triplets
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stringlengths 0
32.9k
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stringlengths 4
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⌀ | synonyms
list | __index_level_1__
int64 312
64.1k
⌀ | __index_level_0__
int64 0
2.4k
⌀ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[
"Digital Equipment Corporation",
"owner of",
"DEC Hebrew"
] | null | null | null | null | 17 |
|
[
"Digital Equipment Corporation",
"followed by",
"HP Inc."
] | null | null | null | null | 18 |
|
[
"Digital Equipment Corporation",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Digital Equipment Corporation"
] | null | null | null | null | 20 |
|
[
"ZIS-110",
"followed by",
"ZIL-111"
] | null | null | null | null | 0 |
|
[
"ZIS-110",
"follows",
"ZIS-101"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"ZIS-115",
"followed by",
"ZIL-111"
] | null | null | null | null | 0 |
|
[
"ZIS-115",
"follows",
"ZIS-101"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"Eboracum",
"followed by",
"York"
] |
Eboracum (Classical Latin: [ɛbɔˈraːkʊ̃]) was a fort and later a city in the Roman province of Britannia. In its prime it was the largest town in northern Britain and a provincial capital. The site remained occupied after the decline of the Western Roman Empire and ultimately developed into the present-day city of York, in North Yorkshire, England.
Two Roman emperors died in Eboracum: Septimius Severus in 211 AD, and Constantius Chlorus in 306 AD.
| null | null | null | null | 5 |
[
"Prussian Secret Police",
"followed by",
"Gestapo"
] | null | null | null | null | 0 |
|
[
"Ojeong-gu",
"followed by",
"Bucheon"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"Ojeong-gu",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Ojeong-gu"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 |
|
[
"Hamilton Tigers (football)",
"followed by",
"Hamilton Tiger-Cats"
] |
The Hamilton Tigers were a Canadian football team based in Hamilton, Ontario that played in the Ontario Rugby Football Union from 1883 to 1906 and 1948 to 1949 and in the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union from 1907 to 1947. The club was a founding member of both the ORFU in 1883 and the IRFU in 1907. Throughout their history, the Tigers won five Grey Cup Championships and two Dominion Championships, including the 1908 title, the year before the Grey Cup was first awarded. After struggling to compete on a sound financial level with the Hamilton Wildcats, who had joined the ORFU in 1941 and later the IRFU, the two clubs merged in 1950 to form the Hamilton Tiger-Cats.
| null | null | null | null | 5 |
[
"Hamilton Wildcats",
"different from",
"Hamilton Wildcats"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"Hamilton Wildcats",
"followed by",
"Hamilton Tiger-Cats"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 |
|
[
"Advanced Video Coding",
"followed by",
"Recommendation H.265: High efficiency video coding"
] |
See also
VC-1, a standard designed by Microsoft and approved as a SMPTE standard in 2006
Comparison of H.264 and VC-1
Dirac (video compression format), a video coding design by BBC Research & Development, released in 2008
VP8, a video coding design by On2 Technologies (later purchased by Google), released in 2008
VP9, a video coding design by Google, released in 2013
High Efficiency Video Coding (ITU-T H.265 or ISO/IEC 23008-2), an ITU/ISO/IEC standard, released in 2013
AV1, a video coding design by the Alliance for Open Media, released in 2018
Versatile Video Coding (ITU-T H.266 or ISO/IEC 23091-3), an ITU/ISO/IEC standard, released in 2020
Internet Protocol television
Group of pictures
Intra-frame coding
Inter frame
Free encoder: http://www.h264encoder.com/
| null | null | null | null | 0 |
[
"Advanced Video Coding",
"followed by",
"High Efficiency Video Coding"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"Advanced Video Coding",
"different from",
"x264"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
|
[
"Advanced Video Coding",
"follows",
"H.263"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 |
|
[
"Southern Ireland (1921–1922)",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Southern Ireland"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"Southern Ireland (1921–1922)",
"followed by",
"Irish Free State"
] |
Southern Ireland (Irish: Deisceart Éireann) was the larger of the two parts of Ireland that were created when Ireland was partitioned by the Government of Ireland Act 1920. It comprised 26 of the 32 counties of Ireland or about five-sixths of the area of the island, whilst the remaining six counties in the northeast of the island formed Northern Ireland. Southern Ireland included County Donegal, despite it being the largest county in Ulster and the most northerly county on all of the island of Ireland.
