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340,600 | 16,642,031 | 1,777 | An ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating for a cutting tool is provided. The ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coaling has gradient Si content and grain size, including sequentially an AlCrSiN working layer, an interlayer and an AlCrN bottom layer in order from a surface of the coating to a substrate, wherein from the AlCrN bottom layer to the AlCrSiN working layer, Si content in the interlayer is gradually increased, and the interlayer has a texture that changes from coarse columnar crystals to fine nanocrystals and amorphous body. A texture of the coating, in which the grain size is gradually decreased, sequentially includes coarse columnar crystals, fine columnar crystals and fine equiaxed crystals. A method for preparing the ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating with the gradient Si content and grain size is provided as well as a cutting tool having the coating deposited thereon. | 1. An ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating with a gradient Si content and a gradient grain size, comprising sequentially an AlCrSiN working layer, an interlayer and an AlCrN bottom layer in order from a surface of the ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating to a substrate, wherein from the AlCrN bottom layer to the AlCrSiN working layer, the Si content in the interlayer is gradually increased, and the interlayer comprises a texture changing from coarse columnar crystals to fine nanocrystals and amorphous body, the texture sequentially comprises coarse columnar crystals, fine columnar crystals and fine equiaxed crystals, the grain size of the interlayer is gradually decreased, in the interlayer, the Si content is gradually increased from 1 wt. % to 5 wt. %, and the grain size is gradually decreased from 60 nm to 20 nm. 2. (canceled) 3. The ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating with the gradient Si content and the gradient grain size according to claim 1, wherein Cr in the ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating is completely or partially replaced by Ti to obtain an AlTiSiN coating or an AlCrTiSiN coating. 4. The ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating with the gradient Si content and the gradient grain size according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is subjected to an etching and cleaning in advance, comprising the steps of:
evacuating vacuum oven for a multi-arc ion plating to 2.0×10−4 Pa, and then introducing Ar gas to the vacuum oven to adjust a pressure of the vacuum oven to 4.0 Pa and heating the vacuum oven to 450° C., turning on a cleaning Ti target, and then turning on an anode target, so as to form positive and negative electrodes with the cleaning Ti target to achieve a traction of electron motion, allowing electrons to collide with the Ar gas to generate Ar+, and then controlling a negative bias voltage to −200 V, thereby attracting the Ar+ to perform an ion bombardment on a surface of the substrate for a bombardment time of 45 min. 5. The ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating with the gradient Si content and the gradient grain size according to claim 1, wherein the ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating has a coefficient of friction of 0.36-0.40 at room temperature. 6. The ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating with the gradient Si content and the grain size according to claim 1, wherein the ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating has a microhardness greater than 3800 HK. 7. A method for preparing the ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating with the gradient Si content and the gradient grain size according to claim 1, wherein the AlCrSiN coating is deposited by the steps of:
(1) evacuating a vacuum oven to a background vacuum of 1×10−4 to 2×10−4 Pa, and raising a temperature of the vacuum oven to 480° C.; (2) introducing Ar gas to the vacuum oven, controlling a vacuum degree in the vacuum oven to 4.0 Pa and controlling a negative bias voltage for the substrate to −200 V, and then turning on a Ti target and controlling a target current of the Ti target to 80 A, followed by performing an etching and cleaning on a surface of the substrate by a high-energy ion bombardment at the negative bias voltage for the substrate of −200 V for a cleaning time of 45 min: (3) turning off the Ti target and introducing nitrogen gas to the vacuum oven, controlling the negative bias voltage for the substrate to −60 V and adjusting the vacuum degree in the vacuum oven to 3.5 Pa, the nitrogen gas being introduced in such way to maintain a constant pressure at the vacuum degree of 3.5 Pa, using two sets of AlCr targets, and adjusting currents of the two sets of the AlCr targets to 130 A for a period of 77 min; (4) continuously operating the two sets of the AlCr targets with the preset parameters, and adjusting a target current of an AlCrSi target to 130 A with the negative bias voltage for the substrate still being −60 V for a period of 58 min; (5) turning off one set of the AlCr targets, and continuously operating the remaining AiCr targets and the AlCrSi target with the preset parameters for a period of 88 min; and (6) turning off the two sets of the AlCr targets, and continuously operating the AlCrSi target with the preset parameters for a period of 120 min. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein each AlCr target of the two sets of the AlCr targets has an atomic ratio of Al to Cr of 70:30. 9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the AlCrSi target has an atomic ratio of Al:Cr:Si of 60:30:10. 10. A cutting tool comprising the ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating according to claim 1. | An ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating for a cutting tool is provided. The ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coaling has gradient Si content and grain size, including sequentially an AlCrSiN working layer, an interlayer and an AlCrN bottom layer in order from a surface of the coating to a substrate, wherein from the AlCrN bottom layer to the AlCrSiN working layer, Si content in the interlayer is gradually increased, and the interlayer has a texture that changes from coarse columnar crystals to fine nanocrystals and amorphous body. A texture of the coating, in which the grain size is gradually decreased, sequentially includes coarse columnar crystals, fine columnar crystals and fine equiaxed crystals. A method for preparing the ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating with the gradient Si content and grain size is provided as well as a cutting tool having the coating deposited thereon.1. An ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating with a gradient Si content and a gradient grain size, comprising sequentially an AlCrSiN working layer, an interlayer and an AlCrN bottom layer in order from a surface of the ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating to a substrate, wherein from the AlCrN bottom layer to the AlCrSiN working layer, the Si content in the interlayer is gradually increased, and the interlayer comprises a texture changing from coarse columnar crystals to fine nanocrystals and amorphous body, the texture sequentially comprises coarse columnar crystals, fine columnar crystals and fine equiaxed crystals, the grain size of the interlayer is gradually decreased, in the interlayer, the Si content is gradually increased from 1 wt. % to 5 wt. %, and the grain size is gradually decreased from 60 nm to 20 nm. 2. (canceled) 3. The ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating with the gradient Si content and the gradient grain size according to claim 1, wherein Cr in the ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating is completely or partially replaced by Ti to obtain an AlTiSiN coating or an AlCrTiSiN coating. 4. The ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating with the gradient Si content and the gradient grain size according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is subjected to an etching and cleaning in advance, comprising the steps of:
evacuating vacuum oven for a multi-arc ion plating to 2.0×10−4 Pa, and then introducing Ar gas to the vacuum oven to adjust a pressure of the vacuum oven to 4.0 Pa and heating the vacuum oven to 450° C., turning on a cleaning Ti target, and then turning on an anode target, so as to form positive and negative electrodes with the cleaning Ti target to achieve a traction of electron motion, allowing electrons to collide with the Ar gas to generate Ar+, and then controlling a negative bias voltage to −200 V, thereby attracting the Ar+ to perform an ion bombardment on a surface of the substrate for a bombardment time of 45 min. 5. The ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating with the gradient Si content and the gradient grain size according to claim 1, wherein the ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating has a coefficient of friction of 0.36-0.40 at room temperature. 6. The ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating with the gradient Si content and the grain size according to claim 1, wherein the ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating has a microhardness greater than 3800 HK. 7. A method for preparing the ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating with the gradient Si content and the gradient grain size according to claim 1, wherein the AlCrSiN coating is deposited by the steps of:
(1) evacuating a vacuum oven to a background vacuum of 1×10−4 to 2×10−4 Pa, and raising a temperature of the vacuum oven to 480° C.; (2) introducing Ar gas to the vacuum oven, controlling a vacuum degree in the vacuum oven to 4.0 Pa and controlling a negative bias voltage for the substrate to −200 V, and then turning on a Ti target and controlling a target current of the Ti target to 80 A, followed by performing an etching and cleaning on a surface of the substrate by a high-energy ion bombardment at the negative bias voltage for the substrate of −200 V for a cleaning time of 45 min: (3) turning off the Ti target and introducing nitrogen gas to the vacuum oven, controlling the negative bias voltage for the substrate to −60 V and adjusting the vacuum degree in the vacuum oven to 3.5 Pa, the nitrogen gas being introduced in such way to maintain a constant pressure at the vacuum degree of 3.5 Pa, using two sets of AlCr targets, and adjusting currents of the two sets of the AlCr targets to 130 A for a period of 77 min; (4) continuously operating the two sets of the AlCr targets with the preset parameters, and adjusting a target current of an AlCrSi target to 130 A with the negative bias voltage for the substrate still being −60 V for a period of 58 min; (5) turning off one set of the AlCr targets, and continuously operating the remaining AiCr targets and the AlCrSi target with the preset parameters for a period of 88 min; and (6) turning off the two sets of the AlCr targets, and continuously operating the AlCrSi target with the preset parameters for a period of 120 min. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein each AlCr target of the two sets of the AlCr targets has an atomic ratio of Al to Cr of 70:30. 9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the AlCrSi target has an atomic ratio of Al:Cr:Si of 60:30:10. 10. A cutting tool comprising the ion source enhanced AlCrSiN coating according to claim 1. | 1,700 |
340,601 | 16,642,049 | 1,777 | Disclosed are compositions that may be useful for forming synthetic membranes, methods of forming membranes therefrom, and membranes. In an embodiment, a membrane comprises a free hydrophilic polymer and a polyurethane, the polyurethane comprising a backbone comprising the reaction product of a diisocyanate, a polymeric aliphatic diol, and, optionally, a chain extender, wherein the backbone comprises a C2-C16 fluoroalkyl or C2-C16 fluoroalkyl ether, or the polyurethane comprises an endgroup comprising a C2-C16 fluoroalkyl or C2-C16 fluoroalkyl ether. | 1.-20. (canceled) 21. A method of forming a membrane comprising the steps of:
a. forming a film from a composition comprising from 80 to 99.5 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition, of a solvent and from 0.5 to 20 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition, of a polymer mixture, the polymer mixture comprising:
i. from 65 to 90 wt %, based on the total weight of the polymer mixture, of a polyurethane comprising a backbone comprising the reaction product of:
1. a diisocyanate,
2. a polymeric aliphatic diol component comprising a polycarbonate diol or a polysiloxane diol, and
3. a chain extender, and
wherein the polyurethane comprises an endgroup comprising a C2-C16 fluoroalkyl or C2-C16 fluoroalkyl ether,
ii. from 10 to 35 wt %, based on the total weight of the polymer mixture, of a free hydrophilic polymer having a number average molecular weight of from 5,000 to 5,000,000 g/mol, and
b. evaporating the solvent, thereby forming a membrane. 22. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polyurethane comprises from 0.1 wt % to 3 wt %, based on the total weight of the polyurethane, of an endgroup comprising a C2-C16 fluoroalkyl or C2-C16 fluoroalkyl ether. 23. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric aliphatic diol component consists of a polycarbonate diol. 24. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric aliphatic diol component comprises a polycarbonate diol and a polysiloxane diol. 25. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric aliphatic diol component consists of a polycarbonate diol and a polysiloxane diol. 26. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric aliphatic diol component comprises a polycarbonate diol and a poly(tetramethylene oxide) diol. 27. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric aliphatic diol component consists of a polycarbonate diol and a poly(tetramethylene oxide) diol. 28. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric aliphatic diol component comprises a polysiloxane diol and a poly(tetramethylene oxide) diol. 29. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric aliphatic diol component consists of a polysiloxane diol and a poly(tetramethylene oxide) diol. 30. The method according to claim 1, wherein the diisocyanate is an aliphatic diisocyanate. 31. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric aliphatic diol component is devoid of hydrophilic polymeric aliphatic diol. 32. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent comprises tetrahydrofuran (THF), methyl-tetrahydrofuran (methyl-THF), or a mixture thereof. 33. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent comprises tetrahydrofuran (THF), methyl-tetrahydrofuran (methyl-THF), or a mixture thereof and wherein a co-solvent is present and comprises methanol, ethanol, isobutanol, propanol, methyl ethyl ketone, or a mixture thereof. 34. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent consists of tetrahydrofuran (THF), methyl-tetrahydrofuran (methyl-THF), or a mixture thereof and optionally a co-solvent consisting of methanol, ethanol, isobutanol, propanol, methyl ethyl ketone, or a mixture thereof. 35. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent comprises 40 wt % or more of tetrahydrofuran (THF), methyl-tetrahydrofuran (methyl-THF), or a mixture thereof, and methanol, ethanol, isobutanol, propanol, methyl ethyl ketone, or a mixture thereof at an amount of from 1 to 60 wt %, based on the total amount of solvent in the composition. 36. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is present in an amount of 90 wt % to 99 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition. 37. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the solvent comprises at least 70 wt % of tetrahydrofuran, and from 1 to 30 wt %, of propanol, isobutanol, methyl-THF, methyl ethyl ketone, or a mixture thereof, both based on the total amount of solvent in the composition. 38. A membrane formed by the method of claim 1, wherein the membrane has a thickness of from 1 to 100 μm and a residual solvent content of the membrane is less than 50 ppm if the membrane is dried in a convection oven at 50° C. for 16 hours after forming the membrane. 39. The membrane according to claim 38, wherein the membrane has a glucose transmission rate of from 1×10−10 to 9×10−9 cm2/sec, an oxygen transmission rate of from 1×10−7 to 1×10−2 cm2/sec, and a thickness of from 1 to 100 μm. 40. A continuous glucose monitoring system comprising the membrane according to claim 39. | Disclosed are compositions that may be useful for forming synthetic membranes, methods of forming membranes therefrom, and membranes. In an embodiment, a membrane comprises a free hydrophilic polymer and a polyurethane, the polyurethane comprising a backbone comprising the reaction product of a diisocyanate, a polymeric aliphatic diol, and, optionally, a chain extender, wherein the backbone comprises a C2-C16 fluoroalkyl or C2-C16 fluoroalkyl ether, or the polyurethane comprises an endgroup comprising a C2-C16 fluoroalkyl or C2-C16 fluoroalkyl ether.1.-20. (canceled) 21. A method of forming a membrane comprising the steps of:
a. forming a film from a composition comprising from 80 to 99.5 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition, of a solvent and from 0.5 to 20 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition, of a polymer mixture, the polymer mixture comprising:
i. from 65 to 90 wt %, based on the total weight of the polymer mixture, of a polyurethane comprising a backbone comprising the reaction product of:
1. a diisocyanate,
2. a polymeric aliphatic diol component comprising a polycarbonate diol or a polysiloxane diol, and
3. a chain extender, and
wherein the polyurethane comprises an endgroup comprising a C2-C16 fluoroalkyl or C2-C16 fluoroalkyl ether,
ii. from 10 to 35 wt %, based on the total weight of the polymer mixture, of a free hydrophilic polymer having a number average molecular weight of from 5,000 to 5,000,000 g/mol, and
b. evaporating the solvent, thereby forming a membrane. 22. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polyurethane comprises from 0.1 wt % to 3 wt %, based on the total weight of the polyurethane, of an endgroup comprising a C2-C16 fluoroalkyl or C2-C16 fluoroalkyl ether. 23. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric aliphatic diol component consists of a polycarbonate diol. 24. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric aliphatic diol component comprises a polycarbonate diol and a polysiloxane diol. 25. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric aliphatic diol component consists of a polycarbonate diol and a polysiloxane diol. 26. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric aliphatic diol component comprises a polycarbonate diol and a poly(tetramethylene oxide) diol. 27. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric aliphatic diol component consists of a polycarbonate diol and a poly(tetramethylene oxide) diol. 28. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric aliphatic diol component comprises a polysiloxane diol and a poly(tetramethylene oxide) diol. 29. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric aliphatic diol component consists of a polysiloxane diol and a poly(tetramethylene oxide) diol. 30. The method according to claim 1, wherein the diisocyanate is an aliphatic diisocyanate. 31. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric aliphatic diol component is devoid of hydrophilic polymeric aliphatic diol. 32. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent comprises tetrahydrofuran (THF), methyl-tetrahydrofuran (methyl-THF), or a mixture thereof. 33. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent comprises tetrahydrofuran (THF), methyl-tetrahydrofuran (methyl-THF), or a mixture thereof and wherein a co-solvent is present and comprises methanol, ethanol, isobutanol, propanol, methyl ethyl ketone, or a mixture thereof. 34. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent consists of tetrahydrofuran (THF), methyl-tetrahydrofuran (methyl-THF), or a mixture thereof and optionally a co-solvent consisting of methanol, ethanol, isobutanol, propanol, methyl ethyl ketone, or a mixture thereof. 35. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent comprises 40 wt % or more of tetrahydrofuran (THF), methyl-tetrahydrofuran (methyl-THF), or a mixture thereof, and methanol, ethanol, isobutanol, propanol, methyl ethyl ketone, or a mixture thereof at an amount of from 1 to 60 wt %, based on the total amount of solvent in the composition. 36. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is present in an amount of 90 wt % to 99 wt %, based on the total weight of the composition. 37. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the solvent comprises at least 70 wt % of tetrahydrofuran, and from 1 to 30 wt %, of propanol, isobutanol, methyl-THF, methyl ethyl ketone, or a mixture thereof, both based on the total amount of solvent in the composition. 38. A membrane formed by the method of claim 1, wherein the membrane has a thickness of from 1 to 100 μm and a residual solvent content of the membrane is less than 50 ppm if the membrane is dried in a convection oven at 50° C. for 16 hours after forming the membrane. 39. The membrane according to claim 38, wherein the membrane has a glucose transmission rate of from 1×10−10 to 9×10−9 cm2/sec, an oxygen transmission rate of from 1×10−7 to 1×10−2 cm2/sec, and a thickness of from 1 to 100 μm. 40. A continuous glucose monitoring system comprising the membrane according to claim 39. | 1,700 |
340,602 | 16,642,028 | 1,777 | A saddle-type electric vehicle (1, 1A, or 1B) includes an electric motor (30) for vehicle traveling, a battery (100) which supplies electric power to the electric motor (30), a power control unit (320) which controls the electric motor (30), step floors (9) on which a rider places his/her feet, a center tunnel (CT) which extends in a vehicle front-rear direction at a left-right center portion of the step floors (9), and a charger (325) mounted on the vehicle body and configured to charge the battery (100), in which the power control unit (320) is disposed inside the center tunnel (CT), and the charger (325) is disposed to overlap the power control unit (320) in a plan view. | 1.-4. (canceled) 5. A saddle-type electric vehicle including a saddle-type electric vehicle of a low-floor type in which a straddling space is formed above a center tunnel comprising:
an electric motor for vehicle traveling; a battery which supplies electric power to the electric motor; a power control unit which controls the electric motor; step floors on which a rider places his/her feet; the center tunnel which extends in a vehicle front-rear direction at a left-right center portion of the step floors; a charger mounted on the vehicle body and configured to charge the battery; and a contactor which switches high-voltage lines between at the time of vehicle traveling and at the time of battery charging, wherein the power control unit and the contactor are disposed inside the center tunnel, the charger is disposed to overlap the power control unit in a plan view, and the contactor is disposed between the power control unit and the battery in a side view and is disposed to overlap the charger in a plan view. 6. The saddle-type electric vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the charger is disposed below the power control unit. 7. The saddle-type electric vehicle according to claim 6, wherein the contactor is disposed above the power control unit. 8. The saddle-type electric vehicle according to claim 5, further comprising:
a cable storage part which is able to store a charging cable, wherein the cable storage part is disposed above the power control unit. | A saddle-type electric vehicle (1, 1A, or 1B) includes an electric motor (30) for vehicle traveling, a battery (100) which supplies electric power to the electric motor (30), a power control unit (320) which controls the electric motor (30), step floors (9) on which a rider places his/her feet, a center tunnel (CT) which extends in a vehicle front-rear direction at a left-right center portion of the step floors (9), and a charger (325) mounted on the vehicle body and configured to charge the battery (100), in which the power control unit (320) is disposed inside the center tunnel (CT), and the charger (325) is disposed to overlap the power control unit (320) in a plan view.1.-4. (canceled) 5. A saddle-type electric vehicle including a saddle-type electric vehicle of a low-floor type in which a straddling space is formed above a center tunnel comprising:
an electric motor for vehicle traveling; a battery which supplies electric power to the electric motor; a power control unit which controls the electric motor; step floors on which a rider places his/her feet; the center tunnel which extends in a vehicle front-rear direction at a left-right center portion of the step floors; a charger mounted on the vehicle body and configured to charge the battery; and a contactor which switches high-voltage lines between at the time of vehicle traveling and at the time of battery charging, wherein the power control unit and the contactor are disposed inside the center tunnel, the charger is disposed to overlap the power control unit in a plan view, and the contactor is disposed between the power control unit and the battery in a side view and is disposed to overlap the charger in a plan view. 6. The saddle-type electric vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the charger is disposed below the power control unit. 7. The saddle-type electric vehicle according to claim 6, wherein the contactor is disposed above the power control unit. 8. The saddle-type electric vehicle according to claim 5, further comprising:
a cable storage part which is able to store a charging cable, wherein the cable storage part is disposed above the power control unit. | 1,700 |
340,603 | 16,642,080 | 3,663 | Provided is a work machine with which an operator can easily perform semi-automatic excavating shaping work at an intended excavation velocity. An information processing device calculates a target velocity of a work point at a predetermined position on a work implement on the basis of each of operation signals of operation devices, calculates a distance between the work point and a target surface on the basis of posture information of driven members and position information of the target surface, corrects a velocity component of the target velocity, the velocity component being perpendicular to the target surface, according to the distance such that the work point does not penetrate the target surface, and performs, before calculating the target velocity, weighting on each of the operation signals of the operation devices according to contribution to a velocity component of the work point, the velocity component being parallel to the target surface, on the basis of the posture information of the driven members and the position information of the target surface. | 1. A work machine comprising:
a machine body; a work implement mounted rotatably on the machine body and including a plurality of driven members connected rotatably with each other; a plurality of actuators driving the plurality of driven members; a plurality of operation devices for operating the plurality of driven members; a posture detection device detecting a posture of the machine body and the plurality of driven members; a design data input device for inputting design surface information; and an information processing device controlling driving of the plurality of actuators in response to each of operation signals of the plurality of operation devices, the information processing device
extracting position information of a target surface that serves as a work object from the design surface information,
calculating a target velocity of a work point at a predetermined position on the work implement using each of the operation signals of the plurality of operation devices, and
calculating a distance between the work point and the target surface on a basis of posture information of the plurality of driven members and position information of the target surface and correcting a velocity component of the target velocity, the velocity component being perpendicular to the target surface, according to the distance such that the work point does not penetrate the target surface, wherein
the information processing device is configured to perform, before calculating the target velocity, weighting on each of the operation signals of the plurality of operation devices according to contribution to a velocity component of the work point, the velocity component being parallel to the target surface, on a basis of the posture information of the plurality of driven members and the position information of the target surface. 2. The work machine according to claim 1, wherein
the information processing device is configured to calculate, on a basis of posture information of the work implement and the position information of the target surface, a parallel velocity factor that is a component of a velocity factor, the component being parallel to the target surface, the velocity factor being a ratio of the velocity of the work point to a value of an operation signal when each of the plurality of actuators is operated individually, and perform, before calculating the target velocity, weighting on each of the operation signals of the plurality of operation devices according to the parallel velocity factor. 3. The work machine according to claim 2, wherein
the information processing device is configured to perform weighting on each of the operation signals of the plurality of operation devices such that a weight on an operation signal of an actuator having a maximum parallel velocity factor is 1 and weights on operation signals of other actuators are 0. 4. The work machine according to claim 1, wherein
the plurality of driven members include a boom mounted at a front side of the machine body rotatably in a vertical direction, an arm connected with a distal end portion of the boom rotatably in the vertical direction or a fore-aft direction, and a bucket connected with a distal end portion of the arm rotatably in the vertical direction or the fore-aft direction, the plurality of actuators include a boom cylinder that drives the boom, an arm cylinder that drives the arm, and a bucket cylinder that drives the bucket, the plurality of operation devices include a boom operation device for operating the boom, an arm operation device for operating the arm, and a bucket operation device for operating the bucket, the work point is located at a distal end of the bucket, the position information of the target surface includes a target surface height that is a perpendicular distance from a center of rotation of the boom to the target surface and a target surface angle that is an angle of the target surface relative to an anterior direction of the machine body, and the information processing device is configured to perform weighting on each of the operation signals of the plurality of operation devices such that a weight on an operation signal of the boom operation device increases and a weight on an operation signal of the arm operation device decreases as absolute values of the target surface angle and of the target surface height increase. | Provided is a work machine with which an operator can easily perform semi-automatic excavating shaping work at an intended excavation velocity. An information processing device calculates a target velocity of a work point at a predetermined position on a work implement on the basis of each of operation signals of operation devices, calculates a distance between the work point and a target surface on the basis of posture information of driven members and position information of the target surface, corrects a velocity component of the target velocity, the velocity component being perpendicular to the target surface, according to the distance such that the work point does not penetrate the target surface, and performs, before calculating the target velocity, weighting on each of the operation signals of the operation devices according to contribution to a velocity component of the work point, the velocity component being parallel to the target surface, on the basis of the posture information of the driven members and the position information of the target surface.1. A work machine comprising:
a machine body; a work implement mounted rotatably on the machine body and including a plurality of driven members connected rotatably with each other; a plurality of actuators driving the plurality of driven members; a plurality of operation devices for operating the plurality of driven members; a posture detection device detecting a posture of the machine body and the plurality of driven members; a design data input device for inputting design surface information; and an information processing device controlling driving of the plurality of actuators in response to each of operation signals of the plurality of operation devices, the information processing device
extracting position information of a target surface that serves as a work object from the design surface information,
calculating a target velocity of a work point at a predetermined position on the work implement using each of the operation signals of the plurality of operation devices, and
calculating a distance between the work point and the target surface on a basis of posture information of the plurality of driven members and position information of the target surface and correcting a velocity component of the target velocity, the velocity component being perpendicular to the target surface, according to the distance such that the work point does not penetrate the target surface, wherein
the information processing device is configured to perform, before calculating the target velocity, weighting on each of the operation signals of the plurality of operation devices according to contribution to a velocity component of the work point, the velocity component being parallel to the target surface, on a basis of the posture information of the plurality of driven members and the position information of the target surface. 2. The work machine according to claim 1, wherein
the information processing device is configured to calculate, on a basis of posture information of the work implement and the position information of the target surface, a parallel velocity factor that is a component of a velocity factor, the component being parallel to the target surface, the velocity factor being a ratio of the velocity of the work point to a value of an operation signal when each of the plurality of actuators is operated individually, and perform, before calculating the target velocity, weighting on each of the operation signals of the plurality of operation devices according to the parallel velocity factor. 3. The work machine according to claim 2, wherein
the information processing device is configured to perform weighting on each of the operation signals of the plurality of operation devices such that a weight on an operation signal of an actuator having a maximum parallel velocity factor is 1 and weights on operation signals of other actuators are 0. 4. The work machine according to claim 1, wherein
the plurality of driven members include a boom mounted at a front side of the machine body rotatably in a vertical direction, an arm connected with a distal end portion of the boom rotatably in the vertical direction or a fore-aft direction, and a bucket connected with a distal end portion of the arm rotatably in the vertical direction or the fore-aft direction, the plurality of actuators include a boom cylinder that drives the boom, an arm cylinder that drives the arm, and a bucket cylinder that drives the bucket, the plurality of operation devices include a boom operation device for operating the boom, an arm operation device for operating the arm, and a bucket operation device for operating the bucket, the work point is located at a distal end of the bucket, the position information of the target surface includes a target surface height that is a perpendicular distance from a center of rotation of the boom to the target surface and a target surface angle that is an angle of the target surface relative to an anterior direction of the machine body, and the information processing device is configured to perform weighting on each of the operation signals of the plurality of operation devices such that a weight on an operation signal of the boom operation device increases and a weight on an operation signal of the arm operation device decreases as absolute values of the target surface angle and of the target surface height increase. | 3,600 |
340,604 | 16,642,086 | 3,663 | A seat adjustment mechanism for a vehicle seat may have a number of first rail pairs, each first rail pair having an upper rail and a lower rail. A height adjustment mechanism may be arranged between the number of first rail pairs and a seat part of the vehicle seat. The height adjustment mechanism may have a number of second rail pairs, each second rail pair may have an upper rail and a lower rail. The number of first rail pairs and the number of second rail pairs can be actuated simultaneously. | 1-13. (canceled) 14. A seat adjustment mechanism for a vehicle seat, comprising
a number of first rail pairs, wherein each first rail pair comprises an upper rail and a lower rail, a height adjustment mechanism, which comprises a number of second rail pairs, is arranged between the number of first rail pairs and a seat part of the vehicle seat, wherein each second rail pair comprises an upper rail and a lower rail, wherein the number of first rail pairs and the number of second rail pairs are actuatable simultaneously. 15. The seat adjustment mechanism as claimed in claim 14, wherein
the number of first rail pairs is arranged and actuatable substantially in a vehicle longitudinal direction for a longitudinal adjustment of the seat and that the number of second rail pairs is arranged and actuatable proportionally in the vehicle longitudinal direction and proportionally in elevation for a seat-height adjustment. 16. The seat adjustment mechanism as claimed in claim 14, further comprising a number of third rail pairs, which has substantially the same direction of action as the number of first rail pairs. 17. The seat adjustment mechanism as claimed in claim 14, wherein upper rails of the number of first rail pairs are fixed underneath to at least one lower rail of the number of second rail pairs. 18. The seat adjustment mechanism as claimed in claim 17, wherein upper rails of the number of first rail pairs are fixed underneath to at least one lower rail of the number of second rail pairs via a first connecting element. 19. The seat adjustment mechanism as claimed in claim 14, wherein an upper rail or upper rails of the number of second rail pairs is/are fixed underneath to the seat part of the vehicle seat. 20. The seat adjustment mechanism as claimed in claim 19, wherein the fixing is achieved indirectly via a second connecting element. 21. The seat adjustment mechanism as claimed in claim 20, wherein lower rails of the number of third rail pairs are fixed to the second connecting element, and that upper rails of the number of third rail pairs are firmly connected to a seat part carrier. 22. The seat adjustment mechanism as claimed in claim 14, further comprising a first electric motor for driving the number of first rail pairs and/or a second electric motor for driving the number of second rail pairs and/or a third electric motor for driving the number of third rail pairs. 23. The seat adjustment mechanism as claimed in claim 14, wherein
instead of a number of first rail pairs, wherein each first rail pair comprises an upper rail and a lower rail a first linear adjustment system is provided, which comprises a number of fixed parts and a number of moving parts. 24. The seat adjustment mechanism as claimed in claim 14, wherein
instead of a number of second rail pairs, wherein each second rail pair comprises an upper rail and a lower rail a second linear adjustment system is provided, which comprises a number of fixed parts and a number of moving parts. 25. The seat adjustment mechanism as claimed in claim 16, wherein
instead of a number of third rail pairs, wherein each third rail pair comprises an upper rail and a lower rail a third linear adjustment system is provided, which comprises a number of fixed parts and a number of moving parts. | A seat adjustment mechanism for a vehicle seat may have a number of first rail pairs, each first rail pair having an upper rail and a lower rail. A height adjustment mechanism may be arranged between the number of first rail pairs and a seat part of the vehicle seat. The height adjustment mechanism may have a number of second rail pairs, each second rail pair may have an upper rail and a lower rail. The number of first rail pairs and the number of second rail pairs can be actuated simultaneously.1-13. (canceled) 14. A seat adjustment mechanism for a vehicle seat, comprising
a number of first rail pairs, wherein each first rail pair comprises an upper rail and a lower rail, a height adjustment mechanism, which comprises a number of second rail pairs, is arranged between the number of first rail pairs and a seat part of the vehicle seat, wherein each second rail pair comprises an upper rail and a lower rail, wherein the number of first rail pairs and the number of second rail pairs are actuatable simultaneously. 15. The seat adjustment mechanism as claimed in claim 14, wherein
the number of first rail pairs is arranged and actuatable substantially in a vehicle longitudinal direction for a longitudinal adjustment of the seat and that the number of second rail pairs is arranged and actuatable proportionally in the vehicle longitudinal direction and proportionally in elevation for a seat-height adjustment. 16. The seat adjustment mechanism as claimed in claim 14, further comprising a number of third rail pairs, which has substantially the same direction of action as the number of first rail pairs. 17. The seat adjustment mechanism as claimed in claim 14, wherein upper rails of the number of first rail pairs are fixed underneath to at least one lower rail of the number of second rail pairs. 18. The seat adjustment mechanism as claimed in claim 17, wherein upper rails of the number of first rail pairs are fixed underneath to at least one lower rail of the number of second rail pairs via a first connecting element. 19. The seat adjustment mechanism as claimed in claim 14, wherein an upper rail or upper rails of the number of second rail pairs is/are fixed underneath to the seat part of the vehicle seat. 20. The seat adjustment mechanism as claimed in claim 19, wherein the fixing is achieved indirectly via a second connecting element. 21. The seat adjustment mechanism as claimed in claim 20, wherein lower rails of the number of third rail pairs are fixed to the second connecting element, and that upper rails of the number of third rail pairs are firmly connected to a seat part carrier. 22. The seat adjustment mechanism as claimed in claim 14, further comprising a first electric motor for driving the number of first rail pairs and/or a second electric motor for driving the number of second rail pairs and/or a third electric motor for driving the number of third rail pairs. 23. The seat adjustment mechanism as claimed in claim 14, wherein
instead of a number of first rail pairs, wherein each first rail pair comprises an upper rail and a lower rail a first linear adjustment system is provided, which comprises a number of fixed parts and a number of moving parts. 24. The seat adjustment mechanism as claimed in claim 14, wherein
instead of a number of second rail pairs, wherein each second rail pair comprises an upper rail and a lower rail a second linear adjustment system is provided, which comprises a number of fixed parts and a number of moving parts. 25. The seat adjustment mechanism as claimed in claim 16, wherein
instead of a number of third rail pairs, wherein each third rail pair comprises an upper rail and a lower rail a third linear adjustment system is provided, which comprises a number of fixed parts and a number of moving parts. | 3,600 |
340,605 | 16,642,060 | 3,663 | The present invention relates generally to a method of monitoring pharmacodynamic responses mediated by in vivo administration of glucocorticoids. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of using a change in gene signature as a pharmacodynamic marker of glucocorticoid exposure. | 1. A method to determine a person's response to a glucocorticoids comprising:
a) administering the glucocorticoid of interest to said person; b) drawing blood from the person of step (a) post-administration; c) isolating the RNA from the blood collected in step (b); d) profiling the gene expression of the RNA isolated in step (c); and e) comparing the gene signature score post-administration with a control gene signature score, wherein an increase in the gene signature score for FKBP5, ECHDC3, IL1R2, ZBTB16, IRS2, IRAK3, ACSL1, and DUSP1 indicates a response to the glucocorticoid. 2-9. (canceled) 10. A method of treating a person diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) comprising testing the person's response to a glucocorticoid comprising:
a. administering the glucocorticoid of interest to said person; b. drawing blood from the person of step (a) post-administration; c. isolating the RNA from the blood collected in step (b); d. profiling the gene expression of the RNA isolated in step (c); and e. comparing the gene signature score post-administration with a control gene signature score, wherein an increase in the gene signature score for FKBP5, ECHDC3, IL1R2, ZBTB16, IRS2, IRAK3, ACSL1, and DUSP1 indicates that the person will respond to the glucocorticoid; and administering the glucocorticoid to the person. 11. A method of treating a person diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) comprising testing the person's response to a glucocorticoid comprising:
a. administering the glucocorticoid of interest to said person; b. drawing blood from the person of step (a) post-administration; c. isolating the RNA from the blood collected in step (b); d. profiling the gene expression of the RNA isolated in step (c); and e. comparing the gene signature score post-administration with a control gene signature score, wherein an increase in the gene signature score for FKBP5, ECHDC3, IL1R2, ZBTB16, IRS2, IRAK3, ACSL1, and DUSP1 indicates that the person will respond to the glucocorticoid; and administering the glucocorticoid to the person. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein the blood sample is collected from the person administered the glucocorticoid of interest 4 hours post-administration. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the blood sample is collected from the person administered the glucocorticoid of interest 4 hours post-administration. 14. The method of claim 10, wherein the glucocorticoid of interest is selected from the group consisting of cortisone, dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone, prednisolone, prednisone, triamcinolone, betamethasone budesonide, fluticasone, and synthetic glucocorticoids. 15. The method of claim 10, wherein the control gene signature is obtained from the same person before glucocorticoid administration or from normal healthy controls not administered the glucocorticoid. 16. The method of claim 10, wherein a 1.5-fold increase in the gene signature score compared to the control indicates a response to the glucocorticoid. 17. The method of claim 10, wherein a 2-fold increase in the gene signature score compared to the control indicates a response to the glucocorticoid. 18. The method of claim 11, wherein the glucocorticoid of interest is selected from the group consisting of cortisone, dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone, prednisolone, prednisone, triamcinolone, betamethasone budesonide, fluticasone, and synthetic glucocorticoids. 19. The method of claim 11, wherein the control gene signature is obtained from the same person before glucocorticoid administration or from normal healthy controls not administered the glucocorticoid. 20. The method of claim 11, wherein a 1.5-fold increase in the gene signature score compared to the control indicates a response to the glucocorticoid. 21. The method of claim 11, wherein a 2-fold increase in the gene signature score compared to the control indicates a response to the glucocorticoid. | The present invention relates generally to a method of monitoring pharmacodynamic responses mediated by in vivo administration of glucocorticoids. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of using a change in gene signature as a pharmacodynamic marker of glucocorticoid exposure.1. A method to determine a person's response to a glucocorticoids comprising:
a) administering the glucocorticoid of interest to said person; b) drawing blood from the person of step (a) post-administration; c) isolating the RNA from the blood collected in step (b); d) profiling the gene expression of the RNA isolated in step (c); and e) comparing the gene signature score post-administration with a control gene signature score, wherein an increase in the gene signature score for FKBP5, ECHDC3, IL1R2, ZBTB16, IRS2, IRAK3, ACSL1, and DUSP1 indicates a response to the glucocorticoid. 2-9. (canceled) 10. A method of treating a person diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) comprising testing the person's response to a glucocorticoid comprising:
a. administering the glucocorticoid of interest to said person; b. drawing blood from the person of step (a) post-administration; c. isolating the RNA from the blood collected in step (b); d. profiling the gene expression of the RNA isolated in step (c); and e. comparing the gene signature score post-administration with a control gene signature score, wherein an increase in the gene signature score for FKBP5, ECHDC3, IL1R2, ZBTB16, IRS2, IRAK3, ACSL1, and DUSP1 indicates that the person will respond to the glucocorticoid; and administering the glucocorticoid to the person. 11. A method of treating a person diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) comprising testing the person's response to a glucocorticoid comprising:
a. administering the glucocorticoid of interest to said person; b. drawing blood from the person of step (a) post-administration; c. isolating the RNA from the blood collected in step (b); d. profiling the gene expression of the RNA isolated in step (c); and e. comparing the gene signature score post-administration with a control gene signature score, wherein an increase in the gene signature score for FKBP5, ECHDC3, IL1R2, ZBTB16, IRS2, IRAK3, ACSL1, and DUSP1 indicates that the person will respond to the glucocorticoid; and administering the glucocorticoid to the person. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein the blood sample is collected from the person administered the glucocorticoid of interest 4 hours post-administration. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the blood sample is collected from the person administered the glucocorticoid of interest 4 hours post-administration. 14. The method of claim 10, wherein the glucocorticoid of interest is selected from the group consisting of cortisone, dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone, prednisolone, prednisone, triamcinolone, betamethasone budesonide, fluticasone, and synthetic glucocorticoids. 15. The method of claim 10, wherein the control gene signature is obtained from the same person before glucocorticoid administration or from normal healthy controls not administered the glucocorticoid. 16. The method of claim 10, wherein a 1.5-fold increase in the gene signature score compared to the control indicates a response to the glucocorticoid. 17. The method of claim 10, wherein a 2-fold increase in the gene signature score compared to the control indicates a response to the glucocorticoid. 18. The method of claim 11, wherein the glucocorticoid of interest is selected from the group consisting of cortisone, dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone, prednisolone, prednisone, triamcinolone, betamethasone budesonide, fluticasone, and synthetic glucocorticoids. 19. The method of claim 11, wherein the control gene signature is obtained from the same person before glucocorticoid administration or from normal healthy controls not administered the glucocorticoid. 20. The method of claim 11, wherein a 1.5-fold increase in the gene signature score compared to the control indicates a response to the glucocorticoid. 21. The method of claim 11, wherein a 2-fold increase in the gene signature score compared to the control indicates a response to the glucocorticoid. | 3,600 |
340,606 | 16,642,081 | 3,663 | The invention relates to a communication module for connecting a lighting bus system (1) to a network (3) based on an internet protocol, wherein each component (2a . . . 2f) coupled to the bus system (1) is assigned a unique bus address, the communication module (4) is assigned a plurality of network addresses, at least one of the plurality of network addresses contains the bus address of a component (2a . . . 2f) and the communication module (4) is designed to receive data transmitted to the at least one network address from the network (3), to extract the bus address of the component (2a . . . 2f) from the network address, to determine data to be transmitted to the component (2a . . . 2f) by using the extracted bus address on the basis of the received data, and to transmit the determined data to the component (2a . . . 2f) having the extracted bus address via the bus system (1), or to provide the data generated autonomously by a component (2a . . . 2f) and transmitted to the communication module (4) to at least one network subscriber via the network (3). | 1. A communication module for connecting a lighting bus system (1) to a network (3) based on an internet protocol, wherein
one or more components (2 a . . . 2 f) are coupled to the bus system (1), a unique bus address is associated with each component (2 a . . . 2 f) coupled to the bus system (1), at least one property of at least one component (2 a . . . 2 f), which property can be queried in the bus system (1), represents a resource accessible via the network (3), a plurality of network addresses are associated with the communication module (4), at least one of the plurality of network addresses contains the bus address of a component (2 a . . . 2 f), and the communication module (4) is designed to receive data transmitted to the at least one network address from the network (3), to extract the bus address of the component (2 a . . . 2 f) from the network address, to determine data to be transmitted to the component (2 a . . . 2 f) by using the extracted bus address on the basis of the resource and/or the received data, and to transmit the determined data to the component (2 a . . . 2 f) having the extracted bus address via the bus system (1), or to provide the data generated autonomously by a component (2 a . . . 2 f) and transmitted to the communication module (4) to at least one network subscriber via the network (3). 2. The communication module according to claim 1, wherein the communication module (4) is designed to extract the address of the component (2 a . . . 2 f) from the interface identifier of the network address based on Internet Protocol Version 6. 3. The communication module according to claim 2, wherein in the bus system, a plurality of components (2 a . . . 2 f) may be addressable by means of a group bus address, and the communication module (4) is designed to determine the group bus address on the basis of a multicast address contained in the network address, and to implement a data transmission to the components (2 a . . . 2 f) belonging to the determined group bus address on the basis of the received data and/or resource. 4. The communication module according to claim 1, wherein the communication module (4) is designed to determine a control command from the received data, and to transmit the determined control command to the component (2 a . . . 2 f) with the extracted bus address or the components (2 a . . . 2 f) with the determined group bus address. 5. The communication module according to claim 1, wherein the communication module (4) is designed to perform a conversion of the data packet format of the received data into the data packet format of the bus system as a transparent gateway, at least from the viewpoint of the network (3). 6. The communication module according to claim 1, wherein
at least one property of at least one component (2 a . . . 2 f), which property can be queried in the bus system, represents a resource accessible via the network (3), which resource can be reached via a URL, and the communication module (4) is designed such that the received data contain a query of the resource to determine the property of the component (2 a . . . 2 f) associated with the requested resource in a translation table, and to query the property in the data transmission. 7. The communication module according to claim 6, wherein the communication module (4) is designed to generate a data packet having information received from the component regarding the queried property, to determine a network address for the transmission of the data packet based on the received data, and to transmit the data packet to the determined network address. 8. The communication module according to claim 6, wherein a translation table is associated with each component (2 a . . . 2 f) having at least one queryable resource, which translation table associates at least one property that can be queried by the component (2 a . . . 2 f) with the resource which can be queried on the network side, and the communication module (4) is designed to determine the at least one property to be queried for the queried resource by means of the translation table. 9. The communication module according to claim 6, wherein
the bus system (1) is a DALI bus, at least one component (2 a . . . 2 f) may transmit a DALI Event Message via the bus system, and a Callback URL to which the DALI Event Message is to be forwarded is associated as a resource with said DALI Event Message in the table. 10. The communication module according to claim 6, wherein the communication module (4) is designed to detect at least one message transmitted by a component (2 a . . . 2 f) to a specific bus address via the bus system (1) regarding a specific event, to determine a network address associated in a table with the specific bus address, the specific event, and/or the message, and to transmit the message to the specific network address. 11. A lighting system having a bus system, a plurality of components (2 a . . . 2 f) coupled to the bus system (1), and the communication module (4) according to claim 1. 12. The lighting system according to claim 11, wherein the bus system (1) is a DALI bus. 13. A method for transmitting data between at least one component (2 a . . . 2 f) coupled to a lighting bus system (1) and a subscriber (5, 6) of a network (3) based on an internet protocol, wherein
the bus system (1) is coupled to the network (3) via an interface (4; 7 . . . 12), a unique bus address is associated with each component (2 a . . . 2 f) coupled to the bus system (1), at least one property of at least one component (2 a . . . 2 f), which property can be queried in the bus system (1), represents a resource accessible via the network (3), a plurality of network addresses are associated with the interface, at least one of the plurality of network addresses contains the bus address of a component (2 a . . . 2 f), and the method comprises the steps of:
receiving from the interface (4; 7 . . . 12) data transmitted from the network to the at least one network address,
extracting the bus address of the component (2 a . . . 2 f) from the network address,
determining the property of the component associated with the requested resource, preferably with the aid of a translation table,
determining data to be sent to the component having the extracted bus address, based on the received data and the resource, and
transmitting the determined data to the component with the extracted bus address, via the bus system. 14. The method according to claim 13, wherein
the resource accessible via the network (3) can be reached via a URL, the received data include a request for the resource from a network subscriber (5, 6), and the method comprises the following steps:
determining the property of the component (2 a . . . 2 f) that is associated with the requested resource in a table,
receiving, from the component (2 a . . . 2 f), information regarding the property that was queried in the data transmission,
generating a data packet with the received information, and
transmitting the data packet to the network address of the network subscriber (5, 6). | The invention relates to a communication module for connecting a lighting bus system (1) to a network (3) based on an internet protocol, wherein each component (2a . . . 2f) coupled to the bus system (1) is assigned a unique bus address, the communication module (4) is assigned a plurality of network addresses, at least one of the plurality of network addresses contains the bus address of a component (2a . . . 2f) and the communication module (4) is designed to receive data transmitted to the at least one network address from the network (3), to extract the bus address of the component (2a . . . 2f) from the network address, to determine data to be transmitted to the component (2a . . . 2f) by using the extracted bus address on the basis of the received data, and to transmit the determined data to the component (2a . . . 2f) having the extracted bus address via the bus system (1), or to provide the data generated autonomously by a component (2a . . . 2f) and transmitted to the communication module (4) to at least one network subscriber via the network (3).1. A communication module for connecting a lighting bus system (1) to a network (3) based on an internet protocol, wherein
one or more components (2 a . . . 2 f) are coupled to the bus system (1), a unique bus address is associated with each component (2 a . . . 2 f) coupled to the bus system (1), at least one property of at least one component (2 a . . . 2 f), which property can be queried in the bus system (1), represents a resource accessible via the network (3), a plurality of network addresses are associated with the communication module (4), at least one of the plurality of network addresses contains the bus address of a component (2 a . . . 2 f), and the communication module (4) is designed to receive data transmitted to the at least one network address from the network (3), to extract the bus address of the component (2 a . . . 2 f) from the network address, to determine data to be transmitted to the component (2 a . . . 2 f) by using the extracted bus address on the basis of the resource and/or the received data, and to transmit the determined data to the component (2 a . . . 2 f) having the extracted bus address via the bus system (1), or to provide the data generated autonomously by a component (2 a . . . 2 f) and transmitted to the communication module (4) to at least one network subscriber via the network (3). 2. The communication module according to claim 1, wherein the communication module (4) is designed to extract the address of the component (2 a . . . 2 f) from the interface identifier of the network address based on Internet Protocol Version 6. 3. The communication module according to claim 2, wherein in the bus system, a plurality of components (2 a . . . 2 f) may be addressable by means of a group bus address, and the communication module (4) is designed to determine the group bus address on the basis of a multicast address contained in the network address, and to implement a data transmission to the components (2 a . . . 2 f) belonging to the determined group bus address on the basis of the received data and/or resource. 4. The communication module according to claim 1, wherein the communication module (4) is designed to determine a control command from the received data, and to transmit the determined control command to the component (2 a . . . 2 f) with the extracted bus address or the components (2 a . . . 2 f) with the determined group bus address. 5. The communication module according to claim 1, wherein the communication module (4) is designed to perform a conversion of the data packet format of the received data into the data packet format of the bus system as a transparent gateway, at least from the viewpoint of the network (3). 6. The communication module according to claim 1, wherein
at least one property of at least one component (2 a . . . 2 f), which property can be queried in the bus system, represents a resource accessible via the network (3), which resource can be reached via a URL, and the communication module (4) is designed such that the received data contain a query of the resource to determine the property of the component (2 a . . . 2 f) associated with the requested resource in a translation table, and to query the property in the data transmission. 7. The communication module according to claim 6, wherein the communication module (4) is designed to generate a data packet having information received from the component regarding the queried property, to determine a network address for the transmission of the data packet based on the received data, and to transmit the data packet to the determined network address. 8. The communication module according to claim 6, wherein a translation table is associated with each component (2 a . . . 2 f) having at least one queryable resource, which translation table associates at least one property that can be queried by the component (2 a . . . 2 f) with the resource which can be queried on the network side, and the communication module (4) is designed to determine the at least one property to be queried for the queried resource by means of the translation table. 9. The communication module according to claim 6, wherein
the bus system (1) is a DALI bus, at least one component (2 a . . . 2 f) may transmit a DALI Event Message via the bus system, and a Callback URL to which the DALI Event Message is to be forwarded is associated as a resource with said DALI Event Message in the table. 10. The communication module according to claim 6, wherein the communication module (4) is designed to detect at least one message transmitted by a component (2 a . . . 2 f) to a specific bus address via the bus system (1) regarding a specific event, to determine a network address associated in a table with the specific bus address, the specific event, and/or the message, and to transmit the message to the specific network address. 11. A lighting system having a bus system, a plurality of components (2 a . . . 2 f) coupled to the bus system (1), and the communication module (4) according to claim 1. 12. The lighting system according to claim 11, wherein the bus system (1) is a DALI bus. 13. A method for transmitting data between at least one component (2 a . . . 2 f) coupled to a lighting bus system (1) and a subscriber (5, 6) of a network (3) based on an internet protocol, wherein
the bus system (1) is coupled to the network (3) via an interface (4; 7 . . . 12), a unique bus address is associated with each component (2 a . . . 2 f) coupled to the bus system (1), at least one property of at least one component (2 a . . . 2 f), which property can be queried in the bus system (1), represents a resource accessible via the network (3), a plurality of network addresses are associated with the interface, at least one of the plurality of network addresses contains the bus address of a component (2 a . . . 2 f), and the method comprises the steps of:
receiving from the interface (4; 7 . . . 12) data transmitted from the network to the at least one network address,
extracting the bus address of the component (2 a . . . 2 f) from the network address,
determining the property of the component associated with the requested resource, preferably with the aid of a translation table,
determining data to be sent to the component having the extracted bus address, based on the received data and the resource, and
transmitting the determined data to the component with the extracted bus address, via the bus system. 14. The method according to claim 13, wherein
the resource accessible via the network (3) can be reached via a URL, the received data include a request for the resource from a network subscriber (5, 6), and the method comprises the following steps:
determining the property of the component (2 a . . . 2 f) that is associated with the requested resource in a table,
receiving, from the component (2 a . . . 2 f), information regarding the property that was queried in the data transmission,
generating a data packet with the received information, and
transmitting the data packet to the network address of the network subscriber (5, 6). | 3,600 |
340,607 | 16,642,045 | 3,663 | There is provided a fit testing method comprising: providing a respirator donned by a wearer; providing a sensor in electrical communication with a sensing element, where the sensor is configured to monitor a particulate concentration parameter of a gas space within the respirator, and a second particulate concentration parameter of a gas space outside the respirator, where the sensor is attached to the respirator such that the respirator such that the weight of the sensor is supported by the respirator; and providing a reader configured to communicate with the sensor, where the reader is configured to provide a respirator fit parameter based on a comparison of the particulate concentration within the respirator to the particulate concentration parameter outside the respirator. | 1. A fit testing method comprising:
providing a respirator donned by a wearer; providing a sensor in electrical communication with a sensing element, wherein the sensor is configured to monitor a particulate concentration parameter of a gas space within the respirator, and a second particulate concentration parameter of a gas space outside the respirator, wherein the sensor is attached to the respirator such that the respirator such that the weight of the sensor is supported by the respirator; and providing a reader configured to communicate with the sensor, wherein the reader is configured to provide a respirator fit parameter based on a comparison of the particulate concentration within the respirator to the particulate concentration parameter outside the respirator. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensor is mounted substantially on an exterior surface of the respirator. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising an aerosol generator with a known aerosol output parameter. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising an enclosure that is physically supported around the wearer's head, wherein the aerosol generator delivers aerosol with the known aerosol output parameter that is at least partially contained within the enclosure around wearer's head. 5. The method of claim claim 1, wherein a size of the sensor and a weight of the sensor are selected such that the sensor does not interfere with a wearer's use of the respirator. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein a size of the sensor and a weight of the sensor are selected such that the sensor does not alter the fit of the respirator on a wearer. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensor is in electrical communication with the sensing element and is configured to sense a change in an electrical property of the sensing element. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensing element is configured to sense fluid-soluble particulate matter when a liquid layer is disposed in a gap between at least two electrodes on at least a part of the surface of the sensing element, wherein a fluid ionizable particle may at least partially dissolve and may at least partially ionize in the liquid layer, resulting in a change in an electrical property between at least two electrodes of the sensing element. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensor is configured to detect leakage of unfiltered air into the respirator. 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensing element is in removable communication with the sensor. 11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensor communicates with the reader about physical properties related to a gas within the respirator. 12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensor communicates with the reader about parameters used to assess performance of exercises by a wearer of the respirator. 13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensor communicates information to the reader about constituents of a gas or aerosol within the respirator and outside the respirator, respectively. 14. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensor and reader communicate with one another about one or more constituents of a gas or aerosol within the respirator. 15. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensor and reader communicate with one another about physical properties related to a gas within the interior gas space. 16. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensor and reader communicate parameters used to assess performance of exercises by a wearer of the respirator. 17. The method of claim 8, wherein at least one component of the liquid layer is provided by human breath. 18. The method of claim 8, wherein interaction of the fluid ionizable particle with the sensing element is at least partially influenced by human breath. 19. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensing element is configured to be mechanically separable from the sensor. 20. The method according to claim 18, wherein the sensing element is a fluid ionizable particulate matter detection element configured such that the condensing vapor does not condense uniformly on the surface of the element. 21-24. (canceled) | There is provided a fit testing method comprising: providing a respirator donned by a wearer; providing a sensor in electrical communication with a sensing element, where the sensor is configured to monitor a particulate concentration parameter of a gas space within the respirator, and a second particulate concentration parameter of a gas space outside the respirator, where the sensor is attached to the respirator such that the respirator such that the weight of the sensor is supported by the respirator; and providing a reader configured to communicate with the sensor, where the reader is configured to provide a respirator fit parameter based on a comparison of the particulate concentration within the respirator to the particulate concentration parameter outside the respirator.1. A fit testing method comprising:
providing a respirator donned by a wearer; providing a sensor in electrical communication with a sensing element, wherein the sensor is configured to monitor a particulate concentration parameter of a gas space within the respirator, and a second particulate concentration parameter of a gas space outside the respirator, wherein the sensor is attached to the respirator such that the respirator such that the weight of the sensor is supported by the respirator; and providing a reader configured to communicate with the sensor, wherein the reader is configured to provide a respirator fit parameter based on a comparison of the particulate concentration within the respirator to the particulate concentration parameter outside the respirator. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensor is mounted substantially on an exterior surface of the respirator. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising an aerosol generator with a known aerosol output parameter. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising an enclosure that is physically supported around the wearer's head, wherein the aerosol generator delivers aerosol with the known aerosol output parameter that is at least partially contained within the enclosure around wearer's head. 5. The method of claim claim 1, wherein a size of the sensor and a weight of the sensor are selected such that the sensor does not interfere with a wearer's use of the respirator. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein a size of the sensor and a weight of the sensor are selected such that the sensor does not alter the fit of the respirator on a wearer. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensor is in electrical communication with the sensing element and is configured to sense a change in an electrical property of the sensing element. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensing element is configured to sense fluid-soluble particulate matter when a liquid layer is disposed in a gap between at least two electrodes on at least a part of the surface of the sensing element, wherein a fluid ionizable particle may at least partially dissolve and may at least partially ionize in the liquid layer, resulting in a change in an electrical property between at least two electrodes of the sensing element. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensor is configured to detect leakage of unfiltered air into the respirator. 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensing element is in removable communication with the sensor. 11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensor communicates with the reader about physical properties related to a gas within the respirator. 12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensor communicates with the reader about parameters used to assess performance of exercises by a wearer of the respirator. 13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensor communicates information to the reader about constituents of a gas or aerosol within the respirator and outside the respirator, respectively. 14. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensor and reader communicate with one another about one or more constituents of a gas or aerosol within the respirator. 15. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensor and reader communicate with one another about physical properties related to a gas within the interior gas space. 16. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensor and reader communicate parameters used to assess performance of exercises by a wearer of the respirator. 17. The method of claim 8, wherein at least one component of the liquid layer is provided by human breath. 18. The method of claim 8, wherein interaction of the fluid ionizable particle with the sensing element is at least partially influenced by human breath. 19. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensing element is configured to be mechanically separable from the sensor. 20. The method according to claim 18, wherein the sensing element is a fluid ionizable particulate matter detection element configured such that the condensing vapor does not condense uniformly on the surface of the element. 21-24. (canceled) | 3,600 |
340,608 | 16,642,076 | 3,663 | A safe driving assistance device includes a region setting section that sets a collision risk determination region used for determining presence or absence of a collision risk of a host vehicle, and a determination section that determines a collision risk between the host vehicle and another vehicle using a host vehicle collision risk determination region, another vehicle collision risk determination region, and environment data. The host vehicle collision risk determination region of the host vehicle is set based on travel data of the host vehicle, a vehicle specification of the host vehicle, and the environment data obtained by the host vehicle. The other vehicle collision risk determination region is obtained by a vehicle-to-vehicle communication device. The other vehicle collision risk determination region is the collision risk determination region of the other vehicle as a collision risk determination target with the host vehicle set by the other vehicle. | 1. A safe driving assistance device comprising:
a position detecting device that obtains current position information of a vehicle; a vehicle speed sensor and a steering angle sensor that obtain travel data including a traveling direction and a speed; a storage device that stores a vehicle specification including a size of the vehicle; an environment recognition device that obtains environment data including an altitude of a geography; a vehicle-to-vehicle communication device that wirelessly and communicatively couples the vehicle to another vehicle; a region setting section that sets a collision risk determination region used for determining presence or absence of a collision risk of a host vehicle; and a determination section that sets a host vehicle collision risk determination region, the host vehicle collision risk determination region being the collision risk determination region of the host vehicle, based on travel data of the host vehicle, the vehicle specification of the host vehicle, and the environment data obtained by the host vehicle, obtains an other vehicle collision risk determination region through the vehicle-to-vehicle communication device, the other vehicle collision risk determination region being the collision risk determination region of the other vehicle as a collision risk determination target with the host vehicle set by the other vehicle, and determines a collision risk between the host vehicle and the other vehicle using the host vehicle collision risk determination region, the other vehicle collision risk determination region, and the environment data. 2. A safe driving assistance device comprising:
a position detecting device that obtains current position information of a vehicle; a vehicle speed sensor and a steering angle sensor that obtain travel data including a traveling direction and a speed; a storage device that stores a vehicle specification including a size of the vehicle; an environment recognition device that obtains environment data including an altitude of a geography and an other vehicle travel data as traveling information of another vehicle; a region setting section that sets a collision risk determination region used for determining presence or absence of a collision risk of a host vehicle; and a determination section that sets a host vehicle collision risk determination region, the host vehicle collision risk determination region being the collision risk determination region of the host vehicle, based on travel data of the host vehicle, the vehicle specification of the host vehicle, and the environment data obtained by the host vehicle, sets an other vehicle collision risk determination region based on the other vehicle travel data obtained by the environment recognition device, the other vehicle collision risk determination region being the collision risk determination region of the other vehicle as a collision risk determination target with the host vehicle set by the other vehicle, and determines a collision risk between the host vehicle and the other vehicle using the host vehicle collision risk determination region, the other vehicle collision risk determination region, and the environment data. 3. The safe driving assistance device according to claim 1,
wherein the determination section includes: an overlap determination section that determines presence or absence of an overlap between the host vehicle collision risk determination region and the other vehicle collision risk determination region to determine that the collision risk is present when the overlap is present; and a redetermination section that redetermines the collision risk by referring to the environment data and using the travel data and the vehicle specification when an obstacle region is present as a region having a height equal to or more than a preliminarily determined value between a current position of the host vehicle and a current position of the other vehicle on the environment data even if the overlap determination section determines that the collision risk is present. 4. The safe driving assistance device according to claim 3,
wherein the vehicle specification includes a diameter of a wheel of the host vehicle as a size of the vehicle, and the redetermination section redetermines that the collision risk is present or not when a ratio of the height of the obstacle region in the environment data to the diameter of the wheel of the host vehicle is less than a predetermined value, even if the obstacle region is present. 5. The safe driving assistance device according to claim 4,
wherein the redetermination section determines that no collision risk is present when a speed of the host vehicle is less than a preliminarily determined reference speed, even if the height of the obstacle region is less than a preliminarily determined size with respect to the diameter of the wheel of the host vehicle. 6. The safe driving assistance device according to claim 3,
wherein the redetermination section determines that the collision risk is present when a clearance region that has a height that allows the other vehicle as a collision risk determination target with the host vehicle to travel and has a width equal to or more than a width of the other vehicle is present on the environment data along the other vehicle collision risk determination region, even if the obstacle region is present. 7. The safe driving assistance device according to claim 1,
wherein the region setting section sets a region that has a length corresponding to the speed in a traveling direction of the vehicle as the collision risk determination region. 8. The safe driving assistance device according to claim 7,
wherein the region setting section changes the traveling direction along an obstacle region to set a second collision risk determination region when the obstacle region is present in the set collision risk determination region, and the obstacle region is a region that has a height equal to or more than a preliminarily determined value on the environment data. 9. The safe driving assistance device according to claim 1, further comprising
a warning section that outputs a warning when the determination section determines that the collision risk is present. | A safe driving assistance device includes a region setting section that sets a collision risk determination region used for determining presence or absence of a collision risk of a host vehicle, and a determination section that determines a collision risk between the host vehicle and another vehicle using a host vehicle collision risk determination region, another vehicle collision risk determination region, and environment data. The host vehicle collision risk determination region of the host vehicle is set based on travel data of the host vehicle, a vehicle specification of the host vehicle, and the environment data obtained by the host vehicle. The other vehicle collision risk determination region is obtained by a vehicle-to-vehicle communication device. The other vehicle collision risk determination region is the collision risk determination region of the other vehicle as a collision risk determination target with the host vehicle set by the other vehicle.1. A safe driving assistance device comprising:
a position detecting device that obtains current position information of a vehicle; a vehicle speed sensor and a steering angle sensor that obtain travel data including a traveling direction and a speed; a storage device that stores a vehicle specification including a size of the vehicle; an environment recognition device that obtains environment data including an altitude of a geography; a vehicle-to-vehicle communication device that wirelessly and communicatively couples the vehicle to another vehicle; a region setting section that sets a collision risk determination region used for determining presence or absence of a collision risk of a host vehicle; and a determination section that sets a host vehicle collision risk determination region, the host vehicle collision risk determination region being the collision risk determination region of the host vehicle, based on travel data of the host vehicle, the vehicle specification of the host vehicle, and the environment data obtained by the host vehicle, obtains an other vehicle collision risk determination region through the vehicle-to-vehicle communication device, the other vehicle collision risk determination region being the collision risk determination region of the other vehicle as a collision risk determination target with the host vehicle set by the other vehicle, and determines a collision risk between the host vehicle and the other vehicle using the host vehicle collision risk determination region, the other vehicle collision risk determination region, and the environment data. 2. A safe driving assistance device comprising:
a position detecting device that obtains current position information of a vehicle; a vehicle speed sensor and a steering angle sensor that obtain travel data including a traveling direction and a speed; a storage device that stores a vehicle specification including a size of the vehicle; an environment recognition device that obtains environment data including an altitude of a geography and an other vehicle travel data as traveling information of another vehicle; a region setting section that sets a collision risk determination region used for determining presence or absence of a collision risk of a host vehicle; and a determination section that sets a host vehicle collision risk determination region, the host vehicle collision risk determination region being the collision risk determination region of the host vehicle, based on travel data of the host vehicle, the vehicle specification of the host vehicle, and the environment data obtained by the host vehicle, sets an other vehicle collision risk determination region based on the other vehicle travel data obtained by the environment recognition device, the other vehicle collision risk determination region being the collision risk determination region of the other vehicle as a collision risk determination target with the host vehicle set by the other vehicle, and determines a collision risk between the host vehicle and the other vehicle using the host vehicle collision risk determination region, the other vehicle collision risk determination region, and the environment data. 3. The safe driving assistance device according to claim 1,
wherein the determination section includes: an overlap determination section that determines presence or absence of an overlap between the host vehicle collision risk determination region and the other vehicle collision risk determination region to determine that the collision risk is present when the overlap is present; and a redetermination section that redetermines the collision risk by referring to the environment data and using the travel data and the vehicle specification when an obstacle region is present as a region having a height equal to or more than a preliminarily determined value between a current position of the host vehicle and a current position of the other vehicle on the environment data even if the overlap determination section determines that the collision risk is present. 4. The safe driving assistance device according to claim 3,
wherein the vehicle specification includes a diameter of a wheel of the host vehicle as a size of the vehicle, and the redetermination section redetermines that the collision risk is present or not when a ratio of the height of the obstacle region in the environment data to the diameter of the wheel of the host vehicle is less than a predetermined value, even if the obstacle region is present. 5. The safe driving assistance device according to claim 4,
wherein the redetermination section determines that no collision risk is present when a speed of the host vehicle is less than a preliminarily determined reference speed, even if the height of the obstacle region is less than a preliminarily determined size with respect to the diameter of the wheel of the host vehicle. 6. The safe driving assistance device according to claim 3,
wherein the redetermination section determines that the collision risk is present when a clearance region that has a height that allows the other vehicle as a collision risk determination target with the host vehicle to travel and has a width equal to or more than a width of the other vehicle is present on the environment data along the other vehicle collision risk determination region, even if the obstacle region is present. 7. The safe driving assistance device according to claim 1,
wherein the region setting section sets a region that has a length corresponding to the speed in a traveling direction of the vehicle as the collision risk determination region. 8. The safe driving assistance device according to claim 7,
wherein the region setting section changes the traveling direction along an obstacle region to set a second collision risk determination region when the obstacle region is present in the set collision risk determination region, and the obstacle region is a region that has a height equal to or more than a preliminarily determined value on the environment data. 9. The safe driving assistance device according to claim 1, further comprising
a warning section that outputs a warning when the determination section determines that the collision risk is present. | 3,600 |
340,609 | 16,642,090 | 3,663 | The active matrix substrate includes a demultiplexer circuit disposed in a peripheral region. Unit circuits of the demultiplexer circuit each distribute a display signal from one signal output line to n source bus lines (n: two or greater). Each unit circuit includes n branch lines and n switching TFTs configured to perform individual on/off control of electrical connections of the branch lines to the source bus lines. The demultiplexer circuit includes a plurality of boost circuits each configured to boost a voltage applied to a gate electrode of a corresponding one of the switching TFTs. Each boost circuit includes: a set-and-reset unit configured to perform set operation of pre-charging a node connected to the gate electrode and reset operation of resetting the potential of the node at different timings; and a boost unit configured to perform boost operation of boosting the potential of the node pre-charged by the set operation. | 1. An active matrix substrate including a display region having a plurality of pixel regions and a peripheral region located in a periphery of the display region, the active matrix substrate comprising:
a substrate; a plurality of gate bus lines and a plurality of source bus lines on the substrate; a source driver disposed in the peripheral region and including a plurality of output terminals; a plurality of signal output lines each connected to a corresponding one of the plurality of output terminals of the source driver; and a demultiplexer circuit which includes a plurality of unit circuits supported by the substrate and which is disposed in the peripheral region, wherein each of the plurality of unit circuits of the demultiplexer circuit distributes a display signal from one signal output line of the plurality of signal output lines to n source bus lines of the plurality of source bus lines, where n is an integer larger than or equal to 2, each of the plurality of unit circuits includes
n branch lines connected to the one signal output line, and
n switching TFTs each connected to a corresponding one of the n branch lines, the n switching TFTs being configured to perform individual on/off control of electrical connections of the n branch lines to the n source bus lines,
the demultiplexer circuit further includes a plurality of boost circuits each configured to boost a voltage applied to a gate electrode of a corresponding one of the n switching TFTs, and each of the plurality of boost circuits includes
a set-and-reset unit configured to perform a set operation of pre-charging a node connected to the gate electrode and a reset operation of resetting potential of the node at different timings, and
a boost unit configured to perform a boost operation of boosting the potential of the node pre-charged by the set operation performed by the set-and-reset unit. 2. The active matrix substrate according to claim 1, wherein
the demultiplexer circuit includes
a first drive signal line and a second drive signal line via which a first drive signal and a second drive signal are respectively supplied to the set-and-reset unit, and
a third drive signal line via which a third drive signal is supplied to the boost unit. 3. The active matrix substrate according to claim 2, wherein
the set-and-reset unit includes at least one setting-and-resetting TFT having a gate electrode connected to the second drive signal line, a source electrode, and a drain electrode, one of the source electrode and the drain electrode being connected to the first drive signal line, and the other of the source electrode and the drain electrode being connected to the node, and the boost unit includes a boosting capacitive element having a first capacitance electrode connected to the third drive signal line and a second capacitance electrode connected to the node. 4. The active matrix substrate according to claim 3, wherein
the set-and-reset unit includes the at least one setting-and-resetting TFT including only one setting-and-resetting TFT. 5. (canceled) 6. The active matrix substrate according to claims 3, wherein
the first drive signal, the second drive signal, and the third drive signal each have a periodic waveform including a change from a low level to a high level and a change from the high level to the low level, the set operation is performed when both the first drive signal and the second drive signal are at the high level, the boost operation is performed when the third drive signal is at the high level, and the reset operation is performed when the first drive signal is at the low level and the second drive signal is at the high level. 7. The active matrix substrate according to claims 2, wherein
the n switching TFTs included in each of the plurality of unit circuits include a first switching TFT and a second switching TFT which are brought into an ON state at different timings in one horizontal scan period, and the plurality of boost circuits include a first boost circuit connected to the first switching TFT and a second boost circuit connected to the second switching TFT. 8. The active matrix substrate according to claim 7, wherein
the first drive signal line for the first boost circuit serves also as the second drive signal line for the second boost circuit, and the first drive signal line for the second boost circuit serves also as the second drive signal line for the first boost circuit. 9. The active matrix substrate according to claim 7, wherein
within a time period during which the boost operation is performed by the boost unit of the first boost circuit, the set operation is performed by the set-and-reset unit of the second boost circuit. 10. The active matrix substrate according to claims 2, wherein
the first drive signal, the second drive signal, and the third drive signal each have a periodic waveform including a change from a low level to a high level and a change from the high level to the low level, and one period of the periodic waveform is a time corresponding to one horizontal scan period. 11. The active matrix substrate according to claims 2, wherein
the first drive signal, the second drive signal, and the third drive signal each have a periodic waveform including a change from a low level to a high level and a change from the high level to the low level, and one period of the periodic waveform is a time corresponding to two horizontal scan periods. 12. The active matrix substrate according to claims 1, wherein
each of the plurality of boost circuits performs, prior to the reset operation, pull-down operation of pulling down the potential of the node boosted by the boost operation to the potential achieved when the node is pre-charged by the set operation. 13. The active matrix substrate according to claims 1, wherein
the n switching TFTs included in each of the plurality of unit circuits are two switching TFTs, and the plurality of boost circuits each include two boost circuits each of which is connected to a corresponding one of the two switching TFTs. 14. The active matrix substrate according to claims 1, wherein
the n switching TFTs included in each of the plurality of unit circuits are two switching TFTs, the two switching TFTs are a first switching TFT and a second switching TFT which are brought into an ON state at different timings in one horizontal scan period, and the plurality of boost circuits include a first boost circuit commonly connected to the first switching TFTs of two unit circuits of the plurality of unit circuits and a second boost circuit commonly connected to the second switching TFTs of the two unit circuits. 15. The active matrix substrate according to claims 1, wherein
the n switching TFTs included in each of the plurality of unit circuits are two switching TFTs, the two switching TFTs are a first switching TFT and a second switching TFT which are brought into an ON state at different timings in one horizontal scan period, and the plurality of boost circuits include a first boost circuit commonly connected to the first switching TFTs of three or more unit circuits of the plurality of unit circuits and a second boost circuit commonly connected to the second switching TFTs of the three or more unit circuits. 16. The active matrix substrate according to claims 1, wherein
the n switching TFTs included in each of the plurality of unit circuits are three switching TFTs, each of the plurality of unit circuits includes three boost circuits of the plurality of boost circuits, and each of the three boost circuits is connected to a corresponding one of the three switching TFTs. 17. The active matrix substrate according to claims 1, wherein
the n switching TFTs included in each of the plurality of unit circuits are three switching TFTs, the three switching TFTs are a first switching TFT, a second switching TFT, and a third switching TFT which are brought into an ON state at different timings in one horizontal scan period, and the plurality of boost circuits include
a first boost circuit commonly connected to the first switching TFTs of two unit circuits of the plurality of unit circuits,
a second boost circuit commonly connected to the second switching TFTs of the two unit circuits, and
a third boost circuit commonly connected to the third switching TFTs of the two unit circuits. 18. The active matrix substrate according to claims 1, wherein
the n switching TFTs included in each of the plurality of unit circuits are three switching TFTs, the three switching TFTs are a first switching TFT, a second switching TFT, and a third switching TFT which are brought into an ON state at different timings in one horizontal scan period, and the plurality of boost circuits include
a first boost circuit commonly connected to the first switching TFTs of three or more unit circuits of the plurality of unit circuits,
a second boost circuit commonly connected to the second switching TFTs of the three or more unit circuits, and
a third boost circuit commonly connected to the third switching TFTs of the three or more unit circuits. 19. The active matrix substrate according to claims 1, wherein
the demultiplexer circuit further includes a plurality of clear circuits each connected to a corresponding one of the plurality of boost circuits and each configured to initialize the corresponding one of the plurality of boost circuits at a prescribed timing. 20. The active matrix substrate according to referring to claim 2, wherein
the demultiplexer circuit further includes a plurality of clear circuits each connected to a corresponding one of the plurality of boost circuits and each configured to initialize the corresponding one of the plurality of boost circuits at a prescribed timing, each of the plurality of clear circuits includes a clearing TFT including a gate electrode to which a clear signal is supplied, and a source electrode and a drain electrode, one of the source electrode and the drain electrode being connected to the node, and the other of the source electrode and the drain electrode being connected to the first drive signal line. 21. The active matrix substrate according to claims 1, wherein
the plurality of boost circuits include two or more boost circuits which are driven at the same timing, and the demultiplexer circuit includes
a first drive signal line group via which a drive signal group for driving some boost circuits of the two or more boost circuits is supplied and
a second drive signal line group via which a drive signal group for driving some other boost circuits of the two or more boost circuits is supplied, the second drive signal line group being different from the first drive signal line group. 22. The active matrix substrate according to claims 1, wherein
each of the n switching TFTs includes an oxide semiconductor layer as an active layer. 23. The active matrix substrate according to claim 22, wherein
the oxide semiconductor layer includes an In—Ga—Zn—O-based semiconductor. 24-25. (canceled) 26. A display device comprising the active matrix substrate according to claim 1. | The active matrix substrate includes a demultiplexer circuit disposed in a peripheral region. Unit circuits of the demultiplexer circuit each distribute a display signal from one signal output line to n source bus lines (n: two or greater). Each unit circuit includes n branch lines and n switching TFTs configured to perform individual on/off control of electrical connections of the branch lines to the source bus lines. The demultiplexer circuit includes a plurality of boost circuits each configured to boost a voltage applied to a gate electrode of a corresponding one of the switching TFTs. Each boost circuit includes: a set-and-reset unit configured to perform set operation of pre-charging a node connected to the gate electrode and reset operation of resetting the potential of the node at different timings; and a boost unit configured to perform boost operation of boosting the potential of the node pre-charged by the set operation.1. An active matrix substrate including a display region having a plurality of pixel regions and a peripheral region located in a periphery of the display region, the active matrix substrate comprising:
a substrate; a plurality of gate bus lines and a plurality of source bus lines on the substrate; a source driver disposed in the peripheral region and including a plurality of output terminals; a plurality of signal output lines each connected to a corresponding one of the plurality of output terminals of the source driver; and a demultiplexer circuit which includes a plurality of unit circuits supported by the substrate and which is disposed in the peripheral region, wherein each of the plurality of unit circuits of the demultiplexer circuit distributes a display signal from one signal output line of the plurality of signal output lines to n source bus lines of the plurality of source bus lines, where n is an integer larger than or equal to 2, each of the plurality of unit circuits includes
n branch lines connected to the one signal output line, and
n switching TFTs each connected to a corresponding one of the n branch lines, the n switching TFTs being configured to perform individual on/off control of electrical connections of the n branch lines to the n source bus lines,
the demultiplexer circuit further includes a plurality of boost circuits each configured to boost a voltage applied to a gate electrode of a corresponding one of the n switching TFTs, and each of the plurality of boost circuits includes
a set-and-reset unit configured to perform a set operation of pre-charging a node connected to the gate electrode and a reset operation of resetting potential of the node at different timings, and
a boost unit configured to perform a boost operation of boosting the potential of the node pre-charged by the set operation performed by the set-and-reset unit. 2. The active matrix substrate according to claim 1, wherein
the demultiplexer circuit includes
a first drive signal line and a second drive signal line via which a first drive signal and a second drive signal are respectively supplied to the set-and-reset unit, and
a third drive signal line via which a third drive signal is supplied to the boost unit. 3. The active matrix substrate according to claim 2, wherein
the set-and-reset unit includes at least one setting-and-resetting TFT having a gate electrode connected to the second drive signal line, a source electrode, and a drain electrode, one of the source electrode and the drain electrode being connected to the first drive signal line, and the other of the source electrode and the drain electrode being connected to the node, and the boost unit includes a boosting capacitive element having a first capacitance electrode connected to the third drive signal line and a second capacitance electrode connected to the node. 4. The active matrix substrate according to claim 3, wherein
the set-and-reset unit includes the at least one setting-and-resetting TFT including only one setting-and-resetting TFT. 5. (canceled) 6. The active matrix substrate according to claims 3, wherein
the first drive signal, the second drive signal, and the third drive signal each have a periodic waveform including a change from a low level to a high level and a change from the high level to the low level, the set operation is performed when both the first drive signal and the second drive signal are at the high level, the boost operation is performed when the third drive signal is at the high level, and the reset operation is performed when the first drive signal is at the low level and the second drive signal is at the high level. 7. The active matrix substrate according to claims 2, wherein
the n switching TFTs included in each of the plurality of unit circuits include a first switching TFT and a second switching TFT which are brought into an ON state at different timings in one horizontal scan period, and the plurality of boost circuits include a first boost circuit connected to the first switching TFT and a second boost circuit connected to the second switching TFT. 8. The active matrix substrate according to claim 7, wherein
the first drive signal line for the first boost circuit serves also as the second drive signal line for the second boost circuit, and the first drive signal line for the second boost circuit serves also as the second drive signal line for the first boost circuit. 9. The active matrix substrate according to claim 7, wherein
within a time period during which the boost operation is performed by the boost unit of the first boost circuit, the set operation is performed by the set-and-reset unit of the second boost circuit. 10. The active matrix substrate according to claims 2, wherein
the first drive signal, the second drive signal, and the third drive signal each have a periodic waveform including a change from a low level to a high level and a change from the high level to the low level, and one period of the periodic waveform is a time corresponding to one horizontal scan period. 11. The active matrix substrate according to claims 2, wherein
the first drive signal, the second drive signal, and the third drive signal each have a periodic waveform including a change from a low level to a high level and a change from the high level to the low level, and one period of the periodic waveform is a time corresponding to two horizontal scan periods. 12. The active matrix substrate according to claims 1, wherein
each of the plurality of boost circuits performs, prior to the reset operation, pull-down operation of pulling down the potential of the node boosted by the boost operation to the potential achieved when the node is pre-charged by the set operation. 13. The active matrix substrate according to claims 1, wherein
the n switching TFTs included in each of the plurality of unit circuits are two switching TFTs, and the plurality of boost circuits each include two boost circuits each of which is connected to a corresponding one of the two switching TFTs. 14. The active matrix substrate according to claims 1, wherein
the n switching TFTs included in each of the plurality of unit circuits are two switching TFTs, the two switching TFTs are a first switching TFT and a second switching TFT which are brought into an ON state at different timings in one horizontal scan period, and the plurality of boost circuits include a first boost circuit commonly connected to the first switching TFTs of two unit circuits of the plurality of unit circuits and a second boost circuit commonly connected to the second switching TFTs of the two unit circuits. 15. The active matrix substrate according to claims 1, wherein
the n switching TFTs included in each of the plurality of unit circuits are two switching TFTs, the two switching TFTs are a first switching TFT and a second switching TFT which are brought into an ON state at different timings in one horizontal scan period, and the plurality of boost circuits include a first boost circuit commonly connected to the first switching TFTs of three or more unit circuits of the plurality of unit circuits and a second boost circuit commonly connected to the second switching TFTs of the three or more unit circuits. 16. The active matrix substrate according to claims 1, wherein
the n switching TFTs included in each of the plurality of unit circuits are three switching TFTs, each of the plurality of unit circuits includes three boost circuits of the plurality of boost circuits, and each of the three boost circuits is connected to a corresponding one of the three switching TFTs. 17. The active matrix substrate according to claims 1, wherein
the n switching TFTs included in each of the plurality of unit circuits are three switching TFTs, the three switching TFTs are a first switching TFT, a second switching TFT, and a third switching TFT which are brought into an ON state at different timings in one horizontal scan period, and the plurality of boost circuits include
a first boost circuit commonly connected to the first switching TFTs of two unit circuits of the plurality of unit circuits,
a second boost circuit commonly connected to the second switching TFTs of the two unit circuits, and
a third boost circuit commonly connected to the third switching TFTs of the two unit circuits. 18. The active matrix substrate according to claims 1, wherein
the n switching TFTs included in each of the plurality of unit circuits are three switching TFTs, the three switching TFTs are a first switching TFT, a second switching TFT, and a third switching TFT which are brought into an ON state at different timings in one horizontal scan period, and the plurality of boost circuits include
a first boost circuit commonly connected to the first switching TFTs of three or more unit circuits of the plurality of unit circuits,
a second boost circuit commonly connected to the second switching TFTs of the three or more unit circuits, and
a third boost circuit commonly connected to the third switching TFTs of the three or more unit circuits. 19. The active matrix substrate according to claims 1, wherein
the demultiplexer circuit further includes a plurality of clear circuits each connected to a corresponding one of the plurality of boost circuits and each configured to initialize the corresponding one of the plurality of boost circuits at a prescribed timing. 20. The active matrix substrate according to referring to claim 2, wherein
the demultiplexer circuit further includes a plurality of clear circuits each connected to a corresponding one of the plurality of boost circuits and each configured to initialize the corresponding one of the plurality of boost circuits at a prescribed timing, each of the plurality of clear circuits includes a clearing TFT including a gate electrode to which a clear signal is supplied, and a source electrode and a drain electrode, one of the source electrode and the drain electrode being connected to the node, and the other of the source electrode and the drain electrode being connected to the first drive signal line. 21. The active matrix substrate according to claims 1, wherein
the plurality of boost circuits include two or more boost circuits which are driven at the same timing, and the demultiplexer circuit includes
a first drive signal line group via which a drive signal group for driving some boost circuits of the two or more boost circuits is supplied and
a second drive signal line group via which a drive signal group for driving some other boost circuits of the two or more boost circuits is supplied, the second drive signal line group being different from the first drive signal line group. 22. The active matrix substrate according to claims 1, wherein
each of the n switching TFTs includes an oxide semiconductor layer as an active layer. 23. The active matrix substrate according to claim 22, wherein
the oxide semiconductor layer includes an In—Ga—Zn—O-based semiconductor. 24-25. (canceled) 26. A display device comprising the active matrix substrate according to claim 1. | 3,600 |
340,610 | 16,642,057 | 3,663 | An inner drum of a washing machine has a plurality of hollow lifting ribs arranged on the side wall of the drum that communicate with the interior of the drum. At least one drainage port communicating with the hollow portions of the lifting ribs is formed in the side wall of the drum. A sealing valve is located inside each lifting rib at each drainage port. During high-speed rotation of the drum, valve bodies of the sealing valves move along a radial center direction of the drum under a centrifugal force, to open the drainage ports. Through this arrangement, discharging water flow in the drum to the outside from the hidden drainage ports is achieved. Meanwhile, centrifugal force during the high-speed rotation of the drum is used to control valve cores of the sealing valves such that the drainage ports are automatically opened for drainage from the drum. | 1. A washing machine comprising an inner drum, wherein:
the inner drum of the washing machine is an enclosed container after an opening is fastened by a door cover; a plurality of lifting ribs is arranged on a side wall of the inner drum; a hollow portion is arranged in each of the lifting ribs and communicates with an interior of the inner drum; a drainage port communicating with the hollow portion of each of the lifting ribs is formed in the side wall of the inner drum; a sealing valve located inside each of the lifting ribs is arranged at the drainage port; and during a high-speed rotation of the inner drum, a valve body of the sealing valve moves along a radial direction to a center of the inner drum under an action of a centrifugal force, to open the drainage port formed in the side wall of the inner drum. 2. The washing machine according to claim 1, wherein: a circle of gap is formed between a bottom portion of each of the lifting ribs and the side wall of the inner drum, and the gap constitutes a water flow passage enabling the hollow portion of each of the lifting ribs to communicate with the interior of the inner drum. 3. The washing machine according to claim 1, wherein: the drainage port is formed in a position, corresponding to the hollow portion of each of the lifting ribs, of the side wall of the inner drum and enables the hollow portion of each of the lifting ribs to communicate with outside, so as to discharge washing water flowing into the hollow portion of each of the lifting ribs through the drainage port. 4. The washing machine according to claim 1, wherein: the sealing valve comprises the valve body and a balancing weight; the valve body and the balancing weight are fixedly connected with two ends of a supporting rod, respectively; a middle portion of the supporting rod is in contact with the inner drum, so that, during the high-speed rotation of the inner drum, the balancing weight moves up and down along the radial direction of the inner drum under the action of the centrifugal force, and the valve body are lifted by the supporting rod to generate a displacement opposite to a motion direction of the balancing weight along the radial direction of the inner drum. 5. The washing machine according to claim 4, wherein: the supporting rod comprises a first rod portion and a second rod portion which are arranged in a staggered manner; a joint of the first rod portion and the second rod portion is lower than both an end portion of the first rod portion and an end portion of the second rod portion, and the joint of the first rod portion and the second rod portion is in contact with the inner drum, so that the valve body and the balancing weight at the two ends of the supporting rod rotatably move up and down around the joint. 6. The washing machine according to claim 5, wherein: the end portion of the first rod portion is hinged with the valve body, and the end portion of the second rod portion is fixedly connected with the balancing weight; and
an axial length of the first rod portion is less than an axial length of the second rod portion. 7. The washing machine according to claim 3, wherein: the hollow portion of each of the lifting ribs is provided with a mounting seat fixed to the side wall of the inner drum; the valve body of the sealing valve is mounted on the mounting seat and is movable along the radial direction of the inner drum; a first end of the valve body penetrates out of the mounting seat and is connected with an end portion of the supporting rod, and a second end of the valve body is arranged corresponding to the drainage port formed in the side wall of the inner drum. 8. The washing machine according to claim 7, wherein: the mounting seat is a tapered body arranged correspondingly coaxial with the drainage port; the tapered body is hollow inside to mount the valve body; the first end of the valve body penetrates a top portion of the tapered body and is hinged with the supporting rod, and the second end of the valve body is provided with a plug for correspondingly sealing the drainage port. 9. The washing machine according to claim 4, wherein: the valve body of the sealing valve and/or the supporting rod are connected with the inner drum through an elastic recovery member, so that an elastic force is applied to the valve body and pushes the valve body to close the drainage port, and the centrifugal force counteracts the elastic force of the elastic recovery member during the high-speed rotation of the inner drum to enable the valve body to move to open the drainage port. 10. The washing machine according to claim 9, wherein: the lifting ribs extend along an axial direction of the inner drum; each of front and rear ends of the hollow portion of each of the lifting ribs is provided with at least one drainage port; the sealing valve is correspondingly mounted at each drainage port; and the balancing weights of sealing valves are both deviated towards a center direction of the inner drum relative to the drainage ports. 11. The washing machine according to claim 5, wherein: the valve body of the sealing valve and/or the supporting rod are connected with the inner drum through an elastic recovery member, so that an elastic force is applied to the valve body and pushes the valve body to close the drainage port, and the centrifugal force counteracts the elastic force of the elastic recovery member during the high-speed rotation of the inner drum to enable the valve body to move to open the drainage port. 12. The washing machine according to claim 6, wherein: the valve body of the sealing valve and/or the supporting rod are connected with the inner drum through an elastic recovery member, so that an elastic force is applied to the valve body and pushes the valve body to close the drainage port, and the centrifugal force counteracts the elastic force of the elastic recovery member during the high-speed rotation of the inner drum to enable the valve body to move to open the drainage port. 13. The washing machine according to claim 8, wherein: a diameter of an opening of the top portion of the tapered body is less than a diameter of a periphery of the plug, to avoid the plug from falling off from the mounting seat. 14. The washing machine according to claim 8, wherein: a joint of the supporting rod and the top portion of the tapered body is a limiting contact point, so that the joint of the supporting rod and the top portion of the tapered body is used as a supporting point to enable the balancing weight at the end portion of the supporting rod to move up and down around the supporting point. 15. The washing machine according to claim 9, wherein: the elastic recovery member is a spring; the spring is arranged on the periphery of the valve body and extends along the radial direction of the inner drum; and two ends of the spring are respectively in limiting contact with the plug of the valve body and a top end of the mounting seat, the spring is clamped between the valve body and the mounting seat. | An inner drum of a washing machine has a plurality of hollow lifting ribs arranged on the side wall of the drum that communicate with the interior of the drum. At least one drainage port communicating with the hollow portions of the lifting ribs is formed in the side wall of the drum. A sealing valve is located inside each lifting rib at each drainage port. During high-speed rotation of the drum, valve bodies of the sealing valves move along a radial center direction of the drum under a centrifugal force, to open the drainage ports. Through this arrangement, discharging water flow in the drum to the outside from the hidden drainage ports is achieved. Meanwhile, centrifugal force during the high-speed rotation of the drum is used to control valve cores of the sealing valves such that the drainage ports are automatically opened for drainage from the drum.1. A washing machine comprising an inner drum, wherein:
the inner drum of the washing machine is an enclosed container after an opening is fastened by a door cover; a plurality of lifting ribs is arranged on a side wall of the inner drum; a hollow portion is arranged in each of the lifting ribs and communicates with an interior of the inner drum; a drainage port communicating with the hollow portion of each of the lifting ribs is formed in the side wall of the inner drum; a sealing valve located inside each of the lifting ribs is arranged at the drainage port; and during a high-speed rotation of the inner drum, a valve body of the sealing valve moves along a radial direction to a center of the inner drum under an action of a centrifugal force, to open the drainage port formed in the side wall of the inner drum. 2. The washing machine according to claim 1, wherein: a circle of gap is formed between a bottom portion of each of the lifting ribs and the side wall of the inner drum, and the gap constitutes a water flow passage enabling the hollow portion of each of the lifting ribs to communicate with the interior of the inner drum. 3. The washing machine according to claim 1, wherein: the drainage port is formed in a position, corresponding to the hollow portion of each of the lifting ribs, of the side wall of the inner drum and enables the hollow portion of each of the lifting ribs to communicate with outside, so as to discharge washing water flowing into the hollow portion of each of the lifting ribs through the drainage port. 4. The washing machine according to claim 1, wherein: the sealing valve comprises the valve body and a balancing weight; the valve body and the balancing weight are fixedly connected with two ends of a supporting rod, respectively; a middle portion of the supporting rod is in contact with the inner drum, so that, during the high-speed rotation of the inner drum, the balancing weight moves up and down along the radial direction of the inner drum under the action of the centrifugal force, and the valve body are lifted by the supporting rod to generate a displacement opposite to a motion direction of the balancing weight along the radial direction of the inner drum. 5. The washing machine according to claim 4, wherein: the supporting rod comprises a first rod portion and a second rod portion which are arranged in a staggered manner; a joint of the first rod portion and the second rod portion is lower than both an end portion of the first rod portion and an end portion of the second rod portion, and the joint of the first rod portion and the second rod portion is in contact with the inner drum, so that the valve body and the balancing weight at the two ends of the supporting rod rotatably move up and down around the joint. 6. The washing machine according to claim 5, wherein: the end portion of the first rod portion is hinged with the valve body, and the end portion of the second rod portion is fixedly connected with the balancing weight; and
an axial length of the first rod portion is less than an axial length of the second rod portion. 7. The washing machine according to claim 3, wherein: the hollow portion of each of the lifting ribs is provided with a mounting seat fixed to the side wall of the inner drum; the valve body of the sealing valve is mounted on the mounting seat and is movable along the radial direction of the inner drum; a first end of the valve body penetrates out of the mounting seat and is connected with an end portion of the supporting rod, and a second end of the valve body is arranged corresponding to the drainage port formed in the side wall of the inner drum. 8. The washing machine according to claim 7, wherein: the mounting seat is a tapered body arranged correspondingly coaxial with the drainage port; the tapered body is hollow inside to mount the valve body; the first end of the valve body penetrates a top portion of the tapered body and is hinged with the supporting rod, and the second end of the valve body is provided with a plug for correspondingly sealing the drainage port. 9. The washing machine according to claim 4, wherein: the valve body of the sealing valve and/or the supporting rod are connected with the inner drum through an elastic recovery member, so that an elastic force is applied to the valve body and pushes the valve body to close the drainage port, and the centrifugal force counteracts the elastic force of the elastic recovery member during the high-speed rotation of the inner drum to enable the valve body to move to open the drainage port. 10. The washing machine according to claim 9, wherein: the lifting ribs extend along an axial direction of the inner drum; each of front and rear ends of the hollow portion of each of the lifting ribs is provided with at least one drainage port; the sealing valve is correspondingly mounted at each drainage port; and the balancing weights of sealing valves are both deviated towards a center direction of the inner drum relative to the drainage ports. 11. The washing machine according to claim 5, wherein: the valve body of the sealing valve and/or the supporting rod are connected with the inner drum through an elastic recovery member, so that an elastic force is applied to the valve body and pushes the valve body to close the drainage port, and the centrifugal force counteracts the elastic force of the elastic recovery member during the high-speed rotation of the inner drum to enable the valve body to move to open the drainage port. 12. The washing machine according to claim 6, wherein: the valve body of the sealing valve and/or the supporting rod are connected with the inner drum through an elastic recovery member, so that an elastic force is applied to the valve body and pushes the valve body to close the drainage port, and the centrifugal force counteracts the elastic force of the elastic recovery member during the high-speed rotation of the inner drum to enable the valve body to move to open the drainage port. 13. The washing machine according to claim 8, wherein: a diameter of an opening of the top portion of the tapered body is less than a diameter of a periphery of the plug, to avoid the plug from falling off from the mounting seat. 14. The washing machine according to claim 8, wherein: a joint of the supporting rod and the top portion of the tapered body is a limiting contact point, so that the joint of the supporting rod and the top portion of the tapered body is used as a supporting point to enable the balancing weight at the end portion of the supporting rod to move up and down around the supporting point. 15. The washing machine according to claim 9, wherein: the elastic recovery member is a spring; the spring is arranged on the periphery of the valve body and extends along the radial direction of the inner drum; and two ends of the spring are respectively in limiting contact with the plug of the valve body and a top end of the mounting seat, the spring is clamped between the valve body and the mounting seat. | 3,600 |
340,611 | 16,642,079 | 3,663 | A process for responding to location-variable group electronic digital assistant requests includes monitoring audio communications transmitted between a plurality of communication devices (CDs) on a group communication channel (CC) and detecting an audio inquiry from a first CD of the plurality of CDs. A location of each CD is determined, including different first and second determined locations of the first and second CDs. The audio inquiry is processed and it is determined that a response will vary based on the different first and second locations. Two different first and second responses to the audio inquiry are generated as a function of the determined locations and are caused to be provide to respective ones of the first and second CDs via one of (i) two private call CCs, (ii) one individual private call CC and the group CC, and (iii) the group CC and a second group CC. | 1. A method for responding to location-variable group electronic digital assistant requests, the method comprising:
monitoring, at an electronic computing device, audio communications transmitted between a plurality of communication devices on a group communication channel, wherein the plurality of communication devices are members of a communication group associated with the group communication channel; detecting, at the electronic computing device, from the audio communications, an audio inquiry from a first communication device of the plurality of communication devices; determining, by the electronic computing device, a location of each communication device in the communication group including first and second determined locations of the first communication device and a second communication device of the communication group, the first and second determined locations being different from one another; processing, at the electronic computing device, the audio inquiry and determining, by the electronic computing device, that a response will vary for at least the first and the second communication device of the communication group based on the first and second determined locations; generating, by the electronic computing device, at least two different first and second responses to the audio inquiry for the first and second communication devices as a function of first and second determined locations of the first and second communication devices of the communication group; and causing, by the electronic computing device, the generated at least two different first and second responses to the audio inquiry to be provided to respective ones of the first and second communication devices individually via one of (i) two private call communication channels, (ii) one individual private call communication channel and the group communication channel, and (iii) the group communication channel and a separate second group communication channel. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein providing the generated at least two different first and second responses to the audio inquiry to the first and second communication devices comprises providing the generated at least two different first and second responses to the audio inquiry to the first and second communication devices via two private call communication channels. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein no generated response to the audio inquiry is provided on the group communication channel. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein a pre-stored audio indicator is played back via the group communication channel, the pre-stored audio indicator indicating that all responses to the audio inquiry are being provided individually and none over the group communication channel. 5. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
generating a different third response to the audio inquiry for remaining one or more communication devices in the communication group, other than the first and second communication devices, as a function of a determined substantially similar location of each of the remaining one or more communication devices in the communication group; and providing the generated third response to the audio inquiry to the remaining one or more communication devices in the communication group via the group communication channel. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein providing the generated at least two different first and second responses to the audio inquiry to the first and second communication devices comprises providing the generated at least two different first and second responses to the audio inquiry to the first and second communication devices via one individual private call communication channel and the group communication channel. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the different first and second responses to the audio inquiry comprises:
generating the different first and second responses to the audio inquiry based on one or both of content extracted from the monitored audio communications and content accessed from one or more local or remote databases. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein processing the audio inquiry comprises:
extracting one or more keywords from the audio inquiry; and determining, based on the extracted one or more keywords, that the audio inquiry corresponds to a request for directions to a particular geographic destination location. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the two different first and second responses provided to the first and second communication devices set forth different geographic routes, as a function of the first and second determined locations, for each of the respective first and second communication devices to travel to the particular geographic destination location. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein processing the audio inquiry comprises:
extracting one or more keywords from the audio inquiry; and determining, based on the extracted one or more keywords, that the audio inquiry corresponds to a particular indoor building location, and the two different first and second responses provided to the first and second communication devices set forth different indoor routes for each of the respective first and second communication devices to travel to the particular indoor building location. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein processing the audio inquiry comprises:
extracting one or more keywords from the audio inquiry; and determining, based on the extracted one or more keywords, that the audio inquiry corresponds to a request for task assignments. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the two different first and second responses provided to the first and second communication devices set forth different task assignments for each of the respective first and second communication devices. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the one of the first and second communication devices nearest an incident is assigned a task of identifying suspects, one the other one of the first and second communication devices is assigned a task of securing a border around the incident. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein processing the audio inquiry comprises:
extracting one or more keywords from the audio inquiry; and determining, based on the extracted one or more keywords, that the audio inquiry corresponds to a request for equipment assignments. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the one of the first and second communication devices nearest a source for a first piece of equipment needed at an incident is assigned a task of retrieving the first piece of equipment, one the other one of the first and second communication devices is assigned a task of securing a second piece of equipment different from the first. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein monitoring comprises:
establishing, via the electronic computing device, a communication with a talk group server controlling the audio communications between the plurality of communication devices on the group communication channel; and accessing the audio communications via the talk group server. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the electronic computing device is embedded in an infrastructure computing device, and communicates with the plurality of communication devices via a wireless infrastructure network. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein the electronic computing device is an ad-hoc computing device, and communications with the plurality of communication devices via an ad-hoc wireless network. 19. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the location of each communication device in the communication group comprises receiving global positioning system (GPS) coordinates from each of the communication devices and associating the received GPS coordinates with the respective communication device that transmitted them. 20. An electronic computing device for responding to location-variable group electronic digital assistant requests, the electronic device comprising:
an electronic processor; and a communication interface communicatively coupled to the electronic processor, wherein the electronic processor is configured to:
monitor audio communications transmitted between a plurality of communication devices on a group communication channel, wherein the plurality of communication devices are members of a communication group associated with the group communication channel;
detect, from the audio communications, an audio inquiry from a first communication device of the plurality of communication devices;
determine a location of each communication device in the communication group including first and second determined locations of the first communication device and a second communication device of the communication group, the first and second determined locations being different from one another;
process the audio inquiry and determine that a response will vary for at least the first and the second communication device of the communication group based on the first and second determined locations;
generate at least two different first and second responses to the audio inquiry for the first and second communication devices as a function of first and second determined locations of the first and second communication devices of the communication group; and
cause the generated at least two different first and second responses to the audio inquiry to be provided to respective ones of the first and second communication devices individually via one of (i) two private call communication channels, (ii) one individual private call communication channel and the group communication channel, and (iii) the group communication channel and a separate second group communication channel. | A process for responding to location-variable group electronic digital assistant requests includes monitoring audio communications transmitted between a plurality of communication devices (CDs) on a group communication channel (CC) and detecting an audio inquiry from a first CD of the plurality of CDs. A location of each CD is determined, including different first and second determined locations of the first and second CDs. The audio inquiry is processed and it is determined that a response will vary based on the different first and second locations. Two different first and second responses to the audio inquiry are generated as a function of the determined locations and are caused to be provide to respective ones of the first and second CDs via one of (i) two private call CCs, (ii) one individual private call CC and the group CC, and (iii) the group CC and a second group CC.1. A method for responding to location-variable group electronic digital assistant requests, the method comprising:
monitoring, at an electronic computing device, audio communications transmitted between a plurality of communication devices on a group communication channel, wherein the plurality of communication devices are members of a communication group associated with the group communication channel; detecting, at the electronic computing device, from the audio communications, an audio inquiry from a first communication device of the plurality of communication devices; determining, by the electronic computing device, a location of each communication device in the communication group including first and second determined locations of the first communication device and a second communication device of the communication group, the first and second determined locations being different from one another; processing, at the electronic computing device, the audio inquiry and determining, by the electronic computing device, that a response will vary for at least the first and the second communication device of the communication group based on the first and second determined locations; generating, by the electronic computing device, at least two different first and second responses to the audio inquiry for the first and second communication devices as a function of first and second determined locations of the first and second communication devices of the communication group; and causing, by the electronic computing device, the generated at least two different first and second responses to the audio inquiry to be provided to respective ones of the first and second communication devices individually via one of (i) two private call communication channels, (ii) one individual private call communication channel and the group communication channel, and (iii) the group communication channel and a separate second group communication channel. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein providing the generated at least two different first and second responses to the audio inquiry to the first and second communication devices comprises providing the generated at least two different first and second responses to the audio inquiry to the first and second communication devices via two private call communication channels. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein no generated response to the audio inquiry is provided on the group communication channel. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein a pre-stored audio indicator is played back via the group communication channel, the pre-stored audio indicator indicating that all responses to the audio inquiry are being provided individually and none over the group communication channel. 5. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
generating a different third response to the audio inquiry for remaining one or more communication devices in the communication group, other than the first and second communication devices, as a function of a determined substantially similar location of each of the remaining one or more communication devices in the communication group; and providing the generated third response to the audio inquiry to the remaining one or more communication devices in the communication group via the group communication channel. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein providing the generated at least two different first and second responses to the audio inquiry to the first and second communication devices comprises providing the generated at least two different first and second responses to the audio inquiry to the first and second communication devices via one individual private call communication channel and the group communication channel. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the different first and second responses to the audio inquiry comprises:
generating the different first and second responses to the audio inquiry based on one or both of content extracted from the monitored audio communications and content accessed from one or more local or remote databases. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein processing the audio inquiry comprises:
extracting one or more keywords from the audio inquiry; and determining, based on the extracted one or more keywords, that the audio inquiry corresponds to a request for directions to a particular geographic destination location. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the two different first and second responses provided to the first and second communication devices set forth different geographic routes, as a function of the first and second determined locations, for each of the respective first and second communication devices to travel to the particular geographic destination location. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein processing the audio inquiry comprises:
extracting one or more keywords from the audio inquiry; and determining, based on the extracted one or more keywords, that the audio inquiry corresponds to a particular indoor building location, and the two different first and second responses provided to the first and second communication devices set forth different indoor routes for each of the respective first and second communication devices to travel to the particular indoor building location. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein processing the audio inquiry comprises:
extracting one or more keywords from the audio inquiry; and determining, based on the extracted one or more keywords, that the audio inquiry corresponds to a request for task assignments. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the two different first and second responses provided to the first and second communication devices set forth different task assignments for each of the respective first and second communication devices. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the one of the first and second communication devices nearest an incident is assigned a task of identifying suspects, one the other one of the first and second communication devices is assigned a task of securing a border around the incident. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein processing the audio inquiry comprises:
extracting one or more keywords from the audio inquiry; and determining, based on the extracted one or more keywords, that the audio inquiry corresponds to a request for equipment assignments. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the one of the first and second communication devices nearest a source for a first piece of equipment needed at an incident is assigned a task of retrieving the first piece of equipment, one the other one of the first and second communication devices is assigned a task of securing a second piece of equipment different from the first. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein monitoring comprises:
establishing, via the electronic computing device, a communication with a talk group server controlling the audio communications between the plurality of communication devices on the group communication channel; and accessing the audio communications via the talk group server. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the electronic computing device is embedded in an infrastructure computing device, and communicates with the plurality of communication devices via a wireless infrastructure network. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein the electronic computing device is an ad-hoc computing device, and communications with the plurality of communication devices via an ad-hoc wireless network. 19. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the location of each communication device in the communication group comprises receiving global positioning system (GPS) coordinates from each of the communication devices and associating the received GPS coordinates with the respective communication device that transmitted them. 20. An electronic computing device for responding to location-variable group electronic digital assistant requests, the electronic device comprising:
an electronic processor; and a communication interface communicatively coupled to the electronic processor, wherein the electronic processor is configured to:
monitor audio communications transmitted between a plurality of communication devices on a group communication channel, wherein the plurality of communication devices are members of a communication group associated with the group communication channel;
detect, from the audio communications, an audio inquiry from a first communication device of the plurality of communication devices;
determine a location of each communication device in the communication group including first and second determined locations of the first communication device and a second communication device of the communication group, the first and second determined locations being different from one another;
process the audio inquiry and determine that a response will vary for at least the first and the second communication device of the communication group based on the first and second determined locations;
generate at least two different first and second responses to the audio inquiry for the first and second communication devices as a function of first and second determined locations of the first and second communication devices of the communication group; and
cause the generated at least two different first and second responses to the audio inquiry to be provided to respective ones of the first and second communication devices individually via one of (i) two private call communication channels, (ii) one individual private call communication channel and the group communication channel, and (iii) the group communication channel and a separate second group communication channel. | 3,600 |
340,612 | 16,642,062 | 3,663 | In a bumper system, one end portion of a first tube is inserted into first beam holes, and the other end portion of the first tube is inserted into a first plate hole, one end portion of a second tube is inserted into second beam holes, and the other end portion of the second tube is inserted into a second plate hole. The bumper stay is joined to a bumper beam and a vehicle body plate by press-fitting in a state in which the first tube is expanded at the holes and the second tube is expanded at the holes. A first connection rib is in contact with the bumper beam, and a second connection rib is in contact with the vehicle body plate in the same direction as a direction in which the first connection rib is in contact with the bumper beam. | 1. A bumper system, comprising:
a bumper stay in which a first tube and a second tube extending in the same direction are connected by a first connection rib provided at least at one end portion and a second connection rib provided at least at the other end portion; a bumper beam having a first beam hole into which one end portion of the first tube is insertable and a second beam hole into which one end portion of the second tube is insertable; and a vehicle body plate having a first plate hole into which the other end portion of the first tube is insertable and a second plate hole into which the other end portion of the second tube is insertable, wherein: the bumper system is a system in which the bumper stay and the bumper beam are joined and the bumper stay and the vehicle body plate are joined; the one end portion of the first tube is inserted into the first beam hole, the other end portion of the first tube is inserted into the first plate hole, the one end portion of the second tube is inserted into the second beam hole, and the other end portion of the second tube is inserted into the second plate hole; the bumper stay is joined to both the bumper beam and the vehicle body plate by press-fitting in a state in which the first tube is expanded at both the first beam hole and the first plate hole and the second tube is expanded at both the second beam hole and the second plate hole; and the first connection rib is in contact with the bumper beam, and the second connection rib is in contact with the vehicle body plate in the same direction as a direction in which the first connection rib is in contact with the bumper beam in a direction in which the first tube and the second tube extend. 2. The bumper system according to claim 1, wherein
the vehicle body plate includes a plate slit that connects the first beam hole and the second beam hole and is cut out in a shape into which the first connection rib is insertable. 3. The bumper system according to claim 1, wherein
the bumper beam includes a beam slit that connects the first plate hole and the second plate hole and is cut out in a shape into which the second connection rib is insertable. 4. The bumper system according to claim 1, wherein
at least one of the first connection rib and the second connection rib is connected to the first tube and the second tube by welding. 5. The bumper system according to claim 2, wherein
at least one of the first connection rib and the second connection rib is connected to the first tube and the second tube by welding. 6. The bumper system according to claim 3, wherein
at least one of the first connection rib and the second connection rib is connected to the first tube and the second tube by welding. | In a bumper system, one end portion of a first tube is inserted into first beam holes, and the other end portion of the first tube is inserted into a first plate hole, one end portion of a second tube is inserted into second beam holes, and the other end portion of the second tube is inserted into a second plate hole. The bumper stay is joined to a bumper beam and a vehicle body plate by press-fitting in a state in which the first tube is expanded at the holes and the second tube is expanded at the holes. A first connection rib is in contact with the bumper beam, and a second connection rib is in contact with the vehicle body plate in the same direction as a direction in which the first connection rib is in contact with the bumper beam.1. A bumper system, comprising:
a bumper stay in which a first tube and a second tube extending in the same direction are connected by a first connection rib provided at least at one end portion and a second connection rib provided at least at the other end portion; a bumper beam having a first beam hole into which one end portion of the first tube is insertable and a second beam hole into which one end portion of the second tube is insertable; and a vehicle body plate having a first plate hole into which the other end portion of the first tube is insertable and a second plate hole into which the other end portion of the second tube is insertable, wherein: the bumper system is a system in which the bumper stay and the bumper beam are joined and the bumper stay and the vehicle body plate are joined; the one end portion of the first tube is inserted into the first beam hole, the other end portion of the first tube is inserted into the first plate hole, the one end portion of the second tube is inserted into the second beam hole, and the other end portion of the second tube is inserted into the second plate hole; the bumper stay is joined to both the bumper beam and the vehicle body plate by press-fitting in a state in which the first tube is expanded at both the first beam hole and the first plate hole and the second tube is expanded at both the second beam hole and the second plate hole; and the first connection rib is in contact with the bumper beam, and the second connection rib is in contact with the vehicle body plate in the same direction as a direction in which the first connection rib is in contact with the bumper beam in a direction in which the first tube and the second tube extend. 2. The bumper system according to claim 1, wherein
the vehicle body plate includes a plate slit that connects the first beam hole and the second beam hole and is cut out in a shape into which the first connection rib is insertable. 3. The bumper system according to claim 1, wherein
the bumper beam includes a beam slit that connects the first plate hole and the second plate hole and is cut out in a shape into which the second connection rib is insertable. 4. The bumper system according to claim 1, wherein
at least one of the first connection rib and the second connection rib is connected to the first tube and the second tube by welding. 5. The bumper system according to claim 2, wherein
at least one of the first connection rib and the second connection rib is connected to the first tube and the second tube by welding. 6. The bumper system according to claim 3, wherein
at least one of the first connection rib and the second connection rib is connected to the first tube and the second tube by welding. | 3,600 |
340,613 | 16,642,073 | 3,663 | A brazing material is interposed between an aluminum-based material and an iron-based material plated with Ni. The brazing material has a structure in which an Al—Si—Ni based alloy layer and an Al layer are bonded via a flux layer. A structure for brazing is formed such that the Al—Si—Ni based alloy layer is located on the aluminum-based material side and the Al layer is located on the iron-based material side. The structure is heated in a furnace and is thereafter cooled, thereby obtaining a brazed joint body in which the Ni plating that is a barrier layer remains and an Al—Ni layer is formed. | 1. A brazed joint body of an aluminum-based material and an iron-based material plated with Ni, the brazed joint body comprising:
a layered structure including, sequentially from an iron-based material side, the iron-based material, a Ni plating layer, an Al—Ni based alloy layer, an Al—Si based alloy layer, and the aluminum-based material, wherein a nearly spherical Al—Ni based alloy is formed in the Al—Si based alloy layer. 2. The brazed joint body according to claim 1, wherein an interface between the Al—Ni based alloy layer and the Al—Si based alloy layer has a smoothly continuous undulating shape. 3. The brazed joint body according to claim 1, wherein an average thickness of the Al—Ni based alloy layer is 20 μm or less. 4. The brazed joint body according to claim 1, wherein the Al—Ni based alloy layer and the nearly spherical Al—Ni based alloy includes at least one of Cr, Mn, Co, and Cu. 5. A brazing method comprising:
preparing a brazing material that includes an Al—Si—Ni based alloy containing Al, Si, and Ni, and an Al layer; forming a structure by interposing the brazing material between an iron-based material plated with Ni and an aluminum-based material such that the Al—Si—Ni based alloy is located on an aluminum-based material side and the Al layer is located on an iron-based material side; heating the structure in a furnace under an inert atmosphere so that a temperature of the brazing material is equal to or higher than a melting start temperature of the brazing material; and cooling the heated structure. 6. The brazing method according to claim 5, wherein the Al—Si—Ni based alloy has a composition of 5 to 12 mass % of Si and 0.01 to 30 mass % of Ni, the balance being Al and inevitable impurities. 7. The brazing method according to claim 5, wherein time when the temperature of the brazing material is equal to or higher than the melting start temperature of the brazing material is set so that an average thickness of an Al—Ni based alloy layer formed between the Ni plating and the brazing material is 20 μm or less. 8-10. (canceled) 11. A brazing material comprising:
an Al—Si—Ni based alloy containing Al, Si, and Ni; an Al layer; and a Ni layer disposed between the Al—Si—Ni based alloy and the Al layer. 12. A brazing method comprising:
preparing a brazing material that includes an Al—Si—Ni based alloy containing Al, Si, and Ni, and a Ni layer formed on the Al—Si—Ni based alloy; forming a structure by interposing the brazing material between an iron-based material plated with Ni and an aluminum-based material such that the Al—Si—Ni based alloy is located on an aluminum-based material side and the Ni layer is located on an iron-based material side; heating the structure in a furnace under an inert atmosphere so that a temperature of the brazing material is equal to or higher than a melting start temperature of the brazing material; and cooling the heated structure. 13. (canceled) 14. A brazing method comprising:
preparing a brazing material that includes an Al—Si based alloy containing Al and Si, an Al layer, and a Ni layer disposed between the Al—Si based alloy and the Al layer; forming a structure by interposing the brazing material between an iron-based material plated with Ni and an aluminum-based material such that the Al—Si based alloy is located on an aluminum-based material side and the Al layer is located on an iron-based material side; heating the structure in a furnace under an inert atmosphere so that a temperature of the brazing material is equal to or higher than a melting start temperature of the brazing material; and cooling the heated structure. 15. A brazing material comprising:
an Al—Si based alloy containing Al and Si; an Al layer; and a Ni layer disposed between the Al—Si based alloy and the Al layer. 16. The brazing material according to claim 15, wherein the Ni layer has a thickness of 5% or more of a thickness of the Al—Si based alloy. | A brazing material is interposed between an aluminum-based material and an iron-based material plated with Ni. The brazing material has a structure in which an Al—Si—Ni based alloy layer and an Al layer are bonded via a flux layer. A structure for brazing is formed such that the Al—Si—Ni based alloy layer is located on the aluminum-based material side and the Al layer is located on the iron-based material side. The structure is heated in a furnace and is thereafter cooled, thereby obtaining a brazed joint body in which the Ni plating that is a barrier layer remains and an Al—Ni layer is formed.1. A brazed joint body of an aluminum-based material and an iron-based material plated with Ni, the brazed joint body comprising:
a layered structure including, sequentially from an iron-based material side, the iron-based material, a Ni plating layer, an Al—Ni based alloy layer, an Al—Si based alloy layer, and the aluminum-based material, wherein a nearly spherical Al—Ni based alloy is formed in the Al—Si based alloy layer. 2. The brazed joint body according to claim 1, wherein an interface between the Al—Ni based alloy layer and the Al—Si based alloy layer has a smoothly continuous undulating shape. 3. The brazed joint body according to claim 1, wherein an average thickness of the Al—Ni based alloy layer is 20 μm or less. 4. The brazed joint body according to claim 1, wherein the Al—Ni based alloy layer and the nearly spherical Al—Ni based alloy includes at least one of Cr, Mn, Co, and Cu. 5. A brazing method comprising:
preparing a brazing material that includes an Al—Si—Ni based alloy containing Al, Si, and Ni, and an Al layer; forming a structure by interposing the brazing material between an iron-based material plated with Ni and an aluminum-based material such that the Al—Si—Ni based alloy is located on an aluminum-based material side and the Al layer is located on an iron-based material side; heating the structure in a furnace under an inert atmosphere so that a temperature of the brazing material is equal to or higher than a melting start temperature of the brazing material; and cooling the heated structure. 6. The brazing method according to claim 5, wherein the Al—Si—Ni based alloy has a composition of 5 to 12 mass % of Si and 0.01 to 30 mass % of Ni, the balance being Al and inevitable impurities. 7. The brazing method according to claim 5, wherein time when the temperature of the brazing material is equal to or higher than the melting start temperature of the brazing material is set so that an average thickness of an Al—Ni based alloy layer formed between the Ni plating and the brazing material is 20 μm or less. 8-10. (canceled) 11. A brazing material comprising:
an Al—Si—Ni based alloy containing Al, Si, and Ni; an Al layer; and a Ni layer disposed between the Al—Si—Ni based alloy and the Al layer. 12. A brazing method comprising:
preparing a brazing material that includes an Al—Si—Ni based alloy containing Al, Si, and Ni, and a Ni layer formed on the Al—Si—Ni based alloy; forming a structure by interposing the brazing material between an iron-based material plated with Ni and an aluminum-based material such that the Al—Si—Ni based alloy is located on an aluminum-based material side and the Ni layer is located on an iron-based material side; heating the structure in a furnace under an inert atmosphere so that a temperature of the brazing material is equal to or higher than a melting start temperature of the brazing material; and cooling the heated structure. 13. (canceled) 14. A brazing method comprising:
preparing a brazing material that includes an Al—Si based alloy containing Al and Si, an Al layer, and a Ni layer disposed between the Al—Si based alloy and the Al layer; forming a structure by interposing the brazing material between an iron-based material plated with Ni and an aluminum-based material such that the Al—Si based alloy is located on an aluminum-based material side and the Al layer is located on an iron-based material side; heating the structure in a furnace under an inert atmosphere so that a temperature of the brazing material is equal to or higher than a melting start temperature of the brazing material; and cooling the heated structure. 15. A brazing material comprising:
an Al—Si based alloy containing Al and Si; an Al layer; and a Ni layer disposed between the Al—Si based alloy and the Al layer. 16. The brazing material according to claim 15, wherein the Ni layer has a thickness of 5% or more of a thickness of the Al—Si based alloy. | 3,600 |
340,614 | 16,642,072 | 3,663 | This engine system is provided with: an engine; an injector; a super charger (including a compressor); an electronic throttle device provided in an air intake passage, the compressor being provided in the air intake passage upstream of the electronic throttle device; an evaporated fuel treatment apparatus (including a canister, a purge passage, and a purge valve), an outlet of the purge passage being connected to the air intake passage upstream of the compressor; and an electronic control unit (ECU). The ECU controls the purge valve in order to perform a purge cut of the vapor from the purge passage toward the air intake passage when determining that the engine has started to decelerate, and thereafter controls the injector in order to perform fuel cut to the engine. | 1. An engine system comprising:
an engine; an intake passage configured to introduce intake air into the engine; an exhaust passage configured to discharge exhaust gas from the engine; a fuel supply device including a fuel tank for storing fuel and an injector for injecting the fuel stored in the fuel tank, the fuel supply device being configured to supply the fuel to the engine; an intake amount regulating valve placed in the intake passage and configured to regulate an amount of the intake air flowing through the intake passage; a supercharger including a compressor placed in the intake passage, a turbine placed in the exhaust passage, and a rotary shaft connecting the compressor and the turbine in an integrally rotatable manner, the supercharger being configured to increase pressure of the intake air in the intake passage; an evaporated fuel treatment apparatus comprising: a canister configured to temporarily collect evaporated fuel generated in the fuel tank; a purge passage configured to purge the evaporated fuel collected in the canister to the intake passage, the purge passage having an outlet connected to the intake passage upstream of the compressor; and a purge regulating unit configured to regulate an amount of the evaporated fuel to be purged from the purge passage to the intake passage, the evaporated fuel treatment apparatus being configured to treat the evaporated fuel; an operating-state detecting unit configured to detect an operating state of the engine; and a controller configured to control at least the injector, the intake amount regulating valve, and the purge regulating unit according to the detected operating state of the engine, wherein, during operation of the engine, when the controller determines that the engine has started to decelerate based on the detected operating state of the engine, the controller is configured to control the purge regulating unit to cut off purging of the evaporated fuel from the purge passage to the intake passage and then control the injector to cut off supply of the fuel to the engine. 2. The engine system according to claim 1, wherein after controlling the purge adjusting unit to cut off purging of the evaporated fuel, the controller is configured to control the injector to cut off supply of the fuel when determining that the engine has reached a predetermined operating state. 3. The engine system according to claim 1, wherein after controlling the purge adjusting unit to cut off purging of the evaporated fuel, the controller is configured to obtain an amount of residual intake air containing the evaporated fuel remaining in the intake passage upstream of the intake amount regulating valve based on the detected operating state, and control the injector to cut off supply of the fuel when determining that the obtained amount of the residual intake air is completely scavenged. 4. The engine system according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to estimate a temperature of the catalyst based on the detected operating state of the engine when determining that the engine has started to decelerate during operation of the engine, and control the purge regulating unit to cut off purging of the evaporated fuel when the estimated temperature of the catalyst rises higher than a predetermined reference temperature. 5. The engine system according to claim 1, wherein
the operating-state detecting unit includes an air-fuel ratio detecting unit configured to detect an air-fuel ratio of the engine, and the controller is configured to obtain a delay time for delaying cut-off of purging of the evaporated fuel based on a change in the detected air-fuel ratio and control the purge regulating unit to cut off purging of the evaporated fuel after a lapse of the delay time when determining that the engine has started to decelerate during operation of the engine. 6. The engine system according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to control the purge regulating unit to gradually decrease a purge rate of the evaporated fuel when purging of the evaporated fuel is to be cut off. 7. The engine system according to claim 6, wherein the controller is configured to control the purge regulating unit to gradually increase the purge rate of the evaporated fuel when purging of the evaporated fuel is to be restarted after purging of the evaporated fuel is cut off. 8. The engine system according to claim 1 further comprising an output operation unit to be operated by a driver to control output of the engine,
wherein the operating-state detecting unit includes: an output operation amount detecting unit configured to detect an operation amount of the output operation unit; and a valve opening degree detecting unit configured to detect an opening degree of the intake amount regulating valve, and
the controller is configured to determine that the engine has started to decelerate based on at least one of a change rate of the detected operation amount and a change rate of the detected opening degree. 9. The engine system according to claim 8, wherein the controller is configured to control the purge regulating unit to cut off purging of the evaporated fuel when determining both that the engine has started to decelerate based on the change rate of the detected operation amount and that the detected opening degree is smaller than a predetermined small opening degree. 10. The engine system according to claim 9, wherein
the operating-state detecting unit includes a rotation speed detecting unit configured to detect a rotation speed of the engine, and the controller is configured to set the predetermined small opening degree larger as the detected rotation speed is higher. 11. The engine system according to claim 2, wherein after controlling the purge adjusting unit to cut off purging of the evaporated fuel, the controller is configured to obtain an amount of residual intake air containing the evaporated fuel remaining in the intake passage upstream of the intake amount regulating valve based on the detected operating state, and control the injector to cut off supply of the fuel when determining that the obtained amount of the residual intake air is completely scavenged. 12. The engine system according to claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to estimate a temperature of the catalyst based on the detected operating state of the engine when determining that the engine has started to decelerate during operation of the engine, and control the purge regulating unit to cut off purging of the evaporated fuel when the estimated temperature of the catalyst rises higher than a predetermined reference temperature. 13. The engine system according to claim 2, wherein
the operating-state detecting unit includes an air-fuel ratio detecting unit configured to detect an air-fuel ratio of the engine, and the controller is configured to obtain a delay time for delaying cut-off of purging of the evaporated fuel based on a change in the detected air-fuel ratio and control the purge regulating unit to cut off purging of the evaporated fuel after a lapse of the delay time when determining that the engine has started to decelerate during operation of the engine. 14. The engine system according to claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to control the purge regulating unit to gradually decrease a purge rate of the evaporated fuel when purging of the evaporated fuel is to be cut off. 15. The engine system according to claim 14, wherein the controller is configured to control the purge regulating unit to gradually increase the purge rate of the evaporated fuel when purging of the evaporated fuel is to be restarted after purging of the evaporated fuel is cut off. 16. The engine system according to claim 2 further comprising an output operation unit to be operated by a driver to control output of the engine,
wherein the operating-state detecting unit includes: an output operation amount detecting unit configured to detect an operation amount of the output operation unit; and a valve opening degree detecting unit configured to detect an opening degree of the intake amount regulating valve, and
the controller is configured to determine that the engine has started to decelerate based on at least one of a change rate of the detected operation amount and a change rate of the detected opening degree. 17. The engine system according to claim 16, wherein the controller is configured to control the purge regulating unit to cut off purging of the evaporated fuel when determining both that the engine has started to decelerate based on the change rate of the detected operation amount and that the detected opening degree is smaller than a predetermined small opening degree. 18. The engine system according to claim 17, wherein
the operating-state detecting unit includes a rotation speed detecting unit configured to detect a rotation speed of the engine, and the controller is configured to set the predetermined small opening degree larger as the detected rotation speed is higher. | This engine system is provided with: an engine; an injector; a super charger (including a compressor); an electronic throttle device provided in an air intake passage, the compressor being provided in the air intake passage upstream of the electronic throttle device; an evaporated fuel treatment apparatus (including a canister, a purge passage, and a purge valve), an outlet of the purge passage being connected to the air intake passage upstream of the compressor; and an electronic control unit (ECU). The ECU controls the purge valve in order to perform a purge cut of the vapor from the purge passage toward the air intake passage when determining that the engine has started to decelerate, and thereafter controls the injector in order to perform fuel cut to the engine.1. An engine system comprising:
an engine; an intake passage configured to introduce intake air into the engine; an exhaust passage configured to discharge exhaust gas from the engine; a fuel supply device including a fuel tank for storing fuel and an injector for injecting the fuel stored in the fuel tank, the fuel supply device being configured to supply the fuel to the engine; an intake amount regulating valve placed in the intake passage and configured to regulate an amount of the intake air flowing through the intake passage; a supercharger including a compressor placed in the intake passage, a turbine placed in the exhaust passage, and a rotary shaft connecting the compressor and the turbine in an integrally rotatable manner, the supercharger being configured to increase pressure of the intake air in the intake passage; an evaporated fuel treatment apparatus comprising: a canister configured to temporarily collect evaporated fuel generated in the fuel tank; a purge passage configured to purge the evaporated fuel collected in the canister to the intake passage, the purge passage having an outlet connected to the intake passage upstream of the compressor; and a purge regulating unit configured to regulate an amount of the evaporated fuel to be purged from the purge passage to the intake passage, the evaporated fuel treatment apparatus being configured to treat the evaporated fuel; an operating-state detecting unit configured to detect an operating state of the engine; and a controller configured to control at least the injector, the intake amount regulating valve, and the purge regulating unit according to the detected operating state of the engine, wherein, during operation of the engine, when the controller determines that the engine has started to decelerate based on the detected operating state of the engine, the controller is configured to control the purge regulating unit to cut off purging of the evaporated fuel from the purge passage to the intake passage and then control the injector to cut off supply of the fuel to the engine. 2. The engine system according to claim 1, wherein after controlling the purge adjusting unit to cut off purging of the evaporated fuel, the controller is configured to control the injector to cut off supply of the fuel when determining that the engine has reached a predetermined operating state. 3. The engine system according to claim 1, wherein after controlling the purge adjusting unit to cut off purging of the evaporated fuel, the controller is configured to obtain an amount of residual intake air containing the evaporated fuel remaining in the intake passage upstream of the intake amount regulating valve based on the detected operating state, and control the injector to cut off supply of the fuel when determining that the obtained amount of the residual intake air is completely scavenged. 4. The engine system according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to estimate a temperature of the catalyst based on the detected operating state of the engine when determining that the engine has started to decelerate during operation of the engine, and control the purge regulating unit to cut off purging of the evaporated fuel when the estimated temperature of the catalyst rises higher than a predetermined reference temperature. 5. The engine system according to claim 1, wherein
the operating-state detecting unit includes an air-fuel ratio detecting unit configured to detect an air-fuel ratio of the engine, and the controller is configured to obtain a delay time for delaying cut-off of purging of the evaporated fuel based on a change in the detected air-fuel ratio and control the purge regulating unit to cut off purging of the evaporated fuel after a lapse of the delay time when determining that the engine has started to decelerate during operation of the engine. 6. The engine system according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to control the purge regulating unit to gradually decrease a purge rate of the evaporated fuel when purging of the evaporated fuel is to be cut off. 7. The engine system according to claim 6, wherein the controller is configured to control the purge regulating unit to gradually increase the purge rate of the evaporated fuel when purging of the evaporated fuel is to be restarted after purging of the evaporated fuel is cut off. 8. The engine system according to claim 1 further comprising an output operation unit to be operated by a driver to control output of the engine,
wherein the operating-state detecting unit includes: an output operation amount detecting unit configured to detect an operation amount of the output operation unit; and a valve opening degree detecting unit configured to detect an opening degree of the intake amount regulating valve, and
the controller is configured to determine that the engine has started to decelerate based on at least one of a change rate of the detected operation amount and a change rate of the detected opening degree. 9. The engine system according to claim 8, wherein the controller is configured to control the purge regulating unit to cut off purging of the evaporated fuel when determining both that the engine has started to decelerate based on the change rate of the detected operation amount and that the detected opening degree is smaller than a predetermined small opening degree. 10. The engine system according to claim 9, wherein
the operating-state detecting unit includes a rotation speed detecting unit configured to detect a rotation speed of the engine, and the controller is configured to set the predetermined small opening degree larger as the detected rotation speed is higher. 11. The engine system according to claim 2, wherein after controlling the purge adjusting unit to cut off purging of the evaporated fuel, the controller is configured to obtain an amount of residual intake air containing the evaporated fuel remaining in the intake passage upstream of the intake amount regulating valve based on the detected operating state, and control the injector to cut off supply of the fuel when determining that the obtained amount of the residual intake air is completely scavenged. 12. The engine system according to claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to estimate a temperature of the catalyst based on the detected operating state of the engine when determining that the engine has started to decelerate during operation of the engine, and control the purge regulating unit to cut off purging of the evaporated fuel when the estimated temperature of the catalyst rises higher than a predetermined reference temperature. 13. The engine system according to claim 2, wherein
the operating-state detecting unit includes an air-fuel ratio detecting unit configured to detect an air-fuel ratio of the engine, and the controller is configured to obtain a delay time for delaying cut-off of purging of the evaporated fuel based on a change in the detected air-fuel ratio and control the purge regulating unit to cut off purging of the evaporated fuel after a lapse of the delay time when determining that the engine has started to decelerate during operation of the engine. 14. The engine system according to claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to control the purge regulating unit to gradually decrease a purge rate of the evaporated fuel when purging of the evaporated fuel is to be cut off. 15. The engine system according to claim 14, wherein the controller is configured to control the purge regulating unit to gradually increase the purge rate of the evaporated fuel when purging of the evaporated fuel is to be restarted after purging of the evaporated fuel is cut off. 16. The engine system according to claim 2 further comprising an output operation unit to be operated by a driver to control output of the engine,
wherein the operating-state detecting unit includes: an output operation amount detecting unit configured to detect an operation amount of the output operation unit; and a valve opening degree detecting unit configured to detect an opening degree of the intake amount regulating valve, and
the controller is configured to determine that the engine has started to decelerate based on at least one of a change rate of the detected operation amount and a change rate of the detected opening degree. 17. The engine system according to claim 16, wherein the controller is configured to control the purge regulating unit to cut off purging of the evaporated fuel when determining both that the engine has started to decelerate based on the change rate of the detected operation amount and that the detected opening degree is smaller than a predetermined small opening degree. 18. The engine system according to claim 17, wherein
the operating-state detecting unit includes a rotation speed detecting unit configured to detect a rotation speed of the engine, and the controller is configured to set the predetermined small opening degree larger as the detected rotation speed is higher. | 3,600 |
340,615 | 16,642,098 | 3,663 | An interconnection assembly for a switching device includes at least one cable with a core having a first dielectric material, wherein the core is at least partially surrounded by a second dielectric material having a refractive index different from the first dielectric material. A first connector part is positioned with respect to at least one antenna and includes a fan-out element and at least one hollow conductor arranged between the antenna and the core of the cable wherein the at least one hollow conductor extends in the fan-out element to guide a signal between the antenna and the core of the cable, wherein the hollow conductor includes a first port aligned with the antenna and a second port, and when assembled is in communication with the core of the cable. At least one second connector part is interconnected to the cable positioning the core of the cable in a connected position with respect to the second port of the hollow conductor. | 1. An interconnection assembly (1) for a switching device in a server room comprising:
a. at least one cable (5) with a core (6) comprising a first dielectric material, wherein the core is at least partially surrounded by a second dielectric material having a refractive index different from the first dielectric material; b. a first connector part (9) positioned with respect to at least one antenna (4) comprising
i. a fan-out element comprising per antenna at least one hollow conductor (10 c, 11 c) arranged between the at least one antenna (4) and the core (6) of the at least one cable (5),
ii. said the at least one hollow conductor (10 c, 11 c) extending in the fan-out element to guide a signal between the at least one antenna (4) and the core (6) of the at least one cable (5),
iii. the hollow conductor (10 c, 11 c) having a first port (10 a, 11 a) aligned with the at least one antenna (4) and a second port (18), which in an assembled position is in communication with the core (6) of the at least one cable (5); and
c. at least one second connector part (19) interconnected to the at least one cable (5) positioning the core (6) of the cable (5) in a connected position with respect to the second port (18) of the hollow conductor (10 c, 11 c). 2. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the cable (5) comprises a cable jacket (5 a) surrounding the cable core (6). 3. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the cable jacket (5 a) comprises a second dielectric material having a lower refractive index then the first dielectric material of the cable core (6). 4. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the fan-out element comprises a first plate element (9 a) and a second plate element (9 b) interconnected to the first plate element (9 a) in the an area of an upper face, wherein in the area of the upper face the hollow conductor (10 c, 11 c) extends at least partially in a the direction of the upper face. 5. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the second port (18) is funnel shaped. 6. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein at a cable end, the core (6) of the at least one cable (5) extends above the cable jacket (5 a). 7. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the cable core (6) reaches into the second port (18) of the hollow conductor. 8. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the second connector part (19) comprises a cable insertion rack comprising at least one opening through which the at least one cable (5) extends. 9. The interconnection assembly according to claim 8, wherein the at least one cable (5) is fixed to the cable insertion rack (20, 21). 10. The interconnection assembly according to claim 8, wherein the cable insertion rack comprises a lower part (20) and an upper part (21) which are interconnected to each other. 11. The interconnection assembly according to claim 8 one of the preceding claims, wherein the cable insertion rack of the second connector part (19) in the mounted position is interconnected to the fan-out element of the first connector part (9) by at least one fixing bolt (31). 12. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the at least one antenna (4) is arranged in a recess (15) of the fan-out element in the area of the first port (10 a, 11 a) of the hollow conductor (10 c, 11 c). 13. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the at least one antenna (4) is arranged on a chip (2) and/or a printed circuit board (3). 14. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the interconnection assembly (1) comprises a plurality of cables (5) arranged in a pattern. 15. The interconnection assembly according to claim 14, wherein two neighboring cables (5) are, with respect to a respective longitudinal axis (z), arranged 90° difference in signal polarisation with respect to each other. 16. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the core (6) of the at least one cable (5) has a rectangular cross section. 17. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1 one of the preceding claims, wherein the cable jacket (5 a) of the at least one cable (5) is interconnected to the cable insertion rack of the second connector part (19). 18. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein an end of the at least one cable (5) is covered by an attachment sleeve (26). 19. The interconnection assembly according to claim 18, wherein the attachment sleeve (26) comprises an orientating means (27) to define the orientation of the cable with respect to its longitudinal axis (z). 20. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the fan-out element is interconnected to a printed circuit board (3) by at least one bushing (8). 21. The interconnection assembly according to claim 20, wherein the bushing (8) is aligned with a structure on the printed circuit board (3). | An interconnection assembly for a switching device includes at least one cable with a core having a first dielectric material, wherein the core is at least partially surrounded by a second dielectric material having a refractive index different from the first dielectric material. A first connector part is positioned with respect to at least one antenna and includes a fan-out element and at least one hollow conductor arranged between the antenna and the core of the cable wherein the at least one hollow conductor extends in the fan-out element to guide a signal between the antenna and the core of the cable, wherein the hollow conductor includes a first port aligned with the antenna and a second port, and when assembled is in communication with the core of the cable. At least one second connector part is interconnected to the cable positioning the core of the cable in a connected position with respect to the second port of the hollow conductor.1. An interconnection assembly (1) for a switching device in a server room comprising:
a. at least one cable (5) with a core (6) comprising a first dielectric material, wherein the core is at least partially surrounded by a second dielectric material having a refractive index different from the first dielectric material; b. a first connector part (9) positioned with respect to at least one antenna (4) comprising
i. a fan-out element comprising per antenna at least one hollow conductor (10 c, 11 c) arranged between the at least one antenna (4) and the core (6) of the at least one cable (5),
ii. said the at least one hollow conductor (10 c, 11 c) extending in the fan-out element to guide a signal between the at least one antenna (4) and the core (6) of the at least one cable (5),
iii. the hollow conductor (10 c, 11 c) having a first port (10 a, 11 a) aligned with the at least one antenna (4) and a second port (18), which in an assembled position is in communication with the core (6) of the at least one cable (5); and
c. at least one second connector part (19) interconnected to the at least one cable (5) positioning the core (6) of the cable (5) in a connected position with respect to the second port (18) of the hollow conductor (10 c, 11 c). 2. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the cable (5) comprises a cable jacket (5 a) surrounding the cable core (6). 3. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the cable jacket (5 a) comprises a second dielectric material having a lower refractive index then the first dielectric material of the cable core (6). 4. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the fan-out element comprises a first plate element (9 a) and a second plate element (9 b) interconnected to the first plate element (9 a) in the an area of an upper face, wherein in the area of the upper face the hollow conductor (10 c, 11 c) extends at least partially in a the direction of the upper face. 5. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the second port (18) is funnel shaped. 6. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein at a cable end, the core (6) of the at least one cable (5) extends above the cable jacket (5 a). 7. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the cable core (6) reaches into the second port (18) of the hollow conductor. 8. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the second connector part (19) comprises a cable insertion rack comprising at least one opening through which the at least one cable (5) extends. 9. The interconnection assembly according to claim 8, wherein the at least one cable (5) is fixed to the cable insertion rack (20, 21). 10. The interconnection assembly according to claim 8, wherein the cable insertion rack comprises a lower part (20) and an upper part (21) which are interconnected to each other. 11. The interconnection assembly according to claim 8 one of the preceding claims, wherein the cable insertion rack of the second connector part (19) in the mounted position is interconnected to the fan-out element of the first connector part (9) by at least one fixing bolt (31). 12. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the at least one antenna (4) is arranged in a recess (15) of the fan-out element in the area of the first port (10 a, 11 a) of the hollow conductor (10 c, 11 c). 13. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the at least one antenna (4) is arranged on a chip (2) and/or a printed circuit board (3). 14. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the interconnection assembly (1) comprises a plurality of cables (5) arranged in a pattern. 15. The interconnection assembly according to claim 14, wherein two neighboring cables (5) are, with respect to a respective longitudinal axis (z), arranged 90° difference in signal polarisation with respect to each other. 16. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the core (6) of the at least one cable (5) has a rectangular cross section. 17. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1 one of the preceding claims, wherein the cable jacket (5 a) of the at least one cable (5) is interconnected to the cable insertion rack of the second connector part (19). 18. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein an end of the at least one cable (5) is covered by an attachment sleeve (26). 19. The interconnection assembly according to claim 18, wherein the attachment sleeve (26) comprises an orientating means (27) to define the orientation of the cable with respect to its longitudinal axis (z). 20. The interconnection assembly according to claim 1, wherein the fan-out element is interconnected to a printed circuit board (3) by at least one bushing (8). 21. The interconnection assembly according to claim 20, wherein the bushing (8) is aligned with a structure on the printed circuit board (3). | 3,600 |
340,616 | 16,642,048 | 3,663 | A flexible display device relating to the technical field of displays. The flexible display device comprises: a flexible substrate; a flexible rigid transformative layer, formed at one side of the flexible substrate, comprising a transformative film capable of transforming between a flexible and a rigid state under the action of an electric field; and an electrode layer for forming the electric field used to drive changes in the transformative film. | 1. A flexible display device, comprising:
a flexible substrate; and a flexiblity-rigidity transformation layer disposed at one side of the flexible substrate, wherein, the flexiblity-rigidity transformation layer comprises an electrode layer and a transformation film capable of transforming between a flexiblity state and a rigidity state under an action of an electric field; and the electrode layer is used for generating an electric field for driving the transformation film to transform between the flexiblity state and the rigidity state. 2. The flexible display device according to claim 1, wherein the transformation film comprises a plurality of transformation units, wherein the plurality of transformation units are arranged in a rollable direction of the flexible substrate, and the plurality of transformation units are insulated from each other. 3. The flexible display device according to claim 2, wherein the electrode layer comprises a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer, wherein the first electrode layer comprises a plurality of first electrode units corresponding to the transformation units in a one-to-one manner, and the transformation units each is disposed between a corresponding first electrode unit and the second electrode layer. 4. The flexible display device according to claim 3, wherein the first electrode units are disposed on one side, facing away from the flexible substrate, of the transformation units, and the second electrode layer is disposed on one side, facing to the flexible substrate, of the transformation film. 5. The flexible display device according to claim 1, wherein the transformation film comprises one transformation unit. 6. The flexible display device according to claim 5, wherein the electrode layer comprises a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer, and the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are disposed on two sides of the transformation film respectively. 7. The flexible display device according to claim 5, wherein the electrode layer comprises a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are disposed on a same side of the transformation film, the first electrode layer comprises a plurality of first electrode units, the second electrode layer comprises a plurality of second electrode units, and the plurality of second electrode units and the plurality of first electrode units are arranged at intervals and are alternately arranged on a same layer. 8. The flexible display device according to claim 1, wherein the flexiblity-rigidity transformation layer further includes a planarization layer for improving flatness, and the planarization layer is disposed on one side, facing away from the flexible substrate, of the transformation film and the electrode layer. 9. The flexible display device according to 7, wherein the transformation film is made of a dielectric elastic material. 10. The flexible display device according to claim 9, wherein the dielectric elastic material is a silicone rubber polymer material, an acrylate polymer material or a carbon nanotube polymer material. 11. The flexible display device according to claim 1, wherein the flexible display device further comprises a fixed shaft located at one end of the flexible substrate, and the flexible substrate has an unfolded state and a rolled-up state with the fixed shaft as a reel. 12. The flexible display device according to claim 11, further comprising:
a rolling-up device for controlling the flexible substrate to change between the unfolded state and the rolled-up state; and a driving system for driving the rolling-up device to operate. 13. The flexible display device according to claim 11, wherein the fixed shaft is adjustable in size in at least one of a radial direction and an extending direction of the fixed shaft. 14. The flexible display device according to claim 13, wherein when the transformation film comprises the plurality of transformation units, a width of each transformation unit in the rollable direction of the flexible substrate is shorter than or equal to one-eighth of a minimum circumference of the fixed shaft. | A flexible display device relating to the technical field of displays. The flexible display device comprises: a flexible substrate; a flexible rigid transformative layer, formed at one side of the flexible substrate, comprising a transformative film capable of transforming between a flexible and a rigid state under the action of an electric field; and an electrode layer for forming the electric field used to drive changes in the transformative film.1. A flexible display device, comprising:
a flexible substrate; and a flexiblity-rigidity transformation layer disposed at one side of the flexible substrate, wherein, the flexiblity-rigidity transformation layer comprises an electrode layer and a transformation film capable of transforming between a flexiblity state and a rigidity state under an action of an electric field; and the electrode layer is used for generating an electric field for driving the transformation film to transform between the flexiblity state and the rigidity state. 2. The flexible display device according to claim 1, wherein the transformation film comprises a plurality of transformation units, wherein the plurality of transformation units are arranged in a rollable direction of the flexible substrate, and the plurality of transformation units are insulated from each other. 3. The flexible display device according to claim 2, wherein the electrode layer comprises a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer, wherein the first electrode layer comprises a plurality of first electrode units corresponding to the transformation units in a one-to-one manner, and the transformation units each is disposed between a corresponding first electrode unit and the second electrode layer. 4. The flexible display device according to claim 3, wherein the first electrode units are disposed on one side, facing away from the flexible substrate, of the transformation units, and the second electrode layer is disposed on one side, facing to the flexible substrate, of the transformation film. 5. The flexible display device according to claim 1, wherein the transformation film comprises one transformation unit. 6. The flexible display device according to claim 5, wherein the electrode layer comprises a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer, and the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are disposed on two sides of the transformation film respectively. 7. The flexible display device according to claim 5, wherein the electrode layer comprises a first electrode layer and a second electrode layer, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are disposed on a same side of the transformation film, the first electrode layer comprises a plurality of first electrode units, the second electrode layer comprises a plurality of second electrode units, and the plurality of second electrode units and the plurality of first electrode units are arranged at intervals and are alternately arranged on a same layer. 8. The flexible display device according to claim 1, wherein the flexiblity-rigidity transformation layer further includes a planarization layer for improving flatness, and the planarization layer is disposed on one side, facing away from the flexible substrate, of the transformation film and the electrode layer. 9. The flexible display device according to 7, wherein the transformation film is made of a dielectric elastic material. 10. The flexible display device according to claim 9, wherein the dielectric elastic material is a silicone rubber polymer material, an acrylate polymer material or a carbon nanotube polymer material. 11. The flexible display device according to claim 1, wherein the flexible display device further comprises a fixed shaft located at one end of the flexible substrate, and the flexible substrate has an unfolded state and a rolled-up state with the fixed shaft as a reel. 12. The flexible display device according to claim 11, further comprising:
a rolling-up device for controlling the flexible substrate to change between the unfolded state and the rolled-up state; and a driving system for driving the rolling-up device to operate. 13. The flexible display device according to claim 11, wherein the fixed shaft is adjustable in size in at least one of a radial direction and an extending direction of the fixed shaft. 14. The flexible display device according to claim 13, wherein when the transformation film comprises the plurality of transformation units, a width of each transformation unit in the rollable direction of the flexible substrate is shorter than or equal to one-eighth of a minimum circumference of the fixed shaft. | 3,600 |
340,617 | 16,642,078 | 3,663 | Methods of creating a texture for a three-dimensional (3D) model using frequency separation and/or depth buffers are provided. Frequency separation may include splitting one or more images each into higher frequency components (which includes finer details such—as facial pores, lines, birthmarks, spots, or other textural details) and lower frequency components (such as color or tone). Depth buffering may include storing higher frequency components of the images within a depth buffer based on a distance of a corresponding vertex in the 3D model from the camera coordinate system, and then, using the closest pixel to the camera. This pixel likely has a highest amount of sharpness or detail. The lower frequency components can be averaged to account for illumination differences, but because the high frequency components have been separated, detail in the final texture may be preserved. Related devices and computer program products are also provided. | 1. A method of creating a texture for a three-dimensional (3D) model based on captured image data comprising a plurality of images, the method comprising:
separating each image from the captured image data into frequency components, wherein the frequency components comprise a low frequency component and a high frequency component for each image; assigning the low and high frequency components of each image to texture coordinates of the texture; accumulating the low frequency components of the plurality of images, resulting in accumulated low frequency components; accumulating the high frequency components of the plurality of images, resulting in accumulated high frequency components; and combining the accumulated low frequency components and the accumulated high frequency components, resulting in the texture; and applying data to one or more gaps of the texture based on data from a lower resolution version of the texture. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of images comprises a first image, and wherein separating into frequency components comprises:
blurring the first image, resulting in a low frequency component of the first image; and determining a difference between the first image and the low frequency component, resulting in a high frequency component of the first image. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein a four pixel blur kernel is used to blur the first image. 4. The method of any of claim 1, wherein the plurality of images comprises a first image and a second image, and wherein the accumulating the low frequency components comprises adding a low frequency component of the first image to a low frequency component of the second image. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the low frequency component of the first image comprises a first color value, wherein the low frequency component of the second image comprises a second color value, and wherein the adding the low frequency component of the first image to the low frequency component of the second image comprises adding the first color value and the second color value. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein accumulating the high frequency components of the plurality of images comprises comparing depth values of the high frequency components of the plurality of images and storing a pixel having a lowest depth value of the depth values that are compared. 7. The method of any of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, in a storage medium, the captured image data from an image capture device. 8. The method of any of claim 1, wherein the captured image data comprises image data representative of a physical object, the method further comprising:
determining a texture mapping for a mesh representation of the physical object. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the determining the texture mapping for the mesh representation comprises:
creating a smooth copy of the mesh representation; creating one or more texture islands to be packed into the texture mapping; and packing the one or more texture islands into the texture mapping. 10. (canceled) 11. An electronic device comprising:
a processor; and a storage device that is coupled to the processor and comprises computer readable program code therein that when executed by the processor causes the processor to perform the method of claim 1. 12. A computer program product comprising:
a non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising computer readable program code therein that when executed by a processor causes the processor to perform the method of any of claim 1. 13. A computer program product comprising:
a non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising computer readable program code therein that when executed by a processor causes the processor to perform operations comprising:
separating each image of a plurality of images into frequency components, wherein the frequency components comprise a low frequency component and a high frequency component for each image;
assigning the low and high frequency components of each image to texture coordinates of a texture;
accumulating the low frequency components of the plurality of images, resulting in accumulated low frequency components;
accumulating the high frequency components of the plurality of images, resulting in accumulated high frequency components; and
combining the accumulated low frequency components and the accumulated high frequency components, resulting in the texture. 14. The computer program product of claim 13, wherein the plurality of images comprises a first image, and wherein separating into frequency components comprises:
blurring the first image, resulting in a low frequency component of the first image; and determining a difference between the first image and the low frequency component, resulting in a high frequency component of the first image. 15. The computer program product of claim 13, wherein the plurality of images comprises a first image and a second image, and wherein the accumulating the low frequency components comprises adding a low frequency component of the first image to a low frequency component of the second image. 16. The computer program product of any of claim 13, wherein accumulating the high frequency components of the plurality of images comprises comparing depth values of the high frequency components of the plurality of images and storing a pixel having a lowest depth value of the depth values that are compared. 17. An electronic device comprising:
a processor; and a storage device that is coupled to the processor and comprises computer readable program code therein that when executed by the processor causes the processor to perform operations comprising:
separating each image of a plurality of images into frequency components, wherein the frequency components comprise a low frequency component and a high frequency component for each image;
assigning the frequency components of each image to texture coordinates of a texture;
accumulating the low frequency components of the plurality of images, resulting in accumulated low frequency components;
accumulating the high frequency components of the plurality of images, resulting in accumulated high frequency components; and
combining the accumulated low frequency components and the accumulated high frequency components, resulting in the texture. 18. The electronic device of claim 17, wherein the plurality of images comprises a first image, and wherein separating into frequency components comprises:
blurring the first image, resulting in a low frequency component of the first image; and determining a difference between the first image and the low frequency component, resulting in a high frequency component of the first image. 19. The electronic device of claim 17, wherein the plurality of images comprises a first image and a second image, and wherein the accumulating the low frequency components comprises adding a low frequency component of the first image to a low frequency component of the second image. 20. The electronic device of any of claim 17, wherein accumulating the high frequency components of the plurality of images comprises comparing depth values of the high frequency components of the plurality of images and storing a pixel having a lowest depth value of the depth values that are compared. | Methods of creating a texture for a three-dimensional (3D) model using frequency separation and/or depth buffers are provided. Frequency separation may include splitting one or more images each into higher frequency components (which includes finer details such—as facial pores, lines, birthmarks, spots, or other textural details) and lower frequency components (such as color or tone). Depth buffering may include storing higher frequency components of the images within a depth buffer based on a distance of a corresponding vertex in the 3D model from the camera coordinate system, and then, using the closest pixel to the camera. This pixel likely has a highest amount of sharpness or detail. The lower frequency components can be averaged to account for illumination differences, but because the high frequency components have been separated, detail in the final texture may be preserved. Related devices and computer program products are also provided.1. A method of creating a texture for a three-dimensional (3D) model based on captured image data comprising a plurality of images, the method comprising:
separating each image from the captured image data into frequency components, wherein the frequency components comprise a low frequency component and a high frequency component for each image; assigning the low and high frequency components of each image to texture coordinates of the texture; accumulating the low frequency components of the plurality of images, resulting in accumulated low frequency components; accumulating the high frequency components of the plurality of images, resulting in accumulated high frequency components; and combining the accumulated low frequency components and the accumulated high frequency components, resulting in the texture; and applying data to one or more gaps of the texture based on data from a lower resolution version of the texture. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of images comprises a first image, and wherein separating into frequency components comprises:
blurring the first image, resulting in a low frequency component of the first image; and determining a difference between the first image and the low frequency component, resulting in a high frequency component of the first image. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein a four pixel blur kernel is used to blur the first image. 4. The method of any of claim 1, wherein the plurality of images comprises a first image and a second image, and wherein the accumulating the low frequency components comprises adding a low frequency component of the first image to a low frequency component of the second image. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the low frequency component of the first image comprises a first color value, wherein the low frequency component of the second image comprises a second color value, and wherein the adding the low frequency component of the first image to the low frequency component of the second image comprises adding the first color value and the second color value. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein accumulating the high frequency components of the plurality of images comprises comparing depth values of the high frequency components of the plurality of images and storing a pixel having a lowest depth value of the depth values that are compared. 7. The method of any of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving, in a storage medium, the captured image data from an image capture device. 8. The method of any of claim 1, wherein the captured image data comprises image data representative of a physical object, the method further comprising:
determining a texture mapping for a mesh representation of the physical object. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the determining the texture mapping for the mesh representation comprises:
creating a smooth copy of the mesh representation; creating one or more texture islands to be packed into the texture mapping; and packing the one or more texture islands into the texture mapping. 10. (canceled) 11. An electronic device comprising:
a processor; and a storage device that is coupled to the processor and comprises computer readable program code therein that when executed by the processor causes the processor to perform the method of claim 1. 12. A computer program product comprising:
a non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising computer readable program code therein that when executed by a processor causes the processor to perform the method of any of claim 1. 13. A computer program product comprising:
a non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising computer readable program code therein that when executed by a processor causes the processor to perform operations comprising:
separating each image of a plurality of images into frequency components, wherein the frequency components comprise a low frequency component and a high frequency component for each image;
assigning the low and high frequency components of each image to texture coordinates of a texture;
accumulating the low frequency components of the plurality of images, resulting in accumulated low frequency components;
accumulating the high frequency components of the plurality of images, resulting in accumulated high frequency components; and
combining the accumulated low frequency components and the accumulated high frequency components, resulting in the texture. 14. The computer program product of claim 13, wherein the plurality of images comprises a first image, and wherein separating into frequency components comprises:
blurring the first image, resulting in a low frequency component of the first image; and determining a difference between the first image and the low frequency component, resulting in a high frequency component of the first image. 15. The computer program product of claim 13, wherein the plurality of images comprises a first image and a second image, and wherein the accumulating the low frequency components comprises adding a low frequency component of the first image to a low frequency component of the second image. 16. The computer program product of any of claim 13, wherein accumulating the high frequency components of the plurality of images comprises comparing depth values of the high frequency components of the plurality of images and storing a pixel having a lowest depth value of the depth values that are compared. 17. An electronic device comprising:
a processor; and a storage device that is coupled to the processor and comprises computer readable program code therein that when executed by the processor causes the processor to perform operations comprising:
separating each image of a plurality of images into frequency components, wherein the frequency components comprise a low frequency component and a high frequency component for each image;
assigning the frequency components of each image to texture coordinates of a texture;
accumulating the low frequency components of the plurality of images, resulting in accumulated low frequency components;
accumulating the high frequency components of the plurality of images, resulting in accumulated high frequency components; and
combining the accumulated low frequency components and the accumulated high frequency components, resulting in the texture. 18. The electronic device of claim 17, wherein the plurality of images comprises a first image, and wherein separating into frequency components comprises:
blurring the first image, resulting in a low frequency component of the first image; and determining a difference between the first image and the low frequency component, resulting in a high frequency component of the first image. 19. The electronic device of claim 17, wherein the plurality of images comprises a first image and a second image, and wherein the accumulating the low frequency components comprises adding a low frequency component of the first image to a low frequency component of the second image. 20. The electronic device of any of claim 17, wherein accumulating the high frequency components of the plurality of images comprises comparing depth values of the high frequency components of the plurality of images and storing a pixel having a lowest depth value of the depth values that are compared. | 3,600 |
340,618 | 16,642,059 | 3,663 | Some embodiments of the invention include inventive compounds (e.g., compounds of Formula (I)). Other embodiments include compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical compositions) comprising the inventive compound. Still other embodiments of the invention include compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical compositions) for treating, for example, certain diseases using the inventive compounds. Some embodiments include methods of using the inventive compound (e.g., in compositions or in pharmaceutical compositions) for administering and treating (e.g., diseases such as cancer). Further embodiments include methods for making the inventive compounds. Additional embodiments of the invention are also discussed herein. | 1. A compound selected from Formula (I) 2. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is a salt of Formula (I). 3. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is Formula (I). 4. A composition comprising the compound of claim 1. 5. The composition of claim 4, wherein the amount of the compound is from about 0.0001% (by weight total composition) to about 99%. 6. The composition of claim 4, further comprising a formulary ingredient, an adjuvant, or a carrier. 7. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of claim 1. 8. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 7, wherein the amount of the compound is from about 0.0001% (by weight total composition) to about 50%. 9. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 7, further comprising a formulary ingredient, an adjuvant, or a carrier. 10. A method for providing an animal with a compound comprising one or more administrations of one or more compositions comprising the compound of claim 1, wherein the compositions may be the same or different if there is more than one administration. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein at least one of the one or more compositions further comprises a formulary ingredient. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein at least one of the one or more compositions comprises the composition of any of claims 4-6 or the pharmaceutical composition of any of claims 7-9. 13. The method of claim 10, wherein at least one of the one or more administrations comprises parenteral administration, mucosal administration, intravenous administration, subcutaneous administration, topical administration, intradermal administration, oral administration, sublingual administration, intranasal administration, or intramuscular administration. 14. The method of claim 10, wherein if there is more than one administration at least one composition used for at least one administration is different from the composition of at least one other administration. 15. The method of claim 10, wherein the compound of at least one of the one or more compositions is administered to the animal in an amount of from about 0.01 mg/kg animal body weight to about 150 mg/kg animal body weight. 16. The method of claim 10, wherein the animal is a human, a rodent, or a primate. 17. A method for treating an animal for a disease, comprising one or more administrations of one or more compositions comprising the compound of claim 1, wherein the compositions may be the same or different if there is more than one administration. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein at least one of the one or more compositions further comprises a formulary ingredient. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein at least one of the one or more compositions comprises the composition of any of claims 4-6 or the pharmaceutical composition of any of claims 7-9. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein at least one of the one or more administrations comprises parenteral administration, mucosal administration, intravenous administration, subcutaneous administration, topical administration, intradermal administration, oral administration, sublingual administration, intranasal administration, or intramuscular administration. 21. The method of claim 17, wherein if there is more than one administration at least one composition used for at least one administration is different from the composition of at least one other administration. 22. The method of claim 17, wherein the compound of at least one of the one or more compositions is administered to the animal in an amount of from about 0.005 mg/kg animal body weight to about 150 mg/kg animal body weight. 23. The method of claim 17, wherein the animal is a human, a rodent, or a primate. 24. The method of claim 17, wherein the animal is in need of the treatment. 25. The method of claim 17, wherein the method is for treating cancer. 26. The method of claim 17, wherein the method is for treating acute lymphoblastic leukemia, astrocytoma, basal cell carcinoma, bladder cancer, bone marrow cancer, brain cancer, brain tumors, childhood brain tumors, breast cancer, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), CNS cancer, glioblastoma, glioblastoma multiforme, gliosarcoma, astrocytoma, colon cancer, colorectal cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, endometrial cancer, gastric cancer, glioblastoma, glioblastoma multiforme, glioma, gliosarcoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, kidney cancer, renal cancer, leukemia, liver cancer, lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, lymphoma, melanoma, cutaneous malignant melanoma, melanoma tumorigenesis, malignancies, hematological malignancies, malignant nerve sheath tumors, medulloblastoma, meningioma, multiple myeloma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, neuroblastoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, non-small cell lung cancer, oral cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, prostate cancer, rectal cancer, renal cancer, renal cell carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, stomach cancer, thyroid cancer, uterine cancer, cancers that can result in metastasis, cancers resulting from metastasis, or cancerous tumors thereof. 27. The method of claim 17, wherein the method is for treating breast cancer, childhood brain tumors, hematological malignancies, leukemia, melanoma, lung cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, or cancerous tumors thereof. 28. The method of claim 17, wherein the method is for treating breast cancer, childhood brain tumors, hematological malignancies, leukemia, melanoma, lung cancer, colon cancer, or prostate cancer. 29. A method of inhibiting PFKFB4 in a cell, the method comprising contacting the cell with the compound of claim 1. 30. The method of claim 29, wherein PFKFB4 is specifically inhibited. 31. The method of claim 29, wherein the cell is a mammalian cell. 32. The method of claim 29, wherein the cell is a cancer cell. 33. The method of claim 29, wherein the cell is H460, H1299, H441, H522, DAOY, D283, SKBR3, Jurkat, B16F10, A549, MDA-MB-231, LNCaP, HCT116, or LLC cell line. 34. A method of inhibiting PFKFB4 in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of the compound of claim 1. 35. The method of claim 34, wherein the compound is administered at a dosage effective for specifically inhibiting PFKFB4. 36. The method of claim 34, wherein the compound is administered orally or administered intravenously. 37. The method of claim 34, wherein the subject has cancer. 38. The method of claim 34, wherein the subject has breast cancer, childhood brain tumors, hematological malignancies, leukemia, melanoma, lung cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, or cancerous tumors thereof. 39. The method of claim 34, wherein the method treats cancer in the subject. 40. The method of claim 34, wherein the method treats breast cancer, childhood brain tumors, hematological malignancies, leukemia, melanoma, lung cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, or cancerous tumors thereof, in the subject. 41. The method of claim 34, wherein the subject remains substantially free of signs of toxicity. 42. A method of reducing glycolytic flux in a cell, the method comprising contacting the cell with an effective amount of the compound of claim 1. 43. The method of claim 42, wherein the cell is a mammalian cell. 44. The method of claim 42, wherein the cell is a cancer cell. 45. The method of claim 42, wherein the cell is H460, H1299, H441, H522, DAOY, D283, SKBR3, Jurkat, B16F10, A549, MDA-MB-231, LNCaP, HCT116, or LLC cell line. 46. A method of reducing proliferative capacity of a cell, the method comprising contacting the cell with an effective amount of the compound of claim 1. 47. The method of claim 46, wherein the cell is contacted with the compound at a dosage effective for specifically inhibiting PFKFB4. 48. The method of claim 46, wherein the cell is a mammalian cell. 49. The method of claim 46, wherein the cell is a cancer cell. 50. The method of claim 46, wherein the cell is H460, H1299, H441, H522, DAOY, D283, SKBR3, Jurkat, B16F10, A549, MDA-MB-231, LNCaP, HCT116, or LLC cell line. 51. A method of reducing fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (F2,6BP) in a cell, the method comprising contacting the cell with an effective amount of the compound of claim 1. 52. The method of claim 51, wherein the cell is a mammalian cell. 53. The method of claim 51, wherein the cell is a cancer cell. 54. A method for preparing a compound of claim 1, the method comprising,
(a) reacting a compound of Formula (II) with a compound of Formula (III) to result in a mixture comprising a compound of Formula (IV); (b) reacting a compound of Formula (IV) with a compound of Formula (V); and; (c) recovering the compound of any of claims 1-3, 55. The method of claim 54, wherein the method is for preparing Formula (I). | Some embodiments of the invention include inventive compounds (e.g., compounds of Formula (I)). Other embodiments include compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical compositions) comprising the inventive compound. Still other embodiments of the invention include compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical compositions) for treating, for example, certain diseases using the inventive compounds. Some embodiments include methods of using the inventive compound (e.g., in compositions or in pharmaceutical compositions) for administering and treating (e.g., diseases such as cancer). Further embodiments include methods for making the inventive compounds. Additional embodiments of the invention are also discussed herein.1. A compound selected from Formula (I) 2. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is a salt of Formula (I). 3. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is Formula (I). 4. A composition comprising the compound of claim 1. 5. The composition of claim 4, wherein the amount of the compound is from about 0.0001% (by weight total composition) to about 99%. 6. The composition of claim 4, further comprising a formulary ingredient, an adjuvant, or a carrier. 7. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of claim 1. 8. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 7, wherein the amount of the compound is from about 0.0001% (by weight total composition) to about 50%. 9. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 7, further comprising a formulary ingredient, an adjuvant, or a carrier. 10. A method for providing an animal with a compound comprising one or more administrations of one or more compositions comprising the compound of claim 1, wherein the compositions may be the same or different if there is more than one administration. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein at least one of the one or more compositions further comprises a formulary ingredient. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein at least one of the one or more compositions comprises the composition of any of claims 4-6 or the pharmaceutical composition of any of claims 7-9. 13. The method of claim 10, wherein at least one of the one or more administrations comprises parenteral administration, mucosal administration, intravenous administration, subcutaneous administration, topical administration, intradermal administration, oral administration, sublingual administration, intranasal administration, or intramuscular administration. 14. The method of claim 10, wherein if there is more than one administration at least one composition used for at least one administration is different from the composition of at least one other administration. 15. The method of claim 10, wherein the compound of at least one of the one or more compositions is administered to the animal in an amount of from about 0.01 mg/kg animal body weight to about 150 mg/kg animal body weight. 16. The method of claim 10, wherein the animal is a human, a rodent, or a primate. 17. A method for treating an animal for a disease, comprising one or more administrations of one or more compositions comprising the compound of claim 1, wherein the compositions may be the same or different if there is more than one administration. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein at least one of the one or more compositions further comprises a formulary ingredient. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein at least one of the one or more compositions comprises the composition of any of claims 4-6 or the pharmaceutical composition of any of claims 7-9. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein at least one of the one or more administrations comprises parenteral administration, mucosal administration, intravenous administration, subcutaneous administration, topical administration, intradermal administration, oral administration, sublingual administration, intranasal administration, or intramuscular administration. 21. The method of claim 17, wherein if there is more than one administration at least one composition used for at least one administration is different from the composition of at least one other administration. 22. The method of claim 17, wherein the compound of at least one of the one or more compositions is administered to the animal in an amount of from about 0.005 mg/kg animal body weight to about 150 mg/kg animal body weight. 23. The method of claim 17, wherein the animal is a human, a rodent, or a primate. 24. The method of claim 17, wherein the animal is in need of the treatment. 25. The method of claim 17, wherein the method is for treating cancer. 26. The method of claim 17, wherein the method is for treating acute lymphoblastic leukemia, astrocytoma, basal cell carcinoma, bladder cancer, bone marrow cancer, brain cancer, brain tumors, childhood brain tumors, breast cancer, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), CNS cancer, glioblastoma, glioblastoma multiforme, gliosarcoma, astrocytoma, colon cancer, colorectal cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, endometrial cancer, gastric cancer, glioblastoma, glioblastoma multiforme, glioma, gliosarcoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, kidney cancer, renal cancer, leukemia, liver cancer, lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, lymphoma, melanoma, cutaneous malignant melanoma, melanoma tumorigenesis, malignancies, hematological malignancies, malignant nerve sheath tumors, medulloblastoma, meningioma, multiple myeloma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, neuroblastoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, non-small cell lung cancer, oral cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, prostate cancer, rectal cancer, renal cancer, renal cell carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, stomach cancer, thyroid cancer, uterine cancer, cancers that can result in metastasis, cancers resulting from metastasis, or cancerous tumors thereof. 27. The method of claim 17, wherein the method is for treating breast cancer, childhood brain tumors, hematological malignancies, leukemia, melanoma, lung cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, or cancerous tumors thereof. 28. The method of claim 17, wherein the method is for treating breast cancer, childhood brain tumors, hematological malignancies, leukemia, melanoma, lung cancer, colon cancer, or prostate cancer. 29. A method of inhibiting PFKFB4 in a cell, the method comprising contacting the cell with the compound of claim 1. 30. The method of claim 29, wherein PFKFB4 is specifically inhibited. 31. The method of claim 29, wherein the cell is a mammalian cell. 32. The method of claim 29, wherein the cell is a cancer cell. 33. The method of claim 29, wherein the cell is H460, H1299, H441, H522, DAOY, D283, SKBR3, Jurkat, B16F10, A549, MDA-MB-231, LNCaP, HCT116, or LLC cell line. 34. A method of inhibiting PFKFB4 in a subject, the method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of the compound of claim 1. 35. The method of claim 34, wherein the compound is administered at a dosage effective for specifically inhibiting PFKFB4. 36. The method of claim 34, wherein the compound is administered orally or administered intravenously. 37. The method of claim 34, wherein the subject has cancer. 38. The method of claim 34, wherein the subject has breast cancer, childhood brain tumors, hematological malignancies, leukemia, melanoma, lung cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, or cancerous tumors thereof. 39. The method of claim 34, wherein the method treats cancer in the subject. 40. The method of claim 34, wherein the method treats breast cancer, childhood brain tumors, hematological malignancies, leukemia, melanoma, lung cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, or cancerous tumors thereof, in the subject. 41. The method of claim 34, wherein the subject remains substantially free of signs of toxicity. 42. A method of reducing glycolytic flux in a cell, the method comprising contacting the cell with an effective amount of the compound of claim 1. 43. The method of claim 42, wherein the cell is a mammalian cell. 44. The method of claim 42, wherein the cell is a cancer cell. 45. The method of claim 42, wherein the cell is H460, H1299, H441, H522, DAOY, D283, SKBR3, Jurkat, B16F10, A549, MDA-MB-231, LNCaP, HCT116, or LLC cell line. 46. A method of reducing proliferative capacity of a cell, the method comprising contacting the cell with an effective amount of the compound of claim 1. 47. The method of claim 46, wherein the cell is contacted with the compound at a dosage effective for specifically inhibiting PFKFB4. 48. The method of claim 46, wherein the cell is a mammalian cell. 49. The method of claim 46, wherein the cell is a cancer cell. 50. The method of claim 46, wherein the cell is H460, H1299, H441, H522, DAOY, D283, SKBR3, Jurkat, B16F10, A549, MDA-MB-231, LNCaP, HCT116, or LLC cell line. 51. A method of reducing fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (F2,6BP) in a cell, the method comprising contacting the cell with an effective amount of the compound of claim 1. 52. The method of claim 51, wherein the cell is a mammalian cell. 53. The method of claim 51, wherein the cell is a cancer cell. 54. A method for preparing a compound of claim 1, the method comprising,
(a) reacting a compound of Formula (II) with a compound of Formula (III) to result in a mixture comprising a compound of Formula (IV); (b) reacting a compound of Formula (IV) with a compound of Formula (V); and; (c) recovering the compound of any of claims 1-3, 55. The method of claim 54, wherein the method is for preparing Formula (I). | 3,600 |
340,619 | 16,642,074 | 1,612 | The present invention relates to payloads containing functionalized platinum-(benz)acridine hybrid agents as cytotoxic warheads and a method of synthesizing the payloads. The payload can be regioselectively conjugated to a biologically active moiety in order to facilitate the delivery and/or enhance the activity of the platinum compound. | 1. A compound of formula E-A-F, wherein:
F is represented with the following general formula: 2. The compound of claim 1, wherein E further comprises C1-10 alkyl, wherein the C1-10 alkyl is optionally
(a) interpreted with one or more structural moieties selected from the group consisting of amino, oxygen, sulfur, amide, ester, carbamate, sulfonamide, sulfonyl, carbonate, ketone, disulfide, (CH2CH2O)p wherein p is an integer of 1 to 10, aryl or 5 to 12 membered aromatic or non-aromatic heterocyclic group; or (b) substituted with one or more structural moieties selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, imino, oxo, cyano, C1-10 alkoxy, C1-10 alkylthio, C1-6 alkylsulfonyl, di-C1-10 alkylamine, aryl or 5 to 12 membered aromatic or non-aromatic heterocyclic group. 3. The compound of any one of claim 1, wherein the terminal functional group of E is selected from the group consisting of 4. The compound of any one of claim 1, wherein the terminal functional group of E is 5. The compound of any one of claim 1, wherein A contains a group cleavable via enzymatic dipeptide cleavage, pH-sensitive cleavage, platinum-mediated hydrolytic ester cleavage, or self-immolative linker degradation. 6. The compound of any one of claim 1, wherein A contains one or more structural moieties selected from the group consisting of 7. The compound of any one of claim 1, wherein A contains a triazole and a cleavable group. 8. The compound of any one of claim 1, wherein n is 1 or 2. 9. The compound of any one of claim 1, wherein m is 1 or 2. 10. The compound of any one of claim 1, wherein
the two L ligands linked up to form a ligand selected from the group consisting of 1,2-diaminoethane, 1,3-diamino-propane, 11. The compound of any one of claim 1, wherein Y is present, and Pt is Pt(IV). 12. The compound of any one of claim 1, Y is Cl, Pt is Pt(IV), and the two L ligands link together to form 1,3-diamino-propane. 13. The compound of any one of claim 1, wherein F is represented as 14. The compound of any one of claim 1, which is selected from the group consisting of 15. A conjugate of a biologically active moiety and the compound of claim 1, wherein the biologically active moiety is selected from the group consisting of carbohydrate, peptide, folic acid, kinase inhibitor, (growth) hormone-receptor antagonist, micelle- and liposome-forming lipid, proapoptotic agent, chemosensitizing agent, a receptor-targeted vector, nanoparticle and polymer. 16. The conjugate of claim 15, wherein the biologically active moiety is a receptor-targeted vector selected from the group consisting of aptamer, integrin-binding RGD peptide, serum protein, human serum albumin, transferrin, engineered mAbs, or antibody fragments and mimics. 17. The conjugate of claim 15, wherein the biologically active moiety is a nanoparticle or a polymer selected from the group consisting of poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (pHPMA), polyphosphazene, dendrimeric polymer, carbon nanotube, and mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN). 18. The conjugate of claim 15, wherein the biologically active moiety is selected from the group consisting of carbohydrate, peptide, folic acid, kinase inhibitor, (growth) hormone-receptor antagonist, micelle- and liposome-forming lipid, proapoptotic agent, and chemosensitizing agent. 19. The conjugate of claim 15, which comprises a linkage selected from the group consisting of a thioether, an amide, a carbamate, an ester, triazole, a disulfide, a hydrazide, a hydrazine, and a carbonate between the biologically active moiety and the compound of claim 1. 20. The conjugate of claim 15, which comprises an amide, thioether, or triazole linkage derived from the free terminal functional group of E. 21-32. (canceled) | The present invention relates to payloads containing functionalized platinum-(benz)acridine hybrid agents as cytotoxic warheads and a method of synthesizing the payloads. The payload can be regioselectively conjugated to a biologically active moiety in order to facilitate the delivery and/or enhance the activity of the platinum compound.1. A compound of formula E-A-F, wherein:
F is represented with the following general formula: 2. The compound of claim 1, wherein E further comprises C1-10 alkyl, wherein the C1-10 alkyl is optionally
(a) interpreted with one or more structural moieties selected from the group consisting of amino, oxygen, sulfur, amide, ester, carbamate, sulfonamide, sulfonyl, carbonate, ketone, disulfide, (CH2CH2O)p wherein p is an integer of 1 to 10, aryl or 5 to 12 membered aromatic or non-aromatic heterocyclic group; or (b) substituted with one or more structural moieties selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, imino, oxo, cyano, C1-10 alkoxy, C1-10 alkylthio, C1-6 alkylsulfonyl, di-C1-10 alkylamine, aryl or 5 to 12 membered aromatic or non-aromatic heterocyclic group. 3. The compound of any one of claim 1, wherein the terminal functional group of E is selected from the group consisting of 4. The compound of any one of claim 1, wherein the terminal functional group of E is 5. The compound of any one of claim 1, wherein A contains a group cleavable via enzymatic dipeptide cleavage, pH-sensitive cleavage, platinum-mediated hydrolytic ester cleavage, or self-immolative linker degradation. 6. The compound of any one of claim 1, wherein A contains one or more structural moieties selected from the group consisting of 7. The compound of any one of claim 1, wherein A contains a triazole and a cleavable group. 8. The compound of any one of claim 1, wherein n is 1 or 2. 9. The compound of any one of claim 1, wherein m is 1 or 2. 10. The compound of any one of claim 1, wherein
the two L ligands linked up to form a ligand selected from the group consisting of 1,2-diaminoethane, 1,3-diamino-propane, 11. The compound of any one of claim 1, wherein Y is present, and Pt is Pt(IV). 12. The compound of any one of claim 1, Y is Cl, Pt is Pt(IV), and the two L ligands link together to form 1,3-diamino-propane. 13. The compound of any one of claim 1, wherein F is represented as 14. The compound of any one of claim 1, which is selected from the group consisting of 15. A conjugate of a biologically active moiety and the compound of claim 1, wherein the biologically active moiety is selected from the group consisting of carbohydrate, peptide, folic acid, kinase inhibitor, (growth) hormone-receptor antagonist, micelle- and liposome-forming lipid, proapoptotic agent, chemosensitizing agent, a receptor-targeted vector, nanoparticle and polymer. 16. The conjugate of claim 15, wherein the biologically active moiety is a receptor-targeted vector selected from the group consisting of aptamer, integrin-binding RGD peptide, serum protein, human serum albumin, transferrin, engineered mAbs, or antibody fragments and mimics. 17. The conjugate of claim 15, wherein the biologically active moiety is a nanoparticle or a polymer selected from the group consisting of poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (pHPMA), polyphosphazene, dendrimeric polymer, carbon nanotube, and mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN). 18. The conjugate of claim 15, wherein the biologically active moiety is selected from the group consisting of carbohydrate, peptide, folic acid, kinase inhibitor, (growth) hormone-receptor antagonist, micelle- and liposome-forming lipid, proapoptotic agent, and chemosensitizing agent. 19. The conjugate of claim 15, which comprises a linkage selected from the group consisting of a thioether, an amide, a carbamate, an ester, triazole, a disulfide, a hydrazide, a hydrazine, and a carbonate between the biologically active moiety and the compound of claim 1. 20. The conjugate of claim 15, which comprises an amide, thioether, or triazole linkage derived from the free terminal functional group of E. 21-32. (canceled) | 1,600 |
340,620 | 16,642,092 | 1,612 | An information processing apparatus includes a movement amount calculation unit (110) configured to calculate a movement of an object based on positional information indicating a position of the object, a comparison unit (120) configured to compare the movement calculated by the movement amount calculation unit (110) with a predetermined threshold, and an output unit (130) configured to output a result of the comparison made in the comparison unit (120). By this configuration, for example, the information processing apparatus outputs a result of the comparison between the movement of the object calculated based on the positional information indicating the position of the object calculated by satellite positioning and a predetermined threshold. Therefore, it is possible to determine the reliability of the result of the satellite positioning more accurately. | 1. An information processing apparatus comprising:
movement amount calculation unit for calculating a movement of an object based on positional information indicating a position of the object calculated by satellite positioning; comparison unit for comparing the movement calculated by the movement amount calculation unit with a predetermined threshold; and output unit for outputting a result of the comparison made in the comparison unit. 2. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the output unit outputs a result of positioning using the positional information of the object based on a result of the comparison made in the comparison unit. 3. The information processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein when the movement calculated by the movement amount calculation unit is within a predetermined range indicated by the threshold based on the result of the comparison made in the comparison unit, the output unit outputs the result of positioning using the positional information of the object. 4. The information processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein when the movement calculated by the movement amount calculation unit is not within a predetermined range indicated by the threshold based on the result of the comparison made in the comparison unit, the output unit outputs a result of positioning using other positional information, different from the result of positioning using the positional information of the object. 5. An information processing apparatus comprising:
movement amount calculation unit for calculating a movement of an object based on positional information indicating a position of the object calculated by satellite positioning; score acquisition unit for acquiring a score corresponding to the movement calculated by the movement amount calculation unit; and output unit for outputting the score acquired by the score acquisition unit. 6. The information processing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the output unit outputs a result of positioning using the positional information of the object based on the score acquired by the score acquisition unit. 7. The information processing apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising weighting unit for assigning a predetermined weight to the score acquired by the score acquisition unit, wherein
the output unit outputs the score to which the weighting unit has assigned the weight. 8. The information processing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the output unit outputs a result of positioning using the positional information of the object based on the score to which the weighting unit has assigned the weight. 9. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the movement amount calculation moans unit calculates at least one of a moving speed of the object, an acceleration of the object, a moving angle of the object with respect to a direction parallel to a ground surface, and a moving angle of the object with respect to a direction perpendicular to the ground surface as the movement of the object based on the positional information. 10. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the movement amount calculation unit calculates the movement of the object based on a plurality of positional information pieces respectively acquired at predetermined cycles. 11. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising positional information acquisition unit for acquiring the positional information of the object, wherein
the movement amount calculation unit calculates the movement of the object based on the positional information acquired by the positional information acquisition unit. 12.-13. (canceled) 14. A method for outputting a result of positioning, comprising:
a process of calculating a movement of an object based on positional information indicating a position of the object calculated by satellite positioning; a process of comparing the calculated movement with a predetermined threshold; and a process of outputting a result of the comparison. 15.-17. (canceled) 18. The method for outputting a result of positioning according to claim 14, further comprising a process of outputting a result of positioning using the positional information of the object based on a result of the comparison. 19. The method for outputting a result of positioning according to claim 18, further comprising a process of outputting, when the calculated movement is within a predetermined range indicated by the threshold based on the result of the comparison, the result of positioning using the positional information of the object. 20. The method for outputting a result of positioning according to claim 18, further comprising a process of outputting, when the calculated movement is not within a predetermined range indicated by the threshold based on the result of the comparison, a result of positioning using other positional information, different from the result of positioning using the positional information of the object. 21. The method for outputting a result of positioning according to claim 14, further comprising a process of calculating at least one of a moving speed of the object, an acceleration of the object, a moving angle of the object with respect to a direction parallel to a ground surface, and a moving angle of the object with respect to a direction perpendicular to the ground surface as the movement of the object based on the positional information. 22. The method for outputting a result of positioning according to claim 14, further comprising a process of calculating the movement of the object based on a plurality of positional information pieces respectively acquired at predetermined cycles. 23. The method for outputting a result of positioning according to claim 14, further comprising a process of acquiring the positional information of the object. | An information processing apparatus includes a movement amount calculation unit (110) configured to calculate a movement of an object based on positional information indicating a position of the object, a comparison unit (120) configured to compare the movement calculated by the movement amount calculation unit (110) with a predetermined threshold, and an output unit (130) configured to output a result of the comparison made in the comparison unit (120). By this configuration, for example, the information processing apparatus outputs a result of the comparison between the movement of the object calculated based on the positional information indicating the position of the object calculated by satellite positioning and a predetermined threshold. Therefore, it is possible to determine the reliability of the result of the satellite positioning more accurately.1. An information processing apparatus comprising:
movement amount calculation unit for calculating a movement of an object based on positional information indicating a position of the object calculated by satellite positioning; comparison unit for comparing the movement calculated by the movement amount calculation unit with a predetermined threshold; and output unit for outputting a result of the comparison made in the comparison unit. 2. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the output unit outputs a result of positioning using the positional information of the object based on a result of the comparison made in the comparison unit. 3. The information processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein when the movement calculated by the movement amount calculation unit is within a predetermined range indicated by the threshold based on the result of the comparison made in the comparison unit, the output unit outputs the result of positioning using the positional information of the object. 4. The information processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein when the movement calculated by the movement amount calculation unit is not within a predetermined range indicated by the threshold based on the result of the comparison made in the comparison unit, the output unit outputs a result of positioning using other positional information, different from the result of positioning using the positional information of the object. 5. An information processing apparatus comprising:
movement amount calculation unit for calculating a movement of an object based on positional information indicating a position of the object calculated by satellite positioning; score acquisition unit for acquiring a score corresponding to the movement calculated by the movement amount calculation unit; and output unit for outputting the score acquired by the score acquisition unit. 6. The information processing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the output unit outputs a result of positioning using the positional information of the object based on the score acquired by the score acquisition unit. 7. The information processing apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising weighting unit for assigning a predetermined weight to the score acquired by the score acquisition unit, wherein
the output unit outputs the score to which the weighting unit has assigned the weight. 8. The information processing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the output unit outputs a result of positioning using the positional information of the object based on the score to which the weighting unit has assigned the weight. 9. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the movement amount calculation moans unit calculates at least one of a moving speed of the object, an acceleration of the object, a moving angle of the object with respect to a direction parallel to a ground surface, and a moving angle of the object with respect to a direction perpendicular to the ground surface as the movement of the object based on the positional information. 10. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the movement amount calculation unit calculates the movement of the object based on a plurality of positional information pieces respectively acquired at predetermined cycles. 11. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising positional information acquisition unit for acquiring the positional information of the object, wherein
the movement amount calculation unit calculates the movement of the object based on the positional information acquired by the positional information acquisition unit. 12.-13. (canceled) 14. A method for outputting a result of positioning, comprising:
a process of calculating a movement of an object based on positional information indicating a position of the object calculated by satellite positioning; a process of comparing the calculated movement with a predetermined threshold; and a process of outputting a result of the comparison. 15.-17. (canceled) 18. The method for outputting a result of positioning according to claim 14, further comprising a process of outputting a result of positioning using the positional information of the object based on a result of the comparison. 19. The method for outputting a result of positioning according to claim 18, further comprising a process of outputting, when the calculated movement is within a predetermined range indicated by the threshold based on the result of the comparison, the result of positioning using the positional information of the object. 20. The method for outputting a result of positioning according to claim 18, further comprising a process of outputting, when the calculated movement is not within a predetermined range indicated by the threshold based on the result of the comparison, a result of positioning using other positional information, different from the result of positioning using the positional information of the object. 21. The method for outputting a result of positioning according to claim 14, further comprising a process of calculating at least one of a moving speed of the object, an acceleration of the object, a moving angle of the object with respect to a direction parallel to a ground surface, and a moving angle of the object with respect to a direction perpendicular to the ground surface as the movement of the object based on the positional information. 22. The method for outputting a result of positioning according to claim 14, further comprising a process of calculating the movement of the object based on a plurality of positional information pieces respectively acquired at predetermined cycles. 23. The method for outputting a result of positioning according to claim 14, further comprising a process of acquiring the positional information of the object. | 1,600 |
340,621 | 16,642,093 | 1,612 | A display panel and a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device are provided. The display panel includes a base substrate and a plurality of sub-pixels disposed on the base substrate, the plurality of sub-pixels constitute a plurality of repeating units, and each of the plurality of repeating units includes a sub-pixel of first color, two sub-pixels of second color, and a sub-pixel of third color, each of the plurality of sub-pixels includes a driving transistor, and the light emitting element includes a first electrode layer, a light emitting layer, and a second electrode layer; an orthographic projection of the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in each sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of a gate electrode of the driving transistor in each sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate. | 1. A display panel, comprising: a base substrate and a plurality of sub-pixels disposed on the base substrate, wherein the plurality of sub-pixels constitute a plurality of repeating units, each of the plurality of repeating units comprises a sub-pixel of first color, two sub-pixels of second color, and a sub-pixel of third color;
each of the plurality of sub-pixels comprises a driving transistor and a light emitting element electrically connected to the driving transistor, and the light emitting element comprises a first electrode layer, a light emitting layer, and a second electrode layer; an orthographic projection of the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in each sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of a gate electrode of the driving transistor in each sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate. 2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the orthographic projection of the gate electrode of the driving transistor in each sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate is within the orthographic projection of the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in each sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate. 3. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of sub-pixels comprises a pixel circuit, and the pixel circuit comprises the driving transistor,
the orthographic projection of the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in a first one of the two sub-pixels of second color on the base substrate at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of the pixel circuit in a second one of the two sub-pixels of second color on the base substrate; the orthographic projection of the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in the second sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the pixel circuit in the first sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate. 4. The display panel according to claim 3, wherein a shape of the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in the first sub-pixel of second color is different from a shape of the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in the second sub-pixel of second color. 5. The display panel according to claim 4, wherein the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in the first sub-pixel of second color comprises: a first driving electrode block and an auxiliary electrode block connected to the first driving electrode block;
an orthographic projection of the first driving electrode block on the base substrate does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the gate electrode of the driving transistor in the first sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate; and an orthographic projection of the auxiliary electrode block on the base substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the gate electrode of the driving transistor in the first sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate. 6. The display panel according to claim 5, wherein a ratio of an area of a first projection overlap region of the auxiliary electrode block to an area of a second projection overlap region of the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in the second sub-pixel of second color is within a ratio range;
the first projection overlap region is an overlap region between the orthographic projection of the auxiliary electrode block on the base substrate and the orthographic projection of the gate electrode of the driving transistor in the first sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate, the second projection overlap region is an overlap region between the orthographic projection of the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in the second sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate and the orthographic projection of the gate electrode of the driving transistor in the second sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate, and the ratio range is from 90 percent to 110 percent. 7. The display panel according to claim 5, wherein the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in the second sub-pixel of second color comprises a second driving electrode block;
an orthographic projection of the second driving electrode block on the base substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the gate electrode of the driving transistor in the second sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate. 8. The display panel according to claim 7, wherein a shape of the first driving electrode block is different from a shape of the auxiliary electrode block, the shape of the first driving electrode block is identical with a shape of the second driving electrode block, and an area of the orthographic projection of the first driving electrode block on the base substrate is identical with an area of the orthographic projection of the second driving electrode block on the base substrate. 9. The display panel according to claim 7, wherein a distance between a center of the gate electrode of the driving transistor of the pixel circuit of the first sub-pixel of second color and a center of the first driving electrode block is greater than a distance between a center of the gate electrode of the driving transistor of the pixel circuit of the second sub-pixel of second color and a center of the second driving electrode block. 10. The display panel according to claim 7, wherein the gate electrode of the driving transistor of the pixel circuit of the first sub-pixel of second color and the gate electrode of the driving transistor of the pixel circuit of the second sub-pixel of second color are arranged in a first direction, and the first direction is parallel to a surface of the base substrate,
in the first direction, the first driving electrode block is on a side of the gate electrode of the driving transistor of the pixel circuit of the first sub-pixel of second color close to the gate electrode of the driving transistor of the pixel circuit of the second sub-pixel of second color. 11. (canceled) 12. The display panel according to claim 5, wherein the pixel circuit further comprises a parasitic sub-circuit, the parasitic sub-circuit of the pixel circuit in the first sub-pixel of second color comprises a first capacitor, and the first capacitor comprises a first electrode and a second electrode,
the auxiliary electrode block serves as the first electrode of the first capacitor, and the gate electrode of the driving transistor of the first sub-pixel of second color is multiplexed as the second electrode of the first capacitor, the pixel circuit further comprises a parasitic sub-circuit, the parasitic sub-circuit of the pixel circuit in the second sub-pixel of second color comprises a second capacitor, and the second capacitor comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, the second driving electrode block serves as the first electrode of the second capacitor, and the gate electrode of the driving, transistor of the second-sub-pixel of second color is multiplexed as the second electrode of the second capacitor. 13. (canceled) 14. The display panel according to claim 10, wherein in each repeating unit, the first sub-pixel of second color and the second sub-pixel of second color are arranged along the first direction, and in the first direction, the auxiliary electrode block is on a side of the first driving electrode block away from the light emitting element of the second sub-pixel of second color,
in each repeating unit, the sub-pixel of first color and the sub-pixel of third color are arranged along a second direction, and in the second direction the first sub-pixel of second color and the second sub-pixel of second color pre between the sub-pixel of first color and the sub-pixel of third color, the second direction is parallel to the surface of the base substrate, and the first direction, and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. 15. (canceled) 16. (canceled) 17. The display panel according to claim 14, further comprising: a flat layer on a side of the pixel circuit away from the base substrate;
wherein the first electrode layer is on a side of the flat layer away from the driving transistor; the light emitting layer is on a side of the first electrode layer away from the flat layer; and the second electrode layer is on a side of the light emitting layer away from the first electrode layer, the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in the first sub-pixel of second color further comprises a first connection electrode block, and the first connection electrode block is electrically connected to the first driving electrode block, in the first direction, the first connection electrode block is on a side of the first driving electrode block away from the light emitting element of the second sub-pixel of second color, the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in the second sub-pixel of second color further comprises a second connection electrode block, and the second connection electrode block is electrically connected to the second driving electrode block, in the first direction, the second connection electrode block is on a side of the second driving electrode block away from the light emitting element of the first sub-pixel of second color, the flat layer comprises a first hole and a second hole, the first correction electrode block is electrically connected to the pixel circuit of the first sub-pixel of second color through the first hole, and the second connection electrode block is electrically connected to the pixel circuit of the second sub-pixel of second color through the second hole. 18. (canceled) 19. (canceled) 20. (canceled) 21. The display panel according to claim 17, wherein in the first direction, the first connection electrode block is between the gate electrode of the driving transistor of the pixel circuit of the first sub-pixel of second color and the gate electrode of the driving transistor of the pixel circuit of the second sub-pixel of second color,
wherein in, the first direction, the first connection electrode block is between the first driving electrode block and the auxiliary electrode block. 22. (canceled) 23. (canceled) 24. The display panel according to claim 17, wherein a shape of the first connection electrode block is identical with a shape of the second connection electrode block, an area of an orthographic projection of the first connection electrode block on the base substrate is identical with an area of an orthographic projection of the second connection electrode block on the base substrate. 25. The display panel according to claim 17, wherein the first electrode layer of the light emitting element of the sub-pixel of first color comprises a third driving electrode block and a third connection electrode block that are electrically connected to each other, and the first electrode layer of the light emitting element of the sub-pixel of third color comprises a fourth driving electrode block and a fourth connection electrode block that are electrically connected to each other,
the flat layer comprises a third hole and a fourth hole, and the third connection electrode block extends to the third hole and is electrically connected to the pixel circuit of the sub-pixel of first color through the third hole, and the fourth connection electrode block extends to the fourth hole and is electrically connected to the pixel circuit of the sub-pixel of third color through the fourth hole, in each repeating unit, in the first direction, the third connection electrode block is on a side of the third driving electrode block away from the auxiliary electrode block, and in, the second direction, the third connection electrode block is on aside of the third driving electrode block close to the fourth driving electrode block; in the first direction, the fourth connection electrode block is on a side of the fourth driving electrode block away from the auxiliary electrode block, and in the second direction, the fourth connection electrode block is on a side of the fourth driving electrode block close to the third driving electrode block. 26. (canceled) 27. The display panel according to claim 25, wherein the pixel circuit comprises an active semiconductor layer, a gate metal layer, and a source-drain metal layer, in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate, the active semiconductor layer is between the base substrate and the gate metal layer, and the gate metal layer is between the active semiconductor layer and the source-drain metal layer,
the first connection electrode block extends to the source-drain metal layer through the first hole, the second connection electrode block extends to the source-drain metal layer through the second hole, the third connection electrode block extends to the source-drain metal layer through the third hole, and the fourth connection electrode block extends to the source-drain metal layer through the fourth hole. 28. The display panel according to claim 25, wherein the plurality of repeating units are arranged along a second direction to form a plurality of repeating unit groups, the plurality of repeating unit groups are arranged along the first direction,
in the first direction, the first connection electrode block, the second connection electrode block, the third connection electrode block, and the fourth connection electrode block are between two adjacent repeating unit groups, and in the first direction, at least a part of the auxiliary electrode block is on a side of the auxiliary electrode block away from the first driving electrode block and between two adjacent repeating units in a repeating unit group adjacent to a repeating unit group where the auxiliary electrode block is located. 29. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the sub-pixel of first color is a red sub-pixel, the two sub-pixels of second color are both green sub-pixels, and the sub-pixel of third color is a blue sub-pixel. 30. (canceled) 31. (canceled) 32. (canceled) 33. A display device, comprising: the display panel according to claim 1. | A display panel and a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device are provided. The display panel includes a base substrate and a plurality of sub-pixels disposed on the base substrate, the plurality of sub-pixels constitute a plurality of repeating units, and each of the plurality of repeating units includes a sub-pixel of first color, two sub-pixels of second color, and a sub-pixel of third color, each of the plurality of sub-pixels includes a driving transistor, and the light emitting element includes a first electrode layer, a light emitting layer, and a second electrode layer; an orthographic projection of the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in each sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of a gate electrode of the driving transistor in each sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate.1. A display panel, comprising: a base substrate and a plurality of sub-pixels disposed on the base substrate, wherein the plurality of sub-pixels constitute a plurality of repeating units, each of the plurality of repeating units comprises a sub-pixel of first color, two sub-pixels of second color, and a sub-pixel of third color;
each of the plurality of sub-pixels comprises a driving transistor and a light emitting element electrically connected to the driving transistor, and the light emitting element comprises a first electrode layer, a light emitting layer, and a second electrode layer; an orthographic projection of the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in each sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of a gate electrode of the driving transistor in each sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate. 2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the orthographic projection of the gate electrode of the driving transistor in each sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate is within the orthographic projection of the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in each sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate. 3. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of sub-pixels comprises a pixel circuit, and the pixel circuit comprises the driving transistor,
the orthographic projection of the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in a first one of the two sub-pixels of second color on the base substrate at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of the pixel circuit in a second one of the two sub-pixels of second color on the base substrate; the orthographic projection of the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in the second sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the pixel circuit in the first sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate. 4. The display panel according to claim 3, wherein a shape of the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in the first sub-pixel of second color is different from a shape of the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in the second sub-pixel of second color. 5. The display panel according to claim 4, wherein the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in the first sub-pixel of second color comprises: a first driving electrode block and an auxiliary electrode block connected to the first driving electrode block;
an orthographic projection of the first driving electrode block on the base substrate does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the gate electrode of the driving transistor in the first sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate; and an orthographic projection of the auxiliary electrode block on the base substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the gate electrode of the driving transistor in the first sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate. 6. The display panel according to claim 5, wherein a ratio of an area of a first projection overlap region of the auxiliary electrode block to an area of a second projection overlap region of the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in the second sub-pixel of second color is within a ratio range;
the first projection overlap region is an overlap region between the orthographic projection of the auxiliary electrode block on the base substrate and the orthographic projection of the gate electrode of the driving transistor in the first sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate, the second projection overlap region is an overlap region between the orthographic projection of the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in the second sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate and the orthographic projection of the gate electrode of the driving transistor in the second sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate, and the ratio range is from 90 percent to 110 percent. 7. The display panel according to claim 5, wherein the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in the second sub-pixel of second color comprises a second driving electrode block;
an orthographic projection of the second driving electrode block on the base substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the gate electrode of the driving transistor in the second sub-pixel of second color on the base substrate. 8. The display panel according to claim 7, wherein a shape of the first driving electrode block is different from a shape of the auxiliary electrode block, the shape of the first driving electrode block is identical with a shape of the second driving electrode block, and an area of the orthographic projection of the first driving electrode block on the base substrate is identical with an area of the orthographic projection of the second driving electrode block on the base substrate. 9. The display panel according to claim 7, wherein a distance between a center of the gate electrode of the driving transistor of the pixel circuit of the first sub-pixel of second color and a center of the first driving electrode block is greater than a distance between a center of the gate electrode of the driving transistor of the pixel circuit of the second sub-pixel of second color and a center of the second driving electrode block. 10. The display panel according to claim 7, wherein the gate electrode of the driving transistor of the pixel circuit of the first sub-pixel of second color and the gate electrode of the driving transistor of the pixel circuit of the second sub-pixel of second color are arranged in a first direction, and the first direction is parallel to a surface of the base substrate,
in the first direction, the first driving electrode block is on a side of the gate electrode of the driving transistor of the pixel circuit of the first sub-pixel of second color close to the gate electrode of the driving transistor of the pixel circuit of the second sub-pixel of second color. 11. (canceled) 12. The display panel according to claim 5, wherein the pixel circuit further comprises a parasitic sub-circuit, the parasitic sub-circuit of the pixel circuit in the first sub-pixel of second color comprises a first capacitor, and the first capacitor comprises a first electrode and a second electrode,
the auxiliary electrode block serves as the first electrode of the first capacitor, and the gate electrode of the driving transistor of the first sub-pixel of second color is multiplexed as the second electrode of the first capacitor, the pixel circuit further comprises a parasitic sub-circuit, the parasitic sub-circuit of the pixel circuit in the second sub-pixel of second color comprises a second capacitor, and the second capacitor comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, the second driving electrode block serves as the first electrode of the second capacitor, and the gate electrode of the driving, transistor of the second-sub-pixel of second color is multiplexed as the second electrode of the second capacitor. 13. (canceled) 14. The display panel according to claim 10, wherein in each repeating unit, the first sub-pixel of second color and the second sub-pixel of second color are arranged along the first direction, and in the first direction, the auxiliary electrode block is on a side of the first driving electrode block away from the light emitting element of the second sub-pixel of second color,
in each repeating unit, the sub-pixel of first color and the sub-pixel of third color are arranged along a second direction, and in the second direction the first sub-pixel of second color and the second sub-pixel of second color pre between the sub-pixel of first color and the sub-pixel of third color, the second direction is parallel to the surface of the base substrate, and the first direction, and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. 15. (canceled) 16. (canceled) 17. The display panel according to claim 14, further comprising: a flat layer on a side of the pixel circuit away from the base substrate;
wherein the first electrode layer is on a side of the flat layer away from the driving transistor; the light emitting layer is on a side of the first electrode layer away from the flat layer; and the second electrode layer is on a side of the light emitting layer away from the first electrode layer, the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in the first sub-pixel of second color further comprises a first connection electrode block, and the first connection electrode block is electrically connected to the first driving electrode block, in the first direction, the first connection electrode block is on a side of the first driving electrode block away from the light emitting element of the second sub-pixel of second color, the first electrode layer of the light emitting element in the second sub-pixel of second color further comprises a second connection electrode block, and the second connection electrode block is electrically connected to the second driving electrode block, in the first direction, the second connection electrode block is on a side of the second driving electrode block away from the light emitting element of the first sub-pixel of second color, the flat layer comprises a first hole and a second hole, the first correction electrode block is electrically connected to the pixel circuit of the first sub-pixel of second color through the first hole, and the second connection electrode block is electrically connected to the pixel circuit of the second sub-pixel of second color through the second hole. 18. (canceled) 19. (canceled) 20. (canceled) 21. The display panel according to claim 17, wherein in the first direction, the first connection electrode block is between the gate electrode of the driving transistor of the pixel circuit of the first sub-pixel of second color and the gate electrode of the driving transistor of the pixel circuit of the second sub-pixel of second color,
wherein in, the first direction, the first connection electrode block is between the first driving electrode block and the auxiliary electrode block. 22. (canceled) 23. (canceled) 24. The display panel according to claim 17, wherein a shape of the first connection electrode block is identical with a shape of the second connection electrode block, an area of an orthographic projection of the first connection electrode block on the base substrate is identical with an area of an orthographic projection of the second connection electrode block on the base substrate. 25. The display panel according to claim 17, wherein the first electrode layer of the light emitting element of the sub-pixel of first color comprises a third driving electrode block and a third connection electrode block that are electrically connected to each other, and the first electrode layer of the light emitting element of the sub-pixel of third color comprises a fourth driving electrode block and a fourth connection electrode block that are electrically connected to each other,
the flat layer comprises a third hole and a fourth hole, and the third connection electrode block extends to the third hole and is electrically connected to the pixel circuit of the sub-pixel of first color through the third hole, and the fourth connection electrode block extends to the fourth hole and is electrically connected to the pixel circuit of the sub-pixel of third color through the fourth hole, in each repeating unit, in the first direction, the third connection electrode block is on a side of the third driving electrode block away from the auxiliary electrode block, and in, the second direction, the third connection electrode block is on aside of the third driving electrode block close to the fourth driving electrode block; in the first direction, the fourth connection electrode block is on a side of the fourth driving electrode block away from the auxiliary electrode block, and in the second direction, the fourth connection electrode block is on a side of the fourth driving electrode block close to the third driving electrode block. 26. (canceled) 27. The display panel according to claim 25, wherein the pixel circuit comprises an active semiconductor layer, a gate metal layer, and a source-drain metal layer, in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate, the active semiconductor layer is between the base substrate and the gate metal layer, and the gate metal layer is between the active semiconductor layer and the source-drain metal layer,
the first connection electrode block extends to the source-drain metal layer through the first hole, the second connection electrode block extends to the source-drain metal layer through the second hole, the third connection electrode block extends to the source-drain metal layer through the third hole, and the fourth connection electrode block extends to the source-drain metal layer through the fourth hole. 28. The display panel according to claim 25, wherein the plurality of repeating units are arranged along a second direction to form a plurality of repeating unit groups, the plurality of repeating unit groups are arranged along the first direction,
in the first direction, the first connection electrode block, the second connection electrode block, the third connection electrode block, and the fourth connection electrode block are between two adjacent repeating unit groups, and in the first direction, at least a part of the auxiliary electrode block is on a side of the auxiliary electrode block away from the first driving electrode block and between two adjacent repeating units in a repeating unit group adjacent to a repeating unit group where the auxiliary electrode block is located. 29. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the sub-pixel of first color is a red sub-pixel, the two sub-pixels of second color are both green sub-pixels, and the sub-pixel of third color is a blue sub-pixel. 30. (canceled) 31. (canceled) 32. (canceled) 33. A display device, comprising: the display panel according to claim 1. | 1,600 |
340,622 | 16,642,099 | 1,612 | A display substrate and a preparation method thereof, and a display device are provided. The display substrate includes a display region and an opening region, the display region surrounds the opening region, a first barrier wall is between the display region and the opening region, and the first barrier wall surrounds the opening region; the first barrier wall includes a first metal layer structure, and at least one side surface, surrounding the opening region, of the first metal layer structure includes a recess. | 1. A display substrate, comprising a display region and an opening region, the display region surrounding the opening region,
wherein a first barrier wall is between the display region and the opening region, and the first barrier wall surrounds the opening region; the first barrier wall comprises a first metal layer structure, and at least one side surface, surrounding the opening region, of the first metal layer structure comprises a recess. 2. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein the display region comprises an electrode pattern,
the electrode pattern comprises a second metal layer structure, the first metal layer structure and the second metal layer structure have a same structure and comprise a same material. 3. The display substrate according to claim 1, further comprising a base substrate,
wherein the first metal layer structure comprises: a first metal sub-layer on a first side of the base substrate, and a second metal sub-layer on a side of the first metal sub-layer away from the base substrate,
wherein an orthographic projection of the first metal sub-layer on the base substrate is within an orthographic projection of the second metal sub-layer on the base substrate, so as to form the recess. 4. The display substrate according to claim 3, wherein the first metal layer structure further comprises a third metal sub-layer on the first side of the base substrate,
the first metal sub-layer is on a side of the third metal sub-layer away from the base substrate, and the orthographic projection of the first metal sub-layer on the base substrate is within an orthographic projection of the third metal sub-layer on the base substrate; and the orthographic projection of the second metal sub-layer on the base substrate is within the orthographic projection of the third metal sub-layer on the base substrate. 5. (canceled) 6. The display substrate according to claim 4, wherein a thickness of the first metal sub-layer is larger than a thickness of the second metal sub-layer and is larger than a thickness of the third metal sub-layer; and
the thickness of the first metal sub-layer ranges from 150 nm to 900 nm, the thickness of the second metal sub-layer ranges from 30 nm to 300 nm, and the thickness of the third metal sub-layer ranges from 30 nm to 300 nm. 7. (canceled) 8. The display substrate according to claim 3, wherein an indentation direction of the recess is parallel to the base substrate. 9. The display substrate according to claim 1, further comprising a second barrier wall that is between the display region and the opening region,
wherein the second barrier wall surrounds the opening region, has a same structure as the first barrier wall, and is arranged on a side of the first barrier wall away from the opening region. 10. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein the display region further comprises a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and an organic functional layer between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer,
the first electrode layer, the second electrode layer, and the organic functional layer are configured to form a light emitting device; and the organic functional layer is disconnected at the side surface, comprising the recess, of the first barrier wall; the second, electrode layer is a cathode layer, and the cathode layer is disconnected at the side surface, comprising the recess, of the first barrier wall. 11. (canceled) 12. The display substrate according to claim 3, further comprising a sensor,
wherein the sensor is connected to the base substrate, and an orthographic projection of the sensor on the base substrate at least partially overlaps with the opening region. 13. The display substrate according to claim 3, wherein under action of an etching solution for etching to form the first metal layer structure, an etching rate of a material of the first metal sub-layer is larger than an etching rate of a material of the second metal sub-layer;
the material of the first metal sub-layer comprises aluminum or cooper; and the material of the second metal sub-layer comprises titanium or molybdenum. 14. (canceled) 15. The display substrate according to claim 3, wherein the first barrier wall further comprises an insulation layer structure,
the insulation layer structure is on the first side of the base substrate, and the first metal layer structure is on a side of the insulation layer structure away from the base substrate; and the insulation layer structure comprises a plurality of insulation sub-layers. 16. (canceled) 17. A preparation method of a display substrate, comprising:
forming a display region and an opening region, wherein the display region surrounds the opening region, and forming a first barrier wall between the display region and the opening region, wherein the first barrier wall surrounds the opening region and comprises a first metal layer structure, and a recess is formed on at least one side surface, surrounding the opening region, of the first metal layer structure. 18. The preparation method according to claim 17, wherein the opening region is formed by laser cutting or mechanical punching. 19. The preparation method of claim 17, wherein forming the display region comprises:
forming an electrode pattern when forming the first metal layer structure, wherein the electrode pattern comprises a second metal layer structure, and the first metal layer structure and the second metal layer structure are formed using a same layer. 20. The preparation method of claim 19, wherein forming the first barrier wall comprises:
forming a first metal material layer on a first side of a base substrate, and forming a second metal material layer on a side of the first metal material layer away from the base substrate; performing a first etching process on the first metal material layer and the second metal material layer to form the electrode pattern and an initial barrier wall; and performing a second etching process on the initial barrier wall to form the first barrier wall, wherein a wet etching method is adopted in the second etching process, and an etching rate produced by an etching solution used in the second etching process on the first metal material layer is larger than an etching rate produced by the etching solution on the second metal material layer, so that the recess is formed. 21. The preparation method of claim 19, wherein forming the first barrier wall comprises:
sequentially forming a third metal material layer, a first metal material layer and a second metal material layer on a first side of a base substrate; performing a first etching process on the third metal material layer, the first metal material layer and the second metal material layer to form the electrode pattern and an initial barrier wall; and performing a second etching process on the initial barrier wall to form the first barrier wall, wherein a wet etching method is adopted in the second etching process, and an etching rate produced by an etching solution used in the second etching process on the first metal material layer is larger than an etching rate produced by the etching solution on the second metal material layer and is larger than an etching rate produced by the etching solution on the third metal material layer, so that the recess is formed. 22. The preparation method according to claim 20, wherein the first etching process adopts a dry etching method. 23. The preparation method according to claim 20 or 21, wherein forming the display region further comprises:
forming a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and an organic functional layer between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer,
wherein the first electrode layer, the second electrode layer, and the organic functional layer are configured to form a light emitting device,
the etching solution used in the second etching process is same as an etching solution used for etching to form the first electrode layer, and the organic functional layer is disconnected at the side surface, comprising the recess, of the first barrier wall. 24. The preparation method of claim 19, wherein forming the first barrier wall comprises:
forming a first metal material layer on a first side of a base substrate; forming a second metal material layer on a side of the first metal material layer away from the base substrate; and performing one wet etching process on the first metal material layer and the second metal material layer, wherein an etching rate produced by an etching solution used in the wet etching process on the first metal material layer is larger than an etching rate produced by the etching solution on the second metal material layer. 25. (canceled) 26. A display device, comprising the display substrate according to claim 1. | A display substrate and a preparation method thereof, and a display device are provided. The display substrate includes a display region and an opening region, the display region surrounds the opening region, a first barrier wall is between the display region and the opening region, and the first barrier wall surrounds the opening region; the first barrier wall includes a first metal layer structure, and at least one side surface, surrounding the opening region, of the first metal layer structure includes a recess.1. A display substrate, comprising a display region and an opening region, the display region surrounding the opening region,
wherein a first barrier wall is between the display region and the opening region, and the first barrier wall surrounds the opening region; the first barrier wall comprises a first metal layer structure, and at least one side surface, surrounding the opening region, of the first metal layer structure comprises a recess. 2. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein the display region comprises an electrode pattern,
the electrode pattern comprises a second metal layer structure, the first metal layer structure and the second metal layer structure have a same structure and comprise a same material. 3. The display substrate according to claim 1, further comprising a base substrate,
wherein the first metal layer structure comprises: a first metal sub-layer on a first side of the base substrate, and a second metal sub-layer on a side of the first metal sub-layer away from the base substrate,
wherein an orthographic projection of the first metal sub-layer on the base substrate is within an orthographic projection of the second metal sub-layer on the base substrate, so as to form the recess. 4. The display substrate according to claim 3, wherein the first metal layer structure further comprises a third metal sub-layer on the first side of the base substrate,
the first metal sub-layer is on a side of the third metal sub-layer away from the base substrate, and the orthographic projection of the first metal sub-layer on the base substrate is within an orthographic projection of the third metal sub-layer on the base substrate; and the orthographic projection of the second metal sub-layer on the base substrate is within the orthographic projection of the third metal sub-layer on the base substrate. 5. (canceled) 6. The display substrate according to claim 4, wherein a thickness of the first metal sub-layer is larger than a thickness of the second metal sub-layer and is larger than a thickness of the third metal sub-layer; and
the thickness of the first metal sub-layer ranges from 150 nm to 900 nm, the thickness of the second metal sub-layer ranges from 30 nm to 300 nm, and the thickness of the third metal sub-layer ranges from 30 nm to 300 nm. 7. (canceled) 8. The display substrate according to claim 3, wherein an indentation direction of the recess is parallel to the base substrate. 9. The display substrate according to claim 1, further comprising a second barrier wall that is between the display region and the opening region,
wherein the second barrier wall surrounds the opening region, has a same structure as the first barrier wall, and is arranged on a side of the first barrier wall away from the opening region. 10. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein the display region further comprises a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and an organic functional layer between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer,
the first electrode layer, the second electrode layer, and the organic functional layer are configured to form a light emitting device; and the organic functional layer is disconnected at the side surface, comprising the recess, of the first barrier wall; the second, electrode layer is a cathode layer, and the cathode layer is disconnected at the side surface, comprising the recess, of the first barrier wall. 11. (canceled) 12. The display substrate according to claim 3, further comprising a sensor,
wherein the sensor is connected to the base substrate, and an orthographic projection of the sensor on the base substrate at least partially overlaps with the opening region. 13. The display substrate according to claim 3, wherein under action of an etching solution for etching to form the first metal layer structure, an etching rate of a material of the first metal sub-layer is larger than an etching rate of a material of the second metal sub-layer;
the material of the first metal sub-layer comprises aluminum or cooper; and the material of the second metal sub-layer comprises titanium or molybdenum. 14. (canceled) 15. The display substrate according to claim 3, wherein the first barrier wall further comprises an insulation layer structure,
the insulation layer structure is on the first side of the base substrate, and the first metal layer structure is on a side of the insulation layer structure away from the base substrate; and the insulation layer structure comprises a plurality of insulation sub-layers. 16. (canceled) 17. A preparation method of a display substrate, comprising:
forming a display region and an opening region, wherein the display region surrounds the opening region, and forming a first barrier wall between the display region and the opening region, wherein the first barrier wall surrounds the opening region and comprises a first metal layer structure, and a recess is formed on at least one side surface, surrounding the opening region, of the first metal layer structure. 18. The preparation method according to claim 17, wherein the opening region is formed by laser cutting or mechanical punching. 19. The preparation method of claim 17, wherein forming the display region comprises:
forming an electrode pattern when forming the first metal layer structure, wherein the electrode pattern comprises a second metal layer structure, and the first metal layer structure and the second metal layer structure are formed using a same layer. 20. The preparation method of claim 19, wherein forming the first barrier wall comprises:
forming a first metal material layer on a first side of a base substrate, and forming a second metal material layer on a side of the first metal material layer away from the base substrate; performing a first etching process on the first metal material layer and the second metal material layer to form the electrode pattern and an initial barrier wall; and performing a second etching process on the initial barrier wall to form the first barrier wall, wherein a wet etching method is adopted in the second etching process, and an etching rate produced by an etching solution used in the second etching process on the first metal material layer is larger than an etching rate produced by the etching solution on the second metal material layer, so that the recess is formed. 21. The preparation method of claim 19, wherein forming the first barrier wall comprises:
sequentially forming a third metal material layer, a first metal material layer and a second metal material layer on a first side of a base substrate; performing a first etching process on the third metal material layer, the first metal material layer and the second metal material layer to form the electrode pattern and an initial barrier wall; and performing a second etching process on the initial barrier wall to form the first barrier wall, wherein a wet etching method is adopted in the second etching process, and an etching rate produced by an etching solution used in the second etching process on the first metal material layer is larger than an etching rate produced by the etching solution on the second metal material layer and is larger than an etching rate produced by the etching solution on the third metal material layer, so that the recess is formed. 22. The preparation method according to claim 20, wherein the first etching process adopts a dry etching method. 23. The preparation method according to claim 20 or 21, wherein forming the display region further comprises:
forming a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and an organic functional layer between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer,
wherein the first electrode layer, the second electrode layer, and the organic functional layer are configured to form a light emitting device,
the etching solution used in the second etching process is same as an etching solution used for etching to form the first electrode layer, and the organic functional layer is disconnected at the side surface, comprising the recess, of the first barrier wall. 24. The preparation method of claim 19, wherein forming the first barrier wall comprises:
forming a first metal material layer on a first side of a base substrate; forming a second metal material layer on a side of the first metal material layer away from the base substrate; and performing one wet etching process on the first metal material layer and the second metal material layer, wherein an etching rate produced by an etching solution used in the wet etching process on the first metal material layer is larger than an etching rate produced by the etching solution on the second metal material layer. 25. (canceled) 26. A display device, comprising the display substrate according to claim 1. | 1,600 |
340,623 | 16,642,064 | 1,612 | Provided are an interruption recovery method for a machine tool machining file and a machine tool applying the method. The interruption recovery method includes: generating first check information when a machine tool machining file is executed, the machine tool machining file being stored in an external memory; generating second check information when the machine tool machining file is re-executed after an interruption occurs; comparing the first check information and the second check information to determine whether the machine tool machining file is changed before and after the interruption; and recovering the execution of the machine tool machining file when the first check information matches the second check information. By generating and comparing the check information before and after the interruption to verify the integrity and consistency of data of the machine tool machining file, the machine tool machining can be carried out accurately and unerringly. | 1. An interruption recovery method for a machine tool machining file, comprising:
generating first check information when a machine tool machining file is executed, the machine tool machining file being stored in an external memory with respect to a machine tool; generating second check information when the machine tool machining file is re-executed after an interruption occurs; comparing the first check information generated and the second check information generated to determine whether the machine tool machining file changes before and after occurrence of the interruption; and recovering execution of the machine tool machining file upon the comparing indicating that the first check information generated matches the second check information generated. 2. The interruption recovery method of claim 1, wherein alarm information is issued upon the comparing indicating that the first check information generated does not match the second check information generated. 3. The interruption recovery method claim 1, wherein between the generating of the first check information and the generating of the second check information, further comprising:
recording and storing an interruption position of the machine tool machining file, wherein step the recovering further comprises: executing a subsequent machine tool machining file from the interruption position stored and recorded. 4. The interruption recovery method of claim 3, wherein the interruption position of the machine tool machining file is determined according to a code offset of a program in the machine tool machining file. 5. The interruption recovery method of claim 3, wherein the machine tool machining file is divided into at least two program segments in order from beginning to end, and a same segmentation mode is used before and after the interruption; and wherein
the first check information refers to a first check code generated for all program segments of the machine tool machining file before the interruption; the second check information refers to a second check code generated for all or part of the program segments of the machine tool machining file after the interruption; the first check code is compared with the second check code to determine whether the program segment after the interruption position of the machine tool machining file changes before and after the interruption; and the subsequent machine tool machining file is executed from the interruption position when the comparing indicates that the first check code matches the second check code. 6. The interruption recovery method of claim 5, wherein the first check code is compared with the second check code sequentially backward from the interruption position. 7. The interruption recovery method of claim 5, wherein the second check code is generated for the program segment in which the interruption position is located and wherein the second check code is generated for all the subsequent program segments of the machine tool machining file after the interruption. 8. The interruption recovery method of claim 7, wherein the first check code is compared with the second check code in a reverse cyclic order. 9. The interruption recovery method of claim 1, wherein
the first check information comprises identification information about the machine tool machining file, the second check information comprises identification information about a machine tool machining file to be executed that is re-read after the interruption occurs, and the first check information is compared with the second check information to determine whether the same machine tool machining file is re-executed, the identification information including at least one of a file name and a file path. 10. The interruption recovery method of claim 1, wherein the check information is generated by using any one of a cyclic redundancy check, a hash algorithm, and an MD5 algorithm. 11. The interruption recovery method of claim 1, wherein the external memory includes at least one of a U disk, a network cloud disk, a computer, a server, and a mobile communication device. 12. A machine tool, adapted to be connected to an external memory storing a machine tool machining file, the machine tool comprising:
a control unit in data connection with the external memory, the control unit being configured to
generate first check information when the machine tool machining file is read from the external memory and executed,
generate second check information when the machine tool machining file is re-executed after an interruption occurs,
compare the first check information and the second check information to determine whether the machine tool machining file is changed before and after the interruption; and
recover execution of the machine tool machining file upon, as a result of the compare, the first check information is determined to match the second check information. 13. The machine tool of claim 12, wherein alarm information is issued upon, as a result of the compare, the first check information is determined to not match the second check information. 14. The machine tool of claim 12, wherein the control unit is further configured to record and store an interruption position of the machine tool machining file, and wherein the subsequent machine tool machining file is executed from the interruption position upon, as a result of the compare, the first check information is determined to match the second check information. 15. The machine tool of claim 14, wherein the interruption position of the machine tool machining file is determined according to a code offset of a program in the machine tool machining file. 16. The machine tool of claim 14, wherein the machine tool machining file is divided into at least two program segments in order from beginning to end, and a same segmentation mode is used before and after the interruption; and wherein
