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I’m on clear score and Experian My clear score one is saying my score is 440 out of 750 But my Experian one is 950 out of 999. So which one is more accurate cause I’m confused.
They are all accurate. Your score is based on a few things that vary between bureaus - the information in the record at that bureau and the algorithm they use. Since not all creditors report to all bureaus, you may have a trade line in one bureau that is not in the other. Second, the formulas used vary between bureaus, As for Credit Karma, they are probably the least accurate since their scores are more of a guess based on whatever they have. I am not sure what the laws are in the UK, but if possible, pull your credit reports and compare them. My initial guess is that you may have an error in one of the reports (either a missing bad trade line at Experian or a mis-reported bad line (such as a collections account) being reported on Clear. Cross reference both scores with Credit Karma just to get a handle on where you might be. And while you are at it, check each line of both credit reports for errors and get them fixed through the dispute resolution process, even if it was only a former address.
Which site does not mean as much as the same site. Credit Karma is my fav. The scores that go to 999 just confuse you. I've never heard of clear score. May have to look that up. Oh, I am on the other side of the pond, no wonder. The wide differences in your scores suggests something is really wrong with one of the scores.
Since Experian goes up to 840, I'd say the Experian one is very, very wrong. Just use Credit Karma. It's not perfect by any means, but their score is at least usually very approximate.
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0.874169 |
It’s easy to find evidence of how prevalent big data and analytics have become across organizations in most fields and industries. Big data, after all, continues to improve and provide better insights, more robust tools, and higher quality results. More importantly, the techniques and systems used for analytics have evolved from rudimentary techniques—like manually inputting data into spreadsheets—into highly complex platforms that use artificial intelligence and other emerging technologies to both simplify and accelerate data processing and understanding.
Thanks to these new technologies, data processing is taking its next leap into the field of augmented analytics. By incorporating machine learning, natural language processing, and other advanced tools, full stack augmented analytics are closer to becoming the norm instead of a novelty. Therefore, it’s important to consider what the possibilities are, and how it could result in smarter analytics, more actionable business intelligence, and faster, more accurate insights.
More and more, organizations demand faster analytics that requires less user input and provide better results. While a decade ago this sounded like a pipe dream, advances in AI and natural language techniques have made augmented analytics a reality. The name itself raises important questions, but the most important answer is that augmented intelligence is not meant to replace human intelligence, but rather enhance it.
Augmented analytics refers to the systems that automate key aspects of the intelligence gathering and processing process. This includes implementing techniques and platforms that can successfully collect data, understand it, and find the best ways to parse and present it. Because of the complex nature of these tools, augmented analytics includes several technology disciplines that until recent years had been mostly theoretical. This includes AI and machine learning that let business intelligence tools not just gather data, but continuously find better and smarter ways to present it.
Moreover, augmented analytics include a user-facing side that uses natural language techniques to make it easier to interact with the system. These methods include natural language querying, and usually will include a business intelligence bot that can interact with users both to collect and present data that is relevant. Overall, the system is designed to make it easier to analyze and find the data that is relevant to users without requiring heavy manual input.
While different aspects of augmented intelligence can be deployed into existing business intelligence solutions to help improve them, the most useful implementations are those that take a full stack approach. For augmented analytics, this means creating a clear flow from the way data is collected to the methods used to presented to users as insights and results.
The process starts with data preparation as algorithms can work to integrate different data catalogs and make informed suggestions of schemas and different meaningful enrichments for data. Here, AI can make it easier to select the right means of analyzing and organizing data to extract the maximum value.
Moving on to user interaction, full stack analytics uses natural language processing to make it easier for users to get the information they need quickly. Natural language querying can be applied to let anyone simply ask questions and have augmented intelligence find the relevant patterns and produce the correct models automatically. By removing the need to input complex parameters for the right data, augmented analytics makes business intelligence more accessible to regular end users. Eventually, natural language is also used to return answers and insights to users. Already, chatbots and other business intelligence bots provide a much easier way to understand data. Additionally, natural language tools can optimize different visualizations, as well as provide key context that can add value to data.
Finally, machine learning can be used to continuously improve the prescriptive analytics inside dashboards by providing recommendations for actions based on incoming data and prevalent trends. This can include giving you suggestions about ways to meet KPIs, different possible courses of actions based on consumer tendencies, and areas where you can improve performance and efficiency in your operations.
A decade ago, using AI and machine learning for business was rare in any industry. Now, however, business intelligence tools have been integrating different AI functionality to improve key aspects of the analytics and display process. By committing fully to AI and Machine learning as part of augmented analytics, companies can significantly improve the way they interact with and extract value from their data. More importantly, they can make users’ lives easier and provide better insights as well as results. In a decade, it will be rare to find an industry that doesn’t use augmented analytics to get the best possible insights.
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0.955197 |
We must focus more resources on antimicrobial resistance, or our tools to control disease in humans and animals may become ineffective in a few decades.
In our rapidly changing world, many potentially disease-causing micro-organisms are able to evolve and adapt at a rate that far exceeds our ability to develop new and effective drugs to combat them. Bacterial diseases are particularly notorious for this adaptive capacity, and the lack of new antibiotics to deal with multidrug-resistant strains of common bacteria such as E. coli and staphylococcus is generating concern among public health authorities worldwide. Other microbes showing a worrisome resistance to drugs include the bacteria that cause human tuberculosis and the protozoal parasite that causes malaria, plus many more.
Well before the discovery of antibiotics in the 14th century, the Black Death, an infamous pandemic of plague, killed more than 50 million people — over 50 percent of Europe’s population. The Black Death was caused by a bacterium transmitted to humans by the rat flea. It spread rapidly across overcrowded and rat-infested towns in Europe from 1346 to 1353. Chronicles and letters from the time describe the fear generated by the highly infectious disease.
Despite impressive progress since then in the development of our arsenal of chemical and management interventions, infectious diseases continue to be a significant worldwide source of human and animal illness and death. In modern times, our ability to fight back is being challenged by antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which results from natural and human-driven changes in the genetic makeup of micro-organisms. These genetic changes are brought about by exposure to chemical agents such as antibiotic drugs, other antimicrobials and disinfectants, as well as to some naturally occurring compounds. Unfortunately, the use, overuse, underuse and misuse of these antimicrobial agents in humans, animals and crops has contributed to the escalating global problem of AMR.
Antibiotics and antimicrobials are widely used in human medicine, livestock agriculture and aquaculture, and the ones used in agriculture and aquaculture are often similar to those used in human medicine. There is a growing concern that this use of antibiotics in humans and animals, including food-producing animals, can result in the strengthening and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria; the resistance genes can be passed from one microbe to another in human and animal populations and in the environment. How much microbes can change in a given time frame is hard to predict, because natural ecosystems are highly complex and the evolutionary pressures are variable.
The use, overuse, underuse and misuse of antimicrobial agents in humans, animals and crops has contributed to the global problem of antimicrobial resistance.
As existing antibiotics and other antimicrobial drugs rapidly lose their efficacy, there is not enough investment in developing replacement drugs or alternative approaches for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. Regulatory and financial barriers are blamed for the lack of research and development, especially on projects to reduce reliance on antibiotic use in livestock. The livestock sector needs new vaccines and more incentives for the development of innovative management options. We believe that neglecting these issues is short-sighted. More must be done to promote research and development in this area, especially for zoonotic diseases (those that are shared by humans and animals). Similarly, greater investment is vital to develop new diagnostics to detect and characterize drug-resistant micro-organisms. If we fail to focus attention and resources on AMR, many of the tools we currently have to control disease in humans and animals may become ineffective within the next few decades.
Although the speed of genetic change is uncertain, the threat from AMR is increasing, and urgent action is needed. Experts agree that all sectors (human medicine, veterinary medicine, public health, agriculture) and the relevant regulatory agencies need to work together to improve the stewardship of drugs, antimicrobials, disinfectants and other chemical agents currently available to treat or prevent infectious diseases. It is a highly complex challenge that requires collective and comprehensive action on a global scale. The World Health Organization (WHO) developed a draft global action plan in 2015 to combat AMR. Each member country should have a national action plan in place by the 70th World Health Assembly, which will be held in Geneva at the end of this month.
A number of national and international AMR surveillance programs are already in place to assess the problem, and many governments have developed AMR action plans. Here in Canada, the Public Health Agency of Canada (in collaboration with Health Canada, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency, the Canadian Institutes for Health Research, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, the National Research Council Canada and Industry Canada) published in 2015 a Federal Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance and Use in Canada. The document outlines the need for government leadership with enhanced surveillance for AMR, better stewardship for the prudent use of antibiotics and a targeted approach to encourage research and innovation. Guidelines and recommendations are being developed to implement the plan, and food and drug regulations are being updated.
With changing global demographics and growing international trade and travel, no country should be considered in isolation. Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases do not respect national borders, and micro-organisms are readily carried around the globe on animate and inanimate objects. It is important to understand how highly interconnected everything is: actions — and lack of action — in a far corner of Africa or Eurasia can affect diseases that threaten health here in Canada, and vice versa.
Many good initiatives are under way at local, national and global levels to address AMR, but what is also needed is enhanced vigilance and an ongoing commitment from a wide range of stakeholders, including veterinarians, medical doctors, farmers and the general public. World Antibiotic Awareness Week (November 13-19, 2017) aims to raise awareness and educate the public about antibiotic use and how everyone can play a part in efforts against AMR. Simple actions such as improving hygiene, hand washing and taking the full course of antibiotics when prescribed can help prevent infectious illness and prolong the efficacy of our current antibiotics. We all need to take responsibility for our own health, as well as the health of the environment and all the living creatures with whom we share the planet.
Susan Cork is a professor and head of the Department Ecosystem and Public Health in the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary. Her research interests are in infectious diseases, veterinary public health, policy and risk assessment.
Sylvia Checkley is a veterinary epidemiologist in the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, and holds a half time appointment to ProvLab leading the Environmental Surveillance Program. Her interests focused on the interface between animals, humans and the environment.
Niamh Caffrey is a post-doctoral scholar in the Department of Ecosystem and Public Health at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary. She is collaborating on projects relating to antimicrobial resistance in poultry and well water quality in rural Alberta.
Karen Liljebjelke is a veterinary microbiologist in the Department of Ecosystem and Public Health at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary. She studies the genetics of antimicrobial resistance in food and water borne pathogens.
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0.959488 |
- Language and the world share a common logical form.
- Sentences are logical pictures of the world: The logical relations between the elements of a sentence reflect the relations between the elements in the world.
- Sentences can show their form but they cannot say it; sentences that attempt to say what can only be shown are pseudo-sentences or nonsense.
- Language consists of 'language games' that reflect forms of life.
- For many expressions, the meaning is the use: To grasp the 'meaning' of such an expression is to know how to use it.
Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein, born on April 26th 1889 in Vienna, Austria, was a charismatic enigma.
He has been something of a cult figure but shunned publicity and even built an isolated hut in Norway to live in complete seclusion. His sexuality was ambiguous but he was probably gay; how actively so is still a matter of controversy. His life seems to have been dominated by an obsession with moral and philosophical perfection, summed up in the subtitle of Ray Monk's excellent biography Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius.
His concern with moral perfection led Wittgenstein at one point to insist on confessing to several people various sins, including that of allowing others to underestimate the extent of his 'Jewishness'. His father Karl Wittgenstein's parents were born Jewish but converted to Protestantism and his mother Leopoldine (nee Kalmus) was Catholic, but her father was of Jewish descent. Wittgenstein himself was baptized in a Catholic church and was given a Catholic burial, although between baptism and burial he was neither a practicing nor a believing Catholic.
The Wittgenstein family was large and wealthy. Karl Wittgenstein was one of the most successful businessmen in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, leading the iron and steel industry there. The Wittgensteins' home attracted people of culture, especially musicians, including the composer Johannes Brahms, who was a friend of the family. Music remained important to Wittgenstein throughout his life. So did darker matters. Ludwig was the youngest of eight children, and of his four brothers, three committed suicide.
As for his career, Wittgenstein studied mechanical engineering in Berlin and in 1908 went to Manchester, England to do research in aeronautics, experimenting with kites. His interest in engineering led to an interest in mathematics which in turn got him thinking about philosophical questions about the foundations of mathematics. He visited the mathematician and philosopher Gottlob Frege (1848-1925), who recommended that he study with Bertrand Russell (1872-1970) in Cambridge. At Cambridge Wittgenstein greatly impressed Russell and G.E. Moore (1873- 1958), and began work on logic.
When his father died in 1913, Wittgenstein inherited a fortune, which he quickly gave away. When war broke out the next year, he volunteered for the Austrian army. He continued his philosophical work and won several medals for bravery during the war. The result of his thinking on logic was the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus which was eventually published in 1922 with Russell's help. This was the only book Wittgenstein published during his lifetime. Having thus, in his opinion, solved all the problems of philosophy, Wittgenstein became an elementary school teacher in rural Austria, where his approach was strict and unpopular, but apparently effective. He spent 1926-28 meticulously designing and building an austere house in Vienna for his sister Gretl.
In 1929 he returned to Cambridge to teach at Trinity College, recognizing that in fact he had more work to do in philosophy. He became professor of philosophy at Cambridge in 1939. During World War II he worked as a hospital porter in London and as a research technician in Newcastle. After the war he returned to university teaching but resigned his professorship in 1947 to concentrate on writing. Much of this he did in Ireland, preferring isolated rural places for his work. By 1949 he had written all the material that was published after his death as Philosophical Investigations, arguably his most important work. He spent the last two years of his life in Vienna, Oxford and Cambridge and kept working until he died of prostate cancer in Cambridge in April 1951. His work from these last years has been published as On Certainty. His last words were, "Tell them I've had a wonderful life."
Ludwig Wittgenstein is one of the most influential philosophers of the twentieth century, and regarded by some as the most important since Immanuel Kant. His early work was influenced by that of Arthur Schopenhauer and, especially, by his teacher Bertrand Russell and by Gottlob Frege, who became something of a friend. This work culminated in the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, the only book that Wittgenstein published during his lifetime. It claimed to solve all the major problems of philosophy and was held in especially high esteem by the anti-metaphysical logical positivists.
The Tractatus is based on the idea that philosophical problems arise from misunderstandings of the logic of language, and it tries to show what this logic is. Wittgenstein's later work, principally his Philosophical Investigations, shares this concern with logic and language, but takes a different, less technical, approach to philosophical problems. This book helped to inspire so-called ordinary language philosophy. This style of doing philosophy has fallen somewhat out of favor, but Wittgenstein's work on rule-following and private language is still considered important, and his later philosophy is influential in a growing number of fields outside philosophy.
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0.999996 |
Electric vehicles, lighter-weight aircraft, and enhanced materials processing are themes worth investing in.
Advanced materials are loosely defined as those designed with enhanced properties that improve on traditionally used materials. A broader definition includes materials seeing increased demand due to advanced technologies. For example, if you want to reduce the weight of aircraft (while also increasing strength) then Hexcel Corp. (NYSE:HXL) advanced composites are going to come in handy. Similarly, if you believe in the future of electric vehicles, then the lithium produced by Albemarle Corp. (NYSE:ALB) (used in batteries) will surely come into high demand in the future. If you want to invest in companies that provide technology to materials processors, then high-performance laser manufacturer IPG Photonics Corp. (NASDAQ:IPGP) is well worth a look.
Here are the investment cases for all three.
The growth of electric vehicle sales and demand for lithium in batteries is the key to Albemarle Corporation's growth prospects. Image source: Getty Images.
The company's carbon fiber and advanced composites have high strength-to-weight ratios; by substituting them for conventional materials, aircraft manufacturers can reduce an aircraft's weight while also increasing its durability. As larger (wide-body) aircraft tend to weigh more, they tend to use relatively more advanced composites than smaller (narrow-body) aircraft.
For example, more than 50% of the weight of the wide-body Airbus A350 XWB comes from composites, compared to just 10% to 15% of the narrow-body Airbus A320 NEO and Boeing 737 MAX. However, the sheer number of narrow-body aircraft on order means the combined value of the B737 and A320 program backlogs ($4.63 billion) to Hexcel is higher than that of, say the A350 ($3.4 billion). Moreover, newer generations of aircraft tend to be designed with higher proportions of carbon composites -- good news for Hexcel.
Airlines' shift in preference toward newer generation aircraft, as well as the strong ongoing demand for narrow-body planes, will benefit composite suppliers. Meanwhile, the wide-body aircraft replacement cycle is expected to kick in at the start of the next decade -- many airlines appear to be waiting for the Boeing 777X to begin delivery. Those sales will mean big business for companies like Hexcel.
In short, Hexcel's advanced material technology is a good way to play a secular theme (increasing use of lightweight materials) and a cyclical theme (increasing aircraft orders, and wide-body aircraft in particular).
The specialty chemicals company is best known as the world's largest producer of lithium (the lithium business accounted for 49% of its adjusted EBITDA in the first quarter), which makes it an ideal play on the increasing demand for the element in electric vehicle batteries and consumer electronics.
But Albemarle also produces bromine specialty chemicals (26%) used as flame-retardants and in other applications, and catalysts (25%) used primarily in petrochemical refining.
EBITDA for the bromine specialties and catalysts businesses is expected to increase in the low-to-mid single digits in 2018, while lithium EBITDA is expected to rise by more than 20%. However, the key to the stock's prospects lies in the long-term demand for lithium to make EV car batteries. Management expects lithium demand from the transportation segment will experience a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 35% from 2017 through 2025, compared to a CAGR of 8% from the consumer electronics sector -- producing an overall 18% CAGR for the period that will see demand more than triple.
The central assumption in this bullish outlook relates to the rate of adoption of EVs, and in particular battery electric vehicles (BEV). Albemarle's management expects BEVs to make up 6.7% of light vehicles sold in 2025. For reference, BEVs have no internal combustion engines, and therefore require significantly larger battery packs than hybrid (HEV) or plug-in hybrid (PHEV) vehicles. The mix of EV types being sold will be key, as Albemarle notes that BEVs have batteries 85 times the size of HEVs and four times the size of PHEVs, in terms of kWh per vehicle.
As ever with commodity-type stocks, the balance of supply and demand will be critical, and some analysts fear that Albemarle and its peers are set to overproduce lithium, which would create a glut and send prices into a slump. However, it's difficult to predict with any precision where end demand will be over the long term. If you're optimistic about the growth trend for the electric vehicle market, then Albemarle is a good stock to buy.
It's not an advanced materials company in itself, but IPG Photonics' fiber lasers are in demand by advanced materials processors. Fiber lasers are made of long optical fibers within which a beam is generated -- as opposed to traditional lasers, in which the beam is generated outside the system and directed into it using complex optics.
A shift by manufacturers from non-laser technology to laser technology -- laser systems make up just 18% of machine tools worldwide, according to IPG.
A transition among users from traditional lasers to fiber lasers, particularly in high-powered industrial end markets.
It's a compelling case and helps explain the 16% CAGR the company experienced from 2012 through 2016. Last year, revenue grew at a whopping 40%, and it expects revenue growth in the mid-teens for the next few years. The company's quarterly bookings were the highest in its history in Q1, and it looks set for even better days ahead.
All three stocks have exciting prospects that are somewhat reflected in their valuation multiples. Analyst forecasts have Albemarle and Hexcel growing EPS in the mid-13% range over the next couple of years with IPGP Photonics expected to grow at a slighter higher rate of mid-14%.
The valuations may look a little high right now, but (the price being equal) they will come down soon enough if all three companies meet their growth expectations. In other words, as long as the long-term growth story remains intact then these stocks have plenty of upside potential.
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0.942962 |
The history of Northwestern University can be traced back to a May 31, 1850, meeting of nine prominent Chicago businessmen who shared a desire to establish a university to serve the Northwest Territories. On January 28, 1851, the Illinois General Assembly granted a charter to the Trustees of the North Western University making it the first recognized university in Illinois.[a] While the original founders were devout Methodists and affiliated the university with Methodist Episcopal Church, they were committed to non-sectarian admissions.
John Evans purchased 379 acres (153 ha) of land along Lake Michigan in 1853 and Philo Judson began developing the plans for what would become the city of Evanston. The first building, Old College, opened on November 5, 1855. As a private university that had to raise funds for construction, Northwestern sold $100 "perpetual scholarships" that entitled the purchaser and his heirs to free tuition. Northwestern admitted its first female students in 1869.
Northwestern first fielded an intercollegiate football team in 1882, and later became a founding member of the Big Ten Conference. Northwestern became affiliated with professional schools of law, medicine, and dentistry throughout the Chicago area in the 1870s and 1880s. Enrollments grew through the 1890s, and under Henry Wade Rogers these new programs were integrated into a modern research university combining professional, graduate, and undergraduate programs, and emphasizing teaching along with research. The Association of American Universities invited Northwestern to become a member in 1917. Under Walter Dill Scott's presidency from 1920 to 1939, Northwestern began construction of an integrated campus in downtown Chicago designed by James Gamble Rogers to house the professional schools, the establishment of the Kellogg School of Management, as well as opening new buildings on the Evanston campus like Dyche Stadium and Deering Library. A proposal to merge Northwestern with the University of Chicago was considered in 1933, but rejected by Northwestern.
Like other American research universities, Northwestern was transformed by World War II. Franklyn B. Snyder lead the university from 1939 to 1949, and during the war nearly 50,000 military officers and personnel were trained on the Evanston and Chicago campuses. After the war surging enrollments under the G.I. Bill drove drastic expansion of both campuses. J. Roscoe Miller's tenure, from 1949 to 1970, was responsible for the expansion of the Evanston campus with the construction of the Lakefill on Lake Michigan, growth of the faculty and new academic programs, as well as polarizing Vietnam-era student protests. Tensions between the Evanston community and the university were strained throughout much of the post-war era given episodes of disruptive student activism, Northwestern's exemption from property tax obligations, as well as restrictions on the sale of alcohol near campus under the original charter although the latter ban was lifted in 1972.
As government support of universities declined in the 1970s and 1980s, President Arnold R. Weber oversaw the stabilization of university finances and revitalization of the campuses. As admissions to colleges and universities grew increasingly competitive throughout the 1990s and 2000s, Henry S. Bienen's tenure oversaw the increase in the number and quality of undergraduate applicants, continued expansion of the facilities and faculty, as well as renewed athletic competitiveness.
$100 Perpetual Scholarships granted free tuition to the purchaser and his inheritors.
In 1850, Chicago was only a 17-year-old city of 28,000 inhabitants that was increasingly becoming the center of trade for both steamships and railroads. The political and cultural environment of the mid-nineteenth century resulted in individual states granting charters to hundreds of small colleges rather than a few centralized national institutions as was typical in European countries. These colleges were highly sectarian and were motivated by the desire to both increase the quality of ministerial training as well as to discourage its young people from attending schools controlled by rival denominations. On May 31, 1850, John Evans, Grant Goodrich, Henry W. Clark, Andrew Brown, Orrington Lunt, Jabez Botsford, Richard Haney, Richard H. Blanchard, and Zodoc Hall met in a law office above a hardware store at 69 West Lake Street in Chicago and resolved that "the interests of sanctified learning require the immediate establishment of a university in the Northwest under the patronage of the Methodist Episcopal Church." While each of the founders had diverse educational, socioeconomic, and geographic backgrounds, they were all devout Methodists as well as successful and established businessmen, ministers, and lawyers within Chicago. Despite their evangelism, the founders were committed to the establishment of a non-sectarian institution reflecting both the worldly educational philosophy of the Methodist movement and the political realities of the Illinois state legislature adverse to chartering church-affiliated colleges.
Goodrich was adept in drafting the charter and lobbying legislators who shared his abolitionist views and the charter was passed during the first session of the General Assembly and signed by Governor Augustus French on January 28, 1851. Constituted as the "Trustees of the North Western University," the new institution was the first university in Illinois and consisted of the founders as well as representatives from the neighboring Methodist conferences.[a] Evans and Lunt initially each donated $5,000 to endow the university which permitted them to purchase 16 lots on the northeast corner of Jackson Boulevard and LaSalle Street for $8,000 as a potential site for the campus.
