answers
dict | title
stringlengths 16
40
| context
stringlengths 13
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| question
stringclasses 124
values | id
stringlengths 1
5
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|---|---|---|---|---|
{
"text": [
"0.91 V"
],
"answer_start": [
155
]
} | 10.1039/C8RA03119C | S5), which is higher than that of the devices containing HZ (11.09%, Jsc = 18.29 mA cm−2, Voc = 0.95 V, FF = 0.638), NG (9.33%, Jsc = 17.18 mA cm−2, Voc = 0.91 V, FF = 0.60), and HG (12.96%, Jsc = 18.95 mA cm−2, Voc = 0.99 V, FF = 0.691). | What is the value of Voc? | 19288 |
{
"text": [
"9"
],
"answer_start": [
100
]
} | 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2003.11.014 | Among them, the diameter of the semi-circle (2) assigned to TiO2 layers drastically decreased from 19.1 to 3.38 Ω (1 cm2 cell) after acetic acid treatments. | What is TiO2? | 44300 |
{
"text": [
"0.81 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
111
]
} | 10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.09.143 | The fabricated cells that did not employ the TiO2 blocking layer exhibited poor photovoltaic performance (JSC= 0.81 mA/cm2,VOC= 0.626 V, FF= 54.71, and η= 0.27% for C-FC-5(10); JSC= 1.22 mA/cm2,VOC= 0.658 V, FF= 54.23, and η= 0.44% for C-FC-10(10)). | What is the value of JSC? | 59994 |
{
"text": [
"8.2%"
],
"answer_start": [
108
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2015.07.036 | As a result, DSCs using these crystals delivered a remarkable performance of power conversion efficiency of 8.2%, which ranks high among the reported microwave-synthesized TiO2 for DSCs. | What is the value of efficiency? | 2903 |
{
"text": [
"6.307%"
],
"answer_start": [
189
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2018.03.012 | Among the three kinds of phosphates-PEDOT composite CEs, the PEDOT-Ni3(PO4)2-50 film electrode achieves an outstanding PCE (6.412%), which is on par with the conventional Pt-sputtering CE (6.307%). | What is the value of PCE? | 24364 |
{
"text": [
"6.45%"
],
"answer_start": [
122
]
} | 10.1039/C5CP03428K | In device A, TiO2 electrode stained with the N719 sensitizer alone gave rise to photovoltaic conversion efficiency (η) of 6.45% (JSC = 14.02 mA cm−2, VOC = 754 mV, and FF = 61.2%), as shown in entry 1. | What is the value of η? | 60880 |
{
"text": [
"4.19mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
116
]
} | 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.12.021 | And the short-circuit current density (Jsc) follow the order of P2 (4.85mAcm−2)>P1 (4.68mAcm−2)>P4 (4.32mAcm−2)>P3 (4.19mAcm−2). | What is the value of Jsc? | 35035 |
{
"text": [
"7.09%"
],
"answer_start": [
279
]
} | 10.1039/C4DT01179A | 2b presents the typical current–voltage (J–V) spectra of the designed HMPs and N3 dyes immobilized on the ZnO NC photoanodes.Devices sensitized with HMP-11 exhibited a highest short circuit current density (Jsc) of 23.4 mA cm−2 and an overall power conversion efficiency (η%) of 7.09%, whereas those sensitized with HMP-9 and N3 exhibited efficiencies of 5.34 and 4.94% (Table 2). | What is the value of η? | 72273 |
{
"text": [
"5.8%"
],
"answer_start": [
91
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA04483B | The best performance is for EDOT-Ph (η = 4.0%) at 10 mM CDCA compared to (η = 6.0% and η = 5.8%) for N719 and D205 control cells.In recent years, dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) devices fabricated using metal-free organic dyes have begun to overtake metal-based dyes in terms of device performance. | What is the value of η? | 60466 |
{
"text": [
"5.4%"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
} | 10.1039/C5TA10091G | Power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) as high as 6.7% and 5.4% have been attained under front and rear illumination, respectively, which represent a 25% and a 33% PCE enhancement with respect to an 8 μm-thick standard solar cell electrode using platinum as the catalytic material. | What is the value of PCE? | 73699 |
{
"text": [
"100 mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
78
]
} | 10.1016/j.tsf.2012.07.055 | The cell parameters measured under illumination of AM 1.5 simulated sunlight (100 mW/cm2) and thickness of the films measured by FESEM are summarized in (a)) presents a highest performance compared to all other electrodes with a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 7.62 mA/cm2 and an overall conversion efficiency (η) of 4.18%. | What is the value of illumination? | 33137 |
{
"text": [
"7.51 mA"
],
"answer_start": [
230
]
} | 10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.03.064 | It can be observed that ISC of the TiO2-HMSs-NSs based film cell increases first and then decreases, and H2 film cell exhibits the highest ISC (11.5 mA cm−2), which is 1.53 times higher than that of TiO2-HMSs precursor film cell (7.51 mA cm−2). | What is the value of ISC? | 51407 |
{
"text": [
"MAPbI3"
],
"answer_start": [
36
