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4,509,900 | Genetic Diversity in Aus rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes of Bangladesh Genetic diversity in 31 traditional Bangladeshi Aus rice genotypes were studied under transplanted condition through Mahalanobis D2 statistic for grain yield and yield contributing characters. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The cluster II contained the highest number of genotypes (08) and the cluster I and III contained the lowest (05). The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster II and the lowest for cluster IV. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster II and V followed by cluster III and V, cluster I and V and the lowest between cluster I and III. Regarding inter-cluster distance, the genotypes of cluster V showed high genetic distance from all other clusters. The genotypes from cluster V could be hybridized with the genotypes of other characters of other clusters for producing transgressive segregants. The highest cluster means for yield, effective tiller number and grain length, were obtained from cluster I; whereas the lowest mean value for yield, culm length, plant height and grain breadth were found in cluster II. Therefore, genotypes under cluster I, cluster II and cluster V might be selected for future breeding program as parents for crossing to produce new recombinants with desired traits.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(2): 253-266, June 2018 | 91853811 |
4,509,901 | Using diffusion bonding for producing laminated composite materials for the manufacture of highly efficient and compact heat exchange systems One of the reasons delaying the application of composite materials (CMs) in the production of various components is the complicated production technology, especially when the process of formation of the CM is combined with the production cycle. The problem of development of scientific fundamentals of the formation of laminated composite materials (LCMs) for the production of highly efficient and compact heat exchange systems by diffusion bonding is the subject of the present article. When using CMs for the manufacture of heat exchange systems, it is necessary to utilize three important advantages of the systems used in high-intensity thermal engineering technology: low heat conductivity along the walls of the heat exchanger and the compact form of the heat exchange surface produced from metals with high heat conductivity (aluminium, copper). This means that the systems should be produced from laminated materials whose special feature is the thermal anisotropy of the coefficient of heat conductivity in two mutually perpendicular directions: heat conductivity along the metallic sheets (aluminium, copper) should be maintained, whereas the heat conductivity in the orthogonal direction should be reduced hundreds of times. The factors which determine the design and technological features of the new CMs can be included in three groups: service, technological and design. The relationship between these factors requires a detailed approach to the problem of selecting the initial component, the design of joints in the composite and the need to realize all these processes | 137106811 |
4,509,902 | simultaneously with the process of manufacture of the structure of the heat exchanger as a whole. When selecting the components of the LCMs, it is necessary to ensure the required level of anisotropy, to reduce the mass characteristics and to make sure that all these materials are readily available. The joining method should solve the problem of functioning of the structure and the possibility of regulating the anisotropy level when using the standard approaches of processing of the CMs. The results of information search were used for theoretical and experimental investigations and the data obtained in these investigations were subsequently used to determine the classes of the initial materials and the method of processing into components. The initial materials included aluminium or commercial purity copper and glasses (multicomponent oxide systems) synthesized on the basis of oxides of lead, boron, zinc, silicon and copper. The LCMs were produced by diffusion bonding of aluminium (copper) sheets with a fine dispersion glass powder deposited by one of the thin film technology methods. The main difficulty in producing the laminated metal– glass CM based on aluminium is that as regards to aluminium there are no glasses with similar temperature coefficients of linear expansion (TCLE). The difference is almost 300% and it is well known that even a small difference results in the formation of stresses leading to the formation of potential deformation energy which reduces the strength of the joint. Therefore, in the manufacture of the LCMs, special attention was given to reduce the stresses in the aluminium–glass contact. This | 137106811 |
4,509,903 | can be achieved by the following methods: | 137106811 |
4,509,904 | When the Rains are (Un)Stopped: African Feminism(s) and Green Democracy Abstract:This work is a feminist focus on Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) for green democracy. It argues that at the root of Africa’s water crisis is Africa’s lull towards an inclusive harnessing of her traditional ecological knowledge and values for state re-engineering. Given the foregoing, exploring rain-making and rain-holding acts raise questions such as: what is the African ontology of rain-making or rain-holding? Who are rain-makers and rain-holders? Could their knowledge be publicly harnessed and politically institutionalized? For what purposes and at whose expense do they operate? By gendering the questions, women’s roles in rain-making and rain-holding processes links African feminism to TEK and green democracy, thus iterating that democratic societal discourses must engage structural support which transcends those sufficient for traditional liberal democracy. It suggests a different, yet complementary attitude of participation and interaction to prove that certain traditional practices in Africa are sustainable toward both the environment and human nature. | 208688811 |
4,509,905 | Holocene book review: Past Glacial Environments Both rewards and pitfalls await the editors of multi-authored textbooks. On one hand, a large cast of authors can bring expert knowledge of a wide range of topics, promising breadth and depth of coverage far beyond what can be achieved by any one individual. On the other hand, editors must contend with varying interpretations of their brief, and may struggle to reconcile diverse styles, approaches and levels of engagement from an unruly crowd of contributors with scant regard for deadlines or the rules of grammar. It is little surprise therefore that Past Glacial Environments has both strengths and weaknesses. It boasts rich and varied content, including several excellent and up-to-date chapters; but there are also gaps and uneven coverage of topics, and at times one wishes, the editors had imposed a clearer overall sense of direction and purpose. The first odd thing about this book is its title. This is actually the second, extensively revised edition of Modern and Past Glacial Environments, John Menzies’ single-volume distillation of his double-barrelled opus Modern Glacial Environments and Past Glacial Environments. The decision to drop ‘modern’ from the title of the new edition seems strange, as the book has as much to say about modern glacial environments as it does about the past and contains chapters that can trace their ancestry back to each of the two original volumes. If the aim was to streamline the title, what was wrong with Glacial Environments? The book is arranged in five parts: I. The Prequaternary; II. | 134243311 |
4,509,906 | The Quaternary; III. Glacial Processes; IV. Techniques & Methods; and V. Problems and Perspectives. Parts I and II contain only three chapters between them; if they had been combined in a single section named ‘Earth’s Glacial History’, the editors could have avoided using the dreadful term ‘Prequaternary’, which is equivalent to standing on a vegetated moraine looking at geological time through the wrong end of a telescope. Nevertheless, the three chapters all add value to the book, although their widely differing emphases and perspectives make for a lack of overall coherence. Grant Young’s chapter provides a brief overview of Precambrian glaciations, including the extreme ‘Snowball Earth’ panglaciations of the Cryogenian, and touches on some of the big questions regarding their causes. The following chapter on early Palaeozoic (mainly Ordovician) glaciations by Le Heron, Tofaif and Melvin has a narrower temporal and geographical focus and is hence richer in detail. It is well illustrated with numerous examples of beautifully preserved erosional and depositional forms, as well as reconstructions of regional palaeogeography. Finally, Ehlers, Gibbard and Hughes’ authoritative and concise chapter on the Quaternary focuses very much on the overall chronology, leaving questions of forcings and feedbacks to a chapter by Sandra Passchier much later in the book. The great Permo-Carboniferous glaciation gets passing mention in the Precambrian chapter, but then is never heard of again. Major gaps such as this, and the widely differing approaches taken by the authors mean that, despite their individual merits, the chapters in Parts I and II do not add up to | 134243311 |
4,509,907 | a comprehensive and rounded whole or provide the firm foundation that the editors had perhaps imagined. Parts III and IV provide the main substance of the book, with a succession of chapters focusing on different glacial processes, environments and methods. Some of the chapters are updated from previous editions, such as Derbyshire and Owen’s classic ‘Glacioaeolian Processes, Sediments, and Landforms’, whereas others are brand new or extensively revised. Most of the bases are covered at a good level for geography or geology undergraduates, with mostly up-to-date and well-chosen reference lists. There are good, useful and well-illustrated chapters on subglacial processes and sediments (Menzies, van der Meer and Shilts), glaciotectonics (Emrys Phillips), the marine geological record (Sandra Passchier) and glaciohydrogeology (Ravier and Buoncristiani). Particular stand-outs are the chapters on glaciovolcanism (John Smellie) and modern glaciomarine environments and sediments (Domack and Powell). The former is lively, readable and informative, illustrating general principles with a series of well-chosen case studies. Domack and Powell’s chapter is an excellent mini textbook in its own right, full of ideas and rich in detail, and a magnificent tour de force by a pair of outstanding scientists who have led the field for as long as I can remember. Gene Domack passed away in November last year, and this chapter is a monument to his considerable abilities and achievements. A good range of techniques is covered in Part IV, including soils and palaeosols (Mason and Jacobs), till mineralogy and geochemistry (McClenaghan and Paulen) and geochronology (Timothy Jull). The latter is especially good, providing a | 134243311 |
4,509,908 | detailed and admirably clear primer for students. Kaleb Wagner provides a nice overview of the geographic information system (GIS) techniques that have revolutionised landform mapping and palaeoglaciological reconstructions, although this chapter, along with that on lithofacies and stratigraphy (Jonathan Lee), is inexplicably placed in Part III rather than Part IV. The choice of some techniques for inclusion clearly reflects the interests and research foci of the editors, so the coverage feels unbalanced in places. Menzies and van der Meer allot themselves over 50 pages to discuss the dark arts of micromorphology and microstructure, whereas standard and essential techniques such as fabric analysis, clast morphology and particle-size analysis get not a whisper. One of the most surprising–and best–chapters in the book is that on ice sheet and glacier modelling by Richard Hindmarsh. This highly detailed, technical and masterful review of glaciological modelling is quite unlike anything else in the book and really serves a different readership. Alongside pages of equations governing glacier dynamics, Hindmarsh writes readable discussions of topics such as instability theory of drumlin formation. Theories of drumlin formation are also discussed much earlier in the book Holocene book review 780161 HOL0010.1177/0959683618780161The HoloceneHolocene book review book-review2018 | 134243311 |
4,509,909 | MonitorNet: the Italian multi-centre observational study aimed at estimating the risk/benefit profile of biologic agents in real-world rheumatology practice. MonitorNet is a database established by the Italian Society of Rheumatology (SIR) in January 2007 and funded by the Italian Medicines Agency (AIFA), for the active long-term follow-up of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis treated with biologic agents. All hospital Rheumatology Units in Italy were invited to participate in a non-interventional, observational, epidemiological study. The study is conducted in a routine clinical setting (real-world practice) where biologics are prescribed on the basis of current recommendations. In this report we describe the design, methodology, and present preliminary data of the study. At the time of the analysis (April 2009) the database included 3510 patients: 2469 (70.3%) with established RA, 675 (19.2%) with PsA and 366 (10.4%) with AS. The cumulative follow up period was 8,787 patient-years (RA: 8,388, PsA: 157; AS: 242). There were 1,538 adverse events in 938 (26.7%) patients. Infections were recorded in 630 patients, skin-related adverse events in 142 and post-infusion reactions in 90. A total of 30 malignancies were reported. An interim analysis of efficacy was conducted on 2,148 RA patients. Seven hundred and thirty-one patients (35.8%) achieved EULAR remission (defined as DAS28<2.4). When assessed with the more restrictive CDAI and SDAI criteria, the frequency of remission was lower (17.9% and 14.7% respectively). Availability of funding for this study provided an opportunity to organize a collaborative national network of rheumatology clinics to develop a large multicentre observational study. | 24960561 |