Fountain Square, Evanston, Illinois in 1876.
In 1853, the trustees elected Clark T. Hinman as the first president of the university and committed to raising $200,000. Hinman insisted that a university, rather than a preparatory school, be constructed first and that it should be built outside of Chicago. Following Hinman's recommendation, Lunt began to survey for land that was both north of the city and abutting railways for a new university in the areas of Jefferson Park and Ridgeville. Unable to find available land on the north shore up to Lake Forest, the committee was ready to purchase farmland to the west of the city when Orrington Lunt insisted on one final visit to the present location. A 360-acre (150 ha) parcel of dry, wooded bluffs overlooking Lake Michigan belonging to a Dr. John Foster (unrelated to Randolph S. Foster) was purchased by Evans for $25,000 in August 1853 as a site for the new campus. In 1855, the university charter was amended to declare that university property "shall be forever free from taxation for any kind and all purposes." The trustees aggressively used the property-tax-exempt status to purchase more of the surrounding farms and Northwestern land holdings grew as large as 680 acres (280 ha). In 1854, Philo Judson, Northwestern's business manager charged with surveying and plotting this real estate nicknamed the land "Evanston" in honor of founder John Evans. In 1857, the Illinois legislature changed the name of the village from Ridgeville to Evanston and it became an incorporated city in 1863. The university undertook a major development effort to drain the swamps, clear and grade the land, and donated or sold land to permit the construction of streets, parks, schools, waterworks, and churches. Between 1860 and 1870, Evanston's population had grown from 831 to 3,062.
Hinman was also a fervent supporter of the nascent university and raised over $63,000 from the sale of the perpetual scholarships. These scholarships, purchased in four installments of $25, entitled the purchaser and his male heirs (after the university became coeducational, female heirs were also recognized) to free tuition in perpetuity and were sold until 1867. The university also sold less-expensive limited term "transferable" scholarships guaranteeing a certain number of years of free tuition. While Northwestern still recognizes the scholarship, only one family member per generation is entitled to the scholarship and it must be specifically bequeathed to a descendant. Hinman's untimely death in October 1854 resulted in the ad interim appointment of Professor Henry S. Noyes as president until the 1856 election of Daniel Bonbright, a Professor of Latin, and 1857 election of Randolph S. Foster, a Professor of Theology. Noyes would also succeed Foster, and again serve as president between 1860 and 1869.
University Hall as it appeared in 1877.
Northwestern's first building, Old College, was designed by John M. Van Osdel and opened for classes on November 5, 1855. Despite the vacancy in the presidency and only possessing two faculty members, mathematics Professor Henry S. Noyes and Greek Professor William D. Godman, the first class enrolled 10 men in the College of Literature, Arts, and Sciences. Tuition for the first year was $45 annually and living expenses were $2.50 to $3 weekly. The progressive Methodist trustees also petitioned the Legislature to amend their charter so as to prohibit the sale of liquor within 4-mile (6.4 km) of campus under pain of a $25 fine. Among other early faculty members was Professor of Latin Daniel Bonbright who would remain an active teacher for 58 years. Four students received bachelor's degrees at the first commencement in 1859.
In the antebellum period, campus literary societies had sponsored debates on secession and slavery although the predominantly Methodist administration, faculty, and student body was staunchly abolitionist. Between 1861 and 1865, classes were curtailed by the Civil War; between 59 and 77 students and staff fought in the Union armies, 2 fought for the Confederacy, and seven ultimately died in the war. Despite the hostilities, Northwestern offered its first masters program (philosophy) beginning in 1863.
Sara Rebecca Roland (Class of 1874) was the first woman to graduate from Northwestern.
In 1869, the trustees voted to admit women to the university "under the same terms and conditions as young men" and Evanston resident, Rebecca Hoag, became the first female student to enroll. In 1873, the Evanston College for Ladies merged with Northwestern, increasing the enrollments of female undergraduates. Although, Sarah Rebecca Roland, class of 1874, was the first woman to graduate from Northwestern, Ada Kepley received a law degree in 1870 from the School of Law's predecessor, the Union College of Law. The university also established an alumni association in 1881.
The Evanston campus experienced dramatic growth during this era. University Hall, designed by Gurdon P. Randall, opened in 1869 both to replace the temporary Old College and to inaugurate President Erastus O. Haven. Memorial Hall opened at the Garrett Seminary in 1884, Dearborn Observatory opened in 1887, and Lunt Library opened in 1894.
Despite the growth of the Evanston campus, the trustees sought to establish professional and academic schools within Chicago. In 1870, the Chicago Medical College, located in the south side of Chicago, merged with a School of Medicine founded in 1859. An 1873 agreement merged the Union College of Law and the Old University of Chicago's Department of Law into a School of Law that opened in 1876. A College of Dental and Oral Surgery established was also established in 1886, but closed in 2001. A School of Pharmacy was established in 1886, but folded in 1916. The Conservatory of Music, founded in 1891, became a permanent department in 1895. A "Settlement Association" was formed in 1892 to do social work in Chicago. By 1890, Northwestern became the first Midwestern university admitted to Phi Beta Kappa and the first Ph.D.s were awarded (in chemistry and philosophy) in 1896.
Henry Wade Rogers served as President between 1890 and 1900, and was an ardent supporter of student athletics. By 1900, Northwestern had the third-highest student enrollment of any university in the nation. The Class of 1902 presented a drinking fountain, but what would later become The Rock, to the university as a senior gift. In 1903, President Theodore Roosevelt visited campus.
The university initially adopted black and gold as its official school colors in response to the growing popularity of intercollegiate athletics and the need to differentiate teams, but when it was discovered that several other schools had the same colors, these colors were quickly dropped in favor of royal purple and gold in 1879. In 1892, the official color became only purple in response to prestigious Eastern universities adopting single-color schemes as well.
In September 1860, a Milwaukee-bound steamship, the Lady Elgin, sank off the coast of the campus in stormy weather after colliding with a schooner. Despite being the second-deadliest accident on the Great Lakes, Edward Spencer '62 and other students from the Garrett Bible Institute were credited with rescuing dozens of passengers. Following a public outcry over life-saving facilities and transportation safety, in 1871, the federal government granted the university a lifeboat and later, in 1876, constructed a life-saving station, both of which were manned and operated by students, near the Grosse Point reef and lighthouse. By the time the Coast Guard assumed control of the station in 1916, it had remained the nation's only student-manned life-saving station; Northwestern students were credited with saving more than 400 people.
The Lifesaving Crew at their stations.
Northwestern was also home to several literary societies predating fraternal societies. The Adelphic, Hinman, and Ossoi societies published periodicals of essays, poems, and news items. These early periodicals were named The Evanstonian, The Academian, Tripod (1871–1880), and Vidette. In 1881, the Northwestern was published biweekly and ultimately evolved into the modern The Daily Northwestern newspaper. The Northwestern University Press Company published the Northwestern out of the Gymnasium building until the Press moved off-campus in 1888. By 1900, the student newspapers were published out of the basement of Old College, before they were moved to the attic of Memorial Hall in the 1920s. After World War II, the offices of the student newspaper moved frequently until Norris Hall was completed in 1972.
A Football Association was founded at Northwestern in October 1879, and the university played its first intercollegiate football game against Lake Forest College in 1882. The earliest games were played on the meadow where Deering Library now stands. In 1891, Knowlton L. Ames was appointed Northwestern's first football coach and work began constructing a stadium at the north end of campus that would be named Sheppard Field in honor of the University's business manager and lumber donor.
By 1892, football leagues began to be formed by Midwestern colleges and Northwestern. In 1895, Northwestern President Rogers joined with university presidents at the University of Chicago, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Illinois, and Purdue to develop regulations for intercollegiate athletics. A year later, the universities agreed to create Intercollegiate Conference of Faculty Representatives, later the Western Conference, before ultimately becoming known as the Big Ten Conference after Indiana and Iowa joined in 1899 and Ohio State University joined in 1912. The University of Chicago would ultimately withdraw from the conference in 1946, and would be replaced by Michigan State University. Northwestern won its first Big Ten football championship in 1903, although the sport was banned for two years beginning in 1905 following fan violence.
Men's basketball was introduced in 1901. Northwestern also had several athletics teams for women during this era including tennis, field hockey, and basketball teams.
The university continued its expansion through the first half of the 20th century; opening several new professional schools, expanding the residential life on the Evanston campus, and establishing a campus for the professional schools in downtown Chicago. Although the University's tax-exempt status came into dispute, a 1908 Illinois Supreme Court removed the tax threat to university property. The original Patten Gymnasium was opened in 1908 to replace its dilapidated predecessor and house the burgeoning athletic programs. In 1914, the North Quads were completed as a part of a $500,000 Fraternity/Men's Dormitory plan. The buildings, designed by Palmer, Hornbostel, and Jones were planned in quadrangles and would house seven fraternities and four residence halls. Harris Hall opened in 1915, opposite University Hall, to house the social sciences and the new department of political science. Dyche Stadium, Northwestern's fourth football stadium, was completed in 1926 and opened with a capacity of 47,000 seats. The Women's Quads were dedicated in 1926 with 2 residential halls and 14 sororities. The Western Episcopal Seminary buildings were opened in 1928, and merged with the Seabury Seminary in 1933 to form the Seabury-Western Theological Seminary.
Deering Library opened in 1933 and represented James Gamble Rogers' signature collegiate Gothic architectural style.
While Lunt Hall had served as the university's primary library since 1894, by the 1920s the continued expansion of the university and its academic offerings demanded a new repository space. Charles Deering bequested $1 million for a project of the University's choosing after his death in 1927. James Gamble Rogers, having completed the Chicago campus, was retained again to design an expanded library. The Deering Library opened in January 1933, featured Roger's trademark collegiate neo-Gothic style, and had space for 500,000 volumes.
The School of Commerce opened in 1908 in downtown Chicago under the leadership of economics professor Willard E. Hotchkiss. The school initially offered evening classes in accounting and business law before starting a bachelor of business administration program in 1912. The school became a founding member of the American Association of Collegiate Business Schools in 1917 and continued to formalize its curriculum over the next decade by introducing a full-time Bachelor of Science in Commerce on the Evanston campus, launching MBA and Ph.D. degrees, and establishing the second business research center in the nation.
The College of Liberal Arts began offering evening courses for teachers in 1903 on the Evanston campus and in 1933 the popularity of the program led to the foundation of an evening undergraduate program on the Chicago campus named University College.
The Medill School of Journalism was established in 1921 and named in honor of Chicago Tribune owner and editor Joseph Medill. The School of Education was founded in 1926. The Pharmacy school transferred to the University of Illinois in 1917. The Cumnock School of Oratory was renamed the School of Speech in 1921, and the theater department was merged into the same in 1926. The Northwestern University Press was opened in 1922.
In 1920, Walter Dill Scott was inaugurated as the first non-Methodist University president and presided over the launch of a $25.3 million fund-raising campaign. The campaign brought several major changes that significantly centralized the university under Scott's administration, including the dissolution of boards of trustees for each of the professional schools, the replacing school-based alumni groups with a general alumni association, and moving forward with plans to purchase land in the Streeterville neighborhood of downtown Chicago to create a campus for the professional schools. By the time Franklyn Snyder replaced Scott as President in 1939, Scott's 19 years in office was more than twice as long as any previous President's tenure. A long-standing campaign to build a student activity center was reinvigorated by the announcement of his retirement and the resulting building was named in his honor. Completed in 1940, Scott Hall was designed by Rogers and featured an auditorium, offices for student and alumni organizations, conference and social rooms, and apartments for university guests.
Homecoming became a regular fall event starting in 1911. "Go, U Northwestern" was written by Theodore Van Etten, a member of the university's marching band, and premiered during the final football game of the season in 1912. The first university student council was formed in 1914 and the first Waa-Mu show opened in 1929. Ken Huszagh was the first Northwestern athlete to participate in the Olympics, winning the bronze medal in the 100 meter freestyle and a silver in the 4 × 200 meter freestyle relay at the 1912 Summer Olympics. The athletic department adopted "Wildcats" as the moniker for Northwestern's athletic teams in 1924. The first NCAA men's basketball championship was held in Patten Gymnasium in 1939 where Oregon defeated Ohio State, 46–33. Northwestern won the first NCAA Fencing team championship in 1941.
The Montgomery Ward Memorial Building on the Chicago campus.
Northwestern's professional schools had been founded or affiliated with the university at various times in its history and consequently their facilities were scattered throughout Chicago. In connection with a 1917 master plan for a central Chicago campus and President Scott's capital campaign, 8.5 acres (3.4 ha) of land were purchased at the Corner of Chicago Avenue and Lake Shore Drive for $1.5 million in 1920. George McKinlock donated $250,000 to have the campus named in honor of his son, Alexander McKinlock Jr. who died in World War I, but his financial losses during the Great Depression prevented him from fulfilling his pledge, so the university forgave his debt and the name defaulted to the Chicago campus instead. James Gamble Rogers was given a commission to create a master plan for the major buildings on the new campus which he designed in a collegiate gothic style. In 1923, Mrs. Montgomery Ward donated $8 million to the campaign to fund the construction of the Montgomery Ward Memorial Building to house the medical and dental schools and create endowments for faculty chairs, research grants, scholarships, and building maintenance. The building would become the first skyscraper housing academic facilities in the United States. In addition to the Ward Building, Rogers designed Wieboldt Hall to house facilities for the School of Commerce and Levy Mayer Hall to house the School of Law. The new campus comprising these three new buildings were dedicated during a two-day-long ceremony in June 1927. The Chicago campus continued to expand with the addition of Thorn Hall in 1931 and Abbott Hall in 1939.
In 1933, Robert Maynard Hutchins, President of the University of Chicago, presented a proposal to Northwestern's Board of Trustees and President Scott to merge the two schools into an organization named the "Universities of Chicago". Motivated by financial difficulties of the Great Depression, both presidents envisioned the efficiencies to be achieved by merging the eighth-largest university in the nation by enrollments (Northwestern's approximately 14,000 students) with the 15th (Chicago's approximately 12,000 enrollments) and creating a three-campus system with graduate work based out of the Hyde Park campus, professional schools on Northwestern's newly opened Chicago campus, and undergraduate professional and liberal arts education on the Evanston campus. There were significant synergies to be achieved under the proposal, since Northwestern's poorly endowed Graduate School and School of Education would be assumed by Chicago's more prestigious programs while Chicago's unremarkable schools of law, commerce, and continuing education would be merged with Northwestern's more respected programs.
The initial proposal was so secret that the investigatory committee was titled the "Special Committee on an Important Problem" but by November 1933 the proposal had become public knowledge and created a strong backlash among Northwestern students, faculty, and alumni as well as members of the Evanston community. Opponents accused the University of Chicago of attempting to appropriate Northwestern's tax-free charter to avoid $300,000 in annual taxes, while an anonymous author promised a $25 million endowment on the condition that there be only one university in the Chicago area, while still other rumors purported that the merger was a plan for the city of Chicago to annex Evanston. However, a significant stumbling block concerned each university's respective medical schools which differed significantly in their respective approaches to teaching and research.
The concerted opposition by the medical school combined with the increasingly vocal concerns of the alumni, deans, and trustees as well as the untimely death of Melvin Taylor, who had led Northwestern's merger committee, caused both universities' boards of trustees to reject the proposal in February 1934. However, the resulting debates highlighted differences in philosophy regarding the scope and practice of undergraduate, graduate, and profession education, the relationship between teaching and research, the role of students, faculty, and alumni in determining a university's identity and mission, and a university's obligation to the city and nation. Despite the failure, both presidents supported the idea; Hutchins later lamented that the merger was "one of the lost opportunities of American education," while Scott wrote that the merger's failure was "a great regret to me."
The Technological Institute as seen in 1942, before the construction of the Lakefill.
The College of Engineering was initially founded in 1873 with a single degree program in engineering, but folded four years later due to a lack of funding. The program was re-opened in 1909, under the direction of the College of Liberal Arts and was housed in the Swift Hall of Engineering (given by Gustavus Swift) which also opened the same year. The program became an independent school in the mid-1920s and expanded significantly after Walter P. Murphy, a railroad entrepreneur, donated over $35 million in two separate bequests to build the Technological Institute and endow the school. The Technological Institute was designed by Holabird and Root and featured bas-reliefs designed by Edgar Miller "depicting man’s ongoing efforts to conquer nature" in Lannon stone. Construction required relocating the Phi Kappa Psi fraternity house and Dearborn Observatory and demolishing Patten Gymnasium, which had been designed by George Washington Maher. The gymnasium was rebuilt further north of the Technological Institute. When "Tech" was completed in 1942, it contained 350 rooms and 430,000 square feet (40,000 m2) housing laboratories, classrooms, and offices for the four engineering departments as well as the chemistry and physics departments.
In October 1916, Dr. Frederick A. Besley, a surgeon at the School of Medicine, began organizing a field hospital to support and assist the Allies in World War I. The doctors were drawn from Northwestern, Rush University Medical Center, the University of Illinois and nurses came from Cook County, Mercy, Augustana, and Evanston hospitals. The unit comprised 330 officers, doctors, nurses, and enlisted men and was officially titled the U.S. Army Base Hospital No. 12 (Chicago Unit) but was commonly known as the Northwestern University Base Hospital. The unit landed at Boulogne, France on June 11, 1917, to relieve the British Expeditionary Force's Base Hospital No. 18, making it the second U.S. hospital to reach France. Hospital No. 12 operated a 1,500 bed and is credited with treating 60,000 patients by the time it returned to the U.S. in April 1919. Two of the unit's commanding officers later became Surgeon General of the U.S. Army. 3,606 students served in World War I and 65 died by the 1918 armistice.
Navy ROTC (NROTC) was established on campus at the request of President Scott in 1926. The founding of the program coincided with the establishment of NROTC branches at Harvard, Yale, Georgia Tech, the University of California, and the University of Washington. Pacifists disrupted a NROTC parade in the mid-1930s to protest the collaboration of a civilian university with the military as well as militarism in general, foreshadowing the controversies that would erupt during the late 1960s over the military presence on-campus.
The United States Navy trained over 36,000 sailors at Northwestern during World War II.
Following the December 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor, Northwestern President Franklyn Bliss Snyder telegraphed President Franklin D. Roosevelt to volunteer the "entire resources of the University." The university admitted students who had finished three years of high school as well as instituting summer sessions to allow them to complete their degree requirements before the minimum draft age of 20. Notably, Northwestern switched its academic calendar from a semester to a quarter system to facilitate these changes and this quarter system persisted after the war into the present day.
During the war, Northwestern trained 49,725 military personnel through eleven training programs. The existing NROTC program proved to be a boon to the university as the War Department and Navy used Northwestern facilities to train 36,124 sailors over the course of the war, leading Northwestern to be called the "Annapolis of the Midwest." The programs included the Navy V-7 Naval Reserve Midshipman's School, V-5 Naval Aviation Preparatory Program, V-1 Accredited College Program, H-V(P) Medical and Dental Program, the V-12 Navy College Training Program, and training schools for cooks, bakers, and radio operators. The scale and importance of these programs led the Navy to cordon off the Lunt Building, Swift Hall, and Shanley Pavilion as well as taking over the dormitories and fraternities on the north campus. The Technological Institute housed training programs for the Radio School and V-12 Unit. The Army also established a signal corps training school on the Evanston campus and a civil affairs training school on the Chicago campus.
The Midshipmen's Training School was the largest of these programs and was established in the newly constructed Abbott Hall dormitory on the Chicago campus in 1940. This school graduated 25 classes of "90-day wonders" (a total of 26,750 ensigns) by the end of the war, including future President John F. Kennedy. Northwestern's medical and dental schools prepared 761 doctors and 478 dentists for Army and Navy service. Additionally, General Hospital No. 12 was reactivated by Drs. Michael L. Mason and J. Roscoe Miller in February 1942 and supported the North African campaign from December 1942 to December 1943 and Italian campaign until the September 1945. Northwestern medical personnel also supported Station Hospital No. 48 which served during the Guadalcanal Campaign.
Despite the extensive on-campus activity, enrollments plummeted from 19,691 in 1940 to 13,470 in 1944. In 1942, Snyder ordered that students of Japanese descent be barred from enrolling to comply with his interpretation of government internment policy, although this controversial decision was reversed after an outcry from the press and community. Over 11,000 alumni and 400 faculty and staff members fought in World War II and more than 300 died. 537 major decorations were awarded to Northwestern alumni, including two Medal of Honors awarded posthumously to John L. Jerstad and Walter E. Truemper.
As with other post-war American universities, Northwestern underwent a tremendous expansion to accommodate surging student enrollments. Over 28,000 applications were requested for the 1946 freshman class and by 1949, more than 9,000 students were enrolled on the Evanston campus alone. As early as January 1945, Northwestern had proposed between $17–28 million worth of new buildings in anticipation of post-war enrollments. Dozens of Quonset huts and other temporary structures were erected near Dyche Stadium, on the meadow in front of the Deering Library, and elsewhere on campus to house the influx of students returning to complete their educations under the G.I. Bill.
Northwestern celebrated its centennial in 1951, and was the occasion to launch an $8.25 million fund raising campaign to build Centennial Hall and Memorial Hall on the Evanston campus and an Evening Study Hall on the Chicago campus. The centennial year celebrations consisted of five formal convocations, six academic conferences, a two-day Centennial Jubilee organized by the city of Evanston, and many other events by groups of students, alumni, and learned societies.
In 1948, Melville J. Herskovits, a student of Franz Boas and founder of the University's anthropology department in 1928, launched the first major interdisciplinary program in African and African American studies, titled the Program of African Studies. In connection with this program, he aggressively expanded the existing Library of African Studies until his death in 1963. The library was named in his honor now possesses more than 285,000 volumes, 250 newspapers, and extensive collections of maps, posters, photographs, and other miscellaneous items that make this collection the largest in the world.
Between 1949 and 1974, over forty buildings were constructed or remodeled on the Evanston campus. Sargent Hall opened in 1950, Shepard Hall opened in 1952, Kresge Hall, Bobb Hall, and McCulloch Hall opened in 1955, Elder Hall was completed in 1959, Allison Hall in 1960, and Alice Millar Chapel was finished in 1964.
The first computer on campus was installed in Dearborn Observatory in 1949 and in 1950 a dedicated Computer Center opened featuring an IBM 650 mainframe computer.[dubious – discuss] A $2 million IBM 709 was installed in July 1961 in the Technological Institute for computing satellite orbits among other problems. The Vogelback Computing Center was the first building to open on the Lakefill campus in October 1964. Starting in 1970, Northwestern's Chess program won eight of the first ten North American Computer Chess Championships.
1957 - The Rock first painted by Daily Northwestern staffers.
1958 - The forerunner of Northwestern's TriQuarterly literary journal is started by English professor Edward Hungerford.
1961 - Searle Student Health Center opens.
1966 - Northwestern University Medical Center organized from seven hospitals affiliated with the university.
1969 - Graduate School of Management formed and undergraduate School of Business discontinued. Associated Student Government formed out of the Student Senate.
Northwestern received a bid to play in the 1949 Rose Bowl against California because Michigan, the Big 9 Conference[b] champion, was barred from going in successive years. The game was memorable on several counts. Cal had a perfect 10–0 record going into the game and had averaged 28 points per game over the course of the season while the Wildcats had a record of 8–2 for the season to finish 2nd place in the conference. Although neither team had faced each other before, Coach Pappy Waldorf had been the Wildcats' head coach from 1935 until he left for the Golden Bears in 1946. NU's Coach Voight, only 33 years old, had played under Waldorf and had been named an All-American in 1938. In the first quarter, Frank Aschenbrenner broke a Rose Bowl record when he ran for a 73-yard (67 m) touchdown although the game remained close through the third quarter. Finally, with three minutes left to play in the fourth quarter and down by one point, Northwestern launched an 88-yard (80 m) drive including a Statue of Liberty play for a 45-yard (41 m) touchdown run to defeat Cal 20–14.
