body
stringlengths 6
42.2k
| labels
int64 0
6
|
|---|---|
During a calm first debate, Republican White House hopefuls expressed strong backing for the military mission in Iraq but raised concerns about the Bush administration's handling of the conflict. The debate, held at the California presidential library of conservative Republican icon Ronald Reagan, did not feature many direct clashes but did reveal some disagreements among the 10 candidates on issues such as abortion. The majority of the 2008 contenders emphasized the importance of achieving victory in Iraq, contrasting with the Democratic candidates who recently called for a swift conclusion to the war. Senator John McCain of Arizona, a prominent supporter of the war and proponent of President George W. Bush's plan to boost troop numbers in Iraq, asserted that withdrawing from the conflict would result in chaos, genocide, and potential threats to the United States. Rudolph Giuliani, the ex-mayor of New York and the Republican front-runner in national polls, emphasized the importance of not backing down in the fight against terrorism. However, some other candidates expressed concerns about the handling of the war by the Bush administration. McCain criticized the management of the war, stating that it had been poorly handled for four years. Former Arkansas Gov. also commented on the matter, saying that there had been a significant error in judgment, mainly due to the administration not listening enough to the advice of military generals. The debate in California took place during a challenging time for Republicans, as they had recently lost power in Congress and faced public dissatisfaction with President Bush, the Iraq war, and the party in general. Candidates were careful about whether to support Bush and his policies, with former Massachusetts Gov Mitt Romney emphasizing the importance of focusing on bringing troops home from the war despite low poll numbers. Romney acknowledged the need to bring certain issues to light cautiously so as not to create a situation that would necessitate revisiting them. Conservatives have expressed dissatisfaction with the Republican presidential candidates, particularly Giuliani for his support of gay and abortion rights, and Romney for his shift in stance on these issues. Romney justified his change in opinion on abortion rights as a genuine shift in beliefs, stating, "I changed my mind." The majority of candidates stated their support for repealing the Supreme Court decision that legalized abortion. Giuliani expressed his acceptance of abortion but believes it should be decided by individual states. Virginia Gov James Gilmore supported abortion rights in the early stages of pregnancy but implemented restrictions on abortion while serving as governor. The debate, held at the Reagan library, sparked admiration for the former president and conservative figure, with candidates commending Reagan's leadership and principles. Nancy Reagan and Gov Arnold Schwarzenegger were in attendance, but not all candidates shared Reagan's stance on federal funding for stem cell research. The event also included the involvement of Kansas Senator Sam Brownback, Representatives Tom Tancredo of Colorado, Ron Paul of Texas, and Duncan Hunter of California, as well as former Governor Tommy Thompson of Wisconsin. | 2 |
He addressed a virtual press conference following the opening of a Global Centre on Adaptation office in Dhaka on Tuesday. He emphasized the importance of sharing the best practices in adaptation among countries and stressed the need for quick action with collective expertise and financial resources. Ban, the chairman of GCA, praised Bangladesh for its resilience in dealing with disasters while the world focuses on the impacts of climate change. He highlighted the successful evacuation efforts during the recent cyclone Amphan, which occurred amid the coronavirus pandemic. During his inauguration speech, Ban Ki-moon praised Bangladesh as a prime example of successfully addressing climate change. This was cited as a key reason for establishing an office in the country. Referring to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the GCA chairman warned that a 1-meter rise in sea level by 2050 could potentially submerge 17 percent of Bangladesh. He also pointed out that even a slight rise in sea level could lead to flooding in Dhaka city, underscoring the significant threat Bangladesh faces as one of the most vulnerable countries to global warming. He stressed the importance of long-term planning, preparedness, understanding potential risks, implementing risk management strategies, education, and raising awareness to effectively combat the crisis. Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina participated in the opening of the office through a video call from Ganabhaban. Foreign Minister AK Abdul Momen was also present at the event. | 2 |
Wearing white boiler suits, about 300 protesters gathered on the red carpet where Hollywood stars usually premiere their films during the 11-day event. Holding banners with messages like 'Our home is on fire' and 'No to cruise ships', the protesters sat outside the main festival venue, chanting slogans and surrounded by police. Chiara Buratti, a member of the Venice anti-cruise ship committee, said that addressing the climate crisis was more important than anything else in the world. The protesters, who were seeking celebrity support for their cause, peacefully left several hours later. The festival's last day is Saturday, held on the Venice Lido, with the winner of the Golden Lion prize being announced in the evening. Buratti mentioned that the protesters were also preparing for a march on a different part of the Lido later in the day. The demonstrators, representing Italian and foreign groups, were participating in a Venice Climate Camp event that spanned over five days. Demonstrator Sina Reisch from the German group Ende Gelande emphasized that the climate crisis is a global issue that transcends borders. The protesters received backing from musician Mick Jagger and actor Donald Sutherland, who were set to appear on the red carpet to promote their thriller "The Burnt Orange Heresy". Jagger expressed his satisfaction with the younger generation taking action to protect the planet during a news conference for the movie. He emphasized the current environmental challenges, particularly in the US where regulations are being dismantled by the current administration. Sutherland echoed the importance of environmental activism and the need for support, urging protesters to continue fighting for change. He also highlighted the importance of voting out officials who do not prioritize environmental and social issues for the sake of future generations. He stated that they are destroying the world. While we have played a part in its destruction, they are making sure of it. | 2 |
Trump's recent decision to potentially end the agreement was a significant shift in US foreign policy, particularly as tensions with North Korea continue to escalate. This move came shortly after he criticized Obama's healthcare reform, marking the second time in as many days. The agreement, which was also supported by several other countries, aimed to prevent Iran from developing nuclear weapons. However, Trump believes it was too lenient and has handed the decision over to Congress, who may choose to amend it or reimpose sanctions on Iran. Trump emphasized the need to avoid a path that could lead to increased violence, terrorism, and the risk of Iran obtaining nuclear weapons. European allies are concerned about a potential rift with Washington due to President Trump's decision to put the nuclear agreement in limbo, which they believe diminishes US credibility internationally. Trump's "America First" approach has also resulted in the US withdrawing from the Paris climate accord and the Trans-Pacific Partnership trade talks, as well as renegotiating NAFTA with Canada and Mexico. In response, Iranian President Hassan Rouhani stated that Iran remains committed to the deal and criticized Trump for making unfounded accusations. Rouhani emphasized that Iran will not yield to foreign pressure and declared that both Iran and the deal are now stronger than ever. On October 13, 2017, Iranian President Hassan Rouhani delivered a television address in Tehran, Iran, as reported by President.ir Handout via Reuters. The head of the UN atomic watchdog emphasized that Iran is abiding by the most stringent nuclear verification regime in the world and is in compliance with the agreement, known formally as the JCPOA. Yukiya Amano, the director general of the International Atomic Energy Agency, stated that Iran is fulfilling its nuclear-related commitments under the deal. According to US law, the president is required to certify to Congress every 90 days that Iran is adhering to the agreement, a responsibility that President Trump had fulfilled reluctantly on two occasions. According to two administration officials knowledgeable about the Iran policy debate, Trump disregarded the advice of his top officials, including his secretary of defense, secretary of state, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, chief of staff, and national security advisor. Instead, Trump chose to listen to the more hardline views of CIA Director Mike Pompeo and some outside voices. The decision was criticized by US Democrats, with Senator Ben Cardin stating that Trump's actions will isolate the US from its allies during a time of nuclear crisis with North Korea. EU foreign policy chief Federica Mogherini also expressed concern, stating that the international community cannot afford to dismantle a working nuclear agreement. This agreement is not a two-party deal. The US Congress will have a 60-day period to decide whether or not to reinstate economic sanctions on Tehran that were lifted as part of the agreement. If Congress chooses to reapply the sanctions, the United States would be breaching the terms of the nuclear deal, potentially causing it to collapse. If lawmakers take no action, the agreement will remain in effect. Outside the White House, a single protester wearing a mask of Donald Trump demonstrates against the President's announcement regarding the Iran nuclear deal and his stance towards Iran. Senate Foreign Relations Committee Chairman Bob Corker is working on amending a law regarding Iran to include "trigger points" that could lead to the automatic reimposition of US sanctions if crossed by Tehran. A protestor wearing a Donald Trump mask demonstrated outside the White House against President Trump's announcement on the Iran nuclear deal and his policy towards Iran. The triggers could involve reimposing US sanctions if Iran is deemed to be less than a year away from developing a nuclear weapon. Additionally, they may address tougher nuclear inspections, Iran's ballistic missile program, and eliminate the deal's "sunset clauses" that gradually lift restrictions on Iran's nuclear program. It is uncertain if Congress will pass the legislation. Trump cautioned that if a resolution cannot be reached with Congress and allies, the agreement will be ended. He specifically targeted Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps for sanctions and strongly criticized Tehran for its destabilizing actions in Syria, Yemen, and Iraq. The Trump administration condemned the Revolutionary Guards but did not officially label them as a foreign terrorist organization. The group holds significant power in Iran's security, political, and economic structures and greatly impacts both domestic and foreign policies. Although the group had already been sanctioned by the US under different authorities, the recent measures are expected to have a primarily symbolic effect. The US military announced on Friday that it was exploring potential collaborations with allies to increase pressure on Iran in alignment with Trump's new strategy. Additionally, it was reassessing the deployment of US forces. However, Defense Secretary Jim Mattis noted that Iran had not engaged in any provocative actions in response to Trump's announcement. | 2 |
During an awards ceremony where no single film stood out, Alejandro Inarritu from Mexico won the best directing Oscar for "The Revenant," making him the first filmmaker in over six decades to win consecutive Academy Awards. Inarritu's previous win was in 2015 for "Birdman." "The Revenant" had 12 nominations going into the ceremony and was one of four movies considered strong contenders for best picture after winning Golden Globe and BAFTA awards. The ambitious 20th Century Fox film, set in the Pioneer era and filmed in freezing temperatures, also marked Leonardo DiCaprio's first Oscar win, leading to a standing ovation from the star-studded Hollywood crowd. DiCaprio, in his acceptance speech, emphasized the importance of taking action on climate change and expressed gratitude for the recognition. The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences voters selected Open Road Films' "Spotlight" as the best picture, a movie that follows the Boston Globe's award-winning investigation into child sex abuse by Catholic priests in 2003. The film also won best original screenplay. Producer Michael Sugar accepted the Oscar for Best Picture and emphasized that the movie gave a voice to survivors, with the hope that the award would amplify this voice and create a choir that reaches all the way to the Vatican. 26-year-old rising star Brie Larson won the award for best actress for her role in the indie film "Room," adding to her collection of trophies from other award shows. The Oscars had a recurring theme of racial issues, with criticism about the lack of diversity in the acting nominee line-up for the second year in a row. Comedian Rock, who is black, referred to the show as "the white People's Choice awards" and questioned why the controversy over diversity hadn't come up sooner. He highlighted the struggles black Americans faced in the past, such as being raped and lynched, and suggested that there were more important issues to protest about at the time. Rock also went to the Compton neighborhood in Los Angeles to ask residents if they were familiar with the Oscar-nominated films. No one had any negative comments. Many nominees praised Rock for handling a challenging topic well. Adam McKay, director of "The Big Short," thought Rock's jokes about Hollywood and diversity were fair and funny. Others also appreciated Rock putting people of color in focus on the big night for the movie industry. Alejandro Inarritu, who won the Best Director award for "The Revenant", expressed gratitude for his luck in being at the ceremony, while acknowledging that others have not been as fortunate. He expressed hope that in the future, skin color would be as irrelevant as hair length. In another surprise, Mark Rylance from Britain beat Sylvester Stallone to win the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for "Bridge of Spies." In his speech, Rylance praised Stallone and declared him the true winner in his eyes. Arnold Schwarzenegger, a fellow action star, expressed his pride in a video he posted online. Sam Smith's theme song for the James Bond movie "Spectre" won over Lady Gaga's ballad "Til It Happens to You" focused on sexual assault awareness. Alicia Vikander won the supporting actress Oscar for her role in the transgender film "The Danish Girl," while the documentary "Amy" about British pop star Amy Winehouse also received an award. "Mad Max: Fury Road," produced by Warner Bros, was the top winner with six Oscars, all in technical categories like costume, make-up, and editing. | 2 |
In the dense forests of the picturesque Danube island of Persin, where endangered sea eagles and pygmy cormorants reside, lies the haunting remnants of a communist-era concentration camp. Between 1949-59, hundreds of individuals considered "enemies of the regime" died from abuse, starvation, and exhaustion at Bulgaria's Belene camp, where corpses were even fed to pigs. Two decades after the collapse of communism, Belene is largely forgotten, with only a small marble plaque recounting its dark history. Nostalgia for the past is on the rise in the small Balkan nation and throughout the former Soviet bloc, as capitalism's shortcomings in improving living standards, enforcing the rule of law, and combating corruption and nepotism have led to a yearning for the days of full employment, affordable food, and strong social safety nets. Rumen Petkov, a former guard turned clerk at the only remaining prison on Persin island, mentioned that the negative experiences have been forgotten. He noted that there is a sense of nostalgia, especially among the older population, as he stood in front of the deteriorating buildings of a former jail that was opened on the site after the camp was closed in 1959. In the 1980s, the communists imprisoned many ethnic Turks here for refusing to change their names to Bulgarian. Some young people in the nearby town of Belene, connected to the island by a pontoon bridge, also look back fondly on the past, with one resident mentioning that life was better before with more opportunities for travel and access to goods like clothes, shoes, and food. Currently, a significant portion of our earnings is dedicated to purchasing food. Individuals who hold university degrees are struggling to find employment and often choose to relocate to other countries. In Moscow, a number of Soviet-themed restaurants have emerged, hosting nostalgia nights where attendees dress as pioneers and dance to communist music. Traditional Soviet treats like Champagne and Red October Chocolates are still popular for birthday parties. Additionally, "USSR" apparel such as T-shirts and baseball caps are commonly seen throughout Russia during the summer months. Analysts say that while there is little desire for old regimes to be reinstated, apathy is a significant consequence. Disenchantment with democracy is prevalent across former communist eastern Europe, with mistrust of the elites who facilitated EU citizenship being particularly high. A recent regional poll by the U.S. Pew Research Center revealed a significant decline in support for democracy and capitalism in countries like Ukraine, Bulgaria, Lithuania, and Hungary. In Ukraine, for example, approval of the shift to democracy dropped from 72 percent in 1991 to just 30 percent in 2009. In Bulgaria and Lithuania, the percentage of the population affected by the economic crisis has decreased from almost three-quarters in 1991. Surveys conducted by Freedom House, a U.S.-based human rights group, indicate a regression or lack of progress in corruption, governance, independent media, and civil society in the new EU-member states. The global economic crisis has negatively impacted the region, ending several years of growth and challenging the effectiveness of neoliberal capitalism. As a result, the aspiration to catch up with wealthier Western neighbors has been replaced by a feeling of injustice due to the widening wealth gap. In Hungary, a country heavily impacted by the economic downturn, a survey conducted by pollster Szonda Ipsos in October revealed that 70 percent of adults who lived through the regime change in 1989 expressed disappointment with the outcomes. People in the former Yugoslav countries, who are still not part of the EU and have been affected by ethnic wars in the 1990s, are looking back nostalgically at the socialist era of Josip Broz Tito. During that time, they were able to travel across Europe without needing a visa. Belgrade pensioner Koviljka Markovic, aged 70, expressed that life was better back then, with less street crime, secure jobs, and salaries that allowed for a decent standard of living. Nowadays, she struggles to survive on her monthly pension of 250 euros ($370). In Bulgaria, some are starting to view the 33-year rule of the late dictator Todor Zhivkov as a golden era, especially when compared to the corruption and crime that have plagued the country since his downfall. More than 60 percent of people believe that they had a better life in the past, despite having to wait in shopping queues, relying on social connections to obtain valuable goods, being unable to access items like jeans and Coca Cola, and waiting up to a decade to purchase a car. Historians Andrei Pantev and Bozhidar Gavrilov noted in a book on influential figures in Bulgaria's history that for some Bulgarians, security was more important than freedom. Even three years after joining the EU, Bulgaria still has the lowest average monthly salary and pension in the union. Countries like Poland and the Czech Republic, which joined the EU in 2004, also have lower incomes compared to western Europe. According to a 2008 global survey by Gallup, Bulgaria, Serbia, and Romania were among the top 10 most dissatisfied countries in the world. Zsofia Kis, a 23-year old student in Budapest, observed that our parents' generation was content with what they had, unlike today where everyone craves more. This is partly due to communist regimes artificially controlling unemployment. Despite two decades of difficult reforms, most people are unwilling to make further sacrifices necessary for a full overhaul of the economy and judiciary. This has led to demoralization and increased support for political parties that promise strong leadership. Former KGB agent and current Prime Minister Vladimir Putin has referred to the collapse of the Soviet Union as the most significant geopolitical event of the century. Critics of the Kremlin believe that this sentiment reflects a dangerous trend of romanticizing the Soviet era in order to justify the government's restrictions on the media and opposition groups. Historian Nikita Petrov from the Memorial human rights group has observed a deliberate effort to portray the Soviet regime in a positive light to appeal to younger generations. In Bulgaria, powerful individuals known as oligarchs who dominate various industries have emerged from the ranks of the former communist party and its feared secret services. The identities of corrupt politicians and crime leaders are widely known, yet Bulgaria has not successfully prosecuted any high-ranking officials for corruption since 1989, with only one gang leader being jailed. Additionally, no one has been held accountable for the communist-era atrocities. Commonly used terms among Bulgarians include "dalavera," a Turkish term for fraud, "mutri," a slang word for unsightly mafia members, and "mente," which refers to counterfeit goods. Many people are becoming disillusioned with the idea of achieving success through honest means. Boriana Dimitrova from the Bulgarian polling agency Alpha Research stated that success is seen as illegal, especially in the Balkans, the poorest part of Europe, where powerful parallel structures exist without consequences. Some people believe that the old regime, despite being repressive, at least maintained law and order. Prime Minister Boiko Borisov of the center-right populist GERB party won a landslide victory in Bulgaria in July by promising to end the culture of impunity. Analysts suggest that only populist governments can thrive in the region due to public dissatisfaction and economic recession. According to Ivan Krastev from Sofia's Liberal Strategies Institute, there is a high level of distrust in political leaders and institutions, making it difficult to persuade people to cooperate under unpopular governments. Some Bulgarians criticize the West for accepting former communist officials into positions of power. Critics point to the election of Irina Bokova, who has a communist background, as head of UNESCO as an example of Western hypocrisy. Bokova's career benefited from her past connections and education in Moscow during the communist era. Some Eastern Europeans believe they have successfully embraced and even surpassed capitalist ideals, particularly in their pursuit of material wealth. During the boom years, a significant portion of the loans were used to purchase luxurious items such as fancy cars, yachts, flat-screen TVs, designer clothes, silicon surgeries, and exotic vacations. The trend of adopting foreign standards extended to giving babies Western names and broadcasting reality shows like "Big Brother" on TV. Renowned Bulgarian artist Nikola Manev, who resides in Paris, expressed concern about the Americanization of Bulgaria, noting that English is commonly spoken and restaurants have names like Miami. Manev questioned why Bulgarian culture is being overshadowed by foreign influences. He observed that despite the superficial appearance of progress with new buildings, shops, and shiny cars, people are actually becoming more unhappy and aggressive. He suggested that spiritual remedies may be needed. This fall, tickets for performances at Sofia's theaters are selling out weeks in advance, a phenomenon that hasn't been seen in many years. | 2 |
Ardem Patapoutian and David Julius were awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine on Monday. Giorgio Parisi, Syukuro Manabe, and Klaus Hasselmann received the physics prize for their work on chaotic climate. Benjamin List and David MacMillan were honored with the chemistry award for their molecule building tool. Tanzanian novelist Abdulrazak Gurnah, aged 72, became the second writer of color in sub-Saharan Africa to win the Nobel Prize for Literature on Wednesday. Toni Morrison was the last Black recipient of the prize in 1993. Anne-Marie Morhed, head of the Swedish Association of Female Academics, noted that Gurnah fits the criteria of a writer from a non-traditional cultural background, but is not a woman. There are two remaining awards, the Peace Prize and the Economy Prize, which the Norwegian Nobel committee still has the opportunity to present to a woman. Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya, an exiled Belarus opposition leader, and Greta Thunberg are two women who are considered contenders for the Nobel Peace Prize, which will be announced in Norway on Friday. The Norwegian Nobel Committee is predominantly made up of women, with a woman leading the committee, just like the previous committee. In recent years, there has been a significant effort to diversify the recipients of prestigious awards, such as the Nobel Prize, by not exclusively awarding them to white men from North America and Western Europe, as was common in the past. Professor Winston Morgan, a toxicologist at the University of East London, has highlighted the lack of Black recipients in the fields of medicine, chemistry, and physics compared to the history of Black peace laureates. He also noted that there is a significant gender gap in the number of female prize winners, prompting scientists of both genders to express their disappointment on social media about the lack of women recognized for their achievements. GenderAvenger, a non-profit organization committed to promoting women's voices in public discussions, criticized the Nobel Prize awards for their lack of female representation in four out of six categories. They compared the situation to a mystery novel where the ending is already known halfway through. Additionally, some individuals, such as Ellie Murray, an assistant professor of epidemiology at Boston University School of Public Health, expressed disappointment that the contributions of Katalin Kariko and Kizzmekia Corbett, who played key roles in developing mRNA vaccines during the pandemic, were not recognized in this year's awards. Experts who follow the Nobel Prize closely believe that Katalin Kariko and Drew Weissman are likely to be recognized in the future, as the committee typically rewards recipients after some time has passed. The Nobel Prize has specific criteria and traditions that are difficult to deviate from, but it is expected that the committee will acknowledge scientific advancements made during the pandemic in the next few years. While the number of women and scientists from Japan and China receiving Nobel Prizes is increasing, there has not been a similar trend for Black scientists. He expressed more concern about the lack of black scientists in universities and their support. When questioned about the lack of Black Nobel Prize winners in literature, Gurnah mentioned that the world was evolving. Jesper Haeggstrom, chairman of the Nobel Assembly for Physiology or Medicine, stated that the under-representation of women in science historically was a factor in the lack of female prize winners. Haeggstrom refused to comment on the impact of gender in the committee's selection process, stating that scientific competence is the main factor. Critics argue that the composition of the committees raises concerns, with only a small percentage of women represented in key positions. The chemistry committee is made up of six male members and two co-opted female members. | 2 |
The prime minister encouraged the public to plant additional trees as she launched the 'National Tree Plantation Campaign' at Ganabhaban on Saturday. She emphasized the importance of World Environment Day and urged everyone in the country to plant trees, suggesting that planting three trees at a time is ideal. If you cannot do that, then at least plant one tree." Emphasizing the threat of climate change, the leader of the Awami League called for efforts to create a more environmentally friendly Bangladesh. She also discussed the government's efforts to promote afforestation, which she believes will further enhance Bangladesh's progress now that it has been recognized as a developing country. "We have seen significant success in afforestation. Thanks to these efforts, we have been able to increase our forest area by about 22 percent." Additionally, the prime minister mentioned that many families in the country are now starting their own gardens as they become more aware of the benefits of a green environment. "Trees provide numerous advantages to our lives." I encourage everyone to protect the environment and your own financial stability by planting trees on a large scale. | 2 |
Cuba is set to release seven out of 59 dissidents who have been imprisoned since 2003, a decision that opponents of Fidel Castro see as indicative of a changing atmosphere under his brother's leadership. The first releases of dissidents since August were facilitated by Spain on medical grounds and announced by Spanish Foreign Minister Miguel Angel Moratinos on Friday. Moratinos expressed satisfaction with the unilateral decision made by Cuban authorities following dialogue with Spain. According to the Spanish newspaper El Pais, four of the released dissidents will be relocated to Spain with their families for medical treatment. These four individuals have been transferred from various prisons in Cuba to the Combinado del Este prison on the outskirts of Havana. The individuals are Omar Pernet, Jose Gabriel Ramon Castillo, Alejandro Gonzalez, and Pedro Pablo Alvarez. Alvarez, 60, said in a telephone interview with Reuters from prison, "We hope that there will be more releases besides ours. The four of us are in good health and have been treated well. We are unsure of when we will be released, it could be either today or tomorrow." The dissidents were detained in a political crackdown ordered by Fidel Castro in March 2003, resulting in the imprisonment of 75 opponents for sentences of up to 28 years. Sixteen individuals were previously released on medical grounds. Economist Oscar Espinosa Chepe, one of the freed dissidents, viewed the recent releases as a positive move by acting President Raul Castro, who has been in charge of Cuba since Fidel Castro fell ill in July 2006. Fidel Castro has not been seen in public since then. Espinosa Chepe described the releases as a logical decision by the Cuban government and reformist factions seeking change. "It reflects a climate of change and will benefit that climate of change," he said. Another dissident, Manuel Cuesta Morua, stated that Raul Castro's government was responding to international requests for improved human rights in Cuba. The releases demonstrate that Spain's strategy of engaging with Cuba's communist government is yielding tangible results, Morua added. According to the Cuban Commission for Human Rights, there were 234 political prisoners in Cuba at the end of 2007, a decrease from 283 the previous year, indicating a reduction in the number of Cubans imprisoned for political reasons since Raul Castro assumed power. Last August, Cuba released its longest-serving political prisoner, Francisco Chaviano Gonzalez, who had been jailed for over 13 years. Morua mentioned that additional releases can be anticipated as Havana gets ready to ratify the U.N. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and a comparable agreement on economic and social rights by the coming month. This would require Cuba to permit regular U.N. oversight of its human rights performance starting in 2009. The Cuban government prohibits the International Red Cross from visiting its prisons. It refutes detaining any political prisoners and categorizes dissidents as "counter-revolutionary mercenaries" funded by its main adversary, the United States. | 2 |
According to sources, the program known as "Countering Violent Extremism," or CVE, is expected to be renamed to "Countering Islamic Extremism" or "Countering Radical Islamic Extremism." Under this change, the program would no longer focus on groups like white supremacists who have also carried out violent attacks in the United States. This shift in focus is in line with President Trump's campaign promises and his criticism of former President Obama for not using the term "radical Islam" to describe groups like Islamic State. The CVE program, which aims to prevent extremist attacks through community partnerships and educational initiatives, has partnered with companies like Google and Facebook. Some supporters of the program are concerned that rebranding it could hinder efforts to work with Muslim communities who are already wary of the new administration, especially after Trump's recent executive order on travel restrictions from predominantly Muslim countries. The CVE program, which targets US residents and is separate from a military effort to combat extremism online, has faced criticism for being ineffective. A source who has worked closely with the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) on the program revealed that members of the Trump transition team met with a CVE task force in December and discussed the possibility of changing the name and focus of the program. During a recent meeting attended by senior staff for DHS Secretary John Kelly, government employees were questioned about their selection of community organizations to receive CVE program grants. Despite Congress appropriating funding for CVE and grant recipients being notified during the Obama administration, the money may still not be distributed as Kelly is reviewing the situation. The department declined to comment on the matter. The White House did not provide a response when asked for comment. Some Republicans in Congress have criticized the program, arguing that labeling violence as "radical Islam" would help deter attacks. Others believe that using this term would alienate peaceful Muslim Americans. Many community groups are wary of the program, fearing it could be used for surveillance. Hoda Hawa of the Muslim Public Affairs Council was informed by DHS officials that there is a push to focus the program solely on Islamist extremism. She expressed concern about the targeting of a religious group and putting it under suspicion. A DHS official mentioned a name change was in the works. Others familiar with the situation said plans had been talked about but it was unclear if they were confirmed. The Obama administration worked on building relationships with community organizations for counterterrorism efforts. In 2016, Congress allocated $10 million for CVE efforts and DHS gave out the first round of grants shortly before Trump took office. The approved recipients of the grants included local governments, city police departments, universities, and non-profit organizations. These grants were not only given to organizations focused on countering Islamic State recruitment in the United States, but also to Life After Hate, which works to rehabilitate former neo-Nazis and other domestic extremists. Recent incidents in Charleston, South Carolina, California, Florida, and New York have shown that radical ideologies have been behind violent attacks. One of the grant recipients, Leaders Advancing & Helping Communities, a Michigan-based group led by Lebanese-Americans, declined a $500,000 DHS grant they had originally sought. The group confirmed the rejection of the grant but did not provide further comment. An email sent last Thursday stated that due to the current political situation and reasons for worry, LAHC has decided to reject the award. This decision was made before Trump issued his immigration order, which was criticized for being discriminatory against Muslims, although the White House claimed it was to safeguard the American people from threats of terrorism by foreign individuals. | 2 |
During a livestreamed staff meeting on his Facebook page, Mark Zuckerberg, the chief executive of Facebook, announced that within the next decade, up to half of the company's more than 48,000 employees would be working from home. Zuckerberg stated that the COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant changes in our lives, including the way we work, and he believes remote work will continue to be a growing trend. This decision by Facebook, the first among major tech companies, marks a significant departure from the traditional business culture of having employees work in large offices. Tech companies have historically provided perks such as free shuttle buses, cafeterias, and personal services to encourage employees to stay in the office. If other large companies follow Facebook's lead, there could be a shift in tech employment away from expensive hubs like Silicon Valley, Seattle, and New York. The choice to work remotely may encourage tech employees who feel their high salaries are still not sufficient to purchase homes in San Francisco or San Jose to think about relocating to other regions of the country. This announcement from Zuckerberg comes after similar decisions made by Twitter and Square, both run by Jack Dorsey. Dorsey recently stated that employees at his companies can work from home indefinitely. While Google has allowed employees to work from home until the end of the year, there is no indication of permanent plans. There is a growing trend of remote work among tech professionals. Following Dorsey's announcement, there was a significant increase in Google searches for "Twitter jobs," as reported by Google Trends. Aaron Levie, the CEO of Box, a business technology company, took to Twitter to express his belief that the current trend towards remote work is just as revolutionary for the tech industry as the launch of the iPhone over a decade ago. Tech executives have traditionally valued in-person communication as a key factor in fostering creativity for developing successful products. This belief was reflected in the sprawling campuses of tech giants like Apple, Google, Facebook, and Amazon. Even before the pandemic, major tech companies were already looking to expand beyond their main offices, following the example set by older companies like Intel. Amazon, for instance, is looking to establish a second headquarters in Virginia, a move that could be expedited by the coronavirus pandemic. According to Robert Silverman, a professor at the State University of New York at Buffalo, discussions in the tech sector were previously focused on bringing employees to work sites and providing affordable housing. The current situation is seen as a logical next step. The potential exodus of tech employees from major urban centers, coupled with layoffs, could significantly affect local communities. For example, housing prices in the Bay Area have decreased since the start of the pandemic, as reported by rental firm Zumper. Rent prices dropped by 7% in San Francisco and 15% in Menlo Park, where Facebook is located. Mark Zuckerberg has been concerned about remote employees losing productivity, and in the past, Facebook offered cash bonuses to employees living within 10 miles of headquarters. Facebook recently expanded its main campus with new offices designed by Frank Gehry, which includes a large roof garden. The company also moved into a 43-story office tower in San Francisco last year and is considering a significant office expansion in New York. In March, the coronavirus lockdown caused companies to have their employees work from home. Tech companies such as Facebook cleared out their offices before local shelter-in-place orders were issued. Now, over two months later, company executives are finding that their remote workers have exceeded their expectations in performance. Zuckerberg noted that employees stayed focused despite working from home. Facebook will start by permitting senior engineers to work remotely, and will later allow current employees to request permission to work from home if they have good performance evaluations. Beginning in January, Facebook will adjust employee compensation according to the cost of living in the locations where employees decide to reside. Mark Zuckerberg stated that Facebook will verify employee locations by monitoring where they log in to internal systems. Zuckerberg believes that this change will bring more advantages than drawbacks for the company, as it will enable Facebook to expand its recruitment efforts, retain talented employees, decrease the environmental impact of commuting, and enhance the diversity of its workforce. Currently, Facebook, Square, and Twitter are taking a more assertive approach compared to other companies in the industry. Their work is primarily conducted through software code, which can be managed remotely. However, at Apple, a large number of employees are hardware engineers who are required to work in the company's lab due to the strict confidentiality surrounding its products. Tim Cook, the CEO of Apple, announced in April that the main office in Silicon Valley would remain closed until at least June, with no further updates provided. Startups may struggle with managing a remote workforce, as allowing employees to reside in the Midwest could reduce costs, but Silicon Valley offers a vast talent pool from which startups typically recruit. Many venture capitalists, primarily located in Silicon Valley and San Francisco, prefer the companies they invest in to have a local presence. Snap, a Los Angeles-based company known for Snapchat, has allowed employees to work from home until September. Snap's CEO, Evan Spiegel, mentioned in an interview that he regularly reevaluates the situation and takes advice from health authorities on when to reopen. Spiegel emphasized the importance of staying flexible in a rapidly changing situation, despite the pressure to provide definitive statements as a leader. | 2 |
NEW ORLEANS, Oct 16,(bdnews24.com/Reuters) - President Barack Obama responded to critics who have questioned his achievements during his first nine months in office, stating that he is just beginning. Recently, Obama has faced criticism from both liberals and conservatives for not doing enough to promote certain causes and for taking too long to make decisions, such as sending more troops to Afghanistan. A comedy skit on NBC's "Saturday Night Live" highlighted these criticisms, with an actor portraying Obama joking about his perceived lack of accomplishments. Criticism has been mounting over the past year with many questioning what progress has been made during Obama's presidency. This criticism was further intensified when Obama received the Nobel Peace Prize, with even some of his supporters suggesting it was premature. During his visit to see the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, Obama acknowledged that his efforts had brought some improvements to the US economy and were moving towards an overhaul of the healthcare system. Despite the challenges, Obama emphasized that he never expected the tasks at hand to be easy. He also addressed the unrealistic expectations some reporters have, such as solving world hunger. He asked why everyone had not done it yet after nine months, despite his warning that it would not be easy, as the crowd laughed. He also questioned what he had said during the campaign. I mentioned that change is difficult, especially when it is a significant change. Obama criticized Republicans who were against Democratic healthcare plans, accusing them of obstructing progress. He declared that he was just beginning and addressed the question of why some people dislike him. The town-hall meeting highlighted the political divide in America, as evidenced by the reaction to Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal being introduced by Democratic Obama. Some in the crowd booed until Obama praised Jindal as a dedicated politician. Towards the end of the event, a young schoolboy named Terence Scott asked Obama why people hated him. Obama responded by pointing out that he did win the presidency and received many votes, indicating that not everyone hated him. Obama pointed out that lately, it appears that people are constantly angry, especially when watching television. He attributed this trend to political tensions and worries among Americans about job security and healthcare. Despite acknowledging that blame often comes with the job, Obama declared that he can handle it. | 2 |
An expert, Richard Lord, who is a commercial litigator and observer of Oxfam's mock climate tribunal, stated that insurance companies have the potential to promote environmentally friendly behavior. Lord, who has specialized in insurance claims for over two decades, highlighted that industries are often more proactive in addressing climate change compared to governments. He emphasized that industries are more conscious of climate change and have taken more responsible actions, partly due to pressure from their shareholders. Activists and regulators are both exerting pressure on insurance companies, causing them to take the issue seriously. Lord, who works at Brick Court Chambers in London, has dealt with settling claims for Hurricane Katrina victims, giving him insight into the seriousness with which insurance companies are approaching the issue due to the need to be aware of all risks. Lord mentioned that insurance companies are actively interested in comprehending climate change risks and potential litigation risks in order to fully grasp the implications. For example, if a homeowner has to pay higher premiums for insuring a house in a flood-prone area, they are likely to question the reasons behind it. Lord explained that insurance companies gather detailed information to better understand risks, which can impact people's behavior. He also highlighted that the insurance industry, larger than oil, gas, or other major sectors, could wield significant influence globally. Lord emphasized that insurers' economic power underpins a large portion of commercial activity. The commercial litigator who came to observe the tribunal was hesitant to comment on the issue due to his lack of knowledge about Bangladesh laws. He emphasized that he was not an environmental or human rights lawyer, and mentioned that litigation was just one tool to address climate change, albeit a somewhat blunt one. Lord noted that as the problem of climate change worsens and some people continue to ignore its consequences, alternative methods to address the issue will likely be pursued. He found it interesting to see the atmospheric trust litigation, which he described as a relatively new concept invoking ancient principles that have traditionally applied to assets deemed essential to society, such as water. However, Lord stated that he was not aware of any cases of climate litigation. He mentioned that many countries include the right to a clean environment in their constitutions either directly or indirectly through references to broader rights or human rights. Lord also pointed out that while the issues in Bangladesh may be emotionally moving, they lack compelling evidence based on scientific research to establish a clear cause and effect. Therefore, the litigator explained that turning a mock tribunal into a real tribunal raises complex issues. He mentioned that the hypothetical defendant, such as the Bangladesh government, could argue that they are already taking sufficient measures to combat climate change by pointing out their low carbon footprint of 200 kilograms per person, compared to 8600kgs for each British citizen. Alternatively, in a legal dispute between nations, the hypothetical defendant, most likely a developed country, could deny any historical responsibility by claiming that they have developed in a similar way to how Bangladesh is striving to. He expressed uncertainty about how the Bangladesh authorities could bring a case against a government like the United States. This is why many have been addressing the issue indirectly by blocking permits, issuing injunctions, or calling for environmental impact assessments for certain entities, which are also leading to positive changes. | 2 |
Yatri Motorcycles, a startup, has introduced sleek e-motorbikes in Nepal with the aim of encouraging people to switch to electric vehicles. The company believes that this transition can help clean up the country's polluted air, save money, reduce petrol imports, and contribute to achieving climate goals. Founder Ashim Pandey stated that it is inevitable for society to move towards electric vehicles as battery technology continues to improve. Globally, manufacturers are working on developing affordable, low-emission vehicles in response to the increasing number of countries planning to ban the sale of new fossil fuel-powered cars to address climate change. Despite Nepal's commitment in the 2015 Paris Agreement to have 20% electric vehicles by 2020, the country currently only has 1%, as reported by the Climate Action Tracker website. Nepal has a small carbon footprint globally due to its extensive forest cover and reliance on hydropower for electricity. However, emissions are increasing due to a rise in petrol and diesel vehicle imports and fossil fuel consumption. The government aims to transition to electric vehicles by reducing taxes and customs duties on imports and installing more charging stations. Despite a commitment to have e-vehicles account for 90% of private passenger vehicle sales by 2030, progress has been slow. Currently, Nepal has approximately 700 electric cars, 5,000 electric scooters, and 40,000 electric rickshaws, according to the Electric Vehicle Association of Nepal. WORLD-CLASS Yatri Motorcycles was established in 2017 with the vision of creating superior electric vehicles in Nepal. Pandey, the founder, expressed the company's goal of expanding into international markets and exporting advanced technology and capital goods. Drawing from his background as an aerospace engineer in The Netherlands and experience designing hydrogen-powered race cars in university, Pandey has an ambitious 10-year plan. The company's first project, Project Zero, is a high-end motorbike featuring a digital dashboard, 4G connectivity, keyless start, a 240km range, and a maximum speed of 140km/h, with a two-hour recharge time. It surpasses most two-wheelers available in the market, which are typically manufactured in China and India, offering lower range and speed but costing almost 2,000,000 Nepalese rupees ($16,797) - nearly seven times the price of a petrol motorbike. Yatri introduced a more budget-friendly model, Project One, priced at 500,000 rupees in April, leading to 50 orders within a week. "The initial cost will decrease as production scales up," according to Pandey. "We are on track to achieving our goal of selling 200 units in 2021." Motorcycles play a crucial role in the transition to electric vehicles as they represent 80% of Nepal's registered vehicles, offering commuters a cost-effective option compared to the crowded and chaotic public buses in the country, as per government data. However, electric motorbikes alone will not be enough to reduce carbon emissions in Nepal's transportation sector. According to government data from 2011, trucks are the highest emitters at 29%, followed by cars and vans at 26%, and buses at 19%, with two-wheelers at 8%. Yatri's long-term objective is to introduce electric vans and buses for fleet operators by the end of the decade. Yatri believes that addressing the issue of space is crucial in solving the challenges of modern cities, and that a reliable, comfortable, and attractive public transportation system will be key in addressing urban mobility issues. In Nepal, there has been a history of experimenting with e-vehicles, such as trolleybuses and Safa Tempos. However, both of these options faced challenges - the electric buses failed due to mismanagement and the Safa Tempos lost popularity to diesel vehicles because of their inefficient batteries. The government is looking to reintroduce electric vehicles by purchasing 300 electric buses. One of the main obstacles in increasing e-vehicle sales is the lack of charging stations, according to Manish Pandey, a popular YouTuber who travels around the country on a motorbike. Despite planning to film a long-distance trip using an e-scooter six months ago, the 23-year-old had to cancel his plans. He stated that due to the lack of charging stations along the route and the limited range of electric vehicles, he was unable to finish the journey. He indicated that the current availability of charging stations would deter him from choosing to ride an electric motorbike. He also highlighted the high cost of electric vehicles as a significant barrier to persuading regular motorcyclists to switch to environmentally friendly options. He mentioned that in a country like Nepal, where there is poor environmental awareness and people prioritize price over eco-friendly technology, convincing customers to go green is a challenge. | 2 |
South Africa is calling on Zimbabwe to uphold the rule of law and the rights of opposition leaders following international concern over the treatment of opposition figures by Zimbabwean police. South Africa's Deputy Foreign Minister Aziz Pahad expressed concern over the situation in Zimbabwe, urging the government to respect the rights of all Zimbabweans and political leaders. South Africa also appealed to opposition leaders to create a conducive environment for resolving the challenges facing Zimbabwe. South Africa has traditionally pursued a policy of "quiet diplomacy" towards Zimbabwe's President Robert Mugabe, believing that public confrontation could be counterproductive. Morgan Tsvangirai, the leader of the Opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC), was arrested along with many others on Sunday for trying to protest against Mugabe's leadership. Tsvangirai and the group went to court on Tuesday but were quickly taken to the hospital for injuries they reportedly suffered while in police custody. Pahad expressed that South Africa would persist in collaborating with all parties in Zimbabwe to promote dialogue among political groups. | 2 |
Greenpeace is urging India to prohibit the use of incandescent light bulbs and switch to more energy efficient lighting options in order to reduce the nation's greenhouse gas emissions by four percent. India is currently one of the top five polluters in the world, alongside countries like the United States, China, Russia, and Japan, and experts predict that its carbon emissions will triple by 2050 due to rapid economic growth and population increase. Greenpeace's climate change campaigner, K. Srinivas, emphasized the importance of India becoming more energy efficient in light of these projections. One method to combat greenhouse gas emissions is by replacing incandescent bulbs with compact fluorescent lights (CFLs), which use less energy and can reduce emissions by four percent. Experts warn that unchecked emissions could lead to a temperature increase of 1.8 to 4.0 degrees Celsius in the 21st century, with the Indian subcontinent being severely impacted. This could result in more frequent and severe natural disasters, increased disease, and hunger. Despite being more expensive than traditional incandescent bulbs, CFLs use 80 percent less energy and can save households and industries money. Srinivas stated that approximately 20 percent of electricity in India is used for lighting, and switching to CFLs could help meet the country's growing power demands. In February, Australia made headlines by becoming the first country to announce a ban on light bulbs, with plans to phase them out over a three-year period. Environmentalists have raised concerns about the mercury content in CFLs, warning that improper disposal could pose serious health risks due to the toxicity of the heavy metal. Despite these concerns, global demand for CFLs remains low, making up just 10 percent of the world's market share for light sources. Greenpeace noted that India, for example, uses 640 million incandescent light bulbs annually, far outnumbering the 12 million CFLs in use. | 2 |
