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4,507,300 | Are GMO’s Predictions Prescient? Using Them to Predict Vanguard’s Mutual Fund Returns, October 2010 Each month, GMO publishes on the web its predictions of the real rate of return for various asset styles over the next seven years. Its web library also retains its quarterly predictions, dating back to the end of the second quarter of 2000. I ask whether these predictions are accurate. My technique is to compare the predictions with the performance of the Vanguard mutual funds that invest in these styles. | 153415501 |
4,507,301 | A Recurrent Fuzzy Filter for Adaptive Noise Cancellation This paper presents a recurrent fuzzy-neural filter for adaptive noise cancellation. The cancellation task is transformed to a system-identification problem, which is tackled by use of the dynamic neuron-based fuzzy neural network. Extensive simulation results are given and performance comparison with a series of other dynamic fuzzy and neural models is conducted, underlining the effectiveness of the proposed filter and its superior performance over its competing rivals | 16157901 |
4,507,302 | Book Reviews : Tom Sorell, Scientism: Philosophy and the Infatuation with Science. Routledge, London, 1991. Pp. xi, 206. Cloth, $45 In this book, Tom Sorell criticizes the tendency in western philosophy to overvalue science at the expense of the arts, the humanities, and even philosophy itself. After tracing the roots of scientism from Bacon and Descartes, through to scientific empiricism and recent naturalizing projects in epistemology, ethics, and the philosophy of mind, Sorell explains what he takes to be the correct view: slightly modified Kantianism. Chapters 1 to 3 introduce &dquo;old scientism&dquo; and its antidote. An influential | 145461551 |
4,507,303 | Knowing your genes: does this impact behaviour change? It is postulated that knowledge of genotype may be more powerful than other types of personalised information in terms of motivating behaviour change. However, there is also a danger that disclosure of genetic risk may promote a fatalistic attitude and demotivate individuals. The original concept of personalised nutrition (PN) focused on genotype-based tailored dietary advice; however, PN can also be delivered based on assessment of dietary intake and phenotypic measures. Whilst dietitians currently provide PN advice based on diet and phenotype, genotype-based PN advice is not so readily available. The aim of this review is to examine the evidence for genotype-based personalised information on motivating behaviour change, and factors which may affect the impact of genotype-based personalised advice. Recent findings in PN will also be discussed, with respect to a large European study, Food4Me, which investigated the impact of varying levels of PN advice on motivating behaviour change. The researchers reported that PN advice resulted in greater dietary changes compared with general healthy eating advice, but no additional benefit was observed for PN advice based on phenotype and genotype information. Within Food4Me, work from our group revealed that knowledge of MTHFR genotype did not significantly improve intakes of dietary folate. In general, evidence is weak with regard to genotype-based PN advice. For future work, studies should test the impact of PN advice developed on a strong nutrigenetic evidence base, ensure an appropriate study design for the research question asked, and incorporate behaviour change techniques into the intervention. | 206244651 |
4,507,304 | Blind maximum likelihood sequence detection Maximum a posteriori (MAP) sequence detection for channels with intersymbol interference (ISI) has previously required knowledge of the channel sampled impulse response (SIR). Generally the SIR coefficients are determined via least mean square (LMS) or recursive least squares (RLS) estimation algorithms. For many unguided media channels such as mobile radio and high frequency (HF) radio which exhibit a time-varying SIR, these estimators must be adaptive. Adaptive estimators often fail to track adequately and are a major source of detector deterioration. A novel, blind maximum likelihood sequence detection (BMLSD) formulation without the need for external channel SIR estimation is proposed. A new method for resolving ambiguity in the channel delay is also included. The BMLSD performance is evaluated via simulation. | 28720001 |
4,507,305 | Extending Laser Bending for the Generation of Convex Shapes A summary about the present process understanding of the laser bending technology is given. Three different bending mechanisms are distinguished. Experimental results showing that at certain parameters an instability behaviour can occur are discussed. A bending mechanism is suggested which explains the stability behaviour. It is shown that laser bending can be extended in order to generate convex shapes, which means a bending away from the laser beam. The possibility of bending towards the laser beam or of bending away from the laser beam opens new ranges of applications, two of which are introduced in this paper. | 136420051 |
4,507,306 | Mining Conserved Topological Structures from Large Protein-Protein Interaction Networks * Analysis of Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) networks is of great significance in evolutionary biology. Because of high computation cost, recently multi-PPI network alignment becomes hot topic. In this paper, we proposed conserved topological structures mining based multiPPI network alignment technology. The most challenging problems in conserved topological structure mining are the large size of the real PPI networks and the requirement of inexact alignment of networks. To solve this problem, we develop an algorithm framework: Conserved Substructure Mining (CSMiner) for PPI networks. In the algorithm, we synthesize many techniques to boost the mining procedure, including a novel efficient pattern growth method, an efficient node disjoint subgraph homeomorphism determination algorithm and the integrated strategy of these two algorithms. We also demonstrate the efficiency and effectivity through the experiments on real PPI networks of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae and Drosophila Melanogaster. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60303008 and 60373133; the National Grand Fundamental Research 973 Program of China under Grant No. 2005CB321905 | 11653951 |
4,507,307 | Tracing parallel vectors Feature tracking algorithms usually rely on operators for identifying regions of interest. One of these commonly used operators is to identify parallel vectors introduced by Peikert and Roth.4 In this paper, we propose a new and improved method for finding parallel vectors in 3D vector fields. Our method uses a two-stage approach where in the first stage we extract solution points from 2D faces using Newton-Raphson method, and in the second stage, we use analytical tangents to trace solution lines. The distinct advantage of our method over the previous method lies in the fact that our algorithm does not require a very fine grid to find all the important topological features. As a consequence, the extraction phase does not have to be at the same resolution as the original dataset. More importantly, the feature lines extracted are topologically consistent. We demonstrate the tracing algorithm with results from several datasets. | 6182601 |
4,507,308 | Incidence and risk factors of ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack among people living with HIV: a longitudinal cohort study. People living with HIV (PLWH) have higher ischemic cerebrovascular disease rates than HIV-negative individuals. We aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors of ischemic stroke (IS) and transient ischemic attack (TIA) among Thai PLWH. Data from adults living with HIV who were enrolled in a prospective HIV-NAT 006 cohort in Bangkok, Thailand, from 1996 to 2020 were included in the analysis. The primary endpoint was first-ever IS or TIA. Among 2020 PLWH included in the analysis, 16 (0.8%) developed first-ever IS/TIA over 23579 person-years (incidence: 0.7 per 1000 person-years [95%CI 0.4-1.1]). Median CD4 cell counts before developing IS/TIA was 480 cells/mL and 87.5% were virologically suppressed. In multivariate models, hypertension was the only factor significantly associated with IS/TIA incidence (adjusted subhazard ratio 4.4; 95%CI 1.2-15.6, p=0.02). The incidence of IS/TIA was low among well-suppressed Thai PLWH. Traditional risk factors, particularly hypertension, still play an essential role in developing IS/TIA. | 240154201 |
4,507,309 | Application of business rules approach in clinical trials The paper discusses the use of Unified Modelling Language (UML) for business rules modelling. Different techniques of business rule representation in the models reflecting different aspects of a particular system are briefly described. The paper also demonstrates a method of creating a formal business rule specification from system models based on the use of UML. The representation of business rules in natural language is also shown. The prototype software system realising the proposed method and the results of the experiment are presented. | 17464351 |
4,507,310 | [Therapeutic use of cytokines]. Cytokines represent a growing number of biologically highly active polypeptides, which exert important functions in haematopoiesis and immune response. Cytokines are predominantly released by activated lymphocytes and macrophages. Increasing insight into the role of these factors was accompanied by large scale availability made possible by genetic engineering. Several cytokines represent accepted therapeutical vehicles, others are still under investigation. To date the following indications are established part of therapy: Correction of renal anaemia by erythropoietin as well as interferon for hairy cell leukaemia and chronic myeloid leukaemia. Especially the example of hairy cell leukaemia emphatically demonstrates the potency of cytokines, because a hitherto incurable disease can now be converted into durable remission. Recently neutropenic states have become subject to causal therapy by haematopoietic growth factors. Further cytokines offer promising capacities and will experience clinical testing in the near future. | 29296851 |
4,507,311 | Glucocorticoid-mediated regulation of thymic dendritic cell function. The possible effects of glucocorticoids (GC) on the biology of thymic dendritic cells (DC) have been analyzed. Both DC and GC seem to be involved in intrathymic T cell selection but possible relationships, if any, between them remain currently unknown. For the first time, we have proved the expression of GC receptors in thymic DC. Moreover, our data demonstrate that in vitro dexamethasone (Dex) treatment barely affects the viability of mature thymic DC, which are largely resistant to its apoptotic effect. Dex-treated thymic DC also show a slightly reduced surface expression of some adhesion and co-stimulatory molecules in correlation with diminished allostimulatory properties. Furthermore, the production of both IL-1beta and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, but not that of IL-6 and IL-10, diminished in the mixed leukocyte reaction established with Dex-treated thymic DC. However, the addition of recombinant rat IL-1beta and TNF-alpha, alone or in combination, did not recover the allostimulatory capacity. Taken together, these results support certain GC-mediated regulation of the activity of thymic DC which could be relevant for the biology of the thymus gland. | 16953851 |
4,507,312 | Topical methadone: an alternative for pain control in end-of-life management. Dear Editor: We read with interest the recent letter by Anna Porteous and colleagues about alternative routes for methadone when patients are unable to take oral medications. Injectable methadone is not always available and subcutaneous injections are frequently very painful with the formulation we are able to obtain. Two years ago we cared for a patient with a very short gut syndrome and severe malabsorption as a result of complications from their cancer surgery. The patient had a severe chronic pain syndrome which had been managed with opioid injections for many years. Many alternatives had been tried. In trying to simplify the regime and avoid injections, I inquired at a community compounding pharmacy about the possibility of creating a topical alternative with methadone as the active ingredient. After some research and effort, a local pharmacy compounded a product for us. This was used very successfully in this patient at doses of 50 mg q8h. A second patient had widely metastatic cancer and a great deal of pain from bone metastases and pathological fractures. After using other opioids we settled on oral methadone which was very helpful for her. In the last days of her life she became unable to swallow the medication. Rectal suppositories were not an option as it was so difficult to move her. She found the subcutaneous injections of methadone very painful. We obtained topical methadone gel from the pharmacist and again used it very successfully for the last weeks of her life. | 12905951 |