4,509,910 | Identidades de género en las Telenovelas Mexicanas: estudio de caso de La Candidata This article ponders over the gender notions of women in the soap operas. La Candidata, a famous Mexican soap opera, is used in this study because it is an uncommon example of a show, presented to the Mexican television, that portrays how men use the Mexican political system to preserve a kleptocratic government, negotiate with the drug trafficking, and use violence as a form of political repression. In contrast, the telenovela depicts Regina Barcenas, the protagonist, as a woman whose behavior corresponds to the imaginary ideal of political women in Mexican society. Therefore, it represents political women as individuals who are expected to put aside their desire for power and ambition, and instead use their authority to exercise their role as the mothers of the community. La Candidata does not seek to break the gender stereotypes since itmaintains, through these political women, the separation of the public and private sphere, and presents political women in traditional roles. | 159413661 |
4,509,911 | Efficacy of antiemetic regimens for prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients of breast cancer receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy Background: Chemotherapy is fraught with serious and troublesome adverse effects, of which nausea and vomiting appears earliest and is the most disturbing. Therefore, this study was planned to investigate the antiemetic drug regimens used for chemotherapy-induced nausea vomiting (CINV) in patients with breast cancer receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC). Subjects and Methods: An observational follow-up study was conducted to assess the efficacy of antiemetic regimens in breast cancer patients receiving HEC. A total of 71 newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer were included in the study. Patients were assessed for nausea by the visual analog scale, and a history of emetic episodes and need for rescue medication were recorded at 0 h, 6 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 120 h post-chemotherapy till three cycles. Results: The patients were prescribed a combination of ondansetron and dexamethasone (n = 23, n = 17, and n = 13 in first, second, and third cycle, respectively) or a combination of aprepitant, ondansetron, and dexamethasone (n = 48, n = 54 and n = 56 in the first, second, and third cycle, respectively). The intensity of nausea was higher for the patients who were prescribed ondansetron and dexamethasone regimen as compared to patients prescribed aprepitant additionally. Complete response, i.e., no emesis and no rescue medication, was higher in triple-drug regimen (52% vs. 0.4%, 63% vs. 17.6%, and 69% vs. 23% in three cycles, respectively). Conclusion: The control of | 230989111 |
4,509,912 | CINV was better with a combination of aprepitant, ondansetron, and dexamethasone as compared to a regimen without aprepitant. | 230989111 |
4,509,913 | Synthesis and Properties of Recycled Paper-Nano-Clay-Reinforced Epoxy Eco-Composites Epoxy ecocomposites reinforced with recycled paper (rP) and nano-kaolinite (nK) have been synthesized. The effect of seawater soaking on the flexural and impact properties have been characterized. This new but cost-effective approach has been developed to improve the physical and mechanical properties of polymeric materials without adversely affecting their processing characteristics. The micromechanisms of toughening and failure processes are discussed. | 137641411 |
4,509,914 | Dosimetric effects of beam size and collimation of epithermal neutrons for boron neutron capture therapy. A series of studies of "ideal" beams has been carried out using Monte Carlo simulation with the goal of providing guidance for the design of epithermal beams for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). An "ideal" beam is defined as a monoenergetic, photon-free source of neutrons with user-specified size, shape and angular dependence of neutron current. The dosimetric behavior of monoenergetic neutron beams in an elliptical phantom composed of brain-equivalent material has been assessed as a function of beam diameter and neutron emission angle (beam angle), and the results are reported here. The simulation study indicates that substantial differences exist in the dosimetric behavior of small and large neutron beams (with respect to the phantom) as a function of the extent of beam collimation. With a small beam, dose uniformity increases as the beam becomes more isotropic (less collimated); the opposite is seen with large beams. The penetration of thermal neutrons is enhanced as the neutron emission angle is increased with a small beam; again the opposite trend is seen with large beams. When beam size is small, the dose delivered per neutron is very dependent on the extent of beam collimation; this does not appear to be the case with a larger beam. These trends in dose behavior are presented graphically and discussed in terms of their effect on several figures of merit, the advantage depth, the advantage ratio, and the advantage depth-dose rate. Tables giving quick summaries of these results | 25942511 |
4,509,915 | are provided. | 25942511 |
4,509,916 | Cloth Animation with Collision Detection This document reports the techniques and steps used to implemented a physically based animation of cloth, which included collision with objects and self collision. We also comment on the difficulties encountered, and present some results. CR Categories: I.3.7 [Computer Graphics]: Three-Dimensional Graphics and Realist—Animation I.3.5 [Computer Graphics]: Computation Geometry and Object Modeling—Physically based modeling | 11117511 |
4,509,917 | [Ketamine pharmacokinetics and metabolism after bolus injection of X-ray contrast agents in roentgeno-endovascular interventions in children]. The study was carried out on 13 children (2-12 years) subjected to abdominal aortography. The children were divided into 2 groups. Changes in plasma concentrations of ketamine and its metabolism were evaluated during anesthesia after bolus injection of ionic highly osmolar and nonionic low-osmolar x-ray contrast agents (RCA). Injection of an RCA bolus was associated with a 2-fold more rapid drop of the anesthetic concentration in the blood, increase of renal clearance of ketamine and its metabolites; the osmotic effect of ionic highly osmolar and nonionic low-osmolar RCA on ketamine pharmacokinetics virtually did not differ. | 26871661 |
4,509,918 | A high-energy fibre-to-fibre connection for direct optical initiation systems Direct Optical Initiation (DOI), uses a moderate energy laser to shock initiate secondary explosives, via either a flyer plate or exploding metal foil. DOI offers significant performance and safety advantages over conventional electrical initiation. Optical fibres are used to transport the optical energy from the laser to the explosive device. A DOI system comprises of a laser, one or more optical fibres, and one or more laser detonators. Realisation of a DOI system is greatly eased by the use of fibre-to-fibre connections, allowing for easy integration into bulkheads or other interfaces, such as firing tanks and environmental test chambers. Fibres to fibre connectors capable of transmitting the required energy densities are not commercially available. Energy densities in the region of 35 J cm-2 are required for initiation, above the damage threshold of typical optical fibres. Laser-induced damage is typically caused by laser absorption at the input face due to imperfections in the surface polishing. To successfully transmit energy densities for DOI, a high quality fibre end face finish is required. A fibre-to-fibre connection utilizing micro-lens array injection into a large-core, tapered optical fibre, a hermetic fibre bulkhead feedthrough, and a disposable test fibre has been developed. This permits easy connection of test detonators or components, with the complex free-space to fibre injection simplified to a single operation. The damage threshold and transmission losses of the fibre-to-fibre connection have been established for each interface. | 136917161 |
4,509,919 | Stranded under the Prom: impacted gravid uterus presenting as acute urinary retention Acute urinary retention in pregnancy secondary to an impacted uterus is a rare occurrence. It can have non-specific presentations, leading to delay in diagnosis, hence potentially increasing maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. A number of risk factors for the condition have been identified. We describe the case of a 31-year-old woman presenting with urinary retention at 18 weeks’ gestation. Clinical examination revealed features consistent with a gravid uterus impacted in the pelvis. Management with urinary catheterisation followed by gentle manual disimpaction of the uterus was successful. | 3068161 |
4,509,920 | Mathematical modeling of ixodiс ticks and their hosts of the Non-Black Earth Zone The article discusses the impact of exogenous factors on the population of ixodic ticks and small mammals. It is known that parasitic arthropods, mouse-like rodents are very susceptible to changes in climatic factors of a certain habitat. For the development of their population, it is necessary to study many factors: a certain air temperature, humidity or rainfall, daylight hours, cloud cover, and atmospheric pressure. The survival of small mammals, and therefore the number of ticks in the future, depends on exogenous factors. Mathematical modeling in parasitology opens up great opportunities for predicting outbreaks of vector-borne infections and infestations without serious material costs. As a result, calculation models of small mammals for the Kaluga Region and data on the most influence of the average atmospheric pressure, air temperature, and humidity on the arthropod population were obtained. The higher the ambient temperature is within the normal range for a certain territory, the more favorable the conditions for propagation are. Rainfall has the opposite effect. The analysis of the obtained model by ixodic ticks shows the strongest effect on the arthropod population of average atmospheric pressure. The advantage of the applied modeling allows taking into account the impact on the observed object of a combination of all factors and their interaction effects. | 225853661 |
4,509,921 | Stroke volume optimization: the new hemodynamic algorithm. Critical care practices have evolved to rely more on physical assessments for monitoring cardiac output and evaluating fluid volume status because these assessments are less invasive and more convenient to use than is a pulmonary artery catheter. Despite this trend, level of consciousness, central venous pressure, urine output, heart rate, and blood pressure remain assessments that are slow to be changed, potentially misleading, and often manifested as late indications of decreased cardiac output. The hemodynamic optimization strategy called stroke volume optimization might provide a proactive guide for clinicians to optimize a patient's status before late indications of a worsening condition occur. The evidence supporting use of the stroke volume optimization algorithm to treat hypovolemia is increasing. Many of the cardiac output monitor technologies today measure stroke volume, as well as the parameters that comprise stroke volume: preload, afterload, and contractility. | 16742961 |
4,509,922 | The effect of changes in dietary sodium on lung and serum antiotensin-I-converting enzyme in the rat. Three groups of rats were fed a sodium-deficient diet, a normal sodium diet, and a diet high in sodium for up to 8 weeks. Animals on a sodium-deficient diet had a significant decrease of serum sodium levels with a concomitant increase of renal renin granules. The reverse was true in rats on a high sodium diet whereas no significant changes in renin granulation were seen in rats fed a normal sodium diet. The changes in serum sodium levels and in number of renal renin granules were not associated with changes in lung or serum angiotensin-I-converting enzyme activity which did not vary significantly in any of the three groups of rats throughout the experiment. It is, therefore, suggested that such activity is independent of changes in sodium balance sufficient to affect the renal renin content. | 21221011 |
4,509,923 | [Prevention of respiratory infection in patients following surgical intervention]. The objective of the present study was to estimate the efficacy of therapy with hexetedine for the prevention of the respiratory infection in the patients undergoing surgical intervention. The study included 64 patients (28 adults and 36 children) ranging in the age from 3 to 55 years who were examined before and after surgery (radiosurgical tonsillectomy and radiosurgical uvulopalatoplasty). Complete clinical examination was supplemented by a microbiological study of cultivated mucosal swab samples obtained from the pharynx before and after the treatment. 41 patients of the study group received hexetedine (hexoral) for the 4 days preceding the operation and during 3 days of the postoperative period. It was shown that the patients treated with hexetedine both in the pre- and postoperative periods experienced a substantial decrease in microbial infestation of pharyngeal mucosa and accelerated elimination of the inflammatory process. Moreover, the general therapeutic effect on day 5 after surgery was more pronounced in the hexetedine-treated patients compared with controls. | 24194561 |
