triplets
sequence | passage
stringlengths 0
32.9k
| label
stringlengths 4
48
⌀ | label_id
int64 0
1k
⌀ | synonyms
sequence | __index_level_1__
int64 312
64.1k
⌀ | __index_level_0__
int64 0
2.4k
⌀ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[
"Azad Kashmir",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Azad Kashmir"
] | null | null | null | null | 21 |
|
[
"Gilgit-Baltistan",
"territory claimed by",
"India"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"Gilgit-Baltistan",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Gilgit-Baltistan"
] | null | null | null | null | 17 |
|
[
"Wake Island",
"territory claimed by",
"Marshall Islands"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"Wake Island",
"significant event",
"United States Exploring Expedition"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 |
|
[
"Wake Island",
"significant event",
"emergency evacuation"
] | null | null | null | null | 9 |
|
[
"Wake Island",
"significant event",
"shipwrecking"
] | null | null | null | null | 17 |
|
[
"Wake Island",
"significant event",
"Battle of Wake Island"
] | Wake Island (Marshallese: Ānen Kio, lit. 'island of the kio flower'; also known as Wake Atoll) is a coral atoll in the western Pacific Ocean in the northeastern area of the Micronesia subregion, 1,501 miles (2,416 kilometers) east of Guam, 2,298 miles (3,698 kilometers) west of Honolulu, 1,991 miles (3,204 kilometers) southeast of Tokyo and 898 miles (1,445 kilometers) north of Majuro. The island is an unorganized unincorporated territory belonging to (but not a part of) the United States. Wake Island is also claimed by the Republic of the Marshall Islands based on oral legends dating back centuries. However, the United States does not recognize this claim. Wake Island is one of the most isolated islands in the world. The nearest inhabited island is Utirik Atoll in the Marshall Islands, 592 miles (953 kilometers) to the southeast.
The United States took possession of Wake Island in 1899. One of 14 U.S. insular areas, Wake Island is administered by the United States Air Force under an agreement with the U.S. Department of the Interior. The center of activity on the atoll is at Wake Island Airfield, which is primarily used as a mid-Pacific refueling stop for military aircraft and as an emergency landing area. The 9,800-foot (3,000 m) runway is the longest strategic runway in the Pacific islands. South of the runway is the Wake Island Launch Center, a missile launch site. The island has no permanent inhabitants, but approximately 100 people live there at any given time.
On December 8, 1941 (within a few hours of the attack on Pearl Harbor, Wake Island being on the opposite side of the International Date Line), American forces on Wake Island were attacked by Japanese bombers. This action marked the commencement of the Battle of Wake Island. On December 11, 1941, Wake Island was the site of the Japanese Empire's first unsuccessful amphibious attack on U.S. territory in World War II when U.S. Marines, with some U.S. Navy personnel and civilians on the island, repelled an attempted Japanese invasion. The island fell to overwhelming Japanese forces 12 days later; it remained occupied by Japanese forces until it was surrendered to the U.S. in September 1945 at the end of the war.The submerged and emergent lands at Wake Island comprise a unit of the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument. Wake Island is one of nine insular areas that comprise the United States Minor Outlying Islands, a statistical designation defined by the International Organization for Standardization's ISO 3166-1 code.World War II
Battle of Wake Island
On December 8, 1941 (December 7 in Hawaii, the day of the attack on Pearl Harbor), at least 27 Japanese Mitsubishi G3M "Nell" medium bombers flown from bases on Kwajalein in the Marshall Islands attacked Wake Island, destroying eight of the 12 Grumman F4F Wildcat fighter aircraft belonging to USMC Fighter Squadron 211 on the ground. The Marine garrison's defensive emplacements were left intact by the raid, which primarily targeted the aircraft.The garrison, supplemented by civilian construction workers employed by Morrison-Knudsen Corp., repelled several Japanese landing attempts. An American journalist reported that after the initial Japanese amphibious assault was beaten back with heavy losses on December 11, the American commander was asked by his superiors if he needed anything. Popular legend has it that Major James Devereux sent back the message, "Send us more Japs!" — a reply that became famous. After the war, when Major Devereux learned that he had been credited with sending such a message, he pointed out that he had not been the commander on Wake Island and denied sending it. "As far as I know, it wasn't sent at all. None of us was that much of a damn fool. We already had more Japs than we could handle."