4,507,313 | The topical dose increased from 7.5 mg q8h to 20 mg q8h over two weeks. We have now used this in several more patients with very good success, and the transition from oral to topical has been easy. It has been well tolerated and effective. We have simply used the oral dose (usually reduced by 30% depending on the circumstances) q8h and prn. Due to the properties of methadone, it must be carefully compounded by an experienced pharmacist. We have used Lipoderm , usually in a concentration of 10 mg/0.2 ml = 5% (methadone powder 2.65 g, ethoxy diglycol 4.20 ml and lipoderm 47 g cream). The range of concentrations has been 2 mg/0.2 ml up to 25 mg /0.2 ml. Pluronic lecithin organogels (PLO) is probably not suitable due to the molecular size. (Lipoderm is a compounding base produced by Professional Compounding Centers of America [PCCA].) The success and ease of use of this alternative warrants further study. In the meantime, necessity is the mother of invention. | 12905951 |
4,507,314 | Maternal and birth attendant hand washing and neonatal mortality in southern Nepal. BACKGROUND More than 95% of neonatal deaths occur in developing countries, approximately 50% at home. Few data are available on the impact of hand-washing practices by birth attendants or caretakers on neonatal mortality. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationship between birth attendant and maternal hand-washing practices and neonatal mortality in rural Nepal. DESIGN Observational prospective cohort study. SETTING Sarlahi District in rural southern Nepal. PARTICIPANTS Newborn infants were originally enrolled in a community-based trial assessing the effect of skin and/or umbilical cord cleansing with chlorhexidine on neonatal mortality in southern Nepal. A total of 23,662 newborns were enrolled and observed through 28 days of life. MAIN EXPOSURES Questionnaires were administered to mothers on days 1 and 14 after delivery to identify care practices and risk factors for mortality and infection. Three hand-washing categories were defined: (1) birth attendant hand washing with soap and water before assisting with delivery, (2) maternal hand washing with soap and water or antiseptic before handling the baby, and (3) combined birth attendant and maternal hand washing. OUTCOME MEASURES Mortality within the neonatal period. RESULTS Birth attendant hand washing was related to a statistically significant lower mortality rate among neonates (adjusted relative risk [RR] = 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66-0.99), as was maternal hand washing (adjusted RR = 0.56; 95% CI, 0.38-0.82). There was a 41% lower mortality rate among neonates exposed to both hand-washing practices (adjusted RR = 0.59; 95% CI, 0.37-0.94). CONCLUSIONS Birth attendant and maternal hand washing | 1739751 |
4,507,315 | with soap and water were associated with significantly lower rates of neonatal mortality. Measures to improve or promote birth attendant and maternal hand washing could improve neonatal survival rates. | 1739751 |
4,507,316 | Taq1a polymorphism (rs1800497) is associated with obesity‐related outcomes and dietary intake in a multi‐ethnic sample of children In adults, the Taq1a polymorphism (rs1800497) near the D2 receptor (DRD2) gene is associated with body mass index and binge eating and is more prevalent among non‐Hispanic Blacks (NHB) and Hispanic–Americans (HA) relative to non‐Hispanic Whites (NHW). We hypothesize Taq1a polymorphism (rs1800497) risk alleles contribute to paediatric racial/ethnic differences in obesity phenotypes. | 52825301 |
4,507,317 | Reply by Authors. why is there a discrepancy between studies? Study population may have a role. Asian populations in the series by Pak and Ohtaka et al may differ from North American populations in the study by Mason et al. Future studies should prospectively evaluate multiethnic and varied disease populations, and evaluate the impact of sarcopenia on subsequent treatment to further understand the relationship between sarcopenia and long-term outcomes. | 189817001 |
4,507,318 | INCIDENCE OF HCV AND SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES AMONG HIV POSITIVE MSM IN ANTWERP, BELGIUM, 2001-2011 Abstract Recurrent Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are an indication of unsafe sexual practices and may be associated with HCV-infection among HIV-positive men who have sex with men. In a retrospective study we analysed the laboratory data of 99 HIV-positive MSM who acquired HCV during the observation period (cases) and 176 HIV-positive MSM who remained HCV negative during the observation period (controls), all followed at the HIV/STI-clinic in Antwerp, Belgium. All laboratory confirmed STI-episodes were recorded since the date of first consultation at our clinic, until the date of HCV-diagnosis of the cases. The HCV incidence varied between 0.24 (2001) and 1.36 (2011) new cases per hundred person-years, with a peak of 2.93 new cases per hundred person-years in 2009. The number of STI-episodes per person-year follow-up was significantly higher for the cases as compared to the controls for syphilis, non-LGV and LGV Chlamydia infections (p < 0.005). When considering the incidence of STIs that occurred 1 year prior to HCV conversion, all laboratory confirmed STIs remained more frequent among cases, but only the difference in syphilis incidence was statistically significant (p < 0.01). Recurrent STIs among HIV positive MSM should be considered as a behavioural and biological risk factor for acquiring HCV and should lead to intensified screening for HCV and counselling of the patient. | 24086151 |
4,507,319 | Efficacy of Zomepirac in Oral Surgical Pain THE activity of a new oral analgesic is initially established in man by comparing various dose levels of the test drug with a placebo and a standard such as aspirin or codeine on a single-dose basis. The selection of an appropriate pain model and the availability of a trained observer are important in achieving adequate assay sensitivity. This paper presents the results of two single-dose analgesic studies of zomepirac in patients with oral surgery pain, a model previously shown to have good assay sensitivity.1’2 The first of these, which compared three dose levels of zomepirac with 650 mg aspirin and a placebo (study A), was the initial analgesic evaluation of zomepirac in man.3 After this study had demonstrated that 50 and 100 mg zomepirac provided greater analgesia than 650 mg aspirin, a second study utilizing similar methodology was done to compare these two dose levels of zomepirac with APC (the equivalent of two tablets), APO plus 60 mg codeine*, and a placebo (study B). In both studies, zomepirac was administered as the sodium salt dihydrate; 100 mg zomepirac is equivalent to 120 mg zomepirac sodium salt dihydrate. | 35898001 |
4,507,320 | Therapy of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia associated with a removable focus of infection. We did a retrospective study of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia--from removable foci of infection--treated with short course antimicrobial therapy. Patients with S. aureus endocarditis were excluded from our study. The majority of patients had sepsis from intravascular devices. After removal of the focus of bacteremia, antibiotics were administered for a mean period of 15.2 days. There were no relapses, and no patient developed endocarditis. A 10- to 21-day antibiotic regimen can be curative in S. aureus bacteremia associated with a removable focus of infection. | 42016251 |
4,507,321 | On the problem of technical measures in the system of measures to ensure information security In theory and in practice, there is a problem of removing uncertainty in the implementation of technical measures due to the unclear right-hand regulation of classification of measures to ensure the security of data automatically processed in information systems. In the article, based on the application of set theory, it is proposed to remove this uncertainty by selecting groups of measures to ensure the security of information. Information protection in the Federal law «on information, information technologies and information protection» is the adoption of legal, organizational and technical measures. However, in practice, in the system of measures to ensure the information security of objects of protection, they are found not only in a «pure» form, but also in a close relationship, interaction with each other (organizational-legal, organizational-technical, technical-legal), and very often can not be implemented independently. | 225791501 |
4,507,322 | Adaptive synchronization of chaos in permanent magnet synchronous motors based on passivity theory An adaptive synchronization control method is proposed for chaotic permanent magnet synchronous motors based on the property of a passive system. We prove that the controller makes the synchronization error system between the driving and the response systems not only passive but also asymptotically stable. The simulation results show that the proposed method is effective and robust against uncertainties in the systemic parameters. | 250804801 |
4,507,323 | Comorbidities in Children with COVID-19 and MIS-C/PIMS-TS and Risk Factors for Hospitalization, Severe Disease, Intensive Care and Death. This narrative review sums up data from the SARS-CoV-2-pandemia on preexisting disease/underlying conditions/comorbidities and risk factors in children for severe COVID-19 and MIS-C/PIMS-TS as well as hospitalization and mortality. Young infants and adolescents are at highest risk of hospital and PICU admission. Two or more comorbidities rather than single entities pose a risk for more severe courses of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. Asthma and malignancy do not increase complication rates. MIS-C/PIMS-TS is not associated with any specific underlying disease. | 246530601 |
4,507,324 | The Preparation and Performance of Reticulate Porous Ceramic for Organism Carrier in Sewage Disposal This work aims preparation cheaper and high performance reticulate porous ceramic (RPC) for organism carrier. The RPC were made from clay by polymeric foam replication process. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) phase analysis indicates that the RPC mainly consist of mullite when sintered at 1350°C. The surface status of different component RPC was observed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The bio-film properties of different component and different pore size RPC were evaluated by the removal rates of CODCr and NH3-N. The results show that the RPC had high effectiveness for microorganisms’ adsorption, the removal rates of CODCr and NH3-N are all reach to 90%, and the bio-film effect is related to porosity, pore size and surface status of the RPC, but the porosity and pore size play more important role than the surface status of these carriers in bio-film process, the RPC carriers with more porosity and suitable pore size achieve better sewage treatment effect. | 109723201 |
4,507,325 | Altruism, Collective Action, and Rationality: The Case of Le Chambon This article uses rational-choice theory to explore the normative implications of a French village's efforts to save Jews from the Nazis between 1941 and 1944. An ethic based on instrumental rationality would evaluate the village's ends as laudable but its means as partially defective. Two conclusions are drawn from this counterintuitive result. First, requiring that action be instrumentally rational may block consideration of "second best" ethical systems that yield superior results in certain circumstances. Second, the claim that consequentialism offers superior ethical guidance does not hold in situations of decisionmaking under uncertainty. | 147403701 |
4,507,326 | Dual-Q Theory Based Optimal Ordering Method for Distribution Network Planning Projects Considering Strong Couplings Based on the dual-Q theory, an optimal ordering methodology for distribution network planning projects (DNPP) is proposed considering the coupling characteristics among the DNPPs. Firstly, the fuzzy relation theory is introduced to analyze the benefit coupling relationship among DNPPs and construct a relationship matrix. Secondly, with the coupling characteristics among the DNPPs considered, and taking the Weingartner optimization selection model as the prototype, the dual-Q theory based optimal ordering model for DNPP is presented. In the proposed optimal ordering model, the objective function is to maximize the reduction of system average interruption duration index (SAIDI), the constraints include budget limits, project periods and other conditions, and the decision variables include the selected projects and their construction period. Finally, simulations on an actual case and comparisons with conventional method are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed dual-Q theory based optimal ordering method. | 56598551 |