4,509,924 | Developing a Scale to Measure the Creative Environment Perceptions: A Questionnaire for Investigating Garden Variety Creativity A scale is presented to measure worker creative environment perceptions. The scale has good measurement properties, is brief enough for easy administration, and can be used on a wide range of garden variety creativity workers. Structural equation modeling testing of the underlying factor structure showed 3 significantly interrelated latent variables—creativity support, work characteristics, and creativity blocks. This finding indicated that managers should improve all aspects of their organizations' creative environment in order to maximize worker creative output. | 143656661 |
4,509,925 | An Improved Reactive Current Detection and Power Control Method for Single-Phase Photovoltaic Grid-Connected DG System In the single-phase photovoltaic (PV) grid-connected distributed generation (DG) system located at the end of the feeder, it is necessary to provide quickly active and reactive power to the local loads. In this paper, an improved reactive current detection and power control method are proposed to realize active power control and reactive power compensation. To detect quickly the loads reactive current, a fast reactive current detection method using the derivative and ip-iq algorithm is presented, and it can overcome the long delay in a conventional phase-shift method. In the inner current loop, the quasi-proportional-resonant (QPR) control method with grid voltage feed-forward is presented to control accurately the grid current with zero steady error, and to reduce the current distortion due to the frequency offset and distortion of the grid voltage. The inner loop stability is analyzed, and the proper parameters are selected. In the outer loop, proportional-integrator (PI) controller is applied to stabilize the dc-link voltage, and power feed-forward is introduced to speed up system response. Simulation and experimental results verified the validity of the proposed control method. | 10847511 |
4,509,926 | 1-V Full-Swing Depletion-Load a-In–Ga–Zn–O Inverters for Back-End-of-Line Compatible 3D Integration To enable monolithic three-dimensional integration of the amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O (a-IGZO) and CMOS technologies, the a-IGZO inverters compatible with the low operating voltage (≤1 V) and process temperature of back-end-of-line CMOS have been investigated. We demonstrated a full-swing depletion-load inverter with a voltage gain up to 24 using a CMOS-compatible operating voltage of 1 V. The drive transistor was realized using a low-voltage enhancement-mode a-IGZO thin-film transistor (TFT) with a steep subthreshold swing of 70 mV/decade and a low threshold voltage of 0.5 V. The load transistor was implemented using a bi-layer a-IGZO channel, where the a-IGZO composition was modulated simply by the oxygen flow rate in a depletion-mode TFT. | 37495811 |
4,509,927 | Time-hopping spread-spectrum system for wireless optical communications This paper describes an optical wireless system based on time-hopping spread-spectrum techniques, as a first approach, at infrared wavelengths. It can be used either for low-speed sensor interconnections or as a return channel in a visible light communications system. The main advantage of this scheme is an improvement in the narrowband interference rejection capability and the number of simultaneous users supported, compared with other wireless optical standards. Moreover, a wide analysis is carried out about the mutual interference between time-hopping spread-spectrum systems and other infrared ones. Finally, some conclusions are drawn about some design parameters of the time-hopping system in order to allow its compatibility with preexisting optical devices. | 207791011 |
4,509,928 | ON THE ESTIMATION OF THE F2-NORM OF A FUNCTION OVER A BOUNDED SUBSET OF Rn The objective of this paper is to present an estimate bounding the L2-norm of a function over a bounded subset of Rn by the L2-norms of its derivatives of arbitrary order over all of R" and the L2-norm of its projection onto a finite-dimensional space of functions with bounded support. The estimate essentially generalizes inequalities of Friedrichs [1, p. 284] and Lax and Phillips [2, p. 95]. An application of the estimate is made to the Fredholm theory of elliptic partial differential operators in R". | 50633411 |
4,509,929 | Sleep apnea syndrome in children--secondary to adenotonsillar hypertrophy? In this study we investigated the relationship between the size of adenoids and/or tonsils and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in 19 children aged 3 to 7 years. After clinical examination by an ENT specialist, electrocardiogram (ECG), vectorcardiogram (VCG) and echocardiogram (EC) were performed while the patients were awake, and static charge sensitive bed (SCSB) method recording (noninvasive monitoring of ballistocardiogram, respiration and body movements) while asleep. After adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy, the volume of the tonsils and the adenoids was determined. RVH was found in 4 out of 19 children (21%). RVH findings correlated highly with the number of apneas but, surprisingly, not with measured adenotonsillar size in those children. However, at 6 months of follow-up, the VCG and EC changes had returned to normal. These results suggest that RVH is more common in children suffering from upper airway obstruction than previously believed, and that factors other than adenotonsillar size also have an influence on upper airway obstruction. | 11770111 |
4,509,930 | CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK FACTORS PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATION AMONG THE MALE POPULATION Cardiovascular disease is the most prevalent disease aficting people in industrialised and developing countries alike, including India. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of CVD, its risk factors, and the relationship between genetic, socioeconomic, lifestyle, and environmental factors and CVD risk. Survey was carried out by using pretested questionnaire among randomly selected 541 (app. 7%) adult males of Vallabh Vidyanagar. Their anthropometric measurements were taken; lipid prole and blood pressure was evaluated. The prevalence rate of CVD was 15.3%. Systolic blood pressure (32.1%), diastolic blood pressure (22.7%), overweight (30.23%), obesity (6.9%), diabetes (14.7%), low HDL-c (58.9%), high triglyceride level (15.6%), high LDL-c (7.4%), and hypercholesterolemia (7.4%) were the most common main CVD risk factors (5.7 percent ). Among all the variables age and occupation showed highest signicant association with CVD. Hypertension, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-C, and the TC:HDL-c ratio all exhibited a signicant connection with age and BMI. A predictive equation P=ex/1+ex, Where x= 0.696+ 3.411* Income (1) +3.183* Income (2) +1.682* Income (3) -1.295* Triglyceride (1) -2.766* Triglyceride (2) -3.792* Age (1) -102.034* Age (2) -3.135* Age (3) -3.384* Age (4) -2.464* Age (5) -1.041* Diabetic (1) was developed using multiple logistic regression analysis, which can be easily implemented to predict the strength of CVD. Based on the ndings, it can be inferred that the prevalence of CVD risk factors in males in Vallabh Vidyanagar is quite low. The "At Risk" male population, on the other hand, is enormous and | 248728811 |
4,509,931 | requires regular re-evaluation. | 248728811 |
4,509,932 | Molecular biology of red cell blood group genes The explosion of new information and technology for probing the fine architecture of gene structure has already brought new insights into the varied phenotypic expression of red cell blood group antigens. Molecular biologic techniques will be increasingly applied to red cell antigens as well as blood group antigens on other blood cells. Not since the introduction of the Coombs reagent has such a powerful method been available with which to increase our understanding of the nature of blood cell antigens. | 33571211 |
4,509,933 | The role of vascular surgery in arteriogenic and combined arteriogenic and venogenic impotence. Currently, the only procedure that may be ready for clinical application in arteriogenic impotence is the retrograde revascularization operation for patients who have been shown to have localized obstruction of the internal pudendal artery. This applies almost exclusively to young healthy men with impotence due to pelvic trauma. The concept that perineal trauma causes localized obstruction of the penile artery is controversial. Because the best candidates for penile revascularization are young healthy men with localized, rather than diffuse, arterial pathology and with the absence of vascular risk factors, the overall role for treatment of arteriogenic or combined arteriogenic and venogenic impotence by penile revascularization is very limited. For patients with impotence following pelvic and possibly perineal trauma, as well as occasional patients with arteriosclerosis who wish to be considered for penile revascularization, evaluation should begin with screening intracavernous pharmacodiagnosis using papaverine with or without phentolamine, or prostaglandin E1. If a poor response occurs, identification of venous pathophysiology by cavernosometry and identification of arterial pathophysiology by dynamic infusion cavernosometry and/or duplex sonography of the corpus cavernosum should be undertaken. If there is no venous pathology, penile arteriography must be done to design an anatomically rational revascularization operation. In the future, improved results of penile vascular surgery may occur if we can develop a clearer understanding of the physiology and pathophysiology of erection, improved diagnostic techniques, and a better selection of surgical candidates.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) | 24095511 |
4,509,934 | Performance of phytosanitary products for control of soybean caterpillar. The present work evaluated the efficiency of applied biological control and chemical control of Chrysodeixis includens, and the management of this looper caterpillar in the field soybean crop. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design, consisting of six treatments applied only once: two different doses of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), 0.2 and 0.35 L ha-1; Metarhizium rileyi strain UFMS 02 (Mr), 2.0 and 5.0 kg ha-1; insecticide Flubendiamide (Fd) 20 mL ha-1; and the control. The reduction of the pest and the percentage of efficiency of the products along the development of the soybean, besides some phytotechnical parameters, were evaluated thirteen days after the application. In general, there was a decrease in the number of caterpillars after thirteen days of spraying, with the Bt treatment being 350 mL ha-1, which provided the greatest reduction in the population (96.2%) when compared to the control (6.7 %). Regarding efficiency, treatments containing biological products Bt (two doses) and Mr 5.0 kg ha-1 provided the best results: 95.88, 84.69 and 92.35%, respectively. Among the phytotechnical parameters evaluated, the biological treatments were superior to the chemical treatments in relation to the productivity and the number of pods per plant, not differing statistically among them. | 240072811 |
4,509,935 | On Distributed Solution for Simultaneous Linear Symmetric Systems Cholesky Decomposition is the primary approach which is used to solve Symmetric and Positive Definite (SPD) systems but is inherently iterative making it very difficult to parallelize as calculations at each partition require elements from other partitions. In this paper, we present two distributed block-recursive approaches to solve large SPD systems — the symmetric version of the state-of-the-art Strassen’s algorithm and Cholesky based inversion algorithm. We show experimentally that both the approaches have good scalability and Cholesky based approach is more efficient as it uses fewer matrix multiplications in each recursion level than Strassen based algorithm. | 232374361 |
4,509,936 | Bifurcation Control and Complex Dynamics in Field-Oriented Control of a PMSM The general purpose of this paper is to develop new aspects of bifurcation structures in a 3D parametric space. Identification of generic bifurcation structures in former studies was based on the arrangement of bifurcation curves in the parameter plane. So by analogy to such studies, we define the bifurcation surface in 3D parameter space as the main feature of the said generic structures. The implementation of this idea is made on the permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) whose speed is regulated with a field-oriented control (FOC). Sufficient conditions are given for the existence of three main bifurcations: limit point (LP), Hopf (H) and Bogdanov–Takens (BT). Starting from bifurcation curves traced in a parameter plane and changing a third parameter, a qualitative bifurcation surface is constructed in a 3D parametric space. This led to underline the increasing complexity of the bifurcation structures when dealing with more than two parameters. This study put into evidence not only the complex behavior of PMSM, but stands as a starting point for a new formalism on the bifurcation structures in a 3D parametric space. | 67320411 |
