Datasets:

---

GritLM

/

MEDI

like 7

Follow

GritLM 28

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Traditionally, cultures and countries in the East Asian cultural sphere are strongly influenced by Confucianism, including mainland China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, Korea, Japan, and Vietnam, as well as various territories settled predominantly by Chinese people, such as Singapore. In the 20th century Confucianism's influence diminished greatly. In the last decades there have been talks of a ``Confucian Revival'' in the academic and the scholarly community, and there has been a grassroots proliferation of various types of Confucian churches. In late 2015 many Confucian personalities formally established a national Holy Confucian Church (孔聖會/孔圣会 Kǒngshènghuì) in China to unify the many Confucian congregations and civil society organisations.\n question: is there more than one form of confucianism?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Chinese, also known as Sinitic, is a branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family consisting of hundreds of local language varieties, many of which are not mutually intelligible. The differences are similar to those within the Romance languages, with variation particularly strong in the more rugged southeast. These varieties, often called ``dialects'', have been classified into seven to ten groups, the largest being Mandarin (e.g. Beijing dialect), Wu (e.g. Shanghainese), Min (e.g. Hokkien), and Yue (e.g. Cantonese).\n question: is there a difference between cantonese and mandarin?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Following Wesley's death, the Methodist revival became a separate church and ordained its own ministers; it is called a nonconformist church because it does not conform to the rules of the established Church of England. In the 19th century, the Wesleyan Methodist Church experienced many secessions, with the largest of the offshoots being the Primitive Methodists. The main streams of Methodism were reunited in 1932, forming the Methodist Church as it is today.\n question: is methodist the same as church of england?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Most competitions only allow each team to make a maximum of three substitutions during a game and a fourth substitute during extra time, although more substitutions are often permitted in non-competitive fixtures such as friendlies. A fourth substitution in extra time was first implemented in recent tournaments, including the 2016 Summer Olympic Games, the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup and the 2017 CONCACAF Gold Cup final. A fourth substitute in extra time has been approved for use in the elimination rounds at the 2018 FIFA World Cup, the UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Europa League. Each team nominates a number of players (typically between five and seven, depending on the competition) who may be used as substitutes; these players typically sit in the technical area with the coaches, and are said to be ``on the bench''. When the substitute enters the field of play it is said they have come on or have been brought on, while the player they are substituting is coming off or being brought off.\n question: can a player be substituted twice in football?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Most competitions only allow each team to make a maximum of three substitutions during a game and a fourth substitute during extra time, although more substitutions are often permitted in non-competitive fixtures such as friendlies. A fourth substitution in extra time was first implemented in recent tournaments, including the 2016 Summer Olympic Games, the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup and the 2017 CONCACAF Gold Cup final. A fourth substitute in extra time has been approved for use in the elimination rounds at the 2018 FIFA World Cup, the UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Europa League. Each team nominates a number of players (typically between five and seven, depending on the competition) who may be used as substitutes; these players typically sit in the technical area with the coaches, and are said to be ``on the bench''. When the substitute enters the field of play it is said they have come on or have been brought on, while the player they are substituting is coming off or being brought off.\n question: is there an extra sub in extra time?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: In association football, a substitute is a player who is brought on to the pitch during a match in exchange for an existing player. Substitutions are generally made to replace a player who has become tired or injured, or who is performing poorly, or for tactical reasons (such as bringing a striker on in place of a defender). Unlike some sports (such as American football or ice hockey), a player who has been substituted during a match may take no further part in it.\n question: if you get subbed out in soccer can you come back in?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The first season premiered on Netflix on June 10, 2016, and consisted of 13 episodes. The series has a 78-episode commitment from Netflix. It has been released globally in United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, France, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Scandinavia, Benelux Union and Latin America. The second season premiered on Netflix on January 20, 2017, and consisted of 13 episodes. The third season premiered on Netflix on August 4, 2017, and consisted of 7 episodes while the fourth season premiered on October 13, 2017, and consisted of 6 episodes. The fifth season premiered on March 2, 2018, and consists of six episodes. The sixth season premiered on June 15, 2018 and consists of seven episodes. A seventh season is scheduled to be released on August 10, 2018. The series' success has spawned several comics, action figures, and other toys. The series will come to an end after season 8.\n question: is season 6 of voltron the last one?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Star vs. the Forces of Evil typically follows a format of two 11-minutes long independent ``segments'' per episode, with individual writing and directing credits for each, although it occasionally opts for a single, 22-minutes long story instead. The first episode aired on January 18, 2015 on Disney Channel as a special preview, becoming the most-watched animated series debut in Disney XD's history; the first season subsequently officially premiered on Disney XD on March 30, 2015. The third season started on July 15, 2017 and concluded on April 7, 2018. On February 28, 2017, the series was officially renewed for a fourth season. Nearly a year after the renewal, it was announced that the show would be moving to Disney Channel for its fourth season.\n question: has star vs the forces of evil ended?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The first season was released on Netflix on July 15, 2016. It received critical acclaim for its characterization, pacing, atmosphere, acting, soundtrack, directing, writing, and homages to 1980s genre films. The series has received several industry nominations and awards, including winning the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series in 2016, and receiving eighteen nominations for the 69th Primetime Emmy Awards, including Outstanding Drama Series. On August 31, 2016, Netflix renewed the series for a second season of nine episodes, which was released on October 27, 2017. In December 2017, Netflix ordered a third season. The Duffer Brothers intend to conclude Stranger Things with a fourth or fifth season.\n question: is there going to be a season 3 of stranger thingd?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Second only to members of the family Proteaceae, melaleucas are an important food source for nectarivorous insects, birds, and mammals. Many are popular garden plants, either for their attractive flowers or as dense screens; and a few have economic value for producing fencing and oils such as ``tea tree'' oil. Most melaleucas are endemic to Australia, with a few also occurring in Malesia. Seven are endemic to New Caledonia, and one is found only on (Australia's) Lord Howe Island. Melaleucas are found in a wide variety of habitats. Many are adapted for life in swamps and boggy places, while others thrive in the poorest of sandy soils or on the edge of saltpans. Some have a wide distribution and are common, whilst others are rare and endangered. Land clearing, exotic myrtle rust, and especially draining and clearing of swamps threaten many species.\n question: is tea tree oil and melaluca the same?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Tea tree oil, also known as melaleuca oil or ti tree oil, is an essential oil with a fresh camphoraceous odor and a colour that ranges from pale yellow to nearly colourless and clear. It is from the leaves of the tea tree, Melaleuca alternifolia, native to Southeast Queensland and the Northeast coast of New South Wales, Australia.\n question: is melaleuca and tea tree the same thing?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Cicuta, commonly known as water hemlock, is a small genus of four species of highly poisonous plants in the family Apiaceae. They are perennial herbaceous plants which grow up to 2.5 meters (8.2 ft) tall, having distinctive small green or white flowers arranged in an umbrella shape (umbel). Plants in this genus may also be referred to as cowbane or poison parsnip. Cicuta is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, mainly North America and Europe, typically growing in wet meadows, along streambanks and other wet and marshy areas. These plants bear a close resemblance to other members in the family Apiaceae and may be confused with a number of other edible and poisonous plants. The common name hemlock may also be confused with poison hemlock (Conium maculatum), or with the Hemlock tree.\n question: is water hemlock the same as poison hemlock?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Xbox 360 gaming console has received updates from Microsoft since its launch in 2005 that enable it to play select games from its predecessor, Xbox. The Xbox 360 launched with backward compatibility with the number of supported Xbox games varying depending on region. Microsoft continued to updated the list of Xbox games that were compatible with Xbox 360 until November 2007 when the list was finalized. Microsoft later launched the Xbox Originals program on December 7, 2007 where select backward compatible Xbox games could be purchased digitally on Xbox 360 consoles with the program ending less than two years later in June 2009. The following is a list of all backward compatible games on Xbox 360 available on physical and digital media.\n question: will xbox 1 games play on xbox 360?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Xbox 360 gaming console has received updates from Microsoft since its launch in 2005 that enable it to play select games from its predecessor, Xbox. The Xbox 360 launched with backward compatibility with the number of supported Xbox games varying depending on region. Microsoft continued to updated the list of Xbox games that were compatible with Xbox 360 until November 2007 when the list was finalized. Microsoft later launched the Xbox Originals program on December 7, 2007 where select backward compatible Xbox games could be purchased digitally on Xbox 360 consoles with the program ending less than two years later in June 2009. The following is a list of all backward compatible games on Xbox 360 available on physical and digital media.\n question: can you play regular xbox games on an xbox 360?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Not all Xbox 360 games will be supported; 104 Xbox 360 games were available for the feature's public launch on November 12, 2015 with Xbox One preview program members getting early access. Microsoft stated that publishers will only need to provide permission to the company to allow the repackaging, and they expect the list to grow significantly over time. Unlike the emulation of original Xbox games on the Xbox 360, the Xbox One does not require game modification, since it emulates an exact replica of its predecessor's environment -- both hardware and software operating systems. The downloaded game is a repackaged version of the original that identifies itself as an Xbox One title to the console. At Gamescom, Microsoft revealed it has plans to ensure ``all future Xbox 360 Games with Gold titles will be playable on Xbox One.'' On December 17, 2015 Microsoft made another sixteen Xbox 360 games compatible with Xbox One, including titles such as Halo: Reach, Fable III and Deus Ex: Human Revolution. On January 21, 2016, Microsoft made another ten Xbox 360 games compatible, including The Witcher 2: Assassins of Kings and Counter-Strike: Global Offensive. On May 13, 2016, Microsoft made Xbox 360 titles with multiple discs compatible, starting with Deus Ex: Human Revolution Director's Cut.\n question: will xbox one play all xbox 360 games?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Just Dance Unlimited is a subscription-based service for accessing a streaming library of songs from previous Just Dance games, and new songs that are exclusive to the service. A three-month subscription to Just Dance Unlimited is included as part of the game. All exclusive tracks (except tracks restricted to only Just Dance 2018 for the time being) are also playable on Just Dance 2016 and Just Dance 2017's Just Dance Unlimited. The 2018 game supports Just Dance Unlimited on PlayStation 4, Xbox One, Wii U, and Nintendo Switch.\n question: can you add songs to just dance 2018?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Three downloadable content (DLC) add-ons were released--Dawnguard, Hearthfire, and Dragonborn--which were repackaged into The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim -- Legendary Edition and released in June 2013. The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim -- Special Edition is a re-mastered version of the game released for Windows, Xbox One, and PlayStation 4 in October 2016. It includes all three DLC expansions and a graphical upgrade, along with additional features such as modding capabilities on consoles. Versions were released in November 2017 for the Nintendo Switch and PlayStation VR, and a stand-alone virtual reality (VR) version for Windows was released in April 2018.\n question: is all dlc included in skyrim special edition?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The game was announced to be published by Rooster Teeth Games for several consoles sometimes around in 2018 including PlayStation 4, Xbox One, New Nintendo 3DS, and Nintendo Switch.,\n question: can you play bendy and the ink machine on ps4?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Ann Inc. is an American group of specialty apparel retail chain stores for women. The company headquartered in New York City and currently operates as a subsidiary of Ascena Retail Group. The stores offer classic styled suits, separates, dresses, shoes and accessories. The brand is marketed under five divisions: Ann Taylor, Loft, Lou & Grey, Ann Taylor Factory and Loft Outlet.\n question: is loft the same as ann taylor loft?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Abercrombie & Fitch (A&F) is an American retailer that focuses on upscale casual wear for people aged 21 to 24; its headquarters are in New Albany, Ohio. The company operates 1,049 stores across all three brands. The company operates two other offshoot brands: Abercrombie Kids & Hollister Co.\n question: is abercrombie and fitch and hollister the same company?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Ann Inc. is an American group of specialty apparel retail chain stores for women. The company headquartered in New York City and currently operates as a subsidiary of Ascena Retail Group. The stores offer classic styled suits, separates, dresses, shoes and accessories. The brand is marketed under five divisions: Ann Taylor, Loft, Lou & Grey, Ann Taylor Factory and Loft Outlet.\n question: is ann taylor and the loft the same store?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The third season of the animated television series Rick and Morty originally aired in the United States on Cartoon Network's late night programming block, Adult Swim. It premiered with ``The Rickshank Rickdemption,'' which aired unannounced on April 1, 2017 and was replayed every half hour from 8pm to 12am ET, as part of Adult Swim's annual April Fools' prank. The episode was also simulcast as a looping live stream on Adult Swim's site. The remaining episodes began airing on July 30, 2017. The season will feature a total of 10 episodes.\n question: is there going to be a third season of rick and morty?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The third season of the animated television series Rick and Morty originally aired in the United States on Cartoon Network's late night programming block, Adult Swim. It premiered with ``The Rickshank Rickdemption'', which aired unannounced on April 1, 2017 as part of Adult Swim's annual April Fools' prank. The remaining episodes began airing weekly four months later, on July 30, 2017. The season concluded on October 1, 2017 and consisted of ten episodes.\n question: is all of rick and morty season 3 out?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Parks and Recreation is an American political satire television sitcom created by Greg Daniels and Michael Schur. The series aired on NBC from April 9, 2009 to February 24, 2015, for 125 episodes, over seven seasons. The series stars Amy Poehler as Leslie Knope, a perky, mid-level bureaucrat in the Parks Department of Pawnee, a fictional town in Indiana. The ensemble and supporting cast featured Rashida Jones as Ann Perkins, Paul Schneider as Mark Brendanawicz, Aziz Ansari as Tom Haverford, Nick Offerman as Ron Swanson, Aubrey Plaza as April Ludgate-Dwyer (née Ludgate), Chris Pratt as Andy Dwyer, Adam Scott as Ben Wyatt, Rob Lowe as Chris Traeger, Jim O'Heir as Garry ``Jerry'', ``Larry'', or ``Terry'' Gergich, Retta as Donna Meagle, and Billy Eichner as Craig Middlebrooks.\n question: will there be a parks and rec season 8?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Leaning Tower of Pisa (Italian: Torre pendente di Pisa) or simply the Tower of Pisa (Torre di Pisa (ˈtorre di ˈpiːza)) is the campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of the cathedral of the Italian city of Pisa, known worldwide for its unintended tilt. The tower is situated behind the Pisa Cathedral and is the third oldest structure in the city's Cathedral Square (Piazza del Duomo), after the cathedral and the Pisa Baptistry.\n question: was the leaning tower of pisa built to lean?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Leaning Tower of Pisa (Italian: Torre pendente di Pisa) or simply the Tower of Pisa (Torre di Pisa (ˈtorre di ˈpiːza)) is the campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of the cathedral of the Italian city of Pisa, known worldwide for its unintended tilt. The tower is situated behind the Pisa Cathedral and is the third oldest structure in the city's Cathedral Square (Piazza del Duomo), after the cathedral and the Pisa Baptistry.\n question: is the leaning tower of pisa in rome?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The tower's tilt began during construction in the 12th century, caused by an inadequate foundation on ground too soft on one side to properly support the structure's weight. The tilt increased in the decades before the structure was completed in the 14th century. It gradually increased until the structure was stabilized (and the tilt partially corrected) by efforts in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.\n question: has the leaning tower of pisa always been leaning?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Wall's was founded in 1786 by Richard Wall, when he opened a butcher's stall in St James's Market, London. In the 1900s the business was led by Richard's grandson Thomas Wall II. Every year the company had to lay off staff in the summer as demand for its sausages, pies and meat fell, so in 1913 Thomas Wall II conceived the idea of making ice cream in the summer to avoid those lay-offs; the First World War meant that his idea was not implemented until 1922. Following his retirement in 1920, Thomas Wall II created his Trust for the ``encouragement and assistance of educational work and social service''. Today, the Trust continues to assist in these areas by providing grants to individuals and organisations.\n question: is walls ice cream and walls sausages the same company?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Hershey Creamery Company, also known as Hershey's Ice Cream, is a creamery that produces Hershey's brand ice cream, sorbet, sherbet, and frozen yogurt, and other frozen treats such as smoothies and frozen slab style ice cream mixers. Founded by Jacob Hershey and four of his brothers in 1894 (all of whom have no relation to Milton S. Hershey and the chocolate company that he founded, also in 1894), it was taken over by the Holder family in the 1920s. The company was one of the first to offer consumers pre-packaged ice cream pints. In 1998, it modernized its operations to increase efficiency and reduce overhead. With their shared names and cities of origin, Hershey Creamery and Hershey Company have had a tumultuous relationship marked by multiple lawsuits over trademark issues. In the mid-1990s, the companies settled their most recent legal battles out of court, with the creamery agreeing to add a disclaimer to its ice cream products to note that it is not affiliated with The Hershey Company.\n question: is hershey ice cream made by hershey chocolate?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Davenport had visited White Castle restaurants, taking notes of successful features, before setting forth on his own venture. Davenport and Sherrill set up the first Krystal at the corner of 7th and Cherry Streets in Chattanooga. The first Krystal was a modular building constructed in Chicago and shipped to Chattanooga for final installation. The oldest Krystal still in operation is located on Cherokee Boulevard in Chattanooga's Northshore District. Krystal is the seventh or eighth-oldest hamburger chain in the United States (the oldest being White Castle) and the oldest in the South.\n question: is white castle and krystal the same company?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Oregon is a shall-issue concealed-carry state. and is notable for having very few restrictions on where a concealed firearm may be carried. Oregon also has statewide preemption for its concealed-carry laws--with limited exceptions, counties and cities cannot place limits on the ability of people to carry concealed weapons beyond those provided by state law.\n question: is it legal to carry a gun in your car in oregon?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Ohio is a traditional open-carry state. The open-carry of firearms by those who legally possess the firearm is a legal activity in Ohio with or without a license. One need not have a concealed handgun license (CHL, CCW) to transport an unloaded handgun in a motor vehicle but it must be secured/contained and located in the vehicle requiring an exit of said vehicle to access it. Ammunition and magazines must be in a separate compartment or holding device. Note: If you have any alcohol in your system it is illegal to possess a firearm in your vehicle or on your person.\n question: can you open carry in the state of ohio?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Firearms are prohibited from certain places, including demonstrations. Possession of firearms is prohibited on the premises of public schools by persons with intent to do bodily harm and those who do not have an Alabama Pistol Permit. Open carry on foot is generally allowed without a license, withstanding other applicable laws. As of Aug. 1, 2013, transportation of an unloaded handgun in a vehicle is allowed without an Alabama Pistol Permit if you are legally permitted to possess the handgun, and the handgun is locked away from immediate reach of all passengers. Carrying a handgun on premises that are not owned or under the control of the possessor is prohibited unless the person has a valid concealed handgun license.\n question: is it legal to carry a loaded gun in your car in alabama?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Mexico (Spanish: México (ˈmexiko) ( listen); Nahuatl languages: Mēxihco), officially the United Mexican States (Spanish: Estados Unidos Mexicanos, listen (help info)), is a federal republic in the southernmost portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and to the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost 2,000,000 square kilometres (770,000 sq mi), the nation is the fifth largest country in the Americas by total area and the 13th largest independent state in the world.\n question: is mexico a part of the united states?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Texas (/ˈtɛksəs/, locally /-səz/; Spanish: Texas or Tejas (ˈtexas)) is the second largest state in the United States by both area and population. Geographically located in the South Central region of the country, Texas shares borders with the U.S. states of Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the west, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the southwest, while the Gulf of Mexico is to the southeast.\n question: is texas the largest state in the us?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Gulf of Mexico (Spanish: Golfo de México) is an ocean basin and a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean, largely surrounded by the North American continent. It is bounded on the northeast, north and northwest by the Gulf Coast of the United States, on the southwest and south by Mexico, and on the southeast by Cuba. The U.S. states of Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida border the Gulf on the north, which are often referred to as the ``Third Coast'', in comparison with the U.S. Atlantic and Pacific coasts.\n question: is the gulf of mexico part of an ocean?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The alcohol laws of the United States regarding minimum age for purchase have changed over time. The history is given in the table below. Unless otherwise noted, if different alcohol categories have different minimum purchase ages, the age listed below is set at the lowest age given (e.g. if the purchase age is 18 for beer and 21 for wine or spirits, as was the case in several states, the age in the table will read as ``18'', not ``21''). In addition, the purchase age is not necessarily the same as the minimum age for consumption of alcoholic beverages, although they have often been the same.\n question: is the drinking age 21 in all us states?