Despite significant economic reform and a willingness to embrace social change, the party remains intolerant of criticism, as evidenced by leader Nguyen Phu Trong's increased crackdown on dissidents and activists since his re-election in 2016. According to a spokesperson from Amnesty International, at least 16 individuals have been arrested, detained, or convicted this year for posting anti-government content on Facebook. Additionally, there are currently 12 political prisoners serving time for similar charges. One such case is that of Pham Van Diep, a 54-year-old activist from Thanh Hoa, who received a nine-year sentence for spreading false information that defamed the Communist Party and Vietnamese government. According to the Vietnam News Agency, Diep also disseminated misleading information about government policies, causing confusion among Facebook users and residents. The posts were published from April 2014 to June 2019, and in 2016 he was imprisoned for 21 months in Laos for distributing anti-Vietnamese materials. This makes Diep the third person to be jailed this month, following a music teacher who was sentenced to 11 years in prison on November 15 for similar anti-government posts on Facebook, and a 38-year-old man who was jailed for broadcasting 33 live video sessions encouraging people to protest during national holidays. Just recently, a 54-year-old architect was also imprisoned for a year for sharing anti-government content on Facebook. Facebook is widely used in Vietnam for both e-commerce and expressing political dissent. It was reported in May that the amount of restricted content in Vietnam had increased by more than six times in the second half of 2018. Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch have called on Hanoi to stop cracking down on an independent publisher and criticized restrictions on freedom of speech that can result in arrests and imprisonment for those who express their opinions. The groups stated on Wednesday that this crackdown has heightened the atmosphere of fear in Vietnam. | 2 |
The explosion barely caught the attention of the abbot, Venerable Ambalangoda Sumedhananda Thero, as he dismissed the mosquitoes buzzing in the night air in Gintota, a town in southern Sri Lanka. He continued to express his strong opinions, claiming that Muslims were violent and greedy, with intentions to take over Buddhist lands. He cited examples such as Afghanistan, Pakistan, Kashmir, and Indonesia as places that had been ruined by Islam. Shortly after, a monastic assistant informed him that a Molotov cocktail had been thrown at a mosque nearby. The abbot waved his hand and shrugged, indicating that his main focus was on the Buddhist majority in Sri Lanka rather than the minority Muslim population. A demonstration led by a Buddhist monk in Myanmar on October 14, 2017, showed support for Daw Aung San Suu Kyi's approach to the Rohingya crisis. Influenced by influential monks, Buddhists are embracing a militant tribal mentality, seeing themselves as spiritual fighters defending their faith against external threats. Inspired by influential monks like Sumedhananda Thero, Buddhists have transitioned into a period of militant tribalism, portraying themselves as spiritual fighters tasked with protecting their religion from external threats. This shift has been evident in countries like Sri Lanka and Myanmar, where Buddhists make up the majority of the population. Despite this, some Buddhists, particularly those who follow the strict Theravada tradition, feel a sense of vulnerability and believe they are at risk from extremist elements within Islam. As Buddhism and Islam come into conflict, some Buddhists are straying from the peaceful principles of their religion. In recent years, there have been violent attacks by Buddhist mobs against minority Muslim communities. Buddhist nationalist leaders are enlisting extremist monks to increase their following. According to Mohammed Naseer, the imam of Hillur Mosque in Gintota, Sri Lanka, who experienced an attack by Buddhist mobs in 2017, there has been a noticeable increase in hostility towards Muslims from some Buddhist monks. "Where will we go if this is our home?" A Buddhist monk in Sri Lanka recently conducted a hunger strike, leading to the resignation of all nine Muslim ministers in the Cabinet. The monk accused Muslim politicians of being involved in the Easter Sunday attacks by Islamic State-linked militants, resulting in over 250 deaths. In Myanmar, monks at the Bengala monastery pray, influenced by a group of powerful and charismatic monks who promote a militant tribalism mindset among Buddhists, portraying them as spiritual warriors defending their faith against external threats. In Myanmar, despite the fact that less than 5% of the population is Muslim, Buddhist monks continue to warn of an Islamic invasion amidst a campaign of ethnic cleansing that has driven out most of the country's Muslims. Buddhist mobs attacked Islamic prayer halls during Ramadan celebrations in May, leading to Muslim worshippers fleeing. Inspired by a group of influential monks, Buddhists are now adopting a more militant stance, seeing themselves as spiritual defenders against an external threat. Despite Buddhism's reputation for peace and tranquility, the faith is now being linked with sectarian aggression in Myanmar. However, no single religion exclusively promotes peace. Even Buddhists have been involved in conflicts. According to anthropologist Mikael Gravers from Aarhus University in Denmark, Buddhist monks claim to reject violence, yet also believe in defending Buddhism or Buddhist states by any means necessary. In Myanmar, thousands assembled in Yangon to hear Ashin Wirathu, a Buddhist monk previously imprisoned for his inflammatory language, express support for the country's military. As a result, over 700,000 Rohingya refugees have escaped Myanmar for Bangladesh since August 2017. The army and its allies conducted a campaign of ethnic cleansing, with Buddhist mobs and the country's security forces committing atrocities against Rohingya Muslims, including slaughter, rape, and the destruction of their villages. Ashin Wirathu, who has rejected the peaceful teachings of Buddhism, praised military-linked lawmakers and claimed that only the military can protect the country and religion. He also criticized the International Criminal Court for pursuing a case against Myanmar's military for their persecution of the Rohingya. In a different incident, a Sri Lankan Buddhist paid respect to Sitagu Sayadaw, one of Myanmar's respected Buddhist leaders, in Delgoda, Sri Lanka, on November 18, 2017. Inspired by influential and charismatic monks, Buddhists have transitioned into a phase of aggressive tribalism, positioning themselves as spiritual soldiers tasked with protecting their religion from external threats. During an interview with The New York Times, Ashin Wirathu, a monk, made a bold declaration, stating that he would take up arms if the ICC were to arrive. In a photo taken in Delgoda, Sri Lanka on November 18, 2017, a Sri Lankan Buddhist is seen bowing before Sitagu Sayadaw, one of Myanmar's most esteemed Buddhist leaders. Monks such as Ashin Wirathu are part of the extreme side of Buddhist nationalism, but there are also more respected clerics involved. At 82 years old, the highly influential monk known as Sitagu Sayadaw, or Ashin Nyanissara, is considered Myanmar's most prominent monk. During the Rohingya crisis, he made controversial statements about Muslims and their influence on the United Nations in front of army officers. Sitagu Sayadaw has been seen in photos with the military and has shown his support by providing spiritual soldiers for the national cause. He informed the commander of Myanmar's armed forces that there are more than 400,000 monks in Myanmar and if needed, he could instruct them to take action. According to Khin Mar Mar Kyi, a social anthropologist at the University of Oxford, when a highly respected figure like Sitagu Sayadaw makes a statement, people pay attention, even if it promotes hatred towards a specific group. Following the terrorist attacks in Sri Lanka by Islamic State suicide bombers, Buddhist nationalists in Sri Lanka felt validated in their warnings about the threat posed by Muslim extremists to national security, as stated by Dilanthe Withanage, a senior administrator for Bodu Bala Sena, the largest Buddhist nationalist group in Sri Lanka. Withanage accused the government of having blood on their hands for neglecting the radicalisation of Islam. Following a period of moderate coalition governance, Sri Lanka is once again seeing a rise in a blend of faith and tribalism. Gotabaya Rajapaksa, a former defense chief and front-runner for the upcoming presidential elections, is leading this movement. Rajapaksa has promised to safeguard the country's religion, particularly its Buddhist heritage. He aims to rebuild Sri Lanka's security apparatus, which was established during the lengthy civil war with the ethnic Tamil minority. From 2005 to 2015, Sri Lanka was under the leadership of Mahinda Rajapaksa, the brother of Rajapaksa, who was known for his nationalist views and justification of the brutal end to the civil war by presenting himself as a spiritual savior for the nation. During this time, temples displayed images of the Rajapaksa brothers, money was allocated to radical Buddhist groups that incited sectarian violence resulting in deaths of Muslims, and prime land in Colombo was given to one of the founders of Bodu Bala Sena for a Buddhist cultural center. The national telecom service even added Bodu Bala Sena's theme song to their collection of ringtones. Last year, Galagoda Aththe Gnanasara Thero, the leader of Bodu Bala Sena, was sentenced to six years in prison. However, in late May, he was granted a presidential pardon due to a shift in political circumstances. Over the weekend, he led a gathering of thousands of monks who aim to have a significant impact in the upcoming elections. Prior to his incarceration, Gnanasara Thero emphasized the historical role of Buddhism, stating, "We have been the guardians of Buddhism for 2,500 years," during an interview with The Times. It is our responsibility, like the monks in Myanmar, to defend our peaceful island from Islam. | 2 |
In 2016, Freeport-McMoRan, a mining company based in Arizona, made a deal to sell a site in Congo that plays a significant role in China's control of the global cobalt supply, a crucial material for electric car batteries. Perriello, a high-ranking US diplomat in Africa at the time, raised concerns within the State Department about the deal. Kapanga, the Congolese general manager of the mine, pleaded with the American ambassador in Congo to intervene, warning that it was a mistake that could harm the long-standing relationship between the US and Congo, a major source of cobalt worldwide. Presidents starting with Dwight D Eisenhower had provided significant financial aid and military equipment to the mineral-rich nation, with interventions from Richard Nixon and the State Department under Hillary Clinton to maintain the relationship. Freeport-McMoRan also made substantial investments before selling the mine to a Chinese company. The Chinese acquisition of Tenke Fungurume mine occurred during the Obama administration without interruption, and four years later, during the Trump presidency, China Molybdenum also purchased another impressive cobalt reserve from Freeport-McMoRan. China has a strategic plan to secure Congo's cobalt resources, giving them a significant advantage over the US in the electric car industry. The US failed to protect its investments in Congo, allowing China to take control of the resources. Perriello, who no longer works in government, was aware of the plan to sell Tenke Fungurume in 2016 and believed that American ownership would benefit both the US and the people of Congo. Freeport-McMoRan received positive feedback for its operations in Congo, including providing employment to many locals and investing in schools, health care facilities, and clean water. Perriello discussed keeping the mine under American ownership with Linda Thomas-Greenfield, who was then an assistant secretary of state and is now the UN ambassador. Despite efforts to keep the mine under American control, only Chinese companies submitted serious bids, highlighting the risks of not taking action. "They were able to move swiftly and quicker than anybody else could," stated Kathleen L Quirk, president of Freeport-McMoRan, during an interview. She explained that their quick action allowed them to successfully complete the deal. Freeport-McMoRan had been determined to sell as they had made a costly mistake investing in the oil and gas industry just before oil prices plummeted and the shift to renewable energy began. With mounting debt, the company had no choice but to sell its Congo operations. The American response was essentially indifferent, as the transaction was purely financial. The country lacks oversight over transactions conducted by American companies overseas. The crisis revealed significant blind spots among US leaders, providing an opportunity for the Chinese government to exploit, according to previously undisclosed documents, emails, and interviews with various individuals in China, Congo, and the United States. In the past year, as the transition to clean energy has sped up, the US government and private sector have worked quickly to rectify past errors by seeking new cobalt sources and using cobalt-free batteries in some electric cars. However, these efforts pale in comparison to Chinese attempts to control critical resources like cobalt and lithium needed for a green future. In August 1970, Nixon was seen standing outside the White House with the first lady, engaging in Cold War gamesmanship. President Mobutu Sese Seko of Zaire, now Congo, was preparing for a visit. With his country rich in natural resources, he held significant global influence as a key intermediary for the United States in preventing Soviet Union influence in Africa. Access to Congo's minerals and metals had been a priority for the United States since World War II, with Albert Einstein even urging President Franklin Delano Roosevelt to stockpile Congolese uranium in 1939 for atomic bomb development. During the mid-1960s, the CIA established a large operation in the country, funding mercenaries and Congolese troops to suppress rebels with the assistance of US warplanes. Mobutu, a former army sergeant who later became a corrupt dictator, viewed the Americans as an ideal partner in expanding the country's mining wealth. In pursuit of developing Tenke Fungurume, he approached Maurice Tempelsman, a prominent New York diamond merchant, for mining rights. However, shortly before his trip to Washington in August 1970, Mobutu unexpectedly announced that he had decided to contract a Belgian company to develop the mine, as revealed in declassified cables. Washington entered a state of emergency as it attempted to regain control of the concession, and showed extreme generosity. Herman J Cohen, an American diplomat in Congo during that time, remembered Nixon instructing his administration to give Mobutu anything he desired. Hundreds of millions of dollars in US aid had already been provided to Mobutu, and now Nixon agreed to give him multiple C-130 transport planes. The efforts culminated in a crucial moment at a formal dinner for Mobutu at the White House, according to Cohen. After eating, Tempelsman took Mobutu on a private boat trip on the Potomac. News quickly spread that the Americans had secured the mining rights. Mark Mollison, a mining engineer from New York City, headed to southeastern Congo to visit Tenke Fungurume, which was now a deserted construction site. Mollison was impressed by what he saw. He observed hilltops with bare patches where copper and cobalt were visible. Mollison remembered that the ore was much more valuable than what they were mining in Arizona. In the late 1990s, Mollison was part of a new generation of mining executives who had come to take over from the Tempelsman group, which had abandoned the project after facing obstacles, including rebels who disrupted the transportation of the minerals. Kissinger, the secretary of state, helped draft a message apologizing to the Congolese government for the project's suspension in 1976. Interest in the region was revived years after Mobutu's downfall, when rebel leader Laurent-Désiré Kabila took control of valuable land near Tenke and Fungurume, the towns from which the mine derived its name. This event was seen as a potential new beginning for Congo, attracting Western mining executives and financiers from Wall Street who gathered at a hotel to discuss financial commitments for mining access with Kabila's representatives. A banker's memo summarized Kabila's perspective as "you give and I give." Lundin Group, a Canadian mining company, was so determined to finalize a deal that they agreed to give the rebels $50 million. Mollison's task, upon his arrival several months later, was to assess whether his company, now known as Freeport-McMoRan, should collaborate with Lundin to complete Tempelsman's work at Tenke Fungurume. Freeport-McMoRan later promoted this project as the largest private investment ever in Congo. Mollison pondered, "What will this place require? Electric power." There was a large amount of resources, including roads and water. Freeport-McMoRan obtained a majority stake of 57.75% in the mine, while Lundin acquired 24.75%. Congo's state mining enterprise, Gécamines, retained 17.5%. The project began in full swing by the end of 2007, following another civil war in Congo. Freeport-McMoRan embarked on an extensive construction project, including the building of a highway to facilitate the export of cobalt and copper to other parts of Africa. The company also invested $215 million in refurbishing an old hydroelectric plant. Former employee Pierrot Kitobo Sambisaya, who worked as a metallurgist at the mine for ten years, described the company's efforts as impressive. Freeport-McMoRan successfully developed one of the most advanced and efficient cobalt and copper mines globally. Freeport-McMoRan made a huge mistake by moving into the fossil fuel industry instead of focusing on mining. This decision led to the company accumulating a large amount of debt when oil prices dropped. In 2016, CEO Richard Adkerson announced the sale of Tenke Fungurume, with China Molybdenum being the top bidder at $2.65 billion. The executives at the mine, including Kapanga, the general manager who had previous experience as a Congolese presidential adviser and diplomat, were troubled by the news. Kapanga expressed his concerns to the American ambassador, James Swan, stating that Tenke Fungurume was a valuable asset and questioning why the United States would let go of its largest private investment in Congo. Swan declined to comment when contacted by The New York Times. At that time, American diplomats in Congo were focused on persuading President Joseph Kabila to step down. After his father's assassination in 2001, he took over and spent a significant portion of the next 15 years stealing millions of dollars from the public treasury. The sale of Tenke Fungurume was finalized in November 2016, but it received little attention in the United States except from financial news outlets. President Donald Trump's administration highlighted the importance of challenging China's control over mineral supplies early on, with reports on cobalt and potential supply shortages referencing the Tenke Fungurume sale. However, history repeated itself as Freeport-McMoRan still possessed an undeveloped site with a significant untapped source of cobalt called Kisanfu. Despite announcing its intention to sell the site late last year, there was little to no response from the US government. Nazak Nikakhtar, the former Commerce Department assistant secretary responsible for monitoring critical mineral supplies, expressed disappointment at the lack of attention given to the sale. The site was ultimately sold to China Molybdenum for $550 million shortly before Trump's term ended. The final significant US investment in Congo's cobalt and copper mines disappeared as a result. | 2 |
Police took Disha Ravi from her home in Bengaluru to Delhi for questioning about her involvement in sharing a document during the protests near the Indian capital. A source from the Delhi police stated that Ravi was arrested in connection with a sedition case related to the "toolkit" for supporting farmers. Sedition is punishable by life imprisonment in India. Following a court order to detain Ravi for questioning for five days, there has been criticism on social media and from farm unions. Shashi Tharoor, a member of parliament from the opposition Congress party, described Ravi's arrest as part of India's efforts to suppress free expression and political dissent amid the ongoing farmers' protests. Ravi was not reachable while in custody, and her family was not immediately available for comment. Police have been cracking down on the farmer protests near Delhi, particularly after protesters stormed the Red Fort on India's Republic Day last month. Activists had planned protests against Ravi's detention nationwide, with the hashtag #IndiabeingSilenced trending on Twitter. Ravi is a leader of the Indian branch of Thunberg's Fridays for Future movement. Thunberg had shared a "toolkit" for supporting the farmers, created by those participating in the demonstrations. The demonstrations against agricultural reforms have gained global backing, with singer Rihanna and activist Meena Harris, the niece of US Vice President Kamala Harris, shining a spotlight on the ongoing protests. Meena Harris recently highlighted the arrest of Ravi and shared a Twitter thread discussing the targeting of activists in India. The Indian government argues that the reforms aim to update the country's outdated agricultural markets and accuses special interest groups and foreign entities of misguiding the farmers. | 2 |
The election is the initial major test of popularity for the junta under Prime Minister Prayuth Chan-ocha, who has limited political activity since taking control in a coup in 2014. Polls before the election indicated a slight lead in support of the new constitution, but many voters were undecided. Polling stations closed at 1600 local time (0500 ET), and preliminary results based on 95 percent of the votes are expected around 2100 local time (1000 ET). Supachai Somcharoen, chairman of the Election Commission, stated that voting was conducted in an orderly manner after polls closed. The junta claims the constitution is meant to mend more than ten years of divisive politics in Thailand, which has harmed the economy and resulted in numerous deaths due to civil unrest. Critics, including major political parties, argue that it is intended to solidify the military's influence in politics for the foreseeable future. Prayuth has stated that he will not step down if the constitution is rejected, and that an election will be held next year regardless of the outcome. "I encourage everyone to participate in the voting process to determine the direction of the country," Prayuth said to reporters after voting in northwest Bangkok on Sunday. Approximately 200,000 police officers were deployed for the election. Boonyakiat Rakchartcharoen, deputy secretary-general of the Election Commission, stated that out of the 21 cases of voters tearing ballot papers, some were intentional while others were accidental. Two students in Chaiyaphum were arrested for distributing leaflets urging voters to oppose the referendum. The National Council for Peace and Order (NCPO) prohibited discussions about the constitution and campaigning before the vote, leading to the detention and charging of numerous individuals, including politicians and student activists. Jatuporn Prompan, chairman of the United Front for Democracy Against Dictatorship, criticized the referendum for being held under such restrictive conditions. Jatuporn criticized the Constitution Drafting Committee and NCPO for conducting a referendum in a fearful atmosphere in the kingdom. The vote took place amid concerns about the health of King Bhumibol Adulyadej, 88. For years, the military has used its role as protector of the revered monarch to justify its involvement in politics. Critics argue that the charter is the military's way of trying to eliminate former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra and his populist policies from Thai politics, following the 2006 coup that ousted him. Thaksin, who lives in exile, still wields significant influence, especially among his rural supporters in the north. His sister Yingluck came to power in 2011 with a strong electoral victory, only to be removed from office by Prayuth in the 2014 coup. In January 2015, Yingluck was banned from politics for five years for her involvement in a mismanaged rice scheme. Despite this, she was still able to vote in the recent election and expressed her happiness at being able to exercise her rights as a Thai citizen. Thaksin criticized the new charter, calling it a mistake that would allow the junta to maintain power and hinder Thailand's governance. Interviews with military officials revealed their goal of using the new charter to prevent future coups by weakening political parties and ensuring military oversight of the country's development. According to the constitution, which would be Thailand's 20th since the military ended an absolute monarchy in 1932, a Senate appointed by the junta with seats reserved for military leaders would oversee the powers of elected officials. A farmer named Thongyoon Khaenkhaomeng expressed his desire for the country to improve as he voted in favor of the constitution at a polling station in Khon Kaen. He believed that the constitution would help end Thailand's divisions. Meanwhile, voters lined up at the rebuilt city hall, which was destroyed during political unrest in 2010. Day laborer Decha Shangkamanee stated that he voted against the constitution because he disliked the junta, but he did not think the referendum would have much impact. He stated that he understands that there is no significant change in the way the country is governed today. | 2 |
Kolkata's red-brick secretariat, constructed over 200 years ago for the East India Company, reflects a history of distrust towards foreign merchants. Currently, the building is occupied by Mamata Banerjee, the chief minister of West Bengal, who is seen as a major obstacle to economic reforms that would open up India's consumer markets to 21st-century traders. Banerjee is hailed as a hero by supporters who refer to her as "Didi" or "Big Sister", for ending communist rule in West Bengal and protecting farmers and shopkeepers from the effects of globalisation. They believe she is leading West Bengal towards becoming an economic and cultural powerhouse and India's gateway to Southeast Asia. However, due to a series of unpredictable actions, such as the arrest of a professor for sharing a joke email about her, critics now view her as a potential autocrat. India Today magazine has even labeled her the "Queen of Democrazy." Banerjee's controversial behavior and dissatisfaction with her leadership in West Bengal may lead to a quick end to her popularity with voters. Additionally, she relies on the central government to help resolve West Bengal's debt crisis. These circumstances could give Prime Minister Manmohan Singh an opportunity to outmaneuver her, despite her position as a coalition partner who has opposed much-needed economic reforms. Over the past year, India has experienced a slowdown in its strong economic growth, with significant increases in both its current account and budget deficits. However, the central government's efforts to implement crisis-solving policies have been hindered by coalition allies, particularly Banerjee's Trinamool Congress party. According to Bengali political analyst Amulya Ganguli, Banerjee may be reconsidering her approach and showing signs of willingness to cooperate more responsibly. A less powerful Banerjee could make it simpler for Singh's government, which has been losing popularity due to corruption scandals and high inflation, to implement reform. Despite starting out as a poor teacher's daughter, Banerjee was recognized by Time Magazine as one of the world's 100 most influential people in April. Even though she received praise from Hillary Clinton and discussed potential US investment in Indian ports, Banerjee remained firm in her opposition to foreign supermarkets like Wal-Mart operating in India. She expressed her support for private investment in creating jobs in sectors like tourism and industry, including hospitals, but made it clear that she would always be against policies that result in job losses for farmers and small retailers. Dressed in a white saree, she stated that there are certain limits to her actions, emphasizing that she cannot support measures that lead to unemployment. She also mentioned her opposition to increasing the prices of heavily subsidised fuel and rail fares, which is not good news for Prime Minister Singh, as his inability to control deficits and reverse the economic slowdown has damaged his reputation as the architect of reforms that had previously boosted India's economy. Banerjee, who holds significant political power with her 19 MPs in parliament, emphasized the importance of exploring alternative solutions to combat price hikes that primarily affect the common people. Despite facing financial challenges in her own state government due to high debt inherited from previous leaders, Banerjee is focused on finding ways to develop businesses and secure additional funds. While she embraces modern technology like her iPad, Banerjee also values the frugal principles of Mahatma Gandhi, refusing to accept a government salary or perks like a car and residence. Despite her personal austerity, she has managed to hire around 90,000 new teachers and police officers, even with the state's debts. The cost of this has raised some concerns, but her finance minister, Amit Mitra, has stated that it is relatively low due to the low wages. Mitra, a former head of India's FICCI, mentioned that the state's tax revenue increased by 20 percent last year, mainly due to improved enforcement. Kolkata, previously known as Calcutta, was once a thriving intellectual and industrial capital under British rule, and despite its past glory, it now resembles Cuba's Havana with its faded tropical charm and old-fashioned taxis. Banerjee, who has vowed to revitalize the state to its former glory, expressed her desire to modernize the city similar to London. She has invited companies to contribute, including the construction of a 'Kolkata Eye' to rival London's famous ferris wheel. Despite criticism in the media, projects such as painting bridges and buildings blue and installing ornamental street lights designed by Banerjee herself have been deemed cost-effective by officials. The construction of new flyovers, an airport terminal, and the increasing presence of middle-class apartments and office buildings indicate a shift towards progress. Banerjee, a devotee of Bengali polymath Rabindranath Tagore, is not only a Nobel literature prize winner but also a painter and poet with her own creative talents. Critics highlight a darker aspect of her personality, as she does not seem to tolerate dissent. She recently demonstrated her influence by pressuring the prime minister to dismiss his railway minister, a member of her own party, after he announced a fare increase in parliament. The former minister, Dinesh Trivedi, who was asked to resign after the announcement, stated that the fare hike was necessary for the modernization of the overcrowded and outdated railway network, a significant hindrance to economic growth. In April, chemistry professor Ambikesh Mahapatra, aged 52, forwarded an email mocking Banerjee's handling of Trivedi, leading to his detention by the police on charges of 'cyber crimes'. Prior to this, Mahapatra was confronted and physically assaulted by a group of around 24 individuals. Reflecting on the incident, Mahapatra expressed his surprise at being accused of a crime and mentioned feeling fearful, particularly due to the government's lack of remorse. Mahapatra's approach caused a strong reaction. Banerjee, who was previously hospitalized for several months after being attacked by Communist thugs, was able to defeat the leftists in part by denouncing the culture of political violence in West Bengal. Critics are now questioning if things have truly changed. Dwaipayan Bhattacharyya from the Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, Calcutta, remarked, "White and blue for the bridges, black and blue for the protesters," suggesting that this seems to be Banerjee's current approach. He also added that she does not seem to tolerate any form of dissent. Bhattacharyya stated that the educated middle classes, who previously supported Banerjee for defeating the left, are now feeling alienated due to her behavior. Banerjee, on the other hand, denied being autocratic and claimed that the campaign against her was orchestrated by the communists she had removed from power. She also argued that violence has decreased significantly since she took office. Anand Sharma, who had faced obstacles in achieving his goal of opening up India's retail sector, may see a change in his fortunes. A senior government adviser, speaking anonymously, remarked that Banerjee's reputation as a dragon slayer is diminishing with the recent arrest of a scientist. "Maybe that allows Anand a bit more space, we'll find out." | 2 |
Experts said that the death of Cuban political prisoner Orlando Zapata Tamayo this week, following an 85-day hunger strike, has likely dashed hopes for any immediate improvement in US-Cuba relations. His protest against prison conditions, along with the recent arrest of an American contractor in Cuba, has further strained relations and made it more difficult for diplomatic and legislative efforts to enhance ties with the island. Marifeli Perez-Stable, a Cuba analyst at Florida International University, stated that progress in US-Cuba relations is now uncertain. Zapata's death has led to strong reactions in Washington, with critics of communist Cuba emphasizing that the US should not ease the trade embargo against the island. Republican Representative Ileana Ros-Lehtinen of Florida urged a renewed commitment to ensuring that Cuba moves away from the ideology that led to Zapata's death. Zapata's death poses a challenge for those who support improving relations with Cuba, as it undermines their argument that closer engagement with the island is the best way to bring about change. On the same day as Zapata's death, new legislation was introduced that would lift the ban on US travel to Cuba and facilitate food exports to the island. Democratic Representative Jim McGovern of Massachusetts emphasized the importance of being closer to the Cuban people in order to support them effectively, stating that free travel to the island allows for mutual learning and understanding. McGovern also condemned Zapata's death, criticizing the Cuban government for not preventing it. Spain, currently leading the European Union, is dealing with a similar issue as it seeks to remove a clause from the EU's common position on Cuba that calls for democracy and increased respect for human rights on the island. The government of Cuba believes this clause hinders full normal relations with the 27-nation bloc. In response to pressure from Spanish media, Prime Minister Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero expressed sorrow over the death of Zapata and called for the release of political prisoners and the respect of human rights in Cuba, stating that this is a crucial demand of the global community. Perez-Stable stated that Zapata's death would likely be the final blow to Spain's attempts to improve EU-Cuba relations. She mentioned that Havana should not expect the EU to lift the common position. Observers of Cuba stated that the death of the dissident was a setback for the Cuban government's diplomatic efforts to pressure the United States to end the embargo. The small dissident community in Cuba promised to increase their demands for democratic change on the island, in order to honor Zapata's memory. Additionally, five dissidents, including four currently imprisoned, announced hunger strikes on Friday to push the government to release political prisoners. Leading dissident Oswaldo Paya expressed that the recent death has had a profound impact on everyone. He stated that this event marks a significant turning point, emphasizing that they will not resort to violence. However, Paya warned that the government's actions are sending a concerning message to the Cuban people. | 2 |
According to sources familiar with his thinking, Bloomberg has informed friends and associates that he is prepared to spend at least $1 billion of his own money on a campaign for the November 2016 election. The former mayor, aged 73, is considering entering the race by early March after conducting a poll in December to assess his chances against Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton. Although no independent candidate has ever won a US presidential election, Bloomberg, known for his ties to Wall Street and liberal social views, believes he could have a shot if the Republicans nominate Trump or Cruz and the Democrats nominate Sanders. Bloomberg, who served as mayor of New York City from 2002 to 2013, has long toyed with the idea of running for president. In 2007, he changed his party affiliation from Republican to independent and has since spent millions on national campaigns to strengthen US gun laws and improve immigration policies. According to a Bloomberg adviser, the former mayor believes voters are seeking a non-ideological, bipartisan, results-driven vision that has been lacking in the 2016 election. A potential well-funded presidential bid by Bloomberg could shake up the election dynamics, although he would face challenges in a race that has been ongoing for almost a year. While no third-party candidate has ever won the presidency, previous attempts have influenced the outcome of the election, such as Ross Perot's independent run in 1992. According to the Times, Bloomberg's decision to run for president is partly due to his frustration with Clinton's campaign. Clinton has faced scrutiny over her honesty due to an investigation into her use of a private email server while serving as secretary of state. Sanders, who is Clinton's main competitor, has seen a rise in popularity in early voting states such as Iowa and New Hampshire. This has caused Bloomberg to become concerned about a potential general election matchup between Sanders, a self-proclaimed socialist, and either Trump or Cruz, who have taken strong conservative stances on issues like immigration. Bloomberg's representatives were not available for immediate comment. | 2 |
"We are moving too quickly," stated Jean-Pierre Door, a conservative lawmaker who represents frustrated constituents. The town of Montargis was at the center of the Yellow Vest protests three years ago, sparked by a rise in gasoline taxes. This movement, fueled by a broader sense of alienation among those in rural areas, highlighted the class disparity between working-class individuals threatened by the shift to clean energy and the urban elites who can easily adapt. As global climate talks take place in Glasgow, the economic and political divisions that led to the protests in France still linger. While some in rural areas recognize the importance of transitioning to clean energy, the immediate concern remains financial struggles rather than environmental ones. Household gas prices have increased by 12.6% in the last month due in part to shortages related to the coronavirus. People who were previously encouraged to buy fuel-efficient diesel cars now find electric cars to be unaffordably expensive. Additionally, retired couples living near a wind turbine fear that it will decrease property values. Some residents, like Magali Cannault, question why Parisians don't install wind turbines in parks instead. President Emmanuel Macron, who is up for reelection in April, is facing challenges in transitioning to clean energy. He has depicted himself as an environmentally conscious fighter, though practical, and understands that going back to the protests of the Yellow Vests would harm his chances in the election. Every morning, Cannault looks out at a tall mast near her farm, which was recently constructed to measure wind levels for potential turbines, without any input from local residents. The only sounds on a foggy morning were the geese honking and roosters crowing as she expressed her concerns. The mayor of the neighboring village of Griselles, Claude Madec-Cleï, agreed, stating "We are not consulted." President Macron is actively seeking support from the Green party as the election approaches. He is trying to gain support from a wide range of groups to prevent a revival of the Yellow Vests movement. The government has implemented measures such as freezing household gas prices and providing financial assistance to those most in need, including an "energy check" and an "inflation indemnity." These measures are in response to the impact of rising gasoline prices. Sophie Tissier, the organizer of a Yellow Vest protest in Paris in 2019, expressed difficulty in restarting the movement due to a heavy police response, despite a significant social crisis and widespread anger. She highlighted the extreme inequalities in France as a barrier to making an ecological transition. The president is promoting a realistic approach to energy proposals, which include a mix of small-reactor nuclear power and renewable sources like wind power. The Green movement advocates for phasing out nuclear power, while Marine Le Pen calls for dismantling wind turbines. Meanwhile, many French citizens, torn between environmental concerns and immediate needs, are struggling to adapt. For example, Christine Gobet commutes 90 miles a day in her small diesel car to work at an Amazon warehouse, where she earns about $1,600 a month. While sitting in her car outside a garage after spending $3,000 to replace her diesel engine, she scoffed at the idea of switching to an electric car. She believed that electric cars were not a feasible option for people like her. She expressed frustration at the rising costs of everything, including the possibility of more expensive baguettes. She mentioned how people were previously encouraged to switch to diesel for being less polluting, but now the narrative has changed. She participated in Yellow Vest protests in Montargis at the beginning of the movement. She was not only driven by financial difficulties but also by a feeling of being ignored, with decisions being made by elites while ordinary people face the consequences. She left the movement when it turned violent. At a roundabout in Montargis called the "peanut roundabout," there were protests that disrupted traffic and caused shortages in stores for two months. She believes little has changed since then. In Paris, she believes they have everything, while the mayor Anne Hidalgo, a socialist candidate for the presidency, wants to ban cars in the city and disregards people from rural areas who come to work there. For working-class individuals like Gobet, calls to stop using fossil fuels and close nuclear power stations in places like Glasgow seem disconnected from their daily lives. At the age of 58, she represents a divide between generations. The younger generation, led by Greta Thunberg, believes that there is no greater priority than saving the planet. On the other side are older individuals who are concerned about the impact of environmental measures on their quality of life and financial investments. In the Montargis area, many retirees and immigrants reside, seeking proximity to Paris without the high costs. Taxi driver Gilles Fauvin, who drives a diesel Peugeot, shares a garage with Gobet and primarily transports clients with medical needs to hospitals in Orléans and Paris. The potential ban on diesel cars in the capital by 2024, along with the push to switch to costly electric vehicles, could have a negative impact on him. Despite acknowledging the pollutants produced by diesel cars, he believes they work well for him. The main concern for Yoann Fauvin, who owns the garage and is the taxi driver's cousin, is whether electric cars are truly a more sustainable option. He raises issues such as mining metals for batteries in countries like China or Chile, the carbon costs of transportation, and the recycling of batteries. A vintage green 1977 Citroen 2CV and a diesel Citroen DS4 were being worked on in front of him. He mentioned that the business relies heavily on diesel, as many wealthy people in the area opt for electric cars without understanding the local energy situation. Magalie Pasquet, a homemaker leading a local anti-wind power group called Aire 45, explained that her opposition to new turbines in the area is not about disregarding environmental issues, as she is an avid recycler. She is cautious when it comes to traveling and environmentally conscious. She composts and chooses to wear two sweaters instead of turning up the heat. She finds the environmental idealism of young people inspiring, but she believes that the world has prioritized things in the wrong order. "Why are we destroying a beautiful landscape that attracts people to this area when the real issue is excessive consumption?" she inquired. "Local residents are not being consulted, and even mayors are powerless to prevent the installation of these unsightly turbines." A colleague, Philippe Jacob, a management and marketing professor involved in the anti-turbine movement, stated that the Yellow Vest movement arose from increasing gas prices, declining purchasing power, deteriorating public services, and widespread dissatisfaction with top-down decision-making. "The same issues persist today, and the situation is becoming increasingly perilous," he remarked. "Residents have invested their life savings here, yet their concerns about the negative impact of planned turbines and biogas plants on the region are being ignored." | 2 |
Some scientists have discovered that the Pacific gray whale population, which was believed to have fully recovered from whaling, is actually only a small fraction of what it used to be. By examining genetic variation within the species, researchers found that before large-scale hunting in the 19th century, there were around 96,000 gray whales in the Pacific Ocean, compared to the current count of 22,000. This means that the current population is only 19 to 29 percent of what it used to be. The gray whale, a large baleen whale that feeds on small sea creatures, has been swimming the world's oceans for around 20 million years. Despite being one of the few baleen whale populations to recover completely from whaling, recent genetic surveys show a higher level of diversity than expected, suggesting that there were once many more gray whales in the Pacific Ocean. Once hunted to near extinction, the gray whale population reached a low point of possibly only a few thousand in the late 19th century and 1920s. The gray whale was once present in the Atlantic Ocean but disappeared centuries ago, possibly due to whaling. Found along North America's Pacific Coast, these whales migrate between arctic seas and Mexico's Baja California lagoons. Named for their gray patches and white mottling on dark skin, they can reach lengths of about 46 feet (14 meters) and weigh up to 40 tonnes. Gray whales feed by scooping up mud and consuming small crustaceans and tube worms found in sediments on the sea bottom. The International Whaling Commission granted the gray whale partial protection in 1937 and full protection in 1947, according to the American Cetacean Society. While once heavily hunted, gray whales are now a popular attraction for whale watchers along the Pacific coast of North America. Despite this protection, the whales are still sometimes targeted by hunters. Recently, five American Indian hunters from Washington state may face charges from their Makah tribe for illegally hunting and killing a gray whale using harpoons and a rifle typically used for hunting elephants. Scientists have observed a number of gray whales in recent years suffering from starvation. The researchers stated that the whales are finding less food in their Arctic feeding grounds because of changing climate conditions. They believe that not only the gray whales, but also other animals are being affected by this decrease in whale numbers. One of the researchers, Steve Palumbi from Stanford University, mentioned that Arctic seabirds rely on the creatures unearthed by the whales while they feed on the ocean floor. Palumbi estimated that if there were 96,000 gray whales present, they could have provided enough food to sustain over a million seabirds each year. | 2 |
Burundi is scheduled to have a referendum on May 17 to determine whether to change the constitution to increase presidential terms from five to seven years. Human rights organizations believe that the vote will not be conducted under fair conditions, as there have been sporadic reports of violence and kidnappings. Emmanuel Bigirimana, the leader of Buganda district, reported an incident in the village of Ruhagarika on Friday night, where armed individuals arrived and began shooting, resulting in fatalities and injuries. Approximately 20 attackers, most of whom were dressed in military attire, were involved in the violence in Burundi in April 2015. The crisis was sparked when President Pierre Nkurunziza announced his intention to seek a third term, which was deemed unconstitutional by the opposition. This violated a peace agreement that had ended the civil war in 2005. Despite Nkurunziza's re-election, some of his opponents resorted to armed resistance. Rights organizations estimate that around 400,000 individuals have fled to neighboring countries to escape the conflict. Both government officials and members of the opposition have been victims of retaliatory violence from opposing factions. The proposed constitutional changes would restrict the president to serving two consecutive terms, potentially allowing Nkurunziza to extend his rule until 2034. Some residents in the village, who chose to remain anonymous, believe that a recent attack was a warning against supporting the changes. However, Bigirimana disagreed, stating that the attackers were not politically driven as they targeted three households and only killed women and children. He claimed that the attack was a personal vendetta rather than politically motivated. | 2 |
The pressures, hopes, and aspirations were weighing heavily on Harris at the Democratic convention as she attempted to introduce herself to a nation and party that know very little about her. If she and Biden win in November, she will continue to carry this burden for the next four years. It is rare for a vice-presidential candidate to serve under a presidential nominee who may not seek a second term, so Harris is facing high expectations from her party to demonstrate strong leadership. Tim Kaine, the Virginia senator who ran as the vice-presidential candidate for Hillary Clinton in 2016, acknowledged the significant weight placed on Harris' shoulders. In the constantly changing Democratic Party, he mentioned that Joe Biden could not have chosen a vice president that would please everyone. He acknowledged that it would be impossible for everyone in the party to be completely satisfied with the choice. Despite this, he expressed excitement about Kamala Harris. The first two days of the convention focused on presenting a united front of moderates, progressives, Republicans, and democratic socialists, while trying to downplay any disagreements within the party. The Democrats showcased diversity in race, gender, and age, while ultimately nominating an older white man from Delaware as their presidential candidate. Although they gave some speaking time to liberals, there was little emphasis on policy goals like "Medicare for All." Currently, the party's main priority is defeating President Donald Trump, above all else. If the Democrats are successful, Trump will no longer be in power, and Kamala Harris will face the difficult task of uniting the diverse factions within the Democratic Party. As the potential bridge to future generations and the face of the party's evolution, Harris will be under scrutiny for her campaigning skills, ability to engage with Trump, debate Mike Pence, and energize voter turnout, especially among younger and progressive demographics. Additionally, as a woman of color running for a historically white male-held office, Harris may also face judgment based on lingering biases in some parts of the country. Harris has addressed this issue directly to her Democratic supporters and will likely need to continue doing so in the coming months. A president who can unite people of all races and backgrounds to achieve a shared vision for the future is needed, and Joe Biden is the one we must elect, according to a recent statement. The speaker, who is now facing significant challenges as she enters a critical point in her career and her party, must navigate a changing political landscape that is shifting towards the left. With Biden's age raising questions about his ability to serve a full term, can Kamala Harris, a former prosecutor and moderate Democrat, be ready to take on the role of President if necessary? In her recent speech, Harris discussed the impact of the pandemic and criticized a president who uses tragedies for political gain. She also highlighted the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on minority communities due to systemic racism and made a direct appeal to those who have protested against police brutality, stating that racism cannot be eradicated like a disease. Additionally, she mentioned victims of police violence such as George Floyd and Breonna Taylor. However, she also dedicated a significant amount of time emphasizing the importance of family and friendships, as well as discussing her background as a prosecutor advocating for people and victims. She confidently stated, "I know a predator when I see one." Her nomination as the first Black woman and person of Indian descent to potentially serve as vice president was met with great enthusiasm and highlighted the significance of this historic choice, despite the virtual nature of the convention. Following a primary dominated by elderly white candidates, her selection as a 55-year-old woman of color signifies that the Democratic Party is beginning to reflect the changing demographics of the country. Her strong debating skills and articulate speaking abilities were evident during both her presidential campaign and her role on the Judiciary Committee questioning Attorney General William Barr. It is widely believed among Democrats that she will continue the tradition of vice-presidential candidates criticizing the opposing party. She claimed that Donald Trump's lack of leadership has had a negative impact on both lives and jobs, causing chaos, fear, and isolation. Running a campaign in California is challenging, but running on a national stage in a polarized nation like the United States, especially in the current political climate, is even tougher. Kamala Harris has faced competitive races in California, but her presidential campaign failed early due to internal conflicts and a lack of a clear message. Patti Solis Doyle, who managed Hillary Clinton's 2008 presidential campaign, believes Harris generated enthusiasm for the presidential race, as shown by the $48 million raised in 48 hours after her announcement. Harris, the daughter of immigrants from India and Jamaica, is seen as a historic candidate who could appeal to younger voters seeking change, while older voters may be drawn to Joe Biden's centrist views and promises to restore stability to government. "There is a portion of the Democratic electorate, particularly older voters, who value competence, character, and traditional virtues in a presidential candidate," he explained. "However, they also desire excitement and energy, qualities which Kamala Harris possesses." However, Harris faces a significant challenge in how she navigates the increasing influence of the left-wing of the Democratic party. Biden's primary victory was largely due to his support from Black voters, older voters, and white suburbanites, while younger and more progressive voters were skeptical of his centrist approach and willingness to work with Republicans. Harris, being from California, is more aligned with the left-wing of the party than Biden, but her selection did not alleviate concerns from many liberal Democrats, particularly regarding her past record on policing issues." Waleed Shahid, a spokesperson for Justice Democrats, stated that while the party establishment supports Harris as their candidate, the party's base, particularly the younger Democrats, do not. Progressive leader Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez did not mention Biden or Harris while nominating Sen. Bernie Sanders, showing dissent within the party. This dissent has been overshadowed during the convention due to the party's focus on defeating Trump, but may resurface if Democrats win. Harris will need to address this divide to avoid a primary challenge from the left in the future. Varshini Prakash, the executive director of the Sunrise Movement, a youth-led group of climate activists, expressed that Kamala Harris' nomination was a significant moment that brought excitement to Democrats of all ages and beliefs. Prakash believes that Harris could be a representation of the direction in which the Democratic Party is heading, but also acknowledges the party's diverse ideologies that extend beyond the Harris ticket. Harris, on the other hand, appears confident as she looks to follow the paths of President Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton. Despite her national recognition and support within the party, Harris is aware that challenges lie ahead if she is elected. Kamala Harris had her moment in 2020 when she addressed Democrats with a message of unity and hope for the future during the pandemic, positioning herself as a new leader of the party in a time of uncertainty. | 2 |