4,507,327 | Study of the Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin vs. Unfractionated Heparin as Bridging Therapy in Patients with Embolic Stroke due to Atrial Fibrillation. BACKGROUND Anticoagulation with adjusted dose warfarin is a well-accepted treatment for the prevention of recurrent stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. Meanwhile, using bridging therapy with heparin or heparinoids before warfarin for initiation of anticoagulation is a matter of debate. We compared safety, efficacy, and tolerability of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) and unfractionated heparin (UFH) as a bridging method in patients with recent ischemic stroke due to atrial fibrillation. METHOD This study was a randomized single-blind controlled trial in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to atrial fibrillation who were eligible for receiving warfarin and were randomly treated with 60 milligrams (mg) of LMWH (enoxaparin) subcutaneously every 12 h, or 1000 units/h of continuous intravenous heparin. The primary efficacy endpoints were recurrence of new ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction and/or death. The primary safety endpoint was central nervous system and/or systemic bleeding. RESULTS Seventy-four subjects were recruited. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of two groups were matched. Composite endpoint outcome of new ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and/or death in follow-up period was seen in 10 subjects (27.03%) in UFH group and in four subjects (10.81%) in LMWH group (p value: 0.136). All hemorrhages and symptomatic central nervous system (CNS) hemorrhages in follow-up period were in 7 (18.9%) and 4 (10.8%) patients in UFH group, in 5 (13.5%), and 3 (8.1%) patients in LMWH group (p values: 0.754 and 0.751), respectively. Drop out and | 24459151 |
4,507,328 | major adverse-effects such as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and drug hypersensitivity were not seen in any patient. CONCLUSION Enoxaparin can be a safe and efficient alternative for UFH as bridging therapy. | 24459151 |
4,507,329 | Combined computational quantum chemistry and classical electrodynamics approach for surface enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy. Surface enhanced spectroscopy, which enhances the signal intensity of molecules on a surface, facilitates the study of molecular properties, even down to a single-molecule level if a scanning probe is used. To realize the full potential of surface enhanced spectroscopy, a clear theoretical understanding is indispensable. However, quantum chemical calculations for surface enhanced spectroscopy are not simple because of the violation of the widely used dipole approximation. The spatial structure of electric near-field in the close proximity of a surface strongly depends on the geometry of the metal nanostructure as well as on the incident wavelength. Therefore, in principle, a universal model for electric near-field cannot exist. To address this issue, we have developed a generalized light-matter interaction model from first-principles quantum chemical calculations by using the multipolar Hamiltonian, in which the spatial structure of the electric field is fully considered. Here, we incorporate computational electrodynamics for surface enhanced infrared (IR) absorption spectroscopy in the model, where electric near-field around a Ag ellipsoid is obtained and used for IR calculations. Furthermore, we have devised a method to successfully reproduce the peak selectivity observed experimentally. | 218481851 |
4,507,330 | Me 438 Introduction To Physical Metallurgy INTRODUCTION TO METALLURGY PPT PDF THEBOOKEE NET. BUY INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL METALLURGY BOOK ONLINE AT LOW. ME ME ELECTIVES. MATERIALS ENGINEERING MINOR LT NEW JERSEY INSTITUTE OF. ME 438 INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL METALLURGY. INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL METALLURGY 2 ED FLIPKART COM. INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL METALLURGY SIDNEY H AVNER. PHYSICAL METALLURGY PRINCIPLES AND DESIGN CRC PRESS BOOK. INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL METALLURGY PPT BINQ MINING. B S IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING LT NEW JERSEY INSTITUTE OF. SELECTION OF ELECTIVES ME PROGRAM KFUPM EDU SA. JAMAAL WALKER LINKEDIN. ANTHONY MCWATTERS OFFICE MANAGER SPEECH AMP HEARING. PPT – INTRODUCTION TO METALLURGY POWERPOINT PRESENTATION. PHYSICAL METALLURGY AMAZON COM. INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL METALLURGY BY AVNER SOLUTION PDF. DOWNLOAD METALLURGY KODGIRE FILES TRADOWNLOAD. LECTURE NOTES PHYSICAL METALLURGY MATERIALS SCIENCE. INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL METALLURGY. INTELLIGENT MANUFACTURING INFORMATION SERVICES AMP TECHNOLOGY. INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL METALLURGY EBOOK LECTURE NOTES. ME282 METALLURGY BIRLA VISHWAKARMA MAHAVIDYALAYA. ME 438 INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL METALLURGY CHANELJ12 CO. DOWNLOAD INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL METALLURGY AVNER. COPY OF ME438 1 FALL 13 ME 438 INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL. MATERIAL SCIENCE AND METALLURGY – MECHANICAL ENGINEERING. FACULTY OF ENGINEERING OFFICIAL WEBSITE. AVNER PHYSICAL METALLURGY PDF WORDPRESS COM. FREE DOWNLOAD HERE PDFSDOCUMENTS2 COM. DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ME 487 FALL 2008. BS METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING CURRICULUM FLOWCHART UA MTE. INTRODUCTION OF PHYSICAL METALLURGY BY ANVER. INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL METALLURGY HIGH STRENGTH LOW. PHYSICAL METALLURGY PRINCIPLES AND DESIGN HARDBACK. INTRODUCTION TO WELDING TECHNOLOGY WELDING METALLURGY. ROADMAP TO YOUR GRADUATION 126 HRS TOTAL METALLURGICAL. MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ELECTIVE COURSES MECHANICAL. INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL METALLURGY AVNER PDF | 221949551 |
4,507,331 | GOOGLE DRIVE. ME438 PDF 2 METALLURGY MICROSTRUCTURE SCRIBD COM. FREE DOWNLOAD HERE PDFSDOCUMENTS2 COM. ME301 METALLURGY CREDITS 5 L 3 T 0 P 2. INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL METALLURGY BY AVNER PDF. INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL METALLURGY TRADOWNLOAD ME. PHYSICAL METALLURGY MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING. COURSE ME 438 NUMBER COURSE TITLE COURSE STRUCTURE COURSE. LORENZ SCHMID JUNIOR MECHANICAL ENGINEER SUPPLYNET | 221949551 |
4,507,332 | Newer thrombolytic drugs for acute myocardial infarction. Arterial thrombosis is the underlying cause of a wide variety of cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction, stroke and pulmonary thromboembolism. All the currently used thrombolytic agents are plasminogen activators, which are very efficient in restoring the blood flow. The fibrinolytic system comprises an inactive proenzyme plasminogen, that is converted by plasminogen activators to the enzyme plasmin, that degrades fibrin. Despite the widespread use of established thrombolytic agents such as streptokinase, tissue-plasminogen activator and urokinase, all these agents suffer from a number of inadequacies including resistance to reperfusion, occurrence of acute coronary reocclusion and bleeding complications. The quest continues for thrombolytic agents with a higher potency, specific thrombolytic activity and fibrin selectivity. Several lines of research towards improvement of thrombolytic agents are being explored including the construction of mutants and variants of plasminogen activators, chimeric plasminogen activators and conjugates of plasminogen activators with monoclonal antibodies. Newer molecules such as pro-urokinase, saruplase, alteplase, K1K2Pu and staphylokinase have shown promise in animal models of arterial and venous thrombosis and also in pilot scale clinical studies in patients with myocardial infarction. However, more clinical trials are needed to determine whether these novel recombinant thrombolytic agents shows improved efficacy and fibrin specificity with minimal bleeding tendencies. | 9233351 |
4,507,333 | Unbiased estimation of linewidth roughness Linewidth roughness (LWR) is usually estimated simply as three standard deviations of the linewidth. The effect of image noise upon this metric includes a positive nonrandom component. The metric is therefore subject to a bias or "systematic error" that we have estimated can be comparable in size to the roughness itself for samples as smooth as required by the industry roadmap. We illustrate the problem using scanning electron microscope images of rough lines. We propose simple changes to the measurement algorithm that, if adopted by metrology instrument suppliers, would permit estimation of LWR without bias caused by image noise. | 59023451 |
4,507,334 | Influence of thermal processing on hydrolysis and stability of folate poly-gamma-glutamates in broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica), carrot (Daucus carota) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). The folate poly-gamma-glutamate profile, their concentrations, and hydrolysis by endogenous gamma-glutamyl hydrolase (GGH) were evaluated in broccoli, carrot and tomato. Further studies on the effect of time and temperature on folate poly-gamma-glutamate hydrolysis and stability were carried out in broccoli since this vegetable showed the highest long-chain and total folate poly-gamma-glutamate concentration. The evolution of l-ascorbic acid, total phenols and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) values was evaluated in parallel. Upon thermal inactivation of GGH prior to crushing, it was observed that broccoli, carrot and tomato contained poly-gamma-glutamates with one to seven glutamate residues but differed in the predominant poly-gamma-glutamates. Crushing of raw broccoli, carrot and tomato resulted in significant poly-gamma-glutamate profile changes in broccoli and carrot (indicating GGH-catalyzed hydrolysis) but not in tomato. In this study, the actual crushing of raw broccoli matrix had a greater effect on folate poly-gamma-glutamate hydrolysis than incubation conditions (0-30 min at 25-55 degrees C). During treatments at 25-140 degrees C, folate retention was higher at 80 and 100 degrees C than at the other temperatures. A similar trend in thermal stability was observed for folates, vitamin C, total phenols and TEAC value, an indication that conditions that result in endogenous antioxidants degradation might also result in folate degradation. | 12058251 |
4,507,335 | Linking of Major Rivers in India: Bane or Boon? The editorial on the above subject by the President of the Society is timely and covers all aspects of the problem though some of them need to be examined critically The reactions to the article published in the May issue are also interesting If my memory does not fail me, the late Dr KL Rao, a visionary, did not simply suggest the linking of Ganga and Cauvery but envisaged a water grid like that of the power grid The idea is undoubtedly noble and the implementation requires colossal effort and staggering amounts of money But if it had been taken up and executed, the gains would have been overwhelming Brahmaputra is a source or recurring floods year after year and the people of Assam are put to tremendous agony because of loss of lives and property So too in other parts of the country like U P and Bihar, particularly the northern part of Bihar, is prone to floods more often than the other parts The east coast is prone to floods at times of atmospheric depressions and cyclones The floods that ravaged Onssa have their impact even today Other parts of the country too do suffer from floods but rather uncommonly | 134643851 |
4,507,336 | The medical implications of space tourism. UNLABELLED Commercial space travel may soon be a reality. If so, microgravity, high acceleration, and radiation exposure, all known hazards, will be accessible to the general public. Therefore, space tourism has medical implications. Even though the first flights will feature space exposure times of only a few minutes, the potential may someday exist for exposure times long enough to warrant careful consideration of the potential hazards to the space-faring public. The effects of acceleration and microgravity exposure are well known on the corps of astronauts and cosmonauts. The effects of space radiation are partially known on astronauts, but much remains to be discovered. However, there are problems using astronaut data to make inferences about the general public. Astronauts are not necessarily representative of the general public, since they are highly fit, highly screened individuals. Astronaut data can tell us very little about the potential hazards of microgravity in pediatric, obstetric and geriatric populations, all of whom are potential space tourists. Key issues in standard setting will be determining acceptable limits of pre-existing disease and inferring medical standards from mission profiles. It will not be a trivial task drafting minimal medical standards for commercial space travel. It will require the collaboration of space medicine physicians, making the best guesses possible, based on limited amounts of data, with limited applicability. A helpful departure point may be the USAF Class 3 medical standard, applicable to NASA payload specialists. It is time to begin preliminary discussions toward defining those standards. KEYWORDS acceleration, aerospace medicine, | 36222801 |