In reality, Commander Winfield S. Cunningham, USN was in charge of Wake Island, not Devereux. Cunningham ordered that coded messages be sent during operations, and a junior officer had added "send us" and "more Japs" to the beginning and end of a message to confuse Japanese code breakers. This was put together at Pearl Harbor and passed on as part of the message.The U.S. Navy attempted to provide support from Hawaii but had suffered great losses at Pearl Harbor. The relief fleet they managed to organize was delayed by bad weather. The isolated U.S. garrison was overwhelmed by a reinforced and greatly superior Japanese invasion force on December 23. American casualties numbered 52 military personnel (Navy and Marine) and approximately 70 civilians killed. Japanese losses exceeded 700 dead, with some estimates ranging as high as 1,000. Wake's defenders sank two Japanese fast transports (P32 and P33) and one submarine and shot down 24 Japanese aircraft. The relief fleet, en route, on hearing of the island's loss, turned back.In the aftermath of the battle, most of the captured civilians and military personnel were sent to POW camps in Asia, though some of the civilian laborers were enslaved by the Japanese and tasked with improving the island's defenses. | null | null | null | null | 18 |
[
"Wake Island",
"significant event",
"Hurricane Ioke"
] | null | null | null | null | 19 |
|
[
"Wake Island",
"located on terrain feature",
"Micronesia"
] | null | null | null | null | 20 |
|
[
"Wake Island",
"significant event",
"typhoon"
] | Climate
Wake Island lies in the tropical zone, but is subject to periodic temperate storms during the winter. Sea surface temperatures are warm all year long, reaching above 80 °F (27 °C) in summer and autumn. Typhoons occasionally pass over the island.Typhoons
On October 19, 1940, an unnamed typhoon hit Wake Island with 120 knots (220 km/h) winds. This was the first recorded typhoon to hit the island since observations began in 1935.Super Typhoon Olive impacted Wake on September 16, 1952, with wind speeds reaching 150 knots (280 km/h). Olive caused major flooding, destroyed approximately 85% of its structures and caused US$1.6 million in damage.On September 16, 1967, at 10:40 pm local time, the eye of Super Typhoon Sarah passed over the island. Sustained winds in the eyewall were 130 knots (240 km/h), from the north before the eye and from the south afterward. All non-reinforced structures were demolished. There were no serious injuries, and the majority of the civilian population was evacuated after the storm.On August 28, 2006, the United States Air Force evacuated all 188 residents and suspended all operations as Category 5 Super Typhoon Ioke headed toward Wake. By August 31 the southwestern eyewall of the storm passed over the island, with winds well over 185 miles per hour (298 km/h), driving a 20 ft (6 m) storm surge and waves directly into the lagoon inflicting major damage. A U.S. Air Force assessment and repair team returned to the island in September 2006 and restored limited function to the airfield and facilities leading ultimately to a full return to normal operations. | null | null | null | null | 21 |
[
"Wake Island",
"significant event",
"Typhoon Olive"
] | null | null | null | null | 22 |
|
[
"Wake Island",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Wake Island"
] | null | null | null | null | 23 |
|
[
"Wake Island",
"significant event",
"sighting"
] | null | null | null | null | 27 |
|
[
"Wake Island",
"significant event",
"Wake Island massacre"
] | null | null | null | null | 29 |
|
[
"West Bank",
"territory claimed by",
"Jordan"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"West Bank",
"territory claimed by",
"Israel"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"West Bank",
"territory claimed by",
"State of Palestine"
] | null | null | null | null | 11 |
|
[
"West Bank",
"different from",
"Judea and Samaria Area"
] | null | null | null | null | 18 |
|
[
"West Bank",
"topic's main category",
"Category:West Bank"
] | null | null | null | null | 22 |
|
[
"Buckle Island",
"territory claimed by",
"New Zealand"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"Eliza Cone",
"territory claimed by",
"New Zealand"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"Tigri Area",
"territory claimed by",
"Suriname"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"Tigri Area",
"territory claimed by",
"Guyana"
] | The Tigri Area (Dutch: Tigri-gebied) is a wooded area that has been disputed by Guyana and Suriname since around 1840. It involves the area between the Upper Corentyne River (also called the New River), the Coeroeni River, and the Kutari River. This triangular area is known as the New River Triangle in Guyana. In 1969 the conflict ran high on, and since then it has been controlled by Guyana and claimed by Suriname. In 1971, both governments agreed that they would continue talks over the border issue and withdraw their military forces from the disputed triangle. Guyana has never held upon this agreement.
In Suriname it is seen as a part of the Coeroeni Resort located in the Sipaliwini District, while Guyana views it as part of the region of East Berbice-Corentyne. | null | null | null | null | 3 |
[
"Susta territory",
"territory claimed by",
"Nepal"
] | Susta is a disputed territory between Nepal and India. It is administered by India as part of West Champaran district of Bihar. It is claimed by Nepal as part of Susta rural municipality, under West Nawalparasi District in Lumbini Province.
The disputed territory is located on the eastern side of the Gandak river (Narayani River in Nepal). Nepal claims the area a part of West Nawalparasi District under Susta rural municipality (part of ward no. 5), alleging that over 14,860 hectares of Nepali land in Susta has been encroached upon by India while India claims "Susta" to be a part of West Champaran district.
According to the Sugauli Treaty signed between British East India Company and Nepal in 1816, the Gandak river is the international boundary and eastern part of the river belongs to India and western part of the river belongs to Nepal. At the time the treaty was signed Susta village was situated west of the river. But, over the years, the Gandak river changed its course and Susta moved to the east side of the river, that is now on the Indian side of the river.