While Evanston and Chicago did not have the most oppressive Jim Crow laws in the country, in the post-War era the university and surrounding community remained highly conservative and resistant to changes in traditional social practices. Although as many as five black students were admitted every year, they were excluded from on-campus housing until the 1947 establishment of the euphemistically titled "International House" opened for black women. For example, when future mayor of Evanston, Lorraine H. Morton attended Northwestern in the early 1940s, she was not allowed to live in on-campus accommodations and had to board in a private home nearby. Asbury Hall was purchased in 1949 to likewise house black men, but a group of progressive white students also moved in despite the wishes of Snyder's administration to keep the student housing segregated. Asbury would become a center for civil rights activism with its students organizing letter-writing campaigns to recruit more African American and Jewish American students to Northwestern despite the quotas imposed on these groups by the Admissions office.
In the fall of 1956, Sherman Wu, son of Taiwan governor K.C. Wu, was granted a bid to pledge at the Psi Upsilon fraternity but was dismissed after his fellow pledges threatened to quit on account of his race. The fraternity stood by the decision to dismiss Wu stating, "Having an Oriental in the house would degrade [the fraternity] in the eyes of other fraternities and make it more difficult to get dates from the sororities." Despite coming under increasing pressure after the story broke nationally, the administration asserted that it would not interfere with fraternities' selection processes. Wu received bids to pledge at two other fraternities, but it was not until the mid-1960s that racial and religious discrimination was outlawed in Greek organizations at Northwestern.
Between 1966 and 1968, Northwestern increased African American enrollments from less than 50 to 160. After the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. in April 1968, African American students on campus began expressing increasingly militant and separatist views demanding the administration increase recruitment activity and provide separate facilities for black students. After the university rejected their demands, on May 3, 1968, a group of 100 African American students identifying themselves as For Members Only and the Afro-American Student Union barricaded themselves the Bursar's Office and began a sit-in, demanding the university implement an admissions quota, increase financial aid, construct an all-black dorm and student center, create a Black Studies curriculum, and desegregate the university's real estate holdings in Evanston. In light of controversy surrounding the student protests at Columbia and Berkeley that spring, negotiations between Dean of Students Roland Hinz and AASU leader James Turner led to the sit-in dispersing peacefully after 38 hours. Although the administration rejected demands for racial preferences in admissions and financial aid, it made several concessions regarding desegregation, increasing student participation in policy matters, and developing a Department of African-American Studies.
In March 1969, an incident involving a group of black students raiding the Triangle Fraternity house, a response to racial harassment of a black female co-ed, resulted in subsequent university disciplinary action against the students and led to a hunger strike by the For Members Only group to protest the allegedly unequal punishment of the black students and tacit support of racism on campus.
Northwestern remained a staunchly conservative institution throughout its history and into the 1950s and 1960s; the University of Chicago often referred to its uptown rival as "Country Club U". A 1952 visit by Senator Joseph McCarthy was met by little protest and much acclaim from both the student body and faculty. However, Northwestern students became increasingly politically active and engaged in protests and strikes throughout the 1960s and 1970s. A chapter of Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) was founded in 1965. Demonstrations mainly stemmed from student opposition to the Vietnam War but also included protests against the draft, Navy ROTC, defense industry corporations, and the Nixon administration as well as supporting affirmative action, environmentalism, women's rights, and other instances of New Left social activism. Despite the size of the protests, the student body was split between professionally oriented and traditional student body and activists. Some fraternities were known to antagonize protesters by playing patriotic music and jeering them from their houses.
In addition to anti-war demonstrations, students also protested against the university's alleged complicity in the military industrial complex with regards to corporate and military recruitment on campus, military applications of research, and financial support by corporations and the military. Companies like Dow Chemical were targeted when they came on-campus to conduct interviews because of their involvement in the manufacture or research of war material and Navy ROTC activities were also frequent target of anti-war demonstrations.
After the Kent State shootings, the Northwestern student body and faculty senate voted to suspend classes starting May 6 and join a nationwide strike in protest of the Vietnam war and violence at Kent State. The student protesters demanded that campus security be disarmed, the university endowment divest itself from "war stocks", and Northwestern's NROTC program be stripped of academic credit and its facilities turned into a childcare center. Much to the consternation of Evanston residents, student protesters also erected a barricade at the major intersection of Sheridan Road and Chicago Avenue, both major thoroughfares in Evanston. A May 8 rally at Dyche Stadium that attracted approximately 5,000 students and community members prompted Evanston city officials to request activation of the National Guard, but this potential conflict was avoided after the Guard were diverted away from the stadium. The Rebecca Crown center, Vogelback computing center, and Lunt Hall (housing the NROTC program) were closed following disturbances by student protestors. On May 13, a group of at least 33 students vandalized the NROTC's headquarters, but this was the only violent episode of the strike. The strike ended and campus re-opened for class on May 13, the longest span of time Northwestern has ever been closed.
Miller was promoted from President to Chancellor in March 1969 in the midst of student and faculty protests. The post remained vacant for sixteen months until Robert Strotz, a member of the Economics faculty since 1947 and dean of the College of Arts and Sciences since 1966, was unanimously elected by the trustees to be President in July 1970. While Strotz's appointment was opposed by the Daily Northwestern and the Associated Student Government president owing to his positions opposing the closure of campus and politicization of university classes, he was supported by the faculty.
In 1972, students voted to change the name of the athletic teams from "Wildcats" to "Purple Haze," but alumni and athletic directors opposed the change.
A plan for a residential college system was proposed in the early 1970s in response to a 1969 faculty committee report recommending the creation of smaller intellectual communities. The first five residential colleges opened in 1972: Urban Studies, Philosophy and Religion, and three multi-thematic colleges Lindgren, Shepard, Willard. The Women's residential college opened in 1976, the Communications college in 1981, International Studies in 1981, Fine and Performing Arts in 1982, Commerce and Industry in 1984, and Public Affairs in 1992.
When Arnold R. Weber was elected president in 1985, the university not only was in the midst of a funding crisis after cuts in federal aid but was also suffering from diminished national prestige. In 1976, two years after he was tenured, Professor Arthur Butz published a Holocaust denial treatise titled The Hoax of the Twentieth Century. His controversial views highlighted the difficulties of balancing academic freedom of speech and the university's obligations to support tenured faculty, with the university's public image as Butz has been the subject of departmental censure, University press releases, and student and faculty petitions demanding his resignation. Northwestern also attracted controversy in 1991 for hiring former Weather Underground and FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitive Bernardine Dohrn as an adjunct faculty member in the Law School. The tension of this time period was only exacerbated when, in 1990, the Evanston City Council attempted to impose the nation's first tax on college tuition for students studying at colleges in the city (including Northwestern University, Kendall College, Garrett-Evangelical Theological Seminary, and Seabury-Western Theological Seminary) to cover a budget shortfall. The measure failed.
The Northwestern football team was ranked first during the first two weeks of the season in 1962 and finished second in the Big Ten in 1970 and 1971. Between September 15, 1979, and September 25, 1982, the Wildcats beat the previous NCAA record losing streak of 28 games by losing 34 games in a row.
1970 - University Library and Engelhart Hall built.
1971 - University's affirmative action program established.
1972 - Norris University Center, Francis Searle Building, Foster-Walker Complex completed. Wesley Memorial Hospital and Passavant Hospital merge to form Northwestern Memorial Hospital. First five residential colleges established.
1974 - Blomquist Recreation Center built. Football stadium gets artificial turf.
1975 - Pick-Staiger Concert Hall completed. First Dance Marathon.
1979 - Women's Basketball team wins its first Big Ten title.
1980 - Mary and Leigh Block Gallery opens. Women's Basketball team wins their second Big Ten title.
1987 - Jennifer D. Averill named the nation's outstanding hockey player. Northwestern University/Evanston Research Park begins operation. Henry Crown Sports Pavilion and Dellora A. and Lester J. Norris Aquatics Center open.
1990 - The Family Institute at Northwestern University signed an independent affiliation agreement. Sorority and fraternity run moved from new student week to the Winter quarter.
1991 - Wrestler Mike Funk becomes Northwestern's first 4-time All-American.
1992 - Charles Deering McCormick donates $10 million to establish endowed professorships that recognize outstanding teachers.
1993 - NUNet computer network installed.
David Protess launched the Medill Innocence Project in 1999, after he and students helped demonstrated the innocence of death row members.
The Rock was moved 30 feet (9 m) to the east as part of a beautification project in the plaza between Harris Hall and University Hall, but cracked after workers dug up its foundation.
In 1998, two former Northwestern basketball players, Kenneth Dion Lee and Dewey Williams, were charged and convicted for sports bribery. The players were part of a gambling ring and received money to fix three games against other Big 10 schools during the 1995 season. The football team became embroiled in a different betting scandal later that year when federal prosecutors indicted four former players for perjury related to betting on their own games. In August 2001, Rashidi Williams, a senior safety, collapsed and died during practice from an asthma attack. An autopsy revealed that he had ephedrine, a stimulant banned by the NCAA, in his system which prompted Northwestern to investigate the prevalence of stimulants and other banned substances across all of its athletic programs.
Henry S. Bienen, a political scientist and dean of Princeton University's Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, was elected president of Northwestern in June 1994.
1995 - Henry Bienen becomes University President. Northwestern ranks third in the nation in football, wins Big Ten, and loses to the University of Southern California in Rose Bowl.
1996 - Princess Diana visits Northwestern.
1997 - Football stadium restored to natural grass surface.
1998 - Professor John Pople is awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry.
2000 - May 31, Northwestern commemorates the founder's first meeting by dedicating a historical marker at the corner of Clark and Lake streets in Chicago's loop.
2002 - Northwestern moved its Master of Arts in Counseling Psychology program to The Family Institute at Northwestern University.
2004 - Oct. 2nd, Northwestern's football team defeats Ohio State 33-27 at home for the first time since 1958. The overtime win snapped Ohio State's dominance of 24 straight victories in the series (a streak which dated back to 1971).
2013 - Northwestern defeats Mississippi State 34-20 to win the Gator Bowl, their fifth consecutive bowl game and first bowl victory in 64 years.
2014 - President Barack Obama gives a seminal economics speech at the Evanston campus.
a. ^ Several institutions of higher learning, akin to preparatory schools, seminaries, finishing schools, or liberal arts colleges, were established in Illinois prior to Northwestern University's foundation in 1851: Lebanon Seminary in 1828, Illinois College in 1829, Knox Manual Labor College in 1837, Blackburn College in 1837, Illinois Conference Female Academy in 1846, Saint Francis Xavier Female Academy in 1846, Rockford Female Seminary in 1847, and Illinois Wesleyan Preparatory School in 1850. Other universities in Illinois were not established until the Illinois State Normal University was founded in 1857 and the University of Illinois in 1867.
b. ^ The University of Chicago dropped out of the Big Ten Conference in 1946, leaving only 9 conference members until Michigan State joined in 1953.
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This page was last edited on 25 April 2019, at 02:27 (UTC).
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This article is about the Mexican lightweight boxer. For the Mexican heavyweight boxer, see Humberto Soto (heavyweight boxer).
This name uses Spanish naming customs: the first or paternal family name is Soto and the second or maternal family name is Ochoa.
Armando Humberto Soto Ochoa (born May 11, 1980), best known as Humberto Soto, is a Mexican professional boxer. A veteran of the sport for over 20 years, he is a former world champion in two weight classes, having held the WBC super featherweight title from 2008 to 2009, and the WBC lightweight title from 2010 to 2011. Additionally, he held the WBC interim featherweight title from 2005 to 2006.
Soto made his pro debut at the age of 17 and accumulated a record of 36-5-2, which included a 14 fight undefeated streak, before challenging for his first major title.
On August 20, 2005, Soto won the interim WBC Featherweight title by beating Rocky Juarez, in a fight which he accepted on two weeks notice.
On January 17, 2006, Soto defended his interim title by knocking out Oscar León in the 9th round. He vacated his interim featherweight title and defeated Ivan Valle in a WBC Super Featherweight title eliminator bout.
On January 22, 2007, Soto defeated Humberto Toledo (30-2-2) by third-round knockout. In his next bout, he defeated Bobby Pacquiao by seventh-round knockout.
On November 17, 2007, Soto fought reigning WBO Super Featherweight champion Joan Guzmán but lost the bout by unanimous decision.
On November 17, 2007, Humberto Soto fought WBO Junior-Welterweight champion Joan Guzman. The Dominican champion dominated the fight based on his speed of hands, reflexes, and superior boxing skills, effectively counter punching the relentless attack of Soto, who showcased tremendous strength, courage and determination. Guzman won the bout by Unanimous Decision.
On June 28, 2008, Soto faced off against Francisco Lorenzo (33-4, 14 KOs) for the vacant interim WBC Super Featherweight title. Soto knocked Lorenzo down twice in the fourth round with a barrage of punches. However, after lengthy consultations with officials at ringside, referee Joe Cortez disqualified Soto for hitting Lorenzo after he was down in what appeared to be a grazing punch. Cortez's decision was widely criticized and the WBC refused to award Lorenzo the title.
WBC president José Sulaimán condemned the decision as a "gross injustice" and one of the biggest he has seen in a long time. Sulaiman also announced that the WBC board of governors will vote on whether to declare the fight a no contest or to declare Soto the winner by knockout. Lorenzo, therefore, was not presented the green WBC belt as its champion, since it, though, opted to ignore the official verdict, and declared the title vacant. Sulaiman stated he wasn’t seeking to overrule the decision, but: "While we respect the authority of the (Nevada commission) for a decision of the fight, we are the only ones to have the authority to decide on the decision relating to the WBC world title."
On October 11, 2008, Soto defeated Gamaliel Díaz to win the interim WBC Super Featherweight title by technical knock out. Soto knocked Diaz down in the first round and dominated him throughout the bout. Diaz was docked two points for excessive holding and his corner refused to send him out for the eleventh round.
On December 20, 2008, Soto captured the vacant WBC Super Featherweight Championship with a 12-round unanimous decision over Francisco Lorenzo in a rematch of their controversial bout. Lorenzo was repeatedly warned for low-blows and headbutting throughout the bout. Lorenzo was docked one point in the 7th round for headbutting and another in the 8th for excessive holding. The final scores were 117-109 from two of the judges and 118-108 on the other card in favor of Soto.
In 2009, Soto successfully defended his WBC Super Featherweight title 3 times. On December 12, 2009, Soto moved up to the lightweight division and defeated former two-time champion Jesús Chávez by a 10-round unanimous decision.
On March 13, 2010, Soto claimed the WBC Lightweight Championship by defeating David Diaz. Soto dropped Diaz in the opening and final rounds en route to a unanimous decision victory.
On May 15, 2010, Soto made his first title defense against Ricardo Dominguez. Soto won the fight with a 12-round unanimous decision with the judges scoring the fight, 118-110 on two of the scorecards and 117-112 on the other one for Soto.
The lost interest in Saturday's fight card resulting from a canceled main event did not apply to Soto and Urbano Antillon, who staged a stirring world lightweight title bout at the Honda Center. Soto, relying on his ability to strike the challenger with barrages, made his third successful title defense by outlasting Maywood's Antillon in a close unanimous decision.
In July 2011 Soto relinquished his WBC Lightweight Title in anticipation of competing in the junior welterweight division.
A bout between hard-hitting Argentinian junior welterweight Lucas Matthysse and Soto has been confirmed for late April. Soto is riding a 14-bout winning streak that includes six knockouts.
On June 23, 2012 Humberto Soto faced hard-hitting Argentinian junior welterweight Lucas Matthysse. Matthysse dropped Soto in the fifth round. Soto's corner stopped the bout between the rounds.
77 Loss 65–9–2 (1) Antonio Orozco UD 10 Oct 3, 2015 StubHub Center, Carson, California, U.S.
49 Win 41–5–2 (1) Bobby Pacquiao KO 7 (10), 1:48 Jun 9, 2007 Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
48 Win 40–5–2 (1) Humberto Toledo TKO 3 (12), 1:50 Feb 22, 2007 Mountaineer Casino Racetrack and Resort, Chester, West Virginia, U.S.
47 Win 39–5–2 (1) Ivan Valle TKO 4 (12), 0:48 Aug 12, 2006 Thomas & Mack Center, Paradise, Nevada, U.S.
40 Win 33–5–2 Wilson Alcorro TKO 6 (10), 1:23 May 28, 2004 Congress Theater, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
39 Win 32–5–2 Manny Rivero KO 1 (10) Apr 30, 2004 Isleta Resort & Casino, Albuquerque, New Mexico, U.S.
37 Win 30–5–2 James Baker UD 10 Dec 12, 2003 Edgewater Hotel and Casino, Laughlin, Nevada, U.S.
36 Win 29–5–2 Luís Fuente UD 10 Sep 12, 2003 The Orleans, Paradise, Nevada, U.S.
34 Win 27–5–2 Armando Cordoba UD 10 Jun 27, 2003 The Orleans, Paradise, Nevada, U.S.
32 Win 25–5–2 César Figueroa TKO 7 (10), 2:36 Feb 28, 2003 The Orleans, Paradise, Nevada, U.S.
27 Win 21–4–2 Marco Angel Pérez TKO 3 (8), 1:16 May 17, 2002 The Orleans, Paradise, Nevada, U.S.
26 Win 20–4–2 Mark Burse MD 10 Apr 26, 2002 Spa Resort Casino, Palm Springs, California, U.S.
^ "WBC BOARD OF GOVERNORS TO DECIDE ON SOTO-LORENZO FIGHT". philboxing.com.
^ "Luevano retains crown with split draw; DQ costs Soto". ESPN.com.
^ "SecondsOut Boxing News - USA Boxing News - Luevano Held To Draw, Soto Shock, Barrett Wins". SecondsOut Boxing News.
^ "Who's sorry now?". Yahoo Sports.
^ Lance Pugmire (2010-12-04). "Humberto Soto retains world lightweight title with unanimous decision over Urbano Antillon - Los Angeles Times". Articles.latimes.com. Retrieved 2012-08-13.
^ "Soto gives up WBC 135lb title". Fightnews.com. 2011-07-01. Archived from the original on 2012-09-27. Retrieved 2012-08-13.
^ Satterfield, Lem (2012-01-28). "Lem's latest: Schaefer anticipated four-man tournament; Khan moves on? - Next | RingTV". Ringtv.craveonline.com. Archived from the original on 2012-02-02. Retrieved 2012-08-13.
This page was last edited on 27 February 2019, at 17:18 (UTC).
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Why are my cats peeing everywhere?
I have four cats. Three are male and one is a female. Two males are fixed and one male and the female are not. They have grown up together.
For a short period the two males were separated from the unfixed male and female. I have brought them back together. It's been a month now and they all are peeing right outside the litter box and they occasionally poop outside the litter box.
I clean the cat box regularly and I’ve sprayed vinegar and other agents to delete the odor but no matter what I do, they continue to pee right outside the cat box. Does any one know why?
They have previously never done this. The female is the mother to the unfixed male and the female and one of the fixed males are siblings.
My thoughts: I'm sorry to hear your cats are having troubles. I'm assuming all cats have been health checked. If one or more cats is sick and triggered the domino effect, you'll need to address the health issue.
That said, cats are very territorial, and they need to work out the hierarchy. Sometimes when cats are separated for a time, it's necessary to do a "reset." Keep them in separate areas of the house and then reintroduce them slowly.
If these were my cats, I'd try splitting them up into two groups for a time, and following this cat-to-cat introduction process.
I'd also like to have multiple litter boxes for four cats (ideally, five litter boxes). The litter box might seem too crowded to them now, or one or more of them might be box guarding. Getting everyone fixed will likely help with territorial related issues as well.
The moral to the story is, if your cats are away from each for a time and bringing them back together quickly causes problems, divide them up again and slow things down.
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Foot pain can lead to severe problems in your knee: Yes, this might sound strange, but it is the absolute truth. Years of experience and case studies have proved that any pain in the foot area that persists for quite sometime, can lead to a severe problem in the knee, which might affect the hip and the back too. If you have been suffering from a nagging pain in your foot and have developed a dragging style of walking, beware! This is a sign of inviting trouble to your knee. Do seek help from any specialist to get early diagnosis and treatment to avoid any severe problems.
Foot pain is a signal to let you know that there could be other problems in your body: If you suddenly notice that your feet hurt even when you simply stand up or you have a problem in walking properly due to slight pain in your feet, it is certainly time to take notice and seek medical advice. Many a times, foot ache is a signal sent by your brain to your body that there is something wrong with your entire system.
Prolonged foot pain can often mean body has started to develop stagnancy in the feet area: This means that with very long periods of pain in the foot area, there might develop a problem in the coordination of the brain and the development of new cells in the area. In such cases, no new cells are formed in the region of pain and this leads to more trouble, which can only be solved by a specialized doctor or a podiatrist.
Acute pain in the foot can be due to tiny fractures that often occur due to extreme pressure on particular spots : If you have been suffering from foot ache for more than two to three days, remember that this means you need immediate medical attention. Faulty body postures that pressurize particular areas in your foot can cause such problems like tiny fractures.
Severe foot pain can cause you to limp: Due to constant pain in your foot you might start limping. This can in due course, cause many problems and complications in your body like there could be lack of proper blood circulation, or your feet are too burdened due to extreme pressure and no rest, could be that your feet are not able to take the burden of your body weight or there could be any other problem which might need proper medication. If you happen to limp even after sitting in any particular position for long, or even after you get up from sleep, it is certainly time to take a call and visit your doctor.
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What are the best indoor plants in Kenya?
What an interesting question! I don't know what indoor plants are grown for the Kenyan market, but I would guess they're quite similar to what's grown for the European market, which are quite similar to the plants in the States. The most critical factor to consider when choosing plants for your home is light. I have a short video on YouTube that should help you with that: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hv7-3p-nqMM&feature=plcp..The next thing to consider is the size you need. After you answer these two questions, find your local suppliers, a nursery or plant store or whoever, and see what they have available that fits your requirements. Good luck with your search. I'd love to know what you find.
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For the emperor, see George, Emperor of Trebizond.
George of Trebizond (Greek: Γεώργιος Τραπεζούντιος; 1395–1486) was a Greek philosopher, scholar and humanist.
He was born on the Greek island of Crete (then a Venetian colony known as the Kingdom of Candia), and derived his surname Trapezuntius from the fact that his ancestors were from the Byzantine Greek Trapezuntine Empire.
At what period he went to Italy is not certain; according to some accounts he was summoned to Venice about 1430 to act as amanuensis to Francesco Barbaro, who appears to have already made his acquaintance; according to others he did not visit Italy till the time of the Council of Florence (1438–1439).
He learned Latin from Vittorino da Feltre, and made such rapid progress that in three years he was able to teach Latin literature and rhetoric. His reputation as a teacher and a translator of Aristotle was very great, and he was selected as secretary by Pope Nicholas V, an ardent Aristotelian. The needless bitterness of his attacks upon Plato (in the Comparatio Aristotelis et Platonis of 1458, described by historian James Hankins as "one of the most remarkable mixtures of learning and lunacy ever penned"), which drew forth a powerful response from Basilios Bessarion (In calumniatorem Platonis, printed in 1469) and the manifestly hurried and inaccurate character of his translations of Plato, Aristotle and other classical authors, combined to ruin his fame as a scholar, and to endanger his position as a teacher of philosophy. (Pope Pius II was among the critics of George's translations.) The indignation against George on account of his first-named work was so great that he would probably have been compelled to leave Italy had not Alfonso V of Aragon given him protection at the court of Naples.
He subsequently returned to Rome, where in 1471 he published a very successful Latin grammar based on the work of another Greek grammarian of Latin, Priscian. Additionally an earlier work on Greek rhetorical principles garnered him wide recognition, even from his former critics who admitted his brilliance and scholarship. He died in great poverty in 1486 in Rome.
Page from Book X of George of Trebizond's Commentary on the Almagest. On the left, is a model of the planet Mercury, showing its closest approach to the earth; on the right, is information about Mercury and the beginning of his commentary on the planet Venus.
