triplets
list | passage
stringlengths 0
32.9k
| label
stringlengths 4
48
⌀ | label_id
int64 0
1k
⌀ | synonyms
list | __index_level_1__
int64 312
64.1k
⌀ | __index_level_0__
int64 0
2.4k
⌀ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[
"Fallowfield station (Ontario)",
"different from",
"Fallowfield Station"
] | null | null | null | null | 25 |
|
[
"Fallowfield station (Ontario)",
"different from",
"Fallowfield railway station"
] | null | null | null | null | 28 |
|
[
"Caracas Metro",
"connects with",
"Caracas Metrobus"
] | null | null | null | null | 9 |
|
[
"Caracas Metro",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Caracas Metro"
] | null | null | null | null | 12 |
|
[
"Caracas Metro",
"owned by",
"Cabinet of Venezuela"
] | null | null | null | null | 13 |
|
[
"Baner ac Amserau Cymru",
"owned by",
"Thomas Gee"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 |
|
[
"Baner ac Amserau Cymru",
"connects with",
"Gwilym R. Jones"
] | null | null | null | null | 11 |
|
[
"Baner ac Amserau Cymru",
"connects with",
"Emyr Price"
] | null | null | null | null | 12 |
|
[
"Baner ac Amserau Cymru",
"replaces",
"Yr Amserau"
] |
The Baner ac Amserau Cymru (established in 1857) was a weekly Welsh language newspaper, distributed throughout Wales and in the Liverpool area. It contained local and national news and information. It was formed by the amalgamation of Baner Cymru ("The Banner of Wales"), which had been founded in 1857 by Thomas Gee, and Yr Amserau ("The Times", founded 1846) in 1859. The bookseller and writer Ellis Pierce wrote for the Baner. It ran until 1972 when it was replaced by Y Faner, which folded in 1993.
Welsh Newspapers Online has digitised many of the early issues of Baner ac Amserau Cymru from the National Library of Wales' newspaper collection.
| null | null | null | null | 13 |
[
"Baner ac Amserau Cymru",
"connects with",
"Mathonwy Hughes"
] | null | null | null | null | 14 |
|
[
"Battersea Bridge",
"connects with",
"Cheyne Walk"
] | null | null | null | null | 11 |
|
[
"Battersea Bridge",
"connects with",
"Beaufort Street"
] | null | null | null | null | 18 |
|
[
"Battersea Bridge",
"connects with",
"Battersea Bridge Road"
] | null | null | null | null | 20 |
|
[
"Amrita School of Medicine",
"founded by",
"Mata Amritanandamayi"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"Amrita School of Medicine",
"connects with",
"Amrita Hospital, Kochi"
] |
Academics
The Amrita Schools of Medicine offer undergraduate and postgraduate medical programs. The undergraduate programs are five-year, MBBS programs that lead to the Doctor of Medicine degree. The postgraduate programs include MD, MS, and DM programs in a variety of specialties.The medical schools along with nursing, pharmacy, nursing and allied health sciences are attached to Amrita Hospital, Kochi and Amrita Hospital, Faridabad.
| null | null | null | null | 4 |
[
"Laguna José Ignacio",
"connects with",
"Arroyo José Ignacio"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"Occipital sinus",
"connects with",
"Confluence of sinuses"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"Chatelherault Country Park",
"connects with",
"Chatelherault"
] |
Chatelherault Country Park is a country park in Hamilton, South Lanarkshire, Scotland. It is located in the village of Ferniegair, 1+1⁄4 miles (2 kilometres) from Hamilton town centre. On the west side of the park, runs the Avon, a tributary of the River Clyde.
Its name is derived from the French town of Châtellerault, the title Duc de Châtellerault having been granted to James Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Arran in 1548 for his part in arranging the marriage of Mary, Queen of Scots, to Francis, Dauphin of France.History
The ancient kings of Strathclyde owned a hunting lodge and royal palace in the woodlands near Cadzow, the old name for Hamilton. A Bronze Age burial site was found in the forest, with an urn and the body of a woman having been undisturbed for up to 3000 years. It is possible that during the early medieval age, this land was the power centre of the lost kingdom of Goddau, which is mentioned in Old Welsh poetry from the 6th century. Queen Langoureth of Strathclyde is said to be the first and last ruler of this kingdom, before it was likely reincorporated back into Strathclyde.
