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Question/thoughts for long spread/iron butterfly traders. My problem is trying to accurately calculate the potential gain in my strategies, factoring in implied volatility.
The problem: Every website on earth tells you the maximum profit from a debit spread is the difference in strikes minus the premium paid. This is correct; it is the "maximum/theoretical profit"
Real life: This never, ever happens. The real life gain is the difference in strike prices minus the difference in time value minus the paid premium.
Notice the move happened and we lost $50?
As you can see, an at-the-money strike has a very high amount of time value, which is affecting how much we can sell the spread for. Thus, you can see you will have to subtract the difference in time values from the actual spread to calculate profit. You don't just want your spread; you want even your short call to be WAAYYYY in the money, to shorten the difference in time values.
Does anybody look at these when running calculations? I've had trades recently where I predicted an 8% movement. So, I pick a safe trade....a 4% movement spread. The stock moves 9%, WAYYY above my spread......and I lost money. The volatility was so high in my short contracts, that over 2X my predicted move happened, and it still wasn't profitable.
Perhaps there's a calculations to figure out how far in-the-money the short call has to be in order for the trade to still be profitable?
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What bread rolls make a good pulled pork sandwich?
Pulled pork sandwiches tend to be served on soft rolls – burger buns, potato rolls, etc. There’s a wide variety of options – you just don’t want them to compete with the pork’s flavor, take effort to bite away from the sandwich (because of a strong crust), or get soggy.
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What Are the Iconic Suburbs of Melbourne?
There are many well-known suburbs of Melbourne - here's a selection of some of the more famous ones, including their top attractions and features that make them unique.
Carlton is known for Lygon Street, Carlton Gardens and the World Heritage listed Royal Exhibition Building.
Carlton North is home to Princes Park, the Melbourne Cemetery, and the beautiful Rathdowne Street shopping strip.
Significant buildings include the Parliament of Victoria, and offices of the Government of Victoria. The world-famous Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG) is in the locality of Jolimont. It also includes Treasury and Fitzroy Gardens.
The Melbourne Cup horse race has been held at Flemington Racecourse since 1861.
This suburb was known as Hotham. The main shopping strip of Errol Street is located near North Melbourne Town Hall.
Royal Park and the Melbourne Zoo are in Parkville.
Bay Street is Port Melbourne's historic commercial area.
The main shopping region of South Yarra runs along Toorak Road and Chapel Street, with a focus on high-end retailers.
The suburb has been home to the Formula One Grand Prix since 1996.
St Kilda is home to many of Melbourne's tourist attractions including Luna Park, Acland Street and Fitzroy Street, near the beach.
Some well known Abbotsford landmarks include Dights Falls, Collingwood Town Hall, Victoria Park, and Abbotsford Convent.
This suburb is known for the Fairfield Boathouse on the river.
Victoria Gardens Shopping Centre is a large modern complex built in Richmond in 2001 to service the inner eastern suburbs.
A major landmark in the suburb is the Royal Melbourne Showgrounds.
Puckle Street is the main shopping street in Moonee Ponds.
The most impressive historical building in Boronia is Miller Homestead.
A well-known attraction in Lysterfield is the lake which has facilities for sailing and swimming.
Caribbean Gardens is a weekly market in the area.
The main commercial district is centred on Clarendon Street and the nearby South Melbourne Market. The suburb also features the historic South Melbourne Town Hall.
A Westfield Shopping Centre is located in Doncaster.
The Ricketts Point Marine Sanctuary was established in 2002 near here.
Half Moon Bay is next to Red Bluff, and the Cerberus ship acts as a breakwater.
In the south of Cranbourne, there is a Royal Botanic Gardens.
Caulfield is best known as the location of Caulfield Racecourse.
Mordialloc Creek is the most significant feature of the suburb.
High Street is the main thoroughfare, with high-end shopping options.
Melbourne's famous Chapel Street shopping strip cuts through Windsor.
Laverton is home to the state baseball stadium.
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Wampum, ke`kwuk, squau-tho-won; all are Algonquian words for shell beads or string of shell beads. Wampumpeage is a Narragansett word for "white beads strung". Throughout northeastern America, wampum was used for jewelry, gifts, communication, historical record of important events, religious ceremonies, and trade. It was the earliest form of currency known in North America. Its value was derived from the difficulty involved in producing the cylindrical bead from both Quahog and Whelk, and the scarcity of suitable shells. White beads were made from Whelk, purple-blackish from Quahog.
The beads were produced from the inner spiral of the shells. The spiral or column must be thick enough to withstand grinding, shaping and drilling. The shells were collected along the coastal shores during the summer, and worked in the winter months. The inner spirals were cut into cylinders measuring 1/4 inch long by 1/8 inch diameter. Each bead was then smoothed through grinding, polished, drilled, and finally strung on hemp fibers or sinew. It was difficult, tedious, and time consuming work. The proportionate scarcity of the Quahog dark beads doubled their value to that of white wampum.
She sells seashells by the seashore. If she sells seashells by the seashore, how many seashore shells does she sell? This old tongue twisting pronunciation trainer underscores step one in the manufacture of Wampum. You needed a supply of a certain, special and very attractive type of Calcium Carbonate, which was limited in quantities, to begin to do WORK=ENERGY INPUT plus some ARTISTIC CREATIVITY on the seashells in order to produce a CURRENCY that was BOTH a medium of exchange AND a store of value.
In a barter economy, the transfer of goods and services from one party to another is hindered by the lack of liquidity of say, an animal, a bear skin or whatever. The lack of a medium of exchange that can be subdivided into small enough units for both parties to make up perceived different values in a barter transaction is the need that fosters the creation of "money" in the first place.
Wampum was initially a form of artistic expression as well as a form of communication (it was a store of value as jewelry and venerable truth through news and agreements).
However, as the quantity gradually increased and most natives agreed more or less on its value, wampum began providing the liquidity that a barter economy could not.
Consequently the Native Americans along the eastern area of North Amerca gradually adopted wampum as a currency in addition to valuing its beauty (jewelry = bling). The Natives that lived along the beach had an edge on those inland because of easy access to the raw materials.
With the influx of more Europeans in the 17th century, notably the Dutch and English, metal tools became widely available to Indians in the east.
Among these tools were slender metal drills which greatly facilitated the production of wampum. These new tools enabled the Indians to produce uniform beads more quickly and with greater ease.
Applying basic economic principles to wampum as a commodity/currency in the 17th century, it might be assumed that wampum decreased in value as its production was sped up.
On the contrary, its value remained stable.
Again applying the basic economic rule of supply and demand, though the Europeans brought tools that helped to increase wampum production, they also balanced their contribution with an increased demand for the shell beads.
Wampum is pretty and, until the Europeans showed up with metal hand tools, a good store of wealth because the amount of energy=work it took to make it as well as the amount of shells available limited the amount of wampum in circulation.
But those metal thingamajigs the white devils brought made it EASY (LESS TIME & ENERGY=WORK) to make lots of pretty wampum (metal hand drills). This new wampum looked just as good or better than the older stuff made with less sophisticated (non-metal) tools.
At first everybody prospered. There was more wampum, and contrary to standard economic theory that when you increase the currency in circulation, you get inflation, this did not happen right away. Everybody, including the white devils , were happy with the wampum economy.
But time passed and things changed.
As the New England colonists adopted wampum as their standard currency, incidents of fraud (wampum counterfeit) increased.
Both Indian and Englishman were known to pass off inferior or fraudulent wampum to unsuspecting colonials.
In time, regulation and a standardized measure of wampum strands was implemented. A fathom (6 feet) was the most usual measurement and instantly denoted a specific monetary value measured against English shillings, pence, pounds, and so forth.
The fact that legislation was introduced, regulations regarding wampum manufacture were set down, penalties for counterfeit or inferior quality wampum trading were harsh, and in some colonies the rejection of dark wampum for only white (though its value was greater, it was easier to counterfeit by way of dye), all illustrate how dependent the colonists and Indians were on these shell beads.
There was some fluctuation in wampum's value, as is always the case with currency, but by and large, it remained uniformly acceptable and desirable to nearly the end of the 17th century in the colonies and into the 18th century along the frontiers.
Its worth, however, was tenable. Wampum was only good as long as the Indians prized it. If or when that was no longer the case, an economic crash could occur throughout the English colonies that would have had serious consequences in New England, and subsequently, in the mother country as well.
It was this realization, along with the declining demand for fur, that moved the New Englanders to gradually phase out wampum as a currency standard. With silver from the West Indies beginning to circulate in North America, wampum was slowly being replaced by that universally valued commodity, metal coinage.
1) The colonists, who had hitherto absorbed the wampum glut by their demand for the beads, lost interest in wampum partly because they didn't require as many furs (wampum was the currency the colonists used to buy pelts). Wampum lost value as a medium of exchange as the increase in available currency took its toll.
Counterfeiting exacerbated the problem of undermining the medium of exchange value of the currency. A given piece of wampum lost purchasing power because of wampum glut AND a competing currency of coinage.
2) The artistic value part of wampum as a store of wealth suffered as well. Any philatelist can tell you that old stamps get their "value", not from a pretty painting on the stamp, but MAINLY from their scarcity.
This was depressing. Imagine all those hours spent painstakingly making wampum and that neighboring squaw that is all thumbs can suddenly make several times as much as you can just because she has a white devil metal thingamajig to goose production! And now the white devils don't want them as much as they used to either.
But as you can see below, despite its disappearance as a currency, wampum survives to this day as a product of patient craftsmanship, artistry and historical communication.
It is interesting, if not ironic, to note that wampum remains valuable even today. A single wampum bead made from Quahog or Whelk, manufactured in New England coastal areas can cost up to $10! Overseas wampum is less expensive, but still demands a good price. Wampum, the first currency of the new world, has survived as a desired item long enough to be considered a classic.
But it would never regain its position as a medium of exchange/currency.
Two Row Wampum Treaty from Elder, Yvonne Thomas.pic.twitter.com/EtjkqHsG9o The patient artistry and symbolism crafted in this wampum is an example of how wampum is a store of value.
In an effort to maintain a separate and peaceful coexistence, an agreement was made 400 years ago between a group of Haudenosaunee nations and the incoming European settlers who were rapidly arriving. That agreement remains valid today.
The Two Row Wampum was made with strings of wampum, or crushed shells, which were made into purple and white beads threaded onto strings, forming a belt.
]The white beads, located outside of two large purple rows of beads, represent the truth.
The purple beads are separated into two rows, one representing the canoe of the Haudenosaunee, the other representing the sailboat of the incoming Europeans.
Each row represents the separate cultures, traditions, governments and religions.
In between the purple rows run three rows of white beads. These represent peace, friendship and maintaining a sense of equality forever.
What lessons can we take from the above Native American experience?
2) The ENERGY it takes to create said money is directly proportional to a unit of said money as a store of value.
The extreme situation, never reached by wampum because it always took SOME skill and energy to make, is FIAT currency where it has ZERO value as a store of wealth.
The case of the US dollar is BELOW ZERO as a store of wealth because, in addition to it being fiat, the supply is growing absent any energy input whatsoever. So the dollar loses value as it sits from Fed inflation (counterfeiting). Legal Tender Laws force the citizenry to run around trying to preserve some value in a currency that shrinks in value year after year. Many of these value chasers go for PMs, paintings, land, antique cars, Early American antique furniture, etc. They are all looking for something that meets the criteria of liquidity, durability, portability and agreed upon value per unit to a greater or lesser degree.
3) Beyond the basic biochemical needs of proper nutrition, shelter and health, human culture places a great deal of value on tangibles and intangibles outside the default requirements of human life.
Humans will always value creativity and imaginative and useful innovations that bring beauty, comfort and utility to our lives as STORES OF VALUE.
What price can you place on a song? What value does a set of verses have that took a song writer 5 minutes to write after he had dreamed them versus a painstakingly written flute sonata?
Hard to say, right? One took a lot less ENERGY than the other, both in KWhs and artistic creativity, but may have sold for a lot more money.
What about greed and other economy influencing factors?
The issue of greed, hoarding, the amount of currency in circulation as a trigger for consumerism or the reverse are all PRODUCTS of distortions in an economy.
Most economists espouse the view that currency does not simply encourage certain types of behavior deleterious to an economy, but DICTATES IT.
I don't feel that way because I view money as an EFFECT, not a CAUSE. I do agree that the money supply certainly must remain in a fairly constant proportion per capita to avoid distortions.
Food will never be currency simply because, even if you could freeze dry it with solar energy and store it also with solar energy for a hundred years or so to use it as you needed it, there is only so much food you or anybody else can eat.
People want furniture, tools, culture, beauty, some entertainment, etc. A prisoner in solitary confinement goes bonkers even though he has sufficient food, shelter and health care.
Life is MUCH more than food, shelter and health.
Gold bugs observe, rightfully, that the US dollar retains the above attributes by the big gun the government has called Legal Tender Laws, not by reality. This amounts to a government distortion of the value of the currency to for the benefit of the owners of the Federal Reserve Banking Cartel and the detriment (i.e. impoverishment) of the average American citizen. Consequently they take any excess dollars in their possession and quickly convert them something besides dollars because the value of said dollars, like wampum (eventually,) after the metal hand drills were introduced by the white devils, is going down.
Gold bugs watch the Fed money supply going exponential in direct proportion to the galloping inflation the government refuses to own up to.
This is far worse than wampum inflation because this is raw counterfeiting of fiat! People aware of this start to buy this, that and the other with those magically shrinking dollars from collector's items like stamps to maybe antique furniture to paintings to rare coins to, you guessed it, gold!
The Federal Reserve Banking Cartel realizes there are a lot people out there on to their game so they start manipulating the precious metals paper prices (tanking them) to drive the gold bugs back to the Fed fiat fantasy of a strong dollar.
I observed this blatant and economically disastrous distotion of currency value and, after thinking about it a while, came to the conclusion that we need something like wampum but without those hand drills or the counterfeiting dye! My wonderful and innovative Kilowatt Hour Monetary Standard is, horror of horrors, greeted with hardy harrs and guffaws from the gnomes of the Federal Reserve. Harrumph!
ANY currency that is not BOTH a medium of exchange and a store of value will be corrupted, distorted, counterfeited and generally devalued, PERIOD.
The "tokens" or other symbols used for such currency obviously introduces DEBT because there might be a whole lot more symbols, tokens or pieces of paper with funny squiggles on them than the ACTUAL store of value represented. THAT'S JUST A DETAIL. If you can avoid corruption and insure transparency, that can be minimized.
The "fear" that hoarders are going to trash the economy by taking money out of circulation is unfounded. That's merely an EFFECT of capitalism. It has nothing to do with the concept of money per se.
This EFFECT is really quite easy to prevent. All you have to do is progressively tax wealth (NOT INCOME!) above X net worth to keep a lid on excess capital accumulation. Thomas Jefferson was in favor of that, as a matter of fact (google it!).
Once everyone is on board with a stable currency like Kilowatt Hour Equivalents, I would also eliminate the difference between earned and unearned income (capital gains) and progressively tax that too. That appropriate and fair tax structure would serve as an additional DETERRENT hoard and a guarantee that the velocity of money will remain fairly constant.
The iron curtain of the Supreme Court was breached on Wednesday. Activists from the group 99Rise entered the Supreme Court chamber. After videoing the session where the justice can be clearly seen, one of the activists stood up. He said the following before he was accosted by the Supreme Court security detail.
Washington, DC - Activists from the grassroots group 99Rise, entered the Supreme Court of the United States chambers today, disrupted the proceedings, and demanded the restoration of democracy in America.
"Generations of Americans have shed blood, sweat, and tears to win the right to vote and extend the promise of democracy in America,” said Kai Newkirk, co-founder of 99 Rise and a participant in today's action, “It's time for our generation to step up and do whatever it takes to defend that right and end the corruption of big money in politics. If that means risking arrest in order to speak truth to power, so be it."
The participants were inspired to act in response to the recent decisions of the Supreme Court in Citizens United v. FEC, which demolished the wall of separation between wealth and state, and the threat that the Supreme Court would make it even worse in McCutcheon v. FEC, which would remove the cap on aggregate candidate contributions.
"The Supreme Court's Citizens United decision was a betrayal of the American people and of our democracy. It took the systemic corruption of our government by big money interests to an obscene new level. If the Court eliminates the cap on aggregate donations by an individual in an election cycle - the question at hand in the McCutcheon case - it would put another round of shots into the dying body of our democracy."
The group is calling for a restoration of free and fair elections in America, an end to the corruption in our politics, and the restoration of representative democracy in America. Using nonviolent direct action and civil disobedience, such as was used in the Civil Rights Movement, they have been drawing attention to this issue with actions from coast to coast.
99Rise.org is a grassroots organization fighting to end corruption and win real democracy through nonviolent resistance. For more information, including pictures of previous actions, please visit 99Rise.org.
Agelbert NOTE: I will be checking out 99Rise.org. It sounds like a GREAT ORGANIZATION!
How Much US Debt Does China Own?
The US national debt is more than $17 trillion US Dollars (USD), or roughly equal to the country’s gross domestic product (GDP), and China owns about 7.6% of it, or more than $1.2 trillion USD. China is the largest overseas creditor of the US. Japan is the next-largest overseas creditor, and it owns about $1.1 trillion USD of the US national debt. More than one-fourth of the US debt is actually owed to its own federal government, such as the Social Security trust funds and the Federal Reserve.
•The US was created with a national debt; a 1790 analysis estimated that the new country had a debt of $75 million USD, or about 30% of its GDP.
•As of 2014, Andrew Jackson is the only US president to get the US national debt completely paid off during his presidency — the country was debt-free from 1835 to 1836.
•The US national debt has not been below $1 billion USD since 1866.
Agelbert NOTE: There you have it - PROOF that what WE saved in Social Security has been pilfered away by the lying, thieving crooks in our government for corporate war and fossil fuel profiteering. Big Oil OWES US that money!
Thu Jun 12, 2014 at 07:33 PM PDT.
(Al Jeezera)Researchers at the University of Oxford and the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine have suggested that more than 10,000 suicides in Europe and North America can be linked to the severe economic downturn brought on by the 2008 financial crisis.
The study, published in the British Journal of Psychiatry, adds to a growing body of evidence that suggests that economic downturns have serious but somewhat predictable mental health consequences, and that with the right kind of intervention, the mental impact of recession can be reduced.
This is about as prestigious a study panel as you could put together and their findings are borne out with five years of hindsight. This economic collapse was brought on by a combination of financial deregulation and unnecessary deficit spending brought on by tax cuts for the rich and the Iraq War. Millions of victims have seen their jobs lost, wages shrunk and homes lost but the greatest price was paid by those who couldn't take any more pain from this class war and chose to give up the ghost.
Right, each time food stamp recipients are demonized, lives are lost.
In the U.S., the suicide rate increased by 4.8 percent between 2007 and 2010. Canada saw a similar increase. In the EU, where the suicide rate had been steadily decreasing until the recession, it jumped from the pre-recession rate of about 10 suicides per 10,000 people by about 6.5 percent at the start of the downturn and remained at the higher rate through 2011.
In Sweden, Finland and Austria for example — where government assistance for the unemployed and clinically depressed is more readily available than elsewhere — the suicide rate remained consistent or saw small reductions despite the economic downturn.
It is not a moral paradox.
Conservatives are killing people without conscience. The "Pro-Life" Party has blood on it's hands it can never wash off.
Watch this one minute clip to learn how Capitalism has FAILED to accumulate and protect the most important Capital, thereby making so called modern "Capitalism" a monstrous system that actually SHRINKS, DEGRADES and DESTROYS Capital!
Agelbert NOTE: More proof that Homo SAPdom is dumber than a wedge.
Government Control of Money = a SCHEME (i.e. a scam ) to make SOMETHING for NOTHING.
Founded in 1791, by the end of its twenty year charter the First Bank of the United States had almost ruined the nation's economy, while enriching the bankers. Congress refused to renew the charter and signaled their intention to go back to a state issued value based currency on which the people paid no interest at all to any banker. This resulted in a threat from Nathan Mayer Rothschild against the US Government, "Either the application for renewal of the charter is granted, or the United States will find itself involved in a most disastrous war." Congress still refused to renew the charter for the First Bank of the United States, whereupon Nathan Mayer Rothschild railed, "Teach those impudent Americans a lesson! Bring them back to colonial status!" The British Prime Minister at the time, Spencer Perceval was adamantly opposed to war with the United States, primarily because the majority of England's military might was occupied with the ongoing Napoleonic wars. Spencer Perceval was concerned that Britain might not prevail in a new American war, a concern shared by many in the British government. Then, Spencer Perceval was assassinated (the only British Prime Minister to be assassinated in office) and replaced by Robert Banks Jenkinson, the 2nd Earl of Liverpool, who was fully supportive of a war to recapture the colonies.
Greek good guy tells it like it is.
Otherwise, it's CURTAINS for the Eurozone!
In a barter economy, the transfer of goods and services from one party to another is hindered by the lack of liquidity of say, an animal, a bear skin or whatever. The lack of a medium of exchange that can be subdivided into small enough units for both parties to make up perceived different values in a barter transaction is the need thar fosters the creation of "money" in the first place.
Consequently the Native Americans along the eastern area of North America gradually adopted wampum as a currency in addition to valuing its beauty (jewelry = bling). The Natives that lived along the beach had an edge on those inland because of easy access to the raw materials.
, were happy with the wampum economy.
Double row Wampum is beautiful AND still valuable.
The white beads, located outside of two large purple rows of beads, represent the truth.
I observed this blatant and economically disastrous distortion of currency value and, after thinking about it a while, came to the conclusion that we need something like wampum but without those hand drills or the counterfeiting dye! My wonderful and innovative Kilowatt Hour Monetary Standard is, horror of horrors, greeted with hardy harrs and guffaws from the gnomes of the Federal Reserve. Harrumph!
The "tokens" or other symbology that is used for such currency obviously introduces DEBT because there might be a whole lot more symbols, tokens or pieces of paper with funny squiggles on them than the ACTUAL store of value represented. THAT'S JUST A DETAIL. If you can avoid corruption and insure transparency, that can be minimized.
Nuclear experiments have successfully transmuted lead into gold, but the expense far exceeds any gain. It would be easier to convert gold into lead via neutron capture and beta decay by leaving gold in a nuclear reactor for a long period of time.
Does Being Rich Make You a Self-Centered Lawbreaker?
Work by social psychologist Paul Piff suggests that the more money people have, the more likely they are to cheat or put their needs before those of others.
In the past, public perception has tended towards the notion that the very poor are more likely to break the rules because they are under financial pressure and face more difficult circumstances.
But Piff’s work suggests the opposite - that having more money makes you care about others less and feel entitled to put your own interests first…After nearly a decade researching this field, Piff has come to the controversial conclusion that being wealthy, rather than transforming you into a benevolent benefactor, can actually be rather bad for your moral fibre…“It isolates you in certain ways from other people psychologically and materially. You prioritise your own needs and your own goals and become less attuned to those around you.
When we feel wealthy, Piff concludes, we need other people less. In the real world, when people have less money, they rely more heavily on their social relationships to get by. Therefore interpersonal relations are prioritized. The rich, by contrast, can buy themselves peace, quiet and space - plus a solution to most problems. There’s nothing like a fat wallet to cheer you up in a crisis. But that tends to isolate them from others’ experiences.
The reason the blinkered, low IQ offspring of the rich get by better than most of us.
The meritocracy in the USA is an illusion for the suckers.
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How would you like to be paid simply for owning a company's stock? Well, when you invest in a company that pays a dividend, that's what happens. In fact, investing in dividend stocks is a great way to earn passive income and finance your future. Of course, it's important to choose the right dividend stocks, and there are definitely key things to look for before purchasing. So, without further ado, here are three great dividend stocks for beginning investors, and why they could make great investments. Today we'll be focusing on the defense industry.
When it comes to investing in stocks, there are a number of things to watch for in terms of dividends, but four are arguably the most important: 1. The payout ratio -- How much of a company's cash flow is going toward paying out the dividend. 2. The current yield -- Used to calculate the relative attractiveness of dividend-paying stocks; dividends per share divided by current share price, which shows how much cash flow you're getting for your investment. 3. Dividend growth -- How long a dividend has grown. 4. Annual payout -- How much money you get annually per share. With the above in mind, let's look at Boeing (NYSE:BA), General Dynamics (NYSE:GD), and Lockheed Martin (NYSE:LMT).
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Four and a half billion years ago, a small portion of an interstellar dust cloud several light-years across began to collapse in on itself, forming into a hot disk of hydrogen, helium, and an assortment of heavier elements. Over time, the center of this disk became hot enough to become a protostar, surrounded by 12 recently formed proto-planets. Three of those proto-planets never reached planethood, and remained as dwarfs (Ceres, Pluto, Haumea). The rest eventually grew big enough to classify as planetary mass objects, with the inner solar system composed of four slowly growing rocky worlds (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars), while the outer system was populated by four rapidly growing gaseous worlds: Jupiter, Saturn, Neptue, and Uranus (in that order). At the time, it was estimated that the outer Kerbol system was much denser than present day, with gas giant orbits twice as close to each other than they are now. Over the next few million years, the Kerbol System underwent drastic changes. Kerbol became a fully-fledged star, and began steadily growing brighter. Jool and Voon entered a historic 1:2 resonance, which began causing gravitational chaos in both the inner and outer solar system. It is thought that Jool entered the inner solar system for brief period of time, robbing the inner solar system of disk material and stunting Mars's growth, resulting in it being merely one-tenth of Kerbin's mass (when it otherwise would have been close to Kerbin's mass, if Jool had not intervened). It is also thought that the Jool-Voon resonance catapulted Naal and Oran into higher and higher orbits, where they eventually traded places (making Naal the furthest planet from the sun instead of Oran). It is also believed that during this early period of the Kerbol System that stars were clustered a lot closer than they are today, and so a close gravitational interaction with another solar system (likely Kirb, Kelin, or Kernim before they came together as Nova Kirbani) allowed Kerbol to capture an extra gas giant in an extremely wide orbit: Planet Nine. Jool and Voon eventually escaped the 1:2 resonance as Jool returned to the outer system, and the planets slipped into roughly the positions that they are in today. Over the next billion years, Eve, Kerbin, and Duna, all supported liquid water on their surfaces and may all have supported life. Eventually, Eve entered a runaway greenhouse state and Duna lost most of its atmosphere, becoming a cold and dry desert planet. Kerbin developed photosynthetic life and gained a primarily Nitrogen-Oxygen atmosphere. Approximately one billion years ago, the first multicelluar life appeared on Kerbin. Approximately 5 million years ago, Laythe thawed to become a wet world (that is if you chose Tropical Laythe instead of the default Icy Europa), and the first Kerbal ancestors appeared. Being more intelligent than any other living thing in the Kerbol System, these creatures began to spread and make tools, while often finding the time to look up and wonder about their place in the universe.
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Where to read about perfect peace?
You can read about "Perfect Peace" in Isaiah 26:3. See also Psalm 9:10; Jeremiah 17:7,8.
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You've probably heard that you can't just use any old fridge outside. But, why not? What are the differences between indoor and outdoor refrigerators, and why is it important to know them?
Here are three of the most important things to be aware of when looking for an outdoor refrigerator.
There are two main differences between refrigerators designed to be used outdoors and indoors.
First is ambient temperature range. Refrigerators have to work to keep everything inside it cold despite the temperature outside of it. We keep the temperature in our homes pretty even — generally between 60ºF and 80ºF.
Outdoors, temperatures can change dramatically from morning to night, and vary widely from freezing cold to blazing hot. Outdoor refrigerators have to maintain consistently cold temperatures in that highly unstable environment.
In the Summer heat, for example, a fridge would require additional insulation and more powerful compressors and components to keep everything cold.
Second is weatherproofing for the electrical components. Even when built into a cabinet or other outdoor fixture, outdoor refrigerators can be exposed to water from rain, or from splashing in a pool area, or the like. Water and electricity is a dangerous mix, so special design precautions are taken to reduce the risk of electrocution. Be sure the fridge you buy is UL (Underwriters Laboratory) Approved for outdoor use.
This weatherproofing is only to keep the electrical parts safe from water. It doesn't mean you can leave it completely unprotected in the worst of rainstorms, or function in the coldest of winters.
Almost all outdoor fridges are made from stainless steel thanks to its ability to resist rust in wet environments.
However, stainless steel can still rust under the worst of conditions. And, not all stainless steel is made with the same level of rust-resistance.
To avoid rust on your fridge, you'll want to buy one with a higher grade of stainless steel — which tends to be a little more expensive. Less expensive models will be made of a lower grade of stainless steel (which is more susceptible to rust), or of plastic-wrapped steel.
You may also want to cover your fridge in particularly wet weather.
Additionally, like their indoor counterparts, outdoor refrigerators are not designed to function in temperatures below 40 degrees. Why not? Because that's about the temperature the fridge tends to keep everything on the inside. If it's already cold enough outside the fridge, there's no need for it to turn on.
Outdoor Refrigerator with front ventilation on the bottom.
If you're going to build your refrigerator into an outdoor kitchen island, or cabinetry of some sort, be sure to get one that is designed to do so.
Refrigerators need good ventilation to keep the components working properly, and to transfer the heat out of your fridge. “Built-in” classified refrigerators have vents in the front (usually on the bottom) so that you can build it in to the cabinet or island with a flush fit.
Freestanding refrigerators need space for ventilation in the back, top, and sides. If you build it flush into a cabinet or kitchen island, you will inhibit its ability to function properly and keep everything cool.
You can still install a freestanding model under a counter of some sort, but you must give it adequate spacing on all sides for ventilation.
Outdoor refrigerators are a great convenience in the Summer and in warm climates. Be sure to understand the right features and capabilities to look for in a fridge, and to take good care of it, so that it will service you well for several years.
Interesting stuff. I have been thinking of buying an outdoor fridge for a few years now. Is there any out there that you would recommend?
I’m still working on a set of reviews so that I can recommend “3 Good Ones”, but in the meantime, I really like this one I reviewed from Bull.
I was working for a stainless steel factory, and I cannot agree more with the line “Less expensive models will be made of a lower grade of stainless steel”. You get what you pay! Don’t be afraid to spend some $$$ more for a better product, you will not regret.
Well, thank you for reading, Katie! I appreciate you reading and commenting.
You’re right, in colder climates, an outdoor refrigerator might not be worth getting. But, if you’re ever thinking about keeping an extra refrigerator out in a garage for storage, for example, you might find this article interesting.
Where I lived, we have constant evening thunderstorms and flash floods are very common. I definitely have not seen an outdoor refrigerator here so this is a very interesting read for me.
Wow, this is really informative, I never knew there were specific fridges for outdoor use!
Excellent post containing plenty of useful details. Thanks for sharing your extensive knowledge!
Anyway, as I live in the UK anything outside has to love the rain, wind and cold so the idea of outdoor refrigerators was completely new to me.
Who knows, one day I may move to a climate where an outdoor refrigerator is a necessity.
Thanks for checking in. I appreciate you reading despite not needing an outdoor fridge. But, hey, we learn new things and it opens our horizons!
Hey Scott! Thanks for sharing all this knowledge about refrigerators. I did not know there were so many things to consider to buy the right refrigerator according to our needs. I can’t wait to have a big backyard where I can have a nice outdoor kitchen and grill, plus and outdoor refrigerator of course! Will keep this in mind!
Well, I’ve never considered an outdoor refrigerator. I can see a use for an outdoor freezer for myself to store large quantities of meats and fish for example after buying wholesale. Security wise it’s not something that would spring to mind living in London, UK but I can see the convenience so thanks for the information.
Yes, being from New York City myself, the concept was certainly new for me. Security and safety issues definitely come into play. You’d want a ridge with a lock on it to keep thieves and small children out of it. Storing bulk items is probably the most popular use for a garage refrigerator, which is slightly different.
But if I were to buy one, an article like this would be of great help.
Yes, I’m told it can get pretty cold where you live! People in your area might appreciate something more like a garage refrigerator for storing bulk items outside of the main fridge in the kitchen.
Thanks, Anders. I appreciate you stopping by!
“Outdoor does not mean all- weather”- good point Scott. I think it is one of the most usual mistakes about these great appliances. When it comes to drawbacks, higher power consumption is at the top of the list. Great article!
Great info! I ‘ve always been curious how this would work.
Great information. I live in Los Angeles and I’m currently building an outdoor bbq area and I’m going back and forth regarding the fridge and if I should go with an outdoor rated or indoor rated. There’s such a big price difference between them. But I was told to go with outdoor because the bbq area is a going to be custom built and it’s going to be built around my equipment. But I feel, “do I really need a outdoor rated fridge” I’M STUCK, DON’T LIKE THIS!!!!
I hate to side with everyone else on this, but I agree that you should go with an outdoor rated model. I’m sure you’ve read the article about the technical reasons, but let me address your concerns about the cost.
You’re building a custom BBQ area outdoors, which is a huge investment in time, money, and work. Now, imagine the additional cost and effort of replacing parts in that fridge (or that entire fridge) if some water happens to get into the wrong part of the fridge after a storm, or from a cooking spill on a vulnerable part of your cabinet.
Will you be able to get into the fridge, or get it out of the fixture, easily for repairs or replacement? If it needs to be replaced, will the same model still be available, or one of the same dimensions? Will you be willing to pay the additional costs for that?
And, I can assure you that the moment you install your indoor fridge outdoors, you will void the warranty, and can forget about getting help from the manufacturer.
So, “Do you really NEED an outdoor rated fridge?” The question is really, “How much risk are you willing to take?” Think of it as an insurance policy of sorts.
Sure, you can install a non-outdoor rated fridge, and you may never have any issues with it. But, you’ll need to be willing to pay more if the outdoor elements ruin your fridge.
Additionally, there are a wide range of outdoor mini refrigerators for you to choose from. They can run anywhere from $300 to $4,000. So, look at the lower end, and see if any fit your needs. I’ll be publishing an article about budget-branded refrigerators soon. Keep an eye out for it!
I hope this was helpful. Write back if you have more concerns. Thanks for reading and commenting!
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After waking up and getting ready for departure, we had a breakfast at 5.30 in the dark morning. Guess what the main topic of conversation was� Most bodies were shuddering as those dancing puppies on a dashboard. Yes, it was cold. But the idea that it will all be warmer when the sun would appear did not bother me about it.
After an exhausting two-hours drive on the bumpy-bumpy dirt track (53 km) filled with potholes and with a lot of creeks to drive through we finally got out of the Bungle Bungles National Park.
We arrived at the Turkey Creek Roadhouse one hour later. The tour would continue up to El Questro, just half an hour west of Kunnunara, but I was getting off the tour right here.
I honestly could not handle it anymore. Call me a coward, but I rather get off in the middle of nowhere on the Northern Highway with some 4,000km to go to my first next official place-to-stay, than to spend another 19 days in the company of people I could not feel comfortable with.
I said goodbye to the gang and thanked Dave for everything sofar. At the roadhouse I called the free-phone number of the Travelabout Adventures company in Perth and explained my reasons for my early tour departure. They could fully understand my motivation and said they would try to put me on a tour from Exmouth (three days travelling from here) to Perth, "with much younger people", the director said.
From here on I had to find myself a ride to the west and then follow the highway down south. It will take me a couple of days and it might be hard to find some food and a place to sleep the coming days, but if I don't try it I will be eating dust here at Turkey Creek.
I wrote a sign saying 'Wanted Ride West' and stuck in on my backpack at the entrance of the roadhouse. I met up with people from a travelling show who were in need for a driver to Derby, up west. They were going to leave Turkey Creek on Wednesday and if I wanted to be their 4WD-truck driver they could help me with accommodation for the coming two nights. But I had to help myself out food-wise. Like that would help out here� I told them I'd keep on trying to find a ride first, but if I'd be still here at 9pm tonight, they were welcome to pick me up.
Flies were licking me off but at least I can sit and wait here in a shady area of the roadhouse.
A Canadian guy from Perth, gave me his business card. He couldn't help me out with a ride as he was going the other direction, but I was welcome to call him when I'd be in need for a place to stay in Perth! After I explained my way of travelling to him, he said "you just call me and I'll help you out, you don't have to write about me in return." I thanked him for his offer.
Five minutes later he returned back to me and popped a 50 Australian dollar note in my hands. "When I was your age I was once stuck in the nothingness of the Northern Territory for three weeks. I just could not get out." I was stunned! He walked to his car and I saw the money in my hands. "Thanks again!" I said. "No worries! I remember how it was when I was there!"
I think I thanked him another three times. Grace the Canadians!
Now maybe I was going to regret this a lot later during this survival on almost nothing, but the first thing I did was to buy a pack of cigarettes. I know smoking is bad, but I do smoke when allowed or offered and I now was in a position when I was yearning for a smoke. Maybe it was because of the last few days and all the things that bothered me in my thoughts � I just had to.
I had been sitting there for another two hours, talking to people who passed by, until I encountered a solo guy who was going my direction too. That's at least what I found out and then he entered the store. I thought that was just another silent no-no. But when he came out he said: "Come on, let's load your stuff in."
It was Greg Lewis, a representative for Kookaburra (a camping gear company in Perth), who took me along. I told him about how I ended up there at Turkey Creek and of course he wanted to know a bit more about my latest travel adventures. When I told him about my no-budget travels through 16 countries in the last 14 months he was staggered. "So I have a f*cking celebrity in my car!?" Haha.
We drove on and on and as there was no radio reception on 99% of the Northern Highway, I enjoyed his CD-collection with Something For Katie, U2 en The Cure. What a long drive through nothing this was.
Greg had to visit some clients in Broome, before heading south to Perth again, but he was not going to make it there today. He would just take out his Aussie swag and sleep somewhere on a camping ground or just in the bush, but I had to find myself a place to sleep for the night as he had only one swag.
The sun had set when we entered the hole of Fitzroy Crossing, which has two gas stations, a supermarket and a small Aboriginal community. We drove around trying to find the backpackers hostel, as we saw a sign for it on the Highway. When I asked for it at the supermarket the v-e-r-y s-l-o-w speaking old Australian man behind the counter told me that there is no backpackers hostel anymore. "The old man who run that hostel had a stroke, some long time ago, and passed away." But what about that sign? "The sign is still there to remember him," he told me.
There I was in Fitzroy Nothing with no hostel.
Greg decided that he was going to stay at the Caravan Park of the Safari Lodge, on the other side of the river. Maybe they could help me with a place to sleep there.
We drove to the luxury camping ground where Greg registered himself for a camping spot for the night. "We are fully booked," the lady at the reception told me and when she said that two bus loads of British elderly tourists entered the reception area to check themselves in.
It ended up that my only place to sleep at this place was going to be in Greg's car. At his camping spot we unloaded his car and created this little place in the back of his station wagon and I got an thin inflatable mattress to lay on. But without a sleeping bag or anything.
The positive thing about staying at this caravan park was also: the showers! I got my sleeping place arranged for the night and went off to take a shower after five days of camping out. Oh man, I scrubbed myself in that hot hot water (oh yeah) and it actually took a while until all the dirt had flown through that little hole in the floor. It was good and the thoughts of this shower would keep me warm the rest of the night.
I am kind of prepared for the cold, as I don't only carry a winter jacket with me (remember my December days in Spain last year?), but also have thermic clothing with me. Grace my clothing sponsor Oxbow for that! Through SMS text messages my backup team and my friends at home gave me advice on how to survive a cold night like this in a car. I dressed myself in multiple layers of clothing with shirts and sweaters and nestled myself on that mattress and kept my head and feet warm with some thick wool sweaters. Greg had some sort of canvas sheet that I pulled over me.
It was around 9pm when Greg returned from the pub and crawled into his swag next to the car.
I would be fine. I would be okay. I would just think about that warm shower I had this night, and about how the campfires from the previous days glowed in my face and kept me warm out there and I would think about how hot it will be during the day and I would just forget how cold it is.
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Stitch Story: Crochet Designers Blog Tour, Day 1: A Fun Way to Add Color to Crochet!
I decided that my special post to kick off National Crochet Month, should be about a new technique I have been experimenting with. Actually my daughter gave me the idea, when she asked if she could use some of my swatches for an art project. She said they weren't the right color, and she needed to paint them to match her color scheme. She used acrylic paint, so when the pieces were dry, they were rigid, but she was pleased with the results. I loved the idea of being able to place color exactly where I want it, after a piece has been crocheted. A neat alternative to changing colors in yarn, and having multiple ends to weave in!