4,507,337 | medical standards, microgravity, radiation, space, space tourism, environmental hazards, environmental medicine. | 36222801 |
4,507,338 | Upper Respiratory Tract Endoscopy in the Cat Clinical challenges: Endoscopy of the feline upper respiratory tract has always taken a bit of a back seat to exploration of the canine nose and paranasal sinuses, pharynx and trachea, due to some anatomic limitations and lack of availability of appropriate-sized equipment. Practical relevance: With proper training, however, even the inexperienced endoscopist can find that endoscopy and endoscopic surgery can be of tremendous utility in feline practice. What had previously been largely off-limits sites, in terms of direct visualization and surgical intervention, the feline rhinarium, paranasal sinuses, pharynx and trachea are now anatomic areas that can be effectively visualized in most clinical scenarios. Moreover, endoscopic surgery is now an area gaining significant appreciation for its diagnostic and therapeutic benefits. Audience: This article will not serve as a complete treatise on disease processes of the upper respiratory tract in cats, but rather is intended as a technical and instructional reference point on upper airway endoscopy for veterinary surgeons, both in first opinion as well as referral small animal practice. | 25231351 |
4,507,339 | An epizootic in laboratory guinea pigs due to Trichophyton mentagrophytes. A widespread epizootic due to a granular variety of Trichophyton mentagrophytes occurred in a new stock of laboratory guinea pigs imported to Perth from one of the Eastern States of Australia. The infection spread quickly among these animals, and infection occurred in rabbits and mice at the breeding station and in 4 people. The human infections were contracted either directly through handling animals or indirectly by means of fomites. The strain of T. mentagrophytes causing the epizootic was distinctive from strains previously isolated in Western Australia. | 45355051 |
4,507,340 | Monsoon, Vitamin D, COVID-19 : Implications for India (Letter to the Editor) Background: COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus has caused 11,903 deaths in India as of 17 June 2020. Epidemiological evidence shows that transmission and peaks of infectious diseases are associated with the timing and severity of monsoon, generally peaking towards the end of the monsoon period. Observational studies indicate that vitamin D deficiency might be a risk factor for severity and mortality of COVID-19. This letter reviews the public health consequences in India due to COVID-19 during monsoon, keeping into account emerging evidence of the possible role of vitamin D in COVID-19 severity, lifting of the lockdown and the pressure on the healthcare system due to other infectious diseases during monsoon. Implications: The increased possibility of COVID-19 transmission, potential vitamin D deficiency and the increased pressure on the healthcare systems due to other infectious diseases may lead to an increased mortality rate from COVID-19 in India during monsoon. Establishing the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation/sunlight exposure would be a significant advance in the control of COVID-19 pandemic in India during monsoon. This topic in India needs urgent attention from medical researchers around the world. Additionally, government and healthcare providers need to urgently plan to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on public health by addressing these topics as early as possible. | 225657901 |
4,507,341 | Attracting private sector participation in infrastructure investment: the UK case Infrastructure investments are often considered by governments that are looking for private sector investment in infrastructure. However, private investors tend to have a cautious attitude towards this class of investments. This paper focuses on the UK's financial and regulatory drawbacks to infrastructure investment. The authors conclude that regulatory conditions are key levers for the UK government to attract increased private sector participation. | 153922301 |
4,507,342 | Examining cultural and gender similarities and differences in college students’ value of communication skills in romantic relationships This study assessed and compared the communication skills that native Chinese and native American college students value in the context of romantic relationships. A total of 319 Chinese and 262 American college students responded to questionnaires that assessed the values they placed on six different communication skills. The results showed that the American students valued four of six communication skills more than the Chinese students (i.e. conversational, informative, listening, and narrative skills). The men and women in both cultural groups valued affective communication skills more than instrumental communication skills. In both cultural groups, women placed greater value on affective communication skills than men. The findings also showed a significant mediating effect of gender orientation (masculinity and femininity) on the value placed on communication skills and a significant effect of self-construal, which mediated between nationality and the value assigned to communication skills. | 149763851 |
4,507,343 | An analysis of East Asian currency area: Bayesian dynamic factor model approach There has recently been an increasing interest in the establishment of a common currency area in East Asia in the aftermath of the East Asian financial crisis. In this article I examine the desirability and feasibility of forming a currency area in the region by checking the symmetry of shocks as an important criterion of the theory of Optimum Currency Area. I employ a dynamic factor model to decompose aggregate output into world, regional and country‐specific components and estimate the model using a Gibbs sampling simulation. Persistent properties of those components are examined and variance decomposition analysis is performed to investigate the role of each component in output variance. The European Monetary Union, with the successful launch of the euro, is the natural benchmark for comparison. Based on variance analysis, it is found that East Asian countries, on average, are less plausible candidates for a currency area than European counterparts. However, a subgroup of countries in East Asia is as qualified as those in Europe. Given the ongoing integration in East Asia, it is not premature to prepare for such a currency area in this region. | 154913151 |
4,507,344 | An Ecological Perspective on the Biodiversity of Tropical Island Streams Abstract Ecological processes of insular tropical stream drainages are not well understood. Furthermore, it is not yet clear how the concepts and paradigms derived from studies of continental stream ecosystems in the temperate zone can be effectively applied to understanding and managing tropical island watersheds. The articles in this special section describe important aspects of how tropical stream ecosystems are structured and how these systems function and change over time in response to natural processes and human activities. | 83758251 |
4,507,345 | A Study on Prevalence of Ocular Injuries among Workmen of Welding, Grinding and Polishing, Attending the Out Patient Department and Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Centre BACKGROUND We wanted to estimate the incidence and prevalence of ocular injuries among occupational workers in welding and grinding industry treated in a tertiary care hospital, determine the major types of ocular morbidities in welding and grinding workers and identify the vulnerable age groups suffering from ocular injuries due to welding and grinding. METHODS This hospital based cross-sectional study was carried out among 712 patients having ocular injuries only for occupational workers doing welding, grinding or polishing work. The study period was from 01 / 01 / 2018 to 30 / 06 / 2018. The study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology, Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital. All patients were assessed for demographic distribution, detailed ocular evaluation and a questionnaire related to awareness about the injuries and safety measures taken during the work. RESULTS During the period of study, 712 patients who had ocular injuries due to welding and grinding work were included in the study. The mean age was 33.87 years with a standard deviation (SD) of 9.86. There were no female workers who reported such injuries. Most injuries were corneal foreign body (63.90 %), conjunctival foreign body (2.81 %), conjunctivitis due to fumes (11.94 %), laceration (8.71 %) and keratoconjunctivitis (12.64 %). CONCLUSIONS To complement standard epidemiological research, the narrative accident text offers useful evidence. Staff conducting a welding job or working with local welders should | 233951301 |
4,507,346 | be qualified to recognise possible dangers and appropriate protective equipment should be used to prevent eye injury. KEYWORDS Ocular Injuries, Welding & Grinding Work, Risk Factor for Eye Injuries | 233951301 |
4,507,347 | Soil Arching over Deeply Buried Thermoplastic Pipe Soil arching associated with buried thermoplastic pipe is discussed. First, the soil arching phenomenon is described. Then two different approaches are mentioned from the literature to represent the degree of soil arching (or vertical arching factor). The elastic solutions of Burns and Richard are revisited to derive expressions for the vertical soil arching factor for buried pipe. Comparison of the elastic solutions and field soil pressure cell readings reveals the importance of incorporating a bending stiffness parameter. With this finding, the AASHTO method for calculating the load on buried pipe is evaluated against the elastic solutions. The analysis reveals that the AASHTO method is conservative, overestimating the load on thermoplastic pipe by up to 30%. Further evidence to support the finding is found within the strain gauge readings taken on the pipe walls in the field. Therefore, alternative equations derived directly from the elastic solutions are recommended to predict the load on buried thermoplastic pipe instead of the AASHTO method. | 109915401 |
4,507,348 | Collaborative Online Examinations: Impacts on Interaction, Learning, and Student Satisfaction This paper presents the results of a field experiment on online examinations facilitated by collaboration support systems. In particular, it examines collaborative learning and virtual teams through online examinations as an assessment procedure, compared to traditional examinations. Assessment is increasingly regarded as an important part of the learning process. Applying constructivism and collaborative-learning theories, the collaborative examination process features students' active participation in various phases of the exam process through small group activities online. A 1 times 3 field experiment evaluated the collaborative online exam compared with the traditional in-class exam, and the participatory exam, where students participated in the online exam processes without groups. Data analysis using results from 485 students indicates that collaborative examinations significantly enhance interactions and the sense of an online learning community and result in significantly higher levels of perceived learning | 783801 |
4,507,349 | Word Level Stress and Lexical Processing in 17-Month-Old Infants. Detailed representations enable infants to distinguish words from one another and more easily recognize new words. We examined whether 17-month-old infants encode word stress in their familiar word representations. In Experiment 1, infants were presented with pairs of familiar objects while hearing a target label either properly pronounced with the correct stress (e.g., baby /'beɪbi/) or mis-pronounced with the incorrect stress pattern (e.g., baby /beɪ'bi/). Infants mapped both the correctly stressed and mis-stressed labels to the target objects; however, they were slower to fixate the target when hearing the mis-stressed label. In Experiment 2, we examined whether infants appreciate that stress has a nonproductive role in English (i.e., altering the stress of a word does not typically signal a change in word meaning) by presenting infants with a familiar object paired with a novel object while hearing either correctly stressed or mis-stressed familiar words (Experiment 2). Here, infants mapped the correctly stressed label to the familiar object but did not map the mis-stressed label reliably to either the target or distractor objects. These findings suggest that word stress impacts the processing of familiar words, and infants have burgeoning knowledge that altering the stress pattern of a familiar word does not reliably signal a new referent. | 149545601 |
