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Maibam Sharat was walking with five friends past a security post in Manipur when Indian troops ordered them to put their hands up. Suddenly, a soldier emerged from an armoured car and started shooting. Sharat's friend Ranbir, who was ahead of him, was shot in the stomach. The troops, who were fighting separatist militants, took Ranbir to their camp instead of seeking medical help. Eventually, they took him to the hospital, but it was too late - Ranbir had been shot seven times and had lost too much blood. Sharat believes the soldiers may have been acting out of frustration and anger after their colleagues were attacked by militants earlier that evening. Human rights groups and political parties are condemning the killing of Ranbir as another example of military abuses in Manipur, where the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act provides soldiers with immunity from prosecution. The state is currently in the midst of a three-stage election, with most parties agreeing that the AFSPA should either be repealed or significantly amended. There is concern that New Delhi could intervene and reinstate the law, despite promises from some legislators to repeal it in the new legislature. Singh is hopeful that the government will take into account the pressure coming from Manipur, where 20,000 people have lost their lives in a separatist uprising since the 1960s. The Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA) grants soldiers extensive authority to conduct searches, make arrests, and eliminate suspected militants, even in the absence of immediate danger. Soldiers can only be prosecuted with approval from the central government, which is seldom granted. This law, enacted in 1958 to combat armed separatist movements in northeast India, is defended by the military as providing essential protection against politically motivated accusations. However, human rights organizations argue that these powers have created an environment where security forces can commit abuses without consequences, such as torture, sexual assault, and homicide. According to Pradip Phanjoubam, editor of the Imphal Free Press, the imposition of AFSPA has only increased anger and led to more insurgents in the region. A Border Security Force official claimed that soldiers were responding to militant fire in the Nongpok Sekmai shooting, but residents of the hamlet do not believe him. Manipur, located 1,500 miles (2,400 km) from New Delhi, remains one of India's most troubled regions, often overlooked by the rest of the nation. Soldiers have been involved in multiple incidents of violence in the state over the past five years, leading to protests by angry citizens. Despite these protests, there was a slight increase in extra-judicial killings last year, according to Babloo Loitongbam, director of Manipur's Human Rights Alert. Phanjoubam and Loitongbam argue that a political, rather than military, solution is needed to address the insurgency in Manipur and bring development to the state. It remains uncertain whether political parties will be able to effectively pressure for change. The ruling Congress party in India, which has held power in Manipur since 2002, has been indecisive about the Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA). Sonia Gandhi, the party chief, informed Manipuris that the government is thoroughly reviewing the recommendations of an expert panel that suggested modifications to the law 18 months ago. However, there is still doubt among many Manipuris about the possibility of actual change. | 2 |
On October 16, the couple, who had planned to visit the Terracotta Warriors, tested positive for the coronavirus. In response, China has implemented lockdowns in a city of 4 million people, as well as in several smaller cities and parts of Beijing, in order to contain a new outbreak that has affected over 240 individuals in 11 provinces and regions. Schools and tourist sites have been closed, and government websites are tracking the couple's movements and interactions in detail. This aggressive reaction reflects China's successful "zero COVID" policy, which has resulted in fewer than 5,000 deaths in the country since the start of the pandemic. The size of the recent outbreak may be small in comparison to other countries, but it is significant for China. China's strict eradication policy now sets it apart as the only country still aiming for complete elimination of the virus, while the rest of the world, including New Zealand and Australia, is reopening. Mi Feng, a spokesperson for the National Health Commission, emphasized the importance of adhering to the policy of preventing external importation and internal resurgence at a news conference on Sunday. The existing control measures must remain in place. The government's stringent approach is a result of specific Chinese considerations. Strong export activity has supported the economy. The Communist Party's firm control allows for efficient implementation of lockdowns and testing. Beijing is preparing to host the Winter Olympics in February. The low number of cases has become a point of pride for many Chinese citizens. China's leader, Xi Jinping, has highlighted the country's success in containment as evidence of the effectiveness of its governance model. However, experts have raised concerns about the sustainability of this approach, warning that China could face increasing isolation both diplomatically and economically as global public opinion turns against it. Political scientist Lynette Ong from the University of Toronto noted that the regime believes it must maintain a 'zero COVID' policy to preserve its legitimacy, but at a significant cost. In the initial stages of the pandemic, the Chinese Communist Party's control over power appeared to rely heavily on its management of the virus. The initial efforts to hide the outbreak in Wuhan sparked a strong public backlash, with images of overwhelmed hospitals and desperate patients circulating on the Chinese internet. However, as the virus spread globally, China's strict lockdowns and mass testing efforts were praised by other countries. Western democracies faced rising death tolls, while Xi Jinping highlighted China's success in quickly reducing its number of cases. Anger over the initial reaction to Wuhan was replaced by strong nationalism, as countries that implemented "zero COVID" policies were praised for prioritizing saving lives over convenience and economic growth. Now, as the virus enters its second year and the more contagious delta variant spreads, countries are reassessing their approaches. Australia, which endured the world's longest lockdown, is removing quarantine rules for vaccinated citizens returning from abroad, while New Zealand has officially given up on achieving zero cases. Singapore is allowing vaccinated tourists from countries like Germany, the United States, and France to travel without quarantine, but China has not changed its stance on quarantine measures. Zhang Wenhong, an infectious disease expert from Shanghai, faced backlash for suggesting that China should learn to coexist with the virus. A former Chinese health minister criticized this mindset as reckless. The Singapore government is concerned about any challenges to its narrative of successfully handling the pandemic. "It has become so common for outbreaks to occur that they are now considered insignificant," she explained. "However, the Chinese government is keen on managing any potential sources of instability, no matter how small. Furthermore, China's reluctance also stems from practical reasons. Major cities have a high concentration of medical resources, and rural areas could easily be overwhelmed by a sudden increase in cases," explained Zhang Jun, an urban studies expert at the City University of Hong Kong. Despite achieving a relatively high vaccination rate of 75% of the population, there are doubts about the effectiveness of China's domestically produced vaccines. For the time being, the elimination strategy seems to have the support of the public." Residents in areas under lockdown have expressed frustration with what they see as arbitrary and strict social media restrictions, but in areas without cases, travel remains relatively unrestricted. Wealthy individuals have been investing in luxury goods and expensive cars instead of spending on international trips. According to Zhang, as long as people can still move around freely, strict COVID-zero policies may not seem too harsh to the domestic audience. Some governments that have previously decided to coexist with the virus may reconsider their approach. Singapore, for example, lifted many restrictions over the summer but reinstated them in September due to a surge in infections. However, the government is continuing to implement travel restrictions. Despite this, experts warn that the consequences of aiming for zero cases will have long-term effects. China's economy is slowing down, with domestic travel decreasing during a recent holiday compared to last year due to a new cluster of cases. Retail sales have been inconsistent, fluctuating with the spread of the virus. Additionally, there may be diplomatic repercussions for the country. Xi has remained in China and not met with foreign visitors since early 2020, while other world leaders are getting ready to attend summits in Rome and Glasgow. China's strict approach is also affecting Hong Kong, where leaders are implementing lengthy quarantines in line with the mainland's policies, despite concerns from business leaders about foreign companies leaving. Some people support the restrictions but are questioning if there is a plan for how to eventually lift them. "If the current situation persists for a prolonged period, such as if the pandemic continues for another five or 10 years or becomes endemic, it may be necessary to consider making some adjustments to existing measures." Some officials have hinted at the possibility of easing restrictions, albeit cautiously. Gao Fu, the director of China's Center for Disease Control and Prevention, suggested in a recent interview that once the country achieves an 85% vaccination rate, it may be time to consider reopening. However, he emphasized the sensitivity of the issue. In the meantime, individuals affected by lockdowns are making the best of their circumstances. Approximately 10,000 tourists are currently stranded in Ejin Banner, Inner Mongolia, due to lockdown measures. To provide some comfort, the local tourism association has offered them free access to three popular tourist sites within the next three years. Copyright 2021 The New York Times Company. | 2 |
In the dense forests of the picturesque Danube island of Persin, where the endangered sea eagle and the pygmy cormorant reside, lies the grim remnants of a communist-era death camp. Between 1949 and 1959, hundreds of "enemies of the regime" met their demise from abuse, hunger, and exhaustion at Bulgaria's Belene concentration camp, where deceased bodies were used as pig feed. Despite two decades passing since communism's downfall, Belene has largely been forgotten, with only a small marble plaque recounting its chilling history. Nostalgia for the past is on the rise in the small Balkan nation and throughout the former Soviet bloc, as capitalism's shortcomings in improving living standards, establishing law and order, and curbing rampant corruption and favoritism have led to a longing for the era when unemployment was minimal, food was affordable, and social security was robust. Rumen Petkov, a 42-year-old former guard turned clerk at the only remaining prison on Persin island, remarked that the negative aspects of the past have been forgotten. He noted that there is a sense of nostalgia, especially among the elderly, as he stood in front of the deteriorating buildings of another old jail that was established on the site following the closure of the camp in 1959. In the 1980s, the communists imprisoned many ethnic Turks here for refusing to change their names to Bulgarian. Some young residents of the impoverished town of Belene, connected to the island by a pontoon bridge, also recall the past fondly, with Anelia Beeva, 31, stating that life was better before with plenty of opportunities for holidays, clothing, shoes, and food. Currently, a significant portion of our earnings goes towards food expenses. Even individuals with higher education degrees are struggling to find employment and are opting to move overseas. In Moscow, a number of Soviet-themed restaurants have emerged in recent times, hosting events like nostalgia nights where young individuals don pioneer attire and dance to communist songs. Traditional Soviet treats such as Champagne and Red October Chocolates are still popular choices for birthday festivities. Additionally, "USSR" themed clothing like T-shirts and baseball caps are commonly spotted throughout the country during the summer months. According to analysts, although there is little genuine desire to bring back old regimes, apathy is a significant consequence. Sociologist Vladimir Shopov expressed concern that nostalgia can hinder the motivation for meaningful change. Disenchantment with democracy is widespread in former communist eastern Europe, with pollsters noting a significant distrust of the elites who facilitated EU citizenship. A recent regional poll by the US Pew Research Center revealed a decline in support for democracy and capitalism in countries such as Ukraine, Bulgaria, Lithuania, and Hungary. For example, only 30 percent of Ukrainians approved of the shift to democracy in 2009, compared to 72 percent in 1991. In Bulgaria and Lithuania, the percentage of the population affected by the economic downturn decreased from nearly three-quarters in 1991 to just over half. Surveys conducted by the US-based human rights organization Freedom House indicate a regression or lack of progress in corruption, governance, independent media, and civil society in the new EU member states. The global economic crisis has negatively impacted the region, leading to the end of several years of growth and challenging the effectiveness of neoliberal capitalism advocated by the West. Instead of aspiring to catch up with their wealthier Western neighbors, there is now a growing sense of injustice due to the widening wealth gap between the rich and the poor. In Hungary, one of the countries hit hardest by the economic downturn, a survey conducted in October by pollster Szonda Ipsos revealed that 70 percent of adults who experienced the regime change in 1989 were disappointed with the results. People in the former Yugoslav countries, still scarred by the ethnic wars of the 1990s and not yet part of the EU, are longing for the socialist era of Josip Broz Tito. During that time, they were able to travel freely across Europe without needing a visa. Belgrade pensioner Koviljka Markovic, 70, expressed nostalgia for that period, stating that everything was better back then. She mentioned that there was no street crime, job security, and salaries were sufficient for a decent standard of living. However, she now struggles to survive on her pension of 250 euros ($370 a month). In Bulgaria, some view the 33-year rule of the late dictator Todor Zhivkov as a golden era when compared to the rampant corruption and crime that followed his downfall. According to historians Andrei Pantev and Bozhidar Gavrilov, many Bulgarians believe they had a better quality of life in the past, despite long shopping queues, limited social connections for valuable goods, restrictions on items like jeans and Coca Cola, and lengthy waits to buy a car. Some Bulgarians valued security over freedom. Even after three years in the EU, Bulgaria still has the lowest average monthly salary and pension in the union. In comparison, Poland and the Czech Republic, which joined in 2004, also have lower incomes than western European countries. A 2008 Gallup survey ranked Bulgaria, Serbia, and Romania among the world's most discontented nations. Zsofia Kis, a 23-year old student in Budapest, mentioned that the previous generation, our parents, were content with what they had compared to the current trend of wanting more of everything. She highlighted how communist regimes artificially controlled unemployment. Despite two decades of difficult reforms, most people are unwilling to make further sacrifices required for a complete overhaul of the economy and the judiciary. This has led to demoralization and increased support for political parties advocating for a strict approach, which is not surprising. Former KGB agent and current Prime Minister Vladimir Putin has referred to the fall of the Soviet Union as the "the greatest geopolitical catastrophe of the century." Critics of the Kremlin believe that this sentiment reflects a larger trend of rehabilitating the Soviet Union in order to validate the government's crackdown on media and opposition parties. Historian Nikita Petrov from the Memorial human rights group has observed a deliberate effort to portray the Soviet era in a positive light, with the aim of making it more appealing to the current generation. In Bulgaria, powerful individuals known as oligarchs have gained control over large sectors of the economy, stemming from their ties to the former communist party and its feared secret services. Despite the widespread knowledge of corrupt politicians and criminal leaders, Bulgaria has failed to hold senior officials accountable for corruption or prosecute individuals for communist-era crimes. The use of terms like "dalavera" (meaning fraud), "mutri" (referring to unsightly mafiosi), and "mente" (indicating counterfeit goods) has become common among ordinary Bulgarians. Many are disillusioned, feeling that achieving success through honest means is increasingly difficult. Boriana Dimitrova of Bulgarian polling agency Alpha Research stated that success is seen as criminalized, especially in the Balkans, Europe's poorest region, where powerful parallel structures go unchecked. Some believe that although the old regime was oppressive, there was at least a sense of law and order. Prime Minister Boiko Borisov of the centre-right populist GERB party won a landslide election in Bulgaria in July by promising to end the culture of impunity. Analysts suggest that in the face of public dissatisfaction and economic recession, only populist governments can thrive in the region. Ivan Krastev of Sofia's Liberal Strategies Institute stated that the high level of distrust in political elite and institutions makes it difficult to persuade people to comply with unpopular governments. Some Bulgarians believe that the West is hypocritical for accepting former communists into positions of power. Critics point to the election of Bulgarian Irina Bokova, a former communist official and ambassador, as head of UNESCO as an example of this hypocrisy. Bokova's career advancement has been attributed to her communist past. Despite this, some eastern Europeans feel they have successfully embraced materialism and surpassed capitalist standards. During the boom years, many loans were used to purchase luxury items such as fancy cars, yachts, flat TV screens, designer clothes, silicon surgeries, and exotic trips abroad. The trend of copying foreign standards extended to giving babies Western names and broadcasting reality shows like "Big Brother" on TV screens. Renowned Bulgarian artist Nikola Manev, currently living in Paris, commented on the Americanization of Bulgaria, noting that even phone conversations and restaurant names are in English instead of using traditional Bulgarian language. He observed that despite the external appearance of new buildings, shops, and shiny cars, people's attitudes have worsened, with increased sadness, aggression, and unhappiness. He suggested spiritual remedies. This fall, tickets for Sofia's theaters are selling out weeks in advance, a phenomenon not seen in many years. | 2 |
The journalists Maria Ressa from the Philippines and Dmitry Muratov from Russia were honored for their brave advocacy for freedom of expression, a crucial element for democracy and peace. The committee highlighted that they represent all journalists who defend this principle in a world where democracy and press freedom are facing increasing challenges. Maria Ressa, a Fulbright scholar and recipient of Time magazine's Person of the Year in 2018, has been a prominent critic of her country's authoritarian president, Rodrigo Duterte. Through her media company Rappler, she has exposed government corruption, investigated the financial interests of political leaders, and conducted groundbreaking reporting on the violent anti-drug campaign in the Philippines. The committee noted the high number of deaths in the campaign, likening it to a war against the country's own people. Ressa and Rappler have also observed how social media is being utilized to disseminate false information, intimidate opponents, and control public conversations. She is just the 18th woman to receive the Peace Prize in its 120-year history. Speaking on Rappler's Facebook Live platform, Ressa expressed her hope that the award was a recognition of the challenges faced by journalists today. She dedicated the award to Rappler, expressing her desire for strength to continue the fight for truth. Muratov has been advocating for freedom of speech in Russia for many years, working under increasingly challenging circumstances. Following news of the award, the Kremlin intensified its crackdown on critics, labeling nine journalists and activists as "foreign agents," subjecting them to burdensome requirements. A co-founder of independent newspaper Novaya Gazeta in 1993, Muratov has served as its editor-in-chief since 1995. Despite facing ongoing harassment, threats, violence, and even murders, the newspaper has persisted in publishing. The committee noted that since its establishment, six journalists from the newspaper have been killed, including Anna Politkovskaya, who wrote about the war in Chechnya. Despite the threats and killings, editor-in-chief Muratov has remained committed to the newspaper's independent policy, defending the right of journalists to write freely within the boundaries of professional and ethical standards. Many Russian dissidents had expected the Nobel Prize to be awarded to Alexei Navalny, the imprisoned opposition leader, and expressed frustration when he was not chosen. Muratov said he was surprised by the award and would have given it to Navalny himself. He mentioned receiving a last-minute heads-up from his press secretary before the announcement, after ignoring calls from Norway while in a discussion with one of his journalists. He mentioned that he would give part of the award money to support the battle against spinal muscular atrophy, a cause he has strongly supported, and to aid journalism in resisting pressure from Russian authorities. Muratov stated in a radio interview on Friday that fighting against the media is essentially fighting against the people. This year marked the third instance in the 120-year history of the prize where journalists were recognized for their efforts towards peace. Ernesto Moneta, an editor and leader of the Italian peace movement, received the award in 1907. Similarly, Carl von Ossietzky, a German journalist, pacifist, and critic of Nazism who was imprisoned by Hitler, won the prize in 1935. The Nobel committee selected from a pool of 329 candidates, one of the largest ever considered. Among the favorites were climate-change activists, political dissidents, and scientists who contributed to fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. The committee emphasized the importance of free, independent, and fact-based journalism in preventing abuse of power, misinformation, and war propaganda. They stated that without freedom of expression and press, it would be challenging to achieve global fraternity, disarmament, and a better world order. | 2 |
The October issue of GQ featuring Paul McCartney showcases a different side of the legendary musician. McCartney, known for relying on familiar Beatles stories, opened up in a series of interviews, revealing a more relaxed and less image-conscious side of himself. He even shared a story about the Beatles' teenage escapades, leading to a cheeky headline in the New York Post. This vulnerability was refreshing for readers and fans, while also humanizing McCartney, who has been in the spotlight for so long. This level of transparency in the profile required McCartney to answer questions and engage in a give-and-take conversation. In contrast, not all high-profile stories, such as the September issue of Vogue featuring Beyoncé, necessitate such openness from their subjects. The article accompanying this text, titled "Beyoncé in Her Own Words," is not a typical profile but rather a collection of short commentaries on various topics such as motherhood, family, body acceptance, and touring. Anna Wintour describes it as a "powerful essay" written by Beyoncé herself, suggesting that this is a positive aspect. While a journalist was involved in the process and is credited at the end, the outside perspective is minimal, leading to a lack of depth and context in the piece. This could be concerning for those who value celebrity journalism and the dynamic interaction between interviewer and interviewee. The lack of interaction with the press is not uncommon in the world of pop music. Many well-known artists, like Taylor Swift, Drake, and Frank Ocean, have avoided giving interviews to print publications for extended periods of time. Instead, they often rely on social media to share their stories, leading to one-sided narratives or complete silence. Monologue, rather than dialogue, is a potential threat to the traditional role of the celebrity press. Since the 1960s, in-depth interviews have played a significant role in creating and maintaining fame for celebrities. It was expected for artists to continue engaging with the media even after reaching the peak of their success. This was how prominent figures in culture, such as John Lennon, Tupac Shakur, and Courtney Love, shared their thoughts and explanations on important events in their lives. The interviews used to be a source of enlightenment for fans and a symbol of pride for celebrities, especially when the discussions were confrontational. Artists like Ice Cube and Madonna excelled in these situations, showing themselves to be reflective, unafraid of scrutiny, and aware of how they were perceived. However, this was during a time when print media held significant power, before the internet and TMZ took over the narrative. As celebrities' every move became constantly recorded, they became more hesitant to engage with the media. This shift alone wouldn't necessarily mean the end of traditional celebrity journalism. However, the pressure on celebrity journalism from higher-ups may not be as significant as the threat emerging from below. A new generation of celebrities, including YouTube stars and SoundCloud rappers, are sharing their lives extensively on social media on their own terms, without the need for traditional interviews. This generation values instant and unfiltered access, rendering the traditional focus of celebrity journalism on intimate perspectives and behind-the-scenes content largely irrelevant. For example, rapper Lil Xan has been involved in several online dramas recently, sharing personal struggles and relationships on social media without waiting for traditional media to catch up. This shift in celebrity culture is challenging traditional media platforms. At times, social media posts have taken over the role that was once reserved for tell-all interviews. Celebrities like Ariana Grande, XXXTentacion, and Logan Paul have used platforms like Instagram, YouTube, and Twitter to share their personal stories and issues without facing much scrutiny. These one-sided narratives have become safe spaces for young celebrities, as their social media followers can outnumber traditional media outlets. This shift has left celebrity journalism facing a challenging dilemma, as the most popular celebrities have bypassed it entirely, while up-and-coming stars have grown up in a time where it holds less relevance. As time passes, the middle ground may disappear completely. Additionally, there has been a variety of content creation, making it challenging for consumers to distinguish between original reporting and aggregated content, journalism outlet content and brand content. This lack of clarity pushes celebrities towards non-traditional media where they have more control over the final product. With the decline of traditional media, the new media landscape is often seen as a solution or a noisy diversion. For example, Selena Gomez is featured on the cover of Elle this month, with a relatively harmless accompanying story. However, when the interview was posted online, she responded with a lengthy post on Instagram expressing her frustration. She explained that it was difficult for her to speak from the heart for over an hour only to have someone else put her thoughts into paid words. As she gets older, she wants her voice to be heard as her own. She then outlined the specific topics she had hoped to discuss in the interview and criticized the focus on her personal life and church. This imbalance of power has led publications to resort to desperate measures to maintain access to famous individuals, such as allowing celebrities to "edit" special magazine issues. While Swift was featured on the cover of Harper's Bazaar this year, she actually acted as the interviewer in the accompanying article, posing questions to rock muse Pattie Boyd. Similarly, Rihanna took her own photo for the cover of The Fader in 2015, with the help of a professional photographer. This act was a commentary on the all-seeing nature of fame, as well as the cover star taking control of her own image. If these options are not feasible, magazines can opt to have a friend of the celebrity conduct the interview instead. In the magazine Elle, Jennifer Lawrence spoke with Emma Stone. Gigi Hadid's Harper's Bazaar May cover interview was conducted by Blake Lively. Cleo Wade, an Instagram affirmation specialist, interviewed Katy Perry for her March Glamour cover. The magazine Interview, known for its celebrity interviews, has been revived recently; in the comeback issue, Raf Simons converses with George Condo (with occasional input from a journalist) and Jennifer Jason Leigh talks to Phoebe Cates. It's not necessary for the friend to be famous. The author of the Rolling Stone article on the private pop star Sia claims to be a close friend of hers, while the New York magazine interview with Woody Allen's wife, Soon-Yi Previn, was done by a friend of Allen's. These articles rely on the idea of friendship to provide insight, rather than maintaining objectivity as the press should. The unspoken agreement in celebrity profiles is that the journalist represents the reader, not the celebrity, but in the pursuit of exclusivity, ethical standards are often ignored. Friendship should not be a requirement for interviews, as it can prevent challenging questions and limit the depth of conversation. Fans miss out on the opportunity for illuminating discussions with celebrities like Beyoncé and Taylor Swift because they are not being pushed to reveal their full complexity. Instead of engaging in meaningful dialogue, these stars have become closed off. It is unfortunate that we may never learn the answers to important questions that go unasked. Copyright 2018 New York Times News Service. | 2 |
The drastic improvements in air and water quality due to the coronavirus lockdowns have led to calls for a low-carbon future. However, the pressing need to re-employ millions of people is complicating the environmental situation. As economies shut down worldwide, wildlife has returned to urban areas, with various animals being spotted on typically busy streets. Fish have been observed in clean Venice canals, and some Indian residents have seen the Himalayas for the first time in years. Satellite images show significant improvements in air quality in Europe and Asia, including China, where the pandemic originated. Despite this progress, residents in heavily polluted Chinese cities are concerned that pollution levels will rise again as the economy reopens. Tang Zhiwei, a 27-year-old resident of Shanghai, stated that as the epidemic eases in the second half of the year and factories reopen, the weather will gradually worsen. He advised people to make the most of the blue sky while they still can. Thunberg emphasized that taking action against the coronavirus does not mean that the climate crisis has disappeared. She stressed that on Earth Day, it is important to address both the coronavirus pandemic and the ongoing climate and environmental emergency simultaneously. UN chief Antonio Guterres urged governments to use their economic responses to the pandemic to also address the deeper emergency of climate change. There is a global divide between investors supporting environmentally friendly economic stimulus measures and industry lobbyists trying to relax climate regulations, according to Guterres. He warned governments against rescuing heavily polluting industries and emphasized the urgent need to address the planet's environmental crisis. Peter Betts, a former climate negotiator, stated that there is now a push for economic stimulus packages in response to the coronavirus to prioritize low-carbon solutions. However, there is concern that some governments may prioritize economic recovery over environmental concerns. US President Donald Trump's priority is to revive America's oil and gas industry and ensure that important companies and jobs are secured for the future. Climate change is a growing concern, with last year being the hottest on record in Europe due to high levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. C3S director Carlo Buontempo stated that the warming trend is now evident worldwide, leading to an increase in the frequency of record-breaking events. The head of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) mentioned that the coronavirus pandemic is expected to cause a 6% decrease in carbon dioxide emissions this year, the largest drop since World War Two. However, the WMO emphasized that this reduction will not halt climate change and stated that COVID-19 should not be seen as a replacement for ongoing climate action. With many people staying at home, there has been an improvement in air quality in China. Emissions in Shanghai decreased by almost 20% in the initial three months, and in Wuhan, where the outbreak began, monthly averages dropped by over a third. However, experts are concerned that this decrease may allow China to overlook pollution in an effort to boost the economy, which experienced its first decline in the first quarter. | 2 |
The Norwegian politician who proposed it announced that anti-secrecy website WikiLeaks has been nominated for the 2011 Nobel Peace Prize, just after the deadline for nominations had passed. The Norwegian Nobel Committee accepts nominations until February 1, with the five panel members having until the end of the month to make their own proposals. Norwegian parliamentarian Snorre Valen praised WikiLeaks for its contributions to freedom of speech and transparency, stating that their exposure of corruption, human rights abuses, and war crimes makes them a strong candidate for the prestigious award. Nominations can be made by members of national parliaments, law or political science professors, and previous winners. The committee has chosen not to make a statement regarding the WikiLeaks proposal or any other nominations. Washington is angry at WikiLeaks and its founder Julian Assange for releasing numerous secret documents and diplomatic cables that have allegedly harmed US interests overseas, including peace efforts. Assange, an Australian, is facing extradition from Britain to Sweden for questioning in a sex case. He and his supporters claim it is a smear campaign meant to shut down WikiLeaks, a non-profit organization funded by the public and human rights groups. Awarding WikiLeaks the Nobel Prize would likely lead to criticism of the Nobel Committee, which has faced controversy with its recent choices of jailed Chinese pro-democracy activist Liu Xiaobo and President Barack Obama shortly after his election. The definition of the Nobel Prize, established by Alfred Nobel, the Swedish inventor of dynamite, states that it should be awarded to whoever has made the most significant contributions to promoting peace between nations, reducing standing armies, and organizing peace congresses. In recent years, the Nobel committee appointed by the Norwegian parliament has expanded Nobel's original definition to include areas like human rights, climate activism, and micro-financing. This decision has been criticized by those who adhere strictly to the traditional criteria for the Nobel Prize. Observers of the Nobel Prize believe that recognizing WikiLeaks with the award would emphasize the increasing influence of specialized online platforms and social media in driving global change. Platforms like Twitter and YouTube have been instrumental in mobilizing populations in countries with restricted access to mainstream media, as evidenced by the role they played in organizing anti-government protests in Egypt. Kristian Berg Harpviken, from the PRIO peace think tank in Oslo, suggested that this year's Nobel Prize could focus on the innovative use of new technologies to promote peace. He predicted that a woman would likely receive the prize this year, with his top choice being the Russian human rights organization Memorial and its leader, Svetlana Gannushkina. | 2 |
Senior EU officials will visit Turkmenistan this week to enhance collaboration with Central Asia, an area abundant in energy resources that is crucial for Europe's goal of diversifying energy sources and reducing reliance on Russia. EU External Relations Commissioner Benita Ferrero-Waldner, along with the French and Slovenian foreign ministers, will engage with Central Asian leaders in Ashgabat on April 9-10 to discuss various topics such as fuel and democracy. Despite being home to significant oil and gas reserves, the region is known for authoritarian governance, leading to criticism from the West regarding democracy and human rights issues. The EU views Central Asia as a valuable energy source as it seeks to decrease dependence on Russia, which currently provides a quarter of the EU's energy needs. The EU stated that progress is being made in implementing its strategy and is collaborating with regional partners on joint priorities for future actions, as preparations are made for the upcoming talks likely to be held in private. Some activists and politicians claim that the West prioritizes energy over democracy in their interactions with Central Asia, a claim that Western governments deny. Human Rights Watch, based in the U.S., has urged the EU to prioritize human rights standards in their policies towards Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan. The organization believes that Central Asia is home to some of the most oppressive former Soviet states and that the EU should work towards improvement in the region by setting clear benchmarks for progress. Kazakhstan, being the largest economy in the region with a stable investment climate, is the main focus of Western attention. It has received substantial investments, but has never had an election deemed free and fair by Western observers. Turkmenistan, a reclusive country slowly emerging from isolation, has indicated a desire for closer ties with the West and increased reform. However, analysts are skeptical about the new president's commitment to real change. In 2007, Uzbekistan was labeled by the United States as one of the world's top violators of human rights, but this year it received praise from the West for pardoning six imprisoned activists and showing a greater willingness to address human rights issues. Human Rights Watch acknowledged that some positive developments in the region are deserving of recognition and appreciation. However, the focus should not be solely on these specific incidents, but rather on the overall dire situation of human rights in both individual Central Asian countries and the region as a whole. | 2 |
Former Amazon employees, Emily Cunningham and Maren Costa, stated that Amazon has agreed to pay them back wages and must also inform all of its tech and warehouse workers nationwide that workers cannot be fired for organizing and exercising their rights. The two women described the settlement as a victory for protecting workers' rights. They claim they were terminated last year for advocating for climate change action and better treatment of warehouse employees. Amazon has argued that the former employees violated company policies. Amazon spokesperson Jose Negrete announced on Wednesday that a mutual agreement has been reached to settle the legal issues in the case. This settlement comes at a critical time for Amazon, as the company aims to be a top employer and is in need of hiring thousands of new employees. Cunningham and Costa, who were part of a group advocating for climate action within Amazon, helped form Amazon Employees for Climate Justice and garnered support from over 8,700 colleagues. Over time, Cunningham and Costa expanded their protests by organizing 400 employees to speak out against Amazon's external-communications policy. Despite Amazon informing them that they had violated the policy by publicly discussing the business, the group purposely disobeyed to make a statement. During the pandemic, they planned an event for warehouse workers to address workplace safety conditions to tech employees. Subsequently, Amazon terminated both women. Sen Elizabeth Warren voiced worries about potential retaliation to Amazon, and Tim Bray, a former vice president at Amazon's cloud computing group and internet pioneer, resigned in protest. This spring, attorneys from the National Labor Relations Board determined that Costa and Cunningham were terminated in retaliation for their organizing efforts. The NLRB's Seattle office filed a case against Amazon, alleging that the company unfairly enforced its policies to limit employees' protected activities. The hearing was postponed as the parties negotiated a settlement. This case is just one of several disputes Amazon has had with the labor board during the pandemic. In a notable incident, a hearing officer recommended that the NLRB invalidate a union election at an Amazon warehouse in Alabama, citing interference with fair voting conditions. Amazon denies any wrongdoing and plans to appeal if the regional labor board office agrees to overturn the election results. | 2 |
Georgieva stated that the International Monetary Fund's largest-ever distribution of monetary reserves will offer more liquidity for the global economy, supplementing member countries' foreign exchange reserves and reducing their reliance on expensive domestic or external debt. She emphasized that this allocation is a significant boost for the world and presents a unique opportunity to address the current crisis. While countries can use the SDR allocation to support their economies and combat the coronavirus crisis, they should not use the fiscal space to postpone necessary economic reforms or debt restructuring, according to the IMF's guidance document. Member countries will receive SDRs in proportion to their existing quota shareholdings in the fund, with approximately $275 billion going to emerging market and developing countries, and around $21 billion to low-income countries. Georgieva mentioned that the IMF is encouraging wealthy countries receiving SDRs to direct them to poorer countries in need. One suggestion is for wealthier nations to contribute SDRs to the IMF's Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust for low-income countries. The IMF is also exploring the creation of a Resilience and Sustainability Trust to assist vulnerable countries with structural changes, such as addressing climate change. Additionally, SDRs could be channeled to support lending by multilateral development banks. The IMF last distributed SDRs in 2009 during the global financial crisis, providing member countries with $250 billion in SDR reserves. In order to use their SDRs, nations would need to trade them for actual currencies, which means they must locate another country that is willing to make the exchange. | 2 |
A politician from the ruling party in Malaysia has proposed that an electoral reform activist be executed. Outside the home of an opposition state leader, mock funeral ceremonies were conducted. Eggs and rocks were thrown at a political rally. Malaysia has a history of political mud-slinging and scandal, but the recent increase in violent language and actions, particularly targeting the political opposition, has surprised even experienced observers as the country approaches its most fiercely contested election in April. Lim Guan Eng, the ethnic Chinese chief minister of Penang state and a prominent figure in Malaysia's opposition, expressed concerns about the upcoming election being the most corrupt and violent. Members of Perkasa, a group advocating for ethnic Malay rights and with ties to the ruling party, performed a funeral ritual outside Lim's home in May, which his supporters interpreted as a death threat. The escalating political tension coincides with indications that Malaysia's ruling coalition, in power since 1957, may struggle to improve upon its poor electoral performance in 2008, when they lost their two-thirds parliamentary majority, five state governments to the opposition, and saw the ouster of then prime minister Abdullah Badawi. According to a source within the dominant United Malays National Organization (UMNO), recent internal polling results indicate that the coalition is struggling to regain its two-thirds majority and may even lose its simple majority. The polls revealed the coalition's risk of losing more states and facing a closer race than anticipated in southern Johor state, a traditionally strong UMNO stronghold, due to decreasing support from ethnic Chinese. The senior UMNO source expressed concern that this potential loss would be embarrassing, which is why there is a delay in holding elections. Independent polls conducted by the Merdeka Centre show that Prime Minister Najib Razak has a strong approval rating of around 65 percent, but the coalition's popularity is significantly lower at around 48 percent. Najib has delayed calling for the election, which must take place by next April, indicating his uncertain confidence in surpassing the results of 2008. Ooi Kee Beng, deputy director of the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies in Singapore, stated that UMNO is aware that their grip on power is not guaranteed. He suggested that there is a possibility for change to occur for the first time since 1969, leading to more desperate actions. The country was deeply affected by racial riots in 1969 after significant election gains by ethnic Chinese, resulting in the establishment of economic privileges for ethnic Malays over Chinese and Indian minorities. Relentless hate speech continues as the opposition filed a police report against UMNO lawmaker Mohamad Aziz for suggesting in parliament that leading electoral reform campaigner Ambiga Sreenevasan should be hanged for treason. Despite retracting his statement two days later, the lawmaker was not reprimanded by the party leadership. Sreenevasan, a recipient of an International Woman of Courage award, has reported receiving death threats and has taken measures to ensure her safety, including hiring a bodyguard and installing security cameras at her Kuala Lumpur home. The ethnic Indian activist has also faced calls for her Malaysian citizenship to be revoked and has been labeled the "anti-Christ" by the right-wing Perkasa group. Sreenevasan expressed her disappointment in the persistent hate speech and lack of action from leadership. Following her leadership in a protest for electoral reforms in Kuala Lumpur, she faced further protests outside her home from former soldiers and market traders who claimed financial losses. Some protesters even engaged in disrespectful acts by pointing their buttocks towards her house. People who know Najib well say he is a polite man who does not engage in dirty politics. However, his reluctance to strongly condemn acts of violence and intimidation has been criticized by the opposition for emboldening extremists. Following a controversial comment made in parliament, he cautioned coalition MPs against making statements that could offend other races or parties within the coalition. Malaysia's Home Minister, Hishamuddin Hussein, acknowledged the presence of political intimidation in the current politically charged environment. Lim, a member of the opposition who was detained under the Internal Security Act and imprisoned for sedition, accused the Barisan Nasional of not just tacitly approving but actively supporting and condoning acts of physical intimidation against him. Anwar Ibrahim, another opposition leader who was falsely imprisoned, blamed UMNO for incidents such as a group of youths throwing stones at his car in February. His daughter, opposition MP Nurul Izzah Anwar, also reported violence at one of her rallies in May, where rocks, water bottles, and eggs were thrown resulting in injuries. This is part of a pattern of opposition rallies being disrupted, sometimes violently, in recent months. It is not known who carried out the attacks, but critics of the opposition claim that the police have not been successful in apprehending the culprits or promptly addressing the acts of violence. | 2 |
Chief adviser Fakhruddin Ahmed urged people to conserve energy and avoid wasting gas and electricity in order to reduce the gap between supply and demand. Speaking at a workshop and exhibition on "Energy Conservation and Renewable Energy Programmes" at Dhaka Sheraton Hotel, Fakhruddin emphasized the importance of using energy-efficient lighting, implementing energy-saving technology in industries, and harnessing renewable energy sources like solar and wind power. He noted that the promotion of energy conservation and renewable energy technology has become a worldwide trend due to the rising prices of petroleum products, as well as increasing awareness about the impacts of climate change and the depletion of natural resources. Fakhruddin also highlighted that Bangladesh is no different from the rest of the world in this regard. The government is working on a draft of the Energy Conservation Act that will include provisions in the building code to ensure energy efficiency. This will involve shading buildings from sunlight, using energy-efficient air-conditioners and coolers, insulation materials, lights, and appliances. The government is also providing support for solar home systems and has reduced import duty on solar panels. They are now looking into other applications of solar energy such as water heating, irrigation pumping, and street lighting. The CA stated that the government was interested in promoting private investments in the economic sectors and was encouraging public-private partnerships in the energy sector. Fakhruddin also mentioned that the government was considering implementing policies for the establishment of merchant power plants by the private sector. He explained that if these policies were adopted, small power plants, captive power plants, and merchant power plants would have the ability to sell power to their preferred customers. The Bangladesh Energy Regulatory Commission would be responsible for overseeing this matter, according to the CA. Fakhruddin expressed optimism that the workshop would generate new and innovative ideas for promoting energy conservation and the use of renewable energy in the country. | 2 |