To try out this technique, I crocheted a length of ornate trim in Cascade Ultra Pima cotton yarn. I decided to use a set of 36 watercolors I purchased at Michaels. The color range and quality is excellent. I thought that watercolors would give more subtle color and be easier to blend, and when dry, the crochet would have the same texture and feel as it did before painting. Next, I blocked the trim, so it would lay flat while painting. Then, it was time to paint! I approached the lace as if it was a blank coloring page. At first, I was worried that I would ruin the trim if I tried a color and then found it I didn't like it. I soon found out that if I pressed a paper towel on it right away, I could absorb most of the color. After that, I became more confident and really enjoyed the process! I found that I could layer the colors and get different effects, depending on how much water I used. Some helpful tips: crochet a small swatch so you can test the colors before painting them on the trim, keep a paper towel near you for blending colors or absorbing mistakes, and change your brush rinsing water often so your colors will stay true. Keep in mind that the colors look quite a bit lighter when dry, so don't be shy about the amount of color you use. You can also wait until after it dries to evaluate the level of color, and if you want more, paint the piece again. After trying this technique, I will never look at plain white cotton yarn the same way again...oh the possibilities!
Another fun thing you can do with painted crochet, is paint the piece generously and then make prints with it on paper. I am planning to make some of my own prints on greeting cards. I can see lots of uses for this technique in my future. My daughter enjoyed the painting as much as I did. If you happen to have some swatches crocheted in cotton, let your child try their hand at creating a painted crochet masterpiece!
The designers that are participating in the blog tour have selected a charity to promote and support this month, Project Night Night. This charity provides childhood essentials for homeless children from newborns to preteens. You can support this them by: donating money, crocheting blankets for them to give out to the children, or purchasing my patterns. I will donate 100% of the profit from all of the patterns sold in my Craftsy store, during the month of March, to the charity. I will also organize a Crochet Along (CAL) for the best selling pattern of the month, please check out my Ravelry group for details in April! I hope you will consider donating to this very worthy cause, whether you donate money or your crochet time, anything would be greatly appreciated!
The next hosts for the blog tour are the talented designers, Ellen Gormley and Nancy Nehring. Please visit their blogs tomorrow to see what they have in store for us!
I hope you all will become regular visitors to my blog. I post here about once a week, and at the end of March I will be giving away a fun prize package: a Russian crochet stitch dictionary and a digital row counter. Stay tuned for more details!
How fascinating! I loved your thoughts on crochet with paint and then making a PRINT! Brilliant.
I like this idea. But will the color fade overtime and washings? If so is there any products that can make the color last?
There is fabric paints, Tulip for one.
I haven't had the chance to experiment with setting the color. I was thinking of using the technique on things that wouldn't need to be washed. It would be nice to be able to paint garments, but it might not be practical. More experimentation is needed to be sure! If I find a paint that is permanent or a product to use to make it permanent. I will definitely let you all know!
Sounds like a great idea Pam!
Thank you for your nice comments Red Berry Crochet!
What a fun idea. I love your blog.
That looks like a party in the making. Wonderful idea and great execution. Thanks for being on the hop.
Very cool idea! I'm glad I decided to stop in and take the tour.
Thank you Jaybird Designs, Lois Anderson, Patricia Green, and analea!
What a fantastic idea. I had wondered now and then about using various paints on doilies or filet crochet. I am excited to see your examples and now I want to test it out. I am wondering how permanent your trim you painted with water colors is though?
Hi Amy, thank you for your comments! I tried washing the sample in Woolite after painting, and much of the color came out, but not all. Watercolors are not suitable for an item that would need to be washed. Pam Daley Designs suggested watering down fabric paints. I will try that next!
So glad I found your blog. Your designs are amazing and inspiring. Thanks!
What an interesting technique! I have some liquid watercolors that I will try this with.
That a cool technique! This may be in my future for holiday cards! Thanks for sharing.
Thank you Marie, I think it would be great fun making holiday cards this way!
Shelby, this idea is so inspirational! I'm wondering about the possibilities of Copic markers and other types of markers used for scrapbooking. There are so many interesting applications for this.
Thank you Amy. I think it would be interesting to try Copic markers! Coloring crochet has many possibilities. I hope that if anyone tries coloring crochet with other mediums, they will share their experiences!
Where can I get the pattern for the trim? It's gorgeous!
Hello! Just saw this post and came over from Pinterest. I love the idea of painting crochet with watercolors! I have been experimenting with water color pencils of fabric which I love, But I hadn't thought about crochet yet! Also in reference to washing things without fading, I used a fabric medium I picked up at Joanns that when mixed enough with acrylic paints, thins it out so it will not harden or give it the chunky texture and is heat set and permanent. I heat set the fabric with and iron but maybe you could use a dryer or blow dryer for crochet? Just a thought!
Hi Anonymous, the trim pattern is one I improvised, but it is based on one from a vintage crochet trim book. I am so sorry I didn't write down the pattern, since my focus was on painting crochet, I didn't think about a pattern for the trim!
Hello Season Laurel, thank you for visiting! I would love to try using the paint you suggested! Thank you for the tip!
What a great idea. I saw a beautiful butterfly I wanted to crochet and frame. Now it will look beautiful if I can add color where I want it on the wings.
Anonymous, I love the idea of painting a butterfly to frame! It is the perfect technique for that!
What a great idea! The results are beautiful.
Just found this = D and I love this idea. Got me thinking about a technique using color sharpies and alcohol. Gives a bleeding effect. Can't wait to try this!
I just found this article via a link at Pinterest and am fascinated. I've been wanting to find a way to add color to filet crochet without constantly changing thread colors… weaving those ends in without them showing is very difficult to say the least. I had never considered painting! But I'm thinking that I could experiment with one of the many types of fabric colors that can be set for fastness. Some are dyes, some paints.. most can be thinned. And as Season Laurel mentioned in a message above last year, there are "mediums" that can be used with the paints and dyes. And sharpies! now there's another idea to try.
That's so cool! I also like the pattern so much!
Look into setting dye with vinegar. There’s some science in it but I’m learning to make soap and allot of questions came up in all my crafts including this subject. I think adding vinegar to the water you paint with would help set the paint to keep it from bleeding. I would do that and run it in the wash to see the result.
A Fun Giveaway for National Crochet Month!
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Apple is removing the training wheels for Apple Watch app makers, letting them take full advantage of the device's hardware.
Currently, Apple Watch apps can't function without a paired iPhone, which handles not just Internet connectivity but core functions such as the app's logic. These apps also can't tap into key hardware features such as the microphone, motion sensors, the heart monitor, and the Digital Crown.
All of that's going to change now that Apple is allowing native app development on the Watch. The new and improved apps should start to arrive this fall, alongside the release of WatchOS 2 and iOS 9.
Why this matters: The Apple Watch is an exquisite piece of hardware, but one that can be extremely frustrating to use. Users are frequently confronted with loading screens, as third-party apps struggle to load everything they need from a paired iPhones. And when these apps finally load, most of them are of limited utility. The new powers that Apple is granting to app makers, along with some added features in WatchOS 2, should go a long way toward turning the Apple Watch into a useful accessory.
Native apps: By moving the app logic from the iPhone to the Watch, apps should have faster load times. The Watch will also be able to connect to known Wi-Fi networks, so apps that depend on an Internet connection can work even without an iPhone in Bluetooth range.
Sensors: Apps will be able to play audio through the Watch's built-in speaker, record audio through the microphone, detect motion from the accelerometer, and read heart rate data.
Input: Developers will be able to use the Digital Crown for custom app controls, such as dials and scroll bars. They can also create custom sound and pulse alerts with the Taptic engine.
Health: Third-party fitness apps will run on the Watch without a paired iPhone. The data from these apps can feed into Apple's daily activity reports, and can integrate with Apple's HealthKit framework.
Complications: Straight from the watch face, users will be able to glance at information from third-party apps, such as sports scores, flight information, and smart home status.
Apple isn't just relying on app developers to make the Apple Watch more useful. It's also adding some of its own new features in WatchOS 2.
The watch face, for instance, will allow for custom photos and slideshows, along with Apple-made timelapse images of popular cities. In a obvious nod to the Pebble Time , watch faces with Complications will also let users scroll on the Digital Crown to see information from the past or future. There's also a new nighttime mode that displays an alarm clock when the watch is resting on its side.
On the communications front, users can add people to the contacts dial, create Digital Touch sketches in multiple colors, reply to emails, and conduct Facetime Audio calls. Users will also be able to share their workout achievement medals over Facebook or Twitter.
Some features from iOS 9 are making their way over to the Watch as well, including transit directions and loyalty cards for Apple Pay. Siri is also getting some new powers, including a way to initiate workouts, jump directly to Glances, and control HomeKit devices with prompts like "set the dinner scene."
As with all software updates, WatchOS 2 will be free, though Apple hasn't given an exact release date.
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Given volume, flowrate, fluid, and material data we provide the geometric design for propellant management and liquid acquisition devices for in-space transportation. In addition, we are able to demonstrate scaled devices in a drop tower, provide computational results using Surface Evolver, and incorporate self-gravitation for deep space missions.
A scaled liquid acquisition device tested in a drop tower.
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we went to our friend's house for dinner last night and we brought dessert. i tried this new recipe and it was so easy and so good!
7) Bake at 350 degrees for 30 minutes.
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This article is about Maidstone town. For larger local government district, see Borough of Maidstone. For other uses, see Maidstone (disambiguation).
From top left: River Medway with Maidstone's historic All Saints Church, County Hall, Leeds Castle, Mote Park, The Mall Maidstone shopping centre.
Neolithic finds have revealed the earliest occupation of the area, and the Romans have left their mark in the road through the town and evidence of villas. The Normans set up a shire moot, and religious organisations established an abbey at Boxley, hospitals and a college for priests. Today's suburb of Penenden Heath was a place of execution in medieval times.
Maidstone played a key role during the Peasants' Revolt of 1381. The rebel priest John Ball had been imprisoned there and was freed by Kentish rebels under the command of Wat Tyler, who is reputed to have been a resident of the town.
Maidstone's charter as a town was granted in 1549; although briefly revoked, a new charter in 1551 created the town as a borough. The charter was ratified in 1619 under James I, and the coat of arms was designed, bearing a golden lion and a representation of the river (in heraldic terms: Or, a fess wavy Azure between three roundels Gules, on a chief Gules a leopard passant gardant Or). Recently to these arms were added the head of a white horse (representing Invicta, the motto of the county of Kent), a golden lion and an iguanodon. The iguanodon relates to the discovery in the 19th century of the fossilised remains of that dinosaur, now in the Natural History Museum in London. Maidstone has had the right to a town gaol since 1604.
During the English Civil War, the Battle of Maidstone took place in 1648, resulting in a victory for the Parliamentarians. Andrew Broughton, who was Mayor of Maidstone in 1649 (and also Clerk to the High Court of Justice) was responsible for declaring the death sentence on Charles I, and today a plaque in Maidstone Town Centre memorialises Broughton as 'Mayor and Regicide'.
Paper mills, stone quarrying, brewing and the cloth industry have all flourished here. The paper maker James Whatman and his son invented wove paper (Whatman paper) at Turkey Mill from 1740, an important development in the history of printing.
A permanent military presence was established in the town with the completion of cavalry barracks in 1798. Invicta Park Barracks is now home to the 36 Engineer Regiment.
Maidstone Prison is north of the town centre and was completed in 1819.
Modern Maidstone incorporates a number of outlying villages and settlements (see Geography below).
The county council offices to the north of the town centre were built of Portland stone between 1910 and 1913. On 29 September 1975 a local pub serving Invicta Park Barracks, The Hare and Hounds, was damaged by a bomb during an IRA campaign in England.
Maidstone General Hospital opened on the outskirts of the town in 1983, replacing West Kent General Hospital, which opened 150 years earlier in Marsham Street. It is just to the north of Oakwood Hospital (originally the Kent County Asylum), which closed in the mid-1990s.
Residents are employed in the retail, administrative or service sectors; there are industrial estates around the town providing employment. Some of the workforce commute to other towns, including to London.
The town is divided between the constituencies of Maidstone and the Weald and Faversham and Mid Kent. Before 1997 Maidstone was in the county constituency of Maidstone. The Member of Parliament for Maidstone and the Weald is Conservative Helen Grant. Previous MPs include Ann Widdecombe, Sir John Wells, Sir Alfred Bossom and Benjamin Disraeli. Since 2015 the MP for Faversham and Mid Kent has been Conservative Helen Whately. Prior to the 2015 election, the MP was Conservative Sir Hugh Robertson.
The town is the main town of Maidstone borough, which includes the surrounding rural areas except to the north-west. The town is divided into the 12 local government wards of Allington, Bridge, Downswood and Otham, East, Fant, Heath, High Street, Park Wood, Shepway North, Shepway South, South, and North. These wards have 30 of the 55 seats on Borough Council. In the 2011 council election, 30 of the seats were held by the Conservative party, 20 by the Liberal Democrats and 4 by independents.
A former millpond on the River Len, Mill Street/Palace Avenue Maidstone.
Lower Crisbrook Mill mill pond and Upper Crisbrook Mill, on the Loose Stream.
The town is six miles downstream from where the River Medway, having flowed in a generally west–east direction, is joined by the Rivers Teise and Beult at Yalding and changes its course to a northerly one. It cuts through the ridge formed by the greensand, so that the town occupies a site on two opposite hills, the easterly one containing the town centre. Beyond that, and higher, is Penenden Heath.
Maidstone has continued to grow. In doing so it has incorporated hitherto separate settlements, villages and hamlets within its boundaries. These include Allington, Barming, Bearsted, Penenden Heath, Sandling, Tovil and Weavering Street. Housing estates include Grove Green, Harbourland, Ringlestone, Roseacre, Shepway, Senacre and Vinters Park.
Maidstone was at one time a centre of industry, brewing and paper making being among the most important. Nowadays smaller industrial units encircle the town. The site of Fremlin's Brewery, once the largest in Kent, is now Fremlin Walk shopping centre. The pedestrianised areas of the High Street and King Street run up from the river crossing at Lockmeadow; Week Street and Gabriel's Hill bisect this route.
Kent experiences a maritime climate with cool summers and mild winters. The nearest official Met Office weather station for which online records are available is at East Malling, about three miles west of Maidstone.
East Malling's highest temperature of 37.4 °C (99.3 °F) was recorded in August 2003. The lowest temperature recorded is −17.8 °C (0.0 °F) during January 1947 and 1972. East Malling also holds the record for the mildest January day in South East England, 17.4 °C (63.3 °F), also set in 2003. The lowest temperature recorded in recent years was −10.7 °C (12.7 °F) on 20 December 2010. The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is "Cfb" (Marine West Coast Climate).
In the 2001 UK census, Maidstone town wards had a population of 75,070, a density of 28 residents per hectare. The town had 31,142 households, of which 38% were married couples, 29% were individuals, 10% were cohabiting couples, and 9% were single-parent families. 14% of households had someone living alone of pensionable age.
The ethnicity was 96.6% white, 0.9% mixed race, 0.3% Chinese, 1.5% other Asian, 0.4% Black and 0.3% other. The place of birth was 94.1% United Kingdom (91.4% England), 0.6% Republic of Ireland, 0.6% Germany, 1.3% other European countries, 1.7% Asia, 0.9% Africa and 0.8% elsewhere.
Religion was 73.9% Christian, 0.8% Muslim, 0.7% Hindu, 0.3% Buddhist, 0.14% Sikh and 0.11% Jewish. 15.8% had no religion, 0.6% had an alternative religion, and 7.7% did not state their religion.
Until 1998, the Sharps toffee factory (later part of Cadbury Trebor Basset), was in central Maidstone and provided a significant source of employment.
Loudspeaker manufacturer KEF was founded in 1961 on the premises of the metal-working operation Kent Engineering & Foundry (hence KEF). KEF still occupies the same river-bank site. In the late 1990s KEF manufactured a loudspeaker called "the Maidstone".
The town centre has the largest office centre in the county and the area is a base for the paper and packaging industry. Many high-technology firms have set up in surrounding business parks.
Southern Water and Mid Kent Water operate the Maidstone water system.
The town is ranked in the top five shopping centres in the south east of England for shopping yields and, with more than one million square feet of retail floor space, in the top 50 in the UK. Much of this space is located in the two main shopping centres in the town, the 535,000 square feet (49,700 m2) The Mall Maidstone and the 32,500 square metres (350,000 sq ft) Fremlin Walk which opened in 2006.
Other recent developments include the riverside Lockmeadow Centre, with a multiplex cinema, restaurants, nightclubs, and the town's market square. The leisure industry is a key contributor with the night-time economy worth £75m per annum.
In the 2001 UK census, 45.2% of residents aged 16–74 were employed full-time, 12.7% part-time, 7.6% self-employed and 2.5% unemployed, while 2.3% were students with jobs, 3.0% without jobs, 12.9% retired, 6.6% looking after home or family, 3.8% permanently sick or disabled and 3.2% economically inactive for other reasons. These figures were roughly in line with the national average.
Employment, by industry, was 19% retail; 13% real estate; 11% manufacturing; 9% construction; 7% transport and communications; 10% health and social work; 8% public administration; 7% education; 5% finance; 4% hotels and restaurants; 1% agriculture; 1% energy and water supply; and 5% other. Compared to national figures, Maidstone had a high percentage of workers in construction and public administration, and a low percentage in agriculture.
According to the Office for National Statistics estimates, the average gross income of households between April 2001 and March 2002 was £595 per week (£31,000 per year).
Residential developments along the river upstream of the Palace.
One of the first roads in Kent to be turnpiked was from Rochester to Maidstone, in 1728. The A20 runs through the town and the M20 motorway runs to the north. Opened in 1960 as the Maidstone Bypass A20(M), this was the first motorway south of London. Maidstone is a hub for major roads: the M20 motorway, the A229, A249, A20 and A26. The M2 motorway is a short distance to the north and the A21 also runs close to the town. The historic centre of the town is largely pedestrianised or with restricted access for private vehicles, which are diverted around a one way system.
The River Medway was, until the coming of better roads and the railways, the principal means of transporting goods. Improvements had been made in about 1730 to the river so that barges of 40 tons could get upriver to East Farleigh, Yalding and Tonbridge. This meant that a good deal of trade, including corn, hops, fodder, fruit, stone and timber passed through the town, where there were several wharves.
The medieval stone bridge was replaced in 1879 to give better clearance: it was designed by Sir Joseph Bazalgette. A second bridge, St Peter's Bridge, was built in 1977.
Today the river is of importance mainly to pleasure-boat owners and the considerable number of people living on houseboats. For many years there has been a river festival during the last weekend in July, and a millennium project inaugurated the Medway River Walk, the Medway Park and a new footbridge linking the former cattle market (now a multiplex cinema and nightclub) west of the river to the shopping area to the east.
Bus services centre on High Street, King Street and the Chequers Bus Station adjacent to the Mall shopping centre and serve nearby towns including Chatham, Faversham, Sittingbourne, Tonbridge, Royal Tunbridge Wells, Ashford and Tenterden. Most services are operated by Arriva and some operated by Nu-Venture.
Stagecoach also operates route 10X in the town to Ashford via Lenham, with most buses continuing onto Hythe and Folkestone.
There are weekday commuter coach services between Maidstone and London.
Former bus operators in Maidstone include Maidstone & District Motor Services (M&D); Maidstone Borough Council Transport, later Boro'line Maidstone; and Bygone Buses.
In 2004 the centenary of Maidstone Corporation Transport was marked with several events, featuring a preserved Maidstone trolleybus.
When the railways were built in the 1840s, Maidstone was not well served. It was reported at the time that inhabitants were bitterly opposed to the railway, the mayor suggesting that "Maidstone will be ruined as a commercial town". It was said that wharfingers and corn and coal merchants would be hardest hit.
In 1842, the South Eastern Railway, to reach the Channel ports of Folkestone and Dover, put its main line through Tonbridge and Ashford, some 6 miles (9.7 km) to the south. A station named Maidstone Road was built in an isolated spot called Paddock Wood, from where coaches were run to the county town.
The 1874 Maidstone East line crossing the River Medway; also on the bridge is a footpath connecting Maidstone East with Maidstone Barracks.
Two years later a branch line was built to Maidstone. In 1846 the Medway Valley Line connected Strood with the town. It was not until 1874 that the line from London arrived, and another ten years before Ashford was connected by rail. There are three stations: Maidstone West and Maidstone Barracks on the Medway Valley Line (whose platforms are visible one from the other); and Maidstone East on the Ashford line.
In 1905, the Headcorn & Maidstone Junction Light Railway was authorised under the 1896 Light Railways Act to link Maidstone with Sutton Valence and Headcorn, linking with the Kent & East Sussex Railway. The only part built was a short branch serving the paper mills at Tovil.
The Medway Valley Walk between Tonbridge and Gillingham passes through the town, following the banks of the river.
Between 1928 and 1967, Maidstone had a small trolleybus network. The system had two main routes from the High Street, one along Tonbridge Road to a terminus near the Bull Inn at Barming and the other along Loose Road and Sutton Road to Park Wood, with a spur along to Loose village.
The town is served by 15 secondary schools, 23 primary schools, and two special schools. Non-selective secondary schools include Cornwallis Academy, Maplesden Noakes, New Line Learning Academy, St Augustine Academy, St. Simon Stock School and Valley Park School. Grammar schools serving the town include Maidstone Grammar School, Invicta Grammar School, Maidstone Grammar School for Girls and Oakwood Park Grammar School.
Alumni of the oldest school, Maidstone Grammar School (founded 1549), include James Burke, television presenter, and Lord Beeching, of the British railway cuts of the 1960s. William Golding, author of Lord of the Flies was once a teacher at the school.
Oakwood Park to the west of the town is host to a regional campus of the University for the Creative Arts (formerly Kent Institute of Art & Design) at which Turner Prize nominated artist Tracey Emin, fashion designer Karen Millen and television personality and artist Tony Hart studied.
In the 2001 census, 15.7% of residents aged 16–74 had a higher education qualification or equivalent, below the national average of 19.9%. 27.5% had no academic qualifications, compared to the national figure of 28.9%.
In 2001, religions were 73.9% Christian, 0.8% Muslim, 0.7% Hindu, 0.3% Buddhist, 0.14% Sikh and 0.11% Jewish. 15.8% had no religion, 0.6% had an alternative religion, while 7.7% did not state their religion.
All Saints' Church in the town centre was the collegiate church of the College of All Saints built in 1395 next to the Archbishop's Palace. It is a landmark building[clarification needed] and is one of the largest and widest parish churches in England. It contains a monument to Sir Jacob Astley, the Royalist Civil War soldier and a memorial to Lawrence Washington, great-uncle of George Washington's great-great-grandfather, that includes the stars and stripes in the family coat of arms The college, the church, the palace and the palace's tithe barn are all Grade I listed buildings.
A Twinning Association Committee meets every month. It organises annual trips to the Jeanne Hachette Festival in Beauvais. An annual sporting weekend is also held, with Maidstone and Beauvais taking it in turns to host the event.
There are several radio stations based in the town, or which broadcast to it. KMFM Maidstone, formerly CTR 105.6, is the local commercial station. It used to broadcast from studios on mill street, however now broadcasts from the studios of sister station KMFM Medway in Strood.
Hospital Radio Maidstone, which broadcasts from Maidstone Hospital, is one of the longest serving hospital radio stations in the UK.
A new version of former pirate radio station Radio Caroline broadcasts (via Sky and the internet) from The Maidstone Studios, an independent television studio complex in the Vinters Park area, once home to the former ITV company TVS. Several national TV shows are also filmed at the studios.
Heart Kent used to broadcast from studios in Earl Street.
Theatres include the Hazlitt Theatre; RiverStage; The Exchange Studio (previously the ‘‘Corn Exchange’’); and the Hermitage Millennium Amphitheatre.
Maidstone is mentioned several times in Ian Fleming's 1955 James Bond novel, Moonraker. Villain Hugo Drax passes through King Street and Gabriels Hill and later stops at the Thomas Wyatt Hotel.
Writer Jack London recounts his visit to Maidstone in his 1903 book The People of the Abyss. Whilst living in the slums of London in the summer of 1902, he heads to Maidstone in search of hop-picking work up the London Road. He finds lodgings with a "Sea Wife" living in the poor quarter of Maidstone, and persuades her and her husband to let him stay in their front room.
Maidstone Museum & Art Gallery is located in the town centre, near to the Fremlin Walk shopping centre. Operated by Maidstone Borough Council, the museum is open seven days a week, with free admission. The Museum & Art Gallery has a large collection of over 600,000 objects, including collections about ancient Egyptians; archaeology; costume; ethnography; biology; fine and decorative art; geology; Japanese decorative arts and prints; and local history. It also hosts temporary exhibitions.
The core of the museum is located within the former Chillington Manor, an Elizabethan manor house completed in 1577. New wings were added to the building in the 19th century. A striking gold-coloured extension was added in 2012 which has extended the display space by 40% but the modern design has divided opinion.
Kent Life, formerly the Museum of Kent Life, is an open air rural life museum at Sandling, near Allington Locks, on the east bank of the River Medway. The museum includes a collection of historic buildings including a chapel, village hall and old houses. It also includes displays on agriculture, including a farm yard and farm animals.
The Tyrwhitt-Drake Museum of Carriages is located in a Grade I Listed tithe barn near the Archbishop's Palace. The museum was established by Sir Garrard Tyrwhitt-Drake, a former mayor of Maidstone, who amassed a large collection of horse-drawn vehicles.
Following the NASA tradition of naming craters on Mars after small towns, the Maidstone crater was added to the list of Martian geographical features in 1976.
Maidstone United was formed in 1897. The club gained promotion to the Football League in 1989, from non-league football. The club could not bring its London Road Ground up to Football League standards so it ground-shared at Dartford's Watling Street stadium and played its games there. It went bankrupt in 1992. A new club was formed and made its way from the Kent County League Division 4 to the Isthmian (Ryman) Premier Division, in 2014 being in the Ryman Premier Division. The club moved into the new Gallagher Stadium at James Whatman Way in summer 2012. Since then, it has been promoted to the National League South and now plays in the National League, bringing fifth-tier football back to the club for the first time since 1989.
Maidstone Hockey Club is one of the oldest hockey clubs in the country, founded in 1878. For the 2011/12 season, the Ladies' 1st XI play in the National League East Conference, having won the East Premier League the previous season, and the Men's 1st XI play in the South Hockey League 1st XI Premier League Division 2. The Men's and Women's 1st squad were both represented in the Indoor England Hockey League Division 2, with the Men having previously won the Division 2 title in 2008/09. The club has seven men's and four women's sides playing in national, regional and county leagues.
Maidstone Rugby Football Club is one of the older rugby clubs in England having been founded in 1880. The club runs 6 senior men's sides and a junior section. In the 2014/15 season they were unbeaten and won the National RFU Intermediate Cup at Twickenham Stadium.
Kent County Cricket Club used Mote Park as a regular out-ground for some 150 years until 2005. Mote Park is the town's largest park and includes a number of recreational and sport facilities. The Lashings World XI exhibition cricket team is based in Maidstone and has included a number of high-profile professional cricketers.
Maidstone Sailing Club sails on Mote Park lake. Maidstone also has a rowing club, a martial arts school, a tennis club, an athletics club, an American football team and a basketball club.
A baseball team, the Kent Mariners, is based in the town, playing in the BBF AA South division.
Angela Barnes (born 1976), actress and comedian, grew up in Maidstone.
^ "Grid Reference Finder". gridreferencefinder.com.
^ "2011 Census - Built-up areas". NOMIS. June 2013. Retrieved 7 September 2017.
^ "Origin of place name". Hereshistorykent.org.uk. Archived from the original on 20 July 2011. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
^ "UK | England | Kent | Dig uncovers a Roman bath house". BBC News. 3 June 2004. Retrieved 2 September 2012.
^ Roberts, Matt T.; Etherington, Don. "Whatman, James (1741-1798)". Bookbinding and the conservation of books; A dictionary of descriptive terminology. U.S. Government Printing Office. ISBN 0844403660.
^ "Parliamentary accounts and papers". UK Parliament. 23 July 1847. Retrieved 9 December 2015.
^ "A History of 36 Engineer Regiment" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 April 2014. Retrieved 6 April 2014.
^ "Widdecombe to stand down as MP". London: Guardian.co.uk. 8 October 2007. Archived from the original on 15 October 2007. Retrieved 23 November 2007.
^ "Kent County Councillors. Retrieved 30 April 2012". Democracy.kent.gov.uk. Retrieved 2 September 2012.
^ "Election Maps". Ordnance Survey. Archived from the original on 13 November 2007. Retrieved 23 November 2007.
^ "Maidstone Borough Council". Maidstone Borough Council. Retrieved 29 March 2007.
^ "Locateinmaidstone.com". Locateinmaidstone.com. 23 May 2011. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
^ "Ten Fascinating Historical Facts About Maidstone". Kent Online. 18 March 2016. Retrieved 2 April 2017.
^ "2003 Heatwave". Met Office. Archived from the original on 28 February 2011.
^ "2003 January". Met Office.
^ "2010 December". Met Office.
^ "Travel Weather Averages (Weatherbase)". Weatherbase. Retrieved 28 September 2015.
^ "East Malling 1961-90 averages". Met Office. Archived from the original on 10 February 2001. Retrieved 16 September 2011.
^ a b c d e f g "Neighbourhood Statistics". Statistics.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 25 May 2011. Retrieved 23 November 2007.
^ "Kent Schools - Search". webapps.kent.gov.uk. Retrieved 21 October 2017.
^ "Jubilee Church Maidstone". TotalGiving. Retrieved 3 August 2018.
^ "Masada Jubilee Church". Jubilee church. Retrieved 3 August 2018.
^ "Town Twinning (Beauvais)". Maidstone Borough Council. Retrieved 11 August 2014.
^ Fleming, Ian (1965). Moonraker. Pan. p. 131.
^ London, Jack (1963). The People of the Abyss. Panther. p. 75.
^ "Collections". Maidstone Museum. Retrieved 11 August 2014.
^ "Maidstone Museum's new £3.7m extension officially opens". BBC News. 31 March 2014. Retrieved 11 August 2014.
^ "Mars crater named after Tooting". BBC News. 11 January 1998. Retrieved 28 November 2010.
^ "IAU Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature".
^ "EML Latest results&tables NE". East-hockey2.co.uk. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
^ "Premier - Division 1". South-league.com. 16 April 2011. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
^ "Englandhockey.co.uk". Englandhockey.co.uk. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
^ "Englandhockey.co.uk". Englandhockey.co.uk. 22 January 2009. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
^ "Maidstone Rugby Club". Maidstonerugby.org.uk. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
^ "Magnificent Maidstone cap perfect season with Intermediate Cup victory". England Rugby. Retrieved 10 March 2018.
^ "Lashings CC relinked 15 December 2011". Retrieved 10 March 2018.
^ "Charlton Athletic: Joe Pigott signs new contract". BBC Sport. BBC. 3 September 2013. Retrieved 12 February 2018.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Maidstone.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Maidstone.
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What are scribe and profile cutters?
Scribe and profile router cutters are tools that shape the edges of two pieces of material so that they fit together perfectly. This is necessary when making frames, usually for windows or doors, but also for things like pictures, mirrors or even cabinet doors.
Which is the scriber and which is the profiler?
Scribers are the tools that cut shaped grooves or recesses. They tend to widen towards the tip. Profilers shape material to fit into the groove or recess that is created by a scriber. They tend to widen towards the shank.
Most scribe and profile router cutters have two flutes and so should produce a reasonably clean finish in materials.
Scribe and profile cutters cannot plunge cut, as they are only designed for edging work.
Scribe cutters have bearing guides mounted on their shanks. Profile cutters have bearing guides mounted on their tips.
Scribers and profilers, when used as a pair, are most often used for specific jointing applications such as the creation of decorative door, window or picture frames, or skirting boards.
It's very rare that a scriber would be used on its own for decorative purposes. However, many of the profilers used are popular shapes such as ogee or ovolo, and could be used in the same way as those specific router cutters.
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RESVERATROL (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) is both a polyphenol, which provides color in plants, and a phytoalexin, a class of chemical compounds that plants produce for protection against disease, especially fungal infections. Resveratrol can be found in roots, stalks, vines, seeds, and fruit. Plants as diverse as vines, lilies, and pines produce resveratrol.
Resveratrol is also present in several sources of human food, such as peanuts and raspberries. Nature's highest concentration of resveratrol, however, is in the skin of grapes. While there is a fairly wide variation in content between grape varieties, those grown in climates that are cool and damp, where fungal diseases are more prevalent, are found to have especially high resveratrol content.
The prophylactic effect of resveratrol in plants may also benefit humans. Clinical and statistical evidence and laboratory studies have shown that resveratrol boosts the immune system, blocks the formation of some cancers, offers protections against heart disease, and even prolongs life generally. Research is in its relative infancy, since resveratrol only gained the attention of the scientific community near the end of the 20th Century, as a possible explanation of the "French Paradox".
It is known that resveratrol is highly-effective as an antioxidant, compared to vitamins C or E, but not as effective as quercetin and epicatechin, which are other anti-oxidants found in red wine.
A study published in the 2004 year-end edition of the American Journal of Physiology indicates that resveratrol inhibits formation of a protein that produces a condition called cardio fibrosis, a condition which reduces the heart's pumping efficiency when it is needed most, at times of stress.
A Harvard study of factors that influence aging, as reported in the May 8, 2003, issue of the journal Nature, shows that resveratrol extends the lifespan of yeast cells, round worms, and fruit flies, by as much as 80%. Preliminary results of tests on multicellular animals are encouraging; study co-author David Sinclair told Reuters News Agency that "Not many people know about it yet, but those who do have almost invariably changed their drinking habits, that is, they drink more red wine."
Resveratrol content in wine is directly related to how long the skins macerate in the fermentation. One fluid ounce of red wine contains more than double the amount of resveratrol found in an ounce by weight of peanuts. White wine, since it is made from juice that is pressed and separated from the skins prior to fermentation, contains very little. Regardless of color, resveratrol content in wine is so miniscule that it should not enter into a wine consumption decision. Grape juice, which is not fermented, is also not a significant source of resveratrol, regardless of color.
Although research collectively shows that regular moderate red wine consumption produces benefits, it is not yet known whether or how efficiently the body absorbs and processes resveratrol or other compounds found in red wine. Overall, while the potential for health benefits is encouraging, not enough study has yet been completed to prescribe increased red wine usage to the general population. The possibilities of alcohol addiction and liver damage are risks that still outweigh the benefits for many.
For further explanations of resveratrol and assessments of its health potential, see Quackwatch: Resveratrol and Better Humans: Longevity Uncorked.
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I have a cat which is a cross between Persian & Siamese. I got her from a friend who got her as a gift, but couldn't take care of her.
She has been with us for about a month now and she was pregnant when she came to my place. She has never been playful, just lying around or eating is all she does.
Since this morning she has been acting a little weird. She is not eating anything or drinking anything. She just walks around the house, sits at a place for a few minutes and then to a different place for a few minutes. She keeps her mouth open and Meows whenever she sees somebody, although, she never used to Meow before.
Please tell me what to do? Me & My Mom are really scared and nervous about her. Is everything alright with her? What should we do?
The actions you are describing could be those of a pregnant cat about to go into labor. Other than that, I couldn't tell you if she is well or not without examining her and/or having more information.
If she hasn't delivered by now or returned to acting normally, you should take her to a veterinarian.
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The linguistic connections between Japanese and the Ural-Altaic language family have led many to suggest that the Japanese migrated from North Asia, though others have argued the possibility of migrations from Southeast Asia and the South Pacific. In any case, migrations of what constitute the majority of Japanese today over the centuries brought them into conflict with other ethnic groups already inhabiting the archipelago. For example, there is record of conflict against the Emishi of northeastern Honshu in the ninth century. Better known are the Ainu—a people ethnically distinct from the majority Japanese—whose culture had grown in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. The Japanese gradually pushed the Ainu north so that by the early Tokugawa period (early seventeenth century) they had either been eliminated or pushed to northern Hokkaido.
The existence of such ethnic groups and the history of their gradual territorial marginalization suggest the existence of racial identities, but they do not seem dominant among commoners. Lacking a strong central government for much of its medieval period, and probably because such contact existed mostly on the periphery, most of the commoner population were more concerned with the associations that governed daily life—relationships with kin, village, temple, and the regional lord. Indeed, there is some evidence of fluidity between ethnic groups where there was such contact: Under certain circumstances, some Japanese in Hokkaido identified themselves with "barbarians," and some "barbarians" blended into mainstream society by becoming loyal imperial subjects.
During the Tokugawa period (1600–1868), however, there are indications that racial identities were recognized and nurtured at least among ruling elites and perhaps those living and working in close proximity to such ethnic groups. At least in Hokkaido, distinctly "Japanese" and "Ainu" identities formed during this period with clear discriminatory intentions. This was true also with the Ryukyuans down south. Many in Tokugawa society also differentiated themselves from those classified as eta (outcaste) and hinin (nonpersons) who, though phenotypically no different from the majority population, were ostracized by society and forced to do menial or dirty work. Intermarriage was avoided, and the children born into these groups were marked for life. Despite little "biological" difference, Tokugawa society perceived here a problem of ancestry and discriminated against them.
Japan's modern era began with foreigners helping to open the country to a world dominated by Western influence. Western notions of race including Social Darwinism would deeply impact Japanese racial thought. The Meiji Constitutional order established the state based upon the notion that the Emperor was a direct descendant of the original Yamato clan, and that the Japanese people were in some way "organically" related to the emperor, thus creating the notion of a single, homogeneous racial identity. These ideas would provide a powerful foundation for nurturing an intense nationalism.
The speed of Japan's development led leaders to envision an empire that would prove notions of Western superiority wrong. At the same time, many viewed Japanese civilization and race as having something to offer to the "less developed" peoples of Asia. This would lead to imperial expansion abroad and oppression at home. After the Meiji Restoration (1868), the government incorporated Ainu land and implemented assimilation policies. The Ryukyuans, now Okinawans, were also expected to assimilate into mainstream culture. The term burakumin (hamlet people) replaced the terms eta and hinin, but such semantic changes did little to stop discriminatory practices. Japan's extended empire also gave rise to a domestic Korean population who also experienced severe discrimination.
Prewar conceptions regarding the peculiar uniqueness of the Japanese race continued in postwar Japan. Likewise, racial discrimination continues to exist in the postwar era. Although the post–World War II constitution has granted equal rights, and Japan has participated in international agreements to respect minority rights, it was only in 1991 that the Ainu were recognized as a minority people with individual rights and 1997 that the government recognized them corporately as an indigenous group with rights to defend their distinctive culture. Laws have not addressed the history of discrimination, nor those living outside of Hokkaido. Discrimination against Koreans residing in Japan and against the Okinawans since the modern period as a result of Japan's expansionism earlier in the century has also remained an issue throughout the twentieth century.
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How can you make the right and most efficient decision when identifying better solutions to improve on and apply to the overall performance of your organization? Ever changing marketing trends and targeting customers through their behavior and traffic patterns is the driving force for integrating business intelligence tools that provide greater insights than the way we previously used manual marketing forecasts.
This process is responsible for connecting to and extracting data from one or more transactional systems (source systems), transforming it according to the business rules defined through the business objectives, and loading it into the all important data model.
Proper management of organizations, regardless of their size and scope of economic activity goes through the effective management of projects that generate and execute it. And moreover if these actions take place in an international setting, where in addition to cultural diversity may influence other factors such as generation, companies need to have professionals with the skills and adaptability required to address different situations.
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Park Bom, hint of the new song '4:44'?
Park Bom suddenly posted a meaningful image, such like hint about the release of a new song, on her SNS account early April 4.
The posted images include the number "4:44" in red letters, and the hashtag "#Denation # Brave Brother" is adding to the growing curiosity of fans.
Park Bom made her first solo comeback in eight years with her new album "Spring," has made such successful comeback moves that her long absence will be overshadowed by the number one candidate for various music shows with her title track "Feat. Sandara Park," as well as her real-time chart of major music sites in Korea and K-pop song charts in 11 countries of iTunes.
Despite her short solo career for about three weeks, curiosity is growing at the news, which seems to hint of a new song, as she has been counting on the next step by producing meaningful results.
Her agency Denation Entertainment said “It's been such a grateful time for fans to wait a long time since their return in March that they have been able to confirm their hot love and interest, and the artist is also preparing to show a variety of features, and will soon be able to give you some new news.
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The 1979 release of the retrospective album Fruit Tree triggered a reassessment of Drake's music. By the mid-1980s, he was credited as an influence by such artists as Robert Smith, David Sylvian, and Peter Buck. In 1985, the Dream Academy reached the UK and US charts with "Life in a Northern Town", a song written for and dedicated to Drake. By the early 1990s, he had come to represent a "doomed romantic" musician in the UK music press. The first Drake biography was published in 1997, followed in 1998 by the documentary film A Stranger Among Us. In 1999, his song "Pink Moon" was used in a Volkswagen commercial, resulting in an increase in his U.S. album sales. By 2014, more than 2.4 million Nick Drake albums had been sold in the UK and the US.