Hours after the military council attempted to calm public anger by promising a new civilian government, Defence Minister Awad Ibn Auf announced his resignation as head of the council in a televised speech. Lieutenant General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan Abdelrahman will now lead the council, according to Ibn Auf. He also announced that Chief of Staff Kamal Abdelmarouf al-Mahi was removed from his position as deputy head of the transitional military council. Ibn Auf emphasized the importance of maintaining the cohesion of the security system and armed forces, and expressed hope for a path of change. The news of these changes led to jubilant celebrations in the streets of Khartoum, with people chanting, "The second has fallen!" in reference to Bashir, witnesses reported. Rashid Saeed, a spokesperson for the Sudanese Professionals Association (SPA), stated that recent events are a positive development and a nod to the will of the people. He emphasized the group's commitment to their demands and urged the public to continue protesting until all demands are met. The military council has proposed a two-year transition period before elections, with the possibility of a shorter timeline if stability can be maintained. The council has also expressed willingness to engage in dialogue with political groups. The announcement of a future civilian government is seen as an attempt to reassure demonstrators who have been calling for significant change following the ouster of former president Bashir. In defiance of Ibn Auf's military council, thousands of protesters remained outside the defence ministry compound and in other parts of the capital despite a night time curfew imposed by Ibn Auf. The SPA criticized the military council, stating that it was unable to bring about change and reiterated their demand for power to be handed over to a transitional civilian government. Bashir, who came to power in a 1989 military coup, had faced weeks of demonstrations due to food costs, unemployment, and repression during his rule. Worshippers gathered for Friday prayers near the Defence Ministry, responding to the SPA's call to challenge the military council. By the afternoon, the crowd had grown to hundreds of thousands, with soldiers guarding the ministry. A Sudanese police spokesman announced on Saturday that at least 16 people were killed and 20 injured by stray bullets during protests and sit-ins on Thursday and Friday. Government buildings and private property were also targeted, according to spokesman Hashem Ali. He called on citizens to help maintain safety and public order. Abdelhamid Ahmed, a 24-year-old doctor, expressed opposition to the current military council, citing their ties to former president Bashir's regime. Ibn Auf, a member of the council, previously served as Bashir's vice president and defence minister and was sanctioned by the US for his alleged involvement in atrocities during the Darfur conflict that started in 2003. Bashir's removal was announced on Thursday along with the formation of a military council by Ibn Auf, who also declared a state of emergency, a nationwide ceasefire, and the suspension of the constitution. Additionally, a night time curfew from 10 p.m. to 4 a.m. was imposed, which was criticized as heavy-handed by rights groups. Abdel Fattah Abdelrahman, the third most senior general in the Sudanese armed forces, was the head of Sudan's ground forces and had a role in the Saudi-led Yemen war. Sudan's deputy UN ambassador, Yasir Abdalla Abdelsalam Ahmed, emphasized the importance of an inclusive political process in the country, stating that all parties, including armed groups, should be involved. He also urged the international community to support a peaceful transition, noting that democracy in Sudan would take time. The 15-member council met in private on Friday to receive updates on the situation in Sudan. The Sudanese envoy mentioned that the suspension of the constitution could be lifted and the transitional period shortened based on developments and agreements. The US and UK expressed support for a swift democratic transition, while China stated its intention to cooperate with Sudan regardless of the political climate. Zain al-Abideen assured that the military council would not meddle in civilian governance. He mentioned that the transitional military council would have control over the defence and interior ministries. Burhan, the new leader of the council, previously served as the inspector general of the Sudanese armed forces and was the third highest-ranking general. He is not well-known in public life but he did lead Sudan's ground forces and supervised troops in the Yemen war. Additionally, he has strong connections with senior Gulf military officials due to his role in coordinating Sudan's military participation in the conflict. Zain al-Abideen stated that the military council does not have the answers to Sudan's crisis and believes they will come from the protesters. He emphasized that they are not seeking power and will not force anything on the people, but rather aim to facilitate a peaceful dialogue. The council planned to meet with political entities on Friday to prepare for dialogue, but this meeting was postponed. The council explained that Bashir's National Congress Party was not invited to participate in the dialogue due to their responsibility for recent events. Protesters were warned that the army would not tolerate any unrest. Ibn Auf stated that Bashir was being held in a secure location, with sources indicating he was under heavy guard at the presidential residence. The council announced that Bashir would not be extradited, despite being indicted by the International Criminal Court for genocide in Darfur. The conflict in Darfur began in 2003 and resulted in the deaths of approximately 300,000 people. Bashir has denied these accusations. | 2 |
"We will never give up America's independence to a global bureaucracy that is not elected or accountable," stated Trump, using language that resonates with his political supporters. "Americans govern America. We oppose globalism and support patriotism." Trump's 35-minute speech was mostly met with silence from world leaders who are still uneasy with his isolationist views that have strained US relationships with longtime allies. Despite his calm delivery, his speech strongly reiterated his "America First" policies. He disrupted the world order by pulling the United States out of the Iran nuclear deal and the Paris climate accord, and warned NATO nations about not paying enough for defense. He stated that foreign aid will only be given to countries that are friendly and respectful, and that other nations should pay their fair share for defense costs. Trump criticized China's trade practices but did not mention Russia's involvement in Syria or suspected meddling in US elections. Macron offered a different perspective, warning that protectionism and isolationism would only increase tensions. He defended the importance of multilateralism and collective action, cautioning that nationalism could lead to failure and the return of global wars if countries abandoned basic principles. Macron expressed his refusal to see multilateralism weakened and warned against unraveling history, emphasizing the impact on future generations. Trump focused his comments on Iran, criticizing its leadership as a "corrupt dictatorship" with nuclear ambitions and involvement in destabilizing activities in the Middle East. Trump accused Iran's leaders of causing chaos, death, and destruction. Macron pointed out that they do not show respect for their neighbors, borders, or the sovereign rights of nations. He used the example of Iran to illustrate how Trump's call for isolation could result in conflicts. Trump, known for boasting about his economic achievements, made similar claims in front of world leaders and diplomats, leading to some laughter and murmuring in the crowd, which caught him off guard. He responded by saying, "I didn't anticipate that reaction, but it's fine." Trump announced on Twitter that he would not be meeting with Iranian President Hassan Rouhani while they were both in New York. He stated that he would continue to apply economic pressure on Tehran in hopes of prompting a change in their behavior. Rouhani is scheduled to speak to leaders later in the day. Trump withdrew the US from the 2015 nuclear deal with Iran in May and tensions between the two countries have escalated since then. The agreement was made under former President Barack Obama. Trump announced that additional sanctions will resume on November 5th and more will follow, with efforts being made to work with countries that import Iranian oil to reduce their purchases. The United States plans to create a regional strategic alliance between Gulf nations, Jordan, and Egypt to counter Iran. Trump compared US relations with Iran to the improved ties he has with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, whom he met in Singapore in June. Trump praised Kim for halting nuclear and missile tests, releasing American prisoners, and returning remains of US soldiers from the Korean War. The two leaders are currently in talks to plan a second summit and are communicating privately. Trump has stated that sanctions on North Korea will continue for the time being. Trump has criticized OPEC members for increasing oil prices and urged them to fund their own military defense. He warned that US aid will only be given to countries that are supportive of the United States. In response, a diplomat from the Gulf region stated that they have been contributing their fair share to burden sharing. Crude oil prices surged to a four-year high due to upcoming US sanctions on Iranian crude exports and OPEC and Russia's reluctance to boost output. Trump's focus was on Iran, trying to create division between its leaders and citizens following a recent attack in the country. Trump mentioned he would only meet with Iranians if they changed their approach, but left open the possibility of improved relations in the future. Iran's UN mission spokesperson stated that Iran has not sought a meeting with Trump. Some individuals with knowledge of the situation in Iran have stated that any discussions between Rouhani and Trump would essentially terminate the current nuclear agreement, which was also agreed upon by France, Britain, Germany, Russia, China, and the European Union. | 2 |
The Dec 7 proposal titled "Donald J. Trump statement on Preventing Muslim Immigration," which called for a "total and complete shutdown of Muslims entering the United States," disappeared by Thursday. Also missing were Trump's list of potential Supreme Court justice picks, as well as details of his economic, defense, and regulatory reform plans. The Trump campaign did not respond to requests for comment on the website changes. The links now lead to a campaign fundraising page and were removed around Election Day, when Trump defeated Hillary Clinton. Saudi Prince Al-Waleed bin Talal praised Trump for removing the Muslim ban proposal from his website and deleting offensive statements about Muslims from his Twitter account. Despite this, some tweets attacking Muslims that Trump sent during his presidential campaign remained in his feed, including one from March 22. A supporter's tweet that Trump quoted claimed that Muslims celebrated the attacks on Sept 11, 2001, and suggested including footage of the celebrations in political ads. Samer Khalaf, president of the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee, expressed concerns about Trump's policies at a news conference with other civil rights leaders. Khalaf thanked Trump for removing the Muslim ban proposal but emphasized that actions speak louder than words. Despite some deletions, most of Trump's core policy positions, including building a wall on the border with Mexico, remained on his website. The Trump campaign has a history of making unexplained changes to its website, including replacing the section on Trump's healthcare policy this year. After being contacted by Reuters in September, the campaign restored the original page. | 2 |
Officials have announced that Southern African leaders will convene an urgent meeting in Mbabane, the capital of Swaziland, to address the crisis in Zimbabwe. The meeting comes after Zimbabwean opposition leader Morgan Tsvangirai called on the United Nations to isolate President Robert Mugabe and deploy a peacekeeping force in the country. Despite the U.N. Security Council's recent condemnation of violence against the opposition and declaration that a free and fair presidential election on Friday was not possible, Mugabe remains defiant. The meeting in Mbabane has been organized by the Southern African Development Community (SADC) in response to growing international pressure for Mugabe to address the political and economic issues in Zimbabwe. The meeting will be attended by the leaders of Tanzania, Angola, and Swaziland in their capacity as the SADC's troika on politics, defense, and security. The statement mentioned that President Levy Mwanawasa of Zambia and President Thabo Mbeki of South Africa, who is the SADC mediator for Zimbabwe, have been invited to attend the meeting. The focus of the meeting will be on how the SADC and its troika on politics, defense, and security can assist Zimbabwe in resolving its current conflict. Tsvangirai, who has sought refuge in the Dutch embassy in Harare after withdrawing from the election, expressed concern that Zimbabwe would face further turmoil without international intervention. He called for the UN to take stronger action against Mugabe, including actively isolating him and providing protection for the people. Tsvangirai stated that while they do not desire armed conflict, the people of Zimbabwe require global leaders to show support for their words of disapproval with the backing of military force. This force would act as peacekeepers, separating the people from their oppressors and protecting the democratic process that Zimbabwe longs for. The pressure on Mugabe has increased from both within and outside Africa due to Zimbabwe's political and economic crisis, attributed by the West and the opposition to the 84-year-old president who has been in power for 28 years. The United States has called on SADC to denounce both the election and Mugabe's government as illegitimate. Angola's state-owned ANGOP news agency reported SADC executive secretary Tomaz Salomao's statement that foreign ministers agreed at a meeting on Monday that there was a "climate of extreme violence" in Zimbabwe and the government needed to protect the people. The planned run-off election on Friday was supposed to be between Mugabe and Tsvangirai, who had won the first round in March but didn't achieve an outright victory. Tsvangirai's Movement for Democratic Change also won a parallel parliamentary election in March, marking the first defeat for Mugabe's ZANU-PF party since independence in 1980. Following Tsvangirai's withdrawal, both Senegalese President Abdoulaye Wade and the leader of South Africa's ruling African National Congress called for a postponement of Friday's election. Zuma, who is considered one of the most powerful figures in South Africa, has requested immediate intervention from the United Nations and SADC, stating that the situation in Zimbabwe is spiraling out of control. While Mbeki's administration has favored a policy of "quiet diplomacy" with Mugabe and resisted using economic leverage over Zimbabwe, Zuma, who took over as ANC leader from Mbeki in December, has been more vocal in his criticism of Mugabe. Despite pressure from the West, Mugabe remains defiant and has insisted that the upcoming election will proceed as planned. Elections will continue as planned, according to Mugabe. He stated that those who wish to acknowledge their legitimacy are free to do so, while those who do not are not obligated to. Mugabe has overseen a decline into economic turmoil, with staggering statistics such as 80 percent unemployment and inflation rates exceeding 165,000 percent. He attributes his country's economic struggles to Western sanctions. | 2 |
However, following the tragic massacre in El Paso, Texas by a white supremacist gunman, the political arena is heading towards a more intense and potentially chaotic battle against racist extremism. Not only is the gun lobby under scrutiny, but so are social media platforms like 8chan which have become breeding grounds for dangerous ideologies that have spilled over into real life with deadly consequences. President Donald Trump is facing heightened criticism for the similarities between his rhetoric and the shooter's anti-immigrant manifesto. Despite Trump's attempts to deflect criticism through tweets and a statement condemning white supremacy, the pressure on him to take responsibility and implement stricter gun laws continues to mount. There was a significant moment on Monday when former President Barack Obama released a statement, rare since leaving office, in which he called for gun control and a national rejection of racism and those who promote it. Obama emphasized the need to reject leaders who use fear and hatred in their language, demonize those who are different, or suggest that certain groups threaten our way of life. Although Obama did not mention any leaders by name, Democratic presidential candidates were quick to blame Trump for enabling extremists. Joe Biden, the current front-runner, accused Trump of encouraging white supremacy and dividing the country. Other political leaders also expressed their distress and alarm at the current situation. Michael Bloomberg, the former mayor of New York City who has been a strong supporter of gun control, expressed in a column that recent tragic events involving guns should bring about a change in the political discussion on the issue. He criticized President Trump's response as being evasive. Democratic presidential candidates united in their criticism of Trump, with Sen. Elizabeth Warren holding him accountable for promoting dangerous ideologies, and Sen. Cory Booker dismissing Trump's words as ineffective. Booker plans to address gun violence in a speech at a church in Charleston where a mass shooting took place in 2015. The issue of gun violence and racism is becoming increasingly important in various elections, with candidates like Mike Johnston in Colorado blaming Trump for creating a culture that encourages white nationalists. In the upcoming 2020 elections, candidates will need to take a clear stance on these issues. Johnston stated in an interview that people must choose between supporting white nationalists with AR-15s or the millions of Americans who fear them. Trump mentioned he was willing to consider bipartisan solutions to address gun violence, attributing the spread of harmful ideologies to the internet and social media. He expressed doubt about the effectiveness of gun restrictions, emphasizing his belief that mental illness and hatred, not guns, are responsible for violence. Trump's campaign defended the president against criticism, accusing Democrats of politicizing a time of national mourning and highlighting Trump's condemnation of racism and calls for measures to prevent future attacks. The campaign also pointed out that Bernie Sanders was not blamed when one of his supporters attempted to harm Republican lawmakers in 2017. He stated that the responsibility for such terrible attacks ultimately lies with those who carry them out. Many believe that Trump and his supporters are refusing to accept blame for the increase in extremist violence, as they have not fully distanced themselves from white supremacist groups. A survey conducted by the Pew Research Centre in March revealed that a majority of Americans, 56 percent, feel that Trump has not done enough to distance himself from white nationalist groups. Even some Republicans and Trump supporters agree with this sentiment. It is not just liberals who view the mass shootings in El Paso and Dayton as a crisis and a test for Trump. The conservative National Review published an editorial urging Americans and the government to address the resurgence of white supremacy in the same way they have tackled Islamic terrorism. The magazine called on Trump to condemn these actions clearly and repeatedly. Frank Keating, a former Republican governor of Oklahoma who led his state through the 1995 bombing of the Alfred P Murrah Federal Building, believes that the current moment requires both new gun restrictions and a new approach from the White House. He advised Trump to be cautious with his words to prevent spreading fear or provoking anger. Keating emphasized the importance of the president's role in being a moral leader, suggesting that he must condemn such acts and ensure they do not happen again. The impact of the El Paso shooting on national politics was uncertain, drawing parallels to the Oklahoma City bombing in the 1990s. Following that tragedy, President Bill Clinton delivered a powerful speech criticizing extreme right voices in America, which helped boost his image as a strong leader after a rocky start to his presidency. Trump has not shown any interest in taking on the role of a moral leader or reflecting on his use of divisive politics. After the white supremacist march in Charlottesville in 2017, Trump controversially stated that there were "very fine people on both sides" of the conflict. Recently, he has continued to attack minority groups without remorse, including Democratic members of Congress. Although many Republican lawmakers have not publicly criticized Trump after the recent shootings, there are private concerns within the party about the impact of his behavior on the 2020 elections. During the midterm elections last year, Trump focused on illegal immigration in his campaign, which ultimately led to a significant rejection of his party in cities and suburbs across the country. The final weeks of the 2018 elections were marked by two traumatic events that may have reinforced voters' concerns about the president's violent language and appeals to racism: a failed bombing attempt by a Trump supporter and a mass shooting at a synagogue in Pittsburgh. Despite expressing sorrow over the Pittsburgh massacre, Trump continued his divisive messaging on the campaign trail. His rural and white political base remained loyal, even in the face of adversity. The Democratic presidential race, on the other hand, briefly united in the wake of the violence, highlighting the potential for the 2020 campaign to be defined by reactions to Trump's actions. Democrats acknowledged the need to confront political reality while also emphasizing the importance of unity in the face of tragedy. Governor Jay Inslee of Washington state expressed confidence in his party's ability to come together in the 2020 election following back-to-back debates. He compared the unifying force within his party to a black hole, pointing to the current White House occupant as a divisive figure. | 2 |
Over the last 40 years, including 12 years as the director of NASA's planetary science division and the past three years as its chief scientist, he has been influential in shaping NASA's scientific research by overseeing missions throughout the solar system and contributing to over 100 scientific papers on various topics. Initially focusing on Earth's magnetic field and plasma waves, he later diversified his research interests. One of his recent significant contributions is the development of a scale called the "confidence of life detection" (CoLD) for verifying the discovery of alien life. He has also proposed using a giant magnetic shield to make Mars habitable for humans by preventing the sun from stripping away its atmosphere and raising surface temperatures. Additionally, he has advocated for the exploration of other planets, including a planned mission to Jupiter's icy moon Europa in 2024. Before a December conference of the American Geophysical Union in New Orleans, Green discussed his diverse research and the exploration for life within our solar system. The following are edited and summarized highlights from our conversation. Green emphasized the importance of a systematic method of searching for life, as demonstrated by his CoLD scale which categorizes potential findings on a scale of one to seven. This approach was prompted by the announcement of the detection of phosphine in Venus' atmosphere by scientists a few years ago. Seen at a massive scale, they were initially optimistic about the potential for life. However, upon further analysis, it was determined that their findings were inconclusive and likely contaminated. While methane is prevalent on Mars, it is not necessarily a definitive indicator of life. We are currently at CoLD Level 3, but if a scientist presented an instrument that could elevate us to CoLD Level 4, I would immediately fund that mission. Rather than jumping to level seven, we need to take the next significant step towards finding life in the solar system. It is essential to stop wasting time and resources on false alarms and focus on making real progress. The search for life on Mars has been a priority for NASA since 1976, starting with the Viking 1 and 2 landers and continuing with missions in the 1990s. Despite this long history, it is not surprising that we have not yet found life on Mars. Response = A: Our current approach is more systematic and intelligent in identifying the signs of life that can develop over time. Earth, which is now teeming with life, has been around for 4.5 billion years. Looking back a billion years, Venus used to be a blue planet with a large ocean. It is possible that Mars once had abundant life, as it was a blue planet a billion years ago. However, Mars eventually lost its magnetic field, causing water to evaporate and the planet to become stagnant around 3.5 billion years ago. Despite our attempts to search for life on the surface with the Viking landers, they were placed in a random location due to our lack of knowledge about Mars. It was comparable to placing an item in the Gobi Desert. We should have placed them in Jezero Crater, where we are currently located with the Perseverance rover, but we were unaware of its existence at the time. One of the Viking experiments suggested the presence of microbial life in the soil, but only one of the three instruments confirmed this, so we were unable to conclusively say that we had discovered life. With the upcoming sample return mission, we will finally have concrete evidence. We had not anticipated the need for a sample return mission. Question: In the past, you have mentioned the idea of using a large magnetic shield to protect Mars from the sun's atmosphere-stripping effects, potentially allowing the planet to warm up and become habitable. Is this plan feasible?
Answer: Yes, it is feasible. By preventing the atmosphere from being stripped away, Mars would naturally begin to terraform itself as the pressure increases. We desire for the planet to be involved in any way possible. As pressure increases, so does temperature. The initial stage of terraforming occurs at 60 millibars, which is 10 times higher than our current level. This threshold is known as the Armstrong limit, where one's blood would not boil if they were to walk on the surface without a spacesuit. Eliminating the need for a spacesuit would greatly enhance flexibility and mobility. Paraphrased Text = The increased temperature and pressure make it possible to start cultivating plants in the soil. Various methods for creating a magnetic shield are being considered. I am in the process of finalizing a research paper that I have been working on for the past two years. However, I anticipate that it will not be well-received, as the planetary community is generally opposed to the concept of terraforming. I believe that we have the ability to alter Venus by using a physical shield that reflects light, which would help lower the temperature. In 2015, NASA approved the Europa Clipper mission to explore Jupiter's moon Europa for signs of life. The mission is scheduled for launch in 2024 after plumes were detected erupting from the moon's subsurface ocean in 2013. Would you have preferred for this mission to happen sooner? A: Yes, I would have liked to have seen it earlier, but it was not possible. There are specific sets of missions that are so large they are referred to as strategic missions. In order for them to occur, everything has to fall into place. You must submit a proposal, have a strong case, present it to NASA administration, and then pitch it to Congress. Every year, I proposed a Europa mission. Each year, the administration showed no interest in visiting Europa. The discovery of plumes on Europa sparked the Europa mission. In 2013, at an American Geophysical Union meeting, several scientists planned to discuss finding a plume using Hubble on Europa. Excited by this news, the speaker expressed a desire to hold a press conference. I contacted NASA headquarters again, and they successfully completed the task. I brought that information back to headquarters and incorporated it into the narrative of Europa. This was a pivotal moment that sparked interest. The response was positive, with some suggesting the possibility of pursuing the idea. When asked about Congress's decision to not include a lander on the mission, the response was neutral. A: Although I would like to have a lander, it is not currently feasible. Adding a lander would complicate the mission, but everything we are doing on Clipper is helping to pave the way for a future lander mission. I made sure that we included a high-resolution imager so that when we fly over certain areas, we will have the necessary information to identify safe landing spots. Europa has some dangerous terrains, so without high-resolution imaging, landing would be impossible. It is important to take small steps rather than big ones, as taking on too much at once can lead to failure. Viking serves as an example of when we made a large leap without enough knowledge. We were unsure of where to go, lacked understanding of the soils and toxins, and had limited information about water on the planet. There were 10 crucial things we should have known before sending the two Vikings to the surface. The question remains: Will you continue to work on scientific papers during your retirement? Paraphrased text = A: Yes, definitely. I am currently working on a paper about Mars. I am also in the process of writing a paper about Europa. Additionally, I am working on a book about astrobiology. My passion for science is unquenchable. Copyright 2022 by The New York Times Company. | 2 |
Putin has pledged to protect a bank that is partially owned by a former ally who has been blacklisted by Washington. Russia's response to the latest financial and visa restrictions will be similar after they created their own blacklist. Despite his allies downplaying the US sanctions, the Moscow stock exchange experienced a significant drop in share value due to President Obama's threat to target key sectors of the economy if Russia expands its control beyond the Black Sea peninsula. The situation further escalated with Visa and MasterCard halting payments for a Russian bank owned by individuals on the US blacklist. European leaders, along with Obama, continue to assert that Crimea remains part of Ukraine and have imposed sanctions on several Russian officials. In response to the crisis, the EU is determined to reduce its dependence on Russian energy and has signed a political agreement with the current leadership in Kiev. Putin has signed a law ratifying Crimea's annexation into Russia and has established two new administrative districts. The annexation was met with celebrations in Crimea, particularly among ethnic Russians, while Ukrainian and Tatar residents remained apprehensive. A recent referendum in Crimea, where Russian troops had taken control, overwhelmingly supported the region's union with Russia. However, this move was criticized by the US and EU as being illegitimate. This led to Obama imposing financial sanctions on individuals who have been associated with Putin since his time as mayor of St Petersburg. Putin denied any connection between Bank Rossiya, a St Petersburg-based bank, and the events in Crimea. He also pledged to transfer his wages to this bank. Other individuals on the US blacklist include oil trader Gennady Timchenko and the Rotenberg brothers. European leaders also discussed increasing their energy security at a recent meeting, as Russia currently supplies a significant portion of the EU's oil and gas. Herman Van Rompuy, European Council President, stated that member states would support each other in case of any disruption in energy supplies from Russia. EU countries are also considering negotiating supply deals with Moscow collectively to enhance their bargaining power. Van Rompuy stated the importance of moving towards an energy union. Merkel suggested that US shale gas could be an option for European countries looking to diversify. Obama is set to discuss this issue with EU leaders next Wednesday. US credit card companies Visa and MasterCard stopped providing services for payment transactions with Russia's SMP bank, causing concern for foreign banks and companies. Obama is considering further sanctions against Russia, including in economic sectors such as financial services, oil and gas, metals and mining, and the defence industry if military actions continue in Ukraine. Ukrainian troops in Crimea have been unable to stop Russia's takeover of the peninsula. German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier expressed concern over the unstable and threatening situation in Ukraine, urging OSCE observers to begin their work promptly. European governments, including Germany and France, took various actions against Russia, such as suspending defence-related exports and military cooperation. The EU leaders in Brussels showed their support for Ukraine's new leadership by signing a political agreement with Prime Minister Arseniy Yatseniuk and promising financial aid once Kiev reaches a deal with the IMF. The IMF is expected to report on talks with Ukraine regarding a loan programme linked to economic reforms. The protests in Ukraine were sparked by former President Yanukovich's refusal to sign an association agreement with the EU. Russia's stock index fell due to concerns about sanctions, while credit ratings agencies downgraded their outlooks on Russia. Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev announced that Russia would increase financial pressure on Ukraine to repay $11 billion under a gas supply contract. | 2 |
US geologists at the Rothera Base in Antarctica celebrated President Barack Obama's inauguration and expressed optimism for an increased focus on science. David Barbeau, an assistant professor of geology at the University of South Carolina, mentioned that there is a sense of excitement about the new administration prioritizing science. He also mentioned feeling inspired by Obama's pledge to double basic research funding over the next decade. Amanda Savrda, a graduate student working with Barbeau, echoed these sentiments and expressed hope for a future that values and supports scientific endeavors. "It appears to signal a positive outlook for both my future and the future of many individuals in the field of science," she stated. Barbeau and Savrda are currently attempting to determine the precise timeframe in which the ocean formed between Antarctica and South America millions of years ago. Meanwhile, at the Rothera base, additional scientists are conducting research on a variety of subjects ranging from ice sheets to starfish in order to identify how they might be impacted by climate change. Obama has made a commitment to prioritizing the battle against global warming. In contrast, former President George W. Bush caused frustration among numerous scientists and foreign governments when he chose not to adopt the Kyoto Protocol in 2001, which is the primary UN initiative aimed at combating climate change. Every other industrialized country supports the Kyoto Protocol. | 2 |
She had never invested much in beauty treatments, rarely getting facials or shopping for beauty products. However, when Dr. Lara Devgan reopened her office in New York, Aubry decided to have a consultation and treatment on the same day. This visit was one of the few times she had left her apartment since March. Aubry, who is 40, could attribute her anxiety to constantly hearing sirens and fearing illness. Having my children at home has affected my ability to manage my business, and witnessing the impact of the pandemic on the economy has caused me stress and made me realize that I am aging quickly. During the lockdown, the demand for nonessential, noninvasive skin-care treatments such as laser procedures, fillers, and Botox injections has increased. Plastic surgeon Dr. Ben Talei in Los Angeles has noticed a surge in people seeking these treatments, especially those with minimal recovery time, as they want to undergo them now while their work and social activities are not disrupted. It was likely expected that there would be a sudden increase in catch-up appointments. However, what will happen in the aesthetic world once this initial surge is over? Will people have a longer list of things they want to change after spending so much time looking at themselves during virtual meetings? Or, after relying on at-home skincare during a break from visiting the doctor, will they realize they don't need medical intervention? The most crucial question remains: how can all of this be done safely? Doctors predict that the pandemic will lead to a shift in focus towards our eyes and bodies, as masks cover most of our faces. Requests for under-eye filler, Botox brow lifts, and eyelid surgery are expected to rise. Additionally, there may be an increased emphasis on the aesthetics of the torso, buttocks, and legs as we cover our faces more. As medical practices reopen, doctors are noticing a higher demand for body treatments. Dr Sachin Shridharani, a plastic surgeon in New York, noted that surgeries are now being performed during the summer months due to limited travel caused by the pandemic. According to the Aesthetic Society, liposuction and tummy tucks accounted for 31% of procedures in June, an increase from 26% in June 2019. Breast procedures also saw a 4.3% increase compared to last June. Dr Herluf Lund, a plastic surgeon in St. Louis and president of the Aesthetic Society, mentioned that breast augmentations and lifts have significantly increased in his practice compared to last year, despite the time they were closed. Demand for nonsurgical body treatments, especially injectables, is also high. Shridharani noted that there is growing interest in using injectables, like syringes, in place of surgical procedures. These injectables, which are generally approved by the FDA for facial use, can also be effective for addressing body concerns. For example, Shridharani uses Kybella to dissolve double chins and reduce fat in various areas of the body. He also administers small amounts of diluted Sculptra to stimulate collagen production in the arms and thighs, helping to improve the appearance of crepey skin. (Shridharani receives financial compensation from the manufacturers of Kybella and Sculptra for his work.) The excessive use of fillers and Botox that celebrities and influencers have become accustomed to may be declining. Plastic surgeon Steven Pearlman predicts that the trend of baby-smooth foreheads, motionless expressions, and overfilled lips and cheeks, which has already been decreasing in popularity, will continue to fade even more quickly. Pearlman believes that people have noticed their faces becoming more natural during lockdowns and, with everything happening in society, they are realizing that having an extreme appearance is not as important. Social media behaviors may also change, making it uncertain whether we will continue to share details of our Botox appointments on platforms like Instagram. During a time of coronavirus fears, economic hardship, and increasing national unrest, sharing photos of expensive cosmetic procedures on social media may draw criticism. As the Black Lives Matter protests began at the end of May, aesthetic doctors were seen refraining from posting their usual before-and-after images. Many were cautious about what to share during such a sensitive time. However, social media has become a vital way for people to connect during prolonged lockdowns, leading to increased sharing of personal details with followers. Maybe we will reach a compromise where patients allow their doctors to share photos of their procedures instead of posting about them on their own social media accounts. Aubry, who initially did not want her procedure photos posted, decided to allow it in order to help other women in similar situations. Dr. Adolf Karchmer, an infectious disease expert, believes that the decision to undergo aesthetic procedures depends on weighing the risks and benefits. While the risk of contracting the coronavirus can never be completely eliminated, medical offices can implement safety measures to minimize the risk. Karchmer was a member of a task force that created Project AesCert, a set of safety protocols for reopening. Patients should be aware that safety measures start before they even reach the office, as practices will screen for symptoms, possible exposure, and underlying health issues. Some patients at high risk for COVID-19 may be turned away by certain practices. Lund emphasized that the initial inquiry a patient should make is regarding the safety protocols of the practice. It is important to determine if the staff can confidently explain their safety measures when contacted, and if this information is readily available on their website. Upon arrival, patients can expect to have their temperature checked, complete any necessary paperwork online beforehand, and see all staff members wearing masks. The doctor will wear personal protective equipment, such as an N95 mask, face shield, gown, and gloves. Many consultations and follow-ups will likely be conducted virtually to reduce traffic in the office due to the risk of coronavirus exposure. There is an increased importance on aesthetics during this time, as medical resources are not optimal, making it a risky time to have complications from a procedure. | 2 |
In the southern town of Gafsa, clashes erupted between young people throwing stones and police using tear gas to disperse them. However, the situation was calm in other parts of the North African country that was a key player in the Arab Spring uprisings. The possibility of a general strike raised concerns about further unrest, especially with the funeral of the assassinated secular politician Chokri Belaid potentially becoming another flashpoint. Prime Minister Hamdi Jebali of the Ennahda party announced plans to form a non-partisan cabinet until new elections could be held. However, there was disagreement within the party about this decision, with Ennahda's vice-president stating that Jebali did not consult the party before making the announcement. The main opposition parties also rejected the idea of a government of experts and called for their involvement in the formation of any new cabinet. Analysts warned that the ongoing political deadlock could worsen the unrest, highlighting the divide between Islamists and secular groups who are concerned about the erosion of freedoms and rights in the country. Belaid was killed by a gunman on a motorcycle as he left his home for work. The killing of a prominent politician sparked widespread protests across Tunisia, reminiscent of the Arab Spring uprisings. Despite no one claiming responsibility for the murder, the headquarters of the ruling Ennahda party were set on fire by angry crowds. The interim parliament is set to discuss a proposal for a temporary technocratic government to address the political crisis. Many Tunisians fear that religious extremists are trying to undermine the freedoms gained during the revolution. The opposition is seeking to capitalize on the unrest, but there are concerns about a prolonged deadlock exacerbating the situation. International powers are urging Tunisians to peacefully transition to democracy, as fears of radical Islamist influence grow. Economic concerns are also mounting, with the cost of insuring Tunisian government bonds against default reaching a four-year high. However, Tunisia's economy still lags behind that of Egypt, which is facing unrest. Tunisia does not have the same abundant oil and gas resources as Libya and Algeria, so tourism is a key source of income. Any further unrest could discourage tourists from visiting. Following protests on Wednesday, Jebali announced that discussions to reform the government had failed due to disagreements within the coalition. A secular party threatened to leave unless Ennahda changed some of its ministers. Other opposition parties demanded that Jebali consult with them before making any decisions about dissolving the cabinet. Some politicians called for the entire government, including Jebali, to resign. Just before his death, Belaid was criticizing the pervasive violence in the country. Ennahda and its two secularist allies in the coalition government have been criticized for their tolerance towards Salafists, which has allowed the spread of groups hostile to modern culture and liberal ideas. Similar to Egypt, secular leaders have accused Islamists of trying to impose narrow religiosity on the new state, causing a dispute that has delayed progress on a constitution and parliamentary election. Unlike Egypt's government, Ennahda has struggled to form a strong partnership with key state institutions, leaving them with limited options to address political opposition and calls for government changes. | 2 |
However, following an unsuccessful coup in 2016, Erdogan initiated an extensive crackdown. The economy faced instability last year, with the lira plummeting shortly after his re-election with increased powers. As corruption and authoritarianism become more prevalent in his government, Turks are showing their dissatisfaction by leaving the country in large numbers. This trend, supported by government data and experts, suggests a widespread and concerning lack of faith in Erdogan's leadership. Over the past few years, not only students and academics have emigrated, but also entrepreneurs, businessmen, and numerous wealthy individuals who are liquidating their assets and relocating overseas with their families and finances. Merve Bayindir, a hat designer, stated that she is selling all her belongings after shutting down her business in Istanbul and relocating it to London. The emigration of over a quarter of a million Turks in 2017, representing a 42 percent increase from the previous year, is seen as a significant shift in Turkish society that could set the country back decades, according to experts. Ibrahim Sirkeci, director of transnational studies at Regent’s University in London, highlighted the real impact of the brain drain on Turkey. The exodus of people, talent, and capital is being fueled by a combination of factors that have become characteristic of life under Erdogan and are believed to be permanent by his opponents. These factors include fear of political persecution, terrorism, a growing lack of trust in the judiciary and the unpredictability of the legal system, and a worsening business environment. Concerns are also mounting that Erdogan is manipulating the economy for his personal gain and that of his inner circle. As a result, many from Turkey's traditional elite, particularly the secular elite who have long been influential in the country's cultural and business spheres, are leaving. Meanwhile, those close to Erdogan and his ruling party are taking their place. One such individual is Merve Bayindir, a well-known hat designer in Istanbul, who is relocating to London. She recently returned to Istanbul to close her business and sell her family's house. Protesters who took part in the demonstrations in Taksim Square in Istanbul in June 2013 experienced harassment and persecution, leading many to leave Turkey. One such protester, Bayindir, continues to be affected by the violence and feels fearful in her own city. Numerous individuals faced harassment and persecution in Turkey, prompting them to leave the country. Erdogan criticized the protesters and many of them decided to leave after dealing with arrests and harassment. Bayindir expressed how difficult it is to handle the discrimination, anger, and violence in Turkey. As a result, many Turks, including Bayindir, have sought business visas in Britain or golden visa programmes in Greece, Portugal, and Spain. Additionally, there has been a significant increase in applications for asylum in Europe by Turks in recent years, according to Sirkeci, a researcher who has studied Turkish migration to Britain for decades. He believes that 10,000 Turks have utilized a business visa program to relocate to the UK in recent years, with a significant increase in applications since the start of 2016. This is twice the amount from 2004 to 2015. There was a threefold increase in applications for political asylum by Turkish citizens in the UK in the six months following the coup attempt, and a sixfold increase in Germany, according to data from the UN refugee agency. The global number of Turks seeking asylum rose by 10,000 in 2017 to over 33,000. Many of those fleeing are supporters of Fethullah Gulen, the preacher based in Pennsylvania who is accused of orchestrating the 2016 coup, or individuals accused of being supporters with little evidence. Tens of thousands of teachers and academics lost their jobs following the coup, including many who had signed a petition for peace. Hundreds have found work overseas. Erdogan aims to make Turkey more conservative and religious, with a growing middle class and a close circle of elites loyal to him. According to Bekir Agirdir of Konda polling company, Erdogan's deliberate efforts to transform society have led to the flight of capital and talent. The government is supporting new businesses to replace the old ones through subsidies and favorable contracts. "There is a shift of capital occurring," he stated. "It involves social and political manipulation." Ilker Birbil, a mathematician facing charges for signing a peace petition and relocating to Utrecht University in the Netherlands, expressed concern about the permanent loss of individuals from Turkey. Birbil noted that those leaving have no intention of returning, largely due to the divisive political environment in the country, which he described as concerning for Turkey. "I have been inundated with emails from students and acquaintances seeking to leave Turkey," he added. Erhan Erkut, a co-founder of MEF University in Istanbul, specializing in innovation and entrepreneurship, mentioned that students are losing hope for change after 17 years under Erdogan's leadership. “He mentioned that this is the sole government they have experienced and are unaware of any alternative,” Families are establishing businesses overseas with the intention of passing them down to the next generation, as noted by Sirkeci from Regent’s University. He also mentioned that many students at his private university fall into this category. According to the Global Wealth Migration Review by AfrAsia Bank, at least 12,000 of Turkey’s millionaires, which makes up around 12 percent of the wealthy population, transferred their assets out of the country in 2016 and 2017. The majority of them relocated to Europe or the United Arab Emirates. Istanbul, Turkey's largest business hub, was ranked among the top seven cities globally that are witnessing a departure of affluent individuals. The report stated that in history, major country collapses are often preceded by wealthy individuals leaving the country. Erdogan has criticized businesspeople who have moved their assets abroad as the Turkish economy struggles. In an April speech, he warned that they would not be forgiven and would face consequences in this world and the afterlife. Erdogan also remarked that such behavior cannot be justified, as reports emerged of Turkey's largest companies pulling out of the country. Several companies have transferred a significant amount of capital abroad due to concerns about being targeted in the aftermath of a coup or as the economy began to shrink. One example is Yildiz Holding, a Turkish food company, which faced criticism on social media for its alleged connections to Gulen's movement. In response, Yildiz restructured $7 billion of debt and sold shares of its Turkish biscuit maker, Ulker, to its London-based holding company, effectively moving the family's majority ownership of Ulker out of the reach of Turkish courts. According to Mehmet Gun, the owner of a law firm in Istanbul, billions of dollars have left Turkey in recent years, especially after the coup attempt when individuals started to feel threatened. Designer Bayindir also began the process of relocating her company to London two years ago. In Turkey, she previously had six workers and a showroom, but currently she creates and produces hats on her own in a rented studio in London. She mentioned that she could have remained in Istanbul and had a better situation, but the increasing tension in Turkey made her fear the possibility of civil conflict between supporters of Erdogan and their adversaries. She noted that Istanbul no longer feels the same to her and lacks its previous energy. She appears fatigued. It is significant that I do not want to be here, as I am someone who deeply admires the city. | 2 |
Sheikh Shahariar Zaman, a Senior Correspondent at bdnews24.com, reported that the government plans to implement a Green Initiative in all export-processing zones to decrease energy consumption. Mahbubur Rahman, a member of the Bangladesh Export Processing Zones Authority, explained that industries in the EPZs currently release steam into the air from boilers, which could be utilized to generate heat and save a significant amount of energy. Rahman stated that a project is underway at the Chittagong Export Processing Zone to create a plan for reducing carbon emissions, with support from the International Finance Corporation, UKAID, KOICA, and the European Union. This initiative will be expanded to other export processing zones in order to ensure the efficient use of energy. Rahman emphasized that all export-processing zones will be included in this system to help Bangladesh meet its commitment to reducing carbon emissions and mitigate the impacts of climate change. There are eight export-processing zones in Bangladesh, according to Senior Investment Officer of International Finance Corporation Han-koo Yeo. Yeo emphasized the importance of awareness and sharing knowledge when adopting the Green Initiative. He mentioned that the project in Chittagong would allow local companies to learn how to implement the initiative. Yeo also highlighted the significance of using energy efficiently for sustainable business development. | 2 |