Nepal maintains the Gandak's course in 1816 to be taken as the fixed international boundary but India claims that land on the eastern side of the river is its own territory. | null | null | null | null | 2 |
[
"Susta territory",
"located on terrain feature",
"Indo-Gangetic Plain"
] | Susta is a disputed territory between Nepal and India. It is administered by India as part of West Champaran district of Bihar. It is claimed by Nepal as part of Susta rural municipality, under West Nawalparasi District in Lumbini Province.
The disputed territory is located on the eastern side of the Gandak river (Narayani River in Nepal). Nepal claims the area a part of West Nawalparasi District under Susta rural municipality (part of ward no. 5), alleging that over 14,860 hectares of Nepali land in Susta has been encroached upon by India while India claims "Susta" to be a part of West Champaran district.
According to the Sugauli Treaty signed between British East India Company and Nepal in 1816, the Gandak river is the international boundary and eastern part of the river belongs to India and western part of the river belongs to Nepal. At the time the treaty was signed Susta village was situated west of the river. But, over the years, the Gandak river changed its course and Susta moved to the east side of the river, that is now on the Indian side of the river.
Nepal maintains the Gandak's course in 1816 to be taken as the fixed international boundary but India claims that land on the eastern side of the river is its own territory. | null | null | null | null | 5 |
[
"Susta territory",
"significant event",
"Sugauli Treaty"
] | null | null | null | null | 8 |
|
[
"Skardu District",
"territory claimed by",
"India"
] | null | null | null | null | 0 |
|
[
"Skardu District",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Skardu District"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"Jiangxinpo",
"territory claimed by",
"Myanmar"
] | Jiangxinpo (Chinese: 江心坡) is an area currently in Kachin State, Myanmar, located between the N'Mai and Mali Rivers, west of the Gaoligong Mountains of Yunnan, China. It was previously under the rule of the Qing dynasty of China.
In 1910, the British occupied Hpimaw (片马; Piànmǎ) in the Pianma Incident, as well as a part of what is now Northern Kachin state in 1926/7 and part of the Wa states in 1940.It was disputed territory between China and Myanmar until 1961, when the People's Republic of China (PRC) government recognized Myanmar's sovereignty over it. Some Chinese commentators, especially those in media in the Republic of China (Taiwan) and overseas which are outside the control of PRC government's censorship, criticized the PRC government for signing the agreement, which they regarded as guaranteeing the permanent loss of former Chinese territory to Myanmar. | null | null | null | null | 1 |
[
"Jiangxinpo",
"territory claimed by",
"Taiwan"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"Golan Subdistrict",
"territory claimed by",
"Israel"
] | The Golan Subdistrict is an area administered by Israel as a subdistrict of Northern District. The subdistrict encompasses the Israeli-occupied territories of Golan Heights, occupied from Syria during the Six-day war and annexed to Israel under the Golan Heights Law. Thus this region is internationally recognized to encompass Quneitra Governorate, which itself is composed of 2 districts and 5 subdistricts. | null | null | null | null | 1 |
[
"Golan Subdistrict",
"territory claimed by",
"Syria"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"Trans-Karakoram Tract",
"territory claimed by",
"India"
] | The Trans-Karakoram Tract (Chinese: 喀喇昆仑走廊; pinyin: Kālǎkūnlún zǒuláng), also known as the Shaksgam Tract (Urdu: شکسگام, romanized: Shaksgām), is an area of approximately 5,200 km2 (2,000 sq mi) north of the Karakoram watershed, including the Shaksgam valley. The tract is administered by China as part of its Taxkorgan and Yecheng counties in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. Although the Shaksgam tract was never under the control of Pakistan since 1947, in the 1963 Sino-Pakistan Agreement, Pakistan recognized Chinese sovereignty over the Shaksgam tract, while China recognized Pakistani sovereignty over the Gilgit Agency, and a border based on actual ground positions was recognized as the international border by China and Pakistan. It, and the entire Kashmir region, is claimed by India.Most of the tract is composed of the Shaksgam Valley and was formerly administered as part of Shigar, a district (formerly a tehsil) in the Baltistan region. A polo ground in Shaksgam was built by the Amacha Royal family of Shigar, and the Rajas of Shigar used to invite the Amirs of Hotan to play polo there. Most of the names of the mountains, lakes, rivers and passes are in Balti/Ladakhi, suggesting that this land had been part of Baltistan/Ladakh region for a long time.
