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Waleed Ibrahim Al-Sayegh is the director-general of the Central Finance Department of Sharjah since at least 2014, chairman of Sharjah Holding a real-estate developer in Sharjah and CEO of Sharjah Asset Management ; he is on the board of Air Arabia the Sharjah-based low-cost airline, and was part of the board imposed during the government of Sharjah's takeover of Invest Bank.
References
Category:Chief executive officers
Category:Living people
Category:Year of birth missing living people |
Cihat Teğin born 16 November 1915, date of death unknown was a Turkish fencer. He competed in the individual and team sabre events at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
References
Category:1915 births
Category:Year of death missing
Category:Turkish male fencers
Category:Olympic fencers of Turkey
Category:Fencers at the 1936 Summer Olympics |
The SecA protein is a cell membrane associated subunit of the eubacterial Sec or Type II secretory pathway, a system which is responsible for the secretion of proteins through the cell membrane. Within this system SecA has the functional properties of an ATPase and is required to power the movement of the protein substrate across the translocon channel.
The translocase system encompasses an array of proteins which are functionally centred on the translocon channel which mediates the export of proteins across the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane and the insertion of membrane proteins into it. Regardless of the chosen targeting route, preprotein eventually reach the cytoplasmic membrane and make contact with the translocase. This translocase consists of the peripheral membrane ATPase SecA and the translocon membrane channel, which itself is composed of the proteins SecY, SecE, and SecG. Conformational changes within the SecA structure are the effect of its ATP-hydrolyzing behaviour and possibly lead to the stepwise export of the preprotein substrate through the SecYEG channel.
Structure
SecA is a complex protein whose structure consists of six characterized domains that can explain SecAs capabilities to bind substrates and to move them. The following five domains seem to be present in all SecA proteins that have been structurally analyzed so far.
DEAD motor domain
This amino acid domain is subdivided into the two nucleotide binding folds 1 and 2 NBF1 and NBF2 where ATP is bound and hydrolyzed. The chemical energy from the phosphodiester bonds results in a conformational change which is transferred to other domains especially the HWD and the PPXD domains which consequently mechanically move the preprotein across the membrane. However, these conformational changes are partly regulated by other protomer domains described below.
C-terminal linker domain
The capability to bind to the SecB chaperone during post-translational translocation, the ribosome during both post-translational translocation and co-translational translocation and the phospholipid bilayer is important for SecA functioning and is achieved by the C-terminal linker domain.
Helical wing domain HWD
Located at the C-terminal portion of the molecule, this domain is in contact with the HSD and PPXD domains. Likely it plays a role in transferring molecular conformational motion, which it receives from HSD and which originates from ATP hydrolysis in the DEAD motor domain, to the PPXD domain.
Peptide cross linking domain PPXD
Since SecAs essential function is the transport of preprotein across the membrane the ability to actually bind preprotein must be given. The PPXD domain fulfils this function upon substrate binding.
Helical scaffold domain HSD
This domain lies in the center of the SecA protomer and contacts via α-helical interactions all other subdomains. In addition it contains the intramolecular regulator of ATP hydrolysis 1 IRA1 subdomain which seems to prevent unwanted ATP hydrolysis when SecA is not bound to SecYEG. Together with IRA1, a conserved salt bridge called Gate 1 might function to prevent unnecessary conformational change. Gate 1 seems to functionally connect the nucleotide ATP binding site of the DEAD motor domain with the PPXD domain which results in regulation of ATP hydrolysis only upon preprotein binding. However, this coordinative behaviour has only been shown to occur when SecA is bound to SecYEG.
References
Category:Protein targeting
Category:Protein domains
Category:Protein families
Category:Transmembrane proteins
Category:Secretion |
__NOTOC__
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Clair County, Alabama.
This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in St. Clair County, Alabama, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a Google map.
There are 15 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.
Current listings
|}
See also
List of National Historic Landmarks in Alabama
National Register of Historic Places listings in Alabama
References
St. Clair |
Statistics of Bahraini Premier League for the 198687 season.
Overview
Bahrain Riffa Club won the championship.
References
RSSSF
Category:Bahraini Premier League seasons
Bah
Category:198687 in Bahraini football |
Thomas Michael Whalen III, also known as Tom Whalen, January 6, 1934 March 4, 2002 was an American attorney and politician, and a three-term mayor of Albany, New York, serving from 1983 to 1993. A native of Albany, he graduated from Manhattan College and Albany Law School.
Early life and education
Thomas Michael Whalen III was born to an ethnic Irish Catholic family in Albany in 1934. He attended Vincention Institute for elementary, middle and high school. He graduated from Manhattan College in 1955 and Albany Law School.
Career
After law school, Whalen joined the law firm of Cooper, Erving & Savage and went into private practice in Albany.
He became interested in politics, joining the Democratic Party. Whalen was elected as a city court judge and served from 1969 to 1975. He continue to take part in city government, including serving on the Albany Housing Authority and as chairman of the university council for the State University of New York at Albany.
In 1981, as part of Erastus Corning 2nd's Team for the Future, he was picked as his successor, and nominated and elected as President of the Albany Common Council. Whalen's election to the Common Council's Presidency put him in position to ascend to the Mayor's Office in City Hall.
Mayor Corning died in 1983 in Boston. In accordance with Albany's charter, Whalen, as Common Council President, ascended as Mayor. At that time, New York State Comptroller Ned Regan was preparing to impose a Financial Control Board over the City of Albany, which was struggling with debt due to a downturn in its economy and loss of jobs. Whalen quickly set about establishing proper financial controls so that Albany could maintain control over its own finances; in addition, he worked to strengthen the economy and attract new residents and businesses. By all accounts he was successful.
Whalen served as a delegate to the 1984 Democratic National Convention. His administration encouraged the city's year-long Tricentennial celebration together with its business community. Among the project was restoration of the historic carillon of Albany City Hall.
Whalen served the balance of Corning's 11th term, and was elected in his own right in 1985. He won a second full term in 1989. He is credited with a variety of reforms in city government, including reducing patronage and the reach of the political machine that Corning had ruled for more than four decades.
He retired from public office on December 31, 1993. After unsuccessfully seeking nomination to the federal bench, he returned to the practice of law. He died in a car accident at the age of 68.
Marriage and family
In 1960 he married Denis Marie O'Connor. They had five children together: Laura Whalen, who lives in Albany as an adult; and four sons, Thomas, of Clarksville; Mark, of New Salem; Matthew of Garden City; and Jonathan of Slingerlands.
Legacy
Whalen is credited with leading a broad revitalization of both the City of Albany and the Capital District through the 1980s and into the early 1990s. His tenure is noted for its focus on prudent financial and civil service reform, opening up city hall, and using the arts and the city park system as a catalyst for growth.
Whalen was involved in improving the City's image both domestically and worldwide. In 1991, he founded the Albany-Tula Alliance with Tula, then a city in the U.S.S.R., now Russia.
The City was designated an All-American City under his leadership, attained the highest possible bond rating from Moody's and hosted many successful downtown cultural events.
Whalen is remembered for his encouragement of renovation of historic architecture in the city and adaptive re-use, as well as encouraging new construction. He helped attract federal monies for such reinvestment, adding to the character of the city.
On the other hand, he opposed preservation of the Albany Pine Bush, an area of pine barrens on the outskirts of Albany, which he wanted developed for an office building. A small group of activists has worked to preserve this area, gaining cooperation of residents and officials of three towns for a Pine Bush Preserve Commission, founded in 1988, and sometimes fighting for protection through lawsuits.
The Irish Internship program at the New York State Assembly is named in his honor. In 2000, Whalen joined the staff at University College Cork. He decided to found an internship program for that college's students to go to the College of Saint Rose in Albany for experiential education in the American city, especially working with the state legislature. He died in a car accident in 2002, just as the first Irish Interns were set to arrive in Albany.
Whalen was eulogized at Albany Law, his alma mater. An award is granted by the Neighborhood Resource Center in his honor. The Thomas M. Whalen III Foundation for Cultural Arts was founded in his honor by friends and family. A memorial statue of him can be found in downtown Albany's Tricentennial Park.
See also
History of Albany, New York
References
External links
City of Albany home page
Category:1934 births
Category:2002 deaths
Category:American people of Irish descent
Category:American Roman Catholics
Category:Mayors of Albany, New York
Category:Manhattan College alumni
Category:Albany Law School alumni
Category:Road incident deaths in New York state
Category:New York state Democrats
Category:20th-century American politicians |
Tom Dixon, OBE born 21 May 1959 in Sfax, Tunisia is a self-taught British designer. He is currently the Creative Director of the brand 'Tom Dixon' specialising in Lighting, Furniture and Accessories.
His works have been acquired by museums across the globe, including the Victoria and Albert Museum, Museum of Modern Art New York and Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
Career
Tom Dixon rose to prominence in the mid 1980s as the talented untrained designer with a line in welded salvage furniture. He set up Space as a creative think-tank and shop front for himself and other young designers. By the late 1980s, he was working for the Italian giant Cappellini for whom he designed the Iconic S chair.
In the 1990s, he became a household name with Jack, his polyethylene sitting, stacking, lighting thing designed for his own company Eurolounge. In 1993 he participated in the ″greatest exhibition of British furniture design of the 20th century″, organized by Helmut Diez in Bremerhaven, Germany.
In 1998 Tom was appointed head of design by Habitat and later became Creative Director until 2008. He was the public face of a collective team responsible for rejuvenating the Habitat brand.
In 2002 Dixon established his own brand under the name Tom Dixon. The company is based in Portobello, London. In 2004 Proventus, the Swedish-based private investment company, teamed up with Tom Dixon to establish Design Research, a design and product development holding company. The Tom Dixon brand launches new collections of lighting and furniture bi-annually at the Milan international furniture fair and at London Design Festival. In 2012 the company launched its first accessories range at Maison et Objet, Paris. The companys products are sold internationally in 65 countries.
In 2007 Dixon launched Design Research Studio, an interior and architectural design studio. High-profile projects include Restaurant at The Royal Academy in London
, Jamie Olivers London restaurant, Barbecoa as well as Shoreditch House. Most recently Design Research Studio announced their first ever hotel project, redesigning the iconic Thames-side Sea Containers House in collaboration with US hotel giant Morgans Hotel Group Completed summer 2014. In 2016, Dixon collaborated with Revolution Precrafted to design a prefabricated house named HOME.
His work is included in the permanent collections of New York's Museum of Modern Art and the Victoria and Albert Museum in London.
In 2017, the Tom Dixon brand launched its first textile collection Super Texture, which features three sets of cushions. Josephine Ortega, a young British textile artist, was commissioned to create two of the three cushions - Paint and Abstract. The two urban-inspired sets incorporate bright colors with varying textures. The third set of cushions, Geo, resembles layered rocks and sediment with embroidery by hand and machine.
Awards
Dixon holds Honorary Doctorates from Birmingham City University 2004 and University of the Arts London 2007.
He was appointed an OBE for services to British Design in 2001.
Publications
The Interior World of Tom Dixon 2008 Octopus Publishing Group. ,
Dixonary 2013 Violette Editions.
== References ==
External links
Tom Dixon corporate website
Category:1959 births
Category:British industrial designers
Category:Living people
Category:British furniture designers
Category:People from Sfax
Category:Product designers
Category:Articles containing video clips
Category:Officers of the Order of the British Empire |
__NOTOC__
Lexia is a slab-serif typeface developed in 2000 by Dalton Maag.
Category:Slab serif typefaces
Category:Typefaces and fonts introduced in 2000
Category:Dalton Maag typefaces |
Warsaw is an unincorporated community in Walsh County, North Dakota in the United States. It is about 5.5 miles east of Minto mailing addresses in Warsaw say Minto, North Dakota because mail is delivered by postal workers based there and about 15 miles southeast of Grafton, the county seat. Although it is unincorporated, its name has official status. It is in an area of Walsh County that was settled in the 19th century by immigrants from Poland, and which remained a predominantly Polish-speaking area well beyond the middle of the 20th century. The Catholic Church of St. Stanislaus in Warsaw, built in 1901, is listed in the National Register of Historic Places. Many of the inscriptions on gravestones in the adjacent cemetery are in Polish.
St. Gianna's Maternity Home, which takes in women enduring crisis pregnancies who in some cases might otherwise seek abortions, is located in Warsaw. It is named in honor of Gianna Beretta Molla.
Category:Unincorporated communities in Walsh County, North Dakota
Category:Unincorporated communities in North Dakota
Category:Polish communities in the United States
Category:Polish-American culture in North Dakota |
Sitara Ayaz is a Pakistani politician and a member of Senate of Pakistan, representing Awami National Party.
Education
She has done BA from Jinnah College For Women in 1990.
Political career
She was elected to the Senate of Pakistan as a candidate of Awami National Party on reserved seat for women in 2015 Pakistani Senate election.
Native Town: District SWABI, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Positions held: worked as Consultant Development Sector
Head of APWA KPK from 2003 to 2008
Provincial Minister of KPK for Social Welfare and Women Empowerment 2008-2013
Chairperson of the Senate Standing Committee on Climate Change.
References
Category:Living people
Category:Pakistani senators 14th Parliament
Category:Year of birth missing living people |
The Wayward Bus is the second studio album by American indie pop band The Magnetic Fields, released in 1992 by record label PoPuP.
As with the band's previous album Distant Plastic Trees, Susan Anway acts as lead vocalist on The Wayward Bus, which is the last Magnetic Fields album to feature her in this role. Subsequent albums would see the Magnetic Fields' chief songwriter Stephin Merritt and other band members take on lead vocal duties.
Merritt acknowledged the influence of Phil Spector on the first half of the album: It's a comment about Phil Spector songs. The second half is whatever I had lying around. Most people listen just to the first half of the record and assume it's all like that, a Phil Spector tribute or something, which it really isn't.
Content
The title of the album is taken from the John Steinbeck novel The Wayward Bus.
The front cover was painted by Wendy Smith, the girlfriend of Stuart Moxham from Young Marble Giants. She had previously provided front covers for releases by The Gist and The Weekend.
Release
The Wayward Bus was reissued by Merge Records in 1994 as the second half of a double album compilation with Distant Plastic Trees.
Track listing
Personnel
Stephin Merritt songwriting, instrumentation and production
Claudia Gonson cocktail drums
Sam Davol cello
Additional personnel
Susan Anway vocals
Johny Blood tuba, horns
Wendy Smith album cover
References
Category:The Magnetic Fields albums
Category:1992 albums
Category:Merge Records albums |
Alan Shealy born August 15, 1953 is an American rower. He competed in the men's eight event at the 1976 Summer Olympics. He graduated from Harvard University.
References
Category:1953 births
Category:Living people
Category:American male rowers
Category:Olympic rowers of the United States
Category:Rowers at the 1976 Summer Olympics
Category:Sportspeople from Fitchburg, Massachusetts
Category:Harvard Crimson rowers
Category:Pan American Games medalists in rowing
Category:Pan American Games gold medalists for the United States
Category:Pan American Games bronze medalists for the United States
Category:Rowers at the 1975 Pan American Games
Category:Rowers at the 1979 Pan American Games |
Here We Rest is American musician Jason Isbell's third album, and second with his band The 400 Unit. It was released April 12, 2011. On October 18, 2019, the album was re-released with remixing done by Dave Cobb and remastering done by Pete Lyman.
Critical reception
The album received a Metacritic score of 76 based on 15 reviews, indicating generally favorable reviews. Andrew Leahey of AllMusic found that the songs in the album had captured archetypal characters that populate most struggling Southern towns with a sympathetic soundtrack of folk, country, and bar band rock & roll, one that is bittersweet, but theres an air of resilience. Zeth Lundy of Boston Phoenix thought that Isbell had settled into his comfortable post-Truckers solo-artist groove, and that his voice is now smoother, older yet less weathered. Nick Coleman of Independent on Sunday however felt that what kept the album from becoming an impressive album is the slightness of [Isbell's] voice and his band.
Track listing
Go It Alone was used in Sons of Anarchy Season 4 episode Booster.
Alabama Pines won Song of the Year at the 2012 Americana Music Awards.
Personnel
Jason Isbell - lead vocal, lead and rhythm guitars, piano, organ
Jimbo Hart - electric bass, upright bass, backup vocals
Browan Lollar - lead and rhythm guitar, backup vocals
Derry deBorja - piano, organ, accordion, backup vocals
Chad Gamble - drums, percussion, backup vocals
Special Guests
Abby Owens - harmony vocals
Amanda Shires - harmony vocals, fiddle
References
External links
Jason Isbell website
Category:2011 albums
Category:Jason Isbell albums
Category:Lightning Rod Records albums |
The Cartoon Song is a contemporary Christian song by Chris Rice, written in 1989 as a tongue-in-cheek skit for a church youth group of middle school students. The song mentions many cartoon characters popular in the United States at that time.
Lyrics
The premise of the song describes what might happen if Christians succeeded in incorporating Christianity into cartoons. According to the song, cartoon characters would then sing their own versions of the word Hallelujah. For example, Fred and Wilma Flintstone would sing Yabba-dabba-lujah.
The song also mentions Scooby-Doo and Shaggy, Astro, the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, Kermit the Frog, Elmer Fudd, Yogi Bear, Rocky and Bullwinkle, the Smurfs referred to as all those little blue guys, and Beavis and Butt-head referred to as Beavis and that other guy.
Hidden track
Chris Rice wrote the song while in college, as a joke for students, but after much success, his former record label insisted that he record it for a CD. He reluctantly agreed, although only if it was a hidden track.
Reactions
This track has received a lot of criticism from the Christian community due to its theology, more evidence that Rice's satirical intentions went well over the heads of his fans. Chris Rice explains, Also, in correcting my 'theology' in the cartoon song, people were totally missing the fact that the whole song is about soul-less cartoons, none of whom can 'get saved.'
This song has also led to a boycott by Bible Belt Conservatives and some fans of Chris Rice's music. According to Rice's website article, Rice's intention was to bring attention to the silliness of the typical Christian over-reaction to Beavis and Butthead during their popularity. By calling Butthead 'the other guy' I was satirizing many who were 'offended' by that name. I was also trying to point out the snobbery of those who would limit Christianity to only a certain type of person. Many fans misinterpreted my satire of THEM as if I were making a statement of my own beliefs. You can see why I have no desire to perpetuate the life of this song.
Despite demand for the song, Rice stopped performing the song live in 2004, prompting Rice to write an article for his own official website entitled Eulogy for a Song About Cartoons. In the article Rice explains that his misunderstood intention in writing the song/skit was to mock the commercial-Christian tendency to make a Christian version of everything. Rice states, I was hoping everyone would get the satire, but they missed the satire, and embraced the song as legit. This legitimizing of the song, evidence of his fans' misunderstanding of the purpose of the song/skit, frustrated Rice to the point of eliminating the song from his live performances, as well as refusal to discuss the song in interviews on the air. In 2004, Rice decided to stop playing the song at concerts. He has kept to his decision, despite popular demand for the song, and despite the fact that Christian radio stations continue to air the song frequently.
Footnotes
External links
Feature on Chris Rice in The Baptist StandardThe Fish'' on Chris Rice
Crosswalk.com on the Cartoons controversy
Category:Contemporary Christian songs
Category:Novelty songs
Category:Satirical songs
Category:1989 songs
Category:Songs about comics
Category:Songs about films
Category:Songs about television |
Bauger FC is a professional football team based in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. Founded in 1986 by Jorge Rolando Bauger as Escuela Bauger, the team changed its name to Bauger FC in 2010. Currently playing in the Liga Dominicana de Fútbol.
History
Bauger FC is a professional soccer team based in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. Founded in 1989 as a Football School Jorge Rolando Bauger, the team changed its name to Bauger FC in 2010. The club currently participates in the Dominican Football League.
Founded in 1989 as School of Soccer Jorge Rolando Bauger by the Argentine Jorge Rolando Bauger. Bauger FC It is the pioneer institution of sports institutions specialized in the teaching and promotion of football in the Dominican Republic. The Bauger School has been offering its services to the sports community of the Dominican Republic for more than two decades, during which time its representative teams have successfully participated in many local, national, regional and international competitions. In the School have formed players and technicians that have integrated different selections, both of the Association of soccer of the National District and national.
Sponsors
Tricom
Ritter Sport
Zona Franca San Isidro
Current squad
Notable players
Jorge Luis Clavelo 2016
Darly Batista 201213
Jonathan Faña 2015
Gonzalo Frechilla 2009
César García 2015
Ernesto Jiménez 2009
Bony Pierre 2015
External links
Balompiedominicano
Federacion Dominicana De Futbol
Prensa Futbol Dominicano
Fifa.com
Category:Football clubs in the Dominican Republic
Category:1989 establishments in the Dominican Republic |
Daniel Casey Dorn born July 20, 1984 is an American former professional baseball right fielder and first baseman. He played in Major League Baseball MLB for the Arizona Diamondbacks and in KBO League for the Nexen Heroes.
Career
Amateur
Dorn played college baseball at California State University, Fullerton from 2003 to 2006. In 2005, he played collegiate summer baseball with the Brewster Whitecaps of the Cape Cod Baseball League. After his junior season, he was drafted by the Tampa Bay Devil Rays in the 23rd round of the 2005 Major League Baseball Draft. He did not sign and returned for his senior season.
Cincinnati Reds
He was drafted by the Cincinnati Reds in the 32nd round of the 2006 MLB Draft. Dorn played in the Reds organization from 2006 to 2012. He was released by the Reds in 2012.
Detroit Tigers
On December 14, 2012, Dorn signed a minor league deal with the Detroit Tigers.
Arizona Diamondbacks
On November 27, 2013, Dorn signed with the Arizona Diamondbacks. He was called up to the majors for the first time on April 21, 2015. On August 24, Dorn was designated for assignment.
Toronto Blue Jays
He was claimed off waivers by the Toronto Blue Jays on August 28, 2015, and assigned to the Triple-A Buffalo Bisons. He was designated for assignment on September 6, and assigned outright to Buffalo on September 9. On November 6, 2015, Dorn elected free agency.
Nexen Heroes
Dorn signed with the Nexen Heroes of the Korea Baseball Organization in November 2015. He became a free agent after the 2017 season.
Somerset Patriots
On March 19, 2018, Dorn signed with the Somerset Patriots of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball. He became a free agent following the 2018 season.
Coaching Career
Dorn is currently the manager for the Los Angeles Dodgers Dominican Summer League affiliate.
References
External links
Cal State Fullerton Titans bio
Category:1984 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from San Dimas, California
Category:Baseball coaches from California
Category:Baseball players from California
Category:Arizona Diamondbacks players
Category:Kiwoom Heroes players
Category:American expatriate baseball players in South Korea
Category:Cal State Fullerton Titans baseball players
Category:Billings Mustangs players
Category:Sarasota Reds players
Category:Chattanooga Lookouts players
Category:Louisville Bats players
Category:Caribes de Anzoátegui players
Category:Leones del Caracas players
Category:Toledo Mud Hens players
Category:Arizona League Diamondbacks players
Category:Reno Aces players
Category:Buffalo Bisons minor league players
Category:KBO League outfielders
Category:Somerset Patriots players
Category:Brewster Whitecaps players
Category:Minor league baseball managers |
Cheer-Accident is an American indie rock ensemble headed by Thymme Jones. Jones took the name of the band from a Hallmark Cards shopping display, and first formed the group in 1981 with singer Jim Drummond and drummer Mike Greenlees.
Biography
Cheer-Accident's first album, Life Isn't Like That, was released in 1986, after which Drummond and Greenlees left the group. They were replaced by bassist Chris Block and guitarist Jeff Libersher. The group's second release, 1988's Sever Roots, Tree Dies, which was produced and engineered by the Phil Bonnet.
Their 1990 EP, Dumb Ask, was produced by Steve Albini, and following this the group signed to British label Neat Records. However, the album was pressed poorly and the group severed its ties to the label, and went back to recording for Complacency Records with Bonnet, who by that time had joined the group on guitar. Block left the band in 1992 and was replaced by Dan Forden, after which the group returned to the studio.
In 1994, the group released The Why Album and helped start a local Chicago Public-access television show called Cool Clown Ground. Albini recorded the group's next release, Not a Food recorded in July 1994 and eventually released in 1996. Shortly after these sessions, Forden left the band and was then replaced with Dylan Posa formerly of The Flying Luttenbachers. By this time, Cheer-Accident members were collaborating regularly with other Chicago indie artists such as U.S. Maple, Bobby Conn, Gastr del Sol, and Smog.
In January 1999, Phil Bonnet died of a brain aneurysm while the group recorded material for its eighth album, Salad Days. The group decided to continue with Jamie Fillmore filling Bonnet's role as guitarist. Also, a 1997 recording session, which yielded a 52-minute song called Trading Balloons, was released as an EP. Salad Days was finally released on Skin Graft Records in October 2000.
The group serves as an occasional live backup band for Harvey Sid Fisher. In 2001, Fischer and the band collaborated on a cover of 52 Girls for the B-52s tribute album, Wigs on Fire!, which was released on Nihilist Records. In 2003, the group recorded another full-length for Skin Graft, Introducing Lemon, as well as a soundtrack CD to a comic book called Gumballhead the Cat. In 2006, Cheer-Accident performed at North East Sticks Together in Boston.
Discography
Life Isn't Like That Complacency Records, Cassette, 1986
Sever Roots, Tree Dies Complacency Records, LP, 1988, CD Reisssue on Freakshow, 2007
Vasectomy Complacency Records, Cassette, 1989
Dumb Ask Complacency Records, 1990. Reissued on Neat Metal and Pravda Records
Babies Shouldn't Smoke Complacency Records, CD, 1991
The Why Album Complacency Records, CD, 1994
Not a Food Pravda Records, CD, 1996
Enduring the American Dream Pravda Records, CD, 1997
Trading Balloons self-released CD-R, 1999
Salad Days Skin Graft Records, CD, 2000
Variations On A Goddamn Old Man Vol. 1, Pravda Records, CD, 2002
Introducing Lemon Skin Graft Records, CD/LP, 2003
Gumballhead the Cat Skin Graft Records, CD and comic book, 2003
Younger Than You Are Now: 1981-1984 Pravda Records, CD, 2004
Variations On A Goddamn Old Man Vol. 2, Pravda Records, CD, 2005
What Sequel? Pravda Records, 2006
Variations On A Goddamn Old Man Vol. 2.1, Pro Janitor Records, CD-R, 2007
Variations On A Goddamn Old Man Vol. 3, Complacency Records, CD, 2008
Fear Draws Misfortune Cuneiform Records, 2009
Barely Breathing b/w Cynical Girl 7 Single, Rampage Recordings, 2010
No Ifs Ands Or Dogs Cuneiform Records, May 2011
Putting Off Death Cuneiform Records, CD/LP, May 2017
Fades Skin Graft Records, May 2018
Chicago XX Complacency Records, LP, July 2019
References
External links
Cheer-Accident Official website at Cheer-Accident.com
Skin Graft Records Artist page
Category:Cuneiform Records artists
Category:Indie rock musical groups from Illinois
Category:Musical groups from Chicago |
Tribute Somerset Premier is an English rugby union league which sits at the eighth level of league rugby union in England involving teams based in the county of Somerset as well as some teams based in Bristol. The league champions are automatically promoted to Tribute Western Counties North while the runners up play the runners up of Gloucester Premier for their place. Relegated teams drop into Somerset 1. Only 1st XV sides can be promoted into Tribute Western Counties North, although any side can fall to Somerset 1. Each season a 1st XV side from Tribute Somerset Premier is picked to take part in the RFU Senior Vase - a national competition for clubs at level 8.
There are five divisions below this league - Somerset 1, Somerset 2 North, Somerset 2 South, Somerset 3 North and Somerset 3 South. These leagues mostly consist of 2nd, 3rd and 4th teams of clubs whose 1st XV plays at a higher level.
Teams 201920
Teams 201819
Teams 201718
2016-17
Participating teams
Bridgwater & Albion II
Bristol Harlequins relegated from Tribute Western Counties North
Crewkerne promoted from Somerset 1
Gordano
Keynsham II
Hornets II
Nailsea & Backwell
Oldfield Old Boys
Old Redcliffians II
St Bernadettes Old Boys
Stothert & Pitt RFC
Tor
Weston-super-Mare II
Winscombe
Wiveliscombe
1st XV teams participating in Somerset Regional Leagues
Somerset 1
Bristol Barbarians
Castle Cary
Imperial
Minehead Barbarians relegated from Somerset Premier
Old Sulians
Wyvern
Somerset 2 North
Bath Old Edwardians promoted from Somerset 3 North
Cheddar Valley transferred from Somerset 2 South
Old Culverhaysians
Somerset 2 South
Martock
Morganians
Somerton
Somerset 3 North
Avon II
Barton Hill II
Bristol Telephone Area
Imperial II
Keynsham IV
Nailsea & Backwell II
Old Bristolians III
Oldfield Old Boys III
Somerset 3 South
Wincanton
201516
The 201516 Tribute Somerset Premier consists of fourteen teams from Somerset and south-west Bristol. The season began on the 5 September 2015 and ended on the 30 April 2016.
Participating teams and location
Eleven of the fourteen teams participated in last season's competition. The 201415 champions Gordano were promoted to Tribute Western Counties North while Bristol Imperial and Clevedon II were relegated to Somerset 1.
1st XV teams participating in Somerset Regional Leagues
Somerset 1
Bristol Barbarians
Castle Cray
Crewkerne
Imperial
Old Sulians
Wyvern
Somerset 2 North
Old Culverhaysians
Somerset 2 South
Cheddar Valley
Martock
Morganians
Somerton
Somerset 3 North
Bath Old Edwardians
Participating Clubs 2014/15
Clevedon II promoted from Somerset 1
Gordano
Imperial
Minehead Barbarians
Oldfield Old Boys relegated from Tribute Western Counties North
Old Redcliffians II
Nailsea & Backwell
St Bernadettes Old Boys
Taunton II
Tor
Weston-super-Mare II
Winscombe
Wiveliscombe
Yatton
Participating Clubs 2013/14
Bristol Barbarians
Gordano
Keynsham II
Minehead Barbarians
Nailsea & Backwell
Old Redcliffians II
St Bernadettes Old Boys promoted from Somerset 1
Stothert & Pitt
Taunton II
Tor
Weston-super-Mare II
Winscombe
Wiveliscombe
Yatton relegated from Tribute Western Counties North
Participating Clubs 2012/13
Chew Valley
Gordano
Imperial
Keynsham
Midsomer Norton
Minehead Barbarians
Nailsea & Backwell
Old Redcliffians II
Stothert & Pitt
Taunton II
Tor
Weston-super-Mare II
Winscombe
Wiveliscombe
Participating Teams 2010/11
Avon
Chard
Chew Valley
Gordano
Imperial
Midsomer Norton
Minehead Barbarians
St Bernadettes
Stothert & Pitt
Taunton II
Tor
Wells
Weston Hornets
Winscombe
Standings 2009/10
1 Bristol Harlequins 40
2 Chard 34
3 Taunton II 33
4 Avon 33
5 Wells 32
6 Stothert & Pitt 18
7 Tor 18
8 Midsomer Norton 18
9 Chew Valley 16
10 St Bernadettes 9
11 Winscombe 8
12 Old Sulians 3
Standings 2008/09
1 Burnham on Sea 35
2 North Petherton 34
3 Tor 30
4 Bristol Harlequins 28
5 Stothert & Pitt 26
6 Chew Valley 20
7 Chard 19
8 Midsomer Norton 18
9 Winscombe 18
10 Wells 17
11 Avon 15
12 Old Sulians 4
Standings 2007/08
1 Keynsham 40
2 Chew Valley 32
3 Winscombe 28
4 Wells 26
5 Midsomer Norton 26
6 Avon 22
7 Old Sulians 20
8 Stothert & Pitt 20
9 Chard 18
10 Tor 16
11 Gordano 8
12 St Bernadettes 6
Tribute Somerset Premier Honours
Promotion play-offs
Since the 200001 season there has been a play-off between the runners-up of the Gloucester Premier and Tribute Somerset Premier for the third and final promotion place to Tribute Western Counties North. The team with the superior league record has home advantage in the tie. At the end of the 201819 season Gloucester Premier teams have been the most successful with thirteen wins to the Tribute Somerset Premier teams six; and the home team has won promotion on twelve occasions compared to the away teams seven.
Number of league titles
Gordano 3
Bristol Harlequins 2
Old Redcliffians 2
Avon 1
Burnham-on-Sea 1
Chew Valley 1
Hornets 1
Keynsham 1
Minehead Barbarians 1
Oldfield Old Boys 1
Stothert & Pitt 1
Walcot 1
Winscombe 1
Wiveliscombe 1
Yatton 1
Notes
See also
South West Division RFU
Somerset RFU
English rugby union system
Rugby union in England
References
RFU2008 Rugby First Available at: http://clubs.rfu.com/Fixtures/ Accessed:8 August 2009
8
Category:Rugby union in Somerset
Category:Rugby union in Bristol |
Jeannette Durno July 12, 1876 September 5, 1963 was a Canadian-born American pianist.
Early life
Jeannette St. John was born in Walkerton, Ontario, the daughter of William Brethour St. John and Margaret Legge St. John. She was adopted by an aunt and uncle as a little girl, and raised in Rockford, Illinois with the surname Durno. She attended Rockford College. She studied piano in Vienna, with Theodor Leschetizky; she also trained as a vocalist.
Career
Jeannette Durno was a frequent guest soloist with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra. She toured in the United States and Canada, mostly in the midwest, but also appearing in New York and Boston. She played in Los Angeles at the Biennial Festival of the National Federation of Music Clubs in 1915. She made some piano rolls of her performances of works by Liszt, Debussy, Grieg, and Chopin. She was known especially for her interpretations of Chopin. Among the younger pianists of the middle western states few more notable are to be found that Miss Jeannette Durno of Chicago, explained one publication in 1899.
She also taught piano in Chicago. Among her students were Canadian pianists Evelyn Eby, Neil Chotem, and Lyell Gustin. She also taught music pedagogy to piano teachers. Frank La Forge dedicated a 1911 composition titled Romance to Durno. She was active in the Musicians Club of Women.
To me, a pianist lacking spontaneity is uninteresting, Durno told an interviewer in 1920. Therefore it is one of my especial aims, both in my own playing and in my teaching, to preserve freshness and avoid the obviously studied effort, which is unfortunately noticeable in so much piano playing.
