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"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | crisisPosts
With the clock ticking down before the world’s richest country effectively went bankrupt, US politicians have at last agreed on a deal to raise the country’s debt limit.
After months of fighting, Republican and Democratic leaders have come to an arrangement that lifts the US debt ceiling by up to US $ 2.4trillion from the current US $ 14.3trillion.
It is understood that the other part of the deal involves the US government deficit being cut by a similar amount through the next decade.
Unless an agreement was reached by tonight the US could have defaulted on its debts – and that would have had horrendous consequences for not only the US but many other countries around the world.Continue Reading
MM Mortgages
MM Mortgages is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). There may be a fee for arranging your mortgage, we estimate this will be £600 but could be higher or lower depending on the complexity of the case and amount of work involved. We will confirm the exact fee prior to it becoming chargeable. We are entered on the FCA register under reference 313969.
Warning
Your home may be repossessed if you do not keep up repayments on your mortgage. Commercial mortgages and some Buy-To-Let mortgages are not currently regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority. |
{
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} | Half Nelson
Half Nelson may refer to:
Half nelson, a wrestling hold
Half Nelson (album), a 1985 album by Willie Nelson
Half Nelson (TV series), a 1985 TV series starring Joe Pesci
Halfnelson (band), an American rock band, later renamed Sparks
Halfnelson (album), a 1971 album by the band
Half Nelson (film), a 2006 film starring Ryan Gosling and Shareeka Epps
"Half Nelson", a composition by Miles Davis from Workin' with the Miles Davis Quintet |
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} | I keep hearing the name Noah Oppeheim coming up in different conversations and articles over the last week or so.
Oppenheim is currently the President of NBC News. He was formally senior vice president in charge of the “Today Show” until Feb. 2017 when he was promoted.
So right off the bat, Oppenheim was in the center of two of NBC’s bigger recent controversies. Matt Lauer and spiking the Ronan Farrow story on Harvey Weinstein, which propelled the whole #MeToo movement in Hollywood.
There were muted calls for Oppenheim to step down after the Matt Lauer sexual harassment story broke, as horrendous stories came to light from women telling of Lauer’s secret button on his desk to lock his office door.
As an aside, this seems like a lucrative business — installing remote control locks in media executive offices. It’s alleged that CBS chief Les Moonves had one as well. It must be boilerplate language in their contracts by now.
So getting back to Oppenheim, I was told to look into a Harvard buddy of his Franklin Leonard. He is the co-founder along with Dino Simone of “The Black List”, an annual publication featuring Hollywood’s most popular unproduced screenplays.
I’ve dropped a few names here and their connections to each other. I believe many of these names will be in the news very shortly as a major expose is slated to be published as early as this week. |
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} | Barack Obama is calling on Congress to authorise continued military action in the Middle East, following growing criticism that his existing air strikes in Iraq and Syria lacked the necessary legally underpinning.
In excerpts from his sixth State of the Union speech released early by the White House, the president also suggests that the coalition fight against the Islamic State will continue for months if not years to come.
“This effort will take time. It will require focus. But we will succeed,” he will say. “And tonight, I call on this Congress to show the world that we are united in this mission by passing a resolution to authorize the use of force against Isil.”
When the strikes were first announced in September against Isis, or Isil as it is referred to by the US administration, the White House insisted that it had the necessary legal authority take military action under legislation dating back to 9/11.
But criticism has grown since of the continued failure to renew this authority, particularly since the earlier legislation was targeted at al-Qaida, not Isis, and has grown to include increasing use of US ground forces.
Officials have acknowledged that they would eventually need to seek fresh permission from Congress but have shown little sign of acting since November’s midterm elections.
Obama’s inclusion of the authorisation for use of military force (AUMF) call in his speech is the first indication that it will contain new detail on foreign policy, following a heavy advance focus on the economy.
The president’s desire to use a recovery job market as a moment to reshape the US economy is also underlined in the excerpts from his speech, which include stronger than expected rhetoric on inequality but few new details.
Obama will also ask Congress to pass new legislation to “better meet the evolving threat of cyber-attacks”.
“No foreign nation, no hacker, should be able to shut down our networks, steal our trade secrets, or invade the privacy of American families, especially our kids,” he will say.
“We are making sure our government integrates intelligence to combat cyber threats, just as we have done to combat terrorism ... If we don’t act, we’ll leave our nation and our economy vulnerable.” |
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} | Ambulatory EEG cassette recorders for prolonged electroencephalographic monitoring in animals.
We describe the use of ambulatory cassette EEG recorders for monitoring in vivo neurophysiologic signals from multiple animals over prolonged periods of time. This technique centers around a simple interface device that attenuates the intracerebral signals to the input range of the recording device and around a common indifferent input for all animals. The resulting analog recordings have the advantage of good signal resolution and rapid review of 24 h of recorded data. |
{
"pile_set_name": "Github"
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/xhtml;charset=UTF-8"/>
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{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} | Oregon's Coordinated Care Organization Experiment: Are Members' Experiences of Care Actually Changing?
In 2012, Oregon embarked on an ambitious plan to redesign financing and care delivery for Medicaid. Oregon's Coordinated Care Organizations (CCOs) are the first statewide effort to use accountable care principles to pay for Medicaid benefits. We surveyed 8,864 Medicaid-eligible participants approximately 1 year before and 12 months after CCO implementation to assess the impact of CCOs on member-reported outcomes. We compared changes in outcomes over time between Medicaid CCO members, Medicaid fee-for-service (FFS) members, and those who were uninsured. After 1 year, Medicaid beneficiaries enrolled in CCOs reported better access to care, better quality care, and better connections to primary care than Medicaid FFS or uninsured persons. We did not find early evidence of improvements in preventive care and screenings or in ED utilization. Although these are early indicators, results suggest that Oregon's delivery system transformation is having a positive impact on patient experience outcomes. |
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} | Q:
My Application Crashes While Reloading table data
My Application Crashes when it reloads UITableView data in ViewDidAppear . It works fine till the number of entries in table is less than 20 but once it goes above that it Crashes where Ever and whenever i call
[tableview reloadData];
A:
It's almost certainly a discrepancy between the value returned from the UITableViewDataSource method:
tableView:numberOfRowsInSection:
and the call to:
tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath:
Where tableView:numberOfRowsInSection: is returning more rows than tableView:cellForRowAtIndexPath: can provide.
However you don't provide enough information to help further.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | ~ A topnotch WordPress.com site
De Jong insists he's happy at Man City | Transfers | Tribal Football
Nigel de Jong insists he’s happy at Manchester City.De Jong is gearing up for another season with City and insists he is ready for the manager’s rotation policy.
Nigel de Jong insists he’s happy at Manchester City.
De Jong is gearing up for another season with City and insists he is ready for the manager’s rotation policy.
“The team is the main thing now,” he stressed.
“Obviously everybody wants to play for themselves individually, but it’s not always going to happen, because we have a big squad. But for the team we just have to go now and try and win as many trophies as we can.
“A lot of teams and a lot of people are going to look up to us after winning the Premiership and we are the team to beat at the moment. But for us as a group, we always keep it calm and we just have to focus on what we do best and that is to play football on the pitch. We just have to do our best.” |
{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
} | 1. Field of the Invention
The present invention is directed to novel bismorpholine derivatives, a process for their production and their use as hydrolysis inhibitors in polymers containing ester and/or carbonate groups.
2. Description of the Prior Art
It is well known that ester groups (including carbonate groups) may undergo hydrolytic decomposition to revert to the starting components. In the case of relatively high molecular weight substances prepared from components containing ester groups, such as reaction causes degradation of the polymer chain which generally results in a loss of mechanical properties. A further disadvantage is the autocatalytic destruction by the continuous formation of new carboxylic acid groups which becomes progressively more drastic.
The reaction of polyesters with isocyanates which are at least bifunctional results in polyurethanes which are widely used industrially as high quality elastomers. In order to protect the superior quality of these polymers against degradation by moist heat, water or steam, it has long been customary to use hydrolysis protective agents such as the group of substances known as carbodiimides which are described in DE-PS 1,005,726 and in BE-PS 610,969, 612,040 and 733,573. FR-PS 1,450,919 discloses iminooxazolidines corresponding to the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 =aryl,
R.sub.2 =aryl, alkyl PA0 R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 represent hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl and/or aryl substituents, preferably C.sub.1 -C.sub.7 -alkyl substituents, or a cycloalkylene or arylene substituent formed by linkage of R.sub.3 and R.sub.6 with aminoethanol, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 being omitted in the case of arylene substituents.
as age protective agents for compounds containing ester groups. In both cases, however, the tendency to migration, the deleterious effects on the compression set and the catalytic effects (change in the casting and pot life of polyurethanes) are found to be disadvantageous.
Although the hydroxyalkylurea derivatives described in DE-PS 2,106,726 are found to be quite effective, the high melting points and low solubilities of compounds of this type in polyesters or short chain chain lengthening agents are found to be disadvantageous.
It is an object of the present invention to provide hydrolysis protective agents which do not suffer from the previously discussed disadvantages.
A group of hydrolysis protective agents which have no connection with previously known classes of compounds as regards the course of the reactions and the structure and material properties of the reaction products has now been found completely unexpectedly and must be given a decidedly positive assessment as regards their processing characteristics. These compounds, which have not hitherto been described and which act as hydrolysis protective agents (HSM), are reaction products of glyoxal and aminoethanols substituted with organic groups. The products are cycloacetals as hereinafter described. |
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} | “We give Israel $10 million per day ! That money can send our kids to college.” So reads a billboard on Interstate 680 in Walnut Creek, California, sponsored by “If Americans Knew.”
The organization is the handmaiden of our local dowager of anti-Zionism, Alison Weir, a self-described freelance journalist who has been called a rabid anti-Semite—a charge she denies despite her twisted fascination with Jews harvesting organs of Palestinians. Her theories of Jewish conspiracy resonate with David Duke and she is frequently cited by the Holocaust-denying Institute of Historical Review.
Of course, the obvious subtext of the billboard is that if not for those damn Jews and all their power, your kid could go to college for free.
Like all conspiracy theorists, Ms. Weir wants you to believe information about Israel is secret and hidden; consequently, “if you only knew.” Her own peripatetic undertakings on the anti-Israel circuit belie that, as would a trip to the University of California, Berkeley campus, where anti-Israel activism flourishes.
She echoes one of the same themes that Goebbels created for the burgeoning Nazi party—the truth is what you are not being told. The Jews control the truth, and only Der Fuhrer will unmask it. In our community, it is the energetic Ms. Weir who will provide that—if you only knew.
We should, however, be grateful to her and her billboard because it has created a discussion about Israel and aid to it. Ms. Weir is less important than the subject she raised.
Zionists talk of the special relationship with Israel growing out of democracy and shared values. Sorry, that’s a fiction. In the world of political realism no one cares about shared values, just shared interests.
There is a special relationship between the U.S. and Israel. It started when a young James Jesus Angleton, arguably the greatest counterintelligence mind of the 20th century, noticed the operations of the Aliyah Bet in smuggling Jewish survivors into the British Mandate of Palestine. Mr. Angleton was smitten with the operation and argued that the Aliyah Bet was the harbinger of a dynamic intelligence enterprise that America needed in the inevitable conflict with the Soviet Union.
Although I never met Mr. Angleton, I did meet people who worked closely with him. He was a legend in his time.
Even as head of America’s covert operations, Mr. Angleton personally managed the Israel portfolio. His bet on the Israelis paid off handsomely at a time when America—submitting to Arab pressure—was not even a major supplier of arms to Israel.
On February 25, 1956, Nikita Khrushchev made the famous speech denouncing the deceased Stalin to a secret session of the 20th Party Congress of the Soviet Union. Every Western intelligence agency wanted a copy of the speech. But Soviet counterintelligence prevented Western intelligence penetrations, except in one case—the Israeli Mossad.
The Mossad gave Mr. Angleton the speech, and he had it printed in The New York Times, scoring a massive intelligence coup and undermining the Communist Party of the United States.
In 1956, Israel secured a Soviet MiG-15, an aircraft advanced for its time, and shared the intelligence with America. But an even larger coup occurred when Israel secured an intact Soviet MiG-21 in 1966, making available to America the Soviet’s most advanced fighter, courtesy of the relationship Mr. Angleton built. Israel at this time was dependent on France as its main weapons supplier and was not flying American planes.
In 1969, Israel stole an advanced Soviet radar system, which was turned over to America.
In the same year, at the request of President Nixon, Israel flew reconnaissance missions to provide intelligence for an American mobilization against a Syrian invasion of Jordan.
Today, Israel has the best regional intelligence operation in the Middle East and shares with America intelligence on known terrorist groups.
Ms. Weir knows well that the money she crows about is by law spent back here in America—a full 76 percent, much of it right in her own California—and that the aid to Israel is a direct consequence of the deal America sought and achieved, which was for Israel to leave the strategic Sinai in return for military aid to maintain Israel’s strategic edge by replacing land with technology. Egypt received an almost equivalent aid package, a fact that Ms. Weir has never put on a billboard.
As a result of Israel’s technological and scientific innovations, American armaments sent to Israel have improved. America now spends $1.5 billion purchasing innovative Israeli military technology. Drones deployed in Iraq and Iran are from Israel. The revolutionary helmet-mounted sight used in nearly all frontline Air Force and Navy fighter aircraft was invented in Israel. The armor used against IEDs in Iraq and Afghanistan was invented in Israel, as was the gun system for close-up defense of our naval vessels.
Israel serves America as an unsinkable aircraft carrier. Haifa is the only port in the Middle East where American troops are genuinely welcomed and where local authorities are really committed to their security.
The United States currently maintains several “secret” listening posts in Israel to monitor terrorist chatter, among other security interests.
Perhaps Ms. Weir should raise a billboard asking what America has received for all the aid it has poured into the bottomless sinkholes in the rest of the Middle East. How many intelligence coups have been provided? How many technological innovations saving the lives of American warriors have been created? And yes, how many college educations could have been paid for?
Abe Miller is an emeritus professor of political science at the University of Cincinnati and a distinguished fellow with the Haym Salomon Center. |
{
"pile_set_name": "Github"
} | namespace Demo.FolderBrowserDialog
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public partial class MainWindow
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public MainWindow()
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InitializeComponent();
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{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} | Epinephrine-induced cyclic AMP accumulation in the psoriatic epidermis.
Although there are many reports concerning different beta-adrenergic responsiveness in involved and uninvolved skin of psoriasis, previous experiments have been done mainly by using keratome-sliced skin, which contains unknown amounts of stratum corneum, dermis, skin appendages, etc. In order to determine the effect of epinephrine on the cyclic AMP level of 'pure' epidermis in psoriasis, a microdissection technique was employed. Basal levels of cyclic AMP in the involved epidermis were slightly higher than in the uninvolved epidermis (involved 1.9 +/- 0.3 pmoles/mg dry weight; uninvolved 1.3 +/- 0.3 pmoles/mg d.w.). This difference was not statistically significant (p greater than 0.1). The response to epinephrine by the involved epidermis (8.4 +/- 1.0 pmoles/mg d.w.) was much lower than that in the uninvolved epidermis (23.3 +/- 4.3 pmoles/mg d.w.). The difference was statistically highly significant (p less than 0.005). Our data show that psoriatic involved epidermis per se had a reduced beta-adrenergic responsiveness, which might be significantly involved in the pathophysiology of psoriasis. |
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} | Probing Energy Landscapes of Cytochrome b6f with Spectral Hole Burning: Effects of Deuterated Solvent and Detergent.
In non-photochemical spectral hole burning (NPHB) and spectral hole recovery experiments, cytochrome b6f protein exhibits behavior that is almost independent of the deuteration of the buffer/glycerol glassy matrix containing the protein, apart from some differences in heat dissipation. On the other hand, strong dependence of the hole burning properties on sample preparation procedures was observed and attributed to a large increase of the electron-phonon coupling and shortening of the excited-state lifetime occurring when n-dodecyl β-d-maltoside (DM) is used as a detergent instead of n-octyl β-d-glucopyranoside (OGP). The data was analyzed assuming that the tunneling parameter distribution or barrier distribution probed by NPHB and encoded into the spectral holes contains contributions from two nonidentical components with accidentally degenerate excited state λ-distributions. Both components likely reflect protein dynamics, although with some small probability one of them (with larger md2) may still represent the dynamics involving specifically the -OH groups of the water/glycerol solvent. Single proton tunneling in the water/glycerol solvent environment or in the protein can be safely excluded as the origin of observed NPHB and hole recovery dynamics. The intensity dependence of the hole growth kinetics in deuterated samples likely reflects differences in heat dissipation between protonated and deuterated samples. These differences are most probably due to the higher interface thermal resistivity between (still protonated) protein and deuterated water/glycerol outside environment. |
{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
} | This invention relates in general to apparatus for fabricating thin flexible belts.
Various techniques have been devised to form belts from webs. Thermoplastic webs may be joined by overlapping the edge of one web over another and placing the overlapped or seam portion of the webs over a base beneath a vibrating welding element. The vibrating welding element may be a horn vibrating at an ultrasonic frequency while it is brought into forced contact with one side of the overlapped webs while the other side of the overlapped web seam is supported on an anvil surface. Transfer of vibratory energy from the horn to the webs material is effected upon impact of a suitably shaped surface of the horn on the seam of the web material. The vibrating energy causes surface heat to be generated between the overlapping webs along the area of contiguous contact between the webs. The horn normally resonates toward and away from the seam at a frequently of about 16 kHz of higher. The weld may be in the form of a chain of spots along the seam or a continuous weld. The technique of ultrasonic weldinng of thermoplastic material is well known and illustrated, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,532,166, 3,879,256, 3,939,033, 3,947,307 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,459,610, all incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
Unfortunately, processes for cutting and welding webs into belts require considerable time, duplicate manual handling, occupy excessive floor space and also require extensive equipment for alignment, cutting, welding, trimming and other processing steps.
Further, excessive manual handling increases the likelihood of damage to sensitive substrates or coatings, particularly for coated substrates that must meet precise tolerance requirements such as flexible electrostatographic imaging member including photoreceptors for high speed electrostatographic copiers, duplicators, printers and the like. Scratches and even fingerprints on the vulnerable surfaces of a sensitive, flexible photoreceptor renders the photoreceptor unacceptable for most electrostatographic copiers, duplicators and printers.
In copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 845,205 filed May 27, 1986 in the name of E. Swain et al, now abandoned and replaced by copending continuation application Ser. No. 07/374,598, filed Jun. 30, 1989, a process and apparatus are disclosed for fabricating belts in which a first cylindrical mandrel is conveyed to a wrapping station where the leading edge of a web from a web supply roll is supplied to the first cylindrical mandrel at the wrapping station. The leading edge on the first cylindrical mandrel is secured by means of a partial vacuum and the web is wrapped around the first cylindrical mandrel by rotating the first cylindrical mandrel for about one revolution. The web is then severed at the wrapping station to form a trailing edge which overlaps the leading edge of the web to form a first belt having a seam. The first mandrel is conveyed to a welding station and a second mandrel is substantially simultaneously conveyed to the wrapping station. The second mandrel is wrapped with fresh web material from the web supply roll and the seam on the first belt on the first mandrel is substantially simulataneously welded to form a unitary belt. These welded belts may be automatically removed from the mandrels at a belt discharge station. Although this approach produces excellent welded belts, the cylindrical mandrels are complex, heavy, and time consuming and expensive to fabricate. Due to the size and weight, considerable system down time is experienced while changing the three mandrels when a belt having a different circumference and/or width is to be fabricated. Moreover, the web pick up means is cumbersome, heavy, and expensive to fabricate. In addition, the seam of welded electrophotographic imaging members can only be prepared with the leading edge of the web underlying the trailing edge. The lap joint of a welded photoreceptor is normally conveyed in a direction which allows cleaning devices such as cleaning blades to ride smoothly over the lap joint much like rain is allowed to flow downwardly over lapped shingles in a roof. Electrically conductive ground strips are normally provided on only one edge of a photoreceptor. Some electrostatographic copiers, duplicators and printers requires the ground strip to be along one edge whereas other electrostatographic imaging devices require the ground strip to be along the opposite edge. The use of cylindrical mandrel device in the above described copending patent application is also less versatile in providing welded photoreceptor belts for different electrostatographic copiers, duplicators and printers because, relative to the location of a ground strip, some imaging devices require lap joint having the leading edge of the web over the trailing edge whereas other imaging devices require lap joints having the trailing edge of the web over the leading edge. The disclosure of copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 845,205 filed May 27, 1986 is incorporated in its entirety.
In copending U.S. continuation patent application Ser. No. 231,629, filed Aug. 8, 1988, in the names of K. Thomsen et al, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,838,964 a process and apparatus are discosed for fabricating belts in which the leading edge of a web is conveyed from a supply roll into a belt loop forming station, the web is cut a predetermined distance from the leading edge to form a web segment having the leading edge at one end and a trailing edge at the opposite end, the lower surface of the web adjacent the leading edge is inverted, the lower surface of the web adjacent the trailing edge is inverted, the inverted leading edge and the inverted trailing edge are overlapped to form a loop of the web segment loosely suspended from the joint formed by the overlapped leading edge and trailing edge, the loop of the web segment at the belt loop forming station is transferred to an anvil, the loop of the web segment on the anvil is conveyed to a welding station and the overlapped leading edge and trailing edge are welded together on the anvil to form a belt welded at the joint. This welded bekt may be automatically removed from the anvil at a belt discharge station. The disclosure of copending U.S. continuation patent application Ser. No. 213,629, filed Aug. 8, 1988, in the names of K. Thomsen et al is incorporated herein in its entirety. |
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} | Q:
Vulnerability check via web interface?
Is there a website I can log into that will can check various exploits on my system, and basically tell me if it's patched up-to-date?
A:
I think you would be better of by installing Nessus on your own computer. Nessus is free for home use and have a commercial version available too, and it lets you actively probe servers with a wide range of plugins.
Check it out: http://www.nessus.org/nessus/
Also.. could you trust a public webpage that probed your computer for errors? Setting up such a server would probably mean lots of problems for the host, since it would trigger IDS-alerts from other network providers. And you have no guarantee that they won't abuse their findings.
EDIT: Didn't know that they had changed the license on the plugin-feeds. Thanks K. Brian Kelley. Still worth it though. Superb software.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} | Comparison of the Cytobrush and cotton swabs in sampling cervical cells for filter in situ hybridization detection of human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 DNA.
The Cytobrush was compared with the cotton swab for collecting samples used to detect human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 DNA by filter in situ hybridization. The study design entailed collecting two endocervical and one vaginal fornix sample from each of 200 women admitted to a colposcopy clinic. No difference was found in the HPV positivity rates in samples obtained with the two collection instruments. There was good agreement (91.5%) in the detection of viral DNA between the first and second endocervical samples; however, 15% of the patients with positive samples had detectable DNA in their second sample only. Significantly fewer samples from the fornix contained detectable HPV-16 or HPV-18 DNA than did endocervical samples. |
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} | The effect of the cold pressor test on vasopressin secretion in man.
Stress has been thought to induce the release of arginine vasopressin (AVP). We evaluated this claim by studying the effects of a modified cold pressor test on plasma AVP, plasma cortisol, blood pressure, pulse rate, and a number of variables known to affect AVP secretion. In a cross-over study design, test and control values were obtained in seven male subjects. The pressor test was found to induce painful stress as evidenced by subjective reports and the objective findings of increased mean arterial pressure (13.9 +/- 3.1 mm Hg; p less than 0.004), pulse rate (9.2 +/- 2.8 beats/min; p less than 0.02), and plasma cortisol (3.5 +/- 0.8 micrograms/dl; p less than 0.005). In contrast, there were no significant changes in plasma AVP that could be attributed to the cold pressor test. There also were no changes in plasma osmolality, measured plasma solutes, hematocrit or body temperature. An unexpected finding was a premonitory drop in plasma AVP occurring just prior to the pressor test (2.5 +/- 2.0 pg/ml; p less than 0.04) and at the comparable time point in the control study (3.1 +/- 1.2 pg/ml; p less than 0.001). There were no changes in any of the other measured variables which could account for this drop. We conclude that the cold pressor test is not a stimulus to AVP release and that anticipation of stress may inhibit secretion of this hormone. |
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | Three arrested, charged following home invasions
Three men were arrested and charged following a string of summer home invasions.
The incidents occurred throughout Union Township and the city of Mount Pleasant.
Ryan Edward Hones, 23, and Patrick William Mulholland, 24, of Mount Pleasant, have been charged with one count of home invasion in the second degree and malicious destruction of a building. There is a strong possibility both will face additional arrests and charges in the near future.
Julius Eugene Williams, 21, of Jackson, has been charged with one count of home invasion in the first degree.
Isabella County Sheriff Leo Mioduszewski said beginning on July 5, at least 23 apartments may have been broken into throughout Deerfield Village, Lexington Ridge, Tallgrass, Polo Village and a residential city home.
On Aug. 20 an Isabella County Sheriff’s Deputy observed two men carrying a flat screen television out of a home to a Ford Taurus. Later the car was tracked to Hones, and shortly after it was determined Mulholland was with Homes during the break-in. A number of the stolen items were tracked to Jackson, where Williams lives.
Mioduszewski said some of the recovered items include six flat screen televisions, 12 game systems and 54 Xbox and Playstation games, adding up to thousands of dollars.
“I’m estimating between five and seven thousand,” he said. “Probably somewhere in that area. It could be more.”
Luckily most of the electronics have been returned to the rightful owners, who Mioduszewski said filed police reports for the stolen items.
The home invasions occurring throughout summer vacation don’t come as a surprise. Mioduszewski said break-ins happen periodically throughout the year, and typically when most students aren’t in town.
Mioduszewski wants to remind students, as a precautionary measure, to keep doors locked.
“One of the problems we have with student housing is that people will not lock their doors,” he said. “In several of these apartments there were actually people sleeping at the time.” |
{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
} | The embodiments described herein relate generally to database technology and, more particularly, to indexing technologies and methodologies.
At least some known applications based on a relational database provide modeling capabilities that enable database objects to be connected to other database objects through one or more relationships. More specifically, such applications enable one to describe database objects by type and according to what type of relationships connect the database objects. Moreover, some such applications enable searches against normalized data. However, normalized data searches generally require excessive processor and/or memory utilization. Other applications enable searches to be performed based on indices. However, these indices frequently become outdated because of additions, modifications, and/or deletions of nodes and/or nodal relationships within the database. |
{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
} | I. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to reciprocating piston mechanisms as are used in internal combustion engines and more particularly to the construction of a piston pin used for connecting the piston to a connecting rod.
II. Description of the Prior Art
Piston pins are commonly employed to pivotally connect a piston to a connecting rod for reciprocating movement of the piston in response to rotation of the crank shaft or the like. While some previously known piston pins have been made of a solid shank of metal, such piston pins unduly increase the weight of the piston assembly. Moreover, such pins may not dissipate heat as quickly as is necessary to avoid fracturing or fatigue in the piston pin.
In addition, some previously known piston pins have been formed from a tubular body so that the pins are hollow to reduce the mass of the piston assembly. However, tubular piston pins can be deformed during reciprocal movement of the piston, especially when subjected to the high pressures and temperatures existing within the cylinder and the mechanical stresses associated with reciprocating displacement due to combustion. As a result, it has previously been known to completely fill the entire tubular chamber of the piston pin to close the ends of the piston pin. However, such a construction can still result in an unduly massive piston assembly, and the operation of filling the chamber of tubular piston pin can be extremely expensive. For example, formation of a one-piece filler within a tubular pin requires highly controlled introduction of the filler so as to avoid cavities and incomplete filling of the tubular pin.
In order to avoid these complications, some previously known tubular piston pins have been enclosed by end caps which frictionally engage the inner periphery of the pin. Such end caps are substantially easier to manufacture and install than previously known means for sealing the ends of a tubular piston pin. However, such end caps have been known to loosen during operation of the piston, probably due to the pressures in the cylinder and mechanical forces which cause deformation of the piston pin during reciprocatory movement of the piston. Unfortunately, end plugs which loosen can cause extensive engine damage. |
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} | Q:
What's the reason for the 42 layer limit in Docker?
At different places I found the information that a docker image can only consist of up to 42 layers. This seems to be a limitation of the used AUFS file system.
Can anybody tell me why this limit exists or does anybody have some documentation explaining this?
A:
I'm starting to suspect that there isn't any such a hard limit.
Create the following python script, and name it "makeDockerfile.py"
with open("Dockerfile", "w") as file:
file.write("from alpine:3.8\n")
for i in range(0, 201):
file.write("run echo {i}\n".format(i=i))
then run
python makeDockerfile.py && docker build --tag manylayer . && docker run -it manylayer /bin/sh
You'll see that you are running a working container with > 200 layers.
(note, this was tested with linux containers on linux)
Note that this doesn't mean that this many layers are necessarily SUPPORTED, just that they are possible in some cases.
In fact, I've seen containers fail with far fewer than 42 layers, and removing any arbitrary layer seems to fix it. (see https://github.com/docker/for-win/issues/676#issuecomment-462991673 )
EDIT:
thaJeztah, maintainer of Docker, has this to say about it:
The "42 layer limit" on aufs was on older versions of aufs, but should no longer be the case.
However, the 127 layer limit is still there. This is due to a restriction of Linux not accepting more than X arguments to a syscall that's used.
Although this limit can be raised in modern kernels, it's not the default, so if we'd go beyond that maximum, an Image built on one machine may not be usable on another machine.
( see https://github.com/docker/docker.github.io/issues/8230 )
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | Just click download link in many Resolutions at the end of this sentence and you will be redirected on direct image file, and then you must right click on image and select "Save image as".
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{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} | Crown-rump length discordance and adverse perinatal outcome in twin pregnancies: systematic review and meta-analysis.
The aim of this systematic review was to explore the relationship between crown-rump length (CRL) discordance detected at 11-14 weeks of gestation and adverse outcome in twin pregnancy and to assess its predictive accuracy. A protocol designed a priori following MOOSE guidelines and recommended for systematic review and meta-analysis was used. The outcomes observed were: total fetal and perinatal loss, fetal loss at <24 weeks, fetal loss at ≥ 24 weeks, birth-weight (BW) discordance, preterm delivery (PTD) at < 34 weeks and fetal anomalies. The analysis was performed for all twins and for dichorionic (DC) and monochorionic (MC) twins separately. A total of 2008 articles were identified and 17 studies were included in the systematic review. Twin pregnancies with CRL discordance ≥ 10% were at significantly higher risk of perinatal loss (RR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.25-6.27; P = 0.012), fetal loss at ≥ 24 weeks (RR, 4.07; 95% CI, 1.47-11.23; P = 0.006), BW discordance (RR, 2.24; 95% CI, 1.89-2.64; P < 0.001) and PTD at < 34 weeks (RR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.23-1.80; P < 0.001) but not of fetal loss at < 24 weeks (P = 0.130). A meta-analysis of fetal anomalies was not possible because fewer than two studies explored this outcome. However, when used alone to screen for adverse pregnancy outcome, the predictive accuracy of CRL discordance was low for each of the outcomes explored. CRL discordance is associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcome. However, the accuracy of CRL discordance in predicting adverse outcome is poor and thus limits its routine use in clinical practice. |
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} | President Trump has confidence in FBI Director James Comey, despite his claim that Comey gave Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton Hillary Diane Rodham ClintonBarr criticizes DOJ in speech declaring all agency power 'is invested in the attorney general' Virginia Democrat blasts Trump's 'appalling' remark about COVID-19 deaths in 'blue states' The Hill's Campaign Report: Biden asks if public can trust vaccine from Trump ahead of Election Day | Oklahoma health officials raised red flags before Trump rally MORE a “free pass” during the 2016 presidential campaign, his top spokesman said Wednesday.
"The president has confidence in the director,” White House press secretary Sean Spicer told reporters.
Spicer said the president’s Tuesday night tweets were directed at Clinton’s comments made earlier that day, in which she blamed her loss to Trump in part on Comey’s public statements about a federal investigation into her use of a private email server while secretary of State.
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“If the election had been on Oct. 27, I would be your president,” she said at a Women for Women event in New York, referencing the day before Comey sent a letter informing Congress that the FBI had discovered new emails that were potentially relevant to the probe.
“I'm a Patriots fan,” Spicer said of Clinton's claim that she would have won if the election timing was different.
“If games ended in the third quarter, a different team would have been here last week.”
The New England Patriots visited the White House last week to celebrate a come-from-behind Super Bowl victory.
Trump responded to Clinton’s claim in a late-night string of tweets Tuesday.
"FBI Director Comey was the best thing that ever happened to Hillary Clinton in that he gave her a free pass for many bad deeds!" Trump tweeted.
"The phony Trump/Russia story was an excuse used by the Democrats as justification for losing the election. Perhaps Trump just ran a great campaign?" he continued.
Spicer added Wednesday that "it's somewhat sad" that people are still debating the outcome of the election.
Appearing before the Senate Judiciary Committee Wednesday, Comey stood by his decision to announce that the bureau had resumed its investigation in October, but told the panel, "It makes me mildly nauseous to think we had an impact on the election." |
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} | Q:
Which settings.xml is used by jenkins slave?
I have a Jenkins master (running on a small Linux box) and a Jenkins slave (running on a "correct" XP machine).
I have configured both for all jibs to be run on the Windows XP slave.
Unfortunatly, each time a build is run on that slave, the build fails due to the following error :
ERROR: Ignore Problem expanding maven opts macros org.jenkinsci.plugins.tokenmacro.TokenMacro
Found mavenVersion 3.0.3 from file jar:file:/E:/java-ext/apache-maven-3.0.3/lib/maven-core-3.0.3.jar!/META-INF/maven/org.apache.maven/maven-core/pom.properties
Parsing POMs
ERROR: Echec à la lecture des POMs
hudson.util.IOException2: remote file operation failed: C:\hudson\workspace\Autocat at hudson.remoting.Channel@ee5bc4:ndx-PC-winXP
at hudson.FilePath.act(FilePath.java:752)
at hudson.FilePath.act(FilePath.java:738)
at hudson.maven.MavenModuleSetBuild$RunnerImpl.parsePoms(MavenModuleSetBuild.java:817)
at hudson.maven.MavenModuleSetBuild$RunnerImpl.doRun(MavenModuleSetBuild.java:617)
at hudson.model.AbstractBuild$AbstractRunner.run(AbstractBuild.java:429)
at hudson.model.Run.run(Run.java:1374)
at hudson.maven.MavenModuleSetBuild.run(MavenModuleSetBuild.java:467)
at hudson.model.ResourceController.execute(ResourceController.java:88)
at hudson.model.Executor.run(Executor.java:145)
Caused by: hudson.remoting.ProxyException: hudson.maven.MavenModuleSetBuild$MavenExecutionException: org.apache.maven.project.ProjectBuildingException: Some problems were encountered while processing the POMs:
[FATAL] Non-resolvable parent POM: Failure to find fr.perigee.java:java-parent:pom:0.0.6 in http://tinkerpop.com/maven2 was cached in the local repository, resolution will not be reattempted until the update interval of tinkerpop has elapsed or updates are forced and 'parent.relativePath' points at wrong local POM @ line 3, column 10
I know this error is due to the bad definition of repository containing those artifacts, because used repository is defined in settings.xml. So, my question is quite simple : how can I define which settings.xml file is used by a Jenkins slave ?
A:
Maven uses a global settings and a user settings file. If the user settings file exists, it overrides the global one.
The global one is found in %M2_HOME%\conf\, while the user one is in %HOME%\.m2\. Here %HOME% means the home directory of whatever user is running the Jenkins slave.
So the easiest solution, assuming it is possible in your situation, is to just copy the correct settings.xml file to the %HOME%\.m2\ directory on the Jenkins slave machine.
Alternatively, you can specify a custom settings.xml file on the mvn command line using the --settings option, so you could put the file in a known location (e.g. C:\) and then tell Jenkins to pass the setting to Maven, something like --settings C:\settings.xml.
As an aside, it's often useful to create a new Windows user to run the Jenkins slave, so that you can easily tell where it will search for configuration files.
A:
Like always, solution was simpler than I was thinking it could.
Jenkins slave is configured to be run by the System User.
As a consequence, for it to use my settings.xml, all I had to do was changing its associated user, and problem disappeared !
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | SPOTLIGHT
SRU graduate receives Boys & Girls Clubs honor
Len Krichko, a 1980 Slippery Rock University recreation graduate, has been named the recipient of the Herman S. Prescott Award from The Professional Association at Boys & Girls Clubs of America’s Midwest Leadership Conference in Indianapolis.
The award is dedicated in honor of Prescott, a deeply respected and admired Boys & Girls Clubs professional leader whose dedication toward the principles of diversity, equality, empowerment and inclusion are nationally recognized.
Krichko has served and led Boys & Girls Clubs for the past 32 years and has been recognized nationally, regionally and on a statewide basis for his outstanding professional leadership.
In addition to his SRU degree, He earned a master’s degree from Southern Connecticut State University and an associate degree from the Community College of Allegheny County.
As the Midwest Regional Award winner, one of five regions, he is now a finalist for the National Herman S. Prescott Award to be presented at Boys & Girls Clubs of America’s National Conference next May. The clubs are headquartered in Farmington Hills, Mich.
Slippery Rock University is Pennsylvania's premier public residential university. Slippery Rock University provides students with a comprehensive learning experience that intentionally combines academic instruction with enhanced educational and learning opportunities that make a positive difference in their lives. |
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} | In a scathing rebuke to the elite capitalists and politicians who largely control the global economic and energy systems, Mexico's newly-appointed environment secretary on Wednesday pointed a stern finger at the "parasitic and predatory neoliberals" for being the key culprits behind the planetary climate crisis.
"We can defend life, or we can continue destroying it in the name of the market, technology, progress, development, [and] economic growth."
—Mexico Environment Secretary Víctor Manuel Toledo Manzur
As the Mexico News Daily reports, the public comments by Secretary Víctor Manuel Toledo Manzur were his first since his appointment by President Andrés Manuel López Obrador earlier this week and seen as a direct challenge to previous Mexican governments which sacrificed the nation's environment to the interests of industry.
"Human beings are not responsible for global warming, as a superficial environmentalism and uncritical science would like to tell us," said Toledo. "The responsible are a parasitic and predatory minority, and that minority has a name: neoliberalism."
According to the News Daily, Toledo vowed "to 'take back' the Environment and Natural Resources Secretariat (Semarnat), which he said had been controlled by 'merchants from the automotive sector,' and involve citizens in policy making.
He also vowed to put ecological and human concerns above the demands of capitalism and industrial powerbrokers.
"We can defend life, or we can continue destroying it in the name of the market, technology, progress, development, economic growth, etc.," he said.
Watch the full speech (in Spanish):
SCROLL TO CONTINUE WITH CONTENT Never Miss a Beat. Get our best delivered to your inbox.
>
In addition to a ban on fracking, Toledo said there was an urgent need to find replacement sources for all fossil fuels and also issued warnings about the use of genetically-modified crops.
Not a new concept, proponents of bold climate action and experts on the geopolitics of global warming have long noted that the rise of neoliberalism as the dominant political force in the United States, Europe, and elsewhere correlates in troubling ways with the rise in greenhouse gas emissions.
In 2015, as Common Dreams reported at the time, the model of neoliberal capitalism was blamed for the looming destruction of the world's natural systems in a pair of groundbreaking studies.
"It is difficult to overestimate the scale and speed of change," said Professor Will Steffen, a researcher at the Stockholm Resilience Centre who was involved with both studies. "In a single lifetime humanity has become a geological force at the planetary-scale."
And as journalist Naomi Klein wrote in her 2014 book, This Changes Everything: Capitalism vs. The Climate, humanity over the last 30 years has "not done the things that are necessary to lower emissions because those things fundamentally conflict with deregulated capitalism, the reigning ideology for the entire period we have been struggling to find a way out of this crisis."
