pubid
int32 113k
27.9M
| question
stringlengths 17
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| context
dict | long_answer
stringlengths 1
3.34k
| final_decision
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listlengths 2
2
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
26,859,022 |
Do cOAGULATION FACTORS LEVEL IN FRESH FROZEN PLASMA IN RWANDA?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Objectives: To determine the level of coagulation factors and inherited inhibitors in Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) and to evaluate Prothrombin Time and activated partial thrombin time in fresh frozen plasma.",
"Cross-sectional study.",
"Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology in Medical Laboratory Sciences.",
"Eighteen blood bags collected from voluntary blood donors.",
"Coagulation factors and inhibitors levels, Prothrombin Time (PT) and Activated Partial thrombin Time (APTT) remained within the reference range requested by quality assurance regulations after three months of storage.",
"APTT and PT show an increase from baseline to one month then remain constant up to three months, while, Fibrinogen, Factor II, Factor V, Factor VII, Factor X, Von Willbrand Factor, Protein C and Antithrombin decreased from baseline up to three months and then Factor VIII, Factor IX, Factor XI, Factor XII and Protein S, remained constant from baseline up to one month and decreased up to three months."
],
"labels": [
"UNLABELLED",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Blood Coagulation Factors",
"Blood Specimen Collection",
"Cross-Sectional Studies",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Partial Thromboplastin Time",
"Plasma",
"Prothrombin Time",
"Rwanda",
"Time Factors"
]
}
|
There is good retention of all coagulation factors and inhibitors in plasma produced from whole blood within eight hours of collection, stored at minus 18 degrees C for three months.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do cOAGULATION FACTORS LEVEL IN FRESH FROZEN PLASMA IN RWANDA?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Objectives: To determine the level of coagulation factors and inherited inhibitors in Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) and to evaluate Prothrombin Time and activated partial thrombin time in fresh frozen plasma.', 'Cross-sectional study.', 'Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology in Medical Laboratory Sciences.', 'Eighteen blood bags collected from voluntary blood donors.', 'Coagulation factors and inhibitors levels, Prothrombin Time (PT) and Activated Partial thrombin Time (APTT) remained within the reference range requested by quality assurance regulations after three months of storage.', 'APTT and PT show an increase from baseline to one month then remain constant up to three months, while, Fibrinogen, Factor II, Factor V, Factor VII, Factor X, Von Willbrand Factor, Protein C and Antithrombin decreased from baseline up to three months and then Factor VIII, Factor IX, Factor XI, Factor XII and Protein S, remained constant from baseline up to one month and decreased up to three months.'], 'labels': ['UNLABELLED', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Blood Coagulation Factors', 'Blood Specimen Collection', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Partial Thromboplastin Time', 'Plasma', 'Prothrombin Time', 'Rwanda', 'Time Factors']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,866,381 |
Does a Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism of miR-196a2T > C rs11614913 be Associated with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Chinese Population?
|
{
"contexts": [
"We investigated the miR-196a2T>C rs11614913 variant in the initiation and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).",
"A case-control research model was conducted and the genotypes of 109 HCC patients and 105 healthy controls were identified by direct sequencing. The correlation between the rs11614913 genotypes and the susceptibility to HCC was evaluated using an unconditional logistic regression model.",
"We found that 20/109 (18.3%) patients were TT homozygote, whereas 64/109 (58.8%) patients had the CT genotype, and 25/109 (22.9%) patients had the CC genotype. In control samples, the frequency of the TT homozygote was 33.3%, that of CT was 49.5%, and that of CC was 17.1%. After adjusting for age and gender by logistic regression analysis, we found significant differences in susceptibility to HCC by genotype (TT vs. CT+CC: OR = 2.52, 95%CI = 1.18-4.19; p < 0.05). The CT and CC genotypes were more common in HCC patients compared to controls. Moreover, the CT+CC genotypes were associated with a poor HCC prognosis."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Asian Continental Ancestry Group",
"Carcinoma, Hepatocellular",
"Case-Control Studies",
"Female",
"Genetic Predisposition to Disease",
"Genotype",
"Humans",
"Liver Neoplasms",
"Male",
"MicroRNAs",
"Middle Aged",
"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide",
"Prognosis",
"Risk Factors"
]
}
|
In this study, we found that the CT+CC genotypes of rs11614913 were significantly associated with an increased risk and poor prognosis for HCC in the Chinese population.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does a Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism of miR-196a2T > C rs11614913 be Associated with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Chinese Population?\nContext: {'contexts': ['We investigated the miR-196a2T>C rs11614913 variant in the initiation and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).', 'A case-control research model was conducted and the genotypes of 109 HCC patients and 105 healthy controls were identified by direct sequencing. The correlation between the rs11614913 genotypes and the susceptibility to HCC was evaluated using an unconditional logistic regression model.', 'We found that 20/109 (18.3%) patients were TT homozygote, whereas 64/109 (58.8%) patients had the CT genotype, and 25/109 (22.9%) patients had the CC genotype. In control samples, the frequency of the TT homozygote was 33.3%, that of CT was 49.5%, and that of CC was 17.1%. After adjusting for age and gender by logistic regression analysis, we found significant differences in susceptibility to HCC by genotype (TT vs. CT+CC: OR\\u2009=\\u20092.52, 95%CI\\u2009=\\u20091.18-4.19; p\\u2009<\\u20090.05). The CT and CC genotypes were more common in HCC patients compared to controls. Moreover, the CT+CC genotypes were associated with a poor HCC prognosis.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'MicroRNAs', 'Middle Aged', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Prognosis', 'Risk Factors']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,870,105 |
Do reconstruction of post burn scalp alopecia by using expanded hair-bearing scalp flaps?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Tissue expansion is a time-tested and frequently used procedure for utilizing local tissue to replace large defects. We aimed to assess the success & complications of tissue expansion in correction of post burn scalp alopecia.",
"In this study, 30 patients of scalp burn alopecia of 5 to 35 years age group were treated with tissue expansion of the scalp at Bahawal-Victoria Hospital from January 2013 to December 2014. The area of the scalp loss was within 1/5 to 2/5. Our technique employed an insertion site distal to the area needed to be expanded, attempting to minimize complication like extrusion & wound dehiscence. The patients were followed-up weekly during first month and then fortnightly for next four months.",
"Our study involved 8 male (26.67%) and 22 female subjects (73.33%) with a mean age of 21years. Flame burn accounted for the mostly 53.3% (n=16) of scalp burns & parieto-temporal region was most commonly affected in 33.4% (n=10) of subjects. Desired aesthetic results were achieved in all the patients without any major complication. Minor complication included mild infection in 8 (26.67%), seroma in 4 (13.33%) & wound dehiscence in 2 (6.67%) patients."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
}
|
Tissue expansion is a simple, safe, & efficient technique for aesthetic scalp reconstruction. With a simple modification of distal incision and tunneling, we succeeded in minimizing complications. Versatile design of the expanded scalp flap can distribute the expanded hair-bearing scalp properly in the reconstructed recipient site.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do reconstruction of post burn scalp alopecia by using expanded hair-bearing scalp flaps?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Tissue expansion is a time-tested and frequently used procedure for utilizing local tissue to replace large defects. We aimed to assess the success & complications of tissue expansion in correction of post burn scalp alopecia.', 'In this study, 30 patients of scalp burn alopecia of 5 to 35 years age group were treated with tissue expansion of the scalp at Bahawal-Victoria Hospital from January 2013 to December 2014. The area of the scalp loss was within 1/5 to 2/5. Our technique employed an insertion site distal to the area needed to be expanded, attempting to minimize complication like extrusion & wound dehiscence. The patients were followed-up weekly during first month and then fortnightly for next four months.', 'Our study involved 8 male (26.67%) and 22 female subjects (73.33%) with a mean age of 21years. Flame burn accounted for the mostly 53.3% (n=16) of scalp burns & parieto-temporal region was most commonly affected in 33.4% (n=10) of subjects. Desired aesthetic results were achieved in all the patients without any major complication. Minor complication included mild infection in 8 (26.67%), seroma in 4 (13.33%) & wound dehiscence in 2 (6.67%) patients.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,868,958 |
Is down-Regulation of microRNA-132 Associated with Poor Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Given the role of microRNA in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, we explored the association between microRNA (miRNA) expression and CRC-related prognosis.",
"Three types of tissue samples (primary CRC lesions without liver metastasis, primary lesions with liver metastasis, and liver metastatic tissues) were used for miRNA profiling to identify differentially expressed miRNA. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to examine miRNA expression in CRC cells and in tumor tissues.",
"MiR-132 was significantly down-regulated in primary CRC tissues with liver metastasis and liver metastatic lesions compared to primary lesions without liver metastasis. Multivariate analysis for overall survival indicated that low miR-132 expression was an independent prognostic factor for CRC patients (overall survival P = 0.040, disease-free survival P = 0.015). Ectopic expression of miR-132 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and cell invasion. The luciferase reporter assay revealed that anoctamin 1 (ANO1) was a direct target of miR-132. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that high ANO1 expression was a significant prognostic factor for overall survival of patients with CRC (P = 0.0344)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"3' Untranslated Regions",
"Anoctamin-1",
"Cell Movement",
"Cell Proliferation",
"Colorectal Neoplasms",
"Disease-Free Survival",
"Down-Regulation",
"Female",
"HCT116 Cells",
"Humans",
"Liver Neoplasms",
"Male",
"MicroRNAs",
"Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis",
"Survival Rate",
"Transfection"
]
}
|
Down-regulation of miR-132 is associated with poor prognosis in CRC. ANO1 could be one of the crucial targets of miR-132 in CRC.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is down-Regulation of microRNA-132 Associated with Poor Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Given the role of microRNA in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, we explored the association between microRNA (miRNA) expression and CRC-related prognosis.', 'Three types of tissue samples (primary CRC lesions without liver metastasis, primary lesions with liver metastasis, and liver metastatic tissues) were used for miRNA profiling to identify differentially expressed miRNA. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to examine miRNA expression in CRC cells and in tumor tissues.', 'MiR-132 was significantly down-regulated in primary CRC tissues with liver metastasis and liver metastatic lesions compared to primary lesions without liver metastasis. Multivariate analysis for overall survival indicated that low miR-132 expression was an independent prognostic factor for CRC patients (overall survival P\\xa0=\\xa00.040, disease-free survival P\\xa0=\\xa00.015). Ectopic expression of miR-132 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and cell invasion. The luciferase reporter assay revealed that anoctamin 1 (ANO1) was a direct target of miR-132. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that high ANO1 expression was a significant prognostic factor for overall survival of patients with CRC (P\\xa0=\\xa00.0344).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': [\"3' Untranslated Regions\", 'Anoctamin-1', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Down-Regulation', 'Female', 'HCT116 Cells', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'MicroRNAs', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'Survival Rate', 'Transfection']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,874,907 |
Is neck circumference associated with carotid intimal-media thickness but not with coronary artery calcium : Results from The ELSA-Brasil?
|
{
"contexts": [
"It is uncertain whether neck circumference can be a risk indicator for subclinical atherosclerosis. We aimed to investigate their relationships measured by coronary artery calcium (CAC) and common carotid intima-media thickness (cc-IMT) with neck circumference in ELSA-Brasil.",
"In cross-sectional and sex-specific analyses of 2266 women (50.6 ± 8.4 yrs) and 1886 men (50.7 ± 9.0 yrs) with both cc-IMT and CAC, free from previous cardiovascular disease at baseline, we built logistic models using diverse cut-off points for CAC score (0 vs > 0, < 100 vs ≥ 100, < 400 vs ≥ 400 Agatston units) and cc-IMT (< 75 th percentile vs ≥ 75 th; <90th percentile vs ≥ 90 th) as dependent variables, after which adjustments for age and traditional cardiovascular risk factors were made. Mean neck circumference was 33.6 (± 2.4 cm) for women and 38.8 (± 2.6 cm) for men. In fully adjusted models including sociodemographic, cardiovascular risk factors and body-mass index and waist circumference, for each 1 standard deviation increase in neck circumference we found an odds ratio (OR, 95% CI) for IMT above the 75th percentile of (1.52, 1.16; 1.99) for women and (1.66, 1.28; 2.14) for men, and above the 90th cc-IMT percentile [1.66 (1.19; 2.32) for men but not for women [1.21 (0.80; 1.82)]. We found no association between neck circumference and CAC using different cut-off points (p > 0.05 for all)."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Body Mass Index",
"Brazil",
"Calcinosis",
"Calcium",
"Cardiovascular Diseases",
"Carotid Intima-Media Thickness",
"Cholesterol, HDL",
"Cholesterol, LDL",
"Coronary Vessels",
"Cross-Sectional Studies",
"Exercise",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Logistic Models",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Neck",
"Prospective Studies",
"Risk Factors",
"Socioeconomic Factors",
"Triglycerides",
"Waist Circumference"
]
}
|
Neck circumference was significantly and independently associated with cc-IMT but not with CAC in women and men, indicating a possible effect of perivascular fat tissue on atherosclerosis.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is neck circumference associated with carotid intimal-media thickness but not with coronary artery calcium : Results from The ELSA-Brasil?\nContext: {'contexts': ['It is uncertain whether neck circumference can be a risk indicator for subclinical atherosclerosis. We aimed to investigate their relationships measured by coronary artery calcium (CAC) and common carotid intima-media thickness (cc-IMT) with neck circumference in ELSA-Brasil.', 'In cross-sectional and sex-specific analyses of 2266 women (50.6 ± 8.4 yrs) and 1886 men (50.7 ± 9.0 yrs) with both cc-IMT and CAC, free from previous cardiovascular disease at baseline, we built logistic models using diverse cut-off points for CAC score (0 vs > 0, < 100 vs ≥ 100, < 400 vs ≥ 400 Agatston units) and cc-IMT (< 75 th percentile vs ≥ 75 th; <90th percentile vs ≥ 90 th) as dependent variables, after which adjustments for age and traditional cardiovascular risk factors were made. Mean neck circumference was 33.6 (± 2.4 cm) for women and 38.8 (± 2.6 cm) for men. In fully adjusted models including sociodemographic, cardiovascular risk factors and body-mass index and waist circumference, for each 1 standard deviation increase in neck circumference we found an odds ratio (OR, 95% CI) for IMT above the 75th percentile of (1.52, 1.16; 1.99) for women and (1.66, 1.28; 2.14) for men, and above the 90th cc-IMT percentile [1.66 (1.19; 2.32) for men but not for women [1.21 (0.80; 1.82)]. We found no association between neck circumference and CAC using different cut-off points (p > 0.05 for all).'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged', 'Body Mass Index', 'Brazil', 'Calcinosis', 'Calcium', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Carotid Intima-Media Thickness', 'Cholesterol, HDL', 'Cholesterol, LDL', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Exercise', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neck', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Triglycerides', 'Waist Circumference']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,874,859 |
Does select Bcl-2 antagonism restore chemotherapy sensitivity in high-risk neuroblastoma?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Pediatric patients with high-risk neuroblastoma (HR NB) often fail to respond to upfront intensive multimodal therapy. Tumor-acquired suppression of apoptosis contributes to therapy resistance. Many HR NB tumors depend on the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 for survival, through Bcl-2 sequestration and inhibition of the pro-apoptotic protein, Bim. Bcl-2 dependent xenografts derived from aggressive human NB tumors are cured with a combination of cyclophosphamide and ABT-737, a Bcl-2/Bcl-XL/Bcl-w small molecule antagonist. The oral analogue to ABT-737, Navitoclax (ABT-263), clinically causes an immediate drop in peripheral platelet counts as mature platelets depend on Bcl-xL for survival. This led to the creation of a Bcl-2 selective inhibitor, ABT-199 (Venetoclax). A Phase I trial of ABT-199 in CLL showed remarkable antitumor activity and stable patient platelet counts. Given Bcl-XL does not play a role in HR NB survival, we hypothesized that ABT-199 would be equally potent against HR NB.",
"Cytotoxicity and apoptosis were measured in human derived NB cell lines exposed to ABT-199 combinations. Co-Immunoprecipitation evaluated Bim displacement from Bcl-2, following ABT-199. Murine xenografts of NB cell lines were grown and then exposed to a 14-day course of ABT-199 alone and with cyclophosphamide.",
"Bcl-2 dependent NB cell lines are exquisitely sensitive to ABT-199 (IC50 1.5-5 nM) in vitro, where Mcl-1 dependent NBs are completely resistant. Treatment with ABT-199 displaces Bim from Bcl-2 in NB to activate caspase 3, confirming the restoration of mitochondrial apoptosis. Murine xenografts of Mcl-1 and Bcl-2 dependent NBs were treated with a two-week course of ABT-199, cyclophosphamide, or ABT-199/cyclophosphamide combination. Mcl-1 dependent tumors did not respond to ABT-199 alone and showed no significant difference in time to tumor progression between chemotherapy alone or ABT-199/cyclophosphamide combination. In contrast, Bcl-2 dependent xenografts responded to ABT-199 alone and had sustained complete remission (CR) to the ABT-199/cyclophosphamide combination, with one recurrent tumor maintaining Bcl-2 dependence and obtaining a second CR after a second course of therapy."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Aniline Compounds",
"Apoptosis",
"Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins",
"Bcl-2-Like Protein 11",
"Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic",
"Caspase 3",
"Cell Line, Tumor",
"Cyclophosphamide",
"Drug Resistance, Neoplasm",
"Humans",
"Membrane Proteins",
"Neuroblastoma",
"Platelet Count",
"Proto-Oncogene Proteins",
"Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2",
"Risk Assessment",
"Sulfonamides",
"Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays",
"bcl-X Protein"
]
}
|
HR NB patients are often thrombocytopenic at relapse, raising concerns for therapies like ABT-263 despite its HR NB tumor targeting potential. Our data confirms that Bcl-2 selective inhibitors like ABT-199 are equally potent in HR NB in vitro and in vivo and given their lack of platelet toxicity, should be translated into the clinic for HR NB.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does select Bcl-2 antagonism restore chemotherapy sensitivity in high-risk neuroblastoma?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Pediatric patients with high-risk neuroblastoma (HR NB) often fail to respond to upfront intensive multimodal therapy. Tumor-acquired suppression of apoptosis contributes to therapy resistance. Many HR NB tumors depend on the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 for survival, through Bcl-2 sequestration and inhibition of the pro-apoptotic protein, Bim. Bcl-2 dependent xenografts derived from aggressive human NB tumors are cured with a combination of cyclophosphamide and ABT-737, a Bcl-2/Bcl-XL/Bcl-w small molecule antagonist. The oral analogue to ABT-737, Navitoclax (ABT-263), clinically causes an immediate drop in peripheral platelet counts as mature platelets depend on Bcl-xL for survival. This led to the creation of a Bcl-2 selective inhibitor, ABT-199 (Venetoclax). A Phase I trial of ABT-199 in CLL showed remarkable antitumor activity and stable patient platelet counts. Given Bcl-XL does not play a role in HR NB survival, we hypothesized that ABT-199 would be equally potent against HR NB.', 'Cytotoxicity and apoptosis were measured in human derived NB cell lines exposed to ABT-199 combinations. Co-Immunoprecipitation evaluated Bim displacement from Bcl-2, following ABT-199. Murine xenografts of NB cell lines were grown and then exposed to a 14-day course of ABT-199 alone and with cyclophosphamide.', 'Bcl-2 dependent NB cell lines are exquisitely sensitive to ABT-199 (IC50 1.5-5 nM) in vitro, where Mcl-1 dependent NBs are completely resistant. Treatment with ABT-199 displaces Bim from Bcl-2 in NB to activate caspase 3, confirming the restoration of mitochondrial apoptosis. Murine xenografts of Mcl-1 and Bcl-2 dependent NBs were treated with a two-week course of ABT-199, cyclophosphamide, or ABT-199/cyclophosphamide combination. Mcl-1 dependent tumors did not respond to ABT-199 alone and showed no significant difference in time to tumor progression between chemotherapy alone or ABT-199/cyclophosphamide combination. In contrast, Bcl-2 dependent xenografts responded to ABT-199 alone and had sustained complete remission (CR) to the ABT-199/cyclophosphamide combination, with one recurrent tumor maintaining Bcl-2 dependence and obtaining a second CR after a second course of therapy.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Aniline Compounds', 'Apoptosis', 'Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins', 'Bcl-2-Like Protein 11', 'Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic', 'Caspase 3', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'Humans', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Neuroblastoma', 'Platelet Count', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2', 'Risk Assessment', 'Sulfonamides', 'Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays', 'bcl-X Protein']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,850,185 |
Does polymyxin B hemoperfusion prevent acute kidney injury in sepsis model?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Direct hemoperfusion with a polymyxin B-immobilized column (PMX-DHP) adsorbs endotoxin and has been used for the treatment of septic shock. Yet, the mechanisms by which PMX-DHP acts on acute kidney injury are only partially understood.",
"Rats were anesthetized, tracheostomized, and placed on mechanical ventilation. The animals were randomized to three groups: a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) + dummy-DHP group (n = 10), a CLP + PMX-DHP group (n = 10), and a sham group (n = 4). Four hours after CLP, a dummy-DHP or PMX-DHP was performed for 1 h. The heart rate, mean arterial pressure, arterial blood gases, and plasma concentrations of creatinine, lactate, potassium, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 were measured at 0 h and 8 h. Eight hours after CLP, the kidney was harvested, and histopathologic examination was performed. The expressions of cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 were examined by immunohistochemistry. A terminal deoxynucleotide transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assay was performed to detect apoptotic nuclei in kidney sections.",
"PMX-DHP maintained hemodynamics and the acid-base balance and significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the plasma concentrations of lactate, creatinine, potassium, IL-6, and IL-10 compared with dummy-DHP. PMX-DHP significantly (P < 0.001) attenuated the expressions of cleaved PARP and NF-κB p65 in renal tubular cells and renal tubular cell apoptosis compared with dummy-DHP."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Acute Kidney Injury",
"Animals",
"Anti-Bacterial Agents",
"Disease Models, Animal",
"Drug Evaluation, Preclinical",
"Hemoperfusion",
"Male",
"Polymyxin B",
"Rats, Sprague-Dawley",
"Sepsis"
]
}
|
These findings suggest that PMX-DHP may protect against acute kidney injury not only by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway but also by preventing renal tubular cell apoptosis.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does polymyxin B hemoperfusion prevent acute kidney injury in sepsis model?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Direct hemoperfusion with a polymyxin B-immobilized column (PMX-DHP) adsorbs endotoxin and has been used for the treatment of septic shock. Yet, the mechanisms by which PMX-DHP acts on acute kidney injury are only partially understood.', 'Rats were anesthetized, tracheostomized, and placed on mechanical ventilation. The animals were randomized to three groups: a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) + dummy-DHP group (n = 10), a CLP + PMX-DHP group (n = 10), and a sham group (n = 4). Four hours after CLP, a dummy-DHP or PMX-DHP was performed for 1 h. The heart rate, mean arterial pressure, arterial blood gases, and plasma concentrations of creatinine, lactate, potassium, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 were measured at 0 h and 8 h. Eight hours after CLP, the kidney was harvested, and histopathologic examination was performed. The expressions of cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 were examined by immunohistochemistry. A terminal deoxynucleotide transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assay was performed to detect apoptotic nuclei in kidney sections.', 'PMX-DHP maintained hemodynamics and the acid-base balance and significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the plasma concentrations of lactate, creatinine, potassium, IL-6, and IL-10 compared with dummy-DHP. PMX-DHP significantly (P < 0.001) attenuated the expressions of cleaved PARP and NF-κB p65 in renal tubular cells and renal tubular cell apoptosis compared with dummy-DHP.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Acute Kidney Injury', 'Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Hemoperfusion', 'Male', 'Polymyxin B', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Sepsis']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,850,186 |
Does sildenafil obviate ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced acute kidney injury through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ agonism in rats?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Sildenafil is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor used clinically for treating erectile dysfunction. Few studies suggest sildenafil to be a renoprotective agent. The present study investigated the involvement of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) in sildenafil-mediated protection against ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in rats.",
"The rats were subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) with 40 min of bilateral renal ischemia followed by reperfusion for 24 h. The renal damage was assessed by measuring creatinine clearance, blood urea nitrogen, plasma uric acid, electrolytes, and microproteinuria in rats. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, superoxide anion generation, and reduced glutathione levels were measured to assess oxidative stress in renal tissues. The hematoxylin-eosin staining was carried out to demonstrate histopathologic changes in renal tissues. Sildenafil (0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) was administered 1 h before subjecting the rats to renal IRI. In a separate group, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (30 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), a PPAR-γ receptor antagonist, was given before sildenafil administration followed by IRI.",
"The ischemia-reperfusion demonstrated marked AKI with significant changes in serum and urinary parameters, enhanced oxidative stress, and histopathologic changes in renal tissues. The administration of sildenafil demonstrated significant protection against ischemia-reperfusion-induced AKI. The prior treatment with bisphenol A diglycidyl ether abolished sildenafil-mediated renal protection, thereby confirming involvement of PPAR-γ agonism in the sildenafil-mediated renoprotective effect."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Acute Kidney Injury",
"Animals",
"Benzhydryl Compounds",
"Drug Evaluation, Preclinical",
"Epoxy Compounds",
"Kidney",
"Kidney Function Tests",
"Male",
"Oxidative Stress",
"PPAR gamma",
"Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors",
"Proteinuria",
"Random Allocation",
"Rats, Wistar",
"Reperfusion Injury",
"Sildenafil Citrate"
]
}
|
It is concluded that sildenafil protects against ischemia-reperfusion-induced AKI through PPAR-γ agonism in rats.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does sildenafil obviate ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced acute kidney injury through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ agonism in rats?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Sildenafil is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor used clinically for treating erectile dysfunction. Few studies suggest sildenafil to be a renoprotective agent. The present study investigated the involvement of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) in sildenafil-mediated protection against ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in rats.', 'The rats were subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) with 40 min of bilateral renal ischemia followed by reperfusion for 24 h. The renal damage was assessed by measuring creatinine clearance, blood urea nitrogen, plasma uric acid, electrolytes, and microproteinuria in rats. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, superoxide anion generation, and reduced glutathione levels were measured to assess oxidative stress in renal tissues. The hematoxylin-eosin staining was carried out to demonstrate histopathologic changes in renal tissues. Sildenafil (0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) was administered 1 h before subjecting the rats to renal IRI. In a separate group, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (30 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), a PPAR-γ receptor antagonist, was given before sildenafil administration followed by IRI.', 'The ischemia-reperfusion demonstrated marked AKI with significant changes in serum and urinary parameters, enhanced oxidative stress, and histopathologic changes in renal tissues. The administration of sildenafil demonstrated significant protection against ischemia-reperfusion-induced AKI. The prior treatment with bisphenol A diglycidyl ether abolished sildenafil-mediated renal protection, thereby confirming involvement of PPAR-γ agonism in the sildenafil-mediated renoprotective effect.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Acute Kidney Injury', 'Animals', 'Benzhydryl Compounds', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Epoxy Compounds', 'Kidney', 'Kidney Function Tests', 'Male', 'Oxidative Stress', 'PPAR gamma', 'Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors', 'Proteinuria', 'Random Allocation', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Reperfusion Injury', 'Sildenafil Citrate']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,850,187 |
Does interleukin 6 production during cardiac surgery correlate with increasing age?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Cardiac surgery produces a proinflammatory response characterized by cytokine production. Proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) may contribute to morbidity and mortality after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Elderly patients undergoing CPB are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality. We hypothesized that patients aged >70 y produce more IL-6 during CPB.",
"Twenty-three patients (ages 23-80) undergoing cardiac surgery had blood sampled from the ascending aorta and coronary sinus on initial cannulation for bypass, at 30 min of aortic cross-clamp time, on release of the aortic cross-clamp, and at 20 min after reperfusion. Group 1 patients (n = 8) were aged <60 y, group 2 patients (n = 7) were aged between 60 and 70 y, and group 3 patients (n = 8) were aged >70 y. Plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1, and IL-6 were analyzed.",
"The three groups did not differ with respect to preoperative ejection fraction, New York Heart Association classification, mean aortic cross-clamp time, or mean CPB time. IL-6 levels rose throughout myocardial ischemia and reperfusion in all three age groups. The increase in IL-6 during ischemia and reperfusion in the age group >70 was greater than the increase in younger patients. IL-6 was similar in the coronary sinus and the ascending aorta."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Aging",
"Aorta",
"Cardiac Surgical Procedures",
"Cardiopulmonary Bypass",
"Coronary Sinus",
"Humans",
"Interleukin-6",
"Middle Aged",
"Prospective Studies",
"Young Adult"
]
}
|
These data suggest that patients aged >70 y undergoing cardiac operations generate more IL-6 during CPB. The increased circulating IL-6 in elderly patients may incite a proinflammatory state that could subsequently underlie the associated higher mortality and morbidity of these procedures in elderly patients.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does interleukin 6 production during cardiac surgery correlate with increasing age?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Cardiac surgery produces a proinflammatory response characterized by cytokine production. Proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) may contribute to morbidity and mortality after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Elderly patients undergoing CPB are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality. We hypothesized that patients aged >70 y produce more IL-6 during CPB.', 'Twenty-three patients (ages 23-80) undergoing cardiac surgery had blood sampled from the ascending aorta and coronary sinus on initial cannulation for bypass, at 30 min of aortic cross-clamp time, on release of the aortic cross-clamp, and at 20 min after reperfusion. Group 1 patients (n = 8) were aged <60 y, group 2 patients (n = 7) were aged between 60 and 70 y, and group 3 patients (n = 8) were aged >70 y. Plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1, and IL-6 were analyzed.', 'The three groups did not differ with respect to preoperative ejection fraction, New York Heart Association classification, mean aortic cross-clamp time, or mean CPB time. IL-6 levels rose throughout myocardial ischemia and reperfusion in all three age groups. The increase in IL-6 during ischemia and reperfusion in the age group >70 was greater than the increase in younger patients. IL-6 was similar in the coronary sinus and the ascending aorta.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aging', 'Aorta', 'Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Cardiopulmonary Bypass', 'Coronary Sinus', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-6', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Young Adult']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,850,182 |
Does chromogranin A predict survival for resected pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Currently, no serological prognostic marker exists for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs). Previous studies have suggested potential for chromogranin A (CgA); however, the prognostic capability of CgA remains controversial. Our purpose was to explore preoperative CgA levels in predicting outcomes in patients with resected pNETs.",
"Patients with preoperative CgA levels who underwent resection of a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor between July 2002 and May 2013 were identified from a prospective database. An elevated preoperative CgA was defined as a CgA laboratory value above the normal limit of the assay. All patients had pathologically confirmed primary pancreatic tumors. Outcomes were compared between elevated and normal CgA groups.",
"A total of 38 patients were identified that met inclusion criteria. Of these, 45% were male, and the median age was 57 y (range, 17-81 y). All underwent resection with curative intent. Elevated preoperative CgA was present in 16 patients (42%). There were no differences in node positivity or margin status between the normal CgA and elevated CgA groups on univariate analysis. However, tumor size and grade were significantly different between the two groups. Both disease-free survival (DFS; P = 0.006) and overall survival (P = 0.017) were negatively impacted by an elevated preoperative CgA (median follow-up; 40 mo)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adolescent",
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Biomarkers, Tumor",
"Chromogranin A",
"Disease-Free Survival",
"Female",
"Follow-Up Studies",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Neuroendocrine Tumors",
"Pancreatic Neoplasms",
"Wisconsin",
"Young Adult"
]
}
|
In patients with resected pNETs, an elevated preoperative CgA level was negatively associated with DFS and OS and was the only independent predictor of DFS. These results indicate that preoperative CgA may be a clinically useful prognostic marker for patients undergoing pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor resection.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does chromogranin A predict survival for resected pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Currently, no serological prognostic marker exists for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs). Previous studies have suggested potential for chromogranin A (CgA); however, the prognostic capability of CgA remains controversial. Our purpose was to explore preoperative CgA levels in predicting outcomes in patients with resected pNETs.', 'Patients with preoperative CgA levels who underwent resection of a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor between July 2002 and May 2013 were identified from a prospective database. An elevated preoperative CgA was defined as a CgA laboratory value above the normal limit of the assay. All patients had pathologically confirmed primary pancreatic tumors. Outcomes were compared between elevated and normal CgA groups.', 'A total of 38 patients were identified that met inclusion criteria. Of these, 45% were male, and the median age was 57 y (range, 17-81 y). All underwent resection with curative intent. Elevated preoperative CgA was present in 16 patients (42%). There were no differences in node positivity or margin status between the normal CgA and elevated CgA groups on univariate analysis. However, tumor size and grade were significantly different between the two groups. Both disease-free survival (DFS; P = 0.006) and overall survival (P = 0.017) were negatively impacted by an elevated preoperative CgA (median follow-up; 40 mo).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Chromogranin A', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuroendocrine Tumors', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Wisconsin', 'Young Adult']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,863,426 |
Does c-Peptide be a Sensitive Indicator for the Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome in Subjects from Central Mexico?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is associated with elevated risk for developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. A key component of MetS is the development of insulin resistance (IR). The homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) model can determine IR by using insulin or C-peptide concentrations; however, the efficiency of insulin and C-peptide to determine MetS has not been compared. The aim of the study was to compare the efficiency of C-peptide and insulin to determine MetS in Mexicans.",
"Anthropometrics, glucose, insulin, C-peptide, triglycerides, and high-density lipoproteins were determined in 156 nonpregnant females and 114 males. Subjects were separated into normal or positive for MetS. IR was determined by the HOMA2 calculator using insulin or C-peptide. Correlations were calculated using the Spearman correlation coefficient (ρ). Differences between correlations were determined by calculating Steiger's Z. The sensitivity was determined by the area under receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) analysis.",
"Independent of the MetS definition [Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III), International Diabetes Federation (IDF), or World Health Organization (WHO)], C-peptide and insulin were significantly higher in MetS subjects (P < 0.05). C-peptide and insulin correlated with all components of MetS; however, for waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and fasting plasma glucose, C-peptide correlated better than insulin (P < 0.05). Moreover, C-peptide (AUC = 0.72-0.78) was a better marker than insulin (AUC = 0.62-0.72) for MetS (P < 0.05). Finally, HOMA2-IR calculated with C-peptide (AUC = 0.80-0.84) was more accurate than HOMA2-IR calculated with insulin (AUC = 0.68-0.75, P < 0.05) at determining MetS."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adolescent",
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Anthropometry",
"Area Under Curve",
"C-Peptide",
"Cross-Sectional Studies",
"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Inflammation",
"Insulin",
"Insulin Resistance",
"Lipoproteins, HDL",
"Male",
"Metabolic Syndrome",
"Mexico",
"Middle Aged",
"Postprandial Period",
"ROC Curve",
"Reproducibility of Results",
"Triglycerides",
"Waist Circumference",
"Waist-Hip Ratio",
"Young Adult"
]
}
|
C-peptide is a strong indicator of MetS. Since C-peptide has recently emerged as a biomolecule with significant importance for inflammatory diseases, monitoring C-peptide levels will aid clinicians in preventing MetS.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does c-Peptide be a Sensitive Indicator for the Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome in Subjects from Central Mexico?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is associated with elevated risk for developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. A key component of MetS is the development of insulin resistance (IR). The homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) model can determine IR by using insulin or C-peptide concentrations; however, the efficiency of insulin and C-peptide to determine MetS has not been compared. The aim of the study was to compare the efficiency of C-peptide and insulin to determine MetS in Mexicans.', \"Anthropometrics, glucose, insulin, C-peptide, triglycerides, and high-density lipoproteins were determined in 156 nonpregnant females and 114 males. Subjects were separated into normal or positive for MetS. IR was determined by the HOMA2 calculator using insulin or C-peptide. Correlations were calculated using the Spearman correlation coefficient (ρ). Differences between correlations were determined by calculating Steiger's Z. The sensitivity was determined by the area under receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) analysis.\", 'Independent of the MetS definition [Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III), International Diabetes Federation (IDF), or World Health Organization (WHO)], C-peptide and insulin were significantly higher in MetS subjects (P\\u2009<\\u20090.05). C-peptide and insulin correlated with all components of MetS; however, for waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and fasting plasma glucose, C-peptide correlated better than insulin (P\\u2009<\\u20090.05). Moreover, C-peptide (AUC\\u2009=\\u20090.72-0.78) was a better marker than insulin (AUC\\u2009=\\u20090.62-0.72) for MetS (P\\u2009<\\u20090.05). Finally, HOMA2-IR calculated with C-peptide (AUC\\u2009=\\u20090.80-0.84) was more accurate than HOMA2-IR calculated with insulin (AUC\\u2009=\\u20090.68-0.75, P\\u2009<\\u20090.05) at determining MetS.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Anthropometry', 'Area Under Curve', 'C-Peptide', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Lipoproteins, HDL', 'Male', 'Metabolic Syndrome', 'Mexico', 'Middle Aged', 'Postprandial Period', 'ROC Curve', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Triglycerides', 'Waist Circumference', 'Waist-Hip Ratio', 'Young Adult']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,854,749 |
Is spontaneous bacterial peritonitis a risk factor for renal failure requiring dialysis in waitlisted liver transplant candidates?
|
{
"contexts": [
"To examine the relationship between and impact of spontaneous bacteria peritonitis (SBP) and renal failure requiring dialysis in waitlisted liver transplant (LT) candidates.",
"Renal failure is a common and severe complication in cirrhotic patients with SBP. Approximately one-third of patients with SBP develop renal failure despite treatment of infection. However, the incidence of renal failure requiring dialysis in LT waitlisted patients who have developed SBP is unknown. The high mortality observed in this group has also raised debate about resource utilization in the care of these patients.",
"Data from the United Network for Organ Sharing Standard Transplant and Research files were collected retrospectively between 1994 and 2012. The primary endpoint measured was first time initiation of dialysis while on the LT wait list. Secondary endpoints included waitlist time and mortality on wait list.",
"A total of 42,085 patients were included. SBP at time of listing was diagnosed in 2,352 patients (5.6%) and first time initiation of dialysis while on the wait list occurred in 2,367 patients (6.2%). Unadjusted OR for requiring dialysis for patients listed with SBP was 1.66 (p < 0.001). When controlled for age, gender, BMI, diabetes mellitus, baseline creatinine, MELD score, serum albumin at listing, the adjusted OR for dialysis was 1.24 (p = 0.007) in waitlisted patients with SBP. Patients with SBP at time of listing had a mean waitlist time 142.1 d vs. 198.7 d in non-SBP patients (p < 0.001)."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Bacterial Infections",
"Female",
"Follow-Up Studies",
"Glomerular Filtration Rate",
"Humans",
"Kidney Function Tests",
"Liver Cirrhosis",
"Liver Transplantation",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Peritonitis",
"Prognosis",
"Renal Dialysis",
"Renal Insufficiency",
"Retrospective Studies",
"Risk Factors",
"Waiting Lists"
]
}
|
Spontaneous bacteria peritonitis patients have a significantly increased likelihood to require dialysis and mean shorter waitlist time. Furthermore, the combined occurrence of SBP and dialysis is a strong risk factor for all-cause mortality while on the LT wait list.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is spontaneous bacterial peritonitis a risk factor for renal failure requiring dialysis in waitlisted liver transplant candidates?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To examine the relationship between and impact of spontaneous bacteria peritonitis (SBP) and renal failure requiring dialysis in waitlisted liver transplant (LT) candidates.', 'Renal failure is a common and severe complication in cirrhotic patients with SBP. Approximately one-third of patients with SBP develop renal failure despite treatment of infection. However, the incidence of renal failure requiring dialysis in LT waitlisted patients who have developed SBP is unknown. The high mortality observed in this group has also raised debate about resource utilization in the care of these patients.', 'Data from the United Network for Organ Sharing Standard Transplant and Research files were collected retrospectively between 1994 and 2012. The primary endpoint measured was first time initiation of dialysis while on the LT wait list. Secondary endpoints included waitlist time and mortality on wait list.', 'A total of 42,085 patients were included. SBP at time of listing was diagnosed in 2,352 patients (5.6%) and first time initiation of dialysis while on the wait list occurred in 2,367 patients (6.2%). Unadjusted OR for requiring dialysis for patients listed with SBP was 1.66 (p < 0.001). When controlled for age, gender, BMI, diabetes mellitus, baseline creatinine, MELD score, serum albumin at listing, the adjusted OR for dialysis was 1.24 (p = 0.007) in waitlisted patients with SBP. Patients with SBP at time of listing had a mean waitlist time 142.1 d vs. 198.7 d in non-SBP patients (p < 0.001).'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Bacterial Infections', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Humans', 'Kidney Function Tests', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Liver Transplantation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Peritonitis', 'Prognosis', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Renal Insufficiency', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Waiting Lists']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,879,207 |
Is ovarian kisspeptin expression related to age and to monocyte chemoattractant protein-1?
|
{
"contexts": [
"The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that ovarian kisspeptin (kiss1) and its receptor (kiss1r) expression are affected by age, obesity, and the age- and obesity-related chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1).",
"Ovaries from reproductive-aged and older C57BL/6J mice fed normal chow (NC) or high-fat (HF) diet, ovaries from age-matched young MCP-1 knockout and young control mice on NC, and finally, cumulus and mural granulosa cells (GCs) from women who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) were collected. Kiss1, kiss1r, anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), and AMH receptor (AMHR-II) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels were quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).",
"In mouse ovaries, kiss1 and kiss1r mRNA levels were significantly higher in old compared to reproductive-aged mice, and diet-induced obesity did not alter kiss1 or kiss1r mRNA levels. Compared to young control mice, young MCP-1 knockout mice had significantly lower ovarian kiss1 mRNA but significantly higher AMH and AMHR-II mRNA levels. In human cumulus GCs, kiss1r mRNA levels were positively correlated with age but not with BMI. There was no expression of kiss1 mRNA in either cumulus or mural GCs."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Aging",
"Animals",
"Anti-Mullerian Hormone",
"Chemokine CCL2",
"Diet, High-Fat",
"Female",
"Fertilization in Vitro",
"Gene Expression Regulation",
"Granulosa Cells",
"Humans",
"Kisspeptins",
"Mice",
"Mice, Knockout",
"Obesity",
"Ovary",
"RNA, Messenger",
"Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled",
"Receptors, Kisspeptin-1",
"Receptors, Peptide",
"Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta"
]
}
|
These data suggest a possible age-related physiologic role for the kisspeptinergic system in ovarian physiology. Additionally, the inflammatory MCP-1 may be associated with kiss1 and AMH genes, which are important in ovulation and folliculogenesis, respectively.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is ovarian kisspeptin expression related to age and to monocyte chemoattractant protein-1?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that ovarian kisspeptin (kiss1) and its receptor (kiss1r) expression are affected by age, obesity, and the age- and obesity-related chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1).', 'Ovaries from reproductive-aged and older C57BL/6J mice fed normal chow (NC) or high-fat (HF) diet, ovaries from age-matched young MCP-1 knockout and young control mice on NC, and finally, cumulus and mural granulosa cells (GCs) from women who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) were collected. Kiss1, kiss1r, anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), and AMH receptor (AMHR-II) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels were quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).', 'In mouse ovaries, kiss1 and kiss1r mRNA levels were significantly higher in old compared to reproductive-aged mice, and diet-induced obesity did not alter kiss1 or kiss1r mRNA levels. Compared to young control mice, young MCP-1 knockout mice had significantly lower ovarian kiss1 mRNA but significantly higher AMH and AMHR-II mRNA levels. In human cumulus GCs, kiss1r mRNA levels were positively correlated with age but not with BMI. There was no expression of kiss1 mRNA in either cumulus or mural GCs.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Aging', 'Animals', 'Anti-Mullerian Hormone', 'Chemokine CCL2', 'Diet, High-Fat', 'Female', 'Fertilization in Vitro', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Granulosa Cells', 'Humans', 'Kisspeptins', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Obesity', 'Ovary', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled', 'Receptors, Kisspeptin-1', 'Receptors, Peptide', 'Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,879,201 |
Is lower leg muscle density independently associated with fall status in community-dwelling older adults?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Muscle density is a risk factor for fractures in older adults; however, its association with falls is not well described. After adjusting for biologically relevant confounding factors, a unit decrease in muscle density was associated with a 17 % increase in odds of reporting a fall, independent of functional mobility.",
"Falls are the leading cause of injury, disability, and fractures in older adults. Low muscle density (i.e., caused by muscle adiposity) and functional mobility have been identified as risk factors for incident disability and fractures in older adults; however, it is not known if these are also independently associated with falls. The purpose of this study was to explore the associations of muscle density and functional mobility with fall status.",
"Cross-sectional observational study of 183 men and women aged 60-98 years. Descriptive data, including a 12-month fall recall, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test performance, lower leg muscle area, and density. Odds ratio (OR) of being a faller were calculated, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, general health status, diabetes, and comorbidities.",
"Every mg/cm(3) increase in muscle density (mean 70.2, SD 2.6 mg/cm(3)) independently reduced the odds of being a faller by 19 % (OR 0.81 [95 % CI 0.67 to 0.97]), and every 1 s longer TUG test time (mean 9.8, SD 2.6 s) independently increased the odds by 17 % (OR 1.17 [95 % CI 1.01 to 1.37]). When both muscle density and TUG test time were included in the same model, only age (OR 0.93 [95 % CI 0.87 to 0.99]) and muscle density (OR 0.83 [95 % CI 0.69 to 0.99]) were independently associated with fall status."
