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123441b0_guage__How_to_Speak_Vegetarian__Examples | It (nonhuman animals are sexless things) She, he, they, he or she (NHAs have sexual characteristics, just like humans) [Examples] | When an animal is ill, take it to a veterinarian. When a nonhuman animal is ill, take them/her or him to a veterinarian. | [] | World Vegetarian Congress, 2004 - Animal-Friendly Language: How to Speak Vegetarian | Examples | http://www.ivu.org/congress/2004/lectures/Jacobs.html | 8/1438042988511.77_20150728002308-00107-ip-10-236-191-2_518119343_6.json |
123441b0_guage__How_to_Speak_Vegetarian__Examples | Which (which is used for NHAs, plants, and objects) Who (who is used with sentient beings) [Examples] | The monkeys which live near the temple are a gregarious lot. The monkeys who live near the temple are a gregarious lot. | [] | World Vegetarian Congress, 2004 - Animal-Friendly Language: How to Speak Vegetarian | Examples | http://www.ivu.org/congress/2004/lectures/Jacobs.html | 8/1438042988511.77_20150728002308-00107-ip-10-236-191-2_518119343_6.json |
123441b0_guage__How_to_Speak_Vegetarian__Examples | Animals, dumb animals, lower animals (separates humans from other animals and other animals from each other in a prejudicial or hierarchical way) Nonhuman animals, other animals, fellow animals, nonhuman persons (links humans and other animals as one group of sentient beings) [Examples] | Vegetarianism is better for human health and the health of animals. Vegetarianism is better for human health and the health of our fellow animals. | [] | World Vegetarian Congress, 2004 - Animal-Friendly Language: How to Speak Vegetarian | Examples | http://www.ivu.org/congress/2004/lectures/Jacobs.html | 8/1438042988511.77_20150728002308-00107-ip-10-236-191-2_518119343_6.json |
123441b0_guage__How_to_Speak_Vegetarian__Examples | Animal instinct (suggests that useful behaviors of NHAs are not the result of intelligence) Instinct, intelligence (stresses that some similarities exist between human mental capacity and that of other animals) [Examples] | The clever behaviors of the crow are based on animal instinct. The clever behaviors of the crow are based on intelligence. | [] | World Vegetarian Congress, 2004 - Animal-Friendly Language: How to Speak Vegetarian | Examples | http://www.ivu.org/congress/2004/lectures/Jacobs.html | 8/1438042988511.77_20150728002308-00107-ip-10-236-191-2_518119343_6.json |
123441b0_guage__How_to_Speak_Vegetarian__Examples | Higher animals (implies that some animals are superior to others and have superior claim to rights) Mammals, vertebrates (a physiological classification, not a value judgment) [Examples] | Gorillas are one of the higher animals which eat a vegetarian or largely vegetarian diet. Gorillas are one of the vertebrates who eat a vegetarian or largely vegetarian diet. | [] | World Vegetarian Congress, 2004 - Animal-Friendly Language: How to Speak Vegetarian | Examples | http://www.ivu.org/congress/2004/lectures/Jacobs.html | 8/1438042988511.77_20150728002308-00107-ip-10-236-191-2_518119343_6.json |
123441b0_guage__How_to_Speak_Vegetarian__Examples | Inhumane (implies that humans are the only typically kind animal and that cruelty is normal for other animals) Cruel (doesn�t accord humans special status) [Examples] | Factory farm owners are inhumane to keep animals in cages so small that they can�t even turn around. Factory farm owners are cruel to keep animals in cages so small that they can�t even turn around. | [] | World Vegetarian Congress, 2004 - Animal-Friendly Language: How to Speak Vegetarian | Examples | http://www.ivu.org/congress/2004/lectures/Jacobs.html | 8/1438042988511.77_20150728002308-00107-ip-10-236-191-2_518119343_6.json |
123441b0_guage__How_to_Speak_Vegetarian__Examples | Sire, gestation, feed on (separate terms for NHAs) Father, pregnancy, eat (same terms for humans and NHAs) [Examples] | Whether the mother is a Great Dane, or a tiny Chihuahua, the gestation period is the same, approximately nine weeks. Whether the mother is a Great Dane, or a tiny Chihuahua, the pregnancy period is the same, approximately nine weeks. | [] | World Vegetarian Congress, 2004 - Animal-Friendly Language: How to Speak Vegetarian | Examples | http://www.ivu.org/congress/2004/lectures/Jacobs.html | 8/1438042988511.77_20150728002308-00107-ip-10-236-191-2_518119343_6.json |
123441b0_guage__How_to_Speak_Vegetarian__Examples | Aquarium animal, zoo animal� (don�t call aquariums and zoos what they really are) Aquaprison inmate, zoo inmate (call aquariums and zoos what they really are) [Examples] | One of the zoo animals, an orangutan, just gave birth. Will the baby be returned to the wild? One of the zoo inmates, an orangutan name Myrtle, just gave birth. Will the baby be returned to the wild? | [] | World Vegetarian Congress, 2004 - Animal-Friendly Language: How to Speak Vegetarian | Examples | http://www.ivu.org/congress/2004/lectures/Jacobs.html | 8/1438042988511.77_20150728002308-00107-ip-10-236-191-2_518119343_6.json |
123441b0_guage__How_to_Speak_Vegetarian__Examples | Euthanize, put down (euphemisms; soft words for hard deeds) Kill, murder (reflects what too often happens when NHAs are used in research) [Examples] | After the experiment, the researchers euthanized the chimp, because it was in a great deal of pain, pain that the experimenters had caused. After the experiment, the researchers killed the chimp, because she was in a great deal of pain, pain that the experimenters had caused. | [] | World Vegetarian Congress, 2004 - Animal-Friendly Language: How to Speak Vegetarian | Examples | http://www.ivu.org/congress/2004/lectures/Jacobs.html | 8/1438042988511.77_20150728002308-00107-ip-10-236-191-2_518119343_6.json |