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.104044 | Note that when the thickness of the MAPbI3 layer is smaller than 150nm, perovskite solar cells have many pinholes, as mentioned above, and thus have a very low FF or cannot even be operated. | What is perovskite? | 2711 |
{
"text": [
"14.62%"
],
"answer_start": [
239
]
} | 10.1039/C7EE01889D | Considering that a robust interface between two half cells is an essential precondition for repeated detachment, a series of interfacial modifications are conducted and eventually considerable power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of up to 14.62% are attained. | What is the value of PCE? | 15892 |
{
"text": [
"559 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
86
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.10.135 | For sample 5, basing on irregularly packed nanoparticles, the Voc drops incredibly to 559 mV, which is only higher than that of sample 1.The abovementioned variation of the five samples in photovoltaic performance can be explained by their different morphologies and structures. | What is the value of Voc? | 43440 |
{
"text": [
"35%"
],
"answer_start": [
167
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA06115J | For the 100-IPA device, the forward scan affords an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.86 V, a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 0.74 mA cm−2, a fill factor (FF) of 35% and a PCE of 0.22%, while the reverse scan exhibits a slightly higher performance with a Voc of 1.02 V, a Jsc of 0.75 mA cm−2, a FF of 44% and a PCE of 0.34%, which has a hysteresis index (HI) of 35%, HI = |(PCE(reverse) − PCE(forward))|/PCE(reverse). | What is the value of FF? | 12844 |
{
"text": [
"5.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
} | 10.1016/j.jssc.2011.11.047 | ► TiO2 nanotubes are loaded with Ag nanoparticles, which increased the power conversion efficiency to 5.5%.1D nanostructures are expected to significantly improve electron transport due to directional electron mobility. | What is the value of efficiency? | 52418 |
{
"text": [
"14.7mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
11
]
} | 10.1016/j.cap.2014.09.015 | While, Jsc=14.7mAcm−2, Voc=0.77V, FF=70.6%, and efficiency (η)=7.98% in cells with Pt CEs. | What is the value of Jsc? | 59110 |
{
"text": [
"1.94%"
],
"answer_start": [
374
]
} | 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.06.056 | So, a certain amount of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) enhances the dye sensitized solar cell reducing the π-aggregates of the squaraine sensitizers, thus increasing the process of electron injection to the surface of titanium dioxide and increasing cell efficiency [ shows the values of Jsc=6.62 mA/cm2, Voc=0.53V, FF=0.71, η=2.46% and Jsc=5.21 mA/cm2, Voc=0.48V, FF=0.77, η=1.94% respectively, for squaraine sensitizers (SQIND-1 and SQIND-2) which are superior to squarylium dyes (dye1 & dye 2), Jsc=0.62 mA/cm2, Voc=0.27V, FF=0.47, η=1.03% and Jsc=0.03 mA/cm2, Voc=0.03V, FF=0.10, η=0.008% respectively revealing that the SQIND-1 and SQIND-2 sensitizers study of in the present article would be efficient squaraine sensitizers for DSSC and improved electron injection to TiO2 [So, the IPCE of SQIND-1 and SQIND-2 based DSSC are 34% and 27% respectively.The addition of CDCA with increased concentrations up to 9mM lead to increase values of JSC, VOC, and cell efficiency for both SQIND-1 and SQIND-2 showed the highest conversion efficiency than SQIND-2, (see ), because SQIND-1 sensitizer has alkyl group with a long chain in N-position of indoline which hinders the recombination of charge on TiO2 surface compared to SQIND-2, also, cause stronger electronic coupling between SQIND-1 and TiO2. | What is the value of η? | 48012 |
{
"text": [
"0.69 V"
],
"answer_start": [
133
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.06.012 | When the PEDOT film on the FTO substrate was used as a CE, the DSSC exhibited a JSC of 15.9 mA/cm2, an open circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.69 V, an fill factor (FF) of 68.0%, and a power conversion efficiency (η) of 7.46%, which is almost identical to the η measured for a conventional Pt/FTO- based CE (7.41%). | What is the value of VOC? | 24326 |
{
"text": [
"SnO2"
],
"answer_start": [
42
]
} | 10.1039/C7CC05590K | The devices employed the structure of ITO/SnO2/perovskite/spiro-MeOTAD/Au, whereas a one-step method was used to fabricate the absorber layer. | What is ITO? | 20746 |
{
"text": [
"15.1%"
],
"answer_start": [
157
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA09689A | After a series of optimizations (such as the mole ratio of doping La, the thickness of film, the concentration of diluted paste, and so on), the best PCE of 15.1% was achieved with a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 19.1 mA cm−2, open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.09 V, and fill factor (FF) of 0.728 (Fig. | What is the value of PCE? | 19686 |
{