],
"labels": [
"UNLABELLED",
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Accidental Falls",
"Aged",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Cross-Sectional Studies",
"Female",
"Geriatric Assessment",
"Humans",
"Independent Living",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Muscle, Skeletal",
"Risk Factors"
]
}
|
Muscle density was associated with fall status, independent of functional mobility. Muscle density may compliment functional mobility tests as a biometric outcome for assessing fall risk in well-functioning older adults.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is lower leg muscle density independently associated with fall status in community-dwelling older adults?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Muscle density is a risk factor for fractures in older adults; however, its association with falls is not well described. After adjusting for biologically relevant confounding factors, a unit decrease in muscle density was associated with a 17\\xa0% increase in odds of reporting a fall, independent of functional mobility.', 'Falls are the leading cause of injury, disability, and fractures in older adults. Low muscle density (i.e., caused by muscle adiposity) and functional mobility have been identified as risk factors for incident disability and fractures in older adults; however, it is not known if these are also independently associated with falls. The purpose of this study was to explore the associations of muscle density and functional mobility with fall status.', 'Cross-sectional observational study of 183 men and women aged 60-98\\xa0years. Descriptive data, including a 12-month fall recall, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test performance, lower leg muscle area, and density. Odds ratio (OR) of being a faller were calculated, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, general health status, diabetes, and comorbidities.', 'Every mg/cm(3) increase in muscle density (mean 70.2, SD 2.6\\xa0mg/cm(3)) independently reduced the odds of being a faller by 19\\xa0% (OR 0.81 [95\\xa0% CI 0.67 to 0.97]), and every 1\\xa0s longer TUG test time (mean 9.8, SD 2.6\\xa0s) independently increased the odds by 17\\xa0% (OR 1.17 [95\\xa0% CI 1.01 to 1.37]). When both muscle density and TUG test time were included in the same model, only age (OR 0.93 [95\\xa0% CI 0.87 to 0.99]) and muscle density (OR 0.83 [95\\xa0% CI 0.69 to 0.99]) were independently associated with fall status.'], 'labels': ['UNLABELLED', 'BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Accidental Falls', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Geriatric Assessment', 'Humans', 'Independent Living', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Risk Factors']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,861,769 |
Are guideline-concordant weight-loss programs in an urban area uncommon and difficult to identify through the internet?
|
{
"contexts": [
"To determine the reliability of Internet-based information on community-based weight-loss programs and grade their degree of concordance with 2013 American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and The Obesity Society weight-management guidelines.",
"An online search was conducted for weight-loss programs in the Maryland-Washington, DC-Virginia corridor. Content analysis was performed to abstract program components from their websites, and then 80 programs were randomly selected for a telephone survey to verify this information. Reliability of Internet information was determined in comparison with telephone interview responses.",
"Of the 191 programs, 1% were graded as high, 8% as moderate, and 91% as low with respect to guideline concordance based on website content. Fifty-two programs participated in the telephone survey (65% response rate). Program intensity, diet, physical activity, and use of behavioral strategies were underreported on websites as compared to description of these activities during the phone interview. Within the subsample, 6% of programs were graded as high based on website information, whereas 19% were graded as high after the telephone interview."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Diet",
"Follow-Up Studies",
"Guidelines as Topic",
"Humans",
"Information Dissemination",
"Information Seeking Behavior",
"Internet",
"Obesity",
"Patient Education as Topic",
"Patient Participation",
"Reproducibility of Results",
"Social Support",
"United States",
"Urban Population",
"Weight Loss"
]
}
|
Most weight-loss programs in an urban, mid-Atlantic region do not currently offer guideline-concordant practices and fail to disclose key information online, which may make clinician referrals challenging.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Are guideline-concordant weight-loss programs in an urban area uncommon and difficult to identify through the internet?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To determine the reliability of Internet-based information on community-based weight-loss programs and grade their degree of concordance with 2013 American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and The Obesity Society weight-management guidelines.', 'An online search was conducted for weight-loss programs in the Maryland-Washington, DC-Virginia corridor. Content analysis was performed to abstract program components from their websites, and then 80 programs were randomly selected for a telephone survey to verify this information. Reliability of Internet information was determined in comparison with telephone interview responses.', 'Of the 191 programs, 1% were graded as high, 8% as moderate, and 91% as low with respect to guideline concordance based on website content. Fifty-two programs participated in the telephone survey (65% response rate). Program intensity, diet, physical activity, and use of behavioral strategies were underreported on websites as compared to description of these activities during the phone interview. Within the subsample, 6% of programs were graded as high based on website information, whereas 19% were graded as high after the telephone interview.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Diet', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Guidelines as Topic', 'Humans', 'Information Dissemination', 'Information Seeking Behavior', 'Internet', 'Obesity', 'Patient Education as Topic', 'Patient Participation', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Social Support', 'United States', 'Urban Population', 'Weight Loss']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,878,055 |
Are video capsule endoscopy completion and total transit times similar with oral or endoscopic delivery?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Video capsule endoscopy (VCE) is limited by incomplete procedures. There are also contraindications to the standard ingestion of the capsule that require endoscopic placement. Our aim was to compare the study completion rate of VCE after oral ingestion and endoscopic deployment.",
"We performed a review of all VCE from April 2010 through March 2013. Inpatient and outpatient cohorts grouped by the method of capsule delivery were formed and compared. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was utilized adjusting for variables with a P value ≤ 0.1 in group comparisons. Log-rank analysis was used to compare transit times.",
"A total of 687 VCE were performed, including 316 inpatient (36 endoscopic deployment, 280 oral ingestion) and 371 outpatient (20 endoscopic deployment, 351 oral ingestion). For VCE on hospitalized patients, the completion rates were similar after endoscopic deployment and oral ingestion (72 % vs 73 %, P = 0.94). The completion rates were also similar for ambulatory patients (90 % vs 87 %, P = 0.69). There remained no difference after multivariable modeling for inpatients (P = 0.71) and outpatients (P = 0.46). Total transit times were not significantly different."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
}
|
VCE completion rates and total transit times are similar after oral or endoscopic deployment for both hospitalized and ambulatory patients. Endoscopic placement is effective in patients with contraindications to standard oral ingestion, but should otherwise be avoided to limit unnecessary procedural risks and costs.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Are video capsule endoscopy completion and total transit times similar with oral or endoscopic delivery?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Video capsule endoscopy (VCE) is limited by incomplete procedures. There are also contraindications to the standard ingestion of the capsule that require endoscopic placement. Our aim was to compare the study completion rate of VCE after oral ingestion and endoscopic deployment.', 'We performed a review of all VCE from April 2010 through March 2013. Inpatient and outpatient cohorts grouped by the method of capsule delivery were formed and compared. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was utilized adjusting for variables with a P\\xa0value ≤\\u200a0.1 in group comparisons. Log-rank analysis was used to compare transit times.', 'A total of 687 VCE were performed, including 316 inpatient (36 endoscopic deployment, 280 oral ingestion) and 371 outpatient (20 endoscopic deployment, 351 oral ingestion). For VCE on hospitalized patients, the completion rates were similar after endoscopic deployment and oral ingestion (72\\u200a% vs 73\\u200a%, P\\u200a=\\u200a0.94). The completion rates were also similar for ambulatory patients (90\\u200a% vs 87\\u200a%, P\\u200a=\\u200a0.69). There remained no difference after multivariable modeling for inpatients (P\\u200a=\\u200a0.71) and outpatients (P\\u200a=\\u200a0.46). Total transit times were not significantly different.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,874,565 |
Are sT-segment abnormalities associated with long-term prognosis in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes : The ERICO-ECG study?
|
{
"contexts": [
"We aimed to identify whether ST-segment abnormalities, in the admission or during in-hospital stay, are associated with survival and/or new incident myocardial infarction (MI) in 623 non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome participants of the Strategy of Registry of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ERICO) study.",
"ERICO is conducted in a community-based hospital. ST-segment analysis was based on the Minnesota Code. We built Cox regression models to study whether ECG was an independent predictor for clinical outcomes.",
"Median follow-up was 3years. We found higher risk of death due to MI in individuals with ST-segment abnormalities in the final ECG (adjusted hazard ratio: 2.68; 95% confidence interval: 1.14-6.28). Individuals with ST-segment abnormalities in any tracing had a non-significant trend toward a higher risk of fatal or new non-fatal MI (p=0.088)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Acute Coronary Syndrome",
"Aged",
"Algorithms",
"Brazil",
"Cohort Studies",
"Comorbidity",
"Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted",
"Electrocardiography",
"Female",
"Hospitalization",
"Humans",
"Longitudinal Studies",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction",
"Prevalence",
"Prognosis",
"Proportional Hazards Models",
"Reproducibility of Results",
"Risk Assessment",
"Sensitivity and Specificity",
"Survival Analysis"
]
}
|
ST-segment abnormalities after the initial tracing added long-term prognostic information.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Are sT-segment abnormalities associated with long-term prognosis in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes : The ERICO-ECG study?\nContext: {'contexts': ['We aimed to identify whether ST-segment abnormalities, in the admission or during in-hospital stay, are associated with survival and/or new incident myocardial infarction (MI) in 623 non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome participants of the Strategy of Registry of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ERICO) study.', 'ERICO is conducted in a community-based hospital. ST-segment analysis was based on the Minnesota Code. We built Cox regression models to study whether ECG was an independent predictor for clinical outcomes.', 'Median follow-up was 3years. We found higher risk of death due to MI in individuals with ST-segment abnormalities in the final ECG (adjusted hazard ratio: 2.68; 95% confidence interval: 1.14-6.28). Individuals with ST-segment abnormalities in any tracing had a non-significant trend toward a higher risk of fatal or new non-fatal MI (p=0.088).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Acute Coronary Syndrome', 'Aged', 'Algorithms', 'Brazil', 'Cohort Studies', 'Comorbidity', 'Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction', 'Prevalence', 'Prognosis', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Risk Assessment', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Survival Analysis']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,869,074 |
Are β-catenin and Kras/Foxm1 signaling pathway critical to restrict Sox9 in basal cells during pulmonary branching morphogenesis?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Lung morphogenesis is regulated by interactions between the canonical Wnt/β-catenin and Kras/ERK/Foxm1 signaling pathways that establish proximal-peripheral patterning of lung tubules. How these interactions influence the development of respiratory epithelial progenitors to acquire airway as compared to alveolar epithelial cell fate is unknown. During branching morphogenesis, SOX9 transcription factor is normally restricted from conducting airway epithelial cells and is highly expressed in peripheral, acinar progenitor cells that serve as precursors of alveolar type 2 (AT2) and AT1 cells as the lung matures.",
"To identify signaling pathways that determine proximal-peripheral cell fate decisions, we used the SFTPC gene promoter to delete or overexpress key members of Wnt/β-catenin and Kras/ERK/Foxm1 pathways in fetal respiratory epithelial progenitor cells. Activation of β-catenin enhanced SOX9 expression in peripheral epithelial progenitors, whereas deletion of β-catenin inhibited SOX9. Surprisingly, deletion of β-catenin caused accumulation of atypical SOX9-positive basal cells in conducting airways. Inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by Kras(G12D) or its downstream target Foxm1 stimulated SOX9 expression in basal cells. Genetic inactivation of Foxm1 from Kras(G12D) -expressing epithelial cells prevented the accumulation of SOX9-positive basal cells in developing airways."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Body Patterning",
"Embryo, Mammalian",
"Epithelial Cells",
"Forkhead Box Protein M1",
"Lung",
"Mice",
"Morphogenesis",
"Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)",
"SOX9 Transcription Factor",
"Signal Transduction",
"Stem Cells",
"beta Catenin"
]
}
|
Interactions between the Wnt/β-catenin and the Kras/ERK/Foxm1 pathways are essential to restrict SOX9 expression in basal cells. Developmental Dynamics 245:590-604, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Are β-catenin and Kras/Foxm1 signaling pathway critical to restrict Sox9 in basal cells during pulmonary branching morphogenesis?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Lung morphogenesis is regulated by interactions between the canonical Wnt/β-catenin and Kras/ERK/Foxm1 signaling pathways that establish proximal-peripheral patterning of lung tubules. How these interactions influence the development of respiratory epithelial progenitors to acquire airway as compared to alveolar epithelial cell fate is unknown. During branching morphogenesis, SOX9 transcription factor is normally restricted from conducting airway epithelial cells and is highly expressed in peripheral, acinar progenitor cells that serve as precursors of alveolar type 2 (AT2) and AT1 cells as the lung matures.', 'To identify signaling pathways that determine proximal-peripheral cell fate decisions, we used the SFTPC gene promoter to delete or overexpress key members of Wnt/β-catenin and Kras/ERK/Foxm1 pathways in fetal respiratory epithelial progenitor cells. Activation of β-catenin enhanced SOX9 expression in peripheral epithelial progenitors, whereas deletion of β-catenin inhibited SOX9. Surprisingly, deletion of β-catenin caused accumulation of atypical SOX9-positive basal cells in conducting airways. Inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by Kras(G12D) or its downstream target Foxm1 stimulated SOX9 expression in basal cells. Genetic inactivation of Foxm1 from Kras(G12D) -expressing epithelial cells prevented the accumulation of SOX9-positive basal cells in developing airways.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Body Patterning', 'Embryo, Mammalian', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Forkhead Box Protein M1', 'Lung', 'Mice', 'Morphogenesis', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)', 'SOX9 Transcription Factor', 'Signal Transduction', 'Stem Cells', 'beta Catenin']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,869,077 |
Do cervical cages placed bilaterally in the facet joints from a posterior approach significantly increase foraminal area?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Foraminal stenosis is a common cause of cervical radiculopathy. Posterior cervical cages can indirectly increase foraminal area and decompress the nerve root. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of bilateral posterior cervical cages on the surface area and shape of the neural foramen.",
"Radiographic analysis was performed on 43 subjects enrolled in a prospective, multi-center study. CT scans were obtained at baseline and 6- and 12-months after cervical fusion using bilateral posterior cervical cages. The following measurements were performed on CT scan: foraminal area (A), theoretical area (TA), height (H), superior diagonal (DSI), inferior diagonal (DIS), and inferior diagonal without implant (DISI). Comparisons were performed using R-ANOVA with a significance of α < 0.05.",
"Foraminal area, height, TA and DISI were significantly greater following placement of the implant. The mean (SD) A increased from 4.01 (1.09) mm(2) before surgery to 4.24 (1.00) mm(2) at 6 months, and 4.18 (1.05) mm(2) at 12 months after surgery (p < 0.0001). Foraminal height (H) increased from mean (SD) 9.20 (1.08) mm at baseline to 9.65 (1.06) mm and 9.55 (1.14) mm at 6- and 12-months post-operatively, respectively (p < 0.0001). The mean DIS did not change significantly. There was a significant decrease in DSI: 6.18 (1.59) mm pre-operatively, 5.95 (1.47) mm and 5.73 (1.46) mm at 6- and 12-months (p < 0.0001)."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Cervical Vertebrae",
"Decompression, Surgical",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Magnetic Resonance Imaging",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Prospective Studies",
"Prostheses and Implants",
"Radiculopathy",
"Spinal Fusion",
"Tomography, X-Ray Computed",
"Zygapophyseal Joint"
]
}
|
Implantation of bilateral posterior cervical cages can increase foraminal area and may indirectly decompress the nerve roots. Correlation between increase in foraminal area and clinical outcomes needs further investigation.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do cervical cages placed bilaterally in the facet joints from a posterior approach significantly increase foraminal area?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Foraminal stenosis is a common cause of cervical radiculopathy. Posterior cervical cages can indirectly increase foraminal area and decompress the nerve root. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of bilateral posterior cervical cages on the surface area and shape of the neural foramen.', 'Radiographic analysis was performed on 43 subjects enrolled in a prospective, multi-center study. CT scans were obtained at baseline and 6- and 12-months after cervical fusion using bilateral posterior cervical cages. The following measurements were performed on CT scan: foraminal area (A), theoretical area (TA), height (H), superior diagonal (DSI), inferior diagonal (DIS), and inferior diagonal without implant (DISI). Comparisons were performed using R-ANOVA with a significance of α\\xa0<\\xa00.05.', 'Foraminal area, height, TA and DISI were significantly greater following placement of the implant. The mean (SD) A increased from 4.01 (1.09) mm(2) before surgery to 4.24 (1.00) mm(2) at 6\\xa0months, and 4.18 (1.05) mm(2) at 12\\xa0months after surgery (p\\xa0<\\xa00.0001). Foraminal height (H) increased from mean (SD) 9.20 (1.08) mm at baseline to 9.65 (1.06) mm and 9.55 (1.14) mm at 6- and 12-months post-operatively, respectively (p\\xa0<\\xa00.0001). The mean DIS did not change significantly. There was a significant decrease in DSI: 6.18 (1.59) mm pre-operatively, 5.95 (1.47) mm and 5.73 (1.46) mm at 6- and 12-months (p\\xa0<\\xa00.0001).'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cervical Vertebrae', 'Decompression, Surgical', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Prostheses and Implants', 'Radiculopathy', 'Spinal Fusion', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Zygapophyseal Joint']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,853,184 |
Does family need at a post-acute rehabilitation setting and suggestions for supports?
|
{
"contexts": [
"To explore the perceived needs, obstacles to services, psychological distress and social problem-solving abilities of family members of persons with ABI at a post-acute community-based brain injury rehabilitation facility and offer suggestions for methods of assessment and providing support.",
"Twenty-nine family members who did not provide daily care, but were involved in the care process.",
"Participants completed self-report questionnaires including the FNQ:R, SOS, DASS-21, WHO-QOL BREF and SPSI:R-S.",
"Participants reported informational and professional needs as most met and involvement in care, instrumental support and emotional support as most unmet. Most were satisfied with the amount of professional help and services and had confidence in the quality of care. Nearly half of the family members felt there were few ABI-related resources in the community and one third were unaware of good ABI treatment resources in their community. Psychosocial functioning was generally average."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Brain Injuries",
"Caregivers",
"Counseling",
"Family",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Needs Assessment",
"Residence Characteristics",
"Self Report",
"Social Support",
"Surveys and Questionnaires"
]
}
|
Family members who do not provide daily care are still impacted by the neurobehavioural changes that progress throughout the long-term, post-acute community phase. This study offers suggestions regarding an effective methodology for assessing family needs and recommends accessible and practical supports.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does family need at a post-acute rehabilitation setting and suggestions for supports?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To explore the perceived needs, obstacles to services, psychological distress and social problem-solving abilities of family members of persons with ABI at a post-acute community-based brain injury rehabilitation facility and offer suggestions for methods of assessment and providing support.', 'Twenty-nine family members who did not provide daily care, but were involved in the care process.', 'Participants completed self-report questionnaires including the FNQ:R, SOS, DASS-21, WHO-QOL BREF and SPSI:R-S.', 'Participants reported informational and professional needs as most met and involvement in care, instrumental support and emotional support as most unmet. Most were satisfied with the amount of professional help and services and had confidence in the quality of care. Nearly half of the family members felt there were few ABI-related resources in the community and one third were unaware of good ABI treatment resources in their community. Psychosocial functioning was generally average.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged', 'Brain Injuries', 'Caregivers', 'Counseling', 'Family', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Needs Assessment', 'Residence Characteristics', 'Self Report', 'Social Support', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,852,179 |
Does progressive Coronary Dilatation predict Worse Outcome in Kawasaki Disease?
|
{
"contexts": [
"To explore the implication of serial coronary changes on the late coronary outcomes in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) with coronary aneurysms ≧ 4 mm.",
"We performed a retrospective review of 78 patients with KD with large coronary aneurysms (1980-2013, male: 76.9%; 792 patient-years). Progressive coronary dilatation was defined for those with progressive enlargement of coronary arteries in 3 consecutive echocardiograms.",
"We studied 27 patients with KD with giant aneurysms (≧ 8 mm) and 51 patients with KD with medium aneurysms (4-8 mm). All the giant and 43.1% of medium aneurysms persisted during the study period. For the patients with giant aneurysms, their 10-year freedom from acute myocardial infarction/cardiovascular death and all ischemia was 66% and 52%, respectively. The median intervals for the aneurysm diameters reaching their peak were 3.3 months (giant) and 0.25 months (medium), respectively. In patients with giant aneurysms, the 10-year freedom from ischemia was much lower in those with progressive coronary dilatation (28% vs 59%, P = .021). In patients with medium aneurysms, the probability of 5-year persistence of aneurysm was much greater (67.2% vs 14.8%, P < 10(-3)) in those with progressive coronary dilatation. Male sex and intravenous immunoglobulin therapy were not associated with the late outcomes in the patients with KD who had aneurysms larger than 4 mm."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adolescent",
"Body Size",
"Child",
"Child, Preschool",
"Coronary Aneurysm",
"Coronary Circulation",
"Coronary Vessels",
"Dilatation",
"Echocardiography",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Immunoglobulins, Intravenous",
"Infant",
"Kaplan-Meier Estimate",
"Male",
"Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome",
"Myocardial Infarction",
"Myocardial Ischemia",
"Retrospective Studies",
"Time Factors",
"Treatment Outcome"
]
}
|
In addition to coronary diameters 1 month after the onset of KD, progressive coronary dilatation at 2 or more months after diagnosis may be an indicator of duration, and the severity of vasculitis and adverse dilative remodeling were associated with worse late coronary outcomes.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does progressive Coronary Dilatation predict Worse Outcome in Kawasaki Disease?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To explore the implication of serial coronary changes on the late coronary outcomes in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) with coronary aneurysms ≧ 4 mm.', 'We performed a retrospective review of 78 patients with KD with large coronary aneurysms (1980-2013, male: 76.9%; 792 patient-years). Progressive coronary dilatation was defined for those with progressive enlargement of coronary arteries in 3 consecutive echocardiograms.', 'We studied 27 patients with KD with giant aneurysms (≧ 8 mm) and 51 patients with KD with medium aneurysms (4-8 mm). All the giant and 43.1% of medium aneurysms persisted during the study period. For the patients with giant aneurysms, their 10-year freedom from acute myocardial infarction/cardiovascular death and all ischemia was 66% and 52%, respectively. The median intervals for the aneurysm diameters reaching their peak were 3.3 months (giant) and 0.25 months (medium), respectively. In patients with giant aneurysms, the 10-year freedom from ischemia was much lower in those with progressive coronary dilatation (28% vs 59%, P = .021). In patients with medium aneurysms, the probability of 5-year persistence of aneurysm was much greater (67.2% vs 14.8%, P < 10(-3)) in those with progressive coronary dilatation. Male sex and intravenous immunoglobulin therapy were not associated with the late outcomes in the patients with KD who had aneurysms larger than 4 mm.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adolescent', 'Body Size', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Coronary Aneurysm', 'Coronary Circulation', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Dilatation', 'Echocardiography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulins, Intravenous', 'Infant', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Male', 'Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Myocardial Ischemia', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,852,172 |
Does underutilization of radiation therapy in early-stage marginal zone lymphoma negatively impact overall survival?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Multiple population-based studies have suggested increasing omission of radiation therapy in favor of alternative treatment strategies in lymphomas, with an associated negative impact on survival. Radiation therapy has long been considered the standard management for many mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas. Thus, we aimed to evaluate patterns of treatment utilization and survival.",
"A retrospective analysis based on the National Cancer Database was performed on 22,378 patients with splenic, nodal, or extranodal stage I-II marginal zone lymphoma diagnosed between 1998 and 2012. A logistic regression model was used to assess the association between sociodemographic, tumor, and treatment characteristics and the utilization of radiation therapy. Multivariate propensity score-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were performed to identify factors independently associated with overall survival (OS).",
"Of 22,378 patients, 82% had stage I disease, 77% had extranodal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, 5% had splenic marginal zone lymphoma, and 64% were older than 60 years. Radiation therapy utilization decreased from a peak of 39% in 2007 to 33% in 2011 (P < .001), with a corresponding significant increase in systemic therapy utilization. Radiation therapy was associated with a 5- and 10-year OS of 86.7% and 68.8% compared with 78.3% and 54.3% for no radiation therapy (P < .001). On multivariate propensity score-adjusted survival analysis, radiation therapy remained independently associated with improved OS (hazard of death, 0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.65-0.85; P < .001)."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Cohort Studies",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Retrospective Studies",
"Survival Analysis"
]
}
|
Although clinical guidelines endorse radiation therapy as the preferred initial therapy for early-stage nongastric and Helicobacter pylori-negative gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, radiation therapy is underused. Radiation therapy with or without systemic therapy was associated with a significant improvement in OS and should remain standard of care.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does underutilization of radiation therapy in early-stage marginal zone lymphoma negatively impact overall survival?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Multiple population-based studies have suggested increasing omission of radiation therapy in favor of alternative treatment strategies in lymphomas, with an associated negative impact on survival. Radiation therapy has long been considered the standard management for many mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas. Thus, we aimed to evaluate patterns of treatment utilization and survival.', 'A retrospective analysis based on the National Cancer Database was performed on 22,378 patients with splenic, nodal, or extranodal stage I-II marginal zone lymphoma diagnosed between 1998 and 2012. A logistic regression model was used to assess the association between sociodemographic, tumor, and treatment characteristics and the utilization of radiation therapy. Multivariate propensity score-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were performed to identify factors independently associated with overall survival (OS).', 'Of 22,378 patients, 82% had stage I disease, 77% had extranodal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, 5% had splenic marginal zone lymphoma, and 64% were older than 60 years. Radiation therapy utilization decreased from a peak of 39% in 2007 to 33% in 2011 (P < .001), with a corresponding significant increase in systemic therapy utilization. Radiation therapy was associated with a 5- and 10-year OS of 86.7% and 68.8% compared with 78.3% and 54.3% for no radiation therapy (P < .001). On multivariate propensity score-adjusted survival analysis, radiation therapy remained independently associated with improved OS (hazard of death, 0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.65-0.85; P < .001).'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Analysis']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,865,647 |
Does l-Citrulline Supplementation enhance Fetal Growth and Protein Synthesis in Rats with Intrauterine Growth Restriction?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) results from either maternal undernutrition or impaired placental blood flow, exposing offspring to increased perinatal mortality and a higher risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease during adulthood. l-Citrulline is a precursor of l-arginine and nitric oxide (NO), which regulates placental blood flow. Moreover, l-citrulline stimulates protein synthesis in other models of undernutrition.",
"The aim of the study was to determine whether l-citrulline supplementation would enhance fetal growth in a model of IUGR induced by maternal dietary protein restriction.",
"Pregnant rats were fed either a control (20% protein) or a low-protein (LP; 4% protein) diet. LP dams were randomly allocated to drink tap water either as such or supplemented with l-citrulline (2 g · kg(-1) · d(-1)), an isonitrogenous amount of l-arginine, or nonessential l-amino acids (NEAAs). On day 21 of gestation, dams received a 2-h infusion of l-[1-(13)C]-valine until fetuses were extracted by cesarean delivery. Isotope enrichments were measured in free amino acids and fetal muscle, liver, and placenta protein by GC-mass spectrometry.",
"Fetal weight was ∼29% lower in the LP group (3.82 ± 0.06 g) than in the control group (5.41 ± 0.10 g) (P < 0.001). Regardless of supplementation, fetal weight remained below that of control fetuses. Yet, compared with the LP group, l-citrulline and l-arginine equally increased fetal weight to 4.15 ± 0.08 g (P < 0.05) and 4.13 ± 0.1 g (P < 0.05 compared with LP), respectively, whereas NEAA did not (4.05 ± 0.05 g; P = 0.07). Fetal muscle protein fractional synthesis rate was 35% lower in the LP fetuses (41% ± 11%/d) than in the control (61% ± 13%/d) fetuses (P < 0.001) and was normalized by l-citrulline (56% ± 4%/d; P < 0.05 compared with LP, NS compared with control) and not by other supplements. Urinary nitrite and nitrate excretion was lower in the LP group (6.4 ± 0.8 μmol/d) than in the control group (17.9 ± 1.1 μmol/d; P < 0.001) and increased in response to l-citrulline or l-arginine (12.1 ± 2.2 and 10.6 ± 0.9 μmol/d; P < 0.05), whereas they did not in the LP + NEAA group."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Arginine",
"Citrulline",
"Diet, Protein-Restricted",
"Dietary Supplements",
"Female",
"Fetal Development",
"Fetal Growth Retardation",
"Fetal Weight",
"Fetus",
"Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena",
"Nitric Oxide",
"Nutritional Status",
"Placenta",
"Pregnancy",
"Protein Biosynthesis",
"Rats",
"Rats, Sprague-Dawley"
]
}
|
l-Citrulline increases fetal growth in a model of IUGR, and the effect may be mediated by enhanced fetal muscle protein synthesis and/or increased NO production.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does l-Citrulline Supplementation enhance Fetal Growth and Protein Synthesis in Rats with Intrauterine Growth Restriction?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) results from either maternal undernutrition or impaired placental blood flow, exposing offspring to increased perinatal mortality and a higher risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease during adulthood. l-Citrulline is a precursor of l-arginine and nitric oxide (NO), which regulates placental blood flow. Moreover, l-citrulline stimulates protein synthesis in other models of undernutrition.', 'The aim of the study was to determine whether l-citrulline supplementation would enhance fetal growth in a model of IUGR induced by maternal dietary protein restriction.', 'Pregnant rats were fed either a control (20% protein) or a low-protein (LP; 4% protein) diet. LP dams were randomly allocated to drink tap water either as such or supplemented with l-citrulline (2 g · kg(-1) · d(-1)), an isonitrogenous amount of l-arginine, or nonessential l-amino acids (NEAAs). On day 21 of gestation, dams received a 2-h infusion of l-[1-(13)C]-valine until fetuses were extracted by cesarean delivery. Isotope enrichments were measured in free amino acids and fetal muscle, liver, and placenta protein by GC-mass spectrometry.', 'Fetal weight was ∼29% lower in the LP group (3.82 ± 0.06 g) than in the control group (5.41 ± 0.10 g) (P < 0.001). Regardless of supplementation, fetal weight remained below that of control fetuses. Yet, compared with the LP group, l-citrulline and l-arginine equally increased fetal weight to 4.15 ± 0.08 g (P < 0.05) and 4.13 ± 0.1 g (P < 0.05 compared with LP), respectively, whereas NEAA did not (4.05 ± 0.05 g; P = 0.07). Fetal muscle protein fractional synthesis rate was 35% lower in the LP fetuses (41% ± 11%/d) than in the control (61% ± 13%/d) fetuses (P < 0.001) and was normalized by l-citrulline (56% ± 4%/d; P < 0.05 compared with LP, NS compared with control) and not by other supplements. Urinary nitrite and nitrate excretion was lower in the LP group (6.4 ± 0.8 μmol/d) than in the control group (17.9 ± 1.1 μmol/d; P < 0.001) and increased in response to l-citrulline or l-arginine (12.1 ± 2.2 and 10.6 ± 0.9 μmol/d; P < 0.05), whereas they did not in the LP + NEAA group.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Arginine', 'Citrulline', 'Diet, Protein-Restricted', 'Dietary Supplements', 'Female', 'Fetal Development', 'Fetal Growth Retardation', 'Fetal Weight', 'Fetus', 'Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nutritional Status', 'Placenta', 'Pregnancy', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,865,645 |
Does l-Glutamine enhance Tight Junction Integrity by Activating CaMK Kinase 2-AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling in Intestinal Porcine Epithelial Cells?
|
{
"contexts": [
"The tight junctions (TJs) are essential for maintenance of the intestinal mucosal barrier integrity. Results of our recent work show that dietary l-glutamine (Gln) supplementation enhances the protein abundance of TJ proteins in the small intestine of piglets. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown.",
"This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that Gln regulates TJ integrity through calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase 2 (CaMKK2)-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling which, in turn, contributes to improved intestinal mucosal barrier function.",
"Jejunal enterocytes isolated from a newborn pig were cultured in the presence of 0-2.0 mmol Gln/L for indicated time points. Cell proliferation, monolayer transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), paracellular permeability, expression and distribution of TJ proteins, and phosphorylated AMPK were determined.",
"Compared with 0 mmol Gln/L, 2.0 mmol Gln/L enhanced (P < 0.05) cell growth (by 31.9% at 48 h and 11.1% at 60 h). Cells treated with 2 mmol Gln/L increased TEER by 32.2% at 60 h, and decreased (P < 0.05) TJ permeability by 20.3-40.0% at 36-60 h. In addition, 2.0 mmol Gln/L increased (P < 0.05) the abundance of transmembrane proteins, such as occludin, claudin-4, junction adhesion molecule (JAM)-A, and the plaque proteins zonula occludens (ZO)-1, ZO-2, and ZO-3 by 1.8-6 times. In contrast, 0.5 mmol Gln/L had a moderate effect on TJ protein abundance (20.2-70.5%; P < 0.05) of occludin, claudin-3, claudin-4, JAM-A, and ZO-1. 2.0 mmol Gln/L treatment led to a greater distribution of claudin-1, claudin-4, and ZO-1 at plasma membranes compared with 0 mmol Gln/L. This effect of Gln was mediated by the activation of CaMKK2-AMPK signaling, because either depletion of calcium from the medium or the presence of an inhibitor of CaMKK2 abrogated the effect of Gln on epithelial integrity."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"AMP-Activated Protein Kinases",
"Animals",
"Animals, Newborn",
"Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase",
"Cell Membrane",
"Cell Proliferation",
"Claudin-4",
"Enterocytes",
"Epithelial Cells",
"Gene Expression Regulation",
"Glutamine",
"Intestinal Mucosa",
"Intestines",
"Junctional Adhesion Molecules",
"Occludin",
"Phosphorylation",
"Signal Transduction",
"Swine",
"Tight Junctions",
"Zonula Occludens-1 Protein",
"Zonula Occludens-2 Protein"
]
}
|
Our findings indicate that activation of CaMKK2-AMPK signaling by Gln is associated with improved intestinal mucosal barrier function through enhancing the abundance of TJ proteins and altering their intracellular localization in intestinal porcine epithelial cells.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does l-Glutamine enhance Tight Junction Integrity by Activating CaMK Kinase 2-AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling in Intestinal Porcine Epithelial Cells?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The tight junctions (TJs) are essential for maintenance of the intestinal mucosal barrier integrity. Results of our recent work show that dietary l-glutamine (Gln) supplementation enhances the protein abundance of TJ proteins in the small intestine of piglets. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown.', 'This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that Gln regulates TJ integrity through calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase 2 (CaMKK2)-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling which, in turn, contributes to improved intestinal mucosal barrier function.', 'Jejunal enterocytes isolated from a newborn pig were cultured in the presence of 0-2.0 mmol Gln/L for indicated time points. Cell proliferation, monolayer transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), paracellular permeability, expression and distribution of TJ proteins, and phosphorylated AMPK were determined.', 'Compared with 0 mmol Gln/L, 2.0 mmol Gln/L enhanced (P < 0.05) cell growth (by 31.9% at 48 h and 11.1% at 60 h). Cells treated with 2 mmol Gln/L increased TEER by 32.2% at 60 h, and decreased (P < 0.05) TJ permeability by 20.3-40.0% at 36-60 h. In addition, 2.0 mmol Gln/L increased (P < 0.05) the abundance of transmembrane proteins, such as occludin, claudin-4, junction adhesion molecule (JAM)-A, and the plaque proteins zonula occludens (ZO)-1, ZO-2, and ZO-3 by 1.8-6 times. In contrast, 0.5 mmol Gln/L had a moderate effect on TJ protein abundance (20.2-70.5%; P < 0.05) of occludin, claudin-3, claudin-4, JAM-A, and ZO-1. 2.0 mmol Gln/L treatment led to a greater distribution of claudin-1, claudin-4, and ZO-1 at plasma membranes compared with 0 mmol Gln/L. This effect of Gln was mediated by the activation of CaMKK2-AMPK signaling, because either depletion of calcium from the medium or the presence of an inhibitor of CaMKK2 abrogated the effect of Gln on epithelial integrity.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['AMP-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase', 'Cell Membrane', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Claudin-4', 'Enterocytes', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Glutamine', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Intestines', 'Junctional Adhesion Molecules', 'Occludin', 'Phosphorylation', 'Signal Transduction', 'Swine', 'Tight Junctions', 'Zonula Occludens-1 Protein', 'Zonula Occludens-2 Protein']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,854,799 |
Does low 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level be Associated with Peripheral Arterial Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Patients?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Patients with type 2 diabetes have an increased risk of atherosclerosis and vascular disease. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with vascular disease and is prevalent in diabetes patients. We undertook this study to determine the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels and prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in type 2 diabetes patients.",
"A total of 1028 type 2 diabetes patients were recruited at Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Nanjing Hospital from November 2011 to October 2013. PAD was defined as an ankle-brachial index (ABI) < 0.9. Cardiovascular risk factors (blood pressure, HbA1c, lipid profile), comorbidities, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and 25(OH)D were assessed.",
"Overall prevalence of PAD and of decreased 25(OH)D (<30 ng/mL) were 20.1% (207/1028) and 54.6% (561/1028), respectively. PAD prevalence was higher in participants with decreased (23.9%) than in those with normal (15.6%) 25(OH)D (≥30 ng/mL, p <0.01). Decreased 25(OH)D was associated with increased risk of PAD (odds ratio [OR], 1.69, 95% CI: 1.17-2.44, p <0.001) and PAD was significantly more likely to occur in participants ≥65 years of age (OR, 2.56, 95% CI: 1.51 -4.48, vs. 1.21, 95% CI: 0.80-1.83, p-interaction = 0.027). After adjusting for known cardiovascular risk factors and potential confounding variables, the association of decreased 25(OH)D and PAD remained significant in patients <65 years of age (OR, 1.55; 95% CI: 1.14-2.12, p = 0.006)."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Aged",
"Ankle Brachial Index",
"Atherosclerosis",
"Blood Pressure",
"Carotid Intima-Media Thickness",
"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2",
"Female",
"Glycated Hemoglobin A",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Odds Ratio",
"Peripheral Arterial Disease",
"Prevalence",
"Risk Factors",
"Vitamin D"
]
}
|
Low serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of PAD in type 2 diabetes patients <65 years of age. It may increase the risk of PAD independent of other known cardiovascular risk factors.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does low 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level be Associated with Peripheral Arterial Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Patients?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Patients with type 2 diabetes have an increased risk of atherosclerosis and vascular disease. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with vascular disease and is prevalent in diabetes patients. We undertook this study to determine the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels and prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in type 2 diabetes patients.', 'A total of 1028 type 2 diabetes patients were recruited at Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Nanjing Hospital from November 2011 to October 2013. PAD was defined as an ankle-brachial index (ABI)\\xa0<\\xa00.9. Cardiovascular risk factors (blood pressure, HbA1c, lipid profile), comorbidities, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and 25(OH)D were assessed.', 'Overall prevalence of PAD and of decreased 25(OH)D (<30\\xa0ng/mL) were 20.1% (207/1028) and 54.6% (561/1028), respectively. PAD prevalence was higher in participants with decreased (23.9%) than in those with normal (15.6%) 25(OH)D (≥30\\xa0ng/mL, p\\xa0<0.01). Decreased 25(OH)D was associated with increased risk of PAD (odds ratio [OR], 1.69, 95% CI: 1.17-2.44, p\\xa0<0.001) and PAD was significantly more likely to occur in participants ≥65\\xa0years of age (OR, 2.56, 95% CI: 1.51 -4.48, vs. 1.21, 95% CI: 0.80-1.83, p-interaction\\xa0=\\xa00.027). After adjusting for known cardiovascular risk factors and potential confounding variables, the association of decreased 25(OH)D and PAD remained significant in patients <65\\xa0years of age (OR, 1.55; 95% CI: 1.14-2.12, p\\xa0=\\xa00.006).'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Aged', 'Ankle Brachial Index', 'Atherosclerosis', 'Blood Pressure', 'Carotid Intima-Media Thickness', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Female', 'Glycated Hemoglobin A', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Peripheral Arterial Disease', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors', 'Vitamin D']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,858,093 |
Are interleukin-1β gene variants associated with QTc interval prolongation following cardiac surgery : a prospective observational study?