For a complete list of his numerous works, consisting of translations from Greek into Latin (Plato, Aristotle and the Fathers) and original essays in Greek (chiefly theological) and Latin (grammatical and rhetorical), see Fabricius, Bibliotheca Graeca (ed. Harles), xii.
^ Hanegraaff, Wouter (2012). Esotericism and the Academy: Rejected Knowledge in Western Culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 79. ISBN 9780521196215.
Article by C. F. Behr in Ersch and Gruber's Allgemeine Enzyklopadie.
Reject Aeneas, Accept Pius: Selected Letters of Aeneas Sylvius Piccolomini (Pope Pius II), ed. and tr. T. M. Izbicki, G. Christianson and P. Krey (Washington, DC, 2006), letter no. 61.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "George of Trebizond" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Matthew DeCoursey, 'Continental European Rhetoricians, 1400–1600, and Their Influence in Renaissance England', British Rhetoricians and Logicians, 1500–1660, First Series, DLB 236, Detroit: Gale, 2001, pp. 309–43.
John Monfasani, George of Trebizond. A biography and a study of his rhetoric and logic, Leiden, Brill, 1976.
John Monfasani, ed., Collectanea Trapezuntiana. Texts, Documents, and Bibliographies of George of Trebizond, Binghamton, NY: RSA, 1984.
Lucia Calboli Montefusco, "Ciceronian and Hermogenean Influences on George of Trebizond's Rhetoricorum Libri V," Rhetorica 26.2 (2008): 139–164.
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Why do they dislike having final stages that can change the race placings? Pretty much everyone on here thinks the 1989 TDF finish was one of the most exciting and amazing ever. I've never heard of anyone who didn't think the final placings coming down to the final day was super exciting. So why have none of them ever done it again? Why is the final stage almost a "waste stage"?
I don't know for sure but maybe they like the ceremonial aspect of it.
Because the 1989 TdF was essentially neck-and-neck with Fignon and Lemond. Most times, by the end of a long stage race, the winner is usually several minutes up on the next closest guy, and it would be extremely hard/impossible to make up, unless something went very wrong for the guy in 1st place.
I'm sure if Ulrich was say, 20 seconds down on Lance coming into the final stage of a TdF, he would be trying to win.
I believe that Ullrich said he would do exactly that, before the final Time Trial in the 2003 Tour de France. Unfortunately for him he crashed in the Time Trial, and lost his chance to gain time on Armstrong.
Is that the one where Lance had a bout of dehydration?
Amongst other things, yes. The one where it wasn't sure that he'd win until the final Time Trial. The most exciting of his Tour victories.
Don't forget, grand tours are just as much about tourism as they are about bike racing. Having the final stage roll up main street in Paris or Milan is a great show, but a logistical headache. The spectacle draws tourists and ensures publicity. Blocking off the city for a time trial, which takes all day, isn't necessary - you'd want the race to be as quick and predictable as possible.
From an event planner's point of view, the mountain stages are for the hard-core fans who travel to ski resorts in summertime just to see the race, and the ceremonial city-finish stage is to bring the race (and sponsors) to people who've never seen a bike race before.
there are three weeks to win a GT.
The final stage is a celebration.
What annoys me is that the not-Grand Tours also see no real racing on the last day.
Georgia and California are the best examples I can offer. When Floyd was 4 seconds behind Tom D in 2005, they just rode into Alpharetta with nary an attack as if it's some unwritten code. And maybe it IS an unwritten code in the Grant Tours. But in the 6 day specials, that's boring.
close. it was the same tour, but the dehydration episode was in the first TT (which ulrich dominated). the last TT was the one in the rain, where ulrich crashed. lance didnt win that stage, but rode cautiously to preserve the yellow jersey.
Most grand tours seem to have a climactic TT as the second to last stage, which basically has the same potential for drama as the '89 tour since the GC is traditionally not contested on the last day.
Georgia and California are the best examples I can offer..
2007 tour of california result was a disgrace.
See the Eneco tour last year from some last day antics. I believe that was the one where Georgie got bumped off.
Typically the final stage is set in a major city for several reasons so it has to be a sprint finish or perhaps an ITT. If it is a sprint stage then the GC riders are at a major disadvantage as GC riders aren't sprinters and the sprinters want to win the stage. Armstrong and Ullrich were never going to beat McEwen or other sprinters for the stage. At some point they'd be racing for the same time as everyone else. However, I think the bigger issue is that sprint finishes are dangerous and the GC riders don't want to crash out on the final day racing for sprint bonuses. Crashing out the GC leader is considered really bad form and would be even worse on the final stage. If the final stage is sprint it is okay for it to be ceremonial.
As for why the final stages are held in major cities, look at the TdF. The TdF brings too many fans, officials, dignitaries, press and the teams themselves to house in any small city's hotel accommodations. The finale brings too many big wigs (government officials, cycling big shots, and the like) who are not going to sleep in their cars (like some of the fans on the mountain stages if hotel rooms are short). In Paris the government guys sleep at home. In the TdC they need hotels. Only a big city has the kind of hotel room that such a race needs. In addition, the finales of most stage races has large press coverage. The telecommunication needs of a really large press pool demand a big city. The simple logistics of the finale of major races demand a large city.
Sprint finishes are preferable to ITTs in major cities for a couple of reasons but mostly because ITTs take a lot of time and block traffic along the route for hours. Conversely, a stage race passes through and the course is opened up to cars. It must be noted however, that many of these final stages are circuit courses that use a small section of the city and have minimal impact on the rest of the traffic in the city. Circuit courses are also more exciting for fans, especially casual fans, to watch as the peleton comes by multiple times. They focus the races negative impacts on a smaller section of the city than a road or ITT course would.
Great post Trevor. What he said!
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Pick up any success book, read posts from success blogs like this one, or talk to anyone that has become successful in anything, and a common theme that you will read and hear is that you need to set goals! You should set short term, medium, and long term goals to help you achieve the success that you want. There are essential pieces of the goal-setting puzzle that many people miss. I will explain what these pieces of the puzzle are and they can help you to set and achieve your personal goals. In addition, I will explain how a critical question or self observation can direct you on whether or not your goal is a solid one.
The goals that you set for yourself to achieve any level of success should comprise of at least three types: A short term, medium, and long term goal. Short term goals are the daily goals that you set for yourself. These are the goals that you should be thinking of when you first wake up in the morning and as your head hits the pillow at night. These goals are the daily habits that you do in your life on a consistent, everyday basis. Each day that you go out into the world, you should be expecting to achieve that one daily goal.
Medium sized goals are those goals that you have where you can track them on a weekly, monthly, or quarterly basis. They are the goals that you will accomplish by continuing to meet your short term or daily goals. The daily goals will lead to your weekly, monthly or quarterly goal.
Finally, long term goals are those goals that you can evaluate yearly. Again, the short term and medium goals consistently attained will lead to your overall long term goal for your life. For example, perhaps you are looking to retire early; within the next 1-2 years. You have a business vehicle that will allow you to accomplish that with the right amount of work and effort. Your daily goals may be to network with people on a daily basis and ask or show them how they can be a part of your business team. Maybe it is selling some products on a daily basis. By being consistent and networking or selling a product everyday, you will then be able to meet your medium goal which may be to have a certain amount of people in your business network or a particular monthly sales goal. If you are consistently hitting your medium goals, then over a period of a year or two, you will achieve your long term goal of retiring early! Do you see how this all falls into place? That is why goal setting is crucial to your success. Setting goals helps to steer all of your thoughts and activities into productivity. It is like having GPS for your life. You can follow your daily, weekly/monthly, and yearly goals to direct you where you want to be.
One of the pieces of the puzzle that most people miss are setting proper goals. When I say proper goals, I am not saying that one goal is better than the other, you have to decide that for yourself. What I am saying is that the goals that you set for yourself (short, medium, long) should be attainable with some good effort. There is nothing that will throw you off track quicker in goal setting than to set goals that are just too unrealistic. From the previous example, if you have never networked or sold a product for your business, but you set your goal to meet 10 people per day, you will probably become very frustrated a couple of days into the pursuit of your goal. If you don't hit your daily goal for 3-4 days, you end up not even trying anymore because it just is not realistic for you to meet that many people right away. So make sure that your goals are far enough out that you need to put in some good, honest work to hit them, but that they are attainable. If you find that the goals that you set are too easy or too hard, you can always go back and adjust them. Just set the goals!!
The second piece of the puzzle is a question or observation that you should make about yourself, and that is: Are your goals forcing you to change? A goal is effective only if it forces you to change. Goals should cause you to stretch and get out of your comfort zones. It will be difficult for you to hit goals without some kind of change on your end. Let the goals help you to become more than you thought that you could be and change for the better! Setting goals and changing can both be scary. However, both are necessary for you to move forward in your life and achieve your personal goals.
Set your goals now! Develop short, medium and long term goals for your life and begin to consistently work toward achieving each of them. You may not hit your goals the first time you set them, but that is okay. For me personally, there are many goals in which I did not accomplish on my first attempt. However, I simply re-set them again and worked hard and consistently until I achieved them. In fact, there are still some goals that I am working on as I write this, but isn't that what makes life exciting?
Are you looking to live an extraordinary life? Most people want to live a life of significance and happiness in a world that celebrates average and mediocrity. Today, we live in a culture where people will criticize you for having a dream and a desire to get more out of life. Living a life of significance and happiness will make lazy, non-motivated people jealous because you want or are doing something that matters instead of doing nothing and blending in with everyone else. Are you ready to take the next step in your life and start living an extraordinary one?
1. Vision: Everything starts with vision! You must see beyond where you currently are in order to live the extraordinary life that you want. It is important to know where you want to go so that you can begin to work and apply daily habits to help you move towards that goal. Those that do not have vision of where they want to go will never get there! It is like being on a rudderless ship, you will be tossed around by the waves, never really going anywhere. Take the time and develop a vision for your life.
2. Have a plan: A plan is essential for you to be able to achieve your vision. If you fail to plan, you plan to fail. If are struggling to develop a plan, see if you can find someone to help you or mentor you. There are tons of resources out there, think outside the box!
3. Risk: To live an extraordinary life, risk is always involved. People may try to steal your dreams, even if they are well meaning. You have to take a leap of faith at times and just follow your heart in order to accomplish your vision and goals. Don't let others talk you out of becoming extraordinary!
4. Discipline/Schedule: Develop daily habits that will enable you to move forward towards your vision and goals and stick with them. This is not always easy because sometimes you may not feel like doing what you know that you should do. However, it is just as easy to do what you don't want to do as it is to not take action at all. Be consistent with your daily actions and work your plan.
5. Passion: If you are going to live an extraordinary life, you need to have some passion about you. Your goals and vision should be a dominating thought. Tune out all of the white noise around you like the news, etc. If it will not help you get closer to your goals, do you really need it? Remember this: Garbage in – garbage out. What you put in your mind will come out, so be careful what you watch and listen to!
6. Have a definite purpose: Empower and raise other people up. Do something that will outlive you and enrich the lives of others. Live with no regrets and give it all you have!
You were created for greatness and you have what it takes to make an impact in the world! Living an extraordinary life is more than just trading hours for dollars and living your life inside of a bubble. Step outside of your bubble and make the world a better place to live with your vision; your extraordinary life.
Are you ready to start living out your extraordinary life? Do you want to make an impact and make a difference in your life and the lives of others? If so, click here and join the movement!
5 secrets to stand out and rise above the crowd!
If you are a young professional in Corporate America, or you are an aspiring Entrepreneur who is looking to make connections and build or join a business team, standing out form the crowd is important. What sets you apart from everyone else and how can you show it? Why would someone want you to join their company or business? Obviously there are a lot of factors that play into if a job or business is the right fit, such as personality, overall business/career goals, and mission of the company or business. Since I have had the privilege of mentoring many young, ambitious individuals on our business team for several years, I have outlined some qualities or traits that I look for in someone that will help you to raise your head above the crowd.
1. Take initiative: Ask questions, seek answers and mentorship. As much of a tech savy world we live in, you must be willing to go out and find the information. My mother always says that you don't need to know everything, you just need to know where to find it! Be resourseful and you will stand out.
2. Have a PMA: A Positive Mental Attitude (PMA) is looking at things with a glass-half-full mentality. Let's face it, things don't always go our way, but it is how we respond that really determines whether or not we have a positive or negative attitude. I had a day not long ago that could have really sent me over the edge of negativity. In the morning I got a flat tire on the highway during rush hour traffic. After pulling over and taking out my spare tire, I realized that I did not have a jack in my trunk! 1 hour later the Road Ranger came and changed my tire. Later on that same day, I got ticketed for not wearing a seat belt as I pulled out of a parking lot. I had reached down to get something and was going to put it back on but it was too late! Ticket! That day I refused to let myself have a pity party; it was still going to be a great day and I made it so! It was all about my attitude. Do you have a PMA even when things don't go well?
3. Have Goals: Know where you want to go and what you are willing to do to get there. Have you ever spoken to someone who had no goals? What a dull and boring conversation it is! Nobody wants to work with or hire a person who does not have any idea of what they want or where they want to go in life. Goals give you life! Goals give you the reason to get up and get out in the morning. You have to be willing to pay the price to achieve your goals. Success in anything does not come easy nor over night. Be willing to fight for your goals and dreams and do what it takes to achieve them- legally of course!
4. Be open to taking risks and keep an open mind: Don't be so critical about everything that you miss opportunities and chances to excel. I have seen many individuals that I have shared my business with be so analytical and overly critical that they don't even see the opportunity for what it is…an opportunity! No one will want to work with you if all you do is find the negative in everything and are not willing to take a risk or have an open mind. After all, part of success is taking a chance or risk in the first place. If you are not willing to change, then you will not be able to grow professionally or in business in order to achieve your goals.
5. Be a Go-Getter: Have a can-do attitude about everything, even if you don't now how to do something or don't have the experience. A prospective employer or business partner will want to know that you are willing to learn and/or overcome obstacles along the way. Don't give excuses on why you can't do something, figure it out, and if you can't, ask for help. This is part of having a PMA.
These are some of the major qualities that will help you to stand out from the rest of your peers. As always, there are exceptions, but if you adopt these traits and thought processes, you will attract great people and stand out that will help you advance in your business or career.
I invite you to join our winning team and learn how you can make money!! Click here to request more information and let us know how you stand out from the crowd!
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Two of the high towers in the Barbican housing estate.
If you find yourself in London and want to spend a few hours immersing yourself in one of London's more controversial building projects, make your way to the Barbican complex. Often voted London's ugliest, does the Barbican really deserve the title? Buy tickets to the guided tour of the architecture in the Barbican complex and decide for yourself!
Text: Mallory Petersen Chamberlain, web editor at KOTE. Photos: Mallory Petersen Chamberlain & Åsmund Holien Mo.
The Barbican complex, designed by architects Chamberlin, Powell and Bon and built over several decades in London. The project was designed to function as a microcosm within the city, offering housing and commerce, as well as social, cultural and public functions. While often cited as an example of brutalist architecture, the Barbican complex contains a number of elements that suggest something closer to an amalgamation of genres. Also contained within its walls are pre-existing elements such as the medieval church, St Giles-without-Cripplegate.
A high tower in silhouette.
The scope and scale of the project are both enormous, due in large part to the history of the site; after extensive bombing during World War II the area was razed to the ground, making it available for development.
Curved lines complement and ground the vertical lines of the high towers.
The Barbican housing estate was the first part of the project to reach completion, officially opening in 1969. There are roughly 4000 people living in the Barbican housing estate today. During the 1980s when then Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher enacted the ‘right-to-buy’ scheme, many of the residents were able to buy their flats with a significant discount. Today nearly all of the housing in the Barbican complex is privately owned, with prices reflecting this; the average for a flat in one of the high towers is around the £1,000,000 mark. The housing estate comprises a broad variety of building typologies such as high rise tower blocks, terrace blocks, mews and townhouses. The diversity of housing plays a part in why the three high rise towers feel integrated rather than isolated in the landscape. While their scale is massive, they remain grounded by the cohesive buildings around them and connected to shared walkways and outdoor spaces.
A high tower in the housing estate seen from a section of flats.
The Barbican centre aims to fill all of your cultural needs. It boasts a cinema, a theatre, a concert hall which is home to the London Symphony Orchestra and the BBC Symphony orchestra, an art gallery, a library, exhibition halls, conference halls and restaurants. It also has a conservatory wrapped around the theatre’s fly tower. If you enjoy botanical gardens, the conservatory is the place for you. If you are more interested in landscape design, make your way outside to the lake and adjacent terrace.
The artificial lake with terrace flats above.
Why you should go: do you like architecture? The Barbican complex has plenty of it. The guides are knowledgeable and point out genuinely interesting tidbits during the tour, as well as giving you access to areas normally closed to the public.
Details such as light fixtures and window frames were all custom designed for this project. The textured concrete walls were hand-drilled on the exterior and interior surfaces.
What if you’re more into landscape architecture? The greenery in the Barbican complex is beautiful. And it’s everywhere! Elements of the landscape design are reminiscent of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon and they were one of the seven ancient wonders of the world so you know it has to be good. It really is stunning.
Detailed brickwork on the floor of the conservatory.
The visible concrete structure is the fly tower of the Barbican theatre.
What about fans of city planning and development? Have you been following the car-free argument at all? Do you want to see what an urban space with no cars looks like in real life? If you’re answering yes to these questions, get yourself to the Barbican complex. It is a great example of what happens when designers program their space for a specific pattern of movement and usage, but don’t entirely succeed, because people will not be told how to move. Most first-time visitors approach the Barbican by walking along the B100 under it. This space was intended for cars, but since the intended elevated walkways for pedestrians are not accessible in any kind of intuitive way, many find themselves in a dark, noisy and dusty tunnel before arriving at the Barbican complex.
Looking up through the stairwell of the high tower.
What if you really enjoy the interactive aspects of design? The Barbican is the perfect place for you to visit. It is such a tactile structure with strong guiding design principles. Everything was designed for this specific project, from the light fixtures to the window frames. Even the concrete surfaces covering the high towers and interior and exterior of the barbican centre were tested extensively before being hand-drilled by workers. When you look up at the three 123 metre high towers, you can appreciate the incredible hard work and craftsmanship that went in to the project.
These photos cover only a fraction of what the Barbican complex has to offer, so be sure to visit the next time you're in London!
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Mary Shelley’s “Frankenstein”, published in 1818, tells the story of a young scientist who comes upon the secretes to create life. “This novel is a speculative narrative that asks: what would happen if man created human life without the biologically and relationally necessary woman and with indifference to God?” (Hogsette). In “Frankenstein”, Mary Shelley seems to question the wisdom in such a pursuit of knowledge and sends a precautionary warning to those who read it. She warns the those who seek knowledge and secrets might attain them, but lose everything they treasure ad care for in the process. Throughout the novel, Shelley portrays the theme of the danger of knowledge in the characters of Captain Walton, Frankenstein, and the creature.
Paragraph I: The first character that Shelley introduces that shares this passion for knowledge and the unknown is Robert Walton. At the beginning of the story, Walton begins by writing to his sister and informs her of his yearning to seek out the unknown. Walton expressed to his sister how she cannot imagine the benefit that he would, “confer on all mankind to the last generation, by discovering a passage near the pole to those countries, to reach which at present so many months are requisite; or by ascertaining the secret of the magnet, which, if at all possible, can only be effected by an undertaking such as mine.” (Shelley). This quote exemplifies from Walton’s letter how passionately he sought out after knowledge. After Walton finds Frankenstein and brings him aboard, he explains hi pursuit to Frankenstein. Walton expresses that he would sacrifice, “my fortune, my existence, my every hope, to the furtherance of my enterprise. One man’s life or death were but a small price to pay for for the acquirement of the knowledge which I sought for the dominion I should acquire and transmit over the elemental foes of our race” (Shelley). This quote foreshadows the dangerous path Walton is treading upon. Once compared to the story of Frankenstein, the reader can understand that the dangerous road Walton was on, could ultimately lead to a similar result as Frankenstein’s. Thankfully, Walton heeded the advice of Frankenstein, and was spared a possible dreadful ending.
Paragraph II: Mankind, since the beginning, had always had a great thirst and craving for knowledge. This thirst for knowledge, though it can be a blessing and beneficial, can become a dangerous endeavor. Mary Shelly portrays how dangerous the pursuit of knowledge is in Victor’s quest by how he tries to go beyond what is capable of human limits and his attempt to bring something back to life. Unfortunately, for Frankenstein his pursuit of knowledge would lead to his demise. “The problem central to Frankenstein is the belief of its central character that he can perform the ultimate usurpation, that of God. There is an extreme vanity and egotism acting as the motivating force for Victor’s work, as opposed to a disinterested desire to further the interest of the human race in general.” (Bond). As he in knowledge and intelligence grew, so his infatuation with the human frame and discovering the secret to create life. At last, when Frankenstein came upon the secret that led him to begin the construction of a creation, he worked continually. Not for a moment did Frankenstein step back to rationalize what he was creating. He was blinded to all except the thought of success and creating life. As a result, Victor’s creation was born. As the monster came to life, only then did Victor understand what he created. He abhorred his own creation, and could not lay eyes on it for fear and horror.
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Worried about foul smell after eating onion and garlic?
After eating certain foods such as garlic and onion, people usually suffer from side effects like bad breath. The best way to avoid garlic breath is to of course, avoid it in everything that you eat. However, this is not so simple if you like it or want the benefits of the medicinal properties from them.
Therefore in order to get rid of the smell of garlic on your breath, there are certain things that you can undertake.
1. Eat the right follow up foods.
A well known solution for eliminating bad breath after garlic is to eat some fresh parsley. Also by eating mints or drinking a cup of strong mint based tea can help to get rid of the lingering smell of garlic. Eating various vegetables such as mashed potato, mushrooms and carrots will help to get rid of the smell of garlic. Therefore, if you are having a meal in a restaurant or entertaining at home, serve the food which has garlic included in it as a starter, then follow with these vegetables.
One of the fastest ways, however, in getting rid of the smell of garlic on your breath, is to chew on a piece of strong chewing gum. There are certain gums available nowadays that are of a very strong flavor. The gums are also sweetened with a product called xylitol, which will provide your mouth with the feeling of being fresh and cooling. You will certainly be amazed at how fast these particular gums eliminate the smell of garlic on your breath. The gum also has an extra ingredient which helps to fight bacteria which causes odor, which in effect causes good dental health.
Drinking a cup of green tea will help to get rid of the onion smell. Drinking lemonade or eating a piece of lemon can sometimes help to eliminate bad breath after eating. It is advised however, to prepare your own lemonade, as store bought lemonades tend to contain a great deal of sugar and preservatives which are not ideal for your teeth.
Another solution, which is effective, however, probably not the best suggested, is to drink a glass of alcohol, preferably vodka as it has no after smell. This is because alcohol contains an ingredient which kills bacteria in the mouth, resulting in the elimination of bad breath. However, if you are driving then do not drink alcohol under any circumstances.
It is always advised to carry with you at all times a small toothbrush and toothpaste, so that you can brush your teeth after meals. You will be more confident in the fact that when eating garlic, you then have the opportunity to get rid of the smell afterward. As the smell of garlic can also seep through the pores of your skin, it is advised to freshen up with your favorite perfume or cologne.
Like garlic, onions when eaten, break down into volatile sulfur compounds. Therefore onion breath is a result of the sulfur escaping from the body. These such volatile sulfur compounds do not get through your digestive system as do all other foods, therefore these compounds go directly into the blood stream. Therefore in order to get rid of the smell of onions on your breath, it is advised to brush your teeth directly after consumption.
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Where should I place the indicator on my whiteboard?
You can place anywhere on the whiteboard. But please leave a 4-inch margin around each edge of the indicator.
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On a patch of scrub land outside a mosque, a group of young boys run around playing football as their friends furiously ride bikes round and round the makeshift pitch, bare feet covered with dust.