"We are stuck," Klein writes in the book, "because the actions that would give us the best chance of averting catastrophe—and would benefit the vast majority—are extremely threatening to an elite minority that has a stranglehold over our economy, our political process, and most of our major media outlets." |
{
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} | "Calling Cape Cod." "Cape Cod?" "This is Jupiter 16." "Can you give a go for fourth orbit?" "Cape Cod to Jupiter 16." "Can you confirm 02 pressure is within limit?" "Roger." "It all looks good in the environmental control system." "OK." "Everything looks good from here." "You have a go for fourth orbit." "Jupiter 16." "Roger." "You're stowing all loose gear." "Ready for the EVA." "Jupiter 16, this is Cape Cod." "Start your EVA when you're ready." "You have time in the other EVAs for experiments." "So don't stay out too long, Chris." "OK, flight." " Don't worry." "We'll stick to plan." " Roger." "Cape Cod to Jupiter 16." "On my mark it will be four plus three seven." "Four, three, two, one, mark." "Cape Cod, this is Chris." "I'm out." "Everything looks OK." "Good." "The manoeuvring unit works this time." "I used it to get out." "It makes things a lot easier." "Cape Cod to Hawaii, this is flight control, come in." "Hawaii, roger." "Hawaii, we expect to start EVA over your station on this pass." "Hawaii to Jupiter 16." "An unidentified object is closing on you fast from astern." "Can you see it?" "Hawaii, we have nothing here." "Hold while we check the space track." "Hawaii to Jupiter 16." "Repeat, Hawaii to Jupiter 16." "An unidentified object is on our scope." "We see nothing." "Can you give me a bearing?" "Appears to be coming up fast from astern." "Hey, now I see it." "It's another spacecraft!" "Repeat, it's another spacecraft!" "Does it looks like a close pass?" "You're breaking up." "Say again." " Does it look like a close pass?" " Chris, what's happening?" "It's coming right at us." "The front is opening up!" "I repeat, the front is opening up!" " It's coming right at us." " Chris, get back in, get back in!" "Do you read me?" "You're breaking up." " Repeat, you're breaking up." " What's happening?" "Hawaii to Jupiter 16." "Hawaii to Jupiter 16." "Are you receiving?" "You're breaking up." "Come in, please." "Jupiter 16!" "You're breaking up..." "My lead line!" "It's cu..." "Hawaii to Jupiter 16, Hawaii to Jupiter 16." "Are you receiving me?" "Come in, please." "Over." "Hello, Houston." "We've lost radio contact." "We've also lost him on the scope." "Unidentified object is still orbiting." "Alert all stations and track him closely." "It is ridiculous for the Soviet government to deny responsibility." "The Soviet government denies all knowledge of this affair." "The world knows we are a peace-loving people." "I hereby give notice that in 20 days the United States will launch her next spaceship." "My government has instructed me to inform you that any interference with it will be regarded as an act of war." "May I ask what motive our Russian friends would have for wishing to destroy American spacecraft?" "My government sees this as a blatant attempt to gain complete and absolute control of space itself for military purposes." "We don't agree." "Her Majesty's Government is not convinced that this intruder missile originated from Soviet Russia." "Our tracking station in Singapore reported faint echoes of this craft coming down in the Sea of Japan area." "Might I suggest that this is where you should concentrate your intelligence forces?" "The prime minister asked me to assure you this is what we propose to do." "As a matter of fact, our man in Hong Kong is working on it now." "Why do Chinese girls taste different from all other girls?" "You think we better, huh?" "No, just different." "Like Peking duck is different from" "Russian caviar, but I love 'em both." "Darling, I give you very best duck." "That would be lovely." "We've had some interesting times together, Ling." "I'll be sorry to go." "Take that door." "The bed!" " We're too late." " Well, at least he died on the job." "He'd have wanted it this way." "You only live twice" "Or so it seems" "One life for yourself" "And one for your dreams" "You drift through the years" "And life seems tame" "Till one dream appears" "And love is its name" "And love is a stranger" "Who'll beckon you on" "Don't think of the danger" "Or the stranger is gone" "This dream is for you" "So pay the price" "Make one dream come true" "You only live twice" "And love is a stranger" "Who'll beckon you on" "Don't think of the danger" "Or the stranger is gone" "This dream is for you" "So pay the price" "Make one dream come true" "You only live twice" "We shall not all sleep, but we shall all be changed in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trump." "For the trumpet shall sound and the dead shall be raised incorruptible, and we shall all be changed." "We therefore commit his body to the deep to be turned into corruption, looking for the resurrection of the body when the sea shall give up her dead." "Present!" "Fire!" " Carry on." " Aye aye, sir." "Permission to come aboard?" " Permission granted." " Thank you." " Take this officer aft." " Yes, sir." "Number One, take her up to 90ft." "Course zero four five." "Aye aye, sir." " Hello, Penny." " You'd better go right in." "You're late as usual, even from your own funeral." "We corpses have no sense of timing." "In you go... sir." "Thank you... ma'am." " Oh, sit down, 007." " Thank you, sir." " No ill effects?" " None at all, sir." "Now you're dead, perhaps some of your old friends will pay less attention to you." "Give you more elbow room." "You'll need it, too." "This is the big one, 007." "That's why I'm out here." "You're fully briefed?" "Yes, but there's one thing I don't understand." "If our Singapore tracking station is correct about the rocket not landing in Russia, where did it land?" "We assume it's Japan." "All this is guesswork, but the PM wants us to play it with everything we've got." " And the aerial reconnaissance?" " All photographed." "Nothing." "Are the Japanese equipped to launch such a rocket?" " We don't think so." " Then who else is?" "That's what you've got to find out, and fast." "Before the real shooting starts." "This damn thing could blow up into a full-scale war." "When you get to Tokyo, go to that name and address." "Our man Henderson will contact you there." " Henderson." " Captain here." "Full ahead." "Right." " Well, that's all." " Thank you, sir." " 007." " Sir?" "We've only three weeks to the next American launch." " You know that?" " Yes, sir." "My sources tell me the Russians are planning one even earlier." " So move fast, 007." " Yes, sir." "Oh, by the way, how was the girl?" "Which girl?" "Er, the Chinese one we fixed you up with." "Another five minutes, I'd have found out." "Hmm, she'll never know what she missed." "Miss Moneypenny, give 007 the password we've agreed" " with Japanese SIS." " Yes, sir." "We tried to think of something you wouldn't forget." "Yes?" "I..." "love... you." "Repeat it, please, to make sure you get it." "Don't worry, I get it." "Sayonara." "James... good luck." "Instant Japanese." "You may need it." "You forget, I took a first in oriental languages at Cambridge." "Stand by to load." "Lift to the launch!" "Tube loaded." "Hubcap open." "Fire." "This is your ticket." "Thank you." "Dozo." "I love you." "I have a car nearby." " Oh, where do you suggest we go?" " I know a quiet hotel." " And?" " Where your friend is waiting." "Mr Henderson." "Wasn't Mr Henderson able to come himself?" " I suppose not." " Why?" "He didn't say." "Well, I think it's about hotel-time." "How long have you worked for Henderson?" "Long enough to learn not to discuss such matters with strangers." " Mr Henderson's waiting for you." " You're not coming in with me?" "Mr Henderson would like to see you alone." "Do come in." "Mr Henderson?" "At your service." "I believe, um... you wanted to ask me some questions." "Yes." "Excuse me." " Thank you." " I'm glad you got it right." "I lost that in Singapore in '42." "You must excuse this rather odd mixture of styles, but I refuse to go entirely Japanese." "Very fond of some of these old things." " You've never been to Japan before?" " No, never." "I myself have lived here for, er 28 years." "And I'm just beginning to know my way about." " Your most vital contact will be Tanaka." " Tanaka?" "He's head of the Japanese secret service." "And his identity is the most closely guarded secret in Japan." "When can I see him?" " You can see Tiger tonight." " Tiger?" "His closest friends are permitted to call him that." " Do you have any leads of your own?" " Yes, I do." "Oh, that's stirred not shaken." "That was right?" "Perfect." " Cheers." " Cheers." "Russian vodka." "Well done." "Yes, I get it from the doorman at the Russian embassy." "Amongst certain other things." "Now, look." "I think London's theory about the missile being fired from this country is right." "I don't know how or where." "And don't ask me who's doing it either." "But I have a fairly shrewd idea that a major foreign power is behind it all." "You mean, apart from Russia and Japan?" "Oh, it's not Russia, old boy, I'm sure of that." "It's not Japan either." "Although a large Japanese industrial concern is..." "Good evening." "Cheers." "Siamese vodka?" "There he is!" "Freeze!" "Get in, quick!" "Now, what the hell's the score?" "What do you mean?" "My job is to help you." "Like you helped Henderson?" "I'm taking you to a place of safety." "No, this time I'm taking you." "I want some information now." " I have no information to give you." " We'll see about that." "Slow down." "Welcome." "Welcome to Japan, Mr Bond." "It is a great pleasure to meet you at last." "And how do you like our country so far?" "I am a trifle disappointed at the ease with which I could pull you in." "The one thing my honourable mother taught me long ago was never to get into a car with a strange girl." "But you, I'm afraid, will get into anything with any girl!" "I must say, you have a lot of energy for a dead man, Mr Bond." "You are James Bond, aren't you?" "I am so very pleased to meet you, Bond-san." "I really am." "Permit me to introduce myself." "My name is Tanaka." "Please call me Tiger." "If you're Tanaka, how do you feel about me?" "I..." "love you." "I'm glad we got that out of the way." "I'd like you to examine these as soon as possible." "They're from Osato's safe." "This is an order for naval stores." "500 kilos of butter, 50 containers of lox." "What is lox?" "An American name for smoked salmon." "But it's also the technical name for liquid oxygen." "Which makes rocket fuel." " Very interesting." " Yes." "We must go." "The journey out will be more dignified than the journey in." "That wouldn't be difficult." "Oh, I'd like that negative enlarged." "OK." "My private train." "I never travel in the streets of Tokyo." "In my position, it would be most unwise." "Very convenient." "I imagine that your Mr M in London has a similar arrangement." "M?" "Oh yes, but of course." "Then the girl in the white sports car's one of us." " Aki?" "Yes." " Very competent." " Domo arigato." " Dozo." "Do you like Japanese sake, or would you prefer vodka martini?" "Oh, no." "I like sake." "Especially when it's served at the correct temperature." "98.4° Fahrenheit, like this is." "For a European, you are exceptionally cultivated." " We'll see the photograph you found." " Good." "A ship and a strip of land." "It could be anywhere." "My men found a microdot on the paper." "Enlarge!" "It says, 'Photograph taken by female American tourist from coastal vessel.'" "'The woman has been liquidated as a routine precaution.'" " Can we see the photograph again?" " Of course." "So, they killed an innocent tourist for taking this?" "Can you make it bigger?" "Ning-Po." "Check motor vessel Ning-Po." "Full details." "All recent movements and present whereabouts." " What's that on the left?" " Focus on the left!" "Aha!" "Ama." "Diving girls." "Can you identify that coastline?" "Given time, yes." " Who is the head of Osato Chemicals?" " Mr Osato." "Can you arrange an appointment with him tomorrow?" "Of course." "But tonight, consider my house yours." "Including all of my possessions, naturally." "My friend, now you take your first civilised bath." "Really?" "Well, I like the plumbing." "Place yourself entirely in their hands, my dear Bond-san." "Rule number one, is never do anything for yourself when someone else can do it for you." " And number two?" " Rule number two, in Japan, men always come first." "Women come second." "I might just retire to here." "Your English girls would never perform this simple service." "I know one or two who might get round to it." "Miss Moneypenny, perhaps?" "We have our sources, Bond-san, just like you." "Don't get the soap in my eye, will you?" "I suppose you know what it is about you that fascinates them." "It's the hair on your chest." "Japanese men have beautiful bare skin." "Japanese proverb say," "'Bird never make nest in bare tree.'" "If Henderson's theory is right, why would a foreign power want to launch missiles from Japan?" "Because if they were discovered, they could deny responsibility." "Especially if some private organisation's doing the work." " Osato?" " Perhaps." "Mr Osato is one of our greatest industrialists." "No, he's merely a front." " Who is big enough?" " SPECTRE." "Could be." "Now, massage." "Which girl do you select?" "I'll settle for this little old lady here." "Good choice." "She's very sexyful." "The last time someone gave me a massage was in Hong Kong." "But unfortunately..." "we had to cut it short." "We were rudely interrupted by a couple of gunmen." "So, we never got around to finishing it." "This time, you shall finish it." "Aki." "No one will disturb you tonight." "I think I will enjoy very much serving under you." " Mr Fisher?" " Yes." " This way, please." " Thank you." "Please come in, Mr Fisher." " Mr Osato is expecting you." " Thank you." "You are three and a half minutes early." "Please be seated." " How do you do, Mr Fisher?" " How do you do?" "Miss Grant, my confidential secretary." " Hello." " Hello." " May we offer you some champagne?" " No, thank you, it's too early for me." " You're quite sure?" " Quite sure." "I always take a glass in the morning." " You should try it." " It's bad for your liver." " Nonsense, it adds a sparkle to the day." " I'm sure it does." "A Dom Pérignon '59, Mr Fisher." " Sure you won't change your mind?" " Well, if you insist." " Please be seated, Mr Fisher." " Thank you." "So, you are the new managing director" " of Empire Chemicals?" " Yes." " What happened to Williamson?" " Williamson?" "Ah, yes, he died rather suddenly, poor chap." "Ah, so." "From what?" "He fell into a pulveriser at the works." "Ah, so." "How shocking." " A very honourable death, all the same." " Very." "He gained great face with the company." "I hope you are not taking any risks yourself, Mr Fisher." "Me?" "I never take any risks." "You forgive me for saying so, but, er" "I think you are taking one now." "I am?" "Mm-hm." "You should give up smoking." "Cigarettes are very bad for your chest." "Mr Osato believes in a healthy chest." "Really?" "Now then, you must tell me what I can do for you." "We're interested in the bulk-buying of fermentation chemicals." "Monosodium glutamate and ascorbic acid." " Would you like a manufacturing licence?" " Yes, very much." "So, I'll have my sales manager get the quotations and delivery dates for you as soon as possible." "We'll contact you later today at your hotel." " Which hotel are you staying at?" " The Hilton." "Goodbye, Mr Fisher." " A pleasure to meet you." " A pleasure to meet you, too." " Goodbye, Miss Brandt." " Goodbye, Mr Fisher." "Kill him." "Get down!" "294 here." "Tiger, immediate." "Come in, 294." "Zero-zero is with me." "We are being chased by gunmen, in black sedan." "I'm heading south for Highway Two." "Arrange usual reception, please." " How's that for Japanese efficiency?" " Just a drop in the ocean." " Zero-zero?" " Yes, Tiger." "Ning-Po is owned by Osato Chemicals." " That fits." "Go on." " Vessel now loading in Kobe docks." "Sailing for Shanghai at 5pm this afternoon." "Suggest you proceed Kobe immediately to look her over." " Can we make it?" " Yes, just." "Proceeding immediately, Kobe docks." "Tiger, contact M." "Tell him to send Little Nellie." "Repeat, Little Nellie." "Suggest she be accompanied by her father." "Most urgent." "Understood?" "Understood." "Condensation, ice-cold." "Liquid oxygen." "Aaargh!" "Get out of here." "Contact Tanaka." "I'm not leaving you." "Tell him to keep that ship shadowed." "Go now." "Take him to Number 11." " Wake him up." " Are you finished?" "Where am I?" "You're in my cabin on the Ning-Po." "Leave him to me now." "Wait in there." "And shut the door." "I've got you now." "Well, enjoy yourself." " Who are you working for?" " Empire Chemicals, you know that." " Do all their people carry guns?" " When they're abroad, yes." "And why were you snooping around the docks?" "I like ships." "And I used to be a sailor." "You are a liar." " Do you know what this is?" " I'd rather not." "Plastic surgeons call it a dermatome." "They use it to slice off skin." "I hope you won't force me to use it." "Now, what's a nice girl like you doing in a place like this?" "I have a confession to make." "What?" "Actually, I'm a spy." "I know that." "I suppose you know that industrial secrets are big business?" "Mm-hm." "Well, I've stolen Osato's new process for making monosodium glutamate." "And, er..." "Well, it's worth" "$300,000." "So?" "Well, I'll split it with you if you'll get me out of here and back to Tokyo." "That's a nice offer." " How about it?" " I'm afraid not." "Why?" "Osato would kill me." "We could fly to Europe tomorrow, you and I." "Er..." "Oh, the things I do for England." "Now, you are going to need some very close... protection tonight in Tokyo because... well, that's when they'll try and get at you." "You'll need the best man we've got." "And, er... who do you suggest?" "Well, me." "I'm afraid I have another appointment tonight, Mr Fisher." "I'm awfully sorry to leave you, but I have to get off." "Chasing girls will be the end of you, Bond-san, I have told you before." "He didn't chase her." "He did it so I could get away." "He wouldn't touch that horrible girl." " Would you?" " Oh, heaven forbid." "Any progress?" "Yes." "We identified the coastline in the photograph." "It is an island called Matsu, on the direct route between Kobe and Shanghai." "We shadowed the Ning-Po in a helicopter." " Did it stop at the island?" " I think so." "It was a very dark night." "Impossible to see her all the time." "But we know she stopped somewhere." "Look at these." "That one we took last night." "And that one, early this morning." " Notice, please, the water line." " You're right." "Fully laden here and empty here." "I want to take a fast look at the island now." " Has Little Nellie arrived yet?" " Yes, and her father." "Ah, welcome to Japan, Dad." "Is my little girl hot and ready?" "Look, 007, I've had a long and tiring journey, probably to no purpose." "I'm in no mood for your juvenile quips." "I have much curiosity, Bond-san." "What is Little Nellie?" "Oh, she's a wonderful girl." "Very small, quite fast." "Can do anything." "Just your type." "A toy helicopter?" "No, it's certainly not a toy!" "You'll see." "We've made some improvements since you used her last." " I'll give you the drill." " This is only for children." "Don't use it!" "Take my helicopter instead." "Right." "Now pay attention." " Two machine guns, fixed." " Synchronised to what?" "100 yards, using incendiaries and high explosives." "Two rocket launchers," " forward-firing on either side." " Fine." "Now, these fire heat-seeking air-to-air missiles. 60 a minute." "Good." "Flame guns." "Two of 'em." "Firing astern." " What range?" " 80 yards." "Two smoke ejectors next door." "Aerial mines." "Now remember, use them only when directly above target." " That's about the lot." "You know the rest." " Yes." "Cine camera." " Tanaka, listen in on 410 megacycles." " Good luck!" "I'll contact you when I get over the island." "Be careful, Bond-san!" "Hello, Base One." "I'm over the island and the fishing village." "Nothing to report." "We'll keep listening." "Hello, Base One." "There's nothing here but volcanoes." "Understood." "Carry on." " Hello, Base One." " Listening." "Little Nellie got a hot reception." "Four big-shots made improper advances, but she defended her honour with great success." " Heading for home." " Do not come home." "Russian space shot imminent." "Proceed vector 4-6 degrees and await instructions." " Understood?" " Roger and out." "Tri, dva, edin." "Shiganya!" "Clear the area." "Clear the area." "Prepare for reception." "Radar blackout is now complete." "Moscow radio's already saying we did it." "The president's called a press conference for 2pm." "He'll deny emphatically we were involved." " But can we prove it?" " Of course not." "No one will believe the Russians did it." "Now they'll use the excuse to shoot down our next Jupiter." "Houston to Washington." "We followed him for one orbit, now he's off the screen." "That means he's coming down." " Yeah, but where?" " Some place in Russia." "It has to be." "The British theory about Japan is nonsense." " Forget Japan." " I agree." "We've re-photographed every square inch." "Ventilator fans to full power." "Open all air ducts." "Area safe to enter." "All crews to stations." "All air ducts to normal." "Air ducts opened." " Close crater." " Closing crater." "Fire guards to station." "Ventilator fans to normal." "Open shutters." "Reception complete." "Withdraw captive spaceship." "Guards to stations." " Remove the prisoners." " Remove the prisoners." "I shall be in my apartment." "I may send for you later." "I must congratulate you, gentlemen, upon your superb equipment." "We congratulate you, sir, upon the way you handle it." "Our clients are satisfied with the progress so far?" " My government is quite satisfied." " Good." "Hans!" "You will see that my piranha fish get very hungry." "They can strip a man to the bone in 30 seconds." "I have decided to ask for a little money in advance." "I want the sum of 100 million dollars, in gold bullion, deposited in our account in Buenos Aires." "Our agreement states no money should be paid until war has broken out between Russia and the United States." " This is extortion." " Extortion is my business." "Go and think it over, gentlemen." "I'm busy." "Osato and Number 11, report now." "An unknown Englishman was in your office the other day." "Correct, Number One." " Do you know what gun this is?" " Walther PPK." "Only one person we know uses this sort of gun." "James Bond." " But Bond is dead." " It was in all the newspapers." "Rubbish." "Bond is alive." "Unless you killed him, Mr Osato?" "Don't tell me you let him go." "I gave Number 11 the strictest orders to eliminate him." "And did she?" "She failed." "You should have killed him." "You had plenty of opportunity." "This organisation does not tolerate failure." " I know, but you see, I..." " Go!" "Well?" "Aagghh!" "Osato!" "Kill Bond!" "Now!" "Yes, Number One." "Yes." "Yes, yes." " Hello." " Bad news from outer space." "Yes, I heard it." "Now the Russians are accusing the Americans." "Next time it will be war." " We'll have to get down to the volcanoes." " I agree." "We'll also need a company of first-rate men." "Do you have any commandos here?" "I have much, much better." "Ninjas." "Top-secret, Bond-san." "This is my ninja training school." " Ninjas?" " The art of concealment and surprise." "This must develop very fast reflex actions." "And spiritual strength." "Now, we will see some modern ninjas." "My plan is this." "I make a base on the Ama island." "100 of my ninjas will slide in unseen." "They will be workers and fishermen." " What about me?" " Later." "But for the moment, these will interest you." "Rocket guns." "Very powerful." "See the holes in the back for jet propulsion." " It's a fine gun." " All rocket guns." "This is our special baby rocket." "Very useful for people who smoke too many cigarettes, like you." " Accurate up to 30 yards." " Very neat." " It can save your life." " You sound like a commercial." " What's the plan for me?" " First, you become a Japanese." "Second, you train hard and quickly to become a ninja like us." "And third, to give you extra-special cover, you take a wife." "Regretfully impossible." "You must marry Ama girl." "One who is known on the island." " Is she pretty?" " She has a face like a pig." " To hell with that idea." " But this is duty." "Hmph!" "The girl I have chosen is an agent of mine." "But first, you must become Japanese." " Eyepieces to Hera." " Eyepieces to Hera." "Why don't you just dye the parts that show?" " Konbanwa." " Konbanwa." "Tiger said, from now on, you must do everything Japanese-style." "Everything?" "Good for Tiger." "I'm..." "I..." "I..." "Aki!" "I'm..." "She's dead." "Poisoned." "Tiger, we must get to that island." "You're almost ready." "Just two more days' training." " You killed him." " Yeah, he tried to kill me." "This man is a stranger from outside." "It's lucky we're getting out of here." "Tomorrow you will be a poor Japanese worker, with humble Japanese wife." "Yeah, with a face like a pig." "My men are already ashore." "All over the island." "We have four days left." "It is not much time." "This is my house." "My friend has made us some food." "Do you live here alone?" "Yes." "My parents are dead." "Sit down, please." "Oysters." "Is this the only room there is?" "Yes." "That is your bed." "I shall sleep over there." " We're supposed to be married." " Think again, please." "You gave false name to priest." "But we must keep up appearances!" "We're on our honeymoon." "No honeymoon." "This is business." "Well, I won't need these." " Bond-san." " What's wrong?" "The Americans have changed the launching date." "The countdown has already started." "The president has given a last warning to the Russians." " When does it go up?" " Tonight, midnight." "Our time." " Did your men search the island?" " Yes." "There is nothing but volcanoes." "Everything is so normal around here." " Nothing happens." " One thing has happened." "Yesterday an Ama girl rowed her boat into Ryuzaki." " Ryuzaki?" " It is a big cave on the mainland." "And when her boat floated out again, she was dead." " Was that the funeral we saw yesterday?" " Yes." " How did she die?" " Nobody knows." " Can you take me to this cave?" " Yes." "We'll slip away from the fishing fleet in the morning." "All right?" "Now, where is this cave?" "It's straight across." "The cave is over there." "Gas." "Get over the side." "Quick!" "Phosgene gas, to keep the visitors away." "Did you notice the sulphur on the walls?" " The yellow?" " Yes." "It was once an underground outlet for the volcanic lava." " There must be a long tunnel." " Miles of it." "It leads all the way, right up to the top." "That's where we have to go." "Can you make it?" "Of course." "It's business." "Good." "May I rest a moment?" "Surely." " It's hard work." " Mm." "Some honeymoon!" "It's going down!" "Into the volcano!" "Heliport to position." "The honeymoon's over." "Come on." "This volcano isn't active, is it?" "It never has been." "Not in my lifetime." "There's been some terrific heat here recently." "What happened to the helicopter?" "It's down there somewhere." "Come on." "Stand by." "Mark." "Stand by for ten-second countdown." "10, 9, 8..." "All units worldwide will remain at readiness so long as the spacecraft is in orbit." "...3, 2, 1." "Ignition." "This is it, gentlemen." "All we can do now is wait and pray." "Is that deep?" "They usually are - very." "It's metal!" "Wait here." "Heliport to takeoff position." "Open crater." "Emergency crews to stations." "Go to Tanaka." "Tell him to come with every man he's got." "Yes." "Heliport to standby position." "Astronauts to dressing rooms." "Attention, attention." "American target vehicle is now in orbit." "Interception will take place in two hours' time." "Washington, this is Houston." "Houston to Washington." "Our vehicle is now 120 nautical miles altitude, 170 miles downrange." "Jupiterto Houston, we now have second phase." "Roger, Jupiter." "Four hours 36 minutes into the mission." " Can you give us a time?" " Roger." "Connect igniter cable." "Radar technicians, report to control room." "T minus 100 minutes and counting." "Did you volunteer for astronaut training?" "In our country, we say cosmonaut." "Yes, both of us..." "Yes, since six months we started training." "Good evening." "Who the hell are you?" "Stand back, I'm gonna blow the lock." "Stand back." "Get into their uniforms." "Astronauts have two minutes." "Repeat, two minutes." "Reserve astronaut to stand by." " Lock on target." " Lock on target vehicle." "Check secondary guidance." "Launch time is now T minus 90 minutes and counting." "Astronauts to launching pad." "Astronauts to launching pad." "Repeat, astronauts to launching pad immediately." "Crews, stand by on gantry." " Stop that astronaut." "Bring him to me." " Stop that astronaut!" " Summon the reserve astronaut!" " Reserve astronaut!" "Reserve astronaut to launching pad, immediately." "Re-coordinate with target vehicle." "A new update with target vehicle has been received from computers." "We now have T minus seven minutes and counting." "You made a mistake, my friend." "No astronaut enters the capsule with his air conditioner." "Remove his helmet!" "James Bond." "Allow me to introduce myself." "I am Ernst Stavro Blofeld." "They told me you were assassinated in Hong Kong." "Yes, this is my second life." "You only live twice, Mr Bond." "Target vehicle passing over central Russia." "Approaching Mongolia." "Track is as predicted." "All computers..." "As you see, I am about to inaugurate a little war." "In a matter of hours, when America and Russia have annihilated each other, we shall see a new power dominating the world." " Target vehicle on scope." " Brief check on target vehicle." "Remove his suit and search him." "Reserve astronaut ready on Bird 1." " Prepare for firing." " Prepare for firing." "Clear the area." "Emergency services to stand by." "Area now clear." "T minus one minute, 30 seconds and counting." "Re-coordinate with target vehicle." "Bird 1 now in readiness." "Astronauts ready on Bird." "All systems are go." " Close shutters." " Close shutters." " Radar blackout commence." " Radar blackout in operation." "Effective range, kilometres 800." " Open crater." " Opening crater." "Crater opening." "Bird 1 to liftoff position." "Gimbal the engines." "Pressurised tanks open." "Ventilator fans to full power." "10 seconds." "9, 8, 7, 6," "5, 4, 3, 2," "1, 0." "Ignition." "Close crater!" "Closing crater." "Open shutters!" "Bird 1 to base." "Separation complete." "Confirm acquisition." "Calling Bird 1." "You are 70 nautical miles downrange." "200 miles altitude." "Hans, our job will soon be done." "Blow them up as soon as they have captured the Americans." "Here is the key to operate the exploder button." "There are men in the crater!" "Crater guns, fire." "Crater guns, open fire." "The firing power inside my crater is enough to annihilate a small army." "You can watch it all on TV." "It's the last programme you're likely to see." "If I'm going to be forced to watch television, may I smoke?" "Yes." "Give him his cigarettes." "It won't be the nicotine that kills you, Mr Bond." "Armed guards to control room." " Close the crater." " Close crater!" "I shall look forward personally to exterminating you, Mr Bond." "Close the shutters." "We are now impregnable." "Interception takes place in eight minutes." "Nothing can prevent that." "Impregnable?" " Come with me, Mr Bond." " Bird 1 to base." "Locked on target." " Osato?" " Yes, Number One?" "Base calling Bird 1." "You are to assume full control of operation from now on." "Seven minutes to interception." "Roger, Base One." "Houston, this is Hawaii." "We have an unidentified object on scope." "Order first alert." "Arm all weapons." "Interception will occur in six minutes." "This is the price of failure, Mr Bond." "Come on." "Goodbye, Mr Bond." "There's an exploder button in the control room." "We've got to get up there." "Impossible." "Too well defended." "Evacuate the control!" "Control room technicians." "There must be another way up there." "Give me cover till I get to the staircase." "Bon appétit." "Closing fast on our vehicle." "Orbit identical." "All units stand by for codeword." "Codeword is imminent." "I repeat, closing fast on our vehicle." "It's blown up!" "The enemy!" "I repeat, the enemy has blown up." "All units will return to first alert." "Codeword is not, I say again, not imminent." "Tiger..." "We've done it." "Down the tunnel!" "Steady." "Now... about that honeymoon." "Why not?" "But they'll never let you stay." "But they'll never find us." " Dinghy's on board, sir." " Tell him to come below and report." "It'll be a pleasure, sir." "You only live twice" "Or so it seems" "One life for yourself" "And one for your dreams" "You drift through the years" "And life seems tame" "Till one dream appears" "And love is its name" "And love is a stranger" "Who'll beckon you on" "Don't think of the danger" "Or the stranger is gone" "This dream is for you" "So pay the price" "Make one dream come true" "You only live twice" "English" " US" " SDH" |
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} | Q:
Sonata Admin remove the batch column from list view
Symfony 2.3.25, SonataAdminBundle
If i remove the 'delete' route from my admin by
$collection->clearExcept(array('list'));
in configureRoutes I get no 'batch' column in List View, which is what I want.
But I need the 'delete' action.
When I configureRoutes:
$collection->clearExcept(array('list', 'delete'));
I get the 'batch' column back, which I do not want. I do not want any batch actions or batch columns or anything batch.
I do want a 'Delete' button per row in an Actions column, which I get.
How do I suppress the batch column in list view?
A:
You can remove or add batch actions by overriding the batchActions method.
You just have to add your own batchActions method in your Admin class.
To remove the delete action you have to do this :
class Admin
{
public function getBatchActions()
{
$actions = parent::getBatchActions();
unset($actions['delete']);
return $actions;
}
}
The documentation of the default SonataAdmin batchActions method : https://github.com/sonata-project/SonataAdminBundle/blob/master/Admin/Admin.php#L1142
|
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} | François Fillon may face legal proceedings this week over charges he wrongfully employed his wife and children while a senator.
Financial prosecutors investigating the case are thought to be planning to bring charges against the couple or open a criminal investigation later this week, according to unnamed sources cited by the Journal du Dimanche.
The paper claimed Mr. Fillon’s lawyers have now lost hope that charges will be dropped. However, the prosecutor’s office has downplayed the report, saying “No decision has been taken at this stage of the inquiry” adding that “no time-frame has been set so far”, The Telegraph has reported.
Right wing and centrist political figures have rallied behind Mr. Fillon, accusing the judiciary of interfering in the election by launching an unwarranted inquiry.
The chairmen of Les Républicans, Mr. Fillon’s party, in both the National Assembly and the Senate joined forces with centrist leaders in the two houses to issue a statement claiming the case against Fillon was “flawed”.
The candidate has vowed to fight on, despite slipping from first to third place in the polls, taking to Facebook in early February to tell supporters “Hold the line. We’ll get through this ordeal together and march on to victory.”
Although he has apologised for employing his family, conceding the practice was no longer acceptable, he has defended himself by pointing out that it was commonplace while he was a senator. He has also hit out at the left, accusing them of running a “very professional slander campaign” to discredit him in the hope of seeing the pro-European Union Emmanuel Macron elected.
Front National leader Marine Le Pen currently tops the polls for the first round of voting, followed by Macron and then Fillon. She is widely expected to lose out to Macron in the second head-to-head round of voting, but Fillon has warned that his supporters are more likely to flock to her.
“If I cannot be the candidate, do you think that Emmanuel Macron will beat Marine Le Pen?” he asked supporters. “No, my voters will go over to Madame Le Pen.”
Le Pen officially launched her campaign last week under the banner “France First”, hitting out at globalisation and Islamic extremism, and vowing to take France out of the EU.
Fillon meanwhile has built his support from a Catholic, socially conservative bloc which grew out of opposition to gay marriage. He pointed out that those supporters are far more likely to back Le Pen’s platform of preserving French culture than they are to vote for a pro-EU, globalist candidate. |
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} | Cross-linking and postfunctionalization of polymer films by utilizing the orthogonal reactivity of 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane.
Cross-linked polymer films are prepared by the alternating copolymerization of 4-chloromethylstyrene and 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane comonomers, which is followed by the postfunctional surface modification with donor-acceptor chromophores or redox active components using click chemistry reactions. |
{
"pile_set_name": "FreeLaw"
} | The Honorable Henry Wade Opinion NO. k- a82
Criminal District Attorney
Dallas Government Center Re: Whether the housing
Dallas, Texas 75202 authority may finance a
housing project by means
of a deed of trust note
bearing interest in excess
of as per annum.
Dear Mr. Wade:
You ask whether the Housing Authority of the City of
Dallas, created pursuant to the Housing Authorities Law,
article 1269k, V.T.C.S., may finance a housing project by
means of a deed of trust note bearing interest in excess of
8% per annum. The Housing Authority proposes to finance
the construction loan and the permanent mortgage loan with
the assistance of mortgage insurance issued by the Secretary
of Housing and Urban Development (hereinafter HUD/FHA),
acting by and through the Federal Housing Commission pursuant
to section 231 of the National Housing Act (codified at 12
U.S.C.A. 1715~ [Supp. 19761). The current permissible
interest rate for HUD/FHA insured mortgage loans under
section 231 is 9% per annum. The note would be repaid out
of revenue generated from the project and housing assistance
payments from HUD/FHA. There would be no bond underwriting
or sale in this transaction.
Section 3 of article 1269k defines bond as follows:
[Ulnless a different meaning clearly
appears from the context . . .
(k) 'Bonds' shall mean any bonds,
notes, interim certificates, debentures,
or other obligations issued by the
authority pursuant to this Act.
p. 3715
The Honorable Henry Wade - page 2 (H-992)
Section 15, as amended by Acts 1971, 62nd Leg., ch. 416,
P. 1555, provides for the sale of bonds:
Bonds of an authority shall be authorized
by its resolution and may be issued in one
or more series and shall bear such date
or dates, mature at such time or times,
bear interest at such rate or rates, not
exceeding eight (9) per centum per annum,
be in such denomination or denominations,
be in such form, either coupon or registered,
carry such conversion or registration privileges,
have such rank or priority, be executed in
such manner, be payable in such medium of
payment, at such place or places, and be
subject to such terms of redemption (with or
without premium) as such resolution, its
trust indenture or mortgage may provide.
The bonds may be sold at not less than
par at public sale held after notice
published once at least five (5) days prior
to such sale in a newspaper having a general
circulation in the city or the county and in
a financial newspaper published in the City of
New York, New York, provided, however, that
such bonds may be sold at not less than par to
the Federal Government at private sale without
any public advertisement. . . .
The "bonds" governed by section 15 do not include every
kind of obligation listed in the section 3 definition. A
different meaning appears from the context of section 15,
which refers to par value instruments issued in such numbers
that a public sale is the usual method of distributing them.
We believe that section 15, with its 9% interest ceiling
would be held not to apply to the note proposed in this
financing scheme.
Moreover, section 21 gives the housing authority
additional powers to exercise to the end of securing federal
assistance:
p. 3716
The Honorable Henry Wade - page 3 (H-882)
In addition to the powers conferred upon
an authority by other provisions of this
Act, an authority is empowered to borrow
money or accept grants or other financial
assistance from the Federal Government for
or in aid of any housing project within its
area of operation, to take over or lease or
manage any housing project or undertaking
constructed or owned by the Federal Govern-
ment, and to these ends, to comply with
such conditions and enter into such mortgages,
trust indentures, leases, or agreements as
may be necessary, convenient or desirable.
It is the purpose and intent of this Act
to authorize every authority to do any and
all things necessary or desirable to secure
the financial aid or cooperation of the
Federal Government in the undertaking,
construction, maintenance, or operation of
any housing project by such authority.
This section does not limit the interest that may be paid as
a condition to securing federal assistance and it expresses
the intent to authorize compliance with such conditions. This
expression of intent further supports our conclusion that
section 15 does not apply to the proposed note, which the
housing authority wishes to execute as a condition to securing
federal assistance in the form of HUD/FHA mortgage insurance.
SUMMARY
The Housing Authority of the City of Dallas
may finance a project with a note bearing
interest in excess of 8% per annum.
,Very truly yours,
JOHN L. HILL
// Attorney General of Texas
p. 3717
The Honorable Henry Wade - page 4 (H-882)
APPROVED
Opinion Committee
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | February 16.14 "Walk to GTac's Golden Goose"
Join the Health and Education Learning Project (HELP) and the Penokee Hills Education Project on a trek to the Golden Goose Red Zone. This trek will end at the GGRZ which is the Red Zone occupied by GTac operatives and designed and protected by Scott Walker and his Tea bagger devotees, Senators Tom "Taconite" Tiffany. Luther Olsen, Mike Ellis, Alberta Darling, and Bobby "Mr. Science" Cowles. THIS WINTER WALK WILL BE CONDUCTED ONLY ON LANDS OPEN TO THE PUBLIC. The walk will end at the borders of the Golden Goose Red Zone. Hopefully Cowles, Ellis, Olsen, Darling and their fearless leaders Walker and Taconite Tom will meet us at the border of their new intentional community building efforts in the Golden Goose Red Zone - Wisconsin's very own third world country.
Area residents will enter the area deemed “closed to the public” by Gtac officials
Wisconsin citizens working to protect the pristine environment of the Penokee Range in Northern Wisconsin from morally illegitimate mining exploration and socially unacceptable environment degradation will gather on Sunday, February 16 from 1- 3 PM to help bring public awareness to the proposed destruction of Wisconsin's natural resources. A 2 PM Press conference on Moore Park Siding, approximately 5 miles east of Mellen on Highway 77, will feature citizens who will enter the area deemed “closed to the public” by Gtac officials. Dubbed the “Hunt to Save the Golden Goose” now laying pristine golden eggs of clean water, forests, lakes, trout streams, asbestos-free air and unlimited prosperity in a growing tourist-based economy, this action will include citizens who have worked tirelessly to prevent a mine, once highlighted to be one of the world’s largest open pit mines by Gogebic Taconite, from destroying the livelihood of regional farmers, tourist-based businesses and resource harvesters. The mining project is headed by Gogebic Taconite (Gtac) Manager Bill Williams, currently under investigation for committing environmental crimes in Spain.. While pro-mining legislation prevailed in the GOP-dominated atmosphere of Tea Party politics and millions of dollars in lobbying contributions during the 2010-2012 election cycle, a wide majority of citizens in Northern Wisconsin oppose the project funded by the 18 th richest billionaire in the world, Chris Cline of Florida. Citizens from Northern Wisconsin, Iron and Ashland Counties, the Chippewa Federation and those with historic ties to the ceded territory in the Bad River Watershed, and others impacted by downstream degradation from the huge open pit operation have declared their intent to violate the alleged closing of Public Managed Forest Lands (MFL) under a special law introduced by pro-mining Senator Tom Tiffany (R-Hazelhurst). Tiffany said it was the intent of the original pro-mining, streamlined permitting process bill, known as SB-1, and written by Gogebic Taconite attorneys, to “allow degradation of the environment.” Senator Tiffany introduced further legislation to prevent citizens from monitoring mining exploration and charting sedimentation of trout streams and wetlands, reported by the public and confirmed by the Wisconsin Dept. of Natural Resources during drilling in the summer of 2013. The closure also allegedly prevents Chippewa Treaty citizens from observing and harvesting reserved resources. |
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} | Q:
PHP echo with Javascript error
'.(($disablez > 0)?'<script type="text/javascript"> $(".lcs_check"").lcs_on(); </script>':"").'
Hello, I am using this code inside an echo. but the problem is it doesnt work!. the main point is its a switch that turns ON/OFF and I use PHP codes to get the value but now I want it to be on if it found the disablez more than 0,
I tried putting $(".lcs_check"").lcs_on(); in a <style> outside the echo and it works fine.
Full Echo
echo' <form action="" method="post">
<div class="control-group">
<label for="title" class="pull-left label label-info span2">News Name</label>
<div class="control">
<input type="text" id="title" name="title" value="'.$row["title"].'"" />
</div>
</div> <br /><br /><br />
<div>
<label for="content" style="padding-top: 7px;"class="pull-left label label-info span2">Description</label><br /><br />
<div class="control">
<textarea class="ckeditor" name="content" id="content" cols="30" rows="10"> '.$row["content"].' </textarea>
</div>
</div> <br />
<div class="control-group">
<p><input type="checkbox" name="check-1" id="check-1"value="1" class="lcs_check" autocomplete="off" /></p>
'.(($disablez > 0)?'<script type="text/javascript"> $(".lcs_check"").lcs_on(); </script>':"").'