4,507,350 | The prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy in Dutch hospitals. Background: A major adverse effect of intravascularly administrated iodinated contrast medium is contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). To reduce CIN incidence, two different prevention guidelines have been introduced in the Netherlands. Objective: Our goal was to assess the use of CIN prevention guidelines at the radiology departments in Dutch hospitals. Methods: We conducted a survey in all 90 Dutch hospitals with a radiology department. The questionnaire included questions about guideline execution (e.g. which guideline, (compliance) problems). Results: All responding (67/90) hospitals used a CIN prevention guideline. When asked who was responsible for conducting preventive measures in high-risk patients identified according to either guideline, the referring physician was responsible in 38 hospitals (56.7%); in 23 hospitals (34.3%) there was a specialised CIN outpatient clinic. Renal function was routinely checked after exposure to intravenous iodinated contrast medium in all CIN outpatient clinics (23) and radiology departments (2) when these were responsible for this measurement and in 52.6% (18/38) hospitals when the referring physicians were responsible. When asked if identifying patients at risk caused any problems, 47.8% reported problems. Conclusion: In all responding Dutch hospitals a CIN prevention guideline was used. There was considerable variation in the execution of the guidelines and there were substantial compliance problems. The follow-up procedure was more consistent in hospitals with an outpatient clinic | 28461801 |
4,507,351 | Spatially-localized wavelet-based spectral analysis of preferential concentration in particle-laden turbulence In this study, the wavelet transform is used to address the preferential concentration of inertial particles in one-way coupled, particle-laden incompressible homogeneousisotropic turbulence. The analysis includes a characterization of the spatially-localized spectral structure of turbulence in the vicinity of the particle clouds, along with a spectral analysis of the particle concentration field. The spatial localization of spectral quantities is enabled here by the utilization of wavelets instead of Fourier transforms. | 15643851 |
4,507,352 | Statistical mechanics of a double-stranded rod model for DNA melting and elasticity. The double-helical topology of DNA molecules observed at room temperature in the absence of any external loads can be disrupted by increasing the bath temperature or by applying tensile forces, leading to spontaneous strand separation known as DNA melting. Here, continuum mechanics of a 2D birod is combined with statistical mechanics to formulate a unified framework for studying both thermal melting and tensile force induced melting of double-stranded molecules: it predicts the variation of melting temperature with tensile load, provides a mechanics-based understanding of the cooperativity observed in melting transitions, and reveals an interplay between solution electrostatics and micromechanical deformations of DNA which manifests itself as an increase in the melting temperature with increasing ion concentration. This novel predictive framework sheds light on the micromechanical aspects of DNA melting and predicts trends that were observed experimentally or extracted phenomenologically using the Clayperon equation. | 220891751 |
4,507,353 | Measurement of airflow through a metered dose inhaler during MRI We designed, calibrated and tested a flow meter for use inside an MRI scanner for measuring airflow through a metered dose inhaler (MDI). Several flow measurement methods were analyzed and the differential pressure method was selected utilizing the inhaler as part of the sensor. Our system can measure respiratory flows during use enabling the relationships between flow rate, air flow resistance, inhaler design, and drug deposition to be measured. | 38301151 |
4,507,354 | Sliding mode identification for surface profile estimation The design algorithms of closed loop control system for surface profile measurement device are proposed. Control inputs are used to construct closed loop system, which oriented on identification of desired parameter that is identified by sliding mode observer then. As a result, the designed nonlinear system has high selective properties with respect to registered value. It is shown by computer simulation that proposed system has fast enough response, is quite invariant to additive and parametric disturbances | 33730651 |
4,507,355 | The Government Spending-Revenue Nexus in CEE Countries: Some Evidence for Asymmetric Effects This paper investigates the government spending-revenue nexus for Croatia, Czechia, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Slovenia by using quarterly data and a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) approach to cointegration. Our empirical findings support the fiscal synchronization for Slovenia, spend-tax for Czechia, tax-spend for Croatia and Hungary, and institutional separation or fiscal neutrality for Romania and Poland in the long run. Moreover, we find an asymmetric effect for Croatia, Czechia, Hungary and Poland in the long run and for all the countries in the short run. Therefore, our results clearly highlight the importance of asymmetric effects in government spending-revenue nexus. Our findings have some policy implications for these countries, such as providing a better coordination of government spending and revenue decisions and paying attention to the asymmetries. | 204444601 |
4,507,356 | Ensuring patient safety and scientific credibility in clinical trials. Operating behind the scenes as clinical trials of new treatments progress, data safety and monitoring committees (DSMCs) assure that studies are safe, well run, and will yield a reliable answer when complete. The DSMC should assure subjects and the public, as the trial is underway, that continued use of the investigational treatments either doesn’t cause harm or is so overwhelmingly beneficial that it is unethical to continue randomization to the standard therapy. They are meant to resolve the tension between the study subject, who has volunteered to be involved in an experiment with the assumption that the test will be safely carried to its conclusion, and the investigator, who may be tempted to publish or disseminate the results too early, before they are assured that the results are real and not due to a chance occurrence. | 207042801 |
4,507,357 | Exploiting Modulation Scheme Diversity in Multicarrier Wireless Networks The pursuit of high speed wireless communication is pushing wireless networks toward wider channels. Narrowband interference and frequency- selective fading significantly impact the performance of broadband wireless communication. To cope with the harsh channel conditions, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), which divides a band of spectrum into numerous subcarriers that carry data in parallel, is widely adopted. Because subcarriers experience different channel qualities in a wide band of spectrum, different modulation schemes may be used for different subcarriers. This paper exploits the modulation scheme diversity as rich information to assist data transmission. In this paper, we propose encoding each modulation scheme with a bit pattern that occurs frequently when allocating data bits to subcarriers. If the bits to be allocated on a subcarrier match the bit pattern defined on the subcarrier, the receiver is informed by the transmitter through subcarrier nulling. Because the bit pattern usually consists of more bits than that can be represented by a modulation symbol in low-density modulation schemes, the total transmission time is shortened. Further, detecting a null subcarrier is more reliable than decoding a modulation symbol. Therefore, the known bits represented by the selected bit patterns help improve decoding performance. Through experiments on USRP1 we show that the throughput is increased due to shortened transmission time and reduced bit error rates. | 1076051 |
4,507,358 | Endoplasmic reticulum stress and Oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. The underlying causes of the disease progression in NAFLD are unclear. Recent evidences suggest endoplasmic reticulum stress in the development of lipid droplets (steatosis) and subsequent generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The signalling pathway activated by disruption of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homoeostasis, called as unfolded protein response, is linked with membrane biosynthesis, insulin action, inflammation and apoptosis. ROS are important mediators of inflammation. Protein folding in ER is linked to ROS. Therefore understanding the basic mechanisms that lead to ER stress and ROS in NAFLD have become the topics of immense interest. The present review focuses on the role of ER stress and ROS in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. We also highlight the cross talk between ER stress and oxidative stress which suggest and encourage the development of therapeutics for NAFLD. Further we have reviewed various strategies used for the management of NAFLD/NASH and limitations of such strategies. Our review therefore highlights the need for newer strategies with regards to ER stress and oxidative stress. | 20161651 |
4,507,359 | THE PROBLEMS OF CHINA AS A MAJOR CONSUMER OF ENERGY RESOURCES The high rates of development in China are increasingly indicated the insufficiency of their own energy resources to maintain the positive dynamics of the growth of the national economy. In the absence of structural changes in the Chinese energy industry, exacerbation of the environmental problem is likely to reduce the inflow of foreign direct investment, on which the PRC economy is also mainly dependent. It is justified that with the rapid growth of the Chinese economy, the problems are growing as the obstacle to the further economic development of the country; it is growing the interdependence of the Chinese and world economies, which is a hidden threat to the stability and well-being of the global economy represented by the PRC. | 211744901 |
4,507,360 | Fast local obstacle avoidance under kinematic and dynamic constraints for a mobile robot This paper presents an efficient approach for reactive collision avoidance taking into account both vehicle dynamics and nonholonomic constraints of a mobile robot. Motion commands are generated by searching the space of actuating variables. Vehicle dynamics are considered by restricting the search space to values which are reachable within the next time step. The final selection among admissible configurations is done by an objective function which trades off speed, goal-directedness and remaining distance until an obstacle is hit when moving along the chosen path. The presented approach differs from previous ones in the selective use of precalculated lookup tables. These are the key to efficiency, and they especially allow the use of any-shaped robot contours. Furthermore, obstacle information from different sources can easily be considered without preprocessing. Extensive experiments on different robots have shown robust operation in dynamic and unprepared indoor environments with speed up to 1 m/s. | 44580101 |
4,507,361 | Xanthomonas spp. Specificity of Plant Pathogenic Offer Insight into Host and Tissue Two New Complete Genome Sequences Xanthomonas is a large genus of bacteria that collectively cause disease on more than 300 plant species. The broad host rangeofthegenuscontrastswithstringenthostandtissuespecificityforindividualspeciesandpathovars.Whole-genome sequences of Xanthomonas campestris pv. raphani strain 756C and X. oryzae pv. oryzicola strain BLS256, pathogens that infect the mesophyll tissue of the leading models for plant biology, Arabidopsis thaliana and rice, respectively, were determined and provided insight into the genetic determinants of host and tissue specificity. Comparisons were made with genomes of closely related strains that infect the vascular tissue of the same hosts and across a larger collection of complete Xanthomonas genomes. The results suggest a model in which complex sets of adaptations at the level of gene content account for host specificity and subtler adaptations at the level of amino acid or noncoding regulatory nucleotide sequence determine tissue specificity. | 88057051 |