What would be a humdrum scene elsewhere feels like a revolution in the central Somali town of Hudur, which has just emerged from three years of control by Islamist rebels.
Football was forbidden, along with music. Jeans were outlawed for men, who were made to wear cropped pants and Islamic gowns and to grow bushy beards while women were told to replace their brightly-coloured head scarves with a full veil.
"Many things changed when Al-Shebab took over. Schools closed, football was banned," Hussein Ali Abdi, a 19-year-old-Manchester United fan, said, proudly displaying the jeans he bought after the Islamists were chased out of town in April.
The Al-Qaeda-linked Shebab was ousted by the Ethiopians and their Somali government allies, who still patrol the town of 40-50,000 residents.
As men sipped tea in the shade and women gossiped loudly near the football game, Abdi recounted how life changed overnight, with residents finally able to listen to non-religious music and to watch television again.
"Listening to music got you hit 100 times. Ten people hit you 10 times," said Abdi. "One would beat you 10 times, then the next would beat you 10, till the last one."
Goats bleat plaintively in sandy streets lined with slowly crumbling buildings, some of which once belonged to non-governmental organisations that were forced out of Hudur.
At the market, stall holders are doing a roaring trade in second-hand clothing that was also banned under the Islamists.
The area looks like it has not had rain for weeks, the local thorn bushes covered only with discarded plastic bags and no greenery.
"The Shebab were here for three years and it will take the people three years to forget what they did and taught us," Sheikh Ali Ibrahim, Imam at the Buulow Mosque, said ruefully.
During their time in power the Islamists stopped him from preaching and he spent his time tending the meagre crops on his farm.
"Those religious leaders and the other elders who did not comply with their regulations were arrested," he said, adding that many people were killed "without any reason".
"The religion they adopted is something they made up, it does not refer to the Prophet Mohammed (PBUH)," Ibrahim said.
Although the town itself is relatively safe, and life is slowly returning to normal, the Shebab are still only around 20 kilometres (12 miles) away.
"Only Hudur has been liberated for the moment," said Mohamed Abdi, governor of Bakool. "The terrorists are still controlling villages outside town."
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US President Trump faces either double trouble (Cohen and Manafort) or a witch hunt, depending on your perspective. Does this matter for markets? It might matter if the president's political capital with Congress was undermined, affecting policy. However, the president does not have that much political capital with Congress, and is not asking Congress to pass laws they do not want to pass.
It might matter if markets think the politics will change the midterm election results (or the risks around those results), and thus policy. However, Republicans may successfully try to separate themselves from Trump. Trump supporters may be motivated to turn out and vote. This impact on midterms is not certain.
It might matter if trade policy is used to distract attention from the domestic politics. The US president has considerable authority over trade, and taxing US consumers via trade tariffs can be made to serve the "Make America Great Again" slogan. Overall, the muted market reaction seems appropriate.
It was also announced that the interminably tedious process of cutting the EU off from the UK will now be interminable, tedious and continuous. Continuous negotiation means continuous statements, continuous posturing, continuous leaks, and continuous noise for investors.
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They say diamonds are a girl's best friend but how about a metal detecting enthusiast's? Diamonds and gemstones are fun to find and can bring a nice, tidy profit to an already growing collection. Unlike other precious metals though they require a little bit more knowledge and skill to locate.
To begin with, diamonds are gemstones that occur naturally in the formation of coal. They are primarily found in areas where erosion and volcanic activity have occurred in the past. Diamonds and gemstones formed by these natural occurring phenomenon are carried by the flow of rivers, glaciers and streams where they can end up with other rocks and debris. In their natural state, they are not the cut and polished gem that everyone knows and loves. In fact, diamonds look just like normal rocks and most metal detecting enthusiasts pass over them because of their appearance.
The majority of diamonds dug from the ground today are actually mined for by large corporations in South Africa. While the United States does have diamonds throughout, commercial diamond mining has since ended due to low production. There is a former diamond mine located in Arkansas called the Crater of Diamonds State Park that does allow tourists to hunt for diamonds at a nominal fee. Although diamond foraging is permitted, the park does not allow metal detectors.
Diamonds found in the United States are mostly prospected by hobbyists with a diamond detector. While a metal or diamond detector cannot specifically find gemstones, diamonds or pearls, they can find indicator minerals around the precious rock. The prospector will use the presence of these indicator minerals as a sign where a volcanic or gold pipe may lay. This lets the prospector know he or she is close to where the diamonds originally formed.
These indicator minerals can include magnetite, glassy green olivine, chromium garnets and black picroilmenite. Interestingly enough, these are the very same minerals that gold prospectors use to find their payload. This is why a gold metal detector can also be a diamond detector if the prospector knows what they're looking for. Diamond detectors will typically operate at a much higher frequency than other metal detectors and have a greater sensitivity to gold nuggets. They are also highly functional in mineralized soil and have a deeper detection depth.
Finding natural and uncut diamonds in a sand or mud deposit is exciting even though most prospectors have better luck finding diamonds that have already been affixed to jewelry. There are more than a thousand pieces of jewelry misplaced every year including rings, watches, bracelets, earrings, and necklaces that contain diamonds or gemstones. In fact, statistics state that for every thirty gemstones lost there is one misplaced diamond. These pieces of lost jewelry are typically found by metal detectorists in outdoor concert venues and pavilions, golf courses, restaurants and beaches. A multi-purpose metal detector is perfect for finding jewelry with diamonds because the metal is typically made from copper, silver, platinum and gold.
Whatever the state of the diamond, prospecting for these precious gems makes a rewarding treasure hunting experience. What's even better is that hunting for diamonds and gemstones means that gold and other precious metals are not too far off. Armed with the right diamond detector and a head full of knowledge, a prospector can dig up the dream of a lifetime!
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Could my dog have Kennel Cough?
Kennel Cough is the common name for Infectious Bronchitis in dogs. It is a highly contagious disease which can affect any dog, of any breed, shape, size or age. Like influenza in humans there are many varieties of the disease. It can pass more easily in areas where there are more dogs, (dog shows, training classes, pack walks, or boarding kennels) which is why it has earned the common name Kennel Cough.
If your dog develops Kennel Cough you should seek the advice of your vet in the first instance. Your vet will confirm that his/her general well being is sufficient to shake the illness off and can ensure that antibiotics are provided if they are appropriate. It often takes 4-6 weeks for the illness to pass but your dog will remain contagious for up to 3 months!
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Anyway back to the movie review and synopsis of the movie.
Thank you Churp Churp for the invitation!
Following an alien invasion 60 years earlier which nearly destroyed the Earth, former Marine commander Jack Harper (Tom Cruise) is drone mechanic 49, one of the last few humans stationed on the planet. Jack lives in a tower standing thousands of feet above the Earth where he and his colleague Victoria are part of an operation to clean up the remaining forces of the invasion and extract the planet's remaining resources.
Jack and Victoria maintain contact with civilisation via a video link with their commander, Sally, and are due to join the rest of humanity on Saturn's moon Titan in two weeks. Jack suffers from recurring dreams and flashbacks, featuring images of New York before the invasion and an unknown female. Assisting Jack in his cleanup work are weaponised 'drones', sophisticated airborne machines that scour the landscape for, and destroy, alien lifeforms.
Nearing the end of his mission, Jack rescues a female stranger (Olga Kurylenko) from a crashed spaceship. She is encased in a sleeping capsule, in a state of hibernation, but Jack immediately recognises her as the woman in his flashbacks. Shortly after, Jack and the stranger are captured by an insurgency led by Malcolm Beech (Morgan Freeman). Inside the insurgent stronghold, the insurgents claim there are no aliens on the planet, and demand that he reprogramme a recently captured drone.
Meanwhile, Victoria sends a drone to scout the area for Jack, but it is soon disarmed by members of the resistance. Beech Jack and the female stranger to venture into an area of the landscape ostensibly unapproachable due to high levels of radiation, advising Jack that it is in this place that he will find answers to his questions.
Jack and the stranger climb the remains of the Empire State Building, and the stranger reveals herself to be his wife, Julia. Despite his initial shock at this revelation, it allows Jack to reconcile his flashbacks, and he knows it to be the truth. It is revealed that the ship in which Julia crash landed was a NASA shuttle that had been orbiting the Earth for 60 years. The duo travel into the supposedly lethal radiation zone, where Jack is stunned to come face to face with drone mechanic 52, a clone of himself. Jack and the clone engage in combat that ends with Jack choking the clone unconscious.
Beech later reveals to Jack that the life forms he encountered is only one of thousands of clones, including himself, resulting from cloning the real Jack Harper, who lived 60 years ago. These clones are used to repair drones and scout for 'alien' presence. His colleague Victoria is also revealed to be a clone. The resistance is revealed to be the planet's last remaining human outpost, exposing the truth that Jack and Victoria's superiors, i.e. Sally, are the 'aliens', using the clones to drain the Earth of its vital resources. The drones, it is revealed, are programmed to attack humans, not aliens. With this in mind, Jack desperately tries to convince Victoria to escape with him and Julia, leading her to report his insubordination to their superiors. Jack is scheduled for termination by Sally, who sends a drone to their location immediately.
In the ensuing attack, Victoria is killed by the drone before Julia is able to disable it with a gunshot from Jack's aircraft. Jack and Julia return to the resistance camp, where they help to repair the stolen drone. During the repair process, Beech reveals that the resistance has a nuclear device and intends on using it to destroy the alien stronghold; an enormous space station orbiting Earth. Three drones pick up the DNA trail of Jack and attack the base, resulting in a prolonged firefight before the drones are able to be overpowered.
The resistance suffers many casualties, including Beech who appears to be mortally wounded. To his frustration, the captured drone has been damaged and is once again unfit for service, however the nuclear device is still intact. With no other choice, Jack volunteers to fly the device to the station himself, delivering the 'hibernating' Julia as an explanation for his presence. Jack places her back into her sleeping capsule (the same one he had found her in when he first encountered her) and sets off to the space station, telling Sally that he is bringing the survivor to her. During the flight Jack listens to the flight recorder recovered from Julia's crashed shuttle and, in a series of flashbacks, it is revealed that his original self was on board the same spaceship as his wife.
In 2017, with Victoria as his co-pilot, Jack navigates the ship to investigate a mysterious object orbiting Earth (revealed to be the alien space station), but on approaching, the ship is drawn towards the object. At that point, fearing the worst, Jack released the shuttle containing the sleeping capsules (one of which held Julia), as it would be able to break free from the object's gravitational pull. The shuttle is that which crash landed earlier in the film, and from which 'Jack' rescued Julia.
Jack enters the space station and confronts 'Sally', who is revealed to be an enormous, amorphous stone-like being. Sally is disappointed when Jack opens the sleeping capsule, revealing that he has not brought Julia as promised, but a wounded Malcolm Beech, who had previously expressed his desire to be there at the moment the nuclear device was triggered. (Julia, unbeknownst to her, has been delivered to Jack's forest retreat; a lakeside cabin where he has stored keepsakes and mementos of human life, such as books and vinyl records.) With Sally growing hostile, Jack quickly recites a story about Horatius, a Roman soldier who held a bridge against many enemies, and then proceeds to trigger the device, destroying the entire space station. By doing so, the remaining drones on the Earth are also forced to shut down.
Three years later, Julia is living a peaceful life in Jack's forest retreat, and has given birth to a daughter, although she is still grief stricken by Jack's death. Through the surrounding forest, members of the former resistance appear, having visibly eschewed their armour and weaponry for more 'human' clothing. As Julia recognises them, 'Jack', the clone of team 52, steps forward and the two hold each other's gaze.
Not up to my expectation. Was expecting it to be very exciting and interesting but too bad it wasn't. The technology they apply and equipments that they use in the film are really good which I am really amazed. Just hoping that the plot would not have too draggy. But definitely the main actor, Tom Cruise is really hot and handsome! *drool* Lol! Rate of the movie: 2.5/5.
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0.998393 |
Apparently, 'pixelated' (according to the online dictionary) is an adjective, not a past-participle. That means that there is no verb 'to pixelate', which accords with the way that the world becomes, suddenly, divisible into atomic parts: the world cannot be 'turned into' its constituent parts - there is no /more real/, /more authentic/, /higher resolution/ original lying underneath. There is no verb-word - no process - by which the world could be made less resolute than it was - unless that process is the simplification and confabulation inherent in the action of perception and comprehension by the human mind.
The world just becomes - suddenly - pixelated, as our technologies fuse with our lifeworlds, our mental perspectives. Life imitates art imitating life imitating art.
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0.99977 |
Questions about example sentences with, and the definition and usage of "Documentarians"
What does The best documentarians leave their preconceived notions at the door mean?
A "documentary" is a genre of movie/TV show (ドキュメンタリー) So, a "documentarian" is someone who makes a documentary. "Preconceived notions" = prejudices, biases, etc. "Leaving (something) at the door" = English expression. It means to abandon, throw away something intangible before starting something. ("something intangible" examples: ideas, hopes, worries, prejudices, biases, etc.) Example: Leave your opinions of "right" and "wrong" at the door when learning about life in concentration camps. So, The best documentarians abandon their prejudices before starting a documentary. They try to not let their personal feelings taint the objective truth.
Example sentences with, and the definition and usage of "preconceived"
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0.989325 |
Identify the best performing fat burning supplement for professional athletes!
There’s no doubt that a wonderful body is the dream of many people over the world. Nevertheless, to acheive the wanted shape, it’s not enough to be simply gifted by mother nature having a terrific figure, but to spend long hours in the gym. Furthermore, in the event that there’s the issue of surplus fat, it’s also essential to maintain the right diet so that you can burn the unhealthy excess fat.
One of the main troubles, most athletes are confronted with is that, burning their fat they shed their muscle mass. Really, this is actually the major drawback to any cutting cycle, in the event the person sheds the hard-earned lean muscle mass along with the hated fats from waist and belly. At first thought it appears to be that there’s no solution which can provide the possibility to sustain the reached muscle shape, while decreasing unwanted fat. Still, there’s the one, which is called Clenbuterol.
Just like any critical matter any cutting cycle requires a sensible strategy. It means that before you’ll commence your Clenbuterol cycle, it is reasonable to know the three alternate options of Clenbuterol cycles, while selecting the one, which happens to be right for you. The fact is that each of these three alternatives of Clenbuterol cycles has its own advantages and disadvantages. You’re advised to select the one, which matches your very own demands and meets your requirements.
But, first of all, it’s essential to understand why Clenbuterol is considered the biggest pick of numerous pro athletes. The most crucial reason is that this fat burner is absolutely secure for health, in the event it’s taken considerably. Next, it’s extremely effective and powerful fat burning supplement, which maintains lean mass. And finally, it’s quite economical, in comparison to other fat burning supplements. Moreover, these days it is possible to buy this great fat burner online. Be certain, there’s no other supplement on the bodybuilding pharmaceutical market which can be as powerful and cheap as Clenbuterol.
When http://www.clenbuterolsteroid.net/cycle/ ’re serious about the way to uncover more about Clenbuterol, determining such factors relating to this potent fat burning supplement as traditional forms of Clenbuterol, its formula, side effects, advised dosage and certainly the all three alternatives of Clenbuterol cycles, you must visit the internet site of Clenbuterolsteroid.net, which is the best internet source of Clenbuterol knowledge. Taking advantage of this amazing site you will have a great chance to study the newest Clenbuterol reviews, and thus, detect your own solution to lose excess fat, leaving lean mass.
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0.983885 |
What's the difference between Earnings Subtotal and Total Earnings in the Reports Menu?
“Earnings Subtotal” is the total dollar amount you have earned via customer accepts and bonuses in the current month. “Current Earnings on Account” is the current account balance, which includes the Earnings Subtotal for the month, and also takes into account any manual adjustments to your account (e.g. for refunds) , and any earnings from a previous month that have not yet been paid out.
For example, if an Expert earns US$18.75 in accepts for October, that doesn’t meet the US$20 threshold for payout, so that would carry over to the next month, as part of the Current Earnings on Account in November. But you wouldn’t see the US$18.75 in the Earnings Subtotal report for November, since that only reflects money earned via customer accepts and bonuses for the month of November.
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0.943129 |
Can I save my home by filing for bankruptcy?
Since the Great Recession of 2008, many individuals have had problems keeping up with their mortgage payments. In some cases, mortgage lenders have cut deals with borrowers by modifying the loan or agreeing to a short sale. However, most homeowners are tied to the terms of the mortgage contract and the provisions regarding default and foreclosure.
What is a mortgage foreclosure?
A foreclosure occurs when a homeowner fails to make full principal and interest payments on a mortgage. If a borrower misses a payment and does not pay it within one month, he or she is in "default." The lender will notify the borrower that the payment must be made in full. If the mortgage remains delinquent after 3 to 6 months, the lender can initiate a foreclosure proceeding, which allows the lender to evict the homeowner, seize the property and sell it at a public auction.
Ultimately, a foreclosure will cause long-lasting damage to your credit rating. There are alternatives to foreclosure, including loan forbearance or a deed in lieu of foreclosure, where title to the property is signed over to the lender. However, if these arrangements are not available, a borrower may be able to stop the foreclosure process by filing for bankruptcy.
The new bankruptcy laws make it difficult for an individual to file a Chapter 7 Bankruptcy. However, a Chapter 13 Bankruptcy petition may enable you to set up a plan to pay the mortgage payments that are in arrears. The homeowner and lender can agree to a time period for the repayments to be made, but the delinquent payments must be made simultaneously with the current payments. Provided that all of the required payments are made according to the repayment plan, you can avoid foreclosure. In some cases, a Chapter 13 filing may also eliminate payments of second and third mortgages as bankruptcy courts may deem these to be unsecured debt, depending on the amount of equity in your home.
Although a bankruptcy filing may stop a foreclosure, it is not a silver bullet, and it can seriously damage your credit score. If you fail to make payments that have been agreed upon, the lender can still foreclose on the property. Ultimately, deciding to go bankrupt is a serious decision that requires the advice of a qualified attorney.
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0.997278 |
Hace ya algún tiempo que se ha incorporado a la novelística de todos los países un género nuevo: el de la ciencia-ficción. Escritores modernos, algunos de merecido prestigio, lo han cultivado con creciente éxito. Los adelantos científicos de nuestros días son de tal magnitud que al lector no le resulta forzado situarse en un espacio y en un tiempo "anticipado". Para el autor, en cambio, representa un indudable esfuerzo que creemos plenamente logrado en los relatos del presente volumen, perteneciente a las Colección Antologías Acervo.
DANIEL F. GALOUYE: Domingo fatal, Jebaburba, Justicia del Futuro, Ojos artificiales.
H. P. LOVECRAFT: Desde más allá, Más allá de la pared de sueño.
FRANCISCO LEZCANO LEZCANO: Hambre, Haldous.
ÁLVARO FERNÁNDEZ SUÁREZ: La misteriosa ciudad de Aurora.
M. A. GUERENDIAIN: La rueda.
JUDITH MERRIL: Quienquiera que seas.
LEE HARDING: La ciudad solitaria.
AMBROSE BIERCE: Una partida de ajedrez.
J. G. BALLARD: El hombre iluminado.
SEATON McKETTRIG: Un mundo extraño.
Daniel Francis Galouye (11 February 1920, New Orleans, Louisiana – 7 September 1976, New Orleans, Louisiana) was an American science fiction writer. During the 1950s and 1960s, he contributed novelettes and short stories to various digest size science fiction magazines, sometimes writing under the pseudonym Louis G. Daniels.
After Galouye (pronounced Gah-lou-ey) graduated from Louisiana State University (B.A.), he worked as a reporter for several newspapers. During World War II, he served in the US Navy as an instructor and test pilot, receiving injuries that led to later health problems. On December 26, 1945, he married Carmel Barbara Jordan. From the 1940s until his retirement in 1967, he was on the staff of The States Item. He lived in New Orleans but also had a summer home across Lake Pontchartrain at St. Tammany Parish in Covington, Louisiana..
In 1952, he sold his first novelette, Rebirth, to Imagination and then branched out to other digests, including Galaxy Science Fiction and The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction. Between 1961 and 1973, Galoyue wrote five novels, notably Simulacron Three, basis of the movie The Thirteenth Floor and the 1973 German TV miniseries, Welt am Draht (directed by Rainer Werner Fassbinder). His first novel, Dark Universe (1961) was nominated for a Hugo.
In 2007, Galouye was named as the recipient of the Cordwainer Smith Rediscovery Award, which is co-sponsored by the heirs of Paul M.A. Linebarger (who wrote as Cordwainer Smith) and Readercon. The jury for this award recognizes a deceased genre writer whose work should be "rediscovered" by the readers of today, and that newly rediscovered writer is a deceased guest of honor at the following year's Readercon. Galouye was named 6 July 2007 by Barry N. Malzberg and Gordon Van Gelder, speaking on behalf of themselves and the other two judges, Martin H. Greenberg and Mike Resnick.
Reviews of the Antología de novelas de anticipación. Sexta selección.
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0.998861 |
Please PAUSE the "How to Draw a Cat (Stretching) Playing" video after each step to draw at your own pace.
Step 1: Draw a circle near the bottom of the paper as a guide for the stretching cat's head. First make four small marks to indicate the circle's width and height. Then connect the marks using curved lines to form the rest of the circle. If you're struggling drawing the circle, trace the outer rim of a coin, a button or any other object with a circular edge.
Step 2: Draw a curved horizontal line across the head. This construction line will help you place the cat's facial features later.
Step 3: Outside of the head, on the left side, draw a short, angled line as a guide for the cat's muzzle. This line should be similar to the letter C but more angular.
Step 4: Above the construction line, near the right side, draw a triangle-like line as a guide for the first ear. On top of the cat's head, draw a thinner triangle-like line as a guide for the other ear.
Step 5: To the right of the head, draw another circle as a guide for the front part of the cat's body. First make four small marks for the circle's height and width, then connect the marks using curved lines. This circle should be almost twice as big as the head, and their edges should touch.
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0.999987 |
Base ten decimal system unsigned (positive) integer number 41 converted to unsigned binary (base two) = 10 1001 How to convert an unsigned (positive) integer in decimal system (in base 10): 41(10) to an unsigned binary (base 2) 1. Divide the number repeatedly by 2, keeping track of each remainder, until we get a quotient that is equal to zero: division = quotient + remainder; 41 ÷ 2 = 20 + 1; 20 ÷ 2 = 10 + 0; 10 ÷ 2 = 5 + 0; 5 ÷ 2 = 2 + 1; 2 ÷ 2 = 1 + 0; 1 ÷ 2 = 0 + 1; 2. Construct the base 2 representation of the positive number, by taking all the remainders starting from the bottom of the list constructed above: 41(10) = 10 1001(2) Conclusion: Number 41(10), a positive integer (no sign), converted from decimal system (base 10) to an unsigned binary (base 2): 10 1001(2) Spaces used to group numbers digits: for binary, by 4.
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0.963728 |
Would it surprise you to know that Leonard Nimoy, who played Star Trek's coldly logical Mr. Spock, was a warmly romantic love poet in real life?
Leonard Nimoy passed away on February 27, 2015 at age 83. He was a man of many, varied and considerable talents. As an actor he ranged from Star Trek's inscrutable Spock, to Tevye in the musical Fiddler on the Roof, to Vincent Van Gogh in the one-man stage show Vincent, for which he wrote the screenplay. He also appeared in plays such as Oliver!, The King and I, Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, Camelot, Twelfth Night, The Man in the Glass Booth, Caligula, and Sherlock Holmes, and in TV shows such as Dragnet, Twilight Zone, Perry Mason, Gunsmoke, Bonanza, Rawhide, Mission: Impossible, Saturday Night Live, The Simpsons and Outer Limits. He earned four Emmy nominations: one for best supporting actor in the 1982 TV film A Woman Called Golda, and three for Star Trek. In 1997 Nimoy narrated the documentary A Life Apart: Hasidism in America, about the various sects of Hasidic Orthodox Jews. He also directed three of the best-selling movies of all time: two Star Trek blockbusters and Three Men and a Baby. Nimoy was an accomplished photographer who at one time considered a career in photography. His SHEKHINA is a stunning photographic study of women which visualizes the feminine aspect of God's presence. His Full Body Project celebrates and pays homage to full-figured women. Nimoy was also a vocalist and songwriter who released five albums on Dot Records and appeared in music videos with the Bangles and Bruno Mars. He was also a fine writer, screenwriter and poet. He really was a renaissance man, a gentleman, and a truly good and decent person who will be sorely missed by his legions of fans and admirers.
