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L_0764 | using electromagnetism | T_3900 | FIGURE 25.6 An electromagnet uses a solenoid and an iron bar to create a very strong magnetic field. | image | textbook_images/using_electromagnetism_22505.png |
L_0764 | using electromagnetism | T_3902 | FIGURE 25.7 A doorbell uses an electromagnet to move the clapper of a bell. | image | textbook_images/using_electromagnetism_22506.png |
L_0764 | using electromagnetism | T_3903 | FIGURE 25.8 In this simple diagram of an electric motor, the electromagnet is represented by a rectangular wire. It actually consists of an iron bar surrounded by a wire coil. | image | textbook_images/using_electromagnetism_22507.png |
L_0764 | using electromagnetism | DD_0232 | In this diagram, a coil of insulated wire is wound around an iron nail. The wire from the nail is conneted directly to the positive terminal of a battery at one end, and through a switch to its negative terminal at the other. When the switch is thrown, the wire forms a complete circuit and an electric current flows from the negative terminal through the wire to the positive terminal. The current flowing through the wire produces a magnetic field resembling the field of a bar magnet with the poles alligned with the nail the wire is wrapped around. The iron the nail is made from is ferromagnetic, and the magentic feild generated by the current in the wire causes the magnetic domains in the iron to allign with it. This makes for a stronger magnetic field than the wire would generate on it's own. This combination of a wire coiled around a ferromgnetic material is called an electromagnet. | image | teaching_images/electromagnetism_6802.png |
L_0764 | using electromagnetism | DD_0233 | The diagram shows a simple way to make an iron nail become electromagnet. A wire is run from the positive side of a battery then coil around the nail then to the negative side of the battery. As electric current flows through the wire, magnetic field is produced around the coil of wire with the electric current. The coil of wire with electric current flowing through it is called a solenoid. The more turns the coil has, the strong the electromagnetic field will be. | image | teaching_images/electromagnetism_9090.png |
L_0765 | generating and using electricity | T_3905 | FIGURE 25.9 This simple setup shows how electromagnetic induction occurs. | image | textbook_images/generating_and_using_electricity_22508.png |
L_0765 | generating and using electricity | T_3906 | FIGURE 25.10 If a magnet is moved back and forth rela- tive to a coil of wire, alternating current is produced. | image | textbook_images/generating_and_using_electricity_22509.png |
L_0765 | generating and using electricity | T_3908 | FIGURE 25.11 This diagram shows the basic parts of an electric generator. Compare the genera- tor with the electric motor. | image | textbook_images/generating_and_using_electricity_22510.png |
L_0765 | generating and using electricity | T_3908 | FIGURE 25.12 A hydroelectric power plant uses the ki- netic energy of falling water to turn a turbine and generate electricity. | image | textbook_images/generating_and_using_electricity_22511.png |
L_0765 | generating and using electricity | T_3909 | FIGURE 25.13 An electric transformer connects two cir- cuits with an iron core that becomes an electromagnet. | image | textbook_images/generating_and_using_electricity_22512.png |
L_0765 | generating and using electricity | T_3910 | FIGURE 25.14 Whether a transformer increases or de- creases voltage depends on the relative number of turns of wire in the two coils. | image | textbook_images/generating_and_using_electricity_22513.png |
L_0765 | generating and using electricity | T_3910 | FIGURE 25.15 Transformers play an important role in supplying energy to the home. Why are both step-up and step-down transformers needed? | image | textbook_images/generating_and_using_electricity_22514.png |
L_0766 | properties of matter | T_3912 | FIGURE 3.1 This balance shows one way of measuring mass. When both sides of the balance are at the same level, it means that objects in the two pans have the same mass. | image | textbook_images/properties_of_matter_22515.png |
L_0766 | properties of matter | T_3913 | FIGURE 3.2 This kitchen scale measures weight. How does weight differ from mass? | image | textbook_images/properties_of_matter_22516.png |
L_0766 | properties of matter | T_3913 | FIGURE 3.3 If the astronaut weighed 175 pounds on Earth, he would have weighed only 29 pounds on the moon. If his mass on Earth was 80 kg, what would his mass have been on the moon? | image | textbook_images/properties_of_matter_22517.png |