|
{
"contexts": [
"We characterized cardiac surgery-induced dynamic changes of the corrected QT (QTc) interval and tested the hypothesis that genetic factors are associated with perioperative QTc prolongation independent of clinical and procedural factors.",
"All study subjects were ascertained from a prospective study of patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery during August 1999 to April 2002. We defined a prolonged QTc interval as > 440 msec, measured from 24-hr pre- and postoperative 12-lead electrocardiograms. The association of 37 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 21 candidate genes -involved in modulating arrhythmia susceptibility pathways with postoperative QTc changes- was investigated in a two-stage design with a stage I cohort (n = 497) nested within a stage II cohort (n = 957). Empirical P values (Pemp) were obtained by permutation tests with 10,000 repeats.",
"After adjusting for clinical and procedural risk factors, we selected four SNPs (P value range, 0.03-0.1) in stage I, which we then tested in the stage II cohort. Two functional SNPs in the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL1β), rs1143633 (odds ratio [OR], 0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.53 to 0.95; Pemp = 0.02) and rs16944 (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.70; Pemp = 0.04), remained independent predictors of postoperative QTc prolongation. The ability of a clinico-genetic model incorporating the two IL1B polymorphisms to classify patients at risk for developing prolonged postoperative QTc was superior to a clinical model alone, with a net reclassification improvement of 0.308 (P = 0.0003) and an integrated discrimination improvement of 0.02 (P = 0.000024)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Cardiac Surgical Procedures",
"Electrocardiography",
"Haplotypes",
"Humans",
"Interleukin-1beta",
"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide",
"Postoperative Complications",
"Prospective Studies",
"Risk Factors"
]
}
|
The results suggest a contribution of IL1β in modulating susceptibility to postoperative QTc prolongation after cardiac surgery.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Are interleukin-1β gene variants associated with QTc interval prolongation following cardiac surgery : a prospective observational study?\nContext: {'contexts': ['We characterized cardiac surgery-induced dynamic changes of the corrected QT (QTc) interval and tested the hypothesis that genetic factors are associated with perioperative QTc prolongation independent of clinical and procedural factors.', 'All study subjects were ascertained from a prospective study of patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery during August 1999 to April 2002. We defined a prolonged QTc interval as > 440 msec, measured from 24-hr pre- and postoperative 12-lead electrocardiograms. The association of 37 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 21 candidate genes -involved in modulating arrhythmia susceptibility pathways with postoperative QTc changes- was investigated in a two-stage design with a stage I cohort (n = 497) nested within a stage II cohort (n = 957). Empirical P values (Pemp) were obtained by permutation tests with 10,000 repeats.', 'After adjusting for clinical and procedural risk factors, we selected four SNPs (P value range, 0.03-0.1) in stage I, which we then tested in the stage II cohort. Two functional SNPs in the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL1β), rs1143633 (odds ratio [OR], 0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.53 to 0.95; Pemp = 0.02) and rs16944 (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.70; Pemp = 0.04), remained independent predictors of postoperative QTc prolongation. The ability of a clinico-genetic model incorporating the two IL1B polymorphisms to classify patients at risk for developing prolonged postoperative QTc was superior to a clinical model alone, with a net reclassification improvement of 0.308 (P = 0.0003) and an integrated discrimination improvement of 0.02 (P = 0.000024).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Electrocardiography', 'Haplotypes', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-1beta', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,867,118 |
Do extracellular vesicles participate in the transport of cytokines and angiogenic factors in diabetic patients with ocular complications?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including circulating microvesicles (MVs) or mi- croparticles (MPs) and exosomes, derived from cells or platelets are present in the peripheral blood and are important elements involved in the activation of the coagulation system, transport of macromolecules and intercellular communication. In patients with vascular complications (including diabetes), the number of EVs is significantly increased during the acute phase of the disease. However, less is known about EVs release in the chronic state of diabetes.",
"To analyse the profile of inflammatory cytokines and angiogenic factors in EVs in diabetic patients with ocular and vascular complications.",
"The study included patients with diabetes and varying degrees of ocular complications including retinopathy (n = 48) and the control group (n = 13). EV-enriched and EV-depleted fractions were obtained from platelet-poor plasma by means of the centrifugation method (16 000 g, for 90 min). In screening, the profile of cytokines with pro-angiogenic effects was preliminary assessed using the protein microarray technology for controlled diabetic patients - CD, uncontrolled diabetic patients - UD and for the control group. In all patients, concentrations of cytokines: RANTES (Regulated on Activation, Normal T-cell Expressed and secreted) and Ang-2 (angiopoietin-2) were assayed using the ELISA method. Common blood and biochemical tests were performed.",
"In patients with diabetes, analysis of supernatant revealed significantly increased concentrations of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and soluble receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor 2 (V-EGFR2) when compared to the control group: 49 (10.5-122) vs. 24 (2-72.5) SD (p = 0.03) and 260 (195.5-351) vs. 360 (256-461.5) SD (p = 0.01). In UD patients, concentrations of RANTES, angiostatin, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF), and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1 and 2 (TIMP1 and TIMP2) were relatively higher in the EV-enriched fraction when compared to the EV-depleted fraction. Post hoc analysis revealed significant differences between UC patients and the control group in RANTES (16.73 (14.41-18.93) vs. 14.62 (12.37-15.28) mg/ml; p = 0.0235) and Ang-2 (2.76 (2.23-4.64) ng/ml vs. 1.74 (1.54-1.93); p = 0.0316) concentrations. These analyses did not reveal any significant differences in RANTES and Ang-2 concentrations between CD patients and the control group."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Angiopoietin-2",
"Biomarkers",
"Chemokine CCL5",
"Diabetic Retinopathy",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Vesicular Transport Proteins"
]
}
|
The profiles of cytokines and angiogenic factors in EVs are significantly increased in patients with diabetes. Also, the formation of specific cytokines related to EVs is strongly influenced by disease duration and successful treatment. EVs seem to be the conveyors of upregulated cytokines and angiogenic agents in diabetic patients.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do extracellular vesicles participate in the transport of cytokines and angiogenic factors in diabetic patients with ocular complications?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including circulating microvesicles (MVs) or mi- croparticles (MPs) and exosomes, derived from cells or platelets are present in the peripheral blood and are important elements involved in the activation of the coagulation system, transport of macromolecules and intercellular communication. In patients with vascular complications (including diabetes), the number of EVs is significantly increased during the acute phase of the disease. However, less is known about EVs release in the chronic state of diabetes.', 'To analyse the profile of inflammatory cytokines and angiogenic factors in EVs in diabetic patients with ocular and vascular complications.', 'The study included patients with diabetes and varying degrees of ocular complications including retinopathy (n = 48) and the control group (n = 13). EV-enriched and EV-depleted fractions were obtained from platelet-poor plasma by means of the centrifugation method (16 000 g, for 90 min). In screening, the profile of cytokines with pro-angiogenic effects was preliminary assessed using the protein microarray technology for controlled diabetic patients - CD, uncontrolled diabetic patients - UD and for the control group. In all patients, concentrations of cytokines: RANTES (Regulated on Activation, Normal T-cell Expressed and secreted) and Ang-2 (angiopoietin-2) were assayed using the ELISA method. Common blood and biochemical tests were performed.', 'In patients with diabetes, analysis of supernatant revealed significantly increased concentrations of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and soluble receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor 2 (V-EGFR2) when compared to the control group: 49 (10.5-122) vs. 24 (2-72.5) SD (p = 0.03) and 260 (195.5-351) vs. 360 (256-461.5) SD (p = 0.01). In UD patients, concentrations of RANTES, angiostatin, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF), and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1 and 2 (TIMP1 and TIMP2) were relatively higher in the EV-enriched fraction when compared to the EV-depleted fraction. Post hoc analysis revealed significant differences between UC patients and the control group in RANTES (16.73 (14.41-18.93) vs. 14.62 (12.37-15.28) mg/ml; p = 0.0235) and Ang-2 (2.76 (2.23-4.64) ng/ml vs. 1.74 (1.54-1.93); p = 0.0316) concentrations. These analyses did not reveal any significant differences in RANTES and Ang-2 concentrations between CD patients and the control group.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Angiopoietin-2', 'Biomarkers', 'Chemokine CCL5', 'Diabetic Retinopathy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Vesicular Transport Proteins']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,875,547 |
Does blockade of cell adhesion molecules enhance cell engraftment in a murine model of liver cell transplantation?
|
{
"contexts": [
"OLT is the best alternative for patients with end-stage liver diseases. However, as the need for organs surpasses donor availability, alternatives to OLT are required. LCT could be a useful option versus OLT in several patients even though its low cell-engraftment hampers its efficiency. Endothelial cell barrier is the main obstacle for the implantation of cells into the parenchyma. Our study has focused on the modification of the endothelial barrier with monoclonal antibodies against adhesion molecules in order to increase cell engraftment in a mouse model of liver cell transplantation.",
"Anti-mouse CD54 and anti-mouse CD61 antibodies were administered intrasplenically to healthy mice within 60 min prior to stem cell transplantation. Animals were sacrificed either short term at 2h or middle term seven days after transplantation. Immunohistochemical techniques to detect alkaline phosphatase activity were used to identify the transplanted cells within the liver parenchyma.",
"Anti-CD54 and anti-CD61 administration increases vascular patency and cell engraftment. This represents a 32% and 45% increase, respectively, of engrafted cells compared to the control (p<0.05)."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Allografts",
"Animals",
"Antibodies",
"Disease Models, Animal",
"End Stage Liver Disease",
"Graft Survival",
"Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells",
"Humans",
"Integrin beta3",
"Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1",
"Liver",
"Male",
"Mice",
"Stem Cell Transplantation"
]
}
|
Modification of the vascular wall with monoclonal antibodies against endothelial adhesion molecules before cell transplantation enhances cell engraftment into the mouse liver.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does blockade of cell adhesion molecules enhance cell engraftment in a murine model of liver cell transplantation?\nContext: {'contexts': ['OLT is the best alternative for patients with end-stage liver diseases. However, as the need for organs surpasses donor availability, alternatives to OLT are required. LCT could be a useful option versus OLT in several patients even though its low cell-engraftment hampers its efficiency. Endothelial cell barrier is the main obstacle for the implantation of cells into the parenchyma. Our study has focused on the modification of the endothelial barrier with monoclonal antibodies against adhesion molecules in order to increase cell engraftment in a mouse model of liver cell transplantation.', 'Anti-mouse CD54 and anti-mouse CD61 antibodies were administered intrasplenically to healthy mice within 60 min prior to stem cell transplantation. Animals were sacrificed either short term at 2h or middle term seven days after transplantation. Immunohistochemical techniques to detect alkaline phosphatase activity were used to identify the transplanted cells within the liver parenchyma.', 'Anti-CD54 and anti-CD61 administration increases vascular patency and cell engraftment. This represents a 32% and 45% increase, respectively, of engrafted cells compared to the control (p<0.05).'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Allografts', 'Animals', 'Antibodies', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'End Stage Liver Disease', 'Graft Survival', 'Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells', 'Humans', 'Integrin beta3', 'Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Stem Cell Transplantation']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,853,442 |
Is p2X1-regulated IL-22 secretion by innate lymphoid cells required for efficient liver regeneration?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Paracrine signalling mediated by cytokine secretion is essential for liver regeneration after hepatic resection, yet the mechanisms of cellular crosstalk between immune and parenchymal cells are still elusive. Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is released by immune cells and mediates strong hepatoprotective functions. However, it remains unclear whether IL-22 is critical for the crosstalk between liver lymphocytes and parenchymal cells during liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy (PH). Here, we found that plasma levels of IL-22 and its upstream cytokine, IL-23, are highly elevated in patients after major liver resection. In a mouse model of PH, deletion of IL-22 was associated with significantly delayed hepatocellular proliferation and an increase of hepatocellular injury and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Using Rag1(-/-) and Rag2(-/-) γc(-/) (-) mice, we show that the main producers of IL-22 post-PH are conventional natural killer cells and innate lymphoid cells type 1. Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a potent danger molecule, is elevated in patients immediately after major liver resection. Antagonism of the P2-type nucleotide receptors, P2X1 and P2Y6, significantly decreased IL-22 secretion ex vivo. In vivo, specific inhibition of P2X1 was associated with decreased IL-22 secretion, elevated liver injury, and impaired liver regeneration."
],
"labels": [
"UNLABELLED"
],
"meshes": [
"Adenosine Triphosphate",
"Animals",
"Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress",
"Hepatectomy",
"Humans",
"Interleukins",
"Killer Cells, Natural",
"Liver Regeneration",
"Male",
"Mice, Inbred C57BL",
"Receptors, Purinergic P2X1"
]
}
|
This study shows that innate immune cell-derived IL-22 is required for efficient liver regeneration and that secretion of IL-22 in the regenerating liver is modulated by the ATP receptor, P2X1. (Hepatology 2016;63:2004-2017).
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is p2X1-regulated IL-22 secretion by innate lymphoid cells required for efficient liver regeneration?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Paracrine signalling mediated by cytokine secretion is essential for liver regeneration after hepatic resection, yet the mechanisms of cellular crosstalk between immune and parenchymal cells are still elusive. Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is released by immune cells and mediates strong hepatoprotective functions. However, it remains unclear whether IL-22 is critical for the crosstalk between liver lymphocytes and parenchymal cells during liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy (PH). Here, we found that plasma levels of IL-22 and its upstream cytokine, IL-23, are highly elevated in patients after major liver resection. In a mouse model of PH, deletion of IL-22 was associated with significantly delayed hepatocellular proliferation and an increase of hepatocellular injury and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Using Rag1(-/-) and Rag2(-/-) γc(-/) (-) mice, we show that the main producers of IL-22 post-PH are conventional natural killer cells and innate lymphoid cells type 1. Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a potent danger molecule, is elevated in patients immediately after major liver resection. Antagonism of the P2-type nucleotide receptors, P2X1 and P2Y6, significantly decreased IL-22 secretion ex vivo. In vivo, specific inhibition of P2X1 was associated with decreased IL-22 secretion, elevated liver injury, and impaired liver regeneration.'], 'labels': ['UNLABELLED'], 'meshes': ['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Animals', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress', 'Hepatectomy', 'Humans', 'Interleukins', 'Killer Cells, Natural', 'Liver Regeneration', 'Male', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Receptors, Purinergic P2X1']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,851,250 |
Is very early social support following mild stroke associated with emotional and behavioral outcomes three months later?
|
{
"contexts": [
"To investigate whether social contact and support received during hospitalization for acute ischemic stroke predict depression and daily life functioning three months later.",
"Prospective observational study using Ecological Momentary Assessments to evaluate the number of social contacts as well as social support received from family, friends and medical staff within 24 hours following admission for stroke. Patients also monitored depression symptoms and behavior in real-time and in daily life contexts three months later.",
"A university hospital acute stroke unit.",
"Thirty-four mild ischemic stroke patients.",
"None.",
"One-day Ecological Momentary Assessments immediately following stroke collected information concerning perceived social support, number of social contacts and depression symptoms. Ecological Momentary Assessments was repeated three months later and addressed depression levels as well as activities of daily living, such as working, cooking, shopping and housework.",
"The number of social interactions received at hospitalization did not predict three-month outcomes. However, a better quality of moral support from friends and family immediately after stroke was associated with decreases in later depression levels (p = 0.041) and increases in activities of daily living (p = 0.011). Material support from friends and family was associated with increases in activities of daily living (p = 0.012). No effect was observed for support received from medical staff."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Activities of Daily Living",
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Depressive Disorder",
"Emotions",
"Female",
"Hospitalization",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Prospective Studies",
"Social Behavior",
"Social Support",
"Stroke",
"Stroke Rehabilitation",
"Time Factors",
"Treatment Outcome"
]
}
|
Patient perceptions of better support quality, and not quantity, immediately following mild stroke, are associated with better behavioral and emotional outcomes three months later.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is very early social support following mild stroke associated with emotional and behavioral outcomes three months later?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To investigate whether social contact and support received during hospitalization for acute ischemic stroke predict depression and daily life functioning three months later.', 'Prospective observational study using Ecological Momentary Assessments to evaluate the number of social contacts as well as social support received from family, friends and medical staff within 24\\u2009hours following admission for stroke. Patients also monitored depression symptoms and behavior in real-time and in daily life contexts three months later.', 'A university hospital acute stroke unit.', 'Thirty-four mild ischemic stroke patients.', 'None.', 'One-day Ecological Momentary Assessments immediately following stroke collected information concerning perceived social support, number of social contacts and depression symptoms. Ecological Momentary Assessments was repeated three months later and addressed depression levels as well as activities of daily living, such as working, cooking, shopping and housework.', 'The number of social interactions received at hospitalization did not predict three-month outcomes. However, a better quality of moral support from friends and family immediately after stroke was associated with decreases in later depression levels (p\\u2009=\\u20090.041) and increases in activities of daily living (p\\u2009=\\u20090.011). Material support from friends and family was associated with increases in activities of daily living (p\\u2009=\\u20090.012). No effect was observed for support received from medical staff.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Activities of Daily Living', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Emotions', 'Female', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Social Behavior', 'Social Support', 'Stroke', 'Stroke Rehabilitation', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,859,367 |
Is timing of allergen exposure and the development of food allergy : treating before the horse out of the barn?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Until recently, nutritional guidelines did not support early introduction of allergenic foods into the diet of high-risk infants. Following recent studies, this approach is beginning to change, at least for peanuts. This review will examine the change in nutritional guidelines and the scientific data that led to these changes.",
"In a recent prospective controlled study, regular consumption of peanut protein in infants from 4-11 months of age with atopic dermatitis or egg allergy, was associated with lower prevalence of peanut allergy (1.9%) at 60 months of age compared with peanut avoidance (13.7%). Other studies demonstrated that earlier introduction of cow's milk protein and egg powder were also associated with decreased risk for milk and egg allergy, respectively."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
}
|
Recent studies suggest that early rather than late introduction of allergenic foods reduces the risk of food allergy. The preferred timing of food introduction might be sooner than the current recommendation, and might apply not only to high-risk infants.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is timing of allergen exposure and the development of food allergy : treating before the horse out of the barn?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Until recently, nutritional guidelines did not support early introduction of allergenic foods into the diet of high-risk infants. Following recent studies, this approach is beginning to change, at least for peanuts. This review will examine the change in nutritional guidelines and the scientific data that led to these changes.', \"In a recent prospective controlled study, regular consumption of peanut protein in infants from 4-11 months of age with atopic dermatitis or egg allergy, was associated with lower prevalence of peanut allergy (1.9%) at 60 months of age compared with peanut avoidance (13.7%). Other studies demonstrated that earlier introduction of cow's milk protein and egg powder were also associated with decreased risk for milk and egg allergy, respectively.\"], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,875,265 |
Do [ BONE TRANSPORTATION BY RING TYPE EXTERNAL FIXATOR COMBINED WITH LOCKED INTRAMEDULLARY NAIL FOR TIBIAL NON-INFECTIOUS DEFECT ]?
|
{
"contexts": [
"To explore the effectiveness of bone transportation by ring type extenal fixator combined with locked intramedullary nail for tibial non-infectious defect.",
"Between June 2008 and October 2012, 22 cases of tibial large segment defect were treated. There were 15 males and 7 females, aged 24-58 years (mean, 36.8 years), including 17 cases of postoperative nonunion or malunion healing, and 5 cases of large defect. After debridement, bone defect size was 5.0-12.5 cm (mean, 8.05 cm). Bone transportation was performed by ring type external fixator combined with locked intramedullary nail, the mean indwelling duration of external fixation was 10.2 months (range, 2-26 months); the external fixation index was 1.57 months/cm (range, 0.3-3.2 months/cm); and the mean length increase was 8.05 cm (range, 5.0-12.5 cm).",
"All patients were followed up 19-58 months (mean, 32 months). No infection occurred after operation and all patients obtained bony union, and the union time was 4.7-19.4 months (mean, 11.9 months). Complications included refracture (1 case), skin crease (1 case), lengthening failure (1 case), foot drop (2 cases), retractions of the transport segment (1 case), delay of mineralization (1 case), which were cured after corresponding treatment. According to Hohl knee evaluation system to assess knee joint function after removal of external fixator and intramedullary nail, the results were excellent in 15 cases, good in 5 cases, and fair in 2 cases, with an excellent and good rate of 90.9%; according to Baird-Jackson ankle evaluation system to evaluate ankle joint function, the results were excellent in 10 cases, good in 3 cases, fair in 7 cases, and poor in 2 cases, with an excellent and good rate of 59.1%."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Ankle Joint",
"Bone Nails",
"Bone Transplantation",
"Debridement",
"External Fixators",
"Female",
"Fracture Fixation",
"Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary",
"Humans",
"Internal Fixators",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Prostheses and Implants",
"Tibia",
"Treatment Outcome",
"Wound Healing",
"Young Adult"
]
}
|
Bone transportation by ring type external fixator combined with locked intramedullary nail could increase stability of extremities, allow early removal of external fixator and avoid axis shift of extremities, so it has good effect in treating tibial noninfectious defect.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do [ BONE TRANSPORTATION BY RING TYPE EXTERNAL FIXATOR COMBINED WITH LOCKED INTRAMEDULLARY NAIL FOR TIBIAL NON-INFECTIOUS DEFECT ]?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To explore the effectiveness of bone transportation by ring type extenal fixator combined with locked intramedullary nail for tibial non-infectious defect.', 'Between June 2008 and October 2012, 22 cases of tibial large segment defect were treated. There were 15 males and 7 females, aged 24-58 years (mean, 36.8 years), including 17 cases of postoperative nonunion or malunion healing, and 5 cases of large defect. After debridement, bone defect size was 5.0-12.5 cm (mean, 8.05 cm). Bone transportation was performed by ring type external fixator combined with locked intramedullary nail, the mean indwelling duration of external fixation was 10.2 months (range, 2-26 months); the external fixation index was 1.57 months/cm (range, 0.3-3.2 months/cm); and the mean length increase was 8.05 cm (range, 5.0-12.5 cm).', 'All patients were followed up 19-58 months (mean, 32 months). No infection occurred after operation and all patients obtained bony union, and the union time was 4.7-19.4 months (mean, 11.9 months). Complications included refracture (1 case), skin crease (1 case), lengthening failure (1 case), foot drop (2 cases), retractions of the transport segment (1 case), delay of mineralization (1 case), which were cured after corresponding treatment. According to Hohl knee evaluation system to assess knee joint function after removal of external fixator and intramedullary nail, the results were excellent in 15 cases, good in 5 cases, and fair in 2 cases, with an excellent and good rate of 90.9%; according to Baird-Jackson ankle evaluation system to evaluate ankle joint function, the results were excellent in 10 cases, good in 3 cases, fair in 7 cases, and poor in 2 cases, with an excellent and good rate of 59.1%.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Ankle Joint', 'Bone Nails', 'Bone Transplantation', 'Debridement', 'External Fixators', 'Female', 'Fracture Fixation', 'Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary', 'Humans', 'Internal Fixators', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prostheses and Implants', 'Tibia', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Wound Healing', 'Young Adult']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,851,944 |
Do cancer-associated fibroblasts promote the progression of endometrial cancer via the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are believed to play an essential role in cancer initiation and development. However, little research has been undertaken to evaluate the role of CAFs in endometrial cancer (EC) progression. We aim to detect the functional contributions of CAFs to promote progression of EC.",
"Stromal fibroblasts were isolated from endometrioid adenocarcinomas and normal endometrial tissues. The conditioned media of cultured CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) were collected to detect the level of stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1α), macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), migration inhibitory factor (MIF), colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1), and interleukin-1 (IL-1) by ELISA. The CAFs or NFs were cocultured with EC cell lines to determine the proliferation, migration, and invasion by MTT assays and transwell chambers. Xenograft models were used to observe tumor growth. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 activity was evaluated by zymography. AMD3100 (a chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) antagonist) was used to block the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis. Neutralizing antibodies were used to detect PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Erk pathways by western blotting. SDF-1α and CXCR4 expressions were analyzed in xenotransplanted tumors and 348 cases by immunohistochemistry.",
"CAFs promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion as well as in vivo tumorigenesis of admixed EC cells significantly more than NFs by secreting SDF-1α. These effects were significantly inhibited by AMD3100. CAFs promoted EC progression via the SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis to activate the PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Erk signalings in a paracrine-dependent manner or increase MMP-2 and MMP-9 secretion in an autocrine-dependent manner. SDF-1α and CXCR4 expression upregulation accompanied clinical EC development and progression. High SDF-1α expression levels were associated with deep myometrial invasion, lymph node metastasis, and poor prognosis in EC."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Blotting, Western",
"Cell Line, Tumor",
"Cell Movement",
"Cell Proliferation",
"Cells, Cultured",
"Chemokine CXCL12",
"Coculture Techniques",
"Cytokines",
"Disease Progression",
"Endometrial Neoplasms",
"Female",
"Fibroblasts",
"Heterocyclic Compounds",
"Humans",
"Immunohistochemistry",
"Kaplan-Meier Estimate",
"Mice, Nude",
"Prognosis",
"Receptors, CXCR4",
"Signal Transduction",
"Transplantation, Heterologous",
"Tumor Burden"
]
}
|
Our data indicated that CAFs derived from EC tissues promoted EC progression via the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis in a paracrine- or autocrine-dependent manner. SDF-1α is a novel independent poor prognostic factor for EC patients' survival. Targeting the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis might provide a novel therapeutic strategy for EC treatment.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do cancer-associated fibroblasts promote the progression of endometrial cancer via the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are believed to play an essential role in cancer initiation and development. However, little research has been undertaken to evaluate the role of CAFs in endometrial cancer (EC) progression. We aim to detect the functional contributions of CAFs to promote progression of EC.', 'Stromal fibroblasts were isolated from endometrioid adenocarcinomas and normal endometrial tissues. The conditioned media of cultured CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) were collected to detect the level of stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1α), macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), migration inhibitory factor (MIF), colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1), and interleukin-1 (IL-1) by ELISA. The CAFs or NFs were cocultured with EC cell lines to determine the proliferation, migration, and invasion by MTT assays and transwell chambers. Xenograft models were used to observe tumor growth. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 activity was evaluated by zymography. AMD3100 (a chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) antagonist) was used to block the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis. Neutralizing antibodies were used to detect PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Erk pathways by western blotting. SDF-1α and CXCR4 expressions were analyzed in xenotransplanted tumors and 348 cases by immunohistochemistry.', 'CAFs promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion as well as in vivo tumorigenesis of admixed EC cells significantly more than NFs by secreting SDF-1α. These effects were significantly inhibited by AMD3100. CAFs promoted EC progression via the SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis to activate the PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Erk signalings in a paracrine-dependent manner or increase MMP-2 and MMP-9 secretion in an autocrine-dependent manner. SDF-1α and CXCR4 expression upregulation accompanied clinical EC development and progression. High SDF-1α expression levels were associated with deep myometrial invasion, lymph node metastasis, and poor prognosis in EC.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chemokine CXCL12', 'Coculture Techniques', 'Cytokines', 'Disease Progression', 'Endometrial Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Fibroblasts', 'Heterocyclic Compounds', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Mice, Nude', 'Prognosis', 'Receptors, CXCR4', 'Signal Transduction', 'Transplantation, Heterologous', 'Tumor Burden']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,868,285 |
Is receipt of Care Discordant with Practice Guidelines Associated with Compromised Overall Survival in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma?
|
{
"contexts": [
"It is unknown whether receiving treatment that is discordant with practice guidelines is associated with improved survival in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The objectives of this study were to characterise national treatment patterns, analyse whether treatment outside of practice guidelines is associated with overall survival, and identify variables associated with receiving guidelines-discordant care in the USA.",
"This was a retrospective cohort study of 1741 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients in the National Cancer Data Base (2003-2006). Treatment regimens were compared with the 2004-2006 National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines. Statistical analyses included chi-square, Kaplan-Meier, multivariable logistic, and Cox regression.",
"Nearly 26% of our cohort received care discordant with practice guidelines. In multivariable analysis, patients with stage IVC disease (odds ratio 2.59, 95% confidence interval 1.66-4.04) were more likely to receive guidelines-discordant care when compared with those with stage II-IVB disease. The most common treatment deviation for those with stage I disease was overtreatment with chemoradiation therapy. Receiving guidelines-discordant care was associated with an increased risk of death (hazard ratio 1.46, 95% confidence interval 1.25-1.69)."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Carcinoma",
"Chemoradiotherapy",
"Female",
"Guideline Adherence",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma",
"Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms",
"Neoplasm Staging",
"Practice Guidelines as Topic",
"Prognosis",
"Proportional Hazards Models",
"Retrospective Studies",
"Risk Factors",
"Standard of Care",
"Survival Rate",
"Young Adult"
]
}
|
Many patients with stages I and IVC nasopharyngeal carcinoma do not receive care in accordance with practice guidelines. Receiving guidelines-discordant care is associated with compromised overall survival in the USA.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is receipt of Care Discordant with Practice Guidelines Associated with Compromised Overall Survival in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma?\nContext: {'contexts': ['It is unknown whether receiving treatment that is discordant with practice guidelines is associated with improved survival in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The objectives of this study were to characterise national treatment patterns, analyse whether treatment outside of practice guidelines is associated with overall survival, and identify variables associated with receiving guidelines-discordant care in the USA.', 'This was a retrospective cohort study of 1741 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients in the National Cancer Data Base (2003-2006). Treatment regimens were compared with the 2004-2006 National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines. Statistical analyses included chi-square, Kaplan-Meier, multivariable logistic, and Cox regression.', 'Nearly 26% of our cohort received care discordant with practice guidelines. In multivariable analysis, patients with stage IVC disease (odds ratio 2.59, 95% confidence interval 1.66-4.04) were more likely to receive guidelines-discordant care when compared with those with stage II-IVB disease. The most common treatment deviation for those with stage I disease was overtreatment with chemoradiation therapy. Receiving guidelines-discordant care was associated with an increased risk of death (hazard ratio 1.46, 95% confidence interval 1.25-1.69).'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Carcinoma', 'Chemoradiotherapy', 'Female', 'Guideline Adherence', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma', 'Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', 'Prognosis', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Standard of Care', 'Survival Rate', 'Young Adult']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,853,138 |
Is carotid Intima-Media Thickness Associated with Markers of Atherosclerosis in Stroke Patients?
|
{
"contexts": [
"It has been argued that carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) could better reflect an adaptive response of the vessel wall rather than being a marker of atherosclerosis. We explore this hypothesis by analyzing the ARTICO data.",
"The ARTICO study was designed to evaluate the prognostic value of the pathological ankle-brachial index (ABI) for the emergence of new vascular events in patients who have suffered a noncardioembolic stroke. Collected variables were as follows: vascular risk factors, mean waist perimeter, quantification of carotid IMT, characteristics of carotid plaques, ABI, and presence of microalbuminuria.",
"A total of 591 patients with a complete carotid evaluation were available. There was no correlation between ABI and IMT (Spearman's, p NS). Logistic regression revealed that pathological ABI correlated significantly only with internal carotid artery stenosis greater than or equal to 50% (OR [odds ratio] 2.80, 1.66-4.71, P < .01) and peripheral artery disease (OR 3.33, 1.63-6.78, P < .01). However, multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that carotid IMT was independently associated with age (OR 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.09, P < .01), hypertension (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.02-3.26, P = .04), waist circumference (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.05, P < .01), and microalbuminuria (OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.22-3.35, P < .01)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Aged",
"Ankle Brachial Index",
"Carotid Artery, Internal",
"Carotid Intima-Media Thickness",
"Carotid Stenosis",
"Chi-Square Distribution",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Kaplan-Meier Estimate",
"Logistic Models",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Multivariate Analysis",
"Odds Ratio",
"Peripheral Arterial Disease",
"Plaque, Atherosclerotic",
"Predictive Value of Tests",
"Prognosis",
"Prospective Studies",
"Reproducibility of Results",
"Risk Assessment",
"Risk Factors",
"Spain",
"Stroke",
"Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color"
]
}
|
In our patients, carotid IMT does not seem to be associated with unequivocal markers of atheromatosis such as the existence of relevant carotid plaques or pathological ABI. These results as well as the association of IMT with age, hypertension, microalbuminuria, and mean waist perimeter support the hypothesis that IMT must be considered a risk factor for general vascular disease rather than a marker of atherosclerotic burden.
|
no
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is carotid Intima-Media Thickness Associated with Markers of Atherosclerosis in Stroke Patients?\nContext: {'contexts': ['It has been argued that carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) could better reflect an adaptive response of the vessel wall rather than being a marker of atherosclerosis. We explore this hypothesis by analyzing the ARTICO data.', 'The ARTICO study was designed to evaluate the prognostic value of the pathological ankle-brachial index (ABI) for the emergence of new vascular events in patients who have suffered a noncardioembolic stroke. Collected variables were as follows: vascular risk factors, mean waist perimeter, quantification of carotid IMT, characteristics of carotid plaques, ABI, and presence of microalbuminuria.', \"A total of 591 patients with a complete carotid evaluation were available. There was no correlation between ABI and IMT (Spearman's, p NS). Logistic regression revealed that pathological ABI correlated significantly only with internal carotid artery stenosis\\u2009greater than or equal to\\u200950% (OR [odds ratio] 2.80, 1.66-4.71, P\\u2009<\\u2009.01) and peripheral artery disease (OR 3.33, 1.63-6.78, P\\u2009<\\u2009.01). However, multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that carotid IMT was independently associated with age (OR 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.09, P\\u2009<\\u2009.01), hypertension (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.02-3.26, P\\u2009=\\u2009.04), waist circumference (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.05, P\\u2009<\\u2009.01), and microalbuminuria (OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.22-3.35, P\\u2009<\\u2009.01).\"], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Aged', 'Ankle Brachial Index', 'Carotid Artery, Internal', 'Carotid Intima-Media Thickness', 'Carotid Stenosis', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Odds Ratio', 'Peripheral Arterial Disease', 'Plaque, Atherosclerotic', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Spain', 'Stroke', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: no"
}
] |
26,860,821 |
Does a non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging-based model predict portal venous pressure?
|
{
"contexts": [
"To establish a non-invasive model for the assessment of portal venous pressure (PVP) based on the magnetic resonance (MR) parameters.",
"In this prospective study, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan was performed in 109 patients indicated for upper abdominal surgeries after their written consents were obtained, and intraoperative PVP measurements were completed in 92 patients. Altogether 17 patients were excluded for not undergoing surgery or unsuccessful catheterization. A linear model was constructed for estimating PVP levels in 56 patients and further validation was conducted in the other 36 patients.",
"The PVP levels were significantly correlated with MR parameters, including splenic volume (SV), splenic venous diameter (SVD), liver/splenic volume ratio, portal venous diameter, hepatic diameter, portal venous cross-sectional area, ascites, varices and arterial portal shunts. A linear model was established as follows: PVP (mmHg) = 2.529 + 1.572 × SVD (mm) + 0.231 × SV/body mass index (× 10(4) cm(5) /kg) + 3.44 × aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index. This model showed excellent accuracy in the detection of portal hypertension, with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.945 (95% CI 0.867-1.000), with the sensitivity and specificity of 91.7% and 93.7%, respectively. The agreement analysis revealed that the predictive value using this formula closely reflected the patients' actual PVP level. Moreover, the validation confirmed the accuracy of this model for the assessment of portal hypertension [AUROC 0.935 (95% CI 0.856-1.000)]."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Contrast Media",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Hypertension, Portal",
"Magnetic Resonance Imaging",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Models, Cardiovascular",
"Observer Variation",
"Portal Pressure",
"Portal Vein",
"Predictive Value of Tests",
"Prospective Studies",
"Reproducibility of Results",
"Sensitivity and Specificity",
"Spleen",
"Splenic Vein"
]
}
|
The MRI-based formula has great potential for detecting portal hypertension. As a non-invasive measurement, it may be clinically accepted for the replacement of invasive modalities after further refinement.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does a non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging-based model predict portal venous pressure?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To establish a non-invasive model for the assessment of portal venous pressure (PVP) based on the magnetic resonance (MR) parameters.', 'In this prospective study, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan was performed in 109 patients indicated for upper abdominal surgeries after their written consents were obtained, and intraoperative PVP measurements were completed in 92 patients. Altogether 17 patients were excluded for not undergoing surgery or unsuccessful catheterization. A linear model was constructed for estimating PVP levels in 56 patients and further validation was conducted in the other 36 patients.', \"The PVP levels were significantly correlated with MR parameters, including splenic volume (SV), splenic venous diameter (SVD), liver/splenic volume ratio, portal venous diameter, hepatic diameter, portal venous cross-sectional area, ascites, varices and arterial portal shunts. A linear model was established as follows: PVP (mmHg) = 2.529 + 1.572 × SVD (mm) + 0.231 × SV/body mass index (× 10(4) cm(5) /kg) + 3.44\\u2009×\\u2009aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index. This model showed excellent accuracy in the detection of portal hypertension, with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.945 (95% CI 0.867-1.000), with the sensitivity and specificity of 91.7% and 93.7%, respectively. The agreement analysis revealed that the predictive value using this formula closely reflected the patients' actual PVP level. Moreover, the validation confirmed the accuracy of this model for the assessment of portal hypertension [AUROC 0.935 (95% CI 0.856-1.000)].\"], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged', 'Contrast Media', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Portal', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Cardiovascular', 'Observer Variation', 'Portal Pressure', 'Portal Vein', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prospective Studies', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Spleen', 'Splenic Vein']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,857,210 |
Does foxO3 inactivation promote human cholangiocarcinoma tumorigenesis and chemoresistance through Keap1-Nrf2 signaling?
|
{
"contexts": [
"FoxO transcription factors have been reported to play pivotal roles in tumorigenesis and drug resistance. The mechanisms underlying the tumor suppression function of FoxOs in human cancers remain largely unknown. Aberrant expression and activation of Nrf2 often correlate with chemoresistance and poor prognosis. Here, we report that FoxO3 directs the basal transcription of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), an adaptor protein that bridges Nrf2 to Cul3 for degradation. FoxO3 depletion resulted in Keap1 down-regulation, thereby activating Nrf2 signaling. We further demonstrated that inhibition of the FoxO3-Keap1 axis accounts for Nrf2 induction and activation induced by constitutively active AKT signaling or tumor necrosis factor α treatment. Unlike previous findings, FoxO3 silencing led to decreased reactive oxygen species production, therefore protecting cells from oxidative stress-induced killing in an Nrf2-dependent manner. Importantly, FoxO3 deficiency strongly potentiated tumor formation in nude mice and rendered cholangiocarcinoma xenografts resistant to cisplatin-induced cell death by activating Nrf2. Additionally, we found that clinical cholangiocarcinoma samples displayed FoxO3-Keap1 down-regulation and Nrf2 hyperactivation, underscoring the essential roles of these proteins in cholangiocarcinoma development."