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: From 1976 to 1983, several states voluntarily raised their purchase ages to 19 (or, less commonly, 20 or 21), in part to combat drunk driving fatalities. In 1984, Congress passed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act, which required states to raise their ages for purchase and public possession to 21 by October 1986 or lose 10% of their federal highway funds. By mid-1988, all 50 states and the District of Columbia had raised their purchase ages to 21 (but not Puerto Rico, Guam, or the Virgin Islands, see Additional Notes below). South Dakota and Wyoming were the final two states to comply with the age 21 mandate. The current drinking age of 21 remains a point of contention among many Americans, because of it being higher than the age of majority (18 in most states) and higher than the drinking ages of most other countries. The National Minimum Drinking Age Act is also seen as a congressional sidestep of the tenth amendment. Although debates have not been highly publicized, a few states have proposed legislation to lower their drinking age, while Guam has raised its drinking age to 21 in July 2010.\n question: is the drinking age different in every state?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: From 1976 to 1983, several states voluntarily raised their purchase ages to 19 (or, less commonly, 20 or 21), in part to combat drunk driving fatalities. In 1984, Congress passed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act, which required states to raise their ages for purchase and public possession to 21 by October 1986 or lose 10% of their federal highway funds. By mid-1988, all 50 states and the District of Columbia had raised their purchase ages to 21 (but not Puerto Rico, Guam, or the Virgin Islands, see Additional Notes below). South Dakota and Wyoming were the final two states to comply with the age 21 mandate. The current drinking age of 21 remains a point of contention among many Americans, because of it being higher than the age of majority (18 in most states) and higher than the drinking ages of most other countries. The National Minimum Drinking Age Act is also seen as a congressional sidestep of the tenth amendment. Although debates have not been highly publicized, a few states have proposed legislation to lower their drinking age, while Guam has raised its drinking age to 21 in July 2010.\n question: is the legal drinking age the same in every state?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: On April 5, 2007, The Buffalo News reported that as a result of falling out of a hammock in 2001, Dobler's wife Joy became a paraplegic. Substantial medical bills for Joy's care put the Dobler family in such financial hardship that they could no longer pay for their academically gifted daughter Holli or their son Stephen to attend college. Champion golfer and philanthropist Phil Mickelson heard of the situation on ESPN and volunteered to pay for Holli's education at Miami University in Ohio and Stephen's at the University of Kansas in Lawrence. On June 21, 2018 Dobler will be enshrined into the National Polish-American Sports Hall of Fame in Troy, Michigan.\n question: is conrad dobler in the hall of fame?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The tournament has a number of traditions. Since 1949, a green jacket has been awarded to the champion, who must return it to the clubhouse one year after his victory, although it remains his personal property and is stored with other champions' jackets in a specially designated cloakroom. In most instances, only a first-time and currently reigning champion may remove his jacket from the club grounds. A golfer who wins the event multiple times uses the same green jacket awarded upon his initial win (unless he needs to be re-fitted with a new jacket). The Champions Dinner, inaugurated by Ben Hogan in 1952, is held on the Tuesday before each tournament, and is open only to past champions and certain board members of the Augusta National Golf Club. Beginning in 1963, legendary golfers, usually past champions, have hit an honorary tee shot on the morning of the first round to commence play. These have included Fred McLeod, Jock Hutchinson, Gene Sarazen, Sam Snead, Byron Nelson, Arnold Palmer, Jack Nicklaus, and Gary Player. Since 1960, a semi-social contest at the par-3 course has been played on Wednesday, the day before the first round.\n question: do you get a new green jacket every time you win the masters?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Mize retired in 1953 with 359 career home runs and a .312 batting average. He served as a radio commentator, scout and coach in the major leagues after he retired as a player. He was selected for induction to the Baseball Hall of Fame by the Veterans Committee in 1981. In 2014, he was inducted into the St. Louis Cardinals Hall of Fame Museum.\n question: is johnny mize in the hall of fame?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The United States as a whole has up to 18,000 wolves, about two thirds of which are in Alaska. They are increasing in number in all their ranges. Usually, however, wolves in the United States are mostly seen during the winter months in northern Minnesota, northern Wisconsin, Michigan's Upper Peninsula, and portions of Washington, Idaho, northern Oregon, and Montana, as the majority of wolf populations migrate from Canada to the Northwestern states & some of the Midwestern and Great Lakes States during the winter months for the competition over eating bison, elk, white tailed deer and other large ungulates, disputed between other carnivores such as grizzly bear, cougar, and coyote. Wolf recovery has been so successful that the United States Fish & Wildlife Service removed the western gray wolf from the federal endangered species list on March 28, 2008. Due to the controversy over wolf shootings, a coalition of environmental groups sued the federal government to put the gray wolf back on the Endangered Species list. On July 18, 2008, a federal judge ruled in favor of renewed endangered species protection. Alaska has a stable population of 10,500-12,000 wolves, which are legally hunted from August to April ( in deer-rich areas ) as a big game species.\n question: are there any wolves in the united states?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The gray wolf (Canis lupus), also known as the timber wolf, western wolf, or simply, wolf, is a canine native to the wilderness and remote areas of Eurasia and North America. It is the largest extant member of its family, with males averaging 43--45 kg (95--99 lb) and females 36--38.5 kg (79--85 lb). Like the red wolf, it is distinguished from other Canis species by its larger size and less pointed features, particularly on the ears and muzzle. Its winter fur is long and bushy and predominantly a mottled gray in color, although nearly pure white, red, and brown to black also occur. Mammal Species of the World (3rd ed., 2005), a standard reference work in zoology, recognises 38 subspecies of C. lupus..\n question: is a timber wolf the same as a gray wolf?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: One of the issues that many researchers and wolfdog communities are faced with is identifying wolfdogs from pure dogs and gray wolf subspecies. The most common method used by various wolfdog communities is phenotyping, a method that involves observing the animal's physical features. This method is often favoured for many in determining the degree of wolf and northern spitz-type dog that is in a wolfdog. However, a lot of criticisms have been made by opponents within some communities who tend to point out that phenotyping cannot always determine the wolf-contents accurately. Another challenge involves determining exactly the domestic breeds and wolf subspecies involved in the admixture due to the fact that dogs are known to come in various breeds while gray wolves in turn come in various subspecies with many different regional ecotypes hence have different physical features depending on the subspecies used in the breeding. Although wolves are often mixed with spitz types such as Siberian Huskies, Alaskan Malamutes, and German Shepherds, admixture between wolves with non-Spitz type dogs such as Poodles, Pit bulls, and Great Pyrenees also exist, the latter wolfdogs often having less lupine features.\n question: is a german shepherd considered a wolf hybrid?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The red-eared slider originated from the area around the Mississippi River and the Gulf of Mexico, in warm climates in the southeastern United States. Their native areas range from the southeast of Colorado to Virginia and Florida. In nature, they inhabit areas with a source of still, warm water, such as ponds, lakes, swamps, creeks, streams, or slow-flowing rivers. They live in areas of calm water where they are able to leave the water easily by climbing onto rocks or tree trunks so they can warm up in the sun. Individuals are often found sunbathing in a group or even on top of each other. They also require abundant aquatic plants, as these are the adults' main food, although they are omnivores. Turtles in the wild always remain close to water unless they are searching for a new habitat or when females leave the water to lay their eggs.\n question: can red eared sliders live in the ocean?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The turtle's shell is covered in scutes that are made of keratin. The individual scutes as shown above have specific names and are generally consistent across the various species of turtles. Terrestrial tortoises do not shed their scutes. New scutes grow by the addition of keratin layers to the base of each scute. Aquatic chelonii shed individual scutes. The scute effectively forms the skin over the underlying bony structures; there is a very thin layer of subcutaneous tissue between the scute and the skeleton. The scutes can be brightly colored in some species, but the basal color is a grey to dark brown color dorsally; the plastral scutes are often white to yellow in base color. A turtle's shell consists of three rows of scutes, numbering 4, 9, and 25 from the inside out. These are the squares of the first three prime numbers, viz. 2, 3, and 5. Moustakas-Verho and Cherepanov's embryological study reveals that the patterning of the plastral scutes appear independent from the patterning of carapacial scutes, suggesting that the carapace and plastron evolved separately.\n question: does a turtle grow out of its shell?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The red-eared slider originated from the area around the Mississippi River and the Gulf of Mexico, in warm climates in the southeastern United States. Their native areas range from the southeast of Colorado to Virginia and Florida. In nature, they inhabit areas with a source of still, warm water, such as ponds, lakes, swamps, creeks, streams, or slow-flowing rivers. They live in areas of calm water where they are able to leave the water easily by climbing onto rocks or tree trunks so they can warm up in the sun. Individuals are often found sunbathing in a group or even on top of each other. They also require abundant aquatic plants, as these are the adults' main food, although they are omnivores. Turtles in the wild always remain close to water unless they are searching for a new habitat or when females leave the water to lay their eggs.\n question: can red eared sliders live in the wild?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The U.S. Constitution uses but does not define the phrase ``natural born Citizen'', and various opinions have been offered over time regarding its precise meaning. The consensus of early 21st-century constitutional scholars, together with relevant case law, is that natural-born citizens include, subject to exceptions, those born in the United States. Many scholars have also concluded that those who meet the legal requirements for U.S. citizenship ``at the moment of birth'', regardless of place of birth, are also natural-born citizens. Every president to date was either a citizen at the adoption of the Constitution in 1789 or was born in the United States; of these there have been seven that had at least one parent who was not born on U.S. soil.\n question: do you have to be born in the us to be the president?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The U.S. Constitution uses but does not define the phrase ``natural born Citizen'', and various opinions have been offered over time regarding its precise meaning. The consensus of early 21st-century constitutional scholars, together with relevant case law, is that natural-born citizens include, subject to exceptions, those born in the United States. Many scholars have also concluded that those who meet the legal requirements for U.S. citizenship ``at the moment of birth'', regardless of place of birth, are also natural-born citizens. Every president to date was either a citizen at the adoption of the Constitution in 1789 or was born in the United States; of these there have been seven that had at least one parent who was not born on U.S. soil.\n question: can a president be born outside the us?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Status as a natural-born citizen of the United States is one of the eligibility requirements established in the United States Constitution for holding the office of President or Vice President. This requirement was intended to protect the nation from foreign influence.\n question: can a foreign born person run for president?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: In statistics and epidemiology, relative risk or risk ratio (RR) is the ratio of the probability of an event occurring (for example, developing a disease, being injured) in an exposed group to the probability of the event occurring in a comparison, non-exposed group. Relative risk includes two important features: (i) a comparison of risk between two ``exposures'' puts risks in context, and (ii) ``exposure'' is ensured by having proper denominators for each group representing the exposure.\n question: is relative risk and risk ratio the same?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The MSE is the second moment (about the origin) of the error, and thus incorporates both the variance of the estimator and its bias. For an unbiased estimator, the MSE is the variance of the estimator. Like the variance, MSE has the same units of measurement as the square of the quantity being estimated. In an analogy to standard deviation, taking the square root of MSE yields the root-mean-square error or root-mean-square deviation (RMSE or RMSD), which has the same units as the quantity being estimated; for an unbiased estimator, the RMSE is the square root of the variance, known as the standard deviation.\n question: is root mean square error the same as standard deviation?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The margin of error is usually defined as the ``radius'' (or half the width) of a confidence interval for a particular statistic from a survey. One example is the percent of people who prefer product A versus product B. When a single, global margin of error is reported for a survey, it refers to the maximum margin of error for all reported percentages using the full sample from the survey. If the statistic is a percentage, this maximum margin of error can be calculated as the radius of the confidence interval for a reported percentage of 50%.\n question: is margin of error the same as confidence interval?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Voter registration (or enrollment) is the requirement that a person otherwise eligible to vote register (or enroll) on an electoral roll before they will be entitled or permitted to vote. Such enrollment may be automatic or may require application being made by the eligible voter. The rules governing registration vary between jurisdictions. Some jurisdictions have ``election day registration'' and others do not require registration, or may require production of evidence of entitlement to vote at time of voting. In some jurisdictions registration by those of voting age is compulsory, while in most it is optional. In jurisdictions where registration is voluntary, an effort may be made to encourage persons otherwise eligible to vote to register, in what is called as a voter registration drive.\n question: do you have to register in order to vote?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Selective Service System is an independent agency of the United States government that maintains information on those potentially subject to military conscription. Virtually all male U.S. citizens and male immigrant non-citizens between the ages of 18 and 25 are required by law to have registered within 30 days of their 18th birthdays and must notify Selective Service within ten days of any changes to any of the information they provided on their registration cards, like a change of address. A 2010 GAO report estimated the registration rate at 92% with the names and addresses of over 16.2 million men on file. However, the only audit of the addresses of registrants on file with the Selective Service System, in 1982, found that 20--40% of the addresses on file with the Selective Service System for registrants in the age groups that would be drafted first were already outdated, and up to 75% for those registrants in their last year of potential eligibility to be drafted would be invalid.\n question: are you required by law to register for selective service?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: A 2012 study by The Pew Charitable Trusts estimates that 24% of the voting-eligible population in the United States are not registered to vote, a percentage that represents ``at least 51 million eligible U.S. citizens.'' Numerous states had a history of creating barriers to voter registration through a variety of fees, literacy or comprehension tests, and record-keeping requirements that in practice discriminated against racial or ethnic minorities, language minorities, and other groups. The Voting Rights Act of 1965 forbade such abuses and authorized federal oversight in jurisdictions of historic under-representation of certain groups. States continue to develop new practices that may discriminate against certain populations. By August 2016, federal rulings in five cases have overturned all or parts of voter registration or voter ID laws in Ohio, Texas, North Carolina, Wisconsin, and North Dakota that were found to place undue burden on minorities and other groups among voters. The states are required to offer alternatives for the November 2016 elections; many of these cases are expected to reach the US Supreme Court for additional hearings.\n question: is there a fee to register to vote?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: All previously opened containers of alcoholic beverages must be stored and transported in a vehicle's trunk or other storage to which the driver and or any passengers do not have access.\n question: can you drink alcohol in public in texas?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: All previously opened containers of alcoholic beverages must be stored and transported in a vehicle's trunk or other storage to which the driver and or any passengers do not have access.\n question: can you drink in your car in texas?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Carrying a hip flask filled with alcohol in a public place is illegal in many locations in the United States due to open container laws. These laws prohibit possession of an unsealed container of alcohol in public or within the passenger compartment of a vehicle.\n question: does a flask count as an open container?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: A sheep in its first year is called a lamb, and its meat is also called lamb. The meat of a juvenile sheep older than one year is hogget; outside the USA this is also a term for the living animal. The meat of an adult sheep is mutton, a term only used for the meat, not the living animals. In the Indian subcontinent the term mutton is also used to refer to goat meat.\n question: is a sheep the same as a lamb?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: A sheep--goat hybrid (called a geep in popular media or sometimes a shoat) is the hybrid offspring of a sheep and a goat. Although sheep and goats seem similar and can be mated, they belong to different genera in the subfamily Caprinae of the family Bovidae. Sheep belong to the genus Ovis and have 54 chromosomes, while goats belong to the genus Capra and have 60 chromosomes. The offspring of a sheep-goat pairing is generally stillborn. Despite widespread shared pasturing of goats and sheep, hybrids are very rare, indicating the genetic distance between the two species. Though sometimes called ``geep'', they are not to be confused with sheep--goat chimera, which are artificially created by combining the embryos of a goat and a sheep.\n question: are goats and sheep in the same family?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Domestic sheep (Ovis aries) are quadrupedal, ruminant mammal typically kept as livestock. Like most ruminants, sheep are members of the order Artiodactyla, the even-toed ungulates. Although the name sheep applies to many species in the genus Ovis, in everyday usage it almost always refers to Ovis aries. Numbering a little over one billion, domestic sheep are also the most numerous species of sheep. An adult female sheep is referred to as a ewe (/juː/), an intact male as a ram or occasionally a tup, a castrated male as a wether, and a younger sheep as a lamb.\n question: is a ram and a lamb the same thing?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Permits issued in New York are valid statewide, except in NYC, unless validated by the NYC police commissioner. A NYC concealed carry license is valid throughout the state. NY Penal Code 400 (6).\n question: can you have a concealed weapon in new york?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Two types of pistol permits can be issued: possess on premises and concealed carry. Concealed carry permits may be restricted, but restrictions do not have the force of law. Permits issued outside of NYC are not valid in NYC unless a special license is issued granting validity.\n question: can you get a concealed carry permit in ny?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Restrictions on handgun licenses in New York vary greatly from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. In contrast to ``no carry'' New York City, and some counties which only issue ``to and from target shooting and hunting'' licenses, many upstate counties issue unrestricted pistol licenses that allow unrestricted concealed carry of a loaded handgun (except at schools, court houses or courtrooms, and secure areas of airports).\n question: can you carry a gun in new york city?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The United States two-dollar bill ($2) is a current denomination of U.S. currency. The third U.S. President (1801--09), Thomas Jefferson, is featured on the obverse of the note. The reverse features an engraving of the painting The Declaration of Independence by John Trumbull. Throughout the $2 bill's pre-1929 life as a large-sized note, it was issued as a United States Note, National Bank Note, silver certificate, Treasury or ``Coin'' Note and Federal Reserve Bank Note. When U.S. currency was changed to its current size, the $2 bill was issued only as a United States Note. Production went on until 1966, when the series was discontinued. Ten years passed before the $2 bill was reissued as a Federal Reserve Note with a new reverse design. Two-dollar bills are seldom seen in circulation as a result of banking policies with businesses which has resulted in low production numbers due to lack of demand. This comparative scarcity in circulation, coupled with a lack of public knowledge that the bill is still in production and circulation, has also inspired urban legends about its authenticity and value and has occasionally created problems for those trying to use the bill to make purchases.\n question: is the 2 dollar bill still in circulation?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The United States two-dollar bill ($2) is a current denomination of U.S. currency. The third U.S. President (1801--09), Thomas Jefferson, is featured on the obverse of the note. The reverse features an engraving of the painting The Declaration of Independence by John Trumbull. Throughout the $2 bill's pre-1929 life as a large-sized note, it was issued as a United States Note, National Bank Note, silver certificate, Treasury or ``Coin'' Note and Federal Reserve Bank Note. When U.S. currency was changed to its current size, the $2 bill was issued only as a United States Note. Production went on until 1966, when the series was discontinued. Ten years passed before the $2 bill was reissued as a Federal Reserve Note with a new reverse design. Two-dollar bills are seldom seen in circulation as a result of banking policies with businesses which has resulted in low production numbers due to lack of demand. This comparative scarcity in circulation, coupled with a lack of public knowledge that the bill is still in production and circulation, has also inspired urban legends about its authenticity and value and has occasionally created problems for those trying to use the bill to make purchases.\n question: is the us 2 dollar bill still in circulation?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Though not commonly used today, half dollar coins have a long history of heavy use alongside other denominations of coinage, but have faded out of general circulation for many reasons. They were produced in fairly large quantities until the year 2002, when the U.S. Mint ceased production of the coin for general circulation. As a result of its decreasing usage, a large amount of pre-2002 half dollars remain in Federal Reserve vaults, prompting the change in production. Presently, collector half dollars can be ordered directly from the U.S. Mint, and pre-2002 circulation half dollars may be ordered through most U.S. banks.\n question: do they still make the 50 cent coin?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The large intestine, also known as the large bowel or colon, is the last part of the gastrointestinal tract and of the digestive system in vertebrates. Water is absorbed here and the remaining waste material is stored as feces before being removed by defecation.\n question: is the colon the same as large intestine?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The large intestine, also known as the large bowel or colon, is the last part of the gastrointestinal tract and of the digestive system in vertebrates. Water is absorbed here and the remaining waste material is stored as feces before being removed by defecation.\n question: is the large intestine also called the colon?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The lower gastrointestinal tract includes most of the small intestine and all of the large intestine. In human anatomy, the intestine (bowel, or gut. Greek: éntera) is the segment of the gastrointestinal tract extending from the pyloric sphincter of the stomach to the anus and, as in other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine. In humans, the small intestine is further subdivided into the duodenum, jejunum and ileum while the large intestine is subdivided into the, cecum, ascending, transverse, descending and sigmoid colon, rectum, and anal canal.