123441b0_guage__How_to_Speak_Vegetarian__Examples | Abattoir, meat-packing plant, processing plant (conceals the facility�s main purpose from an NHA perspective) Slaughterhouse (from an NHA perspective, clearly names what the facility does) [Examples] | The broilers were taken to the meat-packing plant for processing. The Tyson employees took the captive chickens to the slaughterhouse. | [] | World Vegetarian Congress, 2004 - Animal-Friendly Language: How to Speak Vegetarian | Examples | http://www.ivu.org/congress/2004/lectures/Jacobs.html | 8/1438042988511.77_20150728002308-00107-ip-10-236-191-2_518119343_6.json |
123441b0_guage__How_to_Speak_Vegetarian__Examples | beef, pork, giblets, foie gras, veal (disguises the food�s origins) Cow flesh, pig flesh, bird organs, goose or duck liver, calf flesh (candid, out-in-the-open name) [Examples] | Tender white veal lightly breaded and pan fried, served with a romaine onion salad and foie gras. Tender white calf flesh lightly breaded and pan fried, served with a romaine onion salad and goose liver. | [] | World Vegetarian Congress, 2004 - Animal-Friendly Language: How to Speak Vegetarian | Examples | http://www.ivu.org/congress/2004/lectures/Jacobs.html | 8/1438042988511.77_20150728002308-00107-ip-10-236-191-2_518119343_6.json |
123441b0_guage__How_to_Speak_Vegetarian__Examples | Hedging when attributing emotions and thought to NHAs (implies NHAs don�t have emotions and thoughts) [Examples] | The pigs appeared to be scared, and they seemed to be thinking of a way to escape. The pigs were scared, and they were thinking of a way to escape. | [] | World Vegetarian Congress, 2004 - Animal-Friendly Language: How to Speak Vegetarian | Examples | http://www.ivu.org/congress/2004/lectures/Jacobs.html | 8/1438042988511.77_20150728002308-00107-ip-10-236-191-2_518119343_6.json |
123441b0_guage__How_to_Speak_Vegetarian__Examples | Quotation marks when emotions and thoughts of NHAs are discussed (implies that NHAs don�t have thoughts and emotions) No quotation marks when emotions and thoughts of NHAs are discussed (acknowledges that NHAs have thoughts and emotions) [Examples] | The pigs were �scared� and �thinking of� a way to escape. The pigs were scared and were thinking of a way to escape. | [] | World Vegetarian Congress, 2004 - Animal-Friendly Language: How to Speak Vegetarian | Examples | http://www.ivu.org/congress/2004/lectures/Jacobs.html | 8/1438042988511.77_20150728002308-00107-ip-10-236-191-2_518119343_6.json |
123441b0_guage__How_to_Speak_Vegetarian__Examples | Passive voice to refer to what humans do to NHAs (hides who is responsible) Active voice to refer to what humans do to NHAs (names those responsible) [Examples] | The new-born male chicks were disposed of. The supervisor instructed the staff to kill the new-born male chicks, because males don�t lay eggs. | [] | World Vegetarian Congress, 2004 - Animal-Friendly Language: How to Speak Vegetarian | Examples | http://www.ivu.org/congress/2004/lectures/Jacobs.html | 8/1438042988511.77_20150728002308-00107-ip-10-236-191-2_518119343_6.json |
123441b0_guage__How_to_Speak_Vegetarian__Examples | Referring to NHAs by the place they are held captive (treats NHAs as commodities) Referring to NHAs themselves (suggests NHAs as beings) [Examples] | The pig farm fouls the air for miles around. The tightly-crowded, imprisoned pigs create so much waste that the air is fouled for miles around. | [] | World Vegetarian Congress, 2004 - Animal-Friendly Language: How to Speak Vegetarian | Examples | http://www.ivu.org/congress/2004/lectures/Jacobs.html | 8/1438042988511.77_20150728002308-00107-ip-10-236-191-2_518119343_6.json |
123441b0_guage__How_to_Speak_Vegetarian__Examples | Almost always placing NHAs after humans in a sentence (implies that NHAs are secondary, lesser) Sometimes placing NHAs before humans in a sentence (implies equality) [Examples] | One person and 185 sheep were killed in the flood. One hundred eighty-five sheep and one human were killed in the flood. | [] | World Vegetarian Congress, 2004 - Animal-Friendly Language: How to Speak Vegetarian | Examples | http://www.ivu.org/congress/2004/lectures/Jacobs.html | 8/1438042988511.77_20150728002308-00107-ip-10-236-191-2_518119343_6.json |
123441b0_guage__How_to_Speak_Vegetarian__Examples | Theoretical, general, abstract discussion of NHAs (makes it less likely that readers/listeners will identify with NHAs) Personalized, specific, concrete discussion of NHAs (encourages readers/listeners to identify with NHAs) [Examples] | Pigs have committed no crime, yet they face life imprisonment on factory farms. Alice was born on Giant Agribusiness Farm in Pittsfield, Iowa. Her cell is 6�x2� with a steel floor and steel bars. | [] | World Vegetarian Congress, 2004 - Animal-Friendly Language: How to Speak Vegetarian | Examples | http://www.ivu.org/congress/2004/lectures/Jacobs.html | 8/1438042988511.77_20150728002308-00107-ip-10-236-191-2_518119343_6.json |
123441b0_guage__How_to_Speak_Vegetarian__Examples | Idioms that trivialize violence against NHAs (make violence against NHAs seem acceptable) Non-speciesist idioms (promote language use that promotes respect for all animals) [Examples] | Always remember that �there�s more than one way to skin a cat.� Always remember that �there�s more than one way to eat a mango.� | [] | World Vegetarian Congress, 2004 - Animal-Friendly Language: How to Speak Vegetarian | Examples | http://www.ivu.org/congress/2004/lectures/Jacobs.html | 8/1438042988511.77_20150728002308-00107-ip-10-236-191-2_518119343_6.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] are [Part of Speech] verb [Example] | We are tired. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] our [Part of Speech] adjective [Example] | That is our dog. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] hour [Part of Speech] noun [Example] | It is almost lunch hour. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] bye [Part of Speech] noun [Example] | She did play however, she got a bye into the next round. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] buy [Part of Speech] verb [Example] | I went to the store to buy a loaf of bread. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] by [Part of Speech] prepostion [Example] | The boat sat by the lake. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] capital [Part of Speech] noun [Example] | He was angry and wrote the email in all capital letters. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] capitol [Part of Speech] noun [Example] | Mr. Smith went to the capitol. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] census [Part of Speech] noun [Example] | According to the more recent census Rachel is not as popular of name for girls as it once was. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] senses [Part of Speech] noun [Example] | Despite the two beers, his senses were quite clear. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] cheap [Part of Speech] adjective [Example] | The food was cheap and salty. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] cheep [Part of Speech] noun [Example] | The bird at my window had been cheeping all night. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] cite [Part of Speech] verb [Example] | He could cite Shakespeare appropriately for any occasion. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] site [Part of Speech] noun [Example] | He believed in showing up to the job site early. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] sight [Part of Speech] noun [Example] | At the sight of another ship, the pirates grabbed their swords. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] genes [Part of Speech] noun [Example] | She claimed her running ability came from her parents genes. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] jeans [Part of Speech] noun [Example] | My grandmother still complains about the kids with the baggy jeans. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] its [Part of Speech] adjective [Example] | Everything on my desk is in its place. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] it's [Part of Speech] contraction for "it is" [Example] | It's been a long time since that cowboy showed his face around here. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] intense [Part of Speech] adjective [Example] | After many years of intense training he was able to snatch the stone from the master's hand. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] intents [Part of Speech] noun [Example] | Who really knows what the director's intent was? | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] know [Part of Speech] noun [Example] | I know all about fly fishing. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] no [Part of Speech] adverb [Example] | No cake for me, thanks. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] presents [Part of Speech] noun [Example] | At Christmas time the children open all their presents. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] presence [Part of Speech] noun [Example] | The karate teacher had a knowing presence about him. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] to [Part of Speech] prepostion [Example] | We went to the barbershop. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] too [Part of Speech] adverb [Example] | This coffee is too hot! | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] two [Part of Speech] noun [Example] | I have two dollars. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] there [Part of Speech] adverb [Example] | Sit over there by the table. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] their [Part of Speech] adjective [Example] | It's their court and their rules. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] they're [Part of Speech] contraction for "they are" [Example] | They're boarding the plane now. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] weather [Part of Speech] noun [Example] | The weather is lovely this time of year. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] whether [Part of Speech] conjunction [Example] | I couldn't tell whether this ship was sea worthy. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] wither [Part of Speech] verb [Example] | Their love, like the plants without water, withered. | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] who's [Part of Speech] contraction for "who is" [Example] | Who's she fighting for? | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
08753d28_Homophone_Check__Example | [Word] whose [Part of Speech] adjective [Example] | Whose flower is this? | [] | Homophone Check | Example | http://www.homophonecheck.com/ | 8/1438042986022.41_20150728002306-00090-ip-10-236-191-2_503312251_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Antelope [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Chop [MEANING OR STORY:] | There are many similarities between the Antelope Kachina (Chop or Sowi-ing) and the Deer Kachina, they can be differentiated by the deer's antlers or the antelope's horns. The Antelope Kachinas dance is a prayer for more rain and for more Antelope. When he appears, he is often accompanied by the Mountain Sheep Kachina, and the Wolf Kachina. The motions that the Antelope Kachina does when he dances are: bending forward at the waist and resting the front part of the body upon the stick that he usually carries. The sticks represent the front legs of an actual antelope. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Apache [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Yoche [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Yoche or Apache Kachina is mainly seen during the Kiva Dances. In the dances, the Apache Kachina portrays an Apache at war or heading for war. The color of this Kachina is not always the same, they tend to where different colors in dances, and are painted different colors in Kachina dolls. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Badger [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Hototo [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Hototo or Badger Kachina can be seen in all Mesas on the Hopi Reservation. Mainly he is seen during the Bean and Mixed Kachina Dances at First and Second Mesa. He has many roles including guard, gift bearer, and warrior. The part he usually plays is to gather wood for the Kiva fires. He is named after the sound that the Kachina utters. Hototo can also be known as the Honan or Badger Kachina, depending on the village. Hototo plays many different roles in the Hopi culture and is an important part, as animals are teachers, advisors, and doctors to the Hopi people. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Bear [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Hon [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Bear or Hon Kachina is a great legendary warrior. He possesses strength that is so great, that it is believed that he could cure the sick. There are a number of different kinds of Bear Kachinas. They are distinguished by color, such as Blue, White, Yellow, and Black Bear Kachinas. The bear dances as a watchman or side dancer during the Soyal Dance on First Mesa, and he sings while dancing outside the lines during the Mixed Dance. His most distinctive feature is the presence of a bear footprint on both cheeks. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Blue Whipper [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Sakwa Hu [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Sakwa Hu or Blue Whipper Kachina is considered an old Kachina although it is usually impersonated by small boys. Its main functions are that of a guard at certain ceremonies mainly in Third Mesa! He is a whipper so he also punishes clowns, children, and people when they misbehave! | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Broad Faced [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Wuyak-kuita [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Broad-Faced or Wuyak-kuita Kachina is a guard Kachina. In every ceremony, he helps the other guards prevent any transgression on the path of the Kachinas. He is not a guard in the Powamu Ceremony on First Mesa. He accompanies the Soyoko and helps her in all her activities. The Broad Face carries yucca whips and moves in an intimidating manner. He is the one who moves toward the clowns and terrifies them. On Third Mesa, He is the Kachina who guards the kivas to keep He Wuhti from getting too close during the Palolokong Ceremony. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Buffalo [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Mosairu [MEANING OR STORY:] | The appearance of the Buffalo Kachina (Mosairu) is similar to the Buffalo Dancer with one exception: the Buffalo Kachina wears a mask. The mask has globular eyes and a snout. He usually dances in the Plaza Dance with the Mixed Dancers. They perform using the rattle and the lightning stick, and along with the other game animal Kachinas, they pray for an increase of buffaloes. In the past, most of the Buffalo Kachinas were made with green masks, but nowadays they are commonly found with black and white ones. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Buffalo Maiden (Woman) [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Mosairu Mana [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Buffalo Maiden (Woman) or Mosairu Mana appears with Mosairu (Buffalo Kachina). She prays for more Buffaloes along with Mosairu. Like most maidens, the Buffaloe maiden also asks for rain. I t carries the sun on its back, which represents her presence in summer dances. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Butterfly [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Poli Taka [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Poli Taka or Butterfly is an impersonating Kachina. Insects and reptiles are an important part of Hopi traditions. The Poli Taka is usually played or portrayed by a male in the Butterfly Social Dance. The doll is usually unmasked, but wears a tablet. Orginally the Kachina did not have wings, but over time the wings wear added onto the doll to increase its popularity. Like most Kachina's the Poli Taka or butterfly functions to bring rain and crops to the earth. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Chief [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Eototo [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Eototo or Chief Kachina is the spiritual counterpart of the village chief and therefore, he is known as the "father" of all Kachinas. He knows all of the ceremonies and appears each year on all three mesas. Usually, he arrives with his companion or lieutenant, Aholi, and then, they would begin the ceremony. They begin by blessing each village and marking it, so that the clouds of rain will come. Eototo would lead Aholi out of the Chief Kiva and then, he would draw cornmeal symbols of clouds on the ground. At each blessing, Eototo is given prayer feathers, and in return, the kiva chief takes some of the corn sprout that he carries. These actions symbolize the gift of water to the villages and its crops. His appearance is characteristic of many of the older Kachinas due to its simplicity. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Chief's Lieutenant [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Aholi [MEANING OR STORY:] | Aholi or Kachina Chief's Lieutenant is the companion of Eototo, and he helps him bring moisture to the villages. Unlike Eototo's appearance on all three mesas during the ceremonies, Aholi only appears on the Third Mesa. The Aholi Kachina is a beautiful doll that usually appears with a tall blue helmet and a colorful cloak that consist the likeness of Muyingwa, the Germ God. He wears a cloak that consists of colors that represents the flowers and the essence of summer. After Eototo blesses the village, Aholi places his staff on the cornmeal symbol of clouds that Eototo drew, and waves his staff in an all encompassing fashion while giving a long call: ?Ah-holiiiii!!?. As lieutenant, his actions always reinforce Eototo's actions during the ceremonies. Aholi and Eototo always come as a pair. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Chili Pepper [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Tsil [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Tsil or Chili Pepper Kachina is a runner. He would race or chase people depending on the event, and then put red pepper powder or a whole entire pepper in their mouths once he caught them (or beat them in a race). Usually, he is seen carrying yucca whips in one hand and a red pepper in the other. Red peppers can also be seen on the top of the Tsil?s helmet. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Clown [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Koshari [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Clown or Koshari has many names, which give some information about his origin. Koshari is the most commonly used name for the clown. The Koshari can be found in many different pueblos. He can be considered to be the father of Kachinas. These clowns are both sacred and profane to the people. Their actions are both humiliating and funny. Carvers usually add their own styles into the making of the clown, depending on what they see as funny or humiliating. Carving the clown gives the carver the opportunity to carve a piece of their personality into the doll. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Clown [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Kaisale [MEANING OR STORY:] | Kaisale is an interesting clown with many colorful stripes on his body. His actions are similar to the Tsuku, Hopi clown, but his acts are more outrageous. For example, he would eat a watermelon by putting his face in it. This act is a favorite among the audience. With this clown and others the artist has an opportunity to put his own sense of humor and style into making the doll. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Cold-Bringing Woman [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Horo or Yohozro Wuhti [MEANING OR STORY:] | Horo is originally a Tewa Kachina. Some people call it Horo, but it is more commonly known as Yohozro Wuhti, the Cold-Bringing Woman. Her purpose is as her name goes, to bring the cold or the whiteness of winter to the Hopi. She is mostly seen during Powamu on First Mesa. Horo is seen carrying a comb, which she uses to mess up people?s hair when she appears with Nuvak?china. Horo is dressed in mainly white clothing to represent the white seen in winter. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Comanche [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Komanshi [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Komanshi or Comanche Kachina is originally not Hopi, but was converted to a Hopi Kachina. It represents a neighboring tribe of the Hopi's, which is the Comanche Tribe. Komanshi and many other now Kachinas are used to represent the people of different tribes. These Kachinas are usually seen as social dance figures when they participate in dances. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Corn Dancer [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Ka-e [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Ka-e or Corn Dancer is probably the most popular of all the kachinas. They appear in the Kiva Dances, Plaza Dances and Mixed Dances. He represents a prayer for the fruition and growth of corn. His costume is similar to the designs of the eastern pueblos with distinguishable horizontally crossed feathers on the crown. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Corn Planter [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Koroasta [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Koroasta or Corn Planter Kachina is a Rio Grande Keresan Kachina where he is known as Akorosta. He appears during dances carring a stick (used for planting) and seeds! He influences the growth of corn and is usually seen carrying corn kernels in his sack! | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Cow [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Wakas [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Cow or Wakas Kachina is a recent addition into the Hopi roster of kachinas. It started around the turn of the century, and it was introduced by a Hano man on First Mesa. Its name derived from the Spanish name for cows: ?vaca?. During the dance, villagers would take a feather from him to put into their houses and corrals so that it could increase their stock of cattle. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Crazy Rattle [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Tuskiapaya [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Tuskiapaya or Crazy Rattle Kachina is a runner. Tuskiapaya can be seen carrying yucca sticks, which he uses to whip any one who loses a race. To the winner, the Tuskiapaya gives him piki bread as a reward. This kachina appears mainly during spring dances to run with the men of the villages. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Cricket [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Susopa [MEANING OR STORY:] | Although the Susopa or Cricket is a runner kachina, some villagers say that is a kiva dancer. They say that he appears in the Kiva Dance at night. He is one of the few kachinas that are known to dance empty handed. The Cricket Kachina usually appears with a black bandolier, cricket antennas, and he wears a kilt made of plaid shoulder blanket. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Crow [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Angwusi [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Angwusi or Crow Kachina is usually seen teaming up with the Lizard Kachinas and the Owl Kachinas during the Soyohim Ceremany. Their main function is to keep the clowns in line. He would join the other kachinas in chastising the actions of the clown until the clowns got too far. Then, he would punish them with the whips he carries. All animals are an important part of the Hopi culture, they are believed to provide guidance, health, and protection. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Crow Mother [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Angwusnasomtaka [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Crow Mother or Angwusnasomtaka Kachina is considered by many Hopis to be the "mother" of all Kachinas. She is a figure of great dignity. She appears during the Powamu Dance on all three mesas, during the initiation ceremony for the children. As each child is brought in for the ceremony, the Crow Mother supervises the initiation in the kiva.. She would supply a whip to the Hu Kachinas who would then, gives each child four healthy strokes. The children are then rewarded with a prayer feather and a meal before leaving the kiva. Kachina dolls of Crow Mother were plenty twenty years ago but are not as commonly made today. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Cumulus Cloud [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Tukwinong [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Tukwinong or Cumulus Cloud Kachina represents the prayer for rain. It is a prayer for heavy rain that would nourish the fields. His helmet represents the white clouds, and the feathers covering his face represent rainfall. The mask behind the feathers is usually white with black rectangular eyes. His three, semi circle shapes on his head lies parallel from front to back. But this appearance is different on First Mesa. On First Mesa, he appears without feathers covering his face. The Tukwinong always carries a jug of water and is always barefoot. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Cumulus Cloud Girl [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Tukwinong Mana [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Cumulus Cloud Girl or Tukwinong Mana is the sister of the Cumulus Cloud Kachina. The sister and brother are rarely seen and appear only during the Hopi Salako. Besides the helping of her brother, her function is not really known. Her body is usually a bluish-gray color which is made of the mud the is pulled up from the bottom of springs. She is usually seen carrying a bowl full of meal, which is sometimes divided into directional Hopi colors. The colors of the face and the headdress vary from mesa to mesa. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Death Fly [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Mastop [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Mastop or Death Fly Kachina is the second Kachina to appear on the Third Mesa only. He always arrives in pairs on the next to last day of the Soyal Ceremony. He represents a prayer of fertility for the Hopi women from their dead Hopi ancestors. In pairs, they would seek women from child to the very oldest, grab their shoulders from behind, and make a series of small hops indicating copulation. All Hopi women do not shy away from his embrace because it is a serious fertility rite. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Deer Woman [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Sowi-ing Mana [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Deer Maiden or Sowi-ing Kachina Mana has many similarities between with the Antelope Kachina Mana. The Deer Kachina Mana's dance is a prayer for more rain and for more deer. When she appears, she is often accompanied by the Deer Kachina., and is usually impersonated by a man. All animals are an important part of the Hopi culture, they are believed to provide guidance, health, and protection. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Disheveled [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Motsin [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Motsin or Disheveled Kachina is a guard, but is more known as a community leader. He enforces the attendance of the people to any community work parties. Carrying whatever tools he needs to enforce with (usually carries a rope in one hand and another tool in the other), he would take all the necessary actions needed to get his job done. He used to wear striped or torn out shirts, but now, carvers have made him in better clothing. Still, he usually appears black faced, with warrior pahos on his head, and feathers all around his ears. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Dog [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Poko [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Dog or Poko Kachina is a spirit which represents all domestic animals. It is a very old Kachina, and it is very important, as it is believed to be the first domesticated animal. His importance and functions are: friendship, protection, and sheep herding. Sometimes the Dog is considered to be a hunter. He is normally dressed as a line dancer. The dog itself can vary in costume and appearance because there are so many different types of dogs. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Dragonfly [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Sivuftotovi [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Sivuftotovi or the Dragonfly Kachina is usually seen carrying a yucca whip in one hand and a jar of corn smut (dark in color). Other times he is seen carrying just the yucca whips. He is a runner or racer. Sivuftotovi would race his opponent and once he beat them he would either beat them with his yucca whip or smear them with the corn smut! This Kachina can be seen in many different variations depending on the village it came from! | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Dress [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Kwasa-itaka [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Kwasa-itaka or Dress Kachina is the Hopi version of the Zuni Koroasta. He is referred to as the Dress Kachina because he usually wears a woman?s dress without a belt. The lines around his face are meant to represent the colors of the rainbow. He has influence over the growth of the corn crop, and distributes seeds to spectators during the ceremony. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Eagle [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Kwahu [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Eagle or Kwahu appears in the Kiva Dances in March, or during the Powamu Ceremony. His dance resembles the eagle's motion of flight. The dance is also a prayer for more eagles. Each dancer is pressured to imitate every step and cry of the eagle to absolute perfection. Eagles are honored guests among the Hopis and they are given gifts just as the Hopi children are. At midsummer, they are ceremonially smothered and plucked of all their plumage. Although Third Mesa portrays their Eagle Kachina with an all black body, Second Mesa's Eagle Kachina has a yellow and red body. Birds in general, have always played an important role in the Hopi ceremonies and tradition. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Earth God or Skeleton [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Masau?u [MEANING OR STORY:] | Masau?u or Earth God (Skeleton) Kachina is the only kachina that does not go home after the final ceremony (Niman Ceremony) of the season. He controls both the surface of the earth and the land of the Underworld. On earth, he gives the Hopi their land, their honor, and blesses them on their travels. In the Underworld, he controls the passage of the dead and the movements of the kachinas emerging from the Underworld into the world of the living. He does many things in reverse because the world of the dead is the reverse of this world. He may come down a ladder backwards, or perform other actions in reverse. Occasionally, he may appear as a pair and start behaving wildly. They would sing loudly, beat on the kiva hatchways with willow switches, and dance around the fires of the cooking pits. Sometimes they would even walk through the fires. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Fire God [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Shulawitsi [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Shulawitsi or Fire God is mostly seen portrayed by a boy. He looks after the Sun and fire. Shulawitsi is not a hunter, although he is sometimes carrying a bow and arrow. He knows how to hunt and all about the animals, but does not practice hunting. He is sometimes also seen carrying his game (rabbit,deer, etc.) over his shoulder. The Shulawitsi is very close in appearance to the Kokosori, but they are not the same. He is usually seen in the Mixed Dance with Zuni Kachinas. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Fish [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Pakiokwik [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Pakiokwik or Fish Kachina is a mysterious Kachina because very little is known of this Kachina, except for the belief that it is a very old one from First Mesa. The total lack of fish on the Hopi mesas would lead one to believe that it originates in one of the pueblos along the Rio Grande. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Fly [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Sohonasomtaka [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Fly or Sohonasomtaka Kachina can be a Chief, Guard, or Hunter depending on the ceremony. He may also appear as a warrior who punishes the clowns when they get out of hand during the ceremonies. Insects and animals offer advice and teach life to the Hopi people. As a guard he would protect and keep ceremonies from outsider intrusions. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Frog [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Paqua or Pauataga [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Frog or Paqua (Pauataga) is a rarely seen Kachina. Its purpose is to bring rain and more Frogs. When he is making noises, he is calling out for rain. The Frog Kachina and other reptile Kachinas are a very important part of the Hopi way as all animals are an important part of the Hopi culture, they are believed to provide guidance, health, and protection. This Kachina is a new addition to the Hopi Kachinas. No one knows for sure where it came from, it is probably a Water clan Kachina, although he is believed to be a coming-to-the -clowns Kachina, and appears in dances like the Pig and Mouse Kachina. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Germination God [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Ahola [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Ahola or Germination God plays a major role in the Hopi culture. He controls the growth and reproduction of all things. He is the oldest of the Kachina Clan. He is an important chief Kachina for both First and Second Mesa, because he opens the Powamu ceremony with a kiva performance on the first night. He is the Solstice or Return Kachina, as well as the Sun Kachina. Most Hopi women would place seeds of corn at the door of the kiva before the Ahola appears so that his presence blesses the seeds to be reproductive. He visits each of the kivas to offer strength for the up coming year. At the end of the ceremony, Ahola descends to a shrine where he bows four times to the Sun and asks for long life, good health, happiness, and good crops for his children. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Giant [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Chaveyo [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Chaveyo or Giant Kachina is a threatening kachina who appears at anytime in the spring to punish or discipline, whenever the youngsters are bad. If any Hopi person fails to meet what is required of him in work or breaks the rules of conduct for a village, Chaveyo will let them know about it and punish them for it. He is represented in almost every village, and is usually seen in the Powamu or Water Serpent Dance, and often seen with the Soyoko (Ogre's) of First Mesa assisting them in their role. The Giant Kachina is a favorite of kachina carvers. Interestingly enough, the most often stance carved of this kachina is when he is lifting the hair out of eyes so that he can see who is bedeviling him. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Grandfather [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Tasap Yeibichai [MEANING OR STORY:] | Tasap Yeibichai is the grandfather of the Navajo Kachina, and is one of the more enjoyable features of the Navajo Kachina Dance. He does not speak; instead he acts out ?in a comical way? whatever he wants. He starts the dance, acting as a leader in both the singing and the dancing. His dance step is a sort of Lively exaggeration, with the occasional pause for comic relief, such as a request for food ? mountains of food. All of his acts are done in pantomimes that make the audience laugh. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Grand Mother [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Hahai-I Wuhti [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Hahai-I Wuhti or Grand Mother Kachina is a also known as the Pour Water Woman or Mother Earth. Like the Crow Mother Kachina, the Hahaii Wuhti is also known as the mother of all Kachinas. Although the role of mother has separate associations, she still is in many important ceremonies like the Hopi Shalako, the Water Serpent, the Soyoko and the Powamu. Her personality is as colorful as a sprightly Hopi grandmother. Some Hopis say that she is Eototo's wife and plays a supporting role in his presence. Some also say that she is the dominating and demanding mother to the Nataska Kachinas. In that role, she is the wife of the Chaveyo Kachina, and would be very threatening if her hunger for meat is not fulfilled. On Third Mesa, she plays another role. She offers the children somiviki, a Hopi food, and then would pour water over their head as a blessing. In addition to being the mother of monsters and Kachinas, she is also known as the mother of dogs. Her doll is often given as the first gifts to babies and as a symbol to captive eagles. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Great Horned Owl [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Mongwa or Mongwu [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Great Horned Owl or Mongwa (sometimes spelled Mongwu) is a very popular Kachina carving. The creativity of some carvers in making the head of the Great Horned Owl is always interesting. This owl is a popular Kachina among carvers because of the many possibilities of carving it. The Mongwa Kachina is famous for his disciplinary battles with the clowns. Whenever the clowns' behavior becomes too outrageous, they are disciplined by him. To keep their outrageous antics from interrupting the ceremony, the owl supervises the clowns during many of the ceremonies. Mongwa would usually watch the clowns with a heavy, disapproving stare. When a clown does get out of order, he would leap upon the clown, catch him, douse him with water, and beat him with his yucca blades. It is a ritual that this event takes place during the ceremony. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Guard [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Heoto [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Heoto Kachina is in a category of Kachinas that can either be considered as warriors, or guards. Individually, the Heoto may function as a policeman. Over the years many of these functions have been lost. Heoto appears in the Kiva Dances, Powamu, Soyohim, and Plaza Dances. He has some relation to the Chawaina Kachina. He may have originated from Zuni. In the Bean Dance Parade and during Initiation years at the Pachavu Ceremony, he functions a guard. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Guard Woman [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Heoto Mana [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Heoto Mana Kachina is in a category of Kachinas that can either be considered as warriors, or gaurds. Individually, the Heoto mana may function as a policewoman. Over the years, many of these original functions have been lost. The Heoto Mana, and the Heoto may have both come from the Zuni tribe. The Heoto Mana appears everywhere with Heoto and dances on all three mesas. Her function is similar to that of He-e-e, the Warrior Maiden Kachina. She also acts as a guard in some places. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Hair Cutter [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Hemsona [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Hemsona or Hair Cutter is a runner kachina. Whenever he beats a challenger in a race, he would grab him, hold him to the ground and cut off a knot of his hair. Therefore, he races with a pair of shears or scissors or a knife in his hand. Another legend states that he used to be a killer hired by the Walpi Indians to murder the son of the Sikyatki (the chief?s son) during a race. The Hemsona cut the chief?s son?s throat when he caught him. From then on, the Hemsona is hampered in future races, because he is handicapped with a mask and a heavier costume. This would hopefully prevent him from winning more races. Hemsona kachina can be seen on all three mesas. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
43876dbc_own___Morning_Singer___Katsina__MEANING_OR_STORY_ | [ENGLISH NAME: Kachina] Horse [HOPI NAME: Katsina] Kawai-i [MEANING OR STORY:] | The Horse or Kawai-i Kachina got its name from the Spanish word for horse, caballo. This is not an old Kachina. It was introduced in the early 1900?s. Kawai-i appears in the Soyohim Ceremony, the Mixed Kachina Dances, the Bean Dance, and the Kiva Dances. The horse Kachina is seen far less today, than a few years ago. | [] | Native American Indian Hopi Kachina Doll - Kachina Dolls - Shalako - Sun - Eagle Dancer - Bear - Wolf - Mud Head - Sun Face - Crow Mother - Clown - Morning Singer - Katsina | MEANING OR STORY: | http://hopikachinadolls.com/ | 8/1438043060830.93_20150728002420-00147-ip-10-236-191-2_110987763_0.json |
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