectively in the plurality of receiver branches according to a carrier frequency of the RF signal, to enable direct current (DC) offsets in the plurality of receiver branches to be distinguishable from each other in frequency. 14. The massive MIMO system according to claim 13 wherein the processor is configured to configure the different local frequencies of the plurality of local oscillators such that the DC offsets are positioned respectively at a center of different subcarriers of a carrier carrying the RF signal. 15. The massive MIMO system according to claim 13 wherein the processor is configured to configure the different local frequencies of the plurality of local oscillators to be different from the carrier frequency by (N+0.5) multiple of a subcarrier spacing, wherein N is a natural number. 16. The massive MIMO system according to claim 13 wherein each of the plurality of receiver branch further comprises:
a first converter configured to convert the RF signal into an analog baseband signal by means of the corresponding local oscillator, such that the analog baseband signals in the plurality of receiver branches shift from each other in frequency by a difference between the local frequencies of the corresponding local oscillators; and
a second converter configured to convert the analog baseband signal into a digital baseband signal, such that the digital baseband signals are aligned with each other in frequency. 17. The massive MIMO system according to claim 16 wherein the second converter comprises:
an analog-to-digital converter configured to perform an analog-to-digital conversion on the analog baseband signal; and
a digital mixer configured to mix the converted baseband signal with a digital oscillation signal, wherein the digital oscillation signal has a frequency that is equal to a frequency difference between the local frequency of the local oscillator in the receiver branch and the carrier frequency. 18. The massive MIMO system according to claim 16 further comprising:
an FFT transformer configured to transform the digital baseband signals in time domain into subcarrier signals in frequency domain by means of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT); and
a beamformer configured to form a plurality of beam signals based on the subcarrier signals. 19. (canceled) | 2,600 |
342,736 | 16,642,456 | 2,652 | A device for simulating a surgical intervention, comprising: a first support (2), which defines a first reference plane (2a) and a second reference plane (2b); said reference planes can vary the angle with an appropriate system of movement (e.g. manoeuvring screw, inclined surface, air- or liquid-driven actuation system, electric motor, etc.) to simulate the range of motion of the joint, which is appropriately varied intraoperatively in various steps of the intervention (to enable or facilitate some steps of the intervention); a second support (3), provided with a seat (31) for accommodating a portion of bone or of a bone model, which is associated with the first support (2) with the possibility of rotating about at least a first axis (X) parallel to a longitudinal axis of the portion of bone or bone model. The whole joint structure is enclosed inside a casing simulating the volume of soft tissues. The casing is workable for the purpose of recreating portals or operating access routes. Inside the casing there are consumable elements that contribute to defining | 1. A device for simulating a surgical intervention, characterised in that it comprises:
a first support (2), which defines a first reference plane (2 a) and a second reference plane (2 b); a second support (3), provided with a seat (31) for accommodating a portion of bone or of a bone model, which is associated with the first support (2) with the possibility of rotating about at least a first axis (X) parallel to a longitudinal axis of the portion of bone or bone model. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first plane (2 a) and the second plane (2 b) are inclined relative to each other by a prefixed angle. 3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first plane (2 a) and the second plane (2 b) are inclined relative to each other by an adjustable angle. 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first axis (X) is parallel to the second plane (2 b). 5. The device according to claim 1, wherein: the first support (2) comprises a coupling seat (21) provided with cylindrical surface (22) concentric to the first axis (X); the second support (3) comprises a cylindrical surface (32) concentric to the first axis (X) and placed in contact with the coupling seat (21). 6. The device according to claim 1, comprising a manoeuvring means ( )configured to bring about the rotation of the second support (3) relative to the first support (2). 7. The device according to claim 1, comprising a locking means ( ) configured to lock the second support (3) in a desired angular position relative to the first support (2). 8. The device according to claim 1, comprising a casing (7) which encloses the second support (3) and renders it inaccessible, wherein the casing (7) is made of a material that simulates the consistency of muscular and/or epithelial tissues. 9. The device according to claim 8, wherein the casing (7) is made of elastomeric material. 10. The device according to claim 9, wherein the casing (7) contains within it replaceable elements which simulate the anatomical structures of a joint, wherein said replaceable elements simulate anatomical structures that are intact or represent specific pathologies and may or may not incorporate all or part of the surrounding soft tissues. | A device for simulating a surgical intervention, comprising: a first support (2), which defines a first reference plane (2a) and a second reference plane (2b); said reference planes can vary the angle with an appropriate system of movement (e.g. manoeuvring screw, inclined surface, air- or liquid-driven actuation system, electric motor, etc.) to simulate the range of motion of the joint, which is appropriately varied intraoperatively in various steps of the intervention (to enable or facilitate some steps of the intervention); a second support (3), provided with a seat (31) for accommodating a portion of bone or of a bone model, which is associated with the first support (2) with the possibility of rotating about at least a first axis (X) parallel to a longitudinal axis of the portion of bone or bone model. The whole joint structure is enclosed inside a casing simulating the volume of soft tissues. The casing is workable for the purpose of recreating portals or operating access routes. Inside the casing there are consumable elements that contribute to defining1. A device for simulating a surgical intervention, characterised in that it comprises:
a first support (2), which defines a first reference plane (2 a) and a second reference plane (2 b); a second support (3), provided with a seat (31) for accommodating a portion of bone or of a bone model, which is associated with the first support (2) with the possibility of rotating about at least a first axis (X) parallel to a longitudinal axis of the portion of bone or bone model. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first plane (2 a) and the second plane (2 b) are inclined relative to each other by a prefixed angle. 3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first plane (2 a) and the second plane (2 b) are inclined relative to each other by an adjustable angle. 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first axis (X) is parallel to the second plane (2 b). 5. The device according to claim 1, wherein: the first support (2) comprises a coupling seat (21) provided with cylindrical surface (22) concentric to the first axis (X); the second support (3) comprises a cylindrical surface (32) concentric to the first axis (X) and placed in contact with the coupling seat (21). 6. The device according to claim 1, comprising a manoeuvring means ( )configured to bring about the rotation of the second support (3) relative to the first support (2). 7. The device according to claim 1, comprising a locking means ( ) configured to lock the second support (3) in a desired angular position relative to the first support (2). 8. The device according to claim 1, comprising a casing (7) which encloses the second support (3) and renders it inaccessible, wherein the casing (7) is made of a material that simulates the consistency of muscular and/or epithelial tissues. 9. The device according to claim 8, wherein the casing (7) is made of elastomeric material. 10. The device according to claim 9, wherein the casing (7) contains within it replaceable elements which simulate the anatomical structures of a joint, wherein said replaceable elements simulate anatomical structures that are intact or represent specific pathologies and may or may not incorporate all or part of the surrounding soft tissues. | 2,600 |
342,737 | 16,642,443 | 2,846 | The present invention reduces electric power consumption of a network inverter. The inverter (1 a, 1 b, 1 c) includes: an MPU (20 a, 20 b, 20 c); and a power supply (10) configured to carry out electric power delivery to the MPU (20 a, 20 b, 20 c) and to a power source circuit (40). In a case where the inverter (1 a, 1 b, 1 c) is to enter a standby state, an electric power delivery control circuit (22) of the MPU (20 a, 20 b, 20 c) blocks electric power delivery to the power source circuit (40). | 1. An inverter which includes a power source circuit configured to carry out electric power delivery to a control target device and which carries out communication with a master device via a network, said inverter comprising:
a processor including
a communication circuit configured to periodically transmit, to the master device, a result of the inverter controlling the control target device and
an electric power delivery control circuit configured to control electric power delivery to the power source circuit; and
a power supply configured to carry out electric power delivery to the processor and to the power source circuit, the electric power delivery control circuit being configured to block the electric power delivery to the power source circuit in a case where the inverter is to enter a standby state. 2. The inverter according to claim 1, wherein:
the communication circuit is configured to receive, from the master device, a standby command which is an instruction for causing the inverter to enter the standby state; and in a case where the communication circuit has received the standby command, the electric power delivery control circuit blocks the electric power delivery to the power source circuit. 3. The inverter according to claim 2, wherein:
the communication circuit is configured to receive, from the master device, a restart command which is an instruction for restarting the inverter; and in a case where the communication circuit has received the restart command, the electric power delivery control circuit resumes the electric power delivery to the power source circuit. 4. The inverter according to claim 1, wherein:
the communication circuit is configured to receive, from the master device, a driving command which is an instruction for driving the inverter or a motor connected to the inverter; and in a case where the communication circuit has not received the driving command for a certain period of time, the electric power delivery control circuit blocks the electric power delivery to the power source circuit. 5. The inverter according to claim 4, wherein:
the driving command contains information indicating a frequency of an output current to the motor; and in a case where the frequency indicated by the driving command is 0, the electric power delivery control circuit blocks the electric power delivery to the power source circuit. 6. The inverter according to claim 1, wherein:
the processor includes a feedback control circuit which (i) obtains information concerning a result of an output from the power source circuit and (ii) carries out feedback control on the power source circuit in accordance with the information; and the electric power delivery control circuit being configured to block electric power delivery to the feedback control circuit in a case where the inverter is to enter the standby state. 7. The inverter according to claim 1, wherein
said inverter includes: a communication unit including the processor; and a main body unit including a feedback control circuit which (i) obtains information concerning a result of an output from the power source circuit and (ii) carries out feedback control on the power source circuit in accordance with the information. 8. A control system comprising:
one or more of the inverter according to claim 1; and the master device configured to carry out communication with each of the one or more of the inverter. | The present invention reduces electric power consumption of a network inverter. The inverter (1 a, 1 b, 1 c) includes: an MPU (20 a, 20 b, 20 c); and a power supply (10) configured to carry out electric power delivery to the MPU (20 a, 20 b, 20 c) and to a power source circuit (40). In a case where the inverter (1 a, 1 b, 1 c) is to enter a standby state, an electric power delivery control circuit (22) of the MPU (20 a, 20 b, 20 c) blocks electric power delivery to the power source circuit (40).1. An inverter which includes a power source circuit configured to carry out electric power delivery to a control target device and which carries out communication with a master device via a network, said inverter comprising:
a processor including
a communication circuit configured to periodically transmit, to the master device, a result of the inverter controlling the control target device and
an electric power delivery control circuit configured to control electric power delivery to the power source circuit; and
a power supply configured to carry out electric power delivery to the processor and to the power source circuit, the electric power delivery control circuit being configured to block the electric power delivery to the power source circuit in a case where the inverter is to enter a standby state. 2. The inverter according to claim 1, wherein:
the communication circuit is configured to receive, from the master device, a standby command which is an instruction for causing the inverter to enter the standby state; and in a case where the communication circuit has received the standby command, the electric power delivery control circuit blocks the electric power delivery to the power source circuit. 3. The inverter according to claim 2, wherein:
the communication circuit is configured to receive, from the master device, a restart command which is an instruction for restarting the inverter; and in a case where the communication circuit has received the restart command, the electric power delivery control circuit resumes the electric power delivery to the power source circuit. 4. The inverter according to claim 1, wherein:
the communication circuit is configured to receive, from the master device, a driving command which is an instruction for driving the inverter or a motor connected to the inverter; and in a case where the communication circuit has not received the driving command for a certain period of time, the electric power delivery control circuit blocks the electric power delivery to the power source circuit. 5. The inverter according to claim 4, wherein:
the driving command contains information indicating a frequency of an output current to the motor; and in a case where the frequency indicated by the driving command is 0, the electric power delivery control circuit blocks the electric power delivery to the power source circuit. 6. The inverter according to claim 1, wherein:
the processor includes a feedback control circuit which (i) obtains information concerning a result of an output from the power source circuit and (ii) carries out feedback control on the power source circuit in accordance with the information; and the electric power delivery control circuit being configured to block electric power delivery to the feedback control circuit in a case where the inverter is to enter the standby state. 7. The inverter according to claim 1, wherein
said inverter includes: a communication unit including the processor; and a main body unit including a feedback control circuit which (i) obtains information concerning a result of an output from the power source circuit and (ii) carries out feedback control on the power source circuit in accordance with the information. 8. A control system comprising:
one or more of the inverter according to claim 1; and the master device configured to carry out communication with each of the one or more of the inverter. | 2,800 |
342,738 | 16,642,440 | 2,846 | The present invention is directed to compounds of the formula | 1. A compound of the formula 2. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 3. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 4. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 5. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 6. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 7-8. (canceled) 9. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 10. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 11. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 12-13. (canceled) 14. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 15. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 16-17. (canceled) 18. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 19. A compound according to claim 1 which is 20. (canceled) 21. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents or excipients. 22. (canceled) 23. A method of treating diseases and conditions in which the modulation of STING is indicated in a subject in need thereof which comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 24. A method of treating cancer comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of one or more compounds according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 25. The method of claim 24 wherein the cancer is small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, head and neck cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma, bladder cancer, esophageal carcinoma, gastric carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, breast cancers, urinary carcinoma, brain tumors such as glioblastoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL), chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), hepatocellular carcinoma, multiple myeloma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, mesothelioma, and other solid tumors or other hematological cancers. 26. The method of claim 25 wherein the cancer is small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, head and neck cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma or bladder cancer. 27. A method for treating cancer in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering an effective amount of a compound, according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
in combination with the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of one or more immuno-oncology agents. 28. A method for treating a subject afflicted with cancer comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of:
a) a compound according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and b) an anti-cancer agent which is an antibody or an antigen-binding portion thereof that binds specifically to a Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) receptor and inhibits PD-1 activity. 29. The method of claim 28, wherein the anti-PD-1 antibody is nivolumab or pembrolizumab. 30. The method of claim 29, wherein the anti-PD-1 antibody is nivolumab. | The present invention is directed to compounds of the formula1. A compound of the formula 2. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 3. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 4. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 5. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 6. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 7-8. (canceled) 9. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 10. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 11. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 12-13. (canceled) 14. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 15. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 16-17. (canceled) 18. The compound according to claim 1 of the formula 19. A compound according to claim 1 which is 20. (canceled) 21. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents or excipients. 22. (canceled) 23. A method of treating diseases and conditions in which the modulation of STING is indicated in a subject in need thereof which comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 24. A method of treating cancer comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of one or more compounds according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 25. The method of claim 24 wherein the cancer is small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, head and neck cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma, bladder cancer, esophageal carcinoma, gastric carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, breast cancers, urinary carcinoma, brain tumors such as glioblastoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL), chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), hepatocellular carcinoma, multiple myeloma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, mesothelioma, and other solid tumors or other hematological cancers. 26. The method of claim 25 wherein the cancer is small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, head and neck cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma or bladder cancer. 27. A method for treating cancer in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering an effective amount of a compound, according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
in combination with the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of one or more immuno-oncology agents. 28. A method for treating a subject afflicted with cancer comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of:
a) a compound according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and b) an anti-cancer agent which is an antibody or an antigen-binding portion thereof that binds specifically to a Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) receptor and inhibits PD-1 activity. 29. The method of claim 28, wherein the anti-PD-1 antibody is nivolumab or pembrolizumab. 30. The method of claim 29, wherein the anti-PD-1 antibody is nivolumab. | 2,800 |
342,739 | 16,642,477 | 2,846 | A sealed cell includes a bottomed cylindrical outer casing can. The outer casing can is formed by nickel-plated iron, and a lead connected to one of a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and the outer casing can, are welded by a welding part formed from the outside surface of the outer casing can toward the lead. The welding part is formed by molten traces and has a first layer and a second layer having a higher nickel concentration than the first layer. The first layer is formed from the lead through to the inside of the outer casing can, the second layer is formed so as to adjoin the first layer on the outside surface side of the outer casing can, and the whole of the first layer is covered with the second layer when the welding part is viewed from the outside of the outer casing can. | 1. A sealed cell, comprising:
an electrode body in which at least one positive electrode and at least one negative electrode are laminated with a separator interposed therebetween; and an outer casing can formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape, the outer casing can accommodating the electrode body, wherein the outer casing can is formed by nickel-plated iron, a lead connected to one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is welded to the outer casing can in a welding part formed from an outside surface of the outer casing can toward the lead, the welding part is formed by molten traces, and includes a first layer, and a second layer having a higher nickel concentration than the first layer, the first layer is formed from the lead to an inside of the outer casing can, the second layer is formed so as to adjoin the first layer on the outside surface side of the outer casing can, and a whole of the first layer is covered with the second layer when the welding part is viewed from outside of the outer casing can. 2. The sealed cell according to claim 1, wherein
the first layer has a linear planar shape when viewed from the outside of the outer casing can, and the second layer has a linear planar shape when viewed from the outside of the outer casing can. 3. The sealed cell according to claim 2, wherein
two first inclined bottom surfaces are formed at both end portions in a long side direction of the first layer so that a depth of the first layer is gradually increased toward a center in the long side direction, and two second inclined bottom surfaces are formed at both end portions in the long side direction of the second layer so that the depth of the second layer is gradually increased toward the center in the long side direction. 4. The sealed cell according to claim 3, wherein
gradients of the first inclined bottom surfaces are larger than gradients of the second inclined bottom surfaces with respect to an outside surface of the second layer. 5. A manufacturing method for the sealed cell according to claim 1, wherein
a welding process of welding the lead and the outer casing can includes: a first beam irradiation process in which the outside surface of the outer casing can is irradiated with a first energy beam from outside of the outer casing can to weld the outer casing can and the lead; and a second beam irradiation process in which, after the first beam irradiation process, a wider range than an irradiation range on the outside surface of the outer casing can which is irradiated with the first energy beam is irradiated with a second energy beam from the outside of the outer casing can. 6. The manufacturing method for a sealed cell according to claim 5, wherein
in the first beam irradiation process, the outside surface of the outer casing can is irradiated with the first energy beam while an irradiation portion of the first energy beam is moved in a first direction, and in the second beam irradiation process, the outside surface of the outer casing can is irradiated with the second energy beam while the irradiation portion of the second energy beam is moved in a second direction which is a direction opposite to the first direction. 7. The manufacturing method for a sealed cell according to claim 5, wherein
the first layer has a linear planar shape when viewed from the outside of the outer casing can, and two first inclined bottom surfaces are formed at both end portions in a long side direction so that a depth of the first layer is gradually increased toward a center in the long side direction, the second layer has a linear shape in which a width when viewed from the outside surface of the outer casing can is larger than the width of the first layer, and two second inclined bottom surfaces are formed at both end portions in the long side direction so that the depth of the second layer is gradually increased toward the center in the long side direction, and in the second beam irradiation process, the second layer is formed so that gradients of the respective two second inclined bottom surfaces at both end portions in the long side direction of the second layer with respect to an outside surface of the second layer are smaller than gradients of the respective two first inclined bottom surfaces with respect to the outside surface of the second layer. 8. A manufacturing method for the sealed cell according to claim 1, wherein
in a welding process of welding the lead and the outer casing can, a diffraction grating is used to divide one energy beam into a first energy beam and a second energy beam, and irradiation portions of the first energy beam and the second energy beam are moved relative to the outer casing can so that the first energy beam is applied, prior to the second energy beam, to a predetermined position on an outside surface of the outer casing can, to weld the outer casing can and the lead, so that the first layer and the second layer are formed. 9. The manufacturing method for a sealed cell according to claim 5, wherein
each of the first energy beam and the second energy beam is a laser beam. 10. The manufacturing method for a sealed cell according to claim 6, wherein
each of the first energy beam and the second energy beam is a laser beam. 11. The manufacturing method for a sealed cell according to claim 7, wherein
each of the first energy beam and the second energy beam is a laser beam. 12. The manufacturing method for a sealed cell according to claim 8, wherein
each of the first energy beam and the second energy beam is a laser beam. | A sealed cell includes a bottomed cylindrical outer casing can. The outer casing can is formed by nickel-plated iron, and a lead connected to one of a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and the outer casing can, are welded by a welding part formed from the outside surface of the outer casing can toward the lead. The welding part is formed by molten traces and has a first layer and a second layer having a higher nickel concentration than the first layer. The first layer is formed from the lead through to the inside of the outer casing can, the second layer is formed so as to adjoin the first layer on the outside surface side of the outer casing can, and the whole of the first layer is covered with the second layer when the welding part is viewed from the outside of the outer casing can.1. A sealed cell, comprising:
an electrode body in which at least one positive electrode and at least one negative electrode are laminated with a separator interposed therebetween; and an outer casing can formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape, the outer casing can accommodating the electrode body, wherein the outer casing can is formed by nickel-plated iron, a lead connected to one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is welded to the outer casing can in a welding part formed from an outside surface of the outer casing can toward the lead, the welding part is formed by molten traces, and includes a first layer, and a second layer having a higher nickel concentration than the first layer, the first layer is formed from the lead to an inside of the outer casing can, the second layer is formed so as to adjoin the first layer on the outside surface side of the outer casing can, and a whole of the first layer is covered with the second layer when the welding part is viewed from outside of the outer casing can. 2. The sealed cell according to claim 1, wherein
the first layer has a linear planar shape when viewed from the outside of the outer casing can, and the second layer has a linear planar shape when viewed from the outside of the outer casing can. 3. The sealed cell according to claim 2, wherein
two first inclined bottom surfaces are formed at both end portions in a long side direction of the first layer so that a depth of the first layer is gradually increased toward a center in the long side direction, and two second inclined bottom surfaces are formed at both end portions in the long side direction of the second layer so that the depth of the second layer is gradually increased toward the center in the long side direction. 4. The sealed cell according to claim 3, wherein
gradients of the first inclined bottom surfaces are larger than gradients of the second inclined bottom surfaces with respect to an outside surface of the second layer. 5. A manufacturing method for the sealed cell according to claim 1, wherein
a welding process of welding the lead and the outer casing can includes: a first beam irradiation process in which the outside surface of the outer casing can is irradiated with a first energy beam from outside of the outer casing can to weld the outer casing can and the lead; and a second beam irradiation process in which, after the first beam irradiation process, a wider range than an irradiation range on the outside surface of the outer casing can which is irradiated with the first energy beam is irradiated with a second energy beam from the outside of the outer casing can. 6. The manufacturing method for a sealed cell according to claim 5, wherein
in the first beam irradiation process, the outside surface of the outer casing can is irradiated with the first energy beam while an irradiation portion of the first energy beam is moved in a first direction, and in the second beam irradiation process, the outside surface of the outer casing can is irradiated with the second energy beam while the irradiation portion of the second energy beam is moved in a second direction which is a direction opposite to the first direction. 7. The manufacturing method for a sealed cell according to claim 5, wherein
the first layer has a linear planar shape when viewed from the outside of the outer casing can, and two first inclined bottom surfaces are formed at both end portions in a long side direction so that a depth of the first layer is gradually increased toward a center in the long side direction, the second layer has a linear shape in which a width when viewed from the outside surface of the outer casing can is larger than the width of the first layer, and two second inclined bottom surfaces are formed at both end portions in the long side direction so that the depth of the second layer is gradually increased toward the center in the long side direction, and in the second beam irradiation process, the second layer is formed so that gradients of the respective two second inclined bottom surfaces at both end portions in the long side direction of the second layer with respect to an outside surface of the second layer are smaller than gradients of the respective two first inclined bottom surfaces with respect to the outside surface of the second layer. 8. A manufacturing method for the sealed cell according to claim 1, wherein
in a welding process of welding the lead and the outer casing can, a diffraction grating is used to divide one energy beam into a first energy beam and a second energy beam, and irradiation portions of the first energy beam and the second energy beam are moved relative to the outer casing can so that the first energy beam is applied, prior to the second energy beam, to a predetermined position on an outside surface of the outer casing can, to weld the outer casing can and the lead, so that the first layer and the second layer are formed. 9. The manufacturing method for a sealed cell according to claim 5, wherein
each of the first energy beam and the second energy beam is a laser beam. 10. The manufacturing method for a sealed cell according to claim 6, wherein
each of the first energy beam and the second energy beam is a laser beam. 11. The manufacturing method for a sealed cell according to claim 7, wherein
each of the first energy beam and the second energy beam is a laser beam. 12. The manufacturing method for a sealed cell according to claim 8, wherein
each of the first energy beam and the second energy beam is a laser beam. | 2,800 |
342,740 | 16,642,491 | 2,846 | A method of operating a talk group server to control a virtual talk group member. During operation, the talk group server determines an assignment for a virtual talk group member to join a first talk group and communicate on behalf of a talk group member associated with a second talk group. The talk group server obtains user profile associated with the talk group member and causes the virtual talk group member to join the first talk group using the user profile associated with the talk group member. The talk group server then controls the virtual talk group member to perform the assignment by generating audio communications as a function of the user profile associated with the talk group member and transmitting audio communications on the first talk group. | 1. A method of operating a talk group server to control a virtual talk group member, the method comprising:
determining, at an electronic processor of the talk group server, an assignment for a virtual talk group member to join a first talk group and communicate on behalf of a talk group member associated with a second talk group to a plurality of talk group members on the first talk group; obtaining, at the electronic processor, user profile associated with the talk group member on the second talk group; causing, at the electronic processor, the virtual talk group member to join the first talk group using the user profile associated with the talk group member; and controlling, at the electronic processor, the virtual talk group member to perform the assignment by generating audio communications as a function of the user profile associated with the talk group member and transmitting the generated audio communications to the plurality of talk group members on the first talk group. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to determining the assignment, the method further comprises at least one of:
receiving an audio inquiry identifying the assignment for the virtual talk group member from a communication device of the talk group member; and receiving a request from the communication device of the talk group member to switch the talk group member from the first talk group to the second talk group. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein when the audio inquiry identifying the assignment is received, the method further comprising:
processing the audio inquiry, via a natural language processing engine, to extract information related to:
the talk group member for which the virtual talk group member is to be created,
the assignment to be completed by the virtual talk group member, and
the first talk group to which the virtual talk group member is to join to perform the assignment. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the user profile of the talk group member comprises at least one of: identifier of the talk group member, talk group identifier of the second talk group with which the talk group member is currently associated, one or more voice characteristics of the talk group member, and a determined context corresponding to the talk group member. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the determined context includes information identifying an incident associated with the talk group member, location of the talk group member, an agency to which the talk group member is affiliated, rank, experience, and role of the talk group member, historical talk group conversations associated with the talk group member, and knowledge data and sensor data corresponding to the talk group member. 6. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
synthesizing voice of the talk group member using one or more voice characteristics of the talk group member; and controlling the virtual talk member to transmit the audio communications with the synthesized voice on the first talk group. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
controlling the virtual talk group member to transmit an audio tone on the first talk group prior to or after transmitting the audio communications, the audio tone indicating to other talk group members on the first talk group that the virtual talk group member is communicating on behalf of the talk group member. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining, at the electronic processor, that the assignment is completed; causing, at the electronic processor, the virtual talk group member to switch from the first talk group to the second talk group with which the talk group member is associated; and controlling, at the electronic processor, the virtual talk group member to
generate audio communications including information collected as a result of completion of the assignment based on the audio communications transmitted on the first talk group and further as a function of the user profile associated with the talk group member, and
transmit the generated audio communications including information collected as the result of the completion of the assignment on the second talk group associated with the talk group member or on at least one other talk group as indicated in the assignment. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining, at the electronic processor, that the assignment is completed; causing, at the electronic processor, the virtual talk group member to disassociate from the first talk group; and controlling, at the electronic processor, the virtual talk group member to
generate audio output including information collected as a result of completion of the assignment based on the audio communications transmitted on the first talk group and further as a function of the user profile associated with the talk group member, and
play back the audio output at a communication device associated with the talk group member. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein controlling comprises:
determining that the assignment includes obtaining information related to a current incident assigned to the talk group member; and controlling the virtual talk group member to transmit a query requesting information related to the current incident on the first talk group; controlling the virtual talk group member to receive a response including information related to the current incident from one or more talk group members of the first talk group; and sending the response including information related to the current incident to a communication device associated with the talk group member or on the first talk group associated with the talk group member. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein joining further comprises:
registering the virtual talk group member to the first talk group using an identifier of the talk group member; and controlling the virtual talk group member to monitor audio communications on the first talk group while the talk group member is associated and actively communicating on the second talk group. 12. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
updating the virtual talk group member when the user profile of the talk group member changes. 13. A talk group server, comprising:
an electronic processor; and a communication interface communicatively coupled to the electronic processor, wherein the electronic processor is configured to
determine an assignment for a virtual talk group member to join a first talk group and communicate on behalf of a talk group member associated with a second talk group to a plurality of talk group members on the first talk group,
obtain user profile associated with the talk group member on the second talk group,
cause the virtual talk group member to join the first talk group using the user profile associated with the talk group member, and
control the virtual talk group member to perform the assignment by generating audio communications as a function of the user profile associated with the talk group member and transmitting the generated audio communications to the plurality of talk group members on the first talk group. 14. The talk group server of claim 13, further comprising a transceiver configured to receive at least one of:
an audio inquiry identifying the assignment for the virtual talk group member from a communication device of the talk group member; and a request from the communication device of the talk group member to switch the talk group member from the first talk group to the second talk group. 15. The talk group server of claim 14, wherein the electronic processor is further configured to process the audio inquiry, via a natural language processing engine, to extract information related to:
the talk group member for which the virtual talk group member is to be created, the assignment to be completed by the virtual talk group member, and the first talk group to which the virtual talk group member is to join to perform the assignment. 16. The talk group server of claim 13, further comprising a memory that stores the user profile, wherein the user profile comprises at least one of: identifier of the talk group member, talk group identifier of the second talk group with which the talk group member is currently associated, one or more voice characteristics of the talk group member, and a determined context corresponding to the talk group member. 17. The talk group server of claim 16, wherein the determined context includes information identifying an incident associated with the talk group member, location of the talk group member, an agency to which the talk group member is affiliated, rank, experience, and role of the talk group member, historical talk group conversations associated with the talk group member, and knowledge data and sensor data corresponding to the talk group member. 18. The talk group server of claim 16, wherein the electronic processor is further configured to:
synthesize voice of the talk group member using one or more voice characteristics of the talk group member; and control the virtual talk member to transmit the audio communications with the synthesized voice on the first talk group. 19. The talk group server of claim 13, wherein the electronic processor is further configured to:
determine that the assignment is completed; cause the virtual talk group member to switch from the first talk group to the second talk group with which the talk group member is associated; and control the virtual talk group member to
generate audio communications including information collected as a result of completion of the assignment based on the audio communications transmitted on the first talk group and further as a function of the user profile associated with the talk group member, and
transmit the generated audio communications including information collected as the result of the completion of the assignment on the second talk group associated with the talk group member or on at least one other talk group as indicated in the assignment. 20. The talk group server of claim 13, wherein the electronic processor is further configured to:
determine that the assignment is completed; cause the virtual talk group member to disassociate from the first talk group; and control the virtual talk group member to
generate audio output including information collected as a result of completion of the assignment based on the audio communications transmitted on the first talk group and further as a function of the user profile associated with the talk group member, and
play back the audio output at a communication device associated with the talk group member. | A method of operating a talk group server to control a virtual talk group member. During operation, the talk group server determines an assignment for a virtual talk group member to join a first talk group and communicate on behalf of a talk group member associated with a second talk group. The talk group server obtains user profile associated with the talk group member and causes the virtual talk group member to join the first talk group using the user profile associated with the talk group member. The talk group server then controls the virtual talk group member to perform the assignment by generating audio communications as a function of the user profile associated with the talk group member and transmitting audio communications on the first talk group.1. A method of operating a talk group server to control a virtual talk group member, the method comprising:
determining, at an electronic processor of the talk group server, an assignment for a virtual talk group member to join a first talk group and communicate on behalf of a talk group member associated with a second talk group to a plurality of talk group members on the first talk group; obtaining, at the electronic processor, user profile associated with the talk group member on the second talk group; causing, at the electronic processor, the virtual talk group member to join the first talk group using the user profile associated with the talk group member; and controlling, at the electronic processor, the virtual talk group member to perform the assignment by generating audio communications as a function of the user profile associated with the talk group member and transmitting the generated audio communications to the plurality of talk group members on the first talk group. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to determining the assignment, the method further comprises at least one of:
receiving an audio inquiry identifying the assignment for the virtual talk group member from a communication device of the talk group member; and receiving a request from the communication device of the talk group member to switch the talk group member from the first talk group to the second talk group. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein when the audio inquiry identifying the assignment is received, the method further comprising:
processing the audio inquiry, via a natural language processing engine, to extract information related to:
the talk group member for which the virtual talk group member is to be created,
the assignment to be completed by the virtual talk group member, and
the first talk group to which the virtual talk group member is to join to perform the assignment. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the user profile of the talk group member comprises at least one of: identifier of the talk group member, talk group identifier of the second talk group with which the talk group member is currently associated, one or more voice characteristics of the talk group member, and a determined context corresponding to the talk group member. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the determined context includes information identifying an incident associated with the talk group member, location of the talk group member, an agency to which the talk group member is affiliated, rank, experience, and role of the talk group member, historical talk group conversations associated with the talk group member, and knowledge data and sensor data corresponding to the talk group member. 6. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
synthesizing voice of the talk group member using one or more voice characteristics of the talk group member; and controlling the virtual talk member to transmit the audio communications with the synthesized voice on the first talk group. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
controlling the virtual talk group member to transmit an audio tone on the first talk group prior to or after transmitting the audio communications, the audio tone indicating to other talk group members on the first talk group that the virtual talk group member is communicating on behalf of the talk group member. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining, at the electronic processor, that the assignment is completed; causing, at the electronic processor, the virtual talk group member to switch from the first talk group to the second talk group with which the talk group member is associated; and controlling, at the electronic processor, the virtual talk group member to
generate audio communications including information collected as a result of completion of the assignment based on the audio communications transmitted on the first talk group and further as a function of the user profile associated with the talk group member, and
transmit the generated audio communications including information collected as the result of the completion of the assignment on the second talk group associated with the talk group member or on at least one other talk group as indicated in the assignment. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining, at the electronic processor, that the assignment is completed; causing, at the electronic processor, the virtual talk group member to disassociate from the first talk group; and controlling, at the electronic processor, the virtual talk group member to
generate audio output including information collected as a result of completion of the assignment based on the audio communications transmitted on the first talk group and further as a function of the user profile associated with the talk group member, and
play back the audio output at a communication device associated with the talk group member. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein controlling comprises:
determining that the assignment includes obtaining information related to a current incident assigned to the talk group member; and controlling the virtual talk group member to transmit a query requesting information related to the current incident on the first talk group; controlling the virtual talk group member to receive a response including information related to the current incident from one or more talk group members of the first talk group; and sending the response including information related to the current incident to a communication device associated with the talk group member or on the first talk group associated with the talk group member. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein joining further comprises:
registering the virtual talk group member to the first talk group using an identifier of the talk group member; and controlling the virtual talk group member to monitor audio communications on the first talk group while the talk group member is associated and actively communicating on the second talk group. 12. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
updating the virtual talk group member when the user profile of the talk group member changes. 13. A talk group server, comprising:
an electronic processor; and a communication interface communicatively coupled to the electronic processor, wherein the electronic processor is configured to
determine an assignment for a virtual talk group member to join a first talk group and communicate on behalf of a talk group member associated with a second talk group to a plurality of talk group members on the first talk group,
obtain user profile associated with the talk group member on the second talk group,
cause the virtual talk group member to join the first talk group using the user profile associated with the talk group member, and
control the virtual talk group member to perform the assignment by generating audio communications as a function of the user profile associated with the talk group member and transmitting the generated audio communications to the plurality of talk group members on the first talk group. 14. The talk group server of claim 13, further comprising a transceiver configured to receive at least one of:
an audio inquiry identifying the assignment for the virtual talk group member from a communication device of the talk group member; and a request from the communication device of the talk group member to switch the talk group member from the first talk group to the second talk group. 15. The talk group server of claim 14, wherein the electronic processor is further configured to process the audio inquiry, via a natural language processing engine, to extract information related to:
the talk group member for which the virtual talk group member is to be created, the assignment to be completed by the virtual talk group member, and the first talk group to which the virtual talk group member is to join to perform the assignment. 16. The talk group server of claim 13, further comprising a memory that stores the user profile, wherein the user profile comprises at least one of: identifier of the talk group member, talk group identifier of the second talk group with which the talk group member is currently associated, one or more voice characteristics of the talk group member, and a determined context corresponding to the talk group member. 17. The talk group server of claim 16, wherein the determined context includes information identifying an incident associated with the talk group member, location of the talk group member, an agency to which the talk group member is affiliated, rank, experience, and role of the talk group member, historical talk group conversations associated with the talk group member, and knowledge data and sensor data corresponding to the talk group member. 18. The talk group server of claim 16, wherein the electronic processor is further configured to:
synthesize voice of the talk group member using one or more voice characteristics of the talk group member; and control the virtual talk member to transmit the audio communications with the synthesized voice on the first talk group. 19. The talk group server of claim 13, wherein the electronic processor is further configured to:
determine that the assignment is completed; cause the virtual talk group member to switch from the first talk group to the second talk group with which the talk group member is associated; and control the virtual talk group member to
generate audio communications including information collected as a result of completion of the assignment based on the audio communications transmitted on the first talk group and further as a function of the user profile associated with the talk group member, and
transmit the generated audio communications including information collected as the result of the completion of the assignment on the second talk group associated with the talk group member or on at least one other talk group as indicated in the assignment. 20. The talk group server of claim 13, wherein the electronic processor is further configured to:
determine that the assignment is completed; cause the virtual talk group member to disassociate from the first talk group; and control the virtual talk group member to
generate audio output including information collected as a result of completion of the assignment based on the audio communications transmitted on the first talk group and further as a function of the user profile associated with the talk group member, and
play back the audio output at a communication device associated with the talk group member. | 2,800 |
342,741 | 16,642,452 | 2,846 | System and methods for training neural network models for real-time flow simulations are provided. Input data is acquired. The input data includes values for a plurality of input parameters associated with a multiphase fluid flow. The multiphase fluid flow is simulated using a complex fluid dynamics (CFD) model, based on the acquired input data. The CFD model represents a three-dimensional (3D) domain for the simulation. An area of interest is selected within the 3D domain represented by the CFD model. A two-dimensional (2D) mesh of the selected area of interest is generated. The 2D mesh represents results of the simulation for the selected area of interest. A neural network is then trained based on the simulation results represented by the generated 2D mesh. | 1. A computer-implemented method of training neural network models for real-time flow simulations, the method comprising:
acquiring input data including values for a plurality of input parameters associated with a multiphase fluid flow to be simulated; simulating the multiphase fluid flow using a complex fluid dynamics (CFD) model, based on the acquired input data, the CFD model representing a three-dimensional (3D) domain for the simulation; selecting an area of interest within the 3D domain represented by the CFD model; generating a two-dimensional (2D) mesh of the selected area of interest, the 2D mesh representing results of the simulation for the selected area of interest; and training a neural network based on the simulation results represented by the generated 2D mesh. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the neural network is a deep-learning neural network (DNN). 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
simulating multiphase fluid flow in real time during a wellsite operation, based on the trained neural network. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the wellsite operation is a stimulation treatment operation performed over different stages along a path of a wellbore through a reservoir formation, and the 3D domain represents the reservoir formation. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein generating further comprises:
identifying a 2D planar surface within the 3D domain, the 2D planar surface including simulation data corresponding to the selected area of interest; and applying the simulation data from the identified 2D planar surface to the 2D mesh of the selected area of interest. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the selected area of interest includes a fracture network within an area of the reservoir formation surrounding the wellbore. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the simulation data is applied to nodal points of the 2D mesh. 8. A system comprising:
at least one processor; and a memory coupled to the processor, the memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform a plurality of functions, including functions to: acquire input data including values for a plurality of input parameters associated with a multiphase fluid flow to be simulated; simulate the multiphase fluid flow using a complex fluid dynamics (CFD) model, based on the acquired input data, the CFD model representing a three-dimensional (3D) domain for the simulation; select an area of interest within the 3D domain represented by the CFD model; generate a two-dimensional (2D) mesh of the selected area of interest, the 2D mesh representing results of the simulation for the selected area of interest; and train a neural network based on the simulation results represented by the generated 2D mesh. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the neural network is a deep-learning neural network (DNN). 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the functions performed by the processor further include functions to:
simulate multiphase fluid flow in real time during a wellsite operation, based on the trained neural network. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the wellsite operation is a stimulation treatment operation performed over different stages along a path of a wellbore through a reservoir formation, and the 3D domain represents the reservoir formation. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the functions performed by the processor further include functions to:
identify a 2D planar surface within the 3D domain, the 2D planar surface including simulation data corresponding to the selected area of interest; and apply the simulation data from the 2D planar surface to the 2D mesh of the selected area of interest. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the selected area of interest includes a fracture network within an area of the reservoir formation surrounding the wellbore. 14. The system of claim 12, wherein the simulation data is applied to nodal points of the 2D mesh. 15. A computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored therein, which when executed by a processor cause the processor to perform a plurality of functions, including functions to:
acquire input data including values for a plurality of input parameters associated with a multiphase fluid flow to be simulated; simulate the multiphase fluid flow using a complex fluid dynamics (CFD) model, based on the acquired input data, the CFD model representing a three-dimensional (3D) domain for the simulation; select an area of interest within the 3D domain represented by the CFD model; generate a two-dimensional (2D) mesh of the selected area of interest, the 2D mesh representing results of the simulation for the selected area of interest; and train a neural network based on the simulation results represented by the generated 2D mesh. 16. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the neural network a deep-learning neural network (DNN). 17. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the functions performed by the processor further include functions to:
simulate multiphase fluid flow in real time during a wellsite operation, based on the trained neural network. 18. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the wellsite operation is a stimulation treatment operation performed over different stages along a path of a wellbore through a reservoir formation, and the 3D domain represents the reservoir formation. 19. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 18, wherein the functions performed by the processor further include functions to:
identify a 2D planar surface within the 3D domain, the 2D planar surface including simulation data corresponding to the selected area of interest; and apply the simulation data from the 2D planar surface to nodal points of the 2D mesh of the selected area of interest. 20. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 19, wherein the selected area of interest includes a fracture network within an area of the reservoir formation surrounding the wellbore. | System and methods for training neural network models for real-time flow simulations are provided. Input data is acquired. The input data includes values for a plurality of input parameters associated with a multiphase fluid flow. The multiphase fluid flow is simulated using a complex fluid dynamics (CFD) model, based on the acquired input data. The CFD model represents a three-dimensional (3D) domain for the simulation. An area of interest is selected within the 3D domain represented by the CFD model. A two-dimensional (2D) mesh of the selected area of interest is generated. The 2D mesh represents results of the simulation for the selected area of interest. A neural network is then trained based on the simulation results represented by the generated 2D mesh.1. A computer-implemented method of training neural network models for real-time flow simulations, the method comprising:
acquiring input data including values for a plurality of input parameters associated with a multiphase fluid flow to be simulated; simulating the multiphase fluid flow using a complex fluid dynamics (CFD) model, based on the acquired input data, the CFD model representing a three-dimensional (3D) domain for the simulation; selecting an area of interest within the 3D domain represented by the CFD model; generating a two-dimensional (2D) mesh of the selected area of interest, the 2D mesh representing results of the simulation for the selected area of interest; and training a neural network based on the simulation results represented by the generated 2D mesh. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the neural network is a deep-learning neural network (DNN). 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
simulating multiphase fluid flow in real time during a wellsite operation, based on the trained neural network. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the wellsite operation is a stimulation treatment operation performed over different stages along a path of a wellbore through a reservoir formation, and the 3D domain represents the reservoir formation. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein generating further comprises:
identifying a 2D planar surface within the 3D domain, the 2D planar surface including simulation data corresponding to the selected area of interest; and applying the simulation data from the identified 2D planar surface to the 2D mesh of the selected area of interest. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the selected area of interest includes a fracture network within an area of the reservoir formation surrounding the wellbore. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the simulation data is applied to nodal points of the 2D mesh. 8. A system comprising:
at least one processor; and a memory coupled to the processor, the memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform a plurality of functions, including functions to: acquire input data including values for a plurality of input parameters associated with a multiphase fluid flow to be simulated; simulate the multiphase fluid flow using a complex fluid dynamics (CFD) model, based on the acquired input data, the CFD model representing a three-dimensional (3D) domain for the simulation; select an area of interest within the 3D domain represented by the CFD model; generate a two-dimensional (2D) mesh of the selected area of interest, the 2D mesh representing results of the simulation for the selected area of interest; and train a neural network based on the simulation results represented by the generated 2D mesh. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the neural network is a deep-learning neural network (DNN). 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the functions performed by the processor further include functions to:
simulate multiphase fluid flow in real time during a wellsite operation, based on the trained neural network. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the wellsite operation is a stimulation treatment operation performed over different stages along a path of a wellbore through a reservoir formation, and the 3D domain represents the reservoir formation. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the functions performed by the processor further include functions to:
identify a 2D planar surface within the 3D domain, the 2D planar surface including simulation data corresponding to the selected area of interest; and apply the simulation data from the 2D planar surface to the 2D mesh of the selected area of interest. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein the selected area of interest includes a fracture network within an area of the reservoir formation surrounding the wellbore. 14. The system of claim 12, wherein the simulation data is applied to nodal points of the 2D mesh. 15. A computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored therein, which when executed by a processor cause the processor to perform a plurality of functions, including functions to:
acquire input data including values for a plurality of input parameters associated with a multiphase fluid flow to be simulated; simulate the multiphase fluid flow using a complex fluid dynamics (CFD) model, based on the acquired input data, the CFD model representing a three-dimensional (3D) domain for the simulation; select an area of interest within the 3D domain represented by the CFD model; generate a two-dimensional (2D) mesh of the selected area of interest, the 2D mesh representing results of the simulation for the selected area of interest; and train a neural network based on the simulation results represented by the generated 2D mesh. 16. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the neural network a deep-learning neural network (DNN). 17. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the functions performed by the processor further include functions to:
simulate multiphase fluid flow in real time during a wellsite operation, based on the trained neural network. 18. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the wellsite operation is a stimulation treatment operation performed over different stages along a path of a wellbore through a reservoir formation, and the 3D domain represents the reservoir formation. 19. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 18, wherein the functions performed by the processor further include functions to:
identify a 2D planar surface within the 3D domain, the 2D planar surface including simulation data corresponding to the selected area of interest; and apply the simulation data from the 2D planar surface to nodal points of the 2D mesh of the selected area of interest. 20. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 19, wherein the selected area of interest includes a fracture network within an area of the reservoir formation surrounding the wellbore. | 2,800 |
342,742 | 16,642,478 | 2,846 | A microwave-rectifying circuit for rectifying AC power is equipped with: an input line into which AC power is inputted; multiple branch lines which branch off from the branching point on the output side of the input line into n lines; rectifiers which rectify the AC power flowing through the branch lines and are positioned in each of the multiple branch lines; and phase shift units which are provided upstream from the rectifier in at least n−1 branch lines among the multiple branch lines, and shift the phase of the AC power in a manner such that relative to the AC power which flows through one branch line and arrives at the corresponding rectifier, the AC power which flows through each of the other n−1 branch lines and arrives at the corresponding rectifier exhibits a phase difference of k×180/n°. | 1. A microwave-rectifying circuit that rectifies AC power, the microwave-rectifying circuit comprising:
an input line to which the AC power is input; a plurality of branch lines that are n branch lines branching from a branch point on an output side of the input line, wherein n is a positive integer equal to or larger than 3; rectifying sections that are disposed in the plurality of branch lines respectively and rectify the AC power that flows through the plurality of branch lines; and phase shifting sections that are disposed upstream of the rectifying sections in at least n−1 branch lines among the plurality of branch lines and shift a phase of the AC power in such a manner that, relative to the AC power that flows through one of the plurality of branch lines and arrives at a corresponding one of the rectifying sections, the AC power that flows through each of the other n−1 branch lines and arrives at corresponding ones of the rectifying sections has a phase difference that differs by k×180/n°, wherein k is a positive integer from 1 to n−1. 2. The microwave-rectifying circuit according to claim 1, wherein the AC power is input to the input line via an antenna. 3. The microwave-rectifying circuit according to claim 1, wherein
each of the phase shifting sections is a distributed constant line, and each of the phase shifting sections is line length adjusting section that makes line length up to the corresponding one of the rectifying sections of each of the plurality of branch lines differ. 4. The microwave-rectifying circuit according to claim 1, wherein each of the phase shifting sections is a lumped constant circuit. | A microwave-rectifying circuit for rectifying AC power is equipped with: an input line into which AC power is inputted; multiple branch lines which branch off from the branching point on the output side of the input line into n lines; rectifiers which rectify the AC power flowing through the branch lines and are positioned in each of the multiple branch lines; and phase shift units which are provided upstream from the rectifier in at least n−1 branch lines among the multiple branch lines, and shift the phase of the AC power in a manner such that relative to the AC power which flows through one branch line and arrives at the corresponding rectifier, the AC power which flows through each of the other n−1 branch lines and arrives at the corresponding rectifier exhibits a phase difference of k×180/n°.1. A microwave-rectifying circuit that rectifies AC power, the microwave-rectifying circuit comprising:
an input line to which the AC power is input; a plurality of branch lines that are n branch lines branching from a branch point on an output side of the input line, wherein n is a positive integer equal to or larger than 3; rectifying sections that are disposed in the plurality of branch lines respectively and rectify the AC power that flows through the plurality of branch lines; and phase shifting sections that are disposed upstream of the rectifying sections in at least n−1 branch lines among the plurality of branch lines and shift a phase of the AC power in such a manner that, relative to the AC power that flows through one of the plurality of branch lines and arrives at a corresponding one of the rectifying sections, the AC power that flows through each of the other n−1 branch lines and arrives at corresponding ones of the rectifying sections has a phase difference that differs by k×180/n°, wherein k is a positive integer from 1 to n−1. 2. The microwave-rectifying circuit according to claim 1, wherein the AC power is input to the input line via an antenna. 3. The microwave-rectifying circuit according to claim 1, wherein
each of the phase shifting sections is a distributed constant line, and each of the phase shifting sections is line length adjusting section that makes line length up to the corresponding one of the rectifying sections of each of the plurality of branch lines differ. 4. The microwave-rectifying circuit according to claim 1, wherein each of the phase shifting sections is a lumped constant circuit. | 2,800 |
342,743 | 16,642,472 | 2,846 | An electronic device according to various embodiments comprises a first image sensor and a second image sensor which is electrically connected to the first image sensor by means of one designated interface. The second image sensor can be configured so as to: receive a first signal, for shifting from a first state to a second state, from the first image sensor; while the first image sensor detects light outside the electronic device by means of a plurality of first pixels, detect the light by means of a plurality of second pixels on the basis of the first signal; receive a second signal, for shifting from the second state to the first state, from the first image sensor; and, while the first image sensor obtains first data corresponding to the light detected by means of the plurality of first pixels, obtain second data corresponding to the light detected by means of the plurality of second pixels on the basis of the second signal. | 1. An electronic device comprising:
a first image sensor; and a second image sensor electrically connected to the first image sensor through a designated interface, wherein the second image sensor is configured to: receive, from the first image sensor, a first signal shifting from a first state to a second state, while the first image sensor detects light outside the electronic device through a plurality of first pixels contained in the first image sensor, detect the light through a plurality of second pixels contained in the second image sensor, based on at least the first signal, receive, from the first image sensor, a second signal shifting from the second state to the first state, and while the first image sensor acquires first data corresponding to the light detected through the plurality of first pixels, acquire second data corresponding to the light detected through the plurality of second pixels, based on at least the second signal. 2. The electronic device of claim 1, further comprising:
a processor functionally connected to the first and second image sensors, wherein the processor is configured to transmit a control command associated with at least one of an exposure time and a readout timing to the first image sensor through inter-integrated circuit (I2C) communication or serial peripheral interface (SPI) communication. 3. The electronic device of claim 2, further comprising:
a display functionally connected to the processor, wherein the processor is configured to: receive the first data from the first image sensor, receive the second data from the second image sensor, and display an image based on at least one of the first data and the second data through the display. 4. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the first and second image sensors are configured to start at least one of operations of detecting the light at a time point when the first signal shifts from the first state to the second state and of acquiring the first and second data corresponding to the light at a time point when the second signal shifts from the second state to the first state. 5. The electronic device of claim 2, wherein the processor is configured to receive the first data and the second data through a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI). 6. An electronic device comprising:
a first image sensor; and a second image sensor electrically connected to the first image sensor through a designated first interface and a designated second interface, wherein the second image sensor is configured to: receive, from the first image sensor through the first interface, a first signal shifting from a first state to a second state, while the first image sensor detects light outside the electronic device through a plurality of first pixels contained in the first image sensor, detect the light through a plurality of second pixels contained in the second image sensor, based on at least the first signal, receive, from the first image sensor through the second interface, a second signal shifting from a third state to a fourth state, and while the first image sensor acquires first data corresponding to the light detected through the plurality of first pixels, acquire second data corresponding to the light detected through the plurality of second pixels, based on at least the second signal. 7. The electronic device of claim 6, further comprising:
a processor functionally connected to the first and second image sensors, wherein the processor is configured to transmit a control command associated with at least one of an exposure time and a readout timing to the first image sensor. 8. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein the processor is configured to transmit the control command associated with at least one of the exposure time and the readout timing to the first image sensor through inter-integrated circuit (I2C) communication or serial peripheral interface (SPI) communication. 9. The electronic device of claim 7, further comprising:
a display functionally connected to the processor, wherein the processor is configured to: receive the first data from the first image sensor, receive the second data from the second image sensor, and display an image based on at least one of the first data and the second data through the display. 10. The electronic device of claim 6, wherein the first and second image sensors are configured to start at least one of operations of detecting the light at a time point when the first signal shifts from the first state to the second state and of acquiring the first and second data corresponding to the light at a time point when the second signal shifts from the third state to the fourth state. 11. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein the processor is configured to receive the first data and the second data through a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI). 12. An electronic device comprising:
a first image sensor; a second image sensor; and a processor electrically connected to the first and second image sensors through a designated interface, wherein the processor is configured to: transmit, to the first and second image sensors through the designated interface, at least one of a first signal shifting from a first state to a second state and a second signal shifting from the second state to the first state, and wherein the first and second image sensors are configured to: detect light outside the electronic device through a plurality of first pixels contained in the first image sensor and a plurality of second pixels contained in the second image sensor, based on at least receiving the first signal through the designated interface, and acquire first data corresponding to the light detected through the plurality of first pixels and second data corresponding to the light detected through the plurality of second pixels, based on at least receiving the second signal through the designated interface. 13. The electronic device of claim 12, further comprising:
a display functionally connected to the processor, wherein the processor is configured to: receive the first data from the first image sensor, receive the second data from the second image sensor, and display an image based on at least one of the first data and the second data through the display. 14. The electronic device of claim 12, wherein the first and second image sensors are configured to start at least one of operations of detecting the light at a time point when the first signal shifts from the first state to the second state and of acquiring the first and second data corresponding to the light at a time point when the first signal shifts from the second state to the first state. 15. The electronic device of claim 13, further comprising:
another designated interface for electrically connecting the processor to at least one of the first and second image sensors, wherein the processor is configured to transmit a control command associated with at least one of an exposure time and a readout timing to at least one of the first and second image sensors through the another designated interface. | An electronic device according to various embodiments comprises a first image sensor and a second image sensor which is electrically connected to the first image sensor by means of one designated interface. The second image sensor can be configured so as to: receive a first signal, for shifting from a first state to a second state, from the first image sensor; while the first image sensor detects light outside the electronic device by means of a plurality of first pixels, detect the light by means of a plurality of second pixels on the basis of the first signal; receive a second signal, for shifting from the second state to the first state, from the first image sensor; and, while the first image sensor obtains first data corresponding to the light detected by means of the plurality of first pixels, obtain second data corresponding to the light detected by means of the plurality of second pixels on the basis of the second signal.1. An electronic device comprising:
a first image sensor; and a second image sensor electrically connected to the first image sensor through a designated interface, wherein the second image sensor is configured to: receive, from the first image sensor, a first signal shifting from a first state to a second state, while the first image sensor detects light outside the electronic device through a plurality of first pixels contained in the first image sensor, detect the light through a plurality of second pixels contained in the second image sensor, based on at least the first signal, receive, from the first image sensor, a second signal shifting from the second state to the first state, and while the first image sensor acquires first data corresponding to the light detected through the plurality of first pixels, acquire second data corresponding to the light detected through the plurality of second pixels, based on at least the second signal. 2. The electronic device of claim 1, further comprising:
a processor functionally connected to the first and second image sensors, wherein the processor is configured to transmit a control command associated with at least one of an exposure time and a readout timing to the first image sensor through inter-integrated circuit (I2C) communication or serial peripheral interface (SPI) communication. 3. The electronic device of claim 2, further comprising:
a display functionally connected to the processor, wherein the processor is configured to: receive the first data from the first image sensor, receive the second data from the second image sensor, and display an image based on at least one of the first data and the second data through the display. 4. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the first and second image sensors are configured to start at least one of operations of detecting the light at a time point when the first signal shifts from the first state to the second state and of acquiring the first and second data corresponding to the light at a time point when the second signal shifts from the second state to the first state. 5. The electronic device of claim 2, wherein the processor is configured to receive the first data and the second data through a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI). 6. An electronic device comprising:
a first image sensor; and a second image sensor electrically connected to the first image sensor through a designated first interface and a designated second interface, wherein the second image sensor is configured to: receive, from the first image sensor through the first interface, a first signal shifting from a first state to a second state, while the first image sensor detects light outside the electronic device through a plurality of first pixels contained in the first image sensor, detect the light through a plurality of second pixels contained in the second image sensor, based on at least the first signal, receive, from the first image sensor through the second interface, a second signal shifting from a third state to a fourth state, and while the first image sensor acquires first data corresponding to the light detected through the plurality of first pixels, acquire second data corresponding to the light detected through the plurality of second pixels, based on at least the second signal. 7. The electronic device of claim 6, further comprising:
a processor functionally connected to the first and second image sensors, wherein the processor is configured to transmit a control command associated with at least one of an exposure time and a readout timing to the first image sensor. 8. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein the processor is configured to transmit the control command associated with at least one of the exposure time and the readout timing to the first image sensor through inter-integrated circuit (I2C) communication or serial peripheral interface (SPI) communication. 9. The electronic device of claim 7, further comprising:
a display functionally connected to the processor, wherein the processor is configured to: receive the first data from the first image sensor, receive the second data from the second image sensor, and display an image based on at least one of the first data and the second data through the display. 10. The electronic device of claim 6, wherein the first and second image sensors are configured to start at least one of operations of detecting the light at a time point when the first signal shifts from the first state to the second state and of acquiring the first and second data corresponding to the light at a time point when the second signal shifts from the third state to the fourth state. 11. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein the processor is configured to receive the first data and the second data through a mobile industry processor interface (MIPI). 12. An electronic device comprising:
a first image sensor; a second image sensor; and a processor electrically connected to the first and second image sensors through a designated interface, wherein the processor is configured to: transmit, to the first and second image sensors through the designated interface, at least one of a first signal shifting from a first state to a second state and a second signal shifting from the second state to the first state, and wherein the first and second image sensors are configured to: detect light outside the electronic device through a plurality of first pixels contained in the first image sensor and a plurality of second pixels contained in the second image sensor, based on at least receiving the first signal through the designated interface, and acquire first data corresponding to the light detected through the plurality of first pixels and second data corresponding to the light detected through the plurality of second pixels, based on at least receiving the second signal through the designated interface. 13. The electronic device of claim 12, further comprising:
a display functionally connected to the processor, wherein the processor is configured to: receive the first data from the first image sensor, receive the second data from the second image sensor, and display an image based on at least one of the first data and the second data through the display. 14. The electronic device of claim 12, wherein the first and second image sensors are configured to start at least one of operations of detecting the light at a time point when the first signal shifts from the first state to the second state and of acquiring the first and second data corresponding to the light at a time point when the first signal shifts from the second state to the first state. 15. The electronic device of claim 13, further comprising:
another designated interface for electrically connecting the processor to at least one of the first and second image sensors, wherein the processor is configured to transmit a control command associated with at least one of an exposure time and a readout timing to at least one of the first and second image sensors through the another designated interface. | 2,800 |
342,744 | 16,642,476 | 2,844 | The indication of an input or output level of an analog signal is given at low production cost and without the need for a wide space to install a configuration for indicating the input or output level. An analog signal input device (1) includes: a voltage detecting section (130) configured to detect an input or output level of an analog signal; and an LED lighting control section (132) configured to control a pattern of light emission of an LED (15) in accordance with the input or output level of the analog signal. | 1. An analog signal input/output device which includes a light emitting element and performs at least one of input and output of an analog signal,
the analog signal input/output device comprising: an input/output level detecting section configured to detect at least one of an input level and an output level of the analog signal; a relative value converting section configured to convert a detected input or output level of the analog signal into a relative value which is a percentage relative to a width of one analog signal input/output level range which has been set through selection from among different analog signal input/output level ranges; and a light emission control section configured to control an on and off pattern of light emission of the light emitting element in accordance with the input level or the output level of the analog signal, the light emission control section being configured to control the on and off pattern of the light emission of the light emitting element in accordance with the relative value. 2. (canceled) 3. The analog signal input/output device according to claim 1, wherein the one analog signal input/output level range is set in response to a selection operation which has been performed by a user and then has been accepted by the analog signal input/output device. 4. The analog signal input/output device according to claim 1, wherein the light emitting element is controlled to emit light even when any signal other than the analog signal is inputted or outputted. 5. A method of controlling an analog signal input/output device which includes a light emitting element and performs at least one of input and output of an analog signal,
the method comprising: an input/output level detecting step of detecting at least one of an input level and an output level of the analog signal; a relative value converting section configured to convert a detected input or output level of the analog signal into a relative value which is a percentage relative to a width of one range which has been set through selection from among different analog signal input/output level ranges; and a light emission controlling step of controlling an on and off pattern of light emission of the light emitting element in accordance with the input level or the output level of the analog signal, the light emission controlling step including controlling the on and off pattern of the light emission of the light emitting element in accordance with the relative value. | The indication of an input or output level of an analog signal is given at low production cost and without the need for a wide space to install a configuration for indicating the input or output level. An analog signal input device (1) includes: a voltage detecting section (130) configured to detect an input or output level of an analog signal; and an LED lighting control section (132) configured to control a pattern of light emission of an LED (15) in accordance with the input or output level of the analog signal.1. An analog signal input/output device which includes a light emitting element and performs at least one of input and output of an analog signal,
the analog signal input/output device comprising: an input/output level detecting section configured to detect at least one of an input level and an output level of the analog signal; a relative value converting section configured to convert a detected input or output level of the analog signal into a relative value which is a percentage relative to a width of one analog signal input/output level range which has been set through selection from among different analog signal input/output level ranges; and a light emission control section configured to control an on and off pattern of light emission of the light emitting element in accordance with the input level or the output level of the analog signal, the light emission control section being configured to control the on and off pattern of the light emission of the light emitting element in accordance with the relative value. 2. (canceled) 3. The analog signal input/output device according to claim 1, wherein the one analog signal input/output level range is set in response to a selection operation which has been performed by a user and then has been accepted by the analog signal input/output device. 4. The analog signal input/output device according to claim 1, wherein the light emitting element is controlled to emit light even when any signal other than the analog signal is inputted or outputted. 5. A method of controlling an analog signal input/output device which includes a light emitting element and performs at least one of input and output of an analog signal,
the method comprising: an input/output level detecting step of detecting at least one of an input level and an output level of the analog signal; a relative value converting section configured to convert a detected input or output level of the analog signal into a relative value which is a percentage relative to a width of one range which has been set through selection from among different analog signal input/output level ranges; and a light emission controlling step of controlling an on and off pattern of light emission of the light emitting element in accordance with the input level or the output level of the analog signal, the light emission controlling step including controlling the on and off pattern of the light emission of the light emitting element in accordance with the relative value. | 2,800 |
342,745 | 16,642,474 | 2,844 | The present invention relates to a flow-through device comprising at least one separation column wherein a first packing component, which comprises particles of alumina and/or silica, and a second packing component, which comprises a powder of one or more hygroscopic salts are provided. The two packing components may be blended or layered in the device, which may comprise a single tube or a plurality of tubes arranged in a plate format, such as the wells of a multiwall plate or tubes in a rack. In addition, the invention relates to a method for removing one or more matrix components, such as pigments, from a biological sample, by passing said sample across a first packing component, which comprises particles of alumina and/or silica, and a second packing component, which comprises a powder of one or more hygroscopic salts. | 1. A flow-through device comprising at least one separation column wherein a first packing component, which comprises particles of alumina and/or silica, and a second packing component, which comprises a powder of one or more hygroscopic salts, are provided. 2. A device according to claim 1, wherein the first packing component comprises alumina and/or functionalised silica. 3. A device according to claim 2, wherein the silica comprises one or more functionalities selected from the group consisting of linear carbon chains having 4-18 carbon atoms; carboxylic groups; metal chelating groups; and ion-exchanging groups. 4. A device according claim 1, wherein the powder of hygroscopic salt(s) comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of magnesium sulphate; sodium sulphate; sodium acetate, sodium citrate; sodium citrate sesquihydrate; sodium chloride; and magnesium oxide. 5. A device according to claim 4, wherein the second packing component is a mixture of magnesium sulphate and sodium acetate. 6. A device according claim 1, wherein the packing components are limited to a first packing component of silica; and a second packing component of magnesium sulphate and sodium acetate. 7. A device according claim 1, wherein the column comprises a bottom frit and a top frit arranged at opposite sides of the first packing component and the second packing component. 8. A device according to claim 1, wherein the first packing component and the second packing component are arranged as separate layers in the column. 9. A device according to claim 8, wherein the first packing component and the second packing component have been separated by a middle frit. 10. A device according claim 1, wherein the first packing component and the second packing component are provided as a blend in the column. 11. A device according claim 1, wherein said at least one column is a tube. 12. A device according to claim 1, which comprises a plurality of columns arranged on a plate. 13. A device according to claim 1, wherein the column comprises a hydrophobic top frit arranged upstream of the first packing component and the second packing component. 14. A method for removing one or more matrix components from a biological sample, wherein said matrix components are one or more selected from the group consisting of urea; uric acid; phospholipids; amino acids; creatine, heme degradation products such as urobillin; and endogenous salts; which method comprises passing said sample across a first packing component, which comprises particles of alumina and/or silica, and a second packing component, which comprises a powder of one or more hygroscopic salts. 15. A method according to claim 14, wherein the sample is urine. 16. A method according to claim 14, wherein the sample is an oral liquid, such as saliva. 17. A method according to claim 14, which method comprises passing the sample across a hydrophobic material before being passed across the first and second packing components. 18. Use of a mixture of a first packing component, which comprises particles of alumina and/or silica, and a second packing component, which comprises a powder of one or more hygroscopic salts, for the removal of one or more matrix components from a biological sample. 19. Use according to claim 18, wherein at least one matrix component removed is a pigment and the sample is urine. 20. Use of a device according to claim 1 for preparation of a urine sample prior to analysis, such as mass spectrometry. | The present invention relates to a flow-through device comprising at least one separation column wherein a first packing component, which comprises particles of alumina and/or silica, and a second packing component, which comprises a powder of one or more hygroscopic salts are provided. The two packing components may be blended or layered in the device, which may comprise a single tube or a plurality of tubes arranged in a plate format, such as the wells of a multiwall plate or tubes in a rack. In addition, the invention relates to a method for removing one or more matrix components, such as pigments, from a biological sample, by passing said sample across a first packing component, which comprises particles of alumina and/or silica, and a second packing component, which comprises a powder of one or more hygroscopic salts.1. A flow-through device comprising at least one separation column wherein a first packing component, which comprises particles of alumina and/or silica, and a second packing component, which comprises a powder of one or more hygroscopic salts, are provided. 2. A device according to claim 1, wherein the first packing component comprises alumina and/or functionalised silica. 3. A device according to claim 2, wherein the silica comprises one or more functionalities selected from the group consisting of linear carbon chains having 4-18 carbon atoms; carboxylic groups; metal chelating groups; and ion-exchanging groups. 4. A device according claim 1, wherein the powder of hygroscopic salt(s) comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of magnesium sulphate; sodium sulphate; sodium acetate, sodium citrate; sodium citrate sesquihydrate; sodium chloride; and magnesium oxide. 5. A device according to claim 4, wherein the second packing component is a mixture of magnesium sulphate and sodium acetate. 6. A device according claim 1, wherein the packing components are limited to a first packing component of silica; and a second packing component of magnesium sulphate and sodium acetate. 7. A device according claim 1, wherein the column comprises a bottom frit and a top frit arranged at opposite sides of the first packing component and the second packing component. 8. A device according to claim 1, wherein the first packing component and the second packing component are arranged as separate layers in the column. 9. A device according to claim 8, wherein the first packing component and the second packing component have been separated by a middle frit. 10. A device according claim 1, wherein the first packing component and the second packing component are provided as a blend in the column. 11. A device according claim 1, wherein said at least one column is a tube. 12. A device according to claim 1, which comprises a plurality of columns arranged on a plate. 13. A device according to claim 1, wherein the column comprises a hydrophobic top frit arranged upstream of the first packing component and the second packing component. 14. A method for removing one or more matrix components from a biological sample, wherein said matrix components are one or more selected from the group consisting of urea; uric acid; phospholipids; amino acids; creatine, heme degradation products such as urobillin; and endogenous salts; which method comprises passing said sample across a first packing component, which comprises particles of alumina and/or silica, and a second packing component, which comprises a powder of one or more hygroscopic salts. 15. A method according to claim 14, wherein the sample is urine. 16. A method according to claim 14, wherein the sample is an oral liquid, such as saliva. 17. A method according to claim 14, which method comprises passing the sample across a hydrophobic material before being passed across the first and second packing components. 18. Use of a mixture of a first packing component, which comprises particles of alumina and/or silica, and a second packing component, which comprises a powder of one or more hygroscopic salts, for the removal of one or more matrix components from a biological sample. 19. Use according to claim 18, wherein at least one matrix component removed is a pigment and the sample is urine. 20. Use of a device according to claim 1 for preparation of a urine sample prior to analysis, such as mass spectrometry. | 2,800 |
342,746 | 16,642,485 | 2,431 | The present invention relates to a security socket layer decryption method, and relates to a technique which: senses a packet, relating to an SSL handshake for establishing an SSL connection between a client and a server, after a transmission control protocol (TCP) session is set up between the client and the server in an SSL decryption device; configures SSL between the client and the SSL decryption device; configures SSL between the SSL decryption device and the server; sets up a TCP session between a virtual client corresponding to the client and a virtual server responding to the server; transmits packets transmitted and received between the virtual client and the virtual server to a security device when setting up the TCP session; and upon receiving a first SSL packet delivered to the SSL decryption device from the client, decrypts and transmits the first SSL packet to the security device, and re-encrypts and transmits the decrypted first SSL packet to the server. | 1. A secure sockets layer (SSL) decryption method in an SSL decryption device, the method comprising:
after a transmission control protocol (TCP) session between a client and a server is set up, detecting a packet about an SSL handshake for establishing an SSL connection between the client and the server; configuring an SSL between the client and the SSL decryption device and configuring an SSL between the SSL decryption device and the server; setting up a TCP session between a virtual client corresponding to the client and a virtual server corresponding to the server and transmitting a packet transmitted and received between the virtual client and the virtual server when setting up the TCP session to a security device; and when receiving a first SSL packet transmitted from the client to the SSL decryption device, decrypting and transmitting the first SSL packet to the security device and re-encrypting and transmitting the decrypted first SSL packet to the server. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the decrypting and transmitting of the first SSL packet to the security device and the re-encrypting and transmitting of the decrypted first SSL packet to the server includes:
when receiving the first SSL packet transmitted from the client to the SSL decryption device, decrypting the first SSL packet; generating a first TCP packet including a payload of the decrypted first SSL packet transmitted from the virtual client to the virtual server; transmitting the first TCP packet to the security device; generating a second SSL packet including a payload of the decrypted first SSL packet; and transmitting the second SSL packet to the server. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
when receiving a third SSL packet transmitted from the server to the SSL decryption device, decrypting and transmitting the third SSL packet to the security device and re-encrypting and transmitting the decrypted third SSL packet to the client. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the decrypting and transmitting of the third SSL packet to the security device and the re-encrypting and transmitting of the decrypted third SSL packet to the client includes:
when receiving the third SSL packet transmitted from the server to the SSL decryption device, decrypting the third SSL packet; generating a second TCP packet including a payload of the decrypted third SSL packet transmitted from the virtual server to the virtual client; transmitting the second TCP packet to the security device; generating a fourth SSL packet including a payload of the decrypted third SSL packet; and transmitting the fourth packet to the client. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
when it is detected that the TCP session between the client and the server is ended, ending the TCP session between the virtual client and the virtual server and transmitting a packet transmitted and received between the virtual client and the virtual server when ending the TCP session to the security device. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
when receiving a request to transmit a message to the client from the security device, generating and transmitting a fifth SSL packet including the message to the client. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the request to transmit the message to the client from the security device is determined as a request to transmit the message to the client from the security device when receiving a FIN packet including the message transmitted to the client from the security device and when receiving an RST packet transmitted to the server from the security device. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
when receiving a request to disconnect the connection between the client and the server from the security device, disconnecting the connection between the client and the server; and ending the TCP session between the virtual client and the virtual server and transmitting a packet transmitted and received between the virtual client and the virtual server when ending the TCP session to the security device. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the request to disconnect the connection between the client and the server from the security device is determined as a request to disconnect the connection between the client and the server when receiving an RST packet transmitted to each of the client and the server from the security device. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the setting up of the TCP session between the virtual client corresponding to the client and the virtual server corresponding to the server and the transmitting of the packet transmitted and received between the virtual client and the virtual server when setting up the TCP session to the security device includes:
matching and storing five tuples of the virtual client, corresponding to five tuples of the client, and matching and storing five tuples of the virtual server, corresponding to five tuples of the server. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein client IPs, server IPs, and server ports have the same value as each other and client ports have different values from each other, when comparing information of the TCP session which is set up between the client and the server with information of the TCP session which is set up between the virtual client and the virtual server. 12. A computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform a secure sockets layer (SSL) decryption method in an SSL decryption device, the method comprising:
after a transmission control protocol (TCP) session between a client and a server is set up, detecting a packet about an SSL handshake for establishing an SSL connection between the client and the server; configuring an SSL between the client and the SSL decryption device and configuring an SSL between the SSL decryption device and the server; setting up a TCP session between a virtual client corresponding to the client and a virtual server corresponding to the server and transmitting a packet transmitted and received between the virtual client and the virtual server when setting up the TCP session to a security device; and when receiving a first SSL packet transmitted from the client to the SSL decryption device, decrypting and transmitting the first SSL packet to the security device and re-encrypting and transmitting the decrypted first SSL packet to the server. 13. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 12, wherein the decrypting and transmitting of the first SSL packet to the security device and the re-encrypting and transmitting of the decrypted first SSL packet to the server includes:
when receiving the first SSL packet transmitted from the client to the SSL decryption device, decrypting the first SSL packet; generating a first TCP packet including a payload of the decrypted first SSL packet transmitted from the virtual client to the virtual server; transmitting the first TCP packet to the security device; generating a second SSL packet including a payload of the decrypted first SSL packet; and transmitting the second SSL packet to the server. 14. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 12, further comprising:
when receiving a third SSL packet transmitted from the server to the SSL decryption device, decrypting and transmitting the third SSL packet to the security device and re-encrypting and transmitting the decrypted third SSL packet to the client. 15. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 14, wherein the decrypting and transmitting of the third SSL packet to the security device and the re-encrypting and transmitting of the decrypted third SSL packet to the client includes:
when receiving the third SSL packet transmitted from the server to the SSL decryption device, decrypting the third SSL packet; generating a second TCP packet including a payload of the decrypted third SSL packet transmitted from the virtual server to the virtual client; transmitting the second TCP packet to the security device; generating a fourth SSL packet including a payload of the decrypted third SSL packet; and transmitting the fourth packet to the client. 16. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 12, further comprising:
when it is detected that the TCP session between the client and the server is ended, ending the TCP session between the virtual client and the virtual server and transmitting a packet transmitted and received between the virtual client and the virtual server when ending the TCP session to the security device. 17. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 12, further comprising:
when receiving a request to transmit a message to the client from the security device, generating and transmitting a fifth SSL packet including the message to the client. 18. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the request to transmit the message to the client from the security device is determined as a request to transmit the message to the client from the security device when receiving a FIN packet including the message transmitted to the client from the security device and when receiving an RST packet transmitted to the server from the security device. 19. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 12, further comprising:
when receiving a request to disconnect the connection between the client and the server from the security device, disconnecting the connection between the client and the server; and ending the TCP session between the virtual client and the virtual server and transmitting a packet transmitted and received between the virtual client and the virtual server when ending the TCP session to the security device. 20. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 19, wherein the request to disconnect the connection between the client and the server from the security device is determined as a request to disconnect the connection between the client and the server when receiving an RST packet transmitted to each of the client and the server from the security device. | The present invention relates to a security socket layer decryption method, and relates to a technique which: senses a packet, relating to an SSL handshake for establishing an SSL connection between a client and a server, after a transmission control protocol (TCP) session is set up between the client and the server in an SSL decryption device; configures SSL between the client and the SSL decryption device; configures SSL between the SSL decryption device and the server; sets up a TCP session between a virtual client corresponding to the client and a virtual server responding to the server; transmits packets transmitted and received between the virtual client and the virtual server to a security device when setting up the TCP session; and upon receiving a first SSL packet delivered to the SSL decryption device from the client, decrypts and transmits the first SSL packet to the security device, and re-encrypts and transmits the decrypted first SSL packet to the server.1. A secure sockets layer (SSL) decryption method in an SSL decryption device, the method comprising:
after a transmission control protocol (TCP) session between a client and a server is set up, detecting a packet about an SSL handshake for establishing an SSL connection between the client and the server; configuring an SSL between the client and the SSL decryption device and configuring an SSL between the SSL decryption device and the server; setting up a TCP session between a virtual client corresponding to the client and a virtual server corresponding to the server and transmitting a packet transmitted and received between the virtual client and the virtual server when setting up the TCP session to a security device; and when receiving a first SSL packet transmitted from the client to the SSL decryption device, decrypting and transmitting the first SSL packet to the security device and re-encrypting and transmitting the decrypted first SSL packet to the server. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the decrypting and transmitting of the first SSL packet to the security device and the re-encrypting and transmitting of the decrypted first SSL packet to the server includes:
when receiving the first SSL packet transmitted from the client to the SSL decryption device, decrypting the first SSL packet; generating a first TCP packet including a payload of the decrypted first SSL packet transmitted from the virtual client to the virtual server; transmitting the first TCP packet to the security device; generating a second SSL packet including a payload of the decrypted first SSL packet; and transmitting the second SSL packet to the server. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
when receiving a third SSL packet transmitted from the server to the SSL decryption device, decrypting and transmitting the third SSL packet to the security device and re-encrypting and transmitting the decrypted third SSL packet to the client. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the decrypting and transmitting of the third SSL packet to the security device and the re-encrypting and transmitting of the decrypted third SSL packet to the client includes:
when receiving the third SSL packet transmitted from the server to the SSL decryption device, decrypting the third SSL packet; generating a second TCP packet including a payload of the decrypted third SSL packet transmitted from the virtual server to the virtual client; transmitting the second TCP packet to the security device; generating a fourth SSL packet including a payload of the decrypted third SSL packet; and transmitting the fourth packet to the client. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
when it is detected that the TCP session between the client and the server is ended, ending the TCP session between the virtual client and the virtual server and transmitting a packet transmitted and received between the virtual client and the virtual server when ending the TCP session to the security device. 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
when receiving a request to transmit a message to the client from the security device, generating and transmitting a fifth SSL packet including the message to the client. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the request to transmit the message to the client from the security device is determined as a request to transmit the message to the client from the security device when receiving a FIN packet including the message transmitted to the client from the security device and when receiving an RST packet transmitted to the server from the security device. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
when receiving a request to disconnect the connection between the client and the server from the security device, disconnecting the connection between the client and the server; and ending the TCP session between the virtual client and the virtual server and transmitting a packet transmitted and received between the virtual client and the virtual server when ending the TCP session to the security device. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the request to disconnect the connection between the client and the server from the security device is determined as a request to disconnect the connection between the client and the server when receiving an RST packet transmitted to each of the client and the server from the security device. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the setting up of the TCP session between the virtual client corresponding to the client and the virtual server corresponding to the server and the transmitting of the packet transmitted and received between the virtual client and the virtual server when setting up the TCP session to the security device includes:
matching and storing five tuples of the virtual client, corresponding to five tuples of the client, and matching and storing five tuples of the virtual server, corresponding to five tuples of the server. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein client IPs, server IPs, and server ports have the same value as each other and client ports have different values from each other, when comparing information of the TCP session which is set up between the client and the server with information of the TCP session which is set up between the virtual client and the virtual server. 12. A computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform a secure sockets layer (SSL) decryption method in an SSL decryption device, the method comprising:
after a transmission control protocol (TCP) session between a client and a server is set up, detecting a packet about an SSL handshake for establishing an SSL connection between the client and the server; configuring an SSL between the client and the SSL decryption device and configuring an SSL between the SSL decryption device and the server; setting up a TCP session between a virtual client corresponding to the client and a virtual server corresponding to the server and transmitting a packet transmitted and received between the virtual client and the virtual server when setting up the TCP session to a security device; and when receiving a first SSL packet transmitted from the client to the SSL decryption device, decrypting and transmitting the first SSL packet to the security device and re-encrypting and transmitting the decrypted first SSL packet to the server. 13. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 12, wherein the decrypting and transmitting of the first SSL packet to the security device and the re-encrypting and transmitting of the decrypted first SSL packet to the server includes:
when receiving the first SSL packet transmitted from the client to the SSL decryption device, decrypting the first SSL packet; generating a first TCP packet including a payload of the decrypted first SSL packet transmitted from the virtual client to the virtual server; transmitting the first TCP packet to the security device; generating a second SSL packet including a payload of the decrypted first SSL packet; and transmitting the second SSL packet to the server. 14. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 12, further comprising:
when receiving a third SSL packet transmitted from the server to the SSL decryption device, decrypting and transmitting the third SSL packet to the security device and re-encrypting and transmitting the decrypted third SSL packet to the client. 15. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 14, wherein the decrypting and transmitting of the third SSL packet to the security device and the re-encrypting and transmitting of the decrypted third SSL packet to the client includes:
when receiving the third SSL packet transmitted from the server to the SSL decryption device, decrypting the third SSL packet; generating a second TCP packet including a payload of the decrypted third SSL packet transmitted from the virtual server to the virtual client; transmitting the second TCP packet to the security device; generating a fourth SSL packet including a payload of the decrypted third SSL packet; and transmitting the fourth packet to the client. 16. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 12, further comprising:
when it is detected that the TCP session between the client and the server is ended, ending the TCP session between the virtual client and the virtual server and transmitting a packet transmitted and received between the virtual client and the virtual server when ending the TCP session to the security device. 17. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 12, further comprising:
when receiving a request to transmit a message to the client from the security device, generating and transmitting a fifth SSL packet including the message to the client. 18. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the request to transmit the message to the client from the security device is determined as a request to transmit the message to the client from the security device when receiving a FIN packet including the message transmitted to the client from the security device and when receiving an RST packet transmitted to the server from the security device. 19. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 12, further comprising:
when receiving a request to disconnect the connection between the client and the server from the security device, disconnecting the connection between the client and the server; and ending the TCP session between the virtual client and the virtual server and transmitting a packet transmitted and received between the virtual client and the virtual server when ending the TCP session to the security device. 20. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 19, wherein the request to disconnect the connection between the client and the server from the security device is determined as a request to disconnect the connection between the client and the server when receiving an RST packet transmitted to each of the client and the server from the security device. | 2,400 |
342,747 | 16,642,480 | 2,431 | A method of making a composite elastic laminate is provided where an elastic layer is stretched in the machine-direction and while in a stretched state is fed into a grooved-roll assembly, together with outer facing layers, for imparting simultaneous cross-direction stretching forces to the superposed layers. The bi-directional stretching forces causes the elastic layer to tear and/or rupture allowing the laminate to be bonded in areas where the elastic layer has been displaced. Upon relaxation, a composite elastic laminate is provided having excellent breathability and elastic properties. | 1. A method of making an elastic laminate comprising:
stretching an elastic sheet in a first direction so as to be in a stretched state, said elastic sheet having first and second sides and comprising a thermoplastic elastomer; superposing a first fabric with the elastic sheet wherein the first fabric lies adjacent the first side of the elastic sheet, said first fabric comprising thermoplastic polymer fibers; superposing a second fabric with the elastic sheet wherein the second fabric lies adjacent the second side of the elastic sheet, said second fabric comprising thermoplastic polymer fibers; heating at least one of the elastic sheet, first fabric or second fabric; while the elastic sheet is in a stretched state relative to the first direction, engaging the superposed elastic sheet, first fabric and second fabric with an inter-meshing first and second set of ridges wherein the inter-meshing first and second set of ridges (i) stretch discrete segments of the superposed elastic film, first fabric and second fabric in a second direction substantially orthogonal to the first direction, (ii) displace the first sheet in columnar regions extending substantially in the first direction and (iii) forms inter-layer bonds with the first and second fabrics thereby forming a laminate; allowing the laminate to retract in the machine direction wherein the first fabric and second fabric form gathers and thereby forming an elastic laminate. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the first set of ridges are each provided having between about 0.25 ridges per cm and about 7 ridges per cm. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein said elastic sheet is stretched at least 2.5× in the first direction and further wherein said elastic sheet is in a stretched state of at least 2.5× in the first direction when engaged by the first and second inter-meshing ridges. 4. The method of claim 1 wherein said inter-meshing first and second ridges substantially continuously displace the elastic sheet along columnar regions extending along the first direction and wherein bonds between the first and second fabrics are formed in the areas where the elastic sheet has been displaced. 5. The method of claim 4 wherein said inter-meshing first and second ridges displace the elastic sheet by substantially continuously tearing the elastic sheet forming band-like segments extending in the machine direction and allowing the band-like segments retract in the second direction. 6. The method of claim 5 wherein the band-like segments extend along at least about 70% of the length of the elastic laminate in the first direction. 7. The method of claim 5 wherein the band-like segments are located within the laminate in a frequency of between about 0.5-14 per cm. 8. The method of claim 5 wherein the elastic laminate has elastic band-like segments that comprises between about 10% and about 40% by weight of the elastic laminate. 9. The method of claim 1 wherein said elastic sheet comprises a film and further wherein the inter-meshing first and second ridges substantially continuously or continuously displace the elastic sheet along columnar regions extending along the first direction forming first and second regions and wherein the first segments of the elastic film are strewn with irregular, randomly positioned apertures and the second segments of the elastic sheet are substantially devoid of apertures. 10. The method of claim 9 wherein the first segments of the elastic sheet have a plurality of micro-furrows extending substantially in the second direction. 11. The method of claim 1 wherein the softening point of the elastomeric sheet is lower than the softening point of the thermoplastic fibers. 12. The method of 11 further comprising heating the elastic sheet immediately prior to and/or during engagement with the ridges. 13. A method of making an elastic laminate comprising:
providing a first sheet comprising an elastic film having first and second sides and comprising a thermoplastic polymer; providing a second sheet comprising a nonwoven web of thermoplastic polymer fibers; directing the first sheet through a first roller assembly, said first roller assembly rotating at a first circumferential speed; after the first sheet exits the first roller assembly, superposing the second sheet with the first sheet wherein the second sheet lies adjacent the first side of the first sheet, the superposed sheets forming a sheet stack; heating at least one of the first and second sheets; directing the sheet stack in to a second roller assembly including a pair of grooved rolls, wherein the grooved rolls are spaced apart from another and each of the grooved rolls have a series of inter-meshing ridges and grooves and wherein the grooved rolls rotate at a second circumferential speed that is higher than the speed of the first roller assembly, and further wherein the ridges engage the sheet stack and thereby (i) causing the first sheet to elongate in the machine direction as it travels between the first and second roller assemblies, (ii) stretching the first and second sheets in the cross direction, (iii) regionally displacing the first sheet, and (iv) thermally bonding the sheets to one another to form a laminate; removing the laminate from the second roller assembly and allowing the laminate to retract in the machine direction thereby forming gathers within the second sheet and an elastic laminate. 14. The method of claim 13 further comprising:
providing a third sheet comprising a nonwoven web of thermoplastic fibers;
after the first sheet exits the first roller assembly, superposing the third sheet with the first sheet wherein the third sheet lies adjacent the second side of the first sheet, whereby the superposed first, second and third sheets form a sheet stack; and
when the laminate is allowed to retract in the machine direction, gathers form within both the first and second sheets. 15. The method of claim 14 wherein the second and third layers are directly bonded to one another in areas where the first sheet has been displaced. 16. The method of claim 13 wherein the second circumferential speed of the second roller assembly is at least 150% of the first circumferential seed of the first roller assembly. 17. The method of claim 13 wherein the first sheet is stretched at least 2.5× in the machine direction between the first roller assembly and the second roller assembly. 18. The method of claim 13 wherein the elastic laminate has a plurality of alternating first and second rows, the first rows corresponding to the areas that engaged the ridges of the grooved rolls and the second rows corresponding to the areas that were unengaged by the ridges, and wherein the second rows have a greater basis weight than the first rows. 19. The method of claim 13 wherein the temperature of at least one of the grooved rolls is at least 5° C. higher than the softening point of the elastomeric film. 20. The method of claim 19 wherein the second and third sheets comprise a thermoplastic polymer composition having a softening point at least 10° C. higher than the first sheet. | A method of making a composite elastic laminate is provided where an elastic layer is stretched in the machine-direction and while in a stretched state is fed into a grooved-roll assembly, together with outer facing layers, for imparting simultaneous cross-direction stretching forces to the superposed layers. The bi-directional stretching forces causes the elastic layer to tear and/or rupture allowing the laminate to be bonded in areas where the elastic layer has been displaced. Upon relaxation, a composite elastic laminate is provided having excellent breathability and elastic properties.1. A method of making an elastic laminate comprising:
stretching an elastic sheet in a first direction so as to be in a stretched state, said elastic sheet having first and second sides and comprising a thermoplastic elastomer; superposing a first fabric with the elastic sheet wherein the first fabric lies adjacent the first side of the elastic sheet, said first fabric comprising thermoplastic polymer fibers; superposing a second fabric with the elastic sheet wherein the second fabric lies adjacent the second side of the elastic sheet, said second fabric comprising thermoplastic polymer fibers; heating at least one of the elastic sheet, first fabric or second fabric; while the elastic sheet is in a stretched state relative to the first direction, engaging the superposed elastic sheet, first fabric and second fabric with an inter-meshing first and second set of ridges wherein the inter-meshing first and second set of ridges (i) stretch discrete segments of the superposed elastic film, first fabric and second fabric in a second direction substantially orthogonal to the first direction, (ii) displace the first sheet in columnar regions extending substantially in the first direction and (iii) forms inter-layer bonds with the first and second fabrics thereby forming a laminate; allowing the laminate to retract in the machine direction wherein the first fabric and second fabric form gathers and thereby forming an elastic laminate. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the first set of ridges are each provided having between about 0.25 ridges per cm and about 7 ridges per cm. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein said elastic sheet is stretched at least 2.5× in the first direction and further wherein said elastic sheet is in a stretched state of at least 2.5× in the first direction when engaged by the first and second inter-meshing ridges. 4. The method of claim 1 wherein said inter-meshing first and second ridges substantially continuously displace the elastic sheet along columnar regions extending along the first direction and wherein bonds between the first and second fabrics are formed in the areas where the elastic sheet has been displaced. 5. The method of claim 4 wherein said inter-meshing first and second ridges displace the elastic sheet by substantially continuously tearing the elastic sheet forming band-like segments extending in the machine direction and allowing the band-like segments retract in the second direction. 6. The method of claim 5 wherein the band-like segments extend along at least about 70% of the length of the elastic laminate in the first direction. 7. The method of claim 5 wherein the band-like segments are located within the laminate in a frequency of between about 0.5-14 per cm. 8. The method of claim 5 wherein the elastic laminate has elastic band-like segments that comprises between about 10% and about 40% by weight of the elastic laminate. 9. The method of claim 1 wherein said elastic sheet comprises a film and further wherein the inter-meshing first and second ridges substantially continuously or continuously displace the elastic sheet along columnar regions extending along the first direction forming first and second regions and wherein the first segments of the elastic film are strewn with irregular, randomly positioned apertures and the second segments of the elastic sheet are substantially devoid of apertures. 10. The method of claim 9 wherein the first segments of the elastic sheet have a plurality of micro-furrows extending substantially in the second direction. 11. The method of claim 1 wherein the softening point of the elastomeric sheet is lower than the softening point of the thermoplastic fibers. 12. The method of 11 further comprising heating the elastic sheet immediately prior to and/or during engagement with the ridges. 13. A method of making an elastic laminate comprising:
providing a first sheet comprising an elastic film having first and second sides and comprising a thermoplastic polymer; providing a second sheet comprising a nonwoven web of thermoplastic polymer fibers; directing the first sheet through a first roller assembly, said first roller assembly rotating at a first circumferential speed; after the first sheet exits the first roller assembly, superposing the second sheet with the first sheet wherein the second sheet lies adjacent the first side of the first sheet, the superposed sheets forming a sheet stack; heating at least one of the first and second sheets; directing the sheet stack in to a second roller assembly including a pair of grooved rolls, wherein the grooved rolls are spaced apart from another and each of the grooved rolls have a series of inter-meshing ridges and grooves and wherein the grooved rolls rotate at a second circumferential speed that is higher than the speed of the first roller assembly, and further wherein the ridges engage the sheet stack and thereby (i) causing the first sheet to elongate in the machine direction as it travels between the first and second roller assemblies, (ii) stretching the first and second sheets in the cross direction, (iii) regionally displacing the first sheet, and (iv) thermally bonding the sheets to one another to form a laminate; removing the laminate from the second roller assembly and allowing the laminate to retract in the machine direction thereby forming gathers within the second sheet and an elastic laminate. 14. The method of claim 13 further comprising:
providing a third sheet comprising a nonwoven web of thermoplastic fibers;
after the first sheet exits the first roller assembly, superposing the third sheet with the first sheet wherein the third sheet lies adjacent the second side of the first sheet, whereby the superposed first, second and third sheets form a sheet stack; and
when the laminate is allowed to retract in the machine direction, gathers form within both the first and second sheets. 15. The method of claim 14 wherein the second and third layers are directly bonded to one another in areas where the first sheet has been displaced. 16. The method of claim 13 wherein the second circumferential speed of the second roller assembly is at least 150% of the first circumferential seed of the first roller assembly. 17. The method of claim 13 wherein the first sheet is stretched at least 2.5× in the machine direction between the first roller assembly and the second roller assembly. 18. The method of claim 13 wherein the elastic laminate has a plurality of alternating first and second rows, the first rows corresponding to the areas that engaged the ridges of the grooved rolls and the second rows corresponding to the areas that were unengaged by the ridges, and wherein the second rows have a greater basis weight than the first rows. 19. The method of claim 13 wherein the temperature of at least one of the grooved rolls is at least 5° C. higher than the softening point of the elastomeric film. 20. The method of claim 19 wherein the second and third sheets comprise a thermoplastic polymer composition having a softening point at least 10° C. higher than the first sheet. | 2,400 |
342,748 | 16,642,459 | 2,431 | The present disclosure relates to a metering and mixing device including a cartridge holder (1) and a cartridge (2). A surface-to-surface, and also positive and non-positive connection exists between the cartridge and the holder. The present disclosure also relates to a method for coating substrates with two- or multicomponent coating media, in which the metering and mixing device is used. | 1. Motoring A metering and mixing device comprising:
i. a cartridge holder comprising: (a) a receiving container for multichamber cartridges; and (b) a compressed air connection and a connection for an application device; and ii. a multichamber cartridge inserted into the cartridge holder according to i., wherein said cartridge comprises the following sections: an upper section, comprising a directional control valve; a central section, comprising a space which is extended in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cartridge and is fitted with static mixing elements, and also at least two adjacent chambers, wherein the chambers are arranged so as to be extended in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cartridge, and adjacent chambers are separated from one another by a common partition wall, and each chamber is connected to the upper section by in each case at least one opening; and a lower section, which comprises a piston for each of the chambers, wherein the pistons close off the chambers leaktightly from below and are connected to one another by cutting devices, and the cutting devices are arranged in such a way that they are capable of severing the common partition wall of respective adjacent chambers when the pistons are moved in the direction of the upper section, 2. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the multichamber cartridge is embodied as a coaxial cartridge and comprises the following sections:
an upper section, comprising a directional control valve; a central section, the center of which is designed, in the direction of the longitudinal axis, as an extended space fitted with static mixing elements, and the space is surrounded by at least two chambers, wherein the chambers are arranged so as to be extended in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cartridge and are arranged coaxially with respect to one another and with respect to the space, and adjacent chambers are separated from one another by a common partition wall, and each chamber is connected to the upper section by in each case at least one opening; and a lower section, which comprises a piston for each of the chambers, wherein the pistons close off the chambers leaktightly from below and are connected to one another by cutting devices, and the cutting devices are arranged in such a way that they are capable of severing the common partition wall of respective adjacent chambers when the pistons are moved in the direction of the upper section. 3. The metering and mixing device according to claim 2, wherein the coaxial cartridge has a tubular space and two chambers, and the space and the chambers are formed by a coaxial arrangement of three tubes, wherein an inner tube surrounds the tubular space, the outer surface of the inner tube and the inner surface of the central tube form a first chamber, which is closed off in the direction of the lower section by a first piston and is closed off in the direction of the upper section by an opening leading to the upper section, and the outer surface of the central tube and the inner surface of the outer tube form a second chamber, which is closed off in the direction of the lower section by a second piston and is closed off in the direction of the upper section by an opening leading to the upper section. 4. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the space also extends through the lower section of the multichamber cartridge and has a fluid-carrying connection to the connection. 5. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the cutting devices are embodied in the form of wedge-shaped gaps. 6. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein a premixing chamber is integrated into the directional control valve. 7. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the central section of the multichamber cartridge accounts for at least 60%, of the total length of the cartridge. 8. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the receiving container of the cartridge holder is designed as a receiving shell, and the cartridge holder thus only partially covers the cartridge arranged therein. 9. The metering and mixing device according to claim 8, wherein the cartridge holder covers only the lower section or the lower section and a lower partial region of the central section of the cartridge. 10. The metering and mixing device according to claim 8, wherein the means for producing the reversible joint-type connection are arranged in such a way that, relative to the cartridge, the at least one joint is set up in a lower partial region of the central section thereof and/or an upper partial region of the lower section thereof. 11. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the cartridge has a label on the large-area outer wall thereof. 12. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the surface-to-surface, positive and non-positive connection including the entire circumference of the cartridge and of the surface-to-surface exclusively positive connection including the entire circumference of the cartridge extends over an upper partial region of the lower section of the cartridge and/or a lower partial region of the central section. 13. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein, in addition to the surface-to-surface, positive and non-positive connection including the entire circumference of the cartridge, a surface-to-surface, exclusively positive connection including the entire circumference of the cartridge is furthermore present. 14. The metering and mixing device according to claim 13, wherein the entire surface of the surface-to-surface, a positive and non-positive connection including the entire circumference of the cartridge and of the surface-to-surface, exclusively positive connection including the entire circumference of the cartridge extends over no more than 30%, of the total length of the cartridge. 15. A method for delivering, metering and mixing two or more components, characterized in that a metering and mixing device according to claim 1 is used to carry out the method. 16. A method for coating substrates with two- or multicomponent coating media, characterized in that, to apply a coating, the metering and mixing device according to claim 1 is connected to a paint spray gun, the components are delivered pneumatically into the upper section of the metering and mixing device and delivered in the opposite direction through the static mixing elements, being mixed in the process, and the resulting homogeneous mixture of the components is then fed to the paint spray gun and applied via the latter to the substrate. 17. The method according to claim 16, wherein application is interrupted once or several times, the multichamber cartridge is cleaned during the interruption of the application, and the application is continued after the cleaning of the multichamber cartridge, using the same multichamber cartridge or a different multichamber cartridge of identical construction. | The present disclosure relates to a metering and mixing device including a cartridge holder (1) and a cartridge (2). A surface-to-surface, and also positive and non-positive connection exists between the cartridge and the holder. The present disclosure also relates to a method for coating substrates with two- or multicomponent coating media, in which the metering and mixing device is used.1. Motoring A metering and mixing device comprising:
i. a cartridge holder comprising: (a) a receiving container for multichamber cartridges; and (b) a compressed air connection and a connection for an application device; and ii. a multichamber cartridge inserted into the cartridge holder according to i., wherein said cartridge comprises the following sections: an upper section, comprising a directional control valve; a central section, comprising a space which is extended in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cartridge and is fitted with static mixing elements, and also at least two adjacent chambers, wherein the chambers are arranged so as to be extended in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cartridge, and adjacent chambers are separated from one another by a common partition wall, and each chamber is connected to the upper section by in each case at least one opening; and a lower section, which comprises a piston for each of the chambers, wherein the pistons close off the chambers leaktightly from below and are connected to one another by cutting devices, and the cutting devices are arranged in such a way that they are capable of severing the common partition wall of respective adjacent chambers when the pistons are moved in the direction of the upper section, 2. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the multichamber cartridge is embodied as a coaxial cartridge and comprises the following sections:
an upper section, comprising a directional control valve; a central section, the center of which is designed, in the direction of the longitudinal axis, as an extended space fitted with static mixing elements, and the space is surrounded by at least two chambers, wherein the chambers are arranged so as to be extended in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cartridge and are arranged coaxially with respect to one another and with respect to the space, and adjacent chambers are separated from one another by a common partition wall, and each chamber is connected to the upper section by in each case at least one opening; and a lower section, which comprises a piston for each of the chambers, wherein the pistons close off the chambers leaktightly from below and are connected to one another by cutting devices, and the cutting devices are arranged in such a way that they are capable of severing the common partition wall of respective adjacent chambers when the pistons are moved in the direction of the upper section. 3. The metering and mixing device according to claim 2, wherein the coaxial cartridge has a tubular space and two chambers, and the space and the chambers are formed by a coaxial arrangement of three tubes, wherein an inner tube surrounds the tubular space, the outer surface of the inner tube and the inner surface of the central tube form a first chamber, which is closed off in the direction of the lower section by a first piston and is closed off in the direction of the upper section by an opening leading to the upper section, and the outer surface of the central tube and the inner surface of the outer tube form a second chamber, which is closed off in the direction of the lower section by a second piston and is closed off in the direction of the upper section by an opening leading to the upper section. 4. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the space also extends through the lower section of the multichamber cartridge and has a fluid-carrying connection to the connection. 5. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the cutting devices are embodied in the form of wedge-shaped gaps. 6. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein a premixing chamber is integrated into the directional control valve. 7. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the central section of the multichamber cartridge accounts for at least 60%, of the total length of the cartridge. 8. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the receiving container of the cartridge holder is designed as a receiving shell, and the cartridge holder thus only partially covers the cartridge arranged therein. 9. The metering and mixing device according to claim 8, wherein the cartridge holder covers only the lower section or the lower section and a lower partial region of the central section of the cartridge. 10. The metering and mixing device according to claim 8, wherein the means for producing the reversible joint-type connection are arranged in such a way that, relative to the cartridge, the at least one joint is set up in a lower partial region of the central section thereof and/or an upper partial region of the lower section thereof. 11. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the cartridge has a label on the large-area outer wall thereof. 12. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the surface-to-surface, positive and non-positive connection including the entire circumference of the cartridge and of the surface-to-surface exclusively positive connection including the entire circumference of the cartridge extends over an upper partial region of the lower section of the cartridge and/or a lower partial region of the central section. 13. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein, in addition to the surface-to-surface, positive and non-positive connection including the entire circumference of the cartridge, a surface-to-surface, exclusively positive connection including the entire circumference of the cartridge is furthermore present. 14. The metering and mixing device according to claim 13, wherein the entire surface of the surface-to-surface, a positive and non-positive connection including the entire circumference of the cartridge and of the surface-to-surface, exclusively positive connection including the entire circumference of the cartridge extends over no more than 30%, of the total length of the cartridge. 15. A method for delivering, metering and mixing two or more components, characterized in that a metering and mixing device according to claim 1 is used to carry out the method. 16. A method for coating substrates with two- or multicomponent coating media, characterized in that, to apply a coating, the metering and mixing device according to claim 1 is connected to a paint spray gun, the components are delivered pneumatically into the upper section of the metering and mixing device and delivered in the opposite direction through the static mixing elements, being mixed in the process, and the resulting homogeneous mixture of the components is then fed to the paint spray gun and applied via the latter to the substrate. 17. The method according to claim 16, wherein application is interrupted once or several times, the multichamber cartridge is cleaned during the interruption of the application, and the application is continued after the cleaning of the multichamber cartridge, using the same multichamber cartridge or a different multichamber cartridge of identical construction. | 2,400 |
342,749 | 16,642,484 | 2,431 | An elastomer piezoelectric element is configured by alternately disposing first opposite electrodes and second opposite electrodes, and sandwiching a dielectric layer between each first opposite electrode and the corresponding second opposite electrode. Each of the dielectric layers includes a dielectric elastomer sheet-shaped dielectric portion and a conductive elastomer first common electrode connecting the first opposite electrodes to each other or a conductive elastomer second common electrode connecting the second opposite electrodes to each other. The first common electrode and the second common electrode are provided so as to extend from one main surface to another main surface of the dielectric portion, and are joined to the first opposite electrode and the second opposite electrode, respectively, on a joint surface along the dielectric layer. | 1. An elastomer piezoelectric element configured by alternately disposing first opposite electrodes and second opposite electrodes, and sandwiching a dielectric layer between each first opposite electrode and the corresponding second opposite electrode, wherein
each of the dielectric layers includes
a dielectric elastomer sheet-shaped dielectric portion, and
a conductive elastomer common electrode connecting the first opposite electrodes to each other or connecting the second opposite electrodes to each other, and
the common electrode is provided so as to extend from one main surface to another main surface of the dielectric portion, and is joined to the first opposite electrode or the second opposite electrode on a joint surface along the dielectric layer. 2. The elastomer piezoelectric element according to claim 1, wherein the common electrode is provided in an interior of a through-hole provided in the dielectric portion. 3. The elastomer piezoelectric element according to claim 1, wherein the common electrode is provided at an edge of the dielectric portion. 4. The elastomer piezoelectric element according to claim 1, wherein the common electrode is a protrusion formed by protruding a portion of the conductive elastomer first opposite electrode or the conductive elastomer second opposite electrode in a thickness direction of the dielectric portion. 5. The elastomer piezoelectric element according to claim 1, wherein an insulating elastomer insulated portion is disposed on a portion that is located between two of the dielectric layers and on which neither the first opposite electrode nor the second opposite electrode is disposed. 6. A method for producing an elastomer piezoelectric element, comprising:
a unit layer forming step of forming a unit layer that includes
a dielectric elastomer sheet-shaped dielectric portion,
two conductive elastomer common electrodes extending from one main surface to another main surface of the dielectric portion, and
an opposite electrode disposed on one of the main surfaces of the dielectric portion and connected to one of the two common electrodes; and
a stacking step of stacking and joining a plurality of the unit layers together, wherein, in the stacking step, a portion in which the common electrode and the opposite electrode are joined together and a portion in which the common electrodes are joined to each other are formed, so that specific ones of the opposite electrodes are connected to each other. 7. A method for producing an elastomer piezoelectric element, comprising:
stacking dielectric elastomer sheet-shaped dielectric portions and opposite electrodes alternately by repeatedly performing
a dielectric portion forming step of forming the dielectric portion, and
an electrode forming step of forming two conductive elastomer common electrodes extending from one main surface to another main surface of the dielectric portion, and forming, on one of the main surfaces of the dielectric portion, an opposite electrode connected to one of the two common electrodes; and
connecting specific ones of the opposite electrodes to each other by, when newly forming two of the common electrodes in the electrode forming step, forming a portion in which the new common electrode and the opposite electrode located at an underlying layer are joined together and a portion in which the new common electrode and the common electrode located at an underlying layer are joined together. | An elastomer piezoelectric element is configured by alternately disposing first opposite electrodes and second opposite electrodes, and sandwiching a dielectric layer between each first opposite electrode and the corresponding second opposite electrode. Each of the dielectric layers includes a dielectric elastomer sheet-shaped dielectric portion and a conductive elastomer first common electrode connecting the first opposite electrodes to each other or a conductive elastomer second common electrode connecting the second opposite electrodes to each other. The first common electrode and the second common electrode are provided so as to extend from one main surface to another main surface of the dielectric portion, and are joined to the first opposite electrode and the second opposite electrode, respectively, on a joint surface along the dielectric layer.1. An elastomer piezoelectric element configured by alternately disposing first opposite electrodes and second opposite electrodes, and sandwiching a dielectric layer between each first opposite electrode and the corresponding second opposite electrode, wherein
each of the dielectric layers includes
a dielectric elastomer sheet-shaped dielectric portion, and
a conductive elastomer common electrode connecting the first opposite electrodes to each other or connecting the second opposite electrodes to each other, and
the common electrode is provided so as to extend from one main surface to another main surface of the dielectric portion, and is joined to the first opposite electrode or the second opposite electrode on a joint surface along the dielectric layer. 2. The elastomer piezoelectric element according to claim 1, wherein the common electrode is provided in an interior of a through-hole provided in the dielectric portion. 3. The elastomer piezoelectric element according to claim 1, wherein the common electrode is provided at an edge of the dielectric portion. 4. The elastomer piezoelectric element according to claim 1, wherein the common electrode is a protrusion formed by protruding a portion of the conductive elastomer first opposite electrode or the conductive elastomer second opposite electrode in a thickness direction of the dielectric portion. 5. The elastomer piezoelectric element according to claim 1, wherein an insulating elastomer insulated portion is disposed on a portion that is located between two of the dielectric layers and on which neither the first opposite electrode nor the second opposite electrode is disposed. 6. A method for producing an elastomer piezoelectric element, comprising:
a unit layer forming step of forming a unit layer that includes
a dielectric elastomer sheet-shaped dielectric portion,
two conductive elastomer common electrodes extending from one main surface to another main surface of the dielectric portion, and
an opposite electrode disposed on one of the main surfaces of the dielectric portion and connected to one of the two common electrodes; and
a stacking step of stacking and joining a plurality of the unit layers together, wherein, in the stacking step, a portion in which the common electrode and the opposite electrode are joined together and a portion in which the common electrodes are joined to each other are formed, so that specific ones of the opposite electrodes are connected to each other. 7. A method for producing an elastomer piezoelectric element, comprising:
stacking dielectric elastomer sheet-shaped dielectric portions and opposite electrodes alternately by repeatedly performing
a dielectric portion forming step of forming the dielectric portion, and
an electrode forming step of forming two conductive elastomer common electrodes extending from one main surface to another main surface of the dielectric portion, and forming, on one of the main surfaces of the dielectric portion, an opposite electrode connected to one of the two common electrodes; and
connecting specific ones of the opposite electrodes to each other by, when newly forming two of the common electrodes in the electrode forming step, forming a portion in which the new common electrode and the opposite electrode located at an underlying layer are joined together and a portion in which the new common electrode and the common electrode located at an underlying layer are joined together. | 2,400 |
342,750 | 16,642,462 | 2,431 | The present invention relates to compositions comprising daptomycin and at least one amino acid, methods of providing such compositions and the uses thereof. | 1. A solid pharmaceutical composition comprising daptomycin and at least one amino acid selected from alanine, arginine, asparagine, histidine, isoleucine, lysine, ornithine, phenylalanine, proline, threonine, tryptophan and tyrosine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof. 2. (canceled) 3. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition comprises two or more amino acids or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts or derivatives thereof. 4. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein at least one amino acid derivative is N-acetyl-D-alanine. 5. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one amino acid is histidine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof. 6. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 4, wherein the salt is histidine hydrochloride. 7. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 3, comprising a second amino acid selected from alanine, arginine, asparagine, isoleucine, lysine, ornithine, phenylalanine, proline, threonine, tryptophan and tyrosine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof. 8. (canceled) 9. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 6, wherein the second amino acid is arginine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof. 10. (canceled) 11. (canceled) 12. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein a concentration of daptomycin is from about 0.5 mg/mL to about 500 mg/mL. 13. The solid pharmaceutical composition to claim 1, wherein a concentration of daptomycin is from about 20 mg/mL to about 400 mg/mL. 14. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein a concentration of daptomycin is from about 50 mg/mL to about 300 mg/mL. 15. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 wherein a molar ratio of daptomycin to at least one amino acid or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof is from about 1:0.5 to about 1:6. 16. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 wherein a molar ratio of daptomycin to at least one amino acid or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof is from about 1:2 to about 1:5. 17. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein a molar ratio of daptomycin to at least one amino acid or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof is from about 1:3 to about 1:5. 18. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, further comprising an organic acid. 19. (canceled) 20. (canceled) 21. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 15, wherein molar ratio of daptomycin to organic acid is from about 0.5:1 to about 1:6. 22. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, further comprising one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients selected from antioxidants, surfactants, lipids, sugars, amino sugars, complexing agents, preservatives, stabilizers, bulking agents, buffers, diluents, vehicles and solubilizers. 23. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 17, where amino sugar is meglumine. 24. (canceled) 25. (canceled) 26. (canceled) 27. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, further comprising calcium. 28. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein calcium is selected from calcium chloride (CaCl2)), calcium chloride dihydrate, calcium chloride hexahydrate, calcium citrate, Ca-α-D-heptagluconate or calcium acetate. 29. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 19, wherein molar ratio of daptomycin to calcium is from about 1:1 to about 1:3, such as about 1:1, about 1:2 or about 1:3. 30. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, further comprising polyethylene glycol (PEG), such as PEG 400 or PEG 600, polypropylene glycol (PPG), polysorbates (PS) such as PS 20 or PS 80, alcohols such as ethanol or isobutyl alcohol, or mixtures thereof, to up to about 3% V/V. 31. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, further comprising cyclodextrins selected from hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin or sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin, in molar ratio of daptomycin to cyclodextrin from about 1:0.1 to about 1:1, such as about 1:0.1 to about 1:0.5. 32. (canceled) 33. (canceled) 34. (canceled) 35. (canceled) 36. (canceled) 37. A process for manufacturing compositions according to claim 1, providing a solution of daptomycin and at least one amino acid, adjusting the pH of such solution to pH from about 3 to about 9 with a suitable pH adjusting agent and lyophilizing or spray drying or fluid bed drying such composition to obtain solid composition. 38. The process for manufacturing compositions according to claim 26, wherein pH is adjusted with a suitable pH adjusting agent to pH from about 4 to about 7. 39. (canceled) 40. (canceled) 41. A method of treating a of microbial infections caused by Gram positive bacteria comprising administering to a subject in need thereof the solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 1. 42. A method of treating a skin and soft-tissue infections (cSSTI), Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections (bacteremia) comprising administering to a subject in need thereof the solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 28. 43. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 5, comprising a second amino acid selected from alanine, arginine, asparagine, isoleucine, lysine, ornithine, phenylalanine, proline, threonine, tryptophan and tyrosine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof. 44. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 43, wherein the second amino acid is arginine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof. 45. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition can be further reconstituted with a suitable solvent/diluent. 46. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition can be further diluted with a suitable solvent/diluent. | The present invention relates to compositions comprising daptomycin and at least one amino acid, methods of providing such compositions and the uses thereof.1. A solid pharmaceutical composition comprising daptomycin and at least one amino acid selected from alanine, arginine, asparagine, histidine, isoleucine, lysine, ornithine, phenylalanine, proline, threonine, tryptophan and tyrosine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof. 2. (canceled) 3. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition comprises two or more amino acids or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts or derivatives thereof. 4. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein at least one amino acid derivative is N-acetyl-D-alanine. 5. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one amino acid is histidine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof. 6. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 4, wherein the salt is histidine hydrochloride. 7. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 3, comprising a second amino acid selected from alanine, arginine, asparagine, isoleucine, lysine, ornithine, phenylalanine, proline, threonine, tryptophan and tyrosine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof. 8. (canceled) 9. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 6, wherein the second amino acid is arginine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof. 10. (canceled) 11. (canceled) 12. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein a concentration of daptomycin is from about 0.5 mg/mL to about 500 mg/mL. 13. The solid pharmaceutical composition to claim 1, wherein a concentration of daptomycin is from about 20 mg/mL to about 400 mg/mL. 14. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein a concentration of daptomycin is from about 50 mg/mL to about 300 mg/mL. 15. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 wherein a molar ratio of daptomycin to at least one amino acid or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof is from about 1:0.5 to about 1:6. 16. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 wherein a molar ratio of daptomycin to at least one amino acid or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof is from about 1:2 to about 1:5. 17. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein a molar ratio of daptomycin to at least one amino acid or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof is from about 1:3 to about 1:5. 18. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, further comprising an organic acid. 19. (canceled) 20. (canceled) 21. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 15, wherein molar ratio of daptomycin to organic acid is from about 0.5:1 to about 1:6. 22. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, further comprising one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients selected from antioxidants, surfactants, lipids, sugars, amino sugars, complexing agents, preservatives, stabilizers, bulking agents, buffers, diluents, vehicles and solubilizers. 23. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 17, where amino sugar is meglumine. 24. (canceled) 25. (canceled) 26. (canceled) 27. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, further comprising calcium. 28. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein calcium is selected from calcium chloride (CaCl2)), calcium chloride dihydrate, calcium chloride hexahydrate, calcium citrate, Ca-α-D-heptagluconate or calcium acetate. 29. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 19, wherein molar ratio of daptomycin to calcium is from about 1:1 to about 1:3, such as about 1:1, about 1:2 or about 1:3. 30. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, further comprising polyethylene glycol (PEG), such as PEG 400 or PEG 600, polypropylene glycol (PPG), polysorbates (PS) such as PS 20 or PS 80, alcohols such as ethanol or isobutyl alcohol, or mixtures thereof, to up to about 3% V/V. 31. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, further comprising cyclodextrins selected from hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin or sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin, in molar ratio of daptomycin to cyclodextrin from about 1:0.1 to about 1:1, such as about 1:0.1 to about 1:0.5. 32. (canceled) 33. (canceled) 34. (canceled) 35. (canceled) 36. (canceled) 37. A process for manufacturing compositions according to claim 1, providing a solution of daptomycin and at least one amino acid, adjusting the pH of such solution to pH from about 3 to about 9 with a suitable pH adjusting agent and lyophilizing or spray drying or fluid bed drying such composition to obtain solid composition. 38. The process for manufacturing compositions according to claim 26, wherein pH is adjusted with a suitable pH adjusting agent to pH from about 4 to about 7. 39. (canceled) 40. (canceled) 41. A method of treating a of microbial infections caused by Gram positive bacteria comprising administering to a subject in need thereof the solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 1. 42. A method of treating a skin and soft-tissue infections (cSSTI), Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections (bacteremia) comprising administering to a subject in need thereof the solid pharmaceutical composition of claim 28. 43. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 5, comprising a second amino acid selected from alanine, arginine, asparagine, isoleucine, lysine, ornithine, phenylalanine, proline, threonine, tryptophan and tyrosine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof. 44. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 43, wherein the second amino acid is arginine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof. 45. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition can be further reconstituted with a suitable solvent/diluent. 46. The solid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition can be further diluted with a suitable solvent/diluent. | 2,400 |
342,751 | 16,642,470 | 2,431 | The invention provides an outdoor luminaire (100) comprising: - a plurality of lighting devices (10), each lighting device (10) configured to provide lighting device light (11) and each lighting device (10) comprising at least a light source (13); - a plurality of beam shaping optics (20), each beam shaping optics (20) configured to receive lighting device light (11) of one of the lighting devices (10) and configured to beam shape the lighting device light (11) into a beam (12) of lighting device light (11); wherein the outdoor luminaire (100) is configured to provide a beam (112) of luminaire light (101) comprising the beams (12) of lighting device light (11); and wherein the beam shaping optics (20) are configured in an arrangement (120) which is random, phyllotactic or a combination thereof. | 1. A luminaire comprising:
a plurality of lighting devices, each lighting device configured to provide lighting device light and each lighting device comprising at least a light source; a plurality of beam shaping optics, each beam shaping optics configured to receive lighting device light of one of the lighting devices and configured to beam shape the lighting device light into a beam of lighting device light; wherein the luminaire is configured to provide a beam of luminaire light comprising the beams of lighting device light; and wherein the beam shaping optics are configured in an arrangement which is applied in a phyllotactic pattern; wherein any straight line does not cross more than three adjacent beam shaping optics. 2. The luminaire according to claim 1, wherein the beam shaping optics comprise one or more of lenses and reflectors. 3. The luminaire according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of lighting devices are configured in an arrangement which is phyllotactic. 4. The luminaire according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of lighting devices are configured in an arrangement which is regular, wherein the luminaire further comprises a plurality of optical fibers for guiding the lighting device light of the lighting devices to the respective beam shaping optics. 5. The luminaire according to claim 1, further comprising a light transparent window configured downstream of the plurality of beam shaping optics. 6. The luminaire according to claim 1, further comprising a light transparent window configured downstream of the plurality of lighting devices, wherein the plurality of beam shaping optics are at least partly comprised by the light transparent window. 7. (canceled) 8. The luminaire according to claim 1, further comprising one or more of first interspaces between adjacent lighting devices and second interspaces between adjacent beam shaping optics, wherein the first interspaces or the second interspaces comprise light reflective material configured to reflect visible light in a direction away from the luminaire. 9. The luminaire according to claim 1, defining a light emitting area from which the beam of luminaire light emanates, and wherein the plurality of lighting devices are configured to provide lighting device light with different intensities, with higher intensities in a central part of the light emitting area and with lower intensities in a peripheral part of the light emitting area. 10. The luminaire according to claim 1, defining a light emitting area from which the beam of luminaire light emanates, the luminaire further comprising a control system configured to control in a control mode the lighting devices to provide lighting device light with different intensities, with higher intensities in a central part of the light emitting area and with lower intensities in a peripheral part of the light emitting area. 11. The luminaire according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of lighting devices and the plurality of beam shaping optics are configured to provide the beam of luminaire light having a beam angle (γ) in the range of 90-140° within a cross-sectional plane of the beam of luminaire light, which cross-sectional plane of the beam of luminaire light also comprises an optical axis (O3) of the luminaire, with at least 75% of the intensity of the luminaire light within this beam angle (γ). 12. An arrangement of the luminaire according to claim 1, configured to illuminate with the beam of luminaire light an area below the luminaire. 13. Use of the arrangement of the luminaire according to claim 12 in street lighting. 14. Use of the luminaire according to claim 1 in automotive lighting. 15. Use of the luminaire according to claim 13, in a rear light. | The invention provides an outdoor luminaire (100) comprising: - a plurality of lighting devices (10), each lighting device (10) configured to provide lighting device light (11) and each lighting device (10) comprising at least a light source (13); - a plurality of beam shaping optics (20), each beam shaping optics (20) configured to receive lighting device light (11) of one of the lighting devices (10) and configured to beam shape the lighting device light (11) into a beam (12) of lighting device light (11); wherein the outdoor luminaire (100) is configured to provide a beam (112) of luminaire light (101) comprising the beams (12) of lighting device light (11); and wherein the beam shaping optics (20) are configured in an arrangement (120) which is random, phyllotactic or a combination thereof.1. A luminaire comprising:
a plurality of lighting devices, each lighting device configured to provide lighting device light and each lighting device comprising at least a light source; a plurality of beam shaping optics, each beam shaping optics configured to receive lighting device light of one of the lighting devices and configured to beam shape the lighting device light into a beam of lighting device light; wherein the luminaire is configured to provide a beam of luminaire light comprising the beams of lighting device light; and wherein the beam shaping optics are configured in an arrangement which is applied in a phyllotactic pattern; wherein any straight line does not cross more than three adjacent beam shaping optics. 2. The luminaire according to claim 1, wherein the beam shaping optics comprise one or more of lenses and reflectors. 3. The luminaire according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of lighting devices are configured in an arrangement which is phyllotactic. 4. The luminaire according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of lighting devices are configured in an arrangement which is regular, wherein the luminaire further comprises a plurality of optical fibers for guiding the lighting device light of the lighting devices to the respective beam shaping optics. 5. The luminaire according to claim 1, further comprising a light transparent window configured downstream of the plurality of beam shaping optics. 6. The luminaire according to claim 1, further comprising a light transparent window configured downstream of the plurality of lighting devices, wherein the plurality of beam shaping optics are at least partly comprised by the light transparent window. 7. (canceled) 8. The luminaire according to claim 1, further comprising one or more of first interspaces between adjacent lighting devices and second interspaces between adjacent beam shaping optics, wherein the first interspaces or the second interspaces comprise light reflective material configured to reflect visible light in a direction away from the luminaire. 9. The luminaire according to claim 1, defining a light emitting area from which the beam of luminaire light emanates, and wherein the plurality of lighting devices are configured to provide lighting device light with different intensities, with higher intensities in a central part of the light emitting area and with lower intensities in a peripheral part of the light emitting area. 10. The luminaire according to claim 1, defining a light emitting area from which the beam of luminaire light emanates, the luminaire further comprising a control system configured to control in a control mode the lighting devices to provide lighting device light with different intensities, with higher intensities in a central part of the light emitting area and with lower intensities in a peripheral part of the light emitting area. 11. The luminaire according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of lighting devices and the plurality of beam shaping optics are configured to provide the beam of luminaire light having a beam angle (γ) in the range of 90-140° within a cross-sectional plane of the beam of luminaire light, which cross-sectional plane of the beam of luminaire light also comprises an optical axis (O3) of the luminaire, with at least 75% of the intensity of the luminaire light within this beam angle (γ). 12. An arrangement of the luminaire according to claim 1, configured to illuminate with the beam of luminaire light an area below the luminaire. 13. Use of the arrangement of the luminaire according to claim 12 in street lighting. 14. Use of the luminaire according to claim 1 in automotive lighting. 15. Use of the luminaire according to claim 13, in a rear light. | 2,400 |
342,752 | 16,642,483 | 2,431 | A technique includes performing a collective operation among multiple nodes of a parallel processing computer system using multiple parallel processing stages. The technique includes regulating an ordering of the parallel processing stages so that an initial stage of the plurality of parallel processing stages is associated with a higher node injection bandwidth than a subsequent stage of the plurality of parallel processing stages. | 1. A computer-implemented method comprising:
performing a collective operation among a plurality of nodes of a parallel processing system using a plurality of parallel processing stages; and regulating an ordering of the parallel processing stages, wherein an initial stage of the plurality of parallel processing stages is associated with a higher node injection bandwidth than a subsequent stage of the plurality of parallel processing stages. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
performing the collective operation comprises communicating messages among the plurality of nodes; and regulating the ordering comprises regulating the ordering so that a message size associated with the initial stage is larger than a message size associated with the another stage. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein performing the collective operation comprises performing a reduce-scatter operation. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein performing the collective operation comprises processing elements of a data vector in parallel among the plurality of nodes to reduce the elements and scattering the reduced elements across the plurality of nodes. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
for the initial stage of the plurality of parallel processing stages, communicating a plurality of messages from a first node of the plurality of nodes to other nodes of the plurality of nodes to communicate data from the other node to the first node, and processing the communicated data in the first node to apply a reduction operation to the communicated data. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of nodes comprises clusters of nodes, the method further comprising:
communicating messages among the nodes of each cluster in the initial stage; and communicating messages among the clusters in the subsequent stage. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of nodes comprises subsets of nodes arranged in supernodes, the method further comprising:
communicating messages among the nodes of each supernode in the initial stage; and communicating messages among the supernodes in the subsequent stage. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of nodes comprises subsets of nodes arranged in supernodes, and subsets of supernodes arranged in meshes, the method further comprising:
communicating messages among the nodes of each supernode in the initial stage; communicating messages among the supernodes of each mesh in a second stage of the plurality of parallel processing stages; and communicating messages among the meshes in a third stage of the plurality of parallel processing stages. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of nodes comprises subsets of nodes arranged in supernodes, and subsets of supernodes arranged in meshes, the method further comprising:
communicating messages among the nodes of each supernode in the initial stage; communicating messages among the supernodes of each mesh in a second stage of the plurality of parallel processing stages; and communicating messages among the meshes in a plurality of other stages of the plurality of parallel processing stages. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein communicating messages among the meshes in a plurality of other stages of the plurality of parallel processing stages comprises communicating according to a Rabenseifner-based algorithm. 11. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium to store instructions that, when executed by a parallel processing machine, causes the machine to:
for each stage of a plurality of parallel processing stages, communicate messages among a plurality of processing nodes of the machine to exchange and reduce data, wherein each processing stage is associated with an injection bandwidth, and the injection bandwidths differ; and order the stages so that an initial stage of the plurality of parallel processing stages is associated with the highest injection bandwidth of the associated injection bandwidths. 12. The computer readable storage medium of claim 11, wherein the computer readable storage medium stores instructions that, when executed by the parallel processing machine, cause the machine to provide a message interface library providing a function that allows ordering of the stages, and wherein the initial stage is associated with the highest injection bandwidth. 13. The computer readable storage medium of claim 11, wherein the computer readable storage medium stores instructions that, when executed by the parallel processing machine, cause the machine to order the stages according to the associated injection bandwidths so that a stage associated with a relatively higher injection bandwidth is performed before a stage associated with a relatively lower injection bandwidth. 14. The computer readable storage medium of claim 11, wherein:
the plurality of processing nodes comprises subsets of nodes arranged in supernodes; subsets of the supernodes are arranged in meshes; and the computer readable storage medium stores instructions that, when executed by the parallel processing machine, cause the nodes of each supernode to communicate with each other to reduce data in the initial stage, cause the supernodes of each mesh to communicate with each other to reduce data in a second stage of the plurality of parallel processing stages, and cause the meshes to communicate with each other to reduce data in at least one other third stage of the plurality of parallel processing stages. 15. A system comprising:
a plurality of processing meshes to perform a reduce-scatter parallel processing operation for a first dataset, wherein:
each mesh comprises a plurality of supernodes; and
each supernode comprises a plurality of computer processing nodes; and
a coordinator to separate the reduce-scatter parallel processing operation into a plurality of parallel processing phases comprising a first phase, a second phase and at least one additional phase, wherein:
in the initial phase, the computer processing nodes of each supernode communicate messages with each other to reduce the first dataset to provide a second dataset;
in the second phase, the supernodes of each mesh communicate messages with each other to reduce the second dataset to produce a third dataset; and
in the at least one additional phase, the meshes communicate messages with each other to further reduce the third dataset. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the coordinator comprises a Message Passing Interface (MPI). 17. The system of claim 15, wherein the computer processing node comprises a plurality of processing cores. 18. The system of claim 15, wherein in the initial phase, a given computer processing node of a given supernode communicates multiple messages with another computer processing node of the given supernode. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein, in the at least one additional phase comprises a third phase, and in the third phase, each mesh communicates a single message with another mesh. 20. The system of claim 15, wherein the computer processing node comprises a server blade. | A technique includes performing a collective operation among multiple nodes of a parallel processing computer system using multiple parallel processing stages. The technique includes regulating an ordering of the parallel processing stages so that an initial stage of the plurality of parallel processing stages is associated with a higher node injection bandwidth than a subsequent stage of the plurality of parallel processing stages.1. A computer-implemented method comprising:
performing a collective operation among a plurality of nodes of a parallel processing system using a plurality of parallel processing stages; and regulating an ordering of the parallel processing stages, wherein an initial stage of the plurality of parallel processing stages is associated with a higher node injection bandwidth than a subsequent stage of the plurality of parallel processing stages. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
performing the collective operation comprises communicating messages among the plurality of nodes; and regulating the ordering comprises regulating the ordering so that a message size associated with the initial stage is larger than a message size associated with the another stage. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein performing the collective operation comprises performing a reduce-scatter operation. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein performing the collective operation comprises processing elements of a data vector in parallel among the plurality of nodes to reduce the elements and scattering the reduced elements across the plurality of nodes. 5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
for the initial stage of the plurality of parallel processing stages, communicating a plurality of messages from a first node of the plurality of nodes to other nodes of the plurality of nodes to communicate data from the other node to the first node, and processing the communicated data in the first node to apply a reduction operation to the communicated data. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of nodes comprises clusters of nodes, the method further comprising:
communicating messages among the nodes of each cluster in the initial stage; and communicating messages among the clusters in the subsequent stage. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of nodes comprises subsets of nodes arranged in supernodes, the method further comprising:
communicating messages among the nodes of each supernode in the initial stage; and communicating messages among the supernodes in the subsequent stage. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of nodes comprises subsets of nodes arranged in supernodes, and subsets of supernodes arranged in meshes, the method further comprising:
communicating messages among the nodes of each supernode in the initial stage; communicating messages among the supernodes of each mesh in a second stage of the plurality of parallel processing stages; and communicating messages among the meshes in a third stage of the plurality of parallel processing stages. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of nodes comprises subsets of nodes arranged in supernodes, and subsets of supernodes arranged in meshes, the method further comprising:
communicating messages among the nodes of each supernode in the initial stage; communicating messages among the supernodes of each mesh in a second stage of the plurality of parallel processing stages; and communicating messages among the meshes in a plurality of other stages of the plurality of parallel processing stages. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein communicating messages among the meshes in a plurality of other stages of the plurality of parallel processing stages comprises communicating according to a Rabenseifner-based algorithm. 11. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium to store instructions that, when executed by a parallel processing machine, causes the machine to:
for each stage of a plurality of parallel processing stages, communicate messages among a plurality of processing nodes of the machine to exchange and reduce data, wherein each processing stage is associated with an injection bandwidth, and the injection bandwidths differ; and order the stages so that an initial stage of the plurality of parallel processing stages is associated with the highest injection bandwidth of the associated injection bandwidths. 12. The computer readable storage medium of claim 11, wherein the computer readable storage medium stores instructions that, when executed by the parallel processing machine, cause the machine to provide a message interface library providing a function that allows ordering of the stages, and wherein the initial stage is associated with the highest injection bandwidth. 13. The computer readable storage medium of claim 11, wherein the computer readable storage medium stores instructions that, when executed by the parallel processing machine, cause the machine to order the stages according to the associated injection bandwidths so that a stage associated with a relatively higher injection bandwidth is performed before a stage associated with a relatively lower injection bandwidth. 14. The computer readable storage medium of claim 11, wherein:
the plurality of processing nodes comprises subsets of nodes arranged in supernodes; subsets of the supernodes are arranged in meshes; and the computer readable storage medium stores instructions that, when executed by the parallel processing machine, cause the nodes of each supernode to communicate with each other to reduce data in the initial stage, cause the supernodes of each mesh to communicate with each other to reduce data in a second stage of the plurality of parallel processing stages, and cause the meshes to communicate with each other to reduce data in at least one other third stage of the plurality of parallel processing stages. 15. A system comprising:
a plurality of processing meshes to perform a reduce-scatter parallel processing operation for a first dataset, wherein:
each mesh comprises a plurality of supernodes; and
each supernode comprises a plurality of computer processing nodes; and
a coordinator to separate the reduce-scatter parallel processing operation into a plurality of parallel processing phases comprising a first phase, a second phase and at least one additional phase, wherein:
in the initial phase, the computer processing nodes of each supernode communicate messages with each other to reduce the first dataset to provide a second dataset;
in the second phase, the supernodes of each mesh communicate messages with each other to reduce the second dataset to produce a third dataset; and
in the at least one additional phase, the meshes communicate messages with each other to further reduce the third dataset. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein the coordinator comprises a Message Passing Interface (MPI). 17. The system of claim 15, wherein the computer processing node comprises a plurality of processing cores. 18. The system of claim 15, wherein in the initial phase, a given computer processing node of a given supernode communicates multiple messages with another computer processing node of the given supernode. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein, in the at least one additional phase comprises a third phase, and in the third phase, each mesh communicates a single message with another mesh. 20. The system of claim 15, wherein the computer processing node comprises a server blade. | 2,400 |
342,753 | 16,642,482 | 2,431 | A water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive for clothing and a preparation method thereof are provided. Since a specific internal crosslinking agent is used in a predetermined range during polymerization of an acrylic emulsion resin, a glass transition temperature and an internal crosslinking degree may be controlled while maintaining physical properties of the resin equal to those of the existing adhesives, and thus a residual ratio of the pressure-sensitive adhesive may be greatly reduced at the time of removing the pressure-sensitive adhesive from a substrate such as a fabric for clothing, etc. | 1. A water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive for clothing, comprising a water-based acrylic emulsion resin which is prepared by emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture
wherein the monomer mixture includes a (meth)acrylic acid ester monomer and one or more comonomers including a functional group selected from the group consisting of a hydroxy group, an epoxy group, a vinyl ester group, a cyano group, a styrene group, and a carboxyl group in the presence of an internal crosslinking agent, wherein the internal crosslinking agent is one or more selected from the group consisting of allyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polycarbodiimide, allyl-N-methyl carbamate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, hexanediol ethoxylate diacrylate, hexanediol propoxylate diacrylate, pentaerythritol ethoxylate triacrylate, pentaerythritol propoxylate triacrylate, vinyltrimethoxysilane, and divinylbenzene, and the internal crosslinking agent is included in an amount of 0.02 parts by weight to 0.25 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the acrylic emulsion resin. 2. The water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive according to claim 1, wherein the one or more comonomers are included in an amount of 10 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the (meth)acrylic acid ester monomer. 3. The water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive according to claim 1, wherein the monomer mixture includes methyl methacrylate of 5% by weight to 25% by weight, 2-ethylhexylacrylate of 30% by weight to 60% by weight, styrene of 0.5% by weight to 10% by weight, butyl acrylate of 20% by weight to 40% by weight, and acrylic acid of 0.5% by weight to 10% by weight. 4. The water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive according to claim 1, wherein a residual ratio on a fabric for clothing is 8% or less. 5. A method of preparing the water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive for clothing, comprising:
preparing a pre-emulsion by mixing a monomer mixture including a (meth)acrylic acid ester monomer and one or more comonomers including a functional group selected from the group consisting of a hydroxy group, an epoxy group, a cyano group, a styrene group, and a carboxyl group, and an internal crosslinking agent with water; and preparing an acrylic emulsion resin by performing emulsion polymerization of the pre-emulsion, wherein the internal crosslinking agent is one or more selected from the group consisting of allyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polycarbodiimide, allyl-N-methyl carbamate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, hexanediol ethoxylate diacrylate, hexanediol propoxylate diacrylate, pentaerythritol ethoxylate triacrylate, pentaerythritol propoxylate triacrylate, vinyltrimethoxysilane, and divinylbenzene, and the internal crosslinking agent is mixed in an amount of 0.02 parts by weight to 0.25 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the monomer mixture. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the pre-emulsion further includes one or more selected from the group consisting of a surfactant, a buffering agent, an external crosslinking agent, and a wetting agent. 7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the emulsion polymerization is performed in a presence of a polymerization initiator and an external crosslinking agent. 8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the emulsion polymerization is performed under stirring at a temperature of 70° C. to 90° C. for 3 hours to 8 hours. 9. The water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive according to claim 1, wherein the one or more comonomers are included in an amount of 1 part by weight to 6 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the (meth)acrylic acid ester monomer. | A water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive for clothing and a preparation method thereof are provided. Since a specific internal crosslinking agent is used in a predetermined range during polymerization of an acrylic emulsion resin, a glass transition temperature and an internal crosslinking degree may be controlled while maintaining physical properties of the resin equal to those of the existing adhesives, and thus a residual ratio of the pressure-sensitive adhesive may be greatly reduced at the time of removing the pressure-sensitive adhesive from a substrate such as a fabric for clothing, etc.1. A water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive for clothing, comprising a water-based acrylic emulsion resin which is prepared by emulsion polymerization of a monomer mixture
wherein the monomer mixture includes a (meth)acrylic acid ester monomer and one or more comonomers including a functional group selected from the group consisting of a hydroxy group, an epoxy group, a vinyl ester group, a cyano group, a styrene group, and a carboxyl group in the presence of an internal crosslinking agent, wherein the internal crosslinking agent is one or more selected from the group consisting of allyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polycarbodiimide, allyl-N-methyl carbamate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, hexanediol ethoxylate diacrylate, hexanediol propoxylate diacrylate, pentaerythritol ethoxylate triacrylate, pentaerythritol propoxylate triacrylate, vinyltrimethoxysilane, and divinylbenzene, and the internal crosslinking agent is included in an amount of 0.02 parts by weight to 0.25 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the acrylic emulsion resin. 2. The water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive according to claim 1, wherein the one or more comonomers are included in an amount of 10 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the (meth)acrylic acid ester monomer. 3. The water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive according to claim 1, wherein the monomer mixture includes methyl methacrylate of 5% by weight to 25% by weight, 2-ethylhexylacrylate of 30% by weight to 60% by weight, styrene of 0.5% by weight to 10% by weight, butyl acrylate of 20% by weight to 40% by weight, and acrylic acid of 0.5% by weight to 10% by weight. 4. The water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive according to claim 1, wherein a residual ratio on a fabric for clothing is 8% or less. 5. A method of preparing the water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive for clothing, comprising:
preparing a pre-emulsion by mixing a monomer mixture including a (meth)acrylic acid ester monomer and one or more comonomers including a functional group selected from the group consisting of a hydroxy group, an epoxy group, a cyano group, a styrene group, and a carboxyl group, and an internal crosslinking agent with water; and preparing an acrylic emulsion resin by performing emulsion polymerization of the pre-emulsion, wherein the internal crosslinking agent is one or more selected from the group consisting of allyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polycarbodiimide, allyl-N-methyl carbamate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, hexanediol ethoxylate diacrylate, hexanediol propoxylate diacrylate, pentaerythritol ethoxylate triacrylate, pentaerythritol propoxylate triacrylate, vinyltrimethoxysilane, and divinylbenzene, and the internal crosslinking agent is mixed in an amount of 0.02 parts by weight to 0.25 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the monomer mixture. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the pre-emulsion further includes one or more selected from the group consisting of a surfactant, a buffering agent, an external crosslinking agent, and a wetting agent. 7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the emulsion polymerization is performed in a presence of a polymerization initiator and an external crosslinking agent. 8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the emulsion polymerization is performed under stirring at a temperature of 70° C. to 90° C. for 3 hours to 8 hours. 9. The water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive according to claim 1, wherein the one or more comonomers are included in an amount of 1 part by weight to 6 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the (meth)acrylic acid ester monomer. | 2,400 |
342,754 | 16,642,504 | 2,431 | Provided are a packet sending methods and apparatus, a packet processing method and apparatus, a PE node and a node. The packet sending method includes: receiving a first packet from an AC, processing the first packet to obtain a second packet, the second packet including a first IP, where the first IP includes a second IP or an IP obtained by encrypting part bits of the second IP with an intrinsic entropy value of the first packet and the second IP is one of an ESI IP of an ESI corresponding to the AC, an IP obtained by modifying a designated bit of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the AC according to a Root/Leaf attribute of the AC, an IP obtained by replacing part bits of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the AC with a VLAN ID value corresponding to the AC, a third IP, or an IP obtained by modifying a designated bit of the third IP according to the Root/Leaf attribute of the AC; and sending the second packet. | 1. A packet sending method, comprising:
receiving a first packet from an access circuit (AC); processing the first packet to obtain at least one second packet, wherein each of the at least one second packet comprises a first internet protocol (IP), wherein the first IP comprises a second IP or an IP obtained from encrypting part bits of the second IP with an intrinsic entropy value of the first packet; wherein the second IP is one of an Ethernet segment identifier (ESI) IP of an ESI corresponding to the AC, an IP obtained from a modification to a designated bit of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the AC according to a Root/Leaf attribute of the AC, an IP obtained from replacement of part bits of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the AC with a virtual local area network identifier (VLAN ID) value corresponding to the AC, a third IP, or an IP obtained from a modification to a designated bit of the third IP according to the Root/Leaf attribute of the AC, wherein the ESI corresponding to the AC is an ESI bound to a main interface to which the AC belongs, the ESI IP of the ESI is an IP address corresponding to the ESI, the VLAN ID value corresponding to the AC is configured in the AC and used for matching the first packet, and the third IP is determined through a provider edge (PE) node where the AC is located and a local index of the ESI corresponding to the AC on the PE node or determined through a virtual private network (VPN) domain to which the PE node where the AC is located belongs and the local index of the ESI corresponding to the AC on the PE node; and sending each of the at least one second packet. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein
the IP obtained from the modification to the designated bit of the ESI IP according to Root in a case where a value of the Root/Leaf attribute of the AC is Root is different from the IP obtained from the modification to the designated bit of the ESI IP according to Leaf in a case where the value of the Root/Leaf attribute of the AC is Leaf; and the IP obtained from the modification to the designated bit of the third IP according to Root in the case where the value of the Root/Leaf attribute of the AC is Root is different from the IP obtained from the modification to the designated bit of the third IP according to Leaf in the case where the value of the Root/Leaf attribute of the AC is Leaf. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the third IP comprises a first part and a second part, wherein in the case where the third IP is determined through the PE node where the AC is located and the local index of the ESI corresponding to the AC on the PE node, the first part comprises the local index and the second part comprises at least one of a designated part of a designated IP address configured on the PE node where the AC is located, wherein the third IP of each AC on the PE node comprises the designated part, or a common binary-bit part of designated attribute values configured ESI-by-ESI through a same configuration command on the PE node where the AC is located; and
wherein in the case where the third IP is determined through the VPN domain to which the PE node where the AC is located belongs and the local index of the ESI corresponding to the AC on the PE node, the first part comprises the local index and the second part comprises a common binary-bit part of designated IP addresses configured through a same configuration command on PE nodes of a VPN domain to which the at least one second packet belongs, wherein the VPN domain is a set of PE nodes for sending or receiving the at least one second packet. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the local index comprises at least one of:
an ESI value; an ESI alias value, which is a value configured for an attribute of the ESI corresponding to the AC, wherein the ESI corresponding to the AC differs from other ESIs on the PE node in the attribute; an ESI local distinguishment value, which is a value of a first designated field in the ESI corresponding to the AC, wherein on the PE node where the AC is located, the first designated fields corresponding to different ESIs have different values; or an ESI intra-domain distinguishment value, which is a value of a second designated field in the ESI corresponding to the AC, wherein in the VPN domain to which the PE node where the AC is located belongs, the second designated fields corresponding to different ESIs have different values. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first IP is located in one of the following positions of the each of the at least one second packet:
a source IP or an internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) option header. 6.-7. (canceled) 8. The method of claim 1, wherein a source IP of each of the at least one second packet is routable in an underlay network or is non-routable in the underlay network. 9. (canceled) 10. A packet processing method, comprising:
receiving a first packet sent by a provider edge (PE) node, wherein the PE node processes a second packet received from a first access circuit (AC) to obtain the first packet and the first packet comprises a first internet protocol (IP), wherein the first IP comprises a second IP or an IP obtained by through encrypting part bits of the second IP with an intrinsic entropy value of the second packet, wherein the second IP is one of an Ethernet segment identifier (ESI) IP of an ESI corresponding to the first AC, an IP obtained from a modification to a designated bit of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the first AC according to a Root/Leaf attribute of the first AC, an IP obtained from replacement of part bits of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the first AC with a virtual local area network identifier (VLAN ID) value corresponding to the first AC, a third IP, or an IP obtained from a modification to a designated bit of the third IP according to the Root/Leaf attribute of the first AC, wherein the ESI corresponding to the first AC is an ESI bound to a main interface to which the first AC belongs, the ESI IP of the ESI is an IP address corresponding to the ESI, the VLAN ID value corresponding to the first AC is configured in the first AC and used for matching the second packet, and the third IP is determined through a PE node where the first AC is located and a local index of the ESI corresponding to the first AC on the PE node or determined through a virtual private network (VPN) domain to which the PE node where the first AC is located belongs and the local index of the ESI corresponding to the first AC on the PE node; and processing the first packet according to an ESI value corresponding to the first IP comprised in the first packet or performing ESI filtering on the first packet according to the second IP and configuration information on a receiver receiving the first packet. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein processing the first packet according to the ESI value corresponding to the first IP comprised in the first packet comprises:
mirroring the first packet to a designated server when the ESI value corresponding to the first IP comprised in the first packet is a first designated value; performing designated quality of service (QoS) processing on the first packet when the ESI value corresponding to the first IP comprised in the first packet is a second designated value; and performing performance statistics on the first packet by using a performance statistics counter bound to a third designated value when the ESI value corresponding to the first IP comprised in the first packet is the third designated value. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein performing the ESI filtering on the first packet according to the second IP and the configuration information on the receiver receiving the first packet comprises:
determining at least one designated packet according to the first packet; determining a second AC for sending each of the at least one designated packet; and performing the ESI filtering on each of the at least one designated packet according to the second IP and configuration information of the second AC of each of the at least one designated packet, wherein the configuration information comprises at least one of a Root/Leaf attribute of the second AC or an IP corresponding to the second AC. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein performing the ESI filtering on each of the at least one designated packet according to the second IP and the configuration information of the second AC of each of the at least one designated packet comprises:
in a case where a main interface to which the second AC of each of the at least one designated packet belongs is bound to a non-zero ESI or a value of the Root/Leaf attribute of the second AC is Leaf and in a case where the second IP and the second AC of each of the at least one designated packet satisfy a first predetermined condition, discarding each of the at least one designated packet. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the first predetermined condition comprises at least one of:
the second IP is equal to the IP corresponding to the second AC of each of the at least one designated packet; a value of a designated binary bit in the second IP is 1 and the value of the Root/Leaf attribute of the second AC of each of the at least one designated packet is Leaf; the value of the designated binary bit in the second IP is 0 and the value of the Root/Leaf attribute of the second AC of the each of the at least one designated packet is Leaf; IP1{circumflex over ( )}IP2<(m+1), wherein {circumflex over ( )} denotes a bitwise logical exclusive OR operator; or (IP1 & IP2) & Flag=Flag, wherein & denotes a bitwise logical AND operator, Flag denotes a predetermined value, and only one binary bit in Flag has a value of 1, wherein IP1 denotes the second IP, IP2 denotes the IP corresponding to the second AC of each of the at least one designated packet, and m denotes an IP-address inverse mask, wherein the IP-address inverse mask is obtained from a bitwise NOT operation on an IP-address mask of an ESI IP corresponding to the ESI bound to the main interface to which the second AC of each of the at least one designated packet belongs. 15. The method of claim 10, wherein the third IP comprises a first part and a second part, wherein in the case where the third IP is determined through the PE node where the first AC is located and the local index of the ESI corresponding to the first AC on the PE node, the first part comprises the local index and the second part comprises at least one of a designated part of a designated IP address configured on the first PE node, wherein a third IP of each AC on the first PE node comprises the designated part, or a common binary-bit part of designated attribute values configured ESI-by-ESI through a same configuration command on the first PE node; and
wherein in a case where the third IP is determined through a VPN domain to which the PE node where the first AC is located belongs and the local index of the ESI corresponding to the first AC on the PE node, the first part comprises the local index and the second part comprises a common binary-bit part of designated IP addresses configured through a same configuration command on each PE node of a VPN domain to which the second packet belongs, wherein the VPN domain is a set of PE nodes for sending or receiving the second packet. 16. The method of claim 10, wherein the local index comprises at least one of:
an ESI value; an ESI alias value, which is a value configured for an attribute of the ESI corresponding to the first AC, wherein the ESI corresponding to the first AC differs from other ESIs on the PE node where the first AC is located in the attribute; an ESI local distinguishment value, which is a value of a first designated field in the ESI corresponding to the first AC, wherein on the PE node, the first designated fields corresponding to different ESIs have different values; or an ESI intra-domain distinguishment value, which is a value of a second designated field in the ESI corresponding to the first AC, wherein in the VPN domain to which the PE node belongs, the second designated fields corresponding to different ESIs have different values. 17. The method of claim 10, wherein the first IP is located at one of the following positions of the first packet:
a source IP or an internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) option header. 18. (canceled) 19. The method of claim 10, wherein a source IP of the first packet is routable in an underlay network or is non-routable in the underlay network. 20.-23. (canceled) 24. A provider edge (PE) node, comprising:
a communication interface configured to receive a first packet from an access circuit (AC); and a processor configured to process the first packet to obtain at least one second packet, wherein each of the at least one second packet comprises a first internet protocol (IP), wherein the first IP comprises a second IP or an IP obtained from encryption part bits of the second IP with an intrinsic entropy value of the first packet; and the second IP is one of an Ethernet segment identifier (ESI) IP of an ESI corresponding to the AC, an IP obtained from a modification to a designated bit of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the AC according to a Root/Leaf attribute of the AC, an IP obtained from replacement of part bits of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the AC with a virtual local area network identifier (VLAN ID) value corresponding to the AC, a third IP, or an IP obtained from a modification to a designated bit of the third IP according to the Root/Leaf attribute of the AC, wherein the ESI corresponding to the AC is an ESI bound to a main interface to which the AC belongs, the ESI IP of the ESI is an IP address corresponding to the ESI, the VLAN ID value corresponding to the AC is configured in the AC and used for matching the first packet, and the third IP is determined through a PE node where the AC is located and a local index of the ESI corresponding to the AC on the PE node or determined through a virtual private network (VPN) domain to which the PE node where the AC is located belongs and the local index of the ESI corresponding to the AC on the PE node, wherein the communication interface is further configured to send each of the at least one second packet. 25. A node, comprising:
a communication interface configured to receive a first packet sent by a provider edge (PE) node, wherein the PE node processes a second packet received from an access circuit (AC) to obtain the first packet and the first packet comprises a first internet protocol (IP), wherein the first IP comprises a second IP or an IP obtained from encryption part bits of the second IP with an intrinsic entropy value of the second packet; and the second IP is one of an Ethernet segment identifier (ESI) IP of an ESI corresponding to the AC, an IP obtained from a modification to a designated bit of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the AC according to a Root/Leaf attribute of the AC, an IP obtained from replacement of part bits of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the AC with a virtual local area network identifier (VLAN ID) value corresponding to the AC, a third IP, or an IP obtained from a modification of a designated bit of the third IP according to the Root/Leaf attribute of the first AC, wherein the ESI corresponding to the AC is an ESI bound to a main interface to which the AC belongs, the ESI IP of the ESI is an IP address corresponding to the ESI, the VLAN ID value corresponding to the AC is configured in the AC and used for matching the second packet, and the third IP is determined through a PE node where the AC is located and a local index of the ESI corresponding to the AC on the PE node or determined through a virtual private network (VPN) domain to which the PE node where the AC is located belongs and the local index of the ESI corresponding to the AC on the PE node; and a processor configured to process the first packet according to an ESI value corresponding to the first IP comprised in the first packet or perform ESI filtering on the first packet according to the second IP and configuration information on a receiver receiving the first packet in the case where the first IP comprises the second IP. 26. A packet processing system, comprising a first node and a second node,
wherein the first node is configured to receive a first packet from an access circuit (AC) and process the first packet to obtain at least one second packet, and send the at least one second packet to the second node, wherein each of the at least one second packet comprises a first internet protocol (IP), which comprises a second IP or an IP obtained from encryption of part bits of the second IP with an intrinsic entropy value of the first packet; wherein the second IP is one of: an Ethernet segment identifier (ESI) IP of an ESI corresponding to the AC, an IP obtained from a modification to a designated bit of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the AC according to a Root/Leaf attribute of the AC, an IP obtained from replacement of part bits of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the AC with a virtual local area network identifier (VLAN ID) value corresponding to the AC, a third IP, or an IP obtained from a modification to a designated bit of the third IP according to the Root/Leaf attribute of the AC, wherein the ESI corresponding to the AC is an ESI bound to a main interface to which the AC belongs, the ESI IP of the ESI is an IP address corresponding to the ESI, the VLAN ID value corresponding to the AC is a VLAN ID value configured in the AC and used for matching the first packet, and the third IP is determined through a PE node where the AC is located and a local index of the ESI corresponding to the AC on the PE node or determined through a virtual private network (VPN) domain to which the PE node where the AC is located belongs and the local index of the ESI corresponding to the AC on the PE node; and wherein the second node is configured to process each of the at least one second packet according to an ESI value corresponding to the first IP comprised in each of the at least one second packet or perform ESI filtering on each of the at least one second packet according to the second IP and configuration information on a receiver receiving the each of the at least one second packet. 27. A storage medium storing a program, wherein when the program is executed, the method of claim 1 is performed. 28. A processor configured to execute a program, wherein when the program is executed, the method of claim 1 is performed. | Provided are a packet sending methods and apparatus, a packet processing method and apparatus, a PE node and a node. The packet sending method includes: receiving a first packet from an AC, processing the first packet to obtain a second packet, the second packet including a first IP, where the first IP includes a second IP or an IP obtained by encrypting part bits of the second IP with an intrinsic entropy value of the first packet and the second IP is one of an ESI IP of an ESI corresponding to the AC, an IP obtained by modifying a designated bit of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the AC according to a Root/Leaf attribute of the AC, an IP obtained by replacing part bits of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the AC with a VLAN ID value corresponding to the AC, a third IP, or an IP obtained by modifying a designated bit of the third IP according to the Root/Leaf attribute of the AC; and sending the second packet.1. A packet sending method, comprising:
receiving a first packet from an access circuit (AC); processing the first packet to obtain at least one second packet, wherein each of the at least one second packet comprises a first internet protocol (IP), wherein the first IP comprises a second IP or an IP obtained from encrypting part bits of the second IP with an intrinsic entropy value of the first packet; wherein the second IP is one of an Ethernet segment identifier (ESI) IP of an ESI corresponding to the AC, an IP obtained from a modification to a designated bit of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the AC according to a Root/Leaf attribute of the AC, an IP obtained from replacement of part bits of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the AC with a virtual local area network identifier (VLAN ID) value corresponding to the AC, a third IP, or an IP obtained from a modification to a designated bit of the third IP according to the Root/Leaf attribute of the AC, wherein the ESI corresponding to the AC is an ESI bound to a main interface to which the AC belongs, the ESI IP of the ESI is an IP address corresponding to the ESI, the VLAN ID value corresponding to the AC is configured in the AC and used for matching the first packet, and the third IP is determined through a provider edge (PE) node where the AC is located and a local index of the ESI corresponding to the AC on the PE node or determined through a virtual private network (VPN) domain to which the PE node where the AC is located belongs and the local index of the ESI corresponding to the AC on the PE node; and sending each of the at least one second packet. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein
the IP obtained from the modification to the designated bit of the ESI IP according to Root in a case where a value of the Root/Leaf attribute of the AC is Root is different from the IP obtained from the modification to the designated bit of the ESI IP according to Leaf in a case where the value of the Root/Leaf attribute of the AC is Leaf; and the IP obtained from the modification to the designated bit of the third IP according to Root in the case where the value of the Root/Leaf attribute of the AC is Root is different from the IP obtained from the modification to the designated bit of the third IP according to Leaf in the case where the value of the Root/Leaf attribute of the AC is Leaf. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the third IP comprises a first part and a second part, wherein in the case where the third IP is determined through the PE node where the AC is located and the local index of the ESI corresponding to the AC on the PE node, the first part comprises the local index and the second part comprises at least one of a designated part of a designated IP address configured on the PE node where the AC is located, wherein the third IP of each AC on the PE node comprises the designated part, or a common binary-bit part of designated attribute values configured ESI-by-ESI through a same configuration command on the PE node where the AC is located; and
wherein in the case where the third IP is determined through the VPN domain to which the PE node where the AC is located belongs and the local index of the ESI corresponding to the AC on the PE node, the first part comprises the local index and the second part comprises a common binary-bit part of designated IP addresses configured through a same configuration command on PE nodes of a VPN domain to which the at least one second packet belongs, wherein the VPN domain is a set of PE nodes for sending or receiving the at least one second packet. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the local index comprises at least one of:
an ESI value; an ESI alias value, which is a value configured for an attribute of the ESI corresponding to the AC, wherein the ESI corresponding to the AC differs from other ESIs on the PE node in the attribute; an ESI local distinguishment value, which is a value of a first designated field in the ESI corresponding to the AC, wherein on the PE node where the AC is located, the first designated fields corresponding to different ESIs have different values; or an ESI intra-domain distinguishment value, which is a value of a second designated field in the ESI corresponding to the AC, wherein in the VPN domain to which the PE node where the AC is located belongs, the second designated fields corresponding to different ESIs have different values. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first IP is located in one of the following positions of the each of the at least one second packet:
a source IP or an internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) option header. 6.-7. (canceled) 8. The method of claim 1, wherein a source IP of each of the at least one second packet is routable in an underlay network or is non-routable in the underlay network. 9. (canceled) 10. A packet processing method, comprising:
receiving a first packet sent by a provider edge (PE) node, wherein the PE node processes a second packet received from a first access circuit (AC) to obtain the first packet and the first packet comprises a first internet protocol (IP), wherein the first IP comprises a second IP or an IP obtained by through encrypting part bits of the second IP with an intrinsic entropy value of the second packet, wherein the second IP is one of an Ethernet segment identifier (ESI) IP of an ESI corresponding to the first AC, an IP obtained from a modification to a designated bit of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the first AC according to a Root/Leaf attribute of the first AC, an IP obtained from replacement of part bits of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the first AC with a virtual local area network identifier (VLAN ID) value corresponding to the first AC, a third IP, or an IP obtained from a modification to a designated bit of the third IP according to the Root/Leaf attribute of the first AC, wherein the ESI corresponding to the first AC is an ESI bound to a main interface to which the first AC belongs, the ESI IP of the ESI is an IP address corresponding to the ESI, the VLAN ID value corresponding to the first AC is configured in the first AC and used for matching the second packet, and the third IP is determined through a PE node where the first AC is located and a local index of the ESI corresponding to the first AC on the PE node or determined through a virtual private network (VPN) domain to which the PE node where the first AC is located belongs and the local index of the ESI corresponding to the first AC on the PE node; and processing the first packet according to an ESI value corresponding to the first IP comprised in the first packet or performing ESI filtering on the first packet according to the second IP and configuration information on a receiver receiving the first packet. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein processing the first packet according to the ESI value corresponding to the first IP comprised in the first packet comprises:
mirroring the first packet to a designated server when the ESI value corresponding to the first IP comprised in the first packet is a first designated value; performing designated quality of service (QoS) processing on the first packet when the ESI value corresponding to the first IP comprised in the first packet is a second designated value; and performing performance statistics on the first packet by using a performance statistics counter bound to a third designated value when the ESI value corresponding to the first IP comprised in the first packet is the third designated value. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein performing the ESI filtering on the first packet according to the second IP and the configuration information on the receiver receiving the first packet comprises:
determining at least one designated packet according to the first packet; determining a second AC for sending each of the at least one designated packet; and performing the ESI filtering on each of the at least one designated packet according to the second IP and configuration information of the second AC of each of the at least one designated packet, wherein the configuration information comprises at least one of a Root/Leaf attribute of the second AC or an IP corresponding to the second AC. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein performing the ESI filtering on each of the at least one designated packet according to the second IP and the configuration information of the second AC of each of the at least one designated packet comprises:
in a case where a main interface to which the second AC of each of the at least one designated packet belongs is bound to a non-zero ESI or a value of the Root/Leaf attribute of the second AC is Leaf and in a case where the second IP and the second AC of each of the at least one designated packet satisfy a first predetermined condition, discarding each of the at least one designated packet. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the first predetermined condition comprises at least one of:
the second IP is equal to the IP corresponding to the second AC of each of the at least one designated packet; a value of a designated binary bit in the second IP is 1 and the value of the Root/Leaf attribute of the second AC of each of the at least one designated packet is Leaf; the value of the designated binary bit in the second IP is 0 and the value of the Root/Leaf attribute of the second AC of the each of the at least one designated packet is Leaf; IP1{circumflex over ( )}IP2<(m+1), wherein {circumflex over ( )} denotes a bitwise logical exclusive OR operator; or (IP1 & IP2) & Flag=Flag, wherein & denotes a bitwise logical AND operator, Flag denotes a predetermined value, and only one binary bit in Flag has a value of 1, wherein IP1 denotes the second IP, IP2 denotes the IP corresponding to the second AC of each of the at least one designated packet, and m denotes an IP-address inverse mask, wherein the IP-address inverse mask is obtained from a bitwise NOT operation on an IP-address mask of an ESI IP corresponding to the ESI bound to the main interface to which the second AC of each of the at least one designated packet belongs. 15. The method of claim 10, wherein the third IP comprises a first part and a second part, wherein in the case where the third IP is determined through the PE node where the first AC is located and the local index of the ESI corresponding to the first AC on the PE node, the first part comprises the local index and the second part comprises at least one of a designated part of a designated IP address configured on the first PE node, wherein a third IP of each AC on the first PE node comprises the designated part, or a common binary-bit part of designated attribute values configured ESI-by-ESI through a same configuration command on the first PE node; and
wherein in a case where the third IP is determined through a VPN domain to which the PE node where the first AC is located belongs and the local index of the ESI corresponding to the first AC on the PE node, the first part comprises the local index and the second part comprises a common binary-bit part of designated IP addresses configured through a same configuration command on each PE node of a VPN domain to which the second packet belongs, wherein the VPN domain is a set of PE nodes for sending or receiving the second packet. 16. The method of claim 10, wherein the local index comprises at least one of:
an ESI value; an ESI alias value, which is a value configured for an attribute of the ESI corresponding to the first AC, wherein the ESI corresponding to the first AC differs from other ESIs on the PE node where the first AC is located in the attribute; an ESI local distinguishment value, which is a value of a first designated field in the ESI corresponding to the first AC, wherein on the PE node, the first designated fields corresponding to different ESIs have different values; or an ESI intra-domain distinguishment value, which is a value of a second designated field in the ESI corresponding to the first AC, wherein in the VPN domain to which the PE node belongs, the second designated fields corresponding to different ESIs have different values. 17. The method of claim 10, wherein the first IP is located at one of the following positions of the first packet:
a source IP or an internet protocol version 6 (IPv6) option header. 18. (canceled) 19. The method of claim 10, wherein a source IP of the first packet is routable in an underlay network or is non-routable in the underlay network. 20.-23. (canceled) 24. A provider edge (PE) node, comprising:
a communication interface configured to receive a first packet from an access circuit (AC); and a processor configured to process the first packet to obtain at least one second packet, wherein each of the at least one second packet comprises a first internet protocol (IP), wherein the first IP comprises a second IP or an IP obtained from encryption part bits of the second IP with an intrinsic entropy value of the first packet; and the second IP is one of an Ethernet segment identifier (ESI) IP of an ESI corresponding to the AC, an IP obtained from a modification to a designated bit of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the AC according to a Root/Leaf attribute of the AC, an IP obtained from replacement of part bits of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the AC with a virtual local area network identifier (VLAN ID) value corresponding to the AC, a third IP, or an IP obtained from a modification to a designated bit of the third IP according to the Root/Leaf attribute of the AC, wherein the ESI corresponding to the AC is an ESI bound to a main interface to which the AC belongs, the ESI IP of the ESI is an IP address corresponding to the ESI, the VLAN ID value corresponding to the AC is configured in the AC and used for matching the first packet, and the third IP is determined through a PE node where the AC is located and a local index of the ESI corresponding to the AC on the PE node or determined through a virtual private network (VPN) domain to which the PE node where the AC is located belongs and the local index of the ESI corresponding to the AC on the PE node, wherein the communication interface is further configured to send each of the at least one second packet. 25. A node, comprising:
a communication interface configured to receive a first packet sent by a provider edge (PE) node, wherein the PE node processes a second packet received from an access circuit (AC) to obtain the first packet and the first packet comprises a first internet protocol (IP), wherein the first IP comprises a second IP or an IP obtained from encryption part bits of the second IP with an intrinsic entropy value of the second packet; and the second IP is one of an Ethernet segment identifier (ESI) IP of an ESI corresponding to the AC, an IP obtained from a modification to a designated bit of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the AC according to a Root/Leaf attribute of the AC, an IP obtained from replacement of part bits of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the AC with a virtual local area network identifier (VLAN ID) value corresponding to the AC, a third IP, or an IP obtained from a modification of a designated bit of the third IP according to the Root/Leaf attribute of the first AC, wherein the ESI corresponding to the AC is an ESI bound to a main interface to which the AC belongs, the ESI IP of the ESI is an IP address corresponding to the ESI, the VLAN ID value corresponding to the AC is configured in the AC and used for matching the second packet, and the third IP is determined through a PE node where the AC is located and a local index of the ESI corresponding to the AC on the PE node or determined through a virtual private network (VPN) domain to which the PE node where the AC is located belongs and the local index of the ESI corresponding to the AC on the PE node; and a processor configured to process the first packet according to an ESI value corresponding to the first IP comprised in the first packet or perform ESI filtering on the first packet according to the second IP and configuration information on a receiver receiving the first packet in the case where the first IP comprises the second IP. 26. A packet processing system, comprising a first node and a second node,
wherein the first node is configured to receive a first packet from an access circuit (AC) and process the first packet to obtain at least one second packet, and send the at least one second packet to the second node, wherein each of the at least one second packet comprises a first internet protocol (IP), which comprises a second IP or an IP obtained from encryption of part bits of the second IP with an intrinsic entropy value of the first packet; wherein the second IP is one of: an Ethernet segment identifier (ESI) IP of an ESI corresponding to the AC, an IP obtained from a modification to a designated bit of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the AC according to a Root/Leaf attribute of the AC, an IP obtained from replacement of part bits of the ESI IP of the ESI corresponding to the AC with a virtual local area network identifier (VLAN ID) value corresponding to the AC, a third IP, or an IP obtained from a modification to a designated bit of the third IP according to the Root/Leaf attribute of the AC, wherein the ESI corresponding to the AC is an ESI bound to a main interface to which the AC belongs, the ESI IP of the ESI is an IP address corresponding to the ESI, the VLAN ID value corresponding to the AC is a VLAN ID value configured in the AC and used for matching the first packet, and the third IP is determined through a PE node where the AC is located and a local index of the ESI corresponding to the AC on the PE node or determined through a virtual private network (VPN) domain to which the PE node where the AC is located belongs and the local index of the ESI corresponding to the AC on the PE node; and wherein the second node is configured to process each of the at least one second packet according to an ESI value corresponding to the first IP comprised in each of the at least one second packet or perform ESI filtering on each of the at least one second packet according to the second IP and configuration information on a receiver receiving the each of the at least one second packet. 27. A storage medium storing a program, wherein when the program is executed, the method of claim 1 is performed. 28. A processor configured to execute a program, wherein when the program is executed, the method of claim 1 is performed. | 2,400 |
342,755 | 16,642,497 | 2,431 | A seat includes a seating portion, a backrest, two pairs of vibrators and a vibration absorbing member, and constitutes a driver's seat of a vehicle. The vibration absorbing member is arranged at a boundary portion between a first region and a second region of the seating portion, and is arranged at an intermediate portion between the pair of vibrators. The vibration absorbing member suppresses vibration of the vibrator from being propagated to the second region and vibration of the vibrator from being propagated to the first region. The vibration absorbing member is arranged at a boundary portion between a first region and a second region of the backrest, and is arranged at an intermediate portion between the pair of vibrators. The vibration absorbing member suppresses vibration of the vibrator from being propagated to the second region and vibration of the vibrator from being propagated to the first region. | 1. A seat having a first region and another region, comprising;
a first vibrator arranged in the first region; and a propagation suppressor that suppresses vibration of the first vibrator from being propagated to the another region. 2. The seat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the propagation suppressor is a vibration absorbing member provided around the first vibrator. 3. The seat as claimed in claim 1, further comprising
a second vibrator arranged in the another region, wherein the propagation suppressor is configured to suppress vibration of the second vibrator from being propagated to the first region. 4. The seat as claimed in claim 3, wherein the propagation suppressor is a vibration absorbing member provided around the second vibrator. 5. The seat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the propagation suppressor is a vibration absorbing member arranged inside the seat at a central portion in a width direction of the seat. 6. The seat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the propagation suppressor is a dividing groove configured to divide an inner member of the seat into right and left portions at the central portion in the width direction of the seat. 7. The seat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seat is configured to be mounted as a seat of a vehicle. 8. The seat as claimed in claim 2, further comprising
a second vibrator arranged in the another region, wherein the propagation suppressor is configured to suppress vibration of the second vibrator from being propagated to the first region. 9. The seat as claimed in claim 2, wherein the propagation suppressor is a vibration absorbing member arranged inside the seat at a central portion in a width direction of the seat. 10. The seat as claimed in claim 3, wherein the propagation suppressor is a vibration absorbing member arranged inside the seat at a central portion in a width direction of the seat. 11. The seat as claimed in claim 4, wherein the propagation suppressor is a vibration absorbing member arranged inside the seat at a central portion in a width direction of the seat. 12. The seat as claimed in claim 2, wherein the propagation suppressor is a dividing groove configured to divide an inner member of the seat into right and left portions at the central portion in the width direction of the seat. 13. The seat as claimed in claim 3, wherein the propagation suppressor is a dividing groove configured to divide an inner member of the seat into right and left portions at the central portion in the width direction of the seat. 14. The seat as claimed in claim 4, wherein the propagation suppressor is a dividing groove configured to divide an inner member of the seat into right and left portions at the central portion in the width direction of the seat. 15. The seat as claimed in claim 2, wherein the seat is configured to be mounted as a seat of a vehicle. 16. The seat as claimed in claim 3, wherein the seat is configured to be mounted as a seat of a vehicle. 17. The seat as claimed in claim 4, wherein the seat is configured to be mounted as a seat of a vehicle. 18. The seat as claimed in claim 5, wherein the seat is configured to be mounted as a seat of a vehicle. 19. The seat as claimed in claim 6, wherein the seat is configured to be mounted as a seat of a vehicle. 20. The seat as claimed in claim 8, wherein the seat is configured to be mounted as a seat of a vehicle. | A seat includes a seating portion, a backrest, two pairs of vibrators and a vibration absorbing member, and constitutes a driver's seat of a vehicle. The vibration absorbing member is arranged at a boundary portion between a first region and a second region of the seating portion, and is arranged at an intermediate portion between the pair of vibrators. The vibration absorbing member suppresses vibration of the vibrator from being propagated to the second region and vibration of the vibrator from being propagated to the first region. The vibration absorbing member is arranged at a boundary portion between a first region and a second region of the backrest, and is arranged at an intermediate portion between the pair of vibrators. The vibration absorbing member suppresses vibration of the vibrator from being propagated to the second region and vibration of the vibrator from being propagated to the first region.1. A seat having a first region and another region, comprising;
a first vibrator arranged in the first region; and a propagation suppressor that suppresses vibration of the first vibrator from being propagated to the another region. 2. The seat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the propagation suppressor is a vibration absorbing member provided around the first vibrator. 3. The seat as claimed in claim 1, further comprising
a second vibrator arranged in the another region, wherein the propagation suppressor is configured to suppress vibration of the second vibrator from being propagated to the first region. 4. The seat as claimed in claim 3, wherein the propagation suppressor is a vibration absorbing member provided around the second vibrator. 5. The seat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the propagation suppressor is a vibration absorbing member arranged inside the seat at a central portion in a width direction of the seat. 6. The seat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the propagation suppressor is a dividing groove configured to divide an inner member of the seat into right and left portions at the central portion in the width direction of the seat. 7. The seat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seat is configured to be mounted as a seat of a vehicle. 8. The seat as claimed in claim 2, further comprising
a second vibrator arranged in the another region, wherein the propagation suppressor is configured to suppress vibration of the second vibrator from being propagated to the first region. 9. The seat as claimed in claim 2, wherein the propagation suppressor is a vibration absorbing member arranged inside the seat at a central portion in a width direction of the seat. 10. The seat as claimed in claim 3, wherein the propagation suppressor is a vibration absorbing member arranged inside the seat at a central portion in a width direction of the seat. 11. The seat as claimed in claim 4, wherein the propagation suppressor is a vibration absorbing member arranged inside the seat at a central portion in a width direction of the seat. 12. The seat as claimed in claim 2, wherein the propagation suppressor is a dividing groove configured to divide an inner member of the seat into right and left portions at the central portion in the width direction of the seat. 13. The seat as claimed in claim 3, wherein the propagation suppressor is a dividing groove configured to divide an inner member of the seat into right and left portions at the central portion in the width direction of the seat. 14. The seat as claimed in claim 4, wherein the propagation suppressor is a dividing groove configured to divide an inner member of the seat into right and left portions at the central portion in the width direction of the seat. 15. The seat as claimed in claim 2, wherein the seat is configured to be mounted as a seat of a vehicle. 16. The seat as claimed in claim 3, wherein the seat is configured to be mounted as a seat of a vehicle. 17. The seat as claimed in claim 4, wherein the seat is configured to be mounted as a seat of a vehicle. 18. The seat as claimed in claim 5, wherein the seat is configured to be mounted as a seat of a vehicle. 19. The seat as claimed in claim 6, wherein the seat is configured to be mounted as a seat of a vehicle. 20. The seat as claimed in claim 8, wherein the seat is configured to be mounted as a seat of a vehicle. | 2,400 |
342,756 | 16,642,505 | 2,431 | The present invention discloses halimide and plinabulin and structural analogues and their use in the treatment and prevention in epilepsy and other seizures. The present invention further discloses methods to screen halimide-like molecules as pharmaceutically active compounds. | 1. Halimide or plinabulin for use in the treatment or prevention of epilepsy. 2. The halimide for use in the treatment or prevention of epilepsy in accordance with claim 1, wherein the halimide is the S enantiomer. 3. A method for identifying a pharmaceutical compound against epilepsy, the method comprising the steps of:
providing a compound comprising a 2,5 diketopiperazine moiety, which moiety is substituted at the 6 position with a substituent comprising a imidazole moiety and which is substituted at the 3 position with a substituent comprising a benzyl moiety, and testing the compound for antiseizure activity. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein antiseizure activity is determined in a zebrafish model. 5. The method according to claim 3, wherein antiseizure activity is further determined in a mammalian model. 6. The method according to claim 3, further comprising the step of testing the compound for a side effect. 7. The method according to claim 3, further comprising the step of formulating a compound with determined antiseizure activity into a pharmaceutical composition with an acceptable carrier, for use in the treatment of epilepsy. | The present invention discloses halimide and plinabulin and structural analogues and their use in the treatment and prevention in epilepsy and other seizures. The present invention further discloses methods to screen halimide-like molecules as pharmaceutically active compounds.1. Halimide or plinabulin for use in the treatment or prevention of epilepsy. 2. The halimide for use in the treatment or prevention of epilepsy in accordance with claim 1, wherein the halimide is the S enantiomer. 3. A method for identifying a pharmaceutical compound against epilepsy, the method comprising the steps of:
providing a compound comprising a 2,5 diketopiperazine moiety, which moiety is substituted at the 6 position with a substituent comprising a imidazole moiety and which is substituted at the 3 position with a substituent comprising a benzyl moiety, and testing the compound for antiseizure activity. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein antiseizure activity is determined in a zebrafish model. 5. The method according to claim 3, wherein antiseizure activity is further determined in a mammalian model. 6. The method according to claim 3, further comprising the step of testing the compound for a side effect. 7. The method according to claim 3, further comprising the step of formulating a compound with determined antiseizure activity into a pharmaceutical composition with an acceptable carrier, for use in the treatment of epilepsy. | 2,400 |
342,757 | 16,642,486 | 2,431 | For the field-oriented control of a permanently excited synchronous machine with reluctance torque a flux-generating current component and a torque-generating current component are determined as a function of a required torque. A voltage component in the flux direction is determined as a function of the flux-generating current component, and a voltage component perpendicular to the flux direction is determined as a function of the torque-generating current component. Upon determining a differential amount by subtracting a vectorial sum of the voltage components from a maximum voltage a first differential value is obtain, via output from a PI-voltage controller, based on the differential amount. Upon determining an input voltage component based on the flux-generating current component and the first differential value, the permanently excited synchronous machine is controlled based on the input voltage component. | 1.-9. (canceled) 10. A method for the field-oriented control of a permanently excited synchronous machine with reluctance torque comprising:
a) determining a flux-generating current component and a torque-generating current component as a function of a required torque; b) determining (a) a voltage component in a flux direction as a function of the flux-generating current component and (b) a voltage component perpendicular to the flux direction as a function of the torque-generating current component; c) upon determining a differential amount by subtracting a vectorial sum of the voltage components from a maximum voltage, obtaining a first differential value, via output from a PI-voltage controller, based on the differential amount; and d) upon determining an input voltage component based on the flux-generating current component and the first differential value, controlling the permanently excited synchronous machine based on the input voltage component. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising obtaining the flux-generating current component and the torque-generating current component via a first characteristic diagram, wherein the first characteristic diagram is one-dimensional. 12. The method of claim 10, further comprising determining an input current component based on the input voltage component. 13. The method of claim 12, further comprising upon determining a differential by subtracting the input current component from the sum of the flux-generating current component and the first differential value, determining an updated input voltage component based on the differential. 14. The method of claim 13, further comprising determining the updated input voltage component based further on an angular frequency of a rotor or a flux linkage. 15. The method of claim 12, further comprising determining an achieved torque based on the input current component. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
upon determining a second differential amount by subtracting the achieved torque from the required torque, obtaining a second differential value, via a PI-torque controller, based on the second differential amount; and upon determining a second input voltage component based on the torque-generating current component and the second differential value, controlling the permanently excited synchronous machine based further on the second input voltage component. 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising, upon determining a constant required torque, iteratively determining the input voltage component and the second input voltage component. 18. The method of claim 15, further comprising determining the achieved torque based further on flux linkages. 19. The method of claim 10, wherein the permanently excited synchronous machine is a drive unit of a motor vehicle. 20. A controller for the field-oriented control of a permanently excited synchronous machine with reluctance torque, programmed to:
a) determine a flux-generating current component and a torque-generating current component as a function of a required torque; b) determine (a) a voltage component in a flux direction as a function of the flux-generating current component and (b) a voltage component perpendicular to the flux direction as a function of the torque-generating current component; c) upon determining a differential amount by subtracting a vectorial sum of the voltage components from a maximum voltage, obtain a first differential value, via output from a PI-voltage controller, based on the differential amount; and d) upon determining an input voltage component based on the flux-generating current component and the first differential value, control the permanently excited synchronous machine based on the input voltage component. 21. The controller of claim 20, wherein the controller is further programmed to obtain the flux-generating current component and the torque-generating current component via a first characteristic diagram, wherein the first characteristic diagram is one-dimensional. 22. The controller of claim 20, wherein the controller is further programmed to determine an input current component based on the input voltage component. 23. The controller of claim 22, wherein the controller is further programmed to, upon determining a differential by subtracting the input current component from the sum of the flux-generating current component and the first differential value, determine an updated input voltage component based on the differential. 24. The controller of claim 23, wherein the controller is further programmed to determine the updated input voltage component based further on an angular frequency of a rotor or a flux linkage. 25. The controller of claim 22, wherein the controller is further programmed to determine an achieved torque based on the input current component. 26. The controller of claim 25, wherein the controller is further programmed to:
upon determining a second differential amount by subtracting the achieved torque from the required torque, obtain a second differential value, via a PI-torque controller, based on the second differential amount; and upon determining a second input voltage component based on the torque-generating current component and the second differential value, control the permanently excited synchronous machine based further on the second input voltage component. 27. The controller of claim 26, wherein the controller is further programmed to, upon determining a constant required torque, iteratively determine the input voltage component and the second input voltage component. 28. The controller of claim 25, wherein the controller is further programmed to determine the achieved torque based further on flux linkages. 29. The controller of claim 20, wherein the permanently excited synchronous machine is a drive unit of a motor vehicle. | For the field-oriented control of a permanently excited synchronous machine with reluctance torque a flux-generating current component and a torque-generating current component are determined as a function of a required torque. A voltage component in the flux direction is determined as a function of the flux-generating current component, and a voltage component perpendicular to the flux direction is determined as a function of the torque-generating current component. Upon determining a differential amount by subtracting a vectorial sum of the voltage components from a maximum voltage a first differential value is obtain, via output from a PI-voltage controller, based on the differential amount. Upon determining an input voltage component based on the flux-generating current component and the first differential value, the permanently excited synchronous machine is controlled based on the input voltage component.1.-9. (canceled) 10. A method for the field-oriented control of a permanently excited synchronous machine with reluctance torque comprising:
a) determining a flux-generating current component and a torque-generating current component as a function of a required torque; b) determining (a) a voltage component in a flux direction as a function of the flux-generating current component and (b) a voltage component perpendicular to the flux direction as a function of the torque-generating current component; c) upon determining a differential amount by subtracting a vectorial sum of the voltage components from a maximum voltage, obtaining a first differential value, via output from a PI-voltage controller, based on the differential amount; and d) upon determining an input voltage component based on the flux-generating current component and the first differential value, controlling the permanently excited synchronous machine based on the input voltage component. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising obtaining the flux-generating current component and the torque-generating current component via a first characteristic diagram, wherein the first characteristic diagram is one-dimensional. 12. The method of claim 10, further comprising determining an input current component based on the input voltage component. 13. The method of claim 12, further comprising upon determining a differential by subtracting the input current component from the sum of the flux-generating current component and the first differential value, determining an updated input voltage component based on the differential. 14. The method of claim 13, further comprising determining the updated input voltage component based further on an angular frequency of a rotor or a flux linkage. 15. The method of claim 12, further comprising determining an achieved torque based on the input current component. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
upon determining a second differential amount by subtracting the achieved torque from the required torque, obtaining a second differential value, via a PI-torque controller, based on the second differential amount; and upon determining a second input voltage component based on the torque-generating current component and the second differential value, controlling the permanently excited synchronous machine based further on the second input voltage component. 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising, upon determining a constant required torque, iteratively determining the input voltage component and the second input voltage component. 18. The method of claim 15, further comprising determining the achieved torque based further on flux linkages. 19. The method of claim 10, wherein the permanently excited synchronous machine is a drive unit of a motor vehicle. 20. A controller for the field-oriented control of a permanently excited synchronous machine with reluctance torque, programmed to:
a) determine a flux-generating current component and a torque-generating current component as a function of a required torque; b) determine (a) a voltage component in a flux direction as a function of the flux-generating current component and (b) a voltage component perpendicular to the flux direction as a function of the torque-generating current component; c) upon determining a differential amount by subtracting a vectorial sum of the voltage components from a maximum voltage, obtain a first differential value, via output from a PI-voltage controller, based on the differential amount; and d) upon determining an input voltage component based on the flux-generating current component and the first differential value, control the permanently excited synchronous machine based on the input voltage component. 21. The controller of claim 20, wherein the controller is further programmed to obtain the flux-generating current component and the torque-generating current component via a first characteristic diagram, wherein the first characteristic diagram is one-dimensional. 22. The controller of claim 20, wherein the controller is further programmed to determine an input current component based on the input voltage component. 23. The controller of claim 22, wherein the controller is further programmed to, upon determining a differential by subtracting the input current component from the sum of the flux-generating current component and the first differential value, determine an updated input voltage component based on the differential. 24. The controller of claim 23, wherein the controller is further programmed to determine the updated input voltage component based further on an angular frequency of a rotor or a flux linkage. 25. The controller of claim 22, wherein the controller is further programmed to determine an achieved torque based on the input current component. 26. The controller of claim 25, wherein the controller is further programmed to:
upon determining a second differential amount by subtracting the achieved torque from the required torque, obtain a second differential value, via a PI-torque controller, based on the second differential amount; and upon determining a second input voltage component based on the torque-generating current component and the second differential value, control the permanently excited synchronous machine based further on the second input voltage component. 27. The controller of claim 26, wherein the controller is further programmed to, upon determining a constant required torque, iteratively determine the input voltage component and the second input voltage component. 28. The controller of claim 25, wherein the controller is further programmed to determine the achieved torque based further on flux linkages. 29. The controller of claim 20, wherein the permanently excited synchronous machine is a drive unit of a motor vehicle. | 2,400 |
342,758 | 16,642,488 | 2,431 | A transparent conductor includes a transparent substrate, a first metal oxide layer, a metal layer containing a silver alloy, a third metal oxide layer, and a second metal oxide layer in the order presented. The first metal oxide layer is composed of a metal oxide which is different from ITO, the second metal oxide layer contains ITO, and the work function of the surface of the second metal oxide layer opposite to the metal layer side is 4.5 eV or higher. | 1. A transparent conductor comprising:
a transparent substrate; a first metal oxide layer; a metal layer containing a silver alloy; and a second metal oxide layer, in an order presented, wherein the first metal oxide layer is composed of a metal oxide which is different from ITO, the second metal oxide layer contains ITO, and a work function of a surface of the second metal oxide layer opposite to a metal layer side is 4.5 eV or higher. 2. The transparent conductor according to claim 1, comprising a third metal oxide layer between the metal layer and the second metal oxide layer, wherein the third metal oxide layer is composed of a metal oxide which is different from ITO, and contains zinc oxide, indium oxide, titanium oxide, and tin oxide. 3. The transparent conductor according to claim 1, wherein the first metal oxide layer contains zinc oxide, indium oxide, and titanium oxide. 4. The transparent conductor according to claim 1, wherein a carrier density of the second metal oxide layer is 3.5×1020 [cm−3] or lower. 5. A transparent conductor comprising:
a transparent substrate; a first metal oxide layer; a metal layer containing a silver alloy; and a second metal oxide layer, in an order presented, wherein
the second metal oxide layer contains ITO, and
a ratio of peak area B in a binding energy region of 0.5 to 2.3 eV to peak area A in a binding energy region of 14 to 21 eV (B/A) in an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectrum for a surface of the second metal oxide layer is 1.0×10−3 or lower. 6. The transparent conductor according to claim 5, comprising a third metal oxide layer between the metal layer and the second metal oxide layer. 7. The transparent conductor according to claim 6, wherein the first metal oxide layer and the third metal oxide layer are each composed of a metal oxide which is different from ITO,
wherein the first metal oxide layer contains zinc oxide, indium oxide, and titanium oxide, and wherein the third metal oxide layer contains zinc oxide, indium oxide, titanium oxide, and tin oxide. 8. The transparent conductor according to claim 1, wherein a work function of the surface of the second metal oxide layer is 4.5 eV or higher. 9. The transparent conductor according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of the second metal oxide layer is 2 nm or larger. 10. The transparent conductor according to claim 1, wherein a surface resistance value in a second metal oxide layer side is 30 Ω/sq. or lower. 11. An organic device comprising:
the transparent conductor according to claim 1. 12. The transparent conductor according to claim 2, wherein the first metal oxide layer contains zinc oxide, indium oxide, and titanium oxide. 13. The transparent conductor according to claim 2, wherein a carrier density of the second metal oxide layer is 3.5×1020 [cm−3] or lower. 14. The transparent conductor according to claim 3, wherein a carrier density of the second metal oxide layer is 3.5×1020 [cm−3] or lower. 15. The transparent conductor according to claim 12, wherein a carrier density of the second metal oxide layer is 3.5×1020 [cm−3] or lower. 16. The transparent conductor according to claim 6, wherein a work function of the surface of the second metal oxide layer is 4.5 eV or higher. 17. The transparent conductor according to claim 7, wherein a work function of the surface of the second metal oxide layer is 4.5 eV or higher. 18. The transparent conductor according to claim 5, wherein a thickness of the second metal oxide layer is 2 nm or larger. 19. The transparent conductor according to claim 5, wherein a surface resistance value in a second metal oxide layer side is 30 Ω/sq. or lower. 20. An organic device comprising:
the transparent conductor according to claim 5. | A transparent conductor includes a transparent substrate, a first metal oxide layer, a metal layer containing a silver alloy, a third metal oxide layer, and a second metal oxide layer in the order presented. The first metal oxide layer is composed of a metal oxide which is different from ITO, the second metal oxide layer contains ITO, and the work function of the surface of the second metal oxide layer opposite to the metal layer side is 4.5 eV or higher.1. A transparent conductor comprising:
a transparent substrate; a first metal oxide layer; a metal layer containing a silver alloy; and a second metal oxide layer, in an order presented, wherein the first metal oxide layer is composed of a metal oxide which is different from ITO, the second metal oxide layer contains ITO, and a work function of a surface of the second metal oxide layer opposite to a metal layer side is 4.5 eV or higher. 2. The transparent conductor according to claim 1, comprising a third metal oxide layer between the metal layer and the second metal oxide layer, wherein the third metal oxide layer is composed of a metal oxide which is different from ITO, and contains zinc oxide, indium oxide, titanium oxide, and tin oxide. 3. The transparent conductor according to claim 1, wherein the first metal oxide layer contains zinc oxide, indium oxide, and titanium oxide. 4. The transparent conductor according to claim 1, wherein a carrier density of the second metal oxide layer is 3.5×1020 [cm−3] or lower. 5. A transparent conductor comprising:
a transparent substrate; a first metal oxide layer; a metal layer containing a silver alloy; and a second metal oxide layer, in an order presented, wherein
the second metal oxide layer contains ITO, and
a ratio of peak area B in a binding energy region of 0.5 to 2.3 eV to peak area A in a binding energy region of 14 to 21 eV (B/A) in an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectrum for a surface of the second metal oxide layer is 1.0×10−3 or lower. 6. The transparent conductor according to claim 5, comprising a third metal oxide layer between the metal layer and the second metal oxide layer. 7. The transparent conductor according to claim 6, wherein the first metal oxide layer and the third metal oxide layer are each composed of a metal oxide which is different from ITO,
wherein the first metal oxide layer contains zinc oxide, indium oxide, and titanium oxide, and wherein the third metal oxide layer contains zinc oxide, indium oxide, titanium oxide, and tin oxide. 8. The transparent conductor according to claim 1, wherein a work function of the surface of the second metal oxide layer is 4.5 eV or higher. 9. The transparent conductor according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of the second metal oxide layer is 2 nm or larger. 10. The transparent conductor according to claim 1, wherein a surface resistance value in a second metal oxide layer side is 30 Ω/sq. or lower. 11. An organic device comprising:
the transparent conductor according to claim 1. 12. The transparent conductor according to claim 2, wherein the first metal oxide layer contains zinc oxide, indium oxide, and titanium oxide. 13. The transparent conductor according to claim 2, wherein a carrier density of the second metal oxide layer is 3.5×1020 [cm−3] or lower. 14. The transparent conductor according to claim 3, wherein a carrier density of the second metal oxide layer is 3.5×1020 [cm−3] or lower. 15. The transparent conductor according to claim 12, wherein a carrier density of the second metal oxide layer is 3.5×1020 [cm−3] or lower. 16. The transparent conductor according to claim 6, wherein a work function of the surface of the second metal oxide layer is 4.5 eV or higher. 17. The transparent conductor according to claim 7, wherein a work function of the surface of the second metal oxide layer is 4.5 eV or higher. 18. The transparent conductor according to claim 5, wherein a thickness of the second metal oxide layer is 2 nm or larger. 19. The transparent conductor according to claim 5, wherein a surface resistance value in a second metal oxide layer side is 30 Ω/sq. or lower. 20. An organic device comprising:
the transparent conductor according to claim 5. | 2,400 |
342,759 | 16,642,502 | 3,658 | A manual transmission includes a coaxially arranged input shaft and output shaft, a first intermediate shaft and parallel second intermediate shaft), spaced from the input shaft, a drive side gear pair a drive gear rotationally fixed on the input shaft and an intermediate gear rotationally fixed on the first intermediate shaft, and an output side gear pair with a second intermediate gear rotationally fixed on the second intermediate shaft and an output gear rotationally fixed on the output shaft, wherein, drive torque is transferred from the input shaft to the output shaft over the drive side gear pair, while no drive torque is transferred over the output side gear pair and, with at least three other switchable gears, drive torque is transmitted from the input shaft to the output shaft over the output side gear pair, while no drive torque is transmitted over the drive side gear pair | 1. A manual transmission with multiple switchable gears for a motor vehicle, comprising:
an input shaft and an output shaft which is disposed coaxially to the input shaft, a first intermediate shaft and a second intermediate shaft, which are disposed parallel to and spaced apart from the input shaft, a gear pair on a drive-side and including a drive gear arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on the input shaft and a first intermediate gear arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on the first intermediate shaft, a gear pair on an output side and including a second intermediate gear arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on the second intermediate shaft and an output gear arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on the output shaft, wherein, in a traction mode of the manual transmission;
in an engaged state of at least one switchable gear, drive torque is transferred from the input shaft to the output shaft over the gear pair on the drive side, while no drive torque is transferred over the gear pair on the output side and,
in an engaged state of at least three other switchable gears, drive torque is transmitted from the input shaft to the output shaft over the gear pair on the output side, while no drive torque is transmitted over the gear pair on the drive side. 2. The transmission of claim 1, wherein, in an engaged state of a crawler gear, drive torque is transmitted over the gear pair on the drive-side. 3. The transmission of claim 1, wherein, in an engaged state of a second forward gear and in an engaged state at least one further forward gear, drive torque is transmitted over the gear pair on the output side. 4. The transmission of claim 1, wherein, in an engaged state of a reverse gear, drive torque is transmitted over the gear pair on the drive side. 5. The transmission of claim 1, wherein, in an engaged state of a further forward gear, the first intermediate shaft is rotationally connected with the second intermediate shaft. 6. The transmission of claim 1, wherein the first intermediate shaft and the second intermediate shaft are disposed coaxially, the first intermediate shaft being constructed as an inner shaft and the second intermediate shaft as a hollow shaft. 7. The transmission of claim 1, wherein,
at one end of the first intermediate shaft, the first intermediate gear is arranged and, at another end of the first intermediate shaft, one of the following are arranged:
a fixed gear,
an idler gear of a crawler gear, or
an idler gear of a reverse gear. 8. The transmission of claim 6, further comprising a first double gear shifting clutch disposed on the second intermediate shaft by which, in a first shifting position, the first intermediate gear and, in a second shifting position, an idler gear, disposed rotationally fixed on the second intermediate shaft, are adapted to be rotationally connected with the second intermediate shaft. 9. The transmission of claim 6, further comprising an intermediate plate for supporting the input shaft and/or the output shaft and the first intermediate shaft and/or the second intermediate shaft, the intermediate plate being disposed between the gear pair on the output side and the fixed gear or the idler gear of the reverse gear. 10. The transmission of claim 6, further comprising a gear shift clutch to connect the idler gear of the reverse gear with the shaft, on which the idler gear is disposed, the idler gear being disposed in the axial direction between the gear pair on the output side and the gear shift clutch. 11. The transmission of claim 8, further comprising a second gear shift clutch disposed in the axial direction between the first dual gear shift clutch and the gear pair on the output side in order to connect idler gears of further forward gears in a non-rotatable manner on the input shaft or the second intermediate shaft. 12. The transmission of claim 11, wherein the second dual gear shift clutch serves to connect a gear of a direct gear with the input shaft in a rotationally fixed manner, wherein, with the direct gear engaged, the input shaft and the output shaft rotate at the same speed. 13. The transmission of claim 12, further comprising a gear shift clutch provided in the axial direction between the first dual gear shift clutch and the second dual gear shift clutch, in order to connect at least one idler gear, which is disposed on the input shaft or on the second intermediate shaft and is a part of at least one further forward gear, in a rotationally fixed manner with the input shaft or the second intermediate shaft. 14. The transmission of claim 13, wherein the further gear shift clutch is formed as a third dual gear shift clutch, in order to connect two idler gears, which are disposed on the input shaft or on the second intermediate shaft and are a part of two further forward gears, rotationally fixed with the input shaft or the second intermediate shaft. 15. The transmission of claim 13, wherein the second dual gear shift clutch and the gear shift clutch are each disposed on the input shaft. | A manual transmission includes a coaxially arranged input shaft and output shaft, a first intermediate shaft and parallel second intermediate shaft), spaced from the input shaft, a drive side gear pair a drive gear rotationally fixed on the input shaft and an intermediate gear rotationally fixed on the first intermediate shaft, and an output side gear pair with a second intermediate gear rotationally fixed on the second intermediate shaft and an output gear rotationally fixed on the output shaft, wherein, drive torque is transferred from the input shaft to the output shaft over the drive side gear pair, while no drive torque is transferred over the output side gear pair and, with at least three other switchable gears, drive torque is transmitted from the input shaft to the output shaft over the output side gear pair, while no drive torque is transmitted over the drive side gear pair1. A manual transmission with multiple switchable gears for a motor vehicle, comprising:
an input shaft and an output shaft which is disposed coaxially to the input shaft, a first intermediate shaft and a second intermediate shaft, which are disposed parallel to and spaced apart from the input shaft, a gear pair on a drive-side and including a drive gear arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on the input shaft and a first intermediate gear arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on the first intermediate shaft, a gear pair on an output side and including a second intermediate gear arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on the second intermediate shaft and an output gear arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on the output shaft, wherein, in a traction mode of the manual transmission;
in an engaged state of at least one switchable gear, drive torque is transferred from the input shaft to the output shaft over the gear pair on the drive side, while no drive torque is transferred over the gear pair on the output side and,
in an engaged state of at least three other switchable gears, drive torque is transmitted from the input shaft to the output shaft over the gear pair on the output side, while no drive torque is transmitted over the gear pair on the drive side. 2. The transmission of claim 1, wherein, in an engaged state of a crawler gear, drive torque is transmitted over the gear pair on the drive-side. 3. The transmission of claim 1, wherein, in an engaged state of a second forward gear and in an engaged state at least one further forward gear, drive torque is transmitted over the gear pair on the output side. 4. The transmission of claim 1, wherein, in an engaged state of a reverse gear, drive torque is transmitted over the gear pair on the drive side. 5. The transmission of claim 1, wherein, in an engaged state of a further forward gear, the first intermediate shaft is rotationally connected with the second intermediate shaft. 6. The transmission of claim 1, wherein the first intermediate shaft and the second intermediate shaft are disposed coaxially, the first intermediate shaft being constructed as an inner shaft and the second intermediate shaft as a hollow shaft. 7. The transmission of claim 1, wherein,
at one end of the first intermediate shaft, the first intermediate gear is arranged and, at another end of the first intermediate shaft, one of the following are arranged:
a fixed gear,
an idler gear of a crawler gear, or
an idler gear of a reverse gear. 8. The transmission of claim 6, further comprising a first double gear shifting clutch disposed on the second intermediate shaft by which, in a first shifting position, the first intermediate gear and, in a second shifting position, an idler gear, disposed rotationally fixed on the second intermediate shaft, are adapted to be rotationally connected with the second intermediate shaft. 9. The transmission of claim 6, further comprising an intermediate plate for supporting the input shaft and/or the output shaft and the first intermediate shaft and/or the second intermediate shaft, the intermediate plate being disposed between the gear pair on the output side and the fixed gear or the idler gear of the reverse gear. 10. The transmission of claim 6, further comprising a gear shift clutch to connect the idler gear of the reverse gear with the shaft, on which the idler gear is disposed, the idler gear being disposed in the axial direction between the gear pair on the output side and the gear shift clutch. 11. The transmission of claim 8, further comprising a second gear shift clutch disposed in the axial direction between the first dual gear shift clutch and the gear pair on the output side in order to connect idler gears of further forward gears in a non-rotatable manner on the input shaft or the second intermediate shaft. 12. The transmission of claim 11, wherein the second dual gear shift clutch serves to connect a gear of a direct gear with the input shaft in a rotationally fixed manner, wherein, with the direct gear engaged, the input shaft and the output shaft rotate at the same speed. 13. The transmission of claim 12, further comprising a gear shift clutch provided in the axial direction between the first dual gear shift clutch and the second dual gear shift clutch, in order to connect at least one idler gear, which is disposed on the input shaft or on the second intermediate shaft and is a part of at least one further forward gear, in a rotationally fixed manner with the input shaft or the second intermediate shaft. 14. The transmission of claim 13, wherein the further gear shift clutch is formed as a third dual gear shift clutch, in order to connect two idler gears, which are disposed on the input shaft or on the second intermediate shaft and are a part of two further forward gears, rotationally fixed with the input shaft or the second intermediate shaft. 15. The transmission of claim 13, wherein the second dual gear shift clutch and the gear shift clutch are each disposed on the input shaft. | 3,600 |
342,760 | 16,642,481 | 3,658 | An electric device, comprising: a power module having a circuit carrier on which a circuit component is disposed; a cooling structure; and an intermediate structure disposed between the circuit carrier and the cooling structure, wherein the cooling structure is made of a first metal material, and the intermediate structure is made of a second metal material having a higher thermal conductivity than that of the first metal material. | 1. An electric device, comprising:
a power module having a circuit carrier on which a circuit component is disposed; a cooling structure; and an intermediate structure disposed between the circuit carrier and the cooling structure, wherein the cooling structure is made of a first metal material, and the intermediate structure is made of a second metal material having a higher thermal conductivity than that of the first metal material. 2. The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling structure is connected directly to the intermediate structure. 3. The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate structure is directly connected to the circuit carrier. 4. The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the second metal material has a coefficient of thermal expansion lower than that of the first metal material. 5. The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling structure is made of aluminum, and wherein the intermediate structure comprises a copper-based structure. 6. The electric device according to claim 5, wherein the copper-based structure comprises a copper plate. 7. The electric device according to claim 5, wherein a thickness of the copper-based substrate is in a range from 25 μm to 5 mm. 8. The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate structure is welded to the cooling structure. 9. The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate structure is bonded to the bottom surface of the circuit carrier through soldering or low pressure silver sintering. 10. The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the circuit carrier comprises any one of substrate, a direct copper bonded plate and a printed circuit board. 11. The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling structure comprises:
a housing having a cavity; a flow distributer disposed within the cavity of the housing; and a cover plate configured to seal the cavity of the housing and attached to the intermediate structure. 12. The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling structure comprises:
a main body formed with a fluid flow channel in a top surface thereof; and a cover plate covering the top surface of the main body to seal the fluid flow channel and attached to the intermediate structure. 13. The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling structure comprises:
a main body formed with a fluid flow channel in a bottom surface thereof, a top surface of the main body being attach to the intermediate structure; and a cover plate covering the bottom surface of the main body to seal the fluid flow channel. 14. The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling structure comprises:
a first plate-shaped body; and a second plate-shaped body disposed opposite to the first plate-shaped body, wherein the first plate-shaped body is formed on a surface thereof facing the second plate-shaped body with a first protruding structure, the second plate-shaped body is formed on a surface thereof facing the first plate-shaped body with a second protruding structure, and the first and second protruding structures form a fluid flow channel. 15. The electric device according to claim 14, wherein a top end of the first protruding structure is bonded to the second plate-shaped body in a fluid-tight manner by welding or brazing, and a top end of the second protruding structure is bonded to the first plate-shaped body in a fluid-tight manner by welding or brazing. 16. The electric device according to claim 15, wherein the welding or brazing comprises active metal brazing. 17. The electric device according to claim 14, wherein the first protruding structure comprises a first wall extending in a first direction and a plurality of second walls extending towards the second protruding structure, the second protruding structure comprises a first wall extending in the first direction and a plurality of second walls extending towards the first protruding structure, and the second walls of the first protruding structure and the second walls of the second protruding structure are alternately arranged in the first direction, such that the fluid flow channel is tortuous. 18. The electric device according to claim 15, wherein the second walls of the first protruding structure are equidistantly spaced apart by a distance of about 5.2 mm, the second walls of the second protruding structure are equidistantly spaced apart by a distance of about 5.2 mm, a thickness of each of the second walls of the first and the second protruding structures is about 1.2 mm. 19. A method of manufacturing the electric device recited in claim 14, comprising the steps of:
supplying a first plate-shaped body, forming a first protruding structure on a surface of the first plate-shaped body, supplying a second plate-shaped body, forming a second protruding structure on a surface of the second plate-shaped body, bonding the top end of the first protruding structure to the second plate-shaped body in a fluid-tight manner by welding or brazing, bonding the top end of the second protruding structure to the first plate-shaped body in a fluid-tight manner by welding or brazing, whereby the first and second protruding structures form a fluid flow channel. 20. The method of manufacturing the electric device according to claim 19 whereby the welding or brazing comprises active metal brazing. 21. The method of manufacturing the electric device according to claim 20 comprising the additional step of supplying one or more preforms to enable the welding or brazing process. 22. The method of manufacturing the electric device according to claim 19 in which at least one of the first protruding structures or the second protruding structures are formed by forging. | An electric device, comprising: a power module having a circuit carrier on which a circuit component is disposed; a cooling structure; and an intermediate structure disposed between the circuit carrier and the cooling structure, wherein the cooling structure is made of a first metal material, and the intermediate structure is made of a second metal material having a higher thermal conductivity than that of the first metal material.1. An electric device, comprising:
a power module having a circuit carrier on which a circuit component is disposed; a cooling structure; and an intermediate structure disposed between the circuit carrier and the cooling structure, wherein the cooling structure is made of a first metal material, and the intermediate structure is made of a second metal material having a higher thermal conductivity than that of the first metal material. 2. The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling structure is connected directly to the intermediate structure. 3. The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate structure is directly connected to the circuit carrier. 4. The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the second metal material has a coefficient of thermal expansion lower than that of the first metal material. 5. The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling structure is made of aluminum, and wherein the intermediate structure comprises a copper-based structure. 6. The electric device according to claim 5, wherein the copper-based structure comprises a copper plate. 7. The electric device according to claim 5, wherein a thickness of the copper-based substrate is in a range from 25 μm to 5 mm. 8. The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate structure is welded to the cooling structure. 9. The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate structure is bonded to the bottom surface of the circuit carrier through soldering or low pressure silver sintering. 10. The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the circuit carrier comprises any one of substrate, a direct copper bonded plate and a printed circuit board. 11. The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling structure comprises:
a housing having a cavity; a flow distributer disposed within the cavity of the housing; and a cover plate configured to seal the cavity of the housing and attached to the intermediate structure. 12. The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling structure comprises:
a main body formed with a fluid flow channel in a top surface thereof; and a cover plate covering the top surface of the main body to seal the fluid flow channel and attached to the intermediate structure. 13. The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling structure comprises:
a main body formed with a fluid flow channel in a bottom surface thereof, a top surface of the main body being attach to the intermediate structure; and a cover plate covering the bottom surface of the main body to seal the fluid flow channel. 14. The electric device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling structure comprises:
a first plate-shaped body; and a second plate-shaped body disposed opposite to the first plate-shaped body, wherein the first plate-shaped body is formed on a surface thereof facing the second plate-shaped body with a first protruding structure, the second plate-shaped body is formed on a surface thereof facing the first plate-shaped body with a second protruding structure, and the first and second protruding structures form a fluid flow channel. 15. The electric device according to claim 14, wherein a top end of the first protruding structure is bonded to the second plate-shaped body in a fluid-tight manner by welding or brazing, and a top end of the second protruding structure is bonded to the first plate-shaped body in a fluid-tight manner by welding or brazing. 16. The electric device according to claim 15, wherein the welding or brazing comprises active metal brazing. 17. The electric device according to claim 14, wherein the first protruding structure comprises a first wall extending in a first direction and a plurality of second walls extending towards the second protruding structure, the second protruding structure comprises a first wall extending in the first direction and a plurality of second walls extending towards the first protruding structure, and the second walls of the first protruding structure and the second walls of the second protruding structure are alternately arranged in the first direction, such that the fluid flow channel is tortuous. 18. The electric device according to claim 15, wherein the second walls of the first protruding structure are equidistantly spaced apart by a distance of about 5.2 mm, the second walls of the second protruding structure are equidistantly spaced apart by a distance of about 5.2 mm, a thickness of each of the second walls of the first and the second protruding structures is about 1.2 mm. 19. A method of manufacturing the electric device recited in claim 14, comprising the steps of:
supplying a first plate-shaped body, forming a first protruding structure on a surface of the first plate-shaped body, supplying a second plate-shaped body, forming a second protruding structure on a surface of the second plate-shaped body, bonding the top end of the first protruding structure to the second plate-shaped body in a fluid-tight manner by welding or brazing, bonding the top end of the second protruding structure to the first plate-shaped body in a fluid-tight manner by welding or brazing, whereby the first and second protruding structures form a fluid flow channel. 20. The method of manufacturing the electric device according to claim 19 whereby the welding or brazing comprises active metal brazing. 21. The method of manufacturing the electric device according to claim 20 comprising the additional step of supplying one or more preforms to enable the welding or brazing process. 22. The method of manufacturing the electric device according to claim 19 in which at least one of the first protruding structures or the second protruding structures are formed by forging. | 3,600 |
342,761 | 16,642,494 | 3,658 | The present invention discloses isoquinolines and 1H-2-Benzopyranes and their use in the treatment and prevention in epilepsy and other seizures. The present invention further discloses methods to screen isoquinoline- and 1H-2-Benzopyran-like molecules as pharmaceutically active compounds. | 1. An isoquinoline or 1H-2-Benzopyran, selected from the group consisting of TMC-120A, TMC-120B, TMC-120C, penicisochroman G, ustusorane B, compound 6 (7-methylfuro[3,2-h]isoquinoline-3(2H)-one) and compound 7 (2-(7-methyl-2,3-dihydrofuro[3,2-h]isoquinoline-2-yl)-propan-2-ol) for use in the treatment or prevention of epilepsy. 2. An isoquinoline or 1H-2-Benzopyran in accordance with claim 1, in combination with halimide or plinabulin, for use in the treatment or prevention of epilepsy. 3. A method for identifying pharmaceutical compounds against epilepsy, the method comprising the steps of:
providing a compound which comprises a benzene ring fused to a) a pyridine ring b) or a puran ring and fused to a modified or unmodified furan group as depicted in formula 1 or formula 2
and, 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein said pyridine or puran ring is further methylated as depicted in formula 3 or formula 4 5. The method according to claim 3, wherein said compound comprises a moiety as depicted in formula 5 or 6 6. The method according to claim 3, which comprises an isoquinoline or 1H-2-Benzopyran moiety and testing the compound for antiseizure activity. 7. The method according to claim 3, wherein the compound with a isoquinoline or 1H-2-Benzopyran moiety is a TMC-120A, TMC-120B, TMC-120C, penicisochroman G, ustusorane B, furo[3,2-h]isoquinoline-3(2H)-one,7-methyl- and furo[3,2-h]isoquinoline-2-methanol,2,3-dihydro-α,α,7-trimethyl-,(2S)—. 8. The method according to claim 3, wherein halimide is added to said compound for testing antiseizure activity. 9. The method according to claim 3, wherein the isoquinoline or 1H-2-Benzypuran is a compound as depicted in FIGS. 1 and/or 2, with modified molecular structure or stereochemistry. 10. The method according to claim 3, wherein anti-seizure activity is determined in a zebrafish model. 11. The method according to claim 3, wherein anti-seizure activity is further determined in a mammalian model. 12. The method according to claim 3, further comprising the step of testing the compound for a side effect. 13. The method according to claim 3, further comprising the step of formulating a compound with determined anti-seizure activity into a pharmaceutical composition with an acceptable carrier, for use in the treatment of epilepsy. | The present invention discloses isoquinolines and 1H-2-Benzopyranes and their use in the treatment and prevention in epilepsy and other seizures. The present invention further discloses methods to screen isoquinoline- and 1H-2-Benzopyran-like molecules as pharmaceutically active compounds.1. An isoquinoline or 1H-2-Benzopyran, selected from the group consisting of TMC-120A, TMC-120B, TMC-120C, penicisochroman G, ustusorane B, compound 6 (7-methylfuro[3,2-h]isoquinoline-3(2H)-one) and compound 7 (2-(7-methyl-2,3-dihydrofuro[3,2-h]isoquinoline-2-yl)-propan-2-ol) for use in the treatment or prevention of epilepsy. 2. An isoquinoline or 1H-2-Benzopyran in accordance with claim 1, in combination with halimide or plinabulin, for use in the treatment or prevention of epilepsy. 3. A method for identifying pharmaceutical compounds against epilepsy, the method comprising the steps of:
providing a compound which comprises a benzene ring fused to a) a pyridine ring b) or a puran ring and fused to a modified or unmodified furan group as depicted in formula 1 or formula 2
and, 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein said pyridine or puran ring is further methylated as depicted in formula 3 or formula 4 5. The method according to claim 3, wherein said compound comprises a moiety as depicted in formula 5 or 6 6. The method according to claim 3, which comprises an isoquinoline or 1H-2-Benzopyran moiety and testing the compound for antiseizure activity. 7. The method according to claim 3, wherein the compound with a isoquinoline or 1H-2-Benzopyran moiety is a TMC-120A, TMC-120B, TMC-120C, penicisochroman G, ustusorane B, furo[3,2-h]isoquinoline-3(2H)-one,7-methyl- and furo[3,2-h]isoquinoline-2-methanol,2,3-dihydro-α,α,7-trimethyl-,(2S)—. 8. The method according to claim 3, wherein halimide is added to said compound for testing antiseizure activity. 9. The method according to claim 3, wherein the isoquinoline or 1H-2-Benzypuran is a compound as depicted in FIGS. 1 and/or 2, with modified molecular structure or stereochemistry. 10. The method according to claim 3, wherein anti-seizure activity is determined in a zebrafish model. 11. The method according to claim 3, wherein anti-seizure activity is further determined in a mammalian model. 12. The method according to claim 3, further comprising the step of testing the compound for a side effect. 13. The method according to claim 3, further comprising the step of formulating a compound with determined anti-seizure activity into a pharmaceutical composition with an acceptable carrier, for use in the treatment of epilepsy. | 3,600 |
342,762 | 16,642,469 | 3,658 | The present disclosure discloses a shift register, a driving method thereof, a gate drive circuit, an array substrate and a display device. With a signal control circuit, a branch control circuit, a cascade signal output circuit and at least two scan signal output circuits, each shift register can output at least two scan signals to correspond to different gate lines in a display panel. This can reduce the number of shift registers in a gate drive circuit and the space occupied by the gate drive circuit and can achieve an ultra-narrow frame design, as compared with an existing shift register that can only output one scan signal. Moreover, as signals of different output control node do not influence each other, the output stability can also be improved. | 1. A shift register, comprising:
a signal control circuit coupled to an input signal terminal and a reset signal terminal; a branch control circuit coupled to a first output terminal of the signal control circuit; a cascade signal output circuit coupled to a cascade signal output terminal and a second output terminal of the signal control circuit; and at least two scan signal output circuits, wherein one of the at least two scan signal output circuits is coupled to the second output terminal of the signal control circuit, at least one corresponding scan signal output terminal, and one corresponding output terminal of the branch control circuit. 2. The shift register according to claim 1, wherein the cascade signal output circuit is coupled to one output terminal of the branch control circuit. 3. The shift register according to claim 2, wherein the at least two scan signal output circuits comprise two scan signal output circuits, which are a first scan signal output circuit and a second scan signal output circuit;
the first scan signal output circuit is coupled to a first output terminal of the branch control circuit; and the second scan signal output circuit is coupled to a second output terminal of the branch control circuit. 4. The shift register according to claim 3, wherein the branch control circuit comprises a first transistor and a second transistor;
under the control of an effective level, the first transistor communicates the first output terminal of the signal control circuit with the first output terminal of the branch control circuit; and under the control of an effective level, the second transistor communicates the first output terminal of the signal control circuit with the second output terminal of the branch control circuit. 5. The shift register according to claim 4, wherein a gate of the first transistor and a first electrode of the first transistor are coupled to the first output terminal of the signal control circuit, and a second electrode of the first transistor is the first output terminal of the branch control circuit; and
a gate of the second transistor and a first electrode of the second transistor are coupled to the first output terminal of the signal control circuit, and a second electrode of the second transistor is the second output terminal of the branch control circuit. 6. The shift register according to claim 4, wherein a gate of the first transistor is coupled to a first reference signal terminal, a first electrode of the first transistor is coupled to the first output terminal of the signal control circuit, and a second electrode of the first transistor is the first output terminal of the branch control circuit; and
a gate of the second transistor is coupled to the first reference signal terminal, a first electrode of the second transistor is coupled to the first output terminal of the signal control circuit, and a second electrode of the second transistor is the second output terminal of the branch control circuit. 7. The shift register according to claim 3, wherein
the first scan signal output circuit comprises at least one first sub-scan signal output circuit, wherein one of the at least one first sub-scan signal output circuit is coupled to a second reference signal terminal, one corresponding first clock signal terminal, and one corresponding first sub-scan signal output terminal, respectively; and the second scan signal output circuit comprises at least one second sub-scan signal output circuit, wherein one of the at least one second sub-scan signal output circuit is coupled to a second reference signal terminal, one corresponding second clock signal terminal, and one corresponding second sub-scan signal output terminal, respectively. 8. The shift register according to claim 7, wherein the first sub-scan signal output circuit comprises a third transistor, a fourth transistor and a first capacitor;
a gate of the third transistor is coupled to the first output terminal of the branch control circuit, a first electrode of the third transistor is coupled to the corresponding first clock signal terminal, and a second electrode of the third transistor is coupled to the corresponding first sub-scan signal output terminal; a gate of the fourth transistor is coupled to the second output terminal of the signal control circuit, a first electrode of the fourth transistor is coupled to the second reference signal terminal, and a second electrode of the fourth transistor is coupled to the corresponding first sub-scan signal output terminal; and the first capacitor is coupled between the gate of the third transistor and the corresponding first sub-scan signal output terminal. 9. (canceled) 10. The shift register according to claim 7, wherein the second sub-scan signal output circuit comprises a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor and a second capacitor;
a gate of the fifth transistor is coupled to the second output terminal of the branch control circuit, a first electrode of the fifth transistor is coupled to the corresponding second clock signal terminal, and a second electrode of the fifth transistor is coupled to the corresponding second sub-scan signal output terminal; a gate of the sixth transistor is coupled to the second output terminal of the signal control circuit, a first electrode of the sixth transistor is coupled to the second reference signal terminal, and a second electrode of the sixth transistor is coupled to the corresponding second sub-scan signal output terminal; and the second capacitor is coupled between the gate of the fifth transistor and the second sub-scan signal output terminal. 11. The shift register according to claim 3, wherein the cascade signal output circuit comprises a seventh transistor and an eighth transistor;
a gate of the seventh transistor is coupled to the first output terminal of the branch control circuit, a first electrode of the seventh transistor is coupled to a third clock signal terminal, and a second electrode of the seventh transistor is coupled to the cascade signal output terminal; and a gate of the eighth transistor is coupled to the second output terminal of the signal control circuit, a first electrode of the eighth transistor is coupled to a third reference signal terminal, and a second electrode of the eighth transistor is coupled to the cascade signal output terminal. 12. The shift register according to claim 3, wherein the signal control circuit comprises an input circuit, a reset circuit, and a node control circuit;
the input circuit is coupled to the input signal terminal, a first reference signal terminal and the first output terminal of the signal control circuit, respectively; the reset circuit is coupled to the reset signal terminal, a third reference signal terminal, and the first output terminal of the branch control circuit and the second output terminal of the branch control circuit, respectively; and the node control circuit is coupled to the first reference signal terminal, the third reference signal terminal, the first output terminal of the signal control circuit and the second output terminal of the signal control circuit, and the first output terminal of the branch control circuit and the second output terminal of the branch control circuit, respectively. 13. The shift register according to claim 12, wherein
the input circuit comprises a ninth transistor, wherein a gate of the ninth transistor is coupled to the input signal terminal, a first electrode of the ninth transistor is coupled to the first reference signal terminal, and a second electrode of the ninth transistor is coupled to the first output terminal of the signal control circuit; the reset circuit comprises a tenth transistor and an eleventh transistor, wherein a gate of the tenth transistor is coupled to the reset signal terminal, a first electrode of the tenth transistor is coupled to the third reference signal terminal, and a second electrode of the tenth transistor is coupled to the first output terminal of the branch control circuit; and a gate of the eleventh transistor is coupled to the reset signal terminal, a first electrode of the eleventh transistor is coupled to the third reference signal terminal, and a second electrode of the eleventh transistor is coupled to the second output terminal of the branch control circuit; and the node control circuit comprises a twelfth transistor, a thirteenth transistor, a fourteenth transistor and a fifteenth transistor, wherein a gate of the twelfth transistor is coupled to the second output terminal of the signal control circuit, a first electrode of the twelfth transistor is coupled to the third reference signal terminal, and a second electrode of the twelfth transistor is coupled to the first output terminal of the branch control circuit; a gate of the thirteen transistor is coupled to the second output terminal of the signal control circuit, a first electrode of the thirteen transistor is coupled to the third reference signal terminal, and a second electrode of the thirteen transistor is coupled to the second output terminal of the branch control circuit; a gate of the fourteenth transistor and a first electrode of the fourteenth transistor are coupled to the first reference signal terminal, and a second electrode of the fourteenth transistor is coupled to the second output terminal of the signal control circuit; and a gate of the fifteenth transistor is coupled to the first output terminal of the signal control circuit, a first electrode of the fifteenth transistor is coupled to the third reference signal terminal, and a second electrode of the fifteenth transistor is coupled to the second output terminal of the signal control circuit. 14. The shift register according to claim 13, wherein
the reset circuit further comprises a sixteenth transistor, wherein the first electrode of the tenth transistor and the first electrode of the eleventh transistor are coupled to the third reference signal terminal through the sixteenth transistor; and a gate of the sixteenth transistor is coupled to the reset signal terminal; and the node control circuit further comprises a seventeenth transistor, wherein the first electrode of the twelfth transistor and the first electrode of the thirteenth transistor are respectively coupled to the third reference signal terminal through the seventeenth transistor; and a gate of the seventeenth transistor is coupled to the second output terminal of the signal control circuit. 15. The shift register according to claim 1, further comprising a detection circuit, wherein the detection circuit comprises an eighteenth transistor, a nineteenth transistor, a twentieth transistor, a twenty-first transistor, a twenty-second transistor and a third capacitor;
a gate of the eighteenth transistor is coupled to a first detection control signal terminal, a first electrode of the eighteenth transistor is coupled to the input signal terminal, and a second electrode of the eighteenth transistor is coupled to a first electrode of the twentieth transistor; a gate of the nineteenth transistor is coupled to the first detection control signal terminal, a first electrode of the nineteenth transistor is coupled to a gate of the twenty-first transistor, and a second electrode of the nineteenth transistor is coupled to the first electrode of the twentieth transistor; a gate of the twentieth transistor is coupled to the gate of the twenty-first transistor, and a second electrode of the twentieth transistor is coupled to a fourth reference signal terminal; a first electrode of the twenty-first transistor is coupled to the fourth reference signal terminal, and a second electrode of the twenty-first transistor is coupled to a first electrode of the twenty-second transistor; a gate of the twenty-second transistor is coupled to a second detection control signal terminal, and a second electrode of the twenty-second transistor is coupled to the first output terminal of the signal control circuit; and the third capacitor is coupled between the first electrode of the twenty-first transistor and the gate of the twenty-first transistor. 16. A gate drive circuit, comprising a plurality of cascaded shift registers according to claim 1, wherein
an input signal terminal of a first-stage shift register is coupled to a frame start signal terminal; in every adjacent four stages of shift registers, an input signal terminal of a fourth-stage shift register is coupled to a cascade signal input terminal of the first-stage shift register; and in every adjacent five stages of shift registers, a reset signal terminal of the first-stage shift register is coupled to a cascade signal input terminal of a fifth-stage shift register. 17. An array substrate, comprising the gate drive circuit according to claim 16. 18. A display device, comprising the array substrate according to claim 17. 19. A driving method of the shift register according to claim 1, comprising a display scanning phase, wherein the display scanning phase comprises an input phase, an output phase and a reset phase;
in the input phase, the signal control circuit controls a signal of the first output terminal of the signal control circuit and a signal of the second output terminal of the signal control circuit in response to a signal of the input signal terminal; the branch control circuit controls output signals of output terminals of the branch control circuit in response to the signal of the first output terminal of the signal control circuit; the cascade signal output circuit controls the cascade signal output terminal to output a cascade signal in response to the output signal of one output terminal of the branch control circuit; and each of the scan signal output circuits controls at least one corresponding scan signal output terminal to output a different scan signal in response to the signal of one corresponding output terminal of the branch control circuit; in the output phase, the branch control circuit controls output signals of output terminals of the branch control circuit in response to a signal of the first output terminal of the signal control circuit; the cascade signal output circuit controls the cascade signal output terminal to output a cascade signal in response to the output signal of one output terminal of the branch control circuit; and each of the scan signal output circuits controls at least one corresponding scan signal output terminal to output a different scan signal in response to the signal of one corresponding output terminal of the branch control circuit; and in the reset phase, the signal control circuit controls signals of the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the signal control circuit in response to a signal of the reset signal terminal; the cascade signal output circuit controls the cascade signal output terminal to output a cascade signal in response to the output signal of one output terminal of the branch control circuit; and each of the scan signal output circuits outputs a different scan signal in response to a signal of a corresponding output control node. 20. The driving method according to claim 19, wherein the scan signal output circuits comprise two scan signal output circuits, which are a first scan signal output circuit and a second scan signal output circuit; the first scan signal output circuit comprises a plurality of first sub-scan signal output circuits; and the second scan signal output circuit comprises a plurality of second sub-scan signal output circuits;
in the input phase and the output phase, each of the first sub-scan signal output circuits provides a signal of a corresponding first clock signal terminal to a corresponding first sub-scan signal output terminal in response to a signal of a first output terminal of the branch control circuit; each of the second sub-scan signal output circuits provides a signal of a corresponding second clock signal terminal to a corresponding second sub-scan signal output terminal in response to a signal of a second output terminal of the branch control circuit; and the cascade signal output circuit provides a signal of a third clock signal terminal to the cascade signal output terminal in response to a signal of the first output terminal of the branch control circuit; and in the reset phase, each of the first sub-scan signal output circuits provides a signal of a second reference signal terminal to a corresponding first sub-scan signal output terminal in response to a signal of the second output terminal of the signal control circuit; each of the second sub-scan signal output circuits provides the signal of the second reference signal terminal to a corresponding second sub-scan signal output terminal in response to the signal of the second output terminal of the signal control circuit; and the cascade signal output circuit provides a signal of a third reference signal terminal to the cascade signal output terminal in response to the signal of the second output terminal of the signal control circuit. 21. The driving method according to claim 20, wherein in the display scanning phase, signal timings of the first clock signal terminals are same, and signal timings of the second clock signal terminals are same, and the signal timings of the first clock signal terminals are different from those of the second clock signal terminals. | The present disclosure discloses a shift register, a driving method thereof, a gate drive circuit, an array substrate and a display device. With a signal control circuit, a branch control circuit, a cascade signal output circuit and at least two scan signal output circuits, each shift register can output at least two scan signals to correspond to different gate lines in a display panel. This can reduce the number of shift registers in a gate drive circuit and the space occupied by the gate drive circuit and can achieve an ultra-narrow frame design, as compared with an existing shift register that can only output one scan signal. Moreover, as signals of different output control node do not influence each other, the output stability can also be improved.1. A shift register, comprising:
a signal control circuit coupled to an input signal terminal and a reset signal terminal; a branch control circuit coupled to a first output terminal of the signal control circuit; a cascade signal output circuit coupled to a cascade signal output terminal and a second output terminal of the signal control circuit; and at least two scan signal output circuits, wherein one of the at least two scan signal output circuits is coupled to the second output terminal of the signal control circuit, at least one corresponding scan signal output terminal, and one corresponding output terminal of the branch control circuit. 2. The shift register according to claim 1, wherein the cascade signal output circuit is coupled to one output terminal of the branch control circuit. 3. The shift register according to claim 2, wherein the at least two scan signal output circuits comprise two scan signal output circuits, which are a first scan signal output circuit and a second scan signal output circuit;
the first scan signal output circuit is coupled to a first output terminal of the branch control circuit; and the second scan signal output circuit is coupled to a second output terminal of the branch control circuit. 4. The shift register according to claim 3, wherein the branch control circuit comprises a first transistor and a second transistor;
under the control of an effective level, the first transistor communicates the first output terminal of the signal control circuit with the first output terminal of the branch control circuit; and under the control of an effective level, the second transistor communicates the first output terminal of the signal control circuit with the second output terminal of the branch control circuit. 5. The shift register according to claim 4, wherein a gate of the first transistor and a first electrode of the first transistor are coupled to the first output terminal of the signal control circuit, and a second electrode of the first transistor is the first output terminal of the branch control circuit; and
a gate of the second transistor and a first electrode of the second transistor are coupled to the first output terminal of the signal control circuit, and a second electrode of the second transistor is the second output terminal of the branch control circuit. 6. The shift register according to claim 4, wherein a gate of the first transistor is coupled to a first reference signal terminal, a first electrode of the first transistor is coupled to the first output terminal of the signal control circuit, and a second electrode of the first transistor is the first output terminal of the branch control circuit; and
a gate of the second transistor is coupled to the first reference signal terminal, a first electrode of the second transistor is coupled to the first output terminal of the signal control circuit, and a second electrode of the second transistor is the second output terminal of the branch control circuit. 7. The shift register according to claim 3, wherein
the first scan signal output circuit comprises at least one first sub-scan signal output circuit, wherein one of the at least one first sub-scan signal output circuit is coupled to a second reference signal terminal, one corresponding first clock signal terminal, and one corresponding first sub-scan signal output terminal, respectively; and the second scan signal output circuit comprises at least one second sub-scan signal output circuit, wherein one of the at least one second sub-scan signal output circuit is coupled to a second reference signal terminal, one corresponding second clock signal terminal, and one corresponding second sub-scan signal output terminal, respectively. 8. The shift register according to claim 7, wherein the first sub-scan signal output circuit comprises a third transistor, a fourth transistor and a first capacitor;
a gate of the third transistor is coupled to the first output terminal of the branch control circuit, a first electrode of the third transistor is coupled to the corresponding first clock signal terminal, and a second electrode of the third transistor is coupled to the corresponding first sub-scan signal output terminal; a gate of the fourth transistor is coupled to the second output terminal of the signal control circuit, a first electrode of the fourth transistor is coupled to the second reference signal terminal, and a second electrode of the fourth transistor is coupled to the corresponding first sub-scan signal output terminal; and the first capacitor is coupled between the gate of the third transistor and the corresponding first sub-scan signal output terminal. 9. (canceled) 10. The shift register according to claim 7, wherein the second sub-scan signal output circuit comprises a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor and a second capacitor;
a gate of the fifth transistor is coupled to the second output terminal of the branch control circuit, a first electrode of the fifth transistor is coupled to the corresponding second clock signal terminal, and a second electrode of the fifth transistor is coupled to the corresponding second sub-scan signal output terminal; a gate of the sixth transistor is coupled to the second output terminal of the signal control circuit, a first electrode of the sixth transistor is coupled to the second reference signal terminal, and a second electrode of the sixth transistor is coupled to the corresponding second sub-scan signal output terminal; and the second capacitor is coupled between the gate of the fifth transistor and the second sub-scan signal output terminal. 11. The shift register according to claim 3, wherein the cascade signal output circuit comprises a seventh transistor and an eighth transistor;
a gate of the seventh transistor is coupled to the first output terminal of the branch control circuit, a first electrode of the seventh transistor is coupled to a third clock signal terminal, and a second electrode of the seventh transistor is coupled to the cascade signal output terminal; and a gate of the eighth transistor is coupled to the second output terminal of the signal control circuit, a first electrode of the eighth transistor is coupled to a third reference signal terminal, and a second electrode of the eighth transistor is coupled to the cascade signal output terminal. 12. The shift register according to claim 3, wherein the signal control circuit comprises an input circuit, a reset circuit, and a node control circuit;
the input circuit is coupled to the input signal terminal, a first reference signal terminal and the first output terminal of the signal control circuit, respectively; the reset circuit is coupled to the reset signal terminal, a third reference signal terminal, and the first output terminal of the branch control circuit and the second output terminal of the branch control circuit, respectively; and the node control circuit is coupled to the first reference signal terminal, the third reference signal terminal, the first output terminal of the signal control circuit and the second output terminal of the signal control circuit, and the first output terminal of the branch control circuit and the second output terminal of the branch control circuit, respectively. 13. The shift register according to claim 12, wherein
the input circuit comprises a ninth transistor, wherein a gate of the ninth transistor is coupled to the input signal terminal, a first electrode of the ninth transistor is coupled to the first reference signal terminal, and a second electrode of the ninth transistor is coupled to the first output terminal of the signal control circuit; the reset circuit comprises a tenth transistor and an eleventh transistor, wherein a gate of the tenth transistor is coupled to the reset signal terminal, a first electrode of the tenth transistor is coupled to the third reference signal terminal, and a second electrode of the tenth transistor is coupled to the first output terminal of the branch control circuit; and a gate of the eleventh transistor is coupled to the reset signal terminal, a first electrode of the eleventh transistor is coupled to the third reference signal terminal, and a second electrode of the eleventh transistor is coupled to the second output terminal of the branch control circuit; and the node control circuit comprises a twelfth transistor, a thirteenth transistor, a fourteenth transistor and a fifteenth transistor, wherein a gate of the twelfth transistor is coupled to the second output terminal of the signal control circuit, a first electrode of the twelfth transistor is coupled to the third reference signal terminal, and a second electrode of the twelfth transistor is coupled to the first output terminal of the branch control circuit; a gate of the thirteen transistor is coupled to the second output terminal of the signal control circuit, a first electrode of the thirteen transistor is coupled to the third reference signal terminal, and a second electrode of the thirteen transistor is coupled to the second output terminal of the branch control circuit; a gate of the fourteenth transistor and a first electrode of the fourteenth transistor are coupled to the first reference signal terminal, and a second electrode of the fourteenth transistor is coupled to the second output terminal of the signal control circuit; and a gate of the fifteenth transistor is coupled to the first output terminal of the signal control circuit, a first electrode of the fifteenth transistor is coupled to the third reference signal terminal, and a second electrode of the fifteenth transistor is coupled to the second output terminal of the signal control circuit. 14. The shift register according to claim 13, wherein
the reset circuit further comprises a sixteenth transistor, wherein the first electrode of the tenth transistor and the first electrode of the eleventh transistor are coupled to the third reference signal terminal through the sixteenth transistor; and a gate of the sixteenth transistor is coupled to the reset signal terminal; and the node control circuit further comprises a seventeenth transistor, wherein the first electrode of the twelfth transistor and the first electrode of the thirteenth transistor are respectively coupled to the third reference signal terminal through the seventeenth transistor; and a gate of the seventeenth transistor is coupled to the second output terminal of the signal control circuit. 15. The shift register according to claim 1, further comprising a detection circuit, wherein the detection circuit comprises an eighteenth transistor, a nineteenth transistor, a twentieth transistor, a twenty-first transistor, a twenty-second transistor and a third capacitor;
a gate of the eighteenth transistor is coupled to a first detection control signal terminal, a first electrode of the eighteenth transistor is coupled to the input signal terminal, and a second electrode of the eighteenth transistor is coupled to a first electrode of the twentieth transistor; a gate of the nineteenth transistor is coupled to the first detection control signal terminal, a first electrode of the nineteenth transistor is coupled to a gate of the twenty-first transistor, and a second electrode of the nineteenth transistor is coupled to the first electrode of the twentieth transistor; a gate of the twentieth transistor is coupled to the gate of the twenty-first transistor, and a second electrode of the twentieth transistor is coupled to a fourth reference signal terminal; a first electrode of the twenty-first transistor is coupled to the fourth reference signal terminal, and a second electrode of the twenty-first transistor is coupled to a first electrode of the twenty-second transistor; a gate of the twenty-second transistor is coupled to a second detection control signal terminal, and a second electrode of the twenty-second transistor is coupled to the first output terminal of the signal control circuit; and the third capacitor is coupled between the first electrode of the twenty-first transistor and the gate of the twenty-first transistor. 16. A gate drive circuit, comprising a plurality of cascaded shift registers according to claim 1, wherein
an input signal terminal of a first-stage shift register is coupled to a frame start signal terminal; in every adjacent four stages of shift registers, an input signal terminal of a fourth-stage shift register is coupled to a cascade signal input terminal of the first-stage shift register; and in every adjacent five stages of shift registers, a reset signal terminal of the first-stage shift register is coupled to a cascade signal input terminal of a fifth-stage shift register. 17. An array substrate, comprising the gate drive circuit according to claim 16. 18. A display device, comprising the array substrate according to claim 17. 19. A driving method of the shift register according to claim 1, comprising a display scanning phase, wherein the display scanning phase comprises an input phase, an output phase and a reset phase;
in the input phase, the signal control circuit controls a signal of the first output terminal of the signal control circuit and a signal of the second output terminal of the signal control circuit in response to a signal of the input signal terminal; the branch control circuit controls output signals of output terminals of the branch control circuit in response to the signal of the first output terminal of the signal control circuit; the cascade signal output circuit controls the cascade signal output terminal to output a cascade signal in response to the output signal of one output terminal of the branch control circuit; and each of the scan signal output circuits controls at least one corresponding scan signal output terminal to output a different scan signal in response to the signal of one corresponding output terminal of the branch control circuit; in the output phase, the branch control circuit controls output signals of output terminals of the branch control circuit in response to a signal of the first output terminal of the signal control circuit; the cascade signal output circuit controls the cascade signal output terminal to output a cascade signal in response to the output signal of one output terminal of the branch control circuit; and each of the scan signal output circuits controls at least one corresponding scan signal output terminal to output a different scan signal in response to the signal of one corresponding output terminal of the branch control circuit; and in the reset phase, the signal control circuit controls signals of the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the signal control circuit in response to a signal of the reset signal terminal; the cascade signal output circuit controls the cascade signal output terminal to output a cascade signal in response to the output signal of one output terminal of the branch control circuit; and each of the scan signal output circuits outputs a different scan signal in response to a signal of a corresponding output control node. 20. The driving method according to claim 19, wherein the scan signal output circuits comprise two scan signal output circuits, which are a first scan signal output circuit and a second scan signal output circuit; the first scan signal output circuit comprises a plurality of first sub-scan signal output circuits; and the second scan signal output circuit comprises a plurality of second sub-scan signal output circuits;
in the input phase and the output phase, each of the first sub-scan signal output circuits provides a signal of a corresponding first clock signal terminal to a corresponding first sub-scan signal output terminal in response to a signal of a first output terminal of the branch control circuit; each of the second sub-scan signal output circuits provides a signal of a corresponding second clock signal terminal to a corresponding second sub-scan signal output terminal in response to a signal of a second output terminal of the branch control circuit; and the cascade signal output circuit provides a signal of a third clock signal terminal to the cascade signal output terminal in response to a signal of the first output terminal of the branch control circuit; and in the reset phase, each of the first sub-scan signal output circuits provides a signal of a second reference signal terminal to a corresponding first sub-scan signal output terminal in response to a signal of the second output terminal of the signal control circuit; each of the second sub-scan signal output circuits provides the signal of the second reference signal terminal to a corresponding second sub-scan signal output terminal in response to the signal of the second output terminal of the signal control circuit; and the cascade signal output circuit provides a signal of a third reference signal terminal to the cascade signal output terminal in response to the signal of the second output terminal of the signal control circuit. 21. The driving method according to claim 20, wherein in the display scanning phase, signal timings of the first clock signal terminals are same, and signal timings of the second clock signal terminals are same, and the signal timings of the first clock signal terminals are different from those of the second clock signal terminals. | 3,600 |
342,763 | 16,642,493 | 2,855 | A device and a method can be utilized to measure concentricity of an internal toothing of a component. Such a device may include a determination segment, which can determine a concentricity deviation, that includes a spindle unit comprising a tapping spindle with a gauge gear wheel arranged thereon and intended for tapping the concentricity of the internal toothing, and an output spindle for transmitting the tapped concentricity from the tapping spindle to a measuring unit. The output spindle may be arranged directly or indirectly on the tapping spindle. A spindle holder may hold and position the tapping spindle, the output spindle, or the spindle unit. An adjusting element may position the gauge gear wheel, and the measuring unit may compare the tapped concentricity with reference values. | 1.-15. (canceled) 16. A device for measuring concentricity of an internal toothing of a component, the device comprising a determination segment for determining a concentricity deviation, the determination segment comprising:
a spindle unit including
a tapping spindle with a gauge gear wheel disposed on a first end of the tapping spindle and configured for tapping the concentricity of the internal toothing of the component, and
an output spindle for transmitting the tapped concentricity from the tapping spindle to a measuring unit, wherein the output spindle is disposed directly or indirectly on a second end of the tapping spindle opposite the first end;
a spindle holder for holding and positioning the tapping spindle, the output spindle, or the spindle unit; an adjusting element for positioning the gauge gear wheel; and the measuring unit for comparing the tapped concentricity with reference values. 17. The device of claim 16 comprising a component-receiving segment for receiving the component, wherein the component-receiving segment comprises at least two bearing elements that are configured to be axially spaced apart and are for bearing and allowing a rotational movement of the component about a longitudinal axis of the component. 18. The device of claim 17 wherein at least one of the at least two bearing elements is a steady rest. 19. The device of claim 17 wherein the component-receiving segment comprises a drive unit for rotationally driving the component about the longitudinal axis of the component. 20. The device of claim 16 wherein the spindle holder comprises:
a spindle holder support for receiving the tapping spindle and the output spindle; and
a spindle holder base for moving the spindle unit. 21. The device of claim 20 wherein the spindle holder base is elastically deformable about an axis of rotation. 22. The device of claim 20 wherein the spindle holder base comprises a lever arm construction having support rods that cross one another in a plane extending in an axial direction of a longitudinal axis of the spindle unit. 23. The device of claim 22 wherein at least one of the support rods comprises a spring joint. 24. The device of claim 20 wherein the spindle holder base is a plate section construction having plate sections that cross one another in a crossing axis, wherein the crossing axis extends horizontally and orthogonally to a longitudinal axis of the spindle unit. 25. The device of claim 16 wherein the spindle holder is disposed on a carriage that is movable in an axial direction along a longitudinal axis of the spindle unit. 26. The device of claim 16 comprising a component-receiving segment for receiving the component, wherein the determination segment or the component-receiving segment is disposed on a holding table that is steplessly movable in at least one degree of freedom. 27. The device of claim 16 wherein the adjusting element and the measuring unit are disposed on and operatively connected to the output spindle. 28. A method for measuring concentricity of an internal toothing of a component, the method comprising:
a) actuating an adjusting element to deflect a spindle unit such that a gauge gear wheel moves from an inoperative position into a retracted position; b) introducing the gauge gear wheel into a cavity that includes the internal toothing to be measured; c) renewed actuating of the adjusting element for renewed deflection of the spindle unit such that the gauge gear wheel moves from a retracted position into an engagement position in which the gauge gear wheel comes into at least partial meshing engagement with at least a portion of the internal toothing; d) driving the component to generate a rotational movement of the component about a longitudinal axis of the component; and e) detecting the concentricity of the internal toothing by way of the gauge gear wheel. 29. The method of claim 28 wherein before introducing the gauge gear wheel into the cavity, the method comprises introducing the component into a component-receiving segment and orienting the component in the component-receiving segment such that the longitudinal axis of the component and a non-deflected spindle unit longitudinal axis are aligned or extend parallel to one another. 30. The method of claim 29 wherein after detecting the concentricity, the method comprises transmitting the detected concentricity from the gauge gear wheel and a tapping spindle to the output spindle to the output spindle such that a measuring unit operatively connected to the output spindle detects deviations in the concentricity. | A device and a method can be utilized to measure concentricity of an internal toothing of a component. Such a device may include a determination segment, which can determine a concentricity deviation, that includes a spindle unit comprising a tapping spindle with a gauge gear wheel arranged thereon and intended for tapping the concentricity of the internal toothing, and an output spindle for transmitting the tapped concentricity from the tapping spindle to a measuring unit. The output spindle may be arranged directly or indirectly on the tapping spindle. A spindle holder may hold and position the tapping spindle, the output spindle, or the spindle unit. An adjusting element may position the gauge gear wheel, and the measuring unit may compare the tapped concentricity with reference values.1.-15. (canceled) 16. A device for measuring concentricity of an internal toothing of a component, the device comprising a determination segment for determining a concentricity deviation, the determination segment comprising:
a spindle unit including
a tapping spindle with a gauge gear wheel disposed on a first end of the tapping spindle and configured for tapping the concentricity of the internal toothing of the component, and
an output spindle for transmitting the tapped concentricity from the tapping spindle to a measuring unit, wherein the output spindle is disposed directly or indirectly on a second end of the tapping spindle opposite the first end;
a spindle holder for holding and positioning the tapping spindle, the output spindle, or the spindle unit; an adjusting element for positioning the gauge gear wheel; and the measuring unit for comparing the tapped concentricity with reference values. 17. The device of claim 16 comprising a component-receiving segment for receiving the component, wherein the component-receiving segment comprises at least two bearing elements that are configured to be axially spaced apart and are for bearing and allowing a rotational movement of the component about a longitudinal axis of the component. 18. The device of claim 17 wherein at least one of the at least two bearing elements is a steady rest. 19. The device of claim 17 wherein the component-receiving segment comprises a drive unit for rotationally driving the component about the longitudinal axis of the component. 20. The device of claim 16 wherein the spindle holder comprises:
a spindle holder support for receiving the tapping spindle and the output spindle; and
a spindle holder base for moving the spindle unit. 21. The device of claim 20 wherein the spindle holder base is elastically deformable about an axis of rotation. 22. The device of claim 20 wherein the spindle holder base comprises a lever arm construction having support rods that cross one another in a plane extending in an axial direction of a longitudinal axis of the spindle unit. 23. The device of claim 22 wherein at least one of the support rods comprises a spring joint. 24. The device of claim 20 wherein the spindle holder base is a plate section construction having plate sections that cross one another in a crossing axis, wherein the crossing axis extends horizontally and orthogonally to a longitudinal axis of the spindle unit. 25. The device of claim 16 wherein the spindle holder is disposed on a carriage that is movable in an axial direction along a longitudinal axis of the spindle unit. 26. The device of claim 16 comprising a component-receiving segment for receiving the component, wherein the determination segment or the component-receiving segment is disposed on a holding table that is steplessly movable in at least one degree of freedom. 27. The device of claim 16 wherein the adjusting element and the measuring unit are disposed on and operatively connected to the output spindle. 28. A method for measuring concentricity of an internal toothing of a component, the method comprising:
a) actuating an adjusting element to deflect a spindle unit such that a gauge gear wheel moves from an inoperative position into a retracted position; b) introducing the gauge gear wheel into a cavity that includes the internal toothing to be measured; c) renewed actuating of the adjusting element for renewed deflection of the spindle unit such that the gauge gear wheel moves from a retracted position into an engagement position in which the gauge gear wheel comes into at least partial meshing engagement with at least a portion of the internal toothing; d) driving the component to generate a rotational movement of the component about a longitudinal axis of the component; and e) detecting the concentricity of the internal toothing by way of the gauge gear wheel. 29. The method of claim 28 wherein before introducing the gauge gear wheel into the cavity, the method comprises introducing the component into a component-receiving segment and orienting the component in the component-receiving segment such that the longitudinal axis of the component and a non-deflected spindle unit longitudinal axis are aligned or extend parallel to one another. 30. The method of claim 29 wherein after detecting the concentricity, the method comprises transmitting the detected concentricity from the gauge gear wheel and a tapping spindle to the output spindle to the output spindle such that a measuring unit operatively connected to the output spindle detects deviations in the concentricity. | 2,800 |
342,764 | 16,642,495 | 2,855 | A system for controlling a tension of a tether between an object and a load tethered to the object comprises magnetorheological (MR) fluid actuator unit(s) including at least one torque source and at least one MR fluid clutch apparatus coupled to the at least one torque source to receive torque from the at least one torque source, the MR fluid clutch apparatus controllable to transmit a variable amount of torque via an output of the MR fluid actuator unit. A tensioning member is connected to the output so as to be pulled by the output member upon actuation of the magnetorheological fluid clutch apparatus, a free end of the tensioning member adapted to exert a pulling action when being pulled by the output member. Sensor(s) provide information indicative of a relation between the object and the load tethered to the object. A controller controls the at least one MR fluid clutch apparatus in exerting the pulling action based on said information. | 1. A system for controlling a tension of a tether between an object and a load tethered to the object comprising:
at least one magnetorheological (MR) fluid actuator unit including at least one torque source and at least one MR fluid clutch apparatus coupled to the at least one torque source to receive torque from the at least one torque source, the MR fluid clutch apparatus controllable to transmit a variable amount of torque via an output of the MR fluid actuator unit; a tensioning member being connected to the output so as to be pulled by the output member upon actuation of the magnetorheological fluid clutch apparatus, a free end of the tensioning member adapted to exert a pulling action when being pulled by the output member; at least one sensor for providing information indicative of a relation between the object and the load tethered to the object; and a controller for controlling the at least one MR fluid clutch apparatus in exerting the pulling action based on said information. 2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the output member and the tensioning member are any one of a wheel, drum or pulley and cable or tendon, and a chainring and chain. 3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one sensor includes at least one inertial sensor adapted to determine an acceleration of at least one of the object and the load. 4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one sensor includes at one of a global navigation satellite system and of a GPS device to determine at least a location of at least one of the object and of the load. 5. The system according to claim 1, further comprising a gear reduction system between the torque source and the at least one MR fluid clutch apparatus. 6. The system according to claim 1, wherein the free end of the tensioning member is connected to one of the object and of the load, and wherein the at least one of the MR fluid actuator unit is connected to the other of the of the object and of the load. 7. The system according to claim 1, wherein the object is an aircraft tethering the load. 8. The system according to claim 1, further comprising a fixed tether cable connected between the object and the load, and in parallel to at least one tensioning set constituted of the MR fluid clutch apparatus and tensioning member. 9. The system according to claim 8, comprising two of the at least one assembly on opposite sides of the fixed tether cable. 10. The system according to claim 1, further comprising
at least one tensioning set constituted of one of the MR fluid clutch apparatus and tensioning member; and means configured to provide a force on the output antagonistic to a transmission of the pulling action of the at least one tensioning set on the output. 11. The system according to claim 10, wherein the means for providing the pulling action is another one of the tensioning set. 12. The system according to claim 11, wherein at least two of the tensioning sets are configured to share the torque sensor. 13. The system according to claim 10, wherein the at least one tensioning set supports the weight of the load whereby the means for providing the force is adapted to be gravity. 14. The system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one sensor detects at least one of a speed and an acceleration of one of the object and the load beyond a predetermined threshold from the information indicative of the relation, and the controller controls the at least one MR fluid clutch apparatus to adjust a tension in the cable to isolate one of the object and the load from the speed and/or the acceleration. 15. A method for controlling a force between an object and a load tethered to the object, comprising
obtaining information indicative of a relation between the object and the load tethered to the object; characterizing the relation from the information; determining from the characterizing a level of action required to control the relation; controlling at least one MR fluid clutch apparatus to transmit a variable amount of torque via an output of the MR fluid actuator unit to control the force based on the level of action. 16. The method according to claim 15, wherein obtaining information indicative of a relation includes obtaining at least one of a speed and an acceleration of one of the object and the load. 17. The method according to claim 16, wherein characterizing the relation from the information comprises comparing the speed and/or acceleration to a predetermined threshold. 18. The method according to claim 17, wherein determining the level of action comprises determining to isolate one of the object and the load from the speed and/or the acceleration. 19. The method according to claim 15, wherein the method for controlling a force is performed to control a tension in at least one cable tether between the object and the load tethered to the object. 20. A system for controlling a force between an object and a load tethered to the object, comprising
a processing unit; and | A system for controlling a tension of a tether between an object and a load tethered to the object comprises magnetorheological (MR) fluid actuator unit(s) including at least one torque source and at least one MR fluid clutch apparatus coupled to the at least one torque source to receive torque from the at least one torque source, the MR fluid clutch apparatus controllable to transmit a variable amount of torque via an output of the MR fluid actuator unit. A tensioning member is connected to the output so as to be pulled by the output member upon actuation of the magnetorheological fluid clutch apparatus, a free end of the tensioning member adapted to exert a pulling action when being pulled by the output member. Sensor(s) provide information indicative of a relation between the object and the load tethered to the object. A controller controls the at least one MR fluid clutch apparatus in exerting the pulling action based on said information.1. A system for controlling a tension of a tether between an object and a load tethered to the object comprising:
at least one magnetorheological (MR) fluid actuator unit including at least one torque source and at least one MR fluid clutch apparatus coupled to the at least one torque source to receive torque from the at least one torque source, the MR fluid clutch apparatus controllable to transmit a variable amount of torque via an output of the MR fluid actuator unit; a tensioning member being connected to the output so as to be pulled by the output member upon actuation of the magnetorheological fluid clutch apparatus, a free end of the tensioning member adapted to exert a pulling action when being pulled by the output member; at least one sensor for providing information indicative of a relation between the object and the load tethered to the object; and a controller for controlling the at least one MR fluid clutch apparatus in exerting the pulling action based on said information. 2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the output member and the tensioning member are any one of a wheel, drum or pulley and cable or tendon, and a chainring and chain. 3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one sensor includes at least one inertial sensor adapted to determine an acceleration of at least one of the object and the load. 4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one sensor includes at one of a global navigation satellite system and of a GPS device to determine at least a location of at least one of the object and of the load. 5. The system according to claim 1, further comprising a gear reduction system between the torque source and the at least one MR fluid clutch apparatus. 6. The system according to claim 1, wherein the free end of the tensioning member is connected to one of the object and of the load, and wherein the at least one of the MR fluid actuator unit is connected to the other of the of the object and of the load. 7. The system according to claim 1, wherein the object is an aircraft tethering the load. 8. The system according to claim 1, further comprising a fixed tether cable connected between the object and the load, and in parallel to at least one tensioning set constituted of the MR fluid clutch apparatus and tensioning member. 9. The system according to claim 8, comprising two of the at least one assembly on opposite sides of the fixed tether cable. 10. The system according to claim 1, further comprising
at least one tensioning set constituted of one of the MR fluid clutch apparatus and tensioning member; and means configured to provide a force on the output antagonistic to a transmission of the pulling action of the at least one tensioning set on the output. 11. The system according to claim 10, wherein the means for providing the pulling action is another one of the tensioning set. 12. The system according to claim 11, wherein at least two of the tensioning sets are configured to share the torque sensor. 13. The system according to claim 10, wherein the at least one tensioning set supports the weight of the load whereby the means for providing the force is adapted to be gravity. 14. The system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one sensor detects at least one of a speed and an acceleration of one of the object and the load beyond a predetermined threshold from the information indicative of the relation, and the controller controls the at least one MR fluid clutch apparatus to adjust a tension in the cable to isolate one of the object and the load from the speed and/or the acceleration. 15. A method for controlling a force between an object and a load tethered to the object, comprising
obtaining information indicative of a relation between the object and the load tethered to the object; characterizing the relation from the information; determining from the characterizing a level of action required to control the relation; controlling at least one MR fluid clutch apparatus to transmit a variable amount of torque via an output of the MR fluid actuator unit to control the force based on the level of action. 16. The method according to claim 15, wherein obtaining information indicative of a relation includes obtaining at least one of a speed and an acceleration of one of the object and the load. 17. The method according to claim 16, wherein characterizing the relation from the information comprises comparing the speed and/or acceleration to a predetermined threshold. 18. The method according to claim 17, wherein determining the level of action comprises determining to isolate one of the object and the load from the speed and/or the acceleration. 19. The method according to claim 15, wherein the method for controlling a force is performed to control a tension in at least one cable tether between the object and the load tethered to the object. 20. A system for controlling a force between an object and a load tethered to the object, comprising
a processing unit; and | 2,800 |
342,765 | 16,642,475 | 2,855 | A composition for a light-emitting element contains a host material and a guest material. The host material is a compound containing at least one of an aromatic hydrocarbon group and a heterocyclic group and the guest material is a compound having a condensed heterocyclic group containing at least one of a boron atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a selenium atom, an sp3 carbon atom, and a nitrogen atom in a ring. A difference ΔE between an energy value at the maximum peak of a emission spectrum of the host material at 25° C. and an energy value at a peak on the lowest energy side of an absorption spectrum of the guest material at 25° C. is 0.50 eV or less, and a difference ΔS between an energy value at the maximum peak of an emission spectrum of the guest material at 25° C. and an energy value at the maximum peak of an emission spectrum of the guest material at 77 K is 0.10 eV or less. | 1-7. (canceled) 8. A method for producing a composition for a light-emitting element comprising:
a preparation step of preparing a host material, the host material being a compound comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon group and a heterocyclic group; a selection step of selecting a guest material, the guest material being a compound having a condensed heterocyclic group comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of a boron atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a selenium atom, an sp3 carbon atom, and a nitrogen atom in a ring, wherein a difference ΔS between an energy value at the maximum peak of an emission spectrum at 25° C. and an energy value at the maximum peak of an emission spectrum at 77 K is 0.10 eV or less, and a difference ΔE between an energy value at a peak on the lowest energy side of an absorption spectrum at 25° C. and an energy value at the maximum peak of an emission spectrum of the host material at 25° C. is 0.50 eV or less; and a production step of mixing the host material and the guest material to obtain the composition for a light-emitting element. 9. The method for producing a composition for a light-emitting element according to claim 8, further comprising a step of obtaining an energy value at the maximum peak of the emission spectrum of the host material at 25° C. 10. The method for producing a composition for a light-emitting element according to claim 8, wherein the selection step comprises a step of obtaining an energy value at the peak on the lowest energy side of an absorption spectrum at 25° C., an energy value at the maximum peak of a light emitting spectrum at 25° C., and an energy value at the maximum peak of a light emitting spectrum at 77 K each of the compound having a condensed heterocyclic group to calculate the ΔE and the ΔS. 11. A method for producing a light-emitting element having an anode, a cathode, and a layer disposed between the anode and the cathode, the method comprising:
a step of producing a composition for a light-emitting element by the production method according to claim 8; and a step of forming the layer by a dry method or a wet method using the composition for a light-emitting element produced in the step. 12. A method for evaluating a composition for a light-emitting element, the composition containing: a host material, the host material being a compound comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon group and a heterocyclic group; and a guest material, the guest material being a compound having a condensed heterocyclic group comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of a boron atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a selenium atom, an sp3 carbon atom, and a nitrogen atom in a ring, the method comprising:
a step of obtaining a difference ΔE between an energy value at the maximum peak of an emission spectrum of the host material at 25° C. and an energy value at a peak on the lowest energy side of an absorption spectrum of the guest material at 25° C.; a step of obtaining a difference ΔS between an energy value at the maximum peak of an emission spectrum of the guest material at 25° C. and an energy value at the maximum peak of an emission spectrum of the guest material at 77 K; and a step of evaluating the composition for a light-emitting element based on the ΔE and the ΔS. | A composition for a light-emitting element contains a host material and a guest material. The host material is a compound containing at least one of an aromatic hydrocarbon group and a heterocyclic group and the guest material is a compound having a condensed heterocyclic group containing at least one of a boron atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a selenium atom, an sp3 carbon atom, and a nitrogen atom in a ring. A difference ΔE between an energy value at the maximum peak of a emission spectrum of the host material at 25° C. and an energy value at a peak on the lowest energy side of an absorption spectrum of the guest material at 25° C. is 0.50 eV or less, and a difference ΔS between an energy value at the maximum peak of an emission spectrum of the guest material at 25° C. and an energy value at the maximum peak of an emission spectrum of the guest material at 77 K is 0.10 eV or less.1-7. (canceled) 8. A method for producing a composition for a light-emitting element comprising:
a preparation step of preparing a host material, the host material being a compound comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon group and a heterocyclic group; a selection step of selecting a guest material, the guest material being a compound having a condensed heterocyclic group comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of a boron atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a selenium atom, an sp3 carbon atom, and a nitrogen atom in a ring, wherein a difference ΔS between an energy value at the maximum peak of an emission spectrum at 25° C. and an energy value at the maximum peak of an emission spectrum at 77 K is 0.10 eV or less, and a difference ΔE between an energy value at a peak on the lowest energy side of an absorption spectrum at 25° C. and an energy value at the maximum peak of an emission spectrum of the host material at 25° C. is 0.50 eV or less; and a production step of mixing the host material and the guest material to obtain the composition for a light-emitting element. 9. The method for producing a composition for a light-emitting element according to claim 8, further comprising a step of obtaining an energy value at the maximum peak of the emission spectrum of the host material at 25° C. 10. The method for producing a composition for a light-emitting element according to claim 8, wherein the selection step comprises a step of obtaining an energy value at the peak on the lowest energy side of an absorption spectrum at 25° C., an energy value at the maximum peak of a light emitting spectrum at 25° C., and an energy value at the maximum peak of a light emitting spectrum at 77 K each of the compound having a condensed heterocyclic group to calculate the ΔE and the ΔS. 11. A method for producing a light-emitting element having an anode, a cathode, and a layer disposed between the anode and the cathode, the method comprising:
a step of producing a composition for a light-emitting element by the production method according to claim 8; and a step of forming the layer by a dry method or a wet method using the composition for a light-emitting element produced in the step. 12. A method for evaluating a composition for a light-emitting element, the composition containing: a host material, the host material being a compound comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon group and a heterocyclic group; and a guest material, the guest material being a compound having a condensed heterocyclic group comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of a boron atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a selenium atom, an sp3 carbon atom, and a nitrogen atom in a ring, the method comprising:
a step of obtaining a difference ΔE between an energy value at the maximum peak of an emission spectrum of the host material at 25° C. and an energy value at a peak on the lowest energy side of an absorption spectrum of the guest material at 25° C.; a step of obtaining a difference ΔS between an energy value at the maximum peak of an emission spectrum of the guest material at 25° C. and an energy value at the maximum peak of an emission spectrum of the guest material at 77 K; and a step of evaluating the composition for a light-emitting element based on the ΔE and the ΔS. | 2,800 |
342,766 | 16,642,487 | 2,855 | This vehicle cleaner unit, for cleaning a to-be-cleaned object mounted on the vehicle, is provided with: a single motor; a single pump comprising a cylinder which extends in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle cleaner unit and into which air is introduced, and a piston which can carry out linear motion in the longitudinal direction inside of the cylinder and which blows air to outside of the vehicle cleaning unit at high pressure; a biasing spring which biases the piston to a first side in the longitudinal direction; and a single worm mechanism which transmits rotary motion of the motor to cause the piston to carry out linear motion to the second side opposite of the first side. The rotation axis of the motor and the longitudinal direction are parallel, and the motor and the pump are positioned on the same side of the worm mechanism in the longitudinal direction. | 1. A vehicle cleaner unit for cleaning a to-be-cleaned object mounted on a vehicle, the vehicle cleaner unit comprising:
a single motor, a single pump comprising a cylinder extending in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle cleaner unit, air being introduced into the cylinder, and a piston capable of carrying out linear motion in the longitudinal direction inside of the cylinder and configured to blow the air outside of the vehicle cleaner unit at high pressure; an urging member configured to urge the piston toward a first side in the longitudinal direction; and a single worm mechanism configured to transmit rotary motion of the single motor to cause the piston to carry out linear motion to a second side opposite to the first side, wherein a rotation axis of the single motor and the longitudinal direction are parallel to each other, and wherein the single motor and the single pump are positioned on the same side of the worm mechanism in the longitudinal direction. 2. The vehicle cleaner unit according to claim 1, wherein a circuit board for controlling the single motor is disposed inside of a housing of the vehicle cleaner unit. 3. The vehicle cleaner unit according to claim 2, wherein the circuit board is disposed in the longitudinal direction. 4. The vehicle cleaner unit according to claim 2, wherein the single motor is disposed between the circuit board and the cylinder. 5. A vehicle cleaner unit for cleaning a to-be-cleaned object mounted on a vehicle, the vehicle cleaner unit comprising:
a base member configured to support the to-be-cleaned object; a high-pressure air generation unit comprising a pump configured to generate high-pressure air, and a drive source configured to drive the pump; and a nozzle configured to spray the high-pressure air toward a cleaning surface of the to-be-cleaned object, wherein a discharge port of the nozzle is provided on a side, which is opposite to a side on which the high-pressure air generation unit, of the base member. 6. The vehicle cleaner unit according to claim 5, wherein the nozzle is integrated with the base member. 7. A vehicle provided with the vehicle cleaner unit according to claim 5. 8. A vehicle provided with the vehicle cleaner unit according to claim 5. | This vehicle cleaner unit, for cleaning a to-be-cleaned object mounted on the vehicle, is provided with: a single motor; a single pump comprising a cylinder which extends in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle cleaner unit and into which air is introduced, and a piston which can carry out linear motion in the longitudinal direction inside of the cylinder and which blows air to outside of the vehicle cleaning unit at high pressure; a biasing spring which biases the piston to a first side in the longitudinal direction; and a single worm mechanism which transmits rotary motion of the motor to cause the piston to carry out linear motion to the second side opposite of the first side. The rotation axis of the motor and the longitudinal direction are parallel, and the motor and the pump are positioned on the same side of the worm mechanism in the longitudinal direction.1. A vehicle cleaner unit for cleaning a to-be-cleaned object mounted on a vehicle, the vehicle cleaner unit comprising:
a single motor, a single pump comprising a cylinder extending in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle cleaner unit, air being introduced into the cylinder, and a piston capable of carrying out linear motion in the longitudinal direction inside of the cylinder and configured to blow the air outside of the vehicle cleaner unit at high pressure; an urging member configured to urge the piston toward a first side in the longitudinal direction; and a single worm mechanism configured to transmit rotary motion of the single motor to cause the piston to carry out linear motion to a second side opposite to the first side, wherein a rotation axis of the single motor and the longitudinal direction are parallel to each other, and wherein the single motor and the single pump are positioned on the same side of the worm mechanism in the longitudinal direction. 2. The vehicle cleaner unit according to claim 1, wherein a circuit board for controlling the single motor is disposed inside of a housing of the vehicle cleaner unit. 3. The vehicle cleaner unit according to claim 2, wherein the circuit board is disposed in the longitudinal direction. 4. The vehicle cleaner unit according to claim 2, wherein the single motor is disposed between the circuit board and the cylinder. 5. A vehicle cleaner unit for cleaning a to-be-cleaned object mounted on a vehicle, the vehicle cleaner unit comprising:
a base member configured to support the to-be-cleaned object; a high-pressure air generation unit comprising a pump configured to generate high-pressure air, and a drive source configured to drive the pump; and a nozzle configured to spray the high-pressure air toward a cleaning surface of the to-be-cleaned object, wherein a discharge port of the nozzle is provided on a side, which is opposite to a side on which the high-pressure air generation unit, of the base member. 6. The vehicle cleaner unit according to claim 5, wherein the nozzle is integrated with the base member. 7. A vehicle provided with the vehicle cleaner unit according to claim 5. 8. A vehicle provided with the vehicle cleaner unit according to claim 5. | 2,800 |
342,767 | 16,642,490 | 2,855 | The invention is directed to a head-up display 2 having a light source 231, a diffuser 232,235,236, a transmissive display 3, a mirror element 251 and a transmissive screen 21. According to the invention the head-up display 2 is further provided with a contrast enhancer display 4 that is arranged adjacent to the transmissive display 3. | 1-10. (canceled) 11. A headup display comprising:
a light source; a diffuser; a transmissive display; a mirror element; a transmissive screen; and a contrast enhancer display arranged adjacent to the transmissive display. 12. The display according to claim 11, wherein the diffuser is arranged between contrast enhancer display and the transmissive display. 13. The display according to claim 11, wherein the contrast enhancer display and the transmissive display are bonded to each other. 14. The display according to claim 11, wherein the contrast enhancer display and the transmissive display are based on a polarizer requiring display technology and a single polarizer is arranged between the active areas of the contrast enhancer display and the transmissive display. 15. The display according to claim 11, wherein the contrast enhancer display is arranged downstream of the transmissive display. 16. The display according to claim 15, wherein the contrast enhancer display is arranged of contrast enhancer display pixels and the transmissive display is arranged of transmissive display pixels, wherein a single contrast enhancer display pixel corresponds to several transmissive display pixels. 17. The display according to claim 15, wherein the contrast enhancer display is arranged of contrast enhancer display pixels and the transmissive display is arranged of transmissive display pixels, wherein a single transmissive display pixel corresponds to several contrast enhancer display pixels. 18. A method for driving a headup display comprising:
detecting whether the pixel to be displayed is black; setting the respective pixel of the contrast enhancer display to an “ON” state if the pixel to be displayed is black, else setting the respective pixel of the contrast enhancer display to an “OFF” state; providing the value of the pixel to be displayed to a transmissive display; and providing the set value of the respective contrast enhancer display pixel to the contrast enhancer display. 19. A method according to claim 18, wherein the detecting step further includes detecting the maximum value of colour values of the pixel to be displayed and the setting includes setting the respective contrast enhancer display pixel to a brightness that corresponds to the detected maximum value. 20. A method according to claim 19, wherein a normalising is performed before the detecting and a denormalising is performed following the setting. | The invention is directed to a head-up display 2 having a light source 231, a diffuser 232,235,236, a transmissive display 3, a mirror element 251 and a transmissive screen 21. According to the invention the head-up display 2 is further provided with a contrast enhancer display 4 that is arranged adjacent to the transmissive display 3.1-10. (canceled) 11. A headup display comprising:
a light source; a diffuser; a transmissive display; a mirror element; a transmissive screen; and a contrast enhancer display arranged adjacent to the transmissive display. 12. The display according to claim 11, wherein the diffuser is arranged between contrast enhancer display and the transmissive display. 13. The display according to claim 11, wherein the contrast enhancer display and the transmissive display are bonded to each other. 14. The display according to claim 11, wherein the contrast enhancer display and the transmissive display are based on a polarizer requiring display technology and a single polarizer is arranged between the active areas of the contrast enhancer display and the transmissive display. 15. The display according to claim 11, wherein the contrast enhancer display is arranged downstream of the transmissive display. 16. The display according to claim 15, wherein the contrast enhancer display is arranged of contrast enhancer display pixels and the transmissive display is arranged of transmissive display pixels, wherein a single contrast enhancer display pixel corresponds to several transmissive display pixels. 17. The display according to claim 15, wherein the contrast enhancer display is arranged of contrast enhancer display pixels and the transmissive display is arranged of transmissive display pixels, wherein a single transmissive display pixel corresponds to several contrast enhancer display pixels. 18. A method for driving a headup display comprising:
detecting whether the pixel to be displayed is black; setting the respective pixel of the contrast enhancer display to an “ON” state if the pixel to be displayed is black, else setting the respective pixel of the contrast enhancer display to an “OFF” state; providing the value of the pixel to be displayed to a transmissive display; and providing the set value of the respective contrast enhancer display pixel to the contrast enhancer display. 19. A method according to claim 18, wherein the detecting step further includes detecting the maximum value of colour values of the pixel to be displayed and the setting includes setting the respective contrast enhancer display pixel to a brightness that corresponds to the detected maximum value. 20. A method according to claim 19, wherein a normalising is performed before the detecting and a denormalising is performed following the setting. | 2,800 |
342,768 | 16,642,468 | 2,855 | There is provided a urea water supply device (25) that is disposed in a urea water pipe line (23) to supply urea water toward a urea water injection valve (21) from a urea water tank (22). A bracket (24) for attaching the urea water supply device (25) is attached to a revolving frame (5) of an upper revolving structure (3). A cover (31) for covering the urea water supply device (25) is attached to the bracket (24). On top of that, a urea water filter (33) that is disposed in the urea water pipe line (23) and traps foreign objects mixed into the urea water is attached to the cover (31). | 1. A construction machine comprising:
an automotive vehicle body; 2. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein
the urea water filter includes: 3. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein
a built-in filter that traps foreign objects mixed into the urea water is removably disposed in the urea water supply device, and | There is provided a urea water supply device (25) that is disposed in a urea water pipe line (23) to supply urea water toward a urea water injection valve (21) from a urea water tank (22). A bracket (24) for attaching the urea water supply device (25) is attached to a revolving frame (5) of an upper revolving structure (3). A cover (31) for covering the urea water supply device (25) is attached to the bracket (24). On top of that, a urea water filter (33) that is disposed in the urea water pipe line (23) and traps foreign objects mixed into the urea water is attached to the cover (31).1. A construction machine comprising:
an automotive vehicle body; 2. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein
the urea water filter includes: 3. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein
a built-in filter that traps foreign objects mixed into the urea water is removably disposed in the urea water supply device, and | 2,800 |
342,769 | 16,642,499 | 2,855 | The invention relates to a lamp post comprising: a support pole; a light unit supported by the support pole; said light unit comprising a light source; a functional module comprising a housing and functional circuitry mounted therein, said housing comprising a bottom wall intended to be floating, a top wall and a peripheral wall between the bottom and top wall, said housing covering or surrounding a portion of the support pole; wherein the bottom wall is provided with one or more lower air flow holes; and wherein at least one of the peripheral wall and said portion of the support pole, is provided with one or more upper air flow holes. | 1. A lamp post comprising:
a support pole; a light unit supported by the support pole, said light unit comprising a light source; and a functional module comprising a housing and functional circuitry mounted in said housing, wherein the functional module is carried by the support pole, wherein said housing comprises a bottom wall configured to be floating, a top wall, and a peripheral wall between the bottom and top wall, said housing covering or surrounding a portion of the support pole, wherein the bottom wall is provided with one or more lower air flow holes, and wherein at least one of the peripheral wall or said portion of the support pole is provided with one or more upper air flow holes. 2. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the one or more upper air flow holes are provided in an upper half of at least one of the peripheral wall or the portion of the support pole. 3. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the one or more upper air flow holes are provided in the peripheral wall and are formed as one or more slits. 4. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the peripheral wall is provided with one or more outwardly protruding portions arranged above the one or more slits. 5. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the peripheral wall comprises at least one side door for providing access to an internal space of the housing. 6. (canceled) 7. (canceled) 8. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the housing is provided with at least one separation wall dividing the internal space of the housing into at least two compartments, and wherein the at least two compartments are accessible by at least two side doors. 9. (canceled) 10. (canceled) 11. (canceled) 12. (canceled) 13. (canceled) 14. (canceled) 15. (canceled) 16. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein a fan is arranged in the housing or in the support pole. 17. (canceled) 18. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the housing has a first width extending in a first direction perpendicular to an axial direction of the support pole, said first width being inferior to an external diameter of the support pole. 19. The lamp post of claim 18, wherein the housing of the functional module has a second width extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first width and to an axial direction of the support pole, said second width being at least twice the external diameter of the support pole. 20. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the housing surrounds the support pole. 21. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the top wall of the housing is formed by an inclined upper surface sloping downward away from the support pole, and wherein a human interface device is integrated in the upper surface. 22. (canceled) 23. (canceled) 24. (canceled) 25. (canceled) 26. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the functional circuitry comprises base station circuitry comprising a combiner, a base transceiver unit, and a wired or wireless transmission interface configured for being connected to a communication network, wherein the combiner is connected to the antenna and to the base transceiver unit, and wherein the base transceiver unit is further connected to the transmission interface. 27. The lamp post of claim 26, wherein the base transceiver unit is arranged in a lower half of the housing. 28. (canceled) 29. A lamp post comprising:
a support pole; a light unit supported by the support pole said light unit comprising a light source; and a functional module comprising a housing and functional circuitry mounted in said housing, wherein the functional module is carried by the support pole, said housing covering or surrounding a portion of the support pole, wherein the housing is provided with at least one separation wall dividing the internal space of the housing into at least two compartments, and wherein the housing comprises at least two side doors providing access to the at least two compartments. 30. The lamp post of claim 29, wherein the at least two compartments comprise a first compartment and a second compartment separated by a vertical separation wall, and wherein the at least two side doors comprise a first door and a second door providing access to the first and second compartment, respectively. 31. The lamp post of claim 29, wherein the at least two compartments comprise a first compartment and a second compartment separated by a horizontal separation wall, and wherein the at least two side doors comprise a first door and a second door providing access to the first and second compartment, respectively, said second door being located below said first door. 32. (canceled) 33. (canceled) 34. The lamp post of claim 29, wherein each side door of the at least two side doors is provided with a three-point locking device. 35. The lamp post of claim 29, wherein the at least one separation wall comprises at least one separation wall provided with one or more air flow holes. 36. The lamp post of claim 29, wherein the at least two side doors comprise at least one door which is provided with one or more air flow holes. 37. The lamp post of claim 29, wherein the housing comprises a bottom wall configured to be floating, a top wall, and a peripheral wall between the bottom and top wall, wherein the bottom wall is provided with one or more lower air flow holes, and wherein at least one of the peripheral wall or the portion of the support pole is provided with one or more upper air flow holes. | The invention relates to a lamp post comprising: a support pole; a light unit supported by the support pole; said light unit comprising a light source; a functional module comprising a housing and functional circuitry mounted therein, said housing comprising a bottom wall intended to be floating, a top wall and a peripheral wall between the bottom and top wall, said housing covering or surrounding a portion of the support pole; wherein the bottom wall is provided with one or more lower air flow holes; and wherein at least one of the peripheral wall and said portion of the support pole, is provided with one or more upper air flow holes.1. A lamp post comprising:
a support pole; a light unit supported by the support pole, said light unit comprising a light source; and a functional module comprising a housing and functional circuitry mounted in said housing, wherein the functional module is carried by the support pole, wherein said housing comprises a bottom wall configured to be floating, a top wall, and a peripheral wall between the bottom and top wall, said housing covering or surrounding a portion of the support pole, wherein the bottom wall is provided with one or more lower air flow holes, and wherein at least one of the peripheral wall or said portion of the support pole is provided with one or more upper air flow holes. 2. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the one or more upper air flow holes are provided in an upper half of at least one of the peripheral wall or the portion of the support pole. 3. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the one or more upper air flow holes are provided in the peripheral wall and are formed as one or more slits. 4. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the peripheral wall is provided with one or more outwardly protruding portions arranged above the one or more slits. 5. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the peripheral wall comprises at least one side door for providing access to an internal space of the housing. 6. (canceled) 7. (canceled) 8. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the housing is provided with at least one separation wall dividing the internal space of the housing into at least two compartments, and wherein the at least two compartments are accessible by at least two side doors. 9. (canceled) 10. (canceled) 11. (canceled) 12. (canceled) 13. (canceled) 14. (canceled) 15. (canceled) 16. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein a fan is arranged in the housing or in the support pole. 17. (canceled) 18. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the housing has a first width extending in a first direction perpendicular to an axial direction of the support pole, said first width being inferior to an external diameter of the support pole. 19. The lamp post of claim 18, wherein the housing of the functional module has a second width extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first width and to an axial direction of the support pole, said second width being at least twice the external diameter of the support pole. 20. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the housing surrounds the support pole. 21. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the top wall of the housing is formed by an inclined upper surface sloping downward away from the support pole, and wherein a human interface device is integrated in the upper surface. 22. (canceled) 23. (canceled) 24. (canceled) 25. (canceled) 26. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the functional circuitry comprises base station circuitry comprising a combiner, a base transceiver unit, and a wired or wireless transmission interface configured for being connected to a communication network, wherein the combiner is connected to the antenna and to the base transceiver unit, and wherein the base transceiver unit is further connected to the transmission interface. 27. The lamp post of claim 26, wherein the base transceiver unit is arranged in a lower half of the housing. 28. (canceled) 29. A lamp post comprising:
a support pole; a light unit supported by the support pole said light unit comprising a light source; and a functional module comprising a housing and functional circuitry mounted in said housing, wherein the functional module is carried by the support pole, said housing covering or surrounding a portion of the support pole, wherein the housing is provided with at least one separation wall dividing the internal space of the housing into at least two compartments, and wherein the housing comprises at least two side doors providing access to the at least two compartments. 30. The lamp post of claim 29, wherein the at least two compartments comprise a first compartment and a second compartment separated by a vertical separation wall, and wherein the at least two side doors comprise a first door and a second door providing access to the first and second compartment, respectively. 31. The lamp post of claim 29, wherein the at least two compartments comprise a first compartment and a second compartment separated by a horizontal separation wall, and wherein the at least two side doors comprise a first door and a second door providing access to the first and second compartment, respectively, said second door being located below said first door. 32. (canceled) 33. (canceled) 34. The lamp post of claim 29, wherein each side door of the at least two side doors is provided with a three-point locking device. 35. The lamp post of claim 29, wherein the at least one separation wall comprises at least one separation wall provided with one or more air flow holes. 36. The lamp post of claim 29, wherein the at least two side doors comprise at least one door which is provided with one or more air flow holes. 37. The lamp post of claim 29, wherein the housing comprises a bottom wall configured to be floating, a top wall, and a peripheral wall between the bottom and top wall, wherein the bottom wall is provided with one or more lower air flow holes, and wherein at least one of the peripheral wall or the portion of the support pole is provided with one or more upper air flow holes. | 2,800 |
342,770 | 16,642,528 | 2,855 | An elastic laminate is provided including outer facing layers of a fabric and, located between the outer facing layers, a series of individual, spaced apart strips of elastic film extending continuously along the direction of elasticity. The film strips are formed by a controlled tearing of a continuous film while the film is biaxially stretched and bonded to the fabric facings. The fabric facings have gathers formed therein that allow the elastic laminate to stretch at least to the extent that the gathers can be pulled flat. | 1. An elastic article comprising:
a multi-layer laminate extending in a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and wherein said laminate is elastic in said first direction; said laminate having a first fabric layer and wherein said first fabric is extensible in the first direction; said laminate having an elastic layer adjacent said first fabric layer and wherein the elastic layer includes a series of spaced apart, elastic film strips extending continuously in the first direction, said film strips having jagged and irregular side edges that extend along said first direction; and wherein the laminate has an air permeability of between about 150-1000 CFM. 2. The elastic article of claim 1 further having a second fabric layer that is extensible in the first direction, and wherein the elastic layer is located adjacent and between the first and second fabric layers. 3. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein the elastic layer has between 0.5 and 14 film strips per cm along the second direction. 4. The elastic article of claim 3 wherein the average distance between proximate film strips is between about 0.07 mm and about 20 mm. 5. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein the elastic layer includes open segments extending continuously in the first direction located between the elastic film strips and wherein the first and second fabrics directly contact one another through said open segments. 6. The elastic article of claim 5 wherein the open segments are strewn with discrete elastic film fragments. 7. The elastic article of claim 5 wherein the elastic layer has between 1 and 12 film strips per cm along the second direction and further wherein the elastic layer has between 1 and 12 porous segments per cm along the second direction. 8. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein the first and second nonwoven webs have gathers extending across said laminate in the second direction. 9. The elastic article of claim 5 wherein the first and second nonwoven webs have gathers extending across said laminate in the second direction and that extend over both the film strips and open segments. 10. The elastic article of claim 1 wherein the elastic laminate has a % stretch of between 75% and 260% at 2000 g-f. 11. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein the laminate has a basis weight, in an untensioned state, of between about 25 and about 90 g/m2. 12. The elastic article of claim 11 wherein the elastic film comprises between about 10% and about 40% by weight of the laminate. 13. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein the first and second fabrics comprise a nonwoven web of olefin polymer fibers and further wherein the elastic film comprises an elastomer selected from the group of olefin elastomers, styrenic block copolymers and blends thereof. 14. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein film predominantly comprises an olefin elastomer and the first and second nonwoven webs comprise fibers predominantly comprising a first olefin polymer and further wherein the softening point of the olefin elastomer forming the film is lower than the softening point of the olefin polymer forming the nonwoven fibers. 15. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein the film strips are bonded to the fibers of the first and second fabrics. 16. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein the elastic film predominantly comprises a propylene elastomer and the fibers of the first and second nonwoven webs predominantly comprise a propylene polymer and wherein the softening point of the elastic film is at least 10° C. below that of the fibers. 17. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein the laminate has a basis weight less than about 60 g/m2 and wherein the elastic film comprises between about 10 to about 40% of the basis weight of the laminate. 18. The elastic article of claim 18 wherein the laminate has an air permeability of between about 150 and about 700 CFM and still further wherein the laminate has a % extension of between about 80% and 250% at 20000 g-f. 19. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein the laminate is elastic in the machine direction and inelastic in the second direction. 20. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein regions of the laminate corresponding to the open segments have a lower average basis weight than regions of the laminate corresponding to the film strips. 21. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein the film strips have micro-furrows extending substantially in the first direction. 22. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein the film strips are unapertured. 23. The elastic laminate of claim 8 having a series of furrows extending in the first direction and that substantially correspond with the regions of the laminate having the open segments. 24. An absorbent personal care article comprising:
a liquid permeable topsheet; a liquid impervious outer cover; an absorbent core located between the liquid permeable topsheet and the liquid impermeable outer cover; the elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the elastic laminate comprises a component of the absorbent personal care article selected from the group of waistband, side panel, back panel, attachment tabs, and leg elastics. | An elastic laminate is provided including outer facing layers of a fabric and, located between the outer facing layers, a series of individual, spaced apart strips of elastic film extending continuously along the direction of elasticity. The film strips are formed by a controlled tearing of a continuous film while the film is biaxially stretched and bonded to the fabric facings. The fabric facings have gathers formed therein that allow the elastic laminate to stretch at least to the extent that the gathers can be pulled flat.1. An elastic article comprising:
a multi-layer laminate extending in a first direction and a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and wherein said laminate is elastic in said first direction; said laminate having a first fabric layer and wherein said first fabric is extensible in the first direction; said laminate having an elastic layer adjacent said first fabric layer and wherein the elastic layer includes a series of spaced apart, elastic film strips extending continuously in the first direction, said film strips having jagged and irregular side edges that extend along said first direction; and wherein the laminate has an air permeability of between about 150-1000 CFM. 2. The elastic article of claim 1 further having a second fabric layer that is extensible in the first direction, and wherein the elastic layer is located adjacent and between the first and second fabric layers. 3. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein the elastic layer has between 0.5 and 14 film strips per cm along the second direction. 4. The elastic article of claim 3 wherein the average distance between proximate film strips is between about 0.07 mm and about 20 mm. 5. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein the elastic layer includes open segments extending continuously in the first direction located between the elastic film strips and wherein the first and second fabrics directly contact one another through said open segments. 6. The elastic article of claim 5 wherein the open segments are strewn with discrete elastic film fragments. 7. The elastic article of claim 5 wherein the elastic layer has between 1 and 12 film strips per cm along the second direction and further wherein the elastic layer has between 1 and 12 porous segments per cm along the second direction. 8. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein the first and second nonwoven webs have gathers extending across said laminate in the second direction. 9. The elastic article of claim 5 wherein the first and second nonwoven webs have gathers extending across said laminate in the second direction and that extend over both the film strips and open segments. 10. The elastic article of claim 1 wherein the elastic laminate has a % stretch of between 75% and 260% at 2000 g-f. 11. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein the laminate has a basis weight, in an untensioned state, of between about 25 and about 90 g/m2. 12. The elastic article of claim 11 wherein the elastic film comprises between about 10% and about 40% by weight of the laminate. 13. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein the first and second fabrics comprise a nonwoven web of olefin polymer fibers and further wherein the elastic film comprises an elastomer selected from the group of olefin elastomers, styrenic block copolymers and blends thereof. 14. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein film predominantly comprises an olefin elastomer and the first and second nonwoven webs comprise fibers predominantly comprising a first olefin polymer and further wherein the softening point of the olefin elastomer forming the film is lower than the softening point of the olefin polymer forming the nonwoven fibers. 15. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein the film strips are bonded to the fibers of the first and second fabrics. 16. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein the elastic film predominantly comprises a propylene elastomer and the fibers of the first and second nonwoven webs predominantly comprise a propylene polymer and wherein the softening point of the elastic film is at least 10° C. below that of the fibers. 17. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein the laminate has a basis weight less than about 60 g/m2 and wherein the elastic film comprises between about 10 to about 40% of the basis weight of the laminate. 18. The elastic article of claim 18 wherein the laminate has an air permeability of between about 150 and about 700 CFM and still further wherein the laminate has a % extension of between about 80% and 250% at 20000 g-f. 19. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein the laminate is elastic in the machine direction and inelastic in the second direction. 20. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein regions of the laminate corresponding to the open segments have a lower average basis weight than regions of the laminate corresponding to the film strips. 21. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein the film strips have micro-furrows extending substantially in the first direction. 22. The elastic article of claim 2 wherein the film strips are unapertured. 23. The elastic laminate of claim 8 having a series of furrows extending in the first direction and that substantially correspond with the regions of the laminate having the open segments. 24. An absorbent personal care article comprising:
a liquid permeable topsheet; a liquid impervious outer cover; an absorbent core located between the liquid permeable topsheet and the liquid impermeable outer cover; the elastic laminate of claim 1 wherein the elastic laminate comprises a component of the absorbent personal care article selected from the group of waistband, side panel, back panel, attachment tabs, and leg elastics. | 2,800 |
342,771 | 16,642,518 | 2,855 | A storage shelf base for an item of furniture or household appliance, includes a base plate stationarily secured to a body of the item of furniture or household appliance, a support plate arranged on the base plate, and a storage shelf, which is positively driven relative to the support plate and can simultaneously be moved rotationally and translationally. Facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and the storage shelf have respective at least substantially closed circulating running grooves, in which rolling elements are guided. The storage shelf is movable relative to the support plate, out of an initial position into an intermediate position, in an opening movement, in which the storage shelf is rotated relative to the support plate in a rotational direction and shifted in a predetermined direction and can be moved out of the intermediate position back into the initial position in a closing movement. The support plate has a closing-support device supporting the closing movement of the storage shelf. | 1-12. (canceled) 13. A storage shelf base for an item of furniture or household appliance, the storage shelf base comprising:
a support plate arranged on a body of the item of furniture or household appliance; a storage shelf, which is positively guided relative to the support plate and simultaneously movable in rotation and translation, wherein mutually facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and of the storage shelf have respective at least predominantly closed, circumferential running grooves in which rolling elements are guided, wherein the storage shelf is movable relative to the support plate in an opening movement from an initial position into an intermediate position, in which the storage shelf is rotated relative to the support plate in a direction of rotation and displaced in a predetermined direction and is movable in a closing movement from the intermediate position back into the initial position or further into the one direction of rotation into a position rotated through 180° to the initial position, and wherein the storage shelf base has a closing-support device supporting the closing movement of the storage shelf. 14. The storage shelf base of claim 13, wherein the storage shelf base has a base plate fastened in a stationary manner to the body of the item of furniture or domestic appliance, the support plate is arranged on the base plate, and the closing-support device is configured to act between the base plate and the support plate. 15. The storage shelf base of claim 14, wherein the closing-support device is
a wedge-shaped web between the base plate and the support plate, or a ribbed structure. 16. The storage shelf base of claim 14, wherein the closing-support device supporting the closing movement of the storage shelf is at least one step on the base plate or on the support plate 17. The storage shelf base of claim 16, wherein the closing-support device supporting the closing movement of the storage shelf is the at least one step on support plate, and the at least one step is on an underside of the support plate facing the base plate in the region of a front edge of the support plate. 18. The storage shelf base of claim 15, wherein a plane, on which the axes or points of rotation of the rolling elements lie, is inclined with respect to horizontal by the wedge-shaped web or by the ribbed structure. 19. The storage shelf base of claim 16, wherein a plane, on which the axes or points of rotation of the rolling elements lie, is inclined with respect to horizontal by the at least one step. 20. The storage shelf base of claim 16, wherein the at least one step is integrally formed on the base plate or on the support plate. 21. The storage shelf base of claim 16, wherein a height of the at least one step is dimensioned such that an inclination of the support plate in a closing direction relative to the base plate is between 1° and 5°. 22. The storage shelf base of claim 21, wherein the height of the at least one step is dimensioned such that an inclination of the support plate in the closing direction relative to the base plate is between 1° and 2°. 23. The storage shelf base of claim 13, wherein a geometry of the circumferential running grooves is configured in such a way that the movement of the storage shelf immediately before reaching the initial position contains a translatory movement component. 24. The storage shelf base of claim 13, wherein a geometry of the circumferential running grooves is configured in such a way that the direction of movement of the storage shelf is approximately rectilinear immediately before reaching the initial position. 25. An item of furniture, comprising:
a body; a storage shelf arranged in the body; and at least one storage shelf base, comprising
a support plate arranged on a body of the item of furniture or household appliance,
wherein the storage shelf is positively guided relative to the support plate and simultaneously movable in rotation and translation,
wherein mutually facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and of the storage shelf have respective at least predominantly closed, circumferential running grooves in which rolling elements are guided,
wherein the storage shelf is movable relative to the support plate in an opening movement from an initial position into an intermediate position, in which the storage shelf is rotated relative to the support plate in a direction of rotation and displaced in a predetermined direction and is movable in a closing movement from the intermediate position back into the initial position or further into the one direction of rotation into a position rotated through 180° to the initial position, and
wherein the storage shelf base has a closing-support device supporting the closing movement of the storage shelf. 26. A refrigerator or freezer, comprising:
a body; a storage shelf arranged in the body; and at least one storage shelf base, comprising
a support plate arranged on a body of the item of furniture or household appliance,
wherein the storage shelf is positively guided relative to the support plate and simultaneously movable in rotation and translation,
wherein mutually facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and of the storage shelf have respective at least predominantly closed, circumferential running grooves in which rolling elements are guided,
wherein the storage shelf is movable relative to the support plate in an opening movement from an initial position into an intermediate position, in which the storage shelf is rotated relative to the support plate in a direction of rotation and displaced in a predetermined direction and is movable in a closing movement from the intermediate position back into the initial position or further into the one direction of rotation into a position rotated through 180° to the initial position, and
wherein the storage shelf base has a closing-support device supporting the closing movement of the storage shelf. | A storage shelf base for an item of furniture or household appliance, includes a base plate stationarily secured to a body of the item of furniture or household appliance, a support plate arranged on the base plate, and a storage shelf, which is positively driven relative to the support plate and can simultaneously be moved rotationally and translationally. Facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and the storage shelf have respective at least substantially closed circulating running grooves, in which rolling elements are guided. The storage shelf is movable relative to the support plate, out of an initial position into an intermediate position, in an opening movement, in which the storage shelf is rotated relative to the support plate in a rotational direction and shifted in a predetermined direction and can be moved out of the intermediate position back into the initial position in a closing movement. The support plate has a closing-support device supporting the closing movement of the storage shelf.1-12. (canceled) 13. A storage shelf base for an item of furniture or household appliance, the storage shelf base comprising:
a support plate arranged on a body of the item of furniture or household appliance; a storage shelf, which is positively guided relative to the support plate and simultaneously movable in rotation and translation, wherein mutually facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and of the storage shelf have respective at least predominantly closed, circumferential running grooves in which rolling elements are guided, wherein the storage shelf is movable relative to the support plate in an opening movement from an initial position into an intermediate position, in which the storage shelf is rotated relative to the support plate in a direction of rotation and displaced in a predetermined direction and is movable in a closing movement from the intermediate position back into the initial position or further into the one direction of rotation into a position rotated through 180° to the initial position, and wherein the storage shelf base has a closing-support device supporting the closing movement of the storage shelf. 14. The storage shelf base of claim 13, wherein the storage shelf base has a base plate fastened in a stationary manner to the body of the item of furniture or domestic appliance, the support plate is arranged on the base plate, and the closing-support device is configured to act between the base plate and the support plate. 15. The storage shelf base of claim 14, wherein the closing-support device is
a wedge-shaped web between the base plate and the support plate, or a ribbed structure. 16. The storage shelf base of claim 14, wherein the closing-support device supporting the closing movement of the storage shelf is at least one step on the base plate or on the support plate 17. The storage shelf base of claim 16, wherein the closing-support device supporting the closing movement of the storage shelf is the at least one step on support plate, and the at least one step is on an underside of the support plate facing the base plate in the region of a front edge of the support plate. 18. The storage shelf base of claim 15, wherein a plane, on which the axes or points of rotation of the rolling elements lie, is inclined with respect to horizontal by the wedge-shaped web or by the ribbed structure. 19. The storage shelf base of claim 16, wherein a plane, on which the axes or points of rotation of the rolling elements lie, is inclined with respect to horizontal by the at least one step. 20. The storage shelf base of claim 16, wherein the at least one step is integrally formed on the base plate or on the support plate. 21. The storage shelf base of claim 16, wherein a height of the at least one step is dimensioned such that an inclination of the support plate in a closing direction relative to the base plate is between 1° and 5°. 22. The storage shelf base of claim 21, wherein the height of the at least one step is dimensioned such that an inclination of the support plate in the closing direction relative to the base plate is between 1° and 2°. 23. The storage shelf base of claim 13, wherein a geometry of the circumferential running grooves is configured in such a way that the movement of the storage shelf immediately before reaching the initial position contains a translatory movement component. 24. The storage shelf base of claim 13, wherein a geometry of the circumferential running grooves is configured in such a way that the direction of movement of the storage shelf is approximately rectilinear immediately before reaching the initial position. 25. An item of furniture, comprising:
a body; a storage shelf arranged in the body; and at least one storage shelf base, comprising
a support plate arranged on a body of the item of furniture or household appliance,
wherein the storage shelf is positively guided relative to the support plate and simultaneously movable in rotation and translation,
wherein mutually facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and of the storage shelf have respective at least predominantly closed, circumferential running grooves in which rolling elements are guided,
wherein the storage shelf is movable relative to the support plate in an opening movement from an initial position into an intermediate position, in which the storage shelf is rotated relative to the support plate in a direction of rotation and displaced in a predetermined direction and is movable in a closing movement from the intermediate position back into the initial position or further into the one direction of rotation into a position rotated through 180° to the initial position, and
wherein the storage shelf base has a closing-support device supporting the closing movement of the storage shelf. 26. A refrigerator or freezer, comprising:
a body; a storage shelf arranged in the body; and at least one storage shelf base, comprising
a support plate arranged on a body of the item of furniture or household appliance,
wherein the storage shelf is positively guided relative to the support plate and simultaneously movable in rotation and translation,
wherein mutually facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and of the storage shelf have respective at least predominantly closed, circumferential running grooves in which rolling elements are guided,
wherein the storage shelf is movable relative to the support plate in an opening movement from an initial position into an intermediate position, in which the storage shelf is rotated relative to the support plate in a direction of rotation and displaced in a predetermined direction and is movable in a closing movement from the intermediate position back into the initial position or further into the one direction of rotation into a position rotated through 180° to the initial position, and
wherein the storage shelf base has a closing-support device supporting the closing movement of the storage shelf. | 2,800 |
342,772 | 16,642,492 | 2,855 | The present invention discloses pseurotins and azaspirofurans and their use in the treatment and prevention in epilepsy and other seizures. The present invention further discloses methods to screen pseurotin- and azaspirofuran-like molecules as pharmaceutically active compounds. | 1.-8. (canceled) 9. A method of treating epilepsy in a patient in need thereof, the method comprising administering an effective amount of a pseurotin or an azaspirofuran to the patient. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the pseurotin or the azaspirofuran is selected from the group consisting of pseurotin D, 11-anthranilyl-pseurotin A, compound code 1JB, pseurotin F1, and 11-O-methylpseurotin A. 11. A method for identifying a pharmaceutical compound against epilepsy, the method comprising:
providing a compound comprising a moiety with chemical formula: 12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the compound is a pseurotin or an azaspirofuran. 13. The method according to claim 11, wherein the anti-seizure activity is determined in a zebrafish model. 14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the anti-seizure activity is further determined in a mammalian model. 15. The method according to claim 11, further comprising testing the compound for a side effect. 16. The method according to claim 11, further comprising formulating a compound with determined anti-seizure activity into a pharmaceutical composition with an acceptable carrier. | The present invention discloses pseurotins and azaspirofurans and their use in the treatment and prevention in epilepsy and other seizures. The present invention further discloses methods to screen pseurotin- and azaspirofuran-like molecules as pharmaceutically active compounds.1.-8. (canceled) 9. A method of treating epilepsy in a patient in need thereof, the method comprising administering an effective amount of a pseurotin or an azaspirofuran to the patient. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the pseurotin or the azaspirofuran is selected from the group consisting of pseurotin D, 11-anthranilyl-pseurotin A, compound code 1JB, pseurotin F1, and 11-O-methylpseurotin A. 11. A method for identifying a pharmaceutical compound against epilepsy, the method comprising:
providing a compound comprising a moiety with chemical formula: 12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the compound is a pseurotin or an azaspirofuran. 13. The method according to claim 11, wherein the anti-seizure activity is determined in a zebrafish model. 14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the anti-seizure activity is further determined in a mammalian model. 15. The method according to claim 11, further comprising testing the compound for a side effect. 16. The method according to claim 11, further comprising formulating a compound with determined anti-seizure activity into a pharmaceutical composition with an acceptable carrier. | 2,800 |
342,773 | 16,642,467 | 2,855 | Methods of increasing perfusion and vascularity in irradiated tissue and of increasing retention of fat cells in a fat graft in irradiated tissue by applying an effective amount of DFO to the irradiated tissue at a treatment site. The DFO may be administered transdermally by applying a transdermal delivery device to a tissue surface at the treatment site in multiple discrete doses. The transdermal delivery system comprises DFO encapsulated in reverse micelles. | 1. A method of increasing retention of fat cells in a fat graft in irradiated tissue, the method comprising:
applying an effective amount of DFO to the irradiated tissue at a treatment site; and increasing retention of fat cells in the fat graft. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the applying step comprises injecting DFO under dermis at the treatment site. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the applying step comprises applying DFO transdermally at the treatment site. 4. The method of claim 3 wherein the applying step comprises applying a transdermal delivery device to a tissue surface at the treatment site. 5. The method of claim 4 wherein the transdermal delivery system comprises DFO encapsulated in reverse micelles. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein the applying step comprises applying DFO to the irradiated tissue in multiple discrete doses. 7. The method of claim 1 further comprising grafting fat cells at the treatment site after the applying step. 8. A method of increasing blood perfusion in irradiated tissue, the method comprising:
applying an effective amount of DFO to the irradiated tissue at a treatment site; and increasing blood perfusion of the irradiated tissue at the treatment site. 9. The method of claim 8 wherein the applying step comprises injecting DFO under dermis at the treatment site. 10. The method of claim 8 wherein the applying step comprises applying DFO transdermally at the treatment site. 11. The method of claim 10 wherein the applying step comprises applying a transdermal delivery device to a tissue surface at the treatment site. 12. The method of claim 11 wherein the transdermal delivery system comprises DFO encapsulated in reverse micelles. 13. The method of claim 8 wherein the applying step comprises applying DFO to the irradiated tissue in multiple discrete doses. 14. A method of increasing vascularity in irradiated tissue, the method comprising:
applying an effective amount of DFO to the irradiated tissue at a treatment site; and increasing vascularity of the irradiated tissue at the treatment site. 15. The method of claim 14 wherein the applying step comprises injecting DFO under dermis at the treatment site. 16. The method of claim 14 wherein the applying step comprises applying DFO transdermally at the treatment site. 17. The method of claim 14 wherein the applying step comprises applying a transdermal delivery device to a tissue surface at the treatment site. 18. The method of claim 17 wherein the transdermal delivery system comprises DFO encapsulated in reverse micelles. 19. The method of claim 14 wherein the applying step comprises applying DFO to the irradiated tissue in multiple discrete doses. 20. A method of increasing collagen deposition in skin in irradiated tissue, the method comprising:
applying an effective amount of DFO to the irradiated tissue at a treatment site; and increasing collagen deposition of the irradiated tissue at the treatment site. 21. The method of claim 20 wherein the applying step comprises injecting DFO under dermis at the treatment site. 22. The method of claim 20 wherein the applying step comprises applying DFO transdermally at the treatment site. 23. The method of claim 20 wherein the applying step comprises applying a transdermal delivery device to a tissue surface at the treatment site. 24. The method of claim 23 wherein the transdermal delivery system comprises DFO encapsulated in reverse micelles. 25. The method of claim 20 wherein the applying step comprises applying DFO to the irradiated tissue in multiple discrete doses. 26.-31. (canceled) | Methods of increasing perfusion and vascularity in irradiated tissue and of increasing retention of fat cells in a fat graft in irradiated tissue by applying an effective amount of DFO to the irradiated tissue at a treatment site. The DFO may be administered transdermally by applying a transdermal delivery device to a tissue surface at the treatment site in multiple discrete doses. The transdermal delivery system comprises DFO encapsulated in reverse micelles.1. A method of increasing retention of fat cells in a fat graft in irradiated tissue, the method comprising:
applying an effective amount of DFO to the irradiated tissue at a treatment site; and increasing retention of fat cells in the fat graft. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the applying step comprises injecting DFO under dermis at the treatment site. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the applying step comprises applying DFO transdermally at the treatment site. 4. The method of claim 3 wherein the applying step comprises applying a transdermal delivery device to a tissue surface at the treatment site. 5. The method of claim 4 wherein the transdermal delivery system comprises DFO encapsulated in reverse micelles. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein the applying step comprises applying DFO to the irradiated tissue in multiple discrete doses. 7. The method of claim 1 further comprising grafting fat cells at the treatment site after the applying step. 8. A method of increasing blood perfusion in irradiated tissue, the method comprising:
applying an effective amount of DFO to the irradiated tissue at a treatment site; and increasing blood perfusion of the irradiated tissue at the treatment site. 9. The method of claim 8 wherein the applying step comprises injecting DFO under dermis at the treatment site. 10. The method of claim 8 wherein the applying step comprises applying DFO transdermally at the treatment site. 11. The method of claim 10 wherein the applying step comprises applying a transdermal delivery device to a tissue surface at the treatment site. 12. The method of claim 11 wherein the transdermal delivery system comprises DFO encapsulated in reverse micelles. 13. The method of claim 8 wherein the applying step comprises applying DFO to the irradiated tissue in multiple discrete doses. 14. A method of increasing vascularity in irradiated tissue, the method comprising:
applying an effective amount of DFO to the irradiated tissue at a treatment site; and increasing vascularity of the irradiated tissue at the treatment site. 15. The method of claim 14 wherein the applying step comprises injecting DFO under dermis at the treatment site. 16. The method of claim 14 wherein the applying step comprises applying DFO transdermally at the treatment site. 17. The method of claim 14 wherein the applying step comprises applying a transdermal delivery device to a tissue surface at the treatment site. 18. The method of claim 17 wherein the transdermal delivery system comprises DFO encapsulated in reverse micelles. 19. The method of claim 14 wherein the applying step comprises applying DFO to the irradiated tissue in multiple discrete doses. 20. A method of increasing collagen deposition in skin in irradiated tissue, the method comprising:
applying an effective amount of DFO to the irradiated tissue at a treatment site; and increasing collagen deposition of the irradiated tissue at the treatment site. 21. The method of claim 20 wherein the applying step comprises injecting DFO under dermis at the treatment site. 22. The method of claim 20 wherein the applying step comprises applying DFO transdermally at the treatment site. 23. The method of claim 20 wherein the applying step comprises applying a transdermal delivery device to a tissue surface at the treatment site. 24. The method of claim 23 wherein the transdermal delivery system comprises DFO encapsulated in reverse micelles. 25. The method of claim 20 wherein the applying step comprises applying DFO to the irradiated tissue in multiple discrete doses. 26.-31. (canceled) | 2,800 |
342,774 | 16,642,524 | 2,855 | A storage shelf base for an item of furniture or household appliance, includes a support plate arranged on a body of the item of furniture or household appliance, and a storage shelf positively driven relative to the support plate and can simultaneously be moved rotationally and traslationally. Facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and the storage shelf have respective closed circulating running grooves, in which rolling elements are guided. The storage shelf can be moved out of an initial position into an intermediate position, relative to the support plate in an opening movement, in which the storage shelf is rotated relative to the support plate in a rotational direction and shifted in a predetermined direction and can be moved out of the intermediate position back into the initial position in a closing movement. The facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and the storage shelf have respective second running grooves, in which rolling elements are guided. The second running grooves of the support plate and the storage shelf at least partially surround the first running grooves of the support plate and the storage shelf. | 1-18. (canceled) 19. A storage shelf for an item of furniture or household appliance, the storage shelf comprising:
a support plate arranged on a body of the item of furniture or household appliance; and a storage shelf, which is positively guided relative to the support plate and simultaneously movable in rotation and translation, wherein mutually facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and of the storage shelf have respective at least predominantly closed, circumferential first running grooves in which first rolling elements are guided, wherein the storage shelf is movable relative to the support plate in an opening movement from an initial position into an intermediate position, in which the storage shelf is rotated relative to the support plate in a direction of rotation and displaced in a predetermined direction and is movable in a closing movement from the intermediate position back into the initial position or further into the one direction of rotation into a position rotated through 180° to the initial position, wherein the mutually facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and of the storage shelf have respective second running grooves in which second rolling elements are guided, wherein the second running grooves of the support plate and of the storage shelf at least partially enclose the first running grooves of the support plate and of the storage shelf. 20. The storage shelf base of claim 19, wherein the second running grooves integrally formed in the bearing surface of the storage shelf are closed circumferential running grooves. 21. The storage shelf base of claim 20, wherein the second running groove integrally formed in the bearing surface of the support plate is open towards one side of the support plate. 22. The storage shelf base of claim 21, wherein the second running groove integrally formed in the bearing surface of the support plate, towards the one side of the support plate, is an inlet region having a lead-in chamfer or a rounding. 23. The storage shelf base of claim 19, wherein the first and second rolling elements are accommodated in at least one rolling element cage. 24. The storage shelf base of claim 19, wherein the first rolling elements comprise four rolling element spaced apart from each of and arranged between the first running grooves in the mutually bearing surfaces of the support plate and of the storage shelf. 25. The storage shelf base of claim 19, wherein the second rolling elements comprise four rolling element spaced apart from each of and arranged between the second running grooves in the mutually bearing surfaces of the support plate and of the storage shelf. 26. The storage shelf base of claim 19, wherein the first and second rolling elements are balls. 27. The storage shelf base of claim 19, wherein the first and second rolling elements are accommodated in a common rolling element cage. 28. The storage shelf base of claim 19, wherein the common rolling element cage has a circular ring and a plurality of extension arms extending from the circular ring. 29. The storage shelf base of claim 28, wherein the plurality of extension arms comprise at least two arm-shaped extension arms extending radially from the circular ring. 30. The storage shelf base of claim 28, wherein receiving pockets for receiving the first and second rolling elements are formed in a region of a free ends of the extension arms and in the circular ring in a region of a connection of the plurality of extension arms to the circular ring. 31. The storage shelf base of claim 28, wherein a length of the plurality of extension arms is greater than half a radius of the circular ring. 32. The storage shelf base of claim 19, further comprising:
a tilting protection element, which engages over an upper edge of the storage shelf or engages in a groove of the storage shelf, wherein the tilting protection element is arranged on the support plate to prevent a tilting movement of the storage shelf about a tilting axis parallel to a shelf surface of the storage shelf. 33. The storage shelf base of claim 32, wherein the tilting protection element is a catch hook. 34. The storage shelf base of claim 19, further comprising:
a base plate fastened in a stationary manner to the body the item of furniture or household appliance, wherein the support plate is arranged on the base plate. 35. An item of furniture, comprising:
a body; and at least one storage shelf base arranged in the body, wherein the at least one storage shelf comprises
a support plate arranged on a body of the item of furniture or household appliance; and
a storage shelf, which is positively guided relative to the support plate and simultaneously movable in rotation and translation,
wherein mutually facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and of the storage shelf have respective at least predominantly closed, circumferential first running grooves in which first rolling elements are guided,