</div>
<div class="control-group">
<div class="control">
<input id="addProjectAdd" type="submit" class="btn btn-sharp btn-success" value="Update News" />
</div>
</div>
</form>';
}
A:
echo '...</p> ' . ($disablez > 0) ? '<script> $(".lcs_check").lcs_on(); </script>':'' . ' </div> ...';
If your code is correct, this should do the trick
Update.. Full Code..
echo' <form action="" method="post">
<div class="control-group">
<label for="title" class="pull-left label label-info span2">News Name</label>
<div class="control">
<input type="text" id="title" name="title" value="'.$row["title"].'" />
</div>
</div> <br /><br /><br />
<div>
<label for="content" style="padding-top: 7px;"class="pull-left label label-info span2">Description</label><br /><br />
<div class="control">
<textarea class="ckeditor" name="content" id="content" cols="30" rows="10"> '.$row["content"].' </textarea>
</div>
</div> <br />
<div class="control-group">
<p><input type="checkbox" name="check-1" id="check-1"value="1" class="lcs_check" autocomplete="off" /></p>
' . ($disablez > 0) ? '<script> $(".lcs_check").lcs_on(); </script>':'' . '
</div>
<div class="control-group">
<div class="control">
<input id="addProjectAdd" type="submit" class="btn btn-sharp btn-success" value="Update News" />
</div>
</div>
</form>';
|
{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
} | 1. Field
The embodiments discussed herein are directed to a storage apparatus including a storage including a control unit and an additional storage medium. and a method of stopping an operation of a storage device.
2. Description of the Related Art
Storage apparatuses including a basic storage device including a control unit for controlling external access and a storage medium, and an add-on storage device including an additional storage medium, in which a large capacity can be realized by connecting the add-on storage device to the basic storage device, have been available.
Since the basic storage device and the add-on storage device can be implemented as separate devices, the power supply of the basic storage device and the power supply of the add-on storage device are generally separately managed.
Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2001-339853 discloses a technique in which a basic storage device is provided with a function of managing the power supply of an add-on storage device so that the basic storage device can provide unified management of its power supply and the power supply of the add-on storage device is known. According to this technique, for example, once a user presses a stop button of the basic storage device, the operation of the basic storage device which is in operation is stopped and the operation of the add-on storage device which is in operation is also stopped.
This technique may not require a user to press a stop button of each of a plurality of add-on storage devices that are in operation to stop the operation of the plurality of add-on storage devices to improve operability. Preventing an occurrence of failure in a storage apparatus due to accidental termination of an add-on storage device caused by an accident such as a user's erroneous operation when the storage apparatus is being accessed from the outside may also be achieved.
This technique can f be used so a storage apparatus having connected therein an add-on storage device does not include a start button or stop button. Therefore, the cost required to provide a start button or stop button on an add-on storage device can be reduced, and risk of erroneous operation for an add-on storage device reduced.
However, where a basic storage device, for example, performs unified power-supply management, there can be problems, for example, in that if the basic storage device has failed, e operation of an add-on storage device in operation may not be stopped. |
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | Futured services
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Microdermabrasion is quick, safe, effective form of exfoliation for all skin types and colors with no downtime and no pain or discomfort. Everyone can benefit from Microdermabrasion treatment – men and woman of any skin type and color. Skin will appear softer, smoother, brighter, clearer, fresher, and younger looking. A typical course of treatment is series of six Microdermabrasion sessions. Maintenance treatments are suggested once every one to one and a half months.
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Help maintain the health of the skin and correct certain skin conditions through deep cleansing, use of steam, massage, masks and various therapeutic methods, creating a synergistic effect, which in return delivers the most visible results in combating wrinkles, acne and hyperpigmentation.
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Svetlana Georgieva
Skin Therapist skilled in diverse facial treatments such as microdermabrasion, anti-aging and glycolic peels. Specializing in cosmetic application, body and facial waxing. Svetlana is using a skin line with anti-aging formulas contain natural and organic ingredients which strengthen, hydrate skin, stimulate cell regeneration, the use of masks and various therapeutic methods that will create a younger-looking skin which radiates a healthy glow. Esthetician who provides outstanding client care and superior attention to details.Selected for Outstanding Performance in esthetics services. |
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | ★ NEGA KEDAH — swagg | DUBSTEP
Last edited in May 2014
The Material below this point may, or may not be supported by the article, author, or any of those people or organizations that may be mentioned in the above article.
Any material below this point could be: adverts; endorsements; paid to click sites (some may try to trick you into clicking on them by using misleading graphics and/or words); misleading material; material that is for, or against the above article; or other types of material that is not part of the above article.
In single article view: this article does have an associated “Leave a Reply” and “Enter your comment here…” comment box below this point. You should get used to where this comment box is located before you try to leave a comment for this article. |
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} | [Pulmonary cryptococcosis].
The authors present the clinical history of a 61 year old woman who was treated in the Metropolitan Hospital Complex Arnulfo Arias Madrid of the Social Security. The patient had experienced weight loss, chills and pain in the left chest for a period of one month. The chest X-ray showed an irregular oval shaped pulmonary infiltrate, 5 x 5 cm, in the upper one third of the left lung field. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed an endobronchial lesion in the superior division of the left upper lobe bronchus. Transbronchial biopsy and bronchial brushings showed Crytpcoccus neoformans. Clinical evaluations did not reveal involvement of the central nervous system, the immunological system or evidence of neoplastic disease. The patient was treated with Amphotericin B and Ketoconazole resulting in a complete cure. Amphotericin B was used on an ambulatory basis for the first time in their institution and in Panama. |
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | Monday, 19 December 2016
In our previous home, we had a front loader washer and dryer (eeek!). To stay green, I barely used the dryer and used my drying rack for most of our clothes. No way did I want to pay that Hydro Man once more red cent!
So, as mentioned in my last post, we downsized to an apartment. For all of you apartment dwellers out there, how do you feel about washing your clothes in a machine that has been used by many tenants in your building? We live in a building that is predominantly of a senior population and I got tired of pulling my dark clothes out of the washing machine only to find them covered in remnants of facial tissue. After that, my mind went into a whirlwind thinking about bacteria, bedbugs, dead skin flakes....you can imagine. I am a nurse by trade of of course I am going to imagine the worst case scenario.
Oh, and I neglected to mention that it costs $2.00 for a load in the washer and another $2.00 in the dryer. Most of our clothes are hung to dry anyway, so I would lug a wet load up the stairs to the third floor where we live...(and then deal with the "facial tissue lint" when I got upstairs). Too much work and not enough in return.
So, I went on Amazon.ca and bought this amazing Wonder Wash machine by Laundry Alternative Inc. (www.laundry-alternative.com). It cost me $69.00 (give or take) and free shipping. It came the very next day.
I have literally not done any laundry in our "apartment laundry facilities" since I received this great addition to our family two weeks ago. I no longer have to try and find the right change for the machines,no lugging or hauling clothes or dealing with laundry lint.
This machine is super easy. My 9 year-old daughter can now easily assist with our laundry chores simply with the turn of a handle. I help out with the rinsing and wringing out the clothing (Mommy duty).
This Wonder Wash baby holds 5 pounds of clothing (basically half a load in a regular machine) and does it all in one shot. If you don't want to wring out your clothes, you can purchase the Mini Countertop Spin Dryer (requires an electrical source). I actually enjoy the physical exercise from wringing out the clothes - but maybe because I am rebellious against using Hydro!
I now do our laundry every two days. It takes about 10 minutes maximum of my time which includes the beginning of the wash-to-wringing-to-hanging. It takes me longer to consume a cup of coffee these days.
I highly recommend Wonder Wash to those who do not have access to laundry facilities within their home - those who want to limit their imprint on the earth and those (of us) who want to feel independent and empowered without having to rely on external resources.
When the power goes out, everyone is coming to our home to wash their laundry in our Wonder Wash! You can bet on it!
Three years since my last post and hopefully I am three times more educated/smarter/better off in life..and so the saying goes...
SO MUCH HAS HAPPENED!
First of all, we live next to this great city of Toronto, Ontario. Housing prices have jumped to sky high levels and professionals are now moving to our suburban area offering way more than the asking price of homes that are initially listed for on the market in our area. We are in the throes of a bidding war. Many homeowners are putting their homes up for sale at a certain asking price. They then wait for a week to see all offers "up and above" the asking price and settle on the highest bidder. Great sellers market - sell your home at a premium, rent for a year, then buy a house next year when the market settles. Easy peasy right?
For ourselves, we knew we had to make a change with respect to our own home. Our hydro (yep had a "smart meter"), gas, water and
food bills were increasing steadily, yet our incomes were staying the
same. Our 9 year-old daughter seemingly developed a strong passion for dance
and gymnastics which was also very important to us.
I actually pondered the possibility of downsizing
for probably two to three years before it finally became a reality and a
necessity. I say necessity because we gradually seemed to stop living over time and
just kept on working. It's funny (in a peculiar way) how long that an
individual will let themselves run on the same "hamster wheel" in order
to keep up with the status quo.
Well, thank heavens for that wonderful term called "fatigue". I got
"tired" of paying the Hydro Man, the Gas Man and the Water Man (usage = sewage)....Oh and shall I mention all that snow shovelling the snow in the winter? We do live in Canada and our weather can be unpredictable for sure.
Regardless, after a lot of fretting and
worrying, we decided to make a huge leap!
We officially downsized from a three-bedroom and three-bathroom home and leaped right into a two-bedroom and one bathroom apartment that includes heat, water and hydro. What a shock to the old system in so many ways. First of all, we have nowhere near the amount of floor space as we did before, but let me tell you we no longer have to worry about all of those other bills! Everything is included in one price! Heat, hydro and water all in one nifty bill due by the first of the month. Incredible if you ask us!
Now we are able to budget more accurately and plan for the future. We beat the Hydro Man! (For Now)
Food Facts
Updates on Marty
About
We are a small German family with a big heritage living in urban Waterloo, Ontario Canada.
We have embarked on the long and forever rewarding journey of a self sustaining lifestyle.
As we are in the beginning phase of our lives, we are prepared for both success and failures as we learn new skills using traditional methods while preserving our Family and Mother Nature.
In this technological day and age, we strive to succeed on our little Homestead by growing and preserving our own food, making natural remedies, trading with neighbours and supporting local growers.
Our grandparents have been our greatest life teachers; both having survived the Great Depression.
We continue the legacy of generations past through life on our Homestead. |
{
"pile_set_name": "DM Mathematics"
} | is the closest to 1 in -0.5, 3, 18, -54/49?
-0.5
Which is the nearest to -2? (a) -5 (b) -3/43 (c) 11.4
b
Which is the nearest to -1? (a) -4 (b) -3/5 (c) 17 (d) -256 (e) 5/3
b
Which is the closest to -119/5? (a) 5 (b) -1/3 (c) 0.6
b
What is the nearest to -1/4 in 32, -0.2, -2/5, 1/56, -3/8?
-0.2
Which is the closest to -160? (a) -1/6 (b) -1/8 (c) 6
a
Which is the nearest to -2? (a) 17 (b) -1/7 (c) -156 (d) -2
d
What is the nearest to -47/6 in -3/4, -3, 7?
-3
What is the nearest to -2/11 in 649, 2, -3, -0.5?
-0.5
What is the closest to 0.37 in -0.2, -0.5, 0.1, -18, 2/15?
2/15
Which is the nearest to 1? (a) 35 (b) -5 (c) 1/5
c
What is the closest to 0.2 in -6/277, 4, 3?
-6/277
Which is the nearest to 0? (a) 3 (b) 36/5 (c) -0.2 (d) 4 (e) -74
c
What is the closest to 5/148 in 2/7, 2, -10/3?
2/7
Which is the closest to -0.2? (a) 0.1 (b) 1/3 (c) -1.5
a
Which is the nearest to -0.3? (a) 1535 (b) -1 (c) 2/15 (d) -0.8 (e) -2/13
e
What is the closest to 0.0345 in -5, -6, 2/3, -3?
2/3
Which is the closest to -1/7? (a) -3/5 (b) -0.2 (c) 25
b
Which is the closest to 2? (a) -10 (b) -0.1 (c) -7 (d) 0.3
d
Which is the closest to -1/10? (a) -2/39 (b) -0.303 (c) 0
a
What is the closest to 1/6 in 5, 1/4, -1/3, -56?
1/4
What is the closest to 91/5 in -5, -2, 0.1?
0.1
What is the closest to -1 in 1/7, -1497, 2, -3/5?
-3/5
Which is the nearest to -4? (a) -5 (b) 38/5 (c) 1/11 (d) 5
a
What is the nearest to -4 in 104, -3, -2?
-3
What is the closest to -1 in -0.2, -3, 47/5?
-0.2
What is the nearest to -16/3 in -2/7, -0.145, 19/2?
-2/7
What is the nearest to -3509 in -9, -2/11, 0.1, -0.5, 3?
-9
What is the nearest to 2 in -5, 18/197, 4/3?
4/3
Which is the closest to -0.01? (a) 0.1 (b) 42 (c) 7.4
a
Which is the nearest to 0.1? (a) -0.3 (b) -3/2 (c) 9/55 (d) 1
c
What is the closest to -0.02 in 1/3, 3/4, -22, -0.5, 3/5?
1/3
Which is the closest to 1? (a) -6 (b) -15 (c) -1/5 (d) -4 (e) 4/19
e
Which is the nearest to -27/2? (a) -1 (b) -35 (c) 0.03 (d) -0.3 (e) 2
a
Which is the nearest to 282? (a) -58/5 (b) -0.5 (c) 3 (d) 1
c
Which is the closest to 10? (a) 2 (b) -12 (c) 3/20 (d) 2/7
a
What is the nearest to -1/25 in -33, -10/7, 0.4?
0.4
What is the closest to -2/15 in 0.0202, -3/10, -2/23, -0.2?
-2/23
Which is the nearest to -0.9? (a) -11 (b) -8 (c) 2 (d) -0.6
d
Which is the closest to 1/2? (a) 2446 (b) 1 (c) -1/6 (d) 5 (e) 0.5
e
What is the closest to 0 in 0.5, -85/22, 0, 2/13, 3?
0
Which is the closest to -4? (a) 4 (b) -35 (c) -1/17
c
Which is the closest to -0.1? (a) -0.1 (b) 3/31 (c) -38
a
What is the nearest to 0.6 in 2/19, 1, 135, 1/6?
1
What is the closest to -13/283 in 0.2, 5, -1/9, -4?
-1/9
Which is the nearest to 108? (a) -1/2 (b) 1/4 (c) -0.3 (d) -76
b
Which is the nearest to 0.1? (a) 3482 (b) 0.05 (c) -0.4 (d) 0.09 (e) -1
d
Which is the nearest to 0? (a) -234 (b) -1 (c) -4/3
b
Which is the nearest to -174? (a) -2/5 (b) 4/7 (c) -21
c
What is the nearest to -3/7 in -1, -0.0265, 6.4?
-0.0265
Which is the nearest to 102? (a) -2 (b) 1/11 (c) -156
b
What is the closest to -2 in 17.4, 1/4, -3/4, 1, -15?
-3/4
What is the nearest to -0.4 in 2.9, -43, -2/5, -3?
-2/5
What is the closest to 7 in 9, -5, 1/4, 102?
9
Which is the nearest to 4? (a) 1947 (b) 0.1 (c) 2
c
What is the closest to -0.1 in -8/11, 0.2, -5.79, -14?
0.2
Which is the closest to 0? (a) -11 (b) 2/9 (c) 2 (d) 666
b
Which is the nearest to 2.7? (a) 0.7 (b) -1/3 (c) 0.3 (d) 3/2 (e) 226
d
What is the nearest to 8 in 4, 3, -7.5, 6, -3/4?
6
What is the nearest to 2/7 in 133, -1, -3, 5, -0.4?
-0.4
What is the closest to 1 in 0, 64, 3127?
0
What is the closest to 0.15 in 3, -3075, -2?
-2
What is the nearest to 0.4 in -8, -4, 0.1, 1445?
0.1
Which is the nearest to -26? (a) -17/4 (b) -4 (c) -1 (d) -3
a
What is the nearest to 2/35 in 10, 1/2, 1/5?
1/5
Which is the closest to 0.1? (a) 6944 (b) 1 (c) 4
b
Which is the closest to 1/2? (a) -1/10 (b) 10 (c) -0.5 (d) -0.246
a
What is the nearest to -1 in 4, 6, -7516?
4
What is the nearest to -0.03847 in 1, 3, 1/3, 2, 0.1?
0.1
Which is the nearest to -67.8? (a) -0.5 (b) -4/5 (c) -11
c
Which is the closest to 14? (a) -3 (b) -0.6 (c) -8 (d) -0.5 (e) 5
e
Which is the closest to 1? (a) -14 (b) 3/4 (c) 2 (d) -2/3 (e) -2/19
b
Which is the nearest to -41? (a) 2/11 (b) -0.4 (c) 2 (d) -0.1
b
What is the closest to 20/49 in -110, 2/9, 2, -0.1?
2/9
What is the closest to 0 in 5, 4/145, -2/19?
4/145
What is the closest to 10 in 0.129, 0.4, -1/5, 4, -1/6?
4
Which is the nearest to 1? (a) -3 (b) 1.3 (c) -1/4
b
Which is the closest to -14? (a) 0 (b) -0.074 (c) 1/7 (d) -2 (e) 2/19
d
What is the nearest to -3/2 in -5348, -5, -2/13, -2, -0.1?
-2
Which is the closest to 28/11? (a) -9 (b) -26 (c) 1/10 (d) 0.4
d
Which is the nearest to -2? (a) -8 (b) 0.5 (c) -4 (d) -2/285 (e) -3
e
What is the nearest to -1 in 2/8043, -0.05, 5?
-0.05
What is the closest to -0.6 in -0.53, -14.21, -2/7?
-0.53
What is the nearest to 7 in 1/4, -3, 47.27?
1/4
What is the closest to -31.19 in -3, 1, 2/7?
-3
What is the nearest to -1/2 in -3, -3/124, -1/5, 0.3, 0.1?
-1/5
What is the nearest to -0.1 in 25/32, 3/11, -4?
3/11
Which is the nearest to 39.9? (a) 1 (b) -35/9 (c) -1/5
a
What is the nearest to -30.6 in -3, 0.3, 2/3, 16, 3?
-3
Which is the nearest to -3? (a) -2/3 (b) 4 (c) -4 (d) 314 (e) -1
c
What is the closest to 1 in -3, 103.48, -1, -2/19, 1/4?
1/4
What is the closest to -0.1 in 9, 166, -1/6?
-1/6
What is the nearest to 19 in -0.06, 4, -2/9?
4
What is the closest to 573/4 in -2/13, -2/17, -0.3, 0.2, 5?
5
What is the closest to 1 in -38/5, 0.4, 2/7, 1/4, -1?
0.4
Which is the nearest to 37? (a) 4/7 (b) -3 (c) 1/4354 (d) 2 (e) -2
d
Which is the closest to -9? (a) -40 (b) -4 (c) -0.1
b
Which is the nearest to 7? (a) -0.5 (b) -2 (c) 1 (d) 3/8 (e) 32
c
What is the closest to 2 in 2/13, -44/3, -2/7, 3, -4?
3
What is the closest to -2/3 in 190, 0.02, -2/9?
-2/9
What is the closest to 3/2 in 2/15, 1, -37?
1
What is the nearest to -3/5 in -42, 8.2, 0.5?
0.5
Which is the closest to 14569? (a) 5 (b) -1 (c) -0.4 (d) -3/7
a
Which is the nearest to 811/5? (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) -2/7 (d) 0.5
b
Which is the closest to 1? (a) -53.7 (b) 1/3 (c) 0.5 (d) 2/9
c
Which is the nearest to -7? (a) 4 (b) 1 (c) -0.2 (d) 46 (e) 5
c
What is the nearest to -0.34 in 0.4, -1/5, -0.3, -5, -0.4?
-0.3
What is the nearest to -1 in 263, 4, 50?
4
What is the closest to 0.1 in -2/15, 1/162, 0.34?
1/162
Which is the closest to -2? (a) 2/9 (b) -9 (c) -3/19 (d) -1/70 (e) -2/5
e
Which is the closest to -4/9? (a) -9 (b) 0 (c) 1/3 (d) 0.16
b
What is the closest to 0.17 in -0.3, -19, 0.04?
0.04
What is the nearest to -6 in 3.3, -7, -0.5?
-7
Which is the nearest to 54? (a) 5 (b) 0.3 (c) 3/4 (d) 0.5 (e) -156
a
Which is the closest to -7? (a) -4.8 (b) -1/15 (c) 5 (d) 0.1 (e) 0.3
a
What is the nearest to 2 in -705, -2/3, -0.3?
-0.3
Which is the closest to 0.117? (a) -7 (b) 2/15 (c) 3
b
What is the nearest to -13 in 19, -2/3, 0.4, -10.1?
-10.1
What is the closest to 0 in 0.43, 4/91, -4, -70?
4/91
What is the closest to -58 in -0.5, 4/1887, 0.5?
-0.5
What is the closest to -2 in 0.3, -21, 1/4, 1.7?
1/4
Which is the nearest to -295? (a) -5 (b) 2/25 (c) -108
c
What is the closest to -0.9 in -21, 1, 13?
1
What is the nearest to 0.76 in 4, -2/119, -0.6?
-2/119
Which is the closest to 1/2? (a) -0.8 (b) 2/7 (c) -22 (d) -2
b
Which is the nearest to 0.1? (a) -3044 (b) 7 (c) 0.4
c
What is the closest to -1 in -3, 2/79, 2/7, -5/3?
-5/3
Which is the closest to -2/7? (a) 0.8 (b) -0.1 (c) 4 (d) -25
b
Which is the closest to -3? (a) 0.013 (b) -2 (c) -0.5 (d) -25
b
What is the nearest to -18148 in -4/9, -0.1, -7, 0?
-7
What is the nearest to 3 in -3, -11, -3/10, 7, -1/7?
-1/7
Which is the closest to 8? (a) -2/3 (b) -4 (c) 0.091 (d) -1/4
c
Which is the nearest to 56? (a) -3/2 (b) -3/13 (c) -1/7 (d) -17
c
Which is the nearest to 0.2? (a) 3 (b) 48/11 (c) 111/5
a
What is the nearest to 1/3 in 0.34, 0.01, 0.35?
0.34
Which is the closest to 13? (a) -1/6 (b) 5 (c) -193 (d) -1/4
b
Which is the nearest to -1? (a) 11/12 (b) -0.2 (c) -2/ |
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | Browse Hiring & Career Trends Articles
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Whether you’ve never interviewed for a real job or you’ve done it a dozen times, there is a point – usually at the end – when the interviewer asks if you have any questions for them. Typically, your response may be “no” as the interviewer has done a great job highlighting the tasks of the job, the pay rate, other benefits, ...
In this day and age, college is often considered a necessary investment in one’s future. But, are some students – perhaps even attending the same colleges – making better investments than others? Unbelievably, the answer may be yes, depending on their chosen majors. According to PayScale’s list of college majors and coordinating salary potential, certain majors pay off much faster, with ...
Some of us are night owls. Others, early birds. Apparently, based on your chronotype, you will be more naturally alert earlier or later in the day. And your type may dictate when and for how long you sleep. But while a natural variance in sleep patterns is natural, it appears that the early bird is indeed the more coveted of ...
One of the main decisions college graduates face is where to plant their first roots upon graduation. Sure, finding a job is a factor in this decision-making process but, most post-grads ultimately want to end up in a spot that is ripe with diversity, your peers and has a good economic climate. Recently, the American Institute for Economic Research (AIER) ranked ...
Self-improvement may seem unrelated to your career success. It probably doesn't even seem like it factors into your job or internship search or matters within interviews or at networking events. But, it’s probably a lot more related than you might think. How you conduct yourself in various situations, your personal knowledge, life skills, interests, friendships, self-awareness and confidence all play different ...
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The ink may not yet have dried on their diplomas, but many college grads have already begun the hardest jobs of their lives: finding one. Facing one of the worst hiring outlooks in recent history and forewarned of its impact on their job prospects, newly minted grads have brushed the stars from their eyes and buckled down for the long ...
When you’re young and the world is seemingly your oyster, going to a job fair sounds like a no-brainer. A bunch of companies looking to hire? and all in the same place? As long as you bring enough copies of your resume and pass them out to everyone, you’re certain to get a callback. Right? Not necessarily. Without the right approach, ...
Where are all of the jobs? This question has plagued job seekers in recent years, especially with companies cutting back on hiring due to the economy. The economy is better – in fact, 5.5 million jobs have been added since 2010, but there’s still improvement necessary. However, according to U.S. News, some industries seem to be resilient enough that they’re recession-proof. ...
You think it doesn't matter what you wear to a job interview? You’re wrong. When you walk up to your interview and shake their hand, they already have an impression of you. You haven’t even said anything yet! True, there are other factors like timeliness, politeness, etc. But, for the sake of this article, let’s assume you’ve done everything else perfectly. ...
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As a future job seeker, from time to time it’s helpful to get advice and feedback rather than acceptance or rejection. How? The informational interview, of course! During an informational interview, you’re able to ask for career, industry and job search advice from a given professional within the field. Such interviews will be useful throughout your career and can even help ...
There’s more to student jobs than making money, if you plan it out correctly. While any part-time work can give you an edge, there are some jobs in particular that really boost your hiring potential. If you haven’t done so already, head to the employment office at your college and explore your options. According to U.S. News and World Report, the ...
It’s 2009. Do you know where your next job is? Finding a new job is tough these days. New hires are in decline, unemployment is north of 8% so there’s plenty of competition and people who have jobs are making Herculean efforts to hang onto them. And, if you do manage to land a meeting with a potential employer, the contemporary ...
600,000 over three years. 273,000 deemed mission-critical. That's how many people the Partnership for Public Service projects the federal government will need to hire by 2012 to fill growing needs as well as replacing a baby-boomer workforce set to retire. These numbers and other hiring projections are listed just in time for some Labor Day reading in the third edition of ...
As a college graduate or soon-to-be college graduate, there’s a bright new world ahead. There’s also a job search that can be somewhat daunting at times. Don’t get discouraged – you have the world at your fingertips! Follow the below suggestions to help your job search stay on the right track: Target your resume. As a general rule, you should never ... |
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | Click on a zone to explore
Select any of the 9 available zones from the house or the
navigation above.
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{
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} | Jaitra Yatra
Jaitra Yatra is a 1991 Telugu social problem film produced by Sravanthi Ravi Kishore under the Sri Sravanthi Movies banner, directed by Uppalapati Narayana Rao. It stars Akkineni Nagarjuna and Vijayashanti in the lead roles, with music composed by S. P. Balasubrahmanyam. Upon release, the film received positive reviews, with critics noting one of actor Nagarjuna's career's best performances. The film is based on the theme of Ardha Sathya.
Plot
Teja (Akkineni Nagarjuna) is an orphan in the city who studies law. He falls in love with Vijayashanti, who is also a law student in his college. One day he sees Delhi Ganesh, who takes a picture of him as he follows him to his village. He finds out that Delhi Ganesh is his father that was a thief until a police officer raped and killed his wife. He wanted Nagarjuna to become a successful person and not end up like him. Unable to raise him himself, he sends his son to an orphanage. Nagarjuna experiences the life in his village as he knows how dangerous people are and that they're forced to become thieves. He meets Chandra Mohan, who gets arrested for a robbery he was framed in as Nagarjuna tries to stop the cops. They arrest Nagarjuna as Delhi Ganesh forces the villains who rule the village to let him go. Delhi Ganesh, worried about how Nagarjuna will end up, tells him to go back to the city. Nagarjuna goes back to the city, but then decides to come back to the village to help the people that are living miserably and forced to commit crimes. They all think of Nagarjuna as a great man as the villains try to stop him. How Nagarjuna protects and saves everyone in the village forms the rest of the story.
Cast
Soundtrack
The film songs composed by S. P. Balasubrahmanyam. All songs are hit tracks. Music released on Lahari Audio Company.
References
Category:1991 films
Category:Indian films
Category:Films about corruption in India
Category:Telugu-language films
Category:Telugu film scores by S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
Category:1990s Telugu-language films |
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | …and so many more exciting features are to come with the newest Spin Rewriter software version!
Community: Skip to content Offers a lifetime license. VictorVictories Followjessica G. Hurt Internet MarketingAffiliate Programs
Genre First, the article you submitted is scanned carefully along with the World Wide Web. Turn on Not now In other words, even if you have content in a language other than English, you can still make it into new and fresh content.
And You're Getting An AMAZING Deal: Uses Part of Speech (POS) which basically identifies the context of the words, not the words alone.
How Paraphrasing Tool Does Paraphrasing? 20 Replies |
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | Quad/Graphics Expands Service Footprint with Bluestem Brands
Quad/Graphics, Inc. has signed a multi-year agreement with Minneapolis-based Bluestem Brands, Inc., best known for its growing Fingerhut and Gettington.com brands. The agreement, which will exceed $135 million over its contract term, covers all printing, paper procurement, premedia, and page layout and production services as well as all product photography and video content creation services. In addition Bluestem Brands will benefit from system integration and efficiencies through the use of Quad/Graphics’ proprietary Catalog Studio content management and workflow solution.
“This new agreement expands our service footprint with this major multi-brand retailer and represents an end-to-end solution,” said Joel Quadracci, Quad/Graphics Chairman, President & CEO. “Under the agreement, Quad will implement a new onsite facilities management arrangement where our employees will work directly with Bluestem’s merchandisers and creative team on page layout and production. In addition, they will utilize our Catalog Studio solution to manage content, streamline workflows and gain efficiencies.”
To support Bluestem’s photography and video content creation needs, Quad/Graphics will relocate its existing studio and premedia production center to a larger facility in the Minneapolis area. “Video is a fast-growing part of the online and mobile catalog environment and our Bluestem agreement supports our continuing investment in video services, which are the perfect complement to digital photography,” Quadracci said. “Having both photography and video produced in the same location by Quad/Graphics is going to be a major benefit to Bluestem and a differentiator for us as we continue to enhance our catalog production capabilities.”
Chidam Chidambaram, Bluestem’s Chief Marketing Officer, says Quad/Graphics integrated solutions approach will help Bluestem streamline production in many areas. “Quad has been our printer for many years as we have grown our Fingerhut and Gettington.com brands,” Chidambaram said. “As we planned for future growth, Quad demonstrated an innovative approach through its integrated workflow solutions. It will help us better support our brand strategies, control our overall costs and get to market faster.” |
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | Diamond Eye of Horus with Genuine Blue Sapphire Pendant Necklace in White Gold An elegantly designed Egyptian Eye of Horus (Also known as The Eye of Ra) studded with 122 radiant diamonds and 1 genuine blue sapphire stone in the center. |
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} | Q:
PInvokeStackImbalance Not Caused By CallingConvention
I have no idea what the problem is here.
I have a ton of p/invoke calls that are working without incident... except this one.
I've managed to reduce my problem to the following sample code.
If I remove either struct member (either the double or the int) it works fine.
I'm assuming the problem is somehow related to the layout of the struct - but when I do a sizeof() in C and a Marshal.SizeOf() in C#, they both return the same value... so if the struct size is the same in C# and C, what could the problem be?
I'm obviously missing something basic here.
SampleDLLCode.c
#pragma pack(1)
typedef struct SampleStruct {
double structValueOne;
int structValueTwo;
} SampleStruct;
__declspec(dllexport) SampleStruct __cdecl SampleMethod(void);
SampleStruct SampleMethod(void) {
return (SampleStruct) { 1, 2 };
}
Build Script
gcc -std=c99 -pedantic -O0 -c -o SampleDLLCode.o SampleDLLCode.c
gcc -shared --out-implib -o SampleDLL.dll SampleDLLCode.o
C# Code
using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
namespace SampleApplication
{
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack=1)]
public struct SampleStruct {
public double structValueOne;
public int structValueTwo;
}
class Program
{
[DllImport("SampleDLL.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
public static extern SampleStruct SampleMethod();
static void Main(string[] args)
{
SampleStruct sample = SampleMethod();
}
}
}
A:
First of all let me congratulate you on a very well asked question. It was a delight, for once, to receive all the code that was needed to reproduce the problem.
The problem is due to the slightly different ABIs used by gcc and Microsoft tools for function return values. For return values that can fit into registers, for example int return values there are no differences. But since your struct is too large to fit in a single register and there are differences between the APIs in that situation.
For larger return values, the caller passes a hidden pointer to the function. This hidden pointer is pushed onto the stack by the caller. The function writes the return value to the memory address specified by that hidden pointer. The difference in the ABIs is in who pops that hidden pointer off the stack. The Microsoft tools use an ABI that requires the caller to pop the hidden pointer, but the default gcc ABI asks the callee to do that.
Now, gcc being almost infinitely configurable, there is a switch that will allow you to control the ABI. And you can make gcc use the same rules as the Microsoft tools. Doing so requires the callee_pop_aggregate_return function attribute.
Change your C code to be like this:
__declspec(dllexport) SampleStruct __cdecl SampleMethod(void)
__attribute__((callee_pop_aggregate_return(0)));
// specifies that caller is responsible for popping the hidden pointer
SampleStruct SampleMethod(void) {
return (SampleStruct) { 1, 2 };
}
|
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} | The priming of cytotoxic T-cell precursors is strictly helper T cell-dependent.
Allogeneic chimaeras that utilize C.B-17 SCID mice (H-2d) as recipients of MHC mismatched bone marrow from C57B1/6 (H-2b) or SJL/J (H-2s) mice have been used to provide experimental evidence demonstrating the necessity for a direct interaction between an effector T helper and the cytotoxic T-cell precursor in order to generate cytotoxic effector T cells specific for the minor histocompatibility (H) antigens of DBA/2 (H-2d) mice. No effect of helpers specific for antigen-processed or not-presented on antigen-presenting cells could be observed. Allo-chimaeras that contain T cells bearing H-2s, and which are restricted to H-2d, make a cytotoxic T-cell response to minor H antigens which is H-2d restricted if, and only if, cloned anti-H-2s effector T helpers are present during the in vivo priming step. Cloned anti-H-2d effector helpers, which are without effect in the allo-chimaeras, do provide a strong helper activity when tested in normal H-2d mice. These findings cannot be reconciled with a strict single recognitive model of restrictive antigen recognition, but they are consistent with a dual recognitive model, which incorporates many of the features of the single recognitive model. |
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} | Mycobacterium marinum infections of the hand: a report of three cases.
We report three cases of mycobacterium marinum infection, characterized by the long duration before a proper diagnosis was made. Mycobacterium marinum is a so-called atypical non-tuberculous mycobacterium, found in salt and fresh water, occasionally infecting humans. Most of the infections involve the fingers and hand, after exposure to contaminated water. It is commonly called fish tank infection. The clinical pictures can be very different: from a small cutaneous lesion to deep-seated infections of the tendon sheet or joint. Special transport and culture techniques are required for proper diagnosis. Besides surgical treatment of chronic skin lesions and deep infections, prolonged treatment with appropriate antibiotics is required. |
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} | 3D printing is going big, not just in a metaphorical sense. We have seen 3D printed buildings and cars begin to emerge as innovators look to the potential that this technology could have in the future. We saw the world’s first 3D printed car, the Urbee created in 2013. Then last year, a company called Local Motors surprised us all by 3D printing their Strati car in record time. Since then, Local Motors has been quickly iterating upon the processes they use and have already accomplished the full 3D printing of the Strati in just 44 hours flat. They are now in the process of opening up microfactories worldwide in hopes of 3D printing custom vehicles for clients.
Now, one company based in Sanya City, China, called Sanya Sihai, has just accomplished the 3D printing of yet another car. This car’s body weighs an impressive 500kg (1102 pounds) and is completely electric powered. The manufacturers say that it took about a month and a half to build, with the 3D printing process taking about 5 full days. Unlike the Strati car though, the interior of this one is not 3D printed, nor does this vehicle compete with Local Motors when it comes to aesthetics.
“The density of the material is much lighter than that of the metal, only one-seventh or one-eighth,” explains Chief Designer Chen Mingqiao. “Lighter weight will help save energy in the future.”
Printed in a “Tyrant Gold” filament, the car used an astounding 500kg of filament in the 3D printing process. In total, including 1000 yuan for electricity and labor, the car cost about 11,000 yuan ($1770) to build. The 3D printed body itself, is estimated to have cost about 10 yuan per KG of material, meaning it costs the manufacturer about 5000 yuan ($805) to fabricate.
This “Tyrant Gold” car can seat two, and travel at speeds of up to 40km/h (25 MPH). It measures 3.6-meters long (11.9ft) and 1.63-meters (5.5ft) wide. Obviously, this is a great accomplishment for the Chinese based company, but it doesn’t come close to competing with what Local Motors has done or continues to do with their vehicles. Not only does the Strati look better, and go faster (40 MPH), but it is also able to be 3D printed in just 44 hours, compared to this car which took 5 days to complete. The Strati also features many more 3D printed parts, other than just the car’s body, including its seats and chassis.
It should be interesting to see how quickly Sanya Sihai is able to develop this car further, and if they will actually mass produce these vehicles in the future. While Local Motors remains leaps and bounds ahead of them as far as 3D printed car manufacturing goes, it should be interesting to see how serious they are about creating their 3D printed vehicles. What do you think about this 3D printed car? Discuss in the Chinese 3D Printed Car forum thread on 3DPB.com.
Please enable JavaScript to view the comments powered by Disqus. |
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | The developers describe Basilisk as "development software" and states "it should be considered more or less beta at all times; it may have some bugs and is provided as-is, with potential defects. It was initially released in November 2017 for Microsoft Windows and Linux.
Epic Privacy Browser
Epic Privacy Browser was released on August 29, 2013 and is developed by Hidden Reflex using the Chromium source code, developed for the security conscious. Epic Privacy Browser is (by default) always in "private browsing mode", taking a proactive approach to ensuring that session data (such as cookies, history, and cache etc.) are removed upon exit. The browser also removes Google tracking and blocks other organisations from tracking users.
Cốc Cốc Browser
Cốc Cốc browser is a primarily focused on the Vietnamese market. It is available for Windows and macOS operating systems and supports both the English and Vietnamese languages. It is developed by Vietnamese company Cốc Cốc and based on Chromium open source code. Cốc Cốc is the second most popular browser in Vietnam, with a market share of 16.89%, according to data from StatCounter.
QQ Browser
QQ Browser (QQ浏览器) is a chromium-based web browser for Android, Windows, macOS, and iOS platforms. It is developed by Chinese Internet giant Tencent. The application offers a number of features such as tabbed windows and integration with chat platforms. QQ browser version 9.0 was the first released version which used the chromium source code (Chromium v43). Prior to this QQ Browser was based on the Trident engine.
Support
Updated Support for Existing Browsers
New Support for Existing Browsers
Microsoft Edge Swept Tabs
Microsoft has added a feature to Microsoft Edge to make it easy to sweep aside all the tabs the user has open into a collection that can be restored at any time. We have now added support for |
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} | Q:
energy production in the nuclear fission
according to this image of nuclear fission, before fisson reaction, the total mass of uranium and the slow neutron is 236 amu. and after adding the masses of Barium, krypton and the 3 neutrons after the fission reaction, you will again get 236 amu.
Question: if we get back all the mass, where did energy come from? is it the binding energy that is released?
A:
Look up the masses to high precision (i.e. don't just count nucleons). You don't get back all the mass.
The mass of $ ^{235}\mathrm{U}$ is 235.0439299 u not 235 u and so on.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} | Q:
Creating an array of objects in Java
I am new to Java and for the time created an array of objects in Java.
I have a class A for example -
A[] arr = new A[4];
But this is only creating pointers (references) to A and not 4 objects. Is this correct? I see that when I try to access functions/variables in the objects created I get a null pointer exception.
To be able to manipulate/access the objects I had to do this:
A[] arr = new A[4];
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
arr[i] = new A();
}
Is this correct or am I doing something wrong? If this is correct its really odd.
EDIT: I find this odd because in C++ you just say new A[4] and it creates the four objects.
A:
This is correct.
A[] a = new A[4];
...creates 4 A references, similar to doing this:
A a1;
A a2;
A a3;
A a4;
Now you couldn't do a1.someMethod() without allocating a1 like this:
a1 = new A();
Similarly, with the array you need to do this:
a[0] = new A();
...before using it.
A:
This is correct. You can also do :
A[] a = new A[] { new A("args"), new A("other args"), .. };
This syntax can also be used to create and initialize an array anywhere, such as in a method argument:
someMethod( new A[] { new A("args"), new A("other args"), . . } )
A:
Yes, it creates only references, which are set to their default value null. That is why you get a NullPointerException You need to create objects separately and assign the reference. There are 3 steps to create arrays in Java -
Declaration – In this step, we specify the data type and the dimensions of the array that we are going to create. But remember, we don't mention the sizes of dimensions yet. They are left empty.
Instantiation – In this step, we create the array, or allocate memory for the array, using the new keyword. It is in this step that we mention the sizes of the array dimensions.
Initialization – The array is always initialized to the data type’s default value. But we can make our own initializations.
Declaring Arrays In Java
This is how we declare a one-dimensional array in Java –
int[] array;
int array[];
Oracle recommends that you use the former syntax for declaring arrays.
Here are some other examples of legal declarations –
// One Dimensional Arrays
int[] intArray; // Good
double[] doubleArray;
// One Dimensional Arrays
byte byteArray[]; // Ugly!
long longArray[];
// Two Dimensional Arrays
int[][] int2DArray; // Good
double[][] double2DArray;
// Two Dimensional Arrays
byte[] byte2DArray[]; // Ugly
long[] long2DArray[];
And these are some examples of illegal declarations –
int[5] intArray; // Don't mention size!
double{} doubleArray; // Square Brackets please!
Instantiation
This is how we “instantiate”, or allocate memory for an array –
int[] array = new int[5];
When the JVM encounters the new keyword, it understands that it must allocate memory for something. And by specifying int[5], we mean that we want an array of ints, of size 5.