the first check information refers to a first check code generated for all the program segments of the machine tool machining file before the interruption; the second check information refers to a second check code generated for all or part of the program segments of the machine tool machining file after the interruption; the first check code is compared with the second check code to determine whether the program segment after the interruption position of the machine tool machining file changes before and after the interruption; and the subsequent machine tool machining file is executed from the interruption position when comparison of the first check code and the second check code indicates that the first check code matches the second check code. 17. The machine tool of claim 16, wherein the first check code is compared with the second check code sequentially backward from the interruption position. 18. The machine tool of claim 16, wherein the second check code is generated for the program segment in which the interruption position is located and all subsequent program segments of the machine tool machining file after the interruption. 19. The machine tool of claim 18, wherein the first check code is compared with the second check code in a reverse cyclic order. 20. The machine tool of claim 12, wherein
the first check information includes identification information about the machine tool machining file, the second check information includes identification information about a machine tool machining file to be executed that is re-read after the interruption occurs, and the first check information is compared with the second check information to determine whether a same machine tool machining file is re-executed, the identification information including at least one of a file name and a file path. 21. The machine tool of claim 12, wherein the check information is generated by using any one of a cyclic redundancy check, a hash algorithm, and an MD5 algorithm. 22. The machine tool of claim 12, wherein the external memory includes at least one of a U disk, a network cloud disk, a computer, a server, and a mobile communication device. | Provided are an interruption recovery method for a machine tool machining file and a machine tool applying the method. The interruption recovery method includes: generating first check information when a machine tool machining file is executed, the machine tool machining file being stored in an external memory; generating second check information when the machine tool machining file is re-executed after an interruption occurs; comparing the first check information and the second check information to determine whether the machine tool machining file is changed before and after the interruption; and recovering the execution of the machine tool machining file when the first check information matches the second check information. By generating and comparing the check information before and after the interruption to verify the integrity and consistency of data of the machine tool machining file, the machine tool machining can be carried out accurately and unerringly.1. An interruption recovery method for a machine tool machining file, comprising:
generating first check information when a machine tool machining file is executed, the machine tool machining file being stored in an external memory with respect to a machine tool; generating second check information when the machine tool machining file is re-executed after an interruption occurs; comparing the first check information generated and the second check information generated to determine whether the machine tool machining file changes before and after occurrence of the interruption; and recovering execution of the machine tool machining file upon the comparing indicating that the first check information generated matches the second check information generated. 2. The interruption recovery method of claim 1, wherein alarm information is issued upon the comparing indicating that the first check information generated does not match the second check information generated. 3. The interruption recovery method claim 1, wherein between the generating of the first check information and the generating of the second check information, further comprising:
recording and storing an interruption position of the machine tool machining file, wherein step the recovering further comprises: executing a subsequent machine tool machining file from the interruption position stored and recorded. 4. The interruption recovery method of claim 3, wherein the interruption position of the machine tool machining file is determined according to a code offset of a program in the machine tool machining file. 5. The interruption recovery method of claim 3, wherein the machine tool machining file is divided into at least two program segments in order from beginning to end, and a same segmentation mode is used before and after the interruption; and wherein
the first check information refers to a first check code generated for all program segments of the machine tool machining file before the interruption; the second check information refers to a second check code generated for all or part of the program segments of the machine tool machining file after the interruption; the first check code is compared with the second check code to determine whether the program segment after the interruption position of the machine tool machining file changes before and after the interruption; and the subsequent machine tool machining file is executed from the interruption position when the comparing indicates that the first check code matches the second check code. 6. The interruption recovery method of claim 5, wherein the first check code is compared with the second check code sequentially backward from the interruption position. 7. The interruption recovery method of claim 5, wherein the second check code is generated for the program segment in which the interruption position is located and wherein the second check code is generated for all the subsequent program segments of the machine tool machining file after the interruption. 8. The interruption recovery method of claim 7, wherein the first check code is compared with the second check code in a reverse cyclic order. 9. The interruption recovery method of claim 1, wherein
the first check information comprises identification information about the machine tool machining file, the second check information comprises identification information about a machine tool machining file to be executed that is re-read after the interruption occurs, and the first check information is compared with the second check information to determine whether the same machine tool machining file is re-executed, the identification information including at least one of a file name and a file path. 10. The interruption recovery method of claim 1, wherein the check information is generated by using any one of a cyclic redundancy check, a hash algorithm, and an MD5 algorithm. 11. The interruption recovery method of claim 1, wherein the external memory includes at least one of a U disk, a network cloud disk, a computer, a server, and a mobile communication device. 12. A machine tool, adapted to be connected to an external memory storing a machine tool machining file, the machine tool comprising:
a control unit in data connection with the external memory, the control unit being configured to
generate first check information when the machine tool machining file is read from the external memory and executed,
generate second check information when the machine tool machining file is re-executed after an interruption occurs,
compare the first check information and the second check information to determine whether the machine tool machining file is changed before and after the interruption; and
recover execution of the machine tool machining file upon, as a result of the compare, the first check information is determined to match the second check information. 13. The machine tool of claim 12, wherein alarm information is issued upon, as a result of the compare, the first check information is determined to not match the second check information. 14. The machine tool of claim 12, wherein the control unit is further configured to record and store an interruption position of the machine tool machining file, and wherein the subsequent machine tool machining file is executed from the interruption position upon, as a result of the compare, the first check information is determined to match the second check information. 15. The machine tool of claim 14, wherein the interruption position of the machine tool machining file is determined according to a code offset of a program in the machine tool machining file. 16. The machine tool of claim 14, wherein the machine tool machining file is divided into at least two program segments in order from beginning to end, and a same segmentation mode is used before and after the interruption; and wherein
the first check information refers to a first check code generated for all the program segments of the machine tool machining file before the interruption; the second check information refers to a second check code generated for all or part of the program segments of the machine tool machining file after the interruption; the first check code is compared with the second check code to determine whether the program segment after the interruption position of the machine tool machining file changes before and after the interruption; and the subsequent machine tool machining file is executed from the interruption position when comparison of the first check code and the second check code indicates that the first check code matches the second check code. 17. The machine tool of claim 16, wherein the first check code is compared with the second check code sequentially backward from the interruption position. 18. The machine tool of claim 16, wherein the second check code is generated for the program segment in which the interruption position is located and all subsequent program segments of the machine tool machining file after the interruption. 19. The machine tool of claim 18, wherein the first check code is compared with the second check code in a reverse cyclic order. 20. The machine tool of claim 12, wherein
the first check information includes identification information about the machine tool machining file, the second check information includes identification information about a machine tool machining file to be executed that is re-read after the interruption occurs, and the first check information is compared with the second check information to determine whether a same machine tool machining file is re-executed, the identification information including at least one of a file name and a file path. 21. The machine tool of claim 12, wherein the check information is generated by using any one of a cyclic redundancy check, a hash algorithm, and an MD5 algorithm. 22. The machine tool of claim 12, wherein the external memory includes at least one of a U disk, a network cloud disk, a computer, a server, and a mobile communication device. | 1,600 |
340,624 | 16,642,095 | 1,612 | The present disclosure provides a massive picture processing method, a massive picture processing device, an electronic apparatus and a computer readable storage medium, relating to the technical field of data processing. Said method comprises: acquiring matrixes corresponding to a plurality of channels of respective picture in massive pictures, and performing bit-based layering on respective matrixes; storing, according to an inverted index structure, picture-bit-layered data corresponding to respective channels after bit-based layering, and generating a picture-layer index record file; decoding all the picture-layer indexes of the picture according to the picture-layer index record file and synthesizing the picture according to the decoding result. | 1. A method for processing massive pictures, the method comprising:
acquiring matrixes corresponding to a plurality of channels of respective picture in massive pictures, and performing bit-based layering on respective matrixes; storing, according to an inverted index structure, picture-bit-layered data corresponding to respective channels after bit-based layering, and generating a picture-layer index record file, wherein the inverted index structure comprises a plurality of picture-layer indexes; and decoding all the picture-layer indexes of the picture according to the picture-layer index record file and synthesizing the picture according to the decoding result. 2. The method for processing massive pictures according to claim 1, wherein performing bit-based layering on respective matrixes comprising:
converting respective decimal element in the matrixes corresponding to respective channels into binary element, and performing bit-based layering on the matrixes corresponding to respective channels according to a binary bit. 3. The method for processing massive pictures according to claim 1, wherein after performing bit-based layering on respective matrixes, the method further comprises:
performing a calculation of correlation on matrixes corresponding to each layer of respective channels, and acquiring discernibility matrixes corresponding to the correlation; and performing run-length encoding on the discernibility matrixes to acquire a plurality of picture-bit-layered data corresponding to each layer of respective channels. 4. The method for processing massive pictures according to claim 1, wherein storing, according to an inverted index structure, picture-bit-layered data corresponding to respective channels after bit-based layering comprising:
calculating an index value of the picture-bit-layered data, and finding an index row matching the index value in the inverted index structure; adding a row of picture-layer index record into the inverted index structure, when the index row matching the index value is not found; and detecting whether the picture-bit-layered data completely matches with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure, when the index row matching the index value is found. 5. The method for processing massive pictures according to claim 4, wherein detecting whether the picture-bit-layered data completely matches with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure comprising:
adding a marker corresponding to a picture-layer into the inverted index structure, when it is detected that the picture-bit-layered data completely matches with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure; and recalculating the index value, when it is detected that the picture-bit-layered data does not completely match with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure. 6. The method for processing massive pictures according to claim 1, wherein decoding all the picture-layer indexes of the picture comprising:
decoding all the picture-layer indexes of the picture according to the picture-layer index record file, and finding compressed picture-bit-layered data corresponding to the picture according to the picture-layer index; performing run-length decoding on the compressed picture-bit-layered data to acquire uncompressed raw picture-bit-layered data matrixes corresponding to the picture; and performing exclusive OR operation on the raw picture-bit-layered data matrixes to acquire unlayered raw matrixes corresponding to a plurality of channels of the picture and synthesize the picture according to the raw matrixes. 7. The method for processing massive pictures according to claim 4, the method further comprising:
checking the picture generated according to the decoding result by the use of the index value. 8. (canceled) 9. A computer-readable storage medium having stored a computer program thereon, the computer program is executed by a processor to implement a method for processing massive pictures, wherein the method for processing massive pictures comprises:
acquiring matrixes corresponding to a plurality of channels of respective picture in massive pictures, and performing bit-based layering on respective matrixes; storing, according to an inverted index structure, picture-bit-layered data corresponding to respective channels after bit-based layering, and generating a picture-layer index record file, wherein the inverted index structure comprises a plurality of picture-layer indexes; and decoding all the picture-layer indexes of the picture according to the picture-layer index record file and synthesizing the picture according to the decoding result. 10. A electronic device for processing massive pictures, comprising:
a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein, the processor is configured to perform a method for processing massive pictures by executing the executable instruction, wherein the method for processing massive pictures comprises:
acquiring matrixes corresponding to a plurality of channels of respective picture in massive pictures, and performing bit-based layering on respective matrixes;
storing, according to an inverted index structure, picture-bit-layered data corresponding to respective channels after bit-based layering, and generating a picture-layer index record file, wherein the inverted index structure comprises a plurality of picture-layer indexes; and
decoding all the picture-layer indexes of the picture according to the picture-layer index record file and synthesizing the picture according to the decoding result. 11. The computer-readable storage medium according to claim 9, wherein performing bit-based layering on respective matrixes comprising:
converting respective decimal element in the matrixes corresponding to respective channels into binary element, and performing bit-based layering on the matrixes corresponding to respective channels according to a binary bit. 12. The computer-readable storage medium according to claim 9, wherein after performing bit-based layering on respective matrixes, the method further comprises:
performing a calculation of correlation on matrixes corresponding to each layer of respective channels, and acquiring discernibility matrixes corresponding to the correlation; and performing run-length encoding on the discernibility matrixes to acquire a plurality of picture-bit-layered data corresponding to each layer of respective channels. 13. The computer-readable storage medium according to claim 9, wherein storing, according to an inverted index structure, picture-bit-layered data corresponding to respective channels after bit-based layering comprising:
calculating an index value of the picture-bit-layered data, and finding an index row matching the index value in the inverted index structure; adding a row of picture-layer index record into the inverted index structure, when the index row matching the index value is not found; and detecting whether the picture-bit-layered data completely matches with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure, when the index row matching the index value is found. 14. The computer-readable storage medium according to claim 13, wherein detecting whether the picture-bit-layered data completely matches with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure comprising:
adding a marker corresponding to a picture-layer into the inverted index structure, when it is detected that the picture-bit-layered data completely matches with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure; and recalculating the index value, when it is detected that the picture-bit-layered data does not completely match with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure. 15. The computer-readable storage medium according to claim 9, wherein decoding all the picture-layer indexes of the picture comprising:
decoding all the picture-layer indexes of the picture according to the picture-layer index record file, and finding compressed picture-bit-layered data corresponding to the picture according to the picture-layer index; performing run-length decoding on the compressed picture-bit-layered data to acquire uncompressed raw picture-bit-layered data matrixes corresponding to the picture; and performing exclusive OR operation on the raw picture-bit-layered data matrixes to acquire unlayered raw matrixes corresponding to a plurality of channels of the picture and synthesize the picture according to the raw matrixes. 16. The computer-readable storage medium according to claim 13, wherein the method further comprising:
checking the picture generated according to the decoding result by the use of the index value. 17. The electronic device for processing massive pictures according to claim 10, wherein performing bit-based layering on respective matrixes comprising:
converting respective decimal element in the matrixes corresponding to respective channels into binary element, and performing bit-based layering on the matrixes corresponding to respective channels according to a binary bit. 18. The electronic device for processing massive pictures according to claim 10, wherein after performing bit-based layering on respective matrixes, the method further comprises:
performing a calculation of correlation on matrixes corresponding to each layer of respective channels, and acquiring discernibility matrixes corresponding to the correlation; and performing run-length encoding on the discernibility matrixes to acquire a plurality of picture-bit-layered data corresponding to each layer of respective channels. 19. The electronic device for processing massive pictures according to claim 10, wherein storing, according to an inverted index structure, picture-bit-layered data corresponding to respective channels after bit-based layering comprising:
calculating an index value of the picture-bit-layered data, and finding an index row matching the index value in the inverted index structure; adding a row of picture-layer index record into the inverted index structure, when the index row matching the index value is not found; and detecting whether the picture-bit-layered data completely matches with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure, when the index row matching the index value is found. 20. The electronic device for processing massive pictures according to claim 19, wherein detecting whether the picture-bit-layered data completely matches with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure comprising:
adding a marker corresponding to a picture-layer into the inverted index structure, when it is detected that the picture-bit-layered data completely matches with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure; and recalculating the index value, when it is detected that the picture-bit-layered data does not completely match with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure. 21. The electronic device for processing massive pictures according to claim 10, wherein decoding all the picture-layer indexes of the picture comprising:
decoding all the picture-layer indexes of the picture according to the picture-layer index record file, and finding compressed picture-bit-layered data corresponding to the picture according to the picture-layer index; performing run-length decoding on the compressed picture-bit-layered data to acquire uncompressed raw picture-bit-layered data matrixes corresponding to the picture; and performing exclusive OR operation on the raw picture-bit-layered data matrixes to acquire unlayered raw matrixes corresponding to a plurality of channels of the picture and synthesize the picture according to the raw matrixes. | The present disclosure provides a massive picture processing method, a massive picture processing device, an electronic apparatus and a computer readable storage medium, relating to the technical field of data processing. Said method comprises: acquiring matrixes corresponding to a plurality of channels of respective picture in massive pictures, and performing bit-based layering on respective matrixes; storing, according to an inverted index structure, picture-bit-layered data corresponding to respective channels after bit-based layering, and generating a picture-layer index record file; decoding all the picture-layer indexes of the picture according to the picture-layer index record file and synthesizing the picture according to the decoding result.1. A method for processing massive pictures, the method comprising:
acquiring matrixes corresponding to a plurality of channels of respective picture in massive pictures, and performing bit-based layering on respective matrixes; storing, according to an inverted index structure, picture-bit-layered data corresponding to respective channels after bit-based layering, and generating a picture-layer index record file, wherein the inverted index structure comprises a plurality of picture-layer indexes; and decoding all the picture-layer indexes of the picture according to the picture-layer index record file and synthesizing the picture according to the decoding result. 2. The method for processing massive pictures according to claim 1, wherein performing bit-based layering on respective matrixes comprising:
converting respective decimal element in the matrixes corresponding to respective channels into binary element, and performing bit-based layering on the matrixes corresponding to respective channels according to a binary bit. 3. The method for processing massive pictures according to claim 1, wherein after performing bit-based layering on respective matrixes, the method further comprises:
performing a calculation of correlation on matrixes corresponding to each layer of respective channels, and acquiring discernibility matrixes corresponding to the correlation; and performing run-length encoding on the discernibility matrixes to acquire a plurality of picture-bit-layered data corresponding to each layer of respective channels. 4. The method for processing massive pictures according to claim 1, wherein storing, according to an inverted index structure, picture-bit-layered data corresponding to respective channels after bit-based layering comprising:
calculating an index value of the picture-bit-layered data, and finding an index row matching the index value in the inverted index structure; adding a row of picture-layer index record into the inverted index structure, when the index row matching the index value is not found; and detecting whether the picture-bit-layered data completely matches with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure, when the index row matching the index value is found. 5. The method for processing massive pictures according to claim 4, wherein detecting whether the picture-bit-layered data completely matches with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure comprising:
adding a marker corresponding to a picture-layer into the inverted index structure, when it is detected that the picture-bit-layered data completely matches with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure; and recalculating the index value, when it is detected that the picture-bit-layered data does not completely match with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure. 6. The method for processing massive pictures according to claim 1, wherein decoding all the picture-layer indexes of the picture comprising:
decoding all the picture-layer indexes of the picture according to the picture-layer index record file, and finding compressed picture-bit-layered data corresponding to the picture according to the picture-layer index; performing run-length decoding on the compressed picture-bit-layered data to acquire uncompressed raw picture-bit-layered data matrixes corresponding to the picture; and performing exclusive OR operation on the raw picture-bit-layered data matrixes to acquire unlayered raw matrixes corresponding to a plurality of channels of the picture and synthesize the picture according to the raw matrixes. 7. The method for processing massive pictures according to claim 4, the method further comprising:
checking the picture generated according to the decoding result by the use of the index value. 8. (canceled) 9. A computer-readable storage medium having stored a computer program thereon, the computer program is executed by a processor to implement a method for processing massive pictures, wherein the method for processing massive pictures comprises:
acquiring matrixes corresponding to a plurality of channels of respective picture in massive pictures, and performing bit-based layering on respective matrixes; storing, according to an inverted index structure, picture-bit-layered data corresponding to respective channels after bit-based layering, and generating a picture-layer index record file, wherein the inverted index structure comprises a plurality of picture-layer indexes; and decoding all the picture-layer indexes of the picture according to the picture-layer index record file and synthesizing the picture according to the decoding result. 10. A electronic device for processing massive pictures, comprising:
a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein, the processor is configured to perform a method for processing massive pictures by executing the executable instruction, wherein the method for processing massive pictures comprises:
acquiring matrixes corresponding to a plurality of channels of respective picture in massive pictures, and performing bit-based layering on respective matrixes;
storing, according to an inverted index structure, picture-bit-layered data corresponding to respective channels after bit-based layering, and generating a picture-layer index record file, wherein the inverted index structure comprises a plurality of picture-layer indexes; and
decoding all the picture-layer indexes of the picture according to the picture-layer index record file and synthesizing the picture according to the decoding result. 11. The computer-readable storage medium according to claim 9, wherein performing bit-based layering on respective matrixes comprising:
converting respective decimal element in the matrixes corresponding to respective channels into binary element, and performing bit-based layering on the matrixes corresponding to respective channels according to a binary bit. 12. The computer-readable storage medium according to claim 9, wherein after performing bit-based layering on respective matrixes, the method further comprises:
performing a calculation of correlation on matrixes corresponding to each layer of respective channels, and acquiring discernibility matrixes corresponding to the correlation; and performing run-length encoding on the discernibility matrixes to acquire a plurality of picture-bit-layered data corresponding to each layer of respective channels. 13. The computer-readable storage medium according to claim 9, wherein storing, according to an inverted index structure, picture-bit-layered data corresponding to respective channels after bit-based layering comprising:
calculating an index value of the picture-bit-layered data, and finding an index row matching the index value in the inverted index structure; adding a row of picture-layer index record into the inverted index structure, when the index row matching the index value is not found; and detecting whether the picture-bit-layered data completely matches with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure, when the index row matching the index value is found. 14. The computer-readable storage medium according to claim 13, wherein detecting whether the picture-bit-layered data completely matches with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure comprising:
adding a marker corresponding to a picture-layer into the inverted index structure, when it is detected that the picture-bit-layered data completely matches with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure; and recalculating the index value, when it is detected that the picture-bit-layered data does not completely match with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure. 15. The computer-readable storage medium according to claim 9, wherein decoding all the picture-layer indexes of the picture comprising:
decoding all the picture-layer indexes of the picture according to the picture-layer index record file, and finding compressed picture-bit-layered data corresponding to the picture according to the picture-layer index; performing run-length decoding on the compressed picture-bit-layered data to acquire uncompressed raw picture-bit-layered data matrixes corresponding to the picture; and performing exclusive OR operation on the raw picture-bit-layered data matrixes to acquire unlayered raw matrixes corresponding to a plurality of channels of the picture and synthesize the picture according to the raw matrixes. 16. The computer-readable storage medium according to claim 13, wherein the method further comprising:
checking the picture generated according to the decoding result by the use of the index value. 17. The electronic device for processing massive pictures according to claim 10, wherein performing bit-based layering on respective matrixes comprising:
converting respective decimal element in the matrixes corresponding to respective channels into binary element, and performing bit-based layering on the matrixes corresponding to respective channels according to a binary bit. 18. The electronic device for processing massive pictures according to claim 10, wherein after performing bit-based layering on respective matrixes, the method further comprises:
performing a calculation of correlation on matrixes corresponding to each layer of respective channels, and acquiring discernibility matrixes corresponding to the correlation; and performing run-length encoding on the discernibility matrixes to acquire a plurality of picture-bit-layered data corresponding to each layer of respective channels. 19. The electronic device for processing massive pictures according to claim 10, wherein storing, according to an inverted index structure, picture-bit-layered data corresponding to respective channels after bit-based layering comprising:
calculating an index value of the picture-bit-layered data, and finding an index row matching the index value in the inverted index structure; adding a row of picture-layer index record into the inverted index structure, when the index row matching the index value is not found; and detecting whether the picture-bit-layered data completely matches with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure, when the index row matching the index value is found. 20. The electronic device for processing massive pictures according to claim 19, wherein detecting whether the picture-bit-layered data completely matches with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure comprising:
adding a marker corresponding to a picture-layer into the inverted index structure, when it is detected that the picture-bit-layered data completely matches with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure; and recalculating the index value, when it is detected that the picture-bit-layered data does not completely match with a picture-bit-layered data stored in the inverted index structure. 21. The electronic device for processing massive pictures according to claim 10, wherein decoding all the picture-layer indexes of the picture comprising:
decoding all the picture-layer indexes of the picture according to the picture-layer index record file, and finding compressed picture-bit-layered data corresponding to the picture according to the picture-layer index; performing run-length decoding on the compressed picture-bit-layered data to acquire uncompressed raw picture-bit-layered data matrixes corresponding to the picture; and performing exclusive OR operation on the raw picture-bit-layered data matrixes to acquire unlayered raw matrixes corresponding to a plurality of channels of the picture and synthesize the picture according to the raw matrixes. | 1,600 |
340,625 | 16,642,101 | 1,612 | The invention proposes an actuator for a component of a land motor vehicle, of the type including an actuator casing (12) which is produced by injection molding of thermoplastic polymer material and which delimits an internal volume in which are arranged: | 1. An actuator for a component of a land motor vehicle, of the type including an actuator casing (12) which is produced by injection molding of thermoplastic polymer material and which delimits an internal volume in which are arranged:
at least one electric motor (16) having a drive shaft (20) on which is mounted an output pinion (22) secured in rotation to the drive shaft, the drive shaft having an axis of rotation (A1), and an internal mechanical transmission (18) comprising at least a first gear wheel (24), which has an axis of rotation (A2) perpendicular to the axis of rotation (A1) of the drive shaft (20), and which is meshed with the output pinion (22) of the electric motor (16) to transmit a movement of the output pinion (22) of the electric motor (16) to an output member (26) of the actuator (10), characterized in that the first gear wheel (24) has a toothing (28), called axial toothing, which is formed of gear teeth having a bottom-top extension according to the direction of the axis of rotation (A2) of the first gear wheel (24), and which meshes with the output pinion (22) of the electric motor (16), and in that the first gear wheel (24) is guided in rotation in the casing (12) with a translational laxity according to the direction of its axis of rotation (A2), and in that the actuator (10) includes at least one elastic pressing means (32, 36, 38, 40, 50, 44′, 48′) which urges the first gear wheel (24) according to the direction of its axis of rotation (A2) and which presses the axial toothing (28) of the first gear wheel (24) against the output pinion (22) of the electric motor (16). 2. The actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic pressing means includes an elastic member (32, 36, 38, 40, 50). 3. The actuator according to claim 2, characterized in that the elastic pressing means is a pressing means whose elastic member (32, 36, 38, 40) delivers an axial return force, directed according to the direction of the axis of rotation (A2) of the first gear wheel (24). 4. The actuator according to claim 3, characterized in that the elastic member (32) is independent of the casing (12) and interposed between the casing (12) and the first gear wheel (24). 5. The actuator according to claim 4, characterized in that the elastic member (32) is a wired spring. 6. The actuator according to claim 5, characterized in that the elastic member is a tension or compression helically-wired spring. 7. The actuator according to claim 3, characterized in that the axial toothing (28) is comprised in an annular area of the first gear wheel (24) which extends, with respect to the axis of rotation (A2) of the first gear wheel (24), between an internal diameter (Dint) and an external diameter (Dext), and in that the elastic member (32) is bearing against the first gear wheel (24) in a central bearing area comprised inside the internal diameter (Dint). 8. The actuator according to claim 7, characterized in that the central bearing area is comprised inside a central diameter less than half the internal diameter (Dint). 9. The actuator according to claim 3, characterized in that the elastic member is bearing against the first gear wheel with the interposition of at least one intermediate part. 10. The actuator according to claim 2, characterized in that the actuator (10) includes a second gear wheel (42′):
which is coaxial (A2) with the first gear wheel (24);
which has a helical cylindrical toothing (44′) formed of gear teeth having a bottom-top extension according to directions perpendicular to the direction of the axis of rotation (A2) of the first gear wheel and having a lateral extension along helical lines wound at a helix angle about the axis of rotation (A2) of the first gear wheel;
which meshes with a third gear wheel (46′) with helical cylindrical toothing (48′);
in that the first (24) and second (42′) gear wheels are secured to each other in rotation about their common axis (A2) and in translation along their common axis (A2);
in that the first (24), second (42′) and third (46′) gear wheels belong to a gear cascade,
and in that the elastic member (50) of the pressing means delivers an angular return force to at least one wheel of said gear cascade about the axis of said gear wheel to which the angular return force is applied, the direction of the return force and the direction of the helix angle of the toothing (42′) of the second gear wheel being chosen so that the angular return force generates, on the first gear wheel (24), an axial pressing force towards the output pinion (22) of the electric motor (16). 11. The actuator according to claim 10, characterized in that the angularly acting elastic member (50) is a wired spring. 12. The actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric motor (16) and the first gear wheel (24) are each connected and positioned independently with respect to the casing (12) of the actuator (10). | The invention proposes an actuator for a component of a land motor vehicle, of the type including an actuator casing (12) which is produced by injection molding of thermoplastic polymer material and which delimits an internal volume in which are arranged:1. An actuator for a component of a land motor vehicle, of the type including an actuator casing (12) which is produced by injection molding of thermoplastic polymer material and which delimits an internal volume in which are arranged:
at least one electric motor (16) having a drive shaft (20) on which is mounted an output pinion (22) secured in rotation to the drive shaft, the drive shaft having an axis of rotation (A1), and an internal mechanical transmission (18) comprising at least a first gear wheel (24), which has an axis of rotation (A2) perpendicular to the axis of rotation (A1) of the drive shaft (20), and which is meshed with the output pinion (22) of the electric motor (16) to transmit a movement of the output pinion (22) of the electric motor (16) to an output member (26) of the actuator (10), characterized in that the first gear wheel (24) has a toothing (28), called axial toothing, which is formed of gear teeth having a bottom-top extension according to the direction of the axis of rotation (A2) of the first gear wheel (24), and which meshes with the output pinion (22) of the electric motor (16), and in that the first gear wheel (24) is guided in rotation in the casing (12) with a translational laxity according to the direction of its axis of rotation (A2), and in that the actuator (10) includes at least one elastic pressing means (32, 36, 38, 40, 50, 44′, 48′) which urges the first gear wheel (24) according to the direction of its axis of rotation (A2) and which presses the axial toothing (28) of the first gear wheel (24) against the output pinion (22) of the electric motor (16). 2. The actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic pressing means includes an elastic member (32, 36, 38, 40, 50). 3. The actuator according to claim 2, characterized in that the elastic pressing means is a pressing means whose elastic member (32, 36, 38, 40) delivers an axial return force, directed according to the direction of the axis of rotation (A2) of the first gear wheel (24). 4. The actuator according to claim 3, characterized in that the elastic member (32) is independent of the casing (12) and interposed between the casing (12) and the first gear wheel (24). 5. The actuator according to claim 4, characterized in that the elastic member (32) is a wired spring. 6. The actuator according to claim 5, characterized in that the elastic member is a tension or compression helically-wired spring. 7. The actuator according to claim 3, characterized in that the axial toothing (28) is comprised in an annular area of the first gear wheel (24) which extends, with respect to the axis of rotation (A2) of the first gear wheel (24), between an internal diameter (Dint) and an external diameter (Dext), and in that the elastic member (32) is bearing against the first gear wheel (24) in a central bearing area comprised inside the internal diameter (Dint). 8. The actuator according to claim 7, characterized in that the central bearing area is comprised inside a central diameter less than half the internal diameter (Dint). 9. The actuator according to claim 3, characterized in that the elastic member is bearing against the first gear wheel with the interposition of at least one intermediate part. 10. The actuator according to claim 2, characterized in that the actuator (10) includes a second gear wheel (42′):
which is coaxial (A2) with the first gear wheel (24);
which has a helical cylindrical toothing (44′) formed of gear teeth having a bottom-top extension according to directions perpendicular to the direction of the axis of rotation (A2) of the first gear wheel and having a lateral extension along helical lines wound at a helix angle about the axis of rotation (A2) of the first gear wheel;
which meshes with a third gear wheel (46′) with helical cylindrical toothing (48′);
in that the first (24) and second (42′) gear wheels are secured to each other in rotation about their common axis (A2) and in translation along their common axis (A2);
in that the first (24), second (42′) and third (46′) gear wheels belong to a gear cascade,
and in that the elastic member (50) of the pressing means delivers an angular return force to at least one wheel of said gear cascade about the axis of said gear wheel to which the angular return force is applied, the direction of the return force and the direction of the helix angle of the toothing (42′) of the second gear wheel being chosen so that the angular return force generates, on the first gear wheel (24), an axial pressing force towards the output pinion (22) of the electric motor (16). 11. The actuator according to claim 10, characterized in that the angularly acting elastic member (50) is a wired spring. 12. The actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric motor (16) and the first gear wheel (24) are each connected and positioned independently with respect to the casing (12) of the actuator (10). | 1,600 |
340,626 | 16,642,094 | 2,199 | An information processing apparatus is provided, the information processing apparatus including a processing unit that executes a virtual machine, in which the virtual machine operates a program with a stack machine, the virtual machine secures a first operation area where a first program operates, in a storage area allocated in a storage medium, and, when a second program different from the first program is called from the first program, the virtual machine secures a second operation area where the second program operates, in the storage area. | 1. An information processing apparatus comprising
a processing unit that executes a virtual machine, wherein the virtual machine operates a program with a stack machine, the virtual machine secures a first operation area where a first program operates, in a storage area allocated in a storage medium, and when a second program different from the first program is called from the first program, the virtual machine secures a second operation area where the second program operates, in the storage area. 2. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, when terminating the execution of the called second program and executing the calling source first program, the virtual machine releases the second operation area. 3. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the virtual machine transfers data between the first program and the second program via a first buffer provided in the first operation area and a second buffer provided in the second operation area. 4. The information processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the virtual machine shares data of the first program in the second program by referring to the first buffer from the second buffer. 5. The information processing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the virtual machine shares data of the first program in the second program by referring to a part of the first buffer from the second buffer. 6. The information processing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein
the second buffer includes an external buffer of the first buffer linked to the first buffer, and the virtual machine shares data of the first program in the second program by referring to the first buffer from the external buffer. 7. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the virtual machine is implemented in a native code executed by a processor, the virtual machine secures a cooperation area for cooperation between a program and the native code in the storage area, and the virtual machine performs data transfer between the program and the native code via the cooperation area. 8. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the information processing apparatus includes an integrated circuit (IC) card. 9. An information processing method executed by an information processing apparatus, the information processing method comprising
a step of executing a virtual machine, wherein the virtual machine operates a program with a stack machine, the virtual machine secures a first operation area where a first program operates, in a storage area allocated in a storage medium, and when a second program different from the first program is called from the first program, the virtual machine secures a second operation area where the second program operates, in the storage area. | An information processing apparatus is provided, the information processing apparatus including a processing unit that executes a virtual machine, in which the virtual machine operates a program with a stack machine, the virtual machine secures a first operation area where a first program operates, in a storage area allocated in a storage medium, and, when a second program different from the first program is called from the first program, the virtual machine secures a second operation area where the second program operates, in the storage area.1. An information processing apparatus comprising
a processing unit that executes a virtual machine, wherein the virtual machine operates a program with a stack machine, the virtual machine secures a first operation area where a first program operates, in a storage area allocated in a storage medium, and when a second program different from the first program is called from the first program, the virtual machine secures a second operation area where the second program operates, in the storage area. 2. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, when terminating the execution of the called second program and executing the calling source first program, the virtual machine releases the second operation area. 3. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the virtual machine transfers data between the first program and the second program via a first buffer provided in the first operation area and a second buffer provided in the second operation area. 4. The information processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the virtual machine shares data of the first program in the second program by referring to the first buffer from the second buffer. 5. The information processing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the virtual machine shares data of the first program in the second program by referring to a part of the first buffer from the second buffer. 6. The information processing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein
the second buffer includes an external buffer of the first buffer linked to the first buffer, and the virtual machine shares data of the first program in the second program by referring to the first buffer from the external buffer. 7. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the virtual machine is implemented in a native code executed by a processor, the virtual machine secures a cooperation area for cooperation between a program and the native code in the storage area, and the virtual machine performs data transfer between the program and the native code via the cooperation area. 8. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the information processing apparatus includes an integrated circuit (IC) card. 9. An information processing method executed by an information processing apparatus, the information processing method comprising
a step of executing a virtual machine, wherein the virtual machine operates a program with a stack machine, the virtual machine secures a first operation area where a first program operates, in a storage area allocated in a storage medium, and when a second program different from the first program is called from the first program, the virtual machine secures a second operation area where the second program operates, in the storage area. | 2,100 |
340,627 | 16,642,047 | 2,199 | A vehicle has an engine (1) as a driving source. Output rotation of the engine (1) is transmitted to driving wheels (7) through a torque converter (2) equipped with a lock-up clutch, a first gear train (3), a transmission (4) formed by combination of a variator (20) and an auxiliary transmission (30), a second gear train (5) and a final speed reduction device (6). The second gear train (5) is provided with a parking mechanism (8) that mechanically locks an output shaft of the transmission (4) so that the output shaft of the transmission (4) cannot rotate during parking of the vehicle. A shift speed when down-shift is performed by the variator (20) during a torque-down request to the engine (1) is set to be slower than a shift speed when down-shift is performed by the variator (20) during a non-torque-down request. | 1.-3. (canceled) 4. A control device of a continuously variable transmission, the continuously variable transmission including a variator provided between an engine and driving wheels and being able to continuously vary a transmission ratio and an auxiliary transmission connected to the variator in series and having, forward speeds, 1st speed and 2nd speed whose transmission ratio is smaller than that of the 1st speed, the control device comprising:
a controller configured to when performing up-shift of the auxiliary transmission from the 1st speed to the 2nd speed, output a torque-down request to the engine, when a driver depresses an accelerator pedal before an inertia phase of the auxiliary transmission starts during the torque-down request, cancel the up-shift, and start down-shift of the variator, and set a shift speed of the down-shift of the variator during the torque-down request to be slower than a shift speed of the down-shift of the variator during a non-torque-down request. 5. A method of controlling a continuously variable transmission, the continuously variable transmission including a variator provided between an engine and driving wheels and being able to continuously vary a transmission ratio and an auxiliary transmission connected to the variator in series and having, forward speeds, 1st speed and 2nd speed whose transmission ratio is smaller than that of the 1st speed, the method comprising:
when performing up-shift of the auxiliary transmission from the 1st speed to the 2nd speed, outputting a torque-down request to the engine; when a driver depresses an accelerator pedal before an inertia phase of the auxiliary transmission starts during the torque-down request, cancelling the up-shift, and starting down-shift of the variator; and setting a shift speed of the down-shift of the variator during the torque-down request to be slower than a shift speed of the down-shift of the variator during a non-torque-down request. | A vehicle has an engine (1) as a driving source. Output rotation of the engine (1) is transmitted to driving wheels (7) through a torque converter (2) equipped with a lock-up clutch, a first gear train (3), a transmission (4) formed by combination of a variator (20) and an auxiliary transmission (30), a second gear train (5) and a final speed reduction device (6). The second gear train (5) is provided with a parking mechanism (8) that mechanically locks an output shaft of the transmission (4) so that the output shaft of the transmission (4) cannot rotate during parking of the vehicle. A shift speed when down-shift is performed by the variator (20) during a torque-down request to the engine (1) is set to be slower than a shift speed when down-shift is performed by the variator (20) during a non-torque-down request.1.-3. (canceled) 4. A control device of a continuously variable transmission, the continuously variable transmission including a variator provided between an engine and driving wheels and being able to continuously vary a transmission ratio and an auxiliary transmission connected to the variator in series and having, forward speeds, 1st speed and 2nd speed whose transmission ratio is smaller than that of the 1st speed, the control device comprising:
a controller configured to when performing up-shift of the auxiliary transmission from the 1st speed to the 2nd speed, output a torque-down request to the engine, when a driver depresses an accelerator pedal before an inertia phase of the auxiliary transmission starts during the torque-down request, cancel the up-shift, and start down-shift of the variator, and set a shift speed of the down-shift of the variator during the torque-down request to be slower than a shift speed of the down-shift of the variator during a non-torque-down request. 5. A method of controlling a continuously variable transmission, the continuously variable transmission including a variator provided between an engine and driving wheels and being able to continuously vary a transmission ratio and an auxiliary transmission connected to the variator in series and having, forward speeds, 1st speed and 2nd speed whose transmission ratio is smaller than that of the 1st speed, the method comprising:
when performing up-shift of the auxiliary transmission from the 1st speed to the 2nd speed, outputting a torque-down request to the engine; when a driver depresses an accelerator pedal before an inertia phase of the auxiliary transmission starts during the torque-down request, cancelling the up-shift, and starting down-shift of the variator; and setting a shift speed of the down-shift of the variator during the torque-down request to be slower than a shift speed of the down-shift of the variator during a non-torque-down request. | 2,100 |
340,628 | 16,642,107 | 2,199 | wherein R2 represents a linear C7-C13 alkyl group; and relates to a base oil composition comprising the base oil. | 1. A lubricating base oil for a fluid bearing, the lubricating base oil comprising a compound represented by general formula (1): 2. The lubricating base oil for a fluid bearing according to claim 1, wherein R1 in general formula (1) is a linear C8-C11 alkyl group, and R2 in general formula (2) is a linear C8-C11 alkyl group. 3. The lubricating base oil for a fluid bearing according to claim 1, wherein R1 in general formula (1) and R2 in general formula (2) are the same linear alkyl group. 4. The lubricating base oil for a fluid bearing according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the compound represented by general formula (1) to the compound represented by general formula (2) is 20:80 to 70:30. 5. The lubricating base oil for a fluid bearing according to claim 1, wherein the total amount of the compound represented by general formula (1) and the compound represented by general formula (2) in the lubricating base oil for a fluid bearing is 90 wt % or more. 6. The lubricating base oil for a fluid bearing according to claim 1, wherein the lubricating base oil for a fluid bearing is a lubricating base oil for a fluid dynamic bearing or a lubricating base oil for an oil-impregnated sintered bearing. 7. A lubricating oil composition for a fluid bearing, the composition comprising the lubricating base oil for a fluid bearing according to claim 1. 8. The lubricating oil composition for a fluid bearing according to claim 7, further comprising an antioxidant. 9. A fluid bearing comprising the lubricating oil composition for a fluid bearing according to claim 7. 10. A spindle motor comprising the fluid bearing according to claim 9. 11. A method for producing a mixture comprising a compound represented by general formula (1): | wherein R2 represents a linear C7-C13 alkyl group; and relates to a base oil composition comprising the base oil.1. A lubricating base oil for a fluid bearing, the lubricating base oil comprising a compound represented by general formula (1): 2. The lubricating base oil for a fluid bearing according to claim 1, wherein R1 in general formula (1) is a linear C8-C11 alkyl group, and R2 in general formula (2) is a linear C8-C11 alkyl group. 3. The lubricating base oil for a fluid bearing according to claim 1, wherein R1 in general formula (1) and R2 in general formula (2) are the same linear alkyl group. 4. The lubricating base oil for a fluid bearing according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the compound represented by general formula (1) to the compound represented by general formula (2) is 20:80 to 70:30. 5. The lubricating base oil for a fluid bearing according to claim 1, wherein the total amount of the compound represented by general formula (1) and the compound represented by general formula (2) in the lubricating base oil for a fluid bearing is 90 wt % or more. 6. The lubricating base oil for a fluid bearing according to claim 1, wherein the lubricating base oil for a fluid bearing is a lubricating base oil for a fluid dynamic bearing or a lubricating base oil for an oil-impregnated sintered bearing. 7. A lubricating oil composition for a fluid bearing, the composition comprising the lubricating base oil for a fluid bearing according to claim 1. 8. The lubricating oil composition for a fluid bearing according to claim 7, further comprising an antioxidant. 9. A fluid bearing comprising the lubricating oil composition for a fluid bearing according to claim 7. 10. A spindle motor comprising the fluid bearing according to claim 9. 11. A method for producing a mixture comprising a compound represented by general formula (1): | 2,100 |
340,629 | 16,642,084 | 2,199 | A storage system includes shelves each with a nozzle to supply clean gas into containers, flow amount controllers to control a supply amount of clean gas to a nozzle, a transport apparatus to transfer the containers to and from the shelves, and a controller to control the transport apparatus and the flow amount controllers. The controller makes an assignment of at least one shelf in preparation to store an incoming container and before the occurrence of the incoming container, and controls a flow amount controlling device to supply clean gas to the nozzle in the at least one shelf, based upon the assignment. | 1-5. (canceled) 6. A storage system comprising:
a plurality of shelves each includes at least one nozzle to supply clean gas into containers; a plurality of flow amount controllers to respectively control a supply amount of the clean gas to the at least one nozzle; at least one transport apparatus to transfer the containers to and from the shelves; and a controller to control the at least one transport apparatus and the flow amount controllers; wherein the controller is configured or programmed to: make an assignment of at least one shelf in preparation to store an incoming container and before the occurrence of the incoming container; and control one of the flow amount controllers to supply the clean gas to the at least one nozzle in the at least one shelf, based upon the assignment. 7. The storage system according to claim 6, wherein
the storage system is a purge stocker and includes an entrance and dispatch port; the at least one transport apparatus transports the containers between the entrance and dispatch port and the shelves; and the controller is further configured or programmed to make the assignment of the at least one shelf in advance, before the incoming container arrives at the entrance and dispatch port. 8. The storage system according to claim 6, wherein the controller is further configured or programmed to control the one of the flow amount controllers to intermittently supply the clean gas to the at least one nozzle in the at least one shelf. 9. The storage system according to claim 6, wherein
the at least one transport apparatus is provided with a transfer device entering into and unloading the incoming container on the shelves; and the controller is further configured or programmed to control the one of the flow amount controllers to supply a larger flow amount of the clean gas to the at least one nozzle, from when the transfer device starts advancement towards the at least one shelf and until completing unloading of the incoming container, than an amount before the transfer device starts advancement. 10. A purge method in a storage system including a plurality of shelves each including at least one nozzle to supply clean gas into containers, a plurality of flow amount controllers to control a supply amount of the clean gas to the at least one nozzle, at least one transport apparatus to transfer the containers to and from the shelves, and a controller to control the at least one transport apparatus and the flow amount controllers, the method comprising:
making an assignment of at least one shelf in preparation to store an incoming container and before the occurrence of the incoming container, by the controller; and supplying the clean gas to the at least one nozzle in the at least one shelf, based upon the assignment. | A storage system includes shelves each with a nozzle to supply clean gas into containers, flow amount controllers to control a supply amount of clean gas to a nozzle, a transport apparatus to transfer the containers to and from the shelves, and a controller to control the transport apparatus and the flow amount controllers. The controller makes an assignment of at least one shelf in preparation to store an incoming container and before the occurrence of the incoming container, and controls a flow amount controlling device to supply clean gas to the nozzle in the at least one shelf, based upon the assignment.1-5. (canceled) 6. A storage system comprising:
a plurality of shelves each includes at least one nozzle to supply clean gas into containers; a plurality of flow amount controllers to respectively control a supply amount of the clean gas to the at least one nozzle; at least one transport apparatus to transfer the containers to and from the shelves; and a controller to control the at least one transport apparatus and the flow amount controllers; wherein the controller is configured or programmed to: make an assignment of at least one shelf in preparation to store an incoming container and before the occurrence of the incoming container; and control one of the flow amount controllers to supply the clean gas to the at least one nozzle in the at least one shelf, based upon the assignment. 7. The storage system according to claim 6, wherein
the storage system is a purge stocker and includes an entrance and dispatch port; the at least one transport apparatus transports the containers between the entrance and dispatch port and the shelves; and the controller is further configured or programmed to make the assignment of the at least one shelf in advance, before the incoming container arrives at the entrance and dispatch port. 8. The storage system according to claim 6, wherein the controller is further configured or programmed to control the one of the flow amount controllers to intermittently supply the clean gas to the at least one nozzle in the at least one shelf. 9. The storage system according to claim 6, wherein
the at least one transport apparatus is provided with a transfer device entering into and unloading the incoming container on the shelves; and the controller is further configured or programmed to control the one of the flow amount controllers to supply a larger flow amount of the clean gas to the at least one nozzle, from when the transfer device starts advancement towards the at least one shelf and until completing unloading of the incoming container, than an amount before the transfer device starts advancement. 10. A purge method in a storage system including a plurality of shelves each including at least one nozzle to supply clean gas into containers, a plurality of flow amount controllers to control a supply amount of the clean gas to the at least one nozzle, at least one transport apparatus to transfer the containers to and from the shelves, and a controller to control the at least one transport apparatus and the flow amount controllers, the method comprising:
making an assignment of at least one shelf in preparation to store an incoming container and before the occurrence of the incoming container, by the controller; and supplying the clean gas to the at least one nozzle in the at least one shelf, based upon the assignment. | 2,100 |
340,630 | 16,642,089 | 2,199 | A high temperature (HT) gate driver for Silicon Carbide metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (SiC MOSFET) uses commercial off-the-shelf COTS discrete components, and has an integrated short-circuit or overcurrent protection circuit and under voltage lock out (UVLO) protection circuit. | 1. A high temperature (HT) gate driver for silicon carbide metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (SiC MOSFET), comprising:
an overcurrent protection circuit, wherein the overcurrent protection circuit comprises
an amplifier circuit, wherein the amplifier circuit produces amplified on-state drain-source voltage for monitoring,
a first diode, wherein the first diode is of high voltage, and wherein the amplified on-state drain-source voltage is monitored through the first diode,
a second diode,
an emitter resistor,
a first high temperature (HT) transistor, wherein a base terminal of the first high temperature (HT) transistor receives actual on-state voltage, wherein an emitter terminal of the first high temperature (HT) transistor connects to a gate signal though the second diode and the emitter resistor, and wherein amplified on-state voltage information is taken from a collector terminal of the first high temperature (HT) transistor, and
a comparator circuit, wherein the comparator circuit comprises a plurality of high temperature (HT) transistors and a voltage divider network, wherein the voltage divider network comprises a first and a second resistor for fixing a reference voltage, and wherein a second high temperature (HT) transistor conditions output of the comparator circuit to generate an overcurrent fault status signal when the amplified on-state voltage exceeds the reference voltage;
a voltage lock out protection circuit, wherein the voltage lock out protection circuit comprises a third high temperature (HT) transistor, wherein the third high temperature (HT) transistor compares a supplied positive gate voltage to a selected under voltage lock out reference voltage and loses base current when the supplied positive gate voltage falls under the under voltage lock out reference voltage, whereby an under voltage lock out fault signal is generated; a final fault detection circuit comprising a plurality of transistors, wherein the final fault detection circuit generates a single fault signal for the high temperature (HT) gate driver by combining the overcurrent fault status signal with the under voltage lock out fault signal; a pulse transformer, wherein the pulse transformer comprises a first PWM transistor and a second PWM transistor for receiving and conditioning pulse width modulator (PWM) signals, wherein a PWM signal can be selected for a desired mode of operation; further high temperature (HT) transistors for shifting magnitude of the PWM signal to produce a level shifted PWM signal and for conditioning voltage level of the single fault signal; further diodes through which the level shifted PWM signal and single fault signal are coupled to produce a final gate signal; and a push-pull buffer circuit that drives the SiC MOSFET using the final gate signal. 2. The high temperature (HT) gate driver of claim 1, wherein the overcurrent protection circuit operates in an off-state mode in which gate voltage is negative for a selected period of blanking time, wherein the first diode is reverse biased and the second diode is forward biased, wherein the amplified on-state voltage is brought to a negative value by biasing resistor selection, and whereby the overcurrent protection circuit will not trigger. 3. The high temperature (HT) gate driver of claim 2, wherein the overcurrent protection circuit operates in an on-state mode including turn-on duration and additional blanking time, wherein the second diode is reverse biased as gate voltage is positive, wherein the first diode is reverse biased until device voltage falls to steady on-state voltage, and wherein the amplified on-state voltage is maintained at a negative value, and whereby the overcurrent protection circuit will not trigger during a turn-on duration. 4. The high temperature (HT) gate driver of claim 3, wherein the turn-on duration is over, wherein the first diode is forward biased and monitors increasing on-state device voltage, wherein amplified on-state voltage gradually increases, and wherein the overcurrent protection circuit is enabled after the amplified on-state voltage is greater than 0 V. | A high temperature (HT) gate driver for Silicon Carbide metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (SiC MOSFET) uses commercial off-the-shelf COTS discrete components, and has an integrated short-circuit or overcurrent protection circuit and under voltage lock out (UVLO) protection circuit.1. A high temperature (HT) gate driver for silicon carbide metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (SiC MOSFET), comprising:
an overcurrent protection circuit, wherein the overcurrent protection circuit comprises
an amplifier circuit, wherein the amplifier circuit produces amplified on-state drain-source voltage for monitoring,
a first diode, wherein the first diode is of high voltage, and wherein the amplified on-state drain-source voltage is monitored through the first diode,
a second diode,
an emitter resistor,
a first high temperature (HT) transistor, wherein a base terminal of the first high temperature (HT) transistor receives actual on-state voltage, wherein an emitter terminal of the first high temperature (HT) transistor connects to a gate signal though the second diode and the emitter resistor, and wherein amplified on-state voltage information is taken from a collector terminal of the first high temperature (HT) transistor, and
a comparator circuit, wherein the comparator circuit comprises a plurality of high temperature (HT) transistors and a voltage divider network, wherein the voltage divider network comprises a first and a second resistor for fixing a reference voltage, and wherein a second high temperature (HT) transistor conditions output of the comparator circuit to generate an overcurrent fault status signal when the amplified on-state voltage exceeds the reference voltage;
a voltage lock out protection circuit, wherein the voltage lock out protection circuit comprises a third high temperature (HT) transistor, wherein the third high temperature (HT) transistor compares a supplied positive gate voltage to a selected under voltage lock out reference voltage and loses base current when the supplied positive gate voltage falls under the under voltage lock out reference voltage, whereby an under voltage lock out fault signal is generated; a final fault detection circuit comprising a plurality of transistors, wherein the final fault detection circuit generates a single fault signal for the high temperature (HT) gate driver by combining the overcurrent fault status signal with the under voltage lock out fault signal; a pulse transformer, wherein the pulse transformer comprises a first PWM transistor and a second PWM transistor for receiving and conditioning pulse width modulator (PWM) signals, wherein a PWM signal can be selected for a desired mode of operation; further high temperature (HT) transistors for shifting magnitude of the PWM signal to produce a level shifted PWM signal and for conditioning voltage level of the single fault signal; further diodes through which the level shifted PWM signal and single fault signal are coupled to produce a final gate signal; and a push-pull buffer circuit that drives the SiC MOSFET using the final gate signal. 2. The high temperature (HT) gate driver of claim 1, wherein the overcurrent protection circuit operates in an off-state mode in which gate voltage is negative for a selected period of blanking time, wherein the first diode is reverse biased and the second diode is forward biased, wherein the amplified on-state voltage is brought to a negative value by biasing resistor selection, and whereby the overcurrent protection circuit will not trigger. 3. The high temperature (HT) gate driver of claim 2, wherein the overcurrent protection circuit operates in an on-state mode including turn-on duration and additional blanking time, wherein the second diode is reverse biased as gate voltage is positive, wherein the first diode is reverse biased until device voltage falls to steady on-state voltage, and wherein the amplified on-state voltage is maintained at a negative value, and whereby the overcurrent protection circuit will not trigger during a turn-on duration. 4. The high temperature (HT) gate driver of claim 3, wherein the turn-on duration is over, wherein the first diode is forward biased and monitors increasing on-state device voltage, wherein amplified on-state voltage gradually increases, and wherein the overcurrent protection circuit is enabled after the amplified on-state voltage is greater than 0 V. | 2,100 |
340,631 | 16,642,106 | 2,199 | A tolerance compensation fastening apparatus (1) for fastening a first vehicle component (200) to a second vehicle component (300) by way of a bolt (100), the fastening apparatus being set up to compensate for a tolerance within a tolerance compensation range. A fastening system including such a fastening apparatus, as well as to a method for fastening a first vehicle component to a second vehicle component by way of a bolt. | 1. A tolerance compensation fastening apparatus (1) for fastening a first vehicle component (200) to a second vehicle component (300) by means of a bolt (100), the fastening apparatus (1) having a longitudinal opening (2) for receiving the bolt (100), the fastening apparatus (1) having a first compensation unit (10)
which is set up to compensate for a tolerance along the longitudinal direction (y) within a first tolerance compensation range, and which has, for this purpose, a first component (11), and a) the first component (11) being mounted on a second component (21) of the fastening apparatus (1), or b) the fastening apparatus (1) being preassembled via the first component (11) on the first vehicle component (200), by the first component (11) being mounted on the first vehicle component (200), 2. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, the diameter of the fastening apparatus (1) tapering radially towards a second axial end (4) of the fastening apparatus (1), which second axial end (4) lies opposite the first axial end (3), and starting from a shank section (24) which comes to lie in an opening (301) of the second vehicle component (300) in the fastened state of the fastening apparatus (1), the tapering of the diameter from the shank section (24) to the first axial end (3) being greater than or equal to the second tolerance compensation range. 3. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, the one or the plurality of connecting and/or guide elements (22) being of sprung configuration at least in regions, and the second component (21) being arranged in a rest position substantially in a centered manner with regard to the longitudinal axis. 4. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, the one or the plurality of connecting and/or guide elements (22) being configured as a flexible, hose-like hollow body with a round or angular cross section. 5. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 4, it being possible for the one or the plurality of connecting and/or guide elements (22) to be compressed in the longitudinal direction. 6. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim claim 5, the one or the plurality of connecting and/or guide elements (22) being formed at least partially from foam. 7. The fastening apparatus (1) according claim 5, the one or the plurality of connecting and/or guide elements (22) being formed at least partially by way of a serpentine-like circumferential face (27). 8. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, the one or the plurality of connecting and/or guide elements (22) being configured at least partially as a spiral spring. 9. The fastening apparatus (1) according claim 1, the one or the plurality of connecting and/or guide elements (22) being configured at least partially as a latching retainer. 10. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, the first vehicle component (200) and/or the second component (21) having one or a plurality of counter-retainers (208, 28) for retaining the one or plurality of connecting and/or guide elements (22). 11. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, the fastening apparatus (1) being set up to fix the degree of longitudinal freedom of the first component (11) and/or the one or the plurality of degrees of transverse freedom of the second component (21) in a frictionally locking and/or positively locking manner by means of a pressure force which acts by way of the bolt (100) on the first and/or second component (11, 21). 12. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 11, the fastening apparatus (1) having one or more ribs or prongs (14) which are set up to fix the degree of longitudinal freedom and/or the one or the plurality of degrees of transverse freedom in a frictionally locking and/or positively locking manner. 13. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, the first component (11) being mounted in a rotationally movable manner by means of a first thread (13),
in case a), on the second component (21) of the fastening apparatus (1) in a second thread (23) of the second component (21), or, in case b), on the first vehicle component (200) in a second thread of the vehicle component (203), 14. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, the first component (11) being mounted with the result that it can be displaced along the degree of longitudinal freedom by means of a thrust joint,
in case a), on the second component (21) of the fastening apparatus (1), or, in case b), on the first vehicle component (200), 15. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, the fastening apparatus (1) having one or more expanding structures (15) which is/are set up to be expanded by way of the pressure force which acts by way of the bolt on the first and/or second component (11, 21), and thus to block the degree of longitudinal freedom of the thrust joint. 16. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, the fastening apparatus having a nut element (30) for fastening the fastening apparatus (1) to an opening (301) of the second vehicle component (300), the nut element (30) being arranged at a second axial end (4) which lies opposite the first axial end (3), and being set up to be expanded radially by means of the bolt (100) being screwed into the fastening apparatus (1). 17. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, the fastening apparatus (1) having a nut element (30) for fastening the fastening apparatus (1) to the second vehicle component (300), the nut element (30) being arranged at a second axial end (4) which lies opposite the first axial end (3), and being set up to be rotated by means of the bolt (100) being screwed into the fastening apparatus (1) from an introduction position into a locked position which is defined by way of a stop. 18. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 17, the nut element (30) having an elongate cross section, with the result that it can be introduced into an opening (301) of correspondingly elongate shape of the second vehicle component (300) and is therefore set up to transversely undercut the said opening (301) and therefore to lock it in the blocked position. 19. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 18, the nut element (30) being held in a cage (25) which has a cross section, the nut element (30) having radial projections (31) which, in the introduction position, end radially within the cross section or with an identical radial dimension as the cross section and, in the locked position, project radially beyond the cross section. 20. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 19, the cage or another component of the fastening device (1) having one or more guide curves (26) for the axial and/or rotational guidance of the nut element (30). 21. A tolerance compensation fastening apparatus (1) for fastening a first vehicle component (200) to a second vehicle component (300) by means of a bolt (100), the fastening apparatus (1) having a longitudinal opening (2) for receiving the bolt (100), 22. A tolerance compensation fastening apparatus (1) for fastening a first vehicle component (200) to a second vehicle component (300) by means of a bolt (100), the fastening apparatus (1) having a longitudinal opening (2) for receiving the bolt (100), 23. A fastening system comprising a fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, a first vehicle component (200), a second vehicle component (300) and a bolt (100), the second vehicle component (300) having one or more first centering elements (302), and the first vehicle component (200) having one or more second centering elements (202) which can be brought into contact with the first centering elements (302), and the correct installation situation being defined when the first and second centering elements (302, 202) bear against one another. 24. The fastening system according to claim 23, the fastening system being set up to cut into the fastening apparatus (1) or into the first or the second vehicle component (200, 300) up to a predefined dimension by way of a pressure force which is applied by means of the bolt head of the bolt (100) to the composite structure comprising the vehicle components (200, 300) and the fastening apparatus (1), or to deform the fastening apparatus (1) or the first or the second vehicle component (200, 300) up to a predefined dimension, with the result that the longitudinal extent of the composite structure comprising the vehicle components (200, 300) and the fastening apparatus (1) is reduced by a predefined dimension, and one or more centering elements (202, 302) move away from one another again by a predefined dimension at least in the longitudinal direction. 25. The fastening system according to claim 23, the first vehicle component (200) being a door handle module, and the second vehicle component (300) being a vehicle door with an outer skin and with a cut-out (303) in the outer skin for a door handle of the door handle module, the one or the plurality of first centering elements (302) being arranged at a spacing of less than 1 cm from the edge of the cut-out. 26. A method for fastening a first vehicle component (200) to a second vehicle component (300) by means of a fastening apparatus (1), comprising the following steps:
preassembling of the fastening apparatus (1) on the first vehicle component (200), bringing first centering elements (302) of the second vehicle component (300) into contact with second centering elements (202) of the first vehicle component (200), fastening of the first vehicle component (200) to the second vehicle component (300) by way of the bolt (100) being screwed into the fastening apparatus (1), a tolerance being compensated for here along the longitudinal direction (y) within a first tolerance compensation range by means of a first compensation unit (10) of the fastening apparatus (1), characterized in that 27. The method according to claim 26, the bolt (100) being tightened at the end of the method and in the process being cut into the fastening apparatus (1) or into the first or the second vehicle component (200, 300) up to a predefined dimension by way of a pressure force which is applied by means of the bolt head of the bolt (100) to the composite structure comprising the vehicle components (200, 300) and the fastening apparatus (1), or the fastening apparatus (1) or the first or the second vehicle component (200, 300) being deformed up to a predefined dimension, as a result of which the longitudinal extent of the composite structure comprising the vehicle components (200, 300) and the fastening apparatus (1) is reduced by a predefined dimension, and therefore one or more centering elements (302, 202) move away from one another again by a predefined dimension at least in the longitudinal direction. | A tolerance compensation fastening apparatus (1) for fastening a first vehicle component (200) to a second vehicle component (300) by way of a bolt (100), the fastening apparatus being set up to compensate for a tolerance within a tolerance compensation range. A fastening system including such a fastening apparatus, as well as to a method for fastening a first vehicle component to a second vehicle component by way of a bolt.1. A tolerance compensation fastening apparatus (1) for fastening a first vehicle component (200) to a second vehicle component (300) by means of a bolt (100), the fastening apparatus (1) having a longitudinal opening (2) for receiving the bolt (100), the fastening apparatus (1) having a first compensation unit (10)
which is set up to compensate for a tolerance along the longitudinal direction (y) within a first tolerance compensation range, and which has, for this purpose, a first component (11), and a) the first component (11) being mounted on a second component (21) of the fastening apparatus (1), or b) the fastening apparatus (1) being preassembled via the first component (11) on the first vehicle component (200), by the first component (11) being mounted on the first vehicle component (200), 2. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, the diameter of the fastening apparatus (1) tapering radially towards a second axial end (4) of the fastening apparatus (1), which second axial end (4) lies opposite the first axial end (3), and starting from a shank section (24) which comes to lie in an opening (301) of the second vehicle component (300) in the fastened state of the fastening apparatus (1), the tapering of the diameter from the shank section (24) to the first axial end (3) being greater than or equal to the second tolerance compensation range. 3. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, the one or the plurality of connecting and/or guide elements (22) being of sprung configuration at least in regions, and the second component (21) being arranged in a rest position substantially in a centered manner with regard to the longitudinal axis. 4. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, the one or the plurality of connecting and/or guide elements (22) being configured as a flexible, hose-like hollow body with a round or angular cross section. 5. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 4, it being possible for the one or the plurality of connecting and/or guide elements (22) to be compressed in the longitudinal direction. 6. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim claim 5, the one or the plurality of connecting and/or guide elements (22) being formed at least partially from foam. 7. The fastening apparatus (1) according claim 5, the one or the plurality of connecting and/or guide elements (22) being formed at least partially by way of a serpentine-like circumferential face (27). 8. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, the one or the plurality of connecting and/or guide elements (22) being configured at least partially as a spiral spring. 9. The fastening apparatus (1) according claim 1, the one or the plurality of connecting and/or guide elements (22) being configured at least partially as a latching retainer. 10. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, the first vehicle component (200) and/or the second component (21) having one or a plurality of counter-retainers (208, 28) for retaining the one or plurality of connecting and/or guide elements (22). 11. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, the fastening apparatus (1) being set up to fix the degree of longitudinal freedom of the first component (11) and/or the one or the plurality of degrees of transverse freedom of the second component (21) in a frictionally locking and/or positively locking manner by means of a pressure force which acts by way of the bolt (100) on the first and/or second component (11, 21). 12. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 11, the fastening apparatus (1) having one or more ribs or prongs (14) which are set up to fix the degree of longitudinal freedom and/or the one or the plurality of degrees of transverse freedom in a frictionally locking and/or positively locking manner. 13. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, the first component (11) being mounted in a rotationally movable manner by means of a first thread (13),
in case a), on the second component (21) of the fastening apparatus (1) in a second thread (23) of the second component (21), or, in case b), on the first vehicle component (200) in a second thread of the vehicle component (203), 14. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, the first component (11) being mounted with the result that it can be displaced along the degree of longitudinal freedom by means of a thrust joint,
in case a), on the second component (21) of the fastening apparatus (1), or, in case b), on the first vehicle component (200), 15. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, the fastening apparatus (1) having one or more expanding structures (15) which is/are set up to be expanded by way of the pressure force which acts by way of the bolt on the first and/or second component (11, 21), and thus to block the degree of longitudinal freedom of the thrust joint. 16. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, the fastening apparatus having a nut element (30) for fastening the fastening apparatus (1) to an opening (301) of the second vehicle component (300), the nut element (30) being arranged at a second axial end (4) which lies opposite the first axial end (3), and being set up to be expanded radially by means of the bolt (100) being screwed into the fastening apparatus (1). 17. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, the fastening apparatus (1) having a nut element (30) for fastening the fastening apparatus (1) to the second vehicle component (300), the nut element (30) being arranged at a second axial end (4) which lies opposite the first axial end (3), and being set up to be rotated by means of the bolt (100) being screwed into the fastening apparatus (1) from an introduction position into a locked position which is defined by way of a stop. 18. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 17, the nut element (30) having an elongate cross section, with the result that it can be introduced into an opening (301) of correspondingly elongate shape of the second vehicle component (300) and is therefore set up to transversely undercut the said opening (301) and therefore to lock it in the blocked position. 19. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 18, the nut element (30) being held in a cage (25) which has a cross section, the nut element (30) having radial projections (31) which, in the introduction position, end radially within the cross section or with an identical radial dimension as the cross section and, in the locked position, project radially beyond the cross section. 20. The fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 19, the cage or another component of the fastening device (1) having one or more guide curves (26) for the axial and/or rotational guidance of the nut element (30). 21. A tolerance compensation fastening apparatus (1) for fastening a first vehicle component (200) to a second vehicle component (300) by means of a bolt (100), the fastening apparatus (1) having a longitudinal opening (2) for receiving the bolt (100), 22. A tolerance compensation fastening apparatus (1) for fastening a first vehicle component (200) to a second vehicle component (300) by means of a bolt (100), the fastening apparatus (1) having a longitudinal opening (2) for receiving the bolt (100), 23. A fastening system comprising a fastening apparatus (1) according to claim 1, a first vehicle component (200), a second vehicle component (300) and a bolt (100), the second vehicle component (300) having one or more first centering elements (302), and the first vehicle component (200) having one or more second centering elements (202) which can be brought into contact with the first centering elements (302), and the correct installation situation being defined when the first and second centering elements (302, 202) bear against one another. 24. The fastening system according to claim 23, the fastening system being set up to cut into the fastening apparatus (1) or into the first or the second vehicle component (200, 300) up to a predefined dimension by way of a pressure force which is applied by means of the bolt head of the bolt (100) to the composite structure comprising the vehicle components (200, 300) and the fastening apparatus (1), or to deform the fastening apparatus (1) or the first or the second vehicle component (200, 300) up to a predefined dimension, with the result that the longitudinal extent of the composite structure comprising the vehicle components (200, 300) and the fastening apparatus (1) is reduced by a predefined dimension, and one or more centering elements (202, 302) move away from one another again by a predefined dimension at least in the longitudinal direction. 25. The fastening system according to claim 23, the first vehicle component (200) being a door handle module, and the second vehicle component (300) being a vehicle door with an outer skin and with a cut-out (303) in the outer skin for a door handle of the door handle module, the one or the plurality of first centering elements (302) being arranged at a spacing of less than 1 cm from the edge of the cut-out. 26. A method for fastening a first vehicle component (200) to a second vehicle component (300) by means of a fastening apparatus (1), comprising the following steps:
preassembling of the fastening apparatus (1) on the first vehicle component (200), bringing first centering elements (302) of the second vehicle component (300) into contact with second centering elements (202) of the first vehicle component (200), fastening of the first vehicle component (200) to the second vehicle component (300) by way of the bolt (100) being screwed into the fastening apparatus (1), a tolerance being compensated for here along the longitudinal direction (y) within a first tolerance compensation range by means of a first compensation unit (10) of the fastening apparatus (1), characterized in that 27. The method according to claim 26, the bolt (100) being tightened at the end of the method and in the process being cut into the fastening apparatus (1) or into the first or the second vehicle component (200, 300) up to a predefined dimension by way of a pressure force which is applied by means of the bolt head of the bolt (100) to the composite structure comprising the vehicle components (200, 300) and the fastening apparatus (1), or the fastening apparatus (1) or the first or the second vehicle component (200, 300) being deformed up to a predefined dimension, as a result of which the longitudinal extent of the composite structure comprising the vehicle components (200, 300) and the fastening apparatus (1) is reduced by a predefined dimension, and therefore one or more centering elements (302, 202) move away from one another again by a predefined dimension at least in the longitudinal direction. | 2,100 |
340,632 | 16,642,070 | 2,199 | Methods of determining whether an environment is suitable or acceptable for performing a three-dimensional (3D) scan are provided. The methods may include performing one or more checks on captured image data of the environment, wherein performing each of the one or more checks comprises determining whether the environment satisfies a respective criterion. The method may further include determining that the environment is suitable or unsuitable for performing the 3D scan based on a result of each performed check. Determining that the environment is suitable for performing the 3D scan may include determining that the environment satisfies each of the respective criteria of the performed one or more checks. Determining that the environment is unsuitable for performing the 3D scan may include determining that the environment does not satisfy at least one criterion of the performed one or more checks. Related devices and computer program products are also provided. | 1. A method of checking an environment for performing a three-dimensional (3D) scan, the method comprising:
performing one or more checks on captured image data of the environment, wherein performing each of the one or more checks comprises determining whether the environment satisfies a respective criterion, wherein a first check of the one or more checks uses loop closure as a criterion and wherein performing the first check comprises performing a loop closure check; and determining that the environment is suitable or unsuitable for performing the 3D scan based on a result of each performed check, wherein determining that the environment is suitable for performing the 3D scan comprises determining that the environment satisfies each of the respective criteria of the performed one or more checks, and wherein determining that the environment is unsuitable for performing the 3D scan comprises determining that the environment does not satisfy at least one criterion of the performed one or more checks. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a second check of the one or more checks uses light level as a criterion and wherein performing the second check comprises comparing a first light level of the captured image data to a first threshold. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein a third check of the one or more checks uses light level as a criterion and wherein performing the third check comprises comparing of a second light level the captured image data to a second threshold. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein a fourth check of the one or more checks uses light level as a criterion and wherein performing the fourth check comprises comparing a third threshold to a difference between a first light level of the captured image data and a second light level of the captured image data. 5. (canceled) 6. The method of claim 4, wherein a fifth check of the one or more checks uses background data as a criterion and wherein performing the fifth check comprises performing a background check comprising:
determining a plurality of feature points in the captured image data; distributing the plurality of feature points into one or more sectors; and determining whether a number of the plurality of feature points for adjacent sectors of the one or more sectors exceeds a threshold value. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving, in a storage medium, the captured image data from an image capture device. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining comprises determining that the environment is suitable for performing the 3D scan; and instantiating performance of a 3D scanning process. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining comprises determining that the environment is unsuitable for performing the 3D scan; and wherein the method further comprises:
indicating to a user that the environment is unsuitable for performance of the 3D scan. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
receiving a user command indicating acknowledgement of the indication that the environment is unsuitable for performance and commanding instantiation of a 3D scanning process. 11. An electronic device comprising:
a processor; and
a storage device that is coupled to the processor and comprising computer readable program code therein that when executed by the processor causes the processor to perform the method of claim 1. 12. A computer program product comprising:
a non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising computer readable program code therein that when executed by a processor causes the processor to perform the method of claim 1. 13. A computer program product comprising:
a non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising computer readable program code therein that when executed by a processor causes the processor to perform operations comprising:
performing one or more checks on captured image data of an environment, wherein performing each of the one or more checks comprises determining whether the environment satisfies a respective criterion; and
determining that the environment is suitable or unsuitable for performing a 3D scan based on a result of each performed check, wherein determining that the environment is suitable for performing the 3D scan comprises determining that the environment satisfies each of the respective criteria of the performed one or more checks, and wherein determining that the environment is unsuitable for performing the 3D scan comprises determining that the environment does not satisfy at least one criterion of the performed one or more checks. 14. The computer program product of claim 13, wherein the computer readable program code further causes the processor to perform at least one of:
a comparison of a first light level of the captured image data to a first threshold; a comparison of a second light level the captured image data to a second threshold; and/or a comparison of a third threshold to a difference between the first light level of the captured image data and the second light level of the captured image data. 15. The computer program product of claim 13, wherein the computer readable program code further causes the processor to perform a loop closure check. 16. The computer program product of claim 13, wherein the computer readable program code further causes the processor to perform a background detail check. 17. An electronic device comprising:
a processor; and a storage device that is coupled to the processor and comprises computer readable program code therein that when executed by the processor causes the processor to perform operations comprising:
performing one or more checks on captured image data of an environment, wherein performing each of the one or more checks comprises determining whether the environment satisfies a respective criterion; and
determining that the environment is suitable or unsuitable for performing a 3D scan based on a result of each performed check, wherein determining that the environment is suitable for performing the 3D scan comprises determining that the environment satisfies each of the respective criteria of the performed one or more checks, and wherein determining that the environment is unsuitable for performing the 3D scan comprises determining that the environment does not satisfy at least one criterion of the performed one or more checks. 18. The electronic device of claim 17, wherein the computer readable program code further causes the processor to perform at least one of:
a comparison of a first light level of the captured image data to a first threshold; a comparison of a second light level the captured image data to a second threshold; and/or a comparison of a third threshold to a difference between the first light level of the captured image data and the second light level of the captured image data. 19. The electronic device of claim 17, wherein the computer readable program code further causes the processor to perform a loop closure check. 20. The electronic device of claim 17, wherein the computer readable program code further causes the processor to perform operations comprising:
determining a plurality of feature points in the captured image data; distributing the plurality of feature points into one or more sectors; and determining whether a number of the plurality of feature points for adjacent sectors of the one or more sectors exceeds a threshold value. | Methods of determining whether an environment is suitable or acceptable for performing a three-dimensional (3D) scan are provided. The methods may include performing one or more checks on captured image data of the environment, wherein performing each of the one or more checks comprises determining whether the environment satisfies a respective criterion. The method may further include determining that the environment is suitable or unsuitable for performing the 3D scan based on a result of each performed check. Determining that the environment is suitable for performing the 3D scan may include determining that the environment satisfies each of the respective criteria of the performed one or more checks. Determining that the environment is unsuitable for performing the 3D scan may include determining that the environment does not satisfy at least one criterion of the performed one or more checks. Related devices and computer program products are also provided.1. A method of checking an environment for performing a three-dimensional (3D) scan, the method comprising:
performing one or more checks on captured image data of the environment, wherein performing each of the one or more checks comprises determining whether the environment satisfies a respective criterion, wherein a first check of the one or more checks uses loop closure as a criterion and wherein performing the first check comprises performing a loop closure check; and determining that the environment is suitable or unsuitable for performing the 3D scan based on a result of each performed check, wherein determining that the environment is suitable for performing the 3D scan comprises determining that the environment satisfies each of the respective criteria of the performed one or more checks, and wherein determining that the environment is unsuitable for performing the 3D scan comprises determining that the environment does not satisfy at least one criterion of the performed one or more checks. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein a second check of the one or more checks uses light level as a criterion and wherein performing the second check comprises comparing a first light level of the captured image data to a first threshold. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein a third check of the one or more checks uses light level as a criterion and wherein performing the third check comprises comparing of a second light level the captured image data to a second threshold. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein a fourth check of the one or more checks uses light level as a criterion and wherein performing the fourth check comprises comparing a third threshold to a difference between a first light level of the captured image data and a second light level of the captured image data. 5. (canceled) 6. The method of claim 4, wherein a fifth check of the one or more checks uses background data as a criterion and wherein performing the fifth check comprises performing a background check comprising:
determining a plurality of feature points in the captured image data; distributing the plurality of feature points into one or more sectors; and determining whether a number of the plurality of feature points for adjacent sectors of the one or more sectors exceeds a threshold value. 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving, in a storage medium, the captured image data from an image capture device. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining comprises determining that the environment is suitable for performing the 3D scan; and instantiating performance of a 3D scanning process. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining comprises determining that the environment is unsuitable for performing the 3D scan; and wherein the method further comprises:
indicating to a user that the environment is unsuitable for performance of the 3D scan. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
receiving a user command indicating acknowledgement of the indication that the environment is unsuitable for performance and commanding instantiation of a 3D scanning process. 11. An electronic device comprising:
a processor; and
a storage device that is coupled to the processor and comprising computer readable program code therein that when executed by the processor causes the processor to perform the method of claim 1. 12. A computer program product comprising:
a non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising computer readable program code therein that when executed by a processor causes the processor to perform the method of claim 1. 13. A computer program product comprising:
a non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising computer readable program code therein that when executed by a processor causes the processor to perform operations comprising:
performing one or more checks on captured image data of an environment, wherein performing each of the one or more checks comprises determining whether the environment satisfies a respective criterion; and
determining that the environment is suitable or unsuitable for performing a 3D scan based on a result of each performed check, wherein determining that the environment is suitable for performing the 3D scan comprises determining that the environment satisfies each of the respective criteria of the performed one or more checks, and wherein determining that the environment is unsuitable for performing the 3D scan comprises determining that the environment does not satisfy at least one criterion of the performed one or more checks. 14. The computer program product of claim 13, wherein the computer readable program code further causes the processor to perform at least one of:
a comparison of a first light level of the captured image data to a first threshold; a comparison of a second light level the captured image data to a second threshold; and/or a comparison of a third threshold to a difference between the first light level of the captured image data and the second light level of the captured image data. 15. The computer program product of claim 13, wherein the computer readable program code further causes the processor to perform a loop closure check. 16. The computer program product of claim 13, wherein the computer readable program code further causes the processor to perform a background detail check. 17. An electronic device comprising:
a processor; and a storage device that is coupled to the processor and comprises computer readable program code therein that when executed by the processor causes the processor to perform operations comprising:
performing one or more checks on captured image data of an environment, wherein performing each of the one or more checks comprises determining whether the environment satisfies a respective criterion; and
determining that the environment is suitable or unsuitable for performing a 3D scan based on a result of each performed check, wherein determining that the environment is suitable for performing the 3D scan comprises determining that the environment satisfies each of the respective criteria of the performed one or more checks, and wherein determining that the environment is unsuitable for performing the 3D scan comprises determining that the environment does not satisfy at least one criterion of the performed one or more checks. 18. The electronic device of claim 17, wherein the computer readable program code further causes the processor to perform at least one of:
a comparison of a first light level of the captured image data to a first threshold; a comparison of a second light level the captured image data to a second threshold; and/or a comparison of a third threshold to a difference between the first light level of the captured image data and the second light level of the captured image data. 19. The electronic device of claim 17, wherein the computer readable program code further causes the processor to perform a loop closure check. 20. The electronic device of claim 17, wherein the computer readable program code further causes the processor to perform operations comprising:
determining a plurality of feature points in the captured image data; distributing the plurality of feature points into one or more sectors; and determining whether a number of the plurality of feature points for adjacent sectors of the one or more sectors exceeds a threshold value. | 2,100 |
340,633 | 16,642,110 | 3,671 | A sickle guard counter-knife insert includes a pair of counter-knives. Each counter-knife defines a channel for an operable sickle bar between mutually-coupled upper and lower portions. The counter-knives and a connecting crossbar are formed together as an integral unit. | 1. A sickle guard counter-knife insert, the insert comprising:
a pair of counter-knives, each counter-knife defining a channel for an operable sickle bar between mutually coupled upper and lower portions of each counter-knife; and a crossbar connecting the pair of counter-knives, wherein the counter-knives and crossbar are formed together as an integral unit. 2. The insert of claim 1, wherein each counter-knife comprises sharpened lateral edges. 3. The insert of claim 2, wherein both the upper and lower portions comprise sharpened edges. 4. The insert of claim 1, wherein the upper and lower portions are connected by a weakened and bent connecting region. 5. The insert of claim 1, wherein each counter-knife is generally C-shaped. 6. The insert of claim 1, wherein the integral unit further comprises a pair of tabs, wherein each tab is longitudinally aligned with a respective one of the counter-knives and defines a hole for receiving a securing bolt. 7. A cutterbar assembly comprising:
a sickle cutterbar; a sickle guard comprising a plurality of forwardly projecting guard fingers each defining an aft-directed recess; and a plurality of counter-knife inserts, each insert comprising:
a pair of counter-knives, each counter-knife defining a channel for the sickle cutterbar between mutually coupled upper and lower portions of each counter-knife; and
a crossbar connecting the pair of counter-knives, wherein the counter-knives and crossbar are formed together as an integral unit, wherein each insert is inserted into, and secured to, an adjacent pair of recesses of the sickle guard such that the sickle cutterbar may be operably driven in reciprocating motion inside the channels of the counter-knives. 8. The cutterbar assembly of claim 7, wherein the sickle guard comprises a polymeric material, and wherein the counter-knife inserts comprise metal. 9. The cutterbar assembly of claim 7, wherein the sickle guard comprises a plurality of sickle guard units, each unit having a pair of the guard fingers. 10. The cutterbar assembly of claim 9, wherein each pair of the guard fingers are connected in an upper region by a crosslink mated with the crossbar of one of the inserts. 11. The cutterbar assembly of claim 9, wherein each sickle guard unit is integral with a skid that projects rearward of the sickle cutterbar. 12. The cutterbar assembly of claim 11, wherein the skid exhibits a smooth underside and a ribbed topside. 13. The cutterbar assembly of claim 9, wherein the sickle cutterbar comprises a plurality of knife sections configured to be driven in an oscillating motion, wherein each pair of counter-knives comprises sharpened lateral edges, and wherein each knife section of the sickle cutterbar passes a lateral edge of a counter-knife as the sickle cutterbar oscillates. 14. The cutterbar assembly of claim 13, wherein each knife section of the sickle cutterbar passes between a lateral edge of the upper portion of a counter-knife and a lateral edge of the lower portion of the counter-knife. 15. A method comprising:
forming an integral unit comprising a sickle guard counter-knife insert, the integral unit comprising:
a pair of counter-knives, each counter-knife defining a channel for an operable sickle bar between mutually coupled upper and lower portions of each counter-knife; and
a crossbar connecting the pair of counter-knives. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising sharpening lateral edges of each of the counter-knives. 17. The method of claim 15, wherein forming an integral unit comprises:
cutting sheet metal; and bending the cut sheet metal to form a shape of the counter-knives and the crossbar. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein cutting sheet metal comprises a method selected from the group consisting of laser-cutting, water-jet cutting, and stamping. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein cutting sheet metal comprises forming at least one hole in the sheet metal to facilitate bending the cut sheet metal. 20. The method of claim 15, further comprising inserting the integral unit into a sickle guard comprising a plurality of forwardly projecting guard fingers each defining an aft-directed recess. | A sickle guard counter-knife insert includes a pair of counter-knives. Each counter-knife defines a channel for an operable sickle bar between mutually-coupled upper and lower portions. The counter-knives and a connecting crossbar are formed together as an integral unit.1. A sickle guard counter-knife insert, the insert comprising:
a pair of counter-knives, each counter-knife defining a channel for an operable sickle bar between mutually coupled upper and lower portions of each counter-knife; and a crossbar connecting the pair of counter-knives, wherein the counter-knives and crossbar are formed together as an integral unit. 2. The insert of claim 1, wherein each counter-knife comprises sharpened lateral edges. 3. The insert of claim 2, wherein both the upper and lower portions comprise sharpened edges. 4. The insert of claim 1, wherein the upper and lower portions are connected by a weakened and bent connecting region. 5. The insert of claim 1, wherein each counter-knife is generally C-shaped. 6. The insert of claim 1, wherein the integral unit further comprises a pair of tabs, wherein each tab is longitudinally aligned with a respective one of the counter-knives and defines a hole for receiving a securing bolt. 7. A cutterbar assembly comprising:
a sickle cutterbar; a sickle guard comprising a plurality of forwardly projecting guard fingers each defining an aft-directed recess; and a plurality of counter-knife inserts, each insert comprising:
a pair of counter-knives, each counter-knife defining a channel for the sickle cutterbar between mutually coupled upper and lower portions of each counter-knife; and
a crossbar connecting the pair of counter-knives, wherein the counter-knives and crossbar are formed together as an integral unit, wherein each insert is inserted into, and secured to, an adjacent pair of recesses of the sickle guard such that the sickle cutterbar may be operably driven in reciprocating motion inside the channels of the counter-knives. 8. The cutterbar assembly of claim 7, wherein the sickle guard comprises a polymeric material, and wherein the counter-knife inserts comprise metal. 9. The cutterbar assembly of claim 7, wherein the sickle guard comprises a plurality of sickle guard units, each unit having a pair of the guard fingers. 10. The cutterbar assembly of claim 9, wherein each pair of the guard fingers are connected in an upper region by a crosslink mated with the crossbar of one of the inserts. 11. The cutterbar assembly of claim 9, wherein each sickle guard unit is integral with a skid that projects rearward of the sickle cutterbar. 12. The cutterbar assembly of claim 11, wherein the skid exhibits a smooth underside and a ribbed topside. 13. The cutterbar assembly of claim 9, wherein the sickle cutterbar comprises a plurality of knife sections configured to be driven in an oscillating motion, wherein each pair of counter-knives comprises sharpened lateral edges, and wherein each knife section of the sickle cutterbar passes a lateral edge of a counter-knife as the sickle cutterbar oscillates. 14. The cutterbar assembly of claim 13, wherein each knife section of the sickle cutterbar passes between a lateral edge of the upper portion of a counter-knife and a lateral edge of the lower portion of the counter-knife. 15. A method comprising:
forming an integral unit comprising a sickle guard counter-knife insert, the integral unit comprising:
a pair of counter-knives, each counter-knife defining a channel for an operable sickle bar between mutually coupled upper and lower portions of each counter-knife; and
a crossbar connecting the pair of counter-knives. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising sharpening lateral edges of each of the counter-knives. 17. The method of claim 15, wherein forming an integral unit comprises:
cutting sheet metal; and bending the cut sheet metal to form a shape of the counter-knives and the crossbar. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein cutting sheet metal comprises a method selected from the group consisting of laser-cutting, water-jet cutting, and stamping. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein cutting sheet metal comprises forming at least one hole in the sheet metal to facilitate bending the cut sheet metal. 20. The method of claim 15, further comprising inserting the integral unit into a sickle guard comprising a plurality of forwardly projecting guard fingers each defining an aft-directed recess. | 3,600 |
340,634 | 16,642,065 | 3,671 | A sensing element includes a substrate including an electrically non-conductive surface, at least one high surface energy region, and an electrode pair structure disposed on the electrically non-conductive surface. The electrode pair structure includes at least one pair of electrodes having a gap therebetween. At least one of the electrodes is at least partially within the at least one high surface energy region. The sensing element is configured to sense fluid-soluble particulate matter. | 1. A respirator comprising a sensing element, wherein the sensing elements comprises:
a substrate comprising an electrically non-conductive surface; at least one high surface energy region; and an electrode pair structure disposed on the electrically non-conductive surface, the electrode pair structure comprises at least one pair of electrodes having a gap therebetween, and at least one of the electrodes is at least partially within the at least one high surface energy region, and the sensing element is configured to sense fluid-soluble particulate matter. 2. The respirator of claim 1, further comprising two or more pairs of electrodes. 3. The respirator according to claim 1, wherein electrodes in the at least one pair of electrodes are positioned co-planar with respect to one another. 4. The respirator according to claim 1, wherein when the sensing element is configured to sense fluid-soluble particulate matter, a liquid layer is disposed in the gap such that the liquid layer is in contact with both electrodes in the at least one pair of electrodes. 5. The respirator according to claim 1, wherein the substrate further comprises at least one low surface energy region. 6. The respirator according to claim 1, further comprising a filtering element disposed around the surface of at least one electrode, such that a fluid must substantially pass through the filtering element to reach the electrode. 7. The respirator according claim 1, wherein the at least one high surface energy region comprises a siloxane surface. 8. The respirator according to claim 1, wherein the at least one high surface energy region comprises a zwitterionic siloxane surface. 9. The respirator according to claim 1, wherein the at least one high surface energy region comprises a hygroscopic material. 10. The respirator according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the high surface energy regions is fully circumscribed by a low surface energy region. 11. The respirator according to claim 1, wherein the water dissolvable ion content of the high surface energy regions is less than 1E-9 moles ion/mm2. 12. The respirator according to claim 1, further comprising at least one of a layer of hygroscopic material and a layer of a salt disposed on the high surface energy regions. 13. The respirator according to claim 1, further comprising a layer of hygroscopic material and a layer of salt disposed on the high surface energy regions. 14. The respirator according to claim 1, wherein the electrode pair structure comprises four electrodes, A, B, C, and D, and two pairs of electrodes are formed, A-B and C-D. 15. The respirator according to claim 1, wherein the electrode pair structure comprises three electrodes, A, B and C, further wherein two pairs of electrodes are formed, A-C and B-C, and electrode C is common to both electrode pairs. 16. The respirator according to claim 1, further comprising a protective film disposed on the surface of the element. 17. The respirator according to claim 6, wherein the filtering element is adhered to the surface by an adhesive foam. 18. The respirator of claim 16, wherein the foam has an ion content of less than 1000 ppm. 19. The respirator according to claim 9, wherein the hygroscopic material is a polyol. 20. The respirator according to claim 19, wherein the polyol is a sugar alcohol. 21-22. (canceled) | A sensing element includes a substrate including an electrically non-conductive surface, at least one high surface energy region, and an electrode pair structure disposed on the electrically non-conductive surface. The electrode pair structure includes at least one pair of electrodes having a gap therebetween. At least one of the electrodes is at least partially within the at least one high surface energy region. The sensing element is configured to sense fluid-soluble particulate matter.1. A respirator comprising a sensing element, wherein the sensing elements comprises:
a substrate comprising an electrically non-conductive surface; at least one high surface energy region; and an electrode pair structure disposed on the electrically non-conductive surface, the electrode pair structure comprises at least one pair of electrodes having a gap therebetween, and at least one of the electrodes is at least partially within the at least one high surface energy region, and the sensing element is configured to sense fluid-soluble particulate matter. 2. The respirator of claim 1, further comprising two or more pairs of electrodes. 3. The respirator according to claim 1, wherein electrodes in the at least one pair of electrodes are positioned co-planar with respect to one another. 4. The respirator according to claim 1, wherein when the sensing element is configured to sense fluid-soluble particulate matter, a liquid layer is disposed in the gap such that the liquid layer is in contact with both electrodes in the at least one pair of electrodes. 5. The respirator according to claim 1, wherein the substrate further comprises at least one low surface energy region. 6. The respirator according to claim 1, further comprising a filtering element disposed around the surface of at least one electrode, such that a fluid must substantially pass through the filtering element to reach the electrode. 7. The respirator according claim 1, wherein the at least one high surface energy region comprises a siloxane surface. 8. The respirator according to claim 1, wherein the at least one high surface energy region comprises a zwitterionic siloxane surface. 9. The respirator according to claim 1, wherein the at least one high surface energy region comprises a hygroscopic material. 10. The respirator according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the high surface energy regions is fully circumscribed by a low surface energy region. 11. The respirator according to claim 1, wherein the water dissolvable ion content of the high surface energy regions is less than 1E-9 moles ion/mm2. 12. The respirator according to claim 1, further comprising at least one of a layer of hygroscopic material and a layer of a salt disposed on the high surface energy regions. 13. The respirator according to claim 1, further comprising a layer of hygroscopic material and a layer of salt disposed on the high surface energy regions. 14. The respirator according to claim 1, wherein the electrode pair structure comprises four electrodes, A, B, C, and D, and two pairs of electrodes are formed, A-B and C-D. 15. The respirator according to claim 1, wherein the electrode pair structure comprises three electrodes, A, B and C, further wherein two pairs of electrodes are formed, A-C and B-C, and electrode C is common to both electrode pairs. 16. The respirator according to claim 1, further comprising a protective film disposed on the surface of the element. 17. The respirator according to claim 6, wherein the filtering element is adhered to the surface by an adhesive foam. 18. The respirator of claim 16, wherein the foam has an ion content of less than 1000 ppm. 19. The respirator according to claim 9, wherein the hygroscopic material is a polyol. 20. The respirator according to claim 19, wherein the polyol is a sugar alcohol. 21-22. (canceled) | 3,600 |
340,635 | 16,642,109 | 3,671 | The invention relates to a screw, which is used specifically in the field of oral dental surgery. The screw consists of a bioresorbable material and comprises a drive that can be broken off by means of a predetermined breaking point and/or has a thickened shaft below the contact surface of a cap of the head of the screw. | 1. A screw for fixing an implant, whereby the screw consists of a bioresorbable material,
whereby the screw comprises a thread for screwing it into the bone, whereby the screw comprises a head with a cap and a drive, whereby the cap comprises a preferably essentially flat contact surface for the implant, and whereby a predetermined breaking point is present between the drive and the cap. 2. The screw according to the preceding claim,
characterised in that the predetermined breaking point is designed as a constriction, preferably as a constriction whose smallest diameter is smaller than the smallest diameter of the shaft, in particular a constriction comprising a diameter that is 0.70 to 0.99 times, preferably 0.90 to 0.99 times, the diameter of the shaft. 3. The screw according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cap is provided to be plate-shaped, preferably in that the cap comprises a maximum height up to the predetermined breaking point of less than 2 mm, more preferably of less than 1 mm and particularly preferably of less than 0.8 mm. 4. The screw according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the screw comprises a shaft, whereby the smallest diameter of the shaft is at most as large as the core diameter of the thread, in particular in that the smallest diameter of the shaft is equivalent to the core diameter of the thread. 5. The screw according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the thread has a self-tapping tip. 6. The screw according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cap has a diameter of 1 to 6 mm, preferably of 2 to 4 mm
and/or in that the diameter of the cap is 1.5 to 5 times, preferably 2 to 4 times the diameter of the shaft and/or core of the thread and/or in that the pitch of the thread is 0.5 to 1.6 mm and/or in that the teeth of the thread are designed to be flat on the outside and/or in that the teeth of the thread are designed appropriately such that the tooth base merges rounded into the tooth flanks and/or in that the screw comprises a centring tip. 7. The screw according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the screw consists of magnesium or of a magnesium alloy, in particular a magnesium alloy containing yttrium, zinc, manganese and/or calcium. 8. The screw according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the screw comprises a coating, in particular a coating made of magnesium fluoride. 9. A screw, in particular a screw according to any one of the preceding claims, whereby the screw consists of a bioresorbable material, whereby the screw comprises a thread for screwing it into the bone, whereby the screw comprises a head with a cap and a drive, whereby the cap comprises a preferably essentially flat contact surface for the implant, whereby a shaft of the screw thickens towards the cap. 10. The screw according to the preceding claim,
characterised in that the shaft comprises a cone-shaped, in particular truncated cone-shaped, section adjacent to the head. 11. The screw according to the preceding claim,
characterised in that the angle of the cone-shaped section becomes steeper in a transition region towards the cap, with respect to a central axis, in particular in that the transition region is designed as a radius. 12. The screw according to the preceding claim,
characterised in that the transition region has a length of 0.5 to 2 mm. 13. The screw according to any one of the claims 9 to 12, characterised in that the screw comprises, below the cap, a cone-shaped section which is at an angle of 20 to 40°, preferably of 35 to 45°, with respect to the central axis of the screw, and/or which has a length of 0.2 to 10 mm, preferably of 0.4 to 0.6 mm. 14. A kit including at least one screw according to any one of the preceding claims and an implant, in particular an implant designed as a sheet-like structure. 15. The kit according to the preceding claim, further comprising a pilot drill, which preferably has approximately the same diameter as the shaft of the screw, and/or an adapter for holding a screw, whereby the adapter comprises a coupling for connection to a handpiece or to a dental drill,
and/or a holder for a plurality of screws. | The invention relates to a screw, which is used specifically in the field of oral dental surgery. The screw consists of a bioresorbable material and comprises a drive that can be broken off by means of a predetermined breaking point and/or has a thickened shaft below the contact surface of a cap of the head of the screw.1. A screw for fixing an implant, whereby the screw consists of a bioresorbable material,
whereby the screw comprises a thread for screwing it into the bone, whereby the screw comprises a head with a cap and a drive, whereby the cap comprises a preferably essentially flat contact surface for the implant, and whereby a predetermined breaking point is present between the drive and the cap. 2. The screw according to the preceding claim,
characterised in that the predetermined breaking point is designed as a constriction, preferably as a constriction whose smallest diameter is smaller than the smallest diameter of the shaft, in particular a constriction comprising a diameter that is 0.70 to 0.99 times, preferably 0.90 to 0.99 times, the diameter of the shaft. 3. The screw according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cap is provided to be plate-shaped, preferably in that the cap comprises a maximum height up to the predetermined breaking point of less than 2 mm, more preferably of less than 1 mm and particularly preferably of less than 0.8 mm. 4. The screw according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the screw comprises a shaft, whereby the smallest diameter of the shaft is at most as large as the core diameter of the thread, in particular in that the smallest diameter of the shaft is equivalent to the core diameter of the thread. 5. The screw according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the thread has a self-tapping tip. 6. The screw according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cap has a diameter of 1 to 6 mm, preferably of 2 to 4 mm
and/or in that the diameter of the cap is 1.5 to 5 times, preferably 2 to 4 times the diameter of the shaft and/or core of the thread and/or in that the pitch of the thread is 0.5 to 1.6 mm and/or in that the teeth of the thread are designed to be flat on the outside and/or in that the teeth of the thread are designed appropriately such that the tooth base merges rounded into the tooth flanks and/or in that the screw comprises a centring tip. 7. The screw according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the screw consists of magnesium or of a magnesium alloy, in particular a magnesium alloy containing yttrium, zinc, manganese and/or calcium. 8. The screw according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the screw comprises a coating, in particular a coating made of magnesium fluoride. 9. A screw, in particular a screw according to any one of the preceding claims, whereby the screw consists of a bioresorbable material, whereby the screw comprises a thread for screwing it into the bone, whereby the screw comprises a head with a cap and a drive, whereby the cap comprises a preferably essentially flat contact surface for the implant, whereby a shaft of the screw thickens towards the cap. 10. The screw according to the preceding claim,
characterised in that the shaft comprises a cone-shaped, in particular truncated cone-shaped, section adjacent to the head. 11. The screw according to the preceding claim,
characterised in that the angle of the cone-shaped section becomes steeper in a transition region towards the cap, with respect to a central axis, in particular in that the transition region is designed as a radius. 12. The screw according to the preceding claim,
characterised in that the transition region has a length of 0.5 to 2 mm. 13. The screw according to any one of the claims 9 to 12, characterised in that the screw comprises, below the cap, a cone-shaped section which is at an angle of 20 to 40°, preferably of 35 to 45°, with respect to the central axis of the screw, and/or which has a length of 0.2 to 10 mm, preferably of 0.4 to 0.6 mm. 14. A kit including at least one screw according to any one of the preceding claims and an implant, in particular an implant designed as a sheet-like structure. 15. The kit according to the preceding claim, further comprising a pilot drill, which preferably has approximately the same diameter as the shaft of the screw, and/or an adapter for holding a screw, whereby the adapter comprises a coupling for connection to a handpiece or to a dental drill,
and/or a holder for a plurality of screws. | 3,600 |
340,636 | 16,642,119 | 3,734 | Disclosed is a combined shade and backpack. The combined shade and backpack includes: a backpack frame configured to come into contact with and be supported on the back part of a user, and adapted such that an accommodation part is fastened thereto; a shade body part including a fixed frame detachably disposed on the upper side of the backpack frame, a folding frame foldably disposed on the fixed frame, and a shade frame disposed to be inclined to the folding frame; stopper members configured to fix a rotated state of the folding frame; a shade cover configured to cover spaces among the fixed frame, the folding frame, and the shade frame; and a rotating fan disposed on the shape frame, and configured to provide forced air blowing to the head part of the user. | 1. A combined shade and backpack comprising:
a backpack frame configured to come into contact with and be supported on a back part of a user, and adapted such that an accommodation part is fastened thereto; a shade body part including a fixed frame detachably disposed on an upper side of the backpack frame, a folding frame foldably disposed on the fixed frame, and a shade frame disposed to be inclined to the folding frame; stopper members configured to fix a rotated state of the folding frame; a shade cover configured to cover spaces among the fixed frame, the folding frame, and the shade frame; and a rotating fan disposed on the shape frame, and configured to provide forced air blowing to a head part of the user. 2. The combined shade and backpack of claim 1, wherein the backpack frame comprises:
a frame body configured to be supported on the back part of the user; and reception parts disposed on the frame body, and configured to detachably receive the fixed frame. 3. The combined shade and backpack of claim 1, further comprising a battery member disposed on the folding frame and configured to provide rotation driving force to the rotating fan. 4. The combined shade and backpack of claim 1, further comprising auxiliary accommodation parts configured to be detachably attached to the backpack frame. 5. The combined shade and backpack of claim 1, wherein:
fastening protrusions protrude from side surfaces of the fixed frame and the folding frame, respectively; and the stopper members are fastening pieces in which fastening holes configured to receive the fastening protrusions are formed in both sides of the fastening pieces in a state in which the folding frame is rotated to the fixed frame. 6. The combined shade and backpack of claim 1, wherein:
extension covers configured to extend to side surfaces of the shade cover are formed on side surfaces of the folding frame; and first sides of edges of the extension covers are detachably fastened to the shade cover attached to the fixed frame by fastening members. 7. The combined shade and backpack of claim 1, further comprising:
a heating pad configured to be attached to a side surface of the backpack frame that comes into contact with and supported on a back part of the user and to generate heat in response to the supply of power; and a power supply unit configured to be fastened to the backpack frame and to supply driving power to the heating pad. | Disclosed is a combined shade and backpack. The combined shade and backpack includes: a backpack frame configured to come into contact with and be supported on the back part of a user, and adapted such that an accommodation part is fastened thereto; a shade body part including a fixed frame detachably disposed on the upper side of the backpack frame, a folding frame foldably disposed on the fixed frame, and a shade frame disposed to be inclined to the folding frame; stopper members configured to fix a rotated state of the folding frame; a shade cover configured to cover spaces among the fixed frame, the folding frame, and the shade frame; and a rotating fan disposed on the shape frame, and configured to provide forced air blowing to the head part of the user.1. A combined shade and backpack comprising:
a backpack frame configured to come into contact with and be supported on a back part of a user, and adapted such that an accommodation part is fastened thereto; a shade body part including a fixed frame detachably disposed on an upper side of the backpack frame, a folding frame foldably disposed on the fixed frame, and a shade frame disposed to be inclined to the folding frame; stopper members configured to fix a rotated state of the folding frame; a shade cover configured to cover spaces among the fixed frame, the folding frame, and the shade frame; and a rotating fan disposed on the shape frame, and configured to provide forced air blowing to a head part of the user. 2. The combined shade and backpack of claim 1, wherein the backpack frame comprises:
a frame body configured to be supported on the back part of the user; and reception parts disposed on the frame body, and configured to detachably receive the fixed frame. 3. The combined shade and backpack of claim 1, further comprising a battery member disposed on the folding frame and configured to provide rotation driving force to the rotating fan. 4. The combined shade and backpack of claim 1, further comprising auxiliary accommodation parts configured to be detachably attached to the backpack frame. 5. The combined shade and backpack of claim 1, wherein:
fastening protrusions protrude from side surfaces of the fixed frame and the folding frame, respectively; and the stopper members are fastening pieces in which fastening holes configured to receive the fastening protrusions are formed in both sides of the fastening pieces in a state in which the folding frame is rotated to the fixed frame. 6. The combined shade and backpack of claim 1, wherein:
extension covers configured to extend to side surfaces of the shade cover are formed on side surfaces of the folding frame; and first sides of edges of the extension covers are detachably fastened to the shade cover attached to the fixed frame by fastening members. 7. The combined shade and backpack of claim 1, further comprising:
a heating pad configured to be attached to a side surface of the backpack frame that comes into contact with and supported on a back part of the user and to generate heat in response to the supply of power; and a power supply unit configured to be fastened to the backpack frame and to supply driving power to the heating pad. | 3,700 |
340,637 | 16,642,088 | 3,734 | The present invention relates to coffins. We describe frameless coffin comprising a coffin body fabricated from a sheet material and a coffin outer sleeve formed from a woven material. The coffin body comprises a base and a continuous wall extending generally perpendicularly from the base. The coffin outer sleeve is baseless. The sheet material is suitably a sheet material formed of a fluted corrugated sheet and one or two flat linerboards. In particular, the sheet material is suitably a fibreboard, paperboard, containerboard or cardboard sheet material, preferably a corrugated fibreboard, paperboard, boxboard or cardboard. Preferably the coffin body comprises at least two layers of the sheet material. | 1. A frameless coffin comprising a coffin body fabricated from a sheet material and a baseless coffin outer sleeve formed from a woven material; wherein the coffin body comprises a base and a wall wherein the wall is a continuous wall and extends generally perpendicularly from the base; wherein the coffin body comprises at least two layers of the sheet material; and further comprising a plurality of handles arranged linearly around at least sides of the coffin, wherein the handles are assembled to pass through the coffin outer sleeve and the coffin body. 2. (canceled) 3. (canceled) 4. (canceled) 5. A coffin as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a coffin lid comprising a woven natural fibrous material. 6. (canceled) 7. A coffin as claimed in claim 1 wherein each sheet material is a sheet material formed of a fluted corrugated sheet and one or two flat linerboards. 8. A coffin as claimed in claim 1 wherein each sheet material is a fibreboard, paperboard, containerboard or cardboard sheet material, preferably a corrugated fibreboard, paperboard, boxboard or cardboard. 9. (canceled) 10. A coffin as claimed in claim 1 wherein the at least two layers of the coffin body are formed of a corrugated material in which the flutes of the corrugations of each layer are offset with respect to the flutes of the corrugations of each adjacent layer. 11. A coffin as claimed in claim 1 wherein the coffin outer sleeve is formed from a woven natural fibrous material. 12. A coffin as claimed in claim 11 wherein the woven natural fibrous material is one or more materials selected from bamboo, banana cord, seagrass, pandanus, willow, water hyacinth, rattan, coco stick, kubu, mendong and wicker; or a fabric or cloth. 13. (canceled) 14. (canceled) 15. A coffin as claimed in claim 1 wherein the coffin body is formed of a blank consisting of a central portion defining a base to the coffin body, and a plurality of flaps extending from the central portion; characterised in the flaps do not include foldable extensions. | The present invention relates to coffins. We describe frameless coffin comprising a coffin body fabricated from a sheet material and a coffin outer sleeve formed from a woven material. The coffin body comprises a base and a continuous wall extending generally perpendicularly from the base. The coffin outer sleeve is baseless. The sheet material is suitably a sheet material formed of a fluted corrugated sheet and one or two flat linerboards. In particular, the sheet material is suitably a fibreboard, paperboard, containerboard or cardboard sheet material, preferably a corrugated fibreboard, paperboard, boxboard or cardboard. Preferably the coffin body comprises at least two layers of the sheet material.1. A frameless coffin comprising a coffin body fabricated from a sheet material and a baseless coffin outer sleeve formed from a woven material; wherein the coffin body comprises a base and a wall wherein the wall is a continuous wall and extends generally perpendicularly from the base; wherein the coffin body comprises at least two layers of the sheet material; and further comprising a plurality of handles arranged linearly around at least sides of the coffin, wherein the handles are assembled to pass through the coffin outer sleeve and the coffin body. 2. (canceled) 3. (canceled) 4. (canceled) 5. A coffin as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a coffin lid comprising a woven natural fibrous material. 6. (canceled) 7. A coffin as claimed in claim 1 wherein each sheet material is a sheet material formed of a fluted corrugated sheet and one or two flat linerboards. 8. A coffin as claimed in claim 1 wherein each sheet material is a fibreboard, paperboard, containerboard or cardboard sheet material, preferably a corrugated fibreboard, paperboard, boxboard or cardboard. 9. (canceled) 10. A coffin as claimed in claim 1 wherein the at least two layers of the coffin body are formed of a corrugated material in which the flutes of the corrugations of each layer are offset with respect to the flutes of the corrugations of each adjacent layer. 11. A coffin as claimed in claim 1 wherein the coffin outer sleeve is formed from a woven natural fibrous material. 12. A coffin as claimed in claim 11 wherein the woven natural fibrous material is one or more materials selected from bamboo, banana cord, seagrass, pandanus, willow, water hyacinth, rattan, coco stick, kubu, mendong and wicker; or a fabric or cloth. 13. (canceled) 14. (canceled) 15. A coffin as claimed in claim 1 wherein the coffin body is formed of a blank consisting of a central portion defining a base to the coffin body, and a plurality of flaps extending from the central portion; characterised in the flaps do not include foldable extensions. | 3,700 |
340,638 | 16,642,071 | 3,734 | The present disclosure relates to processing head (124) for a hair cutting appliance (10), the processing head (124) comprising a powered blade set (26) comprising a stationary blade (42) and a movable blade (62), wherein the movable blade (62) is arranged to be moved with respect to the stationary blade (42) to cut hair between teeth (64) of the movable blade (62) and teeth (44) of the stationary blade (42), a linkage unit (92) supporting the powered blade set (26), wherein the linkage unit (92) enables a contour following pivoting movement of the powered blade set (26) when the appliance (10) is operated to cut hair, and a razor blade (130) that is arranged to be attached to the powered blade set (26) in such a way that the powered blade set (26) and the razor blade (130) are pivotably supported by the linkage unit (92). The present disclosure further relates to a combined blade unit (126) and to a hair cutting appliance (10) that is equipped with a combined blade unit (126). | 1. A processing head for a hair cutting appliance, the processing head comprising:
a powered blade set comprising a stationary blade and a movable blade, wherein the movable blade is arranged to be moved with respect to the stationary blade to cut hair between teeth of the movable blade and teeth of the stationary blade, a linkage unit supporting the powered blade set, wherein the linkage unit enables a contour following pivoting movement of the powered blade set when the appliance is operated to cut hair, and a razor blade that is arranged to be attached to the powered blade set in such a way that the powered blade set and the razor blade are pivotably supported by the linkage unit. 2. The processing head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the razor blade is permanently attached to the powered blade set. 3. The processing head as claimed in claim 2, wherein the razor blade is bonded or molded to the powered blade set. 4. The processing head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the razor blade is removably attached to the powered blade set. 5. The processing head as claimed in claim 4, wherein a snap lock interface is formed between the razor blade and the powered blade set. 6. The processing head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the razor blade is arranged at a top wall of the powered blade set. 7. The processing head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the razor blade is provided with a cutting edge that is parallel to a leading edge of the powered blade set that is defined by tips of the teeth of the stationary blade. 8. The processing head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the linkage unit defines a virtual pivot axis for the powered blade set and the razor blade. 9. The processing head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the linkage unit is a four-bar linkage unit. 10. The processing head as claimed in claim 9, wherein the four-bar linkage unit comprises a first side bar, a second side bar and a top bar, wherein the first side bar and the second side bar are spaced away from one another, wherein the top bar is arranged between a top end of the first side bar and a top end of the second side bar, and wherein a bottom side of the powered blade set is arranged at or forms the top bar. 11. The processing head as claimed in claim 9, wherein at least one hinge of the linkage unit is a formed as a living hinge. 12. The processing head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the razor blade is inclined with respect to the powered blade set in such a way that the processing head is operable to engage the user's skin with the powered blade set and the razor blade simultaneously in one stroke so that preferably first the powered blade set and second the razor blade approaches a particular processing zone to cut hair. 13. The processing head as claimed in claim 1, wherein, at a stroke movement of the processing head, depending on an angular orientation of the processing head, one of the razor blade and the powered blade set contacts the skin in a respective operating orientation. 14. A combined blade unit for a hair cutting appliance, the blade unit comprising:
a powered blade set comprising a stationary blade and a movable blade, wherein the movable blade is arranged to be moved with respect to the stationary blade to cut hair between teeth of the movable blade and teeth of the stationary blade, and a razor blade that is arranged to be attached to the powered blade set in such a way that the powered blade set and the razor blade are pivotably supported by a linkage unit, wherein the razor blade is arranged at a top wall of the powered blade set, wherein a mounting interface is provided at a bottom wall of the powered blade set, and wherein the blade unit is arranged to be coupled with a hair cutting appliance via a linkage unit that pivotably supports the powered blade set and the razor blade. 15. An electrically powered hair cutting appliance, said hair cutting appliance being arranged to be moved through hair in a moving direction to cut hair, said hair cutting appliance comprising a processing head as claimed in claim 1 that is fitted with a combined blade unit comprising a powered blade set and a razor blade. | The present disclosure relates to processing head (124) for a hair cutting appliance (10), the processing head (124) comprising a powered blade set (26) comprising a stationary blade (42) and a movable blade (62), wherein the movable blade (62) is arranged to be moved with respect to the stationary blade (42) to cut hair between teeth (64) of the movable blade (62) and teeth (44) of the stationary blade (42), a linkage unit (92) supporting the powered blade set (26), wherein the linkage unit (92) enables a contour following pivoting movement of the powered blade set (26) when the appliance (10) is operated to cut hair, and a razor blade (130) that is arranged to be attached to the powered blade set (26) in such a way that the powered blade set (26) and the razor blade (130) are pivotably supported by the linkage unit (92). The present disclosure further relates to a combined blade unit (126) and to a hair cutting appliance (10) that is equipped with a combined blade unit (126).1. A processing head for a hair cutting appliance, the processing head comprising:
a powered blade set comprising a stationary blade and a movable blade, wherein the movable blade is arranged to be moved with respect to the stationary blade to cut hair between teeth of the movable blade and teeth of the stationary blade, a linkage unit supporting the powered blade set, wherein the linkage unit enables a contour following pivoting movement of the powered blade set when the appliance is operated to cut hair, and a razor blade that is arranged to be attached to the powered blade set in such a way that the powered blade set and the razor blade are pivotably supported by the linkage unit. 2. The processing head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the razor blade is permanently attached to the powered blade set. 3. The processing head as claimed in claim 2, wherein the razor blade is bonded or molded to the powered blade set. 4. The processing head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the razor blade is removably attached to the powered blade set. 5. The processing head as claimed in claim 4, wherein a snap lock interface is formed between the razor blade and the powered blade set. 6. The processing head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the razor blade is arranged at a top wall of the powered blade set. 7. The processing head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the razor blade is provided with a cutting edge that is parallel to a leading edge of the powered blade set that is defined by tips of the teeth of the stationary blade. 8. The processing head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the linkage unit defines a virtual pivot axis for the powered blade set and the razor blade. 9. The processing head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the linkage unit is a four-bar linkage unit. 10. The processing head as claimed in claim 9, wherein the four-bar linkage unit comprises a first side bar, a second side bar and a top bar, wherein the first side bar and the second side bar are spaced away from one another, wherein the top bar is arranged between a top end of the first side bar and a top end of the second side bar, and wherein a bottom side of the powered blade set is arranged at or forms the top bar. 11. The processing head as claimed in claim 9, wherein at least one hinge of the linkage unit is a formed as a living hinge. 12. The processing head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the razor blade is inclined with respect to the powered blade set in such a way that the processing head is operable to engage the user's skin with the powered blade set and the razor blade simultaneously in one stroke so that preferably first the powered blade set and second the razor blade approaches a particular processing zone to cut hair. 13. The processing head as claimed in claim 1, wherein, at a stroke movement of the processing head, depending on an angular orientation of the processing head, one of the razor blade and the powered blade set contacts the skin in a respective operating orientation. 14. A combined blade unit for a hair cutting appliance, the blade unit comprising:
a powered blade set comprising a stationary blade and a movable blade, wherein the movable blade is arranged to be moved with respect to the stationary blade to cut hair between teeth of the movable blade and teeth of the stationary blade, and a razor blade that is arranged to be attached to the powered blade set in such a way that the powered blade set and the razor blade are pivotably supported by a linkage unit, wherein the razor blade is arranged at a top wall of the powered blade set, wherein a mounting interface is provided at a bottom wall of the powered blade set, and wherein the blade unit is arranged to be coupled with a hair cutting appliance via a linkage unit that pivotably supports the powered blade set and the razor blade. 15. An electrically powered hair cutting appliance, said hair cutting appliance being arranged to be moved through hair in a moving direction to cut hair, said hair cutting appliance comprising a processing head as claimed in claim 1 that is fitted with a combined blade unit comprising a powered blade set and a razor blade. | 3,700 |
340,639 | 16,642,104 | 3,734 | An electronic device according to various embodiments comprises: a display; at least one sensor disposed to be adjacent to the display; a biometric sensor disposed in at least a partial region of the display; and at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor can be set up to receive an input in the at least a partial region from an external object, by using the at least one sensor or the biometric sensor, and to obtain biometrics of the external object by using the biometric sensor on the basis, at least partially, of the input by the external object. Other embodiments are possible. | 1. An electronic device comprising:
a display; at least one sensor disposed adjacent to the display; a biometric sensor disposed in at least some area of the display; and at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor is configured to: receive an input by an external object about the at least some area using the at least one sensor or the biometric sensor; and acquire biometric information of the external object using the biometric sensor, based at least in part on the input by the external object. 2. The electronic device of claim 1,
wherein the at least one processor is configured to acquire the biometric information of the external object using the biometric sensor, when the input by the external object satisfies a designated condition. 3. The electronic device of claim 1,
wherein the at least one processor is configured to transmit a signal for acquiring the biometric information of the external object to the biometric sensor, when the input by the external object satisfies the designated condition. 4. The electronic device of claim 1,
further comprising a display driving circuit configured to drive the display, wherein the at least one processor is configured to transmit a signal for activating pixels corresponding to the at least some area among pixels of the display to the display driving circuit, when the input by the external object satisfies the designated condition. 5. The electronic device of claim 1,
wherein the biometric sensor is configured to acquire the biometric information of the external object, based at least in part on the reception of a signal associated with an operation state of the display. 6. The electronic device of claim 2,
wherein the at least one processor is configured to determine that the designated condition is satisfied when a value representing a pressure of the external object for the at least some area satisfies a designated threshold value or the at least some area is included in a designated area. 7. The electronic device of claim 3,
further comprising a display driving circuit configured to drive the display, wherein the biometric sensor is configured to transmit a signal for activating pixels corresponding to the at least some area among pixels of the display to the display driving circuit, based at least in part of the signal for acquiring the biometric information of the external object. 8. The electronic device of claim 1,
wherein the biometric sensor is configured to transmit a signal for activating the at least one processor to the at least one processor, based at least in part on the input by the external object. 9. The electronic device of claim 1,
wherein the at least one sensor is configured to transmit a signal for activating the biometric sensor to the biometric sensor, based at least in part on the input of the external object. 10. The electronic device of claim 1,
wherein the at least one processor includes a first processor for authenticating the biometric information and a second processor for image-processing the biometric information, and wherein the first processor is configured to transmit a signal for activating the second processor to the second processor when the input by the external object satisfies a designated condition. 11. A non-transitory storage medium storing instructions, the instructions being configured to cause at least one processor to perform at least one operation when executed by the at least one processor, the at least one operation comprises:
receiving an input by an external object for at least some area of a display using at least one sensor disposed adjacent to the display or a biometric sensor disposed in the at least some area of the display; and acquiring biometric information of the external object using the biometric sensor, based at least in part on an input by the external object. 12. The non-transitory storage medium of claim 11,
wherein the acquiring the biometric information of the external object using the biometric sensor comprises transmitting a signal for activating pixels corresponding to the at least some area among pixels of the display to a display driving circuit for driving the display, when the input by the external object satisfies a designated condition. 13. The non-transitory storage medium of claim 11,
wherein the biometric sensor acquires the biometric information of the external object, based at least in part of a signal associated with an operation state of the display. 14. The non-transitory storage medium of claim 12,
wherein the at least one processor determines that the designated condition is satisfied when a value representing a pressure of the external object for the at least some area satisfies a designated threshold value or the at least some area is included in a designated area. 15. The non-transitory storage medium of claim 11,
wherein the acquiring biometric information of the external object using the biometric sensor comprises transmitting a signal for acquiring the biometric information of the external object to the biometric sensor, when the input by the external object satisfies the designated condition, and wherein the biometric sensor transmits a signal for activating the pixels corresponding to the at least some area among the pixels of the display to the display driving circuit for driving the display, based at least in part of the signal for acquiring the biometric information of the external object. | An electronic device according to various embodiments comprises: a display; at least one sensor disposed to be adjacent to the display; a biometric sensor disposed in at least a partial region of the display; and at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor can be set up to receive an input in the at least a partial region from an external object, by using the at least one sensor or the biometric sensor, and to obtain biometrics of the external object by using the biometric sensor on the basis, at least partially, of the input by the external object. Other embodiments are possible.1. An electronic device comprising:
a display; at least one sensor disposed adjacent to the display; a biometric sensor disposed in at least some area of the display; and at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor is configured to: receive an input by an external object about the at least some area using the at least one sensor or the biometric sensor; and acquire biometric information of the external object using the biometric sensor, based at least in part on the input by the external object. 2. The electronic device of claim 1,
wherein the at least one processor is configured to acquire the biometric information of the external object using the biometric sensor, when the input by the external object satisfies a designated condition. 3. The electronic device of claim 1,
wherein the at least one processor is configured to transmit a signal for acquiring the biometric information of the external object to the biometric sensor, when the input by the external object satisfies the designated condition. 4. The electronic device of claim 1,
further comprising a display driving circuit configured to drive the display, wherein the at least one processor is configured to transmit a signal for activating pixels corresponding to the at least some area among pixels of the display to the display driving circuit, when the input by the external object satisfies the designated condition. 5. The electronic device of claim 1,
wherein the biometric sensor is configured to acquire the biometric information of the external object, based at least in part on the reception of a signal associated with an operation state of the display. 6. The electronic device of claim 2,
wherein the at least one processor is configured to determine that the designated condition is satisfied when a value representing a pressure of the external object for the at least some area satisfies a designated threshold value or the at least some area is included in a designated area. 7. The electronic device of claim 3,
further comprising a display driving circuit configured to drive the display, wherein the biometric sensor is configured to transmit a signal for activating pixels corresponding to the at least some area among pixels of the display to the display driving circuit, based at least in part of the signal for acquiring the biometric information of the external object. 8. The electronic device of claim 1,
wherein the biometric sensor is configured to transmit a signal for activating the at least one processor to the at least one processor, based at least in part on the input by the external object. 9. The electronic device of claim 1,
wherein the at least one sensor is configured to transmit a signal for activating the biometric sensor to the biometric sensor, based at least in part on the input of the external object. 10. The electronic device of claim 1,
wherein the at least one processor includes a first processor for authenticating the biometric information and a second processor for image-processing the biometric information, and wherein the first processor is configured to transmit a signal for activating the second processor to the second processor when the input by the external object satisfies a designated condition. 11. A non-transitory storage medium storing instructions, the instructions being configured to cause at least one processor to perform at least one operation when executed by the at least one processor, the at least one operation comprises:
receiving an input by an external object for at least some area of a display using at least one sensor disposed adjacent to the display or a biometric sensor disposed in the at least some area of the display; and acquiring biometric information of the external object using the biometric sensor, based at least in part on an input by the external object. 12. The non-transitory storage medium of claim 11,
wherein the acquiring the biometric information of the external object using the biometric sensor comprises transmitting a signal for activating pixels corresponding to the at least some area among pixels of the display to a display driving circuit for driving the display, when the input by the external object satisfies a designated condition. 13. The non-transitory storage medium of claim 11,
wherein the biometric sensor acquires the biometric information of the external object, based at least in part of a signal associated with an operation state of the display. 14. The non-transitory storage medium of claim 12,
wherein the at least one processor determines that the designated condition is satisfied when a value representing a pressure of the external object for the at least some area satisfies a designated threshold value or the at least some area is included in a designated area. 15. The non-transitory storage medium of claim 11,
wherein the acquiring biometric information of the external object using the biometric sensor comprises transmitting a signal for acquiring the biometric information of the external object to the biometric sensor, when the input by the external object satisfies the designated condition, and wherein the biometric sensor transmits a signal for activating the pixels corresponding to the at least some area among the pixels of the display to the display driving circuit for driving the display, based at least in part of the signal for acquiring the biometric information of the external object. | 3,700 |
340,640 | 16,642,082 | 3,734 | Methods of inducing a safe immune response against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in a human subject in need thereof, including administering to the subject a composition including recombinant adenovirus including a nucleic acid encoding an RSV Fusion (F) protein including the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, in a total dose of from about 1×1010 to about 2×1011 viral particles (vp), are described. | 1. A method of inducing a safe immune response against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in a human subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a composition comprising recombinant adenovirus comprising nucleic acid encoding an RSV Fusion (F) protein comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, in a total dose of from about 1×1010 to about 2×1011 viral particles (vp). 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the compositions comprises recombinant adenovirus comprising nucleic acid encoding an RSV Fusion (F) protein comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, in a total dose of from about 5×10 to about 1×1011 viral particles (vp). 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the immune response comprises the induction of antibodies specifically binding to RSV F protein. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the immune response comprises the induction of RSV neutralizing antibodies. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the immune response comprises the induction of antibodies specific for the RSV F protein in the pre-fusion conformation and antibodies specific for the RSV F protein in the post-fusion conformation, and wherein the geometric mean titer (GMT) increase of antibodies specific for RSV F protein in the pre-fusion conformation is higher than the geometric mean titer (GMT) increase of antibodies specific for RSV F protein in the post-fusion conformation, in enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio between the geometric mean titer (GMT) increase of post-fusion F specific antibodies as measured in ELISA and the geometric mean titer (GMT) increase of neutralizing antibodies as measured in a VNA assay is reduced after administration of said composition as compared to said ratio before administration of said composition. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the immune response further comprises a cellular response as indicated by IFNgamma producing T cells as measured in an IFNy ELISPOT in response to stimulation with a pool of peptides covering the RSV F protein of SEQ ID NO: 1, and/or by measurement of CD4 and CD8 T-cell subsets expressing IFNγ, IL-2 and TNFα by intracellular staining (ICS) after stimulation with a pool of peptides covering the RSV F protein of SEQ ID NO: 1. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the subject is a human of 60 years or older. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the nucleic acid encoding the RSV F protein comprises the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2. 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the recombinant adenovirus is a human adenovirus. 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the adenovirus is of serotype 26 or 35. | Methods of inducing a safe immune response against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in a human subject in need thereof, including administering to the subject a composition including recombinant adenovirus including a nucleic acid encoding an RSV Fusion (F) protein including the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, in a total dose of from about 1×1010 to about 2×1011 viral particles (vp), are described.1. A method of inducing a safe immune response against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in a human subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a composition comprising recombinant adenovirus comprising nucleic acid encoding an RSV Fusion (F) protein comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, in a total dose of from about 1×1010 to about 2×1011 viral particles (vp). 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the compositions comprises recombinant adenovirus comprising nucleic acid encoding an RSV Fusion (F) protein comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, in a total dose of from about 5×10 to about 1×1011 viral particles (vp). 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the immune response comprises the induction of antibodies specifically binding to RSV F protein. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the immune response comprises the induction of RSV neutralizing antibodies. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the immune response comprises the induction of antibodies specific for the RSV F protein in the pre-fusion conformation and antibodies specific for the RSV F protein in the post-fusion conformation, and wherein the geometric mean titer (GMT) increase of antibodies specific for RSV F protein in the pre-fusion conformation is higher than the geometric mean titer (GMT) increase of antibodies specific for RSV F protein in the post-fusion conformation, in enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio between the geometric mean titer (GMT) increase of post-fusion F specific antibodies as measured in ELISA and the geometric mean titer (GMT) increase of neutralizing antibodies as measured in a VNA assay is reduced after administration of said composition as compared to said ratio before administration of said composition. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the immune response further comprises a cellular response as indicated by IFNgamma producing T cells as measured in an IFNy ELISPOT in response to stimulation with a pool of peptides covering the RSV F protein of SEQ ID NO: 1, and/or by measurement of CD4 and CD8 T-cell subsets expressing IFNγ, IL-2 and TNFα by intracellular staining (ICS) after stimulation with a pool of peptides covering the RSV F protein of SEQ ID NO: 1. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the subject is a human of 60 years or older. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the nucleic acid encoding the RSV F protein comprises the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2. 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the recombinant adenovirus is a human adenovirus. 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the adenovirus is of serotype 26 or 35. | 3,700 |
340,641 | 16,642,083 | 3,734 | The invention concerns a system (100) and a method for estimating the geographic position of a target (1). The method comprises the following steps: detecting a target (1); determining the characteristics of the target (1), which characteristics at least comprise a geographic position (3) and a category of the target; tracking the detected target (1) until at least one certain predetermined criteria is not fulfilled, wherein said criteria is associated to the level of certainty for determining the geographic position (3) of the target (1). The method further comprises determining a first point in time t1 when the predetermined criteria was last fulfilled, wherein, for a second point in time t2 the following step is performed: creating a pattern (2) defining at least one possible geographic position (3) of the target (1), said pattern (2) extends at least partially around the geographic position (3) of the target (1) at t1, wherein the dimension of said pattern (2) is determined based on at least one predetermined parameter. | 1-20. (canceled) 21. A method for estimating the geographic position of a target (1), the method comprises the following steps:
detecting a target (1); determining the characteristics of the target (1), which characteristics at least comprise a geographic position (3) and a category of the target (1); tracking the detected target (1) until at least one certain predetermined criteria is not fulfilled, wherein said criteria is associated to the level of certainty for determining the geographic position of the target (1); determining a first point in time t1 when the predetermined criteria was last fulfilled, wherein, for a second point in time t2 the following step is performed: creating a pattern (2) defining at least one possible geographic position of the target (1), said pattern (2) extends at least partially around the geographic position (3) where the target (1) was determined at the first point in time t1, wherein the dimension of said pattern (2) is determined based on at least one predetermined parameter; calculating a probability of the presence of the target (1) associated with a geographic position in the pattern (2); wherein the method being performed in a system comprising a at least one sensor (300 a-c) arranged to detect a target (1) and at least one sensor (300 a-c) arranged to track the detected target (1) until at least one certain predetermined criteria is not fulfilled; and calculating the probability of the presence of the target is based on the characteristics of the utilized sensor. 22. The method according to claim 21, wherein said predetermined parameter comprises:
the category of the target (1); the characteristics of the surrounding of the geographic position (3) where the target (1) was detected at said first point in time t1; and a time difference between the first point in time t1 and the second point in time t2 for which point in time the pattern (2) is created. 23. The method according to claim 22, wherein said predetermined parameter further comprises:
a level of surveillance of the surrounding of the geographic position (3) of the target (1) at said first point in time t1. 24. The method according to claim 22, wherein the method further comprises the following step:
calculating a probability of the presence of the target (1) associated with each geographic position in the pattern at said second point in time t2. 25. The method according to claim 21, wherein at least one sensor (300 a-c) of a sensor surveillance system (100) is controlled based on the pattern (2). 26. The method according to claim 24, wherein a sensor (300 a-c) of the sensor surveillance system (100), which sensor is able to detect a target (1) in a surrounding of a certain characteristics is controlled to scan said surrounding, at least at said geographic positions where a pattern (2) of a target (1) is present. 27. The method according to claim 21, wherein a route for at least one object is planned based on the created pattern (2). 28. The method according to claim 27, wherein a route for an object is planned in order to minimize the probability of entering a pattern (2) around a target (1), or in order to minimize the probability of being within a certain distance from a target (1), in order to minimize the risk of encountering a target (1). 29. The method according to claim 21, wherein the geographic positions of a pattern (2) for a target (1) are related to a grid. 30. A system (100) for estimating the geographic position (3) of a target (1) wherein said system comprises:
at least one sensor (300 a-c) arranged to detect a target (1); at least one sensor (300 a-c) arranged to track the detected target (1) until at least one certain predetermined criteria is not fulfilled, wherein said criteria is associated to the level of certainty for determining the geographic position of the target (1); and fulfilment determination circuitry (250, 300 a-c) arranged to determine a first point in time t1 when the predetermined criteria was last fulfilled; characteristic determination circuitry (250, 300 a-c) arranged to determine the characteristics of the target (1), which characteristics at least comprises the geographic position (3) and a category of the target, and pattern creation circuitry (250, 300 a-c) arranged to, for a second point in time t2, perform the following step: creating a pattern (2) defining possible geographic positions of the target (1), said pattern (2) extends at least partially around the geographic position where the target (1) was determined at the first point in time t1, wherein the dimension of said pattern (2) is determined based on at least one predetermined parameter; and calculating a probability of the presence of the target (1) associated with a geographic position in the pattern (2) based on the characteristics of the utilized sensor. 31. The system (100) according to claim 30, wherein said predetermined parameter comprises:
the category of the target (1), the characteristics of the surrounding of the geographic position (3) where the target was detected at said first point in time t1 a time difference between the first point in time t1 and the second point in time t2 for which point in time the pattern (2) is created. 32. The system (100) according to claim 31, wherein said predetermined parameter further comprises:
a level of surveillance of the surrounding of the geographic position of the target (1) at said first point in time t1. 33. The system (100) according to claim 32, wherein the system (100) further comprises probability calculator circuitry (250, 300 a-c) arranged to:
calculate a probability of the presence of the target (1) associated with each geographic position in the pattern (2) at said second point in time t2. 34. The system (100) according to claim 31 comprising sensor controlling circuitry (250, 300 a-c) arranged to control at least one sensor (300 a-c) of the system (100) based on the created pattern 2. 35. The system (100) according to claim 34, wherein at least one sensor (300 a-c) able to detect a target (1) in a surrounding of a certain characteristics is controlled to scan said surrounding, at least at said geographic positions where a pattern (2) of a target (1) is present. 36. The system (100) according to claim 30, wherein the system comprises means (250, 300 a-c) arranged to plan a route for at least one object based on the created pattern (2). 37. The system (100) according to claim 36, wherein a route for an object is planned in order to minimize the probability of entering a pattern (2) around a target (1), or in order to minimize the probability of being within a certain distance from a target (1), or in order to minimize the risk of encountering a target (1). 38. The system (100) according to claim 30, wherein the system further comprises means (250, 300 a-c) arranged to relate the geographic positions of a pattern (2) for a target (1) to a grid. 39. A computer program (P) for estimating the geographic position (3) of a target (1), wherein said computer program (P) comprises program code for causing an electronic control unit (250; 500) or a computer (500) connected to the electronic control unit (250; 500) to perform the steps according to according to claim 21. 40. A computer program product containing a program code stored on a computer-readable medium for performing method steps according to claim 21, when said computer program is run on an electronic control unit (250; 500) or a computer (500) connected to the electronic control unit (250; 500). | The invention concerns a system (100) and a method for estimating the geographic position of a target (1). The method comprises the following steps: detecting a target (1); determining the characteristics of the target (1), which characteristics at least comprise a geographic position (3) and a category of the target; tracking the detected target (1) until at least one certain predetermined criteria is not fulfilled, wherein said criteria is associated to the level of certainty for determining the geographic position (3) of the target (1). The method further comprises determining a first point in time t1 when the predetermined criteria was last fulfilled, wherein, for a second point in time t2 the following step is performed: creating a pattern (2) defining at least one possible geographic position (3) of the target (1), said pattern (2) extends at least partially around the geographic position (3) of the target (1) at t1, wherein the dimension of said pattern (2) is determined based on at least one predetermined parameter.1-20. (canceled) 21. A method for estimating the geographic position of a target (1), the method comprises the following steps:
detecting a target (1); determining the characteristics of the target (1), which characteristics at least comprise a geographic position (3) and a category of the target (1); tracking the detected target (1) until at least one certain predetermined criteria is not fulfilled, wherein said criteria is associated to the level of certainty for determining the geographic position of the target (1); determining a first point in time t1 when the predetermined criteria was last fulfilled, wherein, for a second point in time t2 the following step is performed: creating a pattern (2) defining at least one possible geographic position of the target (1), said pattern (2) extends at least partially around the geographic position (3) where the target (1) was determined at the first point in time t1, wherein the dimension of said pattern (2) is determined based on at least one predetermined parameter; calculating a probability of the presence of the target (1) associated with a geographic position in the pattern (2); wherein the method being performed in a system comprising a at least one sensor (300 a-c) arranged to detect a target (1) and at least one sensor (300 a-c) arranged to track the detected target (1) until at least one certain predetermined criteria is not fulfilled; and calculating the probability of the presence of the target is based on the characteristics of the utilized sensor. 22. The method according to claim 21, wherein said predetermined parameter comprises:
the category of the target (1); the characteristics of the surrounding of the geographic position (3) where the target (1) was detected at said first point in time t1; and a time difference between the first point in time t1 and the second point in time t2 for which point in time the pattern (2) is created. 23. The method according to claim 22, wherein said predetermined parameter further comprises:
a level of surveillance of the surrounding of the geographic position (3) of the target (1) at said first point in time t1. 24. The method according to claim 22, wherein the method further comprises the following step:
calculating a probability of the presence of the target (1) associated with each geographic position in the pattern at said second point in time t2. 25. The method according to claim 21, wherein at least one sensor (300 a-c) of a sensor surveillance system (100) is controlled based on the pattern (2). 26. The method according to claim 24, wherein a sensor (300 a-c) of the sensor surveillance system (100), which sensor is able to detect a target (1) in a surrounding of a certain characteristics is controlled to scan said surrounding, at least at said geographic positions where a pattern (2) of a target (1) is present. 27. The method according to claim 21, wherein a route for at least one object is planned based on the created pattern (2). 28. The method according to claim 27, wherein a route for an object is planned in order to minimize the probability of entering a pattern (2) around a target (1), or in order to minimize the probability of being within a certain distance from a target (1), in order to minimize the risk of encountering a target (1). 29. The method according to claim 21, wherein the geographic positions of a pattern (2) for a target (1) are related to a grid. 30. A system (100) for estimating the geographic position (3) of a target (1) wherein said system comprises:
at least one sensor (300 a-c) arranged to detect a target (1); at least one sensor (300 a-c) arranged to track the detected target (1) until at least one certain predetermined criteria is not fulfilled, wherein said criteria is associated to the level of certainty for determining the geographic position of the target (1); and fulfilment determination circuitry (250, 300 a-c) arranged to determine a first point in time t1 when the predetermined criteria was last fulfilled; characteristic determination circuitry (250, 300 a-c) arranged to determine the characteristics of the target (1), which characteristics at least comprises the geographic position (3) and a category of the target, and pattern creation circuitry (250, 300 a-c) arranged to, for a second point in time t2, perform the following step: creating a pattern (2) defining possible geographic positions of the target (1), said pattern (2) extends at least partially around the geographic position where the target (1) was determined at the first point in time t1, wherein the dimension of said pattern (2) is determined based on at least one predetermined parameter; and calculating a probability of the presence of the target (1) associated with a geographic position in the pattern (2) based on the characteristics of the utilized sensor. 31. The system (100) according to claim 30, wherein said predetermined parameter comprises:
the category of the target (1), the characteristics of the surrounding of the geographic position (3) where the target was detected at said first point in time t1 a time difference between the first point in time t1 and the second point in time t2 for which point in time the pattern (2) is created. 32. The system (100) according to claim 31, wherein said predetermined parameter further comprises:
a level of surveillance of the surrounding of the geographic position of the target (1) at said first point in time t1. 33. The system (100) according to claim 32, wherein the system (100) further comprises probability calculator circuitry (250, 300 a-c) arranged to:
calculate a probability of the presence of the target (1) associated with each geographic position in the pattern (2) at said second point in time t2. 34. The system (100) according to claim 31 comprising sensor controlling circuitry (250, 300 a-c) arranged to control at least one sensor (300 a-c) of the system (100) based on the created pattern 2. 35. The system (100) according to claim 34, wherein at least one sensor (300 a-c) able to detect a target (1) in a surrounding of a certain characteristics is controlled to scan said surrounding, at least at said geographic positions where a pattern (2) of a target (1) is present. 36. The system (100) according to claim 30, wherein the system comprises means (250, 300 a-c) arranged to plan a route for at least one object based on the created pattern (2). 37. The system (100) according to claim 36, wherein a route for an object is planned in order to minimize the probability of entering a pattern (2) around a target (1), or in order to minimize the probability of being within a certain distance from a target (1), or in order to minimize the risk of encountering a target (1). 38. The system (100) according to claim 30, wherein the system further comprises means (250, 300 a-c) arranged to relate the geographic positions of a pattern (2) for a target (1) to a grid. 39. A computer program (P) for estimating the geographic position (3) of a target (1), wherein said computer program (P) comprises program code for causing an electronic control unit (250; 500) or a computer (500) connected to the electronic control unit (250; 500) to perform the steps according to according to claim 21. 40. A computer program product containing a program code stored on a computer-readable medium for performing method steps according to claim 21, when said computer program is run on an electronic control unit (250; 500) or a computer (500) connected to the electronic control unit (250; 500). | 3,700 |
340,642 | 16,642,123 | 3,734 | A system, device and method for secure message thread communication is provided. The device comprises a communication interface; a display device; and, a controller configured to: generate, at the display device, a plurality of message threads, the plurality of message threads associated with different incident reports; receive multimedia data for transmission in a first message thread of the plurality of message threads; compare the multimedia data with data from the different incident reports; and when an association is determined between the multimedia data and respective data from an incident report associated with a second message thread, of the plurality of message threads: transmit, using the communication interface, the multimedia data in the second message thread, and not the first message thread. | 1. A device comprising:
a communication interface; a display device; and, a controller configured to:
generate, at the display device, a plurality of message threads, the plurality of message threads associated with different incident reports;
receive multimedia data for transmission in a first message thread of the plurality of message threads;
compare the multimedia data with data from the different incident reports; and when an association is determined between the multimedia data and respective data from an incident report associated with a second message thread, of the plurality of message threads:
transmit, using the communication interface, the multimedia data in the second message thread, and not the first message thread. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of message threads is associated with different target devices, and the controller is further configured to transmit, using the communication interface, the multimedia data in the second message thread and not the first message thread by: transmitting the multimedia data to target devices of the second message thread and not respective target devices of the first message thread. 3. The device of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to:
when the association is determined between the multimedia data and the respective data from the incident report associated with the second message thread, generate, at the display device, an alert of one or more of: a mismatch between the multimedia data and the first message thread; and a match between the multimedia data and the second message thread. 4. The device of claim 3, wherein the alert includes: a first selectable option for transmitting the multimedia data in the first message thread; and a second selectable option for transmitting the multimedia data in the second message thread, wherein the controller is further configured to: transmit, using the communication interface, the multimedia data in the second message thread, and not the first message thread, when a selection of the second selectable option is received. 5. The device of claim 4, wherein the controller is further configured to: transmit, using the communication interface, the multimedia data in the first message thread, and not the second message thread, when a selection of the first selectable option is received. 6. The device of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to, when the association is determined between the multimedia data and the respective data from the incident report associated with the second message thread: automatically move the multimedia data from the first message thread to the second thread prior to transmitting the multimedia data in the in the second message thread. 7. The device of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to, when the association is determined between the multimedia data and the respective data from the incident report associated with the second message thread: automatically transmit the multimedia data in the in the second message thread. 8. The device of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to determine the association between the multimedia data and the respective data from the incident report associated with the second message thread by: determining a match between the multimedia data and the respective data from the incident report associated with the second message thread. 9. The device of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to receive the multimedia data from one or more of: an input device; the incident report associated with the second message thread; and a database. 10. The device of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to:
monitor a plurality of message thread streams associated with different dispatcher terminals at a computer aided dispatch; and compile a timeline of related message threads from the plurality of message thread streams. 11. A method comprising:
generating, using a controller, at a display device in communication with the controller, a plurality of message threads, the plurality of message threads associated with different incident reports; receiving, at the controller, multimedia data for transmission in a first message thread of the plurality of message threads; comparing, at the controller, the multimedia data with data from the different incident reports; and when an association is determined between the multimedia data and respective data from an incident report associated with a second message thread, of the plurality of message threads: transmitting, from the controller, using a communication interface in communication with the controller, the multimedia data in the second message thread, and not the first message thread. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein each of the plurality of message threads is associated with different target devices, and wherein the method further comprises: transmitting, from the controller, using the communication interface, the multimedia data in the second message thread and not the first message thread by: transmitting the multimedia data to target devices of the second message thread and not respective target devices of the first message thread. 13. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
when the association is determined between the multimedia data and the respective data from the incident report associated with the second message thread, generating, using the controller, at the display device, an alert of one or more of: a mismatch between the multimedia data and the first message thread; and a match between the multimedia data and the second message thread. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the alert includes: a first selectable option for transmitting the multimedia data in the first message thread; and a second selectable option for transmitting the multimedia data in the second message thread, and wherein the method further comprises: transmitting, from the controller, using the communication interface, the multimedia data in the second message thread, and not the first message thread, when a selection of the second selectable option is received. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising: transmitting, from the controller, using the communication interface, the multimedia data in the first message thread, and not the second message thread, when a selection of the first selectable option is received. 16. The method of claim 11, further comprising: when the association is determined between the multimedia data and the respective data from the incident report associated with the second message thread: automatically moving, at the controller, the multimedia data from the first message thread to the second thread prior to transmitting the multimedia data in the in the second message thread. 17. The method of claim 11, further comprising: when the association is determined between the multimedia data and the respective data from the incident report associated with the second message thread: automatically transmitting, from the controller, using the communication interface, the multimedia data in the in the second message thread. 18. The method of claim 11, further comprising: determining, at the controller, the association between the multimedia data and the respective data from the incident report associated with the second message thread by: determining a match between the multimedia data and the respective data from the incident report associated with the second message thread. 19. The method of claim 11, further comprising: receiving, at the controller, the multimedia data from one or more of: an input device; the incident report associated with the second message thread; and a database. 20. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
monitoring, at the controller, a plurality of message thread streams associated with different dispatcher terminals at a computer aided dispatch; and | A system, device and method for secure message thread communication is provided. The device comprises a communication interface; a display device; and, a controller configured to: generate, at the display device, a plurality of message threads, the plurality of message threads associated with different incident reports; receive multimedia data for transmission in a first message thread of the plurality of message threads; compare the multimedia data with data from the different incident reports; and when an association is determined between the multimedia data and respective data from an incident report associated with a second message thread, of the plurality of message threads: transmit, using the communication interface, the multimedia data in the second message thread, and not the first message thread.1. A device comprising:
a communication interface; a display device; and, a controller configured to:
generate, at the display device, a plurality of message threads, the plurality of message threads associated with different incident reports;
receive multimedia data for transmission in a first message thread of the plurality of message threads;
compare the multimedia data with data from the different incident reports; and when an association is determined between the multimedia data and respective data from an incident report associated with a second message thread, of the plurality of message threads:
transmit, using the communication interface, the multimedia data in the second message thread, and not the first message thread. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of message threads is associated with different target devices, and the controller is further configured to transmit, using the communication interface, the multimedia data in the second message thread and not the first message thread by: transmitting the multimedia data to target devices of the second message thread and not respective target devices of the first message thread. 3. The device of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to:
when the association is determined between the multimedia data and the respective data from the incident report associated with the second message thread, generate, at the display device, an alert of one or more of: a mismatch between the multimedia data and the first message thread; and a match between the multimedia data and the second message thread. 4. The device of claim 3, wherein the alert includes: a first selectable option for transmitting the multimedia data in the first message thread; and a second selectable option for transmitting the multimedia data in the second message thread, wherein the controller is further configured to: transmit, using the communication interface, the multimedia data in the second message thread, and not the first message thread, when a selection of the second selectable option is received. 5. The device of claim 4, wherein the controller is further configured to: transmit, using the communication interface, the multimedia data in the first message thread, and not the second message thread, when a selection of the first selectable option is received. 6. The device of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to, when the association is determined between the multimedia data and the respective data from the incident report associated with the second message thread: automatically move the multimedia data from the first message thread to the second thread prior to transmitting the multimedia data in the in the second message thread. 7. The device of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to, when the association is determined between the multimedia data and the respective data from the incident report associated with the second message thread: automatically transmit the multimedia data in the in the second message thread. 8. The device of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to determine the association between the multimedia data and the respective data from the incident report associated with the second message thread by: determining a match between the multimedia data and the respective data from the incident report associated with the second message thread. 9. The device of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to receive the multimedia data from one or more of: an input device; the incident report associated with the second message thread; and a database. 10. The device of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to:
monitor a plurality of message thread streams associated with different dispatcher terminals at a computer aided dispatch; and compile a timeline of related message threads from the plurality of message thread streams. 11. A method comprising:
generating, using a controller, at a display device in communication with the controller, a plurality of message threads, the plurality of message threads associated with different incident reports; receiving, at the controller, multimedia data for transmission in a first message thread of the plurality of message threads; comparing, at the controller, the multimedia data with data from the different incident reports; and when an association is determined between the multimedia data and respective data from an incident report associated with a second message thread, of the plurality of message threads: transmitting, from the controller, using a communication interface in communication with the controller, the multimedia data in the second message thread, and not the first message thread. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein each of the plurality of message threads is associated with different target devices, and wherein the method further comprises: transmitting, from the controller, using the communication interface, the multimedia data in the second message thread and not the first message thread by: transmitting the multimedia data to target devices of the second message thread and not respective target devices of the first message thread. 13. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
when the association is determined between the multimedia data and the respective data from the incident report associated with the second message thread, generating, using the controller, at the display device, an alert of one or more of: a mismatch between the multimedia data and the first message thread; and a match between the multimedia data and the second message thread. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the alert includes: a first selectable option for transmitting the multimedia data in the first message thread; and a second selectable option for transmitting the multimedia data in the second message thread, and wherein the method further comprises: transmitting, from the controller, using the communication interface, the multimedia data in the second message thread, and not the first message thread, when a selection of the second selectable option is received. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising: transmitting, from the controller, using the communication interface, the multimedia data in the first message thread, and not the second message thread, when a selection of the first selectable option is received. 16. The method of claim 11, further comprising: when the association is determined between the multimedia data and the respective data from the incident report associated with the second message thread: automatically moving, at the controller, the multimedia data from the first message thread to the second thread prior to transmitting the multimedia data in the in the second message thread. 17. The method of claim 11, further comprising: when the association is determined between the multimedia data and the respective data from the incident report associated with the second message thread: automatically transmitting, from the controller, using the communication interface, the multimedia data in the in the second message thread. 18. The method of claim 11, further comprising: determining, at the controller, the association between the multimedia data and the respective data from the incident report associated with the second message thread by: determining a match between the multimedia data and the respective data from the incident report associated with the second message thread. 19. The method of claim 11, further comprising: receiving, at the controller, the multimedia data from one or more of: an input device; the incident report associated with the second message thread; and a database. 20. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
monitoring, at the controller, a plurality of message thread streams associated with different dispatcher terminals at a computer aided dispatch; and | 3,700 |
340,643 | 16,642,097 | 3,734 | There is provided a reticulated reflective article, having a longitudinal direction and a width direction, comprising: a plurality of strands of a reflective material attached to one another at bridging regions in the reflective material and separable from one another between the bridging regions to provide openings in the reflective material, wherein the openings are expandable in at least one direction to provide a variably expandable area, and wherein the reflective materials comprises a reflective major surface and a non-reflective major surface, wherein each of the openings has a longitudinal dimension, a width dimension, and each of the plurality of strands has a thickness, and wherein the reticulated reflective article is expandable in at least both of the longitudinal direction and the width direction. There is also provided a reticulated reflective article, wherein the reticulated reflective article is expandable in at least two directions. | 1. A reticulated reflective article, comprising:
a plurality of strands of a reflective material attached to one another at bridging regions in the reflective material and separable from one another between the bridging regions to provide openings in the reflective material, wherein the openings are expandable to provide a variably expandable area, and wherein the reflective materials comprises a reflective major surface and a non-reflective major surface, wherein each of the openings has a longitudinal dimension, a width dimension, and each of the plurality of strands has a thickness, and wherein the reticulated reflective article is expandable in at least both of a longitudinal direction and a width direction. 2. The article of claim 1, wherein the article provides a first reflective brightness when separated into a first width dimension between the plurality of strands of reflective material and a second reflective brightness when separated into a second width dimension between the plurality of strands of reflective material. 3. The article of claim 2, wherein the reduction in brightness between the first reflective brightness and the second reflective brightness is from at least about 10% reduction in brightness to about a 90% reduction in brightness, wherein both brightnesses are determined according to ASTM E810-03 (2013) when performed on unwashed reticulated reflective articles. 4. The article of claim 2, wherein the change in open area from the first width dimension to the second width dimension is at least 20%, the reduction in brightness between the first reflective brightness and the second reflective brightness is from at least 25% reduction in brightness to about a 90% reduction in brightness, wherein both brightnesses are determined according to ASTM E810-03 (2013) when performed on unwashed reticulated reflective articles, and further wherein the reticulated reflective article has a permeability of at least 5.5 cm/s. 5. The article of claim 2, wherein the article provides a first reflective brightness when separated into a first width dimension between the plurality of strands of reflective material having an adhesive layer disposed thereon and a second reflective brightness when separated into a second width dimension between the plurality of strands of reflective material having an adhesive layer disposed thereon. 6. The article of claim 3, and wherein the first width dimension is less than the second width dimension. 7. The article of claim 6, wherein the first reflective brightness is higher than the second reflective brightness. 8. The article of claim 1, wherein non-reflective regions comprise at least 25% of the total surface area of the reflective material. 9. The article of claim 1, wherein non-reflective regions comprise at least 50% of the total surface area of the reflective material. 10. The article of claim 1, further comprising a carrier tape adhered to the reflective major surface of the reflective material. 11. The article of claim 1 further comprising an adhesive layer disposed on one of the major surfaces of the reflective material, wherein the adhesive layer is separable into a plurality of strands disposed on the plurality of strands of the reflective material. 12. The article of claim 2, further comprising a substrate disposed on a major surface of the adhesive layer opposite the reticulated reflective article. 13. The article of claim 12, wherein the substrate is elastomeric. 14. The article of claim 12, wherein the article has a first brightness when it is in a non-expanded form and a second brightness when it is in an expanded form. 15. The article of claim 12, wherein the article has a first permeability when it is in a non-expanded form and a second permeability when it is in an expanded form. 16. The article of claim 1, wherein the reflective material is selected from at least one of optical films, microprismatic film and microsphere films. 17. A reticulated reflective article, having a longitudinal direction and a width direction, and comprises:
a plurality of regions of a reflective material separable from one another to provide openings in the reflective material, wherein the reflective materials comprises a reflective major surface and a non-reflective major surface, wherein each of the openings has a longitudinal dimension, and a width dimension, and wherein the reticulated reflective article is expandable in at least two directions. 18. The article of claim 17 further comprising a multitude of the plurality of regions extending radially from a common intersection. 19. The article of claim 17, wherein the article provides a first reflective brightness when separated into a first width dimension between the plurality of regions of reflective material and a second reflective brightness when separated into a second width dimension between the plurality of regions of reflective material. 20. The article of claim 19, wherein the reduction in brightness between the first reflective brightness and the second reflective brightness is from about 10% reduction in brightness to about a 90% reduction in brightness, wherein both brightnesses are determined according to ASTM E810-03 (2013) when performed on unwashed reticulated reflective articles. 21-34. (canceled) | There is provided a reticulated reflective article, having a longitudinal direction and a width direction, comprising: a plurality of strands of a reflective material attached to one another at bridging regions in the reflective material and separable from one another between the bridging regions to provide openings in the reflective material, wherein the openings are expandable in at least one direction to provide a variably expandable area, and wherein the reflective materials comprises a reflective major surface and a non-reflective major surface, wherein each of the openings has a longitudinal dimension, a width dimension, and each of the plurality of strands has a thickness, and wherein the reticulated reflective article is expandable in at least both of the longitudinal direction and the width direction. There is also provided a reticulated reflective article, wherein the reticulated reflective article is expandable in at least two directions.1. A reticulated reflective article, comprising:
a plurality of strands of a reflective material attached to one another at bridging regions in the reflective material and separable from one another between the bridging regions to provide openings in the reflective material, wherein the openings are expandable to provide a variably expandable area, and wherein the reflective materials comprises a reflective major surface and a non-reflective major surface, wherein each of the openings has a longitudinal dimension, a width dimension, and each of the plurality of strands has a thickness, and wherein the reticulated reflective article is expandable in at least both of a longitudinal direction and a width direction. 2. The article of claim 1, wherein the article provides a first reflective brightness when separated into a first width dimension between the plurality of strands of reflective material and a second reflective brightness when separated into a second width dimension between the plurality of strands of reflective material. 3. The article of claim 2, wherein the reduction in brightness between the first reflective brightness and the second reflective brightness is from at least about 10% reduction in brightness to about a 90% reduction in brightness, wherein both brightnesses are determined according to ASTM E810-03 (2013) when performed on unwashed reticulated reflective articles. 4. The article of claim 2, wherein the change in open area from the first width dimension to the second width dimension is at least 20%, the reduction in brightness between the first reflective brightness and the second reflective brightness is from at least 25% reduction in brightness to about a 90% reduction in brightness, wherein both brightnesses are determined according to ASTM E810-03 (2013) when performed on unwashed reticulated reflective articles, and further wherein the reticulated reflective article has a permeability of at least 5.5 cm/s. 5. The article of claim 2, wherein the article provides a first reflective brightness when separated into a first width dimension between the plurality of strands of reflective material having an adhesive layer disposed thereon and a second reflective brightness when separated into a second width dimension between the plurality of strands of reflective material having an adhesive layer disposed thereon. 6. The article of claim 3, and wherein the first width dimension is less than the second width dimension. 7. The article of claim 6, wherein the first reflective brightness is higher than the second reflective brightness. 8. The article of claim 1, wherein non-reflective regions comprise at least 25% of the total surface area of the reflective material. 9. The article of claim 1, wherein non-reflective regions comprise at least 50% of the total surface area of the reflective material. 10. The article of claim 1, further comprising a carrier tape adhered to the reflective major surface of the reflective material. 11. The article of claim 1 further comprising an adhesive layer disposed on one of the major surfaces of the reflective material, wherein the adhesive layer is separable into a plurality of strands disposed on the plurality of strands of the reflective material. 12. The article of claim 2, further comprising a substrate disposed on a major surface of the adhesive layer opposite the reticulated reflective article. 13. The article of claim 12, wherein the substrate is elastomeric. 14. The article of claim 12, wherein the article has a first brightness when it is in a non-expanded form and a second brightness when it is in an expanded form. 15. The article of claim 12, wherein the article has a first permeability when it is in a non-expanded form and a second permeability when it is in an expanded form. 16. The article of claim 1, wherein the reflective material is selected from at least one of optical films, microprismatic film and microsphere films. 17. A reticulated reflective article, having a longitudinal direction and a width direction, and comprises:
a plurality of regions of a reflective material separable from one another to provide openings in the reflective material, wherein the reflective materials comprises a reflective major surface and a non-reflective major surface, wherein each of the openings has a longitudinal dimension, and a width dimension, and wherein the reticulated reflective article is expandable in at least two directions. 18. The article of claim 17 further comprising a multitude of the plurality of regions extending radially from a common intersection. 19. The article of claim 17, wherein the article provides a first reflective brightness when separated into a first width dimension between the plurality of regions of reflective material and a second reflective brightness when separated into a second width dimension between the plurality of regions of reflective material. 20. The article of claim 19, wherein the reduction in brightness between the first reflective brightness and the second reflective brightness is from about 10% reduction in brightness to about a 90% reduction in brightness, wherein both brightnesses are determined according to ASTM E810-03 (2013) when performed on unwashed reticulated reflective articles. 21-34. (canceled) | 3,700 |
340,644 | 16,642,114 | 3,734 | Disclosed are an image capturing system and method. In the image capturing system and method, a light path is changed by controlling a reflection angle of a mirror surface using a rotating mirror so that a single camera obtains consecutive images at various angles or at a wide photographing width. | 1. An image capturing system comprising:
a rotating mirror configured to change a path of light input to a camera or allow light to pass therethrough according to a reflection angle of a mirror surface of the rotating mirror attached to a blade rotating about a rotation shaft; a mirror driver configured to rotate the rotating mirror; and the camera configured to obtain an image from light reflected by the rotating mirror or the light passing through the rotating mirror. 2. The image capturing system of claim 1, wherein the rotating mirror includes a blade of which a mirror surface is perpendicular to the rotation shaft, and
when the blade of the rotating mirror reveals the camera by rotating, the light passes therethrough directly, and when the blade of the rotating mirror covers the camera, the light reflected by the rotating mirror is incident on the camera. 3. The image capturing system of claim 1, wherein the rotating mirror has a plurality of blades which are stacked with respect to the rotation shaft, and the rotation shaft is connected in the form of a universal joint such that the rotation shaft is perpendicular to a mirror surface of each of the blades, and each of the blades is rotated by being attached to each of nodes of the rotation shaft. 4. The image capturing system of claim 1, further comprising a controller configured to synchronize a rotational speed of the rotating mirror with a frame rate of the camera to rotate the rotating mirror such that the camera obtains a direct pass image or a mirror reflection image every frame and configured to synchronize a phase of the rotating mirror with a shutter of the camera. 5. The image capturing system of claim 1, wherein, upon the rotation of the rotating mirror, when the mirror surface of the rotating mirror is opened, the camera detects the light passing through the mirror surface of the rotating mirror to obtain a first image of an object and detects the light reflected by the mirror surface of the rotating mirror to obtain a second image of the object so that an angle of a single camera varies. 6. The image capturing system of claim 5, wherein the object includes objects are the same or are different from each other. 7. The image capturing system of claim 1, further comprising a fixed mirror configured to change a path of the light reflected by or passing through the mirror surface of the rotating mirror. 8. The image capturing system of claim 1, wherein the rotating mirror is rotated about the rotation shaft parallel to the mirror surface to adjust the reflection angle. 9. The image capturing system of claim 1, further comprising:
a measuring unit configured to detect at least one of a distance to an object, a position of the object, and a volume of the object to measure the distance to the object; and a controller configured to select a focused light path using the distance measured by the measuring unit and rotate the rotating mirror so as to have a reflection angle forming the selected light path. 10. The image capturing system of claim 1, wherein the camera includes:
a lens; and an image sensor of which a sensor surface, on which an image of an object is formed by the light passing through the lens, is disposed not to be perpendicular to a central axis of the lens and to be inclined. 11. An image capturing method comprising:
rotating a rotating mirror about a rotation shaft; changing a path of light input to a camera or allowing light to pass therethrough according to a reflection angle of a mirror surface of the rotating mirror attached to a blade rotating about the rotation shaft when the rotating mirror rotates; and consecutively obtaining images from light reflected by the rotating mirror or from the light passing through the rotating mirror using the camera. 12. The image capturing method of claim 11, wherein, in the consecutively obtaining, upon the rotation of the rotating mirror, when the mirror surface of the rotating mirror is opened, the camera detects the light passing through the mirror surface of the rotating mirror to obtain a first image of an object and detects the light reflected by the mirror surface of the rotating mirror to obtain a second image of the object. 13. The image capturing method of claim 11, further comprising changing the path of the light reflected by or passing through the mirror surface of the rotating mirror using a fixed mirror. 14. The image capturing method of claim 11, further comprising selecting one or more images which are in focus among the plurality of images obtained consecutively and recognizing an identification mark of an object included in the corresponding image. 15. The image capturing method of claim 11, further comprising measuring a distance to an object,
wherein, in the changing of the path of the light or the allowing of the light to pass therethrough, a light path for obtaining a focused image from the object is selected based on the measured distance. 16. The image capturing method of claim 11, wherein, in the rotating of the rotating mirror about the rotation shaft, a rotational speed of the rotating mirror is synchronized with a frame rate of the camera to rotate the rotating mirror such that the camera obtains a direct pass image or a mirror reflection image every frame. | Disclosed are an image capturing system and method. In the image capturing system and method, a light path is changed by controlling a reflection angle of a mirror surface using a rotating mirror so that a single camera obtains consecutive images at various angles or at a wide photographing width.1. An image capturing system comprising:
a rotating mirror configured to change a path of light input to a camera or allow light to pass therethrough according to a reflection angle of a mirror surface of the rotating mirror attached to a blade rotating about a rotation shaft; a mirror driver configured to rotate the rotating mirror; and the camera configured to obtain an image from light reflected by the rotating mirror or the light passing through the rotating mirror. 2. The image capturing system of claim 1, wherein the rotating mirror includes a blade of which a mirror surface is perpendicular to the rotation shaft, and
when the blade of the rotating mirror reveals the camera by rotating, the light passes therethrough directly, and when the blade of the rotating mirror covers the camera, the light reflected by the rotating mirror is incident on the camera. 3. The image capturing system of claim 1, wherein the rotating mirror has a plurality of blades which are stacked with respect to the rotation shaft, and the rotation shaft is connected in the form of a universal joint such that the rotation shaft is perpendicular to a mirror surface of each of the blades, and each of the blades is rotated by being attached to each of nodes of the rotation shaft. 4. The image capturing system of claim 1, further comprising a controller configured to synchronize a rotational speed of the rotating mirror with a frame rate of the camera to rotate the rotating mirror such that the camera obtains a direct pass image or a mirror reflection image every frame and configured to synchronize a phase of the rotating mirror with a shutter of the camera. 5. The image capturing system of claim 1, wherein, upon the rotation of the rotating mirror, when the mirror surface of the rotating mirror is opened, the camera detects the light passing through the mirror surface of the rotating mirror to obtain a first image of an object and detects the light reflected by the mirror surface of the rotating mirror to obtain a second image of the object so that an angle of a single camera varies. 6. The image capturing system of claim 5, wherein the object includes objects are the same or are different from each other. 7. The image capturing system of claim 1, further comprising a fixed mirror configured to change a path of the light reflected by or passing through the mirror surface of the rotating mirror. 8. The image capturing system of claim 1, wherein the rotating mirror is rotated about the rotation shaft parallel to the mirror surface to adjust the reflection angle. 9. The image capturing system of claim 1, further comprising:
a measuring unit configured to detect at least one of a distance to an object, a position of the object, and a volume of the object to measure the distance to the object; and a controller configured to select a focused light path using the distance measured by the measuring unit and rotate the rotating mirror so as to have a reflection angle forming the selected light path. 10. The image capturing system of claim 1, wherein the camera includes:
a lens; and an image sensor of which a sensor surface, on which an image of an object is formed by the light passing through the lens, is disposed not to be perpendicular to a central axis of the lens and to be inclined. 11. An image capturing method comprising:
rotating a rotating mirror about a rotation shaft; changing a path of light input to a camera or allowing light to pass therethrough according to a reflection angle of a mirror surface of the rotating mirror attached to a blade rotating about the rotation shaft when the rotating mirror rotates; and consecutively obtaining images from light reflected by the rotating mirror or from the light passing through the rotating mirror using the camera. 12. The image capturing method of claim 11, wherein, in the consecutively obtaining, upon the rotation of the rotating mirror, when the mirror surface of the rotating mirror is opened, the camera detects the light passing through the mirror surface of the rotating mirror to obtain a first image of an object and detects the light reflected by the mirror surface of the rotating mirror to obtain a second image of the object. 13. The image capturing method of claim 11, further comprising changing the path of the light reflected by or passing through the mirror surface of the rotating mirror using a fixed mirror. 14. The image capturing method of claim 11, further comprising selecting one or more images which are in focus among the plurality of images obtained consecutively and recognizing an identification mark of an object included in the corresponding image. 15. The image capturing method of claim 11, further comprising measuring a distance to an object,
wherein, in the changing of the path of the light or the allowing of the light to pass therethrough, a light path for obtaining a focused image from the object is selected based on the measured distance. 16. The image capturing method of claim 11, wherein, in the rotating of the rotating mirror about the rotation shaft, a rotational speed of the rotating mirror is synchronized with a frame rate of the camera to rotate the rotating mirror such that the camera obtains a direct pass image or a mirror reflection image every frame. | 3,700 |
340,645 | 16,642,125 | 3,734 | An automatic ticket examination system that enables tapless passage or an entry/exit system is achieved without a malfunction. According to the disclosure, there is provided a gate apparatus including: a positioning unit that measures positions of a plurality of wireless communication terminals; and an authentication unit that performs authentication for determining whether or not each of the wireless communication terminals is permitted to pass through a gate on the basis of each of the positions of each of the wireless communication terminals which have been measured by the positioning unit. With this configuration, the automatic ticket examination system that enables tapless passage or the entry/exit system can be achieved without a malfunction. | 1. A gate apparatus comprising:
a positioning unit that measures positions of a plurality of wireless communication terminals; and an authentication unit that performs authentication for determining whether or not each of the wireless communication terminals is permitted to pass through a gate on a basis of each of the positions of each of the wireless communication terminals which have been measured by the positioning unit. 2. The gate apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the positioning unit measures a position of each of the wireless communication terminals by positioning technology using pulse communication. 3. The gate apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the authentication unit performs the authentication in a case where each of the wireless communication terminals is positioned in a predetermined range. 4. The gate apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising
a plurality of wireless communication apparatuses disposed at different positions, the wireless communication apparatuses communicating with each of the wireless communication terminals for the positioning and the authentication, wherein the positioning unit measures a position of each of the wireless communication terminals on a basis of a period of time from transmission of a positioning command to each of the wireless communication terminals to reception of a response from each of the wireless communication terminals to the positioning command. 5. The gate apparatus according to claim 4,
wherein the positioning unit includes a first positioning unit that measures a position of each of the wireless communication terminals on a basis of one positioning command that has been transmitted by each of the plurality of wireless communication apparatuses to each of the wireless communication terminals and the response to the one positioning command, and a second positioning unit that measures a position of each of the wireless communication terminals on a basis of a plurality of the positioning commands that has been transmitted by each of the plurality of wireless communication apparatuses to each of the wireless communication terminals and a plurality of the responses to the plurality of positioning commands, and the second positioning unit performs positioning for each of the wireless communication terminals which have been measured to be positioned in a predetermined range by the first positioning unit. 6. The gate apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the second positioning unit fixes a slot for receiving the response at a time of receiving the responses to the plurality of positioning commands. 7. The gate apparatus according to claim 5,
wherein the plurality of wireless communication apparatuses acquires an identifier from each of the wireless communication terminals by transmitting an identifier acquisition command for acquiring the identifier for identifying each of the wireless communication terminals to each of the wireless communication terminals before the positioning unit measures a position of each of the wireless communication terminals, and transmits the identifier and timing information at a time of receiving the response together with the positioning command at a time when the first positioning unit measures a position of each of the wireless communication terminals. 8. The gate apparatus according to claim 7, wherein each of the plurality of wireless communication apparatuses transmits different pieces of timing information to each of the wireless communication terminals at a time when the first positioning unit measures a position of each of the wireless communication terminals. 9. The gate apparatus according to claim 7, wherein each of the wireless communication terminals that has received the identifier and the timing information together with the positioning command transmits the response on a basis of the received timing information in a case where the received identifier matches an identifier of each of the wireless communication terminals. 10. The gate apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a selection unit that selects each of the wireless communication apparatuses configured to perform the authentication from the plurality of wireless communication apparatuses on a basis of information that has been obtained at a time of demodulating information, the latter information having been received from each of the wireless communication terminals at a time of measuring a position of each of the wireless communication terminals for authentication to be performed by the authentication unit. 11. The gate apparatus according to claim 7,
wherein the plurality of wireless communication apparatuses performs demodulation at a time of receiving the response or the identifier, an error detection unit that detects an error of the response is further provided, and the response in which no error has been detected among the responses is determined as a final response. 12. The gate apparatus according to claim 7, wherein state transition is performed to each of the wireless communication terminals that has responded to the positioning command so that each of the wireless communication terminals does not respond to the identifier acquisition command transmitted from each of the wireless communication apparatuses for a certain period of time. 13. The gate apparatus according to claim 12, wherein a state transition restoring command is transmitted, the state transition restoring command restoring each of the wireless communication terminals that has been subject to the state transition from the state transition. 14. The gate apparatus according to claim 7, wherein, in a case where the identifier in the identifier acquisition command corresponds to each of the wireless communication terminals, each of the wireless communication terminals does not respond to the identifier acquisition command. 15. The gate apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the identifier is added to the positioning command only for a certain period of time, and the positioning command is transmitted to each of the wireless communication terminals. 16. The gate apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein a first command related to the gate and a second command not related to the gate are provided as positioning commands for measuring a position of each of the wireless communication terminals, and each of the wireless communication terminals responds to the first command by giving a higher priority to the first command than to the second command. 17. The gate apparatus according to claim 1, wherein positioning at the positioning unit or authentication at the authentication unit is not performed while a person holding each of the wireless communication terminals passes through the gate on a basis of information obtained by a sensor that detects a person after authentication at the authentication unit is performed. 18. The gate apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, in a case where each of the wireless communication terminals is authenticated, communication with another terminal separately held by a person who holds each of the wireless communication terminals is deactivated. 19. The gate apparatus according to claim 1, wherein communication for the authentication is started by using a fact that each of the wireless communication terminals enters a specific range outside the gate as a trigger. 20. A method in a gate apparatus, comprising:
measuring positions of a plurality of wireless communication terminals; and performing authentication for determining whether or not each of the wireless communication terminals is permitted to pass through a gate on a basis of each of the positions of each of the wireless communication terminals which have been measured. | An automatic ticket examination system that enables tapless passage or an entry/exit system is achieved without a malfunction. According to the disclosure, there is provided a gate apparatus including: a positioning unit that measures positions of a plurality of wireless communication terminals; and an authentication unit that performs authentication for determining whether or not each of the wireless communication terminals is permitted to pass through a gate on the basis of each of the positions of each of the wireless communication terminals which have been measured by the positioning unit. With this configuration, the automatic ticket examination system that enables tapless passage or the entry/exit system can be achieved without a malfunction.1. A gate apparatus comprising:
a positioning unit that measures positions of a plurality of wireless communication terminals; and an authentication unit that performs authentication for determining whether or not each of the wireless communication terminals is permitted to pass through a gate on a basis of each of the positions of each of the wireless communication terminals which have been measured by the positioning unit. 2. The gate apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the positioning unit measures a position of each of the wireless communication terminals by positioning technology using pulse communication. 3. The gate apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the authentication unit performs the authentication in a case where each of the wireless communication terminals is positioned in a predetermined range. 4. The gate apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising
a plurality of wireless communication apparatuses disposed at different positions, the wireless communication apparatuses communicating with each of the wireless communication terminals for the positioning and the authentication, wherein the positioning unit measures a position of each of the wireless communication terminals on a basis of a period of time from transmission of a positioning command to each of the wireless communication terminals to reception of a response from each of the wireless communication terminals to the positioning command. 5. The gate apparatus according to claim 4,
wherein the positioning unit includes a first positioning unit that measures a position of each of the wireless communication terminals on a basis of one positioning command that has been transmitted by each of the plurality of wireless communication apparatuses to each of the wireless communication terminals and the response to the one positioning command, and a second positioning unit that measures a position of each of the wireless communication terminals on a basis of a plurality of the positioning commands that has been transmitted by each of the plurality of wireless communication apparatuses to each of the wireless communication terminals and a plurality of the responses to the plurality of positioning commands, and the second positioning unit performs positioning for each of the wireless communication terminals which have been measured to be positioned in a predetermined range by the first positioning unit. 6. The gate apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the second positioning unit fixes a slot for receiving the response at a time of receiving the responses to the plurality of positioning commands. 7. The gate apparatus according to claim 5,
wherein the plurality of wireless communication apparatuses acquires an identifier from each of the wireless communication terminals by transmitting an identifier acquisition command for acquiring the identifier for identifying each of the wireless communication terminals to each of the wireless communication terminals before the positioning unit measures a position of each of the wireless communication terminals, and transmits the identifier and timing information at a time of receiving the response together with the positioning command at a time when the first positioning unit measures a position of each of the wireless communication terminals. 8. The gate apparatus according to claim 7, wherein each of the plurality of wireless communication apparatuses transmits different pieces of timing information to each of the wireless communication terminals at a time when the first positioning unit measures a position of each of the wireless communication terminals. 9. The gate apparatus according to claim 7, wherein each of the wireless communication terminals that has received the identifier and the timing information together with the positioning command transmits the response on a basis of the received timing information in a case where the received identifier matches an identifier of each of the wireless communication terminals. 10. The gate apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a selection unit that selects each of the wireless communication apparatuses configured to perform the authentication from the plurality of wireless communication apparatuses on a basis of information that has been obtained at a time of demodulating information, the latter information having been received from each of the wireless communication terminals at a time of measuring a position of each of the wireless communication terminals for authentication to be performed by the authentication unit. 11. The gate apparatus according to claim 7,
wherein the plurality of wireless communication apparatuses performs demodulation at a time of receiving the response or the identifier, an error detection unit that detects an error of the response is further provided, and the response in which no error has been detected among the responses is determined as a final response. 12. The gate apparatus according to claim 7, wherein state transition is performed to each of the wireless communication terminals that has responded to the positioning command so that each of the wireless communication terminals does not respond to the identifier acquisition command transmitted from each of the wireless communication apparatuses for a certain period of time. 13. The gate apparatus according to claim 12, wherein a state transition restoring command is transmitted, the state transition restoring command restoring each of the wireless communication terminals that has been subject to the state transition from the state transition. 14. The gate apparatus according to claim 7, wherein, in a case where the identifier in the identifier acquisition command corresponds to each of the wireless communication terminals, each of the wireless communication terminals does not respond to the identifier acquisition command. 15. The gate apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the identifier is added to the positioning command only for a certain period of time, and the positioning command is transmitted to each of the wireless communication terminals. 16. The gate apparatus according to claim 1,
wherein a first command related to the gate and a second command not related to the gate are provided as positioning commands for measuring a position of each of the wireless communication terminals, and each of the wireless communication terminals responds to the first command by giving a higher priority to the first command than to the second command. 17. The gate apparatus according to claim 1, wherein positioning at the positioning unit or authentication at the authentication unit is not performed while a person holding each of the wireless communication terminals passes through the gate on a basis of information obtained by a sensor that detects a person after authentication at the authentication unit is performed. 18. The gate apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, in a case where each of the wireless communication terminals is authenticated, communication with another terminal separately held by a person who holds each of the wireless communication terminals is deactivated. 19. The gate apparatus according to claim 1, wherein communication for the authentication is started by using a fact that each of the wireless communication terminals enters a specific range outside the gate as a trigger. 20. A method in a gate apparatus, comprising:
measuring positions of a plurality of wireless communication terminals; and performing authentication for determining whether or not each of the wireless communication terminals is permitted to pass through a gate on a basis of each of the positions of each of the wireless communication terminals which have been measured. | 3,700 |
340,646 | 16,642,108 | 3,734 | Disclosed are: an intermediate capable of high-purity synthesis of gadobutrol which can be used as an MRI contrast agent; and a gadobutrol production method using same. The gadobutrol intermediate is represented by Chemical Formula 2 in the specification. | 1. A gadobutrol intermediate represented by the following Chemical Formula 2: 2. A gadobutrol intermediate production method comprising:
reacting 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane with a lithium-halogen salt to produce a cyclen-lithium halogen complex, followed by reaction with 4,4-dimethyl-3,5,8-trioxabicyclo[5,1,0]octane to obtain N-(6-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxyphen-5-yl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-lithium halogen complex represented by the following Chemical Formula 1; and reacting the lithium halogen complex represented by Chemical Formula 1 with hydrochloric acid to obtain a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 2: 3. The gadobutrol intermediate production method of claim 2, wherein an amount of hydrochloric acid used is 4.0 to 4.2 equivalents based on the lithium halogen complex represented by Chemical Formula 1. 4. The gadobutrol intermediate production method of claim 2, further comprising:
filtering a reactant of the lithium halogen complex represented by Chemical Formula 1 and the hydrochloric acid to obtain the gadobutrol intermediate represented by Chemical Formula 2 in a crystalline form. 5. A gadobutrol production method comprising:
alkylating a gadobutrol intermediate represented by the following Chemical Formula 2 with chloroacetic acid to obtain a butrol represented by the following Chemical Formula 3; and reacting the butrol represented by Chemical Formula 3 with gadolinium oxide: 6. The gadobutrol production method of claim 5, further comprising:
purifying a reactant of the gadobutrol intermediate and chloroacetic acid by filtering a salt and a water-soluble low-molecular material corresponding to 100 to 300 daltons using a nanofiltration system. | Disclosed are: an intermediate capable of high-purity synthesis of gadobutrol which can be used as an MRI contrast agent; and a gadobutrol production method using same. The gadobutrol intermediate is represented by Chemical Formula 2 in the specification.1. A gadobutrol intermediate represented by the following Chemical Formula 2: 2. A gadobutrol intermediate production method comprising:
reacting 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane with a lithium-halogen salt to produce a cyclen-lithium halogen complex, followed by reaction with 4,4-dimethyl-3,5,8-trioxabicyclo[5,1,0]octane to obtain N-(6-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxyphen-5-yl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-lithium halogen complex represented by the following Chemical Formula 1; and reacting the lithium halogen complex represented by Chemical Formula 1 with hydrochloric acid to obtain a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 2: 3. The gadobutrol intermediate production method of claim 2, wherein an amount of hydrochloric acid used is 4.0 to 4.2 equivalents based on the lithium halogen complex represented by Chemical Formula 1. 4. The gadobutrol intermediate production method of claim 2, further comprising:
filtering a reactant of the lithium halogen complex represented by Chemical Formula 1 and the hydrochloric acid to obtain the gadobutrol intermediate represented by Chemical Formula 2 in a crystalline form. 5. A gadobutrol production method comprising:
alkylating a gadobutrol intermediate represented by the following Chemical Formula 2 with chloroacetic acid to obtain a butrol represented by the following Chemical Formula 3; and reacting the butrol represented by Chemical Formula 3 with gadolinium oxide: 6. The gadobutrol production method of claim 5, further comprising:
purifying a reactant of the gadobutrol intermediate and chloroacetic acid by filtering a salt and a water-soluble low-molecular material corresponding to 100 to 300 daltons using a nanofiltration system. | 3,700 |
340,647 | 16,642,121 | 3,734 | The present invention provides Sarcopoterium spinosum (S. spinosum) extracts for use in preventing, treating and/or reducing the risk of developing fatty liver disease in a subject, compositions comprising the extracts, and methods for using them. | 1-21. (canceled) 22. A method for treating, preventing, and/or reducing the risk of developing, fatty liver disease in a subject, comprising administering to said subject a therapeutically effective amount of a Sarcopoterium spinosum extract (SSE). 23. The method according to claim 22, wherein the fatty liver disease is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). 24. The method according to claim 22, wherein the fatty liver disease is non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). 25. The method according to claim 22, wherein the subject does not have diabetes. 26. The method according to claim 22, wherein said treating comprises reducing at least one symptom of fatty liver disease, selected from intrahepatic triglyceride content, lobar inflammation, hepatocellular ballooning, hepatic fibrosis, hepatic steatosis, and cirrhosis. 27. The method according to claim 22, wherein the SSE is an extract from the root of S. spinosum. 28. The method according to claim 22, wherein the SSE is in liquid form. 29. The method according to claim 22, wherein the SSE is in a dry form, such as powder, a tablet or a capsule. 30. The method according to claim 22, comprising the step of obtaining the SSE by boiling a desired Sarcopoterium spinosum plant part in water, filtering, and optionally lyophilizing 31. The method of claim 22, wherein the SSE is comprised in a pharmaceutical composition. 32. The method of claim 22, wherein the SSE is comprised in a nutraceutical composition. 33. The method of claim 32, wherein the nutraceutical composition further comprises other nutritional or dietary supplements and/or one or more excipients that may be pharmaceutically acceptable or nutraceutical carriers, diluents, adjuvants, excipients, or vehicles. 34. The method of claim 33, wherein the nutraceutical composition is formulated for oral administration in the form of a tablet, a capsule, a pill, lozenge or syrup. | The present invention provides Sarcopoterium spinosum (S. spinosum) extracts for use in preventing, treating and/or reducing the risk of developing fatty liver disease in a subject, compositions comprising the extracts, and methods for using them.1-21. (canceled) 22. A method for treating, preventing, and/or reducing the risk of developing, fatty liver disease in a subject, comprising administering to said subject a therapeutically effective amount of a Sarcopoterium spinosum extract (SSE). 23. The method according to claim 22, wherein the fatty liver disease is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). 24. The method according to claim 22, wherein the fatty liver disease is non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). 25. The method according to claim 22, wherein the subject does not have diabetes. 26. The method according to claim 22, wherein said treating comprises reducing at least one symptom of fatty liver disease, selected from intrahepatic triglyceride content, lobar inflammation, hepatocellular ballooning, hepatic fibrosis, hepatic steatosis, and cirrhosis. 27. The method according to claim 22, wherein the SSE is an extract from the root of S. spinosum. 28. The method according to claim 22, wherein the SSE is in liquid form. 29. The method according to claim 22, wherein the SSE is in a dry form, such as powder, a tablet or a capsule. 30. The method according to claim 22, comprising the step of obtaining the SSE by boiling a desired Sarcopoterium spinosum plant part in water, filtering, and optionally lyophilizing 31. The method of claim 22, wherein the SSE is comprised in a pharmaceutical composition. 32. The method of claim 22, wherein the SSE is comprised in a nutraceutical composition. 33. The method of claim 32, wherein the nutraceutical composition further comprises other nutritional or dietary supplements and/or one or more excipients that may be pharmaceutically acceptable or nutraceutical carriers, diluents, adjuvants, excipients, or vehicles. 34. The method of claim 33, wherein the nutraceutical composition is formulated for oral administration in the form of a tablet, a capsule, a pill, lozenge or syrup. | 3,700 |
340,648 | 16,642,112 | 2,654 | A display control device includes a control unit that displays a sound pressure level distribution of predetermined sound data and a recordable range corresponding to a quantization bit depth during recording of the sound data on a display unit. | 1. A display control device comprising
a control unit that displays a sound pressure level distribution of predetermined sound data and a recordable range corresponding to a quantization bit depth during recording of the sound data on a display unit. 2. The display control device according to claim 1, wherein
the control unit acquires the sound pressure level distribution. 3. The display control device according to claim 2, wherein
the control unit resets and reacquires the sound pressure level distribution depending on predetermined processing. 4. The display control device according to claim 1, wherein
the sound pressure level distribution indicates frequency of occurrence of peak levels per unit time of sound data. 5. The display control device according to claim 4, wherein
the control unit displays the frequency of occurrence of the peak using a color or graphed. 6. The display control device according to claim 1, wherein
the control unit displays the sound pressure level distribution and the recordable range at respective positions close to each other. 7. The display control device according to claim 6, wherein
the control unit displays another recordable range corresponding to a higher quantization bit depth than the quantization bit depth to cause the other recordable range to be superimposed on the recordable range. 8. The display control device according to claim 1, wherein
the control unit displays information regarding a compressor on the display unit. 9. The display control device according to claim 8, wherein
the information regarding the compressor includes at least information regarding an operation start point of the compressor. 10. The display control device according to claim 8, wherein
the control unit displays the recordable range and the information regarding the compressor with a figure whose shape changes. 11. The display control device according to claim 1, wherein
the control unit displays the recordable range with a rectangular frame. 12. The display control device according to claim 11, wherein
facing sides of the frame correspond to a full scale and a noise floor, respectively. 13. The display control device according to claim 11, wherein
the control unit displays information regarding a compressor in the frame. 14. The display control device according to claim 1, further comprising
a recording unit that records sound data corresponding to an inside of the recording range. 15. The display control device according to claim 1, further comprising
the display unit. 16. A display control method comprising
displaying a sound pressure level distribution of predetermined sound data and a recordable range corresponding to a quantization bit depth during recording of the sound data on a display unit, by a control unit. 17. A program causing a computer to execute a display control method including
displaying a sound pressure level distribution of predetermined sound data and a recordable range corresponding to a quantization bit depth during recording of the sound data on a display unit, by a control unit. | A display control device includes a control unit that displays a sound pressure level distribution of predetermined sound data and a recordable range corresponding to a quantization bit depth during recording of the sound data on a display unit.1. A display control device comprising
a control unit that displays a sound pressure level distribution of predetermined sound data and a recordable range corresponding to a quantization bit depth during recording of the sound data on a display unit. 2. The display control device according to claim 1, wherein
the control unit acquires the sound pressure level distribution. 3. The display control device according to claim 2, wherein
the control unit resets and reacquires the sound pressure level distribution depending on predetermined processing. 4. The display control device according to claim 1, wherein
the sound pressure level distribution indicates frequency of occurrence of peak levels per unit time of sound data. 5. The display control device according to claim 4, wherein
the control unit displays the frequency of occurrence of the peak using a color or graphed. 6. The display control device according to claim 1, wherein
the control unit displays the sound pressure level distribution and the recordable range at respective positions close to each other. 7. The display control device according to claim 6, wherein
the control unit displays another recordable range corresponding to a higher quantization bit depth than the quantization bit depth to cause the other recordable range to be superimposed on the recordable range. 8. The display control device according to claim 1, wherein
the control unit displays information regarding a compressor on the display unit. 9. The display control device according to claim 8, wherein
the information regarding the compressor includes at least information regarding an operation start point of the compressor. 10. The display control device according to claim 8, wherein
the control unit displays the recordable range and the information regarding the compressor with a figure whose shape changes. 11. The display control device according to claim 1, wherein
the control unit displays the recordable range with a rectangular frame. 12. The display control device according to claim 11, wherein
facing sides of the frame correspond to a full scale and a noise floor, respectively. 13. The display control device according to claim 11, wherein
the control unit displays information regarding a compressor in the frame. 14. The display control device according to claim 1, further comprising
a recording unit that records sound data corresponding to an inside of the recording range. 15. The display control device according to claim 1, further comprising
the display unit. 16. A display control method comprising
displaying a sound pressure level distribution of predetermined sound data and a recordable range corresponding to a quantization bit depth during recording of the sound data on a display unit, by a control unit. 17. A program causing a computer to execute a display control method including
displaying a sound pressure level distribution of predetermined sound data and a recordable range corresponding to a quantization bit depth during recording of the sound data on a display unit, by a control unit. | 2,600 |
340,649 | 16,642,111 | 2,654 | An example audio/visual (A/V) headset device comprises an actuator to transmit signals corresponding to a first non-verbal command to a processor of the A/V headset device. In response to the signals corresponding to the first non-verbal command, the processor to convert the first non-verbal command to a second non-verbal command. The processor is also to transmit the second non-verbal command to a computing device. | 1. An audio/visual (A/V) headset device comprising:
an actuator to transmit signals corresponding to a first non-verbal command to a processor of the A/V headset device; in response to the signals corresponding to the first non-verbal command, the processor to:
convert the first non-verbal command to a second non-verbal command; and
transmit the second non-verbal command to a computing device. 2. The A/V headset device of claim 1, wherein the first non-verbal command comprises actuation of the actuator. 3. The A/V headset device of claim 2, wherein the second non-verbal command comprises a keyboard keypress. 4. The A/V headset device of claim 3, wherein the keyboard keypress comprises a combination of keypresses. 5. The A/V headset device of claim 1, wherein the A/V headset device is connected to the computing device via a wired connection. 6. The A/V headset device of claim 5, wherein the wired connection comprises a universal serial bus (USB) connection. 7. The A/V headset device of claim 1, wherein the A/V headset device is connected to the computing device via a wireless connection. 8. An audio/visual (A/V) headset device comprising:
an actuator; and a processor, the processor to:
responsive to actuation of the actuator, convert a first signal corresponding to a first non-verbal command to a second signal corresponding to a second non-verbal command, wherein the second signal represents a keyboard keypress. 9. The A/V headset device of claim 8, wherein conversion of the first signal to the second signal is based on a mapping of the keyboard keypress to actuation of the actuator. 10. The A/V headset device of claim 9, wherein the processor is further to change the mapping responsive to signals from a computing device connected to the A/V headset device. 11. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising instructions that when executed by a processor of a computing device are to cause the computing device to:
receive a signal corresponding to a keyboard keypress from an audio/visual (A/V) device; and mute audio output signals, audio input signals, or a combination thereof of a computer executable program running on the computing device. 12. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 11, further comprising instructions that when executed by the processor of the computing device are to cause the computing device to:
determine default audio output devices, audio input devices, or a combination thereof of the computing device. 13. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 12, wherein muting of audio output signals, audio input signals, or the combination thereof is based on the determined default audio output devices, audio input devices, or the combination thereof. 14. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 11, further comprising instructions that when executed by the processor of the computing device are to cause the computing device to:
receive signals corresponding to a mapping of an actuator of the A/V device to the keyboard keypress; and transmit signals corresponding to an updated mapping to the A/V device. 15. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 11, further comprising instructions that when executed by the processor of the computing device are to cause the computing device to:
recognize the A/V device a two distinct devices. | An example audio/visual (A/V) headset device comprises an actuator to transmit signals corresponding to a first non-verbal command to a processor of the A/V headset device. In response to the signals corresponding to the first non-verbal command, the processor to convert the first non-verbal command to a second non-verbal command. The processor is also to transmit the second non-verbal command to a computing device.1. An audio/visual (A/V) headset device comprising:
an actuator to transmit signals corresponding to a first non-verbal command to a processor of the A/V headset device; in response to the signals corresponding to the first non-verbal command, the processor to:
convert the first non-verbal command to a second non-verbal command; and
transmit the second non-verbal command to a computing device. 2. The A/V headset device of claim 1, wherein the first non-verbal command comprises actuation of the actuator. 3. The A/V headset device of claim 2, wherein the second non-verbal command comprises a keyboard keypress. 4. The A/V headset device of claim 3, wherein the keyboard keypress comprises a combination of keypresses. 5. The A/V headset device of claim 1, wherein the A/V headset device is connected to the computing device via a wired connection. 6. The A/V headset device of claim 5, wherein the wired connection comprises a universal serial bus (USB) connection. 7. The A/V headset device of claim 1, wherein the A/V headset device is connected to the computing device via a wireless connection. 8. An audio/visual (A/V) headset device comprising:
an actuator; and a processor, the processor to:
responsive to actuation of the actuator, convert a first signal corresponding to a first non-verbal command to a second signal corresponding to a second non-verbal command, wherein the second signal represents a keyboard keypress. 9. The A/V headset device of claim 8, wherein conversion of the first signal to the second signal is based on a mapping of the keyboard keypress to actuation of the actuator. 10. The A/V headset device of claim 9, wherein the processor is further to change the mapping responsive to signals from a computing device connected to the A/V headset device. 11. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising instructions that when executed by a processor of a computing device are to cause the computing device to:
receive a signal corresponding to a keyboard keypress from an audio/visual (A/V) device; and mute audio output signals, audio input signals, or a combination thereof of a computer executable program running on the computing device. 12. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 11, further comprising instructions that when executed by the processor of the computing device are to cause the computing device to:
determine default audio output devices, audio input devices, or a combination thereof of the computing device. 13. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 12, wherein muting of audio output signals, audio input signals, or the combination thereof is based on the determined default audio output devices, audio input devices, or the combination thereof. 14. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 11, further comprising instructions that when executed by the processor of the computing device are to cause the computing device to:
receive signals corresponding to a mapping of an actuator of the A/V device to the keyboard keypress; and transmit signals corresponding to an updated mapping to the A/V device. 15. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 11, further comprising instructions that when executed by the processor of the computing device are to cause the computing device to:
recognize the A/V device a two distinct devices. | 2,600 |
340,650 | 16,642,100 | 2,654 | A method of making a turbine airfoil includes generating an airfoil core (14) that includes a core exit along an extended portion (28) of the trailing edge (32) outside of the airfoil part geometry. Float points (12) are positioned along the extended portion (28) of the airfoil core (14). Each float point (12) includes a float feature (34) that includes a localized radially straight surface (42) extending out and creating a gap (18) between the airfoil core (14) and the mold shell (16). | 1. A method for making a turbine airfoil, comprising:
generating a mold shell (16); generating an airfoil core (14) comprising a pressure side (38) and suction side (40) that are connected by the trailing edge (32) and a leading edge (30), a radially outward tip end (22) and a radially inward root end (20), and a core exit along an extended portion (28) of the trailing edge (32) outside of the airfoil part geometry; and positioning float points (12) along the extended portion (28) of the airfoil core (14), wherein each float point (12) includes a float feature (34) that includes a localized radially straight surface (42) extending out and creating a gap (18) between the airfoil core (14) and the mold shell (16). 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the floats (12) are along both the pressure side (38) and suction side (40) of the airfoil core trailing edge extended portion (28). 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the floats (12) are along one of the pressure side (38) or suction side (40) of the airfoil core trailing edge extended portion (28). 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the airfoil core (14) includes a curved trailing edge (32) in a radial direction (R). 5. A method for making a turbine airfoil, comprising:
generating a mold shell (16); generating an airfoil core (14) comprising a pressure side (38) and suction side (40) that are connected by the trailing edge (32) and a leading edge (30), a radially outward tip end (22) and a radially inward root end (20), and a core exit along an extended portion (28) of the trailing edge (32) outside of the airfoil part geometry; positioning float points (12) along the extended portion (28) of the airfoil core (14), wherein each float point (12) includes a float feature (34) that includes localized radially straight surface (42) extending out and creating a gap (18) between the airfoil core (14) and the mold shell (16); introducing molten metal alloy into the gap and surrounding the floats points;
solidifying the alloy to form an airfoil casting having a plurality of float point openings (44) at the extended portion (28) location;
removing the mold shell (16) so as to expose the airfoil (46); and
sealing the plurality of float point openings (44) in the airfoil (46). 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the floats (12) are along both the pressure side (38) and suction side (40) of the airfoil core trailing edge extended portion (28). 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the floats (12) are along one of the pressure side (38) or suction side (40) of the airfoil core trailing edge extended portion (28). 8. The method of claim 5, wherein the airfoil core (14) includes a curved trailing edge (32) in a radial direction (R). | A method of making a turbine airfoil includes generating an airfoil core (14) that includes a core exit along an extended portion (28) of the trailing edge (32) outside of the airfoil part geometry. Float points (12) are positioned along the extended portion (28) of the airfoil core (14). Each float point (12) includes a float feature (34) that includes a localized radially straight surface (42) extending out and creating a gap (18) between the airfoil core (14) and the mold shell (16).1. A method for making a turbine airfoil, comprising:
generating a mold shell (16); generating an airfoil core (14) comprising a pressure side (38) and suction side (40) that are connected by the trailing edge (32) and a leading edge (30), a radially outward tip end (22) and a radially inward root end (20), and a core exit along an extended portion (28) of the trailing edge (32) outside of the airfoil part geometry; and positioning float points (12) along the extended portion (28) of the airfoil core (14), wherein each float point (12) includes a float feature (34) that includes a localized radially straight surface (42) extending out and creating a gap (18) between the airfoil core (14) and the mold shell (16). 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the floats (12) are along both the pressure side (38) and suction side (40) of the airfoil core trailing edge extended portion (28). 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the floats (12) are along one of the pressure side (38) or suction side (40) of the airfoil core trailing edge extended portion (28). 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the airfoil core (14) includes a curved trailing edge (32) in a radial direction (R). 5. A method for making a turbine airfoil, comprising:
generating a mold shell (16); generating an airfoil core (14) comprising a pressure side (38) and suction side (40) that are connected by the trailing edge (32) and a leading edge (30), a radially outward tip end (22) and a radially inward root end (20), and a core exit along an extended portion (28) of the trailing edge (32) outside of the airfoil part geometry; positioning float points (12) along the extended portion (28) of the airfoil core (14), wherein each float point (12) includes a float feature (34) that includes localized radially straight surface (42) extending out and creating a gap (18) between the airfoil core (14) and the mold shell (16); introducing molten metal alloy into the gap and surrounding the floats points;
solidifying the alloy to form an airfoil casting having a plurality of float point openings (44) at the extended portion (28) location;
removing the mold shell (16) so as to expose the airfoil (46); and
sealing the plurality of float point openings (44) in the airfoil (46). 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the floats (12) are along both the pressure side (38) and suction side (40) of the airfoil core trailing edge extended portion (28). 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the floats (12) are along one of the pressure side (38) or suction side (40) of the airfoil core trailing edge extended portion (28). 8. The method of claim 5, wherein the airfoil core (14) includes a curved trailing edge (32) in a radial direction (R). | 2,600 |
340,651 | 16,642,085 | 2,654 | An air-conditioning apparatus includes a main circuit in which a compressor, a load side heat exchanger, a first pressure reducing device, and a plurality of parallel heat exchangers connected in parallel with each other are connected by pipes, a bypass pipe diverting a portion of refrigerant discharged by the compressor, a flow switching unit connecting a parallel heat exchanger to be defrosted to the bypass pipe, a plurality of flow rate control devices controlling flow rates of refrigerant flowing through the plurality of parallel heat exchangers, and a controller which controls, in the heating-defrosting operation mode or in the heating operation mode after execution of the heating-defrosting operation mode, the flow rate control devices to control, in accordance with a frost state of a parallel heat exchanger functioning as an evaporator among the plurality of parallel heat exchangers, the flow rate of refrigerant flowing through the parallel heat exchanger. | 1. An air-conditioning apparatus comprising:
a main circuit in which a compressor, a load side heat exchanger, a first pressure reducing device, and a plurality of parallel heat exchangers connected in parallel with each other are connected by pipes and through which refrigerant circulates; a bypass pipe diverting a portion of refrigerant discharged by the compressor; a flow switching unit connecting, from among the plurality of parallel heat exchangers, a parallel heat exchanger to be defrosted to the bypass pipe; a plurality of flow rate control devices connected to the plurality of parallel heat exchangers and controlling flow rates of refrigerant flowing through the plurality of parallel heat exchangers; and a controller being configured to control the flow switching unit and the plurality of flow rate control devices, the air-conditioning apparatus being configured to operate in a heating operation mode for causing the plurality of parallel heat exchangers to function as an evaporator, and a heating-defrosting operation mode for causing one or more of the plurality of parallel heat exchangers to function as a target to be defrosted and for causing an other parallel heat exchanger to function as an evaporator, wherein the number of the plurality of flow rate control devices is smaller than the number of the plurality of parallel heat exchangers, and at least one of the flow rate control devices is connected to two or more of the parallel heat exchangers, and the controller is configured to control in the heating-defrosting operation mode or in the heating operation mode after execution of the heating-defrosting operation mode, the flow rate control devices to control, in accordance with a frost state of the parallel heat exchanger functioning as an evaporator from among the plurality of parallel heat exchangers, the flow rate of refrigerant flowing through the parallel heat exchanger. 2. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the controller is configured to control the flow control devices such that the smaller an amount of frost formed, the higher the flow rate of refrigerant flowing into the parallel heat exchanger functioning as an evaporator from among the plurality of parallel heat exchangers is. 3. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 2, wherein
the controller is configured to in the heating-defrosting operation mode or the heating operation mode, determine a magnitude relationship among amounts of frost formed on two or more of the parallel heat exchangers functioning as an evaporator, in an order of defrosting performed in the heating-defrosting operation mode, and regarding the flow rates of refrigerant flowing into the respective two or more parallel heat exchangers, control the flow rate control devices such that the latter the order is, the higher the flow rate of refrigerant is. 4. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a detection device for detecting a value for determining frost states of two or more parallel heat exchangers functioning as an evaporator from among the plurality of parallel heat exchangers, wherein, regarding the flow rates of refrigerant flowing into the two or more parallel heat exchangers, the controller controls, in accordance with the frost states determined using the value detected by the detection device, the flow rate control devices such that the smaller an amount of frost formed, the higher the flow rate of refrigerant is. 5. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 4, wherein
the detection device includes a first pressure detector for detecting a pressure of refrigerant of the parallel heat exchanger functioning as an evaporator from among the plurality of parallel heat exchangers, and a temperature detector for detecting a temperature of refrigerant downstream of the parallel heat exchanger functioning as an evaporator from among the plurality of parallel heat exchangers. 6. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 5, wherein
the controller is configured to determine the frost states using a degree of superheat of refrigerant calculated from a refrigerant saturation temperature calculated from the pressure of refrigerant detected by the first pressure detector and the temperature of refrigerant detected by the temperature detector, and determine that the lower the degree of superheat of refrigerant, the larger the amount of frost formed, and the higher the degree of superheat of refrigerant, the smaller the amount of frost formed. 7. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 4, wherein
when switching from the heating operation mode to the heating-defrosting operation mode is performed, the controller changes, in accordance with the frost state of the parallel heat exchanger functioning as an evaporator from among the plurality of parallel heat exchangers, a flow resistance of the flow rate control device connected to the parallel heat exchanger. 8. (canceled) 9. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 5, wherein
in a case where the two or more of the parallel heat exchangers connected to the at least one of the flow rate control devices function as evaporators, the temperature detector, which is a single temperature detector, is installed downstream of the two or more of the parallel heat exchangers and at a position for detecting temperatures of refrigerant of the two or more of the parallel heat exchangers. 10. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a second pressure reducing device reducing, in a case one or both of the two or more of the parallel heat exchangers connected to the at least one of the flow rate control devices are selected to be defrosted, a pressure of refrigerant flowing out from the parallel heat exchanger or exchangers to be defrosted, the second pressure reducing device being provided downstream of the two or more of the parallel heat exchangers. 11. (canceled) 12. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 10, further comprising: a third pressure reducing device provided at the bypass pipe and reducing a pressure of refrigerant flowing into the bypass pipe. 13. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to
calculate a heating load in a case where the load side heat exchanger functions as a condenser, and change, in accordance with the heating load, a number of parallel heat exchangers to be defrosted from among the plurality of parallel heat exchangers in the heating-defrosting operation mode. 14. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
an outside air temperature detector for detecting outside air temperature, wherein the controller is configured to change, in accordance with the outside air temperature, a number of parallel heat exchangers to be defrosted from among the plurality of parallel heat exchangers in the heating-defrosting operation mode. 15. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 1, comprising:
an injection pipe diverting a portion of refrigerant flowing from the first pressure reducing device to the flow rate control devices and causing the portion of refrigerant to flow into the compressor; a fourth pressure reducing device provided at the injection pipe; and a second pressure detector for detecting a pressure of refrigerant at a branching portion of the injection pipe, wherein the controller is configured to determine, in the heating-defrosting operation mode or in the heating operation mode after execution of the heating-defrosting operation mode, a total flow resistance obtained by totalizing all flow resistances of the flow rate control devices connected to parallel heat exchangers functioning as an evaporator from among the plurality of parallel heat exchangers so that the pressure detected by the second pressure detector is a predetermined value, and controls, while satisfying the determined total flow resistance, each of the flow rate control devices to control the flow rates of refrigerant flowing through the parallel heat exchangers in accordance with frost states of the parallel heat exchangers. | An air-conditioning apparatus includes a main circuit in which a compressor, a load side heat exchanger, a first pressure reducing device, and a plurality of parallel heat exchangers connected in parallel with each other are connected by pipes, a bypass pipe diverting a portion of refrigerant discharged by the compressor, a flow switching unit connecting a parallel heat exchanger to be defrosted to the bypass pipe, a plurality of flow rate control devices controlling flow rates of refrigerant flowing through the plurality of parallel heat exchangers, and a controller which controls, in the heating-defrosting operation mode or in the heating operation mode after execution of the heating-defrosting operation mode, the flow rate control devices to control, in accordance with a frost state of a parallel heat exchanger functioning as an evaporator among the plurality of parallel heat exchangers, the flow rate of refrigerant flowing through the parallel heat exchanger.1. An air-conditioning apparatus comprising:
a main circuit in which a compressor, a load side heat exchanger, a first pressure reducing device, and a plurality of parallel heat exchangers connected in parallel with each other are connected by pipes and through which refrigerant circulates; a bypass pipe diverting a portion of refrigerant discharged by the compressor; a flow switching unit connecting, from among the plurality of parallel heat exchangers, a parallel heat exchanger to be defrosted to the bypass pipe; a plurality of flow rate control devices connected to the plurality of parallel heat exchangers and controlling flow rates of refrigerant flowing through the plurality of parallel heat exchangers; and a controller being configured to control the flow switching unit and the plurality of flow rate control devices, the air-conditioning apparatus being configured to operate in a heating operation mode for causing the plurality of parallel heat exchangers to function as an evaporator, and a heating-defrosting operation mode for causing one or more of the plurality of parallel heat exchangers to function as a target to be defrosted and for causing an other parallel heat exchanger to function as an evaporator, wherein the number of the plurality of flow rate control devices is smaller than the number of the plurality of parallel heat exchangers, and at least one of the flow rate control devices is connected to two or more of the parallel heat exchangers, and the controller is configured to control in the heating-defrosting operation mode or in the heating operation mode after execution of the heating-defrosting operation mode, the flow rate control devices to control, in accordance with a frost state of the parallel heat exchanger functioning as an evaporator from among the plurality of parallel heat exchangers, the flow rate of refrigerant flowing through the parallel heat exchanger. 2. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the controller is configured to control the flow control devices such that the smaller an amount of frost formed, the higher the flow rate of refrigerant flowing into the parallel heat exchanger functioning as an evaporator from among the plurality of parallel heat exchangers is. 3. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 2, wherein
the controller is configured to in the heating-defrosting operation mode or the heating operation mode, determine a magnitude relationship among amounts of frost formed on two or more of the parallel heat exchangers functioning as an evaporator, in an order of defrosting performed in the heating-defrosting operation mode, and regarding the flow rates of refrigerant flowing into the respective two or more parallel heat exchangers, control the flow rate control devices such that the latter the order is, the higher the flow rate of refrigerant is. 4. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
a detection device for detecting a value for determining frost states of two or more parallel heat exchangers functioning as an evaporator from among the plurality of parallel heat exchangers, wherein, regarding the flow rates of refrigerant flowing into the two or more parallel heat exchangers, the controller controls, in accordance with the frost states determined using the value detected by the detection device, the flow rate control devices such that the smaller an amount of frost formed, the higher the flow rate of refrigerant is. 5. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 4, wherein
the detection device includes a first pressure detector for detecting a pressure of refrigerant of the parallel heat exchanger functioning as an evaporator from among the plurality of parallel heat exchangers, and a temperature detector for detecting a temperature of refrigerant downstream of the parallel heat exchanger functioning as an evaporator from among the plurality of parallel heat exchangers. 6. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 5, wherein
the controller is configured to determine the frost states using a degree of superheat of refrigerant calculated from a refrigerant saturation temperature calculated from the pressure of refrigerant detected by the first pressure detector and the temperature of refrigerant detected by the temperature detector, and determine that the lower the degree of superheat of refrigerant, the larger the amount of frost formed, and the higher the degree of superheat of refrigerant, the smaller the amount of frost formed. 7. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 4, wherein
when switching from the heating operation mode to the heating-defrosting operation mode is performed, the controller changes, in accordance with the frost state of the parallel heat exchanger functioning as an evaporator from among the plurality of parallel heat exchangers, a flow resistance of the flow rate control device connected to the parallel heat exchanger. 8. (canceled) 9. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 5, wherein
in a case where the two or more of the parallel heat exchangers connected to the at least one of the flow rate control devices function as evaporators, the temperature detector, which is a single temperature detector, is installed downstream of the two or more of the parallel heat exchangers and at a position for detecting temperatures of refrigerant of the two or more of the parallel heat exchangers. 10. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a second pressure reducing device reducing, in a case one or both of the two or more of the parallel heat exchangers connected to the at least one of the flow rate control devices are selected to be defrosted, a pressure of refrigerant flowing out from the parallel heat exchanger or exchangers to be defrosted, the second pressure reducing device being provided downstream of the two or more of the parallel heat exchangers. 11. (canceled) 12. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 10, further comprising: a third pressure reducing device provided at the bypass pipe and reducing a pressure of refrigerant flowing into the bypass pipe. 13. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to
calculate a heating load in a case where the load side heat exchanger functions as a condenser, and change, in accordance with the heating load, a number of parallel heat exchangers to be defrosted from among the plurality of parallel heat exchangers in the heating-defrosting operation mode. 14. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
an outside air temperature detector for detecting outside air temperature, wherein the controller is configured to change, in accordance with the outside air temperature, a number of parallel heat exchangers to be defrosted from among the plurality of parallel heat exchangers in the heating-defrosting operation mode. 15. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 1, comprising:
an injection pipe diverting a portion of refrigerant flowing from the first pressure reducing device to the flow rate control devices and causing the portion of refrigerant to flow into the compressor; a fourth pressure reducing device provided at the injection pipe; and a second pressure detector for detecting a pressure of refrigerant at a branching portion of the injection pipe, wherein the controller is configured to determine, in the heating-defrosting operation mode or in the heating operation mode after execution of the heating-defrosting operation mode, a total flow resistance obtained by totalizing all flow resistances of the flow rate control devices connected to parallel heat exchangers functioning as an evaporator from among the plurality of parallel heat exchangers so that the pressure detected by the second pressure detector is a predetermined value, and controls, while satisfying the determined total flow resistance, each of the flow rate control devices to control the flow rates of refrigerant flowing through the parallel heat exchangers in accordance with frost states of the parallel heat exchangers. | 2,600 |
340,652 | 16,642,087 | 2,654 | A vibration control device which can make a user recognize a vibration by using a plurality of vibration units appropriately is provided. In a first vibration pattern, by interposing a low-vibration period (Ti) between a first standard vibration period (T1) and a second standard vibration period (T2), a user recognizes more easily a vibration by a vibration unit which vibrates in the second standard vibration period (T2). Therefore, even when the user's weight acts on the vibration unit which vibrates in the second standard vibration period (T2) lightly, the vibration of this vibration unit is easily recognized. | 1. A vibration control device comprising:
a control portion independently controlling a plurality of vibration units capable of generating a vibration that stimulates a user's body, wherein the control portion controls, in a case where two or more of the plurality of vibration units are vibrated for a same period of time, a low-vibration period in which amplitude of all of the vibration units is smaller than each standard amplitude thereof so that the low-vibration period is interposed between a first standard vibration period wherein only a part of the vibration units vibrates at the standard amplitude and a second standard vibration period wherein only another part of the vibration units vibrates at the standard amplitude. 2. The vibration control device according to claim 1,
wherein the first standard vibration period and the second standard vibration period are alternated by the control portion with the low-vibration period interposed therebetween. 3. The vibration control device according to claim 1,
wherein duration of the low-vibration period is equal to or longer than the shortest time taken by the user to recognize that a stimulus by the vibration is gone. 4. The vibration control device according to claim 1,
wherein the plurality of vibration units are placed in different locations in one seat in a mobile object. 5. The vibration control device according to claim 4,
wherein at least one of the plurality of vibration units is placed in a seat surface portion of the seat and at least one of the plurality of vibration units is placed in a backrest portion of the seat. 6. The vibration control device according to claim 4,
wherein the control portion vibrates the vibration unit corresponding to a location of an obstacle detected in the surroundings of the mobile object. 7. The vibration control device according to claim 1,
wherein the higher an alarm level regarding a detected obstacle is, the shorter the control portion makes a continuous vibration time in which the vibration unit is vibrated at the standard amplitude. 8. A vibration control method performed by a vibration control device independently controlling a plurality of vibration units capable of generating a vibration that stimulates a user's body,
the vibration control method comprising: 9. A vibration control program causing the vibration control method according to claim 8 to be performed by a computer. 10. A computer readable recording medium having stored the vibration control program according to claim 9. | A vibration control device which can make a user recognize a vibration by using a plurality of vibration units appropriately is provided. In a first vibration pattern, by interposing a low-vibration period (Ti) between a first standard vibration period (T1) and a second standard vibration period (T2), a user recognizes more easily a vibration by a vibration unit which vibrates in the second standard vibration period (T2). Therefore, even when the user's weight acts on the vibration unit which vibrates in the second standard vibration period (T2) lightly, the vibration of this vibration unit is easily recognized.1. A vibration control device comprising:
a control portion independently controlling a plurality of vibration units capable of generating a vibration that stimulates a user's body, wherein the control portion controls, in a case where two or more of the plurality of vibration units are vibrated for a same period of time, a low-vibration period in which amplitude of all of the vibration units is smaller than each standard amplitude thereof so that the low-vibration period is interposed between a first standard vibration period wherein only a part of the vibration units vibrates at the standard amplitude and a second standard vibration period wherein only another part of the vibration units vibrates at the standard amplitude. 2. The vibration control device according to claim 1,
wherein the first standard vibration period and the second standard vibration period are alternated by the control portion with the low-vibration period interposed therebetween. 3. The vibration control device according to claim 1,
wherein duration of the low-vibration period is equal to or longer than the shortest time taken by the user to recognize that a stimulus by the vibration is gone. 4. The vibration control device according to claim 1,
wherein the plurality of vibration units are placed in different locations in one seat in a mobile object. 5. The vibration control device according to claim 4,
wherein at least one of the plurality of vibration units is placed in a seat surface portion of the seat and at least one of the plurality of vibration units is placed in a backrest portion of the seat. 6. The vibration control device according to claim 4,
wherein the control portion vibrates the vibration unit corresponding to a location of an obstacle detected in the surroundings of the mobile object. 7. The vibration control device according to claim 1,
wherein the higher an alarm level regarding a detected obstacle is, the shorter the control portion makes a continuous vibration time in which the vibration unit is vibrated at the standard amplitude. 8. A vibration control method performed by a vibration control device independently controlling a plurality of vibration units capable of generating a vibration that stimulates a user's body,
the vibration control method comprising: 9. A vibration control program causing the vibration control method according to claim 8 to be performed by a computer. 10. A computer readable recording medium having stored the vibration control program according to claim 9. | 2,600 |
340,653 | 16,642,091 | 2,654 | Provided is a log analysis system including: an identifying unit that identifies transactions from logs output from a device; a grouping unit that categorizes the transactions having both the same log related to start and the same log related to end into the same group; a learning unit that creates a learning model that defines the number of occurrences on a log type basis in the transactions of the same group; and an inspection unit that inspects a transaction of an inspection target based on the learning model. | 1. A log analysis system comprising:
an identifying unit that identifies transactions from logs output from a device; a grouping unit that categorizes the transactions having both the same log related to start and the same log related to end into the same group; a learning unit that creates a learning model that defines the number of occurrences on a log type basis in the transactions of the same group; and an inspection unit that inspects a transaction of an inspection target based on the learning model. 2. The log analysis system according to claim 1 further comprising a classification unit that provides log classification IDs in accordance with the log type for each of the logs,
wherein the learning model defines the number of occurrences for each of the log classification IDs. 3. The log analysis system according to claim 1, wherein the learning model defines a maximum number and a minimum number of the number of occurrences on the log type basis among the transactions of the same group. 4. The log analysis system according to claim 1, wherein the learning model is in a table form. 5. The log analysis system according to claim 1,
wherein the learning model defines a maximum number of the number of occurrences on the log type basis among the transactions of the same group, and wherein the inspection unit detects an anomaly of the device when the number of occurrences in the transaction is greater than the maximum number. 6. The log analysis system according to claim 1, wherein
wherein the learning model defines a minimum number of the number of occurrences on the log type basis among the transactions of the same group, and wherein the inspection unit detects an anomaly of the device when the number of occurrences in the transaction is less than the minimum value. 7. The log analysis system according to claim 1, wherein the inspection unit detects an anomaly of the device when log types related to start and end of the transaction are different at the end from log types related to the start and the end defined in the learning model. 8. The log analysis system according to claim 1,
wherein the learning model includes, in definition information, the shortest time of required time from start to end of the transaction among the transactions of the same group, and wherein the inspection unit detects an anomaly of the device when required time of the transaction of the inspection target is shorter than the shortest time. 9. The log analysis system according to claim 1,
wherein the learning model includes, in definition information, the longest time of required time from start to end of the transaction among the transactions of the same group, and wherein the inspection unit detects an anomaly of the device when required time of the transaction of the inspection target is longer than the longest time. 10. The log analysis system according to claim 1, wherein the inspection unit detects an anomaly of the device when a log which is not included in the learning model appears in the transaction of the inspection target. 11. The log analysis system according to claim 1, wherein the inspection unit detects an anomaly of the device when none of the logs except logs at the start and the end defined in the learning model appears in the transaction of the inspection target. 12. The log analysis system according to claim 1, wherein the inspection unit detects an anomaly of the device when a ratio of the number of occurrences for each log type defined in the learning model and a ratio of the number of occurrences for each log type in the transaction of the inspection target are different from each other. 13. The log analysis system according to claim 1, wherein the inspection unit determines the transaction as an inspection target when the log type related to the start is the same between the learning model and the transaction. 14. A log analysis method comprising:
identifying transactions from logs output from a device; categorizing the transactions having both the same log related to start and the same log related to end into the same group; creating a learning model that defines the number of occurrences on a log type basis in the transactions of the same group; and inspecting a transaction of an inspection target based on the learning model. 15. (canceled) 16. A non-transitory storage medium storing a program that causes a computer to perform:
identifying transactions from logs output from a device; categorizing the transactions having both the same log related to start and the same log related to end into the same group; creating a learning model that defines the number of occurrences on a log type basis in the transactions of the same group; and inspecting a transaction of an inspection target based on the learning model. | Provided is a log analysis system including: an identifying unit that identifies transactions from logs output from a device; a grouping unit that categorizes the transactions having both the same log related to start and the same log related to end into the same group; a learning unit that creates a learning model that defines the number of occurrences on a log type basis in the transactions of the same group; and an inspection unit that inspects a transaction of an inspection target based on the learning model.1. A log analysis system comprising:
an identifying unit that identifies transactions from logs output from a device; a grouping unit that categorizes the transactions having both the same log related to start and the same log related to end into the same group; a learning unit that creates a learning model that defines the number of occurrences on a log type basis in the transactions of the same group; and an inspection unit that inspects a transaction of an inspection target based on the learning model. 2. The log analysis system according to claim 1 further comprising a classification unit that provides log classification IDs in accordance with the log type for each of the logs,
wherein the learning model defines the number of occurrences for each of the log classification IDs. 3. The log analysis system according to claim 1, wherein the learning model defines a maximum number and a minimum number of the number of occurrences on the log type basis among the transactions of the same group. 4. The log analysis system according to claim 1, wherein the learning model is in a table form. 5. The log analysis system according to claim 1,
wherein the learning model defines a maximum number of the number of occurrences on the log type basis among the transactions of the same group, and wherein the inspection unit detects an anomaly of the device when the number of occurrences in the transaction is greater than the maximum number. 6. The log analysis system according to claim 1, wherein
wherein the learning model defines a minimum number of the number of occurrences on the log type basis among the transactions of the same group, and wherein the inspection unit detects an anomaly of the device when the number of occurrences in the transaction is less than the minimum value. 7. The log analysis system according to claim 1, wherein the inspection unit detects an anomaly of the device when log types related to start and end of the transaction are different at the end from log types related to the start and the end defined in the learning model. 8. The log analysis system according to claim 1,
wherein the learning model includes, in definition information, the shortest time of required time from start to end of the transaction among the transactions of the same group, and wherein the inspection unit detects an anomaly of the device when required time of the transaction of the inspection target is shorter than the shortest time. 9. The log analysis system according to claim 1,
wherein the learning model includes, in definition information, the longest time of required time from start to end of the transaction among the transactions of the same group, and wherein the inspection unit detects an anomaly of the device when required time of the transaction of the inspection target is longer than the longest time. 10. The log analysis system according to claim 1, wherein the inspection unit detects an anomaly of the device when a log which is not included in the learning model appears in the transaction of the inspection target. 11. The log analysis system according to claim 1, wherein the inspection unit detects an anomaly of the device when none of the logs except logs at the start and the end defined in the learning model appears in the transaction of the inspection target. 12. The log analysis system according to claim 1, wherein the inspection unit detects an anomaly of the device when a ratio of the number of occurrences for each log type defined in the learning model and a ratio of the number of occurrences for each log type in the transaction of the inspection target are different from each other. 13. The log analysis system according to claim 1, wherein the inspection unit determines the transaction as an inspection target when the log type related to the start is the same between the learning model and the transaction. 14. A log analysis method comprising:
identifying transactions from logs output from a device; categorizing the transactions having both the same log related to start and the same log related to end into the same group; creating a learning model that defines the number of occurrences on a log type basis in the transactions of the same group; and inspecting a transaction of an inspection target based on the learning model. 15. (canceled) 16. A non-transitory storage medium storing a program that causes a computer to perform:
identifying transactions from logs output from a device; categorizing the transactions having both the same log related to start and the same log related to end into the same group; creating a learning model that defines the number of occurrences on a log type basis in the transactions of the same group; and inspecting a transaction of an inspection target based on the learning model. | 2,600 |
340,654 | 16,642,116 | 2,654 | Provided are a coating composition or the like which is highly wettable to a plastic substrate and which can form a hardcoat layer having high adhesiveness to the substrate and favorable appearance on the plastic substrate. A coating composition for forming a hardcoat layer for a plastic substrate including (A) an organosilicon compound represented by general formula: R1R2aSi(OR3)3-a(R1 to R3 each represent a hydrocarbon group or the like, and a is 0 or 1), a hydrolysate thereof, etc, (B) silica-based fine particles, (C) a curing agent including polycarboxylic acid, etc, and a cyanamide derivative compound, (D) a leveling agent, and (E) a solvent including respective predetermined amounts of water and an organic solvent. | 1. A coating composition for forming a hardcoat layer for a plastic substrate,
the coating composition comprising: (A) at least one component selected from the group consisting of an organo silicon compound represented by the following general formula (I), a hydrolysate thereof, and a partial condensate of the hydrolysate:
R1R2 aSi(OR3)3-a (I)