],
"labels": [
"UNLABELLED"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Bile Duct Neoplasms",
"Carcinogenesis",
"Cell Line, Tumor",
"Cholangiocarcinoma",
"Down-Regulation",
"Drug Resistance, Neoplasm",
"Female",
"Forkhead Box Protein O3",
"Gene Expression Regulation",
"Humans",
"Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1",
"Mice, Nude",
"NF-E2-Related Factor 2",
"Oxidative Stress",
"Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt",
"Random Allocation",
"Receptor Cross-Talk",
"Signal Transduction",
"Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha"
]
}
|
Our results unravel a unique mechanism underlying the tumor suppressor function of FoxO3 through constraining Nrf2 signaling. (Hepatology 2016;63:1914-1927).
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does foxO3 inactivation promote human cholangiocarcinoma tumorigenesis and chemoresistance through Keap1-Nrf2 signaling?\nContext: {'contexts': ['FoxO transcription factors have been reported to play pivotal roles in tumorigenesis and drug resistance. The mechanisms underlying the tumor suppression function of FoxOs in human cancers remain largely unknown. Aberrant expression and activation of Nrf2 often correlate with chemoresistance and poor prognosis. Here, we report that FoxO3 directs the basal transcription of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), an adaptor protein that bridges Nrf2 to Cul3 for degradation. FoxO3 depletion resulted in Keap1 down-regulation, thereby activating Nrf2 signaling. We further demonstrated that inhibition of the FoxO3-Keap1 axis accounts for Nrf2 induction and activation induced by constitutively active AKT signaling or tumor necrosis factor α treatment. Unlike previous findings, FoxO3 silencing led to decreased reactive oxygen species production, therefore protecting cells from oxidative stress-induced killing in an Nrf2-dependent manner. Importantly, FoxO3 deficiency strongly potentiated tumor formation in nude mice and rendered cholangiocarcinoma xenografts resistant to cisplatin-induced cell death by activating Nrf2. Additionally, we found that clinical cholangiocarcinoma samples displayed FoxO3-Keap1 down-regulation and Nrf2 hyperactivation, underscoring the essential roles of these proteins in cholangiocarcinoma development.'], 'labels': ['UNLABELLED'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Bile Duct Neoplasms', 'Carcinogenesis', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cholangiocarcinoma', 'Down-Regulation', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'Female', 'Forkhead Box Protein O3', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Humans', 'Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1', 'Mice, Nude', 'NF-E2-Related Factor 2', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Random Allocation', 'Receptor Cross-Talk', 'Signal Transduction', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,866,753 |
Does head-Elevated Patient Positioning decrease Complications of Emergent Tracheal Intubation in the Ward and Intensive Care Unit?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Based on the data from elective surgical patients, positioning patients in a back-up head-elevated position for preoxygenation and tracheal intubation can improve patient safety. However, data specific to the emergent setting are lacking. We hypothesized that back-up head-elevated positioning would be associated with a decrease in complications related to tracheal intubation in the emergency room environment.",
"This retrospective study was approved by the University of Washington Human Subjects Division (Seattle, WA). Eligible patients included all adults undergoing emergent tracheal intubation outside of the operating room by the anesthesiology-based airway service at 2 university-affiliated teaching hospitals. All intubations were through direct laryngoscopy for an indication other than full cardiopulmonary arrest. Patient characteristics and details of the intubation procedure were derived from the medical record. The primary study endpoint was the occurrence of a composite of any intubation-related complication: difficult intubation, hypoxemia, esophageal intubation, or pulmonary aspiration. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of the primary endpoint in the supine versus back-up head-elevated positions with adjustment for a priori-defined potential confounders (body mass index and a difficult intubation prediction score [Mallampati, obstructive sleep Apnea, Cervical mobility, mouth Opening, Coma, severe Hypoxemia, and intubation by a non-Anesthesiologist score]).",
"Five hundred twenty-eight patients were analyzed. Overall, at least 1 intubation-related complication occurred in 76 of 336 (22.6%) patients managed in the supine position compared with 18 of 192 (9.3%) patients managed in the back-up head-elevated position. After adjusting for body mass index and the Mallampati, obstructive sleep Apnea, Cervical mobility, mouth Opening, Coma, severe Hypoxemia, and intubation by a non-Anesthesiologist score, the odds of encountering the primary endpoint during an emergency tracheal intubation in a back-up head-elevated position was 0.47 (95% confidence interval, 0.26-0.83; P = 0.01)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Cohort Studies",
"Emergency Medical Services",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Intensive Care Units",
"Intubation, Intratracheal",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Patient Positioning",
"Retrospective Studies",
"Supine Position"
]
}
|
Placing patients in a back-up head-elevated position, compared with supine position, during emergency tracheal intubation was associated with a reduced odds of airway-related complications.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does head-Elevated Patient Positioning decrease Complications of Emergent Tracheal Intubation in the Ward and Intensive Care Unit?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Based on the data from elective surgical patients, positioning patients in a back-up head-elevated position for preoxygenation and tracheal intubation can improve patient safety. However, data specific to the emergent setting are lacking. We hypothesized that back-up head-elevated positioning would be associated with a decrease in complications related to tracheal intubation in the emergency room environment.', 'This retrospective study was approved by the University of Washington Human Subjects Division (Seattle, WA). Eligible patients included all adults undergoing emergent tracheal intubation outside of the operating room by the anesthesiology-based airway service at 2 university-affiliated teaching hospitals. All intubations were through direct laryngoscopy for an indication other than full cardiopulmonary arrest. Patient characteristics and details of the intubation procedure were derived from the medical record. The primary study endpoint was the occurrence of a composite of any intubation-related complication: difficult intubation, hypoxemia, esophageal intubation, or pulmonary aspiration. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of the primary endpoint in the supine versus back-up head-elevated positions with adjustment for a priori-defined potential confounders (body mass index and a difficult intubation prediction score [Mallampati, obstructive sleep Apnea, Cervical mobility, mouth Opening, Coma, severe Hypoxemia, and intubation by a non-Anesthesiologist score]).', 'Five hundred twenty-eight patients were analyzed. Overall, at least 1 intubation-related complication occurred in 76 of 336 (22.6%) patients managed in the supine position compared with 18 of 192 (9.3%) patients managed in the back-up head-elevated position. After adjusting for body mass index and the Mallampati, obstructive sleep Apnea, Cervical mobility, mouth Opening, Coma, severe Hypoxemia, and intubation by a non-Anesthesiologist score, the odds of encountering the primary endpoint during an emergency tracheal intubation in a back-up head-elevated position was 0.47 (95% confidence interval, 0.26-0.83; P = 0.01).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cohort Studies', 'Emergency Medical Services', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Intubation, Intratracheal', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Positioning', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Supine Position']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,850,822 |
Does joint instability lead to long-term alterations to knee synovium and osteoarthritis in a rabbit model?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Joint instability is believed to promote early osteoarthritic changes in the knee. Inflammatory reactions are associated with cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis (OA) but their possible synergistic or additive effects remain largely unexplored. The goal of the present study was to investigate the in vivo effects of Botulinum Toxin A (BTX-A) induced joint instability on intraarticular alterations in an otherwise intact rabbit knee joint model.",
"Ten 1-year-old female New Zealand White rabbits (average 5.7 kg, range 4.8-6.6 kg) were randomly assigned to receive three monthly unilateral intramuscular injections of BTX-A (experimental group), or no treatment (control group). After 90 days, all knees were analyzed for specific mRNA levels using RT-qPCR. The synovium and cartilage tissue was assessed for histological alterations using the OARSI scoring system.",
"Cartilage and synovial histology showed significant higher OARSI scores in the BTX-A group animals compared to the untreated controls and contralateral limbs. There were no differences between the untreated control and the contralateral experimental limbs. Gene expression showed significant elevations for collagen I, collagen III, nitric oxide, TGF-β, IL-1 and IL-6 compared to the healthy controls."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Cartilage, Articular",
"Female",
"Interleukin-1",
"Joint Instability",
"Knee Joint",
"Osteoarthritis",
"Osteoarthritis, Knee",
"Rabbits",
"Synovial Membrane"
]
}
|
BTX-A induced joint instability in a muscle weakness model uniquely leads to alterations in gene expression and histological changes in the synovial membranes and cartilage in otherwise intact knee joints. These results lead to the conclusion that joint instability may promote an inflammatory intraarticular milieu, thereby contributing to the development of OA.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does joint instability lead to long-term alterations to knee synovium and osteoarthritis in a rabbit model?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Joint instability is believed to promote early osteoarthritic changes in the knee. Inflammatory reactions are associated with cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis (OA) but their possible synergistic or additive effects remain largely unexplored. The goal of the present study was to investigate the in\\xa0vivo effects of Botulinum Toxin A (BTX-A) induced joint instability on intraarticular alterations in an otherwise intact rabbit knee joint model.', 'Ten 1-year-old female New Zealand White rabbits (average 5.7\\xa0kg, range 4.8-6.6\\xa0kg) were randomly assigned to receive three monthly unilateral intramuscular injections of BTX-A (experimental group), or no treatment (control group). After 90\\xa0days, all knees were analyzed for specific mRNA levels using RT-qPCR. The synovium and cartilage tissue was assessed for histological alterations using the OARSI scoring system.', 'Cartilage and synovial histology showed significant higher OARSI scores in the BTX-A group animals compared to the untreated controls and contralateral limbs. There were no differences between the untreated control and the contralateral experimental limbs. Gene expression showed significant elevations for collagen I, collagen III, nitric oxide, TGF-β, IL-1 and IL-6 compared to the healthy controls.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Cartilage, Articular', 'Female', 'Interleukin-1', 'Joint Instability', 'Knee Joint', 'Osteoarthritis', 'Osteoarthritis, Knee', 'Rabbits', 'Synovial Membrane']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,855,586 |
Are high levels of EGFR expression in tumor stroma associated with aggressive clinical features in epithelial ovarian cancer?
|
{
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance and biological function of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expressed in tumor stroma of epithelial ovarian cancer.",
"Immunohistological staining of EGFR was evaluated in 242 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. The correlations of EGFR expression in tumor stroma with clinicopathological features and with the expression level of Ki-67 were analyzed by SPSS software. Kaplan-Meier analysis and the Cox proportional hazard model were used to analyze the effect of EGFR expression in tumor stroma on the prognosis of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Meanwhile, the activities of proliferation and migration of tumor cells were detected when EGFR overexpressed in stroma cells.",
"EGFR expression in tumor stroma correlated significantly with clinical stage (χ (2)=7.002, P=0.008) and distant metastases (χ (2)=16.59, P<0.001). Furthermore, there was a significantly positive correlation between the level of EGFR expressed in tumor stroma and the level of Ki-67 expressed in tumor cells (χ (2)=6.120, P=0.013). Patients with high EGFR expression level in tumor stroma showed poor survival (P=0.002). Multivariate analysis showed that high expression of EGFR in tumor stroma was an independent predictor for epithelial ovarian cancer patients (hazard ratio =1.703; 95% confidence interval 1.125-2.578, P=0.012). Furthermore, stroma cells overexpressing EGFR could promote the proliferation and migration of adjacent tumor cells."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
}
|
High expression of EGFR in tumor stroma correlates with aggressive clinical features in epithelial ovarian cancer, and is an independent prognostic factor.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Are high levels of EGFR expression in tumor stroma associated with aggressive clinical features in epithelial ovarian cancer?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance and biological function of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expressed in tumor stroma of epithelial ovarian cancer.', 'Immunohistological staining of EGFR was evaluated in 242 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. The correlations of EGFR expression in tumor stroma with clinicopathological features and with the expression level of Ki-67 were analyzed by SPSS software. Kaplan-Meier analysis and the Cox proportional hazard model were used to analyze the effect of EGFR expression in tumor stroma on the prognosis of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Meanwhile, the activities of proliferation and migration of tumor cells were detected when EGFR overexpressed in stroma cells.', 'EGFR expression in tumor stroma correlated significantly with clinical stage (χ (2)=7.002, P=0.008) and distant metastases (χ (2)=16.59, P<0.001). Furthermore, there was a significantly positive correlation between the level of EGFR expressed in tumor stroma and the level of Ki-67 expressed in tumor cells (χ (2)=6.120, P=0.013). Patients with high EGFR expression level in tumor stroma showed poor survival (P=0.002). Multivariate analysis showed that high expression of EGFR in tumor stroma was an independent predictor for epithelial ovarian cancer patients (hazard ratio =1.703; 95% confidence interval 1.125-2.578, P=0.012). Furthermore, stroma cells overexpressing EGFR could promote the proliferation and migration of adjacent tumor cells.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,853,811 |
Is annual decline in forced expiratory volume steeper in aluminum potroom workers than in workers without exposure to potroom fumes?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Aluminum potroom exposure is associated with increased mortality of COPD but the association between potroom exposure and annual decline in lung function is unknown. We have measured lung volumes annually using spirometry from 1986 to 1996. The objective was to compare annual decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (dFEV1) and forced vital capacity (dFVC).",
"The number of aluminum potroom workers was 4,546 (81% males) and the number of workers in the reference group was 651 (76% males). The number of spirometries in the index group and the references were 24,060 and 2,243, respectively.",
"After adjustment for confounders, the difference in dFEV1 and dFVC between the index and reference groups were 13.5 (P < 0.001) and -8.0 (P = 0.060) ml/year."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Air Pollutants, Occupational",
"Aluminum",
"Female",
"Forced Expiratory Volume",
"Humans",
"Lung",
"Lung Diseases",
"Male",
"Metallurgy",
"Middle Aged",
"Norway",
"Occupational Diseases",
"Occupational Exposure",
"Prospective Studies",
"Spirometry",
"Vital Capacity"
]
}
|
Aluminum potroom operators have increased annual decline in FEV1 relative to a comparable group with non-exposure to potroom fumes and gases.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is annual decline in forced expiratory volume steeper in aluminum potroom workers than in workers without exposure to potroom fumes?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Aluminum potroom exposure is associated with increased mortality of COPD but the association between potroom exposure and annual decline in lung function is unknown. We have measured lung volumes annually using spirometry from 1986 to 1996. The objective was to compare annual decline in forced expiratory volume in 1\\u2009s (dFEV1) and forced vital capacity (dFVC).', 'The number of aluminum potroom workers was 4,546 (81% males) and the number of workers in the reference group was 651 (76% males). The number of spirometries in the index group and the references were 24,060 and 2,243, respectively.', 'After adjustment for confounders, the difference in dFEV1 and dFVC between the index and reference groups were 13.5 (P\\u2009<\\u20090.001) and -8.0 (P\\u2009=\\u20090.060)\\u2009ml/year.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Air Pollutants, Occupational', 'Aluminum', 'Female', 'Forced Expiratory Volume', 'Humans', 'Lung', 'Lung Diseases', 'Male', 'Metallurgy', 'Middle Aged', 'Norway', 'Occupational Diseases', 'Occupational Exposure', 'Prospective Studies', 'Spirometry', 'Vital Capacity']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,864,529 |
Does a simple heated-capillary modification improve the analysis of non-covalent complexes by Z-spray electrospray ionization?
|
{
"contexts": [
"The observation of intact non-covalent complexes by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) hinges on the ability to minimize in-source activation processes that take place during analyte desolvation. We explored the merits of replacing the sampling cone of a standard Z-spray source with a heated capillary that makes the desolvation process slower and more gradual. We employed well-characterized protein-RNA, RNA-RNA, and DNA-DNA assemblies to compare the alternative configurations.",
"Mass analysis evaluated the integrity of the complexes, whereas traveling wave ion mobility experiments assessed the stability of biomolecular structure. Analyses were performed back-to-back on the same samples on a Synapt G2 HDMS equipped with either the standard sampling cone or the heated-capillary apparatus. In each configuration, the source/capillary temperature was varied in controlled fashion, while keeping all other desolvation parameters constant to monitor the in-source dissociation of selected DNA duplexes. Ion mobility data were obtained from the same precursor by using the alternative configurations under the same settings.",
"Monitoring the percentage of associated complex demonstrated that the heated capillary provided softer desolvation that was more conducive to the detection of intact non-covalent interactions. This configuration failed to produce complete dissociation of 14 bp and 24 bp duplexes, even when the source/capillary temperature was increased well above their solution melting points. Analyzed by IMS-MS, a selected construct displayed just one conformation with the heated capillary, but two with the standard sampling cone."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Equipment Design",
"Hot Temperature",
"Nucleic Acids",
"Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization"
]
}
|
The heated capillary minimizes in-source activation processes that can lead to unintended dissociation of complexes and perturbation of biomolecular structure, which rely on the integrity of non-covalent interactions. This effect can be attributed to the attenuation of the supersonic expansion typical of the Z-spray geometry and the greater ability to control the energy imparted to the system. This hardware modification will be expected to benefit the analysis of biomolecular structure performed on this particular instrumental platform.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does a simple heated-capillary modification improve the analysis of non-covalent complexes by Z-spray electrospray ionization?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The observation of intact non-covalent complexes by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) hinges on the ability to minimize in-source activation processes that take place during analyte desolvation. We explored the merits of replacing the sampling cone of a standard Z-spray source with a heated capillary that makes the desolvation process slower and more gradual. We employed well-characterized protein-RNA, RNA-RNA, and DNA-DNA assemblies to compare the alternative configurations.', 'Mass analysis evaluated the integrity of the complexes, whereas traveling wave ion mobility experiments assessed the stability of biomolecular structure. Analyses were performed back-to-back on the same samples on a Synapt G2 HDMS equipped with either the standard sampling cone or the heated-capillary apparatus. In each configuration, the source/capillary temperature was varied in controlled fashion, while keeping all other desolvation parameters constant to monitor the in-source dissociation of selected DNA duplexes. Ion mobility data were obtained from the same precursor by using the alternative configurations under the same settings.', 'Monitoring the percentage of associated complex demonstrated that the heated capillary provided softer desolvation that was more conducive to the detection of intact non-covalent interactions. This configuration failed to produce complete dissociation of 14\\u2009bp and 24\\u2009bp duplexes, even when the source/capillary temperature was increased well above their solution melting points. Analyzed by IMS-MS, a selected construct displayed just one conformation with the heated capillary, but two with the standard sampling cone.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Equipment Design', 'Hot Temperature', 'Nucleic Acids', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,878,816 |
Does initial varus displacement of proximal humerus fractures result in similar function but higher complication rates?
|
{
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effect of initial varus or valgus surgical neck alignment on outcomes of patients who sustained proximal humerus fractures treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF).",
"An institutional review board approved database of proximal humerus fractures treated with locked plates was reviewed. Of 185 fractures in the database, 101 fractures were identified and met inclusion criteria. Initial varus displacement was seen in 47 fractures (OTA types 11.A2.2, A3.1, A3.3, B1.2, B2.2, C1.2, C2.2, or C2.3) and initial valgus displacement was observed in 54 fractures (OTA types 11.A2.3, B1.1, C1.1, or C2.1). All patients were treated in a similar manner and examined by the treating physician at standard intervals. Functional outcomes were quantified via the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire and physical examination data at 12 months. Radiographs were reviewed for complications of healing. Additionally, complication rate and reoperation rate were investigated.",
"Patients who presented with initial varus displacement had an average age of 59.3 years, while patients in the valgus group had an average age of 62.4 years. Overall, there was no statistically significant difference in age, sex distribution, BMI, fracture parts, screws used, or implant plate type between the two groups. At a minimum 12 months follow up, there was no significant difference in DASH scores between those presenting with varus versus valgus fracture patterns. In addition, no significant differences were seen in final shoulder range of motion in any plane. Overall, 30 patients included in this study developed a complication. A significantly greater number of patients in the initial varus cohort developed complications (40.4%), as compared to 20.3% of patients in the initial valgus cohort (P=0.03). Fourteen patients in this study underwent reoperation. Nine of these patients were in the varus cohort, while 5 were in the valgus cohort (P=0.15)."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Bone Plates",
"Female",
"Fracture Fixation, Internal",
"Fracture Healing",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Postoperative Complications",
"Range of Motion, Articular",
"Reoperation",
"Shoulder Fractures",
"Tomography, X-Ray Computed",
"Treatment Outcome",
"United States"
]
}
|
In this study, initial surgical neck displacement in varus or valgus was found to not significantly affect functional outcome. Based upon our findings, patients with varus displaced proximal humerus fractures are at a greater risk of developing postoperative complications than those who present with initial valgus displaced fracture patterns.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does initial varus displacement of proximal humerus fractures result in similar function but higher complication rates?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To investigate the effect of initial varus or valgus surgical neck alignment on outcomes of patients who sustained proximal humerus fractures treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF).', 'An institutional review board approved database of proximal humerus fractures treated with locked plates was reviewed. Of 185 fractures in the database, 101 fractures were identified and met inclusion criteria. Initial varus displacement was seen in 47 fractures (OTA types 11.A2.2, A3.1, A3.3, B1.2, B2.2, C1.2, C2.2, or C2.3) and initial valgus displacement was observed in 54 fractures (OTA types 11.A2.3, B1.1, C1.1, or C2.1). All patients were treated in a similar manner and examined by the treating physician at standard intervals. Functional outcomes were quantified via the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire and physical examination data at 12 months. Radiographs were reviewed for complications of healing. Additionally, complication rate and reoperation rate were investigated.', 'Patients who presented with initial varus displacement had an average age of 59.3 years, while patients in the valgus group had an average age of 62.4 years. Overall, there was no statistically significant difference in age, sex distribution, BMI, fracture parts, screws used, or implant plate type between the two groups. At a minimum 12 months follow up, there was no significant difference in DASH scores between those presenting with varus versus valgus fracture patterns. In addition, no significant differences were seen in final shoulder range of motion in any plane. Overall, 30 patients included in this study developed a complication. A significantly greater number of patients in the initial varus cohort developed complications (40.4%), as compared to 20.3% of patients in the initial valgus cohort (P=0.03). Fourteen patients in this study underwent reoperation. Nine of these patients were in the varus cohort, while 5 were in the valgus cohort (P=0.15).'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Bone Plates', 'Female', 'Fracture Fixation, Internal', 'Fracture Healing', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Reoperation', 'Shoulder Fractures', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Treatment Outcome', 'United States']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,876,946 |
Does a Human Open Field Test reveal Thigmotaxis Related to Agoraphobic Fear?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Thigmotaxis refers to a specific behavior of animals (i.e., to stay close to walls when exploring an open space). Such behavior can be assessed with the open field test (OFT), which is a well-established indicator of animal fear. The detection of similar open field behavior in humans may verify the translational validity of this paradigm. Enhanced thigmotaxis related to anxiety may suggest the relevance of such behavior for anxiety disorders, especially agoraphobia.",
"A global positioning system was used to analyze the behavior of 16 patients with agoraphobia and 18 healthy individuals with a risk for agoraphobia (i.e., high anxiety sensitivity) during a human OFT and compare it with appropriate control groups (n = 16 and n = 19). We also tracked 17 patients with agoraphobia and 17 control participants during a city walk that involved walking through an open market square.",
"Our human OFT triggered thigmotaxis in participants; patients with agoraphobia and participants with high anxiety sensitivity exhibited enhanced thigmotaxis. This behavior was evident in increased movement lengths along the wall of the natural open field and fewer entries into the center of the field despite normal movement speed and length. Furthermore, participants avoided passing through the market square during the city walk, indicating again that thigmotaxis is related to agoraphobia."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adolescent",
"Adult",
"Agoraphobia",
"Anxiety",
"Avoidance Learning",
"Exploratory Behavior",
"Fear",
"Female",
"Geographic Information Systems",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Neuropsychological Tests",
"Panic Disorder",
"Spatial Behavior",
"Spatial Navigation",
"Young Adult"
]
}
|
This study is the first to our knowledge to verify the translational validity of the OFT and to reveal that thigmotaxis, an evolutionarily adaptive behavior shown by most species, is related to agoraphobia, a pathologic fear of open spaces, and anxiety sensitivity, a risk factor for agoraphobia.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does a Human Open Field Test reveal Thigmotaxis Related to Agoraphobic Fear?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Thigmotaxis refers to a specific behavior of animals (i.e., to stay close to walls when exploring an open space). Such behavior can be assessed with the open field test (OFT), which is a well-established indicator of animal fear. The detection of similar open field behavior in humans may verify the translational validity of this paradigm. Enhanced thigmotaxis related to anxiety may suggest the relevance of such behavior for anxiety disorders, especially agoraphobia.', 'A global positioning system was used to analyze the behavior of 16 patients with agoraphobia and 18 healthy individuals with a risk for agoraphobia (i.e., high anxiety sensitivity) during a human OFT and compare it with appropriate control groups (n = 16 and n = 19). We also tracked 17 patients with agoraphobia and 17 control participants during a city walk that involved walking through an open market square.', 'Our human OFT triggered thigmotaxis in participants; patients with agoraphobia and participants with high anxiety sensitivity exhibited enhanced thigmotaxis. This behavior was evident in increased movement lengths along the wall of the natural open field and fewer entries into the center of the field despite normal movement speed and length. Furthermore, participants avoided passing through the market square during the city walk, indicating again that thigmotaxis is related to agoraphobia.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Agoraphobia', 'Anxiety', 'Avoidance Learning', 'Exploratory Behavior', 'Fear', 'Female', 'Geographic Information Systems', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Panic Disorder', 'Spatial Behavior', 'Spatial Navigation', 'Young Adult']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,851,722 |
Does fetal thymus size in human pregnancies reveal inverse association with regulatory T cell frequencies in cord blood?
|
{
"contexts": [
"To determine fetal thymus growth and its relationship with fetal weight and cord blood T-regulatory cells in a prospective study. Assessment of fetal immune organs by ultrasound could provide a screening approach to identify fetuses at risk of impaired postnatal immunity.",
"Thymus size was measured with four ultrasound techniques. The approaches with lowest coefficient of variation (thymus transverse diameter, 3 vessel edge) were used to longitudinally assess fetal and thymus growth in 137 cases at four time points between a gestational age (GA) of 13 and 37 weeks. Cord blood at birth was analyzed by flow-cytometry to evaluate the frequency of regulatory T (Treg) cells."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"UNASSIGNED"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Female",
"Fetal Blood",
"Fetal Weight",
"Fetus",
"Humans",
"Organ Size",
"Pregnancy",
"Prospective Studies",
"T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory",
"Thymus Gland"
]
}
|
Fetal thymus growth is significantly correlated with fetal weight (GA 23-25 weeks r=0.40, p<0.01; GA 28-30 weeks r=0.21, p=0.04, GA 35-37 weeks r=0.56, p<0.01). We observed an inverse correlation between fetal thymus size at GA 23-25 weeks and cord blood Treg cells (r=0.37, p=0.01). Thymus growth occurs in a linear fashion throughout pregnancy and can be reliably measured using ultrasound. Our findings of an inverse correlation between thymus growth and Treg cells in cord blood suggests a link between fetal growth, thymus development and immune-status at birth.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does fetal thymus size in human pregnancies reveal inverse association with regulatory T cell frequencies in cord blood?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To determine fetal thymus growth and its relationship with fetal weight and cord blood T-regulatory cells in a prospective study. Assessment of fetal immune organs by ultrasound could provide a screening approach to identify fetuses at risk of impaired postnatal immunity.', 'Thymus size was measured with four ultrasound techniques. The approaches with lowest coefficient of variation (thymus transverse diameter, 3 vessel edge) were used to longitudinally assess fetal and thymus growth in 137 cases at four time points between a gestational age (GA) of 13 and 37 weeks. Cord blood at birth was analyzed by flow-cytometry to evaluate the frequency of regulatory T (Treg) cells.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'UNASSIGNED'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Female', 'Fetal Blood', 'Fetal Weight', 'Fetus', 'Humans', 'Organ Size', 'Pregnancy', 'Prospective Studies', 'T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory', 'Thymus Gland']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,871,560 |
Does distribution of Dengue Virus type 1 and 4 in Blood Components from Infected Blood Donors from Puerto Rico?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease caused by the four dengue viruses (DENV-1 to 4) that can also be transmitted by blood transfusion and organ transplantation. The distribution of DENV in the components of blood from infected donors is poorly understood.",
"We used an in-house TaqMan qRT-PCR assay to test residual samples of plasma, cellular components of whole blood (CCWB), serum and clot specimens from the same collection from blood donors who were DENV-RNA-reactive in a parallel blood safety study. To assess whether DENV RNA detected by TaqMan was associated with infectious virus, DENV infectivity in available samples was determined by culture in mosquito cells.",
"DENV RNA was detected by TaqMan in all tested blood components, albeit more consistently in the cellular components; 78.8% of CCWB, 73.3% of clots, 86.7% of sera and 41.8% of plasma samples. DENV-1 was detected in 48 plasma and 97 CCWB samples while DENV-4 was detected in 21 plasma and 31 CCWB samples. In mosquito cell cultures, 29/111 (26.1%) plasma and 32/97 (32.7%) CCWB samples were infectious. A subset of samples from 29 donors was separately analyzed to compare DENV viral loads in the available blood components. DENV viral loads did not differ significantly between components and ranged from 3-8 log10 PCR-detectable units/ml."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Blood Donors",
"Culicidae",
"Dengue",
"Dengue Virus",
"Humans",
"Puerto Rico",
"RNA, Viral"
]
}
|
DENV was present in all tested components from most donors, and viral RNA was not preferentially distributed in any of the tested components. Infectious DENV was also present in similar proportions in cultured plasma, clot and CCWB samples, indicating that these components may serve as a resource when sample sizes are limited. However, these results suggest that the sensitivity of the nucleic acid tests (NAT) for these viruses would not be improved by testing whole blood or components other than plasma.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does distribution of Dengue Virus type 1 and 4 in Blood Components from Infected Blood Donors from Puerto Rico?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease caused by the four dengue viruses (DENV-1 to 4) that can also be transmitted by blood transfusion and organ transplantation. The distribution of DENV in the components of blood from infected donors is poorly understood.', 'We used an in-house TaqMan qRT-PCR assay to test residual samples of plasma, cellular components of whole blood (CCWB), serum and clot specimens from the same collection from blood donors who were DENV-RNA-reactive in a parallel blood safety study. To assess whether DENV RNA detected by TaqMan was associated with infectious virus, DENV infectivity in available samples was determined by culture in mosquito cells.', 'DENV RNA was detected by TaqMan in all tested blood components, albeit more consistently in the cellular components; 78.8% of CCWB, 73.3% of clots, 86.7% of sera and 41.8% of plasma samples. DENV-1 was detected in 48 plasma and 97 CCWB samples while DENV-4 was detected in 21 plasma and 31 CCWB samples. In mosquito cell cultures, 29/111 (26.1%) plasma and 32/97 (32.7%) CCWB samples were infectious. A subset of samples from 29 donors was separately analyzed to compare DENV viral loads in the available blood components. DENV viral loads did not differ significantly between components and ranged from 3-8 log10 PCR-detectable units/ml.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Blood Donors', 'Culicidae', 'Dengue', 'Dengue Virus', 'Humans', 'Puerto Rico', 'RNA, Viral']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,869,829 |
Does upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 by ginsenoside Ro attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in macrophage cells?
|
{
"contexts": [
"The beneficial effects of ginsenoside species have been well demonstrated in a number of studies. However, the function of ginsenoside Ro (GRo), an oleanane-type saponin, has not been sufficiently investigated. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of GRo in vitro using the Raw 264.7 mouse macrophage cell line treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and to clarify the possible mechanism of GRo involving heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which itself plays a critical role in self-defense in the presence of inflammatory stress.",
"Raw 264.7 cells were pretreated with GRo (up to 200μM) for 1 h before treatment with 1 μg/mL LPS, and both cell viability and inflammatory markers involving HO-1 were evaluated.",
"GRo significantly increased cell viability in a dose dependent manner following treatment with LPS, and decreased levels of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide. GRo decreased inflammatory cytokines such as nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 induced by LPS. Moreover, GRo increased the expression of HO-1 in a dose dependent manner. Cotreatment of GRo with tin protoporphyrin IX, a selective inhibitor of HO-1, not only inhibited upregulation of HO-1 induced by GRo, but also reversed the anti-inflammatory effect of GRo in LPS treated Raw 264.7 cells."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
}
|
GRo induces anti-inflammatory effects following treatment with LPS via upregulation of HO-1.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 by ginsenoside Ro attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in macrophage cells?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The beneficial effects of ginsenoside species have been well demonstrated in a number of studies. However, the function of ginsenoside Ro (GRo), an oleanane-type saponin, has not been sufficiently investigated. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of GRo in\\xa0vitro using the Raw 264.7 mouse macrophage cell line treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and to clarify the possible mechanism of GRo involving heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which itself plays a critical role in self-defense in the presence of inflammatory stress.', 'Raw 264.7 cells were pretreated with GRo (up to 200μM) for 1\\xa0h before treatment with 1\\xa0μg/mL LPS, and both cell viability and inflammatory markers involving HO-1 were evaluated.', 'GRo significantly increased cell viability in a dose dependent manner following treatment with LPS, and decreased levels of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide. GRo decreased inflammatory cytokines such as nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 induced by LPS. Moreover, GRo increased the expression of HO-1 in a dose dependent manner. Cotreatment of GRo with tin protoporphyrin IX, a selective inhibitor of HO-1, not only inhibited upregulation of HO-1 induced by GRo, but also reversed the anti-inflammatory effect of GRo in LPS treated Raw 264.7 cells.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,863,007 |
Do personality Traits of Suicidality Are Associated with Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder in a Suicidal Women Sample?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Both Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) might increase the risk of suicidal behavior. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between personality dimensions specifically involved in suicidal vulnerability and PMS/PMDD.",
"We collected data from 232 women consecutively hospitalized after a suicide attempt. We examined the relationship between impulsivity, aggressiveness/hostility, hopelessness, trait anger, affect intensity, emotional lability, and PMS/PMDD. Notably, we created an algorithm from the shortened Premenstrual Assessment form in order to assess PMDD status.",
"The proportions of PMS and PMDD among female suicide attempters were 50% and 23% respectively. Women with PMS or PMDD were more likely to endorse most of these personality traits to than those without even after controlling for potential confounders. We found an impulsive-aggressive pattern of personality in women with PMS or PMDD, independently from the time of the menstrual cycle. Interestingly, trait anger remained associated with both PMS and PMDD independently of every other personality traits. The higher the anger level, the higher the risk was to suffer from both PMS and PMDD."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adolescent",
"Adult",
"Affect",
"Algorithms",
"Anger",
"Cross-Sectional Studies",
"Diagnostic Self Evaluation",
"Educational Status",
"Emotions",
"Female",
"France",
"Hostility",
"Humans",
"Impulsive Behavior",
"Middle Aged",
"Personality",
"Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder",
"Premenstrual Syndrome",
"Self-Injurious Behavior",
"Severity of Illness Index",
"Suicidal Ideation",
"Suicide, Attempted",
"Surveys and Questionnaires",
"Violence",
"Young Adult"
]
}
|
This study demonstrates a strong, independent association between PMS/PMDD and trait anger among a representative sample of female suicide attempters. It is of major interest for clinicians in view of addressing a substantial public health problem among women of reproductive age.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do personality Traits of Suicidality Are Associated with Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder in a Suicidal Women Sample?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Both Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) might increase the risk of suicidal behavior. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between personality dimensions specifically involved in suicidal vulnerability and PMS/PMDD.', 'We collected data from 232 women consecutively hospitalized after a suicide attempt. We examined the relationship between impulsivity, aggressiveness/hostility, hopelessness, trait anger, affect intensity, emotional lability, and PMS/PMDD. Notably, we created an algorithm from the shortened Premenstrual Assessment form in order to assess PMDD status.', 'The proportions of PMS and PMDD among female suicide attempters were 50% and 23% respectively. Women with PMS or PMDD were more likely to endorse most of these personality traits to than those without even after controlling for potential confounders. We found an impulsive-aggressive pattern of personality in women with PMS or PMDD, independently from the time of the menstrual cycle. Interestingly, trait anger remained associated with both PMS and PMDD independently of every other personality traits. The higher the anger level, the higher the risk was to suffer from both PMS and PMDD.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Affect', 'Algorithms', 'Anger', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diagnostic Self Evaluation', 'Educational Status', 'Emotions', 'Female', 'France', 'Hostility', 'Humans', 'Impulsive Behavior', 'Middle Aged', 'Personality', 'Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder', 'Premenstrual Syndrome', 'Self-Injurious Behavior', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Suicidal Ideation', 'Suicide, Attempted', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Violence', 'Young Adult']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,848,890 |
Does genetic Variant in ACVR2B be Associated with Lean Mass?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Low lean mass (LM) is a risk factor for chronic disease, a major cause of disability and diminished quality of life, and is a heritable trait. However, relatively few specific genetic factors have been identified as potentially influencing this trait.",
"In this study, we selected 1493 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in 155 candidate genes involved in anabolic, catabolic, growth hormone, and other related pathways and examined their association with LM, assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, in a sample of 2760 non-Hispanic and Hispanic white postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) Observational Study. We assessed the replication of our top findings in a meta-analysis of 20 genome-wide association studies (n = 38,292) conducted by the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium Musculoskeletal Working Group.",
"We identified 32 SNPs that had nominally significant associations with LM in the WHI cohort. In the replication stage, we find that SNP rs2276541 in the activin A receptor, type IIB (ACVR2B), was significantly associated with LM (β = 0.15, P = 2.17 × 10). ACVR2B codes for a receptor for a negative regulator of skeletal muscle, myostatin, and has previously been identified in a candidate gene study as a determinant of skeletal muscle mass."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Activin Receptors, Type II",
"Aged",
"Alleles",
"Body Composition",
"Body Mass Index",
"Female",
"Genotype",
"Humans",
"Middle Aged",
"Muscle, Skeletal",
"Phenotype",
"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide",
"Risk Factors"
]
}
|
Our findings support a previously proposed role of ACVR2B allelic variation as a determinant of muscle mass and extend prior findings in men and women. Additional large-scale studies will be needed to confirm our findings in different populations.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does genetic Variant in ACVR2B be Associated with Lean Mass?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Low lean mass (LM) is a risk factor for chronic disease, a major cause of disability and diminished quality of life, and is a heritable trait. However, relatively few specific genetic factors have been identified as potentially influencing this trait.', \"In this study, we selected 1493 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in 155 candidate genes involved in anabolic, catabolic, growth hormone, and other related pathways and examined their association with LM, assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, in a sample of 2760 non-Hispanic and Hispanic white postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) Observational Study. We assessed the replication of our top findings in a meta-analysis of 20 genome-wide association studies (n = 38,292) conducted by the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium Musculoskeletal Working Group.\", 'We identified 32 SNPs that had nominally significant associations with LM in the WHI cohort. In the replication stage, we find that SNP rs2276541 in the activin A receptor, type IIB (ACVR2B), was significantly associated with LM (β = 0.15, P = 2.17 × 10). ACVR2B codes for a receptor for a negative regulator of skeletal muscle, myostatin, and has previously been identified in a candidate gene study as a determinant of skeletal muscle mass.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Activin Receptors, Type II', 'Aged', 'Alleles', 'Body Composition', 'Body Mass Index', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Phenotype', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Risk Factors']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,873,329 |
Does rhoA/Rho-kinase activation promote lung fibrosis in an animal model of systemic sclerosis?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective-tissue disease characterized by vascular injury, immune-system disorders, and excessive fibrosis of the skin and multiple internal organs. Recent reports found that RhoA/Rho-kinase (ROCK) pathway is implicated in various fibrogenic diseases. Intradermal injection of hypochlorous acid (HOCl)-generating solution induced inflammation, autoimmune activation, and fibrosis, mimicking the cutaneous diffuse form of SSc in humans. Our study aimed firstly to describe pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis induced by HOCl in mice, and secondly to determine whether fasudil, a selective inhibitor of ROCK, could prevent lung and skin fibroses in HOCl-injected mice.",
"Female C57BL/6 mice received daily intradermal injection of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) for 6 weeks to induce SSc, with and without daily treatment with fasudil (30 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1)) by oral gavage.",
"HOCl intoxication induced significant lung inflammation (macrophages and neutrophils infiltration), and fibrosis. These modifications were prevented by fasudil treatment. Simultaneously, HOCl enhanced ROCK activity in lung and skin tissues. Inhibition of ROCK reduced skin fibrosis, expression of α-smooth-muscle actin and 3-nitrotyrosine, as well as the activity of ROCK in the fibrotic skin of HOCl-treated mice, through inhibition of phosphorylation of Smad2/3 and ERK1/2. Fasudil significantly decreased the serum levels of anti-DNA-topoisomerase-1 antibodies in mice with HOCl-induced SSc."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine",
"Actins",
"Animals",
"Disease Models, Animal",
"Female",
"Hypochlorous Acid",
"Lung",
"MAP Kinase Signaling System",
"Mice",
"Mice, Inbred C57BL",
"Pneumonia",
"Pulmonary Fibrosis",
"Scleroderma, Systemic",
"Skin",
"Smad2 Protein",
"Smad3 Protein",
"Tyrosine",
"rho-Associated Kinases"
]
}
|
Our findings confirm HOCl-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in mice, and provide further evidence for a key role of RhoA/ROCK pathway in several pathological processes of experimental SSc. Fasudil could be a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of SSc.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does rhoA/Rho-kinase activation promote lung fibrosis in an animal model of systemic sclerosis?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective-tissue disease characterized by vascular injury, immune-system disorders, and excessive fibrosis of the skin and multiple internal organs. Recent reports found that RhoA/Rho-kinase (ROCK) pathway is implicated in various fibrogenic diseases. Intradermal injection of hypochlorous acid (HOCl)-generating solution induced inflammation, autoimmune activation, and fibrosis, mimicking the cutaneous diffuse form of SSc in humans. Our study aimed firstly to describe pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis induced by HOCl in mice, and secondly to determine whether fasudil, a selective inhibitor of ROCK, could prevent lung and skin fibroses in HOCl-injected mice.', 'Female C57BL/6 mice received daily intradermal injection of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) for 6 weeks to induce SSc, with and without daily treatment with fasudil (30\\xa0mg·kg(-1)·day(-1)) by oral gavage.', 'HOCl intoxication induced significant lung inflammation (macrophages and neutrophils infiltration), and fibrosis. These modifications were prevented by fasudil treatment. Simultaneously, HOCl enhanced ROCK activity in lung and skin tissues. Inhibition of ROCK reduced skin fibrosis, expression of α-smooth-muscle actin and 3-nitrotyrosine, as well as the activity of ROCK in the fibrotic skin of HOCl-treated mice, through inhibition of phosphorylation of Smad2/3 and ERK1/2. Fasudil significantly decreased the serum levels of anti-DNA-topoisomerase-1 antibodies in mice with HOCl-induced SSc.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine', 'Actins', 'Animals', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'Hypochlorous Acid', 'Lung', 'MAP Kinase Signaling System', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Pneumonia', 'Pulmonary Fibrosis', 'Scleroderma, Systemic', 'Skin', 'Smad2 Protein', 'Smad3 Protein', 'Tyrosine', 'rho-Associated Kinases']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,859,806 |
Do predictors of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection that causes anal, penile, and oropharyngeal cancers in men. Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at particularly high risk for HPV infection and HPV-related disease. Human papillomavirus vaccination is currently recommended for all MSM in the United States through age 26 years, yet little is known about HPV vaccine uptake in this population. The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of HPV vaccine uptake and barriers and facilitators to HPV vaccination that may be unique to young MSM.",
"Men aged 18 to 26 years (n = 336) were recruited via advertisements placed on a geospatial smartphone dating application designed for MSM. Participants completed an online survey. Correlates of vaccine uptake and provider recommendation for HPV vaccine were identified using logistic regression.",
"In total, 21% of participants had received at least 1 dose of HPV vaccine. Provider recommendation was the strongest predictor of uptake such that MSM with a recommendation were more than 40 times more likely to have been vaccinated. Additional predictors of uptake included age and HPV vaccine attitudes. Predictors of provider recommendation included sexual identity, race/ethnicity, condomless anal sex, and HIV status. Psychosocial correlates and barriers and facilitators to HPV vaccination among unvaccinated men were also identified."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adolescent",
"Adult",
"Cross-Sectional Studies",
"Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice",
"Health Services Accessibility",
"Homosexuality, Male",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Papillomavirus Infections",
"Papillomavirus Vaccines",
"Patient Acceptance of Health Care",
"Practice Guidelines as Topic",
"Primary Health Care",
"United States",
"Vaccination"
]
}
|
Findings highlight potential disparities in HPV vaccine uptake, as well as disparities in provider recommendation practices for HPV vaccination. Future interventions should aim to clarify misconceptions, modify psychosocial beliefs, and address barriers and facilitators to HPV vaccine uptake specific to young MSM.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do predictors of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection that causes anal, penile, and oropharyngeal cancers in men. Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at particularly high risk for HPV infection and HPV-related disease. Human papillomavirus vaccination is currently recommended for all MSM in the United States through age 26 years, yet little is known about HPV vaccine uptake in this population. The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of HPV vaccine uptake and barriers and facilitators to HPV vaccination that may be unique to young MSM.', 'Men aged 18 to 26 years (n = 336) were recruited via advertisements placed on a geospatial smartphone dating application designed for MSM. Participants completed an online survey. Correlates of vaccine uptake and provider recommendation for HPV vaccine were identified using logistic regression.', 'In total, 21% of participants had received at least 1 dose of HPV vaccine. Provider recommendation was the strongest predictor of uptake such that MSM with a recommendation were more than 40 times more likely to have been vaccinated. Additional predictors of uptake included age and HPV vaccine attitudes. Predictors of provider recommendation included sexual identity, race/ethnicity, condomless anal sex, and HIV status. Psychosocial correlates and barriers and facilitators to HPV vaccination among unvaccinated men were also identified.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Homosexuality, Male', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Papillomavirus Infections', 'Papillomavirus Vaccines', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', 'Primary Health Care', 'United States', 'Vaccination']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,860,700 |
Is non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ( NAFLD ) associated with impairment of Health Related Quality of Life ( HRQOL )?