So, the JVM creates the memory and assigns the reference of the newly allocated memory to array which a “reference” of type int[]
Initialization
Using a Loop – Using a for loop to initialize elements of an array is the most common way to get the array going. There’s no need to run a for loop if you are going to assign the default value itself, because JVM does it for you.
All in One..! – We can Declare, Instantiate and Initialize our array in one go. Here’s the syntax –
int[] arr = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
Here, we don’t mention the size, because JVM can see that we are giving 5 values.
So, until we instantiate the references remain null. I hope my answer has helped you..! :)
Source - Arrays in Java
|
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} | NEW YORK (CBSNewYork) — It’s a scam that’s going viral – emotional Facebook posts begging to be liked and shared.
But on Tuesday night, there were new concerns mounting that the posts are not what they seem to be.
As CBS2’s Jessica Borg reported, chances are you have probably seen something like this on your Facebook feed – a friend shares a heartbreaking photo of a baby or a teenager with a life-threatening illness.
The post urges you to “like,” “comment,” or “share.”
Tatiana Morin said she sees it all the time — and it’s effective.
“When it comes to the animals or children, any traumatizing story, I think, is heartbreaking,” said Morin, of Garrison, Putnam County.
But experts are warning folks that not all of these emotional posts are real.
“What they’re trying to do is trap you,” said digital media expert Tanya Barrios.
Barrios said such fake posts are part of a scam called, “like-farming.” They can put your computer security at risk, or your personal data if you donate.
“It’s more in terms of any links that are associated with those posts is really going to be the scam part of it, because on Facebook itself, there’s not really data being collected on you,” Barrios said. “It’s ou getting off of Facebook — that’s their goal.”
To social media user Brigid Reilly, the scam does a disservice to the emotional posts that are real.
“That’s terrible,” said Reilly, of Park Slope, Brooklyn. “That’s like exploiting people.”
Experts said it can be difficult to figure out which Facebook posts are real and which are fake, but there are a few things you can look for that fake posts have in common.
• The post claims someone has cancer or other serious disease and needs money for surgery.
• It claims Facebook “has decided to help,” by donating a certain amount of money for “likes,” “comments,” or “shares.”
• It typically asks a Facebook user to comment, “Amen,” at the end of the post.
So the next time you see a photo that catches your eye, look for those signs before responding.
Meanwhile, one other concern is these posts stealing someone’s public photos and making up emotional stories to lure people in.
It happened to a family in the UK — scammers took a little boy’s photo and made up a story about him having cancer. The post got 2 million “shares,” and 300,000 “likes.”
If you suspect a scam, contact Facebook immediately so it can delete the post. |
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} | All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Sensorineural hearing loss is the most common sensory disorder in older patients. The central auditory system and peripheral hearing organs deteriorate with age. In general, hearing deteriorates more quickly in the central auditory system than the peripheral hearing organs; more quickly and severely in males than females; and more severely at higher than low frequencies \[[@pone.0178916.ref001]--[@pone.0178916.ref003]\]. Many etiologies have been associated with age-related hearing impairment (ARHI). For example, genetic susceptibility, obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, noise and chemical exposure, alcohol, tobacco, ototoxic medication, diet, hormonal factors, and socioeconomic status \[[@pone.0178916.ref004]--[@pone.0178916.ref011]\].
Of all hypotheses, damage secondary to oxidative stress is believed to be the most important underlying mechanism of ARHI in both animal and human studies \[[@pone.0178916.ref012]--[@pone.0178916.ref014]\]. In mice with ARHI, the glutathione peroxidase 6 (GPx) gene is upregulated, and the thioredoxin reductase 1 gene is downregulated \[[@pone.0178916.ref013]\]. In humans, plasma reactive oxygen species levels are correlated with ARHI severity \[[@pone.0178916.ref014]\]. Thus, it is reasonable to expect that improved endogenous antioxidant capacity, exogenous antioxidant supplementation, reduced oxidative stress in the auditory system, or any combination of these factors may protect hearing deterioration. For example, vitamin C, vitamin E, coffee, and caffeine could prevent an animal's hearing loss, auditory neuropathy, or both \[[@pone.0178916.ref012], [@pone.0178916.ref015], [@pone.0178916.ref016]\]. Folic acid supplementation could slow hearing decline at low frequencies in subjects with lower folic acid intake \[[@pone.0178916.ref017]\].
*Spirulina platensis* is a type of blue-green algae. Previous studies showed that *Spirulina platensis* water extract (SP), including its active ingredient, *C-phycocyanin*, have antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. These effects might be because of its capability to inhibit cyclooxygenase-2, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase enzymes, or both \[[@pone.0178916.ref017], [@pone.0178916.ref018]\]. In experimental studies, SP slowed memory loss in mice by decreasing oxidative damage and increasing catalase (CAT) activity in the hippocampus, striatum, and cortex \[[@pone.0178916.ref019]\]. SP could reduce salicylate-induced tinnitus possibly by downregulating the mRNA and protein expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2B, proinflammatory cytokines, and cyclooxygenase-2 genes in the cochlea and inferior colliculus of mice \[[@pone.0178916.ref020]\]. SP could also decrease the overexpression of the manganese-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) gene, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, but could increase the expression of downregulated CAT genes in many brain regions in salicylate-induced tinnitus \[[@pone.0178916.ref021]\].
The effects of SP on ARHI in animals or humans have been unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate this issue. We hypothesized that SP could prevent hearing degeneration, modulate antioxidant gene expression, and reduce oxidative stress in senescence-accelerated prone-8 (SAMP8) mice.
Materials and methods {#sec002}
=====================
Animals {#sec003}
-------
Eleven-month-old male SAMP8 mice (n = 12) were randomly divided into two groups (n = 6 each): the control group was fed a normal diet (Fwusow Industry Co, Ltd, Taiwan), and the SP group was fed a normal diet with SP water extract supplementation for 6 weeks (400 mg/kg body weight).
The SP used in this study was supplied by Far East Bio-tec Co, Ltd (Taipei, Taiwan). In brief, SP was prepared as follows: *Spirulina platensis* powder and pure water were mixed to form a suspension; *Spirulina platensis* cells in suspension were disrupted at a temperature lower than room temperature for 24 hours and centrifuged; and the extract (supernatant) was collected and lyophilized. The lyophilized SP contained 15--25% phycobiliproteins (C-phycocyanin and allophycocyanin), 35--45% polysaccharides, 10--20% proteins other than phycobiliproteins, 5--8% water, and 10--12% ash. The well-known active compounds in the extract were sulfated polysaccharides and phycobiliproteins.
The animals were housed (in groups of four mice per cage) in a temperature-controlled room with a constant 12-hr light--dark cycle. Food and tap water were freely available throughout the experiments. The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital approved the protocol used in this study.
Auditory brainstem responses {#sec004}
----------------------------
Auditory brainstem responses (ABR) were measured in the mice when they were 11 months of age and at the end of the study (i.e., at 12.5 months of age) under general anesthesia with an intraperitoneal injection of sodium pentobarbital (65 mg/kg). ABRs (Intelligent Hearing Systems, Miami, FL) were measured in a double-walled, soundproof booth. Subdermal needles were used as electrodes for recording. The active electrode was inserted at the vertex; the reference electrode was ventrolateral to the left ear; and the ground electrode to the low back above the tail. Click sounds, which reflected thresholds around 4 kHz, and 8- and 16-kHz tone bursts were delivered sequentially to the left ear through earphones (Telephonics Corp, Farmingdale, NY). The amplified responses were then averaged by a computer and displayed on a computer screen.
ABR thresholds were obtained for each animal by reducing the stimulus intensity in 5-dB intervals and increasing the stimulus intensity in 3-dB intervals to identify the lowest intensity at which ABR waves I-V were detected by one well-trained audiologist who was blinded to the groups. The respective ABR waves are shown in [Fig 1](#pone.0178916.g001){ref-type="fig"}. The ABR data were stored digitally on disks for offline measurements and analysis of latency of ABR components later.
{#pone.0178916.g001}
Isolation of samples and RNA extraction {#sec005}
---------------------------------------
At the end of the study, the mice were sacrificed by decapitation under general anesthesia with an intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital (65 mg/kg). The cochlear and brainstem pairs from each animal were immediately dissected using a Zeiss stereomicroscope and stored separately at --80°C until use. RNA isolation was performed using the RNA-bee isolation reagent (Friendswood, USA) with a tissue homogenizer according to the manufacturer's protocol. The RNA quality was assessed with an Agilent Bioanalyzer 2100, and the ratio of absorbance at 260 and 280 nm was assessed using a nanodrop.
Reverse transcription--polymerase chain reaction {#sec006}
------------------------------------------------
Reverse transcription--polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed separately for each animal. Total RNA was isolated with a PureLink RNA Mini Kit from Ambion RNA by Life Technologies. Approximately one-half of the obtained product was reverse transcribed using a MasterAmp high-fidelity RT-PCR kit from Epicentre (an Illumina company). A PCR reaction was then performed with SOD, CAT, and GPx primers for 35 cycles of denaturation (95°C, 30 seconds), annealing (60°C, 30 seconds), and extension (72°C, 45 seconds). As a control, β-actin was PCR amplified from all samples using the same conditions as with each gene.
Quantitation of PCR products with Southern blot {#sec007}
-----------------------------------------------
The DNA products were measured using Southern blot with a Mini Horizontal Electrophoresis System (MJ-105/MP-100, Major Science, Taiwan) and an E-box-1000/26M inspection certificate and analysis system (E-box Spp-010 E-capt software, USA). The expression levels for all target genes are presented as a relative ratio in comparison to β-actin.
Measurement of MDA activity {#sec008}
---------------------------
Levels of peroxidized lipids were indirectly determined by measuring the levels of MDA (a by-product of lipid peroxidation) with a commercial kit (BioVision Inc). Tissue samples were homogenized on ice in an MDA lysis buffer (with 1× butylated hydroxytoluene). The MDA level was measured by quantifying the absorbance at 532 nm (nmol). MDA levels were determined by assessing a standard MDA curve. Absorbance values were measured using an Anthos Zenyth 3100 microplate multimode detector (Anthos Labtec Instruments, Austria).
Statistical analysis {#sec009}
--------------------
All data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (S.D.) unless indicated otherwise. ABR thresholds; I-III, I-V, and III-V wave intervals; target gene mRNA expression; and MDA level were compared between the two groups using a Student's *t* test with Welch's approximation. All analyses were performed using STATA 10.0 software (Stata Corp, LP, College Station, TX). *P* values of \<0.05 were considered significant. The original data of this experiment was shown in [S1 File](#pone.0178916.s001){ref-type="supplementary-material"}.
Results {#sec010}
=======
[Table 1](#pone.0178916.t001){ref-type="table"} shows the ABR thresholds for both groups at the beginning and end of this study. The ABR thresholds were not significantly different between the control and SP groups in clicks (66.2 ± 9.2 versus 68.2 ± 6.4 dB SPL, respectively; *P* = 0.6713), 8-kHz tone burst stimulation (49.8 ± 13.1 versus 52.8 ± 9.3 dB SPL, respectively; *P* = 0.6565), or 16-kHz tone burst stimulation (64.5 ± 7.6 versus 66.8 ± 5.3 dB SPL, respectively; *P* = 0.5518) at the beginning of this study. However, the ABR thresholds were significantly different between the control and SP groups with 8-kHz tone burst stimulation (66.5 ± 12.1 versus 53.0 ± 4.0 dB SPL, respectively; *P* = 0.0382) but were not significantly different with click sound stimulation (81.2 ± 12.6 versus 69.5 ± 3.7 dB SPL, respectively; *P* = 0.0709) or 16-kHz tone burst stimulation (74.3 ± 12.0 versus 68.3 ± 3.3 dB SPL, respectively; *P* = 0.2804) at the end of this study.
10.1371/journal.pone.0178916.t001
###### ABR thresholds of the both groups at the beginning and the end of this study.
{#pone.0178916.t001g}
Mean ± SD (dB SPL) Control group SP group 95% CI of difference[\*](#t001fn002){ref-type="table-fn"} p values[\*\*](#t001fn003){ref-type="table-fn"}
-------------------- --------------- ---------- ----------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------
At the beginning
Click sound 66.2±9.2 68.2±6.4 -12.1\~8.1 0.6713
8 kHz tone burst 49.8±13.1 52.8±9.3 -17.5\~11.5 0.6565
16 kHz tone burst 64.5±7.6 66.8±5.3 -10.7\~6.1 0.5518
At the end
Click sound 81.2±12.6 69.5±3.7 -1.3\~24.7 0.0709
8 kHz tone burst 66.5±12.1 53.0±4.0 1.0\~26.0 0.0382
16 kHz tone burst 74.3±12.0 68.3±3.3 -6.4\~18.4 0.2804
Abbreviations: ABR: auditory brainstem response; CI: confident interval; dB SPL: decibel sound pressure level; SD: standard deviation.
\*Value of control group minus SP group.
\*\*Student's *t* test with Welch's approximation.
[Table 2](#pone.0178916.t002){ref-type="table"} shows the ABR intervals for both groups with click sound tests at the beginning and end of this study. We measured differences in ABRs between the control and SP groups and demonstrated that the I-III (1.2 ± 0.2 versus 1.2 ± 0.1 ms, respectively; *P* = 0.6150), I-V (3.2 ± 0.3 versus 3.2 ± 0.2 ms, respectively; *P* = 0.9732), and III-V (2.0 ± 0.3 versus 2.0 ± 0.2 ms, respectively; *P* = 0.7935) intervals with click sound stimulation were not significantly different at the beginning of this study. Further, as for differences between in the control and SP groups at the end of the study, the I-III (1.3 ± 0.1 versus 1.1 ± 0.3 ms, respectively; *P* = 0.2373), I-V (3.4 ± 0.5 versus 3.2 ± 0.2 ms, respectively; *P* = 0.4213), and III-V (2.1 ± 0.4 versus 2.1 ± 0.2 ms, respectively; *P* = 0.9273) intervals of ABRs with click sound stimulation were not significantly different.
10.1371/journal.pone.0178916.t002
###### ABR intervals by click sound of the both groups at the beginning and the end of this study.
{#pone.0178916.t002g}
Mean ± SD Control group SP group 95% CI of difference[\*](#t002fn002){ref-type="table-fn"} p values[\*\*](#t002fn003){ref-type="table-fn"}
------------------ --------------- ---------- ----------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------
At the beginning
I-III 1.2±0.2 1.2±0.1 -0.1\~0.2 0.6150
I-V 3.2±0.3 3.2±0.2 -0.3\~0.3 0.9732
III-V 2.0±0.3 2.0±0.2 -0.3\~0.3 0.7935
At the end
I-III 1.3±0.1 1.1±0.3 -0.1\~0.5 0.2373
I-V 3.4±0.5 3.2±0.2 -0.3\~0.7 0.4213
III-V 2.1±0.4 2.1±0.2 -0.4\~0.5 0.9273
Abbreviations: ABR: auditory brainstem response; CI: confident interval; SD: standard deviation.
\*Value of control group minus SP group. And, unit in the each cell was msec.
\*\* Student's t-test with Welch's approximation.
[Table 3](#pone.0178916.t003){ref-type="table"} shows the ABR intervals for both groups with 8-kHz tone burst sound at the beginning and end of this study. For the control and SP groups, the I-III (1.2 ± 0.3 versus 1.4 ± 0.3 ms, respectively; *P* = 0.3044), I-V (3.0 ± 0.3 versus 3.1 ± 0.2 ms, respectively; *P* = 0.5029), and III-V (1.8 ± 0.4 versus 1.7 ± 0.2 ms, respectively; *P* = 0.7266) intervals of ABRs with 8-kHz tone burst stimulation were not significantly different at the beginning of this study. At the end of the study, the I-III (1.6 ± 0.7 versus 1.4 ± 0.4 ms, respectively; *P* = 0.4696), I-V (3.6 ± 0.7 versus 3.0 ± 0.2 ms, respectively; *P* = 0.1037), and III-V (2.0 ± 0.3 versus 1.7 ± 0.4 ms, respectively; *P* = 0.1462) intervals of ABR with 8-kHz tone burst stimulation were not significantly different between the control and SP groups.
10.1371/journal.pone.0178916.t003
###### ABR intervals by 8k tone burst sound of the both groups at the beginning and the end of this study.
{#pone.0178916.t003g}
Mean ± SD Control group SP group 95% CI of difference[\*](#t003fn002){ref-type="table-fn"} p values[\*\*](#t003fn003){ref-type="table-fn"}
------------------ --------------- ---------- ----------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------
At the beginning
I-III 1.2±0.3 1.4±0.3 -0.5\~0.2 0.3044
I-V 3.0±0.3 3.1±0.2 -0.4\~0.2 0.5029
III-V 1.8±0.4 1.7±0.2 -0.4\~0.5 0.7266
At the end
I-III 1.6±0.7 1.4±0.4 -0.5\~1.0 0.4696
I-V 3.6±0.7 3.0±0.2 -0.2\~1.3 0.1037
III-V 2.0±0.3 1.7±0.4 -0.1\~0.8 0.1462
Abbreviations: ABR: auditory brainstem response; CI: confident interval; SD: standard deviation.
\*Value of control group minus SP group. And, unit in the each cell was msec.
\*\* Student's t-test with Welch's approximation.
[Table 4](#pone.0178916.t004){ref-type="table"} shows the ABR intervals for both groups with 16-kHz tone burst sound at the beginning and end of this study. The I-III (1.2 ± 0.3 versus 1.4 ± 0.2 ms, respectively; *P* = 0.1109), I-V (3.2 ± 0.3 versus 3.1 ± 0.3 ms, respectively; *P* = 0.5988), and III-V (2.0 ± 0.4 versus 1.7 ± 0.3 ms, respectively; *P* = 0.1071) intervals of ABR with 16-kHz tone burst stimulation were not significantly different between the control and SP groups at the beginning of this study. However, the I-III interval (1.7 ± 0.5 versus 1.2 ± 0.3 ms, respectively; *P* = 0.0461), but not the I-V (3.4 ± 0.5 versus 3.0 ± 0.2 ms, respectively; *P* = 0.1149) or III-V (1.7 ± 0.3 versus 1.8 ± 0.4 ms, respectively; *P* = 0.6079) interval, of ABR with 16-kHz tone burst stimulation was significantly different between the control and SP groups at the end of this study.
10.1371/journal.pone.0178916.t004
###### ABR intervals by 16k tone burst sound of the both groups at the beginning and the end of this study.
{#pone.0178916.t004g}
Mean ± SD Control group SP group 95% CI of difference[\*](#t004fn002){ref-type="table-fn"} p values[\*\*](#t004fn003){ref-type="table-fn"}
------------------ --------------- ---------- ----------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------
At the beginning
I-III 1.2±0.3 1.4±0.2 -0.6\~0.1 0.1109
I-V 3.2±0.3 3.1±0.3 -0.3\~0.5 0.5988
III-V 2.0±0.4 1.7±0.3 -0.1\~0.8 0.1071
At the end
I-III 1.7±0.5 1.2±0.3 0.01\~1.0 0.0461
I-V 3.4±0.5 3.0±0.2 -0.1\~1.0 0.1149
III-V 1.7±0.3 1.8±0.4 -0.6\~0.4 0.6079
Abbreviations: ABR: auditory brainstem response; CI: confident interval; SD: standard deviation.
\*Value of control group minus SP group. And, unit in the each cell was msec.
\*\* Student's t-test with Welch's approximation.
Compared with the control group, the SP group had a significantly higher mRNA expression of the SOD gene in the cochlea (0.8 ± 0.1 versus 1.4 ± 0.2, respectively; 95% confidence interval \[CI\] for the control/SP difference = -0.8 to -0.4; *P* = 0.0002) and brainstem (0.9 ± 0.05 versus 1.1 ± 0.06, respectively; 95% CI control/SP difference = -0.3 to -0.1, respectively; *P* \< 0.0001) ([Fig 2a](#pone.0178916.g002){ref-type="fig"}). Second, the SP group had a significantly higher mRNA expression of the CAT gene in the cochlea (1.0 ± 0.03 versus 1.6 ± 0.36, respectively; 95% CI control/SP difference = -0.9 to -0.2; *P* = 0.0125) and brainstem (1.0 ± 0.04 versus 1.1 ± 0.05, respectively; 95% CI control/SP difference = -0.2 to -0.1, respectively; *P* = 0.0003) ([Fig 2b](#pone.0178916.g002){ref-type="fig"}). Third, as compared with the control group, the SP group had significantly higher mRNA expression of the GPx gene in the cochlea (0.7 ± 0.09 versus 1.1 ± 0.20, 95% CI control/SP difference = -0.5 to -0.1; *P* = 0.0054), but not in the brainstem (1.0 ± 0.13 versus 1.0 ± 0.32, respectively; 95% CI control/SP difference = -0.40 to 0.3; *P* = 0.7014) ([Fig 2c](#pone.0178916.g002){ref-type="fig"}). However, the SP group did not have a significantly lower expression of the TNF-α gene in the cochlea (0.7 ± 0.04 versus 0.8 ± 0.11, respectively; 95% CI control/SP difference = -0.1 to 0.1, = 0.6907) or brainstem (1.5 ± 0.32 versus 1.3 ± 0.37, respectively; 95% CI control/SP difference = -1.2 to 1.5; *P* = 0.7675). However, the SP group had significantly lower MDA activity in the cochlea (8.2 ± 1.16 versus 3.3 ± 1.37, respectively; 95% CI control/SP difference = 3.3 to 6.5; *P* \< 0.0001) and brainstem (5.4 ± 1.45 versus 3.0 ± 0.56, respectively; 95% CI control/SP difference = 0.9 to 3.9; *P* = 0.0067) ([Fig 2d](#pone.0178916.g002){ref-type="fig"}).
{#pone.0178916.g002}
Discussion {#sec011}
==========
This study demonstrated that SP diet supplementation could slow the deterioration of hearing thresholds with click sound and 8-kHz tone burst stimulation in SAMP8 mice. However, SP decreased only the I-III interval of ABRs with 16-kHz tone burst stimulation with borderline significance. SP could increase mRNA expression of the SOD and CAT genes but decrease MDA concentration in the cochlea and brainstem. It increased mRNA expression of the GPx gene only in the cochlea, but not in the brainstem.
These differential findings may raise an issue regarding ABR changes with aging and their responses to exogenous antioxidant supplementation. First, previous studies have shown that age, gender, hearing threshold, stimulation intensity, and side have significant influences on ABR latencies, interwave intervals, or both \[[@pone.0178916.ref022],[@pone.0178916.ref023]\]. Older patients have increased latencies and interwave intervals than younger patients \[[@pone.0178916.ref024]\]. SAMP1 and senescence-accelerated resistant mice (SAMR1) mice have age-related auditory loss expressed as elevated thresholds and prolonged I-III and I-IV intervals, especially at high frequencies \[[@pone.0178916.ref025]\]. Age-related threshold shifts and increased amplitude reductions were observed, but no changes were demonstrated in latencies or interwave intervals in guinea pigs \[[@pone.0178916.ref026]\]. Females have shorter latencies, shorter I-V or III-V intervals, and higher amplitudes than males \[[@pone.0178916.ref027]\]. Hearing loss was related to wave V latency, but not with waves I or III \[[@pone.0178916.ref028]\]. However, Watson \[[@pone.0178916.ref029]\] demonstrated that both wave I and V had latency prolongation with increasing levels of hearing loss. Furthermore, subjects had larger wave V amplitudes and shorter interwave intervals elicited from the right ear than the left ear \[[@pone.0178916.ref030]\]. The interaural differences in III-V intervals could be negatively correlated with hearing asymmetry \[[@pone.0178916.ref031]\]. According to the findings on the effects of aging on ABRs, threshold shifts and amplitude reductions might occur earlier than the prolongation of latencies or interwave intervals, as shown in a report by Proctor \[[@pone.0178916.ref026]\].
Second, some studies have demonstrated the effects of exogenous antioxidant supplementation on various components of ABRs. For example, lecithin could help preserve cochlear mitochondrial function and lessen age-related ABR threshold elevations in rats \[[@pone.0178916.ref032]\]. Additionally, vitamins B, E, or C or L-carnitine reduced cisplatin-induced ABR threshold elevation and interwave I-IV interval prolongation in rats \[[@pone.0178916.ref033]\]. Resveratrol might attenuate cisplatin-induced ototoxicity, as shown by hearing threshold values, wave I and IV latencies, and I-IV intervals \[[@pone.0178916.ref034]\]. Following antioxidant administration, increased ABR interwave intervals were restored in a neonatal rat model of hypoxic ischemic brain injury \[[@pone.0178916.ref035]\]. In humans, women who were treated with hormone replacement therapy had shorter wave latencies and interwave latencies than postmenopausal women in the control group \[[@pone.0178916.ref036]\]. In this study, SP slowed the deterioration of ABR thresholds, but not interwave intervals. Thus, we think exogenous antioxidant supplementation might have greater protective effects on ABR threshold shifts than on ABR interwave interval prolongation.
The SAMP8 strain experiences premature hearing loss and cochlear degeneration. The mechanisms underlying premature hearing loss in SAMP8 mice involves oxidative stress; altered antioxidant enzymes levels; and decreased complex I, II, and IV activity, which in turn leads to chronic inflammation and triggers the apoptotic pathway, autophagic cell death pathway, or both \[[@pone.0178916.ref037]\]. As for redox status, SOD activity was lower at 1 month in SAMP8 mice than in SAMR1 mice that had further declined in both strains at 9 months. No significant difference was found in cochlear CAT activity between 1-month-old SAMR1 mice and 1-month-old SAMP8 mice. At 9 months, although CAT activity had been maintained in SAMR1 mice, CAT activity was greatly reduced in SAMP8 mice \[[@pone.0178916.ref036]\]. MDA levels were significantly higher in the cochlea of SAMP8 mice than in those of SAMR1 mice. In this study, we demonstrated that SP could increase SOD, CAT, and GPx gene expression and decrease MDA levels in the cochlea and brainstem of 9-month-old SAMP8 mice.
Previous studies determined that the first stage of activation in the redox system occurs at the plasma membrane. NADPH oxidase localized in the plasma membrane reduces oxygen to superoxide anion radicals, which are then dismuted to hydrogen peroxide and oxygen by SOD. Intracellular enzymes including CAT, GPx, and heme oxygenase (HO)-1 then catalyze the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide (H~2~O~2~); H~2~O~2~ is also converted to hypochlorous acid (HOCl) by myeloperoxidase. Moreover, SP and its active ingredient have antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects through the inhibition of NADPH oxidase enzymes \[[@pone.0178916.ref018]\]. Thus, it is reasonable to determine if SP could modulate gene expression, enzymatic activity, or both regarding SOD, CAT, GPx, HO-1, or any combination of these. This hypothesis regarding the impact of SP on redox status has been reported in some previous studies. For example, SP reduced oxidative damage and augmented CAT activity in the hippocampus, striatum, and cortex of SAMP8 mice \[[@pone.0178916.ref019]\]. SP decreased salicylate-induced overexpression of Mn-SOD genes and MDA levels but increased salicylate-induced downregulation of CAT genes in many brain regions \[[@pone.0178916.ref021]\]. SP downregulated TNF-α mRNA and protein expression in the cochlea and inferior colliculus of SAMP8 mice with salicylate-induced tinnitus \[[@pone.0178916.ref020]\].
As shown in different studies on antioxidants, SP might have a differential impact or even the opposite effect on gene expression, enzymatic activities, or both. SP might augment antioxidant expression, enzymatic activities, or both in SAMP8 mice during normal aging as shown in a memory loss study \[[@pone.0178916.ref019]\] and in this ARHI study. However, SP might have the opposite effect on antioxidant gene expression, enzymatic activities, or both in SAMP8 mice with salicylate-induced tinnitus \[[@pone.0178916.ref020], [@pone.0178916.ref021]\]. Similarly, unlike the findings in another study on salicylate-induced tinnitus (20), SP did not alter the gene expression of TNF-α in the cochlea or brainstem in SAMP8 mice during normal aging in this study.
Conclusions {#sec012}
===========
SP diet supplementation could slow hearing threshold deterioration and decrease the I-III interval of ABRs with 16-kHz tone burst stimulation in SAMP8 mice. The beneficial effects of SP on auditory functions were possibly associated with increasing mRNA expression of SOD, CAT, and GPx genes and decreasing MDA concentration in the cochlea and brainstem.
Supporting information {#sec013}
======================
###### The original data of this experiment was shown.
(XLS)
######
Click here for additional data file.
The work described in this manuscript was supported by a grant (DTCRD-102) from the Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan. And, we thank Hsin-Yi Cheng, the Master from the Institute of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan, to performed the experiment of this study.
[^1]: **Competing Interests:**All authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
[^2]: **Conceptualization:** JHH.**Data curation:** JHH.**Formal analysis:** JHH.**Funding acquisition:** JHH.**Investigation:** YCC JHH.**Methodology:** YCC JHH.**Project administration:** YCC JHH.**Resources:** YCC JHH.**Software:** JHH.**Supervision:** JHH.**Validation:** JHH.**Visualization:** JHH.**Writing -- original draft:** YCC JHH.**Writing -- review & editing:** JHH.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | Wheelchairs
Decisions on the provision of equipment in hospitals are a matter for individual health authorities. The Department has no plans to require authorities to introduce self-propelled wheelchairs for the use of in-patients. |
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} | Crawford, 25, has come out of relative shadows this year, scoring a wide decision over rugged perennial contender Breidis Prescott of Colombia in March and then stopping 34-1-1 Mexican Alejandro Sanabria in June within six rounds. Klimov, 31, a former Russian and WBC USNBC beltholder, kicked off 2013 with a technical decision over 29-1, 28 KOs, Argentinean Matias Ezequiel Gomez in March; then showed guts and chin in a hard victory over another notable puncher John Molina en route to a majority decision – also in June.
It has been confirmed tonight by the Russian party, that Andrey Klimov (16-0, 8 KOs) will collide with highly regarded lightweight prospect Terence Crawford (21-0, 16 KOs) in a battle of undefeated sensations. The fight will take place on October 5 at Amway Center in Orlando, Florida, as a part of the Miguel Cotto vs. Delvin Rodriguez showdown. Crawford is currently rated #1 by the WBO and #3 by the IBF, while Klimov is IBF #7 and WBO #12 rated lightweight. The clash is set for ten rounds, and WBO NABO 135lb title will be at stake.
Terence Crawford vs. Andrey Klimov is On for Oct. 5
User Comments and Feedback
"Klimov is as average as they come." He showed a lot of guts,skill, and class against Molina.
Klimov is as average as they come.
[QUOTE=torosboxing75;13667157]Can't wait to see Crawford in the ring again this guy is really good.:dance:[/QUOTE] He's good but I feel the complete opposite about him. I really don't care to see this guy again. It's like that with Ward too.
Can't wait to see Crawford in the ring again this guy is really good.:dance:
[QUOTE=Freedom2013;13666810]Klimov is okay, but rather ordinary. Why not put a [I]talented[/I] Russian like Denis Shafikov on HBO against Terrance Crawford?[/QUOTE] [QUOTE=Mikhnienko;13666839]Yeah pretty decent operator but feather fisted. Shafikov in some sort of eliminator would be perfect but Top Rank probably… |
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | Nearly 95 percent, or 950 million, Android devices carry a "scary" code inside them, according to researchers. Zimperium zLabs has discovered a security bug what it calls to "be the worst Android vulnerabilities discovered to date."The bug, named 'Stagefright', is actually a media library that processes several popular media formats. Since media processing is often time-sensitive, the library is implemented in native code (C++) that is more prone to memory corruption than memory-safe languages like Java.Zimperium zLabs VP of Platform Research and Exploitation, Joshua J. Dra... |
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} | A Sydney psychiatrist has been suspended for misconduct including telling an alleged child sex offender 'in other countries it is legal' and 'back in Greek times it was OK'.
Dr Ian De Saxe also was found to have told the patient: 'I'm willing to lie for you and willing to write you a report. Get your solicitor to contact me and I will talk to him'; and to have invited the patient to perform oral sex on him.
The NSW Civil and Administrative Tribunal on Tuesday found him guilty of professional misconduct in relation to three patients and suspended him from practice 'forthwith'.
Sydney psychiatrist has been suspended for misconduct involving a paedophile (stock image)
He admitted misconduct with two patients, but disputed claims by a third man who was treated at a private hospital on Sydney's lower north shore and whose evidence was accepted by the tribunal.
It accepted that De Saxe made inappropriate comments to the patient, who had a psycho-sexual disorder, and was facing criminal charges related to indecently assaulting a 15-year-old boy.
They were: 'society doesn't always understand the way things are but it's OK'; 'it was all right to do this'; 'in other countries it is legal'; 'back in Greek times it was OK'; 'it should be allowed'; 'I don't agree with the law'; and that the conduct 'wasn't that bad'.
In his testimony to the tribunal De Saxe stated he may have made comments to try to comfort the patient.
'During his evidence, the practitioner expressed views (that) clearly indicated that sexual conduct between adult males and post-pubescent youths was not untoward,' the tribunal said.
The misconduct with the first patient involved De Saxe engaging in inappropriate sexual contact with him, and failing to stop treating him after the first incident.
Other complaints related to circumstances surrounding his prescribing drugs of addiction to the first and second patients.
He also had offered to massage the legs of the second patient and at one stage asked: 'Do you want me to go any higher?' |
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | Chelsea Handler Leaving Netflix Show
Chelsea, Chelsea Handler’s weekly talk show, will not be returning for a third season on Netflix, the comedian has announced with a statement on Twitter. Handler said the presidential election and the dramatic events that followed “galvanized” her and persuaded her to scrap the show in favor of a renewed political activism. |
{
"pile_set_name": "Github"
} | package hare
import (
"bytes"
"encoding/binary"
"fmt"
"github.com/spacemeshos/go-spacemesh/common/types"
"hash/fnv"
"sort"
)
type instanceID types.LayerID
type messageType byte
// declare all known message types
const (
status messageType = 0
proposal messageType = 1
commit messageType = 2
notify messageType = 3
pre messageType = 10
)
// declare round identifiers
const (
preRound = -1
statusRound = 0
proposalRound = 1
commitRound = 2
notifyRound = 3
)
const defaultSetSize = 200
func (mType messageType) String() string {
switch mType {
case status:
return "Status"
case proposal:
return "Proposal"
case commit:
return "Commit"
case notify:
return "Notify"
case pre:
return "PreRound"
default:
return "Unknown message type"
}
}
func (id instanceID) Bytes() []byte {
idInBytes := make([]byte, 4)
binary.LittleEndian.PutUint32(idInBytes, uint32(id))
return idInBytes
}
// Set represents a unique set of values.
type Set struct {
values map[types.BlockID]struct{}
id uint32
isIDValid bool
}
// NewDefaultEmptySet creates an empty set with the default size.
func NewDefaultEmptySet() *Set {
return NewEmptySet(defaultSetSize)
}
// NewEmptySet creates an empty set with the provided size.
func NewEmptySet(size int) *Set {
s := &Set{}
s.values = make(map[types.BlockID]struct{}, size)
s.id = 0
s.isIDValid = false
return s
}
// NewSetFromValues creates a set of the provided values.
// Note: duplicated values are ignored.
func NewSetFromValues(values ...types.BlockID) *Set {
s := &Set{}
s.values = make(map[types.BlockID]struct{}, len(values))
for _, v := range values {
s.Add(v)
}
s.id = 0
s.isIDValid = false
return s
}
// NewSet creates a set from the provided array of values.
// Note: duplicated values are ignored.
func NewSet(data []types.BlockID) *Set {
s := &Set{}
s.isIDValid = false
s.values = make(map[types.BlockID]struct{}, len(data))
for _, bid := range data {
s.values[bid] = struct{}{}
}
return s
}
// Clone creates a copy of the set.
func (s *Set) Clone() *Set {
clone := NewEmptySet(len(s.values))
for bid := range s.values {
clone.Add(bid)
}
return clone
}
// Contains returns true if the provided value is contained in the set, false otherwise.
func (s *Set) Contains(id types.BlockID) bool {
_, exist := s.values[id]
return exist
}
// Add a value to the set.
// It has no effect if the value already exists in the set.
func (s *Set) Add(id types.BlockID) {
if _, exist := s.values[id]; exist {
return
}
s.isIDValid = false
s.values[id] = struct{}{}
}
// Remove a value from the set.
// It has no effect if the value doesn't exist in the set.
func (s *Set) Remove(id types.BlockID) {
if _, exist := s.values[id]; !exist {
return
}
s.isIDValid = false
delete(s.values, id)
}
// Equals returns true if the provided set represents this set, false otherwise.
func (s *Set) Equals(g *Set) bool {
if len(s.values) != len(g.values) {
return false
}
for bid := range s.values {
if _, exist := g.values[bid]; !exist {
return false
}
}
return true
}
// ToSlice returns the array representation of the set.
func (s *Set) ToSlice() []types.BlockID {
// order keys
keys := make([]types.BlockID, len(s.values))
i := 0
for k := range s.values {
keys[i] = k
i++
}
sort.Slice(keys, func(i, j int) bool { return bytes.Compare(keys[i].Bytes(), keys[j].Bytes()) == -1 })
l := make([]types.BlockID, 0, len(s.values))
for i := range keys {
l = append(l, keys[i])
}
return l
}
func (s *Set) updateID() {
// order keys
keys := make([]types.BlockID, len(s.values))
i := 0
for k := range s.values {
keys[i] = k
i++
}
sort.Slice(keys, func(i, j int) bool { return bytes.Compare(keys[i].Bytes(), keys[j].Bytes()) == -1 })
// calc
h := fnv.New32()
for i := 0; i < len(keys); i++ {
h.Write(keys[i].Bytes())
}
// update
s.id = h.Sum32()
s.isIDValid = true
}
// ID returns the ObjectID of the set.
func (s *Set) ID() uint32 {
if !s.isIDValid {
s.updateID()
}
return s.id
}
func (s *Set) String() string {
// TODO: should improve
b := new(bytes.Buffer)
for v := range s.values {
fmt.Fprintf(b, "%v,", v.String())
}
if b.Len() >= 1 {
return b.String()[:b.Len()-1]
}
return b.String()
}
// IsSubSetOf returns true if s is a subset of g, false otherwise.
func (s *Set) IsSubSetOf(g *Set) bool {
for v := range s.values {
if !g.Contains(v) {
return false
}
}
return true
}
// Intersection returns the intersection a new set which represents the intersection of s and g.
func (s *Set) Intersection(g *Set) *Set {
both := NewEmptySet(len(s.values))
for v := range s.values {
if g.Contains(v) {
both.Add(v)
}
}
return both
}
// Union returns a new set which represetns the union set of s and g.
func (s *Set) Union(g *Set) *Set {
union := NewEmptySet(len(s.values) + len(g.values))
for v := range s.values {
union.Add(v)
}
for v := range g.values {
union.Add(v)
}
return union
}
// Complement returns a new set that represents the complement of s relatively to the world u.
func (s *Set) Complement(u *Set) *Set {
comp := NewEmptySet(len(u.values))
for v := range u.values {
if !s.Contains(v) {
comp.Add(v)
}
}
return comp
}
// Subtract g from s.
func (s *Set) Subtract(g *Set) {
for v := range g.values {
s.Remove(v)
}
}
// Size returns the number of elements in the set.
func (s *Set) Size() int {
return len(s.values)
}
|
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} | Q:
HTML list formatting
New to CSS. I tried to create a cascaded bullets. Turned out the style for li, ul were overwritten by some css file, I had to manually add style="list-style-type: disc;" to get back the bullet.
However the following HTML code doesn't produce the nested bullets with identations.
this is an example
<ul>
<li style="list-style-type: disc;"> this 1
<ul>
<li style="list-style-type: disc;"> this is 1.1</li>
<li style="list-style-type: disc;"> this is 1.2</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
Here is what it looks on my browser
Any idea how to make the nested list with indentation by applying the right styles on the ul and li elements?
Thanks in advance.
A:
Check this example, I have made it very close to your case:
http://jsfiddle.net/MUNP9/
The idea is that some CSS in the page is overriding default padding-left of the nested ul. You can override it again.
Like:
ul ul {
padding-left: 40px;
}
Also, you don't need to apply inline styles, just use CSS classes.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | TroublemakerBit of a premature review, as i've only listened to it once through and only on my laptops speakers. Can't really get a good listen till i've got a copy on vinyl and have it blasting through my stereo (which i did with my new copy of Cocksparrer - Forever this morning, fucking aye).When I got into punk as a 14/15 year old through skate boarding and the like, I listened to allot of stuff i would now not bother with, Rancid are one of the only bands that got me into punk that I still fucking love. It's fun, poppy but with some rough sincerity. I also really dig their lyrical style, it's slightly more interesting and artistic than the typical "fuckwar, fuck mcdonalds but spike your hair and spend all your money on heavily taxed items like alcohol" type lyrics you find in street punk, there's a lucid street level poetic aspect to it. A neat story telling ability that puts you in the moment. I feel like this album serves them slightly more truer to their sound than their 2015 album or that Let the Dominoes fall bollox i only listend to half way through all those years ago. I really like it, 'All american Neighbourhood' has some 'RANCID 2000' stylings, theres some usual rancid rocksteady influence there which they meld into their sound really well as always. ' Chucked in a piano on 'Bovver boy ROCKnROll' which to be honest is pretty misguided attempt on paying homage to that styling, and is subsequently a kind of a weak track. "beauty of a poolhall" is the only song that really jumped out at me, most songs dont really stand out significantly, but they did themselves proud by pulling out the same tempo punkrock they have usually produced.They video is fitting with them playing in one of their 'dad/mancave sheds' which is a presumabley an honest porthole into their contemporary lives, they all look a bit older and chubbier, Lars is obviously dressed like a colourful accountant as he is accustomed to since he converted to skinheadism, Tim looks kind of like a cross between a crazy homeless guy i used to see in at Newtown WINZ and Tom Anderson. I kind of like this album, I'm kind of drunk and sitting infront of my computer so I will probably jump on discogs and order it now, then wake up in the morning, see this post, the missing money in my bank account the empty beer bottles all over my floor and question my life choices once again which i usually do on sunday mornings...Anyhow, noone abouve 18 really takes this band seriously and I imagine Sam Deformed is the only one on Punkas.com that actually cares about this album
I haven't listened to the whole thing yet. I found telegraph avenue pretty terrible when it was released (just as I was typing this I had it playing and my 5yo daughter started dancing around so there you go, maybe it's a youth thing).