In May, 16-year-old student Aman Sharma launched a petition on Change.org after being inspired by teenage Swedish climate activist Greta Thunberg. Sharma noticed that each year was becoming hotter, drier, thirstier, and more polluted, prompting him to take action to pressure the government. He believes that remaining silent will have dire consequences for future survival. Sharma's petition has gathered over 170,000 signatures, and he is also calling on the environment ministry to increase the country's green cover and fulfill commitments made under the 2015 Paris climate agreement to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius. Despite repeated requests for comment, the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change has not responded. With support from various film personalities, Sharma's goal is to gain the attention of Hollywood environmentalist Leonardo DiCaprio. On Wednesday, DiCaprio shared a photo on Instagram showing women in Chennai drawing water from a nearly empty well, highlighting the daily struggles faced by many residents. Chennai has received international attention due to its reservoirs drying up, mainly due to poor monsoons in 2018, leading to water rationing. A government report from last year predicted that Chennai was one of 21 cities that would run out of groundwater by 2020, as India grapples with its worst water crisis in history, putting 600 million people at risk of severe shortages. Meanwhile, a heatwave in the north has claimed 36 lives this year, with New Delhi experiencing record-breaking temperatures. Jitendra Sharma, a well-known Instagram influencer based in Mumbai, initiated a petition this week that garnered almost 300,000 signatures by Friday. He expressed optimism that the government would declare a climate emergency, emphasizing the importance of this step and pointing to other countries that have already taken similar actions. In May, the British parliament declared a symbolic climate change "emergency" in response to a growing activist movement, particularly among young people in Europe. Though the concept of a climate emergency lacks a single definition, environmentalist Chandra Bhushan described it as prioritizing climate change in policy and planning decisions. Bhushan from the Centre for Science and Environment in Delhi explained that the Indian government will need to acknowledge the crisis at hand and establish a plan of action. He emphasized that despite the government's current stance on climate emergency, it is inevitable that they will have to address it in the future. | 2 |
The South Asian nation has made progress in fighting hunger, but it still ranks among 40 countries with a 'serious' level of hunger at a score of 20.4, down from 25.8 last year according to the 2020 report. A high Global Hunger Index (GHI) score could indicate a lack of food, poor diet, inadequate child care, unhealthy environment, or a combination of these factors. The GHI rates countries on a scale of 0 to 100, with 0 being the best score (no hunger) and 100 being the worst. The 2020 Global Hunger Index, jointly published by Concern Worldwide and Welthungerhilfe, was launched online on Friday. The report categorizes countries into moderate, serious, or alarming levels of hunger using the most recent official data from sources such as FAO, UNICEF, and WHO. The impact of the current COVID-19 pandemic is not taken into account in the Index, resulting in a challenge for the world to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development goal of 'Zero Hunger' by 2030. The report shows that hunger and undernutrition have worsened in countries with high levels of hunger, with progress being too slow or even worsening in many places. GHI scores are determined by four component indicators: undernourishment, child wasting, child stunting, and child mortality. According to the index, Bangladesh has made significant progress in reducing child stunting, with a decrease of 12.8 percentage points between 2012 and 2020. However, undernourishment continues to be a problem, affecting 13 percent of the population. This represents a slight improvement from the rate of 13.8 percent in 2012. Additionally, the under-five mortality rate in the country has dropped to 3 percent in 2020 from 4.3 percent in 2012. The COVID-19 pandemic may lead to a potential doubling of the country's poverty rate this year in Bangladesh. Hasina Rahman, Assistant Country Director at Concern Worldwide, emphasized that Bangladesh is at high risk for worsening food and nutrition insecurity due to the various crises of 2020. She stressed the importance of working together to transform food systems to be fair, healthy, and environmentally friendly to address current issues, prevent future crises, and achieve Zero Hunger by 2030. In the region, only Sri Lanka and Nepal have better scores than Bangladesh on the hunger index, with India trailing behind Pakistan and Afghanistan also included in the rankings. The official data for 2020 does not yet account for the impact of COVID-19 on countries. The text emphasizes that existing vulnerabilities to food insecurity have been highlighted by recent events. Concern Worldwide Chief Executive Dominic MacSorley notes that the world was already off track to achieve Zero Hunger by 2030 even before COVID-19, and the current economic downturn is worsening the situation globally. The combination of multiple crises, including climate change and conflict, is rapidly increasing food insecurity for millions, particularly for the most vulnerable populations. COVID-19 has revealed the shortcomings of the world's food system in dealing with simultaneous global crises. Experts suggest that a comprehensive and integrated approach to global and environmental health is necessary to reach the goal of Zero Hunger by 2030. | 2 |
Britain's Home Secretary stated that only a small minority of organizations consulted about the government's proposal to detain terrorism suspects for up to 42 days without charge are in support of it. Jacqui Smith defended the plans to a parliamentary committee, noting that only six out of 71 organizations fully support the proposal. Despite opposition from key figures like Director of Public Prosecutions Ken Macdonald and former Attorney General Lord Goldsmith, Smith has not discussed the proposals with them. Over the weekend, media reports mentioned that Jonathan Evans, the head of MI5, informed MPs privately that he would not support the new laws. Despite this, senior police officers, such as London Commissioner Ian Blair, have expressed their support for the extension. Home Secretary Jacqui Smith argued that the proposed laws were essential in allowing police more time to interrogate suspects in complex terrorism cases. She also emphasized that the laws would have safeguards in place, requiring approval from both parliament and a judge for any extension. When questioned by members of both the opposition and the government, Smith denied that the 42-day limit was established with political motives, but rather to ensure successful prosecutions. She stated at the hearing that there is a possibility in the future where someone could be released before evidence is gathered against them if the time limit remains at 28 days. Despite previously agreeing with critics that there was no need to extend the time, she changed her opinion due to the current climate of terrorism threats. She mentioned that if she and senior police are wrong about extending the time beyond 28 days, the extension would never be utilized. The announcement of the plans last week by Smith was unexpected and faced criticism from opposition parties, human rights groups, and some Muslim organizations. The strong opposition, including from some government MPs, suggests that Smith and Prime Minister Gordon Brown will encounter difficulty in passing the laws through parliament. This situation would resemble the difficulties faced by former Prime Minister Tony Blair, who experienced his initial defeat in the House of Commons in 2005 when he attempted to extend the detention period to 90 days. | 2 |
The Bangladesh mission in Geneva announced on Monday that Bangladesh has been chosen as a titular member of the governing body of the International Labour Organisation for the 2008-11 term. Bangladesh will represent the Asia Pacific Group of countries in the ILO. The elections for 18 new titular members took place on Monday at the international labour conference in Geneva. The ILO governing body consists of 56 regular members and includes representatives from governments, employers, and workers to reflect the unique tripartite structure of the organization. Acting labour and employment secretary Mahfuzul Haque, who is currently in Geneva, stated to bdnews24.com that the election demonstrates the international community's backing of the country's commitment to various ILO agreements. Haque emphasized that as a member of ILO GB, Bangladesh will have a significant role in safeguarding the rights of workers both domestically and internationally. He further explained that Bangladesh is currently involved in several initiatives with ILO, such as addressing child labor, improving working conditions in the ship-breaking industry, and protecting workers from climate change impacts. Haque believes that following the elections, Bangladesh will be able to undertake more projects in collaboration with ILO to further support the labor community's causes. | 2 |
The Foreign Service Academy held a training program for the first time, involving 15 young diplomats from neighboring countries and Bangladesh. Foreign Secretary M Shahidul Haque presented certificates to the participants at the closing ceremony on Thursday. Ambassadors and high commissioners from various countries attended the event. The training program covered various aspects of international relations, including diplomacy, foreign policy, human rights, international trade, energy security, and climate change. The course also included lessons on the history, culture, democratic values, traditions, and development priorities of the subcontinent. In addition to classroom instruction, participants visited art galleries, museums, manufacturing plants, and other institutions relevant to Bangladesh's socio-economic development. Established in 1996, the Foreign Service Academy offers specialized training for Bangladeshi diplomats. The foreign ministry stated that this was the first time they had organized an international training program for foreign diplomats. A foreign ministry official mentioned that they would consider making the program a regular occurrence based on the success of the initial course. | 2 |
A Stone Age burial ground located by an ancient lake in the Sahara Desert is filled with the remains of people, fish, and crocodiles who lived during a period when the desert was green, according to researchers. The 10,000-year-old site in Niger, known as Gobero, was first found in 2000, but a full report has only now been compiled by University of Chicago paleontologist Paul Sereno. The team discovered the site while searching for dinosaur fossils and realized they were in an area that was once a green Sahara. The site contains over 200 graves from two separate settlements that were 1,000 years apart. A woman and two children, their arms intertwined, were buried on a bed of flowers approximately 5,000 years ago, which is considered one of the most dramatic discoveries. The older group, known as Kiffians, were tall and robust hunter-gatherers who left the area during a long drought that occurred around 8,000 years ago. Another group, the Tenerians, settled in the area between 7,000 and 4,500 years ago. These were smaller, shorter individuals who engaged in hunting, herding, and fishing. Both groups left behind numerous artifacts such as tool kits, fishhooks, ceramics, and jewelry, according to researchers. Chris Stojanowski, a bioarchaeologist from Arizona State University, remarked that it is difficult to believe that two very different groups of people would bury their dead in the same location. The Sahara Desert has been the world's largest desert for many years, but changes in the Earth's orbit 12,000 years ago brought monsoons further north temporarily. The team used various methods, such as sampling tooth enamel from skeletons, examining pollen, bones, soil, and tools to determine the dates of the site, artifacts, and remains. The researchers stated in their report that the data from Gobero, along with other sites in North Africa, show that we are just starting to comprehend the intricate history of biosocial evolution in the Sahara amidst significant climate changes. | 2 |
A couple of nights earlier, they were throwing Molotov cocktails during the ongoing anti-government demonstrations in Hong Kong. However, after two of their friends were arrested by the police, they became afraid that they would be arrested next. Feeling desperate, they reached out to a private online group that aids in escaping to Taiwan. Shortly after, they boarded a plane to Taipei, the capital city. One of the protesters stated, "We are running away from the authorities," as she nervously glanced around the food court. "We had a limited amount of time to understand the situation." After leaving the airport, the group quickly got into a black van and drove off towards an uncertain future. They are part of the more than 200 young activists who have sought refuge in Taiwan since the beginning of the Hong Kong democracy movement this year, according to lawyers, pastors, and other supporters who have assisted them in escaping. Lawyers have reported that many protesters have arrived in recent weeks after fleeing university campuses that were under siege by police. Their decision to leave is motivated by concerns of arrest and violence as the clashes between protesters and authorities have become more intense. Protesters are frequently met with tear gas, batons, and water cannons from the police. Some protesters have become more aggressive after feeling disillusioned by the peaceful tactics of the movement not yielding results. They have resorted to vandalizing buildings and attacking police with bricks. Over 5,000 people have been arrested since the protests began in June, with hundreds facing potential harsh sentences. Despite the determination of many to continue fighting, a growing sense of distrust is causing some demonstrators to leave Hong Kong. They are concerned about unfair treatment in court or potential abuse in detention, including allegations of sexual assault and rumors of torture. After hearing about arrests occurring in Hong Kong hospitals, some individuals are seeking medical treatment in Taiwan. Protesters and organizers assisting in the escapes emphasize the importance of keeping certain details and identities confidential to protect the operation. According to lawyer Chris Ng, protesters are aware that they could face up to 10 years in prison for their actions and have lost trust in Hong Kong's judicial system. Ng has observed protesters not showing up for court hearings, leading him to believe they may have fled Hong Kong. He believes that protesters do not trust that they will receive fair treatment or a proportionate punishment within the current system. A covert support system has emerged along the route from Hong Kong to Taiwan, with sympathizers setting up safe houses and arranging transportation for protesters. Wealthy donors and aid groups are funding plane tickets, volunteers are providing rides to and from airports, fishermen are charging high prices for boat rides, and pastors are organizing smuggling routes for protesters who have lost their passports. Chun Sen Huang, a dynamic 54-year-old pastor of the Chi Nan Presbyterian Church in Taipei, humorously remarked that he is becoming accustomed to unexpected gatherings. He has become a key figure in the network, working as a liaison to coordinate travel plans, arrange accommodations, and connect protesters with various resources in Taiwan. Huang is constantly busy fielding requests on his phone, even during sermons and prayers. Recently, he was informed of a protester in need of assistance after being allegedly raped by Hong Kong police, requiring a boat to smuggle her to Taiwan for an abortion. Additionally, a group of students escaped from the Hong Kong Polytechnic University and arrived in Taiwan by plane after a standoff between police and protesters. Huang introduced them to a lawyer who assisted in obtaining temporary student visas through a university in Taiwan. A mother reached out seeking a new guardian for her 14-year-old son, who had been involved in throwing Molotov cocktails. Taiwan, a self-governing island known for its hospitality, is a popular destination for dissidents seeking refuge, much like Hong Kong. Despite Beijing's claim that Taiwan is part of China, Taiwanese leaders firmly assert their sovereignty. Many Taiwanese citizens have shown their support for the protests in Hong Kong due to concerns about the Chinese government's interference in Hong Kong and how it could impact their own democratic island. The protests began in response to an extradition bill, which has since been withdrawn, that would have allowed Hong Kong to extradite fugitives to Taiwan for trial, despite the lack of an extradition treaty between the two. Protesters in Hong Kong feared that this legal change could be used to send dissidents to mainland China, where the courts are controlled by the Communist Party. While Taiwan is supporting the protesters, the government is proceeding cautiously to avoid angering Beijing by enacting more relaxed asylum laws. Many individuals who come seeking safety end up in a legal grey area with only temporary visas. Huang, who has been a pastor in Taiwan for 22 years, has aided numerous dissidents fleeing persecution from the Chinese government, but had never witnessed an operation of this magnitude before. He compared it to "Operation Yellowbird," a covert network that helped hundreds of dissidents escape China and enter Hong Kong following the Tiananmen Square massacre in 1989, when Hong Kong was still under British rule. "Darkness can never overcome light," Huang stated as he led five newcomers into the church. "I have faith that democracy and freedom will ultimately triumph over totalitarianism." The choice to flee is a difficult one for protesters. Ali, a senior at Hang Seng University, has been arrested twice for charges that could result in a 10-year prison sentence. The second time, she was detained in a parking lot with 70 other protesters for 48 hours. Ali described the lack of privacy, with male officers entering bathrooms without warning and overhearing other protesters being interrogated. She stated that she was accused of rioting without being told why. During her time in custody, she was unable to attend her first day of work as a teacher at a primary school and was subsequently dismissed. As she waits for her trial, her aspiration of becoming a teacher is fading. "It feels like reminiscing about a past life," she expressed. Ali conveyed her feelings of despair from her grandmother's house, where she currently resides. "I am left wondering what options are available to me now," she pondered, as her passport had been taken away, leaving her to consider relying on smugglers to transport her by boat to Taiwan. Despite this, she is concerned about abandoning her elderly grandmother, who is unable to care for herself. She also fears the possibility of never being able to come back. To assist protesters seeking to flee, volunteer groups offer financial support. A 48-year-old social worker shared that she had personally funded the escape of 11 protesters to Taiwan. The social worker, who does not have children of her own, expressed a sense of duty to assist young people, stating that she would be proud to be arrested for trying to help them resist totalitarianism. She began fundraising for protesters who were fleeing in July, after witnessing a group storm the legislative building. One of the individuals she assisted was a 17-year-old who had been kicked out of his home by his parents for participating in the protests. She primarily accepts donations in cash and in person to avoid detection by undercover police officers who may pretend to be supporters. She stated that the majority of Hong Kong residents are not satisfied, refuting Beijing's claim that the protests are driven by a small group influenced by the US. She mentioned that support for the protests comes from various sectors of society. In Taiwan, protesters typically receive monthly visas that can be renewed regularly. Daniel, a 22-year-old protester, has been living in Taiwan since July on an extended tourist visa. He described his initial involvement in the movement as "fairly radical," including storming Hong Kong's legislative building and being captured on surveillance footage. The next day, two police officers approached him on the sidewalk and informed him that they knew who he was. This made Daniel realize that he could no longer hide from the truth and that he had to leave home. Despite not being arrested, he feels uneasy and suspects that his phone has been compromised and someone is following him. A local aid group in Hong Kong provides him with a monthly stipend for living expenses, but he worries that the funds may not be sufficient in the long run. The stress he was under caused him to seek help from a psychologist, who determined that he had post-traumatic stress disorder. Daniel expressed that the most difficult aspect of his situation is the longing he has for the life he had to leave behind. Before he left, he recalls standing at the bottom of the stairs to his house, overcome with emotion. This moment is something he constantly revisits in his mind, as he realized he may never have the opportunity to return to Hong Kong and see his home or mother again. Text from around 2019 belonging to The New York Times Company. | 2 |
Last month, during the conflict in the northern Tigray region, an explosion at DBL's compound caused extensive damage to the factory and forced the company to reassess its business strategy. Adbul Waseq, an official at the company which produces clothing for H&M, described the terrifying experience and the suspension of operations in Tigray. Ethiopia has made significant investments in infrastructure and industrial development in recent years, aiming to boost its economy and become a leading manufacturing hub. As of 2017, Ethiopia was the world's fastest growing economy. One year after, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed assumed office, promising to reduce the government's control over an economy with more than 100 million people and open up industries like telecommunications, sparking investor optimism reminiscent of the glasnost era. However, over the past two years, Ethiopia has faced numerous challenges including ethnic conflicts, natural disasters, and COVID-19 lockdowns. The recent conflict between the military and Tigray's former ruling party, along with concerns about prolonged unrest, have sobered investors. This hesitation could pose problems as the country's efforts to boost manufacturing exports have not yet generated enough foreign currency to cover imports or debt service costs. Even before the pandemic, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) had cautioned that Ethiopia was at a high risk of debt distress. Abiy's government stated that despite the challenges it is currently facing, Ethiopia is continuing with reforms that will lay the groundwork for a modern economy. Mamo Mihretu, a senior policy adviser in the prime minister's office, told Reuters that despite the impact of COVID and ongoing insecurity in various parts of the country, the Ethiopian economy has shown impressive resilience. Ethiopia's textile production is relatively small compared to countries like Vietnam and China, with exports totaling $94 million in 2016. The country's main exports are agricultural products such as coffee, tea, spices, oil seeds, plants, and flowers, but its expansion into the textile industry in recent years reflects its ambitions in manufacturing. As the conflict approached Mekelle, the capital of Tigray, textile companies started closing down and evacuating their staff. Cristiano Frati, an electrician evacuated from a factory run by Italian hosiery chain Calzedonia, expressed concern about not being able to leave as the fighting drew nearer to the city. Calzedonia suspended operations at their plant, which employs around 2,000 people, on November 13 due to the conflict. They have not provided any further comments on the situation. A broad perspective reveals the Hawassa Industrial Park in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples region of Ethiopia on November 17, 2017. Meanwhile, DBL has evacuated its overseas employees from Ethiopia due to the current uncertainty. Managing director M.A. Jabbar expressed concerns about the ongoing war and its duration. Another foreign company, Velocity Apparelz Companies, which supplies to H&M and Children's Place, has also temporarily closed down, according to a company official who spoke to Reuters. H&M expressed their concern and stated that they are closely monitoring the situation. The company mentioned that production has stopped at their three suppliers in Tigray, but they will continue to source from Ethiopia where they have a total of around 10 suppliers. Indochine Apparel, a Chinese company that supplies Levi Strauss & Co, reported that their operations in the Hawassa industrial park remain unaffected. Levi Strauss stated that they are keeping an eye on the situation and confirmed that there has been no impact on their supply chain thus far. Ethiopia's clothing industry was facing difficulties before the conflict in Tigray due to the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Some factories closed down, while others reduced wages or let go of employees. This economic downturn was not only limited to the garment sector, as insurance companies had also stopped providing coverage for political risk outside of certain regions. A risk consultant working with corporate clients described the current situation in Ethiopia as unfavorable. Similar to many other individuals interviewed by Reuters, the consultant preferred to remain anonymous due to concerns about potential repercussions from government officials. Prior to the conflict in Tigray, Prime Minister Abiy's attempts to alleviate a restrictive political environment had already led to ethnic violence. This violence, which escalated in 2019, had caused disruptions to various projects, particularly in the agricultural sector. A project leader in the agricultural industry shared that their investment had to be postponed last year due to the conflict coinciding with the planting season. Workers are sewing clothes at the Indochine Apparel textile factory in Ethiopia's Hawassa Industrial Park. Swedish furniture retailer IKEA had opened a purchasing office in the country but closed it in September due to political and social issues, COVID-19, and changes in the cotton market in Africa. Coca-Cola Beverages Africa, a bottling partner of Coca-Cola, has also faced challenges in Ethiopia, with the conflict in Tigray impacting about 20% of its sales volumes and delays in the construction of new bottling plants due to the pandemic and tax increases. 'There are limited options available' After the capture of Mekelle in the previous month, Abiy announced triumph over the former ruling party of Tigray (TPLF). Abiy's advisor Mamo stated that the rapid, resolute, and purposeful conclusion of the military operation will address any remaining concerns about political instability for investors. The TPLF has committed to continue fighting. The government must be extremely cautious as Ethiopia's foreign debt has increased drastically over the last ten years due to heavy borrowing, particularly from China, for infrastructure and industrial projects. Foreign direct investment has been decreasing consistently since reaching a high point in 2016, dropping to approximately $500 million in the first quarter of this fiscal year. Inflation is currently at a level of about 20%. Finding solutions to this economic situation is challenging, as obtaining additional funds from the IMF or through market borrowing is not feasible. Menzi Ndhlovu, a senior country and political risk analyst at Signal Risk, an Africa-focused business consultancy, stated that their best hope is for a global economic recovery next year. Despite ongoing challenges, Ethiopia made significant strides with the passage of a landmark investment law and currency reforms. Additionally, the government is moving forward with plans to liberalize the telecommunications sector by opening tendering for new licenses and selling a minority stake in Ethio Telecom. According to sources, interested companies are not discouraged by the current unrest and see this as an opportunity to inject much-needed dollars into the struggling economy. However, Ethiopia's ambitious plans for manufacturing have been delayed for now. DBL's Waseq, who has gone back to Bangladesh, questioned who would want to invest in such a situation. | 2 |
Aramco, the world's most profitable company, finally made an announcement about their long-awaited IPO. However, they did not provide many details about the number of shares to be sold, pricing, or the launch date. Bankers have estimated that investors will value the company at around $1.5 trillion, which is lower than the $2 trillion valuation initially suggested by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman four years ago. Aramco also did not mention any security measures taken after the attacks on its oil plants in September. Sources have suggested that the oil company could sell 1%-2% of its shares on the local bourse, potentially raising $20 billion-$40 billion. If the deal surpasses $25 billion, it would exceed the record set by Chinese e-commerce giant Alibaba in 2014. Aramco Chairman Yasir al-Rumayyan stated at a news conference in Dhahran that today presents a good opportunity for new investors to benefit from Aramco's value and long-term growth potential. The company will be engaging with investors over the next 10 days to gauge interest before determining a price range for the IPO. The goal of the IPO is to support Prince Mohammed's economic reform agenda by raising funds to develop non-energy sectors and diversify revenue sources. Rumayyan mentioned that a decision on an international listing for Aramco shares will be made in the future, but did not provide a specific timeline or location. Gary Ross, CEO of Black Gold Investors, believes that selling a small portion of Aramco in a controlled market gives Saudi Arabia more control over the company's value. Confirmation of the sale of shares in the oil giant, Saudi Arabian Oil Co, follows the attacks on its oil facilities about seven weeks ago, showing Saudi Arabia's commitment to continue with the listing. Amin H Nasser, president and CEO of Saudi Aramco, made these statements during a news conference at the Plaza Conference Center in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia on November 3, 2019. Aramco stated that the attack on September 14, which initially cut its production in half, is not expected to significantly impact its business, operations, or financial status. According to Aramco, the company accounted for approximately one in every eight barrels of crude oil produced globally from 2016 to 2018. In the third quarter of 2019, its net income was $21.1 billion, significantly higher than that of other oil companies like Exxon Mobil Corp, which was around $3 billion. Rumayyan mentioned that the valuation would be determined after the investor roadshow. Aramco's CEO, Amin Nasser, announced that the prospectus would be released on Nov. 9. Saudi Arabia is using easy credit for retail investors and significant contributions from wealthy locals to help finalize the deal. Rory Fyfe, managing director at Mena Advisors, stated that even with strong pressure on domestic investors to participate, international investors are likely to value the company lower than expected by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman. The Saudi stock market experienced a 2% decline on Sunday following the Aramco announcement, causing the benchmark index to drop nearly 20% since May. According to fund managers and analysts, local institutions have been selling shares in preparation for the Aramco deal. Salah Shamma, head of investment for MENA at Franklin Templeton Emerging Markets Equity, suggested that some investors may be selling other shares to invest in Aramco, viewing this as a short-term sacrifice for long-term benefits. To reassure investors, Aramco announced on Sunday that the state will waive its right to a portion of cash dividends on shares, prioritizing new shareholders. Additionally, Aramco is reducing the royalties it pays to the state. As of January 1, 2020, the company will implement a progressive royalty system, with rates of 15% up to $70 per barrel, 45% between $70 and $100, and 80% for prices above that. The Saudi market regulator approved the application to list on Sunday, and issued an exemption for non-resident institutional foreign investors to subscribe. Saudi investors may receive bonus shares, with a maximum of 100 bonus shares for every 10 allotted shares. At a valuation of $1.5 trillion, Aramco would still be worth at least 50% more than Microsoft and Apple, which each have a market capitalisation of about $1 trillion. However, a 1% sale would generate around $15 billion for Saudi Arabia, making Aramco the 11th largest IPO of all time according to Refinitiv data. "The Aramco IPO is an important part of Saudi Arabia's diversification story, with the proceeds likely to be less than the government's dividends from Aramco in the first half of 2019," stated Hasnain Malik, head of equity strategy at Tellimer. Wall Street has been eagerly awaiting the listing since it was first mentioned by Prince Mohammed in 2016. Aramco has enlisted the help of 27 banks, including Citigroup, Goldman Sachs, HSBC, JPMorgan, and Morgan Stanley, to work on the deal. Despite initial hopes for a large international listing, the share sale was postponed last year due to debates over where to list Aramco overseas. Rumayyan believes now is the right time for Aramco to go public." Aramco announced that the IPO timeline was postponed due to its acquisition process of a 70% stake in petrochemicals maker Saudi Basic Industries Corp. The preparations for the IPO were restarted this summer following a successful international bond sale by Aramco, which was seen as a way to build relationships with potential investors before the IPO. The expected announcement of the listing on October 20 was delayed as advisers needed more time to secure cornerstone investors. There is a growing trend among fund managers, especially in Europe and the United States, to divest from the oil and gas sector and focus on climate change and green technologies. Aramco's bond sale in April revealed its finances for the first time, showing a net income of $111 billion, which is more than a third larger than the combined net income of the five major oil companies. These companies are increasing payouts to shareholders to address the mounting pressure from climate activists. Aramco announced its plan to pay out a total of at least $75 billion in ordinary cash dividends for the year 2020. With a valuation of $1.5 trillion, this would result in a dividend yield of 5%, which is lower than the dividend yield offered by competitor Royal Dutch Shell. Refinitiv data shows that Shell's dividend yield is over 6%. | 2 |
Classes for Wednesday and Thursday were cancelled for students in the Midwest, including in Chicago, which has the nation's third-largest school system. Police issued warnings about the increased risk of accidents on icy highways. Michigan announced that all state offices would remain closed through Thursday. The US Postal Service, in an unusual move, halted deliveries in parts of the Dakotas through Ohio. A dozen deaths linked to extreme cold weather have been reported in Michigan, Iowa, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, and Minnesota since Saturday. In Illinois, State Police officers rescued 21 people stranded in a charter bus that broke down due to sub-zero temperatures along Interstate 55 near Auburn after the diesel fuel in the engine turned to gel. In Detroit, a 70-year-old man was discovered deceased on a residential street on Wednesday, according to a spokesperson for the Detroit police. In the neighboring community of Ecorse, a former city councilman in his 70s was also found dead on Wednesday, dressed only in sleepwear, as reported by the local police. Additionally, a University of Iowa student was found dead outside a building on campus early on Wednesday, with the school attributing the death of Gerald Belz, a pre-med student, to the weather. Meanwhile, the streets of Chicago were deserted, with very few individuals braving the extremely cold temperatures of 18 degrees below zero Fahrenheit (minus 28 Celsius). "It's awful!" exclaimed Pasquale Cappellano, a 68-year-old waiter, as he smoked a cigarette while waiting for a bus on Chicago's North Side. "I need to get my medication from Walgreens or I wouldn't have left the house." Meanwhile in Minneapolis, where temperatures dropped to minus 14 F (minus 26 C), Brian Pierce decided to brave the cold and observe cars struggling on icy roads. "The roads feel strange, like there's no traction," he remarked. "My teeth are hurting." TRAVELING TOWARD THE EAST Wind-chill temperatures dropped to as low as minus 42 F (minus 41 C) in Park Rapids, Minnesota, and minus 31 degrees F (minus 35 C) in Fargo, North Dakota, as reported by the National Weather Service (NWS). The freezing winds moved towards the East Coast of the United States on Wednesday, causing temperatures to plummet. Over a thousand flights, nearly two-thirds of the total, were cancelled on Wednesday at Chicago O'Hare and Chicago Midway international airports, according to FlightAware. Amtrak also cancelled all trains in and out of Chicago on Wednesday. Annie Carlson reported that her horses and sheep at Morning Joy Farm in Mercer, North Dakota were doing well, with the option to go into the barn if they wanted. Her chickens, ducks, and guinea hens were also comfortable in the 70-degree F (21 C) climate inside their hoop house. According to meteorologist Andrew Orrison from the NWS, International Falls, Minnesota experienced some of the coldest wind chills at minus 55 F (minus 48 C). The South Pole in Antarctica was experiencing warmer temperatures than usual, with an expected low of minus 24 F (minus 31 C) with wind chill. Temperatures in Chicago were set to drop significantly on Wednesday night, possibly breaking the record low of minus 27 F (minus 33 C) on Jan. 21, 1985. Banks and stores closed, and Waste Management Inc cancelled trash pickups in counties across the Midwest. The bitter cold was due to a disruption of the polar vortex, a stream of air that typically circulates around the North Pole but had shifted south. Officials in the Midwest have set up warming centres for those in need, including police stations in Chicago. Additionally, city buses have been transformed into mobile warming centres for the homeless, and police are distributing hats, jackets, and blankets. The Chicago Police Department is encouraging people to seek shelter from the cold, but not forcing anyone. Energy analysts predict that US homes and businesses will use unprecedented amounts of natural gas for heating on Wednesday. Xcel Energy requested that residents in the northern and northwestern areas of the Twin Cities in Minnesota reduce their thermostats to 60 F (16 C) due to strain on the natural gas supply system. The Michigan Agency for Energy announced that utility companies in the state would not disconnect gas or electric services for customers who were behind on payments for the remainder of the week. Source: New York Times News Service, 2019. | 2 |
When Harper Lee wrote "To Kill A Mockingbird," she could not have predicted its future success as a classic or the impact it would have on her hometown of Monroeville, Alabama. The novel has brought attention to the town, attracting tourists and sparking discussions about the history of racial segregation in the south. "To Kill A Mockingbird" follows the lives of two children in a fictional southern town, similar to Monroeville, whose father, an attorney, defends a black man accused of raping a white woman. Even though the man is not guilty, he is found guilty by a jury made up entirely of white people. Some of the most impactful scenes in the book occur when the children come to understand that their father was fighting a losing battle. The book was released in 1960 and quickly became popular, winning the Pulitzer Prize and selling over 30 million copies. The film adaptation, featuring Gregory Peck, is considered a classic. However, sales figures do not fully capture the impact of the story. Many American readers consider it their top novel, ranking just below the Bible in a survey of impactful books. Library Journal named it the best novel of the 20th century. Each year, numerous tourists visit Monroeville to see places connected to Harper Lee's life, the book, and the courthouse featured in the movie. They also attend a stage version of the novel. Act One occurs outdoors at the court grounds, while Act Two moves inside to the original oval-shaped courthouse where the story is based. This setting allows for the drama to unfold realistically, with the audience, judge, lawyers, and defendant in their proper positions as they would be in a real trial. Even black cast members are placed in the gallery as they would have been during segregation. The audience is captivated by witnessing injustice, while the volunteer actors have the opportunity to reflect on the message of the book through the annual productions. Robert Champion, a detective with the Monroeville police department who portrays Boo Radley in the novel, emphasized that the experience has taught him the importance of not judging people. He believes that the lesson to be learned is to be tolerant of others while being intolerant of injustice. Champion prepared for his role by speaking to individuals who were familiar with the real-life person that the character is based on. According to Jane Ellen Clark of the Monroeville County Heritage Museum, Harper Lee may have drawn inspiration from an actual rape trial that occurred in Monroeville's old courtroom. In 1934, Walter Lett, a black man, was falsely accused of raping a white woman and was sentenced to death. Recently discovered records show that white citizens wrote to Alabama's governor anonymously to reveal that Lett had been wrongfully accused. Lett's sentence was changed to life in prison and he passed away due to tuberculosis in 1937 in a state prison, as stated by Clark. George Thomas Jones, a former businessman who now writes local history, attended school with Lee and recalls her as a tomboy similar to the character of Scout, the novel's narrator. Jones, who is 81 years old, mentioned that he could comprehend why the all-white juries during that time would have given a guilty verdict in such situations. "People were labeled as 'nigger lovers.' Regardless of the circumstances, they would have been stigmatized and would have faced social and economic isolation," he stated. Jones stated that despite the injustices against blacks, the relationship between blacks and whites was, in some ways, better during the '20s and '30s. He believed that there was mutual respect and a lack of racial problems during that time. Jones mentioned that people who were good-hearted on both sides had no issues getting along. While Alabama experienced major struggles during the civil rights movement, Monroeville quietly desegregated its public facilities. Residents noted that the most significant change was in school desegregation. Mary Tucker, who arrived in the town in 1954 and taught at both black and integrated schools, explained that the absence of protest did not indicate that blacks were not resentful of segregation. She noted that despite the separate and unequal nature of black and white schools, there were always individuals who attempted to be fair, much like Atticus in Harper Lee's portrayal. Tucker highlighted that, despite a history of segregation and oppression, there were always a few good people who strived to do the right thing. Lee, now 81, still spends part of her time in Monroeville but is rarely seen in public. "Nelle is extremely modest and humble. You might bump into her at the supermarket wearing jeans... She is quite reserved," Tucker explained. | 2 |
President Donald Trump recently put forth recommendations for reopening the economy and indicated that a portion of the United States would soon return to a semblance of normalcy. However, the administration's optimistic outlook on the crisis and our future has differed from that of medical experts and scientists. The ultimate trajectory of this crisis remains uncertain, with over 20 experts in various fields offering their insights on when we can safely come out of our homes. How far away are we from finding a treatment or vaccine? How can we prevent the spread of the virus? Some believe that with American innovation, progress can be made to alleviate the challenges. The key to moving forward lies in implementing a strategic reopening plan, increasing testing and monitoring, finding an effective treatment, providing sufficient resources for healthcare workers, and ultimately developing a successful vaccine. Despite these efforts, pessimistic predictions for the upcoming year are unavoidable. Experts have stated that the optimistic scenario presented by Trump in his daily press briefings, which includes the end of lockdowns, the availability of a protective pill, and a return to full football stadiums and restaurants, is unrealistic. Dr. Harvey V Fineberg and others believe that we are facing a grim future, with the possibility of people being stuck indoors for months and the most vulnerable individuals being quarantined for an extended period. They are concerned that a vaccine may not be readily available, that people may stop following restrictions, and that the virus will be a long-term issue. Dr. William Schaffner, on the other hand, remains hopeful that the virus will lessen in the summer and a vaccine will be developed. "I am learning to be cautious despite my natural optimism." Many experts predicted a quick recovery for the nation and economy after the crisis, but acknowledged a period of hardship. The outcome of the pandemic will be influenced by future medical advancements and individual behaviors. If we prioritize safety and protection, more lives will be saved. If we fail to take the virus seriously, it will impact us. The number of American deaths from COVID-19 may be higher than what the White House is reporting. The virus has been responsible for a significant number of daily deaths in the US since April 7, possibly more than the official count suggests. In comparison, heart disease and cancer typically cause fewer daily deaths than COVID-19 currently. Yes, the spread of the coronavirus is stabilizing. Hospital admissions in New York, the epicenter of the outbreak, are decreasing, as are the number of COVID-19 patients in intensive care units. While the daily death toll remains high, it is no longer increasing. The epidemiological model referenced by the White House, created by the University of Washington's Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, initially projected 100,000 to 240,000 deaths by midsummer. That estimate has now been revised to 60,000. View of New York City from Weehawken, New Jersey on April 16, 2020, as reported by The New York Times. Despite some positive developments, there are still major worries as the current projections only account for the initial wave of the pandemic until August 4. Without a vaccine, experts anticipate that the virus will continue to spread for years, leading to a gradual increase in the number of deaths. The gains achieved so far required shutting down the country, a measure that cannot be sustained indefinitely. The White House's plan for reopening in phases is expected to increase the death toll, regardless of the precautions taken. The goal is to keep fatalities to a minimum. Long-term projections on the number of American deaths vary but are all concerning. Experts consulted by the CDC in March predicted that the virus could eventually infect 48% to 65% of Americans, with a fatality rate just under 1%, potentially resulting in up to 1.7 million deaths if no action is taken to prevent the spread. According to a model developed by researchers at Imperial College London, it was predicted by the president on March 30 that there would be 2.2 million deaths in the US by September under the same conditions. In comparison, around 420,000 Americans died during World War II. The data from China is also concerning, as their epidemic has been temporarily halted and nearly all those infected in the first wave have either died or recovered. China has reported approximately 83,000 cases and 4,632 deaths, resulting in a fatality rate of over 5%. The Trump administration has questioned the accuracy of the figures regarding fatality rates during the COVID-19 pandemic, but has not provided more precise numbers. The death rates can vary depending on the level of strain on hospitals and the percentage of cases that are tested. For example, in China, the estimated death rate was 17% in early January when Wuhan was facing chaos, but decreased to 0.7% by late February. Hospitals in cities like New York have been on the verge of chaos. Both Wuhan and New York officials had to revise their death counts recently after realizing that many people had died at home from COVID-19, strokes, heart attacks, or other reasons, or because ambulances did not arrive. During rapidly spreading epidemics, a large number of individuals who are either hospitalized or pass away without being tested, while those with mild symptoms or who are asymptomatic are not tested at all. This creates distortion in the actual fatality rate in both directions. Without accurate data on the number of infected individuals, it is impossible to determine the true lethality of a virus. It is only after conducting a significant number of antibody tests that the extent of silent carriers in the US will be known, with the CDC estimating it could be as high as 25% of those who test positive. Scientists in Iceland suggested that the number of asymptomatic cases may be twice as high as previously estimated. A healthcare worker in New York City is seen checking her personal protective gear in Central Park on April 16, 2020. According to The New York Times, China is also reevaluating its own estimates. A study conducted in February indicated that only 1% of cases in Wuhan were asymptomatic, but new research suggests that the actual percentage may be closer to 60%. Our lack of understanding in certain areas of knowledge is significant enough to cause epidemiologists to become emotional. Dr. Anthony S. Fauci, a science advisor to the White House coronavirus task force, has emphasized that all models are subject to change as new data is received. This inconsistency may lead to a positive outcome, as the virus could potentially be mutating to produce milder symptoms. Contrary to what is often portrayed in movies, viruses tend to become less deadly over time as asymptomatic strains spread to more hosts. The 1918 Spanish flu virus eventually evolved into the seasonal H1N1 flu, but currently, we are unsure of the transmissibility or lethality of the virus. The presence of refrigerated trucks outside hospitals indicates that it is more severe than a typical flu season. The lockdowns will eventually come to an end, but it will be a gradual process. Estimates of the percentage of Americans infected so far range from 3% to 10%, suggesting that at least 300 million people are still susceptible to the virus. Epidemiologists agree that until a vaccine or another protective measure is developed, it is not safe for a large number of people to suddenly stop social distancing. Dr. Peter J Hotez warns against the belief that things will go back to normal once a vaccine is available, and Tomas Pueyo predicted in his article "Coronavirus: The Hammer and the Dance" that the national lockdown would lead to a new phase where parts of the economy could reopen with precautions. Each epidemiological model anticipates a pattern similar to a dance, where the virus flourishes when there are too many hosts, leading to another lockdown. This cycle of surges and declines in deaths is represented by curves that resemble shark teeth on the models. Despite strict measures such as closed stadiums, churches, theatres, bars, and restaurants, quarantines for international travelers, and restrictions on domestic travel, the models still predict inevitable surges as high-intensity areas may reinfect low-intensity ones. Experts suggest that stricter restrictions result in fewer deaths and longer intervals between lockdowns. Many models predict that states will eventually implement widespread temperature checks, rapid testing, and contact tracing, similar to practices in Asia. Even President Trump's "Opening Up America Again" guidelines include three levels of social distancing and advise vulnerable individuals to remain isolated. While the plan supports testing, isolation, and contact tracing, it does not clarify how these measures will be funded or how long they will take to implement. Despite this, the president sent out tweets on Friday encouraging protests against state shutdowns, contradicting his own message. China only allowed cities like Wuhan and Nanjing to reopen once intensive surveillance showed no new cases for 14 days, which is the virus' incubation period. In comparison, the US is still relatively unrestricted, with Americans able to take domestic flights, drive freely, and move around in public spaces. Despite some restrictions, many people are still engaging in social activities like arranging play dates for children, having backyard barbecues, and meeting up with others through dating apps. As a result, the country has been seeing up to 30,000 new cases of infection each day. Schaffner emphasized the importance of people understanding that playing poker while wearing bandannas is not safe. Despite strict measures, Asian countries have faced challenges in controlling the virus. China, with around 100 new daily infections, has closed all movie theatres. Singapore has shut down schools and nonessential workplaces, while South Korea and Japan are also experiencing difficulties, with Japan declaring a state of emergency. Resolve to Save Lives, a public health advocacy group led by Dr. Thomas R Frieden, former CDC director, has released detailed and stringent guidelines for reopening and closing the economy. Reopening criteria include a 14-day decline in cases, tracing 90% of contacts, no infections among healthcare workers, availability of recovery facilities for mild cases, and other challenging benchmarks. Frieden emphasizes the need to gradually reopen the economy, rather than all at once, in order to prevent a surge in cases. He also highlights the importance of working together to achieve these goals sooner. In the future, immunity may become a social advantage, with society potentially divided into those who have recovered from the coronavirus and have some level of immunity, and those who are still susceptible. Dr David Nabarro, a special envoy on COVID-19 for the World Health Organisation, has warned that there will be a troubling divide in society. Those who have antibodies will have advantages in traveling and working, while those without will face discrimination. People who are believed to have immunity are already in high demand, being asked to donate blood for antibodies and take on risky medical roles without fear. In the near future, the government will need to devise a system to confirm who is genuinely immune. Dr Daniel R Lucey, a pandemic expert at Georgetown Law School, suggests that testing for IgG antibodies, which indicate established immunity, would be a logical approach. Numerous companies are currently developing such tests. Fauci mentioned that the White House was considering implementing certificates similar to those seen in Germany, where China utilizes QR codes linked to personal details on cellphones to prevent sharing. The adult film industry in California introduced a similar concept ten years ago, with actors using a smartphone app to show recent negative HIV tests and producers verifying the information on a secure website. Experts predict that as Americans in lockdown observe others resuming normal activities, there may be a strong temptation to purposefully infect themselves in order to join them. Younger individuals may believe that risking a severe illness is preferable to facing poverty and social isolation. Dr Michele Barry, who leads the Centre for Innovation in Global Health at Stanford University, shared that her daughter, a Harvard economist, suggests that her age group should have COVID-19 parties to build immunity and support the economy. This approach has been seen in the past, such as in Cuba in the 1980s when individuals who tested positive for AIDS were isolated in camps where they received various amenities and services. Dr. Jorge Pérez Ávila, an AIDS specialist often compared to Fauci, stated that many homeless youths in Cuba purposely infected themselves through risky behaviors in order to gain access to medical care. Before antiretroviral therapy was available, many of these individuals died. Similarly, even young and healthy Americans have died from COVID-19, showing that the virus poses a risk to all