Personal life
Jeannette Durno married her manager, Dunstan Collins, in 1901. They divorced in 1910. She was a champion amateur golfer in Chicago. She died in 1963, aged 87 years, in Los Angeles, California. Her grave is with that of her pianist sister, Blanche St. John Baker, in Glendale, California.
References
External links
A recording of Jeannette Durno playing Mendelssohn's Scherzo in 1915 on Soundcloud; originally on piano roll.
Category:1876 births
Category:1963 deaths
Category:People from Bruce County
Category:Musicians from Rockford, Illinois
Category:Canadian emigrants to the United States
Category:Rockford University alumni
Category:American women classical pianists
Category:20th-century American women pianists
Category:20th-century American pianists
Category:Classical musicians from Illinois
Category:Musicians from Ontario
Category:Golfers from Illinois |
The 1984 Virginia Slims of California was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Oakland Coliseum in Oakland, California in the United States that was part of the 1984 Virginia Slims World Championship Series. The tournament was held from January 9 through January 15, 1984. Eighth-seeded Hana Mandlíková won the singles title.
Finals
Singles
Hana Mandlíková defeated Martina Navratilova 7686, 36, 64
It was Mandlíková's 2nd title of the year and the 20th of her career.
Doubles
Martina Navratilova / Pam Shriver defeated Rosie Casals / Alycia Moulton 61, 62, 63
It was Navratilova's 1st title of the year and the 180th of her career. It was Shriver's 1st title of the year and the 50th of her career.
Prize money
Reference
External links
ITF tournament edition details
Virginia Slims of California
Category:Silicon Valley Classic
Virginia Slims of California
Virginia Slims of California
Virginia Slims of California |
Chinaemerem Jermaine Udumaga born 22 June 1995 is an English professional football attacking midfielder who is currently unattached. He describes himself as either an eight or a 10 driving from midfield.
Career
Early years
Born in Lewisham, Udumaga began his career in the youth system at nearby club Charlton Athletic, before moving League Two side Oxford United in 2011 and signing scholarship forms in February 2012. He joined Premier League club Newcastle United on trial in 2012, before signing for Championship side Crystal Palace towards the end of the 201213 season.
Brentford
Towards the end of the 201314 season, Udumaga joined League One side Brentford on trial. After impressing for the Development Squad, he signed a one-year professional contract with the newly promoted Championship club in June 2014. After eight goals and almost as many assists for the Development Squad during the first half of the 201415 season, Udumaga was rewarded with his maiden call into the first team squad for a league match versus former side Charlton Athletic on 14 February 2015, remaining an unused substitute the 30 defeat. On 26 February, it was announced that Udumaga had signed a new one-year deal. Udumaga was called into the first team squad for three late-season games and finished the season as top scorer for the Development Squad, having scored 12 goals in 24 appearances.
Udumaga continued his involvement with the first team into 201516 pre-season, being included in the squad for a training camp in Portugal in July and scoring in friendlies versus S.C. Farense and Tottenham Hotspur. He made his senior debut with a start in the League Cup first round versus former side Oxford United on 11 August, playing the full 90 minutes of the 40 defeat. A spate of transfers away from the club and an injury crisis saw Udumaga hold onto his place on the bench and he made three further substitute appearances during the following month. Despite making 14 appearances for the Development Squad, Udumaga requested his contract be cancelled before the end of the 201516 season. During two years with the Bees, he made four first team appearances and scored 14 goals in 42 appearances for the Development Squad.
Wycombe Wanderers loan
On 26 November 2015, Udumaga joined League Two club Wycombe Wanderers on a one-month loan. Despite failing to make an appearance, his loan was extended by a further month. Udumaga finally made his Chairboys debut as a substitute for Paul Hayes late in a 20 win over Crawley Town on 28 December. He made three further appearances before returning to Brentford when his loan expired.
KSF Prespa Birlik
On 6 August 2016, Udumaga was announced as having joined Swedish Division 1 Södra side KSF Prespa Birlik. He scored one goal in 11 appearances before departing the club.
Career statistics
References
External links
Category:1995 births
Category:Living people
Category:English footballers
Category:Black English sportspeople
Category:Association football forwards
Category:Brentford F.C. players
Category:Charlton Athletic F.C. players
Category:Oxford United F.C. players
Category:Crystal Palace F.C. players
Category:English Football League players
Category:Wycombe Wanderers F.C. players
Category:Association football midfielders
Category:Footballers from Lewisham
Category:English expatriate footballers
Category:English expatriate sportspeople in Sweden
Category:KSF Prespa Birlik players |
Alice Cary April 26, 1820February 12, 1871 was an American poet, and the older sister of fellow poet Phoebe Cary 18241871.
Biography
Alice Cary was born on April 26, 1820, in Mount Healthy, Ohio, off the Miami River near Cincinnati. Her parents lived on a farm bought by Robert Cary in 1813 in what is now North College Hill, Ohio. He called the Clovernook Farm. The farm was north of Cincinnati, a good distance from schools, and the father could not afford to give their large family of nine children a very good education. But Alice and her sister Phoebe were fond of reading and studied all they could.
While the sisters were raised in a Universalist household and held political and religious views that were liberal and reformist, they often attended Methodist, Presbyterian, and Congregationalist services and were friendly with ministers of all these denominations and others. According to Phoebe,
When Alice was 17 and Phoebe 13, they began to write verses, which were printed in newspapers. Their mother had died in 1835, and two years afterward their father married again. Their stepmother was wholly unsympathetic regarding the literary aspirations of Alice and Phoebe. For their part, while the sisters were ready and while willing to aid to the full extent of their strength in household labor, they persisted in a determination to study and write when the day's work was done. Sometimes they were refused the use of candles to the extent of their wishes, and the device of a saucer of lard with a bit of rag for a wick was their only light after the rest of the family had retired.
Alice's first major poem, The Child of Sorrow, was published in 1838 and was praised by influential critics including Edgar Allan Poe, Rufus Wilmot Griswold, and Horace Greeley. Alice and her sister were included in the influential anthology The Female Poets of America prepared by Rufus Griswold. Griswold encouraged publishers to put forth a collection of the sisters' poetry, even asking John Greenleaf Whittier to provide a preface. Whittier refused, believing their poetry did not need his endorsement, and also noting a general dislike for prefaces as a method to pass off by aid of a known name, what otherwise would not pass current. In 1849, a Philadelphia publisher accepted the book, Poems of Alice and Phoebe Cary, and Griswold wrote the preface, left unsigned. By the spring of 1850, Alice and Griswold were often corresponding through letters which were often flirtatious. This correspondence ended by the summer of that year.
The anthology made Alice and Phoebe well-known, and in 1850 they moved to New York City, where they devoted themselves to writing, and garnered much fame. There, they also hosted receptions on Sunday evenings which drew notable figures including P. T. Barnum, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, John Greenleaf Whittier, Horace Greeley, Bayard Taylor and his wife, Richard and Elizabeth Stoddard, Robert Dale Owen, Oliver Johnson, Mary Mapes Dodge, Mrs. Croly, Mrs. Victor, Edwin H. Chapin, Henry M. Field, Charles F. Deems, Samuel Bowles, Thomas B. Aldrich, Anna E. Dickinson, George Ripley, Madame Le Vert, Henry Wilson, Justin McCarthy; in short, all the noted contemporary names in the different departments of literature and art might fairly be added to the list.
Alice wrote for the Atlantic Monthly, Harper's, Putnam's Magazine, the New York Ledger, the Independent, and other literary periodicals. Her articles, whether prose or poetry, were gathered subsequently into volumes which were received well in the United States and abroad. She also wrote novels and poems which did not make their first appearance in periodicals. Among her prose works were The Clovernook Children and Snow Berries, a Book for Young Folks.
Alice died of tuberculosis in 1871 in New York at age 51. The pallbearers at her funeral included P. T. Barnum and Horace Greeley. Alice Cary is buried alongside her sister Phoebe in Green-Wood Cemetery, Brooklyn, New York.
The Cary Home stands today on the east side of Hamilton Avenue US 127, on the campus of the Clovernook Center for the Blind and Visually Impaired in North College Hill.
Works
Poems of Alice and Phoebe Cary 1849
A Memorial of Alice and Phoebe Cary With Some of Their Later Poems, compiled and edited by Mary Clemmer Ames 1873
The Last Poems of Alice and Phoebe Cary, compiled and edited by Mary Clemmer Ames 1873
Ballads for Little Folk by Alice and Phoebe Cary, compiled and edited by Mary Clemmer Ames 1873
Note: In early volumes, Cary was spelled Carey in and on Phoebe and Alice Cary's books, and later editions and volumes changed the spelling to Cary.
References
External links
Alice Cary 18201871
Cary Cottage
Cary Oak
Index entry at Poets' Corner for Alice Cary
Green-Wood Cemetery Burial Search
Works with text by Alice Cary on IMSLP
Category:1820 births
Category:1871 deaths
Category:Writers from Cincinnati
Category:Women of the Victorian era
Category:19th-century deaths from tuberculosis
Category:Burials at Green-Wood Cemetery
Category:American women poets
Category:19th-century American poets
Category:19th-century American women writers
Category:People from Mount Healthy, Ohio
Category:People from North College Hill, Ohio |
Pachybrachis signatifrons is a species of case-bearing leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It is found in North America.
References
Further reading
Category:Cryptocephalinae
Category:Articles created by Qbugbot
Category:Beetles described in 1843 |
Hystricella oxytropis is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Hygromiidae, the hairy snails and their allies.
This species is endemic to Madeira, Portugal.
References
Category:Molluscs of Europe
Category:Hygromiidae
Category:Taxa named by Richard Thomas Lowe
Category:Gastropods described in 1831
Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
John Ethridge McCall August 14, 1859 August 8, 1920 was a United States Representative from Tennessee and a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee.
Education and career
Born on August 14, 1859, in Clarksburg, Carroll County, Tennessee, McCall attended public and private schools, then received an Artium Baccalaureus degree in 1881 from the University of Tennessee and read law in 1882. He was editor of the Tennessee Republican in 1882. He was admitted to the bar and entered private practice in Huntingdon, Tennessee in 1882. He continued private practice in Lexington, Tennessee starting in 1883. He was an unsuccessful candidate for district attorney in 1886. He was a member of the Tennessee House of Representatives from 1887 to 1889. He was a delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1888 and 1900. He was an Assistant United States Attorney for the Western District of Tennessee from 1890 to 1891. He was an unsuccessful candidate for nomination as Governor of Tennessee in 1892.
Congressional service
McCall was elected as a Republican from Tennessee's 8th congressional district to the United States House of Representatives of the 54th United States Congress and served from March 4, 1895 to March 3, 1897. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1896 to the 55th United States Congress. He was an unsuccessful Republican candidate for Governor of Tennessee in 1900. He was collector of internal revenue for the fifth district of Tennessee 1902 to 1905.
Federal judicial service
McCall was nominated by President Theodore Roosevelt on January 9, 1905, to a seat on the United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee vacated by Judge Eli Shelby Hammond. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on January 17, 1905, and received his commission the same day. His service terminated on August 8, 1920, due to his death in Huntingdon. He was interred in Forest Hill Cemetery in Memphis, Tennessee.
References
External links
Category:1859 births
Category:1920 deaths
Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives from Tennessee
Category:Members of the Tennessee House of Representatives
Category:Judges of the United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee
Category:American prosecutors
Category:United States district court judges appointed by Theodore Roosevelt
Category:20th-century American judges
Category:Tennessee Republicans
Category:Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives
Category:Assistant United States Attorneys
Category:People from Carroll County, Tennessee
Category:People from Huntingdon, Tennessee |
Peter Drew Hutton born 1947 is an Australian activist, academic, campaigner and past political candidate. Hutton co-founded the Queensland Greens in 1990 and Australian Greens in 1991 and ran in elections in Queensland and Australia at all three levels of government.
Social activist
Hutton has been a social activist all his adult life. Since 1984 I have been part of the process that has moved green politics from the margins to the mainstream of Australian political life. Along the way I have been privileged to represent the Party as a spokesperson and as a candidate. The Greens are now poised to enter that mainstream as a powerful force, representing the hopes and aspirations of many, many Australians.
Educator
He worked as a high school teacher and then a college lecturer from the 1960s to the 1980s. In the 1970s he joined the anti-Vietnam War campaign and civil liberties campaigns and in the 1980s he was active in the peace movement. Hutton became involved in campaigns on uranium mining, Indigenous land rights and nuclear disarmament. He also used his position as a teacher educator to champion peace and environmental education in schools and more democratic school environments and teaching practices.
For many years, Hutton was a lecturer at tertiary institutions in South East Queensland including Queensland University of Technology QUT and University of Southern Queensland. Hutton has published books and numerous articles, especially on green philosophy, history and ethics. He brought together the first book on green politics in Australia in 1987 and with his partner Libby Connors wrote A History of the Australian Environment Movement published by Cambridge University Press in 1999. Hutton and Dr Conners were married in 1986, and have two adult sons.
Organiser
Over the last 29 years Hutton has been a key organiser or spokesperson for campaigns against freeways, the storage and transport of hazardous waste, against evictions of poorer residents in inner-city Brisbane suburbs, nuclear disarmament, public transport and marijuana legalisation. He fought against the Bjelke-Petersen government and ended up in court on many occasions as a result.
Hutton's work against pollution resulted in a 1994 Criminal Justice Commission inquiry into toxic waste dumping in Queensland, an inquiry which highlighted massive problems and led to pressure on the Wayne Goss Government to introduce the Environmental Protection Act. He has been active on many environmental campaigns such as land clearing and was involved in the campaign against the war in Iraq. Hutton's highest vote as a candidate was 25.64 in the ward of The Gabba in the 2008 Brisbane City Council elections.
Lock the Gate Alliance
In June 2011, Hutton was elected president of the Lock the Gate Alliance, an organisation he helped establish the previous year. On 9 December 2011 Hutton was found guilty in the Dalby Magistrates Court of 'obstructing a coal seam gas company without reasonable excuse' under s804 of the Petroleum and Gas Act.
He was protesting against the Queensland Gas Company entering a property in Queensland's Darling Downs when he was arrested in March of that year. Hutton has seen the Lock the Gate Alliance member base grow to represent over 30,000 individuals and 280 communities nationwide, and has become a regular spokesperson on the impacts of invasive mining activities on agricultural land, water resources, regional communities and ecologically sensitive areas.
See also
Australian Greens
2004 Australian Greens candidates
References
External links
Drew Hutton for The Gabba
History of the Australian Environment Movement - by Drew Hutton, Libby Connors Cambridge University Press
Queensland Greens - About Us
Drew Hutton for the Senate Qld 14 August 2004
Drew Hutton's Facebook profile
Drew Hutton's Myspace profile
Drew Hutton on Australian Story
Drew Hutton, how he galvanised the Greens and his unlikely alliance with Alan Jones
Category:Living people
Category:1947 births
Category:Australian Greens candidates
Category:Queensland University of Technology faculty
Category:University of Southern Queensland faculty
Category:Date of birth missing living people
Category:Place of birth missing living people |
Raving Rabbids: Travel in Time is a party video game developed and published by Ubisoft for the Wii. It was released in North America on November 21, 2010, in Europe on November 26, 2010, in Australia on November 25, 2010 and in Japan on January 27, 2011. It is the fifth installment in the Rabbids series and, unlike the previous entry, Rabbids Go Home, it returns to the party game genre.
Plot summary
Wii version
The Rabbids use a time machine which looks like a washing machine to go through different times to change the history of the World According to the trailer, first they go to The Prehistory in 10, 000 BC and help a caveman discover fire, but end up giving him a lighter. Then they go to middle-aged Ancient Egypt in 2500 BC to disturb work on the Sphinx and make the nose fall off. And last, they go to Middle Ages in 520 but they end up underground holding down the legendary sword Excalibur when Arthur tries to pull it off the stone, but he gives up and leaves. When the Rabbids leave, Grannie ended up pulling the sword instead of Arthur.
In the intro for the game, a Rabbid is seen inside the washing machine/time machine altering prehistoric times, ancient Egypt, Middle Ages, Vienna in 1803 Beethoven's composition of the Fifth Symphony and Street Punk in 1980s a Punk Subculture, before smashing a vase in the modern day. The player then teams up with the Rabbid to mess with history by accessing paintings related to each minigame in order to repair the time machine which was damaged on the trips to the aforementioned time periods. Upon altering time and accessing the washing machine, the Rabbid and the player are warped to the Futuristic City in year 4096 A.D although the time machine says the player and the rabbid were transported to a museum in 2012 A.D, 8 years ago, where Professor Barranco 3 the ultra-intelligent Rabbid commander from Rayman Raving Rabbids 2 is drilling various Rabbids to use time machines to take absolute control over the space-time continuum. However, the player's Rabbid literally pulls the plug on one of the machines and causes all the time machines to disappear. This action inadvertently initiates a time paradox which results in a sped-up version of the game intro.
Nintendo 3DS version
Taking place after the events of the Wii version of Raving Rabbids Travel In Time, the Rabbids are playing in the museum, when the same Time Machine appears, this time containing a Rabbid with a duck ring. After the Rabbids fight for the duck ring, the player and the Rabbid get warped to the past, in which the player once again teams up with the Rabbid to get back to the Present while making mess of history again.
The game's ending shows the Rabbid the player teamed up with finding a refrigerator, in which the Rabbid attempts to use it as a Time Machine, but he only put some stuff on himself, and is zapped by a lighting spark, and the credits roll.
Setting
The setting is a history museum. From there, the Rabbids can play quiz, singing, and dancing games. They can also customize their Rabbids with historical costumes. The Rabbids can also go into museum's main areas: the Bouncearium, Shootarium, Flyarium, Runarium and Hookarium; to ruin history with their Time Washing Machine.
Gameplay
Gameplay revolves around several minigames for up to four players with computer AI controlling unused players set during various segments of time. Some levels feature co-operative play, such as a level where two players are tethered by toilet paper. Ubisoft has stated this game intends to be 'waggle-free', and rather than having players shake the controller as hard as they can, the designers hoped to create mini-games with more depth.
Each minigame is set in one of five different sections of a history museum: the Bouncearium, involving maneuvering the Rabbids through side-scrolling platformer minigames; the Shootarium, using first-person shooting style minigames; the Flyarium, allowing Rabbids to fly and compete against one another in races and scavenger hunts; the Runarium, which has two teams race or collect items; and the Hookarium, which is themed around the use of the WiiMotion Plus accessory as a fishing rod.
Worlds
Bouncearium
Titanic in 1912
Wrangel Island in 400, 000 BC
Hollywood in 1923
Ford Creates Assembly Line in 1908
Cretaceous Period in 100, 000 BC
Shootarium
Georgia Gold Rush in 1799
First Man on the Moon in 1969
Ancient Egypt in 2500 BC
Ancient Rome in 44 BC
Flyarium
Kite Experiment in 1752
ApolloSoyuz Test Project in 1975
Mount Rushmore in 1939
Discovery of America in 1492
First Flight in 1903
Italian Renaissance in 1506
Runarium
Medieval Britain in 520
The Bank Great Depression in 1929
American Old West in 1861
Cave Painting in 32, 000 BC
Cambridge in 1761
Hookarium
Jurassic Period in 400, 000, 000 BC
Paris in 1885
Stone Wheel in 3000 BC
Nintendo 3DS version
A Nintendo 3DS version of this game was released as a platform game in 2011. This version is titled as Rabbids: Travel in Time 3D in North America, and simply Rabbids 3D in Europe. It has only 4 historical periods containing 60 maps.
The player must progress in bonus-filled levels, fight some enemies and do jumps or slippery slopes for dynamic action. The advantage of 3D in Rabbids 3D is to provide an immediate gaming pleasure without complication or innovation. There are many checkpoints, and lives and energy points rolls of toilet paper, spheres of force are generously distributed, so the player is never discouraged by the difficulties present in the game.
The title was later re-released in a compilation pack called Rayman & Rabbids Family Pack, alongside Rayman Origins and Rabbids Rumble. The pack was released exclusively in Europe on October 2, 2014.
In return, the game received mixed to negative reviews, with the criticism focused in the lack of originality, low difficulty and repetitive action.
Plot
Taking place after the events of the Wii version of Raving Rabbids Travel In Time, the Rabbids are playing in the museum, when the same Time Machine appears, this time containing a Rabbid with a duck ring. After the Rabbids fight for the duck ring, the player and the Rabbid get warped to the past, in which the player once again teams up with the Rabbid to get back to the Present while making mess of history again.
The game's ending shows the Rabbid the player teamed up with finding a refrigerator, in which the Rabbid attempts to use it as a Time Machine, but he only put some stuff on himself, and is zapped by a lighting spark, and the credits roll.
Reception
Raving Rabbids: Travel in Time was met with mixed reviews. Nintendo Power gave the game a 6.5, while VideoGamer gave it a score of 8/10. Official Nintendo Magazine criticized the game, giving it a 40/100. IGN reviewed the game, praising the graphics and the museum hub included, and gave the game a 7/10. Other websites, such as Nintendo Life and GameStyle, gave it the same score as well. TheBitBlock.com was more positive, giving the game 8/10, praising the inclusion of online play, graphics, and multiplayer, but criticized the disappointing use of WiiMotionPlus, the shooting games, and the historical theme of the game. TheBitBlock.com called it a party game that offers up content that you've never seen before in the party genre. The game was not well received by fans and was criticized for the return to the party roots.
References
External links
Official Global website
Category:2010 video games
Category:Nintendo 3DS games
Category:Nintendo 3DS eShop games
Category:Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection games
Category:Party video games
Category:Platform games
Category:Raving Rabbids
Category:Video games about time travel
Category:Ubisoft games
Category:Video games developed in France
Category:Video games developed in Morocco
Category:Wii games
Category:Wii MotionPlus games
Category:Wii Wi-Fi games |
Andries Beeckman baptized 31 August 1628, Hasselt - buried 9 August 1664, Amsterdam
was a Dutch painter of the 17th century. He is especially famous for his paintings of Southeast Asia and Batavia c. 1660. In 1657 he was known as Andries Beeckman from Zutphen and is last mentioned as finishing two paintings in Amsterdam in 1663. An Andries Beeckman was buried on August 9, 1664 in the Nieuwe Kerk Amsterdam
See also
History of Jakarta
Publication
Menno Jonker, Erlend de Groot en Caroline de Hart, Van velerlei pluimage. Zeventiende-eeuwse waterverftekeningen van Andries Beeckman. Nijmegen, Uitgeverij Van Tilt, 2014.
Notes
External links
Category:1628 births
Category:1664 deaths
Category:Dutch Golden Age painters
Category:Dutch male painters
Category:People from Zutphen
Category:17th-century Dutch East Indies people
Category:Burials at the Nieuwe Kerk Amsterdam
Category:Dutch East India Company people |
Emergency medical services in Australia are provided by state ambulance services, which are a division of each state or territorial government, and by St John Ambulance in both Western Australia and the Northern Territory.
Organisation
Land ambulance
Ambulance service within Australia can be divided into two basic groups; the statutory services and also volunteer groups. In all Australian states, with the exception of Western Australia, and in the Northern Territory, statutory ambulance services are provided by the state/territorial government, as a single-entity, third-service model, government department. In Western Australia, and in the Northern Territory, all statutory ambulance service is provided by St John Ambulance Australia, under contract to the state/territorial government. In all other states and territories, the activities of St John Ambulance are limited to first aid training and special events support, with the occasional disaster response. In all states with the exception of Queensland and Tasmania, users who are not on welfare benefits are billed directly for their usage of an ambulance. In addition, while not strictly ambulance services, some jurisdictions also have private companies offering medical transportation services on a fee-for-service basis. Ambulance services in Australia operate on the Anglo-American as opposed to the Franco-German EMS service delivery model.
Air ambulance
Air ambulance service is accomplished in Australia by means of a variety of arrangements and providers. In New South Wales rescue helicopters are split into two districts with Westpac Rescue Helicopter Service and Toll Air Ambulance servicing the entire state. The Sydney-based Westpac Rescue Helicopter is solely used for search and rescue taskings. Some states, such as Queensland share air ambulance resources with other public agencies; in the case of Queensland, air ambulance services are primarily provided by Emergency Management Queensland EMQ Helicopter Rescue and a mixture of other providers such as RACQ CareFlight, RACQ CQ Rescue, RACQ Capricorn Helicopter Rescue, RACQ NQ Rescue and AGL Action Rescue Helicopter may fill service gaps. In other states, such as South Australia a mix of service providers, including other emergency services such as the police, continue to operate but medical crews are provided by MedStar, a government entity which provide doctors, nurses and flight paramedics to MAC Rescue Helicopter and RFDS Fixed Wing. While helicopters provide good service in coastal areas with high population density, in the more sparsely settled interior, distances can be vast, and fixed-wing aircraft are the preferred mode of transport. In these cases, the statutory ambulance services often operate the aircraft, in cooperation with Australia's Royal Flying Doctor Service.
First responders
There are a number of different first responders in Australia that supplement ambulance services. First responders provide a rapid response to the scene but do not transport patients.
Many metropolitan ambulance services have single paramedics in vehicles and on motorcycles.
In Melbourne and Sydney, Hatzolah provides first responders to the Jewish Community.
Since 1998 in Melbourne, the Metropolitan Fire Service respond to suspected cardiac or respiratory arrest medical emergencies.
In rural South Australia some towns have Community Emergency Response Teams such as Port McDonnell and Marion Bay and historically Meadows.
Firefighter Emergency Medical Responders
In Melbourne the Metropolitan Fire Brigade, Melbourne MFB provides a fully professional Emergency Medical Response EMR capability for the metropolitan fire district. Commencing in 1998 the MFB's EMR program is run in partnership with Ambulance Victoria AV to ensure rapid trained response to Computer-aided Dispatch CAD priority 0 suspected cardiac or respiratory arrest medical emergencies across Melbourne.
Training
To qualify as a Firefighter Emergency Medical Responder, MFB professional firefighters undertake a 12-month training program provided by Monash University following a training curriculum developed specifically for professional firefighters by the MFB and Monash University Faculty of Community Emergency Health & Paramedic Practice. MFB Firefighters are trained to provide advanced life support care including oxygen resuscitation and airway management, CPR, defibrillation, spinal and trauma care. When required, firefighters may also provide assistance to ambulance paramedics.
Programme benefits
Under the EMR program, MFB firefighters are simultaneously dispatched with AV paramedics to all priority 0 medical emergencies within the metropolitan fire district. In 60 of these EMR events, MFB firefighters arrive first on scene and commence initial patient assessment and provide care as required. On arrival, AV paramedics take over responsibility for patient care with MFB firefighters then providing assistance as required. As a result of EMR response, two minutes have been cut from the response time to cardiac arrest cases in the metropolitan fire district covered by the MFB. This program and the expansion of emergency and MICA ambulance services in Melbourne in recent years is providing the Melbourne community with a higher cardiac arrest survival rate than other Australian capital cities. Due to the reported success of this program it has been expanded to include some full-time stations run by Victoria's Country Fire Authority. The NSW Government has recently proposed a similar program utilising Fire and Rescue NSW but has faced strong opposition from the Fire Brigade Employees Union.
Standards
Training and staffing
Ambulance services in Australia use, for the most part, well educated professional staff, supplemented in low volume rural areas by volunteers. The level of training for volunteers is considered to be a high level of skill at advanced first aid. Paid staff fall into two categories; Transport Officers and Paramedics. Transport Officers complete certificate level training, and are normally only used for the non-emergency interfacility transportation of patients. Anyone employed on an emergency ambulance must be trained as a paramedic. There are several levels of paramedics in Australia. The term paramedic is now legally protected in Australia; with paramedics requiring registration with the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency AHPRA starting 1 October 2018.
The preferred level of entry into practice for new paramedics is a multi-year, Bachelor's degree program in either Emergency Health, Paramedicine or Clinical Practice Paramedic, including classroom lectures, clinical practice, and internship components. The intent is to make this qualification the only path of entry into the field but so far only the states of Victoria and Tasmania have phased out all other methods of entry. Ambulance services in South Australia and Queensland now draw the majority of their paramedics from degree programs and continue to use the older-style, internal diploma programs only to fill service gaps and shortages in forecasted requirements . These older programs continue to be necessary to ensure ambulance services are able to directly train additional staff to fill shortages and as the numbers of degree graduate paramedics being produced by the university system are insufficient to meet ambulance services requirements for new employees. NSW Ambulance is transitioning to tertiary entrance but this process will be phased in over several years and may be achieved by 2020.
Training as a Mobile Intensive Care Ambulance Paramedic in Victoria, and equivalent Intensive Care Paramedic programs in other states involves the completion of a post-graduate certificate program. The program, which typically takes an additional year to complete, involves theory, clinical and supervised practice components. Graduates possess an expanded skill set which may include intubation, Rapid Sequence Intubation RSI, additional drugs, and in some cases, certification of death. Those certified as MICA-Paramedics in Victoria function on protocols, working independently and with minimal medical supervision.
Vehicles
Ambulance services in Australia provide emergency medical services by means of a number of service delivery methods. These include both conventional ambulances and aircraft, but also include a variety of rapid response vehicles with single paramedics, including both all-wheel drive type vehicles SUVs and motorcycles. Supervisory vehicles are also equipped with medical equipment, and capable of providing first response service, when required. Some services, most notably New South Wales, provided the statutory rescue service in addition to their role in pre-hospital care, this has recently changed however, ASNSW Rescue Units are currently in the process of being disbanded with their rescue duties and resources being reassigned to the NSW Fire Brigade. There is no national standard for the design of conventional ambulances in Australia. All ambulance services have their vehicles built to their own internal specifications. That being said, the ambulances are roughly similar from one state to another, and all generally comply with the European Standard CEN 1789 as published by the European Committee for Standards, apart from the visual identity provisions. This compliance is, however, incidental.
Dispatch
Ambulances and paramedics in Australia are centrally dispatched. Australia's national emergency number is 000. This number rings at the Telstra Global Operations Centre, where an operator determines the caller's needs and then directs the caller to the appropriate emergency service police, fire, ambulance. Callers then speak to an operator at a dispatch centre, managed by the relevant state ambulance service E.g. AFCOM in Brisbane, QLD or may even speak to an individual officer in the case of rural/remote stations. Dispatch technologies, including automated vehicle locating AVL and decision-support software are either identical as with AMPDS and Computer-aided Dispatch or comparable with those found in North America and Europe.
Response times
Australian ambulance services generally publicise a response time standard of 'around 10 minutes' on high priority emergency calls. Ongoing monitoring suggests that compliance is improving, many Code one i.e. Lights and Siren calls are reached well within 10 minutes.
See also
Health care in Australia
References |
Coihueco is a Chilean commune and city in Punilla Province, Ñuble Region. It is located near Chillán, the provincial capital. Coihueco borders San Carlos and San Fabián on the north, Argentina on the east, Pinto on the South, and Chillán on the west.
Demographics
According to the 2002 census of the National Statistics Institute, Coihueco spans an area of and has 23,583 inhabitants 12,211 men and 11,372 women. Of these, 7,230 30.7 lived in urban areas and 16,353 69.3 in rural areas. The population grew by 4.4 998 persons between the 1992 and 2002 censuses.
Administration
As a commune, Coihueco is a third-level administrative division of Chile administered by a municipal council, headed by an alcalde who is directly elected every four years. The 2008-2012 alcalde is Arnoldo Manuel Jiménez Venegas PPD.
Within the electoral divisions of Chile, Coihueco is represented in the Chamber of Deputies by Carlos Abel Jarpa PRSD and Rosauro Martínez RN as part of the 41st electoral district, together with Chillán, Pinto, San Ignacio, El Carmen, Pemuco, Yungay and Chillán Viejo. The commune is represented in the Senate by Victor Pérez Varela UDI and Mariano Ruiz -Esquide Jara PDC as part of the 13th senatorial constituency Biobío-Coast.
References
Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre, Coihueco
Coihueco, Chile Page. Falling Rain Genomics. Retrieved on 2008-05-02.
External links
Municipality of Coihueco
Category:Communes of Chile
Category:Populated places in Punilla Province |
The 1993 Georgia Bulldogs football team represented the University of Georgia during the 1993 NCAA Division I-A football season. Georgia completed the season with a 56 record.
Schedule
Roster
Season summary
Georgia Tech
A fight broke out late in the fourth quarter following a touchdown pass by Georgia.
References
Georgia Bulldogs
Category:Georgia Bulldogs football seasons
Bulldogs football |
Erdvilas Erdywił, Ердивил, Erdiwił, Erdwil was one of the 21 early dukes of Lithuania who signed a treaty with GaliciaVolhynia in 1219. He and Vykintas are the two dukes of Samogitia mentioned in the treaty. This is supported by the fact that the eastern part of Samogitia supported King of Lithuania Mindaugas, while the western part, ruled by Vykintas, was more hostile. That is the only mention of him in written sources. Few historians consider that Treniota, Mindaugas' nephew, was son of Erdvilas. However more prefer Vykintas as Treniota's father.
Bychowiec Chronicle
The Bychowiec Chronicle presents a legendary version of Erdvilas' life. He was a son of Samogitian Duke Mantvila, who sent him to conquer Black Ruthenia. Erdvilas established his capital in Navahradak, founded Hrodna, and helped to rebuild other cities plundered by the Tatars. Refusing to pay tribute, Erdvilas gathered a large army, whose leader was Grumpis Gostautas, and defeated the Tatars on the banks of the Dnieper River. According to this account Vykintas was Erdvilas' brother and ruled Samogitia. When Vykintas died without leaving an heir, Erdvilas inherited Samogitia.
This account has no historical basis and is part of the Palemonids legend. Erdvilas would belong to the fifth generation of a noble family from the Roman Empire who settled in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and gave rise to the state.
See also
House of Mindaugas
List of early Lithuanian dukes
References
Category:Lithuanian nobility |
Antonio Castriani surname also given as Crastini c.1460 August 11, 1510 was an Italian Roman Catholic bishop.
Biography
On March 17, 1506, Antonio Castriani was appointed as Bishop of Cagli but this term was short-lived. He was reappointed to become the first Bishop of Montefeltro on May 21, 1507, a position he held until his death on August 11, 1510.