The Act of 1920, which became effective on 3 May 1921, was intended to create two self-governing territories within Ireland, each with its own parliament and governmental institutions, and both remaining within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. It also contained provisions for co-operation between the two territories and for the eventual reunification of Ireland. However, in the 1921 elections for Southern Ireland's House of Commons, Sinn Féin candidates won 124 of the 128 seats (all candidates were unopposed and no actual polling occurred), and ignored the parliament, assembling instead as the Second Dáil. The Parliament of Southern Ireland—consisting of the four unionist members—met only once. Continuing unrest resulted in the Anglo-Irish Treaty and the Provisional Government, which administered Southern Ireland from 16 January 1922 to 5 December 1922: effectively a transitional administration for the period between the ratifying of the Anglo-Irish Treaty and the establishment of the Irish Free State. Its legitimacy was disputed by the Anti-Treaty delegates to Dáil Éireann.
Southern Ireland, as a political entity, was superseded by the Irish Free State on 6 December 1922 (which later became the fully independent state of Ireland from 1937 with the adoption of its own constitution).
| null | null | null | null | 11 |
[
"SMS Prinz Heinrich",
"followed by",
"Prinz Adalbert-class cruiser"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"Neue Künstlervereinigung München",
"founded by",
"Wassily Kandinsky"
] |
1st Exhibition: "Turnus 1909–1910"
The catalogue of the first N.K.V.M. exhibition lists 128 items by 16 artists: Paul Baum, Vladimir Georgievich Bekhteev, Erma Bossi, Dresler, Eckert, Erbslöh, Pierre Girieud, Karl Hofer, Jawlensky, Kandinsky, Kanoldt, Kogan, Alfreds Kubin, Münter, Pohle, Werefkin, and is accompanied by 14 reproductions and a list of prices.On view beginning on December 1, 1909, at the Moderne Galerie in Munich, this exhibition traveled to 9 venues:2nd Exhibition: "Turnus 1910–1911"
The catalogue of the second N.K.V.M. exhibition lists 115 items by 29 artists: Bechtejew, Bossi, Braque, Derain, Kees van Dongen, Durio, Erbslöh, Le Fauconnier, Girieud, Haller, Hoetger, Jawlensky, von Kahler, Kandinsky, Kanoldt, Kogan, Kubin, Alexander Mogilewski, Münter, Nieder, Picasso, Rouault, Scharff, de Vlaminck, Werefkin, David Burljuk, Wladimir Burljuk, Denissoff, Soudbinine, and is accompanied by 20 reproductions and 2 pages of advertisements.On view from September 1, 1910, at the Moderne Galerie in Munich, this exhibition visited 8 venues in:
| null | null | null | null | 3 |
[
"Neue Künstlervereinigung München",
"founded by",
"Alexander Kanoldt"
] |
1st Exhibition: "Turnus 1909–1910"
The catalogue of the first N.K.V.M. exhibition lists 128 items by 16 artists: Paul Baum, Vladimir Georgievich Bekhteev, Erma Bossi, Dresler, Eckert, Erbslöh, Pierre Girieud, Karl Hofer, Jawlensky, Kandinsky, Kanoldt, Kogan, Alfreds Kubin, Münter, Pohle, Werefkin, and is accompanied by 14 reproductions and a list of prices.On view beginning on December 1, 1909, at the Moderne Galerie in Munich, this exhibition traveled to 9 venues:
| null | null | null | null | 4 |
[
"Neue Künstlervereinigung München",
"followed by",
"The Blue Rider"
] |
The Neue Künstlervereinigung München (N.K.V.M.), ("New Artists' Association Munich") was an Expressionism art group based in Munich. The registered association was formed in 1909 and prefigured Der Blaue Reiter (The Blue Rider), the first modernist secession which is regarded as a forerunner and pathfinder for Modern art in 20th-century Germany.