"text": [
"m-TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
408
]
} | 10.1016/j.solmat.2015.06.024 | Finally, we discuss the performance potential of perovskite cells with an IZO rear electrode for four-terminal tandem devices with an amorphous silicon/crystalline silicon heterojunction solar cell (SHJ).A compact TiO2 (c-TiO2) layer with a thickness of 20 nm was sputtered on a cleaned, laser-patterned fluorinated tin oxide (FTO) substrate (Solaronix TCO22-15), followed by a 300-nm-thick mesoporous TiO2 (m-TiO2) deposited by spin coating. | What is FTO? | 336 |
{
"text": [
"Au"
],
"answer_start": [
93
]
} | 10.1039/C4EE00762J | This is not expected in sensitized solar cells, because the FTO/bl-TiO2/mp-TiO2:MAPbBr3/PTAA/Au device shows a higher Voc of 1.29 V than the potential difference (1.16 eV) between the CBM (−4.0 eV) of TiO2 and the HOMO level (−5.16 eV) of PTAA. | What is FTO? | 15908 |
{
"text": [
"12.73%"
],
"answer_start": [
46
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2015.05.027 | The PCE was improved by 14.8% (from 11.09% to 12.73%), as a result of 9.7%, 3.0%, and 1.3% increases in Jsc, Voc and fill factor, respectively. | What is the value of PCE? | 5237 |
{
"text": [
"0.632 V"
],
"answer_start": [
242
]
} | 10.1039/C4RA04017A | The optimization shows that the anode film composed of 12 μm of transparent layer and 6 μm of scattering layer generate highest PCE of 6.32% (device 1), with short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 13.76 mA cm−2, open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.632 V and fill factor (FF) of 72.7%.In our previous investigation we found that the postadsorption of small molecules into the interstitial site of porphyrin sensitized anode films can significantly reduce the back reaction between the electrons on the conduction band of TiO2 and I3− species in the electrolyte. | What is the value of Voc? | 67834 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
198
]
} | 10.1039/C4RA03164D | BK2011574), and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.† Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: The appearances and weights of the HMOS of TiO2, Fe2O3 and ZrO2, SEM images of hierarchical spheres of TiO2–Fe2O3, TiO2–Fe2O3–ZrO2 composites and their corresponding TEM/EDX maps, SEM image of TiO2 film by wet grinding fabrication process, SEM image of TiO2 powders after grinding, The infrared transmittance spectra, SEM images of TiO2 film using PEG of different molecular weights, SEM images of TiO2 film with different PEG mass ratio, the LaMer model explanation. | What is ? | 76022 |
{
"text": [
"1000W/m2"
],
"answer_start": [
149
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2019.11.088 | After obtaining experimental I-V characteristics, the other particular parameters of the DSSCs were calculated.EIS spectra of DSSCs were taken under 1000W/m2 illumination light intensity. | What is the value of illumination? | 33522 |
{
"text": [
"18.61%"
],
"answer_start": [
51
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2018.09.057 | In contrast, the cell of FAPbI3 exhibited a PCE of 18.61% (Jsc=23.18mA/cm2, Voc=1.1V, and FF=0.73). | What is the value of PCE? | 11474 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
241
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.03.034 | Quasi-solid-state DSSC from pure PAA-CTAB, PAA-CTAB/graphene, PAA-CTAB/graphene oxide, or PAA-CTAB/nanographite gel electrolyte was fabricated by sandwiching a slice of gel electrolyte with thickness of around 500μm between a dye-sensitized TiO2 anode and a Pt counter electrode.The photocurrent-voltage (J–V) curves of the assembled quasi-solid-state DSSCs were recorded on an Electrochemical Workstation (CHI600E) under irradiation of a simulated solar light from a 100W xenon-mercury arc lamp (CHF-XM-500W, Beijing Trusttech Co., Ltd) in ambient atmosphere. | What is anode? | 28748 |
{
"text": [
"22.76mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
100
]
} | 10.1016/j.mattod.2017.12.002 | When the deposition time was increased from 2 to 4min, the fabricated PSC device exhibited a JSC of 22.76mAcm−2, VOC of 1.076V, FF of 0.78 and a 19.10% (average 18.66%). | What is the value of JSC? | 6893 |
{
"text": [
"10.0%"
],
"answer_start": [
90
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA08021A | By contrast, the control device fabricated with the pristine precursor exhibited a PCE of 10.0% with a VOC of 869 mV, a JSC of 17.6 mA cm−2, and a FF of 0.65. | What is the value of PCE? | 20313 |
{
"text": [
"860mV"
],
"answer_start": [
133
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2019.107776 | Compared with XW1, two bulky dihexyloxyphenyl groups were introduced to the carbazole donor of XW55, and thus a highest Voc value of 860mV was achieved, which can be ascribed to the efficient prevention of charge recombination suppression of dye aggregation. | What is the value of Voc? | 50284 |
{
"text": [
"3.74%"
],
"answer_start": [
190
]