References
External links and additional sources
for Chronology of Bishops
for Chronology of Bishops
for Chronology of Bishops
for Chronology of Bishops
Category:Bishops of Montefeltro
Category:Year of birth missing
Category:1510 deaths |
John Joseph Lydon born 31 January 1956, also known by his stage name Johnny Rotten, is an English singer, songwriter and musician. He is best known as the lead singer of the late-1970s British punk band the Sex Pistols, which lasted from 1975 until 1978, and again for various revivals during the 1990s and 2000s. He is also the lead singer of post-punk band Public Image Ltd PiL, which he founded and fronted from 1978 until 1993, and again since 2009.
Lydon's outspoken persona, rebellious image and fashion style led to his being asked to become the singer of the Sex Pistols by their manager, Malcolm McLaren. With the Sex Pistols, he penned singles including Anarchy in the U.K., God Save the Queen, Pretty Vacant and Holidays in the Sun, the content of which precipitated what one commentator described as the last and greatest outbreak of pop-based moral pandemonium in Britain. The band scandalised much of the media, and Lydon was seen as a figurehead of the burgeoning punk movement. Because of their controversial lyrics and disrepute at the time, they are regarded as one of the most influential acts in the history of popular music.
After the Sex Pistols disbanded in 1978, Lydon founded his own band, Public Image Ltd, which was far more experimental in nature and described in a 2005 NME review as arguably the first post-rock group. The band produced eight albums and a string of singles, including Public Image, Death Disco, and Rise, before they went on hiatus in 1993, reforming in 2009. In subsequent years, Lydon has hosted television shows in the UK, US, and Belgium, appeared on I'm a Celebrity ... Get Me Out of Here! in the UK, appeared in advertisements on UK television promoting Dairy Crest, a brand of British butter, written two autobiographies, and produced some solo musical work, such as the album Psycho's Path 1997. In 2005, he released a compilation album, The Best of British £1 Notes.
In 2015, there was a revival of a 1980s movement to have Lydon knighted for his achievements with the Sex Pistols, even though he has declined efforts to award him an MBE for his services to music. Q magazine remarked that somehow he's assumed the status of national treasure. In 2002, he was named among the 100 Greatest Britons following a UK-wide vote.
Career
Early life: 19561974
John Joseph Lydon was born in London on 31 January 1956. His parents, Eileen Lydia née Barry died 1978 and John Christopher Lydon, were working-class emigrants from Ireland who moved into a two-room Victorian flat in Benwell Road, in the Holloway area of north London. The flat is adjacent to the Highbury Stadium, the former home of Premier League football club Arsenal F.C. of which Lydon has been an avid fan since the age of four. At the time, the area was largely impoverished, with a high crime rate and a population consisting predominantly of working-class Irish and Jamaican people. Lydon spent summer holidays in his mother's native County Cork, where he suffered name-calling for having an English accent, a prejudice he claims he still receives today even though he travels under an Irish passport.
Lydon, the eldest of four brothers, had to look after his siblings due to his mother's regular illnesses. As a child, he lived on the edge of an industrial estate and would often play with friends in the factories when they were closed. He belonged to a local gang of neighbourhood children and would often end up in fights with other groups, something he would later look back on with fond memories: Hilarious fiascoes, not at all like the knives and guns of today. The meanness wasn't there. It was more like yelling, shouting, throwing stones, and running away giggling. Maybe the reality was coloured by my youth. Describing himself as a very shy and very retiring kid who was nervous as hell, he hated going to school, where he would get caned as punishment and where he had several embarrassing incidents ... I would shit my pants and be too scared to ask the teacher to leave the class. I'd sit there in a pants load of poo all day long.
At the age of seven, Lydon contracted spinal meningitis and spent a year in St Ann's Hospital in Haringey, London. Throughout the entire experience, he suffered from hallucinations, nausea, headaches, periods of coma, and a severe memory loss that lasted for four years, whilst the treatments administered by the nurses involved drawing fluid out of his spine with a surgical needle, leaving him with a permanent spinal curvature. The meningitis was responsible for giving him what he would later describe as the Lydon stare; this experience was the first step that put me on the road to Rotten.
With his father often away, employed variously on building sites or oil rigs, Lydon got his first job aged ten as a minicab dispatcher, something he kept up for a year while the family was in financial difficulty. He disliked his secondary school, the St William of York Roman Catholic School in Islington, where initially he was bullied, but at fourteen or fifteen he broke out of the mould and began to fight back at what he saw as the oppressive nature of the school teachers, who he felt instigated and encouraged the children to all be the same and be anti-anyone-who-doesn't-quite-fit-the-mould. Following the completion of his O-levels at school, he got into a row with his father, who disliked Lydon's long hair, and so, agreeing to get it cut, the teenager not only had it cut, but in an act of rebellion, he dyed it bright green. As a teenager he listened to rock bands like Hawkwind, Captain Beefheart, Alice Cooper and the Stooges bands his mother also used to like, which somewhat embarrassed him as well as more mainstream acts such as T. Rex and Gary Glitter.
Lydon was kicked out of school at age fifteen after a run-in with a teacher, and went on to attend Hackney College, where he befriended John Simon Ritchie, and Kingsway Princeton College. Lydon gave Ritchie the nickname Sid Vicious, after his parents' pet hamster. Lydon and Vicious began squatting in a house in the Hampstead area with a group of ageing hippies and stopped bothering to go to college, which was often far away from where they were living. Meanwhile, he began working on building sites during the summer, assisted by his father. Friends recommended him for a job at a children's play centre in Finsbury Park, teaching woodwork to some of the older children, but he was sacked when parents complained that somebody weird with bright-green hair was teaching their children. Lydon and his friends, including Vicious, John Gray, Jah Wobble, Dave Crowe and Tony Purcell, began going to many of the London clubs, such as the Lacy Lady in Seven Kings, and frequented both reggae and gay clubs, enjoying the latter because you could be yourself, nobody bothered you there.
19751978: Sex Pistols and the punk movement
In 1975, Lydon was among a group of youths who regularly hung around Malcolm McLaren and Vivienne Westwood's fetish clothing shop SEX. McLaren had returned from a brief stint travelling with American protopunk band the New York Dolls, and he was working on promoting a new band formed by Steve Jones, Glen Matlock and Paul Cook called the Sex Pistols. McLaren was impressed with Lydon's ragged look and unique sense of style, particularly his orange hair and modified Pink Floyd T-shirt with the band members' eyes scratched out and the words I Hate scrawled in felt-tip pen above the band's logo. After tunelessly singing Alice Cooper's I'm Eighteen to the accompaniment of the shop's jukebox, Lydon was chosen as the band's frontman. In 1977, the band released God Save the Queen during the week of Queen Elizabeth II's Silver Jubilee. At the time, August 1977, Lydon commented: Turn the other cheek too often and you get a razor through it.
Lydon was interested in dub music. McLaren was said to have been upset when Lydon revealed during a radio interview that his influences included progressive experimentalists like Magma, Can, Captain Beefheart and Van der Graaf Generator. Tensions between Lydon and bassist Glen Matlock arose. The reasons for this are disputed, but Lydon claimed in his autobiography that he believed Matlock to be too white-collar and middle-class and that Matlock was always going on about nice things like the Beatles. Matlock stated in his own autobiography that most of the tension in the band, and between himself and Lydon, was orchestrated by McLaren. Matlock quit and as a replacement, Lydon recommended his school friend John Simon Ritchie, who used the stage name Sid Vicious. Although Ritchie was an incompetent bassist, McLaren agreed that he had the look the band wanted: pale, emaciated, spike-haired, with ripped clothes and a perpetual sneer. In 1977, the Sex Pistols released their only and highly influential studio album Never Mind the Bollocks, Here's the Sex Pistols.
Vicious' chaotic relationship with girlfriend Nancy Spungen, and his worsening heroin addiction, caused a great deal of friction among the band members, particularly with Lydon, whose sarcastic remarks often exacerbated the situation. Lydon closed the final Sid Vicious-era Sex Pistols concert in San Francisco's Winterland in January 1978 with a rhetorical question to the audience: Ever get the feeling you've been cheated? Shortly thereafter, McLaren, Jones, and Cook went to Brazil to meet and record with former train robber Ronnie Biggs. Lydon declined to go, deriding the concept as a whole and feeling that they were attempting to make a hero out of a criminal who attacked a train driver and stole working-class money.
The Sex Pistols' disintegration was documented in Julian Temple's satirical pseudo-biographical film, The Great Rock 'n' Roll Swindle, in which Jones, Cook and Vicious each played a character. Matlock only appeared in previously recorded live footage and as an animation and did not participate personally. Lydon refused to have anything to do with it, feeling that McLaren had far too much control over the project. Although Lydon was highly critical of the film, many years later he agreed to let Temple direct the Sex Pistols documentary The Filth and the Fury. That film included new interviews with the band members' faces hidden in silhouette. It featured an uncharacteristically emotional Lydon choking up as he discussed Vicious' decline and death. Lydon denounced previous journalistic works regarding the Sex Pistols in the introduction to his autobiography, Rotten No Irish, No Blacks, No Dogs, which he described as as close to the truth as one can get.
19781993: Public Image Ltd PiL
In 1978, Lydon formed the post-punk outfit Public Image Ltd PiL. The first lineup of the band included bassist Jah Wobble and former The Clash guitarist Keith Levene. They released the albums Public Image: First Issue 1978, Metal Box 1979 and the live album Paris au Printemps 1980. Wobble left and Lydon and Levene made The Flowers of Romance 1981. It followed by This Is What You Want... This Is What You Get 1984 featuring Martin Atkins on drums he had also appeared on Metal Box and The Flowers of Romance; it featured their biggest hit, This Is Not a Love Song, which hit No. 5 in the UK Singles Chart in 1983.
In 1983, Lydon co-starred with Harvey Keitel in the film Copkiller, also released as 'Corrupt and The Order of Death. He had a small role in the 2000 film The Independent.
In 1984, Lydon worked with Time Zone on their single World Destruction. A collaboration between Lydon, Afrika Bambaataa and producer/bassist Bill Laswell, the single was an early example of rap rock, along with Run-DMC. The song appears on Afrika Bambaataa's 1997 compilation album Zulu Groove. It was arranged by Laswell after Lydon and Bambaataa had acknowledged respect for each other's work, as described in an interview from 1984:
The single featured Bernie Worrell, Nicky Skopelitis and Aïyb Dieng, all of whom would later play on PiL's Album; Laswell played bass and produced. In 1986, Public Image Ltd released Album also known as Compact Disc and Cassette depending on the format. Most of the tracks on this album were written by Lydon and Bill Laswell. The musicians were session musicians including bassist Jonas Hellborg, guitarist Steve Vai and Cream drummer Ginger Baker.
In 1987, a new lineup was formed consisting of Lydon, former Siouxsie and the Banshees guitarist John McGeoch, Allan Dias on bass guitar in addition to drummer Bruce Smith and Lu Edmunds. This lineup released Happy? and all except Lu Edmunds released the album 9 in 1989. In 1992, Lydon, Dias and McGeoch were joined by Curt Bisquera on drums and Gregg Arreguin on rhythm guitar for the album That What Is Not. This album also features the Tower of Power horns on two songs and Jimmie Wood on harmonica. Lydon, McGeoch and Dias wrote the song Criminal for the film Point Break. After this album, in 1993, Lydon put PiL on indefinite hiatus.
19932006: Solo album, autobiography and celebrity status
In 1993, Lydon's first autobiography, Rotten: No Irish, No Blacks, No Dogs, was published. Aided by Keith and Kent Zimmerman, and featuring contributions from figures including Paul Cook, Chrissie Hynde, Billy Idol and Don Letts, the work covered his life up until the collapse of the Sex Pistols. Describing the book, he stated that it is as close to the truth as one can get, looking back on events from the inside. All the people in this book were actually there, and this book is as much their point of view as it is mine. This means contradictions and insults have not been edited, and neither have the compliments, if any. I have no time for lies or fantasy, and neither should you. Enjoy or die. In December 2005, Lydon told Q that he was working on a second autobiography to cover the PiL years.
In the mid-1990s, Lydon hosted Rotten Day, a daily syndicated US radio feature written by George Gimarc. The format of the show was a look back at events in popular music and culture occurring on the particular broadcast calendar date about which Lydon would offer cynical commentary. The show was originally developed as a radio vehicle for Gimarc's book, Punk Diary 197079, but after bringing Lydon onboard it was expanded to cover notable events from most of the second half of the 20th century.
In 1997 Lydon released a solo album on Virgin Records called Psycho's Path. He wrote all the songs and played all the instruments. In one song, Sun, he sang the vocals through a toilet roll. The US version included a Chemical Brothers remix of the song Open Up by Leftfield with vocals by Lydon. It was a club hit in the US and a big hit in the UK. Lydon has recorded a second solo-album but it has not been released, except for one song that appeared on The Best of British £1 Notes. In November 1997, Lydon appeared on Judge Judy fighting a suit filed by his former tour drummer Robert Williams for breach of contract, assault and battery.
In January 2004, Lydon appeared on the British reality television programme I'm a Celebrity ... Get Me Out of Here!, which took place in Australia. He proved he still had the capability to shock by calling the show's viewers fucking cunts during a live broadcast. The television regulator and ITV, the channel broadcasting the show, between them received only 91 complaints about Lydon's language.
In a February 2004 interview with the Scottish Sunday Mirror, Lydon said that he and his wife should be dead, since on 21 December 1988, thanks to delays caused by his wife's packing, they missed the Pan Am Flight 103 that crashed in Lockerbie, Scotland.
After I'm a Celebrity ... , he presented a documentary about insects and spiders called John Lydon's Megabugs that was shown on the Discovery Channel. Radio Times described him as more an enthusiast than an expert. He went to present two further programmes: John Lydon Goes Ape, in which he searched for gorillas in Central Africa, and John Lydon's Shark Attack, in which he swam with sharks off South Africa.
In late 2008 Lydon appeared in an advertising campaign for Country Life, a brand of butter, on British television. Lydon defended the move by stating that the main reason he accepted the offer was to raise money to reform Public Image Ltd without a record deal. The advertising campaign proved to be highly successful, with sales of the brand raising 85 in the quarter following, which many in the media attributed to Lydon's presence in the advert.
20062009: Potential Sex Pistols revival
Although Lydon spent years denying that the Sex Pistols would ever perform together again, the band re-united with Matlock returning on bass in the 1990s, and continues to perform occasionally. In 2002, the year of Queen Elizabeth's Golden Jubilee, the Sex Pistols reformed again to play the Crystal Palace National Sports Centre in London. In 2003, their Piss Off Tour took them around North America for three weeks. Further performances took place in Europe in 2007-08.
In 2006, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inducted the Sex Pistols, but the band refused to attend the ceremony or acknowledge the induction, complaining that they had been asked for large sums of money to attend.
2009 to present: Public Image Limited reformation
In September 2009 it was announced that PiL would reform, including earlier members Bruce Smith and Lu Edmonds, for a number of Christmas concerts in the UK. Lydon financed the reunion using money he earned doing a UK television commercial for Country Life butter. Lydon commented The money that I earned from that has now gone completely lock stock and barrel into reforming PiL.
In August 2010, Lydon played with Public Image Ltd in Tel Aviv, Israel despite protests. Lydon was criticized for a statement to newspaper The Independent: I really resent the presumption that I'm going there to play to right-wing Nazi Jews. If Elvis-fucking-Costello wants to pull out of a gig in Israel because he's suddenly got this compassion for Palestinians, then good on him. But I have absolutely one rule, right? Until I see an Arab country, a Muslim country, with a democracy, I won't understand how anyone can have a problem with how they're treated.
In October 2013, Lydon clarified in an interview.
During an April 2013 tour of Australia, Lydon was involved in a television interview for The Project that resulted in a publicised controversy, as he was labelled a flat out, sexist, misogynist pig by one of the panellists on the Australian programme. The altercation occurred with host Carrie Bickmore, and the description was provided by panellist Andrew Rochford after the interview was prematurely terminated by Bickmore's colleague Dave Hughes. Lydon conducted the interview from Brisbane while on PiL's first tour of Australia in twenty years first announced in December 2012 during which concerts were held in the capital cities of Sydney and Melbourne.
Lydon was cast to play the role of King Herod for the North American arena tour of Andrew Lloyd Webber's rock opera Jesus Christ Superstar. He was to play the role starting 9 June through 17 August, and be joined by Ben Forster as Jesus, Brandon Boyd of rock band Incubus as Judas Iscariot, Destiny's Child singer Michelle Williams as Mary Magdalene, and former 'N Sync singer JC Chasez as Pontius Pilate. On 31 May 2014, the producers announced that the tour of the production was cancelled, because of poor advance ticket sales.
A compilation of Lydon's lyrics, Mr. Rotten's Songbook, was published in 2017. The limited-edition book includes the words to every song he wrote during his entire career, punctuated by his own original sketches and cartoons.
Origin of stage name
Lydon explained the origin of his stage name, Johnny Rotten, in a Daily Telegraph feature interview in 2007: he was given the name in the mid-1970s, when his lack of oral hygiene led to his teeth turning green. One version says the name came from the Sex Pistols' guitarist Steve Jones, who saw Lydon's teeth and exclaimed, You're rotten, you are!
Dutch songwriter and translator Jan Rot has been telling an alternative origin story. He claims that he met Lydon at the Marquee Club in the mid-1970s: We struck up a conversation. He told me his name was John, so I explained that my name, literally translated to English, was John Rotten. That kid, John Lydon, who later became the lead singer of The Sex Pistols, thought that was very funny. 'That is a great fucking name' he said.
In 2008, Lydon had extensive dental work performed in Los Angeles, at a reported cost of US$22,000. He explained that it was not done out of vanity: It was necessity ... all those rotten teeth were seriously beginning to corrupt my system.
Personal life
Lydon married Nora Forster, a publishing heiress from Germany, in 1979. He was the stepfather of Forster's daughter Ari Up, who had been the lead singer in the post-punk band The Slits until her death in 2010. In 2000, Lydon and Nora became legal guardians of Ari's twin teenaged boys; as Lydon explained [Ari] let them run free. They couldn't read, write or form proper sentences. One day Ari said she couldn't cope with them any more. I suggested they came to us because I wasn't having them abandoned. They gave us hell, but I loved having kids around. In 2010, they became guardians of Ari's third child, Wilton. Lydon and Forster primarily live in Venice, California where they have resided since the early 1980s, but keep a residence in London. In 2018, Lydon revealed that Forster was in the mid-stages of Alzheimer's Disease.
Lydon became an American citizen in 2013, in addition to his British and Irish citizenships. He later spoke of how he would never have considered becoming a U.S. citizen during the Bush years because of the horrible way America presented itself abroad, but the Obama presidency had changed his mind, in particular because America has the potential to be a nation that actually cares for its afflicted and wounded and ill and disenfranchised as a result of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Obamacare.
Lydon's parents raised their sons as Roman Catholics and Lydon calls himself a Catholic. He has stated that he never had any godlike epiphanies or thought that God had anything to do with this dismal occurrence called life. On the liner notes of Public Image Ltd's single, Cruel, Lydon included, Where is God? I see no evidence of God. God is probably Barry Manilow.
Lydon has been a fan of Oscar Wilde since he studied his works at school, when he came to the conclusion that his stuff was fucking brilliant. What an attitude to life!...he turned out to be the biggest poof on earth at a time when that was completely unacceptable. What a genius.
Lydon is a visual artist. His drawings, paintings and other related works have featured prominently in the works of PiL and his solo career throughout the years, the most recent example being the cover to This is PiL.
Since 2013, Lydon has held British, Irish and American citizenship.
In 2014 he admitted to spending £10,000 on iPad games.
Political and social criticism
United Kingdom's class structure
Since his rise to public attention, Lydon has remained an outspoken critic of much in British politics and society. He comes from an emigrant working class background and is opposed to the class system, describing how private schools tend to turn out little snobs. They're taught a sense of superiority, which is the kiss of death ... They're absolutely screwed up for life. He is critical of the upper class, stating that they parasite off the population as their friends help them along but he equally criticises the working class, claiming that We're lazy, good-for-nothing bastards, absolute cop-outs [who] never accept responsibility for our own lives and that's why we'll always be downtrodden. He opposes all forms of segregation in schools, not only through the private and state school division but also with single-sex schools; It doesn't make sense. It's a much better environment with girls in the class. You learn a lot more, as diversity makes things more interesting.
The Troubles, 19691994
Lydon criticised the paramilitary organisations involved in The Troubles in Northern Ireland, remarking that the Provisional Irish Republican Army and the Ulster Defence Association were like two mafia gangs punching each other out ... They both run their extortion rackets and plague people to no end. He remarked that The Northern Ireland problem is a terrible thing, and it's only the ignorance of the people living outside of it that keeps it going but that ultimately the British government's exploitative attitude to the problem was in his opinion the main cause.
Anarchism
Despite the fact that he wrote and sang Anarchy in the U.K. with the Sex Pistols, Lydon said that he was not an anarchist, calling it mind games for the middle-class.
Banking and the 2008 global financial crisis
Appearing on the BBC's Question Time on 5 July 2012, Lydon questioned the notion of a parliamentary inquiry into the banking industry, saying How on earth is Parliament going to discuss this really when both sides, left and right, are connected to this? This doesn't just go back to Brown, this is part of the ongoing problem. Mr Diamond comes from Wall Street ... hello. Both parties love this idea. They are fiddling with rates. They are affecting the world and everything we used to count on as being dependable and accurate is being discussed by these argumentative chaps. If I nick a motor I'm going to be up before the judge, the rozzers. Hello, same thing.
Institutions of the United Kingdom
On the same episode of Question Time, Lydon was critical of the announcement that the British Army was to be reduced in size, saying: One of the most beautiful things about Britain, apart from the [National Health Service] and the free education, is the British Army. He has been a supporter of the NHS since receiving treatment for meningitis aged 7, stating in 2014: I want national health and education to always be of the highest agenda and I do not mind paying tax for that.
Pacifism
Lydon describes himself as a pacifist by nature and expresses admiration for Mahatma Gandhi.
Gay marriage
Lydon expressed his objection to gay couples raising children in a 10 February 2005 interview on the BBC's Sunday morning religious show, The Heaven and Earth Show. Lydon said, I don't like the idea of one-parent families. It's very tough on the kids. They grow up missing something. I find the same with same-sex marriages; there is something missing. There is a point to male and femaleand for a child to develop, it needs both those aspects.
Jimmy Savile abuse scandal
In a 1978 interview broadcast on BBC Radio 1, Lydon alluded to the sexual abuses committed by Jimmy Savile, as well as the suppression of negative information about Savile by mainstream social forces, many decades in advance of it becoming a public scandal. Lydon stated: I'd like to kill Jimmy Savile; I think he's a hypocrite. I bet he's into all kinds of seediness that we all know about, but are not allowed to talk about. I know some rumours. He added: I bet none of this will be allowed out. After the interviewer suggested libel might be an issue, Lydon replied, Nothing I've said is libel.
The UK and the European Union
Lydon publicly supported the United Kingdom remaining in the European Union during the referendum on EU membership in June 2016, stating that being outside of the European Union would be insane and suicidal for the United Kingdom, We're never going to go back to that romantic delusion of Victorian isolation, it isn't going to happen. There'll be no industry, there'll be no trade, there'll be nothing a slow dismal, collapse. It's ludicrous.
During an interview on Good Morning Britain in March 2017, Lydon stated that he supported Brexit: Well, here it goes, the working-class have spoke and I'm one of them and I'm with them. Lydon described Brexit advocate Nigel Farage as fantastic and that he wanted to shake his hand after his altercation on the River Thames with anti-Brexit campaigner Bob Geldof.
American politics
Lydon became a U.S. citizen in 2013 because he believed in Barack Obama and his health care reform, on which he states, his healthcare thing didn't quite work out what we all want, but there is a great potential there. Now we're looking at dismantling and, you know, [a] crazy loony monster party. Before his election, Lydon said in response to questions about Donald Trump's prospects for being elected President of the United States: No, I can't see it happening, it's a minority that support him at best, and it's so hateful and ignorant. In 2017, though, he said I'm up for anyone shaking up the jaded world of politicians. During a Good Morning Britain interview in March 2017, Lydon described Trump as a complicated fellow who terrifies politicians. Lydon said that there were many, many problems with Trump as a human being but defended him against accusations of racism: What I dislike is the left-wing media in America are trying to smear the bloke as a racist and that's completely not true. He elaborated to NPR: He's a total cat amongst the pigeons ... [He's] got everybody now involving themselves in a political way. And I've been struggling for years to get people to wake up and do that.
Books
Lydon, John 1993. Rotten: No Irish, No Blacks, No Dogs. Hodder & Stoughton
With Andrew Bolton. Punk: Chaos to Couture Yale University Press
Lydon, John 2014. Anger Is an Energy: My Life Uncensored. Simon & Schuster
Discography
All chart positions are UK.
Sex Pistols
Studio albums
Never Mind the Bollocks, Here's the Sex Pistols Virgin, 1977 No. 1
Compilations and live albums
The Great Rock 'n' Roll Swindle Virgin, 1979
Some Product: Carri on Sex Pistols Virgin, 1979
Flogging a Dead Horse Virgin,1980
Kiss This Virgin, 1992
Never Mind the Bollocks / Spunk aka This is Crap Virgin, 1996
Filthy Lucre Live Virgin, 1996
The Filth and the Fury Virgin, 2000
Jubilee Virgin, 2002
Sex Pistols Box Set Virgin, 2002
Singles
Anarchy in the UK 1976 No. 38
God Save the Queen 1977 No. 2
Pretty Vacant 1977 No. 6
Holidays in the Sun 1977 No. 8
I'm Not Your Stepping Stone 1980 No. 21
Anarchy in the UK re-issue 1992 No. 33
Pretty Vacant live 1996 No. 18
God Save the Queen re-issue 2002 No. 15
Public Image Ltd
Studio albums
Public Image: First Issue Virgin, 1978, No. 22
Metal Box a.k.a. Second Edition Virgin, 1979 #18, US No. 171
The Flowers of Romance Virgin, 1981 #11, US No. 114
Commercial Zone PiL Records, 1983
This Is What You Want... This Is What You Get Virgin, 1984
Album Virgin, 1986
Happy? Virgin, 1987
9 Virgin, 1989
That What Is Not Virgin, 1992
This is PiL PiL Official, 2012
What the World Needs Now... PiL Official, 2015
Compilations and live albums
Paris au Printemps Virgin, 1980
Live in Tokyo Virgin, 1983
The Greatest Hits, So Far Virgin, 1990
Plastic Box Virgin, 1999
The Public Image is Rotten - Songs from the Heart Virgin, 2018
Singles
Public Image 1978 No. 9
Death Disco 1979 No. 20
Memories 1979 No. 60
Flowers of Romance 1981 No. 24
This Is Not a Love Song 1983 No. 5
Bad Life 1984 No. 71
Rise 1986 No. 11
Home 1986 No. 75
Seattle 1987 No. 47
The Body 1987 No. 100
Disappointed 1989 No. 38
Don't Ask Me 1990 No. 22
Cruel 1992 No. 49
One Drop 2012
Out of the Woods/Reggie Song - 2012
Double Trouble 2015
Time Zone
Singles
World Destruction 1984
Solo
Studio albums
Psycho's Path Virgin, 1997
Compilations
The Best of British £1 Notes'' Lydon, PiL & Sex Pistols Virgin/EMI, 2005Singles'
Open Up with Leftfield 1993 No. 11
Sun 1997 No. 42
Filmography
References
External links
John Lydon discography on Discogs
Johnny Rotten on The Hour
Interview in Hard Times, 1984
Category:1956 births
Category:20th-century English painters
Category:English male painters
Category:21st-century English painters
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Category:English lyricists
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Category:Male actors from London
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Category:21st-century American painters
Category:20th-century English singers
Category:21st-century English singers
Category:21st-century American singers
Category:American male painters
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Category:American male film actors
Category:American male singers
Category:American punk rock singers
Category:American people of Irish descent
Category:American singer-songwriters
Category:British emigrants to the United States
Category:People with acquired American citizenship |
Risalpur Cantonment railway station is located in Risalpur, Pakistan.
See also
List of railway stations in Pakistan
Pakistan Railways
Pakistan Locomotive Factory
References
External links
Official Web Site of Pakistan Railways
Category:Defunct railway stations in Pakistan
Category:Railway stations in Nowshera District
Category:Railway stations on NowsheraDargai Railway Line |
Joana Vaya Malinao Michaelson born 12 February 1990, née Houplin, is a Filipino-American association football coach and former international footballer who played as a midfielder for Seattle Sounders Women. Houplin was also the top scorer at the 2013 AFF Women's Championship scoring 8 goals.
Early life and education
Joana Houplin was born in the Philippines on February 12, 1990. She has both Philippine and United States citizenship. Houplin later moved to England at age 4 and later to the United States at 12.
She attended the Olympia High School and also the Western Washington University where she obtained a bachelor's degree in kinesiology in 2012. She pursued graduate studies in sports science in the same university.
Competitive career
High School
Houplin played soccer for Olympia High School. On her senior year she was named part of the first-team Class 4A all-state selection. She was also named the Tacoma News Tribune all-Area and Narrows League MVP and The Olympian Area MVP for her stint with her high school.
Collegiate
Houplin played for the Western Washington Vikings, the soccer team of her college from 2008 to 2012. As a senior in 2012 she was named part of the second-team National Soccer Coaches Association of America West Region all-star selection. She led team in a Far West Regional final and won both the Great Northwest Athletic Conference regular-season and tournament titles. In her four year stint with her college's team, she scored 12 goals and made 11 assists for 35 points.
Club
She played as part of the reserves team of Seattle Reign FC from 2013 to 2015. Simultaneously, she played for the Issaquah Gunners of the Women's Premier Soccer League from 2012 to 2015. In 2014, she was part of the Seattle Sounders Women.
International
In late-March 2013, she took part in a week long training camp by the Philippines national football team in Corona, California which led to her selection as part of the squad that will later participate at the 2014 AFC Women's Asian Cup qualifiers. She last played for the Philippines in 2015.
International goals
Scores and results list the Philippines' goal tally first.
Coaching career
Since 2014, she is the head coach of Northwest United FC. She is a holder of at least a USSF National D License. Houplin is also involved with the women's soccer team of the Western Washington University, her alma mater, as a volunteer assistant coach
References
Category:1990 births
Category:Living people
Category:American sportspeople of Filipino descent
Category:Western Washington University alumni
Category:Filipino women's footballers
Category:American women's soccer players
Category:Philippines women's international footballers
Category:Women's association football forwards |
Tadmetla, also known as Tadmetala is a village in Chhattisgarh state, India. It is located in the Konta tehsil of Sukma in the Bastar division.
The village is known for its connection with the abduction of Alex Paul Menon of the Indian Administrative Service who was abducted by the Naxals on 21 April 2012 while he was posted as the district collector of Sukma district.
References
Category:Villages in Sukma district |
The following are the Phenomenal Box Office Star Awards given by the Box Office Entertainment Awards.
Box Office Entertainment Award for Phenomenal Box Office Star
The Box Office Entertainment Award for Phenomenal Box Office Star is the highest-acclaimed award presented annually by the Memorial Scholarship Foundation, led by Corazon Samaniego. It was first awarded at the 43rd Box Office Entertainment Awards ceremony, held in 2012; Vice Ganda first received the award for his work The Unkabogable Praybeyt Benjamin which grossed PHP 332,000,000.00 and was the highest grossing Filipino film of year 2011.
The first title holder of this award, Vice Ganda, retains his reign up to now by receiving the award for 8 consecutive years.
Multiple awards for Phenomenal Box Office Star
The following is a list of actors/actresses who received more than one Phenomenal Box Office Star Award.
Box Office Entertainment Award for Phenomenal Box Office Tandem
The Box Office Entertainment Award for Phenomenal Box Office Tandem is an award presented by the Memorial Scholarship Foundation, led by Corazon Samaniego. It was first awarded at the 45th Box Office Entertainment Awards ceremony, held in 2012; actors Vic Sotto & Ai Ai delas Alas first received the award for their work Enteng ng Ina Mo.
Box Office Entertainment Award for Phenomenal Box Office Child Star
The Box Office Entertainment Award for Phenomenal Box Office Child Star is an award presented by the Memorial Scholarship Foundation, led by Corazon Samaniego. It was first awarded at the 45th Box Office Entertainment Awards ceremony, held in 2014; Bimby Aquino Yap & Ryzza Mae Dizon first received the award for their work My Little Bossings which grossed PHP 401,000,000.00 and was the 2nd highest grossing Filipino film of year 2013.
References
Category:Film awards for lead actress
Category:Film awards for lead actor
Category:Box Office Entertainment Awards |
Eugenia acunai is a species of plant in the family Myrtaceae. It is endemic to Cuba.
References
Category:Endemic flora of Cuba
acunai
Category:Endangered plants
Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
Drama annotation is the process of annotating the metadata of a drama. Given a drama expressed in some medium text, video, audio, etc., the process of metadata annotation identifies what are the elements that characterize the drama and annotates such elements in some metadata format. For example, in the sentence Laertes and Polonius warn Ophelia to stay away from Hamlet. from the text Hamlet, the word Laertes, which refers to a drama element, namely a character, will be annotated as Char, taken from some set of metadata. This article addresses the drama annotation projects, with the sets of metadata and annotations proposed in the scientific literature, based markup languages and ontologies.
Drama across media and genres
Drama encompasses different media and languages, ranging from Greek tragedy and musical drama to action movies and video games: despite their huge differences, these examples share traits of the cultural construct that we recognise as drama. drama can be considered as a form of intangible cultural heritage, since it is characterised by an evolving nature, with form and function that change in time: for example, consider the difference between the Greek Tragedy Oedipus and the modernist play Six Characters in Search of an Author. The exponential spread of drama in contemporary culture has led Martin Esslin to forge the definition of dramatic media, i.e. media that display characters performing live actions, such as theatre, cinema and videogames.
The discrete manifestations of drama are documented in different media, including text, score, video, audio, etc. The dramatic content underlying these manifestation, however, does not depend on the specific medium: take, for example, the Arden edition of the written drama of Hamlet and Laurence Olivier's movie Hamlet, two examples of the drama heritage which share the same drama content despite the differences of the media support. The annotation of the content of media that convey dramatic content requires the use of an annotation schema expressed in a formal language, which makes the annotation comparable, and, possibly, machine readable.