4,507,362 | Association of nutritional delivery on skeletal muscle wasting and inflammation in critically ill adult patients: a systematic review Skeletal muscle wasting and weakness is the single greatest contributor of persistent functional disability in critical care survivors. (1,2) Nutrition therapy presents a huge potential in addressing ICU-associated skeletal muscle wasting by targeting excess substrate avail-ability and in fl ammation. A deeper understanding of the predictive values of metabolic pro fi le and in fl ammatory phenotype during critical illness will spur a paradigm shift toward individualised treatment. The aim of this review was to systematically examine the association of energy/protein delivery on skeletal muscle mass and in fl ammatory changes in critically ill adult patients. The MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched for interventional and observational studies of nutrition therapy in critically ill patients aged 18 years or older, published in English up until 26 June 2020. Inclusion criteria were measurements of skeletal muscle mass/volume at 2 or more time points and documentation of the nutrition therapy/feeding protocol used during their stay in the intensive care units. The primary outcome was skeletal muscle mass changes, and the secondary outcome was in fl ammatory marker changes. The search yielded 203 results, of which 6 (3 randomised controlled trials and 3 prospective cohort studies) were included in this review. Of the included studies, the population was largely heterogenous with 3 studies taken place in a general ICU, 2 in medical patients, and 1 in head injury patients only. Among the 243 participants in total, the Acute Physiology and Chronic | 233464701 |
4,507,363 | Health Evaluation (APACHE II) on ICU admission varied widely (range 11 – 33), as did participant age (range 19 – 90 years), and sex (59%-100% male). Participants in the included studies experienced a varying degree of reduction in skeletal muscle mass/volume; median loss were 3 – 20% by the fi rst week, 18 – 20% by 10 days, and in subsequent of methodologies to assess in fl in ill fl in | 233464701 |
4,507,364 | Consultation in palliative medicine. Palliative medicine is an emerging medical discipline in the United States, modeled after similar efforts in Great Britain, Australia, and Canada. Increasingly, academic medical centers are starting clinical programs in palliative medicine including inpatient consultation services. A description of the essential components of a palliative medicine consultation is presented, based on the author's experience of more than 600 patient encounters at the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. A palliative medicine consultation consists of 6 features: assessment and management of physical symptoms; assisting patients to identify personal goals for end-of-life care; assessment and management of psychological and spiritual needs; assessment of the patient's support system; assessment and communication of estimated prognosis; and assessment of discharge planning issues. | 6701851 |
4,507,365 | Unitary Evolution and Quantum Fluctuation in SQUID A circular superconductor with a weak-link junction is considered in the presence of a dc voltage bias. Using a time-dependent perturbed method, we obtain a unitary evolution operator of the driven SQUID system. We investigate the step structure of the screening current in the system and show that, due to the Josephson nonlinear term, the flux and charge can exhibit reduced quantum fluctuation behavior. | 123986901 |
4,507,366 | Event-related desynchronization identification using continuous wavelet transform-SINGLE Event-related desynchronization (ERD) and event-related potentials (ERPs) are two commonly observed phenomenons in the ongoing electroencephalogram (EEG) during internal or external triggered sensory, motor and cognitive events. Time-domain averaging is a widely used method to increase the signal-to-noise ratio and to detect some event-related cortical activities such as ERPs. However, this approach has drawbacks, where it's incapable of catching other types of events (e.g., ERD). To overcome this issue, we will consider an alternative approach. In this regard, time-frequency analysis (TFA) of the EEG using the continuous wavelet transform has been extensively used to explore different brain responses including ERPs and ERD. | 247683401 |
4,507,367 | Effect of temperature on growth of guanidine-resistant mutants of poliovirus. Guanidine-resistant (gr) mutants of poliovirus were previously categorized into four groups by electrophoretic properties and peptide maps of nonstructural virus protein 2C. Growth of mutants in the presence of guanidine depends upon temperature of incubation. The four groups of gr variants respond differently to temperature when guanidine is included in the culture medium. The data suggest clustering of gr mutations at several sites in the guanidine locus. | 22648201 |
4,507,368 | Centrally mediated cardiovascular effects of intracisternal application of carbachol in anesthetized rats. The pressor response to the intracisternal (i.c.) injection of carbachol (1 mug) in anesthetized rats was analyzed. This response was significantly reduced by the intravenous (i.v.) injection of guanethidine (5 mg), hexamethonium (10 mg) or phentolamine (5 mg), and conversely, potentiated by i.v. desmethylimipramine (0.3 mg), while propranolol (0.5 mg) i.v. selectively inhibited the enlargement of pulse pressure and the tachycardia following i.c. carbachol (1 mug). On the other hand, the pressor response to i.c. carbachol (1 mug) was almost completely blocked by i.c. atropine (3 mug) or hexamethonium (500 mug), and significantly reduced by i.c. chlorpromazine (50 mug) but significantly potentiated by i.c. desmethylimipramine (30 mug). The pressor response to i.c. carbachol (1 mug) remained unchanged after sectioning of the bilateral cervical vagal nerves but disappeared after sectioning of the spinal cord (C7-C8). From the above result it is suggested that the pressor response to i.c. carbachol ortral and peripheral adrenergic mechanisms, and that the sympathetic trunk is the main pathway. | 37082851 |
4,507,369 | Lest we forget: neuropsychiatry and the new generation anti-HIV drugs. © Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 1996 witnessed an exciting advance in the pharmacological armamentarium available for the treatment of HIV infection. The combination of two or more types of antiretroviral drugs has been shown to be far more effective in the treatment of HIV infection than one single drug [1,2]. Combinations in which a protease inhibitor is included are known as highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). However, it is not known whether any of these new drugs affect the central nervous system (CNS), or play a role in the development of psychiatric symptoms. | 39934751 |
4,507,370 | CE: Epilepsy Update, Part 1 Refining Our Understanding of a Complex Disease OVERVIEWEpilepsy is a serious, common neurologic disease that affects people of all ages. As underscored in the 2012 Institute of Medicine report Epilepsy Across the Spectrum: Promoting Health and Understanding, the millions of people living with epilepsy in the United States face the challenges of seeking out high-quality, coordinated health care and community services; overcoming epilepsy misinformation and stigma; and finding understanding and support in their communities. This article, the first in a two-part series, discusses new research that has increased our understanding of epilepsy's etiology and pathophysiology, new definitions that are changing the ways we evaluate and treat this disease, conditions that frequently present with epilepsy, and psychosocial challenges faced by people with epilepsy. Part 2, which will appear in next month's issue, reviews comprehensive nursing care and evidence-based treatment for epilepsy and presents resources for people with epilepsy and their families. | 34892751 |
4,507,371 | Acute drug transfer and particle release of drug coated balloons within a porcine in-vitro model Abstract Drug coated balloons (DCB) are used in the therapy of coronary as well as peripheral artery disease. The success of drug transfer to the vessel wall depends on the excipient used in combination with paclitaxel as antiproliferative drug. Although in-vivo studies show very good results with this technology, there is a lack of in-vitro test methods for characterization of various DCB available on the market. This study describes a method to gain information about the drug transfer and the particle release of three different DCB based on cetylpyridinium salycate (Cetpyrsal), hyaluronic acid and iopromide within a porcine in-vitro model. The Cetpyrsal-based DCB showed promising results with the highest drug transfer while producing the lowest number of particles. | 139208701 |
4,507,372 | Tuneable model predictive control of a turbocharged diesel engine with dual loop exhaust gas recirculation The air path of a turbocharged diesel engine is a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system with strong nonlinearity, coupling effect, delay and actuator constraints. This makes the design and tuning of the controller complex. In this paper, a tuneable model predictive control (TMPC) controller for a diesel engine’s air path with dual loop exhaust gas recirculation (DLEGR) is presented. The objective is to regulate the intake manifold pressure and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) mass flow in each loop to meet the time-varying setpoints through coordinated control of the variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) and EGR valves. The TMPC controller adopts the design framework of an MPC controller. This controller is also able to provide a map-based switching scheme for the local controller and the controller’s weightings. A comparison between the TMPC controller and a conventional PID controller is conducted on a validated real-time engine model. The simulation results show that the TMPC controller achieves lower overshoot, faster response and a shorter settling time on the manipulated objects. These improvements are beneficial for obtaining lower fuel consumption. In order to test the capability of the TMPC controller, it is validated on a hardware in the loop (HIL) platform. The results show that the agreement between the simulation and the actual ECU’s response is good. | 56847201 |
4,507,373 | The direct agglutination test as an alternative method for the diagnosis of canine and human visceral leishmaniasis. INTRODUCTION Visceral leishmaniasis is the most severe clinical form of leishmaniasis and is often fatal without proper treatment. Therefore, early and accurate diagnosis is important, but often difficult in endemic areas. OBJECTIVE The aim was to evaluate a direct agglutination test as a potential visceral leishmaniasis diagnostic method in endemic areas of Venezuela. MATERIALS AND METHODS The performance of the direct agglutination test, based on freeze-dried Leishmania donovani antigen was evaluated under laboratory conditions using serum samples of humans and dogs from several Venezuelan visceral leishmaniasis endemic areas: Nueva Esparta (Margarita Island), Lara, Anzoátegui and Trujillo Status. The study included confirmed visceral leishmaniasis patients (n=30), visceral leishmaniasis suspected subjects (n=4), healthy controls (n=19) and patients with other confirmed diseases (n=20). In addition, 24 serum samples from dogs with confirmed visceral leishmaniasis and 18 healthy control dogs were tested. RESULTS All serum samples of visceral leishmaniasis patients, either active or recovered, were positive. They showed anti-L. donovani titers above 1:1600. Three out of four suspected visceral leishmaniasis cases were also positive, while serum samples from endemic controls and patients with other diseases had titers lower than 1:800. A sensitivity of 100% was obtained for all threshold levels under consideration and 100% specificity at the threshold titer of 1:800 (95% confidence interval: 91-100%). A 93% sensitivity (95% confidence interval: 76-99%) was observed in dog samples, with 100% specificity (95% confidence interval: 79-100%) at the threshold titer of 1:200. CONCLUSION The direct | 775251 |
4,507,374 | agglutination test seems suitable for use in epidemiological studies and for serological diagnosis of human visceral leishmaniasis and canine visceral leishmaniasis. | 775251 |
4,507,375 | Urinary Mass Screening for Child Health in Japan: FOREWORD A program of urine screening for asymptomatic hematuria and proteinuria in school children has been conducted in Japan since 1973 by the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture with great success in the early detection of renal diseases. In Japan, the idea of urine screening in pediatrics and child health has recently extended not only to the detection of asymptomatic diabetes mellitus in school children but also to the detection of neuroblastoma in infancy. Suitable urine screening methods are now available for more than five chronic diseases and many more will follow. | 73384351 |