} | 10.1039/C5RA05349H | The best device for PPL-1 gave a short circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 7.83 mA cm−2, an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 682 mV, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.70, corresponding to a PCE of 3.74% with an average value of 3.61% for 6 samples. | What is the value of PCE? | 67435 |
{
"text": [
"Pt"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.11.081 | Thus, owing to earth abundant non toxic constituent elements and possessing similar electrocatalytic activity of Pt, CCTS and CFTS can be considered as potential substitutes for the more expensive Pt as CE materials for DSSCs. | What is CE? | 45160 |
{
"text": [
"7.03%"
],
"answer_start": [
147
]
} | 10.1039/C3TA11748K | It should be noted that DDC4 based DSSCs fabricated with dye baths of CHCl3–EtOH (v/v 1:3) exhibited a very good performance with η enhanced up to 7.03% with Jsc of 14.81 mA cm−2, Voc of 0.69 V and the FF of 0.69. | What is the value of η? | 70092 |
{
"text": [
"1.01 V"
],
"answer_start": [
143
]
} | 10.1039/C5TA02206A | The best device displayed a short-circuit current density (JSC) of 22.19 mA cm−2, a fill factor (FF) of 0.72, an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.01 V, achieving a PCE of 16.1% for a reverse scan. | What is the value of VOC? | 14956 |
{
"text": [
"13.80mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
133
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.10.194 | The Cell 2 with TS1 as a scattering layer shows a higher Jsc which was larger than that with TS2 (Cell 3) scattering layer (15.28 vs 13.80mAcm−2); this might be due to larger surface area (83.27 vs 51.91m2g−1) caused by the uniform size (around 1μm) of TS1 microspheres.The superior light scattering ability might be the partial reason that leading to the increased Jsc and could be evidenced by Incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiency (IPCE) measurement. | What is the value of Jsc? | 51897 |
{
"text": [
"0.40 V"
],
"answer_start": [
43
]
} | 10.1039/C4DT03564J | The Voc value was increased to 0.46 V from 0.40 V, Jsc was increased to 13.70 from 8.30 mA cm−2, and efficiency was increased to 3.0% from 1.61%. | What is the value of Voc? | 72245 |
{
"text": [
"12.01±0.44%"
],
"answer_start": [
185
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.06.015 | With an optimal concentration of 0.3wt % Au@SiO2 NPs, our PSCs show an average PCE of 13.85±0.45%, which is 15% higher than the reference PSCs based on pure TiO2 with the efficiency of 12.01±0.44%. | What is the value of PCE? | 7396 |
{
"text": [
"16.80%"
],
"answer_start": [
54
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2019.04.098 | The pristine mp-TiO2 champion device yielded a PCE of 16.80% with a short circuit current density (JSC) of 21.50 mAcm−2, an open circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.095V, and a fill factor (FF) of 70.01%. | What is the value of PCE? | 6089 |
{
"text": [
"709mV"
],
"answer_start": [
107
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2015.11.004 | The device fabricated from compound 1 at the concentration of 30mgmL−1 shows a Jsc of 6.26mAcm−2, a Voc of 709mV and a FF of 0.41, achieving a higher PCE (1.22%) than that of the device without HTM (1.02%). | What is the value of Voc? | 9785 |
{
"text": [
"4.86%"
],
"answer_start": [
246
]
} | 10.1039/C6RA12787H | The Voc of a-KH550, a-KH570, b-KH570, naked SiO2, and without SiO2 are 536 mV, 531 mV, 525 mV, 489 mV, and 488 mV, respectively, again coincide with the trend found for 100 mW cm−2.In general, the DSC with a-KH570 yields the highest overall η of 4.86% at 100 mW cm−2, which is also higher than the η (4.12%) of the previously reported AIIP-based DSC with SiO2 composites. | What is the value of η? | 60352 |
{
"text": [
"7.1%"
],
"answer_start": [
203
]
} | 10.1039/C5TA03865K | The best performing device without any HTM displayed a short-circuit current density (JSC) of 13.1 mA cm−2, an open circuit voltage (VOC) of 830 mV, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.65, resulting in a PCE of 7.1%. | What is the value of PCE? | 16200 |
{
"text": [
"0.751 V"
],
"answer_start": [
94
]
} | 10.1039/C9TC01520E | After coadsorption with DCA, the VOC of DSSCs based on LJ-7 and LJ-9 increases to 0.747 V and 0.751 V, respectively, whereas that of the LJ-8 based device decreases to 0.751. | What is the value of VOC? | 64403 |
{
"text": [
"0.67%"
],
"answer_start": [
58
]
} | 10.1039/C0NJ00585A | The η values increase in the order of OH17 (0.61%) < OH4 (0.67%) < OH7 (0.90%) ≤ OH1 and OH2 (1.00%). | What is the value of η? | 74469 |
{
"text": [
"9.87mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
245
]
} | 10.1016/j.cap.2015.02.021 | It is found that, for solar cell made of frozen TiO2 films, it comes out with relative lower open-circuit voltage (Voc), or 661mV, compared to 695mV for that made of doctor blading film; but showed larger short circuit current density (Jsc), or 9.87mA/cm2, compared to 8.70mA/cm2 of the later. | What is the value of Jsc? | 37075 |