L_0766 | properties of matter | T_3915 | FIGURE 3.4 The displacement method is used to find the volume of an irregularly shaped solid object. It measures the amount of water that the object displaces, or moves out of the way. What is the volume of the toy dinosaur in mL? | image | textbook_images/properties_of_matter_22518.png |
L_0766 | properties of matter | T_3916 | FIGURE 3.5 These are just a few of the physical prop- erties of matter. | image | textbook_images/properties_of_matter_22519.png |
L_0766 | properties of matter | T_3920 | FIGURE 3.6 The iron in these steel chains has started to rust. | image | textbook_images/properties_of_matter_22520.png |
L_0768 | changes in matter | T_3932 | FIGURE 3.16 In each of these changes, only the physical properties of matter change. The chemical properties remain the same. | image | textbook_images/changes_in_matter_22530.png |
L_0768 | changes in matter | T_3933 | FIGURE 3.17 This girl is pouring vinegar on baking soda. This causes a bubbling "volcano." | image | textbook_images/changes_in_matter_22531.png |
L_0768 | changes in matter | T_3934 | FIGURE 3.18 These chemical changes all result in the formation of new substances with different chemical properties. Do you think any of these changes could be undone? | image | textbook_images/changes_in_matter_22532.png |
L_0768 | changes in matter | T_3936 | FIGURE 3.19 Burning is a chemical process. Is mass destroyed when wood burns? | image | textbook_images/changes_in_matter_22533.png |
L_0769 | solids liquids gases and plasmas | T_3937 | FIGURE 4.3 The volume and shape of a solid can be changed, but only with outside help. How could you change the volume and shape of each of the solids in the figure without changing the solid in any other way? | image | textbook_images/solids_liquids_gases_and_plasmas_22536.png |
L_0769 | solids liquids gases and plasmas | T_3938 | FIGURE 4.4 Each bottle contains the same volume of oil. How would you describe the shape of the oil in each bottle? | image | textbook_images/solids_liquids_gases_and_plasmas_22537.png |
L_0769 | solids liquids gases and plasmas | T_3938 | FIGURE 4.5 These images illustrate surface tension and viscosity of liquids. | image | textbook_images/solids_liquids_gases_and_plasmas_22538.png |
L_0769 | solids liquids gases and plasmas | T_3939 | FIGURE 4.6 When you add air to a bicycle tire, you add it only through one tiny opening. But the air immediately spreads out to fill the whole tire. | image | textbook_images/solids_liquids_gases_and_plasmas_22539.png |
L_0769 | solids liquids gases and plasmas | T_3941 | FIGURE 4.7 Both the northern lights (aurora borealis) and a plasma TV contain matter in the plasma state. What other plasmas are shown in the northern lights picture? | image | textbook_images/solids_liquids_gases_and_plasmas_22540.png |
L_0769 | solids liquids gases and plasmas | T_3944 | FIGURE 4.8 Kinetic energy is needed to overcome the force of attraction between particles of the same substance. | image | textbook_images/solids_liquids_gases_and_plasmas_22541.png |
L_0769 | solids liquids gases and plasmas | DD_0234 | There are three states of matter. These three states include solid, liquid, and gas. Solid states of matter are rigid and have a fixed shape and fixed volume. They cannot be squashed. Liquid states of matter are not rigid and have no fixed shape, but have a fixed volume. They too cannot be squashed. Gas states of matter are not rigid and have no fixed shape and no fixed volume. This state of matter can be squashed. | image | teaching_images/states_of_matter_9253.png |
L_0769 | solids liquids gases and plasmas | DD_0235 | The image below shows Gases, Liquids, and Solids. Gases, liquids and solids are all made up of atoms, molecules, and/or ions, but the behaviors of these particles differ in the three phases. Gas assumes the shape and volume of its container particles can move past one another. Liquid also assumes the shape of the part of the container which it occupies particles can move/slide past one another. while solids retains a fixed volume and shape rigid - particles locked into place | image | teaching_images/states_of_matter_9256.png |
L_0771 | changes of state | T_3951 | FIGURE 4.18 Which process changes a solid to a gas? Which process changes a gas to a solid? | image | textbook_images/changes_of_state_22551.png |
L_0771 | changes of state | T_3954 | FIGURE 4.19 Water dripping from a gutter turned to ice as it fell toward the ground, forming icicles. Why did the liquid water change to a solid? | image | textbook_images/changes_of_state_22552.png |