Leonard Nimoy's seven published poetry collections were You & I (1973), Will I Think of You? (1974), We Are All Children Searching for Love: A Collection of Poems and Photographs (1977), Come Be with Me: A Collection of Poems (1978), These Words are for You (1981), Warmed by Love (1983), and A Lifetime of Love: Poems on the Passages of Life (2002). His first autobiography, I Am Not Spock, came out in 1975. It was followed, somewhat contradictorily, by a second autobiography, I Am Spock, in 1995.
"I have always been and shall always be your friend."
"I am not Spock. But given the choice, if I had to be someone else, I would be Spock."
"If someone said, 'You can have the choice of being any other TV character ever played,' I would choose Spock. I like him. I admire him. I respect him."
"Spock is definitely one of my best friends. When I put on those ears, it's not like just another day. When I become Spock, that day becomes something special."
"My folks came to US as immigrants, aliens, and became citizens. I was born in Boston, a citizen, went to Hollywood and became an alien."
"I object to intellect without discipline; I object to power without constructive purpose."
"What I'm exploring now is the subject of my own mortality."
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0.999761 |
I think it is better to go out to work as I think if you work from home you need high motivation to focusing on the job! You also get a lot more from working out of the home than just work: like company of peers and interaction with all sorts of people day to day instead of being alone or having distractions of young children etc at home.
Who wouldn't like to do their own thing in their own time. Some interaction is important, but savings from commute, etc have to outweigh downsides.
Much rather work from home at my own pace.
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0.966478 |
In traditional active learning, learning algorithms (or learners) mainly focus on the performance of the final model built and the total number of queries needed for learning a good model. However, in many real-world applications, active learners have to focus on the learning process for achieving finer goals, such as minimizing the number of mistakes in predicting unlabeled examples. These learning goals are common and important in real-world applications. For example, in direct marketing, a sales agent (learner) has to focus on the process of selecting customers to approach, and tries to make correct predictions (i.e., fewer mistakes) on the customers who will buy the product.
However, traditional active learning algorithms cannot achieve the finer learning goals due to the different focuses. In this thesis, we study how to control the learning process in active learning such that those goals can be accomplished. According to various learning tasks and goals, we address four new active paradigms as follows.
The first paradigm is learning actively and conservatively. Under this paradigm, the learner actively selects and predicts the most certain example (thus, conservatively) iteratively during the learning process. The goal of this paradigm is to minimize the number of mistakes in predicting unlabeled examples during active learning. Intuitively the conservative strategy is less likely to make mistakes, i.e., more likely to achieve the learning goal. We apply this new learning strategy in an educational software, as well as direct marketing.
The second paradigm is learning actively and aggressively. Under this paradigm, unlabeled examples and multiple oracles are available. The learner actively selects the best multiple oracles to label the most uncertain example (thus, aggressively) iteratively during the learning process. The learning goal is to learn a good model with guaranteed label quality.
The third paradigm is learning actively with conservative-aggressive tradeoff. Under this learning paradigm, firstly, unlabeled examples are available and learners are allowed to select examples actively to learn. Secondly, to obtain the labels, two actions can be considered: querying oracles and making predictions. Lastly, cost has to be paid for querying oracles or for making wrong predictions. The tradeoff between the two actions is necessary for achieving the learning goal: minimizing the total cost for obtaining the labels.
The last paradigm is learning actively with minimal/maximal effort. Under this paradigm, the labels of the examples are all provided and learners are allowed to select examples actively to learn. The learning goal is to control the learning process by selecting examples actively such that the learning can be accomplished with minimal effort or a good model can be built fast with maximal effort.
For each of the four learning paradigms, we propose effective learning algorithms accordingly and demonstrate empirically that related learning problems in real applications can be solved well and the learning goals can be accomplished.
In summary, this thesis focuses on controlling the learning process to achieve fine goals in active learning. According to various real application tasks, we propose four novel learning paradigms, and for each paradigm we propose efficient learning algorithms to solve the learning problems. The experimental results show that our learning algorithms outperform other state-of-the-art learning algorithms.
Ni, Ailing, "New Paradigms for Active Learning" (2012). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 751.
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0.999996 |
If there is any interest group more intellectually dishonest in its approach to free speech than anti-abortion activists, I have yet to encounter it. Their solicitude for their own speech rights is equaled only by their hostility to the speech rights of abortion providers and patients. Two respective laws recently passed by the New York City Council and the South Dakota legislature illustrate these hypocrisies.
To discourage if not effectively prohibit women from obtaining abortions, South Dakota now requires them to endure a three-day waiting period (in a state with only one abortion clinic) and to submit to counseling at an anti-abortion "crisis" center. In addition to unduly burdening abortion rights, the South Dakota law ignores women's First Amendment rights to decline to attend anti-abortion lectures. If this seems reasonable to you, think about a similar law that would require pregnant women, or women planning pregnancies, to undergo counseling about the risks of childbirth, the economic costs of raising children, and the possibility that they'll break your heart.
And think about the opposition of pro-lifers to a recently enacted New York City law requiring "crisis pregnancy centers" to describe the medical services they offer and disclose whether or not they are licensed medical providers. These disclosure requirements were prompted by evidence that the crisis centers regularly engage in deceptive practices, which you can find partly described here. I'd bet my last contribution to Planned Parenthood that centers in South Dakota, which women are forced to consult, provide similarly inaccurate or deceptive information. But pro-lifers apparently feel constitutionally entitled to their deceptions; and they do have a right to call themselves pregnancy crisis counselors, however misleading the label seems, while preaching against abortion -- so long as they refrain from providing pregnant women with objectively inaccurate information. But insisting that New York's disclosure law "strips" them of their First Amendment rights, crisis centers have hired the American Center for Law and Justice to challenge it.
Compare this righteous opposition to requirements that anti-abortion counselors present women with accurate information about their services and licenses, (or lack thereof) to the righteousness with which pro-lifers defend laws requiring abortion providers to present women with lists of horribles possibly attendant upon abortion, (a requirement upheld by the Supreme Court; the Court has also upheld a law barring recipients of federal funds from informing women about abortion options.) In other words, on the pro-life planet, abortion providers lack free speech rights to counsel patients without interference from the state, while anti-abortion activists enjoy very broad speech rights, including the utterly unregulated right to dispense inaccurate medical information and the power to force it upon pregnant women, who have no right to refuse it. As Nat Hentoff has said, "free speech for me, but not for thee." I hope, under the circumstances, that Hentoff, who opposes abortion rights, won't think I'm taking his name in vain.
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0.999999 |
Consider the following scenario: Kathy manages a team of ten, she is white, nine of her teammates are white and one is black. Several teammates, including her black colleague, are often late to work. She addresses the attendance issue with her white colleagues but never addresses it with her black colleague despite thinking she should. Now, let's consider Mr. Joe a white male English teacher at a diverse high school. As a high school teacher he frequently redirects students in class when they are off task. Reflecting on his practice, he admits that he is quicker to redirect his white students when they are off task allowing his students of color to remain unengaged in class learning.
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0.999903 |
If you grew up in certain parts of the country, you've no doubt got some fond memories regarding fireflies. A cool summer's dusk, the stars just starting to be visible, the chirping of insects—and flashing lazily about, the lights of fireflies.
Fireflies! the game has an exclamation mark in its title. That enthusiastic punctuation should be your first sign that this game is not exactly a deep, poetic rumination on the wonder of the Lampyridae, but something rather lighter. But while that is indeed the case, Fireflies! is also a sublimely simple and gratifying game, a soothing, addictive zen-like experience.
It works like this: A bunch of differently colored fireflies (!) flit about your screen. You tap once, which illuminates a globe of light in the air. If a firefly touches the globe, it vanishes into its own globe of light, hopefully triggering other nearby fireflies. Once a firefly has become a ball of light, it vanishes—in a less kid-friendly game, you would be making the fireflies explode. Here, you're "shining your light on them." Your goal is to light up a certain number of the available fireflies in a scene. Fireflies light up differently according to their color—for example, blue fireflies' globes stay lit for an extended period of time, orange fireflies blast smaller globes around the screen, and gold fireflies trigger a much larger ball of light.
You only get one tap per level, but if you play that tap right, you'll see a chain reaction of light-globes bouncing around the screen as your number climbs and climbs. As the fireflies light up, small chimes and other musical instruments play, and every note is in tune with the placid background music. It's all very calming.
Fireflies! isn't exactly "difficult"—most levels that I've failed I've passed on the next couple of tries. And the input required is so minimal—one tap!—that it never feels particularly straining or stressful. But that's the point. It's simple enough for a child to play, but it's satisfying enough on its own merits to attract more sophisticated players.
I was recently out in Minnesota to visit family, and while I was there, I realized that I'd spent too long away from the many pleasures of Midwestern summer. We don't really have summer in San Francisco, and while that means we don't get crushing heat and humidity, it also means we don't get to wear sandals, and go swimming in lakes, and drink cool beer in the evening and watch fireflies. Fireflies! doesn't quite replicate that feeling, but it is an enjoyable game with a soothing, satisfying mechanic at its core. I'll take it.
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0.993445 |
Why do some feel their public imposition of personal values is justified on this issue?
The Canadian province of Quebec has become the latest jurisdiction to pass legislation legalising assisted suicide. Despite some legal ambiguity regarding the relevance of an allegedly contradictory federal Canadian law, it has been celebrated by local lawmakers and euthanasia activists around the globe. Not surprisingly, however, there remain dissentients.
Since Daniel Defoe's The Political History of the Devil, many a famous rhetorician has uttered confirmation of life's two inevitabilities: death and taxes. Mortality, in other words, is a reality we must all face - like taxes. Some of us fear our demise whereas others accept the inevitability. In each and every case, however, it is a highly personal matter and experience, perhaps the most personal of all. Why, then, do some feel their public imposition of personal values is justified on this issue?
From my own experience of the debate, most who disagree with laws such as the one passed in Quebec fall into one of two categories. Either they think that euthanasia is immoral, or that it leads to a slippery slope.
I will first address the "immorality" category. Opponents of assisted suicide claim we have a formal "right to life", as described in the United Nations' charters of 1948 and 1966, which declared that "all human beings should have a right to life and the protection of it".
To the untrained eye, this initial declaration seems like the strongest one could possibly propose. However, is "human being" the best term to use here?
Unrecognised by some right to life activists is a great irony: They are quick to demonstrate strong convictions regarding the so-called 'unnecessary' deaths of people on their deathbeds, yet are comparatively silent on the many, many more unnecessary and uncontroversial deaths of people living in poverty.
A brain-dead patient in hospital can technically be argued to be a human being, despite most of us accepting that the person themself is dead. If you are reading this, you are likely such a person. A person can think, can interact with their environment, can be self-aware, and aware of themselves existing over time. What is left of someone who is brain-dead who can do none of those things?
It's truer for us to say that we value personhood, not mere technical membership to our own species. So perhaps we should adopt a less technical interpretation, like that put by Rev Joseph Tham, who wrote, "every person has inherent dignity that should be recognised and respected in any condition of health, infirmity or disability".
Though this explicitly states that a person has no less or more moral status courtesy of their capacities. This is problematic when a person suffers a severe stroke and loses the mental capacity to communicate, understand their surroundings, have a sense of self or the future, and ultimately are not themselves (as is sometimes said of end-stage dementia patients).
We can also question the notion of whether it is respectful or dignifying to refuse to respect someone's personal decisions in what is such a personal matter.
"A 'right to life' cannot be meaningful if one cannot exercise that right in ways which make it, in the full sense, a 'life'. Said differently, what good is a life you don't have power over? Or one in which you suffer unbearably, hopelessly, and without any or much enjoyment? These might fall under the literal definition of a 'life', but to say that they all, irrespective of their features, have the same quality is to deny the factual differences. To further say that individuals must accept what others [like Rev Tham] ascribe to them as the values which constitute a life - or, as is sometimes said, a life worth living - is to say that you know how to live someone's life better than they do. While we might be able to argue for this in the case of children, how can we reason the same for a fully mature, capable adult of sound mind? Simply, we can't."
If we wish to live in truly moral, pluralistic societies in which we accept each others' personal choices, then we should make those choices legal. We need not all agree with everyone's personal decisions, but only acknowledge that it is their decision to make.
Unrecognised by some right to life activists is a great irony: They are quick to demonstrate strong convictions regarding the so-called unnecessary deaths of people on their deathbeds, yet are comparatively silent on the many, many more unnecessary and uncontroversial deaths of people living in poverty.
"Every year, an estimated 9.7 million children under the age of five die from largely preventable causes," UNICEF says. And that's only counting children under the age of five.
So why are right to life advocates so fixated on euthanasia laws when millions of people are dying around the world from easily treatable and preventable causes?
What's more, these millions of people will have a much longer life to live - and healthy, full lives at that - compared to those waiting for an end to their suffering in palliative care. If right to life advocates were true to their own beliefs, they would exhibit a far greater interest in helping the millions who die each year from easily preventable causes.
Finally, let us examine the so-called "slippery slope" argument. Some opponents of euthanasia and assisted suicide laws argue the acts themselves aren't necessarily immoral, but that in legalising them, we risk abuses.
However, those who fear a slippery slope should have much more to fear from the informal systems which already exist - where euthanasia and assisted suicide is illegal but still practiced covertly. Without formal regulation or systems in place, anyone who thinks a slippery slope is possible must surely prefer a less slippery, i.e. regulated and open, slope.
That is, if such a slope exists at all. Evidence shows that no slippery slope has developed in jurisdictions like the Netherlands, where euthanasia has been effectively legal for more than two decades. Data from the Netherlands and Belgium shows that the number of patients requesting euthanasia or assisted suicide actually decreased, not increased, after legalisation.
Opposition to voluntary euthanasia and assisted suicide laws in Quebec and elsewhere is philosophically and empirically misplaced. If we wish to live in societies which are truly moral and pluralistic, we ought to welcome responsible efforts to legalise personal choices. This doesn't mean we must agree with every decision, we simply need to respect people's right to make that decision. Further, as these decisions won't directly affect us, and we have no need to worry of a slippery slope, we can rest easy and let others rest in peace.
Tom Burns is a Melbourne-based writer who studies bioethics and neuroscience. His work has been featured online and in print in Australia and abroad.
Tom Burns is an Australian writer who studies bioethics and neuroscience. His work has been featured online and in print in Australia and abroad.
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Many emerging markets have suffered currency volatility in recent months, primarily as a result of US monetary tightening and the strengthening US dollar. In a few instances a combination of factors, including external imbalances, political instability and poor policy-making have led to full-blown currency crises.
However, the major damage has thus far been restricted to economies with heightened country-specific weaknesses, such as the geopolitical tensions and lack of credible monetary policy in Turkey, and the sizeable external and fiscal deficits in Argentina. Moreover, the primary influence remains the attractiveness of rising US interest rates and equities rather than widespread risk aversion to emerging markets, as evidenced by differentiated outflows from these economies. The pressure on emerging markets as a group could intensify should market sentiment deteriorate further than we currently expect. One trigger for this could be if a number of other major emerging markets fall into crisis. Russia, for example, is coming under pressure from US sanctions, and Brazil has a presidential election in early October that could panic the markets if it throws up a result that investors do not expect. Alternatively, investors could flee emerging markets should the current currency crises in Argentina and Turkey escalate into full-blown banking crises as the rising value of foreign currency debt leads to defaults.
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Excuse me madam, what is your name?
Depending on whether you ask this question to a French or British woman, you may get a different response.
In general terms, when a British couple marry, the woman may choose to take her husband's name. This will then become the only surname to appear on official documents such as a passport. These official documents will not mention her maiden name, which will usually only then be found on birth and marriage certificates.
On the other hand, women in France keep their maiden name on official documents, even after they have married: “Marie DURAND épouse MARTIN” - “Marie DURAND married name MARTIN”. The reason for this dates back to a law from the French Revolution that is still in force today: la loi du 6 fructidor an II * (23 août 1794), which states that a citizen can only use the forenames and surname stated on their birth certificate.
Upon marrying, a French woman only gains the right to use her husband's surname - it never becomes her actual name. For all administrative dealings, she will still be identified by her maiden name, because article 4 of the previously mentioned law forbids public servants from referring to a citizen by any other name than that shown on their birth certificate.
So, if you find yourself having to deal with the French authorities and needing to verify your name, you should always take along your birth certificate as well (showing your maiden name), as this is the only document that will be recognised by the administration.
* during the Revolution, it was decided to create a new calendar to replace the one currently in use at the time (and which is still in use today). This calendar renamed the months of the year and began on the 22nd September 1792, thereafter known as the 1stvendémiaire year 1, the day of the foundation of the Republic. It was abandoned in 1806.
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Black Flag is a mixtape by American rapper MGK; it was released on June 26, In response to questions about the mixtape, MGK would tweet: "Black Flag is not a mixtape, it's an album we're giving away for free". On June 4, MGK. Download/Stream Machine Gun Kelly's mixtape, Black Flag, for Free at typelabmnl.com - Download/Stream Free Mixtapes and Music Videos from your. 26 Jun MGK's new mixtape arrives unexpectedly today! The all-original track mixtape finds features from Meek Mill, Pusha T, Dub O, Sean McGee and.
27 Jun Stream Machine Gun Kelly - Black Flag [mixtape], a playlist by Hans Stingl This is a complete post of Black Flag mixtape from MGK (Machine. For your search query Machine Gun Kelly Black Flag Full Album MP3 we have found songs matching your query but showing only top 10 results only. 26 Jun After teasing us with a few leaks over the past 4 months or so, Machine Gun Kelly finally releases his new album Black flag for free.
Raise The Flag Lyrics Machine Gun Kelly-Black Flag-Album Art Lyrics RG is releasing the OFFICIAL lyrics from MGK himself AND we have his verified. Black Flag (Deluxe Edition). Explicit. MGK April 14, Hip-Hop/Rap Raise The Flag. 1. $ 2 . Shout out to struggling Americans all lives matter mgk keep doin you dawg. Full Review . More Albums See more. bloom. Tracklist with lyrics of the album BLACK FLAG from Machine Gun Kelly: Raise The Flag - Breaking News - Peso - Black Tuxedo - Mind Of A Stoner - D&g -. 26 Jun Machine Gun Kelly will now be releasing his Black Flag project as a free album instead of a mixtape. The forthcoming collection from the Bad. Machine Gun Kelly digs up a classic beat and then bodies it! We needed Puff Daddy (not Diddy) to let the world know that EST "We are the Champions"! Black .
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Pizza. It is one of the most loved foods on the planet. Who doesn't love the cheese, the sauce, and the crust of a hot delicious pizza? There is no need to spend money at Pizza Hut, Dominoes, Papa John's, or your local pizza shop, when you can make your own pizza at home. With the right ingredients, you can create a delicious homemade pizza to rave to your friends about.
There are two ways to take care of your dough needs. There are many store-bought packages of ready-made pizza dough in your grocer's freezer isle. If you want to save yourself time, grab one or two of these from the store. Another quick and easy option is to buy bagels, hard rolls, biscuits or Italian bread for mini-pizzas. There are also boxes of bread mix that you can use, such as herbs and cheese bread that can easily be prepared and made into a crust.
If you would like to take a healthier approach, you can use a box of wheat or whole grain bread dough as your crust. Just prepare as directed, and then shape it flat and round before baking. There are also some brands that provide ready-made wheat or whole grain crust.
The rest of the ingredients are up to you. Depending on which topping you like to have, your ingredients could be pepperoni, Italian sausage (sweet or hot), black olives, ham, bacon, cheddar cheese, grilled chicken, meatballs, vegetables, mushrooms, bell peppers, anchovies, or whatever you like. The possibilities are endless!
In a mixing bowl, combine dry active yeast to water, salt, sugar, and oil. Stir.
Slowly add the flour to the yeast mixture, stirring it in well.
On a lightly floured, flat surface, knead the dough for about five minutes, or until smooth.
Place the ball of dough onto the greased cookie sheet and shape it into a pizza crust.
Second, add enough cheese to almost cover the sauce. If you like to have extra cheese, try adding it after the other toppings have been placed.
Next, place any extra toppings you would like. Try to spread the toppings evenly so that each slice has a decent amount of each topping. If you have toppings that only some people in your party will like, you can top half of the pizza with what you like, and the other half with what they like.
Remember that your oven should be at 350° Fahrenheit (180° Celsius). You may want to turn it down to 325°F (160°C) for the baking. Depending on how efficient your oven is baking time will take 15 to 30 minutes.
Check on your pizza after 10 minutes to make sure that it is not cooking to rapidly. You will want the dough to cook completely, and you will not want the cheese to burn. When the pizza is done, it will have a nice golden brown crust, and the cheese will be melted nicely. Use your judgment, and don't let it burn!
Take care when removing it from the oven, and try not to burn yourself.
It is best to use a pizza cutter to divide the pizza into slices right away, while the pizza is nice and hot. You can serve immediately, with a heat warning, or allow a minute or two for it to drop to a comfortable eating temperature.
Serve with napkins, and enjoy.
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Aneurin Bevan, usually known as Nye Bevan (November 15, 1897 – July 6, 1960) was a Welsh Labour politician. He was a key figure on the left of the party in the mid-twentieth century and was the Minister of Health responsible for the formation of the National Health Service. He became Deputy Leader of the Labour Party in 1959, but died of cancer the following year. Although he did not become Primer Minister, he counts as one of the most significant British politicians of the twentieth century whose legacy has impacted the lives of millions. The NHS is considered by some to be the finest achievement in post-World War II Britain. He brought an almost religious Welsh-style passion and fervor to politics. For him and for many in the Labour Party at this time, winning the battle against Nazi tyranny was meaningless unless people's lives improved and being free had real value. Universal access to health care free at the point of delivery, which was for him an "almost religious belief" was an essential part of the new society he and others wanted to build. Having left school at 13 he yet made a significant ideological contribution to British socialism represented by his writing and speeches. On the one hand, he was a class warrior who did not hesitate to cite Karl Marx and supported recognition of China under Mao Zedong. On the other hand, he did not share the bitterness of some fellow socialists who despised the elite. Characteristically, he was generous and optimistic about the possibility of human altruism. Certainly ambitious, he was motivated by the desire to improve the lives of his own class and knew that to do so he had to gain political office, if not power. His new society would have little place for privilege but neither would it be exclusive. He wanted a better world for everyone. Known as a rebel, it has been suggested that this explains why he did not become Party Leader. Yet, while he was denied the promotion he almost certainly deserved, he used his skills and passion to make the world a better place. His religion has been described as love of others and as the desire to serve them.
Bevan was born in Tredegar, Monmouthshire, in the South Wales Valleys and on the northern edge of the South Wales coalfield, the son of miner David Bevan. Both Bevan's parents were Nonconformists; his father was a Baptist and his mother a Methodist. One of ten children, Bevan did poorly at school and his academic performance was so bad that his headmaster made him repeat a year. At age 13, Bevan left school and began working in the local Tytryst Colliery. David Bevan had been a supporter of the Liberal Party in his youth, but was converted to socialism by the writings of Robert Blatchford in the Clarion and joined the Independent Labour Party.
His son also joined the Tredegar branch of the South Wales Miners' Federation and became a trade union activist: he was head of his local Miners' Lodge at only 19. Bevan became a well-known local orator and was seen by his employers, the Tredegar Iron & Coal Company, as a revolutionary. He was always arguing with the supervisors. He avoided conscription during World War I due to nystagmus and was critical of the simplistic view of the war as a fight between good and evil, suggesting that it was more complex than this. The manager of the colliery found an excuse to get him sacked. But, with the support of the Miners' Federation, the case was judged as one of victimization and the company was forced to re-employ him.