{
"text": [
"0.06 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
33
]
} | 10.1039/C4CP00298A | The active area of the device is 0.06 cm2 defined by a mask. | What is the value of active area? | 12709 |
{
"text": [
"416 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
83
]
} | 10.1039/C4TA01286K | Moreover, the Voc value (316 mV) for YM-3 with terthiophene is smaller than those (416 mV) for YM-1 and YM-2. | What is the value of Voc? | 71188 |
{
"text": [
"RuO2"
],
"answer_start": [
9
]
} | 10.1039/C6CS00752J | prepared RuO2 nanocrystals via hydrothermal and sintering processes and used them as CE in DSSCs, getting an efficiency of 7.22% and exceeding the efficiency of the Pt-based DSSC (7.17%). | What is CE? | 66711 |
{
"text": [
"(5-AVA)x(MA)1−xPbI3"
],
"answer_start": [
29
]
} | 10.1039/C7EE02048A | A mixed-cation perovskite of (5-AVA)x(MA)1−xPbI3 (5-AVA = 5-ammoniumvaleric acid) is infiltrated into the three mesoporous layers as the light absorber, and no HTM layer is needed in the device. | What is perovskite? | 22041 |
{
"text": [
"855mV"
],
"answer_start": [
642
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2018.10.018 | It is worth noting that there is nearly no distributions of the HOMO at the 4-hexyloxyphenyl unit of TTTP core, implying that the TTTP N-substituent could not display an electron-donating character, but serve as an insulating spacer to retard the intermolecular exciton annihilation in the assembly of dye molecules grafted on the TiO2 film [Photocurrent density-voltage curves (J-V) of the DSSCs sensitized by W01–04 in combination with [Co(phen)3]2+/3+ redox couples were evaluated under simulated AM 1.5G irradiation (100mWcm−2), and the related cell performance parameters were complied in a, DSSCs fabricated with W02 presented a Voc of 855mV, a Jsc of 15.3mAcm−2, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.69, generating power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.03%. | What is the value of Voc? | 44267 |
{
"text": [
"0.72 V"
],
"answer_start": [
22
]
} | 10.1016/j.tsf.2010.03.126 | Voc is increased from 0.72 V of N719 alone to 0.80 V of PbS (60 s) + N719, though at the sacrifice of reduced Jsc from 13.28 mA/cm2 to 12.29 mA/cm2. | What is the value of Voc? | 28584 |
{
"text": [
"707 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
46
]
} | 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.05.028 | This cell shows a Jsc of 17.90 mA/cm2, Voc of 707 mV and FF of 0.54.The Voc values of the DSSCs with the nanocomposite photoanodes are lower by about 50 mV with respect to the DSSC having the TiO2 photoanode. | What is the value of Voc? | 39444 |
{
"text": [
"0.03 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
279
]
} | 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.05.068 | shows the values of Jsc=7.65 mA/cm2, Voc=0.59V, FF=0.73, η=3.31% and Jsc=10.24 mA/cm2, Voc=0.53V, FF=0.53, η=2.94% respectively, for squaraine sensitizers (SQTHZ and SQIND) which are superior to squarylium dyes (dye1 & dye2), Jsc=0.62 mA/cm2, Voc=0.27V, FF=0.47, η=1.03% and Jsc=0.03 mA/cm2, Voc=0.03V, FF=0.10, η=0.008% respectively, revealing that the SQTHZ and SQIND sensitizers study of in the present article would be efficient materials for DSSC and improved electron injection to TiO2 [ was used to measure the incident photon to current conversion efficiencies (IPCE) from the measurements.So, the IPCE of SQTHZ and SQIND base DSSC were 47% and 41% respectively.The low-conversion efficiency in DSSC refer to charge π-aggregates on squaraine sensitizers, causing charge recombination on TiO2 electrode leading to reduced cell efficiency. | What is the value of Jsc? | 27445 |
{
"text": [
"735mV"
],
"answer_start": [
383
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2018.03.054 | This observation is in sharp contrast to the results reported by Li and coworkers [To further improve the photovoltaic performance, especially to compensate for the intrinsic drawback of XW34 and XW35, a stepwise cosensitization method was carried out using a previously reported metal-free organic dye PT-C6 [], which was selected in this work because of its relatively high Voc of 735mV as well as its broad absorption. | What is the value of Voc? | 25823 |
{
"text": [
"5.38Ω"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.09.028 | The HPC-x (x=10, 20, 40) has an Rct value of 8.21, 4.68 and 5.38Ω, respectively, which is smaller to that of Pt (15.16Ω), indicating the higher capacity of electron transfer on the CE/electrolyte interface than that of Pt. | What is the value of Rct? | 32228 |
{
"text": [
"c-TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
69
]
} | 10.1039/C7TC02954C | Then, 120 μL CH3NH3PbI3−xClx–PVP solution was spin-coated on the FTO/c-TiO2 substrates at 2800 rpm for 30 s followed by treating the film with a multi-step slow annealing method. | What is FTO? | 13861 |
{
"text": [