individuals. In order to effectively control the virus, more resources are needed. Experts have stated that the next couple of years will progress with intermittent periods of advancement and setbacks. As more individuals with immunity return to work, the economy will improve. However, if a large number of people are infected simultaneously, new lockdowns may be necessary. To prevent this, widespread testing will be crucial. Dr. Fauci has mentioned that "the virus will indicate" when it is safe to proceed. He is suggesting that by implementing a national baseline of hundreds of thousands of daily tests, any viral spread can be detected when the percentage of positive results increases. Detecting rising fevers through smart thermometers may provide an early warning sign, according to Schaffner. However, there have been issues with diagnostic testing from the start. Despite promises from the White House, delays and shortages continue to be reported by doctors and patients. To effectively control the virus, experts believe that all sick individuals, including those with mild cases, must be isolated. In this nation, individuals who receive a positive test result are instructed to remain in their homes but avoid contact with their families. Media coverage has shown prominent figures such as CNN's Chris Cuomo recovering in isolation in his basement, with his wife delivering food while maintaining a distance. However, Cuomo's situation highlighted the World Health Organization's strong opposition to home isolation. Dr. Bruce Aylward, who led the WHO team in China, emphasized the importance of quickly isolating all cases as the most crucial intervention. In China, individuals who tested positive for the virus, regardless of the severity of their symptoms, were mandated to go to a hospital set up in a gymnasium or community center with oxygen tanks and CT scanners. Nurses supervised their recovery, reducing the risk of spreading the virus to their families. Some patients found comfort in being with others in similar situations. The nurses organized dance and exercise classes to boost morale, clear lungs, and maintain muscle tone. However, experts had differing opinions on the effectiveness of these specialized wards. Fineberg collaborated on a New York Times op-ed piece advocating for mandatory yet compassionate quarantine measures. In contrast, Harvard epidemiologist Marc Lipsitch disagreed, expressing concern about the government forcibly separating individuals from their families. To effectively control a virus, it is necessary to test all contacts of confirmed cases, a goal the US is currently falling short of achieving. In China's Sichuan province, for instance, each confirmed case had an average of 45 contacts. The CDC has approximately 600 contact tracers, and state and local health departments, until recently, had around 1,600, primarily focused on tracing syphilis and tuberculosis cases. China has recruited and educated 9,000 individuals in Wuhan. Frieden has suggested that the US will require a minimum of 300,000. A vaccine will not be available in the near future. Although initial human trials for three potential vaccines have commenced, Fauci has emphasized that developing a vaccine will take between one to 18 months. Experts in vaccine production believe that even this timeline is overly optimistic. Dr Paul Offit, a vaccinologist at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, highlighted that the current record for developing a vaccine is four years, specifically for the mumps vaccine. There is a significant debate among researchers regarding how to accelerate the vaccine development process. Advancements in biotechnology, such as using RNA or DNA platforms, have enabled the creation of candidate vaccines at a faster pace than ever before. However, clinical trials still require time, as the production of antibodies in the human body cannot be expedited. Additionally, past vaccine candidates for coronaviruses like SARS have caused "antibody-dependent enhancement," which paradoxically increases susceptibility to infection rather than reducing it, for reasons that remain unclear. In the past, both HIV and dengue vaccines have unexpectedly shown similar results. Typically, a new vaccine is first tested on a small group of less than 100 healthy young volunteers. If the vaccine is deemed safe and effective in producing antibodies, thousands more volunteers, likely front-line workers at high risk, will participate in a Phase 3 trial. One way to expedite this process is through "challenge trials," where scientists vaccinate a small group of volunteers, monitor antibody development, and then intentionally expose them to the disease to test vaccine efficacy. Challenge trials are only used for diseases that are completely curable, such as malaria or typhoid fever. Under normal circumstances, it is considered unethical to expose individuals to a disease without a cure, like COVID-19. However, some experts believe that in these unusual times, conducting challenge trials on a small number of Americans at high risk could be more ethical than leaving millions at risk for an extended period. Lipsitch, who proposed challenge trials in the Journal of Infectious Diseases, pointed out that fewer people would be harmed in a challenge trial compared to a Phase 3 trial involving thousands of participants. Despite some volunteers showing interest, others expressed strong discomfort with the idea. "I find it morally questionable, but I understand the reasoning behind it," Lucey commented. Vaccinologists warn that challenge trials may not recruit enough volunteers to determine if a vaccine causes enhancement, a potentially rare but serious issue. According to Michael T Osterholm, challenge trials may not provide conclusive evidence on safety and could potentially present a significant problem. Virologist Dr. W Ian Lipkin from Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health proposed an alternative approach of testing at least two vaccine candidates briefly in humans before conducting challenge trials in monkeys. Experts recommend starting production of the winning vaccine immediately, while also expanding human testing to detect any potential issues. Although testing a vaccine is challenging, experts say that producing hundreds of millions of doses is even more difficult. American vaccine plants typically only produce 5 to 10 million doses annually, primarily for the 4 million babies born and 4 million people who turn 65 each year. However, if a vaccine is developed, the US could require 300 million doses - or 600 million if two shots are needed - along with a corresponding number of syringes. Douglas emphasized the importance of thinking on a larger scale, especially when it comes to producing flu vaccines. He noted that traditional methods of growing vaccines in chicken eggs are not suitable for modern vaccines that grow in cell broths. While European countries have vaccine plants, they may need them for their own citizens. China, on the other hand, has a large vaccine industry and could potentially expand it in the future. Experts suggest that China may be able to produce vaccines for the US as well. However, customers who are captive must pay the price set by the seller, and the safety and efficacy standards of certain Chinese companies may be lacking. India and Brazil also have significant vaccine industries. If the virus spreads quickly through their dense populations, they could potentially reach widespread herd immunity before the US, even if they suffer significant loss of life. If this occurs, they may have excess vaccine production capacity. Another suggestion by Arthur M Silverstein, a retired medical historian at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, is for the government to potentially convert existing liquor or beer plants with large fermentation vats for vaccine production. He mentioned that any distillery could potentially be transformed for this purpose. It is expected that treatments will be developed before vaccines. In the near future, experts expressed more positivity towards treatments rather than vaccines. Many believed that convalescent serum could be effective. This traditional method, which involves drawing blood from recovered individuals and filtering it to extract antibodies, has been utilized for more than one hundred years. The immunoglobulin containing antibodies is administered to patients. The challenge is that there are only a small number of survivors available to donate blood. In the past, antibodies were extracted from horses and sheep before vaccines were available. However, this method was difficult to maintain sterility and could cause allergic reactions due to animal proteins. A more current option is the use of monoclonal antibodies. According to experts, these treatment regimens, which were nearly successful in stopping the Ebola outbreak in eastern Congo, are considered the most promising short-term solution. The most effective antibodies are selected and their genes are inserted into a harmless virus that will multiply in a cellular solution. However, like vaccines, the process of cultivating and purifying monoclonal antibodies is time-consuming. In theory, with sufficient production, these antibodies could be utilized not only to save lives but also to safeguard frontline workers. The longevity of antibodies varies depending on multiple factors, but they can remain effective for weeks before deteriorating, and they are unable to eliminate viruses that are hidden within cells. Having a daily preventive pill would be a more efficient solution compared to vaccines or antibodies, as pills can be produced quickly in factories. However, even if such a pill was created, production would need to increase to ensure widespread availability. Trump has frequently mentioned hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin, resembling infomercials in his news conferences, but experts like Fauci agree that no decisions should be made until clinical trials are finished. Some experts referenced the 1950s thalidomide tragedy as a cautionary tale of the dangers of inadequate testing. Multiple studies on hydroxychloroquine have been stopped due to patients experiencing abnormal heart rhythms from high doses. Barry expressed skepticism about high doses being tolerated and potential vision issues from accumulation, but suggested further investigation into its potential use as a preventative drug, similar to PrEP for HIV. Other experts, including Dr. Luciana Borio, criticized Trump's suggestion of combining chloroquine with azithromycin as "total nonsense." "I informed my family that if I were to contract COVID-19, I do not want to be treated with a combination including chloroquine. Some doctors believe that chloroquine may help protect patients in the hospital with pneumonia from dangerous cytokine storms by reducing immune reactions. However, it is not effective for preventing infections as President Trump has suggested, as it does not have any known antiviral properties. Other antiviral drugs such as remdesivir, favipiravir, and baloxavir are currently being tested against the coronavirus, with results expected from trials in China next month. The outcomes of these trials may be limited due to a shortage of patients to test. End dates for trials in the US have not been determined yet." The concept of "America First" is being left behind as unprecedented societal changes have occurred. Schools and businesses across the country have shut down, millions have lost their jobs, and relief measures such as delayed taxes and mortgage payments have been put in place. Refrigerated trucks are being used as mobile morgues in New York. Stimulus checks have started being distributed to help alleviate the crisis, turning much of America into a temporary welfare state. Food banks are being established all over the country, resulting in long lines of people waiting for assistance. In New York, refrigerated trucks are being used as mobile morgues on Randall's Island. The current public health crisis necessitates global collaboration on a level not seen in years. However, President Trump is taking steps to defund the WHO, the only organization capable of organizing such a response. Additionally, he has been actively provoking China, which currently has the world's strongest economy and has the potential to become the main provider of medications and vaccines. China has taken advantage of the pandemic to expand its influence globally by providing medical supplies to nearly 120 countries, including the US through Project Airbridge overseen by Jared Kushner. Experts suggest that an "America First" approach is not effective in the current situation and recommend collaboration with China instead. Nicholas Mulder from Cornell University has compared Kushner's project to "Lend-Lease in reverse," referencing American military aid during World War II. Osterholm was more direct in his statement. He expressed concern that if we offend the Chinese with our language, there could be negative consequences. He raised the possibility of China developing the first vaccine and having control over who receives it. He questioned whether the United States would be a priority for them. Once the pandemic is over, the country's recovery may happen quickly, as history has shown with the economy rebounding after previous world wars. However, it will be more difficult to measure the psychological effects of the crisis, such as increased rates of domestic abuse, depression, and suicide due to isolation and poverty caused by prolonged shutdowns. Additionally, there may be shifts in political perspectives. Initially, Democratic cities such as Seattle, New York, and Detroit were hit hard by the virus. However, as it continues to spread throughout the country, no one will be spared. Even voters in Republican-leaning states who may not currently blame Trump for the country's lack of preparedness or limited access to health insurance could change their opinions if they witness their loved ones succumb to the virus. Pueyo conducted a detailed analysis in his subsequent article, "Coronavirus: Out of Many, One," using Medicare and census data to examine age and obesity rates in states and counties that resisted shutdowns and voted Republican in 2016. According to his calculations, these voters could face a 30% higher risk of dying from the virus. In the time following both wars, Mulder observed that society and incomes became more balanced. Social safety nets were established through funds for veterans' and widows' pensions, measures such as the GI Bill and VA home loans were implemented, unions gained strength, and tax benefits for the wealthy decreased. Experts believe that if a vaccine is successful in saving lives, it could lead to a decrease in skepticism towards traditional medicine and a greater acceptance of science overall, including climate change. The clear skies seen over American cities during the lockdown period may potentially become a long-term occurrence. | 2 |
A woman named Amanda Otero, holding a clipboard, inquired of Hoch whether she intended to support a proposal to replace the Minneapolis Police Department with a Department of Public Safety. Hoch promptly responded with a firm no. Despite this, she welcomed the conversation as a distraction and engaged in a chat with Otero for almost 20 minutes. Hoch, aged 35, expressed her belief that the proposed change would ultimately lead to failure. "She believed that it lacked sufficient substance. However, she also expressed concerns about the police, citing instances of mistreatment towards people she knew. Otero felt that they held similar values. Hoch expressed frustration, stating that something was hindering real change. Otero, the deputy director of TakeAction Minnesota, was attentive as she both spoke and listened." She eventually inquired where Hoch would place herself on a scale of 1 to 10 in support of the ballot measure, with 10 being completely in favor. Initially, Hoch identified as a three, but later adjusted her self-assessment to a five. This method of deep canvassing involves engaging voters in conversations about their personal experiences and emotions rather than relying on scripted talking points or pamphlets. The ultimate objective is to not only secure support for a particular policy in the short term, but also to influence voters' long-term perspectives and opinions beyond a single election or issue. In Minneapolis, the goal is not only to build support for the charter amendment that would change the police department, but also to challenge voters to reconsider what law enforcement should look like in the country, especially in the city where Derek Chauvin, a former police officer, was convicted of murdering George Floyd, a Black man whose death sparked a protest movement for racial justice. Deep canvassing, in contrast to modern campaign tactics like mass texting and social media posts, involves engaging in meaningful conversations with voters to exchange personal stories and foster empathy for differing viewpoints. While most campaigns focus on engaging those who already agree with them, deep canvassing aims to reach out to those whose minds need to be changed in order to support a particular policy or candidate, akin to a "slow food movement" in activist circles. Before splitting into groups and heading out to speak with residents about a Minneapolis ballot measure on Oct 10, 2021, canvassers are given a briefing. The purpose of deep canvassing, according to organizers, is to engage in longer conversations with voters and focus on persuading those who are undecided. This approach is seen as a crucial test case for bringing deep canvassing to communities nationwide, with the goal of training thousands of individuals to engage in conversations with those who hold differing views in order to not only win them over on policy issues but also to help rebuild trust in democracy among voters. Organizers use deep canvassing to engage in longer conversations with voters, focusing on those who may need convincing. The New Conversation Initiative, led by Steve Deline, has utilized deep canvassing on various issues to allow people to share their thoughts and feelings in a relatable and human way. In a divided political climate, proponents believe deep canvassing can persuade individuals who have not yet embraced progressive changes on topics like immigration, transgender rights, and policing. These conversations, which can last up to half an hour, aim to leave both the canvasser and the voter feeling more open and disarmed. George Goehl of People's Action highlights the power of progressives in driving national dialogue on important issues. However, in order to successfully complete a task, it is crucial to engage in discussions with individuals who have differing opinions. The process is both time-consuming and costly, as training canvassers requires a significant amount of time. The majority of voters do not even respond to door-to-door visits, and those who strongly oppose may be hesitant to engage with a stranger. In Minneapolis, a team of 60 volunteers and staff members have only reached 2,400 voters after attempting to visit 6,900 homes and making 49,000 phone calls in a city of 2.9 million people. Despite the challenges, this method of persuasion has proven to be effective. In 2009, gay-rights advocates in California were the first to use deep canvassing, a political tactic that involves engaging voters in conversations to change their attitudes. Three years later, advocates in Minnesota successfully used deep canvassing to defeat a ballot measure banning same-sex marriage. This tactic has mainly been employed by left-wing activists. A study in 2016 by researchers at University of California, Berkeley and Yale showed that deep canvassing in Miami and Los Angeles influenced some voters' views on transgender rights by encouraging them to reflect on their own experiences with discrimination. Canvassers with Take Action Minnesota are currently preparing to discuss a Minneapolis ballot measure on Oct 10, 2021. Take Action Minnesota has implemented deep canvassing as a strategy to interact with voters while going door-to-door. Goehl's organization also utilized deep canvassing over the phone to persuade rural white voters in swing states to support Joe Biden in the 2020 election, with an internal analysis demonstrating its effectiveness compared to traditional canvassing methods. Canvassers from Take Action Minnesota are seen preparing to discuss a Minneapolis ballot measure on October 10, 2021. This year, supporters of a charter amendment in Minneapolis, who believe that Black individuals are unfairly targeted by law enforcement, have adopted deep canvassing to engage voters in conversations about racism and the campaign for police reform, which opponents have simplified to the controversial term "defunding the police." Changing attitudes about race requires genuine human interaction, where people listen to understand rather than just to agree. There are no quick fixes to this issue, but it is essential to have meaningful conversations. Despite lengthy discussions on policing, racism was not addressed in recent training sessions or voter interactions. Many white voters expressed a preference for a measure if they knew it had support from Black voters. It was only when leaving a white voter's home that a canvasser noticed a Black Lives Matter sign in the window. Maybe she had missed an opportunity, but she was pleasantly surprised when a woman on the porch next door waved her over. The woman also had a Black Lives Matter sign and a sign that said "love" in various languages displayed at the front of her house. Mary Scavotto introduced herself and mentioned that it was her birthday. Otero declined a piece of cake and began her scripted conversation politely. Scavotto was aware of the charter amendment. She expressed her concern about the idea of completely changing things without a plan in place. Having lived on the block for almost two decades, she mentioned that she would leave Minneapolis if the measure was approved. She referenced a gas station that burned down the previous summer as an example of the potential consequences. She remembered how she and her neighbors made sure to remove anything from their porch that could be stolen and used to harm their homes. She mentioned that they were prepared to leave at a moment's notice with their bags packed and gas in their tank. She expressed concern about the decrease in police presence and its impact on safety, stating that she no longer feels comfortable letting her kids out after dark. Otero agreed, stating that more police funding has not increased feelings of safety. She also shared her younger brother's mental health challenges and her own mixed feelings about law enforcement. Otero, a Latina woman, questioned whether she wanted the police to catch her brother in order for him to receive help, but she also expressed concerns about him getting a criminal record and whether he would actually receive the help he needs. She also shared her fear for her immigrant husband driving in Minneapolis. Scavotto, a white woman, acknowledged the lack of safety people of color feel with the police and agreed that reform is necessary. Otero expressed hope that more conversations like this would bring about greater clarity on the issue. "What would be needed in Minneapolis for us to unite, regardless of age, race, class, and life experience?" she inquired, acknowledging the community's struggle after a year of trauma. "That's the difficult question," Scavotto responded, laughing nervously. "I'm having trouble getting along with my siblings." Reflecting on their discussion days later, Scavotto mentioned being kept awake by it and noted Otero's attentive listening. She committed to attending local forums to gain a deeper understanding of the charter amendment. She stated that she would not alter her vote at the moment, but mentioned that she is more willing to consider it. | 2 |
A new study suggests that some US bloggers believe that the popular fantasy drama, watched by almost 20 million people, could be used to raise awareness about climate change. Manjana Milkoreit, a research fellow at Arizona State University, notes that bloggers, including scientists and science communicators, are using "Game of Thrones" to spark public conversations about the dangers of global warming. The show is part of a growing trend in climate change fiction, or "cli-fi," which aims to make the topic more engaging and accessible to a wider audience. Milkoreit explains that discussing climate change in the context of the show can help people see that there are solutions to this global issue. In the fictional world of Westeros, concerns about climate change have sparked online debates in the United States. Milkoreit, a sustainability fellow, discovered six climate-focused blogs in 2013 about "Game of Thrones," which has now increased to eight blogs. She believes that the fifth season of the show will lead to even more discussions. The blogs draw comparisons between how the people of Westeros respond to the threat of winter and how the real world responds to climate change, offering insights into the complex relationship between climate change and politics. Some bloggers suggest that the White Walkers in "Game of Thrones" may symbolize the threat of climate change, while others see the Night's Watch as representing scientists warning about impending problems. These connections to climate change in the show may not be as obvious as in movies like "The Day After Tomorrow" and "Snowpiercer," which directly address the issue. There is debate among academics about how effectively such works of fiction raise awareness and inspire action on climate change. Elizabeth Trobaugh, a teacher at Holyoke Community College, believes that they can help further the cause. She mentioned that for some viewers, climate fiction movies may just seem like action films, but for others, they serve to raise awareness about environmental issues. On the other hand, Ted Howell, who teaches a climate fiction class at Temple University, believes that some viewers may have misconceptions about the reality of climate change, thinking it will be more dramatic than it actually is. Striking a balance between entertainment and accurate science can be challenging, but Milkoreit argues that it is important to engage people in a fun and appealing way in order to effectively address climate change. | 2 |
The inaugural Thanksgiving celebration took place in 1621 in Massachusetts, organized by the Pilgrims to give thanks for a bountiful harvest. As we gather around our Thanksgiving tables this week, many of us who are immigrants or their descendants, we are reminded of the pressing need for President-elect Obama to address the flaws in our current immigration policy. Instead of a logical immigration system, we witness sporadic immigration raids on businesses suspected of hiring undocumented workers, leading to deportations that can tear families apart. The issue of what to do about the approximately 12 million undocumented immigrants is one of the most contentious aspects of the immigration dilemma. Many people are not likely to go back to their home countries, even with the current difficult economic situation. We don't want them to leave either, as they often work in jobs that Americans don't want to do, both in high-skill fields like scientific research and medical research, and in basic low-skill jobs such as gardening, car washing, and cleaning. President Bush's comprehensive immigration proposals in 2007 were not passed by Congress, despite support from both Democratic and Republican leaders. The question now is whether President Obama will be able to succeed where Bush did not. Obama's proposal closely resembles the bill that was unsuccessful, including measures such as enhanced border protection, increased visas for new immigrants, penalties for employers hiring undocumented workers, and a pathway to citizenship for current undocumented workers after paying a fine. This proposal would be a significant advancement, however, if Congress does not pass immigration reform due to rising unemployment rates, there is still the option to enhance American labor markets through more limited actions. For example, allowing the Department of Labor to independently determine the number of work permits and temporary visas issued each quarter could help improve the system. The Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) follows the law by granting 65,000 H-1B temporary visas to skilled workers, as certified by the Labor Department out of 630,000 approved employer applications. Those holding H-1B visas must leave the US when their jobs end. However, most applicants do not receive a visa, leaving many foreign college graduates who studied in the US without access to American jobs, despite often being funded by American taxpayers. Foreign workers need to depart, bringing along their intellectual accomplishments and valuable expertise. They contribute to the American economy by paying taxes and keeping various businesses and industries operational. If they are forced to leave, these contributions will cease. In 2009, the H-1b visa cap of 65,000 was met just one week after the application process began on April 1, 2008. This accounts for a very small portion of the total U.S. labor force of 154 million. Even if the quota was increased to 150,000, it would still be less than one tenth of 1% of the labor force. This would still result in the majority of applicants being denied admission due to low chances of success. Instead of Congress having to constantly change laws based on economic fluctuations, the Labor Department is better equipped to assess changing labor markets and adjust visa quotas accordingly. It is suggested that Congress should allow the Labor Department to determine the number of visas to issue on a quarterly basis. This would involve issuing fewer visas during periods of high unemployment and increasing them when unemployment decreases. The Department could handle visa management without negatively impacting U.S. workers or community resources like schools and hospitals. Allowing the Labor Department to adjust legal immigration quarterly could be beneficial for America, potentially resolving the immigration controversies that have existed during the Bush administration and setting a more positive tone for the new year under President-elect Obama. That would be a reason to express gratitude next Thanksgiving, according to Diana Furchtgott-Roth, who formerly served as the chief economist at the U.S. Department of Labor and is now a senior fellow at the Hudson Institute. The views expressed belong to her. For further contact, Diana Furchtgott-Roth can be reached at [email protected]. | 2 |
The current pandemic has caused widespread death and filled hospitals to capacity, resembling wartime conditions with triage wards. People now prepare for trips to the grocery store as if they are entering a battle, wearing masks and gloves. In Europe, which has faced terrorism in the past, this pandemic brings back haunting memories. However, the fear of the virus is unique because it is invisible, widespread, and unpredictable. Unlike terrorism, this threat comes from nature and not human actions or ideology. And it requires a significantly different reaction. When faced with a terrorist attack, individuals may flee in terror but then come together in solidarity and resistance. However, once the new coronavirus lockdown is lifted, people will cautiously emerge into the open like moles from their underground homes. According to Peter R Neumann, a professor at King's College London and founder of the International Centre for the Study of Radicalisation, individuals tend to fear terrorism more than everyday risks such as driving or falling in the bathtub, even though the latter are statistically more deadly. This is because terrorism is unpredictable and beyond their control. Neumann explained that while terrorism involves killing people, its main goal is to manipulate our beliefs and interests. The coronavirus is particularly terrifying because it cannot be controlled or stopped with traditional methods like surveillance or persuasion. Unlike human or ideological enemies, the virus is unpredictable and uncontrollable, causing widespread fear. This natural disaster has already claimed more lives than the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and is expected to continue taking many more. Expert Thomas Hegghammer noted that people are usually more afraid of man-made threats, but the coronavirus poses a unique and unprecedented challenge. Julianne Smith, a former security adviser to former Vice President Joe Biden and now at the German Marshall Fund, noted that terrorism and the pandemic both have a profound impact on society and individuals. The unpredictability of both threats creates a sense of helplessness and invades personal life, as people worry about attending crowded events. Joshua A Geltzer, former senior director for counterterrorism on the National Security Council and now a professor of law at Georgetown, pointed out that the randomness of terrorism and the virus contributes to their terrifying nature. "It has the ability to make individuals consider, 'It could happen to me.' However, defeating the virus requires a shift in mentality, according to Geltzer. While an event like the bomb at the Boston Marathon directly impacts individuals and makes them question attending the next year, the virus necessitates a collective mindset to prevent spreading and overwhelming the healthcare system. This situation calls for a different kind of solidarity. Following the terrorist attacks of Sept 11, President George W Bush encouraged Americans to continue with their daily activities despite the fear. Similarly, after the attacks in France in 2015, President François Hollande led demonstrations of public resilience and defiance." In light of the virus, many societies were unprepared, so resilience now means staying home rather than traveling, according to Geltzer and Carrie F. Cordero. It is challenging for governments to shift from urging calm during times of terrorism to instilling fear to promote the common good. This enemy requires people to stay put rather than mobilize. While security responses to terrorism may evoke patriotic and visceral reactions, the response to the virus, such as staying at home or producing protective gear, may not seem as exciting. It is not common to hear people cheering "USA! USA!" in support of home schooling. Adapting security structures to address threats that do not necessarily require increased military spending or heightened surveillance will be challenging for governments. Analysts who focused on softer threats like health and climate change were often viewed as less important, but that perception is changing. The idea of security is evolving to include departments of health security and virologists employed by intelligence agencies. As new threats emerge, such as economic collapse, rising debt, and social unrest, our concept of security will continue to shift. Many are concerned about the impact of the current low oil prices on Arab and Persian Gulf countries, particularly in terms of paying salaries for civil servants and the military, as well as managing subsidies on bread. Even the Islamic State group has cautioned its followers against traveling to areas affected by the epidemic. Hegghammer, who experienced the terrorist attacks in Norway in July 2011, emphasizes the collective solidarity and sense of communal work, known as "dugnad," that emerged in response to the tragedy. This spirit of unity is now being seen again in Norway as individuals come together to help one another during the virus outbreak, with the government and opposition working closely together. The virus and the attacks by Breivik are being compared in the current debate in Norway. It is being done in a critical manner to point out the government's lack of preparedness in handling a major threat, both in the past and present. Similar to Norway, the United States will likely have a commission of inquiry to examine the government's failures and plan for the future. However, the US is divided unlike Norway, and the slow-rolling crisis of the virus affects different parts of society at different speeds. This lack of unity, combined with existing political polarization, may lead to indifference towards religion and law, and the rise of more reckless politicians. The delayed response from the White House ultimately undermines the current political leadership and practices of society, according to Schake. If the political consequences are significant enough, it could result in the decline of the imperial presidency and a resurgence of federal and congressional activism as intended by the Founding Fathers. While the virus may be politically divisive, it also serves as a reminder that free societies rely on civic responsibility norms. | 2 |
There is a concern that focusing on technological advancements may distract us from addressing a fundamental issue: reducing our reliance on cars. For years, the United States has prioritized cars in transportation planning, leading to negative consequences such as pollution, traffic, and limited alternative transportation options. Addressing these problems may require not just using different types of cars, but also reimagining a world with less dependence on them. The author has been reflecting on the balance of benefits and risks associated with technological solutions, inspired by Peter Norton's book on the history of unfulfilled promises to address car dependency through innovation. After World War II, various technologies such as radio waves, highway engineering, transistors, and repurposed technology from bombs were proposed as ways to create an ideal world of automobiles by allowing anyone to drive anywhere, anytime, and park for free without accidents. However, these technologies were not successful in achieving this vision, and there are doubts that driverless cars will be able to do so either. Many now believe that high-tech solutions are not necessarily superior, and even the most optimistic supporters of driverless cars admit that the technology is still years away from being widely used on the roads. Our well-being and the environment will see a major boost if we transition to electric vehicles, which are a key topic at the global climate summit in Glasgow, Scotland. Removing error-prone drivers from the equation could also enhance road safety. However, simply improving cars is not a complete solution. The widespread adoption of electric vehicles could potentially reinforce our reliance on cars, as noted by my colleague Farhad Manjoo in his New York Times Opinion piece. Driverless vehicles could lead to an increase in the number of miles driven, potentially worsening traffic congestion and urban sprawl. Similar promises made by Uber and other services to reduce congestion and decrease driving miles ended up having the opposite effect. Moving forward, transportation advancements should focus on creating safer and more energy-efficient cars. However, it is also important to consider investing in making walking, cycling, and using shared transportation more affordable and attractive options. Norton is discussing a concept that may seem unrealistic, similar to something Greta Thunberg would propose. The car has become an essential convenience in our lives, and shifting away from it will be a challenging, expensive, and divisive task. However, it is necessary to reconsider our reliance on cars, as the current transportation system is hazardous, environmentally harmful, and consumes significant public resources. The United States has been built around the car over many years. It was a decision, sometimes a debated one, that we had the option to make a different choice. Norton suggested considering what would occur if a portion of the extravagant funds used for developing autonomous vehicles was instead invested in practical products and policy modifications. He proposed adjusting zoning regulations to allow for more residential development near commercial areas, schools, and offices in order to reduce the need for constant driving. Norton also highlighted the benefits of bicycles and electric trains that do not rely on batteries as technological advancements that can have a greater positive impact than driverless car technology. Conversing with Norton made me think about the pros and cons of innovation. We understand that technology enhances our lives. However, we are also aware that placing too much faith in technology can prevent us from addressing the underlying issues causing our problems. © 2021 The New York Times Company. | 2 |
The "Billionaire Minimum Income Tax" proposed by Biden would impose a 20% minimum tax rate on households with a net worth exceeding $100 million, primarily targeting the more than 700 billionaires in the United States. According to a White House fact sheet released on Saturday, this plan would require these households to pay a minimum tax of 20% on all of their income, including investment income that is currently untaxed. The tax is estimated to reduce the budget deficit by around $360 billion over the next decade. Senate Democrats had previously suggested a billionaires tax to help fund Biden's "Build Back Better" social and climate change initiatives, although the proposal did not advance due to lack of support in the Senate. | 2 |
More than 1,000 residents sought refuge inside Tinabanan Cave, which has been a shelter since colonial times, as a super-typhoon hit on Nov 8. Lorna dela Pena, 66, was alone during the storm that killed over 6,000 people and displaced about 4 million. Despite feeling disoriented, she managed to evacuate and climb up the slippery soil and limestone to the cave, which now has stairs installed following the Haiyan disaster. While providing hot porridge to evacuees, dela Pena realized the crucial role that local organizations play in helping communities become more resilient to increasingly severe weather conditions as the planet heats up. She emphasized the importance of unity in assisting those in need, stating that what may seem impossible for one person to achieve becomes achievable when everyone comes together. Inspired by this belief, she collaborated with others in Marabut to establish women's groups addressing various issues. These groups now spearhead workshops on organic farming, facilitate discussions on violence against women, and promote the adoption of renewable energy among women in the community. Azucena Bagunas, 47, and dela Pena are two individuals who have been trained by the Philippines-based Institute for Climate and Sustainable Cities (ICSC) as "solar scholars." This organization promotes low-carbon development and climate resilience. In response to the devastation caused by Typhoon Haiyan, also known as Yolanda, Bagunas and dela Pena learned how to operate portable solar-powered generators called TekPaks. These generators are used during evacuations to provide light, charge mobile devices, and assist in emergency situations. One memorable instance for Bagunas was when the TekPak was used to power a nebulizer to save a person suffering from an asthma attack. Bagunas and dela Pena are teaching women in Marabut how to operate TekPaks and educating them on the advantages of renewable energy. They make sure that the solar-powered equipment is charged before a storm hits so that the community can be safely moved. Bagunas pointed out that using solar energy is more cost-effective compared to relying on coal-fired electricity. She emphasized that by using solar power as the primary energy source in their homes, they can eliminate electricity bills as long as they have a solar panel. This way, they can have a dependable and affordable source of power. Bagunas also favors solar power as a safer alternative. In June, her brother's house next door caught fire due to a live electricity wire hitting his roof, causing some damage to her own house as well. WOMEN'S WORK According to 2020 data from the Department of Energy, around 60% of the Philippines' energy still comes from coal and oil, while only 34% comes from renewable sources. However, the government aims to transition the country to a larger proportion of renewable energy, such as solar, reaching half of power generation by 2040. Chuck Baclagon, Asia regional campaigner for 350.org, a group supporting grassroots climate action, mentioned that the ICSC's efforts in bringing solar power to communities would help promote clean energy at the local level. Today's centralized power system, which relies on fossil fuels, is not effective in addressing energy poverty in remote island areas far from commercial centers, according to the speaker. He emphasized that the transition to solar energy proves that it is possible to make a change, debunking the belief that it is too expensive. The high cost of fossil fuel is due to its volatility in the market as it is imported. On the other hand, renewable energy sources like solar are more feasible to implement locally because they make use of what is readily available and have great potential in specific locations. Leah Payud, resilience portfolio manager at Oxfam Philippines, highlighted the importance of supporting initiatives that introduce solar energy in poor rural communities, particularly because it benefits vulnerable groups like women and children who are most affected by climate change. She stated that women's unpaid care work and domestic work doubles during disasters, which becomes more difficult due to the lack of access to energy sources. This includes not having a clean kitchen to cook meals or electricity for tasks like breastfeeding or sanitizing equipment. She believes that women should be included in the expansion of clean, affordable, and easily accessible energy because they are the main users and producers. Without their involvement, renewable energy initiatives may not be suitable. She emphasized that gender justice is essential for climate justice. One effective method for introducing women to renewable energy involves having them create a 24-hour clock detailing their household chores and the energy sources they use, according to Payud. By consulting with Oxfam staff, they can explore how switching energy sources could ease their workload, making the concept more relatable. This exercise has shown that many women spend at least 13 hours daily on unpaid family care work, a burden that has grown during the COVID-19 pandemic with increased home-schooling. In energy-deprived areas like Suluan Island, women must collect water and face risks when venturing out after dark. Solar lights have proven to be a safer and more reliable alternative to oil lamps, eliminating the need to cross the sea for fuel. Payud stated that solar energy is the most reliable source of energy during a disaster, particularly when the main power supply is disrupted and travel between islands is not possible. Following Haiyan, it took six months to restore grid power in remote communities, a situation that could have been avoided if women had access to alternative energy like solar. Dela Pena and Bagunas believe that women should play a leading role in addressing climate change and energy poverty because they are often the first to address challenges as they are the ones overseeing the family and acting as "shock absorbers". | 2 |
Britain has not yet determined its target for renewable energy sources like wind and sun by 2020, causing concern among industry players. European Union leaders agreed to a mandatory target of one-fifth of energy from renewables by 2020, but did not allocate specific targets to each member state. Tough discussions are expected before a decision in January, and the renewable energy industry in Britain is worried that the country's target will be too low. The UK's Renewable Energy Association spokesperson, Leonie Greene, believes there is a negative attitude towards renewables in the country. Renewable energy is better for the environment but more expensive than traditional fossil fuels, requiring support for research, development, and installation to encourage investment and reduce costs. Greene referred to EU data indicating that in 2005, Britain obtained 1.8 percent of its energy from renewable sources, while the EU-27 average was 6.7 percent. Despite committing to the EU's 20 percent target, the UK government stated they have not changed their position and are currently determining how to achieve this goal. The UK announced in May that existing policies would allow them to reach 5 percent renewable energy by 2020, considering the EU target as ambitious. Leaked documents suggest that doubling this share to 10 percent by 2020 could cost up to 4.4 billion pounds annually. The documents indicated that Britain desired a flexible approach to achieve targets, such as using a mechanism similar to carbon offsetting. This involves paying someone else to install renewable energy on your behalf. EU Energy Commissioner Andris Piebalgs expressed support for a trading approach where wealthier EU countries would invest in renewable energy in newer, mainly ex-communist bloc members. This proposal received a mixed reception from renewable energy companies. | 2 |
Nobel Peace Prize winner Aung San Suu Kyi is moving from being a symbol of freedom opposing Myanmar's ruling military to leading a political party in the country's fragile new quasi-democracy. The transition has faced challenges, as evidenced by a question from a student in London about her reluctance to denounce a violent government military operation against Kachin rebels, which has led to the displacement of 75,000 individuals. Suu Kyi responded in a neutral manner, stating that more information is needed before taking sides. The Kachin community was very angry. The Kachinland News website described her response as disrespectful. Kachin protesters congregated outside her upcoming event in London. A "open letter" from 23 Kachin organizations around the world stated that Suu Kyi was supporting government-approved violence. It might have been hard to believe that a woman as respected as her would provoke such animosity a few months ago. A landslide win in a by-election led to Suu Kyi and 42 other members of her National League for Democracy entering Myanmar's parliament. Previously revered for her long-standing opposition to the old regime, Suu Kyi now faces criticism as she gains influence in parliament. Despite her growing power, some ethnic groups criticize her for not speaking out against human rights abuses in Myanmar's border states. Economists are concerned that her negative assessments of Myanmar's business environment may deter foreign investors. Political analysts note that her party lacks concrete policies beyond the pronouncements of its well-known leader. Additionally, she faces internal discord within the democracy movement she played a key role in establishing. Critics from around the world have criticized her unclear stance on the pressing humanitarian crisis involving the stateless Rohingya Muslims in western Myanmar, where violence between Rohingya Muslims and ethnic Rakhine Buddhists has resulted in numerous casualties and displaced tens of thousands of people. Rejected by Myanmar and Bangladesh, where 300,000 refugees reside, numerous Rohingya people reside in deplorable conditions in Rakhine State. The United Nations has labeled this Muslim minority group as "almost friendless" in a country dominated by Buddhists. The violence started in June right before Suu Kyi's first visit to Europe in 24 years. During her visit to Norway to receive the Nobel Peace Prize she won in 1991 while under house arrest, a journalist questioned Suu Kyi about the citizenship status of the Rohingya in her country. "I do not know," Suu Kyi stated. This response irritated both the Rohingya, who seek recognition as citizens of Myanmar, and the locals in Rakhine, who see them as invaders. This answer was different from the clear moral stance she took in her Nobel speech, where she discussed the plight of those who are displaced and forced to live among unwelcoming strangers. Suu Kyi's previous moral clarity played a role in isolating the former junta globally. However, her current position as a political party leader requires a more strategic approach with ambiguity. She needs to maintain her popularity among the majority of Burmans and Buddhists, while also not pushing away ethnic minorities or people of other religions. She also has to work with the highly disliked military, which holds the most power in Myanmar. Her political skills have been evident since 1988, when she came back to Myanmar after living abroad. Despite facing harsh treatment from the military, she became the leader of the democracy movement and continued to inspire others even while in jail or under house arrest for most of the following two decades. In a lecture at Harvard's Kennedy School of Government, she expressed her dislike of being called an icon, stating that she sees herself as a politician. She highlighted her political work over the past 24 years and declined interview requests for this article. Myanmar's reforms have progressed since her release from house arrest in 2010. This year, Myanmar has released political prisoners, loosened restrictions on media, and begun addressing economic issues. The country's transition from authoritarianism is frequently likened to the Arab Spring, although it was achieved through the efforts of former military leaders like President Thein Sein rather than through protests. A crucial moment in this process was a meeting between Aung San Suu Kyi and Thein Sein in Naypyitaw in August 2011, signaling the beginning of Suu Kyi's pragmatic approach to working with the government. She labeled him as "sincere" in his efforts to reform Myanmar, which led to US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton's visit to Naypyitaw and the lifting of most Western sanctions earlier this year. Being seen as saintly and principled can be detrimental in the political arena, where compromise and negotiation are necessary. Even Myanmar's acclaimed "human rights superstar," as dubbed by Amnesty International, cannot meet all expectations. Suu Kyi understands that facing criticism and attacks comes with the territory of being a politician. Being praised and admired can also be a risk that comes with the job, and is much less desirable than the other option. This was written 14 years ago by a person who now regularly visits their parliamentary district of Kawhmu, a small and poor rice-growing area near the city of Yangon. During a recent morning drive through Kawhmu's rough roads in an SUV, villagers came out of their homes to cheer for "Mother Suu." The issues faced in Kawhmu, such as household debt, lack of electricity, and unemployment, are a microcosm of the struggles faced by Myanmar as a whole. Aung Lwin Oo, a 45-year-old carpenter and member of the National League for Democracy, mentioned that some villages in the area do not have any young people as they have all gone to work in Thailand and Malaysia. Despite the unglamorous nature of the work, Aung San Suu Kyi's first stop that day was at a Buddhist monastery where she prayed with the monks and resolved a money dispute between representatives from two villages. She then had lunch with NLD members at the party's Kawhmu headquarters and discussed drainage issues with local officials. Her new job may not be glamorous, but those close to her say she finds joy in it. Win Tin, a senior member of the NLD and a longtime friend, commented, "She takes pleasure in political activities and embraces it wholeheartedly." She is also adjusting to living in Naypyitaw, the newly constructed and secluded capital, residing in a residence enclosed by a fence with razor wire on top. In the Lower House of parliament, the vibrant attire worn by ethnic delegates creates a lively and celebratory ambiance. Seated next to Suu Kyi is a Member of Parliament from Chin State who is wearing a headdress adorned with boar's teeth and hornbill feathers. On one side of the chamber, there are men in green uniforms who appear to be dominant. The constitution of Myanmar, which was approved through a fraudulent referendum in 2008, designates a quarter of parliamentary seats for military personnel selected by armed forces chief Gen. Min Aung Hlaing, who is a protege of former dictator Than Shwe. Suu Kyi's mere presence in parliament lends legitimacy to a political system established by the junta that once imprisoned her. Her party has made significant changes in their beliefs in order to reach this point. The NLD refused to participate in the constitution-drafting process and the 2010 election, which was manipulated in favor of the military-backed Union Solidarity and Development Party. The NLD, led by Suu Kyi, also insisted that the military acknowledge the results of the 1990 election, which the NLD had won decisively but was disregarded by the junta. However, the party changed its stance and participated in the by-elections in April. Despite holding less than ten percent of the lower house seats, Suu Kyi manages to make the NLD's influence greater than its size suggests. She opposed a higher education bill that she considered inadequate, resulting in it being abandoned in July and sent back to legislators for revision. She also played a role in removing a provision in a foreign investment law that would have benefited Myanmar's corrupt businessmen. In August, she was appointed as the chair of a parliamentary committee focused on "rule of law and tranquility," potentially increasing her impact. Despite her influence, there are still challenges in reforming the constitution to reduce the military's power, which remains a key priority for the NLD. Obtaining three-quarters support in parliament, which includes some military delegates, is a challenging task for Suu Kyi. According to Ohn Kyaing, NLD party spokesman and member of parliament, Suu Kyi is very persuasive, but changing the constitution without the military's support is unlikely. Despite the NLD's overwhelming victory in the recent by-election, the party does not appear ready to govern. The NLD was established in September 1988 following a violent suppression that resulted in the deaths and injuries of numerous pro-democracy demonstrators. Suu Kyi was arrested by the military junta less than a year after the party's formation, and its members were subjected to harassment, imprisonment, and torture. In 2003, government militants assaulted Suu Kyi's convoy, resulting in the deaths of many of her followers. Fortunately, she managed to survive the attack. The majority of NLD offices were closed down. When Suu Kyi was released from house arrest in 2010, her party was weak and led by elderly individuals. She worked on revitalizing it by establishing numerous offices personally. Two of the party's original members, Win Tin and Tin Oo, who are both elderly, have been given advisory positions. The party has experienced significant growth, now boasting a million members according to spokesman Ohn Kyaing. However, this success has led to new challenges. The National League for Democracy (NLD) is planning to host its inaugural national party conference in late 2012 or early 2013. Protests have broken out in various areas, such as Suu Kyi's Kawhmu, regarding who will be able to participate in the conference. This disagreement showcases the tension between long-standing NLD members, who endured decades of persecution, and newer members who joined during Myanmar's period of reform. Ohn Kyaing stated, "The older members are reluctant to relinquish their positions due to their past struggles." Additionally, there is a power struggle between the central party headquarters and local branches, with local officials accusing their leaders of being domineering or unresponsive. As a result, at least five members have been suspended for either defying or protesting against the party leadership. A seven-member Central Executive Committee, led by Suu Kyi, is responsible for approving her decisions according to past and current NLD members. One of these decisions was the NLD's rejection in April of a parliamentary oath to uphold the constitution. Aung Kyi Nyunt, an NLD upper house legislator, believes that while imposing her will may not be democratic, it is not authoritarian as Suu Kyi does not force others to comply with her decisions, they already agree with her. After facing criticism from supporters and a two-week stand-off, the "Iron Aunty" finally relented and allowed her MPs to take their seats. The NLD has a strained relationship with Myanmar's media, with reports of Suu Kyi's bodyguards allegedly assaulting a reporter in May, a claim that the NLD denies. Some Burmese-language websites have been spreading false information about Suu Kyi, including unsubstantiated rumors such as her having a teenage daughter with a Burmese lover, which is reminiscent of propaganda from the junta era. The websites, which are owned by individuals who protect their identities by registering through proxies, could not be contacted for comments. The NLD's entrance into parliament has also brought attention to a lack of specific policies and experts to create them, a significant weakness as Myanmar's government is rapidly creating new laws. When asked by Reuters in Kawhmu about the NLD's stance on the Rohingya, Suu Kyi appeared to suggest that the party did not have one, stating that it is a matter that the entire country should be involved in rather than being solely the responsibility of the NLD. Suu Kyi's popularity in Myanmar is not as widespread as some Western admirers believe. While she is beloved in the lowlands where ethnic Burmans reside, her support diminishes in the border regions where ethnic minorities have long-standing conflicts with the Burman-dominated military. In rural Shan State, which is named after the largest minority group, it is difficult to come across images of Suu Kyi. In July, Suu Kyi used her first speech in parliament to advocate for increased legal protection for minorities. However, despite this, she continues to face criticism from ethnic leaders, including Khun Htun Oo, a prominent Shan politician who was previously imprisoned by the former junta for nearly seven years. According to Htun Oo, Suu Kyi has been "neutralized" by her involvement in parliament. He made this statement to reporters in Washington last month, just a day before they both received awards from a human rights organization. During her trip to the US, Suu Kyi's trust has decreased due to a mistake she made in an interview with CNN. She mentioned having a fondness for Myanmar's military, which was established by her father, General Aung San. This statement led to a backlash on Facebook, the primary platform for political discourse in Myanmar. The NLD has long supported calls for a UN Commission of Inquiry into reported atrocities in the country. The push for retributive justice has been abandoned since Suu Kyi's release. Suu Kyi stated in March that she believes in restorative justice, not punishing junta members. Western governments follow Suu Kyi's lead on human rights, using her statements as a reason to not take action on justice and accountability issues, according to Mark Farmaner of Burma Campaign UK. It was observed that British Foreign Secretary William Hague took over two months to make a statement on the violence against the Rohingya minority. NLD spokesman Ohn Kyaing mentioned that Suu Kyi will address the Rohingya issue at the appropriate moment, stating that timing is crucial in politics. | 2 |