| null | null | null | null | 5 |
[
"Neue Künstlervereinigung München",
"founded by",
"Gabriele Münter"
] |
1st Exhibition: "Turnus 1909–1910"
The catalogue of the first N.K.V.M. exhibition lists 128 items by 16 artists: Paul Baum, Vladimir Georgievich Bekhteev, Erma Bossi, Dresler, Eckert, Erbslöh, Pierre Girieud, Karl Hofer, Jawlensky, Kandinsky, Kanoldt, Kogan, Alfreds Kubin, Münter, Pohle, Werefkin, and is accompanied by 14 reproductions and a list of prices.On view beginning on December 1, 1909, at the Moderne Galerie in Munich, this exhibition traveled to 9 venues:
| null | null | null | null | 6 |
[
"Neue Künstlervereinigung München",
"founded by",
"Marianne von Werefkin"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 |
|
[
"Neue Künstlervereinigung München",
"founded by",
"Alexej von Jawlensky"
] |
1st Exhibition: "Turnus 1909–1910"
The catalogue of the first N.K.V.M. exhibition lists 128 items by 16 artists: Paul Baum, Vladimir Georgievich Bekhteev, Erma Bossi, Dresler, Eckert, Erbslöh, Pierre Girieud, Karl Hofer, Jawlensky, Kandinsky, Kanoldt, Kogan, Alfreds Kubin, Münter, Pohle, Werefkin, and is accompanied by 14 reproductions and a list of prices.On view beginning on December 1, 1909, at the Moderne Galerie in Munich, this exhibition traveled to 9 venues:
| null | null | null | null | 10 |
[
"Neue Künstlervereinigung München",
"founded by",
"Adolf Erbslöh"
] |
Historical background
The idea for the N.K.V.M.
The precursor to the N.K.V.M. was the "Brotherhood of St. Luke", which the Russian painter Marianne von Werefkin had gathered around her in 1897 in her adopted home of Munich in the district of Schwabing in her "pink salon". The members saw themselves as standing in the tradition of the Guild of Saint Luke. Already at that time, one planned "Manifestations, that is, Exhibitions".
The idea for the N.K.V.M. was also born in Werefkin's salon (before Christmas 1908). Apart from Werefkin, Alexej von Jawlensky, Adolf Erbslöh and the German entrepreneur, art collector, aviation pioneer and musician Oscar Wittenstein were involved in founding "the new artists' association". Gabriele Münter and Wassily Kandinsky were initially not informed of the project. This annoyed Kandinsky years later, which to a certain extent explains his hesitation when he was offered to take over the chairmanship of the N.K.V.M. in January 1909.1st Exhibition: "Turnus 1909–1910"
The catalogue of the first N.K.V.M. exhibition lists 128 items by 16 artists: Paul Baum, Vladimir Georgievich Bekhteev, Erma Bossi, Dresler, Eckert, Erbslöh, Pierre Girieud, Karl Hofer, Jawlensky, Kandinsky, Kanoldt, Kogan, Alfreds Kubin, Münter, Pohle, Werefkin, and is accompanied by 14 reproductions and a list of prices.On view beginning on December 1, 1909, at the Moderne Galerie in Munich, this exhibition traveled to 9 venues:
| null | null | null | null | 11 |
[
"Konica",
"followed by",
"Konica Minolta"
] |
Konica (コニカ, Konika) was a Japanese manufacturer of, among other products, film, film cameras, camera accessories, photographic and photo-processing equipment, photocopiers, fax machines and laser printers, founded in 1873. The company merged with Japanese peer Minolta in 2003, with the new company named Konica Minolta.
| null | null | null | null | 2 |
[
"Konica",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Konica"
] | null | null | null | null | 8 |
|
[
"Petit Flower",
"followed by",
"Flowers"
] |
Petit Flower (プチフラワー, Puchifurawā) was a Japanese shōjo manga magazine published by Shogakukan. Founded in 1980, the magazine ceased publication in March 2002, when it was replaced by the magazine Flowers.History
Shogakukan began publishing Petit Flower as a regular magazine in 1980, after the success of Flower Comic, a one-off special issue of the manga magazine Bessatsu Shōjo Comic. The magazine targeted a readership of girls in their late teens. The magazine was initially edited by Junya Yamamoto, who was also the editor of Bessatsu Shōjo Comic; consequently, the artists published in Petit Flower typically were given limited editorial support but a significant degree of editorial freedom.The magazine published works by several of Shogakukan's most notable female manga artists, such as Moto Hagio and Keiko Takemiya. It is credited with launching the careers of Reiko Okano and Keiko Nishi. Petit Flower folded in March 2002, and was replaced the following month with the magazine Flowers.