4,509,937 | Design of Horn Feed with Duplex Function for Parabolic Antennas in Ku-Band VAST Applications A horn feed with duplex function for parabolic antennas is designed in this paper. The proposed feed integrates a horn and an E-plane split waveguide duplexer. The E-plane split waveguide duplexer consists of two Ku-band waveguide filters, which are designed by inserting diaphragms into the rectangular waveguide. In parabolic antenna, the innovation of this paper is that the integration of the duplexer into the feed horn not only plays the role of self-supporting, but also reduces the size of the whole structure. The proposed horn feed provides a good gain of 9.5dBi in the transmitting band and 8.4dBi in the receiving band respectively. This horn feed can be used for Ku-band Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) applications with receiving and transmitting frequencies of 11-11.8GHz and 14.1-15GHz, respectively. The proposed horn feed shows a good isolation of over 45dB in the transmitting channel and over 60dB in the receiving channel. | 232153111 |
4,509,938 | An attractive analytical technique for coupled system of fractional partial differential equations in shallow water waves with conformable derivative Mathematical simulation of nonlinear physical and abstract systems is a very vital process for predicting the solution behavior of fractional partial differential equations (FPDEs) corresponding to different applications in science and engineering. In this paper, an attractive reliable analytical technique, the conformable residual power series, is implemented for constructing approximate series solutions for a class of nonlinear coupled FPDEs arising in fluid mechanics and fluid flow, which are often designed to demonstrate the behavior of weakly nonlinear and long waves and describe the interaction of shallow water waves. In the proposed technique the n-truncated representation is substituted into the original system and it is assumed the (n − 1) conformable derivative of the residuum is zero. This allows us to estimate coefficients of truncation and successively add the subordinate terms in the multiple fractional power series with a rapidly convergent form. The influence, capacity, and feasibility of the presented approach are verified by testing some real-world applications. Finally, highlights and some closing comments are attached. | 225617311 |
4,509,939 | Comparison of Important Laws Governing the Macroeconomies of Taiwan and China This is a comparative study of the important laws governing the macroeconomies of Taiwan and China. The laws are concerned with consumption, investment and fiscal and monetary policies of the government. Following similar studies on China, the present paper focuses on the case of Taiwan. Using annual data from 1961 to 2014 we find that the consumption function satisfies the permanent income hypothesis of Friedman and the investment function satisfies the accelerations principle as in the case of China. Money supply does not affect GDP but government expenditure has a positive effect on consumption and a negative effect on investment. These results are opposite to those obtained for China. Explanations of the differences are given. | 156647961 |
4,509,940 | A re-examination of perpendicular drought indices over Central and Southwest Asia Drought monitoring models and products assist decision makers in drought planning, preparation, and mitigation, all of which can play a role in reducing drought impacts. In this study, the performance of two newly developed remote sensing-based drought indices, the perpendicular drought index (PDI) and modified perpendicular drought index (MPDI), are further explored for regional drought monitoring in agricultural regions located in central and south western Asia. The study area covers regions from moderate and wet climatological zones with dense vegetation coverage to semi-arid and arid climatological conditions with moderate to poor vegetation coverage. The spatio-temporal patterns of surface drought derived by PDI and MPDI from 250m MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data in 8-day time steps are compared against two other drought indices: the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) as a meteorological drought index and the potential evapotranspiration (ET0) as an agro-meteorological drought index, which both were calculated based on field-measured precipitation and regional meteorological parameters. In addition, 8-day MODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was calculated and its performance to detect drought occurrence and measuring of drought severity compared with the two perpendicular drought indices. Significant correlations were found between the PDI, the MPDI and precipitation and other applied meteorological and agrometeorological drought indices. The results confirm previous studies which has been analyzing the PDI and the MPDI over some study points in Iran. In this research, however, implementation of higher resolution data (MOD09Q1) in both spatial (250 m) and temporal (8-days) dimensions revealed a | 129857711 |
4,509,941 | greater agreement between the drought information extracted by the MPDI, PDI and field meteorological measurements. It could be concluded that the applied perpendicular indices could be used as a drought early warning system over case study region and other regions with similar arid and semi-arid climatological conditions. | 129857711 |
4,509,942 | Comparison of high affinity binding of 3H-proadifen and 3H-(-)-cocaine to rat liver membranes. The characteristics of the binding of 3H-proadifen to rat liver membranes were studied and compared to those of 3H-cocaine. It was found that 3H-proadifen was bound reversibly with high affinity (KD = 1.8 +/- 0.5 nM) and large capacity (Bmax = 2010 +/- 340 pmol/g wet tissue) to liver membranes. The corresponding values for the 3H-cocaine binding were 3.5 nM and 1000 pmol/g wet tissue. The binding of 3H-proadifen was mainly localised to the microsomal fraction. The number of binding sites was not increased by treatment of rats with phenobarbitone. With 1 microM CdCl2 in the incubation buffer it was possible to differentiate between two 3H-cocaine binding sites with Kd values of 1.6 and 7.7 nM and Bmax values of 280 and 940 pmol/g wet liver tissue. S-(-)-Alaproclate inhibited the binding of 3H-proadifen and 3H-cocaine with high affinity (IC50 = 2.2 nM and 0.4 nM, respectively). The R-enantiomer was 100 to 300 times less potent. Cocaine inhibited the binding of 3H-proadifen (IC50 = 10 nM) and proadifen that of 3H-cocaine (IC50 = 1 nM). There was a high correlation coefficient (rr = 0.972; P < 0.01; n = 12) in the Spearman rank test between the inhibitory potencies of compounds examined in both systems. Besides some potent alaproclate analogues a couple of compounds had moderately high affinity (IC50 = 100-500 nM): chloroquine, phenoxybenzamine, amitriptyline, ajmaline, remoxipride, imipramine and (-)-alaprenolol. CdCl2, ZnCl2 and CuCl2 inhibited the binding of both ligands with low Hill coefficients, | 37597061 |
4,509,943 | indicating heterogeneous binding sites.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) | 37597061 |
4,509,944 | Massively Parallel DNA Sequencing Successfully Identifies New Causative Mutations in Deafness Genes in Patients with Cochlear Implantation and EAS Genetic factors, the most common etiology in severe to profound hearing loss, are one of the key determinants of Cochlear Implantation (CI) and Electric Acoustic Stimulation (EAS) outcomes. Satisfactory auditory performance after receiving a CI/EAS in patients with certain deafness gene mutations indicates that genetic testing would be helpful in predicting CI/EAS outcomes and deciding treatment choices. However, because of the extreme genetic heterogeneity of deafness, clinical application of genetic information still entails difficulties. Target exon sequencing using massively parallel DNA sequencing is a new powerful strategy to discover rare causative genes in Mendelian disorders such as deafness. We used massive sequencing of the exons of 58 target candidate genes to analyze 8 (4 early-onset, 4 late-onset) Japanese CI/EAS patients, who did not have mutations in commonly found genes including GJB2, SLC26A4, or mitochondrial 1555A>G or 3243A>G mutations. We successfully identified four rare causative mutations in the MYO15A, TECTA, TMPRSS3, and ACTG1 genes in four patients who showed relatively good auditory performance with CI including EAS, suggesting that genetic testing may be able to predict the performance after implantation. | 17995261 |
4,509,945 | Regional Distribution of Catalase in the Adult Rat Brain Catalase activity was measured in 11 areas of perfused adult rat brain. The hypothalamus and substantia nigra contained the highest activities. The corpus callosum. a white‐matter structure, contained intermediate activity. The caudate‐putamen and frontal cortex contained the lowest activities. Regional catalase bears some relationship to the reported distribution of microperoxisomes, but considerable activity is present in areas with few microperoxisomes. Catalase may function as one of the systems detoxifying H2O2 formed in CNS amine metabolism. | 2070811 |
4,509,946 | Effects of Fiber Crimp Configurations on the Face Texture of Knitted Fabrics Made with PTT/PET Bicomponent Fibers PTT (Polytrimethylene terephthalate)/PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) bicomponent filament is a new type of polyester fiber with excellent elasticity and other desirable fiber properties. It is used extensively in woven fabrics, however, when used in knitted fabrics it has a tendency of showing severe random uneven surfaces. The causes of this problem and ways to overcome it were investigated. Fabric surfaces and yarn crimp configurations of several knitted fabrics made with PTT/PET bicomponent filaments were studied by optical microscopy. Attempts to adjust the tensions and yarn speeds during knitting could not eliminate the unevenness entirely, especially when the fabrics were wet-heat treated. From microscopy and heat-treatment studies, the major cause for this unevenness was found to be due to the development of tight crimp configurations, which produced reversal points and changed the helical crimp directions after heat-treatment. They caused light to reflect differently, and the random tight crimps caused fabric to protrude and, therefore, the unevenness. This problem was mitigated by using PTT/PET filaments made by a new yarn manufacturing method, which controlled the development of crimp configurations and prevented the formation of reversal points and helical crimp direction changes. | 4599651 |
4,509,947 | The conundrum of depressive symptom-frailty comorbidity and overlap We read with interest the important paper by Chang et al. (2021) which explored the relationship between baseline depressive symptoms and incident frailty in older adults in Taiwan. The authors undertook a stratified analysis looking at the relationship between these two conditions in baseline robust and prefrailty groups in an attempt to address the important issue of overlapping criteria between depressive symptoms and frailty. Overall, 2,717 participants (mean age 67.5 ± 0.1 years, 50.3% female) were analyzed from the Healthy Aging Longitudinal Study in Taiwan, a nationwide survey. Depressive symptoms weremeasured using the 20-item Center for Epidemiological Studies – Depression (CES-D) scale, which has good psychometric properties in older adults (Cosco et al., 2020), with a total score of 60, and frailty status wasmeasured using the Fried frailty phenotype. The authors reported that the adjusted hazard ratio of becoming frail in those with depressive symptoms was 2.6 (95% CI: 1.6, 4.2) during the average 5.9year follow-up period. Of the individual five domains of the Fried frailty phenotype, only the development of unintentional weight loss and exhaustion demonstrated a significant association with depressive symptoms, with adjusted hazard ratios of 2.1 (95% CI: 1.2, 3.9) and 4.8 (95% CI: 2.5, 9.3), respectively. There were no associations between depressive symptoms and the development of poor muscle strength, slowness, or lower levels of physical activity reported. Subgroup analyses findings were fairly consistent with the overall results despite limited sample sizes. The strengths of this study include the sample that represents a diverse | 238237751 |
4,509,948 | socio-demographic population in Taiwan achieved through systematic random sampling. This helps to further our confidence that the association between depressive symptoms and frailty likely remains relevant across racial and ethnic groups, which is similar to what has been found in western populations (Feng et al., 2017). Further, the follow-up period, of almost 6 years, strengthens the effect estimation and solidifies the reported relationship between depressive symptoms and frailty as the limited number of longitudinal studies to date have had a shorter period (Soysal et al., 2017). A particularly novel aspect of this study was the subgroup analyses which attempted to mitigate the confounding effects of frailty on depressive symptoms and vice versa due to their overlapping criteria. From these analyses, the authors concluded that the reported association between frailty and depressive symptoms was in part due to their overlapping criteria. While this paper was novel, some limitations may affect the validity of this study’s results and require addressing in future studies. First, the sample size was small in the stratified analysis and there was only one participant with depressive symptoms but no frailty symptoms at baseline. Clearly, this also introduces some bias into the results. Also of concern, but not uncommon, is the lower follow-up rates in those with depressive symptoms, coupled with the fact that those with baseline depressive symptoms weremore likely to drop out of the study because of a depression-related decline in health and function. Attrition is a challenging bias to address in secondary analysis research. Yet, this is in part explained by | 238237751 |