\n question: is the small intestine part of the upper gi tract?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The TJX Companies, Inc. (NYSE: TJX) is an American multinational off-price department store corporation, headquartered in Framingham, Massachusetts. It remained from the original Zayre Corp. that was established in 1956. Of its banners, HomeGoods, TJ Maxx, and Sierra Trading Post operate in the United States; Winners operates in Canada; and HomeSense, Marshalls, and TK Maxx operate in multiple countries.\n question: are tj maxx and marshalls the same company?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: In 1976, T.J. Maxx was founded in Framingham, Massachusetts, United States, by Bernard Cammarata. The first European store opened in Bristol in 1994. The company modified the name to TK Maxx to avoid ``confusion with the established British retail chain T.J. Hughes (which is not affiliated with TJX)''.\n question: is tk maxx and tj maxx the same?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Target Corporation is the second-largest department store retailer in the United States, behind Walmart, and is a component of the S&P 500 Index. Founded by George Dayton and headquartered in Minneapolis, Minnesota, the company was originally named Goodfellow Dry Goods in June 1902 before being renamed the Dayton's Dry Goods Company in 1903 and later the Dayton Company in 1910. The first Target store opened in Roseville, Minnesota in 1962 while the parent company was renamed the Dayton Corporation in 1967. It became the Dayton-Hudson Corporation after merging with the J.L. Hudson Company in 1969 and held ownership of several department store chains including Dayton's, Hudson's, Marshall Field's, and Mervyn's.\n question: are target and macy's owned by the same company?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Numerous niche applications exploit the intense color of MG. It is used as a biological stain for microscopic analysis of cell biology and tissue samples. In the Gimenez staining method, basic fuchsin stains bacteria red or magenta, and malachite green is used as a blue-green counterstain. Malachite green is also used in endospore staining, since it can directly stain endospores within bacterial cells; here a safranin counterstain is often used. Malachite green can also be used as a saturable absorber in dye lasers, or as a pH indicator between pH 0.2--1.8. However, this use is relatively rare. Leuco-malachite green (LMG) is used as a detection method for latent blood in forensic science. Hemoglobin catalyzes the reaction between LMG and hydrogen peroxide, converting the colorless LMG into malachite green. Therefore, the appearance of a green color indicates the presence of blood.\n question: can malachite green be used as a counterstain?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Ninhydrin (2,2-dihydroxyindane-1,3-dione) is a chemical used to detect ammonia or primary and secondary amines. When reacting with these free amines, a deep blue or purple color known as Ruhemann's purple is produced. Ninhydrin is most commonly used to detect fingerprints, as the terminal amines of lysine residues in peptides and proteins sloughed off in fingerprints react with ninhydrin. It is a white solid which is soluble in ethanol and acetone at room temperature. Ninhydrin can be considered as the hydrate of indane-1,2,3-trione.\n question: can ninhydrin be a useful indicator of proteins?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Scratch hardness is the measure of how resistant a sample is to fracture or permanent plastic deformation due to friction from a sharp object. The principle is that an object made of a harder material will scratch an object made of a softer material. When testing coatings, scratch hardness refers to the force necessary to cut through the film to the substrate. The most common test is Mohs scale, which is used in mineralogy. One tool to make this measurement is the sclerometer.\n question: can a soft material scratch a hard material?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The White House is the official residence and workplace of the President of the United States. It is located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C. and has been the residence of every U.S. President since John Adams in 1800. The term, ``White House'', is often used as a metonym for the president and his advisers.\n question: does the us president live in the white house?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The White House is the official residence and workplace of the President of the United States. It is located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C. and has been the residence of every U.S. President since John Adams in 1800. The term is often used as a metonym for the president and his advisers.\n question: does the president live in the white house?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The White House is the official residence and workplace of the President of the United States. It is located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C., and has been the residence of every U.S. president since John Adams in 1800. The term White House is often used as a metonym for the president and his advisers, as in ``The White House announced that...''.\n question: is the white house in the state of washington?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The act provides specific protections to ``all unbranded and unclaimed horses and burros on public lands of the United States,'' and makes it a crime for anyone to harass or kill these animals on federal land. It requires the departments of the Interior and Agriculture to protect the animals. Beginning with its enactment, it required studies of the habits and habitats of free-ranging horses and burros, permitting public land to be set aside for their use. In addition, the act required that these horses and burros be protected as ``living symbols of the historic and pioneer spirit of the West'', The BLM was tasked with identification of the areas where free-roaming horses and burros were found, no there was no specific amount of acreage set aside, and the Act required management plans to ``maintain a thriving natural ecological balance among wild horse populations, wildlife, livestock, and vegetation and to protect the range from the deterioration associated with overpopulation.'' Although wild horse ranges were principally for the protection of the horses, the land was required to be maintained for multiple use. The BLM was also permitted to close public land to livestock grazing to protect wild horse and burro habitat.\n question: is it illegal to catch a wild horse?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The United States as a whole has up to 18,000 wolves, about two thirds of which are in Alaska. They are increasing in number in all their ranges. Usually, however, wolves in the United States are mostly seen during the winter months in northern Minnesota, northern Wisconsin, Michigan's Upper Peninsula, and portions of Washington, Idaho, northern Oregon, and Montana, as the majority of wolf populations migrate from Canada to the Northwestern states & some of the Midwestern and Great Lakes States during the winter months for the competition over eating bison, elk, white tailed deer and other large ungulates, disputed between other carnivores such as grizzly bear, cougar, and coyote. Wolf recovery has been so successful that the United States Fish & Wildlife Service removed the western gray wolf from the federal endangered species list on March 28, 2008. Due to the controversy over wolf shootings, a coalition of environmental groups sued the federal government to put the gray wolf back on the Endangered Species list. On July 18, 2008, a federal judge ruled in favor of renewed endangered species protection. Alaska has a stable population of 10,500-12,000 wolves, which are legally hunted from August to April ( in deer-rich areas ) as a big game species.\n question: are there any wolves in the united states?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Galápagos giant tortoise is now strictly protected and is listed on Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. The listing requires that trade in the taxon and its products is subject to strict regulation by ratifying states, and international trade for primarily commercial purposes is prohibited. In 1936, the Ecuadorian government listed the giant tortoise as a protected species. In 1959, it declared all uninhabited areas in the Galápagos to be a national park and established the Charles Darwin Foundation. In 1970, capturing or removing many species from the islands (including tortoises and their eggs) was banned. To halt trade in the tortoises altogether, it became illegal to export the tortoises from Ecuador, captive or wild, continental, or insular in provenance. The banning of their exportation resulted in automatic prohibition of importation to the United States under Public Law 91-135 (1969). A 1971 Ecuadorian decree made it illegal to damage, remove, alter, or disturb any organism, rock, or other natural object in the National Park.\n question: is it legal to own a galapagos tortoise?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Harry Potter and the Forbidden Journey uses KUKA robocoaster technology, which allows the seats to pivot while being held above the track by a robotic arm. However, the ride is not a roller coaster but a scenic dark ride. The experience includes a flight around Hogwarts castle, an encounter with the Whomping Willow and a horde of Dementors, and a Quidditch match. The ride drops, spins around, twists and turns, but does not turn upside down, though passengers sometimes lie flat on their backs. Over-the-shoulder bars are used to secure guests in their seats, and a single parabolic metal bar is used as a hand grip. At the conclusion of the ride, guests exit into Filch's Emporium of Confiscated Goods gift shop.\n question: harry potter forbidden journey does it go upside down?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Harry Potter and the Escape from Gringotts is an indoor steel roller coaster at Universal Studios Florida, a theme park located within the Universal Orlando Resort. Similar to dark rides, the roller coaster utilizes special effects in a controlled-lighting environment and also employs motion-based 3-D projection of both animation and live-action sequences to enhance the experience. The ride, which is themed to the Gringotts Wizarding Bank, became the flagship attraction for the expanded Wizarding World of Harry Potter when it opened on July 8, 2014.\n question: is escape from gringotts ride a roller coaster?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Harry Potter and the Forbidden Journey uses KUKA robocoaster technology, which allows the seats to pivot while being held above the track by a robotic arm. However, the ride is not a roller coaster but a scenic dark ride. The experience includes a flight around Hogwarts castle, an encounter with the Whomping Willow and a horde of Dementors, and a Quidditch match. The ride drops, spins around, twists and turns, but does not turn upside down, though passengers sometimes lie flat on their backs. Over-the-shoulder bars are used to secure guests in their seats, and a single parabolic metal bar is used as a hand grip. At the conclusion of the ride, guests exit into Filch's Emporium of Confiscated Goods gift shop.\n question: is the harry potter and the forbidden journey ride a roller coaster?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Upon its debut, the series received critical acclaim from television critics, with praise focusing on its mood and characters. In 2015, the series won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program. Outside of the series, a one-shot comic book adaptation penned by McHale has been produced, with four further issues commissioned. This was eventually expanded into an ongoing series.\n question: did over the garden wall win an emmy?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The first season was released on Netflix on July 15, 2016. It received critical acclaim for its characterization, pacing, atmosphere, acting, soundtrack, directing, writing, and homages to 1980s genre films. The series has received several industry nominations and awards, including winning the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series in 2016, and receiving eighteen nominations for the 69th Primetime Emmy Awards, including Outstanding Drama Series. On August 31, 2016, Netflix renewed the series for a second season of nine episodes, which was released on October 27, 2017. In December 2017, Netflix ordered a third season. The Duffer Brothers intend to conclude Stranger Things with a fourth or fifth season.\n question: is there going to be a stranger things season 4?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: DC's Legends of Tomorrow, or simply Legends of Tomorrow, is an American superhero television series developed by Greg Berlanti, Marc Guggenheim, Andrew Kreisberg, and Phil Klemmer, who are also executive producers along with Sarah Schechter and Chris Fedak; Klemmer and Fedak serve as showrunners. The series, based on the characters of DC Comics, airs on The CW and is a spin-off featuring characters introduced in Arrow and The Flash along with new characters, set in the Arrowverse, the same fictional universe. The series premiered in January 2016. Legends of Tomorrow was renewed for a fourth season in April 2018, which is set to premiere on October 22, 2018.\n question: is dc legends of tomorrow based on a comic?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Two years later, Ana and Christian have a son named Theodore Raymond Grey, nicknamed Teddy, and Ana is six months pregnant with their second child, a daughter whom they decide to name Phoebe. Elliot and Kate have married and have a two-month-old daughter named Ava. At the end, after having BDSM sex, Ana and Christian are getting ready to celebrate Teddy's second birthday with their family and friends.\n question: does anna have a baby in 50 shades freed?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Two years later, Ana and Christian have a son named Theodore Raymond Grey, nicknamed Teddy, and Ana is six months pregnant with their second child, a daughter whom they decide to name Phoebe. Elliot and Kate have married and have a two-month-old daughter named Ava. At the end, after having BDSM sex, Ana and Christian are getting ready to celebrate Teddy's second birthday with their family and friends.\n question: does fifty shades freed have a happy ending?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The incident leaves Roo an outcast within the town. Morag tries to persuade her to move to the city with her, but Celia talks her out of it. Brett applies for custody, but Roo suggests they sort it out between themselves. She begins helping Brett's family as they set up a business in the Bay. She is pleased when Alf and Ailsa's differences over the development causes them to split up. With Ailsa returning to town to be Christopher Fletcher's (Ashleigh Bell-Weir) godmother, Roo fakes stomach pains to stop Alf attending the christening. However, by hyperventilating she sends herself into premature labour and gives birth to a baby girl, who she names, Martha (Burcin Kapkin). She is pleased when Frank seems to take an interest, until she learns that he is dating Bobby. Brett tries to force Roo into giving him custody of Martha. He kidnaps the baby and Roo considered suicide, before she is informed that Brett had returned Martha. Roo refuses to press charges and the couple realise that they cannot raise Martha, so they give her up for adoption. Roo then begins to accept Ailsa, when she and Alf reconcile.\n question: home and away does roo keep the baby?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Oscar the Grouch is a character on the television program Sesame Street. He has a green body, has no visible nose, and lives in a trash can. His favorite thing in life is trash, as evidenced by the song ``I Love Trash''. A running theme is his collection of seemingly useless items in his trash can. ``The Grouch'' aptly describes his misanthropic interaction with the other characters, but also refers to his species. His birthday, as noted by Sesame Workshop, is on June 1. The character is performed by Caroll Spinney, and has been performed by him since the show's first episode. Since 2015, Eric Jacobson is the understudy for the character.\n question: does oscar the grouch live in a recycling bin?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Bert and Ernie live together in an apartment in the basement of 123 Sesame Street. Despite sleeping in separate beds, they share the same bedroom, which has led to some speculation that they are a representation of gay lovers. This is denied by Sesame Workshop, and some of Bert's interactions with female characters appear to show that he is attracted to women: serenading Connie Stevens in the Some Enchanted Evening segment of a first-season episode of The Muppet Show, and recording a song about his girlfriend, I Want to Hold Your Ear, which was released on several albums.\n question: did ernie and bert sleep in the same bed?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Gopher is a fictional grey anthropomorphic gopher character who first appeared in the 1966 Disney animated film Winnie the Pooh and the Honey Tree, introducing himself as Samuel J. Gopher. He has a habit of whistling out his sibilant consonants, one of various traits he has in common with the beaver in Lady and the Tramp, by whom he may have been inspired. While he never made appearances in any episodes of Welcome to Pooh Corner, Gopher was fleshed out a bit further in the television series The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh. He is portrayed as generally hard-working, especially in his tunnels (which he inevitably falls into at least once). He does not appear in the original books Winnie the Pooh and The House at Pooh Corner by A.A. Milne until 1966 (a fact that is regularly pointed out in Winnie the Pooh and the Honey Tree, when he breaks the fourth wall by saying he's ``not in the book, y'know'', also trying to say that he would not be in a phone book). Gopher's voice was originally done by Howard Morris, who retired from the role and was replaced by Michael Gough.\n question: is there a gopher in winnie the pooh?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: It was founded in 1969 by Donald Fisher and Doris F. Fisher and is headquartered in San Francisco, California. The company operates five primary divisions: Gap (the namesake banner), Banana Republic, Old Navy, Intermix, Weddington Way, and Athleta. Gap Inc. is the largest specialty retailer in the United States, and is 3rd in total international locations, behind Inditex Group and H&M. As of September 2008, the company has approximately 135,000 employees and operates 3,727 stores worldwide, of which 2,406 are located in the U.S.\n question: are gap and old navy the same company?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Abercrombie & Fitch (A&F) is an American retailer that focuses on upscale casual wear for people aged 21 to 24; its headquarters are in New Albany, Ohio. The company operates 1,049 stores across all three brands. The company operates two other offshoot brands: Abercrombie Kids & Hollister Co.\n question: is abercrombie and fitch and hollister the same company?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Target Corporation is the second-largest department store retailer in the United States, behind Walmart, and is a component of the S&P 500 Index. Founded by George Dayton and headquartered in Minneapolis, Minnesota, the company was originally named Goodfellow Dry Goods in June 1902 before being renamed the Dayton's Dry Goods Company in 1903 and later the Dayton Company in 1910. The first Target store opened in Roseville, Minnesota in 1962 while the parent company was renamed the Dayton Corporation in 1967. It became the Dayton-Hudson Corporation after merging with the J.L. Hudson Company in 1969 and held ownership of several department store chains including Dayton's, Hudson's, Marshall Field's, and Mervyn's.\n question: are target and macy's owned by the same company?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Sleep deprivation is the second most common trigger of seizures. In some cases, it has been responsible for the only seizure a person ever suffers. However, the reason for which sleep deprivation can trigger a seizure is unknown. One possible thought is that the amount of sleep one gets affects the amount of electrical activity in one's brain.\n question: can a lack of sleep cause a seizure?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: By contrast, a lower motor neuron lesion to the facial motor nucleus results in paralysis of facial muscles on the same side of the injury. If a cause, such as trauma or infection, cannot be identified (this situation is called idiopathic palsy) this condition is known as Bell's palsy. Otherwise it is described by its cause.\n question: is bell palsy a lower motor neuron lesion?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: A convulsion is a medical condition where body muscles contract and relax rapidly and repeatedly, resulting in an uncontrolled shaking of the body. Because epileptic seizures typically include convulsions, the term convulsion is sometimes used as a synonym for seizure. However, not all epileptic seizures lead to convulsions, and not all convulsions are caused by epileptic seizures. Convulsions are also consistent with an electric shock and improper enriched air scuba diving. For non-epileptic convulsions, see non-epileptic seizures.\n question: is a seizure and a convulsion the same?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Argentine Currency Board pegged the Argentine peso to the U.S. dollar between 1991 and 2002 in an attempt to eliminate hyperinflation and stimulate economic growth. While it initially met with considerable success, the board's actions ultimately failed. In contrast to what most people think, this peg actually did not exist, except only in the first years of the plan. From then on, the government never needed to use the foreign exchange reserves of the country in the maintenance of the peg, except when the recession and the massive bank withdrawals started in 2000.\n question: is the argentine peso pegged to the dollar?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Denmark returned to the gold standard in 1924 but left it permanently in 1931. Between 1940 and 1945, the krone was tied to the German Reichsmark. Following the end of the German occupation, a rate of 24 kroner to the British pound was introduced, reduced to 19.34 (4.8 kroner = 1 US dollar) in August the same year. Within the Bretton Woods System, Denmark devalued its currency with the pound in 1949 to a rate of 6.91 to the dollar. A further devaluation in 1967 resulted in rates of 7.5 kroner.\n question: is the danish krone worth more than the dollar?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: From 18 March 1975 to 4 January 2003, the dinar was pegged to a weighted currency basket. From 5 January 2003 until 20 May 2007, the pegging was switched to 1 US dollar = 0.29963 dinar with margins of ±3.5%. The central rate translates to approximately 1 KD = $3.53 USD\n question: is the kuwaiti dinar pegged to the dollar?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Church of England (C of E) is the state church of England. The Archbishop of Canterbury (currently Justin Welby) is the most senior cleric, although the monarch is the supreme governor. The Church of England is also the mother church of the international Anglican Communion. It traces its history to the Christian church recorded as existing in the Roman province of Britain by the third century, and to the 6th-century Gregorian mission to Kent led by Augustine of Canterbury.\n question: are the church of england and the anglican church the same?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Church of England (C of E) is the state church of England. The Archbishop of Canterbury (currently Justin Welby) is the most senior cleric, although the monarch is the supreme governor. The Church of England is also the mother church of the international Anglican Communion. It traces its history to the Christian church recorded as existing in the Roman province of Britain by the third century, and to the 6th-century Gregorian mission to Kent led by Augustine of Canterbury.\n question: is the anglican church the same as the church of england?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Church of England (C of E) is the state church of England. The Archbishop of Canterbury (currently Justin Welby) is the most senior cleric, although the monarch is the supreme governor. The Church of England is also the mother church of the international Anglican Communion. It traces its history to the Christian church recorded as existing in the Roman province of Britain by the third century, and to the 6th-century Gregorian mission to Kent led by Augustine of Canterbury.\n question: are anglican and church of england the same?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: St Pancras railway station (/ˈpæŋkrəs/), also known as London St Pancras and officially since 2007 as St Pancras International, is a central London railway terminus located on Euston Road in the London Borough of Camden. It is the terminal station for Eurostar continental services from London via High Speed 1 and the Channel Tunnel to Belgium, France and the Netherlands. It also handles East Midlands Trains and Thameslink services to Corby, Sheffield and Nottingham on the Midland Main Line and Southeastern high-speed trains to Kent via Ebbsfleet International and Ashford International, and local Thameslink cross-London services. It stands between the British Library, Regent's Canal and King's Cross railway station, sharing a London Underground station named King's Cross St. Pancras with the latter.\n question: is king cross the same as st pancras?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Vauxhall (/ˈvɒksɔːl/, VOK-sawl) is a National Rail, London Underground and London Buses interchange station in central London. It is at the Vauxhall Cross road junction opposite the southern approach to Vauxhall Bridge over the River Thames in the district of Vauxhall. The station is on the boundary of zones 1 and 2 of the London Travelcard area and, although a through station, it is classed as a central London terminus for ticketing purposes.\n question: is vauxhall station in zone 1 or 2?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: King's Cross St. Pancras is a London Underground station located in King's Cross and St Pancras within the Borough of Camden, Central London. It serves King's Cross and St Pancras main line stations and falls within fare zone 1. Being an interchange station between six lines, (the Circle, Hammersmith & City, Metropolitan, Northern, Piccadilly and Victoria lines) it is the second busiest station on the network, trailing only Waterloo.