The first attempts at attaching content metadata to media concerned text documents and were carried out by using markup languages, such as XML, which allow to embed content tags into the document text. With the advent of the Semantic Web project, descriptive tools have evolved towards the use of ontologies, thanks to the languages and resources provided by the Semantic Web project. In particular, semantic annotation relies on the use of the Resource Description Framework language, specifically designed to described Web content of any type.
The semantic annotation of drama consists of representing the knowledge about drama in a machine-readable format to serve the task of annotating the dramatic content coherently across different media and languages, abstracting at the same time from the technicalities of signals and text encoding. The annotation of dramatic content across media and genres is a way to preserve, compare and study the nature of drama and of its manifestations. Moreover, the availability of content metadata about drama is a precondition for a range of generative tasks that range from automatising the generation of drama to supporting human creativity in this task.
Story and Drama Annotation through markup languages and linguistic schemata
Story annotation consists of annotating the content of narratives. In most cases, this effort is undertaken with the goal of constructing corpora of annotated narratives, or story corpora, finalised at the study of the relationship between the linguistic expression of the story in the narrative and its content.
In the last decade, to a number of research initiatives especially oriented to the description of story and characters. For example, consider the Narrative Knowledge Representation Language NKRL and the DramaBank project, specifically oriented to the representation of story content in natural language texts.
The annotation of narrative texts has been prompted and influenced by two main lines of research. On the one side, the tradition of knowledge representation in AI has contributed the conceptual tools for describing the content of stories, with languages that span from scripts [Schank 1975] to frames.
The linguistic counterpart of this line of research has resulted in resources situated at the lexical-semantic level such as FrameNet and at the interface between syntax and semantics such as PropBank, which offer tools for representing the connection between the expression of the narrative through the text and the narrative content itself. For example, the Story Workbench tool encompasses a layered annotation scheme, which uses these resources for the multi-layer annotation of narratives.
On the other side, the annotation of narratives has benefited from the trend, established during the last three decades, of representing the content of documents in a machine-readable form. With the advent of markup languages such as Text Encoding Initiative TEI for encoding text in digital form and annotating their structure, the use of markup has soon become the standard in text annotation projects.
In particular, projects such as Narrative Knowledge Representation Language NKRL leveraged the use of markup languages for the representation of the narrative content of text, revamping the use of frames into the emerging scenario of media indexing and retrieval. More recently, as part of the more general effort of constructing resources for the automation of language processing and generation, Elson has proposed a template based language for describing the narrative content of text documents, with the goal of creating a corpus of annotated narrative texts, called DramaBank project. In recent years, the annotation of narrative text has evolved towards minimal schemata targeted at grasping the regularities of written and oral narratives at the discourse level. These initiatives, however, rooted in narrative theories, tend to focus on the realization of narratives though a specific medium, i.e., text, leaving behind the universal elements of dramatic narration that go behind the expressive characteristics of each medium.
Story and drama annotation through computational ontologies
Mostly oriented to the indexing and retrieval of media, ontologies and vocabularies have appeared that support the representation of the content of media according to a shared semantics, available across the Web. In particular, semantic resources such as VERL the Video Event Representation Language and LODE Linked Open Description of Events provide structured description of events that can be applied to the description of incidents in stories. In the paradigm of Linked Data, these resources become the infrastructure for content-based applications in the field of media: for example, consider the project EventMedia, where different vocabularies have been aligned with automatic methods to create an illustrated catalog of media representing events.
A media-independent model of story is provided by the OntoMedia ontology, exploited across different projects such as the Contextus Project to annotate the narrative content of different media objects, ranging from written literature to comics and TV fiction. This project encompasses some concepts, such the notion of character, that are relevant for the description of drama, but, being mainly focused on the representation of events and the order in which they are exposed in media for cross-media comparison, it lacks the capability of representing the core notions of drama. In the field of cultural heritage dissemination, the StorySpace ontology, an ontology of story, supports museum curators in linking the content of artworks through stories, with the ultimate goal of enabling the generation of user tailored content retrieval.
A line of research has tackled the use of logical representations to describe stories, with the goal of creating generative systems that leverage the axiomatization of narrative structures. Finally, some scholars have created representational tools for specific narrative theories, ranging from literary structuralism to scriptwriting practices
Drammar is an ontology of drama, specifically conceived to annotate dramatic media. Drammar aims at extending the use of ontologies to describe the content metadata of dramatic media in a theory-neutral, media-independent way. The use of the ontology format not only allows specifying the conceptual model of drama in a formal, unambiguous way but also makes the knowledge about drama available as a vocabulary for the interchange of annotations across different projects and readily usable for applications that encompass the manipulation of annotations by automatic reasoners and other software types
References
External links
Story Workbench tool
Contextus Project
Drammar project wiki
Category:Metadata |
Jeglia is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rybno, within Działdowo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately north-west of Rybno, north-west of Działdowo, and south-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.
References
Jeglia |
Alex Sadkin April 9, 1949 July 25, 1987 was an American record producer, engineer, mixer and mastering engineer.
Sadkin grew up in Fort Lauderdale, Florida across the street from Bennett Elementary School, and played saxophone in Sunrise Junior High School and Fort Lauderdale High School. Sadkin attended the University of Miami in Coral Gables for his first year of college as a biology major. He attended Florida State University in Tallahassee where he played bass guitar with childhood friends Lyle LaBarbera rhythm guitar and Jim Hendee drums, and singer Phil Turk. He eventually received his Bachelor of Science degree in geology in 1971. He got his start in the music industry as a saxophonist for the Las Olas Brass in Fort Lauderdale.
After graduation, Sadkin worked with Jim Hendee at a sea turtle farm called Mariculture, Ltd. on Grand Cayman Island, where they both lived on Seven Mile Beach, a few miles from the town of Hell. During their six months of living and scuba diving there, they got their first taste of playing reggae at several clubs around the island.
When Sadkin returned to South Florida he began his recording career. He was first trained as a mastering engineer but eventually moved into recording studio work as a tape-op Assistant Engineer at Criteria Studios in Miami, Florida. He got his first big break after impressing Neil Young with his mixing ability, and he eventually became head engineer at Compass Point Studio in Nassau, Bahamas. He worked alongside Island Records boss Chris Blackwell on many of the label's projects, most famously with Bob Marley and the Wailers, including the seminal Rastaman Vibration.
A full member of the Compass Point All Stars from day one, he began producing artists for Island Records Grace Jones, Marianne Faithfull, Robert Palmer, Joe Cocker, while doing mixing work for other labels Talking Heads. Among the other artists he produced in the 1980s are James Brown, the J. Geils Band, Thompson Twins, Classix Nouveaux, Foreigner, Duran Duran, Simply Red, Arcadia and Paul Haig.
Sadkin produced the first two of the Thompson Twins' as a trio albums, Quick Step & Side Kick 1983 and Into the Gap 1984 as well as the original UK single release of Lay Your Hands on Me, in late 1984. However, the band parted company with him as the producer for their next album and opted to produce Here's to Future Days by themselves in Paris; right before its release after the collapse of the singer Tom Bailey, the release was postponed. The postponement caused them to rethink the project and producer Nile Rodgers was subsequently called in to rework the album with them along with Sadkin's production of the single Lay Your Hands on Me and released in 1985.
Sadkin was a mentor to engineer and producer Phil Thornalley, who would go on to work with The Cure, Johnny Hates Jazz, and Natalie Imbruglia. He had a special gift of being able to sense and analyze an artist's inner creative abilities and talents, even if the artist couldn't. Composer-keyboardist Wally Badarou had this to say about Sadkin: His dedication to maintaining genuine 'mixes in progress' from the word go, was a great lesson. I made it a system for my subsequent production from then on.
Sadkin died in a motor accident in Nassau at the age of 38, shortly after completing production work on Boom Crash Opera's eponymous 1987 album, and just before he was due to begin working with Ziggy Marley. The songs Do You Believe in Shame? by Duran Duran, Gone Too Soon by Robbie Nevil, and Grace Jones' Well Well Well are all dedicated to his memory. Also Joe Cocker's album Unchain My Heart 1987 is dedicated to the memory of Alex Sadkin.
Selected production credits
Stephen Stills Illegal Stills 1976Mixing
Stills-Young-Band Long May You Run 1976Mixing
Third World Journey to Addis 1978
Bob Marley and the Wailers Survival 1979
Grace Jones Warm Leatherette 1980
Robert Palmer Clues 1980Mixing
Grace Jones Nightclubbing 1981
Grace Jones Living My Life 1982
Joe Cocker Sheffield Steel 1982
Thompson Twins Quick Step & Side Kick 1983
Paul Haig ex-Josef K Rhythm of Life 1983
Talking Heads Speaking in Tongues 1983Mixing Credit
Duran Duran Is There Something I Should Know? 1984Mixing Credit
Duran Duran Seven and the Ragged Tiger 1983
Classix Nouveaux - Secret 1983
Thompson Twins Into the Gap 1984
Thompson Twins Lay Your Hands on Me 1984Original Single Production, later retooled by Nile Rodgers 1985
Foreigner Agent Provocateur 1984
Arcadia So Red the Rose 1985
Robbie Nevil Robbie Nevil 1986
Boom Crash Opera Boom Crash Opera 1987
Simply Red Men and Women 1987
References
External links
Category:1949 births
Category:1987 deaths
Category:Record producers from Florida
Category:American audio engineers
Category:Fort Lauderdale High School alumni
Category:Florida State University alumni
Category:Road incident deaths in the Bahamas
Category:20th-century American businesspeople
Category:20th-century American engineers |
Luis Enrique Méndez born November 16, 1973 is a former world champion in Greco-Roman Wrestling competing for Cuba.
Méndez represented Cuba at the 2000 Olympics, as well as 5 World Championships. His greatest accomplishment was a gold medal at the 1999 World Wrestling Championships.
References
Category:1973 births
Category:Living people
Category:Wrestlers at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Category:Cuban male sport wrestlers
Category:Olympic wrestlers of Cuba
Category:World Wrestling Championships medalists
Category:Wrestlers at the 1999 Pan American Games
Category:Wrestlers at the 2003 Pan American Games
Category:Pan American Games gold medalists for Cuba
Category:Pan American Games medalists in wrestling |
{{Infobox Criminal organization
| name = Pink Panthers
| image =
| caption = Serbian Pink Panthers Interpol Poster
| founding location = Belgrade, Serbia
| founded by = Rajko Causević
| years active = 1990'spresent
| ethnic makeup = Serbs, Montenegrins
| criminal activities = Robbery, art theft, burglary, possession of stolen property
Named after The Pink Panther series of crime comedy films, Pink Panthers is the name given by Interpol to an international jewel thief network, consisting of 200-250 members from Serbia, Montenegro, Croatia, Macedonia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The organization is responsible for some of the most audacious thefts in the history of crime. They are responsible for what have been termed some of the most glamorous heists ever, and one criminologist even described their crimes as artistry. They have operated in numerous countries and on several continents, and include Japan's most successful robbery amongst their thefts. A film documentary based upon their thefts, Smash & Grab, was released in July the 2nd 2013.
Some law enforcement agencies suspect that the group is responsible for over US$500 million in robberies of gold and diamonds from the following countries: United Arab Emirates, Switzerland, Japan, France, Liechtenstein, Germany, United States of America, Luxembourg, Cyprus, Spain, Monaco, Austria and Australia, as well as Netherlands, Portugal and Belgium. Law enforcement authorities suspect their involvement in the heist of the jewelry store Harry Winston in Paris, on 9 December 2008. The thieves escaped with more than €80 million worth of jewellry.
Raids
Interpol has said it estimates that there are several hundred thieves in the group, and that many come from Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia. However, other sources say the gang is suspected of having at least sixty members, around thirty of whom are thought to be from Montenegro. Several gang members are former soldiers with violent pasts. A great amount are fluent in many different languages and possess passports which have been given to others.
In 2003, the gang first came to attention and earned the nickname Pink Panthers following the theft of a £500,000 diamond from a jewellers in the Mayfair area of central London in the United Kingdom. The thieves hid the diamond in a jar of face cream, mimicking an act seen in the film The Return of the Pink Panther. In May 2005, Graff, a diamond specialist in London, was targeted by Pink Panthers and lost a total of £1 million in jewellery. Three men were suspected of being behind the theft; one was in possession of a firearm. Graff had been targeted in 2002 and lost £23 million on that occasion, £3 million of which was recovered two years later. One of the thieves was sentenced to fifteen years in prison in July 2004.
In the space of six years during the twenty-first century, the Pink Panthers robbed 120 stores in twenty different countries. Japan, London, Denmark, Monaco, Paris, Switzerland, the United Arab Emirates and the United States have all been targeted by the gang. Their attention to detail has ensured this high rate of success. Before robbing a jewellery store in Biarritz, the gang covered a nearby bench in fresh paint to deter anyone from sitting on it and seeing them in action.
The gang is suspected of participating in at least two smash-and-grab jewellery robberies in Tokyo's Ginza district. The first, in 2004, netted ¥3.5 million in gems. The second, in June 2007, took jewellery valued at ¥284 million. In that heist, Rifat Hadžiahmetović and Radovan Jelušić sprayed tear gas at three saleswomen then took a tiara, necklaces, and other jewels and fled the store see below for details of their subsequent arrest.
The gang is also known for its daring escapes and attempts to break into their chosen store. They robbed a jewellery store in Saint-Tropez in 2005 wearing T-shirts emblazoned with flowery designs then made their escape on a speedboat. Prior to one 2008 robbery of Graff jewellers in Dubai, eight gang members drove a pair of Audis through a window, taking watches and other items worth a total of £8 million. In a further robbery, four gang members dressed themselves up as women in December 2008 before breaking into France's Harry Winston jewellers in Paris.
The gang escaped from the store with items worth over US$100 million £60 million. There is growing speculation that the US$65 million heist on 6 August 2009 of an exclusive London jewellery store was the work of the same group. A key element in the speculation is that the men who looted Graff Diamonds on New Bond Street made no effort to hide their faces, suggesting that they had been able to alter their looks with Mission Impossible style prosthetic make-up.
In 2013, the gang was suspected to have struck again when a man wearing a baseball cap and a scarf covering his face broke into the Carlton Hotel in Cannes and made off with US$136 million worth of diamonds, gems, and jewelry being stored by the Leviev diamond house for an exhibit see Carlton Intercontinental Hotel heist. Nice-Matin speculated that this may have been the most costly jewelry theft in history.
Arrests and breakouts
The thieves have been identified and linked through DNA matching, according to Interpol. In 2005, three Serbs, two men and one woman, were arrested in Belgrade. In October 2007, they were sentenced to jail terms by a court in Serbia for the theft of the Comtesse de Vendome necklace, worth approximately £15 million US$30 million, from a Tokyo jewellery boutique, in what was Japan's biggest ever jewel robbery in March 2004. The gang leader was sentenced to seven years of imprisonment while the other two were handed lesser sentences.
Three Pink Panthers from Serbia were declared guilty of robberies carried out in Biarritz, Cannes, Courchevel and Saint-Tropez by one court in Chambéry in 2008. Two were given jail-terms of six and ten years.
One suspect in a June 2007 Ginza heist, a Montenegrin-national named Rifat Hadžiahmetović, travelling on a forged Bulgarian passport, was arrested in March 2009 by Cypriot police at Larnaca International Airport. Hadžiahmetović was due to serve a sentence in Cyprus for travelling on a forged passport before being extradited to Spain. He was extradited from Spain to Japan and, in September 2011, was sentenced to 10 years in prison. His accomplice, Radovan Jelušić, was arrested in Italy in 2010 over a separate crime, then was extradited to Montenegro to stand trial on 18 May 2012.
On 20 June 2009, French police in Monte Carlo detained another three members of the gang seen loitering near jewellery shops in Monaco. The gang members drove up outside a casino in Casino Square on 18 June 2009. The men were told to lie down and were then handcuffed before being whisked away from the scene quickly.
One of the three arrested, Dragan Mikić, is of special interest to the police investigation. He is from Serbia and is on the Interpol's Most Wanted list, possibly being a senior member of the Pink Panthers. Mikić has been on the run since 2005 after breaking out of jail via a ladder whilst other people fired machine guns at the prison.
A head figure of the Pink Panthers, Mitar Marjanović, was arrested on 8 March 2012 in Rome, after two of his accomplices in a bank robbery, committed a month earlier, dropped stolen items containing Marjanovic's fingerprints.
On 14 March 2012, three more members of the gang were arrested in Athens, Greece. Two of the three were male Serbians, aged 20 and 36, and were arrested while reconnoitering a jewellery store robbery. Patrolling police were prompted to question them due to their wearing wigs. The two men fled and the 36-year-old fired and injured a police officer during the pursuit that followed. Both were arrested and led the police to the arrest of the third person, a 43-year-old Serbian female, Olivera Vasić Ćirković. On 12 July 2012 Olivera escaped from Athens' prison by knocking out a guard and stealing her keys.
On 14 May 2013, a member of the gang escaped from the Bois-Mermet prison in Lausanne, Switzerland. He has not yet been caught. He escaped with the help of three outside accomplices who meticulously prepared the operation. Four other prisoners got away at the same time. On 25 July 2013, Milan Poparić, who was serving a sentence of almost seven years for a 2009 robbery at a jewellery store, was the third Pink Panther to escape from a Swiss prison since May 2013. Also escaping was Swiss kidnapper, arsonist and money launderer Adrian Albrecht. They were helped out of the prison at Orbe, in western Switzerland, by accomplices who broke through the perimeter fence and brought ladders for the escapees while keeping the prison guards at bay with fire from AK-47s.
References
Further reading
Category:Jewel thieves
Category:Organized crime groups in Europe
Category:Serbian criminals
Category:Serbian Mafia |
The Academy of Military Science AMS was an 8-week formerly 6 as of March 2014 officer commissioning program of the United States Air Force. AMS was held at Maxwell Air Force Base in Montgomery, Alabama, with the purpose of training and commissioning Air National Guard officers only. AMS was originally located at McGhee Tyson Air National Guard Base, outside Knoxville, Tennessee. It was moved to Maxwell in 2009. The move was initiated by a question in 2006 from the Chief of Staff of the Air Force about the potential of a shared common experience at a single location among active duty, Guard and Reserve officer candidates.
Although the curriculum of AMS is very similar to Air Force Officer Training School OTS, AMS differs from OTS in that it is only six weeks in duration. The primary reason for AMS being a six-week course instead of the traditional OTS nine-week course is that, on average, 85 percent of Air National Guard members have had prior military service when they arrive at the AMS course, versus about 40 percent of OTS students have had the prior experience. Another difference is that the AMS program doesn't operate on an upper-class/lower-class structure as does OTS.
AMS is run by Air National Guard Detachment 12 for administrative purposes, but daily operation of AMS falls under the operational control of OTS. Det. 12 is a total force manned by all three Air Force components organization with 25 positions within the academy's system, plus a position assigned to the Air University's Holm Center and another assigned as deputy commander of the Det. 12. AMS has been a total force organization since 1994. Air National Guard personnel serving on the staff come to OTS under a Title 10 federal assignment that precludes them from having to leave Maxwell AFB for state service.
The memorandum of agreement the Holm Center commander and the Air National Guard Readiness Center commander was finalized May 26, 2009. That agreement specified how AMS would operate at Maxwell. The first AMS class at Maxwell began in October 2009. Each class includes approximately 125 students.
AMS was shutdown in January 2015 and is now fully integrated into Air Force OTS.
References
Category:United States Air Force military education and training
Category:United States Air National Guard |
The 2014 USTA Player Development Classic was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the sixth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $50,000 in prize money. It took place in Carson, California, United States, on July 1420, 2014.
Singles main draw entrants
Seeds
1 Rankings as of July 7, 2014
Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
Kristie Ahn
Jamie Loeb
Chiara Scholl
Chanelle Van Nguyen
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
Jennifer Elie
Danielle Lao
Tatjana Maria
Alexandra Stevenson
Champions
Singles
Nicole Gibbs def. Melanie Oudin 64, 64
Doubles
Michaëlla Krajicek / Olivia Rogowska def. Samantha Crawford / Sachia Vickery 7674, 61
External links
2014 USTA Player Development Classic at ITFtennis.com
Carson
Category:Hard court tennis tournaments
Category:Tennis tournaments in California
Category:2014 in American sports
Category:2014 in sports in California
Category:July 2014 sports events in the United States |
Derek Xavier Weiler October 4, 1968 April 12, 2009 was a journalist and Canadian magazine editor. He was editor of Quill & Quire, Canada's national book trade magazine.
Early career
Weiler received a B.A. and M.A. in English literature from the University of Waterloo and a certificate in Magazine and Book Publishing from Centennial College in Toronto.
His first job in publishing was as an editor for Key Porter Books.
Quill & Quire
After being hired at Quill & Quire as a staff writer in 1999, he rose through the positions of review editor and news editor to be named editor in chief in 2004.
During his tenure, Weiler wrote book reviews and articles for the country's three major newspapers: The Globe and Mail, the Toronto Star and the National Post.
Weiler had a tattoo on his inner forearm that read I can't go on. I'll go on, a well-known line from Samuel Beckett's The Unnamable, and a reference, as he revealed in a blog post, to his struggle with a heart condition, the details of which he did not reveal.
Death
Weiler died suddenly, the result of his heart condition, on April 12, 2009, in Toronto at the age of 40, the day his last book review, of a debut story collection by Wells Tower, appeared in the Toronto Star.
References
External links
Farewell, Derek Weiler, Shelf Life, The Globe and Mail
The funny/sad thing, Author profile, Miriam Toews, Quill & Quire
Category:Canadian magazine editors
Category:1968 births
Category:2009 deaths
Category:People from Waterloo, Ontario
Category:University of Waterloo alumni |
The National Youth Union of Mali , abbreviated U.N.J.M. was a youth organization in Mali. UNJM was the youth wing of the ruling and sole legal political party in the country UDPM. UNJM held its first national council meeting in 1979. Mahamadou Baba Diallo served as the general secretary of UNJM.
UNJM published a monthly magazine called Sukaabé.
References
Category:Youth wings of political parties in Mali
Category:Youth organizations established in the 1970s
Category:1979 establishments in Mali |
Colin Anthony Greenall born 30 December 1963 in Billinge, Lancashire is an English former professional footballer who made over 600 Football League appearances between 1980 and 1999. Starting his career at Blackpool as an apprentice, Greenall had spells at Gillingham, Oxford United, Bury, Preston North End, Chester City and Lincoln City before finishing his career at his hometown club, Wigan Athletic.
Playing career
Blackpool
At Blackpool, Greenall made his professional debut on 23 September 1980, at the age of 16 years and 237 days, becoming the club's then-youngest-ever league player a record broken by Trevor Sinclair in 1989. Three days later, he appeared in a League Cup game against Everton at Goodison Park.
Greenall was one of a host of young players brought to Blackpool by Alan Ball during his short managerial reign at the club. Unlike most of the others, however, he remained at the club for years and developed into a dependable defender. He eventually took over the central role, combining with captain Steve Hetzke and Mike Conroy to form a successful defensive partnership.
Greenall won England Youth honours and, at 20, was voted the Fourth Division's Player of the Year by the PFA.
Gillingham
After 183 league appearances in just over five years, Greenall had a contractual dispute with Blackpool, and in September 1986 he moved to Third Division Gillingham for £40,000.
Oxford United
Greenall joined Oxford United in February 1988 for £235,000, and the U's soon made him skipper following the departure of Tommy Caton, as he enjoyed a brief taste of top-flight football before they were relegated at the end of the season.
Bury and Preston North End
In July 1990, he moved to Bury for £100,000 after an initial loan spell at Gigg Lane, before departing for Preston North End during 199192 a move in his favour as Preston narrowly beat the drop from Division Three while Bury were relegated. Preston would follow suit 12 months later, however.
Latter years
After a year at Chester City, where he won promotion and player of the season in 199394, and a spell with Lincoln City, Greenall joined Wigan Athletic in 1995. At Wigan, he helped guide the team to Third Division success as an ever-present captain in 1997. After coming out of retirement, Greenall made his Wembley debut in 1999 when he defied his advancing years to help Wigan beat Millwall 10 to win the Football League Trophy.
Coaching career
In 2001, Greenall became caretaker-manager of Wigan for six games, losing only once, but he did not get the job permanently and was to lose his coaching job at Wigan shortly afterwards. He returned to playing with Rossendale United while searching for new coaching opportunities.
In June 2002 he was appointed Head of Youth Development at Rochdale and in June 2004 Director of the Centre of Excellence at Rochdale. In August 2005 he was appointed to the role of Coach Education Manager at the Lancashire FA.
Honours
Blackpool
PFA Fourth Division Player of the Year: 198081
Chester City
Player of the Season: 199394.
Wigan Athletic
Football League Division Three IV champions: 199697.
Football League Trophy winners: 199899.
References
External links
Colin Greenall: Latics Legends. Wigan Athletic Official Club Site
Colin Greenall's career stats at Soccerbase
Category:1963 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from Billinge, Merseyside
Category:English footballers
Category:English football managers
Category:Blackpool F.C. players
Category:Gillingham F.C. players
Category:Oxford United F.C. players
Category:Bury F.C. players
Category:Preston North End F.C. players
Category:Chester City F.C. players
Category:Lincoln City F.C. players
Category:Wigan Athletic F.C. players
Category:Wigan Athletic F.C. managers
Category:English Football League players
Category:Association football defenders |
Wondership Q known as Airship Q in Japan is a 2D sandbox action-adventure game developed by Cygames for PlayStation Vita and Steam. The Vita version was released in Japan on November 19, 2015, and the English version was released internationally for Steam on July 18, 2016.
Overview
The story follows two siblings turned into cats, who explore a vast 2D world on an airship in pursuit of the witch who transformed them, and to save the island of Laputa.
The game is unique in several ways: it is cited in the official trailer as the first sandbox RPG from Japan, owing influence primarily to Terraria. This shows the western indie scene's burgeoning influence on the Japanese industry, whereas it had previously been the opposite before the west gained dominance in the gaming world. The Vita version is also one of the few retail imports to offer an official English patch, which is available to importers who have access to PlayStation Network. The game automatically displays the text in several languages, based on whatever the system's regional settings, if there is a translation for said region. Therefore, if someone from the US or UK region has downloaded the patch, it should display text in English by default, so long as the system's region is defined as such. Lastly, it is compatible with PSTV, putting it in stark contrast with Terraria, which did not offer this because of its touch-screen controls exclusive to the Vita.
Despite offering a patch to cater to importers, there is no official retail or digital release in the US or Europe for the Vita version as of now. A PlayStation 4 port is also rumored, but yet to be released.
Reception
The game won Tokyo Game Show's 2015 award for Best Platformer, and 4Gamer.net's 2014 award of excellence for an indie title.
References
External links
Category:2015 video games
Category:Action-adventure games
Category:Open world video games
Category:PlayStation Vita games
Category:Video games developed in Japan
Category:Windows games |
Kochis or Kuchis Pashto:
Kuchis according to J. Derakhshani the name derives from Guci, formerly are nomads from Northern- and Eastern Afghanistan primarily from the Ghilji tribal confederacy. Some of the most notable Ghilji Kochi tribes include the Kharoti, Niazi, Andar, Akakhel and nasar Ahmadzai. Sometimes Durrani tribes can be found among the Kochi, and occasionally there may also be some Baloch people among them that live a pastoral nomadic lifestyle. In the Pashto language, the terms are Kochai singular and Kochian plural. In the Persian language, Kochi and Kochiha are the singular and plural forms respectively.
Description
The National Multi-sectoral Assessment of Kochi in 2004, estimated that there are about 2.4 million Kochis in Afghanistan, with around 1.5 million 60 remaining fully nomadic, and over 100,000 have been displaced due to natural disasters such as flood and drought in the past few years.
The nomads and semi-nomads, generally called Kuchi in Afghanistan, mostly keep sheep and goats. The produce of the animals meat, dairy products, hair and wool is exchanged or sold in order to purchase grain, vegetables, fruit and other products of settled life. In this way an extensive network of exchange has developed along the main routes annually followed by the nomads. The merchant Powindah Ghilji [or Ghilzai] Pashtuns used to move annually from the Afghanistan mountains to the valley of the Indus. These long-distance migrations were stopped in the early 1960s when the border with Afghanistan and Pakistan were closed, but many Kuchis are still allowed to cross as border officials recognize the Kuchi migrations which occur seasonally and allow them to pass even in times of political turmoil. In recent decades, migrations inside Afghanistan continue, although trucks are now often being used to transport livestock and family from one place to another.
History
Kochis historically abstained from politics, because they are nomadic, but under Afghanistan's constitution, they were given ten seats in parliament. Provisions are written into the Afghanistan Constitution Article 14 aimed at improving the welfare of Kochis, including provisions for housing, representation, and education. According to the United Nations High Commission for Refugees, before the 30 years of war, Kochis owned 30 per cent of the country's goats and sheep and most of the camels for years, and they were largely responsible for the supply of slaughter animals, wool, ghee and quroot to the national economy.
Kochis were also favored by the Kings of Afghanistan, who were themselves ethnic Pashtuns, since the late 1880s. They were awarded firman, or royal proclamations, granting them use of summer pastures all over Afghanistan including the northern parts of the country. During the Taliban era, Kochis were a main factor and supporter of the Taliban and their leader Mohammed Omar As a result, the northern ethnic groups Hazara, Tajiks, Uzbeks and Turkmens have a long-standing distrust of the Kochi. This political dispute has been deepened over the decades of Kochi transhumance, whereby some Kochis became absentee landlords in their summer areas in the north through customary seizure procedures to attach debtors' land. However, the Kochis themselves see the northern minority groups as a non-Afghan race, and claims the Kochis were natives of northern Afghan region, and that during many years of invasion such as Genghis Khan and Timur, they escaped south.
Kochis have been identified by the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan as one of the largest vulnerable populations in the country. As Afghanistan's population grows, competing claims over summer pastures, both for rainfed cultivation and for grazing of the settled communities' livestock, have created conflict over land across central and northern Afghanistan. Paying head-count fees for each animal crossing someone else's property is exacting a harsh economic toll on the Kochi way of life, one that is already having to contend with recurrent droughts that are now occurring with increasing frequency. There are communities of Pashtun Kochi origin in other parts of the world as well, including in the Caribbean, Africa and Europe. In Pakistan, some Kochis are found in Karachi in Sindh.
Kochi among Taliban
According to a classified cable sent by U.S. Ambassador to Afghanistan Karl Eikenberryrevealed by WikiLeaksAbdul Wahab Sulemankheil, Director General DG of the Independent Directorate of Kochis, declared that more than half of the Taliban are Kochis, a figure doubted by Eikenberry:
Gallery
Footnotes
References
Vogelsang, Willem. 2002. The Afghans. Blackwell Publishers, Oxford.
External links
Lifestyle of Kuchi community
AFGHANISTAN: Threat of ethnic clashes over grazing land
Afghanistan Research and Evaluation Unit
Category:Nomadic groups in Eurasia
Category:Modern nomads
Category:Immigration to Afghanistan
Category:Pashtun diaspora
Category:Pashtun tribes
Category:Social groups of Afghanistan
Category:Social groups of Pakistan |
Kenny Thomson born 27 March 1969 is a New Zealand curler.
At the international level, he is a .
At the national level, he is a 2016 New Zealand men's champion curler and a 2010 New Zealand mixed champion.
Teams
References
External links
Category:Living people
Category:1969 births
Category:New Zealand male curlers
Category:New Zealand curling champions |
Sogamoso River is a river of northern Colombia. It flows into the Magdalena River and on to the Caribbean Sea. The Sogamoso Dam on the river near Bucaramanga was completed in 2014.
See also
List of rivers of Colombia
References
Further reading
Category:Rivers of Colombia
Category:Magdalena River
Rivers |
Colepidae is a family of ciliates.
References
Key species of the family Colepidae Prostomatida, Ciliophora from Lake Baikal. LA Obolkina, Zoologichesky Zhurnal, 1995
External links
Category:Intramacronucleata
Category:Ciliate families |
Beatmania IIDX 12: Happy Sky stylized as beatmania IIDX12: HAPPY SKY is the 12th game in the beatmania IIDX series of music video games. It was released in arcades by Konami on July 13, 2005. The game features over 45 new songs, some of which are unlocked over Konami's e-Amusement platform. Happy Sky introduced several small but significant changes to the series, such as a new difficulty scale, and a new boss song.
Gameplay
Beatmania IIDX tasks the player with performing songs through a controller consisting of seven key buttons and a scratchable turntable. Hitting the notes with strong timing increases the score and groove gauge bar, allowing the player to finish the stage. Failing to do so depletes the gauge until it is empty, abruptly ending the song.
The core gameplay remains the same in Happy Sky. Songs are now ranked on a 12-point rating scale, with the difficulties being renamed in the process as well. LIGHT7/14 is now Normal and 7/14KEYS is now Hyper. All songs have been readjusted to fit the new ranking scales. A new folder called HARD CLEAR has also been added to the song selection screen for songs cleared using the Hard mode modifier.
Two new modifiers have been added, Hidden+ and Sudden+, which allow the user to adjust a lane cover over a specific portion of the screen. This had been popularly done with towels beforehand, acknowledged by Konami in the PS2 version of Gold, which offers a picture of a towel as one of the lane cover options.
e-Amusement
Happy Sky was the last version of IIDX to support the old styled e-Amusement cards, as Distorted would switch to the new e-Amusement Pass system. A cell phone application called IIDX WAVE could customize the interface of Happy Sky, with different menu music options, different frames for the gameplay interface, and being able to create custom courses.
Extra Stage
If the player gets AA's on all stages with all 3 stages being played on Hard Mode and on Another difficulty, and the final stage being a 10, the player is awarded a chance to play the extra stage, where Scream Squad by Calf is offered. If a AAA is scored and the stage is played on Hard Mode, the player gets to play One More Extra Stage, 冥 Mei by Amuro vs Killer, a song rated 12 on Another.
