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[
"Siege of Jerusalem (1244)",
"different from",
"Siege of Jerusalem"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 |
|
[
"Siege of Jerusalem (1244)",
"different from",
"Siege of Jerusalem"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 |
|
[
"Siege of Jerusalem (1244)",
"different from",
"Siege of Jerusalem"
] | null | null | null | null | 8 |
|
[
"Siege of Jerusalem (1244)",
"different from",
"Assyrian Siege of Jerusalem"
] | null | null | null | null | 9 |
|
[
"Siege of Jerusalem (1244)",
"different from",
"Siege of Jerusalem"
] | null | null | null | null | 10 |
|
[
"Siege of Jerusalem (1244)",
"different from",
"Sasanian conquest of Jerusalem"
] | null | null | null | null | 11 |
|
[
"Siege of Jerusalem (1244)",
"different from",
"Siege of Jerusalem (63 BC)"
] | null | null | null | null | 12 |
|
[
"Siege of Jerusalem (1244)",
"different from",
"Siege of Jebus"
] | null | null | null | null | 13 |
|
[
"Siege of Jerusalem (1244)",
"different from",
"Siege of Jerusalem (1834)"
] | null | null | null | null | 14 |
|
[
"Siege of Jerusalem (1244)",
"different from",
"Siege of Jerusalem (37 BC)"
] | null | null | null | null | 15 |
|
[
"Siege of Brescia",
"participant",
"Holy Roman Empire"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"Siege of Trebizond (1222–1223)",
"participant",
"Andronikos I of Trebizond"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
|
[
"Fourth Crusade",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Fourth Crusade"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"Fourth Crusade",
"follows",
"Third Crusade"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"Fourth Crusade",
"followed by",
"Fifth Crusade"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 |
|
[
"Siege of Constantinople (1203)",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (717-718)"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"Siege of Constantinople (1203)",
"different from",
"Fall of Constantinople"
] | The siege of Constantinople in 1203 was a Crusader siege of the capital of the Byzantine Empire, in support of the deposed emperor Isaac II Angelos and his son Alexios IV Angelos. It marked the main outcome of the Fourth Crusade. | null | null | null | null | 5 |
[
"Siege of Constantinople (1203)",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (626)"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 |
|
[
"Siege of Constantinople (1203)",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (674-678)"
] | The siege of Constantinople in 1203 was a Crusader siege of the capital of the Byzantine Empire, in support of the deposed emperor Isaac II Angelos and his son Alexios IV Angelos. It marked the main outcome of the Fourth Crusade. | null | null | null | null | 8 |
[
"Siege of Constantinople (1203)",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople"
] | null | null | null | null | 9 |
|
[
"Siege of Constantinople (1203)",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (821-823)"
] | null | null | null | null | 10 |
|
[
"Siege of Constantinople (1203)",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople"
] | null | null | null | null | 11 |
|
[
"Siege of Constantinople (1203)",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (1260)"
] | null | null | null | null | 12 |
|
[
"Siege of Constantinople (1203)",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (1394-1396)"
] | null | null | null | null | 13 |
|
[
"Siege of Constantinople (1203)",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (1397-1402)"
] | null | null | null | null | 14 |
|
[
"Siege of Constantinople (1203)",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (1235)"
] | null | null | null | null | 16 |
|
[
"Siege of Constantinople (1203)",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (813)"
] | null | null | null | null | 17 |
|
[
"Siege of Constantinople (1203)",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople"
] | null | null | null | null | 18 |
|
[
"Siege of Constantinople (1203)",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople"
] | null | null | null | null | 19 |
|
[
"Siege of Constantinople (1203)",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (668)"
] | null | null | null | null | 20 |
|
[
"Siege of Constantinople (1203)",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople"