\n question: is st pancras station the same as kings cross?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire) is a sub-Saharan nation in southern West Africa located at 8 00°N, 5 00°W. The country is approximately square in shape. Its southern border is a 515 km (320 mi) coastline on the Gulf of Guinea on the north Atlantic Ocean. On the other three sides it borders five other African nations for a total of 3,458 km (2,149 mi): Liberia to the southwest for 778 km (483 mi), Guinea to the northwest for 816 km (507 mi), Mali to the north-northwest for 599 km (372 mi), Burkina Faso to the north-northeast for 545 km (339 mi), and Ghana to the east for 720 km (447 mi).\n question: is the ivory coast north of the equator?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Ivory Coast, also known as Côte d'Ivoire and officially as the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a sovereign state located in West Africa. Ivory Coast's political capital is Yamoussoukro, and its economic capital and largest city is the port city of Abidjan. Its bordering countries are Guinea and Liberia in the west, Burkina Faso and Mali in the north, and Ghana in the east. The Gulf of Guinea (Atlantic Ocean) is located south of Ivory Coast.\n question: is ivory coast and cote d ivoire the same?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Punta Cana is a resort town within the Punta Cana-Bávaro-Veron-Macao municipal district, in the municipality of Higüey, in La Altagracia Province, the easternmost province of the Dominican Republic. The area has beaches and balnearios which face both the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, and it has been a popular tourist destination.\n question: is punta cana in north of dominican republic?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Korean language has changed between the two states due to the length of time that North and South Korea have been separated.\n question: is north korea and south korean language the same?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Korean language has changed between the two states due to the length of time that North and South Korea have been separated.\n question: is the language the same in north and south korea?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Korean language has changed between the two states due to the length of time that North and South Korea have been separated.\n question: is there a difference between south and north korean language?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Treasury notes (or T-notes) mature in two to ten years, have a coupon payment every six months, and have denominations of $1,000. In the basic transaction, one buys a $1,000 T-Note for $950, collects interest of 3% per year over 10 years, which comes to $30 yearly, and at the end of the 10 years cashes it in for $1000. So, $950 over the course of 10 years becomes $1300.\n question: are us treasury notes a capital market instrument?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Finance companies typically fund themselves by issuing large amounts of asset-backed commercial paper (ABCP), which is secured by the pledge of eligible assets into an ABCP conduit. Examples of eligible assets include auto loans, credit card receivables, residential/commercial mortgage loans, mortgage-backed securities and similar financial assets. Some large corporations with strong credit ratings, such as General Electric, issue commercial paper on their own credit. Other large corporations arrange for banks to issue commercial paper on their behalf.\n question: are home mortgage loans traded in the money market?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: In the United States of America, individuals and corporations pay U.S. federal income tax on the net total of all their capital gains. The tax rate depends on both the investor's tax bracket and the amount of time the investment was held. Short-term capital gains are taxed at the investor's ordinary income tax rate and are defined as investments held for a year or less before being sold. Long-term capital gains, on dispositions of assets held for more than one year, are taxed at a lower rate.\n question: are long term capital gains taxed as ordinary income?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The black eagle is a large but slender eagle, at about 65 to 81 cm (26 to 32 in) in length and 148 to 182 cm (4 ft 10 in to 6 ft 0 in) in wingspan. Despite its large appearance (it is one of the largest eagles in its range), known weights are relatively modest, at between 1,000 and 1,600 g (2.2 and 3.5 lb), about half the weight of the partially sympatric mountain hawk-eagle, the latter being of a similar total length. Adults have all-black plumage, with a yellow bill base (cere) and feet. The wings are long and pinched in at the innermost primaries giving a distinctive shape. The tail shows faint barring and upper tail covers paler. When perched the wing tips reach till or exceed the tail tip. The wings are held in a shallow V (wings just above the horizontal plane) in flight. Seen on hot afternoons, scouring the treetops for a nest to maraud, this bird is easily spotted by its jet black colour, large size, and a 'characteristic' slow flight, sometimes just above the canopy.\n question: is there such a thing as a black eagle?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: A 'light' symmetrical wing-clip will allow a bird to fly down and land safely while indoors. However such a clip may not prevent the bird from flying when outdoors, since lift is generated in proportion to wind speed. Many escaped birds which are recovered are found to have been clipped. So, while a light clip allows downward flight indoors, it does not prevent a bird gaining lift if it should escape outdoors. Conversely, a more severe clip will certainly render a bird flightless, but it increases the risk of injury if the bird falls and hits a hard surface. In addition to the physical effects of wing-clipping, there can be adverse behavioural effects. Birds use flight as an instinctive reflex action and as their first means of escaping any threat: they take to the air to fly upwards and away from the source of the threat; their fear then dissipates. Where this behaviour is prevented by wing-clipping, this innate reflex action is denied the bird, and its fear will not subside. This may cause behavioural problems for the afflicted bird. When a bird needs to reduce its speed during flight, it employs a 'reverse thrust' action by extending its wing at the wrist joint and using the drag of its primaries as air brakes. While the reduced function of the clipped bird's primaries prevent propulsion and therefore lift, this also reduces braking abilities, so clipped birds may crash-land at higher speeds than full-winged birds. Clipped birds should not be taken outdoors unrestrained, as even clipped birds have been known to fly away when spooked outdoors.\n question: can birds fly if their wings are clipped?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Like most owls, the great horned owl makes great use of secrecy and stealth. Due to its natural-colored plumage, it is well camouflaged both while active at night and while roosting during the day. During the daytime it roosts usually in large trees (including snags & large hollows but usually thick branches) but may occasionally be in crevices or small caves in rocks or in dense shrubbery. Pine and other coniferous trees may be preferred where available since they are particularly dense and provide cover throughout the year. Typically, males have a favorite roosting site not far from the nest, sometimes used over successive years. While roosting, great horned owls may rest in the ``tall-thin'' position, where they sit as erect and hold themselves as slim as is possible. The kind of posture is well known as a further method of camouflage for other owls, like long-eared owls or great grey owls, especially if humans or other potential mammalian carnivores approach them. The Eurasian eagle owl rarely, if ever, assumes the tall-thin position. Outside of the nesting season, great horned owls may roost wherever their foraging path ends at dawn. Generally great horned owls are active at night, although in some areas may be active in the late afternoon or early morning. At dusk, the owl utters a few calls before flying to a more open sing-post, i.e. large bare branch or large rocks to deliver song. Normally several perches are used to mark occupied territory or to attract a female. Despite its camouflage and cryptic locations, this species can still sometimes be spotted on its daytime roosts, especially by American crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos). Since owls are, next to red-tailed hawks, perhaps the main predator of crows and their young, crows sometimes congregate from considerable distances to mob owls and caw angrily at them for hours on end. When the owls try to fly off to avoid this harassment, they are often followed by the corvids.\n question: are great horned owls active during the day?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings is a 1969 autobiography describing the early years of American writer and poet Maya Angelou. The first in a seven-volume series, it is a coming-of-age story that illustrates how strength of character and a love of literature can help overcome racism and trauma. The book begins when three-year-old Maya and her older brother are sent to Stamps, Arkansas, to live with their grandmother and ends when Maya becomes a mother at the age of 16. In the course of Caged Bird, Maya transforms from a victim of racism with an inferiority complex into a self-possessed, dignified young woman capable of responding to prejudice.\n question: is i know why the caged bird sings a memoir?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings is a 1969 autobiography describing the early years of American writer and poet Maya Angelou. The first in a seven-volume series, it is a coming-of-age story that illustrates how strength of character and a love of literature can help overcome racism and trauma. The book begins when three-year-old Maya and her older brother are sent to Stamps, Arkansas, to live with their grandmother and ends when Maya becomes a mother at the age of 16. In the course of Caged Bird, Maya transforms from a victim of racism with an inferiority complex into a self-possessed, dignified young woman capable of responding to prejudice.\n question: is i know why the caged bird sings an autobiography?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Outsiders is a coming-of-age novel by S.E. Hinton, first published in 1967 by Viking Press. Hinton was 15 when she started writing the novel but did most of the work when she was 16 and a junior in high school. Hinton was 18 when the book was published. The book details the conflict between two rival gangs divided by their socioeconomic status: the working-class ``greasers'' and the upper-class ``Socs'' (pronounced /ˈsoʊʃɪz/--short for Socials). The story is told in first-person perspective by teenaged protagonist Ponyboy Curtis.\n question: is the book the outsiders based on a true story?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Flint water crisis first started in 2014 when the drinking water source for the city of Flint, Michigan was changed from Lake Huron and the Detroit River to the cheaper Flint River. Due to insufficient water treatment, lead leached from the lead water pipes into the drinking water, exposing over 100,000 residents. After a pair of scientific studies proved lead contamination was present in the water supply, a federal state of emergency was declared in January 2016 and Flint residents were instructed to use only bottled or filtered water for drinking, cooking, cleaning, and bathing. As of early 2017, the water quality had returned to acceptable levels; however, residents were instructed to continue to use bottled or filtered water until all the lead pipes have been replaced, which is expected to be completed no sooner than 2020.\n question: can you drink the water in flint now?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Environmentally, the river is in a poor condition and has been so for many years. In 2000, the Brisbane River estuary did not meet the national guidelines for environmental standards. The lower reaches received a very poor rating in the 2008 Healthy Waterways report, an annual assessment of river water quality. The major causes of pollution are excess nutrients, hydrocarbons, pesticides and bacteria which become concentrated in the river and its sediment after flowing off surrounding lands. The river is also considered too murky and it is not recommended to swim in its waters.\n question: is it safe to swim in brisbane river?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: A drought in the Western Cape province of South Africa began in 2015, resulting in a severe water shortage in the region, most notably affecting the City of Cape Town. In early 2018, with dam levels predicted to decline to critically low levels by April, the city announced plans for ``Day Zero'', when if a particular lower limit of water storage was reached, the municipal water supply would largely be shut off, potentially making Cape Town the first major city to run out of water. Through water saving measures and water supply augmentation, by March 2018 the City had reduced its daily water usage by more than half to around 500 million litres (110,000,000 imp gal; 130,000,000 US gal) per day. Combined with good rains in the winter of 2018, by June 2018 dam levels had increased to 43% of capacity, resulting in the City of Cape Town announcing that ``Day Zero'' was unlikely for 2019. Water restrictions will remain in place until dam levels reach 85%. As of 16 July 2018, the dam storage levels had reached 55.1%.\n question: is there still a water crisis in cape town?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Five Heartbeats is a 1991 musical drama film directed by Robert Townsend, who co-wrote the script with Keenen Ivory Wayans. Distributed by 20th Century Fox, the film's main cast includes Townsend, Michael Wright, Leon Robinson, Harry J. Lennix, Tico Wells, Harold Nicholas of the Nicholas Brothers, and Diahann Carroll. The plot of the film (which is loosely based on the lives of several artists: The Dells, The Temptations, Four Tops, Wilson Pickett, James Brown, Frankie Lymon, Sam Cooke and others) follows the three decade career of the rhythm and blues vocal group The Five Heartbeats. The film depicts the rise and fall of a Motown inspired soul act through the eyes of one of the Heartbeats, Donald ``Duck'' Matthews.\n question: was the five heartbeats based on a real group?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: To promote the film prior to its release, Townsend, along with the other actors who portrayed the fictional musical quartet The Five Heartbeats (Leon Robinson, Michael Wright, Harry J. Lennix, and Tico Wells) performed in a concert with real-life Soul/R&B vocal group The Dells, one of many groups that inspired the film. The Dells sang and recorded the vocals as the actors lip synced.\n question: is there a group called the five heartbeats?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Why Do Fools Fall in Love is a 1998 American romantic drama film, directed by Gregory Nava and released by Warner Bros. Pictures. The film is a biographical film of R&B/Rock and roll singer Frankie Lymon, lead singer of the pioneering rock and roll group Frankie Lymon & the Teenagers for one year. Moreover, the film highlights the three women in his life, each of whom claim to have married Lymon and lay claim to his estate.\n question: was why do fools fall in love a true story?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Scotch whisky (Scottish Gaelic: uisge-beatha na h-Alba; often simply called Scotch) is malt whisky or grain whisky made in Scotland. Scotch whisky must be made in a manner specified by law.\n question: does scotch have to be made in scotland?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Kilju (Finnish pronunciation: (ˈkilju)) is a folksy name for a Finnish home-made alcoholic beverage, in English also known as sugar wine. It is mostly made from sugar, yeast, and water. Its alcohol content is usually 15--17% ABV.\n question: can you make alcohol with just water sugar and yeast?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Bourbon whiskey /bɜːrbən/ is a type of American whiskey, a barrel-aged distilled spirit made primarily from corn. The name derives from the French Bourbon dynasty, although the precise inspiration for the whiskey's name is unsettled; contenders include Bourbon County in Kentucky and Bourbon Street in New Orleans. Bourbon has been distilled since the 18th century. The use of the term ``bourbon'' for the whiskey has been traced to the 1820s, and the term began to be used consistently in Kentucky in the 1870s. While bourbon may be made anywhere in the United States, it is strongly associated with the American South, and with Kentucky in particular. As of 2014, the distillers' wholesale market revenue for bourbon sold within the U.S. is about $2.7 billion, and bourbon makes up about two-thirds of the $1.6 billion of U.S. exports of distilled spirits.\n question: does bourbon have to be made in bourbon county?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: For nearly all models of induction cooktops, a cooking vessel must be made of, or contain, a ferrous metal such as cast iron or some stainless steels. The iron in the pot concentrates the current to produce heat in the metal. If the metal is too thin, or does not provide enough resistance to current flow, heating will not be effective. Most induction tops will not heat copper or aluminum vessels because the magnetic field cannot produce a concentrated current; ``all metal'' induction tops use much higher frequencies to overcome that effect. Any vessel can be used if placed on a suitable metal disk which functions as a conventional hotplate.\n question: can you put cast iron on induction cooktops?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: For nearly all models of induction cooktops, a cooking vessel must be made of, or contain, a ferrous metal such as cast iron or some stainless steels. The iron in the pot concentrates the current to produce heat in the metal. If the metal is too thin, or does not provide enough resistance to current flow, heating will not be effective. Most induction tops will not heat copper or aluminum vessels because the magnetic field cannot produce a concentrated current; ``all metal'' induction tops use much higher frequencies to overcome that effect. Any vessel can be used if placed on a suitable metal disk which functions as a conventional hotplate.\n question: can i use cast iron skillet on induction cooktop?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: For nearly all models of induction cooktops, a cooking vessel must be made of, or contain, a ferrous metal such as cast iron or some stainless steels. The iron in the pot concentrates the current to produce heat in the metal. If the metal is too thin, or does not provide enough resistance to current flow, heating will not be effective. Most induction tops will not heat copper or aluminum vessels because the magnetic field cannot produce a concentrated current; ``all metal'' induction tops use much higher frequencies to overcome that effect. Any vessel can be used if placed on a suitable metal disk which functions as a conventional hotplate.\n question: can aluminum pans be used on induction cooktops?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Ictiobus, also known as buffalo fish or simply buffalo, is a genus of freshwater fish common in the United States, but also found in Canada, Mexico, and Guatemala. They are the largest North American suckers, reaching up to 1.23 m (4.0 ft) in length. They are sometimes mistaken for carp because of the flat face and large, silver scales running along the body, though they lack the whisker-like barbels common to carp. Buffalo fish live in most types of freshwater bodies where panfish are found, such as ponds, creeks, rivers, and lakes. Ictiobus fish were caught by the Lewis and Clark Expedition.\n question: is buffalo fish and carp the same fish?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The mahi-mahi (/ˈmɑːhiːˈmɑːhiː/) or common dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) is a surface-dwelling ray-finned fish found in off-shore temperate, tropical, and subtropical waters worldwide. Also widely called dorado and dolphin, it is one of two members of the Coryphaenidae family, the other being the pompano dolphinfish.\n question: is mahi mahi the same as ahi tuna?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), also called red salmon, kokanee salmon, or blueback salmon, is an anadromous species of salmon found in the Northern Pacific Ocean and rivers discharging into it. This species is a Pacific salmon that is primarily red in hue during spawning. They can grow up to 84 cm (2 ft 9 in) in length and weigh 2.3 to 7 kg (5.1--15.4 lb). Juveniles remain in freshwater until they are ready to migrate to the ocean, over distances of up to 1,600 km (990 mi). Their diet consists primarily of zooplankton. Sockeye salmon are semelparous, dying after they spawn. Some populations, referred to as kokanee, do not migrate to the ocean and live their entire lives in freshwater.\n question: is sockeye salmon the same as red salmon?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Under federal law, private-party sellers are not required to perform background checks on buyers; whether at a gun show or other venue. They also are not required to record the sale, or ask for identification. This requirement is in contrast to sales by gun stores and other Federal Firearms License (FFL) holders, who are required to record all sales and perform background checks on almost all buyers, regardless of whether the venue is their business location or a gun show within their state. Access to the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) is limited to FFL holders.\n question: can i buy a gun at a gun show without background check?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Federal law requires background checks for commercial gun sales, but an exemption exists for private-party sales whereby ``any person may sell a firearm to an unlicensed resident of the state where they reside, as long as they do not know or have reasonable cause to believe the person is prohibited from receiving or possessing firearms''. Under federal law, private-party sellers are not required to perform background checks on buyers, record the sale, or ask for identification, whether at a gun show or other venue. This is in contrast to sales by gun stores and other Federal Firearms License (FFL) holders, who are required to perform background checks and record all sales on almost all buyers, regardless of whether the venue is their business location or a gun show. Some states have passed laws to require background checks for private sales with limited exceptions. Access to the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) is limited to FFL holders.\n question: can you buy a gun from a gun show without a background check?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Gun show loophole, gun law loophole, Brady law loophole (or Brady bill loophole), private sale loophole, and private sale exemption in the United States is the sale of firearms by private sellers, including those done at gun shows, dubbed the ``secondary market''. A loophole in federal law exists, under which ``any person may sell a firearm to an unlicensed resident of the state where they reside, as long as they do not know or have reasonable cause to believe the person is prohibited from receiving or possessing firearms''.\n question: do you need a license to buy a gun at a gun show?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Black Mirror is a British science fiction anthology television series created by Charlie Brooker, with Brooker and Annabel Jones serving as the programme showrunners. It examines modern society, particularly with regard to the unanticipated consequences of new technologies. Episodes are standalone, usually set in an alternative present or the near future, often with a dark and satirical tone, though some are more experimental and lighter.\n question: do i start with season 1 of black mirror?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Slasher employs a season-long anthology format, with an overarching mystery storyline that will be resolved upon the season's conclusion. Aaron Martin, the series' creator/producer, acknowledged gaining inspiration for the format from American Horror Story, stating that, should Slasher have subsequent seasons, the AHS style of self-contained storylines would be used along with, ideally, the reliance on as many actors from previous seasons as possible to portray brand new roles.\n question: are season 1 and 2 of slasher related?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The show premiered for two series on the British television channel Channel 4 on December 2011 and February 2013, respectively. After its addition to the catalogue in December 2014, Netflix purchased the programme in September 2015. It commissioned a series of 12 episodes later divided into the third and fourth series, each six episodes; the former was released on 21 October 2016 and the latter on 29 December 2017. A fifth series was announced on 5 March 2018.\n question: will there be new episodes of black mirror?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Northern Ireland national football team represents Northern Ireland in international association football. From 1882 to 1921 all of Ireland was represented by a single side, the Ireland national football team, organised by the Irish Football Association (IFA). In 1921, the jurisdiction of the IFA was reduced to Northern Ireland following the secession of clubs in the soon-to-be Irish Free State, although its team remained the national team for all of Ireland until 1950, and used the name Ireland until the 1970s. The Football Association of Ireland (FAI) organises the separate Republic of Ireland national football team.\n question: does northern ireland have a national football team?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Northern Ireland national football team have appeared in the finals of the FIFA World Cup on three occasions.\n question: does northern ireland have a world cup team?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Northern Ireland (Irish: Tuaisceart Éireann (ˈt̪ɣuəʃcəɾɣt̪ɣ ˈeːɾjən̪ɣ) ( listen); Ulster-Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom in the north-east of the island of Ireland, variously described as a country, province or region. Northern Ireland shares a border to the south and west with the Republic of Ireland. In 2011, its population was 1,810,863, constituting about 30% of the island's total population and about 3% of the UK's population. Established by the Northern Ireland Act 1998 as part of the Good Friday Agreement, the Northern Ireland Assembly holds responsibility for a range of devolved policy matters, while other areas are reserved for the British government. Northern Ireland co-operates with the Republic of Ireland in some areas, and the Agreement granted the Republic the ability to ``put forward views and proposals'' with ``determined efforts to resolve disagreements between the two governments''.