The world's oldest and longest-reigning monarch spent the night in the hospital on Wednesday but returned to Windsor Castle the next day, with officials stating that she was in good spirits and back to work. The queen, who had to postpone a trip to Northern Ireland, was advised by her medical team to rest, but her illness was not related to COVID-19. The palace announced that she had some preliminary medical tests on Wednesday and returned to Windsor Castle on Thursday, still in good spirits. The reason for her medical attention was not disclosed, and some royal reporters hoped for a more detailed explanation. Prime Minister Boris Johnson sent his best wishes and mentioned that the queen was back at work. Johnson informed reporters that Her Majesty, Queen Elizabeth, has returned to work at her desk in Windsor after staying at the King Edward VII hospital in London for practical reasons. A source close to the queen mentioned that her medical team took a cautious approach and now she is resting and doing light official duties. Elizabeth, who is queen of multiple realms, including Australia and Canada, resumed work on Thursday afternoon and is carrying out some light duties. Despite significant political, social, and cultural changes during her reign, Elizabeth has symbolized stability for the British people, helping maintain the popularity of the monarchy. Her quiet and dutiful commitment to her responsibilities, even as she grows older, has earned her respect in Britain and beyond, including from those who wish to abolish the monarchy. Elizabeth recently hosted a drinks reception for billionaire business leaders at Windsor, following a green investment conference led by Prime Minister Boris Johnson. She was joined by her son Prince Charles and grandson Prince William, and they greeted guests like US climate envoy John Kerry without masks. The queen, wearing a teal outfit and pearls, appeared in photos smiling and chatting with guests, showcasing her good health as she approaches her 70th year on the throne. The last time she is believed to have stayed overnight in a hospital was in 2013 due to symptoms of gastroenteritis. In 2018, she had a successful surgery for an eye cataract, and in 2003, she underwent a knee operation. Royal officials are hesitant to discuss her health issues. Her husband, Prince Philip, passed away in April at the age of 99. Despite this, she continues to fulfill her official duties, though she has delegated more responsibilities to Charles and other members of the royal family due to her age. Recently, she was spotted using a walking stick in public for the first time, besides after her knee operation. She not only suffered the loss of her husband, whom she called her source of strength, but her second son Prince Andrew has also stepped back from royal responsibilities due to his association with Jeffrey Epstein. Additionally, her grandson Prince Harry and his wife Meghan have distanced themselves from the royal family and made critical remarks about Buckingham Palace after moving to Los Angeles. Queen Elizabeth's next important event is at the end of the month, where she will welcome world leaders at the start of COP26 in Glasgow. | 2 |
The United Nations stated that investing in energy efficiency for power plants, buildings, and cars is a crucial step in slowing global warming. They emphasized that curbing emissions of greenhouse gases in developing nations can be done more affordably than in wealthy nations. According to a UN report presented at a meeting in Vienna, the cost of reducing emissions to current levels by 2030 would be 0.3 to 0.5 percent of projected GDP, or 1.1 to 1.7 percent of global investment flows. Yvo de Boer, the head of the U.N. Climate Change Secretariat, highlighted that energy efficiency is the most effective way to reduce greenhouse gases in the near future. Last week, a 216-page report was released online. The study could provide valuable guidance to governments meeting in Austria to address long-term strategies for combating global warming beyond the UN's Kyoto Protocol. The protocol requires 35 wealthy nations to limit greenhouse gas emissions by 2008-12. According to the report, it is estimated that an additional investment of $200 billion-$210 billion will be needed by 2030 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to current levels. This includes initiatives for energy supply, forestry, and transportation. Improving energy efficiency in power plants, increasing fuel efficiency in vehicles, and enhancing insulation in buildings are suggested measures. The study predicts a transition towards renewable energy sources like solar and hydropower, along with some nuclear power. It also projects that investments in helping countries adapt to the effects of climate change could reach tens of billions of dollars by 2030, including efforts to combat diseases like malaria and build protective structures against rising sea levels. The report suggests that carbon markets must be expanded significantly to meet the demands for increased investments and financial support. Currently, companies are responsible for approximately 60 percent of global investments. According to experts, this report is the first of its kind to provide an overview of the necessary investments for a single year, specifically 2030. The report addresses some missing information in a broader context provided by previous reports, such as one by former World Bank chief economist Nicholas Stern, who stated that it would be more cost-effective to address climate change now rather than waiting to deal with the consequences. U.N. reports this year have also predicted that global warming will result in more heat waves, droughts, disease, disruptions in agriculture, and higher global sea levels. De Boer emphasized the need for increased investments in developing nations, stating that the majority of cost-effective opportunities exist in these countries. However, he also noted that this does not mean that wealthy nations should only focus on investing abroad rather than at home, as over half of the necessary energy investments are required in developing countries. China is constructing two new coal-fired power plants every week to support its expanding economy. It has been suggested that investing in more environmentally friendly technology, like filtering and storing carbon emissions, could be beneficial. | 2 |
After years of unfulfilled promises, a paved road connecting Kenya to Ethiopia is finally becoming a reality with the help of Chinese road engineers. The ambitious project aims to replace a challenging rock track with tarmac, spanning 530 kilometers from Isiolo to Moyale on the border. This road, part of the Great North Road envisioned by British colonialists, is one of the last unpaved sections in the region. China's involvement in this project signifies a shift in the development of the area, as they work towards creating a major trade route that will unlock the economic potential of the northern half of Kenya. This collaboration between China and the Kenyan government reflects a growing trend across Africa, where China's interests in resources and economic growth align with the goals of local governments to develop untapped regions. The construction of a new road in a beautiful but historically troubled area is expected to bring economic benefits such as increased tourism and trade. The road project, funded by the African Development Bank and the Kenyan government, is being carried out by China Wu Yi (Kenya) Co. The completion of the road between Isiolo and Moyale could potentially increase trade between Kenya and Ethiopia by fivefold, according to estimates by the AfDB. Additionally, trade between China and Kenya has been steadily increasing in recent years. The tarmac of the Cape-to-Cairo road ends abruptly at the edge of pavement in Isiolo, signaling the border between the two Kenyas according to residents. Many in the northern region feel disconnected from the rest of the country, with hopes that improving the road will boost tourism and generate revenue for the area. However, there are some individuals who question China's intentions, echoing the uncertainty felt by many Africans towards the Asian country's investment efforts. In some African nations such as Zambia, there are concerns that China is essentially colonizing the region again by exploiting its resources and flooding the market with inexpensive products. Despite these suspicions, China has a long history of trade and collaboration with Kenya spanning 50 years. Currently, the Chinese are focused on reconstructing the initial portion of the Isiolo-Moyale road to facilitate the transportation of heavy machinery to Merti, located approximately 80 km (50 miles) east of the section they have committed to develop. Companies like China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) and Sweden's Lundin Petroleum AB are conducting seismic tests in Merti in preparation for oil drilling operations next year. In Isiolo, residents have harbored suspicions about oil exploration ever since a venture in the 1980s failed to produce any results under questionable circumstances. There are other indications of growing resentment in the community. In a recent incident on April 21, a Chinese engineer was fatally shot by bandits near the Merille River. According to tribal elders, the engineer was targeted due to a belief that not enough local men had been hired by the Chinese company. Wu, a representative of the project, stated that the majority of the project's workforce consisted of Kenyans, with all day laborers being from the local area. Following the shooting incident, the Kenyan government deployed its elite paramilitary General Service Unit to the Merille River region in order to disarm young individuals and establish a security presence. The construction of a road in the area is seen as a crucial development that could potentially improve the connectivity of northern Kenya and put an end to years of neglect. During the colonial era, Isiolo served as an isolated outpost on the edge of the closed Northern Frontier District, which extended across the top half of Kenya from Uganda and Sudan in the west to Ethiopia and Somalia in the east. George Cardovillis, a Kenyan with Greek roots, highlighted the restrictive regulations that prohibited Europeans from residing in the area due to its perceived dangers and harsh climate. The government instructed them to continue their journey over 600 km (373 miles) to Maralal, south of Isiolo towards Ethiopia. The landscape remains unchanged, with desolate stretches of black volcanic stones and reddish sands, similar to when Cardovillis' ancestors traveled south in a donkey train. The sun still beats down with intense heat, mountains are visible in the distance, and water is hard to come by. Electricity, telephone lines, and most other services are almost non-existent in the area. Despite this lack of infrastructure, Kenya's national parks remain untouched and pristine, with some rarely visited due to their remote location. Just 50 km past Isiolo are three game reserves that are comparable to the popular Maasai Mara in terms of the number and variety of animals. It was in this region that Joy Adamson, the author of "Born Free," settled to raise leopards until her tragic death. Jayne Nguatah, the manager of Sarova Shaba lodge in Shaba park, believes that their occupancy rates will increase significantly once the road construction is completed. The Sarova Shaba will be a Christmas present for us. Located on the banks of the Ewaso Nyiro river, the lodge is surrounded by crocodiles, Samburu and Borana herdsmen, baboons, and monkeys. The main lodge resembles a treehouse and is situated over a natural spring. However, the challenges of establishing a sustainable tourism industry in northern Kenya go beyond just infrastructure. Banditry and tribal conflicts are frequent due to the influx of weapons from historical and current conflicts in neighboring countries like Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan, and Uganda. Security forces are thinly spread as nomadic herders continue to search for pasture and water for their animals, a practice that has been ongoing for centuries. Some herders now carry modern assault rifles, while others still use rifles from colonial times. Despite industrial activity near Isiolo by Chinese engineers, people in Moyale are skeptical that the road will reach them. Plans to extend the road beyond the current Chinese construction project are still in the planning stages. Trader Gumucha Gisiko expressed his frustration by mentioning that for 45 years, they have been assured of the construction of the road. He waved his hand dismissively and emphasized the importance of seeing it to believe it. | 2 |
Preliminary results indicated that the Christian Social Union (CSU) received 37.3 percent of the vote, falling short of an absolute majority for only the second time since 1962. This outcome is expected to lead to internal conflicts within the conservative party, which has been a challenging partner for Merkel in Berlin. Bavarian premier Markus Soeder acknowledged the disappointing result, stating that today is a difficult day for the CSU. Despite this setback, he expressed a desire to establish a stable government promptly. The CSU will now need to form a coalition, a situation that is seen as a humiliation for a party accustomed to governing independently, especially with the pro-immigration Greens coming in second and the far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD) entering the state assembly for the first time. The Greens significantly increased their share of the vote to 17.8 percent, gaining support from more liberal CSU voters and those who typically vote for the left-leaning Social Democrats (SPD), who only received 9.5 percent. Fred Kempe, president of the Atlantic Council think-tank in Washington, referred to the election results in Bavaria as a political earthquake with potential implications for Berlin. Although not directly mentioning Merkel, SPD leader Andrea Nahles criticized the federal government in Berlin, where the SPD is in a coalition with the conservatives, as a factor in her party's poor performance in Bavaria. She emphasized the need for change. Horst Seehofer, leader of the CSU, has been causing problems for Angela Merkel since 2015 when she decided to open Germany's borders to over 1 million migrants. He has gradually shifted his party to the right in an unsuccessful attempt to combat the rise of the AfD. The Bavarian State Prime Minister Markus Soeder reacted to the first exit polls in the Bavarian state election on October 14, 2018. According to political scientist Michael Weigl from the University of Passau, Seehofer's personal attacks on Merkel and his tough stance on asylum seekers were responsible for the CSU's poor performance. This strategy led to a polarized political climate that benefited the Greens and the AfD the most. When asked about resigning as CSU leader, Seehofer mentioned to ZDF that he was considering it but needed to analyze the various reasons for the party's poor performance. The preliminary results showed that the AfD had won 10.7 percent of the vote, while the Free Voters, a protest party that could potentially be the CSU's coalition partner, won 11.6 percent. The CSU has already ruled out forming an alliance with the AfD. The divisions between Merkel's Christian Democratic Union and the CSU have deepened since they were forced into a coalition with the Social Democrats in March following an inconclusive national election. The Bavarian election will be followed by another test for Merkel's conservative alliance, the Union, in two weeks when her CDU is expected to remain the largest party but lose votes in the election in Hesse, which is home to the financial center of Frankfurt. Merkel will seek re-election as party chairwoman at the annual CDU congress in December, a move supported by senior conservatives despite the recent ousting of her ally, Volker Kauder, as leader of the parliamentary party. Before the Bavarian vote, Merkel called for an end to infighting within the CDU and CSU allies. Her fourth and likely final government has faced near-collapse twice due to disputes over immigration and a scandal involving a former spymaster. Jan Techau from The German Marshall Fund of the United States think-tank described Merkel as "exhausted and weakened." He mentioned that despite initial doubts, her decision to stay neutral may not be as foolish given the recent outcome for the CSU. The future of this decision will be determined by the results in Hesse. | 2 |
The recent hurricane in financial markets has not yet significantly affected trade flows. However, the lack of regulation that has been blamed for the current financial crisis is leading to calls for stronger rules of commerce through a new trade agreement. China's deputy WTO ambassador, Xiang Zhang, believes that concluding negotiations for a new trade deal would send a positive signal to the world economy and business community. Conversely, failure to reach a deal after seven years could result in a new crisis of confidence in business. WTO Director-General Pascal Lamy is still aiming to achieve a preliminary agreement on agriculture and industrial goods by the end of the year in the Doha round, launched in 2001. Both Lamy and EU trade chief Peter Mandelson have expressed concern that the financial crisis could lead to an increase in protectionism, which would hinder economic growth. They believe that a new trade deal is necessary to secure the benefits of globalization. The crisis may also divert the attention of world leaders away from trade issues, making it difficult to reach an agreement. However, the proposed $700 billion bailout for the U.S. financial industry could help alleviate some of these concerns. Any trade deal would not be finalized until at least 2009 or 2010, and its implementation would take several years, delaying its economic impact. This delayed effect would also prevent any immediate financial market changes in response to changing trade flows. Experts believe that a trade deal would improve business confidence by indicating a reduction in barriers to business, a well-functioning world trading system, and successful global cooperation. According to Fredrik Erixon, head of the Brussels trade policy think-tank ECIPE, existing WTO agreements prevent countries from significantly increasing tariffs. He also expressed optimism that a financial crisis would not lead to economic nationalism like in the 1930s. However, the current climate of deregulation being blamed for the crisis and criticism of Anglo-Saxon laissez-faire liberalization by French President Nicolas Sarkozy and German Finance Minister Peer Steinbrueck could hinder progress in trade talks, particularly in liberalizing trade in financial services. However, during a meeting in July, governments indicated their willingness to open up markets to various services, despite the credit crunch not hindering negotiations on banking. John Cooke, the chairman of the Liberalisation of Trade in Services Committee, emphasized the distinction between market access, the focus of trade negotiations, and financial contagion, a regulatory concern. Cooke highlighted the inevitability of globalization, with increasing trade and investment leading to international economic interdependence. He emphasized the importance of financing trade and investment as the world continues to globalize. Trade rounds aim to not only liberalize commerce but also establish fair rules for the international trading system that benefit all countries. In the current Doha round, developing countries are advocating for the reduction of agricultural subsidies in rich nations, which artificially lower prices and disadvantage farmers in poorer countries. Munir Ahmed, secretary-general of the International Textiles and Clothing Bureau, likened these subsidies to short-selling in the stock market, where investors borrow and sell shares they believe are overvalued in hopes of buying them back at a lower price. Ahmed, a former Pakistani ambassador to the WTO, emphasized the importance of reaching a Doha deal to establish regulations in international commerce and highlighted the added urgency due to the financial crisis as a reminder that good times do not last forever. With the economy experiencing significant growth in recent years, many companies have not felt the urgency to advocate for changes to trade regulations that would prevent protectionism from resurging. As a result, there has been less pressure on governments to finalize a deal, leading to the possibility of reversing unilateral tariff and subsidy cuts. New Zealand's WTO ambassador, Crawford Falconer, emphasized the importance of addressing this issue promptly to prevent setbacks in the financial world. | 2 |
The government of Bangladesh and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) have signed an agreement for a new project focused on vulnerable communities living in coastal areas. The project, titled "Community-based Adaptation to Climate Change through Coastal Afforestation in Bangladesh", aims to increase the resilience of coastal communities and ecosystems through community-led adaptation efforts. UNDP country director Stefan Priesner stated that this project is crucial in addressing the development challenge of climate change in Bangladesh and demonstrating effective adaptation strategies for vulnerable coastal communities. The project's goal is to improve the knowledge and capabilities of government authorities and planners at various levels to address climate risks in coastal areas and implement suitable risk reduction strategies. It will operate in five coastal districts - Barguna, Patuakhali, Bhola, Noakhali, and Chittagong - and hopes to serve as a model for other least developed countries working on climate change adaptation projects. The project's outcomes will be showcased at the upcoming Climate Conference in Copenhagen in December. | 2 |
New genetic evidence presented by US researchers suggests that Christopher Columbus may have introduced syphilis to Europe from the New World, sparking a debate on the disease's origins. Through a genetic analysis of the syphilis family tree, researchers found that its closest relative is a South American cousin that causes yaws. Evolutionary biologist Kristin Harper from Emory University in Atlanta believes that syphilis or a precursor of the disease came from the New World to the Old World relatively recently in human history. The study was published in the journal Public Library of Science Neglected Tropical Diseases. She stated that the research gives credibility to the "Columbian theory," which connects the first recorded European syphilis outbreak in 1495 to Columbus and his crew returning. "When you combine our genetic findings with that outbreak in Naples in 1495, it strongly supports the Columbian hypothesis," she explained. Syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease caused by the Treponema pallidum bacterium, starts as a sore and can progress to a rash, fever, and eventually lead to blindness, paralysis, and dementia. The most recent evidence of its origins comes from skeletal remains discovered in both the New World and the Old World. Chronic syphilis can leave distinctive lesions on bones. During a telephone interview, Harper described it as having a worm-eaten appearance. She utilized phylogenetics to analyze the evolutionary relationships among 26 strains of Treponema bacteria, which cause syphilis, bejel, and yaws. The study included sequencing two previously unexamined strains of yaws from remote areas in Guyana. Harper examined 21 different regions in search of DNA changes among the strains. They came to the conclusion that while yaws has been around for a long time, venereal syphilis is a more recent infection. Harper believes that a nonvenereal form of yaws in the tropics evolved into venereal syphilis that could survive in the colder European climate. However, it is unclear how this transformation occurred. Harper stated that the precursor of syphilis originated in the New World, but its exact nature remains unknown. In a commentary in the same journal, Connie Mulligan and colleagues from the University of Florida disagreed with Harper's analysis, suggesting that her conclusions relied too heavily on genetic changes from the Guyana samples. Mulligan proposed that more accurate information could be obtained by analyzing DNA extracted from ancient bones or preserved tissues. Harper agrees that further research is necessary to clarify the transmission of syphilis to the New World. "This is a low-quality image," she remarked. | 2 |
Myanmar opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi had a rare meeting with a government minister on Monday, possibly signaling improved relations between her and the country's new military-backed leadership. Suu Kyi, who was informed of the meeting just a day prior, met with Labour Minister Aung Kyi for over an hour at a state guesthouse. This was the first known interaction between the 66-year-old activist and a member of the new civilian government. Both parties expressed positivity and satisfaction with the meeting, during which they discussed issues beneficial to Myanmar's people. Aung Kyi had previously met with Suu Kyi nine times between 2007 and now, while she was under detention and he was a minister liaising between her and the military government. He rejected the idea that these previous meetings were futile and expressed hope for further dialogue with Suu Kyi. Aung Kyi informed reporters that there were positive outcomes from past meetings and they anticipate improved results from the current talks. Alongside Suu Kyi, he issued a joint statement to the media, emphasizing the discussions centered on potential collaboration for the well-being of the people. This encompassed topics such as upholding the rule of law, addressing disunity, and addressing issues that will be advantageous to the general public. The country saw a new government take power in April, marking the end of nearly five decades of direct military control over the nation, which was formerly a British colony. Since being released from seven years of house arrest in November, Suu Kyi has consistently called for discussions with the new rulers. Nyan Win, a spokesperson for the National League for Democracy (NLD), Suu Kyi's active but officially disbanded party, noted that there have been signs of progress in the political climate and that the government's invitation to Suu Kyi shows some improvement. Suu Kyi has been cautious not to provoke the government since her release, refraining from criticizing the November 7 election, which was widely seen as fraudulent. The government and military have softened their stance towards Suu Kyi, occasionally criticizing her in state-controlled media but allowing her to travel and meet with diplomats, journalists, and supporters. Analysts believe that the government understands that taking action against Suu Kyi would upset the international community and prevent the lifting of Western sanctions in the near future. Having a dialogue with Suu Kyi could be seen as a strategic move by Myanmar's secretive leaders, many of whom have a military background, to demonstrate to foreign governments their willingness to engage. Christopher Roberts, a Southeast Asia expert at Australian National University, believes that the meeting was more than just a publicity stunt. He views it as part of a larger effort by the government to make gradual improvements. Myanmar is working towards establishing a credible government system and a positive image, and is seeking to normalize its relations with other countries. In addition to meeting with representatives from the US, Australia, and the UN, Myanmar's leaders have also allowed them to engage with Suu Kyi. Roberts stated that it would carry out these actions as long as they do not compromise security or stability. | 2 |
His complete tweet stated that the recently established Disinformation Board should evaluate his tweet, or perhaps they should establish a new Non Sequitur Board. He believes that discussing raising corporate taxes is acceptable and discussing taming inflation is crucial. However, he feels that combining the two topics is simply a diversion. Bezos, who owns The Washington Post, continued to express his displeasure in a subsequent tweet on Sunday, as reported by the DealBook newsletter. He praised Joe Manchin, the moderate senator from West Virginia who has often disagreed with other Democrats on economic matters, blocking further stimulus plans. Bezos commended Manchin for preventing Democrats from making a mistake, involving Amazon in political matters during a challenging time internally, as employees were pushing for unionization. Amid backlash faced by companies involved in controversial debates, many executives have been trying to avoid getting involved. Engaging in a public debate with the government about taxes on Twitter would draw attention to a sensitive issue for Amazon, which reported nearly $36 billion in US pretax income in 2021 but claimed to owe only about $2 billion in federal taxes. That is a tax rate of 6 percent, which is less than one-third of what both corporations and workers have to pay. When Biden announced plans to increase rates and close tax loopholes last year, he specifically called out Amazon, stating, "I don't want to punish them, but that's just not right." Amazon did not respond to DealBook's request for a comment. Disney recently lost its special tax status in Florida after opposing a law that restricted discussions on gender identity in schools. Now, Republican lawmakers at both the state and federal levels are working on similar retaliatory legislation for politically active businesses. However, for executives, it is a delicate balance. Many individuals involved with corporations are urging them to take a stand on social issues, particularly now that abortion rights are a prominent topic in the upcoming midterm elections. Amazon's current CEO, Andy Jassy, is likely not eager to enter this debate at the moment. Jeff Bezos, on the other hand, quietly builds relationships with the government, similar to Elon Musk. Despite publicly criticizing the Biden administration, Bezos's Blue Origin and Musk's SpaceX both heavily lobby officials for space exploration funding and NASA contracts. Senator Bernie Sanders has accused these billionaires of treating NASA as a source of easy money. He used Twitter to address Bezos on Saturday regarding Amazon's labor problems and increasing profits, stating that Amazon is spreading false information by promoting anti-union messages and requiring workers to attend illegal meetings. He also criticized Amazon for attributing a 17 percent price increase to inflation while making a significant profit and avoiding taxes. | 2 |
Alibaba has committed to achieving carbon neutrality by 2030 for its direct emissions (scope 1) and indirect emissions (scope 2) from electricity and heating consumption. The company also aims to reduce carbon intensity by 50% by 2030 for its wider value chain emissions (scope 3) related to transportation, purchased goods and services, and waste. Additionally, Alibaba plans to decrease overall CO2 emissions by 1.5 gigatonnes by 2035. To reach these targets, the company will utilize new energy-saving technologies, increase the use of renewables, and explore carbon removal initiatives. CEO Daniel Zhang emphasized the importance of encouraging actions and behavioral changes among consumers, merchants, and partners worldwide. Last year, President Xi Jinping declared that China's goal is to achieve carbon neutrality by around 2060. This announcement has compelled the country's large corporations to create their own plans to reach "net zero." However, many of China's major tech companies continue to heavily rely on coal-powered energy, with only a few committing to transitioning to renewable sources of electricity. According to a report from Greenpeace earlier this year, Tencent Holdings was ranked as the top Chinese cloud service provider in terms of obtaining renewable energy and reducing emissions, followed by Huawei Technologies, Baidu Inc, and Alibaba. | 2 |
At the age of 12, she used her mother's credit card to purchase a $29 Kylie Lip Kit in Candy K, which included a matte pink liquid lipstick and matching lip liner. The debut makeup product from Kylie Jenner sold out quickly in 2015, causing the website to crash and propelling the youngest Kardashian-Jenner sibling to beauty mogul status by the age of 18. Lip Kits became a must-have item, even making their way into the New York City bar and bat mitzvah circuit, where emcees would throw the popular lip colors and liners into the crowd of dancing tweens in bandage dresses. In five years, the beauty market has exploded, generating nearly $500 billion in sales last year according to Euromonitor. Celebrities are dominating social media with products like lip gloss, face lotion, and even vibrators, promising plump lips, glowing skin, and a better sex life. New beauty lines are constantly being released, like Harry Styles' Pleasing nail polish in vintage-inspired jars and Machine Gun Kelly's UN/DN LAQR nail polish with paint splatter shades. Ariana Grande and Chiara Ferragni also have new makeup lines, with themes like space and pink sparkles. Billie Eilish and Addison Rae have introduced perfumes. Lori Harvey, daughter of Steve Harvey, has launched her SKN by LH skincare line, while Demi Lovato has created the Demi Wand, an eight-speed vibrator in collaboration with Bellesa, a website geared towards women. Hailey Bieber has announced that her Rhode Beauty products will be available for purchase next year, named after her middle name. The trend is starting to seem like a parody. When the Alex Rodriguez concealer for men, a collaboration with Hims & Hers, was released in May and gained attention in celebrity news outlets like The Shade Room, many people initially thought it was a joke. Dua expressed skepticism towards celebrity beauty brands, a sentiment that is shared by many of her peers according to Hana Ben-Shabat, founder of Gen Z Planet, a research firm. Ben-Shabat's research shows that 19% of Gen Zers are influenced by celebrities when making purchasing decisions, while 66% cite their friends as the most influential. Stacey Berke, a 34-year-old addiction counselor from Rochester, New York, commented on how celebrities promote their skincare products and deny using Botox, attributing their appearance solely to their own products. "It becomes difficult to believe." The traditional method of using celebrities to endorse products is no longer sufficient. Consumers now expect to see evidence of expertise or genuine interest in the product being promoted. According to Lucie Greene, a trend forecaster and founder of the Light Years consultancy, the transactional nature of celebrity endorsements is becoming more evident. It is no longer seen as a genuine endorsement driven by passion. Additionally, it is widely known that celebrities often undergo cosmetic procedures to enhance their appearance. Consumers are aware that there is no miracle product that can make someone look significantly younger or change their physical features. Richard Gersten, an investor and founder of True Beauty Ventures, noted that transitioning from making money by promoting other brands to creating one's own brand may not always be the best motivation for creating something. He mentioned that his firm has been approached by at least 10 celebrity or influencer brands recently. Rachel ten Brink, a general partner of Red Bike Capital and founder of Scentbird, highlighted how social media has changed the way fans interact with celebrities, allowing them to access more intimate aspects of their lives in real time. "You are essentially owning a piece of a celebrity by following them on social media platforms such as Instagram, Twitter, or TikTok," stated ten Brink. "This allows you to connect with them in a unique way." After the popularity of celebrity fragrances in the early 2000s, such as those by Britney Spears, Justin Bieber, and 50 Cent, Kylie Cosmetics introduced a new type of celebrity brand that focused on selling makeup and skincare products online. Jenner revolutionized the marketing and selling of a brand, which had previously been done mainly at department stores or Sephora. With just one Instagram post, Jenner could sell millions of dollars worth of lipstick. Then, in 2017, Rihanna's Fenty Beauty changed the beauty industry by emphasizing inclusivity, diverse shade ranges, and discussions about race. In its first complete year, the brand brought in over 500 million dollars in revenue, according to LVMH, the French luxury conglomerate and co-owner of Fenty Beauty. Another example is Goop, which has established itself as a lifestyle brand over the last ten years. Gwyneth Paltrow, its founder, sells skincare products, supplements, bath salts, and athleisure. Many have attempted to imitate these successful business models. However, some in the industry are not fully convinced by well-known founders, such as John Demsey, the executive group president of Estée Lauder Cos, which owns brands like Estée Lauder, MAC Cosmetics, and Clinique. He has collaborated with many celebrities, but he stated that there will not be a brand solely based on one. On December 1, MAC, known for its collaborations with A-listers such as Mary J Blige, Rihanna, Lady Gaga, and Mariah Carey, launched its new Viva Glam lipstick without a celebrity for the first time in 27 years. Demsey mentioned that it felt like the right time, with the red, blue, and yellow lipsticks featuring Keith Haring designs on the tubes. They focused on the core essence of the product and the brand. A collaboration is temporary, while a brand is long-lasting. The majority of celebrity beauty brands are unsuccessful. In an attempt to discover successful celebrity beauty brands beyond Kylie Cosmetics, Fenty, and Goop, a variety of individuals were interviewed for this article, including executives and high school students. However, none were able to name any other successful brands. According to Demsey, relying solely on influence or having a large social media following is not enough. For example, in June, Vanessa Hudgens and Madison Beer introduced Know Beauty, a skin care line that utilizes DNA testing to create a personalized skincare regimen. Know Beauty made a big entrance when it first launched, but has been less active recently, despite still selling products on its website. The company declined to discuss its business. Lady Gaga's Haus Laboratories, which was highly anticipated when it was introduced two years ago, did not resonate with her dedicated fan base. Recently, the brand hired a new executive team to concentrate on improving products, ingredients, and packaging. The new Casa Gaga collection has a different aesthetic from the original black packaging. Lipsticks, highlighters, blush, and other cosmetics are now available in white packaging with gold accents. Haus Laboratories did not provide a comment on their business. Other well-known incidents include Tati Westbrook closing Tati Beauty and Rflct shutting down due to false anti-blue-light claims. Many celebrity cosmetic lines are actually created by a few companies known as brand factories or "incubators" that specialize in developing multiple labels quickly. They are either created in partnership with a celebrity or crafted with the goal of partnering with a celebrity in the future. For instance, Beach House Group developed Millie Bobby Brown’s Florence by Mills, Kendall Jenner’s Moon oral care line, and Tracee Ellis Ross’ Pattern hair care. Forma Brands, the owner of Morphe, is responsible for Jaclyn Cosmetics and Grande’s R E M Beauty. Maesa is behind Drew Barrymore’s Flower Beauty, Kristin Ess Hair, Taraji P Henson’s TPH by Taraji hair care, and Jada Pinkett Smith’s Hey Humans personal care line. According to experts, most brands created by these companies are not meant to be long-lasting businesses, although Ross' Pattern line seems to be successful and could outlast many of its competitors. Greg Portell, a partner at the Kearney consulting firm, explained that incubators are designed for rapid growth rather than brand-building. Shaun Neff, founder of Beach House Group, mentioned that his team creates concepts for new companies and then partners with a celebrity. Neff cited Kendall Jenner as an example, stating that she was chosen for her status as a supermodel, large fan base, and good taste. The decline of celebrity brands is also influenced by shifting cultural values. Older customers are more likely to be attracted by celebrities, but it is more challenging to attract young millennials and Gen Zers who value authenticity. Dua questioned the skincare knowledge of Brown, the 17-year-old star of "Stranger Things," whose skincare line was released when she was 15, expressing doubts about her expertise. Wearing someone else's makeup goes against the idea of self-expression, which is important to younger generations. They do not want to emulate celebrities like Addison Rae; they want to be unique. | 2 |
In 2018, Kasim Reed, the former Atlanta mayor, faced scandal and disappeared from the political scene. Now, he has reemerged as a contender for a third term, focusing on addressing the rise in violent crime in Atlanta. Reed claims to be the only candidate with the necessary experience to tackle this issue, promising to increase the number of police officers in the city. Similar to Eric Adams, Reed aims to strengthen law enforcement while also responding to calls for a change in policing culture. He stated in a recent television ad that they would be training in a manner influenced by the aftermath of George Floyd's death. Most of Reed's main opponents in the nonpartisan race are Democrats and are also promoting a similar message, which is a departure from the defund-the-police stance seen during the protests of 2020. Reed's performance in the upcoming November election could reveal how much voters are willing to forgive in politicians as long as they believe they will bring stability. His time in office was marked by a aggressive demeanor that some viewed as bullying, as well as scandals involving kickbacks, misuse of public funds, and weapons offenses. Felicia Moore, the City Council president and a top contender for mayor against Reed, hopes voters will consider the corruption scandals involving his administration. She stated that the leadership must accept accountability for the actions of their administration because he was the leader of that organization. However, in Atlanta, crime has become a major issue, with the number of homicides investigated by Atlanta police rising from 99 in 2019 to 157 in 2020. This increase occurred during a year when the US saw its largest one-year increase in homicides on record, and Atlanta is on track for an even worse year. Some of the homicides that have occurred in the past year have been particularly shocking to residents, such as the killing of an 8-year-old girl in a car with her mother last summer and the kidnapping and murder of a 27-year-old bartender returning home from a shift last month. A 40-year-old woman and her dog were brutally murdered while on a late-night walk near Piedmont Park in July. The violence in Atlanta is becoming more random and widespread, according to mayoral candidate Sharon Gay, who was also a victim of a mugging in Inman Park. The political implications of the violence extend beyond the mayor's office, with Georgia Republicans using the crime in liberal Atlanta as a campaign issue, despite a rise in violent crime in cities led by both Democrats and Republicans. Brian Kemp has allocated funds for a new "crime suppression unit" in the city. The upscale Buckhead neighborhood is considering seceding from Atlanta, mainly due to concerns about crime, which could have a negative impact on the city's tax base. Some critics believe that Mayor Keisha Lance Bottoms has not effectively addressed the crime issue. Prior to Bottoms' announcement that she would not seek reelection, former Mayor Reed criticized the high levels of crime in the city, which was seen as a shift against Bottoms and a hint that Reed may be planning a return to politics. When it arrived, it brought with it a significant amount of charm and elegance. Reed made a bold declaration at a lavish party at Tyrese Gibson's mansion in Buckhead, stating that the future of Atlanta was on the line. He emphasized that he was back and urged people to spread the word to other major cities. Within a short period of time, he had collected around $1 million in campaign donations. However, the notion that Atlanta would benefit from returning to the years when Reed was mayor, from 2010 to 2017, is a topic of much disagreement. Reed claims responsibility for maintaining low crime rates during his time in office and takes pride in recruiting numerous police officers. According to FBI statistics, violent crime in the city decreased starting in 2012 and continued to decrease during Reed's time as mayor. This decline in violent crime was part of a national trend that began in the early 1990s. However, despite the overall decrease in violent crimes in Atlanta through 2020, recent high-profile crimes have caused concern among residents. There has also been an increase in murders, rapes, and aggravated assaults compared to the previous year. Reed made bold decisions during his tenure, such as firing the city fire chief for making derogatory comments about homosexuality and implementing reforms to address the city's pension issues. Unfortunately, investigations into scandals within Reed's administration resulted in guilty pleas from several city officials. A former human services director, watershed management head, and chief financial officer have been indicted and are currently awaiting trial. In June, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution reported that Reed was possibly under federal investigation for using campaign funds for personal expenses, based on court documents and campaign records. In an interview, Reed stated that his lawyers were informed by the Department of Justice that he was not under investigation. The US Attorney's Office in Atlanta declined to comment. Reed admitted to accepting responsibility for issues that occurred during his time in office and pointed out that despite years of scrutiny, he has not faced any charges. He stated that he has undergone intense vetting and security measures that few people experience, and he has emerged with his reputation intact. He implied that racism may have played a role in the scrutiny he faced. He mentioned that federal investigations, such as those in Atlanta, often target Black political leaders, especially those in mayoral positions. According to a recent University of Georgia poll commissioned by The Journal-Constitution, Reed was slightly ahead in the mayoral race with approximately 24% support. However, 41% of likely voters were undecided, and Reed's opponents are working to sway them to their side. Some voters have grown tired of Reed. Bruce Maclachlan, an 85-year-old landlord residing in Inman Park near the location of Gay's mugging, expressed concerns about corruption seemingly connected to Kasim Reed. He mentioned feeling uncertain about the situation. Maclachlan disclosed his support for Moore, the City Council president, who was slightly trailing Reed in the poll with approximately 20% backing. He noted Moore's perceived honesty and lack of scandal. Robert Patillo, a criminal defence attorney, has experienced the crime issue firsthand. Recently, his sister's car was stolen, his laptop was taken from his car, and a friend's house was burglarized. He mentioned that everyone has been affected by crime in some way. Patillo expressed his support for Moore, believing that he would be more reliable and able to effectively address both crime and civil rights issues. However, he acknowledged the appeal of Reed, stating that people tend to turn to strong leaders when they are fearful. Pinky Cole, the creator of Slutty Vegan, had a contrasting opinion. Cole, a well-known young African American entrepreneur in the city, stated that Reed had assisted her with legal issues her business was facing. She believed that crime and the city's business climate were closely connected, a common viewpoint in Atlanta. She shared that two of her employees had been shot, one fatally, in recent months. Despite concerns about corruption cases, she trusted Reed's integrity and remembered how he had previously made the city safe. Cole expressed confidence that he would be able to do so again. | 2 |
The prime minister emphasized the vulnerability of the South Asian region to climate-induced natural disasters like cyclones, floods, and droughts during the virtual inauguration of the Global Centre on Adaptation's regional office in Dhaka. She warned that even a 1.5 degree Celsius rise in temperature could have severe consequences for Bangladesh and the region. Hasina also highlighted the vulnerability of children, women, elderly people, and individuals with special needs to disasters, while reaffirming Bangladesh's commitment to implementing the Paris Agreement and taking measures to limit carbon emissions and other environmental degradations. She mentioned that her government has implemented various mitigation and adaptation programs under the Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan created in 2009 to address the impacts of climate change. "We established the Bangladesh Climate Change Trust Fund in 2009 and have allocated 430 million US dollars from our own resources to implement the action plan," she stated. The government has been spending approximately 1% of our GDP, equivalent to $2 billion per year since 2010 for adaptation purposes. The prime minister also highlighted the Bangladesh Delta Plan-2100 as a long-term initiative to address the challenges posed by climate change and natural disasters. However, Hasina stressed the importance of enhancing resilience in South Asia to mitigate the impacts of climate-related disasters. "In the past decade alone, almost 700 million people, half of the region's population, have been affected by climate-related disasters." Before people can recover from a natural disaster, another one often occurs, undoing any progress that has been made. To break this cycle, South Asia must increase its resilience. Bangladeshi Prime Minister Hasina expressed optimism about the GCA's regional office in Bangladesh, stating that it will help improve adaptation and climate resilience efforts in South Asia. She hopes that the office will share successful adaptation practices from Bangladesh and other countries in the region, serving as a Center of Excellence for adaptation measures. According to Hasina, Bangladesh is looking for support from the GCA Dhaka office during its chairmanship of the Climate Vulnerable Forum and Vulnerable-20 in the next two years. She also urged the GCA to consider ways to assist the Delta Coalition in the long term. While praising Bangladesh's ability to handle natural disasters, the prime minister acknowledged the need for significant changes to reduce the impact of climate change. She believes that other countries in the region have similar experiences and successful adaptive measures, and together they can work towards a better future for everyone. "As climate change affects the entire world, I urge countries to strengthen their Nationally Determined Contributions by December 31st of this year to address this problem and implement the 2015 Paris Agreement. Following the repercussions of the pandemic, Hasina urged other nations to come together in solidarity to combat the current crisis and future challenges." | 2 |
The annual human rights assessment by the US State Department, released on Tuesday, highlighted issues in various countries. In Iraq, sectarian violence, terrorism, and acts of revenge by armed groups have hindered government efforts to establish and uphold the rule of law. Sunni Arab groups like al Qaeda in Iraq, remnants of the Baathist regime, and insurgents have violently opposed the government and targeted Shia communities. Meanwhile, Shia militias with connections to the Iraqi Security Forces have carried out large-scale death squad and kidnapping activities targeting Sunnis. PAKISTAN: Despite President Musharraf's pledge to promote democracy and 'enlightened moderation,' Pakistan's human rights situation remained dire. Security forces continued to engage in extrajudicial killings, arbitrary arrests, and torture. Corruption was rampant within the government and police.