4,509,949 | the fact the population of interest is more likely to drop out. Therefore, when undertaking such research in those with depressive symptoms and long-term conditions, participant burden should be minimized, and additional efforts made to try and acquire complete data analysis. Lastly, the CESD was used to assess depressive symptoms; while this has reasonable psychometric properties (Cosco et al., 2020), it cannot be used to determine a clinical diagnosis of depression itself and the results cannot be translated to this population with comorbid frailty. To provide broader context to this study, it is imperative to explain both these conditions often cooccur and have a close comorbidity. A previous systematic review found that the prevalence of depression in a sample of people with frailty was 38.6% (95%CI: 30.07–47.10), while the prevalence of frailty in people with depression was 40.4% (95% CI: 27.00–55.30). The review also found that the odds of people with frailty having comorbid depression compared to nonfrailty control groups were 4.42 (95% CI: 2.66–7.35) and the odds of people with depression having frailty compared to nondepressed control groups were 4.07 (95% CI: 1.93– 8.55) (Soysal et al., 2017). Lastly, this review found International Psychogeriatrics (2022), 34:1, 11–14 © International Psychogeriatric Association 2021 | 238237751 |
4,509,950 | A Preliminary Study of Adaptive Random Testing Techniques Software testing has many types of technique to increase the bug finding. One of the main testing techniques to be considered is including Random Testing (RT). The RT is the method of test in a random manner. The random approach can be a better method if we consider the information about the software under test. Due to this matter, a technique in selection of the test cases which is the reason the Adaptive Random Testing (ART) is proposed. So, we do a preliminary study about the ART to know about ART and to know the elements involves in ART. We found the ART technique are very actively focus area in year 2004 with main three notions: distance; restriction; and partition. This preliminary study helps in our guidance for our future research which is testing a new paradigm (Aspect-Oriented Program) | 18649801 |
4,509,951 | Self-Regulated Learning Method Through Smartphone Assistance in Promoting Speaking Ability Self-regulated learning is a method of the student-centered learning paradigm. This method encourages students to be actively involved in the learning process, organize themselves, recognize their capabilities, and take the initiative to decide the appropriate way to achieve the learning achievement. The use of self-regulated learning with smartphones' assistance has had a double effect on students' language proficiency. However, the self-regulated learning method with smartphone assistance in the speaking class has not been supported by current empirical studies. The evidence indicates that self-regulated learning with smartphones' assistance affects students' English skills, such as acuity in micro-and macro-linguistics analysis, improved digital literacy, enthusiasm for learning, and self-potential development autonomy. This study aimed to analyze the impact of using the self-regulated learning method with smartphones in the speaking class. This review is a quantitative study with a pre-test and post-test design that was executed between October 2020 until January 2021. 110 students were chosen as samples in this study. An English-speaking rubric has been used to obtain data; that data was then analyzed by a software application that is SPSS 24.0, which was proceeded by qualitative description. The findings demonstrate that using a self-regulated learning method with smartphone assistance has positively impacted student speaking ability. This increased effect is demonstrated by the adjusted mean score on the post-test = 82.32. English instructors are encouraged to apply this method by considering students' characteristics, cognitive capacities, learning styles, learner autonomy, and the steps of how to apply this method in | 250237451 |
4,509,952 | the instruction process. | 250237451 |
4,509,953 | Progressive supranuclear palsy with action myoclonus, seizures A case of atypical progressive supranuclear palsy is presented that differs from the classical description of the disorder. The patient was a 50 year old woman who had a neurologic disturbance that progressed over eight years and that was studied clinically and pathologically. The case differs from classical progressive supranuclear palsy in that action myoclonus, seizures, and a late eye-movement disorder were present, while rigidity and dementia were relatively absent. An additional difference is that the most prominent pathologic findings were in the midbrain, dentate nuclei, and cerebral cortex. If the case is properly classified, it is unique in its clinical presentation and in the distribution of lesions. | 5072751 |
4,509,954 | Saurida: Cloud Computing based - Data Mining System in Telecommunication Industry Telecommunication data mining has been often used as a background application to motivate many technical problems in data mining research. However, traditional mining algorithms face new challenges which are tremendous amount of data and high time and space complexity of algorithms. Recently, MapReduce parallel computing model has been emerging. In this paper, we combine data mining with MapReduce based cloud computing to meet the challenges and showcase our applied system named Saurida. As a full functionality system, we provide data flow oriented preprocessing utilities which achieve almost linear speedup and extensively support for user defined functions, and we also provide many data mining algorithms. More importantly, we elaborate several application scenarios as real-word requirements of telecom industry by employing a large volume of data obtained from telecom operator. And we validate our system has a good scalability, effectiveness and efficiency. | 3635101 |
4,509,955 | A Near‐Infrared Mechano Responsive Polymer System A new type of crosslinked polyarylamide based film with a fibrillar morphology that is photomechanically responsive has been created. Without any additive or need of pre-alignment, these films can actuate under NIR stimulation. By constructing the photoresponsive film on top of a piezoelectric poly(vinylidene difluoride) film, electrical energy can be generated under NIR excitation. This is the first polymer system that exhibits NIR response without any conventional photosensitive moieties. | 205243751 |
4,509,956 | Non-Imaging Acoustical Properties in Monitoring Arteriovenous Hemodialysis Access. A Review The limitations of the gold standard angiography technique in arteriovenous access surveillance have opened a gap for researchers to find the best way to monitor this condition with low-cost, non-invasive and continuous bedside monitoring. The phonoangiography technique has been developed prior to these limits. This measurement and monitoring technique, associated with intelligence signal processing, promises better analysis for early detection of hemodialysis access problems, such as stenosis and thrombosis. Some research groups have shown that the phonoangiography technique could identify as many as 20% of vascular diameter changes and also its frequency characteristics due to hemodialysis access problems. The frequency characteristics of these acoustical signals are presented and discussed in detail to understand the association with the stenosis level, blood flows, sensor locations, fundamental frequency bands of normal and abnormal conditions, and also the spectral energy produced. This promising technique could be used in the near future as a tool for pre-diagnosis of arteriovenous access before any further access correction by surgical techniques is required. This paper provides an extensive review of various arteriovenous access monitoring techniques based on non-imaging acoustical properties. | 56421601 |
4,509,957 | Discrepancy between Activation and Postpacing Interval Mapping in Predicting Atrial Tachycardia Foci: What is the Mechanism? A 67-year-old man with a tachycardiainduced cardiomyopathy developed a drugrefractory incessant atrial tachycardia (AT) after cavo-tricuspid isthmus (CTI)-dependent atrial flutter (AFL) ablation and was referred for electrophysiologic study (EPS) and catheter ablation. At the EPS, persistent CTI conduction block was confirmed by bidirectional pacing maneuvers. AT (cycle length = 260 ms) was induced by burst atrial pacing from the coronary sinus (CS). During the AT, the 12-lead electrocardiogram exhibited a negative saw-tooth pattern in the inferior leads, positive P waves in lead V1, and negative P waves in lead V6. Activation mapping along the tricuspid annulus (TA) revealed the earliest atrial activation in the His bundle region and activation going down the free wall of the right atrium (RA). Entrainment pacing from the CTI on the lateral side of the CTI block line and CS ostium revealed that the postpacing interval (PPI) was 290 and 360 ms, respectively (Fig. 1). Entrainment pacing from several electrode pairs of the TA mapping catheter was then additionally performed. It revealed that the shortest PPI ( = TCL + 7 ms) was obtained from the second distal electrode pair of the TA mapping catheter and the PPI became progressively longer as the pacing site became further away from the second distal electrode pair (Fig. 2). However, even the longest PPI obtained by pacing from the TA mapping catheter was still shorter than that from the CS ostium. Where is the substrate of the tachycardia? | 35020401 |
4,509,958 | X-ray diagnostic line ratios for helium-like S XV applicable to tokamak plasmas Recent calculations of electron impact excitation rates for He-like S XV are used to derive the theoretical electron temperature and density sensitive emission line ratios G( = (f + i)/r) and R( = f/i), where f, i and r are the forbidden 1s2 1S-1s2s 3S, intercombination 1s2 1S-1s2p 3P1,2 and resonance 1s2 1S-1s2p 1P transitions, respectively. Our results for R are found to be significantly different from previous calculations, due primarily to the adoption of improved electron impact excitation rates in the present paper. We estimate that the present diagnostics should be accurate to approximately ±15%. | 250776051 |
4,509,959 | Effect of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Helicobacter pylori ‐ Induced IL‐8 Expression in Gastric Epithelial AGS Cells Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) induces gastric ulceration and carcinogenesis by stimulating expression of chemokines including IL‐8. Increased level of IL‐8 was observed in gastric mucosa of patients infected with H. pylori. We previously showed that IL‐8 is regulated by oxidant‐sensitive transcription factor NF‐kappaB. Polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid (LA), alpha‐linolenic acids(ALA), and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA) have shown anti‐inflammatory action in various cells and tissues. Present study aims to investigate whether polyunsaturated fatty acids such as LA, ALA, and DHA inhibit H. pylori–induced IL‐8 expression by suppressing NF‐kappaB in human gastric epithelial AGS cells. H. pylori in a Korean isolate (HP99) was treated to stimulate AGS cells with or without treatment of LA, ALA, DHA, or PA (20, 50, 100μM). H. pylori induced a time‐dependent expression of mRNA and protein for IL‐8 via mediation of NF‐kappaB. Treatment with polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibited the expression of mRNA and protein of IL‐8 in H. pylori‐infected AGS cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Anti‐inflammatory nutrients LA, ALA and DHA may be beneficial for prevention or treatment of gastric inflammation associated with H. pylori infection. | 82680401 |
4,509,960 | Maturation and Aging-Related Differences in Responsiveness of Rat Aorta and Carotid Arteries to α1-Adrenoceptor Stimulation Functional correlates of α1-adrenoceptors were studied in thoracic aorta and carotid arteries from Wistar rats, at maturation (3- and 8-week-old) and aging (17- and 29-week-old) phases, using phenylephrine (PHE) and KCl. PHE and KCl effects on rat aorta did not differ with age. A reduction in maximal contractions to PHE or KCl occurred in carotid arteries during maturation. Concentration-inhibition curves to the alkylating agent chloroethylclonidine or WB4101 suggested at all ages studied a predominance of α1B-adrenoceptors in aorta. However, α1A-adrenoceptors may account for some activity in aortas of 29-week-old rats. In carotid arteries α1D-adrenoceptors account for functional correlates at all ages studied. The results indicate that maturation or aging affects vascular responsiveness or predominant receptor subtype differently in aorta and carotid arteries with intact endothelium. | 46752051 |
4,509,961 | Is the monthly temperature climate of the United States becoming more extreme? A new data set of monthly temperatures, adjusted for detected inhomogeneities, was used to examine whether the monthly temperature climate of the U.S. has become more extreme. During the past two to three decades, there has been a shift toward more frequent very warm months, but less frequent very cold months. Thus, overall the monthly temperature climate has not become more extreme. Midtwentieth century including the 1930s was an earlier period of frequent very warm months, a result of very warm daytime temperatures, while nighttime temperatures were not unusual. Regionally, there is a lack of century‐scale warming in the southeast U.S. annually and in parts of the central U.S. in the summer, characterized by lack of daytime warming while there has been nighttime warming. Compared to the earlier midcentury warm period, recent decades have been more (less) extreme in the summer (winter) in the west while Midwest summers have been less extreme. | 128601251 |
