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11,300 | NDQ_009625 | history of life on earth | Life first appeared on Earth about | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. 4.6 billion years ago, b. 4.0 billion years ago, c. 4.6 million years ago, d. 4.0 million years ago | b |
11,301 | NDQ_009626 | history of life on earth | The geologic time scale is based on major changes in | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. geology, b. climate, c. organisms, d. all of the above | d |
11,302 | NDQ_009627 | history of life on earth | If Earths history is represented by a 24-hour day, then life first appears at about | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. 3:00 am, b. 8:00 am, c. 1:00 pm, d. 3:00 pm | a |
11,303 | NDQ_009628 | history of life on earth | Which of the following divisions of the geologic time scale is longest? | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. epoch, b. era, c. period, d. eon | d |
11,304 | NDQ_009629 | history of life on earth | Which feature of modern Earth was absent when the planet first formed? | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. solid crust, b. oceans, c. atmosphere, d. all of the above | d |
11,305 | NDQ_009630 | history of life on earth | The earliest living things were | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. autotrophs, b. heterotrophs, c. eukaryotes, d. two of the above | b |
11,306 | NDQ_009631 | history of life on earth | The earliest cells | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. had a nucleus, b. made their own food, c. got energy from organic molecules, d. two of the above | c |
11,307 | NDQ_009632 | history of life on earth | The first multicellular organisms evolved about | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. 4.0 billion years ago, b. 3.6 billion years ago, c. 3.0 billion years ago, d. none of the above | d |
11,308 | NDQ_009633 | history of life on earth | Organisms that evolved at the beginning of the Paleozoic Era included | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. trilobites, b. sponges, c. reptiles, d. two of the above | d |
11,309 | NDQ_009635 | history of life on earth | The first mass extinction on Earth occurred at the end of the | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. Precambrian Supereon, b. Permian Period, c. Mesozoic Era, d. Cretaceous Period | a |
11,310 | NDQ_009637 | history of life on earth | Primates and human ancestors first appeared during the | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. Jurassic Period, b. Tertiary Period, c. Devonian Period, d. Quaternary Period | b |
11,311 | NDQ_009638 | history of life on earth | ___major division of Earths history that is known as the age of dinosaurs | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. a.Paleozoic Era, b. b.Precambrian Supereon, c. c.Cenozoic Era, d. d.LUCA, e. e.Mesozoic Era, f. f.mass extinction, g. g.geologic time scale | e |
11,312 | NDQ_009641 | history of life on earth | ___first major division of Earths history | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. a.Paleozoic Era, b. b.Precambrian Supereon, c. c.Cenozoic Era, d. d.LUCA, e. e.Mesozoic Era, f. f.mass extinction, g. g.geologic time scale | b |
11,313 | NDQ_009643 | history of life on earth | ___major division of Earths history that is called the age of mammals | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. a.Paleozoic Era, b. b.Precambrian Supereon, c. c.Cenozoic Era, d. d.LUCA, e. e.Mesozoic Era, f. f.mass extinction, g. g.geologic time scale | c |
11,314 | NDQ_009644 | history of life on earth | ___event in which the majority of Earths species die out | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. a.Paleozoic Era, b. b.Precambrian Supereon, c. c.Cenozoic Era, d. d.LUCA, e. e.Mesozoic Era, f. f.mass extinction, g. g.geologic time scale | f |
11,315 | NDQ_009645 | history of life on earth | The Jurassic Period is called the golden age of dinosaurs. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | a |
11,316 | NDQ_009646 | history of life on earth | Mammals became the dominant land animals during the Mesozoic Era. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | b |
11,317 | NDQ_009647 | history of life on earth | ___division of Earths history into eons, eras, and periods | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. a.Paleozoic Era, b. b.Precambrian Supereon, c. c.Cenozoic Era, d. d.LUCA, e. e.Mesozoic Era, f. f.mass extinction, g. g.geologic time scale | g |
11,318 | NDQ_009648 | history of life on earth | The last ice age ended about 12 million years ago. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | b |
11,319 | NDQ_009649 | history of life on earth | ___major division of Earths history that began with the Cambrian explosion | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. a.Paleozoic Era, b. b.Precambrian Supereon, c. c.Cenozoic Era, d. d.LUCA, e. e.Mesozoic Era, f. f.mass extinction, g. g.geologic time scale | a |
11,320 | NDQ_009650 | history of life on earth | ___single cell believed to have given rise to all of the following life on Earth | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. a.Paleozoic Era, b. b.Precambrian Supereon, c. c.Cenozoic Era, d. d.LUCA, e. e.Mesozoic Era, f. f.mass extinction, g. g.geologic time scale | d |
11,321 | NDQ_009651 | history of life on earth | The current geological era is the Cenozoic Era. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | a |
11,322 | NDQ_009652 | history of life on earth | When Earth first formed, it had oceans but no atmosphere. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | b |