Drake’s father, Rodney Shuttleworth Drake (1908–1988), moved to Rangoon, Burma, in the early 1930s to work as an engineer with the Bombay Burmah Trading Corporation. In 1934, Rodney met the daughter of a senior member of the Indian Civil Service, Mary Lloyd (1916–1993). Rodney Drake proposed in 1936, though they had to wait a year until she turned 21 before her family allowed them to marry. In 1950 they returned to England to live in Warwickshire at their home, Far Leys, in Tanworth-in-Arden, south of Birmingham, the city where Rodney Drake worked from 1952 as the Chairman and Managing Director of Wolseley Engineering.
Nick's older sister, Gabrielle, became a successful screen actress. Both parents were musically inclined and each wrote music. Recordings of Molly's songs, which have come to light since her death, are similar in tone and outlook to the later work of her son; they shared a similar fragile vocal delivery, and Gabrielle and biographer Trevor Dann noted a parallel foreboding and fatalism in their music. Encouraged by his mother, Drake learned to play piano at an early age and began to compose songs which he recorded on a reel-to-reel tape recorder she kept in the family drawing room.
In 1957, Drake was sent to Eagle House School, a preparatory boarding school near Sandhurst, Berkshire. Five years later, he went to Marlborough College, a public school in Wiltshire attended by his father, grandfather, and great-grandfather. He developed an interest in sport, becoming an accomplished sprinter over 100 and 200 yards, representing the school's Open Team in 1966. He played rugby for the C1 House team and was appointed a House Captain in his last two terms. School friends recall Drake as having been confident, often aloof, and "quietly authoritative". His father Rodney remembered: "In one of his reports [the headmaster] said that none of us seemed to know him very well. All the way through with Nick. People didn't know him very much."
Drake played piano in the school orchestra, and learned clarinet and saxophone. He formed a band, the Perfumed Gardeners, with four schoolmates in 1964 or 1965. With Drake on piano and occasional alto sax and vocals, the group performed Pye International R&B covers and jazz standards, as well as Yardbirds and Manfred Mann songs. Chris de Burgh asked to join the band, but was rejected as his taste was "too poppy".
Drake's academic performance deteriorated and, while he had accelerated a year in Eagle House, at Marlborough he began to neglect his studies in favour of music. In 1963 he attained seven GCE O-Levels, fewer than his teachers had been expecting, failing "Physics with Chemistry", a fallback for students who struggled with science. In 1965, Drake paid £13 (equivalent to £247 in 2018) for his first acoustic guitar, a Levin, and was soon experimenting with open tuning and finger-picking techniques.
In 1966, Drake enrolled at a tutorial college in Five Ways, Birmingham, where he won a scholarship to study at Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge. He delayed attendance to spend six months at the University of Aix-Marseille, France, beginning in February 1967, where he began to practise guitar in earnest. To earn money, he would busk with friends in the town centre. Drake began to smoke cannabis, and he travelled with friends to Morocco; according to travelling companion Richard Charkin, "that was where you got the best pot". He most likely began using LSD while in Aix, and lyrics written during this period—in particular for "Clothes of Sand"— suggest an interest in hallucinogens.
On returning to England, Drake moved into his sister's flat in Hampstead, London, before enrolling at Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge University that October to study English Literature. His tutors found him bright but unenthusiastic and unwilling to apply himself. His biographer, Trevor Dann, notes that he had difficulty connecting with staff and fellow students, and that matriculation photographs from this time portray a sullen young man. Cambridge placed emphasis on its rugby and cricket teams, yet by this time Drake had lost interest in sport, preferring to stay in his college room smoking cannabis, and listening to and playing music. According to fellow student Brian Wells, "they were the rugger buggers and we were the cool people smoking dope".
In September 1967, Drake met Robert Kirby, a music student who went on to orchestrate many of the string and woodwind arrangements for Drake's first two albums. By this time, Drake had discovered the British and American folk music scenes, and was influenced by performers such as Bob Dylan, Donovan, Van Morrison, Josh White and Phil Ochs. He began performing in local clubs and coffee houses around London, and in February 1968, while playing support to Country Joe and the Fish at the Roundhouse in Camden Town, made an impression on Ashley Hutchings, bass player with Fairport Convention. Hutchings recalls being impressed by Drake's guitar skill, but even more so by his image: "He looked like a star. He looked wonderful, he seemed to be 7 ft [tall]."
In those days you didn't have cassettes—he brought a reel-to-reel tape [to me] that he'd done at home. Half way through the first song, I felt this was pretty special. And I called him up, and he came back in, and we talked, and I just said, "I'd like to make a record." He stammered, "Oh, well, yeah. Okay." Nick was a man of few words.
According to Drake's friend Paul Wheeler, Drake had already decided not to complete his third year at Cambridge and was excited by the contract.
Drake began recording his debut album Five Leaves Left later in 1968, with Boyd as producer. Drake skipped lectures to travel by train to the sessions in Sound Techniques studio, London. Inspired by John Simon's production of Leonard Cohen's album Songs of Leonard Cohen, Boyd was keen that Drake's voice would be recorded in a similar close and intimate style, "with no shiny pop reverb". He sought to include a string arrangement similar to Simon's, "without overwhelming ... or sounding cheesy". To provide backing, Boyd enlisted various contacts from the London folk rock scene, including Fairport Convention guitarist Richard Thompson and Pentangle bassist Danny Thompson (no relation). To provide string arrangements, Boyd already had in mind Richard A. Hewson.
Initial recordings did not go well: the sessions were irregular and rushed, taking place during studio downtime borrowed from Fairport Convention's production of their Unhalfbricking album. Tension arose as to the direction of the album: Boyd was an advocate of George Martin's approach of "using the studio as an instrument", while Drake preferred a more organic sound. Dann has observed that Drake appears "tight and anxious" on bootleg recordings from the sessions, and notes a number of Boyd's unsuccessful attempts at instrumentation. Both were unhappy with Hewson's contribution, which they felt was too mainstream for Drake's songs. Drake suggested his college friend Robert Kirby as a replacement. Though Boyd was sceptical about taking on an inexperienced amateur music student, he was impressed by Drake's uncharacteristic assertiveness, and agreed to a trial. Kirby had previously presented Drake with some arrangements for his songs. While Kirby provided most arrangements for the album, its centrepiece "River Man", which echoed the tone of Delius, was orchestrated by the veteran composer Harry Robertson.
"River Man" is noted for its 5/4 time, harmonic changes and use of prosody. An early solo acoustic version recorded in Drake's Cambridge college bedroom appears on the 2004 compilation Made To Love Magic.
Post-production difficulties delayed the release by several months, and the album was poorly marketed and supported. In July, Melody Maker described Five Leaves Left as "poetic" and "interesting", though NME wrote in October that there was "not nearly enough variety to make it entertaining". It received little radio play outside shows by more progressive BBC DJs such as John Peel and Bob Harris. Drake was unhappy with the inlay sleeve, which printed songs in the wrong running order and reproduced verses omitted from the recorded versions. In an interview, his sister Gabrielle said: "He was very secretive. I knew he was making an album but I didn't know what stage of completion it was at until he walked into my room and said, 'There you are.' He threw it onto the bed and walked out!"
Drake ended his studies at Cambridge nine months before graduation, and in autumn 1969 moved to London. His father remembered "writing him long letters, pointing out the disadvantages of going away from Cambridge ... a degree was a safety net, if you manage to get a degree, at least you have something to fall back on; his reply to that was that a safety net was the one thing he did not want." Drake spent his first few months in London drifting from place to place, occasionally staying at his sister's Kensington flat but usually sleeping on friends’ sofas and floors. Eventually, in an attempt to bring some stability and a telephone into Drake's life, Boyd organised and paid for a ground floor bedsit in Belsize Park, Camden.
The folkies did not take to him; [they] wanted songs with choruses. They completely missed the point. He didn't say a word the entire evening. It was actually quite painful to watch. I don't know what the audience expected, I mean, they must have known they weren't going to get sea-shanties and sing-alongs at a Nick Drake gig!
The experience reinforced Drake's decision to retreat from live appearances; the few concerts he did play around this time were usually brief, awkward, and poorly attended. Drake seemed reluctant to perform and rarely addressed his audience. As many of his songs were played in different tunings, he frequently paused to retune between numbers.
Although the publicity generated by Five Leaves Left was minor, Boyd was keen to build on what momentum there was. Drake's second album, 1971's Bryter Layter, again produced by Boyd and engineered by John Wood, introduced a more upbeat, jazzier sound.
Disappointed by his debut's poor commercial performance, Drake sought to move away from his pastoral sound, and agreed to Boyd's suggestions to include bass and drum tracks. "It was more of a pop sound, I suppose," Boyd later said. "I imagined it as more commercial." Like its predecessor, the album featured musicians from Fairport Convention, as well as contributions from John Cale on two songs: "Northern Sky" and "Fly". Trevor Dann noted that while sections of "Northern Sky" sound more characteristic of Cale, the song was the closest Drake came to a release with chart potential. Cale used heroin during this period, and his older friend Brian Wells suspected that Drake was also using.
Boyd and Wood were confident that Bryter Layter would be a success, but it sold fewer than 3,000 copies. Reviews were again mixed: while Record Mirror praised Drake as a "beautiful guitarist—clean and with perfect timing, [and] accompanied by soft, beautiful arrangements", Melody Maker described the album as "an awkward mix of folk and cocktail jazz".
Soon after its release, Boyd sold Witchseason to Island Records, and moved to Los Angeles to work with Warner Brothers to develop film soundtracks. The loss of his mentor, coupled with the album's poor sales, led Drake into further depression. His attitude to London had changed: he was unhappy living alone, and visibly nervous and uncomfortable performing at a series of concerts in early 1970. In June, Drake gave one of his final live appearances at Ewell Technical College, Surrey. Ralph McTell, who also performed that night, remembered: "Nick was monosyllabic. At that particular gig he was very shy. He did the first set and something awful must have happened. He was doing his song 'Fruit Tree' and walked off halfway through it."
In 1971, Drake's family persuaded him to visit a psychiatrist at St Thomas's Hospital, London. He was prescribed antidepressants, but felt uncomfortable and embarrassed about taking them, and tried to hide the fact from his friends. He worried about their side effects and was concerned about how they would react with his regular cannabis use.
Island Records urged Drake to promote Bryter Layter through interviews, radio sessions and live appearances. Drake, who by this time was smoking what Kirby described as "unbelievable amounts" of cannabis and exhibiting "the first signs of psychosis", refused. Disappointed by the reaction to Bryter Layter, he turned his thoughts inwards, and withdrew from family and friends. He rarely left his flat, and then only to play an occasional concert or to buy drugs. His sister recalled: "This was a very bad time. He once said to me that everything started to go wrong from [this] time on, and I think that was when things started to go wrong."
Although Island neither expected nor wanted a third album, Drake approached Wood in October 1971 to begin work on what would be his final release. Sessions took place over two nights, with only Drake and Wood present in the studio. The bleak songs of Pink Moon are short, and the eleven-track album lasts only 28 minutes, a length described by Wood as "just about right. You really wouldn't want it to be any longer." Drake had expressed dissatisfaction with the sound of Bryter Layter, and believed that the string, brass and saxophone arrangements resulted in a sound that was "too full, too elaborate". Drake appears on Pink Moon accompanied only by his own carefully recorded guitar save for a piano overdub on the title track. Wood later said: "He was very determined to make this very stark, bare record. He definitely wanted it to be him more than anything. And I think, in some ways, Pink Moon is probably more like Nick is than the other two records."
The piano overdub on "Pink Moon" displays a musicality absent from some of the barer tracks on Drake's final album.
Drake delivered the tapes of Pink Moon to Chris Blackwell at Island Records, contrary to a popular legend which claims he dropped them off at the receptionist's desk without saying a word. An advertisement for the album in Melody Maker in February opened with "Pink Moon—Nick Drake's latest album: the first we heard of it was when it was finished." Pink Moon sold fewer copies than its predecessors, although it received some favourable reviews. In Zigzag, Connor McKnight wrote, "Nick Drake is an artist who never fakes. The album makes no concession to the theory that music should be escapist. It's simply one musician's view of life at the time, and you can't ask for more than that."
Blackwell felt Pink Moon had the potential to bring Drake to a mainstream audience; however, his staff were disappointed by Drake's unwillingness to promote it. A&R manager Muff Winwood recalled "tearing his hair out" in frustration, and said that without Blackwell's enthusiastic support "the rest of us would have given him the boot". At Boyd's insistence, Drake agreed to an interview with Jerry Gilbert of Sounds Magazine. The "shy and introverted" Drake spoke of his dislike of live appearances and little else. "There wasn't any connection whatsoever," Gilbert said. "I don't think he made eye contact with me once." Disheartened and convinced he would be unable to write again, Drake retired from music. He toyed with the idea of a different career, and considered the army.
In the months following Pink Moon's release, Drake became increasingly asocial and distant. He returned to live at his parents' home in Tanworth-in-Arden, and while he resented the regression, he accepted that his illness made it necessary. "I don't like it at home," he told his mother, "but I can't bear it anywhere else." His return was often difficult for his family; Gabrielle said, "good days in my parents' home were good days for Nick, and bad days were bad days for Nick. And that was what their life revolved around, really."
"Black Eyed Dog" from one of Drake's final recording sessions in February 1974. The title was inspired by Winston Churchill's description, taken from Samuel Johnson, of depression as a black dog.
Drake lived a frugal existence; his only income was a £20-a-week retainer he received from Island Records (equivalent to £238 in 2018). At one point he could not afford a new pair of shoes. He would disappear for days, sometimes arriving unannounced at friends' houses, uncommunicative and withdrawn. Robert Kirby described a typical visit: "He would arrive and not talk, sit down, listen to music, have a smoke, have a drink, sleep there the night, and two or three days later he wasn't there, he'd be gone. And three months later he'd be back." Nick's supervision partner at Cambridge, John Venning, saw him on a tube train in London and felt he was seriously depressed: "There was something about him which suggested that he would have looked straight through me and not registered me at all. So I turned around."
John Martyn (who in 1973 wrote the title song of his album Solid Air about Drake) described Drake in this period as the most withdrawn person he had ever met. He would borrow his mother's car and drive for hours without purpose, until he ran out of petrol and had to ring his parents to ask to be collected. Friends recalled the extent to which his appearance had changed. During particularly bleak periods, he refused to wash his hair or cut his nails. Early in 1972, Drake had a nervous breakdown, and was hospitalized for five weeks. He was initially believed to suffer from major depression, although his former therapist suggested he was suffering from schizophrenia. His health problems were often reflected in his lyrics.
In February 1973, Drake contacted John Wood, stating he was ready to begin work on a fourth album. Boyd was in England at the time, and agreed to attend the recordings. The initial session was followed by recordings in July 1974. In his 2006 autobiography, Boyd recalled being taken aback at Drake's anger and bitterness: "[He said that] I had told him he was a genius, and others had concurred. Why wasn't he famous and rich? This rage must have festered beneath that inexpressive exterior for years." Boyd and Wood noticed a deterioration in Drake's performance, requiring him to overdub his voice separately over the guitar. However, the return to Sound Techniques' studio raised Drake's spirits; his mother recalled, "We were so absolutely thrilled to think that Nick was happy because there hadn't been any happiness in Nick's life for years."
By late 1974, Drake's weekly retainer from Island had ceased, and his severe depression meant he remained in contact with only a few close friends. He had tried to stay in touch with Sophia Ryde, whom he had met in London in 1968. Ryde has been described by Drake's biographers as "the nearest thing" to a girlfriend in his life, but she used the description "best (girl) friend". In a 2005 interview, Ryde said that a week before he died, she had sought to end the relationship: "I couldn't cope with it. I asked him for some time. And I never saw him again." As with the relationship he had shared with fellow folk musician Linda Thompson, Drake's relationship with Ryde was never consummated.
During the early hours of 25 November 1974, Drake died at his home from an overdose of amitriptyline, an antidepressant. He had gone to bed early after spending the afternoon visiting a friend. His mother said that around dawn he left his room for the kitchen. His family had heard him do this many times before, and presumed he was eating cereal. He returned to his room a short while later, and took some pills "to help him sleep".
Drake was accustomed to keeping his own hours; he frequently had difficulty sleeping and often stayed up through the night playing and listening to music, then slept late into the following morning. His mother later said: "I never used to disturb him at all. But it was about 12 o'clock, and I went in, because really it seemed it was time he got up. And he was lying across the bed. The first thing I saw was his long, long legs." There was no suicide note, although a letter addressed to Ryde was found close to his bed.
The grave where Drake's ashes are buried with those of his parents. The gravestone is inscribed with the epitaph "Now we rise / And we are everywhere", taken from the lyrics of "From the Morning", the final song on Drake's final album, Pink Moon.
At the inquest in December, the coroner stated that the cause of death was "Acute amitriptyline poisoning—self-administered when suffering from a depressive illness", and concluded a verdict of suicide. Although the verdict has been disputed by some of his friends and members of his family, there is a widely held view that, accidental or not, Drake had by then "given up on life". Rodney described his son's death as unexpected and extraordinary; however, in a 1979 interview he said he had been "worried about Nick being so depressed. We used to hide away the aspirin and pills and things like that."
Boyd recalled that Drake's parents had described his mood in the preceding weeks as positive, and that he had planned to move back to London to restart his music career. Boyd believes that this uplift in spirits was followed by a "crash back into despair". Reasoning that Drake may have taken a high dosage of antidepressants to recapture this sense of optimism, he said he prefers to imagine Drake "making a desperate lunge for life rather than a calculated surrender to death". Writing in 1975, NME journalist Nick Kent commented on the irony of Drake's death at a time when he had just begun to regain a sense of "personal balance". In contrast, Gabrielle said "I'd rather he died because he wanted to end it than it to be the result of a tragic mistake. That would seem to me to be terrible: for it to be a plea for help that nobody hears."
On 2 December 1974, after a service in the Church of St Mary Magdalene, Tanworth-in-Arden, Drake's remains were cremated at Solihull Crematorium and his ashes interred under an oak tree in the church's graveyard. The funeral was attended by around fifty mourners, including friends from Marlborough, Aix, Cambridge, London, Witchseason, and Tanworth. Referring to Drake's tendency to compartmentalise relationships, Brian Wells observed that many met each other for the first time that morning. His mother Molly recalled "a lot of his young friends came up here. We'd never met many of them."
There were no documentaries or compilation albums in the wake of Drake's death. His public profile remained low throughout the 1970s, although his name appeared occasionally in the music press. By this time, his parents were receiving an increasing number of fans and admirers as visitors to the family home. Island Records, following a 1975 NME article written by Nick Kent, stated they had no plans of repackaging Drake's albums, but in 1979 Rob Partridge joined Island Records as press officer and commissioned the release of the Fruit Tree box set. The release compiled the three studio albums, the four tracks recorded with Wood in 1974, and an extensive biography written by the American journalist Arthur Lubow. Although sales were poor, Island Records never deleted the three albums from its catalogue.
By the mid-1980s, Drake was being cited as an influence by musicians such as Peter Buck of R.E.M. and Robert Smith of the Cure; Smith credited the origin of his band's name to a lyric from Drake's song "Time Has Told Me" ("a troubled cure for a troubled mind"). Drake gained further exposure in 1985 with the release of the Dream Academy's hit single "Life in a Northern Town", which included a dedication to Drake on its sleeve. In 1986, a biography of Drake was published in Danish; it was translated, updated with new interviews, and published in English in February 2012. Drake's reputation continued to grow, and by the end of the 1980s, his name was appearing regularly in newspapers and music magazines in the United Kingdom; he had come to represent a "doomed romantic hero".
On 20 June 1998, BBC Radio 2 broadcast a documentary, Fruit Tree: The Nick Drake Story, featuring interviews with Boyd, Wood, Gabrielle and Molly Drake, Paul Wheeler, Robert Kirby and Ashley Hutchings, and narrated by Danny Thompson. In early 1999, BBC2 aired a 40-minute documentary, A Stranger Among Us—In Search of Nick Drake. The following year, Dutch director Jeroen Berkvens released the documentary A Skin Too Few: The Days of Nick Drake, featuring interviews with Boyd, Gabrielle Drake, Wood and Kirby. Later that year, The Guardian placed Bryter Layter number one in its "Alternative Top 100 Albums Ever" list. In November 2014, Gabrielle published a biography of Drake.
Drake was obsessive about practising his guitar technique, and would stay up through the night writing and experimenting with alternative tunings. His mother remembered hearing him "bumping around at all hours. I think he wrote his nicest melodies in the early morning hours." Self-taught, he achieved his guitar style through the use of alternative tunings to create cluster chords, which are difficult to achieve on a guitar using standard tuning. In many songs he accents the dissonant effect of such non-standard tunings through his vocal melodies.
Drake, who studied English Literature at Cambridge, was drawn to the works of William Blake, William Butler Yeats and Henry Vaughan, and his lyrics reflect such influences. He also employed a series of elemental symbols and codes, largely drawn from nature. The moon, stars, sea, rain, trees, sky, mist and seasons are all commonly used, influenced in part by his rural upbringing. Images related to summer figure centrally in his early work; from Bryter Layter on, his language is more autumnal, evoking a season commonly used to convey senses of loss and sorrow. Throughout, Drake writes with detachment, more as an observer than participant, a point of view Rolling Stone's Anthony DeCurtis described "as if he were viewing his life from a great, unbridgeable distance".
This perceived inability to connect has led to much speculation about Drake's sexuality. Boyd has said he detects a virginal quality in his lyrics and music, and notes that he never observed or heard of the singer behaving in a sexual way with anyone, male or female. Kirby described Drake's lyrics as a "series of extremely vivid, complete observations, almost like a series of epigrammatic proverbs", though he doubts that Drake saw himself as "any sort of poet". Instead, Kirby believes that Drake's lyrics were crafted to "complement and compound a mood that the melody dictates in the first place".
Drake received little critical success during his lifetime, but has since been widely acclaimed. According to Acclaimed Music, he is the 101st most acclaimed recording artist of all time. All three of his original albums have been regarded in retrospect as masterpieces by numerous publications; Rolling Stone included all three on the magazine's list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time.
In 1994, Rolling Stone journalist Paul Evans said Drake's music "throbs with [an] aching beauty" similar to the 1968 Van Morrison album Astral Weeks. According to AllMusic critic Richie Unterberger, Drake was a "singular talent" who "produced several albums of chilling, somber beauty", which "with hindsight", have been "recognized as peak achievements of both the British folk-rock scene and the entire rock singer/songwriter genre." In Unterberger's estimation, Drake's following and acclaim have spanned generations, "in the manner of the young Romantic poets of the 19th century who died before their time ... Baby boomers who missed him the first time around found much to revisit once they discovered him, and his pensive loneliness speaks directly to contemporary alternative rockers who share his sense of morose alienation."
Less enthusiastic about Drake has been Robert Christgau, who audaciously wrote in Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies (1981): "I'm not inclined to revere suicides. But Drake's jazzy folk-pop is admired by a lot of people who have no use for Kenny Rankin, and I prefer to leave open the possibility that he's yet another English mystic (romantic?) I'm too set in my ways to hear." Years later, he was asked to elucidate what remained an unconventional appraisal of the singer-songwriter, and said: "Drake is admired and beloved by many, so many that I'm sure he was an artist of real originality and, for many, appeal ... Although there've been a few exceptions, I've never been attracted to hypersensitives or depressives, and Drake is both. I make no claim for the objective aesthetic value of these tastes. If you enjoy and admire him, go to it with my blessings—you have lots of intelligent company. Just not me."
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Did Lori Loughlin's husband Mossimo Giannulli lied about joining USC?
The study was funded by the pharmaceutical company Janssen, manufacturer of the drug Canagliflozin, which carries the brand name Invokana. In March, the company's US Food and Drug Administration (Canadliflozin) submitted a supplemental new drug application to help reduce the risk of end-stage renal disease and renal or cardiovascular death in adults with type 2 diabetes and to reduce chronic kidney disease.
The study included 4,401 patients, ages 30 and older, with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. These patients were randomized to take either canagliflozin or a placebo at 690 locations in 34 countries from March 2014 to May 2017.
They were monitored at 3, 13 and 26 weeks, during which the effects of the drug appeared to be monitored.
The researchers found that in the canagliflozin group the renal relative risk of death was 34% lower and the relative risk of end-stage renal disease was 32% lower. The group also had a lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke and hospitalization for heart failure.
Regarding harmful results, it was found that canagliflozin increased the risk as a side effect of an amputation However, the researchers did not see any significant difference in the risk of lower limb amputation between the two groups in the study. The bone fracture rate, another known side effect of canagliflozin, was similar in both groups, according to the study.
The study also showed that the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis is a life-threatening problem when the body starts to lose fat at an unhealthy fast rate it was low overall but higher in the canagliflozin group.
The study had some limitations, including that patients who had a very advanced kidney disease were not included. Patients believed to be affected by kidney disease other than type 2 diabetes were also excluded. To determine if the study's results could be generalized to other types of kidney disease, more research is needed.
This study has that Potential to influence medical practice However, Mark Molitch, professor of endocrinology at Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine, who was not involved in the new study, has often prescribed canagliflozin for his own patients.
Canagliflozin, a drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, belongs to a class of drugs called sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 or SGLT2 inhibitors. Remove sugar from the body through urine.
"With this whole class of medications, we really need to think about how we use it, because of the cardio-renal benefits," says Molitch id about SGLT2 inhibitors.
"This class of drugs really affects the kidney from a diabetes perspective. Usually we have a lot of glucose – the main sugar that circulates in the blood – and then the kidney filters that glucose. That's why most of the time there is no glucose in the urine, because the kidney reabsorbs all the glucose that is filtered out of the blood, "he said. "What these medications do is they hold back this reabsorption of glucose from the urine into the blood, and so you excrete lots of glucose into the urine."
That added Molitch, a member of the Endocrine Society The benefits to the heart and kidney described in the new study are "surpassing the benefits of a mere blood sugar lowering."
"We still are not entirely sure what mechanisms cause these heart and kidney effects, but they are clearly not just because of lowering blood sugar levels," he said.
"The benefit to the heart and kidney occurs in patients with advanced kidney disease who have a minimal effect on the blood sugar lowering effect of canagliflozin," he said. "Based on this study, we could only use canagliflozin for kidney and possibly cardiac benefits, while keeping other glucose levels under control in patients with diabetes and kidney disease."
The effect of the drug was quite dr. Derek Leroith, Professor of Medicine and Interim Chief of the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases of Hilda & J. Lester at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York, said in the study in an e-mail. Leroith is also a chair of diabetes guidelines for the Endocrine Society.
"This study was conceived for people with diabetic kidney disease and is thus the first example of a reduction in the risk of renal failure [as] and improved cardiovascular outcomes," said Leroith, who was not involved in the study. "I believe that the paper is of great importance and will have a broad readership with a big impact."
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Is Jungian psychoanalysis the right thing for me?
Anyone who feels an inner pain and is willing to begin a psychotherapy process, is entitled to ask if the approach of the therapist he/she wishes to meet is one that suits him/her. Doing psychotherapy is a significant process, it is an investment of time, energy, and emotions that will reflect in all areas of our lives.
Let us start with an evident fact: there is no universal therapeutic approach that would fit the needs of everyone identically, and the psychoanalytic approach is not made for everyone either. As the British psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott said: "To feel the need, to want it but also and above all, to be able to tolerate it".
Psychoanalysis is particularly aimed at those who wish to develop a deeper understanding of themselves, to those who want to make sense of their experiences and who seek to understand them at their roots: in the way in which their personal story settled in their unconscious. Psychoanalysis is a treatment that is based on the exploration of the unconscious, not on the establishment of tools to solve a situation, and it is in this that it differs from other approaches.
Most of the requests for consultations I receive come from people who have already consulted. Often the previous experience leaves a feeling of having solved a problem on the surface and of having calmed the immediate pain, and that is fine, but it lacks a deeper understanding.
Starting a psychoanalytic therapy is not easy. You have to be able to tolerate it psychologically, financially, and you have to make room for it in your schedule and in your busy life. It is also necessary to feel ready to tolerate the intensity that can result from a work of internal self-examination, of its gray areas, and that is at times challenging. I usually at the beginning of treatment, take the image of a trip by train to explain to my patients what we are going to do: It is an inner voyage, together we will take a train that will go back in your life and your job is going to be to tell me everything you see through the window, and that's not going to be easy, because we will see the landscapes that will go by, and more landscapes, and memories will come.
This will be a challenging voyage, you must feel ready to tolerate the inconvenience, the emotional intensity as well as the therapist's comments that may point to those areas that you do not want to revisit. This is often shown in our resistance to continuing the work involved.
If reading this short article you feel that you need someone who accompanies you with tools and solutions to fix immediately what confronts you, then it is likely that psychoanalysis is not what you need and I encourage you to consult the referral service of the order of psychologists (www.ordrepsy.qc.ca). On the other hand, if you feel that you are ready to go deeper into your life, if you feel that something is still happening without your knowledge, if you feel that you have to talk about hidden things that you have never considered sharing with anyone, if you feel ready to go see "behind" the symptom, then I encourage you to contact a psychoanalyst to arrange a first appointment to assess if you can make this inner journey together. Make sure that this person has been duly trained and certified by a psychoanalytic institute, that he or she is recognized by his or her peers, because a therapist can not accompany someone to areas he or she has not been himself, and this work on oneself before one can do it with others, is not only the specificity of a psychoanalyst, but it is also and above all the foundation of his clinical practice.
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Context and Aims: The purpose of this study was to compare and evaluate the shaping ability of ProTaper (PT) and Self-Adjusting File (SAF) system using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to assess their performance in oval-shaped root canals.
Materials and Methods: Sixty-two mandibular premolars with single oval canals were divided into two experimental groups (n = 31) according to the systems used: Group I – PT and Group II – SAF. Canals were evaluated before and after instrumentation using CBCT to assess centering ratio and canal transportation at three levels. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, post hoc Tukey's test, and t-test.
Results: The SAF showed better centering ability and lesser canal transportation than the PT only in the buccolingual plane at 6 and 9 mm levels. The shaping ability of the PT was best in the apical third in both the planes. The SAF had statistically significant better centering and lesser canal transportation in the buccolingual as compared to the mesiodistal plane at the middle and coronal levels.
Conclusions: The SAF produced significantly less transportation and remained centered than the PT at the middle and coronal levels in the buccolingual plane of oval canals. In the mesiodistal plane, the performance of both the systems was parallel.
An ideal endodontic instrumentation technique should uniformly prepare all the surfaces of the canal while simultaneously preserving the sound peripheral dentin. However, complete debridement of the root canal becomes difficult to achieve because of variations in root canal anatomy. An oval-shaped root canal, for instance, can pose a special challenge for adequate chemicomechanical preparation resulting in uninstrumented recesses.
Instrumentation techniques utilized for the preparation of oval canals include circumferential hand filing, rotary nickel-titanium instruments as well as sonic and ultrasonics. However, none have succeeded in completely preparing the canal while simultaneously preserving the oval-shaped canal anatomy. Thus, innovations are being targeted toward newer instrument designs and techniques to enhance cleaning and shaping of such canals.
The newly developed Self-adjusting File (SAF; ReDent-Nova, Ra'anana, Israel) is designed as a lattice-walled cylinder which adapts itself three-dimensionally according to shape of the root canal. It is the first file system that has a hollow metal shaft which allows for delivery of a continuous flow of irrigant. In a recent histologic study, it has shown promising results in debridement of oval root canals.
The ProTaper file system (PT; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) is among the most popular rotary systems currently available. A convex triangular cross-section, progressive taper, changing helical angle and a noncutting, modified guiding tip characterize the instrument design. These features may contribute to improve the file flexibility and help to achieve a centered preparation.
An ideal root canal preparation should have a continuous, tapering conical shape while maintaining original canal configuration. Failure to maintain the canal anatomy can result in iatrogenic endodontic mishaps or root fractures., Hence, the ability of endodontic instrument to stay centered and prevent canal transportation is critical.
Various methods such as radiography, scanning electron microscopy, histologic sections, silicone impression, computed tomography (CT), cone-beam CT (CBCT), micro-CT, and stereomicroscopy could be used to assess the shaping abilities of endodontic instruments. Currently, CBCT has been widely used for noninvasive evaluation of canal centering abilities of endodontic instruments.
Since the PT and SAF are designed for optimal cleaning and shaping, we hypothesized that both the systems would be able to prepare oval canals effectively. This study aimed to compare and evaluate the canal centering ability and canal transportation of PT and SAF in oval-shaped root canals of mandibular premolars.
After approval by the Institutional Review Board, 150 human, single-rooted freshly extracted human mandibular premolars, extracted for periodontal or orthodontic reasons were collected. The teeth were stored and handled according to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines. Teeth with oval-shaped canals, where the buccolingual canal diameter was at least two times the mesiodistal diameter as measured at the CBCT slice 5 mm from the apex. The scanner Kodak CS 9300 (Carestream Health Inc., NY, USA) operating at 90 kV, 10 mA with an FOV 5 cm × 5 cm, resolution of 90 μm, and exposure time of 18.6 s was used along with CS 3D Imaging Software 3.3.11 (Carestream Health Inc., NY, USA). Further, only teeth with straight roots or those with canal curvature <10° were included in the study.
Thus, 62 teeth were included in the study and each tooth was de-coronated to a standardized root length of 12 mm. The working length was established by inserting a size 10 K-file to the root canal terminus and subtracting 1 mm from this measurement. Glide path was prepared using size 15 K-file up to the working length. The selected roots were then mounted with their long axes perpendicular in a wax block to facilitate precise repositioning of the pre- and post-preparation CBCT images before and after instrumentation and randomly divided into two experimental groups (n = 31) as follows: Group I – PT system and Group II – SAF system.
In both the groups, instrumentation was done according to manufacturer's instructions using a new file for every tooth in both the groups. 2.5% sodium hypochlorite was used as an irrigant and Glyde (Dentsply Maillefer) as a lubricant.
In the PT group, using an electric motor (X-Smart; Dentsply Maillefer) with a 16:1 reduction handpiece, a new set of rotary S1-F2 instruments was used in a sequence to prepare each sample.
Each sample in the SAF group was prepared using a new 21 mm/1.5 mm SAF file attached to an EndoStation endodontic motor and RDT3 handpiece (ReDent Nova) operating at a frequency of 5000 oscillations per minute and amplitude of 0.4 mm. A continuous short pecking motion was used for 4 min while maintaining the irrigant flow rate at 4 mL/min.
Pre- and post-operative evaluation of all the samples was made using previously mentioned CBCT parameters [Figure 1] and [Figure 2]. Canal transportation and the centering ratio were calculated at the 3-, 6-, and 9-mm axial cross-sections from the apical end of the root by using the following equations.
Mesiodistal plane: (m1 − m2)/(d1 − d2); buccolingual plane: (b1 − b2)/(l1 − l2).
The bigger figure was taken as the denominator. A result of one indicated an ideal outcome and a result closer to zero indicated poor centering ability.
Mesiodistal plane: (m1 − m2) − (d1 − d2); buccolingual plane: (b1 − b2) − (l1 − l2).
The closer to zero the value obtained, the lesser was the canal transportation.
shortest distances from the buccal margin of the root to the buccal margin of the uninstrumented and instrumented canals, respectively; l1, l2 - shortest distances from the lingual margin of the root to the lingual margin of the uninstrumented and instrumented canals, respectively.
The mean and standard deviation of the values of centering ratio and canal transportation were obtained for the PT and SAF groups at the 3, 6, and 9 mm levels (SPSS 15.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). One-way analysis of variance and the post hoc Tukey's test were performed for intragroup comparison. Inter- and intra-group t-test was carried out. Canal transportation and centering ability were compared in the mesiodistal and buccolingual planes using t-test for each group. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05.
The results of the canal centering and canal transportation are detailed in [Table 1] and [Table 2]. The ANOVA gave a P value of 0.000 (P < 0.05). PT showed significantly lesser transportation and better centering ability in the mesiodistal plane as compared to the buccolingual plane at the 6 and 9 mm level. In the mesiodistal plane, the centering ability was best at the 3 mm level, followed by the 6 and 9 mm level. Similarly, at the 3 and 6 mm level the PT had significantly lesser canal transportation than at the 9 mm levels. In the buccolingual plane, it had significantly better centering ability and lesser canal transportation at the 3 mm level than at the 6 or 9 mm levels.
At the 6 and 9 mm level, the SAF had statistically significant better centering and lesser canal transportation in the buccolingual as compared to the mesiodistal plane. In the mesiodistal plane, the centering ability was best, and canal transportation was least at the 3 mm level, followed by the 6 and 9 mm levels. In the buccolingual plane, it showed better centering ability and least canal transportation at the 6 mm level followed by 9 and 3 mm levels.
When both the systems were compared, in the mesiodistal plane, there was no statistically significant difference in the centering ability and canal transportation of PT and SAF at all levels. However, in the buccolingual plane, the SAF performed significantly better, i.e., showed better centering and lesser canal transportation than the PT at the 6 and 9 mm levels. Thus, the null hypothesis was rejected.
The present study evaluated the centering ability and canal transportation of PT and SAF system in oval-shaped root canals of mandibular premolars using CBCT. Evaluation of the postoperative canal shape aids in assessment of the safety and efficacy of endodontic systems. Evaluation of canal transportation and centering ratio are influential parameters to analyze the quality of root canal preparation achieved with instruments and techniques. Canal transportation is a measurement of the extent and direction of deviation of a canal following instrumentation. Centering ratio is a measurement of the ability of the instrument to stay centered in the canal. It may aid in understanding the advantages and limitations of specific design characteristics of instrument systems. Due to canal transportation, endodontic instruments do not touch the complete perimeter of root canal leaving debris, microorganism, thus contributing to endodontic failure and affects the biological sealing of the obturating material. Incompatibility of the prepared root canal with the original root canal anatomy leads to compromised fracture resistance of the tooth. CBCT provides a highly precise three-dimensional noninvasive tool for the evaluation of changes in canal geometry following instrumentation. It permits nondestructive analysis of variables such as volume, surface area, cross-sectional shape, and taper of the root canal system. In the present study, CBCT enabled the calculation of canal transportation and centering abilities of both the endodontic systems.
Flat oval root canals are frequent in the distal roots of lower molars, upper and lower bicuspids, and lower incisors and canines. Since the flatness in these canals is usually in the buccolingual dimension, it is infrequently diagnosed in clinical radiographs. However, a study by Wu et al. has revealed that oval or flat root canal morphology is present in up to 25% of root canals, and in some root groups, it may exceed 50%. Such oval canals present with an anatomic challenge for chemomechanical preparation., Hence, human extracted lower premolar teeth with oval canals having buccolingual canal diameter at least two times the mesiodistal diameter were chosen for this study to mimic clinical situations. Accordingly, the values for centering ratio and canal transportation were calculated in both the buccolingual and the mesiodistal planes.
To control the variability in root length, the teeth were decoronated keeping a standard root length of 12 mm. In the present study, three cross-sectional levels were chosen: 3, 6, and 9 mm to represent the apical, middle, and coronal thirds of root canals.
Three significant design features characterize the PT files, namely, progressive taper on a single file, convex triangular cross-section, and the changing helical angle. These features could help to improve flexibility, minimize the engagement between the file and dentin and enhance augering of debris out of a canal; suggesting improved centering and shaping ability.
However, all rotary instruments with a solid metal core tend to produce a rounded preparation irrespective of their design characteristics.,, In narrow oval canals, especially, it results in a circular-shaped preparation either in the center or toward one pole of the canal. Hence, in oval canals, while the central portion of the canal is instrumented, buccal and lingual recesses remain untouched., This may explain why the PT maintained the canal shape better in the mesiodistal plane than the buccolingual plane at the coronal and the middle thirds.
Further, since the long diameter of the oval root canals generally decreases apically; the shaping ability of the PT was best in the apical third, both in the mesiodistal and buccolingual planes. This is in agreement with CBCT studies by Tambe et al. and Hashem et al. evaluating the transportation and centering ability of the PT that also showed better shaping at the apical level than at the middle and coronal.
The SAF file is a hollow-pointed cylinder composed of a thin nickel-titanium lattice. The compressible open tube adapts itself to the canal anatomy three-dimensionally and exerts uniform lateral pressure on the dentinal walls. In addition, the absence of a rigid metal core makes the file highly flexible. When a 1.5 mm SAF is inserted into a canal measuring 0.2 mm mesiodistally, it spreads buccally and lingually up to a dimension of 2.4 mm 3. Thus, the SAF worked better in the buccolingual plane in the middle and coronal sections.
None of the two systems evaluated had perfect centering ability and zero canal transportation. Comparison of both the systems in the mesiodistal plane showed that PT was marginally better than the SAF. However, the difference was not statistically significant. Since the shorter diameter of oval canals is along the mesiodistal direction; this result is understandable given the fact that the PT is a rotary system.