The tract is one of the most inhospitable areas of the world, with some of the highest mountains. Bounded by the Kunlun Mountains in the north, and the Karakoram peaks to the south, including Broad Peak, K2 and Gasherbrum, on the southeast it is adjacent to the highest battlefield in the world on the Siachen Glacier region which is controlled by India. | null | null | null | null | 1 |
[
"Trans-Karakoram Tract",
"said to be the same as",
"Shaksgam Valley"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 |
|
[
"Junagadh State",
"territory claimed by",
"Pakistan"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"Junagadh State",
"replaces",
"Maratha Empire"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"Dras",
"territory claimed by",
"Pakistan"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"Kachin State",
"territory claimed by",
"Taiwan"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"Kachin State",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Kachin State"
] | null | null | null | null | 22 |
|
[
"Plazas de soberanía",
"territory claimed by",
"Morocco"
] | The plazas de soberanía (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈplaθas ðe soβeɾaˈni.a], lit. "strongholds of sovereignty") is a term describing a series of Spanish overseas minor territories scattered along the Mediterranean coast bordering Morocco in Africa, or that are closer to Africa than Europe. This term is used for those territories that have been a part of Spain since the formation of the modern country (1492–1556), as opposed to African territories acquired by Spain during the 19th and early 20th centuries in the Scramble for Africa.
Historically, a distinction was made between the so-called "major places of sovereignty", comprising the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla, and the "minor places of sovereignty", referring to a number of islands (and a small peninsula) along the coast. In the present, the term refers mainly to the latter.
Morocco has claimed those territories (except the island of Alborán, further away from Africa) since its independence in 1956. | null | null | null | null | 3 |
[
"Plazas de soberanía",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Plazas de soberanía"
] | null | null | null | null | 9 |
|
[
"West Berlin",
"territory claimed by",
"German Democratic Republic"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
|
[
"West Berlin",
"territory claimed by",
"West Germany"
] | West Berlin (German: Berlin (West) or West-Berlin, German pronunciation: [ˈvɛstbɛʁˌliːn] (listen)) was a political enclave which comprised the western part of Berlin during the years of the Cold War. Although West Berlin was de jure not part of West Germany, lacked any sovereignty, and was under military occupation until German reunification in 1990, the territory was claimed by the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG). The legality of this claim was contested by the Soviet Union and other Eastern Bloc countries, although West Berlin de facto aligned itself politically with the FRG from May 1949, was thereafter directly or indirectly represented in its federal institutions, and most of its residents were citizens of the FRG.
West Berlin was formally controlled by the Western Allies and entirely surrounded by Soviet-controlled East Berlin and East Germany. West Berlin had great symbolic significance during the Cold War, as it was widely considered by westerners an "island of freedom". It was heavily subsidised by West Germany as a "showcase of the West". A wealthy city, West Berlin was noted for its distinctly cosmopolitan character, and as a centre of education, research and culture. With about two million inhabitants, West Berlin had the largest population of any city in Germany during the Cold War era.West Berlin was 160 km (100 mi) east and north of the Inner German border and only accessible by land from West Germany by narrow rail and highway corridors. It consisted of the American, British, and French occupation sectors established in 1945. The Berlin Wall, built in 1961, physically separated West Berlin from its East Berlin and East German surroundings until it fell in 1989. On 3 October 1990, the day Germany was officially reunified, East and West Berlin formally reunited, joined the Federal Republic as a city-state and, eventually, once again became the capital of Germany. | null | null | null | null | 9 |
[
"West Berlin",
"topic's main category",
"Category:West Berlin"
] | null | null | null | null | 21 |
|
[
"Preah Vihear Temple",
"territory claimed by",
"Thailand"
] | null | null | null | null | 0 |
|
[
"Preah Vihear Temple",
"different from",
"Preah Vihear Province"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
|
[
"Preah Vihear Temple",
"founded by",
"Yasovarman I"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 |
|
[
"Preah Vihear Temple",
"significant event",
"Temple of Preah Vihear case"
] | null | null | null | null | 8 |
|
[
"Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera",
"territory claimed by",
"Morocco"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera",
"significant event",
"Conquest of the Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera (1508)"
] | Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera (Spanish pronunciation: [peˈɲon de ˈβeleθ ðe la ɣoˈmeɾa]; Arabic: حجر بديس, romanized: Hajar Badis) is a Spanish exclave and rocky tied island, in the western Mediterranean Sea, connected to the Moroccan shore by a sandy isthmus. It is also connected to a smaller islet to the east, La Isleta, by a rocky isthmus. The tied island was named Hajar Badis (Rock of Badis) and was connected to the town of Badis.
Vélez de la Gomera, along with La Isleta, is a premodern overseas possession known as a plaza de soberanía. It is administered by the Spanish central government and has a population consisting only of a small number of Spanish military personnel.