4,509,962 | Advanced techniques for modelling of AS/RS systems in automotive industry using High-level Petri nets Presently, discrete-event dynamic systems represent a significant group of varied systems e.g. computer networks, manufacturing systems, communication systems, database systems etc. An important class of discrete-event systems are automated storage and retrieval systems (AS/RS). There is a big demand for new modelling and control methods of these systems in automotive industry in Slovakia. These systems are equipped by robots and other automation technology. The paper deals with High-level Petri nets applied in modelling of these systems. Main results of the paper include brief description of the method and model of storage system implemented by Coloured Petri nets expressed by different formalisms in two software tools. We also discuss the possible application of the model and modelling method in practice and for system control purposes. | 23067301 |
4,509,963 | A novel single-labeled fluorescent oligonucleotide probe for silver(I) ion detection in water, drugs, and food. Due to the high toxicity of silver(I) ions, a method for the rapid, sensitive, and selective detection for silver(I) ions in water, pharmaceutical products, and food is of great importance. Herein, a novel single-labeled fluorescent oligonucleotide (OND) probe based on cytosine-Ag(I)-cytosine coordination and the inherent fluorescence quenching ability of the G-quadruplex is designed to detect silver(I) ions. The formation of a hairpin structure in the OND-Ag(I) complex brings the hexachloro fluorescein (HEX) labeled at the 5'-end of the OND probe close to the G-quadruplex located at the 3'-end of the OND probe, leading to a fluorescence quenching due to photoinduced electron transfer between HEX and the G-quadruplex. Through this method, silver(I) ions can be detected quantitatively, the linear response range is from 1 to 100 nmol/L with a detection limit of 50 pmol/L, and no obvious interference occurs with other metal ions with a 10-fold concentration. This assay is simple, sensitive, and selective, and it can be used to detect silver(I) ions in actual water, drug, and food samples. | 37821351 |
4,509,964 | Giant asymmetric self-phase modulation in superconductor thin films Self-phase modulation (SPM) of light pulses is found to occur strongly, at low incident intensities, in the coupling of light with superconductors. We develop a theory from a synthesis of the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) equation and basic electrodynamics which shows the strongly non-linear phase accumulated in the interaction. Unusually, the SPM of the pulse in this system is found to be highly asymmetric, producing a strongly redshifted spectrum when interacting with a superconducting thin film, and it develops in just a few nanometers of propagation. In this paper we present theoretical results and simulations in the THz regime, for both hyperbolic secant and supergaussian-shaped pulses. | 67761301 |
4,509,965 | Deepening of the Upper Eyelid Sulcus Caused by 5 Types of Prostaglandin Analogs Purpose:Upper eyelid sulcus deepening has recently been reported as an adverse effect of prostaglandin (PG) eye drop use. However, no data are available regarding the frequency of upper eyelid sulcus deepening caused by different types of PG eye drops. We used 5 types of PG eye drops in Japanese subjects and examined the frequency of appearance of upper eyelid sulcus deepening in these subjects. Patients and Methods:The study included 250 patients (250 eyes) diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Five healthy patients were included as controls. One eye of each patient was treated with one of the following PG eye drops for >3 months: latanoprost, travoprost, tafluprost, bimatoprost, and isopropyl unoprostone. A single-lens reflex camera was used to photograph the open eyelids. Three ophthalmologists independently judged the appearance of the deepened upper eyelid sulcus in the photographs of the 250 patients and 5 controls by comparing the right and left eyes. A subjective self-reported symptom questionnaire was also administered. Results:Upper eyelid sulcus deepening was objectively (photograph) and subjectively (questionnaire) noted in 24.0% and 12.0%, 50.0% and 24.0%, 18.0% and 10.0%, 60.0% and 40.0%, and 8.0% and 10.0% of the patients in the latanoprost, travoprost, tafluprost, bimatoprost, and unoprostone groups, respectively. It occurred more frequently (objectively and subjectively) in the bimatoprost group than in the latanoprost, the tafluprost, and the unoprostone groups (P<0.001). Conclusion:Upper eyelid sulcus deepening frequently occurred with bimatoprost usage, and this effect should be sufficiently elucidated before starting bimatoprost | 5139451 |
4,509,966 | treatment. | 5139451 |
4,509,967 | Disposition of 3-, 7-, and 13-microns microspheres instilled into lungs of dogs. This study examined the lung retention and clearance of particles which differed only in their size. Radiolabeled polystyrene microspheres 3, 7, and 13 microns in real size, were instilled into the lungs of beagle dogs. A fiberoptic bronchoscope was used to distribute a 10-ml saline suspension of the microspheres among lung lobes of 24 dogs. The retention and clearance patterns of the microspheres were observed for 128 days after instillation. Tissue and excreta content of the radiolabel provided the basis for defining the fate of the microspheres or radiolabel dissolved from the microspheres. Approximately 2 to 3% of each size of the microspheres cleared the lung within a few days after the instillation procedure, primarily via the mucociliary escalator. Thereafter, the 3-microns microspheres cleared the lung with a biological retention half-time of 820 +/- 54 days; 7- and 13-microns microspheres were retained with biological retention half-times in excess of several thousand days and too long to be determined in this study. Approximately 1.7% of the instilled burden of 3-microns microspheres translocated to tracheobronchial lymph nodes during this 128-day study. Approximately 0.2% of the 7-microns microspheres and none of the 13-microns microspheres accumulated in tracheobronchial lymph nodes. From these data, it was concluded that microspheres or particles 7 microns or more real diameter may be retained indefinitely in the lungs of dogs after deposition by instillation. Similar results are predicted for humans for large particles deposited in the lung by inhalation. | 8962801 |
4,509,968 | Perceptions of Justice in the Making: Rescaling of Customary Law in Post-Suharto Maluku, Indonesia This article questions how successful neo-traditional law has been in providing access to justice to Kei Islanders of Maluku, Eastern Indonesia during recent political transitions. It describes the prevailing model of justice in which traditional law draws some of its authority from the state but provides its own normative framework for addressing community disputes. After the fall of Suharto's New Order regime, people began to apply neo-traditional law to ethnic and resource conflicts, arguing that it took precedence over state law in these emerging domains. Although the neo-traditionalist revival affirmed the autonomy of traditional legal institutions, actual legal procedures and outcomes depended on the response of state authorities and national publics to newly activated traditional normative frameworks. The politics of legality in post-Suharto Indonesia have produced increasingly state-oriented models of justice, but legal outcomes still determine the choice between different normative frameworks. | 143780301 |
4,509,969 | Correcting general band-to-band misregistrations Methods for estimating band-to-band misregistration are of two main types, cross-covariance or Fourier based. Here a general approach is outlined to optimise the use of either method for correcting complex misregistrations in a quick and straight forward manner. Consideration is given to possible feature matching problems associated with multi-resolution processing, and inherent problems with different types of imaging systems. The algorithm described is a simple divide and conquer system that uses predictions of local translations at continually increasing resolutions to form complex transformations. The method has been applied, and currently used to correct the complex misregistrations present in images captured using the DMSV Mkl camera system built by SpecTerra Systems Pty. Ltd. | 26291251 |
4,509,970 | Genome-Wide Array Analysis of Normal and Malformed Human Hearts Background—We present the first genome-wide cDNA array analysis of human congenitally malformed hearts and attempted to partially elucidate these complex phenotypes. Most congential heart defects, which account for the largest number of birth defects in humans, represent complex genetic disorders. As a consequence of the malformation, abnormal hemodynamic features occur and cause an adaptation process of the heart. Methods and Results—The statistical analysis of our data suggests distinct gene expression profiles associated with tetralogy of Fallot, ventricular septal defect, and right ventricular hypertrophy. Applying correspondence analysis, we could associate specific gene functions to specific phenotypes. Furthermore, our study design allows the suggestion that alterations associated with primary genetic abnormalities can be distinguished from those associated with the adaptive response of the heart to the malformation (right ventricular pressure overload hypertrophy). We provide evidence for the molecular transition of the hypertrophic right ventricle to normal left ventricular characteristics. Furthermore, we present data on chamber-specific gene expression. Conclusions—Our findings propose that array analysis of malformed human hearts opens a new window to understand the complex genetic network of cardiac development and adaptation. For detailed access, see the online-only Data Supplement. | 1154201 |
4,509,971 | Rework and reliability of QFP and BGA lead-free assemblies As the implementation of lead-free assembly gains momentum in the electronics industry, the rework process will inevitably come into the spotlight as process fall-outs are encountered. Lead-free assemblies usually require higher temperatures than those with eutectic tin-lead solder. During the rework process, the components and the PCBs are repeatedly subjected to high temperatures during component removal, redressing, and replacement. The qualification of lead free assemblies would not be complete without an understanding of the performance of reworked components. In this study, lead-free assemblies of QFPs (176 pins) and BGA packages (81 balls) were used as test vehicles for rework trials. QFP176 reworking was carried out manually using hot air soldering equipment and a soldering iron. Investigations were carried out simultaneously by two different groups with different sets of tools, techniques, and skills. Pull-strength tests were carried out to assess reworked solder joints before and after thermal aging for 750 cycles in air with conditions of -40/spl deg/C to 125/spl deg/C. A slight degradation in pull strengths was recorded on reworked parts after temperature cycling, but did not represent a reliability hazard. | 136869201 |
4,509,972 | Single-strand break disappearance in quiescent and phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated human peripheral blood lymphocytes exposed to a single low dose of gamma-radiation. Quiescent and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were irradiated with 4 Gy of gamma-rays and assayed using the alkaline filter elution technique to determine (1) the rate of removal of single-strand breaks (ssb) and (2) the occurrence of excision repair events as indicated by the accumulation of ssb in the presence of the excision repair inhibitor 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (araC). The percentage of ssb disappearance, in the absence of araC, at 5 min after irradiation was significantly higher in PHA-stimulated PBL than in quiescent PBL [40.4 +/- 8.4% (mean +/- SD) and 71.3 +/- 6.8% in quiescent and PHA-stimulated PBL, respectively]. In the presence of araC, both quiescent and PHA-stimulated PBL rapidly accumulated araC-associated ssb, indicating the inhibition of early (base excision) repair processes acting on alkali-stable base damages. Results with PBL from two different donors indicated a significantly higher rate of accumulation of araC-associated ssb in PHA-stimulated PBL than in quiescent cells. In PBL from a third donor no such difference in the rate of accumulation of araC sites was observed. After 1 h repair incubation, the same number of araC-associated ssb was found in the two different cell populations from all three donors. | 41390201 |
4,509,973 | Swabbing of Subcutaneous Tissues with Betadine for Prevention of Surgical Site Infection after Caesarian Section Background: The progressive increase in the incidence of caesarean birth has been a notable feature of contemporary obstetric practice and caesarean delivery is now the most frequent major surgical procedure performed in obstetrics and gynecology. In Egypt the rate of cesarean delivery is 51, 8 % of all deliveries. Infectious morbidity after cesarean delivery can have a tremendous impact on the postpartum woman's return to normal function and her ability to care for her baby. Despite the widespread use of prophylactic antibiotics, postoperative infectious morbidity still complicates cesarean deliveries. Aim of the Work: To assess the efficacy of subcutaneous swabbing of cesarean section wounds with povidone iodine to prevent postoperative wound infection. Patients and Methods: The study population was randomized into 2 groups: Povidone-Iodine Group: Included 275 women who underwent elective caesarian section with subcutaneous tissue irrigation with Povidone iodine 1% solution and control Group: Included 275 women who underwent elective caesarian section without subcutaneous tissue irrigation. Results: Incidence of SSI didn’t differ significantly between the Povidone-Iodine group and the Control group (6.11% vs 8.54%, p = 0.37). No significant differences were found between both groups regarding the severity of SSI based on required treatment or incidence of postoperative pyrexia. Conclusion: There was no benefit of subcutaneous tissue swabbing with povidone iodine in decreasing wound infection following cesarean section. | 150285401 |