While we came across, no studies comparing the shaping ability of SAF and PT, a morphometric and histologic evaluation of the quality of debridement of oval canals by De-Deus et al. showed that the SAF was significantly more competent in debridement of oval root canals than rotary PT. A microcomputed tomographic study by Versiani et al. showed significantly greater mean increases of area/volume as well as the percentage of prepared walls of oval canals with SAF than with rotary instrumentation using K3. The study concluded that using the SAF protocol, flat-oval canals were uniformly and circumferentially prepared.
Within the parameters of this study, in oval-shaped canals, SAF produced significantly less transportation and remained centered than the PT at the middle and coronal levels in the buccolingual plane. However, in the mesiodistal plane, the performance of both the systems was comparable. Further studies are needed to extrapolate these results to clinical conditions.
Wu MK, R'oris A, Barkis D, Wesselink PR. Prevalence and extent of long oval canals in the apical third. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2000;89:739-43.
Hilaly Eid GE, Wanees Amin SA. Changes in diameter, cross-sectional area, and extent of canal-wall touching on using 3 instrumentation techniques in long-oval canals. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2011;112:688-95.
Metzger Z. The self-adjusting file (SAF) system: An evidence-based update. J Conserv Dent 2014;17:401-19.
De-Deus G, Souza EM, Barino B, Maia J, Zamolyi RQ, Reis C, et al. The self-adjusting file optimizes debridement quality in oval-shaped root canals. J Endod 2011;37:701-5.
Gonçalves AN, da Frota MF, Sponchiado Júnior EC, de Carvalho FM, da Fonseca Roberti Garcia L, Franco Marques AA. Apical transportation of manual NiTi instruments and a hybrid technique in severely curved simulated canals. J Conserv Dent 2015;18:436-9.
Ruddle C. The ProTaper technique: Shaping the future of endodontics. Endod Topics 2005;10:213-6.
Schilder H, Yee F. Canal debridement and disinfection. In: Cohen S, Burns RC, editors. Pathways of the Pulp. 11th ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 1984. p. 175-204.
Kandaswamy D, Venkateshbabu N, Porkodi I, Pradeep G. Canal-centering ability: An endodontic challenge. J Conserv Dent 2009;12:3-9.
Kumar SR, Gade V. Canal-centering ability. Med Sci 2014;10:246-8.
Gundappa M, Bansal R, Khoriya S, Mohan R. Root canal centering ability of rotary cutting nickel titanium instruments: A meta-analysis. J Conserv Dent 2014;17:504-9.
Gambill JM, Alder M, del Rio CE. Comparison of nickel-titanium and stainless steel hand-file instrumentation using computed tomography. J Endod 1996;22:369-75.
Wu MK, Fan B, Wesselink PR. Leakage along apical root fillings in curved root canals. Part I: Effects of apical transportation on seal of root fillings. J Endod 2000;26:210-6.
Moura-Netto C, Palo RM, Camargo CH, Pameijer CH, Bardauil MR. Micro-CT assessment of two different endodontic preparation systems. Braz Oral Res 2013;27:26-30.
Metzger Z, Teperovich E, Zary R, Cohen R, Hof R. The self-adjusting file (SAF). Part 1: Respecting the root canal anatomy – A new concept of endodontic files and its implementation. J Endod 2010;36:679-90.
Ruddle C. The ProTaper advantage: Shaping the future of endodontics. Dent Today 2001;10:1-9.
Elayouti A, Chu AL, Kimionis I, Klein C, Weiger R, Löst C. Efficacy of rotary instruments with greater taper in preparing oval root canals. Int Endod J 2008;41:1088-92.
Adigüzel O. A literature review of self adjusting file. Int Dent Res 2011;1:18-25.
Hof R, Perevalov V, Eltanani M, Zary R, Metzger Z. The self-adjusting file (SAF). Part 2: Mechanical analysis. J Endod 2010;36:691-6.
Versiani MA, Pécora JD, de Sousa-Neto MD. Flat-oval root canal preparation with self-adjusting file instrument: A micro-computed tomography study. J Endod 2011;37:1002-7.
Tambe VH, Nagmode PS, Abraham S, Patait M, Lahoti PV, Jaju N. Comparison of canal transportation and centering ability of rotary ProTaper, one shape system and wave one system using cone beam computed tomography: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2014;17:561-5.
Hashem AA, Ghoneim AG, Lutfy RA, Foda MY, Omar GA. Geometric analysis of root canals prepared by four rotary NiTi shaping systems. J Endod 2012;38:996-1000.
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Fitness testing normative data (norms) can be found associated with many fitness tests. Norms are very useful to help guide you in the interpretation of the test results, but it is important for you to understand what they are and the possible limitations of using them.
If you are using norms or rating tables to compare and interpret your test results, you must consider if the data are derived from a test using the same protocol. It is not always clear what the test procedure is by the name of the test, for example a sit up test can be performed in numerous ways, and norms using one procedure may not be relevant for another.
It is also important to consider if the norms were derived from a subject population and age group that is similar to your test group. Many tests were developed in a university setting, and university students make up the population group for many test norms. This group may not always reflect the general population (or your group of teenagers, athletes etc). Look for norms based on a similar large homogeneous population, that are up to date, and preferably be of local origin.
Published norms are generally based on group averages and the range of scores around the mean. Comparing your test results to these norms may tell you how it rated compared to the population average (above average, below average), but it does not indicate if such a score is desirable. For example, a bodyweight norm table from the general population would give average scores and even above average scores that are not very desirable in terms of health. Another example is when testing athletes, they may wish to be at least in the well above average category for many fitness parameters, and above average may actually be a very poor result.
Where known I have included the source of the norms for the fitness tests described on this site, however unfortunately the source of many of these norms has been lost in time. Norms for some of the fitness tests seem to have been republished over and over again, and I doubt if anyone knows where they are originally derived from. I provide norms when available to provide a reference point for you to make sense of test results, even if they may be from a different population group or use a slightly different procedure. You should always use norms with caution, and focus more on individuals improving their particular score.
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Fitness trackers have gained increasing popularity, and are being used to monitor the calorie expenditure, heart rate and other activities of the body. The users can integrate these gadgets in their handsets.
Fitness trackers are gaining large-scale popularity over the globe, as the sophisticated wearables come with a wide range of features. You can get across to the online portals of the leading brands and buy the best fitness tracker for yourself. The reputed brands offer a wide range of products at reasonable prices. You can customize the fitness trackers according to your preferences and needs. These gadgets come with a wide array of features, designed to monitor the physical activities of the users. For instance, the fitness trackers can keep you updated with your heart rate, fitness, sleeping hours and so on. Get the product customized with the desired features from the official pages of the leading brands.
Have a look at the following features when you buy a fitness tracker.
While purchasing a fitness tracker, you should have a look at the comfort level. Evidently, the material with which it is built comes into play. In general, the fitness trackers are made of rubber. When you buy the best fitness band, you will get a comfortable feel on the skin. This will deliver you a high level of comfort. Buy a robust product, that can resist a fall up to 1.2 meters.
The fitness features of the bands vary a lot. In general, you will be able to keep a track on the distance travelled, steps, calorie proportions and walking. These are sensitive devices, capable of detecting whether the user is walking, jogging, running or hiking. Besides, you can also monitor your sleep with the help of fitness trackers. These devices are also capable of waking you up silently at a scheduled hour, without disturbing the others. The users can even use these devices under the water, as they are waterproof. You can keep a watch on your calories and pulse when you are swimming.
Certain fitness trackers come with GPS, which enable the users to locate the different places when they are outdoors. You can also look out for smart watches in India, which come with fitness features. The prices of these devices vary, according to the range of features integrated in them. In a nutshell, these devices carry an extensive range of features.
Get a fitness tracker that comes with sophisticated design specifications. You can go through the extensive collection of smart devices in the online stores of the reputed brands. This will allow you to choose from the wide range of design and styles available in these stores. You can choose from a round, oval, large or sleek interface in these devices. If you love trendy devices, you can get a product with sophisticated looks. Pick one from the latest collections. On an average, the charging time for these devices is 1.5 hours. The established brands have come up with high-performance products, that can work up to 5 days at a stretch.
While purchasing a fitness tracker, get the product customized from the reputed brands. You can also buy the best android smartwatch online. These fitness bands will help you to monitor your activities to retain the desired fitness level.
How To Make Best Possible Use Of Activity Tracker?
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Jago is usually given as the Cornish for the name James and as an alternate spelling for Iago.
What's the meaning of boko haram?
Boko Haram (usually translated as "Western education is a sin"), is a militant Islamist organization based in northern Nigeria, influenced by the Wahhabi movement.
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Passage of the bill that would require Congress to approve, by enacting legislation, any "major rule" issued by an agency in order for them to take effect. A "major rule" would include any regulation with an annual economic impact of $100 million or more; rules that would significantly harm employment, investment or U.S. economic competitiveness; or rules that would cause a major increase in costs or prices for consumers or industries. The bill also would create an expedited consideration process in both the House and the Senate for joint resolutions of approval. As amended, the measure would require that for new rules, agencies repeal or amend an existing rule or rules to offset any annual costs of the new rule before the new rule could take effect. As amended, it would create a process to sunset existing rules if Congress had not approved them within 10 years of the bill's enactment.
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So that the rule matches the lowercase string "aba".
and at most occurrences of element.
3*3 allows exactly 3 and 1*2 allows one or two.
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What will I learn from the English lesson a list vocabulary beginning with R?
This lesson is a list of vocabulary beginning with R to help when you are unsure what type of word it is. It is important not to try and remember the vocabulary, but just to use the list as a reference guide to help you.
• He realised it was true.
• I don't recycle as much as I should.
• There's lots of room in here.
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Vicilin and convicilin are potential major allergens from pea seeds.
The frequency of pea allergy varies among different populations. Legume allergy, mainly to lentils and chickpeas, is the fifth most common cause of food allergy in Spanish children.
Cross-reactivity between peanut allergy and pea allergy is relatively common. Please review the text below for a detailed description.
Peanuts and soybeans are the major legumes involved in human food allergy. Fewer data exist on adverse reactions to other temperate legumes, such as lentils.
Lentils, chickpeas, beans, and peas are the most common consumed legumes in the Mediterranean area.
Allergic reactions to lentils started early in life, usually below 4 years of age; oropharyngeal symptoms and acute urticaria were the most common symptoms through ingestion, and symptomatic reactivity to chick peas is frequently associated.
The use of lupine in food has been increasing during the last decade and allergic reactions to lupine have been reported, especially in peanut-allergic patients.
39 peanut-sensitized patients were evaluated by skin prick tests (SPT) and ImmunoCAP to lupine, pea, and soy (Peeters KA et al, Allergy. 2009). Clinical reactivity was measured by double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges (DBPCFC) for lupine, and by history for pea and soy. None of the patients was aware of the use of lupine in food.
82% of patients were sensitized to lupine, 55% to pea, and 87% to soy. Clinically relevant sensitization to lupine, pea, or soy occurred in 35%, 29%, and 33% respectively.
The lowest eliciting dose (ED) for lupine, inducing mild subjective symptoms, was 0.5 mg.
In this study (Peeters KA et al, Allergy. 2009), peanut-sensitized patients, clinically relevant sensitization to either lupine or to pea or soy occurs frequently. The ED for lupine is low (0.5 mg), which is only fivefold higher than for peanut.
Serological cross-reactivity among legumes is frequent, but its clinical relevance is controversial. In Spanish study (Martínez San Ireneo M et al, Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2008), the cross-reactivity among lentils, chickpeas, peas, white beans and peanuts and its clinical relevance was investigated in 54 pediatric patients. All children had a clinical allergy to legumes. Cross-reactivity was evaluated by ELISA inhibition experiments and oral food challenges to legumes.
ELISA inhibition demonstrated more than 80% inhibition with lentil, chickpea and pea extracts. The oral legume challenges demonstrated that 69% of children were allergic to 2 or more legumes (median 3 legumes).
The most frequent associations were allergy to lentils and chickpeas (57%), allergy to lentils and peas (54%) and allergy to lentils, chickpeas and peas (43%).
In vitro inhibition demonstrated a high degree of cross-reactivity among lentils, chickpeas and peas. Food challenges confirmed that clinical allergy to all three legumes is frequent.
Clinical features of legume allergy in children from a Mediterranean area. Martínez San Ireneo M, Ibáñez MD, Sánchez JJ, Carnés J, Fernández-Caldas E. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2008 Aug;101(2):179-84.
In vitro and in vivo cross-reactivity studies of legume allergy in a Mediterranean population. Martínez San Ireneo M, Ibáñez MD, Fernández-Caldas E, Carnés J. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2008;147(3):222-30. Epub 2008 Jul 2.
Vicilin and convicilin are potential major allergens from pea. R. Sanchez-Monge et al. Clinical & Experimental Allergy, Volume 34 Issue 11, Pages 1747 - 1753, 2004.
Allergy to lentils in Mediterranean pediatric patients. Pascual CY et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999 Jan;103(1 Pt 1):154-8.
Clinical relevance of sensitization to lupine in peanut-sensitized adults. Peeters KA, Koppelman SJ, Penninks AH, Lebens A, Bruijnzeel-Koomen CA, Hefle SL, Taylor SL, van Hoffen E, Knulst AC. Allergy. 2009 Apr;64(4):549-55. Epub 2008 Dec 4.
Cross Reactions Among Foods (PDF).
Image source: Frozen green peas. Wikipedia, Jina Lee, GNU Free Documentation License.
"82% of patients were sensitized to lupine, 55% to pea, and 87% to soy. Clinically relevant sensitization to lupine, pea, or soy occurred in 35%, 29%, and 33% respectively."
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Riverine fishes evolved to life in a highly variable, flow-driven environment. During the two past centuries, large rivers have been substantially altered by human activities. This has resulted in declines of fish populations that depend on the large river environment.
The research described here uses models to evaluate the effects of human activities on the viability of fish populations in rivers. I focused on five modifications of the river environment associated with impoundment: (1) seasonal allocation of river flow; (2) diversion of river flow; (3) fragmentation of the river habitat by dams; (4) conversion of free-flowing river to reservoir habitat; and (5) alteration of migration patterns.
To understand the role of flow regulation on chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) recruitment, I developed an individual-based model to predict recruitment as a function of seasonal flow patterns in the Tuolumne River, California. I used simulated annealing to find flow patterns that maximize chinook recruitment under wet and dry hydrologic conditions. As water availability increased, I found that the optimal flow pattern shifted from allocating low flows uniformly across seasons to a pattern with high spring flows. When I considered a new objective: maximizing the variance of spawning times among recruits, the optimal flow regime called for a winter pulse in flow just before the peak spawning date for the minority (late-fall) run.
To evaluate the recovery options for chinook salmon in the Tuolumne River, Ideveloped an age-based model to conduct a population viability analysis (PVA). I developed a flow-dependent spawner-recruitment relationship from the recruitment model. Its shape depended on the flow regime, suggesting that such relationships are not fixed properties of species, but depend on environmental conditions. The PVA model suggested that recovery, in the absence of straying, would be enhanced most by significantly reducing ocean harvest, followed by reduced diversion of water from the river.
For white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) populations in the Snake River, Idaho a main concern is habitat fragmentation by dams resulting in smaller, isolated populations. Simulation experiments to evaluate the effects of fragmentation suggested that population viability was higher when dams were spaced widely enough apart to retain free-flowing habitat. A simulation experiment to evaluate the effects of altered migration patterns associated with impoundment showed that both the likelihood of persistence and the genetic diversity among white sturgeon populations were enhanced by balanced upstream and downstream migration rates.
Models that simulate the responses of fish populations to modified river habitat do not consider the potential for an evolutionary response. I designed a PVA model simulating the genetic basis of age at maturity for individual fish. Simulated individual variation in this trait lead to increased population viability only when the variation was heritable and subjected to an altered selective regime. The results support the idea that predicting population viability depends on estimating the potential for evolution in fitness-related traits for populations exposed to anthropogenic changes in the environment that impose strong, directional selective forces.
Jager, Henriette I., "Predicting the Viability of Fish Populations in a Modified Riverine Environment. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2000.
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What are the proper plurals of "octopus"?
Again, you're not disagreeing with me in any way.
Words ending in "us" pluralizing to "i" is descriptively productive in English, so I will support and defend it at every opportunity. Because "~uses" feels awkward and stuttery on my tongue, similar to the a/an rules. Repeating syllable sounds is not pleasant.
I don't have a problem with "octopodes" simply because it's fun to say and has a reason behind it, but I make no pretensions that it's better ENGLISH than Octopi. I lump "octopodes" in with pluralizing "box" as "boxen". But "octopi" feels like good English to me.
Fieari wrote: Words ending in "us" pluralizing to "i" is descriptively productive in English, so I will support and defend it at every opportunity.
That reasoning – taken alone, at least – seems a little unfounded. Do you support and defend "circi", "feti", "sini", "genii" and "doofi"?
I don't know that that necessarily follows; -s and -ed are very productive English suffixes, but "gooses" and "goed" are still wrong. Like "goose", "circus" etc. already have established plurals, which could be preventing the formation of other plurals.
In any case, I'm not sure about the productivity of -i, but it is definitely an English plural suffix, despite being derived from Latin (it's used in English and English speakers who don't speak Latin recognize it as a plural suffix), and words don't necessarily have to pluralize like in their source languages (though they can).
Agenda: plurality of items (for which I use 'item' over any other term), making up a list. Multiple such lists are of course 'agendas'. c.f. 'person -> people -> peoples'.
Criteria: strictly plural; may use 'criterium' at a push, 'criterias' would be a push, but useful for similar circumstances as above, e.g. comparisons between multiple different specifications.
Data: use as singular more than I should, try to consciously say 'datum (point, etc)'. Would not throw 'datas' out of bed if it was appropriate for a group-of-groups, but only then.
Media: as a group, mostly, but complexly. For storage, "Install it from the media" does rather hark back with me to multi-floppy distributions, now used without prejudice for "whatever and however many storage media there are", but not "...there is". And 'an <item> of media (pl.)' is like 'a grain of sand' or 'a piece of lego'1, in their mass-noun pluralisations. - For news organisations, "the media are...", as a group, but perhaps more in the sense of "the government are..." or "the football team are...", which I know gives a trans-Atlantic split of opinion. Saying "the newspapers support option A, the television stations support option B, but perhaps the medias may come to an agreement" is as per discussing the group-of-groups (many football teams, several governments), but needs setting up for context.
'Octopodes' if I'm thinking enough to avoid 'Octopuses'. 'Octopedes' if I'm thinking far too much. 'Octopuxen' if I'm feeling mischievous and contrary.
Careful now. I've been down this road before... It's only the Brits that have this one right.
Darned rootin' tootin' we do!
I'm Canadian and was weirded out when I started encountering the assertion that "everyone" says it that way. I was real into Lego as a kid, and my friends and I definitely did not say "Legos". We usually talked about "Lego pieces", or simply "Lego".
You better believe I say "legos", have always said "legos", and feel absolutely no desire to protect the Lego Company's trademark rights by changing the way I refer to their product, which is to make legos.
I've never known anyone to say "octopodes" unironically unless they want to sound like a dork.
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Explain Migrations in Laravel ? How can you generate migration .
Laravel Migrations are like version control for your database, allowing a team to easily modify and share the application’s database schema. Migrations are typically paired with Laravel’s schema builder to easily build your application’s database schema.
When you create a migration file, Laravel stores it in /database/migrations directory.
Each migration file name contains a timestamp which allows Laravel to determine the order of the migrations.
Open the command prompt or terminal depending on your operating system.
How can you change your default database type ?
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The next few posts is to take a look at the different ways yoga is considered. It will not be only patañjali-muni , but others that have offered their direct views and experiences.
This whole notion of yoga is of great interest ( to me ). Why so ? Because different muni's describe this yoga in different words and terms.
What they try to offer us is the the defintion, conditions, methods, and achievement by trying to actually define the term yoga. So, I thought to offer some of the ideas of this term yoga from various view points for one's kind consideration.
Patañjali-muni defines one view of yoga in the 2nd sūtra ,samādhi-pāda (1st chapter).
Yoga occurs (when) stilling (nirodhaḥ) the active (vṛtti) mind (citta).
Said another way, then the SELF abides in its true, original unperturbed form.
to be absorbed in If we reivew the words from the above list, ' to be absorbed in' begs the question , to be absorbed in what ?
To this we have different ( not opposing) answers and thus the subject of the next post.
' to be absorbed in' it begs the question , to be absorbed in what ?
If we were to look at patañjali-muni's work, it would be the absorption into samādhi. Samādhi समाधि - is one-pointed absorption; One can say the mind is absorbed or 'concentrated' - but it is not the act of concentration.
We can look at this as samā+dhi ; samā = equal, whole, complete, evenness, sameness + dhi = recepticle, which is a weak form of dhā that means holding, possessing. Hence we can say samā + dhi is the recepticle of holding wholeness, even-ness.
Another view of this absorption can be saṃyoga. That is, yoga is saṃyogo yogaḥ ( from the parākhyatantra¹) This saṃyoga means 'contact, conjunction , combination , connection' ; It is also defined as 'direct material contact'. Hence we go from ~absorption~ to yoga being defined as saṃyoga .
Now another view ( again, not opposing, just a different perspective) comes from the yogabīja¹ and calls out once again saṃyogo yogaḥ. Yet here the notion of saṃyoga takes on the defintion of 'union' and rightly so IMHO.
Devī asks śiva (śaṃkara¹) , what is yoga defined as , and what is achieved by yoga ? Īśvara (śiva, śaṅkara) says, yoga is the unification of many pairs of opposites, such as the in-breath and the out-breath (apānaprāṅayor yogaḥ), the unification of the sun and the moon (sūryachandramasor yogaḥ) , the individual soul with the universal soul (jīvātamātmaparamātmanoḥ yogaḥ).
So we can see in the examples above there is ~continunity~ in defintions, yet not conformity. But there is more to the story and that will continue in the next post.
dhā = take hold of , hold , bear , support. Hence samādhi = 'to hold sameness/evenneness completely'.The even-ness is the concentrated one-pointedness.
yogabīja comes from the nātha sampradāya.
śaṃkara - another name of śiva and is defined as causing prosperity , auspicious , beneficent .
This is great advice and i agree with everything. I'm doing this, its very informative and useful to used, thanks for sharing this one, great job, keep up the good work.
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In a communication with Mr. Engdahl, he wrote that the urgent priority is to stop the flow of the deep channel undersea, which he characterized as colossal and apocalyptic, particularly since Obama and BP show no signs of interest in doing this.
The oil flow has been repeatedly underestimated, Obama refused help from foreign oil skimming ships, chemical dispersant was used to submerge the oil and kept out of the public's sight, the EPA has engaged in delaying approval for cleanup products use, local workers have been turned away from the site and the media has been shut out. It appears that BP and Obama want this devastating situation to continue.
How could BP possibly benefit from this disaster? F. William Engdahl asserts that "peak oil" is a myth. Oil prices can be kept high when oil is scarce, so it is not in the financial interest of oil companies to drill and develop more oil which would decrease oil prices. Obama has now placed a moratorium on offshore drilling. While the Gulf travesty will cost BP billions of dollars, it is a pittance compared to their usual large profits. With limits on offshore drilling and future laws preventing energy independence, the price of oil is likely to rise. It is BP's responsibility to stop the oil geyser and to pay for the cleanup. Those who are hindering the process should be arrested.
According to G. Edward Griffin, it is not the role of the government to repair oil leaks and clean up spills unless the damage is such that it endangers the lives or property of its citizens, which is the case at present. Therefore, the government now has a primary responsibility in coping with this disaster. Federal and State legislatures have the authority to call for the arrest and prosecution of anyone who is hindering the repair and cleanup of the oil spill, including BP executives and those holding government office.
Obama is not using his authority to stop the damage in the Gulf, but is more concerned with passing the Senate version of the Cap-and-Trade bill, called the American Power Act, per his speech on June 16th. He also heavily promoted 'clean energy' like solar and wind power that are inefficient and unrealistic at this time (Spain's economy was decimated when they invested in solar and wind). Obama's control over the military has expanded, especially with the US Coast Guard, he has gained financial control over National Disaster funding for the states and he has the coercive power of the military to force BP to pay for the oil gusher mess, as well as the authority to direct BP's actions for repair and cleanup. Yet he has been remiss in in using this power toward effective solutions.
Bioremediation Inc. is one company that uses natural organic microbes and has approval from Florida's Department of Environmental Protection, according to their website. Florida's Governor, Charlie Crist is considering using patented genetically modified bacterial microbes from Osprey Biotechnics, which is awaiting environmental approval.
BP guaranteed $20 billion in relief money under pressure from Obama for Gulf residents whose livelihoods have been affected and the Obama Administration appointed Kenneth Feinberg, a Council on Foreign Relations member, to administer the money. Feinberg has a record of incompetency as a financial administrator with protracted settlements for 9/11 First Responders and preventing lawsuits from the families of 9/11 victims as well as delaying compensation for the victims of Katrina.
Obama has also used this time of crisis to pass an exceptionally intrusive Executive Order for lifestyle modification and implementation of Codex Alimentarius, a United Nations program to regulate food and health supplements, all in the name of protecting our health.
Because the federal government has the power of the checkbook for relief aid, it makes the affected states become dependent on the federal disaster money. States are also expanding their power: an example of this is in an article that details how federal aid is to be spent by Louisiana that includes funds for Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, with provisions for "maritime security and crime prevention and protection".
State and local governments do have authority over some jusrisdictions and can implement cleanup, but they have no authority over the oil leak. There are really 2 enormous messes in America, the most dangerous one is the corrupt Washington DC politicians' hidden agenda that continues to allow the catastrophe in the Gulf to flourish. Because the people have no power to force BP to perform, we are stuck with Obama's and Congress' planned ineptitude and lack of trasparency. The second mess in the Gulf is the continually flowing oil with no clear plan to stop it. Remember this in the November elections.
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Larb or laab (also spelled laap, larp or lahb, Thai: ลาบ, Lao: ລາບ) is a Thai and Laotian salad, composed of ground meat that can be cooked or raw, and mixed with lime juice, fish sauce, shallots, herbs, chili powder and toasted ground sticky rice.
What is the origin of larb?
Larb actually originated in Laos, where it is considered a national dish. It is very popular in Isan, a region that consists of 20 provinces in the Northeast of Thailand, as well as in the North of Thailand.
Many different meats can be used in a traditional larb recipe, including beef (larb neua), water buffalo, pork (larb moo), and chicken (larb gai), and duck (larb ped). There are even some fish versions (larb pa or laj ntses), or versions that include a combination of meat and offal, especially kidney and gizzard. Today, I chose to make chicken larb or larb gai.
As I mentioned earlier, the meat in a larb recipe may be raw or cooked, although you always have to be careful when using raw meat, and I would probably not go for a raw meat version if I were going to order it from a street hawker. As in many Thai and Southeast Asian dishes in general like Vietnamese summer rolls, fresh herbs such as mint or cilantro are an important component of larb. The salad is seasoned with lime juice, fish sauce, and dried chili pepper.
But the most important ingredient in larb is probably khao khua (ข้าวคั่ว). In Thai, khao (ข้าว) means “rice” and khua (คั่ว) means “to dry roast”. Khao khua is finely ground toasted sticky rice. It allows the juice that comes out of the meat to thicken. It will also bind all the ingredients together, and provide some crunchiness to the salad. Khao khua is used in a number of Thai meat salads like laab and nam tok (น้ำตก), as well as soups like gaeng om (แกงอ่อม), and also in chili dipping sauces like nam jim jaew. You can easily find sticky rice in most Asian markets. It is also called glutinous rice, or Thai sweet rice. For the same dinner, I also used glutinous rice in a cooked version to make khao niao mamuang (Thai: ข้าวเหนียวมะม่วง), also known as mango with sticky rice. This binding ingredient is reminiscent of toasted chickpea flour which we have used as a thickening agent in a number of Burmese recipes a few months ago.
You can use any Asian fish sauce in laab. However, if you want to stick to authenticity, you may want to use padaek, a Laotian fish sauce that is a bit chunkier and aromatic, or the Thai fish sauce called pla ra, in which fish is fermented with roasted rice powder, and that is often used in Northeastern Thai dishes like green papaya salad and larb.
Although it is common to find laab served in lettuce wraps outside of Thailand, it is not served this way in the Land of Smiles. In fact, larb is traditionally served with warm sticky rice, or raw vegetables, including cabbage.
What is the origin of the word larb?
Some people think that the name of the dish comes from a Laotian and Thai word which means “luck” or “fortune”. However, these words have different etymological roots, as the name of the dish comes from ancient Lanna language (north of Thailand), where the word for luck comes from Sanskrit. Laab may actually come from an older word which means “to chop finely”.
Most salads that are composed of vegetables, or meats and vegetables are called “yum” in Thailand. However, this salad is called “larb”, which is typical of northeastern and northern style as it consists mostly of meat. In those regions, eating larb is actually considered a sign of wealth as meat is a relatively expensive.
What are the variants of larb?
Larb was actually popular centuries ago among the Tai people, an ethnic people from north and northeastern Thailand, as well as some parts of Laos, Burma (Shan State), and China (Yunnan province). This larb from northern Thailand is called larb Lanna. It doesn’t include any fish sauce or lime juice. However, it Includes spices like cumin, cloves, star anise, prickly ash seeds and cinnamon. Also, the blood of the animal is often used. The raw meat version is called larb dip and the stir-fried version is called larb suk.
Nam tok (“waterfall” in Thai) is also a popular variant of larb. In Thailand (Isan region), the dish is also known as neua yang nam tok. It is very similar to laab except that sliced barbecued beef is used. In Laos, it is known as ping sin nam tok.
This was the first time I made larb or even anything that resembled this meat salad. It is very unique and doesn’t really taste like anything I have ever tried. Each ingredient brings something different to this protein-heavy salad. The herbs provide a surprising freshness. The chicken larb recipe is beautifully complemented by the combination of fish sauce, lime juice and chili powder, which offer a subtle balance of salty, sour and spicy flavors. And the toasted sticky rice provides a crunchiness that just makes this Thai and Laotian salad unbelievably delicious, and probably a salad that will become a staple at home.
But just don’t take my word for it. Make your own chicken larb and see for yourself!
Larb is a delicious Thai and Laotian salad composed of ground meat, lime juice, fish sauce, shallots, herbs, chili powder and toasted ground sticky rice.
In a dry skillet, toast the rice over medium heat for about 10 to 15 minutes. Stir regularly so the rice turns light brown and not brown. Let stand for a few minutes, and blend in a food processor to obtain a toasted rice powder.
In a separate large skillet, sauté the chicken over medium heat or until cooked through, about 15 to 20 minutes. Add a few tablespoons of water if necessary so the chicken does not stick or burn.
Off the heat, add the shallots, scallions, fish sauce and lime juice. Toss everything together.
Add the toasted rice powder and toss again.
Add the red chili flakes, then mix in the mint and cilantro leaves.
Serve with warm sticky rice, or raw vegetables, including lettuce, cabbage or cucumbers.
I have to agree with Carol. This is the real deal. I lived in Thailand for 2 years myself.
Thanks for the lovely recipe! I had ground beef, was wondering what I’d cook with it and suddenly remember those lovely Larb dishes I had in Laos. So I used Google and found yours 🙂 it’s delicious!
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During the African American Civil Right Movement of the 1960s, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X came to represent two very different approaches to the issues. Dr. King advocated the use of nonviolence as a means of achieving full civil rights for blacks. By comparison, Malcolm X, one of the primary leaders and spokespersons for the Nation of Islam, did not object to the use of violence to achieve black goals.
Earlier lunch-counter sit-ins that took place in Greensboro, NC, in violation of segregation laws, inspired the organization of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), pronounced 'Snick'. Participants in the sit-ins included black students from North Carolina Agricultural & Technical College. Initially, SNCC aligned itself with Dr. King's nonviolent approach to civil rights.
Under the influence of Ella Baker, a leader and member of Dr. King's Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), young civil rights leaders formed SNCC in April 1960. Ella Baker was among the organizers of an April 1960 conference held at Shaw University in Raleigh, NC, attended by students from over 50 colleges and high schools, representing 13 states and 37 different communities.
The SCLC provided SNCC with an $800 grant to start the organization; Baker served as an adviser. Although the SCLC originally thought SNCC would serve as its youth wing, the latter functioned independently from the beginning. Even though SNCC initially embraced nonviolence as a means of effecting change, group members also made statements indicating that violence could be an option in the future.
Members of SNCC participated in some of the most significant events of the African Civil Rights Movement. For example, in the summer of 1961, they participated in the Freedom Rides. In partnership with the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), the Freedom Riders sought to expose racial discrimination, in spite of federal protection on public transportation.
In 1963, SNCC played a major role in the organization and staging of the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, the site of Dr. Martin Luther King's 'I Have a Dream Speech'.
SNCC was also very much involved in voter registration in Dallas County, AL, which included the city of Selma. On March 7, 1965, a number of SNCC members were badly beaten in what came to be known as Bloody Sunday. On that day, law enforcement officials violently attacked peaceful marchers who crossed the Edmund Pettis Bridge on their way from Selma to Montgomery, AL.
By the mid-1960s, some SNCC leaders became disillusioned with Dr. King's nonviolent approach to civil rights and turned instead to the Black Power Movement. As a political and social force, the Black Power Movement served as an advocate for black autonomy, nationalism and pride; some followers were also in favor of black separatism.
Disillusioned leaders included Stokely Carmichael, who was arrested more than 30 times at demonstrations and events. Many of his fellow activists were beaten, disfigured and killed. For example, in January 1966, a gas station attendant in Tuskegee, AL, shot college student and SNCC worker, Sammy Younge Jr., to death after he used a 'white' bathroom. Other demoralizing events included the 6-day Watts riots in Los Angeles, CA, in 1965. Sparked by the arrest of a black man, the riots caused $40 million in damages and resulted in 34 deaths.
In 1966, the more radical Stokely Carmichael replaced John Lewis as head of the SNCC. However, when SNCC faced bankruptcy in 1967, Carmichael voluntarily stepped down. His successor, H. Rap Brown, was associated with the Black Panther Party. Brown renamed SNCC The Student National Coordinating Committee. By the 1970's, SNCC had virtually ceased to exist, who were either expelled for left the organization for the more militant Black Panther Party.
The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) was established in April 1960 by young civil rights organizers and veterans of the lunch-counter sit-ins in Greensboro, NC. Ella Baker, a leader and member of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), served as an adviser. SCLC also provided SNCC with an $800 grant to establish the organization.
SNCC was involved in some of the more notable events of the African American Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s, including the Freedom Rides and the March from Selma to Montgomery in Alabama. Like Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and his Southern Christian Leadership conference, SNCC initially took a nonviolent approach to civil rights for African Americans.
As SNCC leaders and workers, like Stokely Carmichael and Sammy Younge, continued to face arrests, beatings and death, some SNCC leaders and members embraced the Black Power Movement and more militant organizations like the Black Panthers.
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Labour’s current foreign policy, contrary to the caricatures, is pretty mild stuff overall. Any objectionable aspects are those born of compromise with the party right, while the more encouraging ones are those accurately reflecting the values and ideas of this new iteration of the party. Either way there is plenty of scope for development and improvement.
Labour’s goal should be to transition the UK out of its post-imperial phase of militarism and support for US hegemony, and into a new foreign policy paradigm of socialist internationalism. This would involve dismantling the previous era’s militaristic legacy, promoting economic and environmental justice, and adopting a clear and active preference for dialogue over conflict (not only because violence causes misery and costs lives, but also because it is generally the arena where the strong are strongest and the weak are weakest). On the basis of these fundamental principles, how does the 2017 manifesto read, and what can and should be amended?
The main overarching message of the foreign policy section of the manifesto is a commitment to multilateralism, the primacy of international law, and the value of diplomacy to avoid or resolve conflicts. There is scope for Labour to develop this policy strand significantly, carving out a new and distinct international role for the UK. As one of the most multicultural cities in the world, London boasts a population with an unparalleled diversity of global knowledge and language skills. This would be the ideal recruitment base to help establish Britain’s capital as an international diplomatic hub; a forum for dispute mediation and conflict resolution. Where the principal parties to disputes and conflicts are unable or unwilling to enter dialogue, London could facilitate direct or indirect ‘track two’ diplomacy between lower-level parties on either side, helping to create the conditions for more formal negotiations at a later date.
This could serve as a concrete form of solidarity with certain global south actors. For example, Israel has tended to be averse to meaningful negotiation with the Palestinians, since any just and viable resolution would necessitate concessions almost entirely on the Israeli side. It has therefore promoted the idea that it has ‘no partner for peace’ and is faced not by a people with entirely legitimate grievances and rights, but with extremists and pathological haters pursuing maximalist objectives, ignoring the fact that both the PLO and now Hamas sign up to a two-state settlement on the internationally recognised borders, an outcome Israel has always been desperate to avoid. The isolation and immiseration of Gaza, and the frequent violent assaults on its civilian population, flow directly from this policy, backed by the West.
Here and elsewhere, when stronger parties - fearing the concessions necessitated by negotiation - prefer to keep disputes within the arena of violence, London could serve as the arena for dialogue-promotion and ‘track two’ diplomacy, bringing excluded actors in from the cold where possible and desirable, undermining strategies of negotiation-avoidance amongst stronger parties, and empowering more moderate elements within the latter. Through active promotion of the peaceful settlements of conflicts, and a strategy of undermining those who prefer to dominate through force, a Labour government could offer a glimmer of hope to peoples like the Palestinians that some respite, and even something resembling justice, might still be possible for them. Through this and other complementary policies, Britain would shift from being an enforcer of global north power to being a facilitator of constructive international relations.
The manifesto’s commitment ‘to review all training and equipment contracts with repressive regimes’ could have far- reaching implications if properly applied. Careful work will be required to ensure that existing rules are seriously observed, and that new rules are introduced to end the historic policy of backing authoritarianism wherever that serves the priorities of British state and economic power. The commitment to ‘[cease] arms exports to countries where there is concern that they will be used to violate international humanitarian law’ will also need work to ensure that it means what it says, through a strengthening of the existing rules, the institutionalisation of practices in government that would ensure the proper observance of those rules, and the galvanising of pressure from outside government – within the Labour movement and wider civil society – to guard against backsliding once Labour are in office.
The implications of observing these very basic moral standards (in the case of Yemen, the simple refusal to continue acting as an accessory to mass murder) should not be underestimated. Arms exports – mostly going to Saudi Arabia, Donald Trump’s United States and Narendra Modi’s India - play a significant role in helping the UK to maintain a domestic military industry, the sine qua non of remaining a global military power. Winding down these exports will ultimately mean relinquishing that status.
This would not be a bad thing. Far from endangering jobs and undermining the country’s security, such moves could complement wider policies to create jobs and meet the real security threats that we will face in the coming decades. It cannot be beyond the wit of the UK to find a better use for the skills, knowledge and expertise of those working in the arms industry, and in any case, the threat of climate change dictates an imperative to divert resources to the development of green technologies and the fast transition of the UK to a low-carbon economy. This connects with Labour’s industrial strategy, creating both the skilled, secure and well-paid jobs of tomorrow and the high-tech export industries that will serve as a far better guarantor of our future prosperity and security than the further enrichment of BAE Systems. As a bonus, these changes will also boost British exports, close the trade deficit, and reduce our reliance on foreign capital inflows, helping to further dismantle the relationship with the Gulf regimes.
The ‘Defence’ section of the manifesto is palpably a compromise with the party right. It commits Labour to spending ‘at least 2 per cent of GDP’ on the military, placing the UK significantly ahead of most OECD countries, including the more social democratic and egalitarian economies of northern Europe. This is plainly unjustified at a time when domestic infrastructure, industry and public services are in desperate need of investment, and when Britain could give far more in terms of international aid. Given that 53 per cent of the public agreed with Corbyn’s argument, made after the 2017 Manchester bombings, that British military interventions in the Middle East have contributed to the terrorist threat, it is clearly possible to make the case that being a global military power does not necessarily serve the real security needs of the British people. Indeed, the experience of successive, disastrous military interventions, not limited to the calamitous ‘War On Terror’, has created a political conjucture in which, it is possible to advance some wider arguments about Britain’s potential new role in the world.
International conflict is perhaps best understood not as a question of an innocent Britain forcefully meeting a series of motiveless and inexplicable external threats, but rather as the outcome of complex dynamics between the UK and other actors. These dynamics are capable of either escalating toward violence or de-escalating away from it, depending on the behaviour of those actors. This is not to exonerate any violence or aggression on the part of, say, Al Qaeda or Vladimir Putin’s Russia, but rather to take the practical step of analysing the conditions under which conflict with such actors becomes more or less likely.
With tensions between the West and Russia raising the risk of an accidental or unplanned nuclear exchange to its highest level since the darkest days of the Cold War, the manifesto commitment to renewing Trident is reckless in the extreme, and to retain such a position on grounds of petty internal party politics would display a profound lack of seriousness. The responsible approach is a proactive policy of nuclear disarmament, in accordance with Britain’s commitments under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. This could contribute significantly to a de-escalation of international tensions, heightening humanity’s chances of survival.