In 1919, he won a scholarship to the Central Labour College in London, sponsored by the South Wales Miners' Federation. At the college, he gained his life-long respect for Karl Marx. Reciting long passages by William Morris, Bevan gradually began to overcome the stammer that he had since he was a child.
Upon returning home in 1921, he found that the Tredegar Iron & Coal Company refused to re-hire him. He did not find work until 1924, in the Bedwellty Colliery, and it closed down after ten months. Bevan had to endure another year of unemployment and in February 1925, his father died of pneumoconiosis.
In 1926, he found work again, this time as a paid union official. His wage of £5 a week was paid by the members of the local Miners' Lodge. His new job arrived in time for him to head the local miners against the colliery companies in what would become the General Strike. When the strike started on May 3, 1926, Bevan soon emerged as one of the leaders of the South Wales miners. The miners remained on strike for six months. Bevan was largely responsible for the distribution of strike pay in Tredegar and the formation of the Council of Action, an organization that helped to raise money and provided food for the miners.
He was a member of the Cottage Hospital Management Committee around 1928 and was chairman in 1929/30.
In 1928, Bevan won a seat on Monmouthshire County Council. With that success he was picked as the Labour Party candidate for Ebbw Vale (displacing the sitting MP), and easily held the seat at the 1929 General Election. In Parliament, he soon became noticed as a harsh critic of those he felt opposed the working man. His targets included the Conservative Winston Churchill and the Liberal Lloyd George, as well as Ramsay MacDonald and Margaret Bondfield from his own Labour party (he targeted the latter for her unwillingness to increase unemployment benefits). He had solid support from his constituency, being one of the few Labour MPs to be unopposed in the 1931 General Election.
Soon after he entered parliament, Bevan was briefly attracted to Oswald Mosley's arguments, in the context of Macdonald's government's incompetent handling of rising unemployment. However, in the words of his biographer John Campbell, "he breached with Mosley as soon as Mosley breached with the Labour Party." This is symptomatic of his lifelong commitment to the Labour Party, which was a result of his firm belief that only a Party supported by the British Labour Movement could have a realistic chance of attaining political power for the working class. Thus, for Bevan, joining Mosley's New Party was not an option. Bevan is said to have predicted that Mosley would end up as a Fascist. His passion and gift for oratory made him a popular speaker, often attracting thousands at rallies while members of Parliament would "go into the chamber just to hear him speak.". He was not "flamboyent … but could hold the house in his spell."
He married fellow socialist MP Jennie Lee in 1934. He was an early supporter of the socialists in Spain and visited the country in the 1930s. In 1936, he joined the board of the new socialist newspaper the Tribune. His agitations for a united socialist front of all parties of the left (including the Communist Party of Great Britain) led to his brief expulsion from the Labour Party in March to November 1939 (along with Stafford Cripps and C.P. Trevelyan). But, he was readmitted in November 1939, after agreeing "to refrain from conducting or taking part in campaigns in opposition to the declared policy of the Party."
He was a strong critic of the policies of Neville Chamberlain, arguing that his old enemy Winston Churchill should be given power. During the war he was one of the main leaders of the left in the Commons, opposing the wartime Coalition government. Bevan opposed the heavy censorship imposed on radio and newspapers and wartime Defence Regulation 18B, which gave the Home Secretary the powers to intern citizens without trial. Bevan called for the nationalization of the coal industry and advocated the opening of a Second Front in Western Europe in order to help the Soviet Union in its fight with Germany. Churchill responded by calling Bevan "… a squalid nuisance."
Bevan believed that the Second World War would give Britain the opportunity to create "a new society." He often quoted an 1855 passage from Karl Marx: "The redeeming feature of war is that it puts a nation to the test. As exposure to the atmosphere reduces all mummies to instant dissolution, so war passes supreme judgment upon social systems that have outlived their vitality." At the beginning of the 1945 general election campaign Bevan told his audience: "We have been the dreamers, we have been the sufferers, now we are the builders. We enter this campaign at this general election, not merely to get rid of the Tory majority. We want the complete political extinction of the Tory Party."
After World War II, when the Communists took control of China. Parliament debated the merits of recognizing the Communist government. Churchill, no friend of Bevan or Mao Zedong, commented that recognition would be advantageous to the United Kingdom for various reasons and added, "Just because you recognize someone does not mean you like him. We all, for example, recognize the Right Honourable Member from Ebbw Vale."
The collective principle asserts that… no society can legitimately call itself civilized if a sick person is denied medical aid because of lack of means.
On the "appointed day," July 5 1948, having overcome political opposition from both the Conservative Party and from within his own party, and after a dramatic showdown with the British Medical Association, which had threatened to derail the National Health Service scheme before it had even begun, as medical practitioners continued to withhold their support just months before the launch of the service, Bevan's National Health Service Act of 1946 came into force. After 18 months of ongoing dispute between the Ministry of Health and the BMA, Bevan finally managed to win over the support of the vast majority of the medical profession by offering a couple of minor concessions, but without compromising on the fundamental principles of his NHS proposals. Bevan later gave the famous quote that, in order to broker the deal, he had "stuffed their mouths with gold." Some 2,688 voluntary and municipal hospitals in England and Wales were nationalized and came under Bevan's supervisory control as Health Minister.
The National Health service and the Welfare State have come to be used as interchangeable terms, and in the mouths of some people as terms of reproach. Why this is so it is not difficult to understand, if you view everything from the angle of a strictly individualistic competitive society. A free health service is pure Socialism and as such it is opposed to the hedonism of capitalist society.
Statue of Bevan in Cardiff.
Substantial bombing damage and the continued existence of pre-war slums in many parts of the country made the task of housing reform particularly challenging for Bevan. Indeed, these factors, exacerbated by post-war restrictions on the availability of building materials and skilled labor, collectively served to limit Bevan's achievements in this area. 1946 saw the completion of 55,600 new homes; this rose to 139,600 in 1947, and 227,600 in 1948. While this was not an insignificant achievement, Bevan's rate of house building was seen as less of an achievement than that of his Conservative (indirect) successor, Harold Macmillan, who was able to complete some 300,000 a year as Minister for Housing in the 1950s. Macmillan was able to concentrate full-time on Housing, instead of being obliged, like Bevan, to combine his housing portfolio with that for Health (which for Bevan took the higher priority). However, critics said that the cheaper housing built by Macmillan was exactly the poor standard of housing that Bevan was aiming to replace. Macmillan's policies led to the building of cheap, mass-production high-rise tower blocks, which have been heavily criticized since.
Bevan was appointed Minister of Labour in 1951, but soon resigned in protest at Hugh Gaitskell's introduction of prescription charges for dental care and spectacles—created in order to meet the financial demands imposed by the Korean War. Appointment to the Labour Ministry was widely regarded as a demotion, or a sideways move. Having "carried out the tasks set him with distinction, it was not unreasonable for Bevan to expect promotion to one of the key cabinet posts, either the foreign secretary, or chancellor of the exchequer."
In 1952, Bevan published In Place of Fear, "the most widely read socialist book" of the period, according to a highly critical right-wing Labour MP Anthony Crosland. Bevan begins: "A young miner in a South Wales colliery, my concern was with the one practical question: Where does power lie in this particular state of Great Britain, and how can it be attained by the workers?" In 1954, Gaitskell beat Bevan in a hard fought contest to be the Treasurer of the Labour Party.
Out of the Cabinet, Bevan soon initiated a split within the Labour Party between the right and the left. For the next five years Bevan was the leader of the left-wing of the Labour Party, who became known as Bevanites. They criticized high defense expenditure (especially for nuclear weapons) and opposed the more reformist stance of Clement Attlee. When the first British hydrogen bomb was exploded in 1955, Bevan led a revolt of 57 Labour MPs and abstained on a key vote. The Parliamentary Labour Party voted 141 to 113 to withdraw the whip from him, but it was restored within a month due to his popularity.
After the 1955 general election, Attlee retired as leader. Bevan contested the leadership against both Morrison and Labour right-winger Hugh Gaitskell but it was Gaitskell who emerged victorious. Bevan's remark that "I know the right kind of political Leader for the Labour Party is a kind of desiccated calculating machine" was assumed to refer to Gaitskell, although Bevan denied it (commenting upon Gaitskell's record as Chancellor of the Exchequer as having "proved" this). However, Gaitskell was prepared to make Bevan Shadow Colonial Secretary, and then Shadow Foreign Secretary in 1956. In this position, he was a vocal critic of the government's actions in the Suez Crisis, noticeably delivering high profile speeches in Trafalgar Square on November 4, 1956, at a protest rally, and devastating the government's actions and arguments in the House of Commons on December 5, 1956. That year, he was finally elected as party treasurer, beating George Brown.
Bevan dismayed many of his supporters when, speaking at the 1957 Labour Party conference, he decried unilateral nuclear disarmament, saying "It would send a British Foreign Secretary naked into the conference-chamber." This statement is often misconstrued. Bevan argued that unilateralism would result in Britain's loss of allies. One interpretation of Bevan's metaphor is that the nakedness comes from the lack of allies, not the lack of weapons.
In 1959, despite suffering from terminal cancer, Bevan was elected as Deputy Leader of the Labour Party. He could do little in his new role and died the next year at the age of 62.
His last speech in the House of Commons, in which Bevan referred to the difficulties of persuading the electorate to support a policy which would make them less well-off in the short term but more prosperous in the long term, was quoted extensively in subsequent years.
Bevan's enduring political legacy Britain's National Health Service, which many people consider to be one of the finest institutions ever developed within the public sector of the United Kingdom. On the negative side, he split the Labour Party and contributed to a long-lasting feud between those on the left and those on the right. Over the coming half-century, this helped to keep Labour out of power for much of the rest of the twentieth century.
In 2004, over 40 years after his death, he was voted first in a list of 100 Welsh Heroes, this being credited much to his contribution to the Welfare State after World War Two. "Ask anybody in Britain to name a Welsh politician who made a major contribution," says the tribute, and 90 percent would name him.
"We have so much to thank Nye for," people reported, "he changed the lives of so many people for the better."
Never embroiled in corruption or scandal, Bevan appears to have had a genuine desire to serve his nation. When people enjoyed economic security, they would work, he believed, to better others as well as themselves. "Emotional concern for individual life," he said, "is the most significant quality of a civilized human being" and can never be achieved if limited to any particular "colour, race, religion, nation or class." His "religion" was "loving his fellow men and trying to serve them" and he could kneel with reverence in "chapel, synagogue or …mosque" in respect for a friend's faith although "he never pretended to be … other than ... a humanist." Socialism for him was committed to advancing the individual but always located individuals in society, thus it is always "compassionate and tolerant" and concerned with the "advancement of society as a whole." A genuinely democratic and socialist government never proscribes because political action is always "a choice between a number of possible alternatives" Systems that exclude some from participation inevitably produce inequality and class friction, since, "social relationships become warped by self-interest".
1944. Why Not Trust The Tories?. Published under the pseudonym, 'Celticus'. London, UK: V. Gollancz Ltd.
1952. In Place of Fear. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster. 1990. London, UK: Quartet. ISBN 9780704301221.
with Charles Webster. 1991. Aneurin Bevan on the National Health Service. Oxford, UK: University of Oxford, Welcome Unit for the History of Medicine. ISBN 9780906844090.
Laugharne, Peter J. (ed). 1996. Aneurin Bevan - A Parliamentary Odyssey: Volume I, Speeches at Westminster 1929-1944. Liverpool, UK: Manutius Press. ISBN 9781873534137.
Laugharne, Peter J (ed). 2000. Aneurin Bevan - A Parliamentary Odyssey: Volume II, Speeches at Westminster 1945-1960. Liverpool, UK: Manutius Press. ISBN 9781873534168.
↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 BBC, Aneurin Bevan—Labour's lost leader. Retrieved July 19, 2008.
↑ 4.0 4.1 100 Welsh Heroes, Aneurin Bevan. Retrieved July 19, 2008.
↑ Socialist Health Association, Aneurin Bevan and the foundation of the NHS. Retrieved July 19, 2008.
↑ Beckett. 2004. page 129.
Beckett, Clare, and Francis Beckett. 2004. Bevan. London: Haus. ISBN 9781904341635.
Campbell, John. 1987. Aneurin Bevan and the Mirage of British Socialism. New York: Norton. ISBN 9780393024524.
Crosland, Anthony. 1957. 1994. The Future of Socialism. New York: Macmillan. ISBN 9781851962204.
Foot, Michael. 1963. Aneurin Bevan, a Biography. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 9780689105876.
Goodman, Geoffrey. 1997. The State of the Nation: The Political Legacy of Aneurin Bevan. London: V. Gollancz. ISBN 9780575063082.
Lee, Jennie. 1980. My Life with Nye. London: Cape. ISBN 9780224017855.
Rintala, Marvin. 2003. Creating the National Health Service: Aneurin Bevan and the Medical Lords. London: Frank Cass. ISBN 9780714655062.
Aneurin Bevan and the foundation of the NHS.
This page was last modified on 21 March 2016, at 14:53.
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Scheveningen is the most popular seaside resort in the Netherlands, where you can have a lovely time both in the summer and the winter. As well as the wide beach and the charming promenade, this seaside resort has a wide range of attractions and museums, such as the Casino, the Circustheater musical theatre, a large cinema complex, the renovated Pier and an indoor shopping mall. In other words, Scheveningen is not just a place to relax on the beach, but it has plenty of other activities to offer.
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How do I add my Exchange calendar to my iPhone and/or iPad?
Getting your Exchange calendar on your iPhone or iPad.
1) Go to the App Store and search for Microsoft Outlook.
2) Download the Microsoft Outlook app.
3) Log in with your credentials and select the "Calendar" option on the bottom to view your calendar.
There is another way to get your exchange calendar on your iOS device as well.
2) Go to "Accounts & Passwords".
3) Go to "Add Account".
5) Enter your Exchange Info.
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What does the near future have in store for us? It looks full of self-driving cars, built-in curators for Netflix queues, and homes that know your temperature preferences better than you do. Artificial intelligence is likely to touch on every aspect of our lives, and there’s no telling what crazy innovations we’ll be seeing in the next decade. It’s difficult to be completely certain when it comes to artificial intelligence, but it’s a pretty safe bet that it will change the customer experience as we know it (and likely sooner than later).
Chatbots are becoming exceptional for personalized, interactive communication akin to what a human representative can offer. Please bear in mind: that doesn’t mean chatbots are coming to replace service agents. Leaving the menial tasks to the robots presents an opportunity for organizations to evolve their approach to self-service support. Support agents won’t be as bogged down with low-level duties, like password resets, and can focus more on bigger and more complex initiatives.
Artificial intelligence customer support will likely have some capability to direct the customer journey, and point customers towards alternative support channels when necessary. For example, a quick chat through a messaging program generally leads to a faster resolution than an email response would. Customer service AI can recognize a common issue that’s best resolved through a particular channel and direct customers towards it. This provides mutual convenience for customers and agents: customers have their issues solved efficiently, agents stick to (or improve) their service level agreements (SLA), and overworked support channels finally catch a break.
AI for customer service has some serious potential to speed up ticket resolution times. Not only can automated services provide quick answers to most support queries, it can make representatives more readily available to handle tougher issues that the robots can’t. Customer support powered by machine learning will eventually provide extra assistance to agents, like with suggestions for how to best handle a particular issue. The capability for customer service AI to recognize patterns and learn basic human-like behaviors could make artificial intelligence as helpful to agents as it could be to customers.
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What can I do to reduce my risk of having a premature baby?
Get prenatal care as soon as you think you're pregnant and go to every appointment. Go even if you feel fine.
If you smoke, stop smoking. It's best to stop before you get pregnant. If you can't stop, try to cut down. Avoid secondhand smoke.
If you use drugs or herbal remedies or supplements that are not prescribed by your health care provider, stop using them. It's best to stop before you get pregnant. Talk to your health care provider about prescription medications you are taking.
Try to reduce stress. Ask friends and family for help. Rest and relax whenever you can.
If you're in an abusive relationship, talk to someone. Abuse often gets worse during pregnancy. Do what you need to do to protect yourself and your baby.
If you feel burning or pain when you urinate, you may have an infection. Call your health care provider.
Know the signs of preterm labor and what to do if you have any of them.
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Movie results for: "Alex O'Loughlin"
TV show results for: "Alex O'Loughlin"
Three Rivers is an American television medical drama that debuted on CBS on October 4, 2009, starring Alex O'Loughlin in the role of an infamous transplant surgeon in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. On November 30, 2009, after just eight episodes of the season had aired, CBS announced that Three Rivers had been pulled from their schedule with no plans to have it returned, and the series was later officially cancelled. However, the series later returned to the network on June 5, 2010 to burn off the remaining unaired episodes.
In 1788, Mary Bryant, a starving young Cornwall girl, is convicted of a petty crime and sentenced to seven years in the Australian penal colony of Botany Bay. When Mary initiates an escape, she embarks on an arduous four thousand-mile journey toward freedom in a tragic and triumphant story that would make her one of history's most fascinating and courageous unsung heroines.
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Where can I find absentee voting guidelines for my state?
Absentee voting (aka "mail-in voting" and "by-mail voting") is conducted by mail-in ballot before the day of the election. Some states require a valid excuse (such as unavoidable absence from your county on election day) before they'll issue an absentee ballot. An increasing number of states offer "no excuse absentee voting"; these states will let any registered voter cast an absentee ballot.
The Vote.org website includes a form for filing for absentee voting.
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Gcse coursework Section 2 Components of fitness There are five components of fitness. These are known as: * Cardiovascular Endurance * Muscular Endurance * Speed * Strength * Flexibility Different components of fitness are needed in different situations. There is not just one single aspect of training that makes up fitness. This is because all sports are different in their own ways, which require very varied programmes of training. For example, the type of training for a ballet dancer and a javelin thrower would be extremely different. All of these components of fitness listed above are health related which mean that each specific areas of fitness concern a person's health rather than those elements of fitness involved in the performance of skill. It is what everybody should have regardless of whether or not they do sport as it keeps the body working efficiently. Keeping the body fit includes the following components. Cardiovascular Endurance Cardiovascular endurance requires the heart and blood vessels to supply oxygen for the working muscles for long periods of time. It depends greatly on the capacity of the heart and circulatory system. ...read more.
* Speed training is performed by using huigh velocity for brief intervals. This will ultimately bring into play the correct neuromuscular pathways and energy sources used. * Speed is how fast something can be done and how much time it takes to do that action. The differential rate at which an individual can perform a movement or cover a distance in a period of time. Strength The amounts of force a muscle can exert against a resistance Flexibility The range of movement possible at a joint. Skill related components Success in sporting does not always rest solely upon the components of fitness. To be successful we need to add certain skill related components. The following are all components of skill: * Agility * Balance * Co-ordination * Speed of reaction * Timing Like other fitness components, skill related components can also vary in importance from one activity to another. Agility Agility is the ability to change direction quickly. It involves the performer's ability to move in a controlled way. Agility is specific to freedom and ease of whole body movement. Agility is used in football as players need to adjust their feet promptly in order to position their bodies before making a tackle or pass, or to turn quickly whilst on the move. ...read more.
Even though the nature of the responses may be different, the mechanisms involved are exact and essentially involve two closely related processes: * Reaction time * Movement time Reaction time is the time it takes between the initial stimulus for example, the ball is seen to be kicked towards the goal and the initiation of a response on the part of the goalkeeper (he starts to move to stop the ball). Movement time is the time taken between the initiation of a response and the completion of the movement. So, it's the time taken between the goalkeeper deciding on the right move to save the goal and his starting to move (initiation of the response) and making the save itself (completion of the movement). Response time -the speed of reaction- is the total amount of time between the initial stimulus, the response to it and the completion of that response, so that: Reaction time + Movement time = response time Timing Timing is simply about performing a skill at the right time or in the right way so that it is effective. The timing of a pass in football can be crucial. Timing can be influenced by internal mechanisms, the degree to which we can relate to and respond to what others are doing in a game. ...read more.
Your competitive level is far more serious and the amount of practice is much more than it was at the sporting level. Also at this level with the help of a coach you should be able to recognise your strengths and weaknesses and devise a training programme to improve.
equipment I was using, as I had a week break due to half term and was unable to continue my weekly work out. As a result, to this week missed, I thought I might experience some form of reversibility, as my muscles were not use to the weight.
Shuttle runs are also a good way of improving agility with training as you have to turn quickly in small spaces. REACTION TIME Reaction time is the time it takes to respond to a stimulus. The stimulus could be a starting pistol in a race, or a ball being returned over the net in tennis.
Official Competitions * Up to a maximum of three substitutes may be used in any match played in an official competition organised under the auspices of FIFA, the confederations or the member associations. * The rules of the competition must state how many substitutes may be nominated, from three up to a maximum of seven.
I am going to have my performer working at 65% of her maximum heart rate. T. The time or duration that the exercise is in progress. For aerobic type activities, the athlete should be training within his/her/my training zones for a minimum of 20-30 minutes.
allows you to maintain a heart rate between 90 and 108 beats per minute for the duration of the workout. If your heart rate goes above 108, slow down, less than 90, speed up. Your target heart range should be 90 to 108 beats per minute, whether the activity lasts 10 minutes or an hour.
There shouldn't be no finger movements just fingers straight. -After three turns the fourth is held for 2 seconds and recorded Normative table of the sit and reach test The normative table has being created for the purpose for the sportsperson or non-sport person to check in what category he/she are in.
After about ten seconds, allow the muscle to relax. Then, perform a regular stretch for about 10-15 seconds. Repeat this step a few times for maximum benefit. PNF stretching is that for the most rapid improvement in flexibility and joint range of motion then daily stretching of a given muscle group is not recommended.
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Categorized as: Stories on August 16, 2014.
Every citizen of and ex-pat from Haiti has a story: where they were on the day of the January 2010 earthquake. Many Americans also recall how the horror of that day brought Haiti into the forefront of the world’s attention. . . briefly. Guest post by Karen Ansara, whose family launched a fund to support grassroots rebuilding by Haitians, for Haitians, long after the disaster.
Editor’s note: Our family has a strong passion for social justice, but passion alone gets us nowhere: We must take action that’s carefully tailored to each unique setting. This summer, I jumped at the chance to travel to Haiti and learn from a Haitian-American team about the issues facing this small Caribbean nation, before and after the 2010 earthquake. I found a country whose heart beats strong, long after oppression by colonialists and slavery ended in the 1805 revolution that launched the world’s first black nation; a place whose spirit rises above the rubble after decades of deforestation, poverty, corruption, and natural disasters. To my surprise, I found a tiny nation as patriotic as my own, built—and rebuilt—by pioneers who know exactly what they want to create on their own soil. Visiting fifteen advocacy, human rights, education, agricultural, and livelihood nonprofits and social enterprises, our group saw what can happen when an outsider like Karen comes in, dares to listen, and then lets someone else take the lead.
By Karen Ansara of The Haiti Fund.
Over the last five years, my husband Jim and I have developed “upside down heads and hearts” for Haiti. Before the earthquake struck, we knew very, very little about this country, except for what we had read in the life-changing book, Mountains Beyond Mountains, about the founding of Partners in Health in Haiti. We made one small grant after four storms ravaged Haiti in 2008. Then, in 2009, Jim was presented with the extraordinary privilege to travel to Haiti and meet Dr. Paul Farmer—the protagonist of Mountains Beyond Mountains.
Forty hours after the earthquake, on a sleep-deprived impulse—and after just briefly visiting and working in Haiti—we launched The Haiti Fund in partnership with the Boston Foundation, where we already had a donor advised fund. We had seen on the news the intense suffering not only on the island, but also in Boston, which has the third largest Haitian community in the U.S.
The Haiti Fund turned the Boston Foundation completely “Tet Anba.” It had never had an international initiative before. Every employee was engaged at full-tilt to raise funds to match a million dollar challenge grant in a month.