L_0771 | changes of state | T_3957 | FIGURE 4.20 Molten (melted) iron is poured into a mold at a foundry. It takes extremely high temperatures to change iron from a solid to the liquid shown here. Thats because iron has a very high melting point. | image | textbook_images/changes_of_state_22553.png |
L_0771 | changes of state | T_3959 | FIGURE 4.21 Evaporation of water occurs even at rel- atively low temperatures. The water trapped in this pothole will evaporate sooner or later. | image | textbook_images/changes_of_state_22554.png |
L_0771 | changes of state | T_3959 | FIGURE 4.22 Water vapor condenses to form liquid water in each of the examples pictured here. | image | textbook_images/changes_of_state_22555.png |
L_0771 | changes of state | T_3961 | FIGURE 4.23 Solid carbon dioxide changes directly to the gaseous state. | image | textbook_images/changes_of_state_22556.png |
L_0771 | changes of state | DD_0236 | This diagram shows the changes of state in matter. Changes of state are physical changes in matter. They are reversible changes that do not involve changes in matters chemical makeup or chemical properties. They occur when matter absorbs or loses energy. Processes in which matter changes between liquid and solid states are freezing and melting. For a solid to change to a liquid, matter must absorb energy from its surroundings. Freezing happens when the water cools and loses energy until they remain in fixed positions as ice. Processes in which matter changes between liquid and gaseous states are vaporization, evaporation, and condensation. Processes in which matter changes between solid and gaseous states are sublimation and deposition. | image | teaching_images/state_change_7605.png |
L_0771 | changes of state | DD_0237 | The diagram shows the changes of state of matter. The state shifts based from the amount of energy added or removed by the matter. If energy is added to the matter, the particles will slowly disperse away from each other until they are separated from each other. Some examples of this change of state is melting (converting solid to liquid) and evaporation (converting liquid to gas). On the other hand, if the energy is removed, the particles will gather themselves together until they are close to each other. Condensation (converting gas to liquid) and freezing (converting liquid to solid) are some of the process involving this change. | image | teaching_images/evaporation_and_sublimation_8079.png |
L_0771 | changes of state | DD_0238 | The image below shows the different changes in states of matter. A material will change from one state or phase to another at specific combinations of temperature and surrounding pressure. Typically, the pressure is atmospheric pressure, so temperature is the determining factor to the change in state in those cases. The names of the changes in state are melting, freezing, boiling, condensation, sublimation and deposition. The temperature of a material will increase until it reaches the point where the change takes place. It will stay at that temperature until that change is completed. Solids are one of the three phase changes. Their structure and their resistance to change their shape or volume characterize solids. In a solid, the molecules are closely packed together. Liquids are the next of the three phase changes. Liquids are very different from solids, their structure is a bit freer, but not as free as gas. In a liquid phase, the molecules will take the shape of its container or the object that it is in. Gases are the last of the three phase changes. A gas phase is one of the simpler phases, because the gas molecules are the freest. This is because theoretically the molecules behave completely chaotically and they roam anywhere and fill every space of an object or container. | image | teaching_images/evaporation_and_sublimation_8074.png |
L_0771 | changes of state | DD_0239 | The diagram below shows how matter changes state. A material will change from one state or phase to another at specific combinations of temperature and surrounding pressure. Typically, the pressure is atmospheric pressure, so temperature is the determining factor to the change in state in those cases. The states of matter shown are ice (solid), water (liquid) and water vapor (gas). When heat is applied to a material, its change in state typically goes from solid to liquid to gas. There are some exceptions where the material will go directly from a solid to a gas. When a material is cooled, its change in state typically goes from gas to liquid to solid. There are some exceptions where the material will go directly from a gas to a solid. | image | teaching_images/state_change_7606.png |