| null | null | null | null | 2 |
[
"ICD-9",
"followed by",
"International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10)"
] |
ICD-9-CM (United States)
The International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) was an adaptation created by the US National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) and used in assigning diagnostic and procedure codes associated with inpatient, outpatient, and physician office utilization in the United States. The ICD-9-CM is based on the ICD-9 but provides for additional morbidity detail. It was updated annually on October 1.It consists three volumes:
| null | null | null | null | 3 |
[
"Brazilian cruzeiro (1942–1967)",
"followed by",
"cruzeiro novo"
] |
The (first) cruzeiro (Cr$) was the official currency of Brazil from 1942 to 1967. It replaced the old real (pl. réis), which had been in use since colonial times, at the rate of Rs 1$000 = Cr$1, It was in turn replaced by the cruzeiro novo, at the rate of Cr$1,000 = NCr$1.The name cruzeiro was later reused for two other currencies, which were official in 1970–1986 (initially denominated as the cruzeiro novo to avoid confusion between new and old currency) and 1990–1993.
The cruzeiro was divided into 100 centavos, a convention that persisted through all subsequent Brazilian currencies, but in the first cruzeiro, values below Cr$0.10 were never issued because Rs 10 coins (equivalent to Cr$0.01) had not circulated since the end of the 19th century, and Rs 20 and Rs 50 coins (equivalent to Cr$0.02 and Cr$0.05 respectively) had not been issued since 1935.
Initially, the project, dating from the late 1920s, was that the amount to be converted into a cruzeiro would be Rs 10$000 (ten mil-réis) and that the new currency was linked to the gold standard, but this project was aborted and the cruzeiro was put into circulation at par with the value of Rs 1$000 (one mil-réis) without linked to the gold standard, which changed the situation by making coins below 10 centavos not exist in this monetary standard.
| null | null | null | null | 3 |
[
"Brazilian cruzeiro (1942–1967)",
"follows",
"Brazilian réis"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
|
[
"Azimabad",
"followed by",
"Patna"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"First Epistle to the Corinthians",
"followed by",
"Second Epistle to the Corinthians"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"First Epistle to the Corinthians",
"topic's main category",
"Category:First Epistle to the Corinthians"
] | null | null | null | null | 28 |
|
[
"École normale supérieure de jeunes filles",
"followed by",
"École Normale Supérieure"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"École normale supérieure de jeunes filles",
"topic's main category",
"Category:École normale supérieure de jeunes filles"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
|
[
"Shrovetide",
"followed by",
"Lent"
] |
Shrovetide, also known as the Pre-Lenten Season, is the Christian period of preparation before the beginning of the liturgical season of Lent.Shrovetide starts on Septuagesima Sunday, includes Sexagesima Sunday, Quinquagesima Sunday (commonly called Shrove Sunday), as well as Shrove Monday, and culminates on Shrove Tuesday, also known as Mardi Gras.Significance
During the season of Shrovetide, it is customary for Christians to ponder what Lenten sacrifices they will make for Lent. Another hallmark of Shrovetide is the opportunity for a last round of merrymaking associated with Carnival and Fastelavn before the start of the somber Lenten season; the traditions of carrying Shrovetide rods and consuming Shrovetide buns after attending church are celebrated.On the final day of the season, Shrove Tuesday, many traditional Christians, such as Lutherans, Anglicans, Methodists and Roman Catholics, "make a special point of self-examination, of considering what wrongs they need to repent, and what amendments of life or areas of spiritual growth they especially need to ask God's help in dealing with." During Shrovetide, many churches place a basket in the narthex to collect the previous year's Holy Week palm branches that were blessed and distributed during the Palm Sunday liturgies. On Shrove Tuesday, churches burn these palms to make the ashes used during the services held on the very next day, Ash Wednesday.