"55.8 nmol/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
269
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2017.03.091 | After TiO2 modification, the JSC increases from 4.50 mA/cm2 to 7.01 mA/cm2, resulting in a significant improvement of PCE from 2.75% to 3.70%, while the Voc decreases from 0.755 V to 0.690 V.The TiO2 modification results in the enhancement of dye-adsorbed amounts from 55.8 nmol/cm2 to 67.7 nmol/cm2. | What is the value of amount? | 32174 |
{
"text": [
"0 s"
],
"answer_start": [
129
]
} | 10.1039/C5TA08262E | Consequently, the small frequency dependence of the dielectric constant of the samples prepared with MAI loading time less than 90 s suggests negligible contribution from the ionic response. | What is the value of time? | 23096 |
{
"text": [
"15.87%"
],
"answer_start": [
121
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2019.04.098 | Furthermore, the 0.3M Ru-TiO2 champion device shows JSC=20.84 mAcm−2, VOC of 1.093V, and FF=68.04%, yielding average PCE=15.87%. | What is the value of PCE? | 6128 |
{
"text": [
"100mWcm-2"
],
"answer_start": [
213
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2013.03.015 | This smaller value of Rrec should be related to its lower Voc, and the results were consistent with the Voc values (B demonstrated the EIS Nyquist plots for DSSCs, upon illumination under open-circuit conditions (100mWcm-2). | What is the value of illumination? | 39696 |
{
"text": [
"9.7%"
],
"answer_start": [
231
]
} | 10.1016/j.catcom.2011.12.020 | This cell has a short-circuit current density (Isc) of 482 μA/cm2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 468 mV, a maximum power density (Pmax) of 97 μW/cm2, a fill factor (FF) of 0.43 and an overall energy conversion efficiency (η) of 9.7%. | What is the value of η? | 53666 |
{
"text": [
"73.22%"
],
"answer_start": [
147
]
} | 10.1016/j.jssc.2019.04.022 | As to the device with 5% Y-doped TiO2 compact layers, the champion cell presented a PCE of 15.52% with Jsc of 21.20mAcm−2, Voc of 1.00V, and FF of 73.22%, and the average PCE of 14.77±2.18% with Jsc of 20.97±1.19mAcm−2, Voc of 1.00±0.01V, and FF of 70.12±7.09%. | What is the value of FF? | 4098 |
{
"text": [
"glass"
],
"answer_start": [
122
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2019.02.028 | This was an expected outcome, as the series resistance depends on external factors, such as the sheet resistance from the glass substrate, the wiring, etc., which are the same for all 5 configurations.The values of RCT1 are directly related to the interface of electrolyte/CE. | What is substrate? | 52135 |
{
"text": [
"TaC"
],
"answer_start": [
28
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.01.001 | The Pt-free CE materials of TaC, SCS, and PEDOT exhibit competitive catalytic activities toward the I3−/I− and Co3+/2+ redox couples as compared to the conventional Pt CE. | What is CE? | 59412 |
{
"text": [
"0.88 V"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
} | 10.1039/C5TA07957H | As expected, due to similarities in energy band alignment, all the devices fabricated exhibited the same Voc (0.88 V). | What is the value of Voc? | 18331 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} | 10.1039/C5RA16394C | Moreover, the adsorption of the LC moiety anchored onto the TiO2 surface, in the supramolecular DSSC, forms an insulating layer that effectively prevents back electron transfer from the semiconductor to the I3− form of the electrolyte leading to higher Voc and Jsc values, resulting to an overall enhancement in the cell's efficiency.The Nyquist plots of EIS under illumination also give important information about the charge transport at the TiO2/dye/electrolyte interface. | What is semiconductor? | 76828 |
{
"text": [
"2 h"
],
"answer_start": [
258
]
} | 10.1016/j.tsf.2010.11.008 | The other chemicals with analytical grade were purchased from Shanghai Chemical Reagent Plant (Shanghai, China).Pristine MWCNTs were oxidized by ultrasonication in a concentrated sulfuric acid/nitric acid mixture (3:1, v/v) at 20 °C for a certain time (0 h, 2 h, 6 h and 8 h). | What is the value of time? | 26613 |
{
"text": [
"I−/I3−"
],
"answer_start": [
125
]
} | 10.1039/C4TA02284J | The electrochemical oxidation potentials, Eox°, of SY-04 and SY-05 are more compared to Z907 and are larger than that of the I−/I3− redox couple. | What is redox couple? | 73895 |
{
"text": [
"9.97%"
],
"answer_start": [
168
]
} | 10.1039/C5NR04076K | The device consisting of CH3NH3PbI3 and TiO2 NR hybrids after ligand exchange treatment with ACR molecules exhibited a further enhanced performance on the PCE of up to 9.97% with a VOC of 0.99 V, a JSC of 15.5 mA cm−2, and an FF of 0.65, which is attributable to the increased charge transfer and transport efficiencies after replacing the original OA ligands with the more effective ACR molecules. | What is the value of PCE? | 22054 |
{
"text": [
"gold"
],
"answer_start": [
20
]