11,323 | NDQ_009653 | history of life on earth | _During Earths history, continents drifted and collided. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | a |
11,324 | NDQ_009654 | history of life on earth | _If Earths history is represented by a 24-hour day, humans appear at about 8:00 pm. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | b |
11,325 | NDQ_009655 | history of life on earth | _Earths earliest atmosphere contained more oxygen than the atmosphere does today. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | b |
11,326 | NDQ_009656 | history of life on earth | _A total of four mass extinctions have occurred on Earth since life began. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | b |
11,327 | NDQ_009657 | history of life on earth | _Fish first evolved during the Paleozoic Era. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | a |
11,328 | NDQ_009658 | history of life on earth | _The Jurassic Period is known as the golden age of mammals. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | b |
11,329 | NDQ_009659 | history of life on earth | _The extinction of the dinosaurs paved the way for reptiles to take over. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | b |
11,330 | NDQ_009708 | bacteria | Which statement about the diversity of bacteria is false? | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. Bacteria are the most diverse organisms on Earth, b. Thousands of species of bacteria have been discovered, c. Few if any bacterial species remain to be discovered, d. Bacteria increase diversity by genetic transfer | c |
11,331 | NDQ_009709 | bacteria | Salmonella bacteria are | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. prokaryotes., b. bacillus bacteria., c. a common cause of food poisoning., d. all of the above | d |
11,332 | NDQ_009710 | bacteria | Bacteria | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. are the most abundant organisms on Earth., b. have fewer species than any other domain., c. can be observed only with an electron microscope., d. all of the above | a |
11,333 | NDQ_009711 | bacteria | Bacteria that are classified as gram-negative | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. stain purple with gram stain, b. have an outer membrane, c. lack a cell wall, d. two of the above | b |
11,334 | NDQ_009712 | bacteria | Bacteria can help people by | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. making fuels, b. cleaning up oil spills, c. making vaccines, d. all of the above | d |
11,335 | NDQ_009713 | bacteria | Gram-positive bacteria have a(n) | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. thick cell wall., b. outer membrane., c. cell nucleus., d. two of the above | a |
11,336 | NDQ_009714 | bacteria | Lyme disease is caused by bacteria that are spread by | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. mosquitoes., b. black flies., c. deer ticks., d. bed bugs. | c |
11,337 | NDQ_009715 | bacteria | All bacteria | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. die at temperatures higher than 37 C, b. can be killed with chlorine bleach, c. are resistant to antibiotics, d. are poisoned by oxygen | b |
11,338 | NDQ_009716 | bacteria | Bacteria live in Earths | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. crust., b. ocean., c. atmosphere., d. all of the above | d |
11,339 | NDQ_009717 | bacteria | How many bacterial cells normally live in and on the human body? | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. a few hundred, b. about a thousand, c. several million, d. trillions | d |
11,340 | NDQ_009719 | bacteria | The development of antibiotic resistance is an example of | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. gene therapy., b. biotechnology., c. gene cloning., d. natural selection. | d |
11,341 | NDQ_009721 | bacteria | The best way to kill bacteria in drinking water is to | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. raise its temperature to the boiling point (100 C)., b. add a large amount of chlorine bleach to it., c. dissolve antibiotic drugs in it., d. pass it through a sieve. | a |
11,342 | NDQ_009729 | bacteria | A spiral-shaped bacterium is classified as a spirillus. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | a |
11,343 | NDQ_009730 | bacteria | Bacteria that form biofilms are multicellular prokaryotes. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | b |
11,344 | NDQ_009732 | bacteria | Bacteria cover Earths surface but are not found far below it. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | b |
11,345 | NDQ_009735 | bacteria | There are more bacteria than any other organisms on Earth. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | a |
11,346 | NDQ_009736 | bacteria | Yogurt is made with the help of bacteria. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | a |
11,347 | NDQ_009737 | bacteria | __A book lying on your desk is likely to be covered with bacteria. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | a |
11,348 | NDQ_009738 | bacteria | __Bacteria are the most diverse organisms on Earth. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | a |
11,349 | NDQ_009739 | bacteria | __Bacteria stain differently with gram stain depending on whether they have a cell nucleus. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | b |
11,350 | NDQ_009740 | bacteria | __All bacteria cause human illnesses. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | b |
11,351 | NDQ_009741 | bacteria | __Some bacteria can be used as pesticides. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | a |
11,352 | NDQ_009742 | bacteria | __Pickles and cheese on a cheeseburger are both made with the help of bacteria. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | a |