] | null | null | null | null | 21 |
|
[
"Siege of Constantinople (1203)",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (669)"
] | null | null | null | null | 22 |
|
[
"Siege of Constantinople (1203)",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (715)"
] | null | null | null | null | 23 |
|
[
"Siege of Constantinople (1203)",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (1376)"
] | null | null | null | null | 24 |
|
[
"Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty",
"participant",
"Jin dynasty"
] | null | null | null | null | 0 |
|
[
"Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty",
"participant",
"Western Xia"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty",
"participant",
"Song dynasty"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty",
"participant",
"Mongol Empire"
] | The Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty, also known as the Mongol–Jin War, was fought between the Mongol Empire and the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty in Manchuria and North China. The war, which started in 1211, lasted over 23 years and ended with the complete conquest of the Jin dynasty by the Mongols in 1234.Background
The Jurchen rulers of the Jin dynasty collected tribute from some of the nomadic tribes living on the Mongol steppes and encouraged rivalries among them. When the Mongols were unified under Khabul in the 12th century, the Jurchens encouraged the Tatars to destroy them, but the Mongols were able to drive Jin forces out of their territory. The Tatars eventually captured Khabul's successor, Ambaghai, and handed him over to the Jin imperial court. Emperor Xizong of the Jin dynasty had ordered Ambaghai executed by crucifixion (nailed to a wooden mule). The Jin dynasty also conducted regular punitive expeditions against the Mongol nomads, either enslaving or killing them.When the Tatars were in their original countries, during the Jin caitiff's Dading period [1161-1189] there was a rumor spoken in Yanjing and the Kitan areas saying: 'The Tatars come, the Tatars go, they'll chase His Lordship 'till he has nowhere to go!' The Chieftain of Ge, Yong, happened to hear of it and said in astonishment: 'Surely this means the Tatar people will bring disaster to my country!' and handed down a proclamation to the farthest frontiers and wastes to mobilize troops to destroy them. Every three years he would dispatch troops to the north to destroy and kill, and called it 'decreasing the number of fighting men.' Up to now, the people of the Central Plain are all able to remember this, saying: 'Twenty years ago in Shandong and Hebei, what house did not buy a Tatar to be a young slave?' All of these were those captured by soldiers. Today, among the great ministers of the Tatars, many were among those captured at that time and have lived within the state of Jin. Moreover, every year when their country came to present tribute [to the Jin] they would receive their rituals and offerings outside of the passes and then would drive them away, not allowing them to enter the border. The Tatars fled and concealed themselves in the sandy deserts and the hatred entered into the marrow of their bones... Temujin was infuriated about their bullying and insults and as a consequence of this attacked the frontier.
In 1210, a delegation arrived at the court of Genghis Khan (r. 1206–27) to proclaim the ascension of Wanyan Yongji to the Jin throne and demanded the submission of the Mongols as a vassal state. Because the Jurchens defeated the powerful steppe nomads and allied with the Keraites and the Tatars, they claimed sovereignty over all the tribes of the steppe. High court officials in the Jin government defected to the Mongols and urged Genghis Khan to attack the Jin dynasty. But fearful of a trap or some other nefarious scheme, Genghis Khan refused. Upon receiving the order to demonstrate submission, Genghis Khan reportedly turned to the south and spat on the ground; then he mounted his horse, and rode toward the north, leaving the stunned envoy choking in his dust. He gave the Jin emperor a very insulting message which the envoy dared not repeat upon his return to the Jin court. His defiance of the Jin envoys was tantamount to a declaration of war between the Mongols and Jurchens.