Space might then open up to consider the UK’s position within NATO. The ugly, nationalistic chauvinism that Putin represents should be understood against the backdrop of Russia’s post-Cold War demise as an international power, its disastrous adoption of neoliberal shock therapy in the early 1990s, and the eastward expansion of NATO even after the purported Soviet threat to the West had disappeared. Putinism is a right-wing backlash against decline, analagous to Trump and Brexit in their own contexts. A careful de-escalation of tensions with Russia would change the dynamics that feed Putinism, and Britain could contribute significantly to such moves, perhaps first as a dovish member of NATO, and later on as a prime mover in the dismantling of that organisation in a post-Putin era. In addition, meeting commitments under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and adopting a dovish role in NATO will win Britain the credibility required to play the dialogue-promotion role suggested earlier. Each policy complements the other in the overall transition to socialist internationalism.
The pursuit of economic justice for the global south deserves a separate article, but there is clear scope for Britain to use its influence to drag the IMF and other international institutions out of the neoliberal era. Corbyn has spoken of using the UK’s status as a major financial centre to close off avenues forto illegitimate capital flight from the global south. Labour’s ‘development’ policy is certainly way ahead of its stance on ‘defence’ in terms of reflecting the principles of socialist internationalism.
None of the above will be possible without pressure from the movement to strengthen the leadership’s position against the representatives of the status quo ante within the party. Britain is still richer and more powerful than 95 per cent of the world’s states, and the responsibilities that come with that are immense. A renewed and rebooted Labour movement needs to be ready for this challenge when it comes.
David Wearing is a Teaching Fellow in International Relations at Royal Holloway, University of London, and author of ‘AngloArabia: Why Gulf Wealth Matters To Britain’.
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0.936001 |
Music is incomplete when it is heard in low quality voice.
You cannot exactly enjoy music in low quality headphone or speakers.
This is one of the best choices for general music listening purposes.
Since these speakers are small and lightweight, they are highly convenient for users to handle or carry.
Additionally, these speakers have adorable design and an elegant appearance.
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0.530781 |
John McLaughlin's comments have caused controversy.
(CNN) - Longtime Washington talk-show host John McLaughlin is facing fire Monday for referring to Barack Obama as an "Oreo" during a segment on his Sunday political program, "The McLaughlin Group.
The veteran Washington journalist was discussing the recent comments from the Rev. Jesse Jackson, who was caught last week by an open microphone on Fox News saying the Illinois senator is "talking down to black people" as he campaigns for the White House. Those remarks were largely seen in reference to Obama's recent admonishment at a Chicago church of some black men who he said were not living up to their responsibilities as parents.
Referencing Jackson's comments, McLaughlin said Obama "fits the stereotype blacks once labeled as an Oreo - a black on the outside, a white on the inside."
"Does it frost Jackson, Jesse Jackson, that…an Oreo should be the beneficiary of the long civil rights struggle which Jesse Jackson spent his lifetime fighting for?" McLaughlin asked his panelists.
The term "Oreo" is often viewed as a derogatory term toward some African-Americans who appear not to exhibit certain stereotypes of their race.
Panelist Peter Beinart, a senior fellow on the Council of Foreign Relations, immediately called that depiction of Obama "completely unfair."
Michelle Bernard, another panelist on the program and the president of the Independent Women's Forum also said she disagreed with the comments, saying "If Barack Obama is an Oreo, then every member of this generation of African-Americans is an Oreo, because we stand on the shoulders of the people who fought for our rights, and all of us say that you cannot blame 'the man' or white racism for everything that ails the black community."
Roland Martin, a CNN contributor and host of a syndicated radio show, says some people may be overreacting to McLaughlin's remark.
"Obama's candidacy is bringing to light to the internal conversation that is taking place in black America and white America. I think a lot of people are uncomfortable with the dialogue," he said. "If John McLaughlin was an African American and who had made the comment, people would have said, well, he probably understands what he's talking about."
"The reality is we also have a white, his mother is white and his dad is from Kenya," Martin also said. "I think that is the qualifier there and this is a debate that you have heard take place inside of the black community that you also have people who question someone like Obama, where does he stand? Is he black enough?"
This is a major DISTRACTION away from the ISSUES! This is why many youth are attracted to Obama! We're tired of so called "adults" being so ignorant.
Let a black person call a white person a cracker on air and it'd be the end of the world!! John is a senile old man and should get in a time machine and get back to the 60's!
The Right wing party is one of Hatred!"
But it's ok to call Bush and Chaney Nazi's correct? At least Obama IS an Oreo.
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0.999999 |
What is the better known stage name of Robyn Fenty?
Robyn Rihanna Fenty is a Barbadian singer, songwriter, and actress. Born in Saint Michael, Barbados, and raised in Bridgetown, she was discovered by American record producer Evan Rogers in her home country in 2003. Throughout 2004, she recorded demo tapes under the direction of Rogers and signed a recording contract with Def Jam Recordings after auditioning for its then-president, rapper and hip hop producer Jay-Z. In 2005, Rihanna rose to fame with the release of her debut studio album Music of the Sun as well as its follow-up A Girl like Me (2006). Both albums peaked within the top ten of the US Billboard 200 and respectively produced the successful singles “Pon de Replay”, “SOS” and “Unfaithful”.
Recognized as a pop icon, Rihanna is one of the best-selling music artists of all time, with 280 million records sold worldwide. Rihanna is the youngest solo artist to earn fourteen number-one singles and has a total of thirty one top-ten singles on the Billboard Hot 100. Among numerous awards and accolades, Rihanna has won nine Grammy Awards, thirteen American Music Awards and twelve Billboard Music Awards. She currently holds six Guinness World Records. Furthermore, she was awarded with the inaugural American Music Award for Icon in 2013 and the Michael Jackson Video Vanguard Award in 2016. Rihanna received the Fashion Icon lifetime achievement award from the Council of Fashion Designers of America in 2014. In 2012, Forbes ranked her the fourth most powerful celebrity, while Time included her on the annual list of the most influential people in the world in 2012 and 2018. Rihanna was named Harvard University’s “Humanitarian of the Year” by the Harvard Foundation in early 2017.
She was appointed as an Ambassador on behalf of the government of Barbados in 2018, with her duties involving the promotion of education, tourism and investment.
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0.999997 |
Article: Hierarchies: Tall or Flat, Take a pick!
With a greater onus on innovation and agility at the workplace today, is killing organizational hierarchies a bet that companies can afford? Are flatter organizational structures really the answer?
So rather than asking the question “Do hierarchies work or flatter structures?”, the question should be “What does the workforce of today demand and need?” or “Does innovation really depend on organizational structures?” or “Is it about hierarchies, flatter organizations, or open communication channels?” The questions go beyond organizational structures to encompass issues related to leadership, engagement, and innovation. How prepared are our organizations to address them?
Prof TV Rao, Chairman, TVRLS & Founder President, NHRDN: Time to kill hierarchies: We did it six decades ago - why not now?
Nanjappa BS, Vice President - HR, Infosys: No one ever did anything awesome or great just because they were told to!
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0.999977 |
What about the husbands parents?
Please note, I am not a licensed therapist. My responses are based on my life’s experiences. However, I give serious thought and conduct additional research as needed before I reply to your questions. In some cases, I may recommend your consulting a therapist, and frequently I consult a professional in the field before responding.
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0.958142 |
Medium voltage power cable refers to 35,000 kv and below power cable.
Medium voltage power cable relates to cable technical field, including cable core, the filling layer and the outer sheath, the cable core consists of one or three insulated wire cores, Medium Voltage Power Cable and the insulating core consists of a conductor, a conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer, an insulating shielding layer and a metal shielding layer in turn, and is characterized in that The conductor shielding layer is composed of a half conductive conductor shielding rubber material; Medium Voltage Power Cable The insulating layer is composed of a medium pressure halogen-free ethylene-propylene rubber insulating material, wherein the insulating shielding layer is composed of a half conductive insulating shielding rubber material, and the conductor shielding layer, insulating layer and insulating shielding layer are packed on the conductor by Coextrusion. Medium Voltage Power Cable The utility model has excellent properties such as flame retardant, corrosion resistance, irradiation resistance, aging resistance and high dielectric property, and ensures its safe and reliable in the harsh use environment of the third generation nuclear power plant, Medium Voltage Power Cable and greatly improves the service life of the cable.
The voltage level of medium voltage power cable is divided into 3. $number kv, $number kv, $number kv, 8.7/10 kv, 8.7/15 kv, 12/20 kv, 18/30 kv, 21/35 kv and 26/35 kv. of which $number kv and $number kv, 8.7/10 KV and 8.7/15 KV Cable production process and performance requirements are the same, but the application of the power system is not the same. $number kv and 8.7/10 KV cable is mainly used in a Class A, Medium Voltage Power Cable B system with higher safety factor, $number kv and 8.7/15 KV cable is used in C class system with lower safety factor .
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0.999866 |
The old saying that "figures don't lie but liars figure" comes to mind when you consider what union partisans are doing with numbers to advance their interest in the misnamed "Employee Free Choice Act."
It all began when a union front group, American Rights at Work, issued a report saying that every 23 minutes, a worker is fired or discriminated against for their support of a union. They claim that the figure is "derived from the 1993-2003 NLRB Annual Reports, which indicate an average of 22,633 workers per year were ordered to receive backpay (sic) from their employers."
The unions updated the number for their fight on the "Employee Free Choice Act." They now claim that in 2005 it was 31,358 or one every 17 minutes.
"According to NLRB statistics, in 1969, the number of workers who suffered illegal retaliation for exercising their federal labor law rights was just over 6,000. By the 1990s, more than 20,000 workers each year were victims of discrimination. In 2005, according to the NLRB's Annual Report, 31,358 workers received backpay because of illegal employer discrimination in violation of the National Labor Relations Act - one worker every 17 minutes. Imagine if, instead of firing workers to guarantee a union-free workplace, this many workers were fired to maintain a women-free workplace or a minority-free workplace."
News reports have also featured the 31,358 number. A recent New York Times story includes the following, "Mr. Samuel [AFL-CIO Legislative Director Bill Samuel] pointed to a National Labor Relations Board report that 31,358 workers received back pay in 2005 after their employers were accused of illegally retaliating against them for supporting a union."
The source of the famous 31,358 is the NLRB's 2005 Annual Report. The only place in the entire report where you will find 31,358 is the number of employees who received back pay. You can find the number in Table 4 on page 116.
The trouble is that there are many reasons an employee could receive back pay under NLRB rules and regulations that have nothing to do with being fired or discriminated against for their support of a union.
The most common one would be if a unionized employer refused to bargain or made unilateral changes in working conditions. In other words, if an employer changed the conditions of employment without negotiating with the union. These are what the NLRB refers to as 8(a)(5) cases. According to the NLRB report in 2005, 8,911 of the back pay cases were 8(a)(5) cases and according to a footnote on Table 4 each case can involve more than one employee.
So for example, if an employer unilaterally changed the terms and conditions of employment it would be just one case but it could involve hundreds or even thousands of employees receiving back pay. These 8(a)(5) cases rarely involve an employee being "fired or discriminated against" for union activity.
Other types of 8(a)(5) cases can result in back pay. For example, if a union contract calls for union representatives to be paid for time spent in negotiations and the employer refuses to do this, the union representative can file a complaint and be awarded back pay.
Unilateral changes don't always involve pay but can result in back pay. For example, if an employee who is covered by a union contract is disciplined for drug abuse and the drug abuse policy wasn't negotiated with the union the employee could receive back pay for any time missed because of the discipline.
An analysis of NLRB cases by the Center for Union Facts came to the conclusion that employees were fired for union activity in 1.5 percent of all NLRB election cases in 2005. The NLRB conducted 2,649 union certification elections in 2005 so there may have been as few as 40 people fired for protected union activity. Admittedly, that doesn't cover "discrimination" that didn't involve firing but obviously the unions' claim of 31,358 has no basis in reality.
James Sherk at The Heritage Foundation took a slightly different look at this issue in "The Truth About Improper Firings and Union Intimidation."
The bottom line is that it may be impossible to figure out the exact number from available information but whatever the number is it is a far cry from the 31,358 unions claim.
The AFL-CIO also has a problem being candid about some polling numbers on how many employees want union representation. For more information on this take a look at "Can You Believe Union Polls?"
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0.999813 |
Here are some proposals that have been made in the current election. In each case, do you support or oppose it?
Tax: Scrap income tax on earnings of less than £10,000 a year. The £17billion cost of this will be paid for by a tax on bigger houses, a tax on airline flights, restricting tax relief on pensions savings for higher-rate taxpayers, and attempting to clamp down on tax avoidance.
Danny Finkelstein and Guido had a bit of Twitter spat about this last night. Guido holds Fink responsible for accepting the Balls/Brown dividing lines and helping to foist on the Tories their “no tax cuts” position. A policy position that Guido sees as cowardice in the face of the enemy. Relying on the momentum for “change” and making the election a referendum on Gordon left one huge exposed flank – they had forgotten the other “change” candidate and they have now been outflanked not just on change but also on what was once their politically Unique Selling Point – tax cuts. Don’t say Guido hasn’t warned Fink publicly and repeatedly, as far back as November 2008, that what he advocated allowed the Tories to be outflanked. Clegg himself even told Fink that he was wrong saying “I’m not sure I’ve ever been called a “punk tax cutter” before. I quite like the label… Danny Finklestein is wrong, and cutting taxes is right… Growth is what we need now.” Fink still hasn’t justified his ridiculous over the top claim that the economy would be destabilised by tax cuts with a single historical example of this ever happening.
On the weekend a disappointed Tory insider told Guido they had searched through Clegg’s expense claims from his days as an MEP – “He wasn’t on the take.” Instead they are going to attack Clegg for being a former lobbyist – is that really wise when they are also led by a former lobbyist?
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0.999998 |
Camden's Jamon Jamon offers high quality Spanish cuisine.
Jamon Jamon is indeed my favourite restaurant in Camden. It's got everything: relaxed atmosphere, courteous, friendly and occasionally hot (male) staff, delicious food in abundance (meat, fish, veg, you name it) and the fabulous Bonbon De Chocolate (chocolate ice-cream for us commoners) is a simple but perfect ending to the already huge meal.
Jamon Jamon also serves delicious sangria and a selection of Latin cocktails like pina colada, beers, wines, etc. which are all good.
OK so it's not cheap but you can get away with being full to bursting and it costs approx £20.00. So, it's not expensive either. Whenever it's dinner time in Camden, it's Jamon Jamon!
As well as being a saucy film starring Penelope Cruz, Jamon Jamon is a Spanish restaurant in Camden. Like Ms Cruz they serve up lots of saucy treats, and you could get quite intoxicated after a few hours there. Unsurprisingly for a place called Jamon Jamon (Ham Ham) there were plenty of meat dishes to pick from, as well as veggie dishes for the health fiends out there.
I was asked by friends to meet at Jamon Jamon on Saturday evening, I wasn't keen after reading some of the bad reviews.
How wrong could they be? The staff were helpful, friendly and welcoming, the surroundings were spartan but comfortable, and the food excellent and reasonably priced. So it takes 40 mins to bring a (delicious) paella - it was obviously individually and lovingly prepared just for us, not scooped quickly from a communal pot!
I am used to pretentious over-priced restaurants in Brighton - Jamon Jamon is totally the opposite. I loved the sliding roof which gave it a piazza feel. My only slight criticism was that the staff all seemed to be serving all tables which led to small muddles. Excellent - open in Brighton please!
Jamon, Jamon was a place I found by chance and was in fact not the place I was looking for originally. Despite not finding the Spanish tapas place, I was originally looking for in that area, the food was pretty close to the real thing. The food & service was great and the staff were very friendly. It surprises me the extremes on here, from rants to high praises. I would say it was good enough for 4 out of stars but as I have only been to it once, it does not warrant 5 stars. If you have been to Spain, the pan fried potatoes referred to in the other reviews are called Patatas Bravas & very normal. If you have not had patatas bravas before then I guess you don't know what you are in store for but personally I thought they tasted pretty amazing. The waiting staff I found were very attentive and helpful & very much the opposite of some of the other reviews written about this place. I am semi-spurred on to go again to see if I receive the same level of service. In my opinion it is well worth the visit and not overly priced. After just getting back from Valencia myself, the food was pretty damn close to the real thing!
Be prepared to pay £4.55 for the white asparagus, which came directly from a tin. Seriously, I could have easily gone to the supermarket and bought a tin for 47p The mojitos taste like lime, and only lime. The mouse I saw running past my table probably ate the mint leaves.
I came across this despicable caterer "thanks to" a friend who innocently recommended it to me for having a great memory of it from five years back. Well, five years on, here's what happened:On a summer's day, another friend of mine and I decided to give it a go. We entered the place, nicely proceeded to the "table for two" ritual, and were abruptly told to wait while a table would be set for us "as soon as possible". We tried to inform the waitress that we'd be sitting at the only outside table, until she’d be able to serve us. Tried that is: hardly had I opened my mouth to let her know that she gave me the fed- up look, saying "she was busy and would do what she can when can”.We sat at the dirty outside table hoping to at least be handed the menu while we'd be waiting. 10 minutes, 15minutes, 20 minutes later STILL NOTHING.I went to the “warm and welcoming” (NOT) waitress to ask for the manager, and guess what: so she was!!!!!!!!! A manager unable to: • Nicely ask CUSTOMERS (aka kings by rule) to patiently wait while a table would be made available for them• Supply menus so they could at least get an idea of what they'd order while waiting for close to 30 minute.• Be diplomatic and amicable, and apply all she should have learnt (but obviously forgot) about CUSTOMER SERVICEI forgot to say that while we patiently waited, about 6 customers arrived and were allocated tables with no wait!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Not sure what justified for my pregnant friend and I to promptly be relegated to the “waiting” list though, except maybe my “excessive” (for some) and permanent tan... Anyway, here's the outcome: Menus thrown back (after I had to go and get them myself) at the “unmanaging” (Spanish) waitress, various props flying in the air, two upset customers, a bad memory and an even worse review (don't be fooled by the one-star rating, it’s only that the system won't allow me to put none!).
If you like raw prawns and picking the intestines out of them, then this is your place, re-fried potatoes in the casarole, and possibly the worst paella I have ever had. The parma ham and cheese was nice, so I take my hat of to the chef for being able to slice. I would not recommend this place to anyone.
I visited Jamon Jamon on a Monday night last year and, in addition to the delicious food, a wonderful little guitar duet turned up and did a set of Spanish songs. It made for a truly memorable evening. I would certainly recommend going to Jamon Jamon on a Monday night!
Jamon Jamon is so unbelievably bad. At this restaurant they serve chips with tomato sauce poured over them (patatas bravas). Jamon Jamon? Yuk, yuk, yuk!
Jamon Jamon isn’t just about eating Spanish food, it’s about bringing a little bit of Spain to London. Enter the doors, settle down and leave Camden behind.
The restaurant’s bright yellow front emblazoned with black metal branding-iron style letters “Jamon Jamon” makes it hard to miss, even on a stretch of door-to-door restaurants. Jamon Jamon has been giving a sunny, Mediterranean outlook to the area since 2002, and inside, the sunny, Mediterranean look continues. A large window at the front and sky light at the back work to maximise London’s sun. Stone (or perhaps stone-look) walls, wooden floors and a scattering of plants give a distinctly Spanish feel, making it every bit one of the darkened tapas bars of Barcelona, just a bit lighter and brighter.
Service goes beyond polite, with staff conversing with customers as if they were old friends, giving the restaurant a brilliantly communal, friendly atmosphere that is very Spanish in character.
As would be expected given the look of the restaurant, it’s authentic tapas that’s the order of the day at Jamon Jamon. There are no frills, just simply cooked dishes the way they’d be done in an old-school Spanish bar. A “tabla” of meat and cheese comes with a choice of meats that lives up to the restaurant’s name. There’s Jamon Serrano (cured ham), Lomo Iberico (cured pork loin), Chorizo Iberico and Salchichon Iberico (salami). The Serrano ham is clearly high quality, with a deep taste and melt-in-the-mouth texture, plus not too much fat. Manchego which accompanies it is equally well-received, and a hefty portion of any two meats or cheese is fairly good value at £8.95.
Pisto Manchego (£4.75) is a medley of aubergine, courgette, red and green peppers and onions in a garlicky tomato sauce rich with a peppery olive oil. Croquetas de cabrales (£4.75) come stuffed with blue cheese. They’re unlikely to rival the classic croquetas, but a fun twist on the theme all the same and what’s particularly notable is the sweet, crunchy breadcrumbed outer layer which gives them much needed bite and contrasts well with the cheese. The same breadcrumb and frying technique also help make Berenjenas rebozadas (fried aubergine, £4.75) a triumph, with the sweet outer contrasting the gooey aubergine centre.
Gambas al ajillo (£6.25), sizzling prawns in olive oil, garlic and chilli come to the table topped with a plate just to keep all the sizzling in, and there’s whole pieces of garlic and chilli floating in the olive oil. The level of flavour and the drama involved in the serving make it a highlight, though the next dish steals the show. Bacalao con Alioli (£5.95), salt cod, is topped with potatoes and red peppers then sealed with a hefty portion of garlic mayonnaise before being grilled. To the uninitiated, hot mayonnaise doesn’t sound the most appealing option, but it really works, becoming something of a garlicky hollandaise.
Tapas and sherry are certain bedfellows, and Jamon Jamon has a decent list which covers all the regulars. A pleasantly salty tasting Manzanilla is ideal with green olives, whilst a sweeter Amontillado offers a richer drink that’s good with cheeses and could even stretch to dessert. There’s also Sangria, Cava and good range of Spanish beers and wines.
If Spain seems too far away, a trip to Jamon Jamon may be the answer. From decor to service to food, it’s all so authentic and homely that you’d never guess it was NW1.
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0.942282 |
Why is my one foot/one ankle/one leg swollen?
Swelling in legs and feet can say a lot about your overall health - not just the health of feet and legs! There are several different reasons for swelling in legs and feet and sometimes this swelling affects one leg while other times it affects both. Are your legs swollen? Your feet? Your toes? Is it more noticeable at any one time of day?
1. Injury: A leg/foot/toe is often swollen if an injury has occured. This can be due to sprains, strains, fractures or tendon tears or ruptures. A lot of times, if an injury is the cause of swelling, this is something you would know about and remember an incident. However, in some cases (especially in individuals with neuropathy or numbness in feet/legs) an injury may have occured which didn't seem like much of a big deal at the time - yet some damage to bone or ligaments may have occured. It is important to treat injuries quickly, or the recovery time can be much longer.
2. Arthritic Process: There are a variety of types of arthritis and some are more widespread than others. Gout is an arthritic process related to an excessive amount of uric acid building up in the body. This uric acid then can settle into joints and cause not only swelling, but often a GREAT deal of pain and redness. Osteoarthritis (the wear and tear type) can cause swelling of joints with increased activity. Rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis are the result of autoimmune disease which causes inflammation (swelling) of joints as well. With these types of arthritis, again, pain is usually present with swelling.
3. Infection: Infections can develop following a break in the skin that allows the natural bacteria of the skin to sneak under the surface. However, not all infections require a break in the skin. Swelling from infections is related to the inflammatory process that your body undergoes in efforts to fight off the infection. Redness, pain and sometimes drainage through an open lesion are other signs of infection.
4. Baker's Cyst: A Baker's cyst is a fluid-filled cyst that occurs behind the knee. This usually develops due to injury or arthritis within the knee joint.
5. DVT: DVT stands for deep vein thrombosis. When we break this word down, it means that there is a collection of blood (a clot) within a vein deep in the calf of the leg. DVT's are very dangerous and if left untreated, can cause migration of the clot to the lungs and even be deadly. A DVT is often accompanied with a feeling of a charlie horse in the calf as well as warmth of the leg as compared to the other side.
As you can see, the causes of swelling that is only present in one appendage can be due to a vast variety of causes. Treatments for these causes is very different from one to the next. If you have swelling in one leg, one foot, even one toe - especially if it is painful, consider seeing your doctor to seek treatment before the problem gets worse!
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0.966572 |
I resigned my job on principle when an employee of mine was unfairly penalised for something that wasn't his fault. Now my colleagues and employees keep calling me at home and insisting I come back.
Would doing so render my previous action meaningless? I'm not desperate to return, but I honestly think I can help to improve the way the company is run. My employers have said they would take me back.
I should really know what happened to the employee who was unfairly penalised. Did the company ever admit its error and offer compensation?
If so, your action was far from meaningless and your reluctance to return to the firm is unfounded.
Even if the error went uncorrected, I doubt if it has been repeated, so your resignation will still have had a beneficial effect.
This leads me to suspect that what was once a genuine point of principle is now a small, stubborn obsession. If everyone wants you back, if you'd like to go back yourself, if the company is now decently run and if you're confident that you could help it be run even better, then you shouldn't let this little prick of vanity stop you.
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0.951361 |
Sly Moore, an Umbaran female Force Adept with the alleged ability to manipulate the minds of others, was the senior administrative aide of Supreme Chancellor Sheev Palpatine during the final years of the Galactic Republic. She would ultimately stand at the chancellor's side along with Vice Chair Mas Amedda on the day Palpatine ended the Clone Wars and anointed himself Emperor of the First Galactic Empire.
A Force-sensitive native of the planet Umbara, Sly Moore served as the senior administrative aide to Supreme Chancellor Sheev Palpatine—who was, in secret, Darth Sidious, the Dark Lord of the Sith—following his election to that office, and stood beside both the Chancellor and Vice Chair Mas Amedda atop the Chancellor's podium in the center of the Galactic Senate Chamber, located in the Senate Building on the planet Coruscant, during sessions of the Galactic Senate. Her past prior to her association with Palpatine was shrouded in mystery, but she was aware of Palpatine's dual role as Chancellor and Sith Master.
She was present in the session of the Galactic Senate in which Junior Representative Jar Jar Binks of Naboo proposed that Palpatine be given emergency executive powers in order to combat the alleged threat that the Confederacy of Independent Systems posed to the Republic. The proposal was successful, and Palpatine declared that the clone army created in secret on Kamino would become the Grand Army of the Republic.
Sly Moore was an Umbaran official with a background shrouded in mystery.
During the Clone Wars, in which the Grand Army fought against the Separatist battle droid armies, Moore continued to serve the Chancellor and accompanied Janus Greejatus, Ars Dangor, Sate Pestage and Lieutenant Commander Orson Krennic to Geonosis to oversee Poggle the Lesser's homecoming. As Poggle gave a speech to his fellow Geonosians, Moore sat in the Petranaki arena alongside the other emissaries.
After the Battle of Coruscant, she was present with the Chancellor in the Galaxies Opera House on Coruscant for a performance of the Mon Calamari play Squid Lake. Palpatine dismissed her and his other aides upon the arrival of Jedi Knight Anakin Skywalker, to whom he told the story of Darth Plagueis, his Sith Master, as part of his plan to seduce Skywalker to the dark side of the Force.
Sly Moore and Mas Amedda were with their master, Palpatine on the day he declared himself Emperor.
In 19 BBY, the Jedi High Council discovered that Palpatine was the Dark Lord of the Sith. A group of Jedi Masters, led by Mace Windu, attempted to arrest the Chancellor. Palpatine killed all four Jedi Masters and publicly declared that the Jedi Order had attempted to take over the Republic. Moore was again present in a special session of the Senate, in which Palpatine proclaimed that the Republic would be transformed into the Galactic Empire to ensure security and stability after the Clone War and the so-called Jedi rebellion.
An Umbaran female, Sly Moore had pale skin and white eyes, and her head was bald. She was always at Palpatine's side—even when he addressed the galaxy from atop his podium in the Senate Chamber—but kept silent in most situations and zealously guarded her master's secrets.
It was said that Sly Moore was able to influence others through her mental power.
Sly Moore was originally created for the 2002 film Star Wars: Episode II Attack of the Clones, where she was portrayed by Australian disc jockey and actress Sandi Finlay. However, she was first identified by name in the credits for the 2005 film Star Wars: Episode III Revenge of the Sith, where Finlay reprised her role as the character. Make-up artist Lesley Vanderwalt determined Moore's skin tones and palette basing on a goth-like concept art by concept artist Dermot Power. One of the earlier drafts for Episode II had the character who ultimately became Moore known as Uv Gizen.
Wookieepedia has 12 images related to Sly Moore.
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In the past decade, advances in non-volatile memory technologies significantly improve the capabilities of storage devices. However, modern computer architectures, including accelerator based, heterogeneous computers, still inherit the entrenched boundaries among components. These boundaries lead to inefficiencies for executing applications, especially when the computer needs to deal with a huge volume of data.
To allow computers to make efficient use of modern NVM-based storage/memory devices and lead to performance improvements, we should break the boundaries in computer architectures. I propose three directions: 1) redefining the roles of architectural components 2) revisiting the interfaces and 3) removing unnecessary layers and local optimizations. I will demonstrate that by redefining the role of modern non-volatile memory-based storage devices, we can improve the performance of applications by 1.39x. By revisiting the storage device interface, we can not only remove redundant layers in computer systems, but also achieve a speedup of 2.5x for key-value store.
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What type of blood should be crossmatched for this patient?
The patient appears to be a weak subgroup of A and is Rh positive. The particular subgroup is undefined but the patient's cells react w+ with anti-A and 2+ with anti-A,B. In addition, the patient has anti-A1 as a cold antibody not reactive at 37o C.
In such cases blood can be obtained by crossmatching group A Rh positive donor red cells by a method that includes an antiglobulin test at 37o C and issuing crossmatch-compatible donor units. Performing the antiglobin crossmatch is preferred, given that the patient has an uncommon ABO group with discrepancies in both the front and reverse group.
Alternatively, the most conservative and safest procedure would be to crossmatch (electronic or antiglobin crossmatch) group O donor units that have been ABO retested.
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In this Q&A, Paul Browning of Mitsubishi Hitachi explains how additive manufacturing technology helps build gas turbine parts that are more cost-effective and energy-efficient.
Additive manufacturing technology has not yet reached critical mass in manufacturing, but there are areas where it has become an essential ingredient of the process.
Many companies are finding that there are things that additive manufacturing can do that simply can't be done with traditional manufacturing processes. Design freedom enables you to design for the part, not the manufacturing process, and new techniques and materials enable you to manufacture parts that are lighter weight, but that have greater strength and heat tolerance.
Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Americas Inc. is an early adopter of additive technologies, and it has discovered these benefits; additive enables it to manufacture gas turbine parts that can tolerate much greater pressure and higher temperatures. This, in turn, makes for greater efficiency and lower costs for the power plants that run Mitsubishi Hitachi's gas turbines.
In this Q&A, Paul Browning, CEO of Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Americas, explains how and why the company uses additive technologies to create better products that improve outcomes for its customers.
What kinds of additive manufacturing technology does Mitsubishi Hitachi use, and what are some of their main benefits?
Paul Browning: We use a single crystal technology that was developed for the silicon wafer industry, and [we] have applied it to some of the most challenging parts of the gas turbine.
The way that you create value for customers with a gas turbine is to get to higher temperatures and higher pressures, which allows us to provide better efficiency.
We use these single crystal technologies to produce directionally solidified parts, which means that all the crystals in the component, which can be a foot tall, align in one direction across the component's stress access point. Our parts have a weakness in the grain boundaries between those crystals, so aligning the axis of weakness along the stress axis greatly improves the components' temperature capabilities.
We've also used a different form of additive technology called plasma spray thermos barrier coatings, which uses multiaxis robotic systems to apply a coating to that same component one layer at a time, allowing us to add about another 150 degrees Celsius to our temperature capability.
This combination allows us to dramatically increase the fuel efficiency of our products, which has a big economic value for our customers, and also dramatically reduces the CO2 emissions per unit of energy produced, so it has benefits for climate change.
How does this additive technology differ from manufacturing processes you used in the past?
Browning: In the single crystal technology, we would have cast that component, and the grains would have all had random orientation relative to one another.
Instead, we grow that part one atomic layer at a time through a very controlled solidification process so that, as the part grows, it maintains the same crystal orientation for all those grains, and they are all uniformly aligned. That's the additive part of it; it's a very tightly controlled solidification process that allows those atoms to deposit one layer at a time and grow the part rather than casting it, as we would have done normally.
Does this change the way you design parts, and even change the types of parts that you are able to manufacture?
Browning: The neat thing about that is that we're now able to take additive manufacturing up to a whole new class of components in our gas turbines.
These are parts that we would have produced in the past, either by the old fashioned casting methods or by very complex and expensive multiple brazing operations. These parts have very complex internal cooling passages in them, and the only way that we [were] able to produce those complex cooling passages was either through multiple brazing operations or through some very expensive cord castings.
Now, we can just print those parts, and our design engineers have a whole new degree of freedom; they're no longer constrained by what we could manufacture.
So we were able to change the game in what we can do, and that's not only having benefits in improving the fuel efficiency of our products, it's also helping reduce pollutant emissions because, in some of our combustion technology, we're able to do a better job of mixing fuel and air [to] reduce emissions of nitrous oxides and other pollutants.
We used to have big debates between our manufacturing team and design teams; the manufacturing team would complain that the design team was always intentionally designing something that they couldn't actually manufacture. That whole argument just goes away when you get into additive manufacturing because you can print anything you can think up.
Additive manufacturing has been used primarily to produce prototype parts, but that has been changing lately. Are you using additive primarily for prototyping, or are you using it for production parts, as well? And does that impact other processes, like your supply chain?
Browning: Particularly [in] the combustion parts area, there's a lot of science in combustion, but there's still a little magic, so we need to prototype parts when we design new products.
There are things that we don't perfectly understand why [they] happen, and there's an iterative process required where we manufacture a prototype component. It's very expensive and time-consuming to produce those prototype parts using standard manufacturing techniques.
Additive manufacturing enabled Mitsubishi Hitachi to make more energy-efficient gas turbine parts.
Now, with additive technology, the time is days rather than months between when our engineers design a part until we've got a part that's ready to go into an engine. So that has just dramatically changed our product development.
When we get into more production-ready parts, it will be interesting to see how this really impacts our supply chain. Right now, we have these additive capabilities in house, but I think, as we move more into a full production mode with these 3D printed parts, we'll look more to our supply chain to add this capability and provide us [with] these components.
What are the cost implications of additive manufacturing? Is it more or less expensive than traditional manufacturing processes?
Browning: We're willing to spend money if it creates value for our customers, and we can create tens and hundreds of millions of dollars in value for our customers by investing a bit more in our components. We're an early adopter in this [and] we can create so much value for our customers that we can afford to spend money on one of these parts.
We can produce parts for one class of components -- fuel nozzles -- cheaper and faster using additive than we can with our traditional, multistage brazing operations. We have other components where we think the 3D printed part will actually cost more than the conventionally cast part, but the performance benefits more than offset the additional cost of 3D printing.
We also think that, over time, the costs of additive manufacturing [are] going to fall rapidly, so even if we have to spend more today, we're willing to do that because we feel that, in future years, the costs are going to come down.
One of the traditional liabilities of additive technology is that it can sometimes take a long time to build a part. Have you seen this in your additive processes?
Browning: In the prototyping stage, I would say additive is a huge speed enhancer. In the full production phase, typically additive is going to be slower than our traditional process, particularly when we're replacing conventionally cast parts.
But when we look at the lead time of our components, we have longer lead time items than these 3D printed parts, so we can fit them inside of our standard lead times for the overall final product.
What does the future hold for additive technology in general, and for your manufacturing processes at Mitsubishi Hitachi specifically?
Browning: The big story here is that we've been using additive for a while, and it makes sense in our industry that we're an early adopter because we can create so much value for our customers with it.
As we move now from the additive technologies that I described earlier into 3D printing with metallic components, we'll see a whole new wave of additive technologies that we'll be able to bring to bear for our products.
As the cost curve comes down on these, we'll see it penetrating not only the BOMs [bills of material] of our products, but also moving into other industries that [Mitsubishi Hitachi] is active in, so we're going to see additive move into more and more applications for our company overall, not just our gas turbine business.
What are some of the ways that additive manufacturing technology can improve your organization's manufacturing processes?
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If you like the climate norms of the recent past, this is not good news.
Monthly levels concentrations of carbon dioxide topped 400 parts per million throughout the northern hemisphere in April for the first time, according to the World Meteorogical Organization .
The threshold reinforces evidence that burning of fossil fuels and other human activities are resulting in the ongoing increase in heat-trapping greenhouse gases that are warming our planet, according to a WMO statement .
All northern hemisphere monitoring stations in the World Meteorological Organization Global Atmosphere Watch network reported record atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels during the seasonal maximum. This happens in early spring in the northern hemisphere, before vegetation growth absorbs CO2, the statement says.
The global annual average CO2 concentration is expected to exceed 400 ppm in 2015 or 2016, the statement says.
With climate change, the Northeast is expected to endure numerous challenges, including increased health-related impacts and costs, such as premature death and hospitalization stemming from even modest increases in heat, according to the National Climate Assessment .
In the mid-Atlantic, estimates suggest that between 450,000 and 2.3 million people are at risk from a 3-foot sea level rise, which is in the range of projections for this century, according to the assessment.
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You'll be £11.99 closer to your next £10.00 credit when you purchase Newcastle at War 1939–45. What's this?
Newcastle was a key cog in the national war effort despite its northerly location, located on the key East Coast it played a significant military and civil role in the war. Newcastle is situated on the strategically important River Tyne and was well defended against enemy attack with several forts and other measures in place.
Newcastle, a largely urban industrial community, was home to key wartime industries with its shipbuilding yards building and repairing huge numbers of vessels, both naval and merchant, throughout the war and its munitions and heavy engineering also making key contributions (especially in the construction and fitting of heavy naval guns). This made the town a significant target for the Luftwaffe and several determined raids were made which inflicted heavy casualties, especially during 1941.
The city also became the centre of a widespread ARP scandal when local and national enquiries revealed large scale corruption at the centre of the ARP organisation and council. The subsequent investigation resulted in several prosecutions, resignations and a national re-organisation of ARP services.
The industries of the city were not without their problems and, despite great patriotism being evidenced, there were several notable illegal strikes including those of dockworkers, engineers and the infamous apprentices strike which saw several prosecutions and resulted in the imprisonment of several suspected communist instigators.
The book also looks at the considerable contribution made by the men and women who volunteered for the ARP and Civil Defence Services. The heavy raids on the city resulted in great loss of life and the men and women of the emergency services were faced with horrifying scenes which they had to overcome and work through.
No member of the community was left untouched by the war whether they were evacuees (the author’s father was one of them), workers, servicemen or just civilians struggling to maintain a home in wartime Britain.
Born and bred in Northumberland, Dr Craig Armstrong is an experienced historian with a special interest in the history of the North East of England and the Anglo-Scottish Borders. He has expertise in nineteenth- and twentieth-century history with a particular focus on social and military history. Dr Armstrong currently splits his time between teaching at Newcastle University and working as a freelance researcher and writer on all things North Eastern.
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The Rev. Terry Jones answers reporters' questions at the Dove World Outreach Center in Gainesville, Florida.
Orlando, Florida (CNN) -- The city of Gainesville, Florida, plans to send a bill estimated at more than $180,000 to Pastor Terry Jones for security costs surrounding his controversial threat to burn Qurans on the anniversary of the September, 11, 2001, attacks, a police spokeswoman said Friday.
Police agencies spent more than a month working on security plans to ensure the community surrounding Jones' Dove World Outreach Center -- the planned site of the burning -- was safe, according to Gainesville police spokeswoman Cpl. Tscharna Senn.
Jones also told authorities he received numerous death threats because of the planned protest, which he called off amid increasing pressure from world leaders.
The Gainesville Police Department said it spent more than $100,000 while the Alachua County Sheriff's Office spent an estimated $80,000 during the weekend of the planned demonstration.
"We have 286 sworn officers and almost everyone was working either at the Dove Center or at other soft targets," Senn said. "Unless you were sick or injured you were working" the day the burning was to take place.
Officers secured malls in the region, the University of Florida's football stadium and areas around the church in the days leading up to the planned event.
Jones said Friday that the church was "not aware that we would be billed for security."
"If we had known this in advance, then we would have refused to have security," he said.
Some have accused authorities of over preparing.
"It's easy to say we over prepared but if something horrible had happened we would have been criticized for being unprepared," Senn said.
The planned burning prompted demonstrations by Muslims around the world this week, including Iran, Afghanistan, Somalia and India.
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0.999996 |
Where can you find numbers in the 613 area code?
Phone numbers in the 613 area code can be found in 132 cities or locations.