Rancid isn't a band I listened to much until my late 20s. Mainly cause I always thought it was a bit cheesy. In saying that I saw them at Punk Rock Bowling in 2012(ish) and it was one of the best/funnest live shows I've seen. Now I'm 31 and have kids I find I'm way more open minded going back and revisiting all these bands I skipped in my teens/20s.
Just this last week I was listening to this Turned Out A Punk interview with Lars. It's a goodie and gave me a whole new appreciation for the band and the massive impact they've had on the scene. Plus some fucking hilarious stories https://audioboom.com/posts/5377427-epi ... ls-uk-subs
Anyway this ended being a big ramble but my point is I'll give it a fair listen at some point.
There's more to life than thrashSo let's get really smashedand do the heavy head dance
ok, well, im not going to listen to this cos altho i still occasionally listen to early rancid, i havnt had much apreesh for anything theyve done in 20 fuckin years(fuckin hell im old).
but i have a shitty little anecdote for you, a short while ago, a friend of mine was looking thru my fb pictures and messaged me 'oh wow, you have a photo with Tim Armstrong!'i immediately realised she meant this one;thats Todd of The Deadbeats, i laughed and explained it was just a spurious tag cos he was dressed kinda like him, she was pretty surprised saying he really looks just like Tim, i replied that Todd now had a shaved head and a beard.which made me laugh again, saying, "but i bet fucking Tim Armstrong does too by now"
so a few days later, i saw a new video from rancid and Tim looks like this
This theory was solidified when the suicide dogs formed. But to be honest tim armstrong/ todd both look like they sit around on the swanky end of K rd sipping Long Machiato's whilst wearing square lensless glasses. Much like the Brunswick punx of melbourne. But in saying that i order Soy lattes sometimes so maybe i should just shut up and admit im a wanky melbourne prick too. Kinda want a soy latte now actually.....
Hipster habits aside. Talk back radio is choice as . I listen to it at work as a compromise as we all hate eachothers music. Sometimes its quite interesting. I learnt about mating habits of various reptiles the other day when i was straightening walls. That was a good day.
dave-brown wrote:Anyhow, noone abouve 18 really takes this band seriously and I imagine Sam Deformed is the only one on Punkas.com that actually cares about this album
Haha great thread Dave. Excellent banter regarding Todd also.
I fully condone Rancid and this new album. It's definitely a stronger listen than the previous two albums - although I was actually quite fond of the pop trajectory of some songs from Dominoes Fall. I think they're a great band and this album although it's lacking some more of the ska/reggae vibes of previous efforts it has a more concise feel to it more like the 'Let's Go' album.I've been thrashing it since it leaked early last week and there were many tracks which stuck out to me but I simply enjoyed the pace of the album and the flow (if you could call it that) of the lyrics. It's both an honest and nostalgic delivery which breathes new & refreshing energy into what is now old music. I think my fave tracks are the title track, Where I'm Going, Buddy, Farewell Lola Blue, Blues Again, This Is Not The End - hell there's not a dud track on it in my ears. The 2 bonus tracks We Arrived Right On Time and Go On Rise Up are great songs too.The melodies on the album really work well in all of the songs with what I feel is a really spot-on production - it doesn't sound over-produced like they did on Dominoes Fall. The guitar leads from Tim and Lars really shine on here - That wailing guitar on the closer is the perfect ending on the LP. I do wish they just put the 2 7" bonus tracks on the LP though - I guess they couldn't all fit.
Went halves with the missus on the Ltd bundle with some sweet Clockwork Orange themed t-shirts, enamel pin and a signed giclee print of the cover which I'm gonna frame - soon to be the beauty of the pool hall. |
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | For many of us, memes (both dank and otherwise) are one of the primary draws of going online, a small glimmer of light in the shadow universe that is the world wide web. This week, however, one Judge Judy plaintiff swore under penalty of TV perjury that she had nothing to do with memes—or, by her own telling, “meemees.”
“This is a meemee,” testified 30-year-old Mary Francese. “I did not start this meemee. I did not make this meemee. And I did not share this meme.”
Screencap: CBS. The “meemee” in question.
Thankfully, the honorable Judy rightly shot down the suggestion that Francese was somehow responsible for the meemee as it “had to come from somewhere.”
Advertisement
“Well, yeah,” said Judy. “Everything came from somewhere,” an observation that captures much of the beauty and mystery of the things we find online. |
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts"
} | Diagnostic use of filarial antibody and antigen isolated from hydrocele fluid for human filariasis.
Paired samples of serum and hydrocele fluid of filarial patients associated with hydrocele were analysed for filarial antibody and antigen. Sera samples showed higher titers of filarial antibody and antigen compared to their corresponding hydrocele fluid samples. HFIgG isolated from hydrocele fluid was equally useful as FSIgG isolated from serum and detected filarial antigen in 23 out of 26 microfilaraemic sera, 7 out of 10 chronic sera and 3 out of 18 endemic normal sera by inhibition ELISA. Filarial antigen was isolated from hydrocele fluid. In inhibition ELISA antigen fraction, HFA-9 (20-25 kDa) isolated by sodium-dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed high reciprocal antigen titer of 2048. This active antigen fraction was evaluated for its diagnostic utility in comparison with Wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae excretory-secretory antigen (Wb mf ES Ag) in inhibition ELISA. Both antigen preparations detected filarial antigen in about 80% of microfilaraemic sera, 60% chronic sera and 20-30% of endemic normal sera. This study showed that antibody and antigen isolated from hydrocele fluid were equally sensitive as FSIgG and Wb mf ES Ag in the detection of filarial antigen by inhibition ELISA. Thus hydrocele fluid may be used as an alternative source for the isolation of antibody and antigen of immunodiagnostic importance. |
{
"pile_set_name": "Github"
} | <!doctype html>
<title>Selection.addRange() tests</title>
<meta name="timeout" content="long">
<div id="log"></div>
<script src="/resources/testharness.js"></script>
<script src="/resources/testharnessreport.js"></script>
<script src="common.js"></script>
<script src="addRange.js"></script>
<script>
"use strict";
testAddRangeSubSet(52, 56);
testDiv.style.display = "none";
</script>
|
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} | Haryana govt cancel leaves for officials in Muncipality
The Haryana government has cancelled leave of all officials in municipalities across the state, in view of the IMD issuing an alert forecasting thunderstorm and squall tomorrow in several parts of north India. Fire and other emergency services, too, have been directed to remain alert.
The directions were issued by the state government after a meeting of Haryana Urban Local Bodies Minister Kavita Jain with senior officers of her department here. |
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | Garmin nuvi 465/465T Bluetooth Trucking GPSHave you completed your truck with a navigator system? Yes, it is very important for you and your trucking activity. Trucking without knowing the exact way would be very dangerous [...]
Notifications are broken. Here’s how Apple and Google can fix them.
Nothing epitomizes our love-hate relationship with today’s tech more than the push notification.
Our hatred of those badges, banners, and little red dots has never felt more visceral. To anyone with a smartphone, the device often feels like a devil’s bargain: You get to carry around knowledge and communication beyond what anyone in history has ever wielded at the cost of getting interrupted several times a day by default.
It’s not just smartphones. Desktop operating systems have borrowed heavily from their mobile counterparts in recent years, bringing with them notifications galore. Even the web itself won’t leave us alone: our browsers are continually bothering us to allow some sites and services to send alerts, adding to the cacophony of dings.
The tech industry brought this on itself. John Hermann at the New York Times does an excellent job of pinpointing the origin of the problem, correctly ascertaining the simple reason that every service is sending us red dots: they work. Someone, somewhere is tapping on that badge that just appeared on your lock screen. What other reason would any service send something this ridiculous?
The problem has a seemingly simple, if extreme, solution (and one that I’ve clearly been tempted to do myself): Turn off notifications — all of them. Tech columnist David Pierce makes a strong case for this, advocating that it “puts you back in control.” He’s far from alone. Farhad Manjoo at the Times recently decided to get all his news from print for two months and found the freedom from social media and notifications liberating.
Act vs. react is a false choice
All this shut-it-down talk certainly feels empowering: Damn little red bubbles — you’re not the boss of me! Knee-jerk emotions aside, it’s also philosophically comforting: Turning off notifications forces you to be more proactive than reactive.
The thing is, sometimes we want to be reactive. If a family member is sending me a message, I want to know as soon as possible, whether it’s a crisis or not. I find calendar alerts to be invaluable in helping me stay on schedule. And there are certain things — individuals I deem important, franchises I’m a fan of, and news sources I trust — where I genuinely desire (or a least don’t mind) hearing about new stuff.
The argument against all this is, “But you’ll still get to all that later, just on your own time.” First, while that sounds right, it could mean missing out on cultural conversations I want to be a part of. You could question the value of those in the first place, I admit, but then we’re veering further into self-help and not an actual tech problem (which, to be clear, does exist).
Second: Would I get to it later? I’m not so sure. “Take on the world, head on, on your terms,” is great general life advice, but the day-to-day often doesn’t lend itself to such constant invigoration — at least outside of “Type A” personalities. In other words, for the rest of us, we’ll probably never get to it. Though we probably don’t want to admit it, we need the kick in the pants in the moment if we’re going to take any action at all.
All of this is not to say push notifications aren’t broken — they are — but I’ll dare to voice an unpopular opinion on the subject: They’re worth trying to fix rather than throwing them out altogether.
Unpopping the red bubble
To do so, I propose a more nuanced look at notifications, recognizing that a text from a loved one isn’t the same as a colleague with a routine question, which isn’t the same as a suggestion to “rediscover this day.” Everyone could probably separate the notifications they get into 3 levels of urgency:
Must have: Texts from family, work projects, actual phone calls would all fall here.
Would be nice: This is stuff you’re interested in that isn’t life-affecting (including content you’ve recently interacted with and would like to know about new activity)
Who cares? Unsolicited alerts just mugging for your attention — all the crap, basically.
It would be great if every app and service recognized this pretty obvious hierarchy of urgency and simply get rid of No. 3 wholesale. That’s never going to happen for the same reason email spam will never fully go away: There will always be some percentage of people who respond to the alert, and as long as the service is providing something essential enough that the bulk of users aren’t tossing it, some amount of dross will continue.
A straightforward solution is to put the burden on users: customize your notifications so you only get the ones you want. That’s great in theory, but in practice few will actually do so. And even if you do take the time to tailor your notifications, there’s always the risk that this or that app will get thirsty and tap you on the shoulder about your “burrito crush” or some other such nonsense. The solution needs to be system-wide.
Short of a broad rethinking of notifications in the tech industry, I believe the only solution to the notification problem is… wait for it… AI. I know: It’s an overused buzzword, but hear me out: Your phone, laptop, and web browser all know your habits — which apps you interact with, how long you typically spend in them, which notifications you’re likely to respond to, and the way in which you’ve customized those notifications.
Taking all these signals, your devices could start to massage the notifications you see, regardless of what the originator of the alert wanted to send you. It’d be controversial (you can bet most services won’t like the idea) but you could avoid much of the controversy by making the — let’s call it auto-curation — of push alerts opt-in.
I challenge smartphone makers and platform stewards like Apple, Google, Samsung and others to figure this out. The half-hearted guidelines on push notifications clearly aren’t working. Larger solutions are needed, lest the multiplying red bubbles on our devices pass the point of no return and truly become the new spam: something to be eradicated, not fixed. |
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} | Q:
angularjs synchronise $request to update database before $request.query() is fired on index view
My index view is pulling all the models from database before the update is carried out is there any way to make sure these actions are synchronised. the model is updated and shows up in index page after a refresh here is the code
app = angular.module('enterprise',["ngResource"])
.config(['$routeProvider','$locationProvider','$httpProvider', ($routeProvider,$locationProvider,provider )->
$locationProvider.html5Mode(true)
provider.defaults.headers.common['X-CSRF-Token'] = $('meta[name=csrf-token]').attr('content')
$routeProvider.when('/', {templateUrl: '<%=asset_path('list.html') %>', controller: AppCtrl})
$routeProvider.when('/new', {templateUrl: '<%=asset_path('edit.html') %>', controller: NewCtrl})
$routeProvider.when('/edit/:id', {templateUrl: '<%=asset_path('edit.html') %>', controller: EditCtrl})
$routeProvider.otherwise({redirectTo: '/'})
]
app.factory "People", ["$resource",($resource)->
$resource("/people/:id", {id:"@id"},{update: {method:"PUT"}}, {})
]
@AppCtrl=["$scope","People",($scope, People)->
$scope.crew = People.query()
]
@NewCtrl=["$scope","$location", "People",($scope, $location, People) ->
$scope.save = ->
person = People.save($scope.person)
$location.path("/")
]
@EditCtrl=["$scope", "$location", "$routeParams","People",($scope, $location, $routeParams, People)->
$scope.person = People.get({id:$routeParams.id})
$scope.save = ->
person = People.get({id:$routeParams.id }
, ->
person.name = $scope.person.name
person.description = $scope.person.description
person.$update()
)
$location.path("/")
]
any advice on ensuring model is updated before returning to index view
A:
Put $location.path("/") in the People resource's callback function. $resource actions have success/failure callbacks.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} | Q:
javascript selecting a custom cursor (svg)
I'm dynamically changing a cursor to a local svg on hover with
$(element).on('mouseover', function () {
$(this).css('cursor', 'url(svgs/pointer.svg) 9 30 auto');
};
Thats working fine but I'd like to select that svg to manipulate its fill color.
Is there any way to do this so I don't have to make a bunch of different svgs with different fills?
Thanks
A:
You can use inline SVG. Just open your SVG file with your text editor. Copy the XML and use it instead. Just change the fill value and reassign it to the element.
cursor: url('data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg fill="%23FF0000" height="48" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="48" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M20 11H7.83l5.59-5.59L12 4l-8 8 8 8 1.41-1.41L7.83 13H20v-2z"/></svg>') 24 24, auto;
When using this technique you should escape special chars in the data. Some people prefer to Base64 their images but for SVG you don't need it. In the example above I only had to replace # in the fill value with %23.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} | Q:
Can't load CSV into MySQL: Row 1 doesn't contain data for all columns
I spun a container with the mysql image. I am trying to load a CSV.
It looks sort of like this but with more rows. It is located in /local/data/af_bases.csv within the container. You can get a copy of the file here.
Tinker AFB,Oklahoma,9y69rzbsh9mz,-1
Andrews AFB,Maryland,dqckf8m8ry2c,-1
Grissom AFB,Indiana,dp4xrf0ufvjd,-1
I create a database geolocations. And then I want to run the following:
USE geolocations;
CREATE TABLE bases(
name varchar(255),
state varchar(255),
geohash varchar(255),
confirmed float,
timestamp timestamp not null default current_timestamp on update current_timestamp
);
LOAD DATA INFILE '/local/data/af_bases.csv' INTO TABLE bases
FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' ENCLOSED BY ''
LINES TERMINATED BY '\n';
However, I get the following:
ERROR 1261 (01000): Row 1 doesn't contain data for all columns
I have tried enclosing the data in double quotations and doing ENCLOSED BY '"' but it doesn't seem to like it either way.
Any ideas? Thanks :)
A:
Your table has 5 columns, the CSV only has 4 fields in each row.
The CSV is missing the timestamp column. If you want that to get the default value instead of taking it from the CSV, you need to list the columns explicitly in the LOAD DATA statement. The default is to fill in all the columns of the table.
LOAD DATA INFILE '/local/data/af_bases.csv'
INTO TABLE bases (name, state, geohash, confirmed)
FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
LINES TERMINATED BY '\n';
|
{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
} | 1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an illumination optical system, an exposure apparatus, and a device manufacturing method.
2. Description of the Related Art
Devices such as a semiconductor device can be manufactured by a lithography process. A projection exposure apparatus is used in the lithography process. The lithography process includes a process of projecting a circuit pattern onto a substrate (e.g., a silicon substrate or glass substrate) coated with a photosensitive material, thereby transferring the circuit pattern onto the photosensitive material.
Along with the recent advance of the micropatterning of semiconductor devices, a pattern having a line width of 0.15 μm or less is transferred onto a substrate. The advance of the micropatterning of semiconductor devices improves the packing density, which makes it possible to manufacture low-power, high-performance semiconductor devices. Under the circumstances, a high demand has arisen for further advance of the micropatterning of semiconductor devices. Along with this demand, another high demand, in turn, has arisen for an improvement in the resolving power of the projection exposure apparatus.
The relationship among a resolving power R (a line & space pitch that can be transferred), a numerical aperture NA of the projection optical system, and a wavelength λ of the exposure light is given by:R=k1×λ/NA (1)where k1 is a coefficient.
As is obvious from equation (1), to increase the resolving power (to decrease the value of R), it is only necessary to shorten the wavelength λ of the exposure apparatus or increase the numerical aperture NA of the projection optical system. For this reason, conventionally, the NA of the exposure apparatus has been increasing and the wavelength of the exposure light has been shortening.
Unfortunately, the recent study has revealed that along with an increase in NA, p-polarized light (a light component whose electric field vector lies on a plane including the light component and the normal to the substrate when it strikes the substrate) decreases the contrast of interference fringes in the resist. In view of this, to improve the resolving power by increasing the NA, it is necessary to attain polarized illumination which uses only s-polarized light (a light component whose electric field vector is perpendicular to that of the p-polarized light) by eliminating the p-polarized light along with an increase in NA.
This is because the resist is exposed depending on the strength of the electric field component of the light. As the NA increases, the electric field vector of the p-polarized light generates no interference fringes, resulting in an intensity distribution having a uniform intensity irrespective of the position on it.
Assume a coordinate system as shown in FIG. 2, on which interference fringes are formed by interference between two diffracted light beams E+ and E−. This specification assumes the z direction as the optical axis direction, and the z-axis as the normal to the x-y plane. Note that when the optical axis is bent by a mirror, the z direction is also bent. That is, this specification defines the x, y, and z directions on a relative coordinate system which uses the optical axis direction as a reference.
Referring to FIG. 2, the diffracted light beams E+ and E− each include s-polarized light (amplitude: Es) whose electric field vector is parallel to a substrate W, and p-polarized light (amplitude: Ep) perpendicular to the s-polarized light.
The diffracted light beams E+ and E− are given by:
E + = ( - Ep cos θ Es - Ep sin θ ) ⅇ 2 πⅈ ( vt - z cos θ λ + x sin θ λ ) ( 2 ) E - = ( - Ep cos θ Es Ep sin θ ) ⅇ 2 πⅈ ( vt - z cos θ λ - x sin θ λ ) ( 3 ) where ν is the frequency, and λ is the wavelength. For the sake of simplicity, the diffracted light beams E+ and E− are assumed to be 45° linearly polarized light beams in each of which the s-polarized light is in phase with the p-polarized light.
The sum of the diffracted light beams E+ and E− is the amplitude of interference fringes and given by:
E + + E - = ( - 2 Ep cos θ cos ( 2 π x sin θ λ ) 2 Es cos ( 2 π x sin θ λ ) - 2 iEp sin θ sin ( 2 π x sin θ λ ) ) ⅇ 2 π ⅈ ( vt - z cos θ λ ) ( 4 )
The square of the absolute value of this amplitude is the intensity of the interference fringes and given by:
E + + E - 2 = 4 Ep 2 cos 2 θ cos 2 ( 2 π x sin θ λ ) + 4 Es 2 cos 2 ( 2 π x sin θ λ ) + 4 Ep 2 sin 2 θsin 2 ( 2 π x sin θ λ ) = 4 ( Es 2 + Ep 2 cos 2 θ ) cos 2 ( 2 π x sin θ λ ) + 4 Ep 2 sin 2 θ ( 5 ) In equation ( 5 ) , the term : cos 2 ( 2 π x sin θ λ ) ( 6 ) expresses the oscillation amplitude of the interference fringes. In this case, the intensity distribution of a line & space pattern has a period λ/sin θ in the x direction.
When a micropattern is projected using a high-NA projection optical system, the angle θ between the z-axis and the diffracted light beam becomes larger than when a normal one is used. For example, FIG. 3 shows the angle θ between the z-axis and the diffracted light beam in a photosensitive material (the refractive index in a resist: 1.7) when a line & space pattern having a period of L nm is projected using an ArF laser beam having a wavelength λ=193 nm. The angle θ between the z-axis and the diffracted light beam becomes 45° when the period roughly falls below 160 nm.
As the angle θ becomes 45°, cos 2θ in the coefficient of the term expressed by equation (6) becomes zero, and the term expressed by equation (6) therefore becomes zero. For this reason, the amplitude Ep of the p-polarized light is not reflected on the term of the oscillation amplitude of the interference fringes at all, but is reflected on only sin2 θ that expresses interference fringes which do not oscillate in the x direction. The above-described fact demonstrates that the p-polarized light merely decreases the contrast of the interference fringes.
Whether the diffracted light beam is p-polarized or s-polarized is determined in accordance with the relationship between the diffracted light beam and the substrate. In other words, since the above description is given assuming s-polarized light and p-polarized light for a pattern which extends in the y direction and has a periodicity in the x direction, the s-polarized light is a Y-polarized light component whose electric field vector points in the y direction, and the p-polarized light is an X-polarized light component whose electric field vector points in the x direction. Conversely, when a pattern which extends in the x direction and has a periodicity in the y direction is used, a diffracted light beam is generated in the y direction. In this case, the s-polarized light is an X-polarized light component whose electric field vector points in the x direction, and the p-polarized light is a Y-polarized light component perpendicular to the s-polarized light. In other words, an incident light beam which is s-polarized for a pattern having a periodicity in the x direction turns into that which is p-polarized for a pattern having a periodicity in the y direction. Note that the polarization state changes depending on the reference surface and the light beam incident direction.
As described above, the p-polarized light decreases the contrast of an image in an exposure apparatus having a high-NA projection optical system. To obtain a high-contrast image, it is effective to perform exposure using exposure light including a relatively small amount of p-polarized light and a relatively large amount of s-polarized light. An illumination system which provides polarized illumination, that illuminates the mask in a predetermined polarization state, is therefore important for high-NA lithography in the future.
FIG. 4 is a view showing the polarization states on the pupil plane of an illumination system attained by the illumination system which provides polarized illumination. Y-polarized low-σ illumination is effective in transferring a repetitive pattern in the x direction when used together with an Alt-PSM. Note that σ is called a coherence factor, which is obtained by dividing the NA of the illumination optical system on its exit side by that of the projection optical system on its incident side. X-polarized low-σ illumination is effective in transferring a repetitive pattern in the y direction when used together with an Alt-PSM. Y-polarized X-dipole illumination is advantageous to transferring a repetitive pattern in the x direction when used together with a binary mask or a halftone mask (also called an Att-PSM). X-polarized Y-dipole illumination is effective in transferring a repetitive pattern in the y direction when used together with a binary mask or Att-PSM. Tangentially polarized crosspole illumination is effective in transferring a pattern as a mixture of repetitive patterns in both the x and y directions when used together with a binary mask or Att-PSM. Tangentially polarized annular illumination is effective in transferring a pattern as a mixture of repetitive patterns in various directions when used together with a binary mask or Att-PSM. The tangential polarization means a polarization state in which the electric field vector points in a direction nearly perpendicular to the direction of the center of the optical axis at each point on the pupil of the illumination system. Radially polarized 45°-quadrupole illumination is effective in transferring a contact hole pattern when used together with a Cr-less PSM. The radial polarization means a polarization state in which the electric field vector points in the direction of the center of the optical axis at each point on the pupil of the illumination system.
FIG. 5 is a view showing an arrangement example of a projection exposure apparatus having an illumination optical system which illuminates an original with polarized light. An example of this projection exposure apparatus is disclosed in, e.g., PCT(WO) 2004/051717.
A light source 1 provides light to the illumination optical system. The light source 1 is, e.g., an excimer laser. A waveplate (polarization control unit) 2 is, e.g., an optical element made of a birefringent glass material such as quartz crystal or magnesium fluoride. The waveplate 2 collectively converts polarized light provided by the light source 1 into that in a predetermined polarization state.
A neutral density filter (ND) 3 is used to change the illuminance of the illumination light in accordance with the sensitivity of a photosensitive material applied on a substrate 17.
A microlens array 4 makes the incident light emerge with a specific angular distribution so that it enters an optical system, which is set at the succeeding stage of the microlens array 4, while maintaining the same properties, even if the light from the light source 1 is shifted or decentered from the optical axis of the illumination optical system due to vibration of the floor or exposure apparatus. A condenser lens 5 projects the light which has emerged from the microlens array 4 onto a CGH (Computer Generated Hologram) 61. The CGH 61 generates arbitrary diffracted light to form a desired light distribution on the A plane via a condenser lens 7. A microlens array 62 is set to be exchangeable with the CGH 61. When the microlens array 62 is inserted in the optical path, it forms a uniform light distribution on the A plane via the condenser lens 7. A variable magnification relay lens 8 enlarges or reduces the distribution formed on the A plane, and projects it onto an optical integrator 10.
A polarization control unit 9 is formed by arraying a plurality of waveplates, and is used to form effective light sources, which have a plurality of polarization states, on the pupil plane of the illumination optical system. FIG. 4 is a view illustrating effective light sources having a plurality of polarization states.
FIG. 9 is a view showing an arrangement example of the polarization control unit 9. FIG. 9 shows the polarization control unit 9 when seen from the optical axis direction. The region on the pupil is divided into eight partial regions. In each partial region, a waveplate compatible with a polarization state to be formed in it is arranged.
The optical integrator 10 forms a plurality of secondary sources at the position of the pupil of the illumination optical system (on the exit surface of the optical integrator 10). The optical integrator 10 can be formed as, e.g., a fly-eye lens or microlens array.
A condenser lens 11 superposes light beams obtained by wavefront splitting of the incident light by the optical integrator 10 to form a nearly uniform intensity distribution on the B plane. A half mirror 12 splits the light toward an exposure amount sensor 13 for controlling the exposure amount. A relay optical system 14 projects the light having the nearly uniform intensity distribution formed on the B plane onto an original (reticle) 15.
A projection optical system 16 projects a circuit pattern drawn on the original 15 onto the substrate (wafer) 17 coated with a photosensitive material. A substrate stage 19 aligns the substrate 17. The substrate stage 19, for example, drives the substrate 17 by scanning for scanning exposure or moves the substrate 17 step by step to switch the shot region. The substrate stage 19 mounts an illuminometer 18. The illuminometer 18 drives the substrate stage 19 at an arbitrary timing so as to be inserted into the exposure region, thereby measuring the illuminance in the exposure region. A control device 20 controls the light source 1 so that the exposure amount of the substrate 17 reaches a target one, on the basis of the output from the exposure amount sensor 13.
To perform polarized illumination by controlling the light polarization state by a waveplate, the waveplate must be fabricated so as to generate a precise phase difference. Details of this fabrication will be explained with reference to FIG. 6. Letting d be the substrate thickness, and ΔN be the birefringence amount of a birefringent glass material, a ½-waveplate 101 made of this material must be fabricated so as to satisfy a phase difference δφ of (180+360×m) degree (m: natural number) with respect to light having a wavelength λ. The phase difference significantly changes even when the thickness d of the waveplate 101 shifts from a target value by only several micrometers, so the thickness d must be controlled precisely.
To generate a precise phase difference by the waveplate 101 made of a birefringent glass material, it is also necessary to set the incident angular range with respect to the waveplate 101 to be relatively narrow. When the light enters the waveplate 101 at an angle θ with respect to the normal incident light as shown in FIG. 6, the length of an optical path that passes through the waveplate 101 increases more than when the light vertically enters the waveplate 101. Therefore, the exit light from the waveplate 101 exhibits a phase error of Δ degree.
Consider a case in which light enters a pair of waveplates (0th-order ½-waveplates) made of a birefringent glass material as shown in FIG. 7 with a certain angle. FIG. 8 shows the result of simulating the purity of polarization while changing the thickness of the waveplates.
Letting Ix be the intensity of light which oscillates in the x direction, and Iy be that of light which oscillates in the y direction, the purity of polarization is defined as Ix/(Ix+Iy). The polarization state of light which enters the waveplates is Y-polarization (Iy=1 and Ix=0), and the waveplates each are a ½-waveplate whose fast axis is in the 45° direction with respect to the X-axis. Since incident light having an incident angle of 0° (Y-polarized light) is converted into X-polarized light by the ½-waveplates into X-polarized light, the purity of polarization is 1.
FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the thickness d (mm) of the waveplates and the purity of polarization. The ordinate and abscissa indicate the incident angles of the incident light with respect to the waveplates in the x and y directions, and the color density represents a change in the purity of polarization. The white color indicates high purity of polarization, and the black color indicates low purity of polarization. The result shown in FIG. 8 reveals that the purity of polarization of the exit light depends on the incident angle and the thickness of the waveplates. The larger the thickness of the waveplates and the larger the incident angle, the larger a change in the purity of polarization.
The above-described fact reveals that the purity of polarization on the target illumination surface decreases when a thick waveplate is used and a waveplate is arranged at a position at which the incident angular distribution exhibits a large incident angle in a projection exposure apparatus. In this case, the image contrast decreases and therefore an ED window reduces, resulting in degradation in the yield of a chip. When a waveplate made of a birefringent glass material is used for an exposure apparatus, it is desirable to arrange a thin waveplate (which, preferably, has a thickness of 0.5 mm or less) at a position at which the incident angle is small (preferably, ±3° or less).
Birefringent glass materials such as quartz crystal and fluoride magnesium each have a limit of a fabricable outer diameter from the viewpoint of limitations associated with a furnace to grow its crystal. In general, the diameter of the fabricable crystal of quartz crystal is up to about 70 mm. A crystal of quartz crystal having a diameter larger than that value takes much time for crystal growth, and it is difficult to control impurities contained in it. For these reasons, such a crystal is very expensive and is therefore hard to supply stably. To use a waveplate made of quartz crystal produced commercially, it is necessary to set the light beam effective diameter of the waveplate to 70 mm or less.
The incident angle and the light beam diameter have a tradeoff relationship in the optical path. This is known as the general principle of optics and is introduced as the Smith-Helmholtz formula in, e.g., Max Born and Emil Wolf, “Principles of Optics I” trans. Toru Kusakawa and Hidetsugu Yokota, Tokai University Press, pp. 225-228.
To obtain a good purity of polarization, a waveplate must be arranged at a position at which the incident angle is small. However, at the position at which the incident angle is small, the light beam diameter is large, so a required size of the waveplate is large. The size of the waveplate is subject to the limitations on the manufacture of the birefringent glass material, as described above. In view of this, a position to arrange the polarization control unit 9 has conventionally been determined to satisfy the limit of the outer diameter of the birefringent glass material and obtain its largest shape, as shown in the right view of FIG. 9.
In recent years, however, it is demanded to attain optimal polarization states for individual exposure conditions, e.g., special polarization states as shown in FIG. 10.
When the polarization state in a relatively large partial region distributed on the pupil of the illumination optical system is controlled by a waveplate arranged near the pupil, a required outer shape of the waveplate exceeds the limit of the outer shape of the birefringent glass material. On the other hand, when a waveplate is arranged at a position at which the light beam effective diameter is small to be able to fabricate the waveplate, the incident angle with respect to the waveplate increases. This makes it impossible to obtain a good purity of polarization. |
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} | - Craig Conroy and the Calgary Flames Hockey Club announced today the retirement of Conroy from the National Hockey League following a 17 year playing career and his subsequent appointment as Special Assistant to the Acting General Manager.
"I consider myself lucky that my career brought me and my family to the city of Calgary and the Flames organization," said Conroy. "During our eight seasons here, we established life long friendships. I'm very proud to announce my retirement from playing as a member of the Calgary Flames. I'd like to thank the Flames organization and specifically our ownership group for putting such a strong emphasis on family, community involvement and their commitment to icing a winning hockey team. I leave the ice content and prepared for the next stage of my career in the game."
Conroy concludes his playing career with a total of 1009 games by his name in the League's record book; 507 of those games were played in a Flames uniform.
On October 28th of this season, he celebrated his 1000 career game in front of the hometown fans at the Scotiabank Saddledome. During his 17 year career, he recorded 542 points including 182 goals while notching another 30 points in 81 playoff games.
The Potsdam, NY native started his career with the Montreal Canadiens and also played with St. Louis and Los Angeles. In March 2001 he was acquired by Calgary from St. Louis and quickly became the elite two-way centreman the Flames coveted.
During the 2001-02 season, he scored a career high 75 points, helping Jarome Iginla reach the 50 goal plateau for the first time in his career. Conroy continued to produce offensively and was a major contributor in the teams' 2004 Stanley Cup Playoffs run. After signing with Los Angeles during the summer of 2004, Craig triumphantly returned to the Flames on January 30, 2007 and was quickly restored into the hearts of Calgary Flames fans.
"Once in a very long while there are people with personalities and depth of character that are equal to their professional achievements and with his outstanding career, Craig Conroy joins this very select group,"said Flames President & CEO Ken King.
"Our team and community have been the benefactors of his immense passion and leadership. While his on-ice accomplishments are well known in Calgary; Craig's off-ice commitment to his community, co-workers and fellow man is what makes him not only a special player but also a special person. In his new role, he will continue to contribute to the vitality of our city and to the success of our hockey team."
As Special Assistant to the Acting General Manager, Conroy will serve as a liaison between the Flames professional players and both the Head Coach and the Acting General Manager.
In performing this role, Conroy will prepare performance reports on players and make recommendations for their continued improvement and professional development while also scouting specific players being considered by the club for acquisition.
Scouting assignments will include gathering of necessary information on players being considered for acquisition whether via trade or pending free agency.
Conroy will make monthly trips to Abbotsford to interact with prospects in the AHL and both watch games and report on their progress and development. He will also serve as a secondary resource and back-up to the Director of Development in mentoring our draftees and keeping track of their progress in order to become fully conversant about the players in the organization.
"First and foremost, I would like to congratulate Craig on a long and successful playing career in the NHL," said Flames Acting General Manager Jay Feaster. "As he begins the next stage of his hockey career, Craig will be a valuable member of our hockey management team; bringing the same passion and enthusiasm that he displayed every game as a player. I look forward to working with him and I am confident of his contributions to the Flames success."
Conroy very rapidly became not only a fan favorite, but also a vital part of the Calgary community. Frequently labeled as "the nicest guy in hockey", Craig has been an integral part of the Flames charitable arm; The Flames Foundation for Life and an ambassador for Flames events and community endeavors. He has been a pivotal member of the Flames franchise for nearly a decade, serving as both a captain and assistant captain for the team. His ongoing presence in the community led to his nominations for both the Bill Masterton and King Clancy NHL awards. As well, Craig was awarded the Ralph T. Scurfield Humanitarian Award last season and the J.R. McCaig Award for the 2008-09 campaign.
Craig has also been a finalist twice for the NHL Selke Trophy, in 1998 while with St. Louis, and again in 2002 as a member of the Flames.
Craig and his wife Jessie have three children; Taylor (13), Sophia (11) and Sydney (6) and will continue to make Calgary their year round home. |
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} | Poetry
Out of Tune,
Out of Step
BULLEH SHAH [Translated by NIKKY-GUNINDER KAUR SINGH]
Those touched by perfect love,
They dance out of tune
They dance out of step.
Do not disturb the distressed,
Let them suffer their anguish;
They escape birth and death,
They know themselves.
Those touched by perfect love,
They dance out of tune
They dance out of step.
Those who wear the robe of love,
They receive the fatwa
From the divine court;
As they sip the cup of revelation,
Their questions and doubts die out.
Those touched by perfect love,
They dance out of tune
They dance out of step.
In whom dwells the divine,
They jump up calling,
“Beloved! O’ Beloved!”
They do not care for rules
They do not care for tunes,
They play their own sports.
Those touched by perfect love,
They dance out of tune
They dance out of step.
O Bullah, I have found
My lover’s true town,
Din and falsity have fizzled out;
For truthful people I tell the truth:
I see immaculate light.
Those touched by perfect love,
They dance out of tune,
They dance out of step.
Nikky-Guninder Kaur Singh is the Chair of the Department of Religious Studies and Crawford Family Professor at Colby College in Maine, USA. She has published extensively in the field of Sikhism. Her books include: Of Sacred and Secular Desire (IB Tauris 2012), Sikhism: An Introduction (IB Tauris 2011), Cosmic Symphony (Sahitya Akademy, 2008), The Birth of the Khalsa (SUNY 2005), The Feminine Principle in the Sikh Vision of the Transcendent (1993), The Name of My Beloved: Verses of the Sikh Gurus (1995; 2001), Metaphysics and Physics of the Guru Granth Sahib (1981).
Her latest book, "Of Sacred and Secular Desire: An Anthology of Lyrical Writings From The Punjab", can be purchased by CLICKING here.
May 23, 2013
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Out of Step" * Your Name
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{
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} | Confederate Memorial Hall Museum
Confederate Memorial Hall Museum is a museum located in New Orleans which contains historical artifacts related to the Confederate States of America (C.S.A.) and the American Civil War. It is historically also known as "Memorial Hall". It houses the second-largest collection of Confederate Civil War items in the world, behind the American Civil War Museum in Richmond, Virginia. The museum has been advertised as Louisiana's Civil War Museum and as Louisiana's Oldest Museum.
This "Adjunct of the Howard Memorial Library Association", according to Frank T. Howard's letter of 8 Jan. 1891, was placed in the "possession" the Board of Governors of the Louisiana Historical Association "to be set apart forever for the use of" that organization. Sully & Toledano designed the hall, which was completed in 1888, following the Richardsonian Romanesque style of the Howard Library designed by H.H. Richardson.
Collections
The Confederate Memorial Hall contains over 5,000 historical artifacts including several rare Civil War items. It holds the personal effects and uniforms of Confederate generals Braxton Bragg and P.G.T. Beauregard, as well as over 140 regimental and other C.S.A. flags. Jefferson Davis' wife Varina Davis donated several of her late husband's belongings to the museum including items of clothing, his Bible and saddle, plus a crown of thorns from Pope Pius IX.
19th-century history
Confederate Memorial Hall was established in 1891 by New Orleans philanthropist Frank T. Howard, to house the historical collections of the Louisiana Historical Association. The museum quickly accumulated a vast collection of Civil War items, mostly in the form of personal donations by veterans.
On 29 May 1893, the exhumed body of Confederate President Jefferson Davis was mourned by over 60,000 people as it lay in state in the hall, before being moved to his final resting place in Hollywood Cemetery (Richmond, Virginia).
Ownership dispute
For much of its existence the Confederate Memorial Hall's building has been the subject of an ownership dispute that has involved numerous court battles and the involvement of several Louisiana political figures including Governors Huey Long and Mike Foster. The dispute has revolved around Howard's original donation of the building to the Louisiana Historical Association, which read "It is with deep satisfaction that I perform the act of formally putting into your possession the Building, which, while it is an Adjunct of the Howard Memorial Library Association, is to be set apart forever for the use of your organization." In 1930 the adjoining Howard Library sought the museum's building space to store portions of their collection. Governor Long negotiated a compromise in which the museum permitted the library to store some of its books in their basement.
In the 1940s the Howard Library outgrew its facilities and relocated to Tulane University. Its building was sold shortly afterwards and, after transferring to several owners, was donated to the University of New Orleans in the early 1990s. The old Howard Library building and a nearby property neighboring the Confederate Memorial Hall were then converted into the Ogden Museum of Southern Art by UNO. The location of Memorial Hall in between the two Ogden buildings gave rise to the latest dispute over the property, as visitors to the Ogden museums would have to exit each building and travel outdoors around the Memorial Hall to reach the remainder of the collection. A solution was proposed in which a tunnel between the two buildings through the Memorial Hall basement would be constructed and a proposal was drafted by Confederate Memorial Hall, but UNO withdrew from the negotiations in 1998.
21st century
In 2000, Tulane University, having absorbed the Howard Library, sold its title to the Memorial Hall building to UNO, which it claimed to possess as the former owner of the Howard Library properties. In 2001 the UNO foundation announced its claims to the Confederate Memorial Hall building and initiated efforts to remove the museum from the premises. A series of court battles ensued in which title ownership to the property was granted to UNO, however efforts to evict the museum were stayed by the courts on bonds.
As the case proceeded through the appellate processes, Governor Mike Foster intervened in the dispute and assisted in the drafting of a compromise between UNO and the museum that would allow Confederate Memorial Hall to remain in its historic building. In August 2003, at Foster's direction, both parties agreed to drop pending lawsuits to the building in exchange for fulfillment of a compromise agreement. Per the agreement, UNO is required to cede its title claims to the Confederate Memorial Hall museum's land and building in exchange for the construction of a connecting tunnel through the basement as was proposed in the 1997 plan. The compromise is to be implemented in full within 10 years time, or upon the completion of the tunnel, depending upon which comes first.
