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Under Edward the Confessor , Ruislip had been valued at £ 30 , though the reduction to £ 12 by the time Ernulf de Hesdin took possession is believed to have been caused by a passing unit of the Norman Army taking crops . This led to the construction of buildings at Manor Farm to protect produce .
Before leaving England to fight in the Holy Lands , Ernulf de Hesdin gave ownership of Ruislip to the Benedictine Bec Abbey in 1087 . He died fighting and is commemorated in annual masses held in June at Sacred Heart Church and on the remains of the Motte @-@ and @-@ bailey at Manor Farm .
= = = Early developments = = =
The parish church , St Martin 's , has been dated to the mid @-@ 13th century . An earlier church is believed to have been built during the Norman period , as a stone was found within the grounds with markings from that time . The name St. Martin is believed to have been given to the church by the monks of the Bec Abbey , after Martin of Tours , a saint in Normandy . Before 1245 , references to the church only name it as " Ruislip church " .
The present church was believed to have been built upon the insistence of the Proctor @-@ General , William de <unk> , under the ownership of Bec Abbey , to serve the growing population . He used the priory at Manor Farm as his main residence The first recorded vicar was William de <unk> in 1327 . The building itself has been remodelled in parts over the centuries and was substantially restored by George Gilbert Scott in 1870 . It received Grade B listed status as an Anglican church in 1950 , corresponding as Grade II .
Under the ownership of the Bec Abbey , timber from the woods around Ruislip – Park Wood , Mad Bess Wood and Copse Wood – was used in the construction of the Tower of London in 1339 , Windsor Castle in 1344 , the Palace of Westminster in 1346 and the manor of the Black Prince in Kennington . The woods were coppiced on rotation throughout the years with the timber sold to local tanneries . By the time King 's College took ownership of the manor , the woods were let for sport , with pheasants kept for shooting .
= = = Urban development = = =
In 1812 , Bishop Winnington Ingram School was established by the vestry of St Martin 's church in Eastcote Road . The school had 111 pupils by 1845 but fell into a state of disrepair until it was rebuilt in 1931 .
Ruislip came under the jurisdiction of the Metropolitan Police in 1845 . By 1869 , the police were renting a house in the High Street to serve as the local police station , the copyhold of which was purchased in 1873 . A new station was built in The Oaks in 1961 .
In 1863 , the White Bear public house came under the ownership of the Harman 's Brewery in Uxbridge . It had been built close to Primrose Hill Farm near the junction of the Ickenham Road and Kings End . Kings End was a hamlet , with one building dating back to the 16th century . It was named after a family who had lived there at that time .
A well was sunk in 1864 in the High Street at the junction with Bury Street , constructed by Mr Charles Page from Uxbridge . The first 15 @-@ foot ( 4 @.@ 6 m ) were dug , before 90 @.@ 75 @-@ foot ( 27 @.@ 66 m ) was bored through the London clay and the final 30 @-@ foot ( 9 @.@ 1 m ) was cut through chalk . A drought in 1898 led to the parish council requesting a well be created on what are now the Pinn Meadows , to make use of the natural spring there . The Colne River Water Company agreed , upon the guarantee of £ 45 per year , and the service was established .
A report had been prepared for the parish council in 1903 which noted the population in Northwood – 2 @,@ 700 by that time , with 530 houses – compared with the largely rural character of the rest of Ruislip parish . At a meeting of the Ruislip parish council on 28 October 1903 , the forthcoming extension of the Metropolitan Railway from Harrow on the Hill to Uxbridge was also discussed as it was known that a station would be opened in Ruislip on the new line . Councillors were also aware that King 's College , Cambridge , owners of much of the land in the parish and lords of the manor , were planning to sell some for development . With this in mind , a vote was cast which went in favour of becoming an urban district . The new district was designed to better reflect to increase in development , as councillors felt a parish council would work slower than an urban district .
The first train on the new railway line ran on 30 June 1904 , and the new station at Ruislip opened on 4 July . The area became popular with ramblers , who would head to the Ruislip Lido , and general day @-@ trippers who sought out the countryside . Local residents in Ruislip established their own tea gardens , which they advertised for the visitors . In particular , the <unk> , a Georgian house built in 1774 on the corner of the High Street and Ickenham Road , opened a tea garden in the grounds . It was eventually demolished in 1929 to make way for shops . A similar establishment was opened in light of the new railway on the corner of Sharps Lane , known as The Orchard Bungalow . It was eventually expanded and became The Orchard Hotel .