After Strathclyde ceased to be independent in the 11th century, the hunting lodge and palace came under Scottish control, and at some point the site became Cadzow Castle.
The country park is centred on the former hunting lodge, a folly designed to be seen from the now demolished Hamilton Palace at the end of a broad grass slope forming an avenue with lines of lime trees. The lodge was designed by William Adam and completed in 1734. It comprises two buildings, linked by a gateway, in the form of four pavilions above a garden wall. The north facade was visible from the palace and forms the front of the building. To the rear are formal parterre gardens. The buildings provided kennels, stables and accommodation for hunting parties returning from the woodlands to the south. Adam jokingly referred to his creation as 'The Dogg Kennel'.From 1591, Hamilton Palace became the main residence of the Dukes of Hamilton. Rebuilding as the largest country house in Scotland with an imposing Palladian south front began in 1684, then from 1822 Alexander, 10th Duke of Hamilton had the palace considerably enlarged as a setting for a major art collection, with the north front designed by David Hamilton. Due to debts the art collection was sold in 1882, and the family moved out. In 1889 the 12th Duke leased out coal mining under the Low Parks, and further leasing in 1915 extended the mines under the house itself, causing subsidence to the palace which was sold for demolition in 1921. The ground in front of the lodge was excavated for sand quarrying. The resulting subsidence has created a noticeably lopsided feel in the lodge: coins will roll across the floor, and many visitors report feeling unbalanced and ill. The quarrying was halted in the 1970s, following the death of the 14th Duke. The High and Low parks of Hamilton were given to the nation in lieu of death duties. Historic Scotland began renovating the lodge in the late 1970s, including the fine Georgian plasterwork, and a visitor centre was built to the rear. The lodge and park were opened to the public in 1987 and are now managed by South Lanarkshire Council.The ruins of Cadzow Castle lie above the gorge of the Avon Water, which runs to the west of the lodge. The bulk of the park lies along the Avon gorge, with woodland walks and cycle routes. A herd of Cadzow cattle live in the fields overlooked by the hunting lodge. This apparently unique breed have white coats and long horns.In December 2005, access to Chatelherault Country Park was improved with the opening of Chatelherault railway station near to the entrance of the park. This provides two trains from Glasgow (via Hamilton) per hour.
From July 2017 a programme commenced to remove a large area of non-native conifers from the area around the hunting lodge opening views onto the Duke’s Bridge, Cadzow Castle and the Avon Gorge.
| null | null | null | null | 4 |
[
"TRAX (light rail)",
"connects with",
"FrontRunner"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 |
|
[
"TRAX (light rail)",
"connects with",
"S Line"
] | null | null | null | null | 10 |
|
[
"TRAX (light rail)",
"owned by",
"Utah Transit Authority"
] |
TRAX is a light rail system in the Salt Lake Valley of Utah, in the United States, serving Salt Lake City and many of its suburbs throughout Salt Lake County. The official name of Transit Express is rarely, if ever, used. The system is operated by the Utah Transit Authority (UTA). All TRAX trains are electric, receiving power from overhead wires.TRAX has 51 stations on three lines. The Blue Line provides service from Downtown Salt Lake City to Draper. The Red Line provides service from the University of Utah to the Daybreak Community of South Jordan. The Green Line provides service from Salt Lake City International Airport to West Valley City. In 2022, the system had a ridership of 10,634,200, or about 32,100 per weekday as of the first quarter of 2023.
| null | null | null | null | 12 |
[
"Lytle Tunnel",
"connects with",
"Fort Washington Way"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 |
|
[
"Ferchland Grieben Ferry",
"uses",
"Fähre Ferchland–Grieben"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
|
[
"Ferchland Grieben Ferry",
"connects with",
"Fähre Ferchland–Grieben"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 |
|
[
"AbMAN",
"connects with",
"JANET"
] |
AbMAN (Aberdeen Metropolitan Area Network) was one of the regional networks that comprise JANET. AbMAN connected universities and colleges in and around Aberdeen in Scotland to one another and to the Janet backbone.