RUSSIA: Russia saw further consolidation of power within the executive branch, with changes to election laws and new regulations on political parties giving the government extensive control over their operations. When combined with a cooperative State Duma, corruption, biased law enforcement, political influence on the judiciary, and limitations on NGOs and the media contributed to a decline in government accountability. In Afghanistan, despite progress in human rights since the Taliban's downfall in 2001, the country's human rights record was still deemed poor. Reports continued of arbitrary arrests, extrajudicial killings, torture, and substandard prison conditions. North Korea remained highly repressive in 2006, controlling nearly all aspects of its citizens' lives and restricting freedom of speech, press, assembly, association, movement, and worker rights. Between 150,000 and 200,000 individuals, including political prisoners, were detained in camps where many died from torture, starvation, disease, and exposure. In Burma, the military regime employed executions, rape, torture, arbitrary detention, and forced relocation of entire villages, particularly targeting ethnic minorities, to maintain control. Prisoners faced abuse and harsh conditions. In Iran, the government violated freedom of speech and assembly, cracking down on dissidents, journalists, and reformers through arbitrary arrests, detentions, torture, disappearances, excessive force, and denial of fair trials. In Zimbabwe, the Mugabe government continued widespread violations of human rights. Official corruption and impunity were prevalent in Cuba and China in 2006. In Cuba, under temporary leadership of Raul Castro due to Fidel Castro's illness, the government continued to violate the rights of its citizens, including the right to peacefully change the government or criticize the revolution and its leaders. In China, there was a decline in the human rights record with an increase in cases involving monitoring, harassment, detention, and imprisonment of political and religious activists, journalists, writers, and defense lawyers trying to exercise their legal rights. | 2 |
Toles-Bey, a 62-year-old small-business owner, voted for the former president twice, despite never previously participating in elections. He is now deeply involved in politics, thanks to Obama's influence. After Obama left office, Toles-Bey started a T-shirt company called You Can't Trump God in response to President Trump's election, which caused him emotional distress that only religion could alleviate. However, while waiting outside one of Obama's recent rallies, Toles-Bey expressed doubts about whether Obama's idealism could thrive in today's highly polarized political environment. "It's a different world we're living in," Toles-Bey remarked. As Obama travels the country in support of Democratic candidates, there is growing concern among some of the coalition that helped him become America's first black president that a change is needed. Despite Obama's focus on themes of idealism and hope in his speeches, some supporters are questioning if his rhetoric is still relevant in today's political climate marked by domestic terrorism leading up to the 2018 elections. The New York Times reports that Obama remains a key campaigner for Democratic candidates, such as Gillum, Abrams, and Donnelly, during the final week of the campaign. However, his advisers acknowledge that Trump's election has challenged Obama's approach to change and may have disillusioned some of his supporters. Despite this, Obama's team believes that resisting Trump and motivating voters are not mutually exclusive, as seen in his recent speeches criticizing the president without mentioning him by name. However, like Toles-Bey, there are some Obama supporters who now prefer a more aggressive approach rather than a friendly one, as the new generation of progressives are increasingly pushing back against Trump. Older generations have traditionally dictated how politics should work, but younger individuals like Gabriella Lorance, who saw Obama in Milwaukee with her friends, are challenging this notion. They admire politicians like Jason Kander, Beto O'Rourke, and Sharice Davids, but Obama is not among their favorites. LaTosha Brown, an organizer and co-founder of Black Voters Matter, believes that a new approach is needed to create change. She expressed her respect for former President Obama, but emphasized the need for more radical action in today's political climate. Brown is tired of being told to wait, vote, and prove loyalty to the country, and believes it is time for a change. This divide among liberals could lead to future conflicts. In the upcoming years, the search for a successor to Obama as the unifying face of the Democratic Party will be a key focus for voters. The tone used to oppose Trump will be just as important as policy and ideology. Various potential Democratic presidential candidates for 2020 have made headlines for their strong anti-Trump rhetoric. Former Vice President Joe Biden, for example, stated he would physically fight Trump (but later apologized), and lawyer Michael Avenatti challenged a member of Trump's family to a physical altercation. Eric Holder, a former attorney general considering a presidential run, received criticism for his darker interpretation of Michelle Obama's famous quote, saying, "When they go low, we kick them." “This is the focus of the new Democratic Party,” Obama frequently mentions conservatives in his speeches, shifting between criticizing the current Republican Party and reaching out to what he refers to as "compassionate conservatives" who wish to form a coalition. However, the upcoming generation of Democrats may skip this back and forth approach in favor of a more assertive stance. In the wake of recent political violence, two progressive Democrats, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Rashida Tlaib, emerged as strong voices with their bold statements. Ocasio-Cortez tweeted, "Imagine if it was ISIS that sent bombs to US officials, started shooting in grocery stores, and invading places of worship. How do you think this administration would respond?" Tlaib went even further in her remarks. In a tweet, she criticized Trump for blaming the Pittsburgh shooting on #TreeOfLifeSynagogue members, stating it showed his lack of leadership and compassion as POTUS. She emphasized that the terrorist used an AR-15 assault rifle to kill fellow Americans, stressing that they deserved better treatment. Michelle Obama defended her belief in taking the high road and emphasized the importance of leaders displaying decency and not using fear as a motivator. Valerie Jarrett, a close adviser to Obama, acknowledged the frustration among Democrats during Trump's administration and stated that it might be challenging for the president to appeal to people's better nature during this political climate, but it was still necessary. Jarrett highlighted that Obama's message had remained consistent and that giving people what they want to hear in the moment was not the most important factor. You convey to them the message you believe is important for them to hear, that is what leadership entails. Some of Obama's supporters concurred with Jarrett. Kasey Dean, 28, who waited for Obama at his rally in Nevada last week, expressed that it was the responsibility of politicians to inspire the country in times of uncertainty rather than instilling fear. Hallie Sebena, 34, who attended Obama's rally in Milwaukee, mentioned that there are ways to retaliate without resorting to unethical tactics. "We need discussions that originate from a foundation of respect," Sebena stated. Other progressive voters mentioned that they had been so angered by Trump's administration that it altered their criteria for a Democratic messenger. Tom Mooshegian, 64, in Las Vegas suggested that the person who runs against Trump in 2020 will need to be more of a "fighter" to match his style. Dana Williams, 41, waiting for Obama in Las Vegas, believes Trump has prioritized personal attacks in politics and Democrats may need to respond in kind. Brown echoed this sentiment, emphasizing the need to be aggressive when facing Trump's tactics. Obama has been advocating for a more hopeful, civil, and incrementally progressive approach in his speeches this summer. Obama stated in Milwaukee last week that the upcoming election is about more than just politics. He emphasized the importance of decency, honesty, and legality in politics, as well as the need to do right by the American people. After staying away from the political scene for over a year, Obama has now been concentrating on supporting Democratic candidates in states where key Senate races are taking place. He also tends to host rallies in urban areas where voters who historically do not vote in midterm elections, such as young people and minorities, reside. Jon Favreau, a former speechwriter for Obama who now leads a liberal media company, mentioned that the former president's views have changed on important topics like voter suppression and structural racism. Favreau stated that the Republican Party has become more closely associated with white identity politics and reducing immigration, prompting Obama to be more direct in his criticisms. This has provided a blueprint for Democratic candidates to criticize without resorting to negative campaigning. Favreau highlighted campaigns like Gillum's in Florida, Abrams' in Georgia, and O'Rourke's in Texas as carrying on Obama's message of hope. He emphasized that simply attacking Donald Trump and Republicans with insults is not enough, and that a more comprehensive approach is needed. "What voters are looking for are individuals who will advocate for important issues." - © 2018 New York Times News Service. | 2 |
Right before the start of new climate talks in Glasgow, the G20 countries announced their commitment to stop funding all coal-fired power plants outside their borders. This decision followed a similar promise made by Chinese President Xi Jinping at the United Nations General Assembly in September. According to recent research from Boston University's Global Development Policy Center, this pledge from the G20 means that almost all development finance institutions are dedicated to reducing investments in coal and increasing support for renewable energy. Rebecca Ray, a senior researcher at the GDP Center, stated that if these institutions follow through on their promises, it will be easier for developing nations to secure financial assistance for renewable energy projects and transitioning away from coal power. The study identified only three major institutions that have not joined in this commitment - the Development Bank of Latin America, the Islamic Development Bank, and the New Development Bank - although many of their major shareholders were part of the G20 pledge. Xi's announcement in September that China would no longer participate in overseas coal projects was a significant change, according to a study. This decision has impacted coal-fired power's main financial backers, such as the China Development Bank and the Export-Import Bank of China. The Bank of China has also pledged to cease new overseas coal mining and power projects from October onwards. Experts working on guidelines to decarbonize China's Belt and Road investments noted that Chinese financial institutions were already aware of the decreasing demand for coal-fired power, which made it easier for Xi's directive to be put into action. The expert emphasized that Chinese financial institutions are committed to the decision and are not seeking reasons to continue such projects. Analysts believe that China's decision to withdraw from investing in coal is a result of the declining competitiveness of coal compared to renewables, as well as concerns about stranded assets worth billions of dollars. This decision aligns with political, economic, and climate interests. Analyst Matt Gray from TransitionZero stated that the change in economics, along with negative experiences in financing coal through the Belt and Road Initiative, has led to this decision. China now has the political support to stop investing in coal, which they have been seeking for a long time. | 2 |
It is a groundbreaking online computer model, known as 'Bangladesh 2050 Energy Pathway’s Calculator' (BD2050), which demonstrates the relationship between the country's energy demand, supply, and greenhouse gas emissions reduction goal. This unique software integrates energy generation, usage, carbon emissions, and land use in Bangladesh, offering policymakers the ability to select energy sources with minimal climate impact. Created by a team of Cardiff University researchers led by British-origin Bangladeshi Dr. Monjur Mourshed, the calculator has received support from the UK’s Department for Energy and Climate Change and Bangladesh’s Ministry of Power, Energy and Mineral Resources. It is the first calculator of its kind for a least developed country, and is currently being utilized in the UK, Japan, China, and India. Users can access the calculator to explore energy, economy, and emission pathway options, enabling informed discussions and informed decision-making for the government and the public. British High Commissioner in Dhaka Robert Gibson emphasized the importance of using the calculator for making the right energy investment choices in the face of Bangladesh's growing energy infrastructure challenges. Dr. Saleemul Huq, Director of the International Centre for Climate Change and Development, highlighted the significance of developing a low carbon development pathway for Bangladesh, praising the Carbon Calculator as a valuable tool for achieving this goal with British assistance. | 2 |
Anderson, an introverted anthropology professor at Hobart and William Smith Colleges in Geneva, New York, expressed his dread at the thought of returning to the office as the push to reopen the economy grows stronger. He described feeling physically ill just walking from the parking lot to his office, and he is not the only one who prefers to work alone. Many people, not just introverts, share feelings of sadness and anxiety about going back to the office, even beyond concerns about the risk of infection. According to a Gallup poll, a majority of US adults working from home would like to continue doing so as much as possible after the pandemic. These supporters of remote work are concerned that they, as well as the nation, may lose valuable advantages that have been discovered during this unique period of widespread remote work. Some individuals who have never enjoyed socializing with coworkers have experienced increased productivity without the distractions of meetings and office small talk. Those concerned about environmental issues are eager to decrease their carbon footprints by avoiding daily car commutes. Additionally, while many parents are eager for schools and daycares to reopen, some working parents are enjoying the extra time spent with their children. Prior to the pandemic, Christine Reilley had to wake up at 4:30 a.m. to catch an early bus to Manhattan, where she serves as the senior director of strategy and innovation for the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. “I am more well-rested and able to dedicate more time to my work,” she explained. She also mentioned that she enjoys the personal benefits of saving time and money on commuting. Some believe that working from home is not as great as it seems, especially for those who are not able to do so, such as blue-collar workers. Those in essential roles like healthcare workers, emergency responders, grocery store employees, and delivery workers do not have the option to work from home. With over 30 million Americans unemployed since March, complaints from those still employed may seem trivial to some. The negative aspects cannot be ignored either. It can be difficult to be productive when trying to meet on Zoom at a kitchen table with distracted children and irritated spouses in the background. Women express that video calls make it challenging for them to speak up in meetings where men dominate. This situation has also added to the challenges faced by working mothers. Telecommuting was already becoming more popular, but it excluded many low-wage workers and made employers concerned about productivity while working from home. Researchers have cautioned that problem solving and creativity may be negatively impacted when workers are separated from each other. Isolated work can result in feelings of loneliness and boredom, and remote workers have reported having to work longer hours. In order for remote work to be effective, employers must provide proper equipment and support, according to Laurel Farrer, CEO of Distribute Consulting. According to experts and advocates, remote work allows employees to work independently and achieve their tasks without supervision. When implemented effectively, remote work can offer numerous benefits, such as reduced time spent commuting, which is associated with stress, pollution, and respiratory issues. On average, American drivers spend 54 hours per year stuck in traffic, according to a study by the Texas A&M Transportation Institute. Additionally, remote work can lead to increased productivity. In a well-known 2014 study conducted by Stanford professor Nicholas Bloom, remote workers at a Chinese travel agency were found to be 13% more efficient compared to their office-based colleagues. Global Workplace Analytics estimates that if half of the United States population worked remotely, it could significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions from vehicle travel by over 51 million metric tons annually. The pandemic has shown some positive outcomes such as reduced air pollution and clearer skies over cities like Los Angeles. However, the return to work may lead to increased traffic on the roads, particularly if people are hesitant to use public transportation due to fears of contracting the virus. Bill Eisele, a senior research engineer at the Texas A&M Transportation Institute, mentioned that even if more people switch to working remotely, they may still use their cars more for local errands. He stated that office commuters account for just 18% of all traffic. Additionally, Global Workplace Analytics estimated that individuals could save an average of $2,000 to $6,500 annually by not spending on expenses such as gasoline and day care. Furthermore, companies could also save money by reducing their spending on real estate. The US Patent and Trademark Office saved over $38 million in 2015 by reducing the amount of office space used, as stated in a Harvard Business School working paper from November. A study from 2005 showed that job satisfaction increased with each additional hour spent working remotely, up to 15 hours. Kate Lister, president of Global Workplace Analytics, believes that workers will seek a balance between remote work and office attendance for optimal satisfaction. The pandemic has potentially shown managers that workers can be trusted to work without constant supervision. Many people who had never experienced remote work before are now enjoying the flexibility and control over their work schedule. Jacquie Benetua-Rolens, a communications coordinator, has found a more genuine and honest connection with colleagues while working from home with her 2-year-old son. Benetua-Rolens emphasized the importance of being forgiving and understanding towards ourselves and others, as everyone has had to manage numerous challenges. She reminisced about her office cubicle, which she used to decorate with plants and pictures of her children, but now realizes she does not miss it. Jessica Keup, a single mother and computer programmer, moved to her parents' home in Tennessee with her young son after her company transitioned to remote work in March. Since that time, she has been programming from the balcony while her son interacts with the goats, chickens, and peacocks that inhabit the expansive property. Keup mentioned that being alone has helped her concentrate and be more efficient. She doesn't have to deal with talkative coworkers interrupting her work or asking for assistance with technical issues. "The extroverted individuals in the office tend to be more noticeable and talk frequently, which can be overwhelming," she explained. A survey conducted early in the pandemic indicated a significant preference for working remotely. In a survey conducted by Gallup, it was discovered that nearly 60% of Americans who are currently working from home would like to continue remote work "as much as possible" even after pandemic restrictions are lifted. 40% expressed a preference for returning to the physical workplace. The survey, which included 2,276 randomly chosen adults, took place from March 14 to April 2 and had a margin of error of plus or minus 4 percentage points. In preparation for the eventual return to the office, Keup mentioned that she intends to inquire about the possibility of working remotely from Tennessee for two to four weeks per year, citing the beauty of the location. "It's relaxing and rejuvenating," she stated. "And I will miss that." c.2020 The New York Times Company. | 2 |
The prices of oil and natural gas have recently risen significantly, leading to a surge in power prices and causing widespread energy shortages in Asia and Europe. According to the IEA's monthly oil report, record coal and gas prices, along with blackouts, are forcing the power sector and energy-intensive industries to rely on oil to maintain operations. The higher energy prices are also contributing to inflation and could potentially result in reduced industrial activity and a slowdown in economic recovery. As a result, the global oil demand for next year is now expected to reach pre-pandemic levels, with the IEA increasing its demand forecasts for this year and 2022 by 170,000 bpd and 210,000 bpd respectively. An increase in demand during the previous quarter resulted in the largest depletion of oil product stocks in eight years, with storage levels in OECD countries at their lowest since early 2015. The IEA projected that OPEC+ will produce 700,000 bpd less than the anticipated demand for its crude in the fourth quarter of this year, creating a situation where demand exceeds supply until at least the end of 2021. The group's spare production capacity is expected to decrease rapidly, from 9 million bpd in the first quarter of this year to only 4 million bpd in the second quarter of 2022, mainly concentrated in a few Middle Eastern countries. This decline highlights the importance of increasing investment to meet future demand. The report emphasized that a significant increase in investment in clean energy transitions is crucial to avoid potential challenges in global energy markets. The IEA released its annual energy outlook ahead of an upcoming climate conference in Britain, stating that the current economic recovery heavily reliant on fossil fuels is unsustainable. According to a statement made on Wednesday, the world must triple its investment in renewable energy by the end of the decade in order to effectively combat climate change. | 2 |
The Turkish people will vote for a new parliament on Sunday in what is seen as a crucial election due to the ongoing conflict between the ruling AK Party and the secular elite. The AK Party is expected to win, but with a smaller majority, which has led to a positive response from financial markets. Investors support the party's economic policies but are concerned about potential tensions with secularists if the AK Party gains a large majority. The European Union is monitoring the election closely in hopes that a new government will jumpstart Turkey's reform process. According to some analysts, investors are not sufficiently concerned about the risks involved in the upcoming elections. Wolfango Piccoli from Eurasia Group, a political risk consultancy, believes that the elections will not resolve Turkey's institutional deadlock and that the country's issues have simply been delayed. Prime Minister Tayyip Erdogan had to call for early elections after facing opposition from the secular elite, who were against his choice for the next president. The new parliament will now be responsible for electing Turkey's next president. Secularists are worried that Erdogan and Gul, who have ties to Islamism, aim to weaken the separation of state and religion in Turkey, although both men have denied these claims. The AK Party could potentially make changes to Turkey's secular constitution and secure their presidential candidate with a majority of two thirds or more, disregarding opposition concerns. In an effort to ease fears among secularists and appeal to the urban middle class, Erdogan has replaced some of the more Islamist members of his party with centrist and female candidates for this election. Erdogan has also shown willingness to compromise on the presidency, which has typically been controlled by secularists. Despite polling at around 40 percent, up from 34 percent in the 2002 election, the AK Party may end up with fewer seats due to more parties expected to pass the 10 percent threshold to enter parliament. Polarisation is expected in the upcoming parliamentary elections, with the main opposition party, centre-left Republican People's Party (CHP), far-right Nationalist Movement Party (MHP), and pro-Kurdish candidates all likely to win seats. According to Ayse Ayata, a professor at Ankara's Middle East Technical University, the parliament is expected to be divided along polarities, and she believes a coalition government could help reduce polarization. 42.5 million Turks will be eligible to vote, out of a total population of 74 million, with four million young people participating in a national election for the first time. Analysts anticipate that there will be heated debates in the new parliament between the AK Party ex-Islamists and the arch-secularists of the CHP, as well as between Kurdish deputies advocating for more rights for their community and the MHP ultra-nationalists who see these demands as a threat to Turkish national security and identity. Mehmet Ali Birand, a veteran TV commentator, believes that the new parliament will be a significant test of whether Turks and Kurds can come to an agreement on resolving the Kurdish issue, which has been a source of conflict for decades. The conflict between Turkish security forces and Kurdish separatist rebels in the southeast region has resulted in over 30,000 deaths since 1984. Despite the focus on terrorism in election rallies, there has been little mention of Turkey's EU membership bid, indicating a growing disinterest in the EU project among the public. | 2 |
During a meeting in Copenhagen on June 8, Myanmar's Social Welfare Minister Win Myat Aye informed a group of diplomats, analysts, and members of a commission led by former UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan that the country was unable to immediately implement eight of the commission's recommendations due to current political circumstances. One of the recommendations, which called for amending the 1982 law, was specifically mentioned as problematic and unlikely to be pursued. A source present at the meeting stated that Win Myat Aye emphasized that citizenship reform was not feasible at this time. The sources requested anonymity as Myanmar had requested the discussions remain confidential. Both Win Myat Aye and government spokesman Zaw Htay did not respond to requests for comment. The 1982 law, which restricts citizenship to members of the state's designated "national races," was a key recommendation of the Annan commission. Myanmar, a country with a Buddhist majority, does not acknowledge the Rohingya as an original ethnic group, instead referring to them as "Bengalis," a term the Rohingya reject as it suggests they are outsiders from Bangladesh, despite their long history in Myanmar. The Annan commission, established by Myanmar leader Aung San Suu Kyi in 2016, aimed to address deep-rooted ethnic and religious divisions in Rakhine. Following the release of the commission's report in August 2017, Rohingya militants launched attacks on security forces, leading to a military crackdown that the UN has labeled as a clear case of ethnic cleansing. Win Myat Aye, responsible for overseeing reconstruction plans in conflict-ridden Rakhine state, admitting doubts about the feasibility of repatriating the approximately 700,000 Rohingya currently residing in overcrowded refugee camps in Bangladesh. Many Rohingya leaders insist on guarantees of citizenship before considering returning to Myanmar. However, Myanmar's National Security Adviser Thaung Tun, who was present at the meeting in Denmark, informed Reuters that authorities are diligently carrying out the recommendations made by the Annan commission, stating that over 80 recommendations have been implemented in less than 10 months. He mentioned that the recommendations that have not yet been implemented are also under consideration. Annan's spokesperson redirected inquiries to the Myanmar government. Reports from refugees have detailed incidents of violence, including killings, arson, theft, and sexual assault committed by Myanmar security forces and Buddhist extremists in Rakhine. Myanmar has denied accusations of ethnic cleansing and rejected most reports of atrocities. In January, Myanmar and Bangladesh agreed to repatriate refugees within two years, but disagreements have delayed the implementation of the plan. Many Rohingya refugees are unwilling to return unless changes are made to the 1982 law. Those who identified as Rohingya were not included in Myanmar's 2014 census and had their identity documents confiscated, preventing them from voting in the 2015 election. Suu Kyi, who previously advocated for a review of the law, is now encouraging Rohingya to accept the National Verification Card, which does not grant full citizenship. Many Rohingya people are refusing to accept a document that they believe categorizes long-time residents as new immigrants and restricts their freedom of movement. The military, which shares power with Suu Kyi, rejects Rohingya demands for citizenship. Senior General Min Aung Hlaing stated in a speech that Rohingya do not share any characteristics or culture with Myanmar's ethnic groups and blamed the conflict on Rohingya demands for citizenship. During a diplomatic meeting in Copenhagen, it was revealed that Myanmar had only implemented 80 of the 88 recommendations made by a commission, citing political and practical differences for the remaining eight recommendations. Let's revisit this topic after the break," Win Myat Aye then outlined the recommendations that Myanmar was finding challenging to put into action. These included promises to establish a neutral organization to assess complaints regarding citizenship verification, empower community leaders and civil society, and set up a system for providing feedback on government effectiveness. "In diplomatic language, when something is described as difficult, it often means it is being rejected," the second source explained. "That is my interpretation of this situation." | 2 |
On Tuesday, Shahana Hanif, a former City Council employee, made history by becoming the first Muslim woman elected to the Council in a Brooklyn district covering Park Slope, Kensington, and parts of central Brooklyn. Another South Asian candidate, Shekar Krishnan, also made history by winning a seat in Queens. Hanif expressed her gratitude and pride in being the first Muslim woman and woman of any faith to represent District 39 in a statement on Tuesday night. She mentioned the support of volunteers and endorsements from the community and progressive organizations, such as the left-leaning Working Families Party. She expressed the goal of creating a city that is anti-racist and feminist, one that protects the vulnerable, provides equitable education, focuses on local climate solutions driven by communities, and ensures that immigrant neighbors feel safe and at home. She emphasized the importance of everyone continuing to be involved in this work even after the election. The City Council will have its first openly gay Black women as members next year, with Kristin Richardson Jordan winning in a Harlem district and Crystal Hudson winning in a Brooklyn district. Several other LGBTQ candidates also won, including Tiffany Cabán in Queens. Chi Ossé ran unopposed in Brooklyn and Erik Bottcher ran unopposed in Manhattan. Lynn Schulman was predicted to win a position in Queens. These candidates are part of a larger change happening in New York City's City Council, which is set to be almost as diverse as the city itself next year. Over twenty women are expected to hold a majority of the Council's seats, a first in history. | 2 |
On the third day of the Democratic National Convention, Kamala Harris, the first Black woman and Asian-American on a major US presidential ticket, shared her life story as a representation of the American dream. She criticized Donald Trump's lack of leadership, stating that it has resulted in loss of lives and jobs. Barack Obama also criticized Trump's failures, attributing them to the high death toll from the coronavirus, job losses, and a damaged reputation for America. The evening showcased many female headliners, moderators, and speakers, with Harris specifically targeting women, young Americans, and voters of color in an effort to help Joe Biden defeat Trump in the upcoming election. Harris described the current state of affairs under Trump as chaotic, incompetent, and callous, leaving Americans feeling adrift, afraid, and alone. She stated that there is much room for improvement and that we deserve more. She criticized the current president for using tragedies for political gain, while expressing confidence that Joe Biden will approach challenges with a sense of purpose. Biden is currently leading Trump in polls, especially among women voters. Throughout the convention, Democrats have been directly appealing to female voters by emphasizing Biden's role in the 1994 Violence Against Women Act and his plans to strengthen childcare and protect family healthcare. Obama, who served as vice president under Biden from 2009-2017, expressed disappointment in Trump's lack of seriousness and respect for American democracy. Obama stated that Trump has not been able to grow into the job, leading to severe consequences such as the loss of millions of jobs. Obama stated that our worst impulses have been let loose, our once proud reputation around the world has been significantly diminished, and our democratic institutions are now more threatened than ever before. The choice of a running mate carries added importance for 77-year-old Biden, who would be the oldest person to assume the presidency if elected. There is speculation that Biden may only serve one term due to his age, making 55-year-old Harris a potential frontrunner for the nomination in 2024. Biden selected Harris as his running mate last week to go up against incumbents Trump, 74, and Vice President Mike Pence, 61. At the convention, former first lady and US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, the 2016 Democratic presidential nominee who lost to Trump, shared that she frequently hears from voters who regret supporting Trump or not voting at all. Clinton emphasized the importance of voting in the upcoming election, urging people not to dwell on missed opportunities. She stressed that voting is crucial as it directly impacts our lives and well-being. Clinton also expressed concern over the possibility of a candidate winning the popular vote but losing the election, as she experienced in the past. She warned that Biden and Harris could face a similar fate, even if they win by a significant margin in the popular vote. "Listen to me. We need a large turnout to prevent Trump from winning through deception or fraud." Democrats are concerned about Trump's attacks on mail-in voting and changes at the Postal Service that could affect the election. DeJoy, a Trump supporter, has pledged to postpone these changes. Democrats are also drawing attention to Trump's immigration policies, stance on gun control, and withdrawal from the Paris climate agreement through videos. Nancy Pelosi, the first female Speaker of the US House of Representatives, discussed Trump's lack of respect for facts, working families, and specifically women in her speech at the convention. She highlighted how his disrespect is evident in his policies affecting health and rights. Senator Elizabeth Warren also emphasized the importance of affordable childcare in Biden's agenda to support working Americans. Harris, in her upcoming speech, will likely share her background as a child of immigrants and her accomplishments in breaking gender and racial barriers throughout her career. She became well-known in the Senate for her thorough questioning of Trump nominees such as Supreme Court Justice Brett Kavanaugh and Attorney General Bill Barr. The Republican National Convention, which will also be primarily virtual, is scheduled for next week. | 2 |
Students who arrive late will not be allowed to enter. If you talk to your classmate during the lesson, you will receive a warning. If you continue, you will be asked to leave. Fadoua El Ouni, who took Kais Saied's constitutional law class at Carthage University, was initially surprised by this strict policy. She wondered if all university courses would be the same, but that was not the case. Saied was known on campus for captivating classrooms with his commanding voice and formal language, which made hearing him speak in everyday Tunisian dialect a surreal experience for El Ouni. Despite his suspension of parliament and dismissal of the prime minister, Tunisians are conflicted over Saied's actions, debating whether he is a populist hero or a dangerous demagogue who may either save or destroy the country's democracy. While some view him as an uncompromising ideologue, others see him as a compassionate leader dedicated to removing corrupt elites and fulfilling the goals of the revolution. However, we are aware that individuals who are initially clean and have good intentions can sometimes transform into ruthless individuals. Saied, a respected law professor, is known for his modest lifestyle, preferring coffee shops with basic furniture and residing in a middle-class neighborhood with his family, even after becoming president in 2019. He claims that his motivation is not personal ambition but a sense of duty to empower the youth and poor who sparked Tunisia's 2011 revolution. He aims to provide education, healthcare, and eradicate corruption in Tunisia, stating that he is reluctantly running for president against his own desires. God commands that you must engage in warfare even though you may hate it. Taking on responsibility can also be distasteful, like a soldier who is reluctant to kill but has been instructed to fight. Saied's office did not provide a response to a request for an interview. As a devout Muslim, Saied has characterized his presidency as a test from God that he cannot decline. According to Mohamed-Dhia Hammami, a Tunisian political researcher at Syracuse University, Saied is implying that he is fulfilling his duties because he is obligated to do so. The concept in Islam is that everyone faces a form of trial. In this case, it is holding the position of president. This may seem like a fancy excuse for manipulation. However, even his adversaries acknowledge that his beliefs are genuine, stemming from his faith and genuine concern for the underprivileged. Saied, who comes from a diverse background in Tunis, emerged onto the national scene in 2011, following the initial revolutionary protests. He stood in solidarity with protesters from marginalized regions who were demanding significant reforms. Videos of his visits quickly spread across Facebook. While serving on an advisory committee during the drafting of a new constitution, Saied was not given one of the pens, a decision that clearly bothered him. He frequently appeared on Tunisian television, where he consistently criticized the new constitution for giving too much power to Parliament. He believed that voters would be limited to choosing among electoral lists supported by power-hungry political parties. Tunisians would have a stronger connection to their democracy if they elected representatives with whom they had personal relationships. The suggested approach was a political system that operated from the bottom-up and top-down, with power coming from local councils and a powerful president. Despite skepticism, one activist who interacted with the professor during the transition to democracy described him as modest and generous, but also stubborn in his beliefs. Many Tunisians considered him essential viewing on TV, as he seemed to be delivering the ultimate truth about the constitution, according to Amna Guellali of Amnesty International. His authoritative presence was so captivating that some even compared him to a prophet, transcending human qualities. This admiration for his stern leadership only increased as corruption scandals and economic troubles plagued the country, leading to calls on social media for him to run for president. Despite this, he declined until 2019. The tale of his presidential campaign has become well-known in Tunisia: the use of the slogan "The people want," reminiscent of the 2011 revolution; volunteers joining the campaign without being asked; funding strictly limited to what he had in his wallet; despite some reports of foreign funding, he maintained an image of integrity; and his landslide victory in the runoff election. He emphasized the importance of the people's sovereignty in an interview, stating that everything should begin with them. He later revealed that he decided to run for president after being approached by a poor man in tears, which he likened to a religious experience. This was not the only instance of such encounters, as videos often surface online showing Saied embracing impoverished protesters at the presidential palace or engaging with ordinary Tunisians on the street. Imen Neffati, a researcher at Oxford University, stated that what sets him apart from other politicians is his genuine care for people. Critics have labeled him as a law professor who never completed his doctorate and criticized his views on social issues such as supporting the death penalty and opposing equal inheritance for men and women. Despite these criticisms, he is known for his unwavering firmness. A European ambassador and informal adviser has stated that he refuses to negotiate with corrupt politicians or parties, ruling out Ennahda, the dominant party in Parliament, as well as most of Tunisia's business and political elite. According to diplomats, meetings at the presidential palace with him are more like lectures than dialogues. His advisers mention that he only listens to a select few, including his wife. Since July 25, Saied's security forces have imposed travel bans and house arrests on judges, politicians, and business owners without proper legal process, causing concern that he may be moving towards autocracy. His office recently announced an extension of the initial 30-day period for his "exceptional measures," without specifying for how long. He is expected to attempt to change Tunisia's electoral system and modify its constitution in order to increase presidential powers. Despite his promise to appoint a new prime minister by Tuesday, Tarek Kahlaoui, a Tunisian political analyst, was informed by presidential advisers that Saied sees the role as more of a "manager" rather than a true head of government. Saied justified his power seizure by referring to Article 80 of the constitution, which gives the president extensive emergency powers in the event of a threat to the country. However, constitutional experts believe his actions violate this provision, as it requires Parliament to remain in session. Despite his adherence to the law, those who know him say Saied often acts based on emotion and instinct. Kahlaoui said that he believes he has been selected by the people. The people took to the streets, prompting him to take action, which he did. ©2021 The New York Times Company. | 2 |
President Nicolas Sarkozy defended Muammar Gaddafi's recent visit to France by stating that in the Arab world, Gaddafi is not seen as a dictator. This visit, the first in 34 years, resulted in the signing of multiple business agreements. Despite criticism from human rights organizations and opposition groups accusing Sarkozy of prioritizing business over human rights, he emphasized that Gaddafi was invited to France as a gesture of gratitude for Libya's release of foreign medics accused of infecting Libyan children with HIV. Sarkozy's remarks were made in an interview with Le Nouvel Observateur magazine. Sarkozy stated that Gaddafi is the longest serving head of state in the region and the Arab world. He believes in the importance of France engaging in dialogue with all parties while remaining steadfast in its values. Gaddafi came to power in 1969 through a military coup. Libya's relations with Western countries improved after it abandoned its weapons of mass destruction programs in 2003 and provided compensation to families affected by bombings of U.S. and French airliners. However, Amnesty International emphasized the need for Libya to prioritize human rights and trade cooperation as it re-enters the international stage. The group stated that President Nicolas Sarkozy cannot be content with merely signing commercial agreements in Libya without also pushing for tangible improvements in human rights. The value of the contracts signed has caused controversy in France, with some questioning the actual worth of the deals and calling the visit a "tragicomic farce." Gaddafi criticized France, diminishing its influence and marring the broad appeal of its message. During a meeting with French business leaders, he emphasized the importance of strengthening political relations between Tripoli and Paris in order to benefit companies. French construction group Vinci's chairman, Yves-Thibault de Silguy, reported that Gaddafi expressed appreciation for French firms operating in Libya. Gaddafi acknowledged that political decisions made by certain countries had negatively impacted firms in the past, but believed that the current political climate was more favorable and could facilitate the growth of French companies in Libya. | 2 |
Chen's case was one of the most prominent examples of the China Initiative, which was launched in 2018 during the Trump administration to address China's attempts to steal American technology. While many researchers, including Chen, were prosecuted for failing to disclose their Chinese affiliations in grant proposals to US funding agencies, critics argue that these prosecutions unfairly target scientists of Chinese descent and blur the line between disclosure violations and more serious crimes like espionage. Chen was arrested in January 2021 for omitting his affiliations with Chinese government institutions in grant applications to the US Department of Energy in 2017. He denied all charges against him, but recent information from officials at the Department of Energy suggests that he may not have been required to disclose certain affiliations. This has raised doubts about the basis of the charges. The Justice Department is considering dismissing cases related to the China Initiative, which was started to address national security and economic threats posed by China's global power ambitions. Concerns were raised about Beijing potentially stealing research and intellectual property through unconventional means, like professors sharing sensitive information under the guise of academic cooperation. The program has led to numerous convictions, such as a Monsanto employee caught leaving the country with a proprietary algorithm and a Coca-Cola chemist found guilty of stealing a valuable formula. A jury in Boston recently convicted Harvard chemist Charles Leiber of six felonies after a short deliberation, including making false statements and failing to declare income earned in China. However, some cases against academics have fallen apart, including the acquittal of Anming Hu, a University of Tennessee engineering professor, due to lack of evidence of intentional fraud. The Justice Department has also dropped seven cases against researchers in recent months. The most high-profile case to be dismissed so far is that of Chen, a naturalised US citizen since 2000, who is a respected scientist with strong support from his university. Chen, who has been on leave from MIT since his arrest, expressed gratitude to friends and colleagues for their support during a difficult year and criticized the China Initiative. While he is relieved that his ordeal is over, he believes the initiative continues to unfairly target academics and other scientists who still face charges. The decision to drop the case was made by Rachael Rollins, the new US attorney in Boston, after new information revealed that the Chinese affiliations at the center of the case were not crucial to the funding agency. Rollins acknowledged the impact of charging decisions on people's lives. "As the United States attorney, I will always encourage the prosecutors in our office to conduct thorough and ongoing reviews at every stage of a case. The dismissal today is a result of this process and serves the interests of justice." When Chen was arrested a year ago, the statements from the prosecutor's office were very different. The US attorney at the time, Andrew E Lelling, suggested that the case was not just about greed, but also loyalty to China. FBI special agent Joseph R Bonavolonta stated that Chen had knowingly defrauded at least $19 million in federal grants. The charges filed later were more specific, including two counts of wire fraud for failing to disclose affiliations while applying for a grant to study heat conduction in polymer structures. These affiliations included roles as an overseas expert consultant for the Chinese government, a review expert for the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and an adviser to the Chinese Scholarship Council. He was charged with not declaring a Chinese bank account with over $10,000 and making false statements in grant disclosures. Officials from the Department of Energy stated that the undisclosed affiliations would not have affected the grant money. Chen's lawyer credited witnesses for clarifying misunderstandings about scientific collaborations. The lawyer stated that Chen never lied and that the government acknowledged his innocence. Our defense was that Gang did not commit any of the offenses he was accused of. The Biden administration officials are expected to make changes to the China Initiative in the upcoming weeks. According to Wyn Hornbuckle, a spokesperson for the Justice Department, they are reviewing their approach to countering threats from the Chinese government. The name China Initiative might be changed and the cases may no longer be grouped together but instead handled by the National Security Division. They are also considering resolving the cases individually rather than offering amnesty in grant fraud cases. Lelling, one of the creators of the China Initiative, is now advocating for the Justice Department to stop prosecuting individuals based on grant disclosures. He believes the initiative, originally meant to combat espionage, has lost its focus and has created a climate of fear among researchers. Lelling acknowledges that prosecutions have led to more transparency about Chinese funding among research scientists, but he also believes that the fear of collaboration among academics is not beneficial. “What is deterrence? You do not exceed the speed limit because you are afraid of receiving a ticket. Deterrence involves instilling fear.” MIT President Rafael Reif expressed his anticipation for Chen to resume his responsibilities at the university, acknowledging the immense burden the case had placed on him and his loved ones, which was unimaginable. Reif stated, “It is challenging to come to terms with and comprehend the suffering and distress that such admirable individuals, individuals we are proud and fortunate to be acquainted with, have experienced over the past two years.” He also recognized the ongoing anguish within the community, particularly among Gang's friends, students, and colleagues, as well as individuals of Chinese descent both at MIT and beyond. | 2 |
In a televised address, Modi announced that all three farm laws will be repealed and the process will begin in the upcoming Parliament session. He urged the protesting farmers to go back to their families and start anew. Leaders of the protests responded with cautious optimism and planned to meet in New Delhi to discuss the next steps. The announcement was made on Guru Nanak Jayanti, a holiday celebrated by Sikhs worldwide, many of whom are among the protesters. Farmer leader Ramandeep Singh Mann expressed his excitement, comparing the news to conquering Mount Everest. Mann stated that it is still uncertain whether the government will agree to farmers' demand for a separate law guaranteeing a minimum price for crops. He mentioned that farmers will continue their protest outside New Delhi until Parliament officially repeals the three laws. Modi's government had been supportive of the market-friendly laws passed last year, despite farmers' insistence on their repeal. The protesters endured harsh winter conditions, summer heat, and a deadly COVID-19 outbreak while remaining in their tents. Modi's government had justified the new laws as a means to attract private investment to a sector that a significant portion of India's population relies on for their livelihood. However, farmers, who are already burdened by debt and bankruptcies, were concerned that the reduced regulations would make them vulnerable to large corporations. The decision to repeal the laws coincides with Modi's Bharatiya Janata Party ramping up its campaign in upcoming elections in states where many protesting farmers reside. Despite numerous unsuccessful negotiations, farmers began following top government officials during their travels in northern India this fall to ensure that their concerns were heard. In October, a confrontation between a BJP convoy and protesting farmers in Uttar Pradesh resulted in the deaths of four protesters and four others, including a local journalist. The son of a minister in Modi's government is being investigated for murder, along with others, in the incident. Jagdeep Singh, whose father Nakshatra Singh was one of the victims, stated that the repeal of the laws is a tribute to those who lost their lives during a year of protests, whether due to harsh conditions, health issues, or other reasons. One farm leader reported that around 750 protesters have died, although the government claims to have no data on this. Singh believes that the repeal is a victory for the farmers who sacrificed their lives to protect the less fortunate from corporate greed. "They must be happy and smiling wherever they may be." - ©2021 The New York Times Company. | 2 |
No one in the room had been told about Abiy Ahmed's second trip since securing a peace deal last year that ended two decades of hostility between the neighbors. A senior official present mentioned that the foreign office was not informed and they found out about it from Eritrean media, Facebook, and Twitter. Abiy's unexpected visits are characteristic of his reliance on bold personal actions and charisma to bring about change instead of going through government institutions, as both supporters and critics have noted. The foreign ministry spokesman, Nebiat Getachew, stated that the policy was well-coordinated. He did not verify whether Abiy had taken the July trip without informing the ministry. Abiy received international praise for his agreement with Eritrea. He is currently the second favorite to win a Nobel Peace Prize, following climate activist Greta Thunberg. However, some Ethiopians are irritated by Abiy's unpredictable behavior. It is uncertain how much support Abiy's reforms have within the ruling coalition, which has been in power in some form since 1991, or how sustainable those reforms would be without his guidance. He has previously survived one attempt on his life: a grenade was thrown at a rally last year. Comfort Ero, the Africa programme director at the International Crisis Group think tank, stated that lasting change cannot be achieved through a "cult of personality". She emphasized that none of the transformational reforms promised by Abiy will be successful unless he focuses on working through the institutions. Ethiopia has experienced rapid economic growth for more than ten years, but there is uncertainty surrounding Abiy's ability to implement all of his reforms, which concerns both citizens and foreign investors he has been trying to attract to modernize the country's outdated telecoms and banking sectors. Some people believe that Abiy, a former military officer with expertise in cyber intelligence, may choose to bypass ministries in order to keep the rapid pace of his reforms and prevent them from getting stuck in bureaucracy. These reforms, such as allowing political parties, freeing imprisoned journalists, and holding officials accountable for torture, have been met with enthusiastic support at rallies. According to Dereje Feyissa, a professor at Addis Ababa University, Abiy's leadership style is based on his charisma, but the question remains whether this approach can be maintained in the long term. The initial excitement and enthusiasm are fading. Some believe that Abiy's quick and drastic changes are a strategic move to surprise his opponents from the previous Tigrayan-dominated administration. Abiy, who belongs to the Oromo ethnic group, has taken action against many senior officials, particularly Tigrayans, for corruption and human rights violations since assuming office in April 2018. He has been criticized for weakening the country's institutions in the early months of his leadership. Jawar Mohammed, an Oromo activist and informal adviser to the prime minister, said that the institutions were not functioning properly or were working against his agenda. He believes that the prime minister's progress would not have been possible without addressing this issue. One of Abiy's significant achievements was the peace deal signed in July last year, which ended a nearly two-decade military standoff with Eritrea after their border war from 1998-2000. Historian Asle Sveen, who has written extensively about the Nobel Peace Prize, stated that the deal made Abiy a fitting candidate for the prize envisioned by Alfred Nobel. Sveen noted that the peace agreement resolved a long-standing conflict with Eritrea and that Abiy is popular for this accomplishment, as well as for his internal democratic reforms. However, some of the benefits of the peace did not last long. Land borders were opened in July but then closed in December without any official explanation. According to Will Davison, an Ethiopia analyst at Crisis Group, last year's reconciliation may have been partially motivated by the Eritrean president's belief that the rise of Abiy signaled the decline of Tigray's ruling party, which had been his main adversary for over twenty years. Despite losing power at the federal level, Tigray's ruling party still maintains control over its own region, which has a significant border with Eritrea, contributing to the limited progress in relations between the two countries. Nebiat, the foreign ministry spokesman, mentioned that Eritrea and Ethiopia had reestablished diplomatic ties, air travel, and phone connections. "He stated that there are ongoing efforts to formalize relationships," he said. Abiy's diplomatic efforts, such as his unexpected trip, are seen as daring personal actions by analysts and diplomats. A senior official from the foreign ministry mentioned that the ministry has been left out of these initiatives, which could potentially harm our interests abroad. The official also mentioned that Abiy has been discussing major policy matters with Eritrea, Somalia, and wealthy Gulf countries without first reaching a consensus within the government. Nebiat, on the other hand, disagreed with this viewpoint. He stated that the Ethiopian government consistently carries out a well-coordinated foreign policy and diplomacy. He dismissed any other allegations as unfounded. Abiy's personal involvement has been well-received by some countries. Following a violent incident in Sudan, Abiy traveled to Khartoum to facilitate discussions between the military rulers and opposition, with the support of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. These efforts resulted in a power-sharing agreement in August. Amjad Farid, a senior representative of the civilian group involved in talks with the military, stated that Abiy played a significant role. Abiy has implemented reforms domestically and internationally, publicly denouncing past abuses and appointing former dissidents to key positions, such as Daniel Bekele who now leads the government's human rights commission. Birtukan Mideksa, the founder of an opposition party who was imprisoned following a contested election in 2005, now leads the electoral commission. However, there is often ethnically motivated violence, and efforts to address past injustices have been sluggish. A reconciliation commission established in December has an uncertain purpose, lacks expertise, and has only convened twice, according to Laetitia Bader, an Africa researcher at Human Rights Watch. Bader stated that it is still uncertain whether this action will have a meaningful impact or if it is simply superficial. | 2 |