L_0771 | changes of state | DD_0240 | There are 4 states of matter observable in everyday life: solid, liquid, gas and plasma. This diagram shows 3 of these states: solid, liquid and gas and the processes that cause matter to change states. When a gas changes to a liquid, a liquid changes to a solid or a gas changes to a solid, heat is given out. Conversely, when a solid changes to a liquid, a liquid changes to a gas and a solid changes to a gas, heat is taken in. The names of these processes are provided in the diagram. For example: the process of state change from gas to liquid is called condensation. The process of change from liquid to solid is called freezing. The process of change from solid to liquid is called melting and the process of change from solid to gas is called sublimation. | image | teaching_images/evaporation_and_sublimation_6875.png |
L_0805 | atoms | T_4150 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/atoms_22676.png |
L_0825 | changes of state | T_4216 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/changes_of_state_22709.png |
L_0825 | changes of state | T_4216 | FIGURE 1.2 again. | image | textbook_images/changes_of_state_22710.png |
L_0827 | chemical and solar cells | T_4219 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/chemical_and_solar_cells_22712.png |
L_0827 | chemical and solar cells | T_4219 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/chemical_and_solar_cells_22713.png |
L_0829 | chemical change | T_4224 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/chemical_change_22716.png |
L_0832 | chemical properties of matter | T_4234 | FIGURE 1.1 When wood burns, it changes to ashes, carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases. You can see ashes in the wood fire pictured here. The gases are invisible. | image | textbook_images/chemical_properties_of_matter_22718.png |
L_0842 | condensation | T_4267 | FIGURE 1.1 This picture shows the contrail (condensation trail) left behind by a jet. Water vapor in its exhaust gases condensed on dust particles in the air. | image | textbook_images/condensation_22743.png |
L_0842 | condensation | T_4267 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/condensation_22744.png |
L_0844 | conservation of mass | T_4272 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/conservation_of_mass_22747.png |
L_0855 | density | T_4306 | FIGURE 1.1 A bowling ball is denser than a volleyball. Although both balls are similar in size, the bowling ball feels much heavier than the volleyball. | image | textbook_images/density_22765.png |
L_0856 | deposition | T_4309 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/deposition_22766.png |
L_0856 | deposition | T_4309 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/deposition_22767.png |
L_0860 | discovery of electromagnetism | T_4318 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/discovery_of_electromagnetism_22770.png |
L_0867 | electric charge and electric force | T_4339 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/electric_charge_and_electric_force_22781.png |
L_0867 | electric charge and electric force | T_4339 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/electric_charge_and_electric_force_22782.png |
L_0868 | electric circuits | T_4341 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/electric_circuits_22783.png |
L_0868 | electric circuits | T_4342 | FIGURE 1.2 The circuit diagram in the middle repre- sents the circuit drawing on the left. On the right are some of the standard sym- bols used in circuit diagrams. Q: Only one of the circuit symbols in the Figure 1.2 must be included in every circuit. Which symbol is it? | image | textbook_images/electric_circuits_22784.png |
L_0869 | electric conductors and insulators | T_4346 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/electric_conductors_and_insulators_22785.png |
L_0870 | electric current | T_4349 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/electric_current_22786.png |
L_0871 | electric fields | T_4351 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/electric_fields_22787.png |
L_0871 | electric fields | T_4351 | FIGURE 1.2 Note: +q = positive charge and -q = negative charge | image | textbook_images/electric_fields_22788.png |
L_0872 | electric generators | T_4354 | FIGURE 1.1 When wood burns, it changes to ashes, carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases. You can see ashes in the wood fire pictured here. The gases are invisible. | image | textbook_images/electric_generators_22789.png |