In a short period of time, he transitioned from creating abstract art to graffiti, which caught the interest of de Kooning according to Haze, a resident of Manhattan. She advised him that artists must be guided by their inspiration at all times. By the early 1980s, he joined Soul Artists, a prominent graffiti collective in New York City, and displayed his work alongside Keith Haring and Jean-Michel Basquiat, both of whom were his friends, at MoMA PS1. He also exhibited at the Tony Shafrazi Gallery and later distributed his non-figurative paintings globally. Instead of leading a solitary artist's life, he established a successful design business with clients such as the Beastie Boys, Public Enemy, and LL Cool J. He recently designed clothing and spaces for Nike and the Standard Hotel, and in 2013 he married actress Rosie Perez and lived a very social life. However, everything changed when he began an artist's residency at the Elaine de Kooning house in December. He expressed his desire to relearn painting in a studio in East Hampton with a large window overlooking the woods. Several gray views of the studio that he painted contrasted with a colorful portrait by de Kooning on the wall. His early abstract paintings, created in vibrant colors during his childhood under her guidance, were displayed next to a striking new portrait of de Kooning, with disheveled hair and intense eyes, holding a cigarette. After spending months painting through the night, he felt a deep connection to de Kooning's spirit, which inspired him to paint people, starting with himself. It was only recently that he felt deserving of painting Elaine, and he believes he has made significant progress in his art in the past few weeks. Like many others during quarantine, he has relied on his own creativity to navigate isolation and shape his days. For many artists, writers, and composers who have received prestigious residencies to spend time in remote and sometimes harsh environments, it is a sought-after opportunity. However, during a pandemic, the additional isolation can become difficult even for the most resilient artists. Pat Phillips, who is currently on a painting residency in Provincetown, Massachusetts, mentioned that the enforced isolation can be challenging for those who are not accustomed to it. While he is fortunate to have his wife, fellow artist Coady Brown, with him, the lack of community interactions and events due to the pandemic has made the experience tougher. Dune walks and community potluck dinners featuring local clams are currently not happening. Richard MacMillan, the executive director of the organization, noted that residents who were once very social have now become isolated due to the pandemic. While many residency programs have shut down, some like Djerassi in California and Bemis Center for Contemporary Arts in Nebraska have implemented new safety rules to remain open during and even beyond April. Paolo Arao, a Brooklyn artist who recently returned from a three-month residency at Bemis, stated that the past month was very distracting due to all the news. However, he felt safer in Nebraska, where there were fewer COVID cases than at home. The Elaine de Kooning House residency, which accommodates only one artist, seems to be well-suited for sheltering in place. The director of programming, Katherine McMahon, mentioned that the setup, with only one staff member providing meals and cookies, was helpful in minimizing interactions during self-quarantine. Despite the artist, Haze, working through the night and being in a daze from painting marathons, he would briefly step outside to smoke a cigarette, promising his wife he would quit when he returned home. "At this moment, it would be too disruptive and would prevent me from focusing." On a Wednesday in early April, during the peak of the pandemic in New York City, with reports of sirens constantly blaring, the sound of birds and rustling tree branches entered de Kooning's former studio through an open door. Haze sat on a stool facing a recently completed self portrait of his younger, alluring self, leaning against a car with a cigarette in hand, reminiscent of de Kooning's portrait on the opposite side. In his studio, tubes, buckets, and cans of paint, along with various brushes, rags, and thinner, overshadowed his collection of Clorox wipes and surgical gloves. "I have boxes of them and plan to give them away to friends like bottles of wine," he mentioned. "I brought enough supplies out here to paint through the apocalypse," he added. To his left, a large painting of de Kooning painting Kennedy and his own interpretation of her painting of him and his sister as children, created a reflective effect that delved into the past, intertwining it with the present. In the vicinity, he was working on a portrait of his immigrant grandfather as a young boy. He mentioned that his time spent alone in the residence helped him vividly recall various people from his past. He also expressed his admiration for Elaine, who had been a spiritual inspiration for him during those months. Even his wife was aware of his feelings for Elaine. He intended to go back to Perez the next day, but a week later he was still painting despite the ongoing apocalypse. He pointed out that Elaine used to say that obsession is a fundamental part of the process. | 2 |
Currently, Hollywood's usual busy and hyped-up first week of the year has been quieted due to the omicron spike and NBC's decision not to broadcast the Golden Globes on Sunday because of ethical concerns regarding the organization that presents the awards. The AFI Awards were delayed, the Critics' Choice Awards were rescheduled, and the Palm Springs Film Festival was canceled. Additionally, many of the star-studded award contenders did not perform well at the box office. The Academy Awards are still set for March 27, with nominations to be announced on February 8. However, it is unclear what the event will look like. The organization has already postponed its annual Governors Awards, which have been honoring recipients with honorary Oscars for the past 11 years in a ceremony that is not televised. Will there be a host? Will there be a live audience? And most importantly, will the event attract viewers? The Academy brought on a producer from the film "Girls Trip" in October to lead the show, but has not shared any further information and declined to comment for this article. The upcoming year, 2022, is shaping up to be very similar to 2021. Hollywood is once again missing out on its usual season of self-congratulation, which also means that the film industry's best form of advertising is being compromised at a time when movies really need it. This could have significant impacts on the types of movies that are produced. Nancy Utley, a former co-chair of Fox Searchlight, who played a role in turning smaller prestige films like "12 Years a Slave" and "The Shape of Water" into best-picture Oscar winners over her 21-year career, noted, "For the box office - when there was a fully functioning box office - those award shows were everything." The reason to watch smaller movies there was due to the recognition received, but it is difficult to do so in the current industry climate. Many prestigious films rely on earning most of their box office revenue during the period between the Golden Globes and the Academy Awards. The decline of the Golden Globes, which faced controversies involving financial misconduct, ethical issues in journalism, and lack of diversity in the Hollywood Foreign Press Association, has already impacted this trend. If the awards season engine of the Hollywood hype machine weakens, it could further harm the struggling box office. The significant shift in audience behavior towards streaming services seems likely to continue, with only major blockbusters like "Spider-Man: No Way Home" attracting large numbers of theatergoers. Stephen Galloway, dean of Chapman University’s Dodge College of Film and Media Arts and former executive editor of The Hollywood Reporter, believes that the movie industry is at risk of decline as people are no longer accustomed to watching films on the big screen. He questions how long award seasons, such as the Academy Awards, can remain relevant without the support of moviegoers. The Academy Awards were established in 1929 to showcase Hollywood's successes to the world. The telecast, which had once attracted 55 million viewers, has seen a decline in numbers over the years. Last year, it hit a record low of 10.4 million viewers for a show that lacked a host, musical performances, and featured a lesser-known best picture winner in "Nomadland." Despite efforts from Hollywood to promote theatergoing as a cultural experience, including deploying top stars and directors, these attempts have not been successful. The general public is still hesitant to go back to movie theaters regularly. "No Time to Die," Daniel Craig's final film as James Bond, was postponed for more than a year due to the pandemic. When it was finally released, it only earned $160.7 million in the US and Canada, which is $40 million less than "Spectre" and $144 million less than "Skyfall." Despite positive reviews, critically acclaimed films like "Last Night in Soho," "Nightmare Alley," and "Belfast" had low box office earnings. Even with a 93 percent rating on Rotten Tomatoes, Spielberg's "West Side Story" only made $30 million domestically. The original film made $44 million in 1961, which would be equivalent to $409 million today. A recent study shows that 49 percent of moviegoers before the pandemic are no longer purchasing tickets, with 8 percent stating they will never return. These figures are concerning for midbudget films that rely on positive reviews and publicity to attract audiences. Some believe that midbudget films, which cost between $20 million to $60 million and are not adaptations of well-known properties, may face permanent changes in the movie industry. If changes in viewing habits are permanent and award nominations and wins are no longer a big draw, films will struggle to make a profit. If audiences only want to see popular blockbusters like "Spider-Man," it's hard to convince them to also watch smaller, more artistic films like "Belfast" in theaters. This shift doesn't just impact individual movies and filmmakers, but the entire art form of cinema. "The world of 2019, in which '1917' made $160M, 'Ford v. Ferrari' made $120M, and 'Parasite' made $52M, is gone," film journalist and historian Mark Harris wrote on Twitter on Thursday, noting the lack of non-genre adult dramas cracking the $50M mark at the box office. Despite this, studios are adapting, with MGM scaling back the theatrical release of "Licorice Pizza" after observing other high-profile films struggle in wide distribution. It is also changing the release date of "Cyrano" in Britain to February to coincide with the US release, in the hopes of attracting older female moviegoers back to theaters. Sony Pictures Classics is utilizing the same strategy as in 2021, with more virtual screenings and Q&As for academy voters, as well as quicker distribution to home platforms. Their documentary "Julia" was released on premium video-on-demand during the holidays. Despite many studios holding fancy premieres and parties in December with strict COVID protocols, January has seen a cancellation or virtual shift of many awards campaigning events like screenings and parties. Billboards with the message "For your consideration" can still be seen in Los Angeles, but in-person meet-and-greets are mostly on hold. Netflix, known for limited theatrical releases and not reporting box office results, is expected to have a strong presence in the award season this year with films like "Tick, Tick ... Boom," "The Power of the Dog," and "The Lost Daughter" competing for awards. Like other studios, Netflix has also shifted all in-person events in January to virtual. Sony Pictures Classics co-president Michael Barker noted that last year was challenging, and this year is also about adapting to the current situation. Barker, speaking from Manhattan instead of Palm Springs as planned, emphasized the need to adjust to the circumstances and anticipate what the future may hold. | 2 |
Xi recently stated during a visit to Xi’an Jiaotong University that great historical progress often occurs following significant disasters. He believes that China has been strengthened and developed through challenging times. Xi, who faced hardships in his youth, sees the pandemic as an opportunity to improve the party's reputation after initial mistakes led to a loss of control over infections. The state propaganda machine is supporting Xi's leadership in the fight against the pandemic. Xi now needs to turn his calls for unity into action, a theme likely to be emphasized at the National People's Congress, which opens on Friday after a long delay. He aims to resume the pre-pandemic agenda, including his commitment to eliminate extreme poverty by this year, while warning against complacency that could lead to a second wave of infections. He must accomplish all of this while the country is facing a challenging diplomatic and economic situation not seen since the Tiananmen Square crackdown in 1989. According to Carl Minzner, a professor at Fordham University, there is a lot of political risk for Xi if he fails to handle the job appropriately, as he has positioned himself as a great leader capable of guiding the country through difficult times. Despite some misgivings about the handling of the outbreak, Xi's portrayal of himself as an essential leader defending China against threats has garnered support from party members and the public. Jude Blanchette, an analyst at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, noted that the Chinese leadership would have been in a difficult position if time had been frozen on February 1st. Xi's first public appearance during the crisis came just two days after he ordered the lockdown of Wuhan, where the coronavirus outbreak originated, in late January. He led an unprecedented televised meeting of the country's highest political body, the Politburo Standing Committee, during a time when thousands were infected and many had died. The Chinese Communist Party's People's Daily published a detailed report of the emergency, stating that he confessed to having trouble sleeping the night before the Lunar New Year holiday. Xi also appeared to step back from his usual dominant role, allowing others to take the spotlight. One of China's top leaders, Premier Li Keqiang, was initially responsible for the government's emergency response during the crisis, possibly to shield himself from blame if the situation deteriorated. However, as China managed to control the outbreak, the party's propaganda shifted focus back to Xi, pushing Li into the background. Although Li will present the keynote report to the National People's Congress, it is expected that Xi will receive most of the media attention and will likely offer guidance to provincial leaders and delegates while reiterating policy priorities. Despite criticism, Xi does not appear to have been humbled by the initial failures in the country's response to the disease. He maintains that China has acted with transparency, responsibility, and openness throughout the crisis. Xi has cautioned that China is confronting a world that is becoming increasingly unpredictable. Despite his optimistic outlook for the future, he frequently balances this with warnings about potential economic crises, foreign conflicts, or political instability. In a recent address to the Politburo Standing Committee, he emphasized the importance of being prepared for prolonged changes in global conditions, particularly in light of the recent economic downturn in China. The increasing wealth of millions of Chinese people has been a key factor in the Communist Party's credibility for a long time. Xi has recently visited three provinces - Zhejiang, Shanxi, and Shaanxi - to shift the focus back to the policy agenda that existed before the coronavirus pandemic. Xi, dressed in his usual dark blue windbreaker and a mask indoors, has been touring factories, ports, government buildings, and tourist spots to promote a return to normalcy while implementing new measures to prevent the spread of infection. In rural villages, he has taken a particular interest in crops such as wood ear fungus and chrysanthemums, which are vital to his efforts to reduce poverty. He informed a group of villagers in Shaanxi that their wood ear fungus was well-known and could potentially lift them out of poverty. Despite the Communist Party's efforts to showcase China's success in overcoming the epidemic, a visit to Xi'an Jiaotong University revealed that life was still far from normal. The enthusiastic crowd of students and professors welcoming Xi appeared to be arranged, as the university was mostly closed. Xi humorously pointed out the discrepancy, eliciting some laughter from the crowd. (c.2020 The New York Times Company) | 2 |
Changla Mro and other women of the Mro ethnic group used to face dangerous treks through steep paths, risking encounters with snakes, wild pigs, and fishing cats while collecting water. However, since a water collection and treatment system was installed a year ago, providing water for 21 families in Bandarban district, these dangers are now a thing of the past. Changla Mro shared that two women were bitten by snakes while collecting water at night before the system was installed, but now they no longer fear such attacks. The increasing demands on the world's limited fresh water supply due to deforestation, climate change, and population growth are a global concern. Developing new methods to capture and preserve water is becoming increasingly important to ensure a consistent supply throughout the year. Women are seen collecting water at the community water treatment plant in Bandarban, according to Thomson Reuters Foundation. Water is a valuable resource in the Hill Tract area of Bangladesh, spanning 5,500 square miles and inhabited by both Bengali-speaking settlers and tribal people from 13 different ethnic groups. Deforestation has significantly reduced the soil's ability to retain water, resulting in water shortages during the dry season when surface water evaporates. This issue is particularly severe in the districts of Bandarban, Rangamati, and Khagrhachharhi, where the Mro community resides. Kangchag Mro, aged 50, used to struggle to find clean water in springs and streams, fearing diseases like diarrhoea and cholera. However, with the construction of a water treatment plant in her community, clean drinking water now flows from taps, making her life much easier. The plant, funded by the Arannayk Foundation, gets its water supply from a hillside reservoir located 500 meters away. The artificial reservoir gathers water from the hills and sends it through a pipeline to a treatment facility for purification. The efficient gravity flow water system, which doesn't need costly pumps, has led to plans for expanding its reach. Md Wali Ullah, the chief engineer of the Department of Public Health Engineering, mentioned that the government is looking into providing water to more indigenous communities in the Hill Tract region. Ullah added that his department has already submitted a proposal to other relevant government departments. In Bandarban, a stream flows, according to Thomson Reuters Foundation. Mro leader Khamchang Mro stated that his community has recognized the significance of forests, which serve as a reservoir for collecting rainwater during the monsoon and gradually releasing it into waterways. The community has been making efforts to preserve forested areas to maintain a steady supply of water to springs and canals throughout the year. "We have restored the damaged portion of our village forests," Khamchang Mro explained. "Consequently, our village forest is now in a better state." Farid Ahmed Khan, who serves as the executive director of Arannayk Foundation, emphasized that local communities must take action to safeguard their forests as there is no other option. Khan cautioned that the degradation of forests could lead to a serious water shortage. Women are seen collecting water at the community water treatment plant in Bandarban, as shown in images by Thomson Reuters Foundation. A stream can also be observed flowing in Bandarban, according to Thomson Reuters Foundation. | 2 |
The recent riots in Yamuna Vihar have created long-lasting divisions within the community, mirroring a larger trend of tensions over Prime Minister Narendra Modi's Hindu nationalist agenda. Many Hindus in the area, as well as other riot-affected districts in northeast Delhi, are boycotting Muslim merchants and workers. Muslims are struggling to find employment due to the economic pressures of the coronavirus pandemic. Yash Dhingra, a shop owner in Yamuna Vihar, has decided to only hire Hindu workers, citing the violent clashes that occurred in the area during the riots last month. The riots in the Indian capital, the most severe sectarian violence in decades, were sparked by a citizenship law that critics believe discriminates against the Muslim minority in India. According to police records, at least 53 people, the majority of whom were Muslims, were killed and over 200 were injured. Dhingra noted that the violence has had a lasting impact on Yamuna Vihar, with many homes destroyed and dangerous conditions remaining in the neighborhood. Hindu residents are now avoiding Muslim workers, impacting various professions such as cooks, cleaners, mechanics, and fruit sellers. "We have evidence to demonstrate that Muslims initiated the violence, and now they are pointing fingers at us," Dhingra claimed. "This is their typical behavior as they have criminal tendencies." These sentiments were widely echoed in conversations with 25 Hindus in eight neighborhoods in northeast Delhi, many of whom experienced significant financial losses or physical harm during the riots. Reuters also interviewed around 30 Muslims, the majority of whom reported that Hindus had chosen to no longer cooperate with them. Suman Goel, a 45-year-old homemaker who has been living among Muslim neighbors for 23 years, expressed that the violence had left her feeling stunned. "It feels odd to no longer feel a sense of belonging, to leave your house and not exchange smiles with Muslim women," she expressed. "I imagine they are experiencing similar feelings, but it is better to keep a distance." Mohammed Taslim, a Muslim who ran a shoe business from a shop owned by a Hindu in Bhajanpura, a neighborhood impacted by the riots, shared that his stock was ruined by a Hindu mob. He was subsequently forced out and his space was given to a Hindu businessman, he explained. Taslim stated, "This is happening solely because I am Muslim." Numerous Muslims believed that the attack was provoked by extremist Hindus in response to widespread protests in India against the new citizenship law. A Muslim research assistant in central Delhi named Adil expressed that safety and protecting their lives have become the top priority for the community, overshadowing concerns about careers, jobs, and businesses. He chose not to reveal his full name due to concerns about potential retaliation. Emboldened by Modi's overwhelming electoral victory in 2014, extremist groups have pushed for a Hindu-centric agenda that has marginalized the Muslim community in India. Vigilantes have targeted and killed Muslims involved in cow transportation, a sacred animal for Hindus. The government has taken a hardline stance towards Pakistan and revoked certain privileges for Jammu and Kashmir. The Supreme Court's decision in November allowed for the construction of a Hindu temple at Ayodhya, where a mosque was destroyed by a mob in 1992. The controversial citizenship law, which facilitates citizenship for non-Muslims from neighboring Muslim-majority countries, has led to widespread protests by Muslims and secular Indians. Modi's office did not provide a response to Reuters' inquiries regarding the recent violence. In the Delhi districts most affected by the unrest in February, Hindus and Muslims avoid each other during the day but are separated by barricades at night for safety. Some areas are even installing permanent barriers. Tarannum Sheikh, a schoolteacher residing in the Muslim enclave of Khajuri Khas, observed welders putting up a high gate at the entrance of her narrow lane one evening. She stated that the goal was to prevent Hindus from entering. She explained that they carry wooden batons to safeguard the entrance because they believe anyone could come into the alley to cause trouble. She also mentioned that they no longer have faith in the police. In the neighboring Hindu area of Bhajanpura, residents shared a similar lack of trust and feelings of insecurity. A 52-year-old grandmother named Santosh Rani expressed that the riots were necessary to bring Hindus together, as they had not realized they were surrounded by malicious individuals for many years. She mentioned that she had to lower her two grandchildren from the first floor of her house to the street below because her building was set on fire during the violence, allegedly by a Muslim. Rani, who owns multiple factories and retail shops, stated that the Muslims have pushed their limits this time and as a result, she will never hire them again. She also expressed that she will never forgive them. Hasan Sheikh, a tailor who has been sewing clothes for Hindu and Muslim women for more than 40 years, shared that Hindu customers came to pick up their unstitched clothes after the riots. Sheikh, who is Muslim, found it strange how their relationship ended. I and my female clients were not to blame, but the social atmosphere in this region is highly charged. Both sides have valid reasons for feeling hatred. | 2 |
Around the world, chickens and pigs are playing a role in reducing global warming, while cows and sheep still need to make progress in this area. These farm animals release a significant amount of methane, a powerful greenhouse gas that is often overlooked compared to carbon dioxide but is crucial in the fight against climate change. Government regulations and a UN-supported system of emission credits are proving to be profitable for investors, farmers, and major polluters like power plants looking to offset their greenhouse gas emissions, particularly carbon dioxide. This is because methane is much more effective at trapping heat in the atmosphere than carbon dioxide, and it is relatively easy to capture the gas from sources like animal waste, landfills, coal mines, or leaking natural gas pipelines. "A significant portion of global warming caused by greenhouse gases can be attributed to methane emissions since before the industrial era," stated climate scientist Paul Fraser from Australia, where livestock release large quantities of this gas. Methane levels in the atmosphere have risen by approximately 150 percent since 1750, surpassing natural levels from the past 650,000 years, according to the UN's climate panel. Human activities are primarily responsible for this increase. The panel will address strategies for reducing methane and other greenhouse gas emissions in a major report on climate change mitigation to be released in Bangkok in early May. Bill Hare, climate policy director for Greenpeace and a key contributor to the report, noted that reducing methane emissions may be more cost-effective than reducing carbon dioxide emissions. He stated that in the United States, there has been a significant amount of policy discussion focused on methane rather than more challenging issues like CO2 emissions from coal. The reason for this is that capturing methane from sources such as landfills, mines, fossil fuel production, and natural gas lines is relatively simple and economically viable. Methane, which is a key component of natural gas, can be burned for power generation. However, Hare noted that agriculture presents a greater challenge, particularly when it comes to methane emissions from livestock and rice agriculture. He emphasized that changing practices in agriculture to reduce methane emissions may take longer compared to industrial areas. Rice paddies and other irrigated crops, as well as natural wetlands, produce significant amounts of methane. Additionally, large quantities of methane are found in deposits under ice in sub-polar regions, permafrost, and under the sea. Many options are being explored to reduce methane emissions, such as additives for livestock and changing farming practices. Despite efforts, methane levels in the atmosphere have remained stable since around 1999, according to Fraser, who leads the Changing Atmosphere Research Group at Australia's Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. This is believed to be due to the fact that the drying of tropical wetlands is offsetting an increase in emissions from the oil and gas industry. It is uncertain how long this trend will continue. Many anticipate that methane emissions will eventually rise again due to the global demand for natural gas, rice, and cattle. This is why chicken manure and pig waste are in high demand. Through the UN's Kyoto Protocol, wealthy countries can meet their emissions targets by investing in projects that reduce greenhouse gases in developing countries, receiving carbon credits in exchange. This has led to significant investments in large pig farms in South America and poultry farms in India. The waste from these farms is processed in digesters to extract methane, which is then used to generate electricity or released as CO2. N Yuvaraj Dinesh Babu from the Singapore-based Carbon Exchange, which trades Kyoto carbon credits and facilitates emissions off-setting deals, noted a growing interest in such projects. The Kyoto system of emissions credits, overseen by the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, has gained popularity with numerous methane-abatement projects approved in recent years and more under consideration. However, Stephan Singer from the conservation group WWF believes this approach is not a complete solution. He argues that more focus should be placed on regulating carbon dioxide emissions and the origins of methane that are more difficult to control. Singer, who leads WWF's European Energy and Climate Policy Unit, stated that only half of all methane emissions are currently being managed, particularly from landfills, coal mines, and the oil and gas industry. He expressed concern about the rising methane levels produced by ruminant animals, primarily due to the growing demand for beef in a wealthier world. The Western diet significantly impacts the environment, with cattle in the US alone releasing 5.5 million tonnes of methane annually, making up 20 percent of the country's methane emissions according to the Environmental Protection Agency. In New Zealand, approximately 50% of all greenhouse gas emissions come from agriculture. Singer is most concerned about the potential sudden release of methane stored in sub-polar permafrost or large methane hydrate deposits under the sea. Although this has not yet occurred, there are concerns among scientists that it could happen in a warmer world. Singer believes that if methane hydrates were to leak, it would be catastrophic. | 2 |
French President Nicolas Sarkozy is meeting with unions on Wednesday in an attempt to reach an agreement on economic stimulus plans and prevent further protests due to increasing unemployment and declining growth. Over a million people protested across France recently, criticizing Sarkozy's policies and demanding better pay and job security. Unions are planning another protest next month. Sarkozy's stimulus plan of 26 billion euros has focused on public spending projects rather than directly helping consumers and workers, leading to calls from unions and the political left for a change in direction. A television appearance following the protests only served to weaken Sarkozy's support even further. In an article published in Saturday's edition of Le Figaro newspaper, which has close ties to Sarkozy, he was quoted as expressing concern that the outcome of his five-year term is in jeopardy. The French economy experienced a significant decline with a 1.2 percent drop in GDP in the last quarter of 2008, the largest decrease in 34 years, due to falling exports and reduced stock by retailers. Additionally, unemployment in December was 11 percent higher than the previous year. Protests have disrupted the French Caribbean islands of Guadeloupe and Martinique, as well as to a lesser extent, the Indian Ocean island of Reunion, as demonstrators call for higher minimum wage and lower food and fuel prices. There are concerns that these protests could spread further in the current tense atmosphere. According to an IFOP poll published in regional newspaper Sud-Ouest on Saturday, 63 percent of respondents believe that similar protests could soon occur on the mainland. The opposition Socialists are putting pressure on Sarkozy by calling for a 1 percentage point reduction in value-added tax and a 3 percent increase in the minimum wage to stimulate consumer spending. Despite economists' consensus on the necessity of such measures, Sarkozy is hesitant to meet union demands, leading to little hope for progress in preventing further protests. Unlike other countries, France has not taken significant action to boost purchasing power, a fact criticized by Socialist Dider Migaud. Sarkozy argues that increasing public debt should be reserved for investments in the future rather than funding consumer spending, which has traditionally driven French growth. He may point to the recent increase in household consumption as evidence that further incentives are unnecessary. Britain has reduced its value-added tax by 2 percentage points, a move criticized by Sarkozy in his television address, which angered Downing Street. Sarkozy has stated he is open to considering actions like lowering income tax and enhancing unemployment benefits, but his employment minister and social affairs adviser reiterated their opposition to raising the minimum wage. Employment Minister Laurent Wauquiez believes increasing the minimum wage is an outdated idea that could harm struggling companies. | 2 |
Japanese opposition leader Ichiro Ozawa resigned on Monday following a fundraising scandal, which had dampened his party's hopes for victory in the upcoming election. Despite the political stalemate and voter frustrations with Prime Minister Taro Aso, Ozawa's Democratic Party had been leading in polls until the scandal. Ozawa stated that he decided to resign in order to strengthen party unity and achieve a change in government. The Democratic Party aims to reduce bureaucrats' influence in policy-making, prioritize the rights of consumers and workers over corporate interests, and adopt a more independent diplomatic policy. Ozawa's departure is not expected to change the current political positions, but it may push the LDP to propose additional stimulus plans to attract voters. A 15 trillion yen spending package is already in the process of being approved by parliament. Financial markets were not significantly affected by Ozawa's resignation, with the yen trading slightly lower initially but remaining largely unchanged for the day. Aso, who has threatened to hold an early election if the Democrats obstruct debate on the budget, stated that Ozawa's resignation will not directly impact election timing. There has been speculation about a possible August election. Hidenori Suezawa, chief strategist at Daiwa Securities SMBC, mentioned that with Ozawa gone, Prime Minister Aso may increase economic stimulus efforts to attract voters instead of dissolving parliament. Analysts believe that while replacing Ozawa may boost the Democrats' electoral prospects, not all the negative impact will be quickly resolved. Independent political commentator Minoru Morita noted that people had been unhappy with Ozawa, and this change bodes well for the Democrats. Ozawa's departure may pave the way for a younger leader to take over, with potential candidates being former party leaders Katsuya Okada, known for advocating for stricter climate policies and seen as a top contender, and Seiji Maehara, an expert in conservative security policies. Other possible successors include Yukio Hatoyama and Naoto Kan, who are former leaders and deputies of Ozawa. Ozawa, a skilled campaign strategist, has been a major player in Japanese politics for nearly twenty years after leaving the LDP and helping to temporarily replace it with a pro-reform coalition. The impact of his resignation on the Democrats' chances depends, in part, on who replaces him and how smoothly the transition occurs. "It is a necessary step in addressing the party's image problem." Gerry Curtis, a Columbia University professor and expert in Japanese politics, raised the question of who the Democratic Party will choose as their next leader and how they will choose him, as well as how he will perform. A Democratic Party source indicated that the next leader is likely to be chosen through a vote among party lawmakers, possibly within a week or 10 days. A survey conducted by the Yomiuri newspaper before Ozawa's announcement, and published on Monday, revealed that the Democrats still held a slight lead over the LDP, but more than two-thirds of respondents questioned Ozawa's decision to stay on. Yukihiro Nakagawa, an executive at a precision machinery company, commented that he had planned to submit a blank paper when casting his vote if Ozawa had stayed, but now he is leaning towards voting for the Democrats after seeing what kind of policies they will promise. A survey conducted by the Yomiuri newspaper before Ozawa's announcement revealed that 30 percent of respondents would support the Democrats in the upcoming election, compared to 27 percent for the LDP. Some analysts believe that Ozawa's resignation could prompt discussions within the LDP about replacing the unpopular Aso, while others argue that finding a suitable successor may be difficult and Aso may try to retain his position. | 2 |
Maibam Sharat was walking with five friends past a security post in Manipur when Indian troops ordered them to put their hands up. A soldier then shot one of his friends, Ranbir, in the stomach. Despite pleas for medical help, the troops initially moved Ranbir to their camp. Four hours later, when they finally took him to the hospital, it was too late - Ranbir had succumbed to his injuries. Sharat believes the soldiers may have been acting out of frustration and anger following an attack by militants earlier that evening. Human rights organizations and political parties believe that the recent killing of Ranbir in Manipur is just one example of the many abuses committed by the military in the region under the protection of the controversial anti-terror law known as the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA). This law gives soldiers immunity from prosecution and has become a major issue as the state begins voting for a new legislature. Many parties agree that AFSPA should be either repealed or significantly modified. Sovakiran Singh, a legislator from the Heirok constituency where the killing occurred, stated that if his party comes to power, they will work to repeal AFSPA in the first session of the new legislature. It is possible for the government in New Delhi to overrule the state government and reinstate the law. Singh is hopeful that the government will heed the pressure coming from Manipur, where 20,000 people have lost their lives in a separatist uprising since the 1960s. The Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA) grants extensive authority to troops to search, detain, and eliminate suspected militants even in the absence of immediate danger. Troops can only be prosecuted with approval from the central government, which is rarely granted. This law was enacted in 1958 to combat separatist insurgency in northeast India, and the army argues that it provides essential protection from politically motivated accusations. However, human rights organizations claim that the powers given by AFSPA have created an environment where security forces commit violations with impunity, including torture, sexual assault, and murder. According to Pradip Phanjoubam, editor of the Imphal Free Press daily, the creation of more insurgents and increased anger is a result of the state's gross paranoia leading to the implementation of AFSPA. Despite claims from a top official of the Border Security Force that soldiers were retaliating against militant fire in the Nongpok Sekmai shooting, residents of the hamlet do not believe him. Manipur, located 1,500 miles away from New Delhi, is considered one of India's most troubled regions, yet it remains largely overlooked by the nation. Soldiers have been present in various areas, leading to instances of violence and unrest. Over the past five years, there have been multiple incidents where soldiers were accused of killing innocent individuals, resulting in public outrage and protests. Despite these demonstrations, the number of extrajudicial killings slightly increased last year, with 18 documented cases according to Babloo Loitongbam, the director of Manipur's Human Rights Alert. Phanjoubam and Loitongbam argue that instead of a military approach, New Delhi should prioritize a political solution to address the insurgency in Manipur and bring development to the underdeveloped state. However, it remains uncertain whether political parties will be successful in advocating for genuine change. The Congress party, currently in power in India and Manipur since 2002, has been indecisive about AFSPA. Sonia Gandhi, the party leader, assured Manipuris that the government is sincerely considering the recommendations of an expert panel that suggested changes to the law 18 months ago. However, many Manipuris are doubtful about any actual changes taking place. | 2 |
On October 16, the couple, who had planned to visit the Terracotta Warriors, tested positive for the coronavirus. Following this, China implemented lockdown measures in a city of 4 million people, as well as in smaller cities and parts of Beijing, in an effort to contain a new outbreak that has spread to over 240 individuals across 11 provinces and regions. The government has taken strict actions such as closing schools and tourist sites, and has closely tracked the movements of the infected couple and their contacts. This aggressive response reflects China's "zero COVID" policy, which has been successful in keeping the country's death toll below 5,000 since the start of the pandemic. The size of the recent outbreak in China may be small compared to other countries, but it is significant for China. China's strict policy of eradicating the virus sets it apart from the rest of the world, which is gradually reopening. Other countries like New Zealand and Australia, which previously had a zero tolerance approach, have shifted towards reopening. China remains the only country still focused on completely eliminating the virus. Mi Feng, a spokesperson for the National Health Commission, emphasized the importance of maintaining the policy of defending against both external importation and internal resurgence of the virus. "The current measures of control must remain in place. The stringent approach taken by the government is based on specific Chinese considerations. The strong export industry has supported the economy. The Communist Party's firm control allows for effective implementation of lockdowns and testing. Beijing is preparing to host the Winter Olympics in February, and the low number of cases has become a point of pride for many Chinese people." China's leader, Xi Jinping, has highlighted the country's successful containment efforts as evidence of the effectiveness of its governance model. However, experts, both within China and internationally, have cautioned that this approach may not be sustainable. There are concerns that China could face increasing isolation, both diplomatically and economically, as global public opinion turns against it. According to Lynette Ong, a political scientist at the University of Toronto, the Chinese regime believes it must maintain a 'zero COVID' policy in order to preserve its legitimacy, despite the significant costs involved. In the early stages of the pandemic, the Chinese Communist Party's ability to control the virus appeared crucial to its hold on power. China initially tried to hide the outbreak in Wuhan, which caused widespread public anger. However, as the virus spread globally, China's strict lockdowns and mass testing efforts were praised and seen as examples for other countries. Xi Jinping highlighted how quickly China was able to control its number of cases compared to western democracies. Anger over the early handling of the Wuhan outbreak was replaced by strong nationalism. Countries with "zero COVID" policies were praised for prioritizing saving lives over convenience and economic growth. Now, as the pandemic continues into its second year and the delta variant spreads, countries are reevaluating their approaches. Australia, which had the longest lockdown, is ending quarantine for vaccinated residents returning from abroad. New Zealand has recently given up on its zero-COVID goal. Singapore is allowing vaccinated tourists from countries like Germany, the United States, and France to travel without quarantine. However, China has decided not to follow suit. Despite suggestions from experts like Zhang Wenhong to learn to coexist with the virus, he faced severe criticism online. A former Chinese health minister labeled this mindset as dangerous. The government of Singapore fears any opposition to its belief that they have successfully managed the pandemic. She mentioned that outbreaks have become so common that they are no longer surprising, but Chinese authorities are keen on maintaining control to prevent any potential instability. China is also hesitant due to the fact that medical resources are mostly concentrated in large cities, making it difficult for remote areas to handle a sudden increase in cases. Despite China's high vaccination rate of 75%, questions have arisen about the effectiveness of their domestically produced vaccines. However, the public seems to be in favor of the elimination strategy, at least for the time being. Residents in areas under lockdown have expressed frustration with what they perceive as unfair and strict social media restrictions, while travel remains unrestricted in areas without COVID-19 cases. Wealthy consumers have shifted their spending towards luxury items and expensive cars instead of overseas trips. Some believe that as long as there is still some level of freedom to travel, strict COVID-zero policies are not viewed as overly severe by the local population. However, other countries that have opted to live with the virus may reconsider their approach if infection rates rise, as seen in Singapore which re-imposed restrictions in September after a surge in cases. However, despite this, the government is continuing with plans to implement travel lanes. Experts warn that the costs of aiming for zero cases will have consequences. China's economy is facing a slowdown, with domestic travel declining during a recent holiday due to a new cluster of cases. Retail sales have been inconsistent, fluctuating with the spread of the virus. Additionally, there may be diplomatic repercussions for the country. Xi has remained in China and avoided meeting with foreign visitors since early 2020, while other world leaders are preparing for summits in Rome and Glasgow. China's strict approach is also affecting Hong Kong, where leaders are aligning their COVID prevention policies with the mainland's, leading to the implementation of the world's longest quarantine. Despite concerns from business leaders about foreign firms leaving, some people support the restrictions but question whether there is a plan for exiting them. “If the current situation persists for an extended period, such as the pandemic lasting another five or 10 years or becoming endemic, it may be necessary to consider implementing new measures.” Some officials have suggested the idea of easing restrictions, albeit cautiously, in response to these concerns. Gao Fu, the director of China's Center for Disease Control and Prevention, mentioned in a recent interview that once the country reaches an 85% vaccination rate, it might be time to consider reopening. However, he acknowledged the sensitivity of the issue. In the meantime, individuals affected by lockdowns have been making the best of their circumstances. For example, approximately 10,000 tourists are currently stuck in Ejin Banner, Inner Mongolia, due to a lockdown. To offer some comfort, the local tourism association has promised them free access to three popular tourist sites within the next three years. Copyright 2021 The New York Times Company. | 2 |