11,353 | NDQ_009743 | bacteria | __Strep throat is a bacterial infection. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | a |
11,354 | NDQ_009744 | bacteria | ____sphere-shaped bacterium | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. a.gram, b. b.spirillus, c. c.vector, d. d.bacillus, e. e.pathogen, f. f.coccus, g. g.antibiotic | f |
11,355 | NDQ_009745 | bacteria | ____organism that spreads pathogens from host to host | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. a.gram, b. b.spirillus, c. c.vector, d. d.bacillus, e. e.pathogen, f. f.coccus, g. g.antibiotic | c |
11,356 | NDQ_009746 | bacteria | ____name of the dye used to color bacteria | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. a.gram, b. b.spirillus, c. c.vector, d. d.bacillus, e. e.pathogen, f. f.coccus, g. g.antibiotic | a |
11,357 | NDQ_009747 | bacteria | ____rod-shaped bacterium | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. a.gram, b. b.spirillus, c. c.vector, d. d.bacillus, e. e.pathogen, f. f.coccus, g. g.antibiotic | d |
11,358 | NDQ_009748 | bacteria | ____type of drug used to treat bacterial infections | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. a.gram, b. b.spirillus, c. c.vector, d. d.bacillus, e. e.pathogen, f. f.coccus, g. g.antibiotic | g |
11,359 | NDQ_009749 | bacteria | ____organism that causes disease | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. a.gram, b. b.spirillus, c. c.vector, d. d.bacillus, e. e.pathogen, f. f.coccus, g. g.antibiotic | e |
11,360 | NDQ_009750 | bacteria | ____spiral-shaped bacterium | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. a.gram, b. b.spirillus, c. c.vector, d. d.bacillus, e. e.pathogen, f. f.coccus, g. g.antibiotic | b |
11,361 | NDQ_009890 | adulthood and aging | early adulthood begins at age 16. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | b |
11,362 | NDQ_009891 | adulthood and aging | late adulthood begins around age 65. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | a |
11,363 | NDQ_009895 | adulthood and aging | middle adulthood is from about age | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. 35 to 50., b. 35 to 65., c. 30 to 60., d. 40 to 70. | b |
11,364 | NDQ_009896 | adulthood and aging | heart disease, cancer, and diabetes become more common during this time. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. early adulthood, b. middle adulthood, c. late adulthood, d. any of the above | b |
11,365 | NDQ_009897 | adulthood and aging | during this time, brain changes cause mental abilities to decrease. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. early adulthood, b. middle adulthood, c. late adulthood, d. any of the above | c |
11,366 | NDQ_009898 | adulthood and aging | during this time, most people complete their education. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. early adulthood, b. middle adulthood, c. late adulthood, d. any of the above | a |
11,367 | NDQ_009899 | adulthood and aging | during this time, people have a harder time fighting diseases like the flu. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. early adulthood, b. middle adulthood, c. late adulthood, d. any of the above | c |
11,368 | NDQ_009960 | aquatic biomes | aquatic biomes in the ocean are called marine biomes. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | a |
11,369 | NDQ_009961 | aquatic biomes | wetlands may be either freshwater or salt water biomes. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | b |
11,370 | NDQ_009965 | aquatic biomes | how are aquatic biomes defined? | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. By the amount of sunlight, their depth and their distance from land., b. By the aquatic organisms that inhabit the biome., c. By the salt concentration of the water., d. all of the above | a |
11,371 | NDQ_009966 | aquatic biomes | what area of the ocean will have the most oxygen and nutrients? | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. An area near the ocean floor far from the shore., b. An area near the surface and close to the shore., c. An area near the surface in the middle of the ocean., d. An area near the surface and close to the ocean floor in the middle of the ocean. | b |
11,372 | NDQ_009967 | aquatic biomes | photosynthesis occurs in the | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. photosynthesis zone., b. aphotic zone., c. photic zone., d. sunlight zone. | c |
11,373 | NDQ_009968 | aquatic biomes | why are estuaries considered marine biomes? | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. Because sea urchins, octopuses, and sea stars live there., b. Because there is a salt concentration greater than freshwater biomes., c. Because these are places where freshwater streams or rivers merge with the ocean., d. all of the above | b |
11,374 | NDQ_009969 | aquatic biomes | which statement is characteristic of streams and rivers? | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. They are bodies of flowing water moving in one direction., b. They start at headwaters and empty into another body of water., c. They can be found everywhere., d. all of the above | d |
11,375 | NDQ_010010 | autoimmune diseases | aids is an autoimmune disease. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | b |
11,376 | NDQ_010011 | autoimmune diseases | people can die from an allergic reaction. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | a |
11,377 | NDQ_010015 | autoimmune diseases | hay fever is an allergy to | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. hay., b. plant pollens., c. dust, d. mold. | b |