Its border with Morocco is 80 m (260 ft) long, making it one of the shortest international borders in the world. | null | null | null | null | 10 |
[
"Peñón de Alhucemas",
"territory claimed by",
"Morocco"
] | Overview
Peñón de Alhucemas, together with the islets of Isla de Mar and Isla de Tierra slightly to the west, form the Alhucemas Islands. They are located 300 metres (984 feet) off the Moroccan town of Al Hoceima, or Alhucemas (former Villa Sanjurjo), 146 km (91 miles) east of Ceuta and 84 km (52 miles) west of Melilla. The aggregate land area of the group of three islands is 4.6 ha or 0.046 square kilometres (0.018 sq mi).Peñón de Alhucemas (Spanish pronunciation: [peˈɲon de aluˈθemas], "Lavender Rock", 35.2135°N 3.8895°W / 35.2135; -3.8895 (Peñón de Alhucemas)) is a tiny rock island, measuring 220 m (722 ft) east-west and up to 84 m (276 ft) north-south, with an area 1.5 ha or 0.015 km2 (0.006 sq mi), and a height of 27 m (89 ft). The rock is entirely occupied by a fort, several houses, and a church. It is one of several peñones, or rock-fortresses, off the coast of Northern Africa.
Isla de Tierra (35.2152°N 3.9026°W / 35.2152; -3.9026 (Isla de Tierra)) is a steep, 11 m (36 ft) high rocky platform, 114 m (374 ft) north of the Moroccan beach, 192 m (630 ft) long northeast–southwest, and up to 87 m (285 ft) wide, yielding an area of 1.7 ha or 0.017 km2 (0.007 sq mi).
Isla de Mar (35.2176°N 3.9008°W / 35.2176; -3.9008 (Isla de Mar)) is a flat, 4 m (13 ft) high islet, with its western end 93 m (305 ft) north of Isla de Tierra, 245 m (804 ft) long east–west, up to 70 m (230 ft) wide, yielding an area of 1.4 ha or 0.014 km2 (0.005 sq mi).Spanish rule dates back to 1559, when the Saadis ceded several territories to Spain in exchange for Spanish help against Ottoman armies. In 1673, Spain sent a garrison to the island of Peñón de Alhucemas, and has permanently occupied it since then. The islands are also located near the landing place the Spanish and French expeditionary forces used in 1925 during the Rif War. Morocco has contested Spanish sovereignty over the islets since Morocco received its independence in 1956.
In 2012 the Spanish military garrison in the fort on Peñón de Alhucemas comprised an infantry section of 25–30 men from the 32nd Mixed Artillery Regiment, plus personnel from the marine services with an inflatable boat for reaching supply vessels.On 29 August 2012, 19 sub-Saharan immigrants traversed the short expanse of water between Morocco and the Isla de Tierra. These individuals camped on the island, hoping to somehow gain access into the Spanish mainland. They were shortly joined by an additional 68 immigrants on 2 September 2012. Refugees and illegal immigration from sub-Saharan nations has been a problem that Spain, and the European Union as a whole, has been trying to solve. Since the islets had an "undefined internal status", the immigrants did not benefit from the Spanish immigration laws and, under a joint operation, Spanish troops tended to the women, children, and medical needs of the immigrants, then turned them back over to Morocco. Moroccan forces promptly deported the individuals across the Algerian border. The Spanish Army has since stationed a small camp on the Isla de Tierra to discourage new attempts to illegally cross into Spanish territory. The handling and deportation of these individuals have been criticized by the Ombudsman of the Spanish Parliament, the Defensor del Pueblo, and by various NGOs and organizations. | null | null | null | null | 0 |
[
"Peñón de Alhucemas",
"located on terrain feature",
"Mediterranean Sea"
] | The Alhucemas Islands (Spanish: Islas Alhucemas, Arabic: جزر الحسيمة) is a group of islands and one of the Spanish plazas de soberanía just off the Moroccan coast in the Alboran Sea. | null | null | null | null | 2 |
[
"Abyei",
"territory claimed by",
"South Sudan"
] | The Abyei Area (Arabic: منطقة أبيي) is an area of 10,546 km2 or 4,072 sq mi on the border between South Sudan and the Sudan that has been accorded "special administrative status" by the 2004 Protocol on the Resolution of the Abyei Conflict (Abyei Protocol) in the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) that ended the Second Sudanese Civil War. The capital of the Abyei Area is Abyei Town. Under the terms of the Abyei Protocol, the Abyei Area is considered, on an interim basis, to be simultaneously part of both the Republic of South Sudan and the Republic of the Sudan, effectively a condominium.