\n question: is northern ireland the same as republic of ireland?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Mark Everett Sloan, M.D., F.A.C.S. is a fictional character from ABC's medical drama television series Grey's Anatomy, portrayed by Eric Dane. Created by series producer Shonda Rhimes, the character was introduced in season two as Dr. Derek Shepherd's best friend who acted as the catalyst for the end of Shepherd's marriage when Shepherd caught Sloan sleeping with his wife, Dr. Addison Montgomery. Soon after moving to Seattle Grace Hospital as an attending specializing in plastic surgery to reconcile with Derek, Mark earned the nickname ``McSteamy'' for his good looks by the female interns. Mark's focal storyline in the series involved his romantic relationship with Dr. Lexie Grey. Both he and Lexie sustained life-threatening injuries after an aviation accident in the eighth season finale, which resulted in their deaths. Seattle Grace is later renamed Grey-Sloan Memorial Hospital in their memory.\n question: did mark sloan die on grey's anatomy?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: In the ninth-season premiere, it is discovered that Mark is on life support due to the extensive injuries he sustained in the plane crash and, as determined by his will, the machines would be turned off if he showed no signs of waking within 30 days. Flashbacks of some moments in Mark's life showcased him being videotaped as he was extending his congratulations to newlyweds Callie and Arizona. At the end of the speech, he declares that Lexie was the one he wanted to grow old and dance with in their granddaughter's wedding. At 5:00 that day, with Derek and Callie keeping vigil at his bedside, the machines were turned off, and Mark Sloan died shortly thereafter. The following episode reveals that he had a surge of good health upon his return to Seattle Grace before ultimately succumbing to his injuries. His 'surge' allowed him enough energy to advise his protégé Jackson, 'when you love someone, tell them', which is believed to be a reflection on the major obstacle of his failed relationship with Lexie. During this momentary energy, Mark also took the opportunity to make a clean break with his girlfriend, Julia, stating that the situation was not fair to her as he had always loved only Lexie. Following his death, Shonda Rhimes muses regarding Mark and Lexie's relationship: '...he and Lexie get to be together in a way. Their love remains true.'' Seattle Grace Mercy West Hospital is later renamed Grey Sloan Memorial Hospital in tribute to Lexie and Mark.\n question: does mark sloan die on grey's anatomy?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Preston Xavier Burke, M.D. is a fictional character from the medical drama television series Grey's Anatomy, which airs on ABC in the United States. The character was created by series producer Shonda Rhimes, and was portrayed by actor Isaiah Washington from 2005 to 2007. Introduced as an attending cardiothoracic surgeon at the fictional Seattle Grace Hospital, Burke's romantic relationship with intern Cristina Yang formed one of the main storylines in the shows' first three seasons.\n question: does dr. burke die in grey's anatomy?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The ``Argentine National Anthem'' (Spanish: Himno Nacional Argentino) is the national anthem of Argentina. Its lyrics were written by the Buenos Aires-born politician Vicente López y Planes and the music was composed by the Spanish musician Blas Parera. The work was adopted as the sole official song on May 11, 1813, three years after the May Revolution; May 11 is therefore now Anthem Day in Argentina.\n question: are there any words to the argentine national anthem?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The ``Argentine National Anthem'' (Spanish: Himno Nacional Argentino) is the national anthem of Argentina. Its lyrics were written by the Buenos Aires-born politician Vicente López y Planes and the music was composed by the Spanish musician Blas Parera. The work was adopted as the sole official song on May 11, 1813, three years after the May Revolution; May 11 is therefore now Anthem Day in Argentina.\n question: does the argentina national anthem have any words?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The ``Marcha Real'' (Spanish pronunciation: (ˈmartʃa reˈal), ``Royal March'') is the national anthem of Spain. It is one of only four national anthems in the world (along with those of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, and San Marino) that has no official lyrics. Although it had lyrics in the past, they are no longer used.\n question: are there any words to the spanish national anthem?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: For example, high blood pressure or hypertension is considered to be not only a chronic condition itself but also correlated to diseases such as heart attack or stroke. Additionally, some socioeconomic factors may be considered as a chronic condition as they lead to disability in daily life. An important one that public health officials in the social science setting have begun highlighting is chronic poverty.\n question: is high blood pressure considered a chronic illness?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Patients with hypochondriasis often are not aware that depression and anxiety produce their own physical symptoms, and mistake these symptoms for manifestations of another mental or physical disorder or disease. For example, people with depression often experience changes in appetite and weight fluctuation, fatigue, decreased interest in sex and motivation in life overall. Intense anxiety is associated with rapid heartbeat, palpitations, sweating, muscle tension, stomach discomfort, dizziness, and numbness or tingling in certain parts of the body (hands, forehead, etc.).\n question: can you be a hypochondriac about mental illness?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Travel to each of these altitude regions can lead to medical problems, from the mild symptoms of acute mountain sickness to the potentially fatal high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE). The higher the altitude, the greater the risk. Research also indicates elevated risk of permanent brain damage in people climbing to extreme altitudes. Expedition doctors commonly stock a supply of dexamethasone, or ``dex,'' to treat these conditions on site.\n question: is living at high altitude good for you?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: As a novel glass forming technique created in the middle of the 1st century BC, glassblowing exploited a working property of glass that was previously unknown to glassworkers, inflation, the expansion of a molten blob of glass by introducing a small amount of air to it. That is based on the liquid structure of glass where the atoms are held together by strong chemical bonds in a disordered and random network, therefore molten glass is viscous enough to be blown and gradually hardens as it loses heat.\n question: glass blowing is a technique that dates from roman times?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: A drinking straw or drinking tube is a small pipe that allows its user to more conveniently consume a beverage. A thin tube of paper, plastic (such as polypropylene and polystyrene), or other material is used by placing one end in the mouth and the other in the beverage. A combination of muscular action of the tongue and cheeks reduces air pressure in the mouth and above the liquid in the straw, whereupon atmospheric pressure forces the beverage through the straw. Drinking straws can be straight or have an angle-adjustable bellows segment.\n question: did straws used to be made of paper?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The first recorded rudimentary steam engine was the aeolipile described by Heron of Alexandria in 1st-century Roman Egypt. Several steam-powered devices were later experimented with or proposed, such as Taqi al-Din's steam jack, a steam turbine in 16th-century Ottoman Egypt, and Thomas Savery's steam pump in 17th-century England. In 1712, Thomas Newcomen's atmospheric engine became the first commercially successful engine using the principle of the piston and cylinder, which was the fundamental type steam engine used until the early 20th century. The steam engine was used to pump water out of coal mines\n question: was the steam engine invented during the renaissance?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Ohio is a traditional open-carry state. The open-carry of firearms by those who legally possess the firearm is a legal activity in Ohio with or without a license. One need not have a concealed handgun license (CHL, CCW) to transport an unloaded handgun in a motor vehicle but it must be secured/contained and located in the vehicle requiring an exit of said vehicle to access it. Ammunition and magazines must be in a separate compartment or holding device. Note: If you have any alcohol in your system it is illegal to possess a firearm in your vehicle or on your person.\n question: can you open carry a shotgun in ohio?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Ohio is a traditional open-carry state. The open-carry of firearms by those who legally possess the firearm is a legal activity in Ohio with or without a license. One need not have a concealed handgun license (CHL, CCW) to transport an unloaded handgun in a motor vehicle but it must be secured/contained and located in the vehicle requiring an exit of said vehicle to access it. Ammunition and magazines must be in a separate compartment or holding device. Note: If you have any alcohol in your system it is illegal to possess a firearm in your vehicle or on your person.\n question: can you open carry in the state of ohio?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Firearms are prohibited from certain places, including demonstrations. Possession of firearms is prohibited on the premises of public schools by persons with intent to do bodily harm and those who do not have an Alabama Pistol Permit. Open carry on foot is generally allowed without a license, withstanding other applicable laws. As of Aug. 1, 2013, transportation of an unloaded handgun in a vehicle is allowed without an Alabama Pistol Permit if you are legally permitted to possess the handgun, and the handgun is locked away from immediate reach of all passengers. Carrying a handgun on premises that are not owned or under the control of the possessor is prohibited unless the person has a valid concealed handgun license.\n question: is it legal to carry a loaded gun in your car in alabama?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Devocalization (also known as ventriculocordectomy or vocal cordectomy and when performed on dogs is commonly known as debarking or bark softening) is a surgical procedure performed on dogs and cats, where tissue is removed from the animal's vocal cords to permanently reduce the volume of its vocalizations.\n question: can you clip a cat's vocal cords?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Skunks are probably best known for their ability to spray foul-smelling fluid as a defense against predators. Most wild skunks spray only when injured or attacked, as a defense mechanism. The mercaptan-emitting scent glands are usually removed in pet skunks at about four weeks of age. Since 2006, this removal practice has been illegal in the UK.\n question: can you take a skunk's stinker out?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: In veterinary practice, ear mite infections in dogs and cats may present as a disease that causes intense itching in one or both ears, which in turn triggers scratching at the affected ear. An unusually dark colored ear wax (cerumen) may also be produced. Cats, as well as dogs with erect ears that have control over ear direction, may be seen with one or both ear pinnas held at an odd or flattened angle.\n question: can ear mites only be in one ear?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: When a traffic stop is made, a warning issued by the officer is a statement that the motorist has committed some offense, but is being spared the actual citation. Officers use their own discretion whether to issue a citation or warning. The motorist may receive the warning either verbally or written, but will not be charged with the offense, will not have to pay a fine, and will not receive any points. Depending on the laws of the jurisdiction, the warning may or may not appear on records visible to officers, which, if it does, could result in another stop within a fixed period of time leading to an actual citation, or in some cases, the motorist may be charged with both offenses.\n question: do you have to pay for a warning ticket?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: An infraction is a public offense, but arguably not a crime, and is not punishable by imprisonment. Any person convicted of an infraction may only be punished by a fine, removal and/or disqualification from public office. Typically, most infractions are punished with a fine only. Examples of infractions in California are traffic violation such as exceeding the posted speed limit, etc.\n question: is a speeding ticket a crime in california?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Jaywalking is considered an infraction, but in some jurisdictions, it is a misdemeanor or requires a court appearance. The penalty is usually a fine. In some cities (e.g. New York City, Chicago, and Boston), although prohibited, ``jaywalking'' behavior has been so commonplace that police generally cite or detain jaywalkers only if their behavior is considered excessively dangerous or disruptive, such as running out in front of a moving vehicle, or crossing after the light is about to change to allow cross traffic to proceed. Penalties for jaywalking vary by state, and, within a state, may vary by county or municipality. In Tempe, Arizona, as of June, 2006, jaywalking carried fines up to US$118; a sampling of other U.S. cities found fines ranging from US$1 to US$1,000.\n question: can you get a ticket for j walking?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Nebraska /nɪˈbræskə/ ( listen) is a state that lies in both the Great Plains and the Midwestern United States. The state is bordered by South Dakota to the north, Iowa to the east and Missouri to the southeast, both across the Missouri River, Kansas to the south, Colorado to the southwest and Wyoming to the west. It is the only triply landlocked U.S. state. Nebraska's area is just over 77,220 sq mi (200,000 km) with almost 1.9 million people. Its state capital is Lincoln, and its largest city is Omaha, which is on the Missouri River.\n question: is nebraska in the middle of the usa?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: North America is a continent entirely within the Northern Hemisphere and almost all within the Western Hemisphere; it is also considered by some to be a northern subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the west and south by the Pacific Ocean, and to the southeast by South America and the Caribbean Sea.\n question: is the united states of america in the northern hemisphere?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Ogallala Aquifer is a shallow water table aquifer surrounded by sand, silt, clay and gravel located beneath the Great Plains in the United States. One of the world's largest aquifers, it underlies an area of approximately 174,000 sq mi (450,000 km) in portions of eight states (South Dakota, Nebraska, Wyoming, Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, and Texas). It was named in 1898 by geologist N.H. Darton from its type locality near the town of Ogallala, Nebraska. The aquifer is part of the High Plains Aquifer System, and rests on the Ogallala Formation, which is the principal geologic unit underlying 80% of the High Plains.\n question: is the ogallala aquifer the largest in the world?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: International Men's Day (IMD) is an annual international event celebrated every year on 19 November. Inaugurated in 1992 on February by Thomas Oaster The project of International Men's Day was conceived one year earlier on 8 February 1991. The project was re-initialised in 1999 in Trinidad and Tobago. The longest running celebration of International Men's Day is Malta, where events have occurred since 7 February 1994.\n question: is there such thing as international men's day?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Children's Day is a day recognised to celebrate children. The day is celebrated on various calendar dates in different countries.\n question: is there such thing as children's day?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Father's Day is a celebration honoring fathers and celebrating fatherhood, paternal bonds, and the influence of fathers in society. In Catholic Europe, it has been celebrated on March 19 (St. Joseph's Day) since the Middle Ages. This celebration was brought by the Spanish and Portuguese to Latin America, where March 19 is often still used for it, though many countries in Europe and the Americas have adopted the U.S. date, which is the third Sunday of June. It is celebrated on various days in many parts of the world, most commonly in the months of March, April and June. It complements similar celebrations honoring family members, such as Mother's Day, Siblings Day, and Grandparents' Day.\n question: is father's day the same day every year?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Imperialism and colonialism both dictate the political and economic advantage over a land and the indigenous populations they control, yet scholars sometimes find it difficult to illustrate the difference between the two. Although imperialism and colonialism focus on the suppression of an other, if colonialism refers to the process of a country taking physical control of another, imperialism refers to the political and monetary dominance, either formally or informally. Colonialism is seen to be the architect deciding how to start dominating areas and then imperialism can be seen as creating the idea behind conquest cooperating with colonialism. Colonialism is when the imperial nation begins a conquest over an area and then eventually is able to rule over the areas the previous nation had controlled. Colonialism's core meaning is the exploitation of the valuable assets and supplies of the nation that was conquered and the conquering nation then gaining the benefits from the spoils of the war. The meaning of imperialism is to create an empire, by conquering the other state's lands and therefore increasing its own dominance. Colonialism is the builder and preserver of the colonial possessions in an area by a population coming from a foreign region. Colonialism can completely change the existing social structure, physical structure and economics of an area; it is not unusual that the characteristics of the conquering peoples are inherited by the conquered indigenous populations. Few colonies remain remote from their mother country. Thus, most will eventually establish a separate nationality or remain under complete control of their mother colony.\n question: is there a difference between colonialism and imperialism?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The United Kingdom consists of four countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Their capitals are London, Belfast, Edinburgh, and Cardiff respectively. Apart from England, the countries have devolved administrations, each with varying powers. The nearby Isle of Man, Bailiwick of Guernsey and Bailiwick of Jersey are not part of the UK, being Crown dependencies with the British Government responsible for defence and international representation. The medieval conquest and subsequent annexation of Wales by the Kingdom of England, followed by the union between England and Scotland in 1707 to form the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the union in 1801 of Great Britain with the Kingdom of Ireland created the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the UK in 1922, leaving the present formulation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. There are fourteen British Overseas Territories, the remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in the 1920s, encompassed almost a quarter of the world's land mass and was the largest empire in history. British influence can be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former colonies.\n question: is there a difference between england and uk?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: International Studies (IS) generally refers to the specific university degrees and courses which are concerned with the study of 'the major political, economic, social, and cultural issues that dominate the international agenda'. Predominant topics are politics, economics and law on a global level. The term itself can be more specifically defined as 'the contemporary and historical understanding of global societies, cultures, languages and systems of government and of the complex relationships between them that shape the world we live in'. The terms and concepts of International Studies and international relations are strongly related; however, International relations focus more directly on the relationship between countries, whereas International Studies can encompass all phenomena which are globally oriented.\n question: are international studies and international relations the same?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Papua New Guinea (PNG; UK: /ˈpæp(j)uə ... ˈɡɪni, ˈpɑː-/, US: /ˈpæpjuə, pɑːˈpuːə/; Tok Pisin: Papua Niugini; Hiri Motu: Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is an Oceanian country that occupies the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia, a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean north of Australia. Its capital, located along its southeastern coast, is Port Moresby. The western half of New Guinea forms the Indonesian provinces of Papua and West Papua.\n question: is papua new guinea in the south pacific?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: East Timor (/-ˈtiːmɔːr/ ( listen)) or Timor-Leste (/tiˈmɔːr ˈlɛʃteɪ/; Tetum: Timór Lorosa'e), officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste (Portuguese: República Democrática de Timor-Leste, Tetum: Repúblika Demokrátika Timór-Leste), is a sovereign state in Maritime Southeast Asia. It comprises the eastern half of the island of Timor, the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco, and Oecusse, an exclave on the northwestern side of the island surrounded by Indonesian West Timor. Australia is the country's southern neighbor, separated by the Timor Sea. The country's size is about 15,410 km (5,400 sq mi).\n question: is timor leste and east timor the same?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: It begins off the east coast of Luzon, Philippines, Taiwan and flows northeastward past Japan, where it merges with the easterly drift of the North Pacific Current. It is analogous to the Gulf Stream in the Atlantic Ocean, transporting warm, tropical water northward toward the polar region. It is sometimes known as the Black Stream -- the English translation of kuroshio and an allusion to the deep blue of its water -- and also as the ``Japan Current'' (日本海流, Nihon Kairyū).\n question: is there a gulf stream in the pacific?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Tasman Sea features a number of mid-sea island groups, quite apart from coastal islands located near the Australian and New Zealand mainlands:\n question: are there any islands between australia and new zealand?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: A floating island is a mass of floating aquatic plants, mud, and peat ranging in thickness from several centimetres to a few metres. Floating islands are a common natural phenomenon that are found in many parts of the world. They exist less commonly as a man-made phenomenon. Floating islands are generally found on marshlands, lakes, and similar wetland locations, and can be many hectares in size.\n question: is there such a thing as a floating island?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Cook Strait (Māori: Te Moana-o-Raukawa) lies between the North and South Islands of New Zealand. It connects the Tasman Sea on the northwest with the South Pacific Ocean on the southeast, and runs next to the capital city, Wellington. It is 22 kilometres (14 mi) wide at its narrowest point, and is considered one of the most dangerous and unpredictable waters in the world.\n question: are the north and south islands of new zealand connected?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Book of Deuteronomy (literally ``second law,'' from Greek deuteros + nomos) is the fifth book of the Torah, where it is called the ``Book of Devarim'' (Heb. ספר דברים), and the Christian Old Testament.\n question: is the book of deuteronomy in the new testament?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: As the chapter and verse divisions did not appear in the original texts, they form part of the paratext of the Bible.\n question: did the original bible have chapters and verses?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Epistle of James (Ancient Greek: Ἰάκωβος, translit. Iakōbos), the Book of James, or simply James, is one of the 21 epistles (didactic letters) in the New Testament.\n question: is the book of james in the new testament?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Hannibal is a 2001 American psychological horror film directed by Ridley Scott, adapted from Thomas Harris's 1999 novel of the same name. It is the sequel to the 1991 Academy Award--winning film The Silence of the Lambs in which Anthony Hopkins returns to his role as the iconic serial killer, Hannibal Lecter. Julianne Moore co-stars, in the role first held by Jodie Foster, as FBI Special Agent Clarice Starling.\n question: is there a sequel to the silence of the lambs?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Silence of the Lambs is a novel by Thomas Harris. First published in 1988, it is the sequel to Harris' 1981 novel Red Dragon. Both novels feature the cannibalistic serial killer Dr. Hannibal Lecter, this time pitted against FBI Special Agent Clarice Starling. Its film adaptation directed by Jonathan Demme was released in 1991 to box office success and critical acclaim.\n question: was silence of the lambs based on a book?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Silence of the Lambs is a 1991 American horror-thriller film directed by Jonathan Demme and starring Jodie Foster, Anthony Hopkins, and Scott Glenn. It was adapted by Ted Tally from Thomas Harris's 1988 novel of the same name. The novel was Harris's second to feature the character of Dr. Hannibal Lecter, a brilliant psychiatrist and cannibalistic serial killer. The film was the second adaptation of a Harris novel to feature Lecter, preceded by the Michael Mann-directed Manhunter in 1986. In the film, Clarice Starling, a young U.S. FBI trainee, seeks the advice of the imprisoned Dr. Lecter to apprehend another serial killer, known only as ``Buffalo Bill''.