| null | null | null | null | 1 |
[
"VisualAge",
"has use",
"software development"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"VisualAge",
"followed by",
"Eclipse"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"Mountaineering",
"followed by",
"BASE jumping"
] | null | null | null | null | 0 |
|
[
"Mountaineering",
"followed by",
"extreme skiing"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 |
|
[
"Mountaineering",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Mountaineering"
] | null | null | null | null | 12 |
|
[
"Control theory",
"followed by",
"cybernetics"
] | null | null | null | null | 0 |
|
[
"Control theory",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Control theory"
] | null | null | null | null | 8 |
|
[
"German cruiser Emden",
"followed by",
"Königsberg-class cruiser"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
|
[
"German cruiser Emden",
"significant event",
"ship breaking"
] | null | null | null | null | 20 |
|
[
"German cruiser Emden",
"significant event",
"order"
] | null | null | null | null | 21 |
|
[
"German cruiser Emden",
"significant event",
"ship launching"
] | null | null | null | null | 27 |
|
[
"German cruiser Emden",
"significant event",
"shipwrecking"
] | null | null | null | null | 28 |
|
[
"German cruiser Emden",
"follows",
"German FK cruiser design"
] | null | null | null | null | 30 |
|
[
"German cruiser Emden",
"significant event",
"ship commissioning"
] | null | null | null | null | 33 |
|
[
"German cruiser Emden",
"significant event",
"keel laying"
] | null | null | null | null | 34 |
|
[
"Vologda Viceroyalty",
"followed by",
"Vologda Governorate"
] |
Vologda Viceroyalty (Russian: Волого́дское наме́стничество) was an administrative division (a namestnichestvo) of the Russian Empire, which existed in 1780–1796. The seat of the Viceroyalty was located in Vologda.
The viceroyalty was established by a decree (ukase) of Catherine II on February 5 [O.S. January 25], 1780. It was subdivided into three oblasts: Vologda, Veliky Ustyug, and Arkhangelsk. The predecessor of Vologda Viceroyalty was Archangelgorod Governorate with the seat in Arkhangelsk.
As with most of other governorates and viceroyalties established in the 1770s–1780s, the establishment of Vologda Viceroyalty was a part of the reform attempting to have a tighter control of local matters by the Russian autocracy. The reform, in turn, was facilitated by the Pugachev's Rebellion of 1774–1775.On March 26, 1784 Arkhangelsk Oblast was split off and established as Arkhangelsk Viceroyalty.Between 1784 and 1796, Vologda Viceroyalty bordered Arkhangelsk Viceroyalty in the north, Tobolsk Viceroyalty in the northeast, Perm Viceroyalty in the east, Vyatka Viceroyalty in the southeast, Kostroma and Yaroslavl Viceroyalties in the south, Novgorod Viceroyalty in the southwest, and Olonets Viceroyalty in the west. In terms of the modern political division of Russia, Vologda Viceroyalty in this period comprised the areas of what is currently the greater part of Vologda Oblast, as well as parts of the Komi Republic, Kostroma, Kirov, and Nizhny Novgorod Oblasts.
The viceroyalty was abolished by Paul I's decree on December 23 [O.S. December 12], 1796. On the territory of the viceroyalty (Vologda and Veliky Ustyug Oblasts) Vologda Governorate was established.
| null | null | null | null | 3 |
[
"Vologda Viceroyalty",
"replaces",
"Archangelgorod Governorate"
] |
Vologda Viceroyalty (Russian: Волого́дское наме́стничество) was an administrative division (a namestnichestvo) of the Russian Empire, which existed in 1780–1796. The seat of the Viceroyalty was located in Vologda.
The viceroyalty was established by a decree (ukase) of Catherine II on February 5 [O.S. January 25], 1780. It was subdivided into three oblasts: Vologda, Veliky Ustyug, and Arkhangelsk. The predecessor of Vologda Viceroyalty was Archangelgorod Governorate with the seat in Arkhangelsk.
As with most of other governorates and viceroyalties established in the 1770s–1780s, the establishment of Vologda Viceroyalty was a part of the reform attempting to have a tighter control of local matters by the Russian autocracy. The reform, in turn, was facilitated by the Pugachev's Rebellion of 1774–1775.On March 26, 1784 Arkhangelsk Oblast was split off and established as Arkhangelsk Viceroyalty.Between 1784 and 1796, Vologda Viceroyalty bordered Arkhangelsk Viceroyalty in the north, Tobolsk Viceroyalty in the northeast, Perm Viceroyalty in the east, Vyatka Viceroyalty in the southeast, Kostroma and Yaroslavl Viceroyalties in the south, Novgorod Viceroyalty in the southwest, and Olonets Viceroyalty in the west. In terms of the modern political division of Russia, Vologda Viceroyalty in this period comprised the areas of what is currently the greater part of Vologda Oblast, as well as parts of the Komi Republic, Kostroma, Kirov, and Nizhny Novgorod Oblasts.