In contrast to the borders of the former district, the Abyei Protocol defined the Abyei Area as "the area of the nine Ngok Dinka chiefdoms transferred to Kordofan in 1905". In 2005, a multinational border commission established this to be those portions of Kordofan south of 10°22′30″ N. However, following continued disputes that erupted into violence and threatened the CPA, an international arbitration process redrew Abyei's boundaries in 2009 to make it significantly smaller, extending no further north than 10°10′00" N. This revised border has now been endorsed by all parties to the dispute. | null | null | null | null | 1 |
[
"Abyei",
"territory claimed by",
"Sudan"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"Meharrize",
"territory claimed by",
"Morocco"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"Boujdour",
"territory claimed by",
"Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"Zangilan District",
"territory claimed by",
"Kashatagh Province"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"Zangilan District",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Zangilan District"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 |
|
[
"Gali Municipality",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Gali Municipality"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"Gali Municipality",
"different from",
"Gali District"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
|
[
"Gali Municipality",
"territory claimed by",
"Republic of Abkhazia"
] | Gali Municipality is an administrative territorial entity of the Georgian Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia. The capital of the district is the town of Gali. The Gali Municipality has boundaries with Ochamchire Municipality of Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia and Zugdidi Municipality of Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti. | null | null | null | null | 8 |
[
"Gaza Empire",
"territory claimed by",
"Gazaland"
] | null | null | null | null | 11 |
|
[
"Gaza Empire",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Gaza Empire"
] | null | null | null | null | 13 |
|
[
"Gaza Empire",
"followed by",
"Amashangana Tribal Authority"
] | null | null | null | null | 14 |
|
[
"Gaza Empire",
"different from",
"Gazankulu"
] | null | null | null | null | 16 |
|
[
"Smara",
"territory claimed by",
"Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
|
[
"Smara",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Smara"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 |
|
[
"Oued Ed-Dahab Province",
"territory claimed by",
"Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic"
] | == References == | null | null | null | null | 0 |
[
"Oued Ed-Dahab Province",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Oued Ed-Dahab Province"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
|
[
"Aousserd",
"territory claimed by",
"Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic"
] | Aousserd, Ausert or Auserd is a small town and rural commune in Aousserd Province of the Dakhla-Oued Ed-Dahab region of Western Sahara, disputed between Morocco and the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic and under Moroccan control. The number of permanent structures in Aousserd is low, as many residents follow the traditionally nomadic Bedouin lifestyle of the Sahrawis, passing through the town only temporarily and living in tents. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 5832 people living in 225 households.South of Tindouf, Algeria, there is a Sahrawi refugee camp named after Aousserd. | null | null | null | null | 6 |
[
"Saguia el-Hamra",
"territory claimed by",
"Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic"
] | Saguia el-Hamra (Spanish: Saguía el Hamra, Arabic: الساقية الحمراء, romanized: al-Saqiyah al-Hamra'a, lit. 'Red Canal') was, with Río de Oro, one of the two territories that formed the Spanish province of Spanish Sahara after 1969. Its name comes from a waterway that goes through the capital. The wadi is inhabited by the Oulad Tidrarin Sahrawi tribe.
Occupying the northern part of Western Sahara, it lay between the 26th parallel north and 27°50'N. The city of Cape Bojador served to divide the regions. Its colonial capital was El Aaiún (Laâyoune), and it also included the city of Smara.
The territory takes its name from an intermittent river, the Saguia el-Hamra, the route of which runs west from south of El Farsia to reach the Atlantic at Laayoune.
The area is roughly 82,000 km (51,000 mi), making it approximately a third of the entire Western Sahara. | null | null | null | null | 4 |
[
"Ottawa Valley",
"territory claimed by",
"Algonquian people"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 |
|
[
"Ottawa Valley",
"located on terrain feature",
"Ottawa-Bonnechere Graben"
] | The Ottawa Valley is the valley of the Ottawa River, along the boundary between Eastern Ontario and the Outaouais, Quebec, Canada. The valley is the transition between the Saint Lawrence Lowlands and the Canadian Shield. Because of the surrounding shield, the valley is narrow at its western end and then becomes increasingly wide (mainly on the Ontario side of the river) as it progresses eastward. The underlying geophysical structure is the Ottawa-Bonnechere Graben. Approximately 1.3 million people reside in the valley (and along its tributaries), around 80% of whom reside in Ottawa. The total area of the Ottawa Valley is 2.4 million ha (6 million ac). The National Capital Region area has just over 1.4 million inhabitants in both provinces.
Near the City of Ottawa, the Ottawa Valley merges with the St. Lawrence Valley to the south to create a delta of flat farmland stretching unbroken from the Ottawa River to the Saint Lawrence River as far east as the island of Montreal, where the two rivers meet. The area is sometimes referred to as the "Lower Ottawa Valley," in contrast with the "Upper Ottawa Valley" west of Ottawa, but the name is not common, and most people think of the Ottawa Valley as only the upper portion. Cornwall is typically not included in the Ottawa Valley.From west to east, communities in the Ottawa Valley include Mattawa, Deep River (with nearby Chalk River, the site of Canada's nuclear reactor program), Petawawa (a major Canadian military base), Pembroke (where Samuel de Champlain landed briefly), Fort Coulonge, Shawville, Renfrew, Quyon, Arnprior, Ottawa (the nation's capital), Rockland, L'Orignal, Hawkesbury, and Rigaud and Almonte, Round Lake Centre, Dacre, Douglas, Hyndford, Scotch Bush, Osceola and Barr Line. | null | null | null | null | 8 |
[
"Amgala",
"territory claimed by",
"Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic"
] | Amgala (Arabic: أمگالة; Berber languages: ⴰⵎⴳⴰⵍⴰ) is an oasis in Western Sahara. It is located between Tifariti and Smara, outside the Moroccan Wall in the area controlled by the Polisario.Western Sahara War | null | null | null | null | 5 |
[
"Kim Floor",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | Kim Floor (born 14 March 1948 in Porvoo) is a Finnish singer, actor and television host. Päivi Paunu and Kim Floor represented Finland in the Eurovision Song Contest in 1972 with the song "Muistathan" ("I Hope You Remember"). In the 1990s, Floor hosted the television game show Onnenpyörä, the Finnish version of Wheel of Fortune. | null | null | null | null | 2 |
[
"Ferman Akgül",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | International experience
In 2009 Akgül and the other members of maNga had their sights set on international success. In 2009, they received the Best European Act award at the MTV Europe Music Awards and the same year, they released the Şehr-i Hüzün album.