The AbMAN POPs were replaced by Janet managed POPs in mid 2010.
| null | null | null | null | 2 |
[
"EaStMAN",
"connects with",
"JANET"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"True North Square",
"owned by",
"True North Sports & Entertainment"
] |
Public plaza
True North Square plaza is a privately-owned publicly-accessible space. It encompass two acres south of Graham Avenue, between Hargrave and Carlton Streets. The public park and plaza features an outdoor stage and a skating rink during the winter months. The plaza opened in September 2018.A statue of former Winnipeg Jets captain and Hockey Hall of Fame-inductee Dale Hawerchuk was unveiled at the plaza on October 1, 2022.
| null | null | null | null | 3 |
[
"True North Square",
"connects with",
"Cityplace"
] | null | null | null | null | 10 |
|
[
"Leadenhall Market",
"connects with",
"Lime Street Passage"
] |
Leadenhall Market is a covered market in London, England, located on Gracechurch Street but with vehicular access also available via Whittington Avenue to the north and Lime Street to the south and east, and additional pedestrian access via a number of narrow passageways.
It is one of the oldest markets in London, dating from the 14th century, and is located in the historic centre of the City of London financial district.
| null | null | null | null | 4 |
[
"Leadenhall Market",
"connects with",
"Leadenhall Place"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
|
[
"Leadenhall Market",
"connects with",
"Whittington Avenue"
] |
Leadenhall Market is a covered market in London, England, located on Gracechurch Street but with vehicular access also available via Whittington Avenue to the north and Lime Street to the south and east, and additional pedestrian access via a number of narrow passageways.
It is one of the oldest markets in London, dating from the 14th century, and is located in the historic centre of the City of London financial district.
| null | null | null | null | 6 |
[
"Leadenhall Market",
"connects with",
"Gracechurch Street"
] |
Leadenhall Market is a covered market in London, England, located on Gracechurch Street but with vehicular access also available via Whittington Avenue to the north and Lime Street to the south and east, and additional pedestrian access via a number of narrow passageways.
It is one of the oldest markets in London, dating from the 14th century, and is located in the historic centre of the City of London financial district.
| null | null | null | null | 14 |
[
"SOLAR (ISS)",
"significant event",
"service retirement"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"SOLAR (ISS)",
"significant event",
"atmospheric entry"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
|
[
"SOLAR (ISS)",
"significant event",
"rocket launch"
] |
SOLAR was an ESA science observatory on the Columbus Laboratory, which is part of the International Space Station. SOLAR was launched with Columbus on February 2008 aboard STS-122. It was externally mounted to Columbus with the European Technology Exposure Facility (EuTEF). SOLAR has three main space science instruments: SOVIM, SOLSPEC and SOL-ACES. Together they provide detailed measurements of the Sun's spectral irradiance. The SOLAR platform and its instruments are controlled from the Belgian User Support and Operations Centre (B.USOC), located at the Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BISA) in Uccle, Belgium.
| null | null | null | null | 6 |
[
"SOLAR (ISS)",
"significant event",
"stevedoring"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 |
|
[
"SOLAR (ISS)",
"significant event",
"separation"
] | null | null | null | null | 8 |
|
[
"SOLAR (ISS)",
"connects with",
"Columbus External Payload Facility"
] | null | null | null | null | 9 |
|
[
"SOLAR (ISS)",
"significant event",
"connection"
] | null | null | null | null | 11 |
|
[
"SOLAR (ISS)",
"significant event",
"undocking"
] | null | null | null | null | 13 |
|
[
"SOLAR (ISS)",
"significant event",
"service entry"
] | null | null | null | null | 16 |
|
[
"Minories",
"connects with",
"Crosswall"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 |
|
[
"Minories",
"connects with",
"Aldgate High Street"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 |
|
[
"Minories",
"connects with",
"Tower Hill"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 |
|
[
"Minories",
"connects with",
"Aldgate Square"
] | null | null | null | null | 8 |
|
[
"High Definition Earth Viewing cameras",
"significant event",
"atmospheric entry"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"High Definition Earth Viewing cameras",
"significant event",