After Genghis Khan returned to the Kherlen River, in early 1211, he summoned a kurultai. By organising a long discussion, everyone in the community was included in the process. The Khan prayed privately on a nearby mountain. He removed his hat and belt, bowed down before the Eternal Sky, and recounted the generations of grievances his people held against the Jurchens and detailed the torture and murder of his ancestors. He explained that he had not sought this war against the Jurchens. At the dawn on the fourth day, Genghis Khan emerged with the verdict: "The Eternal Blue Sky has promised us victory and vengeance".Wanyan Yongji, angry on hearing how Genghis Khan behaved, sent the message to the Khan that "Our Empire is like the sea; yours is but a handful of sand ... How can we fear you?"Mongol conquest under Genghis Khan
When the conquest of the Tangut-led Western Xia empire started, there were multiple raids between 1207–1209. When the Mongols invaded Jin territory in 1211, Ala 'Qush, the chief of the Ongut, supported Genghis Khan and showed him a safe road to the Jin dynasty's heartland. The first important battle between the Mongol Empire and the Jin dynasty was the Battle of Yehuling at a mountain pass in Zhangjiakou which took place in 1211. There, Wanyan Jiujin, the Jin field commander, made a tactical mistake in not attacking the Mongols at the first opportunity. Instead, he sent a messenger to the Mongol side, Shimo Ming'an, who promptly defected and told the Mongols that the Jin army was waiting on the other side of the pass. At this engagement, fought at Yehuling, the Mongols massacred thousands of Jin troops. While Genghis Khan headed southward, his general Jebe travelled even further east into Manchuria and captured Mukden (present-day Shenyang). The Khitan leader Liu-ke had declared his allegiance to Genghis in 1212 and conquered Manchuria from the Jin.
When the Mongol army besieged the Jin central capital, Zhongdu (present-day Beijing), in 1213, Li Ying, Li Xiong and a few other Jin generals assembled a militia of more than 10,000 men who inflicted several defeats on the Mongols. The Mongols smashed the Jin armies, each numbering in the hundreds of thousands, and broke through Juyong Pass and Zijing Gap by November 1213. From 1213 until early 1214, the Mongols pillaged the entire North China plain. In 1214, Genghis Khan surrounded the court of the Golden Khan in Zhongdu. The Jin general Hushahu had murdered the emperor Wanyan Yongji and enthroned Wanyan Yongji's nephew, Emperor Xuanzong. When the Mongols besieged Zhongdu, the Jin government temporarily agreed to become a tributary state of the Mongol Empire, presenting a Jurchen princess to Genghis Khan. But when the Mongols withdrew in 1214, believing the war was over after being given a large tribute by the Jurchens, Li Ying wanted to ambush them on the way with his forces (which had grown to several tens of thousands). However, the Jin ruler, Emperor Xuanzong, was afraid of offending the Mongols again so he stopped Li Ying. Emperor Xuanzong and the general Zhuhu Gaoqi then decided to shift the capital south to Kaifeng, above the objections of many courtiers including Li Ying. From then on, the Jin were strictly on the defensive and Zhongdu fell to the Mongols in 1215.
The Jurchen Jin emperor Wanyan Yongji's daughter, Jurchen Princess Qiguo was married to Mongol leader Genghis Khan in exchange for relieving the Mongol siege upon Zhongdu (Beijing) in the Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty.After the shift of the Jin capital to Kaifeng, the Jin chancellor Wanyan Chenghui and general Moran Jinzhong were left to guard Zhongdu. At this point, one of the Jin armies defected to the Mongols and launched an attack on Zhongdu from the south, taking Lugou Bridge. Genghis Khan then dispatched his troops to attack Zhongdu again, led by the surrendered Khitan generals Shimo Ming'an, Yelü Ahai and Yelü Tuhua. Moran Jinzhong's second-in-command, Pucha Qijin, surrendered to the Mongols with all the troops under him, throwing Zhongdu into crisis. Emperor Xuanzong then sent reinforcements north: Yongxi leading the troops from Zhending and Zhongshan (numbers not given), and Wugulun Qingshou leading 18,000 imperial guards, 11,000 infantry and cavalry from the southwestern route, and 10,000 soldiers from Hebei Province, with Li Ying in charge of the supply train. Zhongdu fell to the Mongols on June 1, 1215. Then they systematically rooted out all resistance in Shanxi, Hebei and Shandong provinces from 1217-1223. Genghis Khan did however need to turn his attention to the east in 1219, due to another event in Central Asia and Persia. | null | null | null | null | 4 |
[
"Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty",
"participant",
"Khitan people"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
|
[
"Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty"
] | null | null | null | null | 8 |
|
[
"Jōkyū War",
"participant",
"Go-Toba"
] | Jōkyū War (承久の乱, jōkyū no ran), also known as the Jōkyū Disturbance or the Jōkyū Rebellion, was fought in Japan between the forces of Retired Emperor Go-Toba and those of the Hōjō clan, regents of the Kamakura shogunate, whom the retired emperor was trying to overthrow.