Music
Noted songs
Mei, the OMES of Happy Sky, is known for its Another chart, which is rated 12 on Another and contains exactly 2000 notes. It was once considered one of the most difficult songs in IIDX history, and is still notoriously difficult to clear in HARD mode due to the slowdown and speed up in the middle portion. Xepher gained more exposure outside of IIDX when it was one of several new IIDX crossovers featured in Dance Dance Revolution SuperNOVA, and later as part of a set of Bemani crossover unlocks in Toy's March 2 which also included Mei. Scripted Connection sounds slightly different on each difficulty level, thus having 3 different versions. DJ Murasame stated in a bio page for the song on Konami's Happy Sky microsite, that the 3 different versions could be played together one after the other at once, and suggested a situation where all 3 versions could be played sequentially using 3 IIDX cabinets next to each other. The console version of Happy Sky would later include all 3 variations playable separately, and a long mix of all 3.
Home version
A home version of Happy Sky was released in Japan for the PlayStation 2 on December 14, 2006. The game includes 9 new songs, plus an unlockable long mix of Scripted Connection. The home version also features unlockable customization features and artwork.
CS exclusive songs
aScripted Connection Long Mix can only be played by launching the 7-kyu course in Class mode in a specific manner.
bLOVELY STORM replaces LOVE IS DREAMINESS if played on the Another difficulty. The song gained a full set of charts in DJ Troopers.
cIn the arcade version of Happy Sky, each version of Scripted Connection can be unlocked separately.
Soundtrack
The original soundtrack for Happy Sky was released on October 19, 2005. The soundtrack spans 2 discs, and includes the console-exclusive songs from 9th Style, plus 6 long versions.
External links
Official home page
IIDX Gateway
References
Category:2005 video games
Category:2006 video games
Category:Arcade games
Category:Beatmania games
Category:PlayStation 2 games
Category:Japan-exclusive video games
Category:Multiplayer and single-player video games
Category:Video games developed in Japan
Category:Video games scored by Takeo Miratsu |
The Erl-King is a 1970 novel by the French writer Michel Tournier. It is also known as The Ogre. It tells the story of a man who recruits children to be Nazis in the belief that he is protecting them. The novel received the Prix Goncourt. The 1996 film The Ogre, directed by Volker Schlöndorff, is based on the novel.
Summary
The story is about Abel Tiffauges, who attends the Saint-Christophe boarding-school where he meets Nestor, a privileged student who will take him under his wing and adore him so much as to let him indulge his obsessions.
Abel first writes about his childhood and his life in life before 1939 in his personal diary.
After World War I, Abel finds himself being a dedicated pigeon keeper and a soldier in Alsace.
Then, he is taken prisoner and deported throughout Germany and Poland in East Prussia German region that corresponds to the actual Kaliningrad Oblast/Königsberg in Western Russia.
He will later be imprisoned in the Moorhof camp close to Insterburg today Chernyakhovsk and to Gumbinnen today Gusev, and will then make it to the reservation of Rominten in the South-Eastern part of East Prussia, in the hunting ground of Göring he calls the ogre of Rominten. He then finds himself having to recruit children in the Mazurian region. He saves Ephraïm, a Jewish boy who came from a Lithuanian camp and escapes while carrying him on his back through swamps. The novel ends with the following sentence:
See also
1970 in literature
20th-century French literature
References
Category:1970 French novels
Category:Novels by Michel Tournier
Category:World War II novels
Category:French novels adapted into films
Category:Prix Goncourt winning works
Category:Éditions Gallimard books |
ABAB University is an online accredited university having students across the globe, mainly from Africa and Asia. ABAB UNIVERSITY aka formerly ISAL institute started in 2010 in India. Dominican Republic approved ISAL Institute as its first accredited online university. ISAL is now seeking university accreditation from United Arab Emirates.
ISAL institute offers:
MEP
HVAC Drafting and Designing
Auto Cad
NDT
Plumbing Designing
Electrical Designing
PSC Coaching
ISAL institute has a Nodel office in Jeddah, KSA
President: Aldhirushan
Total Number of Students: 70
Total Number of Faculty: 5
ISAL institute rebranded as ABAB UNIVERSITY in 2019
References
Category:2010 establishments in India
Category:Educational institutions established in 2010
Category:Online colleges
Category:Distance education institutions based in India |
Nicola Manzari 14 November 1908 28 April 1991 was an Italian screenwriter. He wrote for 38 films between 1940 and 1975.
Selected filmography
The Adventures of Fra Diavolo 1942
Chains 1949
Hearts at Sea 1950
Cameriera bella presenza offresi... 1951
The Last Sentence 1951
I morti non pagano tasse 1952
Non è vero... ma ci credo 1953
Frine, Courtesan of Orient 1953
Lulu 1953
Papà Pacifico 1954
Love Song 1954
Le ambiziose 1961
Mafia Connection 1970
External links
Category:1908 births
Category:1991 deaths
Category:Italian screenwriters
Category:Italian male screenwriters |
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SMURF1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SMURF1 gene.
Function
This gene encodes a ubiquitin ligase that is specific for receptor-regulated SMAD proteins in the bone morphogenetic protein BMP pathway. A similar protein in Xenopus is involved in embryonic pattern formation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. An additional transcript variant has been identified, but its full length sequence has not been determined.
Interactions
SMURF1 has been shown to interact with:
ARHGEF9,
PLEKHO1, and
SMURF2.
References
Further reading
External links |
Polyommatus myrrha is a species of butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It was first described as Lycaena myrrha by Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer in 1851 in the six volume Systematische Bearbeitung der Schmetterlinge von Europa Systematic research on the butterflies of Europe. This rare species has been found in Anatolia area of Turkey. and in the Zangezur Mountains including both Armenian and Nakhichivan sides, which is inhabited by subspecies P. m. cinyraea Nekrutenko & Effendi, 1979.
References
Category:Polyommatus
Category:Butterflies of Asia
Category:Butterflies of Europe
Category:Butterflies of Turkey
~
Category:Butterflies described in 1851 |
Fireside Bowl or Fireside is a bowling alley and music venue established in the 1940s, located at 2648 W Fullerton Ave in Chicago, Illinois.
History
The building was an ice factory in its early days. In the summer of 1941 renovations began and the owner Hank Sophie converted it into a bowling alley, cashing-in on the bowling craze that began in mid-20th century America. It started as a twelve lane pin boy bowling alley and thrived throughout the 40s and 50s. In 1956 it was expanded and AMF automatic pinspotters were installed and the remodeled Fireside was expanded by four lanes bringing the total to 16.
Ownership
The Fireside Bowl was owned and operated by Hank Sophie until 1966 when Rich Lapinski and Alec Mac McGuire bought the bowling alley from an ailing Hank Sophie. Lapinski and McGuire operated it together until 1971 when Lapinski bought out McGuire. From 1971 until 1990 Lapinski operated it as a thriving bowling alley. As the neighborhood changed and Fireside fell into disrepair Lapinski handed the establishment to his son Jim. The neighborhood was getting rough and business slowed so Fireside began to showcase live music on a part-time basis in 1994.
Music venue
While the bowling lanes were used less and less, music was filling in on more nights. There was still bowling on a few nights, in particular the Bucktown Bowling League made up of several neighborhood establishments took to the lanes every Monday night as they had been doing for many years. However, music was now the primary focus.
Gradually, more and more shows were held there until 1999 when the City of Chicago wanted to expand the nearby Haas Park. For the next several years the cloud of eminent domain hung over Fireside, but it continued to host shows promoted by Brian Peterson and Dave Eaves. As time went on and the neighborhood changed neighbors became increasingly more vocal about the live music acts. Then in 2003 the City of Chicago dropped the eminent domain suit and it was decided by the owners and family, with talks to the alderman concerning it continued status that if Fireside was to continue over the long term it needed to get back to its roots of bowling.
Back to bowling
In the Summer of 2004 renovations were made to update things such as automatic scoring, new lanes and equipment and upgrades to the building and its amenities. It restated as a bowling alley without ever closing in the fall of 2004. Since then Fireside has retaken its status as Logan Square's neighborhood bowling alley.
In 2010 the Fireside Bowl started hosting live music again.
Popular culture
Several external scenes from the 1992 film Rapid Fire, featuring Brandon Lee and Powers Boothe prominently show the Fireside. In the film it was used as the headquarters of Boothe's character Det. Mace Ryan and his team.
In 2000, The Fireside earned a mention in the song Goodbye Forever by Chicago-based band, the Alkaline Trio. The song appears on the Alkaline Trio's self-titled album, and includes the line Remember last April when we saw U.S. Maple? / Somehow the singer showed Fireside exactly how I feel.
The bowling scenes from the 2006 film The Break-Up, featuring Vince Vaughn and Jennifer Aniston, were filmed at the Fireside.
Fireside can be seen in an episode of Fox TV show The Chicago Code entitled Hog Butcher, which aired on Feb 14, 2011.
Fireside plays host to a scene in NBC's Chicago Fire in the episode entitled Headlong Toward Disaster, which aired on February 15, 2015.
The Fireside Bowl is the topic of the Allister song Somewhere on Fullerton and is also mentioned in a song by The Methadones called Suddenly Cool. Both are Chicago based bands.
Fireside is featured in several scenes of the 2018 film Widows.
References
External links
The original bookers of the club
Fireside Bowl official website
Fireside Bowl's profile on Citysearch
Information on Fireside at metromix.com
Archives of The Chicago Shows List, a weekly listing of Chicago music happenings
Fireside Bowl returns to Logan Square on WBEZ
Category:Music venues in Chicago
Category:Bowling alleys |
Kade Simon c. 1937 1985, better known as Lord Brynner, was a Trinidadian calypsonian who won the Trinidad and Tobago Independence Calypso Contest in 1962. He also had a number of Ska hits in Jamaica during the mid-1960s.
Biography
Kade Simon was born in Erin, Trinidad. Taking inspiration from the actor Yul Brynner, he adopted the stage name Lord Brynner, together with the shaved head of the actor, and became a popular calypsonian in the late 1950s. He joined the West India Regiment and relocated to Jamaica, where he continued to perform, before returning to Trinidad after the collapse of the West Indies Federation. He won the Trinidad & Tobago Independence Calypso Contest in August 1962 with the aptly-themed Trinidad and Tobago Independence, beating the likes of Mighty Sparrow, Nap Hepburn and the Mighty Bomber. His success led to performances throughout the Caribbean, and also in more than 60 countries in total, including Canada, Hong Kong, Kenya at the country's independence celebrations in 1963, Israel, Greece, Italy, Mexico, and in New York City at the 1964 World's Fair and later at Carnegie Hall and the Lincoln Center.
One of his mid-1960s Ska recordings, Where's Sammy Gone, featured The Wailers as backing vocalists, and he recorded several other Ska singles in Jamaica, including Congo War in 1964, a collaboration with The Sheiks featuring Jackie Mittoo and Dobby Dobson.
He continued to be one of the islands' most popular calypso artists throughout the 1960s and 1970s, and during his career release 13 albums and more than 50 singles. In 1970 he toured with his Calypsorama '70 show, which included musicians and a dance troupe. His lyrical themes included local politics and events, romance, cricket, and world events such as the Vietnam War.
In the 1970s he lived in Jamaica, owning and running the Big Bamboo club in Montego Bay, where he performed regularly.
Kade Simon died in 1985.
Legacy
In 2012, to celebrate Trinidad and Tobago's 50 years of independence, a calypso competition was named in his honour the 50th Anniversary of Independence Lord Brynner National Calypso Competition.
Discography
Albums
Calypsorama 1968, WIRL
Rosslyn Pussy 196?'
Big Big Bamboo Calypso 1968, Erin
Trinidad Calypso in Jamaica Reggae 196?
Calypso in Steel 196?
Calypso Carnival, Erin
Calypsorama In Jamaica , Erin
Calypso titles
Trinidad and Tobago Independence Calypso Competition - 1962
TTT Television Calypso Competition - 1964
References
Category:1937 births
Category:1980 deaths
Category:Calypsonians
Category:Trinidad and Tobago musicians
Category:People from Siparia region |
Princess Ana Nugzaris asuli Bagration-Gruzinsky ; born 1 November 1976 is a royal princess of the Gruzinsky branch of the Bagrationi dynasty of Georgia.
Early life and career
Princess Ana is the eldest child of the head of the Bagration-Gruzinsky family, Prince Nugzar Bagration-Gruzinsky, and his wife, Leila, scion of noble Kipiani family. Ana has one younger sister, Princess Maia Bagration-Gruzinsky, born on 2 January 1978.
Originally a journalist, Princess Ana more recently worked as a teacher in a Tbilisi school.
Princess Ana attended Tbilisi State University.
Marriages and children
First marriage
Princess Ana Bagration-Gruzinsky was firstly married on 17 May 2001 to Grigoriy Malania born in 1970. Malania, an architect, is the son of Grigoriy Malania 1947-2009 and Nana Mgaloblishvili born in 1951. Through his mother, Grigoriy Malania is a descendant of the last king of Georgia, George XII.
Princess Ana and Grigoriy Malania had two daughters, who, with the agreement of their father, bear the surname of their mother:
Irine Bagration-Gruzinsky born in 2003.
Mariam Bagration-Gruzinsky born in 2007.
The marriage of Princess Ana Bagration-Gruzinsky and Grigoriy Malania was dissolved by divorce in 2007.
Second and third marriages
In a lavish ceremony attended by over 3,000 guests, Princess Ana Bagration-Gruzinsky was secondly married on 8 February 2009 at the Holy Trinity Cathedral of Tbilisi to a distant cousin, Prince David Bagration of Mukhrani. On the wedding day, Princess Ana told Georgian television channel Rustavi 2 that I hope that this day will be the happiest of my life. Her father, Prince Nugzar, was also quoted as saying, The most important thing is that this day will be beneficial for Georgia's future.
The wedding received the blessing of Patriarch Ilia II of Georgia, who was very supportive of the joining of the Bagration-Gruzinsky and Bagration-Mukhransky lines. Reports also surfaced that the Patriarch hoped that any son born of the union of Princess Ana and Prince David would become the first post-Soviet tsar of Georgia. The marriage was also hailed by Georgian monarchists hoping for the establishment of a constitutional monarchy under the Bagrationi dynasty.
Princess Ana and Prince David separated within months of their nuptials. Allegations arose that members of the Georgian government conspired to thwart the patriarch's hopes by encouraging Georgian model Shorena Begashvili to undermine the marriage by seducing Prince David, and she subsequently admitted having an affair with him. Their first marriage was dissolved in August 2009. The couple subsequently reconciled and contracted a civil marriage in Spain on 12 November 2010.
Princess Ana Bagration-Gruzinsky and Prince David Bagration-Mukhransky had one son:
Prince Giorgi Bagrationi 27 September 2011.
The second divorce of Princess Ana and Prince David took place on 15 December 2013. Princess Ana received custody of their son, Prince Giorgi.
Recent activities
Princess Ana has shown an interest in the socioeconomic issues affecting vulnerable segments of the Georgian population. Working with Heifer International and other local NGOs, she is seeking to ameliorate the living conditions of internally displaced persons, especially those affected by the Russo-Georgian War. The humanitarian efforts of Princess Ana have met with cooperation from members of the governments of Georgia and the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia.
Honours and awards
Honours
Dynastic honours
House of Bagrationi: Grand Master Knight Grand Cross with Chain of the Royal Order of the Crown
Foreign honour
Rwandan Royal Family: Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Order of the Crown
Award
: Grand Commander of the Social Order of the Amaranth
Ancestors
Patrilineal descent
Adarnase I of Tao-Klarjeti, 742
Ashot I of Iberia, d. 826/830
Bagrat I of Iberia, d. 876
David I of Iberia, d. 881
Adarnase IV of Iberia, d. 923
Sumbat I of Iberia, d. 958
Bagrat II of Iberia, 937 994
Gurgen of Georgia, d. 1008
Bagrat III of Georgia, 960 1014
George I of Georgia, 998 1027
Bagrat IV of Georgia, 10181072
George II of Georgia, 10541112
David IV of Georgia, 10731125
Demetre I of Georgia, 10931156
George III of Georgia, d. 1184
Tamar of Georgia, 11601213
George IV of Georgia, 11911223
David VII of Georgia, 12151270
Demetre II of Georgia, 12591289
George V of Georgia, 12861346
David IX of Georgia, d. 1393
Bagrat V of Georgia, d. 1393
Constantine I of Georgia, 13691412
Alexander I of Georgia, 13891446
George VIII of Georgia, d. 1476
Alexander I of Kakheti, d. 1511
George II of Kakheti, d. 1513
Levan I of Kakheti, d. 1574
Alexander II of Kakheti, d. 1605
David I of Kakheti, d. 1602
Teimuraz I of Kakheti, d. 1663, King of Kakheti 1st. in 1606-1625 2nd. in 1634-1648 and king of united Kartli-Kakheti in 1625-1633
Prince David of Kakheti, d. 1648
Erekle I of Kakheti, d. 1709
Teimuraz II of Kakheti, d. 1762
Erekle II of Georgia, d. 1798
George XII of Georgia, d. 1800
Prince Bagrat of Georgia, d. 1841
Prince Alexander Bagration-Gruzinsky, d. 1865, head of the royal Kartli-Kakheti dynasty
Prince Petre Bagration-Gruzinsky, d. 1922, head of the royal Kartli-Kakheti dynasty
Prince Petre Gruzinsky, d. 1984, head of the royal Kartli-Kakheti dynasty
Prince Nugzar Bagration-Gruzinsky, head of the royal Kartli-Kakheti dynasty
Princess Ana Bagration-Gruzinsky, heiress to the royal Kartli-Kakheti dynasty
References
Category:1976 births
Category:Living people
Category:Bagrationi dynasty of the Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti
Ana Bagration-Gruzinsky
Category:People from Tbilisi
Category:Pretenders to the Georgian throne
Category:Tbilisi State University alumni |
Vladimir Terletsky in Russian Терлецкий Владимир Евгеньевич, in Yiddish וועלוול טערלעצקי was a musician, composer, conductor.
Terletsky January 22, 1931 in Moscow, Soviet Union July 22, 1998 in Moscow, Russia studied music at the Gnesins Music School and College, thereafter at the Gnesins Institute for Music Educators. Terletsky held numerous positions as conductor /the orchestras of Moscow Variety, Rosconcert, Moscow Concerts, Baku Variety /. He was granted the title of a Distinguished Artist of the Azerbaydzhanian Soviet Socialistic Republic.
Compositions
Terletsky composed numerous songs, incidental music, movie scores, music for television and radio shows. He was renowned for his mastery of music arrangements. Of his Jewish music are notable the two Jewish Suites for orchestra, songs to words of Aaron Vergelis and Elias Beyder. He arranged many Jewish folk tunes. Terletskys music has been recognized for melodic simplicity and liveliness, his orchestration is witted and colorful.
References
ТЕРЛЕЦКИЙ Владимир Евгеньевич Российская Еврейская Энциклопедия /Terletsky Vladimir Yevgenyevich Russia's Jewish Encyclopedia, in Russian/
Category:1931 births
Category:1998 deaths
Category:Musicians from Moscow
Category:Russian composers
Category:Russian male composers
Category:Russian Jews
Category:Russian musicians
Category:20th-century composers
Category:20th-century Russian male musicians |
Bolinus is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails.
This genus is known in the fossil record from the Miocene to the Pliocene period age range: from 15.97 to 2.588 million years ago.. Fossil shells within this genus have been found in Cyprus, Austria, Italy and Turkey.
Some species of these molluscs were known since ancient times as a source for purple dye and also as a popular food source.
Description
The adult shells of Bolinus species can reach a size of about . They are usually pale or golden brown, thick and spiny with a long and straight siphonal canal and a rounded and broad body whorl.
They are carnivorous and predatory
Distribution
Snails within this genus mainly live along the Atlantic coast of Africa and in the Mediterranean Sea.
Habitat
They inhabit shallow water and prefer gravelled or rocky substrate.
Species
Species within the genus Bolinus include:
Bolinus Brandaris Nivea Bucquoy, Dautzenberg & Dollfus, 1882
brandaris form trispinosus Locard 1886
Bolinus brandaris longispinus Coen 1914
brandaris form coronatus
brandaris form trituberculatus
brandaris form bicaudatus
brandaris form cagliaritanus
brandaris form brevis
brandaris form polii
brandaris form elongata
brandaris form coronatus x polii
brandaris form varicosus
brandaris form rubiginosus
Stigwan & Fabiod 2019
References
External links
Category:Muricidae
Category:Extant Miocene first appearances |
Gordon Brown born 1951 was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2007 to 2010.
Premiership of Gordon Brown, his premiership
Gordon Brown may also refer to:
Politics
Cathy Gordon Brown born 1965, Independent candidate from Tennessee in the 2000 United States presidential election
Gord Brown 19602018, Canadian politician; represented the electoral district of LeedsGrenville
Gordon Brown Australian politician 18851967, former President of the Australian Senate
Gordon J. Brown born 1904, American politician in the state of Washington
Sport
Gordon Brown guard 18791911, captain of the 1900 Yale football team
Gordon Brown running back born 1963, former American football running back
Gordon Brown Argentine cricketer, early 20th-century cricketer
Gordon Brown Canadian football born 1927, Canadian football guard
Gordon Brown footballer, born 1929 died 2010, English footballer
Gordon Brown footballer, born 1932 died 1999, Scottish footballer
Gordon Brown footballer, born 1933 died 2005, English footballer
Gordon Brown footballer, born 1965, Scottish footballer
Gordon Brown footballer, born 1979, Scottish footballer
Gordon Brown rugby league born 1930, rugby league footballer
Gordon Brown rugby union 19472001, Scottish international lock forward
Gordon Brown Zimbabwean cricketer born 1981, early 2000s cricketer
Other
Gordie Brown, actor who plays Mr Jones in the Canadian television drama Twice in a Lifetime
Gordon Brown businessman 19071982, New Zealand accountant, businessman, rugby administrator and local politician
Gordon S. Brown 19071996, Australian-born professor of electrical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Gordon Brown, co-founder of Millward Brown
Gordon Brown author, Scottish crime fiction writer
Gordon Brown television presenter, host of the TV series Collectors
See also
Gordon Browne 18581932, English artist and children's book illustrator
Gordon Browning 18891976, American politician who represented Tennessee in Congress and served as Governor of Tennessee
Gordon disambiguation
Brown surname |
The 1992 USAC FF2000 Western Division Championship was the third season of the series. It was the first season since the east/west split of the series by the United States Auto Club. Greg Moore won the series championship for Team Viper in a Swift DB-6
Race calendar and results
Notes
Final standings
References
Category:U.S. F2000 National Championship seasons
Category:1992 in American motorsport |
Christian Groh is an American billionaire businessman, and one of the co-founders of Privateer Holdings, along with Brendan Kennedy and Michael Blue.
Early life
Groh earned a bachelor's degree from California Maritime Academy, and an MBA from San Francisco State University.
Career
Groh previously worked at SVB Analytics, an affiliate of Silicon Valley Bank, as did Brendan Kennedy.
According to Bloomberg LP, as of September 2018, Groh has a net worth of at least US$2.4 billion.
References
Category:Living people
Category:American billionaires
Category:American company founders
Category:San Francisco State University alumni
Category:Year of birth missing living people |
The 130th Engineer Battalion 130th EN BN is a combat engineer battalion of the Puerto Rico Army National Guard allocated to the 101st Troop Command. The 130th is one of the most decorated battalions of the Puerto Rico National Guard with two Presidential Unit Citations, one Meritorious Unit Commendation, thirty five Purple Hearts, one Silver Star Medal, twenty six Bronze Star Medals, and four hundred and sixty nine Army Commendation Medals.
History
Constituted 6 February 1959 in the Puerto Rico Army National Guard as the 126th Engineer Battalion.
Organized and Federally recognized 15 February 1959 from existing units with Headquarters in Carolina, Puerto Rico.
Redesignated 1 May 1959 as the 130th Engineer Battalion.
Location of Headquarters changed 31 December 1967 to Vega Baja.
Ordered into active Federal service 11 February 2003 at home stations; released from active Federal service 21 May 2003 and reverted to territorial control.
Ordered into active Federal service 23 July 2006 at home stations; released from active Federal service 18 January 2008 and reverted to territorial control. The 130th Eng. Bn. completed more than 1,500 combat patrol missions in Iraq, more than 44,000 miles of roads traveled and recon, 16,500 interrogations conducted, 7,300 hours expended in IED search throughout Baghdad and found and deactivated more than 280 IEDs.
Reorganized 1 September 2008 to consist of the Headquarters and the Support Company Companies A, B, C and D concurrently reorganized and redesignated as the 1013th Engineer Company, the 1014th Engineer Company, the 1011th Engineer Company, the 1010th Engineer Company and the 215th Fire Fighter Engineer Detachment, respectively hereafter separate lineages.
Structure
Executive branch of the government of Puerto Rico & National Guard Bureau & United States Department of the Army
Puerto Rico National Guard & Army National Guard
Puerto Rico Army National Guard
101st Troop Command
130th Engineer Battalion
130th EN BN Headquarters and Headquarters Company HHC
130th EN BN Forward Support Company FSC
1010th Engineer Company
1011th Engineer Company
1013th Engineer Sapper Company
1014th Engineer Sapper Company
215th Fire Fighter Engineer Detachment
Honors and awards
Unit
Individuals
References
Category:Military units and formations in Puerto Rico
130
Category:Puerto Rico Army National Guard |
Jesús Escobedo Trejo June 24, 1918 October 13, 1978 was a Mexican artist specializing in drawing and engraving, one of the founding members of the Salón de la Plástica Mexicana.
Escobedo was born in El Oro, México, moving to Mexico City to study at the Escuela de Pintura al Aire Libre under Gabriel Fernández Ledesma and at the Academy of San Carlos under Francisco Díaz de León. Escobedo was a politically motivated artist, belonging to the Liga de Escritores y Artistas Revolucionaries and the Taller de Gráfica Popular. One of his most important exhibitions was that in 1938, when he was part of a collective exhibition at the Palacio de Bellas Artes, organized by the Comité Nacional Femenino Pro-Pago de la Deuda Petrolera. In 1945, he received a Guggenheim Fellowship to create eight lithographs about the city of New York. However, much of his work was as a book illustrator, working for the Secretariat of Public Education in Mexico as well as work with several publishers in the United States. His most important work in that country was the illustration of the book Lecturas Hispanoamericanas in 1946. Escobedo died at the age of 60 of heart stoppage and was buried in the San Nicolás Tolentino cemetery in Iztapalapa, Mexico City.
References
Category:1918 births
Category:1978 deaths
Category:Mexican artists
Category:Artists from Michoacán
Category:People from Santa Clara del Cobre |
Butler Township is one of sixteen townships in Butler County, Iowa, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 1,685.
Geography
Butler Township covers an area of and contains one incorporated settlement, Clarksville. According to the USGS, it contains four cemeteries: Antioch, Lowell, Old and Old Town.
References
External links
US-Counties.com
City-Data.com
Category:Townships in Butler County, Iowa
Category:Townships in Iowa |
The 2013 Swedish Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts as part of the ATP World Tour 250 Series of the 2013 ATP World Tour and as part of the International Series on the 2013 WTA Tour. It took place in Båstad, Sweden, from July 6 through July 14, 2013 for the Men's tournament and from July 13 through July 21, 2013 for the Women's tournament. It was also known as the 2013 SkiStar Swedish Open for the Men's and the 2013 Collector Swedish Open for the Women's for sponsorship reasons. It was the 66th edition for the Men's and the 5th edition for the Women's.
ATP singles main draw entrants
Seeds
1 Rankings are as of June 24, 2013
Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
Markus Eriksson
Andreas Vinciguerra
Elias Ymer
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
Henri Laaksonen
Julian Reister
Diego Sebastián Schwartzman
Antonio Veić
The following players received entry as lucky loser:
Marius Copil
Withdrawals
Before the tournament
Simone Bolelli
Rogério Dutra da Silva
David Ferrer ankle injury
Jerzy Janowicz
Paolo Lorenzi ankle injury
Guido Pella
ATP doubles main draw entrants
Seeds
Rankings are as of June 24, 2013
Other entrants
The following pairs received wildcards into the doubles main draw:
Isak Arvidsson / Micke Kontinen
Grigor Dimitrov / Mikael Tillström
The following pair received entry as alternates:
Thiemo de Bakker / Rameez Junaid
Withdrawals
Before the tournament
Paolo Lorenzi ankle injury
WTA singles main draw entrants
Seeds
1 Rankings are as of July 8, 2013
Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
Belinda Bencic
Ellen Allgurin
Rebecca Peterson
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
Andrea Gámiz
Anastasia Grymalska
Richèl Hogenkamp
Lesley Kerkhove
Withdrawals
Before the tournament
Alexa Glatch
Kaia Kanepi
Magdaléna Rybáriková
Yaroslava Shvedova
Venus Williams
Retirements
Simona Halep back injury
WTA doubles main draw entrants
Seeds
1 Rankings are as of July 8, 2013
Other entrants
The following pairs received wildcards into the doubles main draw:
Ellen Allgurin / Rebecca Peterson
Jacqueline Cabaj Awad / Cornelia Lister
Champions
Men's singles
Carlos Berlocq def. Fernando Verdasco, 75, 61
Women's singles
Serena Williams def. Johanna Larsson, 64, 61
Men's doubles
Nicholas Monroe / Simon Stadler def. Carlos Berlocq / Albert Ramos, 62, 36, [103]
Women's doubles
Anabel Medina Garrigues / Klára Zakopalová def. Alexandra Dulgheru / Flavia Pennetta, 61, 64
References
External links
Swedish Open
Swedish Open
Category:Swedish Open
Swedish Open
Swedish Open |
Busnago is a comune municipality in the Province of Monza and Brianza in the Italian region Lombardy, located about northeast of Milan.
References
External links
Official website |
The Opiinae are a subfamily of braconid parasitoid wasps with over 1300 described species. Several species have been used in biocontrol programs against fruit flies and Agromyzidae flies. They are closely related to the Alysiinae.
Description and distribution
Opiinae are small wasps, usually under 5mm long. They are non-cyclostomes, but sometimes have the appearance of a cyclostome opening. Unlike Alysiinae, Opiinae have endodont mandibles, which open inwards. The genus Exodontiella is the one exception with exodont mandibles in the Opiinae.
Opiinae are found worldwide.
Biology
Opiinae are koinobiont endoparasitoids of cyclorrhaphus Diptera. Females oviposit into host eggs or larvae. The host is allowed to develop until it forms a puparium, at which point it is killed by the wasp larva.
References
External links
Photographs at BugGuide.net
DNA barcodes at BOLD systems
Category:Braconidae
Category:Apocrita subfamilies |
Ethan Allen Greenwood 17791856 was an American lawyer, portrait painter, and entrepreneurial museum proprietor in Boston, Massachusetts in the early 19th century. He established the New England Museum in 1818.
Biography
Greenwood was born in Hubbardston, Massachusetts to Moses Greenwood and Betsy Dunlap, May 27, 1779. He attended school at the Academy at New Salem, and the Leicester Academy. In 1806 he graduated from Dartmouth College. He also studied at West Point. Between 1801 and 1825, Greenwood produced many portraits, perhaps as many as 800 works. He utilized the physiognotrace technique. He kept a studio in Boston circa 1813 and associated with other artists, including Gilbert Stuart. He joined the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company in 1814. He married Mrs. Caroline Carter Warren of Roxbury, Massachusetts in 1829. After the deaths of his parents he built a large house on their land and he became active in the public and business affairs of Hubbardston.
Throughout his life, Greenwood kept a diary. On reviewing some of the diary entries, one scholar observed he each day recorded both the weather and the title of the book he was reading ... and occasionally noted the library from which the volume was borrowedthe Adelphi Fraternity Library, the Social Friends Library [of Dartmouth College], or the unnamed circulating library he joined in 1806. His diaries now reside in the collection of the American Antiquarian Society. Entries from 1824 capture the details of Greenwood's life as a museum director:
June 1st, 1824. A Mermaid arrived here last week & I agreed to exhibit it. Busy setting up Shark. --
2nd. Purchased some Indian Curiosities. --
3rd. Bought four figures of an Italian $4.00. --
5th. Bought four Busts of Voltaire, filling up jars of reptiles.... --
7th. Artillery Election good run of business & in the eve a 'Glorious House' $342.75. Best day since the Museum began. --
10th. Bought a young Shark.
The New England Museum enjoyed considerable popularity. Greenwood also established museum branches in Portland, Maine, and Providence, Rhode Island. However, around 18341839 he experienced financial difficulties and, as a result, his assignees conveyed the collections [of the New England Museum] to Moses Kimball. Kimball would then found the Boston Museum and Gallery of Fine Arts, a theatre and exhibit hall, featuring a portion of Greenwood's collection; Kimball sold the other portion of Greenwood's collection to a museum effort in Lowell, Massachusetts, in 1840. Greenwood died May 3, 1856 and is buried in Hubbardston.
See also
New-England Museum Boston
References
Further reading
Category:Artists from Boston
Category:19th-century American people
Category:Directors of museums in the United States
Category:American portrait painters
Category:1779 births
Category:1856 deaths
Category:Cultural history of Boston
Category:19th century in Boston
Category:People from Hubbardston, Massachusetts |
Cambeses do Rio, Donões e Mourilhe is a civil parish in the municipality of Montalegre, northern Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merger of the former parishes Cambeses do Rio, Donões and Mourilhe. The population in 2011 was 309, in an area of 45.30 km².
References
Category:Parishes of Montalegre |
ManganeseII oxide is an inorganic compound with chemical formula MnO. It forms green crystals. The compound is produced on a large scale as a component of fertilizers and food additives.
Structure, stoichiometry, reactivity
Like many monoxides, MnO adopts the rock salt structure, where cations and anions are both octahedrally coordinated. Also like many oxides, manganeseII oxide is often nonstoichiometric: its composition can vary from MnO to MnO1.045.
Below 118 K MnO is antiferromagnetic. MnO has the distinction of being one of the first compounds to have its magnetic structure determined by neutron diffraction, the report appearing in 1951. This study showed that the Mn2+ ions form a face centered cubic magnetic sub-lattice where there are ferromagnetically coupled sheets that are anti-parallel with adjacent sheets.