The viceroyalty was abolished by Paul I's decree on December 23 [O.S. December 12], 1796. On the territory of the viceroyalty (Vologda and Veliky Ustyug Oblasts) Vologda Governorate was established.
| null | null | null | null | 5 |
[
"Vologda Viceroyalty",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Vologda Viceroyalty"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 |
|
[
"Grand-Am Road Racing",
"followed by",
"International Motor Sports Association"
] |
Grand-Am Road Racing or Grand-Am was an auto racing sanctioning body that was established in 1999 to organize road racing competitions in North America. Its primary focus was the Rolex Sports Car Series, an endurance racing championship series. It sanctioned five auto racing series. The series announced in September 2012 that it would be merging with the American Le Mans Series, which had been Grand-Am's main US competitor since its inception. The two series fully merged in 2014 under the banner of the TUDOR United SportsCar Championship, with the International Motor Sports Association.
| null | null | null | null | 1 |
[
"Grand-Am Road Racing",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Grand-Am"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"Richelieu Lyceum",
"followed by",
"Odesa University"
] |
The Richelieu Lyceum (Russian: Ришельевский лицей) in Odesa, the Russian Empire, was a lyceum created on the initiative of the mayor of the city and the governor of New Russia, the Armand-Emmanuel de Vignerot du Plessis, duc de Richelieu.It existed from 1817 to 1865, when it became the basis of Odesa University.The Lyceum prepares personnel for the Balkans under a previous Greek Project and reflects Russia's conservative view of establishing a "new order" in the Balkans after the Congress of Vienna (see Eastern question).
The Lyceum graduates include Spiridon Palauzov (who introduced the concept of the Golden Age of medieval Bulgarian culture); Nikolay Palauzov (first trustee and co-sponsor of Aprilov National High School); Nayden Gerov (initiator of the first celebration of the Day Of Slavonic Alphabet, Bulgarian Enlightenment and Culture); Constantine Paparrigopoulos - the father of modern Greek historiography.During the academic year 1855/1856, i. at the end of the Crimean War, Dmitri Mendeleev taught in the Lyceum.
| null | null | null | null | 6 |
[
"Richelieu Lyceum",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Richelieu Liceum"
] | null | null | null | null | 8 |
|
[
"2006 Polish local elections",
"follows",
"2010 Polish local elections"
] | null | null | null | null | 0 |
|
[
"2006 Polish local elections",
"followed by",
"2010 Polish local elections"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"Vascones",
"followed by",
"Basque people"
] |
The Vascones were a pre-Roman tribe who, on the arrival of the Romans in the 1st century, inhabited a territory that spanned between the upper course of the Ebro river and the southern basin of the western Pyrenees, a region that coincides with present-day Navarre, western Aragon and northeastern La Rioja, in the Iberian Peninsula. The Vascones are often considered ancestors of the present-day Basques to whom they left their name.
| null | null | null | null | 4 |
[
"Vascones",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Vascones"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 |
|
[
"White Tiger (mythology)",
"followed by",
"Black Tortoise"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"White Tiger (mythology)",
"follows",
"Zhuque"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 |
|
[
"Embryo",
"followed by",
"larva"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"Embryo",
"follows",
"zygote"
] |
An embryo is an initial stage of development of a multicellular organism. In organisms that reproduce sexually, embryonic development is the part of the life cycle that begins just after fertilization of the female egg cell by the male sperm cell. The resulting fusion of these two cells produces a single-celled zygote that undergoes many cell divisions that produce cells known as blastomeres. The blastomeres are arranged as a solid ball that when reaching a certain size, called a morula, takes in fluid to create a cavity called a blastocoel. The structure is then termed a blastula, or a blastocyst in mammals.
The mammalian blastocyst hatches before implantating into the endometrial lining of the womb. Once implanted the embryo will continue its development through the next stages of gastrulation, neurulation, and organogenesis. Gastrulation is the formation of the three germ layers that will form all of the different parts of the body. Neurulation forms the nervous system, and organogenesis is the development of all the various tissues and organs of the body.