The new urban district was formed on 30 September 1904 , covering the parish , which had previously been part of the Uxbridge Rural District . At the time the parish incorporated Ruislip Manor , South Ruislip , Eastcote and Northwood . The new urban district council held its first meeting at Northwood School on 1 October , the day after forming .
Kings End was developed as a residential road in the early 1900s . By 1907 , the first of the new homes were completed and residents began to move into them . The road was named Kings End Avenue , though reverted to the original name of Kings End later in the century .
The district experienced a sharp rise in population , from 6 @,@ 217 in 1911 to 72 @,@ 791 in 1961 , caused by the extension of the Metropolitan Railway , termed Metro @-@ land , which brought with it an increase in suburban house building . As a consequence , the district was one of the first in England to devise a statutory planning scheme in 1914 , following the Housing and Town Planning Act 1909 . The council had been prompted to follow this new act by the Chairman of the Council , a Mr. Elgood , an architect , and the Clerk to the Council , Mr. Abbot . Members of the council had already raised concerns over some of the new building work around Eastcote and South Ruislip , and the new development near Northwood station which they described as " badly arranged and closely @-@ packed " .
Together with King 's College , the urban district council worked to establish plots of land for development around Ruislip and Ruislip Manor . A town planning competition was held , won by A & J Soutar from Wandsworth , who sought to create a symmetrical design spreading across Ruislip parish . Many of the woods and historic sites including Manor Farm were to be demolished and cleared as part of the plan , making way for a projected total of 7 @,@ 642 homes , enough for 35 @,@ 000 residents . Only St. Martin 's church would have been spared . An outline map was made public on 30 November 1910 with few objections recorded . A Local Board inquiry followed on 17 February 1911 which required negotiations with landowners to allow for a full planning scheme to be compiled . This was presented in February 1913 with an adaptation of the original Soutars plan , receiving approval from the Local Government Board in September 1914 . Three roads with residential housing , Manor Way , Windmill Way and Park Way were completed before the outbreak of the First World War when all construction work was halted . It did not resume until 1919 .
Manor Farm and the local woods eventually avoided demolition in January 1930 , after the visit by a member of the Royal Society of Arts to choose the buildings that should be conserved . The Great Barn and Little Barn were singled out from the site , together with the old Post Office , the Old Bell public house and the Priest 's House of the local church . The woods were included in a sale by King 's College to the district in February 1931 . Park Wood was sold for £ 28 @,@ 100 with Manor Farm and the old Post Office included as a gift to the people of Ruislip . King 's had wished to also present the wood as a gift but was required by the University and Colleges Act to receive payment as it was the trustee of the land . Middlesex County Council contributed 75 % of the cost as the urban district council argued that many of those who would make use of the land would be recreational day @-@ trippers from outside the district . Under a 999 @-@ year lease , the council agreed to maintain the wood and ensure no new building was constructed without the permission of the county council . An area of the wood to the south was not included in the lease agreement and three residential roads were later constructed on it .
Copse Wood was later purchased by Middlesex County Council and London County Council in 1936 for £ 23 @,@ 250 , later joined by Mad Bess Wood in the same year . The urban district council purchased the 186 acres ( 75 ha ) wood together with Middlesex and London County Councils for £ 28 @,@ 000 in a compulsory purchase from Sir Howard Stransom Button . Sir Howard became High Sheriff of Middlesex in 1937 .
On the 19th of December 1946 a Railway Air Services Dakota 3 airliner taking @-@ off from Northolt crashed into a house in Angus Drive , Ruislip , fortunately with no serous injuries to anyone , either in the aircraft or on the ground .
On 6 January 1948 a British European Airways Vickers <unk> Viking flying from Renfrew Airport to RAF Northolt crashed in a ploughed field in Ruislip , five miles from the runway . The crew had tried to land the aircraft twice unsuccessfully when the aircraft struck a tree on the third approach attempt . Of the 18 passengers and crew on board , one crew member was killed in the crash .