"service entry"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 |
|
[
"High Definition Earth Viewing cameras",
"significant event",
"service retirement"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
|
[
"High Definition Earth Viewing cameras",
"significant event",
"rocket launch"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 |
|
[
"High Definition Earth Viewing cameras",
"significant event",
"stevedoring"
] | null | null | null | null | 8 |
|
[
"High Definition Earth Viewing cameras",
"significant event",
"separation"
] | null | null | null | null | 9 |
|
[
"High Definition Earth Viewing cameras",
"connects with",
"Columbus External Payload Facility"
] | null | null | null | null | 10 |
|
[
"High Definition Earth Viewing cameras",
"significant event",
"connection"
] | null | null | null | null | 11 |
|
[
"High Definition Earth Viewing cameras",
"significant event",
"undocking"
] | null | null | null | null | 14 |
|
[
"High Definition Earth Viewing cameras",
"significant event",
"breakdown"
] | null | null | null | null | 15 |
|
[
"ISS-RapidScat",
"significant event",
"atmospheric entry"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"ISS-RapidScat",
"significant event",
"rocket launch"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"ISS-RapidScat",
"significant event",
"failure"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 |
|
[
"ISS-RapidScat",
"significant event",
"service entry"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 |
|
[
"ISS-RapidScat",
"significant event",
"service retirement"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 |
|
[
"ISS-RapidScat",
"significant event",
"stevedoring"
] | null | null | null | null | 9 |
|
[
"ISS-RapidScat",
"significant event",
"separation"
] | null | null | null | null | 10 |
|
[
"ISS-RapidScat",
"connects with",
"Columbus External Payload Facility"
] | null | null | null | null | 11 |
|
[
"ISS-RapidScat",
"significant event",
"connection"
] | null | null | null | null | 12 |
|
[
"ISS-RapidScat",
"significant event",
"undocking"
] | null | null | null | null | 14 |
|
[
"Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor",
"significant event",
"rocket launch"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor",
"connects with",
"Columbus External Payload Facility"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 |
|
[
"Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor",
"used by",
"Expedition 55"
] | null | null | null | null | 8 |
|
[
"Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor",
"used by",
"Expedition 56"
] | null | null | null | null | 9 |
|
[
"Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor",
"used by",
"Expedition 57"
] | null | null | null | null | 10 |
|
[
"Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor",
"used by",
"Expedition 58"
] | null | null | null | null | 11 |
|
[
"Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor",
"used by",
"Expedition 59"
] | null | null | null | null | 12 |
|
[
"Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor",
"used by",
"Expedition 60"
] | null | null | null | null | 13 |
|
[
"Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor",
"used by",
"Expedition 61"
] | null | null | null | null | 14 |
|
[
"Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor",
"used by",
"Expedition 62"
] | null | null | null | null | 15 |
|
[
"Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor",
"used by",
"Expedition 63"
] | null | null | null | null | 16 |
|
[
"Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor",
"used by",
"Expedition 64"
] | null | null | null | null | 17 |
|
[
"Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor",
"used by",
"Expedition 65"
] | null | null | null | null | 18 |
|
[
"Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor",
"used by",
"Expedition 66"
] | null | null | null | null | 19 |
|
[
"Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor",
"used by",
"Expedition 67"
] | null | null | null | null | 21 |
|
[
"Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor",
"used by",
"Expedition 68"
] | null | null | null | null | 22 |
|
[
"Karun-3 Dam",
"connects with",
"Karun-3 Hydro Power Plant"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
|
[
"New Haven Line",
"owned by",
"Metro-North Railroad"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 |
|
[
"New Haven Line",
"owned by",
"Connecticut Department of Transportation"
] | null | null | null | null | 10 |
|
[
"New Haven Line",
"connects with",
"Danbury Branch"
] | null | null | null | null | 11 |
|
[
"New Haven Line",
"connects with",
"New Canaan Branch"