A gunman shot interior minister Ahsan Iqbal, a senior member of the ruling Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) and ally of ousted prime minister Nawaz Sharif, as he was leaving a constituency meeting in Punjab province on Sunday. Iqbal was recovering in hospital from a bullet wound on Monday. Minister of state for interior affairs Talal Chaudhry said he was stable and in good spirits. Leaders from Pakistan’s main opposition parties all condemned the assassination attempt. However, a prominent official of Imran Khan’s Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) opposition party suggested that Sharif had created the conditions for the attack at large rallies protesting his removal by the Supreme Court last July. Naeem ul Haq, chief of staff for former cricket star Khan, strongly criticized Nawaz Sharif for making wild accusations against his opponents and creating tension and anger in the political climate. He stated that if Sharif continues to spread poison, such incidents will persist. Despite being disqualified as prime minister by Pakistan's Supreme Court last July for unreported income, Sharif's party still holds a majority in parliament. Sharif has accused the court ruling as a conspiracy led by rival Khan and has portrayed him as a puppet of the powerful military establishment that has a history of interfering in Pakistani politics. Khan refutes allegations of colluding with the army, while the military denies involvement in politics. The recent attack on Sunday has increased tension ahead of the upcoming election in late July. Initial reports suggest the attacker may have ties to a new Islamist party advocating for the death penalty for blasphemy and strict sharia law. However, the Islamists deny any connection to the attacker, according to a local administrator's report seen by Reuters. "We do not have weapons. We are engaged in a nonviolent struggle. Those plotting against Tehreek-e-Labaik will not be successful." Khadim Hussain Rizvi, the leader of the party, denounced the attack on Iqbal and stated that Labaik is engaged in a peaceful struggle to establish the Prophet's religion. The police confirmed that Iqbal was shot in the right arm, with the bullet entering his groin. The suspected shooter, identified as 21-year-old Abid Hussain, has not had any motive officially reported by the authorities. The minister of state Chaudhry stated that religious radicalism is a part of the suspect's background, and further arrests have been made as police investigate groups that may have influenced the attack. He emphasized that radicalism is not an individual issue, but a societal problem. Labaik, the group responsible for the attack, originated from a protest movement in support of Mumtaz Qadri, who murdered the governor of Punjab in 2011. The movement caused major disruptions in the country's capital last year over changes to electoral laws. The attempted assassination of Iqbal has raised concerns about potential violence by Islamist groups ahead of the upcoming elections, recalling the tragic events surrounding the 2007 polls when former prime minister Benazir Bhutto was killed. | 2 |
The demand for batteries used in electric cars is currently higher than the supply available. This has sparked a global race among investors, companies, and startups to develop the technology and build factories to produce millions of electric cars. Batteries, once seen as uninteresting, are now considered one of the most exciting parts of the auto industry. While car manufacturing has remained largely unchanged and unprofitable for decades, the battery industry is primed for innovation. The rapid evolution of battery technology is comparable to the early days of personal computers, mobile phones, and automobiles. With increased investment, there is potential to create industry giants like Steve Jobs or Henry Ford. Wood Mackenzie predicts that electric vehicles will account for 18 percent of new car sales by 2030. The demand for batteries is expected to increase significantly, possibly up to eight times more than current production capacity. This estimate is considered conservative, as some analysts predict even faster growth in electric vehicle sales. Car manufacturers are competing to find the most efficient and cost-effective chemical composition for batteries. GM's recent announcement of plans to go all electric by 2035 was seen as a major milestone by policymakers and environmentalists. Many individuals in the battery industry found the company's recent announcement to be stating the obvious, as it signaled the presence of electric vehicles. According to Venkat Viswanathan, an associate professor at Carnegie Mellon University specializing in battery technology, companies like Tesla, Panasonic, LG Chem, BYD China, and SK Innovation dominate battery manufacturing, with most of them located in China, Japan, or South Korea. Despite this, there are several new players entering the market, and investors are eagerly funding startups they believe are on the verge of major advancements due to the potential profits involved. Andy Palmer, the former chief executive of Aston Martin and current nonexecutive vice chairman of InoBat Auto, believes that the electric vehicle industry is still in its early stages. There is an abundance of funding available, but not enough innovative ideas to invest in. QuantumScape, a startup backed by Volkswagen and Bill Gates, is developing a technology that has the potential to revolutionize batteries by making them more affordable, reliable, and faster to recharge. However, the company has yet to generate significant sales and there is a risk of failure. Despite this, stock market investors have valued QuantumScape higher than Renault. Both China and the European Union are also investing government funds into battery technology. China considers batteries to be essential for its goal of dominating the electric vehicle sector, leading the government to assist Contemporary Amperex Technology in becoming a major battery supplier. In response, the European Union is providing subsidies for battery production in order to prevent reliance on Asian suppliers and protect jobs in the auto industry. The European Commission recently announced a 2.9 billion euro fund to support battery manufacturing and research, adding to the significant investment already made by European governments and automakers in electric vehicles and batteries. Some of the government funding will be allocated to Tesla as a way to acknowledge the company's decision to establish a factory near Berlin. The United States is also anticipated to support the industry in line with President Joe Biden's focus on climate change and his endorsement of electric vehicles. In a campaign advertisement last year, Biden, who possesses a 1967 Chevrolet Corvette, expressed his excitement about driving an electric version of the sports car if GM opts to manufacture one. Numerous battery factories are currently in the planning or construction stages in the United States, including a facility being developed by GM in Ohio in partnership with LG. Analysts believe that federal incentives for electric vehicle and battery production will be essential in fostering a thriving industry in the United States, along with advancements in technology by government-funded researchers and domestic companies like QuantumScape and Tesla, which recently outlined plans to reduce costs and enhance battery performance. Margaret Mann, a group manager at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, acknowledged China's strong promotion of manufacturing and new development. She remains hopeful about the United States catching up in battery production but believes that there are still challenges to overcome. Entrepreneurs in the industry believe that US companies have the potential to surpass Asian producers, despite the current lack of competitiveness in battery technology. QuantumScape's CEO Jagdeep Singh emphasized the importance of improving battery technology for a renewable energy economy. Overall, the significant investment in battery technology is seen as a positive development. It utilizes capitalism to address a global issue, but the restructuring of the automobile industry will have negative consequences for some, such as companies that produce parts for traditional cars and investors who back the wrong technology. According to Venkat Srinivasan, director of the Argonne National Laboratory’s Collaborative Centre for Energy Storage Science, advancements in battery technology take time and unforeseen challenges may arise. Many believe that the demand for batteries will benefit China, as the country refines most metals used in batteries and manufactures the majority of battery cells. According to projections by Roland Berger, a German management consulting firm, China's control over battery production is expected to only slightly decrease in the next decade despite plans to expand production in Europe and the United States. Tom Einar Jensen, the CEO of Freyr, emphasized the geopolitical significance of battery production, stating that the European auto industry is aiming to reduce reliance on imports from Asia and China. Freyr, which is constructing a battery factory in northern Norway to utilize the region's renewable energy sources, is seeking to raise $850 million through a proposed merger with Alussa Energy Acquisition Corp. This deal, announced in January, would result in Freyr being listed on the New York Stock Exchange. The company intends to produce batteries using technology created by 24M Technologies in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The primary goal for the industry is to lower the cost of batteries. Electric car batteries for a midsize vehicle currently cost around $15,000, which is twice as much as they should be for electric cars to become widely accepted, according to Srinivasan. These cost reductions can be achieved through various small improvements, such as manufacturing batteries near car factories to avoid transportation expenses, and by minimizing waste, as stated by Roland Berger. Approximately 10 percent of the materials used to make a battery are wasted due to inefficient production methods. In a recent study, Roland Berger cautioned that an increase in demand may lead to higher prices for raw materials such as lithium, cobalt, and nickel, potentially offsetting efficiency gains. The automotive industry is facing competition for batteries from electric utilities and other energy companies seeking to store wind and solar power, further driving up demand. Jason Burwen, the interim CEO of the United States Energy Storage Association, has suggested that there may be a supply shortage this year. To address this issue, companies are developing alternatives to expensive minerals used in batteries, opting for cheaper and more readily available materials. One such company, OneD Material in San Jose, California, has created a substance resembling used coffee grounds for use in anodes, the component of batteries that conducts power during vehicle operation. The material is manufactured using silicon, which is plentiful and cost-effective, in order to decrease the reliance on graphite, which is rarer and more costly. In the long run, the ultimate goal for the industry is to develop solid state batteries that would replace the liquid lithium solution in current batteries with solid layers of a lithium compound. Solid state batteries are anticipated to be more stable and less susceptible to overheating, leading to quicker charging times and lighter weight. Toyota Motor Co. and other companies have made significant investments in this technology and have already achieved success in producing some solid state batteries. Producing solid state batteries in large quantities at an affordable price is the challenging aspect. QuantumScape has generated excitement by claiming to have discovered a material that addresses a major obstacle in mass producing solid state batteries - their tendency to short circuit due to imperfections. Despite this breakthrough, the industry anticipates that solid state batteries will not be widely accessible until approximately 2030. Tesla's CEO, Elon Musk, stated that mass producing batteries is incredibly difficult, emphasizing that creating prototypes is a much simpler task. Scaling up production is a challenging task, but having a degree in electrochemistry is currently very advantageous. Those who have knowledge of materials like lithium, nickel, and cobalt are essential to the battery industry, similar to how software coders are crucial to the computer industry. For example, Jakub Reiter has had a passion for battery chemistry since he was a teenager in Prague in the 1990s. Despite it not being a popular career choice at the time, he was recruited by BMW in 2011 to study battery science. Recently, he was hired by InoBat to help establish a factory in Slovakia, where several car manufacturers such as Volkswagen, Kia, Peugeot, and Jaguar Land Rover are located. Reiter currently holds the position of head of science at InoBat, a company that specializes in developing batteries for various purposes such as affordable batteries for commuter cars or high-performance ones for roadsters. According to Reiter, the importance of batteries has significantly increased over the past two decades, leading to intense competition in the industry. | 2 |
Following the protests that shook Brazil in June, Rousseff has requested Congress to conduct a non-binding national vote, or plebiscite, to determine what changes Brazilians desire. She has outlined various areas, such as campaign finance reform and a potential switch from proportional representation to district voting, that she hopes will be addressed. Recent polls have shown a significant drop in Rousseff's approval ratings, indicating that the ongoing protests in Brazil could pose a serious challenge to her re-election bid next year. The protests, which drew over 1 million people at their peak, were fueled by discontent with inadequate public services, high living costs, and the excessive spending on the 2014 World Cup. The demonstrations have made it clear that Brazilians are seeking a more effective and transparent government, free from corruption. While the protests targeted politicians of all affiliations, Rousseff's popularity has suffered, prompting her to advocate for a plebiscite to engage the public in decision-making. She emphasized the importance of increased citizen participation and consultation in shaping the country's future, proposing additional topics for the plebiscite such as eliminating unelected substitutes for senators. In Brazil, every member of Congress has substitutes who can take over their seat if they resign, such as to join the Cabinet. President Rousseff is also pushing for the public to have a say in the rules that allow lawmakers to be elected with votes from other party supporters. A recent poll showed that 81% of Brazilians support the protests for change, with 68% in favor of a plebiscite. However, Rousseff's opponents believe the plebiscite is a tactic to divert attention from the country's real issues, such as lack of investment in infrastructure and public services, and to gain support before the upcoming election. Senator Alvaro Dias, leader of the main opposition party, argues that most of Rousseff's reform ideas are already being addressed in current congressional bills, making a rushed plebiscite an unnecessary expense. He believes the focus should be on more pressing matters that affect the people. The possibility of a fiasco looms with the plebiscite, as Rousseff's main ally, the PMDB party, is hesitant and prefers reforms to be discussed in Congress. Political analyst Andre Cesar warns that the vote may not happen or could lead to unexpected consequences, such as Congress debating the end of presidential re-elections. Despite still holding an approval rating of just above 50 percent, Rousseff faces a more competitive race in the upcoming October 2014 election. Some analysts doubt that the plebiscite is the best way for Rousseff to regain support. According to them, Rousseff should concentrate on reducing inflation and revitalizing Brazil's economy, which has been stagnant for the past two years. Although smaller protests are still ongoing in Brazil, the main catalyst for the large demonstrations has ended with the conclusion of the Confederations Cup. However, other challenges remain, including plans by some of Brazil's major labor unions to organize marches on July 11 to advocate for their demands, such as a shorter work week. | 2 |
The graduate shows in May, which are like a final exam for designers, are not just a rite of passage but also an opportunity to network, make industry connections, and possibly secure future job opportunities. However, this year was different due to the coronavirus pandemic. The school closed, lessons moved online, and the final show was canceled. Instead, a digital presentation on June 17 was held, where each student could only showcase two looks and a 90-second video. For 24-year-old Ives, an ambitious American who has his own label and has worked at Fenty, Rihanna's fashion brand, the past two months have been challenging. Ives, who has diabetes and spent three months isolated in his apartment working on his pieces, reflected on the challenges posed by the pandemic. He questioned whether he would have pursued a postgraduate degree if he had known four years ago that he would graduate without a degree show and be taught remotely for months. Many other students are also reconsidering their educational paths due to the disruptions caused by the pandemic, which have led to a shift to remote learning and raised doubts about the future of higher education. Top universities are facing staff layoffs and a reassessment of financial projections as international students grapple with the uncertain global climate and high tuition fees. Students of all backgrounds, including those interested in fashion, are now thinking twice about pursuing a college education. In the past, earning a degree from prestigious fashion schools such as Central Saint Martins, Royal College of Art, Parsons, F.I.T., and Royal Academy of Arts has been seen as a valuable investment despite the high cost. The fashion education industry has seen significant growth in recent years, offering a wide range of courses from both well-known institutions and new private schools like the Condé Nast College of Fashion & Design. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to travel restrictions and decreased enrollment numbers. Valérie Berdah Levy, director of the Paris campus of Istituto Marangoni, acknowledged that their revenue will be lower next year. Some students are hesitant to come to Europe due to travel restrictions, while others are uncertain about when borders will reopen. Berdah Levy also noted that some parents may be facing financial or health challenges that could affect their resources. The adaptations made by art schools earlier this year in response to the pandemic may influence their plans for the fall. Zowie Broach, head of fashion at London's Royal College of Art, mentioned potential changes such as focusing on presentation and research at the beginning of the academic year and teaching digital skills needed for remote work. Broach's graduates are currently working on a digital discovery platform called RCA2020, where each student will have their own page. The platform is set to go live between July 16-31. Despite the challenges of the new reality, there have been some positive aspects, such as having access to higher caliber speakers from the industry through Zoom. This has led to more ambitious debates on using the pandemic as a motivator for meaningful industry change. Recently, speakers like Sir Jonathan Ive, Virgil Abloh, and Olafur Eliasson have participated in events. Walter van Beirendonck, head of fashion at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Antwerp, organized digital "blind dates" for his master's students with fashion stars like Stephen Jones and Raf Simons. This year at the Savannah College of Art and Design in Georgia, fashion and accessory graduates showcased their final projects online to a group of 50 industry judges, including designer Christopher John Rogers and Bruce Pask, the men's fashion director of Bergdorf Goodman. Michael Fink, the school of fashion dean at SCAD, acknowledged that students missed being together and handling fabrics, and some faced difficulties adjusting to remote work. We have shifted our focus from just completed final collections to how designers respond to crises. It remains to be seen whether fashion students, especially those from China, who have expectations beyond just obtaining a degree will appreciate these changes. Universities in English-speaking countries, such as Britain, Australia, and the United States, heavily rely on tuition fees from Chinese students, which are higher than those paid by local students. There are concerns that enrollment levels may decrease due to travel restrictions and Chinese students' dissatisfaction with the West's approach to public health. Sir Nigel Carrington, vice-chancellor of the University of the Arts London, mentioned that international acceptances are currently on par with last year, but there are worries about actual enrollments. Out of a student body of 20,000, around 3,000 are Chinese, with an equal split between British and international students across the six colleges. The government sets a limit of approximately $11,500 for annual fees for British students, while international students face fees of around $25,000. Flights to Britain from China (and other countries) are not expected to resume until at least August. Many students are facing delays in starting the fall term due to difficulties in taking the required language test for working or studying in Britain, caused by a backlog in applications. Some scientists are forecasting a potential second wave of coronavirus in the fall, adding to the challenges facing students and universities. In 2021, there will be an increase in fees related to Brexit, leading to a potential rise in enrollment of European Union students before the fee hike takes effect. This may help offset the decrease in Chinese enrollment, but only temporarily. Despite this, Carrington noted that their institution is highly respected for art and design courses, maintaining demand. Less competitive schools may face more serious consequences from the pandemic, with potential unemployment for lecturers, especially those on temporary contracts. An article in The Art Newspaper on June 22 highlighted that job cuts and non-renewed contracts in British arts universities could disproportionately impact women and people of color. During a time when fashion education is emphasizing the need for better representation and diversity, the identity of the instructors teaching students could play a significant role in their decision-making process. According to van Beirendonck from the Antwerp school, the uncertainty of future demand is causing concern despite their selective intake. While acknowledging the fear felt by young people worldwide, it is important for colleges to continue providing education for those aspiring to become successful fashion designers. Carrington mentioned that graduating students may have limited access to workshops to complete their portfolios due to lockdown measures being eased. However, employment opportunities in fashion studios have decreased since the beginning of the pandemic. In recent months, some smaller luxury brands such as Sies Marjan and Peter Pilotto have shut down, while many seamstresses and patternmakers have been laid off or put on furlough by even the largest fashion houses in countries like France and Italy. A Central Saint Martins graduate named Ives, who had planned to focus on their own label after working in big companies, is now uncertain about the risks of starting a business during a major recession. Many of their peers are also unsure about their future plans. | 2 |
Last week, a friendly Amazon employee asked me if I wanted to shop at the new Whole Foods Market in Washington's Glover Park neighborhood by scanning a QR code in my Amazon app. I opted to use my palm to enter the store by scanning both hands on a kiosk and linking them to my Amazon account, then scanned my right palm over the turnstile reader to gain access to the advanced grocery store. I spent the next half hour shopping. I purchased a bag of cauliflower florets, grapefruit sparkling water, a carton of strawberries, and a package of organic chicken sausages. My actions were recorded by cameras and sensors, creating a virtual shopping cart for me in real-time. I was able to leave the store without needing a cashier, as Whole Foods (now owned by Amazon) would charge my account later. Amazon acquired Whole Foods for $13 billion over four years ago. The grocery chain has now been fully integrated with Amazon, as demonstrated by the newly renovated Whole Foods store in Glover Park. Amazon had been gradually making changes to the more than 500 Whole Foods stores in the United States and Britain, primarily through discounts and free delivery for Amazon Prime members. However, the 21,000-square-foot Whole Foods in Glover Park, along with a prototype store set to open in Los Angeles, represents a significant step forward in Amazon's involvement. These stores are designed to be largely operated by tracking and robotic technology for the first time. The technology called Just Walk Out utilizes numerous cameras to monitor customers from above. Sensors are located beneath each item for sale, such as apples, oatmeal, and bread. Advanced software analyzes shopping behavior to improve accuracy in charging customers. This technology is similar to the technology used in autonomous vehicles. It can detect when a customer removes an item from a shelf, freezer, or produce bin, automatically record the purchase, and charge the customer upon exiting the store. Amazon has been testing automation technology for over four years, starting with Amazon Go convenience stores and Amazon Fresh grocery stores. This technology, called Amazon One, allows anyone with an Amazon account to shop without a cash register. Other stores, such as a Hudson convenience store and Shaquille O'Neal's Big Chicken restaurant, are also using this palm-scanning technology. According to Dilip Kumar, Amazon's vice president of physical retail and technology, these stores have been valuable experiments. Amazon sees Whole Foods as another step in its expansion of technology into retail stores. "We identified areas that caused friction for customers, and then diligently worked backwards to find ways to reduce that friction," Kumar explained. "We have always noticed that customers dislike waiting in checkout lines, as it is not the most efficient use of their time. This realization led us to create the Just Walk Out concept." Kumar did not comment on whether Amazon planned to expand this technology to all Whole Foods stores. According to my colleague Karen Weise at The New York Times, who covers Amazon from Seattle, the company operates with long-term goals, having the patience and resources to execute changes gradually. This approach has allowed Amazon to revolutionize labor, retail, and logistics over the course of many years. Groceries are only a small part of its goals. The Whole Foods in Glover Park has been serving the neighborhood for over two decades, located near Embassy Row and the vice president's Naval Observatory residence. The store closed four years ago due to issues with the landlord and a rat infestation. Amazon revealed plans last year to reopen the store as a Just Walk Out pilot project. While the rats may have disappeared, the concerns of the neighborhood remain. The recently renovated store has sparked a lively local discussion among residents on social media platforms such as Nextdoor and a neighborhood email list. Some residents are debating the store's new "dystopian" atmosphere compared to its impressive technology. Many neighbors fondly remember when the store used to offer free samples and fluffy blueberry pancakes on weekends, encouraging people to hang out. Alex Levin, a long-time resident of Glover Park, believes that people should not dismiss the store's changes but instead understand the advantages and disadvantages of the technology and use it to their benefit. He shared a story of trying to trick the store's cameras and sensors by placing a box of chicken nuggets in his shopping bag and then returning the item to a freezer, but Amazon did not fall for it and he was not charged for the nuggets. However, some individuals reported discovering mistakes in their invoices and were dissatisfied with the switch from pricing produce by the pound to pricing it per item, bundle, or box. Some lamented the absence of traditional checkout lines, where they could browse magazines and impulse buy items. Additionally, many were wary of the tracking technology, with one individual comparing it to George Orwell's "1984." Amazon stated that it had no intention of using customer data from Whole Foods for advertising or its recommendation system. Customers who do not wish to use the new technology can simply enter the store without signing in and pay with cash or a credit card at self-checkout kiosks. As someone who frequents the Whole Foods in Glover Park, I was eager to see the changes, but I started to feel unsure as I went through the process of scanning my palm and purchasing items. A sign near the entrance reminded shoppers not to take photos or videos inside the store. I looked up at the ceiling and saw numerous small black plastic boxes hanging from the rafters. An employee informed me that those were the cameras that would track me during my shopping trip. There were workers at the entrance assisting customers with check-in, as well as others at the seafood counter, cheese station, and produce areas. Kumar mentioned that the stores would continue to have human employees, but I couldn't help but wonder for how much longer. Amazon, which is being closely observed for how it treats its workers, mentioned that the responsibilities of employees could change over time to involve more customer interaction for answering inquiries. This suggested a potential shift towards a more self-service approach. For example, at a bakery, I had to seek out assistance to slice my $4.99 Harvest loaf and was guided towards a professional bread slicer available for customers to use. A cautionary label on the slicer warned about sharp blades and advised customers to keep their hands away from any moving components. Kumar refused to provide information on the accuracy of Just Walk Out, so I decided to test the technology myself. I conducted an experiment by placing an organic avocado on a pile of nonorganic avocados and then picking up the same organic avocado later. If the cameras and sensors were working correctly, Amazon would detect my actions and charge me for the misplaced organic avocado. As I was leaving the store, I could choose to use a self-checkout kiosk or skip the process altogether. I chose the second option and waved my hand over the exit turnstile, causing the arms to open. An employee informed me that I should expect to receive my receipt within two to three hours. As I walked out, I felt uneasy, worried that I might be wrongly perceived as a shoplifter. I received an email from Amazon in my email inbox one hour later. The email contained a link that directed me to my Amazon account for more information. According to the email, my shopping session lasted 32 minutes and 26 seconds, and my total bill was $34.35. I was also billed accurately for the organic avocado. | 2 |
The investors, which include Aviva's fund arm and several Swedish state pension funds, sent a letter to food companies on Sept 23 urging them to address the significant risks associated with industrial farming and to explore plant-based protein sources. Kraft Heinz, Nestle, Unilever, Tesco, and Walmart were among the companies contacted, according to a statement from the Farm Animal Investment Risk & Return Initiative, which organized the investor group. Jeremy Coller, founder of the FAIRR initiative and chief investment officer at Coller Capital, stated that the world's heavy reliance on factory farming for protein production could lead to financial, social, and environmental crises. He highlighted issues such as pollution from intensive livestock farming, low safety and welfare standards, and the industry's inability to meet the growing global demand for protein. Coller emphasized that investors are interested in knowing if major food companies have plans to address these concerns and take advantage of the rapidly expanding plant-based protein market, which is projected to grow by 8.4 percent annually over the next five years. The campaign is based on a study conducted by Oxford University which suggests that reducing meat consumption could save $1.5 trillion in healthcare and climate change-related costs by 2050. Companies can take action now to promote more sustainable diets by decreasing reliance on meat and increasing the market for plant-based protein alternatives. This will also help companies strengthen their protein supply chains against future disruptions. Other companies contacted by FAIRR include General Mills, Mondelez International, Ahold-Delhaize, The Co-operative Group, Costco Wholesale Corporation, Kroger Company, Marks & Spencer, Wm Morrison Supermarkets, Ocado, Sainsbury's, and Whole Foods Market. | 2 |
Maibam Sharat was the second person in a group of six friends walking past a security post in India when he says a soldier opened fire, injuring his friend Ranbir. The troops, stationed in Manipur to fight militants, initially did not provide medical help, which ultimately led to Ranbir's death from gunshot wounds. Sharat believes the soldiers may have been acting out of frustration and anger from a previous attack by militants. Human rights organizations and political parties are condemning the killing of Ranbir as just one in a series of abuses committed by the military in Manipur, all under the protection of the stringent federal anti-terror law known as the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act or AFSPA. This law gives soldiers immunity from prosecution and has become a central issue as the state of 2.6 million people begins voting in a three-stage election to choose a new legislature. Most parties agree that the law, which only applies to certain regions of India, should either be abolished or significantly amended. Sovakiran Singh, a legislator from the Heirok constituency where Nongpok Sekmai is located, has stated that if his party comes to power, they will work to repeal AFSPA in the first session of the new legislature. However, New Delhi has the power to overrule the state government and reinstate the law. Singh is hopeful that the government will take action in response to the pressure from Manipur, where 20,000 people have lost their lives in a separatist rebellion since the 1960s. The Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA) allows troops extensive authority to search, arrest, and eliminate suspected militants even without an immediate threat present. Troops can only be prosecuted with approval from the central government, which is rarely granted. This law was enacted in 1958 to address armed separatist violence in northeast India, and the military argues that it provides essential protection from politically motivated accusations. However, human rights organizations argue that the powers granted by AFSPA have created an environment where security forces can commit rights violations without consequences, such as torture, rape, and murder. They believe that this has only increased anger and led to more insurgents. Pradip Phanjoubam, editor of the Imphal Free Press daily, referred to AFSPA as a result of the state's extreme paranoia. A Border Security Force official stated that soldiers were responding to militant gunfire in the Nongpok Sekmai incident, but residents of the hamlet do not trust his account. Manipur, located 1,500 miles (2,400 km) from New Delhi, is considered one of India's most troubled regions, often overlooked by the nation. Soldiers are present everywhere in Manipur, as the state has experienced multiple instances of violence in the past five years where soldiers were accused of killing civilians, leading to public outrage. Despite protests, there was a slight increase in extra-judicial killings last year, with 18 documented cases, according to Babloo Loitongbam, director of Manipur's Human Rights Alert. Phanjoubam and Loitongbam believe that rather than a military approach, New Delhi should focus on a political solution to address the insurgency in Manipur and bring development to the underdeveloped state. It is uncertain whether political parties in Manipur will be able to exert enough pressure for meaningful change. The Congress party, in power in India and Manipur since 2002, has been indecisive about the AFSPA issue. Sonia Gandhi, the party chief, reassured Manipuris that the government is sincerely considering the recommendations of an expert panel that proposed amendments to the law 18 months ago. However, many Manipuris are still doubtful about any actual change happening. | 2 |
Christian Chapman, 41, likened his experience during Better.com's orientation to the exhilaration of a new romance. The benefits were abundant, the company's mission was strong, and Chapman, a mortgage underwriting trainer, quickly became enamored. He and his colleagues enthusiastically shouted "LGTM!" which stood for "Let's Get That Money." However, there were warning signs, such as a profanity-laced rant by Vishal Garg, the CEO, during a video call last summer, causing Chapman to mute the call and remove his young daughter from the room. Then, in the previous month, Garg gathered 900 Better.com employees, including Chapman, around 9% of the workforce, and terminated them via a Zoom call that was recorded and shared online. Garg later apologized, but a week after that, the company's board announced that the founder and CEO would be taking time off. For nearly two years, couches have served as offices, colleagues communicate through instant messaging, and employees have had to adapt to significant changes in how they interact in the corporate world. Angelina Darrisaw, CEO of C-Suite Coach, noted a decrease in tolerance for difficult bosses and an increased interest in executive coaching services. "You cannot simply wake up one day and start leading people," she remarked. "Companies are now considering how to ensure that our managers are properly trained for their roles." The focus on workplace behavior has intensified in recent years following widespread discussions on appropriate conduct in the office. The #MeToo movement led to numerous executives stepping down due to allegations of sexual misconduct. The Black Lives Matter protests, sparked by the death of George Floyd, prompted corporate leaders to issue apologies for past discriminatory practices and lack of diversity in their workforce, committing to make improvements. With the disruption of work routines caused by the pandemic, people have started questioning the unpleasantness and indignities they used to tolerate as part of the office environment. Some individuals are advocating for no longer working for unpleasant people. However, being unpleasant is not against the law, which complicates the issue of dealing with mean coworkers. The definition of a bully can vary depending on who you ask. In popular culture, the image of a demanding and difficult boss has been portrayed by characters like Meryl Streep's Miranda Priestly in "The Devil Wears Prada." In reality, bad behavior by bosses can range from mildly uncomfortable to truly cringe-worthy. The founder, whose strong vision and ambition can make it challenging for employees to question his temper, is exemplified by Garg, who accused fired employees of "stealing" from the company by not working enough hours. Better.com referred to Garg's apology for the layoffs when asked for comment. Hollywood mogul Scott Rudin, known for producing critically acclaimed work, also threw staplers at his employees but later apologized. Another example is Steph Korey, former CEO of Away, who demanded loyalty and constant activity on Slack from employees at all times. She expressed her hope that everyone in the group would appreciate the effort she had put into creating a career development opportunity in a message asking her staff to refrain from requesting time off. Oracle's Larry Ellison, on the other hand, described his leadership style as "management by ridicule," emphasizing the need for intellectual intimidation and rhetorical bullying. Tessa West, a social psychologist at New York University, outlined different negative personalities in her book "Jerks at Work," including the bulldozer, the free rider, the gaslighter, and the kiss up/kick downer. A lot of the instances she mentions involve supervisors, who are typically more difficult to report. West's motivation for pursuing this issue is personal. She experienced workplace harassment during her time at the University of Connecticut, where a colleague engaged in various forms of sabotage such as providing incorrect meeting times and criticizing her clothing choices. Despite the comments not clearly breaching any code of conduct other than common courtesy, West was hesitant to address the situation further. West reflected that the climate has shifted and behaviors that were once accepted are now seen as inappropriate. Going to work has always involved dealing with unpleasant aspects like commuting and early morning conversations, as well as following orders from superiors. However, the past year has seen a shift in power dynamics between employees and employers, possibly due to a record number of Americans quitting their jobs in November and uncertainty around office return plans. Regardless of the specific changes, more employees are feeling empowered to speak up to their managers. In the past, being your full self at work may have meant wearing a pop of color, but now it includes activities like meditation with your team and discussing how the company supports the community. Jacquelyn Carter, 26, had not planned on leaving her job during the pandemic, as she had been taught by her mother to stay with a team for as long as possible. However, she started to notice various negative experiences accumulating over time. Some of her coworkers consistently forgot her name, while others talked over her during meetings. One manager at the organization even went as far as calling one of her ideas "stupid." Being a Black woman, she often had to deal with insensitive remarks from white colleagues. Upon reflecting at home, she realized she no longer had to endure comments about her appearance from passing coworkers in the hallway. She found solace in watching TikToks of people celebrating their decisions to leave jobs they disliked, known as QuitTok, with clips featuring songs like Destiny's Child's "Bills, Bills, Bills" and Cardi B's "Money." One popular video showed three women dancing offscreen with text stating, "the company would rather lose 3 reliable hard working employees than fix their toxic management." This motivated her to leave her employer due to a mean colleague, and she eventually found a new opportunity at Darrisaw's firm. The negative experiences shared by former employees on social media prompted some individuals, like Kristofer Flatt, to switch from retail to office jobs. Flatt, who previously worked at a big-box store in Arkansas, was dissatisfied with his managers' lack of concern for his safety, unclear instructions for tasks, and reluctance to grant him time off for personal reasons. He ultimately left his retail job in spring 2020 and transitioned to a corporate role. Janine Yancey, the founder of Emtrain, a company that offers workplace training, emphasized the importance of businesses prioritizing the development of a positive work culture in order to attract top talent. Yancey noted that in recent years, there has been a lack of investment in improving leadership and management skills within companies. Yancey, a former employment lawyer, realized that legal reform alone would not bring about the workplace changes she desired, especially after witnessing Ellen Pao lose her gender discrimination lawsuit in 2015. Yancey believes that societal change is necessary, as laws are only the starting point. Shani Ospina is working to speed up this societal change as a professional jerk patroller. A coach who works with Strategyzer, a software and consulting company, conducts 90-minute screenings during interviews to evaluate job candidates' personality fit and emphasize the importance of teamwork. She starts by asking candidates what aspect of themselves they are most proud of, then delves deeper by asking what aspect they would most like to change. The coach believes that recognizing failures and striving for improvement distinguishes average people from hardcore jerks. One of Strategyzer's founders, Alex Osterwalder, identifies common jerk qualities as blaming colleagues, rejecting feedback, and gossiping about others. He stresses the importance of screening for non-jerk behavior in addition to technical skills. Jerkiness, similar to incompetence, can negatively impact productivity. Competent jerks who advance in their careers can have significant consequences, particularly in a corporate environment that values results over how the work is accomplished. Recognition is given for performance rather than teamwork. Baird, a financial services company, has gone a step further by officially implementing a "no asshole rule" and educating employees about it during orientation, even including it in training materials. Leslie Dixon, the leader of the human resources department, has terminated employees who have violated the policy. Dixon believes that by clearly communicating the policy to new employees and consistently discussing it throughout their time at the company, it encourages an open dialogue about behavior that may not be illegal but can still be problematic. Similar to the approach taken by Strategyzer, those responsible for enforcing Baird's policy understand that rudeness is not a fixed characteristic and that individuals are not immediately dismissed for minor mistakes. Even Beth Kavelaris, the director of culture and integration at the organization, acknowledged receiving feedback in the past that prompted her to reassess her own behavior. Kavelaris remembered receiving a message from her boss criticizing her listening skills, admitting she had interrupted her during the conversation. She acknowledged that she has improved since then and has not received similar feedback in a while. Recently, Garg, who had fired 900 employees via Zoom, issued an apology to his Better.com team, expressing regret for not showing enough respect and appreciation to those affected. He vowed to do better, promising transparency and sharing goals for 2022. His judgment arrived at a time when most companies are focused on retaining talent, as having a strong staff is essential for meeting objectives. Many companies are recognizing that misconduct can significantly deplete their workforce. Darrisaw, from C-Suite Coach, assists companies in evaluating ways to enhance their workplace culture by questioning clients about any increase in team members wanting to leave. "That frequently indicates the type of management approach being used. At times, employees may publicly identify their cruel colleagues, while in other situations, this task is left to those who are leaving the company. This suggests that the departure season could create problems for the unpleasant individuals." ©2022 The New York Times Company. | 2 |
The election is the initial important assessment of the junta under Prime Minister Prayuth Chan-ocha, who has restricted political activities since taking control in a coup in 2014. Before the referendum, polls indicated a slight advantage for approving the new constitution, but many voters were uncertain. Initial results were anticipated around 8pm local time. Prayuth stated he would not step down if Thailand denies the constitution and that an election will happen next year regardless of the result. He urged Thai citizens to join in after voting on Sunday. "I encourage all individuals to participate in the voting process in order to determine the direction of the nation," stated Prime Minister Prayuth Chan-ocha as he addressed journalists at a polling location in northwest Bangkok. Despite his remarks, a woman in the crowd interrupted him, questioning his ability to lead and safeguard the country before being escorted away by security. Approximately 200,000 police were assigned to supervise the election in Thailand. Despite major political parties opposing the constitution, there were no signs of unrest during the vote. The military junta, also known as the National Council for Peace and Order, has prohibited any criticism of the constitution and has arrested and charged several individuals, including politicians and activists, for speaking out against it. Critics argue that the constitution is the military's way of trying to prevent former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra and his populist politics from returning to power after he was removed in a coup in 2006. Prime Minister Prayuth Chan-ocha has been in power during a period of political instability in Thailand, which has lasted over a decade since Thaksin's removal. Thaksin, who lives in self-imposed exile, still wields significant influence, especially among his rural supporters in the north. His sister Yingluck won a significant victory in the 2011 elections but was removed from power by Prayuth in a coup in 2014. Despite being banned from politics for five years due to allegations of mismanagement, Yingluck still participated in the voting process and encouraged others to do the same. Thaksin criticized the new constitution, claiming it would only serve to strengthen the military's control over Thailand. Interviews conducted by Reuters with high-ranking military officials revealed that the military's goal is to prevent future coups by implementing a new constitution that weakens political parties and gives the military a significant role in overseeing the country's economic and political development. The proposed constitution, which would be Thailand's 20th since the military ended absolute monarchy in 1932, includes a Senate appointed by the junta with seats reserved for military leaders to act as a check on elected officials. In the city of Khon Kaen, voters lined up outside the rebuilt city hall, which was destroyed during political unrest in 2010. Farmer Thongyoon Khaenkhaomeng expressed his desire for the country to improve and voted in favor of the constitution in hopes of ending divisions in Thailand. Day laborer Decha Shangkamanee expressed his dislike for the junta by voting against the charter, but he did not believe that the referendum would have a significant impact on the way the country is governed. Former Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra also cast her vote, expressing her hope for improvement in the country. Farmer Thongyoon Khaenkhaomeng, who voted in favor of the constitution, did so in the hopes of uniting Thailand and putting an end to its divisions. Day laborer Decha Shangkamanee explained that he voted against the charter due to his dislike of the junta, but he doesn't believe the referendum will have much impact on the country's governance. He expressed his belief that nothing will truly change with the current ruling system in place. The vote is taking place amidst concerns about the health of King Bhumibol Adulyadej, 88, and the military has historically used its role as protector of the revered monarch to justify its involvement in politics. Regardless of the outcome of the vote, the United Nations is advocating for more communication between the military and political adversaries, according to Luc Stevens, the UN chief in Thailand. He said that reconciliation cannot happen if one group wants to dictate the terms, and emphasized the importance of an inclusive process, open dialogue, and allowing people to share their opinions. Two students in Chaiyaphum were arrested for distributing anti-referendum leaflets. Despite the ban on campaigning, the military is still actively promoting voter participation, with the Election Commission aiming for an 80 percent turnout. Amnesty International stated that the military government had established a frightening atmosphere before the election by committing widespread abuses of human rights. | 2 |
Although Ukraine successfully conducted a peaceful presidential election recently, the situation in the eastern region near the Russian border remains unstable, with armed groups attacking Ukrainian government forces and taking control of state buildings. The G7 stated that they are prepared to escalate targeted sanctions and consider additional restrictive measures against Russia if necessary. German Chancellor Angela Merkel emphasized the need for Russia to stabilize the situation, warning that further destabilization in Ukraine could result in heavier sanctions. Despite minor sanctions already in place, more severe measures could be implemented if the situation worsens. The successful election on May 25th, however, has eased tensions and some believe that Russia may be more willing to cooperate, reducing the threat of further sanctions. However, the statement released on Wednesday indicates that the West is still not convinced that President Vladimir Putin is taking sufficient action to de-escalate the situation. Russia has denied any involvement in the uprising in eastern Ukraine, where pro-Moscow militias have seized buildings, attacked Ukrainian forces, and declared independence. Despite being excluded from the G7 summit for the first time since 1997, Putin will have meetings with German Chancellor Angela Merkel, French President Francois Hollande, and British Prime Minister David Cameron during a D-Day anniversary event in France. The focus of these meetings is not who Putin meets with, but rather the discussions that take place. President Barack Obama, who has avoided contact with Putin, is not concerned about these meetings. The G7 summit will also address economic, trade, climate, and energy policies, with a particular emphasis on energy security in Europe. The leaders will emphasize the importance of prioritizing the security of energy supplies and condemn the use of energy as a tool of political coercion. The situation in Ukraine highlights the importance of prioritizing energy security and calls for a significant shift in our strategy to diversify energy sources. The economic talks among G7 countries are not anticipated to introduce new ideas, but rather emphasize the need for all members to concentrate on maintaining economic growth and implementing stricter regulations to avoid potential issues in the banking sector. The leaders will also confirm their dedication to finishing financial reforms this year, including putting an end to "too-big-to-fail" banks. | 2 |
Russia has extended its military presence to the borders of NATO countries, including the Baltic nations, after invading Ukraine and deploying troops in Belarus. If Russia is successful in taking over Ukraine and maintaining bases in Belarus as expected, its forces will stretch from the Baltics and Poland to Slovakia, Hungary, and northern Romania, posing a significant challenge for NATO in defending its eastern flank. The proximity of Russian forces in Belarus to Kaliningrad, a Russian territory with missiles capable of reaching Europe, increases the risk for conflict with NATO in various regions for years to come. This development has major implications for NATO, according to experts. Russia's goal is to eliminate Ukraine as an independent country in Europe. NATO has responded by sending extra troops and aircraft to member states near Russia. There are talks about abandoning the 1997 NATO-Russia Founding Act due to Russia's actions in Ukraine and Crimea. NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg stated that Russia's actions are a threat to Euro-Atlantic security and additional defensive forces are being deployed. Discussions with Moscow about changing Europe's security structure are affected by Russian troops on NATO's eastern border. Increased military spending in response to the new Russian invasion, similar to the modest increase seen after the Crimea annexation, will result in significant and permanent deployments of forces, equipment, planes, and missiles. This will have a detrimental impact on the peace, prosperity, and complacency that has characterized the alliance over the past three decades. According to Lesser, NATO had become distracted by other issues such as climate and cyber, neglecting its core responsibility of dealing with ruthless individuals who see foreign policy as a blood sport. With NATO already revising its strategic concept and discussing a replacement for Stoltenberg, who steps down on Oct 1, the urgency of these tasks has only intensified. Lesser emphasizes that NATO must now broaden its thinking about its purpose. Benjamin Hodges, a former commander of US forces in Europe and current member of the Centre for European Policy Analysis, stated that deterring a newly aggressive Russia will not be an easy task. Moving troops and equipment in post-Cold War Europe has become more difficult due to some bridges and railways being unable to handle heavy armor. Hodges mentioned that political leaders will be surprised at the time it takes to move equipment under EU road regulations and without special priority on the German rail system. He also pointed out that NATO lacks significant air and missile defenses for a modern air war, which typically targets infrastructure such as airports, roads, and rail, as seen in Ukraine. Hodges highlighted the need for an entire battalion of Patriot missiles to protect the US air base at Ramstein in Germany, but there is only one Patriot battalion in Europe. The Fulda Gap in Germany, once a concern for Cold War strategists, was heavily defended by US troops to prevent the Warsaw Pact from advancing tanks from East Germany to the Rhine River. The current focus is on the Suwalki Corridor, a narrow passage connecting Poland to Lithuania that, if seized, would isolate the Baltic nations from NATO. This corridor separates Belarus from Kaliningrad, the base of the Russian Baltic Fleet. Analysts suggest that an empowered Putin may seek direct access from Belarus to Kaliningrad. This is just one aspect of Russia's potential strategy to separate the Baltics from NATO. The threat to Poland is now more urgent, with suggestions to deploy heavy battalions in Poland and strengthen military presence in the Baltic states. In 2016, NATO agreed to deploy battalions in Poland and the Baltic nations for the first time, known as an "enhanced forward presence." These battalions each consist of approximately 1,100 soldiers who are combat-ready, but small in size, serving more as tripwires rather than a significant obstacle to a Russian advance. Additionally, in 2014, NATO established a "very high readiness joint task force" under Turkey's command, designed to quickly respond to threats against NATO sovereignty. This task force includes a land brigade with around 5,000 troops, supported by air, sea, and special forces, with the capacity to deploy additional reinforcements within 30 days. However, the effectiveness of the smaller force remains untested, and the larger Response Force it leads is only a quarter the size of the Russian invasion force in Ukraine. The larger force, established in 2002 for rapid deployment, consists of 40,000 members who are based in their home countries, making it difficult to gather them quickly. There are concerns about NATO members fulfilling their promise to provide weapons to Ukraine in its conflict with Russia. Transporting arms to Ukraine by air, rail, or road could be impeded by the Russian military, even if done by contractors rather than NATO soldiers. Additionally, supporting an insurgency against Russia carries risks due to the proximity of the Russian military. Accidental confrontations escalating into conflict are a possibility in the current tense environment. Analysts are highlighting the incident in 2015 when Turkey shot down a Russian fighter plane near the Syria-Turkey border as a potential escalating factor in current tensions. With arms control agreements from the Cold War era becoming defunct, there are new concerns about the deployment of conventional forces and medium-range missiles. Russia's involvement in cyberwarfare, including hacking the German Parliament and interfering in elections, as well as spreading disinformation on social media, has added to these threats. It is argued that stronger cooperation between the European Union and NATO on defense is necessary to address these challenges and move away from political and ideological differences. Collaboration with the EU on areas such as economic sanctions, cyber resilience, energy security, and information warfare could benefit both organizations, especially since most EU members are already part of NATO or closely allied with it. Bond emphasized the importance of American support while also stressing the need for European autonomy and self-reliance. There is uncertainty in Europe about President Joe Biden's future, with concerns that a more isolationist Republican could take office. Bond urged Europe to increase military spending and efficiency to meet real capability needs, stating that these measures are now vital. | 2 |