In 2011, a Confederate Battle Flag from the 14th Louisiana Infantry Regiment, stolen from the museum in the 1980s by a volunteer, was recovered from a collector who reportedly purchased the flag in 2004 without knowing it had been stolen.
References
Further reading
External links
Official site
Frank Turner Howard (1855–1911) in Louisiana Historical Association's Dictionary of Louisiana Biography (Scroll down.)
Category:Museums in New Orleans
Category:Buildings and structures in New Orleans
Category:Aftermath of the American Civil War
Category:Confederate States of America monuments and memorials in Louisiana
Category:Monuments and memorials on the National Register of Historic Places in Louisiana
Category:1891 establishments in Louisiana
Category:American Civil War museums in Louisiana
Category:History of New Orleans
Category:Museums established in 1891
Category:National Register of Historic Places in New Orleans |
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} | Last weekend, we were blown away by the second instalment of Human Library Singapore. The mobile human-loaning library provided a space for people from very different walks of life to share their personal experiences with the participants, and answer any questions they may have candidly. If you weren't at any of the 1,500 reading slots last Sunday (Mar 5), fret not—we took the liberty to speak to four of the 47 human books to share their stories: an ex-offender, a HIV patient, a Vietnamese refugee and a transgender woman.
Rather than using labels to describe them, there's a lot more Singapore can do to support and understand these marginalized people. We could perhaps "exercise more empathy" as ex-offender Stanley suggested, or "volunteer in organizations" to understand Vietnamese refugees like Yen Siow. Or maybe the "acceptance should come from the people on top (government) and the rest will follow suit". Here, we uncover their stories.
Stanley Ter, ex-offender and telemarketer, 48
What’s it like being an ex-offender in Singapore?
Of course there is some kind of distrust between the public and us in the beginning. But trust will be regained along the way. I think with Yellow Ribbon Project, the public learns more about ex-offenders now. And for the ex-offenders, sometimes without relatives or friends, learn how to interact with people. People sometimes have a different idea of your criminal offence, for example, drug trafficking used to mean you sell drugs to people. But now, if you share with someone to buy the drugs, it’s also categorized under that offence. People also tend to think offences like theft and drunk driving is more acceptable than serious crimes like rape and murder.
What’s it like being in jail in Singapore?
Nowadays, living conditions inside prison have improved greatly compared to the '80s and 90s. We used to sleep on straw mats against uneven floors, and when it gets stuffy in the room, we make our own fans by using rice to stick the ends of a paper together. But it wasn’t allowed, so the officers do spot checks on us. Now, the floors are well-cemented; the toilets are cleaner; the rooms are more spacious and there’s even a "blower" in the rooms for better ventilation.
Were there extra challenges when you were looking for a job?
Thankfully, my company supports Yellow Ribbon Project and knows my past, so my situation is favorable. But unfortunately, some companies tend to be exploitive because they know a lot of people are waiting to get the job. Sometimes, we get treated like foreign workers. But in the late '90s, I went for an interview and indicated on an application that I have criminal record. So the person called back and asked me what offence it was specifically, so I told them. But the company never got back.
HIV patient, 21
What’s it like being a HIV patient in Singapore?
It is a “don't ask, don't tell” situation—people don't ask because HIV and AIDS has been associated with the LGBT community for a very long time. My community has rarely been in the spotlight because of this. The disease itself is less harmful to the body than other major immunodeficiency viruses (and) yet it has never been publicly known to the public. As a result, many people whom are not educated about it avoid the topic altogether. Many of us rarely disclose our status, even to our close friends, also because we got it from sex, which is mostly a taboo topic in Asian culture. The fact that we got it from sex automatically labels us as “dirty” people.
What was your initial reaction to your diagnosis and how did you overcome it?
It was one of the regular HIV testing schemes I signed up for where my test results will be used for research. When my test results were out, I was brought into a room with one of the counselors. He told me, “I’m sorry, you are HIV positive”. I remember losing focus as I stared at the diagnosis paper. I thought I came to terms with it and acted cool like, “Oh okay, I have it now. What’s next? Where should I get treatment?” I felt as if I did not deserve the pity or help, because I asked for it. I wanted sex and I cared less about the aftermath. At one point, I thought of attempting suicide to end it all. But I told myself that HIV is just an obstacle.
How did people react when you first told them about your illness?
At first, I hid the fact that I might be HIV positive. I was worried about what they would say when they found out the truth. I did eventually tell a few friends about my illness, those that I felt comfortable with. They all reacted in shock, and asked generic questions like how much medication I have to take and how much it costs. After that they did not seem to mind that I live with the virus and continued on as if we never did talk about it at all. But honestly that's the best anyone in my community can hope for when we disclose our status. The virus is not lethal to anyone outside of our bodies as long as we adhere to medication, so we are not walking time bombs. We like to be treated for not what we have but what we can be in our own lives.
Yen Siow, Vietnamese refugee and founder of Discovering without Borders, 40
What’s it like being a Vietnamese refugee in Singapore?
Being a former refugee feels strange to say the least. My “happiest” memory was when I was given a can of Fanta for the first time and I really enjoyed the refreshing cold sweet drink. I am grateful for the help that Singapore gave to refugees, despite having limited resources.
What are you currently work as?
I started my own social enterprise Discovering without Borders, where we conduct STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) educational workshop for children of all abilities after realizing some children are falling behind on their studies because they couldn’t cope with the rising cost of tuition and enrichment classes.
Why did you have to leave your country?
My family escaped Vietnam because we faced severe persecution from the new government. It was a difficult decision for any person to leave their country, but I understand that my parents chose to risk everything to pursue freedom and a better life for their children.
Tell us about your journey from Vietnam to Singapore.
In October 1980, 13 of us boarded a small fishing boat intended for 10 people with 69 other refuges. The flimsy boat’s engine even died a few times, and other passing ships refused to help. But, on the morning of the fifth day, we were spotted by a Norwegian oil tanker Berge Tasta that finally rescued us after sailing away at first. The Norwegian crew treated us with warm hospitality even though we were different. My father told me that one of our first meals on the ship was a delicious array of 300 boiled eggs.
The Singapore government had a strong policy that refugees would only be accepted to the UNHCR refugee site if the country that rescued the boat people will be financially responsible for each refugee. The Norwegian government made a deal with the Singapore government that they would sponsor my family $3 per person per day and that within four months, they would re-locate us all to Norway so that we would become Norwegian citizens.
At the UNHCR refugee camp, some families lived in proper shelters while others slept in tents. The camp also received donations of second hand items from local churches and the community at large. The refugee camp was mainly a transit point for families during the resettlement process.
Sandhiya Thomas, transgender woman and research facilitator at NUS’ CARE, 39
What’s it like being a transgender woman in Singapore?
Being a transgender in Singapore is really not easy. I need to work extra harder so that I can be visible. We face discrimination when applying for a job, like my IC says I’m female, but people question why your voice is different. And they assume their customers or clients are uncomfortable with us. You also can’t apply for rental housing because in order to obtain a house, you need to share with someone else and be above 35 years old. On top of that, we can’t buy insurance because we are considered as the high risk group, after knowing the hormone pills we are taking.
How did your family and friends react around you when you made the transition?
Things were not easy at home, and of course in the beginning, my family were angry and disappointed. It took me 15 years to make them understand why I made the transition.
So, they assume you get into sex work once you are a transgender; I have to prove that assumption is wrong. I have to take every opportunity that comes my way; even it means to work as a toilet cleaner to prove that I can work too.
If you're excited for the next edition of Human Library, it'll happen some time in mid-2017 at Taman Jurong CC. The line-up however will only be confirmed after a tedious process of curation. For more updates, go to their Facebook page. |
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} | Article content
When an Ontario police officer killed himself in his police station and a politician’s spouse died after years of depression this past week, their sudden ends became very public matters.
The discussion was much less dramatic but not unlike what met the 1999 suicide of Gaetan Girouard, a beloved Quebec TV personality whose death spawned an avalanche of media coverage and public grief. His highly publicized demise was followed, as well, by something more chilling: a sudden spike in other suicides, including a cluster of similar hangings in Ste-Foy, the small city where Mr. Girouard took his life.
We apologize, but this video has failed to load.
tap here to see other videos from our team. Try refreshing your browser, or As media coverage of suicides becomes more common, debate rages over whether that is a positive change Back to video
A University of Quebec study concluded the media were at least partly responsible for 50 additional suicides.
It is the kind of cautionary tale that has informed longstanding curbs on reporting of the act, and encouraged public officials to scrupulously avoid comments that might spread the suicide “contagion.” |
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | El Diablo Hot Chilli Sauce
Code: SAU011
£5.00
El Diablo Chilli Sauce
Just like the name infers, this is the hot one. Designed with the demon chilli lover in mind, for the times when your food especially chicken wings are just not hot enough!!! I would say it is probably an instant 9/10 on the extreme heat table. Scooby tries El Diablo on some wings. |
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} | Q:
How to write at a specific address past end of file
I am working with an fstream object, and I was wondering how is it possible to write something past the end of file, without having to manually fill the space in-between the eof and the desired location with zeroes?
Example :
fstream someFile;
someFile.open("foo.dat", ios :: out | ios :: trunc | ios :: binary); // file is created, and empty
someFile.seekp(100, ios :: beg); // expecting 100 zeroes to be written in file, but nothing happens
someFile.write("yodelay-hee-hoo", 15); // file is still empty, does not work
I've been searching on the issue for about an hour, but I can't find anything much relevant. The only thing I came across is someone that said using .seekp with ios :: end is supposed to fill the gap with zeroes, but I tried and it didn't work for me.
If it helps, I'm on VS2010, native compiling. Thanks a bunch if you can provide a tip.
A:
Short: .seekp() fails if end-of-file was previously reached with .seekg(), thus requiring a call to .clear() beforehand.
Long:
I found that my write operations failed because I first sought a position past the end-of-file with .seekg(), and verified if there was data at that location, by first checking if .eof() returned false and then looking for a non-null character with .peek().
The thing is, even if .seekg() reaches the end-of-file, .eof() seems to always return false until any read/peek/get operation is attempted, and .peek() returns a non-null value (-1) for any position past the end-of-file.
Therefore, the solution was to check for a non-null character before checking if end-of-file was reached, and if past end-of-file, calling .clear() before .seekp(), and it solved everything.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} | In the spotlight recently was a GrabFood delivery personnel in Singapore who goes around Tampines estate, and as far as Bedok, fulfilling orders in a wheelchair.
Her indefatigable spirit and revelation by Malay media Berita Harian that she has cerebral palsy touched many Singaporeans.
GrabFood delivery a means of employment for those with disabilities
Following up on this account, CNA Insider featured another GrabFood delivery personnel, Roszana Ali, 26, who also has cerebral palsy.
The video took a close look at her struggles with doing this gig -- as well as the pride and independence it brings to her as it is her first paying job.
GrabFood a viable employment option
Roszana finished school seven years earlier, but had been unable to land a job despite going for six job interviews.
The major plus point with her current GrabFood job was that she did not even have to declare that she was in a wheelchair, or that she had cerebral palsy, a condition that affects muscle control and co-ordination.
Eight months into the job, Roszana has made more than 600 deliveries.
Challenges in life
Roszana is still facing challenges on the job these days, despite having had a vital door open for her to participate in Singapore's burgeoning gig economy.
Urban Singapore poses many physical obstacles, such as lifts that don't work, as well as lifts that stop in between floors with units accessible only by the stairs.
But she has met with understanding customers who do not mind walking to her location to pick up the food.
She recounted: “I said alamak... Luckily, I had a good customer (who came upstairs) to take the food.”
She has been treated with kindness too.
An elderly woman who was cooking bubur cha cha gave her some and another passer-by handed her S$60.
Shy initially at work
Roszana revealed that she was initially shy on the job as she felt she did not know the roads in Singapore well, as she did not go out often, and had trouble facing customers.
She was introduced to GrabFood by her best friend and school mate who also has cerebral palsy.
And there has been a few milestones.
The first time Roszana delivered food, she was egged on by her best friend who waited for her downstairs.
Subsequently, having broken the ice, Roszana was excited to get her GrabFood uniform -- an achievement unlocked after making 100 deliveries.
She now works Tuesdays to Sundays, five hours a day, delivering food mostly from Jurong Point shopping centre.
She typically makes between S$5 and S$7 per order, and is able to make five to seven deliveries a day before her electric wheelchair runs out of power.
A distance of 3km to 4km is considered far and she has to reject nine out of 10 orders because of accessibility issues.
A regular GrabFood rider can earn three times more in the same amount of time Roszana works.
Grab has since said it will make wheelchairs a legitimate choice to be selected in the app for riders who use one.
Grab also plans to not give deliveries beyond 3km to 4 km to wheelchair personnel, and exclude areas that are not wheelchair-friendly, so that this group will not have to waste time rejecting orders.
Better life in the future?
Roszana's father still feels worried about his daughter doing the GrabFood job despite her having the experience, and gaining self-confidence and contentment.
He wants her to have the kinds of benefits and stability that usually come with full-time employment
“If we have money from (withdrawing our) CPF savings, I’d like to open an eatery for her. Let her manage it,” he said.
But Roszana is in a better place than she previously was.
She has acquired many functional skills, despite only attending school when she was 15.
Mainstream schools she applied to back then did not accept her because of he condition.
She was diagnosed with cerebral palsy at age two and had seizures.
But her seizures stopped when she was aged 12, and three years later, her father found a place for her in the Cerebral Palsy Alliance Singapore School in Pasir Ris.
They took care of her transportation too.
Before this, she picked up English by listening to her brothers speak and watching Channel 5 -- with Malay subtitles for assistance.
People with disabilities in Singapore
There are 176,000 people with disabilities aged 20 to 64, as of 2017, as reported by The Straits Times based on the authorities’ estimates of the prevalence of disability here.
An estimated 5 percent of people here with disabilities have jobs, which is one of the lowest rates among developed nations, ST also reported.
Top photos via CNA Insider |
{
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} | Frederick Jagiellon
Cardinal Frederick Jagiellon (; 27 April 1468, in Kraków – 14 March 1503) was a Polish prince, Archbishop of Gniezno, Bishop of Kraków, and Primate of Poland. He was the sixth son and ninth child of Casimir IV Jagiellon, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, and his wife Elizabeth of Austria, known as 'Matka Jagiellonow' (Mother of the Jagiellons).
Frederick ruled two dioceses with devotion. He cared about the cult of saints, the appropriate education of the clergy, took care of the liturgical life, carried out the diocesan and provincial synods. He also cared about the liturgy, foundations and restoring of churches, including the restoration of the Kraków and Gniezno Cathedrals.
Life
Frederick was named after the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick III. His godfather was Protazy, Bishop of Olomouc. After the death of Bishop Jan Rzeszów, he was elected Archbishop of Kraków on 13 April 1488. His father sought to secure him the Bishopric of Warmia in Prussia, but the Frauenburg (now Frombork) cathedral chapter of the Diocese of Warmia elected Lucas Watzenrode in 1489.
He worked for the Polish throne in 1492 together with his brother, John I Albert, and in 1501 he contributed to the nomination of another of his brothers, King Alexander, who strengthened the Polish–Lithuanian union. After the death of Zbigniew Oleśnicki on 2 October 1493, he was appointed Archbishop of Gniezno (and Polish Primate at the same time). From that moment on he held the two traditionally most important bishoprics in Poland. His position in the Polish Church strengthened after his promotion to cardinal by Pope Alexander VI on 20 September 1493, having received the title of Sanctae Lucia in Septomsoliis in December that year. After being appointed Archbishop of Gniezno, Frederick received episcopal consecration.
He died in the Bishop's Palace in Kraków after a long illness, in March 1503.
Bibliography
Hubert Kaczmarski, Votes of Polish Primates, Warsaw 1988.
Piotr Nitecki, The Bishops of the Church in Poland in the year 965, Warsaw 2000. .
References
Attribution
This article is based on the corresponding article of the Polish Wikipedia. A list of contributors can be found there at the History section.
Category:1464 births
Category:1535 deaths
Category:Bishops of Kraków
Category:Archbishops of Kraków
Category:Archbishops of Gniezno
Category:Polish Prince Royals
Frederick
Category:Cardinals created by Pope Alexander VI |
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} | Q:
error importing full path stored in another file
I have two python files. Lets say a.pyand b.py and I am trying to import some paths stored in a.py to b.py.
a.py
parameter_file_path = C:/python-projects/PythonWork/gen.py
trace_file_path = C:/python-projects/PythonWork/gen.asc
b.py
from a import *
After running code in b.py I get error
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "C:\python-projects\PythonWork\a.py", line 1
parameter_file_path = C:/python-projects/PythonWork/gen.py
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
What I want:
I want it to just import both variables with path from a.py into b.py without showing any error.
What I tried
I tried changing the way I write this variables in a.py. I use the following code to write information to file
file = open('a.py', 'w+')
file.write('parameter_file_path = {}'.format(str(self.paraName.name.encode('ascii','ignore'))))
file.write('\n')
file.write('\n')
if trace_file:
file.write('trace_file_path = {}'.format(trace_file.name.encode('ascii','ignore')))
file.close()
self.paraName.name = contains path name to parameter file
trace_file.name = contains path to trace file
I tried writing this as a simple string and also using .encode as in above code but it makes no difference.
I also tried changing C:/python-projects/PythonWork/gen.py to 'C:/python-projects/PythonWork/gen.py' manually in a.py and it works just fine. But even after lots of trying I am not able to store my path in string with single quotes just like above.
A:
If you want a.py to be proper Python syntax you should specify the paths like
parameter_file_path = r'C:/python-projects/PythonWork/gen.py'
The r in front of the string is not necessary here because you only use slashes as path delimiters, but should be used when you write the path with backslashes.
Writing a.py can be done like this:
file.write("parameter_file_path = r'{}'".format(str(self.paraName.name.encode('ascii','ignore'))))
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} | Rudyszwałd
Rudyszwałd () is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Krzyżanowice, within Racibórz County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland, close to the Czech border. It lies approximately south of Krzyżanowice, south of Racibórz, and south-west of the regional capital Katowice.
The village has an approximate population of 790.
The village was first mentioned in a Latin document of Diocese of Wrocław called Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis from around 1305 as item in Rudolfwald debent esse XXIII) mansi. The name, Rudolph plus wald (German: a wood), indicates ethnically German settlement.
References
Category:Villages in Racibórz County |
{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
} | 1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to artificial teeth, and more particularly pertains to improved artificial posterior teeth for use in cases where the patient is completely edentulous (without teeth) and especially in cases where the edentulous ridges have been extensively resorbed or have shrunk away.
2. Description of the Prior Art
A variety of methods, some of them drastic and involving surgery and implants, have been developed to try to make dentures possessing greater stability and retention. Such surgical and implant methods expose the patient to risk and high costs.
The posterior teeth that are presently being used in dentures are generally cusped and designed to be set up in what is called a balanced occlusion. This means that a very accurate bite or centric occlusion must be established in the production of the denture. In all cases, if there is any error in setting up these teeth or even a minor amount of ridge resorption after the dentures are inserted, cusp interference will set up lateral forces which will tend to dislodge the denture when lateral or protrusive excursions are made.
The other most common type of posterior teeth presently used in dentures are those with flat occlusal surfaces known as zero degree teeth. These teeth are set up in a flat plane and as soon as the wearer of dentures moves into lateral or protrusive excursions there is no balancing occlusion. In other words, the wearer loses contact of many opposing posterior teeth and destabilizing forces are the probable outcome. |
{
"pile_set_name": "FreeLaw"
} |
68 B.R. 604 (1986)
In re Samuel SHARIYF, a/k/a Samuel Smith, Debtor-Appellant.
Bankruptcy No. 86-00482K, Civ. A. No. 86-3042.
United States District Court, E.D. Pennsylvania.
December 16, 1986.
*605 Gloria M. Gilman, Philadelphia, Pa., for debtor-appellant.
Sheldon Jelin, Philadelphia, Pa., for Federal Nat. Mortg. Ass'n.
*606 MEMORANDUM AND ORDER
JAMES McGIRR KELLY, District Judge.
This is an appeal from the order dated April 2, 1986, issued by United States Bankruptcy Judge William A. King, Jr. In this order, Judge King granted the appellee, Federal National Mortgage Association's (FNMA), motion, pursuant to 11 U.S.C. § 362(d), to modify the automatic stay of all judicial, administrative or other proceedings against the debtor and appellant, Samuel Shariyf.
FNMA is the holder of a mortgage on the appellant's residence located at 7810 Williams Avenue, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Appellee's Brief at 3. In October of 1983, FNMA instituted an action in mortgage foreclosure against Mr. Shariyf for failure to make payments due on the mortgage. On June 24, 1985, seven days before his house was scheduled to be auctioned off at a sheriff's sale, Mr. Shariyf filed a petition under Chapter 13 of the Bankruptcy Code. Id. This filing resulted in the automatic stay of the foreclosure proceedings pursuant to 11 U.S.C. § 362(a). In accordance with standard bankruptcy practice a reorganization plan was formulated. The trustee in bankruptcy, James J. O'Connell, however, recommended dismissal of the bankruptcy action in light of the fact that "[p]ayments provided for by the (bankruptcy) plan are not being made", Standing Trustee's Motion for Dismissal at 1, and the fact that the "plan does not appear feasible." Id.
Judge King, on December 12, 1985, granted this motion and dismissed Mr. Shariyf's bankruptcy action. Mr. Shariyf, however, on January 31, 1986, filed a second Chapter 13 bankruptcy petition resulting in a second automatic stay of foreclosure proceedings. On February 26, 1986, FNMA filed a motion, pursuant to 11 U.S.C. § 362(d),[1] to modify this automatic stay of proceedings. FNMA alleged that the appellant had violated § 109(f)[2] of the Bankruptcy Code and requested the Bankruptcy Court "to grant relief from the stay of proceedings for cause." Appellee's Motion to Modify the Stay of Proceedings Under Section 362(d) at 2. Judge King granted this motion, vacated the stay and permitted FNMA to proceed with the foreclosure action. This decision by Judge King has now been appealed to this court by Mr. Shariyf in accordance with 28 U.S.C. § 158(a).
Mr. Shariyf alleges that Judge King's order dated April 2, 1986, should be reversed since: (1) the moving party (FNMA) failed to meet its burden to show cause for relief from the automatic stay, (2) the bankruptcy court erred by not receiving evidence and thereby making findings of fact, and (3) a violation of § 109(f) does not empower a bankruptcy court to modify the § 362(a) automatic stay. Appellant's Brief at 2.
Before discussing each of these allegations of error it is important to note our scope of review in this matter. Since § 362(d) "commits the decision of whether to lift the stay to the discretion of the bankruptcy judge, his decision may be overturned only upon a showing of abuse of discretion." Matter of Holtkamp, 669 F.2d 505 (7th Cir.1982) (emphasis added). "Discretion, . . . is abused when the judicial action is arbitrary, fanciful or unreasonable, which is another way of saying that discretion is abused only where no reasonable man would take the view adopted *607 by the trial court. If reasonable men could differ as to the propriety of the action taken by the trial court, then it cannot be said that the trial court abused its discretion." Lindy Bros. Builders, Inc. v. Am. Radiator, etc., 540 F.2d 102, 115 (3d Cir.1976) (quoting Delno v. Market St. Ry., 124 F.2d 965, 967 (9th Cir.1942) (emphasis added).
As noted above FNMA in its motion for modification of the automatic stay alleged that Mr. Shariyf violated § 109(f) of the Bankruptcy Code and that this violation constituted "cause" justifying modification of the stay under § 362(d). Appellant Shariyf, however, alleges on appeal that FNMA did not establish that Mr. Shariyf acted with a "fraudulent intent" which is required for a violation of § 109(f) to be found. This allegation is without merit.
The appellant incorrectly assumes that Judge King granted the modification of the stay after concluding that the appellant had violated § 109(f). For the following reasons I find that Judge King found "cause" to vacate the automatic stay under § 362(d) not because § 109(f) was violated, but rather because appellant unintentionally failed to comply with the bankruptcy procedures which resulted in numerous delays in the proceedings.
Section 109(f) calls for (1) the dismissal of a debtor in a bankruptcy action if a court concludes (2) that the debtor has willfully violated a court order. See supra note 2. Judge King, however, did not dismiss appellant's bankruptcy action but merely vacated the automatic stay of proceedings. Furthermore, Judge King in concluding that "cause" existed found that appellant Shariyf was not acting with fraudulent intent. More specifically Judge King stated:
It seems to me that there is some cause here. Cause is not defined in 362, but it seems to me that where you have a debtor who certainly is struggling and trying to do the best he can in the situation, files, dismisses, and re-files, he is the gainer and the mortgage company is the loser. They are caught in this filing, no filing, and they are not getting paid, apparently.
Transcript of Hearing on Motion for Modification of the Automatic Stay at 8, 9 (emphasis added). Judge King also made no mention of a violation of § 109(f) in the order vacating the automatic stay.[3] For these reasons I conclude that Judge King's finding of "cause" was based on Mr. Shariyf's unintentional noncompliance with the prior bankruptcy proceedings and not on a violation of § 109(f). To reverse the order modifying the stay, I must find that Judge King abused his discretion in making this decision.
Bankruptcy courts presented with similar factual situations have both permitted modification or vacation of the stay and have also denied requests for a modification or vacation of the automatic stay.
In In re Three Tuns, Inc., 35 B.R. 110 (Bkrtcy.1983), a motion for relief from the automatic stay was filed with the court. The petitioner in support of this motion established that the debtor had failed to make periodic payments on a $400,000 mortgage for over nineteen months. Judge Goldhaber, noting this failure to make payments, granted petitioner relief from the automatic stay. In our present case appellant Shariyf, before he filed for bankruptcy, had allegedly failed to make mortgage payments to the appellee for over two years. Appellee's Brief at 7.
In In re Mannings, 47 B.R. 318 (Bkrtcy. 1985), a motion for modification of the automatic stay was denied by Judge Eisen even though the debtor had failed to make payments in accordance with the bankruptcy plan. Judge Eisen concluded that the debtors' allegations that circumstances which had prevented them from making payments under the plan had changed, warranted *608 denial of the motion to modify the stay.
Finally, in In re Frascatore, 33 B.R. 687 (Bkrtcy.1983), Judge Goldhaber granted a motion to modify an automatic stay permitting foreclosure proceedings to go forward. Judge Goldhaber based his decision on the fact that the debtor had made only two mortgage payments in the last eleven months.
In light of these various decisions, it does appear that reasonable men could differ as to the propriety of granting a modification to the automatic stay in the instant case. Therefore, it cannot be said that reasonable men would not take the position adopted by Judge King. In light of the applicable scope of review discussed above, I find that Judge King did not abuse his discretion in finding that appellant's unintentional noncompliance with the prior bankruptcy proceedings constituted "cause" under § 362(d).
Appellant Shariyf next alleges that the bankruptcy court acted improperly by granting FNMA's motion to modify the automatic stay without considering evidence offered by the appellant and without making findings of fact. More specifically appellant alleges that Judge King violated Bankruptcy Rule 7052 which makes Fed.R. Civ.P. 52 applicable in all adversarial proceedings.[4] This allegation is without merit.
Bankruptcy Rule 7001 defines the term, adversary proceeding, in significant detail but it fails to mention a hearing held to analyze the merits of a motion for modification of an automatic stay.[5] Furthermore, § 362(e) of the Bankruptcy Code mandates that a hearing be held whenever a § 362(d) motion is made. Judge King fully complied with this mandate by holding a hearing on this matter on April 2, 1986. I find that the court was not required to make findings of fact since the hearing held before Judge King was not an adversary proceeding as defined in Rule 7001. Furthermore, even if it had been considered an adversary proceeding, the hearing held before Judge King and his oral conclusions stated at that time satisfied Fed.R.Civ.P. 52(a) and § 362(e) of the Bankruptcy Code.
Finally, appellant Shariyf alleges that the modification of an automatic stay is an improper remedy for violation of § 109(f). Mr. Shariyf argues that a violation of § 109 precludes one from being a debtor in a bankruptcy proceeding but does not, however, empower a bankruptcy court to modify an automatic stay. This reasoning, although possibly correct, is irrelevant. I have already determined that Judge King did not base his decision to vacate the automatic stay on a finding of a violation of § 109(f). For the above reasons, appellant Shariyf's appeal from the bankruptcy court's order dated April 2, 1986 is dismissed.
NOTES
[1] 11 U.S.C. § 362(d) provides in pertinent part:
(d) On request of a party in interest and after notice and a hearing, the court shall grant relief from the stay provided under subsection (a) of this section, such as terminating, annulling, modifying, or conditioning such stay
(1) for cause, including the lack of adequate protection of an interest in property of such party in interest.
Id. (emphasis added).
[2] 11 U.S.C. § 109(f) provides in pertinent part:
No individual may be a debtor under this title who has been a debtor in a case pending under this title at any time in the preceding 180 days if (1) the case was dismissed by the court for willful failure of the debtor to abide by Orders of the court. . . .
Id. (emphasis added).
[3] Judge King did discuss dismissing the case for a violation of § 109 but realized that this would further delay the proceedings. Transcript of Hearing on Motion to Modify Automatic Stay at 4.
[4] Fed.R.Civ.P. 52 provides in pertinent part:
(a) Effect. In all actions tried upon the facts without a jury or with an advisory jury, the court shall find the facts specially and state separately its conclusions of law thereon
* * * * * *
It will be sufficient if the findings of fact and conclusions of law are stated orally and recorded in open court following the close of the evidence or appear in an opinion or memorandum of decision filed by the court.
Id. (emphasis added).
[5] Specifically Rule 7001 states:
An adversary proceeding is. . . . [a] proceeding in a bankruptcy court (1) to recover money or property, except a proceeding under § 554(b) or § 725 of the Code, Rule 2017, or Rule 6002, (2) to determine the validity, priority, or extent of a lien or other interest in property, other than a proceeding under Rule 4003(d), (3) to obtain approval pursuant to § 363(h) for the sale of both the interest of the estate and of a co-owner in the property, (4) to object to or revoke a discharge, (5) to revoke an order of confirmation of a chapter 11 or chapter 13 plan, (6) to determine the dischargeability of a debt, (7) to obtain an injunction or other equitable relief, (8) to subordinate any allowed claim or interest, except when subordination is provided in chapter 9, 11, or 13 plan, (9) to obtain a declaratory judgment relating to any of the foregoing, or (10) to determine a claim or cause of action removed to a bankruptcy court.
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | Dental Implants: The Best Solution for Perfect Teeth Or Smile
Do you feel self-conscious about certain imperfections in your teeth? Find yourself trying to hide your natural smile because of missing teeth? Well, with today’s advancements in dental technology, you don’t have to feel awkward about your teeth anymore! If you’re considering dentures, keep in mind the fact that dentures are often uncomfortable for the wearer and on occasion, can slip off, causing immense embarrassment. For something more effective, why not try a dental implant to replace your missing tooth?
What exactly is a dental implant?
For those who aren’t aware of this modern dental miracle, a dental implant is basically an artificial tooth that is anchored into your jaw with the help of titanium screws. They look and feel completely and utterly realistic. Unless, the person sitting across from you is a dental expert, absolutely no one will be able to discern your real teeth from your dental implants! These dental implants are a cost-effective and permanent solution for replacing missing teeth. They are very practical, modern, and provide the wearer with utmost comfort while chewing or biting. In addition to that, they can enhance the beauty of your natural smile.
Are dental implant surgeries pain-free?
The average duration of a dental implant surgery is less than 1 hour. Recovery time is minimal and normally a patient will have full use of their mouth in about 2 days without discomfort. In order for the dental implant to integrate with the patient’s bone, a period of about 4 months must be allowed during which time the mouth will continue to heal on its own. Thanks to modern advancements in dental and medical technologies, these surgeries are quick and painless.
With proper care and maintenance of these implants, they can last a lifetime. These dental surgeries have a 98% success rate and hence, as more and more people are becoming aware of this effective dental solution and the number of dentists offering this service is also increasing.
Why you should opt for a dental implant?
The world has slowly become more conscious of ‘image’ and many psychological studies have proven that people associate their self-image with their level of confidence when dealing with others. In simple terms, people draw confidence from the image that they portray. When a person is suffering from the social stigma of missing teeth or huge gaps in between teeth, it often lowers his belief in his self worth and this can be acutely painful for him. There are two main reasons why most people opt for dental implants. They are:
To improve their self-image: Missing teeth or huge gaps can negatively affect an individual’s confidence in himself and his capabilities. Today, people suffering from such problems can easily opt for dental implants to replace their missing teeth and voila, a ready-made solution to their problems!
To facilitate easier chewing of food: Unfortunately, most of the food that we consume today is absolutely impossible to eat without chewing. Very few foods like mashed potatoes and, possibly, pasta can be eaten without much chewing. People who have been using dentures often complain about the difficulty of chewing with dentures. On the other hand, people who have opted for dental implants find it much easier to chew with them.
Are dental implants a good investment?
These implants offer you a variety of benefits compared to dentures, primary among them being ease and comfort of usage. The various benefits provided by dental implants are:
Long term solution- If the patient takes good care of his dental implants and has regular maintenance check-ups, they can last for over 20 to 30 years.
Increased aesthetic quality- These dental implants are usually of very good aesthetic quality and look much more natural than regular dentures.
Helps to chew better- These dental implants help to chew food much better than dentures, which often cause soreness due to gum rubbing.
Overall comfort- A dental implant provides overall comfort to the wearer because it never feels like there is an unfamiliar foreign object anchored into your jaw bone.
A dental implant is also a major investment for most people and hence, all the pros and cons should be carefully considered before consenting for such a dental surgery. |
{
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} | Primary effusion lymphoma
Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a B-cell lymphoma, presenting with a malignant effusion without a tumor mass.
Presentation
PEL is unusual in that the majority of cases arise in body cavities, such as the pleural space or the pericardium; another name for PEL is "body cavity lymphoma".
The immunophenotype : CD45+ (95%), CD20-, CD79a-, PAX5-, CD30+, CD38+, CD138+ and EMA+. Staining the nucleus for HHV-8 LANA may be helpful.
Causes
PEL most commonly arises in patients with underlying immunodeficiency, such as AIDS. PEL is caused by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), also known as human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8). In most cases, the lymphoma cells are also infected with Epstein Barr virus (EBV). In the cases, the World Health Organization (2016) classifies the disease as one of the Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases, i.e. EBV+ primary effusion lymphoma. EBV is found in the malignant HHV8+ B cells in ~70% of PEL patients. However, a role for this virus in the development of PEL is not supported since HHV8 appears to drive the development and progression of the disease. PEL condition can exist in the absence of HHV-8 and HIV, though this is rare.
Prognosis
It is generally resistant to cancer chemotherapy drugs that are active against other lymphomas, and carries a poor prognosis.
Sirolimus has been proposed as a treatment option.
History
It was recognized as a unique type of lymphoma only after the discovery of KSHV in 1994.
See also
List of hematologic conditions
References
External links
Category:Lymphoma
Category:Epstein–Barr virus-associated diseases
Category:Infectious causes of cancer |
{
"pile_set_name": "YoutubeSubtitles"
} | good afternoon I'm Milton Walker with
the midday news a special welcome if you
are watching on one spot Mediacom the
Court of Appeal has upheld the
convictions of dancehall entertainer
Vybz Kartel Sean Campbell cojiro Jones
and Andre st. John for the 2011 murder
of Clive lizard Williams the decision
was handed down this morning cartel
whose given name is a DJ Palmer and his
co-accused were convicted in 2014
they're turning for a DJ vibes Martell
Palmer value Anita Robertson says she's
disappointed at the court's decision to
dismisses appeal mrs. Nitta Robinson
says she was confident that the appeal
could have been approved based on the
grounds of her arguments put forward in
the case however she says she'll be
appealing to the uk-based Privy Council
which is jamaica's highest appellate
court you have to retain counsel argue
in the UK in the UK my concern now is
having regards the case of the United
Kingdom with the scoobys 19 we don't
know when our record will be up and
running but in any event it would take a
year or more meanwhile attorney-at-law
Bert
salmon's has reacted to the decision by
the court of appeal against his client
Sean Campbell known as Sean storm mr.
sama says he and his team are
disappointed TVJ newest caught up with
him at his offices in st. Andrew I'm
still in shock because this is one of
the strongest appeals I've ever argued
in my 41 year career at the bar this is
why I'm encouraged that we will succeed
at the next level Sean Campbell had
discussions with us we wrote to him the
possibility the remote possibility that
we would have been
and he said in the unlikely event we
should go to the privet home so we don't
have to consult with him now what we
need to do is to study the written
judgment which we are trying to find on
the internet and when we find that
judgment we will see how the court
managed to navigate through evidence
like the geo-positioning of his phone
mr. Campbell's phone in being in port
more when the alleged offense is taking
place in Haven Dale and why would a man
knowing that he's guilty go in to the
police on three occasions when he was
called on the phone he he surrendered
himself to the police they detained him
for two weeks they released him they
detained him for a week they released
him and finally they called him again he
went in that is conduct totally
consistent with his innocence but as
we've said our day will come in the
Privy Council and the defense neveress
so most scandalous that we had to wait
one year and eight months for this
judgment we have had no reason yet why
we waited so long and I'm sure the
written judgment will address that issue
because the public opinion is that this
has been too long and justice delayed we
know what it is and our report of ashen
Brown was at the Court of Appeal and
spoke to the Director of Public
Prosecutions Paula Llewellyn after the
ruling
Highschool that
with several legal issues and I know
both the prosecuting team and the
defense team would have done extensive
research and given very detailed
submissions and I believe that the Court
of Appeal have rendered a judgment which
will be critical and seminal one given
the nature of the legal issues in this
jurisdiction and other characteristics
runs well I am proud of my team they
worked very very hard and many late
nights and as in any other profession
whether you're a journalist a doctor or
any other professional area of
competence when you work hard and you
get the results then you know that's
always a positive
well every now and again and you know we
had that other matter that father hot
matter
recently you do have cases that come
before the court that demands the utmost
in transparency and it really puts the
justice system on trial because there is
a view somewhat misguided I think or
miss perceives let me use misperceived
that some people are above the law there
is a view that because of Stephen in
life or the fact that the person may be
very wealthy or the person may be very
famous or well-known that's somehow they
are above the law and the appeal court
has also refused to hear the appeal of
former education minister rural read and
president of the Caribbean maritime
university CMU professor Fritz Enoch in
handing down its decision this morning
the court ruled that mr. Reed and
professor Pinnock pay the financial
costs to the financial investigation
division F ID lawyers for mr. Reed and
professor Pinnock had applied to the
appeal court for leave to appeal last
month's ruling by the Supreme Court the
Supreme Court had rejected their
application for leave to seek judicial
review of the decision of the financial
investigation division fi D too late
fraud charges against them in the
ministry of education CMU affair in
addition the appeal court also refused
the application to state a criminal case
against Reed and Pinnock lead attorney
he weilman had argue that the charges
are null and void and should be quashed
as the FI D does not have the powers to
charge mr. weilman to charge the
person's mr. weilman told our new center
that he will be taking his case that the
uk-based privy counsel we take a break
now on midday news we'll be right back
welcome back continuing the news
hundreds of thousands of Jamaicans who
have lost their jobs are working on
reduce incomes are struggling
financially the Caribbean Policy
Research Institute Capri commissioned a
poll to find out how Americans are
coping with the dislocation caused by
Cove in nineteen and emic almost fifty
percent of respondents in the car people
say they will run out of savings by next
month and if the crisis continues that
number could go as high as ninety one
percent
kaliesha Williams has that story there
is no doubt people have been losing
money and many have been out of a job
since The Cove in nineteen pandemic hit
our shores so just how have Jamaicans
been coping since the crisis the
Caribbean Policy Research Institute
Capri commissioned blue dot insights
conduct a poll on March 31 to find out
just that it has a sample size of seven
hundred persons across ages occupations
parishes and income levels when it comes
to savings only nine percent of
respondents would have savings to rely
on beyond six months while sixteen
percent have no savings at all in the
meantime 46% of those responded to the
poll said they already had a reduction
in their household income so how are
people responding to the crisis well
many are already cutting back
entertainment personal care phone credit
and transportation being the first items
on the budget to go 11 percent said they
have cut back on spending on groceries
while 10 percent reduced paying loans
five percent on utilities and three
percent on rent or mortgage it appears
many people will now be reliant on the
compensation package promised by the
government the finance minister has
announced that persons who lose their
jobs as a result of the economic fallout
from Cove in nineteen are to receive
$54,000 from the government over the
next three months they will receive the
cash in fortnightly installments of
$9,000 tourism employers will all
so be paid cash based on the number of
low-income employees they retain for the
next three months benefits have also
been announced for persons in the
informal sector and small businesses
kaliesha Williams TV J news The
Independent Commission of investigations
in the comm is calling for a speedy
review of the exemption list for The
Cove in 19 containment curfew the
Commission raised the issue after the
security forces reported challenges with
residents in some areas who refused to
comply with the curfew or than Wednesday
night according to commissioner Terrence
Williams while Indicom is mandated to
investigate shootings and accusations of
abuse by police it also helps to prevent
issues between the police and the public
there was a shooting incident where the
public in the area blocked the roads and
protested and there might have been a
serious confrontation with the police
had it not been for in the comes
attendance that that seemed to ensure
the public that there will be a proper
investigation as a result the people are
calmed and order restored to help in in
that regard mr. Williams says not being
exempted as a hindrance to the
Commission fulfilling its mandate
written to the minister of national
security and asked him to take the
matter to the cabinet for us to be
granted this exemption lawyers from the
corner Bar Association are also asking
to be excluded
included on the list of exempted
professionals in news from the region a
sixth person has died from kovat 19 in
Trinidad and Tobago the twin Island
Republic has 97 confirmed cases from 688
samples tested by the Caribbean Public
Health Agency careful on Monday Trinidad
and Tobago had 82 positive cases from
539 tests with three deaths in four days
the number of deaths doubled with 15
more positive cases the Ministry of
Health tested
149 samples in that period in an update
on the coronavirus cases around the
world John Hopkins University tallied on
Friday indicated that the virus has
infected more than 1 million people and
killed over 53,000 worldwide the worst
eight countries the United States which
is projected to become the new epicenter
with more than two hundred and
fifty-seven thousand cases and over
6,000 deaths top infectious diseases
expert dr. Anthony Fauci as cold front
federally mandated stay at home horde
order there is caution in China with
officials in Wuhan ground zero for the
pandemic telling residents to only go
outside when necessary as the city
begins to open up following two months
of lockdown a list published on
officially reported data Italy leads
with 313 thousand nine hundred and
fifteen deaths followed by Spain ten
thousand nine hundred and thirty five
deaths but the united states of course
was by far the most cases of any nation
and still in the united states the White
House is expected to soon advise
Americans living in the corona virus
hotspots to wear cloth mask or scarves
in public to help stop the spread of the
virus and we go to sports needs selector
of kwikki West Indies Rodger Harper says
he doesn't expect any difficulties
picking future teams despite a Cove in
nineteen pandemic cricketers across the
Caribbean are currently inactive and
risk losing Fitness due to the
postponement and cancellations of
several franchise competitions including
the regional four-day championships
which ended with two rounds of matches
to play over Harper says they will not
change their selection policy when the
West Indies returned to competitive
action only knows what they will be when
this thing comes to an end but I think
that the same sort of criteria that we
use directly will of course be you and
we have to take in the constraint of
course you know the most recent
performances of the player and of course
their present condition is their fit and
healthy then those are the things we
have to take into consideration there
wouldn't be anything much more to go on
you know the recent performances the
track record all those things right here
we use all the time there's uncertainty
whether the West Indies tour of England
which is scheduled to start on May 22
will go ahead meanwhile despite the four
days season-ending after eight rounds
Harper was speaking on Bajan radio
program
Mason and guests said he was satisfied
for this what he saw there to show kids
there killed them sure what they are
made of I think one of the pluses this
year was that we had a number of our
international players involved during
the tournament if not in every game
certainly in a number of games which
little different jamaica scorpions tied
with Ghana Chuck was in third place with
a Barbados pride being declared
champions and and that's amid a news for
now
join us at 7:00 for prime time news on
behalf of the new sports and production
teams good afternoon
you
|
{
"pile_set_name": "StackExchange"
} | Q:
how it works pagination in prestashop?