In 1961 , the Portland Spy Ring was uncovered . Peter and Helen Kroger were found to have been involved , while living in Ruislip . They were visited each Saturday evening by Gordon Lonsdale and were eventually placed under police surveillance . The Krogers were eventually arrested and found to have codes , a <unk> reader and film of the Admiralty Underwater Weapons Establishment in Portland Harbour concealed within ordinary household items . A radio transmitter hidden in the garden was not retrieved until 1977 .
Primrose Hill Farm was demolished to make way for housing in 1965 . Field End Farm , covering 50 acres ( 20 ha ) at the junction of Wood Lane and West End Road , was demolished in 1966 . The farm house had been owned by the manor of Northolt under the name of <unk> . Bishop Winnington Ingram School moved to Southcote Rise in 1968 and the original school building was demolished . In 1976 , the war memorial dedicated to those killed during the First World War was moved from the graveyard of St Martin 's to the entrance of Manor Farm . Bury Street Farm near the Plough was demolished in 1980 .
In 1984 , the Battle of Britain House , built within Copse Wood in 1905 , was destroyed by fire and the ruins demolished . The house became a college in 1948 and included plaques with the crests of all Royal Air Force squadrons involved in the Battle of Britain as a memorial .
In April 2007 , restoration work began on the Manor Farm site using funding from the Heritage Lottery Fund . The work was completed in June the following year , and included the renovation of the Grade II listed library . The Duck Pond Market began in the Great Barn in December 2008 , following the refurbishment , and runs once a month . Winston Churchill Hall on the site received a £ 370 @,@ 000 grant from Hillingdon Council in March 2011 to enable its refurbishment .
= = Local government = =
Ruislip formed an ancient parish of 6 @,@ 585 acres ( 26 @.@ 65 km2 ) in the Elthorne hundred of Middlesex . Following the Poor Law Amendment Act 1834 , the parish lost control of poor relief to Uxbridge Poor Law Union and it was grouped into the Uxbridge rural sanitary district in 1875 . In 1894 the sanitary district was replaced by Uxbridge Rural District and the parish vestry was replaced with a parish council . Due to increasing population , the parish split off from the rural district and formed the Ruislip @-@ Northwood Urban District , with the parish council replaced by an urban district council . The urban district was abolished in 1965 and was transferred to Greater London to form part of the newly established London Borough of Hillingdon .
Within the London Borough of Hillingdon , Ruislip is covered by three electoral wards : Eastcote and East Ruislip , South Ruislip and West Ruislip . Ruislip is part of the Ruislip , Northwood and Pinner constituency within the UK Parliament , represented by Nick Hurd MP .
= = Education = =
Primary schools in Ruislip include <unk> Infants and Juniors Schools , Bishop Winnington Ingram Church of England Primary School , Sacred Heart Catholic Primary School , Bourne Primary School , Field End Infant School , Field End Junior School , Lady Bankes Infant School , Lady Bankes Junior School , Newnham Infant School , Newnham Junior School , Ruislip Gardens Primary School , St Swithun Wells Roman Catholic Primary School , Warrender Primary School , <unk> Infant School , and <unk> Junior School .
Secondary schools include Bishop Ramsey School , <unk> School , and Ruislip High School .
= = Sports clubs = =
Ruislip has two Non @-@ League football clubs – Hillingdon Borough F.C. , which plays at the Middlesex Stadium and Wealdstone FC based at the St. Georges Stadium .
The Middlesex town also played host to Ruislip Manor F.C. between 1938 and 2008 , before the non @-@ league club folded following a period of financial uncertainty during its latter two trading years .
Ruislip Rugby Club is based in West End Road and was formed in 1954 , succeeding an earlier club from around 1950 . The club 's ground is at West End Road in Ruislip .
Ruislip Golf Course , on Ickenham Road , was opened in 1922 , and is operated by a private company on behalf of the London Borough of Hillingdon . Ruislip is also the home of Eastcote Hockey Club , based at Kings College playing fields . The club was originally based in Eastcote , from where it took its name , but moved to the present location in 1964 .
Ruislip Eagles West London Handball Club runs competitive men ’ s and women 's handball teams . Affiliated to the <unk> , the club was founded in 1970 ad is based in <unk> Sports Centre in South Ruislip .