The corporate leaders in Germany are facing criticism following a police raid on one of the country's most respected CEOs. The raid on Klaus Zumwinkel, the CEO of Deutsche Post, for suspected tax evasion has further eroded the public's trust in the corporate system. This incident, along with previous scandals involving companies like Volkswagen and Siemens, has led to public outrage over high executive salaries and questionable practices. Finance Minister Peer Steinbrueck has warned of potential political consequences and expressed concern over the impact on the country's economic and social system. The situation escalated on Friday when a newspaper reported that the investigation could expand to include hundreds of wealthy and influential Germans with offshore bank accounts. Post-World War II Germany is known for its strong economy and successful corporations, with many companies leading their industries globally. While executive salaries in Germany are lower than in the U.S. and UK, dissatisfaction is growing among citizens who feel they are not benefitting from the country's economic growth. Lower income individuals are seeing a decrease in disposable income, leading to media criticism of excessive executive pay. One example includes Juergen Schrempp, former CEO of Daimler, who received a substantial payout and stock options during the failed merger with Chrysler, resulting in losses for shareholders. The case of Zumwinkel reinforces the widespread belief that high-ranking individuals deceive and cheat the rest of society, according to an editorial in the Sueddeutsche Zeitung. This public outrage over unethical corporate leaders may result in a shift towards more left-wing policies, as seen in the growing support for the Left party. This trend has already influenced the ruling coalition to adopt more lenient welfare reforms. Klaus Schneider of the SdK shareholders' association stated that the negative image of avaricious executives contributes to a sense of social injustice, further benefiting the Left party. Oskar Lafontaine, the former German finance minister and co-leader of the Left party, is advocating for an increase in public spending on pensions, welfare benefits, and education. Transparency International, a corruption watchdog, has stated that there is no concrete evidence to suggest that corruption is on the rise in Germany. However, Peter von Blomberg, the deputy head of Transparency International Germany, noted that there has been a shift in public perception towards the importance of tackling corruption in the past decade or so. He also highlighted the need for German companies to implement compliance guidelines, protect whistleblowers, and follow the example of Scandinavian countries in promoting transparency and communication between citizens and authorities. He stated that in Germany, there is still a strong aversion towards accusing individuals, which has historical roots. However, he believes that there may be a conversation about implementing legal protections for whistleblowers in the country. | 2 |
Iran is in communication with major powers to resume discussions on its nuclear program, although the US and EU have denied this and are calling on Tehran to demonstrate its willingness to engage in talks. Tensions are rising over Iran's nuclear activities, with some countries alleging it is seeking atomic weapons, a claim Iran denies. The EU is planning to increase sanctions on Iran, including an embargo on its oil exports and potentially freezing the assets of Iran's central bank. Discussions are ongoing on how to protect non-oil trade from these sanctions. Iran has stated that they may block the Strait of Hormuz, which is crucial for one-third of the world's seaborne oil trade, if they are unable to sell their own oil. This has raised concerns about a potential conflict in the Gulf region that could further destabilize the Middle East. Iranian officials have mentioned that U.S. President Barack Obama has shown willingness to engage in negotiations, which could help ease tensions and reduce recent spikes in oil prices. Iranian Foreign Minister Ali Akbar Salehi has mentioned that discussions are ongoing regarding the location and timing of these negotiations, with Istanbul being a likely venue. Washington is not currently engaged in discussions about resuming talks, but is open to the idea if Iran is willing to be transparent about their nuclear program. The White House did not confirm or deny reports about a letter being sent to Tehran. The United States is urging countries to decrease their purchases of Iranian oil in accordance with a new sanctions law signed by Obama on December 31, which aims to limit Tehran's ability to sell crude oil. The State Department's denial was supported by a spokesperson for EU foreign policy chief Catherine Ashton, who represents the six world powers attempting to engage with Iran. According to him, there are no current negotiations for new talks, as they are still waiting for Iran to respond to the proposals made by Ashton in a letter from October. British Foreign Secretary William Hague emphasized that Iran must be prepared for serious negotiations. He noted the importance of Iran offering negotiations while the European Union considers additional sanctions. He emphasized that the suggestion of negotiations alone will not prevent the imposition of sanctions, as actual negotiations are desired. If meaningful negotiations do not occur, peaceful but legitimate pressure will persist, as discussed at a meeting of EU ministers regarding a potential oil embargo on Iran. Iran maintains that its enrichment activities are for peaceful purposes, such as power generation and medical uses, and denies any interest in nuclear weapons. Defence Secretary Leon Panetta stated that the U.S. military is fully prepared to address any threats from Iran regarding the closure of the Strait of Hormuz. Ashton communicated to Iranian negotiator Saeed Jalili that the West is still interested in resuming talks, but Iran must be willing to participate in meaningful discussions about ensuring the peaceful nature of its nuclear program. The Islamic Republic has consistently pushed for talks to focus on broader international security issues rather than its nuclear activities. The last discussions between Iran and the permanent members of the U.N. Security Council, along with Germany, stalled in Istanbul a year ago, with the parties unable to come to an agreement on an agenda. Since then, a U.N. nuclear watchdog report has raised concerns about Iran's potential development of a nuclear weapon, leading to a prolonged stalemate. EU foreign ministers are likely to approve a gradual ban on Iranian oil imports at their upcoming meeting on January 23. This decision comes shortly after the United States implemented a law that would prevent any institution from doing business with Iran's central bank, effectively cutting off most countries' ability to purchase Iranian oil. An EU diplomat mentioned that progress has been made regarding the central bank issue, with widespread agreement on the principle. However, discussions are ongoing regarding the specifics. In response, Iran has expressed willingness to negotiate but has also begun moving uranium enrichment to a secure bunker to protect it from potential air strikes by Israel if diplomatic efforts fail to address Tehran's nuclear program. Western diplomats are stating that Tehran needs to demonstrate a willingness to change its direction in any upcoming discussions. Tehran insists that other nations must respect its right to enrich uranium, a nuclear fuel that can be used for atomic bombs if enriched to higher levels than required for power plants. Russia, a member of the group of six powers that has criticized the new sanctions imposed by the EU and U.S., has warned that the military option proposed by the U.S. and Israel could lead to a disastrous Middle East war. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, speaking during a visit to the Netherlands, reiterated his stance that Iran should not be allowed to acquire nuclear weapons. Israel's Defence Minister Ehud Barak stated that a decision on whether to attack Iran is not imminent. China and Russia both oppose Western efforts to stop Iran from exporting oil. Iran threatened to close the Strait of Hormuz in response to U.S. sanctions signed by Obama, which Iran claims are not based on international law. Iranian politicians mentioned that Obama wrote a letter to Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, acknowledging the threat and offering talks to prevent the closure of the strait. Lawmaker Ali Mottahari stated that the letter from Obama considered the closure of the strait as a 'red line' for the U.S. and requested direct negotiations. | 2 |
According to government data and independent research, the payments that began in July and provided hundreds of dollars a month for most families have been crucial in helping millions of American families cover expenses like food, rent, and child care, as well as keeping children out of poverty and boosting the US economy. However, as the child tax credit expansion comes to an end amid a new wave of coronavirus cases, economists are concerned about the impact on the economy and the potential hardship for families living near the poverty line. For example, Anna Lara, a mother of two in West Virginia, is anxious about the financial challenges that lie ahead. Lara, 32, who lost her job during the pandemic, finds it difficult to imagine going back to life without the extra assistance for parents. Despite her partner keeping his job, the child benefit has been crucial in helping the couple make ends meet during a time of financial strain. Lara emphasized the importance of not worrying in front of children, and the extra cushion provided by the benefit allowed them to worry less. The end of this assistance is just one of many benefits cliffs Americans have faced as pandemic aid programs come to an end, including the Paycheck Protection Program in March. Unemployment benefits were no longer available as of September, and some states ended them even earlier. The federal eviction moratorium expired during the summer. The most recent stimulus payments were distributed to Americans in the spring. In comparison to these programs, the reduction in the child tax credit is minor. The Treasury Department dispersed approximately $80 billion in checks and direct deposits over a six-month period, providing up to $300 per child each month. The child benefit program, unlike many other pandemic relief initiatives, was not meant to be temporary, according to its supporters. It was approved for one year as part of the American Rescue Plan, but many progressives hoped it would continue due to its popularity. However, public opinion on extending the program was divided along party and generational lines. The expanded tax credit did not convince Sen Joe Manchin, whose opinion was crucial, to support President Joe Biden's Build Back Better Act. Manchin expressed concerns about the cost and structure of the program, leading to his opposition. Without his support, the bill cannot move forward in the Senate. Many are disappointed by this outcome, especially supporters of the child benefit program, which has been shown to be successful in reducing child poverty and improving overall economic conditions for recipients. In the spring, Congress expanded the child tax credit by increasing the amount per child to $3,600, paying it in monthly installments, and making the full benefit available to more people who previously did not qualify due to low income. This change, known as "full refundability," is important for alleviating child poverty, especially for minority and single-parent families who were previously unable to receive the full credit. Biden's proposal aimed to make the child tax credit provision permanent, as stated by Megan Curran, director of policy at Columbia's Center on Poverty and Social Policy. The policy has shown success in reducing child poverty and food insufficiency, but it benefits not only low-income families but also couples earning up to $150,000 a year and even wealthier families. Critics of the policy, including Manchin, have argued that providing aid to relatively well-off families does not make sense. Many supporters of the credit are willing to restrict its availability to wealthier households in exchange for keeping it for poorer families. Manchin has also expressed doubts about the wisdom of giving unconditional cash payments and has privately raised concerns about recipients potentially using the money on opioids. However, a survey by the Census Bureau revealed that most recipients used the money for essential items like food and clothing, while some saved or paid off debt. Other surveys have shown similar findings. One of Manchin's constituents, Lara, received her first monthly check last year at a crucial time. Her dishwasher had just broken, and the $550 monthly government assistance she and her family received enabled them to replace it. Lara, who has a 6-year-old daughter and a 3-year-old son and whose partner earns around $40,000 annually, stated that the family had always lived on the verge of financial need - not impoverished, but unable to save enough to handle more than a minor setback. She mentioned that the monthly child benefit allowed them to step back slightly from the brink, enabling her to purchase new shoes and a car seat for her daughter, stock up on laundry detergent during sales, and repair the brakes on her car. “It's incredible that none of the warning lights are illuminated,” she remarked. Some experts have raised concerns about the effectiveness of the policy, especially in the long run. Bruce D Meyer, an economist at the University of Chicago who focuses on poverty, has suggested that while direct cash payments during the peak of the pandemic were necessary, a permanent policy of giving unconditional cash to parents could have unintended negative effects. Meyer and his colleagues recently published a study showing that the child benefit might discourage individuals from working, partly because it removes the work incentives that were previously included in the tax credit. Meyer explained, "Initially, our priority was to provide financial assistance to people - we were concerned about a recession and people's ability to afford groceries." He stated that it is important to consider the long-term impacts, particularly on labor supply. However, studies on the new child benefit have not shown any evidence that it discourages people from working. In fact, some researchers believe it could actually encourage more people to work by making child care more affordable for parents. Samuel Hammond of the Niskanen Center in Washington stated that the child tax credit enables work in the current labor market and has not been proven otherwise. He also believes the child benefit will have broader economic benefits, estimating that it could increase consumer spending by $27 billion nationally and create 500,000 full-time jobs. The largest impact would be seen in rural states with larger families and lower incomes. Some Republican critics, such as Sen. Roy Blunt of Missouri, believe that the expanded child tax credit has led to increased spending and contributed to inflation by providing people with more money to spend during a time when the supply chain is already strained. However, many economists are doubtful that the tax credit has significantly impacted inflation, as it is relatively small compared to the economy and previous rounds of pandemic aid. Joe Brusuelas, chief economist at accounting firm RSM, described the program as noninflationary and focused on essentials rather than luxuries. Despite concerns about inflation, recipients of the benefit argue for its continuation, citing rising prices for groceries, utilities, and gas, which have stretched their budgets even further. She stated that at the moment, both of her vehicles require fuel, and she is unable to fill up the car. However, she mentioned that she has groceries at home and her children can play outside, so everything is fine. | 2 |
Two high-ranking US government officials, Democrat Congresswoman Betty McCollum and ambassador-at-large for global women's issues Melanne Verveer, are scheduled to visit Dhaka on Wednesday to meet with government officials, community leaders, and civil society members involved in women's rights advocacy. Their visit aims to not only promote US policies on women, health, and education, but also to engage with Bangladeshi government officials and non-governmental organizations on various issues such as maternal and child health, access to education for girls, child marriage, gender-based violence, human trafficking, and the role of women in addressing climate change. McCollum, who has been serving in the US Congress for six terms, has recently introduced legislation that recognizes child marriage as a human rights violation and advocates for its elimination as a US foreign policy objective. The legislation also mandates that USAID and the State Department gather and share information on the frequency of child marriage and how it affects important US development objectives. As the director of the Department of State's office on global women's issues, Verveer is responsible for overseeing foreign policy matters and initiatives that promote the political, economic, and social progress of women worldwide. Verveer is scheduled to travel to Nepal on January 6, while McCollum will remain in Bangladesh until January 10, as stated in the media release. | 2 |
In Gwinnett County, Georgia, there were technical delays in four out of 156 precincts. Some voting machines in South Carolina had power issues, while in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, confusion arose due to changes in polling places. In Chandler, Arizona, voters found a polling place closed due to unpaid rent, but it was later reopened. In Houston, a worker was removed from a polling site and faced an assault charge after a racially charged dispute with a voter. Difficulties with voting on election day are a common occurrence, and it may take days or even weeks to understand the extent of the problems. However, the number of calls to voting hotlines run by various advocacy groups has surpassed the amount received during the last midterm election in 2014. The Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, which oversees 20 election call centres, reported receiving 24,000 phone calls by 5 pm on Tuesday, compared to 14,000 at the same time four years ago. Kristen Clarke, president and executive director of the Lawyers’ Committee, highlighted Arizona, Florida, Georgia, and Texas as particularly troublesome states. Any issues encountered this year are likely to unsettle an electorate already on edge following the controversial 2016 election, which has been scrutinized for Russian interference and President Trump’s unsubstantiated claims of widespread voter fraud. Tensions have increased due to a contentious debate over the accessibility of voter registration, early voting, and polling sites for Americans. Experts on elections have noted a decrease in the protection of minority voting rights since the Supreme Court's decision to overturn key provisions of the Voting Rights Act in 1965. Issues have arisen in multiple states, resulting in extended hours at polling locations. In response to complaints from civil rights organizations, a judge in Texas ordered nine polling locations in Harris County to stay open an additional hour. A coalition of groups in Maricopa County, Arizona, was also seeking similar accommodations. A judge in Georgia kept multiple locations in Gwinnett County open, including Annistown Elementary School, for voting to continue for over two hours. Some precincts in Fulton County, which includes parts of Atlanta, were also open for several hours. One of the precincts, Forbes Arena, had a rally last Friday with Stacey Abrams and Barack Obama. The election system in Georgia was a major issue during the campaign between Abrams, who aimed to be the first African-American woman governor, and her Republican opponent Brian Kemp, who is also the secretary of state. Abrams and her supporters accused Kemp of attempting to suppress votes through strict interpretations of state laws and procedures. Kemp contended that his goal was to prevent cheating and dismissed claims of voter suppression as unfounded. While some polling places in Georgia experienced long lines, others had a smooth voting process. Kemp stated that everything was running normally and that there were no unusual issues. However, some voters in Georgia faced challenges, such as long wait times and voting machine problems at Annistown Elementary School in Gwinnett County. One voter, Ontaria Woods, mentioned that it took her nearly five hours to cast her vote. Poll workers informed people waiting in line after 30 to 45 minutes about a problem with the ExpressPoll voting machines. Many people were not surprised and there were concerns of voter suppression. Some voters refused provisional ballots out of fear they would not be counted, and a few went to Walmart to buy food and water. The machines were repaired around 11 am, and Woods was able to vote about 45 minutes later, making her late for work. Gwinnett, a diverse area near Atlanta, has traditionally been a Republican stronghold, but Hillary Clinton won the county in 2016. A representative of the county government, Joe Sorenson, mentioned that four precincts in Georgia had problems with the system that generates voter access cards for the electronic polling system. A judge extended the voting hours at multiple locations, with one staying open until 9:25 pm instead of the original 7 pm closing time. Bradford Berry, the general counsel of the National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People, emphasized the importance of ensuring that voting machines in Georgia are not malfunctioning in certain areas over others. While county election officials were held responsible for some of the issues in Georgia, a spokesperson for Abrams' campaign, Abigail Collazo, blamed Kemp for the problems. In Arizona, voting-rights monitors reported significant delays at some polling sites due to ballot printing issues. The issues were primarily focused on Maricopa County, the most populous county in the state, where a transition from local polling places to regional voting centers created chaos two years ago. Common Cause reported that voters at the regional centers faced difficulties such as being turned away or experiencing long waits due to malfunctioning printers that were supposed to produce ballots specific to their home precincts. According to Clarke, these problems in Maricopa County were some of the most significant seen that day, particularly affecting a large number of minority voters. In four of the affected voting centers, minority voters - including Latinos, African-Americans, and Native Americans - outnumbered white voters by a significant margin. In contrast, South Carolina had limited issues with malfunctioning voting machines, according to a spokesperson for the State Election Commission. "The issues were caused by human error in preparing the system and were mostly resolved this morning," said spokesperson Chris Whitmire in an email. The Justice Department sent election monitors to 35 jurisdictions in 19 states, but Attorney General Jeff Sessions' focus on fraud as well as civil rights raised concerns among Democrats. Common Cause President Karen Flynn remarked on the current political climate, expressing worries about the lack of cooperation from the Department of Justice, the absence of protections from the Voting Rights Act, and the intimidating messages coming from the president. In El Paso, Texas, the Border and Customs Protection agency cancelled an exercise near the Mexico border after complaints of voter intimidation from civil rights groups and Democratic leaders. The exercise was planned near a heavily Latino neighborhood and polling station. Nina Perales, the legal director of the Mexican American Legal Defence and Educational Fund, described the situation as being clumsy and lacking sensitivity at the least, and possibly more serious. Not all issues turned out to be as malicious as some had feared. A video that went viral from a polling site in Columbus, Ohio, showed a voter selecting the Republican candidate for governor, Mike DeWine, on an electronic ballot. However, the paper record in the video displayed a vote for DeWine's Democratic opponent, Richard Cordray. The individual who shared the video on Facebook claimed that it demonstrated a tampered machine. According to Aaron Sellers, a spokesperson for the Franklin County Board of Elections, the machine in question had a paper jam which caused a previous voter's paper record to print. The voter was able to recast her ballot on a working machine. The incident was widely shared on Twitter, especially by users associated with the QAnon conspiracy theory. | 2 |
The foreign ministry stated that this decision will lead to a "greater well-being of the people in the area". Mahmud made these remarks at the opening of the 'Water Innovation Summit 2015' in New Delhi, which was organized by the Confederation of Indian Industries and the Water Institute of India. He emphasized the importance of water in terms of security and sustainable human development. Both Bangladesh and India experience an abundance of water during the monsoon season and scarcity during the dry season. Mahmud believes that by taking an integrated approach to managing water resources in the entire basin, the region will be able to fully utilize its water potential. The water resources minister emphasized the importance of building a barrage in the Ganges within Bangladesh's territory to ensure a steady supply of fresh water in the southern regions and to address the impacts of climate change. He urged for the timely approval of the Teesta water-sharing agreement, stating that resolving water-related issues would contribute to development and stability in the area. Additionally, he met with Indian Minister Uma Bharati on Monday, as confirmed by the foreign ministry. Bharati reassured that India would not undertake any river interlinking projects that could negatively impact Bangladesh, and she agreed to participate in the upcoming JRC meeting in Bangladesh. | 2 |
Zimbabwean police arrested opposition leader Morgan Tsvangirai for the second time in a week after preventing him from attending a campaign rally for the upcoming presidential run-off vote on June 27. The Movement for Democratic Change, the opposition party, claims that President Robert Mugabe is trying to hinder Tsvangirai's campaign to maintain his hold on power. Tsvangirai was released from police custody in Esigodini, located 40 km southeast of Bulawayo, a few hours after being stopped at a roadblock. The party criticized his detention as a desperate and shameful act, urging the regime to allow Tsvangirai to fulfill his mandate to restore the people of Zimbabwe's dignity. The police have prohibited several planned campaign rallies due to concerns about the safety of party leaders. The opposition party has stated that they will take legal action in the High Court to prevent police interference in the campaign. Police spokesperson Wayne Bvudzijena accused the MDC of causing an incident on Friday by crashing through a roadblock. Tsvangirai, who defeated Mugabe in a March 29 election but did not secure enough votes to avoid a second ballot, was detained and questioned by police for eight hours on Wednesday. On Thursday, police detained five U.S. and two British diplomats after they visited victims of political violence. Relief agencies have also been barred from operating in Zimbabwe, which is facing economic hardship. U.S. Ambassador James McGee, who was detained on Thursday, accused the government of using food aid to gain votes. He stated that the regime is desperate to stay in power and will resort to anything. Washington has placed the blame for the diplomats' detention on Mugabe's government. The United States and Britain believe that Zimbabwe is attempting to intimidate Tsvangirai's followers. The French foreign ministry expressed deep concern over the intimidation and violence occurring in Zimbabwe. The opposition claims that 65 people have died in violence since the initial round of voting. Mugabe is pointing fingers at his opponents for the unrest. In response to allegations of opposition support, Mugabe's government halted the operations of international aid organizations in Zimbabwe. Britain and the European Union have called for the ban to be lifted. U.N. officials expressed concern that the suspension of aid would lead to increased suffering, while CARE warned that millions of aid-dependent Zimbabweans were now at risk. EU aid commissioner Louis Michel lamented the uncertain future facing hundreds of thousands of people who rely on aid from the European Commission and other organizations for survival. Zimbabwe, once a prosperous country, has experienced a decline in food production since 2000 due to the government's land redistribution program, resulting in chronic food shortages and reliance on handouts and imports. Mugabe attributes the downfall of the previously thriving economy to sanctions imposed by Western nations. The opposition, on the other hand, accuses him of destroying Zimbabwe due to poor leadership. The Southern African Development Community, which consists of 14 nations including Zimbabwe, is dispatching observers to oversee the upcoming run-off election. | 2 |
Bennett had a meeting later in the afternoon with King Hamad bin Isa al-Khalifa, the head of state in Bahrain, as well as Vice Admiral Brad Cooper, the commander of the US Navy’s Fifth Fleet based in Bahrain, several Bahraini ministers, and members of Bahrain’s Jewish community. During the meeting with the crown prince, Bennett expressed a desire to shift the focus of the visit from government-to-government to people-to-people peace, emphasizing the importance of substance over ceremonies. Prince Salman agreed, likening the meeting to "cousins getting together." The Israeli government also announced a partnership with Bahrain to fund joint business projects in climate-related technology, manufacturing, and e-commerce. Bennett's visit to Bahrain, the first by an Israeli prime minister, highlighted the strengthening relationships between Israel and various Arab governments over the past 18 months, including establishing diplomatic ties with Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, and improving relations with Morocco and Sudan. For years, the majority of Arab countries refused to normalize relations with Israel due to the unresolved Israeli-Palestinian conflict. However, priorities have shifted in some countries, as seen by Bennett's warm welcome in Bahrain, where containing Iran now takes precedence over resolving the conflict. Bahrain will now host an Israeli military officer as part of a regional alliance to protect navigation and trade in the Persian Gulf from Iran's aggression. Bahrain's invitation to Bennett also suggested a growing acceptance of Israel's role in the region by Saudi Arabia, the most influential state in the Arab world and a significant rival of Iran. Despite official denials from Saudi officials that the kingdom plans to normalize ties with Israel, support from Saudi Arabia is essential for Bahrain, as Saudi troops assisted Bahrain in suppressing an uprising in 2011 and bailed out the Bahraini economy in 2018. Analysts believe that Bahrain, acting as a Saudi proxy, typically does not make major decisions without Saudi agreement, viewing Saudi Arabia as a supportive big brother in times of need. Abdulla stated that there is more cooperation among Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and other Gulf States than many people realize. Prominent Saudis have expressed support for Israel and criticized Palestinian leadership, which was previously unheard of. In 2018, Prince Mohammed made headlines by asserting the rights of Israelis to their own land. Two years later, Saudi prince Bandar bin Sultan criticized Palestinian leaders for not helping ordinary Palestinians. Saudi movie theaters are currently showing a film featuring Israeli actress Gal Gadot, who faced criticism in the Arab world for supporting Israeli military actions in Gaza. Relations are improving between Israel and the two Arab countries it had previously made peace with, Egypt and Jordan. President Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi of Egypt greeted an Israeli government minister in front of other Arab dignitaries, signaling closer ties between the governments. However, public sentiment in the Arab world does not seem to be as supportive of the recent diplomatic progress, with polling indicating that a majority of Arabs do not back the thaw with Israel. In Bahrain, where dissent is restricted, there were protests against the Bahraini government and Israel, as shown in photos and videos circulated on social media. International human rights organizations have criticized Bahrain for lacking a free press and having judges appointed by the ruling royal family. The Khalifa family, a Sunni Muslim dynasty in power since 1783, governs over a predominantly Shia population that claims to face discrimination. Exiled Bahraini activists expressed disappointment over a visit by Bennett on the anniversary of the 2011 uprising, accusing it of betraying the Palestinian cause and supporting Israel's actions. Alwadaei, from the Bahrain Institute for Rights and Democracy, called the visit a disrespectful gesture towards Bahrain's history of standing up against authoritarianism. | 2 |
Greenpeace has called on European Union and African leaders who met in Lisbon to take immediate action to prevent the destruction of African forests, which leads to carbon emissions that contribute to climate change. Stephan Van Praet, coordinator for the Greenpeace International Africa Forest Campaign, emphasized the importance of halting deforestation in Africa to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. The United Nations states that deforestation is responsible for approximately 25 percent of man-made carbon dioxide emissions, equivalent to the amount produced by the United States. Urgent measures need to be taken to address this issue. Greenpeace activists displayed a banner in Lisbon's Vasco da Gama tower urging to "Save the Climate-Save African forests." Stephan Van Praet stated that Greenpeace will continue their campaign in Lisbon over the weekend. He emphasized the importance of Europe implementing legislation to prevent illegal timber from entering its market, in order to enhance the continent's credibility in the battle against climate change and forest destruction. Van Praet highlighted the significance of Europe taking responsibility in the international market by starting at home. The EU aims to reduce emissions to 20 percent below 1990 levels by 2020 to address the impacts of climate change such as heatwaves, disease, rising seas, and droughts. | 2 |
He plans to rejoin the Iran nuclear deal if Iran agrees to comply with its limits. Additionally, he intends to extend the nuclear arms treaty with Russia for another five years and strengthen US commitments to NATO after threats of withdrawal from President Trump. Biden also vows to hold Russia accountable for election interference and disruptions, but his main goal is to move away from the "America First" mentality and work with allies to combat global issues like the pandemic, which has resulted in over 1.2 million deaths worldwide. Biden criticized Trump's handling of the pandemic, stating that the US, with only 4% of the world's population, has accounted for 20% of the deaths. Another reason why American leadership is losing respect is due to Trump's support of autocrats and disregard for democratic allies. It is more challenging to actually implement a return to a globalist approach after four years of isolationism and during a pandemic that has strengthened nationalist tendencies. The world has changed significantly since Biden was last involved in global affairs, with power shifts favoring China, democracies retreating, and new rivalries emerging in the race for a vaccine. Foreign allies may find Biden comforting, but they still have concerns about the United States reverting to isolationist policies. Biden's advisers are beginning to outline a plan to reverse Trump's efforts to retreat from global engagement, acknowledging the importance of US leadership in the world. Blinken, Biden's national security adviser, emphasized the need for the US to resume its role in organizing global affairs, highlighting the dangers of leaving a vacuum that can be filled by negative events. While some may hope for a complete reset to before Trump's presidency, it is unlikely to happen. Biden is expected to take gradual steps to rebuild US power, starting with rejoining the Paris climate accord. Richard N. Haass, president of the Council on Foreign Relations and a close friend of Biden's, expressed that Biden will have a lot of freedom in his role but will also face some limitations. Haass mentioned that Biden can easily reverse Trump's executive orders with his own, but any actions requiring Senate approval or the use of force without a clear reason will be difficult. Despite being 77 years old, Biden has a vision to move away from the "America First" policy and instead focus on the strength and courage that led to victories in past wars. However, Biden was not questioned during his campaign about how the current superpower competition differs from his earlier political career. He also did not clearly state what consequences he had in mind for President Putin of Russia, although one of his foreign policy advisers, Jake Sullivan, provided some insight. Shortly before Election Day, he stated that Biden was prepared to impose severe consequences on those responsible for Russian interference, such as financial sanctions, asset freezes, counter cyberattacks, and potentially exposing corruption by foreign leaders. This would represent a toughening of US policy, similar to what was considered but not carried out during the Obama administration. The shift in approach towards Russia is indicative of the extensive planning undertaken by Biden's transition team to reverse Trump's foreign policy stance. The team consists of experienced advisers from the Obama administration, with plans in place for negotiations, treaty reentry, and early summit meetings. Officials say that the most clear example of the breaks from the Obama administration's strategy will be seen in the reevaluation of the China strategy. Biden and his national security team underestimated how quickly President Xi Jinping of China would crack down on dissent and challenge US influence using 5G networks and the Belt and Road Initiative. According to Kurt Campbell and Ely Ratner, diplomatic and commercial engagement with China has not led to political and economic openness as predicted. Beijing continues to challenge the US-led system despite US military power and regional balancing efforts. China is a key area where Biden's longstanding beliefs will be tested. Despite criticism from former defense secretary Robert Gates for his views on foreign policy, including Afghanistan, Biden's stance on minimal military involvement in Afghanistan has now become a political advantage for him. Trump's attempt to paint Biden as a supporter of "endless wars" was unsuccessful. According to Sullivan, Biden's goal is to shift the U.S. presence in Afghanistan towards a counterterrorism focus to prevent al-Qaida or the Islamic State from establishing a base there. This approach would be limited and targeted, reflecting Biden's stance in 2009 and currently. Unlike previous Democrats, Biden is not dismissive of the Russian threat and is not interested in a reset with Moscow. He has acknowledged that Russia preferred Trump in the 2016 election and portrays himself as a tough opponent to Putin. Democrats have now become more hawkish towards Russia due to their disappointment in Trump's handling of the situation. During the campaign, Biden criticized Trump for getting too close to dictators and promised to take a tough stance on Russia if elected. As president, he will need to address Russia's large arsenal of nuclear weapons, including deployed and tactical ones that have been increasing even before Trump withdrew from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty. To reverse this trend, Biden's administration plans to first extend the New START treaty for five years, as it is set to expire shortly after inauguration. They also aim to broaden the treaty to cover more weapons and potentially involve more countries. And he would exploit Putin's increasing economic vulnerability. Blinken stated, "We will deter, and impose costs for, Mr. Putin’s meddling and aggression," but also noted that Putin is seeking to reduce Russia's reliance on China, putting him in an uncomfortable position. This suggests that the Biden administration may attempt to capitalize on the distrust between Moscow and Beijing to divide the two superpowers, similar to how President Richard Nixon used it to establish relations with China. On the topic of Iran, Biden expressed frustration in 2010 when news of a classified cyberweapon operation to disrupt Iran's nuclear program was on the verge of being exposed. A decade later, it seems that the Israeli's actions to undermine the Iranian nuclear program marked the beginning of a new era of conflict, in which Biden played a significant role. Biden supported the covert operation as a means to hinder Iran's advancements without provoking war in the region. He later stated that he believed the covert program played a role in bringing Iran to the negotiating table for the Iran nuclear deal five years later. At a NATO leaders meeting in Watford, England on Dec. 4, 2019, Britain's Prime Minister Boris Johnson addressed the attendees. President-elect Joe Biden wants to strengthen American commitments to NATO. Biden's initial approach with Iran involves reinstating the nuclear deal if Iran's supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, agrees to adhere to the production limits set in 2015. However, the Iranians have suggested that there will be repercussions for Trump's violation of the deal. Additionally, key restrictions on Iran, such as the expiration of the arms embargo in October, may lead to increased sales from Russia and China. In the near future, a new Iranian president will take office, and it is uncertain how this will impact potential negotiations. British Prime Minister Boris Johnson recently spoke at a NATO leaders meeting, where President-elect Joe Biden expressed his desire to strengthen American commitments to NATO. Biden's team believes that rejoining the deal that Trump withdrew from would put pressure back on Tehran. Secretary of State nominee Blinken stated that if Iran refuses to comply, the US will have stronger support from allies who blame Trump for the crisis. In 2012, Biden welcomed Xi to Washington and praised him as a reformer, but by this year he had changed his opinion and referred to him as a "thug." Biden criticized Trump for his handling of the trade war with China, arguing that American taxpayers ultimately bore the cost of the tariffs through government subsidies. Biden has not discussed his plans for confronting these challenges. He may need to address issues related to agricultural goods and intellectual property theft by China, as well as manage technological advances by companies like Huawei and TikTok. Biden has hinted that he may continue some of Trump's policies, but with a more diplomatic approach to engage allies. He expressed concerns about Chinese data collection and vowed to thoroughly investigate these matters if elected president. I will bring in cyber experts to help me find the best solution for dealing with the issue. Biden is adamant about placing values at the core of foreign policy, particularly in regards to the US-China relationship. This stance echoes Bill Clinton's promise in 1992 to confront China. This likely involves holding China accountable for crackdowns on dissent under Xi's leadership, such as the detention camps in Xinjiang, arrests of dissidents in Hong Kong, and expulsion of foreign journalists who provided independent reporting in China. | 2 |
The destroyed houses of Devi and her neighbors in Haat village are scattered among construction waste from a nearby hydroelectric power plant. A Hindu temple between the village and the plant is also surrounded by debris. Devi expressed frustration with the situation, questioning the development that takes away homes from the poor to provide electricity to others. Over 240 households in the village lost their homes during the construction of the 444-megawatt hydropower project on the Alaknanda river. The power plant being financed by the World Bank is just one of many hydroelectric projects underway or already in operation in India's Himalayan states, with the goal of reducing the country's carbon emissions. The government believes that hydropower, along with solar and wind energy, is essential for India to achieve its target of obtaining half of its energy from non-fossil fuel sources by 2030. Proponents of hydropower point out that it generates large amounts of clean electricity and can be quickly scaled up when solar and wind projects, which rely on weather conditions, are unable to meet demand. However, critics, including environmental groups and communities impacted by hydroelectric projects, argue that the significant environmental and social costs associated with such projects are difficult to justify. For example, Devi, a 63-year-old resident, recounted how officials from the government-owned Tehri Hydro Development Corporation forcibly acquired land from locals, with those who refused being forcibly removed and detained at a police station while their homes were demolished. Devi, a homemaker living in a nearby village, mentioned that those who had agreed to sell their homes were compensated with 1 million Indian rupees each. Sandeep Gupta, the assistant general manager of the THDC project, stated that the residents of Haat willingly resettled themselves and were fairly compensated. He also mentioned that the project was being monitored by government agencies to ensure there was no environmental damage, and so far, no adverse impact had been reported. According to a report by the International Energy Agency in June 2021, hydropower was described as the "forgotten giant of clean electricity" and countries were encouraged to include it in their energy mix to achieve net-zero emissions. India currently has 46 gigawatts of installed hydropower capacity, which is only a third of its potential generation capacity based on government figures. In 2019, the government officially designated hydroelectric projects over 25 MW as a renewable energy source to increase capacity. Previously, only smaller hydropower plants were considered renewable. Arun Kumar, a professor at the Indian Institute of Technology-Roorkee specializing in hydropower and renewable energy, emphasized that expanding India's hydropower sector has benefits beyond generating electricity. He highlighted that hydroelectric dams can also provide a reliable water supply for various purposes and bring development to nearby areas, including attracting tourists, creating jobs, and improving infrastructure. Kumar, who is a board member of the International Hydropower Association based in London, believes that such projects can enhance the quality of life in underdeveloped regions. Himanshu Thakkar, coordinator of the South Asia Network on Dams, Rivers and People, argued that investing in more hydropower plants is not financially viable in India, as solar and wind projects offer cheaper clean energy alternatives. Thakkar pointed out that the cost of installing 1 MW of hydroelectric capacity in India is over 100 million rupees, which is double the cost of solar or wind-based capacity. He believes that corruption and weak regulation are the main reasons why Indian authorities prioritize hydropower. Thakkar also expressed concerns about the lack of regulatory oversight, which could lead to inflated costs. Despite hydropower being considered a green energy source, some environmentalists believe it causes more harm than good. According to experts, hydro projects can have negative impacts on nearby communities by clearing forests, diverting rivers, and disrupting groundwater recharge. This makes these communities more vulnerable to extreme weather events. S.P. Sati, an environmental science professor, highlighted the devastating floods in Uttarakhand in 2013 that killed around 6,000 people. A committee appointed by India's Supreme Court found that hydroelectric projects had worsened the flood damage by causing rushing water to carry debris downstream, burying low-lying areas. The committee also warned that construction activities like digging and explosives use could trigger landslides or slope failure. Sati expressed concern that ignoring the sensitivity, fragility, and carrying capacity of the terrain could lead to significant disasters with hydropower. The village head, Rajendra Prasad Hatwal, stated that residents would continue to protest and lobby the local government until the hydropower developers stopped using their land as a dumping site and adequately compensated displaced families. He questioned India's heavy reliance on hydropower, citing examples of other countries like the United States, Brazil, and China that have faced disruptions in hydropower generation due to climate change-driven droughts. Hatwal also raised concerns about the clearing of thousands of trees for the power plant, questioning the contradiction with efforts to save forests to combat climate change. He described the situation as confusing and frustrating. | 2 |
In the midterm elections, Democrats gained control of the US House of Representatives from Trump's Republicans, which is viewed as a reflection on his presidency thus far. This shift in power allows the opposition party to obstruct Trump's domestic plans and increase investigations into his business dealings and potential connections with Russia. However, Trump's influence on foreign policy remains strong, and Democrats are unlikely to significantly impact major issues such as trade with China and relations with Iran. The president's executive powers, particularly in foreign affairs, remain unchanged. Norbert Roettgen, head of the foreign affairs committee in the German Bundestag, emphasized this point in an interview with Deutschlandfunk radio. Peter Trubowitz, director of the United States Centre at the London School of Economics, warned that Trump's potential loss in the House could lead to increased polarization and aggression, similar to what was seen during his campaign. Trubowitz suggested that Trump may focus more on China, Iran, and the Mexican border, and may increase his involvement in foreign policy leading up to the 2020 election. Trump's actions during his first two years in office caused concern among traditional US allies, as he withdrew from the Iran nuclear deal and the Paris climate accord, criticized allies for trade surpluses and lack of defense spending, and cultivated relationships with authoritarian leaders in North Korea, Saudi Arabia, and Russia. Even though few European politicians openly expressed it, there was a hope in Berlin, Paris, and Brussels that American voters would strongly reject Trump's Republicans in the midterms, prompting a change in direction and raising hopes for a change in leadership in 2020. Some European politicians celebrated the Democratic victories in the House as evidence of a shift. Frans Timmermans, the first vice president of the European Commission, stated that Americans had opted for "hope over fear, civility over rudeness, inclusion over racism." However, the results did not meet the expectations of a significant "blue wave" as some had anticipated. Republicans were successful in expanding their majority in the Senate, which traditionally has a significant impact on foreign policy. In several prominent House, Senate, and governor races in states like Iowa, Florida, Georgia, and Texas, Republicans closely aligned with Trump were victorious. Roettgen interpreted this as a normalization of Trump and validation that his takeover of the Republican Party has been successful. One area where Democrats may challenge Trump is on Saudi Arabia, following the killing of journalist Jamal Khashoggi. There is growing backlash in Congress and threats to block arms sales. A heightened focus on Russia's alleged interference in the 2016 election could limit Trump's ability to cooperate with President Vladimir Putin. House Democrats may also push for more sanctions against Moscow, potentially targeting European companies involved in the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline. During a conference call with reporters, Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov expressed doubt about the possibility of improving Russian-American relations in the near future. Despite trade being an area where presidents can make decisions without congressional approval, European diplomats and analysts anticipate that President Trump will continue to escalate conflicts with China due to domestic issues. Additionally, there is a growing concern that Trump may impose tariffs on car imports from Germany and confront Europe on trade issues. However, a visit by European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker to the White House in June led to a temporary truce. Last month, US Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross accused the EU of delaying progress on trade and stated that Trump's patience had its limits. Jeremy Shapiro, a former State Department official and research director at the European Council on Foreign Relations, believes that Trump is convinced that the EU, particularly Germany, is exploiting the US. Shapiro anticipates that if Trump faces domestic political challenges, he will seek out new conflicts. | 2 |
Rainfall provided some relief to a few areas in the hot US Midwest on Wednesday, however, the majority of the region is still suffering from the worst drought in fifty years. This is having a negative impact on world food supplies and prices, as stated by the US Agriculture Department. Food prices are expected to rise faster than other consumer costs through 2013 due to the drought destroying crops and reducing supplies. USDA economist Richard Volpe warned that the drought will significantly impact food prices in the coming year, as it is already affecting corn and soybean prices. The USDA predicts food prices will increase by 2.5-3.5 percent in 2012 and a further 3-4 percent in 2013. According to the USDA, food prices are expected to increase at a faster rate than overall U.S. inflation, marking a change from the usual trend. Inflation in the U.S. is projected to be 2 percent this year and 1.9 percent in 2013. While food inflation was 3.7 percent last year, it was only 0.8 percent in 2010. Additionally, the USDA announced on Wednesday that 76 more counties have been added to the list of areas eligible for disaster aid, bringing the total to 1,369 counties in 31 states. The agency also reported that two-thirds of the United States is currently experiencing mild or extreme drought conditions. Forecasters predict that the northern Corn Belt, stretching from eastern Nebraska to northern Illinois, may experience a second day of scattered rain after a period of hot, dry weather. However, the southern Midwest, including Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio, is expected to continue facing hot, dry conditions. According to National Weather Service meteorologist Jim Keeney, areas from Kansas to Ohio are in need of at least 10 inches of rain to alleviate the drought, but the upcoming front is not likely to bring more than 1/2 to 1 inch of precipitation. Keeney emphasized that this rain will not be enough to significantly impact the drought conditions in these regions. The Midwest experienced high temperatures above 100 degrees Fahrenheit on Wednesday, particularly in the central and southern regions, with St. Louis reaching 101 F. Meteorologist Andy Karst from World Weather Inc. noted that the drought pattern remains unchanged, with thunderstorms moving around but no significant rainfall expected until August 8. Following a decrease from last week's record highs, grain markets at the Chicago Board of Trade saw an increase in prices. As of Wednesday, September delivery corn closed at $7.94-1/2 a bushel, up 4-1/2 cents from the previous week's high of $8.28-3/4. Meanwhile, August soybeans closed at $16.94-1/4, up 45 cents from the record high of $17.77-3/4, and September wheat closed at $9.03-1/4, up 24-1/2 cents from last week's 4-year high of $9.47-1/4. Markets worldwide are worried about the impact of high prices on local food costs, potential scarcity of food aid for countries like China and Egypt, and the possibility of food riots. The United States, a major exporter of corn, soybeans, and wheat, is facing significant losses in its corn crop due to the drought. Soybeans, which were planted later, are also at risk but may be saved by forecasted rain. A recent Reuters poll suggests that US corn yields could hit a 10-year low, leading to the lowest harvest in six years. Extensive damage in Corn Belt states has been evident in the declining weekly crop reports. Senior editor Bryce Knorr from Farm Futures Magazine noted that if current conditions persist, the losses seen in Monday's crop ratings could rival those of the 1988 drought. Weather has already reduced the corn crop by nearly 4 billion bushels, necessitating further demand rationing. In Putnam County, Indiana, crop scouts didn't bother inspecting corn fields this week as it was apparent that farmers would opt to plow their crops under rather than attempt to harvest anything. Meanwhile, scouts in central Illinois reported on Wednesday that some corn fields were actually better than expected due to early planting and pollination following a warm winter and spring. Tom Womack from the Tennessee Department of Agriculture mentioned that recent rains had improved soybean prospects, but he emphasized that the damage to the corn crop was irreversible. Ohio Governor John Kasich issued an order permitting farmers to harvest hay for their livestock from grass along highways near their land. Fire risks were increasing in some parts of the Plains, with firefighters and the National Guard working to contain wildfires that have burned over 60,000 acres in three north-central Nebraska counties over the past week. Helicopters dropped water on wildfires caused by lightning in the Niobrara River Valley on Wednesday. Governor Dave Heineman of Nebraska stated that progress is being made but continued support is necessary. In Missouri, one of the driest states in the nation, smoke from fires was creating hazardous driving conditions. Discarded cigarettes were blamed for some of the fires. Throughout the Midwest, water use for gardens and lawns was restricted, and efforts were made to save trees with drip bags. Reservoir and river levels are currently low and are being closely monitored, leading to restrictions on barge movements along the Mississippi River and recreational boating. The U.S. drought is attributed to the El Nino phenomenon in the western Pacific Ocean, which warms sea temperatures and disrupts global atmosphere, preventing moisture from reaching the U.S. Midwest breadbasket. Some scientists are warning that this year's drought, considered the worst since 1956, is linked to climate factors that could have more severe consequences in the future. The Midwest has experienced an increase in dangerously hot summer days over the past 60 years, and the region can expect more extreme weather as the climate continues to warm, according to a report from the Union of Concerned Scientists (USC). The report examined weather patterns in several cities including Chicago, Cincinnati, Detroit, Minneapolis, and St. Louis, as well as smaller cities like Peoria, Illinois, and Toledo, Ohio. It discovered that the frequency of hot, humid days has risen on average in the Midwest since the 1940s and 1950s, with hot, dry days becoming even hotter. Cooling off from the heat has become more challenging as all cities now experience fewer cool, dry days in the summer and higher nighttime temperatures. Steve Frenkel, director of UCS's Midwest office, noted that high nighttime temperatures increase the risks of heat-related illnesses and deaths, especially for those without air conditioning who rely on cooler nights for relief. The report stated that in July 1995, over 700 deaths in Chicago were linked to a heat wave. It also projected that with increasingly severe summer heat, the number of annual deaths in Chicago is expected to increase from 143 between 2020-2029 to 300 between 2090-2099. | 2 |