I have done some modification and now need to build my own pagination.
So i know prestashop have his own so how can i use them?
I was trying to use in classes/controller/FrontController.php
Use function:
public function pagination($nbProducts = 10)
{....
But can't understand well where and how is formed a pagination itself... i think my php knowledgment is low so i need some help if somebody get understand how is pagination of Prestashop works.
A:
Front Controller assign products and the number of products in smarty variables for the page you want to see.
Here the example with BestSales Page in BestSalesController :
$nbProducts = (int)ProductSale::getNbSales();
$bestSales = ProductSale::getBestSales($this->context->language->id, $this->p - 1, $this->n, $this->orderBy, $this->orderWay);
....
// then assign it to smarty
$this->context->smarty->assign(array(
'nbProducts' => $nbProducts,
'products' => $bestSales
));
There is nothing special or custom things you can do in Front Controller.
If you want to make a custom pagination, take a look at the blocklayered module.
For example, in modules/blocklayered/blocklayered.php at ajaxCall() function, you can specify custom choices for 'the number of products by page' by editing this line :
$nArray = (int)Configuration::get('PS_PRODUCTS_PER_PAGE') != 10 ? array((int)Configuration::get('PS_PRODUCTS_PER_PAGE'), 10, 20, 50) : array(10, 20, 50);
This line display 10, 20, 50 and default number of products per page specified in Back-Office/Preferences/Products but you can change it as your wish, example :
$nArray = array(10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60);
If you want to make customizations, you have to made them in this module, but it wouldn't be simple (the file is hitting 4200 lines, so good luck !).
|
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | Center for Environment, Commerce & Energy and all of its partner groups, subsidiaries, et al.
Be it resolved that Sandy Norris McDonald, III is hereby appointed to the board of directors.
Be it resolved that Sandy Norris McDonald, III will take over as Chairman of the Board and President of the Center for Environment, Commerce and Energy and all of its subsidiaries and assigns upon the current president, Norris McDonald, no longer operating as the organization’s chairman of the board and president. |
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | Welcome to Bimmerfest -- The #1 Online Community for BMW related information! Please enjoy the discussion forums below and share your experiences with the 200,000 current, new and past BMW owners. The forums are broken out by car model and into other special interest sections such as BMW European Delivery and a special forum to voice your questions to the many BMW dealers on the site to assist our members!
E39 (1997 - 2003) The BMW 5-Series (E39 chassis) was introduced in the United States as a 1997 model year car and lasted until the 2004 when the E60 chassis was released. The United States saw several variations including the 525i, 528i, 530i and 540i. -- View the E39 Wiki
Hello all, I am a new 2003 BMW 530i owner and have a question about the shifting on my manual 5 speed. I have owned the car for a few days and have been driving it aggressively as I am so stoked to own it.
When shifting from 1st to 2nd gear the car seems to EASE into second no matter how hard I try to get it to change gears quickly. If I am revving high rpms and let out the clutch quickly the rpms just gradually ease down. The car moves forward with pretty good pull, its not as if it is lagging, but just not the abrupt acceleration I would expect.
At first I wondered if my clutch was slipping, but I did a test of trying to start from a stop in 3rd gear to see if the car would stall or the clutch would slip - a friend recommended I try this test. The car stalled, which he said indicated the clutch is fine.
My next thought was that BMW had installed some kind of limiter that keeps the car from spinning the tires and sliding out of control if you try to shift to hard. Is this right? Am I over revving from 1st to 2nd?
The car is a 2003 530i sport (E39) with a Dinan stage 2 chip and Dinan cold air intake.
Thank you mbell666. That seems like a great place to start. After doing a search on the forum for clutch delay valve I now have a lot more info to go on. Much appreciated. I even learned something about shifting into reverse that I can share with my wife who was having a hard time with it!
edjack: thanks for the note about trans and diff lubes. I will look into changing those as well.
ndz: in another thread about CDV a forum member named Fast Bob posted the following about the transmission being an issue for the 1st to 2nd gear shift and then follows with a comment about reverse.
"The CDV inhibits clutch feel mostly when first starting off from a dead stop.....it makes the engagement point sloppy & unpredictable. Once you`re under way, you only need to depress the clutch maybe halfway to shift to the next gear, and the CDV is less of an issue.
Also, that "difficult" one-to-two shift is *not* a CDV problem, it`s a trans design problem. There`s a HUGE gap between first and second, where the RPMs fall off by 42% (the equivalent of falling off a cliff), and there`s nothing that will cure that except *practice*, experimenting with different shift points until you find a combination that works for you.
As far as the reverse issue goes, tell her to put the trans in any forward gear *before* attempting to engage reverse, and it will go in much easier (especially in cold weather)"
Hello all, I am a new 2003 BMW 530i owner and have a question about the shifting on my manual 5 speed. I have owned the car for a few days and have been driving it aggressively as I am so stoked to own it.
When shifting from 1st to 2nd gear the car seems to EASE into second no matter how hard I try to get it to change gears quickly. If I am revving high rpms and let out the clutch quickly the rpms just gradually ease down. The car moves forward with pretty good pull, its not as if it is lagging, but just not the abrupt acceleration I would expect.
At first I wondered if my clutch was slipping, but I did a test of trying to start from a stop in 3rd gear to see if the car would stall or the clutch would slip - a friend recommended I try this test. The car stalled, which he said indicated the clutch is fine.
My next thought was that BMW had installed some kind of limiter that keeps the car from spinning the tires and sliding out of control if you try to shift to hard. Is this right? Am I over revving from 1st to 2nd?
The car is a 2003 530i sport (E39) with a Dinan stage 2 chip and Dinan cold air intake.
Any advice is greatly appreciated. Thanks
engine if you exceed redline shifting ,BUT it will not save engine is you make an error in downshifting so be careful . |
{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
} | Kites are known that have a wing extending outwardly from each longitudinal side and a keel extending along each longitudinal side. A spar extends across the kite from wingtip to wingtip. These kites have been identified as a winged canopy or winged sled kite. The drawbacks of this type of kite are:
The canopy or center section develops flutter which causes drag and undesirable steering forces, the non-reinforced leading edges of wings also tend to develop flutter that also causes drag and undesirable steering forces; in light wind and variable wind condition, the canopy will collapse, which will unbalance the kite and cause side slippage toward the ground, and the lift to drag ratio is low. |
{
"pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2"
} | People operating open WiFi networks in Germany have long risked being held liable for the actions of those using them. However, to the relief of thousands of citizens that position will change later this year after the country's coalition government decided to abolish the legislation which holds operators responsible for the file-sharing activities of others.
In many countries it’s accepted that whoever commits a crime or a civil tort in the file-sharing space is the person that should be held directly responsible for it.
For example, if someone shares the latest movie online without permission, that is the only person copyright holders should have an interest in for that particular offense. Certainly, innocent third parties should not be held liable.
In Germany, however, the position is more complex. Due to a concept known as Störerhaftung, a third party who played no intentional part in someone else’s infringements can be held liable for them. This type of liability has raised its head in many file-sharing cases where open WiFi owners have been considered liable for other people’s infringements.
Now, however, this stifling situation is probably in its dying days. According to a Spiegel report, Germany’s ruling coalition have agreed to abolish the so-called ‘interferer liability’.
This means that both private and small scale WiFi operators (such as café owners) will soon enjoy the same freedom from liability enjoyed by commercial operators.
No splash-pages or password locks will be required meaning that open WiFi hotspots will at last become as freely available in Germany as they are already in countries such as France and the UK.
Pressure had been mounting on the German government following a European Court of Justice opinion published in March which held that entities operating unsecured wireless networks should not be held liable for the copyright infringements of third parties.
The case involves Pirate Party member Tobias McFadden who received a claim from music company Sony who alleged that his open WiFi was used to offer an album without permission. Sony demanded that McFadden prevent future infringement by password protecting his network, blocking file-sharing ports, and logging/blocking users sharing copyrighted content. The Pirate objected to Sony’s claims of liability and the case went to the European Court of Justice.
The final judgment from the ECJ is not expected for a few months but in most cases early recommendations from experts are upheld by the ruling judge.
Should all go smoothly, the removal of the liability from German law has the potential to shake up the massive file-sharing settlement letter business. While those accused of infringement already have some means to fight back, the absence of third-party liability for connection owners could remove much of the pressure placed on them to settle, whether they were directly involved in an infringement or not.
According to reports the legislative amendments are set to be passed by Parliament next week and could be in place as early as this fall. |
{
"pile_set_name": "Github"
} | var convert = require('./convert'),
func = convert('deburr', require('../deburr'), require('./_falseOptions'));
func.placeholder = require('./placeholder');
module.exports = func;
|
{
"pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds"
} | In the commercial world of today more and more advertising is made. Stores are using advertisement posters to communicate their messages to the public. However, space is sometimes a limiting factor when it comes to exposing posters. To solve this problem it is known to use devices, which are capable of changing posters, by for instance rotating an “endless” belt or band consisting of many individual posters through a cylinder arrangement. In this fashion one surface may be used to display several different messages or advertisements.
However many of the known devices are usually complicated to handle, because of their complex design. For instance it might take a long time and be complicated to change a set of posters for new ones. The complexity with many different parts also contributes to the high cost for such devices.
One improved device is described in EP 883 875. This device comprises a drum on which different posters can be wound up and unwound. The posters are attached to the drum with the same distance therein between and by rotating the drum in a certain way and in different directions it is possible to show one poster at a time. A mechanical circuit controls the timing of the drums rotation, even if it is mentioned that it would be possible to use an electrical circuit. However, it is not further described how the electrical circuit could be realised. The mechanical circuit is complex and consists of a lot of different parts. One other aspect of the mechanical circuit is that it is noisy and different timing aspects have to be set in a mechanical way, which make it limited when it comes to set different time intervals.
A drawback with the device according to EP 883 875 is that it requires a strong motor when the posters or any other flexible objects become large and thereby heavy. Thus, it is important with a sufficient power supply. A large motor is of course also noisier than a small one. |
{
"pile_set_name": "Pile-CC"
} | Ahhh I have no interest turning this into a Bill and Hillary debate (or a Bush/Cheney debate), but for the record the fact is Bill and Hillary were NEVER convicted of perjury.
So if a tree falls in the forest, blue dress and "I didn't have sexual relations with that woman" and all, it doesn't make a sound? Trust the converse is true that Bush, Cheney, Rove, Petaeus, et al aren't war criminals, election stealers, tools of big oil, members of various cabals bent on world domination, felons, and all the other dreck and gibberish that many throw around about 'em?
Yup! the converse is true that Bush Cheney Rove (I prefer to leave Petaeus out of this: I respect him) were never CONVICTED of being election stealers, tools of big oil, etc. Like Clinton, maybe there should be convicted, but they were not.
My only point is to clear the record; the FACT remains that Clinton was NEVER convicted of a felony. Whether he should have been, what you think he did or didn't do, agreements he made, etc. doesn't change the simple fact he was NEVER convicted therefore by definition he is not a felon. Marc had said he was; I am merely clarify the facts for the record that Clinton is not a felon; period.
"Gotcha" Guinness lover; "felon" is a technical legal term; "felon; a person who has been CONVICTED of a felony". As for the group you mentioned, mass murderers they may be but they are not convicted felons. Nor is Clinton a convicted felon. Nor is Bush or Cheney. Got it?
LOL,Biden is on record saying BO ain't ready and he would be honored to run against or *with* McCain.This is unbelievable.
Wans't this the guy who cheated on his resume or some exam to get into law school. We already went through this guy?
Well just months back he said BO is "clean and articulate" which was widely condemned by the same crats as racist who will of course tell us why Biden is the greatest since Julius Ceasar (except of course the "gift from GOd" who is the BO)
ON another note:
Doesn't all this endless BS just make you want to move to Alaska and turn off the TV and radio and not read newpapers or get online sometimes?
‘Just Words’ That Joe Biden Would Like To ForgetThe curse of a loose mouth and Nexis.
By Jim Geraghty
The fun thing about an Obama-Biden ticket is that the McCain campaign can point to a new awkward comment by Joe Biden — either on the importance of experience, in praise of McCain, or in support of invading Iraq — that contradicts the stands and qualities of the Democratic nominee for every day from now until Election Day.
ON MCCAIN:Biden, on a post-debate appearance on MSNBC, October 30, 2007: “The only guy on the other side who’s qualified is John McCain.”
Biden appearing on The Daily Show, August 2, 2005: “John McCain is a personal friend, a great friend, and I would be honored to run with or against John McCain, because I think the country would be better off, be well off no matter who...”
On Meet the Press, November 27, 2005: “I’ve been calling for more troops for over two years, along with John McCain and others subsequent to my saying that.”
ON OBAMA:Reacting to an Obama speech on counterterrorism, August 1, 2007: “‘Look, the truth is the four major things he called for, well, hell that’s what I called for,’ Biden said today on MSNBC’s Hardball, echoing comments he made earlier in the day at an event promoting his book at the National Press Club. Biden added, ‘I’m glad he’s talking about these things.’”
Also that day, the Biden campaign issued a release that began, “The Biden for President Campaign today congratulated Sen. Barack Obama for arriving at a number of Sen. Biden’s long-held views on combating al Qaeda in Afghanistan and Pakistan.” That release mocked Obama for asking about the “stunning level of mercury in fish” and asked about a proposal for the U.S. adopt a ban on mercury sales abroad at a Senate Foreign Relations Committee hearing.
Assessing Obama’s Iraq plan on September 13, 2007: “My impression is [Obama] thinks that if we leave, somehow the Iraqis are going to have an epiphany” of peaceful coexistence among warring sects. “I’ve seen zero evidence of that.”
Speaking to the New York Observer: Biden was equally skeptical — albeit in a slightly more backhanded way — about Mr. Obama. “I mean, you got the first mainstream African-American who is articulate and bright and clean and a nice-looking guy,” he said. “I mean, that’s a storybook, man.”
Also from that Observer interview: “But — and the ‘but’ was clearly inevitable — he doubts whether American voters are going to elect ‘a one-term, a guy who has served for four years in the Senate,’ and added: ‘I don’t recall hearing a word from Barack about a plan or a tactic.’”
Around that time, Biden in an interview with the Huffington Post, he assessed Obama and Hillary Clinton: “The more people learn about them (Obama and Hillary) and how they handle the pressure, the more their support will evaporate.”
December 11, 2007: “If Iowans believe campaign funds and celebrity will fix the debacle in Iraq, put the economy on track, and provide health care and education for America’s children, they should support another candidate,” said Biden for President Campaign Manager Luis Navarro. “But I’m confident that Iowans know what I know: our problems will require experience and leadership from Day One. Empty slogans will be no match for proven action on caucus night.”
Also that night, Biden said in a campaign ad, “When this campaign is over, political slogans like ‘experience’ and ‘change’ will mean absolutely nothing. The next president has to act.”
September 26, 2007: Biden for President Campaign Manager Luis Navarro said, “Sen. Obama said he would do everything possible to end the war in Iraq and emphasized the need for a political solution yet he failed to show up to vote for Sen. Biden’s critical amendment to provide a political solution in Iraq.
December 26, 2006: “Frankly, I think I’m more qualified than other candidates, and the issues facing the American public are all in my wheelbarrow.”
ON IRAQ: Biden on Meet the Press in 2002, discussing Saddam Hussein: “He’s a long term threat and a short term threat to our national security… “We have no choice but to eliminate the threat. This is a guy who is an extreme danger to the world.”
Biden on Meet the Press in 2002: “Saddam must be dislodged from his weapons or dislodged from power.”
Biden on Meet the Press in 2007, on Hussein’s WMDs: “Well, the point is, it turned out they didn’t, but everyone in the world thought he had them. The weapons inspectors said he had them. He catalogued — they catalogued them. This was not some, some Cheney, you know, pipe dream. This was, in fact, catalogued.”
Biden, on Obama’s Iraq plan in August 2007: “I don’t want [my son] going [to Iraq],” Delaware Sen. Joe Biden said from the campaign trail Wednesday, according to a report on Radio Iowa. “But I tell you what, I don’t want my grandson or my granddaughters going back in 15 years and so how we leave makes a big difference.” Biden criticized Democratic rivals such as Sens. Hillary Rodham Clinton and Barack Obama who have voted against Iraq funding bills to try to pressure President Bush to end the war. “There’s no political point worth my son’s life,” Biden said, according to Radio Iowa. “There’s no political point worth anybody’s life out there. None.”
Biden on Meet the Press, April 29, 2007: “The threat [Saddam Hussein] presented was that, if Saddam was left unfettered, which I said during that period, for the next five years with sanctions lifted and billions of dollars into his coffers, then I believed he had the ability to acquire a tactical nuclear weapon — not by building it, by purchasing it. I also believed he was a threat in that he was — every single solitary U.N. resolution which he agreed to abide by, which was the equivalent of a peace agreement at the United Nations, after he got out of — after we kicked him out of Kuwait, he was violating. Now, the rules of the road either mean something or they don’t. The international community says “We’re going to enforce the sanctions we placed” or not. And what was the international community doing? The international community was weakening. They were pulling away.”
Biden to the Brookings Institution in 2005: “We can call it quits and withdraw from Iraq. I think that would be a gigantic mistake. Or we can set a deadline for pulling out, which I fear will only encourage our enemies to wait us out — equally a mistake.”
Analyzing the surge on Meet the Press, September 9, 2007: “I mean, the truth of the matter is that, that the — America’s — this administration’s policy and the surge are a failure, and that the surge, which was supposed to stop sectarian violence and — long enough to give political reconciliation, there’s been no political reconciliation... The reality is that, although there has been some mild progress on the security front, there is, in fact, no, no real security in Baghdad and/or in Anbar province, where I was, dealing with the most serious problem, sectarian violence. Sectarian violence is as strong and as solid and as serious a problem as it was before the surge started.”
Biden in October of 2002: “We must be clear with the American people that we are committing to Iraq for the long haul; not just the day after, but the decade after.”
On Meet the Press, January 7, 2007, assessing the proposal of a surge of troops to Iraq: “If he surges another 20, 30, or whatever number he’s going to, into Baghdad, it’ll be a tragic mistake, in my view, but, as a practical matter, there’s no way to say, ‘Mr. President, stop.’”
On Meet the Press, November 27, 2005: “Unless we fundamentally change the rotation dates and fundamentally change how many members of the National Guard we’re calling up, it’ll be virtually impossible to maintain 150,000 folks this year.” (The number of troops in Iraq peaked at 162,000 in August 2007, during the surge.)
Having said all that: “There’s something decent at the core of Joe Biden.” — Jim Geraghty, December 13, 2007
"I knew that the man in charge of disaster preparedness at the Federal Emergency Management Agency turned out to be incompetent and unqualified."**So, how did the conservatives get the incompetent DEMOCRATS elected to Louisiana governor and New Orleans mayor?**
"I knew that the man in charge of disaster preparedness at the Federal Emergency Management Agency turned out to be incompetent and unqualified."**So, how did the conservatives get the incompetent DEMOCRATS elected to Louisiana governor and New Orleans mayor?**
Ahhhh, I am confused; it was actually the REPUBLICANS at the FEDERAL Emergency Management Agency who were unbelievably incompetent. Katrina was truly a terrible national disaster that should have been resolved on a Federal (Republican) level; it could not be resolved on the local level; the disaster was too big. That is what FEMA is for. And failed miserably to do.
Public and Private Responses to Katrina: What Can We Learn? October 20, 2005Mary L. G. Theroux
This talk was presented at the Chief Executive Organization's Women's Seminar October 7, 2005.
For the lessons to be gleaned in the aftermath of Katrina, I look to two non-profits with which I have been involved for many years and that I see as providing a two-pronged strategy for solving problems—immediate-term and long-term.
I’ve served for 10 years on the San Francisco board, and three years on the National board of The Salvation Army, which Peter Drucker has termed “the most effective organization in the U.S.” It does an amazing job at addressing and alleviating immediate problems and suffering. It brings people in off the street to become clean and sober and learn to lead productive lives through its detox and transitional housing and programming. It provides job training, character-based after-school and summer camp programming for children, toys at the holidays; shelters for battered women and their children; senior feeding and housing; delivery of hot meals to the homebound, housing and programming for aged-out foster care young adults; and is one of the largest relief agencies worldwide. Based in London, it operates in 109 countries every day, with 65,000 employees in the U.S. alone. So when disaster strikes, the Salvation Army is already there, ready to spring into action.
The Independent Institute, where I am a director and Vice President, tackles many of these same problems on a long-term basis. We commission and produce research into the underlying causes of problems like homelessness, urban problems, health-care costs, energy, the crisis in education, drugs, and global poverty. We use these studies to devise and promote innovative, market-based solutions to these problems.
The Gift of Markets
Why market-based? Well, here are some statistics from 100 years ago that I think well illustrate my point:
In 1905, our average life expectancy in the U.S. was 47. Only 14% of homes had a tub; 8% had a phone; 95% of all births took place at home; women washed their hair once a month, using borax or egg shampoo; and the average worker made about $300 per year.
Our rapid advancement to the bounty found in even the poorest home in the U.S. today is due not to any government program or non-profit initiative, but primarily because profit-pursuing individuals have innovated to produce hitherto unknown prosperity.
And it’s also due to the for-profit, market-based sector that many of our threatened crises never materialize. For example, when I was a girl, it was widely predicted that there would be mass starvation in the near future, as exploding populations would overwhelm the planet’s limits on food production. Instead, the development of higher-yielding plants and better farming methods created an international green revolution.
Yet when was the last time you received an invitation for a gala black-tie event honoring a for-profit hero? Don’t most of us instead find ourselves inundated with celebrations of those who have “given back” or honoring “public servant” politicians?
Social Innovation and Civil Society
That said, there certainly are problems we see in our communities that we would like to be able to do something about, and we form non-profit organizations to do so. And innovation and entrepreneurship can do much to address those as well. Americans have a long tradition of banding together to do just that. Probably the best-documented study of this can be found in Alexis de Tocqueville’s Democracy in America. A young French aristocrat, Tocqueville toured America in 1831-32, and he made an amazingly extensive study of our society and institutions. One thing that struck him the most was our penchant for forming what he dubbed “associations”:
Americans of all ages, all conditions, and all dispositions constantly form associations. They have not only commercial and manufacturing companies, in which all take part, but associations of a thousand other kinds, religious, moral, serious, futile, general or restricted, enormous or dimunitive. The Americans make associations to give entertainments, to found seminaries, to build inns, to construct churches, to diffuse books, to send missionaries to the antipodes; in this manner they found hospitals, prisons, and schools....
Unlike the societies Tocqueville had known—the England of a privileged aristocracy, where Noblesse Oblige would tend to the poor, or post-revolutionary France, whose strong central government was assumed to be responsible for taking care of all such problems, in the American democratic society power and money were widely diffused among individuals, such that they had to combine forces to solve any given problem:
Among democratic nations ... all the citizens are independent and feeble; they can do hardly anything by themselves, and none of them can oblige his fellow men to lend him their assistance. They all, therefore, become powerless if they do not learn voluntarily to help one another. [emphasis added]
So, I think our tradition of innovative individuals forming alliances to solve problems stands us in good stead. The Independent Institute’s book, The Voluntary City, similarly brings together case studies of innovative alliances that historically met and many which continue to meet, needs from housing, transportation, education, medical care, to police and law courts. Long before there was unemployment or health insurance, for example, many people belonged to mutual-aid societies, into which they would pay dues. When they found themselves out of work, facing unexpected medical or other costs, they could receive funding from the society. By 1925, there were 120,000 such societies across the country.
And so we have a rich and proven-effective tradition of voluntary associations solving problems. Yet, in case after case, we see government taking over more and more of our voluntary sector. And that is why I’m so concerned about the calls in the aftermath of Katrina to expand FEMA and other programs.
First of all, there’s just the plain evidence that the public sector doesn’t do the job nearly as well as the private. Let’s take a look at the vast differences in the responses to Katrina from the public vs. the private sector.
Responses to Katrina: Public vs. Private
FEMA, and all levels of state and local governments in the affected areas have claimed that a disaster of Katrina’s proportions could not have been foreseen or planned for and they should thus be given a pass—or better, yet, a bigger budget and more power—for having performed so badly.
Yet let’s take a look at what happened in the private sector:
The giant private hospital company HCA held a “Hurricane Lessons Learned” planning meeting last fall, following last year’s devastating Florida hurricanes. Some key gaps they identified were: cell phones often fail, so alternative phone systems are needed. Roads become impassable, so emergency supplies have to be stored closer to hospitals. Back-up generators are needed. As a result of the meeting, HCA provided its hospitals with satellite phones, hurricane shutters and additional backup generators. It struck deals with local businesses like refrigeration, water, diesel and gasoline companies, to provide supplies quickly in the event of an emergency. In hurricane-prone areas it also warehoused food, medical supplies and other gear closer to its hospitals. In the immediate aftermath of Katrina, senior management set up a “war room” and quickly decided they would need to lease 20 helicopters to evacuate their Tulane hospital. HCA’s chairman and CEO didn’t hesitate in ordering them to do so. They used ham radios to create a makeshift air-traffic control system and immediately began ferrying critically ill patients out, without one mishap.
Literally across the street, the state-run Charity hospital was without emergency supplies and unable to get any governmental help in evacuating. Subsisting on fruit cocktail and a dwindling supply of water, Charity’s patients were only saved by being ferried by boat to Tulane and evacuated by HCA’s privately-leased helicopters.
Similarly, Wal-Mart and Home Depot had emergency-response plans in place and their senior management immediately sprang into action ordering them implemented, sending supplies like generators, food, water, flashlights and batteries into the areas hit. They were able to quickly establish and maintain a supply chain throughout the region. Pfizer distributed needed drugs and medicines via Wal-Mart and other retailers. Budweiser delivered truckloads of water and ice. Ford provided vehicles for search and rescue.
At the heart of the corporate response was a stunning array of advanced communication networks that kept firms in touch and coordinating. Following last year’s tsunami aid effort, the Business Roundtable had arranged for each of its 160 member companies to designate a disaster-relief point man. They were in place and ready before Katrina hit. The U.S. Chamber of Commerce set up a clearinghouse to compile lists of needed supplies. Each donor company indicated what order it could fill, eliminating duplication or delay. Black & Decker’s employees worked through Labor Day weekend to produce more generators.
And on and on.
Meanwhile, what was going on the New Orleans mayor’s and Louisiana governor’s offices? Both expressed frustration and helplessness, caused by having no plans for an emergency of this magnitude. The mayor’s office set up operations in the privately owned and operated Hyatt hotel, judged the safest base. They were equipped with old field-type phones that couldn’t be recharged. Both the governor and mayor claimed they were paralyzed by lack of communication, and pointed the finger at the feds’ failure to come to the rescue. The entire governmental response, from top to bottom, was beset by lack of leadership, action, and absolutely no coordination or communication between any two agencies. It had been immediately pointed out following 9/11 that much of that rescue effort was hindered and many of the deaths of firefighters and police were due to the inability of rescue agencies to communicate among and between themselves. Yet four years later, and despite billions of dollars distributed to and by the new Dept. of Homeland Security, the exact same systems were in place.
When one mayor in Louisiana called FEMA to get supplies, he was put on hold for 45 minutes. Eventually a bureaucrat promised to write a memo to his supervisor. Evacuees on a boat could not receive permission to dock along the Mississippi river. A sheriff was told he could only get the help he was seeking if he emailed his request—of course, his parish was flooded and without electricity.
School buses sat idle in parking lots—contrary to the City of New Orleans’ emergency plan that called to use such buses to evacuate residents to safety—not to the Superdome, which lay within the threatened area. Furthermore, the Superdome had been used as emergency shelter before, and there had been violence and civil disorder within it on those occasions. Yet no provision had been made to prevent the recurrence of such violence that had occurred before and worsened under the “hell-like” conditions following Katrina. The people in the Superdome were essentially held under house arrest, not allowed to leave or even go outside for fresh air. No provision was made to provide them food, water, sanitation, counseling, or even communicate to them what was happening and what they could expect. It’s little wonder that such desperate “Lord of the Flies” conditions led to a breakdown in civil society. It could have been a laboratory study in what happens when you treat people like cattle—only worse, because cattle owners feed and water their stock.
A group of 500 guests in French Quarter hotels pooled their resources to come up with $25,000 to charter buses to come and rescue them, subsidizing those without the means to contribute. They waited 48 hours for the buses whose arrival was said to be “imminent,” only to learn that the military had commandeered them as soon as they arrived in the city. Once kicked out of the hotels, “by orders,” they learned they would not be allowed in either of the two city shelters—the Convention Center and the Superdome—which had descended into humanitarian and health hellholes. Yet neither could they leave the city—those trying to leave the city on foot were turned back by armed police, “protecting” neighboring cities from fleeing evacuees. Only those with transport could leave, yet, as we’ve seen, transport was denied them.
Companies wanting to send in planes and helicopters to rescue their people were prohibited from doing so. One company contacted Louisiana Congressman Bobby Jindal’s office for help identifying who could grant them permission to send in a helicopter to rescue their stranded employees. Unable to find anyone at FEMA, the FAA or the military who would accept responsibility to grant permission, the congressman advised the company to just go ahead.
What is probably most inexcusable and has been kept relatively quiet is that the Red Cross and the Salvation Army were staged and ready to enter New Orleans with food, water and other emergency supplies. The roads to the Superdome and the Convention Center were open, and other areas of the city remained similarly accessible. But the Louisiana Dept. of Homeland Security denied them permission to go in, saying their presence would “prevent people from leaving.”
In the ultimate, horrible example of a bureaucratic Catch-22, the government kept people from leaving New Orleans, and the Dept. of Homeland Security would not let aid agencies in, saying having aid available in the city would create a magnet to keep people from leaving.
Eventually, of course, aid agencies were allowed in, and within a few days following Katrina, the Salvation Army had in place 10 mobile feeding units, including at the evacuation points, as well as 2 large mobile kitchens, with a total capacity of serving 200,000 meals per day. As of Sept. 30, the Salvation Army has served over 2 million hot meals plus over 3 million sandwiches, snacks, and drinks from its 150 mobile feeding trucks plus 10 field kitchens deployed throughout the region. It has distributed over 35,000 cleaning kits: brooms, mops, buckets and detergent; and 60,000 food boxes. It has sheltered and provided counseling to approximately half a million people. Its Emergency Radio Network, designed to help people locate family members, has received over 60,000 inquiries and found almost 16,000 survivors. A woman from our San Francisco office was dispatched to run the Astrodome operations, returning last week. As Hurricane Rita built up, the Salvation Army deployed office workers, including our webmaster, to Houston to be prepared to provide disaster assistance there—everyone else was already deployed following Katrina. In all, almost 7,000 Salvation Army officers, together with almost 7,000 Salvation Army employees, plus thousands of trained volunteers have served in the affected areas, and they will remain as long as relief is needed. They’re still serving in Florida in the aftermath of last year’s hurricanes there, and they remained onsite at Ground Zero for two years following 9/11, with a large tent facility housing rest facilities, food, clean socks, counseling and other needs for the rescue workers there.
The Salvation Army is being judged the most effective relief agency throughout the Gulf Coast—and, with reason. A front-page story in the September 29 Wall Street Journal praised the Salvation Army for its quick, effective hurricane relief efforts. Based from their operations already well-established in nearly every community, where they work daily in permanent shelters with the homeless and poor and with people trying to put their lives back together after an apartment fire or years of alcohol and drug abuse, they’re well prepared to meet the needs of victims of natural disasters. Its military-style structure is designed for rapid mobilization and puts a premium on training people in advance to deal with disasters. Most people aren’t aware that the Salvation Army is actually a church. Its officers are all ordained ministers and they are in the Army as a calling—their way of ministering to the poorest of the poor in the name of Christ, with love and without discrimination, and for very little pay. The head of the Red Cross draws a salary of $450,000. The head of the U.S. Salvation Army is paid less than $30,000. They do this work from their hearts, and they do it very, very well.
Now I don’t want to make it sound as if I think that every private organization walks on water. Not every private entity did perform well in the disaster. The government says it will bring criminal charges against the owners of a nursing home whose 34 abandoned residents died, and it is proper that they should be held liable for this negligence. But who do the victims of the gross and arguably criminal neglect in the Superdome, the Convention Center—or for that matter, the thousands whose property and lives were lost due to the government’s failure to maintain its levees—sue?
The Lesson
For this is the salient point: private organizations, whether for-profit or non-profit, perform or lose their customers or their donors. When a private entity fails to deliver on its promise, or actually causes harm, it is held liable for the failure and pays the damages. When government fails, it gets a bigger budget and even more power.
Relying on big bureaucracies is itself a recipe for disaster. Bureaucracies do not talk to each other, and they are actually disincented from solving problems. Last year’s 9/11 commission issued a comprehensive, damning indictment of the intelligence community’s failure to perform its basic function. Yet rather than waiting for any facts on which to act, government had instead three years before created a whole new level of bureaucracy that could be guaranteed to only exacerbate the failings we saw 9/11 and now again with Katrina.
And that is exactly the danger we face again now: suddenly, in the heat of the immediate, emotional aftermath of the disaster, frantic calls go up to have FEMA do more, not less. The federal government is jumping in with promises to perform tasks no-one would have dreamed appropriate following previous disasters: reimburse faith-based charities for their expenses in providing relief; rebuilding entire neighborhoods and communities under no-bid, cost-plus contracts.
What’s going to happen when we allow the pre-empting of our very effective charitable sector by bureaucracy? What’s going to happen to the voluntary, charitable sector when people see enough examples of their tax dollars being used for the purpose for which they used to designate their charitable giving? Just as with the tradition of mutual-aid and other voluntary initiatives, private charity will fade as government’s involvement increases.
Although you may not be aware of it, this is already happening. Organizations like the Salvation Army are already dependent on government funding. When that funding is lost in the face of politics, as happened here in San Francisco when the Salvation Army’s faith-based mission fell in disfavor among our extremist city council, we lost $3 million per year in government funding of detox, homeless shelter, and senior feeding programming. Losing the funding forced us to revitalize the board and get back in closer touch with our community—now that we were again wholly dependent upon it for support.
We also took a close look at the programs for which we had suddenly lost funding, and discovered, a bit to our chagrin, that they could actually be run better and more efficiently than government requirements. I dubbed it the “Pentagon model” of social service. I don’t know if you’re familiar with the adage that the Pentagon is always preparing to fight the last war—commissioning weapons systems, for example, designed to defeat the Soviet Union, not fight a dispersed, decentralized War on Terror; and of course its well-deserved reputation for being bloated. While nothing like that scale, several of our government-funded programs turned out to be a bit behind the times, and we revamped them to better meet our community’s needs today. For example, the Federal Meals on Wheels program has an age 60 minimum. Revamped as the privately-funded Meals That Heal, in addition to providing for seniors, we also deliver nutritious meals to younger people homebound by diseases such as HIV/AIDS.
Similarly, there had been excessive administrative and reporting requirements. We were able to cut administrative positions and place a case-worker in every one of our 16 facilities across the city.
Disasters of Government Failure
As the Independent Institute’s research shows time and again, the Katrina disaster aftermath is simply the current most obvious example of government failure. It is not the exception, it is the pattern: a crisis occurs, often because of existing government failure such as inadequate levees, the cry goes up that government must “do something,” it moves in with ambitious new programs that drive out voluntary initiatives, until the myth that government has to do it or it wouldn’t be done is true.
We saw only too clearly in New Orleans what happens when government is allowed a monopoly on disaster response: bureaucratic bungling and mistreatment of those who most need help.
But to me, at least as important as the fact that government performs relief work less well than private initiatives, is the message Tocqueville drew from observing our society: voluntary association brings us closer together and keeps us free and “democratic.” By working together in voluntary association to help one another and solve our own problems, we learn that we as individuals are effective and powerful.
The lessons of Katrina provide a picture-perfect case study of what happens when we surrender these functions to nameless, unaccountable bureaucrats: levee systems that everyone knows are inadequate and no one does anything about; a Keystone Cop scenario of bureaucrats pointing fingers and waiting for the feds to save them; and helpless victims.
I prefer the very real and well-functioning world documented in Tocqueville’s Democracy in America and The Independent Institute’s The Voluntary City. Communities in which individuals working together in voluntary association meet and solve their problems in common.
Unlike the Superdome, the Astrodome was operated as a shelter under the auspices of the Red Cross and The Salvation Army. Government forecasts had predicted that evacuees would be there for months. Instead, less than 4,000 remained in the Astrodome two weeks after Katrina, with all of them placed within a month.
So instead of the Federal government’s disbursing no-bid, cost-plus contracts to rebuild New Orleans (and who on earth is the master planner of what is being built, where, and why?) how about instead declaring the affected region an enterprise zone—exempt from tax and regulatory restrictions? There would be an inflow of investment as dramatic as the phoenix rising from the ashes. Think Hong Kong, that island rock with no natural resources, having even to import drinking water. Yet the economic success story of the 20th century—that could be New Orleans, freed of the most corrupt government at all levels in the entire country. Freed of slums, dead-end lives of hopelessness.
As for the levees, the failure of which was the proximate cause of New Orleans’ devastation, let’s fire the Army Corps of Engineers and turn that agency over to stakeholders who will have incentives to invest in bringing it up to 21st century standards and be held accountable if it fails. You could privatize it as many former iron-curtain countries privatized formerly state-run enterprises, by distributing a share to every citizen of the area; or have the levees be owned and operated through insurance schemes; or bid them out for sale to a consortium of business or other condominium-type holding.
The wonderful thing about the market is that no one has to be prescient—when you get barriers out of the way, innovative entrepreneurs devise ways of solving needs never thought of before. For example, one of the most vibrant economies today is Estonia. This former Soviet satellite was so thrilled to be freed of their hated Russian rulers that they have since 1990 allowed almost no central control. The result is the most booming, energetic, happy place—rediscovering and revitalizing things like traditional native dance. At the same time it is one of the most advanced countries technologically in the world. Estonia leapfrogged traditional telephone technologies and jumped right into the wireless age. You can even pay for your parking meter from your cell phone.
It’s amazing what happens when you set the private sector free.
So, what can we learn from Katrina? First of all, let’s realize that no knight in shining armor is going to come save us, so let’s do what needs to be done ourselves. Let’s believe Mayor Gavin Newsom when he tells us he won’t be able to evacuate San Francisco in the event of an emergency, and that Rudy Guiliani didn’t actually single-handedly save New York post-9/11. They’re just guys, they’re not super-heroes.