ManganeseII oxide undergoes the chemical reactions typical of an ionic oxide. Upon treatment with acids, it converts to the corresponding manganeseII salt and water. Oxidation of manganeseII oxide gives manganeseIII oxide.
Preparation and occurrence
MnO occurs in nature as the rare mineral manganosite. Commercially it is prepared by reduction of MnO2 with hydrogen, carbon monoxide or methane, e.g.:
MnO2 + H2 → MnO + H2O
MnO2 + CO → MnO + CO2
MnO can also be prepared by decarbonation of the carbonate:
MnCO3 → MnO + CO2
This calcining process is conducted anaerobically, lest Mn2O3 form.
An alternative route, mostly for demonstration purposes, is the oxalate method, which also applicable to the synthesis of ferrous oxide and stannous oxide. Upon heating in an oxygen-free atmosphere usually CO2, manganeseII oxalate decomposes into MnO:
MnC2O4·2H2O → MnO + CO2 + CO + 2 H2O
Applications
Together with manganese sulfate, MnO is a component of fertilizers and food additives. Many thousands of tons are consumed annually for this purpose. Other uses include: a catalyst in the manufacture of allyl alcohol, ceramics, paints, colored glass, bleaching tallow and textile printing.
References
Category:ManganeseII compounds
Category:Oxides |
In mathematics, there are many logarithmic identities.
Trivial identities
Cancelling exponentials
Logarithms and exponentials with the same base cancel each other. This is true because logarithms and exponentials are inverse operations just like multiplication and division or addition and subtraction.
Both of the above are derived from the following two equations that define a logarithm:
Substituting in the left equation gives , and substituting in the right gives . Finally, replace with .
Using simpler operations
Logarithms can be used to make calculations easier. For example, two numbers can be multiplied just by using a logarithm table and adding. The first three operations below assume , and/or so that and . Derivations also use the log definitions and .
Where , , and are positive real numbers and . Both and are real numbers.
The laws result from canceling exponentials and appropriate law of indices. Starting with the first law:
The law for powers exploits another of the laws of indices:
The law relating to quotients then follows:
Similarly, the root law is derived by rewriting the root as a reciprocal power:
Changing the base
This identity is useful to evaluate logarithms on calculators. For instance, most calculators have buttons for ln and for , but not all calculators have buttons for the logarithm of an arbitrary base.
Consider the equation
Take logarithm base of both sides:
Simplify and solve for :
Since , then
This formula has several consequences:
where is any permutation of the subscripts 1, ..., n. For example
Summation/subtraction
The following summation/subtraction rule is especially useful in probability theory when one is dealing with a sum of log-probabilities:
Note that in practice and have to be switched on the right hand side of the equations if . Also note that the subtraction identity is not defined if since the logarithm of zero is not defined. Many programming languages have a specific log1px function that calculates without underflow when is small.
More generally:
where are sorted in descending order.
Exponents
A useful identity involving exponents:
or more universally:
Other/Resulting Identities
Inequalities
Based on , and
All are accurate around , but not for large numbers.
Calculus identities
Limits
The last limit is often summarized as logarithms grow more slowly than any power or root of x.
Derivatives of logarithmic functions
Where , , and .
Integral definition
Integrals of logarithmic functions
To remember higher integrals, it's convenient to define:
Where is the nth Harmonic number.
Then,
Approximating large numbers
The identities of logarithms can be used to approximate large numbers. Note that , where a, b, and c are arbitrary constants. Suppose that one wants to approximate the 44th Mersenne prime, . To get the base-10 logarithm, we would multiply 32,582,657 by , getting . We can then get .
Similarly, factorials can be approximated by summing the logarithms of the terms.
Complex logarithm identities
The complex logarithm is the complex number analogue of the logarithm function. No single valued function on the complex plane can satisfy the normal rules for logarithms. However a multivalued function can be defined which satisfies most of the identities. It is usual to consider this as a function defined on a Riemann surface. A single valued version called the principal value of the logarithm can be defined which is discontinuous on the negative x axis and equals the multivalued version on a single branch cut.
Definitions
The convention will be used here that a capital first letter is used for the principal value of functions and the lower case version refers to the multivalued function. The single valued version of definitions and identities is always given first followed by a separate section for the multiple valued versions.
is the standard natural logarithm of the real number r.
is the principal value of the complex logarithm function and has imaginary part in the range .
is the principal value of the arg function, its value is restricted to . It can be computed using .
The multiple valued version of is a set but it is easier to write it without braces and using it in formulas follows obvious rules.
is the set of complex numbers v which satisfy
is the set of possible values of the arg function applied to z.
When k is any integer:
Constants
Principal value forms:
Multiple value forms, for any k an integer:
Summation
Principal value forms:
Multiple value forms:
Powers
A complex power of a complex number can have many possible values.
Principal value form:
Multiple value forms:
Where , are any integers:
See also
List of trigonometric identities
Exponential function
References
External links
Logarithm in Mathwords
Category:Logarithms
Category:Mathematical identities
Category:Articles containing proofs |
Debra Fox is the founder and CEO of Fox Learning Systems. She was previously a television reporter and anchor with WTAE-TV Pittsburgh 19761986.
WTAE television career
Fox was named Best Pittsburgh Newscaster seven years in a row by the Pittsburgh Tribune Review. During her ten-year television career, she was able to interview many prominent national figures such as Presidents Gerald Ford, Jimmy Carter during the Iran Hostage Crisis, Ronald Reagan, George H.W. Bush, Governor Michael Dukakis, Senator Ted Kennedy, Senator Joe Biden, Reverend Jesse Jackson, Walter Mondale and Gary Hart. She also covered the 1984 Democratic National Convention in San Francisco. After having her first child in 1986, she retired from WTAE.
The Golden Land
In 1990, Fox took over for Wolf Blitzer in PBS's series The Golden Land. This was a documentary about the history of Israel in the context of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict
Fox Learning Systems
In 1997, Debra founded Fox Learning Systems after personally experiencing problems in the long-term care industry. Using her on-camera experiences, Fox set out to produce software and educational material that makes eldercare staff training fun and exciting. Fox has started her own blog that talks about the many troubles dealing with the elder care industry
Notable appearances
2009: Seton Hill E-Magnify Build A World-Class Business Conference, Keynote Speaker
2008: Rite Aid and Fox Learning Systems team up together to launch Rite Aid Giving Care For Parents using Foxs educational video training
2008: Pittsburgh magazine featured article on Debra Fox Improving Eldercare through Education
2004: Feature article in E-Magnify a Seton Hill publication
2003: Keynote speaker for National Womens Leadership conference held in Pittsburgh
2002: Speaker at the MIT forum, Pittsburgh chapter
2000: Feature Article in the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette speaking about the focus of Fox Learning Systems.
1991: Acted as a television news reporter in the TV Movie The 10 Million Dollar Getaway
Awards
2007: Acceptance and successful completion of the National Institutes of Health Commercialization Assistance Program
2006: National Winner of the American Association of Geriatric Psychiatry's Images of Aging Communications Award
2005: Inducted into the National Association of Womens Presidents Organization
2004: Winner of the 50 Best Women in Business Award for Pennsylvania
References
External links
Fox Learning Systems Website
WTAE Website
Debra's Information
Category:Mass media in Pittsburgh
Category:Journalists from Pennsylvania
Category:Living people
Category:American women journalists
Category:Year of birth missing living people |
Leonard Stephen Hawkes 5 October 1907 3 August 1969 was Archdeacon of Lindisfarne from 1960 until his death.
Hawkes was educated at Oakham School and Emmanuel College, Cambridge. He was ordained in 1932 after studying at Ripon College Cuddesdon; and began his ecclesiastical career as a curate at St Andrew, Catford. He was Vice-Principal of Dorchester Missionary College then served a further curacy of St John Divine, Kennington. Following this he was Vice-Principal of Dorchester Missionary College then Curate of St John Divine, Kennington, 193846. He was a Chaplain to the Forces with the TA from 1939 to 1957. He was Vicar of Oxton then Rector of Bletchingley until his Archdeacons appointment
References
Category:1907 births
Category:People educated at Oakham School
Category:Alumni of Emmanuel College, Cambridge
Category:Alumni of Ripon College Cuddesdon
Category:Archdeacons of Lindisfarne
Category:1969 deaths |
Empress Myeongseong or Empress Myung-Sung 19 October 1851 8 October 1895, known informally as Queen Min, was the first official wife of Gojong, the twenty-sixth king of Joseon and the first emperor of the Korean Empire.
The government of Meiji Japan 明治政府 considered Empress Myeongseong 明成皇后 an obstacle to its overseas expansion. Efforts to remove her from the political arena, orchestrated through failed rebellions prompted by the father of King Gojong, the Heungseon Daewongun an influential regent working with the Japanese, compelled her to take a harsher stand against Japanese influence.
After Japan's victory in the First Sino-Japanese War, Joseon Korea came under the Japanese sphere of influence. The Empress advocated stronger ties between Korea and Russia in an attempt to block Japanese influence in Korea. Miura Gorō, the Japanese Minister to Korea at that time and a retired army lieutenant-general, backed the faction headed by the Daewongun, whom he considered to be more sympathetic to Japanese interests.
In the early morning of 8 October 1895, the Hullyeondae Regiment, loyal to the Daewongun, attacked the Gyeongbokgung, overpowering its Royal Guards. Hullyeondae officers, led by Lieutenant Colonel Woo Beomseon, then allowed a group of Japanese ronins, specifically recruited for this purpose to infiltrate and assassinate the Empress in the palace, under orders from Miura Gorō. The assassination of the Empress ignited outrage among other foreign powers.
Domestically, the assassination prompted anti-Japanese sentiment in Korea with the Short Hair Act Order 단발령, 斷髮令, and some Koreans created the Eulmi Righteous Army and actively set up protests nationwide. Following the Empress's assassination, Emperor Gojong and the crown prince later Emperor Sunjong of Korea fled to the Russian legation in 1896. This led to the general repeal of the Gabo Reform, which was controlled by Japanese influence. In October 1897, King Gojong returned to Gyeongungung modern-day Deoksugung. There, he proclaimed the founding of the Korean Empire.
In South Korea, there has been renewed interest in Empress Myeongseong due to popular novels, a film, a TV drama and even a musical based on her life story.
Background
End of an era
In 1863, Cheoljong of Joseon died suddenly as the result of suspected foul play by the Andong Kim clan, an aristocratic and influential clan of the 19th century. Cheoljong was childless and had not appointed an heir. The Andong Kim clan had risen to power through intermarriage with the royal House of Yi. Queen Cheorin, Cheoljong's consort and a member of the Andong Kim clan, claimed the right to choose the next king, although traditionally the most senior Queen Dowager had the official authority to select the new king. Cheoljong's cousin, Grand Royal Dowager Sinjeong, the widow of Heonjong of Joseon's father of the Pungyang Jo clan, who too had risen to prominence by intermarriage with the Yi family, currently held this title.
Queen Sinjeong saw an opportunity to advance the cause of the Pungyang Jo clan, the only true rival of the Andong Kim clan in Korean politics. As Cheoljong succumbed to his illness, the Grand Royal Dowager Queen was approached by Yi Ha-eung, a distant descendant of King Injo r.16231649, whose father was made an adoptive son of Prince Eunsin, a nephew of King Yeongjo r.17241776.
The branch that Yi Ha-eung's family belonged to was an obscure line of descendants of the Yi clan, which survived the often deadly political intrigue that frequently embroiled the Joseon court by forming no affiliation with any factions. Yi Ha-eung himself was ineligible for the throne due to a law that dictated that any possible heir had to be part of the generation after the most recent incumbent of the throne, but his second son Yi Myeongbok was a possible successor to the throne.
The Pungyang Jo clan saw that Yi Myeongbok was only 12 years old and would not be able to rule in his own name until he came of age, and that they could easily influence Yi Ha-eung, who would be acting as regent for his son. As soon as news of Cheoljong's death reached Yi Ha-eung through his intricate network of spies in the palace, he and the Pungyang Jo clan took the hereditary royal seal considered necessary for a legitimate reign to take place and aristocratic recognition to be received, effectively giving Queen Sinjeong absolute power to select the successor to the throne. By the time Cheoljong's death became a known fact, the Andong Kim clan was powerless to act according to law because the seal already lay in the hands of Grand Royal Dowager Queen Sinjeong.
In the autumn of 1864, Yi Myeongbok was crowned as King Gojong of Joseon, with his father titled Heungseon Daewongun Grand Internal Prince.
The strongly Confucian Heungseon Daewongun proved to be a capable and calculating leader in the early years of Gojong's reign. He abolished the old government institutions that had become corrupt under the rule of various clans, revised the law codes along with the household laws of the royal court and the rules of court ritual, and heavily reformed the military techniques of the royal armies. Within a few short years he was able to secure complete control of the court, and eventually receive the submission of the Pungyang Jos while successfully disposing of the last of the Andong Kims, whose corruption, he believed, was responsible for the country's decline in the 19th century.
A new queen
The future queen-consort was born into the aristocratic Min family of the Yeoheung branch on 19 October 1851 in Yeoju, Gyeonggi Province, where the clan originated.
The Yeoheung Mins were a noble clan boasting many highly positioned bureaucrats in its illustrious past, as well as two queen consorts, Queen Wongyeong, the wife of Taejong of Joseon, and Queen Inhyeon, the wife of Sukjong of Joseon.
Before her marriage, the Empress was known as the daughter of Min Chirok . While some fictional accounts call her Min Jayeong, this name has not been confirmed by historical sources. At the age of eight she had lost her father. Then, her mother, Lady Hanchang of the Yi clan , and she moved to the House of Gamgodang 감고당 and lived there until she moved to the palace and became Queen.
When Gojong reached the age of 15, his father decided it was time for him to be married. The Daewongun was diligent in his search for a queen who would serve his purposes: she must have no close relatives who would harbor political ambitions, yet come from a noble lineage so as to justify his choice to the court and the people. Candidates were rejected one by one, until both the Daewongun's wife Yeoheung Princess Consort to the Prince of the Great Court; Yeoheung Budaebuin; 여흥부대부인, 驪興府大夫人 and his mother proposed a bride from their own clan, the Yeoheung Min. The two women described the girl persuasively: she was orphaned and possessed beautiful features, a healthy body, and an ordinary level of education.
The bride underwent a strict selection process, culminating in a meeting with the Daewongun on 6 March, and a marriage ceremony on 20 March 1866. Min, barely 16, married the 15-year-old king and was invested in a ceremony 책비, chaekbi as the Queen Consort of Joseon. Two places assert claims on the marriage and ascension: both Injeong Hall 인정전 at Changdeok Palace and Norak Hall 노락당 at Unhyeon Palace. The wig typically worn by brides at royal weddings was so heavy for the slight 16-year-old bride that a tall court lady was specially assigned to support it from the back. Directly following the wedding was the three-day ceremony for the reverencing of the ancestors.
Older officials soon noticed that the new queen consort was an assertive and ambitious woman, unlike other queens preceding her. She did not participate in lavish parties, rarely commissioned extravagant fashions from the royal ateliers, and almost never hosted afternoon tea parties with the various princesses of the royal family or powerful aristocratic ladies unless politics required her to do so. While she was expected to act as an icon for Korea's high society, the queen rejected this role. Instead, she devoted time to reading books generally reserved for men such as Spring and Autumn Annals and its accompanying Zuo Zhuan, and furthered her own education in history, science, politics, philosophy, and religion.
The beginnings
Court domination
By the age of twenty, the queen consort had begun to wander outside her apartments at Changgyeong Palace and to play an active part in politics in spite of the Daewongun and various high officials, who viewed her as becoming meddlesome. The political struggle between the queen consort and the Heungseon Daewongun became public when the son she bore died prematurely four days after birth. The Heungseon Daewongun publicly accused her of being unable to bear a healthy male child, while she suspected her father-in-law of foul play through the ginseng emetic treatment he had brought her. The Daewongun then directed Gojong to conceive through a concubine, Lee Gwi-in from the Yeongbo Hall 영보당귀인 이씨, and on 16 April 1868, she gave birth to Prince Wanhwa 완화군, to whom the Daewongun gave the title of crown prince.
However, the queen consort had begun to secretly form a powerful faction against the Heungseon Daewongun, once she reached adulthood; now, with the backing of high officials, scholars, and members of her clan, she sought to remove the Heungseon Daewongun from power. Min Seung-ho, one of the queen consort's relatives, along with court scholar Choe Ik-hyeon, devised a formal impeachment of the Heungseon Daewongun to be presented to the Royal Council of Administration, arguing that Gojong, now 22, should rule in his own right. In 1872, with the approval of Gojong and the Royal Council, the Heungseon Daewongun was forced to retire to Unhyeongung, his estate at Yangju. The queen consort then banished the royal concubine along with her child to a village outside the capital, stripped of royal titles. The child soon died afterwards.
With these expulsions, the queen consort gained complete control over her court, and placed family members in high court positions. Finally, she was a queen consort who ruled along with her husband; moreover she was recognized as being distinctly more politically active than Gojong.
The Hermit Kingdom emerges
After Korean refusal to receive Japanese envoys announcing the Meiji Restoration, some Japanese aristocrats favored an immediate invasion of Korea, but the idea was quickly dropped upon the return of the Iwakura Mission on the grounds that the new Japanese government was neither politically nor fiscally stable enough to start a war. When Heungseon Daewongun was ousted from politics, Japan renewed efforts to establish ties with Korea, but the Imperial envoy arriving at Dongnae in 1873 was turned away.
The Japanese government, which sought to emulate the empires of Europe in their tradition of enforcing so-called Unequal Treaties, responded by sending the Japanese gunboat Unyō towards Busan and another warship to the Bay of Yeongheung on the pretext of surveying sea routes, meaning to pressure Korea into opening its doors. The Unyō ventured into restricted waters off Ganghwa Island, provoking an attack from Korean shore batteries. The Unyō fled but the Japanese used the incident as a pretext to force a treaty on the Korean government. In 1876 six naval vessels and an imperial Japanese envoy were sent to Ganghwa Island to enforce this command.
A majority of the royal court favored absolute isolationism, but Japan had demonstrated its willingness to use force. After numerous meetings, officials were sent to sign the Ganghwa Treaty, a treaty that had been modeled after treaties imposed on Japan by the United States. The treaty was signed on 15 February 1876, thus opening Korea to Japan and the world.
Various ports were forced to open to Japanese trade, and Japanese now had rights to buy land in designated areas. The treaty also permitted the opening of the major ports, Incheon and Wonsan to Japanese merchants. For the first few years, Japan enjoyed a near total monopoly of trade, while Korean merchants suffered serious losses.
A social revolution
In 1877, a mission headed by Kim Gi-su was commissioned by Gojong and Min to study Japanese westernization and its intentions for Korea.
In 1881 another mission, this one under Kim Hongjip went to Japan. Kim and his team were shocked at how large the Japanese cities had become. He noted that only 50 years before, Seoul and Busan of Korea were metropolitan centers of East Asia, dominant over underdeveloped Japanese cities; but now, in 1877, with Tokyo and Osaka westernized throughout the Meiji Restoration, Seoul and Busan looked like vestiges of the ancient past.
When they were in Japan, Kim met with the Chinese ambassador to Tokyo, Ho Ju-chang and the councilor Huang Tsun-hsien. They discussed the international situation of Qing China and Joseon's place in the rapidly changing world. Huang Tsu-hsien presented to Kim a book he had written called Korean Strategy.
China was no longer the hegemonic power of East Asia, and Korea no longer enjoyed military superiority over Japan. In addition, the Russian Empire began expansion into Asia. Huang advised that Korea should adopt a pro-Chinese policy, while retaining close ties with Japan for the time being. He also advised an alliance with the United States for protection against Russia. He advised opening trade relations with Western nations and adopting Western technology. He noted that China had tried but failed due to its size, but Korea was smaller than Japan. He viewed Korea as a barrier to Japanese expansion into mainland Asia. He suggested Korean youths be sent to China and Japan to study, and Western teachers of technical and scientific subjects be invited to Korea.
When Kim returned to Seoul, Queen Min took special interest in Huang's book and commissioned copies be sent out to all the ministers. She had hoped to win yangban aristocratic approval to invite Western nations into Korea, to open up trade with and keep Japan in check. She wanted to first allow Japan to help in the modernization process but towards completion of certain projects, have them be driven out by Western powers.
However, the yangban aristocracy still opposed opening the country to the West. Choi Ik-hyun, who had helped with the impeachment of Heungseon Daewongun, sided with the isolationists, saying that the Japanese were just like the Western barbarians who would spread subversive notions like Catholicism which had been a major issue during Heungseon Daewongun's reign and had been quashed by massive persecutions.
To the socially conservative yangban, Queen Min's plan meant the destruction of social order. The response to the distribution of Korean Strategy was a joint memorandum to the throne from scholars in every province of the kingdom. They stated that the ideas in the book were mere abstract theories, unrealizable in practice, and that the adoption of Western technology was not the only way to enrich the country. They demanded that the number of envoys exchanged, ships engaged in trade and articles of trade be strictly limited, and that all foreign books in Korea should be destroyed.
Despite these objections, in 1881, a large fact-finding mission was sent to Japan to stay for seventy days observing Japanese government offices, factories, military and police organizations, and business practices. They also obtained information about innovations in the Japanese government copied from the West, especially the proposed constitution.
On the basis of these reports, the Queen Consort began the reorganization of the government. Twelve new bureaus were established that dealt with foreign relations with the West, China, and Japan. Other bureaus were established to effectively deal with commerce. A bureau of the military was created to modernize weapons and techniques. Civilian departments were also established to import Western technology.
In the same year, the Queen Consort signed documents, arranging for top military students to be sent to Qing China. The Japanese quickly volunteered to supply military students with rifles and train a unit of the Korean army to use them. She agreed but reminded the Japanese that the students would still be sent to China for further education on Western military technologies.
The modernization of the military was met with opposition. The special treatment of the new training unit caused resentment among the other troops. In September 1881, a plot was uncovered to overthrow the Queen Consorts faction, depose the King, and place Heungseon Daewongun's illegitimate third son, Yi Jae-seon on the throne. The plot was frustrated by the Queen Consort but Heungseon Daewongun was kept safe from persecution because he was still the father of the King.
The insurrection of 1882
In 1882, members of the old military became resentful of the special treatment of the new units and so attacked and destroyed the house of Min Gyeom-ho, a relative of the Queen Consort, who was the administrative head of the training units. These soldiers then fled to the protection of the Heungseon Daewongun, who publicly rebuked but privately encouraged them. The Heungseon Daewongun then took control of the old units.
He ordered an attack on the administrative district of Seoul that housed the Gyeongbokgung, the diplomatic quarter, military centers, and science institutions. The soldiers attacked police stations to free comrades who had been arrested and then began ransacking private estates and mansions belonging to relatives of the Queen Consort. These units then stole rifles and began to kill Japanese training officers, and narrowly missed killing the Japanese ambassador to Seoul, who quickly escaped to Incheon. The military rebellion then headed towards the palace but both Queen Consort and the King escaped in disguise and fled to her relatives villa in Cheongju, where they remained in hiding.
Numerous supporters of the Queen Consort were put to death as soon as the Daewongun arrived and took administrative control of Gyeongbokgung Palace. He immediately dismantled the reform measures implemented by the Queen Consort and relieved the new units of their duties. Foreign policy quickly returned to isolationism, and Chinese and Japanese envoys were forced out of the capital.
Li Hongzhang, with the consent of Korean envoys in Beijing, sent 4,500 Chinese troops to restore order, as well as to secure Chinese interests in the country. The troops arrested the Heungseon Daewongun, who was then taken to China to be tried for treason. The royal couple returned and overturned all of the Daewongun's actions.
The Japanese forced King Gojong privately, without Queen Min's knowledge, to sign the Japan-Korea Treaty of 1882 on 10 August 1882, to pay 550,000 yen for lives and property that the Japanese had lost during the insurrection, and permit Japanese troops to guard the Japanese embassy in Seoul. When the Queen Consort learned of the treaty, she proposed to China a new trade agreement, granting the Chinese special privileges and rights to ports inaccessible to the Japanese. She also requested that a Chinese commander take control of the new military units and a German adviser named Paul Georg von Möllendorff to head the Maritime Customs Service.
The Mission to America
In September 1883, the Queen Consort established English language schools with American instructors. She sent a special mission in July 1883 to the United States, headed by Min Yeong-ik, one of her relatives. The mission arrived at San Francisco carrying the newly created Korean national flag, visited many American historical sites, heard lectures on American history, and attended a gala event in their honor given by the mayor of San Francisco and other U.S. officials. The mission dined with President Chester A. Arthur, and discussed the growing threat of Japanese and American investment in Korea. At the end of September, Min Yeong-ik returned to Seoul and reported to the Queen Consort,
The reformist vs. the conservatives
The Progressives were founded during the late 1870s by a group of yangban who fully supported Westernization of Joseon. However, they wanted immediate Westernization, including a complete cut-off of ties with Qing China. Unaware of their anti-Chinese sentiments, the Queen Consort granted frequent audiences and meetings with them to discuss progressivism and nationalism. They advocated for educational and social reforms, including the equality of the sexes by granting women full rights, issues that were not even acknowledged in their already Westernized neighbor of Japan. The Queen Consort was completely enamored by the Progressives in the beginning, but when she learned that they were deeply anti-Chinese, she quickly turned her back on them. Cutting ties with China immediately was not in her gradual plan of Westernization. She saw the consequences Joseon would have to face if she did not play China and Japan off by the West gradually, especially since she was a strong advocate of the Sadae faction who were pro-China and pro-gradual Westernization.
However, in 1884, the conflict between the Progressives and the Sadaes intensified. When American legation officials, particularly Naval Attaché George C. Foulk, heard about the growing problem, they were outraged and reported directly to the Queen Consort. The Americans attempted to bring the two groups to peace with each other in order to aid the Queen Consort in a peaceful transformation of Joseon into a modern nation. After all, she liked the ideas and plans of both parties. As a matter of fact, she was in support of many of the Progressive's ideas, except for severing relations with China.
However, the Progressives, fed up with the Sadaes and the growing influence of the Chinese, sought the aid of the Japanese legation guards and staged a bloody palace coup on 4 December 1884. The Progressives killed numerous high Sadaes and secured key government positions vacated by the Sadaes who had fled the capital or had been killed.
The refreshed administration began to issue various edicts in both the King and Queen Consort's names and they were eager to implement political, economic, social, and cultural reforms. However, the Empress was horrified by the bellicosity of the Progressives and refused to support their actions and declared any documents signed in her name to be null and void. After only two days of new influence over the administration, they were crushed by Chinese troops under Yuan Shih-kai's command. A handful of Progressive leaders were killed. Once again, the Japanese government saw the opportunity to extort money out of the Joseon government by forcing Gojong, again without the knowledge of his wife, to sign a treaty. The Treaty of Hanseong forced Joseon to pay a large sum of indemnity for damages inflicted on Japanese lives and property during the coup.
On 18 April 1885 the Li-Ito Agreement was made in Tianjin, China, between the Japanese and the Chinese. In it, they both agreed to pull troops out of Joseon and that either party would send troops only if their property was endangered and that each would inform the other before doing so. Both nations also agreed to pull out their military instructors to allow the newly arrived Americans to take full control of that duty. The Japanese withdrew troops from Korea, leaving a small number of legation guards, but the Queen Consort was ahead of the Japanese in their game. She summoned Chinese envoys and through persuasion, convinced them to keep 2,000 soldiers disguised as Joseon police or merchants to guard the borders from any suspicious Japanese actions and to continue to train Korean troops.
The Innovator
Education
Peace finally settled upon the once-renowned Land of the Morning Calm. With the majority of Japanese troops out of Joseon and Chinese protection readily available, the plans for further, drastic modernization were continued. Plans to establish a palace school to educate children of the elite had been in the making since 1880 but were finally executed in May 1885 with the approval of the Queen Consort. A palace school named Yugyoung Kung-won 육영공원, 育英公院, Royal English School was established, with an American missionary, Homer B. Hulbert, and three other missionaries to lead the development of the curriculum. The school had two departments, liberal education and military education. Courses were taught exclusively in English using English textbooks. However, due to low attendance, the school was closed shortly after the last English teacher, Bunker, resigned in late 1893.
The Queen Consort also gave her patronage to the first all-girls' educational institution, Ewha Academy, established in Seoul, 1886 by American missionary, Mary F. Scranton later became the Ewha University. In reality, as Louisa Rothweiler, a founding teacher of Ewha Academy observed, the school was, at its early stage, more of a place for poor girls to be fed and clothed than a place of education. This was a significant social change. The institution survives to this day as the Ewha Woman's University - one of the Republic of Korea's top private universities and still an all-girl's school.
The Protestant missionaries contributed much to the development of Western education in Joseon Korea. The Queen Consort, unlike her father-in-law, who had oppressed Christians, invited different missionaries to enter Joseon. She knew and valued their knowledge of Western history, science, and mathematics, and was aware of the advantage of having them within the nation. Unlike the Isolationists, she saw no threat to the Confucian morals of Korean society in the advent of Christianity. Religious tolerance was another one of her goals.
The press
The first newspaper to be published in Joseon was the Hanseong Sunbo, an all-Hanja newspaper. It was published as a thrice monthly official government gazette by the Bakmun-guk Publishing house, an agency of the Foreign Ministry. It included contemporary news of the day, essays and articles about Westernization, and news of further modernization of Joseon.
In January 1886, the Bakmun-guk published a new newspaper named the Hanseong Jubo The Seoul Weekly. The publication of a Korean-language newspaper was a significant development, and the paper itself played an important role as a communication media to the masses until it was abolished in 1888 under pressure from the Chinese government.
A newspaper entirely in Hangul, making no use of the Korean Hanja script, was not published again until 1894. Ganjo Sinbo The Seoul News was published as a weekly newspaper under the patronage of both Gojong and the Queen Consort, it was written half in Korean and half in Japanese.
Medicine, religion, and music
The arrival of Horace Newton Allen under invitation of the Queen Consort in September 1884 marked the formal introduction of Christianity, which spread rapidly in Joseon. He was able, with the Queen Consort's permission and official sanction, to arrange for the appointment of other missionaries as government employees. He also introduced modern medicine in Korea by establishing the first western Royal Medical Clinic of Gwanghyewon in February 1885.
In April 1885, a horde of Protestant missionaries began to flood into Joseon. The Isolationists were horrified and realized they had finally been defeated by the Queen Consort. The doors to Korea were not only open to ideas, technology, and culture but also to other religions. Having lost immense power with Heungseon Daewongun still captive in China, the Isolationists could do nothing but simply watch. Horace Grant Underwood and his wife, William B. Scranton, his wife, and his mother, Mary Scranton, made Korea their new home in May 1885. They established churches within Seoul and began to establish centers in the countrysides. Catholic missionaries arrived soon afterwards, reviving Catholicism which had witnessed massive persecution in 1866 under Heungseon Daewongun's rule.
While winning many converts, Christian missionaries made significant contributions towards the modernization of the country. Concepts of equality, human rights and freedom, and the participation of both men and women in religious activities were all new to Joseon. The Queen Consort was ecstatic at the prospect of integrating these values within the government. She had wanted the literacy rate to rise, and with the aid of Christian educational programs, it did so significantly within a matter of a few years.
Drastic changes were made to music as well. Western music theory partly displaced the traditional Eastern concepts. The Protestant missions introduced Christian hymns and other Western songs that created a strong impetus to modernize Korean ideas about music. The organ and other Western musical instruments were introduced in 1890, and a Christian hymnal was published in the Korean language in 1893 under the commission of the Queen Consort. She herself, however, never became a Christian, but remained a devout Buddhist with influences from shamanism and Confucianism; her religious beliefs would become the model, indirectly, for those of many modern Koreans, who share her belief in pluralism and religious tolerance.
Military
Modern weapons were imported from Japan and the United States in 1883. The first military factories were established and new military uniforms were created in 1884. Under joint patronage of Gojong & his Queen Consort, a request was made to the United States for more American military instructors to speed up the military modernization of Korea. Out of all the projects that were going on simultaneously, the military project took the longest.
In October 1883, American minister Lucius Foote arrived to take command of the modernization of Joseon's older army units that had not started Westernizing. In April 1888, General William McEntyre Dye and two other military instructors arrived from the United States, followed in May by a fourth instructor. They brought about rapid military development.
A new military school was created called Yeonmu Gongwon, and an officers training program began. However, despite armies becoming more and more on par with the Chinese and the Japanese, the idea of a navy was neglected. As a result, it became one of the few failures of the modernization project. Due to the neglect of developing naval defence, Joseon's long sea borders were open to invasion. It was an ironic mistake since nearly 300 years earlier, Joseon's navy was the strongest in all of East Asia. Now, the Korean navy was nothing but ancient ships that could barely defend themselves from the advanced ships of modern navies.
However, for a short while, hope for the Korean military could be seen. With rapidly growing armies, Japan itself was becoming fearful of the impact of Korean troops if her government did not interfere soon to stall the process.
Economy
Following the opening of all Korean ports to the Japanese and Western merchants in 1888, contact and involvement with outsiders increased foreign trade rapidly. In 1883, the Maritime Customs Service was established under the patronage of the Queen Consort and the supervision of Sir Robert Hart, 1st Baronet of the United Kingdom. The Maritime Customs Service administered the business of foreign trade and collection of tariffs.
By 1883, the economy was now no longer in a state of monopoly conducted by Japanese merchants as it had been only a few years ago. The majority was in control by the Koreans while portions were distributed between Western nations, Japan and China. In 1884, the first Korean commercial firms such as the Daedong and the Changdong Company emerged. The Bureau of Mint also produced a new coin called tangojeon in 1884, securing a stable Korean currency at the time. Western investment began to take hold as well in 1886.
The German A.H. Maeterns, with the aid of the United States Department of Agriculture, created a new project called American Farm on a large plot of land donated by the Queen Consort to promote modern agriculture. Farm implements, seeds, and milk cows were imported from the United States. In June 1883, the Bureau of Machines was established and steam engines were imported. However, despite the fact that Gojong and his Queen Consort brought the Korean economy to an acceptable level to the West, modern manufacturing facilities did not emerge due to a political interruption: the assassination of the Queen Consort. Be that as it may, telegraph lines between Joseon, China, and Japan were laid between 1883 and 1885, facilitating communication.