wherein R1 represents an organic group having a vinyl group, an epoxy group or a methacryloxy group, R2 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R3 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxyalkyl group having 8 or less carbon atoms, or an acyl group having 8 or less carbon atoms, and a represents 0 or 1; (B) silica-based fine particles; (C) a curing agent comprising a cyanamide derivative compound and at least one selected from the group consisting of a polycarboxylic acid and a polycarboxylic anhydride; (D) a leveling agent; and (E) a solvent comprising water and an organic solvent; and the coating composition satisfying the following requirement (1) or (2): requirement (1): a content of the water is 10 to 30% by mass, and the leveling agent (D) is a leveling agent (D1) having an HLB of 5 to 9; requirement (2): a content of the water is 31 to 50% by mass, and the leveling agent (D) is a leveling agent (D2) which is a leveling agent having an HLB of 13.0 to 16.0 and which comprises a leveling agent component (d21) having an HLB of 5.0 to 9.0 and a leveling agent component (d22) having an HLB of 13.0 to 16.0. 2. The coating composition for forming a hardcoat layer for a plastic substrate according to claim 1, wherein the coating composition satisfies the requirement (1). 3. The coating composition for forming a hardcoat layer for a plastic substrate according to claim 1, wherein the coating composition satisfies the requirement (2). 4. The coating composition for forming a hardcoat layer for a plastic substrate according to claim 1, having a surface tension of 23 mN/m or less. 5. The coating composition for forming a hardcoat layer for a plastic substrate according to claim 1, wherein the plastic substrate is a polyamide resin substrate. 6. An optical component comprising a plastic substrate and a hardcoat layer comprising a cured product of the coating composition according to claim 1 provided on the substrate. 7. The optical component according to claim 6, further comprising an antireflective film on a surface of the hardcoat layer opposite to the plastic substrate side. 8. The optical component according to claim 6, further comprising a primer layer comprising a polyurethane resin as a main component, between the plastic substrate and the hardcoat layer. 9. The optical component according to claim 6, comprising no primer layer between the plastic substrate and the hardcoat layer. 10. The optical component according to claim 6, wherein the plastic substrate is a polyamide resin substrate. | Provided are a coating composition or the like which is highly wettable to a plastic substrate and which can form a hardcoat layer having high adhesiveness to the substrate and favorable appearance on the plastic substrate. A coating composition for forming a hardcoat layer for a plastic substrate including (A) an organosilicon compound represented by general formula: R1R2aSi(OR3)3-a(R1 to R3 each represent a hydrocarbon group or the like, and a is 0 or 1), a hydrolysate thereof, etc, (B) silica-based fine particles, (C) a curing agent including polycarboxylic acid, etc, and a cyanamide derivative compound, (D) a leveling agent, and (E) a solvent including respective predetermined amounts of water and an organic solvent.1. A coating composition for forming a hardcoat layer for a plastic substrate,
the coating composition comprising: (A) at least one component selected from the group consisting of an organo silicon compound represented by the following general formula (I), a hydrolysate thereof, and a partial condensate of the hydrolysate:
R1R2 aSi(OR3)3-a (I)
wherein R1 represents an organic group having a vinyl group, an epoxy group or a methacryloxy group, R2 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R3 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxyalkyl group having 8 or less carbon atoms, or an acyl group having 8 or less carbon atoms, and a represents 0 or 1; (B) silica-based fine particles; (C) a curing agent comprising a cyanamide derivative compound and at least one selected from the group consisting of a polycarboxylic acid and a polycarboxylic anhydride; (D) a leveling agent; and (E) a solvent comprising water and an organic solvent; and the coating composition satisfying the following requirement (1) or (2): requirement (1): a content of the water is 10 to 30% by mass, and the leveling agent (D) is a leveling agent (D1) having an HLB of 5 to 9; requirement (2): a content of the water is 31 to 50% by mass, and the leveling agent (D) is a leveling agent (D2) which is a leveling agent having an HLB of 13.0 to 16.0 and which comprises a leveling agent component (d21) having an HLB of 5.0 to 9.0 and a leveling agent component (d22) having an HLB of 13.0 to 16.0. 2. The coating composition for forming a hardcoat layer for a plastic substrate according to claim 1, wherein the coating composition satisfies the requirement (1). 3. The coating composition for forming a hardcoat layer for a plastic substrate according to claim 1, wherein the coating composition satisfies the requirement (2). 4. The coating composition for forming a hardcoat layer for a plastic substrate according to claim 1, having a surface tension of 23 mN/m or less. 5. The coating composition for forming a hardcoat layer for a plastic substrate according to claim 1, wherein the plastic substrate is a polyamide resin substrate. 6. An optical component comprising a plastic substrate and a hardcoat layer comprising a cured product of the coating composition according to claim 1 provided on the substrate. 7. The optical component according to claim 6, further comprising an antireflective film on a surface of the hardcoat layer opposite to the plastic substrate side. 8. The optical component according to claim 6, further comprising a primer layer comprising a polyurethane resin as a main component, between the plastic substrate and the hardcoat layer. 9. The optical component according to claim 6, comprising no primer layer between the plastic substrate and the hardcoat layer. 10. The optical component according to claim 6, wherein the plastic substrate is a polyamide resin substrate. | 2,600 |
340,655 | 16,642,141 | 2,654 | Embodiments of the invention include a cutting guide (360) and methods of using the cutting guide to prepare bone for one or more knee arthroplasty implants. Some embodiments include an alignment mechanism (200), a cutting head (300), and an ankle clamp (400). | 1. A tibial cutting guide comprising:
a guide base; a cutting head comprising:
a cutting head base, and
a removable mechanism that includes at least:
a coupler releasably interconnectable with the cutting head base and configured to detach from the cutting head base upon activation,
a blade guide, and
a microadjustment element connected to the coupler and coupled to the blade guide, the microadjustment element being configured to move the blade guide to multiple positions relative to the coupler,
wherein operation of the microadjustment element is independent from operation of the coupler between the cutting head base and the removable mechanism; an alignment mechanism coupled between the guide base and the cutting head comprising:
a body that couples with the guide base and the cutting head base, an engagement element movable relative to the body to selectively restrict or permit movement of the guide base relative to the cutting head base, and a mode selector configured to allow the engagement element to be selectively engaged and disengaged to restrict or permit movement of the guide base relative to the cutting head base when the mode selector is in a first state and configured to apply a force to the engagement element to urge the engagement element to continuously permit movement of the guide base relative to the cutting head base in a second state; and an ankle clamp coupled to the guide base comprising: a
housing,
a first arm with a first pivot and two or more first gear teeth spaced along a radius from the first pivot, the first arm being pivotally coupled to the housing at the first pivot, and
a second arm with a second pivot and two or more second gear teeth spaced along a radius from the second pivot, the second arm being pivotally coupled to the housing at the second pivot, and having its two or more second gear teeth interdigitating with the two or more first gear teeth of the first arm. 2. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the guide base includes at least a shaft and a collar, the shaft configured to penetrate through at least a portion of the alignment mechanism and the collar including an opening through which a connection element for the ankle clamp may be passed. 3. The tibial cutting guide of claim 2 wherein the shaft has a rectangular cross-section and includes teeth on at least one side of the rectangular cross-section configured to interact with the engagement element of the alignment mechanism. 4. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein a portion of the body of the alignment mechanism is tubular. 5. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the engagement element includes teeth configured to engage with the guide base to restrict movement of the body relative to the guide base. 6. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the engagement element includes a first opening configured to receive a portion of the guide base. 7. The tibial cutting guide of claim 6 wherein the engagement element includes a second opening configured to receive the mode selector. 8. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the engagement element includes a first opening configured to receive a portion of the cutting head. 9. The tibial cutting guide of claim 8 wherein the engagement element includes a second opening configured to receive the mode selector. 10. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the mode selector is configured to fit through the engagement element to interact with an interior portion of the engagement element. 11. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the mode selector has cylindrical cross-sections of varying diameters along its length. 12. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the mode selector includes a smaller diameter that does not prevent the engagement element from engaging with the guide base when the mode selector is in the first state and a larger diameter that does prevent the engagement element for engaging with the guide base when the mode selector is in the second state. 13. The tibial cutting guide of claim 12 wherein the mode selector includes a transition portion with a diameter that changes between the smaller diameter and the larger diameter at a rate desirable to facilitate ergonomic operation of the mode selector. 14. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1, further comprising an engagement biasing element that presses the engagement element toward contact with the guide base. 15. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the mode selector includes a smaller diameter that does not prevent the engagement element from engaging with the cutting head when the mode selector is in the first state and a larger diameter that does prevent the engagement element for engaging with the cutting head when the mode selector is in the second state. 16. The tibial cutting guide of claim 15 wherein the mode selector includes a transition portion with a diameter that changes between the smaller diameter and the larger diameter at a rate desirable to facilitate ergonomic operation of the mode selector. 17. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1, further comprising an engagement biasing element that presses the engagement element toward contact with the cutting head. 18. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the cutting head base includes one or more pin holes for receiving one or more fasteners by which the cutting head base may be coupled with a tibia. 19. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the coupler of the removable mechanism includes a push portion that disengages a latch from a connection on the cutting head base, thereby allowing the removable mechanism to be separated from the cutting head base. 20. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the blade guide is adapted to direct a blade through only a portion of the tibia aligning with a single condyle landing area of a knee joint to facilitate preparation for a unicondylar knee implant. 21. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the microadjustment element moves the blade guide substantially parallel with the axis moved by the alignment mechanism relative to the guide base. 22. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the blade guide comprises: a body;
an opening in the body sized and oriented to direct a blade by having a substantially close fit between a wider proportion side of the blade and the opening, wherein the opening has a greater longitudinal direction and a lesser height substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction; and
a pin slot in the body having a width in substantially the same direction as the longitudinal direction of the opening and a height less than the width, wherein the pin slot is sized to have a substantially close fit between its height and a pin configured to be inserted through the pin slot and a looser fit between its width and the pin such that the pin is able to be moved along the width of the pin slot and pivot about an axis parallel to the height of the pin slot. 23. The tibial cutting guide of claim 22 wherein one or both edges of the pin slot at the extents of the width of the pin slot are angled substantially away from perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the opening in the body. 24. The tibial cutting guide of claim 22 wherein both edges of the pin slot at the extents of the width of the pin slot are angled substantially away from perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the opening in the body. 25. The tibial cutting guide of claim 22 wherein the pin slot is wider on the side of the blade guide configured to be positioned against a tibia than the pin slot is on the opposite side of the blade guide. 26. The tibial cutting guide of claim 22, further comprising a modular capture device comprising:
a pin opening sized to have a substantially close fit to the pin configured to be inserted through the pin slot; and a fin sized to engage in the opening in the body to provide orientation of the modular capture device relative to the body. 27. The tibial cutting guide of claim 26, further comprising an alignment slot in the modular capture device in which an alignment tool may be placed to orient the modular capture device relative to a patient's anatomy. 28. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the removable mechanism includes one or more pin holes for receiving one or more fasteners by which the removable mechanism may be coupled with a tibia. 29. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1, further comprising a biasing element adapted to generate a biasing force to urge a distal end of the first arm toward a distal end of the second arm. 30. The tibial cutting guide of claim 29, further comprising a biasing force interface bracket configured to fit between the biasing element and the first arm and the second arm to apply biasing force from the biasing element to the first arm at a first point on the first arm away from the first pivot and to apply the biasing force from the biasing element to the second arm at a second point on the second arm away from the second pivot. 31. The tibial cutting guide of claim 29 wherein the biasing element includes two or more springs. 32. An alignment mechanism comprising: a body;
an engagement element movable relative to the body to restrict or permit movement of the body relative to a member to which the engagement element is configured to couple; and a mode selector configured to allow the engagement element to engage and disengage when the mode selector is in a first state and configured to apply a force to the engagement element to urge the engagement element to be disengaged in a second state. 33. The alignment mechanism of claim 32 wherein a portion of the body of the alignment mechanism is tubular. 34. The alignment mechanism of claim 32 wherein the engagement element includes teeth configured to engage with a guide base to restrict movement of the body relative to the guide base. 35. The alignment mechanism of claim 34 wherein the engagement element includes a first opening configured to receive a portion of the guide base. 36. The alignment mechanism of claim 35 wherein the engagement element includes a second opening configured to receive the mode selector. 37. The alignment mechanism of claim 32 wherein the engagement element includes teeth configured to engage with a portion of a cutting head to restrict movement of the body relative to the cutting head. 38. The alignment mechanism of claim 37 wherein the engagement element includes a first opening configured to receive a portion of the cutting head. 39. The alignment mechanism of claim 38 wherein the engagement element includes a second opening configured to receive the mode selector. 40. The alignment mechanism of claim 32 wherein the mode selector is configured to fit through the engagement element to interact with an interior portion of the engagement element. 41. The alignment mechanism of claim 32 wherein the mode selector has cylindrical cross-sections of varying diameters along its length. 42. The alignment mechanism of claim 32 wherein the mode selector includes a smaller diameter that does not prevent the engagement element from engaging when the mode selector is in the first state and a larger diameter that does prevent the engagement element for engaging when the mode selector is in the second state. 43. The alignment mechanism of claim 42 wherein the mode selector includes a transition portion with a diameter that changes between the smaller diameter and the larger diameter at a rate desirable to facilitate ergonomic operation of the mode selector. 44. The alignment mechanism of claim 32, further comprising an engagement biasing element that presses the engagement element toward contact with the guide base. 45. The alignment mechanism of claim 32, further comprising an engagement biasing element that presses the engagement element toward contact with the cutting head. 46. An alignment mechanism configured to function in three operating conditions comprising:
an engagement element capable of contacting a portion of another component to stop movement between the engagement element relative to the other component; and a mode selector that when in a first state permits two operating conditions:
a) a condition where force is not being applied to the engagement element by a user and the engagement element is in contact with a portion of another component,
b) a condition where force is being applied to the engagement element by a user and the engagement element is not in contact with a portion of another component, and
when the mode selector is in a second state permits only one operating condition:
c) a condition where regardless of whether force is being applied to the engagement element by a user, the engagement element is not in contact with a portion of another component. 47. A cutting head comprising:
a cutting head base; and a removable mechanism comprising: a coupler releasably interconnectable with the cutting head base and configured to detach from the cutting head base upon activation,
a blade guide, and
a microadjustment element connected to the coupler and coupled to the blade guide, the microadjustment element being configured to move the blade guide to multiple positions relative to the coupler,
wherein operation of the microadjustment element is independent from operation of the coupler between the cutting head base and the removable mechanism. 48. The cutting head of claim 47 wherein the cutting head base includes one or more pin holes for receiving one or more fasteners by which the cutting head base may be coupled with a tibia. 49. The cutting head of claim 47 wherein the coupler of the removable mechanism includes a push portion that disengages a latch from a connection on the cutting head base, thereby allowing the removable mechanism to be separated from the cutting head base. 50. The cutting head of claim 47 wherein the blade guide is adapted to direct a blade through only a portion of the tibia aligning with a single condyle of a knee joint to facilitate preparation for a unicondylar knee implant. 51. The cutting head of claim 47 wherein the removable mechanism includes one or more pin holes for receiving one or more fasteners by which the removable mechanism may be coupled with a tibia. 52. The cutting head of claim 47 wherein the blade guide comprises: a body;
an opening in the body sized and oriented to direct a blade by having a substantially close fit between a wider proportion side of the blade and the opening, wherein the opening has a greater longitudinal direction and a lesser height substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction; and
a pin slot in the body having a width in substantially the same direction as the longitudinal direction of the opening and a height less than the width, wherein the pin slot is sized to have a substantially close fit between its height and a pin configured to be inserted through the pin slot and a looser fit between its width and the pin such that the pin is able to be moved along the width of the pin slot and pivot about an axis parallel to the height of the pin slot. 53. The cutting head of claim 52 wherein one or both edges of the pin slot at the extents of the width of the pin slot are angled substantially away from perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the opening in the body. 54. The cutting head of claim 52 wherein both edges of the pin slot at the extents of the width of the pin slot are angled substantially away from perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the opening in the body. 55. The cutting head of claim 52 wherein the pin slot is wider on the side of the blade guide configured to be positioned against a tibia than the pin slot is on the opposite side of the blade guide. 56. The cutting head of claim 52, further comprising a modular capture device comprising:
an opening sized to have a substantially close fit to the pin configured to be inserted through the pin slot; and a fin sized to engage in the opening in the body to provide orientation of the modular capture device relative to the body. 57. The cutting head of claim 56, further comprising an alignment slot in the modular capture device in which an alignment tool may be placed to orient the modular capture device relative to a patient's anatomy. 58.-63. (canceled) 64. An ankle clamp comprising:
a housing; a first arm with a first pivot and two or more first gear teeth spaced along a radius from the first pivot, the first arm being pivotally coupled to the housing at the first pivot; and a second arm with a second pivot and two or more second gear teeth spaced along a radius from the second pivot, the second arm being pivotally coupled to the housing at the second pivot, and having its two or more second gear teeth interdigitating with the two or more first gear teeth of the first arm. 65. The ankle clamp of claim 64, further comprising a biasing element adapted to generate a biasing force to urge a distal end of the first arm toward a distal end of the second arm. 66. The ankle clamp of claim 65, further comprising a biasing force interface bracket configured to fit between the biasing element and the first arm and the second arm to apply biasing force from the biasing element to the first arm at a first point on the first arm away from the first pivot and to apply the biasing force from the biasing element to the second arm at a second point on the second arm away from the second pivot. 67. The ankle clamp of claim 65, wherein the biasing element includes two or more springs. 68.-81. (canceled) 82. A method of length adjustment of a cutting guide with an alignment mechanism configured to function in three operating conditions comprising:
locating a mode selector in a location defining a first state that permits two operating conditions:
a) a condition where force is not being applied to an engagement element of the alignment mechanism by a user and the engagement element is in contact with a portion of another component, and
b) a condition where force is being applied to the engagement element by a user and the engagement element is not in contact with a portion of another component, and wherein in this condition length adjustment of the cutting guide is accomplished by pulling or pushing ends of the cutting guide apart or together while force is being applied to the engagement element by a user; and
locating the mode selector in a location defining a second state that permits an operating condition defined as:
c) a condition where regardless of whether force is being applied to the engagement element by a user, the engagement element is not in contact with a portion of another component, and wherein in this condition length adjustment of the cutting guide is accomplished by pulling or pushing ends of the cutting guide apart or together. 83.-87. (canceled) 88. A method of operating an ankle clamp of a cutting guide with a housing and a first arm and a second arm, the method comprising:
moving the first arm with a first pivot and two or more first gear teeth spaced along a radius from the first pivot, the first arm being pivotally coupled to the housing at the first pivot, away from a center of the ankle clamp; wherein movement of the first arm away from the center of the ankle clamp about the first pivot causes the second arm that has a second pivot and two or more second gear teeth spaced along a radius from the second pivot, the second arm being pivotally coupled to the housing at the second pivot, and having its two or more second gear teeth interdigitating with the two or more first gear teeth of the first arm, to also move away from a center of the ankle clamp while pivoting about the second pivot. 89. The method of claim 88 wherein the act of moving the first arm away from the center of the ankle clamp about the first pivot compresses a biasing element against the housing. 90. The method of claim 88 wherein the act of moving the first arm away from the center of the ankle clamp about the first pivot moves the first arm and the second arm against a biasing force interface bracket that compresses a biasing element against the housing. 91. The method of claim 88 wherein the act of moving the first arm away from the center of the ankle clamp about the first pivot compresses two or more biasing elements. 92.-99. (canceled) | Embodiments of the invention include a cutting guide (360) and methods of using the cutting guide to prepare bone for one or more knee arthroplasty implants. Some embodiments include an alignment mechanism (200), a cutting head (300), and an ankle clamp (400).1. A tibial cutting guide comprising:
a guide base; a cutting head comprising:
a cutting head base, and
a removable mechanism that includes at least:
a coupler releasably interconnectable with the cutting head base and configured to detach from the cutting head base upon activation,
a blade guide, and
a microadjustment element connected to the coupler and coupled to the blade guide, the microadjustment element being configured to move the blade guide to multiple positions relative to the coupler,
wherein operation of the microadjustment element is independent from operation of the coupler between the cutting head base and the removable mechanism; an alignment mechanism coupled between the guide base and the cutting head comprising:
a body that couples with the guide base and the cutting head base, an engagement element movable relative to the body to selectively restrict or permit movement of the guide base relative to the cutting head base, and a mode selector configured to allow the engagement element to be selectively engaged and disengaged to restrict or permit movement of the guide base relative to the cutting head base when the mode selector is in a first state and configured to apply a force to the engagement element to urge the engagement element to continuously permit movement of the guide base relative to the cutting head base in a second state; and an ankle clamp coupled to the guide base comprising: a
housing,
a first arm with a first pivot and two or more first gear teeth spaced along a radius from the first pivot, the first arm being pivotally coupled to the housing at the first pivot, and
a second arm with a second pivot and two or more second gear teeth spaced along a radius from the second pivot, the second arm being pivotally coupled to the housing at the second pivot, and having its two or more second gear teeth interdigitating with the two or more first gear teeth of the first arm. 2. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the guide base includes at least a shaft and a collar, the shaft configured to penetrate through at least a portion of the alignment mechanism and the collar including an opening through which a connection element for the ankle clamp may be passed. 3. The tibial cutting guide of claim 2 wherein the shaft has a rectangular cross-section and includes teeth on at least one side of the rectangular cross-section configured to interact with the engagement element of the alignment mechanism. 4. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein a portion of the body of the alignment mechanism is tubular. 5. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the engagement element includes teeth configured to engage with the guide base to restrict movement of the body relative to the guide base. 6. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the engagement element includes a first opening configured to receive a portion of the guide base. 7. The tibial cutting guide of claim 6 wherein the engagement element includes a second opening configured to receive the mode selector. 8. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the engagement element includes a first opening configured to receive a portion of the cutting head. 9. The tibial cutting guide of claim 8 wherein the engagement element includes a second opening configured to receive the mode selector. 10. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the mode selector is configured to fit through the engagement element to interact with an interior portion of the engagement element. 11. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the mode selector has cylindrical cross-sections of varying diameters along its length. 12. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the mode selector includes a smaller diameter that does not prevent the engagement element from engaging with the guide base when the mode selector is in the first state and a larger diameter that does prevent the engagement element for engaging with the guide base when the mode selector is in the second state. 13. The tibial cutting guide of claim 12 wherein the mode selector includes a transition portion with a diameter that changes between the smaller diameter and the larger diameter at a rate desirable to facilitate ergonomic operation of the mode selector. 14. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1, further comprising an engagement biasing element that presses the engagement element toward contact with the guide base. 15. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the mode selector includes a smaller diameter that does not prevent the engagement element from engaging with the cutting head when the mode selector is in the first state and a larger diameter that does prevent the engagement element for engaging with the cutting head when the mode selector is in the second state. 16. The tibial cutting guide of claim 15 wherein the mode selector includes a transition portion with a diameter that changes between the smaller diameter and the larger diameter at a rate desirable to facilitate ergonomic operation of the mode selector. 17. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1, further comprising an engagement biasing element that presses the engagement element toward contact with the cutting head. 18. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the cutting head base includes one or more pin holes for receiving one or more fasteners by which the cutting head base may be coupled with a tibia. 19. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the coupler of the removable mechanism includes a push portion that disengages a latch from a connection on the cutting head base, thereby allowing the removable mechanism to be separated from the cutting head base. 20. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the blade guide is adapted to direct a blade through only a portion of the tibia aligning with a single condyle landing area of a knee joint to facilitate preparation for a unicondylar knee implant. 21. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the microadjustment element moves the blade guide substantially parallel with the axis moved by the alignment mechanism relative to the guide base. 22. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the blade guide comprises: a body;
an opening in the body sized and oriented to direct a blade by having a substantially close fit between a wider proportion side of the blade and the opening, wherein the opening has a greater longitudinal direction and a lesser height substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction; and
a pin slot in the body having a width in substantially the same direction as the longitudinal direction of the opening and a height less than the width, wherein the pin slot is sized to have a substantially close fit between its height and a pin configured to be inserted through the pin slot and a looser fit between its width and the pin such that the pin is able to be moved along the width of the pin slot and pivot about an axis parallel to the height of the pin slot. 23. The tibial cutting guide of claim 22 wherein one or both edges of the pin slot at the extents of the width of the pin slot are angled substantially away from perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the opening in the body. 24. The tibial cutting guide of claim 22 wherein both edges of the pin slot at the extents of the width of the pin slot are angled substantially away from perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the opening in the body. 25. The tibial cutting guide of claim 22 wherein the pin slot is wider on the side of the blade guide configured to be positioned against a tibia than the pin slot is on the opposite side of the blade guide. 26. The tibial cutting guide of claim 22, further comprising a modular capture device comprising:
a pin opening sized to have a substantially close fit to the pin configured to be inserted through the pin slot; and a fin sized to engage in the opening in the body to provide orientation of the modular capture device relative to the body. 27. The tibial cutting guide of claim 26, further comprising an alignment slot in the modular capture device in which an alignment tool may be placed to orient the modular capture device relative to a patient's anatomy. 28. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1 wherein the removable mechanism includes one or more pin holes for receiving one or more fasteners by which the removable mechanism may be coupled with a tibia. 29. The tibial cutting guide of claim 1, further comprising a biasing element adapted to generate a biasing force to urge a distal end of the first arm toward a distal end of the second arm. 30. The tibial cutting guide of claim 29, further comprising a biasing force interface bracket configured to fit between the biasing element and the first arm and the second arm to apply biasing force from the biasing element to the first arm at a first point on the first arm away from the first pivot and to apply the biasing force from the biasing element to the second arm at a second point on the second arm away from the second pivot. 31. The tibial cutting guide of claim 29 wherein the biasing element includes two or more springs. 32. An alignment mechanism comprising: a body;
an engagement element movable relative to the body to restrict or permit movement of the body relative to a member to which the engagement element is configured to couple; and a mode selector configured to allow the engagement element to engage and disengage when the mode selector is in a first state and configured to apply a force to the engagement element to urge the engagement element to be disengaged in a second state. 33. The alignment mechanism of claim 32 wherein a portion of the body of the alignment mechanism is tubular. 34. The alignment mechanism of claim 32 wherein the engagement element includes teeth configured to engage with a guide base to restrict movement of the body relative to the guide base. 35. The alignment mechanism of claim 34 wherein the engagement element includes a first opening configured to receive a portion of the guide base. 36. The alignment mechanism of claim 35 wherein the engagement element includes a second opening configured to receive the mode selector. 37. The alignment mechanism of claim 32 wherein the engagement element includes teeth configured to engage with a portion of a cutting head to restrict movement of the body relative to the cutting head. 38. The alignment mechanism of claim 37 wherein the engagement element includes a first opening configured to receive a portion of the cutting head. 39. The alignment mechanism of claim 38 wherein the engagement element includes a second opening configured to receive the mode selector. 40. The alignment mechanism of claim 32 wherein the mode selector is configured to fit through the engagement element to interact with an interior portion of the engagement element. 41. The alignment mechanism of claim 32 wherein the mode selector has cylindrical cross-sections of varying diameters along its length. 42. The alignment mechanism of claim 32 wherein the mode selector includes a smaller diameter that does not prevent the engagement element from engaging when the mode selector is in the first state and a larger diameter that does prevent the engagement element for engaging when the mode selector is in the second state. 43. The alignment mechanism of claim 42 wherein the mode selector includes a transition portion with a diameter that changes between the smaller diameter and the larger diameter at a rate desirable to facilitate ergonomic operation of the mode selector. 44. The alignment mechanism of claim 32, further comprising an engagement biasing element that presses the engagement element toward contact with the guide base. 45. The alignment mechanism of claim 32, further comprising an engagement biasing element that presses the engagement element toward contact with the cutting head. 46. An alignment mechanism configured to function in three operating conditions comprising:
an engagement element capable of contacting a portion of another component to stop movement between the engagement element relative to the other component; and a mode selector that when in a first state permits two operating conditions:
a) a condition where force is not being applied to the engagement element by a user and the engagement element is in contact with a portion of another component,
b) a condition where force is being applied to the engagement element by a user and the engagement element is not in contact with a portion of another component, and
when the mode selector is in a second state permits only one operating condition:
c) a condition where regardless of whether force is being applied to the engagement element by a user, the engagement element is not in contact with a portion of another component. 47. A cutting head comprising:
a cutting head base; and a removable mechanism comprising: a coupler releasably interconnectable with the cutting head base and configured to detach from the cutting head base upon activation,
a blade guide, and
a microadjustment element connected to the coupler and coupled to the blade guide, the microadjustment element being configured to move the blade guide to multiple positions relative to the coupler,
wherein operation of the microadjustment element is independent from operation of the coupler between the cutting head base and the removable mechanism. 48. The cutting head of claim 47 wherein the cutting head base includes one or more pin holes for receiving one or more fasteners by which the cutting head base may be coupled with a tibia. 49. The cutting head of claim 47 wherein the coupler of the removable mechanism includes a push portion that disengages a latch from a connection on the cutting head base, thereby allowing the removable mechanism to be separated from the cutting head base. 50. The cutting head of claim 47 wherein the blade guide is adapted to direct a blade through only a portion of the tibia aligning with a single condyle of a knee joint to facilitate preparation for a unicondylar knee implant. 51. The cutting head of claim 47 wherein the removable mechanism includes one or more pin holes for receiving one or more fasteners by which the removable mechanism may be coupled with a tibia. 52. The cutting head of claim 47 wherein the blade guide comprises: a body;
an opening in the body sized and oriented to direct a blade by having a substantially close fit between a wider proportion side of the blade and the opening, wherein the opening has a greater longitudinal direction and a lesser height substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction; and
a pin slot in the body having a width in substantially the same direction as the longitudinal direction of the opening and a height less than the width, wherein the pin slot is sized to have a substantially close fit between its height and a pin configured to be inserted through the pin slot and a looser fit between its width and the pin such that the pin is able to be moved along the width of the pin slot and pivot about an axis parallel to the height of the pin slot. 53. The cutting head of claim 52 wherein one or both edges of the pin slot at the extents of the width of the pin slot are angled substantially away from perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the opening in the body. 54. The cutting head of claim 52 wherein both edges of the pin slot at the extents of the width of the pin slot are angled substantially away from perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the opening in the body. 55. The cutting head of claim 52 wherein the pin slot is wider on the side of the blade guide configured to be positioned against a tibia than the pin slot is on the opposite side of the blade guide. 56. The cutting head of claim 52, further comprising a modular capture device comprising:
an opening sized to have a substantially close fit to the pin configured to be inserted through the pin slot; and a fin sized to engage in the opening in the body to provide orientation of the modular capture device relative to the body. 57. The cutting head of claim 56, further comprising an alignment slot in the modular capture device in which an alignment tool may be placed to orient the modular capture device relative to a patient's anatomy. 58.-63. (canceled) 64. An ankle clamp comprising:
a housing; a first arm with a first pivot and two or more first gear teeth spaced along a radius from the first pivot, the first arm being pivotally coupled to the housing at the first pivot; and a second arm with a second pivot and two or more second gear teeth spaced along a radius from the second pivot, the second arm being pivotally coupled to the housing at the second pivot, and having its two or more second gear teeth interdigitating with the two or more first gear teeth of the first arm. 65. The ankle clamp of claim 64, further comprising a biasing element adapted to generate a biasing force to urge a distal end of the first arm toward a distal end of the second arm. 66. The ankle clamp of claim 65, further comprising a biasing force interface bracket configured to fit between the biasing element and the first arm and the second arm to apply biasing force from the biasing element to the first arm at a first point on the first arm away from the first pivot and to apply the biasing force from the biasing element to the second arm at a second point on the second arm away from the second pivot. 67. The ankle clamp of claim 65, wherein the biasing element includes two or more springs. 68.-81. (canceled) 82. A method of length adjustment of a cutting guide with an alignment mechanism configured to function in three operating conditions comprising:
locating a mode selector in a location defining a first state that permits two operating conditions:
a) a condition where force is not being applied to an engagement element of the alignment mechanism by a user and the engagement element is in contact with a portion of another component, and
b) a condition where force is being applied to the engagement element by a user and the engagement element is not in contact with a portion of another component, and wherein in this condition length adjustment of the cutting guide is accomplished by pulling or pushing ends of the cutting guide apart or together while force is being applied to the engagement element by a user; and
locating the mode selector in a location defining a second state that permits an operating condition defined as:
c) a condition where regardless of whether force is being applied to the engagement element by a user, the engagement element is not in contact with a portion of another component, and wherein in this condition length adjustment of the cutting guide is accomplished by pulling or pushing ends of the cutting guide apart or together. 83.-87. (canceled) 88. A method of operating an ankle clamp of a cutting guide with a housing and a first arm and a second arm, the method comprising:
moving the first arm with a first pivot and two or more first gear teeth spaced along a radius from the first pivot, the first arm being pivotally coupled to the housing at the first pivot, away from a center of the ankle clamp; wherein movement of the first arm away from the center of the ankle clamp about the first pivot causes the second arm that has a second pivot and two or more second gear teeth spaced along a radius from the second pivot, the second arm being pivotally coupled to the housing at the second pivot, and having its two or more second gear teeth interdigitating with the two or more first gear teeth of the first arm, to also move away from a center of the ankle clamp while pivoting about the second pivot. 89. The method of claim 88 wherein the act of moving the first arm away from the center of the ankle clamp about the first pivot compresses a biasing element against the housing. 90. The method of claim 88 wherein the act of moving the first arm away from the center of the ankle clamp about the first pivot moves the first arm and the second arm against a biasing force interface bracket that compresses a biasing element against the housing. 91. The method of claim 88 wherein the act of moving the first arm away from the center of the ankle clamp about the first pivot compresses two or more biasing elements. 92.-99. (canceled) | 2,600 |
340,656 | 16,642,146 | 2,654 | An ultrasonic transducer and a manufacturing method thereof, an ultrasonic transducer array and a display device are provided. The ultrasonic transducer includes a substrate, a first electrode on the substrate, an insulation layer on a side of the first electrode away from the substrate, and a second electrode on a side of the insulation layer away from the first electrode. The second electrode is disposed opposite to the first electrode, and the ultrasonic transducer further includes a through hole penetrating both the substrate and the first electrode and a chamber in the insulation layer. The chamber is opposite to the first electrode and the second electrode, respectively, the chamber is communicated with the through hole, and the second electrode is not in contact with the chamber. | 1. An ultrasonic transducer, comprising:
a substrate; a first electrode located on the substrate; an insulation layer located on a side of the first electrode away from the substrate; and a second electrode located on a side of the insulation layer away from the first electrode and disposed opposite to the first electrode, wherein the ultrasonic transducer further comprises a through hole penetrating both the substrate and the first electrode and a chamber located in the insulation layer, the chamber is opposite to the first electrode and the second electrode, respectively, the chamber is in communication with the through hole, and the second electrode is not in contact with the chamber. 2. The ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, wherein an orthographic projection of the first electrode on the substrate is at least partially overlapped with an orthographic projection of the second electrode on the substrate, an orthographic projection of the chamber on the substrate is at least partially overlapped with the orthographic projection of the first electrode on the substrate and is at least partially overlapped with the orthographic projection of the second electrode on the substrate. 3. The ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode is at least partially exposed in the chamber. 4. The ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, wherein the insulation layer comprises:
an organic insulation layer, on a side of the first electrode away from the substrate; and an inorganic insulation layer on a side of the organic insulation layer away from the substrate, wherein the chamber is located in the organic insulation layer. 5. The ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, wherein an area of a cross section of the chamber in a plane parallel with the substrate is gradually decreased in a direction from the first electrode to the second electrode. 6. The ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, further comprising: a protective layer located on a side of the second electrode away from the substrate. 7. An ultrasonic transducer array, comprising a plurality of ultrasonic transducers according to claim 1. 8. The ultrasonic transducer array according to claim 7, wherein the plurality of the ultrasonic transducers are arranged in a matrix. 9. A display device, comprising:
the ultrasonic transducer array according to claim 7; and a plurality of pixels, integrated on a side of the second electrode of the ultrasonic transducer array away from the first electrode. 10. The display device according to claim 9, wherein each of the plurality of pixels comprises a self-luminous structure. 11. The display device according to claim 10, wherein the pixel comprises an organic electroluminescent structure. 12. A manufacturing method of an ultrasonic transducer comprising:
forming a first electrode on a substrate; forming a through hole penetrating both the substrate and the first electrode; forming an insulation layer on the first electrode with the through hole formed therein, on a side of the first electrode away from the substrate; forming a second electrode on a side of the insulation layer away from the first electrode, the second electrode being disposed opposite to the first electrode; and forming a chamber in the insulation layer by using the through hole, the chamber being opposite to the first electrode and the second electrode, respectively, the chamber being in communication with the through hole, and the second electrode is not in contact with the chamber. 13. The manufacturing method of the ultrasonic transducer according to claim 12, wherein forming the chamber in the insulation layer by using the through hole comprises:
performing an etching process with a plasma gas on the insulation layer from a side where the substrate is located through the through hole to form the chamber in the insulation layer. 14. The manufacturing method of the ultrasonic transducer according to claim 13, wherein forming the chamber in the insulation layer by using the through hole comprises:
performing the etching process with at least one of O2 plasma or O3 plasma on the insulation layer from the side where the substrate is located through the through hole to form the chamber in the insulation layer. 15. The manufacturing method of the ultrasonic transducer according to claim 12, wherein forming the through hole penetrating both the substrate and the first electrode comprises:
forming the through hole penetrating both the substrate and the first electrode in the substrate and the first electrode by a laser ablation process; and performing a polishing process on both surfaces of the substrate and the first electrode with the through hole formed therein. 16. The manufacturing method of the ultrasonic transducer according to claim 12, wherein forming the insulation layer on the first electrode with the through hole formed therein, on a side of the first electrode away from the substrate comprises:
sequentially forming an organic insulation layer and an inorganic insulation layer on the first electrode with the through hole formed therein, on a side of the first electrode away from the substrate. 17. The manufacturing method of the ultrasonic transducer according to claim 12, wherein an orthographic projection of the first electrode on the substrate is at least partially overlapped with an orthographic projection of the second electrode on the substrate, an orthographic projection of the chamber on the substrate is at least partially overlapped with the orthographic projection of the first electrode on the substrate and is at least partially overlapped with the orthographic projection of the second electrode on the substrate. 18. The manufacturing method of the ultrasonic transducer according to claim 12, wherein the first electrode is at least partially exposed in the chamber. 19. The manufacturing method of the ultrasonic transducer according to claim 12, wherein an area of a cross section of the chamber in a plane parallel with the substrate is gradually decreased in a direction from the first electrode to the second electrode. | An ultrasonic transducer and a manufacturing method thereof, an ultrasonic transducer array and a display device are provided. The ultrasonic transducer includes a substrate, a first electrode on the substrate, an insulation layer on a side of the first electrode away from the substrate, and a second electrode on a side of the insulation layer away from the first electrode. The second electrode is disposed opposite to the first electrode, and the ultrasonic transducer further includes a through hole penetrating both the substrate and the first electrode and a chamber in the insulation layer. The chamber is opposite to the first electrode and the second electrode, respectively, the chamber is communicated with the through hole, and the second electrode is not in contact with the chamber.1. An ultrasonic transducer, comprising:
a substrate; a first electrode located on the substrate; an insulation layer located on a side of the first electrode away from the substrate; and a second electrode located on a side of the insulation layer away from the first electrode and disposed opposite to the first electrode, wherein the ultrasonic transducer further comprises a through hole penetrating both the substrate and the first electrode and a chamber located in the insulation layer, the chamber is opposite to the first electrode and the second electrode, respectively, the chamber is in communication with the through hole, and the second electrode is not in contact with the chamber. 2. The ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, wherein an orthographic projection of the first electrode on the substrate is at least partially overlapped with an orthographic projection of the second electrode on the substrate, an orthographic projection of the chamber on the substrate is at least partially overlapped with the orthographic projection of the first electrode on the substrate and is at least partially overlapped with the orthographic projection of the second electrode on the substrate. 3. The ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode is at least partially exposed in the chamber. 4. The ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, wherein the insulation layer comprises:
an organic insulation layer, on a side of the first electrode away from the substrate; and an inorganic insulation layer on a side of the organic insulation layer away from the substrate, wherein the chamber is located in the organic insulation layer. 5. The ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, wherein an area of a cross section of the chamber in a plane parallel with the substrate is gradually decreased in a direction from the first electrode to the second electrode. 6. The ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, further comprising: a protective layer located on a side of the second electrode away from the substrate. 7. An ultrasonic transducer array, comprising a plurality of ultrasonic transducers according to claim 1. 8. The ultrasonic transducer array according to claim 7, wherein the plurality of the ultrasonic transducers are arranged in a matrix. 9. A display device, comprising:
the ultrasonic transducer array according to claim 7; and a plurality of pixels, integrated on a side of the second electrode of the ultrasonic transducer array away from the first electrode. 10. The display device according to claim 9, wherein each of the plurality of pixels comprises a self-luminous structure. 11. The display device according to claim 10, wherein the pixel comprises an organic electroluminescent structure. 12. A manufacturing method of an ultrasonic transducer comprising:
forming a first electrode on a substrate; forming a through hole penetrating both the substrate and the first electrode; forming an insulation layer on the first electrode with the through hole formed therein, on a side of the first electrode away from the substrate; forming a second electrode on a side of the insulation layer away from the first electrode, the second electrode being disposed opposite to the first electrode; and forming a chamber in the insulation layer by using the through hole, the chamber being opposite to the first electrode and the second electrode, respectively, the chamber being in communication with the through hole, and the second electrode is not in contact with the chamber. 13. The manufacturing method of the ultrasonic transducer according to claim 12, wherein forming the chamber in the insulation layer by using the through hole comprises:
performing an etching process with a plasma gas on the insulation layer from a side where the substrate is located through the through hole to form the chamber in the insulation layer. 14. The manufacturing method of the ultrasonic transducer according to claim 13, wherein forming the chamber in the insulation layer by using the through hole comprises:
performing the etching process with at least one of O2 plasma or O3 plasma on the insulation layer from the side where the substrate is located through the through hole to form the chamber in the insulation layer. 15. The manufacturing method of the ultrasonic transducer according to claim 12, wherein forming the through hole penetrating both the substrate and the first electrode comprises:
forming the through hole penetrating both the substrate and the first electrode in the substrate and the first electrode by a laser ablation process; and performing a polishing process on both surfaces of the substrate and the first electrode with the through hole formed therein. 16. The manufacturing method of the ultrasonic transducer according to claim 12, wherein forming the insulation layer on the first electrode with the through hole formed therein, on a side of the first electrode away from the substrate comprises:
sequentially forming an organic insulation layer and an inorganic insulation layer on the first electrode with the through hole formed therein, on a side of the first electrode away from the substrate. 17. The manufacturing method of the ultrasonic transducer according to claim 12, wherein an orthographic projection of the first electrode on the substrate is at least partially overlapped with an orthographic projection of the second electrode on the substrate, an orthographic projection of the chamber on the substrate is at least partially overlapped with the orthographic projection of the first electrode on the substrate and is at least partially overlapped with the orthographic projection of the second electrode on the substrate. 18. The manufacturing method of the ultrasonic transducer according to claim 12, wherein the first electrode is at least partially exposed in the chamber. 19. The manufacturing method of the ultrasonic transducer according to claim 12, wherein an area of a cross section of the chamber in a plane parallel with the substrate is gradually decreased in a direction from the first electrode to the second electrode. | 2,600 |
340,657 | 16,642,115 | 2,654 | An example hand wrench is provided. The hand wrench may include a handle (15) having a handle opening (12), and an orbital member (24) received within the handle opening. The orbital member may be configured to move orbitally about a point axis. The hand ratchet wrench may further include a driver affixed to the orbital member. The driver may be configured to receive a socket that interfaces with a fastener to turn the fastener. | 1. A ratcheting hand wrench comprising:
a handle including a handle opening; an orbital member received within the handle opening, the orbital member being configured to move orbitally about a point axis; and a ratchet assembly operably coupled to the orbital member, the ratchet assembly configured to rotate a drive in response to the handle being turned in a first rotational direction and ratchet without turning the drive in response to the handle being turned a second rotational direction. 2. The ratcheting hand wrench of claim 1, further comprising:
a plurality of biasing members disposed at least partially within the handle; and a plurality of engaging members; wherein each biasing member applies a force on a respective engaging member directed into the handle opening such that the engaging member contacts and applies a force on the orbital member. 3. The ratcheting hand wrench of claim 2, wherein the orbital member includes a plurality of channels; and wherein each engaging member contacts the orbital member in a respective channel. 4. The ratcheting hand wrench of claim 3, wherein sidewalls of each of the channels are at least partially curved and wherein each engaging member has a curved surface that contacts the orbital member. 5. The ratcheting hand wrench of claim 3, wherein a width of each of the channels is larger than a width of each of the engaging members. 6. The ratcheting hand wrench of claim 3, wherein each of the channels include channel stops and wherein the channel stops prevent the engaging members from moving out of the channels. 7. The ratcheting hand wrench of claim 1, wherein an outer surface of the orbital member is convex. 8. The ratcheting hand wrench of claim 1, wherein an inner surface of the handle opening is concave. 9. The ratcheting hand wrench of claim 1, wherein the orbital member comprises an orbital member opening, and wherein a wall of the orbital member opening includes ratcheting teeth. 10. The ratcheting hand wrench of claim 9, wherein the ratchet assembly further comprises a movable pawl having pawl teeth, wherein at least a portion of the pawl teeth engage with the ratchet teeth of the orbital member. 11. A hand wrench comprising:
a handle including a handle opening; an orbital member received within the handle opening, the orbital member being configured to move orbitally about a point axis; and a driver affixed to the orbital member, the driver being configured to receive a socket that interfaces with a fastener to turn the fastener. 12. The hand wrench of claim 11, further comprising:
a biasing member disposed at least partially within the handle; and an engaging member; wherein the biasing member applies a force on the engaging member directed into the handle opening such that the engaging member contacts and applies a force on the orbital member. 13. The hand wrench of claim 12, wherein the orbital member includes a channel; and wherein the engaging member contacts the orbital member in the channel. 14. The hand wrench of claim 13, wherein the channel includes a first sidewall and a second sidewall, wherein the first sidewall and the second sidewall are at least partially curved and wherein the engaging member has a curved surface that contacts the orbital member. 15. The hand wrench of claim 13, wherein a width of the channel is larger than a width of the engaging member. 16. The hand wrench of claim 13, wherein the channel includes channel stops at each end of the channel and wherein the channel stops prevent the engaging member from moving out of the channel. 17. The hand wrench of claim 11, wherein an outer surface of the orbital member is convex. 18. The hand wrench of claim 11, wherein an inner surface of the handle opening is concave. 19. The hand wrench of claim 11, wherein the orbital member comprises an orbital member opening, and wherein a wall of the orbital member opening includes ratcheting teeth. 20. The hand wrench of claim 19, further comprises a movable pawl having pawl teeth, wherein at least a portion of the pawl teeth engage with the ratchet teeth of the orbital member. | An example hand wrench is provided. The hand wrench may include a handle (15) having a handle opening (12), and an orbital member (24) received within the handle opening. The orbital member may be configured to move orbitally about a point axis. The hand ratchet wrench may further include a driver affixed to the orbital member. The driver may be configured to receive a socket that interfaces with a fastener to turn the fastener.1. A ratcheting hand wrench comprising:
a handle including a handle opening; an orbital member received within the handle opening, the orbital member being configured to move orbitally about a point axis; and a ratchet assembly operably coupled to the orbital member, the ratchet assembly configured to rotate a drive in response to the handle being turned in a first rotational direction and ratchet without turning the drive in response to the handle being turned a second rotational direction. 2. The ratcheting hand wrench of claim 1, further comprising:
a plurality of biasing members disposed at least partially within the handle; and a plurality of engaging members; wherein each biasing member applies a force on a respective engaging member directed into the handle opening such that the engaging member contacts and applies a force on the orbital member. 3. The ratcheting hand wrench of claim 2, wherein the orbital member includes a plurality of channels; and wherein each engaging member contacts the orbital member in a respective channel. 4. The ratcheting hand wrench of claim 3, wherein sidewalls of each of the channels are at least partially curved and wherein each engaging member has a curved surface that contacts the orbital member. 5. The ratcheting hand wrench of claim 3, wherein a width of each of the channels is larger than a width of each of the engaging members. 6. The ratcheting hand wrench of claim 3, wherein each of the channels include channel stops and wherein the channel stops prevent the engaging members from moving out of the channels. 7. The ratcheting hand wrench of claim 1, wherein an outer surface of the orbital member is convex. 8. The ratcheting hand wrench of claim 1, wherein an inner surface of the handle opening is concave. 9. The ratcheting hand wrench of claim 1, wherein the orbital member comprises an orbital member opening, and wherein a wall of the orbital member opening includes ratcheting teeth. 10. The ratcheting hand wrench of claim 9, wherein the ratchet assembly further comprises a movable pawl having pawl teeth, wherein at least a portion of the pawl teeth engage with the ratchet teeth of the orbital member. 11. A hand wrench comprising:
a handle including a handle opening; an orbital member received within the handle opening, the orbital member being configured to move orbitally about a point axis; and a driver affixed to the orbital member, the driver being configured to receive a socket that interfaces with a fastener to turn the fastener. 12. The hand wrench of claim 11, further comprising:
a biasing member disposed at least partially within the handle; and an engaging member; wherein the biasing member applies a force on the engaging member directed into the handle opening such that the engaging member contacts and applies a force on the orbital member. 13. The hand wrench of claim 12, wherein the orbital member includes a channel; and wherein the engaging member contacts the orbital member in the channel. 14. The hand wrench of claim 13, wherein the channel includes a first sidewall and a second sidewall, wherein the first sidewall and the second sidewall are at least partially curved and wherein the engaging member has a curved surface that contacts the orbital member. 15. The hand wrench of claim 13, wherein a width of the channel is larger than a width of the engaging member. 16. The hand wrench of claim 13, wherein the channel includes channel stops at each end of the channel and wherein the channel stops prevent the engaging member from moving out of the channel. 17. The hand wrench of claim 11, wherein an outer surface of the orbital member is convex. 18. The hand wrench of claim 11, wherein an inner surface of the handle opening is concave. 19. The hand wrench of claim 11, wherein the orbital member comprises an orbital member opening, and wherein a wall of the orbital member opening includes ratcheting teeth. 20. The hand wrench of claim 19, further comprises a movable pawl having pawl teeth, wherein at least a portion of the pawl teeth engage with the ratchet teeth of the orbital member. | 2,600 |
340,658 | 16,642,131 | 2,654 | Infusion pump interfaces providing simple and intuitive user experiences. A controller display subsystem for implementing infusion pump interfaces includes a processor, a memory, display logic, keypad I/O, and screen I/O. Display logic can command the processor via the memory to implement desirable displays on screen I/O. | 1. A system for controlling an infusion pump display, the infusion pump including a processor, memory operably coupled to the processor, and display logic comprising instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to:
display a first subset of infusion parameters on a first running screen of the infusion pump; display a second subset of infusion parameters on a second running screen of the infusion pump, wherein the first subset of infusion parameters is greater than the second subset of infusion parameters and the display of the first subset of infusion parameters is in a smaller presentation size than the display of the second subset of infusion parameters; evaluate a condition related to the infusion pump; and based on the evaluation of the condition, automatically and without user intervention, display a specialized screen related to a current status of the system. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the specialized screen comprises at least one of data, a programming field, a parameter, or a graph related to the condition. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a sensor configured to provide a measurement related to the infusion pump, wherein the display logic instructions causing the processor to evaluate the condition related to the infusion pump includes evaluating the measurement, and wherein the specialized screen is based on the measurement. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the sensor is a flow sensor and the specialized screen comprises a graph of the flow detected by the flow sensor. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the condition is an alarm condition and the display logic further comprises instructions to, automatically and without user intervention, re-display the first running screen. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the display logic further comprises instructions to evaluate a second condition related to the infusion pump and based on the evaluation of the second condition, automatically and without user intervention, re-display the second running screen. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the display logic instructions causing the processor to evaluate the condition related to the infusion pump includes at least one of a predictive algorithm determination, a near-field communication component determination, a peripheral device connection determination, or a signature determination. 8. A method for programming an infusion pump, the method comprising:
providing an infusion pump including a processor, memory operably coupled to the processor, an infusion pump touchscreen interface, and a tactile infusion pump interface, wherein the processor is configured to display infusion pump data using the infusion pump touchscreen interface and receive infusion pump data from the infusion pump touchscreen interface and the tactile infusion pump interface; receiving at least one infusion pump programming input on the infusion pump touchscreen interface; receiving an infusion pump initiation command on the tactile infusion pump interface; and locking the infusion pump touchscreen interface upon beginning the infusion in response to the infusion pump initiation command. 9. The method for programming an infusion pump of claim 8, wherein the infusion pump touchscreen interface is presented proximate the tactile infusion pump interface on the infusion pump. 10. The method for programming an infusion pump of claim 8, wherein the at least one infusion pump programming input includes an infusion rate value. 11. The method for programming an infusion pump of claim 8, wherein locking the infusion pump touchscreen interface comprises displaying the infusion pump data as uneditable without a disabled appearance. 12. The method for programming an infusion pump of claim 8, wherein locking the infusion pump touchscreen interface comprises:
disabling touch input for the infusion pump touchscreen interface; and enabling a portion of the infusion pump touchscreen interface as an unlock touch target area. 13. The method for programming an infusion pump of claim 8, wherein the tactile infusion pump interface comprises a start infusion button and a stop infusion button, and wherein the infusion pump initiation command is received by activation of the start infusion button. 14. The method for programming an infusion pump of claim 13, further comprising:
receiving a stop infusion command by activation of the stop infusion button; and unlocking the infusion pump touchscreen interface upon stopping the infusion in response to the stop infusion command. 15. The method for programming an infusion pump of claim 8, further comprising:
detecting an auto-unlock condition; and unlocking the infusion pump touchscreen interface. 16. The method for programming an infusion pump of claim 15, wherein the auto-unlock condition comprises a time of last touch of the infusion pump touchscreen interface or the tactile infusion pump interface. 17. The method for programming an infusion pump of claim 15, wherein the auto-unlock condition comprises an infusion pump fault. 18. A method for programming a syringe pump including a processor, memory operably coupled to the processor, and display logic configured to present a touchscreen interface, the method comprising:
receiving a syringe in a syringe loading area of the syringe pump; presenting, by the display logic, a programming interface in which infusion parameters related to the syringe can be entered in any order; and starting an infusion with the syringe using the infusion parameters. 19. The method for programming a syringe pump of claim 18, wherein presenting, by the display logic, the programming interface in which infusion parameters related to the syringe can be entered in any order comprises presenting all editable parameter fields on the same screen. 20. The method for programming a syringe pump of claim 18, wherein the programming interface in which infusion parameters related to the syringe can be entered in any order is presented prior to receiving the syringe in the syringe loading area of the syringe pump. | Infusion pump interfaces providing simple and intuitive user experiences. A controller display subsystem for implementing infusion pump interfaces includes a processor, a memory, display logic, keypad I/O, and screen I/O. Display logic can command the processor via the memory to implement desirable displays on screen I/O.1. A system for controlling an infusion pump display, the infusion pump including a processor, memory operably coupled to the processor, and display logic comprising instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to:
display a first subset of infusion parameters on a first running screen of the infusion pump; display a second subset of infusion parameters on a second running screen of the infusion pump, wherein the first subset of infusion parameters is greater than the second subset of infusion parameters and the display of the first subset of infusion parameters is in a smaller presentation size than the display of the second subset of infusion parameters; evaluate a condition related to the infusion pump; and based on the evaluation of the condition, automatically and without user intervention, display a specialized screen related to a current status of the system. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the specialized screen comprises at least one of data, a programming field, a parameter, or a graph related to the condition. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a sensor configured to provide a measurement related to the infusion pump, wherein the display logic instructions causing the processor to evaluate the condition related to the infusion pump includes evaluating the measurement, and wherein the specialized screen is based on the measurement. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the sensor is a flow sensor and the specialized screen comprises a graph of the flow detected by the flow sensor. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the condition is an alarm condition and the display logic further comprises instructions to, automatically and without user intervention, re-display the first running screen. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the display logic further comprises instructions to evaluate a second condition related to the infusion pump and based on the evaluation of the second condition, automatically and without user intervention, re-display the second running screen. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the display logic instructions causing the processor to evaluate the condition related to the infusion pump includes at least one of a predictive algorithm determination, a near-field communication component determination, a peripheral device connection determination, or a signature determination. 8. A method for programming an infusion pump, the method comprising:
providing an infusion pump including a processor, memory operably coupled to the processor, an infusion pump touchscreen interface, and a tactile infusion pump interface, wherein the processor is configured to display infusion pump data using the infusion pump touchscreen interface and receive infusion pump data from the infusion pump touchscreen interface and the tactile infusion pump interface; receiving at least one infusion pump programming input on the infusion pump touchscreen interface; receiving an infusion pump initiation command on the tactile infusion pump interface; and locking the infusion pump touchscreen interface upon beginning the infusion in response to the infusion pump initiation command. 9. The method for programming an infusion pump of claim 8, wherein the infusion pump touchscreen interface is presented proximate the tactile infusion pump interface on the infusion pump. 10. The method for programming an infusion pump of claim 8, wherein the at least one infusion pump programming input includes an infusion rate value. 11. The method for programming an infusion pump of claim 8, wherein locking the infusion pump touchscreen interface comprises displaying the infusion pump data as uneditable without a disabled appearance. 12. The method for programming an infusion pump of claim 8, wherein locking the infusion pump touchscreen interface comprises:
disabling touch input for the infusion pump touchscreen interface; and enabling a portion of the infusion pump touchscreen interface as an unlock touch target area. 13. The method for programming an infusion pump of claim 8, wherein the tactile infusion pump interface comprises a start infusion button and a stop infusion button, and wherein the infusion pump initiation command is received by activation of the start infusion button. 14. The method for programming an infusion pump of claim 13, further comprising:
receiving a stop infusion command by activation of the stop infusion button; and unlocking the infusion pump touchscreen interface upon stopping the infusion in response to the stop infusion command. 15. The method for programming an infusion pump of claim 8, further comprising:
detecting an auto-unlock condition; and unlocking the infusion pump touchscreen interface. 16. The method for programming an infusion pump of claim 15, wherein the auto-unlock condition comprises a time of last touch of the infusion pump touchscreen interface or the tactile infusion pump interface. 17. The method for programming an infusion pump of claim 15, wherein the auto-unlock condition comprises an infusion pump fault. 18. A method for programming a syringe pump including a processor, memory operably coupled to the processor, and display logic configured to present a touchscreen interface, the method comprising:
receiving a syringe in a syringe loading area of the syringe pump; presenting, by the display logic, a programming interface in which infusion parameters related to the syringe can be entered in any order; and starting an infusion with the syringe using the infusion parameters. 19. The method for programming a syringe pump of claim 18, wherein presenting, by the display logic, the programming interface in which infusion parameters related to the syringe can be entered in any order comprises presenting all editable parameter fields on the same screen. 20. The method for programming a syringe pump of claim 18, wherein the programming interface in which infusion parameters related to the syringe can be entered in any order is presented prior to receiving the syringe in the syringe loading area of the syringe pump. | 2,600 |
340,659 | 16,642,113 | 2,654 | The intravenous catheter (100, 200) includes the flexible plastic catheter tube (102) having proximal end (104) and distal end (106), the catheter hub (112, 112-A, 112-B, 112-C, 198) having inner chamber (114, 202) influid connection the catheter tube (102). The intravenous catheter (100, 200) further includes the needle (110) adapted to extend along the catheter tube (102). The intravenous catheter further includes the needle cover (146, 146-A) connected to the catheter hub (112, 112-A, 112-B, 112-C, 198). The needle cover (146, 146-A) has the tubular sleeve (150, 150-A) with the slit (152, 152-A) and the bore (154, 154-A) for receiving the needle (110) such that when the needle (110) is retracted from the needle cover (146, 146-A), the needle cover (146, 146-A) which is in tight fit relationship with the catheter hub (112, 112-A, 112-B, 112-C, 198) disengages the catheter hub (112, 112-A, 112-B, 112-C, 198). | 1. An intravenous catheter, comprising:
a flexible plastic catheter tube having a proximal end and a distal end; a catheter hub having an inner chamber in fluid connection with the catheter tube forming a first fluid pathway, the catheter hub having a distal end connected to the proximal end of the catheter tube having a bore; and a needle having a proximal end, a tip at a distal end and an enlarged dimension feature towards the distal end, the needle adapted to extend along a length of the bore of the catheter tube and the proximal end of the needle being press fitted in a needle hub, the needle hub connected to a flashback chamber through an extended portion of the needle hub, wherein a needle cover is connected to the catheter hub by at least one projection and at least one recess configuration, and wherein the needle cover has a tubular sleeve with an axially oriented radially inward extending slit and a bore for receiving the needle such that when the needle is retracted from the needle cover, the needle cover which is in tight fit relationship with the catheter hub disengages the catheter hub. 2. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tubular sleeve comprises the recess on its outer surface configured to engage with the projection in the catheter hub, wherein the recess is a groove or cavity on the outer surface of the tubular sleeve. 3. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tubular sleeve comprises a projection on the outer surface of the tubular sleeve configured to engage with a recess in the catheter hub, wherein the recess is a groove or cavity on an inner surface of the catheter hub. 4. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the needle cover having the tubular sleeve with the slit and the bore is adapted to receive the needle such that when the needle is inserted into the needle cover, the extended dimension feature of the needle pushes the slit outwardly for locking of the needle cover with the catheter hub by engagement of the projection with the recess. 5. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the projection is a radially extending ring-like structure or a protruding feature designed to mesh with the recess. 6. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the catheter hub comprises an outer port abutting on an outer surface forming a second fluid pathway, wherein the second fluid pathway is in fluid communication with the first fluid pathway. 7. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 6, wherein the outer port is provided with a dispensing cap in which a hinge of the dispensing cap has a spring action. 8. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 7, wherein the dispensing cap and the outer port are connected together by the hinge urging the dispensing cap to freely swing to a fully open or a fully closed position when pushed in respective directions. 9. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an elongated tube connected to the extended portion of the needle hub. 10. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 9, wherein the elongated tube comprises an inner chamber with a first end and a second end, such that the second end is configured to be connected to the extended portion of the needle hub. 11. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 10, wherein the elongated tube comprises a hydrophobic filter disposed within the inner chamber proximal to the first end. 12. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a rigid conical guide member abutting a disc in the catheter hub, wherein the disc is made of silicone. 13. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the needle cover is connected to a casing, the casing being detachably connected to the needle cover via one or more ribs and to the needle hub via one or more hooks inserted into one or more slots of the needle hub. 14. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the needle is a hypodermic needle having a bevelled tip. | The intravenous catheter (100, 200) includes the flexible plastic catheter tube (102) having proximal end (104) and distal end (106), the catheter hub (112, 112-A, 112-B, 112-C, 198) having inner chamber (114, 202) influid connection the catheter tube (102). The intravenous catheter (100, 200) further includes the needle (110) adapted to extend along the catheter tube (102). The intravenous catheter further includes the needle cover (146, 146-A) connected to the catheter hub (112, 112-A, 112-B, 112-C, 198). The needle cover (146, 146-A) has the tubular sleeve (150, 150-A) with the slit (152, 152-A) and the bore (154, 154-A) for receiving the needle (110) such that when the needle (110) is retracted from the needle cover (146, 146-A), the needle cover (146, 146-A) which is in tight fit relationship with the catheter hub (112, 112-A, 112-B, 112-C, 198) disengages the catheter hub (112, 112-A, 112-B, 112-C, 198).1. An intravenous catheter, comprising:
a flexible plastic catheter tube having a proximal end and a distal end; a catheter hub having an inner chamber in fluid connection with the catheter tube forming a first fluid pathway, the catheter hub having a distal end connected to the proximal end of the catheter tube having a bore; and a needle having a proximal end, a tip at a distal end and an enlarged dimension feature towards the distal end, the needle adapted to extend along a length of the bore of the catheter tube and the proximal end of the needle being press fitted in a needle hub, the needle hub connected to a flashback chamber through an extended portion of the needle hub, wherein a needle cover is connected to the catheter hub by at least one projection and at least one recess configuration, and wherein the needle cover has a tubular sleeve with an axially oriented radially inward extending slit and a bore for receiving the needle such that when the needle is retracted from the needle cover, the needle cover which is in tight fit relationship with the catheter hub disengages the catheter hub. 2. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tubular sleeve comprises the recess on its outer surface configured to engage with the projection in the catheter hub, wherein the recess is a groove or cavity on the outer surface of the tubular sleeve. 3. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tubular sleeve comprises a projection on the outer surface of the tubular sleeve configured to engage with a recess in the catheter hub, wherein the recess is a groove or cavity on an inner surface of the catheter hub. 4. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the needle cover having the tubular sleeve with the slit and the bore is adapted to receive the needle such that when the needle is inserted into the needle cover, the extended dimension feature of the needle pushes the slit outwardly for locking of the needle cover with the catheter hub by engagement of the projection with the recess. 5. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the projection is a radially extending ring-like structure or a protruding feature designed to mesh with the recess. 6. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the catheter hub comprises an outer port abutting on an outer surface forming a second fluid pathway, wherein the second fluid pathway is in fluid communication with the first fluid pathway. 7. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 6, wherein the outer port is provided with a dispensing cap in which a hinge of the dispensing cap has a spring action. 8. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 7, wherein the dispensing cap and the outer port are connected together by the hinge urging the dispensing cap to freely swing to a fully open or a fully closed position when pushed in respective directions. 9. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an elongated tube connected to the extended portion of the needle hub. 10. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 9, wherein the elongated tube comprises an inner chamber with a first end and a second end, such that the second end is configured to be connected to the extended portion of the needle hub. 11. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 10, wherein the elongated tube comprises a hydrophobic filter disposed within the inner chamber proximal to the first end. 12. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a rigid conical guide member abutting a disc in the catheter hub, wherein the disc is made of silicone. 13. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the needle cover is connected to a casing, the casing being detachably connected to the needle cover via one or more ribs and to the needle hub via one or more hooks inserted into one or more slots of the needle hub. 14. The intravenous catheter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the needle is a hypodermic needle having a bevelled tip. | 2,600 |
340,660 | 16,642,069 | 2,654 | Silica particles having ad50 median particle size of at least 6 μm, a ratio of (d90−d10)/d50 from 1.1 to 2.4, a RDA at 20 wt. % loading from 40 to 200, and a sphericity factor (S80) of at least 0.9, are disclosed, as well as methods for making these silica particles, and dentifrice compositions containing the silica particles. | 1: A process for producing silica particles, the process comprising:
(a) continuously feeding a mineral acid and an alkali metal silicate into a loop reaction zone comprising a stream of liquid medium, wherein at least a portion of the mineral acid and the alkali metal silicate react to form the silica particles in the liquid medium of the loop reaction zone; (b) continuously recirculating the liquid medium through the loop reaction zone, wherein the loop reaction zone does not comprise a stator screen or the loop reaction zone comprises a stator screen with openings greater than 3 mm2 in cross sectional area, or a shear frequency in the loop reaction zone is less than 1,000,000 interactions/min, or both; and (c) continuously discharging from the loop reaction zone a portion of the liquid medium comprising the silica particles. 2: The process of claim 1, wherein (a)-(c) are performed simultaneously. 3: The process of claim 1, wherein the loop reaction zone comprises a continuous loop of one or more loop reactor pipes. 4: The process of claim 1, wherein:
the mineral acid and the alkali metal silicate are fed into the loop reaction zone at different points along the loop reaction zone; the mineral acid comprises sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, or a combination thereof; and the alkali metal silicate comprises sodium silicate. 5: The process of claim 1, wherein the liquid medium is recirculated through the loop reaction zone at a pH in a range from about 6 to about 10. 6: The process of claim 1, wherein:
the portion of the liquid medium discharged from the loop reaction zone is discharged at a volumetric rate proportional to an amount of the mineral acid and the alkali metal silicate fed into the loop reaction zone; and (a)-(c) are performed in a continuous single loop reactor. 7: The process of claim 1, wherein the liquid medium is recirculated through the loop reaction zone at a rate in a range from about 15 L/min to about 150 L/min. 8: The process of claim 1, wherein the liquid medium is recirculated through the loop reaction zone at a rate ranging from about 50 vol. % per minute to about 1000 vol. % per minute. 9: The process of claim 1, wherein greater than 95 wt. % of the liquid medium is recirculated in (b). 10: The process of claim 1, wherein (b) is conducted at a temperature in a range from about 85 to about 100° C. 11: The process of claim 1, further comprising adjusting a pH after (c), filtering after (c), washing after (c), drying after (c), or any combination thereof. 12: The process of claim 1, wherein the silica particles have:
(i) a d50 median particle size of greater than or equal to about 6 μm; (ii) a ratio of (d90−d10)/d50 in a range from about 1.1 to about 2.4; (iii) a Relative Dentin Abrasion (RDA) at 20 wt. % loading in a range from about 40 to about 200; and (iv) a sphericity factor (S80) of greater than or equal to about 0.9. 13: Silica particles produced by the process of claim 1. 14: The silica particles of claim 13, wherein the silica particles are precipitated silica particles. 15: The silica particles of claim 13, wherein the silica particles are amorphous. 16: Silica particles having:
(i) a d50 median particle size of greater than or equal to about 6 μm; (ii) a ratio of (d90−d10)/d50 in a range from about 1.1 to about 2.4; (iii) a Relative Dentin Abrasion (RDA) at 20 wt. % loading in a range from about 40 to about 200; and (iv) a sphericity factor (S80) of greater than or equal to about 0.9. 17: The silica particles of claim 16, wherein:
(i) the d50 median particle size is in a range from about 7 to about 25 μm; or (ii) the ratio of (d90−d10)/d50 is in a range from about 1.1 to about 2.2; or (iii) the RDA at 20 wt. % loading is in a range from about 50 to about 190; or (iv) the silica particles have an oil absorption in a range from about 30 to about 115 cc/100 g; or (v) the silica particles have a pack density in a range from about 25 to about 65 lb/ft3; or (vi) the silica particles have a BET surface area in a range from about 10 to about 200 m2/g; or (vii) the silica particles have a 325 mesh residue of less than or equal to about 1.2 wt. %; or (viii) the sphericity factor (S80) is greater than or equal to about 0.92; or (ix) the silica particles have an Einlehner abrasion value in a range from about 0.5 to about 7 mg lost/100,000 revolutions; or (x) the silica particles are precipitated silica particles; or (xi) the silica particles are amorphous; or any combination thereof. 18: A composition comprising the silica particles of claim 16. 19: A dentifrice composition comprising the silica particles of claim 16. 20: A dentifrice composition comprising from about 0.5 to about 50 wt. % of the silica particles of claim 16. 21: The dentifrice composition of claim 19, wherein the dentifrice composition further comprises at least one of a humectant, a solvent, a binder, a therapeutic agent, a chelating agent, a thickener other than the silica particles, a surfactant, an abrasive other than the silica particles, a sweetening agent, a colorant, a flavoring agent, and a preservative, or any combination thereof. | Silica particles having ad50 median particle size of at least 6 μm, a ratio of (d90−d10)/d50 from 1.1 to 2.4, a RDA at 20 wt. % loading from 40 to 200, and a sphericity factor (S80) of at least 0.9, are disclosed, as well as methods for making these silica particles, and dentifrice compositions containing the silica particles.1: A process for producing silica particles, the process comprising:
(a) continuously feeding a mineral acid and an alkali metal silicate into a loop reaction zone comprising a stream of liquid medium, wherein at least a portion of the mineral acid and the alkali metal silicate react to form the silica particles in the liquid medium of the loop reaction zone; (b) continuously recirculating the liquid medium through the loop reaction zone, wherein the loop reaction zone does not comprise a stator screen or the loop reaction zone comprises a stator screen with openings greater than 3 mm2 in cross sectional area, or a shear frequency in the loop reaction zone is less than 1,000,000 interactions/min, or both; and (c) continuously discharging from the loop reaction zone a portion of the liquid medium comprising the silica particles. 2: The process of claim 1, wherein (a)-(c) are performed simultaneously. 3: The process of claim 1, wherein the loop reaction zone comprises a continuous loop of one or more loop reactor pipes. 4: The process of claim 1, wherein:
the mineral acid and the alkali metal silicate are fed into the loop reaction zone at different points along the loop reaction zone; the mineral acid comprises sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, or a combination thereof; and the alkali metal silicate comprises sodium silicate. 5: The process of claim 1, wherein the liquid medium is recirculated through the loop reaction zone at a pH in a range from about 6 to about 10. 6: The process of claim 1, wherein:
the portion of the liquid medium discharged from the loop reaction zone is discharged at a volumetric rate proportional to an amount of the mineral acid and the alkali metal silicate fed into the loop reaction zone; and (a)-(c) are performed in a continuous single loop reactor. 7: The process of claim 1, wherein the liquid medium is recirculated through the loop reaction zone at a rate in a range from about 15 L/min to about 150 L/min. 8: The process of claim 1, wherein the liquid medium is recirculated through the loop reaction zone at a rate ranging from about 50 vol. % per minute to about 1000 vol. % per minute. 9: The process of claim 1, wherein greater than 95 wt. % of the liquid medium is recirculated in (b). 10: The process of claim 1, wherein (b) is conducted at a temperature in a range from about 85 to about 100° C. 11: The process of claim 1, further comprising adjusting a pH after (c), filtering after (c), washing after (c), drying after (c), or any combination thereof. 12: The process of claim 1, wherein the silica particles have:
(i) a d50 median particle size of greater than or equal to about 6 μm; (ii) a ratio of (d90−d10)/d50 in a range from about 1.1 to about 2.4; (iii) a Relative Dentin Abrasion (RDA) at 20 wt. % loading in a range from about 40 to about 200; and (iv) a sphericity factor (S80) of greater than or equal to about 0.9. 13: Silica particles produced by the process of claim 1. 14: The silica particles of claim 13, wherein the silica particles are precipitated silica particles. 15: The silica particles of claim 13, wherein the silica particles are amorphous. 16: Silica particles having:
(i) a d50 median particle size of greater than or equal to about 6 μm; (ii) a ratio of (d90−d10)/d50 in a range from about 1.1 to about 2.4; (iii) a Relative Dentin Abrasion (RDA) at 20 wt. % loading in a range from about 40 to about 200; and (iv) a sphericity factor (S80) of greater than or equal to about 0.9. 17: The silica particles of claim 16, wherein:
(i) the d50 median particle size is in a range from about 7 to about 25 μm; or (ii) the ratio of (d90−d10)/d50 is in a range from about 1.1 to about 2.2; or (iii) the RDA at 20 wt. % loading is in a range from about 50 to about 190; or (iv) the silica particles have an oil absorption in a range from about 30 to about 115 cc/100 g; or (v) the silica particles have a pack density in a range from about 25 to about 65 lb/ft3; or (vi) the silica particles have a BET surface area in a range from about 10 to about 200 m2/g; or (vii) the silica particles have a 325 mesh residue of less than or equal to about 1.2 wt. %; or (viii) the sphericity factor (S80) is greater than or equal to about 0.92; or (ix) the silica particles have an Einlehner abrasion value in a range from about 0.5 to about 7 mg lost/100,000 revolutions; or (x) the silica particles are precipitated silica particles; or (xi) the silica particles are amorphous; or any combination thereof. 18: A composition comprising the silica particles of claim 16. 19: A dentifrice composition comprising the silica particles of claim 16. 20: A dentifrice composition comprising from about 0.5 to about 50 wt. % of the silica particles of claim 16. 21: The dentifrice composition of claim 19, wherein the dentifrice composition further comprises at least one of a humectant, a solvent, a binder, a therapeutic agent, a chelating agent, a thickener other than the silica particles, a surfactant, an abrasive other than the silica particles, a sweetening agent, a colorant, a flavoring agent, and a preservative, or any combination thereof. | 2,600 |
340,661 | 16,642,128 | 2,654 | A terminal apparatus monitors a set of first PDCCH candidates in one subframe in EUTRA and a set of second PDCCH candidates in one slot in NR, and transmits UE capability information. The UE capability information indicates at least a maximum number A of times of blind decoding in the set of the first PDCCH candidates and a maximum number B of times of blind decoding in the set of the second PDCCH candidates, the maximum numbers A and B being supported by the terminal apparatus. | 1. A terminal apparatus comprising:
a receiver configured to monitor a set of first PDCCH candidates in one subframe in EUTRA and a set of second PDCCH candidates in one slot in NR; and a transmitter configured to transmit UE capability information, wherein the UE capability information indicates at least a maximum number A of times of blind decoding in the set of the first PDCCH candidates and a maximum number B of times of blind decoding in the set of the second PDCCH candidates, the maximum numbers A and B being supported by the terminal apparatus. 2. A base station apparatus connected to another base station apparatus transmitting a second PDCCH in a set of second PDCCH candidates in one slot in NR, the base station apparatus comprising:
a transmitter configured to transmit, to a terminal apparatus, a first PDCCH in a set of first PDCCH candidates in one subframe in EUTRA, and a receiver configured to receive UE capability information from the terminal apparatus, wherein the UE capability information indicates at least a maximum number A of times of blind decoding in the set of the first PDCCH candidates and a maximum number B of times of blind decoding in the set of the second PDCCH candidates, the maximum numbers A and B being supported by the terminal apparatus. 3. A base station apparatus comprising:
a transmitter configured to transmit, to a terminal apparatus, a first PDCCH in a set of first PDCCH candidates in one subframe in EUTRA and to transmit, to the terminal apparatus, a second PDCCH in a set of second PDCCH candidates in one slot in NR; and a receiver configured to receive UE capability information from the terminal apparatus, wherein the UE capability information indicates at least a maximum number A of times of blind decoding in the set of the first PDCCH candidates and a maximum number B of times of blind decoding in the set of the second PDCCH candidates, the maximum numbers A and B being supported by the terminal apparatus. 4. A communication method for a terminal apparatus, the communication method comprising:
monitoring a set of first PDCCH candidates in one subframe in EUTRA and a set of second PDCCH candidates in one slot in NR, and transmitting UE capability information, wherein the UE capability information indicates at least a maximum number A of times of blind decoding in the set of the first PDCCH candidates and a maximum number B of times of blind decoding in the set of the second PDCCH candidates, the maximum numbers A and B being supported by the terminal apparatus. 5. A communication method for a base station apparatus connected to another base station apparatus transmitting a second PDCCH in a set of second PDCCH candidates in one slot in NR, the communication method comprising:
transmitting, to a terminal apparatus, a first PDCCH in a set of first PDCCH candidates in one subframe in EUTRA; and receiving UE capability information from the terminal apparatus, wherein the UE capability information indicates at least a maximum number A of times of blind decoding in the set of the first PDCCH candidates and a maximum number B of times of blind decoding in the set of the second PDCCH candidates, the maximum numbers A and B being supported by the terminal apparatus. 6. A communication method for a base station apparatus, the communication method comprising:
transmitting, to a terminal apparatus, a first PDCCH in a set of first PDCCH candidates in one subframe in EUTRA and transmitting, to the terminal apparatus, a second PDCCH in a set of second PDCCH candidates in one slot in NR; and receiving UE capability information from the terminal apparatus, wherein the UE capability information indicates at least a maximum number A of times of blind decoding in the set of the first PDCCH candidates and a maximum number B of times of blind decoding in the set of the second PDCCH candidates, the maximum numbers A and B being supported by the terminal apparatus. | A terminal apparatus monitors a set of first PDCCH candidates in one subframe in EUTRA and a set of second PDCCH candidates in one slot in NR, and transmits UE capability information. The UE capability information indicates at least a maximum number A of times of blind decoding in the set of the first PDCCH candidates and a maximum number B of times of blind decoding in the set of the second PDCCH candidates, the maximum numbers A and B being supported by the terminal apparatus.1. A terminal apparatus comprising:
a receiver configured to monitor a set of first PDCCH candidates in one subframe in EUTRA and a set of second PDCCH candidates in one slot in NR; and a transmitter configured to transmit UE capability information, wherein the UE capability information indicates at least a maximum number A of times of blind decoding in the set of the first PDCCH candidates and a maximum number B of times of blind decoding in the set of the second PDCCH candidates, the maximum numbers A and B being supported by the terminal apparatus. 2. A base station apparatus connected to another base station apparatus transmitting a second PDCCH in a set of second PDCCH candidates in one slot in NR, the base station apparatus comprising:
a transmitter configured to transmit, to a terminal apparatus, a first PDCCH in a set of first PDCCH candidates in one subframe in EUTRA, and a receiver configured to receive UE capability information from the terminal apparatus, wherein the UE capability information indicates at least a maximum number A of times of blind decoding in the set of the first PDCCH candidates and a maximum number B of times of blind decoding in the set of the second PDCCH candidates, the maximum numbers A and B being supported by the terminal apparatus. 3. A base station apparatus comprising:
a transmitter configured to transmit, to a terminal apparatus, a first PDCCH in a set of first PDCCH candidates in one subframe in EUTRA and to transmit, to the terminal apparatus, a second PDCCH in a set of second PDCCH candidates in one slot in NR; and a receiver configured to receive UE capability information from the terminal apparatus, wherein the UE capability information indicates at least a maximum number A of times of blind decoding in the set of the first PDCCH candidates and a maximum number B of times of blind decoding in the set of the second PDCCH candidates, the maximum numbers A and B being supported by the terminal apparatus. 4. A communication method for a terminal apparatus, the communication method comprising:
monitoring a set of first PDCCH candidates in one subframe in EUTRA and a set of second PDCCH candidates in one slot in NR, and transmitting UE capability information, wherein the UE capability information indicates at least a maximum number A of times of blind decoding in the set of the first PDCCH candidates and a maximum number B of times of blind decoding in the set of the second PDCCH candidates, the maximum numbers A and B being supported by the terminal apparatus. 5. A communication method for a base station apparatus connected to another base station apparatus transmitting a second PDCCH in a set of second PDCCH candidates in one slot in NR, the communication method comprising:
transmitting, to a terminal apparatus, a first PDCCH in a set of first PDCCH candidates in one subframe in EUTRA; and receiving UE capability information from the terminal apparatus, wherein the UE capability information indicates at least a maximum number A of times of blind decoding in the set of the first PDCCH candidates and a maximum number B of times of blind decoding in the set of the second PDCCH candidates, the maximum numbers A and B being supported by the terminal apparatus. 6. A communication method for a base station apparatus, the communication method comprising:
transmitting, to a terminal apparatus, a first PDCCH in a set of first PDCCH candidates in one subframe in EUTRA and transmitting, to the terminal apparatus, a second PDCCH in a set of second PDCCH candidates in one slot in NR; and receiving UE capability information from the terminal apparatus, wherein the UE capability information indicates at least a maximum number A of times of blind decoding in the set of the first PDCCH candidates and a maximum number B of times of blind decoding in the set of the second PDCCH candidates, the maximum numbers A and B being supported by the terminal apparatus. | 2,600 |
340,662 | 16,642,126 | 2,654 | A disease risk assessment apparatus (100) includes an assessment unit (1) for assessing the risk of developing dementia in a subject, based on the concentration of an amino acid in the blood of the subject. The amino acid includes at least one selected from the group consisting of histidine, phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, threonine, glycine, glutamine, lysine, asparagine, homocysteine, cystathionine, S-adenosylmethionine, and S-adenosylhomocysteine. | 1. A disease risk assessment apparatus comprising:
an assessment unit for assessing risk of developing dementia in a subject, based on a concentration of an amino acid in blood of the subject, wherein the amino acid comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of histidine, phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, threonine, glycine, glutamine, lysine, asparagine, homocysteine, cystathionine, S-adenosylmethionine, and S-adenosylhomocysteine. 2. The disease risk assessment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the assessment unit assesses risk of developing dementia or Alzheimer-type dementia in a subject, based on concentrations of methionine and threonine in blood of the subject. 3. The disease risk assessment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the assessment unit assesses risk of developing Alzheimer-type dementia or vascular dementia in a subject, based on concentrations of histidine, phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, threonine, lysine, valine, and tryptophan in blood of the subject. 4. The disease risk assessment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the assessment unit assesses risk of developing Alzheimer-type dementia or vascular dementia in a subject, based on concentrations of histidine, isoleucine, methionine, lysine, asparagine, and tryptophan in blood of the subject. 5. The disease risk assessment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the assessment unit assesses the risk of developing Alzheimer-type dementia or vascular dementia in a subject, based on concentrations of histidine, isoleucine, methionine, lysine, asparagine, glutamine, and tryptophan in blood of the subject. 6. The disease risk assessment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the assessment unit assesses the risk of developing Alzheimer-type dementia or vascular dementia in a subject, based on the concentrations of isoleucine, glutamine, and lysine in the blood of the subject. 7. The disease risk assessment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the assessment unit assesses risk of developing dementia in a subject, based on a concentration ratio between methionine and homocysteine in blood of the subject. 8. The disease risk assessment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the assessment unit assesses risk of developing dementia, Alzheimer-type dementia, or vascular dementia in a subject, based on a concentration ratio between S-adenosylmethionine and S-adenosylhomocysteine in blood of the subject. 9. The disease risk assessment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the assessment unit assesses risk of developing dementia in the subject within five years after collection of the blood. 10. A disease risk assessment method comprising:
a step of assessing risk of developing dementia in a subject, based on a concentration of an amino acid in blood of the subject, wherein the amino acid comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of histidine, phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, threonine, glycine, glutamine, lysine, asparagine, homocysteine, cystathionine, S-adenosylmethionine, and S-adenosylhomocysteine. 11. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing a program for causing a computer to function as:
an assessment unit for assessing risk of developing dementia in a subject, based on a concentration of an amino acid in blood of the subject, wherein the amino acid comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of histidine, phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, threonine, glycine, glutamine, lysine, asparagine, homocysteine, cystathionine, S-adenosylmethionine, and S-adenosylhomocysteine. 12. (canceled) | A disease risk assessment apparatus (100) includes an assessment unit (1) for assessing the risk of developing dementia in a subject, based on the concentration of an amino acid in the blood of the subject. The amino acid includes at least one selected from the group consisting of histidine, phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, threonine, glycine, glutamine, lysine, asparagine, homocysteine, cystathionine, S-adenosylmethionine, and S-adenosylhomocysteine.1. A disease risk assessment apparatus comprising:
an assessment unit for assessing risk of developing dementia in a subject, based on a concentration of an amino acid in blood of the subject, wherein the amino acid comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of histidine, phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, threonine, glycine, glutamine, lysine, asparagine, homocysteine, cystathionine, S-adenosylmethionine, and S-adenosylhomocysteine. 2. The disease risk assessment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the assessment unit assesses risk of developing dementia or Alzheimer-type dementia in a subject, based on concentrations of methionine and threonine in blood of the subject. 3. The disease risk assessment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the assessment unit assesses risk of developing Alzheimer-type dementia or vascular dementia in a subject, based on concentrations of histidine, phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, threonine, lysine, valine, and tryptophan in blood of the subject. 4. The disease risk assessment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the assessment unit assesses risk of developing Alzheimer-type dementia or vascular dementia in a subject, based on concentrations of histidine, isoleucine, methionine, lysine, asparagine, and tryptophan in blood of the subject. 5. The disease risk assessment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the assessment unit assesses the risk of developing Alzheimer-type dementia or vascular dementia in a subject, based on concentrations of histidine, isoleucine, methionine, lysine, asparagine, glutamine, and tryptophan in blood of the subject. 6. The disease risk assessment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the assessment unit assesses the risk of developing Alzheimer-type dementia or vascular dementia in a subject, based on the concentrations of isoleucine, glutamine, and lysine in the blood of the subject. 7. The disease risk assessment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the assessment unit assesses risk of developing dementia in a subject, based on a concentration ratio between methionine and homocysteine in blood of the subject. 8. The disease risk assessment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the assessment unit assesses risk of developing dementia, Alzheimer-type dementia, or vascular dementia in a subject, based on a concentration ratio between S-adenosylmethionine and S-adenosylhomocysteine in blood of the subject. 9. The disease risk assessment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the assessment unit assesses risk of developing dementia in the subject within five years after collection of the blood. 10. A disease risk assessment method comprising:
a step of assessing risk of developing dementia in a subject, based on a concentration of an amino acid in blood of the subject, wherein the amino acid comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of histidine, phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, threonine, glycine, glutamine, lysine, asparagine, homocysteine, cystathionine, S-adenosylmethionine, and S-adenosylhomocysteine. 11. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing a program for causing a computer to function as:
an assessment unit for assessing risk of developing dementia in a subject, based on a concentration of an amino acid in blood of the subject, wherein the amino acid comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of histidine, phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, threonine, glycine, glutamine, lysine, asparagine, homocysteine, cystathionine, S-adenosylmethionine, and S-adenosylhomocysteine. 12. (canceled) | 2,600 |
340,663 | 16,642,096 | 2,654 | The present disclosure is to more reliably determine whether an active-system server appropriately provides a service to a client. A cluster system (1) includes an active-system server (2) that provides a predetermined service to a client device through a network (4) and a standby-system server (3) that provides the predetermined service to the client device in place of the active-system server (2) when an abnormality occurs in the active-system server (2). The standby-system server (3) includes a monitoring unit (6) that accesses the predetermined service provided by the active-system server (2) through the network (4) to monitor whether the predetermined service is normally accessible. The active-system server (2) includes a cluster controlling unit (5) that performs a failover when the monitoring unit (6) of the standby-system server (3) determines that the predetermined service provided by the active-system server (2) is not normally accessible. | 1. A cluster system comprising:
an active-system server device configured to provide a predetermined service to a client device through a network; and a standby-system server device configured to provide the predetermined service to the client device in place of the active-system server device when an abnormality occurs in the active-system server device, wherein the standby-system server device comprises: at least one first memory storing program instructions; and at least one first processor configured to execute the instructions stored in the first memory to: access the predetermined service provided by the active-system server device through the network to monitor whether the predetermined service is normally accessible, and the active-system server device comprises: at least one second memory storing program instructions; and at least one second processor configured to execute the instructions stored in the second memory to: perform a failover when the standby-system server device determines that the predetermined service provided by the active-system server device is not normally accessible. 2. The cluster system according to claim 1, wherein the second processor is further configured to execute the instructions stored in the second memory to perform a failover when the plurality of standby-system server devices determines that the predetermined service provided by the active-system server device is not normally accessible. 3. The cluster system according to claim 1, wherein the second processor is further configured to execute the instructions stored in the second memory to perform a failover when at least a predetermined percentage of standby-system server devices among the plurality of standby-system server devices determines that the predetermined service provided by the active-system server device is not normally accessible. 4. The cluster system according to claim 3, wherein
the first processor is further configured to execute the instructions stored in the first memory to monitor an operating state of the standby-system server device itself, and the second processor is further configured to execute the instructions stored in the second memory to perform a failover when at least a predetermined percentage of standby-system server devices among the plurality of standby-system server devices in which an abnormality has not been detected determines that the predetermined service provided by the active-system server device is not normally accessible. 5. The cluster system according to claim 4, wherein
the second processor is further configured to execute the instructions stored in the second memory to monitor an operating state of the active-system server device itself, and the second processor is further configured to execute the instructions stored in the second memory to determine, based on a monitoring result by the active-system server device, whether to perform a failover when an abnormality has been detected in all the standby-system server devices. 6. The cluster system according to claim 1, wherein the network is a public LAN, and is a different network from an interconnect LAN used to mutually perform life-and-death monitoring between the active-system server device and the standby-system server device. 7. (canceled) 8. A server device comprising:
at least one memory storing program instructions; and at least one processor configured to execute the instructions to: provide a predetermined service to a client device through a network; and acquire a monitoring result transmitted from a standby-system server device configured to access the predetermined service provided by the server through the network to monitor whether the predetermined service is normally accessible, and perform a failover when the monitoring result indicates that the predetermined service is not normally accessible from the standby-system server device, wherein the standby-system server device is configured to take over the providing the predetermined service to the client device when the failover is performed. 9. A control method comprising:
providing a predetermined service to a client device through a network; and acquiring a monitoring result transmitted from a standby-system server device configured to access the predetermined service through the network to monitor whether the predetermined service is normally accessible, and performing a failover when the monitoring result indicates that the predetermined service is not normally accessible from the standby-system server device, wherein the standby-system server device is configured to take over the providing the predetermined service to the client device when the failover is performed. 10. (canceled) | The present disclosure is to more reliably determine whether an active-system server appropriately provides a service to a client. A cluster system (1) includes an active-system server (2) that provides a predetermined service to a client device through a network (4) and a standby-system server (3) that provides the predetermined service to the client device in place of the active-system server (2) when an abnormality occurs in the active-system server (2). The standby-system server (3) includes a monitoring unit (6) that accesses the predetermined service provided by the active-system server (2) through the network (4) to monitor whether the predetermined service is normally accessible. The active-system server (2) includes a cluster controlling unit (5) that performs a failover when the monitoring unit (6) of the standby-system server (3) determines that the predetermined service provided by the active-system server (2) is not normally accessible.1. A cluster system comprising:
an active-system server device configured to provide a predetermined service to a client device through a network; and a standby-system server device configured to provide the predetermined service to the client device in place of the active-system server device when an abnormality occurs in the active-system server device, wherein the standby-system server device comprises: at least one first memory storing program instructions; and at least one first processor configured to execute the instructions stored in the first memory to: access the predetermined service provided by the active-system server device through the network to monitor whether the predetermined service is normally accessible, and the active-system server device comprises: at least one second memory storing program instructions; and at least one second processor configured to execute the instructions stored in the second memory to: perform a failover when the standby-system server device determines that the predetermined service provided by the active-system server device is not normally accessible. 2. The cluster system according to claim 1, wherein the second processor is further configured to execute the instructions stored in the second memory to perform a failover when the plurality of standby-system server devices determines that the predetermined service provided by the active-system server device is not normally accessible. 3. The cluster system according to claim 1, wherein the second processor is further configured to execute the instructions stored in the second memory to perform a failover when at least a predetermined percentage of standby-system server devices among the plurality of standby-system server devices determines that the predetermined service provided by the active-system server device is not normally accessible. 4. The cluster system according to claim 3, wherein
the first processor is further configured to execute the instructions stored in the first memory to monitor an operating state of the standby-system server device itself, and the second processor is further configured to execute the instructions stored in the second memory to perform a failover when at least a predetermined percentage of standby-system server devices among the plurality of standby-system server devices in which an abnormality has not been detected determines that the predetermined service provided by the active-system server device is not normally accessible. 5. The cluster system according to claim 4, wherein
the second processor is further configured to execute the instructions stored in the second memory to monitor an operating state of the active-system server device itself, and the second processor is further configured to execute the instructions stored in the second memory to determine, based on a monitoring result by the active-system server device, whether to perform a failover when an abnormality has been detected in all the standby-system server devices. 6. The cluster system according to claim 1, wherein the network is a public LAN, and is a different network from an interconnect LAN used to mutually perform life-and-death monitoring between the active-system server device and the standby-system server device. 7. (canceled) 8. A server device comprising:
at least one memory storing program instructions; and at least one processor configured to execute the instructions to: provide a predetermined service to a client device through a network; and acquire a monitoring result transmitted from a standby-system server device configured to access the predetermined service provided by the server through the network to monitor whether the predetermined service is normally accessible, and perform a failover when the monitoring result indicates that the predetermined service is not normally accessible from the standby-system server device, wherein the standby-system server device is configured to take over the providing the predetermined service to the client device when the failover is performed. 9. A control method comprising:
providing a predetermined service to a client device through a network; and acquiring a monitoring result transmitted from a standby-system server device configured to access the predetermined service through the network to monitor whether the predetermined service is normally accessible, and performing a failover when the monitoring result indicates that the predetermined service is not normally accessible from the standby-system server device, wherein the standby-system server device is configured to take over the providing the predetermined service to the client device when the failover is performed. 10. (canceled) | 2,600 |
340,664 | 16,642,137 | 2,874 | An optical interconnect includes CMOS drivers/receivers, vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSEL) or photo detectors (PD), a silicon interposer having a electrical interface connected to a pattern of wet etched square-box shape optical through silicon vias (OTSV), the CMOS drivers/receivers are connected to the electrical interface, the VCSEL/PDs are connected to the end of the electrical interface, each input/output signal of the VCSEL/PDs are aligned with the pattern of OTSVs, an optical interface (01) connected to a second side of the interposer, the optical interface is aligned with the OTSVs, the optical interface planar surface is on the silicon interposer second side and a pattern lenses opposite the planar surface and match the OTSVs, and a lensed ferrule having a pattern of lenses arranged to match the pattern of optical interface lenses, the ferrule connects with optical fiber arrays to directly connect to all the drivers or receivers. | 1) An optical interconnect, comprising:
a) a plurality of CMOS drivers or a plurality of CMOS receivers; b) a plurality of vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSEL) dies or a plurality of photo detectors (PD) dies; c) a silicon interposer, wherein a first side of said silicon interposer comprises an electrical interface connected to a pattern of wet etched optical through silicon vias (OTSV), wherein said plurality of CMOS drivers or said plurality of said CMOS receivers are connected to a first end of said electrical interface, wherein said plurality of VCSEL dies or said plurality of PDs are connected to a second end of said electrical interface, wherein each input/output signal of said plurality of VCSEL dies or said plurality of PDs are aligned with said pattern of OTSVs; d) an optical interface (OI) connected to a second side of said silicon interposer, wherein said OI is aligned with said pattern of wet etched OTSVs, wherein said OI comprises a planar surface on said silicon interposer second side and a pattern of optical interface lenses opposite said planar surface, wherein said pattern of OI lenses matches said pattern of wet etched OTSVs; and e) a lensed ferrule having a first side and a second side, wherein said lensed ferrule first side comprising a pattern of ferrule lenses arranged to match said pattern of OI lenses, wherein said lensed ferrule second side connects with optical fiber arrays, wherein said optical fiber arrays are directly connect to all said plurality of CMOS drivers or said plurality of CMOS receivers. 2) The optical interconnect of claim 1, wherein said OTSVs comprise a substantially square-box shape. 3) The optical interconnect of claim 1, wherein said plurality of CMOS drivers or said plurality of CMOS receivers, and said plurality of VCSEL dies or said plurality of PD dies are flip chip bonded to said silicon interposer. 4) The optical interconnect of claim 1, wherein said silicon interposer comprises 2-D multi-channel optical outputs with a pitch of 250 μm in both matrix directions, wherein the number and arrangement of said 2-D multi-channel optical outputs match the number and arrangement of said VCSEL dies or said plurality of PDs. 5) The optical interconnect of claim 1, wherein said OI comprises a single OI attached at said second side of said silicon interposer, wherein said OI is configured to couple said I/O signal from said plurality of VCSEL dies or said plurality of PDs through said pattern of OTSVs into fiber ribbons. 6) The optical interconnect of claim 1, wherein said silicon interposer second side further comprises at least one heat sink connected there to. 7) The optical interconnect of claim 1, wherein each said CMOS driver comprises a 4-channel CMOS driver, or a 12-channel CMOS driver. 8) The optical interconnect of claim 6, wherein each said CMOS driver further comprises a transimpedance amplifier (TIA). 9) The optical interconnect of claim 1, wherein each said CMOS receivers comprises a 4-channel CMOS receiver, or a 12-channel CMOS receiver. | An optical interconnect includes CMOS drivers/receivers, vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSEL) or photo detectors (PD), a silicon interposer having a electrical interface connected to a pattern of wet etched square-box shape optical through silicon vias (OTSV), the CMOS drivers/receivers are connected to the electrical interface, the VCSEL/PDs are connected to the end of the electrical interface, each input/output signal of the VCSEL/PDs are aligned with the pattern of OTSVs, an optical interface (01) connected to a second side of the interposer, the optical interface is aligned with the OTSVs, the optical interface planar surface is on the silicon interposer second side and a pattern lenses opposite the planar surface and match the OTSVs, and a lensed ferrule having a pattern of lenses arranged to match the pattern of optical interface lenses, the ferrule connects with optical fiber arrays to directly connect to all the drivers or receivers.1) An optical interconnect, comprising:
a) a plurality of CMOS drivers or a plurality of CMOS receivers; b) a plurality of vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSEL) dies or a plurality of photo detectors (PD) dies; c) a silicon interposer, wherein a first side of said silicon interposer comprises an electrical interface connected to a pattern of wet etched optical through silicon vias (OTSV), wherein said plurality of CMOS drivers or said plurality of said CMOS receivers are connected to a first end of said electrical interface, wherein said plurality of VCSEL dies or said plurality of PDs are connected to a second end of said electrical interface, wherein each input/output signal of said plurality of VCSEL dies or said plurality of PDs are aligned with said pattern of OTSVs; d) an optical interface (OI) connected to a second side of said silicon interposer, wherein said OI is aligned with said pattern of wet etched OTSVs, wherein said OI comprises a planar surface on said silicon interposer second side and a pattern of optical interface lenses opposite said planar surface, wherein said pattern of OI lenses matches said pattern of wet etched OTSVs; and e) a lensed ferrule having a first side and a second side, wherein said lensed ferrule first side comprising a pattern of ferrule lenses arranged to match said pattern of OI lenses, wherein said lensed ferrule second side connects with optical fiber arrays, wherein said optical fiber arrays are directly connect to all said plurality of CMOS drivers or said plurality of CMOS receivers. 2) The optical interconnect of claim 1, wherein said OTSVs comprise a substantially square-box shape. 3) The optical interconnect of claim 1, wherein said plurality of CMOS drivers or said plurality of CMOS receivers, and said plurality of VCSEL dies or said plurality of PD dies are flip chip bonded to said silicon interposer. 4) The optical interconnect of claim 1, wherein said silicon interposer comprises 2-D multi-channel optical outputs with a pitch of 250 μm in both matrix directions, wherein the number and arrangement of said 2-D multi-channel optical outputs match the number and arrangement of said VCSEL dies or said plurality of PDs. 5) The optical interconnect of claim 1, wherein said OI comprises a single OI attached at said second side of said silicon interposer, wherein said OI is configured to couple said I/O signal from said plurality of VCSEL dies or said plurality of PDs through said pattern of OTSVs into fiber ribbons. 6) The optical interconnect of claim 1, wherein said silicon interposer second side further comprises at least one heat sink connected there to. 7) The optical interconnect of claim 1, wherein each said CMOS driver comprises a 4-channel CMOS driver, or a 12-channel CMOS driver. 8) The optical interconnect of claim 6, wherein each said CMOS driver further comprises a transimpedance amplifier (TIA). 9) The optical interconnect of claim 1, wherein each said CMOS receivers comprises a 4-channel CMOS receiver, or a 12-channel CMOS receiver. | 2,800 |
340,665 | 16,642,102 | 2,874 | A sound processing apparatus includes: a conversion unit that samples predetermined audio data with a first quantization bit rate and a second quantization bit rate greater than the first quantization bit rate and outputs the respective results as first digital audio data and second digital audio data; a frequency analysis unit that performs frequency analysis on each output from the conversion unit; and a determination unit that performs predetermined determination processing on the basis of analysis results by the frequency analysis unit. | 1. A sound processing apparatus comprising:
a conversion unit configured to sample predetermined audio data with a first quantization bit rate and a second quantization bit rate greater than the first quantization bit rate and output respective results as first digital audio data and second digital audio data; a frequency analysis unit configured to perform frequency analysis on each output from the conversion unit; and a determination unit configured to perform predetermined determination processing on a basis of analysis results by the frequency analysis unit. 2. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising
a recording unit configured to selectively record the first digital audio data and the second digital audio data on a recording medium on a basis of a determination result by the determination unit. 3. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein
the recording unit is configured to record the first digital audio data on the recording medium in a case where there is no difference equal to or greater than a threshold between a result obtained by performing the frequency analysis on the first digital audio data and a result obtained by performing the frequency analysis on the second digital audio data, and the recording unit is configured to record the second digital audio data on the recording medium in a case where there is a difference equal to or greater than the threshold between the result obtained by performing the frequency analysis on the first digital audio data and the result obtained by performing the frequency analysis on the second digital audio data. 4. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising
a notification unit configured to make notification regarding the first quantization bit rate and the second quantization bit rate according to a determination result by the determination unit. 5. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising
a display unit configured to make the notification by display. 6. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein
whether a quantization bit rate of digital audio data to be recorded is the first quantization bit rate or the second quantization bit rate is displayed on the display unit. 7. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein
level distribution of audio data and an index to which the first quantization bit rate is applied are associated to be displayed on the display unit. 8. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the determination unit determines environmental noise on the basis of the analysis results by the frequency analysis unit. 9. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the determination unit determines performance of a sound collection unit on the basis of the analysis results by the frequency analysis unit. 10. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising
a sound collection unit configured to collect sound corresponding to the predetermined audio data. 11. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein
the sound collection unit includes at least one of a built-in microphone or an externally connected microphone. 12. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the first quantization bit rate is a bit number less than 16 bits, and the second quantization bit rate is a bit number greater than 24 bits. 13. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 12, wherein
the first quantization bit rate is 16 bits, and the second quantization bit rate is 24 bits or 32 bits. 14. A sound processing method comprising:
by a conversion unit, sampling predetermined audio data with a first quantization bit rate and a second quantization bit rate greater than the first quantization bit rate and outputting respective results as first digital audio data and second digital audio data; by a frequency analysis unit, performing frequency analysis on each output from the conversion unit; and by a determination unit, performing predetermined determination processing on a basis of analysis results by the frequency analysis unit. 15. A program causing a computer to execute a sound processing method, the sound processing method including:
by a conversion unit, sampling predetermined audio data with a first quantization bit rate and a second quantization bit rate greater than the first quantization bit rate and outputting respective results as first digital audio data and second digital audio data; by a frequency analysis unit, performing frequency analysis on each output from the conversion unit; and by a determination unit, performing predetermined determination processing on a basis of analysis results by the frequency analysis unit. | A sound processing apparatus includes: a conversion unit that samples predetermined audio data with a first quantization bit rate and a second quantization bit rate greater than the first quantization bit rate and outputs the respective results as first digital audio data and second digital audio data; a frequency analysis unit that performs frequency analysis on each output from the conversion unit; and a determination unit that performs predetermined determination processing on the basis of analysis results by the frequency analysis unit.1. A sound processing apparatus comprising:
a conversion unit configured to sample predetermined audio data with a first quantization bit rate and a second quantization bit rate greater than the first quantization bit rate and output respective results as first digital audio data and second digital audio data; a frequency analysis unit configured to perform frequency analysis on each output from the conversion unit; and a determination unit configured to perform predetermined determination processing on a basis of analysis results by the frequency analysis unit. 2. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising
a recording unit configured to selectively record the first digital audio data and the second digital audio data on a recording medium on a basis of a determination result by the determination unit. 3. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein
the recording unit is configured to record the first digital audio data on the recording medium in a case where there is no difference equal to or greater than a threshold between a result obtained by performing the frequency analysis on the first digital audio data and a result obtained by performing the frequency analysis on the second digital audio data, and the recording unit is configured to record the second digital audio data on the recording medium in a case where there is a difference equal to or greater than the threshold between the result obtained by performing the frequency analysis on the first digital audio data and the result obtained by performing the frequency analysis on the second digital audio data. 4. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising
a notification unit configured to make notification regarding the first quantization bit rate and the second quantization bit rate according to a determination result by the determination unit. 5. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising
a display unit configured to make the notification by display. 6. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein
whether a quantization bit rate of digital audio data to be recorded is the first quantization bit rate or the second quantization bit rate is displayed on the display unit. 7. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein
level distribution of audio data and an index to which the first quantization bit rate is applied are associated to be displayed on the display unit. 8. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the determination unit determines environmental noise on the basis of the analysis results by the frequency analysis unit. 9. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the determination unit determines performance of a sound collection unit on the basis of the analysis results by the frequency analysis unit. 10. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising
a sound collection unit configured to collect sound corresponding to the predetermined audio data. 11. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein
the sound collection unit includes at least one of a built-in microphone or an externally connected microphone. 12. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
the first quantization bit rate is a bit number less than 16 bits, and the second quantization bit rate is a bit number greater than 24 bits. 13. The sound processing apparatus according to claim 12, wherein
the first quantization bit rate is 16 bits, and the second quantization bit rate is 24 bits or 32 bits. 14. A sound processing method comprising:
by a conversion unit, sampling predetermined audio data with a first quantization bit rate and a second quantization bit rate greater than the first quantization bit rate and outputting respective results as first digital audio data and second digital audio data; by a frequency analysis unit, performing frequency analysis on each output from the conversion unit; and by a determination unit, performing predetermined determination processing on a basis of analysis results by the frequency analysis unit. 15. A program causing a computer to execute a sound processing method, the sound processing method including:
by a conversion unit, sampling predetermined audio data with a first quantization bit rate and a second quantization bit rate greater than the first quantization bit rate and outputting respective results as first digital audio data and second digital audio data; by a frequency analysis unit, performing frequency analysis on each output from the conversion unit; and by a determination unit, performing predetermined determination processing on a basis of analysis results by the frequency analysis unit. | 2,800 |
340,666 | 16,642,134 | 2,858 | A testing device (30; 50) for testing a wireless power transmitter device (20) having at least one transmitter coil (24), wherein the testing device (30; 50) comprises at least one wireless power receiver coil (34) and wherein the testing device (30; 50) is in operative communication with a processing means (42; 52) and its associated memory (44; 54). The testing device (30; 50) is configured to receive a power signal applied by the wireless power transmitter device (20), transmit a first packet, being a signal strength packet, to the wireless power transmitter device (20) in response to receiving said power signal and transmit a second packet to the wireless power transmitter device (20) if the wireless power transmitter device (20) continues to transmit the power signal to the testing device (30; 50) n response to receiving the signal strength packet. The processing means (42; 52) is configured to store the signal strength packet or signal strength value(s) thereof in the memory (44; 54) if the wireless power transmitter device (20), in response to said signal strength packet, continues to transmit the power signal to the testing device (30; 50), and to disregard the signal strength packet or signal strength value(s) thereof if the wireless power transmitter device (20) aborts the power signal during or before the second packet is completely transmitted. | 1. A testing device for testing a wireless power transmitter device having at least one transmitter coil, wherein the testing device comprises at least one wireless power receiver coil and wherein the testing device is in operative communication with a processing means having an associated memory, wherein the testing device is configured to:
receive a power signal applied by the wireless power transmitter device; transmit a first packet, wherein the first packet is a signal strength packet, to the wireless power transmitter device in response to receiving said power signal; transmit a second packet to the wireless power transmitter device when the wireless power transmitter device continues to transmit the power signal to the testing device in response to receiving the signal strength packet, characterized in that the processing means is configured to: store the signal strength packet or store signal strength value(s) thereof in the memory if the wireless power transmitter device, in response to said signal strength packet, continues to transmit the power signal to the testing device; or else, if the wireless power transmitter device aborts the power signal during or before the second packet is completely transmitted, disregard the signal strength packet or signal strength value(s) thereof. 2. The testing device as defined in claim 1, wherein the second packet is an identification packet. 3. The testing device as defined in claim 1, wherein the second packet is an end power transfer packet. 4. The testing device as defined in claim 1, wherein the signal strength packet comprises at least one value. 5. The testing device as defined in claim 1, wherein the processing means and its associated memory are arranged in the testing device. 6. The testing device as defined in claim 1, wherein the processing means and its associated memory are arranged in a host device being in communication with the testing device. 7. The testing device as defined in claim 1, wherein the testing device is a consumer device being configured with a test mode. 8. The testing device as defined in claim 7, wherein the consumer device is one of a mobile terminal, a tablet computer or a laptop computer. 9. The testing device as defined in claim 1, wherein disregarding the signal strength value includes not saving said value in the memory or saving said value in the memory with a disregard indicator. 10. The testing device as defined in claim 2, wherein the signal strength value is stored in the memory with an indicator indicating power transfer phase when the wireless power transmitter device, in response to said received identification packet, continues to transmit the power signal to the testing device. 11. The testing device as defined in claim 1, wherein the processing means is further configured to evaluate the stored signal strength packet(s) or value(s) thereof. 12. The testing device as defined in claim 11, wherein the evaluation of the stored signal strength packet(s) or value(s) thereof relates to providing feedback to the user of the testing device. 13. The testing device as defined in claim 12, wherein the feedback relates to re-positioning the testing device on the wireless power transmitter device. 14. The testing device as defined in claim 12, wherein the processing means is further configured to evaluate the stored signal strength packet(s) or value(s) thereof and to transmit a movement signal to a robotic arm instructing said robotic arm to reposition the testing device on the wireless power transmitter device. 15. The testing device as defined in claim 1, wherein the wireless power transmitter device is in the form of a wireless charger. 16. A method for evaluating testing of a wireless power transmitter device having at least one transmitter coil, the method comprising:
providing a testing device having at least one wireless power receiver coil; receiving, from the wireless power transmitter device, a power signal by the testing device, transmitting, by the testing device in response to receiving the power signal, a first packet, wherein said first packet is a signal strength packet, to the wireless power transmitter device, transmitting, by the testing device, a second packet to the wireless power transmitter device when the wireless power transmitter device continues to transmit the power signal to the testing device in response to receiving the signal strength packet, storing the signal strength packet or storing signal strength value(s) thereof in a memory if the wireless power transmitter device, in response to said signal strength packet, continues to transmit the power signal to the testing device, or else, if the wireless power transmitter device aborts the power signal during or before the second packet is completely transmitted, disregarding the signal strength packet or signal strength value(s) thereof. 17. A computer readable storage medium encoded with instructions that, when loaded and executed by a processing means, cause the method according to claim 16 to be performed. 18. A computer program product comprising code instructions which, when loaded and executed by a processing means, cause the method according to claim 16 to be performed. | A testing device (30; 50) for testing a wireless power transmitter device (20) having at least one transmitter coil (24), wherein the testing device (30; 50) comprises at least one wireless power receiver coil (34) and wherein the testing device (30; 50) is in operative communication with a processing means (42; 52) and its associated memory (44; 54). The testing device (30; 50) is configured to receive a power signal applied by the wireless power transmitter device (20), transmit a first packet, being a signal strength packet, to the wireless power transmitter device (20) in response to receiving said power signal and transmit a second packet to the wireless power transmitter device (20) if the wireless power transmitter device (20) continues to transmit the power signal to the testing device (30; 50) n response to receiving the signal strength packet. The processing means (42; 52) is configured to store the signal strength packet or signal strength value(s) thereof in the memory (44; 54) if the wireless power transmitter device (20), in response to said signal strength packet, continues to transmit the power signal to the testing device (30; 50), and to disregard the signal strength packet or signal strength value(s) thereof if the wireless power transmitter device (20) aborts the power signal during or before the second packet is completely transmitted.1. A testing device for testing a wireless power transmitter device having at least one transmitter coil, wherein the testing device comprises at least one wireless power receiver coil and wherein the testing device is in operative communication with a processing means having an associated memory, wherein the testing device is configured to:
receive a power signal applied by the wireless power transmitter device; transmit a first packet, wherein the first packet is a signal strength packet, to the wireless power transmitter device in response to receiving said power signal; transmit a second packet to the wireless power transmitter device when the wireless power transmitter device continues to transmit the power signal to the testing device in response to receiving the signal strength packet, characterized in that the processing means is configured to: store the signal strength packet or store signal strength value(s) thereof in the memory if the wireless power transmitter device, in response to said signal strength packet, continues to transmit the power signal to the testing device; or else, if the wireless power transmitter device aborts the power signal during or before the second packet is completely transmitted, disregard the signal strength packet or signal strength value(s) thereof. 2. The testing device as defined in claim 1, wherein the second packet is an identification packet. 3. The testing device as defined in claim 1, wherein the second packet is an end power transfer packet. 4. The testing device as defined in claim 1, wherein the signal strength packet comprises at least one value. 5. The testing device as defined in claim 1, wherein the processing means and its associated memory are arranged in the testing device. 6. The testing device as defined in claim 1, wherein the processing means and its associated memory are arranged in a host device being in communication with the testing device. 7. The testing device as defined in claim 1, wherein the testing device is a consumer device being configured with a test mode. 8. The testing device as defined in claim 7, wherein the consumer device is one of a mobile terminal, a tablet computer or a laptop computer. 9. The testing device as defined in claim 1, wherein disregarding the signal strength value includes not saving said value in the memory or saving said value in the memory with a disregard indicator. 10. The testing device as defined in claim 2, wherein the signal strength value is stored in the memory with an indicator indicating power transfer phase when the wireless power transmitter device, in response to said received identification packet, continues to transmit the power signal to the testing device. 11. The testing device as defined in claim 1, wherein the processing means is further configured to evaluate the stored signal strength packet(s) or value(s) thereof. 12. The testing device as defined in claim 11, wherein the evaluation of the stored signal strength packet(s) or value(s) thereof relates to providing feedback to the user of the testing device. 13. The testing device as defined in claim 12, wherein the feedback relates to re-positioning the testing device on the wireless power transmitter device. 14. The testing device as defined in claim 12, wherein the processing means is further configured to evaluate the stored signal strength packet(s) or value(s) thereof and to transmit a movement signal to a robotic arm instructing said robotic arm to reposition the testing device on the wireless power transmitter device. 15. The testing device as defined in claim 1, wherein the wireless power transmitter device is in the form of a wireless charger. 16. A method for evaluating testing of a wireless power transmitter device having at least one transmitter coil, the method comprising:
providing a testing device having at least one wireless power receiver coil; receiving, from the wireless power transmitter device, a power signal by the testing device, transmitting, by the testing device in response to receiving the power signal, a first packet, wherein said first packet is a signal strength packet, to the wireless power transmitter device, transmitting, by the testing device, a second packet to the wireless power transmitter device when the wireless power transmitter device continues to transmit the power signal to the testing device in response to receiving the signal strength packet, storing the signal strength packet or storing signal strength value(s) thereof in a memory if the wireless power transmitter device, in response to said signal strength packet, continues to transmit the power signal to the testing device, or else, if the wireless power transmitter device aborts the power signal during or before the second packet is completely transmitted, disregarding the signal strength packet or signal strength value(s) thereof. 17. A computer readable storage medium encoded with instructions that, when loaded and executed by a processing means, cause the method according to claim 16 to be performed. 18. A computer program product comprising code instructions which, when loaded and executed by a processing means, cause the method according to claim 16 to be performed. | 2,800 |
340,667 | 16,642,158 | 3,732 | An active width folder system (10) configured for article folding within compact article folding machines and includes a holding member (12) with two opposite holding edges (20) which extend in an article motion direction, a conveyor (16) configured for conveying articles in the motion direction and a pair of actuated folding members (14), each configured for lifting and folding at least a portion of the article. Wherein, each folding member has a retractable lifting surface (24) which has a variable length at least in the width direction which is perpendicular to the motion direction. | 1. An active width folder system (10) configured for article folding within compact article folding machines and comprising:
a holding member (12) comprising two opposite holding edges (20) extending in an article motion direction (MD); a conveyor (16) aligned and configured for conveying articles in the motion direction (MD) and located underneath the holding member (12) in a vertical direction (VD) perpendicular to the motion direction (MD); and a pair of opposite actuated folding members (14), each configured for lifting and folding at least a portion of the article across a respective holding edge (20) in a width direction (WD) perpendicular to the motion direction (MD) and the vertical direction (VD), wherein, each folding member (14) comprises a retractable lifting surface (24) which has a variable length, which is configured to handle various article sizes. 2. The width folder (10) according to claim 1, wherein each folding member (14) is retractable and changes its length only in the width direction (WD). 3-4. (canceled) 5. The width folder (10) according to claim 1, wherein each lifting surface (24) is parallel, or generally parallel, to the motion direction (MD) and the width direction (WD). 6. The width folder (10) according to claim 1, wherein the holding member (12) is configured to adjust a holding width (HW) between the holding edges (20) in the width direction (WD) to accommodate different article widths and define different fold widths. 7. The width folder (10) according to claim 1, wherein the holding member (12) comprises two ski-shaped holding sub-members, each of which comprises a holding edge (20) located on opposite sides thereof, each holding edge (20) configured to define a fold line in the article when it is lifted and folded thereacross. 8-11. (canceled) 12. A passive width folder (100) configured for article folding and comprising three members stacked in a vertical direction (VD):
a first male member (38) comprising two opposite first folding edges (44) extending along a motion direction (MD) perpendicular to the vertical direction (VD); a female member (36) located beneath the first male member (38) and comprising two opposite second folding edges (46) converging in the motion direction (MD); in a bottom view of the with folder parallel to the vertical direction (VD), each second folding edge (46) intersects a respective first folding edge (44) at a first intersection location along the motion direction (MD); and a second male member (40) located opposite the first male member (38) beneath the female member (36) and comprising two opposite third folding edges diverging along the motion direction (MD); in the bottom view, each third folding edge intersects a respective adjacent second folding edge (46) at a second intersection location along the motion direction (MD), wherein in the bottom view, the second intersection locations are located further along the motion direction (MD) than the first intersection locations. 13. The width folder (100) according to claim 12, wherein the width folder (100) further comprises a pulling mechanism which is configured to pull an article throughout the width folder (100) in the motion direction (MD). 14. The width folder (100) according to claim 12, wherein each of the first and second male members (38, 40) comprise respectively adjustable first and second male extensions (39, 50) and the female member (36) comprises adjustable female extensions (42), all of which are configured to allow width adjustment of the width folder (100) in the width direction (WD) to adapt to different article widths. 15-16. (canceled) 17. The width folder (100) according to claim 12, wherein the width folder (100) is configured to perform two consecutive pairs of width folds in the article as it is conveyed in the motion direction (MD)—a first pair of width folds between the first male member (38) and the female member (36), and the second pair of width folds between the female member (36) and the second male member (40). 18. The width folder (100) according to claim 12, wherein a first pair of width folds is defined at the first intersection location and a second pair of width folds is defined at the second intersection location. 19. (canceled) 20. The width folder (100) according to claim 12, wherein in the bottom view of the width folder (100), a tangent to each second folding edge (46) forms an acute second angle (a2) with the motion direction (MD), and wherein the second angle (a2) ranges between 20 and 45 degrees. 21. The width folder (100) according to claim 12, wherein in the bottom view of the width folder (100), a tangent to each third folding edge (48) forms an acute third angle (a3) with the motion direction (MD). 22-25. (canceled) 26. An active width folder system (10) configured for article folding within compact article folding machines and comprising:
a folding member (14); a holding member (12, 112, 212, 312, 412) comprising two opposite holding edges (20) extending in an article motion direction (MD); a conveyor (16) aligned and configured for conveying articles in the motion direction (MD) and located underneath the holding member (12) in a vertical direction (VD) perpendicular to the motion direction (MD); wherein each holding member (12, 112, 212, 312, 412) comprises: a single or two holding panels (18, 118, 218, 318, 418); a width adjustment mechanism; and for each holding panel (18, 118, 218, 318, 418), the holding member (12, 112, 212, 312, 412) has a support assembly (22, 122, 222, 322, 422) configured to support and suspend the holding panel at one end thereof, and ensure article passage thereunder while counteracting folding forces exerted in a width direction (WD) which is perpendicular to the vertical direction (VD) and motion direction (MD). 27. The width folder system (10) according to claim 26, wherein each holding member (212) has a receiving plate (221) which is located at a rear portion of the holding member (212), extends in the width direction WD and oriented transversely with respect to the conveyor (16); the receiving plate (221) is configured to lead the article in between the holding member (212) and the conveyor (16). 28. The width folder system (10) according to claim 26, wherein each holding panel (418) has a sliding member (423) rigidly fixed between the holding panel (418) and the conveyor (16). 29. The width folder system (10) according to claim 26, wherein each support assembly (22, 322) has parallelogrammatic hinge arrangement configured for ensuring one degree of freedom of movement and wherein each holding panel (18, 318) remains parallel to the conveyor (16) after the fabric was conveyed therebetween. 30. The width folder system (10) according to claim 26, wherein each support assembly (22, 122, 222, 422) has a double-hinged arrangement which allows at least two degrees of freedom of movement for each holding panel (18, 118, 218, 418). | An active width folder system (10) configured for article folding within compact article folding machines and includes a holding member (12) with two opposite holding edges (20) which extend in an article motion direction, a conveyor (16) configured for conveying articles in the motion direction and a pair of actuated folding members (14), each configured for lifting and folding at least a portion of the article. Wherein, each folding member has a retractable lifting surface (24) which has a variable length at least in the width direction which is perpendicular to the motion direction.1. An active width folder system (10) configured for article folding within compact article folding machines and comprising:
a holding member (12) comprising two opposite holding edges (20) extending in an article motion direction (MD); a conveyor (16) aligned and configured for conveying articles in the motion direction (MD) and located underneath the holding member (12) in a vertical direction (VD) perpendicular to the motion direction (MD); and a pair of opposite actuated folding members (14), each configured for lifting and folding at least a portion of the article across a respective holding edge (20) in a width direction (WD) perpendicular to the motion direction (MD) and the vertical direction (VD), wherein, each folding member (14) comprises a retractable lifting surface (24) which has a variable length, which is configured to handle various article sizes. 2. The width folder (10) according to claim 1, wherein each folding member (14) is retractable and changes its length only in the width direction (WD). 3-4. (canceled) 5. The width folder (10) according to claim 1, wherein each lifting surface (24) is parallel, or generally parallel, to the motion direction (MD) and the width direction (WD). 6. The width folder (10) according to claim 1, wherein the holding member (12) is configured to adjust a holding width (HW) between the holding edges (20) in the width direction (WD) to accommodate different article widths and define different fold widths. 7. The width folder (10) according to claim 1, wherein the holding member (12) comprises two ski-shaped holding sub-members, each of which comprises a holding edge (20) located on opposite sides thereof, each holding edge (20) configured to define a fold line in the article when it is lifted and folded thereacross. 8-11. (canceled) 12. A passive width folder (100) configured for article folding and comprising three members stacked in a vertical direction (VD):
a first male member (38) comprising two opposite first folding edges (44) extending along a motion direction (MD) perpendicular to the vertical direction (VD); a female member (36) located beneath the first male member (38) and comprising two opposite second folding edges (46) converging in the motion direction (MD); in a bottom view of the with folder parallel to the vertical direction (VD), each second folding edge (46) intersects a respective first folding edge (44) at a first intersection location along the motion direction (MD); and a second male member (40) located opposite the first male member (38) beneath the female member (36) and comprising two opposite third folding edges diverging along the motion direction (MD); in the bottom view, each third folding edge intersects a respective adjacent second folding edge (46) at a second intersection location along the motion direction (MD), wherein in the bottom view, the second intersection locations are located further along the motion direction (MD) than the first intersection locations. 13. The width folder (100) according to claim 12, wherein the width folder (100) further comprises a pulling mechanism which is configured to pull an article throughout the width folder (100) in the motion direction (MD). 14. The width folder (100) according to claim 12, wherein each of the first and second male members (38, 40) comprise respectively adjustable first and second male extensions (39, 50) and the female member (36) comprises adjustable female extensions (42), all of which are configured to allow width adjustment of the width folder (100) in the width direction (WD) to adapt to different article widths. 15-16. (canceled) 17. The width folder (100) according to claim 12, wherein the width folder (100) is configured to perform two consecutive pairs of width folds in the article as it is conveyed in the motion direction (MD)—a first pair of width folds between the first male member (38) and the female member (36), and the second pair of width folds between the female member (36) and the second male member (40). 18. The width folder (100) according to claim 12, wherein a first pair of width folds is defined at the first intersection location and a second pair of width folds is defined at the second intersection location. 19. (canceled) 20. The width folder (100) according to claim 12, wherein in the bottom view of the width folder (100), a tangent to each second folding edge (46) forms an acute second angle (a2) with the motion direction (MD), and wherein the second angle (a2) ranges between 20 and 45 degrees. 21. The width folder (100) according to claim 12, wherein in the bottom view of the width folder (100), a tangent to each third folding edge (48) forms an acute third angle (a3) with the motion direction (MD). 22-25. (canceled) 26. An active width folder system (10) configured for article folding within compact article folding machines and comprising:
a folding member (14); a holding member (12, 112, 212, 312, 412) comprising two opposite holding edges (20) extending in an article motion direction (MD); a conveyor (16) aligned and configured for conveying articles in the motion direction (MD) and located underneath the holding member (12) in a vertical direction (VD) perpendicular to the motion direction (MD); wherein each holding member (12, 112, 212, 312, 412) comprises: a single or two holding panels (18, 118, 218, 318, 418); a width adjustment mechanism; and for each holding panel (18, 118, 218, 318, 418), the holding member (12, 112, 212, 312, 412) has a support assembly (22, 122, 222, 322, 422) configured to support and suspend the holding panel at one end thereof, and ensure article passage thereunder while counteracting folding forces exerted in a width direction (WD) which is perpendicular to the vertical direction (VD) and motion direction (MD). 27. The width folder system (10) according to claim 26, wherein each holding member (212) has a receiving plate (221) which is located at a rear portion of the holding member (212), extends in the width direction WD and oriented transversely with respect to the conveyor (16); the receiving plate (221) is configured to lead the article in between the holding member (212) and the conveyor (16). 28. The width folder system (10) according to claim 26, wherein each holding panel (418) has a sliding member (423) rigidly fixed between the holding panel (418) and the conveyor (16). 29. The width folder system (10) according to claim 26, wherein each support assembly (22, 322) has parallelogrammatic hinge arrangement configured for ensuring one degree of freedom of movement and wherein each holding panel (18, 318) remains parallel to the conveyor (16) after the fabric was conveyed therebetween. 30. The width folder system (10) according to claim 26, wherein each support assembly (22, 122, 222, 422) has a double-hinged arrangement which allows at least two degrees of freedom of movement for each holding panel (18, 118, 218, 418). | 3,700 |
340,668 | 16,642,140 | 3,732 | A shift register unit, a driving circuit, a display device, and a driving method are disclosed. The shift register unit includes a first input circuit, a second input circuit, an output circuit, a first control circuit, and a second control circuit. The first input circuit is electrically connected to a first node, and is configured to transmit an input signal to the first node; the second input circuit is electrically connected to the first node and a second node, and is configured to control a level of the second node; the first control circuit is electrically connected to the second node and a third node, and is configured to control a level of the third node; and the output circuit is electrically connected to the third node and an output terminal, and is configured to output an output signal to the output terminal. | 1. A shift register unit, comprising a first input circuit, a second input circuit, an output circuit, a first control circuit, and a second control circuit,
wherein the first input circuit is electrically connected to a first node, and is configured to transmit an input signal to the first node under control of a first clock signal; the second input circuit is electrically connected to the first node and a second node, and is configured to control a level of the second node under control of a level of the first node or the first clock signal; the first control circuit is electrically connected to the second node and a third node, and is configured to control a level of the third node under control of the level of the second node and a second clock signal; the output circuit is electrically connected to the third node and an output terminal, and is configured to output an output signal to the output terminal under control of the level of the third node; and the second control circuit is electrically connected to the first node and the third node, and is configured to control the level of the third node under control of the level of the first node. 2. The shift register unit according to claim 1, wherein the first control circuit comprises a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor, and a first capacitor;
a gate electrode of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the second node, a first electrode of the fourth transistor is configured to receive the second clock signal, and a second electrode of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to a fourth node; a gate electrode of the fifth transistor is configured to receive the second clock signal, a first electrode of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to the fourth node, a second electrode of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to the third node; and a first electrode of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the second node, and a second electrode of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the fourth node. 3. The shift register unit according to claim 1, further comprising an output reset circuit,
wherein the output reset circuit is electrically connected to the first node and the output terminal, and is configured to reset the output terminal under control of the level of the first node. 4. The shift register unit according to claim 3, further comprising a third control circuit,
wherein the third control circuit is electrically connected to the first node, and is configured to adjust, by coupling, the level of the first node under control of the level of the first node. 5. The shift register unit according to claim 1, wherein the first input circuit comprises a first transistor,
a gate electrode of the first transistor is configured to receive the first clock signal, a first electrode of the first transistor is configured to receive the input signal, and a second electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to the first node. 6. The shift register unit according to claim 1, wherein the second input circuit comprises a second transistor and a third transistor,
a gate electrode of the second transistor is electrically connected to the first node, a first electrode of the second transistor is configured to receive the first clock signal, and a second electrode of the second transistor is electrically connected to the second node; and a gate electrode of the third transistor is configured to receive the first clock signal, a first electrode of the third transistor is configured to receive a first source voltage, and a second electrode of the third transistor is electrically connected to the second node. 7. The shift register unit according to claim 1, wherein the second control circuit comprises a sixth transistor,
a gate electrode of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the first node, a first electrode of the sixth transistor is configured to receive a second source voltage, and a second electrode of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the third node. 8. The shift register unit according to claim 1, wherein the output circuit comprises a seventh transistor and a second capacitor,
a gate electrode of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to the third node, a first electrode of the seventh transistor is configured to receive a fourth source voltage, and a second electrode of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to the output terminal; and a first electrode of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the third node, and a second electrode of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the first electrode of the seventh transistor. 9. The shift register unit according to claim 3, wherein the output reset circuit comprises an eighth transistor,
a gate electrode of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to the first node, a first electrode of the eighth transistor is configured to receive a third voltage, and a second electrode of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to the output terminal. 10. The shift register unit according to claim 4, wherein the third control circuit comprises a ninth transistor and a third capacitor,
a gate electrode of the ninth transistor is electrically connected to the first node, a first electrode of the ninth transistor is configured to receive the second clock signal, a second electrode of the ninth transistor is electrically connected to a first electrode of the third capacitor, and a second electrode of the third capacitor is electrically connected to the first node. 11. A driving circuit, comprising a plurality of cascaded shift register units each of which is according to claim 1,
wherein except a first-stage of the shift register units, any one of the shift register units of other stages is connected with the output terminal of a shift register unit of a preceding stage before the any one of the shift register units of other stages. 12. The driving circuit according to claim 11, further comprising a first clock signal line and a second clock signal line,
wherein a (2n−1)th-stage of the shift register units is electrically connected to the first clock signal line to receive the first clock signal, and the (2n−1)th-stage of the shift register units is electrically connected to the second clock signal line to receive the second clock signal; a (2n)th-stage of the shift register units is electrically connected to the second clock signal line to receive the first clock signal, and the (2n)th-stage of the shift register units is electrically connected to the first clock signal line to receive the second clock signal; and n is an integer greater than zero. 13. A display device, comprising the driving circuit according to claim 11. 14. The display device according to claim 13, further comprising a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array,
wherein each of the plurality of pixel units comprises a pixel circuit, the pixel circuit comprises a data writing sub-circuit, a driving sub-circuit, and a light-emitting control sub-circuit; an output terminal of an (n)th-stage of the shift register units in the driving circuit is electrically connected to a control terminal of the light-emitting control sub-circuit of the pixel circuit in an (n)th row of the pixel units; and n is an integer greater than zero. 15. A driving method of the shift register unit according to claim 1, comprising a preliminary stage, a pull-up stage, a high-potential maintenance stage, a pull-down stage, and a low-potential maintenance stage, wherein
in the preliminary stage, causing the second clock signal to be changed in level, causing the input signal to be changed in level, and causing the level of the first node to be pulled up; in the pull-up stage, causing the second clock signal to be changed in level, causing the level of the third node to be pulled down, and causing a level of the output signal to be pulled up; in the high-potential maintenance stage, causing the second clock signal to be changed in level, causing the level of the first node to be maintained, causing the level of the output signal to be maintained, and adjusting a pulse width of the output signal by adjusting a pulse width of the input signal; in the pull-down stage, causing the first clock signal to be changed in level, causing the level of the first node to be pulled down, causing the level of the third node to be pulled up, and causing the level of the output signal to be pulled down; and in the low-potential maintenance stage, causing the level of the first node to be maintained, causing the level of the third node to be maintained, and causing the level of the output signal to be maintained. 16. The driving method according to claim 15, wherein adjusting the pulse width of the output signal by adjusting the pulse width of the input signal comprises:
in a case where the pulse width of the output signal needs to be increased, causing the level of the input signal to be maintained to a time point, in a next period of the first clock signal, when the first clock signal is changed in level once, thereby causing the pulse width of the output signal to be delayed by one period of the first clock signal. 17. The driving method according to claim 15, wherein a duty cycle of the first clock signal and a duty cycle of the second clock signal are both greater than 50%. 18. The shift register unit according to claim 2, further comprising an output reset circuit,
wherein the output reset circuit is electrically connected to the first node and the output terminal, and is configured to reset the output terminal under control of the level of the first node. 19. The shift register unit according to claim 18, further comprising a third control circuit,
wherein the third control circuit is electrically connected to the first node, and is configured to adjust, by coupling, the level of the first node under control of the level of the first node. | A shift register unit, a driving circuit, a display device, and a driving method are disclosed. The shift register unit includes a first input circuit, a second input circuit, an output circuit, a first control circuit, and a second control circuit. The first input circuit is electrically connected to a first node, and is configured to transmit an input signal to the first node; the second input circuit is electrically connected to the first node and a second node, and is configured to control a level of the second node; the first control circuit is electrically connected to the second node and a third node, and is configured to control a level of the third node; and the output circuit is electrically connected to the third node and an output terminal, and is configured to output an output signal to the output terminal.1. A shift register unit, comprising a first input circuit, a second input circuit, an output circuit, a first control circuit, and a second control circuit,
wherein the first input circuit is electrically connected to a first node, and is configured to transmit an input signal to the first node under control of a first clock signal; the second input circuit is electrically connected to the first node and a second node, and is configured to control a level of the second node under control of a level of the first node or the first clock signal; the first control circuit is electrically connected to the second node and a third node, and is configured to control a level of the third node under control of the level of the second node and a second clock signal; the output circuit is electrically connected to the third node and an output terminal, and is configured to output an output signal to the output terminal under control of the level of the third node; and the second control circuit is electrically connected to the first node and the third node, and is configured to control the level of the third node under control of the level of the first node. 2. The shift register unit according to claim 1, wherein the first control circuit comprises a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor, and a first capacitor;
a gate electrode of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the second node, a first electrode of the fourth transistor is configured to receive the second clock signal, and a second electrode of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to a fourth node; a gate electrode of the fifth transistor is configured to receive the second clock signal, a first electrode of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to the fourth node, a second electrode of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to the third node; and a first electrode of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the second node, and a second electrode of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the fourth node. 3. The shift register unit according to claim 1, further comprising an output reset circuit,
wherein the output reset circuit is electrically connected to the first node and the output terminal, and is configured to reset the output terminal under control of the level of the first node. 4. The shift register unit according to claim 3, further comprising a third control circuit,
wherein the third control circuit is electrically connected to the first node, and is configured to adjust, by coupling, the level of the first node under control of the level of the first node. 5. The shift register unit according to claim 1, wherein the first input circuit comprises a first transistor,
a gate electrode of the first transistor is configured to receive the first clock signal, a first electrode of the first transistor is configured to receive the input signal, and a second electrode of the first transistor is electrically connected to the first node. 6. The shift register unit according to claim 1, wherein the second input circuit comprises a second transistor and a third transistor,
a gate electrode of the second transistor is electrically connected to the first node, a first electrode of the second transistor is configured to receive the first clock signal, and a second electrode of the second transistor is electrically connected to the second node; and a gate electrode of the third transistor is configured to receive the first clock signal, a first electrode of the third transistor is configured to receive a first source voltage, and a second electrode of the third transistor is electrically connected to the second node. 7. The shift register unit according to claim 1, wherein the second control circuit comprises a sixth transistor,
a gate electrode of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the first node, a first electrode of the sixth transistor is configured to receive a second source voltage, and a second electrode of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the third node. 8. The shift register unit according to claim 1, wherein the output circuit comprises a seventh transistor and a second capacitor,
a gate electrode of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to the third node, a first electrode of the seventh transistor is configured to receive a fourth source voltage, and a second electrode of the seventh transistor is electrically connected to the output terminal; and a first electrode of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the third node, and a second electrode of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the first electrode of the seventh transistor. 9. The shift register unit according to claim 3, wherein the output reset circuit comprises an eighth transistor,
a gate electrode of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to the first node, a first electrode of the eighth transistor is configured to receive a third voltage, and a second electrode of the eighth transistor is electrically connected to the output terminal. 10. The shift register unit according to claim 4, wherein the third control circuit comprises a ninth transistor and a third capacitor,
a gate electrode of the ninth transistor is electrically connected to the first node, a first electrode of the ninth transistor is configured to receive the second clock signal, a second electrode of the ninth transistor is electrically connected to a first electrode of the third capacitor, and a second electrode of the third capacitor is electrically connected to the first node. 11. A driving circuit, comprising a plurality of cascaded shift register units each of which is according to claim 1,
wherein except a first-stage of the shift register units, any one of the shift register units of other stages is connected with the output terminal of a shift register unit of a preceding stage before the any one of the shift register units of other stages. 12. The driving circuit according to claim 11, further comprising a first clock signal line and a second clock signal line,
wherein a (2n−1)th-stage of the shift register units is electrically connected to the first clock signal line to receive the first clock signal, and the (2n−1)th-stage of the shift register units is electrically connected to the second clock signal line to receive the second clock signal; a (2n)th-stage of the shift register units is electrically connected to the second clock signal line to receive the first clock signal, and the (2n)th-stage of the shift register units is electrically connected to the first clock signal line to receive the second clock signal; and n is an integer greater than zero. 13. A display device, comprising the driving circuit according to claim 11. 14. The display device according to claim 13, further comprising a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array,
wherein each of the plurality of pixel units comprises a pixel circuit, the pixel circuit comprises a data writing sub-circuit, a driving sub-circuit, and a light-emitting control sub-circuit; an output terminal of an (n)th-stage of the shift register units in the driving circuit is electrically connected to a control terminal of the light-emitting control sub-circuit of the pixel circuit in an (n)th row of the pixel units; and n is an integer greater than zero. 15. A driving method of the shift register unit according to claim 1, comprising a preliminary stage, a pull-up stage, a high-potential maintenance stage, a pull-down stage, and a low-potential maintenance stage, wherein
in the preliminary stage, causing the second clock signal to be changed in level, causing the input signal to be changed in level, and causing the level of the first node to be pulled up; in the pull-up stage, causing the second clock signal to be changed in level, causing the level of the third node to be pulled down, and causing a level of the output signal to be pulled up; in the high-potential maintenance stage, causing the second clock signal to be changed in level, causing the level of the first node to be maintained, causing the level of the output signal to be maintained, and adjusting a pulse width of the output signal by adjusting a pulse width of the input signal; in the pull-down stage, causing the first clock signal to be changed in level, causing the level of the first node to be pulled down, causing the level of the third node to be pulled up, and causing the level of the output signal to be pulled down; and in the low-potential maintenance stage, causing the level of the first node to be maintained, causing the level of the third node to be maintained, and causing the level of the output signal to be maintained. 16. The driving method according to claim 15, wherein adjusting the pulse width of the output signal by adjusting the pulse width of the input signal comprises:
in a case where the pulse width of the output signal needs to be increased, causing the level of the input signal to be maintained to a time point, in a next period of the first clock signal, when the first clock signal is changed in level once, thereby causing the pulse width of the output signal to be delayed by one period of the first clock signal. 17. The driving method according to claim 15, wherein a duty cycle of the first clock signal and a duty cycle of the second clock signal are both greater than 50%. 18. The shift register unit according to claim 2, further comprising an output reset circuit,
wherein the output reset circuit is electrically connected to the first node and the output terminal, and is configured to reset the output terminal under control of the level of the first node. 19. The shift register unit according to claim 18, further comprising a third control circuit,
wherein the third control circuit is electrically connected to the first node, and is configured to adjust, by coupling, the level of the first node under control of the level of the first node. | 3,700 |
340,669 | 16,642,151 | 3,732 | A process for producing thermoplastic polyoxazolidinone, comprising the following steps: (i) Reaction of a diisocyanate compound (A) with a bisepoxide compound (B) in the presence of a catalyst (C) and a compound (D) in a solvent (E) forming an intermediate compound (F) and (ii) Reaction of a compound (G) with the intermediate (F) formed in step (i), wherein compound (D) is one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of monofunctional isocyanate and monofunctional epoxide, and wherein compound (G) is an alkylene oxide. The invention is also related to the resulting thermoplastic polyoxazolidinone. | 1. A process for producing a thermoplastic polyoxazolidinone, comprising:
(i) reacting a diisocyanate compound with a bisepoxide compound in the presence of a catalyst and a compound comprising a mono-epoxide group, a mono-isocyanate group, or both in a solvent to thereby form an intermediate compound; and (ii) reacting an alkylene oxide with the intermediate formed in step (i). 2. The process according to claim 1, wherein step (i) comprises:
(i-1) placing the solvent and the catalyst (C) in a reactor to provide a mixture, (i-2) placing the diisocyanate compound, the bisepoxide compound and the compound comprising a mono-epoxide group, a mono-isocyanate group, or both in a vessel to provide a mixture, and (i-3) adding the mixture resulting from step (i-2) to the mixture resulting from step (i-1). 3. The process according to claim 2, wherein the mixture resulting from step (i-2) is added in a continuous manner or step-wise manner with two or more individual addition steps to the mixture of step (i-1). 4. The process according to claim 2, wherein the alkylene oxide is added in a step-wise manner with two or more individual addition steps or in continuous manner in step (ii) to the intermediate formed in step (i). 5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst comprises Li(I), Rb(I), Cs(I), Ag(I), Au(I), Mg(II), Ca(II), Sr(II), Ba(II), Dy(II), Yb(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), V(II), Mo(II), Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II),Ni(II), Pd(II), Pt(II), Ge(II), Sn(II), Sc(III), Y(III), La(III), Ce(III), Pr(III), Nd(III), Sm(III), Eu(III), Gd(III), Tb(III), Dy(III), Ho(III), Er(III), Tm(III), Yb(III), Lu(III), Hf(III), Nb(III), Ta(III), Cr(III), Ru(III), Os(III), Rh(III), Ir(III), Al(III), Ga(III), In(III), TI(III), Ge(III), Ce(IV), Ti(IV), Zr(IV), Hf(IV), Nb(IV), Mo(IV), W(IV), Ir(IV), Pt(IV), Sn(IV), Pb(IV), Nb(V), Ta(V), Bi(V), Mo(VI), W(VI), a compound represented by the formula (I)
[M(R1)(R2)(R3)(R4)]+nYn− (I)
or a combination of any two or more thereof, wherein
M is nitrogen, phosphorous or antimony,
(R1), (R2), (R3), (R4) are independently of one another selected from the group comprising linear or branched alkyl groups containing 1 to 22 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with heteroatoms and/or heteroatom containing substituents, cycloaliphatic groups containing 3 to 22 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with heteroatoms and/or heteroatom containing substituents, C1 to C3 alkyl-bridged cycloaliphatic groups containing 3 to 22 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with heteroatoms and/or heteroatom containing substituents and aryl groups containing 6 to 18 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with one or more alkyl groups containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms and/or heteroatom containing substituents and/or heteroatoms,
Y is a halide, carbonate, nitrate, sulfate or phosphate anion, and n is an integer of 1, 2 or 3. 6. The process according to claim 1 to 5, wherein the catalyst comprises LiC, LiBr, LiI, MgCl2, MgBr2, MgI2, SmI3, Ph4SbBr, Ph4SbCl, Ph4PBr, Ph4PCl, Ph3(C6H4-OCH3)PBr, Ph3(C6H4-OCH3)PCl, Ph3(C6H4F)PCl, Ph3(C6H4F)PBr, or a combination of any two or more thereof. 7. The process according to claim 1, wherein the compound comprising a mono-epoxide group, a mono-isocyanate group, or both comprises phenyl glycidyl ether, o-kresyl glycidyl ether, m-kresyl glycidyl ether, p-kresyl glycidyl ether, 4-tert-butylphenyl glycidyl ether, 1-naphthyl glycidyl ether, 2-naphthyl glycidyl ether, 4-chlorophenyl glycidyl ether, 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl glycidyl ether, 2,4,6-tribromophenyl glycidyl ether, pentafluorophenyl glycidyl ether, cyclohexyl glycidyl ether, benzyl glycidyl ether, glycidyl benzoate, glycidyl acetate, glycidyl cyclohexylcarboxylate, methyl glycidyl ether, ethyl glycidyl ether, butyl glycidyl ether, hexyl glycidyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl glycidyl ether, octyl glycidyl ether, C10-C18 alkyl glycidyl ether, allyl glycidyl ether, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, styrene oxide, 1,2-butene oxide, 2,3-butene oxide, 1,2-hexene oxide, an oxide of a C10-C18 alpha-olefin, cyclohexene oxide, vinylcyclohexene monoxide, limonene monoxide, butadiene monoepoxide, N-glycidyl phthalimide, n-hexylisocyanate, 4-tert-butylphenyl glycidyl ether, cyclohexyl isocyanate, ω-chlorohexamethylene isocyanate, 2-ethyl hexyl isocyanate, n-octyl isocyanate, dodecyl isocyanate, stearyl isocyanate, methyl isocyanate, ethyl isocyanate, butyl isocyanate, isopropyl isocyanate, octadecyl isocyanate, 6-chloro-hexyl isocyanate, cyclohexyl isocyanate, 2,3,4-trimethylcyclohexyl isocyanate, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl isocyanate, 2-norbornyl methyl isocyanate, decyl isocyanate, dodecyl isocyanate, tetradecyl isocyanate, hexadecyl isocyanate, octadecyl isocyanate, 3-butoxypropyl isocyanate, 3-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-propyl isocyanate, (trimethylsilyl)isocyanate, phenyl isocyanate, ortho-, meta-, or para-tolyl isocyanate, a 2,3,4 isomer of chlorophenyl isocyanate, dichlorophenyl isocyanate, 4-nitrophenyl isocyanate, 3-trifluoromethylphenyl isocyanate, benzyl isocyanate, dimethylphenylisocyanate, 4-dodecylphenylisocyanat, 4-cyclohexyl-phenyl isocyanate, 4-pentyl-phenyl isocyanate, 4-t-butyl phenyl isocyanate, 1-naphthyl isocyanate, preferred 4-tert-butylphenyl glycidyl ether, phenyl glycidyl ether, p-tolylisocyanate, or a combination of any two or more thereof. 8. The process according to claim 1, wherein the calculated mass ratio of the sum of the diisocyanate compound, the bisepoxide compound, and the compound comprising a mono-epoxide group, a mono-isocyanate group, or both to the sum of the diisocyanate compound, the bisepoxide compound, the compound comprising a mono-epoxide group, a mono-isocyanate group, or both and the solvent in step (i) is from 5 wt-% to 30 wt-%. 9. The process according to claim 2, wherein the solvent (E) in step (i-1) comprises sulfolane, gamma-butyrolactone, dimethylsulfoxide or N-methylpyrrolidone. 10. The process according to claim 1, wherein alkylene oxide comprises a monofunctional alkylene oxide. 11. The process according to claim 10, wherein the monofunctional alkylene oxide comprises phenyl glycidyl ether, o-kresyl glycidyl ether, m-kresyl glycidyl ether, p-kresyl glycidyl ether, 4-tert-butylphenyl glycidyl ether, 1-naphthyl glycidyl ether, 2-naphthyl glycidyl ether, 4-chlorophenyl glycidyl ether, 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl glycidyl ether, 2,4,6-tribromophenyl glycidyl ether, pentafluorophenyl glycidyl ether, cyclohexyl glycidyl ether, benzyl glycidyl ether, glycidyl benzoate, glycidyl acetate, glycidyl cyclohexylcarboxylate, methyl glycidyl ether, ethyl glycidyl ether, butyl glycidyl ether, hexyl glycidyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl glycidyl ether, octyl glycidyl ether, a C10-C18 alkyl glycidyl ether, allyl glycidyl ether, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, styrene oxide, 1,2-butene oxide, 2,3-butene oxide, 1,2-hexene oxide, an oxide of a C10-C18 alpha-olefin, cyclohexene oxide, vinylcyclohexene monoxide, limonene monoxide, butadiene monoepoxide N-glycidyl phthalimide, or a combination of any two or more thereof. 12. The process according to claim 1, wherein step i) is performed at a reaction time of 1 hour to 20 hours. 13. The process according to claim 1, wherein, step ii) is performed at a reaction time of 1 hour to 20 hours. 14. A thermoplastic polyoxazolidinone obtained by the process according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic polyoxazolidinone has a number average molecular weight Mn from ≥500 to ≤500,000 g/mol as determined with gel permeation chromatography. | A process for producing thermoplastic polyoxazolidinone, comprising the following steps: (i) Reaction of a diisocyanate compound (A) with a bisepoxide compound (B) in the presence of a catalyst (C) and a compound (D) in a solvent (E) forming an intermediate compound (F) and (ii) Reaction of a compound (G) with the intermediate (F) formed in step (i), wherein compound (D) is one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of monofunctional isocyanate and monofunctional epoxide, and wherein compound (G) is an alkylene oxide. The invention is also related to the resulting thermoplastic polyoxazolidinone.1. A process for producing a thermoplastic polyoxazolidinone, comprising:
(i) reacting a diisocyanate compound with a bisepoxide compound in the presence of a catalyst and a compound comprising a mono-epoxide group, a mono-isocyanate group, or both in a solvent to thereby form an intermediate compound; and (ii) reacting an alkylene oxide with the intermediate formed in step (i). 2. The process according to claim 1, wherein step (i) comprises:
(i-1) placing the solvent and the catalyst (C) in a reactor to provide a mixture, (i-2) placing the diisocyanate compound, the bisepoxide compound and the compound comprising a mono-epoxide group, a mono-isocyanate group, or both in a vessel to provide a mixture, and (i-3) adding the mixture resulting from step (i-2) to the mixture resulting from step (i-1). 3. The process according to claim 2, wherein the mixture resulting from step (i-2) is added in a continuous manner or step-wise manner with two or more individual addition steps to the mixture of step (i-1). 4. The process according to claim 2, wherein the alkylene oxide is added in a step-wise manner with two or more individual addition steps or in continuous manner in step (ii) to the intermediate formed in step (i). 5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst comprises Li(I), Rb(I), Cs(I), Ag(I), Au(I), Mg(II), Ca(II), Sr(II), Ba(II), Dy(II), Yb(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), V(II), Mo(II), Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II),Ni(II), Pd(II), Pt(II), Ge(II), Sn(II), Sc(III), Y(III), La(III), Ce(III), Pr(III), Nd(III), Sm(III), Eu(III), Gd(III), Tb(III), Dy(III), Ho(III), Er(III), Tm(III), Yb(III), Lu(III), Hf(III), Nb(III), Ta(III), Cr(III), Ru(III), Os(III), Rh(III), Ir(III), Al(III), Ga(III), In(III), TI(III), Ge(III), Ce(IV), Ti(IV), Zr(IV), Hf(IV), Nb(IV), Mo(IV), W(IV), Ir(IV), Pt(IV), Sn(IV), Pb(IV), Nb(V), Ta(V), Bi(V), Mo(VI), W(VI), a compound represented by the formula (I)
[M(R1)(R2)(R3)(R4)]+nYn− (I)
or a combination of any two or more thereof, wherein
M is nitrogen, phosphorous or antimony,
(R1), (R2), (R3), (R4) are independently of one another selected from the group comprising linear or branched alkyl groups containing 1 to 22 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with heteroatoms and/or heteroatom containing substituents, cycloaliphatic groups containing 3 to 22 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with heteroatoms and/or heteroatom containing substituents, C1 to C3 alkyl-bridged cycloaliphatic groups containing 3 to 22 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with heteroatoms and/or heteroatom containing substituents and aryl groups containing 6 to 18 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with one or more alkyl groups containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms and/or heteroatom containing substituents and/or heteroatoms,
Y is a halide, carbonate, nitrate, sulfate or phosphate anion, and n is an integer of 1, 2 or 3. 6. The process according to claim 1 to 5, wherein the catalyst comprises LiC, LiBr, LiI, MgCl2, MgBr2, MgI2, SmI3, Ph4SbBr, Ph4SbCl, Ph4PBr, Ph4PCl, Ph3(C6H4-OCH3)PBr, Ph3(C6H4-OCH3)PCl, Ph3(C6H4F)PCl, Ph3(C6H4F)PBr, or a combination of any two or more thereof. 7. The process according to claim 1, wherein the compound comprising a mono-epoxide group, a mono-isocyanate group, or both comprises phenyl glycidyl ether, o-kresyl glycidyl ether, m-kresyl glycidyl ether, p-kresyl glycidyl ether, 4-tert-butylphenyl glycidyl ether, 1-naphthyl glycidyl ether, 2-naphthyl glycidyl ether, 4-chlorophenyl glycidyl ether, 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl glycidyl ether, 2,4,6-tribromophenyl glycidyl ether, pentafluorophenyl glycidyl ether, cyclohexyl glycidyl ether, benzyl glycidyl ether, glycidyl benzoate, glycidyl acetate, glycidyl cyclohexylcarboxylate, methyl glycidyl ether, ethyl glycidyl ether, butyl glycidyl ether, hexyl glycidyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl glycidyl ether, octyl glycidyl ether, C10-C18 alkyl glycidyl ether, allyl glycidyl ether, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, styrene oxide, 1,2-butene oxide, 2,3-butene oxide, 1,2-hexene oxide, an oxide of a C10-C18 alpha-olefin, cyclohexene oxide, vinylcyclohexene monoxide, limonene monoxide, butadiene monoepoxide, N-glycidyl phthalimide, n-hexylisocyanate, 4-tert-butylphenyl glycidyl ether, cyclohexyl isocyanate, ω-chlorohexamethylene isocyanate, 2-ethyl hexyl isocyanate, n-octyl isocyanate, dodecyl isocyanate, stearyl isocyanate, methyl isocyanate, ethyl isocyanate, butyl isocyanate, isopropyl isocyanate, octadecyl isocyanate, 6-chloro-hexyl isocyanate, cyclohexyl isocyanate, 2,3,4-trimethylcyclohexyl isocyanate, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl isocyanate, 2-norbornyl methyl isocyanate, decyl isocyanate, dodecyl isocyanate, tetradecyl isocyanate, hexadecyl isocyanate, octadecyl isocyanate, 3-butoxypropyl isocyanate, 3-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-propyl isocyanate, (trimethylsilyl)isocyanate, phenyl isocyanate, ortho-, meta-, or para-tolyl isocyanate, a 2,3,4 isomer of chlorophenyl isocyanate, dichlorophenyl isocyanate, 4-nitrophenyl isocyanate, 3-trifluoromethylphenyl isocyanate, benzyl isocyanate, dimethylphenylisocyanate, 4-dodecylphenylisocyanat, 4-cyclohexyl-phenyl isocyanate, 4-pentyl-phenyl isocyanate, 4-t-butyl phenyl isocyanate, 1-naphthyl isocyanate, preferred 4-tert-butylphenyl glycidyl ether, phenyl glycidyl ether, p-tolylisocyanate, or a combination of any two or more thereof. 8. The process according to claim 1, wherein the calculated mass ratio of the sum of the diisocyanate compound, the bisepoxide compound, and the compound comprising a mono-epoxide group, a mono-isocyanate group, or both to the sum of the diisocyanate compound, the bisepoxide compound, the compound comprising a mono-epoxide group, a mono-isocyanate group, or both and the solvent in step (i) is from 5 wt-% to 30 wt-%. 9. The process according to claim 2, wherein the solvent (E) in step (i-1) comprises sulfolane, gamma-butyrolactone, dimethylsulfoxide or N-methylpyrrolidone. 10. The process according to claim 1, wherein alkylene oxide comprises a monofunctional alkylene oxide. 11. The process according to claim 10, wherein the monofunctional alkylene oxide comprises phenyl glycidyl ether, o-kresyl glycidyl ether, m-kresyl glycidyl ether, p-kresyl glycidyl ether, 4-tert-butylphenyl glycidyl ether, 1-naphthyl glycidyl ether, 2-naphthyl glycidyl ether, 4-chlorophenyl glycidyl ether, 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl glycidyl ether, 2,4,6-tribromophenyl glycidyl ether, pentafluorophenyl glycidyl ether, cyclohexyl glycidyl ether, benzyl glycidyl ether, glycidyl benzoate, glycidyl acetate, glycidyl cyclohexylcarboxylate, methyl glycidyl ether, ethyl glycidyl ether, butyl glycidyl ether, hexyl glycidyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl glycidyl ether, octyl glycidyl ether, a C10-C18 alkyl glycidyl ether, allyl glycidyl ether, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, styrene oxide, 1,2-butene oxide, 2,3-butene oxide, 1,2-hexene oxide, an oxide of a C10-C18 alpha-olefin, cyclohexene oxide, vinylcyclohexene monoxide, limonene monoxide, butadiene monoepoxide N-glycidyl phthalimide, or a combination of any two or more thereof. 12. The process according to claim 1, wherein step i) is performed at a reaction time of 1 hour to 20 hours. 13. The process according to claim 1, wherein, step ii) is performed at a reaction time of 1 hour to 20 hours. 14. A thermoplastic polyoxazolidinone obtained by the process according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic polyoxazolidinone has a number average molecular weight Mn from ≥500 to ≤500,000 g/mol as determined with gel permeation chromatography. | 3,700 |
340,670 | 16,642,144 | 3,732 | Paper converting plant including a rewinder adapted to produce paper logs and having an inlet for feeding a paper web, a winding station where the logs are formed and an exit station for unloading the finished logs. The rewinder has walls delimiting a chamber inside which the logs are formed, and an air suction channel at a lower part of chamber. The suction channel exerts a suction causing the formation of an air flow directed from the top to the bottom inside the chamber. The chamber includes two semi-chambers communicating with the air suction channel such that a vertical air flow directed downwards is generated in each of them, the chamber being provided with a manner for regulating the vertical air flows providing vertically oriented identical air flow rates in the semi- chambers. | 1-14. (canceled) 15. Paper converting plant for converting paper webs, comprising:
a rewinder that is adapted to produce paper logs and has an inlet for feeding a paper web, a winding station where the paper logs are formed and an exit station for unloading the finished logs, wherein the rewinder is provided with a plurality of walls delimiting a chamber inside which the paper logs are formed, and an air suction channel disposed and acting at a lower part of said chamber, said air suction channel being adapted to exert a suction that causes the formation of an air flow directed from the top to the bottom inside the chamber, wherein said chamber is subdivided into two semi-chambers both communicating with the air suction channel such that a vertical air flow directed downwards is generated in each of them, said chamber being provided with regulating means for regulating said vertical air flows to provide vertically oriented identical air flow rates in the semi-chambers. 16. Plant according to claim 15, wherein said air suction channel has an opening extending throughout the width of rewinder. 17. Plant according to claim 15, wherein said rewinder comprises electric motors arranged outside the chamber. 18. Plant according to claim 15, wherein said walls are inclined such that the containment chamber is narrowed at its bottom, in correspondence of said air suction channel. 19. Plant according to claim 15, wherein said air suction channel is connected downstream to an air filtering device. 20. Plant according to claim 15, wherein said air channel is connected downstream to an air filtering device and then to an inlet disposed at the top of said chamber to enter filtered air in the same chamber. 21. Plant according to claim 15, further comprising a containment cabin adapted to delimit the environment surrounding the plant from a remaining part of a shed in which the same plant is located. 22. Plant according to claim 21, wherein said chamber is inside said containment cabin. 23. Plant according to claim 22, wherein the motors of said rewinder are external to said containment cabin. 24. Plant according to claim 15, wherein the walls of the containment chamber are provided with removable or openable doors provided with respective activation means. 25. Plant according to claim 15, further comprising residues separation means for separating possible residues carried by said air flows according to the mass and/or the size of the residues themselves. 26. Plant according to claim 25, wherein said residues separation means comprise a connecting channel connecting said chamber to said air suction channel, a container located at the bottom of said connection channel, and air blowing means adapted to convey a part of said residues towards the suction channel, the air suction channel being arranged laterally with respect to an outlet section of the residues from the containment chamber, said connecting channel having a lower part communicating with the container. 27. Plant according to claim 15, wherein said chamber is divided into two semi-chambers and by a paper web being converted, said flows of equal amount in the two semi-chambers and determining a pressure of the same amount on the two sides of the paper web. 28. Plant according to claim 15, wherein said means for regulating said air flows comprise perforated bodies having a same area and arranged in each of said semi-chambers in zones crossed by said air flows. | Paper converting plant including a rewinder adapted to produce paper logs and having an inlet for feeding a paper web, a winding station where the logs are formed and an exit station for unloading the finished logs. The rewinder has walls delimiting a chamber inside which the logs are formed, and an air suction channel at a lower part of chamber. The suction channel exerts a suction causing the formation of an air flow directed from the top to the bottom inside the chamber. The chamber includes two semi-chambers communicating with the air suction channel such that a vertical air flow directed downwards is generated in each of them, the chamber being provided with a manner for regulating the vertical air flows providing vertically oriented identical air flow rates in the semi- chambers.1-14. (canceled) 15. Paper converting plant for converting paper webs, comprising:
a rewinder that is adapted to produce paper logs and has an inlet for feeding a paper web, a winding station where the paper logs are formed and an exit station for unloading the finished logs, wherein the rewinder is provided with a plurality of walls delimiting a chamber inside which the paper logs are formed, and an air suction channel disposed and acting at a lower part of said chamber, said air suction channel being adapted to exert a suction that causes the formation of an air flow directed from the top to the bottom inside the chamber, wherein said chamber is subdivided into two semi-chambers both communicating with the air suction channel such that a vertical air flow directed downwards is generated in each of them, said chamber being provided with regulating means for regulating said vertical air flows to provide vertically oriented identical air flow rates in the semi-chambers. 16. Plant according to claim 15, wherein said air suction channel has an opening extending throughout the width of rewinder. 17. Plant according to claim 15, wherein said rewinder comprises electric motors arranged outside the chamber. 18. Plant according to claim 15, wherein said walls are inclined such that the containment chamber is narrowed at its bottom, in correspondence of said air suction channel. 19. Plant according to claim 15, wherein said air suction channel is connected downstream to an air filtering device. 20. Plant according to claim 15, wherein said air channel is connected downstream to an air filtering device and then to an inlet disposed at the top of said chamber to enter filtered air in the same chamber. 21. Plant according to claim 15, further comprising a containment cabin adapted to delimit the environment surrounding the plant from a remaining part of a shed in which the same plant is located. 22. Plant according to claim 21, wherein said chamber is inside said containment cabin. 23. Plant according to claim 22, wherein the motors of said rewinder are external to said containment cabin. 24. Plant according to claim 15, wherein the walls of the containment chamber are provided with removable or openable doors provided with respective activation means. 25. Plant according to claim 15, further comprising residues separation means for separating possible residues carried by said air flows according to the mass and/or the size of the residues themselves. 26. Plant according to claim 25, wherein said residues separation means comprise a connecting channel connecting said chamber to said air suction channel, a container located at the bottom of said connection channel, and air blowing means adapted to convey a part of said residues towards the suction channel, the air suction channel being arranged laterally with respect to an outlet section of the residues from the containment chamber, said connecting channel having a lower part communicating with the container. 27. Plant according to claim 15, wherein said chamber is divided into two semi-chambers and by a paper web being converted, said flows of equal amount in the two semi-chambers and determining a pressure of the same amount on the two sides of the paper web. 28. Plant according to claim 15, wherein said means for regulating said air flows comprise perforated bodies having a same area and arranged in each of said semi-chambers in zones crossed by said air flows. | 3,700 |
340,671 | 16,642,132 | 3,732 | Disclosed herein are methods for manufacturing IC components using bottom-up fill of openings with a dielectric material. In one aspect, an exemplary method includes, first, depositing a solid dielectric liner on the inner surfaces of the openings using a non-flowable process, and subsequently filling the remaining empty volume of the openings with a fill dielectric using a flowable process. Such a combination method may maximize the individual strengths of the non-flowable and flowable processes due to the synergetic effect achieved by their combined use, while reducing their respective drawbacks. Assemblies and devices manufactured using such methods are disclosed as well. | 1. A method for manufacturing a structure with a plurality of openings filled with a dielectric material, the method comprising:
depositing a first dielectric material on inner surfaces of the plurality of openings; filling remaining volume of the plurality of openings with a flowable second dielectric material; and cross-linking bonds of the second dielectric material to solidify the second dielectric material. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of openings has an aspect ratio greater than 6, where an aspect ratio is a ratio of a depth of an opening to a width of the opening. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first dielectric material occupies between 1 and 95% of a volume of each of the plurality of openings. 4-5. (canceled) 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein filling the remaining volume of the plurality of openings with the second dielectric material comprises heating up one or more precursors for the second dielectric material to a temperature above a glass transition temperature of said one or more precursors. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein cross-linking bonds of the second dielectric material comprises baking the structure at a temperature above 200 degrees Celsius and/or applying an optical excitation. 8. (canceled) 9. The method according to claim 1, further comprising curing the solidified second dielectric material, wherein the curing includes heating the structure to temperatures between 200-450 degrees Celsius while simultaneously exposing the solidified second dielectric material to radiation or charged particles. 10-11. (canceled) 12. An assembly comprising:
a structure comprising at least one opening, the opening comprising:
a first dielectric material on side walls of the opening,
a second dielectric material at least partially enclosed by the first dielectric material, and
an interface region between the first dielectric material and the second dielectric material,
wherein an average atomic percentage of a first chemical element within the first dielectric material differs from an average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the interface region by more than 5%. 13. The assembly according to claim 12, wherein an average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the second dielectric material differs from the average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the first dielectric material by less than 3%. 14. The assembly according to claim 13, wherein:
an average atomic percentage of a second chemical element within the first dielectric material differs from an average atomic percentage of the second chemical element within the interface region by more than 5%, and an average atomic percentage of the second chemical element within the second dielectric material differs from the average atomic percentage of the second chemical element within the first dielectric material by less than 3%. 15. The assembly according to claim 13, wherein the first dielectric material is included in a first liner layer region and the interface region is a first interface region extending from the first liner layer region towards the center of the opening, and the opening further comprises:
a second liner layer region comprising a dielectric material extending from the first interface region towards the center of the opening, a second interface region comprising a dielectric material at least partially encompassed by the second liner layer region, and the second dielectric material is at least partially encompassed by the second interface layer region. 16. The assembly according to claim 15, wherein an average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the second liner layer region differs from an average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the second interface region or the average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the first interface region by more than 5%. 17. The assembly according to claim 15, wherein an average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the second liner layer region differs from an average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the second dielectric material or the average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the first liner layer region by less than 3%. 18. The assembly according to claim 15, wherein the average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the second interface region differs from the average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the first liner region or an average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the second dielectric material by more than 5%. 19. The assembly according to claim 12, wherein an average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the second dielectric material differs from the average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the first dielectric material by more than 15%. 20. The assembly according to claim 12, wherein the first dielectric material occupies between 2 and 90% of a volume of the opening. 21. The assembly according to claim 12, wherein the opening has an aspect ratio greater than 6, where an aspect ratio is a ratio of a depth of the opening to a width of the opening. 22. The assembly according to claim 12, wherein the plurality of openings have depths of 5 to 170 nanometers. 23. The assembly according to claim 12, further comprising a capping material over the opening, wherein the capping material over the opening and the dielectric materials within the opening have different etch properties. 24. An assembly comprising:
a structure comprising at least one opening, the opening comprising:
a layer of a first dielectric material on side walls and a floor of the opening, and
a second dielectric material in a remaining volume of the opening,
wherein the first dielectric material is different from the second dielectric material. 25. The assembly according to claim 24, wherein the opening has an aspect ratio greater than 6, where an aspect ratio is a ratio of a depth of the opening to a width of the opening and wherein the dielectric liner occupies between 1 and 90% of a volume of the opening. | Disclosed herein are methods for manufacturing IC components using bottom-up fill of openings with a dielectric material. In one aspect, an exemplary method includes, first, depositing a solid dielectric liner on the inner surfaces of the openings using a non-flowable process, and subsequently filling the remaining empty volume of the openings with a fill dielectric using a flowable process. Such a combination method may maximize the individual strengths of the non-flowable and flowable processes due to the synergetic effect achieved by their combined use, while reducing their respective drawbacks. Assemblies and devices manufactured using such methods are disclosed as well.1. A method for manufacturing a structure with a plurality of openings filled with a dielectric material, the method comprising:
depositing a first dielectric material on inner surfaces of the plurality of openings; filling remaining volume of the plurality of openings with a flowable second dielectric material; and cross-linking bonds of the second dielectric material to solidify the second dielectric material. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of openings has an aspect ratio greater than 6, where an aspect ratio is a ratio of a depth of an opening to a width of the opening. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first dielectric material occupies between 1 and 95% of a volume of each of the plurality of openings. 4-5. (canceled) 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein filling the remaining volume of the plurality of openings with the second dielectric material comprises heating up one or more precursors for the second dielectric material to a temperature above a glass transition temperature of said one or more precursors. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein cross-linking bonds of the second dielectric material comprises baking the structure at a temperature above 200 degrees Celsius and/or applying an optical excitation. 8. (canceled) 9. The method according to claim 1, further comprising curing the solidified second dielectric material, wherein the curing includes heating the structure to temperatures between 200-450 degrees Celsius while simultaneously exposing the solidified second dielectric material to radiation or charged particles. 10-11. (canceled) 12. An assembly comprising:
a structure comprising at least one opening, the opening comprising:
a first dielectric material on side walls of the opening,
a second dielectric material at least partially enclosed by the first dielectric material, and
an interface region between the first dielectric material and the second dielectric material,
wherein an average atomic percentage of a first chemical element within the first dielectric material differs from an average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the interface region by more than 5%. 13. The assembly according to claim 12, wherein an average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the second dielectric material differs from the average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the first dielectric material by less than 3%. 14. The assembly according to claim 13, wherein:
an average atomic percentage of a second chemical element within the first dielectric material differs from an average atomic percentage of the second chemical element within the interface region by more than 5%, and an average atomic percentage of the second chemical element within the second dielectric material differs from the average atomic percentage of the second chemical element within the first dielectric material by less than 3%. 15. The assembly according to claim 13, wherein the first dielectric material is included in a first liner layer region and the interface region is a first interface region extending from the first liner layer region towards the center of the opening, and the opening further comprises:
a second liner layer region comprising a dielectric material extending from the first interface region towards the center of the opening, a second interface region comprising a dielectric material at least partially encompassed by the second liner layer region, and the second dielectric material is at least partially encompassed by the second interface layer region. 16. The assembly according to claim 15, wherein an average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the second liner layer region differs from an average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the second interface region or the average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the first interface region by more than 5%. 17. The assembly according to claim 15, wherein an average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the second liner layer region differs from an average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the second dielectric material or the average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the first liner layer region by less than 3%. 18. The assembly according to claim 15, wherein the average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the second interface region differs from the average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the first liner region or an average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the second dielectric material by more than 5%. 19. The assembly according to claim 12, wherein an average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the second dielectric material differs from the average atomic percentage of the first chemical element within the first dielectric material by more than 15%. 20. The assembly according to claim 12, wherein the first dielectric material occupies between 2 and 90% of a volume of the opening. 21. The assembly according to claim 12, wherein the opening has an aspect ratio greater than 6, where an aspect ratio is a ratio of a depth of the opening to a width of the opening. 22. The assembly according to claim 12, wherein the plurality of openings have depths of 5 to 170 nanometers. 23. The assembly according to claim 12, further comprising a capping material over the opening, wherein the capping material over the opening and the dielectric materials within the opening have different etch properties. 24. An assembly comprising:
a structure comprising at least one opening, the opening comprising:
a layer of a first dielectric material on side walls and a floor of the opening, and
a second dielectric material in a remaining volume of the opening,
wherein the first dielectric material is different from the second dielectric material. 25. The assembly according to claim 24, wherein the opening has an aspect ratio greater than 6, where an aspect ratio is a ratio of a depth of the opening to a width of the opening and wherein the dielectric liner occupies between 1 and 90% of a volume of the opening. | 3,700 |
340,672 | 16,642,152 | 3,732 | Embodiments of the present disclosure describe a method of synthesizing a glycidyl azide homopolymer comprising contacting a glycidyl azide monomer, an initiator, and a Lewis acid sufficient to form the glycidyl azide homopolymer; wherein the glycidyl azide homopolymer is directly polymerized from the glycidyl azide monomer. Embodiments of the present disclosure further describe a method of making a glycidyl azide polymer comprising contacting one or more of a glycidyl azide monomer, an epoxide monomer, carbon dioxide, an initiator, and a Lewis acid in a reaction medium to form a glycidyl azide polymer. | 1. A method of synthesizing a glycidyl azide homopolymer, comprising:
contacting a glycidyl azide monomer, an initiator, and a Lewis acid sufficient to form the glycidyl azide homopolymer; wherein the glycidyl azide homopolymer is directly polymerized from the glycidyl azide monomer. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the initiator is characterized by the formula Y+Z−; where Y+ is an onium salt including any alkyl group and Z− is one or more of a halide, pseudohalide, alkoxide, phenoxide, carboxylate, carbonate, and hydrogen carbonate. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein Z− is Cl−, Br−, N3 −, RO−, ROCO2 −, or RCO2 − and Y+ is t-BuP4H+, NBu4 +, PPN+, PPh4 +, or PBu4 +. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the initiator is one or more of Bu4NBr, Bu4NCl, Bu4NN3, PPNCl, Bu4PCl, (Oct)4NBr, ROH—P4, HOROH—P4, Bu4NCO2H, BuLi-P4, (NOct)2ADP, and (NOct)3TCA. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the Lewis acid is an alkyl borane or alkyl aluminum. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the Lewis acid is one or more of triisobutyl aluminum, triethyl borane, trialkyl aluminum, trimethyl borane, triisobutylborane, triphenylborane, trialkyl borane, dialkyl zinc, dialkyl magnesium, diethyl zinc, diethyl magnesium, and ester forms thereof. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein a ratio of initiator to Lewis acid ranges from 1:1 to 1:10. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the Lewis acid is provided in excess of the initiator. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the poly(glycidyl azide) is characterized by the formula: 10. A method of making a glycidyl azide polymer, comprising:
contacting one or more of a glycidyl azide monomer, an epoxide monomer, an initiator, and a Lewis acid in a reaction medium to form a glycidyl azide polymer. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the Lewis acid is provided in excess of the initiator. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein the epoxide monomer is characterized by the formula: 13. The method of claim 10, wherein the epoxide monomer is one or more of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, 1-butene oxide, 1-hexene oxide, 1-octene oxide, styrene oxide, cyclohexene oxide, allyl glycidyl ether, and butyl glycidyl ether. 14. The method of claim 10, wherein the glycidyl azide polymer is a glycidyl azide random polyether copolymer formed from the copolymerization of the glycidyl azide monomer and epoxide monomer. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the glycidyl azide random polyether copolymer is characterized by the formula: 16. The method of claim 10, further comprising charging the reaction medium with carbon dioxide. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the glycidyl azide polymer is a glycidyl azide polycarbonate copolymer formed from the copolymerization of the glycidyl azide monomer and carbon dioxide. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the glycidyl azide polycarbonate copolymer is characterized by the formula: 19. The method of claim 16, wherein the glycidyl azide polymer is a glycidyl azide random polycarbonate copolymer formed from the terpolymerization of glycidyl azide monomer, epoxide monomer, and carbon dioxide. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the glycidyl azide random polycarbonate copolymer is characterized by the formula: | Embodiments of the present disclosure describe a method of synthesizing a glycidyl azide homopolymer comprising contacting a glycidyl azide monomer, an initiator, and a Lewis acid sufficient to form the glycidyl azide homopolymer; wherein the glycidyl azide homopolymer is directly polymerized from the glycidyl azide monomer. Embodiments of the present disclosure further describe a method of making a glycidyl azide polymer comprising contacting one or more of a glycidyl azide monomer, an epoxide monomer, carbon dioxide, an initiator, and a Lewis acid in a reaction medium to form a glycidyl azide polymer.1. A method of synthesizing a glycidyl azide homopolymer, comprising:
contacting a glycidyl azide monomer, an initiator, and a Lewis acid sufficient to form the glycidyl azide homopolymer; wherein the glycidyl azide homopolymer is directly polymerized from the glycidyl azide monomer. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the initiator is characterized by the formula Y+Z−; where Y+ is an onium salt including any alkyl group and Z− is one or more of a halide, pseudohalide, alkoxide, phenoxide, carboxylate, carbonate, and hydrogen carbonate. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein Z− is Cl−, Br−, N3 −, RO−, ROCO2 −, or RCO2 − and Y+ is t-BuP4H+, NBu4 +, PPN+, PPh4 +, or PBu4 +. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the initiator is one or more of Bu4NBr, Bu4NCl, Bu4NN3, PPNCl, Bu4PCl, (Oct)4NBr, ROH—P4, HOROH—P4, Bu4NCO2H, BuLi-P4, (NOct)2ADP, and (NOct)3TCA. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the Lewis acid is an alkyl borane or alkyl aluminum. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the Lewis acid is one or more of triisobutyl aluminum, triethyl borane, trialkyl aluminum, trimethyl borane, triisobutylborane, triphenylborane, trialkyl borane, dialkyl zinc, dialkyl magnesium, diethyl zinc, diethyl magnesium, and ester forms thereof. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein a ratio of initiator to Lewis acid ranges from 1:1 to 1:10. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the Lewis acid is provided in excess of the initiator. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the poly(glycidyl azide) is characterized by the formula: 10. A method of making a glycidyl azide polymer, comprising:
contacting one or more of a glycidyl azide monomer, an epoxide monomer, an initiator, and a Lewis acid in a reaction medium to form a glycidyl azide polymer. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the Lewis acid is provided in excess of the initiator. 12. The method of claim 10, wherein the epoxide monomer is characterized by the formula: 13. The method of claim 10, wherein the epoxide monomer is one or more of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, 1-butene oxide, 1-hexene oxide, 1-octene oxide, styrene oxide, cyclohexene oxide, allyl glycidyl ether, and butyl glycidyl ether. 14. The method of claim 10, wherein the glycidyl azide polymer is a glycidyl azide random polyether copolymer formed from the copolymerization of the glycidyl azide monomer and epoxide monomer. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the glycidyl azide random polyether copolymer is characterized by the formula: 16. The method of claim 10, further comprising charging the reaction medium with carbon dioxide. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the glycidyl azide polymer is a glycidyl azide polycarbonate copolymer formed from the copolymerization of the glycidyl azide monomer and carbon dioxide. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the glycidyl azide polycarbonate copolymer is characterized by the formula: 19. The method of claim 16, wherein the glycidyl azide polymer is a glycidyl azide random polycarbonate copolymer formed from the terpolymerization of glycidyl azide monomer, epoxide monomer, and carbon dioxide. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the glycidyl azide random polycarbonate copolymer is characterized by the formula: | 3,700 |
340,673 | 16,642,135 | 3,732 | A method of manufacturing is provided for obtaining ferric citrate by a simple drying operation, the ferric citrate having a high purity, a high specific surface area, and a reduced water-soluble organic solvent content. The method of manufacturing ferric citrate, comprises a wet material of ferric citrate, containing the ferric citrate and a water-soluble organic solvent and having a water-soluble organic solvent content within the range of more than 0.3% by mass to 30.0% by mass or less, dried by bringing a gas containing water into contact. | 1. A manufacturing method of ferric citrate, wherein a wet material of ferric citrate, containing the ferric citrate and a water-soluble organic solvent and having a water-soluble organic solvent content within a range of more than 0.3% by mass to 30.0% by mass or less, is dried while bringing it into contact with a gas containing water. 2. The manufacturing method of ferric citrate according to claim 1, wherein contact of the gas containing water is performed at 5 to 60° C. 3. The manufacturing method of ferric citrate according to claim 1, wherein a relative humidity of the gas containing water is 20 to 95 RH %. 4. The manufacturing method of ferric citrate according to claim 1, wherein the water-soluble organic solvent is at least one type selected from acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, isopropyl alcohol, 2-butanol, t-butanol, acetonitrile, propionitrile, dimethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, and dioxane. 5. The manufacturing method of ferric citrate according to claim 1, wherein the wet material of ferric citrate, having a water-soluble organic solvent content within a range of more than 0.3% by mass to 30.0% by mass or less, is prepared by drying a wet material of ferric citrate, containing more than 30% by mass of the water-soluble organic solvent, under an atmosphere not containing water. 6. Ferric citrate having a water-soluble organic solvent content of 0.25% by mass or less and a specific surface area of 24.5 m2/g to 88.7 m2/g. 7. The manufacturing method of ferric citrate according to claim 2, wherein a relative humidity of the gas containing water is 20 to 95 RH %. 8. The manufacturing method of ferric citrate according to claim 2, wherein the water-soluble organic solvent is at least one type selected from acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, isopropyl alcohol, 2-butanol, t-butanol, acetonitrile, propionitrile, dimethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, and dioxane. 9. The manufacturing method of ferric citrate according to claim 3, wherein the water-soluble organic solvent is at least one type selected from acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, isopropyl alcohol, 2-butanol, t-butanol, acetonitrile, propionitrile, dimethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, and dioxane. 10. The manufacturing method of ferric citrate according to claim 2, wherein the wet material of ferric citrate, having a water-soluble organic solvent content within a range of more than 0.3% by mass to 30.0% by mass or less, is prepared by drying a wet material of ferric citrate, containing more than 30% by mass of the water-soluble organic solvent, under an atmosphere not containing water. 11. The manufacturing method of ferric citrate according to claim 3, wherein the wet material of ferric citrate, having a water-soluble organic solvent content within a range of more than 0.3% by mass to 30.0% by mass or less, is prepared by drying a wet material of ferric citrate, containing more than 30% by mass of the water-soluble organic solvent, under an atmosphere not containing water. 12. The manufacturing method of ferric citrate according to claim 4, wherein the wet material of ferric citrate, having a water-soluble organic solvent content within a range of more than 0.3% by mass to 30.0% by mass or less, is prepared by drying a wet material of ferric citrate, containing more than 30% by mass of the water-soluble organic solvent, under an atmosphere not containing water. | A method of manufacturing is provided for obtaining ferric citrate by a simple drying operation, the ferric citrate having a high purity, a high specific surface area, and a reduced water-soluble organic solvent content. The method of manufacturing ferric citrate, comprises a wet material of ferric citrate, containing the ferric citrate and a water-soluble organic solvent and having a water-soluble organic solvent content within the range of more than 0.3% by mass to 30.0% by mass or less, dried by bringing a gas containing water into contact.1. A manufacturing method of ferric citrate, wherein a wet material of ferric citrate, containing the ferric citrate and a water-soluble organic solvent and having a water-soluble organic solvent content within a range of more than 0.3% by mass to 30.0% by mass or less, is dried while bringing it into contact with a gas containing water. 2. The manufacturing method of ferric citrate according to claim 1, wherein contact of the gas containing water is performed at 5 to 60° C. 3. The manufacturing method of ferric citrate according to claim 1, wherein a relative humidity of the gas containing water is 20 to 95 RH %. 4. The manufacturing method of ferric citrate according to claim 1, wherein the water-soluble organic solvent is at least one type selected from acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, isopropyl alcohol, 2-butanol, t-butanol, acetonitrile, propionitrile, dimethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, and dioxane. 5. The manufacturing method of ferric citrate according to claim 1, wherein the wet material of ferric citrate, having a water-soluble organic solvent content within a range of more than 0.3% by mass to 30.0% by mass or less, is prepared by drying a wet material of ferric citrate, containing more than 30% by mass of the water-soluble organic solvent, under an atmosphere not containing water. 6. Ferric citrate having a water-soluble organic solvent content of 0.25% by mass or less and a specific surface area of 24.5 m2/g to 88.7 m2/g. 7. The manufacturing method of ferric citrate according to claim 2, wherein a relative humidity of the gas containing water is 20 to 95 RH %. 8. The manufacturing method of ferric citrate according to claim 2, wherein the water-soluble organic solvent is at least one type selected from acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, isopropyl alcohol, 2-butanol, t-butanol, acetonitrile, propionitrile, dimethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, and dioxane. 9. The manufacturing method of ferric citrate according to claim 3, wherein the water-soluble organic solvent is at least one type selected from acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, isopropyl alcohol, 2-butanol, t-butanol, acetonitrile, propionitrile, dimethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, and dioxane. 10. The manufacturing method of ferric citrate according to claim 2, wherein the wet material of ferric citrate, having a water-soluble organic solvent content within a range of more than 0.3% by mass to 30.0% by mass or less, is prepared by drying a wet material of ferric citrate, containing more than 30% by mass of the water-soluble organic solvent, under an atmosphere not containing water. 11. The manufacturing method of ferric citrate according to claim 3, wherein the wet material of ferric citrate, having a water-soluble organic solvent content within a range of more than 0.3% by mass to 30.0% by mass or less, is prepared by drying a wet material of ferric citrate, containing more than 30% by mass of the water-soluble organic solvent, under an atmosphere not containing water. 12. The manufacturing method of ferric citrate according to claim 4, wherein the wet material of ferric citrate, having a water-soluble organic solvent content within a range of more than 0.3% by mass to 30.0% by mass or less, is prepared by drying a wet material of ferric citrate, containing more than 30% by mass of the water-soluble organic solvent, under an atmosphere not containing water. | 3,700 |
340,674 | 16,642,133 | 3,732 | A single beam plasma or ion source apparatus is provided. Another aspect employs an ion source including multiple magnets and magnetic shunts arranged in a generally E cross-sectional shape. A further aspect of an ion source includes magnets and/or magnetic shunts which create a magnetic flux with a central dip or outward undulation located in an open space within a plasma source. In another aspect, an ion source includes a removeable cap attached to an anode body which surrounds the magnets. Yet a further aspect provides a single beam plasma source which generates ions simultaneously with target sputtering and at the same internal pressure. | 1. An ion source apparatus comprising:
(a) an anode comprising at least one magnetic conductor inwardly extending toward an ion emission axis, an open plasma area being located within a hollow central area of the anode; (b) a cathode comprising a cap having a single outlet opening therethough, the outlet opening being aligned with the axis; and (c) magnetic flux lines extending between uppermost and lowermost sections of the at least one magnetic conductor, the magnetic flux lines including a central outward dip adjacent a middle section of the at least one magnetic conductor, the dip of the magnetic flux lines being in the open plasma area, and the dip changing movement of electrons adjacent the dip to increase ionization within a plasma inside the anode. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
annular permanent magnets located between multiples of the magnetic conductor in a stacked arrangement; and the multiple magnetic conductors being annular and metallic shunts inwardly projecting toward the axis further than the permanent magnets, the shunts corresponding to the sections. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the cathode further comprises a body concentrically surrounding the magnets and the shunts, and the cap of the cathode being directly and removeably attached to the body which is laterally spaced away from the anode, and the cap inwardly overhanging the magnets and shunts. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a single ion beam, with ions being substantially uniformly distributed around the emission axis when viewed in cross-section, emitted through the outlet opening along the emission axis. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, further comprising:
a vacuum chamber containing a precursor gas; a sputter target located in the vacuum chamber receiving the single ion beam; and the at least one magnetic conductor includes at least three spaced apart shunts with the uppermost section being a first of the shunts and the lowermost section being a third of the shunts with the middle section being a second shunt located therebetween. 6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the single outlet opening is linearly elongated in a direction substantially perpendicular to the emission axis. 7. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the single outlet opening is circular with a frustoconical tapered surface on the cap surrounding the opening. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a deposition source, a portion of the at least one magnetic conductor being at least partially concentrically located within the deposition source. 9. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a specimen, and the anode and cathode emitting a single ion beam with a substantially uniformly distributed ion cross-section around the emission axis, to assist in depositing a thin film of a deposition material on the specimen. 10. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a specimen, and the anode and the cathode emitting a single ion beam with a substantially uniformly distributed ion cross-section around the emission axis, to assist in depositing a carbon-based coating on a specimen with the assistance of a carbon-based precursor gas. 11. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a radio frequency coil surrounding an ion beam emitted from the anode and the cathode, the coil being longitudinally spaced away from the anode and the cathode. 12. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a sputter target, and the anode and the cathode being adapted to cause simultaneously ion emission and sputtering at the same pressure. 13.-77. (canceled) | A single beam plasma or ion source apparatus is provided. Another aspect employs an ion source including multiple magnets and magnetic shunts arranged in a generally E cross-sectional shape. A further aspect of an ion source includes magnets and/or magnetic shunts which create a magnetic flux with a central dip or outward undulation located in an open space within a plasma source. In another aspect, an ion source includes a removeable cap attached to an anode body which surrounds the magnets. Yet a further aspect provides a single beam plasma source which generates ions simultaneously with target sputtering and at the same internal pressure.1. An ion source apparatus comprising:
(a) an anode comprising at least one magnetic conductor inwardly extending toward an ion emission axis, an open plasma area being located within a hollow central area of the anode; (b) a cathode comprising a cap having a single outlet opening therethough, the outlet opening being aligned with the axis; and (c) magnetic flux lines extending between uppermost and lowermost sections of the at least one magnetic conductor, the magnetic flux lines including a central outward dip adjacent a middle section of the at least one magnetic conductor, the dip of the magnetic flux lines being in the open plasma area, and the dip changing movement of electrons adjacent the dip to increase ionization within a plasma inside the anode. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
annular permanent magnets located between multiples of the magnetic conductor in a stacked arrangement; and the multiple magnetic conductors being annular and metallic shunts inwardly projecting toward the axis further than the permanent magnets, the shunts corresponding to the sections. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the cathode further comprises a body concentrically surrounding the magnets and the shunts, and the cap of the cathode being directly and removeably attached to the body which is laterally spaced away from the anode, and the cap inwardly overhanging the magnets and shunts. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a single ion beam, with ions being substantially uniformly distributed around the emission axis when viewed in cross-section, emitted through the outlet opening along the emission axis. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, further comprising:
a vacuum chamber containing a precursor gas; a sputter target located in the vacuum chamber receiving the single ion beam; and the at least one magnetic conductor includes at least three spaced apart shunts with the uppermost section being a first of the shunts and the lowermost section being a third of the shunts with the middle section being a second shunt located therebetween. 6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the single outlet opening is linearly elongated in a direction substantially perpendicular to the emission axis. 7. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the single outlet opening is circular with a frustoconical tapered surface on the cap surrounding the opening. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a deposition source, a portion of the at least one magnetic conductor being at least partially concentrically located within the deposition source. 9. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a specimen, and the anode and cathode emitting a single ion beam with a substantially uniformly distributed ion cross-section around the emission axis, to assist in depositing a thin film of a deposition material on the specimen. 10. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a specimen, and the anode and the cathode emitting a single ion beam with a substantially uniformly distributed ion cross-section around the emission axis, to assist in depositing a carbon-based coating on a specimen with the assistance of a carbon-based precursor gas. 11. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a radio frequency coil surrounding an ion beam emitted from the anode and the cathode, the coil being longitudinally spaced away from the anode and the cathode. 12. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a sputter target, and the anode and the cathode being adapted to cause simultaneously ion emission and sputtering at the same pressure. 13.-77. (canceled) | 3,700 |
340,675 | 16,642,130 | 3,732 | The present invention relates to a target gene-detecting device and a method for detecting a target gene. According to an aspect, a target gene-detecting device can be conveniently fabricated at low cost by employing a porous substrate or a method for detecting a target gene allows the pretreatment of a sample, the extraction of a nucleic acid, the amplification of a nucleic acid, and the detection of a target gene to be conducted at high accuracy and specificity in an integral system, with no contamination plausibility and can be thus useful for gene inspection. | 1. A target gene-detecting device comprising:
a first porous substrate supporting a composition for nucleic acid detection; and a second porous substrate having a metal nanostructure. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the composition for nucleic acid detection comprises a cell-lysing composition, a composition for protein degradation, a composition for suppressing nucleic acid degradation, or a combination thereof. 3. The device of claim 1, wherein the metal nanostructure comprises gold, silver, platinum, aluminum, iron, zinc, bronze, brass, nickel, alloys of these metals, or a combination thereof. 4. The device of claim 1, wherein the metal nanostructure is a metal nanoparticle, a metal nanorod, a metal nanoisland, a metal nanocap, a metal nanowire, a metal nanocrescent moon, a metal nanorice, a metal nanoshell, a metal nanostar, or a combination thereof. 5. The device of claim 1, wherein the second porous substrate supports a nucleic acid-amplifying composition. 6. The device of claim 1, wherein the second porous substrate comprises a composition for nucleic acid detection. 7. The device of claim 1, wherein the first porous substrate and the second porous substrate are arranged to be in contact with each other or to be spaced a predetermined distance apart from each other. 8. The device of claim 7, wherein, when the first porous substrate and the second porous substrate are arranged to be spaced apart from each other, the device comprises a connection unit that connects the first porous substrate and the second porous substrate to each other. 9. The device of claim 1, wherein a material of the first porous substrate or the second porous substrate is paper, nylon, nitrocellulose (NC), polyester (PE), polysulfonate (PS), polyether sulfone (PES), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polypropylene (PP), cellulose, cellulose acetate (CA), regenerated cellulose (RC), glass, or a combination thereof. 10. The device of claim 1, which emits a signal of the light scattered after being irradiated with laser. 11. A method for detecting a target gene comprising:
contacting a biological sample with a first porous substrate supporting a composition for nucleic acid detection and thus extracting a nucleic acid from the biological sample; contacting the extracted nucleic acid with a second porous substrate having a metal nanostructure and thus bringing the nucleic acid into proximity to the metal nanostructure; and acquiring a signal of the light scattered after irradiating with laser the second porous substrate having the nanostructure to which the nucleic acid is brought into proximity. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the biological sample includes tissue, a cell, blood, blood plasma, blood serum, saliva, sputum, spinal fluid, urine, or a combination thereof. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the bringing of the nucleic acid into proximity to the metal nanostructure comprises amplifying the nucleic acid. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein, when the amplifying is performed by an isothermal amplification reaction, the isothermal amplification reaction is conducted at a temperature ranging from 37° C. to 80° C. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein, when the first porous substrate and the second porous substrate are arranged to be spaced apart from each other, the extracted nucleic acid moves from the first porous substrate to the second porous substrate through a connection unit that connects the first porous substrate and the second porous substrate to each other, and when the first porous substrate and the second porous substrate are arranged to be in contact with each other, the extracted nucleic acid moves from the first porous substrate to the second porous substrate in direct contact with each other. 16. The method of claim 11, wherein the scattering is surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS), coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering (CARS), or a combination thereof. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein the scattering signal is a scattering signal intensity, a scattering signal pattern, or a combination thereof. | The present invention relates to a target gene-detecting device and a method for detecting a target gene. According to an aspect, a target gene-detecting device can be conveniently fabricated at low cost by employing a porous substrate or a method for detecting a target gene allows the pretreatment of a sample, the extraction of a nucleic acid, the amplification of a nucleic acid, and the detection of a target gene to be conducted at high accuracy and specificity in an integral system, with no contamination plausibility and can be thus useful for gene inspection.1. A target gene-detecting device comprising:
a first porous substrate supporting a composition for nucleic acid detection; and a second porous substrate having a metal nanostructure. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the composition for nucleic acid detection comprises a cell-lysing composition, a composition for protein degradation, a composition for suppressing nucleic acid degradation, or a combination thereof. 3. The device of claim 1, wherein the metal nanostructure comprises gold, silver, platinum, aluminum, iron, zinc, bronze, brass, nickel, alloys of these metals, or a combination thereof. 4. The device of claim 1, wherein the metal nanostructure is a metal nanoparticle, a metal nanorod, a metal nanoisland, a metal nanocap, a metal nanowire, a metal nanocrescent moon, a metal nanorice, a metal nanoshell, a metal nanostar, or a combination thereof. 5. The device of claim 1, wherein the second porous substrate supports a nucleic acid-amplifying composition. 6. The device of claim 1, wherein the second porous substrate comprises a composition for nucleic acid detection. 7. The device of claim 1, wherein the first porous substrate and the second porous substrate are arranged to be in contact with each other or to be spaced a predetermined distance apart from each other. 8. The device of claim 7, wherein, when the first porous substrate and the second porous substrate are arranged to be spaced apart from each other, the device comprises a connection unit that connects the first porous substrate and the second porous substrate to each other. 9. The device of claim 1, wherein a material of the first porous substrate or the second porous substrate is paper, nylon, nitrocellulose (NC), polyester (PE), polysulfonate (PS), polyether sulfone (PES), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polypropylene (PP), cellulose, cellulose acetate (CA), regenerated cellulose (RC), glass, or a combination thereof. 10. The device of claim 1, which emits a signal of the light scattered after being irradiated with laser. 11. A method for detecting a target gene comprising:
contacting a biological sample with a first porous substrate supporting a composition for nucleic acid detection and thus extracting a nucleic acid from the biological sample; contacting the extracted nucleic acid with a second porous substrate having a metal nanostructure and thus bringing the nucleic acid into proximity to the metal nanostructure; and acquiring a signal of the light scattered after irradiating with laser the second porous substrate having the nanostructure to which the nucleic acid is brought into proximity. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the biological sample includes tissue, a cell, blood, blood plasma, blood serum, saliva, sputum, spinal fluid, urine, or a combination thereof. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the bringing of the nucleic acid into proximity to the metal nanostructure comprises amplifying the nucleic acid. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein, when the amplifying is performed by an isothermal amplification reaction, the isothermal amplification reaction is conducted at a temperature ranging from 37° C. to 80° C. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein, when the first porous substrate and the second porous substrate are arranged to be spaced apart from each other, the extracted nucleic acid moves from the first porous substrate to the second porous substrate through a connection unit that connects the first porous substrate and the second porous substrate to each other, and when the first porous substrate and the second porous substrate are arranged to be in contact with each other, the extracted nucleic acid moves from the first porous substrate to the second porous substrate in direct contact with each other. 16. The method of claim 11, wherein the scattering is surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS), coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering (CARS), or a combination thereof. 17. The method of claim 11, wherein the scattering signal is a scattering signal intensity, a scattering signal pattern, or a combination thereof. | 3,700 |
340,676 | 16,642,154 | 3,732 | Image display apparatuses are more convenient for a user, by performing user authentication by using an authentication image set generated based on an object recognized from content viewed by the user. | 1. An image display apparatus comprising:
a display; a memory storing at least one instruction; a processor configured to execute the at least one instruction stored in the memory to: recognize at least one object from first content output on the display and viewed by a user, by using a learning model using at least one neural network; store an image indicating the at least one object recognized from the first content in a database as a true image; in response to a user authentication request, select at least one first true image and at least one first false image respectively from a plurality of true images and a plurality of false images stored in the database, and control the display to output an authentication image set comprising the selected at least one first true image and at least one first false image; and perform user authentication in response to a user input of selecting at least one image from the authentication image set. 2. The image display apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the first content is content viewed within a pre-set time from a point of time when the user authentication request is received, and the image indicating the at least one object recognized from the first content includes at least one object extracted from the first content. 3. The image display apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the processor is further configured to execute the at least one instruction to: recognize at least one object from second content viewed a pre-set time before a point of time when the user authentication request is received, by using the learning model using the at least one neural network; and obtain an image indicating at least one object recognized from the second content as one of the plurality of false image. 4. The image display apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the processor is further configured to execute the at least one instruction to: recognize at least one face from the first content by using the learning model using the at least one neural network; and store, as the true image, an image indicating a person corresponding to each of the at least one face recognized from the first content in the database. 5. The image display apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the at least one object comprises at least one of a person, a background, and a thing appearing in at least one frame among a plurality of frames forming the first content. 6. The image display apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the processor is further configured to execute the at least one instruction to: recognize the at least one object from a plurality of frames forming the first content by using the learning model using the at least one neural network; and store, as the true image, an image indicating an object included in the plurality of frames at least a pre-set number of times among the recognized at least one object in the database. 7. The image display apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to execute the at least one instruction to:
generate at least one modified image by modifying at least one of the at least one first true image and at least one first false image via an adversarial example technique; and control the display to output the authentication image set comprising the at least one modified image and the remaining of the at least one first true image and the at least one first false image, which are not modified. 8. The image display apparatus of claim 7, wherein the processor is further configured to execute the at least one instruction to:
generate noise information in response to the user authentication request; and generate the at least one modified image by modifying at least one of the at least one first true image and the at least one first false image, based on the generated noise information. 9. The image display apparatus of claim 8,
wherein the noise information comprises information about at least one of a method of generating a noise signal to be applied to at least one image to be modified, a form of the noise signal, and an amount of the noise signal. 10. The image display apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to execute the at least one instruction to:
generate at least one second true image by modifying at least one true image selected from the at least one first true image via an adversarial example technique; and control the display to output the authentication image set comprising the at least one second true image, remaining of the at least one first true image excluding the selected at least one true image, and the at least one first false image. 11. The image display apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to execute the at least one instruction to:
generate at least one modified image by adding a noise signal to at least one of the at least one first true image and at least one first false image; and control the display to output the authentication image set comprising the at least one modified image and remaining of the at least one first true image and at least one first false image, to which the noise signal is not added. 12. The image display apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the processor is further configured to execute the at least one instruction to receive, from an external server, at least one of the plurality of false images stored in the database and the learning model. 13. The image display apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the processor is further configured to execute the at least one instruction to determine a user who requested the user authentication as an authorized user in response to a user input of selecting all of the at least one first true image from the authentication image set. 14. The image display apparatus of claim 13,
wherein the processor is further configured to execute the at least one instruction to control the display to output a new authentication image set in response to a user input that failed to select all of the at least one first true image from the authentication image set. 15. An operating method of an image display apparatus, the operating method comprising:
recognizing at least one object from first content output on a display of the image display apparatus and viewed by a user, by using a learning model using at least one neural network; storing an image indicating the at least one object recognized from the first content in a database as a true image; in response to a user authentication request, selecting at least one first true image and at least one first false image respectively from a plurality of true images and a plurality of false images stored in the database, and outputting an authentication image set comprising the selected at least one first true image and at least one first false image; and performing user authentication in response to a user input of selecting at least one image from the authentication image set. | Image display apparatuses are more convenient for a user, by performing user authentication by using an authentication image set generated based on an object recognized from content viewed by the user.1. An image display apparatus comprising:
a display; a memory storing at least one instruction; a processor configured to execute the at least one instruction stored in the memory to: recognize at least one object from first content output on the display and viewed by a user, by using a learning model using at least one neural network; store an image indicating the at least one object recognized from the first content in a database as a true image; in response to a user authentication request, select at least one first true image and at least one first false image respectively from a plurality of true images and a plurality of false images stored in the database, and control the display to output an authentication image set comprising the selected at least one first true image and at least one first false image; and perform user authentication in response to a user input of selecting at least one image from the authentication image set. 2. The image display apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the first content is content viewed within a pre-set time from a point of time when the user authentication request is received, and the image indicating the at least one object recognized from the first content includes at least one object extracted from the first content. 3. The image display apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the processor is further configured to execute the at least one instruction to: recognize at least one object from second content viewed a pre-set time before a point of time when the user authentication request is received, by using the learning model using the at least one neural network; and obtain an image indicating at least one object recognized from the second content as one of the plurality of false image. 4. The image display apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the processor is further configured to execute the at least one instruction to: recognize at least one face from the first content by using the learning model using the at least one neural network; and store, as the true image, an image indicating a person corresponding to each of the at least one face recognized from the first content in the database. 5. The image display apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the at least one object comprises at least one of a person, a background, and a thing appearing in at least one frame among a plurality of frames forming the first content. 6. The image display apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the processor is further configured to execute the at least one instruction to: recognize the at least one object from a plurality of frames forming the first content by using the learning model using the at least one neural network; and store, as the true image, an image indicating an object included in the plurality of frames at least a pre-set number of times among the recognized at least one object in the database. 7. The image display apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to execute the at least one instruction to:
generate at least one modified image by modifying at least one of the at least one first true image and at least one first false image via an adversarial example technique; and control the display to output the authentication image set comprising the at least one modified image and the remaining of the at least one first true image and the at least one first false image, which are not modified. 8. The image display apparatus of claim 7, wherein the processor is further configured to execute the at least one instruction to:
generate noise information in response to the user authentication request; and generate the at least one modified image by modifying at least one of the at least one first true image and the at least one first false image, based on the generated noise information. 9. The image display apparatus of claim 8,
wherein the noise information comprises information about at least one of a method of generating a noise signal to be applied to at least one image to be modified, a form of the noise signal, and an amount of the noise signal. 10. The image display apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to execute the at least one instruction to:
generate at least one second true image by modifying at least one true image selected from the at least one first true image via an adversarial example technique; and control the display to output the authentication image set comprising the at least one second true image, remaining of the at least one first true image excluding the selected at least one true image, and the at least one first false image. 11. The image display apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to execute the at least one instruction to:
generate at least one modified image by adding a noise signal to at least one of the at least one first true image and at least one first false image; and control the display to output the authentication image set comprising the at least one modified image and remaining of the at least one first true image and at least one first false image, to which the noise signal is not added. 12. The image display apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the processor is further configured to execute the at least one instruction to receive, from an external server, at least one of the plurality of false images stored in the database and the learning model. 13. The image display apparatus of claim 1,
wherein the processor is further configured to execute the at least one instruction to determine a user who requested the user authentication as an authorized user in response to a user input of selecting all of the at least one first true image from the authentication image set. 14. The image display apparatus of claim 13,
wherein the processor is further configured to execute the at least one instruction to control the display to output a new authentication image set in response to a user input that failed to select all of the at least one first true image from the authentication image set. 15. An operating method of an image display apparatus, the operating method comprising:
recognizing at least one object from first content output on a display of the image display apparatus and viewed by a user, by using a learning model using at least one neural network; storing an image indicating the at least one object recognized from the first content in a database as a true image; in response to a user authentication request, selecting at least one first true image and at least one first false image respectively from a plurality of true images and a plurality of false images stored in the database, and outputting an authentication image set comprising the selected at least one first true image and at least one first false image; and performing user authentication in response to a user input of selecting at least one image from the authentication image set. | 3,700 |
340,677 | 16,642,145 | 1,784 | An aluminum member includes: a substrate formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy that contains 0 to 10% by mass of magnesium, 0.1% by mass or less of iron, and 0.1% by mass or less of silicon and a balance of which is aluminum and unavoidable impurities; and an anodic oxide coating formed on a surface of the substrate. A surface of the substrate on the anodic oxide coating side has an arithmetical mean height Sa of 0.1 to 0.5 μm, a maximum height Sz of 0.2 to 5 μm, and an mean width of roughness profile elements Rsm of 0.5 to 10 μm, where the arithmetical mean height Sa, the maximum height Sz, and the mean width of roughness profile elements Rsm are measured after the anodic oxide coating is removed. | 1. An aluminum member comprising:
a substrate formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy that contains 0 to 10% by mass of magnesium, 0.1% by mass or less of iron, and 0.1% by mass or less of silicon and a balance of which is aluminum and unavoidable impurities; and an anodic oxide coating formed on a surface of the substrate, wherein the surface of the substrate on the anodic oxide coating side has an arithmetical mean height Sa of 0.1 to 0.5 μm, a maximum height Sz of 0.2 to 5 μm, and an mean width of roughness profile elements Rsm of 0.5 to 10 μm, where the arithmetical mean height Sa, the maximum height Sz, and the mean width of roughness profile elements Rsm are measured in a case where the anodic oxide coating is removed. 2. The aluminum member according to claim 1, wherein
the aluminum member has an L* value of 85 to 100, an a* value of −1 to +1, and a b* value of −1.5 to +1.5, where the L* value, the a* value, and the b* value are values in a L*a*b* color system measured from the anodic oxide coating side. 3. The aluminum member according to claim 2, wherein
a surface of the anodic oxide coating has an arithmetical mean height Sa of 0 to 0.45 μm, and the L* value is 85.5 to 100. 4. A method of producing the aluminum member according to claim 1, comprising
polishing a surface of the anodic oxide coating by at least one of blast polishing and buff polishing. 5. A method of producing the aluminum member according to claim 1, comprising
forming the anodic oxide coating by anodizing the surface of the substrate using at least one aqueous solution selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and oxalic acid. 6. A method of producing the aluminum member according to claim 1, comprising
making particles having an average particle diameter of 20 μm or less hit against the surface of the substrate; etching the substrate against which the particles have hit, using at least one of an acidic solution and an alkaline solution; and forming the anodic oxide coating by anodizing an etched surface of the substrate. | An aluminum member includes: a substrate formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy that contains 0 to 10% by mass of magnesium, 0.1% by mass or less of iron, and 0.1% by mass or less of silicon and a balance of which is aluminum and unavoidable impurities; and an anodic oxide coating formed on a surface of the substrate. A surface of the substrate on the anodic oxide coating side has an arithmetical mean height Sa of 0.1 to 0.5 μm, a maximum height Sz of 0.2 to 5 μm, and an mean width of roughness profile elements Rsm of 0.5 to 10 μm, where the arithmetical mean height Sa, the maximum height Sz, and the mean width of roughness profile elements Rsm are measured after the anodic oxide coating is removed.1. An aluminum member comprising:
a substrate formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy that contains 0 to 10% by mass of magnesium, 0.1% by mass or less of iron, and 0.1% by mass or less of silicon and a balance of which is aluminum and unavoidable impurities; and an anodic oxide coating formed on a surface of the substrate, wherein the surface of the substrate on the anodic oxide coating side has an arithmetical mean height Sa of 0.1 to 0.5 μm, a maximum height Sz of 0.2 to 5 μm, and an mean width of roughness profile elements Rsm of 0.5 to 10 μm, where the arithmetical mean height Sa, the maximum height Sz, and the mean width of roughness profile elements Rsm are measured in a case where the anodic oxide coating is removed. 2. The aluminum member according to claim 1, wherein
the aluminum member has an L* value of 85 to 100, an a* value of −1 to +1, and a b* value of −1.5 to +1.5, where the L* value, the a* value, and the b* value are values in a L*a*b* color system measured from the anodic oxide coating side. 3. The aluminum member according to claim 2, wherein
a surface of the anodic oxide coating has an arithmetical mean height Sa of 0 to 0.45 μm, and the L* value is 85.5 to 100. 4. A method of producing the aluminum member according to claim 1, comprising
polishing a surface of the anodic oxide coating by at least one of blast polishing and buff polishing. 5. A method of producing the aluminum member according to claim 1, comprising
forming the anodic oxide coating by anodizing the surface of the substrate using at least one aqueous solution selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and oxalic acid. 6. A method of producing the aluminum member according to claim 1, comprising
making particles having an average particle diameter of 20 μm or less hit against the surface of the substrate; etching the substrate against which the particles have hit, using at least one of an acidic solution and an alkaline solution; and forming the anodic oxide coating by anodizing an etched surface of the substrate. | 1,700 |
340,678 | 16,642,138 | 1,784 | The present disclosure relates to a fine dust removal system including a conductive filter module, and more particularly, to a fine dust removal system having a conductive filter module which includes a cylindrical conductive filter to thereby implement high fine dust removal efficiency with low pressure loss and which can be easily, generally applied to and used in an air cleaner to be installed in windows or in an independent indoor air cleaner. | 1. A conductive filter unit comprising:
a first electrode cap; a second electrode cap; a support connecting the first electrode cap and the second electrode cap; a conductive filter surrounding an outer circumferential surface of the support, forming a space between the first electrode cap and the second electrode cap, and connected to the first electrode cap; and an electrode rod protruding from a central portion of the second electrode cap to an internal space formed by the conductive filter. 2. The conductive filter unit of claim 1, wherein the electrode rod comprises a conductive member protruding to the internal space formed by the conductive filter from the second electrode cap and a carbon member disposed on at least a portion of a surface of the conductive member. 3. The conductive filter unit of claim 2, wherein the carbon member comprises at least one of carbon fiber and powdery carbon fiber. 4. The conductive filter unit of claim 1, wherein the electrode rod protrudes to extend up to the outside of the second electrode cap. 5. The conductive filter unit of claim 1, wherein the first electrode cap has a ring shape to allow air to be introduced into the internal space of the conductive filter. 6. (canceled) 7. A fine dust removal system including a conductive filter module, the fine dust removal system comprising:
a housing; an ionizer disposed in a contaminated air inlet or a clean air outlet direction of the housing; a conductive filter module, which comprises a filter fixing plate including at least one open air inlet, disposed to face the ionizer with a space therebetween; a blower disposed in the contaminated air inlet or clean air outlet direction of the housing to induce a flow of air; and the conductive filter unit of claim 1 mounted on the filter fixing plate. 8. The fine dust removal system of claim 7, wherein the housing in which the ionizer, the conductive filter module, and the blower are disposed is disposed in an external housing provided with a contaminated air inlet and a clean air outlet correspondingly. 9. The fine dust removal system of claim 8, wherein one surface of the housing forms a partition to form a space with one inner wall where the contaminated air inlet of the external housing is provided, the other surface of the housing forms a partition to form a space with the other inner wall where the clean air outlet of the external housing is provided, a communicating path is formed at a lower portion, the ionizer is provided at an upper portion of one surface of the housing corresponding to the contaminated air inlet, the conductive filter module is disposed and fixed directly down from an inner middle portion of the housing, and the blower is provided in a space between a communicating portion at a lower side of the other surface of the housing and the clean air outlet. 10. The fine dust removal system of claim 8, wherein, in the external housing, the clean air outlet is fixed at an upper or lower opening of the window to face the interior. 11. The fine dust removal system of claim 8, wherein the external housing is fixed at a window frame of the window such that the clean air outlet faces the interior. 12. The fine dust removal system of claim 10, wherein the external housing comprises a first contaminated air inlet and a second contaminated air inlet disposed at two different positions, and introduced contaminated air is selected as outdoor air or indoor air by disposing the first contaminated air inlet and the second contaminated air inlet. 13. The fine dust removal system of claim 12, further comprising: a damper disposed at each of the first contaminated air inlet and the second contaminated air inlet. 14. The fine dust removal system of claim 8, wherein the external housing is provided in the form of a stand on a fixed base or a rotary base rotated by a motor. 15. The fine dust removal system of claim 14, wherein the external housing is provided 50 cm to 150 cm above a bottom surface. 16. The fine dust removal system of claim 14, wherein an air circulation fan helping circulation of indoor air is separately installed at an upper or lower portion of the external housing. 17. A fine dust removal system including a conductive filter module, the fine dust removal system comprising:
a housing; an outdoor air inlet providing a passage for introducing outdoor air into the housing; an indoor inlet discharging air introduced through the outdoor air inlet to the outside of the housing; an indoor air inlet providing a passage for introducing indoor air into the housing; an outdoor outlet discharging air introduced through the indoor air inlet to the outside of the housing; a heat exchange system controlling a temperature of air introduced from the outdoor air inlet; and a conductive filter module purifying outdoor air introduced into the heat exchange system from the outdoor air inlet. 18. The fine dust removal system of claim 17, further comprising: a second conductive filter module purifying air introduced to the heat exchange system 901 from the indoor air inlet. 19. (canceled) | The present disclosure relates to a fine dust removal system including a conductive filter module, and more particularly, to a fine dust removal system having a conductive filter module which includes a cylindrical conductive filter to thereby implement high fine dust removal efficiency with low pressure loss and which can be easily, generally applied to and used in an air cleaner to be installed in windows or in an independent indoor air cleaner.1. A conductive filter unit comprising:
a first electrode cap; a second electrode cap; a support connecting the first electrode cap and the second electrode cap; a conductive filter surrounding an outer circumferential surface of the support, forming a space between the first electrode cap and the second electrode cap, and connected to the first electrode cap; and an electrode rod protruding from a central portion of the second electrode cap to an internal space formed by the conductive filter. 2. The conductive filter unit of claim 1, wherein the electrode rod comprises a conductive member protruding to the internal space formed by the conductive filter from the second electrode cap and a carbon member disposed on at least a portion of a surface of the conductive member. 3. The conductive filter unit of claim 2, wherein the carbon member comprises at least one of carbon fiber and powdery carbon fiber. 4. The conductive filter unit of claim 1, wherein the electrode rod protrudes to extend up to the outside of the second electrode cap. 5. The conductive filter unit of claim 1, wherein the first electrode cap has a ring shape to allow air to be introduced into the internal space of the conductive filter. 6. (canceled) 7. A fine dust removal system including a conductive filter module, the fine dust removal system comprising:
a housing; an ionizer disposed in a contaminated air inlet or a clean air outlet direction of the housing; a conductive filter module, which comprises a filter fixing plate including at least one open air inlet, disposed to face the ionizer with a space therebetween; a blower disposed in the contaminated air inlet or clean air outlet direction of the housing to induce a flow of air; and the conductive filter unit of claim 1 mounted on the filter fixing plate. 8. The fine dust removal system of claim 7, wherein the housing in which the ionizer, the conductive filter module, and the blower are disposed is disposed in an external housing provided with a contaminated air inlet and a clean air outlet correspondingly. 9. The fine dust removal system of claim 8, wherein one surface of the housing forms a partition to form a space with one inner wall where the contaminated air inlet of the external housing is provided, the other surface of the housing forms a partition to form a space with the other inner wall where the clean air outlet of the external housing is provided, a communicating path is formed at a lower portion, the ionizer is provided at an upper portion of one surface of the housing corresponding to the contaminated air inlet, the conductive filter module is disposed and fixed directly down from an inner middle portion of the housing, and the blower is provided in a space between a communicating portion at a lower side of the other surface of the housing and the clean air outlet. 10. The fine dust removal system of claim 8, wherein, in the external housing, the clean air outlet is fixed at an upper or lower opening of the window to face the interior. 11. The fine dust removal system of claim 8, wherein the external housing is fixed at a window frame of the window such that the clean air outlet faces the interior. 12. The fine dust removal system of claim 10, wherein the external housing comprises a first contaminated air inlet and a second contaminated air inlet disposed at two different positions, and introduced contaminated air is selected as outdoor air or indoor air by disposing the first contaminated air inlet and the second contaminated air inlet. 13. The fine dust removal system of claim 12, further comprising: a damper disposed at each of the first contaminated air inlet and the second contaminated air inlet. 14. The fine dust removal system of claim 8, wherein the external housing is provided in the form of a stand on a fixed base or a rotary base rotated by a motor. 15. The fine dust removal system of claim 14, wherein the external housing is provided 50 cm to 150 cm above a bottom surface. 16. The fine dust removal system of claim 14, wherein an air circulation fan helping circulation of indoor air is separately installed at an upper or lower portion of the external housing. 17. A fine dust removal system including a conductive filter module, the fine dust removal system comprising:
a housing; an outdoor air inlet providing a passage for introducing outdoor air into the housing; an indoor inlet discharging air introduced through the outdoor air inlet to the outside of the housing; an indoor air inlet providing a passage for introducing indoor air into the housing; an outdoor outlet discharging air introduced through the indoor air inlet to the outside of the housing; a heat exchange system controlling a temperature of air introduced from the outdoor air inlet; and a conductive filter module purifying outdoor air introduced into the heat exchange system from the outdoor air inlet. 18. The fine dust removal system of claim 17, further comprising: a second conductive filter module purifying air introduced to the heat exchange system 901 from the indoor air inlet. 19. (canceled) | 1,700 |
340,679 | 16,642,182 | 1,699 | A method of providing pest control at a target site is provided. The method comprises administering an effective amount of a preparation comprising ammonia oxidizing microorganisms proximate the target site, thereby providing pest control at the target site. Related preparations, kits, and devices are also provided. | 1. A method of providing pest control at a target site, comprising:
administering an effective amount of a preparation comprising ammonia oxidizing microorganisms (AOM) proximate to the target site, thereby providing pest control at the target site. 2. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the pest control relates to control of insects, mites, plants, rodents, animals, or birds at the target site. 3. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein providing pest control comprises reducing or inhibiting the presence of at least one variety of pest at the target site. 4. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein providing pest control reduces the incidence of nuisance, disease, agricultural damage, ecological damage, or structural damage at the target site. 5. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the target site has mild pest infiltration prior to administration. 6. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the target site has moderate or severe pest infiltration prior to administration. 7. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the target site relates to a household or crop pest. 8. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the target site is prone to and/or has a history of pest infiltration. 9. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered prior to pest infiltration. 10. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered during incidence of pest infiltration. 11. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered subsequent to abatement of pest infiltration. 12. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in response to a pest symptom, trigger or warning sign, e.g., an environmental factor. 13. The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising determining whether the target site is in need of pest control. 14. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the target site relates to a human subject or an animal subject. 15. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the pest control relates to bed bugs, cockroaches, termites, ants, rodents, flies, mosquitoes, or fleas. 16. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered to a human subject or an animal subject. 17. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, or 180 minutes before the subject cleanses or showers. 18. The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising administering a second amount of the preparation proximate the target site. 19. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered topically. 20. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered to the body of the subject, e.g., to one or more of the face, neck, scalp, limb, hand, foot, back, buttock, torso, genitals, perineum, abdomen, and chest of the subject. 21. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered intranasally. 22. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered via inhalation. 23. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered as a spray, aerosol, or mist. 24. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered as part of a combination treatment. 25. The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising administering a second treatment in combination with the preparation. 26. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered for a period of time prior to initiating the second treatment. 27. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered concurrently with the second treatment. 28. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered for a period of time subsequent to ceasing the second treatment. 29. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in combination with a mechanical, physical, cultural, chemical, biological or quarantine measure. 30. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in combination with an insecticide, herbicide, fungicide, rodenticide, avicide, or bactericide. 31. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in conjunction with nitrite, nitrate, and/or NO, e.g., inhaled NO. 32. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the second treatment is administered orally, subcutaneously, intravenously, or intramuscularly. 33. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a therapeutic level of a second treatment. 34. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the effective amount is a therapeutically effective dose of AOM. 35. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the therapeutically effective dose of AOM is about or greater than about 1×103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 1010, 1011, 1012, 1013, or 1014 CFU. 36. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered as an analgesic. 37. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered as a prophylactic. 38. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is self-administered. 39. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has an allergy or an infection. 40. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered about 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, or 24 times per day. 41. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered for about 1-3, 3-5, 5-7, 7-9, 5-10, 10-14, 12-18, 12-21, 21-28, 28-35, 35-42, 42-49, 49-56, 46-63, 63-70, 70-77, 77-84, or 84-91 days. 42. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is female. 43. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is male. 44. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is characterized as one of the following ethnicity/race: Asian, black or African American, Hispanic or Latino, white, or multi-racial. 45. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is an animal subject. 46. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is characterized as a vertebrate or mammal. 47. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is characterized as a non-human primate, domesticated animal, agriculturally useful animal, or research animal. 48. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is characterized as an agriculturally useful animal, e.g., sheep, dog, cat, cow, pig, horse, or goat. 49. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is characterized as a research animal, e.g., mouse, rat, rabbit, dog, cat, or pig. 50. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is of an age of less than 1, or between 1-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-50, 50-60, or over 60 years. 51. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises AOM in a buffer solution, e.g., an aqueous buffer solution. 52. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the buffer solution, e.g., aqueous buffer solution, comprises disodium phosphate and magnesium chloride, for example, 50 mM Na2HPO4 and 2 mM MgCl2 in water. 53. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the buffer solution e.g., aqueous buffer solution, consisting essentially of disodium phosphate and magnesium chloride, for example, 50 mM Na2HPO4 and 2 mM MgCl2 in water. 54. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the buffer solution, e.g., aqueous buffer solution, consists of disodium phosphate and magnesium chloride, for example, 50 mM Na2HPO4 and 2 mM MgCl2 in water. 55. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises at least one of ammonia, ammonium salts, and urea. 56. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises a controlled release material, e.g., slow release material. 57. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation further comprises an excipient, e.g., a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. 58. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the excipient is a surfactant. 59. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered to the subject before or after outdoor activity. 60. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the excipient comprises an anti-adherent, binder, coat, disintegrant, filler, flavor, color, lubricant, glidant, sorbent preservative, chelator, or sweetener. 61. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is substantially free of other organisms. 62. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is provided as a liquid, droplet, powder, solid, cream, lotion, gel, stick, aerosol, spray, mist, salve, wipe, or bandage. 63. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises a moisturizing agent, deodorizing agent, scent, colorant, insect repellant, cleansing agent, or UV-blocking agent. 64. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises between about 1×103 CFU/mL to about 1×1014 CFU/mL AOM. 65. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises between about 1×109 CFU/mL to about 10×109 CFU/mL AOM. 66. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM comprise ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB). 67. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM consist essentially of AOB. 68. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM consist of AOB. 69. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM comprise Nitrosomonas, Nitrosococcus, Nitrosospira, Nitrosocystis, Nitrosolobus, Nitrosovibrio, and combinations thereof. 70. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM is Nitrosomonas eutropha (N. eutropha). 71. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM is N. eutropha D23, having ATCC accession number PTA-121157. 72. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM comprise ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA). 73. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM are capable of converting ammonia or ammonium to nitrite at a rate of at least about 1 pmol/min/mg protein, e.g., at least about 0.1 nmol/min/mg protein. 74. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein providing pest control comprises repelling at least one variety of pest from the subject or the target site. 75. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject or the target site is recovered from pest infiltration in about 24 hours subsequent to administration. 76. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein a target percentage of administered AOM are transferred to the subject or the target site. 77. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in conjunction with an anti-inflammatory agent. 78. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in conjunction with a conventional, e.g., approved, pest control approach. 79. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject or the target site has a disrupted microbiome. 80. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation further comprises or is administered concurrently with a compound that promotes growth or metabolism of the AOM, NO production, and/or urease activity. 81. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein a biome-friendly product is used in connection with the administered preparation comprising AOM. 82. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein administering the effective amount of the preparation changes or alters a level of nitrite or NO in the subject or the target site, e.g. at a target tissue or in circulation. 83. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein administering the effective amount of the preparation modulates a microbiome associated with the subject or the target site. 84. A preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, for pest control. 85. The preparation of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is packaged for single use. 86. The preparation of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is packaged for multiple use. 87. The preparation of any of the preceding claims, comprising AOM and other organisms, e.g., a community of organisms. 88. A device for administering a preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, to a target site for pest control. 89. The device for administering a preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, wherein the device comprises a garment or accessory pretreated with the preparation. 90. The device for administering a preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, wherein the device is a garment or accessory for use by a human subject, e.g., shirt, pants, dress, jacket, footwear, headwear, underwear, bracelet, necklace, watch, or earrings. 91. The device for administering a preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, wherein the device is a garment or accessory for use by an animal subject, e.g., shirt, collar, harness, leash, saddle blanket, or saddle. 92. A kit comprising a preparation comprising AOM as recited in any of the preceding claims for pest control. | A method of providing pest control at a target site is provided. The method comprises administering an effective amount of a preparation comprising ammonia oxidizing microorganisms proximate the target site, thereby providing pest control at the target site. Related preparations, kits, and devices are also provided.1. A method of providing pest control at a target site, comprising:
administering an effective amount of a preparation comprising ammonia oxidizing microorganisms (AOM) proximate to the target site, thereby providing pest control at the target site. 2. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the pest control relates to control of insects, mites, plants, rodents, animals, or birds at the target site. 3. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein providing pest control comprises reducing or inhibiting the presence of at least one variety of pest at the target site. 4. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein providing pest control reduces the incidence of nuisance, disease, agricultural damage, ecological damage, or structural damage at the target site. 5. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the target site has mild pest infiltration prior to administration. 6. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the target site has moderate or severe pest infiltration prior to administration. 7. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the target site relates to a household or crop pest. 8. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the target site is prone to and/or has a history of pest infiltration. 9. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered prior to pest infiltration. 10. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered during incidence of pest infiltration. 11. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered subsequent to abatement of pest infiltration. 12. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in response to a pest symptom, trigger or warning sign, e.g., an environmental factor. 13. The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising determining whether the target site is in need of pest control. 14. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the target site relates to a human subject or an animal subject. 15. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the pest control relates to bed bugs, cockroaches, termites, ants, rodents, flies, mosquitoes, or fleas. 16. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered to a human subject or an animal subject. 17. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, or 180 minutes before the subject cleanses or showers. 18. The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising administering a second amount of the preparation proximate the target site. 19. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered topically. 20. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered to the body of the subject, e.g., to one or more of the face, neck, scalp, limb, hand, foot, back, buttock, torso, genitals, perineum, abdomen, and chest of the subject. 21. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered intranasally. 22. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered via inhalation. 23. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered as a spray, aerosol, or mist. 24. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered as part of a combination treatment. 25. The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising administering a second treatment in combination with the preparation. 26. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered for a period of time prior to initiating the second treatment. 27. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered concurrently with the second treatment. 28. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered for a period of time subsequent to ceasing the second treatment. 29. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in combination with a mechanical, physical, cultural, chemical, biological or quarantine measure. 30. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in combination with an insecticide, herbicide, fungicide, rodenticide, avicide, or bactericide. 31. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in conjunction with nitrite, nitrate, and/or NO, e.g., inhaled NO. 32. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the second treatment is administered orally, subcutaneously, intravenously, or intramuscularly. 33. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a therapeutic level of a second treatment. 34. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the effective amount is a therapeutically effective dose of AOM. 35. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the therapeutically effective dose of AOM is about or greater than about 1×103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 1010, 1011, 1012, 1013, or 1014 CFU. 36. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered as an analgesic. 37. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered as a prophylactic. 38. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is self-administered. 39. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has an allergy or an infection. 40. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered about 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, or 24 times per day. 41. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered for about 1-3, 3-5, 5-7, 7-9, 5-10, 10-14, 12-18, 12-21, 21-28, 28-35, 35-42, 42-49, 49-56, 46-63, 63-70, 70-77, 77-84, or 84-91 days. 42. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is female. 43. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is male. 44. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is characterized as one of the following ethnicity/race: Asian, black or African American, Hispanic or Latino, white, or multi-racial. 45. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is an animal subject. 46. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is characterized as a vertebrate or mammal. 47. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is characterized as a non-human primate, domesticated animal, agriculturally useful animal, or research animal. 48. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is characterized as an agriculturally useful animal, e.g., sheep, dog, cat, cow, pig, horse, or goat. 49. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is characterized as a research animal, e.g., mouse, rat, rabbit, dog, cat, or pig. 50. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is of an age of less than 1, or between 1-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-50, 50-60, or over 60 years. 51. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises AOM in a buffer solution, e.g., an aqueous buffer solution. 52. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the buffer solution, e.g., aqueous buffer solution, comprises disodium phosphate and magnesium chloride, for example, 50 mM Na2HPO4 and 2 mM MgCl2 in water. 53. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the buffer solution e.g., aqueous buffer solution, consisting essentially of disodium phosphate and magnesium chloride, for example, 50 mM Na2HPO4 and 2 mM MgCl2 in water. 54. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the buffer solution, e.g., aqueous buffer solution, consists of disodium phosphate and magnesium chloride, for example, 50 mM Na2HPO4 and 2 mM MgCl2 in water. 55. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises at least one of ammonia, ammonium salts, and urea. 56. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises a controlled release material, e.g., slow release material. 57. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation further comprises an excipient, e.g., a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. 58. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the excipient is a surfactant. 59. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered to the subject before or after outdoor activity. 60. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the excipient comprises an anti-adherent, binder, coat, disintegrant, filler, flavor, color, lubricant, glidant, sorbent preservative, chelator, or sweetener. 61. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is substantially free of other organisms. 62. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is provided as a liquid, droplet, powder, solid, cream, lotion, gel, stick, aerosol, spray, mist, salve, wipe, or bandage. 63. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises a moisturizing agent, deodorizing agent, scent, colorant, insect repellant, cleansing agent, or UV-blocking agent. 64. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises between about 1×103 CFU/mL to about 1×1014 CFU/mL AOM. 65. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises between about 1×109 CFU/mL to about 10×109 CFU/mL AOM. 66. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM comprise ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB). 67. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM consist essentially of AOB. 68. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM consist of AOB. 69. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM comprise Nitrosomonas, Nitrosococcus, Nitrosospira, Nitrosocystis, Nitrosolobus, Nitrosovibrio, and combinations thereof. 70. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM is Nitrosomonas eutropha (N. eutropha). 71. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM is N. eutropha D23, having ATCC accession number PTA-121157. 72. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM comprise ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA). 73. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM are capable of converting ammonia or ammonium to nitrite at a rate of at least about 1 pmol/min/mg protein, e.g., at least about 0.1 nmol/min/mg protein. 74. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein providing pest control comprises repelling at least one variety of pest from the subject or the target site. 75. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject or the target site is recovered from pest infiltration in about 24 hours subsequent to administration. 76. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein a target percentage of administered AOM are transferred to the subject or the target site. 77. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in conjunction with an anti-inflammatory agent. 78. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in conjunction with a conventional, e.g., approved, pest control approach. 79. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject or the target site has a disrupted microbiome. 80. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation further comprises or is administered concurrently with a compound that promotes growth or metabolism of the AOM, NO production, and/or urease activity. 81. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein a biome-friendly product is used in connection with the administered preparation comprising AOM. 82. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein administering the effective amount of the preparation changes or alters a level of nitrite or NO in the subject or the target site, e.g. at a target tissue or in circulation. 83. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein administering the effective amount of the preparation modulates a microbiome associated with the subject or the target site. 84. A preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, for pest control. 85. The preparation of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is packaged for single use. 86. The preparation of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is packaged for multiple use. 87. The preparation of any of the preceding claims, comprising AOM and other organisms, e.g., a community of organisms. 88. A device for administering a preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, to a target site for pest control. 89. The device for administering a preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, wherein the device comprises a garment or accessory pretreated with the preparation. 90. The device for administering a preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, wherein the device is a garment or accessory for use by a human subject, e.g., shirt, pants, dress, jacket, footwear, headwear, underwear, bracelet, necklace, watch, or earrings. 91. The device for administering a preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, wherein the device is a garment or accessory for use by an animal subject, e.g., shirt, collar, harness, leash, saddle blanket, or saddle. 92. A kit comprising a preparation comprising AOM as recited in any of the preceding claims for pest control. | 1,600 |