\n question: is silence of the lambs the first movie?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The relatively static membrane potential of quiescent cells is called the resting membrane potential (or resting voltage), as opposed to the specific dynamic electrochemical phenomena called action potential and graded membrane potential.\n question: is membrane potential the same as resting potential?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Although the overall potential of a cell can be measured, there is no simple way to accurately measure the electrode/electrolyte potentials in isolation. The electric potential also varies with temperature, concentration and pressure. Since the oxidation potential of a half-reaction is the negative of the reduction potential in a redox reaction, it is sufficient to calculate either one of the potentials. Therefore, standard electrode potential is commonly written as standard reduction potential.\n question: is electrode potential the same as reduction potential?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The resting membrane potential is not an equilibrium potential as it relies on the constant expenditure of energy (for ionic pumps as mentioned above) for its maintenance. It is a dynamic diffusion potential that takes this mechanism into account--wholly unlike the equilibrium potential, which is true no matter the nature of the system under consideration. The resting membrane potential is dominated by the ionic species in the system that has the greatest conductance across the membrane. For most cells this is potassium. As potassium is also the ion with the most negative equilibrium potential, usually the resting potential can be no more negative than the potassium equilibrium potential. The resting potential can be calculated with the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz voltage equation using the concentrations of ions as for the equilibrium potential while also including the relative permeabilities of each ionic species. Under normal conditions, it is safe to assume that only potassium, sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl) ions play large roles for the resting potential:\n question: is equilibrium potential the same as resting potential?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The question can refer to the explanation of a specific observation, as in ``Why is the sky blue?'' but can also be open-ended, as in ``How can I design a drug to cure this particular disease?'' This stage frequently involves finding and evaluating evidence from previous experiments, personal scientific observations or assertions, as well as the work of other scientists. If the answer is already known, a different question that builds on the evidence can be posed. When applying the scientific method to research, determining a good question can be very difficult and it will affect the outcome of the investigation.\n question: are research and scientific method related to one another?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: These terms are used with respect to reasoning (epistemology) to distinguish ``necessary conclusions from first premises'' (i.e., what must come before sense observation) from ``conclusions based on sense observation'' (which must follow it). Thus, the two kinds of knowledge, justification, or argument, may be glossed:\n question: science begins with the premise that knowledge should first be acquired through observation?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: In sociology, social psychology, also known as sociological social psychology or microsociology, is an area of sociology that focuses on social actions and on interrelations of personality, values, and mind with social structure and culture. Some of the major topics in this field are social status,structural power, sociocultural change, social inequality and prejudice, leadership and intra-group behavior, social exchange, group conflict, impression formation and management, conversation structures, socialization, social constructionism, social norms and deviance, identity and roles, and emotional labor. The primary methods of data collection are sample surveys, field observations, vignette studies, field experiments, and controlled experiments.\n question: is sociology and social psychology the same thing?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Mantas evolved from bottom-dwelling stingrays, eventually developing more wing-like pectoral fins. M. birostris still has a vestigial remnant of a sting barb in the form of a caudal spine. The mouths of most rays lie on the underside of the head, while in mantas they are right at the front. Manta rays and devil rays are the only ray species that have evolved into filter feeders.\n question: do manta rays have barbs on their tails?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: In its life cycle, an adult flounder has two eyes on one side of its head, and at hatching one eye is on each side of its head. One eye migrates to the other side of the body through a metamorphosis as it grows from larval to juvenile stage. As an adult, a flounder changes its habits and camouflages itself by lying on the bottom of the ocean floor as protection against predators. As a result, the eyes are then on the side which faces up. The side to which the eyes migrate is dependent on the species type.\n question: are flounders born with eyes on both sides?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The mahi-mahi (/ˈmɑːhiːˈmɑːhiː/) or common dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) is a surface-dwelling ray-finned fish found in off-shore temperate, tropical, and subtropical waters worldwide. Also widely called dorado and dolphin, it is one of two members of the Coryphaenidae family, the other being the pompano dolphinfish.\n question: is mahi-mahi a type of dolphin?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again is a 2018 jukebox musical romantic comedy film written and directed by Ol Parker, from a story by Parker, Catherine Johnson, and Richard Curtis. It is a follow-up to the 2008 film Mamma Mia!, which in turn is based on the musical of the same name using the music of ABBA. The film features an ensemble cast, including Lily James, Amanda Seyfried, Christine Baranski, Julie Walters, Pierce Brosnan, Andy García, Dominic Cooper, Colin Firth, Stellan Skarsgård, Jessica Keenan Wynn, Alexa Davies, Jeremy Irvine, Josh Dylan, Hugh Skinner, Cher, and Meryl Streep. Both a prequel and a sequel, the plot is set after the events of the first film, and also features flashbacks to 1979, telling the story of Donna Sheridan's arrival on the island of Kalokairi and her first meetings with her daughter Sophie's three possible fathers.\n question: is the new mama mia movie a musical?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again is a 2018 jukebox musical romantic comedy film written and directed by Ol Parker, from a story by Parker, Catherine Johnson, and Richard Curtis. It is a follow-up to the 2008 film Mamma Mia!, which in turn is based on the musical of the same name using the music of ABBA. The film features an ensemble cast, including Lily James, Amanda Seyfried, Christine Baranski, Julie Walters, Pierce Brosnan, Andy García, Dominic Cooper, Colin Firth, Stellan Skarsgård, Jessica Keenan Wynn, Alexa Davies, Jeremy Irvine, Josh Dylan, Hugh Skinner, Cher, and Meryl Streep. Both a prequel and a sequel, the plot is set after the events of the first film, and also features flashbacks to 1979, telling the story of Donna Sheridan's arrival on the island of Kalokairi and her first meetings with her daughter Sophie's three possible fathers.\n question: are the songs in mamma mia 2 all abba?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again was announced on May 19, 2017, with a release date of July 20, 2018. It was written and directed by Ol Parker. On September 27, 2017, Benny Andersson confirmed 3 ABBA songs that would be featured in the film: ``When I Kissed the Teacher,'' ``I Wonder (Departure),'' and ``Angeleyes.'' ``I Wonder (Departure)'' was cut from the film, but is included on the soundtrack album.\n question: were all songs in mamma mia 2 by abba?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: To maintain lactation, a dairy cow must be bred and produce calves. Depending on market conditions, the cow may be bred with a ``dairy bull'' or a ``beef bull.'' Female calves (heifers) with dairy breeding may be kept as replacement cows for the dairy herd. If a replacement cow turns out to be a substandard producer of milk, she then goes to market and can be slaughtered for beef. Male calves can either be used later as a breeding bull or sold and used for veal or beef. Dairy farmers usually begin breeding or artificially inseminating heifers around 13 months of age. A cow's gestation period is approximately nine months. Newborn calves are removed from their mothers quickly, usually within three days, as the mother/calf bond intensifies over time and delayed separation can cause extreme stress on both cow and calf.\n question: do cows need to have babies to produce milk?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: To maintain lactation, a dairy cow must be bred and produce calves. Depending on market conditions, the cow may be bred with a ``dairy bull'' or a ``beef bull.'' Female calves (heifers) with dairy breeding may be kept as replacement cows for the dairy herd. If a replacement cow turns out to be a substandard producer of milk, she then goes to market and can be slaughtered for beef. Male calves can either be used later as a breeding bull or sold and used for veal or beef. Dairy farmers usually begin breeding or artificially inseminating heifers around 13 months of age. A cow's gestation period is approximately nine months. Newborn calves are removed from their mothers quickly, usually within three days, as the mother/calf bond intensifies over time and delayed separation can cause extreme stress on both cow and calf.\n question: do cows need to have a baby to produce milk?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: To maintain lactation, a dairy cow must be bred and produce calves. Depending on market conditions, the cow may be bred with a ``dairy bull'' or a ``beef bull.'' Female calves (heifers) with dairy breeding may be kept as replacement cows for the dairy herd. If a replacement cow turns out to be a substandard producer of milk, she then goes to market and can be slaughtered for beef. Male calves can either be used later as a breeding bull or sold and used for veal or beef. Dairy farmers usually begin breeding or artificially inseminating heifers around 13 months of age. A cow's gestation period is approximately nine months. Newborn calves are removed from their mothers quickly, usually within three days, as the mother/calf bond intensifies over time and delayed separation can cause extreme stress on both cow and calf.\n question: do dairy cows produce milk without giving birth?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: It is important to note that while all non-competitive inhibitors bind the enzyme at allosteric sites (i.e. locations other than its active site)--not all inhibitors that bind at allosteric sites are non-competitive inhibitors. In fact, allosteric inhibitors may act as competitive, non-competitive, or uncompetitive inhibitors.\n question: is allosteric inhibition the same as noncompetitive inhibition?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: It is worth noting that the confidence interval for a parameter is not the same as the acceptance region of a test for this parameter, as is sometimes thought. The confidence interval is part of the parameter space, whereas the acceptance region is part of the sample space. For the same reason, the confidence level is not the same as the complementary probability of the level of significance.\n question: is significance level the same as confidence interval?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: In addition to those listed above, the most important modification of primary structure is peptide cleavage (by chemical hydrolysis or by proteases). Proteins are often synthesized in an inactive precursor form; typically, an N-terminal or C-terminal segment blocks the active site of the protein, inhibiting its function. The protein is activated by cleaving off the inhibitory peptide.\n question: is the orientation of a protein sequence important for the protein function?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The mountain lion (Puma concolor), also called the cougar, is the largest member of the cat family living in Yellowstone. Mountain lions can weigh up to 200 pounds (~90 kg), although lions in Yellowstone are thought to range between 140 and 160 pounds (~65 and ~70 kg) for males and around 100 pounds (45 kg) for females. Two to three kittens may be born at any time of year, although most arrive in summer and fall. For reasons that are not clear, only about 50 percent of kittens survive their first year. The current population of lions in Yellowstone is estimated to be 18-24 animals and is thought to be increasing. Mountain lions live an average lifespan of about 12 years in the wild.\n question: are there mountain lions in yellowstone national park?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The cougar (Puma concolor), also commonly known as the puma, mountain lion, panther, or catamount, is a large felid of the subfamily Felinae native to the Americas. Its range, from the Canadian Yukon to the southern Andes of South America, is the widest of any large wild terrestrial mammal in the Western Hemisphere. An adaptable, generalist species, the cougar is found in most American habitat types. It is the biggest cat in North America and the second-heaviest cat in the New World after the jaguar. Secretive and largely solitary by nature, the cougar is properly considered both nocturnal and crepuscular, although daytime sightings do occur. The cougar is more closely related to smaller felines, including the domestic cat (subfamily Felinae), than to any species of subfamily Pantherinae, of which only the jaguar is native to the Americas.\n question: is mountain lion and cougar the same cat?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The liger can grow to be much larger than its parent species, the lion and tiger. In particular, a liger called 'Nook' is reported to have weighed over 550 kg (1,210 lb).\n question: are tigers the biggest cat in the world?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Biblical Aramaic is the form of Aramaic that is used in the books of Daniel, Ezra and a few other places in the Hebrew Bible. It should not be confused with the Aramaic paraphrases, explanations and expansions of the Jewish scriptures, which are known as targumim.\n question: was any part of the bible written in aramaic?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: It is wholly extant only in the Ge'ez language, with Aramaic fragments from the Dead Sea Scrolls and a few Greek and Latin fragments. For this and other reasons, the traditional Ethiopian belief is that the original language of the work was Ge'ez, whereas non-Ethiopian scholars tend to assert that it was first written in either Aramaic or Hebrew; Ephraim Isaac suggests that the Book of Enoch, like the Book of Daniel, was composed partially in Aramaic and partially in Hebrew. No Hebrew version is known to have survived. It is asserted in the book itself that its author was Enoch, before the Biblical Flood.\n question: was the book of enoch in the dead sea scrolls?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: As the chapter and verse divisions did not appear in the original texts, they form part of the paratext of the Bible.\n question: did the original bible have chapters and verses?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The IANA time zone database contains one zone for the United Kingdom in the file zone.tab, named Europe/London. This refers to the area having the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code ``GB''. The zone names Europe/Guernsey, Europe/Isle_of_Man and Europe/Jersey exist because they have their own ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 but the zone.tab entries are links to Europe/London. There are several entries for UK possessions around the world.\n question: is all of the uk in the same time zone?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The IANA time zone database contains one zone for Ireland in the file zone.tab, named Europe/Dublin.\n question: is all of ireland in the same time zone?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Spain has two time zones and observes daylight saving time. Spain mainly uses Central European Time (GMT+01:00) and Central European Summer Time (GMT+02:00) in Peninsular Spain, the Balearic Islands, Ceuta, Melilla and plazas de soberanía. In the Canary Islands, the time zone is Western European Time (GMT±00:00) and Western European Summer Time (GMT+01:00). Daylight saving time is observed from the last Sunday in March (01:00 GMT) to the last Sunday in October (01:00 GMT) throughout Spain.\n question: is spain all in the same time zone?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Cheers Beacon Hill is a bar/restaurant located on Beacon Street in the Beacon Hill neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, across from the Boston Public Garden. Founded in 1969 as the Bull & Finch Pub, the bar is best remembered internationally as the exterior of the bar seen in the hit NBC sitcom Cheers, which ran between 1982 and 1993.\n question: is there a real cheers bar in boston?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Cheers Beacon Hill is a bar/restaurant located on Beacon Street in the Beacon Hill neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, across from the Boston Public Garden. Founded in 1969 as the Bull & Finch Pub, the bar is best remembered internationally as the exterior of the bar seen in the hit NBC sitcom Cheers, which ran between 1982 and 1993.\n question: is there really a cheers bar in boston?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Chinatown in St. Louis, Missouri, was a Chinatown near Downtown St. Louis that existed from 1869 until its demolition for Busch Memorial Stadium in 1966. Also called Hop Alley, it was bounded by Seventh, Tenth, Walnut and Chestnut streets.\n question: is there a chinatown in st louis mo?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: When asked in an interview what he wanted to do after Slacker, Richard Linklater said ``'I want to make this teenage rock'n'roll spree.' I knew I wanted the story to take place on one day in the spring of 1976, but at one point it was much more experimental. The whole movie took place in a car with the characters driving around listening to ZZ Top.'' Lee Daniel, the director of photography, described the concept: ``It would have been two shots--one of a guy putting in an eight-track of ZZ Top's Fandango! and one of two guys driving around talking. The film would be the length of the actual album, and you'd hear each track in the background as a source.''\n question: is dazed and confused based on a true story?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Five Heartbeats is a 1991 musical drama film directed by Robert Townsend, who co-wrote the script with Keenen Ivory Wayans. Distributed by 20th Century Fox, the film's main cast includes Townsend, Michael Wright, Leon Robinson, Harry J. Lennix, Tico Wells, Harold Nicholas of the Nicholas Brothers, and Diahann Carroll. The plot of the film (which is loosely based on the lives of several artists: The Dells, The Temptations, Four Tops, Wilson Pickett, James Brown, Frankie Lymon, Sam Cooke and others) follows the three decade career of the rhythm and blues vocal group The Five Heartbeats. The film depicts the rise and fall of a Motown inspired soul act through the eyes of one of the Heartbeats, Donald ``Duck'' Matthews.\n question: was the five heartbeats based on a real group?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Scott and Sid is the 2018 coming-of-age feature film directed, written and produced by Scott Elliott and Sid Sadowskyj. Based on the filmmakers' real lives, this tale evolves around the lives of the two male protagonists as they strive to fulfil a list of ambitions made when they were 15, with the ultimate goal to make a film before they reach the age of thirty. The film stars Richard Mason and Tom Blyth, both making their debuts as the lead characters in the film, whilst Charlotte Milchard takes on the supporting role as Sid's mum. The film was theatrically released in the UK in March 2018, by Dreamchasers Film Ltd.\n question: is scott and sid based on a true story?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Northern Ireland (Irish: Tuaisceart Éireann (ˈt̪ɣuəʃcəɾɣt̪ɣ ˈeːɾjən̪ɣ) ( listen); Ulster-Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom in the north-east of the island of Ireland, variously described as a country, province or region. Northern Ireland shares a border to the south and west with the Republic of Ireland. In 2011, its population was 1,810,863, constituting about 30% of the island's total population and about 3% of the UK's population. Established by the Northern Ireland Act 1998 as part of the Good Friday Agreement, the Northern Ireland Assembly holds responsibility for a range of devolved policy matters, while other areas are reserved for the British government. Northern Ireland co-operates with the Republic of Ireland in some areas, and the Agreement granted the Republic the ability to ``put forward views and proposals'' with ``determined efforts to resolve disagreements between the two governments''.\n question: is northern ireland the same as republic of ireland?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Ireland (Irish: Éire (ˈeːɾjə) ( listen)), also known as the Republic of Ireland (Poblacht na hÉireann), is a sovereign state in north-western Europe occupying 26 of 32 counties of the island of Ireland. The capital and largest city is Dublin, which is located on the eastern part of the island, and whose metropolitan area is home to around a third of the country's 4.8 million inhabitants. The state shares its only land border with Northern Ireland, a part of the United Kingdom. It is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the Celtic Sea to the south, Saint George's Channel to the south-east, and the Irish Sea to the east. It is a unitary, parliamentary republic. The legislature, the Oireachtas, consists of a lower house, Dáil Éireann, an upper house, Seanad Éireann, and an elected President (Uachtarán) who serves as the largely ceremonial head of state, but with some important powers and duties. The head of government is the Taoiseach (Prime Minister, literally 'Chief', a title not used in English), who is elected by the Dáil and appointed by the President; the Taoiseach in turn appoints other government ministers.\n question: is the republic of ireland part of the united kingdom?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Northern Ireland (Irish: Tuaisceart Éireann (ˈt̪ɣuəʃcəɾɣt̪ɣ ˈeːɾjən̪ɣ) ( listen); Ulster-Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom in the north-east of the island of Ireland, variously described as a country, province or region. Northern Ireland shares a border to the south and west with the Republic of Ireland. In 2011, its population was 1,810,863, constituting about 30% of the island's total population and about 3% of the UK's population. Established by the Northern Ireland Act 1998 as part of the Good Friday Agreement, the Northern Ireland Assembly holds responsibility for a range of devolved policy matters, while other areas are reserved for the British government. Northern Ireland co-operates with the Republic of Ireland in some areas, and the Agreement granted the Republic the ability to ``put forward views and proposals'' with ``determined efforts to resolve disagreements between the two governments''.\n question: is northern ireland part of the united kingdom?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Articles were created by delegates from the states in the Second Continental Congress out of a need to have ``a plan of confederacy for securing the freedom, sovereignty, and independence of the United States.'' After the war, nationalists, especially those who had been active in the Continental Army, complained that the Articles were too weak for an effective government. There was no president, no executive agencies, no judiciary and no tax base. The absence of a tax base meant that there was no way to pay off state and national debts from the war years except by requesting money from the states, which seldom arrived.\n question: was there a president in the articles of confederation?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The peace treaty left the United States independent and at peace but with an unsettled governmental structure. The Articles envisioned a permanent confederation, but granted to the Congress--the only federal institution--little power to finance itself or to ensure that its resolutions were enforced. There was no president, no executive agencies, no judiciary and no tax base. The absence of a tax base meant that there was no way to pay off state and national debts from the war years except by requesting money from the states, which seldom arrived. Although historians generally agree that the Articles were too weak to hold the fast-growing nation together, they do give credit to the settlement of the western issue, as the states voluntarily turned over their lands to national control.\n question: were the articles of confederation effective in binding the states together?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Second Continental Congress convened on May 10, 1775, at Philadelphia's State House, passing the resolution for independence the following year on July 2, 1776, and publicly asserting the decision two days later with the Declaration of Independence. Thomas Jefferson of Virginia drafted the declaration, and John Adams was a leader in the debates in favor of its adoption. John Hancock of Massachusetts was the president during those debates. To govern during the American Revolutionary War, the Second Continental Congress continued, meeting at various locations, until it became the Congress of the Confederation when the Articles of Confederation were ratified on March 1, 1781.\n question: the second continental congress ran the government during the revolutionary war?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: There is no legal statute specifically prohibiting the carry of a firearm other than a handgun (pre-1899 black powder weapons, and replicas of such, are not legally firearms in Texas). However, if the firearm is displayed in a manner ``calculated to cause alarm,'' then it is ``disorderly conduct''. Open carry of a handgun in public had long been illegal in Texas, except when the carrier was on property he/she owned or had lawful control over, was legally hunting, or was participating in some gun-related public event such as a gun show. However, the 2015 Texas Legislature passed a bill to allow concealed handgun permit holders to begin carrying handguns openly. The bill was signed into law on June 13, 2015, and took effect on January 1, 2016. A License to Carry (LTC) is still required to carry a handgun openly or concealed in public.