|
{
"contexts": [
"NAFLD impacts patient reported outcomes (PROs). Our aim was to assess the impact of NAFLD on patients' HRQOL.",
"National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2011 data were used to identify adult patients with NAFLD [Fatty Liver Index (FLI) > 60 in absence of other liver disease and excessive alcohol >20 g/day for men, >10 g/day for women]. Patients with other chronic diseases (ex. HIV, cancer, end-stage kidney disease) were excluded. Subjects without any of these conditions were healthy controls. HCV RNA (+) patients were HCV-controls. All patients completed NHANES HRQOL-4 questionnaire. Linear regression determined the association between NAFLD and HRQOL components adjusting for age, gender, race, and BMI.",
"Participants with complete data were included (n = 9661); 3333 NAFLD (age 51 years and BMI 34 kg/m(2)); 346 HCV+ (age 49 years; BMI 27 kg/m(2)) and 5982 healthy controls (age 48 years and BMI 26 kg/m(2)). The proportion of subjects rating their health as \"fair\" or \"poor\" in descending order were HCV controls (30 %) NAFLD (20 %) and healthy controls (10 %) (p < 0.001). HRQOL-4 components scores 2-4 were lowest for HCV, followed by NAFLD and then healthy controls (p-values p = 0.011 to < .0001). After adjustment for age, gender, race, and BMI, NAFLD patients were 18-20 % more likely to report days when their physical health wasn't good or were unable to perform daily activities as a result (p < .0001)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adaptation, Psychological",
"Age Factors",
"Attitude to Health",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Kidney Failure, Chronic",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease",
"Nutrition Surveys",
"Quality of Life",
"Sex Factors",
"Surveys and Questionnaires",
"United States"
]
}
|
NAFLD causes impairment of HRQOL. As NAFLD is becoming the most important cause of CLD, its clinical and PRO impact must be assessed.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ( NAFLD ) associated with impairment of Health Related Quality of Life ( HRQOL )?\nContext: {'contexts': [\"NAFLD impacts patient reported outcomes (PROs). Our aim was to assess the impact of NAFLD on patients' HRQOL.\", 'National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2011 data were used to identify adult patients with NAFLD [Fatty Liver Index (FLI) > 60 in absence of other liver disease and excessive alcohol >20 g/day for men, >10 g/day for women]. Patients with other chronic diseases (ex. HIV, cancer, end-stage kidney disease) were excluded. Subjects without any of these conditions were healthy controls. HCV RNA (+) patients were HCV-controls. All patients completed NHANES HRQOL-4 questionnaire. Linear regression determined the association between NAFLD and HRQOL components adjusting for age, gender, race, and BMI.', 'Participants with complete data were included (n = 9661); 3333 NAFLD (age 51 years and BMI 34 kg/m(2)); 346 HCV+ (age 49 years; BMI 27 kg/m(2)) and 5982 healthy controls (age 48 years and BMI 26 kg/m(2)). The proportion of subjects rating their health as \"fair\" or \"poor\" in descending order were HCV controls (30 %) NAFLD (20 %) and healthy controls (10 %) (p < 0.001). HRQOL-4 components scores 2-4 were lowest for HCV, followed by NAFLD and then healthy controls (p-values p = 0.011 to < .0001). After adjustment for age, gender, race, and BMI, NAFLD patients were 18-20 % more likely to report days when their physical health wasn\\'t good or were unable to perform daily activities as a result (p < .0001).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Age Factors', 'Attitude to Health', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease', 'Nutrition Surveys', 'Quality of Life', 'Sex Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'United States']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,850,632 |
Is the presence of fructosamine in human aortic valves associated with valve stiffness?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Human heart valves are prone to glycation, a fundamental process of ageing. The aim of this study was to establish the relationship between fructosamine formation and the mechanical properties of human aortic valves.",
"67 patients (age: 76±8 years) diagnosed with an aortic valve stenosis, who underwent an aortic valve replacement were enrolled. Fructosamine and calcium concentrations in aortic valves were determined. Using a transthoracic Doppler echocardiography, aortic valve orifice area and transvalvular pressure gradients were measured. In a subgroup of 32 patients, the aortic valve orifice area was sufficient to carry out mechanical testing on a LFPlus Universal material tester. An in vitro removal of fructosamine of the valve was initiated using ATP-dependent fructosamine 3-kinase (FN3K).",
"A significant correlation was found between the aortic valve fructosamine concentration and the calculated aortic valve orifice area: Y (aortic valve orifice area, mm(2))=1.050-0.228X (aortic valve fructosamine concentration, µmol/g valve) (r=-0.38). A significantly higher calcium concentration was measured in the aortic valves of diabetics in comparison with those of non-diabetics. A multiple regression analysis revealed that the presence of diabetes mellitus and aortic valve fructosamine concentration were the main predictors of the extensibility of the aortic valves. In the in vitro deglycation study, a significant lower aortic valve fructosamine concentration was detected after treatment with FN3K. This resulted in an increased flexibility of the aortic valves."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Aged",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Aortic Valve",
"Aortic Valve Stenosis",
"Calcium",
"Echocardiography, Doppler",
"Female",
"Fructosamine",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)",
"Vascular Stiffness"
]
}
|
Although no direct causativeness is proven with the presented results, which just show an association between fructosamine, the effect of FN3K and aortic valve stiffness, the present study points for the first time towards a possible additional role of the Amadori products in the biomechanical properties of ageing aortic valves.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is the presence of fructosamine in human aortic valves associated with valve stiffness?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Human heart valves are prone to glycation, a fundamental process of ageing. The aim of this study was to establish the relationship between fructosamine formation and the mechanical properties of human aortic valves.', '67 patients (age: 76±8\\u2005years) diagnosed with an aortic valve stenosis, who underwent an aortic valve replacement were enrolled. Fructosamine and calcium concentrations in aortic valves were determined. Using a transthoracic Doppler echocardiography, aortic valve orifice area and transvalvular pressure gradients were measured. In a subgroup of 32 patients, the aortic valve orifice area was sufficient to carry out mechanical testing on a LFPlus Universal material tester. An in vitro removal of fructosamine of the valve was initiated using ATP-dependent fructosamine 3-kinase (FN3K).', 'A significant correlation was found between the aortic valve fructosamine concentration and the calculated aortic valve orifice area: Y (aortic valve orifice area, mm(2))=1.050-0.228X (aortic valve fructosamine concentration, µmol/g valve) (r=-0.38). A significantly higher calcium concentration was measured in the aortic valves of diabetics in comparison with those of non-diabetics. A multiple regression analysis revealed that the presence of diabetes mellitus and aortic valve fructosamine concentration were the main predictors of the extensibility of the aortic valves. In the in vitro deglycation study, a significant lower aortic valve fructosamine concentration was detected after treatment with FN3K. This resulted in an increased flexibility of the aortic valves.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aortic Valve', 'Aortic Valve Stenosis', 'Calcium', 'Echocardiography, Doppler', 'Female', 'Fructosamine', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)', 'Vascular Stiffness']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,855,828 |
Does fully automated open-source lesion mapping of T2-FLAIR images with FSL correlate with clinical disability in MS?
|
{
"contexts": [
"T2 Lesion Volume (T2LV) has been an important biomarker for multiple sclerosis (MS). Current methods available to quantify lesions from MR images generally require manual adjustments or multiple images with different contrasts. Further, implementations are often not easily or openly accessible.",
"We created a fully unsupervised, single T2 FLAIR image T2LV quantification package based on the popular open-source imaging toolkit FSL.",
"By scripting various processing tools in FSL, we developed an image processing pipeline that distinguishes normal brain tissue from CSF and lesions. We validated our method by hierarchical multiple regression (HMR) with a preliminary study to see if our T2LVs correlate with clinical disability measures in MS when controlled for other variables.",
"Pearson correlations between T2LV and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS: r = 0.344, P = 0.013), Six-Minute Walk (6MW: r = -0.513, P = 0.000), Timed 25-Foot Walk (T25FW: r = -0.438, P = .000), and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT: r = -0.499, P = 0.000) were all significant. Partial correlations controlling for age were significant between T2LV and 6MW (r = -0.433, P = 0.002), T25FW (r = -0.392, P = 0.004), and SDMT (r = -0.450, P = 0.001). In HMR, T2LV explained significant additional variance in 6MW (R(2) change = 0.082, P = 0.020), after controlling for confounding variables such as age, white matter volume (WMV), and gray matter volume (GMV)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Brain",
"Brain Mapping",
"Female",
"Gray Matter",
"Humans",
"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted",
"Magnetic Resonance Imaging",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Multiple Sclerosis",
"White Matter"
]
}
|
Our T2LV quantification software produces T2LVs from a single FLAIR image that correlate with physical disability in MS and is freely available as open-source software.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does fully automated open-source lesion mapping of T2-FLAIR images with FSL correlate with clinical disability in MS?\nContext: {'contexts': ['T2 Lesion Volume (T2LV) has been an important biomarker for multiple sclerosis (MS). Current methods available to quantify lesions from MR images generally require manual adjustments or multiple images with different contrasts. Further, implementations are often not easily or openly accessible.', 'We created a fully unsupervised, single T2 FLAIR image T2LV quantification package based on the popular open-source imaging toolkit FSL.', 'By scripting various processing tools in FSL, we developed an image processing pipeline that distinguishes normal brain tissue from CSF and lesions. We validated our method by hierarchical multiple regression (HMR) with a preliminary study to see if our T2LVs correlate with clinical disability measures in MS when controlled for other variables.', 'Pearson correlations between T2LV and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS: r = 0.344, P = 0.013), Six-Minute Walk (6MW: r = -0.513, P = 0.000), Timed 25-Foot Walk (T25FW: r = -0.438, P = .000), and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT: r = -0.499, P = 0.000) were all significant. Partial correlations controlling for age were significant between T2LV and 6MW (r = -0.433, P = 0.002), T25FW (r = -0.392, P = 0.004), and SDMT (r = -0.450, P = 0.001). In HMR, T2LV explained significant additional variance in 6MW (R(2) change = 0.082, P = 0.020), after controlling for confounding variables such as age, white matter volume (WMV), and gray matter volume (GMV).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Brain', 'Brain Mapping', 'Female', 'Gray Matter', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Sclerosis', 'White Matter']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,879,230 |
Does selective Targeting of a Novel Epsin-VEGFR2 Interaction promote VEGF-Mediated Angiogenesis?
|
{
"contexts": [
"We previously reported that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced binding of VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) to epsins 1 and 2 triggers VEGFR2 degradation and attenuates VEGF signaling. The epsin ubiquitin interacting motif (UIM) was shown to be required for the interaction with VEGFR2. However, the molecular determinants that govern how epsin specifically interacts with and regulates VEGFR2 were unknown.",
"The goals for the present study were as follows: (1) to identify critical molecular determinants that drive the specificity of the epsin and VEGFR2 interaction and (2) to ascertain whether such determinants were critical for physiological angiogenesis in vivo.",
"Structural modeling uncovered 2 novel binding surfaces within VEGFR2 that mediate specific interactions with epsin UIM. Three glutamic acid residues in epsin UIM were found to interact with residues in VEGFR2. Furthermore, we found that the VEGF-induced VEGFR2-epsin interaction promoted casitas B-lineage lymphoma-mediated ubiquitination of epsin, and uncovered a previously unappreciated ubiquitin-binding surface within VEGFR2. Mutational analysis revealed that the VEGFR2-epsin interaction is supported by VEGFR2 interacting specifically with the UIM and with ubiquitinated epsin. An epsin UIM peptide, but not a mutant UIM peptide, potentiated endothelial cell proliferation, migration and angiogenic properties in vitro, increased postnatal retinal angiogenesis, and enhanced VEGF-induced physiological angiogenesis and wound healing."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport",
"Amino Acid Sequence",
"Animals",
"Drug Delivery Systems",
"HEK293 Cells",
"Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells",
"Humans",
"MCF-7 Cells",
"Mice",
"Mice, Inbred C57BL",
"Mice, Knockout",
"Mice, Transgenic",
"Molecular Sequence Data",
"Neovascularization, Physiologic",
"Protein Binding",
"Protein Structure, Secondary",
"Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A",
"Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2"
]
}
|
Distinct residues in the epsin UIM and VEGFR2 mediate specific interactions between epsin and VEGFR2, in addition to UIM recognition of ubiquitin moieties on VEGFR2. These novel interactions are critical for pathophysiological angiogenesis, suggesting that these sites could be selectively targeted by therapeutics to modulate angiogenesis.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does selective Targeting of a Novel Epsin-VEGFR2 Interaction promote VEGF-Mediated Angiogenesis?\nContext: {'contexts': ['We previously reported that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced binding of VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) to epsins 1 and 2 triggers VEGFR2 degradation and attenuates VEGF signaling. The epsin ubiquitin interacting motif (UIM) was shown to be required for the interaction with VEGFR2. However, the molecular determinants that govern how epsin specifically interacts with and regulates VEGFR2 were unknown.', 'The goals for the present study were as follows: (1) to identify critical molecular determinants that drive the specificity of the epsin and VEGFR2 interaction and (2) to ascertain whether such determinants were critical for physiological angiogenesis in vivo.', 'Structural modeling uncovered 2 novel binding surfaces within VEGFR2 that mediate specific interactions with epsin UIM. Three glutamic acid residues in epsin UIM were found to interact with residues in VEGFR2. Furthermore, we found that the VEGF-induced VEGFR2-epsin interaction promoted casitas B-lineage lymphoma-mediated ubiquitination of epsin, and uncovered a previously unappreciated ubiquitin-binding surface within VEGFR2. Mutational analysis revealed that the VEGFR2-epsin interaction is supported by VEGFR2 interacting specifically with the UIM and with ubiquitinated epsin. An epsin UIM peptide, but not a mutant UIM peptide, potentiated endothelial cell proliferation, migration and angiogenic properties in vitro, increased postnatal retinal angiogenesis, and enhanced VEGF-induced physiological angiogenesis and wound healing.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Drug Delivery Systems', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells', 'Humans', 'MCF-7 Cells', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Neovascularization, Physiologic', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,870,315 |
Does y-chromosome phylogeographic analysis of the Greek-Cypriot population reveal elements consistent with Neolithic and Bronze Age settlements?
|
{
"contexts": [
"The archeological record indicates that the permanent settlement of Cyprus began with pioneering agriculturalists circa 11,000 years before present, (ca. 11,000 y BP). Subsequent colonization events followed, some recognized regionally. Here, we assess the Y-chromosome structure of Cyprus in context to regional populations and correlate it to phases of prehistoric colonization.",
"Analysis of haplotypes from 574 samples showed that island-wide substructure was barely significant in a spatial analysis of molecular variance (SAMOVA). However, analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA) of haplogroups using 92 binary markers genotyped in 629 Cypriots revealed that the proportion of variance among the districts was irregularly distributed. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed potential genetic associations of Greek-Cypriots with neighbor populations. Contrasting haplogroups in the PCA were used as surrogates of parental populations. Admixture analyses suggested that the majority of G2a-P15 and R1b-M269 components were contributed by Anatolia and Levant sources, respectively, while Greece Balkans supplied the majority of E-V13 and J2a-M67. Haplotype-based expansion times were at historical levels suggestive of recent demography."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
}
|
Analyses of Cypriot haplogroup data are consistent with two stages of prehistoric settlement. E-V13 and E-M34 are widespread, and PCA suggests sourcing them to the Balkans and Levant/Anatolia, respectively. The persistent pre-Greek component is represented by elements of G2-U5(xL30) haplogroups: U5*, PF3147, and L293. J2b-M205 may contribute also to the pre-Greek strata. The majority of R1b-Z2105 lineages occur in both the westernmost and easternmost districts. Distinctively, sub-haplogroup R1b- M589 occurs only in the east. The absence of R1b- M589 lineages in Crete and the Balkans and the presence in Asia Minor are compatible with Late Bronze Age influences from Anatolia rather than from Mycenaean Greeks.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does y-chromosome phylogeographic analysis of the Greek-Cypriot population reveal elements consistent with Neolithic and Bronze Age settlements?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The archeological record indicates that the permanent settlement of Cyprus began with pioneering agriculturalists circa 11,000\\xa0years before present, (ca. 11,000 y BP). Subsequent colonization events followed, some recognized\\xa0regionally. Here, we assess the Y-chromosome structure of Cyprus in context to regional populations and correlate it to phases of prehistoric colonization.', 'Analysis of haplotypes from 574 samples showed that island-wide substructure was barely significant in a spatial analysis of molecular variance (SAMOVA). However, analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA) of haplogroups using 92 binary markers genotyped in 629 Cypriots revealed that the proportion of variance among the districts was irregularly distributed. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed potential genetic associations of Greek-Cypriots with neighbor populations. Contrasting haplogroups in the PCA were used as surrogates of parental populations. Admixture analyses suggested that the majority of G2a-P15 and R1b-M269 components were contributed by Anatolia and Levant sources, respectively, while Greece Balkans supplied the majority of E-V13 and J2a-M67. Haplotype-based expansion times were at historical levels suggestive of recent demography.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,850,378 |
Is high Single-dose Vancomycin Loading Associated With Increased Nephrotoxicity in Emergency Department Sepsis Patients?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Vancomycin loading doses are recommended; however, the risk of nephrotoxicity with these doses is unknown. The primary objective of this study was to compare nephrotoxicity in emergency department (ED) sepsis patients who received vancomycin at high doses (>20 mg/kg) versus lower doses (≤20 mg/kg).",
"A retrospective cohort study was performed in three academic EDs. Inclusion criteria were age ≥ 18 years, intravenous vancomycin order, and hospital admission. Exclusion criteria were no documented weight, hemodialysis-dependent, and inadequate serum creatinine (SCr) values for the measured outcome. Analyses compared the incidence of nephrotoxicity for patients who received vancomycin at high dose (>20 mg/kg) versus low dose (≤20 mg/kg).",
"A total of 2,131 consecutive patients prescribed vancomycin over 6 months were identified. Of these, 1,330 patients had three SCr values assessed for the primary outcome. High-dose initial vancomycin was associated with a significantly lower rate of nephrotoxicity (5.8% vs. 11.1%). After age, sex, and initial SCr were adjusted for, the risk of high-dose vancomycin compared to low-dose was decreased for the development of nephrotoxicity (relative risk = 0.60; 95% confidence interval = 0.44 to 0.82)."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Anti-Bacterial Agents",
"Body Weight",
"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug",
"Emergency Service, Hospital",
"Humans",
"Incidence",
"Kidney Diseases",
"Patient Admission",
"Retrospective Studies",
"Sepsis",
"Vancomycin"
]
}
|
Initial dosing of vancomycin > 20 mg/kg was not associated with an increased rate of nephrotoxicity compared with lower doses. Findings from this study support compliance with initial weight-based vancomycin loading doses.
|
no
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is high Single-dose Vancomycin Loading Associated With Increased Nephrotoxicity in Emergency Department Sepsis Patients?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Vancomycin loading doses are recommended; however, the risk of nephrotoxicity with these doses is unknown. The primary objective of this study was to compare nephrotoxicity in emergency department (ED) sepsis patients who received vancomycin at high doses (>20 mg/kg) versus lower doses (≤20 mg/kg).', 'A retrospective cohort study was performed in three academic EDs. Inclusion criteria were age ≥ 18 years, intravenous vancomycin order, and hospital admission. Exclusion criteria were no documented weight, hemodialysis-dependent, and inadequate serum creatinine (SCr) values for the measured outcome. Analyses compared the incidence of nephrotoxicity for patients who received vancomycin at high dose (>20 mg/kg) versus low dose (≤20 mg/kg).', 'A total of 2,131 consecutive patients prescribed vancomycin over 6 months were identified. Of these, 1,330 patients had three SCr values assessed for the primary outcome. High-dose initial vancomycin was associated with a significantly lower rate of nephrotoxicity (5.8% vs. 11.1%). After age, sex, and initial SCr were adjusted for, the risk of high-dose vancomycin compared to low-dose was decreased for the development of nephrotoxicity (relative risk = 0.60; 95% confidence interval = 0.44 to 0.82).'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Body Weight', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Kidney Diseases', 'Patient Admission', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sepsis', 'Vancomycin']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: no"
}
] |
26,849,730 |
Does o-012 The Intestinal Wound Regeneration modulate Mucosal Microenvironment to Stimulate Expansion of a Local Pro-restitutive Microbiota?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease frequently cause epithelial damage in the intestine, leading to gut inflammation accompanied by areas of ulceration. The regeneration of damaged mucosa as well as the restoration of intestinal homeostasis involve induced and coordinated proliferation and migration of intestinal epithelial cells. Commensal bacterial colonization of the intestine is essential for normal intestinal development, renewal, and repair. N-formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) are widely expressed pattern recognition receptors that can specifically bind and induce responses to host-derived and bacterial peptides and small molecules during repair of mucosal injury in a redox dependent manner. However, little is known about the host-microbiota crosstalk mediated by FPRs during repair of gut mucosal injuries. Herein, purpose of this study is to exploit the mechanism of mucosal healing promoted by a consortium of gut microbiota that preferentially colonizes ulcerated mucosa undergoing resealing.",
"The regeneration of injured epithelial was studied using defined mechanical wounds inflicted in the mouse distal colon by employing a miniature endoscope and forceps. Microbiota studies were performed by high throughput sequencing of the V4 region of 16s rRNA gene of the bacteria harvested from mucosal wounds undergoing different stages of regenerative events.",
"The high throughput sequencing analysis of bacterial 16s rDNA determined rapid, reversible spatiotemporal alterations in the composition and diversity of microbiota in the wound microenvironment. Our data demonstrated that these ecological changes are dependent on FPR1/NOX2-mediated local tissue hypoxia, depletion of muc2 mucin, and compensatory effect of the over expression of HIF1-regulated MUC3 mucin. Our data show that these events of mucosal regeneration enrich a dominant member of this wound-associated consortium, Akkermansia muciniphila, which is associated with the pro-restitutive function. A. muciniphila, an anaerobic, mucinophilic commensal bacterium, enhanced proliferation and migration of enterocytes adjacent to the colonic wound beds in a process involving FPR1/NOX1 dependent redox signaling."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
}
|
These findings highlight a novel role of FPR1 to promote changes in the wound microenvironment to such extent that enriches a specific mucosa-associated bacterium to enhance enterocyte migration and proliferation in an FPR1-mediated and redox-dependent fashion.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does o-012 The Intestinal Wound Regeneration modulate Mucosal Microenvironment to Stimulate Expansion of a Local Pro-restitutive Microbiota?\nContext: {'contexts': [\"Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease frequently cause epithelial damage in the intestine, leading to gut inflammation accompanied by areas of ulceration. The regeneration of damaged mucosa as well as the restoration of intestinal homeostasis involve induced and coordinated proliferation and migration of intestinal epithelial cells. Commensal bacterial colonization of the intestine is essential for normal intestinal development, renewal, and repair. N-formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) are widely expressed pattern recognition receptors that can specifically bind and induce responses to host-derived and bacterial peptides and small molecules during repair of mucosal injury in a redox dependent manner. However, little is known about the host-microbiota crosstalk mediated by FPRs during repair of gut mucosal injuries. Herein, purpose of this study is to exploit the mechanism of mucosal healing promoted by a consortium of gut microbiota that preferentially colonizes ulcerated mucosa undergoing resealing.\", 'The regeneration of injured epithelial was studied using defined mechanical wounds inflicted in the mouse distal colon by employing a miniature endoscope and forceps. Microbiota studies were performed by high throughput sequencing of the V4 region of 16s rRNA gene of the bacteria harvested from mucosal wounds undergoing different stages of regenerative events.', 'The high throughput sequencing analysis of bacterial 16s rDNA determined rapid, reversible spatiotemporal alterations in the composition and diversity of microbiota in the wound microenvironment. Our data demonstrated that these ecological changes are dependent on FPR1/NOX2-mediated local tissue hypoxia, depletion of muc2 mucin, and compensatory effect of the over expression of HIF1-regulated MUC3 mucin. Our data show that these events of mucosal regeneration enrich a dominant member of this wound-associated consortium, Akkermansia muciniphila, which is associated with the pro-restitutive function. A. muciniphila, an anaerobic, mucinophilic commensal bacterium, enhanced proliferation and migration of enterocytes adjacent to the colonic wound beds in a process involving FPR1/NOX1 dependent redox signaling.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,870,821 |
Does genetic Variation in NFKBIE be Associated With Increased Risk of Pneumococcal Meningitis in Children?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis are frequent pathogens in life-threatening infections. Genetic variation in the immune system may predispose to these infections. Nuclear factor-κB is a key component of the TLR-pathway, controlled by inhibitors, encoded by the genes NFKBIA, NFKBIE and NFKBIZ. We aimed to replicate previous findings of genetic variation associated with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), and to assess whether similar associations could be found in invasive meningococcal disease (IMD).",
"Cases with IPD and IMD and controls were identified by linking Danish national registries. DNA was obtained from the Danish Neonatal Screening Biobank. The association between SNPs and susceptibility to IPD and IMD, mortality and pneumococcal serotypes was investigated.",
"372 children with pneumococcal meningitis, 907 with pneumococcal bacteremia and 1273 controls were included. We included 406 cases with meningococcal meningitis, 272 with meningococcal bacteremia, and 672 controls. The NFKBIE SNP was associated with increased risk of pneumococcal meningitis (aOR 1.68; 95% CI: 1.20-2.36), but not bacteremia (aOR 1.08; 95% CI: 0.86-1.35). The remaining SNPs were not associated with susceptibility to invasive disease. None of the SNPs were associated with risk of IMD or mortality."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Alleles",
"Case-Control Studies",
"Child, Preschool",
"Denmark",
"Female",
"Gene Frequency",
"Genetic Predisposition to Disease",
"Genetic Variation",
"Genotype",
"Humans",
"I-kappa B Proteins",
"Infant",
"Infant, Newborn",
"Male",
"Meningitis, Pneumococcal",
"Odds Ratio",
"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide",
"Prognosis",
"Proto-Oncogene Proteins",
"Registries",
"Risk",
"Streptococcus pneumoniae"
]
}
|
A NFKBIE polymorphism was associated with increased risk of pneumococcal meningitis.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does genetic Variation in NFKBIE be Associated With Increased Risk of Pneumococcal Meningitis in Children?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis are frequent pathogens in life-threatening infections. Genetic variation in the immune system may predispose to these infections. Nuclear factor-κB is a key component of the TLR-pathway, controlled by inhibitors, encoded by the genes NFKBIA, NFKBIE and NFKBIZ. We aimed to replicate previous findings of genetic variation associated with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), and to assess whether similar associations could be found in invasive meningococcal disease (IMD).', 'Cases with IPD and IMD and controls were identified by linking Danish national registries. DNA was obtained from the Danish Neonatal Screening Biobank. The association between SNPs and susceptibility to IPD and IMD, mortality and pneumococcal serotypes was investigated.', '372 children with pneumococcal meningitis, 907 with pneumococcal bacteremia and 1273 controls were included. We included 406 cases with meningococcal meningitis, 272 with meningococcal bacteremia, and 672 controls. The NFKBIE SNP was associated with increased risk of pneumococcal meningitis (aOR 1.68; 95% CI: 1.20-2.36), but not bacteremia (aOR 1.08; 95% CI: 0.86-1.35). The remaining SNPs were not associated with susceptibility to invasive disease. None of the SNPs were associated with risk of IMD or mortality.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Alleles', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child, Preschool', 'Denmark', 'Female', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'I-kappa B Proteins', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Meningitis, Pneumococcal', 'Odds Ratio', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Prognosis', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Registries', 'Risk', 'Streptococcus pneumoniae']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,865,512 |
Does urinary LRRK2 phosphorylation predict parkinsonian phenotypes in G2019S LRRK2 carriers?
|
{
"contexts": [
"To test whether phosphorylated Ser-1292 LRRK2 levels in urine exosomes predicts LRRK2 mutation carriers (LRRK2+) and noncarriers (LRRK2-) with Parkinson disease (PD+) and without Parkinson disease (PD-).",
"LRRK2 protein was purified from urinary exosomes collected from participants in 2 independent cohorts. The first cohort included 14 men (LRRK2+/PD+, n = 7; LRRK2-/PD+, n = 4; LRRK2-/PD-, n = 3). The second cohort included 62 men (LRRK2-/PD-, n = 16; LRRK2+/PD-, n = 16; LRRK2+/PD+, n = 14; LRRK2-/PD+, n = 16). The ratio of Ser(P)-1292 LRRK2 to total LRRK2 was compared between LRRK2+/PD+ and LRRK2- in the first cohort and between LRRK2 G2019S carriers with and without PD in the second cohort.",
"LRRK2+/PD+ had higher ratios of Ser(P)-1292 LRRK2 to total LRRK2 than LRRK2-/PD- (4.8-fold, p < 0.001) and LRRK2-/PD+ (4.6-fold, p < 0.001). Among mutation carriers, those with PD had higher Ser(P)-1292 LRRK2 to total LRRK2 than those without PD (2.2-fold, p < 0.001). Ser(P)-1292 LRRK2 levels predicted symptomatic from asymptomatic carriers with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.844."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Aged",
"Animals",
"Biomarkers",
"Cohort Studies",
"Cross-Sectional Studies",
"HEK293 Cells",
"Heterozygote",
"Humans",
"Leucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2",
"Male",
"Mice",
"Middle Aged",
"Parkinsonian Disorders",
"Phenotype",
"Phosphorylation",
"Pilot Projects",
"Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases"
]
}
|
Elevated ratio of phosphorylated Ser-1292 LRRK2 to total LRRK2 in urine exosomes predicted LRRK2 mutation status and PD risk among LRRK2 mutation carriers. Future studies may explore whether interventions that reduce this ratio may also reduce PD risk.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does urinary LRRK2 phosphorylation predict parkinsonian phenotypes in G2019S LRRK2 carriers?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To test whether phosphorylated Ser-1292 LRRK2 levels in urine exosomes predicts LRRK2 mutation carriers (LRRK2+) and noncarriers (LRRK2-) with Parkinson disease (PD+) and without Parkinson disease (PD-).', 'LRRK2 protein was purified from urinary exosomes collected from participants in 2 independent cohorts. The first cohort included 14 men (LRRK2+/PD+, n = 7; LRRK2-/PD+, n = 4; LRRK2-/PD-, n = 3). The second cohort included 62 men (LRRK2-/PD-, n = 16; LRRK2+/PD-, n = 16; LRRK2+/PD+, n = 14; LRRK2-/PD+, n = 16). The ratio of Ser(P)-1292 LRRK2 to total LRRK2 was compared between LRRK2+/PD+ and LRRK2- in the first cohort and between LRRK2 G2019S carriers with and without PD in the second cohort.', 'LRRK2+/PD+ had higher ratios of Ser(P)-1292 LRRK2 to total LRRK2 than LRRK2-/PD- (4.8-fold, p < 0.001) and LRRK2-/PD+ (4.6-fold, p < 0.001). Among mutation carriers, those with PD had higher Ser(P)-1292 LRRK2 to total LRRK2 than those without PD (2.2-fold, p < 0.001). Ser(P)-1292 LRRK2 levels predicted symptomatic from asymptomatic carriers with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.844.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Aged', 'Animals', 'Biomarkers', 'Cohort Studies', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Heterozygote', 'Humans', 'Leucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Middle Aged', 'Parkinsonian Disorders', 'Phenotype', 'Phosphorylation', 'Pilot Projects', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,865,516 |
Does standardized EEG interpretation accurately predict prognosis after cardiac arrest?
|
{
"contexts": [
"To identify reliable predictors of outcome in comatose patients after cardiac arrest using a single routine EEG and standardized interpretation according to the terminology proposed by the American Clinical Neurophysiology Society.",
"In this cohort study, 4 EEG specialists, blinded to outcome, evaluated prospectively recorded EEGs in the Target Temperature Management trial (TTM trial) that randomized patients to 33°C vs 36°C. Routine EEG was performed in patients still comatose after rewarming. EEGs were classified into highly malignant (suppression, suppression with periodic discharges, burst-suppression), malignant (periodic or rhythmic patterns, pathological or nonreactive background), and benign EEG (absence of malignant features). Poor outcome was defined as best Cerebral Performance Category score 3-5 until 180 days.",
"Eight TTM sites randomized 202 patients. EEGs were recorded in 103 patients at a median 77 hours after cardiac arrest; 37% had a highly malignant EEG and all had a poor outcome (specificity 100%, sensitivity 50%). Any malignant EEG feature had a low specificity to predict poor prognosis (48%) but if 2 malignant EEG features were present specificity increased to 96% (p < 0.001). Specificity and sensitivity were not significantly affected by targeted temperature or sedation. A benign EEG was found in 1% of the patients with a poor outcome."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Aged",
"Anticonvulsants",
"Body Temperature",
"Brain",
"Comorbidity",
"Electroencephalography",
"Female",
"Follow-Up Studies",
"Heart Arrest",
"Humans",
"Hypnotics and Sedatives",
"Hypothermia, Induced",
"Male",
"Prognosis",
"Seizures",
"Sensitivity and Specificity",
"Severity of Illness Index",
"Single-Blind Method",
"Time Factors",
"Treatment Outcome"
]
}
|
Highly malignant EEG after rewarming reliably predicted poor outcome in half of patients without false predictions. An isolated finding of a single malignant feature did not predict poor outcome whereas a benign EEG was highly predictive of a good outcome.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does standardized EEG interpretation accurately predict prognosis after cardiac arrest?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To identify reliable predictors of outcome in comatose patients after cardiac arrest using a single routine EEG and standardized interpretation according to the terminology proposed by the American Clinical Neurophysiology Society.', 'In this cohort study, 4 EEG specialists, blinded to outcome, evaluated prospectively recorded EEGs in the Target Temperature Management trial (TTM trial) that randomized patients to 33°C vs 36°C. Routine EEG was performed in patients still comatose after rewarming. EEGs were classified into highly malignant (suppression, suppression with periodic discharges, burst-suppression), malignant (periodic or rhythmic patterns, pathological or nonreactive background), and benign EEG (absence of malignant features). Poor outcome was defined as best Cerebral Performance Category score 3-5 until 180 days.', 'Eight TTM sites randomized 202 patients. EEGs were recorded in 103 patients at a median 77 hours after cardiac arrest; 37% had a highly malignant EEG and all had a poor outcome (specificity 100%, sensitivity 50%). Any malignant EEG feature had a low specificity to predict poor prognosis (48%) but if 2 malignant EEG features were present specificity increased to 96% (p < 0.001). Specificity and sensitivity were not significantly affected by targeted temperature or sedation. A benign EEG was found in 1% of the patients with a poor outcome.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Aged', 'Anticonvulsants', 'Body Temperature', 'Brain', 'Comorbidity', 'Electroencephalography', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Heart Arrest', 'Humans', 'Hypnotics and Sedatives', 'Hypothermia, Induced', 'Male', 'Prognosis', 'Seizures', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Single-Blind Method', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,869,797 |
Is oct-4 associated with gastric cancer progression and prognosis?
|
{
"contexts": [
"To investigate the clinical significance of Oct-4 in the development and progression of gastric cancer.",
"Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze Oct-4 expression in 412 gastric cancer cases. Oct-4 protein levels were upregulated in gastric cancer tissues compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues.",
"Positive expression of Oct-4 correlated with age, depth of invasion, Lauren classification, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and TNM stage. In stages I, II, and III, the 5-year survival rate of patients with high expression of Oct-4 was significantly lower than that in patients with low expression of Oct-4. In stage IV, Oct-4 expression did not correlate with the 5-year survival rate. Furthermore, multivariate analysis suggested that the depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, TNM stage, and upregulation of Oct-4 were independent prognostic factors of gastric cancer."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
}
|
Oct-4 protein is a useful marker in predicting tumor progression and prognosis.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is oct-4 associated with gastric cancer progression and prognosis?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To investigate the clinical significance of Oct-4 in the development and progression of gastric cancer.', 'Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze Oct-4 expression in 412 gastric cancer cases. Oct-4 protein levels were upregulated in gastric cancer tissues compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues.', 'Positive expression of Oct-4 correlated with age, depth of invasion, Lauren classification, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and TNM stage. In stages I, II, and III, the 5-year survival rate of patients with high expression of Oct-4 was significantly lower than that in patients with low expression of Oct-4. In stage IV, Oct-4 expression did not correlate with the 5-year survival rate. Furthermore, multivariate analysis suggested that the depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, TNM stage, and upregulation of Oct-4 were independent prognostic factors of gastric cancer.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,877,206 |
Does effectiveness of hand hygiene depend on the patient 's health condition and care environment?