340,680 | 16,642,150 | 1,699 | A flow-straightener vane of a bypass turbomachine includes a plurality of vane sections stacked radially with respect to a longitudinal axis (X) along a stacking line (L) between a root end and a tip end. Each vane section has a pressure-face surface and a suction-face surface extending axially between an upstream leading edge and a downstream trailing edge. Between the leading and trailing edges of each vane section there is formed a profile chord (CA) the length of which is substantially constant between the tip end and the root end, and the stacking line (L) exhibits a curvature in a plane passing more or less through the axis (X) and through the stacking line (L), situated in the vicinity of the tip end and oriented from downstream towards upstream. | 1. A flow-straightener vane of a bypass turbomachine with a longitudinal axis (X), the vane comprising a plurality of vane sections stacked radially with respect to the axis (X) along a stacking line (L) between a root end and a tip end, each vane section comprising an pressure-face surface and an suction-face surface extending axially between an upstream leading edge and a downstream trailing edge and being tangentially opposed,
wherein between the leading and trailing edges of each vane section there is formed a profile chord (CA) the length of which is substantially constant between the tip end and the root end, and in that the stacking line (L) has a curvature, in a plane passing substantially through the axis (X) and through the stacking line (L), located in the vicinity of the tip end and oriented from downstream to upstream. 2. The vane according to claim 1, wherein the curvature of the stacking line (L) is continuous and progressive. 3. The vane according to claim 1, wherein the curvature is located between 50% and 95% of a height of the vane between the root end and the tip end. 4. The vane according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the vane between 50% and 95% of a height of the vane is determined by the following relationship: 0.1<(L2/L1)50%H<H<95%H<0.5, with L2 corresponding to a minimum distance between the leading edge of the vane and a line (A) passing through the root end and the tip end of the vane, L1 corresponding to a length between this same line (A) and the trailing edge of the vane, and H being the height of the vane. 5. The vane according to claim 1, wherein the vane has a first root portion whose stacking line (L) extends along a straight line and a second tip portion whose stacking line (L) comprises the curvature. 6. The vane according to claim 1, wherein the leading edge has a concave portion and the trailing edge has a convex portion at the curvature. 7. An assembly comprising a nacelle of a bypass turbomachine extending along a longitudinal axis (X) and a fan casing secured to the nacelle, the fan casing surrounding a fan and defining downstream of the fan an annular vein in which an air flows circulates, characterised in that the fan casing comprises an annular row of flow-straightener vanes according to claim 1 arranged downstream of the fan vanes transversely in the annular vein. 8. The assembly according to claim 7, wherein the nacelle has a length (LN) substantially along the longitudinal axis (X) and the fan has a diameter (DF) substantially along the radial axis, the ratio (LN/DF) of the length of the nacelle to the diameter of the fan being between 1 and 3. 9. The assembly according to claim 7, the relative axial distance between a fan vane and a flow-straightener vane is determined by the following condition:
(d/C), where d is the predetermined minimum axial distance between a trailing edge of the fan and the leading edge of the flow-straightener vane, and C is the length of the axial chord of the fan vane, and in that the curvature of the stacking line (L) is determined by the following relationship: (d/C)50%H<H<95%H>(d/C)100%H, where H is the height of the flow-straightener vane between the tip end and the root end. 10. A bypass turbomachine, comprising at least one flow-straightener vane according to claim 1. 11. A bypass turbomachine, comprising at least one flow-straightener vane according to an assembly according to claim 7. | A flow-straightener vane of a bypass turbomachine includes a plurality of vane sections stacked radially with respect to a longitudinal axis (X) along a stacking line (L) between a root end and a tip end. Each vane section has a pressure-face surface and a suction-face surface extending axially between an upstream leading edge and a downstream trailing edge. Between the leading and trailing edges of each vane section there is formed a profile chord (CA) the length of which is substantially constant between the tip end and the root end, and the stacking line (L) exhibits a curvature in a plane passing more or less through the axis (X) and through the stacking line (L), situated in the vicinity of the tip end and oriented from downstream towards upstream.1. A flow-straightener vane of a bypass turbomachine with a longitudinal axis (X), the vane comprising a plurality of vane sections stacked radially with respect to the axis (X) along a stacking line (L) between a root end and a tip end, each vane section comprising an pressure-face surface and an suction-face surface extending axially between an upstream leading edge and a downstream trailing edge and being tangentially opposed,
wherein between the leading and trailing edges of each vane section there is formed a profile chord (CA) the length of which is substantially constant between the tip end and the root end, and in that the stacking line (L) has a curvature, in a plane passing substantially through the axis (X) and through the stacking line (L), located in the vicinity of the tip end and oriented from downstream to upstream. 2. The vane according to claim 1, wherein the curvature of the stacking line (L) is continuous and progressive. 3. The vane according to claim 1, wherein the curvature is located between 50% and 95% of a height of the vane between the root end and the tip end. 4. The vane according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the vane between 50% and 95% of a height of the vane is determined by the following relationship: 0.1<(L2/L1)50%H<H<95%H<0.5, with L2 corresponding to a minimum distance between the leading edge of the vane and a line (A) passing through the root end and the tip end of the vane, L1 corresponding to a length between this same line (A) and the trailing edge of the vane, and H being the height of the vane. 5. The vane according to claim 1, wherein the vane has a first root portion whose stacking line (L) extends along a straight line and a second tip portion whose stacking line (L) comprises the curvature. 6. The vane according to claim 1, wherein the leading edge has a concave portion and the trailing edge has a convex portion at the curvature. 7. An assembly comprising a nacelle of a bypass turbomachine extending along a longitudinal axis (X) and a fan casing secured to the nacelle, the fan casing surrounding a fan and defining downstream of the fan an annular vein in which an air flows circulates, characterised in that the fan casing comprises an annular row of flow-straightener vanes according to claim 1 arranged downstream of the fan vanes transversely in the annular vein. 8. The assembly according to claim 7, wherein the nacelle has a length (LN) substantially along the longitudinal axis (X) and the fan has a diameter (DF) substantially along the radial axis, the ratio (LN/DF) of the length of the nacelle to the diameter of the fan being between 1 and 3. 9. The assembly according to claim 7, the relative axial distance between a fan vane and a flow-straightener vane is determined by the following condition:
(d/C), where d is the predetermined minimum axial distance between a trailing edge of the fan and the leading edge of the flow-straightener vane, and C is the length of the axial chord of the fan vane, and in that the curvature of the stacking line (L) is determined by the following relationship: (d/C)50%H<H<95%H>(d/C)100%H, where H is the height of the flow-straightener vane between the tip end and the root end. 10. A bypass turbomachine, comprising at least one flow-straightener vane according to claim 1. 11. A bypass turbomachine, comprising at least one flow-straightener vane according to an assembly according to claim 7. | 1,600 |
340,681 | 16,642,120 | 1,699 | A slurry containing abrasive grains, a liquid medium, and a salt of a compound represented by formula (1) below, in which the abrasive grains include first particles and second particles in contact with the first particles, the first particles contain cerium oxide, and the second particles contain a hydroxide of a tetravalent metal element. | 1. A slurry comprising:
abrasive grains; a liquid medium; and a salt of a compound represented by formula (1) below, wherein the abrasive grains include first particles and second particles in contact with the first particles, the first particles contain cerium oxide, and the second particles contain a hydroxide of a tetravalent metal element. 2. The slurry according to claim 1, wherein the hydroxide of a tetravalent metal element contains at least one selected from the group consisting of hydroxides of rare earth metal elements and hydroxide of zirconium. 3. The slurry according to claim 1, wherein a content of the abrasive grains is 0.01 to 10% by mass on the basis of the total mass of the slurry. 4. The slurry according to claim 1, wherein the salt of the compound represented by formula (1) contains an ammonium salt. 5. The slurry according to claim 1, wherein the salt of the compound represented by formula (1) contains a salt of a compound in which the R is a hydroxyl group. 6. The slurry according to claim 1, wherein the salt of the compound represented by formula (1) contains a salt of a compound represented by formula (1a) below. 7. The slurry according to claim 1, wherein a content of the salt of the compound represented by formula (1) is 0.001 to 0.1% by mass on the basis of the total mass of the slurry. 8. The slurry according to claim 1, wherein the slurry is used for polishing a body to be polished containing silicon oxide. 9. A polishing method comprising a step of polishing a body to be polished by using the slurry according to claim 1. 10. The polishing method according to claim 9, wherein the body to be polished contains silicon oxide. 11. The slurry according to claim 1, wherein pH of the slurry is 6.5 or lower. | A slurry containing abrasive grains, a liquid medium, and a salt of a compound represented by formula (1) below, in which the abrasive grains include first particles and second particles in contact with the first particles, the first particles contain cerium oxide, and the second particles contain a hydroxide of a tetravalent metal element.1. A slurry comprising:
abrasive grains; a liquid medium; and a salt of a compound represented by formula (1) below, wherein the abrasive grains include first particles and second particles in contact with the first particles, the first particles contain cerium oxide, and the second particles contain a hydroxide of a tetravalent metal element. 2. The slurry according to claim 1, wherein the hydroxide of a tetravalent metal element contains at least one selected from the group consisting of hydroxides of rare earth metal elements and hydroxide of zirconium. 3. The slurry according to claim 1, wherein a content of the abrasive grains is 0.01 to 10% by mass on the basis of the total mass of the slurry. 4. The slurry according to claim 1, wherein the salt of the compound represented by formula (1) contains an ammonium salt. 5. The slurry according to claim 1, wherein the salt of the compound represented by formula (1) contains a salt of a compound in which the R is a hydroxyl group. 6. The slurry according to claim 1, wherein the salt of the compound represented by formula (1) contains a salt of a compound represented by formula (1a) below. 7. The slurry according to claim 1, wherein a content of the salt of the compound represented by formula (1) is 0.001 to 0.1% by mass on the basis of the total mass of the slurry. 8. The slurry according to claim 1, wherein the slurry is used for polishing a body to be polished containing silicon oxide. 9. A polishing method comprising a step of polishing a body to be polished by using the slurry according to claim 1. 10. The polishing method according to claim 9, wherein the body to be polished contains silicon oxide. 11. The slurry according to claim 1, wherein pH of the slurry is 6.5 or lower. | 1,600 |
340,682 | 16,642,122 | 1,699 | A method and an osseointegrated prosthesis system having an osseointegrated prosthesis member are provided having a monitoring system operably coupled to the osseointegrated prosthesis member configured to quantitatively assess the osseointegration of the osseointegrated prosthesis member, a wave-generating element coupled to the osseointegrated prosthesis member and configured to output guided waves along the osseointegrated prosthesis member interrogating an interface between bone and the osseointegrated prosthesis member, and a sensing system configured to sense a condition of the interface between bone and the prosthesis. | 1. A monitoring system for an osseointegrated prosthesis comprising:
one or more wave-generating elements operably coupled to a surface of the prosthesis, the one or more wave-generating elements configured to generate guided waves along the prosthesis interrogating an interface between bone and the prosthesis; and a sensing system configured to sense a condition of the interface between bone and the prosthesis. 2. The monitoring system according to claim 1 wherein the one or more wave-generating elements operably coupled to a surface of the prosthesis comprises the one or more wave-generating elements operably coupled to a percutaneous surface of the prosthesis. 3. The monitoring system according to claim 1 wherein the one or more wave-generating elements comprises a plurality of wave-generating elements bonded to a circumferential side of the prosthesis. 4. The monitoring system according to claim 1 wherein the sensing system is configured to sense an increased energy absorption condition of the interface between the bone and the prosthesis as the bone grows into a porous surface of the prosthesis. 5. The monitoring system according to claim 1 wherein the one or more wave-generating elements is configured to generate longitudinal guided waves interrogating an interface between bone and the prosthesis. 6. The monitoring system according to claim 1 wherein the one or more wave-generating elements is configured to generate torsional guided waves interrogating an interface between bone and the prosthesis. 7. The monitoring system according to claim 1 wherein the one or more wave-generating elements configured to generate flexural waves interrogating an interface between bone and the prosthesis, a first of the one or more wave-generating elements being configured to generate a first signal and a second of the one or more wave-generating elements being configured to generate a second signal, the first signal being 180 degrees out of phase with the second signal. 8. The monitoring system according to claim 1 wherein the one or more wave-generating elements comprise one or more piezoelectric elements. 9. An osseointegrated prosthesis system comprising:
an osseointegrated prosthesis member engageable with a bone along an interface; a monitoring system operably coupled to the osseointegrated prosthesis member configured to quantitatively assess the osseointegration of the osseointegrated prosthesis member; a piezoelectric element coupled to the osseointegrated prosthesis member, the piezoelectric element configured to output guided waves along the osseointegrated prosthesis member interrogating the interface between the bone and the osseointegrated prosthesis member; and a sensing system configured to sense a condition of the interface between bone and the prosthesis. 10. The osseointegrated prosthesis system according to claim 9 wherein the piezoelectric element operably coupled to a surface of the prosthesis comprises the piezoelectric element operably coupled to a percutaneous surface of the prosthesis. 11. The osseointegrated prosthesis system according to claim 9 wherein the piezoelectric element comprises a plurality of piezoelectric elements bonded to a circumferential side of the prosthesis. 12. The osseointegrated prosthesis system according to claim 9 wherein the sensing system is configured to sense an increased energy absorption condition of the interface between the bone and the prosthesis as the bone grows into a porous surface of the prosthesis. 13. The osseointegrated prosthesis system according to claim 9 wherein the piezoelectric element is configured to generate longitudinal guided waves interrogating an interface between bone and the prosthesis. 14. The osseointegrated prosthesis system according to claim 9 wherein the piezoelectric element is configured to generate torsional guided waves interrogating an interface between bone and the prosthesis. 15. The osseointegrated prosthesis system according to claim 9 wherein the piezoelectric element is configured to generate flexural waves interrogating an interface between bone and the prosthesis. 16. A sensing method for monitoring an interface between bone and an osseointegrated prosthesis, the method comprising:
introducing guided waves along the osseointegrated prosthesis to interrogate the interface between the a bone and osseointegrated prosthesis; and sensing the guided waves in the interface using piezoelectric transducers mounted to the osseointegrated prosthesis, wherein the osseointegrated prosthesis acts as a wave guide allowing the guided waves to interrogate the interface between the bone and the osseointegrated prosthesis. 17. The sensing method according to claim 16 wherein the guided wave is a longitudinal wave. 18. The sensing method according to claim 16 wherein the guided wave is a torsional wave. 19. The sensing method according to claim 16 wherein the guided wave is a flexural wave. 20. The sensing method according to claim 16 wherein the sensing the guided waves in the interface using piezoelectric transducers mounted to the osseointegrated prosthesis comprises analyzing the guided waves to correlate changes in wave properties with implantation depth. | A method and an osseointegrated prosthesis system having an osseointegrated prosthesis member are provided having a monitoring system operably coupled to the osseointegrated prosthesis member configured to quantitatively assess the osseointegration of the osseointegrated prosthesis member, a wave-generating element coupled to the osseointegrated prosthesis member and configured to output guided waves along the osseointegrated prosthesis member interrogating an interface between bone and the osseointegrated prosthesis member, and a sensing system configured to sense a condition of the interface between bone and the prosthesis.1. A monitoring system for an osseointegrated prosthesis comprising:
one or more wave-generating elements operably coupled to a surface of the prosthesis, the one or more wave-generating elements configured to generate guided waves along the prosthesis interrogating an interface between bone and the prosthesis; and a sensing system configured to sense a condition of the interface between bone and the prosthesis. 2. The monitoring system according to claim 1 wherein the one or more wave-generating elements operably coupled to a surface of the prosthesis comprises the one or more wave-generating elements operably coupled to a percutaneous surface of the prosthesis. 3. The monitoring system according to claim 1 wherein the one or more wave-generating elements comprises a plurality of wave-generating elements bonded to a circumferential side of the prosthesis. 4. The monitoring system according to claim 1 wherein the sensing system is configured to sense an increased energy absorption condition of the interface between the bone and the prosthesis as the bone grows into a porous surface of the prosthesis. 5. The monitoring system according to claim 1 wherein the one or more wave-generating elements is configured to generate longitudinal guided waves interrogating an interface between bone and the prosthesis. 6. The monitoring system according to claim 1 wherein the one or more wave-generating elements is configured to generate torsional guided waves interrogating an interface between bone and the prosthesis. 7. The monitoring system according to claim 1 wherein the one or more wave-generating elements configured to generate flexural waves interrogating an interface between bone and the prosthesis, a first of the one or more wave-generating elements being configured to generate a first signal and a second of the one or more wave-generating elements being configured to generate a second signal, the first signal being 180 degrees out of phase with the second signal. 8. The monitoring system according to claim 1 wherein the one or more wave-generating elements comprise one or more piezoelectric elements. 9. An osseointegrated prosthesis system comprising:
an osseointegrated prosthesis member engageable with a bone along an interface; a monitoring system operably coupled to the osseointegrated prosthesis member configured to quantitatively assess the osseointegration of the osseointegrated prosthesis member; a piezoelectric element coupled to the osseointegrated prosthesis member, the piezoelectric element configured to output guided waves along the osseointegrated prosthesis member interrogating the interface between the bone and the osseointegrated prosthesis member; and a sensing system configured to sense a condition of the interface between bone and the prosthesis. 10. The osseointegrated prosthesis system according to claim 9 wherein the piezoelectric element operably coupled to a surface of the prosthesis comprises the piezoelectric element operably coupled to a percutaneous surface of the prosthesis. 11. The osseointegrated prosthesis system according to claim 9 wherein the piezoelectric element comprises a plurality of piezoelectric elements bonded to a circumferential side of the prosthesis. 12. The osseointegrated prosthesis system according to claim 9 wherein the sensing system is configured to sense an increased energy absorption condition of the interface between the bone and the prosthesis as the bone grows into a porous surface of the prosthesis. 13. The osseointegrated prosthesis system according to claim 9 wherein the piezoelectric element is configured to generate longitudinal guided waves interrogating an interface between bone and the prosthesis. 14. The osseointegrated prosthesis system according to claim 9 wherein the piezoelectric element is configured to generate torsional guided waves interrogating an interface between bone and the prosthesis. 15. The osseointegrated prosthesis system according to claim 9 wherein the piezoelectric element is configured to generate flexural waves interrogating an interface between bone and the prosthesis. 16. A sensing method for monitoring an interface between bone and an osseointegrated prosthesis, the method comprising:
introducing guided waves along the osseointegrated prosthesis to interrogate the interface between the a bone and osseointegrated prosthesis; and sensing the guided waves in the interface using piezoelectric transducers mounted to the osseointegrated prosthesis, wherein the osseointegrated prosthesis acts as a wave guide allowing the guided waves to interrogate the interface between the bone and the osseointegrated prosthesis. 17. The sensing method according to claim 16 wherein the guided wave is a longitudinal wave. 18. The sensing method according to claim 16 wherein the guided wave is a torsional wave. 19. The sensing method according to claim 16 wherein the guided wave is a flexural wave. 20. The sensing method according to claim 16 wherein the sensing the guided waves in the interface using piezoelectric transducers mounted to the osseointegrated prosthesis comprises analyzing the guided waves to correlate changes in wave properties with implantation depth. | 1,600 |
340,683 | 16,642,139 | 1,699 | A method for calibrating a dyeing machine, comprising: for each of multiple colors: performing a maximizing stage to determine an effective maximum ink dispensing rate corresponding to an effective maximum colorimetric value for the dyeing machine; performing a linearizing stage, comprising: determining multiple ink dispensing rates for performing the linearizing stage by dividing the effective maximum ink dispensing rate into multiple intervals, calculating from the effective maximum colorimetric value, a linear correspondence between the multiple ink dispensing rates and multiple calculated colorimetric values, dyeing a set of substrates according to the multiple ink dispensing rates, acquiring color values of the dyed set of substrates, interpolating a non-linear correspondence between the multiple ink dispensing rates and the acquired color values, and mapping the linear correspondence to the non-linear correspondence. | 1. A method for calibrating a dyeing machine, comprising:
for each of multiple ink channels: performing a maximizing stage to determine an effective maximum ink dispensing rate corresponding to an effective maximum colorimetric value for said dyeing machine; performing a linearizing stage, comprising: determining multiple ink dispensing rates for performing said linearizing stage by dividing said effective maximum ink dispensing rate into multiple intervals, calculating a linear correspondence between said multiple ink dispensing rates and multiple measured colorimetric values, dyeing a first set of substrates according to said multiple ink dispensing rates, acquiring color values of said dyed first set of substrates, building a non-linear correspondence between said multiple ink dispensing rates and said acquired color values, and mapping said linear correspondence to said non-linear correspondence. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said maximizing stage and said linearizing stage are performed at each of a factory phase and an onsite phase, wherein results from said factory phase are used for performing said onsite phase. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein said maximizing stage further comprises:
dyeing a second set of substrates according to multiple ink dispensing rates for performing said maximizing stage for said dyeing machine, acquiring color values of said second set of substrates with respect to a maximizing calibration card, and adjusting said multiple ink dispensing rates for performing said maximizing stage until a color value of said second set of dyed substrates matches said effective maximum colorimetric value for said dyeing machine. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein determining said effective maximum ink dispensing rate for said dyeing machine comprises interpolating multiple maximum ink dispensing rates and multiple maximum color values of multiple substrates dyed at said multiple maximum ink dispensing rates. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein dividing said effective maximum ink dispensing rate into multiple intervals comprises dividing according to a color response of multiple substrates dyed at said multiple ink dispensing rates determined for performing said linearizing stage. 6. A system for calibrating a dyeing machine, comprising:
a dyeing machine configured to dye multiple substrates according to multiple ink channels; and a processor configured to calibrate said dyeing machine for each of multiple ink channels by: performing a maximizing stage to determine an effective maximum ink dispensing rate corresponding to an effective maximum colorimetric value for said dyeing machine, performing a linearizing stage, comprising: determining multiple ink dispensing rates for performing said linearizing stage by dividing said effective maximum ink dispensing rate into multiple intervals, calculating a linear correspondence between said multiple ink dispensing rates and multiple calculated colorimetric values, obtaining color values of a first set of substrates dyed according to said multiple ink dispensing rates, building a non-linear correspondence between said multiple ink dispensing rates and said acquired color values, and mapping said linear correspondence to said non-linear correspondence. 7. The system of claim 6, further comprising an optical detector configured to acquire said color values. 8. The system of claim 6, further comprising a spectrophotometer configured to acquire said color values. 9. The system of claim 6 further comprising a maximizing calibration card for performing said maximizing stage, wherein said maximizing calibration card is provided with an area for placing multiple substrates dyed at multiple maximum ink dispensing rates for each of said ink channels, and multiple areas comprising multiple grayscale features interleaved with multiple areas for placing substrates dyed at variable ink dispensing rates for each of said ink channels. 10. The system of claim 6 further comprising a maximizing dispensing calibration card for performing said maximizing stage, wherein said maximizing dispensing calibration card is provided with an area for placing multiple substrates dyed at multiple maximal ink dispensing rates for each of said ink channels, and wherein said background of said maximizing calibration card presents multiple opposing grayscale gradients. 11. The system of claim 6 further comprising a linearizing calibration card for performing said linearizing stage, wherein said linearizing calibration card is provided with an area for placing multiple substrates dyed at said multiple ink dispensing rates for performing said linearizing stage, and multiple areas comprising multiple grayscale features interleaved with multiple areas for placing substrates dyed at said multiple ink dispensing rates for performing said linearizing stage. 12. The system of claim 6 further comprising a linearizing dispensing calibration card for performing said linearizing stage, wherein said linearizing dispensing calibration card is provided with an area for placing multiple substrates dyed at multiple ink dispensing rates for performing said linearizing stage for each of said ink channels, and wherein said background of said linearizing calibration card presents multiple opposing grayscale gradients. 13. A computer program product comprising a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having program code embodied thereon, the program code executable by at least one hardware processor to:
for each of multiple ink channels: perform a maximizing stage to determine an effective maximum ink dispensing rate corresponding to an effective maximum colorimetric value for a dyeing machine; and perform a linearizing stage for said dyeing machine, comprising: determining multiple ink dispensing rates for performing said linearizing stage by dividing said effective maximum ink dispensing rate into multiple intervals, calculating from said effective maximum colorimetric value, a linear correspondence between said multiple ink dispensing rates and multiple calculated colorimetric values, obtaining color values of a first set of substrates dyed according to said multiple ink dispensing rates, interpolating a non-linear correspondence between said multiple ink dispensing rates and said acquired color values, and mapping said linear correspondence to said non-linear correspondence. | A method for calibrating a dyeing machine, comprising: for each of multiple colors: performing a maximizing stage to determine an effective maximum ink dispensing rate corresponding to an effective maximum colorimetric value for the dyeing machine; performing a linearizing stage, comprising: determining multiple ink dispensing rates for performing the linearizing stage by dividing the effective maximum ink dispensing rate into multiple intervals, calculating from the effective maximum colorimetric value, a linear correspondence between the multiple ink dispensing rates and multiple calculated colorimetric values, dyeing a set of substrates according to the multiple ink dispensing rates, acquiring color values of the dyed set of substrates, interpolating a non-linear correspondence between the multiple ink dispensing rates and the acquired color values, and mapping the linear correspondence to the non-linear correspondence.1. A method for calibrating a dyeing machine, comprising:
for each of multiple ink channels: performing a maximizing stage to determine an effective maximum ink dispensing rate corresponding to an effective maximum colorimetric value for said dyeing machine; performing a linearizing stage, comprising: determining multiple ink dispensing rates for performing said linearizing stage by dividing said effective maximum ink dispensing rate into multiple intervals, calculating a linear correspondence between said multiple ink dispensing rates and multiple measured colorimetric values, dyeing a first set of substrates according to said multiple ink dispensing rates, acquiring color values of said dyed first set of substrates, building a non-linear correspondence between said multiple ink dispensing rates and said acquired color values, and mapping said linear correspondence to said non-linear correspondence. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said maximizing stage and said linearizing stage are performed at each of a factory phase and an onsite phase, wherein results from said factory phase are used for performing said onsite phase. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein said maximizing stage further comprises:
dyeing a second set of substrates according to multiple ink dispensing rates for performing said maximizing stage for said dyeing machine, acquiring color values of said second set of substrates with respect to a maximizing calibration card, and adjusting said multiple ink dispensing rates for performing said maximizing stage until a color value of said second set of dyed substrates matches said effective maximum colorimetric value for said dyeing machine. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein determining said effective maximum ink dispensing rate for said dyeing machine comprises interpolating multiple maximum ink dispensing rates and multiple maximum color values of multiple substrates dyed at said multiple maximum ink dispensing rates. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein dividing said effective maximum ink dispensing rate into multiple intervals comprises dividing according to a color response of multiple substrates dyed at said multiple ink dispensing rates determined for performing said linearizing stage. 6. A system for calibrating a dyeing machine, comprising:
a dyeing machine configured to dye multiple substrates according to multiple ink channels; and a processor configured to calibrate said dyeing machine for each of multiple ink channels by: performing a maximizing stage to determine an effective maximum ink dispensing rate corresponding to an effective maximum colorimetric value for said dyeing machine, performing a linearizing stage, comprising: determining multiple ink dispensing rates for performing said linearizing stage by dividing said effective maximum ink dispensing rate into multiple intervals, calculating a linear correspondence between said multiple ink dispensing rates and multiple calculated colorimetric values, obtaining color values of a first set of substrates dyed according to said multiple ink dispensing rates, building a non-linear correspondence between said multiple ink dispensing rates and said acquired color values, and mapping said linear correspondence to said non-linear correspondence. 7. The system of claim 6, further comprising an optical detector configured to acquire said color values. 8. The system of claim 6, further comprising a spectrophotometer configured to acquire said color values. 9. The system of claim 6 further comprising a maximizing calibration card for performing said maximizing stage, wherein said maximizing calibration card is provided with an area for placing multiple substrates dyed at multiple maximum ink dispensing rates for each of said ink channels, and multiple areas comprising multiple grayscale features interleaved with multiple areas for placing substrates dyed at variable ink dispensing rates for each of said ink channels. 10. The system of claim 6 further comprising a maximizing dispensing calibration card for performing said maximizing stage, wherein said maximizing dispensing calibration card is provided with an area for placing multiple substrates dyed at multiple maximal ink dispensing rates for each of said ink channels, and wherein said background of said maximizing calibration card presents multiple opposing grayscale gradients. 11. The system of claim 6 further comprising a linearizing calibration card for performing said linearizing stage, wherein said linearizing calibration card is provided with an area for placing multiple substrates dyed at said multiple ink dispensing rates for performing said linearizing stage, and multiple areas comprising multiple grayscale features interleaved with multiple areas for placing substrates dyed at said multiple ink dispensing rates for performing said linearizing stage. 12. The system of claim 6 further comprising a linearizing dispensing calibration card for performing said linearizing stage, wherein said linearizing dispensing calibration card is provided with an area for placing multiple substrates dyed at multiple ink dispensing rates for performing said linearizing stage for each of said ink channels, and wherein said background of said linearizing calibration card presents multiple opposing grayscale gradients. 13. A computer program product comprising a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having program code embodied thereon, the program code executable by at least one hardware processor to:
for each of multiple ink channels: perform a maximizing stage to determine an effective maximum ink dispensing rate corresponding to an effective maximum colorimetric value for a dyeing machine; and perform a linearizing stage for said dyeing machine, comprising: determining multiple ink dispensing rates for performing said linearizing stage by dividing said effective maximum ink dispensing rate into multiple intervals, calculating from said effective maximum colorimetric value, a linear correspondence between said multiple ink dispensing rates and multiple calculated colorimetric values, obtaining color values of a first set of substrates dyed according to said multiple ink dispensing rates, interpolating a non-linear correspondence between said multiple ink dispensing rates and said acquired color values, and mapping said linear correspondence to said non-linear correspondence. | 1,600 |
340,684 | 16,642,129 | 1,699 | A temperature swing adsorption process for removing a target component from a gaseous mixture (111) containing water and at least one side component, said process comprising: (a) at least one adsorption step, providing a target component-loaded adsorbent and at least one waste stream (112) depleted of the target component; (b) a desorption step, comprising heating of the loaded adsorbent to a desorption temperature (Tdes) and providing a first output stream (116) containing the desorbed target component; (c) a conditioning step; (d) at least one target component-releasing releasing step bringing the solid adsorbent to a temperature lower than said desorption temperature (Tdes) and providing at least one second output stream (117) containing an amount of the target component and containing water; (e) separating water from said second output stream(s) (117) and (f) subjecting the so obtained water-depleted stream(s) to said adsorption step or to at least one of said adsorption steps. | 1-21. (canceled) 22. A temperature swing adsorption process for removing a target component from a gaseous mixture containing water and at least one side component besides the target component, said temperature swing process comprising:
(a) at least one adsorption step, comprising adsorption of target component over a solid adsorbent, providing a target component-loaded adsorbent and at least one waste stream depleted of the target component; (b) a desorption step, comprising heating of said target component-loaded adsorbent to a desorption temperature and desorption of an amount of target component, providing an at least partially regenerated adsorbent and a first output stream containing the desorbed target component; (c) a conditioning step, comprising cooling of said at least partially regenerated adsorbent to a conditioning temperature; (d) at least one target component-releasing step bringing the solid adsorbent to a temperature lower than said desorption temperature and providing at least one second output stream containing an amount of the target component and containing water; (e) separating water from said second output stream(s), producing at least one water-depleted stream; and (f) subjecting said water-depleted stream(s) to said adsorption step or to at least one of said adsorption steps; wherein said at least one target component-releasing step is performed before or after said desorption step (b); and wherein said step (e) comprises cooling of said second output stream(s) to condense at least a portion of the water contained therein and also comprises separation of the condensed water, obtaining said water-depleted stream(s). 23. The temperature swing process of claim 22, wherein said target component-releasing step is performed before the desorption step (b) and comprises heating of the target component-loaded adsorbent up to a temperature which is lower than said desorption temperature. 24. The temperature swing process of claim 22, wherein said target component-releasing step is performed after the desorption step (b) and comprises cooling of said at least partially regenerated adsorbent to a temperature which is preferably higher than said conditioning temperature, said cooling taking place with the aid of at least a portion of said waste stream or at least one of said waste streams, which is cooled prior to be subjected to said target component-releasing step(s). 25. The temperature swing process of claim 22, wherein said target component-releasing step includes more than one of said target component-releasing step, wherein one of them is performed before said desorption step (b) and another one is performed thereafter with the aid of at least a portion of said waste stream or at least one of said waste streams, which is optionally cooled prior to be subjected thereto. 26. The temperature swing process of claim 22, wherein said temperature swing process is carried out in a plurality of reactors containing an adsorbent and each reactor of the plurality of reactors performing said steps (a) to (f). 27. The temperature swing process of claim 26, wherein said water-depleted stream or at least one of said water-depleted streams provided by one reactor is subjected to at least one other reactor of the plurality while performing said adsorption step (a) or one of said adsorption steps. 28. The temperature swing process of claim 27, wherein said water-depleted stream or at least one of said water-depleted streams is subjected with or without an intermediate storage in a suitable tank to said at least one other reactor performing said adsorption step (a) or one of said adsorption steps. 29. The temperature swing process of claim 27, wherein said target component-releasing step or at least one of said target component-releasing steps being performed after the desorption step (b) and comprising cooling of said at least partially regenerated adsorbent to a temperature which is preferably higher than said conditioning temperature with the aid of at least a portion of said waste stream or at least one of said waste streams which is provided by at least one other reactor of said plurality. 30. The temperature swing process of claim 29, wherein said at least a portion of waste stream is exchanged with or without an intermediate storage in a suitable tank from said at least one other reactor to the reactor undergoing said target component-releasing step (d). 31. The temperature swing process of claim 29, wherein the waste stream or at least one of the waste streams subjected to said target component-releasing step and the water-depleted stream or at least one of the water-depleted streams subjected to said adsorption step or to at least one of said adsorption steps are provided by two different reactors. 32. The temperature swing process of claim 31, wherein:
a first reactor performs said target component-releasing step before the desorption step (b) providing the second output stream, which is subjected to said step (e) producing said water-depleted stream; a second reactor performs said at least one adsorption step providing said at least one waste stream; and at least a portion of said water-depleted stream is subjected to said second reactor performing the adsorption step, and at least a portion of said waste stream is used for the target component-releasing step (d) of said first reactor, thus forming a closed loop between said first and second reactor. 33. The temperature swing process of claim 32, wherein each reactor of said plurality performs a first adsorption step and a second adsorption step, said second adsorption step being carried out after said first adsorption step and before said desorption step (b);
said first adsorption step comprising contacting an input stream of said gaseous mixture with a solid adsorbent and adsorption of target component from said input stream, providing a target component-loaded adsorbent and a first waste stream depleted of the target component; said second adsorption step comprising contacting said loaded adsorbent with the water-depleted stream or at least one of the water-depleted streams provided by at least one other reactor of said plurality of reactors while performing said step (e), wherein an amount of the target component contained in said water-depleted stream is adsorbed and a second waste stream depleted of the target component is produced. 34. The temperature swing process of claim 33, wherein said target component-releasing step performed after the desorption step (b) is carried out with the aid of at least a portion of the second waste stream provided by at least one other reactor of said plurality of reactors while performing said second adsorption step. 35. The temperature swing process of claim 34, wherein said conditioning step (c) is carried out by at least a portion of the first waste stream provided by said at least one other reactor of said plurality of reactors while performing said first adsorption step (a), said at least a portion of the first waste stream being cooled prior to subjection to said conditioning step (c). 36. The temperature swing process of claim 35, wherein each reactor of the plurality of reactors additionally performs one target component-releasing step before the desorption step (b), and provides a first water-depleted stream resulting from the target component-releasing step performed before the step (b) and a second water-depleted stream resulting from the target component-releasing step performed after the step (b), said first stream being supplied to a reactor performing said first adsorption step and said second stream being supplied to a reactor performing said second adsorption step. 37. The temperature swing process of claim 22, wherein the desorption temperature is not greater than 250° C. 38. The temperature swing process of claim 37, wherein the desorption temperature is not greater than 200° C. 39. The temperature swing process of claim 38, wherein the desorption temperature is not greater than 170° C. 40. The temperature swing process of claim 22, wherein the conditioning temperature is not greater than 60° C. 41. The temperature swing process of claim 22, wherein said target component includes carbon dioxide. 42. The temperature swing process of claim 22 wherein said gaseous mixture includes a flue gas. 43. The temperature swing process of claim 42 wherein said flue gas includes a flue gas of any of: an ammonia plant, a methanol plant, a urea plant, or a fossil fuel fired power plant. | A temperature swing adsorption process for removing a target component from a gaseous mixture (111) containing water and at least one side component, said process comprising: (a) at least one adsorption step, providing a target component-loaded adsorbent and at least one waste stream (112) depleted of the target component; (b) a desorption step, comprising heating of the loaded adsorbent to a desorption temperature (Tdes) and providing a first output stream (116) containing the desorbed target component; (c) a conditioning step; (d) at least one target component-releasing releasing step bringing the solid adsorbent to a temperature lower than said desorption temperature (Tdes) and providing at least one second output stream (117) containing an amount of the target component and containing water; (e) separating water from said second output stream(s) (117) and (f) subjecting the so obtained water-depleted stream(s) to said adsorption step or to at least one of said adsorption steps.1-21. (canceled) 22. A temperature swing adsorption process for removing a target component from a gaseous mixture containing water and at least one side component besides the target component, said temperature swing process comprising:
(a) at least one adsorption step, comprising adsorption of target component over a solid adsorbent, providing a target component-loaded adsorbent and at least one waste stream depleted of the target component; (b) a desorption step, comprising heating of said target component-loaded adsorbent to a desorption temperature and desorption of an amount of target component, providing an at least partially regenerated adsorbent and a first output stream containing the desorbed target component; (c) a conditioning step, comprising cooling of said at least partially regenerated adsorbent to a conditioning temperature; (d) at least one target component-releasing step bringing the solid adsorbent to a temperature lower than said desorption temperature and providing at least one second output stream containing an amount of the target component and containing water; (e) separating water from said second output stream(s), producing at least one water-depleted stream; and (f) subjecting said water-depleted stream(s) to said adsorption step or to at least one of said adsorption steps; wherein said at least one target component-releasing step is performed before or after said desorption step (b); and wherein said step (e) comprises cooling of said second output stream(s) to condense at least a portion of the water contained therein and also comprises separation of the condensed water, obtaining said water-depleted stream(s). 23. The temperature swing process of claim 22, wherein said target component-releasing step is performed before the desorption step (b) and comprises heating of the target component-loaded adsorbent up to a temperature which is lower than said desorption temperature. 24. The temperature swing process of claim 22, wherein said target component-releasing step is performed after the desorption step (b) and comprises cooling of said at least partially regenerated adsorbent to a temperature which is preferably higher than said conditioning temperature, said cooling taking place with the aid of at least a portion of said waste stream or at least one of said waste streams, which is cooled prior to be subjected to said target component-releasing step(s). 25. The temperature swing process of claim 22, wherein said target component-releasing step includes more than one of said target component-releasing step, wherein one of them is performed before said desorption step (b) and another one is performed thereafter with the aid of at least a portion of said waste stream or at least one of said waste streams, which is optionally cooled prior to be subjected thereto. 26. The temperature swing process of claim 22, wherein said temperature swing process is carried out in a plurality of reactors containing an adsorbent and each reactor of the plurality of reactors performing said steps (a) to (f). 27. The temperature swing process of claim 26, wherein said water-depleted stream or at least one of said water-depleted streams provided by one reactor is subjected to at least one other reactor of the plurality while performing said adsorption step (a) or one of said adsorption steps. 28. The temperature swing process of claim 27, wherein said water-depleted stream or at least one of said water-depleted streams is subjected with or without an intermediate storage in a suitable tank to said at least one other reactor performing said adsorption step (a) or one of said adsorption steps. 29. The temperature swing process of claim 27, wherein said target component-releasing step or at least one of said target component-releasing steps being performed after the desorption step (b) and comprising cooling of said at least partially regenerated adsorbent to a temperature which is preferably higher than said conditioning temperature with the aid of at least a portion of said waste stream or at least one of said waste streams which is provided by at least one other reactor of said plurality. 30. The temperature swing process of claim 29, wherein said at least a portion of waste stream is exchanged with or without an intermediate storage in a suitable tank from said at least one other reactor to the reactor undergoing said target component-releasing step (d). 31. The temperature swing process of claim 29, wherein the waste stream or at least one of the waste streams subjected to said target component-releasing step and the water-depleted stream or at least one of the water-depleted streams subjected to said adsorption step or to at least one of said adsorption steps are provided by two different reactors. 32. The temperature swing process of claim 31, wherein:
a first reactor performs said target component-releasing step before the desorption step (b) providing the second output stream, which is subjected to said step (e) producing said water-depleted stream; a second reactor performs said at least one adsorption step providing said at least one waste stream; and at least a portion of said water-depleted stream is subjected to said second reactor performing the adsorption step, and at least a portion of said waste stream is used for the target component-releasing step (d) of said first reactor, thus forming a closed loop between said first and second reactor. 33. The temperature swing process of claim 32, wherein each reactor of said plurality performs a first adsorption step and a second adsorption step, said second adsorption step being carried out after said first adsorption step and before said desorption step (b);
said first adsorption step comprising contacting an input stream of said gaseous mixture with a solid adsorbent and adsorption of target component from said input stream, providing a target component-loaded adsorbent and a first waste stream depleted of the target component; said second adsorption step comprising contacting said loaded adsorbent with the water-depleted stream or at least one of the water-depleted streams provided by at least one other reactor of said plurality of reactors while performing said step (e), wherein an amount of the target component contained in said water-depleted stream is adsorbed and a second waste stream depleted of the target component is produced. 34. The temperature swing process of claim 33, wherein said target component-releasing step performed after the desorption step (b) is carried out with the aid of at least a portion of the second waste stream provided by at least one other reactor of said plurality of reactors while performing said second adsorption step. 35. The temperature swing process of claim 34, wherein said conditioning step (c) is carried out by at least a portion of the first waste stream provided by said at least one other reactor of said plurality of reactors while performing said first adsorption step (a), said at least a portion of the first waste stream being cooled prior to subjection to said conditioning step (c). 36. The temperature swing process of claim 35, wherein each reactor of the plurality of reactors additionally performs one target component-releasing step before the desorption step (b), and provides a first water-depleted stream resulting from the target component-releasing step performed before the step (b) and a second water-depleted stream resulting from the target component-releasing step performed after the step (b), said first stream being supplied to a reactor performing said first adsorption step and said second stream being supplied to a reactor performing said second adsorption step. 37. The temperature swing process of claim 22, wherein the desorption temperature is not greater than 250° C. 38. The temperature swing process of claim 37, wherein the desorption temperature is not greater than 200° C. 39. The temperature swing process of claim 38, wherein the desorption temperature is not greater than 170° C. 40. The temperature swing process of claim 22, wherein the conditioning temperature is not greater than 60° C. 41. The temperature swing process of claim 22, wherein said target component includes carbon dioxide. 42. The temperature swing process of claim 22 wherein said gaseous mixture includes a flue gas. 43. The temperature swing process of claim 42 wherein said flue gas includes a flue gas of any of: an ammonia plant, a methanol plant, a urea plant, or a fossil fuel fired power plant. | 1,600 |
340,685 | 16,642,148 | 3,761 | A method for providing a referenced distance signal which corresponds to the distance between a contact tip of a welding torch and a workpiece to be machined, includes adjusting an operating point on a predetermined welding characteristic, which is defined at least by a wire feed rate, a welding voltage and/or a welding current, and a CTWD distance between the contact tip and the workpiece; determining a target parameter value of at least one parameter dependent on the CTWD distance for the operating point; determining an actual parameter value of the at least one parameter by measuring at least one of the present wire feed rate, welding voltage and/or welding current; modifying the determined actual parameter value as a function of a calculated difference between the target parameter value and a predetermined reference value; and outputting the referenced distance signal corresponding to the modified actual parameter value to a position control system of a robot arm. | 1. A method for providing a referenced distance signal, which corresponds to the distance between a contact tip of a welding torch and a workpiece to be machined, comprising the steps of:
(a) adjusting an operating point on a predetermined welding characteristic which is defined at least by a wire feed rate a welding voltage and/or a welding current and a contact-tip-to-work distance (CTWD) between a contact tip of the welding torch and the workpiece to be machined; (b) reading out or determining a target parameter value of at least one parameter dependent on the CTWD for the operating point set on the welding characteristic; (c) determining an actual parameter value of the parameter dependent on the CTWD by measuring at least one of the present welding parameters of wire feed rate welding voltage or welding current; (d) modifying the determined actual parameter value as a function of a calculated difference between the target parameter value and a predetermined reference value which is in the middle of an output value range of the referenced distance signal; and (e) outputting the referenced distance signal, corresponding to the modified actual parameter value as a seam track signal to a robot control unit during the welding process for regulating a position of the welding torch coupled to a robot arm, the position of the welding torch being modified by means of the robot arm in such a way that the output value of the referenced distance signal is changed to the predetermined reference value so as to maintain a desired CTWD. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the parameter dependent on the CTWD is the welding voltage the welding current the wire feed rate or a variable derived therefrom. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the parameter dependent on the CTWD is a welding resistance or an electrical welding power. 4. (canceled) 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determined actual parameter value is modified by adding the difference between the target parameter value and a reference value onto the determined actual parameter value as an offset. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determined actual parameter value is modified by multiplying it by a correcting factor which is determined as a function of the difference between the target parameter value and the reference value. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the welding voltage and the welding current are measured using sensors, which are provided on the welding torch or on a welding power source connected to the welding torch. 8. A device for providing a reference distance signal, which corresponds to the distance between a contact tip of a welding torch and a workpiece to be machined, comprising:
an adjustment unit for adjusting an operating point on a predetermined welding characteristic which is defined at least by a wire feed rate a welding voltage and/or a welding current and for adjusting a contact-tip-to-work distance (CTWD) between the contact tip of the welding torch and the workpiece to be machined; a target value determination unit for determining a target parameter value of at least one parameter dependent on the CTWD for the operating point set on the welding characteristic; an actual value determination unit for determining an actual parameter value of the parameter dependent on the CTWD by measuring at least the wire feed rate the welding voltage and/or the welding current; a modification unit for automatically modifying the determined actual parameter value as a function of a calculated difference between the determined target parameter value and a predetermined reference value which is in the middle of an output value range of the referenced distance signal; and an output interface for outputting the referenced distance signal corresponding to the actual parameter value modified by the modification unit, the output interface configured for transmitting the referenced distance signal as a seam track signal to a robot control unit which controls a position of the welding torch coupled to a robot arm during the welding process as a function of the received seam track signal, the position of the welding torch being modified by means of the robot arm in such a way that the output value of the referenced distance signal is changed to the predetermined reference value so as to maintain a desired CTWD. 9. (canceled) 10. The device according to claim 8, wherein the modification unit modifies the determined actual parameter value by adding the calculated difference between the target parameter value determined by the target value determination unit and the predetermined reference value onto the actual parameter value determined by the actual value determination unit, as an offset value. 11. The device according to claim 8, wherein the modification unit modifies the determined actual parameter value by multiplying the actual parameter value by a correcting factor which is determined as a function of the difference between the target parameter value determined by the target value determination unit and the predetermined reference value. 12. The device according to claim 8, wherein the actual value determination unit has sensors which detect in a sensory manner the actual parameter values of parameters which are dependent on the CTWD. 13. The device according to claim 12, wherein the sensors are provided on the welding torch and/or on a welding power source connected to the welding torch. 14. A welding device, comprising a robot control unit connected thereto, which controls a position of a welding torch during the welding process as a function of a reference distance signal, which reference distance signal is provided by a device according to claim 8, the welding torch being moved by the robot arm, the position of which relative to the workpiece to be machined is automatically regulated by the robot control unit as a function of the referenced distance signal. 15. (canceled) | A method for providing a referenced distance signal which corresponds to the distance between a contact tip of a welding torch and a workpiece to be machined, includes adjusting an operating point on a predetermined welding characteristic, which is defined at least by a wire feed rate, a welding voltage and/or a welding current, and a CTWD distance between the contact tip and the workpiece; determining a target parameter value of at least one parameter dependent on the CTWD distance for the operating point; determining an actual parameter value of the at least one parameter by measuring at least one of the present wire feed rate, welding voltage and/or welding current; modifying the determined actual parameter value as a function of a calculated difference between the target parameter value and a predetermined reference value; and outputting the referenced distance signal corresponding to the modified actual parameter value to a position control system of a robot arm.1. A method for providing a referenced distance signal, which corresponds to the distance between a contact tip of a welding torch and a workpiece to be machined, comprising the steps of:
(a) adjusting an operating point on a predetermined welding characteristic which is defined at least by a wire feed rate a welding voltage and/or a welding current and a contact-tip-to-work distance (CTWD) between a contact tip of the welding torch and the workpiece to be machined; (b) reading out or determining a target parameter value of at least one parameter dependent on the CTWD for the operating point set on the welding characteristic; (c) determining an actual parameter value of the parameter dependent on the CTWD by measuring at least one of the present welding parameters of wire feed rate welding voltage or welding current; (d) modifying the determined actual parameter value as a function of a calculated difference between the target parameter value and a predetermined reference value which is in the middle of an output value range of the referenced distance signal; and (e) outputting the referenced distance signal, corresponding to the modified actual parameter value as a seam track signal to a robot control unit during the welding process for regulating a position of the welding torch coupled to a robot arm, the position of the welding torch being modified by means of the robot arm in such a way that the output value of the referenced distance signal is changed to the predetermined reference value so as to maintain a desired CTWD. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the parameter dependent on the CTWD is the welding voltage the welding current the wire feed rate or a variable derived therefrom. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the parameter dependent on the CTWD is a welding resistance or an electrical welding power. 4. (canceled) 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determined actual parameter value is modified by adding the difference between the target parameter value and a reference value onto the determined actual parameter value as an offset. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determined actual parameter value is modified by multiplying it by a correcting factor which is determined as a function of the difference between the target parameter value and the reference value. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the welding voltage and the welding current are measured using sensors, which are provided on the welding torch or on a welding power source connected to the welding torch. 8. A device for providing a reference distance signal, which corresponds to the distance between a contact tip of a welding torch and a workpiece to be machined, comprising:
an adjustment unit for adjusting an operating point on a predetermined welding characteristic which is defined at least by a wire feed rate a welding voltage and/or a welding current and for adjusting a contact-tip-to-work distance (CTWD) between the contact tip of the welding torch and the workpiece to be machined; a target value determination unit for determining a target parameter value of at least one parameter dependent on the CTWD for the operating point set on the welding characteristic; an actual value determination unit for determining an actual parameter value of the parameter dependent on the CTWD by measuring at least the wire feed rate the welding voltage and/or the welding current; a modification unit for automatically modifying the determined actual parameter value as a function of a calculated difference between the determined target parameter value and a predetermined reference value which is in the middle of an output value range of the referenced distance signal; and an output interface for outputting the referenced distance signal corresponding to the actual parameter value modified by the modification unit, the output interface configured for transmitting the referenced distance signal as a seam track signal to a robot control unit which controls a position of the welding torch coupled to a robot arm during the welding process as a function of the received seam track signal, the position of the welding torch being modified by means of the robot arm in such a way that the output value of the referenced distance signal is changed to the predetermined reference value so as to maintain a desired CTWD. 9. (canceled) 10. The device according to claim 8, wherein the modification unit modifies the determined actual parameter value by adding the calculated difference between the target parameter value determined by the target value determination unit and the predetermined reference value onto the actual parameter value determined by the actual value determination unit, as an offset value. 11. The device according to claim 8, wherein the modification unit modifies the determined actual parameter value by multiplying the actual parameter value by a correcting factor which is determined as a function of the difference between the target parameter value determined by the target value determination unit and the predetermined reference value. 12. The device according to claim 8, wherein the actual value determination unit has sensors which detect in a sensory manner the actual parameter values of parameters which are dependent on the CTWD. 13. The device according to claim 12, wherein the sensors are provided on the welding torch and/or on a welding power source connected to the welding torch. 14. A welding device, comprising a robot control unit connected thereto, which controls a position of a welding torch during the welding process as a function of a reference distance signal, which reference distance signal is provided by a device according to claim 8, the welding torch being moved by the robot arm, the position of which relative to the workpiece to be machined is automatically regulated by the robot control unit as a function of the referenced distance signal. 15. (canceled) | 3,700 |
340,686 | 16,642,136 | 3,761 | Embodiments of a device for protecting and sealing the opening of a container. This device is a one-piece made plug for a flask or container, comprising at least one passing channel, and at least one structural flow regulator barrier, allowing the passing of solid elements. The structural regulator barrier comprises at least a gate to regulate the passing and connection between the inside space and the outside space of the container in a unidirectional and/or bidirectional way. An embodiment includes a method and a mold for manufacturing such a device. | 1. A plug for a flask or container, preferably made of one piece, comprising:
a. at least one passing channel, and b. at least one structural flow regulator barrier, 2. The plug of claim 1, wherein the structural flow regulator barrier permanently blocks the channel unless the access is unlocked by the application of a perpendicular force over the gate surface exerted by a solid body, which causes a variation of spatial arrangement over the gate itself, allowing the mentioned solid body to pass through the passing channel. 3. The plug of claim 1, wherein the plug comprises a system to reset the initial volumetric spatial disposition of the gate position when the perpendicular force exerted by a solid body over the regulator barrier is no longer exerted. 4. The plug of claim 1, wherein the access is activated by the application of a force without breaking or causing any structural damage to the plug, so can be reused in a specific, variable or unlimited amount of times, and wherein the plug can be operated with the interaction of a range of solid objects. 5. The plug of claim 4, wherein the range of solid objects for interaction with the plug comprises: rounded, sharp, conical, flat and beveled objects, and any combination of them. 6. The plug of claim 1, wherein the plug is made of an elastomer material, wherein the elastomer material can be selected from at least one of the followings materials: is chosen from styrenics, olefinic, vulcanized thermoplastics, thermoplastic polyurethane, copolyesters, and copolyamides materials. 7. A method for manufacturing the plug of claim 1, wherein the method comprises at least one of the following stages:
a. pre-analysis, and b. materialization, 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of manufacturing the template and prototype comprises at least one of the following steps: 1) casting in combination with a rapid prototyping tool manufacturing process to obtain the positive (mold); 2) 30 printing; 3) machining by roughing, for instance by a manual, computerized or mixed process; and 4) conforming by deposition of material. 9. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of manufacturing of template and prototype comprises a conformation molding process, including the elaboration of a mold for conforming at least one unit of a single-piece plug. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the mold for conforming the plug comprises elaboration of multiple units of a single-piece plug, simultaneously or successively. 11. The method of claim 7, wherein the scaled production includes at least one of the following steps: 1) casting, 2) injection molding, and 3) extrusion molding. 12. The method of claim 7, wherein the materialization stage comprises any format of computer-readable information directly, intentional or derived from digital prototyping or a manufacturing process involving the use of an automated machine, preferably at any time of the manufacture process. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the computer-readable information comprises at least one of the following: numerical control programming language, parametric design approach, mesh design approach, and any combination of them. 14. A plug for a flask or container, preferably made of one piece, produced by the method according to claim 7. 15. A plug/container assembly, comprising (1) a flask or a container and (2) a plug according to claim 1, the plug being attached or connected to the flask or container. 16. The Plug/container assembly according to claim 15, wherein the container or flask comprises a sample. 17. Use of the plug of claim 1, wherein include the plug in a sample analysis pipeline improves the time of processing set of samples, by reducing time of at least 5%, preferably 10%, preferably 20%, preferably 30%, preferably 40%, preferably 50% preferably 60% of the total time for sample processing. 18. The use of the plug of claim 17, wherein improving the time of processing set of samples in a sample analysis pipeline, includes an optimization resource in the processing of samples from productive contexts, since it allows to reduce and optimize the use of resources, wherein resources can include at least one of the followings: physical resources, human resources, material resources, economical resources, and any combination of them. | Embodiments of a device for protecting and sealing the opening of a container. This device is a one-piece made plug for a flask or container, comprising at least one passing channel, and at least one structural flow regulator barrier, allowing the passing of solid elements. The structural regulator barrier comprises at least a gate to regulate the passing and connection between the inside space and the outside space of the container in a unidirectional and/or bidirectional way. An embodiment includes a method and a mold for manufacturing such a device.1. A plug for a flask or container, preferably made of one piece, comprising:
a. at least one passing channel, and b. at least one structural flow regulator barrier, 2. The plug of claim 1, wherein the structural flow regulator barrier permanently blocks the channel unless the access is unlocked by the application of a perpendicular force over the gate surface exerted by a solid body, which causes a variation of spatial arrangement over the gate itself, allowing the mentioned solid body to pass through the passing channel. 3. The plug of claim 1, wherein the plug comprises a system to reset the initial volumetric spatial disposition of the gate position when the perpendicular force exerted by a solid body over the regulator barrier is no longer exerted. 4. The plug of claim 1, wherein the access is activated by the application of a force without breaking or causing any structural damage to the plug, so can be reused in a specific, variable or unlimited amount of times, and wherein the plug can be operated with the interaction of a range of solid objects. 5. The plug of claim 4, wherein the range of solid objects for interaction with the plug comprises: rounded, sharp, conical, flat and beveled objects, and any combination of them. 6. The plug of claim 1, wherein the plug is made of an elastomer material, wherein the elastomer material can be selected from at least one of the followings materials: is chosen from styrenics, olefinic, vulcanized thermoplastics, thermoplastic polyurethane, copolyesters, and copolyamides materials. 7. A method for manufacturing the plug of claim 1, wherein the method comprises at least one of the following stages:
a. pre-analysis, and b. materialization, 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of manufacturing the template and prototype comprises at least one of the following steps: 1) casting in combination with a rapid prototyping tool manufacturing process to obtain the positive (mold); 2) 30 printing; 3) machining by roughing, for instance by a manual, computerized or mixed process; and 4) conforming by deposition of material. 9. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of manufacturing of template and prototype comprises a conformation molding process, including the elaboration of a mold for conforming at least one unit of a single-piece plug. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the mold for conforming the plug comprises elaboration of multiple units of a single-piece plug, simultaneously or successively. 11. The method of claim 7, wherein the scaled production includes at least one of the following steps: 1) casting, 2) injection molding, and 3) extrusion molding. 12. The method of claim 7, wherein the materialization stage comprises any format of computer-readable information directly, intentional or derived from digital prototyping or a manufacturing process involving the use of an automated machine, preferably at any time of the manufacture process. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the computer-readable information comprises at least one of the following: numerical control programming language, parametric design approach, mesh design approach, and any combination of them. 14. A plug for a flask or container, preferably made of one piece, produced by the method according to claim 7. 15. A plug/container assembly, comprising (1) a flask or a container and (2) a plug according to claim 1, the plug being attached or connected to the flask or container. 16. The Plug/container assembly according to claim 15, wherein the container or flask comprises a sample. 17. Use of the plug of claim 1, wherein include the plug in a sample analysis pipeline improves the time of processing set of samples, by reducing time of at least 5%, preferably 10%, preferably 20%, preferably 30%, preferably 40%, preferably 50% preferably 60% of the total time for sample processing. 18. The use of the plug of claim 17, wherein improving the time of processing set of samples in a sample analysis pipeline, includes an optimization resource in the processing of samples from productive contexts, since it allows to reduce and optimize the use of resources, wherein resources can include at least one of the followings: physical resources, human resources, material resources, economical resources, and any combination of them. | 3,700 |
340,687 | 16,642,117 | 3,761 | The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a power generation element in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode exchange ions via an electrolyte, two terminals connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode, respectively, and an exterior body which is formed by extending one terminal of each of the outer sides to cover the power generation element and the two terminals, and the outer circumference of which is sealed. A seal strength of the outer periphery of the exterior body is the weakest at a terminal sealing portion sandwiching the two terminals; and at least one surface of the terminal seal portion has a seal strength of 4.5 N/mm or less. | 1. A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, comprising:
a power generation element in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode exchange ions via an electrolyte;
two terminals connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode, respectively; and
an exterior body which covers the power generation element and the two terminals so that one end of each of the two terminals extends outward, and which has a sealed outer periphery,
wherein a seal strength of the outer periphery of the exterior body is the weakest at a terminal sealing portion sandwiching the two terminals; and
at least one surface of the terminal seal portion has a seal strength of 4.5 N/mm or less. 2. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein a distance between an inner end portion of the terminal seal portion and the power generation element is 1.2 mm or more and 15 mm or less. 3. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1, further comprising an insulation tape connecting at least one of the two terminals and an outermost surface of the power generation element. 4. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the exterior body has a first surface and a second surface that intersect with a line perpendicular to a surface extending from the sealing surface, and
a seal strength of the terminal seal portion on the first surface side is the weakest among seal strengths of the outer periphery of the exterior body. 5. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 4, wherein the exterior body is formed by sealing exterior films each having a metal layer inside, and
a thickness of the metal layer in the terminal seal portion on the first surface side is smaller than a thickness of the metal layer in the terminal seal portion on the second surface side. 6. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte contained in the power generation element comprises a salt and a nonaqueous solvent, and
the nonaqueous solvent comprises 50% or more by mass and 85% or less by mass of a low-boiling solvent having a boiling point of 130° C. or less. 7. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte contained in the power generation element comprises a salt and a nonaqueous solvent, and
the nonaqueous solvent comprises 35% or more by mass and 85% or less by mass of a low-boiling solvent having a boiling point of 110° C. or less. | The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a power generation element in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode exchange ions via an electrolyte, two terminals connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode, respectively, and an exterior body which is formed by extending one terminal of each of the outer sides to cover the power generation element and the two terminals, and the outer circumference of which is sealed. A seal strength of the outer periphery of the exterior body is the weakest at a terminal sealing portion sandwiching the two terminals; and at least one surface of the terminal seal portion has a seal strength of 4.5 N/mm or less.1. A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, comprising:
a power generation element in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode exchange ions via an electrolyte;
two terminals connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode, respectively; and
an exterior body which covers the power generation element and the two terminals so that one end of each of the two terminals extends outward, and which has a sealed outer periphery,
wherein a seal strength of the outer periphery of the exterior body is the weakest at a terminal sealing portion sandwiching the two terminals; and
at least one surface of the terminal seal portion has a seal strength of 4.5 N/mm or less. 2. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein a distance between an inner end portion of the terminal seal portion and the power generation element is 1.2 mm or more and 15 mm or less. 3. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1, further comprising an insulation tape connecting at least one of the two terminals and an outermost surface of the power generation element. 4. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the exterior body has a first surface and a second surface that intersect with a line perpendicular to a surface extending from the sealing surface, and
a seal strength of the terminal seal portion on the first surface side is the weakest among seal strengths of the outer periphery of the exterior body. 5. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 4, wherein the exterior body is formed by sealing exterior films each having a metal layer inside, and
a thickness of the metal layer in the terminal seal portion on the first surface side is smaller than a thickness of the metal layer in the terminal seal portion on the second surface side. 6. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte contained in the power generation element comprises a salt and a nonaqueous solvent, and
the nonaqueous solvent comprises 50% or more by mass and 85% or less by mass of a low-boiling solvent having a boiling point of 130° C. or less. 7. The nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte contained in the power generation element comprises a salt and a nonaqueous solvent, and
the nonaqueous solvent comprises 35% or more by mass and 85% or less by mass of a low-boiling solvent having a boiling point of 110° C. or less. | 3,700 |
340,688 | 16,642,174 | 2,482 | An adjustable inclined foot scanner includes a frame having a connected platform, a positionally adjustable rear foot support connected to the frame and movable with respect to the platform, a heel support pivotally mounted on the rear foot support, a three-dimensional camera scanning system for covering a majority of a user's foot, the scanning system including a frontal foot scanning assembly, an under-foot scanning assembly for covering at least an arch portion of the user's foot, and a rear foot scanning assembly. | 1. An adjustable inclined foot scanner comprising:
a frame having a connected platform; a positionally adjustable rear foot support connected to the frame and movable with respect to the platform in a first plane about a vertical axis and a horizontal axis; a heel support pivotally mounted on the rear foot support along a pivotal axis perpendicular to the first plane; a three-dimensional camera scanning system for scanning a majority of the foot, the scanning system including a front foot scanning assembly, an underfoot scanning assembly for covering at least an arch portion of the foot, and a rear foot scanning assembly. 2. The foot scanner of claim 1, wherein at least one of the underfoot and rear scanning assemblies is connected with the rear foot support. 3. The foot scanner of claim 1, wherein at least one of the platform and rear foot support has a weight sensor. 4. The foot scanner of claim 3, wherein both of the platform and rear foot support have a weight sensor. 5. The foot scanner of claim 1, wherein the heel support has positioning concavity. 6. The foot scanner of claim 5, wherein the heel support has positioning concavity equal to or above a heel seat plane of the heel support. 7. The foot scanner of claim 5, wherein the heel support has positioning concavity below a heel seat plane of the heel support. 8. The foot scanner of claim 1, wherein the heel support is adjustable. 9. The foot scanner of claim 8, wherein the heel support is automatically adjustable. 10. The foot scanner of claim 8, wherein the heel support is adjustable as a function of a variable selected from the group consisting of shoe length size, shoe width size, designated shoe material, shoe wearer total weight, weight force on the platform, weight force on the rear foot support, ratio of weight force on platform versus weight force on the rear foot support, heel height of the rear foot support, heel support positioning concavity, and heel support positioning concavity in relationship to a heel seat plane. 11. The foot scanner of claim 1, further comprising a weight force sensor for a foot not being scanned to aid in determining proper weight force distribution between the foot being scanned and the foot not being scanned. 12. The foot scanner of claim 1, further comprising a programmed user interface. 13. The foot scanner of claim 1, further comprising at least one target to align at least one camera. 14. A method of utilizing the foot scanner of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
confirming the proper weight force distribution between the foot being scanned and the foot not being scanned; and initiating scanning of the foot. 15. A method of utilizing the foot scanner of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
confirming the proper weight force distribution between the platform and the rear foot support; and initiating scanning of the foot. 16. A method of utilizing the foot scanner of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
allowing the heel support to assume a natural position; and initiating scanning of the foot. 17. A method of utilizing the foot scanner of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
defining a desired heel support angle using a variable selected from the group consisting of shoe length size, shoe width size, designated shoe material, shoe wearer total weight, weight force on the platform, weight force on the rear foot support, ratio of weight force on platform versus weight force on the rear foot support, heel height of the rear foot support, heel support positioning concavity, and heel support positioning concavity in relationship to a heel seat plane; adjusting the heel support to the desired angle; and initiating scanning of the foot. 18. The method of utilizing the foot scanner of claim 2, comprising the steps of:
first confirming the proper weight force distribution between the platform and the rear foot support; and initiating scanning of the foot. 19. An adjustable inclined foot scanner comprising:
a frame having a raised platform; a height adjustable rear foot support with a pivotal heel support connected to the rear foot support, wherein the height adjustable rear foot support is offset from the raised platform; two or more camera devices capable of utilizing a method incorporating an algorithm for initializing a three-dimensional scan and data capture, wherein the algorithm is capable of arranging the captured data in a manner specific to the method such that the three-dimensional scan covers a majority of the foot including the arch; one or more camera sub-assemblies connected to the rear foot support, wherein the one or more sub-assemblies each include at least one camera and one or more paths for the horizontal and vertical translation of the rear foot support in relation to the raised platform; and a user interface for triggering the data capture method. 20. (canceled) 21. An adjustable inclined foot scanner comprising:
a frame having a connected platform; a positionally adjustable rear foot support connected to the frame and movable with respect to the platform in a first plane about a vertical axis and a horizontal axis; a heel support pivotally mounted on the rear foot support along a pivotal axis perpendicular to the first plane; a three-dimensional camera scanning system for scanning at least a portion of the foot, the scanning system including a front foot scanning assembly, an underfoot scanning assembly for covering at least an arch portion of the foot, and a rear foot scanning assembly. | An adjustable inclined foot scanner includes a frame having a connected platform, a positionally adjustable rear foot support connected to the frame and movable with respect to the platform, a heel support pivotally mounted on the rear foot support, a three-dimensional camera scanning system for covering a majority of a user's foot, the scanning system including a frontal foot scanning assembly, an under-foot scanning assembly for covering at least an arch portion of the user's foot, and a rear foot scanning assembly.1. An adjustable inclined foot scanner comprising:
a frame having a connected platform; a positionally adjustable rear foot support connected to the frame and movable with respect to the platform in a first plane about a vertical axis and a horizontal axis; a heel support pivotally mounted on the rear foot support along a pivotal axis perpendicular to the first plane; a three-dimensional camera scanning system for scanning a majority of the foot, the scanning system including a front foot scanning assembly, an underfoot scanning assembly for covering at least an arch portion of the foot, and a rear foot scanning assembly. 2. The foot scanner of claim 1, wherein at least one of the underfoot and rear scanning assemblies is connected with the rear foot support. 3. The foot scanner of claim 1, wherein at least one of the platform and rear foot support has a weight sensor. 4. The foot scanner of claim 3, wherein both of the platform and rear foot support have a weight sensor. 5. The foot scanner of claim 1, wherein the heel support has positioning concavity. 6. The foot scanner of claim 5, wherein the heel support has positioning concavity equal to or above a heel seat plane of the heel support. 7. The foot scanner of claim 5, wherein the heel support has positioning concavity below a heel seat plane of the heel support. 8. The foot scanner of claim 1, wherein the heel support is adjustable. 9. The foot scanner of claim 8, wherein the heel support is automatically adjustable. 10. The foot scanner of claim 8, wherein the heel support is adjustable as a function of a variable selected from the group consisting of shoe length size, shoe width size, designated shoe material, shoe wearer total weight, weight force on the platform, weight force on the rear foot support, ratio of weight force on platform versus weight force on the rear foot support, heel height of the rear foot support, heel support positioning concavity, and heel support positioning concavity in relationship to a heel seat plane. 11. The foot scanner of claim 1, further comprising a weight force sensor for a foot not being scanned to aid in determining proper weight force distribution between the foot being scanned and the foot not being scanned. 12. The foot scanner of claim 1, further comprising a programmed user interface. 13. The foot scanner of claim 1, further comprising at least one target to align at least one camera. 14. A method of utilizing the foot scanner of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
confirming the proper weight force distribution between the foot being scanned and the foot not being scanned; and initiating scanning of the foot. 15. A method of utilizing the foot scanner of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
confirming the proper weight force distribution between the platform and the rear foot support; and initiating scanning of the foot. 16. A method of utilizing the foot scanner of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
allowing the heel support to assume a natural position; and initiating scanning of the foot. 17. A method of utilizing the foot scanner of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
defining a desired heel support angle using a variable selected from the group consisting of shoe length size, shoe width size, designated shoe material, shoe wearer total weight, weight force on the platform, weight force on the rear foot support, ratio of weight force on platform versus weight force on the rear foot support, heel height of the rear foot support, heel support positioning concavity, and heel support positioning concavity in relationship to a heel seat plane; adjusting the heel support to the desired angle; and initiating scanning of the foot. 18. The method of utilizing the foot scanner of claim 2, comprising the steps of:
first confirming the proper weight force distribution between the platform and the rear foot support; and initiating scanning of the foot. 19. An adjustable inclined foot scanner comprising:
a frame having a raised platform; a height adjustable rear foot support with a pivotal heel support connected to the rear foot support, wherein the height adjustable rear foot support is offset from the raised platform; two or more camera devices capable of utilizing a method incorporating an algorithm for initializing a three-dimensional scan and data capture, wherein the algorithm is capable of arranging the captured data in a manner specific to the method such that the three-dimensional scan covers a majority of the foot including the arch; one or more camera sub-assemblies connected to the rear foot support, wherein the one or more sub-assemblies each include at least one camera and one or more paths for the horizontal and vertical translation of the rear foot support in relation to the raised platform; and a user interface for triggering the data capture method. 20. (canceled) 21. An adjustable inclined foot scanner comprising:
a frame having a connected platform; a positionally adjustable rear foot support connected to the frame and movable with respect to the platform in a first plane about a vertical axis and a horizontal axis; a heel support pivotally mounted on the rear foot support along a pivotal axis perpendicular to the first plane; a three-dimensional camera scanning system for scanning at least a portion of the foot, the scanning system including a front foot scanning assembly, an underfoot scanning assembly for covering at least an arch portion of the foot, and a rear foot scanning assembly. | 2,400 |
340,689 | 16,642,165 | 2,482 | Disclosed is a negative electrode active material which includes: a silicon oxide composite including i) Si, ii) a silicon oxide represented by SiOx (0<x≤2), and iii) magnesium silicate containing Si and Mg; and a carbon coating layer positioned on the surface of the silicon oxide composite and including a carbonaceous material, wherein X-ray diffractometry of the negative electrode active material shows peaks of Mg2SiO4 and MgSiO3 at the same time and shows no peak of MgO; and the ratio of peak intensity, I (Mg2SiO4)/I (MgSiO3), which is intensity I (Mg2SiO4) of peaks that belong to Mg2SiO4 to intensity I (MgSiO3) of peaks that belong to MgSiO3 is smaller than 1, the peaks that belong to Mg2SiO4 are observed at 2θ=32.2±0.2°, and the peaks that belong to MgSiO3 are observed at 2θ=30.9±0.2°. | 1. A negative electrode active material comprising: a silicon oxide composite comprising
i) Si, ii) a silicon oxide represented by SiOx (0<x≤2), and iii) a magnesium silicate containing Si and Mg; and a carbon coating layer disposed on a surface of the silicon oxide composite and comprising a carbonaceous material, wherein X-ray diffractometry of the negative electrode active material includes peaks associated with Mg2SiO4 and MgSiO3 at the same time and no peak associated with MgO, a ratio of peak intensity, I (Mg2SiO4)/I (MgSiO3), is smaller than 1 wherein I (Mg2SO4) is an intensity of peaks associated with Mg2SiO4, and I (MgSiO3) is an intensity of peaks associated with MgSiO3, at least one of the peaks associated with Mg2SiO4 is observed at 2θ=32.2±0.2°, and at least one of the peaks associated with MgSiO3 is observed at 2θ=30.9±0.2°, and a water content of the negative electrode active material is less than 200 ppm as determined by the Karl-Fischer method at 250° C. 2. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1, wherein the carbon coating layer is present in an amount of 2.5-10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the silicon oxide composite. 3. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1, wherein Mg is present in an amount of 4-16 wt % based on 100 wt % of the silicon oxide composite. 4. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1, wherein an average particle diameter (D50) of the silicon oxide composite powder is 0.1-20 μm. 5. A method for preparing the negative electrode active material according to claim 1, comprising:
carrying out a reaction of SiOx (0<x<2) gas with Mg gas, cooling the reaction mixture at 400-900° C. and depositing a silicon oxide composite; pulverizing the deposited silicon oxide composite; and injecting a carbonaceous material gas into the pulverized silicon oxide composite and carrying out a heat treatment at 800-1,150° C. for 30 minutes to 8 hours to form a carbonaceous material-containing coating layer on a surface of the silicon oxide composite. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the SiOx (0<x<2) gas is prepared by evaporating a mixture of Si and SiO2 at 1,000-1,800° C., and the Mg gas is prepared by evaporating Mg at 800-1,600° C. 7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the reaction of the SiOx (0<x<2) gas with the Mg gas is carried out at 800-1,800° C. 8. The method according to claim 5, wherein, in injecting a carbonaceous material gas, the carbonaceous material gas is injected to the pulverized silicon oxide composite, and then the heat treatment is carried out at 900-1,050° C. 9. A negative electrode comprising:
a negative electrode current collector; and a negative electrode active material layer comprising the negative electrode active material according to claim 1, disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector. 10. A lithium secondary battery comprising the negative electrode as defined in claim 9. 11. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of peak intensity, I (Mg2SiO4)/I (MgSiO3), is from 0.1 to 0.9. 12. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of peak intensity, I (Mg2SiO4)/I (MgSiO3), is from 0.2 to 0.7. 13. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1, wherein the carbon coating layer is present in an amount of 2.5-7 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the silicon oxide composite. 14. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1, wherein the carbon coating layer is present in an amount of 3-5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the silicon oxide composite. 15. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1, wherein Mg is present in an amount of 4-10 wt % based on 100 wt % of the silicon oxide composite. 16. The method according to claim 5, wherein the reaction mixture is cooled at 500-800 ° C. 17. The method according to claim 5, wherein the cooling is conducted for 1-6 hours. 18. The method according to claim 5, wherein the heat treatment is conducted at 900-1,050° C. to form the carbonaceous material-containing coating layer. 19. The method according to claim 5, wherein the heat treatment is conducted at 950-1,000° C. to form the carbonaceous material-containing coating layer. 20. The method according to claim 5, wherein the heat treatment is conducted at a rate of 3-10° C./min to form the carbonaceous material-containing coating layer. | Disclosed is a negative electrode active material which includes: a silicon oxide composite including i) Si, ii) a silicon oxide represented by SiOx (0<x≤2), and iii) magnesium silicate containing Si and Mg; and a carbon coating layer positioned on the surface of the silicon oxide composite and including a carbonaceous material, wherein X-ray diffractometry of the negative electrode active material shows peaks of Mg2SiO4 and MgSiO3 at the same time and shows no peak of MgO; and the ratio of peak intensity, I (Mg2SiO4)/I (MgSiO3), which is intensity I (Mg2SiO4) of peaks that belong to Mg2SiO4 to intensity I (MgSiO3) of peaks that belong to MgSiO3 is smaller than 1, the peaks that belong to Mg2SiO4 are observed at 2θ=32.2±0.2°, and the peaks that belong to MgSiO3 are observed at 2θ=30.9±0.2°.1. A negative electrode active material comprising: a silicon oxide composite comprising
i) Si, ii) a silicon oxide represented by SiOx (0<x≤2), and iii) a magnesium silicate containing Si and Mg; and a carbon coating layer disposed on a surface of the silicon oxide composite and comprising a carbonaceous material, wherein X-ray diffractometry of the negative electrode active material includes peaks associated with Mg2SiO4 and MgSiO3 at the same time and no peak associated with MgO, a ratio of peak intensity, I (Mg2SiO4)/I (MgSiO3), is smaller than 1 wherein I (Mg2SO4) is an intensity of peaks associated with Mg2SiO4, and I (MgSiO3) is an intensity of peaks associated with MgSiO3, at least one of the peaks associated with Mg2SiO4 is observed at 2θ=32.2±0.2°, and at least one of the peaks associated with MgSiO3 is observed at 2θ=30.9±0.2°, and a water content of the negative electrode active material is less than 200 ppm as determined by the Karl-Fischer method at 250° C. 2. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1, wherein the carbon coating layer is present in an amount of 2.5-10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the silicon oxide composite. 3. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1, wherein Mg is present in an amount of 4-16 wt % based on 100 wt % of the silicon oxide composite. 4. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1, wherein an average particle diameter (D50) of the silicon oxide composite powder is 0.1-20 μm. 5. A method for preparing the negative electrode active material according to claim 1, comprising:
carrying out a reaction of SiOx (0<x<2) gas with Mg gas, cooling the reaction mixture at 400-900° C. and depositing a silicon oxide composite; pulverizing the deposited silicon oxide composite; and injecting a carbonaceous material gas into the pulverized silicon oxide composite and carrying out a heat treatment at 800-1,150° C. for 30 minutes to 8 hours to form a carbonaceous material-containing coating layer on a surface of the silicon oxide composite. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the SiOx (0<x<2) gas is prepared by evaporating a mixture of Si and SiO2 at 1,000-1,800° C., and the Mg gas is prepared by evaporating Mg at 800-1,600° C. 7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the reaction of the SiOx (0<x<2) gas with the Mg gas is carried out at 800-1,800° C. 8. The method according to claim 5, wherein, in injecting a carbonaceous material gas, the carbonaceous material gas is injected to the pulverized silicon oxide composite, and then the heat treatment is carried out at 900-1,050° C. 9. A negative electrode comprising:
a negative electrode current collector; and a negative electrode active material layer comprising the negative electrode active material according to claim 1, disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector. 10. A lithium secondary battery comprising the negative electrode as defined in claim 9. 11. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of peak intensity, I (Mg2SiO4)/I (MgSiO3), is from 0.1 to 0.9. 12. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of peak intensity, I (Mg2SiO4)/I (MgSiO3), is from 0.2 to 0.7. 13. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1, wherein the carbon coating layer is present in an amount of 2.5-7 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the silicon oxide composite. 14. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1, wherein the carbon coating layer is present in an amount of 3-5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the silicon oxide composite. 15. The negative electrode active material according to claim 1, wherein Mg is present in an amount of 4-10 wt % based on 100 wt % of the silicon oxide composite. 16. The method according to claim 5, wherein the reaction mixture is cooled at 500-800 ° C. 17. The method according to claim 5, wherein the cooling is conducted for 1-6 hours. 18. The method according to claim 5, wherein the heat treatment is conducted at 900-1,050° C. to form the carbonaceous material-containing coating layer. 19. The method according to claim 5, wherein the heat treatment is conducted at 950-1,000° C. to form the carbonaceous material-containing coating layer. 20. The method according to claim 5, wherein the heat treatment is conducted at a rate of 3-10° C./min to form the carbonaceous material-containing coating layer. | 2,400 |
340,690 | 16,642,143 | 2,482 | Systems and methods for isomerizing n-butane to form isobutane are disclosed. A segmented reactor system is used to isomerize n-butane. The segmented reactor system comprises a segmented reactor that includes a first catalyst bed and a second catalyst bed separated by a first heat exchanger. The catalyst in the first catalyst bed does not contact the catalyst in the second catalyst bed. During the exothermic process of isomerizing n-butane, the first heat exchanger extracts heat from an intermediate product flowing from the first catalyst bed to the second catalyst bed to improve the conversion rate of n-butane. | 1. A method of isomerizing n-butane to form isobutane, the method comprising:
flowing a feed stream comprising n-butane to a reactor, the reactor comprising:
a first catalyst bed and a second catalyst bed, wherein the first catalyst bed and the second catalyst bed are separate so that catalyst in the first catalyst bed does not contact catalyst in the second catalyst bed; and
a heat exchanger disposed between the first catalyst bed and the second catalyst bed;
isomerizing, in the first catalyst bed, at least some of the n-butane in the feed stream to form a first amount of isobutane; flowing an intermediate product comprising the first amount of isobutane from the first catalyst bed to the heat exchanger; cooling, by the heat exchanger, the intermediate product to form cooled intermediate product; flowing the cooled intermediate product to the second catalyst bed; isomerizing, in the second catalyst bed, at least some n-butane, if any, in the cooled intermediate product to form a second amount of isobutane; and flowing a product stream comprising the first amount of isobutane and the second amount of isobutane from the second catalyst bed. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
heating the feed stream comprising n-butane with a heat exchange medium before flowing the feed stream to the reactor. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the feed stream is heated to a temperature in a range of 120° C. to 190° C. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the feed stream comprises 0.1 to 100 wt. % n-butane, 0 to 4 wt. % isobutane, 0 to 10 wt. % of hydrogen, and 0 to 1 wt. % of C5+ hydrocarbons. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first catalyst bed and the second catalyst bed are fixed beds. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger in the reactor is a coiled heat exchanger. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger comprises a tubular-coiled steam heat exchange system. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the cooling by the heat exchanger reduces the temperature of the intermediate product by between 15° C. and 45° C. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of Zeolite Socony Mobil-5, platinum/SO4 2−—ZrO2, palladium/SO4 2−—ZrO2, H3PW12O40, and combinations thereof. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the isomerizing in the first catalyst bed and the isomerizing in the second catalyst bed are at a pressure in a range of 25 bar to 32 bar. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the feed stream has a liquid hourly space velocity in a range of 0.5 h−1 to 2.0 h−1. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein a conversion rate of n-butane from the product stream is in a range of 32% to 67%. 13. A segmented reactor system comprising:
a segmented reactor comprising:
a first catalyst bed and a second catalyst bed, wherein the first catalyst bed and the second catalyst bed are separate so that catalyst in the first catalyst bed does not contact catalyst in the second catalyst bed;
a first heat exchanger disposed between the first catalyst bed and the second catalyst bed; and
a reactor housing comprising:
a shell configured to enclose the first catalyst bed, the second catalyst bed and the first heat exchanger;
a reactor inlet for flowing a feed stream in the segmented reactor; and
a reactor outlet for flowing a product stream from the segmented reactor. 14. The segmented reactor system of claim 13, further comprising a second heat exchanger in fluid communication with the reactor inlet, configured to heat a feed stream before flowing the feed stream to the reactor. 15. The segmented reactor system of claim 14 wherein the first heat exchanger comprises:
a first medium inlet for heat exchange medium in fluid communication with a second medium outlet of the second heat exchanger; and
a first medium outlet for heat exchange medium in fluid communication with a second inlet of the second heat exchanger. 16. The segmented reactor system of claim 13, further comprising a charge heater in fluid communication with the second heat exchanger and the reactor inlet of the reactor housing, wherein the charge heater is configured to heat the feed stream until the feed stream is substantially fully vaporized. 17. The segmented reactor system of claim 13, wherein the segmented reactor is an axial flow reactor. 18. The segmented reactor system of claim 13, wherein the first catalyst bed and the second catalyst bed are fixed beds. 19. The segmented reactor system of claim 13, wherein the first heat exchanger comprises a coiled heat exchanger. 20. The segmented reactor system of claim 19, wherein the first heat exchanger includes a tubular-coiled steam heat exchange system. | Systems and methods for isomerizing n-butane to form isobutane are disclosed. A segmented reactor system is used to isomerize n-butane. The segmented reactor system comprises a segmented reactor that includes a first catalyst bed and a second catalyst bed separated by a first heat exchanger. The catalyst in the first catalyst bed does not contact the catalyst in the second catalyst bed. During the exothermic process of isomerizing n-butane, the first heat exchanger extracts heat from an intermediate product flowing from the first catalyst bed to the second catalyst bed to improve the conversion rate of n-butane.1. A method of isomerizing n-butane to form isobutane, the method comprising:
flowing a feed stream comprising n-butane to a reactor, the reactor comprising:
a first catalyst bed and a second catalyst bed, wherein the first catalyst bed and the second catalyst bed are separate so that catalyst in the first catalyst bed does not contact catalyst in the second catalyst bed; and
a heat exchanger disposed between the first catalyst bed and the second catalyst bed;
isomerizing, in the first catalyst bed, at least some of the n-butane in the feed stream to form a first amount of isobutane; flowing an intermediate product comprising the first amount of isobutane from the first catalyst bed to the heat exchanger; cooling, by the heat exchanger, the intermediate product to form cooled intermediate product; flowing the cooled intermediate product to the second catalyst bed; isomerizing, in the second catalyst bed, at least some n-butane, if any, in the cooled intermediate product to form a second amount of isobutane; and flowing a product stream comprising the first amount of isobutane and the second amount of isobutane from the second catalyst bed. 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
heating the feed stream comprising n-butane with a heat exchange medium before flowing the feed stream to the reactor. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the feed stream is heated to a temperature in a range of 120° C. to 190° C. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the feed stream comprises 0.1 to 100 wt. % n-butane, 0 to 4 wt. % isobutane, 0 to 10 wt. % of hydrogen, and 0 to 1 wt. % of C5+ hydrocarbons. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first catalyst bed and the second catalyst bed are fixed beds. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger in the reactor is a coiled heat exchanger. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger comprises a tubular-coiled steam heat exchange system. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the cooling by the heat exchanger reduces the temperature of the intermediate product by between 15° C. and 45° C. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of Zeolite Socony Mobil-5, platinum/SO4 2−—ZrO2, palladium/SO4 2−—ZrO2, H3PW12O40, and combinations thereof. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the isomerizing in the first catalyst bed and the isomerizing in the second catalyst bed are at a pressure in a range of 25 bar to 32 bar. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the feed stream has a liquid hourly space velocity in a range of 0.5 h−1 to 2.0 h−1. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein a conversion rate of n-butane from the product stream is in a range of 32% to 67%. 13. A segmented reactor system comprising:
a segmented reactor comprising:
a first catalyst bed and a second catalyst bed, wherein the first catalyst bed and the second catalyst bed are separate so that catalyst in the first catalyst bed does not contact catalyst in the second catalyst bed;
a first heat exchanger disposed between the first catalyst bed and the second catalyst bed; and
a reactor housing comprising:
a shell configured to enclose the first catalyst bed, the second catalyst bed and the first heat exchanger;
a reactor inlet for flowing a feed stream in the segmented reactor; and
a reactor outlet for flowing a product stream from the segmented reactor. 14. The segmented reactor system of claim 13, further comprising a second heat exchanger in fluid communication with the reactor inlet, configured to heat a feed stream before flowing the feed stream to the reactor. 15. The segmented reactor system of claim 14 wherein the first heat exchanger comprises:
a first medium inlet for heat exchange medium in fluid communication with a second medium outlet of the second heat exchanger; and
a first medium outlet for heat exchange medium in fluid communication with a second inlet of the second heat exchanger. 16. The segmented reactor system of claim 13, further comprising a charge heater in fluid communication with the second heat exchanger and the reactor inlet of the reactor housing, wherein the charge heater is configured to heat the feed stream until the feed stream is substantially fully vaporized. 17. The segmented reactor system of claim 13, wherein the segmented reactor is an axial flow reactor. 18. The segmented reactor system of claim 13, wherein the first catalyst bed and the second catalyst bed are fixed beds. 19. The segmented reactor system of claim 13, wherein the first heat exchanger comprises a coiled heat exchanger. 20. The segmented reactor system of claim 19, wherein the first heat exchanger includes a tubular-coiled steam heat exchange system. | 2,400 |
340,691 | 16,642,176 | 2,482 | A solid or semi-solid water-in-oil type emulsion cosmetic has a hardness that can be balm-like, the cosmetic has an excellent moisturizing effect, exhibiting upon use a unique sensation of blending as if melting when applied to skin, and is capable of stably incorporating a water-soluble or hydrophilic drug. A water-in-oil type emulsion cosmetic contains: (A) an organically modified clay mineral; (B) a surfactant having an HLB of no more than 6; (C) a wax; (D) a silicone elastomer; (E) a volatile oil; and (F) water. | 1. A water-in-oil emulsified cosmetic, comprising:
(A) an organically modified clay mineral; (B) a surfactant having an HLB of 6 or less; (C) a wax; (D) a silicone elastomer; (E) a volatile oil; and (F) water. 2. The cosmetic, according to claim 1, wherein:
a ratio between of an amount of said volatile oil (E) and an amount of said wax (C), that is ([(E)/(C)]), is at most 50 or less. 3. The cosmetic, according to claim 1, further comprising:
at least one powder component selected from a group consisting of a silicone resin powder and a polymethyl methacrylate powder. 4. The cosmetic, according to claim 1, wherein:
said cosmetic is provided in at least a form selected from a group consisting of a solid form having a hardness of 5 to 200 and a semisolid form having a hardness of 5 to 200. | A solid or semi-solid water-in-oil type emulsion cosmetic has a hardness that can be balm-like, the cosmetic has an excellent moisturizing effect, exhibiting upon use a unique sensation of blending as if melting when applied to skin, and is capable of stably incorporating a water-soluble or hydrophilic drug. A water-in-oil type emulsion cosmetic contains: (A) an organically modified clay mineral; (B) a surfactant having an HLB of no more than 6; (C) a wax; (D) a silicone elastomer; (E) a volatile oil; and (F) water.1. A water-in-oil emulsified cosmetic, comprising:
(A) an organically modified clay mineral; (B) a surfactant having an HLB of 6 or less; (C) a wax; (D) a silicone elastomer; (E) a volatile oil; and (F) water. 2. The cosmetic, according to claim 1, wherein:
a ratio between of an amount of said volatile oil (E) and an amount of said wax (C), that is ([(E)/(C)]), is at most 50 or less. 3. The cosmetic, according to claim 1, further comprising:
at least one powder component selected from a group consisting of a silicone resin powder and a polymethyl methacrylate powder. 4. The cosmetic, according to claim 1, wherein:
said cosmetic is provided in at least a form selected from a group consisting of a solid form having a hardness of 5 to 200 and a semisolid form having a hardness of 5 to 200. | 2,400 |
340,692 | 16,642,156 | 2,482 | A base substrate, comprising a first base layer and an electrostatic resistant layer, the first base layer and the electrostatic resistant layer being provided in a stacked manner. | 1. A base substrate, comprising a first base layer and an electrostatic resistant layer that are disposed in a stack. 2. The base substrate according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of the first base layer is greater than a thickness of the electrostatic resistant layer. 3. The base substrate according to claim 1, wherein the electrostatic resistant layer includes:
a second base layer; and an electrostatic resistant material dispersed in the second base layer. 4. The base substrate according to claim 3, wherein
the electrostatic resistant material includes at least one of a conductive material or an antistatic material; or the electrostatic resistant material is a light-transmitting electrostatic resistant material; or the electrostatic resistant material is a light-transmitting electrostatic resistant material, and the light-transmitting electrostatic resistant material includes at least one of a conductive material or an antistatic material. 5. (canceled) 6. A method for manufacturing a base substrate, comprising:
providing a base material and an electrostatic resistant material; and forming a first base layer by using at least a portion of the base material, and forming an electrostatic resistant layer at least by using the electrostatic resistant material, so that the electrostatic resistant layer and the first base layer are stacked on one another to obtain a base substrate. 7. The method for manufacturing the base substrate according to claim 6, wherein providing the base material and the electrostatic resistant material, includes:
melting the base material, and dividing the base material melted into a first part of the base material melt and a second part of the base material melt; and adding the electrostatic resistant material into the second part of the base material melt to obtain the second part of the base material melt containing the electrostatic resistant material; and forming the first base layer by using at least a portion of the base material, and forming the electrostatic resistant layer at least by using the electrostatic resistant material, includes: forming the first base layer by using the first part of the base material melt, and forming the electrostatic resistant layer by using the second part of the base material melt containing the electrostatic resistant material. 8. The method for manufacturing the base substrate according to claim 7, wherein forming the first base layer by using the first part of the base material melt, and forming the electrostatic resistant layer by using the second part of the base material melt containing the electrostatic resistant material, includes:
transferring the first part of the base material melt into a first overflow groove of a substrate forming mold through a first flow dividing pipe; transferring the second part of the base material melt containing the electrostatic resistant material into a second overflow groove of the substrate forming mold through a second flow dividing pipe; and forming, by the first part of the base material melt, the first base layer in a manner of overflowing from the first overflow groove, and forming, by the second part of the base material melt containing the electrostatic resistant material, the electrostatic resistant layer that is in contact with the first base layer in a manner of overflowing from the second overflow groove. 9. The method for manufacturing the base substrate according to claim 8, wherein a volume flow rate at which the first part of the base material melt overflows from the first overflow groove is greater than a volume flow rate at which the second part of the base material melt containing the electrostatic resistant material overflows from the second overflow groove. 10. The method for manufacturing the base substrate according to claim 8, further comprising at least one of the following:
before forming, by the first part of the base material melt, the first base layer in the manner of overflowing from the first overflow groove, controlling a temperature of a groove wall of the first overflow groove to be less than a temperature of the first part of the base material melt; or before forming, by the second part of the base material melt containing the electrostatic resistant material. the electrostatic resistant layer that is in contact with the first base layer in the manner of overflowing from the second overflow groove, controlling a temperature of a groove wall of the second overflow groove to be less than a temperature of the second part of the base material melt containing the electrostatic resistant material. 11. (canceled) 12. An apparatus for manufacturing a base substrate that is configured to manufacture the base substrate according to claim 1, the apparatus for manufacturing the base substrate comprising:
a first flow dividing pipe; a second flow dividing pipe; and a substrate forming mold that is respectively communicated with the first flow dividing pipe and the second flow dividing pipe. 13. The apparatus for manufacturing the base substrate according to claim 12, wherein the substrate forming mold includes a mold body and a partition plate; wherein
at least a portion of the partition plate is disposed in a space inside the mold body; the mold body includes a first overflow groove and a second overflow groove that are separated by the portion of the partition plate disposed in the space inside the mold body; and an inlet of the first overflow groove is communicated with an outlet of the first flow dividing pipe, and an inlet of the second overflow groove is communicated with an outlet of the second flow dividing pipe 14. The apparatus for manufacturing the base substrate according to claim 13, wherein an overflow outlet of the first overflow groove and an overflow outlet of the second overflow groove are in a same plane, and an end of the partition plate protrudes over the plane. 15. The apparatus for manufacturing the base substrate according to claim 12, further comprising a main pipe and a material feeding port communicated with the main pipe. wherein an outlet of the main pipe is respectively communicated with an inlet of the first flow dividing pipe and an inlet of the second flow dividing pipe. 16. The apparatus for manufacturing the base substrate according to claim 15, further comprising at least one of the following:
a material mixing port communicated with the second flow dividing pipe; or a heater configured to heat the main pipe. 17. (canceled) 18. The apparatus for manufacturing the base substrate according to claim 13, further comprising:
a first temperature control unit connected with a groove wall of the first overflow groove, and a second temperature control unit connected with a groove wall of the second overflow groove. 19. The apparatus for manufacturing the base substrate according to claim 12, further comprising:
a first flow regulating valve communicated with the first flow dividing pipe, and a second flow regulating valve communicated with the second flow dividing pipe. 20. A display substrate, comprising the base substrate according to claim 1. 21. The display substrate according to claim 20, further comprising at least one functional film layer disposed at a side of the first base layer away from the electrostatic resistant layer in the base substrate. 22. A display device, comprising the display substrate according to claim 20. 23. The base substrate according to claim 3, therein the first base layer and the second base layer are made of a same material. | A base substrate, comprising a first base layer and an electrostatic resistant layer, the first base layer and the electrostatic resistant layer being provided in a stacked manner.1. A base substrate, comprising a first base layer and an electrostatic resistant layer that are disposed in a stack. 2. The base substrate according to claim 1, wherein a thickness of the first base layer is greater than a thickness of the electrostatic resistant layer. 3. The base substrate according to claim 1, wherein the electrostatic resistant layer includes:
a second base layer; and an electrostatic resistant material dispersed in the second base layer. 4. The base substrate according to claim 3, wherein
the electrostatic resistant material includes at least one of a conductive material or an antistatic material; or the electrostatic resistant material is a light-transmitting electrostatic resistant material; or the electrostatic resistant material is a light-transmitting electrostatic resistant material, and the light-transmitting electrostatic resistant material includes at least one of a conductive material or an antistatic material. 5. (canceled) 6. A method for manufacturing a base substrate, comprising:
providing a base material and an electrostatic resistant material; and forming a first base layer by using at least a portion of the base material, and forming an electrostatic resistant layer at least by using the electrostatic resistant material, so that the electrostatic resistant layer and the first base layer are stacked on one another to obtain a base substrate. 7. The method for manufacturing the base substrate according to claim 6, wherein providing the base material and the electrostatic resistant material, includes:
melting the base material, and dividing the base material melted into a first part of the base material melt and a second part of the base material melt; and adding the electrostatic resistant material into the second part of the base material melt to obtain the second part of the base material melt containing the electrostatic resistant material; and forming the first base layer by using at least a portion of the base material, and forming the electrostatic resistant layer at least by using the electrostatic resistant material, includes: forming the first base layer by using the first part of the base material melt, and forming the electrostatic resistant layer by using the second part of the base material melt containing the electrostatic resistant material. 8. The method for manufacturing the base substrate according to claim 7, wherein forming the first base layer by using the first part of the base material melt, and forming the electrostatic resistant layer by using the second part of the base material melt containing the electrostatic resistant material, includes:
transferring the first part of the base material melt into a first overflow groove of a substrate forming mold through a first flow dividing pipe; transferring the second part of the base material melt containing the electrostatic resistant material into a second overflow groove of the substrate forming mold through a second flow dividing pipe; and forming, by the first part of the base material melt, the first base layer in a manner of overflowing from the first overflow groove, and forming, by the second part of the base material melt containing the electrostatic resistant material, the electrostatic resistant layer that is in contact with the first base layer in a manner of overflowing from the second overflow groove. 9. The method for manufacturing the base substrate according to claim 8, wherein a volume flow rate at which the first part of the base material melt overflows from the first overflow groove is greater than a volume flow rate at which the second part of the base material melt containing the electrostatic resistant material overflows from the second overflow groove. 10. The method for manufacturing the base substrate according to claim 8, further comprising at least one of the following:
before forming, by the first part of the base material melt, the first base layer in the manner of overflowing from the first overflow groove, controlling a temperature of a groove wall of the first overflow groove to be less than a temperature of the first part of the base material melt; or before forming, by the second part of the base material melt containing the electrostatic resistant material. the electrostatic resistant layer that is in contact with the first base layer in the manner of overflowing from the second overflow groove, controlling a temperature of a groove wall of the second overflow groove to be less than a temperature of the second part of the base material melt containing the electrostatic resistant material. 11. (canceled) 12. An apparatus for manufacturing a base substrate that is configured to manufacture the base substrate according to claim 1, the apparatus for manufacturing the base substrate comprising:
a first flow dividing pipe; a second flow dividing pipe; and a substrate forming mold that is respectively communicated with the first flow dividing pipe and the second flow dividing pipe. 13. The apparatus for manufacturing the base substrate according to claim 12, wherein the substrate forming mold includes a mold body and a partition plate; wherein
at least a portion of the partition plate is disposed in a space inside the mold body; the mold body includes a first overflow groove and a second overflow groove that are separated by the portion of the partition plate disposed in the space inside the mold body; and an inlet of the first overflow groove is communicated with an outlet of the first flow dividing pipe, and an inlet of the second overflow groove is communicated with an outlet of the second flow dividing pipe 14. The apparatus for manufacturing the base substrate according to claim 13, wherein an overflow outlet of the first overflow groove and an overflow outlet of the second overflow groove are in a same plane, and an end of the partition plate protrudes over the plane. 15. The apparatus for manufacturing the base substrate according to claim 12, further comprising a main pipe and a material feeding port communicated with the main pipe. wherein an outlet of the main pipe is respectively communicated with an inlet of the first flow dividing pipe and an inlet of the second flow dividing pipe. 16. The apparatus for manufacturing the base substrate according to claim 15, further comprising at least one of the following:
a material mixing port communicated with the second flow dividing pipe; or a heater configured to heat the main pipe. 17. (canceled) 18. The apparatus for manufacturing the base substrate according to claim 13, further comprising:
a first temperature control unit connected with a groove wall of the first overflow groove, and a second temperature control unit connected with a groove wall of the second overflow groove. 19. The apparatus for manufacturing the base substrate according to claim 12, further comprising:
a first flow regulating valve communicated with the first flow dividing pipe, and a second flow regulating valve communicated with the second flow dividing pipe. 20. A display substrate, comprising the base substrate according to claim 1. 21. The display substrate according to claim 20, further comprising at least one functional film layer disposed at a side of the first base layer away from the electrostatic resistant layer in the base substrate. 22. A display device, comprising the display substrate according to claim 20. 23. The base substrate according to claim 3, therein the first base layer and the second base layer are made of a same material. | 2,400 |
340,693 | 16,642,177 | 1,645 | A method of treating diaper rash in a subject is provided. A method of treating athlete's foot in a subject is provided. A method of treating contact dermatitis in a subject is provided. A method of treating perspiration and body odor in a subject is provided. The method comprises administering an effective amount of a preparation comprising ammonia oxidizing microorganisms to the subject, thereby treating the diaper rash, athlete's foot, contact dermatitis, or perspiration and body odor. Related preparations, kits, and devices are also provided. | 1. A method of treating diaper rash in a subject, comprising:
administering to the subject an effective amount of a preparation comprising ammonia oxidizing microorganisms (AOM), thereby treating the diaper rash. 2. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the diaper rash is associated with irritant dermatitis, candida dermatitis, allergic dermatitis, fungal dermatitis, or bacterial dermatitis. 3. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein treating the diaper rash comprises reducing dermatitis in the genital region, thigh, lower abdomen, and/or buttock of the subject. 4. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein treating the diaper rash reduces the incidence of at least one of: redness, soreness, irritation, itching, burning, bleeding, oozing, allergy, and swelling in the subject. 5. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a mild diaper rash prior to treatment. 6. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a moderate diaper rash prior to treatment. 7. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a severe diaper rash prior to treatment. 8. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject wears a diaper. 9. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is a newborn, infant, or toddler. 10. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is a child or adolescent. 11. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is an adult or senior. 12. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has sensitive skin and/or a history of diaper rash. 13. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered for prevention of diaper rash. 14. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered prior to onset of the diaper rash. 15. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered during incidence of the diaper rash. 16. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered subsequent to relief of the diaper rash. 17. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in response to a diaper rash symptom, trigger or warning sign, e.g. family history, diaper use, skin irritation, allergic reaction, or contact with urine and/or stool. 18. The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising determining whether the subject is in need of treatment for diaper rash. 19. A method of treating athlete's foot in a subject, comprising:
administering to the subject an effective amount of a preparation comprising ammonia oxidizing microorganisms (AOM), thereby treating the athlete's foot. 20. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the athlete's foot is associated with Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, a toe web infection, a moccasin type infection, a vesicular type infection, or onychomycosis. 21. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein treating the athlete's foot comprises reducing a fungal infection in the leg, foot, toe, and/or toe nail of the subject. 22. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein treating the athlete's foot reduces the incidence of at least one of: redness, drying, scaling, blisters, ulcers, soreness, irritation, itching, burning, bleeding, oozing, allergy, and swelling in the subject. 23. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a mild athlete's foot prior to treatment. 24. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a moderate athlete's foot prior to treatment. 25. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a severe athlete's foot prior to treatment. 26. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a history of fungal infections or an impaired immune system. 27. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject qualifies for chemotherapy, radiation therapy, an organ transplant, or an organ removal surgery. 28. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered prior to onset of the athlete's foot. 29. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered during incidence of the athlete's foot. 30. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered subsequent to relief of the athlete's foot. 31. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in response to an athlete's foot symptom, trigger or warning sign, e.g. exposure to warm and/or damp climates, alcohol and/or drug use and/or withdrawal, exposure to chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy, use of poorly ventilated footwear, or use of public or shared showers and/or locker rooms. 32. The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising determining whether the subject is in need of treatment for athlete's foot. 33. A method of treating perspiration in a subject, comprising:
administering to the subject an effective amount of a preparation comprising ammonia oxidizing microorganisms (AOM), thereby treating the perspiration. 34. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the perspiration is associated with focal hyperhidrosis or generalized hyperhidrosis. 35. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein treating the perspiration comprises reducing perspiration on the hands, feet, armpits, thighs, genital region, buttock, back, chest, or abdomen of the subject. 36. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein treating the perspiration reduces the incidence of at least one of: body odor, maceration, fungal infection, bacterial infection, warts, redness, irritation, itching, and swelling in the subject. 37. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a mild condition of perspiration prior to treatment. 38. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a moderate condition of perspiration prior to treatment. 39. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a severe condition of perspiration, e.g., excessive perspiration, prior to treatment. 40. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is exercising or in a hot environment. 41. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a history of perspiration. 42. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered prior to onset of the perspiration. 43. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered during incidence of the perspiration. 44. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered subsequent to relief of the perspiration. 45. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in response to a perspiration symptom, trigger or warning sign, e.g. family history, body odor, body type, exercise, stress, anxiety, diet, or alcohol and/or drug use. 46. A method of treating body odor in a subject, comprising:
administering to the subject an effective amount of a preparation comprising ammonia oxidizing microorganisms (AOM), thereby treating the body odor. 47. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the body odor is associated with perspiration, diet, alcohol use, drug use, or composition of skin flora e.g., Corynebacterium, Propionibacterium, Staphylococcus hominis, and Staphylococcus epidermis. 48. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein treating the body odor comprises reducing perspiration on the hands, feet, armpits, thighs, genital region, buttock, back, chest, or abdomen of the subject. 49. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein treating the body odor reduces the incidence of at least one of: perspiration, stress, anxiety, redness, irritation, itching, and swelling in the subject. 50. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a mild condition of body odor prior to treatment. 51. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a moderate condition of body odor prior to treatment. 52. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a severe condition of body odor prior to treatment. 53. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is obese or overweight. 54. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a history of body odor. 55. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered prior to onset of the body odor. 56. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered during incidence of the body odor. 57. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered subsequent to relief of the body odor. 58. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in response to a body odor symptom, trigger or warning sign, e.g. family history, perspiration, body type, exercise, stress, anxiety, diet, or alcohol and/or drug use. 59. The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising determining whether the subject is in need of treatment for perspiration. 60. The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising determining whether the subject is in need of treatment for body odor. 61. A method of treating contact dermatitis in a subject, comprising:
administering to the subject an effective amount of a preparation comprising ammonia oxidizing microorganisms (AOM), thereby treating the contact dermatitis. 62. A method of treating occupational contact dermatitis or occupational dermatitis in a subject, comprising:
administering to the subject an effective amount of a preparation comprising ammonia oxidizing microorganisms (AOM), thereby treating the occupational contact dermatitis or occupational dermatitis. 63. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the contact dermatitis is associated with a source of an irritant, a non-irritant, or an allergen. 64. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein treating the contact dermatitis comprises at least one of: reducing rash, inflammation, sensitivity, burning, and/or itch in the subject. 65. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein treating the contact dermatitis reduces the incidence of at least one of: redness, blister, fissure, hive, itching, peeling, swelling, or ulcer in the subject. 66. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has mild contact dermatitis prior to treatment. 67. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has moderate or severe contact dermatitis prior to treatment. 68. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject wears, e.g., routinely wears, latex gloves, makeup, jewelry, dermal adhesive, or products held with dermal adhesive, e.g., a bandage. 69. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has sensitive skin and/or a history of contact dermatitis. 70. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered prior to onset of contact dermatitis. 71. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered during incidence of the contact dermatitis. 72. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered subsequent to relief of the contact dermatitis. 73. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in response to a contact dermatitis symptom, trigger or warning sign, e.g. skin irritation, allergic reaction, or contact with soap, detergent, chemical, cosmetic, fragrance, or jewelry. 74. The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising determining whether the subject is in need of treatment for contact dermatitis. 75. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered within 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, or 180 minutes of the subject waking from sleep. 76. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered within 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, or 180 minutes prior to the subject sleeping. 77. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered within 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, or 180 minutes of the subject eating. 78. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, or 180 minutes before or after the subject cleanses or showers. 79. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, or 180 minutes before or after application or removal of a diaper. 80. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered concurrently with application or removal of a diaper. 81. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, or 180 minutes before or after application or removal of footwear. 82. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered concurrently with the application or removal of footwear. 83. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, or 180 minutes before or after application or removal of a glove, jewelry, or makeup. 84. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered concurrently with the application or removal of a glove, jewelry, or makeup. 85. The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising administering a second amount of the preparation to the subject. 86. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered topically. 87. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered to the body of the subject, e.g., to one or more of the face, neck, scalp, limb, hand, foot, back, buttock, torso, genitals, and chest of the subject. 88. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered to the body of the subject, e.g., to one or more of the face, neck, scalp, limb, hand, foot, back, buttock, torso, genitals, and chest of the subject. 89. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered to the body of the subject, e.g., to one or more of the face, neck, scalp, limb, hand, foot, back, buttock, torso, genitals, perineum, abdomen, and chest of the subject. 90. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered intranasally. 91. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered via inhalation. 92. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered as a spray, aerosol, or mist. 93. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered as part of a combination therapy. 94. The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising administering a second treatment in combination with the preparation. 95. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered for a period of time prior to initiating the second treatment. 96. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered concurrently with the second treatment. 97. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered for a period of time subsequent to ceasing the second treatment. 98. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in combination with an antifungal agent, a steroid, e.g., topical or oral steroid, e.g., hydrocortisone, or an anti-histamine. 99. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in combination with a zinc oxide, petroleum, petrolatum, paraffin, dimethicone, or lanolin. 100. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in combination with a steroid, e.g., topical or oral steroid, e.g., hydrocortisone, an anti-histamine, or aluminum subacetate. 101. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in combination with an antifungal agent, e.g., ketoconazole, clotrimazole, miconazole, terbinafine, tolnaftate, butenafine, naftifine, fluconazole, or itraconazole, or an antibiotic agent. 102. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in combination with an anti-itch lotion, cold compress, lanolin, sunscreen, moisturizer, barrier cream, or avobenzone. 103. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in combination with a steroid, antibiotic, topical antiseptic, antihistamine, anesthetic, depigmenting agent, or antifungal agent. 104. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in combination with an anti-anxiety or an antidepressant. 105. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in combination with an antiperspirant (e.g., aluminum salt), a deodorant, iontophoresis therapy, botulinum toxin A, or an anticholinergic agent. 106. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in conjunction with nitrite, nitrate, and/or NO, e.g., inhaled NO. 107. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the second treatment is administered orally, subcutaneously, intravenously, or intramuscularly. 108. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a therapeutic level of a second treatment. 109. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the effective amount is a therapeutically effective dose of AOM. 110. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the therapeutically effective dose of AOM is about or greater than about 1×103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 1010, 1011, 1012, 1013, or 1014 CFU. 111. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered as an analgesic. 112. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered as a prophylactic. 113. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is self-administered. 114. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has an allergy, a fungal infection, e.g. yeast infection, a bacterial infection, e.g., a Staphylococcusaureus infection or a Streptococcus infection, a viral infection, or contact dermatitis. 115. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a fungal infection, diabetes, cancer, HIV/AIDS, an autoimmune disorder, or has had an organ surgically removed and/or transplanted (e.g., splenectomy). 116. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a profession that renders the subject prone to contact dermatitis. 117. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has high stress, anxiety, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, Parkinson's disease, Rheumatoid arthritis, Lymphoma, Gout, an infection, is undergoing menopause, is obese or overweight, or is pregnant. 118. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered about 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, or 24 times per day. 119. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered for about 1-3, 3-5, 5-7, 7-9, 5-10, 10-14, 12-18, 12-21, 21-28, 28-35, 35-42, 42-49, 49-56, 46-63, 63-70, 70-77, 77-84, or 84-91 days. 120. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is female. 121. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is male. 122. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is characterized as one of the following ethnicity/race: Asian, black or African American, Hispanic or Latino, white, or multi-racial. 123. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is of an age of less than 1, or between 1-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-50, 50-60, or over 60 years. 124. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is of an age of less than 1, or between 1-3 years. 125. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is of an age between 50-60, 60-70, 70-80, 80-90, or over 90 years. 126. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises AOM in a buffer solution, e.g., an aqueous buffer solution. 127. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the buffer solution, e.g., aqueous buffer solution, comprises disodium phosphate and magnesium chloride, for example, 50 mM Na2HPO4 and 2 mM MgCl2 in water. 128. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the buffer solution e.g., aqueous buffer solution, consisting essentially of disodium phosphate and magnesium chloride, for example, 50 mM Na2HPO4 and 2 mM MgCl2 in water. 129. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the buffer solution, e.g., aqueous buffer solution, consists of disodium phosphate and magnesium chloride, for example, 50 mM Na2HPO4 and 2 mM MgCl2 in water. 130. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises at least one of ammonia, ammonium salts, and urea. 131. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises a controlled release material, e.g., slow release material. 132. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation further comprises an excipient, e.g., a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. 133. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the excipient is a surfactant. 134. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered before or after a surgical or diagnostic procedure. 135. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered before or after a procedure, e.g. a desensitization or dermatological procedure. 136. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered before or after application or removal of a diaper. 137. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered before or after application or removal of clothing, e.g., footwear. 138. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered before or after application or removal of clothing. 139. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the excipient comprises an anti-adherent, binder, coat, disintegrant, filler, flavor, color, lubricant, glidant, sorbent preservative, chelator, or sweetener. 140. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is substantially free of other organisms. 141. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is provided as a liquid, droplet, powder, solid, cream, lotion, gel, stick, aerosol, spray, mist, salve, wipe, or bandage. 142. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises a moisturizing agent, deodorizing agent, scent, colorant, insect repellant, cleansing agent, or UV-blocking agent. 143. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises between about 1×103 CFU/mL to about 1×1014 CFU/mL AOM. 144. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises between about 1×109 CFU/mL to about 10×109 CFU/mL AOM. 145. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM comprise ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB). 146. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM consist essentially of AOB. 147. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM consist of AOB. 148. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM comprise Nitrosomonas, Nitrosococcus, Nitrosospira, Nitrosocystis, Nitrosolobus, Nitrosovibrio, and combinations thereof. 149. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM is Nitrosomonas eutropha (N. eutropha). 150. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM is N. eutropha D23, having ATCC accession number PTA-121157. 151. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM comprise ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA). 152. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM are capable of converting ammonia or ammonium to nitrite at a rate of at least about 1 pmol/min/mg protein, e.g., at least about 0.1 nmol/min/mg protein. 153. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is relieved of the diaper rash in about 24 hours subsequent to treatment. 154. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is recovered from the diaper rash in about 24 hours subsequent to treatment. 155. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is relieved of the athlete's foot in about 24 hours subsequent to treatment. 156. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is recovered from the athlete's foot in about 24 hours subsequent to treatment. 157. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is relieved of the perspiration in about 24 hours subsequent to treatment. 158. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is recovered from the perspiration in about 24 hours subsequent to treatment. 159. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is relieved of the body odor in about 24 hours subsequent to treatment. 160. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is recovered from the body odor in about 24 hours subsequent to treatment. 161. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is relieved of or recovered from contact dermatitis in about 24 hours subsequent to treatment. 162. The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising removing or eliminating the source of the irritant or allergen. 163. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein a target percentage of administered AOM are transferred to the subject. 164. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in conjunction with an anti-inflammatory agent. 165. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in conjunction with a medical approach that treats, e.g., is approved to treat or is commonly used to treat diaper rash or a symptom of diaper rash. 166. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in conjunction with a medical approach that treats, e.g., is approved to treat or is commonly used to treat athlete's foot or a symptom of athlete's foot. 167. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in conjunction with a medical approach that treats, e.g., is approved to treat or is commonly used to treat perspiration or a symptom of perspiration. 168. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in conjunction with a medical approach that treats, e.g., is approved to treat or is commonly used to treat body odor or a symptom of body odor. 169. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in conjunction with a medical approach that treats, e.g., is approved to treat or is commonly used to treat contact dermatitis or a symptom of contact dermatitis. 170. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a disrupted microbiome. 171. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation further comprises or is administered concurrently with a compound that promotes growth or metabolism of the AOM, NO production, and/or urease activity. 172. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein a biome-friendly product is used in connection with the administered preparation comprising AOM. 173. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein administering the effective amount of the preparation changes or alters a level of nitrite or NO in the subject, e.g. at a target tissue or in circulation. 174. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein administering the effective amount of the preparation modulates a microbiome associated with the subject. 175. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered concurrently with a change of diaper. 176. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered concurrently with a change of garment, e.g., sock or footwear. 177. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered concurrently with a change of clothing. 178. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered concurrently with a change of glove. 179. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in response to exposure to poison oak or poison ivy. 180. A preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, for the treatment of diaper rash in a subject. 181. A preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, for the treatment of athlete's foot in a subject. 182. A preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, for the treatment of perspiration in a subject. 183. A preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, for the treatment of body odor in a subject. 184. A preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, for the treatment of contact dermatitis in a subject. 185. The preparation of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is packaged for single use. 186. The preparation of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is packaged for multiple use. 187. The preparation of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is packaged as a pretreated diaper. 188. The preparation of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is packaged as a pretreated garment, e.g., footwear. 189. The preparation of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is packaged as a pretreated garment. 190. The preparation of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is packaged as a pretreated glove. 191. The preparation of any of the preceding claims, comprising AOM and other organisms, e.g., a community of organisms. 192. A device for administering a preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, to a subject for treatment. 193. The device for administering a preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, wherein the device is a diaper pretreated with the preparation. 194. The device for administering a preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, wherein the device is a garment, e.g., footwear, a sock, or a glove, pretreated with the preparation. 195. The device for administering a preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, wherein the device comprises a garment pretreated with the preparation. 196. A kit comprising a preparation comprising AOM as recited in any of the preceding claims. | A method of treating diaper rash in a subject is provided. A method of treating athlete's foot in a subject is provided. A method of treating contact dermatitis in a subject is provided. A method of treating perspiration and body odor in a subject is provided. The method comprises administering an effective amount of a preparation comprising ammonia oxidizing microorganisms to the subject, thereby treating the diaper rash, athlete's foot, contact dermatitis, or perspiration and body odor. Related preparations, kits, and devices are also provided.1. A method of treating diaper rash in a subject, comprising:
administering to the subject an effective amount of a preparation comprising ammonia oxidizing microorganisms (AOM), thereby treating the diaper rash. 2. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the diaper rash is associated with irritant dermatitis, candida dermatitis, allergic dermatitis, fungal dermatitis, or bacterial dermatitis. 3. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein treating the diaper rash comprises reducing dermatitis in the genital region, thigh, lower abdomen, and/or buttock of the subject. 4. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein treating the diaper rash reduces the incidence of at least one of: redness, soreness, irritation, itching, burning, bleeding, oozing, allergy, and swelling in the subject. 5. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a mild diaper rash prior to treatment. 6. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a moderate diaper rash prior to treatment. 7. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a severe diaper rash prior to treatment. 8. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject wears a diaper. 9. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is a newborn, infant, or toddler. 10. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is a child or adolescent. 11. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is an adult or senior. 12. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has sensitive skin and/or a history of diaper rash. 13. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered for prevention of diaper rash. 14. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered prior to onset of the diaper rash. 15. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered during incidence of the diaper rash. 16. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered subsequent to relief of the diaper rash. 17. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in response to a diaper rash symptom, trigger or warning sign, e.g. family history, diaper use, skin irritation, allergic reaction, or contact with urine and/or stool. 18. The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising determining whether the subject is in need of treatment for diaper rash. 19. A method of treating athlete's foot in a subject, comprising:
administering to the subject an effective amount of a preparation comprising ammonia oxidizing microorganisms (AOM), thereby treating the athlete's foot. 20. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the athlete's foot is associated with Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, a toe web infection, a moccasin type infection, a vesicular type infection, or onychomycosis. 21. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein treating the athlete's foot comprises reducing a fungal infection in the leg, foot, toe, and/or toe nail of the subject. 22. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein treating the athlete's foot reduces the incidence of at least one of: redness, drying, scaling, blisters, ulcers, soreness, irritation, itching, burning, bleeding, oozing, allergy, and swelling in the subject. 23. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a mild athlete's foot prior to treatment. 24. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a moderate athlete's foot prior to treatment. 25. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a severe athlete's foot prior to treatment. 26. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a history of fungal infections or an impaired immune system. 27. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject qualifies for chemotherapy, radiation therapy, an organ transplant, or an organ removal surgery. 28. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered prior to onset of the athlete's foot. 29. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered during incidence of the athlete's foot. 30. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered subsequent to relief of the athlete's foot. 31. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in response to an athlete's foot symptom, trigger or warning sign, e.g. exposure to warm and/or damp climates, alcohol and/or drug use and/or withdrawal, exposure to chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy, use of poorly ventilated footwear, or use of public or shared showers and/or locker rooms. 32. The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising determining whether the subject is in need of treatment for athlete's foot. 33. A method of treating perspiration in a subject, comprising:
administering to the subject an effective amount of a preparation comprising ammonia oxidizing microorganisms (AOM), thereby treating the perspiration. 34. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the perspiration is associated with focal hyperhidrosis or generalized hyperhidrosis. 35. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein treating the perspiration comprises reducing perspiration on the hands, feet, armpits, thighs, genital region, buttock, back, chest, or abdomen of the subject. 36. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein treating the perspiration reduces the incidence of at least one of: body odor, maceration, fungal infection, bacterial infection, warts, redness, irritation, itching, and swelling in the subject. 37. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a mild condition of perspiration prior to treatment. 38. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a moderate condition of perspiration prior to treatment. 39. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a severe condition of perspiration, e.g., excessive perspiration, prior to treatment. 40. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is exercising or in a hot environment. 41. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a history of perspiration. 42. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered prior to onset of the perspiration. 43. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered during incidence of the perspiration. 44. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered subsequent to relief of the perspiration. 45. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in response to a perspiration symptom, trigger or warning sign, e.g. family history, body odor, body type, exercise, stress, anxiety, diet, or alcohol and/or drug use. 46. A method of treating body odor in a subject, comprising:
administering to the subject an effective amount of a preparation comprising ammonia oxidizing microorganisms (AOM), thereby treating the body odor. 47. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the body odor is associated with perspiration, diet, alcohol use, drug use, or composition of skin flora e.g., Corynebacterium, Propionibacterium, Staphylococcus hominis, and Staphylococcus epidermis. 48. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein treating the body odor comprises reducing perspiration on the hands, feet, armpits, thighs, genital region, buttock, back, chest, or abdomen of the subject. 49. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein treating the body odor reduces the incidence of at least one of: perspiration, stress, anxiety, redness, irritation, itching, and swelling in the subject. 50. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a mild condition of body odor prior to treatment. 51. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a moderate condition of body odor prior to treatment. 52. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a severe condition of body odor prior to treatment. 53. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is obese or overweight. 54. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a history of body odor. 55. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered prior to onset of the body odor. 56. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered during incidence of the body odor. 57. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered subsequent to relief of the body odor. 58. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in response to a body odor symptom, trigger or warning sign, e.g. family history, perspiration, body type, exercise, stress, anxiety, diet, or alcohol and/or drug use. 59. The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising determining whether the subject is in need of treatment for perspiration. 60. The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising determining whether the subject is in need of treatment for body odor. 61. A method of treating contact dermatitis in a subject, comprising:
administering to the subject an effective amount of a preparation comprising ammonia oxidizing microorganisms (AOM), thereby treating the contact dermatitis. 62. A method of treating occupational contact dermatitis or occupational dermatitis in a subject, comprising:
administering to the subject an effective amount of a preparation comprising ammonia oxidizing microorganisms (AOM), thereby treating the occupational contact dermatitis or occupational dermatitis. 63. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the contact dermatitis is associated with a source of an irritant, a non-irritant, or an allergen. 64. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein treating the contact dermatitis comprises at least one of: reducing rash, inflammation, sensitivity, burning, and/or itch in the subject. 65. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein treating the contact dermatitis reduces the incidence of at least one of: redness, blister, fissure, hive, itching, peeling, swelling, or ulcer in the subject. 66. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has mild contact dermatitis prior to treatment. 67. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has moderate or severe contact dermatitis prior to treatment. 68. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject wears, e.g., routinely wears, latex gloves, makeup, jewelry, dermal adhesive, or products held with dermal adhesive, e.g., a bandage. 69. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has sensitive skin and/or a history of contact dermatitis. 70. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered prior to onset of contact dermatitis. 71. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered during incidence of the contact dermatitis. 72. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered subsequent to relief of the contact dermatitis. 73. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in response to a contact dermatitis symptom, trigger or warning sign, e.g. skin irritation, allergic reaction, or contact with soap, detergent, chemical, cosmetic, fragrance, or jewelry. 74. The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising determining whether the subject is in need of treatment for contact dermatitis. 75. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered within 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, or 180 minutes of the subject waking from sleep. 76. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered within 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, or 180 minutes prior to the subject sleeping. 77. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered within 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, or 180 minutes of the subject eating. 78. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, or 180 minutes before or after the subject cleanses or showers. 79. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, or 180 minutes before or after application or removal of a diaper. 80. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered concurrently with application or removal of a diaper. 81. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, or 180 minutes before or after application or removal of footwear. 82. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered concurrently with the application or removal of footwear. 83. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, or 180 minutes before or after application or removal of a glove, jewelry, or makeup. 84. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered concurrently with the application or removal of a glove, jewelry, or makeup. 85. The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising administering a second amount of the preparation to the subject. 86. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered topically. 87. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered to the body of the subject, e.g., to one or more of the face, neck, scalp, limb, hand, foot, back, buttock, torso, genitals, and chest of the subject. 88. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered to the body of the subject, e.g., to one or more of the face, neck, scalp, limb, hand, foot, back, buttock, torso, genitals, and chest of the subject. 89. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered to the body of the subject, e.g., to one or more of the face, neck, scalp, limb, hand, foot, back, buttock, torso, genitals, perineum, abdomen, and chest of the subject. 90. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered intranasally. 91. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered via inhalation. 92. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered as a spray, aerosol, or mist. 93. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered as part of a combination therapy. 94. The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising administering a second treatment in combination with the preparation. 95. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered for a period of time prior to initiating the second treatment. 96. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered concurrently with the second treatment. 97. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered for a period of time subsequent to ceasing the second treatment. 98. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in combination with an antifungal agent, a steroid, e.g., topical or oral steroid, e.g., hydrocortisone, or an anti-histamine. 99. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in combination with a zinc oxide, petroleum, petrolatum, paraffin, dimethicone, or lanolin. 100. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in combination with a steroid, e.g., topical or oral steroid, e.g., hydrocortisone, an anti-histamine, or aluminum subacetate. 101. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in combination with an antifungal agent, e.g., ketoconazole, clotrimazole, miconazole, terbinafine, tolnaftate, butenafine, naftifine, fluconazole, or itraconazole, or an antibiotic agent. 102. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in combination with an anti-itch lotion, cold compress, lanolin, sunscreen, moisturizer, barrier cream, or avobenzone. 103. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in combination with a steroid, antibiotic, topical antiseptic, antihistamine, anesthetic, depigmenting agent, or antifungal agent. 104. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in combination with an anti-anxiety or an antidepressant. 105. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in combination with an antiperspirant (e.g., aluminum salt), a deodorant, iontophoresis therapy, botulinum toxin A, or an anticholinergic agent. 106. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in conjunction with nitrite, nitrate, and/or NO, e.g., inhaled NO. 107. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the second treatment is administered orally, subcutaneously, intravenously, or intramuscularly. 108. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a therapeutic level of a second treatment. 109. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the effective amount is a therapeutically effective dose of AOM. 110. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the therapeutically effective dose of AOM is about or greater than about 1×103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 1010, 1011, 1012, 1013, or 1014 CFU. 111. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered as an analgesic. 112. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered as a prophylactic. 113. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is self-administered. 114. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has an allergy, a fungal infection, e.g. yeast infection, a bacterial infection, e.g., a Staphylococcusaureus infection or a Streptococcus infection, a viral infection, or contact dermatitis. 115. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a fungal infection, diabetes, cancer, HIV/AIDS, an autoimmune disorder, or has had an organ surgically removed and/or transplanted (e.g., splenectomy). 116. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a profession that renders the subject prone to contact dermatitis. 117. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has high stress, anxiety, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, Parkinson's disease, Rheumatoid arthritis, Lymphoma, Gout, an infection, is undergoing menopause, is obese or overweight, or is pregnant. 118. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered about 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, or 24 times per day. 119. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered for about 1-3, 3-5, 5-7, 7-9, 5-10, 10-14, 12-18, 12-21, 21-28, 28-35, 35-42, 42-49, 49-56, 46-63, 63-70, 70-77, 77-84, or 84-91 days. 120. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is female. 121. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is male. 122. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is characterized as one of the following ethnicity/race: Asian, black or African American, Hispanic or Latino, white, or multi-racial. 123. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is of an age of less than 1, or between 1-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-50, 50-60, or over 60 years. 124. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is of an age of less than 1, or between 1-3 years. 125. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is of an age between 50-60, 60-70, 70-80, 80-90, or over 90 years. 126. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises AOM in a buffer solution, e.g., an aqueous buffer solution. 127. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the buffer solution, e.g., aqueous buffer solution, comprises disodium phosphate and magnesium chloride, for example, 50 mM Na2HPO4 and 2 mM MgCl2 in water. 128. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the buffer solution e.g., aqueous buffer solution, consisting essentially of disodium phosphate and magnesium chloride, for example, 50 mM Na2HPO4 and 2 mM MgCl2 in water. 129. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the buffer solution, e.g., aqueous buffer solution, consists of disodium phosphate and magnesium chloride, for example, 50 mM Na2HPO4 and 2 mM MgCl2 in water. 130. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises at least one of ammonia, ammonium salts, and urea. 131. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises a controlled release material, e.g., slow release material. 132. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation further comprises an excipient, e.g., a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. 133. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the excipient is a surfactant. 134. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered before or after a surgical or diagnostic procedure. 135. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered before or after a procedure, e.g. a desensitization or dermatological procedure. 136. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered before or after application or removal of a diaper. 137. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered before or after application or removal of clothing, e.g., footwear. 138. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered before or after application or removal of clothing. 139. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the excipient comprises an anti-adherent, binder, coat, disintegrant, filler, flavor, color, lubricant, glidant, sorbent preservative, chelator, or sweetener. 140. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is substantially free of other organisms. 141. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is provided as a liquid, droplet, powder, solid, cream, lotion, gel, stick, aerosol, spray, mist, salve, wipe, or bandage. 142. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises a moisturizing agent, deodorizing agent, scent, colorant, insect repellant, cleansing agent, or UV-blocking agent. 143. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises between about 1×103 CFU/mL to about 1×1014 CFU/mL AOM. 144. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation comprises between about 1×109 CFU/mL to about 10×109 CFU/mL AOM. 145. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM comprise ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB). 146. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM consist essentially of AOB. 147. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM consist of AOB. 148. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM comprise Nitrosomonas, Nitrosococcus, Nitrosospira, Nitrosocystis, Nitrosolobus, Nitrosovibrio, and combinations thereof. 149. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM is Nitrosomonas eutropha (N. eutropha). 150. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM is N. eutropha D23, having ATCC accession number PTA-121157. 151. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM comprise ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA). 152. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the AOM are capable of converting ammonia or ammonium to nitrite at a rate of at least about 1 pmol/min/mg protein, e.g., at least about 0.1 nmol/min/mg protein. 153. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is relieved of the diaper rash in about 24 hours subsequent to treatment. 154. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is recovered from the diaper rash in about 24 hours subsequent to treatment. 155. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is relieved of the athlete's foot in about 24 hours subsequent to treatment. 156. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is recovered from the athlete's foot in about 24 hours subsequent to treatment. 157. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is relieved of the perspiration in about 24 hours subsequent to treatment. 158. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is recovered from the perspiration in about 24 hours subsequent to treatment. 159. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is relieved of the body odor in about 24 hours subsequent to treatment. 160. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is recovered from the body odor in about 24 hours subsequent to treatment. 161. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject is relieved of or recovered from contact dermatitis in about 24 hours subsequent to treatment. 162. The method of any of the preceding claims, further comprising removing or eliminating the source of the irritant or allergen. 163. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein a target percentage of administered AOM are transferred to the subject. 164. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in conjunction with an anti-inflammatory agent. 165. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in conjunction with a medical approach that treats, e.g., is approved to treat or is commonly used to treat diaper rash or a symptom of diaper rash. 166. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in conjunction with a medical approach that treats, e.g., is approved to treat or is commonly used to treat athlete's foot or a symptom of athlete's foot. 167. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in conjunction with a medical approach that treats, e.g., is approved to treat or is commonly used to treat perspiration or a symptom of perspiration. 168. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in conjunction with a medical approach that treats, e.g., is approved to treat or is commonly used to treat body odor or a symptom of body odor. 169. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in conjunction with a medical approach that treats, e.g., is approved to treat or is commonly used to treat contact dermatitis or a symptom of contact dermatitis. 170. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the subject has a disrupted microbiome. 171. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation further comprises or is administered concurrently with a compound that promotes growth or metabolism of the AOM, NO production, and/or urease activity. 172. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein a biome-friendly product is used in connection with the administered preparation comprising AOM. 173. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein administering the effective amount of the preparation changes or alters a level of nitrite or NO in the subject, e.g. at a target tissue or in circulation. 174. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein administering the effective amount of the preparation modulates a microbiome associated with the subject. 175. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered concurrently with a change of diaper. 176. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered concurrently with a change of garment, e.g., sock or footwear. 177. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered concurrently with a change of clothing. 178. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered concurrently with a change of glove. 179. The method of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is administered in response to exposure to poison oak or poison ivy. 180. A preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, for the treatment of diaper rash in a subject. 181. A preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, for the treatment of athlete's foot in a subject. 182. A preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, for the treatment of perspiration in a subject. 183. A preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, for the treatment of body odor in a subject. 184. A preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, for the treatment of contact dermatitis in a subject. 185. The preparation of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is packaged for single use. 186. The preparation of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is packaged for multiple use. 187. The preparation of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is packaged as a pretreated diaper. 188. The preparation of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is packaged as a pretreated garment, e.g., footwear. 189. The preparation of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is packaged as a pretreated garment. 190. The preparation of any of the preceding claims, wherein the preparation is packaged as a pretreated glove. 191. The preparation of any of the preceding claims, comprising AOM and other organisms, e.g., a community of organisms. 192. A device for administering a preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, to a subject for treatment. 193. The device for administering a preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, wherein the device is a diaper pretreated with the preparation. 194. The device for administering a preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, wherein the device is a garment, e.g., footwear, a sock, or a glove, pretreated with the preparation. 195. The device for administering a preparation comprising AOM, as recited in any of the preceding claims, wherein the device comprises a garment pretreated with the preparation. 196. A kit comprising a preparation comprising AOM as recited in any of the preceding claims. | 1,600 |
340,694 | 16,642,173 | 1,645 | The present disclosure relates to pre-insulated valves (102, 144) for a fluid system, comprising valve body (104, 146) having lugs (128, 168). The valves (102, 144) comprises first insulating layer (134, 172) comprising an inner surface (136, 174) being adapted to cover an entire outer surface (132, 176) of the plurality of lugs (128, 168) and an entire outer surface (130, 170) of the valve body (104, 146) such that the first insulating layer (134, 172) is in close physical contact with the outer surface (130, 170) of the valve body (104, 146) including an outer surface (132, 176) of the plurality of lugs (128, 168). The valves (102, 144) comprises second insulating layer (138, 178) comprising an inner surface (140, 180) being adapted to be in close physical contact with an entire outer surface (137, 182) of the first insulating layer (134, 172). | 1-10. (canceled) 11. A pre-insulated valve for a fluid system comprising:
a valve body having a plurality of lugs on an outer surface of the valve body, each lug of the plurality of lugs being adapted to accommodate a fastener member for fastening the valve body with a flange member of a fluid pipe, a first insulating layer made of a low density polymer, the first insulating layer comprising an inner surface being adapted to cover an entire outer surface of the plurality of lugs of the valve body and an entire outer surface of the valve body such that the first insulating layer is in close physical contact with the outer surface of the valve body including the outer surface of the plurality of lugs, and a second insulating layer made of a high density polymer, the second insulating layer comprising an inner surface being adapted to be in close physical contact with an entire outer surface of the first insulating layer. 12. The pre-insulated valve of claim 1, wherein the first insulating layer is made of poly-urethane foam material. 13. The pre-insulated valve of claim 1, wherein the first insulating layer comprises a density ranging from about 65 to 75 kg/m3. 14. The pre-insulated valve of claim 1, wherein the second insulating layer is made of high density polyethylene material. 15. The pre-insulated valve of claim 1, wherein the first insulating layer has relatively larger thickness when compared with a thickness of the second insulating layer. 16. The pre-insulated valve of claim 1, wherein a combined thickness of the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer is such that a surface temperature of an outer surface of the second insulating layer is above a dew point to prevent condensation. 17. The pre-insulated valve of claim 1, further comprising a further layer of insulation on an external surface of the pre-insulated valve. 18. A pre-insulated valve for a fluid system comprising:
a valve body having a pair of flange members, each flange member being provided with a plurality of threaded blind holes for accommodating a fastener member for fastening the valve body with a flange member of a fluid pipe, a first insulating layer made of a low density polymer, the first insulating layer comprising an inner surface being adapted to cover an entire outer surface of the pair of flange members of the valve body and an entire outer surface of the valve body such that the first insulating layer is in close physical contact with the outer surface of the valve body including the outer surface of the pair of flange members, and a second insulating layer made of a high density polymer, the second insulating layer comprising an inner surface being adapted to be in close physical contact with an entire outer surface of the first insulating layer. 19. The pre-insulated valve of claim 18, wherein the first insulating layer is made of poly-urethane foam material. 20. The pre-insulated valve of claim 18, wherein the first insulating layer comprises a density ranging from about 65 to 75 kg/m3. 21. The pre-insulated valve of claim 18, wherein the second insulating layer is made of high density polyethylene material. 22. The pre-insulated valve of claim 18, wherein the first insulating layer has relatively larger thickness when compared with a thickness of the second insulating layer. 23. The pre-insulated valve of claim 18, wherein a combined thickness of the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer is such that a surface temperature of an outer surface of the second insulating layer is above a dew point to prevent condensation. 24. The pre-insulated valve of claim 18, wherein the flange member of the pipe includes a plurality of through holes axially aligned with the plurality of threaded blind holes of the flange members of the valve body. 25. The pre-insulated valve of claim 24, wherein a threaded portion of the plurality of fasteners is enclosed wholly inside the plurality of threaded blind holes of the flange member of the valve body and the plurality of through holes of the flange member of the pipe. 26. The pre-insulated valve of claim 18, further comprising a further layer of insulation on an external surface of the pre-insulated valve. | The present disclosure relates to pre-insulated valves (102, 144) for a fluid system, comprising valve body (104, 146) having lugs (128, 168). The valves (102, 144) comprises first insulating layer (134, 172) comprising an inner surface (136, 174) being adapted to cover an entire outer surface (132, 176) of the plurality of lugs (128, 168) and an entire outer surface (130, 170) of the valve body (104, 146) such that the first insulating layer (134, 172) is in close physical contact with the outer surface (130, 170) of the valve body (104, 146) including an outer surface (132, 176) of the plurality of lugs (128, 168). The valves (102, 144) comprises second insulating layer (138, 178) comprising an inner surface (140, 180) being adapted to be in close physical contact with an entire outer surface (137, 182) of the first insulating layer (134, 172).1-10. (canceled) 11. A pre-insulated valve for a fluid system comprising:
a valve body having a plurality of lugs on an outer surface of the valve body, each lug of the plurality of lugs being adapted to accommodate a fastener member for fastening the valve body with a flange member of a fluid pipe, a first insulating layer made of a low density polymer, the first insulating layer comprising an inner surface being adapted to cover an entire outer surface of the plurality of lugs of the valve body and an entire outer surface of the valve body such that the first insulating layer is in close physical contact with the outer surface of the valve body including the outer surface of the plurality of lugs, and a second insulating layer made of a high density polymer, the second insulating layer comprising an inner surface being adapted to be in close physical contact with an entire outer surface of the first insulating layer. 12. The pre-insulated valve of claim 1, wherein the first insulating layer is made of poly-urethane foam material. 13. The pre-insulated valve of claim 1, wherein the first insulating layer comprises a density ranging from about 65 to 75 kg/m3. 14. The pre-insulated valve of claim 1, wherein the second insulating layer is made of high density polyethylene material. 15. The pre-insulated valve of claim 1, wherein the first insulating layer has relatively larger thickness when compared with a thickness of the second insulating layer. 16. The pre-insulated valve of claim 1, wherein a combined thickness of the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer is such that a surface temperature of an outer surface of the second insulating layer is above a dew point to prevent condensation. 17. The pre-insulated valve of claim 1, further comprising a further layer of insulation on an external surface of the pre-insulated valve. 18. A pre-insulated valve for a fluid system comprising:
a valve body having a pair of flange members, each flange member being provided with a plurality of threaded blind holes for accommodating a fastener member for fastening the valve body with a flange member of a fluid pipe, a first insulating layer made of a low density polymer, the first insulating layer comprising an inner surface being adapted to cover an entire outer surface of the pair of flange members of the valve body and an entire outer surface of the valve body such that the first insulating layer is in close physical contact with the outer surface of the valve body including the outer surface of the pair of flange members, and a second insulating layer made of a high density polymer, the second insulating layer comprising an inner surface being adapted to be in close physical contact with an entire outer surface of the first insulating layer. 19. The pre-insulated valve of claim 18, wherein the first insulating layer is made of poly-urethane foam material. 20. The pre-insulated valve of claim 18, wherein the first insulating layer comprises a density ranging from about 65 to 75 kg/m3. 21. The pre-insulated valve of claim 18, wherein the second insulating layer is made of high density polyethylene material. 22. The pre-insulated valve of claim 18, wherein the first insulating layer has relatively larger thickness when compared with a thickness of the second insulating layer. 23. The pre-insulated valve of claim 18, wherein a combined thickness of the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer is such that a surface temperature of an outer surface of the second insulating layer is above a dew point to prevent condensation. 24. The pre-insulated valve of claim 18, wherein the flange member of the pipe includes a plurality of through holes axially aligned with the plurality of threaded blind holes of the flange members of the valve body. 25. The pre-insulated valve of claim 24, wherein a threaded portion of the plurality of fasteners is enclosed wholly inside the plurality of threaded blind holes of the flange member of the valve body and the plurality of through holes of the flange member of the pipe. 26. The pre-insulated valve of claim 18, further comprising a further layer of insulation on an external surface of the pre-insulated valve. | 1,600 |
340,695 | 16,642,166 | 3,642 | A noise-abatement systems (10) provide noise abatement to a wing assembly (Wp) provided with a forward edge slat (ES) and include an elongated shield element (20) which is unconnected but positionable adjacent to a lower trailing edge (16 a) of the edge slat (ES) along a lengthwise extent thereof, and a support tab (24) having a distal end fixed to the shield element (20) and a proximal end capable of fixation to an interior cove surface of the edge slat (ES) adjacent an upper trailing edge (22) thereof. The support tab (24) will therefore allow movement of the shield element (20) towards and away from the lower trailing edge (16 a) of the edge slat (ES) between an operative position wherein the shield element (20) is positioned adjacent to the lower trailing edge (16 a) of the edge slat (ES) along the lengthwise extent thereof and an inoperative position wherein the shield element (20) is spaced from the lower trailing edge (16 a) of the edge slat (ES) and positioned in the cove region (12) thereof, respectively. | 1. A noise-abatement system to provide noise abatement to a wing assembly provided with a forward edge slat when the edge slat is moved from a retracted condition to a deployed condition thereof, wherein the noise-abatement system comprises:
an elongate shield element which is positionable adjacent to a lower trailing edge of the edge slat along a lengthwise extent thereof, and a support tab having a distal end fixed to the shield element and a proximal end capable of fixation to an interior cove surface of the edge slat adjacent an upper trailing edge thereof, wherein in response to movement of the edge slat between the deployed and retracted conditions thereof the support tab allows movement of the shield element towards and away from the lower trailing edge of the edge slat between an operative position wherein the shield element is positioned adjacent to the lower trailing edge of the edge slat along the lengthwise extent thereof and an inoperative position wherein the edge slat is spaced from the trailing edge of the edge slat and positioned in the cove region thereof, respectively. 2. The noise-abatement system according to claim 1 which further comprises a plurality of webs spaced apart from one another along the lengthwise extent of the shield element. 3. The noise-abatement system according to claim 1, which further comprises a spring element operatively associated with the web to exert a bias spring force onto the web to move the shield element into the operative position thereof. 4. The noise-abatement system according to claim 3, wherein the spring element is an S-shaped spring leaf element having one end fixed to the proximal end of the web and a distal end attachable to the interior surface of the cove region of the edge slat. 5. The noise-abatement system according to claim 4, wherein the shield element has a convex curvature. 6. An aircraft wing assembly comprising a forward edge slat and a noise-abatement system to provide noise abatement to the wing assembly when the edge slat is moved from a retracted condition to a deployed condition thereof, wherein the noise-abatement system comprises:
an elongate shield element which is positionable adjacent to a lower trailing edge of the edge slat along a lengthwise extent thereof, and a support tab having a distal end fixed to the shield element and a proximal end fixed to an interior cove surface of the edge slat adjacent an upper trailing edge thereof, wherein in response to movement of the edge slat between the deployed and retracted conditions thereof the support tab allows movement of the shield element towards and away from the lower trailing edge of the edge slat between an operative position wherein the shield element is positioned adjacent to the lower trailing edge of the edge slat along the lengthwise extent thereof and an inoperative position wherein the edge slat is spaced from the trailing edge of the edge slat and positioned in the cove region thereof, respectively. 7. The aircraft wing assembly according to claim 6, wherein the noise-abatement system further comprises a plurality of webs spaced apart from one another along the lengthwise extent of the shield element. 8. The aircraft wing assembly according to claim 6, wherein the noise-abatement system further comprises a spring element operatively associated with the web to exert a bias spring force onto the web to move the shield element into the operative position thereof. 9. The aircraft wing assembly according to claim 8, wherein the spring element is an S-shaped spring leaf element having one end fixed to the proximal end of the web and a distal end attached to the interior surface of the cove region of the edge slat. 10. The aircraft wing assembly according to claim 9, wherein the shield element has a convex curvature. 11. An aircraft which comprises the aircraft wing assembly according to claim 6. | A noise-abatement systems (10) provide noise abatement to a wing assembly (Wp) provided with a forward edge slat (ES) and include an elongated shield element (20) which is unconnected but positionable adjacent to a lower trailing edge (16 a) of the edge slat (ES) along a lengthwise extent thereof, and a support tab (24) having a distal end fixed to the shield element (20) and a proximal end capable of fixation to an interior cove surface of the edge slat (ES) adjacent an upper trailing edge (22) thereof. The support tab (24) will therefore allow movement of the shield element (20) towards and away from the lower trailing edge (16 a) of the edge slat (ES) between an operative position wherein the shield element (20) is positioned adjacent to the lower trailing edge (16 a) of the edge slat (ES) along the lengthwise extent thereof and an inoperative position wherein the shield element (20) is spaced from the lower trailing edge (16 a) of the edge slat (ES) and positioned in the cove region (12) thereof, respectively.1. A noise-abatement system to provide noise abatement to a wing assembly provided with a forward edge slat when the edge slat is moved from a retracted condition to a deployed condition thereof, wherein the noise-abatement system comprises:
an elongate shield element which is positionable adjacent to a lower trailing edge of the edge slat along a lengthwise extent thereof, and a support tab having a distal end fixed to the shield element and a proximal end capable of fixation to an interior cove surface of the edge slat adjacent an upper trailing edge thereof, wherein in response to movement of the edge slat between the deployed and retracted conditions thereof the support tab allows movement of the shield element towards and away from the lower trailing edge of the edge slat between an operative position wherein the shield element is positioned adjacent to the lower trailing edge of the edge slat along the lengthwise extent thereof and an inoperative position wherein the edge slat is spaced from the trailing edge of the edge slat and positioned in the cove region thereof, respectively. 2. The noise-abatement system according to claim 1 which further comprises a plurality of webs spaced apart from one another along the lengthwise extent of the shield element. 3. The noise-abatement system according to claim 1, which further comprises a spring element operatively associated with the web to exert a bias spring force onto the web to move the shield element into the operative position thereof. 4. The noise-abatement system according to claim 3, wherein the spring element is an S-shaped spring leaf element having one end fixed to the proximal end of the web and a distal end attachable to the interior surface of the cove region of the edge slat. 5. The noise-abatement system according to claim 4, wherein the shield element has a convex curvature. 6. An aircraft wing assembly comprising a forward edge slat and a noise-abatement system to provide noise abatement to the wing assembly when the edge slat is moved from a retracted condition to a deployed condition thereof, wherein the noise-abatement system comprises:
an elongate shield element which is positionable adjacent to a lower trailing edge of the edge slat along a lengthwise extent thereof, and a support tab having a distal end fixed to the shield element and a proximal end fixed to an interior cove surface of the edge slat adjacent an upper trailing edge thereof, wherein in response to movement of the edge slat between the deployed and retracted conditions thereof the support tab allows movement of the shield element towards and away from the lower trailing edge of the edge slat between an operative position wherein the shield element is positioned adjacent to the lower trailing edge of the edge slat along the lengthwise extent thereof and an inoperative position wherein the edge slat is spaced from the trailing edge of the edge slat and positioned in the cove region thereof, respectively. 7. The aircraft wing assembly according to claim 6, wherein the noise-abatement system further comprises a plurality of webs spaced apart from one another along the lengthwise extent of the shield element. 8. The aircraft wing assembly according to claim 6, wherein the noise-abatement system further comprises a spring element operatively associated with the web to exert a bias spring force onto the web to move the shield element into the operative position thereof. 9. The aircraft wing assembly according to claim 8, wherein the spring element is an S-shaped spring leaf element having one end fixed to the proximal end of the web and a distal end attached to the interior surface of the cove region of the edge slat. 10. The aircraft wing assembly according to claim 9, wherein the shield element has a convex curvature. 11. An aircraft which comprises the aircraft wing assembly according to claim 6. | 3,600 |
340,696 | 16,642,175 | 3,642 | The present invention relates to a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work and the pliers stick and, more specifically, to a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work and an indirect live-wire construction method using the pliers stick, which: allow components or the like, which are installed on and removed from an electric pole in order to perform electric wire-stringing work or fix electric wires, to be remotely constructed by means of the indirect live-wire work while maintaining a safe distance from live wires when constructing power distribution equipment in an extra-high-voltage live-wire state; ensure safety by eliminating risks due to instability during work, said instability occurring due to the intensity of the labor and the physical limitations of the workers; and bring about improvements in utilization efficiency. | 1. A manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work, comprising:
a handle operation unit (10) configured to control hydraulic pressure; an insulated extension stick (500) in which an operation bar (510) is provided so as to be coupled at a rear end thereof to a distal end of a cylinder rod (430) and to protrude forwards, the insulated extension stick (500) being coupled at a rear end thereof to a cylinder unit (400) while surrounding the cylinder unit (400), the insulated extension stick (500) protruding forwards; and a gear gripper unit (20) configured to be folded and unfolded by operation of hydraulic pressure of the handle operation unit (10), wherein the handle operation unit (10) comprises: an oil tank (100) in which oil is charged, the oil tank (100) comprising an oil outlet (110) formed at a distal end thereof and an outer portion covered with a handle (120); a pumping unit (200) connected to the oil tank (100) to allow or interrupt of flow of oil, the pumping unit (200) comprising a first unfolding flow path (201) and a first folding flow path (202) formed therein to allow oil to flow therethrough; a fixed block (300) connected to a distal end of the pumping unit (200), the fixed block (300) comprising a second unfolding flow path (301) and a second folding flow path (302) formed therein so as to be connected to the first unfolding flow path (201) and the first folding flow path (202); and the cylinder unit (400) connected to a distal end of the fixed block (300), the cylinder unit (400) comprising a third unfolding flow path (401) formed therein so as to be connected to the second unfolding flow path (301) and a third folding flow path (402) formed therein so as to be connected to the second folding flow path (302), the cylinder rod (430) being formed at a distal end of the cylinder unit (400) so as to be slidable, and wherein the gear gripper unit (20) comprises: a grip holder (600) formed at a front portion of the insulated extension stick (500), the grip holder (600) comprising a sliding bar (610) formed through a center portion thereof, the sliding bar (610) comprising a rack gear (611) formed in a front portion thereof, the sliding bar (610) being coupled at a rear portion thereof to a distal end of the operation bar (510), the grip holder (600) comprising a pair of mounting bracket operation recesses (620 and 620′) formed in opposite sides of a front portion thereof; a pair of pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′), a rear portion of each of the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) being inserted into and pivotably mounted to a respective one of the mounting bracket operation recesses (620 and 620′), each of the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) comprising a pinion gear (710) formed in a circumferential portion of the pivotably mounted rear portion thereof so as to be threadedly engaged with the rack gear (611), the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) being configured to be unfolded or folded by sliding movement of the cylinder rod (430); and pliers (1000) mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′), the pliers (1000) being configured to be unfolded and folded together with the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′). 2. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 1, wherein the pumping unit (200) comprises:
a body (210) connected to the oil tank (100); a pressure chamber (220) formed in the body (210), the pressure chamber (220) accommodating a spring (222) elastically mounted therein and a piston (223) configured to be operated by an external hydraulic lever (221) in order to form hydraulic pressure; a branch chamber (230) connected to the pressure chamber (220) via a connection flow path (231) in the body (210), the branch chamber (230) communicating with the oil outlet (110) of the oil tank (100), the branch chamber (230) comprising the first unfolding flow path (201) and the first folding flow path (202) formed in opposite sides thereof to be open toward a distal end of the body (210), the branch chamber (230) being connected to the pressure chamber (220) via a one-way check valve (232) configured to be closed when pressure is applied thereto and to be opened when pressure applied thereto is released; and a directional control valve (240) configured to slide by reciprocating through the body (210) and to penetrate middle portions of the first unfolding flow path (201) and the first folding flow path (202) to divide each of the first unfolding flow path (201) and the first folding flow path (202), the directional control valve (240) comprising a pair of first and second flow paths (241 and 242) formed in a circumferential portion thereof to be selectively connected to the first unfolding flow path (201) or the first folding flow path (202) and to the connection flow path (231) during sliding movement thereof in order to adjust connection directionality of the divided first unfolding flow path (201) or the divided first folding flow path (202) during sliding movement thereof. 3. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 1, wherein the insulated extension stick (500) further comprises a handle safe-distance portion (520) formed on an outer circumferential portion thereof. 4. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 1, wherein a valve chamber (311) is formed in the fixed block (300) to divide each of the second unfolding flow path (301) and the second folding flow path (302) into two parts comprising a rear part oriented toward the handle operation unit (10) and a front part oriented toward the gear gripper unit (20), and
wherein a bidirectional check valve (310) is further included in the valve chamber (311) to connect the divided second unfolding flow path (301) or the divided second folding flow path (302) according to a direction in which hydraulic pressure is applied to the second unfolding flow path (301) or the second folding flow path (302). 5. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 4, wherein the bidirectional check valve (310) comprises:
an unfolding valve unit (321) coupled to one side of the valve chamber (311), the unfolding valve unit (321) comprising an unfolding oil chamber (321 a) formed therein to connect the divided second unfolding flow path (301) and an unfolding valve (322) formed in the unfolding oil chamber (321 a) to allow or interrupt connection of the divided second unfolding flow path (301) through sliding movement thereof; a folding valve unit (325) coupled to an opposite side of the valve chamber (311), the folding valve unit (325) comprising a folding oil chamber (325 a) formed therein to connect the divided second folding flow path (302) and a folding valve (326) formed in the folding oil chamber (325 a) to allow or interrupt connection of the divided second folding flow path (302) through sliding movement thereof; and a valve piston (328) formed between the unfolding valve unit (321) and the folding valve unit (325) in the valve chamber (311) to adjust an opening/closing amount of the unfolding valve (322) or the folding valve (326) according to a direction in which hydraulic pressure is applied to the second unfolding flow path (301) or the second folding flow path (302) through reciprocating movement thereof by hydraulic pressure. 6. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 4, wherein the bidirectional check valve (310) comprises:
a pair of closing caps (331 and 331′) configured to close opposite ends of the valve chamber (311); a valve piston (335) configured to adjust an opening/closing amount of the second unfolding flow path (301) or the second folding flow path (302), divided into the front part and the rear part, according to a direction in which hydraulic pressure is applied to the second unfolding flow path (301) or the second folding flow path (302) through reciprocating movement thereof by hydraulic pressure in the valve chamber (311); and a pair of piston springs (339 and 339′) elastically mounted between opposite ends of the valve piston (335) and the closing caps (331 and 331′) to apply elastic force to the valve piston (335), and wherein the valve piston (335) comprises: an unfolding flow path communication portion (336) having an inclined surface (336 a) extending from one end of the valve piston (335) such that a diameter thereof gradually decreases and an unfolding flow path support protrusion (336 b) formed at an end thereof so as to interfere with one (331) of the closing caps during operation of the valve piston (335) in order to form or interrupt connection between the second unfolding flow path (301) and the valve chamber (311); and a folding flow path communication portion (337) having an inclined surface (337 a) extending from an opposite end of the valve piston (335) such that a diameter thereof gradually decreases and a folding flow path support protrusion (337 b) formed at an end thereof so as to interfere with a remaining one (331′) of the closing caps during operation of the valve piston (335) in order to form or interrupt connection between the second folding flow path (302) and the valve chamber (311). 7. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 6, wherein a spherical-shaped ball-type unfolding flow path check valve (341) is further included in the front part of the second unfolding flow path (301), the unfolding flow path check valve (341) being elastically supported by a spring (342) mounted in the front part of the second unfolding flow path (301) so as to protrude into the valve chamber (311) and to block connection with the valve chamber (311),
wherein a spherical-shaped ball-type folding flow path check valve (351) is further included in the front part of the second folding flow path (302), the folding flow path check valve (351) being elastically supported by a spring (352) mounted in the front part of the second folding flow path (302) so as to protrude into the valve chamber (311) and to block connection with the valve chamber (311), wherein a stepped protrusion (301 a) is further formed on an end portion of the second unfolding flow path (301) that is adjacent to the valve chamber (311), wherein a stepped protrusion (302 a) is further formed on an end portion of the second folding flow path (302) that is adjacent to the valve chamber (311), and wherein each of the unfolding flow path check valve (341) and the folding flow path check valve (351) is formed to have a diameter smaller than an inner diameter of a corresponding one of the second unfolding flow path (301) and the second folding flow path (302). 8. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder unit (400) comprises:
a cylinder body (410) coupled to the fixed block (300), the cylinder body (410) comprising a piston chamber (411) formed therein so as to be open forwards, the third unfolding flow path (401) formed in one side of a rear portion thereof so as to connect the second unfolding flow path (301) to the piston chamber (411), and the third folding flow path (402) formed in a center of the rear portion thereof so as to connect the second folding flow path (302) to the piston chamber (411); a guide pipe (420) coupled to a center of a rear end of the piston chamber (411) in the piston chamber (411), the guide pipe (420) comprising a through-hole (421) formed in a center thereof so as to communicate with the third folding flow path (402); the cylinder rod (430) comprising a cylinder piston (431) formed at a rear end thereof so as to be accommodated in the piston chamber (411), a guide groove (432) formed in a rear portion thereof to allow the guide pipe (420) to be inserted thereinto and slide therein, and a flow path communication hole (433) formed in a circumferential portion thereof so as to communicate with the guide groove (432); and a closing cap (440) configured to close a distal end of the cylinder body (410) and to allow the cylinder rod (430) to penetrate a center thereof, the closing cap (440) comprising an oil groove (441) formed in a rear end thereof, the oil groove (441) having a larger diameter than the cylinder rod (430) and communicating with the piston chamber (411) and the flow path communication hole (433). 9. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 1, wherein the pliers (1000) comprise a pair of folding bars (1001 and 1001′) configured to be unfolded or folded together with the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) by operation of the rack gear (611) and the pinion gear (710) during sliding movement of the cylinder rod (430). 10. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 9, wherein the pliers (1000) are gripper pliers (1100) having gripping force when folded, the gripper pliers (1100) being configured such that gripping recesses (1110 and 1110′) are formed with a gentle curvature in inner circumferential surfaces of the folding bars (1001 and 1001′) in order to grip a wire, and at least one pair of wire-seating recesses (1111 and 1111′) are formed at positions in the gripping recesses (1110 and 1110′) that correspond to each other, and
wherein the gripper pliers (1100) are configured to be replaceably mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′). 11. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 9, wherein the pliers (1000) are snap pliers (1200) providing spreading force when unfolded, the snap pliers (1200) being configured such that spreading portions (1210) are formed at outer surfaces of tips of the folding bars (1001 and 1001′) so as to be symmetrical with each other, and
wherein the folding bars (1001 and 1001′) are configured to be replaceably mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′). 12. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 9, wherein the pliers (1000) are any one of nipper pliers (1300) having cutting force when folded and comprising cutting portions (1310) formed symmetrically at inner surfaces of tips of the folding bars (1001 and 1001′), long nose pliers (1400) having gripping force when folded and comprising pincer portions (1410) formed symmetrically at inner surfaces of tips of the folding bars (1001 and 1001′), and pin-gripping pliers (1500) having gripping force when folded and comprising semicircular-shaped pin-gripping recesses (1510) formed symmetrically in inner surfaces of tips of the folding bars (1001 and 1001′), and
wherein any one of the nipper pliers (1300), the long nose pliers (1400), and the pin-gripping pliers (1500) is configured to be mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′). 13. An indirect live-wire construction method using a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work comprising a handle operation unit (10), comprising an oil tank (100), a pumping unit (200), a fixed block (300), and a cylinder unit (400) in order to control hydraulic pressure, an insulated extension stick (500), extending forwards from the handle operation unit (10), a gear gripper unit (20), extending forwards from the insulated extension stick (500) and comprising a grip holder (600) and pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′), and pliers (1000), formed at the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′),
wherein, during power distribution construction in presence of a live high-voltage wire, the method enables a worker to assure a safe separation distance from a power distribution line using the insulated extension stick (500) and to perform any one indirect live-wire work selected from among work of gripping a wire, work of spreading, peeling off, or putting on a sleeve cover or a dead-end cover enveloping a dead-end clamp, work of cutting a bind wire, a sheath, or a wire, work of gripping a small part, and work of gripping a connection pin (a cotter pin) used to connect a suspension insulator through hydraulic pumping operation using the handle operation unit (10) and operation of the pliers (1000). 14. The indirect live-wire construction method using a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 13, wherein gripper pliers (1100) providing gripping force when folded are prepared as the pliers (1000), and
wherein, during live-wire work, the gripper pliers (1100) are mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) to enable work of gripping a wire. 15. The indirect live-wire construction method using a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 13, wherein snap pliers (1200) providing spreading force when unfolded are prepared as the pliers (1000), and
wherein, during live-wire work, the snap pliers (1200) are mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) to enable work of spreading, peeling off, or putting on a sleeve cover or a dead-end cover enveloping a dead-end clamp. 16. The indirect live-wire construction method using a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 13, wherein at least one of nipper pliers (1300), long nose pliers (1400), or pin-gripping pliers (1500) is prepared as the pliers (1000), and is mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) during live-wire work, and
wherein the nipper pliers (1300) are used to enable work of cutting a bind wire, a sheath, or a wire, the long nose pliers (1400) are used to enable work of gripping a small part, or the pin-gripping pliers (1500) are used to enable work of gripping a connection pin (a cotter pin) used to connect a suspension insulator. | The present invention relates to a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work and the pliers stick and, more specifically, to a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work and an indirect live-wire construction method using the pliers stick, which: allow components or the like, which are installed on and removed from an electric pole in order to perform electric wire-stringing work or fix electric wires, to be remotely constructed by means of the indirect live-wire work while maintaining a safe distance from live wires when constructing power distribution equipment in an extra-high-voltage live-wire state; ensure safety by eliminating risks due to instability during work, said instability occurring due to the intensity of the labor and the physical limitations of the workers; and bring about improvements in utilization efficiency.1. A manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work, comprising:
a handle operation unit (10) configured to control hydraulic pressure; an insulated extension stick (500) in which an operation bar (510) is provided so as to be coupled at a rear end thereof to a distal end of a cylinder rod (430) and to protrude forwards, the insulated extension stick (500) being coupled at a rear end thereof to a cylinder unit (400) while surrounding the cylinder unit (400), the insulated extension stick (500) protruding forwards; and a gear gripper unit (20) configured to be folded and unfolded by operation of hydraulic pressure of the handle operation unit (10), wherein the handle operation unit (10) comprises: an oil tank (100) in which oil is charged, the oil tank (100) comprising an oil outlet (110) formed at a distal end thereof and an outer portion covered with a handle (120); a pumping unit (200) connected to the oil tank (100) to allow or interrupt of flow of oil, the pumping unit (200) comprising a first unfolding flow path (201) and a first folding flow path (202) formed therein to allow oil to flow therethrough; a fixed block (300) connected to a distal end of the pumping unit (200), the fixed block (300) comprising a second unfolding flow path (301) and a second folding flow path (302) formed therein so as to be connected to the first unfolding flow path (201) and the first folding flow path (202); and the cylinder unit (400) connected to a distal end of the fixed block (300), the cylinder unit (400) comprising a third unfolding flow path (401) formed therein so as to be connected to the second unfolding flow path (301) and a third folding flow path (402) formed therein so as to be connected to the second folding flow path (302), the cylinder rod (430) being formed at a distal end of the cylinder unit (400) so as to be slidable, and wherein the gear gripper unit (20) comprises: a grip holder (600) formed at a front portion of the insulated extension stick (500), the grip holder (600) comprising a sliding bar (610) formed through a center portion thereof, the sliding bar (610) comprising a rack gear (611) formed in a front portion thereof, the sliding bar (610) being coupled at a rear portion thereof to a distal end of the operation bar (510), the grip holder (600) comprising a pair of mounting bracket operation recesses (620 and 620′) formed in opposite sides of a front portion thereof; a pair of pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′), a rear portion of each of the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) being inserted into and pivotably mounted to a respective one of the mounting bracket operation recesses (620 and 620′), each of the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) comprising a pinion gear (710) formed in a circumferential portion of the pivotably mounted rear portion thereof so as to be threadedly engaged with the rack gear (611), the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) being configured to be unfolded or folded by sliding movement of the cylinder rod (430); and pliers (1000) mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′), the pliers (1000) being configured to be unfolded and folded together with the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′). 2. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 1, wherein the pumping unit (200) comprises:
a body (210) connected to the oil tank (100); a pressure chamber (220) formed in the body (210), the pressure chamber (220) accommodating a spring (222) elastically mounted therein and a piston (223) configured to be operated by an external hydraulic lever (221) in order to form hydraulic pressure; a branch chamber (230) connected to the pressure chamber (220) via a connection flow path (231) in the body (210), the branch chamber (230) communicating with the oil outlet (110) of the oil tank (100), the branch chamber (230) comprising the first unfolding flow path (201) and the first folding flow path (202) formed in opposite sides thereof to be open toward a distal end of the body (210), the branch chamber (230) being connected to the pressure chamber (220) via a one-way check valve (232) configured to be closed when pressure is applied thereto and to be opened when pressure applied thereto is released; and a directional control valve (240) configured to slide by reciprocating through the body (210) and to penetrate middle portions of the first unfolding flow path (201) and the first folding flow path (202) to divide each of the first unfolding flow path (201) and the first folding flow path (202), the directional control valve (240) comprising a pair of first and second flow paths (241 and 242) formed in a circumferential portion thereof to be selectively connected to the first unfolding flow path (201) or the first folding flow path (202) and to the connection flow path (231) during sliding movement thereof in order to adjust connection directionality of the divided first unfolding flow path (201) or the divided first folding flow path (202) during sliding movement thereof. 3. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 1, wherein the insulated extension stick (500) further comprises a handle safe-distance portion (520) formed on an outer circumferential portion thereof. 4. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 1, wherein a valve chamber (311) is formed in the fixed block (300) to divide each of the second unfolding flow path (301) and the second folding flow path (302) into two parts comprising a rear part oriented toward the handle operation unit (10) and a front part oriented toward the gear gripper unit (20), and
wherein a bidirectional check valve (310) is further included in the valve chamber (311) to connect the divided second unfolding flow path (301) or the divided second folding flow path (302) according to a direction in which hydraulic pressure is applied to the second unfolding flow path (301) or the second folding flow path (302). 5. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 4, wherein the bidirectional check valve (310) comprises:
an unfolding valve unit (321) coupled to one side of the valve chamber (311), the unfolding valve unit (321) comprising an unfolding oil chamber (321 a) formed therein to connect the divided second unfolding flow path (301) and an unfolding valve (322) formed in the unfolding oil chamber (321 a) to allow or interrupt connection of the divided second unfolding flow path (301) through sliding movement thereof; a folding valve unit (325) coupled to an opposite side of the valve chamber (311), the folding valve unit (325) comprising a folding oil chamber (325 a) formed therein to connect the divided second folding flow path (302) and a folding valve (326) formed in the folding oil chamber (325 a) to allow or interrupt connection of the divided second folding flow path (302) through sliding movement thereof; and a valve piston (328) formed between the unfolding valve unit (321) and the folding valve unit (325) in the valve chamber (311) to adjust an opening/closing amount of the unfolding valve (322) or the folding valve (326) according to a direction in which hydraulic pressure is applied to the second unfolding flow path (301) or the second folding flow path (302) through reciprocating movement thereof by hydraulic pressure. 6. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 4, wherein the bidirectional check valve (310) comprises:
a pair of closing caps (331 and 331′) configured to close opposite ends of the valve chamber (311); a valve piston (335) configured to adjust an opening/closing amount of the second unfolding flow path (301) or the second folding flow path (302), divided into the front part and the rear part, according to a direction in which hydraulic pressure is applied to the second unfolding flow path (301) or the second folding flow path (302) through reciprocating movement thereof by hydraulic pressure in the valve chamber (311); and a pair of piston springs (339 and 339′) elastically mounted between opposite ends of the valve piston (335) and the closing caps (331 and 331′) to apply elastic force to the valve piston (335), and wherein the valve piston (335) comprises: an unfolding flow path communication portion (336) having an inclined surface (336 a) extending from one end of the valve piston (335) such that a diameter thereof gradually decreases and an unfolding flow path support protrusion (336 b) formed at an end thereof so as to interfere with one (331) of the closing caps during operation of the valve piston (335) in order to form or interrupt connection between the second unfolding flow path (301) and the valve chamber (311); and a folding flow path communication portion (337) having an inclined surface (337 a) extending from an opposite end of the valve piston (335) such that a diameter thereof gradually decreases and a folding flow path support protrusion (337 b) formed at an end thereof so as to interfere with a remaining one (331′) of the closing caps during operation of the valve piston (335) in order to form or interrupt connection between the second folding flow path (302) and the valve chamber (311). 7. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 6, wherein a spherical-shaped ball-type unfolding flow path check valve (341) is further included in the front part of the second unfolding flow path (301), the unfolding flow path check valve (341) being elastically supported by a spring (342) mounted in the front part of the second unfolding flow path (301) so as to protrude into the valve chamber (311) and to block connection with the valve chamber (311),
wherein a spherical-shaped ball-type folding flow path check valve (351) is further included in the front part of the second folding flow path (302), the folding flow path check valve (351) being elastically supported by a spring (352) mounted in the front part of the second folding flow path (302) so as to protrude into the valve chamber (311) and to block connection with the valve chamber (311), wherein a stepped protrusion (301 a) is further formed on an end portion of the second unfolding flow path (301) that is adjacent to the valve chamber (311), wherein a stepped protrusion (302 a) is further formed on an end portion of the second folding flow path (302) that is adjacent to the valve chamber (311), and wherein each of the unfolding flow path check valve (341) and the folding flow path check valve (351) is formed to have a diameter smaller than an inner diameter of a corresponding one of the second unfolding flow path (301) and the second folding flow path (302). 8. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder unit (400) comprises:
a cylinder body (410) coupled to the fixed block (300), the cylinder body (410) comprising a piston chamber (411) formed therein so as to be open forwards, the third unfolding flow path (401) formed in one side of a rear portion thereof so as to connect the second unfolding flow path (301) to the piston chamber (411), and the third folding flow path (402) formed in a center of the rear portion thereof so as to connect the second folding flow path (302) to the piston chamber (411); a guide pipe (420) coupled to a center of a rear end of the piston chamber (411) in the piston chamber (411), the guide pipe (420) comprising a through-hole (421) formed in a center thereof so as to communicate with the third folding flow path (402); the cylinder rod (430) comprising a cylinder piston (431) formed at a rear end thereof so as to be accommodated in the piston chamber (411), a guide groove (432) formed in a rear portion thereof to allow the guide pipe (420) to be inserted thereinto and slide therein, and a flow path communication hole (433) formed in a circumferential portion thereof so as to communicate with the guide groove (432); and a closing cap (440) configured to close a distal end of the cylinder body (410) and to allow the cylinder rod (430) to penetrate a center thereof, the closing cap (440) comprising an oil groove (441) formed in a rear end thereof, the oil groove (441) having a larger diameter than the cylinder rod (430) and communicating with the piston chamber (411) and the flow path communication hole (433). 9. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 1, wherein the pliers (1000) comprise a pair of folding bars (1001 and 1001′) configured to be unfolded or folded together with the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) by operation of the rack gear (611) and the pinion gear (710) during sliding movement of the cylinder rod (430). 10. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 9, wherein the pliers (1000) are gripper pliers (1100) having gripping force when folded, the gripper pliers (1100) being configured such that gripping recesses (1110 and 1110′) are formed with a gentle curvature in inner circumferential surfaces of the folding bars (1001 and 1001′) in order to grip a wire, and at least one pair of wire-seating recesses (1111 and 1111′) are formed at positions in the gripping recesses (1110 and 1110′) that correspond to each other, and
wherein the gripper pliers (1100) are configured to be replaceably mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′). 11. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 9, wherein the pliers (1000) are snap pliers (1200) providing spreading force when unfolded, the snap pliers (1200) being configured such that spreading portions (1210) are formed at outer surfaces of tips of the folding bars (1001 and 1001′) so as to be symmetrical with each other, and
wherein the folding bars (1001 and 1001′) are configured to be replaceably mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′). 12. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 9, wherein the pliers (1000) are any one of nipper pliers (1300) having cutting force when folded and comprising cutting portions (1310) formed symmetrically at inner surfaces of tips of the folding bars (1001 and 1001′), long nose pliers (1400) having gripping force when folded and comprising pincer portions (1410) formed symmetrically at inner surfaces of tips of the folding bars (1001 and 1001′), and pin-gripping pliers (1500) having gripping force when folded and comprising semicircular-shaped pin-gripping recesses (1510) formed symmetrically in inner surfaces of tips of the folding bars (1001 and 1001′), and
wherein any one of the nipper pliers (1300), the long nose pliers (1400), and the pin-gripping pliers (1500) is configured to be mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′). 13. An indirect live-wire construction method using a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work comprising a handle operation unit (10), comprising an oil tank (100), a pumping unit (200), a fixed block (300), and a cylinder unit (400) in order to control hydraulic pressure, an insulated extension stick (500), extending forwards from the handle operation unit (10), a gear gripper unit (20), extending forwards from the insulated extension stick (500) and comprising a grip holder (600) and pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′), and pliers (1000), formed at the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′),
wherein, during power distribution construction in presence of a live high-voltage wire, the method enables a worker to assure a safe separation distance from a power distribution line using the insulated extension stick (500) and to perform any one indirect live-wire work selected from among work of gripping a wire, work of spreading, peeling off, or putting on a sleeve cover or a dead-end cover enveloping a dead-end clamp, work of cutting a bind wire, a sheath, or a wire, work of gripping a small part, and work of gripping a connection pin (a cotter pin) used to connect a suspension insulator through hydraulic pumping operation using the handle operation unit (10) and operation of the pliers (1000). 14. The indirect live-wire construction method using a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 13, wherein gripper pliers (1100) providing gripping force when folded are prepared as the pliers (1000), and
wherein, during live-wire work, the gripper pliers (1100) are mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) to enable work of gripping a wire. 15. The indirect live-wire construction method using a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 13, wherein snap pliers (1200) providing spreading force when unfolded are prepared as the pliers (1000), and
wherein, during live-wire work, the snap pliers (1200) are mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) to enable work of spreading, peeling off, or putting on a sleeve cover or a dead-end cover enveloping a dead-end clamp. 16. The indirect live-wire construction method using a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 13, wherein at least one of nipper pliers (1300), long nose pliers (1400), or pin-gripping pliers (1500) is prepared as the pliers (1000), and is mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) during live-wire work, and
wherein the nipper pliers (1300) are used to enable work of cutting a bind wire, a sheath, or a wire, the long nose pliers (1400) are used to enable work of gripping a small part, or the pin-gripping pliers (1500) are used to enable work of gripping a connection pin (a cotter pin) used to connect a suspension insulator. | 3,600 |
340,697 | 16,642,160 | 2,641 | The present invention relates to a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work and the pliers stick and, more specifically, to a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work and an indirect live-wire construction method using the pliers stick, which: allow components or the like, which are installed on and removed from an electric pole in order to perform electric wire-stringing work or fix electric wires, to be remotely constructed by means of the indirect live-wire work while maintaining a safe distance from live wires when constructing power distribution equipment in an extra-high-voltage live-wire state; ensure safety by eliminating risks due to instability during work, said instability occurring due to the intensity of the labor and the physical limitations of the workers; and bring about improvements in utilization efficiency. | 1. A manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work, comprising:
a handle operation unit (10) configured to control hydraulic pressure; an insulated extension stick (500) in which an operation bar (510) is provided so as to be coupled at a rear end thereof to a distal end of a cylinder rod (430) and to protrude forwards, the insulated extension stick (500) being coupled at a rear end thereof to a cylinder unit (400) while surrounding the cylinder unit (400), the insulated extension stick (500) protruding forwards; and a gear gripper unit (20) configured to be folded and unfolded by operation of hydraulic pressure of the handle operation unit (10), wherein the handle operation unit (10) comprises: an oil tank (100) in which oil is charged, the oil tank (100) comprising an oil outlet (110) formed at a distal end thereof and an outer portion covered with a handle (120); a pumping unit (200) connected to the oil tank (100) to allow or interrupt of flow of oil, the pumping unit (200) comprising a first unfolding flow path (201) and a first folding flow path (202) formed therein to allow oil to flow therethrough; a fixed block (300) connected to a distal end of the pumping unit (200), the fixed block (300) comprising a second unfolding flow path (301) and a second folding flow path (302) formed therein so as to be connected to the first unfolding flow path (201) and the first folding flow path (202); and the cylinder unit (400) connected to a distal end of the fixed block (300), the cylinder unit (400) comprising a third unfolding flow path (401) formed therein so as to be connected to the second unfolding flow path (301) and a third folding flow path (402) formed therein so as to be connected to the second folding flow path (302), the cylinder rod (430) being formed at a distal end of the cylinder unit (400) so as to be slidable, and wherein the gear gripper unit (20) comprises: a grip holder (600) formed at a front portion of the insulated extension stick (500), the grip holder (600) comprising a sliding bar (610) formed through a center portion thereof, the sliding bar (610) comprising a rack gear (611) formed in a front portion thereof, the sliding bar (610) being coupled at a rear portion thereof to a distal end of the operation bar (510), the grip holder (600) comprising a pair of mounting bracket operation recesses (620 and 620′) formed in opposite sides of a front portion thereof; a pair of pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′), a rear portion of each of the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) being inserted into and pivotably mounted to a respective one of the mounting bracket operation recesses (620 and 620′), each of the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) comprising a pinion gear (710) formed in a circumferential portion of the pivotably mounted rear portion thereof so as to be threadedly engaged with the rack gear (611), the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) being configured to be unfolded or folded by sliding movement of the cylinder rod (430); and pliers (1000) mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′), the pliers (1000) being configured to be unfolded and folded together with the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′). 2. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 1, wherein the pumping unit (200) comprises:
a body (210) connected to the oil tank (100); a pressure chamber (220) formed in the body (210), the pressure chamber (220) accommodating a spring (222) elastically mounted therein and a piston (223) configured to be operated by an external hydraulic lever (221) in order to form hydraulic pressure; a branch chamber (230) connected to the pressure chamber (220) via a connection flow path (231) in the body (210), the branch chamber (230) communicating with the oil outlet (110) of the oil tank (100), the branch chamber (230) comprising the first unfolding flow path (201) and the first folding flow path (202) formed in opposite sides thereof to be open toward a distal end of the body (210), the branch chamber (230) being connected to the pressure chamber (220) via a one-way check valve (232) configured to be closed when pressure is applied thereto and to be opened when pressure applied thereto is released; and a directional control valve (240) configured to slide by reciprocating through the body (210) and to penetrate middle portions of the first unfolding flow path (201) and the first folding flow path (202) to divide each of the first unfolding flow path (201) and the first folding flow path (202), the directional control valve (240) comprising a pair of first and second flow paths (241 and 242) formed in a circumferential portion thereof to be selectively connected to the first unfolding flow path (201) or the first folding flow path (202) and to the connection flow path (231) during sliding movement thereof in order to adjust connection directionality of the divided first unfolding flow path (201) or the divided first folding flow path (202) during sliding movement thereof. 3. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 1, wherein the insulated extension stick (500) further comprises a handle safe-distance portion (520) formed on an outer circumferential portion thereof. 4. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 1, wherein a valve chamber (311) is formed in the fixed block (300) to divide each of the second unfolding flow path (301) and the second folding flow path (302) into two parts comprising a rear part oriented toward the handle operation unit (10) and a front part oriented toward the gear gripper unit (20), and
wherein a bidirectional check valve (310) is further included in the valve chamber (311) to connect the divided second unfolding flow path (301) or the divided second folding flow path (302) according to a direction in which hydraulic pressure is applied to the second unfolding flow path (301) or the second folding flow path (302). 5. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 4, wherein the bidirectional check valve (310) comprises:
an unfolding valve unit (321) coupled to one side of the valve chamber (311), the unfolding valve unit (321) comprising an unfolding oil chamber (321 a) formed therein to connect the divided second unfolding flow path (301) and an unfolding valve (322) formed in the unfolding oil chamber (321 a) to allow or interrupt connection of the divided second unfolding flow path (301) through sliding movement thereof; a folding valve unit (325) coupled to an opposite side of the valve chamber (311), the folding valve unit (325) comprising a folding oil chamber (325 a) formed therein to connect the divided second folding flow path (302) and a folding valve (326) formed in the folding oil chamber (325 a) to allow or interrupt connection of the divided second folding flow path (302) through sliding movement thereof; and a valve piston (328) formed between the unfolding valve unit (321) and the folding valve unit (325) in the valve chamber (311) to adjust an opening/closing amount of the unfolding valve (322) or the folding valve (326) according to a direction in which hydraulic pressure is applied to the second unfolding flow path (301) or the second folding flow path (302) through reciprocating movement thereof by hydraulic pressure. 6. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 4, wherein the bidirectional check valve (310) comprises:
a pair of closing caps (331 and 331′) configured to close opposite ends of the valve chamber (311); a valve piston (335) configured to adjust an opening/closing amount of the second unfolding flow path (301) or the second folding flow path (302), divided into the front part and the rear part, according to a direction in which hydraulic pressure is applied to the second unfolding flow path (301) or the second folding flow path (302) through reciprocating movement thereof by hydraulic pressure in the valve chamber (311); and a pair of piston springs (339 and 339′) elastically mounted between opposite ends of the valve piston (335) and the closing caps (331 and 331′) to apply elastic force to the valve piston (335), and wherein the valve piston (335) comprises: an unfolding flow path communication portion (336) having an inclined surface (336 a) extending from one end of the valve piston (335) such that a diameter thereof gradually decreases and an unfolding flow path support protrusion (336 b) formed at an end thereof so as to interfere with one (331) of the closing caps during operation of the valve piston (335) in order to form or interrupt connection between the second unfolding flow path (301) and the valve chamber (311); and a folding flow path communication portion (337) having an inclined surface (337 a) extending from an opposite end of the valve piston (335) such that a diameter thereof gradually decreases and a folding flow path support protrusion (337 b) formed at an end thereof so as to interfere with a remaining one (331′) of the closing caps during operation of the valve piston (335) in order to form or interrupt connection between the second folding flow path (302) and the valve chamber (311). 7. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 6, wherein a spherical-shaped ball-type unfolding flow path check valve (341) is further included in the front part of the second unfolding flow path (301), the unfolding flow path check valve (341) being elastically supported by a spring (342) mounted in the front part of the second unfolding flow path (301) so as to protrude into the valve chamber (311) and to block connection with the valve chamber (311),
wherein a spherical-shaped ball-type folding flow path check valve (351) is further included in the front part of the second folding flow path (302), the folding flow path check valve (351) being elastically supported by a spring (352) mounted in the front part of the second folding flow path (302) so as to protrude into the valve chamber (311) and to block connection with the valve chamber (311), wherein a stepped protrusion (301 a) is further formed on an end portion of the second unfolding flow path (301) that is adjacent to the valve chamber (311), wherein a stepped protrusion (302 a) is further formed on an end portion of the second folding flow path (302) that is adjacent to the valve chamber (311), and wherein each of the unfolding flow path check valve (341) and the folding flow path check valve (351) is formed to have a diameter smaller than an inner diameter of a corresponding one of the second unfolding flow path (301) and the second folding flow path (302). 8. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder unit (400) comprises:
a cylinder body (410) coupled to the fixed block (300), the cylinder body (410) comprising a piston chamber (411) formed therein so as to be open forwards, the third unfolding flow path (401) formed in one side of a rear portion thereof so as to connect the second unfolding flow path (301) to the piston chamber (411), and the third folding flow path (402) formed in a center of the rear portion thereof so as to connect the second folding flow path (302) to the piston chamber (411); a guide pipe (420) coupled to a center of a rear end of the piston chamber (411) in the piston chamber (411), the guide pipe (420) comprising a through-hole (421) formed in a center thereof so as to communicate with the third folding flow path (402); the cylinder rod (430) comprising a cylinder piston (431) formed at a rear end thereof so as to be accommodated in the piston chamber (411), a guide groove (432) formed in a rear portion thereof to allow the guide pipe (420) to be inserted thereinto and slide therein, and a flow path communication hole (433) formed in a circumferential portion thereof so as to communicate with the guide groove (432); and a closing cap (440) configured to close a distal end of the cylinder body (410) and to allow the cylinder rod (430) to penetrate a center thereof, the closing cap (440) comprising an oil groove (441) formed in a rear end thereof, the oil groove (441) having a larger diameter than the cylinder rod (430) and communicating with the piston chamber (411) and the flow path communication hole (433). 9. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 1, wherein the pliers (1000) comprise a pair of folding bars (1001 and 1001′) configured to be unfolded or folded together with the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) by operation of the rack gear (611) and the pinion gear (710) during sliding movement of the cylinder rod (430). 10. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 9, wherein the pliers (1000) are gripper pliers (1100) having gripping force when folded, the gripper pliers (1100) being configured such that gripping recesses (1110 and 1110′) are formed with a gentle curvature in inner circumferential surfaces of the folding bars (1001 and 1001′) in order to grip a wire, and at least one pair of wire-seating recesses (1111 and 1111′) are formed at positions in the gripping recesses (1110 and 1110′) that correspond to each other, and
wherein the gripper pliers (1100) are configured to be replaceably mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′). 11. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 9, wherein the pliers (1000) are snap pliers (1200) providing spreading force when unfolded, the snap pliers (1200) being configured such that spreading portions (1210) are formed at outer surfaces of tips of the folding bars (1001 and 1001′) so as to be symmetrical with each other, and
wherein the folding bars (1001 and 1001′) are configured to be replaceably mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′). 12. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 9, wherein the pliers (1000) are any one of nipper pliers (1300) having cutting force when folded and comprising cutting portions (1310) formed symmetrically at inner surfaces of tips of the folding bars (1001 and 1001′), long nose pliers (1400) having gripping force when folded and comprising pincer portions (1410) formed symmetrically at inner surfaces of tips of the folding bars (1001 and 1001′), and pin-gripping pliers (1500) having gripping force when folded and comprising semicircular-shaped pin-gripping recesses (1510) formed symmetrically in inner surfaces of tips of the folding bars (1001 and 1001′), and
wherein any one of the nipper pliers (1300), the long nose pliers (1400), and the pin-gripping pliers (1500) is configured to be mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′). 13. An indirect live-wire construction method using a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work comprising a handle operation unit (10), comprising an oil tank (100), a pumping unit (200), a fixed block (300), and a cylinder unit (400) in order to control hydraulic pressure, an insulated extension stick (500), extending forwards from the handle operation unit (10), a gear gripper unit (20), extending forwards from the insulated extension stick (500) and comprising a grip holder (600) and pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′), and pliers (1000), formed at the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′),
wherein, during power distribution construction in presence of a live high-voltage wire, the method enables a worker to assure a safe separation distance from a power distribution line using the insulated extension stick (500) and to perform any one indirect live-wire work selected from among work of gripping a wire, work of spreading, peeling off, or putting on a sleeve cover or a dead-end cover enveloping a dead-end clamp, work of cutting a bind wire, a sheath, or a wire, work of gripping a small part, and work of gripping a connection pin (a cotter pin) used to connect a suspension insulator through hydraulic pumping operation using the handle operation unit (10) and operation of the pliers (1000). 14. The indirect live-wire construction method using a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 13, wherein gripper pliers (1100) providing gripping force when folded are prepared as the pliers (1000), and
wherein, during live-wire work, the gripper pliers (1100) are mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) to enable work of gripping a wire. 15. The indirect live-wire construction method using a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 13, wherein snap pliers (1200) providing spreading force when unfolded are prepared as the pliers (1000), and
wherein, during live-wire work, the snap pliers (1200) are mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) to enable work of spreading, peeling off, or putting on a sleeve cover or a dead-end cover enveloping a dead-end clamp. 16. The indirect live-wire construction method using a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 13, wherein at least one of nipper pliers (1300), long nose pliers (1400), or pin-gripping pliers (1500) is prepared as the pliers (1000), and is mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) during live-wire work, and
wherein the nipper pliers (1300) are used to enable work of cutting a bind wire, a sheath, or a wire, the long nose pliers (1400) are used to enable work of gripping a small part, or the pin-gripping pliers (1500) are used to enable work of gripping a connection pin (a cotter pin) used to connect a suspension insulator. | The present invention relates to a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work and the pliers stick and, more specifically, to a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work and an indirect live-wire construction method using the pliers stick, which: allow components or the like, which are installed on and removed from an electric pole in order to perform electric wire-stringing work or fix electric wires, to be remotely constructed by means of the indirect live-wire work while maintaining a safe distance from live wires when constructing power distribution equipment in an extra-high-voltage live-wire state; ensure safety by eliminating risks due to instability during work, said instability occurring due to the intensity of the labor and the physical limitations of the workers; and bring about improvements in utilization efficiency.1. A manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work, comprising:
a handle operation unit (10) configured to control hydraulic pressure; an insulated extension stick (500) in which an operation bar (510) is provided so as to be coupled at a rear end thereof to a distal end of a cylinder rod (430) and to protrude forwards, the insulated extension stick (500) being coupled at a rear end thereof to a cylinder unit (400) while surrounding the cylinder unit (400), the insulated extension stick (500) protruding forwards; and a gear gripper unit (20) configured to be folded and unfolded by operation of hydraulic pressure of the handle operation unit (10), wherein the handle operation unit (10) comprises: an oil tank (100) in which oil is charged, the oil tank (100) comprising an oil outlet (110) formed at a distal end thereof and an outer portion covered with a handle (120); a pumping unit (200) connected to the oil tank (100) to allow or interrupt of flow of oil, the pumping unit (200) comprising a first unfolding flow path (201) and a first folding flow path (202) formed therein to allow oil to flow therethrough; a fixed block (300) connected to a distal end of the pumping unit (200), the fixed block (300) comprising a second unfolding flow path (301) and a second folding flow path (302) formed therein so as to be connected to the first unfolding flow path (201) and the first folding flow path (202); and the cylinder unit (400) connected to a distal end of the fixed block (300), the cylinder unit (400) comprising a third unfolding flow path (401) formed therein so as to be connected to the second unfolding flow path (301) and a third folding flow path (402) formed therein so as to be connected to the second folding flow path (302), the cylinder rod (430) being formed at a distal end of the cylinder unit (400) so as to be slidable, and wherein the gear gripper unit (20) comprises: a grip holder (600) formed at a front portion of the insulated extension stick (500), the grip holder (600) comprising a sliding bar (610) formed through a center portion thereof, the sliding bar (610) comprising a rack gear (611) formed in a front portion thereof, the sliding bar (610) being coupled at a rear portion thereof to a distal end of the operation bar (510), the grip holder (600) comprising a pair of mounting bracket operation recesses (620 and 620′) formed in opposite sides of a front portion thereof; a pair of pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′), a rear portion of each of the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) being inserted into and pivotably mounted to a respective one of the mounting bracket operation recesses (620 and 620′), each of the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) comprising a pinion gear (710) formed in a circumferential portion of the pivotably mounted rear portion thereof so as to be threadedly engaged with the rack gear (611), the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) being configured to be unfolded or folded by sliding movement of the cylinder rod (430); and pliers (1000) mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′), the pliers (1000) being configured to be unfolded and folded together with the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′). 2. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 1, wherein the pumping unit (200) comprises:
a body (210) connected to the oil tank (100); a pressure chamber (220) formed in the body (210), the pressure chamber (220) accommodating a spring (222) elastically mounted therein and a piston (223) configured to be operated by an external hydraulic lever (221) in order to form hydraulic pressure; a branch chamber (230) connected to the pressure chamber (220) via a connection flow path (231) in the body (210), the branch chamber (230) communicating with the oil outlet (110) of the oil tank (100), the branch chamber (230) comprising the first unfolding flow path (201) and the first folding flow path (202) formed in opposite sides thereof to be open toward a distal end of the body (210), the branch chamber (230) being connected to the pressure chamber (220) via a one-way check valve (232) configured to be closed when pressure is applied thereto and to be opened when pressure applied thereto is released; and a directional control valve (240) configured to slide by reciprocating through the body (210) and to penetrate middle portions of the first unfolding flow path (201) and the first folding flow path (202) to divide each of the first unfolding flow path (201) and the first folding flow path (202), the directional control valve (240) comprising a pair of first and second flow paths (241 and 242) formed in a circumferential portion thereof to be selectively connected to the first unfolding flow path (201) or the first folding flow path (202) and to the connection flow path (231) during sliding movement thereof in order to adjust connection directionality of the divided first unfolding flow path (201) or the divided first folding flow path (202) during sliding movement thereof. 3. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 1, wherein the insulated extension stick (500) further comprises a handle safe-distance portion (520) formed on an outer circumferential portion thereof. 4. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 1, wherein a valve chamber (311) is formed in the fixed block (300) to divide each of the second unfolding flow path (301) and the second folding flow path (302) into two parts comprising a rear part oriented toward the handle operation unit (10) and a front part oriented toward the gear gripper unit (20), and
wherein a bidirectional check valve (310) is further included in the valve chamber (311) to connect the divided second unfolding flow path (301) or the divided second folding flow path (302) according to a direction in which hydraulic pressure is applied to the second unfolding flow path (301) or the second folding flow path (302). 5. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 4, wherein the bidirectional check valve (310) comprises:
an unfolding valve unit (321) coupled to one side of the valve chamber (311), the unfolding valve unit (321) comprising an unfolding oil chamber (321 a) formed therein to connect the divided second unfolding flow path (301) and an unfolding valve (322) formed in the unfolding oil chamber (321 a) to allow or interrupt connection of the divided second unfolding flow path (301) through sliding movement thereof; a folding valve unit (325) coupled to an opposite side of the valve chamber (311), the folding valve unit (325) comprising a folding oil chamber (325 a) formed therein to connect the divided second folding flow path (302) and a folding valve (326) formed in the folding oil chamber (325 a) to allow or interrupt connection of the divided second folding flow path (302) through sliding movement thereof; and a valve piston (328) formed between the unfolding valve unit (321) and the folding valve unit (325) in the valve chamber (311) to adjust an opening/closing amount of the unfolding valve (322) or the folding valve (326) according to a direction in which hydraulic pressure is applied to the second unfolding flow path (301) or the second folding flow path (302) through reciprocating movement thereof by hydraulic pressure. 6. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 4, wherein the bidirectional check valve (310) comprises:
a pair of closing caps (331 and 331′) configured to close opposite ends of the valve chamber (311); a valve piston (335) configured to adjust an opening/closing amount of the second unfolding flow path (301) or the second folding flow path (302), divided into the front part and the rear part, according to a direction in which hydraulic pressure is applied to the second unfolding flow path (301) or the second folding flow path (302) through reciprocating movement thereof by hydraulic pressure in the valve chamber (311); and a pair of piston springs (339 and 339′) elastically mounted between opposite ends of the valve piston (335) and the closing caps (331 and 331′) to apply elastic force to the valve piston (335), and wherein the valve piston (335) comprises: an unfolding flow path communication portion (336) having an inclined surface (336 a) extending from one end of the valve piston (335) such that a diameter thereof gradually decreases and an unfolding flow path support protrusion (336 b) formed at an end thereof so as to interfere with one (331) of the closing caps during operation of the valve piston (335) in order to form or interrupt connection between the second unfolding flow path (301) and the valve chamber (311); and a folding flow path communication portion (337) having an inclined surface (337 a) extending from an opposite end of the valve piston (335) such that a diameter thereof gradually decreases and a folding flow path support protrusion (337 b) formed at an end thereof so as to interfere with a remaining one (331′) of the closing caps during operation of the valve piston (335) in order to form or interrupt connection between the second folding flow path (302) and the valve chamber (311). 7. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 6, wherein a spherical-shaped ball-type unfolding flow path check valve (341) is further included in the front part of the second unfolding flow path (301), the unfolding flow path check valve (341) being elastically supported by a spring (342) mounted in the front part of the second unfolding flow path (301) so as to protrude into the valve chamber (311) and to block connection with the valve chamber (311),
wherein a spherical-shaped ball-type folding flow path check valve (351) is further included in the front part of the second folding flow path (302), the folding flow path check valve (351) being elastically supported by a spring (352) mounted in the front part of the second folding flow path (302) so as to protrude into the valve chamber (311) and to block connection with the valve chamber (311), wherein a stepped protrusion (301 a) is further formed on an end portion of the second unfolding flow path (301) that is adjacent to the valve chamber (311), wherein a stepped protrusion (302 a) is further formed on an end portion of the second folding flow path (302) that is adjacent to the valve chamber (311), and wherein each of the unfolding flow path check valve (341) and the folding flow path check valve (351) is formed to have a diameter smaller than an inner diameter of a corresponding one of the second unfolding flow path (301) and the second folding flow path (302). 8. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder unit (400) comprises:
a cylinder body (410) coupled to the fixed block (300), the cylinder body (410) comprising a piston chamber (411) formed therein so as to be open forwards, the third unfolding flow path (401) formed in one side of a rear portion thereof so as to connect the second unfolding flow path (301) to the piston chamber (411), and the third folding flow path (402) formed in a center of the rear portion thereof so as to connect the second folding flow path (302) to the piston chamber (411); a guide pipe (420) coupled to a center of a rear end of the piston chamber (411) in the piston chamber (411), the guide pipe (420) comprising a through-hole (421) formed in a center thereof so as to communicate with the third folding flow path (402); the cylinder rod (430) comprising a cylinder piston (431) formed at a rear end thereof so as to be accommodated in the piston chamber (411), a guide groove (432) formed in a rear portion thereof to allow the guide pipe (420) to be inserted thereinto and slide therein, and a flow path communication hole (433) formed in a circumferential portion thereof so as to communicate with the guide groove (432); and a closing cap (440) configured to close a distal end of the cylinder body (410) and to allow the cylinder rod (430) to penetrate a center thereof, the closing cap (440) comprising an oil groove (441) formed in a rear end thereof, the oil groove (441) having a larger diameter than the cylinder rod (430) and communicating with the piston chamber (411) and the flow path communication hole (433). 9. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 1, wherein the pliers (1000) comprise a pair of folding bars (1001 and 1001′) configured to be unfolded or folded together with the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) by operation of the rack gear (611) and the pinion gear (710) during sliding movement of the cylinder rod (430). 10. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 9, wherein the pliers (1000) are gripper pliers (1100) having gripping force when folded, the gripper pliers (1100) being configured such that gripping recesses (1110 and 1110′) are formed with a gentle curvature in inner circumferential surfaces of the folding bars (1001 and 1001′) in order to grip a wire, and at least one pair of wire-seating recesses (1111 and 1111′) are formed at positions in the gripping recesses (1110 and 1110′) that correspond to each other, and
wherein the gripper pliers (1100) are configured to be replaceably mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′). 11. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 9, wherein the pliers (1000) are snap pliers (1200) providing spreading force when unfolded, the snap pliers (1200) being configured such that spreading portions (1210) are formed at outer surfaces of tips of the folding bars (1001 and 1001′) so as to be symmetrical with each other, and
wherein the folding bars (1001 and 1001′) are configured to be replaceably mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′). 12. The manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 9, wherein the pliers (1000) are any one of nipper pliers (1300) having cutting force when folded and comprising cutting portions (1310) formed symmetrically at inner surfaces of tips of the folding bars (1001 and 1001′), long nose pliers (1400) having gripping force when folded and comprising pincer portions (1410) formed symmetrically at inner surfaces of tips of the folding bars (1001 and 1001′), and pin-gripping pliers (1500) having gripping force when folded and comprising semicircular-shaped pin-gripping recesses (1510) formed symmetrically in inner surfaces of tips of the folding bars (1001 and 1001′), and
wherein any one of the nipper pliers (1300), the long nose pliers (1400), and the pin-gripping pliers (1500) is configured to be mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′). 13. An indirect live-wire construction method using a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work comprising a handle operation unit (10), comprising an oil tank (100), a pumping unit (200), a fixed block (300), and a cylinder unit (400) in order to control hydraulic pressure, an insulated extension stick (500), extending forwards from the handle operation unit (10), a gear gripper unit (20), extending forwards from the insulated extension stick (500) and comprising a grip holder (600) and pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′), and pliers (1000), formed at the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′),
wherein, during power distribution construction in presence of a live high-voltage wire, the method enables a worker to assure a safe separation distance from a power distribution line using the insulated extension stick (500) and to perform any one indirect live-wire work selected from among work of gripping a wire, work of spreading, peeling off, or putting on a sleeve cover or a dead-end cover enveloping a dead-end clamp, work of cutting a bind wire, a sheath, or a wire, work of gripping a small part, and work of gripping a connection pin (a cotter pin) used to connect a suspension insulator through hydraulic pumping operation using the handle operation unit (10) and operation of the pliers (1000). 14. The indirect live-wire construction method using a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 13, wherein gripper pliers (1100) providing gripping force when folded are prepared as the pliers (1000), and
wherein, during live-wire work, the gripper pliers (1100) are mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) to enable work of gripping a wire. 15. The indirect live-wire construction method using a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 13, wherein snap pliers (1200) providing spreading force when unfolded are prepared as the pliers (1000), and
wherein, during live-wire work, the snap pliers (1200) are mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) to enable work of spreading, peeling off, or putting on a sleeve cover or a dead-end cover enveloping a dead-end clamp. 16. The indirect live-wire construction method using a manual hydraulic multi-functional extra-high-voltage insulating gear gripper pliers stick for live-wire work according to claim 13, wherein at least one of nipper pliers (1300), long nose pliers (1400), or pin-gripping pliers (1500) is prepared as the pliers (1000), and is mounted to the pliers mounting brackets (700 and 700′) during live-wire work, and
wherein the nipper pliers (1300) are used to enable work of cutting a bind wire, a sheath, or a wire, the long nose pliers (1400) are used to enable work of gripping a small part, or the pin-gripping pliers (1500) are used to enable work of gripping a connection pin (a cotter pin) used to connect a suspension insulator. | 2,600 |
340,698 | 16,642,170 | 2,641 | A method is provided that provides information exchange between mobile devices that are near each other. Upon determining that a first mobile device is located near a second mobile device, information is exchanged between a first virtual personal assistant associated with the first mobile device and a second virtual personal assistant associated with the second mobile device. The information is compared to identify an overlapping topic in the information. If there is overlapping information, the users of the mobile devices are alerted to the overlapping topic. | 1. A method comprising:
determining that a first mobile device is located near a second mobile device; exchanging information between a first virtual personal assistant associated with the first mobile device and a second virtual personal assistant associated with the second mobile device; comparing the information to identify an overlapping topic in the information; and alerting one of the users of the overlapping topic. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of exchanging information comprises sending a query to a database including a topic. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of exchanging information comprises exchanging information over an ad-hoc network. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of exchanging information comprises exchanging information via direct communication between the first mobile device and the second mobile device. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the overlapping topic comprises a predetermined event. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the overlapping topic comprises a timeline. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the overlapping topic comprises a predetermined place. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of alerting one of the users of the overlapping topic comprises alerting one of the users of the overlapping topic without revealing any personal information related to the other user. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the overlapping information comprises a priority level. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of alerting one of the users of the overlapping topic comprises alerting via a text message. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of alerting one of the users of the overlapping topic comprises alerting via an audio message. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of alerting one of the users of the overlapping topic comprises alerting via visual augmentation. 13. A method comprising:
capturing a meeting note from a first virtual personal assistant associated with a first public safety officer; determining that the first personal safety officer is within close physical proximity to a second public safety officer; sharing information between the first virtual personal assistant and a second virtual personal assistant associated with the second public safety officer; retrieving data by the first public safety officer relating to the second public safety officer; retrieving data by the second public safety officer relating to the first public safety officer; determining if the data relating to the second public safety officer is related to the meeting note; alerting the first public safety officer that the second public safety officer has data related to the meeting note; and alerting the second public safety officer of the meeting note. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of alerting the first public safety officer that the second public safety officer has data related to the meeting note comprises alerting the first public safety officer that the second public safety officer has data related to the meeting note over an ad-hoc network. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of alerting the first public safety officer that the second public safety officer has data related to the meeting note comprises alerting the first public safety officer that the second public safety officer has data related to the meeting note via direct communication between the first mobile device and the second mobile device. 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of determining if the data relating to the second public safety officer is related to the meeting note comprises determining if the data relating to the second public safety officer is related to a predetermined event. 17. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of determining if the data relating to the second public safety officer is related to the meeting note comprises determining if the data relating to the second public safety officer comprises a predetermined place. 18. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of alerting the first public safety officer that the second public safety officer has data related to the meeting note comprises alerting the first public safety officer that the second public safety officer has data related to the meeting note without revealing any personal information related to the second public safety officer. 19. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of alerting the first public safety officer that the second public safety officer has data related to the meeting note comprises alerting the first public safety officer that the second public safety officer has data related to the meeting note via a text message. 20. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of alerting the first public safety officer that the second public safety officer has data related to the meeting note comprises alerting the first public safety officer that the second public safety officer has data related to the meeting note via an audio message. | A method is provided that provides information exchange between mobile devices that are near each other. Upon determining that a first mobile device is located near a second mobile device, information is exchanged between a first virtual personal assistant associated with the first mobile device and a second virtual personal assistant associated with the second mobile device. The information is compared to identify an overlapping topic in the information. If there is overlapping information, the users of the mobile devices are alerted to the overlapping topic.1. A method comprising:
determining that a first mobile device is located near a second mobile device; exchanging information between a first virtual personal assistant associated with the first mobile device and a second virtual personal assistant associated with the second mobile device; comparing the information to identify an overlapping topic in the information; and alerting one of the users of the overlapping topic. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of exchanging information comprises sending a query to a database including a topic. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of exchanging information comprises exchanging information over an ad-hoc network. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of exchanging information comprises exchanging information via direct communication between the first mobile device and the second mobile device. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the overlapping topic comprises a predetermined event. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the overlapping topic comprises a timeline. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the overlapping topic comprises a predetermined place. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of alerting one of the users of the overlapping topic comprises alerting one of the users of the overlapping topic without revealing any personal information related to the other user. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the overlapping information comprises a priority level. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of alerting one of the users of the overlapping topic comprises alerting via a text message. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of alerting one of the users of the overlapping topic comprises alerting via an audio message. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of alerting one of the users of the overlapping topic comprises alerting via visual augmentation. 13. A method comprising:
capturing a meeting note from a first virtual personal assistant associated with a first public safety officer; determining that the first personal safety officer is within close physical proximity to a second public safety officer; sharing information between the first virtual personal assistant and a second virtual personal assistant associated with the second public safety officer; retrieving data by the first public safety officer relating to the second public safety officer; retrieving data by the second public safety officer relating to the first public safety officer; determining if the data relating to the second public safety officer is related to the meeting note; alerting the first public safety officer that the second public safety officer has data related to the meeting note; and alerting the second public safety officer of the meeting note. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of alerting the first public safety officer that the second public safety officer has data related to the meeting note comprises alerting the first public safety officer that the second public safety officer has data related to the meeting note over an ad-hoc network. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of alerting the first public safety officer that the second public safety officer has data related to the meeting note comprises alerting the first public safety officer that the second public safety officer has data related to the meeting note via direct communication between the first mobile device and the second mobile device. 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of determining if the data relating to the second public safety officer is related to the meeting note comprises determining if the data relating to the second public safety officer is related to a predetermined event. 17. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of determining if the data relating to the second public safety officer is related to the meeting note comprises determining if the data relating to the second public safety officer comprises a predetermined place. 18. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of alerting the first public safety officer that the second public safety officer has data related to the meeting note comprises alerting the first public safety officer that the second public safety officer has data related to the meeting note without revealing any personal information related to the second public safety officer. 19. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of alerting the first public safety officer that the second public safety officer has data related to the meeting note comprises alerting the first public safety officer that the second public safety officer has data related to the meeting note via a text message. 20. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of alerting the first public safety officer that the second public safety officer has data related to the meeting note comprises alerting the first public safety officer that the second public safety officer has data related to the meeting note via an audio message. | 2,600 |
340,699 | 16,642,172 | 2,641 | A temperature swing adsorption process for removing a target component from a gaseous mixture, said process being carried out in a plurality of reactors, wherein each reactor performs: (a) adsorption of the target component providing a loaded adsorbent and a waste stream; (b) heating of the loaded adsorbent and desorption of target component, providing an output stream; (c) cooling of the adsorbent; a rinse step (a1) before the heating (b), wherein the loaded adsorbent is contacted with a rinse stream containing the target component, producing a purge stream depleted of the target component; a purge step (b1) before the cooling (c), wherein the adsorbent is contacted with the purge stream provided by another reactor while performing the rinse step (a1), thus producing an output stream containing the target component, wherein said rinse stream comprises at least a portion of the output stream provided by another reactor while performing the purge step (b1). | 1-18. (canceled) 19. A temperature swing adsorption process for removing a target component from a gaseous mixture containing at least one side component besides the target component, said temperature swing adsorption process being carried out in a plurality of reactors, wherein each reactor of the plurality of reactors performs a process comprising:
(a) an adsorption step, comprising contacting an input stream of said gaseous mixture with a solid adsorbent and adsorption of target component from said input stream, providing a target component-loaded adsorbent and a waste stream depleted of the target component; (b) heating of said loaded adsorbent and desorption of a first amount of target component, providing a partially regenerated adsorbent and a first output stream containing the desorbed target component; (c) cooling of said at least partially regenerated adsorbent, the process of each of the plurality of reactors including:
a rinse step (a1) after said adsorption step (a) and before said heating step (b), wherein said loaded adsorbent is contacted with a rinse stream containing the target component, wherein an amount of target component contained in said rinse stream is adsorbed and a purge stream depleted of the target component is produced;
a purge step (b1) before said cooling step (c), wherein the partially regenerated adsorbent is contacted with at least a portion of the purge stream which is provided by at least one other reactor of said plurality of reactors while performing the rinse step (a1), wherein a second amount of target component is released providing a second output stream containing the target component;
wherein the rinse stream used in said rinse step (a1) comprises at least a portion of the second output stream provided by at least one other reactor of said plurality of reactors while performing the purge step (b1),
wherein a first reactor performs the purge step (b1) providing said second output stream and a second reactor performs the rinse step (a1) providing said purge stream, wherein at least a portion of said second output stream is used as rinse stream for the rinse step (a1) of said second reactor and at least a portion of said purge stream is used for the purge step (b1) of said first reactor, thus forming a closed loop between said first and second reactor. 20. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19, wherein said at least a portion of the purge stream and said at least a portion of the second output stream acting as rinse stream are provided by two different reactors. 21. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19, wherein said at least a portion of the second output stream used as rinse stream and said at least a portion of the purge stream are routed to suitable compressors to ensure their circulation in the closed loop. 22. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19, wherein said at least a portion of the second output stream is exchanged with or without an intermediate storage in a suitable tank from said at least one other reactor undergoing the purge step (b1) to said reactor undergoing the rinse step (a1), and said at least a portion of the purge stream is exchanged with or without an intermediate storage in a suitable tank from said at least one other reactor undergoing the rinse step (a1) to said reactor undergoing the purge step (b1). 23. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19, wherein said at least a portion of the purge stream is cooled prior to subjection to the purge step (b1). 24. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19, wherein said at least a portion of the second output stream is heated prior to subjection to said rinse step (a1). 25. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19, wherein said heating step (b) comprises direct heat exchange with a heating medium in contact with the adsorbent, said heating medium being a stream containing predominantly the target component. 26. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19, wherein the cooling step (c) comprises direct heat exchange with a cooling medium in contact with the adsorbent, said cooling medium being preferably a target component depleted-waste stream. 27. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 26, wherein the cooling step (c) comprises direct heat exchange with at least a portion of the waste stream provided by at least one other reactor of said plurality of reactors while performing the adsorption step (a), said at least a portion of the waste stream being optionally cooled prior to subjection to the cooling step (c). 28. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19, wherein the heating step (b) and/or the cooling step (c) comprises indirect heat exchange. 29. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19, each reactor of said plurality of reactors performing a preliminary heating step (a2) after said rinse step (a1) and before said main heating (b), wherein during said preliminary heating (a2) a gaseous product containing said at least one side component is released from the adsorbent and is recycled to a reactor undergoing the adsorption step (a) or the rinse step (a1). 30. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 29, wherein at least one of the following conditions applies:
the time duration of the preliminary heating (a2) is from 0.1 to 10 times the time duration of the rinse step (a1); the time duration of the heating step (b) is from 10 to 70 times the time duration of the rinse step (a1); or the time duration of the cooling step (c) is from 10 to 50 times the time duration of the purge step (b1). 31. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19, wherein the temperature of the heating step (b) is not greater than 250° C. 32. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 31, wherein the temperature of the heating step (b) is not greater than 200° C. 33. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 31, wherein the temperature of the heating step (b) is not greater than 170° C. 34. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19, wherein said target component includes carbon dioxide. 35. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19 wherein said gaseous mixture includes a flue gas. 36. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 33, wherein said flue gas includes a flue gas of an ammonia plant, methanol plant, or urea plant. 37. A plant for treating a gaseous mixture and removing a target component from said gaseous mixture with the process of claim 19, the plant comprising:
a plurality of reactors, each of the plurality of reactors containing an adsorbent bed for selectively adsorbing said target component, wherein:
each of the plurality of reactors operates a sequence of steps comprising: adsorption of the target component in the adsorbent bed, rinse of the adsorbent with a stream containing the target component, heating of the adsorbent for desorption of the target component, purge of the adsorbent with a stream depleted of the target component and cooling of the so obtained regenerated adsorbent,
wherein the reactors are interconnected so that each of the plurality of reactors:
during the purge step receives at least part of the stream depleted of the target component which is provided by at least one other reactor of said plurality of reactors while performing the rinse step;
during the rinse step receives at least part of the stream containing the target component which is provided by at least one other reactor of said plurality of reactors while performing the purge step; and
a first reactor performs the purge step (b1) providing an output stream and a second reactor performs the rinse step (a1) providing a purge stream, wherein at least a portion of said output stream of the first reactor is used as rinse stream for the rinse step (a1) of said second reactor and at least a portion of said purge stream of from the second reactor is used for the purge step (b1) of said first reactor, thus forming a closed loop between said first and second reactor. | A temperature swing adsorption process for removing a target component from a gaseous mixture, said process being carried out in a plurality of reactors, wherein each reactor performs: (a) adsorption of the target component providing a loaded adsorbent and a waste stream; (b) heating of the loaded adsorbent and desorption of target component, providing an output stream; (c) cooling of the adsorbent; a rinse step (a1) before the heating (b), wherein the loaded adsorbent is contacted with a rinse stream containing the target component, producing a purge stream depleted of the target component; a purge step (b1) before the cooling (c), wherein the adsorbent is contacted with the purge stream provided by another reactor while performing the rinse step (a1), thus producing an output stream containing the target component, wherein said rinse stream comprises at least a portion of the output stream provided by another reactor while performing the purge step (b1).1-18. (canceled) 19. A temperature swing adsorption process for removing a target component from a gaseous mixture containing at least one side component besides the target component, said temperature swing adsorption process being carried out in a plurality of reactors, wherein each reactor of the plurality of reactors performs a process comprising:
(a) an adsorption step, comprising contacting an input stream of said gaseous mixture with a solid adsorbent and adsorption of target component from said input stream, providing a target component-loaded adsorbent and a waste stream depleted of the target component; (b) heating of said loaded adsorbent and desorption of a first amount of target component, providing a partially regenerated adsorbent and a first output stream containing the desorbed target component; (c) cooling of said at least partially regenerated adsorbent, the process of each of the plurality of reactors including:
a rinse step (a1) after said adsorption step (a) and before said heating step (b), wherein said loaded adsorbent is contacted with a rinse stream containing the target component, wherein an amount of target component contained in said rinse stream is adsorbed and a purge stream depleted of the target component is produced;
a purge step (b1) before said cooling step (c), wherein the partially regenerated adsorbent is contacted with at least a portion of the purge stream which is provided by at least one other reactor of said plurality of reactors while performing the rinse step (a1), wherein a second amount of target component is released providing a second output stream containing the target component;
wherein the rinse stream used in said rinse step (a1) comprises at least a portion of the second output stream provided by at least one other reactor of said plurality of reactors while performing the purge step (b1),
wherein a first reactor performs the purge step (b1) providing said second output stream and a second reactor performs the rinse step (a1) providing said purge stream, wherein at least a portion of said second output stream is used as rinse stream for the rinse step (a1) of said second reactor and at least a portion of said purge stream is used for the purge step (b1) of said first reactor, thus forming a closed loop between said first and second reactor. 20. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19, wherein said at least a portion of the purge stream and said at least a portion of the second output stream acting as rinse stream are provided by two different reactors. 21. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19, wherein said at least a portion of the second output stream used as rinse stream and said at least a portion of the purge stream are routed to suitable compressors to ensure their circulation in the closed loop. 22. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19, wherein said at least a portion of the second output stream is exchanged with or without an intermediate storage in a suitable tank from said at least one other reactor undergoing the purge step (b1) to said reactor undergoing the rinse step (a1), and said at least a portion of the purge stream is exchanged with or without an intermediate storage in a suitable tank from said at least one other reactor undergoing the rinse step (a1) to said reactor undergoing the purge step (b1). 23. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19, wherein said at least a portion of the purge stream is cooled prior to subjection to the purge step (b1). 24. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19, wherein said at least a portion of the second output stream is heated prior to subjection to said rinse step (a1). 25. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19, wherein said heating step (b) comprises direct heat exchange with a heating medium in contact with the adsorbent, said heating medium being a stream containing predominantly the target component. 26. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19, wherein the cooling step (c) comprises direct heat exchange with a cooling medium in contact with the adsorbent, said cooling medium being preferably a target component depleted-waste stream. 27. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 26, wherein the cooling step (c) comprises direct heat exchange with at least a portion of the waste stream provided by at least one other reactor of said plurality of reactors while performing the adsorption step (a), said at least a portion of the waste stream being optionally cooled prior to subjection to the cooling step (c). 28. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19, wherein the heating step (b) and/or the cooling step (c) comprises indirect heat exchange. 29. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19, each reactor of said plurality of reactors performing a preliminary heating step (a2) after said rinse step (a1) and before said main heating (b), wherein during said preliminary heating (a2) a gaseous product containing said at least one side component is released from the adsorbent and is recycled to a reactor undergoing the adsorption step (a) or the rinse step (a1). 30. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 29, wherein at least one of the following conditions applies:
the time duration of the preliminary heating (a2) is from 0.1 to 10 times the time duration of the rinse step (a1); the time duration of the heating step (b) is from 10 to 70 times the time duration of the rinse step (a1); or the time duration of the cooling step (c) is from 10 to 50 times the time duration of the purge step (b1). 31. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19, wherein the temperature of the heating step (b) is not greater than 250° C. 32. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 31, wherein the temperature of the heating step (b) is not greater than 200° C. 33. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 31, wherein the temperature of the heating step (b) is not greater than 170° C. 34. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19, wherein said target component includes carbon dioxide. 35. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 19 wherein said gaseous mixture includes a flue gas. 36. The temperature swing adsorption process of claim 33, wherein said flue gas includes a flue gas of an ammonia plant, methanol plant, or urea plant. 37. A plant for treating a gaseous mixture and removing a target component from said gaseous mixture with the process of claim 19, the plant comprising:
a plurality of reactors, each of the plurality of reactors containing an adsorbent bed for selectively adsorbing said target component, wherein:
each of the plurality of reactors operates a sequence of steps comprising: adsorption of the target component in the adsorbent bed, rinse of the adsorbent with a stream containing the target component, heating of the adsorbent for desorption of the target component, purge of the adsorbent with a stream depleted of the target component and cooling of the so obtained regenerated adsorbent,
wherein the reactors are interconnected so that each of the plurality of reactors:
during the purge step receives at least part of the stream depleted of the target component which is provided by at least one other reactor of said plurality of reactors while performing the rinse step;
during the rinse step receives at least part of the stream containing the target component which is provided by at least one other reactor of said plurality of reactors while performing the purge step; and
a first reactor performs the purge step (b1) providing an output stream and a second reactor performs the rinse step (a1) providing a purge stream, wherein at least a portion of said output stream of the first reactor is used as rinse stream for the rinse step (a1) of said second reactor and at least a portion of said purge stream of from the second reactor is used for the purge step (b1) of said first reactor, thus forming a closed loop between said first and second reactor. | 2,600 |
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