Their big international break came in 2010, when they came second in the Eurovision Song Contest with the song "We Could Be the Same". The exposure made them known around Europe and in 2011, "Fly to Stay Alive" written and composed by Akgül, was released. The single topped the charts in several European countries including #1 on the MTV Adria Rock Chart. The single has since been used as commercial music for TV, featuring athletes from teams such as LA Lakers and Manchester United.
maNga has performed as opening act for Korn, Linkin Park, Nine Inch Nails, The Cure, The Offspring, Limp Bizkit, and Skin. They have headlined countless festivals and shows (Rock'n Coke, Fanta, Vitebsk Slavianski Bazaar Belarus, Sziget Hungary, The Balkan Concerts Bosnia & Herzegovina, Balkan Music Awards Bulgaria, Belgrade Festival Serbia) and toured extensively through Europe. Across the pond they performed at New York City’s “Istanbul Live” Central Park and London's O2 Academy Islington. | null | null | null | null | 4 |
[
"Adrian Lulgjuraj",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | Adrian Lulgjuraj (born 19 August 1980) is a Montenegrin-born Albanian singer . Together with Bledar Sejko, he represented Albania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013 in Malmö with the song "Identitet". The song failed to qualify for the final. | null | null | null | null | 3 |
[
"Tomas Thordarson",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"Moti Giladi",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | Mordechai "Moti" Giladi (born December 18, 1946, Haifa) is an Israeli singer and actor.He released his first album in 1969 after he finished his military service. He lived in the United States of America in the seventies and was a cantor in a Jewish community.
He returned to Israel in the early eighties and, in 1986, joined Kdam Eurovision with Sarai Tzuriel. At the end of the contest, they won and were chosen to represent Israel in the 1986 Eurovision Song Contest held in Norway Bergen to represent Israel and the duet finished in nineteenth place with 7 points.
Since the early nineties, Giladi has continued his career as an actor and also participated at Big Brother's second VIP season, eliminated only one week before the finale. | null | null | null | null | 2 |
[
"Izolda Barudžija",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"Marijonas Mikutavičius",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | Marijus Mikutavičius (born 19 April 1971), known better as Marijonas Mikutavičius, is a Lithuanian singer, musician and songwriter, a television journalist, a comedian and a talk show host from Vilnius. He is best known for his sports anthem Trys Milijonai as well as an official Eurobasket 2011 song Celebrate Basketball and for representing his country at Eurovision Song Contest 2006 as part of LT United. | null | null | null | null | 2 |
[
"Robert Williams (singer)",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | Life and career
Born in Athens to a British father and a Greek mother, Williams began his career as guitarist and singer of the rock band Poll. He started his solo career in 1974, and in 1976 he had his major hit with the song "Μίλα μου" ("Talk to Me"). In 1977, together with singers Pascalis, Marianna Toli and Bessy Argyraki he entered the Eurovision Song Contest, placing fifth with the song "Mathema Solfege".Close to New Democracy, he composed the anthem of the party in 1982. He was also active as a score composer.Williams died of pancreatic cancer on 21 August 2022, at the age of 72. | null | null | null | null | 4 |
[
"Sophie Hecquet",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 |
|
[
"Amaya Uranga",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 |
|
[
"Nina Žižić",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | Nina Žižić (born 20 April 1985) is a Montenegrin singer.