A newly developing human is typically referred to as an embryo until the ninth week after conception, when it is then referred to as a fetus. In other multicellular organisms, the word "embryo" can be used more broadly to any early developmental or life cycle stage prior to birth or hatching.Plant embryos
Flowering plants (angiosperms) create embryos after the fertilization of a haploid ovule by pollen. The DNA from the ovule and pollen combine to form a diploid, single-cell zygote that will develop into an embryo. The zygote, which will divide multiple times as it progresses throughout embryonic development, is one part of a seed. Other seed components include the endosperm, which is tissue rich in nutrients that will help support the growing plant embryo, and the seed coat, which is a protective outer covering. The first cell division of a zygote is asymmetric, resulting in an embryo with one small cell (the apical cell) and one large cell (the basal cell). The small, apical cell will eventually give rise to most of the structures of the mature plant, such as the stem, leaves, and roots. The larger basal cell will give rise to the suspensor, which connects the embryo to the endosperm so that nutrients can pass between them. The plant embryo cells continue to divide and progress through developmental stages named for their general appearance: globular, heart, and torpedo. In the globular stage, three basic tissue types (dermal, ground, and vascular) can be recognized. The dermal tissue will give rise to the epidermis or outer covering of a plant, ground tissue will give rise to inner plant material that functions in photosynthesis, resource storage, and physical support, and vascular tissue will give rise to connective tissue like the xylem and phloem that transport fluid, nutrients, and minerals throughout the plant. In heart stage, one or two cotyledons (embryonic leaves) will form. Meristems (centers of stem cell activity) develop during the torpedo stage, and will eventually produce many of the mature tissues of the adult plant throughout its life. At the end of embryonic growth, the seed will usually go dormant until germination. Once the embryo begins to germinate (grow out from the seed) and forms its first true leaf, it is called a seedling or plantlet.Plants that produce spores instead of seeds, like bryophytes and ferns, also produce embryos. In these plants, the embryo begins its existence attached to the inside of the archegonium on a parental gametophyte from which the egg cell was generated. The inner wall of the archegonium lies in close contact with the "foot" of the developing embryo; this "foot" consists of a bulbous mass of cells at the base of the embryo which may receive nutrition from its parent gametophyte. The structure and development of the rest of the embryo varies by group of plants.Since all land plants create embryos, they are collectively referred to as embryophytes (or by their scientific name, Embryophyta). This, along with other characteristics, distinguishes land plants from other types of plants, such as algae, which do not produce embryos.
| null | null | null | null | 3 |
[
"Embryo",
"followed by",
"sporophyte"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 |
|
[
"Embryo",
"followed by",
"juvenile fish"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 |
|
[
"Embryo",
"followed by",
"fetus"
] |
An embryo is an initial stage of development of a multicellular organism. In organisms that reproduce sexually, embryonic development is the part of the life cycle that begins just after fertilization of the female egg cell by the male sperm cell. The resulting fusion of these two cells produces a single-celled zygote that undergoes many cell divisions that produce cells known as blastomeres. The blastomeres are arranged as a solid ball that when reaching a certain size, called a morula, takes in fluid to create a cavity called a blastocoel. The structure is then termed a blastula, or a blastocyst in mammals.
The mammalian blastocyst hatches before implantating into the endometrial lining of the womb. Once implanted the embryo will continue its development through the next stages of gastrulation, neurulation, and organogenesis. Gastrulation is the formation of the three germ layers that will form all of the different parts of the body. Neurulation forms the nervous system, and organogenesis is the development of all the various tissues and organs of the body.
A newly developing human is typically referred to as an embryo until the ninth week after conception, when it is then referred to as a fetus. In other multicellular organisms, the word "embryo" can be used more broadly to any early developmental or life cycle stage prior to birth or hatching.
| null | null | null | null | 8 |
[
"Embryo",
"different from",
"human embryo"
] | null | null | null | null | 12 |
|
[
"Embryo",
"different from",
"mammalian embryo"
] | null | null | null | null | 13 |
|
[
"Embryo",
"different from",
"animal embryo"
] | null | null | null | null | 15 |
|
[
"Embryo",
"different from",
"germ"
] | null | null | null | null | 18 |
|
[
"Panzer II",
"follows",
"Panzer I"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 |
|
[
"Panzer II",
"followed by",
"Panzer III"
] |
The Panzer II is the common name used for a family of German tanks used in World War II. The official German designation was Panzerkampfwagen II (abbreviated PzKpfw II).Although the vehicle had originally been designed as a stopgap while larger, more advanced tanks were developed, it nonetheless went on to play an important role in the early years of World War II, during the Polish and French campaigns. The Panzer II was the most numerous tank in the German Panzer divisions at the beginning of the war. It was used both in North Africa against the Western Allies and on the Eastern Front against the Soviet Union.