Duflo, a French-American, has become the second female economics winner in the 50-year history of the prize. At 46, she is also the youngest winner. She shared the award with Banerjee and Kremer, both of the United States. According to the Academy, the trio's work has demonstrated how poverty can be addressed by breaking it down into smaller, more precise questions in areas like education and healthcare, which makes it easier to tackle. The Academy stated that as a result of their research, over five million Indian children have benefited from effective remedial tutoring programs in schools, and many countries have implemented heavy subsidies for preventive healthcare. The Nobel Economics Prize, worth 9 million Swedish crowns, was established in 1969 by the Swedish central bank as an addition to the five awards created in Alfred Nobel's will. It is the last award to be announced, following the winners of the prizes for medicine, physics, chemistry, literature, and peace. In 2018, the prize was jointly awarded to U.S. economists William Nordhaus and Paul Romer, who are known for adapting the western economic growth model to focus on environmental issues and technology benefits. Nordhaus' recognition has been met with controversy, as critics believe his model underestimated the risks of climate change. | 2 |
Russian President Vladimir Putin introduced a new government on Monday that is filled with loyalists, further solidifying his control over the economy and national security following protests. Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev's ability to implement market reforms has been limited as a result. Putin, 59, has chosen to maintain continuity by keeping Igor Shuvalov as first deputy prime minister in charge of economic policy and Igor Sechin as his energy chief. While Putin announced several new cabinet appointments, he has kept many familiar faces in key positions, showing little interest in making significant policy changes at the beginning of his six-year presidential term. Putin has strengthened his control over the "power" ministries by appointing Moscow police chief Vladimir Kolokoltsev as interior minister, demonstrating his trust in a man who has used force against protesters calling for Putin's resignation. In terms of international and military affairs, Putin has maintained Sergei Lavrov as Foreign Minister, Anatoly Serdyukov as Defense Minister, and Dmitry Rogozin as Deputy Prime Minister overseeing the defense industry. Putin addressed the new cabinet during a Kremlin meeting, expressing the challenges of the current global economic situation and emphasizing the importance of implementing privatization and reducing dependence on oil and gas exports. He also acknowledged the recent protests against his extended term in office and dismissed calls for political reforms, signaling his intention to maintain central control over Russia. Opposition leader Boris Nemtsov told Reuters that a man who disrupts peaceful meetings with cudgels is following the logic of modern Putinism. Despite Prime Minister Medvedev's plans for pro-growth policies and privatization, concerns arose over factional divisions between the ruling 'tandem' as they switched jobs last September. Alfa Bank in Moscow noted that the new cabinet is more likely to prioritize budget stability over a pro-market agenda. The authors believe that the new cabinet represents an attempt to balance power between the president and prime minister, which could hinder the ability to implement a cohesive economic agenda. The cabinet includes some new members who were part of a group of young market liberals in Medvedev's administration, but who were unable to enact significant reforms during his presidency. One of these new members, Arkady Dvorkovich, has been appointed as one of six deputy prime ministers, with a focus on energy and industry policy, areas in which he had limited influence in his previous role as economic adviser. The energy minister position went to Alexander Novak, a former deputy finance minister, suggesting that Sechin will continue to control Russia's oil and gas sector despite leaving the government. Another former Medvedev aide, Mikhail Abyzov, was named coordinator of an "open government" forum, which has so far produced more discussion than action. Putin, who relinquished his role as president in 2008 due to constitutional restrictions, has expanded his control over economic policy by appointing individuals who align with his vision of state-led development to key positions such as finance and economy ministers. Anton Siluanov, a career bureaucrat, remains as finance minister, while Andrei Belousov, a pro-Putin economist, has been promoted to economy minister. Former Finance Minister Alexei Kudrin, who was removed from his position in a power struggle with Medvedev, criticized the new government as lacking innovation and expressed skepticism about its ability to address the challenges facing Russia. According to analysts, it is expected that the cabinet will not have independence and decisions will be influenced by the Kremlin team led by Putin. The balance of power in decision-making is likely to shift towards the presidential administration, with little appetite shown for structural reforms. Despite a 4.9 percent growth in Russia's economy in the first quarter, it was largely due to pre-election spending, raising concerns about the country's budget balancing in the future. The head of Russia's largest bank, Sberbank, warned of the potential consequences of relying too heavily on oil revenue. The only choice the government has is to create a positive environment for investment and economic growth. Gref's bank is the top state asset scheduled for privatization, but the planned sale of a 7.6 percent stake has been delayed multiple times. Shuvalov recently stopped a sale due to poor market conditions, which have worsened, reducing the stake's value to $4.3 billion. The English-speaking lawyer is one of the few officials able to mediate between market liberals and those with a security services background, like Putin. "Shuvalov has supported privatization in the past," said Peter Westin, chief economist at Moscow brokerage Aton. The decision to proceed and the rate at which it progresses hinges on the price of oil. | 2 |
The sound of power tools fills the air as a group of workers hurries to ensure that Europe's largest city-centre shopping mall opens on time. However, marketing executives believe that the crisis in global financial markets has caused consumers to reject conspicuous consumption. The $3 billion Westfield centre in West London will emphasize luxury when it opens, with stores like Louis Vuitton, Prada, Tiffany, and Gucci. Managing Director Michael Gutman insists that the mall also has a mass-market appeal, despite the focus on luxury brands. Other retailers are shifting away from using the term "luxury" in their marketing, instead emphasizing shopping as a way to relax and spend time with loved ones. With credit becoming more difficult to access, mortgage expenses increasing, and joblessness on the rise in the United States, Europe, and Japan, simply relying on clever advertising may not be sufficient to convince those who still have the means to spend their money. Rory Sutherland, vice-chairman at advertising agency Ogilvy, noted that during tough times, it may be seen as distasteful or unfashionable to splurge on luxury items or engage in conspicuous consumption. Sutherland predicted a shift towards a more minimalist approach, similar to the modest lifestyles traditionally embraced by Lutherans and Swedes. Even those who can afford it, like Bentley-driving broker Scott David in London's financial district, are now hesitating to spend lavishly, as seen in their reluctance to show off with brand-new luxury cars. "It would be considered inappropriate," he stated. "You don't want to appear as though you are flaunting your wealth in front of others." The luxury goods market is experiencing a downturn, with sales expected to decrease by 1 percent globally in the fourth quarter and potentially by up to 7 percent next year, according to a recent study by Bain and Co. In the U.S., Porsche car sales dropped by 58 percent in September compared to the same month in 2007, while overall car sales decreased by 22 percent, according to Autodata. Andy Lear, head of planning at the London office of French advertising agency Publicis, noted that the financial crisis was only exacerbating an existing trend in the luxury goods market. He mentioned that there were individuals who were searching for deeper significance beyond simply pursuing money and acquiring flashy possessions. Some in the financial services sector, who previously indulged in a luxurious way of life, are now beginning to reconsider the constant drive for material wealth. Patrick, an investment banker who preferred not to disclose his last name, shared that his daily routine has shifted in the past few months. "I'm leaving the office earlier and arriving later. Last week, I dropped off my son at school before heading to work -- something I had never done before," he stated, noting that some of his coworkers were also making similar changes. Patrick explained that the reason for his decision to leave his job was partly due to the tough financial situation at his company, which meant there would be no large bonuses this year. Additionally, he mentioned that the enthusiasm for working long hours had diminished. He expressed a change in his priorities and is now looking for ways to contribute to society, such as volunteering with a charity that offers debt counseling to the less fortunate. Henrietta Creighton, the managing director at Lifestyle Boutique, noted that although business had slowed compared to last year, clients were still spending on family celebrations. Family-friendly board games like Scrabble, Trivial Pursuit and Monopoly were predicted to be popular during Christmas as families opted for staying home instead of expensive vacations, according to Brian Goldner, CEO of Hasbro. The financial crisis may lead some people in secular societies like Britain to turn towards religion, noted Lord Richard Harries, a member of Britain's upper house of parliament and a former Anglican bishop. He suggested that after years of materialism and celebrity culture, society may be moving towards a more serious mindset. Nick Wills-Johnson, a research fellow at Curtain University Business School in Sydney, mentioned that during economic downturns, there is often a greater emphasis on family, altruism, and spirituality. The self-centered and flashy 1980s gave way to a global recession and the "Caring '90s", marked by George Bush Senior's goal to create a kinder and more compassionate nation. According to David Fowler of Cambridge University, author of "Youth Culture in Modern Britain, 1920-1970", downturns can also increase the popularity of anti-materialist movements, particularly among young people. Fowler explains that these movements tend to thrive during times of economic hardship because they highlight the flaws of consumerism. | 2 |
Many individuals have faced challenges such as illness, economic instability, climate change, loss, and racial inequalities. In addition to these difficulties, factors like inflation, supply chain disruptions, and the consequences of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine are causing significant stress for people in the United States, as indicated by a recent survey conducted for the American Psychological Association. Experts suggest that the arrival of spring can be a good opportunity to assess our mental well-being and reconnect with activities that bring us happiness and purpose, providing our minds with a break when needed. This time of year offers a chance for individuals to reflect on their current circumstances and consider where they stand. Paul Napper, a psychology consultant to business leaders and co-author of "The Power of Agency: The 7 Principles to Conquer Obstacles, Make Effective Decisions and Create a Life on Your Own Terms," reflected on his experiences and emphasized the importance of making decisions that align with our values, interests, and passions to achieve personal agency. Napper stressed that even when choices may not be ideal, examining options can help individuals adapt to circumstances. Here are five strategies to clear and focus the mind as a new season begins. Nkechi Njaka, a meditation guide in San Francisco with a background in neuroscience, emphasizes the importance of practicing mindfulness in order to combat the stress that comes with being human, especially in the present moment. Mindfulness meditation helps individuals refocus on the present when their minds wander to the past or future, ultimately reducing daily stress levels. Njaka suggests starting by tuning into bodily sensations, such as feeling the ground beneath you, to bring your focus back to the present. Text = If your mind starts to wander, gently bring your focus back to your breathing and stay in the present moment. Approaching mindfulness with compassion, curiosity, openness, and forgiveness will make you more likely to try it again. Use transitional times in your day, like waking up, meal times, or changing locations, to practice mindfulness and establish a routine. Research has shown that keeping a journal can enhance well-being, so try the Bullet Journal method. One technique that has become popular recently is the Bullet Journal, which was created by digital designer Ryder Carroll and explained in his bestselling book, "The Bullet Journal Method: Track the Past, Order the Present, Design the Future." This system is not just for organization, but also for practicing mindfulness. Carroll emphasizes the importance of regularly assessing how you spend your time and energy to determine if it is worthwhile. He warns that being productive on the wrong things is not beneficial. Carroll, who has ADHD, initially started journaling to improve his focus and career success, but he also began evaluating how tasks made him feel. He found that activities that brought him purpose and pride involved helping others and serving. He said that if you are unsure of what you want, you will never find satisfaction in what you already have. In today's world, we are bombarded with a constant stream of information from various sources like news alerts, social media, and emails, which can leave us feeling overwhelmed and stressed. Cal Newport, a computer science professor at Georgetown University and author of "Digital Minimalism: Choosing a Focused Life in a Noisy World," advises that now is the time to revamp how we consume news. He suggests choosing one or two reliable sources and reading them at a specific time each day. For example, you can listen to a news podcast while commuting or read a newspaper during breakfast. Newport, who is 39 years old and has never used social media platforms like Twitter or Instagram, also recommends taking a 30-day break from optional technologies in your life. He wrote about the experience of 1,600 individuals attempting the challenge in his book. Those who completed the entire 30 days were described as being enthusiastic and determined to make the most of their time. Rather than mindlessly using TikTok or Instagram, consider using your free time for more meaningful activities like reading, going for a walk in nature, or simply relaxing and listening to music. Allocate time for those activities. Cleaning up your physical space. During the pandemic, and particularly during lockdown, many individuals started to remove unnecessary items from their homes, a trend identified as the "great decluttering" by The Washington Post. If you have not yet addressed your clutter, now may be a good opportunity to do so. According to Catherine Roster, a professor at the Anderson School of Management at the University of New Mexico who has studied the impact of cluttered homes on individuals, "Messy spaces can hinder clear cognitive thinking." This distortion can affect various aspects of a person's life, including their emotions and productivity. While hiring a professional organizer may not be feasible for everyone, Roster suggests enlisting the help of a friend who is also decluttering their home. By working together, you can support each other in making decisions about what to keep and stay on track. Listening to music while organizing can be a motivating factor, according to a clinical psychologist. Many people are feeling emotionally cluttered due to information overload and lack of social or emotional fulfillment. It is important to reconnect with loved ones who bring support and positivity into our lives. If it has been a long time since you last spoke, reinitiating contact may feel uncomfortable initially. However, Greenberg suggests being honest in your approach. For instance, you could explain that you lost touch during the pandemic, but now that things are settling down, you would like to reconnect. Expressing that you have missed seeing the person can also create a positive chain reaction, where the individual you reach out to may feel motivated to do the same with others. According to Greenberg, everyone appreciates receiving such a call. Copyright 2022 The New York Times Company. | 2 |
Critics on both the right and left have condemned Prime Minister Naftali Bennett for different reasons. On the right, he is criticized for including an Arab party in the coalition, which some say has weakened the state's ability to police Israel's Arab minority. On the left, Bennett is criticized for making small gestures towards Palestinians while ruling out peace talks or the formation of a Palestinian state, leading to increased despair and violence. Bennett's coalition, made up of a diverse range of parties, has struggled to respond to the recent attacks by Arab citizens of Israel. Despite efforts to bridge their differences, the violence has highlighted the ideological gaps within the coalition. The attacks serve as a stark reminder that the Palestinian issue remains unresolved and a potential source of conflict. Bennett, similar to Netanyahu before him, has chosen to prioritize other issues over the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, seeing it as a problem to be managed rather than solved. Peace negotiations stalled in 2014, with Palestinian leaders unable to present a united front and key Israeli figures like Bennett openly opposing a Palestinian state. However, recent violence has forced some Israelis to recognize the instability of the current situation, though this realization has only solidified existing viewpoints on the conflict. Ofer Zalzberg, director of the Middle East Program at the Herbert C Kelman Institute, described the conversation as stale with few new arguments. He stated that people do not change their opinions based on current events but rather based on their existing beliefs. Some witnesses and survivors of the recent shootings in Bnei Brak believe that the attack by a West Bank Palestinian reinforces the idea that Israel does not have a peace partner among the Palestinians and that a Palestinian state would only increase the danger for Israelis. Despite Bennett also opposing Palestinian sovereignty, he faced criticism for his alliance with Ra’am and for issuing more work permits to Palestinians from Gaza and the West Bank. Posters urging residents not to hire Palestinian workers have appeared in the city, with one sign near a memorial demanding Bennett's resignation. In neighboring cities, one mayor closed construction sites that typically employed Palestinians, while another urged contractors not to hire them. Moshe Waldman, an accountant in Bnei Brak who witnessed part of the attack, believes that harsh punishment should be imposed on the families of terrorists. He suggests destroying their homes as a form of real deterrence. Waldman criticizes the idea of negotiating with terrorists, stating that it is not a realistic approach in the current situation. Some criticize Bennett for being too close to Arab Israelis and making too many concessions to Palestinians, while others fault him for not doing enough. The Israeli government has granted legal status to West Bank Palestinians and provided financial assistance to the Palestinian Authority. Critics argue that Bennett's approach of "shrinking the conflict" does not address the fundamental issues of Palestinian life under occupation, as the Israeli army still conducts raids in Palestinian areas and there is a two-tier justice system in the West Bank. The dream of Palestinians for statehood remains as far away as ever, according to Mairav Zonszein, a senior analyst for the International Crisis Group. Zonszein believes there is a sense of hopelessness and no clear political solution on the Palestinian front. Israelis have grown accustomed to the status quo without facing consequences, but the lack of a political process could lead to increased violence. In the meantime, Israeli Prime Minister Bennett must focus on enhancing security and addressing the concerns of his right-wing supporters without exacerbating tensions or alienating Arab lawmakers in his coalition. The Israeli army has deployed additional troops to the West Bank and Gaza border, while the police have shifted their focus to counterterrorism efforts. Bennett has suggested that Israeli civilians should carry licensed firearms, a proposal that has worried many Arab citizens of Israel, according to Bashaer Fahoum-Jayoussi, co-chair of the board of the Abraham Initiatives. She described this as a concerning call for citizens to be armed, which could exacerbate the increase in hate speech against the Arab community in Israel. In an effort to ease tensions, Bennett has praised his Arab coalition partner, Mansour Abbas, and the government still permits tens of thousands of Palestinians to enter Israel from the West Bank and Gaza daily. There has been no change in the plan to allow retirees from the West Bank to enter Jerusalem during Ramadan, which begins this weekend. Bennett's office did not provide a comment for this article, but one of his close allies, Micah Goodman, a philosopher who introduced the concept of "shrinking the conflict," stated that it is too early to determine the success of the government's approach in the West Bank and Israel. Goodman believes that achieving the two main aspects of his idea - gradual liberation of Palestinians in the West Bank and gradual integration of Palestinians in Israel - will take years, not months. He also mentioned that fear is the dominant emotion for Israelis in the conflict, while humiliation is the primary emotion for Palestinians. Reducing the conflict involves reducing fear for Israelis due to less terrorism and reducing humiliation for Palestinians due to less occupation. This process cannot be accurately assessed within nine months of the current government. If the current wave of violence decreases soon, it could show the effectiveness of the Bennett government's approach. Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas condemned the attack in Bnei Brak, which Israeli officials saw as a result of increased engagement with him. If the violence decreases, it may highlight the PA as a valuable partner in combating Israel's enemies and create more political space for empowering the PA, although it falls short of full Palestinian statehood. However, some believe that these incremental measures do not alleviate the occupation but instead provide political cover for its reinforcement through the growth of settlements and settler violence. She stated that the occupation is still continuing and the situation is deteriorating steadily. | 2 |
The government has decided to enhance the capacity of local governments in addressing climate change issues. This decision was made during a meeting of the climate change trust board at the environment ministry. The project will be a collaboration between various ministry units and the non-governmental organization Bangladesh Unnayan Parishad (BUP), as stated by environment state minister Hasan Mamud during a briefing for journalists. Additionally, the board has given initial approval to climate change projects proposed by 25 NGOs after their project costs were revised. The NGOs will be required to complete their work within the approved budget through discussions with the board. He said that if any of the organizations go over their budgets, they will be held accountable by the board. Mahmud also mentioned that a professional organization will evaluate the work done by government and non-governmental organizations approved by the trustee board. Additionally, the board decided to prioritize projects that will provide immediate benefits to the public and skip others. The meeting was attended by board members such as food minister Abdur Razzak and trustee board chairman Qazi Kholiquzzaman Ahmad. | 2 |
The upcoming elections in Gujarat will serve as a test for India's ruling Congress party, which is currently experiencing its most severe crisis since taking power in 2004. Additionally, India's election authorities have announced that voting for a new assembly in Himachal Pradesh will take place on Nov. 14 and Dec. 19. According to political analyst Mahesh Rangarajan, this will be the first direct confrontation between the Congress and the opposition Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) since recent changes in the country's political landscape, particularly regarding the nuclear deal. The Congress, leading India's ruling coalition, is facing significant opposition from its leftist allies over the nuclear agreement with the United States, which its communist partners strongly oppose. These leftist allies have threatened to withdraw their support for the coalition if the government proceeds with the deal. If this scenario occurs, the government will become a minority and national elections may take place earlier than planned in 2009. Over 30 million people are expected to vote for 182 seats in two phases on Dec. 11 and Dec. 16 in Gujarat, where Chief Minister Narendra Modi's BJP party has won the last three elections. Modi faced criticism five years ago for allegedly ignoring Hindu-Muslim riots in which around 2,500 people, mostly Muslims, were killed according to human rights groups. The official death toll is around 1,000. The riots began in 2002 after a train carrying Hindu pilgrims caught fire, resulting in the deaths of 59 people. A group of Muslims was accused of initiating the fire. | 2 |
Thunberg, the 16-year-old Swedish climate activist, is set to depart from Hampton, Virginia on Wednesday morning. This time, she will be sailing with an Australian couple on their 48-foot catamaran, La Vagabonde, which they document on YouTube. The journey to Spain will take approximately three weeks, where Thunberg aims to make it in time for the next UN-sponsored climate talks. Thunberg explained that she chose to sail to emphasize the challenges of living sustainably in today's society, stating that extreme measures are necessary. She avoids flying due to the significant greenhouse gas emissions associated with aviation. Her journey from Europe to the United States was on a racing yacht that departed from Plymouth, England and arrived in New York harbor in August. Thunberg had been traveling at a slow pace across the US and Canada, making appearances on television shows, protesting with Sioux leaders, biking in California with Arnold Schwarzenegger, and participating in school strikes. She had intended to continue her journey south to Santiago, Chile for the next round of UN climate negotiations in December, but had to quickly change her travel plans due to street protests in Santiago. Chile announced that they could no longer host the climate talks, leading Spain to offer Madrid as a new venue. This sudden change left Thunberg in need of another way to cross the ocean. She expressed her situation on Twitter, stating that she needed to find a way to cross the Atlantic in November and asked for help in finding transport. Riley Whitelum, an Australian sailing around the world with his wife, Elayna Carausu, offered to help organize something if Thunberg contacted him. In the course of one week, the voyage was arranged. Whitelum and Carausu will be joined by British professional sailor Nikki Henderson for this journey. Thunberg's father, Svante, will accompany her on the return trip across the ocean, just as he did on the initial journey. The couple's 11-month-old son, Lenny, will also be on board, which means that Thunberg, who is typically the youngest person in rooms full of powerful adults, will not be the youngest person in this group. "At last," she remarked. Thunberg's rapid ascent can largely be attributed to her status as a child. At just 15 years old, she made the decision to protest outside the Swedish parliament with a sign advocating for climate action. She attributes her unwavering dedication to the cause to her Asperger's syndrome, a condition on the autism spectrum. News of her protest quickly spread, energizing other young environmentalists and sparking numerous school strikes around the world. Utilizing the internet, young people were able to organize and mobilize on a global scale in cities like Melbourne, Kampala, Bonn, and New York City. Their anger, similar to hers, represented the frustration felt by their generation towards the slow progress in response to conclusive scientific evidence. Greta Thunberg's popularity has increased in the United States. Penguin Press has published a new anthology featuring a collection of her speeches, many of which were previously released. A death-metal remix has been created using her most passionate speech, delivered to world leaders at the United Nations in September. Additionally, a mural in San Francisco now features her likeness painted on the side of a building. Threats of violence and attacks targeting her medical condition have also been directed at her. One of her most well-known encounters in America was with President Donald Trump at the United Nations, where he did not see her but she saw him, glaring at him with icy eyes. When asked about her thoughts in that moment, Thunberg simply said, "It speaks for itself." Thunberg expressed her hope that La Vagabonde would safely and promptly bring her to Spain. She was excited to return home to Stockholm and embrace her two dogs after traveling. She enjoys traveling but also values her routine at home. | 2 |
The themes of the three Academy Awards contenders are intentional, as they were all produced and funded by Participant Media, a company dedicated to promoting social causes through film. Founded in 2004 by Jeff Skoll, the company has a diverse portfolio including documentaries like "An Inconvenient Truth" and dramas like "Lincoln" and "Spotlight". Participant Media's CEO David Linde explained that the company is drawn to stories of everyday individuals making a significant impact and inspiring change. Linde mentioned that "Roma" is a great example of a film distributed by Netflix Inc. The black-and-white drama follows Cleo, an indigenous Mexican housekeeper who shows bravery in the face of difficult situations. It will be competing for best picture at the Oscars against "Green Book," a Participant movie distributed by Comcast Corp's Universal Pictures about a black pianist on a 1962 tour of the segregated US South. Actor Mahershala Ali was present at the 91st Oscars Nominees Luncheon in Beverly Hills, California on Feb 4, 2019. "RBG," a documentary about US Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, is also nominated for best documentary. Actor Mahershala Ali was present at the 91st Oscars Nominees Luncheon in Beverly Hills, California on February 4, 2019. His movies are being paired with activism off-screen. For example, the company behind "Roma" has teamed up with the National Domestic Workers Alliance to advocate for labor protections and has supported the launch of an app that offers benefits to house cleaners, such as paid time off. Scott Budnick, who has shifted from producing comedies like "The Hangover" to advocating for prison reform, is also using compelling and commercially successful entertainment to drive change. His new company, One Community, is working to raise $10 million for a year-long campaign leading up to the release of the film "Just Mercy" in January 2020, which stars Michael B. Jordan as a lawyer fighting to free a wrongly convicted man. In an interview, Budnick stated that the upcoming campaign, set to begin in the next two months, will focus on issues like the death penalty and juvenile sentencing. One Community, co-financing "Just Mercy" with AT&T Inc's Warner Bros., aims to bridge the gap between philanthropy, politics, and the entertainment industry. Julie Cohen and Betsy West from "RBG" attended a reception for Oscar-nominated documentary films in Los Angeles on February 19, 2019. Budnick highlighted the importance of major studios aligning with philanthropic efforts to effectively address social issues. "We are here to be that aligner," he stated. Macro, a co-producer of "Just Mercy," is dedicated to creating TV shows and movies that showcase a diverse range of stories with people of color. Some of Macro's past successful films are "Fences" and "Mudbound." Charles King, a former talent agent, founded Macro and it is supported by organizations such as the Ford Foundation, which contributed $5 million. "Influencing which stories are shared, who tells them, and from what perspective, is a powerful way to alter the conversation in this country," explained Cara Mertes, director of the Ford Foundation initiative JustFilms. Budnick's One Community is seen by us as having a social justice impact, being funded by a range of investors such as Endeavor Content and Philadelphia 76ers co-owner Michael Rubin. The company is structured as a "double bottom line" entity, aiming to create both profits and social change. Executives are collaborating with social scientists to create measuring tools to assess the effectiveness of their initiatives. Budnick noted that this approach may not appeal to every investor. If an individual is seeking a 10x return on their investment, they might consider investing in companies like Twitter, Uber, or Instagram, according to Budnick. However, the company in question is not focused on such high returns but rather on making a profit and having a positive impact. | 2 |
Nuclear-capable missiles from Russia have been seen moving near Ukraine, raising concerns of potential intervention. Russia has also tested hypersonic cruise missiles that can evade US defenses and has severed ties with NATO. Ransomware attacks originating from Russia have started up again, and a new Russian cybersurveillance campaign was recently exposed by Microsoft. In the nine months since President Joe Biden took office, the US has imposed extensive sanctions on Russia, supported Ukraine militarily, and warned of possible cyberattacks against Russian entities. The US Embassy in Moscow has significantly reduced visa issuance. During the Group of 20 summit in Rome, President Biden was unable to meet face to face with President Putin due to the latter's remote attendance citing coronavirus concerns. However, despite their public rivalry, the two countries are engaging in ongoing discussions. Following their summit in Geneva in June, there have been multiple meetings between senior Biden administration officials and Russian officials in Moscow, Finland, and Switzerland. The talks are focused on arms control and there have been virtual meetings between the White House's cyber and emerging technologies advisor and her Russian counterpart. Several weeks ago, the United States shared information about hackers with Russia after much internal debate. Now, officials are waiting to see if this leads to arrests, testing Putin's commitment to cracking down on cybercrime. Talks between the two countries have not yielded much yet, but are helping to prevent tensions from escalating. The US is cautious about Russia's intentions but believes they can work together on certain issues. Russia has cooperated with the US on some matters, but also tries to disrupt other areas. Biden's diplomatic approach has been praised in Russia, indicating a potential for increased cooperation. Fyodor Lukyanov, a well-known Moscow foreign policy analyst who advises the Kremlin, stated that Biden recognizes the importance of taking a cautious approach and understands that Russia will not change. The talks between the two countries are seen as a way for the White House to prevent unexpected geopolitical events that could disrupt Biden's priorities, such as competition with China and addressing domestic challenges. For Putin, the talks are an opportunity to demonstrate Russia's global influence and enhance his image as a stabilizing force domestically. Fiona Hill, a former top Russia expert in the National Security Council under President Trump, noted that Russians dislike being disregarded. The United States is concerned about Russia's efforts to gain attention and influence, which poses a risk for the Biden administration as it faces criticism for engaging with Putin's Russia. European officials fear Russia is using tactics to gain leverage during the energy crisis, while new footage suggests potential military action near Ukraine. Additionally, Russia's cybercampaign targeting US government and corporate networks is causing alarm among officials. According to Dmitri Alperovitch, chairman of research group Silverado Policy Accelerator, the recent change in Russian tactics, moving towards undermining America's cyberspace infrastructure rather than targeting individual corporate or federal entities, appears to be a lasting shift in strategy. This shift has allowed Russia to leverage President Biden's desire for a more stable relationship to gain concessions from Washington. For example, when Victoria Nuland, a top State Department official, wanted to visit Moscow for talks at the Kremlin, the Russian government initially hesitated due to her reputation as a Russia hawk. However, they eventually offered a deal. If Washington were to approve a visa for a high-ranking Russian diplomat who had been unable to enter the United States since 2019, then Nuland could visit Moscow. The Biden administration accepted the offer. Nuland's discussions in Moscow covered a wide range of topics, but there are certain issues the Kremlin seems unwilling to address, such as Russia's crackdown on dissent and the treatment of imprisoned opposition leader Alexei Navalny, despite Biden expressing disapproval on these matters earlier this year. While Biden will not have a face-to-face meeting with Putin at the Group of 20 summit in Rome or the climate summit in Glasgow, Dmitry Peskov, Putin's spokesman, stated in October that another meeting between the two presidents this year in some form is likely. Foreign Minister Sergey V Lavrov mentioned that he briefly spoke with Biden in Rome and that the president emphasized his commitment to future communication. Kadri Liik, a Russia expert at the European Council on Foreign Relations in Berlin, noted that Biden has been successful in signaling to Russia. Russia desires the privilege of a great power to break rules. However, in order for this to happen, rules must be in place. The United States is still a significant influencer in setting global rules, whether people agree with it or not. Recent discussions between Russian and American officials have focused on "strategic stability," addressing concerns about new technology such as artificial intelligence in weapon systems potentially leading to accidental conflict. Wendy Sherman, the deputy secretary of state, has been leading talks on these issues, which American officials see as a positive aspect of the relationship. Various working groups have been established, including one focusing on "novel weapons" like Russia's Poseidon nuclear torpedo. While China's nuclear modernization is seen as a long-term threat by Pentagon officials, Russia is currently seen as the more immediate challenge. Gen John E Hyten, who will soon retire as the vice chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, stated that Russia remains the most significant threat due to its 1,550 deployed nuclear weapons. Other recent interactions with Russia include John Kerry's visit in July, Robert Malley's talks in September, and meetings between Russian deputy prime minister Alexei Overchuk and US officials, which Overchuk described as positive in Russian news media. Putin appreciates these diplomatic gestures. Analysts observed that he also recently made his own statement: During a conference in October, he responded to an Iranian guest's question about whether Biden's withdrawal from Afghanistan signaled the weakening of US power. Putin praised Biden's decision and dismissed the idea that the chaotic exit would have lasting consequences on America's reputation. Putin stated that over time, everything would settle down without causing any major changes. He emphasized that a country's appeal is based on its economic and military strength, not on events like the Afghanistan withdrawal. | 2 |
The high expenses of hotels, travel restrictions due to COVID-19, and quarantine regulations have caused worry among activists from developing nations like Dickson that their perspectives may not be represented at the COP26 conference in Glasgow from Oct 31-Nov 12. Reuters interviewed activists in countries such as Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Uganda. While some had managed to secure funding, visas, and vaccinations to participate in the summit, others had to give up. Dickson is still determined to attend COP26, where he plans to share his firsthand experiences of trying to study in school under extreme temperatures of 43°C. He believes it is essential for developed nations to listen to the personal stories of those who are most affected by climate change. The 28-year-old representing Nigeria's Eco Clean Active NGO is still in search of funding for his trip to the COP summit in Glasgow, which he estimates will cost over $4,000 including accommodation and quarantine. He is concerned about the lack of representation from the African continent at the summit. The British hosts of the summit have offered some funding assistance and vaccines for delegates in need. The COP26 spokesperson stated that they are working closely with partners to ensure an inclusive, accessible, and safe summit with COVID mitigation measures in place. Delegates have been offered fairly-priced accommodation by government-approved hotel provider MCI. The United Kingdom recently removed quarantine requirements for 47 countries, including South Africa and India, saving delegates the cost of a 10-day hotel quarantine. In the previous month, it was announced that quarantine expenses would be covered for delegates coming from countries still on the UK's COVID-19 travel "red list", which currently includes seven states such as Colombia and Venezuela. However, some potential delegates have reported difficulty accessing this assistance or feel that it is not sufficient. Some believe that their own governments should be taking more action to ensure their attendance. Mitzi Jonelle Tan, an activist based in the Philippines with youth movement Fridays for Future, expressed frustration with the challenges of visas and quarantines. The youth movement is sending approximately 55 delegates from regions that are at risk from climate change to COP26, but Tan mentioned that some individuals had to withdraw before the UK adjusted its quarantine regulations. The UK government is prepared for COP26 with an expected 25,000 attendees, but has not yet disclosed the list of delegates. Hotel prices for the 12-day conference start at 291 pounds per night on Booking.com, totaling 3,486 pounds. This high cost was a deterrent for Ugandan climate advocate Nyombi Morris, 23, who had planned to address concerns about EU biomass energy policies on forests. Morris declined the UK's accreditation offer due to lack of financial support, but remains determined to confront leaders in the future. Homestay groups have attempted to offer more affordable accommodations, but are facing challenges in meeting the high demand. The Human Hotel network has arranged for around 600 delegates to stay in local homes in Glasgow. However, the network's community manager Michael Yule noted that there are thousands of others who want to attend COP26 but cannot afford the expensive hotel prices in Scotland. Some individuals are also choosing to skip the event due to health risks and travel complications caused by the pandemic. For example, Li Shuo, a senior climate adviser at Greenpeace China in Beijing, mentioned that this will be the first COP event he will miss since 2010. "I hope that the reduced number of NGOs present will serve as a reminder that there are voices that are not being heard. Government delegations that do not have direct travel routes to Glasgow are also facing logistical difficulties. For example, the Cook Islands in the South Pacific will not be sending a delegation, and other small island nations are having trouble resolving visa issues. Climate activist Nobert Nyandire in Nairobi, Kenya received a COVID-19 vaccine this month through the UK government program. He will be attending COP26 to participate in the technical UN negotiations for Kenya's non-profit organization Sustainable Environmental Development Watch. However, he mentioned that some of his colleagues are still waiting for vaccines or have been put off by the cost." Nyandire expressed uncertainty about the decisions that will be made if the individuals who are impacted and should be involved in the negotiations do not attend. | 2 |
The Socialist government was cautioned that the upcoming European football tournament in France could face disruptions if they did not reconsider their stance. Demonstrators filled the streets while workers heeded the union's call by halting work at various facilities and setting up roadblocks and fires at ports and distribution centers. Prime Minister Manuel Valls maintained that the government would not retract the law and would dismantle refinery blockades, with potential adjustments to the reforms but not the main elements. The CFDT union supported Valls' stance. The protests, triggered by a reform aimed at simplifying hiring and firing processes, were seen as a crucial test of the strength of the CGT-led opposition. Scores of participants from a youth protest movement called Nuit Debout (Night Rising) joined the street marches. In response to potential violence at the rallies, police were deployed after previous incidents left hundreds injured and over 1,300 arrested. CGT leader Philippe Martinez suggested that the government could halt the protests by pausing the clock. FO union leader Jean-Claude Mailly compared the situation to a football match, urging the prime minister to reverse his decision. Despite calls for changes to the law causing unrest, Prime Minister Valls remained firm in his stance, rejecting demands to remove the controversial section that sparked the protests. The SNCF national train company reported that around two-thirds of national, regional, and local rail services were running despite ongoing strikes by rail workers. Compared to last week's strike, which resulted in a 50% reduction in train services, the impact of the current strike seems to be less severe. Following police action to remove blockades at refineries and fuel distribution centers, Prime Minister Valls stated that 20-30% of fuel stations were experiencing shortages. Transport Minister Alain Vidalies mentioned that the situation was improving, with fuel deliveries from depots to gas stations increasing. In the Loire-Atlantique region of western France, the number of fuel stations experiencing shortages dropped from 140 on Wednesday to 83 on Thursday. The French nuclear power capacity has been reduced by up to five gigawatts due to stoppages, which represents slightly over six percent of the country's total production capacity. Despite power industry experts claiming that the strike at the nuclear plant is not likely to cause major blackouts because of legal restrictions on strike actions and power imports from other countries, it typically results in higher running costs for the EDF power utility. Additionally, with dockers on strike at the southern port of Marseille, the number of ships waiting at sea to unload oil, gas, and chemicals increased to 21 from the usual five, as reported by the port authority. A protest regarding pension reform in 2010 ended after police dispersed picketers at supply depots and railworkers faced stoppages affecting their pay. Oil company Total SA stated that almost all of its fuel distribution depots were operational, but noted that two out of its five refineries in France were currently not in operation with two more expected to stop production soon. The CGT union is facing a more solitary fight this time around, as the head of the CFDT union, Laurent Berger, who supports the proposed labor reform, expressed concerns about the escalating political and industrial tensions and called for a de-escalation of the situation. | 2 |
Germany is not considering changing its approach to Europe's debt crisis, despite growing opposition to Berlin's austerity policies. Chancellor Angela Merkel dismissed the idea of a major policy shift after Socialist Francois Hollande won in France and Greek voters punished ruling parties for cutting spending. Merkel's allies indicated that they expected Hollande to make concessions and roll back promises seen as risky for the eurozone. Volker Kauder, the parliamentary leader of Merkel's conservatives, stated that the German government will continue to prioritize saving money. After a disappointing state election for her Christian Democrats, Merkel is aware that in order to secure a third term, she must listen to German voters who are opposed to giving more financial aid to other countries. Kauder, a close ally of Merkel, expressed concerns that Germans could end up bearing the costs of a Socialist victory in France through increased guarantees and financial support, which he finds unacceptable. Germany is not willing to provide funding for the promises made by the French government in the upcoming elections. French President Hollande has made pledges that could be expensive, such as balancing the budget in five years, hiring new teachers, implementing a 75% tax on million-euro incomes, and increasing the minimum wage. These proposals, including joint euro zone bonds and a more active role for the European Central Bank, go against Germany's beliefs. Andreas Schockenhoff, a prominent CDU lawmaker, predicts that Hollande will soon commit to stability policies. Repeatedly questioned at a press conference about whether the French and Greek votes could impact the policy debate in Europe, Merkel's spokesperson Steffen Seibert emphasized that the way forward was through growth achieved by structural reform, such as changes to tax and labor rules to enhance trade, rather than relying on debt-funded stimulus plans. Merkel herself stated that while there was room to discuss tactics, the overall strategy agreed upon by EU leaders through a compact on fiscal consolidation was non-negotiable. She acknowledged that France, under its new president, would bring its own perspective to the ongoing debate, but stressed that both solid finances and growth were essential for progress. Following Hollande's victory, Merkel reached out to him with a phone call, marking their first conversation, during which they spoke with the assistance of interpreters for nearly fifteen minutes. Sources informed Reuters that Hollande and Merkel had a cordial conversation where Hollande expressed his desire for strong ties. Hollande is expected to visit Berlin on May 16, the day after he assumes office, for his first foreign trip. Merkel stated that Hollande would be warmly received. Germany has indicated its willingness to negotiate a "growth pact" with the new French leader, which could potentially help Hollande achieve his goal of a more balanced approach to the crisis, even if the details are unclear. However, it is unlikely that bold new initiatives that could significantly improve struggling economies like Greece and Spain will be implemented. German officials are focused on structural reforms rather than simply boosting growth, as CDU budget expert Norbert Barthle explained to Reuters. They are considering options such as utilizing EU structural funds more flexibly, increasing the capital of the European Investment Bank (EIB), and issuing "project bonds" to finance infrastructure investments. Importantly, these measures would not require a large amount of new funds from Berlin, which is why they are seen as feasible. However, Germany is strongly against the idea of implementing new government stimulus programs, granting more time for euro members to reduce deficits, or giving the ECB additional powers to boost growth. A high-level German source emphasized that there will be no relaxation of deficit targets and pointed to Hollande's victory speech in Tulle as evidence of his willingness to collaborate with Germany. Hollande's chief economic adviser, Michel Sapin, also stated that it is not anticipated for the new government to simply distribute funds upon taking power. Officials in Berlin and Brussels are taking a firm stance on Greece, emphasizing that there is no flexibility for the country to go back on or alter the terms of its multi-billion euro rescues by the European bloc and the IMF. The recent election results in Greece, which saw a rise in support for extreme parties, have raised concerns about Athens' commitment to its obligations and led to speculation about the possibility of Greece being forced out of the euro zone. A senior euro zone source warned that Greece must adhere to the agreed program in order to receive financial support from member states, or face default. The consequences of default are uncertain, but it would likely result in further hardship for Greek citizens. At the heart of the European project, which was created by France and Germany to prevent further wars, Hollande may find support from Italy, the euro zone's third largest economy. Despite facing economic challenges and pressure from creditors, Prime Minister Mario Monti's government in Italy has endorsed Hollande's growth-focused agenda. Hollande's approach to relations with Germany, France's key ally, will become clearer when he appoints his government later this month. Jean-Marc Ayrault, a German-speaking candidate who has shown willingness to work with Berlin, is a front-runner for prime minister over Martine Aubry, a more traditional Socialist. Choosing Ayrault would indicate Hollande's readiness for compromise. Louis Gargour, chief investment officer of hedge fund LNG Capital, expressed keen interest in observing whether Hollande will begin his presidency by confronting Merkel. He described it as a clash between Keynesian economics and a focus on growth versus a prolonged period of austerity that voters are increasingly weary of. | 2 |
A well-respected former government official known as "Hong Kong's conscience" has emerged victorious in a significant by-election for a seat in the city's legislature. This election is widely viewed as a test of democracy in the former British territory. Anson Chan, who previously served as deputy to the last British governor, Chris Patten, won the election, bringing good news to the city's pro-democracy political groups. This victory follows a recent defeat for pro-democracy forces in district council polls. Chan, 67, expressed her belief that the election results show Hong Kong residents desire universal suffrage by 2012. She emphasized the importance of genuine democracy in protecting freedoms, values, and creating a more just society. Since the handover of Hong Kong to China in 1997, the territory has enjoyed significant autonomy in many aspects, but political reform remains a contentious issue. The city's constitution aims for universal suffrage as the main goal of political reform, but lacks clarity on when and how this will be achieved. The British did not prioritize this idea until the end of colonial rule under Patten. Chan received a larger margin of victory over her main competitor, Regina Ip, than expected, despite recent polls showing a narrowing gap. According to Ma Ngok, an associate professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, this outcome suggests that many middle class residents in Hong Kong still value democracy, even as the economy improves and becomes more linked to China. Beijing should consider this perspective. Since 1997, the traditional overall support rate of the democratic camp, which has been about 60 percent, has decreased. Some experts suggest that the democratic camp needs to reconsider its single-issue approach to elections. Chan received 54 percent of the vote. James Sung from City University stated that it is time for the pan-democrats to conduct a comprehensive review, although he is doubtful that they will do so given Anson's clear victory. Despite her loss, Ip's strong performance highlighted the pro-Beijing camp's powerful election machinery that supported her, as was also evident in the district council elections. It also signaled the comeback of a politician who is known for attempting to pass an unpopular anti-subversion law as security chief in 2003. This move led to a massive protest with half a million participants, surprising leaders in Beijing. Analysts believe that Ip, who is 57 years old, is in a good position to run in the upcoming full Legislative Council elections. Currently, the chief executive is chosen by an 800-seat committee under the control of the Communist leadership in Beijing, with half of the legislature being elected by the public and the other half selected by "functional constituencies" representing various professions and special-interest groups. | 2 |
A survey conducted by the World Bank in 15 developing nations, including Bangladesh, shows that the majority of people in these countries support their governments taking action to combat climate change, even if it results in significant expenses. | 2 |
Karachi is currently facing a severe problem with swarms of flies infesting every part of the city, from neighborhoods and markets to shops and homes. The flies are causing havoc, buzzing around sidewalks, stores, cars, and homes, and landing on everything from vegetables to people. This fly infestation is the worst that Dr. Seemin Jamali, executive director of the Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, has ever seen in the city. “There are large numbers of flies and mosquitoes,” she explained. “It’s not just impacting the everyday person – they are so frightening; they are harassing people. You can’t even walk in a straight line on the street, there are so many flies all around.”