|
{
"contexts": [
"The present authors examined how patient hand contamination was associated with underlying disease and treatment environment in order to determine effective hand hygiene methods.",
"Samples were collected from inpatients (45 with hematological malignancies, 48 postoperative), outpatients (48 undergoing hemodialysis, 55 on chemotherapy), and 44 individuals living in nursing homes. All participants provided informed consent for study participation. All subjects performed hand hygiene. Before and after hand hygiene, samples of bacteria were collected from the palm of the hand onto agar media. Bacteria were counted and bacterial strains were identified. The authors then collected smear samples from the contralateral palm and measured adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels.",
"Patient hand contamination was the highest in hemodialysis patients, followed by residents of nursing homes, postoperative patients, patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy, and patients of hematological malignancies. Regardless of the underlying disease and treatment environment, patients were able to reduce the number of bacterial colonies and ATP by proper hand hygiene. Compared with wet wipes, hand washing seemed to remove bacteria more effectively. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was detected in 30 subjects, none of whom were patients of hematological malignancies. Of these, 19 tested negative for MRSA after performing proper hand hygiene."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adenosine Triphosphate",
"Antineoplastic Agents",
"Bacteria",
"Colony Count, Microbial",
"Cross Infection",
"Hand",
"Hand Hygiene",
"Hematologic Neoplasms",
"Humans",
"Inpatients",
"Nursing Homes",
"Renal Dialysis"
]
}
|
Patient hand contamination is affected by underlying disease and care environment, but can be reduced by encouraging proper hand washing. Proper patient hand hygiene can reduce MRSA on patients' hands, and thus may serve as an effective tool for prevention of healthcare-associated infections.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does effectiveness of hand hygiene depend on the patient 's health condition and care environment?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The present authors examined how patient hand contamination was associated with underlying disease and treatment environment in order to determine effective hand hygiene methods.', 'Samples were collected from inpatients (45 with hematological malignancies, 48 postoperative), outpatients (48 undergoing hemodialysis, 55 on chemotherapy), and 44 individuals living in nursing homes. All participants provided informed consent for study participation. All subjects performed hand hygiene. Before and after hand hygiene, samples of bacteria were collected from the palm of the hand onto agar media. Bacteria were counted and bacterial strains were identified. The authors then collected smear samples from the contralateral palm and measured adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels.', 'Patient hand contamination was the highest in hemodialysis patients, followed by residents of nursing homes, postoperative patients, patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy, and patients of hematological malignancies. Regardless of the underlying disease and treatment environment, patients were able to reduce the number of bacterial colonies and ATP by proper hand hygiene. Compared with wet wipes, hand washing seemed to remove bacteria more effectively. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was detected in 30 subjects, none of whom were patients of hematological malignancies. Of these, 19 tested negative for MRSA after performing proper hand hygiene.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Bacteria', 'Colony Count, Microbial', 'Cross Infection', 'Hand', 'Hand Hygiene', 'Hematologic Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Inpatients', 'Nursing Homes', 'Renal Dialysis']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,876,574 |
Does p38/JNK signaling pathway mediate the fluoride-induced down-regulation of Fam83h?
|
{
"contexts": [
"The similar clinical and pathological feature in fluorosis and amelogenesis imperfect with FAM83H mutations imply that excess fluoride could have effects on the expression of FAM83H and could elaborate this process by some signal pathways regulation. The present study aims to investigate the effects of fluoride on Fam83h expression and try to explore the molecular signaling regulation between them as well as the association of high concentration fluoride with mineralization in ameloblast lineage cells.",
"Protein expression and signaling pathways of mouse ameloblast-like LS8 cells, exposed to fluoride or MAPK inhibitors, were compared to control cells without exposure. Fam83h, proteins of MAPK signal pathways (ERK, P38 and JNK) were examined by Quantitative real-time PCR and/or Western-blot. ALP activity and ALP staining were used to detect the mineralization in the cells with exposure during 7-day mineralization inducing differentiation.",
"The results showed that Fam83h protein level in LS8 cells decreased in the presence of fluoride and MAPK inhibitors. Down-regulation of Fam83h by fluoride was related to suppression of JNK and P38 phosphorylation, and the descending degree of P38 was more obvious. Fluoride and MAPK inhibitors treatment significantly decreased the mineralization level in LS8 cells."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Ameloblasts",
"Animals",
"Cell Line",
"Down-Regulation",
"MAP Kinase Signaling System",
"Mice",
"Minerals",
"Proteins",
"Sodium Fluoride",
"p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases"
]
}
|
The findings suggest that JNK and P38 could be key regulatory element for Fam83h expression, and that LS8 cells can respond to fluoride by down-regulating Fam83h expression through the regulation of JNK and p38 signaling pathways.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does p38/JNK signaling pathway mediate the fluoride-induced down-regulation of Fam83h?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The similar clinical and pathological feature in fluorosis and amelogenesis imperfect with FAM83H mutations imply that excess fluoride could have effects on the expression of FAM83H and could elaborate this process by some signal pathways regulation. The present study aims to investigate the effects of fluoride on Fam83h expression and try to explore the molecular signaling regulation between them as well as the association of high concentration fluoride with mineralization in ameloblast lineage cells.', 'Protein expression and signaling pathways of mouse ameloblast-like LS8 cells, exposed to fluoride or MAPK inhibitors, were compared to control cells without exposure. Fam83h, proteins of MAPK signal pathways (ERK, P38 and JNK) were examined by Quantitative real-time PCR and/or Western-blot. ALP activity and ALP staining were used to detect the mineralization in the cells with exposure during 7-day mineralization inducing differentiation.', 'The results showed that Fam83h protein level in LS8 cells decreased in the presence of fluoride and MAPK inhibitors. Down-regulation of Fam83h by fluoride was related to suppression of JNK and P38 phosphorylation, and the descending degree of P38 was more obvious. Fluoride and MAPK inhibitors treatment significantly decreased the mineralization level in LS8 cells.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Ameloblasts', 'Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Down-Regulation', 'MAP Kinase Signaling System', 'Mice', 'Minerals', 'Proteins', 'Sodium Fluoride', 'p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,874,894 |
Does lung density associate with survival in alpha 1 antitrypsin deficient patients?
|
{
"contexts": [
"CT density correlates with quality of life (QOL) scores and impaired upper zone lung density associates with higher mortality in alpha one antitrypsin deficiency (A1ATD). We hypothesised that decline in CT densitometry would relate to survival or deterioration in QOL in A1ATD.",
"All augmentation naïve PiZZ patients in the UK A1ATD registry with ≥ two successive quantitative CT scans were selected. Patients were divided into groups based on CT density decline and the relationship to survival and change in QOL compared by univariate analyses and multivariate Cox regression. Analyses were performed for whole lung, upper zone and lower zone density separately. Exploratory analyses of FEV1 subgroups were conducted.",
"110 patients were identified; 77 had whole lung and lung zone density recorded on two CT scans, 33 patients had upper zone data only on four scans. Decline in lower zone density associated with survival, even after adjustment for baseline lung density (p = 0.048), however upper zone density and whole lung density decline did not. This difference appeared to be driven by those with FEV1 >30% predicted."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Bronchitis, Chronic",
"Disease Progression",
"Female",
"Forced Expiratory Volume",
"Humans",
"Lung",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Multivariate Analysis",
"Proportional Hazards Models",
"Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity",
"Pulmonary Emphysema",
"Quality of Life",
"Registries",
"Survival Rate",
"Tomography, X-Ray Computed",
"United Kingdom",
"Vital Capacity",
"alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency"
]
}
|
Rate of change in lung densitometry could predict survival in A1ATD.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does lung density associate with survival in alpha 1 antitrypsin deficient patients?\nContext: {'contexts': ['CT density correlates with quality of life (QOL) scores and impaired upper zone lung density associates with higher mortality in alpha one antitrypsin deficiency (A1ATD). We hypothesised that decline in CT densitometry would relate to survival or deterioration in QOL in A1ATD.', 'All augmentation naïve PiZZ patients in the UK A1ATD registry with ≥ two successive quantitative CT scans were selected. Patients were divided into groups based on CT density decline and the relationship to survival and change in QOL compared by univariate analyses and multivariate Cox regression. Analyses were performed for whole lung, upper zone and lower zone density separately. Exploratory analyses of FEV1 subgroups were conducted.', '110 patients were identified; 77 had whole lung and lung zone density recorded on two CT scans, 33 patients had upper zone data only on four scans. Decline in lower zone density associated with survival, even after adjustment for baseline lung density (p = 0.048), however upper zone density and whole lung density decline did not. This difference appeared to be driven by those with FEV1 >30% predicted.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged', 'Bronchitis, Chronic', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Forced Expiratory Volume', 'Humans', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity', 'Pulmonary Emphysema', 'Quality of Life', 'Registries', 'Survival Rate', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'United Kingdom', 'Vital Capacity', 'alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,854,780 |
Do a Comparison of the Effect Between Coronoid Process Graft and Costochondral Graft in the Reconstruction of Temporomandibular Joint?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Bone graft to reconstruct the temporomandibular joint for ankylosis patient is effective. This study used three-dimensional measurement to evaluate the effect between free coronoid process graft (CPG) and costochondral graft (CCG) in the temporomandibular joint reconstruction.",
"Patients treated with CPG or CCG from 2011 to 2014 were included in the study. Postoperative computed tomography scan data within 1 week and during at least 6 months follow-up after operation were imported into Proplan CMF 1.4 software (Materialize, Belgium) for three-dimensional reconstruction and measurement. Heights of the mandibular ramus were measured and compared between the 2 groups. Maximum mouth opening and occlusion were also evaluated and compared before and after operation.",
"Ten patients with 15 reconstructed joints were included in the study. In the CPG group, the decrease of ramus height was 5.4 mm after a mean follow-up period of 16.8 months (ranged from 6 to 22 months), whereas in the CCG group, it was 2.4 mm after a mean follow-up period of 14.4 months (ranged from 6 to 30 months). There was significant difference of ramus height decrease between the CPG group and the CCG group (P < 0.05). Maximum mouth opening was significantly increased after operation than before in both groups (P < 0.05). Open bite happened in 4 of 5 patients in the CPG group, and 1 of 5 patients in the CCG group."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adolescent",
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Ankylosis",
"Cartilage",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted",
"Imaging, Three-Dimensional",
"Male",
"Postoperative Complications",
"Reconstructive Surgical Procedures",
"Retrospective Studies",
"Temporomandibular Joint",
"Temporomandibular Joint Disorders",
"Ulna",
"Young Adult"
]
}
|
CPG has higher frequency of a malocclusion secondary to resorption than CCG for the ramus reconstruction.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do a Comparison of the Effect Between Coronoid Process Graft and Costochondral Graft in the Reconstruction of Temporomandibular Joint?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Bone graft to reconstruct the temporomandibular joint for ankylosis patient is effective. This study used three-dimensional measurement to evaluate the effect between free coronoid process graft (CPG) and costochondral graft (CCG) in the temporomandibular joint reconstruction.', 'Patients treated with CPG or CCG from 2011 to 2014 were included in the study. Postoperative computed tomography scan data within 1 week and during at least 6 months follow-up after operation were imported into Proplan CMF 1.4 software (Materialize, Belgium) for three-dimensional reconstruction and measurement. Heights of the mandibular ramus were measured and compared between the 2 groups. Maximum mouth opening and occlusion were also evaluated and compared before and after operation.', 'Ten patients with 15 reconstructed joints were included in the study. In the CPG group, the decrease of ramus height was 5.4 mm after a mean follow-up period of 16.8 months (ranged from 6 to 22 months), whereas in the CCG group, it was 2.4 mm after a mean follow-up period of 14.4 months (ranged from 6 to 30 months). There was significant difference of ramus height decrease between the CPG group and the CCG group (P < 0.05). Maximum mouth opening was significantly increased after operation than before in both groups (P < 0.05). Open bite happened in 4 of 5 patients in the CPG group, and 1 of 5 patients in the CCG group.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Ankylosis', 'Cartilage', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Male', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Temporomandibular Joint', 'Temporomandibular Joint Disorders', 'Ulna', 'Young Adult']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,860,969 |
Does transthoracic Echocardiography provide Important Long-Term Prognostic Information in Selected Patients Undergoing Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Repair?
|
{
"contexts": [
"The value of performing transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) as part of the clinical assessment of patients awaiting endovascular repair of the abdominal aorta is little evaluated. We aimed to estimate the prognostic importance of information derived from TTE on long-term all-cause mortality in a selected group of patients undergoing endovascular aneurysm repair.",
"This was a retrospective cohort study of 273 consecutive patients selected for endovascular aneurysm repair. All patients included in the analysis underwent TTE before their procedure. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the effect of TTE measures on all-cause mortality. Over a mean follow-up of 3.2±1.5 years, there were 78 deaths with a mean time to death of 1.28±1.16 years. A greater tubular ascending aorta (hazard ratio [HR] 5.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.77-11.33), presence of mitral regurgitation (HR 8.13, 95% CI 4.09-12.16), lower left ventricular ejection fraction (HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.93-0.98), younger age (HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95-0.99), and presence of diabetes mellitus (HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.24-1.89) were predictors of all-cause mortality."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Aged",
"Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal",
"Cross-Sectional Studies",
"Echocardiography",
"Electrocardiography",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Prognosis",
"Retrospective Studies",
"Risk Factors",
"Treatment Outcome",
"Vascular Surgical Procedures"
]
}
|
Echocardiography provides important long-term prognostic information in patients undergoing endovascular aneurysm repair. These TTE indices were more important at predicting outcome than standard conventional risk factors in this patient group. A greater tubular ascending aorta, presence of mitral regurgitation, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, younger age, and diabetes mellitus were independently associated with long-term mortality.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does transthoracic Echocardiography provide Important Long-Term Prognostic Information in Selected Patients Undergoing Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Repair?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The value of performing transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) as part of the clinical assessment of patients awaiting endovascular repair of the abdominal aorta is little evaluated. We aimed to estimate the prognostic importance of information derived from TTE on long-term all-cause mortality in a selected group of patients undergoing endovascular aneurysm repair.', 'This was a retrospective cohort study of 273 consecutive patients selected for endovascular aneurysm repair. All patients included in the analysis underwent TTE before their procedure. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the effect of TTE measures on all-cause mortality. Over a mean follow-up of 3.2±1.5 years, there were 78 deaths with a mean time to death of 1.28±1.16 years. A greater tubular ascending aorta (hazard ratio [HR] 5.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.77-11.33), presence of mitral regurgitation (HR 8.13, 95% CI 4.09-12.16), lower left ventricular ejection fraction (HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.93-0.98), younger age (HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95-0.99), and presence of diabetes mellitus (HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.24-1.89) were predictors of all-cause mortality.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Aged', 'Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Echocardiography', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vascular Surgical Procedures']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,875,556 |
Does follicular thyroid carcinoma but not adenoma recruit tumor-associated macrophages by releasing CCL15?
|
{
"contexts": [
"The differential diagnosis of follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and follicular adenoma (FA) before surgery is a clinical challenge. Many efforts have been made but most focusing on tumor cells, while the roles of tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) remained unclear in FTC. Here we analyzed the differences between TAMs in FTC and those in FA.",
"We first analyzed the density of TAMs by CD68 immunostaining in 59 histologically confirmed FTCs and 47 FAs. Cytokines produced by FTC and FA were profiled using antibody array, and validated by quantitative PCR. Chemotaxis of monocyte THP-1 was induced by condition medium of FTC cell lines (FTC133 and WRO82-1) with and without anti-CCL15 neutralizing antibody. Finally, we analyzed CCL15 protein level in FTC and FA by immunohistochemistry.",
"The average density of CD68(+) cells was 9.5 ± 5.4/field in FTC, significantly higher than that in FA (4.9 ± 3.4/field, p < 0.001). Subsequently profiling showed that CCL15 was the most abundant chemokine in FTC compared with FA. CCL15 mRNA in FTC was 51.4-folds of that in FA. CM of FTC cell lines induced THP-1 cell chemotaxis by 33 ~ 77%, and anti-CCL15 neutralizing antibody reduced THP-1 cell migration in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, we observed positive CCL15 immunostaining in 67.8% of FTCs compared with 23.4% of FAs."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adenocarcinoma, Follicular",
"Adenoma",
"Biopsy, Fine-Needle",
"Chemokines, CC",
"Diagnosis, Differential",
"Female",
"Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic",
"Humans",
"Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins",
"Macrophages",
"Male",
"Preoperative Period",
"RNA, Messenger",
"Tissue Array Analysis"
]
}
|
Our study suggested FTC might induce TAMs infiltration by producing CCL15. Measurement of TAMs and CCL15 in follicular thyroid lesions may be applied clinically to differentiate FTC from FA pre-operation.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does follicular thyroid carcinoma but not adenoma recruit tumor-associated macrophages by releasing CCL15?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The differential diagnosis of follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and follicular adenoma (FA) before surgery is a clinical challenge. Many efforts have been made but most focusing on tumor cells, while the roles of tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) remained unclear in FTC. Here we analyzed the differences between TAMs in FTC and those in FA.', 'We first analyzed the density of TAMs by CD68 immunostaining in 59 histologically confirmed FTCs and 47 FAs. Cytokines produced by FTC and FA were profiled using antibody array, and validated by quantitative PCR. Chemotaxis of monocyte THP-1 was induced by condition medium of FTC cell lines (FTC133 and WRO82-1) with and without anti-CCL15 neutralizing antibody. Finally, we analyzed CCL15 protein level in FTC and FA by immunohistochemistry.', 'The average density of CD68(+) cells was 9.5 ± 5.4/field in FTC, significantly higher than that in FA (4.9 ± 3.4/field, p < 0.001). Subsequently profiling showed that CCL15 was the most abundant chemokine in FTC compared with FA. CCL15 mRNA in FTC was 51.4-folds of that in FA. CM of FTC cell lines induced THP-1 cell chemotaxis by 33 ~ 77%, and anti-CCL15 neutralizing antibody reduced THP-1 cell migration in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, we observed positive CCL15 immunostaining in 67.8% of FTCs compared with 23.4% of FAs.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adenocarcinoma, Follicular', 'Adenoma', 'Biopsy, Fine-Needle', 'Chemokines, CC', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins', 'Macrophages', 'Male', 'Preoperative Period', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Tissue Array Analysis']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,850,597 |
Are males seropositive for hepatitis B surface antigen at risk of lower bone mineral density : the 2008-2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Hepatic osteodystrophy has been reported in patients with various chronic liver diseases, including liver cirrhosis. However, it has not been well investigated in patients with hepatitis B virus infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seropositivity and bone mineral density (BMD) in a population representative of normal Koreans.",
"Subjects with both HBsAg and BMD levels examined during the 2008-2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys were included. HBsAg-seropositive (+) subjects were compared with those who were HBsAg-seronegative (-). BMD was measured at the lumbar spine and femur by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Multivariable logistic regression was performed for BMD .",
"In total, 11,306 participants were included in this study, among which 423 (3.7 %) were HBsAg(+): 153 premenopausal female (3.4 %), 83 postmenopausal female (3.5 %), and 187 male (4.2 %). Multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for age and body mass index showed that HBsAg(+) male had significantly lower BMD of the femoral neck than HBsAg(-) male (0.810 ± 0.009 vs. 0.827 ± 0.002 g/cm(2), p = 0.035). Further adjustment for waist circumference, smoking, drinking, exercise, income, occupation, and vitamin D levels showed that HBsAg(+) male had significantly lower BMD of the femur neck (0.810 ± 0.010 vs. 0.831 ± 0.002 g/cm(2), p = 0.032) and lumbar spine (0.953 ± 0.011 vs. 0.974 ± 0.003 g/cm(2), p = 0.049) than HBsAg(-) male."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Absorptiometry, Photon",
"Adult",
"Bone Density",
"Case-Control Studies",
"Cross-Sectional Studies",
"Female",
"Femur Neck",
"Hepatitis B",
"Hepatitis B Surface Antigens",
"Humans",
"Logistic Models",
"Male",
"Nutrition Surveys",
"Republic of Korea"
]
}
|
HBsAg seropositivity was significantly associated with lower BMD in male. Future long-term prospective studies investigating bone turnover markers and hormones are needed to better understand the pathophysiology and clinical significance of chronic hepatitis B virus-related hepatic osteodystrophy.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Are males seropositive for hepatitis B surface antigen at risk of lower bone mineral density : the 2008-2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Hepatic osteodystrophy has been reported in patients with various chronic liver diseases, including liver cirrhosis. However, it has not been well investigated in patients with hepatitis B virus infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seropositivity and bone mineral density (BMD) in a population representative of normal Koreans.', 'Subjects with both HBsAg and BMD levels examined during the 2008-2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys were included. HBsAg-seropositive (+) subjects were compared with those who were HBsAg-seronegative (-). BMD was measured at the lumbar spine and femur by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Multivariable logistic regression was performed for BMD .', 'In total, 11,306 participants were included in this study, among which 423 (3.7\\xa0%) were HBsAg(+): 153 premenopausal female (3.4\\xa0%), 83 postmenopausal female (3.5\\xa0%), and 187 male (4.2\\xa0%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for age and body mass index showed that HBsAg(+) male had significantly lower BMD of the femoral neck than HBsAg(-) male (0.810\\xa0±\\xa00.009 vs. 0.827\\xa0±\\xa00.002\\xa0g/cm(2), p\\xa0=\\xa00.035). Further adjustment for waist circumference, smoking, drinking, exercise, income, occupation, and vitamin D levels showed that HBsAg(+) male had significantly lower BMD of the femur neck (0.810\\xa0±\\xa00.010 vs. 0.831\\xa0±\\xa00.002\\xa0g/cm(2), p\\xa0=\\xa00.032) and lumbar spine (0.953\\xa0±\\xa00.011 vs. 0.974\\xa0±\\xa00.003\\xa0g/cm(2), p\\xa0=\\xa00.049) than HBsAg(-) male.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Absorptiometry, Photon', 'Adult', 'Bone Density', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Femur Neck', 'Hepatitis B', 'Hepatitis B Surface Antigens', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Nutrition Surveys', 'Republic of Korea']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,866,176 |
Does mOLECULAR CHARACTERISATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE PATTERNS OF ESCHERICHIA COLI isolate FROM GOATS SLAUGHTERED IN PARTS OF KENYA?
|
{
"contexts": [
"To determine the antibiotic resistance patterns of pathogenic Escherichia coli on goat meat carcass at Huruma and Kiserian abattoirs in Kenya.",
"Laboratory based study.",
"Huruma and Kiserian abattoirs in Kenya,",
"400 slaughtered goats inspected by veterinary health officers and approved for human consumption.",
"A Total of 400 slaughtered goats which were inspected by veterinary health officers and approved for human consumption were sampled from Huruma and Kiserian abattoir. Goat carcass swabs were collected by passing each swab tissue on four parts of the carcass mainly neck, right and left forelimbs, right and left hind limbs, and brisket.",
"A total of 54 E. coli isolates were isolated and confirmed to be pathogenic. The percentage of isolates resistant to various microbial agents was recorded as follows: ampicillin (26 %), amoxycillin-clavulanic acid (17%), tetracycline (15%), chroramphenicol (4%), and ceftrixone (2% each). All Escherichia coli isolates were susceptible to gentamicin sulphamethaxazole-trimethomprin, kanamycin, cetriazididine (CAZ, 30pg), ciproxacin, nalidixic acid and chloramphenicol. Isolates were resistant to one or more of the antibiotics tested. Among the drugs tested, resistance was more frequently observed against ampicillin, amoxycillin-clavulanic acid, tetracycline, ceftrixone and chroramphenicol antibiotics. Among the isolates 26(48%) were positive for the stx1 gene, 19(35%) had the eae gene, 10(19%) possessed est gene,while 8(15%) harboured elt gene. Overall five isolates (10%) possessed aspu gene and two (4%) had aggR gene. No isolate possessed ipah gene."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
}
|
This study demonstrated that there is a significant level of antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic E. coli isolated from goat meat from Huruma and Kiserian abattoir. This indicates that goat meat from abattoirs could pose a risk of transmission of pathogenic antibiotic resistant strains to human. Poor hygienic standards and indiscriminate use of antimicrobials are the two main reasons for the presence of resistant pathogens in goat carcasses.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does mOLECULAR CHARACTERISATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE PATTERNS OF ESCHERICHIA COLI isolate FROM GOATS SLAUGHTERED IN PARTS OF KENYA?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To determine the antibiotic resistance patterns of pathogenic Escherichia coli on goat meat carcass at Huruma and Kiserian abattoirs in Kenya.', 'Laboratory based study.', 'Huruma and Kiserian abattoirs in Kenya,', '400 slaughtered goats inspected by veterinary health officers and approved for human consumption.', 'A Total of 400 slaughtered goats which were inspected by veterinary health officers and approved for human consumption were sampled from Huruma and Kiserian abattoir. Goat carcass swabs were collected by passing each swab tissue on four parts of the carcass mainly neck, right and left forelimbs, right and left hind limbs, and brisket.', 'A total of 54 E. coli isolates were isolated and confirmed to be pathogenic. The percentage of isolates resistant to various microbial agents was recorded as follows: ampicillin (26 %), amoxycillin-clavulanic acid (17%), tetracycline (15%), chroramphenicol (4%), and ceftrixone (2% each). All Escherichia coli isolates were susceptible to gentamicin sulphamethaxazole-trimethomprin, kanamycin, cetriazididine (CAZ, 30pg), ciproxacin, nalidixic acid and chloramphenicol. Isolates were resistant to one or more of the antibiotics tested. Among the drugs tested, resistance was more frequently observed against ampicillin, amoxycillin-clavulanic acid, tetracycline, ceftrixone and chroramphenicol antibiotics. Among the isolates 26(48%) were positive for the stx1 gene, 19(35%) had the eae gene, 10(19%) possessed est gene,while 8(15%) harboured elt gene. Overall five isolates (10%) possessed aspu gene and two (4%) had aggR gene. No isolate possessed ipah gene.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,859,090 |
Does antroduodenal Manometry be Abnormal in Children Presenting With Orthostatic Intolerance and Gastrointestinal Symptoms?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are common in patients with orthostatic intolerance (OI), including neurally mediated hypotension (NMH) and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS). Autonomic dysregulation is considered the underlying pathophysiology behind the cardiovascular symptoms of POTS. Because the autonomic nervous system also regulates GI motility, we hypothesized that patients with POTS and GI symptoms will have evidence of autonomic dysmotility of the upper GI tract.",
"Thirty-five subjects with OI and GI symptoms were studied. All the subjects had a 24-hour antroduodenal manometry (ADM) study, in conjunction with pharmacologic challenge and autonomic and tilt table testing (TTT).",
"The mean subject age was 16.2 ± 2.8 years (range 10-23.8 years), and male to female ratio was 10:25. TTT was abnormal in all the 35 subjects, whereas Valsalva testing was abnormal (+40 mmHG) in 21 of 34 (62%) subjects, and corrected QT interval was ≥0.44 seconds in 19 of 35 (54%) subjects. During TTT, GI symptoms were reproduced in 31 of 35 (89%) studies. ADM was found to be abnormal at baseline, before the TTT in 5 of 35 (14%) subjects, whereas it became abnormal in 23 of 34 (68%) subjects during TTT. In addition, the expected response to the pharmacologic challenge was limited. Overall, ADM was abnormal in 26 of 35 (74%) patients either at baseline or during TTT in these subjects with OI."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Abdominal Pain",
"Adolescent",
"Child",
"Duodenum",
"Female",
"Gastrointestinal Diseases",
"Gastrointestinal Motility",
"Humans",
"Hypotension, Orthostatic",
"Male",
"Manometry",
"Nausea",
"Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome",
"Retrospective Studies",
"Tilt-Table Test",
"Vomiting",
"Young Adult"
]
}
|
ADM is frequently abnormal in children with OI and GI symptoms. Upper GI motility studies should be a part of the comprehensive evaluation in this population.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does antroduodenal Manometry be Abnormal in Children Presenting With Orthostatic Intolerance and Gastrointestinal Symptoms?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are common in patients with orthostatic intolerance (OI), including neurally mediated hypotension (NMH) and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS). Autonomic dysregulation is considered the underlying pathophysiology behind the cardiovascular symptoms of POTS. Because the autonomic nervous system also regulates GI motility, we hypothesized that patients with POTS and GI symptoms will have evidence of autonomic dysmotility of the upper GI tract.', 'Thirty-five subjects with OI and GI symptoms were studied. All the subjects had a 24-hour antroduodenal manometry (ADM) study, in conjunction with pharmacologic challenge and autonomic and tilt table testing (TTT).', 'The mean subject age was 16.2\\u200a±\\u200a2.8 years (range 10-23.8 years), and male to female ratio was 10:25. TTT was abnormal in all the 35 subjects, whereas Valsalva testing was abnormal (+40 mmHG) in 21 of 34 (62%) subjects, and corrected QT interval was ≥0.44 seconds in 19 of 35 (54%) subjects. During TTT, GI symptoms were reproduced in 31 of 35 (89%) studies. ADM was found to be abnormal at baseline, before the TTT in 5 of 35 (14%) subjects, whereas it became abnormal in 23 of 34 (68%) subjects during TTT. In addition, the expected response to the pharmacologic challenge was limited. Overall, ADM was abnormal in 26 of 35 (74%) patients either at baseline or during TTT in these subjects with OI.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Abdominal Pain', 'Adolescent', 'Child', 'Duodenum', 'Female', 'Gastrointestinal Diseases', 'Gastrointestinal Motility', 'Humans', 'Hypotension, Orthostatic', 'Male', 'Manometry', 'Nausea', 'Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tilt-Table Test', 'Vomiting', 'Young Adult']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,855,396 |
Is higher Mortality in Surgically Managed Diverticulitis Associated with Asian Ethnicity and Right-Sided Disease?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Although right-sided diverticulitis is perceived to have a higher incidence among Asians and infrequently requires surgical management in comparison with sigmoid diverticulitis, it is unknown whether differences in outcomes are due to ethnic disparity or disease pathophysiology.",
"The aim of this study was to determine the surgical outcomes for Asian and non-Asian patients with diverticulitis who underwent colectomy.",
"Patients identifiable by ethnicity in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample with diverticulitis and colectomy between 2004 and 2010 were included. Univariate comparisons were made between Asian and non-Asian patients by using t tests for continuous variables and χ tests for categorical variables. Propensity score matching analysis was performed to compare Asian patients with otherwise similar non-Asian patients.",
"Included were 58,142 non-Asian and 335 Asian patients with diverticulitis who underwent a colectomy.",
"The primary outcomes were in-hospital mortality, hospital length of stay, and total costs.",
"Asian patients were younger (56.1 vs. 59.2 years, p < 0.0001), were more likely to undergo a right colectomy (22.7% vs. 4.1%, p < 0.0001), and were more likely to have emergent/urgent surgery than the non-Asian patients (67.1% vs. 49.8%, p < 0.0001). Without controlling for patient/disease factors, there were statistically significant differences in mortality (non-Asian 2.2% vs. Asian 4.2%; p = 0.014), length of stay (non-Asian 8.9 vs. Asian 9.8 days; p = 0.0166), and costs (non-Asian $18,783 vs. Asian $21,901; p = 0.001). Propensity score matching comparing 333 non-Asian patients with 333 similar Asian patients showed that, whereas differences in cost and length of stay became insignificant, the difference in mortality remained statistically significant."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Colectomy",
"Diverticulitis, Colonic",
"Ethnic Groups",
"Female",
"Hospital Mortality",
"Humans",
"Incidence",
"Laparoscopy",
"Length of Stay",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Postoperative Complications",
"Propensity Score",
"Retrospective Studies",
"Survival Rate",
"Treatment Outcome",
"United States"
]
}
|
The ethnicity variable was not uniformly collected by all states within the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is higher Mortality in Surgically Managed Diverticulitis Associated with Asian Ethnicity and Right-Sided Disease?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Although right-sided diverticulitis is perceived to have a higher incidence among Asians and infrequently requires surgical management in comparison with sigmoid diverticulitis, it is unknown whether differences in outcomes are due to ethnic disparity or disease pathophysiology.', 'The aim of this study was to determine the surgical outcomes for Asian and non-Asian patients with diverticulitis who underwent colectomy.', 'Patients identifiable by ethnicity in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample with diverticulitis and colectomy between 2004 and 2010 were included. Univariate comparisons were made between Asian and non-Asian patients by using t tests for continuous variables and χ tests for categorical variables. Propensity score matching analysis was performed to compare Asian patients with otherwise similar non-Asian patients.', 'Included were 58,142 non-Asian and 335 Asian patients with diverticulitis who underwent a colectomy.', 'The primary outcomes were in-hospital mortality, hospital length of stay, and total costs.', 'Asian patients were younger (56.1 vs. 59.2 years, p < 0.0001), were more likely to undergo a right colectomy (22.7% vs. 4.1%, p < 0.0001), and were more likely to have emergent/urgent surgery than the non-Asian patients (67.1% vs. 49.8%, p < 0.0001). Without controlling for patient/disease factors, there were statistically significant differences in mortality (non-Asian 2.2% vs. Asian 4.2%; p = 0.014), length of stay (non-Asian 8.9 vs. Asian 9.8 days; p = 0.0166), and costs (non-Asian $18,783 vs. Asian $21,901; p = 0.001). Propensity score matching comparing 333 non-Asian patients with 333 similar Asian patients showed that, whereas differences in cost and length of stay became insignificant, the difference in mortality remained statistically significant.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Colectomy', 'Diverticulitis, Colonic', 'Ethnic Groups', 'Female', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Laparoscopy', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Propensity Score', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Rate', 'Treatment Outcome', 'United States']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,854,010 |
Does molecular characterization of HCV in a Swedish county over 8 years ( 2002-2009 ) reveal distinct transmission patterns?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major public health concern and data on its molecular epidemiology in Sweden is scarce. We carried out an 8-year population-based study of newly diagnosed HCV cases in one of Sweden's centrally situated counties, Södermanland (D-county). The aim was to characterize the HCV strains circulating, analyze their genetic relatedness to detect networks, and in combination with demographic data learn more about transmission.",
"Molecular analyses of serum samples from 91% (N=557) of all newly notified cases in D-county, 2002-2009, were performed. Phylogenetic analysis (NS5B gene, 300 bp) was linked to demographic data from the national surveillance database, SmiNet, to characterize D-county transmission clusters. The linear-by-linear association test (LBL) was used to analyze trends over time.",
"The most prevalent subtypes were 1a (38%) and 3a (34%). Subtype 1a was most prevalent among cases transmitted via sexual contact, via contaminated blood, or blood products, while subtype 3a was most prevalent among people who inject drugs (PWIDs). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the subtype 3a sequences formed more and larger transmission clusters (50% of the sequences clustered), while the 1a sequences formed smaller clusters (19% of the sequences clustered), possibly suggesting different epidemics."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
}
|
We found different transmission patterns in D-county which may, from a public health perspective, have implications for how to control virus infections by targeted interventions.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does molecular characterization of HCV in a Swedish county over 8 years ( 2002-2009 ) reveal distinct transmission patterns?\nContext: {'contexts': [\"Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major public health concern and data on its molecular epidemiology in Sweden is scarce. We carried out an 8-year population-based study of newly diagnosed HCV cases in one of Sweden's centrally situated counties, Södermanland (D-county). The aim was to characterize the HCV strains circulating, analyze their genetic relatedness to detect networks, and in combination with demographic data learn more about transmission.\", 'Molecular analyses of serum samples from 91% (N=557) of all newly notified cases in D-county, 2002-2009, were performed. Phylogenetic analysis (NS5B gene, 300 bp) was linked to demographic data from the national surveillance database, SmiNet, to characterize D-county transmission clusters. The linear-by-linear association test (LBL) was used to analyze trends over time.', 'The most prevalent subtypes were 1a (38%) and 3a (34%). Subtype 1a was most prevalent among cases transmitted via sexual contact, via contaminated blood, or blood products, while subtype 3a was most prevalent among people who inject drugs (PWIDs). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the subtype 3a sequences formed more and larger transmission clusters (50% of the sequences clustered), while the 1a sequences formed smaller clusters (19% of the sequences clustered), possibly suggesting different epidemics.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,851,957 |
Does uCA1 overexpression predict clinical outcome of patients with ovarian cancer receiving adjuvant chemotherapy?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Urothelial carcinoma associated 1 (UCA1) functions as an oncogene, which promotes cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, and is responsible for drug resistance. This study aimed to determine the expression level of UCA1 in ovarian cancer and to further investigate its clinical significance.",
"The expression levels of UCA1 in ovarian cancer and normal ovaries were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. The relationship between UCA1 expression and clinical features and the prognostic value of UCA1 for overall survival were examined.",
"UCA1 expression in ovarian cancer tissues was significantly upregulated compared with normal ovarian tissues. High UCA1 expression was related to lymph node metastasis, FIGO stage, and response to chemotherapy. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that high UCA1 expression was associated with poorer overall survival in patients with ovarian cancer. Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that high UCA1 expression was an independent prognostic marker of poor outcome. This effect remained significant in the further stratification analysis."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Antineoplastic Agents",
"Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial",
"Chemotherapy, Adjuvant",
"Disease Progression",
"Female",
"Follow-Up Studies",
"Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic",
"Humans",
"Kaplan-Meier Estimate",
"Lymphatic Metastasis",
"Middle Aged",
"Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial",
"Ovarian Neoplasms",
"Prognosis",
"RNA, Long Noncoding",
"Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction",
"Up-Regulation"
]
}
|
Our findings provided the first evidence that UCA1 may serve as an indicator of response to chemotherapy and prognosis of ovarian cancer. UCA1 may play an important role in the progression of ovarian cancer.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does uCA1 overexpression predict clinical outcome of patients with ovarian cancer receiving adjuvant chemotherapy?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Urothelial carcinoma associated 1 (UCA1) functions as an oncogene, which promotes cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, and is responsible for drug resistance. This study aimed to determine the expression level of UCA1 in ovarian cancer and to further investigate its clinical significance.', 'The expression levels of UCA1 in ovarian cancer and normal ovaries were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. The relationship between UCA1 expression and clinical features and the prognostic value of UCA1 for overall survival were examined.', 'UCA1 expression in ovarian cancer tissues was significantly upregulated compared with normal ovarian tissues. High UCA1 expression was related to lymph node metastasis, FIGO stage, and response to chemotherapy. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that high UCA1 expression was associated with poorer overall survival in patients with ovarian cancer. Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that high UCA1 expression was an independent prognostic marker of poor outcome. This effect remained significant in the further stratification analysis.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Prognosis', 'RNA, Long Noncoding', 'Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Up-Regulation']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,872,828 |
Do immediate effect of vibratory stimuli on quadriceps function in healthy adults?
|
{
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of whole body vibration (WBV) and local muscle vibration (LMV) on quadriceps function.",
"Sixty adults were randomized to WBV, LMV, or control groups. Quadriceps function [Hoffmann (H)-reflex, active motor threshold (AMT), motor evoked potential (MEP) and electromyographic amplitude, peak torque (PT), rate of torque development (RTD), and central activation ratio (CAR)] was assessed before and immediately after and 10 and 20 minutes after interventions.",
"WBV improved PT, CAR, AMT, EMG, and MEP amplitude, and EMG amplitude and CAR were greater than control after application. LMV improved EMG amplitude and AMT, and EMG amplitude was greater than control after application. AMT remained lower 10 and 20 minutes after WBV and LMV. No differences were noted between LMV and WBV. Vibration did not influence H-reflex or RTD."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adolescent",
"Analysis of Variance",
"Electromyography",
"Ergometry",
"Evoked Potentials, Motor",
"Female",
"H-Reflex",
"Healthy Volunteers",
"Humans",
"Isometric Contraction",
"Male",
"Motor Neurons",
"Muscle Strength Dynamometer",
"Physical Stimulation",
"Quadriceps Muscle",
"Time Factors",
"Vibration",
"Young Adult"
]
}
|
WBV and LMV increased quadriceps function and may be used to enhance the efficacy of strengthening protocols. Muscle Nerve 54: 469-478, 2016.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do immediate effect of vibratory stimuli on quadriceps function in healthy adults?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of whole body vibration (WBV) and local muscle vibration (LMV) on quadriceps function.', 'Sixty adults were randomized to WBV, LMV, or control groups. Quadriceps function [Hoffmann (H)-reflex, active motor threshold (AMT), motor evoked potential (MEP) and electromyographic amplitude, peak torque (PT), rate of torque development (RTD), and central activation ratio (CAR)] was assessed before and immediately after and 10 and 20 minutes after interventions.', 'WBV improved PT, CAR, AMT, EMG, and MEP amplitude, and EMG amplitude and CAR were greater than control after application. LMV improved EMG amplitude and AMT, and EMG amplitude was greater than control after application. AMT remained lower 10 and 20 minutes after WBV and LMV. No differences were noted between LMV and WBV. Vibration did not influence H-reflex or RTD.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adolescent', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Electromyography', 'Ergometry', 'Evoked Potentials, Motor', 'Female', 'H-Reflex', 'Healthy Volunteers', 'Humans', 'Isometric Contraction', 'Male', 'Motor Neurons', 'Muscle Strength Dynamometer', 'Physical Stimulation', 'Quadriceps Muscle', 'Time Factors', 'Vibration', 'Young Adult']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,872,827 |
Do genome-wide studies reveal novel and distinct biological pathways regulated by SIN3 isoforms?