The Panzer II was supplanted by the Panzer III and IV medium tanks by 1940/1941. By the end of 1942, it had been largely removed from front line service and it was used for training and on secondary fronts. The turrets of the then-obsolete Panzer Is and Panzer IIs were reused as gun turrets on specially built defensive bunkers, particularly on the Atlantic Wall. Production of the tank itself ceased by January 1944, but its chassis remained in use as the basis of several other armoured vehicles, chiefly self-propelled artillery and tank destroyers such as the Wespe and Marder II respectively.
| null | null | null | null | 4 |
[
"Panzer II",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Panzerkampfwagen II"
] | null | null | null | null | 10 |
|
[
"Reichswehr",
"followed by",
"Wehrmacht"
] |
Reichswehr (lit. 'Reich Defense') was the official name of the German armed forces during the Weimar Republic and the first years of the Third Reich. After Germany was defeated in World War I, the Imperial German Army (Deutsches Heer) was dissolved in order to be reshaped into a peacetime army. From it a provisional Reichswehr was formed in March 1919. Under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, the rebuilt German army was subject to severe limitations in size, structure and armament. The official formation of the Reichswehr took place on 1 January 1921 after the limitations had been met. The German armed forces kept the name 'Reichswehr' until Adolf Hitler's 1935 proclamation of the "restoration of military sovereignty", at which point it became part of the new Wehrmacht.
Although ostensibly apolitical, the Reichswehr acted as a state within a state, and its leadership was an important political power factor in the Weimar Republic. The Reichswehr sometimes supported the democratic government, as it did in the Ebert-Groener Pact when it pledged its loyalty to the Republic, and sometimes backed anti-democratic forces through such means as the Black Reichswehr, the illegal paramilitary groups it sponsored in contravention of the Versailles Treaty. The Reichswehr saw itself as a cadre army that would preserve the expertise of the old imperial military and form the basis for German rearmament.
| null | null | null | null | 3 |
[
"Reichswehr",
"follows",
"Imperial German Army"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 |
|
[
"Reichswehr",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Reichswehr"
] | null | null | null | null | 10 |
|
[
"Gaul",
"followed by",
"Francia"
] | null | null | null | null | 9 |
|
[
"Gaul",
"different from",
"Gauls"
] | null | null | null | null | 11 |
|
[
"Gaul",
"different from",
"Transalpine Gaul"
] | null | null | null | null | 14 |
|
[
"Gaul",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Gaul"
] | null | null | null | null | 15 |
|
[
"1462 Zamenhof",
"significant event",
"naming"
] | null | null | null | null | 0 |
|
[
"1462 Zamenhof",
"follows",
"1461 Jean-Jacques"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 |
|
[
"1462 Zamenhof",
"followed by",
"1463 Nordenmarkia"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 |
|
[
"4015 Wilson–Harrington",
"significant event",
"naming"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 |
|
[
"4015 Wilson–Harrington",
"follows",
"4014 Heizman"
] | null | null | null | null | 8 |
|
[
"4015 Wilson–Harrington",
"followed by",
"4016 Sambre"
] | null | null | null | null | 9 |
|
[
"First Epistle of Peter",
"followed by",
"Second Epistle of Peter"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
|
[
"First Epistle of Peter",
"topic's main category",
"Category:First Epistle of Peter"
] | null | null | null | null | 12 |
|
[
"Second Epistle of John",
"follows",
"First Epistle of John"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 |
|
[
"Second Epistle of John",
"followed by",
"Third Epistle of John"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
|
[
"Second Epistle of John",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Second Epistle of John"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 |
|
[
"INTA-255",
"followed by",
"INTA-300"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 |
|
[
"Air Charter International",
"followed by",
"Air France"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 |
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