In the lush forests of the picturesque Danube island of Persin, where the endangered sea eagle and pygmy cormorant reside, lies the grim remnants of a communist-era prison camp. Between 1949 and 1959, hundreds of individuals labeled as "enemies of the regime" met their end from abuse, starvation, and fatigue at Bulgaria's Belene concentration camp, where corpses were even fed to animals. Despite two decades passing since the collapse of communism, Belene has largely slipped from memory, with only a small memorial plaque recounting its tragic history. Meanwhile, a sense of longing for the past is on the rise in the small Balkan nation and throughout the former Soviet states. The shortcomings of capitalism in raising living standards, enforcing the rule of law, and curbing rampant corruption and favoritism have led to a nostalgia for a time when unemployment was nonexistent, food was affordable, and social security was strong. Rumen Petkov, a former guard turned clerk at the only remaining prison on Persin island, stated that the negative aspects of the past have been forgotten. He mentioned that there is a sense of nostalgia, especially among the older population, as he stood in front of the deteriorating buildings of a former jail that was opened after the camp shut down in 1959. In the 1980s, the communist regime imprisoned many ethnic Turks on the island for refusing to change their names to Bulgarian. Some young residents of Belene, a town connected to the island by a pontoon bridge, also reminisce about the past, with Anelia Beeva, 31, mentioning that life was better before with more access to holidays, clothes, shoes, and food. Currently, the largest portion of our earnings is being used for food expenses. Despite having university degrees, many individuals are without jobs and are choosing to move abroad. In Moscow, a number of Soviet-themed restaurants have emerged in recent times, hosting events where young individuals dress as pioneers and dance to communist music. Popular Soviet items like Champagne and Red October Chocolates are still commonly used for birthday parties. In the summer, "USSR" merchandise such as T-shirts and baseball caps are popular throughout the country. While there is little desire for the restoration of old regimes, analysts argue that apathy is a significant consequence. According to Bulgarian sociologist Vladimir Shopov, the negative impact of nostalgia is that it drains the motivation for meaningful change. Disillusionment with democracy is widespread in former communist eastern Europe, with polls showing a significant mistrust of the elites responsible for European Union citizenship. A recent regional poll by the US Pew Research Center indicated a decline in support for democracy and capitalism in Ukraine, Bulgaria, Lithuania, and Hungary. For example, only 30 percent of Ukrainians approved of the shift to democracy in 2009, compared to 72 percent in 1991. In Bulgaria and Lithuania, the percentage of the population affected by the economic downturn decreased from almost three-quarters in 1991 to just over half. Surveys conducted by the US-based human rights group Freedom House indicate a regression or standstill in corruption, governance, independent media, and civil society in the new EU member states. The global economic crisis has negatively impacted the region, ending years of growth and challenging the effectiveness of neoliberal capitalism advocated by the West. As a result, aspirations of catching up with wealthier Western countries have been replaced by feelings of unfairness due to an increasing wealth gap. A recent survey in Hungary, one of the countries hit hardest by the economic decline, found that 70 percent of adults who lived through the regime change in 1989 were disappointed with the outcomes. People in the former Yugoslav countries are feeling nostalgic for the socialist era of Josip Broz Tito, when they were able to travel across Europe without needing a visa. Belgrade pensioner Koviljka Markovic, 70, reflects on how life was better back then, with no street crime, secure jobs, and salaries that allowed for a decent standard of living. In Bulgaria, some are beginning to view the 33-year rule of the late dictator Todor Zhivkov as a golden era, compared to the corruption and crime that have plagued the country since his downfall. More than 60 percent of people believe that they had a better life in the past, despite having to wait in shopping queues, rely on social connections for valuable goods, and face restrictions on products like jeans and Coca Cola. Historians Andrei Pantev and Bozhidar Gavrilov noted in a book that for some Bulgarians, security was more important than freedom. Even though Bulgaria has been a member of the EU for almost three years, the average monthly salary and pension are still the lowest in the union. In comparison, countries like Poland and the Czech Republic, which joined the EU in 2004, also have lower incomes than those in western Europe. According to a 2008 survey by Gallup, Bulgaria, Serbia, and Romania were among the top 10 most unhappy countries in the world. Zsofia Kis, a 23-year old student in Budapest, mentioned that compared to our parents' generation, people these days always want more of everything. She highlighted how communist regimes artificially kept unemployment low, leading to greater satisfaction among the older generation. However, after two decades of difficult reforms, most people are now reluctant to make further sacrifices required for a complete overhaul of the economy and judiciary. This has resulted in demoralization and increased support for political parties that promise strong leadership. Former KGB agent Prime Minister Vladimir Putin referred to the collapse of the Soviet Union as the most significant geopolitical tragedy of the century. Critics of the Kremlin have accused the government of gradually glorifying the Soviet era in order to justify their restrictions on the press and political opposition. Historian Nikita Petrov from the Memorial human rights group stated that there is a deliberate effort to portray the Soviet regime in a positive light to appeal to the current generation. In Bulgaria, powerful individuals known as oligarchs who dominate entire industries have risen from the ranks of the former communist party and its feared secret services. The names of corrupt politicians and crime leaders are widely known, yet Bulgaria has not sentenced any high-ranking officials for corruption since 1989, and only one mafia boss has been imprisoned. Not a single person has been held accountable for the atrocities committed during the communist era. Common terms among Bulgarians include "dalavera" for fraud, "mutri" for unsightly mafia members, and "mente" for counterfeit goods. Many people are losing faith in the possibility of achieving success through honest means. Boriana Dimitrova of Bulgarian polling agency Alpha Research stated that success is completely criminalized, with a strong sense of injustice prevailing in Europe's poorest region, the Balkans. In this area, powerful parallel structures of authority operate without constraint. Some believe that while the old regime was repressive, it at least maintained law and order. Prime Minister Boiko Borisov of Bulgaria's centre-right populist GERB party won a decisive election victory in July by promising to end the culture of impunity. Analysts suggest that due to public discontent and economic recession, only populist governments can thrive in the region. Ivan Krastev from Sofia's Liberal Strategies Institute expressed that the widespread distrust in the political elite and institutions makes it difficult to persuade people to act under unpopular governments. Some in Bulgaria believe the West is being hypocritical by accepting former communists into positions of power. Critics point to the election of Irina Bokova, a former communist official and ambassador to Paris, as head of UNESCO as an example of this hypocrisy. Bokova's past in Moscow during communism helped her advance in her diplomatic career in the 1990s. Despite this, some in Eastern Europe feel they have successfully adopted capitalist values, particularly in their pursuit of material wealth. During the prosperous years, a significant portion of the loans obtained were used to purchase luxurious items such as cars, yachts, TVs, clothes, cosmetic surgeries, and vacations in foreign countries. The trend of adopting Western practices extended to naming babies and airing reality shows like "Big Brother" on television. Bulgarian artist Nikola Manev, residing in Paris, expressed concerns about the Americanization of Bulgaria, noting the prevalence of English language and American-themed establishments. Manev questioned the need to abandon traditional Bulgarian names and cultural identity in favor of foreign influences. He observed that while there have been many new developments on the surface such as buildings, shops, and cars, people's overall mood has worsened, with increased aggression and unhappiness. To address this, he suggested turning to spiritual remedies. Additionally, for the first time in a long time, tickets for shows at Sofia's theaters are selling out weeks in advance this autumn. | 2 |
The journalists Maria Ressa of the Philippines and Dmitry Muratov of Russia were honored for their brave efforts to defend freedom of speech, a crucial element for democracy and peace. The committee praised them as symbols of all journalists who fight for this cause in a world where democracy and press freedom are increasingly under threat. Ressa, a Fulbright scholar and Time magazine Person of the Year in 2018, has been a vocal critic of her country's authoritarian president, Rodrigo Duterte. Through Rappler, the investigative journalism company she co-founded, Ressa has exposed corruption in the government and investigated the financial dealings of top politicians. The committee also commended Rappler's work on the violent anti-drug campaign led by the Duterte government, which they likened to a war against the country's own people. Ressa and Rappler have shown how social media is used to spread fake news, harass opponents, and manipulate public discourse. Ressa, the 18th woman to win the Peace Prize in its 120-year history, expressed hope that the award acknowledges the challenges journalists face today. Muratov has been defending freedom of speech in Russia for many years, despite facing increasing difficulties. The Kremlin responded to news of the award by cracking down on critics, labeling them as "foreign agents." Despite facing harassment, threats, and violence, Muratov's independent newspaper Novaya Gazeta has persevered in publishing. Since the newspaper's establishment, six of its journalists have been killed, according to the committee, who mentioned Anna Politkovskaya, known for her articles on the Chechnya war. The committee highlighted editor-in-chief Muratov's commitment to the newspaper's independent stance despite threats and violence. Muratov has consistently defended journalists' right to write freely as long as they adhere to ethical standards. Many Russian dissidents had expected the Nobel Prize to be awarded to Alexei Navalny, the imprisoned opposition leader, and were disappointed when he was not selected. Muratov expressed surprise at receiving the award and admitted he would have given it to Navalny. He revealed that he missed several calls from Norway before the announcement, and his press secretary informed him moments before. He mentioned that he would give a portion of the prize money to support the fight against spinal muscular atrophy, a cause he has long supported, as well as to help journalism resist pressure from Russian authorities. Muratov stated in a radio interview on Friday that the battle against the media is not a battle against the media itself, but against the people. This year marked only the third occasion in the 120-year history of the prize where journalists were recognized for their efforts towards peace. Ernesto Moneta, an Italian newspaper editor and peace movement leader, was awarded the prize in 1907. Carl von Ossietzky, a German journalist, pacifist, and opponent of Nazism who was imprisoned by Hitler, received the prize in 1935. The Nobel committee selected from a large pool of 329 candidates, including climate-change activists, political dissidents, and scientists who contributed to fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. The committee emphasized the importance of free and independent journalism in safeguarding against abuse of power, lies, and war propaganda. They stated that freedom of expression and press are essential for promoting peace between nations, disarmament, and creating a better world order. | 2 |
In the October issue of GQ, Paul McCartney opened up in a series of conversations, showing a more unscripted and relaxed side of himself. He shared stories that were both revealing for readers and fans, and also helped soften his long-standing image as a legendary figure. This level of transparency required him to answer questions and engage in give-and-take for the profile. However, not all major stories require this level of openness from their subjects, as seen in the September issue of Vogue featuring Beyoncé on the cover. The article accompanying this text is titled "Beyoncé in Her Own Words," which is a collection of short comments by Beyoncé on various topics such as motherhood, body acceptance, and touring. Anna Wintour describes it as a "powerful essay" written by Beyoncé herself, with minimal input from a journalist. While fans may not mind, this approach could be a concern for those who appreciate the depth and context that interviews can provide in celebrity journalism. The trend of famous pop music performers avoiding the press is not limited to just a few instances. Taylor Swift, Drake, and Frank Ocean have all kept their distance from the media, with Swift not giving a substantial interview to a print publication in at least two years. Instead, they rely on social media to share one-sided narratives or remain silent altogether. A monologue, rather than a dialogue, is changing the role of celebrity press. Since the 1960s, in-depth interviews have been important for creating stars and maintaining their celebrity status. Artists continued to interact with the media even after reaching the height of fame, as answering questions was seen as part of their job. This was how they explained themselves and their work to the public, such as John Lennon discussing the Beatles' breakup, Tupac Shakur speaking from jail, or Courtney Love after Kurt Cobain's death. It used to be enlightening for fans and a mark of prestige for celebrities, especially when interviews were confrontational. Artists like Ice Cube and Madonna thrived in these situations, showing themselves to be thoughtful, unafraid of challenges, and aware of their public image. However, this dynamic was more common when print media had more influence and before the internet and TMZ took over the narrative. The constant scrutiny of celebrities' lives led to a decline in their openness. This shift doesn't necessarily mean the end of traditional celebrity journalism. The pressure on celebrity journalism from higher up may not be as significant as the threat emerging from below, where a new generation of celebrities, such as YouTube stars and SoundCloud rappers, are sharing their lives on social media in their own way, without the need for traditional interviews. This generation values instant and messy documentation over the more intimate and behind-the-scenes approach of traditional celebrity journalism. A prime example is rapper Lil Xan, who has been sharing his personal dramas online, from health issues to relationships, without waiting for traditional media to catch up. In today's world, social media posts have taken over the role that used to be reserved for revealing interviews. Celebrities like Ariana Grande, XXXTentacion, and Logan Paul have turned to platforms like Instagram and YouTube to share their personal stories and apologies without facing much scrutiny. This trend has created a safe space for young celebrities to communicate directly with their fans, surpassing traditional media outlets in terms of audience reach and engagement. As a result, celebrity journalism is facing a challenging dilemma, as the most famous individuals bypass traditional media entirely, while newer celebrities have grown up in a digital age where traditional journalism holds little relevance. As time passes, the middle ground may disappear completely. Additionally, there is now a variety of content being produced, making it challenging for consumers to distinguish between original reporting and aggregated content, as well as content from journalistic outlets and brands. This lack of clarity is prompting celebrities to move away from traditional media where they have less control over the final product. With the decline of old media, the new media ecosystem is often seen as a way to correct or distract from the situation. For example, Selena Gomez is featured on the cover of Elle this month with a relatively harmless story. When the interview was published online, she responded with a lengthy Instagram post expressing her frustration. She mentioned that it was difficult for her to speak freely for over an hour to someone who then turned her thoughts into paid content. She emphasized the importance of having her own voice as she gets older. She listed the topics she wanted to focus on in the interview and criticized the media for focusing too much on her personal life and church. She noted the imbalance of power between celebrities and the press, leading publications to resort to desperate measures to maintain access to famous individuals. This includes celebrities editing special issues of magazines. Swift was on the cover of Harper's Bazaar this year, where she conducted an interview with rock muse Pattie Boyd. Rihanna also took her own photo for The Fader's cover in 2015, with the help of a professional photographer. This act was a commentary on fame and the cover star taking control of their own image. If these options are not possible, magazines can have a friend of the celebrity conduct the interview. In the magazine Elle, Jennifer Lawrence had a conversation with Emma Stone. Gigi Hadid's Harper's Bazaar May cover interview was conducted by Blake Lively. Cleo Wade, an Instagram affirmation specialist, interviewed Katy Perry for the March Glamour cover. The magazine Interview, known for celebrity interviews, has been revived, with Raf Simons speaking with George Condo in the comeback issue. Jennifer Jason Leigh also talks to Phoebe Cates in the same issue. The friend being interviewed does not have to be a famous person. The current feature in Rolling Stone with the private pop star Sia is written by a self-proclaimed longtime friend of hers, while New York magazine's recent interview with Soon-Yi Previn, Woody Allen's wife, was conducted by a longtime friend of Allen. These stories rely on the idea of close friendships to provide insight, rather than maintaining objectivity as a journalist. The unwritten agreement in celebrity profiles is that the journalist represents the reader, not the subject. However, in the pursuit of exclusivity, ethical standards are often ignored. Friendship should not be a requirement for interviews, but rather a hindrance. This can prevent fans from experiencing challenging conversations and missing out on the full complexity of the interview subjects. It is a missed opportunity for both curiosity and for the interviewees to be fully explored. Sadly, instead of engaging in probing conversations, many stars have become closed off. This is disappointing as it means that important questions are left unasked and unanswered. Text = The New York Times News Service copyright 2018. | 2 |
The dramatic improvements in air and water quality resulting from coronavirus lockdowns have led to calls for a low-carbon future, but the need to restart economies is complicating the environmental outlook. Wildlife has been seen returning to city streets, with wolves, deer, and kangaroos appearing in normally busy areas. Fish have reappeared in Venice canals previously polluted by motor boats, and residents in some Indian cities have reported seeing the Himalayas for the first time in decades. Satellite images show significant air quality improvements in Europe and Asia, including China, but there are concerns that pollution levels will rise again as the economy reopens. "In the latter part of the year, as the epidemic subsides and factories reopen, the weather will gradually worsen," stated Tang Zhiwei, a 27-year-old resident of Shanghai. "Make the most of the clear blue skies while you can." Greta Thunberg emphasized that addressing the coronavirus crisis does not mean the climate emergency has disappeared. She stressed the need to address both crises simultaneously. UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres urged governments to use their economic responses to the pandemic to also address the urgent issue of climate change. The global battle is brewing between investors supporting "green stimulus" measures and industry lobbyists trying to weaken climate regulations, prompting Guterres to warn governments against bailing out heavily polluting industries. Guterres emphasized the importance of addressing the planet's environmental crisis on Earth Day, alongside the focus on the COVID-19 pandemic. Peter Betts, a former lead climate negotiator, highlighted the need for coronavirus economic stimulus packages to prioritize being "low-carbon, climate-smart". Betts also expressed concern that some governments may prioritize jumpstarting the economy and creating jobs over environmental considerations. US President Donald Trump considers it a top priority to revive America's oil and gas industry and ensure that it remains strong in the future. He tweeted his commitment to supporting these important companies and jobs with a plan to provide funds. Climate change concerns have been increasing, with last year being the hottest on record in Europe due to high levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. C3S director Carlo Buontempo stated that the warming trend is now undeniable worldwide, leading to an increase in the frequency of record-breaking events. The head of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) mentioned that the coronavirus pandemic is projected to decrease carbon dioxide emissions by 6% this year, marking the largest drop since World War Two. However, the WMO emphasized that this reduction in emissions will not halt climate change, stating that COVID-19 should not be seen as a replacement for ongoing efforts to combat climate change. Due to many people staying at home, air quality has gotten better in China. Emissions in Shanghai decreased by almost 20% in the first quarter, and in Wuhan, where the outbreak began, monthly averages dropped by over a third. However, experts are concerned that this decline may lead China to ignore pollution in order to boost the economy, which experienced its first decline ever in the first quarter. | 2 |
The Norwegian politician who proposed it announced that WikiLeaks has been nominated for the 2011 Nobel Peace Prize, even though the deadline for nominations has already passed. The Norwegian Nobel Committee accepts nominations until February 1st, with panel members having until the end of the month to make their own suggestions. According to Norwegian parliamentarian Snorre Valen, WikiLeaks has played a significant role in promoting freedom of speech and transparency in the 21st century by revealing information about corruption, human rights violations, and war crimes. Valen believes that WikiLeaks is a strong candidate for the Nobel Peace Prize. Nominations can be made by members of national parliaments, law or political science professors, and previous winners. The committee chose not to provide a statement regarding the WikiLeaks proposal or any other nominations. Washington is outraged at WikiLeaks and its founder Julian Assange for releasing confidential documents and diplomatic cables that have reportedly harmed US interests overseas, including peace efforts. Assange, an Australian, is facing extradition to Sweden from Britain for questioning in a sexual assault case, which he and his supporters believe is a deliberate attempt to shut down WikiLeaks, a non-profit organization supported by the public and human rights groups. Awarding WikiLeaks the Nobel Prize would likely spark criticism of the Nobel Committee, which has faced controversy for its recent selections of jailed Chinese pro-democracy activist Liu Xiaobo and President Barack Obama shortly after his election. The definition of the Nobel Prize, established by Alfred Nobel, the Swedish inventor of dynamite, states that it should be given to those who have made significant contributions to promoting peace and unity between nations, reducing standing armies, and supporting peace conferences. In recent years, the committee appointed by the Norwegian parliament has expanded Nobel's criteria to include human rights, climate activism, and micro-financing. This has been criticized by traditionalists. Observers believe that awarding a prize to WikiLeaks would emphasize the growing importance of specialized internet platforms and social media in driving global change. Platforms like Twitter and YouTube have played significant roles in mobilizing citizens, particularly in countries with restrictive official media like Egypt. Kristian Berg Harpviken of the PRIO peace think tank in Oslo suggested that this year's Nobel Prize could focus on the innovative use of technology for peace, and he anticipated that a woman would be the recipient after a string of male winners. He predicted that the prize could go to the Russian human rights organization Memorial and its leader, Svetlana Gannushkina. | 2 |
Senior EU officials will visit Turkmenistan this week to enhance collaboration with Central Asia, a region abundant in energy resources that is crucial to Europe's goal of diversifying its energy sources and reducing reliance on Russia. EU External Relations Commissioner Benita Ferrero-Waldner, along with the French and Slovenian foreign ministers, will convene with their Central Asian counterparts in Ashgabat on April 9-10 to discuss various topics including fuel and democracy. Despite being home to significant oil and gas reserves, the region is known for its authoritarian governments, leading to criticism from the West regarding democracy and human rights issues. The EU views Central Asia as a promising energy source as it aims to lessen its dependence on Russia, which currently supplies a quarter of the bloc's energy needs. The EU has stated that the implementation of its strategy is progressing, and it is collaborating with regional partners on joint priorities papers for future actions. Some activists and politicians claim that the West prioritizes energy over democracy in their dealings with Central Asia, a charge that has been denied by Western governments. Human Rights Watch, based in the U.S., has called on the EU to prioritize the promotion of human rights in Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan in their regional policies. The organization believes that Central Asia is home to some of the most oppressive states from the former Soviet Union and that the EU should work towards making improvements in the region. They suggest that setting clear benchmarks will help guide the strategy. Kazakhstan, with its strong economy and stable investment climate, is of particular interest to Western nations in the region. It has received significant investment but has never had an election considered free and fair by Western observers. Turkmenistan, which has been isolated for many years, is slowly beginning to open up and has expressed interest in strengthening ties with the West and implementing more reforms. However, experts are skeptical about the new president's dedication to real change. In 2007, Uzbekistan was labeled by the United States as one of the "most systematic human rights violators" in the world, but this year it received praise from Western countries for releasing six imprisoned activists and showing a greater willingness to address human rights issues. Human Rights Watch acknowledged that some positive developments in the region are deserving of recognition and support. However, the focus should not be solely on these incidents, as they do not overshadow the overall dire situation of human rights in each Central Asian country and the region as a whole. | 2 |
Emily Cunningham and Maren Costa, former employees of Amazon, stated that as part of a settlement, Amazon will need to pay them back wages and inform all of its tech and warehouse workers nationwide that they cannot be fired for organizing and exercising their rights. The pair sees this agreement as a victory for protecting workers' rights. They claim they were terminated last year for advocating for Amazon to reduce its impact on climate change and improve conditions for warehouse workers. Amazon contends that the former employees violated internal policies. Amazon spokesperson Jose Negrete announced on Wednesday that a mutual agreement has been reached to resolve the legal issues in this case. This settlement comes at a critical time for Amazon as the company aims to be a top employer and plans to hire a large number of workers in the United States. In 2018, Costa and Cunningham, who worked as designers at Amazon's Seattle headquarters, were part of a group that urged the company to address its environmental impact. They formed Amazon Employees for Climate Justice and garnered support from over 8,700 colleagues. Over time, Cunningham and Costa expanded their demonstrations. When Amazon informed them that they had breached its policy on external communications by discussing the company publicly, their group mobilized 400 employees to do the same, intentionally breaking the policy to demonstrate a point. During the early stages of the pandemic, they scheduled an internal event for warehouse workers to communicate with tech employees about their safety conditions at work. Shortly thereafter, Amazon terminated the employment of both women. Senator Elizabeth Warren of Massachusetts wrote a letter to Amazon expressing concerns about potential retaliation, and Tim Bray, an internet pioneer and former vice president at Amazon's cloud computing division, resigned in protest. This spring, attorneys from the National Labor Relations Board determined that Costa and Cunningham were terminated in retaliation for their organizing efforts. The NLRB's Seattle office then filed a case against Amazon, alleging that the company selectively enforced its policies to restrict employees from participating in protected activities. The hearing, originally set to begin on Tuesday, was postponed as the parties negotiated a settlement. This case is just one of many disputes Amazon has had with the labor board during the pandemic. In a notable instance in August, a hearing officer recommended that the NLRB invalidate a union election at an Amazon facility in Bessemer, Alabama, citing interference by the company. Amazon denies any wrongdoing and plans to appeal if the regional labor board office upholds the recommendation to overturn the election. | 2 |
The International Monetary Fund's largest-ever distribution of monetary reserves will offer additional liquidity for the global economy, supplementing member countries' foreign exchange reserves and reducing their dependence on expensive domestic or external debt, according to Georgieva. The allocation is seen as a significant boost for the world and, if managed wisely, a unique opportunity to address the current crisis. Countries can use the SDR allocation to support their economies and enhance their efforts against the coronavirus crisis, but should not use the fiscal space to postpone necessary economic reforms or debt restructuring, as advised by the IMF. Member countries of the IMF will receive SDRs in accordance with their existing quota shareholdings in the fund. Georgieva mentioned that around $275 billion of the allocation will go to emerging market and developing countries, while approximately $21 billion will be allocated to low-income countries. Georgieva suggested that the IMF was advising wealthy countries who receive SDRs to redirect them to poorer countries in need. One option is for wealthier nations to donate SDRs to the IMF's Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust for low-income countries. The IMF is also considering creating a Resilience and Sustainability Trust to assist vulnerable countries with structural changes, such as addressing climate change, using channeled SDRs. Another option is to use SDRs to support lending by multilateral development banks. The last distribution of SDRs by the IMF was in 2009, when member countries received $250 billion in SDR reserves to help mitigate the global financial crisis. In order for countries to use their SDRs, they must first trade them for actual hard currencies by finding another country willing to make the exchange. | 2 |
A Malaysian politician from the ruling party has recommended that an electoral reform activist be executed. Outside the residence of an opposition state leader, fake funeral ceremonies are conducted. At a political rally, eggs and rocks are thrown. Malaysia is accustomed to political scandals and mud-slinging, but the increase in aggressive language and violence, particularly targeting the opposition, has surprised even experienced observers as the country approaches its most fiercely contested election in April. Lim Guan Eng, the Chinese chief minister of Penang state and a prominent figure in Malaysia's opposition, expressed concern about the upcoming election potentially being the most corrupt and violent. Supporters of the ruling party-linked group Perkasa performed a funeral ritual outside Lim's home in May, which his followers interpreted as a death threat. The escalating political tensions coincide with indications that Malaysia's ruling coalition, in power since the country's independence in 1957, may struggle to improve upon its previous poor electoral performance in 2008. This performance resulted in the opposition gaining control of five state governments and the removal of then prime minister Abdullah Badawi. A source within the dominant United Malays National Organization (UMNO) revealed to Reuters that recent internal polling indicated that the coalition was struggling to regain its two-thirds majority and was even at risk of losing its simple majority. The polls showed that the coalition could potentially lose more states and was facing a closer race than expected in southern Johor state, a stronghold for UMNO, due to decreasing support from ethnic Chinese voters. The senior UMNO source expressed concern over the potential impact of these results, stating that it would be a significant setback. The delay in elections was attributed to these challenges. Independent polls by the Merdeka Centre showed that although Prime Minister Najib Razak had a strong approval rating of around 65 percent, the coalition's popularity was much lower at around 48 percent. Najib has delayed calling for the election, which must take place by next April, indicating his uncertain confidence in surpassing the results of 2008. Ooi Kee Beng, deputy director of the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies in Singapore, stated that "UMNO understands that their grip on power is not guaranteed," suggesting a potential shift in power unlike anything seen since 1969. This year marked by racial unrest following significant election victories by ethnic Chinese, resulting in the establishment of economic advantages for ethnic Malays over Chinese and Indian minorities. Relentless hate speech has prompted the opposition to file a police report against UMNO lawmaker Mohamad Aziz. This came after he questioned in parliament whether Ambiga Sreenevasan, a prominent electoral reform campaigner, should be executed for treason. Aziz later retracted his statement, but faced no consequences from the party leadership. Sreenevasan, who has received an International Woman of Courage award, has reported receiving death threats and has taken measures to increase her security, including hiring a bodyguard and installing security cameras at her home in Kuala Lumpur. The ethnic Indian activist has also been subjected to calls for her Malaysian citizenship to be revoked and has been labeled the "anti-Christ" by the right-wing Perkasa group. Sreenevasan expressed her disappointment at the continuous hate speech and lack of action from the leadership. Despite leading a protest for electoral reforms in Kuala Lumpur, she faced further backlash from former soldiers and market traders camping outside her house, some of whom resorted to disrespectful behavior. Najib's acquaintances portray him as a gentleman who avoids engaging in dirty politics. However, the opposition criticizes him for not strongly condemning acts of violence and intimidation, which they believe has emboldened extremists. Following a controversial remark in parliament, he cautioned coalition MPs against making statements that could offend other races or component parties. Malaysia's Home Minister acknowledged the existence of political intimidation in the current politically charged environment. Lim, a member of the opposition who was detained for 18 months in 1986 and later spent a year in prison for sedition, criticized the government for going beyond merely approving of the policy. He accused Barisan Nasional of actively supporting and condoning such acts. Anwar Ibrahim, the opposition leader who was imprisoned on what he claims were false charges, blamed UMNO for an incident where his car was pelted with stones by a group of youths in February. Anwar's daughter, opposition MP Nurul Izzah Anwar, described how a rally in her constituency was disrupted by men throwing rocks, water bottles, and eggs, resulting in injuries. This event was one of many opposition rallies that have been disrupted, sometimes violently, in recent months. It is not clear who was responsible for the attacks, however, opposition leaders are unhappy with the police's lack of action in apprehending the perpetrators or promptly addressing the violence. | 2 |
Chief adviser Fakhruddin Ahmed urged people to conserve energy and reduce wastage of gas and electricity in order to bridge the gap between supply and demand. Speaking at a workshop and exhibition on "Energy Conservation and Renewable Energy Programmes" at Dhaka Sheraton Hotel, Fakhruddin emphasized the importance of using energy-efficient lighting, implementing energy-saving technology in industries, and tapping into renewable energy sources like solar and wind power. He noted that the promotion of energy conservation and renewable energy technology has gained popularity worldwide due to the rising prices of petroleum products. Fakhruddin highlighted the growing awareness of the impact of climate change and the depletion of natural resources globally, stating that Bangladesh is also affected by this trend. The CA mentioned that the government was working on a draft of the Energy Conservation Act, which would include provisions in the building code to promote energy efficiency and conservation in buildings. Some of these provisions would involve shading buildings from sunlight, using energy-efficient air-conditioners and coolers, insulation materials, lights, and appliances. The government had been providing financial and technical support for solar home systems through implementing agencies, and had reduced import duty on solar panels from 5 percent to 3 percent. The government was also looking into other applications of solar energy, such as water heating, irrigation pumping, and street lighting, according to Fakhruddin. The CA mentioned that the government is interested in promoting private investments in economic sectors and encouraging public-private partnerships in the energy sector. They are also looking into adopting policies for the installation of merchant power plants by the private sector, which would allow small power plants, captive power plants, and merchant power plants to sell power to customers of their choice. The Bangladesh Energy Regulatory Commission will be responsible for overseeing this. Fakhruddin expressed hope that the workshop would generate new and creative ideas for promoting energy conservation and the use of renewable energy in the country. | 2 |
The world's oldest and longest-reigning monarch spent a night in the hospital on Wednesday but returned to Windsor Castle the next day. Officials said she was in good spirits and back to work. The queen had been advised by medical staff to rest, but her illness was not related to COVID-19. She attended hospital for preliminary investigations on Wednesday and returned to Windsor Castle on Thursday. The palace did not provide details on the reason for the medical attention, and some royal correspondents hoped for a more complete explanation. Prime Minister Boris Johnson sent his best wishes and said the queen was back working at her desk. Johnson informed reporters that Queen Elizabeth was back working at her desk in Windsor, according to a royal source. The source explained that the queen had stayed at the King Edward VII hospital in London for practical reasons and that her medical team had been cautious. The source mentioned that she is now resting and performing light official duties. Despite being queen of multiple realms, including Australia, Canada, and New Zealand, Elizabeth returned to work on Thursday afternoon and was handling light duties, the source added. Elizabeth, who became queen during a time when Britain was losing its imperial power, has represented stability to generations of British people and has helped maintain the popularity of the monarchy despite significant political, social, and cultural changes that could have made it seem outdated. Her quiet and diligent commitment to her duties, even in her old age, has earned her respect both in Britain and abroad, even from those who wish to abolish the monarchy. Elizabeth hosted a drinks reception at Windsor on Tuesday night for billionaire business leaders, including Bill Gates, following a green investment conference convened by Prime Minister Boris Johnson before the COP26 climate summit. Alongside her son Prince Charles and grandson Prince William, she welcomed guests such as US climate envoy John Kerry without wearing masks. The queen, dressed in a teal skirt and jacket with pearls, was seen smiling and chatting with guests, including Johnson. Despite her upcoming 70th year on the throne, she is known for her strong health. The most recent time she was known to have stayed in the hospital was in 2013 due to symptoms of gastroenteritis. In 2018, she underwent a successful surgery for an eye cataract and in 2003, she had a knee operation. Although royal officials avoid discussing health issues, she has continued to fulfill her official duties despite the death of her husband, Prince Philip, in April at the age of 99. Her advancing age has led her to delegate more responsibilities to Charles and other members of the royal family. Recently, she was spotted using a walking stick in public for the first time since her knee operation. She not only suffered the loss of her husband, whom she referred to as her source of support, but also faced the resignation of her second son Prince Andrew due to his connection to US financier Jeffrey Epstein, a convicted sex offender who died in a Manhattan jail in 2019. Additionally, her grandson Prince Harry and his wife Meghan have distanced themselves from royal duties by relocating to Los Angeles and criticizing Buckingham Palace. Queen Elizabeth's upcoming significant event is welcoming world leaders to the opening of COP26 in Glasgow at the end of the month. | 2 |
The United Nations stated that investing in energy efficiency for power plants, buildings, and cars is the most effective way to combat global warming, despite the high cost of hundreds of billions of dollars. According to a UN report presented at a meeting in Vienna with delegates from 158 nations, developing countries can reduce greenhouse gas emissions more affordably than wealthy nations. The report also highlighted that the necessary funds to stabilize emissions by 2030 would represent a small percentage of projected GDP or global investment flows. Yvo de Boer, the head of the U.N. Climate Change Secretariat, emphasized the importance of energy efficiency in reducing greenhouse gases in the short term. The 216-page report was recently released online and could provide guidance for governments meeting in Austria to address long-term strategies for combating global warming beyond the UN's Kyoto Protocol. The protocol requires 35 wealthy nations to limit greenhouse gas emissions by 2008-2012. The report suggests that around $200 billion to $210 billion in additional investments and financial flows will be needed by 2030 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to current levels. This includes actions related to energy supply, forestry, and transportation. Improving energy efficiency in power plants and implementing measures like enhancing fuel efficiency in vehicles or increasing insulation in buildings could help achieve this goal. The study predicts a transition to renewable energy sources like solar and hydropower, as well as some nuclear power. It also projects that investments in helping countries adapt to the effects of climate change will amount to tens of billions of dollars in 2030, including measures like increased disease treatment and beach protection. The report suggests that carbon markets must be expanded to meet the demand for more investments and financial support. Currently, companies are accountable for approximately 60 percent of worldwide investments. Experts noted that this report is the first of its kind to outline the necessary investments for a single year, specifically 2030. The report addresses some of the gaps in the overall understanding of climate change provided by previous reports, such as one by former World Bank chief economist Nicholas Stern who argued that it would be more cost-effective to address climate change now rather than waiting to deal with its consequences. U.N. reports this year have also predicted that global warming will result in more heat waves, droughts, disease, disruptions to agriculture, and rising sea levels. De Boer emphasized the need for increased investments in developing nations, stating that the majority of cost-effective opportunities lie in these countries. He also noted that this does not mean that wealthy nations should only focus on investing abroad rather than domestically, as more than half of the required energy investments are needed in developing countries. China is increasing its coal-fired power plants by two every week to support its expanding economy. The speaker suggested that investing in cleaner technology, like removing carbon emissions and storing them underground, would be beneficial. | 2 |
After decades of unfulfilled promises, a paved road linking Kenya to Ethiopia is finally becoming a reality for a remote desert region. Chinese road engineers are working to replace a challenging rock track with tarmac, connecting Kenya's farms and port to landlocked Ethiopia. This road, part of the Great North Road project, has remained unpaved for years but China is now taking the lead in its construction. This major trade route will open up the previously isolated northern region of Kenya, which has been inaccessible for a century. China's interest in securing resources and opportunities in Africa is aligning with Kenya's goal of developing untapped regions. The construction of a new road in a beautiful but impoverished area is expected to bring economic benefits such as increased tourism and trade. China Wu Yi is building the road with funding from the African Development Bank and the Kenyan government. It is estimated that paving the road between Isiolo and Moyale could increase trade between Kenya and Ethiopia significantly. Last year, trade between China and Kenya saw a substantial increase. The tarmac of the Cape-to-Cairo road disappears at the edge of the pavement in Isiolo, marking the boundary of what residents consider the frontier between two parts of Kenya. Residents of this border town feel disconnected from the rest of the country, with hopes that improvements to the road will boost tourism and bring in more revenue for the community. However, there are individuals who are wary of China's intentions, echoing the uncertainty that many Africans have towards the Asian powerhouse's investment efforts. Some residents in countries like Zambia believe that China is engaging in a form of modern colonization by exploiting Africa's resources and flooding the market with cheap products. China refutes these claims, citing a longstanding 50-year history of trade and collaboration with Kenya. The Chinese are currently focused on reconstructing the initial segment of the Isiolo-Moyale road to facilitate the transportation of heavy machinery to Merti, located approximately 80 km (50 miles) east of the planned 136 km (84.5 miles) road. The China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) and Sweden's Lundin Petroleum AB are conducting seismic tests in Merti in preparation for oil drilling activities set to commence next year. Residents in Isiolo have been wary of oil exploration since a failed venture in the 1980s, and there have been other indications of growing resentment. One Chinese engineer was fatally shot by bandits near the Merille River on April 21, with tribal elders suggesting he was targeted due to a perception that not enough locals were being hired by the Chinese company. Wu, a representative of the project, stated that the majority of the workers were Kenyan and all the day laborers were from the area. After the shooting incident, the Kenyan government deployed its elite paramilitary General Service Unit to the Merille River area in order to disarm young people and ensure security. The construction of a road is seen as a potential lifeline for northern Kenya, potentially ending years of neglect in the region. Isiolo was previously considered a remote outpost during colonial rule, located at the border of the closed Northern Frontier District which covered a large portion of Kenya. Europeans were prohibited from residing in Isiolo due to its perceived danger and harsh climate, requiring a special permit for entry. George Cardovillis, a descendant of Greek traders, shared his family's interest in establishing a business at the Ethiopia-Kenya border in 1914. The government instructed them to continue their journey south to Maralal, a distance of over 600 km (373 miles). The landscape from Isiolo to Ethiopia remains largely unchanged, with desolate stretches of black volcanic stones and reddish sands. Despite advancements, the sun still beats down relentlessly, mountains are visible in the distance, and water is scarce. Electricity, telephone lines, and most other services are almost nonexistent in the area. Despite the lack of amenities, Kenya's national parks remain unspoiled and are rarely visited due to their remote location. Just 50 km past Isiolo are three game reserves that are comparable to the Maasai Mara in terms of the abundance and variety of animals. Joy Adamson, the author of "Born Free," settled in this area to raise leopards until her tragic murder. Jayne Nguatah, the manager of Sarova Shaba lodge in Shaba park, believes that their occupancy rates will increase once the road construction is completed. "We will consider it a Christmas present for ourselves." The Sarova Shaba is located along the Ewaso Nyiro river, where crocodiles can be seen and Samburu and Borana herdsmen bring their animals to water. Baboons and monkeys freely roam the treehouse-style main lodge, which is built over a natural spring. However, the challenges of developing a sustainable tourism industry in northern Kenya go beyond just infrastructure. Banditry and tribal conflicts are prevalent due to the influx of weapons from past and present conflicts in neighboring countries like Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan, and Uganda. Security forces are thinly spread as nomadic herders continue to search for pasture and water for their livestock, a practice they have maintained for centuries. Some herders now carry modern assault rifles, while others still use rifles from colonial times. Despite the industrial presence of Chinese engineers in Isiolo, doubts remain about whether the road project will reach areas like Moyale to the north. Plans to extend the road beyond the current Chinese construction are still in the planning stages. Trader Gumucha Gisiko expressed his skepticism, stating that for 45 years they have been making promises about the road, but he believes in seeing things to believe them. | 2 |
Preliminary results showed that the Christian Social Union (CSU) won 37.3 percent of the vote, marking the second time since 1962 that the party has lost its absolute majority. This outcome is expected to lead to internal conflict within the conservative party, which has already proven to be a challenging partner for Merkel in Berlin. Bavarian premier Markus Soeder acknowledged the disappointing results, stating that it was not an easy day for the CSU. Despite this setback, he expressed a desire to form a stable government as soon as possible. The CSU will now need to form a coalition, a significant blow for a party accustomed to ruling independently, as the pro-immigration Greens secured second place and the far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD) entered the state assembly for the first time. The Greens increased their share of the vote to 17.8 percent, receiving support from more liberal CSU voters and traditional SPD supporters. The impact of the election in Bavaria will be felt in Berlin, with talk of the end of the Merkel era increasing. SPD leader Andrea Nahles attributed her party's weak performance in Bavaria to the federal government's poor performance in Berlin. This has become a challenge for Merkel. Horst Seehofer, leader of the CSU, has been causing problems for Merkel since her controversial decision in 2015 to open Germany's borders to over 1 million migrants. Seehofer has shifted his party to the right in an attempt to combat the rise of the AfD, which has ultimately been unsuccessful. The CSU's weak result in the Bavarian state election has been attributed to Seehofer's personal attacks on Merkel and his tough stance on asylum seekers, creating a polarized political climate that benefited the Greens and the AfD instead. According to political scientist Michael Weigl, the CSU's strategy has backfired. When asked if he would step down as CSU leader, Seehofer stated on ZDF that he was not dismissing the possibility, but there were multiple factors contributing to the party's poor performance that needed to be examined. The AfD received 10.7 percent of the vote according to preliminary results, while the Free Voters, a protest party seen as the CSU's most likely coalition partner, obtained 11.6 percent. The CSU has ruled out forming an alliance with the AfD. Internal conflicts between Merkel's Christian Democratic Union and the CSU have deepened since the parties were forced into a coalition with the Social Democrats after an inconclusive national election in March. The Bavarian election will be followed by another test for Merkel's conservative alliance, the Union, in two weeks. The CDU is expected to remain the largest party but lose votes in an election in Hesse, which is home to Frankfurt's financial center. Merkel will seek re-election as party chairwoman at the CDU's annual congress in December, despite recent internal conflicts within the party. Before the Bavarian vote, Merkel called for an end to infighting among her CDU and CSU allies. Techau from The German Marshall Fund of the United States think-tank described Merkel as "exhausted and weakened," as her fourth government has faced challenges over immigration and a scandal involving a former spymaster. He mentioned that despite initial doubts, her plan to maintain a moderate stance for the Union seems more sensible given the recent outcome for the CSU. The success of this approach will hinge on the outcome in Hesse. | 2 |
The current hurricane in financial markets has not significantly impacted trade flows. However, many believe that inadequate regulation is to blame for the recent financial disaster, leading to calls for stronger rules of commerce through a new trade agreement. China's deputy World Trade Organisation ambassador, Xiang Zhang, believes that concluding negotiations for the Doha round would send a positive signal to the world economy and business people. Failure to reach a deal after seven years could result in a new crisis of confidence in business. WTO Director-General Pascal Lamy is still hopeful for an outline deal on agriculture and industrial goods by the end of the year in the Doha round, despite the lack of progress in July. Last week, both Lamy and EU trade chief Peter Mandelson expressed concerns that the financial crisis could lead to protectionism, harming economic growth and emphasizing the urgency of a new trade deal to preserve the benefits of globalisation. The crisis could divert leaders' attention away from trade issues, making it harder to reach an agreement. However, a proposed $700 billion bailout for the U.S. financial industry could help alleviate these concerns. Any trade deal, not expected to be finalized until at least 2009 or 2010, would not have an immediate impact on trade flows due to implementation periods of up to 17 years for developing nations and 5 years for rich countries. This delayed economic effect would also suggest that there would not be an immediate financial market impact, as exchange rates and company earnings would only respond to changing trade flows later on. Experts believe that a new trade deal would increase business confidence by demonstrating a decrease in barriers to business, a healthy world trading system, and effective international cooperation. Fredrik Erixon, from the Brussels trade policy think-tank ECIPE, mentioned that existing WTO agreements restrict countries from raising tariffs too high, reducing the likelihood of a repeat of the economic nationalism seen in the 1930s during a financial crisis. However, the current anti-deregulation sentiment, particularly from French President Nicolas Sarkozy and German Finance Minister Peer Steinbrueck, may hinder the prospects of a new trade deal that aims to open up markets. This negative atmosphere could also impact discussions on liberalizing trade in financial services, according to diplomats. However, during a meeting in July where governments indicated a willingness to allow access to various services in markets, the financial crisis did not appear to deter negotiators from discussing banking. John Cooke, the chairman of the Liberalisation of Trade in Services Committee, emphasized the distinction between market access, which is the focus of trade negotiations, and financial contagion, which falls under the jurisdiction of regulators. He pointed out that as globalization continues to progress, there will be increasing international interdependence between different economies, necessitating the financing of trade and investment. Trade rounds are not only aimed at promoting liberalized commerce, but also at establishing fair international trading rules for all nations. In the ongoing Doha round, developing countries are advocating for a reduction in agricultural subsidies provided by wealthy nations. These subsidies artificially lower prices, leading to difficulties for farmers in poorer countries to compete in the market. Munir Ahmed, the secretary-general of the International Textiles and Clothing Bureau, likened these subsidies to short-selling in the stock market, where investors borrow and sell shares they believe are overvalued in hopes of buying them back at a lower price. This practice has been linked to recent declines in bank stocks. Ahmed, a former Pakistani ambassador to the WTO, warned that a failed Doha round would result in missed opportunities to regulate various aspects of international trade. The current financial crisis further emphasizes the importance of reaching a Doha deal, as it serves as a reminder that economic prosperity is not guaranteed indefinitely. Due to the recent growth in business, many companies have not felt the need to advocate for trade rule reforms to prevent protectionism from returning. As a result, there has been less pressure on governments to finalize a deal, potentially leading to the reversal of tariff and subsidy cuts. New Zealand's WTO ambassador, Crawford Falconer, believes that reducing entitlements is crucial to preventing regression in the financial world, making it even more crucial to complete the negotiations now. | 2 |