|
{
"contexts": [
"The multisubunit SIN3 complex is a global transcriptional regulator. In Drosophila, a single Sin3A gene encodes different isoforms of SIN3, of which SIN3 187 and SIN3 220 are the major isoforms. Previous studies have demonstrated functional non-redundancy of SIN3 isoforms. The role of SIN3 isoforms in regulating distinct biological processes, however, is not well characterized.",
"We established a Drosophila S2 cell culture model system in which cells predominantly express either SIN3 187 or SIN3 220. To identify genomic targets of SIN3 isoforms, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing. Our data demonstrate that upon overexpression of SIN3 187, the level of SIN3 220 decreased and the large majority of genomic sites bound by SIN3 220 were instead bound by SIN3 187. We used RNA-seq to identify genes regulated by the expression of one isoform or the other. In S2 cells, which predominantly express SIN3 220, we found that SIN3 220 directly regulates genes involved in metabolism and cell proliferation. We also determined that SIN3 187 regulates a unique set of genes and likely modulates expression of many genes also regulated by SIN3 220. Interestingly, biological pathways enriched for genes specifically regulated by SIN3 187 strongly suggest that this isoform plays an important role during the transition from the embryonic to the larval stage of development."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Binding Sites",
"Drosophila",
"Gene Expression Profiling",
"Gene Expression Regulation",
"Genome-Wide Association Study",
"Histone Deacetylases",
"Models, Biological",
"Protein Binding",
"Protein Isoforms",
"Signal Transduction",
"Transcriptome"
]
}
|
These data establish the role of SIN3 isoforms in regulating distinct biological processes. This study substantially contributes to our understanding of the complexity of gene regulation by SIN3.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do genome-wide studies reveal novel and distinct biological pathways regulated by SIN3 isoforms?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The multisubunit SIN3 complex is a global transcriptional regulator. In Drosophila, a single Sin3A gene encodes different isoforms of SIN3, of which SIN3 187 and SIN3 220 are the major isoforms. Previous studies have demonstrated functional non-redundancy of SIN3 isoforms. The role of SIN3 isoforms in regulating distinct biological processes, however, is not well characterized.', 'We established a Drosophila S2 cell culture model system in which cells predominantly express either SIN3 187 or SIN3 220. To identify genomic targets of SIN3 isoforms, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing. Our data demonstrate that upon overexpression of SIN3 187, the level of SIN3 220 decreased and the large majority of genomic sites bound by SIN3 220 were instead bound by SIN3 187. We used RNA-seq to identify genes regulated by the expression of one isoform or the other. In S2 cells, which predominantly express SIN3 220, we found that SIN3 220 directly regulates genes involved in metabolism and cell proliferation. We also determined that SIN3 187 regulates a unique set of genes and likely modulates expression of many genes also regulated by SIN3 220. Interestingly, biological pathways enriched for genes specifically regulated by SIN3 187 strongly suggest that this isoform plays an important role during the transition from the embryonic to the larval stage of development.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Drosophila', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genome-Wide Association Study', 'Histone Deacetylases', 'Models, Biological', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Isoforms', 'Signal Transduction', 'Transcriptome']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,873,528 |
Is elevated TNF-α associated with pain and physical disability in mucopolysaccharidosis types I , II , and VI?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Children and adults with the lysosomal storage diseases mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) types I, II and VI live shortened lives permeated by chronic pain and physical disability. Current treatments do not alleviate these problems. Thus there is a critical need to understand the mechanism of chronic pain and disability in MPS in order to improve the way we treat patients. A potential target is inflammation.",
"We hypothesized that excessive inflammation mediated by the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inflammatory pathway is the fundamental cause of much of the chronic pain and physical disability in MPS.",
"55 patients with MPS I, II, or VI were enrolled over the course of a 5-year prospective longitudinal natural history study and evaluated annually for 2-5years. 51 healthy controls were enrolled in a separate cross-sectional study of bone and energy metabolism. TNF-α was measured by ELISA. Pain and physical disability were measured by the Children's Health Questionnaire - Parent Form 50 (CHQ-PF50). Differences in log-transformed TNF-α levels and associations with CHQ domains were evaluated using a linear mixed effects model with random intercept.",
"TNF-α levels were measured in 48 MPS (age: 5-17years; 35% female) and 51 controls (age: 8-17years; 53% female). Among MPS, 22 (46%) were treated with hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) alone, 24 (50%) with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) alone, and 2 (4%) with both HCT and ERT. TNF-α levels are higher in MPS compared to healthy controls (p<0.001). Higher TNF-α levels are associated with increased pain and decreased physical function, social limitations due to physical health, and physical summary score (all p<0.05). TNF-α levels were not significantly associated with the general health score. TNF-α levels did not change significantly over time in MPS."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adolescent",
"Child",
"Child, Preschool",
"Cross-Sectional Studies",
"Disabled Persons",
"Disease Progression",
"Female",
"Health Status",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Mucopolysaccharidoses",
"Pain",
"Pain Measurement",
"Patient Outcome Assessment",
"Prospective Studies",
"Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha"
]
}
|
Higher TNF-α levels are implicated in the pain and decreased physical function present in individuals with MPS despite treatment with ERT and/or HCT, suggesting that TNF-a inhibition could potentially be a useful adjunctive therapy. Further investigation into the role of TNF-α inhibition in MPS to decrease pain and improve physical function is indicated.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is elevated TNF-α associated with pain and physical disability in mucopolysaccharidosis types I , II , and VI?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Children and adults with the lysosomal storage diseases mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) types I, II and VI live shortened lives permeated by chronic pain and physical disability. Current treatments do not alleviate these problems. Thus there is a critical need to understand the mechanism of chronic pain and disability in MPS in order to improve the way we treat patients. A potential target is inflammation.', 'We hypothesized that excessive inflammation mediated by the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inflammatory pathway is the fundamental cause of much of the chronic pain and physical disability in MPS.', \"55 patients with MPS I, II, or VI were enrolled over the course of a 5-year prospective longitudinal natural history study and evaluated annually for 2-5years. 51 healthy controls were enrolled in a separate cross-sectional study of bone and energy metabolism. TNF-α was measured by ELISA. Pain and physical disability were measured by the Children's Health Questionnaire - Parent Form 50 (CHQ-PF50). Differences in log-transformed TNF-α levels and associations with CHQ domains were evaluated using a linear mixed effects model with random intercept.\", 'TNF-α levels were measured in 48 MPS (age: 5-17years; 35% female) and 51 controls (age: 8-17years; 53% female). Among MPS, 22 (46%) were treated with hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) alone, 24 (50%) with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) alone, and 2 (4%) with both HCT and ERT. TNF-α levels are higher in MPS compared to healthy controls (p<0.001). Higher TNF-α levels are associated with increased pain and decreased physical function, social limitations due to physical health, and physical summary score (all p<0.05). TNF-α levels were not significantly associated with the general health score. TNF-α levels did not change significantly over time in MPS.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Disabled Persons', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mucopolysaccharidoses', 'Pain', 'Pain Measurement', 'Patient Outcome Assessment', 'Prospective Studies', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,853,806 |
Is migraine related to an increased risk of Parkinson 's disease : A population-based , propensity score-matched , longitudinal follow-up study?
|
{
"contexts": [
"The association between migraine and Parkinson's disease (PD) remains controversial. The purpose of the present population-based, propensity score-matched follow-up study was to investigate whether migraineurs are at a higher risk of developing PD.",
"A total of 41,019 subjects aged between 40 and 90 years with at least two ambulatory visits with a diagnosis of migraine in 2001 were enrolled in the migraine group. A logistic regression model that included age, sex, pre-existing comorbidities and socioeconomic status as covariates was used to compute the propensity score. The non-migraine group consisted of 41,019 propensity score-matched, randomly sampled subjects without migraine. The PD-free survival rate were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Stratified Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate the effect of migraine on the risk of developing PD.",
"During follow-up, 148 subjects in the migraine group and 101 in the non-migraine group developed PD. Compared to the non-migraine group, the hazard ratio of PD for the migraine group was 1.64 (95% confidence interval: 1.25-2.14, p = 0.0004). The PD-free survival rate for the migraine group was significantly lower than that for the non-migraine group (p = 0.0041)."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Female",
"Follow-Up Studies",
"Humans",
"Longitudinal Studies",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Migraine Disorders",
"Parkinson Disease",
"Population Surveillance",
"Propensity Score",
"Risk Factors",
"Taiwan"
]
}
|
This study showed an increased risk of developing PD in patients with migraine.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is migraine related to an increased risk of Parkinson 's disease : A population-based , propensity score-matched , longitudinal follow-up study?\nContext: {'contexts': [\"The association between migraine and Parkinson's disease (PD) remains controversial. The purpose of the present population-based, propensity score-matched follow-up study was to investigate whether migraineurs are at a higher risk of developing PD.\", 'A total of 41,019 subjects aged between 40 and 90 years with at least two ambulatory visits with a diagnosis of migraine in 2001 were enrolled in the migraine group. A logistic regression model that included age, sex, pre-existing comorbidities and socioeconomic status as covariates was used to compute the propensity score. The non-migraine group consisted of 41,019 propensity score-matched, randomly sampled subjects without migraine. The PD-free survival rate were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Stratified Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate the effect of migraine on the risk of developing PD.', 'During follow-up, 148 subjects in the migraine group and 101 in the non-migraine group developed PD. Compared to the non-migraine group, the hazard ratio of PD for the migraine group was 1.64 (95% confidence interval: 1.25-2.14, p\\u2009=\\u20090.0004). The PD-free survival rate for the migraine group was significantly lower than that for the non-migraine group (p\\u2009=\\u20090.0041).'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Migraine Disorders', 'Parkinson Disease', 'Population Surveillance', 'Propensity Score', 'Risk Factors', 'Taiwan']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,865,835 |
Is mutation pattern an influential factor on functional mutation rates in cancer?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Mutation rates are consistently varied in cancer genome and play an important role in tumorigenesis, however, little has been known about their function potential and impact on the distribution of functional mutations. In this study, we investigated genomic features which affect mutation pattern and the function importance of mutation pattern in cancer.",
"Somatic mutations of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma, liver cancer, lung cancer and melanoma and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were intersected with 54 distinct genomic features. Somatic mutation and SNP densities were then computed for each feature type. We constructed 2856 1-Mb windows, in which each row (1-Mb window) contains somatic mutation, SNP densities and 54 feature vectors. Correlation analyses were conducted between somatic mutation, SNP densities and each feature vector. We also built two random forest models, namely somatic mutation model (CSM) and SNP model to predict somatic mutation and SNP densities on a 1-Kb scale. The relation of CSM and SNP scores was further analyzed with the distributions of deleterious coding variants predicted by SIFT and Mutation Assessor, non-coding functional variants evaluated with FunSeq 2 and GWAVA and disease-causing variants from HGMD and ClinVar databases.",
"We observed a wide range of genomic features which affect local mutation rates, such as replication time, transcription levels, histone marks and regulatory elements. Repressive histone marks, replication time and promoter contributed most to the CSM models, while, recombination rate and chromatin organizations were most important for the SNP model. We showed low mutated regions preferentially have higher densities of deleterious coding mutations, higher average scores of non-coding variants, higher fraction of functional regions and higher enrichment of disease-causing variants as compared to high mutated regions."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
}
|
Somatic mutation densities vary largely across cancer genome, mutation frequency is a major indication of function and influence on the distribution of functional mutations in cancer.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is mutation pattern an influential factor on functional mutation rates in cancer?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Mutation rates are consistently varied in cancer genome and play an important role in tumorigenesis, however, little has been known about their function potential and impact on the distribution of functional mutations. In this study, we investigated genomic features which affect mutation pattern and the function importance of mutation pattern in cancer.', 'Somatic mutations of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma, liver cancer, lung cancer and melanoma and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were intersected with 54 distinct genomic features. Somatic mutation and SNP densities were then computed for each feature type. We constructed 2856 1-Mb windows, in which each row (1-Mb window) contains somatic mutation, SNP densities and 54 feature vectors. Correlation analyses were conducted between somatic mutation, SNP densities and each feature vector. We also built two random forest models, namely somatic mutation model (CSM) and SNP model to predict somatic mutation and SNP densities on a 1-Kb scale. The relation of CSM and SNP scores was further analyzed with the distributions of deleterious coding variants predicted by SIFT and Mutation Assessor, non-coding functional variants evaluated with FunSeq 2 and GWAVA and disease-causing variants from HGMD and ClinVar databases.', 'We observed a wide range of genomic features which affect local mutation rates, such as replication time, transcription levels, histone marks and regulatory elements. Repressive histone marks, replication time and promoter contributed most to the CSM models, while, recombination rate and chromatin organizations were most important for the SNP model. We showed low mutated regions preferentially have higher densities of deleterious coding mutations, higher average scores of non-coding variants, higher fraction of functional regions and higher enrichment of disease-causing variants as compared to high mutated regions.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,876,350 |
Does aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-Induced AIM2 Inflammasome Activation be Suppressed by Xylitol in Differentiated THP-1 Macrophages?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Aggressive periodontitis is characterized by rapid destruction of periodontal tissue caused by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Interleukin (IL)-1β is a proinflammatory cytokine, and its production is tightly regulated by inflammasome activation. Xylitol, an anticaries agent, is anti-inflammatory, but its effect on inflammasome activation has not been researched. This study investigates the effect of xylitol on inflammasome activation induced by A. actinomycetemcomitans.",
"The differentiated THP-1 macrophages were stimulated by A. actinomycetemcomitans with or without xylitol and the expressions of IL-1β and inflammasome components were detected by real time PCR, ELISA, confocal microscopy and Immunoblot analysis. The effects of xylitol on the adhesion and invasion of A. actinomycetemcomitans to cells were measured by viable cell count.",
"A. actinomycetemcomitans increased pro IL-1β synthesis and IL-1β secretion in a multiplicity of infection- and time-dependent manner. A. actinomycetemcomitans also stimulated caspase-1 activation. Among inflammasome components, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) and absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) proteins were upregulated by A. actinomycetemcomitans infection. When cells were pretreated with xylitol, proIL-1β and IL-1β production by A. actinomycetemcomitans infection was significantly decreased. Xylitol also inhibited ASC and AIM2 proteins and formation of ASC puncta. Furthermore, xylitol suppressed internalization of A. actinomycetemcomitans into differentiated THP-1 macrophages without affecting viability of A. actinomycetemcomitans within cells."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans",
"Caspase 1",
"DNA-Binding Proteins",
"Humans",
"Inflammasomes",
"Interleukin-1beta",
"Macrophages",
"NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein",
"Sweetening Agents",
"Xylitol"
]
}
|
A. actinomycetemcomitans induced IL-1β production and AIM2 inflammasome activation. Xylitol inhibited these effects, possibly by suppressing internalization of A. actinomycetemcomitans into cells. Thus, this study proposes a mechanism for IL-1β production via inflammasome activation and discusses a possible use for xylitol in periodontal inflammation caused by A. actinomycetemcomitans.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-Induced AIM2 Inflammasome Activation be Suppressed by Xylitol in Differentiated THP-1 Macrophages?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Aggressive periodontitis is characterized by rapid destruction of periodontal tissue caused by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Interleukin (IL)-1β is a proinflammatory cytokine, and its production is tightly regulated by inflammasome activation. Xylitol, an anticaries agent, is anti-inflammatory, but its effect on inflammasome activation has not been researched. This study investigates the effect of xylitol on inflammasome activation induced by A. actinomycetemcomitans.', 'The differentiated THP-1 macrophages were stimulated by A. actinomycetemcomitans with or without xylitol and the expressions of IL-1β and inflammasome components were detected by real time PCR, ELISA, confocal microscopy and Immunoblot analysis. The effects of xylitol on the adhesion and invasion of A. actinomycetemcomitans to cells were measured by viable cell count.', 'A. actinomycetemcomitans increased pro IL-1β synthesis and IL-1β secretion in a multiplicity of infection- and time-dependent manner. A. actinomycetemcomitans also stimulated caspase-1 activation. Among inflammasome components, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) and absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) proteins were upregulated by A. actinomycetemcomitans infection. When cells were pretreated with xylitol, proIL-1β and IL-1β production by A. actinomycetemcomitans infection was significantly decreased. Xylitol also inhibited ASC and AIM2 proteins and formation of ASC puncta. Furthermore, xylitol suppressed internalization of A. actinomycetemcomitans into differentiated THP-1 macrophages without affecting viability of A. actinomycetemcomitans within cells.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans', 'Caspase 1', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Humans', 'Inflammasomes', 'Interleukin-1beta', 'Macrophages', 'NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein', 'Sweetening Agents', 'Xylitol']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,873,460 |
Is strain echocardiography related to fibrosis and ventricular arrhythmias in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients are at risk of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs). We aimed to explore whether systolic function by strain echocardiography is related to VAs and to the extent of fibrosis by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR).",
"We included 150 HCM patients and 50 healthy individuals. VAs were defined as non-sustained and sustained ventricular tachycardia and aborted cardiac arrest. Left ventricular function was assessed by ejection fraction (EF) and by global longitudinal strain (GLS) assessed by speckle tracking echocardiography. Mechanical dispersion was calculated as standard deviation (SD) of time from Q/R on ECG to peak longitudinal strain in 16 left ventricular segments. Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) was assessed by CMR. HCM patients had similar EF (61 ± 5% vs. 61 ± 8%, P = 0.77), but worse GLS (-15.7 ± 3.6% vs. -21.1 ± 1.9%, P < 0.001) and more pronounced mechanical dispersion (64 ± 22 vs. 36 ± 13 ms, P < 0.001) compared with healthy individuals. VAs were documented in 37 (25%) HCM patients. Patients with VAs had worse GLS (-14.1 ± 3.6% vs. -16.3 ± 3.4%, P < 0.01), more pronounced mechanical dispersion (79 ± 27 vs. 59 ± 16 ms, P < 0.001), and higher %LGE (6.1 ± 7.8% vs. 0.5 ± 1.4%, P < 0.001) than patients without VAs. Mechanical dispersion correlated with %LGE (R = 0.52, P < 0.001) and was independently associated with VAs (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.3, P = 0.02) and improved risk stratification for VAs."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic",
"Comorbidity",
"Cross-Sectional Studies",
"Echocardiography",
"Electrocardiography, Ambulatory",
"Female",
"Fibrosis",
"Humans",
"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted",
"Kaplan-Meier Estimate",
"Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Multivariate Analysis",
"Myocardium",
"Prognosis",
"ROC Curve",
"Reference Values",
"Risk Assessment",
"Severity of Illness Index",
"Survival Analysis",
"Tachycardia, Ventricular",
"Ultrasonography, Doppler"
]
}
|
GLS, mechanical dispersion, and LGE were markers of VAs in HCM patients. Mechanical dispersion was a strong independent predictor of VAs and related to the extent of fibrosis. Strain echocardiography may improve risk stratification of VAs in HCM.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is strain echocardiography related to fibrosis and ventricular arrhythmias in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients are at risk of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs). We aimed to explore whether systolic function by strain echocardiography is related to VAs and to the extent of fibrosis by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR).', 'We included 150 HCM patients and 50 healthy individuals. VAs were defined as non-sustained and sustained ventricular tachycardia and aborted cardiac arrest. Left ventricular function was assessed by ejection fraction (EF) and by global longitudinal strain (GLS) assessed by speckle tracking echocardiography. Mechanical dispersion was calculated as standard deviation (SD) of time from Q/R on ECG to peak longitudinal strain in 16 left ventricular segments. Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) was assessed by CMR. HCM patients had similar EF (61 ± 5% vs. 61 ± 8%, P = 0.77), but worse GLS (-15.7 ± 3.6% vs. -21.1 ± 1.9%, P < 0.001) and more pronounced mechanical dispersion (64 ± 22 vs. 36 ± 13 ms, P < 0.001) compared with healthy individuals. VAs were documented in 37 (25%) HCM patients. Patients with VAs had worse GLS (-14.1 ± 3.6% vs. -16.3 ± 3.4%, P < 0.01), more pronounced mechanical dispersion (79 ± 27 vs. 59 ± 16 ms, P < 0.001), and higher %LGE (6.1 ± 7.8% vs. 0.5 ± 1.4%, P < 0.001) than patients without VAs. Mechanical dispersion correlated with %LGE (R = 0.52, P < 0.001) and was independently associated with VAs (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.3, P = 0.02) and improved risk stratification for VAs.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic', 'Comorbidity', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Echocardiography', 'Electrocardiography, Ambulatory', 'Female', 'Fibrosis', 'Humans', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Myocardium', 'Prognosis', 'ROC Curve', 'Reference Values', 'Risk Assessment', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Survival Analysis', 'Tachycardia, Ventricular', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,857,093 |
Does genome-wide association study in mice identify loci affecting liver-related phenotypes including Sel1l influencing serum bile acids?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Using publicly available data from inbred mouse strains, we conducted a genome-wide association study to identify loci that accounted for liver-related phenotypes between C57BL/6J and A/J mice fed a Paigen diet. We confirmed genome-wide significant associations for hepatic cholesterol (chromosome 10A2) and serum total bile acid concentration (chromosome 12E) and identified a new locus for liver inflammation (chromosome 7C). Analysis of consomic mice confirmed that chromosome 12 A/J alleles accounted for the variance in serum total bile acid concentrations and had pleiotropic effects on liver mass, serum cholesterol, and serum alanine aminotransferase activity. Using an affected-only haplotype analysis among strains, we refined the chromosome 12E signal to a 1.95 Mb linkage disequilibrium block containing only one gene, sel-1 suppressor of lin-12-like (Sel1l). RNA sequencing and immunoblotting demonstrated that the risk allele locally conferred reduced expression of SEL1L in liver and distantly down-regulated pathways associated with hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 homeobox A (Hnf1a) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4A (Hnf4a), known modifiers of bile acid transporters and metabolic traits. Consistent with these data, knockdown of SEL1L in HepG2 cells resulted in reduced HNF1A and HNF4A and increased bile acids in culture media; it further captured multiple molecular signatures observed in consomic mouse livers with reduced SEL1L. Finally, dogs harboring a SEL1L mutation and Sel1l(+/-) mice fed a Paigen diet had significantly increased serum total bile acid concentrations, providing independent confirmation linking SEL1L to bile acid metabolism."
],
"labels": [
"UNLABELLED"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Bile Acids and Salts",
"Dogs",
"Fatty Liver",
"Genetic Pleiotropy",
"Genome-Wide Association Study",
"Haplotypes",
"Hep G2 Cells",
"Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-alpha",
"Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4",
"Humans",
"Liver",
"Male",
"Mice, Inbred C57BL",
"Mice, Knockout",
"Phenotype",
"Proteins"
]
}
|
Genetic analyses of inbred mouse strains identified loci affecting different liver-related traits and implicated Sel1l as a significant determinant of serum bile acid concentration. (Hepatology 2016;63:1943-1956).
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does genome-wide association study in mice identify loci affecting liver-related phenotypes including Sel1l influencing serum bile acids?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Using publicly available data from inbred mouse strains, we conducted a genome-wide association study to identify loci that accounted for liver-related phenotypes between C57BL/6J and A/J mice fed a Paigen diet. We confirmed genome-wide significant associations for hepatic cholesterol (chromosome 10A2) and serum total bile acid concentration (chromosome 12E) and identified a new locus for liver inflammation (chromosome 7C). Analysis of consomic mice confirmed that chromosome 12 A/J alleles accounted for the variance in serum total bile acid concentrations and had pleiotropic effects on liver mass, serum cholesterol, and serum alanine aminotransferase activity. Using an affected-only haplotype analysis among strains, we refined the chromosome 12E signal to a 1.95 Mb linkage disequilibrium block containing only one gene, sel-1 suppressor of lin-12-like (Sel1l). RNA sequencing and immunoblotting demonstrated that the risk allele locally conferred reduced expression of SEL1L in liver and distantly down-regulated pathways associated with hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 homeobox A (Hnf1a) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4A (Hnf4a), known modifiers of bile acid transporters and metabolic traits. Consistent with these data, knockdown of SEL1L in HepG2 cells resulted in reduced HNF1A and HNF4A and increased bile acids in culture media; it further captured multiple molecular signatures observed in consomic mouse livers with reduced SEL1L. Finally, dogs harboring a SEL1L mutation and Sel1l(+/-) mice fed a Paigen diet had significantly increased serum total bile acid concentrations, providing independent confirmation linking SEL1L to bile acid metabolism.'], 'labels': ['UNLABELLED'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Bile Acids and Salts', 'Dogs', 'Fatty Liver', 'Genetic Pleiotropy', 'Genome-Wide Association Study', 'Haplotypes', 'Hep G2 Cells', 'Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-alpha', 'Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4', 'Humans', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Phenotype', 'Proteins']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,857,113 |
Does platelet activation independent of pulmonary inflammation contribute to diesel exhaust particulate-induced promotion of arterial thrombosis?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Accelerated thrombus formation induced by exposure to combustion-derived air pollution has been linked to alterations in endogenous fibrinolysis and platelet activation in response to pulmonary and systemic inflammation. We hypothesised that mechanisms independent of inflammation contribute to accelerated thrombus formation following exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEP).",
"Thrombosis in rats was assessed 2, 6 and 24 h after administration of DEP, carbon black (CB; control carbon nanoparticle), DQ12 quartz microparticles (to induce pulmonary inflammation) or saline (vehicle) by either intra-tracheal instillation (0.5 mg, except Quartz; 0.125 mg) or intravenous injection (0.5 mg/kg). Thrombogenicity was assessed by carotid artery occlusion, fibrinolytic variables and platelet-monocyte aggregates. Measures of inflammation were determined in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 were measured following direct in vitro exposure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to DEP (10-150 μg/mL).",
"Instillation of DEP reduced the time to thrombotic occlusion in vivo, coinciding with the peak of DEP-induced pulmonary inflammation (6 h). CB and DQ12 produced greater inflammation than DEP but did not alter time to thrombotic occlusion. Intravenous DEP produced an earlier (2 h) acceleration of thrombosis (as did CB) without pulmonary or systemic inflammation. DEP inhibited t-PA and PAI-1 release from HUVECs, and reduced the t-PA/PAI-1 ratio in vivo; similar effects in vivo were seen with CB and DQ12. DEP, but not CB or DQ12, increased platelet-monocyte aggregates."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Arterial Occlusive Diseases",
"Blood Platelets",
"Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid",
"Carotid Stenosis",
"Cells, Cultured",
"Fibrinolysis",
"Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells",
"Inflammation Mediators",
"Male",
"Particle Size",
"Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1",
"Platelet Activation",
"Platelet Adhesiveness",
"Pneumonia",
"Quartz",
"Rats, Wistar",
"Soot",
"Thrombosis",
"Time Factors",
"Tissue Plasminogen Activator",
"Vehicle Emissions"
]
}
|
DEP accelerates arterial thrombus formation through increased platelet activation. This effect is dissociated from pulmonary and systemic inflammation and from impaired fibrinolytic function.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does platelet activation independent of pulmonary inflammation contribute to diesel exhaust particulate-induced promotion of arterial thrombosis?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Accelerated thrombus formation induced by exposure to combustion-derived air pollution has been linked to alterations in endogenous fibrinolysis and platelet activation in response to pulmonary and systemic inflammation. We hypothesised that mechanisms independent of inflammation contribute to accelerated thrombus formation following exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEP).', 'Thrombosis in rats was assessed 2, 6 and 24 h after administration of DEP, carbon black (CB; control carbon nanoparticle), DQ12 quartz microparticles (to induce pulmonary inflammation) or saline (vehicle) by either intra-tracheal instillation (0.5 mg, except Quartz; 0.125 mg) or intravenous injection (0.5 mg/kg). Thrombogenicity was assessed by carotid artery occlusion, fibrinolytic variables and platelet-monocyte aggregates. Measures of inflammation were determined in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 were measured following direct in vitro exposure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to DEP (10-150 μg/mL).', 'Instillation of DEP reduced the time to thrombotic occlusion in vivo, coinciding with the peak of DEP-induced pulmonary inflammation (6 h). CB and DQ12 produced greater inflammation than DEP but did not alter time to thrombotic occlusion. Intravenous DEP produced an earlier (2 h) acceleration of thrombosis (as did CB) without pulmonary or systemic inflammation. DEP inhibited t-PA and PAI-1 release from HUVECs, and reduced the t-PA/PAI-1 ratio in vivo; similar effects in vivo were seen with CB and DQ12. DEP, but not CB or DQ12, increased platelet-monocyte aggregates.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Arterial Occlusive Diseases', 'Blood Platelets', 'Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid', 'Carotid Stenosis', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Fibrinolysis', 'Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells', 'Inflammation Mediators', 'Male', 'Particle Size', 'Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1', 'Platelet Activation', 'Platelet Adhesiveness', 'Pneumonia', 'Quartz', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Soot', 'Thrombosis', 'Time Factors', 'Tissue Plasminogen Activator', 'Vehicle Emissions']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,866,618 |
Does gaAlAs laser-induced pulp mineralization involve dentin matrix protein 1 and osteopontin expression?
|
{
"contexts": [
"GaAlAs lasers induce pulp mineralization by promoting reparative dentinogenesis. This study analyzed the expression of dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) and osteopontin in GaAlAs laser-irradiated rat molars, to examine the hypothesis that these proteins play a role in the laser-induced reparative dentinogenic process.",
"The mesial surfaces of the upper first molars of 8-week-old Wistar rats were irradiated with a pulsed GaAlAs laser. After 1-14 days, mRNA expression of DMP1 and osteopontin in the coronal pulp was analyzed using real-time PCR. DMP1, osteopontin, and heat shock protein 25 (HSP25) were immunolocalized at 1-21 days.",
"The pulp exhibited a degenerative zone in its mesial portion on days 1-3, and progressive formation of reparative dentin lined with HSP25-immunoreactive odontoblast-like cells, from day 7 onwards. DMP1 and osteopontin mRNA expression were significantly upregulated on days 1-7 and 3-7, respectively. From day 7 onwards, DMP1 and osteopontin immunoreactivity colocalized along the boundary between the primary and reparative dentin."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Dental Pulp",
"Dentin, Secondary",
"Extracellular Matrix Proteins",
"HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins",
"Immunohistochemistry",
"Lasers, Semiconductor",
"Male",
"Molar",
"Odontoblasts",
"Osteopontin",
"Phosphoproteins",
"Rats",
"Rats, Wistar",
"Up-Regulation"
]
}
|
GaAlAs laser irradiation of rat molars induced upregulated DMP1 and osteopontin mRNA expression in the coronal pulp, followed by the formation of reparative dentin and the colocalization of DMP1 and osteopontin immunoreactivity at the site at which this tissue first appeared.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does gaAlAs laser-induced pulp mineralization involve dentin matrix protein 1 and osteopontin expression?\nContext: {'contexts': ['GaAlAs lasers induce pulp mineralization by promoting reparative dentinogenesis. This study analyzed the expression of dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) and osteopontin in GaAlAs laser-irradiated rat molars, to examine the hypothesis that these proteins play a role in the laser-induced reparative dentinogenic process.', 'The mesial surfaces of the upper first molars of 8-week-old Wistar rats were irradiated with a pulsed GaAlAs laser. After 1-14\\xa0days, mRNA expression of DMP1 and osteopontin in the coronal pulp was analyzed using real-time PCR. DMP1, osteopontin, and heat shock protein 25 (HSP25) were immunolocalized at 1-21\\xa0days.', 'The pulp exhibited a degenerative zone in its mesial portion on days 1-3, and progressive formation of reparative dentin lined with HSP25-immunoreactive odontoblast-like cells, from day 7 onwards. DMP1 and osteopontin mRNA expression were significantly upregulated on days 1-7 and 3-7, respectively. From day 7 onwards, DMP1 and osteopontin immunoreactivity colocalized along the boundary between the primary and reparative dentin.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Dental Pulp', 'Dentin, Secondary', 'Extracellular Matrix Proteins', 'HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Lasers, Semiconductor', 'Male', 'Molar', 'Odontoblasts', 'Osteopontin', 'Phosphoproteins', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Up-Regulation']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,866,610 |
Does caffeine prevent Hyperoxia-Induced Functional and Structural Lung Damage in Preterm Rabbits?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Caffeine is a commonly used drug for apnea of prematurity. It may, however, also have a beneficial effect on bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), which is the most common complication of extreme preterm birth.",
"To study the inflammatory, structural and functional effects of caffeine in an animal model of BPD.",
"Preterm New Zealand-Dendermonde rabbits (gestational day 28; term 31) were randomized to three groups: normoxia-placebo (N-P), hyperoxia-placebo (H-P) and hyperoxia-caffeine (H-C). Lung function was assessed on postnatal day 5, along with airway morphometry, vascular morphometry and a score observing airway inflammation.",
"Caffeine improved lung function by increasing lung volume [mean displaced volume N-P: 40.1 ± 6 ml/kg, H-P: 27.8 ± 8 ml/kg and H-C: 34.4 ± 7 ml/kg (p < 0.05); total lung capacity: N-P: 1.17 ± 0.1 ml, H-P: 0.67 ± 0.1 ml and H-C: 1.1 ± 0.1 ml (p < 0.05)], decreasing tissue damping [N-P: 2.7 ± 0.3 cm H2O/ml, H-P: 4.6 ± 0.6 cm H2O/ml and H-C: 3.2 ± 0.4 cm H2O/ml (p < 0.05)], elastance [N-P: 9.3 ± 2.4 cm H2O/ml, H-P: 19.2 ± 7.4 cm H2O/ml and H-C: 10.7 ± 2 cm H2O/ml (p < 0.05)] and compliance [N-P: 0.06 ± 0.01 cm H2O/ml, H-P: 0.054 ± 0.01 cm H2O/ml and H-C: 0.07 ± 0.013 cm H2O/ml (p < 0.05)]. Caffeine also improved histology by decreasing alveolar size [linear intercepts; N-P: 83.6 ± 1.7, H-P: 82.9 ± 1.6 and H-C: 67.3 ± 1.4 (p < 0.05)], increasing radial alveolar count (N-P: 6.6 ± 0.5, H-P: 5.7 ± 0.6 and H-C: 7.05 ± 0.5) and decreasing the acute inflammation score [N-P: 0.3 ± 0.1, H-P: 0.5 ± 0.1 and H-C: 0.4 ± 0.1 (p < 0.05)]."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Animals, Newborn",
"Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia",
"Caffeine",
"Disease Models, Animal",
"Female",
"Hyperoxia",
"Pulmonary Alveoli",
"Rabbits",
"Random Allocation",
"Tidal Volume"
]
}
|
In preterm rabbits, caffeine reduces the functional, architectural and inflammatory pulmonary changes induced by hyperoxia in the lung.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does caffeine prevent Hyperoxia-Induced Functional and Structural Lung Damage in Preterm Rabbits?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Caffeine is a commonly used drug for apnea of prematurity. It may, however, also have a beneficial effect on bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), which is the most common complication of extreme preterm birth.', 'To study the inflammatory, structural and functional effects of caffeine in an animal model of BPD.', 'Preterm New Zealand-Dendermonde rabbits (gestational day 28; term 31) were randomized to three groups: normoxia-placebo (N-P), hyperoxia-placebo (H-P) and hyperoxia-caffeine (H-C). Lung function was assessed on postnatal day 5, along with airway morphometry, vascular morphometry and a score observing airway inflammation.', 'Caffeine improved lung function by increasing lung volume [mean displaced volume N-P: 40.1 ± 6 ml/kg, H-P: 27.8 ± 8 ml/kg and H-C: 34.4 ± 7 ml/kg (p < 0.05); total lung capacity: N-P: 1.17 ± 0.1 ml, H-P: 0.67 ± 0.1 ml and H-C: 1.1 ± 0.1 ml (p < 0.05)], decreasing tissue damping [N-P: 2.7 ± 0.3 cm H2O/ml, H-P: 4.6 ± 0.6 cm H2O/ml and H-C: 3.2 ± 0.4 cm H2O/ml (p < 0.05)], elastance [N-P: 9.3 ± 2.4 cm H2O/ml, H-P: 19.2 ± 7.4 cm H2O/ml and H-C: 10.7 ± 2 cm H2O/ml (p < 0.05)] and compliance [N-P: 0.06 ± 0.01 cm H2O/ml, H-P: 0.054 ± 0.01 cm H2O/ml and H-C: 0.07 ± 0.013 cm H2O/ml (p < 0.05)]. Caffeine also improved histology by decreasing alveolar size [linear intercepts; N-P: 83.6 ± 1.7, H-P: 82.9 ± 1.6 and H-C: 67.3 ± 1.4 (p < 0.05)], increasing radial alveolar count (N-P: 6.6 ± 0.5, H-P: 5.7 ± 0.6 and H-C: 7.05 ± 0.5) and decreasing the acute inflammation score [N-P: 0.3 ± 0.1, H-P: 0.5 ± 0.1 and H-C: 0.4 ± 0.1 (p < 0.05)].'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia', 'Caffeine', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'Hyperoxia', 'Pulmonary Alveoli', 'Rabbits', 'Random Allocation', 'Tidal Volume']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,877,239 |
Do stimulated echo diffusion weighted imaging of the liver at 3 Tesla?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Diffusion time (Δ) effect in diffusion measurements has been validated as a sensitive biomarker in liver fibrosis by rat models. To extend this finding to clinical study, a reliable imaging technique is highly desirable. This study aimed to develop an optimal stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) method dedicated to human liver imaging on 3 Tesla (T) and preliminarily investigate the dependence effect in healthy volunteers.",
"STEAM DWI with single-shot echo planar imaging readout was used as it provided better signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than spin echo DWI methods when a long Δ was needed for liver imaging. Additionally, a slice-selection gradient reversal method was used for fat suppression. Motion compensation and SNR improvement strategies were used to further improve the image quality. Five b-values with three Δs were tested in 10 volunteers.",
"Effective fat suppression and motion compensation were reproducibly achieved in the optimized sequence. The signal decay generally became slower when the Δs increased. Obvious reduction of diffusion coefficients was observed with increasing Δs in the liver."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Breath Holding",
"Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging",
"Humans",
"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted",
"Liver",
"Phantoms, Imaging",
"Reproducibility of Results"
]
}
|
The results verified the Δ dependence in diffusion measurements, indicating restricted diffusion in healthy human livers for the first time at 3T. This prepared STEAM DWI a potential technique for liver fibrotic studies in clinical practice. Magn Reson Med, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do stimulated echo diffusion weighted imaging of the liver at 3 Tesla?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Diffusion time (Δ) effect in diffusion measurements has been validated as a sensitive biomarker in liver fibrosis by rat models. To extend this finding to clinical study, a reliable imaging technique is highly desirable. This study aimed to develop an optimal stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) method dedicated to human liver imaging on 3 Tesla (T) and preliminarily investigate the dependence effect in healthy volunteers.', 'STEAM DWI with single-shot echo planar imaging readout was used as it provided better signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than spin echo DWI methods when a long Δ was needed for liver imaging. Additionally, a slice-selection gradient reversal method was used for fat suppression. Motion compensation and SNR improvement strategies were used to further improve the image quality. Five b-values with three Δs were tested in 10 volunteers.', 'Effective fat suppression and motion compensation were reproducibly achieved in the optimized sequence. The signal decay generally became slower when the Δs increased. Obvious reduction of diffusion coefficients was observed with increasing Δs in the liver.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Breath Holding', 'Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Liver', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Reproducibility of Results']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,878,864 |
Are nailfold videocapillaroscopy and serum VEGF levels in scleroderma associated with internal organ involvement?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) identifies the microvascular hallmarks of systemic sclerosis (SSc) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and may play a pivotal role in the associated vasculopathy. The aim of the present study was to compare NVC alterations with clinical subsets, internal organ involvement, and serum VEGF levels in a cohort of selected SSc cases.",
"We studied 44 patients with SSc who were evaluated within 3 months from enrollment by NVC, skin score, severity index, pulmonary function tests, carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLCO), echocardiography, pulmonary high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), gastroesophageal (GE) endoscopy or manometry or X-ray, and serum autoantibodies. Serum VEGF-A levels were determined by ELISA in 72 SSc patients and 31 healthy controls.",
"Giant capillaries were inversely correlated with age (p = 0.034, r = -0.34) and to the extent of reticular pattern at HRCT (p = 0.04, r = -0.5). Avascular areas were directly correlated with capillaroscopy skin ulcer risk index (CSURI) (p = 0.006, r = +0.4) and severity index (p = 0.004, r = +0.5). The mean capillary density was directly correlated to the ulcer number (p = 0.02, r = +0.4) and to DLCO/alveolar volume (p = 0.02, r = +0.4) and inversely correlated with severity index (p = 0.01, r = -0.4) and skin score (p = 0.02, r = -0.4). Serum VEGF levels were higher in the SSc population vs controls (p = 0.03) and inversely correlated with DLCO (p = 0.01, r =-0.4) and directly with ground-glass and reticular pattern at HRCT (p = 0.04, r = +0.4 for both)."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
}
|
Our data suggest the importance of NVC not only for the diagnosis, but also for the global evaluation of SSc patients. Of note, serum VEGF levels may act as a biomarker of interstitial lung involvement.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Are nailfold videocapillaroscopy and serum VEGF levels in scleroderma associated with internal organ involvement?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) identifies the microvascular hallmarks of systemic sclerosis (SSc) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and may play a pivotal role in the associated vasculopathy. The aim of the present study was to compare NVC alterations with clinical subsets, internal organ involvement, and serum VEGF levels in a cohort of selected SSc cases.', 'We studied 44 patients with SSc who were evaluated within 3\\xa0months from enrollment by NVC, skin score, severity index, pulmonary function tests, carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLCO), echocardiography, pulmonary high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), gastroesophageal (GE) endoscopy or manometry or X-ray, and serum autoantibodies. Serum VEGF-A levels were determined by ELISA in 72 SSc patients and 31 healthy controls.', 'Giant capillaries were inversely correlated with age (p\\xa0=\\xa00.034, r\\xa0=\\xa0-0.34) and to the extent of reticular pattern at HRCT (p\\xa0=\\xa00.04, r\\xa0=\\xa0-0.5). Avascular areas were directly correlated with capillaroscopy skin ulcer risk index (CSURI) (p\\xa0=\\xa00.006, r\\xa0=\\xa0+0.4) and severity index (p\\xa0=\\xa00.004, r\\xa0=\\xa0+0.5). The mean capillary density was directly correlated to the ulcer number (p\\xa0=\\xa00.02, r\\xa0=\\xa0+0.4) and to DLCO/alveolar volume (p\\xa0=\\xa00.02, r\\xa0=\\xa0+0.4) and inversely correlated with severity index (p\\xa0=\\xa00.01, r\\xa0=\\xa0-0.4) and skin score (p\\xa0=\\xa00.02, r\\xa0=\\xa0-0.4). Serum VEGF levels were higher in the SSc population vs controls (p\\xa0=\\xa00.03) and inversely correlated with DLCO (p\\xa0=\\xa00.01, r\\xa0=-0.4) and directly with ground-glass and reticular pattern at HRCT (p\\xa0=\\xa00.04, r\\xa0=\\xa0+0.4 for both).'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,864,934 |
Is aNGPTL8/Betatrophin R59W variant associated with higher glucose level in non-diabetic Arabs living in Kuwaits?