RTCG announced in December 2012 that Who See would represent Montenegro in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013 held in Malmö together with a "secret artist" which was Nina. Their entry was the song "Igranka". The song was performed as part of the first semi-final heat on Tuesday 14 May 2013. They didn't qualify coming 12th with 41 points. | null | null | null | null | 2 |
[
"Natália Kelly",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | 2013: Eurovision Song Contest and Natália Kelly
On 15 February 2013, Kelly entered the Austrian national selection for the Eurovision Song Contest 2013, Österreich rockt den Song Contest, with her song "Shine". At the close of voting, Kelly had received 32 points from the jury vote, and 38 points from the televote, giving a total of 70 points and first place, and thus she was selected to represent Austria at the Eurovision Song Contest in Malmö, Sweden. Kelly competed in the first semi-final of the competition on 14 May 2013, however, Austria missed out on qualification for the final, placing 14th in a field of 16 and scoring 27 points. Her debut album entitled Natália Kelly was released worldwide on 12 April 2013. | null | null | null | null | 0 |
[
"Nina Inhammar",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 |
|
[
"Kayo Shekoni",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"Kim Kärnfalk",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"Dea Norberg",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | Andrea Heléne "Dea" Norberg (born 3 March 1974 in Bräkne-Hoby, Sweden) is a Swedish singer and choirgirl who sang in most of Sweden's Eurovision Song Contest entries during the 2000s. Norberg has been involved in the Melodifestivalen house-choir between 2003 and 2006 and 2009, the choir for Sweden in Eurovision in 1999, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 and in Malta's Eurovision in 2000. However Norberg saw 2009 as her last year in Melodifestivalen as she moved to Las Vegas, Nevada, United States to do shows there.The last time she participated in Eurovision Song Contest 2016 as a backing vocalist for the Australian and Azeri entrants.
As from January 2012, Dea joined the band of Roxette as a backing vocalist on various Australian, Asian, European and North- and South American legs of their 2011–2012 and 2014–2016 world tours.
Dea is one of the vocalists in the Viva Elvis Live Band and sings "Love me tender" with Elvis in the show and on the 2010 album "Viva Elvis, The Album". | null | null | null | null | 2 |
[
"Eneda Tarifa",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 |
|
[
"Claes af Geijerstam",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | Claes Olof af Geijerstam (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈklɑːs ɑːv ˈjɛ̂jːɛˌʂʈam]; born 6 February 1946), nicknamed Clabbe (IPA: [ˈklâbːɛ]), is a Swedish musician, radio personality and DJ who is mostly famous for his talent of rapid speech and his many years as a radio DJ.
He is also known for his role as jury member on the popular Swedish version of Pop Idol during 2004–2006. After the 2006 season, he decided to leave the programme.Af Geijerstam was part of the pop group Ola & the Janglers in the 1960s and formed the group Malta (later renamed Nova) together with Göran Fristorp. They competed in Melodifestivalen 1973 with the song "Sommar'n som aldrig säger nej." They won the contest over ABBA, who finished in third place with their song "Ring Ring (Bara du slog en signal)." As a result of that victory, the duo represented Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 1973, where they translated their song into English with the title "You're Summer (You Never Tell Me No)" and finished fifth.
In 1979, af Geijerstam was the sound engineer for ABBA's North American and European tour. | null | null | null | null | 2 |
[
"Kaire Vilgats",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | Kaire Vilgats (born 11 January 1976) is an Estonian vocalist and actress, known for numerous roles in stage musicals. Over the years, she has repeatedly participated in the Eurovision Song Contest as a backing vocalist for Estonian entries.Other credits
Kaire Vilgats is a backing vocalist for different Estonian pop acts, such as Anne Veski, Ivo Linna or Maarja.
With 7 appearances, she is holding the record of biggest number of participations in the Eurovision Song Contest for Estonia. In 2000 and 2002, she sang backing vocals for the Estonian and Maltese songs, and did the same for Estonia at 2014, 2016, 2017 and 2019 contests. The 2020 contest in Rotterdam she was to attend as a backing singer got cancelled due to the pandemic spread of coronavirus.
Vilgats provided her vocals for the album Family. We are Family, released in 2003 as a cooperative effort of several popular vocalists, such as Nele-Liis Vaiksoo and Lauri Pihlap. She has also performed with the Estonian Police Orchestra and a number of other orchestras and groups.
Kaire Vilgats has been open about her weight problems and has therefore given patronage to sporting events, like Tartu Maraton in which she successfully participates. She has co-hosted and participated in TV-shows, Your Face Sounds Familiar among many.
In 2021, she had a small role in the Ergo Kuld directed comedy film Jahihooaeg. In 2023, she appeared as Sohvia in the Kuld directed feature film comedy Suvitajad. | null | null | null | null | 1 |
[
"Orlin Pavlov",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"Kaspars Roga",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"Pearu Paulus",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"Sverrir Stormsker",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | Sverrir Stormsker (born 6 September 1963 in Reykjavík) is an Icelandic singer and pianist. He participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988, representing Iceland as half of the duo Beathoven along with Stefán Hilmarsson. The song was entitled Þú og þeir (Sókrates). | null | null | null | null | 1 |
[
"Federica Falzon",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | Federica Falzon (born 17 February 2003) is a Maltese mezzo-soprano singer. She represented Malta at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2014 on home soil with the song "Diamonds", and placed 4th. | null | null | null | null | 2 |
[
"Alexander Ivanov (singer)",
"participant of",
"Eurovision Song Contest"
] | null | null | null | null | 0 |
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