wherein the storage shelf is movable relative to the support plate in an opening movement from an initial position into an intermediate position, in which the storage shelf is rotated relative to the support plate in a direction of rotation and displaced in a predetermined direction and is movable in a closing movement from the intermediate position back into the initial position or further into the one direction of rotation into a position rotated through 180° to the initial position,
wherein the mutually facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and of the storage shelf have respective second running grooves in which second rolling elements are guided, wherein the second running grooves of the support plate and of the storage shelf at least partially enclose the first running grooves of the support plate and of the storage shelf. 36. A refrigerator or freezer, comprising:
a body; and at least one storage shelf base arranged in the body, wherein the at least one storage shelf comprises
a support plate arranged on a body of the item of furniture or household appliance; and
a storage shelf, which is positively guided relative to the support plate and simultaneously movable in rotation and translation,
wherein mutually facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and of the storage shelf have respective at least predominantly closed, circumferential first running grooves in which first rolling elements are guided,
wherein the storage shelf is movable relative to the support plate in an opening movement from an initial position into an intermediate position, in which the storage shelf is rotated relative to the support plate in a direction of rotation and displaced in a predetermined direction and is movable in a closing movement from the intermediate position back into the initial position or further into the one direction of rotation into a position rotated through 180° to the initial position,
wherein the mutually facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and of the storage shelf have respective second running grooves in which second rolling elements are guided, wherein the second running grooves of the support plate and of the storage shelf at least partially enclose the first running grooves of the support plate and of the storage shelf. | A storage shelf base for an item of furniture or household appliance, includes a support plate arranged on a body of the item of furniture or household appliance, and a storage shelf positively driven relative to the support plate and can simultaneously be moved rotationally and traslationally. Facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and the storage shelf have respective closed circulating running grooves, in which rolling elements are guided. The storage shelf can be moved out of an initial position into an intermediate position, relative to the support plate in an opening movement, in which the storage shelf is rotated relative to the support plate in a rotational direction and shifted in a predetermined direction and can be moved out of the intermediate position back into the initial position in a closing movement. The facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and the storage shelf have respective second running grooves, in which rolling elements are guided. The second running grooves of the support plate and the storage shelf at least partially surround the first running grooves of the support plate and the storage shelf.1-18. (canceled) 19. A storage shelf for an item of furniture or household appliance, the storage shelf comprising:
a support plate arranged on a body of the item of furniture or household appliance; and a storage shelf, which is positively guided relative to the support plate and simultaneously movable in rotation and translation, wherein mutually facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and of the storage shelf have respective at least predominantly closed, circumferential first running grooves in which first rolling elements are guided, wherein the storage shelf is movable relative to the support plate in an opening movement from an initial position into an intermediate position, in which the storage shelf is rotated relative to the support plate in a direction of rotation and displaced in a predetermined direction and is movable in a closing movement from the intermediate position back into the initial position or further into the one direction of rotation into a position rotated through 180° to the initial position, wherein the mutually facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and of the storage shelf have respective second running grooves in which second rolling elements are guided, wherein the second running grooves of the support plate and of the storage shelf at least partially enclose the first running grooves of the support plate and of the storage shelf. 20. The storage shelf base of claim 19, wherein the second running grooves integrally formed in the bearing surface of the storage shelf are closed circumferential running grooves. 21. The storage shelf base of claim 20, wherein the second running groove integrally formed in the bearing surface of the support plate is open towards one side of the support plate. 22. The storage shelf base of claim 21, wherein the second running groove integrally formed in the bearing surface of the support plate, towards the one side of the support plate, is an inlet region having a lead-in chamfer or a rounding. 23. The storage shelf base of claim 19, wherein the first and second rolling elements are accommodated in at least one rolling element cage. 24. The storage shelf base of claim 19, wherein the first rolling elements comprise four rolling element spaced apart from each of and arranged between the first running grooves in the mutually bearing surfaces of the support plate and of the storage shelf. 25. The storage shelf base of claim 19, wherein the second rolling elements comprise four rolling element spaced apart from each of and arranged between the second running grooves in the mutually bearing surfaces of the support plate and of the storage shelf. 26. The storage shelf base of claim 19, wherein the first and second rolling elements are balls. 27. The storage shelf base of claim 19, wherein the first and second rolling elements are accommodated in a common rolling element cage. 28. The storage shelf base of claim 19, wherein the common rolling element cage has a circular ring and a plurality of extension arms extending from the circular ring. 29. The storage shelf base of claim 28, wherein the plurality of extension arms comprise at least two arm-shaped extension arms extending radially from the circular ring. 30. The storage shelf base of claim 28, wherein receiving pockets for receiving the first and second rolling elements are formed in a region of a free ends of the extension arms and in the circular ring in a region of a connection of the plurality of extension arms to the circular ring. 31. The storage shelf base of claim 28, wherein a length of the plurality of extension arms is greater than half a radius of the circular ring. 32. The storage shelf base of claim 19, further comprising:
a tilting protection element, which engages over an upper edge of the storage shelf or engages in a groove of the storage shelf, wherein the tilting protection element is arranged on the support plate to prevent a tilting movement of the storage shelf about a tilting axis parallel to a shelf surface of the storage shelf. 33. The storage shelf base of claim 32, wherein the tilting protection element is a catch hook. 34. The storage shelf base of claim 19, further comprising:
a base plate fastened in a stationary manner to the body the item of furniture or household appliance, wherein the support plate is arranged on the base plate. 35. An item of furniture, comprising:
a body; and at least one storage shelf base arranged in the body, wherein the at least one storage shelf comprises
a support plate arranged on a body of the item of furniture or household appliance; and
a storage shelf, which is positively guided relative to the support plate and simultaneously movable in rotation and translation,
wherein mutually facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and of the storage shelf have respective at least predominantly closed, circumferential first running grooves in which first rolling elements are guided,
wherein the storage shelf is movable relative to the support plate in an opening movement from an initial position into an intermediate position, in which the storage shelf is rotated relative to the support plate in a direction of rotation and displaced in a predetermined direction and is movable in a closing movement from the intermediate position back into the initial position or further into the one direction of rotation into a position rotated through 180° to the initial position,
wherein the mutually facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and of the storage shelf have respective second running grooves in which second rolling elements are guided, wherein the second running grooves of the support plate and of the storage shelf at least partially enclose the first running grooves of the support plate and of the storage shelf. 36. A refrigerator or freezer, comprising:
a body; and at least one storage shelf base arranged in the body, wherein the at least one storage shelf comprises
a support plate arranged on a body of the item of furniture or household appliance; and
a storage shelf, which is positively guided relative to the support plate and simultaneously movable in rotation and translation,
wherein mutually facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and of the storage shelf have respective at least predominantly closed, circumferential first running grooves in which first rolling elements are guided,
wherein the storage shelf is movable relative to the support plate in an opening movement from an initial position into an intermediate position, in which the storage shelf is rotated relative to the support plate in a direction of rotation and displaced in a predetermined direction and is movable in a closing movement from the intermediate position back into the initial position or further into the one direction of rotation into a position rotated through 180° to the initial position,
wherein the mutually facing bearing surfaces of the support plate and of the storage shelf have respective second running grooves in which second rolling elements are guided, wherein the second running grooves of the support plate and of the storage shelf at least partially enclose the first running grooves of the support plate and of the storage shelf. | 2,800 |
342,775 | 16,642,503 | 2,855 | A display panel, a display device, and a method for manufacturing a display panel are provided. The display panel includes first and second substrates, first and second alignment films and a liquid crystal layer extending along a first direction and a second direction and sequentially along a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction. The liquid crystal layer includes a column of liquid crystal molecules along the third direction, and includes a first liquid crystal molecule closest to the first alignment film and a second liquid crystal molecule closest to the second alignment film. The first liquid crystal molecule and the second liquid crystal molecule have different tilting tendencies with respect to the plane defined by the first direction and the second direction, and form a twist angle. | 1. A display panel, comprising:
a first substrate, a first alignment film, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment film and a second substrate extending along a first direction and a second direction and sequentially arranged along a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction, wherein the liquid crystal layer comprises a column of liquid crystal molecules along the third direction, and the column of liquid crystal molecules comprises a first liquid crystal molecule closest to the first alignment film and a second liquid crystal molecule closest to the second alignment film, wherein, on a plane defined by the first direction and the second direction, an orthographic projection of a long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule is at an acute angle to an orthographic projection of a long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule, wherein, on a plane defined by an angular bisector of the acute angle and the third direction, an extension line of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule intersects with an extension line of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule to form an intersection point, and wherein, on a line along the third direction, an orthographic projection of the intersection point is between the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule and the orthographic projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule. 2. The display panel of claim 1, wherein a sum of following items is 0°:
a degree of an angle formed by a line along the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule and the plane defined by the first direction and the second direction, and
a degree of the acute angle. 3. The display panel of claim 2, wherein an absolute value of the degree of the acute angle is less than or equal to 1.2°. 4. The display panel of claim 2, wherein an absolute value of the degree of the angle formed by the line along the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule and the plane defined by the first direction and the second direction is less than or equal to 20. 5. The display panel according to claim 1, further comprising at least one of a first compensation film at a side of the first substrate away from the liquid crystal layer or a second compensation film at a side of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer. 6. The display panel of claim 5,
wherein the first compensation film comprises a +A uniaxial compensation film or a −A uniaxial compensation film, and wherein the second compensation film comprises a +A uniaxial compensation film or a −A uniaxial compensation film. 7. The display panel of claim 6,
wherein the column of liquid crystal molecules comprises a third liquid crystal molecule closest to a liquid crystal molecule of the +A uniaxial compensation film, and wherein a direction of a long axis of the liquid crystal molecule of the +A uniaxial compensation film is perpendicular to a direction of a long axis of the third liquid crystal molecule. 8. The display panel of claim 6,
wherein the column of liquid crystal molecules comprises a fourth liquid crystal molecule closest to a liquid crystal molecule of the −A uniaxial compensation film, and wherein a direction of a long axis of the liquid crystal molecule of the −A uniaxial compensation film is a same a direction of a long axis of the fourth liquid crystal molecule. 9. The display panel of claim 6, wherein the first compensation film and the second compensation film are both +A uniaxial compensation films, or the first compensation film and the second compensation film are both −A uniaxial compensation films. 10. The display panel of claim 9, wherein the first compensation film and the second compensation film have equal in-plane phase retardations for incident light with a same wavelength. 11. The display panel of claim 9,
wherein the first compensation film and the second compensation film are both −A uniaxial compensation films, and wherein a range of in-plane phase retardations of the first compensation film and the second compensation film for incident light with a wavelength of 550 nm is −65 nm to −70 nm. 12. The display panel of claim 9,
wherein the first compensation film and the second compensation film are both +A uniaxial compensation films, and wherein a range of in-plane phase retardations of the first compensation film and the second compensation film for incident light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 25 nm to 35 nm. 13. The display panel of claim 1, wherein the display panel comprises an ADS mode liquid crystal display panel. 14. The display panel of claim 13,
wherein the display panel comprises a rectangular pixel, and wherein an extending direction of a slit pixel electrode of the rectangular pixel is same as an extending direction of a long side of the rectangular pixel. 15. A display device, comprising the display panel according to claim 1. 16. A method for manufacturing a display panel, comprising:
providing a first substrate and a second substrate extending along a first direction and a second direction; forming a first alignment material film on the first substrate and forming a second alignment material film on the second substrate; rubbing the first alignment material film and the second alignment material film along a same direction, so that the first alignment material film becomes a first alignment film and the second alignment material film becomes a second alignment film; providing liquid crystal on the first alignment film or the second alignment film; and bonding the first substrate and the second substrate, so that the first substrate, the first alignment film, a liquid crystal layer formed by the liquid crystal, the second alignment film and the second substrate are sequentially arranged along a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction, wherein, the liquid crystal layer comprises a column of liquid crystal molecules along the third direction, and the column of liquid crystal molecules comprises a first liquid crystal molecule closest to the first alignment film and a second liquid crystal molecule closest to the second alignment film, wherein, on a plane defined by the first direction and the second direction, an orthographic projection of a long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule is at an acute angle to an orthographic projection of a long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule, wherein, on a plane defined by an angular bisector of the acute angle and the third direction, an extension line of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule intersects with an extension line of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule to form an intersection point, and wherein, on a line along the third direction, an orthographic projection of the intersection point is between the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule and the orthographic projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule. 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
providing a first compensation film at a side of the first substrate away from the liquid crystal layer. 18. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
providing a second compensation film at a side of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer. | A display panel, a display device, and a method for manufacturing a display panel are provided. The display panel includes first and second substrates, first and second alignment films and a liquid crystal layer extending along a first direction and a second direction and sequentially along a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction. The liquid crystal layer includes a column of liquid crystal molecules along the third direction, and includes a first liquid crystal molecule closest to the first alignment film and a second liquid crystal molecule closest to the second alignment film. The first liquid crystal molecule and the second liquid crystal molecule have different tilting tendencies with respect to the plane defined by the first direction and the second direction, and form a twist angle.1. A display panel, comprising:
a first substrate, a first alignment film, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment film and a second substrate extending along a first direction and a second direction and sequentially arranged along a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction, wherein the liquid crystal layer comprises a column of liquid crystal molecules along the third direction, and the column of liquid crystal molecules comprises a first liquid crystal molecule closest to the first alignment film and a second liquid crystal molecule closest to the second alignment film, wherein, on a plane defined by the first direction and the second direction, an orthographic projection of a long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule is at an acute angle to an orthographic projection of a long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule, wherein, on a plane defined by an angular bisector of the acute angle and the third direction, an extension line of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule intersects with an extension line of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule to form an intersection point, and wherein, on a line along the third direction, an orthographic projection of the intersection point is between the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule and the orthographic projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule. 2. The display panel of claim 1, wherein a sum of following items is 0°:
a degree of an angle formed by a line along the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule and the plane defined by the first direction and the second direction, and
a degree of the acute angle. 3. The display panel of claim 2, wherein an absolute value of the degree of the acute angle is less than or equal to 1.2°. 4. The display panel of claim 2, wherein an absolute value of the degree of the angle formed by the line along the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule and the plane defined by the first direction and the second direction is less than or equal to 20. 5. The display panel according to claim 1, further comprising at least one of a first compensation film at a side of the first substrate away from the liquid crystal layer or a second compensation film at a side of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer. 6. The display panel of claim 5,
wherein the first compensation film comprises a +A uniaxial compensation film or a −A uniaxial compensation film, and wherein the second compensation film comprises a +A uniaxial compensation film or a −A uniaxial compensation film. 7. The display panel of claim 6,
wherein the column of liquid crystal molecules comprises a third liquid crystal molecule closest to a liquid crystal molecule of the +A uniaxial compensation film, and wherein a direction of a long axis of the liquid crystal molecule of the +A uniaxial compensation film is perpendicular to a direction of a long axis of the third liquid crystal molecule. 8. The display panel of claim 6,
wherein the column of liquid crystal molecules comprises a fourth liquid crystal molecule closest to a liquid crystal molecule of the −A uniaxial compensation film, and wherein a direction of a long axis of the liquid crystal molecule of the −A uniaxial compensation film is a same a direction of a long axis of the fourth liquid crystal molecule. 9. The display panel of claim 6, wherein the first compensation film and the second compensation film are both +A uniaxial compensation films, or the first compensation film and the second compensation film are both −A uniaxial compensation films. 10. The display panel of claim 9, wherein the first compensation film and the second compensation film have equal in-plane phase retardations for incident light with a same wavelength. 11. The display panel of claim 9,
wherein the first compensation film and the second compensation film are both −A uniaxial compensation films, and wherein a range of in-plane phase retardations of the first compensation film and the second compensation film for incident light with a wavelength of 550 nm is −65 nm to −70 nm. 12. The display panel of claim 9,
wherein the first compensation film and the second compensation film are both +A uniaxial compensation films, and wherein a range of in-plane phase retardations of the first compensation film and the second compensation film for incident light with a wavelength of 550 nm is 25 nm to 35 nm. 13. The display panel of claim 1, wherein the display panel comprises an ADS mode liquid crystal display panel. 14. The display panel of claim 13,
wherein the display panel comprises a rectangular pixel, and wherein an extending direction of a slit pixel electrode of the rectangular pixel is same as an extending direction of a long side of the rectangular pixel. 15. A display device, comprising the display panel according to claim 1. 16. A method for manufacturing a display panel, comprising:
providing a first substrate and a second substrate extending along a first direction and a second direction; forming a first alignment material film on the first substrate and forming a second alignment material film on the second substrate; rubbing the first alignment material film and the second alignment material film along a same direction, so that the first alignment material film becomes a first alignment film and the second alignment material film becomes a second alignment film; providing liquid crystal on the first alignment film or the second alignment film; and bonding the first substrate and the second substrate, so that the first substrate, the first alignment film, a liquid crystal layer formed by the liquid crystal, the second alignment film and the second substrate are sequentially arranged along a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction, wherein, the liquid crystal layer comprises a column of liquid crystal molecules along the third direction, and the column of liquid crystal molecules comprises a first liquid crystal molecule closest to the first alignment film and a second liquid crystal molecule closest to the second alignment film, wherein, on a plane defined by the first direction and the second direction, an orthographic projection of a long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule is at an acute angle to an orthographic projection of a long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule, wherein, on a plane defined by an angular bisector of the acute angle and the third direction, an extension line of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule intersects with an extension line of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule to form an intersection point, and wherein, on a line along the third direction, an orthographic projection of the intersection point is between the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule and the orthographic projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule. 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
providing a first compensation film at a side of the first substrate away from the liquid crystal layer. 18. The method of claim 16, further comprising:
providing a second compensation film at a side of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer. | 2,800 |
342,776 | 16,642,498 | 2,855 | First fluid flows from a wellbore through a flow assembly and into a casing inserted into the wellbore. An optical cable is arranged on a bobbin attached to a bottom surface of the flow assembly. The optical cable of the flow assembly is released into the flow of the first fluid and is positioned downhole from the flow assembly by the flow of the first fluid. One or more signals are received via the optical cable. A determination is made that an annulus between the casing and a wall of the wellbore is filled with a second fluid based on the one or more signals. Flow of the second fluid is stopped based on the determination. | 1. A method comprising:
causing first fluid to flow from a wellbore through a flow assembly and into a casing inserted into the wellbore; releasing an optical cable of the flow assembly into the flow of the first fluid, wherein the optical cable is arranged on a bobbin affixed to a bottom surface of the flow assembly, and wherein the optical cable is positioned downhole from the flow assembly by the flow of the first fluid; receiving one or more signals via the optical cable; determining that an annulus between the casing and a wall of the wellbore is filled with a second fluid based on the one or more signals; and causing flow of the second fluid to be stopped based on the determination. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein releasing the optical cable comprises causing the optical cable to be unwound from the bobbin as the flow of the first fluid pulls on an end of the optical cable. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the annulus between the casing and the wall is filled with the second fluid comprises detecting a change in one or more conditions in the casing based on the one or more signals. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the second fluid is cement, the method further comprising causing the second fluid to flow from the wellbore through the flow assembly and into the annulus based on a signal indicative of a dart attached to an end of the optical cable reaching a location in the casing. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the optical cable has one or more sensors to sense conditions in the annulus. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the annulus between the casing and the wall of the wellbore is filled with the second fluid comprises determining that the casing is filled with cement. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein releasing the optical cable of the flow assembly comprises causing a plug to contact the flow assembly which causes the bobbin to release the optical cable. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the first fluid and second fluid are the same. 9. An apparatus comprising:
a body with a port for allowing fluid communication between a wellbore and a casing inserted into the wellbore; and a bobbin affixed to a bottom surface of the body, wherein optical cable is arranged on the bobbin. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the port has a check valve for allowing fluid to flow from the wellbore to the casing and not allowing the fluid to flow from the casing to the wellbore. 11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the body further comprises another port for allowing fluid flow from the wellbore to an annulus between the casing and a wall of the wellbore. 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the optical cable comprises a drag member which is pulled by fluid flow to a float structure in the casing having one or more sensors which provide one or more signals indicative of whether the annulus is filled with cement. 13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the optical cable comprises one or more sensors for sensing one or more conditions in the annulus. 14. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the body comprises a wet connect which when connected with a plug causes the optical cable to be released from the bobbin. 15. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the optical cable is released from the bobbin when the port is arranged to allow fluid flow between the wellbore and the casing inserted into the wellbore. 16. A system comprising:
a data processing system; a flow assembly, wherein the flow assembly is positioned downhole in a wellbore of a geological formation, the flow assembly comprising a body with a port to allow fluid flow between a wellbore and a casing inserted into the wellbore; and a bobbin affixed to a bottom surface of the body, wherein an optical cable is arranged on the bobbin; and telemetry to communicate signals from the optical cable to the data processing system. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the body further comprises another port for allowing fluid flow from the wellbore to an annulus between the casing and a wall of the wellbore. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein the optical cable comprises a drag member which is pulled by fluid flow to engage with a float structure in the casing having one or more sensors which provide one or more signals to the optical cable indicative of whether the annulus is filled with cement. 19. The system of claim 16, wherein the optical cable is positioned in an annulus between the casing and the wall of the wellbore based on the fluid flow. 20. The system of claim 16, wherein the body comprises a wet connect which when engaged with a plug causes the bobbin to release the optical cable. | First fluid flows from a wellbore through a flow assembly and into a casing inserted into the wellbore. An optical cable is arranged on a bobbin attached to a bottom surface of the flow assembly. The optical cable of the flow assembly is released into the flow of the first fluid and is positioned downhole from the flow assembly by the flow of the first fluid. One or more signals are received via the optical cable. A determination is made that an annulus between the casing and a wall of the wellbore is filled with a second fluid based on the one or more signals. Flow of the second fluid is stopped based on the determination.1. A method comprising:
causing first fluid to flow from a wellbore through a flow assembly and into a casing inserted into the wellbore; releasing an optical cable of the flow assembly into the flow of the first fluid, wherein the optical cable is arranged on a bobbin affixed to a bottom surface of the flow assembly, and wherein the optical cable is positioned downhole from the flow assembly by the flow of the first fluid; receiving one or more signals via the optical cable; determining that an annulus between the casing and a wall of the wellbore is filled with a second fluid based on the one or more signals; and causing flow of the second fluid to be stopped based on the determination. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein releasing the optical cable comprises causing the optical cable to be unwound from the bobbin as the flow of the first fluid pulls on an end of the optical cable. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the annulus between the casing and the wall is filled with the second fluid comprises detecting a change in one or more conditions in the casing based on the one or more signals. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the second fluid is cement, the method further comprising causing the second fluid to flow from the wellbore through the flow assembly and into the annulus based on a signal indicative of a dart attached to an end of the optical cable reaching a location in the casing. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the optical cable has one or more sensors to sense conditions in the annulus. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the annulus between the casing and the wall of the wellbore is filled with the second fluid comprises determining that the casing is filled with cement. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein releasing the optical cable of the flow assembly comprises causing a plug to contact the flow assembly which causes the bobbin to release the optical cable. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the first fluid and second fluid are the same. 9. An apparatus comprising:
a body with a port for allowing fluid communication between a wellbore and a casing inserted into the wellbore; and a bobbin affixed to a bottom surface of the body, wherein optical cable is arranged on the bobbin. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the port has a check valve for allowing fluid to flow from the wellbore to the casing and not allowing the fluid to flow from the casing to the wellbore. 11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the body further comprises another port for allowing fluid flow from the wellbore to an annulus between the casing and a wall of the wellbore. 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the optical cable comprises a drag member which is pulled by fluid flow to a float structure in the casing having one or more sensors which provide one or more signals indicative of whether the annulus is filled with cement. 13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the optical cable comprises one or more sensors for sensing one or more conditions in the annulus. 14. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the body comprises a wet connect which when connected with a plug causes the optical cable to be released from the bobbin. 15. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the optical cable is released from the bobbin when the port is arranged to allow fluid flow between the wellbore and the casing inserted into the wellbore. 16. A system comprising:
a data processing system; a flow assembly, wherein the flow assembly is positioned downhole in a wellbore of a geological formation, the flow assembly comprising a body with a port to allow fluid flow between a wellbore and a casing inserted into the wellbore; and a bobbin affixed to a bottom surface of the body, wherein an optical cable is arranged on the bobbin; and telemetry to communicate signals from the optical cable to the data processing system. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the body further comprises another port for allowing fluid flow from the wellbore to an annulus between the casing and a wall of the wellbore. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein the optical cable comprises a drag member which is pulled by fluid flow to engage with a float structure in the casing having one or more sensors which provide one or more signals to the optical cable indicative of whether the annulus is filled with cement. 19. The system of claim 16, wherein the optical cable is positioned in an annulus between the casing and the wall of the wellbore based on the fluid flow. 20. The system of claim 16, wherein the body comprises a wet connect which when engaged with a plug causes the bobbin to release the optical cable. | 2,800 |
342,777 | 16,642,512 | 1,743 | Disclosed is a coater assembly 1 for a 3D printer, comprising a coater 3 having a container 5 which defines an inner cavity for receiving particulate construction material which opens into a container opening 7 for outputting the particulate construction material from the container 5, and an output region 9 which defines a coater output opening 11 for outputting the particulate construction material from the coater 3 onto a construction field. The container 5 is movable relative to the coater output opening 11 so that by moving the container 5 relative to the coater output opening a discharge of particulate construction material from the inner cavity through the container opening 7 and the coater output opening 11 onto the construction field is variable. | 1-17. (canceled) 18. A coater assembly (1) for a 3D printer, comprising:
a coater (3) including
a container (5) which defines an inner cavity for receiving a particulate construction material which opens into a container opening (7) for outputting the particulate construction material from the container (5), and
an output region (9) which defines a coater output opening (11) for outputting the particulate construction material from the coater (3) onto a construction field,
characterized in that
the container (5) is movable relative to the coater output opening (11), so that, by moving the container (5) relative to the coater output opening (11), a discharge of the particulate construction material from the inner cavity through the container opening (7) and the coater output opening (11) onto the construction field is variable. 19. The coater assembly of claim 18, wherein by moving the container (5) relative to the coater output opening (11), the discharge of the particulate construction material can be dosed. 20. The coater assembly (1) of claim 18, wherein by moving the container (5) relative to the coater output opening (11), the discharge of the particulate construction material can be suppressed. 21. The coater assembly (1) of claim 18, wherein the container (5) is pivotable relative to the coater output opening (11). 22. The coater assembly (1) of claim 18, wherein the output region (9) comprises at least one stroking/sweeping member (13a) configured to stroke construction material output from the coater output opening (11) to thereby level and/or compress the output particulate material, and the container (5) is movable relative to the at least one stroking/sweeping member (13 a). 23. The coater assembly (1) of claim 22, wherein the coater (3) further comprises a support structure (15) to which the at least one stroking/sweeping member (13 a) is attached. 24. The coater assembly (1) of claim 23, further comprising a bearing block (23) to which the support structure (15) is pivotably attached, so that the support structure (15) and the at least one stroking/sweeping member (13 a) attached thereto are pivotable relative to the bearing block (23) to set an angle of the at least one stroking/sweeping member (13 a). 25. The coater assembly (1) of claim 23, wherein the container (5) is pivotably attached to the support structure (15). 26. The coater assembly (1) of claim 18, further comprising a guide structure and a drive by which the coater (3) is movable across the construction field. 27. The coater assembly (1) of claim 18, further comprising a vibration device by which the particulate construction material received in the container can be vibrated. 28. The coater assembly (1) of claim 27, wherein the container (5) is elongated, the vibration drive (17) is located at a first longitudinal end of the container, and a drive (19) for moving the container (5) relative to the coater output opening (11) is located at a second longitudinal end of the container (5). 29. The coater assembly (1) of claim 27, wherein the container (5) is pivotable relative to the coater output opening (11) about a pivot axis (21), and the vibration drive (17) excites the pivot axis (21) of the container (5) in an axial direction. 30. The coater assembly (1) of claim 18, wherein an outer wall (5a) of the container (5) has a downwardly tapering shape in a cross-section. 31. The coater assembly (1) of claim 18, wherein an outer wall (5a) of the container (5) has a circular arc shape in a cross-section. 32. The coater assembly (1) of claim 18, wherein an outer wall (5a) of the container (5) has a trough shape in a cross-section. 33. The coater assembly (1) of claim 18, wherein the container (5) is elongated and the container has one or more transverse ridges (5b) in its longitudinal direction. 34. The coater assembly (1) of claim 18, wherein the coater (3) further comprises a storage container (27) configured to feed the container (5) with the particulate construction material, and the container (5) is movable relative to the storage container (27). 35. The coater assembly (1) of claim 18, further comprising a control unit (C) configured to move the container (5) relative to the coater output opening (11) by means of a drive (19) to thereby vary the discharge. 36. A 3D printer comprising:
a coater assembly having a coater (3), the coater (3) including a container (5) which defines an inner cavity for receiving a particulate construction material which opens into a container opening (7) for outputting the particulate construction material from the container (5), and an output region (9) which defines a coater output opening (11) for outputting the particulate construction material from the coater (3) onto a construction field, characterized in that the container (5) is movable relative to the coater output opening (11), so that, by moving the container (5) relative to the coater output opening (11), a discharge of the particulate construction material from the inner cavity through the container opening (7) and the coater output opening (11) onto the construction field is variable. | Disclosed is a coater assembly 1 for a 3D printer, comprising a coater 3 having a container 5 which defines an inner cavity for receiving particulate construction material which opens into a container opening 7 for outputting the particulate construction material from the container 5, and an output region 9 which defines a coater output opening 11 for outputting the particulate construction material from the coater 3 onto a construction field. The container 5 is movable relative to the coater output opening 11 so that by moving the container 5 relative to the coater output opening a discharge of particulate construction material from the inner cavity through the container opening 7 and the coater output opening 11 onto the construction field is variable.1-17. (canceled) 18. A coater assembly (1) for a 3D printer, comprising:
a coater (3) including
a container (5) which defines an inner cavity for receiving a particulate construction material which opens into a container opening (7) for outputting the particulate construction material from the container (5), and
an output region (9) which defines a coater output opening (11) for outputting the particulate construction material from the coater (3) onto a construction field,
characterized in that
the container (5) is movable relative to the coater output opening (11), so that, by moving the container (5) relative to the coater output opening (11), a discharge of the particulate construction material from the inner cavity through the container opening (7) and the coater output opening (11) onto the construction field is variable. 19. The coater assembly of claim 18, wherein by moving the container (5) relative to the coater output opening (11), the discharge of the particulate construction material can be dosed. 20. The coater assembly (1) of claim 18, wherein by moving the container (5) relative to the coater output opening (11), the discharge of the particulate construction material can be suppressed. 21. The coater assembly (1) of claim 18, wherein the container (5) is pivotable relative to the coater output opening (11). 22. The coater assembly (1) of claim 18, wherein the output region (9) comprises at least one stroking/sweeping member (13a) configured to stroke construction material output from the coater output opening (11) to thereby level and/or compress the output particulate material, and the container (5) is movable relative to the at least one stroking/sweeping member (13 a). 23. The coater assembly (1) of claim 22, wherein the coater (3) further comprises a support structure (15) to which the at least one stroking/sweeping member (13 a) is attached. 24. The coater assembly (1) of claim 23, further comprising a bearing block (23) to which the support structure (15) is pivotably attached, so that the support structure (15) and the at least one stroking/sweeping member (13 a) attached thereto are pivotable relative to the bearing block (23) to set an angle of the at least one stroking/sweeping member (13 a). 25. The coater assembly (1) of claim 23, wherein the container (5) is pivotably attached to the support structure (15). 26. The coater assembly (1) of claim 18, further comprising a guide structure and a drive by which the coater (3) is movable across the construction field. 27. The coater assembly (1) of claim 18, further comprising a vibration device by which the particulate construction material received in the container can be vibrated. 28. The coater assembly (1) of claim 27, wherein the container (5) is elongated, the vibration drive (17) is located at a first longitudinal end of the container, and a drive (19) for moving the container (5) relative to the coater output opening (11) is located at a second longitudinal end of the container (5). 29. The coater assembly (1) of claim 27, wherein the container (5) is pivotable relative to the coater output opening (11) about a pivot axis (21), and the vibration drive (17) excites the pivot axis (21) of the container (5) in an axial direction. 30. The coater assembly (1) of claim 18, wherein an outer wall (5a) of the container (5) has a downwardly tapering shape in a cross-section. 31. The coater assembly (1) of claim 18, wherein an outer wall (5a) of the container (5) has a circular arc shape in a cross-section. 32. The coater assembly (1) of claim 18, wherein an outer wall (5a) of the container (5) has a trough shape in a cross-section. 33. The coater assembly (1) of claim 18, wherein the container (5) is elongated and the container has one or more transverse ridges (5b) in its longitudinal direction. 34. The coater assembly (1) of claim 18, wherein the coater (3) further comprises a storage container (27) configured to feed the container (5) with the particulate construction material, and the container (5) is movable relative to the storage container (27). 35. The coater assembly (1) of claim 18, further comprising a control unit (C) configured to move the container (5) relative to the coater output opening (11) by means of a drive (19) to thereby vary the discharge. 36. A 3D printer comprising:
a coater assembly having a coater (3), the coater (3) including a container (5) which defines an inner cavity for receiving a particulate construction material which opens into a container opening (7) for outputting the particulate construction material from the container (5), and an output region (9) which defines a coater output opening (11) for outputting the particulate construction material from the coater (3) onto a construction field, characterized in that the container (5) is movable relative to the coater output opening (11), so that, by moving the container (5) relative to the coater output opening (11), a discharge of the particulate construction material from the inner cavity through the container opening (7) and the coater output opening (11) onto the construction field is variable. | 1,700 |
342,778 | 16,642,517 | 1,743 | This invention is related to the method and system apparatus for installing large scale solar cell panels on mountain slopes. More specifically, because the existing method of installing solar cell modules above ground requires a broad land area and has the problem of the impossibility of constructing solar photovoltaic power stations that can replace nuclear power plants in a nation with limited land area, this invention is providing the effective method of constructing large scale photovoltaic power generation station and application system apparatus therein that increases the land-use efficiency by providing the system apparatus and method for tiered installation of several solar cell panels in top-to-bottom vertical direction using abandoned mountain slopes. In addition, this invention provides technology that improves the lifespan of photovoltaic power generation system semi-permanently by panel replacement and simple maintenance of panels by hoisting up or down with a motor winch through rails for installation and disassembling of the system thereof. Thus, this invention provides the most economic solution to build a solar power station utilizing mountain slop, safe against strong wind by connecting 4 axes of panels with rails, and that improves the sunlight collection efficiency based on arbitrary variation of reflecting plane of each frame by 360 degrees with a length variable connection tool between each corner of solar cell panel frames and rails. | 1-14. (canceled) 15. A system apparatus for installing solar cell panels in top-to-bottom vertical direction, comprising;
(1) a plurality of rails being vertically installed on the south side of a tower-shaped steel structure, (2) a wire rope winding means that is constructed between the upper part and lower part between the said rails, (3) a chain of solar cell panel mounting frames connecting the upper part and lower parts of a plurality of the solar cell panel mounting frames in a vertical direction, (4) a system apparatus for mounting the chain of solar cell panel mounting frames with a composition of varying gradient and slope of each frame toward a selected direction around 360 degrees with a connection tool to connect the solar cell panel mounting frames and the rails with bolts and nuts after hoisting up the chain of solar cell panel mounting frames with the wire rope winding means in connection with rails between the said rails. 16. The system apparatus of claim 15, wherein the connection tool is constructed to adjust the length between the rails and each solar cell panel mounting frame from selective side from 4 sides (up, down, left, right) of the solar cell panel mounting frame and whereby the gradient and slope of each frame can be adjusted by the length of the connection tools of each side selectively. 17. The system apparatus of claim 15, further comprising a ladder between the rails that mounted with the chain of solar cell panel mounting frames to enable easy access for maintenance and installation of the system thereof. 18. The system apparatus of claim 15, wherein the wire rope winding means comprising a wire rope with steel chain connecting steel loops in order or a rope. 19. A system apparatus for mounting of solar cell panels on mountain slopes, comprising;
(1) a plurality of rails installed vertically between the top and lower parts of a mountain slope in relation to the south side of a mountain slope, (2) a wire rope winding means constructed between the upper and lower parts between the said rails, (3) a chain of solar cell panel mounting frames that connects the upper and lower parts of a plurality of solar cell panel mounting frames as a detachable type in a vertical direction, (4) a system apparatus for mounting the chain of solar cell panel mounting frames with a composition of varying gradient and slope of each frame toward a selected direction with a connection tool to connect the solar cell panel mounting frames and the rails with bolts and nuts after hoisting up the chain of solar cell panel mounting frames with the wire rope winding means in connection with rails between the said rails. 20. The system apparatus of claim 19, wherein the connection tool is comprising selectively from motorized and hydrodynamic type to vary the slope and gradient of a solar cell panel toward a selected direction of 360 degrees by remote control. 21. The system apparatus of claim 19, further comprising a ladder between the rails that mounting the chain of solar cell panel mounting frames to enable easy access for maintenance and the rails to be selectively connected in the form of a straight line, curved line, or tiered type according to the topography of the mountain slope. 22. The system apparatus of claim 19, further installing the rails in vertical direction after installing a plurality of horizontal rails on bedrock or a separate structure according to the mountain slope topography. 23. A method for installing solar cell panels, comprising the steps of;
(1) constructing a plurality of rails vertically on the south side of a structure for mounting a plurality of solar cell panel mounting frames, (2) constructing a wire rope winding means between the upper and lower parts between the rails for installing a plurality of solar cell panel mounting frames, (3) constructing a chain of a plurality of solar cell panel mounting frame that connects the upper and lower parts of each solar cell panel mounting frame together, and (4) connecting the solar cell panel mounting frames and rails with bolts and nuts after hoisting up the chain of the said solar cell panel mounting frames with the wire rope winding means in connection with rails between the said rails, changing the gradient and slope of each panel with a connection tool and variably install in a selected direction, and disassembling by hoisting down the chain of a plurality of solar cell panel mounting frames for maintenance if needed. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the rails comprising selectively L-shaped, ⊥ shaped, and U shaped section steel, perforating connection holes on the side of the rails for bolts and nuts connection, and adjusting a gradient and slope of solar cell panel in a selected direction by adjusting the length variation of each connection tool. 25. The method of claim 23, wherein the wire rope winding means and the chain of solar cell panel mounting frames to be installed selectively according to the structure for mounting solar cell panel frames. 26. The method of claim 23, wherein the rails to be constructed by selectively connecting rails among the form of a straight line, curved line, and tiered type according to the structure and direction of the said solar cell panel. 27. The method of claim 23, further comprising a separate steel structure on the top of the rails for attaching on the top of the mountain slope in order to support the weight of the rails attached with solar cell panels. 28. The method of claim 23, wherein the variation of gradient and slope of a solar cell panel to be adjusted to selected direction with the connection tool by using bolts and nuts to connect between solar cell panels and rails without separately constructing a frame for each solar cell panel. | This invention is related to the method and system apparatus for installing large scale solar cell panels on mountain slopes. More specifically, because the existing method of installing solar cell modules above ground requires a broad land area and has the problem of the impossibility of constructing solar photovoltaic power stations that can replace nuclear power plants in a nation with limited land area, this invention is providing the effective method of constructing large scale photovoltaic power generation station and application system apparatus therein that increases the land-use efficiency by providing the system apparatus and method for tiered installation of several solar cell panels in top-to-bottom vertical direction using abandoned mountain slopes. In addition, this invention provides technology that improves the lifespan of photovoltaic power generation system semi-permanently by panel replacement and simple maintenance of panels by hoisting up or down with a motor winch through rails for installation and disassembling of the system thereof. Thus, this invention provides the most economic solution to build a solar power station utilizing mountain slop, safe against strong wind by connecting 4 axes of panels with rails, and that improves the sunlight collection efficiency based on arbitrary variation of reflecting plane of each frame by 360 degrees with a length variable connection tool between each corner of solar cell panel frames and rails.1-14. (canceled) 15. A system apparatus for installing solar cell panels in top-to-bottom vertical direction, comprising;
(1) a plurality of rails being vertically installed on the south side of a tower-shaped steel structure, (2) a wire rope winding means that is constructed between the upper part and lower part between the said rails, (3) a chain of solar cell panel mounting frames connecting the upper part and lower parts of a plurality of the solar cell panel mounting frames in a vertical direction, (4) a system apparatus for mounting the chain of solar cell panel mounting frames with a composition of varying gradient and slope of each frame toward a selected direction around 360 degrees with a connection tool to connect the solar cell panel mounting frames and the rails with bolts and nuts after hoisting up the chain of solar cell panel mounting frames with the wire rope winding means in connection with rails between the said rails. 16. The system apparatus of claim 15, wherein the connection tool is constructed to adjust the length between the rails and each solar cell panel mounting frame from selective side from 4 sides (up, down, left, right) of the solar cell panel mounting frame and whereby the gradient and slope of each frame can be adjusted by the length of the connection tools of each side selectively. 17. The system apparatus of claim 15, further comprising a ladder between the rails that mounted with the chain of solar cell panel mounting frames to enable easy access for maintenance and installation of the system thereof. 18. The system apparatus of claim 15, wherein the wire rope winding means comprising a wire rope with steel chain connecting steel loops in order or a rope. 19. A system apparatus for mounting of solar cell panels on mountain slopes, comprising;
(1) a plurality of rails installed vertically between the top and lower parts of a mountain slope in relation to the south side of a mountain slope, (2) a wire rope winding means constructed between the upper and lower parts between the said rails, (3) a chain of solar cell panel mounting frames that connects the upper and lower parts of a plurality of solar cell panel mounting frames as a detachable type in a vertical direction, (4) a system apparatus for mounting the chain of solar cell panel mounting frames with a composition of varying gradient and slope of each frame toward a selected direction with a connection tool to connect the solar cell panel mounting frames and the rails with bolts and nuts after hoisting up the chain of solar cell panel mounting frames with the wire rope winding means in connection with rails between the said rails. 20. The system apparatus of claim 19, wherein the connection tool is comprising selectively from motorized and hydrodynamic type to vary the slope and gradient of a solar cell panel toward a selected direction of 360 degrees by remote control. 21. The system apparatus of claim 19, further comprising a ladder between the rails that mounting the chain of solar cell panel mounting frames to enable easy access for maintenance and the rails to be selectively connected in the form of a straight line, curved line, or tiered type according to the topography of the mountain slope. 22. The system apparatus of claim 19, further installing the rails in vertical direction after installing a plurality of horizontal rails on bedrock or a separate structure according to the mountain slope topography. 23. A method for installing solar cell panels, comprising the steps of;
(1) constructing a plurality of rails vertically on the south side of a structure for mounting a plurality of solar cell panel mounting frames, (2) constructing a wire rope winding means between the upper and lower parts between the rails for installing a plurality of solar cell panel mounting frames, (3) constructing a chain of a plurality of solar cell panel mounting frame that connects the upper and lower parts of each solar cell panel mounting frame together, and (4) connecting the solar cell panel mounting frames and rails with bolts and nuts after hoisting up the chain of the said solar cell panel mounting frames with the wire rope winding means in connection with rails between the said rails, changing the gradient and slope of each panel with a connection tool and variably install in a selected direction, and disassembling by hoisting down the chain of a plurality of solar cell panel mounting frames for maintenance if needed. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the rails comprising selectively L-shaped, ⊥ shaped, and U shaped section steel, perforating connection holes on the side of the rails for bolts and nuts connection, and adjusting a gradient and slope of solar cell panel in a selected direction by adjusting the length variation of each connection tool. 25. The method of claim 23, wherein the wire rope winding means and the chain of solar cell panel mounting frames to be installed selectively according to the structure for mounting solar cell panel frames. 26. The method of claim 23, wherein the rails to be constructed by selectively connecting rails among the form of a straight line, curved line, and tiered type according to the structure and direction of the said solar cell panel. 27. The method of claim 23, further comprising a separate steel structure on the top of the rails for attaching on the top of the mountain slope in order to support the weight of the rails attached with solar cell panels. 28. The method of claim 23, wherein the variation of gradient and slope of a solar cell panel to be adjusted to selected direction with the connection tool by using bolts and nuts to connect between solar cell panels and rails without separately constructing a frame for each solar cell panel. | 1,700 |
342,779 | 16,642,489 | 1,743 | Described herein is a process for preparing a foam (FA) with a Poisson's ratio in the range of from −0.5 to 0.3, the method including the steps of providing a foam (F1) with a flow resistance in the range of from 3000 to 8000 Pas/m, determined according to DIN EN 29053, and subjecting the foam (F1) to thermoforming including triaxial compression, wherein the foam (F1) is not reticulated prior to step (ii). Also described herein is the foam obtained or obtainable according to the process and the use of the foam as, for example, an energy absorbing device, preferably in protective gear, furniture, cushions, in cleaning devices with improved rinse-out behavior, in shoe soles, or as sealing, insulating or anchorage providing material for example used in earphones, ear plugs or dowels, or as acoustic material. | 1. A process for preparing a foam (FA) with a Poisson's ratio in the range of from −0.8 to 0.3, the method comprising the steps (i) and (ii):
(i) providing a foam (F1) with a flow resistance in the range of from 3000 to 8000 Pas/m2, determined according to DIN EN 29053, and
(ii) subjecting the foam (F1) to thermoforming comprising triaxial compression,
wherein the foam (F1) is not reticulated prior to step (ii). 2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the thermoforming is carried out with a linear compression ratio (LCR) in all three directions in the range of from 0.33 to 0.9. 3. The process according to claim 1, wherein step (ii) comprises at least one compression step (C1) at a temperature (T1) and at least one demolding step (D). 4. The process according to claim 1, wherein the foam (F1) is a foam based on melamine and formaldehyde with a density in the range of from 3 to 20 g/l. 5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the foam (F1) is a foam based on melamine and formaldehyde in a ratio in the range of from 1:1 to 1:3. 6. The process according to claim 1, wherein the thermoforming is carried out at a temperature in the range of from 120 to 260° C. 7. The process according to claim 1, wherein the foam (F1) is a polyurethane foam with a density in the range of from 10 to 150 g/l. 8. The process according to claim 1, wherein the foam (F1) is a polyurethane foam with a water absorptivity of more than 130%. 9. The process according to claim 6, wherein the thermoforming is carried out at a temperature range of from 120 to 240° C. 10. A foam obtained or obtainable according to a process according to claim 1. 11. The foam according to claim 10, wherein the Poisson's ratio of the foam is in the range of from −0.4 to 0. 12. A method of using a foam according to claim 10, the method comprising using the foam as energy absorbing device, as sealing, insulating or anchorage providing material, or as acoustic material. | Described herein is a process for preparing a foam (FA) with a Poisson's ratio in the range of from −0.5 to 0.3, the method including the steps of providing a foam (F1) with a flow resistance in the range of from 3000 to 8000 Pas/m, determined according to DIN EN 29053, and subjecting the foam (F1) to thermoforming including triaxial compression, wherein the foam (F1) is not reticulated prior to step (ii). Also described herein is the foam obtained or obtainable according to the process and the use of the foam as, for example, an energy absorbing device, preferably in protective gear, furniture, cushions, in cleaning devices with improved rinse-out behavior, in shoe soles, or as sealing, insulating or anchorage providing material for example used in earphones, ear plugs or dowels, or as acoustic material.1. A process for preparing a foam (FA) with a Poisson's ratio in the range of from −0.8 to 0.3, the method comprising the steps (i) and (ii):
(i) providing a foam (F1) with a flow resistance in the range of from 3000 to 8000 Pas/m2, determined according to DIN EN 29053, and
(ii) subjecting the foam (F1) to thermoforming comprising triaxial compression,
wherein the foam (F1) is not reticulated prior to step (ii). 2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the thermoforming is carried out with a linear compression ratio (LCR) in all three directions in the range of from 0.33 to 0.9. 3. The process according to claim 1, wherein step (ii) comprises at least one compression step (C1) at a temperature (T1) and at least one demolding step (D). 4. The process according to claim 1, wherein the foam (F1) is a foam based on melamine and formaldehyde with a density in the range of from 3 to 20 g/l. 5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the foam (F1) is a foam based on melamine and formaldehyde in a ratio in the range of from 1:1 to 1:3. 6. The process according to claim 1, wherein the thermoforming is carried out at a temperature in the range of from 120 to 260° C. 7. The process according to claim 1, wherein the foam (F1) is a polyurethane foam with a density in the range of from 10 to 150 g/l. 8. The process according to claim 1, wherein the foam (F1) is a polyurethane foam with a water absorptivity of more than 130%. 9. The process according to claim 6, wherein the thermoforming is carried out at a temperature range of from 120 to 240° C. 10. A foam obtained or obtainable according to a process according to claim 1. 11. The foam according to claim 10, wherein the Poisson's ratio of the foam is in the range of from −0.4 to 0. 12. A method of using a foam according to claim 10, the method comprising using the foam as energy absorbing device, as sealing, insulating or anchorage providing material, or as acoustic material. | 1,700 |
342,780 | 16,642,508 | 1,743 | A device for electropolishing an energy storage device having at least one lithium-ion cell comprises at least one actuatable first switch which is connected in series to a capacitor and an electrical resistor for current limitation parallel to at least one lithium ion cell, wherein an apparatus for discharging the capacitor is connected in parallel at least to the capacitor (C). The invention further relates to a charger and to a method for operating the charger. | 1. A device for electropolishing an energy storage unit having at least one lithium-ion cell, the device comprising:
at least one actuatable first switch that is connected in series with a capacitor, and an electrical resistor for current limitation connected in parallel to the at least one lithium-ion cell, an apparatus for discharging the capacitor connected in parallel at least to the capacitor, and a control unit that is configured to control the at least one switch in order to carry out a pulse discharge for electropolishing the lithium-ion cell and/or the energy storage unit in such a way that lithium nucleation seeds, dendrites, and/or crystals are broken down by the pulse discharge. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus has an actuatable second switch and a consumer for using the energy stored by the capacitor. 3. The device according to claim 2, wherein the consumer has an electrical resistor for converting the energy stored by the capacitor into heat. 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus has at least one freewheeling diode. 5. The device according to claim 4, wherein the apparatus has only the freewheeling diode and the electrical resistor connected in series. 6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus has a controllable electrical energy converter. 7. The device according to claim 6, wherein the energy converter is designed as a direct current converter. 8. The device according to claim 6, wherein the energy converter with its secondary side is connected to at least one lithium-ion cell in order to feed discharge energy of the capacitor back into the lithium-ion cell. 9. The device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured in to control the at least one switch and/or an electrical energy converter in order to carry out the pulse discharge for electropolishing. 10. A charger for electrically charging an energy store having multiple lithium-ion cells, comprising a device according to claim 1 for at least one of the lithium-ion cells. 11. A method for operating the charger according to claim 10, comprising, during the charging operation of an energy storage unit by means of the charger, carrying out a pulse discharge of at least one lithium-ion cell of the energy store by at least one device that is associated with the energy storage unit, in such a way that lithium nucleation seeds, dendrites, and/or crystals are broken down by the pulse discharge. | A device for electropolishing an energy storage device having at least one lithium-ion cell comprises at least one actuatable first switch which is connected in series to a capacitor and an electrical resistor for current limitation parallel to at least one lithium ion cell, wherein an apparatus for discharging the capacitor is connected in parallel at least to the capacitor (C). The invention further relates to a charger and to a method for operating the charger.1. A device for electropolishing an energy storage unit having at least one lithium-ion cell, the device comprising:
at least one actuatable first switch that is connected in series with a capacitor, and an electrical resistor for current limitation connected in parallel to the at least one lithium-ion cell, an apparatus for discharging the capacitor connected in parallel at least to the capacitor, and a control unit that is configured to control the at least one switch in order to carry out a pulse discharge for electropolishing the lithium-ion cell and/or the energy storage unit in such a way that lithium nucleation seeds, dendrites, and/or crystals are broken down by the pulse discharge. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus has an actuatable second switch and a consumer for using the energy stored by the capacitor. 3. The device according to claim 2, wherein the consumer has an electrical resistor for converting the energy stored by the capacitor into heat. 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus has at least one freewheeling diode. 5. The device according to claim 4, wherein the apparatus has only the freewheeling diode and the electrical resistor connected in series. 6. The device according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus has a controllable electrical energy converter. 7. The device according to claim 6, wherein the energy converter is designed as a direct current converter. 8. The device according to claim 6, wherein the energy converter with its secondary side is connected to at least one lithium-ion cell in order to feed discharge energy of the capacitor back into the lithium-ion cell. 9. The device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured in to control the at least one switch and/or an electrical energy converter in order to carry out the pulse discharge for electropolishing. 10. A charger for electrically charging an energy store having multiple lithium-ion cells, comprising a device according to claim 1 for at least one of the lithium-ion cells. 11. A method for operating the charger according to claim 10, comprising, during the charging operation of an energy storage unit by means of the charger, carrying out a pulse discharge of at least one lithium-ion cell of the energy store by at least one device that is associated with the energy storage unit, in such a way that lithium nucleation seeds, dendrites, and/or crystals are broken down by the pulse discharge. | 1,700 |
342,781 | 16,642,496 | 1,743 | Provided herein are novel barbituric acid derivatives, their synthesis and use thereof in blocking leukocyte transmigration. The novel barbituric acid derivatives are useful for the treatment of disorders associated with leukocyte transmigration, such as for example inflammatory diseases and disorders, autoimmune diseases and disorders, and cancers. | 1. A compound of general Formula (Ib): 2. (canceled) 3. (canceled) 4. The compound of claim 1, wherein one or several, preferably one or two, Z are present on one ring and are absent on the other ring. 5. The compound of claim 1, wherein one or several, preferably one or two, Z are present on both rings. 6. The compound of claim 1, wherein one or several, preferably one or two, Z are present on the phenyl ring connected to the barbituric moiety and Z is absent on the other ring. 7. The compound of claim 1, wherein at least two, preferably two, Z are present. 8. The compound of claim 1, wherein at least two, preferably two, Z are present on the same phenyl ring. 9. The compound of claim 1, wherein each Z is independently selected from unsubstituted linear alkyl or unsubstituted branched alkyl. 10. The compound of claim 9, wherein each Z is independently selected from unsubstituted linear alkyl or unsubstituted branched alkyl, having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (C1-6alkyl), preferably having 1, 2, 3, or 4 carbon atoms (C1-4alkyl). 11. (canceled) 12. (canceled) 13. (canceled) 14. (canceled) 15. The compound of claim 1, wherein, R5 is substituted with one, two, or three substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, nitro, cyano and amino. 16. (canceled) 17. (canceled) 18. The compound of claim 1, wherein the carboxylic group —CO(═O)R5 is present at the para position to the linking group —O—CH2—. 19. The compound of claim 1, wherein the carboxylic group —CO(═O)R5 is present at the meta position to the linking group —O—CH2—. 20. The compound of claim 1, wherein the carboxylic group —CO(═O)R5 is present at the ortho position to the linking group —O—CH2—. 21. The compound of claim 1, wherein the bonds to the barbituric acid moiety and to the linking group —O—CH2— are located para to each other. 22. The compound of claim 1, wherein the bonds to the barbituric acid moiety and to the linking group —O—CH2— are located meta to each other. 23. The compound of claim 1, wherein the bonds to the barbituric acid moiety and to the linking group —O—CH2— are located ortho to each other. 24. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is of Formula 2: 25. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is of Formula 9: 26. A method of treating a disease or condition in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of claim 1. 27. (canceled) 28. A compound of Formula 10: 29. (canceled) 30. A pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more of compounds of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and/or diluent. 31. (canceled) 32. (canceled) | Provided herein are novel barbituric acid derivatives, their synthesis and use thereof in blocking leukocyte transmigration. The novel barbituric acid derivatives are useful for the treatment of disorders associated with leukocyte transmigration, such as for example inflammatory diseases and disorders, autoimmune diseases and disorders, and cancers.1. A compound of general Formula (Ib): 2. (canceled) 3. (canceled) 4. The compound of claim 1, wherein one or several, preferably one or two, Z are present on one ring and are absent on the other ring. 5. The compound of claim 1, wherein one or several, preferably one or two, Z are present on both rings. 6. The compound of claim 1, wherein one or several, preferably one or two, Z are present on the phenyl ring connected to the barbituric moiety and Z is absent on the other ring. 7. The compound of claim 1, wherein at least two, preferably two, Z are present. 8. The compound of claim 1, wherein at least two, preferably two, Z are present on the same phenyl ring. 9. The compound of claim 1, wherein each Z is independently selected from unsubstituted linear alkyl or unsubstituted branched alkyl. 10. The compound of claim 9, wherein each Z is independently selected from unsubstituted linear alkyl or unsubstituted branched alkyl, having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (C1-6alkyl), preferably having 1, 2, 3, or 4 carbon atoms (C1-4alkyl). 11. (canceled) 12. (canceled) 13. (canceled) 14. (canceled) 15. The compound of claim 1, wherein, R5 is substituted with one, two, or three substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, nitro, cyano and amino. 16. (canceled) 17. (canceled) 18. The compound of claim 1, wherein the carboxylic group —CO(═O)R5 is present at the para position to the linking group —O—CH2—. 19. The compound of claim 1, wherein the carboxylic group —CO(═O)R5 is present at the meta position to the linking group —O—CH2—. 20. The compound of claim 1, wherein the carboxylic group —CO(═O)R5 is present at the ortho position to the linking group —O—CH2—. 21. The compound of claim 1, wherein the bonds to the barbituric acid moiety and to the linking group —O—CH2— are located para to each other. 22. The compound of claim 1, wherein the bonds to the barbituric acid moiety and to the linking group —O—CH2— are located meta to each other. 23. The compound of claim 1, wherein the bonds to the barbituric acid moiety and to the linking group —O—CH2— are located ortho to each other. 24. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is of Formula 2: 25. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is of Formula 9: 26. A method of treating a disease or condition in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of claim 1. 27. (canceled) 28. A compound of Formula 10: 29. (canceled) 30. A pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more of compounds of claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and/or diluent. 31. (canceled) 32. (canceled) | 1,700 |
342,782 | 16,642,500 | 1,743 | A lamp post comprising a support pole; a light module supported by the support pole, said light module comprising a light source; an antenna module supported by the support pole; said antenna module comprising an antenna configured for receiving and emitting cellular data; and a base station module; wherein the base station module comprises a housing and base station circuitry mounted in said housing; wherein the base station circuitry is coupled to the antenna; wherein the base station module is attached to an external surface of the support pole and carried by the support pole. | 1. A lamp post comprising:
a support pole; a light module supported by the support pole, said light module comprising a light source; an antenna module supported by the support pole, said antenna module comprising an antenna configured for receiving and emitting cellular data; and a base station module, wherein the base station module comprises a housing and base station circuitry mounted in said housing, wherein the base station circuitry is coupled to the antenna, and wherein the base station module is attached to an external surface of the support pole and carried by the support pole. 2. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the support pole is fixed in the ground and the housing of the base station module is at a distance above the ground. 3. (canceled) 4. (canceled) 5. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the support pole is hollow, wherein the support pole is provided with a removable door providing access to an inner part of said support pole, and wherein said door is arranged substantially opposite to the base station module. 6. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the housing of the base station module covers a surface area of the support pole, wherein the support pole is provided in said surface area with a first hole and a second hole positioned above the first hole seen in an axial direction of the support pole, and wherein the lamp post comprises a connection cable from the antenna through an inner part of the support pole, through the second hole to the base station circuitry, and a power connection cable passing from a lower end of the support pole through the first hole to feed the base station circuitry. 7. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the housing of the base station module has a first width extending in a first direction perpendicular to an axial direction of the support pole, said first width being inferior to an external diameter of the support pole. 8. The lamp post of claim 7, wherein the housing of the base station module has a second width extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first width and to the axial direction of the support pole, said second width being at least twice the external diameter of the support pole. 9. (canceled) 10. (canceled) 11. (canceled) 12. (canceled) 13. (canceled) 14. (canceled) 15. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the housing of the base station module has an inclined upper surface sloping downward away from the support pole, and wherein a human interface device comprising a display, a charger, a sensor, or a button is integrated in the upper surface. 16. (canceled) 17. A lamp post comprising:
a support pole; a light module supported by the support pole, said light module comprising a light source, and a functional module, wherein the functional module comprises a housing and functional circuitry mounted in said housing, wherein the functional module is carried by the support pole, and wherein said housing comprises a ribbed frame, a fixing means for fixing the ribbed frame against the external surface of the support pole, and one or more panels attached to the ribbed frame, so as to enclose the ribbed frame. 18. The lamp post of claim 17, wherein the support pole is fixed in the ground and the housing of the functional module is at a distance of the ground. 19. The lamp post of claim 17, wherein the ribbed frame is attached to the support pole at a first and second position being at a distance of each other seen in an axial direction of the support pole. 20. The lamp post of claim 17, wherein the support pole is hollow, wherein the support pole is provided with a removable door providing access to an inner part of said support pole, and wherein said door is arranged substantially opposite to the functional module. 21. The lamp post of claim 17, wherein the housing of the functional module has a first width extending in a first direction perpendicular to an axial direction of the support pole, said first width being inferior to an external diameter of the support pole. 22. (canceled) 23. The lamp post of claim 17, wherein the housing of the functional module has an inclined upper surface sloping downward away from the support pole, and wherein a human interface device is integrated in the upper surface. 24. (canceled) 25. The lamp post of claim 17, wherein a peripheral wall of the housing comprises at least two side doors for providing access to an internal space of the housing. 26. The lamp post of claim 25, wherein one or each of the side doors is provided with a three-point locking device. 27. The lamp post of claim 25, wherein the housing is provided with at least one separation wall dividing the internal space of the housing into at least two compartments, and wherein the at least two compartments are accessible by the at least two side doors. 28. (canceled) 29. (canceled) 30. (canceled) 31. (canceled) 32. (canceled) 33. The lamp post of claim 17, wherein the housing comprises a bottom wall configured to be floating, a top wall, and a peripheral wall between the bottom and top wall, said housing covering or surrounding a portion of the support pole, wherein the bottom wall is provided with one or more lower air flow holes, and wherein at least one of the peripheral wall or said portion of the support pole is provided with one or more upper air flow holes. 34. A lamp post comprising:
a support pole; a light module supported by the support pole, said light module comprising a light source; and a first antenna module and a second antenna module which are arranged one above the other seen in an axial direction of the support pole and which are supported by the support pole, said first antenna module comprising a first housing and a first directional antenna arranged in said first housing and configured for receiving and emitting cellular data, said second antenna module comprising a second housing and a second directional antenna arranged in said second housing and configured for receiving and emitting cellular data, said first and second antenna modules being rotatable around the axial direction of the support pole, such that said first and second antenna modules are orientable for orienting the directionality of the receiving and emitting of the first directional antenna and the second directional antenna. 35. The lamp post of claim 34, wherein the light module, the first antenna module, and the second antenna module are arranged in variable order one above another, aligned with the support pole. 36. The lamp post of claim 34, wherein the first and second housing each comprises a central portion including a passage for cables and wires, a first cover portion, and a second cover portion, said first and second cover portions surrounding the central portion, wherein at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna is arranged between the first cover portion and the central portion. 37. (canceled) 38. (canceled) 39. (canceled) 40. (canceled) 41. (canceled) 42. (canceled) 43. (canceled) 44. (canceled) 45. (canceled) 46. (canceled) | A lamp post comprising a support pole; a light module supported by the support pole, said light module comprising a light source; an antenna module supported by the support pole; said antenna module comprising an antenna configured for receiving and emitting cellular data; and a base station module; wherein the base station module comprises a housing and base station circuitry mounted in said housing; wherein the base station circuitry is coupled to the antenna; wherein the base station module is attached to an external surface of the support pole and carried by the support pole.1. A lamp post comprising:
a support pole; a light module supported by the support pole, said light module comprising a light source; an antenna module supported by the support pole, said antenna module comprising an antenna configured for receiving and emitting cellular data; and a base station module, wherein the base station module comprises a housing and base station circuitry mounted in said housing, wherein the base station circuitry is coupled to the antenna, and wherein the base station module is attached to an external surface of the support pole and carried by the support pole. 2. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the support pole is fixed in the ground and the housing of the base station module is at a distance above the ground. 3. (canceled) 4. (canceled) 5. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the support pole is hollow, wherein the support pole is provided with a removable door providing access to an inner part of said support pole, and wherein said door is arranged substantially opposite to the base station module. 6. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the housing of the base station module covers a surface area of the support pole, wherein the support pole is provided in said surface area with a first hole and a second hole positioned above the first hole seen in an axial direction of the support pole, and wherein the lamp post comprises a connection cable from the antenna through an inner part of the support pole, through the second hole to the base station circuitry, and a power connection cable passing from a lower end of the support pole through the first hole to feed the base station circuitry. 7. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the housing of the base station module has a first width extending in a first direction perpendicular to an axial direction of the support pole, said first width being inferior to an external diameter of the support pole. 8. The lamp post of claim 7, wherein the housing of the base station module has a second width extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first width and to the axial direction of the support pole, said second width being at least twice the external diameter of the support pole. 9. (canceled) 10. (canceled) 11. (canceled) 12. (canceled) 13. (canceled) 14. (canceled) 15. The lamp post of claim 1, wherein the housing of the base station module has an inclined upper surface sloping downward away from the support pole, and wherein a human interface device comprising a display, a charger, a sensor, or a button is integrated in the upper surface. 16. (canceled) 17. A lamp post comprising:
a support pole; a light module supported by the support pole, said light module comprising a light source, and a functional module, wherein the functional module comprises a housing and functional circuitry mounted in said housing, wherein the functional module is carried by the support pole, and wherein said housing comprises a ribbed frame, a fixing means for fixing the ribbed frame against the external surface of the support pole, and one or more panels attached to the ribbed frame, so as to enclose the ribbed frame. 18. The lamp post of claim 17, wherein the support pole is fixed in the ground and the housing of the functional module is at a distance of the ground. 19. The lamp post of claim 17, wherein the ribbed frame is attached to the support pole at a first and second position being at a distance of each other seen in an axial direction of the support pole. 20. The lamp post of claim 17, wherein the support pole is hollow, wherein the support pole is provided with a removable door providing access to an inner part of said support pole, and wherein said door is arranged substantially opposite to the functional module. 21. The lamp post of claim 17, wherein the housing of the functional module has a first width extending in a first direction perpendicular to an axial direction of the support pole, said first width being inferior to an external diameter of the support pole. 22. (canceled) 23. The lamp post of claim 17, wherein the housing of the functional module has an inclined upper surface sloping downward away from the support pole, and wherein a human interface device is integrated in the upper surface. 24. (canceled) 25. The lamp post of claim 17, wherein a peripheral wall of the housing comprises at least two side doors for providing access to an internal space of the housing. 26. The lamp post of claim 25, wherein one or each of the side doors is provided with a three-point locking device. 27. The lamp post of claim 25, wherein the housing is provided with at least one separation wall dividing the internal space of the housing into at least two compartments, and wherein the at least two compartments are accessible by the at least two side doors. 28. (canceled) 29. (canceled) 30. (canceled) 31. (canceled) 32. (canceled) 33. The lamp post of claim 17, wherein the housing comprises a bottom wall configured to be floating, a top wall, and a peripheral wall between the bottom and top wall, said housing covering or surrounding a portion of the support pole, wherein the bottom wall is provided with one or more lower air flow holes, and wherein at least one of the peripheral wall or said portion of the support pole is provided with one or more upper air flow holes. 34. A lamp post comprising:
a support pole; a light module supported by the support pole, said light module comprising a light source; and a first antenna module and a second antenna module which are arranged one above the other seen in an axial direction of the support pole and which are supported by the support pole, said first antenna module comprising a first housing and a first directional antenna arranged in said first housing and configured for receiving and emitting cellular data, said second antenna module comprising a second housing and a second directional antenna arranged in said second housing and configured for receiving and emitting cellular data, said first and second antenna modules being rotatable around the axial direction of the support pole, such that said first and second antenna modules are orientable for orienting the directionality of the receiving and emitting of the first directional antenna and the second directional antenna. 35. The lamp post of claim 34, wherein the light module, the first antenna module, and the second antenna module are arranged in variable order one above another, aligned with the support pole. 36. The lamp post of claim 34, wherein the first and second housing each comprises a central portion including a passage for cables and wires, a first cover portion, and a second cover portion, said first and second cover portions surrounding the central portion, wherein at least one of the first antenna or the second antenna is arranged between the first cover portion and the central portion. 37. (canceled) 38. (canceled) 39. (canceled) 40. (canceled) 41. (canceled) 42. (canceled) 43. (canceled) 44. (canceled) 45. (canceled) 46. (canceled) | 1,700 |
342,783 | 16,642,501 | 1,735 | A void having a side peripheral surface and a bottom part is machined in a rotationally symmetrical shape spanning the end surface of a first steel member and the end surface of a second steel member; in a state in which a pressing force is applied to a contact area between the tip part of a joining metal and the bottom part of the void, the joining metal is rotated around a rotation axis and friction is created; the material structure around a rotational friction surface is joined using friction heat caused by the friction and molten metal is generated; a gap between a side peripheral surface of the joining metal and the side peripheral surface of the void is filled with the liquefied molten metal; and the first steel member and the second steel member are joined via the joining metal through integration with the structure near the gap. | 1-20. (canceled) 21. A joining method for joining a first steel member and a second steel member through a joining metal, said method based on rotational friction, said method comprising:
positioning said first steel member and said second steel member at neighboring positions with an end surface of said first steel member and an end surface of said second steel member opposing each other; manufacturing a void which straddles the end surface of said first steel member and the end surface of said second steel member, said void having a rotational axis, said void also having a side peripheral surface and having a bottom and a rotationally symmetrical shape; inserting the joining metal into said void, said joining metal having a rotationally symmetrical body; generating friction by rotating said joining metal around said rotational axis with a contact portion between a tip of said joining metal and said bottom of said void under a pressing force; generating molten metal near said contact portion by utilizing frictional heat from said friction; filling said molten metal into a gap between said peripheral surface of said joining metal and said peripheral surface of said void by utilizing said pressing force and rotational motion generated at the tip of said joining metal; and subsequently stopping said rotational motion, thus allowing said molten metal to become solidified and be integrated with the steel members near said gap, thus joining said first steel member and said second steel member. 22. The method of claim 11, wherein said bottom of said void is formed as a bottomed void inside the first steel member or the second steel member or both. 23. The method of claim 21, wherein said bottom of said void is formed at least in part by attaching a backplate at a back surface of at least one steel member to partially shut said void. 24. The method of claim 21, wherein the method completes a first joining by inserting and rotating said joining metal into said void, and wherein the method further comprises joining said first steel member and said second steel member by performing the following procedure one or more times:
forming an additional void which continues or overlaps a prior void location; and completing an additional joining by inserting and rotating an additional joining metal into said additional void. 25. The method of claim 21, comprising:
positioning the end surface of said first steel member and the end surface of said second steel member in opposition to each other; and manufacturing the void straddling the end surface of said first steel member and the end surface of said second steel member, said void manufactured such that said rotational axis of said void is inside said end surface, and is directed to a thickness direction of a steel member cross section, which is a short side direction of said end surface. 26. The method of claim 21, comprising:
positioning the end surface of said first steel member and the end surface of said second steel member in opposition to each other; and manufacturing the void straddling the end surface of said first steel member and the end surface of said second steel member, said void manufactured such that said rotational axis of said void is inside said end surface, and is directed to a width direction of a steel member cross section, which is a long side direction of said end surface. 27. The method of claim 21, wherein said void has a cylindrical shape and said joining metal has a roughly cylindrical body. 28. The method of claim 21, wherein said joining metal has a volume that is not smaller than a volume of said void prior to said stopping. 29. The method of claim 21, wherein said joining metal has a taper portion at the end portion of said joining metal. 30. The method of claim 21, wherein said side peripheral surface of said joining metal has unevenness prior to said stopping. 31. The method of claim 30, wherein said unevenness on said side peripheral surface of said joining metal includes an edge and a side of a cross sectional polygon of said joining metal. 32. The method of claim 30, wherein said unevenness on said side peripheral surface of said joining metal includes a cross direction screw running toward a tip end from a base end of said joining metal. 33. The method of claim 21, wherein an end portion of said joining metal has a flange covering a surface side of said void. 34. The method of claim 21, wherein a joining metal rotation number is 1000 to 12000 rpm at and after a time of insertion of said joining metal into said void. 35. The method of claim 21, wherein a tensile strength of said joining metal is higher than both a tensile strength of material of said first steel member and a tensile strength of material of said second steel member. 36. The method of claim 21, wherein a liquidus temperature of said joining metal is lower than either of a liquidus temperature of material of said first steel member and a liquidus temperature of material of said second steel member. 37. The method of claim 36, wherein a high strength Al alloy is employed as a metal of low liquidus temperature for said joining metal. 38. A joining method for joining a first steel member and a second steel member through a joining metal, said method based on rotational friction, said method comprising:
positioning said first steel member and said second steel member at neighboring positions with a back surface of said first steel member and a front surface of said second steel member opposing each other; manufacturing a void which has a side peripheral surface and a bottom and a rotationally symmetrical shape in line with a straight line running through a back surface of said first steel member and a front surface of said second steel member, said void having a rotational axis; inserting the joining metal into said void, said joining metal having a rotationally symmetrical body; generating friction by rotating said joining metal around said rotational axis with a contact portion between a tip of said joining metal and said bottom of said void under a pressing force; generating molten metal near said contact portion by utilizing frictional heat from said friction; filling said molten metal into a gap between said peripheral surface of said joining metal and said peripheral surface of said void by utilizing said pressing force and rotational motion generated at the tip of said joining metal; and subsequently stopping said rotational motion, thus allowing said molten metal to become solidified and be integrated with the steel members near said gap, thus joining said first steel member and said second steel member. 39. A joint structure of steel members joined by rotational friction, wherein said steel members are joined by a method comprising the following:
positioning a first steel member and a second steel member at neighboring positions with a surface of said first steel member and a surface of said second steel member opposing each other; manufacturing a void which has a side peripheral surface and a bottom and a rotationally symmetrical shape, said void having a rotational axis; inserting the joining metal into said void, said joining metal having a rotationally symmetrical body; generating friction by rotating said joining metal around said rotational axis with a contact portion between a tip of said joining metal and said bottom of said void under a pressing force; generating molten metal near said contact portion by utilizing frictional heat from said friction; filling said molten metal into a gap between said peripheral surface of said joining metal and said peripheral surface of said void by utilizing said pressing force and rotational motion generated at the tip of said joining metal; and subsequently stopping said rotational motion, thus allowing said molten metal to become solidified and joining said first steel member with said second steel member. 40. (canceled) 41. The joint structure of claim 39, wherein a tensile strength of said joining metal is higher than both a tensile strength of material of said first steel member and a tensile strength of material of said second steel member. | A void having a side peripheral surface and a bottom part is machined in a rotationally symmetrical shape spanning the end surface of a first steel member and the end surface of a second steel member; in a state in which a pressing force is applied to a contact area between the tip part of a joining metal and the bottom part of the void, the joining metal is rotated around a rotation axis and friction is created; the material structure around a rotational friction surface is joined using friction heat caused by the friction and molten metal is generated; a gap between a side peripheral surface of the joining metal and the side peripheral surface of the void is filled with the liquefied molten metal; and the first steel member and the second steel member are joined via the joining metal through integration with the structure near the gap.1-20. (canceled) 21. A joining method for joining a first steel member and a second steel member through a joining metal, said method based on rotational friction, said method comprising:
positioning said first steel member and said second steel member at neighboring positions with an end surface of said first steel member and an end surface of said second steel member opposing each other; manufacturing a void which straddles the end surface of said first steel member and the end surface of said second steel member, said void having a rotational axis, said void also having a side peripheral surface and having a bottom and a rotationally symmetrical shape; inserting the joining metal into said void, said joining metal having a rotationally symmetrical body; generating friction by rotating said joining metal around said rotational axis with a contact portion between a tip of said joining metal and said bottom of said void under a pressing force; generating molten metal near said contact portion by utilizing frictional heat from said friction; filling said molten metal into a gap between said peripheral surface of said joining metal and said peripheral surface of said void by utilizing said pressing force and rotational motion generated at the tip of said joining metal; and subsequently stopping said rotational motion, thus allowing said molten metal to become solidified and be integrated with the steel members near said gap, thus joining said first steel member and said second steel member. 22. The method of claim 11, wherein said bottom of said void is formed as a bottomed void inside the first steel member or the second steel member or both. 23. The method of claim 21, wherein said bottom of said void is formed at least in part by attaching a backplate at a back surface of at least one steel member to partially shut said void. 24. The method of claim 21, wherein the method completes a first joining by inserting and rotating said joining metal into said void, and wherein the method further comprises joining said first steel member and said second steel member by performing the following procedure one or more times:
forming an additional void which continues or overlaps a prior void location; and completing an additional joining by inserting and rotating an additional joining metal into said additional void. 25. The method of claim 21, comprising:
positioning the end surface of said first steel member and the end surface of said second steel member in opposition to each other; and manufacturing the void straddling the end surface of said first steel member and the end surface of said second steel member, said void manufactured such that said rotational axis of said void is inside said end surface, and is directed to a thickness direction of a steel member cross section, which is a short side direction of said end surface. 26. The method of claim 21, comprising:
positioning the end surface of said first steel member and the end surface of said second steel member in opposition to each other; and manufacturing the void straddling the end surface of said first steel member and the end surface of said second steel member, said void manufactured such that said rotational axis of said void is inside said end surface, and is directed to a width direction of a steel member cross section, which is a long side direction of said end surface. 27. The method of claim 21, wherein said void has a cylindrical shape and said joining metal has a roughly cylindrical body. 28. The method of claim 21, wherein said joining metal has a volume that is not smaller than a volume of said void prior to said stopping. 29. The method of claim 21, wherein said joining metal has a taper portion at the end portion of said joining metal. 30. The method of claim 21, wherein said side peripheral surface of said joining metal has unevenness prior to said stopping. 31. The method of claim 30, wherein said unevenness on said side peripheral surface of said joining metal includes an edge and a side of a cross sectional polygon of said joining metal. 32. The method of claim 30, wherein said unevenness on said side peripheral surface of said joining metal includes a cross direction screw running toward a tip end from a base end of said joining metal. 33. The method of claim 21, wherein an end portion of said joining metal has a flange covering a surface side of said void. 34. The method of claim 21, wherein a joining metal rotation number is 1000 to 12000 rpm at and after a time of insertion of said joining metal into said void. 35. The method of claim 21, wherein a tensile strength of said joining metal is higher than both a tensile strength of material of said first steel member and a tensile strength of material of said second steel member. 36. The method of claim 21, wherein a liquidus temperature of said joining metal is lower than either of a liquidus temperature of material of said first steel member and a liquidus temperature of material of said second steel member. 37. The method of claim 36, wherein a high strength Al alloy is employed as a metal of low liquidus temperature for said joining metal. 38. A joining method for joining a first steel member and a second steel member through a joining metal, said method based on rotational friction, said method comprising:
positioning said first steel member and said second steel member at neighboring positions with a back surface of said first steel member and a front surface of said second steel member opposing each other; manufacturing a void which has a side peripheral surface and a bottom and a rotationally symmetrical shape in line with a straight line running through a back surface of said first steel member and a front surface of said second steel member, said void having a rotational axis; inserting the joining metal into said void, said joining metal having a rotationally symmetrical body; generating friction by rotating said joining metal around said rotational axis with a contact portion between a tip of said joining metal and said bottom of said void under a pressing force; generating molten metal near said contact portion by utilizing frictional heat from said friction; filling said molten metal into a gap between said peripheral surface of said joining metal and said peripheral surface of said void by utilizing said pressing force and rotational motion generated at the tip of said joining metal; and subsequently stopping said rotational motion, thus allowing said molten metal to become solidified and be integrated with the steel members near said gap, thus joining said first steel member and said second steel member. 39. A joint structure of steel members joined by rotational friction, wherein said steel members are joined by a method comprising the following:
positioning a first steel member and a second steel member at neighboring positions with a surface of said first steel member and a surface of said second steel member opposing each other; manufacturing a void which has a side peripheral surface and a bottom and a rotationally symmetrical shape, said void having a rotational axis; inserting the joining metal into said void, said joining metal having a rotationally symmetrical body; generating friction by rotating said joining metal around said rotational axis with a contact portion between a tip of said joining metal and said bottom of said void under a pressing force; generating molten metal near said contact portion by utilizing frictional heat from said friction; filling said molten metal into a gap between said peripheral surface of said joining metal and said peripheral surface of said void by utilizing said pressing force and rotational motion generated at the tip of said joining metal; and subsequently stopping said rotational motion, thus allowing said molten metal to become solidified and joining said first steel member with said second steel member. 40. (canceled) 41. The joint structure of claim 39, wherein a tensile strength of said joining metal is higher than both a tensile strength of material of said first steel member and a tensile strength of material of said second steel member. | 1,700 |
342,784 | 16,642,520 | 1,735 | Technologies for enabling and metering the utilization of components on demand include a compute device. The compute device includes a network interface controller and circuitry configured to receive, through a network and with the network interface controller, a request to enable a component of a sled to assist in the execution of a workload. The circuitry is further configured to enable, in response to the request, the component to assist in the execution of the workload, and meter the utilization of the component by the workload to determine a total monetary cost to a customer associated with the workload for the utilization of the component. | 1-25. (canceled) 26. A compute device comprising:
a network interface controller; and circuitry to: receive, through a network and with the network interface controller, a request to enable a component of a sled to assist in the execution of a workload; enable, in response to the request, the component to assist in the execution of the workload; and meter the utilization of the component by the workload to determine a total monetary cost to a customer associated with the workload for the utilization of the component. 27. The compute device of claim 26, wherein the circuitry is further to send, to a compute sled assigned to execute the workload, a license key to include in one or more requests to the component to execute one or more operations. 28. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to enable the component comprises to send a request to the sled on which the component is located to provide power to the component. 29. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to receive a request to enable a component comprises to receive a request that includes data indicative of a type of component to enable and the circuity is further to identify, as a function of data included in the request, the component to enable. 30. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to receive a request to enable a component comprises to receive a request that includes utilization limit data indicative of a total amount of utilization requested, and wherein the circuitry is further to:
determine whether a present total cost of utilization of the component satisfies the utilization limit data; and disable, in response to a determination that the present total cost of utilization satisfies the utilization limit data, the component. 31. The compute device of claim 26, wherein the circuitry is further to:
receive a request from the workload to discontinue utilization of the component; and send, in response to the request to discontinue utilization, a request to the sled on which the component is located to no longer provide power to the component. 32. The compute device of claim 26, wherein the circuitry is further to:
determine whether to discontinue utilization, by the workload, of the component; and send, in response to a determination to discontinue utilization, a request to the sled on which the component is located to disable the component. 33. The compute device of claim 32, wherein the circuitry is further to send, to the sled on which the component is located, a replacement license key for use in verifying subsequent requests by a workload to perform one or more operations with the component. 34. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to enable the component comprises to enable an I/O virtualization logic unit. 35. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to enable the component comprises to enable a core of the compute sled. 36. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to enable the component comprises to enable an accelerator device. 37. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to enable the component comprises to enable a memory device. 38. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to enable the component comprises to enable a data storage device. 39. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to enable the component comprises to send a request to a provisioner compute device to send a message to the sled to enable the component. 40. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to receive the request to enable a component comprises to receive a request to enable a specified feature of a set of features supported by the component; and
wherein to enable the component comprises to enable the specified feature of the component. 41. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to meter the utilization of the component by the workload comprises to meter utilization of the component outside of a service-level agreement of the customer. 42. One or more machine-readable storage media comprising a plurality of instructions stored thereon that, in response to being executed, cause a compute device to:
receive, through a network, a request to enable a component of a sled to assist in the execution of a workload; enable, in response to the request, the component to assist in the execution of the workload; and meter the utilization of the component by the workload to determine a total monetary cost to a customer associated with the workload for the utilization of the component. 43. The one or more machine-readable storage media of claim 42, wherein the plurality of instructions further cause the compute device to send, to a compute sled assigned to execute the workload, a license key to include in one or more requests to the component to execute one or more operations. 44. The one or more machine-readable storage media of claim 42, wherein to enable the component comprises to send a request to the sled on which the component is located to provide power to the component. 45. The one or more machine-readable storage media of claim 42, wherein to receive a request to enable a component comprises to receive a request that includes data indicative of a type of component to enable and the plurality of instructions further cause the compute device to identify, as a function of data included in the request, the component to enable. 46. The one or more machine-readable storage media of claim 42, wherein to receive a request to enable a component comprises to receive a request that includes utilization limit data indicative of a total amount of utilization requested, and wherein the plurality of instructions further cause the compute device to:
determine whether a present total cost of utilization of the component satisfies the utilization limit data; and disable, in response to a determination that the present total cost of utilization satisfies the utilization limit data, the component. 47. A method comprising:
receiving, by a compute device and through a network, a request to enable a component of a sled to assist in the execution of a workload; enabling, by the compute device and in response to the request, the component to assist in the execution of the workload; and metering, by the compute device, the utilization of the component by the workload to determine a total monetary cost to a customer associated with the workload for the utilization of the component. 48. The method of claim 47, further comprising sending, by the compute device and to a compute sled assigned to execute the workload, a license key to include in one or more requests to the component to execute one or more operations. 49. The method of claim 47, wherein enabling the component comprises sending a request to the sled on which the component is located to provide power to the component. 50. The method of claim 47, wherein receiving a request to enable a component comprises receiving a request that includes data indicative of a type of component to enable, the method further comprising identifying, by the compute device and as a function of data included in the request, the component to enable. | Technologies for enabling and metering the utilization of components on demand include a compute device. The compute device includes a network interface controller and circuitry configured to receive, through a network and with the network interface controller, a request to enable a component of a sled to assist in the execution of a workload. The circuitry is further configured to enable, in response to the request, the component to assist in the execution of the workload, and meter the utilization of the component by the workload to determine a total monetary cost to a customer associated with the workload for the utilization of the component.1-25. (canceled) 26. A compute device comprising:
a network interface controller; and circuitry to: receive, through a network and with the network interface controller, a request to enable a component of a sled to assist in the execution of a workload; enable, in response to the request, the component to assist in the execution of the workload; and meter the utilization of the component by the workload to determine a total monetary cost to a customer associated with the workload for the utilization of the component. 27. The compute device of claim 26, wherein the circuitry is further to send, to a compute sled assigned to execute the workload, a license key to include in one or more requests to the component to execute one or more operations. 28. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to enable the component comprises to send a request to the sled on which the component is located to provide power to the component. 29. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to receive a request to enable a component comprises to receive a request that includes data indicative of a type of component to enable and the circuity is further to identify, as a function of data included in the request, the component to enable. 30. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to receive a request to enable a component comprises to receive a request that includes utilization limit data indicative of a total amount of utilization requested, and wherein the circuitry is further to:
determine whether a present total cost of utilization of the component satisfies the utilization limit data; and disable, in response to a determination that the present total cost of utilization satisfies the utilization limit data, the component. 31. The compute device of claim 26, wherein the circuitry is further to:
receive a request from the workload to discontinue utilization of the component; and send, in response to the request to discontinue utilization, a request to the sled on which the component is located to no longer provide power to the component. 32. The compute device of claim 26, wherein the circuitry is further to:
determine whether to discontinue utilization, by the workload, of the component; and send, in response to a determination to discontinue utilization, a request to the sled on which the component is located to disable the component. 33. The compute device of claim 32, wherein the circuitry is further to send, to the sled on which the component is located, a replacement license key for use in verifying subsequent requests by a workload to perform one or more operations with the component. 34. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to enable the component comprises to enable an I/O virtualization logic unit. 35. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to enable the component comprises to enable a core of the compute sled. 36. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to enable the component comprises to enable an accelerator device. 37. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to enable the component comprises to enable a memory device. 38. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to enable the component comprises to enable a data storage device. 39. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to enable the component comprises to send a request to a provisioner compute device to send a message to the sled to enable the component. 40. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to receive the request to enable a component comprises to receive a request to enable a specified feature of a set of features supported by the component; and
wherein to enable the component comprises to enable the specified feature of the component. 41. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to meter the utilization of the component by the workload comprises to meter utilization of the component outside of a service-level agreement of the customer. 42. One or more machine-readable storage media comprising a plurality of instructions stored thereon that, in response to being executed, cause a compute device to:
receive, through a network, a request to enable a component of a sled to assist in the execution of a workload; enable, in response to the request, the component to assist in the execution of the workload; and meter the utilization of the component by the workload to determine a total monetary cost to a customer associated with the workload for the utilization of the component. 43. The one or more machine-readable storage media of claim 42, wherein the plurality of instructions further cause the compute device to send, to a compute sled assigned to execute the workload, a license key to include in one or more requests to the component to execute one or more operations. 44. The one or more machine-readable storage media of claim 42, wherein to enable the component comprises to send a request to the sled on which the component is located to provide power to the component. 45. The one or more machine-readable storage media of claim 42, wherein to receive a request to enable a component comprises to receive a request that includes data indicative of a type of component to enable and the plurality of instructions further cause the compute device to identify, as a function of data included in the request, the component to enable. 46. The one or more machine-readable storage media of claim 42, wherein to receive a request to enable a component comprises to receive a request that includes utilization limit data indicative of a total amount of utilization requested, and wherein the plurality of instructions further cause the compute device to:
determine whether a present total cost of utilization of the component satisfies the utilization limit data; and disable, in response to a determination that the present total cost of utilization satisfies the utilization limit data, the component. 47. A method comprising:
receiving, by a compute device and through a network, a request to enable a component of a sled to assist in the execution of a workload; enabling, by the compute device and in response to the request, the component to assist in the execution of the workload; and metering, by the compute device, the utilization of the component by the workload to determine a total monetary cost to a customer associated with the workload for the utilization of the component. 48. The method of claim 47, further comprising sending, by the compute device and to a compute sled assigned to execute the workload, a license key to include in one or more requests to the component to execute one or more operations. 49. The method of claim 47, wherein enabling the component comprises sending a request to the sled on which the component is located to provide power to the component. 50. The method of claim 47, wherein receiving a request to enable a component comprises receiving a request that includes data indicative of a type of component to enable, the method further comprising identifying, by the compute device and as a function of data included in the request, the component to enable. | 1,700 |
342,785 | 16,642,527 | 1,735 | Provided is a technique for producing a tire which, even if an electronic component is included therein, can prevent damages or deformations of the electronic component caused by impact load during street-traveling, etc., and maintain sufficient reading performance. Provided is a pneumatic tire provided with an electronic component at a position located on the further outer side in the tire axis direction than a carcass, wherein, in a tire rubber member having a maximum value of E*(100° C.) at 100° C., among tire rubber members located toward the outer side in the tire axis direction from the position at which the electronic component is disposed, E*(1000° C.) at 100° C. and E*(150° C.) at 150° C. satisfy the following formula: E*(150° C.)/E*(100° C.)≥0.9. | 1-4. (canceled) 5. A pneumatic tire having an electronic component provided at a position outer side than the carcass in the tire axial direction,
wherein E*(100° C.) at 100° C. and E*(150° C.) at 150° C. of the rubber member for a tire having the largest E*(100° C.) at 100° C., among the rubber members for tire located outward in the tire axial direction than the position where the electronic components is provided, satisfy the following formula:
E*(150° C.)/E*(100° C.)≥0.9. 6. The pneumatic tire according to claim 5, wherein E*(100° C.) at 100° C. and E*(150° C.) at 150° C. satisfy the following formula:
E*(150° C.)/E*(100° C.)≥1.0. 7. The pneumatic tire according to claim 6, wherein E*(100° C.) at 100° C. and E*(150° C.) at 150° C. satisfy the following formula:
E*(150° C.)/E*(100° C.)≥1.3. 8. The pneumatic tire according to claim 5, wherein E*(100° C.) at 100° C. and E*(150° C.) at 150° C. satisfy the following formula:
E*(150° C.)/E*(100° C.)≤1.5. 9. The pneumatic tire according to claim 8, wherein E*(100° C.) at 100° C. and E*(150° C.) at 150° C. satisfy the following formula:
E*(150° C.)/E*(100° C.)≤1.4. 10. The pneumatic tire according to claim 5, wherein the electronic component is disposed outer side than the carcass in the tire axial direction in the cross-sectional view, and embedded at a position of 20 to 80% from the bottom of bead core with respect to the distance from the position of maximum tire width to the bottom of bead core in the equatorial direction. 11. The pneumatic tire according to claim 5, wherein the electronic component is a RFID. | Provided is a technique for producing a tire which, even if an electronic component is included therein, can prevent damages or deformations of the electronic component caused by impact load during street-traveling, etc., and maintain sufficient reading performance. Provided is a pneumatic tire provided with an electronic component at a position located on the further outer side in the tire axis direction than a carcass, wherein, in a tire rubber member having a maximum value of E*(100° C.) at 100° C., among tire rubber members located toward the outer side in the tire axis direction from the position at which the electronic component is disposed, E*(1000° C.) at 100° C. and E*(150° C.) at 150° C. satisfy the following formula: E*(150° C.)/E*(100° C.)≥0.9.1-4. (canceled) 5. A pneumatic tire having an electronic component provided at a position outer side than the carcass in the tire axial direction,
wherein E*(100° C.) at 100° C. and E*(150° C.) at 150° C. of the rubber member for a tire having the largest E*(100° C.) at 100° C., among the rubber members for tire located outward in the tire axial direction than the position where the electronic components is provided, satisfy the following formula:
E*(150° C.)/E*(100° C.)≥0.9. 6. The pneumatic tire according to claim 5, wherein E*(100° C.) at 100° C. and E*(150° C.) at 150° C. satisfy the following formula:
E*(150° C.)/E*(100° C.)≥1.0. 7. The pneumatic tire according to claim 6, wherein E*(100° C.) at 100° C. and E*(150° C.) at 150° C. satisfy the following formula:
E*(150° C.)/E*(100° C.)≥1.3. 8. The pneumatic tire according to claim 5, wherein E*(100° C.) at 100° C. and E*(150° C.) at 150° C. satisfy the following formula:
E*(150° C.)/E*(100° C.)≤1.5. 9. The pneumatic tire according to claim 8, wherein E*(100° C.) at 100° C. and E*(150° C.) at 150° C. satisfy the following formula:
E*(150° C.)/E*(100° C.)≤1.4. 10. The pneumatic tire according to claim 5, wherein the electronic component is disposed outer side than the carcass in the tire axial direction in the cross-sectional view, and embedded at a position of 20 to 80% from the bottom of bead core with respect to the distance from the position of maximum tire width to the bottom of bead core in the equatorial direction. 11. The pneumatic tire according to claim 5, wherein the electronic component is a RFID. | 1,700 |
342,786 | 16,642,523 | 1,735 | Technologies for managing disaggregated resources in a data center includes a compute device configured to determine that a service related task has been generated and create one or more microservices to perform the created service related task using at least one of a plurality of services managed by the microservice resource controller circuitry. The compute device is further configuration to generate one or more microtasks to compose at least one service based on the one or more microservices. Other embodiments are described herein. | 1-25. (canceled) 26. A compute device for managing disaggregated resources in a data center, the compute device comprising:
microservice resource controller circuitry to (i) determine that a service related task has been generated and (ii) create one or more microservices to perform the determined service related task using at least one of a plurality of services managed by the microservice resource controller circuitry; and microtask resource controller circuitry to generate one or more microtasks to compose at least one service based on the one or more microservices. 27. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to generate the one or more microtasks comprises to create one or more threads for each of the one or more microservices, and wherein each of the one or more threads is to execute a respective one of the one or more microtasks. 28. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to create the one or more threads comprises to allocate a first thread to call a pod manager of the data center to discover resources of a hardware cluster of the data center. 29. The compute device of claim 28, wherein to create the one or more threads further comprises to allocate a second thread to compose a portion of the discovered resources into a composed node that is configured to function as a server. 30. The compute device of claim 29, wherein to create the one or more threads further comprises to allocate a third thread to deploy a storage volume to be associated with the composed node. 31. The compute device of claim 30, wherein the microservice resource controller circuitry is further to transmit a notification of completion to an entity that requested composition of the composed node, and wherein the notification of completion includes an identifier of the composed node. 32. The compute device of claim 28, wherein to create the one or more threads further comprises to allocate a plurality of threads to compose a portion of the discovered resources into a group of composed nodes, wherein each composed node of the group of composed nodes is configured to function as a server. 33. The compute device of claim 32, wherein the microservice resource controller circuitry is further to transmit a notification of completion to an entity that requested composition of the composed node, and wherein the notification of completion includes an identifier of each composed node of the group of composed nodes and a group identifier that identifies the group of composed nodes. 34. The compute device of claim 28, wherein to determine that the service related task has been generated comprises to determine that an underlay network of the data center is to be orchestrated, wherein to create the one or more threads comprises to start a master thread to compose network resources, and wherein the master thread is to (i) allocate a child thread to configure one or more switch ports of a switch of the data center and (ii) allocate one or more threads to configured one or more host ports of a node of the data center. 35. The compute device of claim 34, wherein the microservice resource controller circuitry is further to transmit a notification of completion to an entity that requested the underlay network to be orchestrated, and wherein the notification of completion includes a completion code and an identifier of the underlay network. 36. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to determine that the service related task has been generated comprises to determine that the generated service related task indicates that at least one node is to be orchestrated. 37. The compute device of claim 26, wherein the resources include compute resources, storage resources, and network resources. 38. A compute device for managing disaggregated resources in a data center, the compute device comprising:
a compute engine to:
determine that a service related task has been generated and (ii) create one or more microservices to perform the determined service related task using at least one of a plurality of services managed by the compute engine; and
microtask resource controller circuitry to generate one or more microtasks to compose at least one service based on the one or more microservices. 39. The compute device of claim 38, wherein to generate the microtask comprises to create one or more threads for each of the one or more microservices, and wherein each of the one or more threads is to execute a respective one of the one or more microtasks. 40. The compute device of claim 38, wherein to determine that the service related task has been generated comprises to determine that the generated service related task indicates that at least one node is to be orchestrated, and wherein to create the one or more threads comprises to allocate a first thread to call a pod manager of the data center to discover resources of a hardware cluster of the data center, wherein the resources include compute resources, storage resources, and network resources. 41. The compute device of claim 40, wherein to create the one or more threads further comprises to allocate a second thread to compose a portion of the discovered resources into a composed node that is configured to function as a server. 42. The compute device of claim 41, wherein to create the one or more threads further comprises to allocate a third thread to deploy a storage volume to be associated with the composed node. 43. The compute device of claim 42, wherein the compute engine is further to transmit a notification of completion to an entity that requested composition of the composed node, and wherein the notification of completion includes an identifier of the composed node. 44. The compute device of claim 40, wherein to create the one or more threads further comprises to allocate a plurality of threads to compose a portion of the discovered resources into a group of composed nodes, wherein each composed node of the group of composed nodes is configured to function as a server. 45. The compute device of claim 44, wherein the compute engine is further to transmit a notification of completion to an entity that requested composition of the composed node, and wherein the notification of completion includes an identifier of each composed node of the group of composed nodes and a group identifier that identifies the group of composed nodes. 46. The compute device of claim 40, wherein to determine that the service related task has been generated comprises to determine that an underlay network of the data center is to be orchestrated, wherein to create the one or more threads comprises to start a master thread to compose network resources of the data center, and wherein the master thread is to (i) allocate a child thread to configure one or more switch ports of a switch of the data center and (ii) allocate one or more threads to configured one or more host ports of a node of the data center. 47. The compute device of claim 46, wherein the compute engine is further to transmit a notification of completion to an entity that requested the underlay network to be orchestrated, and wherein the notification of completion includes a completion code and an identifier of the underlay network. 48. One or more machine-readable storage media comprising a plurality of instructions stored thereon that, when executed, causes a compute device to:
determine that a service related task has been generated; create one or more microservices to perform the determined service related task using at least one of a plurality of services managed by the compute device; and generate device, one or more microtasks to compose at least one service based on the one or more microservices. 49. The one or more machine-readable storage media of claim 48, wherein to generate the microtask comprises to create one or more threads for each of the one or more microservices, and wherein each of the one or more threads is to execute a respective one of the one or more microtasks. 50. The one or more machine-readable storage media of claim 48, wherein to determine that the service related task has been generated comprises to determine that the generated service related task indicates that at least one node is to be orchestrated, and wherein to create the one or more threads comprises to allocate a first thread to call a pod manager of the data center to discover resources of a hardware cluster of the data center, wherein the resources include compute resources, storage resources, and network resources. | Technologies for managing disaggregated resources in a data center includes a compute device configured to determine that a service related task has been generated and create one or more microservices to perform the created service related task using at least one of a plurality of services managed by the microservice resource controller circuitry. The compute device is further configuration to generate one or more microtasks to compose at least one service based on the one or more microservices. Other embodiments are described herein.1-25. (canceled) 26. A compute device for managing disaggregated resources in a data center, the compute device comprising:
microservice resource controller circuitry to (i) determine that a service related task has been generated and (ii) create one or more microservices to perform the determined service related task using at least one of a plurality of services managed by the microservice resource controller circuitry; and microtask resource controller circuitry to generate one or more microtasks to compose at least one service based on the one or more microservices. 27. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to generate the one or more microtasks comprises to create one or more threads for each of the one or more microservices, and wherein each of the one or more threads is to execute a respective one of the one or more microtasks. 28. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to create the one or more threads comprises to allocate a first thread to call a pod manager of the data center to discover resources of a hardware cluster of the data center. 29. The compute device of claim 28, wherein to create the one or more threads further comprises to allocate a second thread to compose a portion of the discovered resources into a composed node that is configured to function as a server. 30. The compute device of claim 29, wherein to create the one or more threads further comprises to allocate a third thread to deploy a storage volume to be associated with the composed node. 31. The compute device of claim 30, wherein the microservice resource controller circuitry is further to transmit a notification of completion to an entity that requested composition of the composed node, and wherein the notification of completion includes an identifier of the composed node. 32. The compute device of claim 28, wherein to create the one or more threads further comprises to allocate a plurality of threads to compose a portion of the discovered resources into a group of composed nodes, wherein each composed node of the group of composed nodes is configured to function as a server. 33. The compute device of claim 32, wherein the microservice resource controller circuitry is further to transmit a notification of completion to an entity that requested composition of the composed node, and wherein the notification of completion includes an identifier of each composed node of the group of composed nodes and a group identifier that identifies the group of composed nodes. 34. The compute device of claim 28, wherein to determine that the service related task has been generated comprises to determine that an underlay network of the data center is to be orchestrated, wherein to create the one or more threads comprises to start a master thread to compose network resources, and wherein the master thread is to (i) allocate a child thread to configure one or more switch ports of a switch of the data center and (ii) allocate one or more threads to configured one or more host ports of a node of the data center. 35. The compute device of claim 34, wherein the microservice resource controller circuitry is further to transmit a notification of completion to an entity that requested the underlay network to be orchestrated, and wherein the notification of completion includes a completion code and an identifier of the underlay network. 36. The compute device of claim 26, wherein to determine that the service related task has been generated comprises to determine that the generated service related task indicates that at least one node is to be orchestrated. 37. The compute device of claim 26, wherein the resources include compute resources, storage resources, and network resources. 38. A compute device for managing disaggregated resources in a data center, the compute device comprising:
a compute engine to:
determine that a service related task has been generated and (ii) create one or more microservices to perform the determined service related task using at least one of a plurality of services managed by the compute engine; and
microtask resource controller circuitry to generate one or more microtasks to compose at least one service based on the one or more microservices. 39. The compute device of claim 38, wherein to generate the microtask comprises to create one or more threads for each of the one or more microservices, and wherein each of the one or more threads is to execute a respective one of the one or more microtasks. 40. The compute device of claim 38, wherein to determine that the service related task has been generated comprises to determine that the generated service related task indicates that at least one node is to be orchestrated, and wherein to create the one or more threads comprises to allocate a first thread to call a pod manager of the data center to discover resources of a hardware cluster of the data center, wherein the resources include compute resources, storage resources, and network resources. 41. The compute device of claim 40, wherein to create the one or more threads further comprises to allocate a second thread to compose a portion of the discovered resources into a composed node that is configured to function as a server. 42. The compute device of claim 41, wherein to create the one or more threads further comprises to allocate a third thread to deploy a storage volume to be associated with the composed node. 43. The compute device of claim 42, wherein the compute engine is further to transmit a notification of completion to an entity that requested composition of the composed node, and wherein the notification of completion includes an identifier of the composed node. 44. The compute device of claim 40, wherein to create the one or more threads further comprises to allocate a plurality of threads to compose a portion of the discovered resources into a group of composed nodes, wherein each composed node of the group of composed nodes is configured to function as a server. 45. The compute device of claim 44, wherein the compute engine is further to transmit a notification of completion to an entity that requested composition of the composed node, and wherein the notification of completion includes an identifier of each composed node of the group of composed nodes and a group identifier that identifies the group of composed nodes. 46. The compute device of claim 40, wherein to determine that the service related task has been generated comprises to determine that an underlay network of the data center is to be orchestrated, wherein to create the one or more threads comprises to start a master thread to compose network resources of the data center, and wherein the master thread is to (i) allocate a child thread to configure one or more switch ports of a switch of the data center and (ii) allocate one or more threads to configured one or more host ports of a node of the data center. 47. The compute device of claim 46, wherein the compute engine is further to transmit a notification of completion to an entity that requested the underlay network to be orchestrated, and wherein the notification of completion includes a completion code and an identifier of the underlay network. 48. One or more machine-readable storage media comprising a plurality of instructions stored thereon that, when executed, causes a compute device to:
determine that a service related task has been generated; create one or more microservices to perform the determined service related task using at least one of a plurality of services managed by the compute device; and generate device, one or more microtasks to compose at least one service based on the one or more microservices. 49. The one or more machine-readable storage media of claim 48, wherein to generate the microtask comprises to create one or more threads for each of the one or more microservices, and wherein each of the one or more threads is to execute a respective one of the one or more microtasks. 50. The one or more machine-readable storage media of claim 48, wherein to determine that the service related task has been generated comprises to determine that the generated service related task indicates that at least one node is to be orchestrated, and wherein to create the one or more threads comprises to allocate a first thread to call a pod manager of the data center to discover resources of a hardware cluster of the data center, wherein the resources include compute resources, storage resources, and network resources. | 1,700 |
342,787 | 16,642,526 | 1,735 | A nonvolatile memory device includes a semiconductor substrate, a memory array region including a plurality of word lines formed linearly along a plane having a height (h1), a plurality of linear bit lines formed linearly along a plane having a height (h2) in a direction intersecting the plurality of word lines, and a plurality of memory cells provided between an intersection portion of each of the plurality of word lines with the plurality of bit lines and each of the plurality of bit lines, and a peripheral circuit region including a plurality of linear electrodes formed linearly along a plane having a height (h1), a plurality of linear electrodes formed linearly along a plane having the height (h2) in a direction intersecting the plurality of linear electrodes, and an insulators provided at least between the plurality of linear electrodes and the plurality of linear electrodes. | 1. A semiconductor device comprising:
a semiconductor substrate; a first region including a plurality of first wiring portions formed linearly to be parallel to each other along a first surface having a first height on the semiconductor substrate, a plurality of second wiring portions formed linearly along a second surface having a second height on the semiconductor substrate in a direction intersecting the plurality of first wiring portions, and a plurality of storage elements provided to be connected to the first wiring portion and the second wiring portion between an intersection portion of each of the plurality of first wiring portions with the plurality of second wiring portions when seen from a direction perpendicular to the first surface and each of the plurality of second wiring portions; and a second region including a plurality of third wiring portions formed linearly to be parallel to each other along the first surface on the semiconductor substrate, a plurality of fourth wiring portions formed linearly along the second surface on the semiconductor substrate in a direction intersecting the plurality of third wiring portions, and an insulator disposed between the third wiring portion and the fourth wiring portion. 2. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein:
the plurality of third wiring portions are formed in the same direction as the plurality of first wiring portions, and the plurality of fourth wiring portions are formed in the same direction as the plurality of second wiring portions. 3. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein:
the plurality of third wiring portions are commonly electrically connected to a first external terminal; and the plurality of fourth wiring portions are commonly electrically connected to a second external terminal. 4. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein:
the plurality of third wiring portions are electrically connected alternately with a first external terminal and a second external terminal, and the plurality of fourth wiring portions are electrically connected alternately with the first external terminal and the second external terminal. 5. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein a line width or an interval of the plurality of third wiring portions along the first surface is larger than that of the plurality of first wiring portions. 6. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein a line width or an interval of the plurality of fourth wiring portions along the second surface is larger than that of the plurality of second wiring portions. 7. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, the method comprising:
a first layer forming step of linearly forming a plurality of first wiring portions to be parallel to each other in a first region along a first surface having a first height on a semiconductor substrate and linearly forming a plurality of third wiring portions to be parallel to each other in a second region along the first surface on the semiconductor substrate; a second layer forming step of forming a plurality of storage elements to be separately connected to the first wiring portions on each of the plurality of first wiring portions and forming an insulator on each of the plurality of third wiring portions; and a third layer forming step of linearly forming a plurality of second wiring portions in a direction intersecting the plurality of first wiring portions in a region corresponding to the first region along a second surface having a second height on the semiconductor substrate and connected to the plurality of storage elements and linearly forming a plurality of fourth wiring portions in a direction intersecting the plurality of third wiring portions in a region corresponding to the second region along the second surface on the semiconductor substrate while the insulator is sandwiched between the plurality of third wiring portions and the plurality of fourth wiring portions. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, in the second layer forming step, the plurality of storage elements are formed by forming a storage element material along the first surface and etching the storage element material in the first region, and the insulator is formed in the second region after the storage element material in the second region is removed. 9. The method according to claim 7, wherein, in the second layer forming step, the plurality of storage elements are formed by forming a coating material having a hole portion along the first surface and embedding a storage element material in the hole portion of the coating material in the first region, and the insulator is formed in the second region after the coating material in the second region is removed. | A nonvolatile memory device includes a semiconductor substrate, a memory array region including a plurality of word lines formed linearly along a plane having a height (h1), a plurality of linear bit lines formed linearly along a plane having a height (h2) in a direction intersecting the plurality of word lines, and a plurality of memory cells provided between an intersection portion of each of the plurality of word lines with the plurality of bit lines and each of the plurality of bit lines, and a peripheral circuit region including a plurality of linear electrodes formed linearly along a plane having a height (h1), a plurality of linear electrodes formed linearly along a plane having the height (h2) in a direction intersecting the plurality of linear electrodes, and an insulators provided at least between the plurality of linear electrodes and the plurality of linear electrodes.1. A semiconductor device comprising:
a semiconductor substrate; a first region including a plurality of first wiring portions formed linearly to be parallel to each other along a first surface having a first height on the semiconductor substrate, a plurality of second wiring portions formed linearly along a second surface having a second height on the semiconductor substrate in a direction intersecting the plurality of first wiring portions, and a plurality of storage elements provided to be connected to the first wiring portion and the second wiring portion between an intersection portion of each of the plurality of first wiring portions with the plurality of second wiring portions when seen from a direction perpendicular to the first surface and each of the plurality of second wiring portions; and a second region including a plurality of third wiring portions formed linearly to be parallel to each other along the first surface on the semiconductor substrate, a plurality of fourth wiring portions formed linearly along the second surface on the semiconductor substrate in a direction intersecting the plurality of third wiring portions, and an insulator disposed between the third wiring portion and the fourth wiring portion. 2. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein:
the plurality of third wiring portions are formed in the same direction as the plurality of first wiring portions, and the plurality of fourth wiring portions are formed in the same direction as the plurality of second wiring portions. 3. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein:
the plurality of third wiring portions are commonly electrically connected to a first external terminal; and the plurality of fourth wiring portions are commonly electrically connected to a second external terminal. 4. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein:
the plurality of third wiring portions are electrically connected alternately with a first external terminal and a second external terminal, and the plurality of fourth wiring portions are electrically connected alternately with the first external terminal and the second external terminal. 5. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein a line width or an interval of the plurality of third wiring portions along the first surface is larger than that of the plurality of first wiring portions. 6. The semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein a line width or an interval of the plurality of fourth wiring portions along the second surface is larger than that of the plurality of second wiring portions. 7. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, the method comprising:
a first layer forming step of linearly forming a plurality of first wiring portions to be parallel to each other in a first region along a first surface having a first height on a semiconductor substrate and linearly forming a plurality of third wiring portions to be parallel to each other in a second region along the first surface on the semiconductor substrate; a second layer forming step of forming a plurality of storage elements to be separately connected to the first wiring portions on each of the plurality of first wiring portions and forming an insulator on each of the plurality of third wiring portions; and a third layer forming step of linearly forming a plurality of second wiring portions in a direction intersecting the plurality of first wiring portions in a region corresponding to the first region along a second surface having a second height on the semiconductor substrate and connected to the plurality of storage elements and linearly forming a plurality of fourth wiring portions in a direction intersecting the plurality of third wiring portions in a region corresponding to the second region along the second surface on the semiconductor substrate while the insulator is sandwiched between the plurality of third wiring portions and the plurality of fourth wiring portions. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, in the second layer forming step, the plurality of storage elements are formed by forming a storage element material along the first surface and etching the storage element material in the first region, and the insulator is formed in the second region after the storage element material in the second region is removed. 9. The method according to claim 7, wherein, in the second layer forming step, the plurality of storage elements are formed by forming a coating material having a hole portion along the first surface and embedding a storage element material in the hole portion of the coating material in the first region, and the insulator is formed in the second region after the coating material in the second region is removed. | 1,700 |
342,788 | 16,642,536 | 1,735 | An automated control apparatus, method, and system for improving inspection, measurement, and fabrication of apparel is described. The system is used to capture an image of the apparel or apparel-related object and convert that image into a digital representation which can then be sent to and stored in a database to be used to recreate ideal apparel with reproducible measurements and patterns. The system also allows for comparisons with already existing ideal images and/or the apparel itself to determine if the apparel or apparel-related object possess the correct dimensions, shapes, colors, textures and fabrics, etc. | 1. A method for inspection, measurement, fabrication, and quality control of apparel, the method comprising:
a) mounting apparel using mounting equipment such that one or more select features of the apparel are accessible by scanning equipment; b) scanning, using one or more of the mounting equipment and the scanning equipment, the apparel to generate scan-data from a plurality of perspective directions relative to the apparel; c) processing the scan-data to generate reproducible images of the apparel; and d) generating, based on the reproducible images, output comprising apparel inspection, measurements, and categorization information. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising repeating steps a)-d) for at least one iteration, wherein the apparel is modified between iterations, and wherein the method facilitates reduction in quality defects of the apparel. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the quality defects comprises variations in stitching, breaks or changes in color or fabric patterns, tears, unwanted marks and blemishes. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the scan-data comprises digital based on signals projected onto the apparel. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the signals comprise one or more of electrical, electro-mechanical, electromagnetic, optical, mechanical, or magnetic energy. 6. The method claim 1, wherein the scan-data comprises one or more of videos, photos, or point-cloud imaging. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the apparel comprises a garment. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the garment comprise an article of clothing. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the mounting equipment is arranged to receive signals from a plurality of directions and/or sources. 10. The method claim 1, wherein the mounting equipment allows the apparel to be rotated during the scanning. 11. The method claim 1, wherein the scanning equipment comprises an optical scanning mechanism configured to output optical signals. 12. The method claim 1, wherein the generating output comprises comparing the reproducible images to stored reference images. 13. A system configured to implement the method of claim 1. | An automated control apparatus, method, and system for improving inspection, measurement, and fabrication of apparel is described. The system is used to capture an image of the apparel or apparel-related object and convert that image into a digital representation which can then be sent to and stored in a database to be used to recreate ideal apparel with reproducible measurements and patterns. The system also allows for comparisons with already existing ideal images and/or the apparel itself to determine if the apparel or apparel-related object possess the correct dimensions, shapes, colors, textures and fabrics, etc.1. A method for inspection, measurement, fabrication, and quality control of apparel, the method comprising:
a) mounting apparel using mounting equipment such that one or more select features of the apparel are accessible by scanning equipment; b) scanning, using one or more of the mounting equipment and the scanning equipment, the apparel to generate scan-data from a plurality of perspective directions relative to the apparel; c) processing the scan-data to generate reproducible images of the apparel; and d) generating, based on the reproducible images, output comprising apparel inspection, measurements, and categorization information. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising repeating steps a)-d) for at least one iteration, wherein the apparel is modified between iterations, and wherein the method facilitates reduction in quality defects of the apparel. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the quality defects comprises variations in stitching, breaks or changes in color or fabric patterns, tears, unwanted marks and blemishes. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the scan-data comprises digital based on signals projected onto the apparel. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the signals comprise one or more of electrical, electro-mechanical, electromagnetic, optical, mechanical, or magnetic energy. 6. The method claim 1, wherein the scan-data comprises one or more of videos, photos, or point-cloud imaging. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the apparel comprises a garment. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the garment comprise an article of clothing. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the mounting equipment is arranged to receive signals from a plurality of directions and/or sources. 10. The method claim 1, wherein the mounting equipment allows the apparel to be rotated during the scanning. 11. The method claim 1, wherein the scanning equipment comprises an optical scanning mechanism configured to output optical signals. 12. The method claim 1, wherein the generating output comprises comparing the reproducible images to stored reference images. 13. A system configured to implement the method of claim 1. | 1,700 |
342,789 | 16,642,533 | 1,735 | Provided is a tire structure technology with which sufficient reading performance can be maintained even when a tire having an electronic component provided therein is caused to drive under high speed and severe handling. A pneumatic tire in which an electronic component is provided farther outward in a tire axial direction than a carcass, and in which the tanδ(1)50° C. and tanδ(1)150° C. of a first rubber member, and the tanδ(2)50° C. and tanδ(2)150° C. of a second rubber member, satisfy the following formula, where the first rubber member is a tire rubber member that has the greatest E* at 50° C. among tire rubber members positioned outward from the electronic component in the tire axial direction, and the second rubber member is a tire rubber member that has the greatest E* at 50° C. among tire rubber members positioned inward from the electronic component in the tire axial direction. | 9. A pneumatic tire provided with an electronic component at a position outer side of the carcass in the tire axial direction, wherein:
tan δ (1)50° C. at 50° C. and tan δ (1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member having the largest E*(50° C.) at 50° C. among rubber members for a tire located outward in the tire axial direction from the position where the electronic component is provided, and tan 67 (2)50° C. at 50° C. and tan δ (2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member having the largest E*(50° C.) at 50° C. among rubber members for a tire located inward in the tire axial direction from the position where the electronic component is provided, satisfy the following formula:
(tan δ (1)50° C.+tan δ (2)50° C.−(tan δ (1)150° C.+tan δ (2)150° C.)≤0.08 10. The pneumatic tire according to claim 9, wherein tan δ (1)50° C.at 50° C. and tan δ (1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and tan δ (2)50° C. at 50° C. and tan δ (2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(tan δ (1)50° C.+tan δ (2)50° C.−(tan δ (1)150° C.+tan δ (2)150° C.)≤0.07 11. The pneumatic tire according to claim 10, wherein tan δ (1)50° C.at 50° C. and tan δ (1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and tan δ (2)50° C. at 50° C. and tan δ (2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(tan δ (1)50° C.+tan δ (2)50° C.−(tan δ (1)150° C.+tan δ (2)150° C.)≤0.06 12. The pneumatic tire according to claim 11, wherein tan δ (1)50° C.at 50° C. and tan δ (1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and tan δ (2)50° C. at 50° C. and tan δ (2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(tan δ (1)50° C.+tan δ (2)50° C.−(tan δ (1)150° C.+tan δ (2)150° C.)≤0.05 13. The pneumatic tire according to claim 12, wherein tan δ (1)50° C.at 50° C. and tan δ (1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and tan δ (2)50° C. at 50° C. and tan δ (2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(tan δ (1)50° C.+tan δ (2)50° C.−(tan δ (1)150° C.+tan δ (2)150° C.)≤0.04 14. The pneumatic tire according to claim 13, wherein tan δ (1)50° C.at 50° C. and tan δ (1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and tan δ (2)50° C. at 50° C. and tan δ (2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(tan δ (1)50° C.+tan δ (2)50° C.−(tan δ (1)150° C.+tan δ (2)150° C.)≤0.03 15. The pneumatic tire according to claim 14, wherein tan δ (1)50° C.at 50° C. and tan δ (1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and tan δ (2)50° C. at 50° C. and tan δ (2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(tan δ (1)50° C.+tan δ (2)50° C.−(tan δ (1)150° C.+tan δ (2)150° C.)≤0.02 16. The pneumatic tire according to claim 9, wherein tan δ (1)50° C.at 50° C. and tan δ (1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and tan δ (2)50° C. at 50° C. and tan δ (2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(tan δ (1)50° C.+tan δ (2)50° C.−(tan δ (1)150° C.+tan δ (2)150° C.)≤0.03 17. The pneumatic tire according to claim 16, wherein tan δ (1)50° C.at 50° C. and tan δ (1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and tan δ (2)50° C. at 50° C. and tan δ (2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(tan δ (1)50° C.+tan δ (2)50° C.−(tan δ (1)150° C.+tan δ (2)150° C.)≤0.07 18. The pneumatic tire according to claim 17, wherein the electronic component is located outer side of the carcass in the tire axial direction in the cross-sectional view, and is embedded at a position of 20 to 80% from the bottom of bead core with respect to the distance from the position of the maximum tire width to the bottom of bead core in the equatorial direction. 19. The pneumatic tire according to claim 9, wherein the electronic component is a RFID. | Provided is a tire structure technology with which sufficient reading performance can be maintained even when a tire having an electronic component provided therein is caused to drive under high speed and severe handling. A pneumatic tire in which an electronic component is provided farther outward in a tire axial direction than a carcass, and in which the tanδ(1)50° C. and tanδ(1)150° C. of a first rubber member, and the tanδ(2)50° C. and tanδ(2)150° C. of a second rubber member, satisfy the following formula, where the first rubber member is a tire rubber member that has the greatest E* at 50° C. among tire rubber members positioned outward from the electronic component in the tire axial direction, and the second rubber member is a tire rubber member that has the greatest E* at 50° C. among tire rubber members positioned inward from the electronic component in the tire axial direction.9. A pneumatic tire provided with an electronic component at a position outer side of the carcass in the tire axial direction, wherein:
tan δ (1)50° C. at 50° C. and tan δ (1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member having the largest E*(50° C.) at 50° C. among rubber members for a tire located outward in the tire axial direction from the position where the electronic component is provided, and tan 67 (2)50° C. at 50° C. and tan δ (2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member having the largest E*(50° C.) at 50° C. among rubber members for a tire located inward in the tire axial direction from the position where the electronic component is provided, satisfy the following formula:
(tan δ (1)50° C.+tan δ (2)50° C.−(tan δ (1)150° C.+tan δ (2)150° C.)≤0.08 10. The pneumatic tire according to claim 9, wherein tan δ (1)50° C.at 50° C. and tan δ (1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and tan δ (2)50° C. at 50° C. and tan δ (2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(tan δ (1)50° C.+tan δ (2)50° C.−(tan δ (1)150° C.+tan δ (2)150° C.)≤0.07 11. The pneumatic tire according to claim 10, wherein tan δ (1)50° C.at 50° C. and tan δ (1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and tan δ (2)50° C. at 50° C. and tan δ (2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(tan δ (1)50° C.+tan δ (2)50° C.−(tan δ (1)150° C.+tan δ (2)150° C.)≤0.06 12. The pneumatic tire according to claim 11, wherein tan δ (1)50° C.at 50° C. and tan δ (1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and tan δ (2)50° C. at 50° C. and tan δ (2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(tan δ (1)50° C.+tan δ (2)50° C.−(tan δ (1)150° C.+tan δ (2)150° C.)≤0.05 13. The pneumatic tire according to claim 12, wherein tan δ (1)50° C.at 50° C. and tan δ (1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and tan δ (2)50° C. at 50° C. and tan δ (2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(tan δ (1)50° C.+tan δ (2)50° C.−(tan δ (1)150° C.+tan δ (2)150° C.)≤0.04 14. The pneumatic tire according to claim 13, wherein tan δ (1)50° C.at 50° C. and tan δ (1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and tan δ (2)50° C. at 50° C. and tan δ (2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(tan δ (1)50° C.+tan δ (2)50° C.−(tan δ (1)150° C.+tan δ (2)150° C.)≤0.03 15. The pneumatic tire according to claim 14, wherein tan δ (1)50° C.at 50° C. and tan δ (1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and tan δ (2)50° C. at 50° C. and tan δ (2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(tan δ (1)50° C.+tan δ (2)50° C.−(tan δ (1)150° C.+tan δ (2)150° C.)≤0.02 16. The pneumatic tire according to claim 9, wherein tan δ (1)50° C.at 50° C. and tan δ (1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and tan δ (2)50° C. at 50° C. and tan δ (2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(tan δ (1)50° C.+tan δ (2)50° C.−(tan δ (1)150° C.+tan δ (2)150° C.)≤0.03 17. The pneumatic tire according to claim 16, wherein tan δ (1)50° C.at 50° C. and tan δ (1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and tan δ (2)50° C. at 50° C. and tan δ (2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(tan δ (1)50° C.+tan δ (2)50° C.−(tan δ (1)150° C.+tan δ (2)150° C.)≤0.07 18. The pneumatic tire according to claim 17, wherein the electronic component is located outer side of the carcass in the tire axial direction in the cross-sectional view, and is embedded at a position of 20 to 80% from the bottom of bead core with respect to the distance from the position of the maximum tire width to the bottom of bead core in the equatorial direction. 19. The pneumatic tire according to claim 9, wherein the electronic component is a RFID. | 1,700 |
342,790 | 16,642,521 | 1,735 | The method of creating a three-dimensional (3D) puzzle of an object includes receiving a 3D model of the object; sequentially extracting a plurality of preliminary segments from the 3D model, and generating a plurality of two-dimensional (2D) printable segments corresponding to the plurality of preliminary segments. The plurality of printable segments may be configured to be printed to create a plurality of printed segments that may be configured to be selectively coupled together to form a 3D representation of the object. | 1. A method of creating a three-dimensional (3D) puzzle of an object, the method comprising:
receiving a 3D model of the object; sequentially extracting a plurality of preliminary segments from the 3D model; and generating a plurality of two-dimensional (2D) printable segments corresponding to the plurality of preliminary segments, wherein the 3D model comprises a polygon mesh, sequentially extracting a plurality of preliminary segments from the 3D model comprises, for each preliminary segment, selecting a random polygon from the polygon mesh that has not been selected for another one of the plurality of preliminary segments as an initial polygon, and the initial polygon is included as part of the preliminary segment. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the plurality of printable segments are configured to be printed to create a plurality of printed segments that are configured to be selectively coupled together to form a 3D representation of the object. 3. (canceled) 4. (canceled) 5. The method of claim 1 wherein sequentially extracting a plurality of preliminary segments from the 3D model comprises sequentially extracting the plurality of preliminary segments from the polygon mesh until each one of the polygons of the polygon mesh has been selected for one of the plurality of preliminary segments. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein the polygon mesh is a triangle mesh, wherein the initial polygon is an initial triangle, and wherein sequentially extracting a plurality of preliminary segments from the 3D model comprises, for each preliminary segment:
constructing a first direction segment in a first direction away from the initial triangle;
constructing a second direction segment in a second direction, different than the first direction, away from the initial triangle;
constructing a third direction segment in a third direction, different than the first and second directions, away from the initial triangle; and
selecting the one of the first, second and third direction segments that has the longest length as the preliminary segment. 7. The method of claim 6 wherein:
constructing a first direction segment comprises selecting triangles from the triangle mesh that are intersected by a first straight line that extends in the first direction away from the initial triangle until the first line intersects a triangle that has previously been selected for another one of the preliminary segments or until a length of the first direction segment reaches a predetermined threshold length;
constructing a second direction segment comprises selecting triangles from the triangle mesh that are intersected by a second straight line that extends in the second direction away from the initial triangle until the second line intersects a triangle that has previously been selected for another one of the preliminary segments or until a length of the second direction segment reaches the predetermined threshold length; and
constructing a third direction segment comprises selecting triangles from the triangle mesh that are intersected by a third straight line that extends in the third direction away from the initial triangle until the third line intersects a triangle that has previously been selected for another one of the preliminary segments or until a length of the third direction segment reaches the predetermined threshold length. 8. The method of claim 7 wherein:
the first line extends in the first direction from a center of the initial triangle and through a midpoint of a first edge of the initial triangle;
the second line extends in the second direction from the center of the initial triangle and through a midpoint of a second edge of the initial triangle; and
the third line extends in the third direction from the center of the initial triangle and through a midpoint of a third edge of the initial triangle. 9. The method of claim 7 further comprising:
rotating the selected triangles in the first direction segment into the same plane as the initial triangle;
rotating the selected triangles in the second direction segment into the same plane as the initial triangle; and/or rotating the selected triangles in the third direction segment into the same plane as the initial triangle. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the polygon mesh is a triangle mesh, wherein the initial polygon is an initial triangle, and wherein sequentially extracting a plurality of preliminary segments from the 3D model comprises, for each preliminary segment:
selecting triangles in a set of triangles that share a common vertex with the initial triangle; selecting an outer triangle that has an edge that is connected to an edge of one of the triangles in the set of triangles that does not share an edge with another one of the triangles in the set of triangles; selecting triangles that are intersected by a circular or spiral path extending from the outer triangle and around the set of triangles until the circular or spiral path intersects a triangle that has previously been selected for another one of the preliminary segments; and optionally rotating the selected triangles into the same plane as the initial triangle. 11. The method of claim 1 wherein:
the 3D model comprises texture data corresponding to the polygon or triangle mesh; and
generating a plurality of 2D printable segments corresponding to the plurality of preliminary segments comprises applying texture from the texture data to each of the plurality of preliminary segments. 12. The method of claim 11 wherein applying texture from the texture data to each of the plurality of preliminary segments comprises mapping texture from the texture data using UV coordinates for vertices of each polygon or triangle in the preliminary segment. 13. The method of claim 11 wherein generating a plurality of 2D printable segments corresponding to the plurality of preliminary segments comprises adding a plurality of flaps to each preliminary segment. 14. The method of claim 13 wherein one of the flaps extends from each edge of each polygon or triangle in the preliminary segment that is not connected with another polygon or triangle in the preliminary segment. 15. The method of claim 14 further comprising applying texture to each flap using the texture data at the edge of the polygon or triangle from which the flap extends. 16. The method of claim 13 further comprising adding indicia to each flap, wherein the indicia on one flap of one of the printable segments uniquely matches the indicia on one flap of another one of the printable segments to indicate that the flaps should be coupled together, and wherein the indicia optionally comprises a number and/or a letter. 17. (canceled) 18. The method of claim 1 wherein the object is or includes a head of a person. 19. The method of claim 1 wherein the plurality of printable segments comprise at least 50 segments or at least 100 segments. 20. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
providing the plurality of printable segments to a printer;
printing the plurality of printable segments to create the plurality of printed segments that correspond to the plurality of printable segments. 21. The method of claim 20 further comprising selectively coupling the printed segments to one another to form the 3D representation of the object. 22. (canceled) 23. An electronic device comprising:
a processor; and a storage medium coupled to the processor and comprising computer readable program code that when executed by the processor causes the processor to perform the method of claim 1. 24. A computer program product comprising:
a non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising computer readable program code embodied in the medium that when executed by a processor causes the processor to perform the method of claim 1. | The method of creating a three-dimensional (3D) puzzle of an object includes receiving a 3D model of the object; sequentially extracting a plurality of preliminary segments from the 3D model, and generating a plurality of two-dimensional (2D) printable segments corresponding to the plurality of preliminary segments. The plurality of printable segments may be configured to be printed to create a plurality of printed segments that may be configured to be selectively coupled together to form a 3D representation of the object.1. A method of creating a three-dimensional (3D) puzzle of an object, the method comprising:
receiving a 3D model of the object; sequentially extracting a plurality of preliminary segments from the 3D model; and generating a plurality of two-dimensional (2D) printable segments corresponding to the plurality of preliminary segments, wherein the 3D model comprises a polygon mesh, sequentially extracting a plurality of preliminary segments from the 3D model comprises, for each preliminary segment, selecting a random polygon from the polygon mesh that has not been selected for another one of the plurality of preliminary segments as an initial polygon, and the initial polygon is included as part of the preliminary segment. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the plurality of printable segments are configured to be printed to create a plurality of printed segments that are configured to be selectively coupled together to form a 3D representation of the object. 3. (canceled) 4. (canceled) 5. The method of claim 1 wherein sequentially extracting a plurality of preliminary segments from the 3D model comprises sequentially extracting the plurality of preliminary segments from the polygon mesh until each one of the polygons of the polygon mesh has been selected for one of the plurality of preliminary segments. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein the polygon mesh is a triangle mesh, wherein the initial polygon is an initial triangle, and wherein sequentially extracting a plurality of preliminary segments from the 3D model comprises, for each preliminary segment:
constructing a first direction segment in a first direction away from the initial triangle;
constructing a second direction segment in a second direction, different than the first direction, away from the initial triangle;
constructing a third direction segment in a third direction, different than the first and second directions, away from the initial triangle; and
selecting the one of the first, second and third direction segments that has the longest length as the preliminary segment. 7. The method of claim 6 wherein:
constructing a first direction segment comprises selecting triangles from the triangle mesh that are intersected by a first straight line that extends in the first direction away from the initial triangle until the first line intersects a triangle that has previously been selected for another one of the preliminary segments or until a length of the first direction segment reaches a predetermined threshold length;
constructing a second direction segment comprises selecting triangles from the triangle mesh that are intersected by a second straight line that extends in the second direction away from the initial triangle until the second line intersects a triangle that has previously been selected for another one of the preliminary segments or until a length of the second direction segment reaches the predetermined threshold length; and
constructing a third direction segment comprises selecting triangles from the triangle mesh that are intersected by a third straight line that extends in the third direction away from the initial triangle until the third line intersects a triangle that has previously been selected for another one of the preliminary segments or until a length of the third direction segment reaches the predetermined threshold length. 8. The method of claim 7 wherein:
the first line extends in the first direction from a center of the initial triangle and through a midpoint of a first edge of the initial triangle;
the second line extends in the second direction from the center of the initial triangle and through a midpoint of a second edge of the initial triangle; and
the third line extends in the third direction from the center of the initial triangle and through a midpoint of a third edge of the initial triangle. 9. The method of claim 7 further comprising:
rotating the selected triangles in the first direction segment into the same plane as the initial triangle;
rotating the selected triangles in the second direction segment into the same plane as the initial triangle; and/or rotating the selected triangles in the third direction segment into the same plane as the initial triangle. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the polygon mesh is a triangle mesh, wherein the initial polygon is an initial triangle, and wherein sequentially extracting a plurality of preliminary segments from the 3D model comprises, for each preliminary segment:
selecting triangles in a set of triangles that share a common vertex with the initial triangle; selecting an outer triangle that has an edge that is connected to an edge of one of the triangles in the set of triangles that does not share an edge with another one of the triangles in the set of triangles; selecting triangles that are intersected by a circular or spiral path extending from the outer triangle and around the set of triangles until the circular or spiral path intersects a triangle that has previously been selected for another one of the preliminary segments; and optionally rotating the selected triangles into the same plane as the initial triangle. 11. The method of claim 1 wherein:
the 3D model comprises texture data corresponding to the polygon or triangle mesh; and
generating a plurality of 2D printable segments corresponding to the plurality of preliminary segments comprises applying texture from the texture data to each of the plurality of preliminary segments. 12. The method of claim 11 wherein applying texture from the texture data to each of the plurality of preliminary segments comprises mapping texture from the texture data using UV coordinates for vertices of each polygon or triangle in the preliminary segment. 13. The method of claim 11 wherein generating a plurality of 2D printable segments corresponding to the plurality of preliminary segments comprises adding a plurality of flaps to each preliminary segment. 14. The method of claim 13 wherein one of the flaps extends from each edge of each polygon or triangle in the preliminary segment that is not connected with another polygon or triangle in the preliminary segment. 15. The method of claim 14 further comprising applying texture to each flap using the texture data at the edge of the polygon or triangle from which the flap extends. 16. The method of claim 13 further comprising adding indicia to each flap, wherein the indicia on one flap of one of the printable segments uniquely matches the indicia on one flap of another one of the printable segments to indicate that the flaps should be coupled together, and wherein the indicia optionally comprises a number and/or a letter. 17. (canceled) 18. The method of claim 1 wherein the object is or includes a head of a person. 19. The method of claim 1 wherein the plurality of printable segments comprise at least 50 segments or at least 100 segments. 20. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
providing the plurality of printable segments to a printer;
printing the plurality of printable segments to create the plurality of printed segments that correspond to the plurality of printable segments. 21. The method of claim 20 further comprising selectively coupling the printed segments to one another to form the 3D representation of the object. 22. (canceled) 23. An electronic device comprising:
a processor; and a storage medium coupled to the processor and comprising computer readable program code that when executed by the processor causes the processor to perform the method of claim 1. 24. A computer program product comprising:
a non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising computer readable program code embodied in the medium that when executed by a processor causes the processor to perform the method of claim 1. | 1,700 |
342,791 | 16,642,506 | 1,735 | Devices and methods relating stretchable electronics are disclosed. Some disclosed embodiments relate to a stretchable electronic film comprising an insulating polymer and less than 1 wt % of a semiconducting polymer. Other disclosed embodiments relate to manufacturing a multi-layered, stretchable electronic device characterized by a single peel-off step for integrating all components of the device rather than a multi-peel synthesis of the device. | 1. A stretchable film comprising:
an insulating polymer; and a semiconducting polymer; wherein the semiconducting polymer is present in an amount of from 0.1 wt % to 3 wt %; wherein the Young's Modulus of the stretchable film is at least 0.5 MPa; wherein the tensile strength of the stretchable film is at least 1.5 MPa; and wherein the break strain of the stretchable film is from 20% to 200%. 2-8. (canceled) 9. A stretchable electronic device comprising:
a semiconducting film comprising:
an insulating polymer; and
a semiconducting polymer;
a first electrode layer; a second electrode layer; and a stretchable support layer; wherein the semiconducting polymer is present in the semiconducting film in an amount of 0.1 wt % to 3 wt %. 10. The device of claim 9, wherein:
the semiconducting film has a first side and a second side; the second electrode layer has a first side and a second side; the first side of the semiconducting film is disposed proximate the first electrode layer; the first side of the second electrode is disposed proximate the second side of the semiconducting film; and the second side of the second electrode layer is disposed proximate the stretchable support layer. 11. The device of claim 10, wherein the first electrode layer comprises PEDOT:PSS-LiTFSI. 12. The device of claim 10, wherein the second electrode layer is selected from the group consisting of metal nanoparticles, nanowires, nanosheet-based electrodes (e.g. gold, silver, copper, nickel), CNT-based electrode, graphene-based electrode, carbon-based electrode, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)-bis(trifluoromethane) sulfonimide lithium salt (PEDOT:PSS-LiTFSI), and combinations thereof. 13. The device of claim 10, wherein the second electrode layer comprises PEDOT:PSS-LiTFSI. 14. The device of claim 10, wherein the stretchable support layer comprises PDMS-Ecoflex (PDMS-Eco.). 15. The device of claim 10, wherein the charge mobility of the device is at least 0.01 cm2/V·s. 16. A method for manufacturing a stretchable electronic device comprising:
depositing a film on a first electrode layer, wherein the film comprises an insulating polymer and a semiconducting polymer, and wherein the semiconducting polymer is present in the film in an amount of 0.1 wt % to 3 wt %; depositing a second electrode layer onto the film; and depositing a stretchable support layer onto the second electrode layer. 17. The method of claim 16 further comprising:
depositing an insulating polymer release layer onto a substrate;
depositing the first electrode layer onto the substrate; and
separating the deposited layers and film from the substrate;
wherein the substrate is selected from the group consisting of glass, silica, ceramic, quartz, plastic and combinations thereof. 18. The method of manufacturing the stretchable electronic device of claim 9 comprising:
depositing an insulating polymer release layer onto at least a portion of a substrate;
depositing the first electrode layer onto at least a portion of the substrate;
depositing the semiconducting film onto at least a portion of the substrate;
depositing the second electrode layer onto at least a portion of the semiconducting film;
depositing the stretchable support layer onto at least a portion of the second electrode layer; and
separating the deposited layers and semiconducting film from the substrate;
wherein at least the first electrode layer adheres to the semiconducting film; and
wherein the second electrode layer adheres to the semiconducting film and the stretchable support to form the stretchable electronic device. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the stretchable electronic device is separated from the substrate by peeling. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the insulating polymer release layer comprises PDMS. 21. The method of claim 18, wherein the semiconducting polymer is selected from the group consisting of P3HT, DPP-DTT and DPPDPyBT. 22. The method of claim 18, wherein the first electrode layer is selected from the group consisting of metal nanoparticles, nanowires, nanosheet-based electrodes (e.g. gold, silver, copper, nickel), CNT-based electrode, graphene-based electrode, carbon-based electrode, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)-bis(trifluoromethane) sulfonimide lithium salt (PEDOT:PSS-LiTFSI), and combinations thereof. 23. (canceled) 24. The method of claim 18, wherein the second electrode layer comprises PEDOT:PSS-LiTFSI. 25. The method of claim 18, wherein the stretchable support layer comprises PDMS-Eco. 26. (canceled) 27. The method of claim 18, wherein depositing the semiconducting film is selected from the group consisting of spin-coating, blade-coating, spray-coating, and roll-to-roll coating the semiconducting film onto the substrate. 28. (canceled) 29. The method of claim 18, wherein the semiconducting film is phase-separated and interpenetrating. 30. The method of claim 18, wherein work of adhesion between the stretchable support layer and the second electrode layer is higher than work of adhesion between the first electrode layer and the insulating polymer release layer, but lower than work of adhesion between the first electrode layer and the semiconducting film. | Devices and methods relating stretchable electronics are disclosed. Some disclosed embodiments relate to a stretchable electronic film comprising an insulating polymer and less than 1 wt % of a semiconducting polymer. Other disclosed embodiments relate to manufacturing a multi-layered, stretchable electronic device characterized by a single peel-off step for integrating all components of the device rather than a multi-peel synthesis of the device.1. A stretchable film comprising:
an insulating polymer; and a semiconducting polymer; wherein the semiconducting polymer is present in an amount of from 0.1 wt % to 3 wt %; wherein the Young's Modulus of the stretchable film is at least 0.5 MPa; wherein the tensile strength of the stretchable film is at least 1.5 MPa; and wherein the break strain of the stretchable film is from 20% to 200%. 2-8. (canceled) 9. A stretchable electronic device comprising:
a semiconducting film comprising:
an insulating polymer; and
a semiconducting polymer;
a first electrode layer; a second electrode layer; and a stretchable support layer; wherein the semiconducting polymer is present in the semiconducting film in an amount of 0.1 wt % to 3 wt %. 10. The device of claim 9, wherein:
the semiconducting film has a first side and a second side; the second electrode layer has a first side and a second side; the first side of the semiconducting film is disposed proximate the first electrode layer; the first side of the second electrode is disposed proximate the second side of the semiconducting film; and the second side of the second electrode layer is disposed proximate the stretchable support layer. 11. The device of claim 10, wherein the first electrode layer comprises PEDOT:PSS-LiTFSI. 12. The device of claim 10, wherein the second electrode layer is selected from the group consisting of metal nanoparticles, nanowires, nanosheet-based electrodes (e.g. gold, silver, copper, nickel), CNT-based electrode, graphene-based electrode, carbon-based electrode, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)-bis(trifluoromethane) sulfonimide lithium salt (PEDOT:PSS-LiTFSI), and combinations thereof. 13. The device of claim 10, wherein the second electrode layer comprises PEDOT:PSS-LiTFSI. 14. The device of claim 10, wherein the stretchable support layer comprises PDMS-Ecoflex (PDMS-Eco.). 15. The device of claim 10, wherein the charge mobility of the device is at least 0.01 cm2/V·s. 16. A method for manufacturing a stretchable electronic device comprising:
depositing a film on a first electrode layer, wherein the film comprises an insulating polymer and a semiconducting polymer, and wherein the semiconducting polymer is present in the film in an amount of 0.1 wt % to 3 wt %; depositing a second electrode layer onto the film; and depositing a stretchable support layer onto the second electrode layer. 17. The method of claim 16 further comprising:
depositing an insulating polymer release layer onto a substrate;
depositing the first electrode layer onto the substrate; and
separating the deposited layers and film from the substrate;
wherein the substrate is selected from the group consisting of glass, silica, ceramic, quartz, plastic and combinations thereof. 18. The method of manufacturing the stretchable electronic device of claim 9 comprising:
depositing an insulating polymer release layer onto at least a portion of a substrate;
depositing the first electrode layer onto at least a portion of the substrate;
depositing the semiconducting film onto at least a portion of the substrate;
depositing the second electrode layer onto at least a portion of the semiconducting film;
depositing the stretchable support layer onto at least a portion of the second electrode layer; and
separating the deposited layers and semiconducting film from the substrate;
wherein at least the first electrode layer adheres to the semiconducting film; and
wherein the second electrode layer adheres to the semiconducting film and the stretchable support to form the stretchable electronic device. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the stretchable electronic device is separated from the substrate by peeling. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the insulating polymer release layer comprises PDMS. 21. The method of claim 18, wherein the semiconducting polymer is selected from the group consisting of P3HT, DPP-DTT and DPPDPyBT. 22. The method of claim 18, wherein the first electrode layer is selected from the group consisting of metal nanoparticles, nanowires, nanosheet-based electrodes (e.g. gold, silver, copper, nickel), CNT-based electrode, graphene-based electrode, carbon-based electrode, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)-bis(trifluoromethane) sulfonimide lithium salt (PEDOT:PSS-LiTFSI), and combinations thereof. 23. (canceled) 24. The method of claim 18, wherein the second electrode layer comprises PEDOT:PSS-LiTFSI. 25. The method of claim 18, wherein the stretchable support layer comprises PDMS-Eco. 26. (canceled) 27. The method of claim 18, wherein depositing the semiconducting film is selected from the group consisting of spin-coating, blade-coating, spray-coating, and roll-to-roll coating the semiconducting film onto the substrate. 28. (canceled) 29. The method of claim 18, wherein the semiconducting film is phase-separated and interpenetrating. 30. The method of claim 18, wherein work of adhesion between the stretchable support layer and the second electrode layer is higher than work of adhesion between the first electrode layer and the insulating polymer release layer, but lower than work of adhesion between the first electrode layer and the semiconducting film. | 1,700 |
342,792 | 16,642,507 | 1,735 | The present invention provides a solid preparation comprising, based on 100 parts by weight of the solid preparation, a self-emulsifying composition comprising 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of dutasteride, 6 to 110 parts by weight of oil and 6 to 110 parts by weight of a surfactant, and 5 to 185 parts by weight of a coating excipient having pores accommodating the self-emulsifying composition formed in a surface thereof, and a method of manufacturing the solid preparation. | 1. A solid preparation, comprising:
based on 100 parts by weight of the solid preparation, a self-emulsifying composition comprising 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of dutasteride; 6 to 110 parts by weight of oil; and 6 to 110 parts by weight of a surfactant, and 5 to 185 parts by weight of a porous excipient, which has pores accommodating the self-emulsifying composition formed in a surface thereof and which is coated with a coating agent. 2. The solid preparation of claim 1, wherein the self-emulsifying composition further comprises at least one water-soluble polymer selected from among polyethylene glycol, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl-alcohol/polyethylene-glycol grafted copolymer. 3. The solid preparation of claim 2, wherein the self-emulsifying composition is a self-emulsifying emulsion composition of dutasteride having an average emulsion particle size of 15 to 180 nm and a size distribution of 15 to 250 nm when dispersed in an aqueous phase. 4. The solid preparation of claim 1, wherein the oil is at least one selected from among glyceryl caprylate/caprate, glycerol tricaprylate/caprate, glyceryl tricaprylate/tricaprate, propylene glycol monocaprylate, propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate, propylene glycol monolaurate and glyceryl monooleate. 5. The solid preparation of claim 1, wherein the surfactant is at least one selected from among polyoxyl castor oil and derivatives thereof, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer, Tweens, Macrogol 15 hydroxystearate and sodium dodecyl sulfate. 6. The solid preparation of claim 1, wherein the porous excipient is at least one selected from among magnesium aluminosilicate, calcium silicate, magnesium light anhydrous silicate, cellulose powder, microcrystalline cellulose, talc, silicon dioxide, lactose and calcium phosphate. 7. The solid preparation of claim 1, further comprising at least one stabilizer selected from among butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene and dibutyl hydroxytoluene. 8. The solid preparation of claim 1, wherein the solid preparation is a tablet. 9. The solid preparation of claim 1, wherein the coating agent is at least one selected from among polyethylene glycol, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl-alcohol/polyethylene-glycol grafted copolymer. 10. A method of manufacturing a solid preparation, comprising:
manufacturing a self-emulsifying composition by mixing dutasteride, oil and a surfactant; obtaining a coating excipient having pores accommodating the self-emulsifying composition formed in a surface thereof by coating a porous excipient, having pores accommodating the self-emulsifying composition formed in a surface thereof, with a coating agent; and manufacturing solid particles in which the self-emulsifying composition is accommodated in the pores in the coating excipient having pores accommodating the self-emulsifying composition formed in the surface thereof by mixing the self-emulsifying composition and the coating excipient having pores accommodating the self-emulsifying composition formed in the surface thereof. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the self-emulsifying composition contains 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of the dutasteride, 6 to 110 parts by weight of the oil and 6 to 110 parts by weight of the surfactant. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the porous excipient, which has the pores accommodating the self-emulsifying composition formed in the surface thereof and which is coated with the coating agent, is contained in an amount of 5 to 185 parts by weight. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the porous excipient is at least one selected from among magnesium aluminosilicate, calcium silicate, magnesium light anhydrous silicate, cellulose powder, microcrystalline cellulose, talc, silicon dioxide, lactose and calcium phosphate. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein the coating agent is at least one selected from among polyethylene glycol, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl-alcohol/polyethylene-glycol grafted copolymer. | The present invention provides a solid preparation comprising, based on 100 parts by weight of the solid preparation, a self-emulsifying composition comprising 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of dutasteride, 6 to 110 parts by weight of oil and 6 to 110 parts by weight of a surfactant, and 5 to 185 parts by weight of a coating excipient having pores accommodating the self-emulsifying composition formed in a surface thereof, and a method of manufacturing the solid preparation.1. A solid preparation, comprising:
based on 100 parts by weight of the solid preparation, a self-emulsifying composition comprising 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of dutasteride; 6 to 110 parts by weight of oil; and 6 to 110 parts by weight of a surfactant, and 5 to 185 parts by weight of a porous excipient, which has pores accommodating the self-emulsifying composition formed in a surface thereof and which is coated with a coating agent. 2. The solid preparation of claim 1, wherein the self-emulsifying composition further comprises at least one water-soluble polymer selected from among polyethylene glycol, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl-alcohol/polyethylene-glycol grafted copolymer. 3. The solid preparation of claim 2, wherein the self-emulsifying composition is a self-emulsifying emulsion composition of dutasteride having an average emulsion particle size of 15 to 180 nm and a size distribution of 15 to 250 nm when dispersed in an aqueous phase. 4. The solid preparation of claim 1, wherein the oil is at least one selected from among glyceryl caprylate/caprate, glycerol tricaprylate/caprate, glyceryl tricaprylate/tricaprate, propylene glycol monocaprylate, propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate, propylene glycol monolaurate and glyceryl monooleate. 5. The solid preparation of claim 1, wherein the surfactant is at least one selected from among polyoxyl castor oil and derivatives thereof, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer, Tweens, Macrogol 15 hydroxystearate and sodium dodecyl sulfate. 6. The solid preparation of claim 1, wherein the porous excipient is at least one selected from among magnesium aluminosilicate, calcium silicate, magnesium light anhydrous silicate, cellulose powder, microcrystalline cellulose, talc, silicon dioxide, lactose and calcium phosphate. 7. The solid preparation of claim 1, further comprising at least one stabilizer selected from among butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene and dibutyl hydroxytoluene. 8. The solid preparation of claim 1, wherein the solid preparation is a tablet. 9. The solid preparation of claim 1, wherein the coating agent is at least one selected from among polyethylene glycol, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl-alcohol/polyethylene-glycol grafted copolymer. 10. A method of manufacturing a solid preparation, comprising:
manufacturing a self-emulsifying composition by mixing dutasteride, oil and a surfactant; obtaining a coating excipient having pores accommodating the self-emulsifying composition formed in a surface thereof by coating a porous excipient, having pores accommodating the self-emulsifying composition formed in a surface thereof, with a coating agent; and manufacturing solid particles in which the self-emulsifying composition is accommodated in the pores in the coating excipient having pores accommodating the self-emulsifying composition formed in the surface thereof by mixing the self-emulsifying composition and the coating excipient having pores accommodating the self-emulsifying composition formed in the surface thereof. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the self-emulsifying composition contains 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of the dutasteride, 6 to 110 parts by weight of the oil and 6 to 110 parts by weight of the surfactant. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the porous excipient, which has the pores accommodating the self-emulsifying composition formed in the surface thereof and which is coated with the coating agent, is contained in an amount of 5 to 185 parts by weight. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the porous excipient is at least one selected from among magnesium aluminosilicate, calcium silicate, magnesium light anhydrous silicate, cellulose powder, microcrystalline cellulose, talc, silicon dioxide, lactose and calcium phosphate. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein the coating agent is at least one selected from among polyethylene glycol, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl-alcohol/polyethylene-glycol grafted copolymer. | 1,700 |
342,793 | 16,642,539 | 1,735 | A resin composition comprising (a) at least one resin selected from polyimides and polyimide precursors, and (b) a solvent, wherein the loss tangent (tan δ), represented by the following formula (I) and determined by a dynamic viscoelasticity measurement under the conditions of a temperature of 22° C. and an angular frequency of 10 rad/s, is 150 or more and less than 550, provides a resin composition which has no defects such as rupture of the film when the coated film is dried under reduced pressure, and has good film thickness uniformity and mechanical properties when formed into a film. | 1. A resin composition comprising (a) at least one resin selected from polyimides and polyimide precursors, and (b) a solvent, wherein the loss tangent (tan δ), represented by the following formula (I) and determined by a dynamic viscoelasticity measurement under the conditions of a temperature of 22° C. and an angular frequency of 10 rad/s, is 150 or more and less than 550;
tan δ=G″/G′ (I) 2. A resin composition comprising (a) at least one resin selected from polyimides and polyimide precursors, and (b) a solvent, wherein V and M satisfy the following formula (II) with V being the viscosity (cp) at 25° C. and M being the weight average molecular weight of the component (a);
0.3≤(M−10,000)×V 2.5×10−12≤10 (II) 3. The resin composition according to claim 2, wherein the loss tangent (tan δ), represented by the following formula (I) and determined by a dynamic viscoelasticity measurement under the conditions of a temperature of 22° C. and an angular frequency of 10 rad/s, is 150 or more and less than 550;
tan δ=G″/G′ (I) 4. The resin composition according to claim 1, wherein said (b) solvent comprises a solvent having a boiling point of 160° C. or higher and 220° C. or lower at atmospheric pressure. 5. The resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of said component (a) is 5% by weight or more and 20% by weight or less with respect to 100% by weight of said resin composition. 6. The resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the weight average molecular weight of said (a) at least one resin selected from polyimides and polyimide precursors is 20,000 or more and less than 40,000. 7. The resin composition according to claim 1, wherein said component (a) comprises a resin represented by the following general formula (1); 8. The resin composition according to claim 7, wherein said resin represented by the general formula (1) is a resin represented by the following general formula (2); 9. The resin composition according to claim 7, wherein said resin represented by the general formula (1) is a resin represented by the following general formula (3); 10. The resin composition according to claim 7, wherein X is selected from the following. 11. The resin composition according to claim 7, wherein Y is selected from the following; 12. The resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the partial pressure of dissolved oxygen in said resin composition is less than 6000 Pa. 13. A method of producing a resin film comprising the step of coating the resin composition according to claim 1 on a substrate, followed by drying under reduced pressure. 14. A method of producing an electronic device, comprising the steps of forming a resin film by the method according to claim 13, and forming an electronic device on said resin film. 15. The method of producing an electronic device according to claim 14, wherein said electronic device is an image display device, an organic EL display, or a touch panel. | A resin composition comprising (a) at least one resin selected from polyimides and polyimide precursors, and (b) a solvent, wherein the loss tangent (tan δ), represented by the following formula (I) and determined by a dynamic viscoelasticity measurement under the conditions of a temperature of 22° C. and an angular frequency of 10 rad/s, is 150 or more and less than 550, provides a resin composition which has no defects such as rupture of the film when the coated film is dried under reduced pressure, and has good film thickness uniformity and mechanical properties when formed into a film.1. A resin composition comprising (a) at least one resin selected from polyimides and polyimide precursors, and (b) a solvent, wherein the loss tangent (tan δ), represented by the following formula (I) and determined by a dynamic viscoelasticity measurement under the conditions of a temperature of 22° C. and an angular frequency of 10 rad/s, is 150 or more and less than 550;
tan δ=G″/G′ (I) 2. A resin composition comprising (a) at least one resin selected from polyimides and polyimide precursors, and (b) a solvent, wherein V and M satisfy the following formula (II) with V being the viscosity (cp) at 25° C. and M being the weight average molecular weight of the component (a);
0.3≤(M−10,000)×V 2.5×10−12≤10 (II) 3. The resin composition according to claim 2, wherein the loss tangent (tan δ), represented by the following formula (I) and determined by a dynamic viscoelasticity measurement under the conditions of a temperature of 22° C. and an angular frequency of 10 rad/s, is 150 or more and less than 550;
tan δ=G″/G′ (I) 4. The resin composition according to claim 1, wherein said (b) solvent comprises a solvent having a boiling point of 160° C. or higher and 220° C. or lower at atmospheric pressure. 5. The resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of said component (a) is 5% by weight or more and 20% by weight or less with respect to 100% by weight of said resin composition. 6. The resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the weight average molecular weight of said (a) at least one resin selected from polyimides and polyimide precursors is 20,000 or more and less than 40,000. 7. The resin composition according to claim 1, wherein said component (a) comprises a resin represented by the following general formula (1); 8. The resin composition according to claim 7, wherein said resin represented by the general formula (1) is a resin represented by the following general formula (2); 9. The resin composition according to claim 7, wherein said resin represented by the general formula (1) is a resin represented by the following general formula (3); 10. The resin composition according to claim 7, wherein X is selected from the following. 11. The resin composition according to claim 7, wherein Y is selected from the following; 12. The resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the partial pressure of dissolved oxygen in said resin composition is less than 6000 Pa. 13. A method of producing a resin film comprising the step of coating the resin composition according to claim 1 on a substrate, followed by drying under reduced pressure. 14. A method of producing an electronic device, comprising the steps of forming a resin film by the method according to claim 13, and forming an electronic device on said resin film. 15. The method of producing an electronic device according to claim 14, wherein said electronic device is an image display device, an organic EL display, or a touch panel. | 1,700 |
342,794 | 16,642,542 | 1,735 | Provided is a mounting stage on which a substrate to be subjected to a plasma process is mounted. The mounting stage includes: an electrostatic chuck configured to attract the substrate and an edge ring disposed around the substrate; and supply holes through which a heat medium is supplied to a space between the electrostatic chuck and the edge ring. A groove is provided in at least one of the edge ring and the mounting stage, and the groove is not in communication with the supply holes. | 1-6. (canceled) 7. A mounting stage on which a substrate to be subjected to a plasma process is mounted, the mounting stage comprising:
an electrostatic chuck configured to attract the substrate and an edge ring disposed around the substrate; and supply holes through which a heat medium is supplied to a space between the electrostatic chuck and the edge ring, wherein a groove is provided in at least one of the edge ring and the mounting stage, and wherein the groove is not in communication with the supply holes. 8. The mounting stage of claim 7, wherein the groove includes a first groove provided in a rear surface of the edge ring. 9. The mounting stage of claim 8, wherein the groove includes a second groove provided in a surface of the mounting stage on which the edge ring is disposed. 10. The mounting stage of claim 9, wherein the electrostatic chuck includes a first electrode configured to attract the substrate mounted on the mounting stage and a second electrode configured to attract the edge ring. 11. The mounting stage of claim 7, wherein the groove includes a second groove provided in a surface of the mounting stage on which the edge ring is disposed. 12. The mounting stage of claim 7, wherein the electrostatic chuck includes a first electrode configured to attract the substrate mounted on the mounting stage and a second electrode configured to attract the edge ring. 13. A substrate processing device comprising:
a mounting stage on which a substrate is mounted; an edge ring disposed around the substrate; an electrostatic chuck configured to attract the edge ring and the substrate; and supply holes through which a heat medium is supplied to a space between the electrostatic chuck and the edge ring, wherein a groove is provided in at least one of the edge ring and the mounting stage, and wherein the groove is not in communication with the supply holes. 14. An edge ring disposed around a substrate to be subjected to a plasma process,
wherein a groove is provided in the edge ring, and wherein the groove is not in communication with supply holes through which a heat medium is supplied to a space between the edge ring and an electrostatic chuck configured to attract the edge ring. | Provided is a mounting stage on which a substrate to be subjected to a plasma process is mounted. The mounting stage includes: an electrostatic chuck configured to attract the substrate and an edge ring disposed around the substrate; and supply holes through which a heat medium is supplied to a space between the electrostatic chuck and the edge ring. A groove is provided in at least one of the edge ring and the mounting stage, and the groove is not in communication with the supply holes.1-6. (canceled) 7. A mounting stage on which a substrate to be subjected to a plasma process is mounted, the mounting stage comprising:
an electrostatic chuck configured to attract the substrate and an edge ring disposed around the substrate; and supply holes through which a heat medium is supplied to a space between the electrostatic chuck and the edge ring, wherein a groove is provided in at least one of the edge ring and the mounting stage, and wherein the groove is not in communication with the supply holes. 8. The mounting stage of claim 7, wherein the groove includes a first groove provided in a rear surface of the edge ring. 9. The mounting stage of claim 8, wherein the groove includes a second groove provided in a surface of the mounting stage on which the edge ring is disposed. 10. The mounting stage of claim 9, wherein the electrostatic chuck includes a first electrode configured to attract the substrate mounted on the mounting stage and a second electrode configured to attract the edge ring. 11. The mounting stage of claim 7, wherein the groove includes a second groove provided in a surface of the mounting stage on which the edge ring is disposed. 12. The mounting stage of claim 7, wherein the electrostatic chuck includes a first electrode configured to attract the substrate mounted on the mounting stage and a second electrode configured to attract the edge ring. 13. A substrate processing device comprising:
a mounting stage on which a substrate is mounted; an edge ring disposed around the substrate; an electrostatic chuck configured to attract the edge ring and the substrate; and supply holes through which a heat medium is supplied to a space between the electrostatic chuck and the edge ring, wherein a groove is provided in at least one of the edge ring and the mounting stage, and wherein the groove is not in communication with the supply holes. 14. An edge ring disposed around a substrate to be subjected to a plasma process,
wherein a groove is provided in the edge ring, and wherein the groove is not in communication with supply holes through which a heat medium is supplied to a space between the edge ring and an electrostatic chuck configured to attract the edge ring. | 1,700 |
342,795 | 16,642,537 | 1,735 | An object of the present disclosure is to provide a high-endurance and long-life nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery including a battery case having sealing performance unlikely to be degraded. A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes a closed-end cylindrical outer can, a sealing body that closes an opening of the outer can, a resin gasket disposed between the outer can and the sealing body, a sealing member interposed between the outer can and the gasket, and a nonaqueous electrolyte. The sealing member has a multilayer structure including a first sealing member layer, the main constituent of which is one selected from butadiene rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber, chloroprene rubber, and isoprene rubber, and a second sealing member layer, the main constituent of which is one selected from ethylene propylene rubber, ethylene propylene diene rubber, and fluoro rubber. | 1. A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising a closed-end cylindrical outer can, a sealing body that closes an opening of the outer can, a resin gasket disposed between the outer can and the sealing body, a sealing member interposed between the outer can and the gasket, and a nonaqueous electrolyte,
wherein the sealing member has a multilayer structure including: a first sealing member layer, a main constituent of which is one selected from butadiene rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber, chloroprene rubber, and isoprene rubber and a second sealing member layer, a main constituent of which is one selected from ethylene propylene rubber, ethylene propylene diene rubber, and fluoro rubber. 2. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1,
wherein the main constituent of the first sealing member layer is butadiene rubber, and the main constituent of the second sealing member layer is ethylene propylene diene rubber. 3. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the sealing member has a multilayer structure in which the first sealing member layer and the second sealing member layer are sequentially disposed from an outer-can side. 4. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the sealing member has a multilayer structure in which the second sealing member layer and the first sealing member layer are sequentially disposed from an outer-can side. 5. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1,
wherein, regarding a surface of the first sealing member layer, an entire surface on which the second sealing member layer is stacked is covered with the second sealing member layer. 6. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the nonaqueous electrolyte contains at least fluoroethylene carbonate. | An object of the present disclosure is to provide a high-endurance and long-life nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery including a battery case having sealing performance unlikely to be degraded. A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes a closed-end cylindrical outer can, a sealing body that closes an opening of the outer can, a resin gasket disposed between the outer can and the sealing body, a sealing member interposed between the outer can and the gasket, and a nonaqueous electrolyte. The sealing member has a multilayer structure including a first sealing member layer, the main constituent of which is one selected from butadiene rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber, chloroprene rubber, and isoprene rubber, and a second sealing member layer, the main constituent of which is one selected from ethylene propylene rubber, ethylene propylene diene rubber, and fluoro rubber.1. A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising a closed-end cylindrical outer can, a sealing body that closes an opening of the outer can, a resin gasket disposed between the outer can and the sealing body, a sealing member interposed between the outer can and the gasket, and a nonaqueous electrolyte,
wherein the sealing member has a multilayer structure including: a first sealing member layer, a main constituent of which is one selected from butadiene rubber, urethane rubber, silicone rubber, chloroprene rubber, and isoprene rubber and a second sealing member layer, a main constituent of which is one selected from ethylene propylene rubber, ethylene propylene diene rubber, and fluoro rubber. 2. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1,
wherein the main constituent of the first sealing member layer is butadiene rubber, and the main constituent of the second sealing member layer is ethylene propylene diene rubber. 3. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the sealing member has a multilayer structure in which the first sealing member layer and the second sealing member layer are sequentially disposed from an outer-can side. 4. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the sealing member has a multilayer structure in which the second sealing member layer and the first sealing member layer are sequentially disposed from an outer-can side. 5. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1,
wherein, regarding a surface of the first sealing member layer, an entire surface on which the second sealing member layer is stacked is covered with the second sealing member layer. 6. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the nonaqueous electrolyte contains at least fluoroethylene carbonate. | 1,700 |
342,796 | 16,642,519 | 1,735 | The invention relates to a measuring and mixing device including a cartridge holder (1) and a cartridge (2), a flat, at least form-fit connection being mounted between the cartridge and the cartridge holder. The invention also relates to a method for coating substrates with two or multi-component coating agents, in which the measuring and mixing device is used. | 1. A metering and mixing device comprising:
i. a cartridge holder comprising (a) a receiving container for multichamber cartridges, and (b) a compressed air connection and a connection for an application device, and ii. a multichamber cartridge inserted into the cartridge holder according to i., wherein said multichamber cartridge comprises the following sections: an upper section, comprising a directional control valve; a central section, a center of which is designed as a space which is extended in a direction of a longitudinal axis of the multichamber cartridge and is fitted with static mixing elements, and the space is surrounded by at least two chambers, wherein the chambers are arranged so as to be extended in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the multichamber cartridge, and adjacent chambers are separated from one another by a common partition wall, and each chamber is connected to the upper section by in each case at least one opening; and a lower section, which comprises a piston for each of the at least two chambers, wherein the pistons close off the at least two chambers leaktightly from below and are connected to one another by cutting devices, and the cutting devices are arranged in such a way that they are capable of severing the common partition wall of respective adjacent chambers when the pistons are moved in a direction of the upper section, wherein the multichamber cartridge and the cartridge holder have mutually complementary means for production of a reversible joint-type connection between the multichamber cartridge and the cartridge holder, and wherein a surface-to-surface, at least positive connection including an entire circumference of the multichamber cartridge, which extends over a partial region of the upper section and/or at least a partial region of the lower section and/or only a partial region of the central section of the multichamber cartridge, furthermore exists between the multichamber cartridge and the cartridge holder in a closed state of the reversible joint-type connection. 2. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the multichamber cartridge is embodied as a coaxial cartridge and comprises the following sections:
the upper section, comprising a directional control valve; the central section, the center of which is designed, in the direction of the longitudinal axis, as an extended space fitted with static mixing elements, and the space is surrounded by at least two chambers, wherein the at least two chambers are arranged so as to be extended in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the multichamber cartridge and are arranged coaxially with respect to one another and with respect to the space, and adjacent chambers are separated from one another by a common partition wall, and each chamber is connected to the upper section by in each case at least one opening; and the lower section, which comprises a piston for each of the at least two chambers, wherein the pistons close off the at least two chambers leaktightly from below and are connected to one another by cutting devices, and the cutting devices are arranged in such a way that they are capable of severing the common partition wall of respective adjacent chambers when the pistons are moved in the direction of the upper section. 3. The metering and mixing device according to claim 2, wherein the coaxial cartridge has a tubular space and the at least two chambers, and the space and the chambers are formed by a coaxial arrangement of three tubes, wherein an inner tube surrounds the tubular space, an outer surface of the inner tube and an inner surface of a central tube form a first chamber of the at least two chambers, which is closed off in a direction of the lower section by a first piston and is closed off in the direction of the upper section by the at least one opening leading to the upper section, and an outer surface of the central tube and an inner surface of an outer tube form a second chamber of the at least two chambers, which is closed off in the direction of the lower section by a second piston and is closed off in the direction of the upper section by the at least one opening leading to the upper section. 4. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the space also extends through the lower section of the multichamber cartridge and has a fluid-carrying connection to the connection. 5. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the cutting devices are embodied in a form of wedge-shaped gaps. 6. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein a premixing chamber is integrated into the directional control valve. 7. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the central section of the multichamber cartridge accounts for at least 60%, of a total length of the multichamber cartridge. 8. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the receiving container of the cartridge holder is designed as a receiving shell, and the cartridge holder thus only partially covers the multichamber cartridge arranged therein. 9. The metering and mixing device according to claim 8, wherein the cartridge holder covers only the lower section or the lower section and a lower partial region of the central section of the multichamber cartridge. 10. The metering and mixing device according to claim 8, wherein the means for producing the reversible joint-type connection are arranged in such a way that, relative to the cartridge, at least one joint is set up in a lower partial region of the central section thereof and/or an upper partial region of the lower section thereof. 11. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the cartridge has a label on a large-area outer wall thereof. 12. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the surface-to-surface, at least positive connection including the entire circumference of the cartridge extends over an upper partial region of the lower section of the cartridge and/or a lower partial region of the central section. 13. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein a surface of the surface-to-surface, at least positive connection including the entire circumference of the cartridge extends over no more than 30%, of the total length of the cartridge. 14. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the surface-to-surface, at least positive connection including the entire circumference of the cartridge is at least in part both positive and nonpositive. 15. A method for delivering, metering and mixing two or more components, characterized in that the metering and mixing device according claim 1 is used to carry out the method. 16. A method for coating substrates with two- or multicomponent coating media, characterized in that, to apply a coating, the metering and mixing device according to claim 1 is connected to a paint spray gun, two or more components are delivered pneumatically into the upper section of the metering and mixing device and delivered in an opposite direction through the static mixing elements, being mixed in the process, and a resulting homogeneous mixture of the two or more components is then fed to the paint spray gun and applied via the paint spray gun to the substrate. 17. The method according to claim 16, wherein application is interrupted once or several times, the multichamber cartridge is cleaned during interruption of the application, and the application is continued after cleaning of the multichamber cartridge, using the same multichamber cartridge or a different multichamber cartridge of identical construction. | The invention relates to a measuring and mixing device including a cartridge holder (1) and a cartridge (2), a flat, at least form-fit connection being mounted between the cartridge and the cartridge holder. The invention also relates to a method for coating substrates with two or multi-component coating agents, in which the measuring and mixing device is used.1. A metering and mixing device comprising:
i. a cartridge holder comprising (a) a receiving container for multichamber cartridges, and (b) a compressed air connection and a connection for an application device, and ii. a multichamber cartridge inserted into the cartridge holder according to i., wherein said multichamber cartridge comprises the following sections: an upper section, comprising a directional control valve; a central section, a center of which is designed as a space which is extended in a direction of a longitudinal axis of the multichamber cartridge and is fitted with static mixing elements, and the space is surrounded by at least two chambers, wherein the chambers are arranged so as to be extended in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the multichamber cartridge, and adjacent chambers are separated from one another by a common partition wall, and each chamber is connected to the upper section by in each case at least one opening; and a lower section, which comprises a piston for each of the at least two chambers, wherein the pistons close off the at least two chambers leaktightly from below and are connected to one another by cutting devices, and the cutting devices are arranged in such a way that they are capable of severing the common partition wall of respective adjacent chambers when the pistons are moved in a direction of the upper section, wherein the multichamber cartridge and the cartridge holder have mutually complementary means for production of a reversible joint-type connection between the multichamber cartridge and the cartridge holder, and wherein a surface-to-surface, at least positive connection including an entire circumference of the multichamber cartridge, which extends over a partial region of the upper section and/or at least a partial region of the lower section and/or only a partial region of the central section of the multichamber cartridge, furthermore exists between the multichamber cartridge and the cartridge holder in a closed state of the reversible joint-type connection. 2. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the multichamber cartridge is embodied as a coaxial cartridge and comprises the following sections:
the upper section, comprising a directional control valve; the central section, the center of which is designed, in the direction of the longitudinal axis, as an extended space fitted with static mixing elements, and the space is surrounded by at least two chambers, wherein the at least two chambers are arranged so as to be extended in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the multichamber cartridge and are arranged coaxially with respect to one another and with respect to the space, and adjacent chambers are separated from one another by a common partition wall, and each chamber is connected to the upper section by in each case at least one opening; and the lower section, which comprises a piston for each of the at least two chambers, wherein the pistons close off the at least two chambers leaktightly from below and are connected to one another by cutting devices, and the cutting devices are arranged in such a way that they are capable of severing the common partition wall of respective adjacent chambers when the pistons are moved in the direction of the upper section. 3. The metering and mixing device according to claim 2, wherein the coaxial cartridge has a tubular space and the at least two chambers, and the space and the chambers are formed by a coaxial arrangement of three tubes, wherein an inner tube surrounds the tubular space, an outer surface of the inner tube and an inner surface of a central tube form a first chamber of the at least two chambers, which is closed off in a direction of the lower section by a first piston and is closed off in the direction of the upper section by the at least one opening leading to the upper section, and an outer surface of the central tube and an inner surface of an outer tube form a second chamber of the at least two chambers, which is closed off in the direction of the lower section by a second piston and is closed off in the direction of the upper section by the at least one opening leading to the upper section. 4. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the space also extends through the lower section of the multichamber cartridge and has a fluid-carrying connection to the connection. 5. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the cutting devices are embodied in a form of wedge-shaped gaps. 6. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein a premixing chamber is integrated into the directional control valve. 7. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the central section of the multichamber cartridge accounts for at least 60%, of a total length of the multichamber cartridge. 8. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the receiving container of the cartridge holder is designed as a receiving shell, and the cartridge holder thus only partially covers the multichamber cartridge arranged therein. 9. The metering and mixing device according to claim 8, wherein the cartridge holder covers only the lower section or the lower section and a lower partial region of the central section of the multichamber cartridge. 10. The metering and mixing device according to claim 8, wherein the means for producing the reversible joint-type connection are arranged in such a way that, relative to the cartridge, at least one joint is set up in a lower partial region of the central section thereof and/or an upper partial region of the lower section thereof. 11. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the cartridge has a label on a large-area outer wall thereof. 12. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the surface-to-surface, at least positive connection including the entire circumference of the cartridge extends over an upper partial region of the lower section of the cartridge and/or a lower partial region of the central section. 13. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein a surface of the surface-to-surface, at least positive connection including the entire circumference of the cartridge extends over no more than 30%, of the total length of the cartridge. 14. The metering and mixing device according to claim 1, wherein the surface-to-surface, at least positive connection including the entire circumference of the cartridge is at least in part both positive and nonpositive. 15. A method for delivering, metering and mixing two or more components, characterized in that the metering and mixing device according claim 1 is used to carry out the method. 16. A method for coating substrates with two- or multicomponent coating media, characterized in that, to apply a coating, the metering and mixing device according to claim 1 is connected to a paint spray gun, two or more components are delivered pneumatically into the upper section of the metering and mixing device and delivered in an opposite direction through the static mixing elements, being mixed in the process, and a resulting homogeneous mixture of the two or more components is then fed to the paint spray gun and applied via the paint spray gun to the substrate. 17. The method according to claim 16, wherein application is interrupted once or several times, the multichamber cartridge is cleaned during interruption of the application, and the application is continued after cleaning of the multichamber cartridge, using the same multichamber cartridge or a different multichamber cartridge of identical construction. | 1,700 |
342,797 | 16,642,516 | 1,735 | Provided is a tire structure technology with which sufficient reading performance can be maintained even when a tire having an electronic component provided therein is caused to travel at high speed with severe handling. A pneumatic tire in which an electronic component is provided farther outward in a tire axial direction than a carcass, and in which the E*(1)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(1)150° C. at 150° C. of a first rubber member, and the E*(2)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(2)150° C. at 150° C. of a second rubber member, satisfy the following formula, where the first rubber member is a tire rubber member that has the greatest E* at 50° C. among tire rubber members positioned inward from the electronic component in the tire axial direction, and the second rubber member is a tire rubber member that has the greatest E* at 50° C. among tire rubber members positioned outward from the electronic component in the tire axial direction. | 1-6. (canceled) 7. A pneumatic tire provided with an electronic component at a position outer side of the carcass in the tire axial direction, wherein:
E*(1)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member having the largest E*(50° C.) at 50° C. among rubber members for a tire located inward in the tire axial direction from a position where the electronic component is provided, and E*(2)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member having the largest E*(50° C.) at 50° C. among rubber members for a tire located outward in the tire axial direction from a position where the electronic component is provided, satisfy E*(1)50° C. is larger E*(2)50° C., and satisfy the following formula:
(E*(1)50° C. /E*(2)50° C.)−(E*(1)150° C. /E*(2)150° C.)≥1.0. 8. The pneumatic tire according to claim 7, wherein E*(1)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and E*(2)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(E*(1)50° C. /E*(2)50° C.)−(E*(1)150° C. /E*(2)150° C.)≥3.0. 9. The pneumatic tire according to claim 8, wherein E*(1)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and E*(2)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(E*(1)50° C. /E*(2)50° C.)−(E*(1)150° C. /E*(2)150° C.)≥3.0. 10. The pneumatic tire according to claim 9, wherein E*(1)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and E*(2)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(E*(1)50° C. /E*(2)50° C.)−(E*(1)150° C. /E*(2)150° C.)≥4.0. 11. The pneumatic tire according to claim 10, wherein E*(1)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and E*(2)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(E*(1)50° C. /E*(2)50° C.)−(E*(1)150° C. /E*(2)150° C.)≥5.0. 12. The pneumatic tire according to claim 7, wherein E*(1)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and E*(2)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(E*(1)50° C. /E*(2)50° C.)−(E*(1)150° C. /E*(2)150° C.)≥8. 13. The pneumatic tire according to claim 12, wherein E*(1)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and E*(2)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(E*(1)50° C. /E*(2)50° C.)−(E*(1)150° C. /E*(2)150° C.)≥7. 14. The pneumatic tire according to claim 7, wherein the electronic component is located outer side of the carcass in the tire axial direction in the cross-sectional view, and is embedded at a position of 20 to 80% from the bottom of bead core with respect to the distance from the position of the maximum tire width to the bottom of bead core in the equatorial direction. 15. The pneumatic tire according to claim 7, wherein the electronic component is a RFID. | Provided is a tire structure technology with which sufficient reading performance can be maintained even when a tire having an electronic component provided therein is caused to travel at high speed with severe handling. A pneumatic tire in which an electronic component is provided farther outward in a tire axial direction than a carcass, and in which the E*(1)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(1)150° C. at 150° C. of a first rubber member, and the E*(2)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(2)150° C. at 150° C. of a second rubber member, satisfy the following formula, where the first rubber member is a tire rubber member that has the greatest E* at 50° C. among tire rubber members positioned inward from the electronic component in the tire axial direction, and the second rubber member is a tire rubber member that has the greatest E* at 50° C. among tire rubber members positioned outward from the electronic component in the tire axial direction.1-6. (canceled) 7. A pneumatic tire provided with an electronic component at a position outer side of the carcass in the tire axial direction, wherein:
E*(1)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member having the largest E*(50° C.) at 50° C. among rubber members for a tire located inward in the tire axial direction from a position where the electronic component is provided, and E*(2)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member having the largest E*(50° C.) at 50° C. among rubber members for a tire located outward in the tire axial direction from a position where the electronic component is provided, satisfy E*(1)50° C. is larger E*(2)50° C., and satisfy the following formula:
(E*(1)50° C. /E*(2)50° C.)−(E*(1)150° C. /E*(2)150° C.)≥1.0. 8. The pneumatic tire according to claim 7, wherein E*(1)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and E*(2)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(E*(1)50° C. /E*(2)50° C.)−(E*(1)150° C. /E*(2)150° C.)≥3.0. 9. The pneumatic tire according to claim 8, wherein E*(1)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and E*(2)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(E*(1)50° C. /E*(2)50° C.)−(E*(1)150° C. /E*(2)150° C.)≥3.0. 10. The pneumatic tire according to claim 9, wherein E*(1)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and E*(2)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(E*(1)50° C. /E*(2)50° C.)−(E*(1)150° C. /E*(2)150° C.)≥4.0. 11. The pneumatic tire according to claim 10, wherein E*(1)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and E*(2)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(E*(1)50° C. /E*(2)50° C.)−(E*(1)150° C. /E*(2)150° C.)≥5.0. 12. The pneumatic tire according to claim 7, wherein E*(1)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and E*(2)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(E*(1)50° C. /E*(2)50° C.)−(E*(1)150° C. /E*(2)150° C.)≥8. 13. The pneumatic tire according to claim 12, wherein E*(1)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(1)150° C. at 150° C. of the first rubber member and E*(2)50° C. at 50° C. and E*(2)150° C. at 150° C. of the second rubber member satisfy the following formula:
(E*(1)50° C. /E*(2)50° C.)−(E*(1)150° C. /E*(2)150° C.)≥7. 14. The pneumatic tire according to claim 7, wherein the electronic component is located outer side of the carcass in the tire axial direction in the cross-sectional view, and is embedded at a position of 20 to 80% from the bottom of bead core with respect to the distance from the position of the maximum tire width to the bottom of bead core in the equatorial direction. 15. The pneumatic tire according to claim 7, wherein the electronic component is a RFID. | 1,700 |
342,798 | 16,642,525 | 1,735 | Embodiments of the present disclosure describe a metal-organic framework (MOF) composition comprising a plurality of metal clusters, wherein the metal is chromium; and one or more tetratopic ligands; wherein the metal clusters and ligands associate to form a MOF with soc topology. A method of making a MOF comprising contacting a template MOF of formula Fe-soc-MOF and a reactant including chromium in a presence of dimethylformamide sufficient to replace Fe with Cr and form an exchanged MOF of formula Cr-soc-MOF. A method of sorbing water vapor comprising exposing a Cr-soc-MOF to an environment; and sorbing water vapor using the Cr-soc-MOF. | 1. A method of sorbing water vapor, comprising:
exposing a Cr-soc-MOF to an environment; and sorbing water vapor using the Cr-soc-MOF. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein
the Cr-soc-MOF adsorbs water vapor as a relative humidity of the environment increases. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the Cr-soc-MOF desorbs water vapor as a relative humidity of the environment decreases. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein a working capacity of the Cr-soc-MOF is between about 35% RH and about 65% RH. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein a mass of adsorbed water is about two times a weight of the Cr-soc-MOF. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein a temperature of the environment is about room temperature. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein adsorbed water vapor is nearly completely desorbed by reducing relative humidity to about 25% RH. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein adsorbed water vapor is nearly completely desorbed by reducing relative humidity without heating and/or applying evacuation. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the Cr-soc-MOF is stable over at least about 100 adsorption/desorption cycles. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the environment is a confined or nearly confined space. 11. A metal-organic framework composition, comprising:
a plurality of metal clusters, wherein the metal is chromium; and one or more tetratopic ligands; wherein the metal clusters and ligands associate to form a metal-organic framework with soc topology. 12. The composition of claim 11, wherein the one or more tetratopic ligands are characterized by the chemical formula: 13. The composition of claim 11, wherein the one or more tetratopic ligands include H4TCPT. 14. The composition of claim 11, wherein the metal-organic framework includes at least about 90% chromium. 15. The composition of claim 11, wherein an oxidation state of chromium is (+III). 16. The composition of claim 11, further comprising one or more of a counterion and guest solvent. 17. The composition of claim 11, wherein the counteranion is Cl−. 18. A method of making a metal-organic framework (MOF), comprising:
contacting a template MOF of formula Fe-soc-MOF and a reactant including chromium in a presence of dimethylformamide (DMF) sufficient to replace Fe with Cr and form an exchanged MOF of formula Cr-soc-MOF. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the exchanged MOF is one or more of isostructural and isoreticular with the template MOF. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the exchanged MOF includes at least about 90% of chromium. | Embodiments of the present disclosure describe a metal-organic framework (MOF) composition comprising a plurality of metal clusters, wherein the metal is chromium; and one or more tetratopic ligands; wherein the metal clusters and ligands associate to form a MOF with soc topology. A method of making a MOF comprising contacting a template MOF of formula Fe-soc-MOF and a reactant including chromium in a presence of dimethylformamide sufficient to replace Fe with Cr and form an exchanged MOF of formula Cr-soc-MOF. A method of sorbing water vapor comprising exposing a Cr-soc-MOF to an environment; and sorbing water vapor using the Cr-soc-MOF.1. A method of sorbing water vapor, comprising:
exposing a Cr-soc-MOF to an environment; and sorbing water vapor using the Cr-soc-MOF. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein
the Cr-soc-MOF adsorbs water vapor as a relative humidity of the environment increases. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the Cr-soc-MOF desorbs water vapor as a relative humidity of the environment decreases. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein a working capacity of the Cr-soc-MOF is between about 35% RH and about 65% RH. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein a mass of adsorbed water is about two times a weight of the Cr-soc-MOF. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein a temperature of the environment is about room temperature. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein adsorbed water vapor is nearly completely desorbed by reducing relative humidity to about 25% RH. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein adsorbed water vapor is nearly completely desorbed by reducing relative humidity without heating and/or applying evacuation. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the Cr-soc-MOF is stable over at least about 100 adsorption/desorption cycles. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the environment is a confined or nearly confined space. 11. A metal-organic framework composition, comprising:
a plurality of metal clusters, wherein the metal is chromium; and one or more tetratopic ligands; wherein the metal clusters and ligands associate to form a metal-organic framework with soc topology. 12. The composition of claim 11, wherein the one or more tetratopic ligands are characterized by the chemical formula: 13. The composition of claim 11, wherein the one or more tetratopic ligands include H4TCPT. 14. The composition of claim 11, wherein the metal-organic framework includes at least about 90% chromium. 15. The composition of claim 11, wherein an oxidation state of chromium is (+III). 16. The composition of claim 11, further comprising one or more of a counterion and guest solvent. 17. The composition of claim 11, wherein the counteranion is Cl−. 18. A method of making a metal-organic framework (MOF), comprising:
contacting a template MOF of formula Fe-soc-MOF and a reactant including chromium in a presence of dimethylformamide (DMF) sufficient to replace Fe with Cr and form an exchanged MOF of formula Cr-soc-MOF. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the exchanged MOF is one or more of isostructural and isoreticular with the template MOF. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the exchanged MOF includes at least about 90% of chromium. | 1,700 |
342,799 | 16,642,540 | 1,735 | Provided is a tire manufacturing feature in which, even when an electronic component is disposed on a side wall portion in order to secure sufficient communication performance, damage to the tire or to the electronic component is avoided. A pneumatic tire in which an electronic component is disposed in the interior thereof, wherein a protective layer for reinforcing a side wall is provided at a position on the inside of a carcass and on the outside of an inner liner with respect to the tire axial direction, the protective layer has higher rigidity and lower heat generating properties than the side wall, and the electronic component is disposed between the carcass and the protective layer. | 1-8. (canceled) 9. A pneumatic tire in which an electronic component is disposed, wherein
a protective layer for protecting the electronic component is provided at a position located at an inner side than the carcass and at an outer side than the inner liner in the axial direction of the tire, and at a position overlapping the sidewall portion in the tire radial direction; the protective layer has higher rigidity and lower heat generation compared to the sidewall; and the electronic component is disposed between the carcass and the protective layer. 10. The pneumatic tire according to claim 9, wherein E* (1) of the protective layer at 70° C. and E* (2) of the sidewall at 70° C. satisfy the following formula:
3 MPa≤E*(1)−E*(2). 11. The pneumatic tire according to claim 10, wherein E* (1) of the protective layer at 70° C. and E* (2) of the sidewall at 70° C. satisfy the following formula:
4 MPa≤E*(1)−E*(2). 12. The pneumatic tire according to claim 11, wherein E* (1) of the protective layer at 70° C. and E* (2) of the sidewall at 70° C. satisfy the following formula:
5 MPa≤E*(1)−E*(2). 13. The pneumatic tire according to claim 9, wherein E* (1) of the protective layer at 70° C. and E* (2) of the sidewall at 70° C. satisfy the following formula:
20 MPa≥E*(1)−E*(2). 14. The pneumatic tire according to claim 13, wherein E* (1) of the protective layer at 70° C. and E* (2) of the sidewall at 70° C. satisfy the following formula:
15 MPa≥E*(1)−E*(2). 15. The pneumatic tire according to claim 9, wherein tan δ (1) of the protective layer at 70° C. and tan δ (2) of the sidewall at 70° C. satisfy the following formula:
tan δ(1)+tan δ(2)≤0.25. 16. The pneumatic tire according to claim 15, wherein tan δ (1) of the protective layer at 70° C. and tan δ (2) of the sidewall at 70° C. satisfy the following formula:
tan δ(1)+tan δ(2)≤0.20. 17. The pneumatic tire according to claim 16, wherein tan δ (1) of the protective layer at 70° C. and tan δ (2) of the sidewall at 70° C. satisfy the following formula:
tan δ(1)+tan δ(2)≤0.15. 18. The pneumatic tire according to claim 9, wherein tan δ (1) of the protective layer at 70° C. and tan δ (2) of the sidewall at 70° C. satisfy the following formula:
tan δ(1)+tan δ(2)≥0.07. 19. The pneumatic tire according to claim 18, wherein tan δ (1) of the protective layer at 70° C. and tan δ (2) of the sidewall at 70° C. satisfy the following formula:
tan δ(1)+tan δ(2)≥0.10. 20. The pneumatic tire according to claim 9, wherein the electronic component is embedded at a position of ±70%, above or below around the position of the maximum tire width, with respect to the distance from the position of the maximum tire width to the bottom of bead core in the equatorial direction in the cross-sectional view of tire. 21. The pneumatic tire according to claim 9, wherein the electronic component is a RFID. | Provided is a tire manufacturing feature in which, even when an electronic component is disposed on a side wall portion in order to secure sufficient communication performance, damage to the tire or to the electronic component is avoided. A pneumatic tire in which an electronic component is disposed in the interior thereof, wherein a protective layer for reinforcing a side wall is provided at a position on the inside of a carcass and on the outside of an inner liner with respect to the tire axial direction, the protective layer has higher rigidity and lower heat generating properties than the side wall, and the electronic component is disposed between the carcass and the protective layer.1-8. (canceled) 9. A pneumatic tire in which an electronic component is disposed, wherein
a protective layer for protecting the electronic component is provided at a position located at an inner side than the carcass and at an outer side than the inner liner in the axial direction of the tire, and at a position overlapping the sidewall portion in the tire radial direction; the protective layer has higher rigidity and lower heat generation compared to the sidewall; and the electronic component is disposed between the carcass and the protective layer. 10. The pneumatic tire according to claim 9, wherein E* (1) of the protective layer at 70° C. and E* (2) of the sidewall at 70° C. satisfy the following formula:
3 MPa≤E*(1)−E*(2). 11. The pneumatic tire according to claim 10, wherein E* (1) of the protective layer at 70° C. and E* (2) of the sidewall at 70° C. satisfy the following formula:
4 MPa≤E*(1)−E*(2). 12. The pneumatic tire according to claim 11, wherein E* (1) of the protective layer at 70° C. and E* (2) of the sidewall at 70° C. satisfy the following formula:
5 MPa≤E*(1)−E*(2). 13. The pneumatic tire according to claim 9, wherein E* (1) of the protective layer at 70° C. and E* (2) of the sidewall at 70° C. satisfy the following formula:
20 MPa≥E*(1)−E*(2). 14. The pneumatic tire according to claim 13, wherein E* (1) of the protective layer at 70° C. and E* (2) of the sidewall at 70° C. satisfy the following formula:
15 MPa≥E*(1)−E*(2). 15. The pneumatic tire according to claim 9, wherein tan δ (1) of the protective layer at 70° C. and tan δ (2) of the sidewall at 70° C. satisfy the following formula:
tan δ(1)+tan δ(2)≤0.25. 16. The pneumatic tire according to claim 15, wherein tan δ (1) of the protective layer at 70° C. and tan δ (2) of the sidewall at 70° C. satisfy the following formula:
tan δ(1)+tan δ(2)≤0.20. 17. The pneumatic tire according to claim 16, wherein tan δ (1) of the protective layer at 70° C. and tan δ (2) of the sidewall at 70° C. satisfy the following formula:
tan δ(1)+tan δ(2)≤0.15. 18. The pneumatic tire according to claim 9, wherein tan δ (1) of the protective layer at 70° C. and tan δ (2) of the sidewall at 70° C. satisfy the following formula:
tan δ(1)+tan δ(2)≥0.07. 19. The pneumatic tire according to claim 18, wherein tan δ (1) of the protective layer at 70° C. and tan δ (2) of the sidewall at 70° C. satisfy the following formula:
tan δ(1)+tan δ(2)≥0.10. 20. The pneumatic tire according to claim 9, wherein the electronic component is embedded at a position of ±70%, above or below around the position of the maximum tire width, with respect to the distance from the position of the maximum tire width to the bottom of bead core in the equatorial direction in the cross-sectional view of tire. 21. The pneumatic tire according to claim 9, wherein the electronic component is a RFID. | 1,700 |
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