The main battle was at Uji, just outside Kyōto; this was the third battle to be fought there in less than half a century. It took place in 1221, that is, the third year of the Jōkyū era.Background
In the beginning of the 13th century, Emperor Go-Toba found his attempts at political maneuvers blocked by the Kamakura shogunate. Seeking independence, and the power he considered rightfully his as the ruler of Japan, Go-Toba gathered allies in 1221, and planned to effect an overthrow of the shogunate. These allies consisted primarily of members of the Taira clan, and other enemies of the Minamoto, the victors in the Genpei War, and clan of the shōguns.Accounts of the first Imperial banner appear in this period, and the very first is said to have been one that Go-Toba gave to a general during this war. Sun and moon images were embroidered or painted with gold or silver on a red brocade. | null | null | null | null | 3 |
[
"Third Crusade",
"follows",
"Second Crusade"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"Third Crusade",
"followed by",
"Fourth Crusade"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"Third Crusade",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Third Crusade"
] | null | null | null | null | 9 |
|
[
"Siege of Damietta (1218–1219)",
"different from",
"Siege of Damietta"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"Siege of Naples (1191)",
"different from",
"Siege of Naples"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"Siege of Naples (1191)",
"different from",
"Siege of Naples"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"Siege of Naples (1191)",
"different from",
"Siege of Naples"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 |
|
[
"Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa",
"participant",
"Kingdom of Castile"
] | The Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, known in Islamic history as the Battle of Al-Uqab (Arabic: معركة العقاب), took place on 16 July 1212 and was an important turning point in the Reconquista and the medieval history of Spain. The Christian forces of King Alfonso VIII of Castile were joined by the armies of his rivals, Sancho VII of Navarre and Peter II of Aragon, in battle against the Almohad Muslim rulers of the southern half of the Iberian Peninsula. The caliph al-Nasir (Miramamolín in the Spanish chronicles) led the Almohad army, made up of people from all over the Almohad Caliphate. | null | null | null | null | 3 |
[
"Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa",
"participant",
"Crown of Aragon"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 |
|
[
"Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa",
"participant",
"Almohad Caliphate"
] | The Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, known in Islamic history as the Battle of Al-Uqab (Arabic: معركة العقاب), took place on 16 July 1212 and was an important turning point in the Reconquista and the medieval history of Spain. The Christian forces of King Alfonso VIII of Castile were joined by the armies of his rivals, Sancho VII of Navarre and Peter II of Aragon, in battle against the Almohad Muslim rulers of the southern half of the Iberian Peninsula. The caliph al-Nasir (Miramamolín in the Spanish chronicles) led the Almohad army, made up of people from all over the Almohad Caliphate. | null | null | null | null | 6 |
[
"Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa",
"participant",
"Kingdom of Navarre"
] | The Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, known in Islamic history as the Battle of Al-Uqab (Arabic: معركة العقاب), took place on 16 July 1212 and was an important turning point in the Reconquista and the medieval history of Spain. The Christian forces of King Alfonso VIII of Castile were joined by the armies of his rivals, Sancho VII of Navarre and Peter II of Aragon, in battle against the Almohad Muslim rulers of the southern half of the Iberian Peninsula. The caliph al-Nasir (Miramamolín in the Spanish chronicles) led the Almohad army, made up of people from all over the Almohad Caliphate. | null | null | null | null | 7 |
[
"Siege of Acre (1189–1191)",
"participant",
"Holy Roman Empire"
] | null | null | null | null | 0 |
|
[
"Siege of Acre (1189–1191)",
"different from",
"Siege of Acre (1291)"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
|
[
"Siege of Acre (1189–1191)",
"different from",
"Siege of Acre"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 |
|
[
"Siege of Acre (1189–1191)",
"different from",
"Siege of Acre"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 |
|
[
"Siege of Acre (1189–1191)",