L_0875 | electric safety | T_4361 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/electric_safety_22790.png |
L_0875 | electric safety | T_4362 | FIGURE 1.2 of plastic but so is the entire device. The old toaster pictured in the Figure 1.1 lacks this safety feature, but most modern toasters have a plastic casing. This reduces the risk of current leaving the device except through the cord. | image | textbook_images/electric_safety_22791.png |
L_0876 | electric transformers | T_4364 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/electric_transformers_22792.png |
L_0876 | electric transformers | T_4365 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/electric_transformers_22793.png |
L_0876 | electric transformers | T_4365 | FIGURE 1.3 | image | textbook_images/electric_transformers_22794.png |
L_0877 | electrical grid | T_4368 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/electrical_grid_22795.png |
L_0877 | electrical grid | T_4369 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/electrical_grid_22796.png |
L_0878 | electromagnet | T_4372 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/electromagnet_22797.png |
L_0879 | electromagnetic devices | T_4374 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/electromagnetic_devices_22798.png |
L_0880 | electromagnetic induction | T_4377 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/electromagnetic_induction_22800.png |
L_0880 | electromagnetic induction | T_4377 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/electromagnetic_induction_22801.png |
L_0883 | electromagnetism | T_4388 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/electromagnetism_22806.png |
L_0885 | electronic component | T_4394 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/electronic_component_22810.png |
L_0885 | electronic component | T_4395 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/electronic_component_22811.png |
L_0885 | electronic component | T_4396 | FIGURE 1.3 | image | textbook_images/electronic_component_22812.png |
L_0885 | electronic component | T_4397 | FIGURE 1.4 | image | textbook_images/electronic_component_22813.png |
L_0886 | electronic device | T_4399 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/electronic_device_22814.png |
L_0887 | electronic signal | T_4402 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/electronic_signal_22815.png |
L_0887 | electronic signal | T_4402 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/electronic_signal_22816.png |
L_0896 | evaporation | T_4432 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/evaporation_22833.png |
L_0896 | evaporation | T_4434 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/evaporation_22834.png |
L_0903 | freezing | T_4451 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/freezing_22849.png |
L_0941 | liquids | T_4584 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/liquids_22928.png |
L_0941 | liquids | T_4585 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/liquids_22929.png |
L_0941 | liquids | T_4585 | FIGURE 1.3 A: The viscosity of honey and chocolate syrup vary by brand and other factors, but chocolate syrup generally is more viscous than honey. | image | textbook_images/liquids_22930.png |
L_0948 | melting | T_4603 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/melting_22941.png |
L_0955 | mixtures | T_4625 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/mixtures_22957.png |
L_0955 | mixtures | T_4628 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/mixtures_22958.png |
L_0981 | physical change | T_4709 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/physical_change_23013.png |
L_0982 | physical properties of matter | T_4712 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/physical_properties_of_matter_23015.png |
L_0982 | physical properties of matter | T_4712 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/physical_properties_of_matter_23016.png |
L_0982 | physical properties of matter | T_4712 | FIGURE 1.3 | image | textbook_images/physical_properties_of_matter_23017.png |
L_0984 | plasma | T_4722 | FIGURE 1.1 A bowling ball is denser than a volleyball. Although both balls are similar in size, the bowling ball feels much heavier than the volleyball. | image | textbook_images/plasma_23019.png |
L_0993 | properties of solutions | T_4757 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/properties_of_solutions_23040.png |
L_0993 | properties of solutions | T_4757 | FIGURE 1.2 | image | textbook_images/properties_of_solutions_23041.png |
L_1001 | rate of dissolving | T_4785 | FIGURE 1.1 | image | textbook_images/rate_of_dissolving_23050.png |
Subsets and Splits