] | null | null | null | null | 12 |
|
[
"New Haven Line",
"connects with",
"Waterbury Branch"
] | null | null | null | null | 14 |
|
[
"Eastern Mediterranean",
"connects with",
"Western Mediterranean"
] | null | null | null | null | 12 |
|
[
"Eastern Mediterranean",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Eastern Mediterranean"
] | null | null | null | null | 13 |
|
[
"Fort Washington Way",
"connects with",
"Lytle Tunnel"
] |
Fort Washington Way is an approximately 0.9-mile-long (1.4 km) section of freeway in downtown Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. The eight-lane divided highway is a concurrent section of Interstate 71 (I-71) and U.S. Route 50 (US 50) that runs from west to east from an interchange with I-75 at the Brent Spence Bridge to the Lytle Tunnel and Columbia Parkway.Fort Washington Way is named after Fort Washington, a fort that preceded the establishment of Cincinnati. One of the city's first freeways, it was conceived in 1946 as the Third Street Distributor in conjunction with a major urban renewal project along the riverfront. It opened in 1961 after one of the most expensive road construction projects per mile in the United States. Fort Washington Way's complex system of ramps made it the most crash-prone mile of urban freeway in Ohio. During the late 1990s, it was rebuilt with a simpler, more compact configuration, improving traffic safety and facilitating the riverfront's redevelopment as The Banks.Route description
Fort Washington Way begins at a complex interchange with I-75 at the northern end of the Brent Spence Bridge. It ends a short distance later at a fork in the road. I-71 curves eight degrees to the north before entering the Lytle Tunnel, while US 50 continues east on Columbia Parkway via the Third Street Viaduct.The entire highway lies in a 25-foot-deep (7.6 m), 150-foot-wide (46 m) trench parallel to Second Street and Pete Rose Way to the south and Third Street to the north. Together, these roadways form a collector-distributor system. There are five overpasses along Fort Washington Way; the overpasses at either end are cable-stayed. The Riverfront Transit Center runs parallel to Fort Washington Way, in a tunnel beneath Second Street. The Cincinnati Bell Connector streetcar system crosses over Fort Washington Way twice, on Walnut and Main streets, with a stop on Second Street above the Riverfront Transit Center.
A 30-foot-tall (9.1 m) flood wall and pumping station protect Fort Washington Way from Ohio River floodwaters. The pump is activated when the river reaches 60 feet (18 m), as measured from the Roebling Suspension Bridge. The Fort Washington Way corridor also includes a combined sewer overflow mitigation system and fiber optic backbone.
| null | null | null | null | 9 |
[
"Kinosaki (train)",
"connects with",
"Maizuru"
] | null | null | null | null | 11 |
|
[
"Hashidate",
"connects with",
"Maizuru"
] | null | null | null | null | 12 |
|
[
"National Library of Wales",
"owner of",
"Cwrtmawr manuscripts"
] |
History
In 1873, a committee was set up to collect Welsh material and house it at University College, Aberystwyth. In 1905, the government promised money in its budget to establish a National Library and a National Museum of Wales, and the Privy Council appointed a committee to decide on the location of the two institutions. David Lloyd George, who later became Prime Minister, supported the effort to establish the National Library in Aberystwyth, which was selected as the location of the library after a bitter fight with Cardiff, partly because a collection was already available in the College. Sir John Williams, physician and book collector, had also said he would present his collection (in particular, the Peniarth collection of manuscripts) to the library if it were established in Aberystwyth. He also eventually gave £20,000 to build and establish the library. Cardiff was eventually selected as the location of the National Museum of Wales. Funds for both the National Library and the National Museum were contributed by the subscriptions of the working classes, which was unusual in the establishment of such institutions. In a Prefatory Note to A List of Subscribers to the Building Fund (1924), the first librarian, John Ballinger, estimates that there were almost 110,000 contributors. The Library and Museum were established by Royal Charter on 19 March 1907. The Charter stipulated that if the National Library of Wales should be removed from Aberystwyth then the manuscripts donated by Sir John Williams will become the property of the University College. A new Royal Charter was granted in 2006.