Those phone numbers can be found in the following cities or locations: Adolphustown, Alexandria, Alfred, Almonte, Arden, Arnprior, Athens, Avonmore, Bancroft, Barry's Bay, Bath, Beachburg, Belleville, Bloomfield, Bourget, Brighton, Brockville, Calabogie, Cardiff, Cardinal, Carleton Place, Carp, Casselman, Chalk River, Chesterville, Clarence Creek, Cobden, Coe Hill, Constance Bay, Cornwall, Crysler, Cumberland, Deep River, Delta, Denbigh, Deseronto, Douglas, Eganville, Elgin, Embrun, Enterprise, Finch, Foymount, Frankford, Gananoque, Gilmour, Glen Robertson, Gloucester, Golden Lake, Harrowsmith, Hawkesbury, Ingleside, Inverary, Iroquois, Jockvale, Kanata-Stittsville, Kemptville, Killaloe, Kingston, L'Orignal, Lanark, Lancaster, Lansdowne, Long Sault, Maberly, Madoc, Maitland, Mallorytown, Manotick, Marmora, Martintown, Maxville, Maynooth, McDonalds Corners, Merrickville, Metcalfe, Moose Creek, Morrisburg, Napanee, Navan, Newburgh, North Augusta, North Gower, Northbrook, Odessa, Orleans, Osgoode, Ottawa-Hull, Pakenham, Palmer Rapids, Parham, Pembroke, Pembroke Independent, Perth, Petawawa, Picton, Plantagenet, Plevna, Portland, Prescott, Renfrew, Richmond, Rockland, Rolphton, Russell, Seeleys Bay, Selby, Sharbot Lake, Smiths Falls, South Mountain, Spencerville, St-Regis, St. Eugene, St. Isidore, Stirling, Sydenham, Tamworth, Thurlow, Toledo, Trenton, Tweed, Vankleek Hill, Verona, Wellington, Westmeath, Westport, Whitney, Williamsburg, Winchester, Wolfe Island, Wooler, Yarker.
The carriers providing phone numbers in this area code are: Allstream Inc., Bell Canada, Bell Mobility, Bragg Communications Inc., DAVE Wireless, Distributel, Durham.net Inc (o/a Telnet Communications), ExaTEL Inc., Fibernetics Corporation, Fido Solutions Inc., Globalstar, ISP Telecom, Iristel Inc., Lansdowne Rural Telephone Ltd., NRTC Communications, North Frontenac Telephone Company, North Renfrew Telephone Company Ltd., Primus Telecommunications Canada Inc., Rogers Communications Partnership (Cable), Rogers Communications Partnership (Wireless), Roxborough Telephone Company Ltd., TELUS Integrated Communications, TELUS Mobility, Videotron General Partnership, WIND Mobile Corp., Westport Telephone Company Limited, Westport Telephone Company Ltd..
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Why do radio waves travel better at night?
AM radio waves travel remarkably long distances near dusk because of the behavior of the earth’s atmosphere. A layer in the upper atmosphere, the ionosphere, contains many electrically charged particles and it behaves like a poor electrical conductor. Its conductivity improves in the early evening. When low frequency radio waves encounter this conducting layer, it responds to them and reflects them just like a mirror reflects light. As a result, you can hear very distant radio stations as their waves bounce of the ionosphere. FM transmissions occur at high frequencies that are too fast for the ionosphere to reflect.
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Christchurch shootings: Australian homes raided over NZ mosque attacks Image copyright Getty Images Image caption A policeman stands guard outside Al Noor mosque after the attacks Police have raided two homes in Australia as part of the investigation into the attacks on two mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand. Fifty people died and dozens were injured in the twin shootings on Friday. Australian Brenton Tarrant, 28, has been charged with murder. He is believed to have acted alone in carrying out the attacks. The suspect came from Grafton, 600km (370 miles) north of Sydney. Authorities in New South Wales searched unidentified properties in the nearby suburbs of Sandy Beach and Lawrence on Monday morning. Who are the victims? How attacks unfolded More about the suspect "The primary aim of the activity is to formally obtain material that may assist New Zealand Police in their ongoing investigation," said New South Wales police. Australian media reported that one of the homes belongs t..
Mobile data: Why India has the world's cheapest Image copyright Getty Images India's plummeting data prices have hit a new low. In fact, according to a recent BBC report, the country has the cheapest mobile broadband prices in the world. Technology writer Prasanto K Roy explains how this happened. The BBC report, citing a UK-based price comparison site, said that 1 gigabyte (GB) of mobile data cost $0.26 in India (£0.20), compared with $12.37 in the US, $6.66 in the UK, and a global average of $8.53. But many Indian users said they were actually paying less than $0.10 a GB. Customers in the US and UK too said they were paying less than what the survey reported. Whatever the true cost, what is clear is that mobile data in India is many times cheaper than elsewhere. But it might not last: some said India's low prices were a transient phase as big operators fought for new customers. India net neutrality rules could be world's strongest Hands on with India's £3 ..
Bangladesh Fifa official held for 'defaming' PM Hasina Image copyright FIFA via Getty Images Image caption Mahfuza Akhter Kiron has been a Fifa Council member since 2017 Bangladeshi authorities have arrested a senior member of football's world governing body Fifa for allegedly defaming the country's prime minister. Mahfuza Akhter Kiron, a Fifa Council member, was detained after she had said that Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina was neglecting football. A defamation claim was then filed by a local sport official, alleging that the comments embarrassed the entire nation. On Saturday, Ms Kiron was denied bail and sent to jail, her lawyer said. "We sought bail for her after she was taken to the court. But our prayer was rejected," her lawyer Liakat Hossain said. The government of Sheikh Hasina has been accused by human rights groups of using tough media laws to stifle dissent in the country. Last August, renowned Bangladeshi photographer and activist Shahidul Alam was jai..
Indonesia floods: Dozens dead in Papua province Image copyright EPA Image caption The town of Sentani was one of the worst affected areas At least 58 people have been killed in flash floods in the eastern Indonesian province of Papua. Rescue workers are struggling to reach remote parts of the province, and there are fears the number of dead may rise. Roads have been blocked by landslides and fallen trees, and floodwaters have damaged two bridges and more than 100 houses. More than 4,000 people have been forced from their homes, and some are sheltering in government offices. Local residents said torrential rain began on Saturday evening and continued into the night, triggering mudslides and flash floods. Image copyright AFP Image caption Soldiers pulled a five-month-old baby from the rubble "Our house was flooded with thick mud... we immediately grabbed our valuables and ran to a neighbour's [two-storey] house to seek refuge," said mother-of-two Lili Puji Hastuti, quoted by Agence..
Christchurch shootings: Stories of heroism emerge from attacks Media playback is unsupported on your device Media captionChristchurch shootings: Flowers and Haka in tribute Stories of heroism have emerged from the attacks at two mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand that left 50 people dead. A 48-year-old Afghan man says he confronted the gunman and threw a credit card machine at him. Two rural police officers, one of them armed only with a handgun, chased and arrested Brenton Tarrant, 28. Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern said the gunman, who had explosives in his car, was planning more attacks that day. She had earlier called the killings "an act of terror". Tributes have been paid for the victims while authorities say all bodies should be returned to relatives for burial by Wednesday. About 34 people remain in hospital, including a four-year-old girl who is in a critical condition. Who are the victims? How attacks unfolded More about the suspect Abdul Aziz, who left Kabul for New Zeala..
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Nathan Siever and Robert Batton make up the core creative team behind Utility Muffin Labs. The foundations of Utility Muffin Labs start back in the early 2000's when the two met at a local Live Action Role-Playing game. For over a decade, Nathan and Robert worked together creating rich worlds and storytelling role-playing games for many hundreds of people, both in local and regional games.
What is Utility Muffin Labs?
The labs started as a personal website for Nathan Siever in 2014. Primarily, it was intended as an extended Résumé, housing his artwork, audio production and video production work. After graduating from Illinois Media School, Nathan teamed with Robert to begin making podcasts. In 2015, the two launched their first podcast, Nerd Words, which primarily focused on pop-culture, video games, movies and table-top RPGs. After a year, the two launched their second podcast, 25 Years of Vampire: the Masquerade, focusing on extended reviews of the entire catalogue of Vampire: the Masquerade game books, in order of release.
Now, Utility Muffin Labs release two podcasts a week, various additional audio production work, artwork and run an online-based Vampire: the Masquerade game with 40+ players and growing. With over 10,000 podcast subscribers as of October, 2017, Utility Muffin Labs are getting bigger every day!
Nathan is an avid gamer, film buff, toy collector, music addict, poster enthusiast, book reader, comic nerd and champion of pop-culture. For over 20 years, Nathan has lived and breathed nerd culture, and has been playing and running table-top and live action role-playing games since grade school. In 2014, he founded Utility Muffin Labs as a personal website to share his artwork and writing. In the three years since its foundation, it has grown and evolved into a multi-media and podcasting site, attracting thousands of new gaming and podcast enthusiasts every month. His personal influences come from: Musicians like Frank Zappa and Captain Beefheart (hence the name, Utility Muffin Labs - a play on Frank Zappa's recording studio), authors like Stephen King, Kurt Vonnegut, and Clive Barker, Film Directors such as David Fincher, Quentin Tarantino, and Martin Scorsese and Artists such as Alex Gray, Zdzisław Beksiński, Jecek Yerka, and Timothy Bradstreet.
Nathan is a graduate of Illinois Media School.
Robert comes to us from a long history of being a white-wolf fan and storyteller for over 20+ years. He is passionate and insightful when it comes to Vampire and its many versions. Robert is most familiar with Vampire, Werewolf and Wraith from the Old World of Darkness. His library of the entire Vampire: “The Masquerade”, first through V20 and the entire Vampire: Requiem line is testament to his dedication. For a decade, he captivated an audience of 113 Live Action Role-Players for Vampire: “The Masquerade,” using the Mind’s Eye Theatre system. He has told stories for Vampire LARPs at Gen-Con for five years and is determined to run the “perfect Game.” As a horror film fan his entire life, Bob has always wanted to write and create a world where he could express what he enjoys about the genre. Clive Barker, Anne Rice, Stephen King. H.P. Lovecraft, Mary Shelley and many, many more are the mentors he keeps in his dark imagination.
A classically trained nerd, Rachel is passionate about sharing the many geekdoms she’s curated over the years. She draws inspiration from the worlds created by visionaries like: Neil Gaimen, Michael Crichton, J.K. Rowling, Gene Roddenberry, Guillermo Del Toro, and Jim Henson. When she isn’t fighting the dinosaurs, goblins, and ghouls imagined by her heroes, Rachel enjoys tippity-tapping away at her computer inventing worlds of her own. She loves science, and is on a constant quest to learn more about our world. As a student of the martial arts, she is serious about maintaining a healthy lifestyle and striking a balance between gaming and physical exercise. You can hear Rachel regularly on the Playing Hooky Podcast and follow her on Twitter @rachelisscience and Instagram @racheloutside.
Nathan: the Muffining 2nd ed.
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Many different models of genetic regulatory networks (GRN) exist, but most of them are focused on off-line processing, so that important features of real networks, like adaptive and non-stationary characterare missed. Interdisciplinary insight into the area of self-organization within the living organisms has caused some interesting new thoughts, and the suggested model is among them. Based on reinforcement learning of the Boolean network with random initial structure, the model is searching for a specialized network, that agrees with experimentally obtained data from the real GRN. With some experiments of real biological networks we investigate its behaviour.
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0.74839 |
The Short Admiralty Type 81 was a series of British two-seat floatplanes built prior to the First World War, and used by the Royal Naval Air Service in the early years of the war. They were powered by 160 hp (119 kW) Gnome rotary engines and had folding wings to aid storage on ship, hence the popular name Short Folder, shared with a number of other seaplanes made by Short Brothers.
During 1913, Short Brothers received orders for two new types of floatplanes for the British Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS), a two-bay biplane powered by a 160 hp (119 kW) Gnome Double Lambda two-row rotary engine of which two were ordered, and a lighter and less powerful three-bay biplane powered by a 100 hp (75 kW) Gnome, (the Short Admiralty Type 74) of which seven were ordered.
The first of these to appear was the 160 hp Gnome powered aircraft, the first of which had the Shorts construction number S.63 and the Royal Navy serial number 81 and made its maiden flight in July 1913, piloted by Charles Rumney Samson. It had high aspect ratio wings of uneven span which were fitted with large ailerons on the upper wings and folded for storage on-board ship. The second 160 hp Folder, serial number 82, followed in March 1914, and was followed by two more (89 and 90 with three-bay wings and an improved wing-folding mechanism as tested by the Short S.41. A further five Folders (119-122, 186) powered by 160 hp Gnomes were delivered in 1914, with longer fuselages and larger three-bay wings 67-foot (20.4 m) span compared with 56 feet (17.1 m) for the first aircraft). The two-row Gnomes proved to be unreliable, and were fitted with a large funnel-type exhaust stack above the cowling.
The RNAS took delivery of 81 on 17 July 1913, and it was quickly deployed aboard the cruiser HMS Hermes, which had been converted to the first seaplane tender of the Royal Navy, for the 1913 Naval manoeuvres, where it was used for reconnaissance missions, using a radio set to report the position of shipping. An engine failure on 1 August resulted in 81 ditching about 50 miles from Great Yarmouth, but although damaged, it was rescued by the German timber carrier Clara Mennig. The second aircraft 82 took place in the unsuccessful search for the missing submarine HMS A7, while four 160 hp Folders took part in the Spithead Fleet Review in July 1914.
The RNAS took delivery of the Sopwith Special floatplane which was specifically designed to drop a 14 inch torpedo in early July 1914, but it proved unable to take-off while carrying the planned weapon (or initially at all), so Squadron-Commander Arthur Longmore, commander of the Calshot seaplane station which was carrying out the torpedo trials, suggested that one of the 160 hp Folders be modified for torpedo dropping. Drawings for torpedo gear was quickly produced by Shorts, and the aircraft, No. 121 , flown by Longmore, carried out the first torpedo drop by a British aircraft on 28 July 1914. Although several other 160 hp Folders were fitted with torpedo gear, the modification was of little practical use, as when carrying a torpedo, it could not carry an observer, and even with only 30 minutes fuel, was badly overloaded.
Following the outbreak of the First World War in August 1914, the Royal Navy purchased three fast cross-channel ferrys for use a seaplane carriers, one of which was HMS Engadine, to which three 160 hp folders were allocated. When Engadine took part in the Cuxhaven Raid on Christmas Day 1914, two of her Folders took off as part of the strike force, of which one returned to Engadine, and the other ditched near the Royal Navy submarine E11 which recovered its crew.
Three 160 hp folders were sent to Durban in March 1915 to take part in operations against the German cruiser Kx�nigsberg, blockaded in the Ruji Delta in German East Africa. The Shorts struggled in the hot and humid conditions of East Africa, being unable to carry any bombload, but were used to carry out reconnaissance of the Kx�nigsberg before beign replaced in June that year by a Caudron G.III and two Farman F.27s.
Barnes, C.H. Shorts Aircraft since 1900. London:Putnam, 1967.
Bruce, J.M. "The Short Seaplanes: Historic Military Aircraft No. 14: Part I". Flight, 14 December 1956, pp. 921-926.
Bruce, J.M. "The Short Seaplanes: Historic Military Aircraft No. 14: Part 2". Flight, 21 December 1956, pp. 965-968.
Bruce, J.M. "The Short Seaplanes: Historic Military Aircraft No. 14 Part 4". Flight, 4 January 1957. pp. 23-24.
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0.957376 |
Does Goku possess super quick talking skill?
I know that he can move very quickly (and even instantly). That's why when freeza says there are 5 minutes left till the planet explodes it didn't bother me that those 5 minutes took 11 episodes. Because of their high speed they can move super quickly and many episodes were needed to show everything. What I don't undestand is how they were able to give an enormous amount of speeches in those 5 minutes.
In the Dragonball series, in one of the tournaments, Krillin was fighting Master Roshi. They had a clash, which happened in an instant. No one saw what happened, so they acted the scene out in explaining in detail what happened. It included several attacks, and even a game of rock paper scissors. I don't know if its was in the manga or not, but it is solid evidence showing their speed. Even way back then, when large boulders were a challenge to deal with, they were still fast enough to, in an instant, play a game of rock paper scissors and know who won and lost, in the middle of throwing several attacks.
Later on in the series, we see higher speed fighting. Spectators see numerous shock waves filling their vision, each several meters apart. The fighters are attacking/defending in one place, then distance themselves and clash again dozens of meters apart numerous times in a very short period of time. This kind of speed is a higher leveled version of the Rock paper scissors earlier.
With such things as evidence, we can say it is very possible that they can talk at high speed when necessary. Sometimes, they do talk as they are clashing, though we only ever see that from their perspective, so we cant say for sure if they slowed down or not to talk. So while they at least somewhat can talk at a higher speed thanks to their insane speed and ability to comprehend everything while going at such speeds, they generally don't, and we don't have any solid evidence if they truly can.
But, there are other factors at play here. First off, Anime, even in the middle of canon fights, can and usually do throw in filler. They extend the fights to make the show go on longer, filling in more minutes with less story. There are numerous examples where people are exhausted in the middle of a fight, and yet later in the same fight that is still going on, they magically recovered, because of such filler. Some of that Frieza fight in the anime was filler, or canon scenes extended to fill more time.
Secondly, due to their vast speed, their clashes can be significantly faster than portrayed. Some times, they even count the seconds, and yet each time the count goes down can not only be greater than a second between them, but that time gap can even vary. When we are viewing the fights from the perspective of Goku, we cant possibly tell how much it has been slowed down for us to comprehend.
In frustration, Frieza sends a Death Ball into the core of the planet, starting a chain reaction that would destroy Namek in five minutes (revealing immediately afterwards that he held back too much of his power for the Death Ball to be a complete success).
Its not unreasonable that his estimation was off by a few minutes due to his fear of being on the planet as it explodes, with an opponent he doesn't know he can win against. The wiki summary of the 5 minutes is also quite short, half the size of this answer, not a lot actually happened in those 5 minutes.
Why does Frieza want to kill Goku?
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What languages did the Men of Dale spoke? We know from The Hobbit that the Lake-Men (and the remnants of Dale) spoke the Common Speech. Yet, these are Northmen which orginate of a same root as the Rohirrim. As I just noticed from a quote in the Password Thread, Men of Dale used a cirth which was similar to the Rohirric one.
Madam Fonnstad in her 'language' tree depicts Men of Dale & Rohirrim as from the same branch. And it is reasonable to suppose that these two clans came from the same seeds.
Did the Men of Dale spoke a Mannish Tongue, like the Northern one spoken by the Rohirrim (Rohirric)?
Based on the names given to their kings (notably Bard and Brand), I would say that the Dalemen spoke a language that had a common ancestor with Rohirric, but developed differently due to the two groups being separated. Bard and Brand are both, I believe, derived from Old Norse, which is distantly related to Old English (used to represent Rohirric) through ancient Germanic languages (I believe).
So whatever real language the Men of Dale spoke, it was probably similar to Rohirric in some ways but still clearly a different language of its own.
I was flummoxed as to where to post it.
LOTR also gave my basic informations about the thread. It seems like it could have been a bit everywhere.
Whatsoever, I didn't expect much growth from this thread.
Ah! This is a great question, for a multitude of reasons. I've wanted to start a thread about this for a long time, but I haven't gotten my thoughts together regarding it yet.
First, Bilbo spoke Common to the Men of Long Lake in the Hobbit.
Second, we know from the Appendixes and HoME that the language of Dale was not Common.
Third, we know that ancient hobbit-words were related to the language of the Rohirrim, which was itself related to the language of Dale.
So the question of the language of Dale may be bound up with the great migrations of Men as well as the origins of hobbits. I briefly discussed some of this with Maerbenn and a little less with Herendil. Evidently the mighty Nimruzir has also done some research on this as well as the Pukel-men.
I really apologize for doing this, but I simply don't have time to post all of my thoughts regarding this at the moment, and it may be awhile before I do. They are rather complicated and need quite a bit of researching and editing before they would be legible.
For those of you with HoME, do some searching. In Peoples (I think) there are some great quotes regarding this. Maybe someone can post them.
East of the Misty Mountains, even far to the north, the Common Speech was known; though there, as in Esgaroth [>as beside the Long Lake] or in Dale, or among the Beornings and the Woodmen of the west-eaves of Mirkwood, Men also retained their own tongues in daily use.
But in the north old forms survived. The speech of the Men of Dale, therefore, to shows its relationship has been cast in a Northern form related distantly to the English which has been taken to represent the Common Speech.
But the East Gates which perished in the war against the Orks, had opened upon the wide world, and were less friendly. They had bourne Runic inscriptions in several tongues: spells of prohibition and exclusion in Khuzdul, and commands that all should depart who had not the leave of the Lord of Moria written in Quenya, Sindarin, the Common Speech, the languages of Rohan and of Dale and Dunland.
So the written inscriptions in the Language of Dale had been wrought before this date, which also acknowledges that Dale (the city) was built and established since a long time.
But it also refers to 'Language of Rohan' which was inexistant(Rohan) until III 2510.
"III 2590 Thrór the Dwarf (of Dúrin's race) founds the realm of Erebor (the Lonely Mountain), and becomes 'king under the Mountain'. He lives in friendship with the Men of Dale, who are nearly akin to the Rohirrim."
Though the part about Thrór & Erebor is changed, the existance of Dale is still plausible at this time. Nearly two hundred years later, Smaug descend on Erebor, sacks Dale and slay Girion.
I found something about the Hobbits - for Thorin.
All such enquiries show that before their crossing of the Mountains the Hobbits spoke the same language as Men in the higher vales of the Anduin, roughly between the Carrock and Gladden Fields. 23 Now that language was nearly the same as the language of the ancestors of the Rohirrim; and it was also allied, as has been said above, both to the languages of Men further north and east (as in Dale and Esgaroth), and to those further south from which the Westron itself was derived. It is this possible to understand the rapidity with which evidently the Hobbits adopted the Common Speech as soon as they crossed into Eriador, where it had long been current.
Being that the Rohirrim came from Rhovanion as did the men of Dale, their languages would definitely be similar.
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He's not known for his particularly poetic way with words.
And Danny Dyer stayed very much on brand as he took to Instagram on Thursday to document his current holiday in America.
Sunnie was seen peeking over the back seat, shades on (like her father) pouting at the camera.
Not in the photo were Danny's wife Joanne Mas and their youngest child, Arty, five - who have also been on the family vacation.
As the Dyers have been relishing the delights of Florida, their eldest daughter, Dani, has scooped the Love Island crown in Majorca - and jetted back to the UK with her on-screen love Jack Fincham on Tuesday.
Despite publicly congratulating Dani, 22, and video calling her, Danny and Joanne are still yet to see the 2018 champion in the flesh.
Fans were initially left disappointed to see Danny had jetted off on holiday instead of heading to the Love Island villa for a personal appearance alongside his daughter. But despite his absence, the star made sure to show his support, congratulating her on winning the ITV2 dating show while on board a theme park ride.
Taking to Instagram, Danny joked that he 'couldn't wait' to see his daughter while filming himself on the attraction with wife Joanne in the hilarious clip.
On Wednesday, Danny dished out some advice for his precious daughter after her boyfriend Jack suggested he would marry her next year.
Danny urged them not to have children too young and that Dani should 'live her life' before settling down.
Danny himself was only 19 when Dani was born, and urged the pair to wait before they start a family, and reflected on his own experiences as a young father.
He told the Daily Star: 'As much as I love Dani, and of course I'm overjoyed we had her, I would advise her to have children later on in life. You should live your life first.
'There are benefits to having kids early, but you lose a lot of your own childhood and self-discovery. It was a 24-hour-a-day thing - the baby put a lot of stress on our relationship.
Danny also told The Sun his firstborn would make 'the best wife' after seeing him and Joanne going through 'difficult times' in their relationship.
However, the Football Factory actor said he trusts Dani's judgement completely, adding that she had come on an 'incredible journey' with him and wife Joanne, and that she had her head 'screwed on right'.
Dani previously told The Sun that while kids were on the agenda, the new couple wouldn't be starting a family anytime soon.
She said: 'It ain't about planning when we're gonna have kids.
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Minneapolis, Minnesota's AMERICAN HEAD CHARGE have completed work on their new studio album and Napalm Records debut Tango Umbrella. The album is currently scheduled for an early 2016 release. More details will be announced soon.
AMERICAN HEAD CHARGE burst onto the national scene in 2001 with their Rick Rubin produced American Recordings debut The War Of Art. Aggressive, strange, cathartic, dangerous and, perhaps most importantly, different, they blended the industrial grind of MINISTRY and MARILYN MANSON with the tripped-out melodic experimentation of FAITH NO MORE. OZZFEST 2001 and a worldwide tour with SLIPKNOT followed. During that time, The War Of Art went on to sell in excess of 250,000 units, and it propelled the band to international acclaim with the singles "All Wrapped Up" and "Just So You Know".
After dissolving in 2007 the band reconvened seven years later in 2014, supporting Wayne Static on a few select dates of his 15th Anniversary Wisconsin Death Trip Tour and returned to the UK to perform at the Download Festival along with a performance in London with KILL DEVIL HILL. Based on the success of their Indiegogo campaign, raising over $53,000 to help fund the recording of a new album, AMERICAN HEAD CHARGE entered the studio in the summer of 2014 to begin recording with producer, Dave Fortman at Third Sky Studio, in Richmond, KY. What came of this is the band's forthcoming album Tango Umbrella.
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What is a Nootropic Stack?
I am not a doctor and nothing on this website should be construed to be medical advice to diagnose, treat or cure any disease or medical condition. This is for informational purposes only and you should consult a medical professional before making any changes based on information on this website.
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What deserves to win, and what's likely to win? Those are two very different questions in Sunday night's Oscar sweepstakes. Here are some picks and predictions, based on the nominated movies rather than an ideal slate of candidates.
Most likely: Sam Mendes for "American Beauty"
Most deserving: Spike Jonze for "Being John Malkovich"
Most likely and most deserving: Denzel Washington for "The Hurricane"
Most likely and most deserving: Hilary Swank for "Boys Don't Cry"
Most likely and most deserving: Tom Cruise for "Magnolia"
Most likely: Angelina Jolie in "Girl, Interrupted"
Most deserving: Catherine Keener in "Being John Malkovich"
Most deserving: "Being John Malkovich"
Most likely: "The Cider House Rules"
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Ludwik Lejzer ZAMENHOF (in Esperanto known as Ludoviko Lazaro) was born on the 15th of December 1859 in Ulica Zielona ("Green Street") in the town of Bialystok, which was then situated in the Russian Empire (now part of Poland). His parents were Mark Zamenhof and Rozalia Zamenhof. His father was a teacher of German and French and he also taught geography. He spoke Russian with his son, which was also the language Ludoviko studied in. His mother, a housewife, spoke with Ludoviko in Yiddish. From his childhood Ludoviko showed a love for languages. As a child, he dreamed of becoming a Russian writer, wrote several verses and even a 5-act tragedy. Later, when he was an adult, in one of his letters, he wrote that he fluently spoke three languages (Russian, Polish and German); he fluently read French, but spoke badly. During his life he learned around eight other languages.
The environment in which Zamenhof was born and grew up, can not be called easy. The town was international, containing diverse ethnicities, and according to the memories of Zamenhof, relation between the inhabitants were often far from friendly. The young Zamenhof often went to the market place where he saw the different ethnicities attacking each other. All of this affected the young Zamenhof and as a child he thought that the main reason for the hostile relations between nationalities was a lack of a common language. The dream of one human language strongly possessed him and from that time never left him.
In 1865 Ludoviko started studying in a four year elementary school and in 1869 he started studying in secondary school, where he began studying foreign languages. He was always a diligent student and the teachers said he was very capable. In 1873, the family moved to Warsaw, where Ludovik's father started to teach German in secondary school.
According to the memories of Zamenhof, the worst thing was that in Warsaw he didn't see people, he only saw Russians, Poles, Jews etc., and everyone was hostile to the other and only thought of their own nationality. Ludoviko also quickly learned that he was Jewish because the politics of the Russian Empire were not favourable towards Jews.
There in Warsaw, he saw the large anti-semitism that later pushed him to join the Zionist movement, although from his earliest childhood he always prioritised the "human" and by his words he gave his whole life to that one idea and dream about the unity of humanity. Due to this, he quickly left the Zionist movement but always sympathised with the difficult life of his people.
Quite early, he concluded that the common language, about which he constantly thought, had to be neutral and couldn't belong to any nationality. This was because he saw the tension between different nationalities and understood, that no national language would be accepted by everyone as a common language. In a Warsaw secondary school in 1873, he came into contact with ancient languages and, loyal to his dream, he began to think about reviving one of these languages for modern use. However later he came to the firm conviction that none of the existing languages were suitable for his aim, so a new artificial language was required. Since then he not only dreamed about a common neutral language, but also began to work on its creation.
When in 5th class of secondary school, Ludoviko Zamenhof came into contact with English grammar, which is very simple compared with Greek or Latin. This amazed him and convinced him that there was no need for excessive grammatical rules in his language. In his head was then a rough idea of his language. He began to throw away unnecessary rules and soon he had the smallest grammar he needed, which didn't fill more than a few pages. This delighted Ludoviko and with a new energy he continued his explorations, but the problem of a massive vocabulary troubled him.
One day, the shop sign швейцарская ("guard room") and кондитерская ("sweet shop") caught his attention. This is what what will solve the problem: suffixes! Light fell on the terrible problem of a massive vocabulary and it began to melt away. Even basic words (ex. "mother", "knife" and others) were easily remembered with the help of suffixes. Working on the dictionary, the author quickly realised that current languages already contained a massive number of ready words that were already international and known to many people. They were really a treasure for his future language and he succeeded in using this treasure. He used Latin and Germanic roots as the source of his vocabulary, choosing the simplest and most international of them.
In 1878 the language was almost ready and the 19 year old Ludoviko named it "Lingwe uniwersala". Several of his classmates began to learn this language. Ludoviko celebrated in his parents home the birth of the universal language with these friends, although there was still a large difference between "Lingwe uniwersala" and Esperanto. That was the first period of the language.
The following year in 1879, Ludoviko traveled to Moscow to begin studying in university. He decided to study medicine. It was clear that Ludoviko had an interest in languages but his father thought that linguistics and literature were hopeless professions and that medicine was a better prospect. He told Ludoviko that linguistics could not support a family. Ludoviko was forced to follow his fathers wishes and started studying medicine. There is a legend that his father burnt the notebook with Lingwe uniwersala when Ludoviko was in Moscow. He wanted his son to only focus on his studies to become a good doctor.
In 1881, Ludoviko had to return to Warsaw, where he continued his medical studies. This was linked to the financial situation of his father. He could no longer send the money for food and rent. Ludoviko had siblings who also had to study and also needed money.
In the same year, returning home and finding out about the burning of the notebook with Lingwe uniwersala, he began to focus again on the international language, because he could still remember all the details. At first he was unhappy about the destruction of the notebook but later he realised that the first version of the language was flawed. Some features that seemed suitable in theory were unsuitable in practice. He began to translate a lot, avoiding word-for-word translation, to this or that language and tried to think directly in the neutral language. Afterwards he noticed that the language had formed its own spirit and its own life. It had its own method of expression, not dependent on any other influence. He named this variant of the language "Lingvo internacia". During his last year of medical study in 1884, the international language took the form of the current Esperanto.
In 1885, Ludwik traveled to a medical practice in Lithuania, where he lived with his sister and brother-in-law. There he began to search for a publisher for the language but only to succeed two years later. It was around the same time that he also began to specialise in eye medicine, as he had come to the conclusion that that area was one of the calmest and most peaceful. He soon returned to Warsaw.
During the winter of 1886-1887 Ludwik, living in Warsaw, came into contact with Klara Zilbernik, who had been living with her sister. They fell in love. Klara's father was a soap maker and he gave money to Ludwik to publish the book. Zamenhof decided to use the pseudonym Doctor Esperanto. He thought that it would be difficult for a doctor dependent on the public, if they saw him engaged in irrelevant fantasies. Later, Zamenhof wrote that he felt that he risked the entire future well-being and welfare of his family.
That's how the year 1887 became very important for Ludwik: on the 26th of July Esperanto was born and He married Klara on the 9th of August, who remained loyal to her husband her whole life.
On the 26th of July, the First Book appeared, the first textbook of the international language now named Esperanto. The 26th of July is celebrated as the birthday of Esperanto. The original name in Russian of the work is Международный языкъ. Предисловіе и полный учебникъ. ("International Language. Introduction and full textbook"). The original edition was only in Russian, but before the end of 1887 the book also appeared in Polish, German and French, as well as a second edition in Russian. The first English edition appeared in 1888, badly translated, and it is said that Zamenhof himself stopped its sale until Richard H. Geoghegan, an Irishman living in Britain, re-translated the book.
The new language project was accepted with great enthusiasm. In spite of the partial success of the previous artificial language Volapuk, which appeared in 1879, Esperanto pretty quickly found followers around the whole world. It quickly showed that it was more suitable for international communication as it was easy, logical and beautiful. For Zamenhof, it was a great joy to feel himself surrounded by passionate like minded people. He saw that the language was used and became a living thing. Ludoviko began to receive letters with questions, advice, approval and many were already writing in Esperanto.
After the initial success, a "Second Book" appeared in 1888 ("Dua Libro de l’ Lingvo Internacia"), which was released to describe the International Language and was the first book written entirely in Esperanto. On the 1st of September 1889 appeared "La Esperantisto", in Nuremberg (Germany), the first periodical in Esperanto. In many towns over diverse parts of the world (at first, of course, mostly in Europe) the first Esperanto groups took root. An international movement was being created.
In 1889, Zamenhof, due to a lack of money, had to leave his family and move to the town of Kerson (now in the southern part of Ukraine). Unfortunately, he didn't succeed in finding work. In May 1890, he moved again to Warsaw where he was joined by Klara and their two children, Adam and Sophie (they had been staying with Klara's father in Kaunas, modern Lithuania). After half a year, the family was finally reunited. But money problems troubled Ludoviko for a long time more.
Esperanto became more and more popular, and Zamenhof began correspondence with many of the new Esperantists across many countries. This correspondence required a lot of time and money. His financial situation continued to get worse, so Ludoviko again had to move, this time to Grodno. His family later joined him and they lived there until 1898, when the whole family returned to Warsaw for the last time.
Zamenhof didn't work solely on the language. Understandably, he frequently communicated, read and wrote a lot in Esperanto, wrote books and articles, but he also succeeded in finding time to improve his scientific knowledge. For example, in 1897, he returned to university in Warsaw to perfect his knowledge of optometry.
In Warsaw, he lived in a poor street in the Jewish Quarter, where he stayed until the First World War. He worked as an eye doctor and his prices were low compared with other doctors in the city. Zamenhof often accept patients for free if he saw that they didn't have the money and were living in poverty. He became very popular because many people could only afford to go to him. Zamenhof was forced to work all day and he dedicated his nights to Esperanto. That was how he lived until he died, very modestly, without much money.
From 1898 onwards, a lot of work appeared in Esperanto, which spread in many countries. The result of this spreading was the World Congress. In 1905, in the French town of Boulogne-sur-Mer, the first World Congress took place and 688 people from 20 countries participated, including the creator of the language. It took place between the 5th and 12th of August and Zamenhof presented a long speech. For him, this was one of the most beautiful moments in his life and he was very emotional. He now had the proof that Esperanto could be fluently spoken and easily understood by different nationalities. In total, Zamenhof took part in nine congresses, the tenth was canceled due to the outbreak of the First World War. His wife Klara always accompanied her husband, so she also participated in every congress.
While the popularity of the language was growing, almost from the beginning of its existence emerged various proposals to reform Esperanto. In the beginning Zamenhof democratically listened to all of them and reported them meticulously in the magazine La Esperantisto. Soon after, however, when more and more proposals appeared, the creator of the language realized that many of the proposals were contradictory with one another. Also he already had experience and understood clearly, that something that looks fine in theory, can in practice be the opposite. Furthermore, some proposals satisfying one part of the Esperantists, could be rejected by others.
Zamenhof refused to change Esperanto, a decision which was supported by most Esperantists. He never claimed rights to the language, on the contrary, he wrote that he had never wanted to be the creator of the language but the initiator. His opinion was that he created the foundation but the rest was to be created by both society and life, just like it goes with all other living languages. He believed that Esperanto must live, grow and progress according to the same rules as all the other living languages. Because of that, an untouchable and important document, "Fundamento de Esperanto" which no-one had the right to change, was accepted in 1905. However ideas and propositions for changes within the language remained, which lead to a split within the Esperanto movement and Ido had appeared. For Zamenhof this had been a painful blow but for his natural humbleness and love for peace, he kept on trying to play down the problems and never showed any hostility towards his opponents. Not even towards the one who had betrayed him the most, Louis de Beaufront (Creator of the reformed Esperanto now knows as "Ido"), he wanted to help until the very end and wrote him a surprisingly charitable letter.
The first world war became a huge battle for Zamenhof, for the one, who considered humanity as "one big family". He did succeed in taking part in the eleventh Universala Kongreso in the Uniuted States of America, just like other European Esperantists. It was due to the war that travel to the States was impossible. His health had deteriorated and doctor Zamenhof could no longer work the whole day. His son Adam, took it upon himself to take much of his father's workload. In August the German army occupied Warsaw. The familio of Zamenhof was divided and Ludwik didn't even have the option of keeping in touch with his relatives (e.g. his own daughter), who had lived outside Warsaw.
He was shy to public and did not take pleasure in official ceremonies, which he took part in only because of his status as the creator of Esperanto. He was one of those rare people who played an important international role and yet has nothing to fear or hide from his correspondence: it just shows his natural gentleness, his profound sincerity and his high sense for justice.
He was not a speaker, he spoke softly and quietly. He smoked a lot, especially cigarettes. He had suffered a weak heart and insufficient pulse in his feet from the beginning of the 20th century. Because of that, when his income was sufficient he would visit german spas in summer.
However the most important traits of his character were his willpower, by which he was ready to offer everything in exchange for his ideals, and the patient stubbornness thanks to which he was able to overcome all the obstacles that would lie in the way of achieving his goals. His unwavering love was what allowed him to access both of those traits and inspired him to bring, with all the might and power of his body, mind and soul, a bit of solace to the physically and morally blinded humanity in fulfilling the antique prophecy "Comfort you, comfort you my people."
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Why do I need to have images on my campaign page?
A good image can portray your brand and showcase your products to potential investors.
The images are there to help potential investors better understand the concept of your company and get a feel for your brand. Use pictures to inspire the crowd and convince them to support your round.
On the campaign creation page in the section called 'Gallery' you can add up to 12 images.
In order to increase your chances for a successful funding round, make sure that the pictures are of a high quality and are in line with your business concept.
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Yesterday was such a beautiful day, four couples decided to spend the day at the beach. They had a great day of fun in the sun. At one point, each couple went off on their own for a while to enjoy their favorite beach activity. Determine each couple's full names (one man's name is Hank), the color of each woman's bathing suit, and each couple's favorite activity.
1. Mark Collins and his wife were not the couple that liked to swim in the ocean. Rachel wasn't wearing a green bathing suit.
2. Mr. Bailey and his wife collected shells, but they didn't have blue bathing suits. Tabitha's husband wasn't Mark.
3. Peter's last name wasn't Delgado and his wife didn't wear a green bathing suit.
4. Sally and Peter were not the couple that liked to climb on the rocks along the shore's edge.
5. The woman in the red bathing suit loved swimming in the ocean. Louis, whose last name wasn't Colby, enjoyed sunbathing with his wife. Tabitha didn't wear the purple bathing suit.
6. Vanessa, whose last name wasn't Collins, went swimming with her husband.
To be clear, here are the names, activities, and colors.
Hank & Vanessa Colby went swimming, wore red.
Mark & Rachel Collins went rock climbing, wore blue.
Peter & Sally Bailey collected shells, wore purple.
Louis & Tabitha Delgado sunbathed, wore green.
I got the same answer as Heather's.
Bwahaha. I got the same answers (and it took me awhile, too) and I absolutely LOVED the fact that Sally collected shells. I should have predicted that from the start. Also a fan of using the name Tabitha in a logic puzzle!
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How do I listen to Texas Rangers baseball games streaming live online for free?
You can start listening to Texas Rangers baseball games on local radio from over 40 radio stations in 5 states (see below for all of the Texas Rangers Radio Network stations). The flagship station for the Rangers in Dallas / Fort Worth is 105.3 FM The Fan (KRLD) and in spanish on KFLC-AM 1270.
Android: To listen to Texas Rangers games on your Android phone, Android tablet and Kindle Fire, you'll want to download the TuneIn Radio app for Android or the MLB At Bat for Android, and make an in-app sign up for At Bat Premium (only a couple dollars/month), which gives you access to every live home and away radio broadcast.
Apple: To listen to Texas Rangers games on your Apple device (iPhone, iPod Touch or iPad), download the TuneIn Radio app or the MLB At Bat iPhone app and MLB At Bat iPad app, and make an in-app sign up for At Bat Premium (small monthly fee), which will give you access to all home and away major league baseball game radio broadcasts.