} | 10.1039/C6RA15378J | Finally, a layer of gold (60 nm) was thermally evaporated on the top of HTM to form a back electrode. | What is electrode? | 20719 |
{
"text": [
"ZnO"
],
"answer_start": [
54
]
} | 10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.12.065 | It was found that DSSCs characteristics produced with ZnO nanoflower were remarkably better than one dimensional structure. | What is ? | 36562 |
{
"text": [
"0.73V"
],
"answer_start": [
70
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2017.04.024 | The solar cell with pristine WOx EEL exhibited PCE of 9.54%, a Voc of 0.73V, a Jsc of 22.92mA/cm2 and a FF of 0.57 when measured under forward voltage scanning. | What is the value of Voc? | 1006 |
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
53
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2017.10.019 | For the device fabricated with a planer structure of FTO/TiO2/light harvest film/Spiro-OMETAD/Ag, hysteresis was significantly reduced with the addition of BCP into MAPbI3-xClx film. | What is ? | 3805 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
58
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2012.12.015 | It’s reasonable to assume that electrical contact between TiO2 and CE leads to a fast recombination rate when the insulating layer is only 0.6 μm. | What is ? | 49093 |
{
"text": [
"∼350"
],
"answer_start": [
19
]
} | 10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.06.011 | The strong peak at ∼350 nm is ascribed to the direct band gap photo-electron excitation of TiO2The porous MoS2 with ultra-small exfoliated sheets has been successfully prepared via a TEOS-assisted template pathway. | What is TiO2? | 36677 |
{
"text": [
"100 mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
98
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.06.094 | The photocurrent-voltage (J-V) characteristics were measured under simulated AM 1.5 G sunlight at 100 mWcm−2 irradiance. | What is the value of irradiance? | 36537 |
{
"text": [
"0.97 V"
],
"answer_start": [
84
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA06987H | Therefore, devices based on doped HTM 42 and 43 have identical VOC values of nearly 0.97 V and fill factors of 72.0%. | What is the value of VOC? | 12942 |
{
"text": [
"1.35%"
],
"answer_start": [
114
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2014.05.004 | An outstandingly high power conversion efficiency (η) of DSSCs are obtained from purple yam (2.05%), pomegranate (1.35%) and Welch grape juice (0.82%). | What is the value of η? | 42299 |
{
"text": [
"13.41%"
],
"answer_start": [
95
]
} | 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.12.036 | The best device based on TBABF4-doped PCBM delivered a power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 13.41%, which was superior to the one with undoped PCBM layer (PCE= 8.77%).Hybrid organic–inorganic lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have drawn a great deal of attention due to several advantages, such as solution-process, large area production, and high power conversion efficiency (PCE). | What is the value of PCE? | 10457 |
{
"text": [
"16.11%"
],
"answer_start": [
62
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.08.041 | The SnO2-ETL-based flexible PSCs also attain a high PCE up to 16.11% and among the highest records of flexible PSCs. | What is the value of PCE? | 8966 |
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
143
]
} | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.10.057 | The photocurrent-voltage characteristic of the DSSCs were measured with a sourcemeter (2400-SCS, Keithley) under one sun illumination (AM 1.5, 100mWcm−2, Zolix S150 Solar Simulator). | What is the value of illumination? | 51105 |
{
"text": [
"75.53 ± 1.52%"
],
"answer_start": [
121
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA08565B | Interestingly, despite low temperature processing below 150 °C, the SCSC-based PSC shows the highest fill factor (FF) of 75.53 ± 1.52%, which is the main factor for the enhanced performance. | What is the value of FF? | 21771 |
{
"text": [
"1.04V"
],
"answer_start": [
61
]
} | 10.1016/j.solmat.2018.03.047 | For the ZnO ETL, the PSC gives a PCE of 14.00% with a VOC of 1.04V, a JSC of 20.84mA/cm2, and a FF of 64.6%. | What is the value of VOC? | 7930 |
{
"text": [
"5.6%"
],
"answer_start": [
156
]
} | 10.1039/C4CP05722H | For N719-based DSCs, Jsc increases continuously with film thickness from 3 μm to 16 μm, reaching a maximum value of 10.0 mA cm−2, leading to a maximum η of 5.6% [with J–V curve shown in Fig. | What is the value of η? | 72524 |
{
"text": [
"6.67%"
],
"answer_start": [
97
]
} | 10.1039/C6RA07810A | The DSSC with AEPA-modified electrode exhibits the largest JSC of 17.30 mA cm−2 and highest η of 6.67%, whereas those with BPA- and HPA-modified electrodes have the lowest η and JSC of 3.22 mA cm−2 and 4.14 mA cm−2, respectively. | What is the value of η? | 74437 |
{
"text": [
"19.06%"
],
"answer_start": [
194
]