The National Library of Wales was granted the privilege of legal deposit under the Copyright Act 1911. Initially, however, the Library could only claim material deemed to be of Welsh and Celtic interest without any restrictions on expensive or limited edition publications. In 1987, the last of these restrictions were removed to make the legal deposit entitlement of the National Library of Wales equal to those of the Bodleian Library, Cambridge University Library, Trinity College Library, Dublin and the National Library of Scotland.The first use of the Library of Congress Classification by a library in Britain was at the National Library of Wales in 1913.Cwrtmawr Manuscripts
The Cwrtmawr Manuscripts are one of the significant manuscript collections that were transferred to the National Library of Wales in the early years of its existence. They are from the personal collection of John Humphreys Davies, who was the Principal of University College, Aberystwyth. Davies was a barrister and a keen book collector who acquired the manuscripts gradually from a number of sources. The largest group of manuscripts are those acquired from John Jones ('Myrddin Fardd'), but there are several other substantial groups including those from a Welsh clerical family, the Richards of Darowen, Peter Bailey Williams and his brother Rev. St George Armstrong Williams, William John Roberts ('Gwilym Cowlyd'), and Daniel Silvan Evans.
| null | null | null | null | 12 |
[
"National Library of Wales",
"connects with",
"John Gwenogvryn Evans"
] | null | null | null | null | 14 |
|
[
"National Library of Wales",
"topic's main category",
"Category:National Library of Wales"
] | null | null | null | null | 19 |
|
[
"National Library of Wales",
"owner of",
"Peniarth Manuscripts"
] |
Library collections
The collections of the National Library of Wales include over 6.5 million printed volumes, including the first book printed in Welsh, Yny lhyvyr hwnn (1546). In addition to the printed book collections, there are about 25,000 manuscripts in the holdings. The archival collections at the Library include the Welsh Political Archive and National Screen and Sound Archive of Wales. The Library also keeps maps, photographs, paintings, topographical and landscape prints, periodicals and newspapers. In 2010, the Peniarth Manuscript collection and The Life Story of David Lloyd George were amongst the first ten inscriptions on the UK Memory of the World Register, a UNESCO record of documentary heritage of cultural significance.Collection development is focused on materials relating to the people of Wales, those in the Welsh language and resources for Celtic studies, but other materials are collected for the purposes of education and literary and scientific research. As a legal deposit library, the National Library is entitled to request a copy of every work published in the United Kingdom and Ireland. This has allowed the Library to collect modern Welsh, Irish and Gaelic language books for its Celtic collection. The acquisition of material through legal deposit has been supplemented by purchases, international exchanges, donations and bequests.The Celtic collection includes works in all six Celtic languages. A representative collection of Scottish Gaelic books has been assembled, primarily through purchase of earlier publications, guided by the standard bibliographies, and, for books published after 1911, by legal deposit. Irish literature, which is far more extensive, has been collected through a similar combination of purchase and deposit. However, many collections purchased by or donated to the Library have contained rare Irish books. The Library of Dr E. C. Quiggin, which was received in 1921, contained a large Irish collection and many early Breton books. Further Breton books have been purchased or were acquired in the libraries of Sir Edward Anwyl, Thomas Powel, Dr Thomas Gwynn Jones, Dr Paul Diverres and Llywarch Reynolds. The holdings of Cornish and Manx printed books include practically everything that has been published in those languages, with a few facsimiles.The Library's holdings can also be found in the European Library and Copac union catalogues.The Black Book of Carmarthen (c. 1250), the earliest manuscript in Welsh (Peniarth MS 1).
The Book of Taliesin (c. 1350–1400) contains the oldest Welsh verse by the sixth-century poet Taliesin (Peniarth MS 2).
The White Book of Rhydderch (c. 1350), a composite volume that contains the earliest version of the Mabinogion (Peniarth MS 4).
The earliest fragments of Branwen and Manawydan and two fragments of Geraint ap Erbin comprise the four parts of Peniarth MS 6.
Ystoryaeu Seint Greal (Tales of the Holy Grail), transcribed by Hywel Fychan around the year 1300, is the finest in a series of Romance manuscripts. A letter addressed to Lady Charlotte Guest concerning access to this text to have it copied is loose inside the volume (Peniarth MS 11).
The Chronicle of the Princes in Peniarth MS 20 (c. 1330) is one of the two main versions of Brut y Tywysogion, the other being the Red Book of Hergest, which is in the Bodleian Library, Oxford.
History of the Kings (Peniarth MS 23C), is a copy of Brut y Brenhinedd, the Welsh translation of the Historia Regum Britanniae by Geoffrey of Monmouth. It is a rare instance of an illustrated medieval Welsh manuscript.