In order to stream the live audio of Texas Rangers games online you'll need to make an in-app purchase for MLB At Bat Premium (FREE trial), which allows you to listen to every single Regular Season and Postseason game LIVE online (no blackout restrictions). MLB At Bat also gives you access to watch the MLB.TV Free Game of the Day and get In-Game Highlights.
If you want to watch and listen to the Texas Rangers games, as well as other Major League Baseball games (online, mobile device or on your HDTV) you'll want to sign up for MLB.TV (which includes the At Bat Premium app). To do so, first download the MLB At Bat app for Android (MLB At Bat for Android) or Apple (MLB At Bat iPhone app), then make an in-app purchase for MLB.TV. To sign up for MLB.TV in the app, do the following: Open the MLB At Bat app -> then tap on the TV screen icon in the upper left corner -> this will take you to the Subscribe to MLB.TV page.
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(CNN) — The dazzling mosaic-bar of Bar Trigona at the Four Seasons Hotel in Kuala Lumpur, the Italian-chic, cinema-themed Paper Moon Giardino restaurant in Milan, the beach resort chic of the Rosewood Sanya in China.
To celebrate two decades of work, the pair's greatest hits have been compiled into a new book, "AB Concept: A cultural journey through light, form and space," published by Assouline.
Paper Moon Giardino, Milan, Italy is a Milanese restaurant has been serving classic Italian food for 40 years. AB Concept redecorated the space for the 40th anniversary.
Ng tells CNN Travel his work with Ngan began two decades ago, as students in Hong Kong, when they were introduced through a mutual friend.
"We realized we see a lot of things in common," Ng says. "We have common aesthetics."
They were both keen to have their own businesses and decided to partner up.
Since then, their inimitable style has transformed bars and restaurants at Four Seasons, Rosewood, Mandarin Oriental and Shangri-La hotels worldwide.
Rosewood Sanya, Sanya, China, pictured is an opulent resort envisaged as a grand but informal beach house.
They've worked on private residences too, but Ng says that creating hotels is a particularly dynamic experience.
"It's something very culturally specific [...] It will also bring you the opportunity to go to many different countries to work on very unique projects, destinations and to interact with the local team," he says.
Ng says he often finds himself designing a hotel in a location he's never visited before.
"In the end you actually have a hotel, you have a presence there that will last for maybe another few decades. I think that is something quite unique, but also quite a challenge."
Mei Ume in the Four Seasons Hotel London, London, UK is a sushi fusion restaurant and the duo's first project in London.
Restaurants are also stimulating projects for AB Concept. In London, the agency's stylish touch can be seen in the marble pillars and blossom-accented interiors of Mei Ume, in the Four Seasons Hotel at Ten Trinity Square in London.
This sushi fushion spot was AB Concept's first project in the British capital.
Restaurants are collaborative projects, which is why they're particularly appealing to the design duo.
"In most of the cases, I mean almost in all cases, a great chef is a very creative, another creative mind. So you always find some very interesting chemistry with them," says Ng.
Yun House in the Four Seasons Hotel Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia is a stylish restaurant nodding to Malaysia's interpretation of Chinese tea culture.
When creating a design for a restaurant, there are specific considerations at play.
"The culture, the building itself, all the food concepts," Ng adds.
Those references, however, are always filtered through AB Concept's particular point of view.
"People are looking for us to design a space, to take leaps as the spatial designer," says Ng.
"I always explain that we are here not to tell my story, but I am telling the story of that restaurant, telling the story of that hotel, just through my aesthetics."
Next up, AB Concept is heading to Portugal to work on the upcoming W Hotel in the Algarve -- but first, the book will come out in time for the 20th anniversary and Ng has been recalling all the spaces the duo have designed.
"We quite enjoyed this journey," he says. "I know the book is called 'A cultural journey,' but even creating the book itself is kind of an interesting journey for a designer -- to consolidate 20 years of your work."
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WHEN is the right time to hire outside help? It could be during a big, accelerated project, where your team doesn't have the labor needed to meet the fast-approaching deadline. Or maybe, it's a project that's more sophisticated than usual, and you need some extra consulting or training in order to achieve the best results for your client. Perhaps your web designer recently left, and you need someone right away to make up their work until you can find the right employee to hire on full-time. Whatever your situation is, bringing on contractors typically happens when you need some extra help getting things done fast and well, whether it's a temporary solution or over a longer term.
Often, employees of small and medium-sized companies will wear many hats; they'll fulfill a multitude of roles. And, it typically works for everyone involved in those companies, so a lot of their work remains in-house. But, one of the great things about hiring contractors is that they can come in with their professional expertise and provide their support to that generalist employee. They can give professional recommendations, train them on new skills, or simply help them with their extra workload. And, once their work is over, the contractors can leave again until you need their help with another project.
There isn't just one type of contractor, either. Contract terms can often be flexible, and they can fit the business owners' needs for their particular project. There are many different ways that people can be brought onboard.
First off, there are independent contractors, or freelancers, and then there are companies that provide teams of contractors. In contracting a team, it's possible to get the combined industry knowledge, technical skill, and overall labor for a similar price as it would be to contract a freelancer. Companies don't always advertise contract work in their services, but many are open to it. If you're interested in hiring contractors from a company, simply contact the company and ask if they'd be willing to work with you.
In addition, you can decide how often you want your contractors to work during their contracted period, whether it's working daily or periodically throughout the week or month. A lot of times, contractors will agree to be on retainer, meaning they'll be ready to jump in and help you whenever you need them to, which is especially valuable for unexpected projects and emergencies. Finally, you can choose to have your contractors work remotely or have them come in to work onsite with you and your team.
At Trail 9, we've been hired out as contractors multiple times. Here are some of the ways we've worked with our contracting parties.
During one of our contracts, we were hired to help a company finish a project in time for an upcoming conference they were going to. We did the physical work of helping them finish their project, and we also gave them our professional recommendations. Whether they followed those or not was up to them, but, regardless, they were able to make it to their conference on time with their finished project.
For another company, I was contracted to come in and work as a technical expert and developer. I worked alongside their web designer, who focused on the front-end development while I worked on the back-end. In doing so, my work complimented what he did. I also contributed with skills that they didn't have at the time, like programming and integration work. With both of us working together, we temporarily covered both bases needed for their web design and development.
During one contract term, we were hired on retainer for a company, and we acted as a secondary support source for them. They had their typical day-to-day work, and then, if they had work overflow, questions, or a need for more technical skills, we would step in and help them complete their goal, whatever it happened to be. So, the combination worked well for them— having their in-house work as well as bringing in a contractor to help out regularly.
Another business we were on retainer with would often have flash sales online or make big announcements on their eCommerce website. During these times, when they pushed the limits of what they could do themselves, we would come in and make sure that they could achieve their goals, whether with their eCommerce website or with their online marketing and sales. Over time, we helped them retune certain things to keep their website's performance up during those intense events.
The best way to find out what you can get from a potential contractor is to ask them. If they're experienced in contract work, then they'll likely be willing to work with you based on your individual needs. Contracting teams can be pricier than hiring a freelancer, but not always. And, with a team, you get combined strengths in every project aspect: research, skills, labor, communication— you name it. So, the next time your business needs extra help, think about hiring a contractor or a team. You could tap into a whole new world of affordable productivity!
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Reveal the mystery behind a doctor's disappearance.
"Hypnosis is a great game. It makes you think you are actually inside the game while solving a crime. I like detective games, especially those with a role playing element."
As hypnotist Maya Anderson, it's up to you to reveal the mysterious circumstances behind a doctor's disappearance from a psychiatric clinic. The police have requested your help in the investigation. The patients are behaving oddly when you arrive at the scene. As an experienced hypnotist, you must sedate them and travel into their psyches to help them neutralize phobias and obsessions.
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The paper aims to examine the effect of knowledge management processes and international entrepreneurship orientations on organization performance. A questionnaire that targeted 220 respondents resulted in 203 useable ones with a response rate of 92.26 percent. To test the research hypothesis, a multiple regression analysis was conducted, in addition to descriptive statistics that provides a background about the respondents. Analysis highlighted that both knowledge management process and international entrepreneurship orientations have positive effect on organization performance in banks. It is the primary investigation that studied the effect of knowledge management process and entrepreneurial orientations on organization performance.
Organization Performance, International Entrepreneurship, International Entrepreneurship Orientation, Knowledge Management, Knowledge Management Processes.
In a present hypercompetitive environment where the world is becoming the Global village knowledge management processes and international entrepreneurship orientations have become the most engaging concept in management. Both are predominantly the common strategies for better organization performance (Al-Swidi & Mahmood, 2012; Jabeen et al., 2015). Knowledge is described as part of organization assets that leads organization towards better performance (Andreeva and Kianto, 2012; Obeidat et al., 2012). Effective organizations are required to have the capability to gain, store and share information for the achievement of competitive advantage. As different studies has proposed that organizations applying knowledge management are capable of bringing out superior performance. According to Gupta & Shaw (2007), for every type of organization, entrepreneurial orientations can act as a catalyst in moving them towards success.
In other words, for effective performance, organizations need people having the ability to bring innovation, ability to take risk, proactiveness and knowledge management capabilities (Hanif and Gul, 2016). The consultancy function of bank includes the creation and utilization of knowledge to meet the customer needs. Therefore, banks are considered appropriate in finding the effect of knowledge management processes and international entrepreneurship orientations on organization performance.
Effects of knowledge management process and innovation on firm performance have been discussed independently by some researchers. Still, there are numerous other reasons that make present study essential and unique. First, in its author were examining the impact of three entrepreneurial orientations, than just considering innovations impact on firm performance (Hanif and Shao, 2018). Secondly, it is useful as we have considered service sector to explore our studies relationship, because the significance of service sector is increasing gradually. Thirdly, most of the previous research studies have focused on consultancy sector; but we have conducted research in banking sector.
short, the present study has examined the impact of international entrepreneurship orientations and knowledge management process on firm performance in banking sector. Banks are considered knowledge abundant institutions that depend upon a lot of knowledge (Hanif and Irshad, 2018). Conversely, banks are able to make better decisions for their customers by utilizing more precise information.
Moreover, following research questions are addressed in the study.
Q1: Do knowledge management processes (knowledge acquisition, sharing and utilization) effect firm performance?
Q2: Do entrepreneurial orientations (innovativeness, proactiveness and risk taking behavior) effect firm performance?
The paper is structured like so: It starts with literature regarding knowledge management process and entrepreneurial orientation; and the link these two variables with firm performance. Followed by, methodology which includes study model, hypothesis, participants, data collection & analysis procedure. After that, tests of the proposed hypothesis in the data analysis section have been given. Finally, discussion, conclusion and areas related to future research are also addressed in the end.
Knowledge management is defined as a practice of producing, obtaining, distributing and utilizing knowledge for boosting organizational performance. According to Hanif et al. (2016), knowledge management includes three fundamental procedures that are knowledge acquisition, sharing and application. Organizations must make assure that they obtain, transfer and exploit knowledge in their operations; to make performance better (Ling et al., 2009).
Knowledge acquisition has become the vital topic for any organization in the world. It is the first step in knowledge management process. Knowledge is becoming a crucial resource for the enhancement of firm performance (Du Plessis, 2007). Knowledge can be acquired from within and outside of the organization (Easterby-Smith et al., 2011). In order to survive in competitive environment organizations are depending more on knowledge acquisition. Effective knowledge acquisition process helps to deliver unique products in order to create value for customers and also helps in gaining and sustaining competitive advantage (Schulze & Hoegl, 2006, Hanif and Gul, 2016). Those organizations that take part in implementation of knowledge acquisition process can perform financially, operationally and socially better than others; not implementing it.
Knowledge sharing is the way to increase the value of knowledge through disseminating. It can be characterized as the procedure that support dissemination of information and helps to make the work environment knowledge intensive. In knowledge intensive environment, knowledgeable employees get the fundamental learning from various sources in a way that prompts upgrade execution and helps in completing workers task effectively. It is crucial for banks to possess suitable knowledge management control system; that supports bankers to share their knowledge in a manner which will not only minimize surplus knowledge but also minimize worker turnover. Banks are able to generate large amount of knowledge by encouraging employees to share knowledge within the workplace and by increasing workers ability to develop new ideas and opportunities (Hanif et al., 2018). Also knowledge sharing helps employees to generate more ideas by being influenced from others ideas. This process results in generation of more feasible and workable ideas.
Knowledge application is concerned with utilizing knowledge in business functions to carry out action which results in unique product and services; also results in creation of value for client. Hanif et al. (2018) found that knowledge application is the sum of societal, technical and operational perspective because each one has vital role in knowledge application. But, it ignores technological perspective; contrary to that, technology is taken as a strategic weapon and it provides essential help in operational and strategic business processes.
Entrepreneurial Orientations are defined as multidimensional construct that extends beyond local boundaries and is proposed to generate value for organizations. But this definition give rise to confusion about exactly what is international entrepreneurship (Hanif and Irshad, 2018). Finally the thought prevailed that sum of three dimensions innovativeness, risk-seeking and proactiveness helps to generate an international entrepreneurial orientation; which is the essential part of the concept of international entrepreneurship (Coviello and Jones, 2004). In opposition to that, Hanif and Gul (2016) stated entrepreneurial orientations as a combination of procedures, approaches, styles, strategies and choice makings which keep up entrepreneurial opportunities.
Innovativeness is described as entrepreneurial orientation, which expresses organization ability to encourage new ideas and support innovative activities in the process of providing new products and services. In entrepreneurial individuals, innovativeness is a personality trait that distinguishes innovative people from others because of high degree of openness toward new ideas (Anderson, 2000). Hanif and Shao (2018), and Lumpkin and Dess (1996) were the first people who have focused on concept of innovation. Innovation is merely the dimension which is applicable in all type of organizations Covin & Miles (1999). Even without the existence of any other entrepreneurial orientation, the presence of innovation is unquestionably needed to demonstrate organization like an entrepreneurial organization.
Risk taking is the valuable component of entrepreneurial orientations. According to literature entrepreneurs have greater risk taking propensity in comparison to other individuals in similar society. Covin & Miles (1999) showed that risk involves the chances of loss at a specific time; contrary to that Kropp (2008) defined risk taking as being intentional to do vague practices. For example; investing large amount of investment in one market, borrowing at high interest rate and creating low net spread rate etc. The firm ability to expect higher return depends upon its ability to take risk which is stated by approved principle of finance that is “the higher the risk; the higher the return”.
Proactiveness is the ability to predict future needs and demands and developing products and services in order to fulfill future needs and demands (Lumpkin and Dess, 1996). In other words, it can be described as exploiting opportunities and introducing new product in the market before competitors (Covin & Miles, 1999). It can be defined as two sides of the coin, at one side proactiveness provide opportunities; on the other side it can exploit those opportunities for meeting customer needs.
Performance is defined as the extent of accomplishment of tasks associated to work. Lumpkin and Dess (1996) displayed that organizations can achieve higher performance, when workers become successful in accomplishing their objectives related to job. Because employee job objectives basically determine firm performance (Hanif and Gul, 2016). Likewise, Kropp (2004) has given perspective that numerous researchers used the term performance to assess put in and output competence. Organizational Performance is basically the ability of the organization to achieve its targets by proficiently utilizing its resources. Various Scholars have recommended various performance evaluation tools. According to Hanif and Irshad (2018), Balance Scorecard is the best instrument to measure the performance of the organization and to enhance the strategies or methodologies of the business. Performance measurement systems must be utilized to remain aware of the performance; and to control the dubious occasions by enhancing its corporate procedures.
The basics of present research are documented on the basis of previous available literature. In fact, this research utilized variables that are recognizable in the knowledge management and entrepreneurial orientation journalism. Figure 1 presents a conceptual model of study that highlights the cause variables: knowledge processes; entrepreneurial orientations, and effect variable firm performance and also the anticipated relationship between both independent and dependent variable.
The present study includes two cause variables (KM processes and entrepreneurial orientation) and one effect variable (firm performance). Additional, knowledge management processes contain knowledge acquisition/creation, knowledge transfer/sharing and knowledge utilization/application, while entrepreneurial orientations contain innovativeness, risk taking and proactiveness. Knowledge acquisition is known as a practice with which the organization increases its knowledge asset (Figure 1).
This can be accomplished by placing new individuals, developing research and development department which are committed to acquiring up-to-the-minute knowledge and hiring human resource having intentions to learn latest skills. Hence, knowledge acquisition is evaluated with six questions that were adapted from Bader et al. (2016).
Knowledge sharing includes exchanging information both inside and outside of the firm. It has been evaluated through five questions in present research that were taken from (Bader et al., 2016). Knowledge application can be referred to as adopting dominant practice than competitors, discovering related knowledge and using it. Knowledge utilization is evaluated by five questions adopted from Bader et al. (2016).
Innovativeness is described as a process of converting an idea into physical product or services that create value for customer and for which the customer is willing to pay. Innovativeness is evaluated by three questions adopted from Hean et al. (2007). Proactiveness involves sensing market opportunities and developing product or service in advance for meeting future needs. Proactiveness is studied by two questions adopted from Hean et al. (2007) and Hanif and Shao (2018). Risk taking includes doing business or activity which involves the chance of loss. It involves making decision to do something which involves the chances of both loss as well as opportunity. Risk taking is studied by three questions adopted from Hean et al. (2007).
Firm performance refers to organization ability to fulfill task according to desired goals. It refers to the degree to which firm can accomplish its desired outcomes. It is measured by using four questions adapted from Hean et al. (2007).
H1a: Knowledge acquisition has positive effect on firm performance.
H1b: Knowledge sharing has positive effect on firm performance.
H1c: Knowledge utilization has positive effect on firm performance.
H2a: Innovativeness has positive effect on firm performance.
H2b: Proactiveness has positive effect on firm performance.
H2c: Risk taking has positive effect on firm performance.
The respondents of the study include the Bank employees and the sample was 202 employees because KM and entrepreneurial orientations plays a key function in banks in order to achieve and maintain their competitive advantage for superior firm performance. In banks, knowledge management processes and experience is the central part for banker’s work; while the entrepreneurial orientations in banks focus on amalgamation of innovative services which leads toward novel collaboration with customers. The sustained success of banks depends upon the knowledge of its bankers, which is utilized to provide solutions to its rising customers’ needs.
For investigating relationship of two predictor variables i.e. knowledge management process and entrepreneurial orientations, one criterion variable i.e. firm performance; five-points Likert scale is used which varies among strongly agree=1 to strongly disagree=5. Validity and reliability analysis are held; with the aim to explain uniqueness of sample descriptive analysis was used. Furthermore, for testing of research hypothesis multiple regression analysis was used.
Validity analysis is described as the extent to which a set of measures precisely defines the concept. Whereas, reliability analysis measures the degree of uniformity among various dimensions of a variable it is calculated by cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Researchers have suggested that the value of cronbach’s alpha for all variables must be above 0.60. Table 1 shows the outcome of Cranach’s alpha of both variables IV and DV.
The results of cronbach’s alpha coefficient of all variables are above 0.60 except proactiveness, it means that the all measures except proactiveness are reliable. The questionnaire items were reviewed by instructor of Institute of Banking and Finance BZU Multan. So as to check the validity of instrument researcher has adopted previous scale used by other researcher too (Table 1).
To portray reactions and accordingly behavior of respondents to every question, mean and standard deviation was evaluated. As accessible in Table 3, results of data analysis have demonstrated that KM processes and entrepreneurial orientations are implemented to a huge degree in the banks. Table 4 highlights mean scores for the items of KM processes, entrepreneurial orientations and firm performance.
research is conducted to find the effect of knowledge management processes and international entrepreneurship orientations on firm performance. Multiple regression technique was utilized for testing the current study hypothesis.
Hypothesis 1: Table 5 shows that both Knowledge acquisition and Firm Performance (FP) are positively correlated in banking sector (R=0.816), that means both predictor and criterion variable changes in similar way. Similarly, knowledge Sharing is positively related to FP (R=0.745). Also knowledge application is positively correlated with FP (R=0.747). Value for R2 shows a percentage of change in firm performance variable due to 3 processes of knowledge management. The highest variability of firm performance has been explained by the knowledge acquisition from knowledge management process. Also knowledge acquisition has highest F value 0.665 which is significant and thus the hypothesis 1-3 is accepted. B was 0.886, 0.792 and 0.820; correspondingly, representing that knowledge acquisition is strongest predictor for firm performance in Multan banks, as compared to other processes of knowledge management.
Hypothesis 2: Table 6 shows that international entrepreneurship orientations and Firm Performance (FP) are positively correlated in banking sector. As, Innovativeness is positively linked with FP (R=0.646) similarly, proactiveness is positively linked with firm performance (R=0.597). Also, risk taking is positively associated with FP (R=0.635); the value for R2 shows percentage of change in firm performance variable due to 3 orientations of international entrepreneurship. The highest variability of firm performance has been explained by the Innovativeness from international entrepreneurship orientation. Also Innovativeness has highest F value 0.665 which is significant and thus the hypothesis 4-6 is accepted. B was 0.623, 0.534 and 0.629; correspondingly, representing that risk taking is powerful indicator for firm performance in Multan banks, followed by innovativeness and proactiveness.
The purpose of present study was to explore the effect of both KM processes and IE orientations on Firm performance in Multan banks. First of all, KM processes are discussed; results indicate that each KM process has positive effect on firm performance.
Results demonstrated that placing capable employees inside the bank is a superior source of obtaining knowledge and innovative ideas that can improves bank performance. The experience of employees within the banking procedure, kinds of services provided and method to perform activities can contribute to efficient bank performance instead of acquiring employees who are new to banking environment and operations. Contrary to that, placing fresh employees for obtaining innovative knowledge is unquestionably fruitful and may carry better ways for thinking that enable banks to perform its activities more efficiently.
However, by adopting knowledge sharing and proactiveness practices banks can shield themselves against threat related to turnover of qualified employees; also against threat of competitors. Besides, the core restriction during knowledge sharing is fear of decentralizing power/control. While, the banker’s strength lies upon available knowledge, therefore; bankers are not willing to transfer a bulk of knowledge.
Knowledge utilization can be defined as utilizing the present knowledge. According to respondents they can try their best to implement the current knowledge for humanizing their banking services. Though, if rewards are given for recommending some innovative idea which is associated to applying the accessible knowledge, then it did not results in favorable mean for the reason that banks are mainly concerned with bringing applicable financing and deposit solutions to customer wants. Some respondents suggested that if banker brings solution according to needs of customers then he is rewarded otherwise not. So, it is the most important function of banks.
The current study showed that higher risk taking ability can bring higher performance because banks are mainly involved in accepting deposit and utilizing deposit to generate profit. Banks utilize deposit by investing in profitable investment opportunities. Investing in places that provide higher return also involve higher risk based on basic financing principles “higher the risk; higher the return”. So if banks have higher risk taking ability they can generate better returns. That can in turn enhance firm performance.
Researcher has faced certain limitations during present study. The foremost limitation is subjected to time. Additionally, the use of e-mail and physical collection of questionnaire was used to aid in bringing responses, as most of the banks prefer drop and collect method. But it is also not so effective because during collection employees apologies of having lost questionnaires. Another limitation is that they can give responses without reading questionnaire that can destroy results. Even some banks refuse to take questionnaire before reading it. Other firms allow distributing specific number of questionnaire to definite employees. In order to conquer these difficulties researcher has chosen a sample to symbolize the total population, for increasing respondent trust also to make certain confidentiality.
Al-Swidi, A.K., & Mahmood, R. (2012). Total quality management, entrepreneurial orientation and organizational performance: The role of organizational culture. African Journal of Business Management, 6, 4717-4727.
Anderson. D.R. (2000). Advaiced features of program MARX. Proceedings of the Second International Wildlife Management Congress. The Wildlife Society, Bethesda, Maryland.
Andreeva, T., & Kianto, A. (2012). Does knowledge management really matter? Linking KM practices, competitiveness and economic performance. Journal of Knowledge Management, 16(4), 617-636.
Bader, Y.O., Haneen, B., Ala’aldin. A., Ali, T., & Ibrahim, M. (2016). The effect of human resource management practices on organizational commitment in chain pharmacies in Jordan. International Journal of Business and Management, 12(1), 50.
Coviello, N.E., & Jones, M.V. (2004). Methodological issues in international entrepreneurship research. Journal of Business Venturing, 19(4), 485-508.
Covin, J.G., & Miles, M.P. (1999). Corporate entrepreneurship and the pursuit of competitive advantage. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 23(3), 47-63.
Du Plessis. (2004). The role of knowledge management in e-Business and customer relationship management: South African case study findings. International Journal of Information Management, 24(1), 73-86.
Easterby-Smith, M., Lyles, M.A., & Tsang, E.W.K. (2008). Inter-organizational knowledge transfer: Current themes and future prospects.
Gupta, N., & Shaw, J.D. (2014). Employee compensation: The neglected area of HRM research. Human Resource Management Review, 24(1), 1-4.
Hanif, M.I., & Gul. A. (2016). The links between management capabilities, innovation and firm performance: Evidence from pharmaceutical sector of Pakistan. South Asian Journal of Banking and Social Sciences, 2(1), 2410-2067.
Hanif, M.I., Hanif, M.S., Kamran, A., & Shao, Y. (2016). Knowledge sharing and innovation performance affected by hr generic strategies: An empirical study of SMEs in China and Pakistan. IBT Journal of Business Studies, 12(12), 101-123.
Hanif, M.I., & Irshad, M. (2018). Impact of entrepreneurial orientation and network resource utilization on internationalization of SME’s in Pakistan. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 10(2), 118-131.
Hanif, M.I., & Shao, Y (2018). Collaborative innovation of strategic emerging industries: A case study of the new generation of information technology enterprises in China. IBT Journal of Business Studies, 13(2), 101- 123.
Hean, S., Craddock, D., & O’Halloran, C. (2007) Learning Theories and interprofessional education: A user’s guide. Learning in Health and Social Care, 8(4), 250-262.
Jabeen, R., Shehu, A.M., Mahmmod, R., & Bambale, A.J. (2015). TQM dimensions and SME performance: A quantitative approach. International Postgraduate Business Journal, 7(1), 21-35.
Kropp, P.R. (2004). Some questions regarding spousal assault risk assessment. Violence Against Women, 10, 676.
Ling, F.Y.Y., Low, S.P., Wang, S.Q., & Lim, H.H. (2009). Key project management practices affecting Singaporean firms’ project performance in China. International Journal of Project Management, 27, 59-71.
Lumpkin, G.T., & Dess, G.G. (1996). Enriching the entrepreneurial orientation construct: A reply to Entrepreneurial orientation or pioneer advantage. Academy of Management Review, 21(3), 605-607.
Obeidat, B., Shannak, R., Masa’deh, R., & Al-Jarrah, I. (2012).Toward better understanding for Arabian culture: Implications based on Hofstede’s cultural model. European Journal of Social Sciences, 28(4), 512–522.
Schulze, A., & Hoegl, M. (2006), Knowledge creation in new product development projects’ transfer: Current issues and future prospects. Journal of Management Studies, 45(4), 661-674.
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Do grandparents have any rights of custody or visitation with their grandchildren in Georgia?
Yes, grandparents and third parties (aunts, uncles, other relatives and sometimes even non-relatives) do have rights in Georgia to seek custody or visitation with their grand children (or with the children of others for a "third party"), but there is a very strong preference for natural parents to have custody of their own children.
My grandson has lived with me for the past three years. His parents (my son and his wife) have had little or no contact with him during that time, but now, they want my grandson to live with them. Is there anything that I can do to ensure that my grandson will continue to live with me?
In a custody proceeding between the parents and a grandparent, the court will determine custody based on the best interest of the child standard. This standard requires the grandparent to show that (1) parental custody would harm the child; and (2) granting custody to the grandparent will promote the child's health, welfare and happiness. A grandparent has a more difficult legal standard to meet than does a parent when seeking custody of a child.
My grandchildren have lived with me for the past three years. Their parents (my son and his wife) have had little or no contact with the children during that time, and now, they want the children to live with them. What can I do to ensure that I will be able to spend time with my grandchildren once they are living with their parents?
Georgia law allows grandparents to seek visitation rights with their grandchildren in any case involving custody of the grandchildren, including a divorce between a child's parents. In such cases, the court may grant visitation rights to the grandparent if the court finds by clear and convincing evidence that (1) the health and/or welfare of the children would be harmed unless the visitation was granted and (2) granting the visitation would be in the best interest of the children.
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Victim have done a video for their 7" on Spit Records. It's two unreleased track from this Northern Irish punk band who were on Good Vibrations and is limited to just 300 hand-numbered copies.
Bono once wrote a letter to Captain Beefheart asking if he would be interested in writing/recording together. The reply was hand written, and it said this: Dear Bongo, No.
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James Faucitt Cathcart (1828-1902), actor, was born in England, son of James Cathcart, theatrical manager, and Fannie, née Hubbard. He was the elder brother of Mary Fanny Cathcart and Rowley (b.1832), actor. Cathcart made his stage début in infancy and while still young was discovered at Liverpool by Charles Kean who later engaged him as juvenile lead actor in Queen Victoria's Christmas 'Windsor Theatricals'. His acting under Kean in 1850-59 at the Princess's Theatre, London, taught him a dependence on leading actor-managers which he was never to shake. Even Cathcart admitted that he had planned to make a permanent career for himself as supporting actor to Kean. When Kean's management of the Princess's expired in 1859, Cathcart followed him to the provinces and in 1863 begged to be engaged in the Kean party which was to tour Australia, where his sister was living. At this time Cathcart seems to have been married, although his wife did not accompany him to the colonies.
Cathcart arrived at Melbourne with the Keans in September 1863 and departed with them from Sydney in July 1864. Their Australian début on 10 October 1863 was at the Haymarket Theatre, Melbourne, playing in opposition to the Barry Sullivan management at the Theatre Royal. In the colonies Cathcart's duty was to understudy his manager and to attend all rehearsals for him; in this way he became a proficient and sometimes humorous imitator of Kean's style. When the tragedian collapsed at Sydney in January 1864 Cathcart played King John in his place, to approving audiences.
Although, like his sister, Cathcart was invariably received with excitement and applause, the critics of Melbourne and Sydney joined in condemning him for his exaggerated gestures and over-careful pronunciation. The Melbourne Punch, 28 April 1864, referred to him as 'the posture-making Mr. Cathcart' and Kean wrote from Sydney that Cathcart was 'not at all liked here by the Box people'. Yet he was popular enough for Kean to complain later that 'Mr. Cathcart … has become inflated with the praises he has received in Australia'. During this tour of the colonies and his later visit with the Keans to America Cathcart suffered continual bouts of illness from drinking, and annoyed his employers with practical jokes, bad debts and abuse. He remained with them, however, until Kean's retirement in 1867.
Cathcart joined Sullivan as his leading support in 1873, and made himself indispensable to the tragedian in Shakespeare because of his expertise and realism in stage swordsmanship. With Sullivan he toured America in 1875 and 1876, but again Cathcart's drinking often prevented him from performing. Back at Drury Lane Theatre, London, in September 1876 he played under Sullivan in Richard III and Macbeth.
In May 1879 Cathcart returned to Melbourne on the insistence of his sister. At the Melbourne Theatre Royal he played leading roles, including Richard III and Othello. The Argus now welcomed him as a 'masterly delineator of Shakespeare', praising the finish of his performances, though observing that his voice had not gained much in power. Always versatile, Cathcart continued to perform throughout Australia for over twenty years. He acted under leading managers such as J. C. Williamson, George Musgrove and Charles Holloway, and as a member of the Brough and Boucicault Comedy Co. developed into a fine comic actor. In October 1894, when George Rignold revived Julius Caesar at Her Majesty's Theatre, Sydney, with himself starring as Mark Antony, Cathcart played Brutus and was considered the outstanding performer. From this time on he sustained a reputation as 'the best Shakespearian scholar on the Australian stage'. In November 1899 Robert Brough organized an afternoon benefit for him at the Princess's Theatre, Melbourne. There Cathcart described himself as 'one of a bygone age' and admitted that his old-fashioned acting style made it difficult for him to find employment. He died at St Kilda on 18 December 1902, aged 74.
James Cathcart was a well-liked actor, and remarkably polished in secondary roles, but he was never able to thrill audiences as a major tragedian. Clearly he was too weak ever to free himself from star-managerial control, and in the colonies was always considered inferior to his sister. He settled in Australia just in time to acquire a reputation as one of the last outstanding Shakespearian actors.
correspondence under Charles John Kean (National Library of New Zealand).
Helen M. Van Der Poorten, 'Cathcart, James Faucitt (1828–1902)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/cathcart-james-faucitt-3179/text4765, published first in hardcopy 1969, accessed online 21 April 2019.
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0.997327 |
What is a physical therapist? Is this the right career choice for me?
A physical therapist, also referred to as PT, is a health care professional that rehabilitates people with physical disabilities or injuries. Their patients have difficulty with movement, pain, and functioning in their daily lives. Physical therapists work with them to restore the ability to move, to reduce pain and discomfort, and in some instances to prevent disability and loss of mobility. Most work in hospitals or in other health care offices, but they can also work in nursing homes, outpatient clinics, or in private practices. They work with patients of all ages. Their patients could be recovering from sprains, strains, head or neck injuries, or conditions like arthritis, multiple sclerosis, spinal bifida, or cerebral palsy, just to name some examples. They could also be recovering from strokes, surgery, or amputations.
The physical therapist evaluates their patients’ movement dysfunction, and devises a treatment plan to help them. Their work primarily makes use of therapeutic training and exercise, and sometimes uses special equipment. They work with a team of PTs or physical therapist assistants, and often worth with other professionals, like nurses, social workers, occupational therapists, physicians, or other specialists that the particular patient may need. This type of job does require physical stamina, as they are physically helping their patients perform the exercises, and may move heavy equipment as well. They are often on their feet all day.
The average salary for PTs in 2008 was $72,790. Like many health care professions, physical therapist jobs are expected to grow at a rapid pace. The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects a 30% growth rate from 2008 to 2018. Many factors will contribute to the demand, including advances in technology, the aging of the large baby boomer population, as well as increased coverage by insurance companies.
Education for a physical therapist is important. In fact, even once you have earned your degrees from an accredited institution, continuing education and keeping current with field developments and advances in technology is expected of physical therapists. Physical therapists in today’s job market will likely need a master’s degree. As an undergraduate, you will to complete a course load heavy in science, including anatomy, chemistry, physics, biology, as well as statistics and mathematics. Completing these courses will be necessary in order to be accepted to a master’s program. As a graduate student in physical therapy, you will study more anatomy and biology, neuroscience, biomechanics, exercise physiology, pharmacology, as well as behavioral science courses. Clinic-based classes will also be integral, including medical screening, therapeutic interventions, and diagnostic process. Most masters programs will be two years in length, and doctoral programs in physical therapy are usually three years.
Be sure that the undergraduate or graduate educational program you choose is accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Physical Therapy Education (CAPTE). This commission is affiliated with the American Physical Therapy Association. They accredit both entry-level academic programs as well as some graduate programs. Once you graduate from an accredited program, you will also have to pass the National Physical Therapy Examination and become licensed in your state. State requirements will vary for licensure. Most require a degree and passing the exam, and some will also require continuing education in order to keep your license. This job can be demanding both physically and mentally, and requires a lot of education in order to be qualified. However, it is one that will enjoy growth and security, and could be emotionally rewarding. It is perfect for those seeking a rewarding health care job that requires advanced education, stamina, and working with motivated people.
To learn more about becoming an physical therapist, you can contact schools that offer PT programs. If you are still trying to determine the right career choice, take some time to explore additional careers in health care.
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0.997116 |
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0.999777 |
I would *LOVE* to find more information on the Gamble family. I know so very little about them, yet feel a huge connection to them. One of my reasons for continuing on with my genealogy is because I have always felt like I need to trace this family back to Ireland, like there is someone am meant to meet in Ireland. I don't feel this way with any of my other lines, and I can't explain why I feel this way about the Gamble line. However, tracing them back to Ireland has not been an easy feat, so I am hoping someone out there may be able to help me out.
My 2nd great grandfather, James Gamble, immigrated to America in about 1883 (according to the 1920 US Census-I have not found an immigration record to prove this claim). He was born 3 May 1862 in Antrim, Ireland to James Gamble and Ellen. He married Rose McKillop (who also immigrated from Ireland) on 2 Dec 1885 in Danville, Vermont. Rose was the daughter of James McKillop and Margaret Leslie. James spent most of his life in Cabot, Vermont and died of congestive heart failure on 28 Jun 1940 in St Johnsbury. He is buried in Danville, Vermont.
A distant cousin, and fellow researcher, sent me information suggesting that James' brother, Edward Gamble, was in America from 1888 to 1909 before moving to New Brunswick. Records indicate that Edward was born on board ship during the family's trip to America. He was born on 11 Jun 1876. At some point before or at the beginning of 1909, Edward went to Moncton, Westmorland, New Brunswick, Canada where he worked as a machinist and married Margaret "Maggie" Price on 4 February 1909. He died of Diabetes in Moncton on 18 May 1923 and is buried in Elmwood Cemetery in Moncton.
If it is true that Edward was born on board ship in 1876, and the family wasn't in America until the 1880s, could they have gone to Canada before entering America? And this would also mean that James's and Edward's parents also came to Canada/America, so where are their records to show where they lived and died once here?
Rosetta May Gamble: b. 12 Dec 1892 in Danville. (Note: I located a grave in Danville Cemetery for Rose and May, Children of James and Rose Gamble, with no dates. Could the single birth certificate for Rosetta May have been an error and should have been two certificates for twins who died at/shortly after birth?).
Edward John Gamble was born on 28 Apr 1889 in Cabot, Vermont to James Gamble and Rose McKillop. He married Gertrude Bailaw (Beland/Balaw/Bailey) (Daughter of Edward Balaw and Elizabeth Aiken) on 29 Jul 1912 in Cabot. He died on 2 Dec 1955 in Walden, Vermont and is buried in Cabot Village Cemetery.
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0.968773 |
The 1995 Pacific hurricane season was the least active Pacific hurricane season since 1979. Of the eleven tropical cyclones that formed during the season, four affected land, with the most notable storm of the season being Hurricane Ismael, which killed at least 116 people in Mexico. The strongest hurricane in the season was Hurricane Juliette, which reached peak winds of 150 mph (240 km/h), but did not significantly affect land. Hurricane Adolph was an early-season Category 4 hurricane. Hurricane Henriette brushed the Baja California peninsula in October.
The season officially started on May 15, 1995, in the Eastern Pacific, and on June 1, 1995, in the Central Pacific, and lasted until November 30, 1995. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones forms in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. The season saw eleven tropical cyclones form, of which ten became tropical storms. Seven storms attained hurricane status, of which three acquired major hurricane status. There were fewer tropical storms than the average of 16, while the number of hurricanes and major hurricanes were slightly below average.
Eleven Tropical Cyclones, including one Tropical Depression that failed to attain tropical storm status, developed in the Eastern Pacific Ocean in 1995.
A westward-moving tropical wave entered the Pacific Ocean in mid-May. Convection within the disturbance became more concentrated and organized on May 19 while the wave was located a short distance south of the Gulf of Tehuantepec. The deep convection concentrated around a low-level circulation with expanding outflow, and the system developed into Tropical Depression One-E on May 21, while located about 400 mi (645 km) south of Manzanillo, Mexico. Initially the depression was forecast to strengthen to reach winds of 55 mph (90 km/h) as it moved westward under the influence of a high-pressure system to its north. Outflow increased as the storm moved through an area of warm waters and a favorable upper-level environment, and two satellite classifications indicated the system was at tropical storm status around nine hours after forming. Despite the favorable environment and satellite classifications of tropical storm status, the depression failed to organize further. The convection and organization continued to decrease, and on May 23 the depression dissipated.
While it was developing, locally moderate to heavy rainfall fell across southern Mexico along the disturbance's northern periphery, with rainfall totals peaking at 5.18 inches (132 mm) at Vallecitos/Petatlan.
An area of disturbed weather associated with a tropical wave organized off the southwest coast of Mexico during the middle of June. Banding features developed as a circulation persisted on the northeast side of its deep convection, and the system developed into Tropical Depression Two-E on June 15. Under weak steering currents, the depression moved slowly northward, and with deep convection organizing near its center, the depression intensified to Tropical Storm Adolph on June 16. Located in an area of warm waters, Adolph exhibited a well-defined outflow pattern, and rapidly strengthened to attain hurricane status on June 17 as a banding-type eye developed. Hurricane Adolph turned to the northwest and attained major hurricane status late that same day. The small eye of the hurricane continued to organize, as very deep convection surrounded the eyewall, and Adolph reached its peak intensity of 135 mph (215 km/h) on June 18, making it a Category 4 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson scale. Shortly thereafter, the storm weakened, as the upper-level environment became more hostile, and the system moved over progressively cooler waters. On June 19, Adolph turned to the west, and degenerated back into a tropical storm later that day. On June 20, the storm weakened to a tropical depression, and on June 21, Adolph began to dissipate as its center became devoid of deep convection.