Personal life
Early years
Detailed descriptions of Min can be found in both The National Assembly Library of Korea and records kept by Lilias Underwood, a close and trusted American friend of Min who came to Korea in 1888 as a missionary and was appointed as her doctor.
Both sources describe the Empress' appearance, voice, and public manner. She was said to have had a soft face with strong featuresa classic beauty contrasting with the king's preference for sultry women. Her personal speaking voice was soft and warm, but when conducting affairs of the state, she asserted her points with strength. Her public manner was formal, and she heavily adhered to court etiquette and traditional law. Underwood described the Empress in the following:
The young queen consort and her husband were incompatible in the beginning of their marriage. Both found the other's ways repulsive; she preferred to stay in her chambers studying, while he enjoyed spending his days and nights drinking and attending banquets and royal parties. The queen, who was genuinely concerned with the affairs of the state and immersed herself in philosophy, history, and science books normally reserved for yangban men, once remarked to a close friend, He disgusts me.
Court officials noted that the queen consort was exclusive in choosing who she associated with and confided in. She chose to not consummate her marriage on her wedding night as court tradition dictated her to, but later had immense difficulty in conceiving a healthy heir. Her first pregnancy five years after marriage ended in despair and humiliation when her infant son died shortly after birth. Her second son, Sunjong, was never a healthy child, often catching illnesses and convalescing in bed for weeks. While Min was unable to truly connect with Gojong in the early years, trials during their later marriage brought them together.
Later years
Both the Gojong and his Queen began to grow affections for each other during their later years. Gojong was pressured by his advisers to take control of the government and administer his nation. However, one has to remember that Gojong was not chosen to become King because of his acumen which he lacked because he was never formally educated or because of his bloodline which was mixed with courtesan and common blood, but because the Pungyang Jo clan had falsely assumed they could control the boy through his father. When it was actually time for Gojong to assume his responsibilities of the state, he often needed the aid of his wife to conduct international and domestic affairs. In this, Gojong grew an admiration for his wife's wit, intelligence, and ability to learn quickly. As the problems of the kingdom grew bigger and bigger, Gojong relied even more on his wife, she becoming his rock during times of frustration.
During the years of modernization of Joseon, it is safe to assume that Gojong was finally in love with his wife. They began to spend much time with each other, privately and officially. They shared each other's problems, celebrated each other's joys, and felt each other's pains. They finally became husband and wife.
His affection for her was undying, and it has been noted that after the death of his Queen Consort, Gojong locked himself up in his chambers for several weeks, refusing to assume his duties. When he finally did, he lost the will to even try and signed treaty after treaty that was proposed by the Japanese, giving the Japanese immense power. When his father regained political power after the death of his daughter-in-law, he presented a proposal with the aid of certain Japanese officials to lower his daughter-in-law's status as Queen Consort all the way to commoner posthumously. Gojong, a man who had always been used by others and never used his own voice for his own causes, was noted by scholars as having said, I would rather slit my wrists and let them bleed than disgrace the woman who saved this kingdom. In an act of defiance, he refused to sign his father's and the Japanese proposal, and turned them away.
Assassination
The Empress' assassination, known in Korea as the Eulmi Incident 을미사변, 乙未事變, occurred in the early hours of 8 October 1895 at Okho-ru 옥호루, 玉壺樓 in the Geoncheonggung 건청궁, 乾淸宮, which was the rear private royal residence inside Gyeongbokgung Palace.
In the early hours of 8 October, Japanese agents under Miura Goro carried out the assassination. Miura had orchestrated this incident with Okamoto Ryūnosuke 岡本柳之助, Sugimura Fukashi 杉村 濬, Kunitomo Shigeaki 國友重章, Sase Kumatetsu 佐瀨熊鐵, Nakamura Tateo 中村楯雄, Hirayama Iwahiko 平山岩彦, and over fifty other Japanese men. Said to have collaborated in this were the pro-Japanese officers Lieutenant Colonel Woo Beom-seon 우범선, 禹範善 and Lieutenant Colonel Yi Du-hwang 이두황, 李斗璜 both battalion commanders in the Hullyeondae, a Japanese trained Regiment of the Royal Guards. The 1,000 Korean soldiers of the Hullyeondae, led by Lieutenant Colonel Woo Beom-seon and Lieutenant Colonel Yi Du-hwang had surrounded and opened the gates of the palace, allowing a group of Japanese ronin to enter the inner sanctum.
In front of Gwanghwamun, the Hullyeondae soldiers led by Woo Beom-seon battled the Korean Royal Guards led by Hong Gye-hun 홍계훈, 洪啓薰 and An Gyeong-su 안경수, 安駉壽. Hong Gye-hun and Minister Yi Gyeong-jik 이경직, 李耕稙 were subsequently killed in battle, allowing the ronin assassins to proceed to Okhoru 옥호루, 玉壺樓, within Geoncheonggung, and kill the Empress. The corpse of the Empress was then burned and buried.
Historian of Japan Peter Duus has called this assassination a hideous event, crudely conceived and brutally executed. Donald Keene, who calls the queen an arrogant and corrupt woman, says that the way in which she was murdered was nonetheless unspeakably barbaric.
Gojong's The Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty do not have a Japanese name. The names written are: Jeong Zun 2nd Battalion Officer, Lee Doo 1st Battalion Officer, Lee Chung Senior 2nd Battalion, Lee Chun Deputy Commander , Gong Yu Zhen at that time police officer.
An eye-witness account
Crown Prince Sunjong reported that he saw Korean troops led by Woo Beom-seon at the site of the assassination, and accused Woo as the Foe of Mother. In addition to his accusation, Sunjong sent two assassins to kill Woo, an effort that succeeded in Hiroshima, Japan, in 1903. By then, Woo had married a Japanese woman, and had sired Woo Jang-choon 禹長春 우장춘, later to become an acclaimed botanist and agricultural scientist.
In 2005, professor Kim Rekho 김려춘; 金麗春 of the Russian Academy of Sciences came across a written account of the incident by a Russian architect Afanasy Seredin-Sabatin Афанасий Иванович Середин-Сабатин in the Archive of Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire Архив внешней политики Российской империи; AVPRI. Seredin-Sabatin was in the service of the Korean government, working with the American general William McEntyre Dye who was also under contract to the Korean government. In April, Kim made a request to the Myongji University 명지대학교; 明知大學校 Library LG Collection to make the document public. On 11 May 2005 the document was made public.
Almost five years before the document's release in South Korea, a translated copy was in circulation in the United States, having been released by the Center for Korean Research of Columbia University on 6 October 1995 to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the Eulmi Incident.
In the account, Seredin-Sabatin recorded:
Involved parties
In Japan, 56 men were charged. All were acquitted by the Hiroshima court due to a lack of evidence.
They included
Viscount Miura Gorō, Japanese legation minister.
Okamoto Ryūnosuke 岡本柳之助, a legation official and former Japanese Army officer
Hozumi Torakurō, Kokubun Shōtarō, Hagiwara Shujiro, Japanese legation officials
Sugimura Fukashi 杉村 濬, a second Secretary of the Japanese legation
Adachi Kenzo, editor of Japanese newspaper in Korea, Kanjō Shimpō 漢城新報, also called Hanseong Shinbo in Korean
Kusunose Yukihiko, a general of Imperial Japanese Army
Kunitomo Shigeaki 國友重章, one of the original Seikyōsha Society for Political Education members
Shiba Shirō 柴四朗, private secretary to the Minister of Agriculture and Commerce of Japan, and writer who studied political economy at the Wharton School and Harvard University
Sase Kumatetsu 佐瀨熊鐵, a physician
Terasaki Yasukichi 寺崎泰吉, a medicine peddler
Nakamura Tateo 中村楯雄
Horiguchi Kumaichi 堀口 九萬一
Ieiri Kakitsu 家入嘉吉
Kikuchi Kenjō 菊池 謙讓
Hirayama Iwahiko 平山岩彦
Ogihara Hidejiro 荻原秀次郎
Kobayakawa Hideo 小早川秀雄, editor in chief of Kanjō Shimpō
Sasaki Masayuki
Isujuka Eijoh
and others.
In Korea, King Gojong declared that the following were the Eulmi Four Traitors on 11 February 1896:
Jo Hui-yeon 趙羲淵 조희연
Yoo Gil-joon 兪吉濬 유길준
Kim Hong-jip 金弘集 김홍집
Jeong Byeong-ha 鄭秉夏 정병하
Aftermath
The Gabo Reform and the assassination of Empress Myeongseong generated backlash against Japanese presence in Korea; it caused some Confucian scholars, as well as farmers, to form over 60 successive righteous armies to fight for Korean freedom on the Korean peninsula. The assassination is also credited as a significant event in the life of Syngman Rhee, the future first president of South Korea.
The assassination of Empress Myeongseong, and the subsequent backlash, played a role in the assassination of influential statesman and Prince Itō Hirobumi. Itō Hirobumi was a four-time Prime Minister of Japan, former Resident-General of Korea, and then President of the Privy Council of Japan. Empress Myeongseong's assassination was the first of 15 reasons given by the Korean-independence assassin An Jung-geun, who is regarded as a hero in Korea, in defense of his actions.
After the assassination, King Gojong and the Crown Prince later Emperor Sunjong fled for refuge to the Russian legation on 11 February 1896. Also, Gojong declared the Eulmi Four Traitors. However, In 1897, Gojong, yielding to rising pressure from both overseas and the demands of the Independence Association-led public opinion, returned to Gyeongungung modern-day Deoksugung. There, he proclaimed the founding of the Korean Empire. However, after Japan's victories in the Sino-Japanese and Russo-Japanese Wars, Korea succumbed to Japanese colonial rule in 1910.
Funeral procession and tomb
In 1897, King Gojong, with Russian support, regained his throne, and spent a fortune to have his beloved Queen Min's remains properly honored and entombed. Her mourning procession included 5,000 soldiers, 650 police, 4,000 lanterns, hundreds of scrolls honoring her, and giant wooden horses intended for her use in the afterlife. The honors King Gojong placed on Queen Min for her funeral was meant as a statement to her diplomatic and heroic endeavors for Korea against the Japanese, as well as a statement of his own undying love for her. Queen Min's recovered remains are in her tomb located in Namyangju, Gyeonggi, South Korea.
Current events
In May 2005, 84-year-old Tatsumi Kawano 川野 龍巳, the grandson of Kunitomo Shigeaki, paid his respects to Empress Myeongseong at her tomb in Namyangju, Gyeonggi, South Korea. He apologized to Empress Myeongseong's tomb on behalf of his grandfather, however, the apology was not well received as the descendants of Empress Myeongseong pointed out that the apology had to be made on a governmental level.
Since 2009, Korean organizations have been trying to sue the Japanese government for their documented complicity in the murder of Queen Min. Japan has not made an official apology or repentance 100 years after it obliterated the Korean people for 35 years through the 1910 Korea-Japan Annexation Treaty, the statement said. The lawsuit will be filed if the Japanese government does not accept their demands that the Japanese government issue a special statement on 15 August offering the emperor's apology and mentioning whether it will release related documents on the murder case.
Family
Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandfather
Min Gwang-hun Hangul: 민광훈, Hanja: 閔光勳 15951659, scholar during the reign of King Injong.
Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandmother
Lady Yi 이씨, 李氏, daughter of Yi Gwang-jeong 이광정, 李光庭.
Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandfather
Min Yu-jung 민유중, 閔維重 16301687.
Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandmother
Lady Song 송씨, 宋氏; Min Yu-jung's second wife; daughter of Song Jun-gil 송준길, 宋俊吉, Yeonguijeong during the reign of King Hyojong.
Great-Great-Great-Grandfather
Min Jin-hu 민진후, 閔鎭厚 16591720, eldest brother of Queen Inhyeon second consort of King Sukjong.
Great-Great-Grandfather
Min Ik-su 민익수, 閔浸沒 16901742.
Great-Grandfather
Min Baek-bun 민백분, 閔百奮 1723?.
Grandfather
Min Gi-hyeon 민기현, 閔耆顯 17511811.
Father
Min Chi-rok 민치록, 閔致祿 17991858.
Mother
Lady Hanchang of Yi clan 한창부 부인 이씨 본관: 한산 이씨, 이규년의 딸, Min Chi-rok's second wife.
Husband
King Gojong later Emperor Gojong.
Sons
Unnamed son born 1871.
Emperor Sunjong 25 March 1874 24 April 1926.
Unnamed son born 1875.
Unnamed son born 1878.
Daughter
Unnamed daughter born 1873.
Titles
Throughout her life, Queen Min held several titles: as a member of the yangban aristocracy, as Queen Consort, and as regent of Korea. More titles were granted to her posthumously and after the creation of the Korean Empire. This includes the name by which she is best known by today, Empress Myeongseong.
19 October 1851 20 March 1866: Lady Min, the daughter of Min Chi-rok, of the Yeoheung Min clan
Lady Min
The daughter of Min Chi-rok
20 March 1866 1 November 1873: Her Majesty, the Queen Consort of Joseon
1 November 1873 1 July 1894: Her Majesty, the Queen Regent of Joseon
1 July 1894 6 July 1895: Her Majesty, the Queen Consort of Joseon
6 July 1895 8 October 1895: Her Majesty, the Queen Regent of Joseon
The above four titles and styles were 王妃殿下 왕비전하 wangbi jeonha / 中殿媽媽 중전마마 jungjeon mama / 中宮殿媽媽 중궁전마마 junggungjeon mama applicable.
Empress Myeongseong of Korea posthumous title
Photographs and illustrations
Documents note that she was in an official royal family photograph. A royal family photograph does exist, but it was taken after her death, consisting of Gojong, Sunjong, and Sunjong's wife the Princess Consort of the Crown Prince.
Another photograph surfaces
There was a report by KBS News in 2003 that a photograph allegedly of the Empress had been disclosed to the public. The photograph was supposedly purchased for a large sum by the grandfather of Min Soo-gyeong that was to be passed down as a family treasure. In the photo, the woman is accompanied by a retinue at her rear. Some experts have stated that the woman was clearly of high-rank and her clothing appears to be that that is worn only by the royal family. However, her outfit lacked the embroideries that decorates the apparel of the empress.
Japanese illustration
On 13 January 2005, history professor Lee Tae-jin 이태진, 李泰鎭 of Seoul National University unveiled an illustration from an old Japanese magazine he had found at an antique bookstore in Tokyo. The 84th edition of the Japanese magazine Fūzokugahō 風俗畫報 published on 25 January 1895 has a Japanese illustration of Gojong and the then-Queen Consort receiving Inoue Kaoru, the Japanese chargé d'affaires. The illustration is marked 24 December 1894 and signed by the artist Ishizuka 石塚 with a legend The [Korean] King and Queen, moved by our honest advice, realize the need for resolute reform for the first time. Lee said that the depiction of the clothes and background are very detailed and suggests that it was drawn at the scene as it happened. Both the King and Inoue were looking at the then-Queen Consort as though the conversation were taking place between the Queen and Inoue with the King listening.
In popular culture
Film and television
Portrayed by Moon Geun-young, Lee Mi-yeon and Choi Myung-gil in the 2001-2002 KBS2 TV series Empress Myeongseong.
Portrayed by Soo Ae in the 2009 film The Sword With No Name.
Portrayed by Seo Yi-sook in the 2010 SBS TV series Jejungwon.
Portrayed by Ha Ji-eun in the 2014 KBS2 TV series Gunman in Joseon.
Musicals
The Last Empress musical
See also
Empress Myeongseong TV drama
The Last Empress Musical
List of Korea-related topics
History of Korea
Joseon Dynasty
Heungseon Daewongun
Emperor Gojong of the Korean Empire
Korea royal refuge at the Russian legation
Afanasy Ivanovich Seredin-Sabatin
Queen Inhyeon Myeongseong's ascendant through his father Min Chi-rok.
References
Further reading
Bird, Isabella. 1898. Korea and her Neighbours. London: Murray. OCLC 501671063. Reprinted 1987: ; OCLC 15109843
Dechler, Martina. 1999. Culture and the State in Late Choson Korea.
Duus, Peter. 1998. The Abacus and the Sword: The Japanese Penetration of Korea, 18951910. Berkeley: University of California Press. /;
Han, Young-woo, Empress Myeongseong and Korean Empire 명성황후와 대한제국2001. Hyohyeong Publishing
Hann, Woo-Keun. 1996. The History of Korea.
Keene, Donald. 2002. Emperor of Japan: Meiji and His World, 18521912. New York: Columbia University Press. ; OCLC 46731178
Lewis, James Bryant. 2003. Frontier Contact between Choson Korea and Tokugawa Japan.
MacKensie, Frederick Arthur. 1920. Korea's Fight for Freedom. Chicago: Fleming H. Revell. OCLC 3124752 Revised 2006: See also Project Gutenberg.
__________. 1908. The Tragedy of Korea. London: Hodder and Stoughton. OCLC 2008452 Reprinted 2006:
Nahm, Andrew C. 1996. A History of the Korean People: Tradition and Transformation. 1996
_________. 1997. Introduction to Korean History and Culture.
Schmid, Andre. 2002. Korea between Empires, 18951919. New York: Columbia University Press. ; ; OCLC 48618117
External links
Making of an Asian hit: A Korean royal tragedy in the Broadway style by Ricardo Saludo, Asia Week 18 December 1998
Characteristics of Queen of Corea, The New York Times, 10 November 1895.
Japanese Document Sheds New Light on Korean Queen's Murder by Yoo Seok-jae, The Chosun Ilbo 12 January 2005
Category:Joseon dynasty Buddhists
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Category:1851 births
Category:1895 deaths
Category:Murder in 1895
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Category:House of Yi
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Category:Assassinated Korean people
Category:People murdered in Korea
Category:19th-century Korean people
Category:19th-century Korean women
Category:Royal consorts of the Joseon Dynasty
Category:Yeoheung Min clan
Category:Female murder victims
Category:Violence against women in Asia |
The Siege of Scutari took place from October 28, 1912 to April 23, 1913, when the army of Kingdom of Montenegro defeated the forces of the Ottoman Empire and invaded Shkodër. According to Misha Glenny, the aspirations of Shkodër were imperialistic in nature.
Naming
The Siege of Scutari is also referred to as the Siege of Shkodër , , known in Turkish as İşkodra Müdafaası or İşkodra Savunması.
Background
In 1912, the Balkan Leagueconsisting of Serbia, Montenegro, Greece and Bulgariahad jointly declared war against the Ottoman Empire. Montenegro mobilized its troops and prepared to attack the Ottoman forces in Albania directly to the south. However, behind stood the intention to expand Montenegro at the expense of territories with an overwhelming Albanian majority. Montenegro considered itself successor of Zeta, a medieval Serb polity that played an important part in the overall development of Serbian Empire, with Skhoder as its capital. With the transition of power from the last feudal lords Balšići or Balsha to Venetians, and eventually Ottomans, who established a city as an administrative center of the region, the lost capital became a symbol of oppression for the Montenegrins. Historically, the border between the medieval Zeta and Albanian principalities was the Drin river, as pointed out by 17th century Montenegrin ruler and historiographer Vasilije and Montenegro sought to expand itself to its traditional borders. Furthermore, the region had considerable Slavic population. Many Montenegrins trace their heritage back to the region, which their ancestors abandoned after the Turkish occupation.
Newspapers
The Serb newspaper Piemont advocated the destruction of Scutari to punish it for having dared to resist.
Start of the war
On 8 October 1912 Gen. Hasan Riza Pasha announced that Montenegro had declared war on the Ottoman Empire in order to get rid of the 600 years of oppression by the Turkish foot, as the enemy claimed, and that its troops were crossing the border between Montenegro and Albania. Two hours after the news the Montenegrin troops, as expected, were approaching Scutari. Up to 70 of the Turkish army in the inner parts of the Balkans was composed of Muslim Albanian conscripts during the freedom struggle from the Ottoman Empire. At noon Hasan Riza Pasha in his headquarters gathered all his commanders and told them:
Battle
The siege started on October 28, 1912. The attack was originally carried out by the Montenegrin army under the command of Prince Danilo. However, his forces encountered stiff resistance, and the Serb army sent reinforcements to help its Montenegrin allies.
Radomir Vešović participated in the siege where he was wounded twice, showing an exemptional courage which earned him a golden Obilić Medal and nickname the knight of Brdanjolt .
The combined Turkish and Albanian defenders led by Hasan Riza Pasha and his lieutenant, Esad Pasha Toptani, resisted for seven months and managed to inflict a heavy toll on the besiegers.
Death of Hasan Riza Pasha
On January 30, 1913, Riza Pasha was ambushed and killed by Osman Bali and Mehmet Kavaja, two Albanian servants of Esad Pasha, as he left Esad's house after dining with him. Riza Pasha wanted to keep up the defense of the besieged city but Esad Pasha wanted to continue his secret negotiations with Montenegro, which were done through the counsel of Russia in Scutari. Esad Pasha's plan was to hand over Scutari to the Serbs and Montenegrins as the price for their support in his attempt to proclaim himself King of Albania. On 6 February King Nikola received delegation of chieftains from Malësia who stated that they recognize him as their suzerain and requested to join 3000 of their fighters with Montenegrin forces to capture Scutari. On 7 February they were ordered to attack in the direction JubaniDaut-agha's kulla.
Surrender
On April 21, 1913, Esad Pasha made the official proposal to surrender the city to Montenegrin Gen. Vukotic. On April 23 his proposal was accepted and he was allowed to leave the city with full military honors and with all of his troops and equipment, except heavy guns. He also received a sum of £10,000 sterling from the Montenegrin King. Essad Pasha signed the final surrender protocol with the Montenegrins Essad Pasha surrendered Scutari to Montenegro only after its destiny was decided by the Great Powers, after they forced Serbia to retreat and after it was obvious that the Great Powers would not allow Montenegro to keep Scutari. Essad Pasha was able to save many of his soldiers. At the same time he managed to get the support of Serbia and Montenegro for the new Kingdom of Albania, which would gain Scutari indirectly by the Great Powers.
Aftermath
The taking of Scutari removed the only obstacle to the Serbian advance in the remainder of Ottoman Albania. By November 1912 the country had declared independence but was yet to be recognized by anyone. The Serbian army eventually occupied most of northern and central Albania, stopping north of the town of Vlorë. It also managed to trap the remains of the Army of Vardar in what was left of Albania proper, but were not able to force them to surrender. However, when the war was over, the Great Powers did not award the city to the Kingdom of Montenegro, which was compelled to evacuate it in May 1913, in accordance with the London Conference of Ambassadors. The army's withdrawal was hastened by a small naval flotilla of British and Italian gunboats that moved up the Bojana River and across the Adriatic coastline. International peace keeping force Scutari detachment from five countries - Austria-Hungary, Great Britain, France, Italy and Germany - was deployed in the city and kept until the start of WWI. The Kingdom of Montenegro also later took Metohija, an area of Kosovo.
Atrocities
During the siege and afterwards, Serbo-Montenegrin soldiers committed numerous atrocities on the Albanian population.
International reaction
's Foreign Minister, Count Leopold Berchtold, demanded that Scutari be evacuated by the Great Powers within 48 hours.
supported Austria-Hungary and sent a part of the peace force.
supported Montenegro in its efforts to keep Scutari.
Cultural influences
Albanian novelist Ndoc Nikaj wrote an historical novel titled Shkodra e rrethueme Shkodra under siege in 1913. Bosnian Serb poet Aleksa Šantić wrote To Essad Pasha , inspired by the Siege of Scutari.
See also
Serbia in the Balkan Wars
Massacres of Albanians in the Balkan Wars
Notes
footnotes
citations
References
Somel, Selçuk Akşin, Historical dictionary of the Ottoman Empire, Scarecrow Press Inc., 2003.
Eqerem bej Vlora, Lebenserinnerungen 'Memoirs', Munich 1968, 1973.
Edith Durham, The Struggle for Scutari Turk, Slav, and Albanian, Edward Arnold, 1914
Edith Durham, Twenty Years of Balkan Tangle, Adamant Media Corporation, April 20, 2005
Further reading
Pavlović, Ž. 1926 Opsada Skadra, 1912-1913. Beograd
Ratković, B. 1975 Prvi balkanski rat 1912-1913 - operacije srpskih snaga. Beograd: Vojnoistorijski institut, knj. 2
Vojvodić, M.S. 1970 Skadarska kriza 1913. god. Beograd
Category:Battles of the First Balkan War
Category:Sieges involving Montenegro
Category:Sieges involving Serbia
Scutari
Category:1912 in Albania
Category:1913 in Albania
Category:1912 in the Ottoman Empire
Category:1913 in the Ottoman Empire
Category:Conflicts in 1913
Category:Scutari Vilayet
Category:History of Shkodër
Category:Modern history of Albania
Category:Military history of Albania |
Evans Creek Preserve is a natural area that was donated to the City of Sammamish, Washington, in 2000. The site includes portions of Evans Creek and other water features, wetlands, and meadows, as well as steep terrain. The site provides habitat for black bears, beavers, hawks, deer, and songbirds. There are nurse trees on the site, which are tree stumps that provide nutrients for new trees.
Construction of a 10-stall parking lot, restrooms, trails, and other amenities were completed in 2011 with a partnership between the City of Sammamish, the Washington Trails Association, businesses, and community organizations. Construction of additional trails occurred from 2013 through 2016.
The park has two trailheads. The older trailhead is on 224th Ave NE. The newer trailhead is located at 3650 Sahalee Way NE.
References
Category:Parks in Sammamish, Washington
Category:Parks in Redmond, Washington
Category:Nature reserves
Category:Hiking trails in the United States
Category:2000 establishments in Washington state |
The tarella shrew Crocidura tarella is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is found in Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Sources
Hutterer, R. & Kerbis Peterhans, J. 2004. Crocidura tarella. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 30 July 2007.
Category:Crocidura
Category:Mammals described in 1915
Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
Oberwil is a municipality in the district of Arlesheim in the canton of Basel-Country in Switzerland.
History
Oberwil is first mentioned around 1102-03 as Oberuuilre.
Geography
Oberwil has an area, , of . Of this area, or 44.0 is used for agricultural purposes, while or 19.5 is forested. Of the rest of the land, or 35.8 is settled buildings or roads, or 0.4 is either rivers or lakes and or 0.3 is unproductive land.
Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 1.6 of the total area while housing and buildings made up 21.7 and transportation infrastructure made up 7.4. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 1.8 of the area while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 3.3. Out of the forested land, 17.8 of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.8 is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 33.0 is used for growing crops and 8.0 is pastures, while 3.0 is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.
The municipality is located in the Arlesheim district, in the middle Leimen valley.
Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Gules, a Pallet wavy Argent, in dexter a Sword and in sinister a Key of the same.
Demographics
Oberwil has a population of . , 18.2 of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years 19972007 the population has changed at a rate of 11.6.
Most of the population speaks German 8,184 or 87.4, with English being second most common 233 or 2.5 and French being third 191 or 2.0. There are 7 people who speak Romansh.
, the gender distribution of the population was 48.7 male and 51.3 female. The population was made up of 8,466 Swiss citizens 81.2 of the population, and 1,961 non-Swiss residents 18.8 Of the population in the municipality 1,727 or about 18.4 were born in Oberwil and lived there in 2000. There were 1,457 or 15.6 who were born in the same canton, while 3,916 or 41.8 were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 1,954 or 20.9 were born outside of Switzerland.
In there were 77 live births to Swiss citizens and 15 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 53 deaths of Swiss citizens and 2 non-Swiss citizen deaths. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens increased by 24 while the foreign population increased by 13. There were 6 Swiss men who immigrated back to Switzerland and 1 Swiss woman who emigrated from Switzerland. At the same time, there were 36 non-Swiss men and 52 non-Swiss women who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 from all sources, including moves across municipal borders was a decrease of 96 and the non-Swiss population change was an increase of 125 people. This represents a population growth rate of 0.3.
The age distribution, , in Oberwil is; 705 children or 6.8 of the population are between 0 and 6 years old and 1,409 teenagers or 13.5 are between 7 and 19. Of the adult population, 966 people or 9.3 of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 1,294 people or 12.4 are between 30 and 39, 1,849 people or 17.7 are between 40 and 49, and 2,130 people or 20.4 are between 50 and 64. The senior population distribution is 1,563 people or 15.0 of the population are between 65 and 79 years old and there are 511 people or 4.9 who are over 80.
, there were 3,488 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 4,857 married individuals, 484 widows or widowers and 534 individuals who are divorced.
, there were 4,067 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.2 persons per household. There were 1,240 households that consist of only one person and 198 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 4,118 households that answered this question, 30.1 were households made up of just one person and 21 were adults who lived with their parents. Of the rest of the households, there are 1,412 married couples without children, 1,134 married couples with children There were 214 single parents with a child or children. There were 46 households that were made up unrelated people and 51 households that were made some sort of institution or another collective housing.
there were 1,630 single family homes or 73.0 of the total out of a total of 2,233 inhabited buildings. There were 397 multi-family buildings 17.8, along with 135 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing 6.0 and 71 other use buildings commercial or industrial that also had some housing 3.2. Of the single family homes 99 were built before 1919, while 212 were built between 1990 and 2000. The greatest number of single family homes 445 were built between 1971 and 1980.
there were 4,418 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was 4 rooms of which there were 1,329. There were 132 single room apartments and 1,466 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 4,008 apartments 90.7 of the total were permanently occupied, while 249 apartments 5.6 were seasonally occupied and 161 apartments 3.6 were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 2.7 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0.38.
The historical population is given in the following chart:
Politics
In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the SP which received 26.3 of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SVP 24.42 the FDP 19.11, and the CVP 10.32. In the federal election, a total of 3,498 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 48.5.
Economy
, Oberwil had an unemployment rate of 2.39. , there were 171 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 23 businesses involved in this sector. 332 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 72 businesses in this sector. 2,296 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 346 businesses in this sector. There were 4,704 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 43.9 of the workforce.
the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 2,377. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 47, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 332, of which 130 or 39.2 were in manufacturing and 202 60.8 were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 1,998. In the tertiary sector; 580 or 29.0 were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 265 or 13.3 were in the movement and storage of goods, 76 or 3.8 were in a hotel or restaurant, 61 or 3.1 were in the information industry, 57 or 2.9 were the insurance or financial industry, 177 or 8.9 were technical professionals or scientists, 194 or 9.7 were in education and 268 or 13.4 were in health care.
, there were 2,363 workers who commuted into the municipality and 3,706 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 1.6 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. About 14.5 of the workforce coming into Oberwil are coming from outside Switzerland, while 0.4 of the locals commute out of Switzerland for work. Of the working population, 31.2 used public transportation to get to work, and 40.6 used a private car.
Religion
From the , 3,206 or 34.2 were Roman Catholic, while 3,396 or 36.3 belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 125 members of an Orthodox church or about 1.34 of the population, there were 38 individuals or about 0.41 of the population who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church, and there were 213 individuals or about 2.27 of the population who belonged to another Christian church. There were 12 individuals or about 0.13 of the population who were Jewish, and 312 or about 3.33 of the population who were Islamic. There were 33 individuals who were Buddhist, 41 individuals who were Hindu and 12 individuals who belonged to another church. 1,673 or about 17.87 of the population belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 302 individuals or about 3.23 of the population did not answer the question.
Education
In Oberwil about 3,810 or 40.7 of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 1,984 or 21.2 have completed additional higher education either university or a Fachhochschule. Of the 1,984 who completed tertiary schooling, 56.1 were Swiss men, 26.2 were Swiss women, 10.2 were non-Swiss men and 7.5 were non-Swiss women. , there were 765 students in Oberwil who came from another municipality, while 346 residents attended schools outside the municipality.
Notable residents
John Mills 1848 1935 at Oberwil an English cricketer who played in one first-class cricket match in 1870
Dario Zuffi born 1964 former FC Basel player, used to live in Oberwil
Roger Federer born 1981 current world number one tennis player, moved to Wollerau, Schwyz in March 2008
References
External links
Official website
Swissinfo Article: Federer turns his back on home canton
Category:Municipalities of Basel-Landschaft |
Chinna is one of the leading art director in Indian cinema. His debut venture was Kalisi Nadudham Telugu. He started Art direction together with his guru B Anand Sai son of senior art director B.Chellam. His first movie was as Assistant Art Director for the Tamil movie Roja Malare starring Murali. Next wasSantosham followed by Enasare Asave and so on.
Then Shifted to Hyderabad for Tholiprema. Again together with his guru Anand Sai, he did Telugu movies like Tholiprema, Thamudu, Badri, Kushi and Prematho ra. While this was happening he met great producers like Burugupalli Sivarama Krishna, T. Trivikrama Rao and with their encouragement he became Art director in their movies. Kalisi NadudhamTelugu was my first movie as Art director. He also worked with his senior classmate Murthy Sreerams movie Vechi Vunta. Chinna in an interview said 'This was actually my first movie but it got released as my second movie.'
He started working on the film KHADGAM starring srikanth and sonali bindre but stopped working for the film due to unknown reasons.
He worked for almost 22 films with the tollywood Director puri jagannath ...
He also started wedding designs ...
In 2015 he designed the wedding MANDAP of PULLA RAO's Daughter marriage for which he got much appreciation and the whole Andhra Pradesh and Telangana recognition..
Filmography
This list is not a completed one.. Partial filmography is selected.
Anamika 2013
Traffic 2013
Manushulatho Jagratha 2013
Devudu Chesina Manushulu 2012
Cameraman Gangatho Rambabu 2012
Business Man 2012
Kandireega 2011
Adhinayakudu 2012
Nenu Naa Rakshasi 2011
Nagavalli 2010
Golimar 2010
Arya 2 2009
Ek Niranjan 2009
Bumper Offer 2009
Anjaneyulu 2009
Ride 2009
Wanted Hindi 2009
Konchem Ishtam Konchem Kashtam 2009
Neninthe 2008
Chintakayala Ravi 2008
Bujjigaadu: Made in Chennai 2008
Desamuduru 2007
Chirutha 2007
Yogi 2007
Hello premistara 2007
Pokiri 2006
Happy 2006
Lakshmi Songs 2006
Super 2005
Intlo Srimathi Veedhilo Kumari 2004
143 2004
Shart: The Challenge 2004
Andhrawala 2004
Thoda Tum Badlo Thoda Hum 2004
Shivamani 2003
Tarak 2003
Amma Nanna O Tamila Ammayi 2003
Pellam Oorelithe 2003
Aaduthu paaduthu 2002
Anandam 2001
Vechivunta 2001
Kalisi Naduddam
Controversy
Art director chinna's best industry friend and tollywood director Puri Jagannath were split during the allu arjun starrer IDDARAMMAYILATHO. The reasons were given why they both split up in spite of their best friendship but the industry people are saying they were not true and the reason is unknown.