|
{
"contexts": [
"ANGPTL8 (betatrophin) has been recently identified as a regulator of lipid metabolism through its interaction with ANGPTL3. A sequence variant in ANGPTL8 has been shown to associate with lower level of Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL). The objective of this study is to identify sequence variants in ANGPTL8 gene in Arabs and investigate their association with ANGPTL8 plasma level and clinical parameters.",
"A cross sectional study was designed to examine the level of ANGPTL8 in 283 non-diabetic Arabs, and to identify its sequence variants using Sanger sequencing and their association with various clinical parameters.",
"Using Sanger sequencing, we sequenced the full ANGPTL8 gene in 283 Arabs identifying two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) Rs.892066 and Rs.2278426 in the coding region. Our data shows for the first time that Arabs with the heterozygote form of (c.194C > T Rs.2278426) had higher level of Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) compared to the CC homozygotes. LDL and HDL level in these subjects did not show significant difference between the two subgroups. Circulation level of ANGPTL8 did not vary between the two forms. No significant changes were observed between the various forms of Rs.892066 variant and FBG, LDL or HDL."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Angiopoietin-like Proteins",
"Arabs",
"Blood Glucose",
"Cross-Sectional Studies",
"Diabetes Mellitus",
"Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay",
"Female",
"Heterozygote",
"Homozygote",
"Humans",
"Kuwait",
"Lipid Metabolism",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Peptide Hormones",
"Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide"
]
}
|
Our data shows for the first time that heterozygote form of ANGPTL8 Rs.2278426 variant was associated with higher FBG level in Arabs highlighting the importance of these variants in controlling the function of betatrophin.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is aNGPTL8/Betatrophin R59W variant associated with higher glucose level in non-diabetic Arabs living in Kuwaits?\nContext: {'contexts': ['ANGPTL8 (betatrophin) has been recently identified as a regulator of lipid metabolism through its interaction with ANGPTL3. A sequence variant in ANGPTL8 has been shown to associate with lower level of Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL). The objective of this study is to identify sequence variants in ANGPTL8 gene in Arabs and investigate their association with ANGPTL8 plasma level and clinical parameters.', 'A cross sectional study was designed to examine the level of ANGPTL8 in 283 non-diabetic Arabs, and to identify its sequence variants using Sanger sequencing and their association with various clinical parameters.', 'Using Sanger sequencing, we sequenced the full ANGPTL8 gene in 283 Arabs identifying two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) Rs.892066 and Rs.2278426 in the coding region. Our data shows for the first time that Arabs with the heterozygote form of (c.194C > T Rs.2278426) had higher level of Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) compared to the CC homozygotes. LDL and HDL level in these subjects did not show significant difference between the two subgroups. Circulation level of ANGPTL8 did not vary between the two forms. No significant changes were observed between the various forms of Rs.892066 variant and FBG, LDL or HDL.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Angiopoietin-like Proteins', 'Arabs', 'Blood Glucose', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Heterozygote', 'Homozygote', 'Humans', 'Kuwait', 'Lipid Metabolism', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Peptide Hormones', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,855,250 |
Are early detection of type 2 diabetes mellitus and screening for retinopathy associated with reduced prevalence and severity of retinopathy?
|
{
"contexts": [
"To explore whether the prevalence and severity of retinopathy differ in diabetes cohorts diagnosed through screening as compared with conventional health care.",
"A total of 257 diabetes patients, 151 detected through screening and 106 through conventional clinical care, were included. Retinopathy was evaluated by fundus photography. The modified Airlie House adaptation of the Early Treatment Retinopathy Study protocol was used to grade the photographs. Averages of clinically collected fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood pressure and body mass index values were compiled from diabetes diagnosis until the eye examination. Blood chemistry, smoking habits and peripheral neuropathy were assessed at the time of the eye examination.",
"Among the screening-detected patients, 22% had retinopathy as compared to 51% among those clinically detected (p < 0.0001). In a multivariate analysis, patients with retinopathy were more likely to have increased average FBG (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.19-1.70 per mmol/l) and peripheral neuropathy (OR 2.75, 95% CI 1.40-5.43), but less likely to have screening-detected diabetes (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.17-0.57). Similar results were found using increasing severity grade of retinopathy as outcome. The cumulative retinopathy prevalence for the screening-detected diabetes cohort as compared with the clinically diagnosed cohort was significantly lower from 10 years' follow-up and onwards (p = 0.0002)."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Blood Glucose",
"Blood Pressure",
"Body Mass Index",
"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2",
"Diabetic Retinopathy",
"Early Diagnosis",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Mass Screening",
"Middle Aged",
"Prevalence",
"Risk Factors",
"Severity of Illness Index",
"Sweden"
]
}
|
Among patients with screening-detected diabetes, the prevalence of retinopathy and increasing severity of retinopathy were significantly lower than among those who had their diabetes diagnosed through conventional care, even when other risk factors for retinopathy such as duration, hyperglycaemia and blood pressure were considered. Early detection of diabetes reduces prediagnostic time spent with hyperglycaemia. In combination with early and regular screening for retinopathy, more effective prevention against retinopathy can be provided.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Are early detection of type 2 diabetes mellitus and screening for retinopathy associated with reduced prevalence and severity of retinopathy?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To explore whether the prevalence and severity of retinopathy differ in diabetes cohorts diagnosed through screening as compared with conventional health care.', 'A total of 257 diabetes patients, 151 detected through screening and 106 through conventional clinical care, were included. Retinopathy was evaluated by fundus photography. The modified Airlie House adaptation of the Early Treatment Retinopathy Study protocol was used to grade the photographs. Averages of clinically collected fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood pressure and body mass index values were compiled from diabetes diagnosis until the eye examination. Blood chemistry, smoking habits and peripheral neuropathy were assessed at the time of the eye examination.', \"Among the screening-detected patients, 22% had retinopathy as compared to 51% among those clinically detected (p < 0.0001). In a multivariate analysis, patients with retinopathy were more likely to have increased average FBG (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.19-1.70 per mmol/l) and peripheral neuropathy (OR 2.75, 95% CI 1.40-5.43), but less likely to have screening-detected diabetes (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.17-0.57). Similar results were found using increasing severity grade of retinopathy as outcome. The cumulative retinopathy prevalence for the screening-detected diabetes cohort as compared with the clinically diagnosed cohort was significantly lower from 10 years' follow-up and onwards (p = 0.0002).\"], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged', 'Blood Glucose', 'Blood Pressure', 'Body Mass Index', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Diabetic Retinopathy', 'Early Diagnosis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Sweden']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,856,334 |
Is tGF-β signaling activated in patients with chronic HBV infection and repressed by SMAD7 overexpression after successful antiviral treatment?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Although animal studies demonstrated that Smad7 induction ameliorates TGF-β/SMAD-mediated fibrogenesis, its role in human hepatic diseases is rather obscure. Our study explored the activation status of TGF-β/activin pathway in patients with chronic liver diseases, and how it is affected by successful antiviral treatment in chronic HBV hepatitis (CHB).",
"Thirty-seven CHB patients (19 with active disease, 14 completely remitted on long-term antiviral treatment and 4 with relapse after treatment withdrawal), 18 patients with chronic HCV hepatitis, 12 with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and 3 controls were enrolled in the study. Liver mRNA levels of CTGF, all TGF-β/activin isoforms, their receptors and intracellular mediators (SMADs) were evaluated using qRT-PCR and were correlated with the grade of liver inflammation and fibrosis staging. The expression and localization of pSMAD2 and pSMAD3 were assessed by immunohistochemistry.",
"TGF-β signalling is activated in CHB patients with active disease, while SMAD7 is up-regulated during the resolution of inflammation after successful treatment. SMAD7 overexpression was also observed in NAFLD patients exhibiting no or minimal fibrosis, despite the activation of TGF-β/activin signaling."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Antiviral Agents",
"Chronic Disease",
"Female",
"Fibrosis",
"Hepatitis B",
"Hepatitis C",
"Humans",
"Liver",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease",
"RNA, Messenger",
"Signal Transduction",
"Smad7 Protein",
"Transforming Growth Factor beta",
"Young Adult"
]
}
|
SMAD7 overexpression might represent a mechanism limiting TGF-β-mediated fibrogenesis in human hepatic diseases; therefore, SMAD7 induction likely represents a candidate for novel therapeutic approaches.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is tGF-β signaling activated in patients with chronic HBV infection and repressed by SMAD7 overexpression after successful antiviral treatment?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Although animal studies demonstrated that Smad7 induction ameliorates TGF-β/SMAD-mediated fibrogenesis, its role in human hepatic diseases is rather obscure. Our study explored the activation status of TGF-β/activin pathway in patients with chronic liver diseases, and how it is affected by successful antiviral treatment in chronic HBV hepatitis (CHB).', 'Thirty-seven CHB patients (19 with active disease, 14 completely remitted on long-term antiviral treatment and 4 with relapse after treatment withdrawal), 18 patients with chronic HCV hepatitis, 12 with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and 3 controls were enrolled in the study. Liver mRNA levels of CTGF, all TGF-β/activin isoforms, their receptors and intracellular mediators (SMADs) were evaluated using qRT-PCR and were correlated with the grade of liver inflammation and fibrosis staging. The expression and localization of pSMAD2 and pSMAD3 were assessed by immunohistochemistry.', 'TGF-β signalling is activated in CHB patients with active disease, while SMAD7 is up-regulated during the resolution of inflammation after successful treatment. SMAD7 overexpression was also observed in NAFLD patients exhibiting no or minimal fibrosis, despite the activation of TGF-β/activin signaling.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antiviral Agents', 'Chronic Disease', 'Female', 'Fibrosis', 'Hepatitis B', 'Hepatitis C', 'Humans', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Signal Transduction', 'Smad7 Protein', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta', 'Young Adult']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,874,357 |
Is the proteolytic activity of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A potentially regulated by stanniocalcin-1 and -2 during human ovarian follicle development?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Is the proteolytic activity of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) regulated by the stanniocalcins (STC1 and STC2) during human follicle maturation?"
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Chorionic Gonadotropin",
"Female",
"Fertility Preservation",
"Follicular Fluid",
"Glycoproteins",
"Humans",
"Immunohistochemistry",
"Immunoprecipitation",
"Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins",
"Oogenesis",
"Ovarian Follicle",
"Ovulation Induction",
"Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A",
"Protease Inhibitors",
"Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs",
"Proteolysis",
"Recombinant Proteins"
]
}
|
The STCs and PAPP-A show similar expression by immunohistochemistry in developing follicles, and regulation of PAPP-A proteolytic activity is suggested by the identification of inhibited protein complexes between PAPP-A and STC1 or STC2 in human follicular fluid (FF).
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is the proteolytic activity of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A potentially regulated by stanniocalcin-1 and -2 during human ovarian follicle development?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Is the proteolytic activity of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) regulated by the stanniocalcins (STC1 and STC2) during human follicle maturation?'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Chorionic Gonadotropin', 'Female', 'Fertility Preservation', 'Follicular Fluid', 'Glycoproteins', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Immunoprecipitation', 'Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Oogenesis', 'Ovarian Follicle', 'Ovulation Induction', 'Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A', 'Protease Inhibitors', 'Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs', 'Proteolysis', 'Recombinant Proteins']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,874,350 |
Does transportome Profiling identify Profound Alterations in Crohn 's Disease Partially Restored by Commensal Bacteria?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Several transport alterations have been described in intestinal inflammatory diseases. This is relevant because the primary function of the intestine is nutrient and mineral absorption. However, analysis of the transportome as a whole and the effect of commensal bacteria on it have not been addressed so far.",
"Five healthy and 6 Crohn's disease (CD) samples were hybridized to human HT-12 V4 Illumina GeneChip. Results were validated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis and with additional array data. Organ culture assays were performed from mucosa ileal wall specimens collected at surgery. Samples were incubated with or without commensal bacteria for 4 hours. Finally, RNA was isolated for microarray processing.",
"The analysis of CD versus healthy ileal mucosa demonstrated upregulation of previously described genes involved in immunity and the inflammatory response in this disease. Interestingly, whole transcriptional analysis revealed profound alterations in the transportome profile. Sixty-two solute carrier (SLC) transporters displayed different expression patterns, most of them being downregulated. Changes were confirmed by RT-PCR in a randomly chosen subset of SLCs. A large number of amino acid transporters and most members of the enteric purinome were found to be altered. Most of these proteins were found at the apical membrane of the enterocyte, which could impair both amino acid absorption and purinergic signalling. Treatment of ileum specimen explants with commensal bacteria restored almost all CD transportome alterations."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Carrier Proteins",
"Case-Control Studies",
"Crohn Disease",
"Down-Regulation",
"Escherichia coli",
"Gastrointestinal Microbiome",
"Gene Expression Profiling",
"Humans",
"Ileum",
"Intestinal Mucosa",
"Lactobacillus casei",
"Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis",
"RNA",
"Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction",
"Symbiosis",
"Transcriptome",
"Up-Regulation"
]
}
|
These results describe the altered transportome profile in CD and open the possibility of restoring transportome complications with commensal bacteria.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does transportome Profiling identify Profound Alterations in Crohn 's Disease Partially Restored by Commensal Bacteria?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Several transport alterations have been described in intestinal inflammatory diseases. This is relevant because the primary function of the intestine is nutrient and mineral absorption. However, analysis of the transportome as a whole and the effect of commensal bacteria on it have not been addressed so far.', \"Five healthy and 6 Crohn's disease (CD) samples were hybridized to human HT-12 V4 Illumina GeneChip. Results were validated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis and with additional array data. Organ culture assays were performed from mucosa ileal wall specimens collected at surgery. Samples were incubated with or without commensal bacteria for 4 hours. Finally, RNA was isolated for microarray processing.\", 'The analysis of CD versus healthy ileal mucosa demonstrated upregulation of previously described genes involved in immunity and the inflammatory response in this disease. Interestingly, whole transcriptional analysis revealed profound alterations in the transportome profile. Sixty-two solute carrier (SLC) transporters displayed different expression patterns, most of them being downregulated. Changes were confirmed by RT-PCR in a randomly chosen subset of SLCs. A large number of amino acid transporters and most members of the enteric purinome were found to be altered. Most of these proteins were found at the apical membrane of the enterocyte, which could impair both amino acid absorption and purinergic signalling. Treatment of ileum specimen explants with commensal bacteria restored almost all CD transportome alterations.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Crohn Disease', 'Down-Regulation', 'Escherichia coli', 'Gastrointestinal Microbiome', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Humans', 'Ileum', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Lactobacillus casei', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'RNA', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Symbiosis', 'Transcriptome', 'Up-Regulation']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,851,165 |
Does implantation of healthy matrix-embedded endothelial cells rescue dysfunctional endothelium and ischaemic tissue in liver engraftment?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Liver transplantation is limited by ischaemic injury which promotes endothelial cell and hepatocyte dysfunction and eventually organ failure. We sought to understand how endothelial state determines liver recovery after hepatectomy and engraftment.",
"Matrix-embedded endothelial cells (MEECs) with retained healthy phenotype or control acellular matrices were implanted in direct contact with the remaining median lobe of donor mice undergoing partial hepatectomy (70%), or in the interface between the remaining median lobe and an autograft or isograft from the left lobe in hepatectomised recipient mice. Hepatic vascular architecture, DNA fragmentation and apoptosis in the median lobe and grafts, serum markers of liver damage and phenotype of macrophage and lymphocyte subsets in the liver after engraftment were analysed 7 days post-op.",
"Healthy MEECs create a functional vascular splice in donor and recipient liver after 70% hepatectomy in mouse protecting these livers from ischaemic injury, hepatic congestion and inflammation. Macrophages recruited adjacent to the vascular nodes into the implants switched to an anti-inflammatory and regenerative profile M2. MEECs improved liver function and the rate of liver regeneration and prevented apoptosis in donor liver lobes, autologous grafts and syngeneic engraftment."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Arginase",
"Cells, Cultured",
"Endothelial Cells",
"Endothelium, Vascular",
"Gene Expression",
"Hepatectomy",
"Humans",
"Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins",
"Liver",
"Liver Regeneration",
"Liver Transplantation",
"Macrophages",
"Membrane Glycoproteins",
"Mice, Inbred C57BL",
"Neovascularization, Physiologic",
"Receptors, Cell Surface",
"Reperfusion Injury",
"Th2 Cells",
"Transaminases",
"Up-Regulation"
]
}
|
Implants with healthy endothelial cells rescue liver donor and recipient endothelium and parenchyma from ischaemic injury after major hepatectomy and engraftment. This study highlights endothelial-hepatocyte crosstalk in hepatic repair and provides a promising new approach to improve regenerative medicine outcomes and liver transplantation.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does implantation of healthy matrix-embedded endothelial cells rescue dysfunctional endothelium and ischaemic tissue in liver engraftment?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Liver transplantation is limited by ischaemic injury which promotes endothelial cell and hepatocyte dysfunction and eventually organ failure. We sought to understand how endothelial state determines liver recovery after hepatectomy and engraftment.', 'Matrix-embedded endothelial cells (MEECs) with retained healthy phenotype or control acellular matrices were implanted in direct contact with the remaining median lobe of donor mice undergoing partial hepatectomy (70%), or in the interface between the remaining median lobe and an autograft or isograft from the left lobe in hepatectomised recipient mice. Hepatic vascular architecture, DNA fragmentation and apoptosis in the median lobe and grafts, serum markers of liver damage and phenotype of macrophage and lymphocyte subsets in the liver after engraftment were analysed 7\\u2005days post-op.', 'Healthy MEECs create a functional vascular splice in donor and recipient liver after 70% hepatectomy in mouse protecting these livers from ischaemic injury, hepatic congestion and inflammation. Macrophages recruited adjacent to the vascular nodes into the implants switched to an anti-inflammatory and regenerative profile M2. MEECs improved liver function and the rate of liver regeneration and prevented apoptosis in donor liver lobes, autologous grafts and syngeneic engraftment.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Arginase', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Gene Expression', 'Hepatectomy', 'Humans', 'Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Liver', 'Liver Regeneration', 'Liver Transplantation', 'Macrophages', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Neovascularization, Physiologic', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Reperfusion Injury', 'Th2 Cells', 'Transaminases', 'Up-Regulation']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,854,998 |
Does maternal periodontitis decrease plasma membrane GLUT4 content in skeletal muscle of adult offspring?
|
{
"contexts": [
"The fetal programming hypothesis suggests that intrauterine stimuli can induce metabolic changes in offspring, increasing the disease risk in adulthood. Periodontal disease may enhance serum cytokine levels. Cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) have been associated with reduced glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) expression, decreased protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation, and insulin resistance. This study aimed to evaluate GLUT4 content, and Akt serine phosphorylation status in the gastrocnemius skeletal muscle (GSM), glycemia, insulinemia and change in body weight in offspring of rats with periodontal disease.",
"Female Wistar rats were distributed into a control group (CN) and an experimental periodontal disease group (PD), in which a ligature was placed around the mandibular first molars. Seven days after ligature placement, both groups were mated with normal male rats. The ligatures remained throughout pregnancy until weaning, after which the male offspring were distributed into groups: CN-o, control rat offspring; and PD-o, periodontal disease rat offspring. The body weight from 0 to 75days of age was measured. At 75days, the glycemia, insulinemia, TNF-α levels, Akt serine phosphorylation, and GLUT4 content in the GSM were measured in the offspring.",
"The PD-o group showed a low birth weight (LBW), unchanged glycemia, increased insulinemia, insulin resistance, increased TNF-α levels, decreased Akt serine phosphorylation status, and reduced GLUT4 content in the plasma membrane and translocation index after insulin stimulation."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Animals",
"Blood Glucose",
"Cell Membrane",
"Female",
"Glucose Transporter Type 4",
"Insulin Resistance",
"Male",
"Muscle, Skeletal",
"Pregnancy",
"Pregnancy Complications",
"Rats",
"Rats, Wistar"
]
}
|
Maternal periodontal disease causes LBW, insulin resistance, and alterations in the final stage of insulin signaling in the GSM of adult offspring.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does maternal periodontitis decrease plasma membrane GLUT4 content in skeletal muscle of adult offspring?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The fetal programming hypothesis suggests that intrauterine stimuli can induce metabolic changes in offspring, increasing the disease risk in adulthood. Periodontal disease may enhance serum cytokine levels. Cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) have been associated with reduced glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) expression, decreased protein kinase B (Akt) phosphorylation, and insulin resistance. This study aimed to evaluate GLUT4 content, and Akt serine phosphorylation status in the gastrocnemius skeletal muscle (GSM), glycemia, insulinemia and change in body weight in offspring of rats with periodontal disease.', 'Female Wistar rats were distributed into a control group (CN) and an experimental periodontal disease group (PD), in which a ligature was placed around the mandibular first molars. Seven days after ligature placement, both groups were mated with normal male rats. The ligatures remained throughout pregnancy until weaning, after which the male offspring were distributed into groups: CN-o, control rat offspring; and PD-o, periodontal disease rat offspring. The body weight from 0 to 75days of age was measured. At 75days, the glycemia, insulinemia, TNF-α levels, Akt serine phosphorylation, and GLUT4 content in the GSM were measured in the offspring.', 'The PD-o group showed a low birth weight (LBW), unchanged glycemia, increased insulinemia, insulin resistance, increased TNF-α levels, decreased Akt serine phosphorylation status, and reduced GLUT4 content in the plasma membrane and translocation index after insulin stimulation.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Animals', 'Blood Glucose', 'Cell Membrane', 'Female', 'Glucose Transporter Type 4', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Male', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,855,722 |
Does a Live Vector Expressing HPV16 L1 generate an Adjuvant-Induced Antibody Response In-vivo?
|
{
"contexts": [
"The association between human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and cervical cancer has suggested the design of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines against genital warts. The HPV capsid has made of two L1 and L2 coat proteins that have produced late in viral infections. Regarding to the recent studies, two commercial prophylactic vaccines have based on L1 viral like particles (VLPs) could strongly induce antibody responses, and protect human body from HPV infections. However, the use of these HPV vaccines has hindered due to their high cost and some limitations. Currently, among various vaccination strategies, live vector-based vaccines have attracted a great attention.",
"Herein, a non-pathogenic strain of the protozoan organism known as Leishmania tarentolae has utilized to induce potent humoral immunity in mice model.",
"At first, cloning of HPV16 L1 gene into Leishmania expression vector has performed and confirmed by PCR and digestion with restriction enzymes. The promastigotes of Leishmania tarentolae (L.tar) have transfected with linearized DNA construct by electroporation. Protein expression has analyzed by SDS-PAGE and western blotting. Then, the immunogenicity of leishmania expressing L1 protein (L.tar-L1) has assessed in mice model.",
"Our data has indicated that subcutaneous immunization of mice with the recombinant L.tar-L1 has led to enhance the levels of IgG1 and lgG2a in comparison with control groups. Furthermore, there was no significant increase in antibody levels between two and three times of immunizations."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": []
}
|
The recombinant live vector was able to induce humoral immunity in mice without need of any adjuvant. However, further studies have required to increase its efficiency.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does a Live Vector Expressing HPV16 L1 generate an Adjuvant-Induced Antibody Response In-vivo?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The association between human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and cervical cancer has suggested the design of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines against genital warts. The HPV capsid has made of two L1 and L2 coat proteins that have produced late in viral infections. Regarding to the recent studies, two commercial prophylactic vaccines have based on L1 viral like particles (VLPs) could strongly induce antibody responses, and protect human body from HPV infections. However, the use of these HPV vaccines has hindered due to their high cost and some limitations. Currently, among various vaccination strategies, live vector-based vaccines have attracted a great attention.', 'Herein, a non-pathogenic strain of the protozoan organism known as Leishmania tarentolae has utilized to induce potent humoral immunity in mice model.', 'At first, cloning of HPV16 L1 gene into Leishmania expression vector has performed and confirmed by PCR and digestion with restriction enzymes. The promastigotes of Leishmania tarentolae (L.tar) have transfected with linearized DNA construct by electroporation. Protein expression has analyzed by SDS-PAGE and western blotting. Then, the immunogenicity of leishmania expressing L1 protein (L.tar-L1) has assessed in mice model.', 'Our data has indicated that subcutaneous immunization of mice with the recombinant L.tar-L1 has led to enhance the levels of IgG1 and lgG2a in comparison with control groups. Furthermore, there was no significant increase in antibody levels between two and three times of immunizations.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': []}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,871,397 |
Do human classical monocytes display unbalanced M1/M2 phenotype with increased atherosclerotic risk and presence of disease?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Specific monocyte and macrophage subsets have been implicated in atherosclerosis, with intermediate monocytes proportionally elevated in cardiovascular disease and M1 macrophages abundant in unstable atherosclerotic plaques. While several studies have shown altered proportions of these subsets in atherosclerosis, studies examining functional and phenotypic subset alterations remain scarce.",
"We used whole blood flow cytometry to investigate the expression of M1 (CD86) and M2 (CD163) markers on monocyte subsets of atherosclerotic patients and controls.",
"Atherosclerotic patients had a more inflammatory monocyte profile than controls, indicated by increased intermediate subset proportions, a higher classical monocyte CD86/CD163 ratio, and elevated serum M1-related chemokines. A more inflammatory profile appeared to correlate with atherosclerotic risk, as in controls classical monocyte CD86/CD163 ratio was negatively correlated with HDL and apolipoprotein A1, and positively correlated with Interleukin-1β."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Antigens, CD",
"Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic",
"Atherosclerosis",
"Australia",
"B7-2 Antigen",
"Biomarkers",
"Case-Control Studies",
"Chemokines",
"Female",
"Flow Cytometry",
"Humans",
"Macrophages",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Monocytes",
"Plaque, Atherosclerotic",
"Receptors, Cell Surface",
"Young Adult"
]
}
|
We conclude that monocyte subsets show functional and phenotypic changes in cardiovascular disease and such changes are likely to contribute to atherosclerotic progression.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do human classical monocytes display unbalanced M1/M2 phenotype with increased atherosclerotic risk and presence of disease?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Specific monocyte and macrophage subsets have been implicated in atherosclerosis, with intermediate monocytes proportionally elevated in cardiovascular disease and M1 macrophages abundant in unstable atherosclerotic plaques. While several studies have shown altered proportions of these subsets in atherosclerosis, studies examining functional and phenotypic subset alterations remain scarce.', 'We used whole blood flow cytometry to investigate the expression of M1 (CD86) and M2 (CD163) markers on monocyte subsets of atherosclerotic patients and controls.', 'Atherosclerotic patients had a more inflammatory monocyte profile than controls, indicated by increased intermediate subset proportions, a higher classical monocyte CD86/CD163 ratio, and elevated serum M1-related chemokines. A more inflammatory profile appeared to correlate with atherosclerotic risk, as in controls classical monocyte CD86/CD163 ratio was negatively correlated with HDL and apolipoprotein A1, and positively correlated with Interleukin-1β.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antigens, CD', 'Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic', 'Atherosclerosis', 'Australia', 'B7-2 Antigen', 'Biomarkers', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Chemokines', 'Female', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Humans', 'Macrophages', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Monocytes', 'Plaque, Atherosclerotic', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Young Adult']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,867,324 |
Do [ The Relationship Between the Damages of Hand Functions and the Type of Cerebral Palsy in Children ]?
|
{
"contexts": [
"To investigate the relationship between the damages of hand functions and the type of cerebral palsy (CP) in children with CP.",
"A total of 280 children aged 4-12 years old with CP in the 20 districts of Chengdu were included. The damages of hand functions were assessed with the Chinese Version of Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) and its relationship with the type of CP were analyzed.",
"Among the 280 investigated children, there were 195 chidren with spastic CP, which accounted for the largest proportion (69.64%), wherein the spastic diplegia was most common (56.41%). The classification of MACS was level I-II in 65.13% children with spastic CP, whereas the classification of MACS was level IU-V in 84. 44% and 80.95% children with mixed and dyskinetic CP, respectively. With the increase of the degree of cognitive dysfunction in children with CP, the level of MACS was also increased. There was a difference between the classification of MACS and the different type of CP (P<0.05). The children with spastic CP were mostly mild hand dysfunction, while the children with mixed and dyskinetic type of CP were mostly middle and severe hand dysfunction. A positive correlation was found between the MACS and the subtype of spastic CP (r=0.541, P<0.05). In most of the children with diplegia from spastic CP, the hand dysfunction was mild, whereas the children with quadriplegia from spastic CP were mostly middle and severe hand dysfunction."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Cerebral Palsy",
"Child",
"Child, Preschool",
"Cognition Disorders",
"Disability Evaluation",
"Hand",
"Humans"
]
}
|
There was a correlation between the MACS and the type of CP which can be used to determine the damaged condition of hand functions and develop the program of rehabilitation and the measures of classification management for the chidren with CP.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Do [ The Relationship Between the Damages of Hand Functions and the Type of Cerebral Palsy in Children ]?\nContext: {'contexts': ['To investigate the relationship between the damages of hand functions and the type of cerebral palsy (CP) in children with CP.', 'A total of 280 children aged 4-12 years old with CP in the 20 districts of Chengdu were included. The damages of hand functions were assessed with the Chinese Version of Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) and its relationship with the type of CP were analyzed.', 'Among the 280 investigated children, there were 195 chidren with spastic CP, which accounted for the largest proportion (69.64%), wherein the spastic diplegia was most common (56.41%). The classification of MACS was level I-II in 65.13% children with spastic CP, whereas the classification of MACS was level IU-V in 84. 44% and 80.95% children with mixed and dyskinetic CP, respectively. With the increase of the degree of cognitive dysfunction in children with CP, the level of MACS was also increased. There was a difference between the classification of MACS and the different type of CP (P<0.05). The children with spastic CP were mostly mild hand dysfunction, while the children with mixed and dyskinetic type of CP were mostly middle and severe hand dysfunction. A positive correlation was found between the MACS and the subtype of spastic CP (r=0.541, P<0.05). In most of the children with diplegia from spastic CP, the hand dysfunction was mild, whereas the children with quadriplegia from spastic CP were mostly middle and severe hand dysfunction.'], 'labels': ['OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Cerebral Palsy', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cognition Disorders', 'Disability Evaluation', 'Hand', 'Humans']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,851,648 |
Are serum fetuin-A levels independently correlated with vascular endothelial growth factor and C-reactive protein concentrations in type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy?
|
{
"contexts": [
"The higher expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and C-reactive protein (CRP) is associated with the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Fetuin-A is shown to have proangiogenic and proinflammatory effects.",
"This study included 245 T2DM patients consisting of 95 cases with non-diabetic retinopathy (NDR), 78 cases with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and 72 cases with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), in addition to 65 healthy controls. Serum fetuin-A, VEGF and CRP concentrations and related parameters were measured.",
"Significant positive correlations were found between fetuin-A and VEGF and CRP, and between VEGF and CRP in T2DM patients (all p<0.001). After adjustment for confounders, fetuin-A was correlated independently with VEGF and CRP in NPDR and PDR patients, but not in NDR subjects. In addition, fetuin-A was correlated independently with HOMA-IR (all 4 groups), HbA1c (NDR, NPDR and PDR groups) and duration of diabetes (PDR group). When compared with NDR and control subjects, NPDR and PDR patients had higher HOMA-IR."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Aged",
"C-Reactive Protein",
"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2",
"Diabetic Nephropathies",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A",
"alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein"
]
}
|
Serum fetuin-A concentrations are independently correlated with VEGF and CRP concentrations in T2DM patients with DR, but not in NDR subjects.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Are serum fetuin-A levels independently correlated with vascular endothelial growth factor and C-reactive protein concentrations in type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy?\nContext: {'contexts': ['The higher expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and C-reactive protein (CRP) is associated with the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Fetuin-A is shown to have proangiogenic and proinflammatory effects.', 'This study included 245 T2DM patients consisting of 95 cases with non-diabetic retinopathy (NDR), 78 cases with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and 72 cases with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), in addition to 65 healthy controls. Serum fetuin-A, VEGF and CRP concentrations and related parameters were measured.', 'Significant positive correlations were found between fetuin-A and VEGF and CRP, and between VEGF and CRP in T2DM patients (all p<0.001). After adjustment for confounders, fetuin-A was correlated independently with VEGF and CRP in NPDR and PDR patients, but not in NDR subjects. In addition, fetuin-A was correlated independently with HOMA-IR (all 4 groups), HbA1c (NDR, NPDR and PDR groups) and duration of diabetes (PDR group). When compared with NDR and control subjects, NPDR and PDR patients had higher HOMA-IR.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Aged', 'C-Reactive Protein', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Diabetic Nephropathies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A', 'alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,870,807 |
Is arterial Blood , Rather Than Venous Blood , a Better Source for Circulating Melanoma Cells?
|
{
"contexts": [
"CTCs provide prognostic information and their application is under investigation in multiple tumor types. Of the multiple variables inherent in any such process, none is more important to outcome than the appropriateness of the sample source. To address this question, we investigated CTCs in paired peripheral venous and arterial blood specimens obtained from stage IV uveal melanoma patients.",
"Blood specimens were obtained from both common femoral arteries and antecubital veins in 17 uveal melanoma patients with multiple hepatic metastases for CTC measurements.",
"CTCs were detectable with greater frequency (100%) and in larger numbers (median 5, range 1 to 168) in all arterial blood specimens than in venous samples (52.9%; median 1, range 0 to 8). Patients with hepatic as well as extra-hepatic metastasis showed higher number of arterial CTCs, compared to patients with liver-only metastasis (p = 0.003). There was no significant association between the number of arterial CTCs and the tumor burden within the liver in patients who had liver-only metastases."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Adult",
"Aged",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Melanoma",
"Middle Aged",
"Neoplasm Metastasis",
"Neoplastic Cells, Circulating",
"Tumor Burden"
]
}
|
Our data indicate that arterial blood specimens might be a better source of circulating uveal melanoma cells. Although less conveniently processed, perhaps arterial blood should be evaluated as sample source for measurement of CTCs.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Is arterial Blood , Rather Than Venous Blood , a Better Source for Circulating Melanoma Cells?\nContext: {'contexts': ['CTCs provide prognostic information and their application is under investigation in multiple tumor types. Of the multiple variables inherent in any such process, none is more important to outcome than the appropriateness of the sample source. To address this question, we investigated CTCs in paired peripheral venous and arterial blood specimens obtained from stage IV uveal melanoma patients.', 'Blood specimens were obtained from both common femoral arteries and antecubital veins in 17 uveal melanoma patients with multiple hepatic metastases for CTC measurements.', 'CTCs were detectable with greater frequency (100%) and in larger numbers (median 5, range 1 to 168) in all arterial blood specimens than in venous samples (52.9%; median 1, range 0 to 8). Patients with hepatic as well as extra-hepatic metastasis showed higher number of arterial CTCs, compared to patients with liver-only metastasis (p = 0.003). There was no significant association between the number of arterial CTCs and the tumor burden within the liver in patients who had liver-only metastases.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Melanoma', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplastic Cells, Circulating', 'Tumor Burden']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
26,848,888 |
Does multicomponent Fitness Training improve Walking Economy in Older Adults?
|
{
"contexts": [
"Walking economy declines with increasing age, possibly leading to mobility limitation in older adults. Multicomponent fitness training could delay the decline in walking economy.",
"This study aimed to determine the effect of multicomponent fitness training on walking economy in older adults.",
"Participants were untrained adults, age 50 to 83 yr (N = 26, 10 males, age = 63 ± 6 yr, BMI = 25.6 ± 2.1 kg·m, mean ± SD). A control group was also recruited (N = 16, 9 males, age = 66 ± 10 yr, BMI = 25.4 ± 3.0 kg·m), matching the intervention group for age, weight, body composition, and fitness. The intervention group followed a multicomponent fitness program of 1 h, twice per week during 1 yr. The control group did not take part in any physical training. Fat-free mass, walking economy, and maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max) were measured in both groups before and after the year. Walking economy was measured with indirect calorimetry as the lowest energy needed to displace 1 kg of body mass for 1 m while walking on a treadmill. The data were compared between the two groups with repeated-measures ANOVA.",
"Thirty-two subjects completed all measurements. There was an interaction between the effects of time and group on V˙O2max (P < 0.05) and walking economy (P < 0.05), whereas fat-free mass did not change significantly (P = 0.06). V˙O2max decreased by 1.8 mL·kg·min in the control group and increased by 1.3 mL·kg·min in the intervention group. The lowest energy needed to walk increased by 0.12 J·kg·m in the control group and decreased in the intervention group by 0.13 J·kg·m."
],
"labels": [
"BACKGROUND",
"OBJECTIVE",
"METHODS",
"RESULTS"
],
"meshes": [
"Aged",
"Aged, 80 and over",
"Body Composition",
"Body Weight",
"Exercise Test",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Oxygen Consumption",
"Physical Conditioning, Human",
"Physical Fitness",
"Walking"
]
}
|
Multicomponent fitness training decreases walking cost in older adults, preserving walking economy. Thus, training programs could delay mobility limitation with increasing age.
|
yes
|
[
{
"from": "human",
"value": "Question: Does multicomponent Fitness Training improve Walking Economy in Older Adults?\nContext: {'contexts': ['Walking economy declines with increasing age, possibly leading to mobility limitation in older adults. Multicomponent fitness training could delay the decline in walking economy.', 'This study aimed to determine the effect of multicomponent fitness training on walking economy in older adults.', 'Participants were untrained adults, age 50 to 83 yr (N = 26, 10 males, age = 63 ± 6 yr, BMI = 25.6 ± 2.1 kg·m, mean ± SD). A control group was also recruited (N = 16, 9 males, age = 66 ± 10 yr, BMI = 25.4 ± 3.0 kg·m), matching the intervention group for age, weight, body composition, and fitness. The intervention group followed a multicomponent fitness program of 1 h, twice per week during 1 yr. The control group did not take part in any physical training. Fat-free mass, walking economy, and maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max) were measured in both groups before and after the year. Walking economy was measured with indirect calorimetry as the lowest energy needed to displace 1 kg of body mass for 1 m while walking on a treadmill. The data were compared between the two groups with repeated-measures ANOVA.', 'Thirty-two subjects completed all measurements. There was an interaction between the effects of time and group on V˙O2max (P < 0.05) and walking economy (P < 0.05), whereas fat-free mass did not change significantly (P = 0.06). V˙O2max decreased by 1.8 mL·kg·min in the control group and increased by 1.3 mL·kg·min in the intervention group. The lowest energy needed to walk increased by 0.12 J·kg·m in the control group and decreased in the intervention group by 0.13 J·kg·m.'], 'labels': ['BACKGROUND', 'OBJECTIVE', 'METHODS', 'RESULTS'], 'meshes': ['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Body Composition', 'Body Weight', 'Exercise Test', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Physical Conditioning, Human', 'Physical Fitness', 'Walking']}"
},
{
"from": "gpt",
"value": "Answer: yes"
}
] |
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