As Adolph moved north towards Mexico while about 290 mi (465 km) off the coast, the Mexican government issued a tropical storm warning and a hurricane watch from Punta Tejupan to Cabo Corrientes. When the storm turned to the northwest and later to the west, the government discontinued the warnings as it was determined the storm would not be a threat to land. No damage or casualties were reported.
A few days later, on June 24, another weak tropical wave moved off the coast of Africa. It moved steadily westward through the Atlantic Ocean without any development, and entered the eastern Pacific Ocean on July 5. At this point, convection developed along the wave axis, and the system gradually organized. A circulation developed as it passed through an area of warm waters, and the system developed into Tropical Depression Three-E on July 7, while located about 600 miles (965 km) south of Manzanillo, Colima. Although the outer rainbands warmed slightly in the hours after the formation, the convection near the center deepened further with favorable upper-level outflow, and the depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Barbara early on July 8. Barbara steadily intensified, and following the development of a ragged eye that night, Barbara strengthened into a hurricane on July 9, while located about 700 miles (1130 km) south of the southern tip of Baja California.
After moving into an area of light vertical shear and warm water temperatures, Barbara quickly intensified to reach major hurricane status on July 10. The eye continued to become better organized, and Barbara attained winds of 135 mph (215 km/h) later on July 10. After maintaining its intensity for 24 hours, increased wind shear from an upper-tropospheric trough degraded the appearance of the deepest convection, and the eye became obscured from satellite images. After weakening to a 115 mph (185 km/h) hurricane, Barbara maintained its intensity for 30 hours before moving into an area with very warm waters and a favorable upper-level environment. On July 13, the hurricane re-organized, a distinct eye again developed, and Barbara strengthened to reach its peak intensity of 140 mph (225 km/h) later that day. Barbara continued westward under the influence of a subtropical ridge to its north, and began to steadily weaken on July 14 as it moved into an area of cooler water temperatures. The hurricane degraded to a tropical storm on July 16, and a day later it deteriorated to a tropical depression. As a depression with little to no convection near its center, Barbara continued west-northwestward until dissipating on July 18 while located 720 mi (1160 km) east-southeast of Hilo, Hawaii. Barbara remained away from land for its entire lifetime, and it did not cause any damage or deaths.
As Barbara moved away from land, another area of disturbed weather moved off the coast of Central America on July 11. Moving westward, this area slowly organized, and developed a low-level circulation on July 15. The convection developed into curved rainbands, and based on Dvorak classifications of 35 mph (55 km/h), the National Hurricane Center estimated that the system developed into Tropical Depression Four-E on July 17, while located about 400 mi (645 km) south-southeast of the southern tip of Baja California. As the depression was situated in an area with warm waters and moderate upper-level outflow, the system was forecast to slowly intensify to a 50 mph (80 km/h) tropical storm. Initially, the depression followed the forecasts, and it intensified into a tropical storm about 30 hours after developing, receiving the name "Cosme". Cosme was expected to strengthen only slightly due to predicted cooler waters and increased shear.
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0.999918 |
Context.The X-ray burster 4U 1850-087, located in the Galactic globular cluster NGC 6712, is an ultracompact binary (orbital period ~21 min), likely harbouring a degenerate companion.
Aims.The source has been observed at soft γ-rays several times with the INTEGRAL satellite, during the monitoring of the Galactic plane, with an unprecedented exposure time. We analysed all available INTEGRAL observations, with the main aim of studying the long-term behaviour of this Galactic bulge X-ray burster.
Methods.The spectral results are based on the systematic analysis of all INTEGRAL observations covering the source position performed between March 2003 and November 2005.
Results.The source X-ray emission is hard and is observed, for the first time, up to 100 keV. A broad-band spectrum obtained combining the INTEGRAL spectrum together with a quasi-simultaneous XMM–Newton observation performed in September 2003 is well modeled with a disk-blackbody emission (with an inner disk temperature of ~0.8 keV) together with a power-law (with a photon index, Γ, of 2.1). The 2-100 keV luminosity is erg s-1 (assuming a distance of 6.8 kpc).
Conclusions.INTEGRAL observations reveal for the first time that this X-ray burster displays a very hard X-ray spectrum, with a cut-off at energies higher than 100 keV, and that the source spends most of the time in this low luminosity and hard state. Indeed, a previous BeppoSAX observation in April 1997 observed high energy emission from 4U 1850-087 only up to 50 keV.
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0.999259 |
Given the narrative complexity of The Odyssey, foreshadowing plays an important role in the poem by reassuring the audience that, despite the many twists and turns of the plot, Odyssey will ultimately return to his family in Ithaca and defeat of the suitors. However, his journey will be neither easy nor swift, and the pain he endures along the way is foreshadowed throughout the poem.
At the beginning of Book 1, Zeus says he is fond of Odysseus but that Poseidon feels differently, foreshadowing Odysseus’s coming clashes with Poseidon. Poseidon is absent from this scene, and his anger at being left out, as well as his continued wrath at Odysseus for blinding his son, mean he will get in one last jab at Odysseus. In an instance of ironic foreshadowing, Zeus says, “Poseidon, I trust, will let his anger go.” In fact, Poseidon’s not so quick to forgive, and in book 5 says, “I’ll give that man his swamping fill of trouble,” creating a huge storm as Odysseus sails away from Calypso’s island. Calypso also foreshadows Odysseus’s troubles getting home when she tells him, “if you only knew, down deep, what pains are fated to fill your cup before you reach that shore, you’d stay right here.” Throughout, Odysseus is identified with the epithet, “man of pain,” or “born for pain,” suggesting he is fated to suffer greatly in his life. At one point he is described as “master of exploits, man of pain.” In fact, his appetite for exploits, and his unwillingness to heed the gods’ warnings, is exactly what causes him so much pain, and extends his journey home by so many years.
In Book 8, Odysseus brags about his skills as an archer, foreshadowing his triumph at the end of the poem when he alone is able to shoot an arrow through a row of axe handles. When king Alcinous arranges a display of sports and games to amuse Odysseus, Odysseus says he can outperform all the athletes: “Well I know how to handle a fine polished bow, the first to hit my man in a mass of enemies… Of the rest I’d say that I outclass them all.” This speech foreshadows his prowess as a warrior in general, useful to the audience since we don’t see any actual scenes of Odysseus in battle until the end when he takes on the suitors with Telemachus. As ten years have passed since the Battle of Troy, and Odysseus has spent much of that time sitting around on Calypso’s island, he and the audience may be questioning if he is as fit as he once was. In the scene with the sports competitions he proves himself still a powerful competitor, foreshadowing his ability to take on the suitors, even though they are younger than him.
In Book 1, Telemachus has a daydream that his father arrives unannounced and drives away all the suitors plaguing his house, a direct foreshadowing of what happens when Odysseus arrives in Ithaca at the end of the poem. Describing Telemachus, the narrator says “He could almost see his magnificent father, here.. if only he might drop from the clouds and drive these suitors all in a rout throughout the halls and regain his pride of place and rule his own domains!” This wish is echoed by Athena, disguised as Mentes, when she says, “Oh how much you need Odysseus, gone so long – how he’d lay hands on all these brazen suitors!” When Odysseus does finally arrive, he doesn’t exactly drop from the clouds, but the revelation of his identity is a surprise to Telemachus. The two together slaughter all the suitors, fulfilling the fate foreshadowed by Telemachus’s daydream.
In Book 4, Helen tells the story of how Odysseus disguised himself as a beggar to sneak into Troy during the Trojan War, foreshadowing the disguise he uses to enter Ithaca at the end of the poem. “Throwing filthy rags on his back like any slave, he slipped into the enemy’s city, roamed its streets – all disguised, a totally different man, a beggar,” Helen recalls. This exactly foreshadows the tactics Odysseus employs, with Athena’s help, to reenter Ithaca. His disguises are significant because they indicate his cunning and intelligence in outwitting the enemy – first the Trojans, then the suitors at his home in Ithaca. In telling the story, Helen says she recognized Odysseus despite his disguise – “I spotted him for the man he was” – foreshadowing Penelope’s suspicions about the beggar’s true identity when Odysseus arrives in Ithaca.
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0.999997 |
Q) Consider below statements a) No tree is fruit.
c) All stones are rains.
I) No stone is tree.
II) No rain is tree.
III) Some rains are fruits.
IV) Some rains are trees.
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0.982612 |
— Charles de Gaulle, La France ne peut être la France sans la grandeur. in Mémoires de guerre.
As quoted in "What Americans forget about French resistance" http://www.cnn.com/2015/05/06/opinions/kaiser-ve-day-french-resistance/index.html (7 May 2015), by Charles Kaiser, Cable News Network, Atlanta, Georgia.
La France a perdu une bataille, mais la France n'a pas perdu la guerre. Poster À tous les Français (To All Frenchmen), August 1940. À tous les Français was designed and displayed in London to accompany the Appel du 18 juin (Appeal of 18 June) following defeat at the Battle of France. The pair are considered to be the founding texts of the Résistance.
Context: We must tell the Algerians that it is not the case that they need France, but that France needs them. They are not a burden, and if they are for now, they will on the contrary be a dynamic part as well as the young blood of the French nation into which we will have integrated them. I claim that in the Muslim religion there is nothing, in the moral point of view, that would be incompatible with making a believing or practicing Muslim a full French citizen. Very much on the contrary, its basic principles are the same as for Christianity, which is the basis of Western civilization. On the other hand, I do not believe that there exists an Algerian race, any more than there exists a French race … I conclude: let us offer to Algerian Muslims entrance and integration in a dynamic France. Instead of telling them as we do now: "you are very expensive, you are a burden", let us tell them: "we need you, you are the youth of the nation." As quoted in Journal officiel de la République française (28 January 1958); said when Algeria was still a part of Metropolitan France before it attained independence.
Action Française (1 December 1918), quoted in William R. Keylor, Jacques Bainville and the Renaissance of Royalist History in Twentieth-Century France (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1979), p. 129.
Source: M. King, Death of the Rainbow Warrior (1986), p. 200. Referring to the Bombing of the Rainbow Warrior.
Pt. I, Bk. I, ch. 1.
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0.959615 |
Display the most recent closing NAV of up to five ProShares ETFs on this device.
Pet Care as an Investment Opportunity? There's an ETF for that.
The Washington Post features PAWZ in an interview with ProShares’ Steve Cohen.
Plan Sponsor features the launch of ProShares Pet Care ETF (PAWZ).
ETF Trends says corporate bonds are 'leading corners of the fixed income market to start 2019'; features SPXB.
Barron’s features NOBL among 3 dividend growth ETFs you can rely on.
ETF.com covers ProShares’ launch of four ETFs tied to the communication services sector of the S&P 500.
Reuters' Chris Taylor says "invest in people who want to get dogs"; features ProShares Pet Care ETF (PAWZ).
ETF Trends highlights dividend growth strategies as a way to reduce some of the downside experienced by the broad market- features NOBL, REGL, and SMDV.
Fox Business News covers the launch of ProShares PAWZ in interview with Simeon Hyman.
ETF Trends features CSM for investors looking for large-cap strategies that have outperformed the S&P 500 consistently.
Geared (leveraged or short) ProShares ETFs seek returns that are a multiple of (e.g., 2x or -2x) the return of a benchmark (target) for a single day, as measured from one NAV calculation to the next. Due to the compounding of daily returns, ProShares' returns over periods other than one day will likely differ in amount and possibly direction from the target return for the same period. Investors should monitor their holdings as frequently as daily. For more on risks, please read the prospectus.
Investing involves risk, including the possible loss of principal. ProShares ETFs are generally non-diversified and entail certain risks, including risk associated with the use of derivatives (swap agreements, futures contracts and similar instruments), imperfect benchmark correlation, leverage and market price variance, all of which can increase volatility and decrease performance. For more on risks, please read the prospectus. There is no guarantee any ProShares ETF will achieve its investment objective. ProShares ETFs may not be suitable for all investors.
ProShares (ProShares Trust and ProShares Trust II) are distributed by SEI Investments Distribution Co., which is not affiliated with the funds' advisor or sponsor.
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0.999959 |
Do overweight elders live longer?
There has been quite a bit of discussion on weight status and health in the elderly. Some say that a little extra weight (being clinically overweight) will help older men and women live longer, as elders are at greater risk of being underweight due to loss of muscle mass - often from not eating properly. Back in 2007 I wrote about a study that suggested that compared to those with a clinically normal Body Mass Index, both men and women who were over 65 and overweight had the lowest risk of overall mortality but only a slightly increased risk of disability.
In that article, "disability" was measured by asking the participants if they could perform the following functions: bathing, grooming, dressing, eating, using the toilet, walking across a small room, and transferring from a bed to a chair. These are very specific and objective measures that almost anyone would consider a sign of poorer health. But what about the more personal and subjective assessments of health? Feeling that one is in poor health impacts one's perception of one's quality of life - and that's something that becomes more important as one ages.
An ongoing study of women's health in Australia began in 1996, recruiting a total of over 40,000 women who were among those women born within the following year groups: 1973-78, 1946-51, and 1921-1926. A team of researchers focused their work on the women born between 1921 and 1926, making them at least 70 years of age at the start of the study (Brit J Nutr 2016;116:692-699).
From 1996 to 1991 the participants reported their height and weight and rated their own health as "excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor" every three years. From 1991 to 2013 the participants' reporting was increased to every six months. The authors did not ask about specific measures of ability or disability - just the women's overall perception of their health.
For the purposes of their analysis, the authors grouped the health responses into "good" (a response of excellent, very good, or good) or "poor" (fair or poor), then used sophisticated software to model each woman's Total Life Expectancy as well as the number of years they might expect to spend healthy (Healthy Life Expectancy, or HLE) or unhealthy (Unhealthy Life Expectancy, or UHLE). They then could compare the TLE, HLE, and UHLE for women who were of normal weight, overweight, or clinically obese - as well as looking at those women who lost weight over the course of the study.
While normal-weight and overweight women had about the same Total Life Expectancy, overweight women could expect to have fewer healthy years and more unhealthy ones over that same time period. Obese women, on the other hand, had a lower TLE along with fewer healthy years. As we would expect, underweight women also lived fewer total years than normal-weight women, with fewer healthy years as well.
Compared with those who felt their health was "poor" at the start of the study, those who rated their health as "good" had greater numbers of healthy years, regardless of their Body Mass Status at the start of the study. Women who were overweight or obese were more likely to see their overall health change from "good" to "poor" over the course of the study, while underweight women were no more likely to see their health status change than those of normal weight. Finally, those obese women who reduced their Body Mass Index did see their Total Life Expectancy as well as their Healthy Life Expectancy increase slightly.
This study underscores the importance of maintaining your overall health as you get older, including a normal body weight. If you are overweight or obese once you hit your 60's or 70's, you can still improve your health and your overall quality of life by working on your weight. Talk to your physician about a referral to a dietitian, who can help you design an eating plan that will help you maintain lean muscle mass while reducing your Body Mass Index.
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0.990745 |
As someone who researches generational differences, I find one of the most frequent questions I'm asked is "What generation am I in?"
Conventional wisdom says the era of the long-term company employee is over and that members of the millennial generation job hop.
The United States is growing older and more ethnically diverse, a trend that could strain government programs from Medicare to education, the Census Bureau reported Thursday.
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0.972899 |
People with so-called "avoidant" personalities, who fear intimacy, also tend to shun the kind of social situations that could lead them to forge meaningful relations with others, thus perpetuating a vicious cycle.
That's according to Lindsey Beck and Margaret Clark who conducted three studies testing participants' preference for "diagnostic social situations" in which they're likely to receive feedback regarding whether other people like them or not.
An initial study showed that participants who scored highly on avoidant attachment (associated with fear of intimacy and closeness to others), but not high scorers on anxious attachment (who fear rejection), tended to say they would prefer hypothetical situations that weren't socially diagnostic - for example, they'd prefer to be allocated a partner in a language class, rather than be in a situation where the class arranged themselves into pairs. This aversion was specific to social diagnostic situations, with avoidant characters just as likely to opt for feedback on their hearing or pronunciation ability as other participants.
The pattern was replicated in a second study that involved a real-life choice between participants forming groups in class for a research project, or having the lecturer dictate the groups. In this case, highly avoidant participants tended to opt for the lecturer to select the groups.
A final study showed that it was possible to provoke aversion to socially diagnostic situations by priming participants to think about a person they felt uncomfortable being close to.
Beck and Clark said their findings provided a specific example of an under-explored area - that is, how personality can affect people's lives by influencing the situations they place themselves in. "By sidestepping [socially diagnostic] situations ... avoidant individuals may protect themselves from intimacy, loss of control, and early rejection, but they also forgo the joys and benefits of a reciprocal, trusting relationship," the researchers said, "as well as the benefits that early negative signals can serve in limiting investments into relationships not worthy of such investments."
"Paranoids aren't paranoid because they're paranoid, but because they keep putting themselves into paranoid situations"
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0.940717 |
Make a query with array of locations(lat and long)?
Hi, is it possible to make a query with array? So I would like to make a query to a service with array of locations(lat and long) and to get response for these locations?
The API only supports one location per request, so an array won't work. You can do multiple requests for one location, such as including geolookup, conditions, and forecast on the same call.
Thank you for response, I know about multiple requests for one location, was just hoping that I can also do something like array of locations per requests.
To William and afelicioni -- your answers are both the obvious choice. Yes, we can make multiple requests, but that's bad for both of us.
As developers, multiple requests will likely both put us over our per-minute, and per-day limit much faster.
As the owners of this API, by forcing developers to make multiple requests, you're forcing your servers to take on lots of additional incoming requests that could be avoided by allowing us to send a request body with multiple locations, or something.
Then there's the mobile perspective. Users of the devices have limited bandwidth, and limited multi-concurrent request abilities.
It seems like this is something you should at least consider adding support for.
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0.999996 |
Show me an example Maine Moose Tracks - Greenville Maine Moose Watching Tours: The Yearlings are here!
Today we set off into the north Maine woods to go on a van moose tour. We had two sisters visiting - one from Ohio and the other from Florida. It was a beautiful night in Greenville, finally in the 70's! We saw 7 moose on our tour today; 6 yearlings and 1 cow.
We even got to see the cow and a yearling feeding on the pond. Lots of the moose were drinking on the roadways, we all thought that it was funny how thirsty they seemed! We saw a turtle in the roadway (which Marilyn made sure to move out of the way), a fox eating something, 3 deer, and a hare.
It was an amazing night! We hope that they had fun on their trip with northeast guide service!
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0.99232 |
What do pigs, children, and nature photographers have in common?
We like playing in mud! (Note I didn't say if I was a pig or a photographer, it really depends on my appetite...).
In the United States, dry lake beds can be found in every desert region, though the Great Basin in particular is full of them. Death Valley National Park specifically has many, from the Racetrack Playa, the Panamint Playa, and some areas around the Eureka Dunes and Saline Valley. My favorite playa, due to its size and the ability to camp directly on it, is the Alvord Playa in southeast Oregon.
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0.879506 |
A digital computer employs physical device states as symbols; an analog computer employs them as models. An analog computer models the behaviors of smoothly varying mathematical variables—usually representing physical phenomena such as temperatures, pressures, or velocities—by translating these variables into (usually) voltages or gear movements. It then manipulates these physical quantities so as to solve the equations describing the original phenomena. Thermometers and scales can be viewed as rudimentary analog computers: they translate an unwieldy physical phenomenon (i.e., a patient's temperature or weight) into a manageable physical model or analog (i.e., the volume of a fixed quantity of colored alcohol or the displacement of a spring) that has been designed to vary linearly with the phenomenon to be measured; the device then derives a numerical result from the model (i.e., by aligning alcohol level or a pointer with a printed scale). Another example: pouring three equal units of water into an empty vertical tube and measuring the height of the result would be an analog method of computing that x + x + x = 3x.
The earliest known analog computer is the astrolabe. First built in Greece during the first century B.C., this device used pointers and scales on its face and a complex arrangement of bronze gears to predict the motions of the Sun, planets, and stars.
Other early measuring devices were also analog computers. Sundials, for example, traced a shadow's path to show the time of day. Springweight scales, which have been used for centuries, convert the pull on a stretched spring to units of weight. The slide rule was invented about 1620 and was used until superseded by the electronic calculator in the late twentieth century.
In 1905, Rollin Harris (1863–1918) and E. G. Fisher (1852–1939) of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey started work on a calculating device that would forecast tides. It was not the first such device, but was the most complex to be built. Dubbed the Great Brass Brain, it was 11 ft (3.35 m) long and 7 ft (2.1 m) high, weighed 2,500 lb (1135 kg), and contained a maze of cams, gears, and rotating shafts. Completed in 1910, the machine worked as follows: an operator set 37 dials (each representing a particular geological or astronomical variable) and turned a crank. The computer then drew up tidal charts for as far into the future as the operator wished. It made accurate predictions and was used for 56 years before being retired in 1966.
Vannevar Bush (1890–1974), an electrical engineer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, created what is considered to be the first modern analog computer in the 1930s. Bush, with a team from MIT's electrical engineering staff, discouraged by the time-consuming mathematical computations of differential equations that were required to solve certain engineering problems, began work on a device to solve these equations automatically. The first version of their device, dubbed the differential analyzer, was unveiled in 1930; the second in 1935. The latter weighed 100 tons, contained 150 motors, and hundreds of miles of wires connecting relays and vacuum tubes; instructions could be fed to the machine using hole-punched paper tape. Three copies of the machine were built for military and research use. Over the next 15 years, MIT built several new versions of the computer. By present standards the machine was slow, only about 100 times faster than a human operator using a desk calculator. Like most analog computers since, the MIT machines modeled phenomena using voltages, and contained a number of standard voltage-manipulating modules—integrators, differentiators, adders, inverters, and so forth—whose connections could be reconfigured to model, within limits, any desired equation.
In the 1950s, RCA produced the first reliable design for a fully electronic analog computer, but by this time, many of the most complex functions of analog computers were being assumed by faster and more accurate digital computers. Analog computers are still used today for specialized applications in scientific calculation, engineering design, industrial process control, and spacecraft navigation. Neural networks are an active research sub-field in analog computing. Recent research suggests that, in theory, an ideal analog computer might be able to solve certain problems beyond the reach even of an ideal digital computer with unlimited processing power.
Bains, Sunny. "Analog Computer Trumps Turing Model." EE Times. November 3, 1998 [cited January 6, 2003]. <http://www.eetimes.com/story/OEG19981103S0017>.
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0.581313 |
Capture a good footprint or handprint of your baby.
Having the print of your baby’s hand or foot is a keepsake that can go into a baby book or onto a keepsake ornament . Getting a clean, clear print of your baby’s hand and foot can be difficult, but with proper preparation, you have a good chance at getting it right.
Lay your baby down for a nap in a baby carrier or on a flat surface. Never leave a baby unattended in a car seat or on a bed.
Gather all of the supplies and lay them around where your baby is sleeping.
Wait until your baby is fast asleep. You can check whether he is in a deep sleep by lifting his arm or foot up and letting it drop. If he does not stir, he is sleeping deeply.
Place the paper, fabric or cardstock onto a hard book so your baby's foot or hand can be pressed against a flat surface. You can tape the paper into place. Have a friend or your partner handy to hold the book.
Squirt a glob of paint onto a paper plate or open the ink pad.
Uncoil your baby’s fist and gently spread out her fingers. To keep the hand uncoiled, hold her fingers and thumb open with your hand. For footprints, grasp your baby’s foot at the ankle.
Paint a layer of nontoxic acrylic paint onto your baby’s hand or foot or press your baby’s hand or foot onto the ink pad.
Press your baby’s hand or foot onto the paper, fabric or cardstock and hold it there for a few seconds. Use your hand to apply even pressure to your baby’s hand or foot to get a good print.
Wipe the paint or ink from your baby’s hand or foot immediately.
You might need to attempt the print several times to get a clean print onto the material of your choice.
Don't allow your baby to place his hands or feet into his mouth when covered in paint or ink.
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0.995486 |
where to publish a book For any type of writer who desires be a writer, knowing how you can publish a book is crucial. It’s a common situation– you have a suggestion for a book but you have no other way of recognizing exactly how to equate that concept from your computer display right into print or online.
Currently, even more compared to at any kind of various other time in background, there are a lot more possibilities and possibilities to write, share, and also publish a story– as well as engage with an audience. Whether you seek the traditional posting experience, total with a representative, editor, and author, or wish to self publish your book, it’s entirely within your grip. You make a decision what jobs best for you and also your job.
Standard book publishing is when an author offers the writer a contract and also, consequently, prints, publishes, and markets your publication through booksellers and also other retailers. The publisher basically buys the right to release your book as well as pays you royalties from the sales.
If you intend to release a book generally, a lot of writers should locate an agent. In order to locate one, you need to recognize the best category for your writing. If you are or desire to be a non-fiction writer, you will have to send a publication proposition with three sample phases, and also a run-through of each chapter. If you are creating fiction, you must have your manuscript complete.
When these steps are completed, you prepare to write a query letter. This letter is what you will certainly send out to prospective agents. It’s crucial to point out the different parts that compose a query letter. You ought to make sure to point out the synopsis of your book, the chapter recap, the marketplace or target market your book is suggested for, and also a summary of on your own.
There are a selection of different posting designs, including print-on-demand, vanity, subsidy, and also self-publishing.
Print-on-demand (CASE) publishers approve all submissions & emdash; any person who is ready to pay is released. CAPSULE posting utilizes printing innovation to create publications one at a time via a firm at an affordable rate. Guides are printed independently as orders been available in. Consequently, you could change the publication’s supply to meet the viewers’s demand.
POD reduce on costs as well as removes the demand for area to keep unsold duplicates. Generally editing, proofreading, or advertising is provided at an added expense as well as you earn money off of nobilities from sales. In regards to rights, some can go to the HUSK publisher for a collection quantity of time but this differs depending on the publisher.
A vanity publisher, likewise recognized as a book supplier, publishes any type of anybody’s job offered they have the money to pay for their services. The manufacturer prints as well as binds a book on the writer’s cent as well as does not use editing, marketing, or marketing support. Nevertheless, the writer has the printed publications and preserves all benefit from sales.
An aid publisher resembles a vanity publisher because the author needs to pay for the printing and also binding procedure of the publication. Nonetheless, this kind of author adds a part of the cost to editing and enhancing, circulation, warehousing, and also advertising. In this case, the author possesses guides till they are offered and also the writer generates income from nobilities.
Self-publishing requires the writer to spend their very own money to produce, market, disperse, as well as stockroom guide. While this could be a substantial time commitment, the procedure could be more affordable than vanity or aid posting.
Exactly what’s the distinction between self-publishing and traditional posting?
In conventional publishing, the publisher manages the advertising and marketing, distribution, and also warehousing for your book. This is the typical technique to book publishing since there is no cost to the writer– mainstream authors make a profit from guide’s sales.
In both situations, you have the option to choose what format your publication will be released in– published book, e-book, audio book, cd, dvd, as well as lots of even more. If you select an e-book, which is basically a publication published in digital type as well as readily available on e-Readers and other electronic tools, it could be downloaded and install promptly, has the capacity to be translated into different languages, as well as could never ever head out of print. However, the as e-book formats and also documents types create and also transform in time, lots of could require to be transformed to a new file or format.
If seeing your operate in print is to accomplish an individual objective you have or you view on your own as a hobbyist, choose vanity posting.
If you’re creating a family background, memoir or publication of verse that has a restricted target market, and also do not want your book equipped at book shops, making use of CAPSULE is probably to your advantage. They are commonly nonreturnable, not marketed at a discount rate, and you will not have to save any kind of unsold publications.
Printing in bulk by means of self-publishing could be your best wager if you have a noticeable system established to reach your target market, both online and also offline (such as a website, Twitter deal with, and Facebook fan web page), have trustworthiness with your visitors in your genre/category and also are prepared to devote your time to marketing as well as advertising your work.
Self-publishing is additionally an excellent option if you have a time-sensitive manuscript, as a commercial posting business could use up to 18 months to obtain your book from manuscript to final production.
where to publish a book For any writer who strives to be an author, knowing ways to publish a book is vital. It’s an usual scenario– you have a concept for a book yet you have no other way of recognizing ways to translate that idea from your computer system display right into print or online.
Now, greater than at other time in background, there are extra possibilities as well as opportunities to create, share, and also publish a story– and connect with an audience. Whether you are after the typical posting experience, total with a representative, editor, and also author, or want to self release your publication, it’s totally within your understanding. You decide what jobs best for you and your work.
Typical publication publishing is when a publisher offers the writer a contract and, consequently, prints, releases, as well as sells your book through booksellers as well as various other retailers. The author essentially purchases the right to publish your book and also pays you royalties from the sales.
If you intend to release a publication typically, many writers require to find an agent. In order to locate one, you have to recognize the best group for your writing. If you are or wish to be a non-fiction writer, you will certainly have to submit a book proposition with 3 example chapters, and a summary of each phase. If you are composing fiction, you need to have your manuscript total.
Once these actions are completed, you prepare to create a question letter. This letter is just what you will send to possible agents. It is very important to state the different components that compose a query letter. You should make sure to point out the summary of your publication, the phase summary, the marketplace or audience your book is implied for, and also a summary of on your own.
There are a selection of different posting models, including print-on-demand, vanity, subsidy, as well as self-publishing.
Print-on-demand (POD) authors accept all entries & emdash; any individual who agrees to pay is published. SHELL publishing uses printing innovation to generate publications one by one via a business at an economical rate. Guides are published separately as orders been available in. As a result, you could readjust guide’s supply to meet the viewers’s demand.
CAPSULE reduce on expenses and also eliminates the demand for area to keep unsold copies. Typically modifying, proofreading, or advertising and marketing is provided at an added price as well as you earn money off of royalties from sales. In terms of legal rights, some can most likely to the SHELL author for a collection amount of time but this varies relying on the author.
A vanity publisher, additionally known as a publication manufacturer, releases any anyone’s work supplied they have the cash to pay for their solutions. The maker prints as well as binds a publication on the author’s dollar as well as does not provide editing and enhancing, marketing, or advertising help. However, the author possesses the published books and retains all earnings from sales.
An aid author is comparable to a vanity publisher because the author has to spend for the printing and binding process of the publication. Nonetheless, this kind of author contributes a portion of the price to editing and enhancing, circulation, warehousing, and advertising. In this instance, the author has guides till they are sold as well as the writer makes cash from aristocracies.
Self-publishing needs the writer to invest their own cash to create, market, disperse, and storehouse guide. While this could be a huge time dedication, the process can be much more cost-effective compared to vanity or aid posting.
In standard publishing, the publisher takes care of the advertising and marketing, distribution, and also warehousing for your book. This is the standard technique to publication publishing due to the fact that there is no expense to the author– mainstream authors earn a profit from guide’s sales.
In both instances, you have the alternative to select just what layout your publication will certainly be released in– printed book, e-book, audio book, cd, dvd, as well as a lot more. If you pick an e-book, which is essentially a publication released in digital type as well as readily available on e-Readers and other electronic tools, it can be downloaded instantaneously, has the capacity to be equated into various languages, and also can never head out of print. Nevertheless, the as e-book styles and file kinds develop as well as transform gradually, many could require to be converted to a new documents or style.
If seeing your job in print is to meet a personal goal you have or you view yourself as an enthusiast, select vanity posting.
If you’re writing a family history, narrative or book of verse that has a minimal target market, and don’t want your book equipped at bookstores, making use of POD is probably to your benefit. They are commonly nonreturnable, not sold at a discount rate, and also you won’t have to keep any kind of unsold books.
Printing in mass via self-publishing may be your finest wager if you have a noticeable system developed to reach your target market, both online and offline (such as a website, Twitter manage, and also Facebook fan page), have reliability with your viewers in your genre/category and also are prepared to devote your time to marketing and advertising your job.
Self-publishing is likewise a good option if you have a time-sensitive manuscript, as a business posting firm can take up to 18 months to obtain your publication from manuscript to final production.
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0.982547 |
Bowling for Columbine is a film directed by and starring Michael Moore. It won an Academy Award in the category of Best Documentary, and has received both praise, controversy, and criticism, both for the genre of the film (creative documentary), and the claims Moore makes in it. The film opened on October 11, 2002, and internationalized Moore's previously cultish American status. The film won the 55th Anniversary Prize at the 2002 Cannes Film Festival, and received a 13-minute standing ovation at the end of its screening at the festival.
The film's purpose is to explore what Moore suggests are the reasons and causes for the Columbine High School massacre, and other acts of violence with guns. Moore focuses on the background and environment in which the massacre took place, and some common public opinions and assumptions about different particular points. The film takes an informal, artistic and up-close-and-personal look into the nature of violence in the United States, focusing on guns as the controversial symbol of both American freedom and its paradoxical self-destruction.
In Moore's discussions with various people, including South Park co-creator Matt Stone; the National Rifle Association's president, Charlton Heston, who suffers from Alzheimer's disease and was allegedly interviewed under false pretenses; and musician Marilyn Manson, he seeks to answer, in his own unique style, the questions of why the Columbine massacre occurred, and why the United States has higher rates of violent crimes (especially crimes involving guns) than other developed nations, in particular Germany, France, Australia, Japan, the United Kingdom, and especially Canada.
The Columbine High School massacre occurred on Tuesday, April 20, 1999 at Columbine High School in unincorporated Jefferson County, Colorado, near Denver and Littleton, Colorado, in the United States. Two teenage students, Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, carried out a shooting rampage, killing twelve fellow students and a teacher, as well as wounding twenty-four others, before committing suicide. It is considered to be the deadliest school shooting, and the second deadliest attack on a school in US History.
The massacre provoked intense debate regarding gun control laws and the availability of firearms in the United States. Much discussion also centered on the nature of high school cliques and bullying, as well as the role of violent movies and video games in American society. Several of the victims who were believed to have been killed due to their religious beliefs became a source of inspiration to others, notably Christians, and led some to lament the decline of religion in public education and society in general. The shooting also resulted in an increased emphasis on school security, and a moral panic aimed at goth culture, heavy metal music, social pariahs, the use of pharmaceutical anti-depressants by teenagers, violent movies and violent video games.
The following transcript is from a cartoon in the film. It was inspired by the work of Matt Stone and Trey Parker, creators of the animated series South Park. Although Matt Stone appears in the film, he did not do this animation. The cartoon points to America's past as a clue to why the American pursuit of happiness is so riddled with violence. Is this account fair? Is this an objective or biased history of the US?
Now, it's time for a brief History of the United States of America... Hi, boys and girls! Ready to get started?
But as soon as they arrived, they were greeted by savages and they got scared all over again. (Injuns!) So they killed them all. Now, you'd think wiping out a race of people would calm them down, but no. Instead, they started getting frightened of each other.
(Witch!) So they burned witches. In 1775 they started killing the British, so they could be free. And it worked.
But they still didn't feel safe. So they passed a second amendment which said every white man could keep his gun (I loves my gun, loves my gun. ) which brings us to the genius idea of slavery.
You see, boys and girls, the white people back then were also afraid of doing any work. So they went to Africa, kidnapped thousands of black people, brought them back to America, and forced them to work very hard for no money. And I don't mean 'no money' like: (I work at Wal Mart and make no money.) I mean zero dollars. Nothing, nada, zip. Doing it that way made the USA the richest country in the world.
Well, just in the nick of time came Samuel Colt, who, in 1836 invented the first weapon ever that could be fired over and over without having to reload. And all the settlers were like: Yee hah! But it was too late. The North soon won the Civil War and the slaves were free. Yup, they were free now to go chop all the old masters' heads off. And everybody was like: (Oh, no, we're gonna die.) But the freed slaves took no revenge. They just wanted to live in peace.
But you couldn't convince the white people of this. So they formed the Ku Klux Klan and, in 1871 the same year the Klan became an illegal terrorist organization, another group was founded: the National Rifle Association.
Soon, politicians passed one of the first gun laws, making it illegal for any black person to own one. It was a great year for America, the KKK and the NRA. Of course, they had nothing to do with each other and this was just a coincidence. One group legally promoted responsible gun ownership and the other group shot and lynched black people.
And that's the way it was all the way till 1955 when a black woman broke the law by refusing to move to the back of the bus. White people just couldn't believe it. (Huh? Why won't she move? What's going on?) Man, all Hell broke loose. Black people everywhere started demanding their rights. White people had a major, freaky feel meltdown and they were all like: (Run away! Run away!) And they did. They all ran fleeing to the suburbs, where it was all white and safe and clean. And they went out and bought a quarter of a billion guns. And put locks on their doors, alarms in their houses, and gates around the neighborhoods. And finally, they were all safe and secure and snug as a bug.
No way ! Pas question ! / On ne passe pas ! / Tu parles !
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0.933651 |
Politics. The only topic that is capable of creating division and heated debate among friends and families as much as professional sports. Especially in recent years, this sentiment has been aggravated by extreme political polarization, as exemplified by national elections in the USA, France, Brazil, or the Brexit referendum in the UK. Amidst this turmoil, I asked myself what is the role of scientists in political debates? Some scientists, including some of my former colleagues, believe in the separation of science and politics. For some of them, political debates should not have a place in scientific conversations. Some others do not oppose that discussion but are not interested themselves in the topic.
It is interesting to observe some rejection to political engagement, in light of the fact that a significant portion of funding for research comes from government sources. Different governments have different policies concerning investment in education, science and technology that directly impact scientific research. It’s no secret that government funding is paramount to maintaining ongoing and future research, especially in basic sciences, where partnerships with private industries are relatively small. But beyond that, it is also important to understand the benefits of long-term investment in scientific research, in both basic and applied sciences, at a broader economic scale.
Strong investment in research and development enables countries to develop new technologies and creative business enterprises to enhance their economic growth. This can be measured by indices such as the Global Innovation Index (GII). Some of the largest innovation clusters in the world, as identified by the GII, include the Silicon Valley in California and other major technology centres around the world, demonstrating how innovation is a key component for economic growth and diversified economies. Countries with a strong investment in research and development rank among the leaders in innovation on a global scale. Most of these countries have sustained proportionately high investments in science and education for many years (despite some occasional fluctuations), including Canada and the UK, for instance, demonstrating that their concern for research and development is not a recent venture. This continued investment in research pays off in the form of a relatively high number of students completing PhD programs and the high number of employment positions based on science and technology experts that those countries host.
This research investment comes from two major fronts: government and industry. Most countries ranking among the top 25 in the GII have strong investments in research from both public and private sectors. However, public investment in research seems to play a special role in countries like the Netherlands, New Zealand and Norway, where business expenditure on research and development is quite modest compared to public investment, but still enabling those countries to rank among the most innovative in the world, with the Netherlands ranking second overall. Another important component from public investment in research and development is that most of the basic sciences depend on funding from public funding agencies. Although not usually recognized as an important component for economic development, some estimates indicate that between 60%-80% of papers published in basic sciences are linked to the development of patents on the mid-to long-term. This is one important aspect of basic sciences that is easily forgotten. For instance, who could predict that Einstein’s theory of relativity would play an important role in the proper functioning of GPS systems? Who could predict that studying ice cores in Antarctica would reveal the dramatic impact of human activity on global climate?
Those examples highlight the mid to long-term benefits of investing in scientific research, which should be an incentive to countries or regions that currently lack or have reduced their investment on research and development. In such cases, keeping government-based investment on research to at least 2% of the GDP (close to the average of 2.3% for OECD countries) may provide the initial steps towards increasing innovativeness and the number of professionals with PhDs. Politicians can also help to boost business-based funding of research incentives to private enterprises, such as tax deductions towards investments in science and technology. However, the recent reduction in resources to research and development observed in countries like the US or Brazil, despite the major long-term economic benefits of investment in scientific research, should serve as a warning.
I believe that increasing public awareness on the relevance of scientific research to the expansion of human knowledge and economic growth is desperately needed. On this note, a greater engagement of scientists in politics could help changing this scenario, by engaging in science outreach, being active voices in their communities or even running for office. Some initiatives have already been taken towards the latter option, such as during the electoral process in the US. Some scientists in Brazil have also recently ran for office in this year’s national elections, especially motivated by the recent dramatic cuts to science and technology. In an era of increasing public misinformation, scientists play a fundamental role in promoting fact-based discussions and policymaking.
I am a Postdoctoral Fellow in the Pierce Lab @ Dept. Organismic & Evolutionary Biology/Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. I work on the early evolution of squamates and on the phylogenetic relationships among squamates and other major reptile lineages. I started my career in my home city (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), developing research on fossil reptiles at the Museu Nacional/UFRJ, and subsequently moved to Canada, where I obtained my PhD at the University of Alberta and expanded my expertise on phylogenetic methods, functional morphology and macroevolution. I am interested in combining data from living and extinct species, as well as morphological and molecular data, to explore and investigate deep time problems in vertebrate evolution.
A great read – thanks for sharing your thoughts on this challenging topic!
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