4,507,376 | The management of urinary incontinence. Urinary incontinence is defined as the involuntary loss of urine which is a social or hygienic problem and is objectively demonstrable. It is common in the general population and not all patients will report the presence of the problem because of, among other things, embarrassment. Assessment is important and should be multi-disciplinary. It includes a history, physical examination and some simple tests. A bladder chart kept by the patient aids assessment. Most patients can then be categorized and further testing planned. These tests are usually invasive and include urodynamic tests and electromyographic studies. With their conclusion treatment can be instituted, such as bladder training, drugs and various aids and appliances. | 42754351 |
4,507,377 | ProFit: two‐dimensional prior‐knowledge fitting of J‐resolved spectra A two‐dimensional fitting procedure is introduced, capable of extracting the full amount of information from 2D J‐resolved magnetic resonance spectroscopic data. The fitting procedure uses a linear combination of 2D model spectra. For reducing the degrees of freedom and increasing robustness, it is divided into a non‐linear outer loop and an inner linear least‐squares fit for the concentrations. In vitro and in vivo experiments on a whole‐body 3 T MR scanner show the detectability of a wide range of metabolites in the human brain, namely total creatine, N‐acetylaspartate, N‐acetylaspartylglutamate, choline‐containing compounds, glutamate, myo‐inositol, glutathione, scyllo‐inositol, γ‐aminobutyric acid, alanine and ascorbic acid. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. | 22509751 |
4,507,378 | The Advisory Role of Foreign Directors in U.S. Firms We study the role of foreign directors in U.S. firms. We conclude that foreign directors, especially those from countries that are dissimilar to the U.S. in terms of business environment (i.e., dissimilar directors), are chosen by multinational corporations (MNCs) to provide advice, and this advice is valuable. We measure director dissimilarity along the dimensions of legal regime, language, trust, and religion. Our conclusion is supported by two findings. (i) Firms with operations in countries that are dissimilar to the U.S. in terms of business environment are more likely to choose dissimilar directors. (ii) The average announcement period return to the appointment of foreign directors is significantly positive, and is due to appointments by MNCs, and within MNCs, to dissimilar directors. Analysis using Tobin’s q leads to similar inferences. | 167199101 |
4,507,379 | Diagnostic Test to Assess Misconceptions on Photosynthesis and Plant Respiration: Is It Valid and Reliable? High percentage of secondary school students was found that they were lack of understanding of the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration in plants. They did not fully understand the importance and function about plant respiration. Thus, this study designed to develop a valid and reliable instrument in two- tier multiple choice questions format which called Photosynthesis and Plant Respiration Diagnostic Test (PRDT) to assess the common types of misconceptions related to this topic among form four students (Grade 10) in Malaysia. Survey research method was applied in this study. There were 500 participants from 15 secondary schools were involved. 45 minutes were given to the participants in answering 18 two- tier diagnostic test items. The psychometric properties of the instrument had been tested using Rasch analysis. The result found that the newly developed instrument was valid and reliable. It brought the significant contribution in teaching and learning, especially classroom assessment practice in Biology subject. | 237836301 |
4,507,380 | Pulmonary carbonic anhydrase IV: developmental regulation and cell-specific expression in the capillary endothelium. To investigate the pulmonary expression of membrane-associated carbonic anhydrase (CA IV), the full-length rat lung CA IV cDNA was isolated and characterized. The 1,205-bp cDNA was found to encode a 309-amino acid protein, including a 27-amino acid hydrophobic COOH-terminal extension, presumably cleaved prior to transfer of the protein to its glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol membrane anchor. The tissue-specific pattern of CA IV gene expression was found to be distinct from that of other CAs, with highest expression in lung, colon, kidney, brain, and heart. Pulmonary CA IV expression was found to be developmentally regulated, with a marked postnatal increase in mRNA content and immunoreactive protein concentration. CA IV localized by immunohistochemistry to the luminal side of the alveolar capillary endothelium, but was absent from endothelium of larger pulmonary vessels. Selective expression of CA IV in the alveolar capillaries provides evidence for specialized differentiation of this endothelial cell subpopulation and places CA IV in a strategic location to participate in carbon dioxide exchange and local pH regulation. | 32566101 |
4,507,381 | The Role of Virus Infection in Deregulating the Cytokine Response to Secondary Bacterial Infection. Proinflammatory cytokines are produced by macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) after infection to stimulate T helper (Th) cells, linking innate and adaptive immunity. Virus infections can deregulate the proinflammatory cytokine response like tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin (IL)-2, making the host more susceptible to secondary bacterial infections. Studies using various viruses such as lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, influenza A virus, and human immunodeficiency virus have revealed several intriguing mechanisms that account for the increased susceptibility to several prevalent bacterial infections. In particular, type I interferons induced during a virus infection have been observed to play a role in suppressing the production of some key antibacterial proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-23 and IL-17. Other suppressive mechanisms as a result of cytokine deregulation by viral infections include reduced function of immune cells such as DC, macrophage, natural killer, CD4(+), and CD8(+) T cells leading to impaired clearance of secondary bacterial infections. In this study, we highlight some of the immune mechanisms that become deregulated by viral infections, and can thus become defective during secondary bacterial infections. | 253351 |
4,507,382 | Short Faults in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine with Variable Flux Hybrid Rotor The permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM)with variable flux hybrid rotor(VFHR) is a hot topic in reliability-critical application like aeronautical servo/drive systems. It is of great benefits to deepen the working mechanism of the permanent magnet synchronous machine with variable flux hybrid rotor for its anti-short capacity by analyzing the transient electromagnetic performance of interturn short faults in PMSM with VFHR. In this paper, the structure of PMSM with VFHR is adopted for analyzing the electromagnetic performance, the interturn short fault in PMSM with VFHR is modelled and transient magnetic analysis of no-load interturn short fault in PMSM with VFHR is carried out based on the model proposed in section II. The demagnetizing field of the interturn short fault is analyzed by comparing the electromagnetic performance before and after the interturn short fault occurs. | 208882501 |
4,507,383 | Dependency Management in Web Services Composition Dependencies among the tasks performed by web services affect how the web services are composed. We propose an approach to managing dependencies among tasks in order to support web services composition. We define BT-DML, a markup language to express dependencies. We describe a prototype system called web services manager (WSM) that implements this language to support various tasks in web services composition. | 5790551 |
4,507,384 | The psychological effects of chronic exposure to white spirit in rubber industry workers. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of chronic occupational exposure to white spirit on the efficiency of workers' intellectual and psychomotor functions. The exposed group consisted of 226 rubber industry workers while the control group comprised 102 hosiery plant workers. The analysis of results was aimed at the determination of exposure effects depending on the duration of exposure and age of persons examined. It has been revealed that chronic exposure to white spirit, at a concentration close to the hygienic standard, induces the deterioration of some intellectual and psychomotor functions in the exposed persons, depending on the duration of exposure and age of the exposed subjects. Among the variables presented in the study, several individual functions including: perception and reproduction of visual material; projection of spatial relationships; concentration; time of simple and choice reaction; speed and coordination of hand movements were found the most effective in contrasting the exposed group from the control. | 34880461 |
4,507,385 | HEALTH SAVING OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN AS A GLOBAL PROBLEM ON A NATIONAL SCALE The article considers the problem of health saving in the context of national importance. The health of children of early and preschool age is of particular concern and interest to us, as during this period the necessary skills and habits are formed, including those related to the formation of a health culture. The task of teachers is to form a posi tive attitude towards healthy living, as well as to prevent harmful and pathological habits. | 252813411 |
4,507,386 | FEATURES OF THE USE OF THE WORD CLOUD IN THE LINGUISTIC AND LITERARY FIELD OF PRIMARY EDUCATION The study reveals the possibilities of using the word cloud in the linguistic and literary field of primary education. The authors consider the possibility of using a cloud of words to visualize important educational information on the Ukrainian language and emphasize the semantic categories, the main idea, the features of the images of the work of art in the lessons of literary reading in primary school. The aim of the study is to substantiate the importance of using the word cloud as a didactic tool in the language and literature of primary education, to develop methodological support for reading activities of primary school students by intensifying their work with visualized keywords in the weighted list. The study implemented the following tasks: analyzed scientific sources on the problem of using the word cloud in education; the possibilities of using the word cloud in work with junior schoolchildren in Ukrainian language and reading lessons are characterized. The authors suggest using the word cloud from the standpoint of didactic heuristics, in particular for conducting a heuristic conversation, presenting the results of a school project, as a means of identifying the lesson topic, as visual material for associations, as accentuation of key words to explain new material. The article characterizes the didactic tool “cloud of words”, proves its effectiveness in the development of speech of primary school children, in particular in compiling descriptions, stories, arguments, as well as in editing their own tests. | 245324761 |
4,507,387 | Visualization of language material, as well as images and the main idea of the work of art with the help of a cloud of words helps to establish associative connections, create a problem situation in the classroom, activate critical thinking and creativity of students. Reproduction of keywords in the form of a weighted list on a symbolic image on a certain topic contributes to the success of solving educational tasks, activates the cognitive activity of junior high school students, promotes the easy acquisition of knowledge. | 245324761 |
4,507,388 | Long-term follow-up study of ulcerative colitis in Japan. To clarify the long-term prognosis of Japanese patients with ulcerative colitis, we investigated the cumulative colectomy rate and the survival rate, and compared the results with reports from Western countries. The subjects were 778 patients who had visited 8 hospitals from 1973 to 1990. A total of 114 of the 778 patients (14.7%) had required colectomy and 21 (2.7%) had died. These rates were higher in the patients who had total colitis, and in those who had acute fulminant type of severe type. There were no significant differences in these rates according to age of onset (under 29 years, 30-49 years, and more than 50 years). The cumulative colectomy rate increased rapidly within 2 years after onset. Thereafter, the rate increased gradually, by 1%-2% per year. In patients with total colitis, 14.1% required colectomy within 2 years. The age at onset had no effect on this rate. The cumulative survival rate decreased gradually throughout the first 10 years, the rate being 96.2% in the 10th year. No deaths occurred in the 11-18th years after onset. Despite our inclusion of more patients with total or severe colitis, our results were similar to or slightly superior to those reported from Western countries; this may be attributed to a temporal bias. | 31202811 |