In Karachi, Pakistan, there are flies on fruits and vegetables at the market. The city has been experiencing heavy rainfall, poor drainage, and a garbage issue – resulting in bugs being present everywhere. Despite efforts to fumigate the area, the flies persist, causing growing frustration among residents. The city's ongoing issues with garbage and drainage are receiving renewed attention and anger, as different political factions have used these problems against each other for years without any improvement. The recent infestation of flies in Karachi, Pakistan, is believed to have been caused by a combination of stagnant rainwater, garbage on the streets, and waste from animals slaughtered during the Eid al-Adha festival. According to Noman Ahmed, an expert on the city's water problems, the recent heavy rains were not unusual. He stated that the recent rains in Karachi exposed the city's ongoing issues with urban development, sewage, waste management, and water contamination. The natural drains in the city are being used as dumping grounds for solid waste, leading to potential dysfunction if similar weather patterns continue. The unsanitary conditions have caused an increase in various medical ailments and diseases, including malaria, gastroenteritis, typhoid, dengue fever, the chikungunya virus, respiratory disorders, and Congo fever. Flies cover a man's hat in the Bohri Bazaar in Karachi, Pakistan on August 28, 2019. The city has been dealing with heavy rains, poor drainage, and a garbage problem, leading to an infestation of bugs. A local resident mentioned that the community must take responsibility for the situation, as people have been dumping sacrificial animals' waste on the streets, leading to piles of garbage. Vendors at the Bohri Bazaar are seen trying to keep the flies away by fanning their products, as flies swarm in and out of shops, landing on various items such as fabric and towels. Muhammad Ismail Siddiqui, aged 54, is a vendor who sells traditional sweets such as jalebi and gulab jamun. He has taken precautions to protect his sweets by covering them with clear plastic. When asked if the flies were only a seasonal problem, Siddiqui expressed concern and said that in previous years the government would organize fumigation drives early in the day. However, he lamented that currently there is no such action being taken, leaving them feeling helpless. Siddiqui mentioned that his business has been severely impacted as a result. People who visit the area simply observe the presence of flies. Flies are abundant in a meat market located in the Empress Market in Karachi, Pakistan, on August 28, 2019. The city's issues with heavy rains, poor drainage, and garbage disposal have led to a widespread bug problem. The blame for this situation has been placed on the city's politics, with political parties using sanitation as a rallying cry and a tool for gaining influence. Pakistan's largest city, Karachi, is facing issues with heavy rainfall, poor drainage, and a garbage problem, leading to a widespread presence of bugs. The ruling party at the national level, Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI), is attempting to increase its influence in Karachi in order to challenge the dominant Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) at the provincial level. A PTI legislator initiated a "Let's Clean Karachi" campaign, indirectly blaming the PPP for the garbage crisis. However, PPP Senator Saeed Ghani argues that the campaign has worsened the situation with poorly managed clean-up efforts. Addressing the garbage issue in Karachi, where trash is commonly seen piled up on roadsides and empty lots, would be a challenging and costly task. The city of Karachi generates approximately 12,000 tons of waste daily. The city's resources and infrastructure have not been able to cope with the increasing demands of its growing population, leading to environmental issues. Karachi, with over 15 million residents, is also facing challenges related to climate change, similar to the rest of Pakistan. Recent heavy rains have exacerbated existing problems with drainage and waste management, resulting in an increase in flies and other pests in the city. Karachi's administration is intricate and divided, with waste management and municipal services being handled by separate agencies. The city faces issues such as constructions over drains, cantonment areas managed separately, and flies infesting produce markets. Ahmed, an expert on water issues, stated that the livability of Karachi is declining and called for a sanitation emergency to address the waste accumulation in the streets and drains. This would require provincial resources and cooperation among politicians, as the city is plagued by flies that do not respect political boundaries. Ismail Lalpuria, a furniture trader in Saddar, expressed frustration with the negative impact on his business due to the abundance of flies in the area. He stated that all political parties are simply engaging in political maneuvers without actually accomplishing any tasks. | 2 |
The Food and Agriculture Organisation of the UN has begun distributing agricultural inputs to farmers affected by Cyclone Sidr in Bangladesh's coastal region. This distribution is part of the Emergency 2007 Cyclone Recovery and Restoration Project, which is funded by the World Bank. The distribution has reached beneficiaries in 13 southern Upazilas since it started on July 13, with government and FAO officials accompanying the team. Bangladesh's FAO representative, Ad Spijkers, stated that farmers in the south require more assistance with modern technologies to rebuild their livelihoods following the destruction caused by cyclones Sidr and Aila. He also mentioned that support for crops, fisheries, and livestock will continue for the next four years. Spijkers reiterated that despite the challenges of climate change and natural disasters, farm production can be increased by using stress-tolerant seeds and modern equipment such as power tillers and irrigation pumps. He discussed the goals of the ECRRP project, which include promoting balanced fertilizer use, expanding surface water irrigation, and providing farmers and fishers with training on modern technologies through Farmers Field Schools. Spijkers also mentioned that the FAO has supported 1.4 million farmers affected by Sidr and Aila with emergency inputs for crops, fisheries, and livestock. Additionally, he stated that 12 southern districts will benefit from recent EU funding for agriculture sectors. Spijkers emphasized the government of Bangladesh's focus on investing in the southern delta to achieve sustainable food security, highlighting the importance of adopting modern technologies and practices to reach these goals. He stressed the importance of a comprehensive investment plan that will effectively link the agriculture and water sectors in the south to promote sustainable development and restore the region's status as the country's main food producer. The FAO leader also confirmed that his organization will collaborate with the government and other partners to create this plan. | 2 |
The climate fund will provide funding for the construction of new cyclone shelters and roads, as well as the renovation of old shelters in the coastal area. During the first meeting of the Bangladesh Climate Change Resilience Fund's (BCCRF) governing council, a Tk 1.87 billion project was approved for nine coastal districts. State Minister for Environment, Hassan Mahmud, stated that the initial plan includes building 50 cyclone shelters and renovating 40 old ones, as well as constructing around 50 km of roads in the coastal districts. Efforts will be made to reach out to donor countries and agencies for funding. Mahmud mentioned that Bangladesh had been pledged $147 million for the project, with the UK promising $10 million and Australia pledging $16 million. He also stated that two other projects, including the construction of a cross dam to reclaim land from the sea and coastal forestation, were discussed during the meeting. | 2 |
For many dedicated readers, the book, which is set in the 1950s and includes various interreligious friendships and relationships, has remained popular due to its relatable family dramas and its portrayal of what it means to be a secular, independent citizen. After multiple unsuccessful attempts, the cherished novel has finally been adapted into a luxurious new six-part series, helmed by Oscar-nominated director Mira Nair. Premiering on BBC One in July, the show was praised in Britain as the network's first prime-time drama shot on location in India with a predominantly Indian cast. In India, the response was mixed: members of the ruling Hindu nationalist party called for a boycott due to its portrayal of interfaith romance, and police launched an investigation into Netflix, the show's distributor. The series made a quieter debut in the United States on Acorn TV, without any calls for boycott. Nair, who was raised in India but now lives in New York, humorously refers to the show as "The Crown in Brown" due to its grand story and production. However, beyond its grandeur, the project holds personal and political significance for her. She expressed her desire to create a reflection of a more idealistic time, such as the secular and optimistic 1950s when her parents got married. The novel "A Suitable Boy" was written against the backdrop of rising Hindu nationalist politics in India after violent clashes in 1992. The story is set in the aftermath of the 1947 partition of India by the British, which led to the creation of Pakistan. His approach was to write a dramatic comedy of manners, focusing on a mother's efforts at Indian matchmaking and expanding it into a complex story involving four upper-class families, forbidden love, religious harmony, and post-Partition politics. This novel became a definitive portrayal of India's early years. Despite previous failed attempts at adaptation, the author selected Welsh screenwriter Andrew Davies to adapt the book, following his success with a BBC adaptation of Tolstoy's "War and Peace" in 2016. Seth's sister, Aradhana Seth, was entrusted with overseeing the adaptation process to maintain its integrity. The BBC greenlit the series in 2017, with director Mira Nair joining the project the following year. The "Suitable" adaptation, while sharing similarities with "The Crown" in terms of drama and scope, did not have the same large budget as the House of Windsor drama. To afford the desired locations and period details, the production was cut from eight episodes to six and streamlined the complex narrative of the book. Aradhana Seth advised viewers to approach the adaptation with an open mind, leaving the book aside. The TV version focuses on two main characters, Lata and Maan, as they navigate coming of age in India during the 1952 post-independence elections. Maan becomes involved in his father's election campaign, gaining insight into caste and religion politics, while Lata tries to find her own path despite her mother's insistence on finding her a suitable Hindu boy. Maniktala expressed that Lata has a lot of energy and is eager to explore the world as she is a recent university graduate. She lives in a bubble where she believes everything will be great. Filming was finished in India in December and Nair took a break from editing in London to visit New York in March. However, she became stuck in New York when international borders closed due to the coronavirus. In a video interview, Nair showed how she edited the show with her team across the world using multiple screens. The music for the show was composed remotely, with a full orchestra in Budapest, Hungary, and composers Alex Heffes and sitarist Anoushka Shankar in Los Angeles and London. When the show premiered in Britain, it received praise from mainstream press for its representation on the BBC. However, South Asian critics were less impressed, criticizing the English dialogue and accents, as well as questioning why an 84-year-old Welsh writer was adapting this iconic story about modern India and a young woman's romantic awakening. As social media criticism grew, Vikram Seth defended his choice of Davies, stating that "race should have nothing to do with it" in The Telegraph. Davies himself explained that it was a balance between finding someone very Indian or very experienced in adapting long books to write the adaptation. His previous TV adaptations include "Bleak House" and "Pride and Prejudice." Nair, who grew up in a secular Hindu family, felt defensive about his writing territory and wanted to include more political themes from the novel in the screenplay. She aimed to shift the focus from marriage to the making of India, and integrated spoken Hindi and Urdu into the script as much as possible. When asked about balancing her Indian perspective with British television standards, she laughed. "It was a delightful struggle, I must say." Nair is no stranger to this challenge. Having experience in the often tough battles for more authentic and artistic portrayals of South Asians in Western media, she has created numerous acclaimed films about India and its diaspora. According to Amardeep Singh, a professor at Lehigh University and author of "The Films of Mira Nair: Diaspora Vérité," Nair tends to focus on social issues rooted in everyday life. "A Suitable Boy," her latest project, continues this trend by exploring modern India, similar to her previous works like "Monsoon Wedding" and "Salaam Bombay!". The series was shot on location in real cities, capturing both their grandeur and decay while striving for a midcentury Indian minimalism aesthetic. For example, a mansion in Lucknow was transformed into the lavish home of Saeeda Bai, a Muslim singer and courtesan, representing the fading aristocratic Islamic court culture and literary sensuality of the era. Tabu, one of India's most acclaimed actors, portrays the character of Saeeda in the film. Saeeda's poetry, singing, and beauty captivate Maan, the son of a prominent Hindu politician. Tabu mentioned that director Mira Nair is very particular about portraying women on screen, and Saeeda Bai is depicted as ethereal and unattainable in society. Maan, played by Khatter, emphasized the relevance of interfaith love stories in a diverse country like India. Khatter, who comes from an interreligious background himself, believes these stories are important to tell. The filming of the movie coincided with protests erupting in India over a law that excludes Muslim migrants from obtaining Indian citizenship. Sadaf Jafar, known for her role as Bibbo in the show, took part in the protests and was arrested and mistreated by the police. Despite warnings from friends, Nair launched a public campaign to help Jafar, drawing inspiration from Faiz Ahmed Faiz's words. The positive message of unity in "A Suitable Boy" may seem outdated, but Maniktala, who plays Lata, found it still relevant, especially when reflecting on her own family's experiences during the 1947 partition. "I understand the significance of pain and the lessons it teaches," she stated. "I believe that the empathy people once had is decreasing, and we must not forget our roots. It is crucial to remember our past." (Source: New York Times News Service, 2020) | 2 |
Kim, a Korean American, was upset by what he perceived as prevalent racism in classical music, particularly in the way Asian string players were marginalized and mistreated. He felt that his white colleagues in the San Francisco orchestra did not share his sense of urgency in creating a more inclusive culture for Asian, Black, and Latino musicians. Feeling alienated and frustrated, Kim, aged 40, started to reconsider his career. In March, he resigned from a committee within the orchestra focused on equity and inclusion, where he was the only musician of color. After the group started performing again in May, he took some time off because he was too upset to play. Despite speaking loudly, he felt invisible and lost his love for music. Artists from China, Japan, South Korea, and other countries are well-represented in classical music, winning top prizes and making up a significant portion of orchestras and conservatories. Renowned performers like Yo-Yo Ma, Midori, and Lang Lang are in high demand worldwide. However, despite the success of certain Asian artists, it is important to acknowledge that many still experience frequent racism and discrimination. In interviews with over 40 orchestra players, soloists, opera singers, composers, students, teachers, and administrators, it was revealed that Asian artists often encounter stereotypes suggesting their music lacks emotion and is overly mechanical. They are often viewed as exotic and treated as outsiders in a field with deep roots in Europe. Additionally, they are falsely accused of disrespecting cultural traditions that do not belong to them and are frequently subjected to online harassment and racial slurs. Even though artists of Asian descent may have a presence in classical music, many of them still do not feel truly recognized or valued. Nina Shekhar, a 26-year-old Indian American composer, expressed frustration at not always being able to create the type of art she desires, as her music is often incorrectly labeled as having Indian influences. This feeling of invalidation is shared by many Asian artists in the industry, where there has been an increase in Asian soloists and orchestra musicians but a lack of representation in other areas such as opera, composition, conducting, arts administration, and cultural institution boards. The shortage of role models in these fields has made success seem unattainable for many artists, leading to a sense of being a rare commodity, as described by Xian Zhang, music director of the New Jersey Symphony Orchestra. Zhang is among a few Asian female conductors who are currently leading prominent ensembles. Zhang, a Chinese American, has faced challenges in gaining the respect of male musicians, especially during guest conductor appearances in Europe. The increase in anti-Asian hate incidents has prompted calls for action, with musicians forming advocacy groups and urging cultural organizations to increase representation of Asian leaders and highlight Asian artists and composers. Classical music has historically been slow to change, with persistent stereotypes about Asians still prevalent. Renowned violinist and conductor Pinchas Zukerman faced backlash in June for making racist comments about Asians during a Juilliard master class, although he later apologized. Many successful artists in the industry have also experienced the negative impact of casual racism on their careers. Sumi Jo, a well-known coloratura soprano from South Korea, revealed that she had lost several roles because directors believed she did not have the right appearance. She emphasized the need for Asians to work much harder to achieve success. Artists of Asian descent have faced stereotypes and discrimination for decades, dating back to the 1960s and 70s when many musicians from East Asia came to the United States. Despite this, Asian artists have made progress in the music industry over time. As of 2014, musicians of Asian descent comprised approximately 9% of large ensembles, according to the League of American Orchestras, while Asians make up about 6% of the US population. In prestigious orchestras like the New York Philharmonic, the percentage of Asian musicians is even higher, at one third. However, in Europe, the representation of Asians in orchestras varies, with the London Symphony Orchestra having only three out of 82 players with Asian roots, despite Asians making up more than 18% of London's population. Despite these statistics, racist stereotypes of Asian artists persist, with some conductors commenting that they resemble computer engineers rather than classical musicians. Some individuals have been judged by audition committees as too fragile and young to be taken seriously, while others have been told their names are too difficult to pronounce or remember. Akiko Tarumoto, assistant concertmaster of the Los Angeles Philharmonic, described how musicians of Asian descent in the orchestra are sometimes mistaken for each other, or referred to in a derogatory manner. Renowned soloists like Lang Lang have tried to challenge stereotypes by showcasing a more lively and emotional performance style, in contrast to the perception that Asians are stoic and reserved. Yuja Wang, a Chinese pianist, has attempted to mock the stereotype of Asians being robotic, with varying degrees of success. This stereotype is partly attributed to misunderstandings about the Suzuki method of teaching music, which originated in Japan in the 1950s. Despite criticism in the West for creating musicians who lack individuality, the method remains popular, even among non-Asian students. In 2019, Wang participated in a controversial concert at Carnegie Hall with a comedy duo that included crude jokes about her sexuality and Chinese background. Wang, who is 34 years old, shared in an interview that early in her career she was unfairly labeled as technically skilled but lacking emotional depth. She expressed her dislike for being stereotyped and placed into a narrow category. While Wang stated that she has not encountered blatant racism, she has sometimes felt like an outsider in the industry due to instances such as her name being mispronounced or not being taken seriously. Other well-known soloists such as Lang Lang, Yo-Yo Ma, Midori, and Mitsuko Uchida chose not to comment on the topic of race. Zubin Mehta, an influential Indian conductor, mentioned that he has never faced racism in the industry and does not believe that Asians are discriminated against. He expressed empathy for those who feel mistreated but stated that he is not aware of any significant issues. Ray Chen, a violinist from Taiwan who now lives in Australia, has gained a large following on social media. He has faced surprise from audience members who didn't expect him to be able to play composers like Mendelssohn because they believed music was not in his blood. While he thinks there is less discrimination now, he struggled to find opportunities in Europe earlier in his career, feeling that his Asian heritage held him back. Chen, who is 32, believes that the classical music industry is too afraid of trying something new. Female artists of Asian descent also face challenges, such as being stereotyped as exotic and obedient. Soyeon Kate Lee, a 42-year-old Korean American pianist, shared a disturbing experience where a conductor described her as "cheap and good" in front of other orchestra leaders and even suggested she perform a lap dance. Xenophobic implications that Asians are securing orchestra positions or spots in conservatories are frequently heard. Yuka Kadota, a violinist with the Milwaukee Symphony Orchestra, compared Asian musicians to "invasive species" such as carp or murder hornets. Kadota, a 43-year-old Japanese American, expressed feeling "self-conscious and slightly apologetic" during a recent performance where four out of five players were Asian women. She stated her concern about the perception of Asians "taking over." Despite progress in orchestras, individuals of Asian descent are still not well represented in various areas of the music industry, including conducting, composition, and opera. Mei-Ann Chen, the conductor of the Chicago Sinfonietta and the incoming leader of Recreation — Grosses Orchester Graz in Austria, acknowledged facing rejection as a reality in her career. Chen, a 48-year-old woman from Taiwan, shared that donors and presenters have canceled meetings and opportunities for her performances once they learned she was Asian. Despite facing discrimination, she persevered and emphasized the importance of having a thick skin. While arts organizations have promised to showcase works by a more diverse group of composers, artists of Asian descent feel they have been largely excluded, except for concerts celebrating holidays like the Lunar New Year. An analysis of 88 American orchestras by the Institute for Composer Diversity at the State University of New York at Fredonia found that only about 2% of planned pieces for the 2021-22 season are by Asian composers. The lack of Asian representation in opera is evident, especially at the Metropolitan Opera, where only 6% of singers cast in principal roles next season are of Asian descent, despite Asians making up about 14% of New York City's population. While Asian students make up a significant portion of vocal arts programs in conservatories like the Manhattan School of Music, they are still underrepresented on opera stages. Nicholas Phan, a 42-year-old tenor of Chinese and Greek heritage, believes Asians are often pigeonholed as technically skilled but lacking in artistic depth. Phan was advised by a teacher to use a non-Chinese surname to avoid being dismissed as just another Asian singer. When Asians do secure roles in opera, they are frequently cast in stereotypical roles like Cio-Cio San in "Madama Butterfly" or the princess in "Turandot," roles criticized for perpetuating racist stereotypes. Despite this, some Asian singers, such as Chinese soprano He Hui, find joy in performing these roles. Mezzo-soprano Nina Yoshida Nelsen, who is half Japanese, has found that the majority of her performances have been in stereotypical Asian roles. Nelsen has spoken out against being tokenized based on her race and appearance and has received new offers for non-stereotypical roles as a result. Advocating for change, Sou-Chun Su, a Taiwan-born violinist in the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra since 1990, stressed the importance of speaking out without fear. He noted the challenges in getting orchestra leaders to address concerns raised by Asian players, which only gained attention after the tragic shooting in Atlanta in March. Su emphasized that it should not have taken such an event to prompt action. The orchestra acknowledged the need to create a more inclusive culture but recognized that there is still much progress to be made. Hyeyung Yoon, a former member of the Chiara String Quartet, founded Asian Musical Voices of America to provide a platform for artists of Asian descent to discuss issues of racism and identity. The group now holds regular meetings on Zoom. Yoon stated that Asians are often left out of conversations about increasing diversity in classical music because it is assumed that they are already well represented. She pointed out that the Asian perspective is rarely acknowledged in these discussions. Some artists, like Miran Kim, have used social media to speak out against their employers. Kim, a violinist with South Korean heritage at the Metropolitan Opera, recently expressed her frustration with performing works that contain racist stereotypes, such as "Madama Butterfly." She also criticized the Met for selling a Butterfly-themed sleep mask that she felt perpetuated harmful stereotypes. Kim emphasized the lack of Asian representation in leadership roles within the industry. "We are not included in the discussion." There have been some improvements. The San Francisco Opera will soon have Eun Sun Kim, a South Korean conductor, as its music director, making her the first woman to hold such a position at a major American opera company. However, there are still major obstacles. David Kim, a violist at the San Francisco Symphony considering his career, expressed frustration with disagreements with colleagues on issues like the wording of public statements on racism. He also believes the orchestra does not prioritize showcasing composers of color. Kim, who has been a member of the ensemble since 2009, expressed feelings of loss when he realized that his work as a classical musician no longer reflects his values. He criticized the industry for being self-unaware, entitled, and lacking in social justice. Kim believes that change in classical music, which he described as "racism disguised as art," will only come when it confronts its history of intolerance. He questioned whether Asians are truly accepted in orchestras, ensembles, and as soloists despite appearing to be on the surface. | 2 |
According to the Fiji Elections Office (FEO), Bainimarama's Fiji First party received around 50 percent of the votes, while the opposition Social Democratic Liberal Party (SODELPA) received nearly 40 percent. Bainimarama, who has been Prime Minister since a coup in 2006, won 27 out of 51 seats. Despite attending his brother's funeral in New Zealand, Bainimarama expressed pride in being re-elected as Prime Minister. SODELPA, with 21 seats, along with three other parties, called for the electoral commission and FEO to delay announcing results due to concerns about transparency in the tally process. This election was only the second democratic election held in Fiji since 2006. Mahendra Chaudhry from the Fiji Labour Party, along with SODELPA, National Federation Party, and Unity Fiji, expressed concerns about the Elections Supervisor rushing to release results, compromising procedures and legal requirements. Chaudhry emphasized the importance of ensuring credibility in the election process. In response, Elections Supervisor Mohammed Saneem defended the office's transparency, stating that accurate information is being provided to the people of Fiji in a timely manner. Endorsing Saneem's statements, the Multinational Observer Group (MOG) stated in a brief interim report on Friday that the Fijian election campaign was carried out in accordance with international standards. The group acknowledged concerns from the public regarding the integrity of pre-poll ballots and emphasized the importance of closely examining this process. The MOG concluded that the legal framework supporting the electoral system aligns with fundamental international principles such as universal suffrage and non-discrimination. Due to heavy rain disrupting voting in certain locations earlier in the week, election officials rescheduled voting to Saturday, Nov 17, to ensure all eligible votes were included in the final count. | 2 |
The recent actions taken by some US states to impose mandatory quarantines on health workers returning from treating Ebola victims in West Africa have been criticized by health authorities and the United Nations as extreme. The top health official in charge of Washington's response to Ebola warned against treating doctors and nurses who travel to West Africa to combat Ebola as outcasts. The United Nations spoke out against the new restrictions imposed by certain US states on health workers returning from Liberia, Guinea, and Sierra Leone, stating that these individuals should not be stigmatized and should be supported. Additionally, American soldiers returning from West Africa are being isolated, despite showing no symptoms of infection or believed exposure to the virus, in order to reassure their communities of their health safety. The Army has placed around twelve soldiers, including Major General Darryl Williams, in isolation upon their return to their home base in Vicenza, Italy. They are staying in a separate area on the base and are not allowed contact with the general population or their families. Williams emphasized in an interview with Reuters that they are not interacting with Ebola patients, but are instead constructing treatment units to assist in the fight against the epidemic. Dr. Jeff Duchin, Washington State epidemiologist and chairman of the public health committee of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, stated that up to 4,000 U.S. troops may be deployed on the mission, emphasizing that isolation is not appropriate from a public health perspective. The decision to deploy troops goes beyond established military protocols and coincided with the Obama administration's efforts to discourage precautionary quarantines imposed by some states on healthcare workers returning from Ebola-affected countries. US federal health officials have updated guidelines for returning doctors and nurses, with Dr. Thomas Frieden of the CDC calling for isolation of those at highest risk for Ebola but recommending daily monitoring without isolation for most medical workers returning from the epidemic's epicenter. Frieden emphasized that the CDC's decisions are based on science and experience. Frieden stated that guidelines and recommendations will be adjusted as science and experience evolve. The new guidelines from the Obama administration are not obligatory, and states can implement stricter policies if desired. Some states have imposed tougher measures due to concerns about the Ebola threat. Australia recently implemented a ban on visas from Ebola-affected countries in West Africa, despite not having any Ebola cases. Critics argue that the ban is politically motivated and could create unnecessary fear. Medical experts emphasize that Ebola is not easily transmitted and is not airborne. Mandatory quarantines have been criticized by various groups as hindering efforts to combat the disease in West Africa. UN officials have expressed concern that discouraging foreign health workers from assisting in the region would be detrimental. | 2 |
The UK government's new £40 million Disasters and Emergencies Preparedness Programme aims to provide training, simulation exercises, and new disaster monitoring systems to help countries like Bangladesh, Nepal, Ethiopia, and Sudan prepare for future natural disasters. International Development Secretary Justine Greening will announce the programme at the World Bank's Spring Meeting in Washington. Funding will be given to projects that improve the quality and speed of humanitarian responses. Greening emphasizes the need for increased investment in preparedness and resilience due to the growing demands on the global humanitarian system. The programme will work with various networks to organize training programmes in at-risk countries and improve early warning systems through innovative technologies. Additionally, a £20 million fund will be set up for UNICEF and the World Food Programme to enhance disaster planning in high-risk regions. The countries listed will be Afghanistan, Burma, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines, Chad, Madagascar, Central America, Central Asia, African Great Lakes, and the Syria region. An example of the effectiveness of this approach is given by citing how Bangladesh reduced casualties from two similar cyclones from 500,000 in 1972 to 3,400 in 2008. Additionally, the release mentioned that Greening will outline DFID's five key areas for improvement to alleviate the demand for emergency assistance. These areas include: investing more in preparedness and resilience, providing support for local civil society organizations to lead humanitarian responses, allowing recipients to drive aid efforts, and tailoring responses to meet the specific needs of those affected by emergencies. A modern response is required for humanitarian assistance in the 21st Century, involving new and creative methods such as utilizing mobile phones, utilizing advancements like adaptable shelter kits, and providing cash instead of conventional relief supplies to empower individuals to choose what they need most urgently. The development challenge lies in the fact that humanitarian disasters are occurring more frequently in regions with high levels of poverty. It is essential to engage in long-term planning to prevent or reduce the impact of crises in areas prone to regular or prolonged disasters such as food shortages. | 2 |
According to local media reports, a member of the ANC in South Africa has initiated a legal action to delay the party's upcoming conference due to divisions within the leadership and alleged violations of rights. The conflict between supporters of President Thabo Mbeki and Deputy Jacob Zuma leading up to the conference has caused significant rifts within the historically disciplined and united party. Lawyer and ANC member Votani Majola is reportedly seeking an injunction to halt the conference, citing unfair conditions. ANC Secretary-General Kgalema Motlanthe confirmed that the party has been served with legal documents alleging breaches of rights. The article did not provide any specific information, and Motlanthe and ANC spokesperson Smuts Ngonyama were unable to be reached for comment on Thursday. Zuma is currently ahead of Mbeki in the race for ANC leader, which could pave the way for him to become president in 2009, considering the ANC's strong influence in South African politics. Investors are concerned about Zuma's connections to the left, but a senior aide to Mbeki stated on Wednesday that there would likely be minimal changes to South Africa's economic policies no matter who wins. The aide also downplayed worries of instability if Zuma were to come out on top. | 2 |
The global competition over battery technology in the automotive industry is of great importance for automakers, small battery startups, and consumers. As the era of combustion engines comes to an end, car buyers will soon have a wide variety of electric vehicles to choose from, each powered by different types of batteries. The chemical composition of these batteries, once a technical matter for engineers, has now become a major topic of discussion in the corporate offices of major car manufacturers like General Motors, Toyota, Ford Motor, and Volkswagen, as well as in the government. With government support, these companies are partnering with startups to innovate and improve battery technology in order to keep up with the electric car revolution led by companies like Tesla. The success of automakers in mastering battery technology will play a key role in determining their success in the market, as batteries will influence the price and features of new vehicles. Similar to how consumers used to focus on things like megapixels in cameras or processing speeds in computer chips, the key selling point for cars and trucks will now be the features of their batteries. According to Hau Thai-Tang of Ford Motor, the battery in electric vehicles will be the new distinguishing factor among brands. This shift is crucial in the fight against climate change, as batteries will help transition vehicles and the power sector away from fossil fuels. As demand for electric cars rises, automakers are working to improve battery technology and make it more affordable. Today, electric car batteries can account for up to 25-33% of the total cost, with a majority being produced by Asian companies. Even Tesla, a leading electric car manufacturer, depends on Asian suppliers and is looking to increase internal manufacturing. President Joe Biden recently urged companies to shift more of the battery supply chain to the US, a move highlighted by Russia's invasion of Ukraine as strategically important. Volkswagen had to close its main electric vehicle factory in Germany temporarily due to disruptions in the supply of parts from western Ukraine. Major auto companies like Stellantis are investing in startups like Factorial Energy, a small company based near Boston. Factorial Energy is working on developing a battery that charges faster, holds more energy, and is less likely to overheat than current batteries. Co-founder Siyu Huang is focused on creating a safer battery to improve people's lives. Key officials in the Biden administration have expressed their desire to assist in improving battery technologies in the United States, as they have recognized that the country has not effectively utilized innovations in this area. This has led to the growth of a significant battery industry in China. The Energy Department is currently considering providing funding to companies involved in battery production or the supply of necessary components and minerals. The agency has received over 10 applications requesting more than $15 million in total for battery-related projects. Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg recently highlighted the negative impact of a lack of innovation on his hometown of South Bend, Indiana, once the location of the now-defunct Studebaker company. "Innovation is crucial for the auto industry in the past, present, and future, especially with the potential for the United States to lead the electric vehicle revolution," he stated. A significant change that is on the horizon is the composition of batteries, with some automakers such as Tesla and Ford opting for lithium iron phosphate batteries in some vehicles instead of the traditional nickel, manganese, and cobalt batteries used in most electric vehicles. While these LFP batteries may not have the same energy storage capacity per pound, they are more cost-effective and have a longer lifespan. Tesla is planning to use LFP batteries in their shorter-range, lower-priced electric vehicles, while Ford intends to incorporate them in some trucks for fleet owners under the Ion Boost Pro brand. Ford executive Thai-Tang mentioned that the trucks could be used for delivery or by professionals working in a specific area. Ford is partnering with SK Innovation of Korea to manufacture the batteries, with plans to eventually move production to the United States in order to reduce costs and challenges. However, it is noted that the LFP battery is not a comprehensive solution. Vehicles from Tesla that utilize these batteries can travel approximately 270 miles on a single charge, in comparison to around 358 miles for similar models powered by nickel and cobalt batteries. Additionally, LFP batteries may lose some power in freezing temperatures and require longer charging times. Ford's upcoming electric F-150 pickup truck, with 200,000 reservations already made, will use batteries containing a higher proportion of energy-dense nickel from SK Innovation. Tesla has produced 1 million cells for its new "4680" battery, featured in the Model Y crossovers, with CEO Elon Musk claiming a 16 percent increase in range due to its unique honeycomb design. In 2020, he mentioned that something is difficult until it is found, and then it becomes easy. General Motors states that their Ultium battery cell requires 70% less cobalt compared to the cells in the Chevrolet Bolt electric hatchback. They have also included aluminum in their battery design. The GMC Hummer pickup, recently launched by GM, is the first vehicle to utilize this battery technology. GM, in collaboration with LG Chem from South Korea, is constructing a $2.3 billion battery plant in Lordstown, Ohio. It is one of a minimum of 13 significant battery factories being built in the United States. The importance of batteries in auto branding is growing, as evidenced by GM's advertising of Ultium batteries. Ensuring the reliability and safety of these batteries is crucial. GM recently had to recall the Bolt due to a battery defect that could cause fires. Automakers are keen to reduce their dependence on cobalt, as much of it originates from the Congo, where it is mined by Chinese-backed companies or freelance workers, including children. Markus Schäfer, a senior Mercedes executive in charge of research and development, expressed the major concern of the potential violation of human rights, child labor, and difficult conditions for artisan miners. The auto industry is particularly worried about nickel as Russia is a key supplier of the metal. A group of approximately 25 government scientists at Oak Ridge National Lab is working to advance these innovations. They are comparing conventional electric car batteries with a cobalt-free alternative by charging and discharging them over weeks to assess their performance. Ilias Belharouak, in charge of the Oak Ridge Battery Manufacturing Center, has set a goal to reduce battery costs by up to 50%, increase their range to over 300 miles, and decrease charge times to 15 minutes or less. The Energy Department has provided $200 million to fund some of this research, and a "virtual pitchfest" will be held next month for battery designers to present ideas to scientists, government officials, and industry executives. Factorial Energy and other US startups are working on revolutionizing battery construction, rather than simply changing their ingredients. Current batteries use a liquid solution as an electrolyte to allow electricity to flow between components. However, solid-state batteries do not have a liquid electrolyte, making them lighter, able to store more energy, and charge faster. They are also less likely to ignite, requiring less cooling equipment. Many car manufacturers are investing in solid-state technology, with Volkswagen backing QuantumScape in California. BMW and Ford are placing their bets on Solid Power, a company headquartered in Louisville, Colorado. GM has chosen to invest in SolidEnergy Systems, a company originating from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and located in Singapore. The arrival date of solid-state batteries remains uncertain. Stellantis has expressed its aim to launch mass-market vehicles equipped with these batteries by 2026, while other industry executives predict that the technology may not be widely accessible until around 2030. Whichever automaker is the first to introduce solid-state batteries will gain a significant competitive edge. Huang, the co-founder of Factorial, mentioned that she and her partner, Alex Yu, often work through the night to reach technical goals. She is driven by memories of the polluted air in her hometown near Shanghai and the company's mission to work towards a fossil-free future. Factorial, supported by investments from Mercedes-Benz and Hyundai, aims to expand globally despite currently operating on a small scale. Employees in white coats can be seen testing prototype cells in the company's laboratories. Andrew Miller, the chief operating officer at Benchmark Minerals Intelligence, stated that despite the frenzied activity in the auto industry, there could be a struggle to meet the demand for new batteries due to difficulties in mining and processing raw materials, especially lithium. Miller expressed uncertainty about where the necessary raw materials will come from for the ambitious plans announced by various companies in the next three years. | 2 |
The purchase of a greenhouse in Exeter three years ago was expected to bring high-paying jobs and make the community a major hub for Canada's legal pot industry. However, before any of the anticipated jobs were filled or any marijuana seeds were planted, it was clear that Canada was already producing more marijuana than the market demanded. The greenhouse sat empty for two years before being sold for significantly less than its original purchase price. This experience in Exeter reflects the challenges faced by Canada's legal pot industry as a whole, with high expectations followed by disappointment. Analysts attribute this to the tightly regulated distribution system in Canada, which restricts advertising and marketing. The slow opening of stores in certain provinces, especially Ontario, is contributing to the delay. Additionally, surveys indicate that a large number of Canadians are not interested in trying out a new habit. The mayor, George Finch, expressed disappointment, mentioning that they were excited about it but it seems like it was too good to be true. When Prime Minister Justin Trudeau's government legalized marijuana in 2018, the main objective was to achieve a fairer justice system rather than to create a significant new business sector. However, investors had a different perspective, and prior to legalization, there was a surge of interest in the Toronto Stock Exchange known as the "green rush." This led to a influx of funds into companies catering to the Canadian market and looking at opportunities in the US as more states were embracing legalization. Abandoned greenhouses were renovated and sold at high prices, like the one in Exeter, while new indoor growing facilities emerged nationwide. Newspapers, which had been reducing staff, hired journalists to cover the emerging marijuana industry. Similar to the plastics industry in the movie "The Graduate," marijuana was expected to be the next big thing in Canada. The hype around investments in the industry resembled the dot-com stock boom of the late 1990s, but ultimately led to a similar crash. Despite some recovery due to increasing legalization in the United States, with New York legalizing marijuana recently and four states voting for legalization in November, one marijuana stock index remains significantly lower than its peak in 2018. Even 2 1/2 years after legalization, most marijuana producers in Canada are still experiencing substantial financial losses. A significant new rival is on the horizon; Mexico recently approved the use of recreational marijuana. This could make the business environment even more difficult for Canadian growers. According to Kyle Murray, vice dean at the University of Alberta School of Business, there may be a series of industry shakeouts ahead. The situation is reminiscent of the dot-com boom and subsequent bust. Canopy Growth, the largest producer in Canada, reported a loss of CA$1.2 billion in the first nine months of its current operating year. Layoffs have affected the industry, leading to mergers among large producers in an effort to increase strength through size. Many greenhouses in various provinces have permanently shut down. Analysts had high hopes for the marijuana industry in Canada, expecting sales to follow a similar trend to the sharp increase in liquor sales in the United States after Prohibition ended. However, the industry has not progressed as quickly as anticipated, according to Brendan Kennedy, CEO of Tilray, a major grower based in Nanaimo, British Columbia, which reported a $272 million loss last year. Kennedy is one of the few remaining leaders in Canada's marijuana industry, facing challenges in competing with the illicit market due to strict regulations. Despite losses and stock declines forcing many pioneers out, Kennedy will continue as a director after a planned merger between Tilray and Aphria, creating potentially the world's largest cannabis company. In Ontario, initial plans to sell marijuana through government-owned liquor stores were scrapped by a new Conservative government in 2018, leaving online sales as the only option. The province has modified its plans twice since then, resulting in a inconsistent rollout of privately owned shops. Despite a recent uptick in licensing, Ontario has only given approval for 575 shops, while Alberta, with a smaller population, has 583 shops. Although initial expectations for marijuana profits were too high, Murray believes a successful business will eventually develop, as evidenced by the increasing number of shops in Ontario. The fact that prices have become more competitive with street prices will also benefit legal sales. Murray mentioned that the poor start does not indicate a bad market. He noted that initially there was an excess of money and companies involved, but eventually some companies will become very successful and possibly global leaders. One positive aspect is the growth in legal marijuana sales in British Columbia, which was previously known for its illegal marijuana industry. Sales in legal stores in the region increased by 24% from June to October 2020. In Quebec, the government-owned cannabis store operator, Société Québécoise du Cannabis, initially lost nearly CA$5 million in its first fiscal year but has since become profitable. Despite disappointment among larger growers in Canada, some are looking to foreign markets, particularly for medical marijuana, as their next opportunity. However, many analysts are doubtful. Brent McKnight, a professor at McMaster University, believes Mexico's move towards creating the world's largest legal market could pose a threat to marijuana growing in Canada. Trade agreements may make it difficult for Canada to limit imports from Mexico, which has lower labor costs and a warmer climate, potentially giving it a competitive edge. He stated that this would cause prices to decrease for local growers. There are concerns about the impact of Canada's industry consolidation on smaller players as large publicly traded companies take control. Prior to legalization, non-profit "compassion clubs" were selling cannabis to those using it for medicinal purposes. Dr. Daniel Werb from St. Michael's Hospital in Toronto, a public health researcher and drug policy analyst, mentioned that the current system favoring corporate growers has marginalized individuals from minority communities. Research has shown a lack of diversity in the leadership of legal suppliers. Vendors in Indigenous communities have also been in a state of uncertainty, not typically targeted in police raids but also operating outside of the legal framework. Ontario has started licensing shops in some of these communities, but there are concerns about the lack of diversity and creativity in the cannabis industry. Werb expressed worry about the missed opportunity to approach the industry in a more innovative way. | 2 |