In a groundbreaking move, the government of Bangladesh and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) have signed an agreement for a field-level project that specifically aims to assist vulnerable individuals living in coastal communities. This new project, titled "Community-based Adaptation to Climate Change through Coastal Afforestation in Bangladesh," focuses on enhancing the resilience of both coastal communities and protective ecosystems through adaptation interventions led by the community. UNDP country director Stefan Priesner stated that climate change adaptation has become a major development challenge for Bangladesh, making this project crucial for demonstrating effective adaptation strategies for vulnerable coastal communities. The project's goal is to improve the abilities of government authorities and planners at all levels to comprehend climate risks in coastal regions and implement effective risk reduction strategies. It will focus on five coastal districts: Barguna, Patuakhali, Bhola, Noakhali, and Chittagong. The project hopes to serve as a model for other least developed countries undertaking climate change adaptation initiatives. The outcomes of the project will be showcased at the upcoming Climate Conference in Copenhagen in December. | 2 |
According to US researchers, new genetic evidence suggests that Christopher Columbus introduced syphilis to Europe from the New World, sparking a long-standing debate about the disease's origins. Through a genetic analysis of the syphilis family tree, researchers discovered that its closest relative is a South American cousin that causes yaws, an infection caused by a sub-species of the same bacteria. Kristin Harper, an evolutionary biologist at Emory University in Atlanta, noted that some believe syphilis is an ancient disease while others think it originated in the New World. Harper's study, published in the journal Public Library of Science Neglected Tropical Diseases, concludes that syphilis or its precursor was brought from the New World to the Old World relatively recently in human history. She stated that the research provides support for the "Columbian theory," which connects the first documented European syphilis outbreak in 1495 to Christopher Columbus and his crew's return. She commented, "Our genetic data, combined with the epidemic in Naples in 1495, strongly backs the Columbian hypothesis." Syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, begins with a sore and can progress to a rash, fever, and potentially lead to blindness, paralysis, and dementia. Recent evidence of the disease's origins has been found in skeletal remains in both the New World and the Old World, with chronic syphilis leaving distinctive lesions on bones. Harper described it as having a worm-eaten appearance during a phone interview. She utilized phylogenetics to analyze the evolutionary connections between different organisms in the Treponema family, which includes bacteria responsible for syphilis, bejel, and yaws. The study involved examining 26 strains of Treponema, including two strains of yaws from Guyana that had not been previously sequenced. Harper explained that they sequenced 21 regions in search of DNA variations among the strains. They reached the conclusion that yaws is an ancient infection, while venereal syphilis appeared relatively recently. Harper believes that a nonvenereal form of the tropical disease transformed into venereal syphilis that could survive in the cooler European climate. However, the process of this transformation is not clear. "We can only confirm that the precursor of syphilis originated in the New World, but its exact nature remains unknown," she stated. In a commentary in the same publication, Connie Mulligan and colleagues from the University of Florida challenged Harper's interpretation, arguing that her conclusions were too reliant on genetic changes observed in the Guyana samples. Mulligan proposed that more informative evidence could be obtained from DNA obtained from ancient bones or preserved tissues. Harper agrees that further research is necessary to elucidate the transmission of syphilis to the New World. "This is a blurred image," she remarked. | 2 |
Myanmar opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi had an unusual meeting with a government minister on Monday, potentially indicating improved relations between her and the new military-backed leadership. The meeting, which Suu Kyi was only informed about the day before, lasted over an hour and took place at a state guesthouse. This was the first confirmed interaction between the 66-year-old Suu Kyi and a member of the new civilian government. Both parties expressed satisfaction with the meeting and stated that they discussed issues beneficial to the people of Myanmar. Despite being previously acquainted, having met on nine occasions while Suu Kyi was in detention and Aung Kyi was a minister liaising with the junta, Aung Kyi emphasized that he hoped for more dialogue with Suu Kyi and rejected the notion that their past meetings were unproductive. Aung Kyi informed reporters that there were advantages from past meetings and they anticipate improved outcomes from the current talks. Standing next to Suu Kyi, Aung Kyi presented a joint statement to the media, stating that the discussions revolved around potential collaboration for the welfare of the people. This encompassed topics such as enforcing the rule of law, addressing divisions, and addressing issues that will be advantageous to the public. Following 49 years of direct military control, a new government assumed power in April in the former British colony. Ever since being released from seven years of house arrest last November, Suu Kyi has been advocating for dialogue with the new rulers. Nyan Win, a spokesperson for the National League for Democracy (NLD), Suu Kyi's active but officially disbanded party, noted that there have been signs of progress in the political climate, especially with the government extending an invitation to Suu Kyi. Suu Kyi has been cautious in her interactions with the government since her release, refraining from criticizing the November 7 election, which was widely seen as a sham that maintained the same regime in power under the guise of democracy. The government and military have shown a softer approach towards Suu Kyi, occasionally criticizing her in state-run media but allowing her to travel freely and meet with diplomats, journalists, and supporters. Analysts believe that the government recognizes that any action taken against Suu Kyi would provoke backlash from the international community and jeopardize the possibility of Western sanctions being lifted in the near future. Engaging in dialogue with Suu Kyi could be a strategic move by Myanmar's secretive leaders, many of whom have military backgrounds, to demonstrate to foreign governments their willingness to communicate. Christopher Roberts, an expert on Southeast Asia at Australian National University, suggested that the meeting was likely more than just a show for the public. He believes that it is part of a larger effort by the government to make gradual improvements and establish a more legitimate image. Myanmar is striving to create a functioning government and improve its international reputation by not only meeting with representatives from the US, Australia, and the UN, but also allowing them to have discussions with Suu Kyi. Roberts stated that these actions will be taken, as long as they do not compromise security or stability. | 2 |
His complete tweet stated that the newly established Disinformation Board should assess his tweet, or possibly they should establish a new Non Sequitur Board instead. He believes that discussing raising corporate taxes is acceptable and that discussing taming inflation is crucial, but combining the two topics is simply a distraction. Bezos, who owns The Washington Post, continued to express his frustration in a follow-up tweet on Sunday, according to the DealBook newsletter. He praised Joe Manchin, the moderate senator from West Virginia who has often chosen not to support other Democrats on economic matters, thus blocking further stimulus plans. Bezos commended Manchin for preventing the Democrats from making a mistake, involving the company in politics during a tense time with ongoing employee unionization efforts. Many corporate leaders have been avoiding contentious issues to avoid negative repercussions, and engaging in tax disputes with the government on social media could draw unwanted attention to Amazon's tax practices. Despite reporting almost $36 billion in pretax income in the US in 2021, Amazon claimed it only owed around $2 billion in federal taxes. That is a tax rate of 6 percent, which is lower than what both corporations and workers are required to pay. Last year, Biden announced plans to increase rates and eliminate tax loopholes, specifically calling out Amazon for their low tax rate. Amazon did not provide a response when contacted by DealBook. Disney recently lost its tax benefits in Florida after opposing a law restricting discussions on gender identity in schools. Now, both state and federal Republican lawmakers are working on legislation that would penalize politically active businesses. Executives are now faced with finding a balance in this situation. Many workers, shareholders, and customers are calling for corporations to take a stand on social issues, particularly as abortion rights have become a prominent topic in the midterm elections. Amazon's current CEO, Andy Jassy, is likely not seeking to engage in this controversy at the moment. In contrast, Jeff Bezos and Elon Musk have been quietly cultivating relationships with the government, despite publicly criticizing the Biden administration. Bezos' Blue Origin and Musk's SpaceX are heavily involved in lobbying efforts to secure funding for their space exploration projects and NASA contracts. Senator Bernie Sanders has accused the two billionaires of treating NASA as a source of easy money. He sent a tweet to Bezos on Saturday regarding Amazon's labor problems and increasing profits, accusing the company of spreading false information and mistreating workers. He criticized Amazon for blaming price increases on inflation while making huge profits and dodging taxes. | 2 |
Alibaba has made a commitment to achieve carbon neutrality by 2030 for its direct and indirect emissions, as well as reducing carbon intensity from its wider value chain by 50% by 2030. Additionally, the company aims to cut overall CO2 emissions by 1.5 gigatonnes by 2035. To reach these targets, Alibaba plans to implement new energy-saving technologies, utilize renewables, and explore carbon removal initiatives. CEO Daniel Zhang also emphasized the importance of encouraging actions and behavioral changes among consumers, merchants, and partners globally. President Xi Jinping announced last year that China intends to achieve carbon neutrality by approximately 2060. This has prompted the country's large corporations to develop their own strategies to reach "net zero". However, many of China's tech giants still heavily rely on the coal-driven energy system in the country, with only a few committing to transitioning to renewable energy sources. According to a report by Greenpeace earlier this year, Tencent Holdings was ranked as the top-performing Chinese cloud service provider in terms of obtaining renewable energy and reducing emissions, followed by Huawei Technologies, Baidu Inc, and Alibaba. | 2 |
At the age of 12, she used her mother's credit card to purchase a $29 Kylie Lip Kit in the shade Candy K, which included a matte pink liquid lipstick and matching lip liner. Kylie Jenner's first makeup product sold out within seconds of its release in 2015, causing the website to crash and propelling the youngest Kardashian-Jenner sibling to beauty mogul status at just 18 years old. Lip Kits became extremely popular, even making their way into the New York City bar and bat mitzvah scene, where emcees would throw the products into a crowd of dancing tweens wearing bandage dresses. Five years later, the global beauty industry is booming with celebrities promoting products on social media, including lip gloss, face lotion, and even vibrators. New beauty lines are constantly being released at a rapid pace, such as Harry Styles' Pleasing nail polish and Machine Gun Kelly's UN/DN LAQR nail polish. Ariana Grande and Chiara Ferragni have also launched their own makeup lines, each with their own unique themes. Billie Eilish and Addison Rae have launched their own fragrances. Lori Harvey has released her SKN by LH skin care collection, and Demi Lovato has created the Demi Wand, an eight-speed vibrator in collaboration with Bellesa, a website catering to women. Hailey Bieber has announced that her Rhode Beauty line will be available for purchase next year, named after her middle name. The abundance of celebrity beauty and self-care products is beginning to seem like a parody. When the Alex Rodriguez concealer for men, created with Hims & Hers, was released in May and gained attention in celebrity news outlets like The Shade Room, many people thought it was a joke. Dua expressed skepticism towards celebrity beauty brands, as did many of her peers according to Hana Ben-Shabat, founder of Gen Z Planet. Ben-Shabat's research indicates that only 19% of Gen Zers are influenced by celebrities in their purchasing decisions, while 66% are influenced by their friends. Stacey Berke, a 34-year-old addiction counselor from Rochester, New York, noted that celebrities often promote their own skincare products and claim to use them instead of getting procedures like Botox. The traditional method of celebrity endorsement is no longer sufficient, as people now require evidence of expertise or genuine interest in the product being promoted. According to trend forecaster Lucie Greene, the transactional nature of these endorsements is becoming more obvious, with consumers demanding authenticity and passion behind the promotions. Additionally, the public is aware that many celebrities undergo cosmetic procedures to maintain their appearance, making it difficult to believe in the effectiveness of the products they endorse. Richard Gersten, an investor and the founder of True Beauty Ventures, noted that transitioning from promoting brands for others to creating one's own brand may not always be the best motivation. He mentioned that his firm has been approached by around 10 celebrity or influencer brands recently. Rachel ten Brink, a general partner of Red Bike Capital and founder of Scentbird, pointed out that in the past, access to celebrities' lives was limited to their perfume, but now fans have real-time access to their food, fashion, opinions, and personal moments through social media. This has redefined how the public interacts with celebrities. "You can feel a connection to a celebrity by following them on Instagram, Twitter, or TikTok," ten Brink explained. "This allows you to engage with them in a unique way." After the popularity of celebrity fragrances in the early 2000s, such as those from Britney Spears, Justin Bieber, and 50 Cent, Kylie Cosmetics introduced a new type of celebrity brand that focused on selling makeup and skincare products online. Jenner revolutionized the marketing and selling of a brand, which had traditionally been done at department store counters or Sephora. With just an Instagram post, Jenner was able to generate millions of dollars in lipstick sales. Then in 2017, Rihanna's Fenty Beauty set a new standard for inclusivity, shade ranges, and discussions about race in the beauty industry. In its first full year, the label produced over $500 million in revenue, as reported by LVMH, the French luxury group and co-owner of Fenty Beauty. Goop, founded by Gwyneth Paltrow, has established itself as a lifestyle brand over the past decade, selling skin care, supplements, bath salts, and athleisure. Many have tried to replicate these successful business models, but some industry experts, such as John Demsey, executive group president of the Estée Lauder Cos, remain skeptical of brands led by famous personalities. He has collaborated with numerous celebrities, but he mentioned that there will not be a brand solely based on one celebrity. On December 1st, MAC, known for its collaborations with A-list stars like Mary J Blige, Rihanna, Lady Gaga, and Mariah Carey, launched a new Viva Glam lipstick without a celebrity for the first time in 27 years. Demsey explained that the decision felt right, and they focused on the core essence of the product and brand. He mentioned that collaborations capture a moment, while a brand is everlasting. The dirty little secret in the industry is that most celebrity beauty brands fail. Everyone who was interviewed for this article, ranging from high school students to executives at multibillion-dollar companies, was requested to list one to three celebrity beauty brands that have been successful aside from Kylie Cosmetics, Fenty, and Goop. However, no one could provide any names. According to Demsey, merely relying on influence is not sufficient, and even having tens of millions of followers on Instagram or TikTok is not a guarantee of success. For instance, in June, Vanessa Hudgens (with 43 million Instagram followers) and Madison Beer (with 29 million Instagram followers) launched Know Beauty, a skin care line that offers personalized regimens based on a DNA test from a cheek swab. Know Beauty had a successful launch initially, but has not been very active since then. Products are still available on their website, but the company declined to comment on their business. Lady Gaga's Haus Laboratories, which was introduced with much excitement two years ago, did not resonate with her dedicated fan base. The brand recently hired a new executive team to concentrate on product innovation, ingredients, and packaging. Their latest Casa Gaga collection features a different aesthetic than the original black packaging. Lipsticks, highlighters, blush and other beauty products are now available in white compacts and tubes with gold accents. Haus Laboratories did not provide a statement regarding their business. Other high-profile incidents include Tati Westbrook announcing the closure of Tati Beauty, and Rflct, a skincare brand by gamer Rachell Hofstetter, shutting down after two weeks due to unsupported anti-blue-light claims. Many celebrity lines are actually created by a few companies known as brand factories or "incubators" that produce multiple labels quickly. They are either developed in partnership with a celebrity or created with the intention of collaborating with a celebrity later on. Examples include Beach House Group's work with Millie Bobby Brown's Florence by Mills, Kendall Jenner's Moon oral care line, and Tracee Ellis Ross' Pattern hair care. Forma Brands, which owns Morphe, is responsible for Jaclyn Cosmetics and Grande's R E M Beauty. Maesa has developed products for Drew Barrymore's Flower Beauty, Kristin Ess Hair, Taraji P Henson's TPH by Taraji hair care, and Jada Pinkett Smith's Hey Humans personal care line. According to experts, most lines created by brand factories are not meant to last long-term, but Ross's Pattern line seems to be thriving and could outlast many of its competitors. Greg Portell, a partner at the Kearney consulting firm, explained that incubators are designed to move quickly and focus on speed rather than brand building. Shaun Neff, founder of Beach House Group, mentioned that his team generates ideas for new companies and then partners with celebrities. Neff specifically mentioned Kendall Jenner as a co-creator of the Kendall Jenner Teeth Whitening Pen and the face of Moon, an oral care brand. The decline of celebrity brands is also influenced by shifting cultural values. Older customers are more likely to be attracted to celebrity endorsements, but it is more challenging to appeal to young millennials and Gen Zers who value authenticity. Dua raised doubts about the skincare knowledge of Brown, the 17-year-old star of "Stranger Things," whose skincare line was released when she was 15. Dua questioned, "I don't really trust it because what expertise do they have?" Additionally, younger generations see wearing someone else's makeup as going against self-expression, which is a key value for them. According to ten Brink, they do not want to emulate celebrities like Addison Rae, as they strive to be unique and not like anyone else. | 2 |
Kasim Reed, the former Atlanta mayor who faced scandal in his administration in 2018, has reemerged as a top candidate for a third term, focusing on addressing the rise in violent crime in the city. Reed claims he is the only candidate with the experience to tackle this issue and has promised to increase law enforcement while considering calls for cultural change in policing. He recently introduced a new campaign ad on Twitter highlighting public safety as his main priority. "He said in a recent television ad that they are going to train the police in a post-George Floyd manner. Most of Reed's main opponents in the nonpartisan race are Democrats and are also conveying a similar message. This message is different from the defund-the-police stance taken by progressive activists during the 2020 protests. Reed's performance in the November elections may show how much voters are willing to overlook in politicians as long as they believe they will bring peace and order. Reed's time as mayor was marked by a confrontational style that some saw as bullying and several scandals involving corruption, theft of public funds, and weapons violations. Felicia Moore, City Council president and a top rival, wants voters to consider the corruption cases involving Reed's administration." She stated that the leadership must accept accountability for the actions of their administration because he was in charge of that organization. However, crime has become a major issue in Atlanta, with the number of homicides investigated by Atlanta police increasing from 99 in 2019 to 157 in 2020. This surge occurred during a year when the US saw its largest one-year increase in homicides on record, and Atlanta is on track to have an even worse year. Some homicides in the past year have been particularly shocking to residents, such as the killing of an 8-year-old girl who was shot in a car with her mother last summer, and the kidnapping and killing of a 27-year-old bartender as she was heading home from work last month. A 40-year-old woman and her dog were brutally murdered while she was out for a late-night walk near Piedmont Park in July. The violence in Atlanta is becoming more random and occurring at all times of day, according to mayoral candidate Sharon Gay, who herself was mugged 18 months ago near her home in Inman Park. The political implications of this issue are not limited to the mayor's office, as Georgia Republicans are now using the violence in liberal Atlanta as a campaign issue, despite the fact that both Democratic and Republican-run cities have seen an increase in violent crime. Brian Kemp has allocated a significant amount of funding for a new "crime suppression unit" in the city. The affluent Buckhead neighborhood is considering breaking away from Atlanta primarily due to concerns about crime, a move that could have negative consequences for the city's tax revenue. Some critics are holding the current mayor, Keisha Lance Bottoms, responsible for not effectively addressing the crime issue. Earlier this spring, just days before Bottoms announced she would not seek reelection, Reed stated that crime in the city had reached "unacceptable levels" and was causing division. This was widely seen as a shift against Bottoms, his former mentee, and a hint that Reed may be planning a return to politics. When it arrived, it was filled with a significant amount of glamour. Reed announced at a lavish party at Tyrese Gibson's Buckhead mansion that "The future of Atlanta is on the line." He proudly declared, "Atlanta, inform LA, New York, Charlotte, Dallas, Chicago, and especially Miami - I have returned!" Within weeks, he had collected around $1 million in campaign donations. However, the notion that Atlanta would benefit from returning to Reed's time in office from 2010-17 is controversial. Reed claims responsibility for maintaining low crime rates during his tenure and boasts about recruiting numerous police officers. According to FBI statistics, there was a decrease in violent crime in the city starting in 2012 and continuing throughout Reed's time as mayor. This decline was part of a national trend that began in the early 1990s. Despite this overall decrease, there has been a recent uptick in high-profile crimes causing concern among residents. Reed was known for his strong convictions and practical approach, such as dismissing the city fire chief for making homophobic remarks and addressing the city's pension liability. However, his administration was also marred by scandals which led to guilty pleas from several officials. A previous director of human services, head of watershed management, and chief financial officer have also been charged and are waiting for their trial. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution reported in June that Reed may be under federal investigation for using campaign funds for personal expenses, based on court documents and campaign records. Reed stated in an interview that his lawyers were informed by the Department of Justice that he is not being investigated. The US Attorney's Office in Atlanta declined to provide any comments. Reed admitted in the interview that he takes responsibility for the issues that occurred during his time in office, and mentioned that despite years of scrutiny, no charges have been brought against him. He mentioned that he went through a rigorous vetting process, which very few people survive, and emerged with a clear reputation. He implied that racism may have played a role in the intense scrutiny he faced. He noted that federal investigations, such as the one in Atlanta, often target Black political leaders, especially mayors. A recent University of Georgia poll showed Reed leading the mayoral race with around 24% support, but 41% of likely voters were undecided. His opponents are trying to sway these undecided voters by suggesting there are better options. Some voters are fed up with Reed. Bruce Maclachlan, an 85-year-old landlord residing in Inman Park near the area of Gay's mugging, expressed concern about corruption surrounding Kasim Reed, prompting him to question the situation. Maclachlan stated that he was supporting Moore, the City Council president who was closely trailing Reed in the poll with approximately 20% backing, as she seemed to possess integrity and lack any scandal. Robert Patillo, a criminal defence attorney, has personally experienced the crime issue. Recently, his sister's car was stolen, his laptop was taken from his car, and a friend's house was burglarized. He expressed that everyone has been affected by crime in some way. Despite this, he stated that he would vote for Moore because he viewed him as more reliable and capable of addressing both crime and civil rights issues. However, he acknowledged the appeal of Reed, noting that people tend to seek strong leadership when they are afraid. Pinky Cole, the creator of Slutty Vegan, a popular local restaurant chain, held a contrasting opinion. Cole, a well-known young African American entrepreneur in the city, expressed that Reed had assisted her in resolving legal issues that her business had encountered. She believed that crime and the city's business environment were closely connected, a viewpoint shared by many in Atlanta. Cole had personally experienced the impact of this connection as two of her employees had been shot, one fatally. Despite concerns about corruption cases involving Reed, she viewed him as a man of integrity and trusted his ability to make the city safe, as he had done in the past. "I'm confident," she stated, "that he'll do it again." | 2 |
During the virtual opening of the Global Centre on Adaptation's regional office in Dhaka, the prime minister highlighted the susceptibility of the South Asian region to climate-related natural disasters such as cyclones, floods, tidal surges, droughts, glacial lake outburst floods, landslides, and avalanches. She emphasized the serious repercussions that even a 1.5 degree Celsius increase in temperature would have on Bangladesh and the surrounding area. The prime minister also drew attention to the vulnerability of certain groups like children, women, the elderly, and those with special needs in the face of disasters, while reaffirming Bangladesh's dedication to upholding the Paris Agreement and implementing measures to reduce carbon emissions and environmental degradation. She mentioned the government's efforts in carrying out various programs to mitigate and adapt to climate change impacts as outlined in the Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan established in 2009. "We established the Bangladesh Climate Change Trust Fund in 2009 and have allocated 430 million US dollars from our own resources for the action plan," she stated. The government has been dedicating about 1% of our GDP, equivalent to $2 billion per year since 2010, for adaptation purposes. The prime minister also highlighted the Bangladesh Delta Plan-2100 as a long-term initiative to address climate change and natural disasters. However, Hasina stressed the importance of enhancing resilience in South Asia to minimize the impacts of climate-related disasters. "Over the past decade, approximately 700 million people, half of the region’s population, have been affected by climate-related disasters." Before people can recover from one disaster caused by natural hazards, another one strikes, undoing any progress that has been made. In order to break this cycle, South Asia must increase its resilience. Hasina expressed her support for the GCA's regional office in Bangladesh, stating that it will help improve adaptation and climate resilience efforts in South Asia. She hopes that the office will facilitate the sharing of best practices from Bangladesh and other countries, as well as promote the exchange of ideas within the region. The office is expected to become a Center of Excellence and a key player in implementing adaptation measures in the region. According to Hasina, Bangladesh is looking to the GCA Dhaka office for support during its upcoming chairmanship of the Climate Vulnerable Forum and Vulnerable-20, two important international bodies related to climate issues. She also encouraged the GCA to consider ways to provide ongoing support to the Delta Coalition. While praising Bangladesh's ability to combat natural disasters, the prime minister acknowledged the need for changes to mitigate the impacts of climate change. She expressed confidence that countries in the region can work together to protect and improve the future for everyone. Considering the worldwide impact of climate change, I urge all countries to strengthen their Nationally Determined Contributions by December 31 of this year to address the problem and implement the 2015 Paris Agreement. In response to the challenges posed by the pandemic, Hasina appealed to other nations to come together in solidarity to combat the current crisis and any future crises that may arise. | 2 |
The annual assessment of human rights around the world was released by the US State Department on Tuesday. The report includes excerpts on various countries, including Iraq. The assessment highlighted issues such as sectarian-driven violence, acts of terrorism, and revenge by armed groups, which have hindered government efforts to establish and maintain the rule of law in Iraq. Sunni Arab groups like al Qaeda in Iraq and Shia militias with ties to the Iraqi Security Forces were mentioned as perpetrators of violence targeting each other's communities. Pakistan: Despite President Musharraf's pledge to promote democracy and 'enlightened moderation,' Pakistan's human rights situation remained dire. Security forces were still engaged in extrajudicial killings, arbitrary arrests, and torture. Corruption was widespread in both the government and police forces.
Russia: The centralization of power in the executive branch continued in Russia, with changes to election laws and new regulations for political parties giving the government extensive control over parties. When looking at the overall situation, with a compliant State Duma, corruption and selectivity in law enforcement, political pressure on the judiciary, and restrictions on NGOs and the media, these factors led to a further decline in government accountability. In Afghanistan, despite some progress in human rights since the fall of the Taliban in 2001, there were ongoing issues with arbitrary arrests, extrajudicial killings, torture, and poor prison conditions. North Korea remained highly repressive in 2006, with the regime controlling nearly all aspects of citizens' lives and severely limiting freedoms such as speech, press, assembly, association, movement, and worker rights. Approximately 150,000 to 200,000 individuals, including political prisoners, were imprisoned in detention camps, where many died from torture, starvation, disease, and exposure. The military government in Myanmar used various tactics such as executions, rape, torture, arbitrary detention, and forced relocation of villages, especially targeting ethnic minorities, to maintain control. In Iran, the government severely restricted freedom of speech and assembly, targeting dissidents, journalists, and reformers with arbitrary arrests, detentions, torture, disappearances, excessive force, and unfair trials. In Zimbabwe, the Mugabe government continued to violate human rights across the board. Official corruption and impunity were rampant in Cuba and China in 2006. In Cuba, under temporary leadership of Raul Castro, the government violated the rights of its citizens, including the right to peacefully change their government or criticize the revolution and its leaders. In China, there was a decline in the human rights record with an increase in cases of monitoring, harassment, detention, and imprisonment of political and religious activists, journalists, writers, and defense lawyers seeking to exercise their rights under the law. | 2 |
Toles-Bey, a 62-year-old small-business owner, had never voted in an election before but ended up voting for the former president twice. He is now constantly following politics, a habit he attributes to Obama's influence. After Obama left office, Toles-Bey started a T-shirt company named You Can't Trump God, as a way to cope with the emotional distress caused by President Trump's election. Despite his admiration for Obama, Toles-Bey questioned whether his idealistic approach to politics was still relevant in today's divisive political climate. "It's a different world we're living in," he remarked while waiting outside one of Obama's recent rallies. As Obama campaigns for Democratic candidates across the country, some members of the coalition that helped him become the first black president are feeling anxious for something new. Despite Obama's consistent focus on themes of hope and idealism during this election cycle, recent acts of domestic terrorism have shaken the political landscape. Supporters are questioning whether Obama's speeches are a relic of a more civil era in politics. People observe Barack Obama addressing a crowd at a rally in Las Vegas on October 22, 2018. The New York Times reports that Obama continues to be a major Democratic supporter, campaigning for key candidates like Andrew Gillum, Stacey Abrams, and Joe Donnelly. However, his approach to Trump's presidency has caused some disillusionment among the voters he once mobilized, such as young people and minorities. Despite this, Obama's advisers argue that he does not see resisting Trump and inspiring voters as mutually exclusive, highlighting his recent speeches that criticized Trump without directly naming him. However, some Obama supporters, like Toles-Bey, now prefer a more aggressive approach in confronting Trump, as the new generation of progressives is pushing back harder than Obama typically does. Gabriella Lorance, 20, who was 10 when Obama was first elected, expressed this sentiment while attending an event with her friends in Milwaukee. They admire politicians like Jason Kander, Beto O'Rourke, and Sharice Davids, but Obama is not among their favorites. LaTosha Brown, an organizer and co-founder of Black Voters Matter, believes there needs to be a new approach to creating change. She admires former President Obama for his background as a community organizer but now sees him as too focused on the Constitution in a time that calls for more radical solutions. Brown is tired of being told to wait, vote, and prove loyalty to the country, and believes it's time for a change. The divide seen among liberals now could indicate future disagreements within the political left. In the upcoming years, the search for a successor to Obama as the unifying figure of the Democratic Party will involve debates on the best approach to oppose Trump, with the tone being just as important as policy or ideology. Some potential Democratic presidential candidates for 2020 have already drawn attention for their aggressive anti-Trump rhetoric, such as Joe Biden vowing to "beat the hell" out of Trump and Eric Holder suggesting a more aggressive approach than Michelle Obama's famous line. "This is the focus of the new Democratic Party," Obama often includes appeals to conservatives in his speeches, and in Milwaukee he alternated between criticizing the modern Republican Party and reaching out to what he referred to as "compassionate conservatives" who are interested in forming a coalition. However, the next generation of Democrats may choose to adopt a more unwavering tone instead of vacillating. In the midst of a recent surge in political violence, two progressive Democrats have stood out for their strong language: Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez of New York and Rashida Tlaib of Michigan. Ocasio-Cortez tweeted, "Imagine if it was ISIS that sent bombs to US officials, started shooting in grocery stores, and invading places of worship. How do you think this administration would respond?" Tlaib took it a step further. In a tweet, she criticized blaming the Pittsburgh shooting on #TreeOfLifeSynagogue members as lacking leadership and compassion to be POTUS. She mentioned the terrorist using an AR-15 assault rifle to kill Americans and stressed the importance of decency and not using fear as a motivator. Michelle Obama defended her "going high" mantra and emphasized the need for leaders to appeal to people's better nature. Valerie Jarrett, a close adviser to Obama, acknowledged the frustration among Democrats during Trump's administration and highlighted the importance of maintaining a consistent message. Jarrett stated that despite the challenges, it is necessary for the president to continue appealing to people's better instincts. You convey to them the important message you believe they need to hear, which is what leadership is all about, according to some of Obama's supporters who agreed with Jarrett. Kasey Dean, 28, who attended Obama's rally in Nevada last week, emphasized the responsibility of politicians to uplift the country during uncertain times rather than instilling fear. Hallie Sebena, 34, who witnessed Obama's rally in Milwaukee, stated that there are ways to resist without resorting to dirty tactics. Sebena stressed the importance of starting conversations with civility. Some liberal voters admitted that Trump's administration had incited such anger in them that it had altered their criteria for a Democratic messenger. Tom Mooshegian, 64, suggested that the person who runs against Trump in 2020 will need to be more of a "fighter" to match his style. Dana Williams, 41, waiting for Obama in Las Vegas, believed that Trump's politics prioritize personal attacks, and Democrats may need to respond with a similar approach. She quoted Trump's phrase, "When they go low, we got to go hard," and expressed concern that people in high offices may not understand the urgency of the current moment. Obama has been advocating for a hopeful, civil, and incremental approach to politics in his speeches this summer, without publicly responding to comments made by Holder. Obama emphasized that the importance of the upcoming election goes beyond just politics during his recent speech in Milwaukee. He highlighted the need for a political system that is honorable, truthful, and lawful, and that prioritizes the well-being of the American people. After staying away from politics for over a year, Obama has now directed his attention to states where Democrats are in crucial Senate races. He also tends to host rallies in urban areas where voters who historically have lower turnout in midterm elections, such as young people and minorities, reside. Jon Favreau, a former speechwriter for Obama who now leads a liberal media company, stated that the former president's stance has developed on important issues like voter suppression and structural racism. According to Favreau, the Republican Party has become more directly linked to white identity politics and reducing immigration, prompting Obama to be more direct in his criticisms. By doing so, he has shown a way for Democratic candidates to critique without resorting to negative campaigning. Favreau mentioned campaigns like Gillum's in Florida, Abrams' in Georgia, and O'Rourke's in Texas as the next generation and evolution of Obama's message of hope. Favreau emphasized that simply attacking Donald Trump and Republicans with insults is not enough, and a more comprehensive approach is needed. "What voters desire is individuals who will advocate for important causes." | 2 |
Right before the start of the new climate talks in Glasgow, the G20 countries announced their commitment to stop financing coal-fired power plants abroad. This decision came after Chinese President Xi Jinping made a similar promise to the United Nations General Assembly in September. A recent study from Boston University's Global Development Policy Center revealed that 99 percent of all development finance institutions have agreed to reduce investments in coal and increase support for renewable energy. Rebecca Ray, a senior researcher at the GDP Center, stated that if these institutions follow through with their promises, it will be easier for developing countries to secure funding for renewable energy projects instead of new coal plants. The study identified only three major institutions that have not committed to this pledge - the Development Bank of Latin America, the Islamic Development Bank, and the New Development Bank. However, many of the main shareholders in these institutions were part of the G20 agreement. The study stated that Xi's announcement in September about China no longer participating in overseas coal projects was a significant change, as it removed major financial support for coal-fired power from institutions like the China Development Bank and the Export-Import Bank of China. This decision quickly impacted the country's financial sector, with the Bank of China pledging to cease new overseas coal projects from October onwards. An expert involved in creating guidelines to reduce carbon emissions from China's Belt and Road investments noted that Chinese financial institutions were already aware of the decreasing demand for coal-fired power, which made it easier for Xi's directive to be put into action. The expert emphasized that Chinese institutions are committed to this change and are actively seeking reasons to discontinue coal projects rather than finding excuses to continue them. Analysts said that China's decision to withdraw from coal represented a unique convergence of political, economic, and climate interests, as the sector struggles to compete with renewables and faces the prospect of billions of dollars in stranded assets. Matt Gray, an analyst with the climate think tank TransitionZero, pointed out that the economics have shifted and China's experience with financing coal projects through the Belt and Road Initiative has been problematic. He believes that China now has the political support to stop investing in coal, which they have been seeking for some time. | 2 |
The 'Bangladesh 2050 Energy Pathway's Calculator' is an innovative web-based computer model that displays the country's energy demand, supply, and their relationship with the country's greenhouse gas emissions reduction target. Developed by a team of researchers led by Dr. Monjur Mourshed from Cardiff University, this online software model integrates energy generation, usage, carbon emissions, and land use in Bangladesh. It allows policymakers to determine which energy sources should be utilized to minimize climate impacts. The calculator, supported by the UK Department for Energy and Climate Change and Bangladesh's Ministry of Power, Energy and Mineral Resources, is the first of its kind for a least developed country. It is available to the public and enables users to balance energy sources against energy demand up to 2050 to assess their impact on the country. The calculator is designed to facilitate high-level energy, economy, and emission pathway options exploration for the Bangladesh Government and the public. British High Commissioner in Dhaka, Robert Gibson, emphasized the importance of using the calculator in making informed energy investment decisions for the future. Dr. Saleemul Huq, Director of the International Centre for Climate Change and Development, highlighted the significance of developing a low carbon development pathway for Bangladesh and praised the Carbon Calculator as a valuable tool for achieving this goal. | 2 |
Anderson, an introvert and anthropology professor at Hobart and William Smith Colleges in Geneva, New York, expressed dread at the thought of returning to the office as the country's economy reopens. He described feeling physically ill just walking from the parking lot to his office. Many others, not just introverts, also feel anxious and sad about returning to the office, with concerns beyond the risk of infection. According to a Gallup poll, a majority of US adults working from home would like to continue doing so as much as possible even after the pandemic. These supporters of remote work are concerned that they, as well as the nation, may lose valuable advantages that have been discovered during this unprecedented period of widespread remote work. Some individuals who have never enjoyed socializing with coworkers have experienced increased productivity without the need for meetings and office small talk. Those who are concerned about environmental issues are enthusiastic about reducing their carbon footprint by avoiding commuting by car. While many parents are eager for schools and daycares to reopen, some working parents are enjoying the extra time they have been able to spend with their children. For example, before the pandemic, Christine Reilley had to wake up at 4:30 a.m. in order to catch an early bus to Manhattan where she holds a senior director position at the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. She mentioned, "I am more well-rested and able to dedicate more time to my work due to not having to commute, which I personally enjoy." Some believe that working from home is not as great as it seems, especially for those in manufacturing or service jobs, health workers, emergency responders, grocery store clerks, and delivery people who are deemed essential. Those who have lost their jobs may be frustrated by complaints from those still working from home. The additional negative aspects cannot be ignored either. Holding Zoom meetings from a kitchen table with restless children and irritated partners in the background does not promote productivity. Women find it challenging to participate in meetings dominated by men through video calls. The current crisis has heightened the challenges faced by working mothers. Telecommuting was already on the rise, but it excluded many low-wage workers and made some employers apprehensive about potential slacking off at home. Researchers have cautioned that problem solving and creativity are negatively impacted when workers are isolated from each other, leading to loneliness and boredom. Remote workers have also mentioned working longer hours. In order for remote work to be effective, employers must provide proper equipment and support, according to Laurel Farrer, CEO of Distribute Consulting. According to experts and advocates, remote work can offer numerous benefits if implemented correctly. One key advantage is that employees can work independently without constant supervision. Additionally, remote work can lead to less time spent commuting, which is associated with higher stress levels, increased pollution, and respiratory issues. An analysis by the Texas A&M Transportation Institute found that the average American who drives to work spends 54 hours per year stuck in traffic. Furthermore, remote work has been shown to increase productivity. In a well-known 2014 study conducted by Stanford professor Nicholas Bloom, remote workers at a Chinese travel agency were found to be 13% more efficient compared to their office-based colleagues. According to Global Workplace Analytics, if half of the United States workforce worked remotely, it could potentially reduce greenhouse gas emissions by over 51 million metric tons annually. The pandemic has shown a decrease in air pollution and clearer skies in cities like Los Angeles due to less vehicle travel, but this could change once people return to work, especially if there are concerns about contracting the virus on public transportation. Bill Eisele, a senior research engineer at the Texas A&M Transportation Institute, pointed out that even if more people work remotely, they may still use their cars for errands near home. He mentioned that office commuters account for only about 18% of all traffic. Global Workplace Analytics estimated that individuals could save an average of $2,000 to $6,500 annually by not having to spend money on items such as gasoline and daycare. Additionally, companies could reduce costs on real estate. According to a Harvard Business School working paper from November, the US Patent and Trademark Office saved over $38 million in 2015 by reducing office space usage. Additionally, a 2005 study showed that job satisfaction tends to increase as people spend more hours working remotely, but this increase levels off after 15 hours. Kate Lister, president of Global Workplace Analytics, believes that employees will seek a balance between remote work and office attendance for optimal job satisfaction. The pandemic has potentially shown managers that employees can be trusted to work without constant supervision. Many individuals who were previously unfamiliar with remote work have now experienced it and are enjoying the flexibility it offers. Jacquie Benetua-Rolens, a communications coordinator in California, has found joy in including her young son in Zoom meetings, appreciating the genuine and unfiltered interactions that have emerged. Benetua-Rolens emphasized the importance of being understanding and forgiving towards others and ourselves, especially during these challenging times of balancing work and personal life. She reflected on her past cubicle at the office, which she used to love but now doesn't miss at all, despite the untidy state of her home. Similarly, Jessica Keup, a single mother and computer programmer, relocated to her parents' home in Tennessee with her young son due to the shift to remote work caused by the pandemic. Since that time, she has been programming on the deck while her son interacts with the goats, chickens, and peacocks that inhabit the extensive property. Keup mentioned that being alone has helped her concentrate and be more efficient. She is able to focus on her work without being interrupted by talkative coworkers who want to socialize or require assistance with technical issues. According to a survey conducted early in the pandemic, there appears to be a significant preference for working remotely. Gallup discovered that nearly 60% of Americans who work from home would like to continue working remotely "as much as possible" once restrictions are lifted, while 40% would rather return to the workplace. The survey, conducted online with 2,276 randomly chosen adults from March 14 to April 2, had a margin of error of plus or minus 4 percentage points. When it's time to go back to the office, Keup intends to request the ability to work from Tennessee for two to four weeks a year, noting its beauty. She described it as calming and rejuvenating, and she will feel its absence. This content is copyrighted by The New York Times Company in 2020. | 2 |
Recently, oil and natural gas prices have increased significantly, leading to high power prices due to energy shortages in Asia and Europe. The International Energy Agency (IEA) stated that record coal and gas prices, along with power outages, are causing the power sector and energy-intensive industries to rely on oil to maintain operations. This rise in energy costs is contributing to inflation and could potentially slow down the economic recovery. Consequently, the IEA has revised its global oil demand projections for next year, expecting demand to return to pre-pandemic levels. Additionally, the agency has increased its demand forecasts for this year and 2022 by 170,000 bpd and 210,000 bpd, respectively. An increase in demand in the previous quarter resulted in the largest depletion of oil product stocks in eight years, with storage levels in OECD countries reaching their lowest point since early 2015. The IEA projected that the producer group OPEC+ would produce 700,000 bpd less than the estimated demand for its crude in the fourth quarter of this year, indicating that demand will exceed supply until the end of 2021. The report cautioned that spare production capacity from the group is expected to decrease rapidly, dropping from 9 million bpd in the first quarter of this year to just 4 million bpd in the second quarter of 2022, primarily in a small number of Middle Eastern countries. This decline emphasizes the necessity of increasing investment to meet future demand. The report highlighted the importance of accelerating investment in clean energy transitions to avoid potential challenges in global energy markets. The IEA released its flagship annual energy outlook in advance of an upcoming climate conference in Britain, indicating that the current economic recovery heavily relies on unsustainable fossil fuels. It was stated on Wednesday that investment in renewable energy must increase threefold by the end of the decade in order to effectively combat climate change. | 2 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.