= = Transport = =
= = = London Underground = = =
Stations in the area :
South Ruislip station ( Central line and Chiltern Railways )
Ruislip Station ( Metropolitan line & Piccadilly line )
Ruislip Manor station ( Metropolitan line & Piccadilly line )
Ruislip Gardens Station ( Central line )
West Ruislip station ( Central line & Chiltern Railways )
= = = Buses = = =
London Buses serving Ruislip are :
= = Landmarks = =
= = = Village square = = =
The buildings at the north end of Ruislip High Street , Nos 1 to 15 , the Duck House restaurant and the Swan public house , which has since been re @-@ branded as Cafe Rouge , form the core of the original village and are Grade II listed . This area formed the village square , at the junction of the High Street , Bury Street and Eastcote Road . The village water pump was sunk in the centre of the square in 1864 , to a depth of 105 feet ( 32 m ) 9 inches ( 230 mm ) , though was moved to be beside the Manor Farm Lodge in the 1970s . It was moved again in 1982 to sit outside 7 – 15 High Street .
= = = Manor Farm = = =
To the north of Ruislip High Street , the 22 acres ( 8 @.@ 9 ha ) Manor Farm site incorporates the remains of settlements dating back to the 9th century , as well as buildings including the Great Barn , dated by English Heritage as having been built around 1280 . A working farm until the 1930s , the farm was let by King 's College , Cambridge , the owners of the land from 1500 to the mid 20th century . It has been designated as a local heritage site and was refurbished between 2007 and 2008 with funding from the Heritage Lottery Fund .
= = = Ruislip Lido = = =
Ruislip Lido is a nineteenth century reservoir with an artificial sand beach , surrounded by woodlands through which runs the Ruislip Lido Railway , a miniature 12 " gauge railway with diesel and steam locomotives . The Lido was established as a reservoir to feed the Grand Union Canal by damming and flooding the lower part of the valley between Park Wood and Copse Wood , including the hamlet of Park Hearn . Work began in 1811 ; the consulting engineer John Rennie announced completion of the project to the Grand Junction Waterworks Company on 5 December that year . Unsuccessful as a canal feeder lake , it was reconstructed as a pleasure resort in 1933 .
= = = The Orchard Hotel = = =
Following the extension of the Metropolitan Railway to Ruislip , and the resulting influx of visitors to the area , Albert Cross built a bungalow from where teas were served to day @-@ trippers . This became a success and Cross had the building expanded , which soon became The Orchard Hotel . Between 1933 and 1971 it became an <unk> licensed bar and well @-@ known high @-@ class restaurant . It then became a Beefeater steak house , which it remains , and was recently extended with a Premier Inn hotel . During the Battle of Britain , The Orchard was very popular with the pilots of No. 303 Polish Fighter Squadron stationed at RAF Northolt , who celebrated many of their successes in battle there . The owner was known to open a bottle of Champagne for each German aircraft shot down by the squadron .
= = Notable people = =
Optical mineralogist Stuart Olof <unk> ( 1913 – 1996 ) was born in Ruislip .
Lady Mary Bankes ( c . 1598 – 1661 ) , Royalist figure of the Royal Pharmaceutical Society , lived in Ruislip .
Experimental musician Paul Burwell ( 1949 – 2007 ) was born in Ruislip .
Poet Peter Levi ( 1931 – 2000 ) was born in Ruislip .
Actress Lana Morris ( 1930 – 1998 ) was born in Ruislip .
Actor Simon Fisher @-@ Becker was born in Ruislip in 1961
Actor and recorder Andy Serkis was born in Ruislip in 1964
= History of Cornell University =
The history of Cornell University begins when its two founders , Andrew Dickson White of Syracuse and Ezra Cornell of Ithaca , met in the New York State Senate in January 1864 . Together , they established Cornell University in Ithaca , New York , in 1865 . The university was initially funded by Ezra Cornell 's $ 400 @,@ 000 endowment and by New York 's 989 @,@ 920 @-@ acre ( 4 @,@ 006 @.@ 1 km2 ) allotment of the Morrill Land Grant Act of 1862 .
However , even before Ezra Cornell and Andrew White met in the New York Senate , each had separate plans and dreams that would draw them toward their collaboration in founding Cornell . White believed in the need for a great university for the nation that would take a radical new approach to education ; and Cornell , who had great respect for education and philanthropy , desired to use his money " to do the greatest good . " Abraham Lincoln 's signing of Vermont Senator Justin Morrill 's Land Grant Act into law was also critical to the formation of many universities , including Cornell , in the post @-@ Civil War era .
= = Founders = =