The Independent Institute will pursue activities like documenting and publicizing examples like the Business Roundtable’s proactive emergency communication system. Let’s champion those examples, get involved in efforts to promote and replicate them, and support and get involved with organizations like the Independent Institute and the Salvation Army that produce solutions.
And let’s help spread the word to others that this is the way to take care of ourselves and those in our communities who need help. Yes, it’s work, time, and money, and government’s promises to do it for us, at an invisible cost to us, are tempting to believe. But next time we hear a great new proposal for a great new government initiative that’s going to solve everything once and for all, let’s just say, “No, thanks. We’d rather do it ourselves.”
Mary L. G. Theroux is Vice President and Secretary at The Independent Institute and a member of both the National and San Francisco Advisory Boards of the Salvation Army. She is also former Chairman of the San Francisco Salvation Army Advisory Board.
IMHO GM's response to you (cut and paste as it may be ) makes many very cogent points. I await your responce
In a separate vein, it is shocking that MSM has not covered BO getting his butt kicked in debate with a black conservative.
TAC!Marc
Marc,
It is my thought on a disaster of the magnetude that the government FEMA was or should have beenmost qualified to coordinate and fund the response. They failed and should be held responsible.
That being said,
What can I say? GM cut and pasted well I agree with most of the "Lessons Learned"
And I think the Salvation Army is an Outstanding Organization andI have a very high respect for the Red Cross here and internationally.Plus many other organizations, churches, etc. stepped up when the government didn't. Almost all were truly outstanding.
It just wasn't (couldn't be) enough without government's help. And I think FEMA failed.
Due to our constitutional "separation of powers", it is your local level government that is responsible for police/fire/EMS. Then it falls to your state. The USG is 3rd. in line. FEMA is much more of a "check writing" entity rather than a first responder by congressional design.
BTW, you are actually the person who holds the core responsibility for your security and safety. Much of the problems in N.O. result from the entrenched mentality of governmentally based learned helplessness.
I understand and agree for that smaller manageable tragedies I am responsible and then local and then the State; BUT like Katrina, an overwhelming tragedy, if CA had the "big one" I would hope FEMA and the Federal Government would move to the head of the line rather than being 3rd man up. They have the resources and the money and supposedly the expertise.
Anyway, lets return to the subject of this thread-- and there is plenty of raw material for it:
Michelle Obama spoke last night-- assessment? I saw reports of some Nazi type clowns arrested for a plot to shoot BO, McC was on the Leno show (I caught only the last few minutes, he looked good, and was pithy AND funny-- a good combination) Biden is a major gun grabber-- how will this play in the wake of the assassination plot? etc etc etc
Yes, McCain did look good on Leno; even I had to like him I find it odd/disappointing that Obama who is highly educated, a fine lawyer, is still unwilling to debate in an open forum. This is a close race; no one is truly ahead, so let them go head to head. Obama's reluctance to do so may haunt him.
This country just cannot be rid of them. That is why I felt Limbaugh was wrong to try to down BO and up Hillary in the nomination process. Any time we get a chance to dispose of these two criminals we should. We will not be rid of them in my life time.
Is any Republican not glad its BO and not the Clintons now? How would you like it if McCain was running against Shrillary? I would take BO as my opponent any day.
It is amazing all the gals who run around saying she lost because of sexism. Oh I get it. It's not that she is a lying stinking manipulative selfish thief. It is because she is a woman. Right, and she "broke through 18 million ceilings". This country is f***.
Now of course hedge fund Chelsea is being groomed to continue the clan of grifters.
It is amazing all the gals who run around saying she lost because of sexism. Oh I get it. It's not that she is a lying stinking manipulative selfish thief. It is because she is a woman. Right, and she "broke through 18 million ceilings". This country is f***.
Now of course hedge fund Chelsea is being groomed to continue the clan of grifters.
O Great Moderator in the Sky, whether you like the Clintons (some do, many do not) or not, or whether you have criticism to offer, isn't there a limit on a forum searching for truth? As GM (with whom I often disagree) appropriately likes to say and usually does, "back it up with facts." But wonton defamation doesn't seem appropriate or am I wrong?
I found M.O.'s speech to be boring and run of the mill. My wife thought it was overly sincere and heartfelt, which means it probably played well to the Oprah watchers in the audience (she found it ridiculous that there were women in the crowd crying). And I don't know why media "professionals" have not yet figured out that children, microphones, and live television NEVER work.
All in all, a wasted night for the Dems. Tonight will be for Hillary supporters (who I predict will promptly leave the building post-speech) and the rest is just the usual over-hyped garbage. I find the conventions to be an incredible waste of time and money.
Oh I get it. She is not a liar. She is not a criminal. She is not manipulative. She is not selfish. And they are not grooming Chelsea for politics. And Chelsea is not cleaning up as a hedgefund insider.
Biden: Obama will surrender on nukes to IranPOSTED AT 9:13 AM ON SEPTEMBER 1, 2008 BY ED MORRISSEY
Ha’aretz reports that Joe Biden told Israeli leaders that they would have to accept a nuclear Iran if Barack Obama wins the Presidency. Israelis expressed “amazement” at Biden’s attitude:
Democratic vice-presidential candidate Joe Biden was quoted Monday as telling senior Israeli officials behind closed doors that the Jewish state will have to reconcile itself to a nuclear Iran.
In the unsourced report, Army Radio also quoted Biden as saying that he opposed “opening a additional military and diplomatic front.”
Biden, chairman of the powerful Senate Foreign Relations Committee, has long been considered strongly pro-Israel. His nomination as Barack Obama’s running mate had been expected to shore up the Democrats’ strength with U.S. Jewish voters.
For those unfamiliar with Ha’aretz, it doesn’t exactly have a knee-jerk conservative spin. In fact, it’s at best a center-left editorial board. They’re not terribly sympathetic to the Bush administration or most of its policies. They wouldn’t have much reason to simply make this up.
If anyone doubted that an Obama presidency would surrender to radicalism and hostile forces abroad, this should clinch it. Biden has pretty much told the Israelis that they’re on their own, and America won’t bother to support them against the nutcases in the region. If Obama and Biden don’t have the courage to face Iran’s nuclear ambitions, then exactly when will they defend American interests?
And what of our Western allies? Europe wants Iranian nukes stopped just as much as we do, especially since they’re more directly threatened by them. Obama and Biden talk about bolstering our alliances, but it looks like they’re more interested in leaving them holding the bag.
Hugh Hewitt sees this as further evidence that Obama is nothing more than the second coming of Jimmy Carter:
American supporters of Israel have to understand that Obama-Biden is a disaster for Israel’s security. It would be Carter II, but without the keen insight that Carter brought to Iran policy.
It’s worse than that. Carter at least had a deranged notion of justice as a foundation; this just looks like cowardice.
Update: The Jerusalem Post says this conversation took place three years ago:
Army Radio reported that the Delaware senator was heard saying in closed conversations with Jerusalem officials three years ago that he was firmly opposed to an attack on Iran’s nuclear facilities.
Biden, the chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, reportedly claimed that Israel would likely have to come to terms with a nuclear Iran. He reportedly expressed doubt over the effectiveness of economic sanctions imposed on the Islamic Republic and said he was against the opening of an additional military and diplomatic front, saying that the US had more pressing problems, such as North Korea and Iraq.
The Ha’aretz report didn’t mention a time frame. Still, either way, the message is the same: Biden won’t stand up to Iran, and since Barack Obama chose him for his foreign-policy chops, one has to figure that Obama agrees. After all, Biden is the man who once proposed sending $200 million to Tehran to pacify the mullahs.
Even before this week, the difference between Barack Obama and John McCain was clear. For one, McCain joined more than 300 other members of Congress in signing a "friend of the court" brief, in District of Columbia v. Heller, urging the Supreme Court to rule in favor of the Second Amendment and against D.C.'s handgun ban.
Obama refused to sign the Heller brief, and supports reinstituting the Clinton gun and magazine ban. He also supports Ted Kennedy's bill to ban semi-automatic handguns in the guise of "micro-stamping," and supports banning inexpensive handguns as "junk guns."
But now that each candidate has chosen his running mate, the difference is even clearer than before. And when it comes to guns, the two prospective vice-presidents are as far apart as the states from which they hail.
Sen. McCain's running mate, Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin, is a NRA Life Member and hunter who says, "I support our Constitutional right to bear arms and am a proponent of gun safety programs for Alaska's youth," adding "I have always strongly supported the personal use of fish and game by Alaskans. I grew up hunting and fishing in Alaska, and I am proud to raise my children with this same uniquely Alaskan heritage."
NRA-ILA Executive Director Chris W. Cox says "Governor Palin doesn't just talk about supporting the Second Amendment, it's part of her life, and she did her part to vindicate the Second Amendment for all Americans when Alaska joined 30 other states in signing a legal brief supporting Heller's challenge to the D.C. gun-ban."
As for Joe Biden, from Delaware, the Brady Campaign sums it up in a straightforward enough fashion, saying, "Senator Biden has been a consistent supporter of the Brady Campaign," and "Senator Biden was a key player in the fight for the federal assault weapons ban that passed in 1994. He also worked hard for passage of the Brady Law (sic)."
In fact, Biden introduced an "assault weapons" ban in Congress five years before the Clinton gun and magazine ban was imposed. In 1989, Biden's Senate Bill 1970 proposed to ban the Colt AR-15 and eight similar firearms as "assault weapons," and authorize the Secretary of the Treasury (in reality, BATF) and the Attorney General to recommend to Congress any other firearms, regardless of type, to be banned as "additional assault weapons."
As lead sponsor of the Senate crime bill to which the Feinstein gun ban amendment was attached, Biden was instrumental in the passage of the 1994 Clinton gun and magazine ban. Biden reiterated his support for the ban—and, in fact, took credit for authoring it—in response to a question at the CNN/YouTube debate earlier this year (to view the video, please click here).
Biden voted for the ban on a stand-alone vote in 1993, and voted to extend the ban in 2004 as an amendment to the "Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act." He also included a renewal of the ban in his crime bill last year, along with gun show restrictions.
Currently, Biden's S. 2237 proposes to renew the Clinton ban on roughly 200 makes and models of semi-automatic rifles, shotguns, and handguns on the basis of things like the shape of their grips, and on ammunition magazines that hold more than 10 rounds, regardless of the kind of firearm in which they are used.
As if that's not enough, Biden voted against the law that prohibits lawsuits designed to bankrupt law-abiding firearm manufacturers and dealers. He also refused to sign the Congressional brief in Heller, and voted to confirm only one of the five justices who ruled in favor of the Second Amendment in Heller, yet he voted to confirm all four justices who voted against the Second Amendment in that case.
To put it simply, Gov. Sarah Palin would be one of the most pro-gun vice-presidents in American history, and Joe Biden would definitely be the most anti-gun.
John McCain picked Sarah Palin, governor of Alaska and mother of five, to be his running mate to woo women like me.
He seems to think that my girlfriends and I are so disappointed that an utterly qualified woman is not going to be president that we will jump at the chance to vote for an utterly unqualified woman for vice president.
You gotta love a guy who thinks things are that simple.
• More news Women already outvote men in this country, and it isn't because we like voting for all those women on the ballot.
Does McCain think we will be so grateful for a skirt on the ticket that we won't notice that she's anti-abortion, a member of the NRA and thinks creationism should be taught alongside evolution?
His selection of Sarah Palin is insulting on so many levels that I am starting to feel like the Geico caveman.
You want to look like a maverick and like you think outside the box? Pick a woman for a running mate.
You want to look good to the evangelicals? Choose a running mate with a Down syndrome child.
(When James Dobson, the conservative Christian radio host who fancies himself a kingmaker, jumped up to say that the selection of Palin means he can now "pull the lever" for John McCain, I almost felt sick. I don't know what I'll do if she trots out the story of her 5-month-old baby to shore up the Republican base.)
Palin's personal story is very compelling, but it reads more like a movie pitch than a resume for national leadership.
Champion high school athlete, beauty queen. Married to her high school sweetheart. Car-pooling supermom who went from PTA activist to mayor of her tiny (population 9,000) Alaskan town.
Fisherman, sportswoman, hunter. Speaks truth to power in a state corrupted by oil. Has a son headed to Iraq. A woman who made the decision to carry to term a baby she knew to be developmentally disabled.
She makes John McCain, Naval Academy graduate, fighter pilot and prisoner of war, look like just another grouchy, old, rich white guy.
Oh. Right. He is.
And that's the other point here. McCain is 72. He has had at least four go-rounds with melanoma, a deadly cancer.
Under the circumstances, the decision to choose this woman over the likes of, say, Texas Sen. Kay Bailey Hutchinson looks less like a stroke of genius than a stroke. It looks crazy. It looks wacky.
And that's the other part of this decision that is so infuriating.
If you are going to pick a woman for the sake of picking a woman, can you at least make it a credible choice?
Can you at least make a choice that doesn't give the gag writers for Jay Leno and Jon Stewart the month off?
(The jokes started immediately: She won't be able to hold her own against Joe Biden in a vice presidential debate. But wait until the swimsuit portion of the competition.)
Can you at least make a choice that doesn't have Rush Limbaugh panting? (He called Palin a "babe." It was another memorable moment in the ascent of women in this country.)
Barack Obama was the editor of the Harvard Law Review, for heaven's sake. And the best McCain can do is a woman who minored in poly-sci at the University of Idaho?
Palin might do just fine during the campaign. And she might do an excellent job of going to diplomatic funerals. (Which McCain once said is the only job description for the vice presidency.)
But it is more likely that she will be in over her head, and all the women McCain thinks he is courting will be cringing for our sister instead. And then we will be furious at him for setting one of us up to fail.
It isn't just that Palin might look bad campaigning against the likes of Biden or Obama.
It's that she already looks bad compared to the likes of Hillary Clinton.
I think Susan Reimer said it perfectly; I am glad you printed the whole article.
By the way, "what election has Hilary won?" Ahhh, you might not like her, but did you forget she is a U.S. Senator from the State of New York. Again, like her or not, but the experience of Hilary, her education, her intellect, puts Palin to shame. I understand Reimer's point.
Palin was mayor of a town of 9000 (I don't know offhand any towns that small) and governor for two years of a State with a raindeer population greater than the number of people. She's not too bright (nor is McCain), she seems to be a "nice person" but second in line to be President??? Especially one who already is 72 and has had cancer??? Surely McCain could have done better???
If you truly wanted a qualified woman, how about Rice? First class, very very bright, and experienced.
IMHO Rice has been a substantial factor in some of President Bush's biggest errors.
Speaking of Hillary Evita Peron, the idea that being married to Bill Clinton was presidential preparation is something I take as seriously as Laura Bush or Nancy Reagan being presidential timber. After she bombed with her efforts to socialize 14% of GDP, the only substantive things she did were to dodge sniper fire, hide the billing records of her law firm which would have revealed in her role in the criminal activities of her law firm (IIRC Webster Hubbell took the fall and got $700,000 from the Riadys(a Chinese front) for staying quiet), sell presidential pardons via her husband, and steal White House furninture and silverware on her way out of town.
As for Palin, I share the notion she is not ready to step in, but on the other hand, neither is BO-- and he is the presidential candidate for the Dems, not the Veep candidate. Substantial cognitive dissonance in the Dems brayng about this
I think Rice was just following Bush's direction; that's her job. And she is respected around the world. And at least she is qualified.
And I agree, in general, being married to the President doesn't qualify you for anything (although I find it odd that when a politician dies his spouse is the first to run for that office); that being said, Hillary, much more than Bush or Reagan participated in the legislative process. As for experience, she is a U.S. Senator; something a lot more than only being a two year governor or Alaska is in comparison. And oh yeah, before that she was Mayor of a town with 9000 people.
And as we have discussed before, allegations, rumors, and false inuendoes about Hilary do not a criminal make. Rather she was found guilty of nothing, zero, nada. Nor was her husband... In politics, it seems everyone is being accused of something. The ones that are proven, taken to court and indicted, those are the ones to watch. The others are just talk.
And while BO does not have comperable experience to McCain, he does have more national experience than does Palin. Not to mention his intellect, as issue I believe, is far superior to Palin or for that matter McCain. She/Palin seems like a "nice person"; that is fine for a neighbor, but as President???
I see no evidence that Barry-O is any sort of intellect. Sure, he adopts pseudo-intellectual poses but his academic career is as accomplishment-free as his career as a "community organizer" or politician. Although given he was never arrested for dealing coke, he might have some ability there. I doubt we'll see that touted by his campaign.
Both McCain and Palin have actually done tangible things in their lives. If you want to talk intellectually rigorous jobs, put naval aviator at the top of the list.
BO got into the Senate in a freak election wherein a quality Republican opponent had to drop out at the last moment and only Alan Keyes was available to step in to be his opponent. BO had 143 days in the Senate before he announced. He has a subcommittee from which he could have launched various investigations related to foreign affairs, but , , , how rare! , , , has done nothing.
Look, I went to Columbia Law School-- not Harvard but not too shabby either. My Constitutional Law prof was Ruth Bader Ginsburg. I've been around these people and my clear sense of it is that a goodly number of them are as clueless about the real world as they are bright. They think to cleverly articulate a synthesis of positions matters in the real world.
BO has done NOTHING but talk and fence with words. That ain't excrement in the real world. He has never worked in the private sector, never run a business, never been in harm's way, never broken with left liberal orthodoxy, never put together a major piece of legislation, never written a law reivew article. The man has DONE nothing.
As for Lady Evita, no she hasn't been convicted, but I have followed her in these matters pretty durn closely and I think her quite guilty. You would too I suspect , , , if she were a Republican.
The only thing not felonious IMO about Hillary's commodity trading escapades was that the records were hidden until the statute of limitations had expired. Certainly she is entitled to presumption of innocence in a criminal sense, but in a political sense she is shameless felon, one who committed felony without remorse. That is an opinion based on public information, not a court-proven fact.
If Sen. Obama loses she will be the automatic nominee next time, nearly as certain as she was this time.
Look, I went to Columbia Law School-- not Harvard but not too shabby either. My Constitutional Law prof was Ruth Bader Ginsburg. I've been around these people and my clear sense of it is that a goodly number of them are as clueless about the real world as they are bright. They think to cleverly articulate a synthesis of positions matters in the real world.
Definitely "not too shabby"; outstanding actually. And you are very bright (even if you lapse once in a while and are a Republican) And in BO's case being chosen Editor of the Law Review means he too is quite bright. I understand your point that many of your classmates were clueless; but forgive them they are usually near the age of 25. Fifteen years later, I bet most of your classmates are bright, articlulate, informed, and accomplished (whatever form that may take). God (and hard work) gave them, and you, and BO higher intelligence than the average. Definitely higher than a low graduating person at Idaho or someone near the bottom of their class at Annapolis who was admitted on connections. Intelligence is not a prerequisite for higher office, but it would be nice if they were even above average.
PS I think Ginsburg is fabulous; did you take good notes in her class? You should review them
Look, I went to Columbia Law School-- not Harvard but not too shabby either. My Constitutional Law prof was Ruth Bader Ginsburg. I've been around these people and my clear sense of it is that a goodly number of them are as clueless about the real world as they are bright. They think to cleverly articulate a synthesis of positions matters in the real world.
Definitely "not too shabby"; outstanding actually. And you are very bright (even if you lapse once in a while and are a Republican) And in BO's case being chosen Editor of the Law Review means he too is quite bright. I understand your point that many of your classmates were clueless; but forgive them they are usually near the age of 25. Fifteen years later, I bet most of your classmates are bright, articlulate, informed, and accomplished (whatever form that may take). God (and hard work) gave them, and you, and BO higher intelligence than the average.
**On what do you base your assumption that Barry is so smart?**
Definitely higher than a low graduating person at Idaho or someone near the bottom of their class at Annapolis who was admitted on connections.
**You take cheap shots at McCain, yet I wonder what sort of heroism and sacrifice you could point out that Barry Obama has in his past? Anything to demonstrate he's not just an opportunist and an empty suit?**
Intelligence is not a prerequisite for higher office, but it would be nice if they were even above average.
Ginsburg was VERY dry. A cup of coffee before class was usually a good idea.
I never understood her position that "abortion rights" were a matter of the equal protection clause. As best as I could tell she was saying that because men didn't get pregnant from sex, women too had a right not to get pregnant from sex.
She and I knocked heads over National League of Cities vs. Usery and we didn't see eye to eye on the Equal Right Amendment
And I can tell you that her concern for States Rights in Bush vs. Gore was a first =========As for my classmates and their current level of understanding, I think my point still applies to quite a few of them-- especially those that, like BO, never worked in the private sector.
Definitely higher than a low graduating person at Idaho or someone near the bottom of their class at Annapolis who was admitted on connections.
**You take cheap shots at McCain, yet I wonder what sort of heroism and sacrifice you could point out that Barry Obama has in his past? Anything to demonstrate he's not just an opportunist and an empty suit?**
I am talking God given brain power "smart". BO is "smart", ask Crafty, only the "smart", actually the very "smart" get into Harvard Law and become Editor of the Law Review. BO is smart.
As for "cheap shots at McCain, it is a fact. The guy graduated very very near the bottom of his class at Annapolis. And for that matter he would never even have gotten in except for his Daddy. The guy is not smart; sorry, he's the one who is an opportunist. Except for his Daddy he would be no where. However to be fair, his experience is excellent and I think he is a good man. The issue on the table however is "smarts"; not if he is a nice guy.
As for his "heroism and sacrifice" what does that have to do with "smart"? I mean if he ran a four minute mile I would be impressed, but it has nothing to do with smart. As for sacrifice or not being an opportunist in an empty suit, again as Marc might confirm, graduating from Harvard Law as Editor of the Law Review gives you wonderful opportunities to make big money. BO didn't go for it; he chose to help people instead. I have a good friend, she was "only" third in her class at Berkeley Law School, clerked for an Appeals Judge for one year, and now at the ripe old age of 25 joined a firm downtown LA at $175,000 including a nice little bonus. Now she is bright, but she couldn't get into Harvard (she tried) so I guess that makes BO even brighter.
By the way, (separate subject) I have always been curious about the word "hero" and "heroism". I guess my definition is to do something extraordinary above and beyond your duty and what is expected of you to the benefit of another(s) at risk to yourself. Simply choosing to be a Policeman, Fireman, or soldier does not make you a "hero". I respect you, but a "hero" is someone who goes far and beyond their "usual" job. Following that logic, a soldier who dies on the battlefied or a policeman who is shot by a robber is not automatically a "hero". Nor is a roofer who falls off a roof and dies. Or an Iron Worker who falls and dies. They were doing their job; albeit all deaths are tragic. But the soldier, the fireman, the policeman, even the roofer or Iron Worker, the individual who goes above and beyond his job at great risk to his own life, now that is a hero to me. Nor does simply doing your job give you hero status. Or do you disagree? Or ? |
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NCAAB Picks
NCAA Basketball Picks for Washington State vs. Oregon
The Oregon Ducks host the Washington St. Cougars on Sunday at the Mathew
Knight Arena in Eugene with the opening tip slated for 9:00 PM ET. Our handicapper shows us the most profitable college basketball odds for our sports picks.
According to college basketball betting odds Oregon is a -15.0
home favorite. Oregon has covered 7 of the last 10-games between these teams
including 4 of the last 5 at home. The teams met at Washington St. on January
26th with Oregon winning in a 71-44 rout as a 6.5 point road
favorite.
The Washington St. Cougars enters tonight’s game having lost their
last 5, 9 of the last 10, and 12 of their last 14-games. They’re currently 11th
in the PAC-12 and have a dismal 9-17 overall record on the year. The Cougars
have really struggled on the road this season going 1-8, with their lone win
coming at Idaho in a narrow 67-66 victory. Their biggest deficiency comes
offensively where they’ve averaged a paltry 62.6 points per game which ranks
#334 nationally. The Cougars are coming off a 68-57 loss at Oregon St. on
Wednesday in a game they failed to cover as an 8.5 point underdog.
Keeping the Momentum going
Oregon enters tonight riding a modest 2-game winning streak that
improved their conference record to 5-8. The Ducks enter tonight 10th
in the PAC-12 despite a very good 17-8 record. In their most recent contest
they defeated Washington 78-71 at home on Wednesday but failed to cover as a
10.5-point favorite. The Ducks are a dynamic offensive team averaging 83.5
points per game which is good for 9th best in the nation. Despite
those prolific offensive numbers the Ducks have gone under the total in 8 of
their last 9-games overall. Oregon has also gone a dismal 1-7 ATS in their last
8 home games even though they won 5 of those 8 contests outright. The Ducks can
ill afford to stub their toe tonight as a prohibitive favorite if they hope to
make a late season run, and have any hope of a NCAA Tournament at large bid.
Final Analysis
This is a horrible matchup for the plodding and methodical
offensive style of the Cougars. They will be facing an offensive juggernaut on
the road, and one in which they were blown out by at home. I look for the Ducks
to continue to build momentum and win this game in decisive fashion for our college basketball picks. |
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} | This invention relates generally to optical coatings for controlling the reflection and transmission of particular optical wavelengths at an optical surface. This invention relates particularly to a structure and method of fabrication of an ultraviolet resistive, antireflective coating for a component of an optical system. Still more particularly, this invention relates to an ultraviolet resistive, antireflective coating for an intra-cavity element of a multioscillator ring laser gyroscope.
A ring laser gyroscope employs the Sagnac effect to measure rotation. Counterpropagating light beams in a closed path have transit times that differ in direct proportion to the rotation rate about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the path. In a ring laser gyroscope the closed path is defined by mirrors that direct the light beams around the path. The path is generally either square or triangular in shape, although any closed polygonal path could, in principle, be used. The closed path is typically in a cavity formed in a frame or body that is formed of a glass ceramic material.
The cavity is evacuated and then filled with a mixture of helium and neon, which is the gain medium for the laser. An electrical discharge excites the gain medium, which produces light amplification and a coherent light source. The mirrors must be precisely aligned to direct the light beams around the closed path in a manner that promotes proper operation of the laser. The mirror surface must be free of impurities to provide a laser beam intensity that will result in a usable signal.
Once laser oscillation occurs in the system at resonant frequencies, the difference in the length of the pathways traversed by the counterpropagating laser beams result in a difference or beat frequency which is sensed by a photodetector and amplified by an amplifier. The beat frequency is a result of optically heterodyning the counter propagating beams.
It is well-known that a ring laser gyroscope that employs two counterpropagating waves is subject to the phenomenon of lock-in at low rotation rates. At rates below a threshold value, a two-mode ring laser gyroscope will erroneously indicate that the rotation rate is zero. When the frequency difference between the waves is too small, the frequencies appear to be equal, which gives an erroneous indication of a zero rotation rate.
One type of ring laser gyroscope that eliminates lock-in is the Zeeman ring laser gyroscope, which is sometimes referred to as the Zero Lock rotation sensor. Zero Lock is a trademark of Litton Systems, Inc. The Zero Lock rotation sensor has two pairs of (counterpropagating) circularly polarized waves propagating in the resonant cavity simultaneously. One pair of counterpropagating waves consists of right circularly polarized light waves propagating in the clockwise and counterclockwise directions. The other pair consists of left circularly polarized waves which are also propagating in the clockwise and counterclockwise directions within the same resonant cavity. Such a four mode ring laser gyroscope configuration is described in detail in U.S. Pat. No. 3,741,657, issued Jun. 26, 1973 to Enduring and in U.S. Pat. No. 4,213,705, issued Jul. 22, 1980 to Sanders. Operation of a four mode laser gyroscope is briefly described below.
Disposed in the path of the propagating waves within the cavity are reciprocally anisotropic and non reciprocally anisotropic dispersive elements. A reciprocally anisotropic dispersive element, such as an optical rotator made of crystalline quartz, provides different propagation time delays (or different optical indices) to right and left circularly polarized waves. This difference in optical index due to sense of polarization results in an optical path length difference between oppositely polarized waves resonating within the same cavity. The non reciprocally anisotropic dispersive element, for example a Faraday cell, presents different refractive indices for light waves traveling in opposite directions. The waves traveling in the counterclockwise and clockwise directions thus have different propagation time delays in the Faraday cell. This difference in propagation time delays produces different path lengths for light waves traveling in opposite directions. Therefore, the combination of the two types of anisotropy can be used to adjust the frequency separation between resonant modes such that all four modes resonate at different frequencies.
Separation between the resonant mode frequencies is accomplished so that the resonant frequencies of the two waves traveling in one direction are spaced between the resonant frequencies of the two waves traveling in the opposite direction. The two highest frequency modes have the same circular polarization but opposite directions of propagation. Likewise, the two lowest frequency modes have the same circular polarization, opposite from the sense of polarization of the other pair and are also counter rotating in the cavity. Each pair of like-polarized modes operates in a separate two mode laser gyro. As the ring laser system is rotated about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the propagating waves, the frequency separation between the two higher frequency modes will either decrease or increase while the frequency separation between the two lower frequency modes will either increase or decrease. The output beat signal resulting from combining the two lower frequency modes is subtracted from the output beat signal resulting from combining the two higher frequency modes. This produces a substantially linear representation of the rotation rate of the laser system. The direction of rotation is determined by monitoring one of the pair of modes.
The intracavity element presents difficulties in using a Zero Lock rotation sensor for rotation sensing. The cavity is basically evacuated and has a refractive index of about 1.00. The intracavity element has a refractive index that is greater than that of the optical medium in the cavity. Therefore, reflections occur when the waves impinge upon the intracavity element. These reflections cause undesirable mode coupling and resonator losses, which reduce the accuracy of the output from the Zero Lock rotation sensor.
Antireflective coatings have been used on intracavity elements to reduce the amount of light reflected by the intracavity elements. These coatings have had to meet stringent requirements for thickness. The prior art procedure for fabricating such coatings involves depositing the first layer to a thickness greater than required, measuring the thickness of the first coating, and then milling down to the desired thickness. Difficulty in satisfying the requirements for thickness of the coatings causes errors and increases the cost and time for constructing a suitable intracavity element.
There are several prior art antireflective coatings. For example U.S. Pat. No. 4,966,437, issued Oct. 30, 1990 to Rahn and U.S. Pat. No. 4,907,846, issued Mar. 13, 1990 to Tustison et al. describe previous antireflective mirror coatings. The disclosures of U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,966,437 and 4,907,846 are hereby incorporated by reference into the present disclosure. |
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} | Sir David brought the natural world to the TV generation. But now that every corner of the planet has been captured on screen, Andrew Anthony asks how do his heirs build on his legacy?
In the beginning there was the word, and the word was with Attenborough, and the word was Attenborough. As an evolutionary scientist, Sir David Attenborough may laugh at the biblical allusion, but he has certainly had an instrumental role in creating our modern perception of the world. For not only did Life on Earth, his landmark 13-part 1979 natural history series, change our relationship with television, it also transformed our understanding of nature and the planet at large.
Tim Scoones, who is executive producer of populist wildlife show Springwatch, is in no doubt of the legacy of Life on Earth and its countless imitators. "It has been significant in reconnecting an increasingly disconnected human population with the environment of the planet that we not only come from but also rely on," he says.
There had been other grand-scale documentary series before, such as Kenneth Clark's Civilisation and Jacob Bronowski's The Ascent of Man, both of which Attenborough commissioned when he was the controller of BBC2 from 1965-69. But his own spectacular treatise on evolution enjoyed a different level of universal appeal.
With its extraordinary wildlife images and its compelling story of life from algae to humanity, Life on Earth spoke to all ages and cultures, gaining an estimated global audience of 500 million. The moment in which Attenborough encountered a female mountain gorilla in Rwanda remains one of the most celebrated scenes in the history of television. "There is more meaning and mutual understanding in exchanging a glance with a gorilla than with any other animal I know," he ad-libbed, and we found ourselves confronting the reality of our close ancestry, not in uplands of Rwanda, but on the sofas of our homes.
The series was the benchmark against which all other large-scale documentary television would thereafter be judged, and it marked the point at which ecological and environmental awareness moved out of obscure meeting rooms and into the world's sitting rooms. This was a critical development, because without taking up any kind of political stance, Attenborough re-engaged overwhelmingly urban populations with the natural environments in which most of the world's non-human inhabitants live.
Since then natural history has evolved through a process of natural selection and adaptation into a multiplicity of species in a variety of habitats. There is, for example, the Nat Geo Wild channel. Here is an environment that would probably not have existed had it not been for that burst of life from Life on Earth. Now, in consequence, it sustains celebrity fauna like Great Migrations with Stephen Fry, as well as more unfamiliar designations such as Shark Men, Tiger Man and, of course, My Dog Ate What?
There has also been diverse proliferation on that giant continental shelf, the BBC, where The Truth About Lions and Wild Night In feature among the scores of nature programmes that have been screened in recent years. Springwatch has mutated into Autumnwatch, Autumnwatch Unsprung and even Snow Watch, all of which draw audiences of around 2 to 3 million people.
However, the big beasts remain the epic series such as Human Planet, which gained figures of 5.3 million, and a 20% audience share, and specials like Polar Bears: Spy on the Ice, which 5.5 million watched. These programmes seem to plug into an elemental curiosity that is shared by all age groups and classes.
Attenborough himself was responsible for many of these programmes, including The Living Planet, The Trials of Life and The Life of Mammals. He also provided the narration (for British audiences) on The Blue Planet and, arguably the culmination of the genre, 2007's Planet Earth.
The first series to be filmed in high definition, Planet Earth is the most expensive nature documentary the BBC has ever made. Not that the BBC was the only funder. Such is the cost of these kinds of undertakings, in which a cameraman may spend hundreds of hours waiting to capture an endangered species in its habitat, that they are pre-sold to partners such as America's Discovery channel.
Spreading the investment in this manner has enabled the BBC to maintain its position at the leading edge of technology, delivering breathtaking images of cinematic breadth and forensic precision. The question now is: where can the natural sciences go from here on television? Over the past 32 years, every conceivable aspect and area of the planet has been documented in increasingly vivid detail. It's likely that the quality of filming will continue to improve, but there is a limit to what there is to film. The new frontiers look set to be technological rather than geographical.
Tim Scoones believes producers will continue to attempt to top previous feats and cites the forthcoming Frozen Planet as an example of that ambition. "The Planet Earth team has gone to the ends of the earth," he says. "This could be a document of a world that may not exist for much longer."
Perhaps not surprisingly, Scoones suggests the future could be based on the model of more locally focused programmes such as Springwatch, which he says Attenborough himself picked out as representing the first major development in natural history broadcasting since Life on Earth. "It's a deeper dive into knowledge broadcasting than those big nature polemics," says Scoones.
This may be true, but it's hard to imagine that such a steady, unfolding view of nature will ever capture the global imagination in the way that the monumental series, with all their exotic magnificence, have achieved. As Scoones agrees, a vital component of their success has been the sense of awe they inspire, which is a vanishingly rare commodity in the secular, postmodern world.
"One of the things we get back from audience research, particularly with the big pieces we do in natural history, is that viewers feel small and unimportant," says Kim Shilling-law, the BBC commissioner for Science and Natural History. "In lots of ways you'd think that would be a negative response. You wouldn't put it top of your list of how you'd want to feel today. But clearly it is an emotionally rewarding experience. Something about being placed in a bigger context is very powerful for the audience."
Someone who instinctively understands this desire for a transcendent experience is Brian Cox, the youthful-looking professor of particle physics who has almost single-handedly revolutionised science on television. If Attenborough proves irreplaceable in nature, then Cox is busy taking up his mantle in science.
Traditionally, as Shillinglaw notes, the science audience has been characterised by its intellectual curiosity and the natural history audience by its expectation of emotional engagement. What was evident in Cox's recent series Wonders of the Solar System and Wonders of the Universe was the clear intention to combine the two, simultaneously appealing to the heart and the mind.
Cox identifies Carl Sagan's Cosmos, first broadcast in 1980, as an early inspiration and influence on his approach to science and ultimately broadcasting. "For me, one of the most powerful elements of the programme was the attempt to convey the underlying emotional attraction in the whole endeavour. You've got to remember that science is an emotional pursuit."
Cutting his teeth in the Horizon strand, which can be a little dry and laboratorial, Cox wanted to find an "audience beyond the 1.5 million middle-aged men. We always had in mind that we would prefer a more Planet Earth type audience."
In the event, Wonders of the Universe drew an average audience of 6 million people in Britain, which is an impressive figure for a series which began by explaining the second law of thermodynamics. Much of its critical and commercial success can be attributed to Cox's uncommon gift of being able to raise his voice without lowering his tone.
"I do think audiences are there to be challenged significantly more than we often assume," he says. "I think you can lose audiences intellectually, and I don't think they'll turn off. That's my theory. The evidence is that the viewing figures hold up."
If Cox's seemingly bottomless enthusiasm helped pull in many viewers, the two series also benefited from the vast, multi-locational scope more usually associated with natural history. One moment the presenter was in Mexico, then the next on the abandoned coastline of Namibia, racking up more air miles than George Clooney in Up in the Air.
Even so, he's decided to ditch the globetrotting style for his next series. Shillinglaw approves of the change of tack. "What we have to be constantly aware of in television is to be wary of pastiche," she says. "What Brian is saying there is that we shouldn't become lazy."
But Cox also seems to be saying that he feels the peripatetic frenzy served as a distraction. "I think in some sense, in hindsight, we overused the huge panoramic vistas. I think what's interesting is if you look at what people remember from the two Wonder series, they tend to be the smaller moments. For example, in Solar System, when I have a little bucket and I calculate the energy output of the sun. It happens to be in Death Valley but it's the intimacy of that scene that people remember."
At the moment Cox and his partner Andrew Cohen are thinking about how to pare back on visually spectacular set pieces while still satisfying the widescreen and Blu-ray audience. "There's almost a layer of clichés that have built up," he says. "Things like Planet Earth started it, because you've got big TVs and so you can have beautiful helicopter shots. This kind of BBC trademark high-quality look has become part of the funding structure. Is there any of that glossy and almost bombastic television that we can strip away while keeping the quality?"
While grappling with this question, Cox and Cohen have been studying a series that's more than three decades old: Life on Earth.
"Obviously one of the things that is brilliant about the programmes is Attenborough," says Cox, "but they're also quite intimate, quite long pieces where the environment becomes the stage for the story."
It's fitting that Cox, the most charismatic science presenter in a generation, has returned to Attenborough in his search for ideas. In showing us the world, Attenborough connected us with something profound and lasting and fundamentally bigger than ourselves. No one else has forged such a trusted relationship with the viewer. As Scoones puts it: "I think Life on Earth was when people recognised, if you like, the truth of the word."
And the word, ultimately, is the image. That's why television will remain the most effective means of bringing the message of nature's rich and precious complexity home.
Professor Brian Cox, Wonders of the Universe
"Television is a limited format – you're only working with a few hours – but what you can hope to do is to open people up to some big ideas. Things like Life on Earth revealed a world of natural history that just hadn't been seen before. Planet Earth did it again.
And what Wonders of the Solar System and Universe did, from the feedback I've received, is inform a lot of people who didn't know that there were 350m galaxies in the observable universe. You can convey the backdrop of current scientific knowledge. You can't give a lecture. You can map out the terrain.
The natural event I was most proud of bringing to people's TV screens was the solar eclipse at Varanasi. It was a dramatic thing to be involved in. It was very unlikely we were going to get it – the weather forecast was atrocious across the whole area of the eclipse. It was sheer luck that we chose the right place. And the backdrop and colour of Varanasi were brilliant.
What's the event I'd most like to see on television? I think that would have to be a manned mission to Mars."
Professor Brian Cox's latest book is Wonders of the Universe (Collins, £20)
Beverly Joubert, Nat Geo Wild
"The issues we have in conservation today stem from a lack of understanding, and association with, nature, so television is an important mouthpiece and ambassador. We hear more and more comments from kids quoting stuff from our programmes back to us, and the number of facts they have absorbed is pretty stunning. We must, however, be careful about trivialising wildlife and suggesting that it only has value as entertainment for us humans. A lot of TV is like that, and you can reach a point at which it ceases to be productive and tips over into voyeurism. But television has other benefits too: because it is in your home, you tend to trust it for facts and debate, whereas theatre and film are considered entertainment."
Beverly Joubert is the joint explorer-in-residence at Nat Geo Wild and the National Geographic Channel
Kate Humble, Springwatch
"The wildlife documentaries that have enormous popularity and are close to people's hearts – the sort of thing that David Attenborough works on – have allowed viewers to become armchair travellers. Television allows people access to every part of the world and helps them to give value to the planet, to understand that this is something really worth protecting.
Nature documentaries open people's eyes to the wonders of the natural world, be it something on their doorstep, the way Springwatch has done, or the exotic, like the behaviour of birds of paradise in Papua New Guinea. Some people have referred to documentaries like Blue Planet and Planet Earth as 'wildlife porn' – and I'd say hooray to that if it inspires viewers to get out into the natural world. The greater the passion we can inspire for the natural world, the more effective conservation will be.
I am proud of Springwatch: often the stars of the shows are animals and birds that people see in any urban garden or park. What we do through cutting-edge technology, using tiny little cameras, is film every moment through their breeding seasons. It's certainly given me a different perspective on our most common birds, ones that we often disregard. It may seem small and domestic compared to seeing an astonishing lion kill, but our domestic environment is something to be celebrated."
Kate Humble appears on Springwatch on BBC Two at 8pm on Mondays, Tuesdays and Thursdays and on Wednesdays at 7.30pm – followed by Unsprung |
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