\n question: can a bar owner carry a gun in texas?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: There is no legal statute specifically prohibiting the carry of a firearm other than a handgun (pre-1899 black powder weapons, and replicas of such, are not legally firearms in Texas). However, if the firearm is displayed in a manner ``calculated to cause alarm,'' then it is ``disorderly conduct''. Open carry of a handgun in public had long been illegal in Texas, except when the carrier was on property he/she owned or had lawful control over, was legally hunting, or was participating in some gun-related public event such as a gun show. However, the 2015 Texas Legislature passed a bill to allow concealed handgun permit holders to begin carrying handguns openly. The bill was signed into law on June 13, 2015, and took effect on January 1, 2016. A License to Carry (LTC) is still required to carry a handgun openly or concealed in public.\n question: can you open carry a handgun on your property in texas?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: There is no legal statute specifically prohibiting the carry of a firearm other than a handgun (pre-1899 black powder weapons, and replicas of such, are not legally firearms in Texas). However, if the firearm is displayed in a manner ``calculated to cause alarm,'' then it is ``disorderly conduct''. Open carry of a handgun in public had long been illegal in Texas, except when the carrier was on property he/she owned or had lawful control over, was legally hunting, or was participating in some gun-related public event such as a gun show. However, the 2015 Texas Legislature passed a bill to allow concealed handgun permit holders to begin carrying handguns openly. The bill was signed into law on June 13, 2015, and took effect on January 1, 2016. A License to Carry (LTC) is still required to carry a handgun openly or concealed in public.\n question: can i carry a gun in texas without a license?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: As the Confederation Congress attempted to govern the continually growing American states, delegates discovered that the limitations placed upon the central government rendered it ineffective at doing so. As the government's weaknesses became apparent, especially after Shays' Rebellion, individuals began asking for changes to the Articles. Their hope was to create a stronger national government. Initially, some states met to deal with their trade and economic problems. However, as more states became interested in meeting to change the Articles, a meeting was set in Philadelphia on May 25, 1787. This became the Constitutional Convention. It was quickly realized that changes would not work, and instead the entire Articles needed to be replaced. On March 4, 1789, the government under the Articles was replaced with the federal government under the Constitution. The new Constitution provided for a much stronger federal government by establishing a chief executive (the President), courts, and taxing powers.\n question: do we still follow the articles of confederation?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: As the Confederation Congress attempted to govern the continually growing American states, delegates discovered that the limitations placed upon the central government rendered it ineffective at doing so. As the government's weaknesses became apparent, especially after Shays' Rebellion, individuals began asking for changes to the Articles. Their hope was to create a stronger national government. Initially, some states met to deal with their trade and economic problems. However, as more states became interested in meeting to change the Articles, a meeting was set in Philadelphia on May 25, 1787. This became the Constitutional Convention. It was quickly realized that changes would not work, and instead the entire Articles needed to be replaced. On March 4, 1789, the government under the Articles was replaced with the federal government under the Constitution. The new Constitution provided for a much stronger federal government by establishing a chief executive (the President), courts, and taxing powers.\n question: are the articles of confederation part of the constitution?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: A federal government is the common or national government of a federation. The United States is considered the first modern federation. After declaring independence from Britain, the U.S. adopted its first constitution, the Articles of Confederation in 1781. This was the first step towards federalism by establishing the confederal Congress. However, Congress was limited as to its ability to pursue economic, military, and judiciary reform. In 1787, a Constitutional Convention drafted the United States Constitution during the Philadelphia Convention. After the ratification of the Constitution by nine states in 1788, the U.S. was officially a federation, putting the U.S. in a unique position where the central government exists by the sufferance of the individual states rather than the reverse.\n question: is the national government the same as the federal government?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The near side of the Moon is the lunar hemisphere that is permanently turned towards Earth, whereas the opposite side is the far side. Only one side of the Moon is visible from Earth because the Moon rotates on its axis at the same rate that the Moon orbits the Earth -- a situation known as synchronous rotation, or tidal locking.\n question: can we see both sides of the moon?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: A solar eclipse (as seen from the planet Earth) is a type of eclipse that occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and when the Moon fully or partially blocks (``occults'') the Sun. This can happen only at new moon when the Sun and the Moon are in conjunction as seen from Earth in an alignment referred to as syzygy. In a total eclipse, the disk of the Sun is fully obscured by the Moon. In partial and annular eclipses, only part of the Sun is obscured.\n question: can there be a solar eclipse during a full moon?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: A full moon is often thought of as an event of a full night's duration. This is somewhat misleading because its phase seen from Earth continuously waxes or wanes (though much too slowly to notice in real time with the naked eye). Its maximum illumination occurs at the moment waxing has stopped. For any given location, about half of these maximum full moons may be visible, while the other half occurs during the day, when the full moon is below the horizon.\n question: does full moon occur same time around world?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Roxanne Roxanne is a 2017 American drama film written and directed by Michael Larnell. It stars Chanté Adams, Mahershala Ali, Nia Long, Elvis Nolasco, Kevin Phillips and Shenell Edmonds. The film revolves around the life of rapper Roxanne Shanté. It was screened in the U.S. Dramatic Competition section of the 2017 Sundance Film Festival.\n question: is the movie roxanne roxanne a true story?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The plot of the film is drawn from the play Chicago by Maurine Dallas Watkins which was in turn based on the true story of Beulah Annan, fictionalized as Roxie Hart (Phyllis Haver), and her spectacular murder of her boyfriend.\n question: is chicago the movie based on a true story?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: We Are Your Friends is a 2015 drama film directed by Max Joseph (in his directorial debut) and written by Joseph and Meaghan Oppenheimer, from a story by Richard Silverman. The film stars Zac Efron, Emily Ratajkowski and Wes Bentley, and follows a young Los Angeles DJ trying to make it in the music industry and figure out life with his friends.\n question: is we are your friends a true story?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Taylor Hayes is a fictional character from the American CBS soap opera The Bold and the Beautiful, portrayed by Hunter Tylo. The character was created by William J. Bell and debuted during the episode dated June 6, 1990. Tylo appeared as a regular continuously until 1994 when she took a hiatus for a few months before being written back into the series. In 1996, she left the serial after being cast on Melrose Place, where she was soon fired on the grounds of being pregnant, and returned shortly after. In 2002, Tylo and the show's executive producer Bradley Bell had mutually agreed that the character was ``played out'', and Taylor was subsequently killed off, last appearing on October 30, 2002. Tylo returned in 2004, reprising Taylor as a ghost. She returned on a permanent basis in April 2005, with the character revealed to be alive. Tylo exited The Bold and the Beautiful again in July 2013, but returned for multiple guest appearances in 2014. She returned again in April 2018.\n question: is taylor back on the bold and the beautiful?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: After a season of failed attempts to get herself and her sons out of Charming (including a false pregnancy and subsequently faked miscarriage to bar Gemma Teller-Morrow from gaining custody of Abel and Thomas, should Tara go to prison), and after Tara and Jax's relationship was tested (Tara and Jax are having problems with her being behind bars for her involvement in the death of a nurse. Jax is seen at the end of episode 1 cheating on Tara with Colette Jane, an escort handler) Tara finds herself at odds with everyone she was supposed to be able to trust and chooses to use the bullet she pulled from Bobby Munson's shoulder as evidence necessary to grant her witness protection, in turn making her a rat and a liability to the MC and to Jax himself. In a last-minute plot twist, Jax finds Tara at a park in Lodi. They talk for several minutes and then the scene cuts to the motel room Tara had been hiding in. The two come to an understanding and Jax surrenders himself to the mercy of DA Tyne Patterson in exchange for Tara's immunity for all the crimes she committed on behalf the MC, specifically that of the murder of Pamela Toric, for which she was accused in season 5 but did not have anything to do with. The DA agrees to what Jax offers her after a few moments of reluctance to believe that he will come through. With that, Jax has let Tara know that he truly loves her and their sons more than anything. They cry and make love. Tara and Jax agree to meet the DA at the Teller home at 6pm after he spends his last hours as a free man with his sons. He tells Chibs and Bobby he will most likely be sentenced to 25 years, with parole in 10, 7 if he's lucky. Tara gets home earlier than expected and the house is empty, save for Eli, the sheriff, who entered the house with her so they could talk in private and he could help her bring her suitcases into the house, as she decided not to run away and do what Jax asked of her; raise their sons.\n question: does tara get out of jail in season 6?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Will was written out of the show a month before its 50th anniversary, with the character being graphically murdered in the episode of October 9, 2015. This generated ``major'' fan backlash, and criticism in the soap press, as well as accusations that Days of Our Lives was pandering to anti-gay sentiment in its audience base. Sweeney, who had left the show, but returned to shoot the funeral, said ``it was a huge mistake to kill Will, especially for the show's 50th anniversary''. After Days changed headwriters, on May 8, 2017, Entertainment Weekly reported that Massey was returning to Days of Our Lives to play Will. The same day, new headwriter Ron Carlivati indicated Will may not have died after all. Massey's first new episode was broadcast on September 15, 2017, when a drunken grieving Lucas hallucinates seeing his son. The character is expected to return alive in an upcoming episode.\n question: did will die on days of our lives?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Princeton professor April Alliston wrote, ``Though no literary masterpiece, Fifty Shades is more than parasitic fan fiction based on the recent Twilight vampire series.'' Entertainment Weekly writer Lisa Schwarzbaum gave the book a ``B+'' rating and praised it for being ``in a class by itself.'' British author Jenny Colgan in The Guardian wrote ``It is jolly, eminently readable and as sweet and safe as BDSM (bondage, discipline, sadism and masochism) erotica can be without contravening the trade descriptions act'' and also praised the book for being ``more enjoyable'' than other ``literary erotic books''. The Daily Telegraph noted that the book was ``the definition of a page-turner'', noting that the book was both ``troubling and intriguing''. A reviewer for the Ledger-Enquirer described the book as guilty fun and escapism, and that it ``also touches on one aspect of female existence (female submission). And acknowledging that fact -- maybe even appreciating it -- shouldn't be a cause for guilt.'' The New Zealand Herald stated that the book ``will win no prizes for its prose'' and that ``there are some exceedingly awful descriptions,'' although it was also an easy read; ``(If you only) can suspend your disbelief and your desire to -- if you'll pardon the expression -- slap the heroine for having so little self respect, you might enjoy it.'' The Columbus Dispatch stated that, ``Despite the clunky prose, James does cause one to turn the page.'' Metro News Canada wrote that ``suffering through 500 pages of this heroine's inner dialogue was torturous, and not in the intended, sexy kind of way''. Jessica Reaves, of the Chicago Tribune, wrote that the ``book's source material isn't great literature'', noting that the novel is ``sprinkled liberally and repeatedly with asinine phrases'', and described it as ``depressing''.\n question: is 50 shades of grey based off of twilight?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The Fifty Shades trilogy was developed from a Twilight fan fiction series originally titled Master of the Universe and published episodically on fan-fiction websites under the pen name ``Snowqueen's Icedragon''. The piece featured characters named after Stephenie Meyer's characters in Twilight, Edward Cullen and Bella Swan. After comments concerning the sexual nature of the material, James removed the story from the fan-fiction websites and published it on her own website, FiftyShades.com. Later she rewrote Master of the Universe as an original piece, with the principal characters renamed Christian Grey and Anastasia Steele and removed it from her website before publication. Meyer commented on the series, saying ``that's really not my genre, not my thing... Good on her--she's doing well. That's great!''\n question: did fifty shades of grey started as fanfiction?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Black Swan is a 2010 American psychological horror film directed by Darren Aronofsky. The screenplay was written by Mark Heyman, John McLaughlin, and Andres Heinz, based on an original story by Heinz. The film stars Natalie Portman, Vincent Cassel, Mila Kunis, Barbara Hershey and Winona Ryder. The plot revolves around a production of Tchaikovsky's Swan Lake ballet by a prestigious New York City ballet company. The production requires a ballerina to play the innocent and fragile White Swan, for which the committed dancer Nina (Portman) is a perfect fit, as well as the dark and sensual Black Swan, which are qualities better embodied by the new arrival Lily (Kunis). Nina is overwhelmed by a feeling of immense pressure when she finds herself competing for the part, causing her to lose her tenuous grip on reality and descend into a living nightmare.\n question: is black swan movie based on a book?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Jason Voorhees is the main character from the Friday the 13th series. He first appeared in Friday the 13th (1980) as the young son of camp cook-turned-killer Mrs. Voorhees, in which he was portrayed by Ari Lehman. Created by Victor Miller, with contributions by Ron Kurz, Sean S. Cunningham and Tom Savini, Jason was not originally intended to carry the series as the main antagonist. The character has subsequently been represented in various other media, including novels, video games, comic books, and a crossover film with another iconic horror film character, Freddy Krueger.\n question: is jason in the first friday the 13th?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: On January 27, 2017, it was reported that the reboot's working title was Friday the 13th: Part 13, Platinum Dunes was looking for someone to play a young Jason Voorhees, and production would begin in March 2017, slated for a Friday, October 13, 2017 release date. On February 6, 2017, it was announced that Paramount officially canceled the project due to the low box office grosses of Rings, and Paramount assigned the October 13, 2017 release date to its upcoming film, Mother!. On October 10, 2017, Shannon and Swift revealed the title of their proposed sequel, Friday The 13th: Camp Blood -- The Death of Jason Voorhees. The rights to the franchise are slated to revert to New Line/Warner Bros. in 2018. However, Victor Miller, who wrote the original Friday the 13th screenplay, asserted that Horror Inc. derived its current copyright to the screenplay from Miller's transfer of copyright to Horror Inc.'s predecessor-in-interest, the Manny Company. Miller sent a Notice of Termination to Horror Inc. on January 26, 2016, purportedly reclaiming his rights to the screenplay and the content contained therein through termination of the transfer of rights he had formerly made to the Manny Company.\n question: will there be a new friday the 13th?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Robert Barton Englund (born June 6, 1947) is an American actor, voice actor, singer, and director, best known for playing the infamous serial killer Freddy Krueger in the Nightmare on Elm Street film series. He received a Saturn Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor for A Nightmare on Elm Street 3: Dream Warriors in 1987 and A Nightmare on Elm Street 4: The Dream Master in 1988. Englund is a classically trained actor.\n question: did the actor who played freddy krueger die?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: As the century progressed, some surgical interventions, including the pneumothorax or plombage technique--collapsing an infected lung to ``rest'' it and allow the lesions to heal--were used to treat tuberculosis. Pneumothorax was not a new technique by any means. In 1696, Giorgio Baglivi reported a general improvement in tuberculosis sufferers after they received sword wounds to the chest. F.H. Ramadge induced the first successful therapeutic pneumothorax in 1834, and reported subsequently the patient was cured. It was in the 20th century, however, that scientists sought to rigorously investigate the effectiveness of such procedures. In 1939, the British Journal of Tuberculosis published a study by Oli Hjaltested and Kjeld Törning on 191 patients undergoing the procedure between 1925 and 1931; in 1951, Roger Mitchell published several articles on the therapeutic outcomes of 557 patients treated between 1930 and 1939 at Trudeau Sanatorium in Saranac Lake. The search for a medicinal cure, however, continued in earnest.\n question: was there a cure for tuberculosis in the 1800s?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: It is important to note that mithridatism is not effective against all types of poison (immunity generally is only possible with biologically complex types which the immune system can respond to) and, depending on the toxin, the practice can lead to the lethal accumulation of a poison in the body. Results depend on how each poison is processed by the body, ie, on how the toxic compound is metabolized or passed out of the body. In some cases, it is possible to build up tolerance against specific non-biological poisons. For some poisons, this involves conditioning the liver to produce more of the particular enzymes that deal with these poisons (for example alcohol). Another mechanism involves conditioning the target tissues of the poisons. These methods do not work for all non-biological poisons. Exposure to certain toxic substances, such as hydrofluoric acid and heavy metals, is either lethal or has little to no effect, and thus cannot be used in this way at all. Arsenic is a notable exception with some people actually having a genetic adaptation granting them higher resistance which can be replicated with mithridatism. In addition, simple toxins that work through chemical processes that bypass the immune system cannot be dealt with (good example would be the variants of cyanide).\n question: can you build up a resistance to cyanide?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Mercury was a common, long-standing treatment for syphilis, and its use as such has been suggested to date back to The Canon of Medicine (1025) by the Persian physician Ibn Sina (Avicenna); although this is only possible if syphilis existed in the Old World prior to Columbus (see § Origin). One of the first supporters of mercury treatment was Paracelsus because it had positive effects on the Arabic treatment of leprosy, which was thought to be a disease related to syphilis. Giorgio Sommariva of Verona is recorded to have used mercury to treat syphilis in 1496, and is often recognized as the first physician to have done so, although he may not have been a physician. During the sixteenth century, mercury was administered to syphilitic patients in various ways, including by rubbing it on the skin, by applying a plaster, and by mouth. A ``Fumigation'' method of administering mercury was also used, in which mercury was vaporized over a fire and the patients were exposed to the resulting steam, either by being placed in a bottomless seat over the hot coals, or by having their entire bodies except for the head enclosed in a box (called a ``tabernacle'') that received the steam. The goal of mercury treatment was to cause the patient to salivate, which was thought to expel the disease. Unpleasant side effects of mercury treatment included gum ulcers and loose teeth. Mercury continued to be used in syphilis treatment for centuries; an 1869 article by TJ Walker discussed administering mercury by injection for this purpose.\n question: was mercury used as a cure for syphilis?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: There are eleven official languages of South Africa: Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, SiSwati, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa and Zulu. Fewer than two percent of South Africans speak a first language other than an official one. Most South Africans can speak more than one language. Dutch and English were the first official languages of South Africa from 1910 to 1925. Afrikaans was added as a part of Dutch in 1925, although in practice, Afrikaans effectively replaced Dutch, which fell into disuse. When South Africa became a republic in 1961, the official relationship changed such that Afrikaans was considered to include Dutch, and Dutch was dropped in 1984, so between 1984 and 1994, South Africa had two official languages: English and Afrikaans.\n question: is english the official language of south africa?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The de facto official language of the United Kingdom is English, which is spoken by approximately 59.8 million residents, or 98% of the population, over the age of three. An estimated 700,000 people speak Welsh in the UK, an official language in Wales and the only de jure official language in any part of the UK. Approximately 1.5 million people in the UK speak Scots--although there is debate as to whether this is a distinct language, or a variety of English.\n question: does the united kingdom have an official language?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: English is New Zealand's official language. It is the primary language used for court proceedings, and statutes and other official pronouncements. English is spoken by 96.1 percent of the population.\n question: is english an official language of new zealand?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Renunciation of U.S. citizenship was free until July 2010, at which time a fee of $450 was established. An increase to $2,350, effective September 12, 2014, was justified as ``reflective of the true cost'' of processing. This followed a fee increase of approximately 220% in 2013. The increase took effect in January 2015.\n question: does it cost money to renounce us citizenship?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The crossing had always been tolled, and from 1 April 2003 this became a charge, though since 2008 it has been free from 10 pm to 6 am. An automatic number plate recognition charging scheme (Dart Charge) began in November 2014. As a result, the charge can no longer be paid in cash and the old toll booths have been removed. A residents' scheme is available, offering further discounts for people living near the crossing.\n question: do you have to pay for the dartford bridge?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: A 2012 study by The Pew Charitable Trusts estimates that 24% of the voting-eligible population in the United States are not registered to vote, a percentage that represents ``at least 51 million eligible U.S. citizens.'' Numerous states had a history of creating barriers to voter registration through a variety of fees, literacy or comprehension tests, and record-keeping requirements that in practice discriminated against racial or ethnic minorities, language minorities, and other groups. The Voting Rights Act of 1965 forbade such abuses and authorized federal oversight in jurisdictions of historic under-representation of certain groups. States continue to develop new practices that may discriminate against certain populations. By August 2016, federal rulings in five cases have overturned all or parts of voter registration or voter ID laws in Ohio, Texas, North Carolina, Wisconsin, and North Dakota that were found to place undue burden on minorities and other groups among voters. The states are required to offer alternatives for the November 2016 elections; many of these cases are expected to reach the US Supreme Court for additional hearings.\n question: is there a fee to register to vote?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The American Medical Association (AMA) declared that alcoholism was an illness in 1956. In 1991, the AMA further endorsed the dual classification of alcoholism by the International Classification of Diseases under both psychiatric and medical sections.\n question: does the ama recognize alcoholism as a disease?