"different from",
"Siege of Acre( 1799)"
] | null | null | null | null | 8 |
|
[
"Sack of Constantinople",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (717-718)"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"Sack of Constantinople",
"different from",
"Fall of Constantinople"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
|
[
"Sack of Constantinople",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (626)"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 |
|
[
"Sack of Constantinople",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (674-678)"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 |
|
[
"Sack of Constantinople",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople"
] | null | null | null | null | 8 |
|
[
"Sack of Constantinople",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople"
] | null | null | null | null | 9 |
|
[
"Sack of Constantinople",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (821-823)"
] | null | null | null | null | 10 |
|
[
"Sack of Constantinople",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (1260)"
] | null | null | null | null | 11 |
|
[
"Sack of Constantinople",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (1235)"
] | null | null | null | null | 12 |
|
[
"Sack of Constantinople",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (813)"
] | null | null | null | null | 13 |
|
[
"Sack of Constantinople",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople"
] | null | null | null | null | 14 |
|
[
"Sack of Constantinople",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople"
] | null | null | null | null | 15 |
|
[
"Sack of Constantinople",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (668)"
] | null | null | null | null | 16 |
|
[
"Sack of Constantinople",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople"
] | null | null | null | null | 17 |
|
[
"Sack of Constantinople",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (669)"
] | null | null | null | null | 19 |
|
[
"Sack of Constantinople",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (715)"
] | null | null | null | null | 20 |
|
[
"Sack of Constantinople",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (1376)"
] | null | null | null | null | 21 |
|
[
"Sack of Constantinople",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (1394-1396)"
] | null | null | null | null | 22 |
|
[
"Sack of Constantinople",
"different from",
"Siege of Constantinople (1397-1402)"
] | null | null | null | null | 23 |
|
[
"Battle of Basiani",
"participant",
"Abbasid Caliphate"
] | null | null | null | null | 0 |
|
[
"Battle of Basiani",
"participant",
"Ayyubid dynasty"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"Battle of Basiani",
"participant",
"Kingdom of Georgia"
] | The Battle of Basiani was fought, in the 13th century, between the armies of the Kingdom of Georgia and the Seljuqid Sultanate of Rum in the Basiani valley, 60 km northeast of the city of Erzurum in what is now northeast Republic of Turkey. The battle is variously dated between 1202 and 1205, but 1203 or 1204 has lately been given preference. The contemporary Muslim chronicler Ibn Bibi places the battle in 598 AH (October 1, 1201 – September 19, 1202). The modern Turkish historians identify the castle of Micingerd (Mazankert) as the location of the battle. | null | null | null | null | 2 |
[
"Battle of Basiani",
"participant",
"Sultanate of Rum"
] | The Battle of Basiani was fought, in the 13th century, between the armies of the Kingdom of Georgia and the Seljuqid Sultanate of Rum in the Basiani valley, 60 km northeast of the city of Erzurum in what is now northeast Republic of Turkey. The battle is variously dated between 1202 and 1205, but 1203 or 1204 has lately been given preference. The contemporary Muslim chronicler Ibn Bibi places the battle in 598 AH (October 1, 1201 – September 19, 1202). The modern Turkish historians identify the castle of Micingerd (Mazankert) as the location of the battle. | null | null | null | null | 4 |
[
"Siege of Samarkand (1220)",
"different from",
"Siege of Samarkand"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 |
|
[
"Siege of Samarkand (1220)",
"different from",
"Siege of Samarkand"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
|
[
"Siege of Samarkand (1220)",
"different from",
"Siege of Samarkand"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 |
|
[
"Siege of Samarkand (1220)",
"different from",
"Siege of Samarkand"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 |
|
[
"Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'",
"immediate cause of",