} | 10.1039/C7TA09716F | The resulting HTL can also facilitate the sequential growth of high-quality perovskite films, giving a significantly enhanced photovoltaic performance with a best power conversion efficiency of 19.06%, which is one of the highest PCE among the planar p–i–n pero-SCs to date. | What is the value of PCE? | 20118 |
{
"text": [
"6.37%"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
} | 10.1016/j.jssc.2016.02.005 | The highest η values for 0.050 g-La/TiO2 cell is 7.02% ,which is about 10.36% higher than that of P25 cell (η=6.37%). | What is the value of η? | 36565 |
{
"text": [
"0.724 V"
],
"answer_start": [
88
]
} | 10.1039/C2RA21580B | However, the VOC and FF attached to the samples B, C and D have similar values of about 0.724 V and 0.714 V, which are higher than that of the sample A. | What is the value of VOC? | 69355 |
{
"text": [
"660mV"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2011.12.009 | For the more efficient dye, PTZ-1, an overall conversion efficiency of 4.4% was obtained with Jsc=8.5mAcm−2, Voc=660mV, and ff=0.79. | What is the value of Voc? | 35754 |
{
"text": [
"CoNi0.25"
],
"answer_start": [
16
]
} | 10.1039/C6CS00752J | The DSSC with a CoNi0.25 alloy CE exhibited a PCE of 8.39% in comparison to 6.96% for a device based on a pure Pt CE. | What is CE? | 66560 |
{
"text": [
"18.22%"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2019.105384 | In addition, by substituting α-bis-PCBM for PCBM, the device PCE improves to 18.22% with increased VOC (1.09V) and FF (74%). | What is the value of PCE? | 455 |
{
"text": [
"6.44 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
74
]
} | 10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.09.143 | In particular, C-FC-10(30) showed a higher photovoltaic performance (JSC= 6.44 mA/cm2,VOC= 0.720 V, FF= 78.57, and η= 3.64%) than C-SP (JSC= 5.36 mA/cm2,VOC= 0.688 V, FF= 69.90, and η= 2.57%), despite the lower dye adsorption. | What is the value of JSC? | 59998 |
{
"text": [
"9.81%"
],
"answer_start": [
145
]
} | 10.1016/j.jechem.2015.10.003 | Leveraging the unique advantages of DP TiO2 ETL, together with a dense-packed and pinhole-free TiO2 compact layer, PCE of the C-PSCs has reached 9.81% with good stability.Dual porous TiO2 films prepared by the sol-gel and PS-templating methods act as an effective anode for carbon cathode based perovskite solar cell due to their unique light management and charge transport properties.Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cell (PSC) has emerged as a promising cost-effective light to electricity conversion device in both mesoscopic and thin film versions. | What is the value of PCE? | 273 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
51
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2019.107840 | In the translucent DSSCs fabricated with 5μm-thick TiO2 photoanodes, CSD-08 and CSD-09 yield power-conversion-efficiencies of 3.43% and 3.62%, respectively, under simulated one sun illumination. | What is photoanodes? | 34928 |
{
"text": [
"12.8%"
],
"answer_start": [
214
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA06987H | Upon the addition of TBP and Li-TFSI into HTMs 5 and 6, the devices were certified to have corresponding PCE values of 11.9% and 10.8%, which are slightly lower as compared to the device with doped HTM Sp01 (PCE = 12.8%) under similar device fabrication conditions.In a similar work by Choi and co-workers, a quinolizino acridine core and triphenylamine core were selected to couple with star-shaped tris(N,N-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-phenyl)amine as a terminal into HTMs 7 and 8, respectively (Fig. | What is the value of PCE? | 13005 |
{
"text": [
"0.45 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
} | 10.1039/C2NR33352J | The active area of the dye-adsorbed TiO2 films was about 0.45 cm2, which was measured by an image analysis program equipped with a digital microscope camera (Moticam 1000).The viscosity of TiO2 pastes was determined by a Brookfield DV-II+ Pro Viscometer maintained at a temperature of 25 °C with a Brookfield circulating temperature bath.The amounts of dye absorption on the TiO2 films were quantitatively estimated by desorbing the dye in basic solution, as follows. | What is the value of active area? | 76403 |
{
"text": [
"5.10%"
],
"answer_start": [
86
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.03.054 | The DSSCs assembled by FeWO4, CoWO4, NiWO4, and BC CEs produced PCEs of 4.65%, 4.46%, 5.10%, and 5.20%, respectively; whereas the DSSCs with FeWO4/BC, CoWO4/BC, and NiWO4/BC CEs yielded enhanced PCEs of 5.38%, 6.07%, and 7.08%, respectively. | What is the value of PCE? | 25556 |
{
"text": [
"14.88%"
],
"answer_start": [
28
]
} | 10.1039/C7TA07660F | Device A exhibited a PCE of 14.88% with a Jsc of 22.31 mA cm−2, Voc of 953 mV and FF of 0.70, while device B exhibited a PCE of 17.02% with a Jsc of 23.40 mA cm−2, Voc of 1008 mV and FF of 0.72. | What is the value of PCE? | 22665 |
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