South African President Thabo Mbeki expressed his belief that Zimbabwe President Robert Mugabe will resign peacefully, emphasizing the importance of ensuring free and fair elections in Zimbabwe next year. Mbeki, appointed by the Southern African Development Community (SADC) to lead mediation efforts in Zimbabwe, stated in an interview with the Financial Times on Tuesday that he is optimistic Mugabe will eventually step down. In an interview, it was mentioned that President Mugabe and the leadership of ZANU-PF believe they are governing a democratic country. The opposition is also elected and has the ability to run municipal government in Harare and Bulawayo. Mbeki was appointed by SADC to mediate between Mugabe and the opposition MDC after a violent crackdown on political opponents. Despite suggestions that Zimbabwe's neighbors could enforce change in the country, the South African leader stated that they do not have the means to do so and suggested a joint approach by African leaders could lead to a settlement. Mbeki stated that his office has already been in communication with both of the MDC's main factions and ZANU-PF in order to establish a negotiating framework for the upcoming elections next year, where Mugabe has already been chosen as the ZANU-PF candidate. Mbeki mentioned that the future discussions will likely revolve around the MDC's requests for legal and electoral reforms, particularly regarding the strict media and security laws that critics believe Mugabe has utilized to strengthen his control in the country. Mbeki explained in an online transcript of his interview that based on previous interactions with the MDC, they are expected to raise concerns about legislation concerning the media and public gatherings. He added that there may be a need for ZANU-PF to address these issues and eventually come together to agree on measures to create an environment conducive to free and fair elections. The principal leader of the MDC, Morgan Tsvangirai, expressed willingness to participate in any election that is guaranteed to be free and fair. He emphasized that quick action from Mbeki is needed to create the necessary conditions for this to happen. The SADC, which has been criticized in the West for ignoring Mugabe's crackdown, hopes that Mbeki's appointment will facilitate direct talks between Mugabe and the MDC, despite previous failed attempts to broker a political agreement. The West accuses Mugabe, who has been in power since Zimbabwe gained independence from Britain in 1980, of authoritarianism and economic mismanagement. Mugabe, on the other hand, claims he is being punished for redistributing white-owned farms to landless blacks. | 2 |
Trained in soldering, she had hoped to pursue a career in electrical work but instead spent her time hemming saris for her husband's tailor shop in Pune, India. However, two years ago, she was able to secure a job in the growing electric vehicle sector. Kumbhar's ambition, previously hindered by motherhood and safety concerns, has now been realized as she works in a factory assembling circuits for EV speedometers. This job marks her first formal employment with a fixed salary. She is part of a small but increasing number of women seizing opportunities in India's expanding EV industry, driven by rising sales and government policies promoting cleaner energy. Despite challenges such as safety issues and lack of charging stations, the demand for EVs is surpassing supply, leading to more job opportunities for women in a traditionally male-dominated industry. Kumbhar expressed her satisfaction with her stable job and financial independence while working in an all-female shop-floor at Kinetic Communications, a manufacturer of EV components and a subsidiary of Indian auto-maker Kinetic Group. She mentioned to the Thomson Reuters Foundation that her soldering skills are impressive and that she may be in line for a promotion, which has always been her aspiration. The factory where she works has a workforce that is predominantly made up of women, which is uncommon in India where only 20% of women are employed. India has one of the lowest rates of female participation in the workforce globally, with only 47% of women employed or seeking employment compared to 74% of men. The gender gap in India was further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, with nearly half of women losing their jobs in both formal and informal sectors during lockdowns and not returning to work by the end of 2020, according to research. Over the past two years, there has been a significant increase in sales of electric vehicles in India, leading to more opportunities for women in manufacturing, design, and leadership roles. Unlike traditional manufacturing of internal combustion engine vehicles which requires heavy machinery, electric vehicle companies focus on electronics, assembly, software, and design - areas where women have more widely available skill-sets, according to industry analysts. Labour rights advocates see women's advantage in the electric vehicle industry as a chance to improve their pay and status in the workplace. Rashmi Urdhwareshe, president of the Society of Automotive Engineers, pointed out that startups in the electric vehicle industry are introducing new ideas and are not constrained by conventional male-dominated workforces like traditional auto companies. Companies like Ola Cabs and Piaggio have recently established all-women shop-floors in their Indian factories. Kinetic Green, Hero Electric, and Ather Energy are planning to expand their operations and hire predominantly women. Esmito Solutions and major EV manufacturers Kinetic Green and Mahindra Electric are led by women, as is the energy transition company of the federal power ministry. Urdhwareshe, one of the few women in India's automotive industry in the 1980s, believes that women have the necessary mindset to overcome the challenges of a growing business due to their focus on safety and value for money. However, she notes that there are still not enough women in the industry, but those who are present serve as examples for others. The Mahindra e2oPlus, operated by Ola, is pictured at an electric vehicle charging station in Nagpur, India on Jan 24, 2018. REUTERS/Aditi Shah captured the moment when Mahindra's e2oPlus, used by Ola in India, was seen at an electric vehicle charging station in Nagpur on January 24, 2018. Prabhjot Kaur, the CEO of Esmito, a startup that produces batteries and battery-swapping stations for electric vehicles, recalls facing bias in meetings where she was often the only woman present. Despite being mistaken for a secretary, Kaur confidently took the floor to make her presentations, leaving a lasting impression on those who underestimated her. Sulajja Firodia Motwani, the CEO of Kinetic Green, has also experienced similar challenges in her career. After completing her education at university and returning from the United States in the mid-1990s, she joined her family's automotive business. However, she was met with skepticism from the staff who believed she was just a privileged daughter who would not stay for long. Motwani, 51, and Kaur have encountered challenges that are common for women in the electric vehicle corporate world, such as a lack of female facilities and not being taken seriously by colleagues. On a more positive note, many female leaders and workers on the shop floor shared that their parents, especially their fathers, were supportive and encouraged them to pursue their aspirations. Kaur, who grew up in Rajpura, a small town in Punjab state, credits her determination to her experience of being the only girl in a karate class of 50 teenagers. Kaur initially did not want to go, but her father convinced her to go. Despite feeling angry about the situation, she channeled that emotion into becoming the best student. This experience also taught her not to be afraid of her surroundings, especially large groups of men. As a child, Motwani spent time in her grandfather's office drawing on its walls. Even after obtaining a degree from Carnegie Mellon University, she still had to demonstrate her skills and prove herself in the industry. Motwani expressed her gratitude for the platform she was given by stating that she returned to work only four days after giving birth to her baby. She recalls her early days when she traveled to 200 districts to familiarize herself with the firm's dealership network. In addition to female CEOs, there are many women factory workers like Nasreen Banu, who at 25, became the first woman in her family to pursue education and secure a job. She works as a production supervisor on the battery assembly line at Ather, a scooter manufacturer, and is determined to challenge stereotypes about what women are capable of. Despite the belief that girls cannot lift a 25 kg battery, she confidently does so and expresses her love for the job. In New Delhi, Mahua Acharya leads Convergence Energy Services Limited (CESL), an energy transition company under the federal power ministry, promoting e-mobility for all. With a background in environmental management from Yale and experience in green finance, renewable energy, and carbon markets, Acharya sees leading CESL as a chance to increase the presence of electric vehicles on Indian roads. She focuses on developing business models and creative strategies to increase the number of EVs on the road. Government incentives and tax benefits have led to a rise in EV production and sales, with about a million currently on the road, making up nearly 2% of all vehicles in India. CESL aims to boost these numbers by expanding charging stations, providing easy loans for buyers, and ordering public transport vehicles in bulk to lower costs. However, Acharya's goal of achieving scale is hindered by challenges such as vehicle shortages, limited battery and semiconductor supplies, safety concerns, and a lack of charging stations powered by fossil fuels. She, as a female leading the government's efforts to promote e-mobility, has not personally experienced any bias, even though she is often the only woman in meetings with 15 men. In her view, women bring attention to issues that men overlook, such as emphasizing the need for EV charging stations to be located in safe areas rather than just focusing on electricity and land availability. Some in the industry appreciate the unique perspective and insights that women bring. Sohinder Singh Gill, CEO of Hero Electric and director general of the Society of Manufacturers of Electric Vehicles, mentioned that discussions are more flexible and inclusive with women compared to men, who can be more competitive. During a meeting with male representatives from major auto brands eight years ago, the conversation solely focused on cars and Tesla, which made Motwani question the narrow scope of the discussion. She raised her voice above the noise to point out that in India, 90% of people used two- and three-wheeled vehicles or buses, with only 10% driving cars. Her persistence led to the Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers creating a focus group on two and three-wheelers, which she was asked to lead. This opportunity allowed her to have a positive impact on India's new policy for electric vehicles, focusing on environmentally friendly transportation for the masses. Despite concerns about safety, the growing demand for EVs in India has created excitement in the industry, with CEOs of EV companies optimistic that the sector will make up 30% of all vehicle sales before India's target year of 2030. Policy experts are praising the unprecedented efforts of Indian states to promote the switch to electric vehicles, which is expected to help reduce crude oil import costs and move India closer to its goal of achieving net zero emissions by 2070, as stated at the COP26 summit in Glasgow last November. However, despite the positive image portrayed by new EV users on social media, the industry is facing significant challenges such as e-scooters catching fire and a shortage of charging points, leading to a decline in consumer confidence. For example, Delhi resident Dolly Maurya, 26, recently purchased an electric rickshaw with a state subsidy, but she worries about the lack of charging stations in the city, with only around 600 available. She is concerned about what she would do if the battery runs out while she is out and how she would get the vehicle home. Maurya, who is looking to use the vehicle for part-time work while preparing for a government job entrance test, asked about concerns among EV users as sales increase. Esmito's Kaur is troubled by recent cases of e-scooters catching fire and believes it is worrisome for the industry's growth. Kaur, who plans to expand her manufacturing operations currently located in the IIT research park in Chennai, is also the founder of the Centre for Battery Engineering and Electric Vehicles. She collaborates with auto companies to develop safer batteries as an alternative to fossil fuel engines, emphasizing the need for more research and development in this area. She explained that most companies, numbering over 400, import parts and then assemble them. She emphasized the importance of adapting everything to fit their environment and needs. Kinetic Green's Motwani partnered with non-profit groups and states to support the building of a consumer base from scratch five years ago. They subsidized electric three-wheeler rickshaws as a new source of income for women in insurgency-hit Dantewada in eastern India, and bicycle rickshaw pullers in northern Uttar Pradesh state. Motwani highlighted that they presented electric vehicles as a way to earn a living with minimal operating costs. She mentioned that individuals could operate the e-rickshaw and make 1,000 rupees ($13) per day, with the company taking care of servicing. Motwani, who believes in the Hindi saying "jo dikhta hai woh bikta hai (what you see, sells)", was seated next to a cabinet displaying numerous business leadership awards. Acharya from the federal government is advocating for state agencies that run public buses to hire more female drivers. She believes that this job offers good pay, set hours, and the certainty of when they can return home, which is something women desire. The Delhi government has recently eliminated height requirements for bus drivers to encourage more women to apply, as well as waived the 15,000 rupee fee for heavy vehicle driving licenses for women. Additionally, the city has introduced e-rickshaws, with a third of the subsidized vehicles reserved for women like Maurya. Delhi transport minister Kailash Gahlot stated that the initiative focuses on providing women with job opportunities and promoting the adoption of electric vehicles to enhance safety and encourage more people to use public transport. In addition to financial benefits, the increasing sales of electric vehicles in India are driven by concerns about climate change, rising fuel prices, and transportation challenges in the midst of the pandemic. For example, Mumbai resident Rajni Arun Kumar, 43, switched from using public transport to an orange e-scooter for her daily commute and taking her unvaccinated children to their activities due to concerns about crowded spaces during COVID-19. However, she is currently seeking a charging point nearby because the closest one is 3 km (1.86 miles) away and requires navigating through a traffic jam. She believes that there needs to be a point where people start taking action to help protect the environment. Companies are aware that women like Kumar play a significant role in making household purchasing decisions. According to Hero Electric's Gill, e-scooters are preferred by more women than traditional scooters because they eliminate the need for trips to fuel stations and are easier to handle. Indian women, who are price-conscious, also prioritize practical features when making purchases, as stated by Prerana Chaturvedi, co-founder and CEO of Evolet India, an EV startup located near Delhi in Gurgaon. Chaturvedi, a former military aviator in the Indian Air Force, stated that the scooter from Ather has a lower seat height and clean edges to prevent scarves and saris from getting tangled. He believes that electric vehicles should be easy to operate, similar to cell phones. Ather's factory is located off the highway connecting Chennai to Bengaluru, passing through the industrial town of Hosur and rose plantations. Banu, who works at Ather, comes from a village in Bhatkal, Karnataka, and appreciates the independence her job has provided. Despite wanting to work in a bank or office, her father encouraged her to join the auto industry, believing she could do anything boys could do. She talked about her admiration for her "hero" as tears welled up in her eyes while working on batteries, which are crucial for an electric scooter. Banu, who holds a diploma in electrical engineering and electronics, is one of many who have completed courses at industrial training institutes before entering the workforce to enhance their skills. TeamLease Digital, a recruitment agency that identifies talent for EV companies, reported a 30% increase in hiring of both men and women in the past two years, with a projected 40% growth by the end of 2022. The government anticipates that the EV sector will generate 750,000 jobs in the next five years. Munira Loliwala, the business head at TeamLease Digital, estimated that there have been over 200,000 new job opportunities in the past six months alone, with a particular demand for women. "It's similar to when mobile manufacturing started in India. Women were needed for handling small pieces delicately due to their thinner, more agile fingers," she explained. Likewise, chip manufacturing for electric vehicles involves precise soldering, welding, and assembly, increasing the demand for women in both shop-floor and design and production roles. "Women leaders are already motivating many to join," Loliwala added. While welcoming the new job opportunities for women, labor and gender advocates emphasized the need for electric vehicle companies to implement strong measures to protect labor rights and ensure equal pay. In industries like clothing, which also predominantly employs women, female workers are often chosen because they are seen as easier and cheaper to hire. Preeti Oza, coordinator of the non-profit Centre for Labour Research and Action, explained that women are often paid less than men for the same job, which helps to keep production costs low and leads to fewer issues for employers. She noted that women tend to rush home after work, are less likely to collectively voice their demands, and are hesitant to join unions, which makes them preferred hires. However, Banu is an exception as she is determined to continue working even after getting married, finding comfort in the compact Ather factory where she feels at home. She fondly remembers the day she confidently told her father she could dismantle an Ather scooter and put it back together at the bus station. She said he chuckled loudly and mentioned that the owner could potentially be offended. He was very pleased with her accomplishments. | 2 |
Every fall, on the third Thursday of November, wine producers from the Beaujolais region release the first bottles of the year's harvest in the annual "Le Beaujolais Nouveau est arrivé" campaign, which began in the 1960s. Alain Fontaine, owner of Le Mesturet, described this day as a day of rebirth after facing numerous crises. He offered free glasses of Beaujolais to customers outside his Paris restaurant, where Parisians enjoyed the wine, despite its reputation for being inexpensive. Felix, an employee at the French national library, described Beaujolais as a nice, affordable wine, although it may not be the most prestigious grand cru. Wine producers in France are feeling less optimistic due to the country's expected lowest wine production on record. Various factors such as spring frost, hail, and disease have affected vineyards, causing the farm ministry to predict a total production significantly below the average of the past five years. The Burgundy-Beaujolais region has been particularly impacted, with output expected to be nearly half of normal levels. Despite the challenges faced this year, winemaker Julien Revillon in Villie-Morgon, north of Lyon, emphasized the hard work required to salvage the harvest, which ultimately resulted in a 30% loss. Despite the disappointing output, Revillon noted that people are still very attached to the Beaujolais tradition, viewing it as a chance to reconnect with others after months of isolation. During challenging times, individuals tend to cling to customs. Despite being in a war or a pandemic, the desire to celebrate holidays like Christmas or events like the Beaujolais Nouveau remains strong. A 90-year-old Parisian woman named Marie-Francoise, who was initially not fond of the new Beaujolais due to its tartness, eventually had a change of heart after trying it again. She now believes it is an excellent wine, even stating that there is no better Beaujolais. she spoke. | 2 |
At 40 years old, Hamila is a business owner in London who fondly recalls the excitement of the holiday season. She and her father used to bring a whole sheep back to their apartment, where the women would gather to clean the innards and trotters in the bathtub. Hamila reminisces about the specific order in which they would eat the meat, saving the organs for the first day of Eid al-Adha, the head and trotters for the second day, and finally making kebabs, tagines, or grills on the third day after the meat had rested. Eid al-Adha, also known as the Festival of Sacrifice, is the second major Islamic holiday of the year and corresponds with the Hajj pilgrimage. It honors the prophet Ibrahim's willingness to sacrifice his son Ismail at the request of Allah. As stated in the Quran, God provided a ram for Ibrahim to sacrifice instead. Traditionally, people in the Islamic world have sacrificed a lamb, goat, cow, or camel at home and distributed it among the less fortunate, friends, relatives, and immediate family. However, home butchering of animals is now prohibited in many countries, including parts of the Arab world where a significant portion of the Muslim population resides. Meat remains a key component of Eid al-Adha, known colloquially as Eid al-Lahm or Festival of Meat by many Arabs. However, as traditional celebrations begin to fade, particularly for Arab Muslims living outside of their home countries, people are finding new ways to observe this holiday, which is known for its emphasis on food. Areej Bazzari, a digital marketing director at Salesforce in San Francisco, recalls the breakfast tradition in Saudi Arabia and Jordan where her family enjoyed a variety of offal dishes prepared in different ways such as braised with garlic, fried with onion and spices, or mixed with eggs. Bazzari fondly remembers the teamwork involved in preparing these meals. Bazzari fondly recalls her family's lively debates over who would get to sit in front of which plate of organ meat during Eid celebrations at home. Since moving to Sonoma County in 2000, her Palestinian family has had difficulty finding fresh organ meat, so they rarely prepare it. When her father does manage to find fresh heart or kidneys, they incorporate it with other cuts of meat to uphold the tradition, though not as abundantly as they did in Saudi Arabia. Bazzari appreciates how her Eid al-Adha celebrations have adapted over time, drawing on childhood memories and new cultural traditions learned from friends in the United States. Eid al-Adha festivities for her now typically involve a large gathering of extended family and friends, complete with decorations and a variety of dishes, including unique options like fattehs, shushbarak, and manaqeesh. Dessert is always a special treat from her home country, with her parents bringing back traditional sweets from Saudi Arabia or Jordan each year. Ka’ak and ma’amoul, classic holiday cookies in the Arab world, are a must-have on the dessert table. This year, Hamila's dessert spread will feature cookies filled with dates or nuts. However, her signature dish for the upcoming holiday season will be mechoui, a slow-cooked leg of lamb that holds significance beyond just its delicious taste. She plans to serve lighter side dishes such as salads and vegetables since it is the middle of summer. The date for this year's Eid al-Adha is tentatively scheduled for July 20, but the exact date varies due to the Islamic calendar being based on lunar sightings. In the past, Eid al-Adha was celebrated during cooler weather, but now it moves through the seasons over time. In the last five years, the holiday has taken place during the summer, affecting food choices. Hamila values the changes from the usual traditions and believes that traditions should be flexible. She emphasizes the importance of participating in festivities and connecting with the essence of the occasion. Sumaya Obaid, a chef and TV personality from the United Arab Emirates, remembers her childhood when neighbors, regardless of differences in race or social status, would come together to slaughter sheep for Eid al-Adha, then clean and distribute the meat. She mentioned that with the changes in laws and people no longer slaughtering animals at home, the sense of community and togetherness during butchering and cleaning has disappeared. However, other aspects of Eid celebration, such as the traditional dish Machboos el-Eid, are still preserved in the Emirates. The saffron-spiced lamb dish is made with a unique blend of spices that vary from family to family, and women take pride in selecting fresh spices from the market to prepare at home before the celebration. “I will only give it to my daughter because it is a highly confidential family secret,” said Obaid, emphasizing the essence of generosity in Eid al-Adha meals. He expressed his hope that one day they would share their family's machboos with their guest. Cover the mixture and let it sit at room temperature overnight or for a few hours so the semolina can soften and absorb the butter and oil. The next day or after a few hours, add nigella seeds, aniseed, fennel, baking powder, yeast, sugar, and salt to the mixture and gently mix together with your hands. Then add 1/2 cup of warm water and knead the dough gently for no more than 2 minutes. The mixture may still be crumbly at this stage. Add the remaining 1/2 cup of water gradually in 1-tablespoon increments, kneading for about 1 minute after each addition. Be careful not to over-knead. You may need to adjust the amount of water based on factors like climate or flour. The goal is to achieve dough that holds together when rolled into a log. Cover the mixture and allow it to sit while you get the filling ready. To prepare the filling, line a medium baking sheet with either plastic wrap or parchment paper and grease it with oil. Pour some oil into a small bowl to use for greasing your hands as needed. Combine the date paste and cinnamon in a bowl and knead them together slightly with greased hands until evenly mixed. Grease your hands and divide the filling into approximately 35 portions, each the size of a golf ball. Roll each portion into a thin string about 4 to 5 inches long on a flat surface. Place the strings on a greased baking sheet and cover with plastic wrap until ready to use. The filling can sit at room temperature for a couple of days without any problems. Step 6: Begin making the cookies by preheating the oven to 400 degrees and lining a few baking sheets with parchment paper. Take a piece of dough about the size of a golf ball, keeping the remaining dough covered to prevent it from drying out, and roll it into a sausage shape approximately 4 inches long using your palms or a flat surface. Gently flatten the dough with your fingers and place a date string on top, cutting it to fit the dough as needed. Cut off pieces can be used to lengthen shorter pieces or combined to create additional filling strings. Wrap the dough around the date filling and roll it on a flat surface to form a slightly longer, thin sausage shape measuring 8 to 9 inches in length. Position one end slightly over the other to create a ring shape. Use a thin object like a chopstick to press down through the overlapping ends to securely attach them and prevent them from separating while baking. Arrange the dough and filling on the lined baking sheet and repeat until all of it is used. Bake the cookies until they are a pale golden brown, usually 15 to 18 minutes. Let them cool for at least 15 minutes before transferring to a wire rack to cool completely. Once completely cooled, store in an airtight container. Cookies can be stored for 2 to 3 weeks in an airtight container at room temperature, or up to 3 months in the freezer. To make date paste, you can either purchase it from a Middle Eastern grocery store or make it at home by kneading pitted Medjool dates with olive oil by hand. Avoid using a food processor as it will make the dates sticky and hard to remove. The Sajiyeh recipe serves 2 to 4 people and takes a total of 40 minutes to prepare. Ingredients include olive oil, beef, Lebanese seven-spice blend, sea salt, onion, bell peppers, and jalapeños. Serve with Saj bread, pita, naan, or flour tortillas. Heat olive oil in a cast-iron pan over medium heat until it is shimmering and hot, but not smoking. Add the strips of meat, spice blend, and 1 teaspoon of salt. Cook, stirring occasionally, until all the released water evaporates and the meat begins to brown on all sides, which should take about 10 minutes. After the meat has browned, add 1/2 cup of water, cover the pan, and continue cooking until the water has evaporated again and the oil is visibly released, which should take about 5 to 7 minutes. Continue with the steps: Pour in another 1/2 cup of water, cover the pot, and allow the mixture to cook until the water evaporates and oil starts to release. Then, add the onion, pepper, jalapeños, and the remaining 1/2 teaspoon of salt. Cook uncovered, stirring frequently, until the onions are browned and the meat begins to soften, which should take about 4 minutes. Add an additional 1/2 cup of water and continue cooking uncovered, stirring occasionally, until some of the liquid evaporates and a thick sauce coats the meat and vegetables, approximately 3 minutes. Remove from heat and serve right away with bread to soak up the meat and gravy. A helpful tip is to substitute the seven-spice blend with a mixture of ground allspice, ground cinnamon, ground black pepper, ground cumin, and nutmeg. | 2 |
Lawyers specializing in civil rights stated on Monday that federal prosecutors are unlikely to pursue charges against Zimmerman, who is white and Hispanic, for shooting Martin, an unarmed black teenager, unless new evidence shows racial malice was a factor. In Sanford, Florida, a jury acquitted Zimmerman of second-degree murder and manslaughter in the 2012 shooting death of Martin. Defense attorneys argued that Zimmerman acted in self-defense when he shot the 17-year-old. Both state and federal courts require a unanimous jury or a judge's decision to convict a defendant beyond a reasonable doubt. The jury's verdict of not guilty for second-degree murder indicates they did not believe Zimmerman acted with ill will, spite, or hatred. Attorney General Eric Holder stated that the Justice Department is still considering whether to bring federal civil rights charges against Zimmerman. Similar to high-profile cases such as the Rodney King beating and the Sean Bell shooting, the Martin case highlights the federal government's role in enforcing civil rights. Al Sharpton and other preachers are planning a news conference at the Justice Department headquarters to push for Zimmerman's prosecution, believing he racially profiled Martin before shooting him. The hate crimes law passed in 2009 is the law that federal prosecutors would likely use against Zimmerman. It is necessary for prosecutors to demonstrate that an individual caused physical harm "due to the actual or perceived race" of the victim, a requirement that, while clear, can be difficult to meet. According to William Yeomans, a former civil rights lawyer at the Justice Department, the challenging aspect is always proving the perpetrator's state of mind, as the law mandates that there was racial motivation and that the defendant was thinking in racial terms. Samuel Bagenstos, who worked in the Civil Rights Division during President Obama's first term, stated that the government typically relies on evidence such as the attacker's racial slurs during the incident or a consistent pattern of targeting a specific race. He mentioned that in these types of cases, the defendant often makes statements directly referencing the victim's race during the attack, which is stronger evidence than what has been presented against Zimmerman so far. Zimmerman mentioned Martin's race to a police dispatcher only after being asked, and a juror in his trial stated that she did not believe race played a role in the encounter. Unlike the Rodney King case, there was no video evidence of the incident with Martin. The Justice Department later used video footage to try the officers involved in the King case on federal charges. Prosecutors closely examined the baton strikes on King, focusing on those delivered after he had already been restrained according to the video evidence. The conviction of two officers by a second jury helped alleviate tensions in the racially charged atmosphere in the US, which had led to riots. Wayne Budd, who supervised the prosecution of the LAPD officers, expressed doubts about proving racial bias in Zimmerman's case based on the available evidence. Terree Bowers, the US attorney during the 1993 trial, noted that prosecutors were able to strengthen their case in the second trial. He expressed uncertainty about the Justice Department's ability to take similar action against Zimmerman. Holder, the head of the US law enforcement and appointed by Obama, mentioned the challenge of proving racial motivation in April 2012. He emphasized the high standard required to bring federal charges and acknowledged the difficulties faced by prosecutors in this case. The Justice Department statement on Sunday also mentioned the limitations of civil rights laws. A benefit for prosecutors is a modification in the hate-crimes law in 2009 that removed the need to prove a link between the crime and a federally protected activity, such as voting. A Justice Department representative declined to comment on whether prosecutors had called a federal grand jury to review evidence about Zimmerman, which could suggest increased involvement on their part. | 2 |
Myanmar's military regime continued to arrest more individuals following the departure of a U.N. envoy who had visited the country in an attempt to stop the violent crackdown on protests that had sparked international condemnation. Witnesses reported that several truckloads of detainees were removed from downtown Yangon, where recent protests against military rule and economic struggles had taken place. In one area near the Shwedagon Pagoda, a young girl revealed that her parents had been taken by authorities, leaving her behind with a warning not to flee. The arrests occurred in the middle of the night, with many residents forced out of their homes onto the streets. The crackdown in Myanmar continued despite some optimism regarding progress made by U.N. special envoy Ibrahim Gambari in his efforts to persuade junta chief Than Shwe to ease his control and engage in discussions with detained opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi. Singapore, as the chair of ASEAN, expressed satisfaction with the cooperation provided by the Myanmar government to Gambari. Gambari, currently in Singapore on his way back to New York, was expected to return to Myanmar in early November, according to U.N. sources. However, it was uncertain how effective his mission and international pressure would be in influencing the policies of a junta that typically ignores external pressure and rarely allows access to U.N. officials. "I don't anticipate much progress from this situation." David Steinberg, an expert on Myanmar from Georgetown University, believes that the top leadership in Myanmar is deeply entrenched in their views and unlikely to change. He mentioned that the leadership often claims they are on the path to democracy and questions what more people want. Steinberg referred to the junta's "seven-step road to democracy," with the first step completed in September following a 14-year national convention. Critics argue that the resulting constitution will further entrench military rule and prevent Suu Kyi from holding office. The recent protests, which have been the largest challenge to the junta in two decades, began with small demonstrations against fuel price increases and escalated after troops fired upon a group of monks. The junta claims that the monk-led protests, which spanned five city blocks, were met with minimal force and that Yangon and other cities had returned to normal. They acknowledge 10 deaths, dismissing reports of higher casualties as lies, although Australian Foreign Minister Alexander Downer believes the true number is likely much higher. Despite this, the junta believes it has successfully quelled the uprising, removing barricades around key protest sites and easing the curfew. Additionally, 80 monks and 149 women suspected to be nuns, who were detained in raids last week, have been released. Five local reporters, including one from Japan's Tokyo Shimbun newspaper, were released, but there was still a heavy presence of armed forces in the streets of Yangon and Mandalay, according to witnesses. The military regime is also sending groups to search homes for hiding monks, a move that Western diplomats say is instilling fear among the population. International outrage continues over the violent crackdown on peaceful protests, with the U.N. Human Rights Council in Geneva - including China, the junta's ally - condemning the actions. The Council also called for the U.N. human rights envoy to Myanmar, Paulo Sergio Pinheiro, to be allowed to visit the country for the first time in four years. He mentioned that thousands of individuals had been arrested. Pinheiro stressed the importance of uncovering the truth about the situation. The council passed a resolution expressing disapproval of the violence. Myanmar accused powerful nations of using the hearing for political gain. | 2 |
The country that is the second-worst affected by the pandemic recently decided to resume international passenger flights from high-risk countries while implementing stricter border screening measures. Following the World Health Organization's declaration of the new variant as concerning, Prime Minister Modi emphasized the importance of monitoring all international arrivals, testing them according to guidelines, and focusing on high-risk countries. The Omicron variant, first identified in South Africa, is believed to spread more rapidly than other variants. India has seen a decrease in new cases due to increased vaccinations and antibodies from previous infections, with daily cases dropping by half since September. It was announced that there were 8,318 new cases reported in the past day. The emergence of a new variant, which has a spike protein that varies greatly from the original coronavirus strain that current vaccines target, has caused concern worldwide and led to anxiety in financial markets. Modi emphasized the importance of increased caution and adherence to safety measures such as mask-wearing and social distancing. He stressed the need to take preemptive action in response to the new variant and instructed for ongoing intensive containment and surveillance in areas with higher case numbers, as well as providing technical assistance to states experiencing a surge in cases. Modi instructed officials to speed up the administration of second vaccine doses. | 2 |
However, the new initiative, prompted by Germany's revelation that Chancellor Angela Merkel's phone had been monitored, may struggle to succeed as it faces numerous obstacles. It would not be effective for Germans accessing websites hosted on foreign servers like Facebook or Google. Additionally, Deutsche Telekom may struggle to gain support from rival broadband groups who are hesitant to share network information. Furthermore, the initiative goes against the current structure of the Internet where global traffic flows freely between networks without regard for national borders. If more countries isolate themselves, it could lead to a problematic fragmentation of the Internet, jeopardizing its openness and efficiency that have driven economic growth. In countries like China and Iran, governments use controls to restrict internet traffic by setting up firewalls and blocking social media sites like Facebook and Twitter. According to Torsten Gerpott, a professor at the University of Duisburg-Essen, it is unusual for the internet traffic of a developed country to bypass another country's servers. Deutsche Telekom, partially owned by the government, has received support for its efforts to provide customers with more choices, including a new email encryption service that routes traffic only through domestic servers. Government surveillance is a sensitive issue in Germany due to its strict privacy laws and the history of eavesdropping by the Stasi secret police in the former East Germany. Chancellor Merkel has called for the US to agree to a "no-spying" deal with Berlin and Paris by the end of the year. However, experts believe that the rhetoric surrounding the issue may not lead to significant practical changes, as the majority of Germany's internet traffic already stays within its borders. Additionally, some experts have raised concerns about Deutsche Telekom's approach to internet traffic, which may conflict with efforts to keep data within Germany. German internet traffic passing through London or Amsterdam could be intercepted by foreign spies, potentially costing less or being free. Thomas Kremer, the executive overseeing data privacy and legal matters for the German operator, mentioned the need for connection agreements with three more operators to enable national routing. If this doesn't happen, Kremer suggested a legislative solution might be necessary. He emphasized that traffic between senders and receivers in the Schengen area or Germany should not be routed through other countries. Telefonica Germany is currently in initial talks with other groups about national routing. A Vodafone spokesperson stated that they are currently assessing the Deutsche Telekom proposal to determine how it could be implemented. Despite presenting itself as a reliable protector of user data, Deutsche Telekom has a mixed track record on privacy. In a scandal in 2008 known as Telekomgate, Klaus Trzeschan, a security manager at the company, was sentenced to three and a half years in prison for monitoring phone calls of the company's executives, board members, and journalists. A Deutsche Telekom spokesperson mentioned that this incident prompted the company to prioritize privacy and security measures in recent years, claiming that they are now the industry leader in terms of customer trust. Data centers are essential for online services to function smoothly. While routers and switches can control the flow of data, popular web companies do not prioritize location when selecting data center sites. Factors like cheap power, cool climates, and high-speed broadband networks play a bigger role in decision-making. For example, a Munich resident using Facebook to chat with a friend in Berlin may have their data routed through a data center thousands of kilometers away. European users' profiles may not be stored in the same data center where their activities are processed for efficiency. Similarly, emails sent through Google's Gmail service may be routed through different data centers in various countries. The only way to bring about this change would be for Germany to mandate that websites be hosted locally, a significant measure that has not yet been advocated by German leaders, according to experts. Deutsche Telekom did not confirm if it would support this approach. In response to reports of U.S. spying, Brazil's President Dilma Rousseff is pushing for legislation that would require internet companies like Google and Facebook to store data collected in the country. One possible solution is for European leaders to strengthen a data-privacy law that has been in development for nearly two years. The European Parliament recently endorsed a tougher version of the law on Monday, but it still needs approval from member states. France and Germany could potentially convince member states to advance discussions in order to finalize the new data regulations by 2015. According to Kremer from Deutsche Telekom, the new law has the potential to ensure that customers are able to freely access any online services globally while also enhancing safety measures. | 2 |
According to a recent opinion poll conducted by Nielsen/Oxford University, global concern about climate change has decreased in the past two years. The survey, which involved over 27,000 Internet users in 54 countries, found that only 37 percent of respondents were "very concerned" about climate change, down from 41 percent in a similar poll conducted two years ago. The decline in concern was attributed to the world economic slowdown. In the United States, the number of individuals who were very concerned about climate change dropped from 34 percent to 25 percent. President Barack Obama aims to reduce US greenhouse gas emissions, primarily from the burning of fossil fuels. He plans to attend the Copenhagen meeting with over 100 world leaders to work towards a new UN agreement. China, the largest emitter of greenhouse gases, saw an increase in the number of people who are very concerned about climate change, rising from 30 to 36 percent. The survey showed that Latin America and Asian-Pacific countries had the highest levels of concern, with the Philippines at the top with 78 percent, likely due to being hit by Typhoon Ketsana in September. The poll did not include most African countries. Eastern Europe had the lowest level of concern for global warming, which is attributed to human emissions of greenhouse gases from burning fossil fuels. In a recent survey, Estonia had the lowest level of concern about climate change, with only 10 percent of respondents expressing significant worry. Jonathan Banks, Business Insights Director Europe at the Nielsen Co., suggested that concerns about climate change may be increasing due to the focus on the Copenhagen summit. He noted that economic struggles had temporarily diverted attention from environmental issues, but as the recession eases, he expects climate change to become a top priority once again. The survey revealed that globally, air and water pollution, followed by climate change, were the top three environmental concerns among the population. | 2 |
Britain expressed strong disapproval of the increasing violence against opposition supporters in Zimbabwe following the recent elections, and urged for a United Nations mission to investigate human rights violations. Prime Minister Gordon Brown announced plans to enhance diplomatic efforts leading up to a UN Security Council meeting regarding the situation in Zimbabwe. He emphasized the importance of international action and called for a UN mission to examine the violence and abuses of human rights in the country. The opposition Movement for Democratic Change has stated that they won the parliamentary and presidential elections on March 29 in Zimbabwe, and a recount ordered by Mugabe confirmed that ZANU-PF had been pushed into second place in parliament for the first time in 28 years. Despite this, the official results of the presidential vote have not yet been released, although Mugabe has called for a re-run. Brown stated that if a second round were to occur, the international community would demand the deployment of international monitors and the upholding of SADC and AU principles. Brown also expressed appreciation for the positions taken by the UN Secretary General, African leaders, Europe, the US, and all those who support a return to democracy in Zimbabwe. "We are prepared, along with others, to assist in the reconstruction of Zimbabwe once democracy is restored. I promise that Britain will take a leading role in this endeavor." | 2 |
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