4,509,974 | Range-Free Location Estimation Algorithms for Wireless Networks In this paper, we describe a suite of new range-free location estimation algorithms. With these algorithms, a blindfolded node is first located within some probable regions by comparing the measured received signal strength between nodes. Then the location of the blindfolded node is narrowed down by overlapping all the probable regions. Finally the geographic center of the overlapped region is calculated as the location estimate of the blindfolded node. Location estimation accuracy can be further improved when a blindfolded node that has already been located serves as additional reference node to determine the positions of other blindfolded nodes within its communication range. When compared with other range-free algorithms, results show improved location estimation accuracy with similar or less computation complexity. | 20521301 |
4,509,975 | Application of Bathurin and borax in the biological control of Monomorium pharaonis in housing estates. Of two apartment houses infested with ants of the species Monomorium pharaonis, one was treated with a biological, the other with a chemical substance. In the first case we used Bathurin in combination with borax at a concentration of 1.3% for both substances. In the first week, borax was added to the bait (minced beef), within the next three weeks, the bait was mixed with Bathurin. The procedure was repeated 5 times. After this period, we achieved complete control of the ants on the infested premises.--Our results obtained with the chemical substance (the insecticide Anthrix) were less successful. This indicates that the first method, although time-consuming and requiring a perfect collaboration with all inhabitants, is safer, because it leads to the complete eradication of ants in the infested premises. | 46667001 |
4,509,976 | Identifying the Contract Optimality without Knowing Functions : Moral Hazard and Statistic Inference I ( Parametric Identi cation ) The goal of this paper is to develop an approach to identify the contract optimality when moral hazard is the issue. Following the rst order approach, a standard characterization of moral hazard in contract theory, we show a linkage between the rst order condition of optimality and Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB). This linkage thus provides identi cation to the optimality, based on an observed sequence of pairs of wage payment and output, even though the outside econometrician does not know the agents cost function of e¤ort (non-parametric), detail about contract (non-parametric), production function (semi-parametric) or the monetary utility function (parametric), with some qualitative assumptions. Our conclusions not only hold in the i.i.d. data generating process, but also apply to the heterogeneous environment, while in the latter case, we provide an approach to identify the e¤ect of preference heterogeneity and productivity variation. JEL classi cation: D86 D81 C12 | 11895701 |
4,509,977 | An ensemble fault diagnosis method for rotating machinery based on wavelet packet transform and convolutional neural networks Deep learning has made fascinating achievements in fault diagnosis of rotating machinery. However, the individual deep learning models generally have poor performances under variable operating conditions or noise environment. Additionally, they are prone to overfitting when dealing with unbalanced fault data. Therefore, an ensemble method based on wavelet packet transform (WPT) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) is presented for rotating machinery fault diagnosis. First, the raw signals are transformed into multiple wavelet packet coefficients with local information and a reconstructed signal with global information through WPT. Then, these signals are separately fed into the corresponding CNN models for diagnosis. Finally, the diagnosis results of multiple CNNs are combined into a more stable and accurate diagnosis result through the improved weighted voting strategy. The proposed method is applied to the fault diagnosis of the motor bearing and the CNC machine tool spindle bearing. Compared with the other traditional diagnosis methods, the results show that the proposed method achieves a better diagnostic performance. | 249633501 |
4,509,978 | Corporate Go v ernance Engineering of Islamic Banking and Finance The development of Islamic banking indicated dynamic changes and rapid growth. Some countries such United States, United Kingdom, European Union, Canada, Singapore implemented the Islamic financial system. However, economic globalization, laissez-faire, and financial crisis that engulf Indonesia as consequence the lack of bankers commitment to corporate governance, regulation and super vision of the g over nment, b usiness c lima te of banking do not prioritiz e business ethics betw een in vestor s and bank er s. Emer ging de ba te tha t the models of corporate governance developed in western countries can not applicable in Muslim countries, even countries with high levels of corruption. Both models oscillated to find solution in fulfill stakeholders which the principles of morality have been ignored. The Implementation of corporate governance became part of social r esponsibility , v alues , ethics and nor ms m ust be possessed b y Islamic banking due to highly correlated with the organizational readiness and the alignment of mana gement actions to sa tisfy and ser ve stak eholder needs , gi ving an e xclusi ve deals in compliance the justice of mor ality , social w elf ar e, economic and political system, corporate image and accountability in keeping the identity of Islam as a religion. Corporate governance became a value system in Islamic financial institutions which giving same legal protections to all stakeholders, it would have an impact the effectiveness, the sustainability of institutions and generate trust with | 168281851 |
4,509,979 | security sense of the comm unity , financial ef ficienc y, fiscal and monetar y policies resulting in financial equilibrium. | 168281851 |
4,509,980 | Direct observation of a hydrogen-bonded charge-transfer state of 4-dimethylaminobenzonitrile in methanol by time-resolved IR spectroscopy. Anomalies in the fluorescence spectra of dual fluorescence molecules explained? A comparison of the time-resolved I R absorption of the C≡N band of photoexcited 4-dimethylaminobenzonitrile in MeCN and MeOH provides the first direct observation of the formation of a hydrogen-bonded intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT) state in MeOH and its coexistence with a "free" ICT state (see picture). The so-called dual fluorescence will be triple, not dual. | 31163301 |
4,509,981 | Determination of EDTA species in water by second-derivative square-wave voltammetry using a chitosan-coated glassy carbon electrode. Based on the adsorption of Fe(EDTA)- on a chitosan-coated glassy carbon electrode, a second-derivative square-wave voltammetry for the determination of the EDTA species in water samples was investigated. The measuring range of EDTA was from 6.0 x 10(-7) to 5.0 x 10(-5) mol/L with a correlation coefficient of 0.998 and a detection limit of 2.8 x 10(-7) mol/L. The relative standard deviation was less than 6.2% (n = 5) and the recovery was in the range of 98-105% for the determination of practical samples. The result was consistent with that from the HPLC method. | 6131101 |
4,509,982 | Integration of Stochastic Effects and Data Uncertainties into the Design of Process Equipment Stochastic effects and data uncertainties are present in any engineering calculation. Their impact may be particularly important if they concern the design of process equipment. A calculation model for the dynamic behavior of a heat exchanger and procedures to deal with the related uncertainties are presented. Their propagation through the calculation by means of a Monte Carlo approach is shown. The temperature at the heat exchanger outlet and the step response of a sudden variation in the heat exchanger inlet temperature are simulated and evaluated by way of example. It is demonstrated that the inclusion of stochastic effects and uncertainties provides a more reliable basis for design decisions and hence reduces the probability of errors. | 32920351 |
4,509,983 | Properties of All-Cellulose Composite Films from Coconut Shell Powder and Microcrystalline Cellulose All-cellulose composite using coconut shell powders (CSP) as natural lignocellulosic material and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) were prepared by a surface selective dissolution. The effect of CSP content on tensile properties and crystallinity of CSP/MCC all-cellulose composites were investigated. It was found that the addition of CSP have increased the tensile strength and modulus of elasticity up to 3 wt% and decreased with further increment of CSP content. The elongation at break decreased with CSP content. The crystallinity of cellulose composites increased with the increasing of CSP content. | 109266301 |
4,509,984 | Non-contact detection algorithm and realisation of displacement of suspended cylinder Large structures such as TV towers and suspension bridges often contain cylindrical components; the displacements of these suspended cylinders due to external agents are often of interest to ensure the integrity of the structure. This paper establishes an algorithm of the displacement monitoring for the suspended cylinder by non-contact surveying, which offers two main advantages over traditional contact-based methods. First, it does not require prisms to be physically mounted on the measuring target and second, the target consists of any three points on the same circle along the structure, which can be easily implemented. The algorithm is successfully applied in determining the displacement of suspended cylinder in high-rise structures such as a TV tower. | 125587251 |
4,509,985 | Relationship Between the Histological Findings of Spondylolytic Tissue, Instability of the Loose Lamina, and Low Back Pain Study Design. We investigated the histomorphological features of the tissue occupying the spondylolytic defect (spondylolytic tissue), which was similar to ligament, and then graded the complete enthesis structure and the density of the fibrous portion. The relationships between the features, instability of the loose lamina against the affected vertebra, and the severity of low back pain were studied. Objective. To elucidate the histomorphological features of spondylolytic tissue and the associations between the features, instability of the loose lamina, and low back pain. Summary of Background Data. Spondylolysis is thought to be caused primarily by a fatigue fracture and spondylolytic tissue has been recognized as being a fibrocartilaginous mass. Recently, innervation of the spondylolytic tissue was reported to be one of the sources of low back pain. Methods. The spondylolytic tissue from 17 patients who underwent microscopic decompression of the pars defect was observed for histology including hematoxylin and eosin, elastica van Gieson, and immunohistochemical staining for S100 protein. Instability of the loose lamina against the affected vertebra was evaluated by flexion/extension radiographs. Results. The spondylolytic tissue had a ligamentous structure without innervation. The histomorphological findings, instability of the loose lamina, and low back pain had no relationship to one another. Conclusion. Spondylolysis is a pseudarthorosis of the pars interarticularis and the spondylolytic tissue tends to develop noninnervated ligament-like tissue with an enthesis structure. The histomorphological features, instability of the loose lamina, and low back pain have no relationship to | 38910301 |
4,509,986 | one another. | 38910301 |
4,509,987 | Theorizing Dramatization as Research This chapter explores the range of scholarly and practical approaches that situate Dramatization as Research (DAR) at the nexus of intersecting fields within the social sciences and the arts. I first introduce the concept of social catastrophe—the inability of the community to respond to its own trauma— which suggests a need for new types of creative interventions that prompt a change in awareness among those who are implicated in any given human rights abuse. After exploring some of the arts-based interventions that have been used by others, I then turn to discussion of feminist theory (DAR’s primary epistemological lens); Participatory Action Research (PAR) and Practice-Based Research (PBR) (which guide the DAR methodology); and liberation psychology (which forms its primary ontological foundation). Following a brief overview of my research design, I conclude by setting up the chapters to follow. | 193137851 |