4,507,389 | Faculty behavior: appraisal and rewards. Faculty A & R systems arrange contingencies of reinforcement (relationships between faculty performance and institutional rewards) which powerfully influence faculty behavior. By and large, the current contingencies influencing teaching performance are defectiive. A frequent result is mediocre instruction and ready diversion of faculty effort to activities controlled by better contingencies. The major obstacles to productive appraisal and reward of teaching are the criterion problem and the inability or reluctance to arrange potent A & R contigencies to influence faculty behavior. Recent developments in behavioral science and instructional technology promise significant help in overcoming both obstacles. An example has been provided. Virtues and difficulties in the proposed procedure have been discussed. | 25398411 |
4,507,390 | Phenomenology in need of treatment: commentary for the special series "Narcissistic personality disorder--new perspectives on diagnosis and treatment". Comments on the articles by A. E. Skodol et al. (see record 2013-24395-001), E. Ronningstam (see record 2014-42878-005), D. Diamond et al. (see record 2014-42878-004), and A. L. Pincus et al. (see record 2014-01439-001). Good delineation of the phenomenology of narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) is necessary but insufficient for informing us on what to do clinically. Perry suspects that we will see reams of publications comparing Section III and II diagnoses with various external measures and possibly experimental procedures. We will learn some important things, along with many facts without actionable consequences. However, because NPD does not show many differential relationships to particular functional measures, I believe that treatment studies will likely be the most informative. | 45812211 |
4,507,391 | The Effects of Legitimacy and Power on Perceptions of Fairness This research explicates a theoretical argument describing how structurally disadvantaged actors might come to view their outcomes as fair. Drawing from legitimacy theory and theories of distributive justice, I derive a hypothesis predicting that external, social forms of legitimacy will be positively related to perceptions of fairness of earned profits. I report the results from two experiments that isolate and test the theoretical argument. The first study illustrates that structurally advantaged actors report higher levels of fairness of their outcomes than disadvantaged actors and that the difference disappears when the structure that produces the outcomes is legitimate. The second study illustrates that the results are robust across operationalizations of legitimacy. | 154266211 |
4,507,392 | Strong angular dependent transmission ratio due to interplay between spin waves and the domain wall in perpendicular magnetic anisotropy materials Spin waves (SW) can induce rich domain wall (DW) motion in a perpendicular-magnetic anisotropy nanostrip. In-plane magnetization tilt angle resulting from the fluctuation of the effective field of the magnetization response in the DW region plays an essential role in the dynamics of SW interacting with a DW. We performed simulation and found that the transmission ratio of the propagating SW across the DW depends strongly on the tilt angle in the low-frequency regime. The material parameters and the geometrical configuration can be fine-tuned for practical devices. | 119454261 |
4,507,393 | OP27 Engaging Patients: The EuroCAB Programme Introduction When developing a health technology that requires clinical studies, developers institute working relations with clinical investigators. In certain diseases areas, patients' representatives create their own advisory boards, which proved their utility in the early 90s, in particular for the development of products to treat HIV infection. Inspired by this model, where patients with a same disease join and meet with relevant developers and discuss all aspects of the research, the European Organisation for Rare Diseases (EURORDIS) proposes a new programme of such Community Advisory Boards for Rare Diseases (CAB). Methods For this programme, EURORDIS invites developers to sign a Charter of principles when engaging with patients, and provides guidelines on CABs, together with a mentoring programme for patients’ networks that are less experienced with the development and the evaluation of health technologies. CABs are driven by patients who set their agenda, who sign a Memorandum of Understanding with each developer, and who organise the sessions. Sessions typically last for two to four days during which different meetings with different developers can take place, or trainings. All meetings can take place under confidentiality arrangements, and minutes are written to keep track and to follow-up with all points discussed. Participants and agendas are made public Results As of 2018, four CABs exist and operate (for tuberous sclerosis complex, for scleroderma, for cystic fibrosis, for Duchenne muscular dystrophy) and 18 others are in discussion with many due to start in 2019. Topics discussed cover the target population, the study feasibility, the endpoints | 213330511 |
4,507,394 | including patient reported outcomes, the comparator choice and/or the acceptance of a placebo controlled trial, the quality of life, the practical aspects of the trials, and the identification of previously unknown or unmet patient needs/preferences. For products which are more advanced in their life-cycle, discussions can also cover compassionate use, pricing policy, relative efficacy etc. Conclusions This represents a well-structured programme for the engagement of patients, where collective thinking and exchange between different patients ensure high quality dialogue with developers and can inform HTA also. | 213330511 |
4,507,395 | Health-related interventions for youth living with perinatally-acquired HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review of the evidence Abstract In sub-Saharan Africa, nearly 90% of youth living with HIV acquired it from their mothers, but evidence lacks for health-related interventions for this population. We describe health-related interventions for youth living with perinatally acquired HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) statement guided this review. We searched in PubMed, CINAHL, ProQuest, PsychINFO, Science Direct, Embase, and Scopus databases for peer-reviewed articles addressing health-related interventions for youth living with perinatally acquired HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. Of the 4,139 articles, 11 met the inclusion criteria. We identified eight interventions targeting HIV prevention and care, ART adherence, disclosure, behavioral health, cognitive and academic function, sexual, reproductive, psychosocial, and physical health. Most of the interventions targeted psychosocial health. No intervention was holistic. Findings were diverse regarding intervention effectiveness. Providers need to devise interventions that combine behavioral, biomedical, and structural services to meet this population's complex health care needs. | 233621811 |
4,507,396 | Resolving the Challenges of Imaging Steeply-Dipping Reservoirs Against a Complex Salt Diapir Summary The Mungo field in the North Sea is both structurally and stratigraphically complex - salt diapirism has resulted in large dips on the Palaeocene and Cretaceous reservoirs that drape the flanks of the salt intrusion. To improve the imaging, two adjacent ocean bottom surveys were conducted between 2010 and 2011. Despite improvements over the legacy towed streamer data, interpretational challenges, particularly with respect to the salt geometry, remained. Overcoming these challenges was crucial for field development. To achieve the required improvement in imaging within the project's short timeframe, a high degree of technical content had to be adopted to provide early access to a consistent, demultipled dataset that would be used to update the velocity model. Key challenges were the highly channelized nature of the near-surface, the poor ties of the highly deviated wells to the existing seismic data, contamination of the target interval by interbed multiples and poor salt flank imaging. These objectives were achieved by employing a robust pre-processing sequence, including up-down deconvolution, along with an iterative approach to the velocity model build, utilising GWI, FWI, high-density tomography and anisotropic information derived from the PS data. | 198422011 |
4,507,397 | Who Will Control the Future of Indian Gaming? 'A Few Pages of History are Worth a Volume of Logic' This Article attempts to place the current controversy concerning reservation gaming into perspective by viewing it not solely as a 1990s battle over casinos in Indian Country, but as the latest round in a much longer and larger struggle among the federal, state and tribal governments over the States’ role in governing Native American groups within state borders. The Article argues that federal-state relations on non-Indian issues often shape federal Indian policy more than a thoughtful consideration of the proper balance between state economic and tribal autonomy issues. What may begin as a dispute about tribal-state relations on a particular matter, often becomes part of a larger ongoing debate between the federal and state governments, with the larger debate dictating the outcome of the particular tribal-state controversy.Part II of this Article provides examples of the recurrence of this pattern over the past 300 years and the varying influences of different aspects of the pattern. Part III then illustrates that the reservation gaming controversy has followed the first steps of the pattern, and analyzes both the course the controversy will follow and the key factors that will determine its outcome if the pattern continues to apply. | 153393411 |
4,507,398 | Improved Data Security in Cloud Environment for Test Automation Framework and Access Control for Industry 4.0 In analyzing project regressions, automation has emerged as a major agenda in managing changes in software which requires minimum manual intervention. For rapid testing environment, software development processes such as Agile, Scrum, and XP processes depend on continuous integration tools. There is no single tool to handle the project automation, and the main challenge is dependency on multiple tools. The proposed automation tool should support configuration, execution, and debugging facility. Integrating the project automation works such as software configuration management tools Mercurial and Git, job scheduling tools like Jenkins and Apache Continuum, test management tools like TestNG and Selenium need tight integration which is a challenge. The existing PKI infrastructure for access control does not share data among the software tools and processes increasing the complexity when an organization needs to leverage the existing cloud services. The proposed approach optimizes the execution time by taking single CSV with input test case and metadata information and efficiently group and executes the tests automatically. The proposed method includes implementation of security access control mechanism for the jobs execution platform in cloud environment. | 249079711 |
4,507,399 | Machine Learning Techniques for Predicting the Energy Consumption/Production and Its Uncertainties Driven by Meteorological Observations and Forecasts Reliable predictions of the energy consumption and production is important information for the management and integration of renewable energy sources. Several different Machine Learning (ML) methodologies have been tested for predicting the energy consumption/production based on the information of hydro-meteorological data. The methods analysed include Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) and various Quantile Regression (QR) models like Quantile Random Forest (QRF) and Gradient Boosting Machines (GBM). Additionally, a Nonhomogeneous Gaussian Regression (NGR) approach has been tested for combining and calibrating monthly ML based forecasts driven by ensemble weather forecasts. The novelty and main focus of this study is the comparison of the capability of ML methods for producing reliable predictive uncertainties and the application of monthly weather forecasts. Different skill scores have been used to verify the predictions and their uncertainties and first results for combining the ML methods applying the NGR approach and coupling the predictions with monthly ensemble weather forecasts are shown for the southern Switzerland (Canton of Ticino). These results highlight the possibilities of improvements using ML methods and the importance of optimally combining different ML methods for achieving more accurate estimates of future energy consumptions and productions with sharper prediction uncertainty estimates (i.e., narrower prediction intervals). | 197813361 |
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