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Alcohol-related dementia (ARD) is a form of dementia caused by long-term, excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages, resulting in neurological damage and impaired cognitive function.\n question: is there such a thing as alcohol dementia?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Cannabis in Ireland is illegal for recreational purposes. Use for medical purposes requires case-by-case approval by the Minister for Health. A bill to legalise medical uses of cannabis passed second reading in Dáil Éireann (lower house) in December 2016.\n question: is it legal to smoke weed in ireland?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Several classes of antibiotics are effective in treating bubonic plague. These include aminoglycosides such as streptomycin and gentamicin, tetracyclines (especially doxycycline), and the fluoroquinolone ciprofloxacin. Mortality associated with treated cases of bubonic plague is about 1--15%, compared to a mortality of 40--60% in untreated cases.\n question: is there a treatment for the bubonic plague?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Consequences of the Black Death included a series of religious, social, and economic upheavals, which had profound effects on the course of European history. The Black Death was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, peaking in Europe between 1347 and 1350 with 30% to 65% of the population killed. It reduced world population from an estimated 450 million to between 350 and 375 million. It took 80 and in some areas more than 150 years for Europe's population to recover.\n question: did the bubonic plague have much influence on the growth of the world population?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: As the century progressed, some surgical interventions, including the pneumothorax or plombage technique--collapsing an infected lung to ``rest'' it and allow the lesions to heal--were used to treat tuberculosis. Pneumothorax was not a new technique by any means. In 1696, Giorgio Baglivi reported a general improvement in tuberculosis sufferers after they received sword wounds to the chest. F.H. Ramadge induced the first successful therapeutic pneumothorax in 1834, and reported subsequently the patient was cured. It was in the 20th century, however, that scientists sought to rigorously investigate the effectiveness of such procedures. In 1939, the British Journal of Tuberculosis published a study by Oli Hjaltested and Kjeld Törning on 191 patients undergoing the procedure between 1925 and 1931; in 1951, Roger Mitchell published several articles on the therapeutic outcomes of 557 patients treated between 1930 and 1939 at Trudeau Sanatorium in Saranac Lake. The search for a medicinal cure, however, continued in earnest.\n question: was there a cure for tuberculosis in the 1800s?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The fifth season of Prison Break (also known as Prison Break: Resurrection) is a limited event television series and a revival of the original series created by Paul Scheuring that aired on Fox from 2005 to 2009. The season is produced by 20th Century Fox Television in association with Adelstein/Parouse Productions and Original Film. Paul Scheuring serves as showrunner, with himself, Marty Adelstein, Neal H. Moritz and Dawn Olmstead, Vaun Wilmott, Michael Horowitz and Nelson McCormick serving as executive producers. McCormick also serves as director. The season premiered on April 4, 2017, and concluded on May 30, 2017, consisting of 9 episodes.\n question: is there a season 5 of prison break?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The fifth season of the American crime thriller television series The Blacklist premiered on NBC on September 27, 2017, with a timeslot change from Thursday at 10:00 PM to Wednesday at 8:00 PM. The season was produced by Davis Entertainment, Universal Television and Sony Pictures Television, and the executive producers are Jon Bokenkamp, John Davis, John Eisendrath, John Fox, and Joe Carnahan. The season is scheduled to consist of 22 episodes that will contain the series' 100th episode.\n question: is there a 5th season to the blacklist?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: On August 6, 2014, FX renewed The Strain for a 13-episode second season which premiered on July 12, 2015. On August 7, 2015, FX renewed The Strain for a 10-episode third season which premiered on August 28, 2016. FX renewed the series for a fourth and final season on September 27, 2016, which premiered on July 16, 2017. During the course of the series, 46 episodes of The Strain aired over four seasons.\n question: will there be a new season of the strain?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The carapacial ridge has been found to play an essential role in the development of the turtle shell. Embryological analyses show that the carapacial ridge initiates the formation of the turtle shell. It causes axial arrest which causes the ribs to be dorsalized, the shoulder girdle to be rearranged and encapsulated in the rib cage, and the carapace to develop. O. semitestacea presents evidence of axial arrest that is observed in embryos but lacks fan-shaped ribs and a carapace. This suggests that the primitive carapacial ridge functioned differently and must have gained the function of mediating the ribs and carapace development later.\n question: does a turtle's shell grow with them?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The red-eared slider originated from the area around the Mississippi River and the Gulf of Mexico, in warm climates in the southeastern United States. Their native areas range from the southeast of Colorado to Virginia and Florida. In nature, they inhabit areas with a source of still, warm water, such as ponds, lakes, swamps, creeks, streams, or slow-flowing rivers. They live in areas of calm water where they are able to leave the water easily by climbing onto rocks or tree trunks so they can warm up in the sun. Individuals are often found sunbathing in a group or even on top of each other. They also require abundant aquatic plants, as these are the adults' main food, although they are omnivores. Turtles in the wild always remain close to water unless they are searching for a new habitat or when females leave the water to lay their eggs.\n question: can red eared sliders live in the wild?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The turtle's shell is covered in scutes that are made of keratin. The individual scutes as shown above have specific names and are generally consistent across the various species of turtles. Terrestrial tortoises do not shed their scutes. New scutes grow by the addition of keratin layers to the base of each scute. Aquatic chelonii shed individual scutes. The scute effectively forms the skin over the underlying bony structures; there is a very thin layer of subcutaneous tissue between the scute and the skeleton. The scutes can be brightly colored in some species, but the basal color is a grey to dark brown color dorsally; the plastral scutes are often white to yellow in base color. A turtle's shell consists of three rows of scutes, numbering 4, 9, and 25 from the inside out. These are the squares of the first three prime numbers, viz. 2, 3, and 5. Moustakas-Verho and Cherepanov's embryological study reveals that the patterning of the plastral scutes appear independent from the patterning of carapacial scutes, suggesting that the carapace and plastron evolved separately.\n question: does a turtle grow out of its shell?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Romero drew inspiration from Richard Matheson's I Am Legend (1954), a horror novel about a plague that ravages a futuristic Los Angeles. The infected in I Am Legend become vampire-like creatures and prey on the uninfected. Discussing the creation of Night of the Living Dead, Romero remarked, ``I had written a short story, which I basically had ripped off from a Richard Matheson novel called I Am Legend.'' Romero further explained:\n question: is night of the living dead a true story?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Maximum Overdrive is a 1986 American science fiction horror dark comedy film written and directed by Stephen King. The film stars Emilio Estevez, Pat Hingle, Laura Harrington, and Yeardley Smith. The screenplay was inspired by and loosely based on King's short story ``Trucks'', which was included in King's first collection of short stories, Night Shift.\n question: is maximum overdrive based on a true story?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: I Am Legend is a 1954 science fiction horror novel by American writer Richard Matheson. It was influential in the development of the zombie-vampire genre of fiction, and in popularizing the concept of a worldwide apocalypse due to disease. The novel was a success and was adapted into the plot of films, namely: The Last Man on Earth (1964), The Omega Man (1971), I Am Legend (2007), and the direct-to-video production I Am Omega (2007). The novel was also an inspiration behind Night of the Living Dead (1968).\n question: was the book legend made into a movie?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: In 1978 and 1994, export and US rights were purchased by Brown & Williamson. In the 1960s, filtered styles were launched in addition to a mentholated version called ``Lucky Strike Green''. This time ``Green'' was referring to menthol and not to the overall package color. In late 2006, both the Full Flavored and Light filtered varieties of Lucky Strike cigarettes were discontinued in North America. However, Lucky Strike continued to have marketing and distribution support in territories controlled by BAT as a global brand. In addition, R.J. Reynolds continues to market the original, nonfilter Lucky Strikes in the United States. Lucky Strike currently has a small base of smokers.\n question: can you still buy lucky strikes in the us?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The federal law requires states to have a minimum age of 18 years for sale/purchase of tobacco products (21 U.S.C. § 387f. (3)(a)(ii)). State and local laws may extend this ban and also prohibit supply, possession and consumption to/by person underage, or increase the age beyond 18. However, most states do not directly ban the consumption of tobacco by a minor. The federal law requiring states to have a minimum purchasing age at 18 is enforced by withholding FEMA disaster and non-disaster grants from states that have purchasing ages under 18, and currently no state falls under that category.\n question: is there a legal age to smoke cigarettes?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Cigarettes labeled as Lights, Milds, or Low-tar, are considered to have a lighter, less pronounced flavour than regular cigarettes. These cigarette brands may be listed as having lower levels of tar, nicotine, or other chemicals (as ``inhaled'' by a smoking machine). However, the scientific evidence is that switching from regular to light or low-tar cigarettes does not reduce the health risks of smoking or lower the smoker's exposure to the nicotine, tar, and carcinogens present in cigarette smoke.\n question: is there less nicotine in ultra light cigarettes?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Father's Day is a celebration honoring fathers and celebrating fatherhood, paternal bonds, and the influence of fathers in society. In Catholic Europe, it has been celebrated on March 19 (St. Joseph's Day) since the Middle Ages. This celebration was brought by the Spanish and Portuguese to Latin America, where March 19 is often still used for it, though many countries in Europe and the Americas have adopted the U.S. date, which is the third Sunday of June. It is celebrated on various days in many parts of the world, most commonly in the months of March, April and June. It complements similar celebrations honoring family members, such as Mother's Day, Siblings Day, and Grandparents' Day.\n question: is fathers day the first sunday in september?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Father's Day is a celebration honoring fathers and celebrating fatherhood, paternal bonds, and the influence of fathers in society. In Catholic Europe, it has been celebrated on March 19 (St. Joseph's Day) since the Middle Ages. This celebration was brought by the Spanish and Portuguese to Latin America, where March 19 is often still used for it, though many countries in Europe and the Americas have adopted the U.S. date, which is the third Sunday of June. It is celebrated on various days in many parts of the world, most commonly in the months of March, April and June. It complements similar celebrations honoring family members, such as Mother's Day, Siblings Day, and Grandparents' Day.\n question: has fathers day always been on a sunday?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Father's Day is a celebration honoring fathers and celebrating fatherhood, paternal bonds, and the influence of fathers in society. In Catholic Europe, it has been celebrated on March 19 (St. Joseph's Day) since the Middle Ages. This celebration was brought by the Spanish and Portuguese to Latin America, where March 19 is often still used for it, though many countries in Europe and the Americas have adopted the U.S. date, which is the third Sunday of June. It is celebrated on various days in many parts of the world, most commonly in the months of March, April and June. It complements similar celebrations honoring family members, such as Mother's Day, Siblings Day, and Grandparents' Day.\n question: is fathers day on a sunday every year?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: This is a list of all penalty shoot-outs that have occurred in the Finals tournament of the FIFA World Cup. Penalty shoot-outs were introduced as tie-breakers in the 1978 World Cup but did not occur before 1982. The first time a World Cup title was won by penalty shoot-out was in 1994. The only other time was in 2006. By the end of the 2018 edition, 30 shoot-outs have taken place in the World Cup. Of these, only two reached the sudden death stage after still being tied at the end of ``best of five kicks''.\n question: is there a shoot out in world cup?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: This is a list of all penalty shoot-outs that have occurred in the Finals tournament of the FIFA World Cup. Penalty shoot-outs were introduced as tie-breakers in the 1978 World Cup but did not occur before 1982. The first time a World Cup title was won by penalty shoot-out was in 1994. The only other time was in 2006. By the end of the 2018 edition, 30 shoot-outs have taken place in the World Cup. Of these, only two reached the sudden death stage after still being tied at the end of ``best of five kicks''.\n question: do they have penalties in world cup final?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: In February 2004, the IFAB announced that after Euro 2004 in Portugal, both the golden goal and silver goal methods would be removed from the Laws of the Game. Since the 2006 FIFA World Cup in Germany the golden goal has never been used in the event of a tied match during the knockout stage, and FIFA restored the original rules: in the event of a tied game after the original 90 minutes, two straight 15-minute periods of extra time are played. If a tie still remains after that, the winner is decided by a penalty shoot-out.\n question: does golden goal apply in the world cup 2018?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: New Jersey judge William J. Brennan was appointed to the Supreme Court by President Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1956 by a recess appointment. This was done in part with an eye on the presidential campaign that year; Eisenhower was running for reelection, and his advisors thought it would be politically advantageous to place a northeastern Catholic on the court. Brennan was promptly confirmed when the Senate came back into session. Eisenhower, in a recess appointment, designated Charles W. Yost as United States Ambassador to Syria. Eisenhower made two other recess appointments, Chief Justice Earl Warren and Associate Justice Potter Stewart.\n question: can a supreme court justice be a recess appointment?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: New Jersey judge William J. Brennan was appointed to the Supreme Court by President Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1956 by a recess appointment. This was done in part with an eye on the presidential campaign that year; Eisenhower was running for reelection, and his advisors thought it would be politically advantageous to place a northeastern Catholic on the court. Brennan was promptly confirmed when the Senate came back into session. Eisenhower, in a recess appointment, designated Charles W. Yost as United States Ambassador to Syria. Eisenhower made two other recess appointments, Chief Justice Earl Warren and Associate Justice Potter Stewart.\n question: can president make recess appointment to supreme court?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The appointment and confirmation of Justices to the Supreme Court of the United States involves several steps set forth by the United States Constitution, which have been further refined and developed by decades of tradition. Candidates are nominated by the President of the United States and must face a series of hearings in which both the nominee and other witnesses make statements and answer questions before the Senate Judiciary Committee, which can vote to send the nomination to the full United States Senate. Confirmation by the Senate allows the President to formally appoint the candidate to the court.\n question: does the house need to confirm a supreme court justice?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: In chess, the king (♔,♚) is the most important piece. The object of the game is to threaten the opponent's king in such a way that escape is not possible (checkmate). If a player's king is threatened with capture, it is said to be in check, and the player must remove the threat of capture on the next move. If this cannot be done, the king is said to be in checkmate, resulting in a loss for that player. Although the king is the most important piece, it is usually the weakest piece in the game until a later phase, the endgame. Players cannot make any move that places their own king in check.\n question: can a king kill a king in chess?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: In chess, the king (♔,♚) is the most important piece. The object of the game is to threaten the opponent's king in such a way that escape is not possible (checkmate). If a player's king is threatened with capture, it is said to be in check, and the player must remove the threat of capture on the next move. If this cannot be done, the king is said to be in checkmate, resulting in a loss for that player. Although the king is the most important piece, it is usually the weakest piece in the game until a later phase, the endgame. Players cannot make any move that places their own king in check.\n question: can you take out the king in chess?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: A check is a condition in chess, shogi, and xiangqi that occurs when a player's king (or general in xiangqi) is under threat of capture on their opponent's next turn. A king so threatened is said to be in check. A player must get out of check, if possible, by interposing a piece between the threatening piece and the king, capturing the threatening piece, or moving the king to a square where it is no longer in check. If the player cannot move out of check, the game ends in checkmate and the player loses. Players cannot make any move that puts their own king in check.\n question: can you take a piece to get out of check?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Bull sharks can thrive in both salt and fresh water and can travel far up rivers. They have been known to travel up the Mississippi River as far as Alton, Illinois, about 700 miles (1100 km) from the ocean. However, few freshwater human-shark interactions have been recorded. Larger-sized bull sharks are probably responsible for the majority of near-shore shark attacks, including many bites attributed to other species.\n question: can a bull shark live in fresh water?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Bull sharks can thrive in both salt and fresh water and can travel far up rivers. They have been known to travel up the Mississippi River as far as Alton, Illinois, about 700 miles (1100 km) from the ocean. However, few freshwater human-shark interactions have been recorded. Larger-sized bull sharks are probably responsible for the majority of near-shore shark attacks, including many bites attributed to other species.\n question: are there any sharks in the mississippi river?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias), also known as the great white, white shark or white pointer, is a species of large mackerel shark which can be found in the coastal surface waters of all the major oceans. The great white shark is notable for its size, with larger female individuals growing to 6.1 m (20 ft) in length and 1,905 kg (4,200 lb) in weight at maturity. However most are smaller, males measuring 3.4 to 4.0 m (11 to 13 ft) and females 4.6 to 4.9 m (15 to 16 ft) on average. According to a 2014 study the lifespan of great white sharks is estimated to be as long as 70 years or more, well above previous estimates, making it one of the longest lived cartilaginous fish currently known. According to the same study, male great white sharks take 26 years to reach sexual maturity, while the females take 33 years to be ready to produce offspring. Great white sharks can swim at speeds of over 56 km/h (35 mph), and can swim to depths of 1,200 m (3,900 ft).\n question: do great white sharks live at the bottom of the sea?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: The federal law requires states to have a minimum age of 18 years for sale/purchase of tobacco products (21 U.S.C. § 387f. (3)(a)(ii)). State and local laws may extend this ban and also prohibit supply, possession and consumption to/by person underage, or increase the age beyond 18. However, most states do not directly ban the consumption of tobacco by a minor. The federal law requiring states to have a minimum purchasing age at 18 is enforced by withholding FEMA disaster and non-disaster grants from states that have purchasing ages under 18, and currently no state falls under that category.\n question: is there a legal age to smoke cigarettes?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: From 1976 to 1983, several states voluntarily raised their purchase ages to 19 (or, less commonly, 20 or 21), in part to combat drunk driving fatalities. In 1984, Congress passed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act, which required states to raise their ages for purchase and public possession to 21 by October 1986 or lose 10% of their federal highway funds. By mid-1988, all 50 states and the District of Columbia had raised their purchase ages to 21 (but not Puerto Rico, Guam, or the Virgin Islands, see Additional Notes below). South Dakota and Wyoming were the final two states to comply with the age 21 mandate. The current drinking age of 21 remains a point of contention among many Americans, because of it being higher than the age of majority (18 in most states) and higher than the drinking ages of most other countries. The National Minimum Drinking Age Act is also seen as a congressional sidestep of the tenth amendment. Although debates have not been highly publicized, a few states have proposed legislation to lower their drinking age, while Guam has raised its drinking age to 21 in July 2010.\n question: is the legal drinking age the same in every state?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: From 1976 to 1983, several states voluntarily raised their purchase ages to 19 (or, less commonly, 20 or 21), in part to combat drunk driving fatalities. In 1984, Congress passed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act, which required states to raise their ages for purchase and public possession to 21 by October 1986 or lose 10% of their federal highway funds. By mid-1988, all 50 states and the District of Columbia had raised their purchase ages to 21 (but not Puerto Rico, Guam, or the Virgin Islands, see Additional Notes below). South Dakota and Wyoming were the final two states to comply with the age 21 mandate. The current drinking age of 21 remains a point of contention among many Americans, because of it being higher than the age of majority (18 in most states) and higher than the drinking ages of most other countries. The National Minimum Drinking Age Act is also seen as a congressional sidestep of the tenth amendment. Although debates have not been highly publicized, a few states have proposed legislation to lower their drinking age, while Guam has raised its drinking age to 21 in July 2010.\n question: is there any state in the us where the drinking age is 18?" ] ]

[ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: In Australia, Remembrance Day is always observed on 11 November, regardless of the day of the week, and is not a public holiday; it is a time when people can pay their respects to the substantial number of soldiers who died in battle. Some institutions observe two-minute's silence at 11 am through a programme named Read 2 Remember, children read the Pledge of Remembrance by Rupert McCall and teachers deliver specially developed resources to help children understand the significance of the day and the resilience of those who have fought for their country and call on children to also be resilient when facing difficult times. Services are held at 11 am at war memorials and schools in suburbs and cities across the country, at which the ``Last Post'' is sounded by a bugler and a one-minute silence is observed. In recent decades, Remembrance Day has been largely eclipsed as the national day of war commemoration by ANZAC Day (25 April), which is a public holiday in all states.\n question: is anzac day and remembrance day the same?" ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Memorial Day is a federal holiday in the United States for remembering the people who died while serving in the country's armed forces. The holiday, which is currently observed every year on the last Monday of May, was held on May 29, 2017. The holiday was held on May 30 from 1868 to 1970. It marks the start of the unofficial summer vacation season, while Labor Day marks its end.\n question: is may 24 a holiday in the us?" ] ]

[ [ "Represent the example for the following task: In this task you will be given a passage and a yes/no question based on the passage. You should answer the question using the information from the passage.:", "passage: Memorial Day or Decoration Day is a federal holiday in the United States for remembering the people who died while serving in the country's armed forces. The holiday, which is currently observed every year on the last Monday of May, was held on May 28, 2018. The holiday was held on May 30 from 1868 to 1970. It marks the unofficial start of the summer vacation season, while Labor Day marks its end.\n question: does memorial day always fall on the last monday of may?" ] ]