Awards
Only few awards are considered ...
Chinna won 10-15 other awards ...
Best art Director for the movie NAGAVALLI in 2010
Best art director for the movie Pokiri
External links
http://www.Artchinna.com
Category:Indian art directors
Category:Living people
Category:Year of birth missing living people |
Jan Hulsker 2 October 1907, The Hague 9 November 2002, Vancouver was a Dutch art historian especially noted for his work on Vincent van Gogh. He studied Dutch literature in Leiden and was promoted with a thesis on the author Aart van der Leeuw. In 1953, he was appointed to the Ministerie van Cultuur, Recreatie en Maatschappelijk werk, in charge of the art department. In 1959, he became general director in charge of culture at large directeur-generaal voor culturele zaken. The establishment of the Vincent van Gogh Foundation and the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam were among his major tasks.
From the 1950s, Hulsker contributed to Van Gogh research, concentrating on the dating of Van Gogh's correspondence. In 1973, Hulsker's most important study was published, Van Gogh door Van Gogh, which has not been translated from the Dutch.
He is the author of an acknowledged catalogue raisonné of Van Gogh's work, published in 1978, revised in 1989 and again in 1996. His catalogue numbers are preceded by a 'JH': thus JH1731 refers to the 1889 oil painting The Starry Night previously catalogued by Jacob Baart de la Faille as F612.
In the 1980s, Hulsker left the Netherlands and settled in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, where he died in 2002.
Books
Hulsker, Jan. Vincent and Theo van Gogh; A dual biography. Ann Arbor: Fuller Publications, 1990.
Hulsker, Jan. The Complete Van Gogh. Oxford: Phaidon, 1980. .
References
Sources
Short biography
Category:1907 births
Category:2002 deaths
Category:Dutch art historians
Category:People from The Hague
Category:Vincent van Gogh scholars
Category:20th-century Dutch painters
Category:Dutch male painters |
We Sammarinese , NS is a centrist political party in San Marino.
In the 2006 general election NS won 2.5 and 1 out of 60 seats and stood in opposition to the 2006-2008 governing coalition of the Party of Socialists and Democrats, Popular Alliance and United Left.
In the 2008 general election the party participated within the Freedom List that won 1,317 votes 6.28 and got 4 seats. At time, the Freedom List was part of the centre-right Pact for San Marino coalition. The electoral coalition won 35 seats out of 60 in the Grand and General Council in the 2008 Sammarinese parliamentary election gaining 54.22 of the national vote and a governmental majority of 5, becoming the new government of San Marino. As a result, Noi Sammarinesi which itself gained a few seats and a small percentage of the national vote as part of the coalition and as part of the Freedom List.
In 2011 the Pact for San Marino government collapsed, causing the disbandment of its component lists. We Sanmarinese, now a fully free party, decided to accept a federative pact with the Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party, entering into a new government of national unity. NS run in the Sanmarinese election of 2012 as party of the ultimately victorious PDCS.
In 2013 the party opposed joining the EU in the 2013 Sammarinese referendum.
References
External links
Official website
Category:Political parties in San Marino |
Kościanka German: Hansfelde is a former settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Tychowo, within Białogard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately east of Tychowo, east of Białogard, and north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.
See also
History of Pomerania
References
Category:Villages in Białogard County |
Adele Williams February 24, 1868 1952 was an American artist who was one of the earliest Impressionist painters in Virginia.
Biography
Adele Williams was born in Richmond, Virginia, the daughter of John H. Williams. Graduating high school at the age of 15, she went to New York in 1886 to study at the Woman's Art School of Cooper Union and the Art Students' League. She also studied at the Académie Julian in Paris, where she won the Prix Concours medal.
Williams worked in oil, watercolor, pastel, and mezzotint, painting landscapes, still lifes, and harbor and street scenes in an Impressionist style. She exhibited work at the Paris Salon during her stay in France, and after her return to the United States she showed at the American Watercolor Society, the Art Club of Philadelphia, and elsewhere. A number of her portraits are cataloged by the Catalogue of American Portraits at the National Portrait Gallery, including a 1902 self-portrait and a 1903 portrait of Ellen Axson Wilson, the first wife of President Woodrow Wilson. Her portrait of judge John W. Riely hangs in the Virginia Supreme Court, and her portrait of Commodore Matthew Fontaine Maury is owned by the University of Virginia.
References
Category:1868 births
Category:1952 deaths
Category:American Impressionist painters
Category:American women painters
Category:Impressionist painters
Category:Painters from Virginia
Category:Artists from Richmond, Virginia
Category:20th-century American painters
Category:20th-century American women artists
Category:Cooper Union alumni
Category:Art Students League of New York alumni
Category:Alumni of the Académie Julian
Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from A Woman of the Century |
Pilot is the first episode of the TV series, Psych. It originally aired on USA Network on July 7, 2006.
Plot
Shawn Spencer James Roday has never kept a job for more than 6 months. He helps the Santa Barbara Police Department prove a man guilty, using his keen powers of observation and his near perfect photographic memory he obtained as a kid. Detective Carlton Lassiter Timothy Omundson takes Shawn into questioning, and Shawn claims to have obtained the information psychically. The police let him go with no proof to disprove the claim. On his way out, Shawn is asked for help by Chief Karen Vick on a high-profile kidnapping case. The investigation into the kidnapping of Camden McCallum, sole male heir to the McCallum fortune, is stalled. She believes Shawn's psychic powers can help solve the case. Shawn takes advantage of this, realizing a new career has just fallen into his lap.
He visits his childhood friend Burton Gus Guster Dulé Hill, a pharmaceutical representative. Shawn decides to get Gus involved. Gus is reluctant, but eventually gets involved with the McCallum case. Shawn and Gus find out that about 18 months before, Camden had straightened up his usual party boy act. They learn Camden never did anything without his dog, and he disappeared from a park along with the dog. Shawn realizes Camden wasn't kidnapped, he disappeared. Exactly 18 months before, Mr. McCallum threatened to cut Camden out of the inheritance if he didn't straighten up. Camden also stopped hanging around with his close friend, Malcolm Orso. Camden and Malcolm were planning a ransom.
Shawn and Gus check out Orso's cabin, where they find Camden's missing dog. Shawn goes back to the cops to convince them he had a psychic vision of Orso's cabin. The police go inside the cabin and find both Camden and Orso dead in an apparent suicide murder situation. Shawn takes a quick look at the room, and he is not convinced. Especially because Mr. McCallum had a cut on his wrist that could be a dog bite. Shawn visits his estranged father, Henry Corbin Bernsen. Henry says Shawn's powers are getting soft and he's trusting people he shouldn't be. Shawn then suspects Camden's sister, Katarina.
Katarina wasn't involved, but her bag was. At one time it had to have carried the money. One of the McCallums tried to pay the ransom, but something must have gone wrong. Shawn and Gus confirm that it was Mr. McCallum that tried to make the ransom. McCallum sees Camden inside. During an argument, Camden fell and hit his head. He bled to death. Orso enters and McCallum has no choice but to shoot him, cover his tracks and make it look like Orso murdered Camden then committed suicide. On his way out, McCallum was bitten by Camden's angry dog. Shawn proves himself to the police by explaining and proving a vision of dog bite medication in McCallum's medicine cabinet that Gus actually saw when he was going to the bathroom. McCallum is arrested. Shawn and Gus have solved their first case and open their own private detective agency, Psych.
Production
Conception and development
After successfully pitching the film Big Daddy to the production company Columbia Pictures, the film's writer, Steve Franks was requested by Columbia to pitch them ideas for five new television programs. Among the ideas Franks pitched was the original outline for Psych. Columbia Pictures felt that the idea for the show was completely ridiculous, so Franks forgot about it. A few years afterwards, Steve Franks met with producer Kelly Kulchak, asking her to help him with creating a one-hour-long TV series. Kulchak agreed, and Franks presented the original idea he had for Psych, which Kulchak considered to be brilliant.
Franks and Kulchak pitched the idea to numerous TV networks, including the Big Three. Kulchak stated that it was a great pitch and that everybody laughed, but no one wanted to buy it. Kulchak attributed this due to the show's comedydrama format, which was virtually unused at the time. The show's producers stated that Psych's comedy-drama format is based on the former TV series' Moonlighting and Remington Steele, of which creator Steve Franks was a longtime fan. The final network Franks and Kulchak pitched the show to was USA Network. The network loved the concept, and decided to produce the show. However, the network brought in other writers to help with the show, which Steve Franks was unhappy about, as he originally intended to make the show entirely himself.
USA Network first announced their potential broadcasting of Psych on June 17, 2005. The network stated that they had requested a pilot episode of the series, to be managed by Tagline Productions. The original working name for the series was Psyche. By August 30, James Roday and Dulé Hill had been cast to play the show's main characters. It was also announced that the production for the show's pilot episode would begin shortly, and the episode would likely air in 2006. On January 5, 2006, USA announced the Psyche would be competing against In Plain Sight, written by David Maples, and Underfunded, written by David Breckman, for air time and broadcasting slots. Later in January, the network confirmed that the pilot episode for the show would air later that year. They also announced that the show's name had changed to Psych. On February 21, 2006, USA Network announced that it had ordered eleven one-hour episode scripts for Psych. They confirmed that the show would take Monk's 10 p.m. EST Friday night time slot, and that the pilot episode, planned to be two hours in length, would be broadcast on July 7. The network also revealed that Corbin Bernsen had been cast as another of the show's major characters. The network released, on April 27, that filming for the pilot episode, which had been cut to 90 minutes in length, had begun in Vancouver, British Columbia. In addition, USA Network announced that Timothy Omundson and Kirsten Nelson would have starring roles in the episode.
Writing
The episode was written by Steve Franks, who reused much material from the original pitch to USA Network. The pitch focused on a man who would call in crime-solving tips to the Santa Barbara Police Department through his photographic memory and uncanny ability to notice details. It followed him as he was arrested by the police, talked his way out of jail, and solved a crime for the police department. The plot of the show was later changed to Shawn's fake psychic ability by the producers. The show's introductory flashback to young Shawn was adapted from the pitch, in which it was located in the middle of the installment. The use of an introductory flashback has been used in almost all following episodes. Among other scenes added to the episode was a confrontation between Shawn and Henry at a barbecue restaurant, which was added by Corbin Bernsen, and the episode's conclusion, again a confrontation between Shawn and Henry. In addition, much time was spent revising the scene of the arrest of Mr. McCallum.
Large portions of the installment's dialogue were improvisations made by James Roday. Creator Steve Franks stated that everything funny that you heard is something I wrote. I wrote everything that gets a laugh, and everything that fills the time until the next scene is all James. Several of Roday's improvisations have become reoccurring themes on the show; Shawn's unusual and spastic psychic episodes were added by Roday, and was kept by the producers, who loved the idea. Another major theme that was created through Roday's improvising was the inclusion of food in every episode. This was established when Roday ate pretzels while talking to Gus for the first time in the episode. Also, the inclusion of a pineapple in nearly every episode was established through an improvised scene during the pilot. In addition, large amounts of dialogue were removed in favor of using visual elements and facial expressions.
Several scenes were deleted from the episode, generally because the producers felt they were not necessary. A short scene about Chief Vick's pregnancy was removed from the installment because it was deemed to be irrelevant to the episode's plot. Mention of the chief's pregnancy was not made until it was time for her to give birth. A scene about Shawn hooking up with Katarina and then gathering evidence from her was removed from the episode, as well as several smaller scenes.
Filming
Creator Steve Franks wanted to set Psych in a city that reflected the show's personality. Franks knew that he did not want the show to be set in a big city atmosphere. While developing Psych, Franks visited Santa Barbara while on his honeymoon. He felt that Santa Barbara was the perfect place to set the show, but that they would be unable to film the show there. Executive producer Mel Damski commented the filming of the show, that We wanted to set and film it in Santa Barbara, but the area doesnt really have enough crewmembers. After the show was approved, Franks began looking for places to film, settling for Vancouver, British Columbia. He felt that Vancouver was the next best location to Santa Barbara.
Although Franks chose to film the show in Vancouver, most of the show is filmed in the surrounding communities. Approximately 40 of the pilot was filmed in the Vancouver suburb of White Rock, including most scenes focusing on coastal areas. Several other scenes were filmed in regional mountains. The entire episode was filmed in real-life locations, instead of the sets used for every episode since. The show had to use real locations due to uncertainty on whether the show would succeed. Not being able to use a stage for filming created several issues in the episode.
The installment's opening flashback was filmed at a Vancouver diner. The small dimensions of the diner forced the filming crew to alter the angle of the scene. The entire episode was filmed during November and December, and cold temperatures affected filming. Producers commented on how the temperature was usually between 1°C and 4 °C 33.8°F39.2 °F. Most scenes involving the Santa Barbara police department were filmed in a working youth hostel, HI Vancouver Jericho Beach, which was earlier used as an army barracks. However, one scene was filmed in a haunted insane asylum, which later inspired the first-season finale Scary Sherry: Bianca's Toast. Rain also tampered with filming of the episode. Several outdoor scenes in the episode were filmed in heavy rain, and forced the crew to use tarps and additional sound equipment.
Due to environmental differences between Santa Barbara and Vancouver, the crew had to use several different props to make the installment seem believable. The producers brought in fake palm trees, surfboards, and Southern California newspapers in order to make White Rock seem like Santa Barbara. Producers commented on how they made many mistakes in writing the episode. Steve Franks acknowledged that within the first 6 seconds of the show, we made a mistake. The installment's murder scene was considered by the producers to be the most gruesome thing we've ever done on the show.
Reception
IGN gave the episode a favorable review, saying that although the 90-minute episode drags on a bit longer than it needs to it certainly has the makings of a fun and diverting series. Richard Keller of TVSquad.com had a few issues with the first episodes such as the location and the underutilization of Dule Hill, other than that he stated that the show's concept works well; even better than Monk in many respects. On other hand, Peoples Tom Gliatto declared Unlike Monk, a gently comic character coping with mental illness, Roday's just an overgrown kid. Who needs him?
References
Footnotes
Bibliography
Category:Psych episodes
Category:2006 American television episodes
Psych |
Knowbury is a small village near Ludlow in Shropshire, England. It is located in the civil parish of Caynham.
It is near to Clee Hill Village and had a part-time Post Office - now closed.
There were two adjacent public houses in the village, on Hope Bagot Lane - the Penny Black, and the Bennett's End. The Penny Black is now closed, though the Bennett's End continues to be a pub.
The Elan aqueduct passes through the area and crosses the Colly Brook valley including Cumberley Lane on the impressive Bennett's End Aqueduct.
See also
Listed buildings in Caynham
References
External links
Category:Villages in Shropshire |
Black Rock is a novel by Steve Harris published by Victor Gollancz in 1996.
Plot summary
Black Rock features a haunted house near Tintagel on the north coast of Cornwall.
Reception
Jonathan Palmer reviewed Black Rock for Arcane magazine, rating it a 7 out of 10 overall. Palmer comments that Black Rock is not a masterpiece; the characters flatten out as the plot develops and I lost interest in their fate; but it is a good book. When Steve Harris masters combining good plots with convincing characterisation, he'll write some better books. He just hasn't quite perfected his craft yet.
Reviews
Review by Sebastian Phillips 1996 in Vector 190
References
Category:1996 novels |
Live in the Heart of Helsinki is the first live album and video by Swedish melodic death metal band Soilwork. It was recorded live on March 21, 2014 at the Circus in Helsinki, Finland. The DVD was produced by Jouni Markkanen, directed by Ville Lipiäinen and mixed by Kimmo Ahola. It was released in 2CD+DVD and 2CD+BD formats.
Background
Band frontman Björn Speed Strid commented on the release saying: There could've not been a better time than now, with 10 albums out and a very varied back catalogue to choose from. Our line up now is 50 original members and 50 fresh blood, which makes it all more interesting. Especially since the newest members have brought so much to our sound and have continued to inspire us to write new and exciting music and also brought a new found energy on stage. Now is definitely the time to see us. Trust me.
Bonus features on the DVD/BD include two documentaries Spectrum of Eternity: A Brief History of Soilwork and Behind the Scenes of the Living Infinite and four drumcam videos.
Track listing
Personnel
Björn Strid vocals
David Andersson guitar
Sylvain Coudret guitar
Sven Karlsson keyboards
Ola Flink bass, Backing Vocals
Dirk Verbeuren drums
References
Category:2014 live albums
Category:Soilwork albums |
AGH University of Science and Technology Polish Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica is a technical university in Poland, located in Kraków. The university was established in 1919, and was formerly known as the University of Mining and Metallurgy. It has 15 faculties and one school, which will become a faculty in the near future.
History
At the conference of the Polish miners and metallurgists held in Kraków on 24 February 1912, a resolution was passed indicating the need for the university of mining. A campaign of support was started in the Parliament of Austria-Hungary. The Ministry of Public Works agreed to the founding of the Academy in 1912, in April 1913 the Organizing Committee was appointed and on 31 May 1913 the Academy of Mining was officially established. The building site was chosen and the competition for the architectural designs announced.
The Academy opened on 1 October 1919 in the sovereign Polish Second Republic. Initially 80 students began their education at the newly formed Faculty. The Faculty of Metallurgy was added in 1922. In 1939 the Academy had approximately 600 students and 30 professors.
Between 1919 and 1939 a total of 797 mining and metallurgy engineers graduated from the Academy, and about 100 foreign diplomas were officially recognized. The graduates took up senior posts in the Polish industry, particularly in Upper Silesia and other industrial centres.
At the onset of World War II, during Sonderaktion Krakau, 22 Academy professors and assistant professors were arrested by the German authorities and sent to the Sachsenhausen concentration camp. The main building was used by the German government of the occupied Polish territory. Part of the Academy however, retained its status and became the centre for underground teaching, vital for the Academy's future.
After the war, a group of professors, staff members and students reclaimed the ruined main building of the Academy and more than 500 students began their courses. In 1946 new faculties were opened: the Faculty of Geology and Surveying, and the Faculty of Ceramics, broadening the Academy's programme. In 1949 the Academy was renamed as the Academy later University of Mining and Metallurgy.
Under Stalinism and until 1956 the Academy enjoyed certain freedoms with its authorities still elected. Afterwards, the autonomy and elections were suspended for more than 10 years. In 1969 the university was named the Stanisław Staszic Academy of Mining and Metallurgy. The number of students went up from 2,000 to 13,000 in the period from 1950 to 1979.
During the 80-year period except for the war years, 73,085 students graduated from the University with master's or engineer's degrees. 3,607 persons were granted the degree of Doctor of Science, 896 successfully completed postdoctoral qualifications of Habilitated Doctor. The AGH-UST researchers published nearly 60,000 papers and books.
Faculties
Faculty of Mining and Geoengineering
Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatics, Computer Science and Engineering in Biomedicine
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics
Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection
Faculty of Mining Surveying and Environmental Engineering
Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics
Faculty of Foundry Engineering
Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals
Faculty of Drilling, Oil and Gas
Faculty of Management
Faculty of Fuels and Energy
Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science
Faculty of Applied Mathematics
Faculty of Humanities
Faculty of Computer Science, Electronics and Telecommunications
Rankings
In the most recognized Polish university ranking conducted by Rzeczpospolita and educational magazine Perspektywy in 2019, AGH was selected as the fourth best university in Poland and the second best technical one.
In a survey conducted by the Polish edition of Newsweek in 2007, AGH University of Science and Technology was selected as the third best technical university in Poland and the fourth best among all Polish universities.
The ambition of the University is to enable its students to gain knowledge at the mean level, recognized in Poland. For this purpose, the following steps have been introduced: intensified learning of foreign languages, integrated studies with a double diploma AGH and a university abroad, a possibility of holding practical training abroad, and individual tailoring of syllabuses.
In 2019, the Academic Ranking of World Universities AWRU placed the university within the 601700 band globally.
Notable alumni
Andrzej Czerwiński b. 1954, politician
Adam Dziewonski 19362016, Polish-American geophysicist, Professor at Harvard University
Aleksander Grad b. 1962, politician, former Minister of State Treasury
Janusz Filipiak b. 1952, computer scientist, businessman, founder of Comarch
Andrzej Jajszczyk b. 1952, scientist, academic
Wladyslaw Lizon b. 1954, Canadian politician, member of the House of Commons of Canada
Jerzy Miller b. 1952, politician, former Minister of Interior Affairs of Poland
Jacek Rutkowski 19342016, geologist
Marek Siwiec b. 1955, politician, member of the European Parliament, former Chief of the Polish National Security Bureau
Piotr Uszok b. 1955, politician, former Mayor of Katowice
Herbert Wirth b. 1956, engineer, geologist, former CEO of KGHM Company
Wiktor Zin 19252007, architect, graphic artist
Mariusz Ziółko 1946, mathematician, engineer
Notes and references
External links
AGH University of Science and Technology, homepage
Category:Educational institutions established in 1919
Category:1919 establishments in Poland |
William Augustus 'Bill' Bateman 11 September 1866 27 July 1935 was a businessman, an Australian sportsman who played first-class cricket for Western Australia and Australian rules football in the Western Australian Football Association WAFA. He was the captain of the Swans Football Club - the first Australian Rules Football team in Western Australia. He came from one of the founding families of Western Australia and his grandson Alan Bateman created the TV soap Home and Away.
Life
Bateman was born in Fremantle in 1866. He worked for J & W Bateman which was a general supply company created by his father John Bateman 18241909 and his uncle, Walter Bateman, six years before this Bateman was born. Bateman was descended from John Bateman 17891855 who had been here in 1830 only a year after the colony was founded.
Bateman took a leading role in establishing Australian rules football in Western Australia. A key meeting was held at Flindells Hotel in Fremantle in 1883 when a new football club was formed with Bateman as captain to play the Australian game. On 30 March 1883 the Swans Football Club was formed which had to organise games where possible as there was no league at that time.
Although educated at Prince Alfred College in Adelaide, Bateman played his two first-class matches for Western Australia, debuting against his former state at the Adelaide Oval in March 1893. He dismissed opener Alfred Wilkinson for 12 and bowled future Test player Clem Hill for a duck with the ball and was then his team's second top run scorer in their first innings with 20 before Ernie Jones trapped him leg before wicket. Western Australia followed on and Bateman was dismissed for just one in the second innings. A few days later he appeared again in a match against Victoria at the Melbourne Cricket Ground. He struggled to have an impact as he failed to take a wicket and scored a duck in his only innings. Bateman didn't get an opportunity in the second innings as he was absent hurt.
Bateman became an influential Australian rules football identity in Western Australia. He spent 10 seasons in the WAFA, playing in an unprecedented eight premierships. As their inaugural captain, Bateman started out at the original Fremantle Football Club in 1885. Two years later they disbanded and he moved to the Unions Football Club, who found themselves taken over by Fremantle in 1890.
Bateman married and had five children. He died on Saturday 27 July 1935 at his home in Bulls Creek in Perth. He was inducted as one of the initial members of the West Australian Football Hall of Fame in 2004. Bateman's grandson Alan Bateman was a TV executive who started the TV soap Home and Away.
See also
List of Western Australia first-class cricketers
References
External links
Cricinfo: William Bateman
Category:1866 births
Category:1935 deaths
Category:Australian cricketers
Category:Western Australia cricketers
Category:Cricketers from Western Australia
Category:Australian rules footballers from Western Australia
Category:Fremantle Football Club 18821886 players
Category:West Australian Football Hall of Fame inductees
Category:People from Fremantle
Category:People educated at Prince Alfred College |
Robyn Ainsworth born Robyn Perry in 1975 was a 12-year-old schoolgirl and figure skater who lit the Olympic Flame in the opening ceremony for the 1988 Winter Olympics.
Biography
On Feb. 13, 1988, she was the final runner in the Olympic torch relay and was chosen to ignite the giant cauldron at McMahon Stadium, kicking off the Calgary Winter Olympics. Downhill skier Ken Read and speed skater Cathy Priestner handed off the torch to her. During the ascent, Perry had to yell to one of the athletes to get out of her way.
In an interview with the 2010 Winter Olympics website, Perry stated that she had many amazing experiences because of this. Perry now directs We Care Home Health Services in North Calgary.
References
External links
Category:1976 births
Category:Living people
Category:Olympic cauldron lighters
Category:People from Calgary |
Marcus Antonius Polemon Pythodoros, also known as Polemon II of Pontus and Polemon of Cilicia ; 12 BC/11 BC74 was a prince of the Bosporan, Pontus, Cilicia and Cappadocia. He served as a Roman Client King of Pontus, Colchis and Cilicia.
Polemon II was the second son and middle child of the Pontic Rulers Polemon Pythodoros and Pythodorida of Pontus. His eldest brother was Zenon, also known as Artaxias III, who was Roman Client King of Armenia and his youngest sister was Antonia Tryphaena, who was married to Cotys VIII, King of Thrace.
Family
The Pontic royal family was of mixed Anatolian Greek and Roman origin. His paternal grandmother is unknown; however his paternal grandmother could have been named Tryphaena, while his paternal grandfather was Zenon, a prominent orator and aristocrat, who was an ally to Roman Triumvir Mark Antony. His maternal grandparents were Pythodoros of Tralles, a wealthy Greek and friend of Pompey, and Antonia. Polemon II was the namesake of his parents and his maternal grandparents.
Through his maternal grandmother he was a direct descendant of Mark Antony and his second wife Antonia Hybrida Minor. Antony and Antonia Hybrida were first paternal cousins. He was Antony's second born great grandson and great grandchild. Polemon II is the only known male descendant of Mark Antony that carries his name. The other male descendant of Mark Antony who carries a form of his name Antonius was the consul Quintus Haterius Antoninus. Through Antony, his great maternal aunt was Queen Cleopatra Selene II of Mauretania. Through Antony, he was a distant cousin to Roman Client King Ptolemy of Mauretania and the princesses named Drusilla of Mauretania. Through Antony, he was also a distant cousin to Roman emperors Caligula, Claudius and Nero and Roman empresses Valeria Messalina, Agrippina the Younger and Claudia Octavia.
Reign
Polemon II's father died in 8 BC. His mother then married King Archelaus of Cappadocia, and the family had moved to Cappadocia, where Polemon II was raised, along with his siblings, at the court of his stepfather. Archelaus died in 17, whereupon Polemon II and his mother moved back to Pontus. From 17 until 38, Polemon II lived as a private citizen in Pontus and assisted his mother in the administration of their realm. When his mother died in 38, Polemon II succeeded his mother as the sole ruler of Pontus, Colchis and Cilicia.
According to an honorary inscription at Cyzicus in 38, Polemon II participated in celebrating the local games in the city, honoring Julia Drusilla, the late sister of Caligula; in this way Polemon II expressed his loyalty to the emperor and the Roman state. Polemon II with another Roman Client King Antiochus IV of Commagene, held athletic games in honor of Claudius in Cilicia in 47. Antiochus IV with Polemon II had showed favor towards Claudius in which they offered significant services to him.
Marriages
Around 50, Polemon II was attracted to the wealth and beauty of the Judean princess Julia Berenice, whom he had met in Tiberias during a visit to King Herod Agrippa I. Berenice in turn wanted to marry Polemon II to end rumors that she and her brother were committing incest. Berenice was previously widowed in 48 when her second husband, her paternal uncle Herod of Chalcis, died. She had two sons by him, Berenicianus and Hyrcanus. Berenice however set the condition that Polemon II had to convert to Judaism, which included undergoing the rite of circumcision, before marriage. Polemon II assented, and the marriage went ahead. It did not last long however, and Berenice left Pontus with her sons and returned to the court of her brother. Polemon II abandoned Judaism and, according to the legend of Bartholomew the Apostle, he accepted Christianity, but only to become a pagan again.
At an unknown date perhaps after the early 50s, Polemon II married a princess called Julia Mamaea who was from the Syrian Roman Client Emesene Kingdom. Mamaea was of Assyrian, Armenian, Greek and Median ancestry. Polemon II married Mamaea as his second wife and the circumstances that lead Polemon II to marry her are unknown. Through Mamaea's marriage to him, she became a Roman Client Queen of Pontus, Colchis and Cilicia.
The relationship between Polemon II and Mamaea is unknown. Mamaea marrying Polemon II is only known through surviving evidence. Her name and identity is revealed from surviving bronze coinage. Surviving coinage that was issued from Polemon II and Mamaea is extremely rare, as only three specimens are known. On surviving coinage, shows her royal title in Greek ΙΟΥΛΙΑΣ ΜΑΜΑΙΑΣ ΒΑΣΙΛΙΣΣΗΣ of Julia Mamaea the Queen or ΒΑΣΙΛΙΣΣΗΣ ΙΟΥΛΙΑΣ ΜΑΜΑΙΑΣ of Queen Julia Mamaea. These coins can be dated from the second half of Polemon II's reign from 60 until 74. She bore Polemon II two sons who were Polemon and Rhoemetalces. Her sons that she bore to Polemon II are known from a restored surviving inscription from Amphipolis Greece, that is commemorating Polemon II, Polemon and Rhoemetalces is dated from the second half of the 1st century.
Polemon II renamed the town Fanizan and named the town after himself to Polemonium modern Fatsa Turkey. In 62, Nero induced Polemon II to abdicate the Pontian throne, and Pontus, including Colchis, became a Roman province. From then until his death, Polemon II only ruled Cilicia.
References
Sources
Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews XX.7.3
Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews XIX.8.1
H. Temporini & W. Haase, Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt: Principat, Walter de Gruyter, 1980
H. Temporini & W. Haase, Politische Geschichte Provinzen und Randvölker: Griechischer Balkanraum; Kleinasien. Griechischer Balkanraum; Kleinasien, Walter de Gruyter, 1980
A.R. Birley, Septimius Severus. The African Emperor, Routledge, 2002
B. Levick, Julia Domna. Syrian Empress, Routledge, 2007
Polemon II article at Ancient Library
Ptolemaic Genealogy: Cleopatra VII
Coinage of Polemon II and Julia Mamaea
External links
Coinage of Polemon II and Julia Mamaea
Coinage of Polemon II
Category:Rulers of Pontus
Category:Rulers of the Bosporan Kingdom
Category:Herodian dynasty
Category:Converts to Judaism from paganism
Category:Jewish monarchs
Category:74 deaths
Category:1st-century BC rulers in Asia
Category:Roman client rulers
Category:1st-century monarchs in the Middle East
Category:Royal Family of Emesa
Category:Year of birth unknown |
Virginie Polyxène Augustine Philippe Dallemagne, a French miniature painter, whose maiden name was Decagny, was a native of Beauvais. She was a pupil of Madame de Mirbel, and showed much talent in the execution of portraits in miniature and in crayons. She married Adolphe Dallemagne, a landscape painter, and died at Corbeil in 1876.
References
Category:1821 births
Category:1875 deaths
Category:Portrait miniaturists
Category:People from Beauvais
Category:French women painters
Category:19th-century French painters
Category:19th-century French women artists |
A.S.D. Asti, known as Asti and formerly A.S.D. Alfieri Asti or A.S.D. Colline Alfieri Don Bosco Colline Alfieri D.B. or just Colline Alfieri, is an Italian football club based in Asti, Piedmont. FIGC registration number of the club is 63,519. The club spent entire history in the Piedmont - Aosta Valley divisions of the Lega Nazionale Dilettanti.
History
The club was founded in 1975. The club was based in another town, Celle Enomondo, and known as several other names: ILSA C.D.C., U.S. Cellese, A.S. Celle Vaglierano and A.C. Celle General Cab.
The club was promoted to Prima Categoria for the first time in 2009, as the winner of Group P of Seconda Categoria Piedmont - Aosta Valley. Group P was composed of clubs entirely from the Province of Asti.
In 2010 the club was promoted to Promozione Piedmont - Aosta Valley division, despite finished as the fifth of Prima Categoria Piedmont - Aosta Valley Group F. At the same time the club was renamed to A.S.D. Colline Alfieri Don Bosco, as a collaboration with another sport club A.S.D. Don Bosco Asti. The club also relocated its registered office to San Damiano d'Asti at the same time.
A.S.D. Colline Alfieri Don Bosco promoted to Eccellenza Piedmont-Aosta Valley from Promozione Piedmont - Aosta Valley in 2016 as a repêchage. The club also played in the Eccellenza division in the 201314 and 201415 seasons. The club hired Mario Benzi as head coach in November 2014.
The club was renamed to A.S.D. Alfieri Asti in 2017. At the same time, the major club of the city, Asti Calcio F.C. ex-A.C.D. Asti folded. The club also promoted youth team coach Davide Montanarelli as the head coach of the first team.
The club finished as the joint-runner-up of the Group B of Eccellenza Piedmont - Aosta Valley division in the 201819 season. However, the club lost the promotion play-off against the other runner-up, Canelli S.D.S.. Both teams also from the Province of Asti and that match was the fifth provincial derby of the teams in that season.
In 2019, Alfieri Asti was renamed again, dropping the word Alfieri.
Famous players
Diego Fuser former Italian international footballer
Stadiums
The club uses the Stadio Comunale di Asti as home stadium. The stadium is also known as Stadio Censin Bosia, named after footballer . A.S.D. Asti shared the stadium with two other clubs of the city: San Domenico Savio and Nuova Sca, and in the past, Asti Calcio F.C..
The club also used Campo Sandro Salvadore as well as Campo Comunale di Celle Enomondo, on 9 Strada Pozzo, Celle Enomondo as football fields.
In 201516 season, the first team of the club had used the football field in Moncalvo, but declared its headquarters in Asti.
Honours
Promozione Piedmont - Aosta Valley Group D
Winners: 2013
Seconda Categoria Piedmont - Aosta Valley Group P
Winners: 2009
See also
John Bosco, or known as Don Bosco
Footnotes
References
External links
Category:Football clubs in Italy
Category:Football clubs in Piedmont and Aosta Valley
Category:Asti
Category:Association football clubs established in 1975
Category:1975 establishments in Italy |
Subsets and Splits