11,378 | NDQ_010016 | autoimmune diseases | multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. nerve cells., b. muscle cells., c. the joints., d. brain cells. | a |
11,379 | NDQ_010017 | autoimmune diseases | common allergies include allergies to | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. certain medicines., b. nuts and shellfish., c. dander., d. all of the above | d |
11,380 | NDQ_010018 | autoimmune diseases | inflammatory bowel disease is a severe autoimmune disease in which the immune system damages | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. the stomach., b. the bladder., c. the digestive tract., d. the kidney. | c |
11,381 | NDQ_010019 | autoimmune diseases | autoimmune diseases can be cured with | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. diet changes., b. specific medicines., c. regular exercise., d. Autoimmune diseases cannot be cured. | d |
11,382 | NDQ_010040 | bacteria in the digestive system | there are more bacterial cells in your body than human cells. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | a |
11,383 | NDQ_010041 | bacteria in the digestive system | there could be as many as 1,000 species of bacteria in your digestive system. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | a |
11,384 | NDQ_010045 | bacteria in the digestive system | which bacteria help us digest plant food? | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. Lactobacillus, b. Bacteroides, c. coli, d. probiotic bacteria | b |
11,385 | NDQ_010046 | bacteria in the digestive system | bacteria live in all areas of the gastrointestinal tract except the | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. large intestine., b. small intestine., c. stomach., d. mouth. | c |
11,386 | NDQ_010047 | bacteria in the digestive system | why are gut bacteria not attacked by the host immune system? | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. Because the bacteria appear as digestive system cells., b. Because the bacteria are covered sugars produced by the digestive system cells., c. Because the immune system does not see these cells as foreign., d. all of the above | d |
11,387 | NDQ_010048 | bacteria in the digestive system | what is a role of digestive system bacteria? | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. Break down fibers and some starches., b. Break down poisons in the stomach., c. Control the growth of helpful bacteria., d. All of the above are roles of digestive system bacteria. | a |
11,388 | NDQ_010049 | bacteria in the digestive system | there are some plant foods that we cannot digest on our own. how do bacteria help us digest these foods? | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. Bacteria produce enzymes that digest proteins in plant cells., b. Bacteria produce enzymes that digest lipids in plant cell walls., c. Bacteria produce enzymes that digest carbohydrates in plant cell walls., d. Bacteria produce enzymes that digest carbohydrates in plant cell membranes. | c |
11,389 | NDQ_010050 | bacteria nutrition | photosynthetic bacteria evolved before photosynthetic plants. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | a |
11,390 | NDQ_010051 | bacteria nutrition | mutualistic bacteria kill their prey. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | b |
11,391 | NDQ_010055 | bacteria nutrition | nitrogen gas in the atmosphere has a strong bond that cannot be broken by many organisms. instead bacteria break the bond so other organisms have access to the nitrogen. organisms need nitrogen to make | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. food., b. organelles., c. DNA., d. cells. | c |
11,392 | NDQ_010056 | bacteria nutrition | what type of bacteria lives in the roots of legumes, such as pea plants? | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. photosynthetic, b. mutualistic, c. decomposer, d. herbivore | b |
11,393 | NDQ_010057 | bacteria nutrition | what do decomposers obtain from the material they break down? | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. carbon, b. nutrients, c. energy, d. all of the above | d |
11,394 | NDQ_010058 | bacteria nutrition | which of the following is a photosynthetic bacterium? | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. Staphylococcus aureus, b. Escherichia coli, c. cyanobacteria, d. lactobacilli | c |
11,395 | NDQ_010059 | bacteria nutrition | the nitrogen cycle is the biogeochemical cycle that recycles nitrogen through ecosystems. which two types of bacteria are involved in the nitrogen cycle? | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. photosynthetic and chemotrophic, b. decomposers and photosynthetic, c. mutualistic and photosynthetic, d. mutualistic and chemotrophic | d |
11,396 | NDQ_010070 | barriers to pathogens | the first line of defense keeps most pathogens out of the body. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | a |
11,397 | NDQ_010071 | barriers to pathogens | the skin is a mucous membrane. | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. true, b. false | b |
11,398 | NDQ_010075 | barriers to pathogens | which of the following are covered with mucous membranes? | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. the lining of the mouth, b. the lining of the throat, c. the inside of the lungs, d. all of the above | d |
11,399 | NDQ_010076 | barriers to pathogens | what is a characteristic of the stomach? | null | null | Multiple Choice | a. The stomach is lined with cilia, which help remove pathogens., b. The stomach releases acid, which kills pathogens., c. The stomach is full of enzymes that kill bacteria., d. all of the above | b |
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