"Mongol-Tatar yoke"
] | Decline of cities
The invasion had significant consequences for the Kievan Rus'. Many cities and fortified points were wiped out, with only a fraction surviving. The once flourishing cities of Kiev, Novgorod, and Vladimir suffered a sharp decline, with their populations shrinking to a fraction of what they were before the invasion. For example, Kiev, which had around 50,000 people, had only about 200 houses left after the invasion, according to the papal legate Plano Carpini.The decline of cities was also accompanied by a decline in culture, crafts, and trade. The pre-Mongol period was considered the heyday of culture, crafts, and trade in Ancient Rus', but after the invasion, many cities fell into decay, and stone construction was halted for a long time. Economic ties between cities and surrounding villages were severed, and it took more than 100 years for Russian cities to recover from the invasion of Batu Khan and its consequences.The destruction of cities and the decline in culture and economy had long-term consequences for Russia. The country was left behind in terms of economic development, and it took centuries for it to catch up with the rest of Europe. The Mongol-Tatar invasion also had a significant impact on Russia's political development, as it paved the way for the emergence of the centralized Moscow state, which gradually absorbed other principalities and became the dominant power in Russia. Overall, the invasion of Batu Khan had a profound and lasting impact on the history of Russia. | null | null | null | null | 2 |
[
"Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Mongol invasion of Rus'"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"Bulgarian–Latin wars",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Bulgarian–Latin Wars"
] | null | null | null | null | 0 |
|
[
"1974 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election",
"follows",
"1969 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"1974 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election",
"followed by",
"1977 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"1974 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election",
"applies to jurisdiction",
"Nagaland"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"Fifth Crusade",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Fifth Crusade"
] | null | null | null | null | 0 |
|
[
"Fifth Crusade",
"follows",
"Fourth Crusade"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"Fifth Crusade",
"followed by",
"Sixth Crusade"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"Albigensian Crusade",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Albigensian Crusade"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
|
[
"Battle of Mirebeau",
"participant",
"United Kingdom"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"Battle on the Ice",
"participant",
"Denmark"
] | null | null | null | null | 0 |
|
[
"Battle on the Ice",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Battle of the Ice"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 |
|
[
"Battle on the Ice",
"participant",
"Teutonic Order"
] | null | null | null | null | 9 |
|
[
"Battle on the Ice",
"participant",
"Novgorod Republic"
] | The Battle on the Ice (German: Schlacht auf dem Eise; Russian: Ледовое побоище, Ledovoye poboishche; Estonian: Jäälahing), alternatively known as the Battle of Lake Peipus (German: Schlacht auf dem Peipussee), took place on 5 April 1242. It was fought largely on the frozen Lake Peipus between the united forces of the Republic of Novgorod and Vladimir-Suzdal, led by Prince Alexander Nevsky, and the forces of the Livonian Order and Bishopric of Dorpat, led by Bishop Hermann of Dorpat.
The battle was significant because its outcome determined whether Western Catholicism or Eastern Orthodox Christianity would dominate in the region. In the end, the battle represented a significant defeat for the Catholic forces during the Northern Crusades and brought an end to their campaigns against the Orthodox Novgorod Republic and other Slavic territories for the next century. The event portrayed in Sergei Eisenstein's historical drama film, Alexander Nevsky (1938), later created a popular but inaccurate image of the battle.
The Novgorodian victory is commemorated today in Russia as one of the Days of Military Honour. | null | null | null | null | 10 |
[
"Battle of Alarcos",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Battle of Alarcos"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
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