The Laws of Hywel Dda (c. 1300–1350), the earliest extant text (in Latin) of native Welsh law (Peniarth MS 28). More than 50% of the manuscripts known to contain the laws of Hywel Dda are in the collections of the National Library, with the majority being in the Peniarth Collection (see the list of Welsh Law manuscripts).
Llyfr Du'r Waun (mid-13th century), also known as the Black Book of Chirk, the earliest Welsh text of the laws of Hywel Dda (Peniarth MS 29).
Peniarth 32 is a 15th-century volume of the laws of Hywel Dda.
The Peniarth 51 manuscript contains poetry, Welsh grammar, vocabularies, and historical triads that was written, mostly in the hand of Gwilym Tew, during the second half of the 15th century.
Barddoniaeth Hywel Dafi (c. 1483–1500), a volume of poetry most by and possibly in the hand of Howel Davi. Other poets included in this volume are Bedo Brwynllys, Dafydd Llwyd, Llywelyn ap Morgan, Dafydd ap Gwilym and Ieuan ap Howel. The assumption that this manuscript was written by Howel Davi is challenged by evidence, such as slips of the pen that occur in poems of Davi's composition, that suggest the scribe was copying these poems. With the exception of two sections (42 and 43), which are an attempt at transcription by an unskilled hand, the entire manuscript appears to be the work of one scribe (Peniarth MS 67).
Beunans Meriasek (The Life of St Meriasek) (1504), the earliest surviving manuscript in the Cornish language (Peniarth MS 105B). It is believed to have been completed in 1504 by Radolphus Ton, who was a canon during the final efflorescence of Cornish literature at Glasney College, Penryn. This play, which is set in Camborne, is a celebration of the life and work of St Meriasek that depicts the cultural links between Cornwall and Brittany. Beunans Meriasek was rediscovered by W. W. E. Wynne in the 1860s among the volumes from the Hengwrt Library that had been bequeathed to him in 1859. It is the most important extant Cornish manuscript.
Cywyddau and other poems, written in the hand of Lewys Glyn Cothi, comprise the manuscript Peniarth 109.
Esboniadau ar Gyfraith Hywel Dda (Peniarth MS 164), is a volume of commentaries on the Laws of Hywel Dda from the early 15th century.
Peniarth Manuscript 259B is a version of the Laws of Hywel Dda from the mid-16th century.
The Hengwrt Chaucer (c. 1400–1410), a folio volume of The Canterbury Tales, sometimes attributed to the scribe Adam Pinkhurst. One of the treasures of the National Library of Wales and by far the most important of the Peniarth Manuscripts in English (Peniarth MS 392D).
The 15th-century volume comprising Disticha Catonis, the Battles of Alexander the Great, and History of the Three Kings (Peniarth 481D), and the late 15th-century Vaux Passional (Peniarth 482), which was prepared for Henry VII, were acquired and deposited in the National Library by Gwendoline and Margaret Davies in 1921. These two fine illuminated manuscripts were retained by W. R. M. Wynne when he sold the Peniarth Manuscripts to Sir John Williams.
A bound volume containing books by Giovanni Battista Palatino and Ugo da Carpi, both notable Italian masters of the 16th century, which is assumed to have been owned by John Jones of Gellilyfdy (Peniarth MS 522).
Bede's De natura rerum (12th century), a copy of the scientific treatise in Latin that is believed to have been written in Wales. Contains decorative initials, including three that have a zoomorphic design similar to those found in Irish manuscripts from this time (Peniarth MS 540B).
Over forty manuscripts in the hand of John Jones of Gellilyfdy, embellished with initial capital letters and head- and tailpieces that demonstrate his calligraphic talent.
| null | null | null | null | 20 |
[
"National Library of Wales",
"owner of",
"Llansteffan Manuscripts"
] | null | null | null | null | 21 |
|
[
"National Library of Wales",
"owner of",
"Welsh Landscape Collection"
] | null | null | null | null | 22 |
|
[
"National Library of Wales",
"founded by",
"Sir John Williams, 1st Baronet, of the City of London"
] | null | null | null | null | 25 |
|
[
"National Library of Wales",
"owner of",
"The Sherbrooke Missal"
] | null | null | null | null | 27 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.