4,509,988 | A sulfamethoxazole molecularly imprinted two-dimensional photonic crystal hydrogel sensor. In this paper, a molecularly imprinted two-dimensional photonic crystal hydrogel sensor (SMZ-MIPCH) for the sensitive and label-free recognition of sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) was prepared. The SMZ-MIPCH sensor response performance was investigated via measuring the diameter of the Debye ring (D). When the SMZ-MIPCH sensor recognized SMZ, the diameter of the Debye ring gradually decreased and the particle spacing (d) of the photonic crystals gradually increased. As the SMZ concentration increased from 0 to 10-4 mol L-1, the diameter decreased by 15.2 mm and the corresponding particle spacing increased by 131 nm. As the diffraction peak wavelength of the sensor gradually red-shifted, the color changed from blue to green and finally to orange-red. A good linear relationship was found between the variation of the particle spacing (Δd) and the value of the logarithm of the SMZ concentration (lg c) in the range from 10-16 mol L-1 to 10-10 mol L-1. The limit of detection of the SMZ-MIPCH sensor is 10-16 mol L-1. In the presence of analogues of SMZ, such as sulfisoxazole, sulfadiazine, and sulfamethazine, the diameter changed only slightly, indicating that the SMZ-MIPCH sensor had specific recognition abilities for SMZ. The SMZ-MIPCH sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity, specific recognition, and naked eye detection, and it can be used for the detection of SMZ in water samples. | 233399101 |
4,509,989 | Rhetorical Questions and Exclamations in Slavic Historical Narration of the 11–12 Centuries (“Russian Primary Chronicle”, “Chronica Boemorum”, “Gesta Principum Polonorum”) The paper addresses rhetorical questions and exclamations in East and West Slavic historical narration of 11–12 centuries, showing that in the Russian Primary Chronicle rhetorical questions and exclamations were used to strengthen the assessment of the chronicle fragments for new ideology formation of the Ancient Rus’. The combinations of original and borrowed statements in the rhetorical figures indicate the orientation of the Old Russian chroniclers following the Byzantine pattern to the biblical rhetorical tradition. On the contrary, there are practically no quotations in rhetorical questions and exclamations in the West Slavic chronicles. Thus in the Chronica Bohemorum rhetorical figures are often combined with various expressive means and can relate not only to the content, but also to the form of the narrative, including being inside the phrase and being stable expressions. The same features are true for the Gesta Principum Polonorum, in which rhetorical figures are less often correlated with expressive means, and their expressive component is more clearly manifested. The author comes to the conclusion, that actualization of narrative subjectivity by means of rhetorical questions and exclamations is a common feature of the sources under consideration, that allows better understanding the worldview and tasks of medieval history scribers. | 254353811 |
4,509,990 | A Linear Three-Phase Load Flow for Power Distribution Systems This letter proposes a linear load flow for three-phase power distribution systems. Balanced and unbalanced operation are considered as well as the ZIP models of the loads. The methodology does not require any assumption related to the R/X ratio. Despite its simplicity, it is very accurate compared to the conventional back-forward sweep algorithm. | 28052811 |
4,509,991 | Effects of ruminally protected methionine and / or phenylalanine on performance of high producing Holstein cows fed rations with very high levels of canola meal Canola meal is the second largest protein feed in the Northern latitudes and inclusion levels in dairy rations are expected to increase due to projected large increases in production of canola seed in Canada. However, a recent study (Swanepoel et al., 2014) showed that even though higher inclusions of canola meal (CM) had a positive effect on production when CM directly substituted for high protein corn based dried distillers grains (DDG), that there was an optimum point at 120–135 g/kg of diet dry matter (DM) after which animal performance seemed to decline. Only the amino acids (AA), methionine (Met), phenylalanine (Phe) and leucine (Leu) could have limited production based upon plasma AA concentrations at the highest CM inclusion level. Our objective was to determine if either Met or Phe, or both, was limiting performance of early lactation dairy cows fed a ration containing 180 g/kg of diet DM as CM, by supplementing a calculated target of 7.5 g of intestinally absorbable Phe/cow/day and/or 8.0 g of intestinally absorbable Met/cow/day in ruminally protected (RP) forms to four pens of ∼320 early lactation cows/pen in a 4 × 4 Latin square with 28 days experimental periods. Dry matter intake was not affected (avg.: 27.6 ± 0.4 kg/day) by feeding either of the RP AA, or the combination. Phenylalanine supplementation alone had no effect on milk production or composition, and body condition score (BCS) | 207868361 |
4,509,992 | change compared to Control. Supplemental Met alone modestly increased (P<0.01) milk protein and fat content, while decreasing (P<0.01) milk lactose content and yield, but with no impact on BCS change compared to Control. Combination Met and Phe supplementation decreased milk and lactose yields, as well as lactose content (P<0.01), while increasing milk protein content and the BCS change (P<0.01). Urine volume (avg.: 16.7 ± 0.31 L/day) and flow of microbial protein (MCP) from the rumen (avg.: 2092 ± 52.7 g CP/day) were not affected by any treatment. Plasma Met levels increased (P<0.01) with both Met treatments and plasma tryptophan (Trp) levels decreased (P<0.01) with both Phe treatments. However, plasma Phe levels did not change with any treatment. Results are interpreted to suggest that delivery of Met with RP Met feeding was higher than animal requirements and caused an oversupply of Met. Addition of Phe to the Met supplementation changed the way energy was utilized by the cows, redirecting energy liberated by Met from milk components toward BCS gain. Abbreviations: AA, amino acid; ADF, acid detergent fiber; ADICP, AD insoluble CP; ADIN, acid detergent insoluble N; AL, allantoin; aNDF, amylase-treated NDF; aNDFom, aNDF free of residual ash; BCS, body condition score; BCAA, branched-chain AA; BW, body weight; CM, canola meal; CP, crude protein; CR, creatinine; DC305, DairyComp 305 management system; DDG, dried distillers grains; DHIA, Dairy Herd Improvement Association; DIM, days in milk; DM, dry matter; MCP, microbial CP; NDF, neutral detergent fiber; NEL, net energy for lactation; OM, organic matter; PD, purine derivatives; RDP, rumen degradable | 207868361 |
4,509,993 | CP; RP, rumen protected; SCC, somatic cell count; SG, specific gravity; TMR, total mixed ration; TP, true protein. ∗ Corresponding author at: Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, University of Pretoria, 0001, South Africa. Tel.: +27 79 891 8920. E-mail address: [email protected] (N. Swanepoel). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.04.002 0377-8401/© 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. | 207868361 |
4,509,994 | Geometric Stent Design Mapping of Commercial Coronary Stent in Indonesia This Coronary heart disease (CHD) is still a major health problem due to high morbidity and mortality. Coronary stenting is accepted as an interventional procedure to reduce morbidity and mortality due to CHD. One of the most common complications is restenosis which correlated with geometric properties of stent. Interventional cardiologists have the authority to choose the stent that is best for their patients. This study was to look at the geometric stent design mapping of existing commercial stent in Indonesia, from the perspective of an interventional cardiologist. Geometric stent design was the reason for choosing the stents when the proportion of use in teaching hospitals and nonteaching hospitals was the same and occupied the top 3 most used. There were 4 teaching hospitals and 12 non-teaching hospitals from different cities in Indonesia with the use of stent for a year by 11,813 coronary stents. Absorbable stents, bare metal stents (BMS), and drug eluting stents (DES) were 1.1%, 2.9% and 96%, respectively. The proportion of the number of stents used in teaching hospitals was 51% while that in non-teaching hospitals was 49%. Of the 11,813 stents, 49 commercial stent brand names were obtained with 41 types of geometric stent design produced by 21 manufacturers. Based on the collected data, there were 10 types of geometric stent design which were similar in prevalence between teaching hospitals and non-teaching hospitals, but the frequency of use was small. Meanwhile, the number of stents used in large numbers did not show | 58010911 |
4,509,995 | the same prevalence between the two groups of hospitals. It can be concluded that geometric stent design is not yet the main reason for interventional cardiologists in determining the choice of coronary stents used for patients with coronary heart disease. | 58010911 |
4,509,996 | Accounting for population exposure to vehicle-generated pollutants and environmental equity in the toll design problem ABSTRACT The emissions generated by motor vehicles remain a major source of air pollutants that affect public health and contribute to anthropogenic climate change. These negative externalities can be reduced, in part, with the implementation of environmentally oriented road pricing schemes, which can be designed using optimization-based approaches. In this paper, a toll design problem is proposed for determining toll locations and levels that minimize the expected human exposure to air pollutants and the related environmental inequalities, subject to constraints on pollutant concentration levels and implementation costs. The practical use of the proposed problem is hindered in most real-world applications by the computational costs associated with the evaluation of candidate solutions, as is common for network design problems. Furthermore, the problem cannot be expressed analytically given the multiple types of models (e.g., traffic assignment, emissions, air dispersion models) that would be required to evaluate a single design alternative. For these reasons, a derivative-free surrogate-based solution algorithm is proposed for mixed integer problems like the ones considered here. Numerical examples are used to illustrate possible applications of the proposed model and to test the performance of the surrogate-based algorithm. Relative to a joint simulated annealing-genetic algorithm heuristic and a genetic algorithm-based approach, the proposed algorithm found better solutions in fewer function evaluations. | 157944711 |
4,509,997 | Promoters and Investors In Antebellum America: The Spread of Plank Road Fever Plank road fever struck New York when George Geddes and other promoters greatly exaggerated the durability of the wooden surfacing. Within a few years Americans built hundreds of plank roads across the nation. The episode highlights how promoters diffused investment information in an era with that had few institutions to safeguard against egregious mistakes. The plank road story also gives insight into the motivations of promoters, who worked for rewards other than direct monetary returns. | 108098811 |
4,509,998 | Optimal Partitions in Additively Separable Hedonic Games We conduct a computational analysis of fair and optimal partitions in additively separable hedonic games. We show that, for strict preferences, a Pareto optimal partition can be found in polynomial time while verifying whether a given partition is Pareto optimal is coNP-complete, even when preferences are symmetric and strict. Moreover, computing a partition with maximum egalitarian or utilitarian social welfare or one which is both Pareto optimal and individually rational is NP-hard. We also prove that checking whether there exists a partition which is both Pareto optimal and envy-free is Σ2p-complete. Even though an envy-free partition and a Nash stable partition are both guaranteed to exist for symmetric preferences, checking whether there exists a partition which is both envy-free and Nash stable is NP-complete. | 6136611 |
4,509,999 | High dose therapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation as salvage treatment for HIV-associated lymphoma. 6506 Background: The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), has allowed the evaluation of aggressive therapeutic approaches in HIV-associated lymphoma (HIV-Ly). METHODS We report the results of a multiinstitutional program of high dose therapy (HDT) and autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplantation in HAART responsive pts with HIV-Ly refractory or relapsed after standard dose chemotherapy (CT). Pts with active opportunistic infections (OI) or CNS lymphoma were excluded. RESULTS Twentyfive pts entered the study: 10 HD (five 1st relapse, two 2nd relapse, three refractory) and 15 NHL (eight 1st relapse, one 2nd relapse, two partial remission (PR), four refractory). Median age was 38 (28-56) and CD4 count 207/cmm (17-506). Pts received 2-4 courses of debulking standard dose second-line CT. Five were refractory and died. Adequate PBSC collection was obtained in 17/20 pts (85%) (median CD34+ cells 6.8 x 106/Kg), after cyclophosphamide + G-CSF or G-CSF-supported CT. Two had early disease progression; one is on treatment and 14 received the BEAM regimen and PBSC transplantation with prompt engraftment in all (neutrophils and plt engraftment: 10 (8-10) and 12 days (8-18)). Pts received HAART during the entire program. Treatment-related toxicities (WHO grade 3-4): 3 oral mucositis (3) and 2 hepatic toxicity (3). Infections: 1 Staph. Epidermidis and 1 E. Coli sepsis, 1 Clostridium colitis and 3 FUO. OI: 2 varicella zooster at 3 and 5 mo and 2 esophagus candidosis at 1 and 9 mo. CD4 count decreased after treatment, but | 12853711 |
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