1/4 of the money would be spent immediately to save lives in Haiti and support Haitians in Boston reeling from the earthquake.
3/4 would be spent on long-term reconstruction and defending human rights in Haiti.
The only problem was: I didn’t know a single Haitian in the Boston area. I didn’t know that Haiti was the first free black nation. I didn’t know most Haitians spoke Creole. I did know that Haiti had suffered under brutal dictators, had had a leftist Priest-President, and I had suspected that the US had meddled in Haiti to protect its business interests. Beyond that, I had everything to learn about Haiti.
To compensate for my ignorance, I thought I knew a few things about international philanthropy—but Haiti turned those things “Tet Anba,” too.
After more than a decade of making international grants, plus completing a course on strategic philanthropy two years earlier, I knew how to identify a problem and develop a theory of change to solve it. I knew how to review a proposal and deploy money to make things happen. But I sure didn’t know much about how to choose in an instant the best organizations to save lives during a disaster or how to change centuries of deep-rooted oppression in Haiti.
The lessons I have learned from my wise Haitian American colleagues, passionate Haiti activists, and funders have turned my preconceived notions about international philanthropy “Tet Anba.” I will share with you just three of many lessons.
1. Focus on partners, not plans.
In “strategic philanthropy,” we (generally outsiders) articulate a problem as we see it. We create an “if-then” equation to solve it: “If we target money here, change will happen there.” We find “thought leaders” and practitioners with solutions on our pre-charted path and we fund them. If we meet our shared goals, we all feel really good about ourselves.
Through “Tet Anba Philanthropy” I have come to embrace that as funders we don’t have all the answers. We seek partners who have lived the problems, and try to look at life through their lenses. In “Tet Anba Philanthropy,” we practice subjectivity, rather than false objectivity, acknowledging that money is power and is never neutral. “Tet Anba Philanthropy” takes sides to empower rather than serve the people.
For several weeks after the earthquake we held public events were attended by hundreds of Haitains. They kept saying that no one was asking them for their help or their opinions – even though Haiti was their homeland and they often supported family there. So we decided we would ask Haitians in Boston to lead… And that’s when the learning really started.
The bottom line: we didn’t start with a plan for Haiti’s reconstruction. We didn’t start with certain NGOs, sectors, or geographies. We just created a space for Haitians to examine their own realities and work together to set their own collective agenda. This was revolutionary for a people for whom sovereignty and independent decision-making has always been so elusive. Simply being heard in Haiti, can be a “Tet Anba” experience.
2. Focus on empowerment, not impact.
The second “Tet Anba” lesson is closely related to the first: so much of the discourse in philanthropy today is about how to ensure the broadest and most measurable impact with our limited dollars. I find “impact” to be an aggressive term. It is about what “we” do to “someone or something” else. It is about the size of the indelible crater we leave after we funders have moved on.
After my Haiti Fund years, I care far less about measurable impact and much more about signs of empowerment. Have our grants helped Haitians find their own voices? Have we enabled and ennobled grassroots leaders—too long dismissed by elites, politicians and foreign interests—to articulate their own visions and celebrate their own collective assets? Have we held these leaders and their organizations to the highest standards of ethics, professionalism, and practice—and given them the tools, training and trust needed to achieve their greatest aspirations for themselves and their communities?
At the Haiti Fund we could probably tell you about the number of irrigation trenches dug, grain mills built, or formerly unschooled children enrolled with our funds. But that’s not the real impact we’ve made. The real impact of this kind of philanthropy is evidenced by whether we have left Haitian organizations prouder and more powerful to work things out together—to improve their communities and society—over the very, very long haul, long after we funders have gone home and stopped measuring.
3. Focus on depth, not breadth.
Because poverty is undeniably multi-layered, I have learned to peel off the layers of the onion in a local context instead of trying to go quickly to scale. It’s not just about lack of income, lack of infrastructure, lack of education, lack of health care, or lack of any particular resource. Poverty may also be perpetuated by entrenched social norms, by structural and internalized oppression, by lack of a political voice or right to hold one’s government accountable. I have seen that all of these layers must be addressed for an individual or a community to move forward. Our goal is not the number of lives touched or specific behaviors changed, but the number of communities transformed—and that requires digging deep into the spiritual, intellectual, social, economic, and physical ecosystems which shape individuals.
When we first established the Haiti Fund I envisioned rebuilding broken urban infrastructure, like schools and hospitals, homes and roads. Based on the deep wisdom of our Advisory Council and incomparable staff, we chose instead to repair a crippled agrarian economy, help Haitian farmers organize to feed themselves and their country, block competitive, cheap foreign food imports, and to hold USAID accountable. We chose to help the most oppressed Haitian children – 200,000 indentured servants – go to fast track primary schools to have a shot at dignity and independent futures. We chose to train teachers to view teaching as a profession rather than just food on the table. We chose to support painstakingly long dialogues, neighborhood by neighborhood, to change social norms against child abuse, domestic violence and corporal punishment in schools. We chose to invest in rebuilding social trust among people who for centuries have been pitted against each other.
When you turn the power dynamics in philanthropy upside down, when your “head is underneath,” you can see the day-to-day needs and dreams of grassroots Haitians all the more clearly.
The Haiti Fund had one mission: To help Haitians rebuild their own country after the January, 2010 earthquake. Having raised and disbursed $2.1 million in grants to the grassroots nonprofits and community-based organizations listed here, The Haiti Fund plans to close on the fifth anniversary, in hope that others will carry the torch for the country their founders, staff, and residents so dearly love. For more information, visit the Boston Foundation website or call 617-338-1700.
Cover photograph courtesy of The Haiti Fund; all other photographs by Suzanne Skees.
LEARN more about the Haiti earthquake and its aftermath here.
DONATE directly to the grantees of The Haiti Fund here.
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What are the five Big Ideas of Biology? How are they connected to each other and the five Levels of Biology?
Figure 2. The five Big Ideas of biology, with the five size scales embedded in each Big Idea.
1. Living systems have multiple mechanisms to store, retrieve, and transmit information.
2. The diversity and unity of life can be explained by the process of evolution.
3. Cells are a fundamental structural and functional unit of life.
4. Interdependent relationships characterize biological systems, and these interactions give rise to emergent properties.
5. Biological systems maintain homeostasis.
An ecological system, also known as an ecosystem, is a biological system composed of communities of organisms, which are composed of populations, which are composed of individuals. Individuals are composed of cells that perform functions determined by the molecular composition. ICB contains 30 chapters. Chapters 1–15 explore all five Big Ideas at molecular, cellular, and within-organismal scales. Chapters 16–30 explore all five Big Ideas in organismal, population, and ecological system scales. In each chapter, students are reminded of connections to other chapters so that they can see the continuity of life across all size scales.
In ICB, the key concepts of biology do not exist in isolation from each other; rather, they interact with each other at all scales of life. For instance, individual animals maintain and regulate homeostasis in response to information received from interactions with their environment. The mechanisms for maintenance are often at the cellular and molecular levels. The ability to maintain a particular condition or composition can be altered by evolutionary processes, and the interactions can lead to emergent properties. Biologists know that the five Big Ideas overlap with each other across all size scales. ICB connects many concepts as they pertain to different Big Ideas and size scales. For example, students will explore information at the molecular level of DNA in Chapter 1, but soon realize that information is a key component of life at every size level as they read Chapters 2 and 3 and then Chapters 16–18.
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Carlos Ghosn 'held hostage' by Japan legal system, says lawyer Image copyright Getty Images Image caption Mr Ghosn and his wife were subject to a "brutal" experience when he was re-arrested, the family's lawyer says Carlos Ghosn's family lawyer has said the former Nissan boss is being "held hostage" by the Japanese legal system. Jessica Finelle told the BBC Mr Ghosn's "arbitrary detention" violated his right to a fair trial and says a complaint has been filed with the UN. She said the standard of his treatment did not meet international norms. His wife, Carole Ghosn, was also a victim of the "brutal" manner in which his re-arrest was conducted, she added. Mrs Ghosn said she felt "in danger" and has now returned to France to ask the government there to intervene on her husband's behalf. 'Pressurised'The former boss of Nissan was first detained in November, and has since been charged with several transgressions including under-reporting his pay pa..
Indonesia 2019 elections: All you need to know Image copyright Getty Images Image caption Indonesians will soon cast their ballots Some 192 million people in Indonesia will be eligible to cast their votes on 17 April, in what has been called one of the most complicated single-day elections in history. The election will see two familiar faces square up: the incumbent Joko Widodo, known as Jokowi, and his long-time rival Prabowo Subianto. Here's what you need to know: What's going to happen on 17 April?Indonesia's presidential, parliamentary and regional elections will all be taking place simultaneously. Some 245,000 candidates will be running for more than 20,000 national and local legislative seats across Indonesia. India - with a population of five times as many people - votes in rolling elections that take place over two months. Indonesian voters will have one day, making it "one of the most complicated single-day elections in global history," according to the Lowy..
A really simple guide to India’s general election Image copyright Getty Images Click or tap on an underlined word for a short definition or explanation It is an election like no other. Those eligible to vote in India’s upcoming polls represent more than 10% of the world’s population and they will take part in the largest democratic exercise in history. Skip largest democratic exercise India held its first elections in 1951-2 after the country gained independence from the UK in 1947. This year there are more than 900 million eligible voters – nearly four times as many as the United States – the next largest democracy. End of largest democratic exercise Voters will choose representatives for the Indian parliament, and in turn decide if Hindu nationalist Prime Minister Narendra Modi will run the country for another five years. What is at stake? Whoever wins these elections and forms a government will control the destiny of the world's largest democracy. While they are in charge,..
Huawei wi-fi modules were pulled from Pakistan CCTV system Image caption The surveillance system was built to monitor Lahore's streets following a series of terrorist attacks Huawei removed wi-fi transmitting cards from a Pakistan-based surveillance system's CCTV cabinets after they were discovered by the project's staff. Punjab Safe City Authority (PSCA) told BBC Panorama it had told the firm to remove the modules in 2017 "due to [a] potential of misuse". The authority said that the Chinese firm had previously made mention of the cards in its bidding documents. But a source involved in the project suggested the reference was obscure. A spokesman for Huawei said there had been a "misunderstanding". He added that the cards had been installed to provide diagnostic information, but said he was unable to discuss the matter further. The PSCA confirmed that the explanation it had been given was that wi-fi connectivity could have made it easier for engineers to troubleshoot pr..
Bomb kills three US soldiers in Afghanistan Image copyright Getty Images Image caption The attack happened near Bagram air base (file image) Three US service members and one contractor have been killed by an improvised explosive device in Afghanistan. Three other service members were injured, a statement from the military says. The device exploded close to Bagram air base, 50km (31 miles) from the capital, Kabul. Earlier three people were killed in twin explosions in the eastern Afghan city of Jalalabad.
Do celebrities deserve private time? Image copyright Youku Image caption Hong Kong rapper Jackson Wang crying on talent show Chuang! What would you be prepared to sacrifice for a life in the spotlight? Hong Kong rapper Jackson Wang has sparked a debate on social media after admitting that he does not have time to see his mum and dad. Speaking on the talent show Chuang!, Wang burst into tears as he explained that he had drifted apart from his ageing father. Wang, who has multiple commitments as both a TV presenter, solo artist and is also a member of K-Pop group Got7, said: "I don't think I have any time to spend with my father." Social media users in China are now discussing whether high-profile figures are entitled to a personal life or whether a lack of free time is simply the price of fame. Some people have little sympathy for the 25-year-old's situation, telling him not to be emotional. "You sometimes have to lose something to gain something, you can't have the ..
Vegan protests: 'Un-Australian' activists arrested, PM Morrison says Image copyright EPA Image caption Police forcibly removed some protesters from a busy intersection in Melbourne Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison has criticised animal rights activists as "shameful and un-Australian" after dozens were arrested in nationwide protests. On Monday, activists broke into abattoirs and chained themselves up to protest against the meat industry. More than 100 protesters also blocked one of Melbourne's main intersections, before many were forcibly removed. Mr Morrison said the activism was damaging to farmers' livelihoods. "This is just another form of activism that I think runs against the national interest, and the national interest is [farmers] being able to farm their own land," he told radio station 2GB. He later called on state authorities to bring "the full force of the law... against these green-collared criminals". Australia is second only to the US for mea..
Carlos Ghosn: Nissan ousts former boss from its board Image copyright Getty Images Nissan shareholders have voted to oust the company's former boss Carlos Ghosn from its board. The decision to sever ties with Mr Ghosn was made at a an extraordinary shareholders meeting held on Monday. Mr Ghosn was re-arrested in Tokyo last week while out on bail pending trial over claims of financial misconduct. Shareholders also voted to remove Mr Ghosn's former right-hand man Greg Kelly, and to appoint Renault chairman Jean-Dominique Senard as a director. Mr Ghosn's fall from grace and lengthy detention has attracted global attention. The Japanese carmaker sacked Mr Ghosn as chairman shortly after he was first detained in November. 'Outrageous'Mr Ghosn was the architect of the alliance between Nissan and French carmaker Renault, and brought Mitsubishi on board in 2016. He is credited with turning around the fortunes of Nissan and Renault over several years. He was first det..
Cho Yang-ho: Korean Air chairman and 'nut rage' father dies at 70 Image copyright Getty Images The chairman of Korean Air, one of Asia's biggest airlines, has passed away in the US, the company said. Korean Air said in a statement that Cho Yang-ho, 70, died at a hospital in Los Angeles on 7 April, without providing further details. His leadership was overshadowed by several family scandals, including the infamous "nut rage" incident. Mr Cho, who was on trial for corruption, was ousted from the company board in March. His son Cho Won-tae, Korean Air's president, is expected to succeed him as chairman, the Financial Times said. 'Nut rage' family's Korean Air HQ raided Korean Air 'nut rage' sisters step down 'Nut rage' flight attendant gets $18,000 The Cho family made international headlines after a "nut rage" incident in 2014 involving Cho Hyun-ah, the eldest daughter of Cho Yang-ho. Ms Cho ordered a plane to turn back on the runway..
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What is better than a good Summer road trip? You get to explore new areas every day, and you get to set the pace for your activities. In my little family Summer has become synonymous with road trips, and our favorite route is from our home in Seattle all the way to somewhere in Southern California. While the sighs and attractions we see each time change, the reasons why we take this road trip year after year do not.
Here are my 8 reasons that I hope will convince you to take a US West Coast road trip!
Road trips mean camping, and there is no better camping than spots next to the ocean.
Our trip started in Seattle, where we made it to the coast via Cape Disappointment. An unfortunate name given to the most South Western corner of Washington State, this state park has views of insane crashing waves and a long and quiet beach. There is a handy highway that you can begin here that will take you all the way through Oregon: Highway 101.
Haystack Rock in Cannon Beach is a sight not to be missed!
Our first night was spent camping at Cape Lookout State Park. At $30 for a non-powered campsite, it is a steal. You fall asleep to the sound of crashing waves and you are always less than a five minute walk from the beach. Camping on this road trip was amazing because of the sites we were able to book. There is nothing quite like falling asleep to and waking up surrounded by the sounds of the ocean.
Day Two was all about uncovering new gems along the Oregon Coast. This was the first time we would be following the 101 all the way to the California border, and we planned to stop everywhere the daylight would allow.
Although the day started off rainy, we were determined not to let that ruin our time together. Because Adrian and I spent two and a half years living on almost opposite sides of the continent, our time together really mattered. We used this time to road trip together and make amazing new memories.
The day was filled with some awesome things. I finally found sea stars in some tide pools (after years of dutifully searching!) We discovered a pristine beach with literally no one else in sight (I will give you the nearest city-Yachats- and leave the rest up to you!) and we ended off the day viewing the sunset from the top of some sea stacks.
That night we set up camp in the dark (an adventure itself) underneath towering Northern California redwoods. Road trips give you an opportunity to make new memories while spending lots of quality time with friends, family, or partners.
Our first full day in California was filled with expected stops.
After checking out of our KOA campground, we ventured through a forest of Redwoods. The temperature kept climbing and we realized this was a perfect opportunity to find a swimming hole. Sounds easy enough since we were in a forest, but it was a lot harder than expected. After asking for directions in a small town and not being able to find the location, we were ready to give up.
The towering redwoods are so huge that you can fit inside of them!
As we continued driving we spotted a river through the trees and followed it until we could find road side access. Through a bunch of redwoods so big I could fit inside of them there was a quiet and slow enough moving river for a swim. We spent time cooling off and enjoying the peacefulness around us.
That night we stayed with a friend in Sunnyvale, and had a story to tell about the refreshing river we had had all to ourselves. Sometimes the unexpected places end up being the best!
The river was so clear and so quiet!
We could have stayed there for hours!
Arguably the best part of a US West Coast road trip is being next to the ocean. By the time you reach California, depending on the time of the year, it is sometimes swimmable.
After grabbing breakfast in Menlo Park we headed back to the coast to reach Carmel-by-the-Sea. If you have never heard of it, you are not alone. It is a quiet gem located between busy Santa Cruz and the better known Big Sur.
You never know what to expect in Carmel. Sometimes we have been there and the whole town is covered in sea fog. Sometimes it is cold and cloudy. This day it was just perfect! It was sunny, the water was fairly warm and the tide had created a wide and shallow pool further up on the beach. We enjoyed our time soaking up all the sun, and Mason frolicked in the waves for what seemed like forever.
In the afternoon we dropped Mason off with a dog sitter and headed to nearby Point Lobos State Reserve. The crystal clear China Cove and the abundant wildlife are good enough reasons to check it out, but there are so many different trails to discover at this preserve.
China Cove in Point Lobos- that is not all seaweed, there are seals lounging on the beach!
We ended off our day in the best way possible: visiting McWay waterfall at sunset and camping at Kirk Creek Campground, in a site located on the top of a large cliff overlooking the ocean in Big Sur.
If you’re looking for amazing scenery on your West Coast road trip, make sure to spend some quality time in Big Sur. A stretch of Highway 1 located between Northern and Southern California, it offers some of the state’s best views.
Carmel-by-the-Sea is the cutest town ever!
The sea fog in Big Sur clearing!
After experiencing sea fog in the morning, we decided to head back to Carmel to eat breakfast. After it had cleared we set out to explore as much of Big Sur as possible on Day 5. We stumbled upon a film set on one of our “secret” beaches, and met the producer of what would become the hit miniseries “Big Little Lies”. We stopped every few minutes at lookouts, peering over the dauntingly high cliffs. And we finally found the purple sand beach we had tried to find the year before.
The purple sand beach was foggy but so cool!
Big Sur never disappoints. That night we camped at an inland campground, Plaskett Creek, located in a forest next to a river. As the sea fog rolled in for the night we were treated to an eerily beautiful scene as a full moon rose above us.
What is a road trip without music? There are so many songs that are tied to specific memories for me, and a lot of those memories are of being on road trips.
Day Six was filled with a whole lot of unintentional driving. We woke up in Big Sur, and visited our favorite colony of elephant seals in San Simeon before completing that drive. While driving past Santa Barbara we made a hasty decision to detour through Los Angeles. At 3 PM. On a week day. Worst. Idea. Ever. The only thing that got us through hours and hours stuck in LA traffic and that got is through getting lost in less than desirable neighborhoods was our entertainment.
We finally made it to Huntington Beach after hours and hours in the car!
A well deserved sunset after a crazy day!
California Gurls reminds me of the first time I visited LA with my best friend, and the OC theme song reminds me of the time my sisters, my husband and I belted it out while crossing the border into California. On an otherwise disastrous day of our road trip, music was there for us. And it always is on road trips. It is the constant on the sometimes monotonous highways that get you to where you’re going.
Road trips give you the freedom to go wherever your car will take you, whenever you want. The next few days were filled with unplanned activities, which are sometimes the best kind.
After the wasted day we woke up in beautiful Laguna Beach, after camping at Crystal Cove State Park. Except that it was not all that beautiful that morning. Considering we were in Southern California, the weather was downright terrible. It was drizzly and cold. Our plans to swim on one of Laguna Beach’s beaches seemed thwarted. It did not ruin our day though. We headed to dog friendly Huntington Beach instead, to let Mason swim. To our surprise the water was warmer than it looked! We got our swim in after all! We had achieved what we had come all the way to Southern California for, and we could now start heading home.
Happy to be swimming at Huntington Beach!
After making it all the way back to the Bay Area, we woke up in Sunnyvale again. The plan was to visit the Winchester Mansion, which we had seen in 2013, but at the last minute Adrian suggested we try something new. So we headed to the Computer History Museum in San Jose (Adrian is a computer programmer!) It turned out to be a really cool museum in which somehow the creators made learning about computers really engaging and fun!
Sometimes the things that are unplanned end up being the highlights of a trip, simply because there is no expectation for them. We ended our adventure on a different note than expected, but a memorable one.
Our last morning started in the forests of Shasta, Northern California. We spent the day driving back to Seattle, which was exhausting. It was made much easier because the USA is an easy country to road trip in.
Who loves road trips more? Us or Mason?
I have road tripped in Canada, in multiple countries in Europe and in New Zealand, and I can say with the utmost confidence that the USA is the best place for road trips. The infrastructure is well put together and maintained, so you never have to worry about getting lost in the middle of nowhere, or not having access to a certain place. There are rest stops at regular intervals and there is always a gas station close by. You will never go hungry even if you forgot your food, because there are handy signs on the highway showing you where you can find something to snack on. The USA has built such a culture around road trips that it is very easy to hop on the bandwagon and join yourself!
If you’re just starting out and have never taken a road trip, the US West Coast is the absolute best place to start. It is not remote enough that you will have to worry about getting stranded, and it gives you the most amazing views!
Road trips involve views like this!
Road trips are something that everyone should try at least once in their lives. If you’re looking for adventure, a road trip is for you!
I’m actually doing a US west coast road trip in a month and I’m so pumped!
I hope you enjoyed it!! West Coast, Best Coast!
Thanks for reading! It really is an amazing trip, I hope you get a chance to do it soon!
I love a good road trip for so many reasons! We were just in Oregon this spring. I have pictures in front of the exact same haystack rock!
Oregon is so underrated, it is GORGEOUS! I have not explored much inland, but the coast is so quiet and empty and beautiful!
This is awesome! I’m also based in Seattle and have been trying to figure out how to road trip with my little kids when they get a bit older. I think we may need to do a road trip through the Oregon coast to test it out!
I definitely need to do a trip like this soon! I used to live in Southern California but it’s been a long time since I’ve been back. The West Coast is gorgeous!
It is a really beautiful route to take, and Southern California is beautiful too!
I love your reasons! The pictures are all so wonderful and it looks like ya’ll had a lot of fun! I also love that your pup was able to tag along!
Thanks!! We had tons of fun, and our dog Mason probably has more fun than us on those road trips! He gets to swim so much!
What a great trip! I love that your dog was able to go with you!
How beautiful, driving the west coast is a bucket list item for me. It looks amazing!
It really is amazing, I hope you get to do it as soon as possible!
Lol at Cape Disappointment! Thank you for writing this post! I think my husband and I are looking into roadtripping and camping along the coast from Seattle down through Cali during the fall, so this is absolutely perfect!
Yeah, I was very skeptical when I first heard the name! Thanks for reading, I hope you have an awesome time when you do make the trip!
Aw, this makes me miss home. I completely agree that road trips through the western US are the best! And, I’ve never heard of purple sand beach…that is so cool.
I searched for it on multiple occasions before we actually found it, it is kind of hidden off a small dirt road. They really are the best!
Love this! Such stunning photos, and your dog is adorable 🙂 I’ve had a west coast road trip on the top of my list for too long, hope to get there soon!
Thanks! Mason knows he is pretty cute and uses it to his advantage lol. I hope you make it here soon, it is an amazing trip to do!
We always have an amazing time doing this trip! Thanks so much, I know you will enjoy it!
Awesome post! This is a road trip I have yet to take, but it’s definitely on my list! I already know that nasty LA traffic will need to be avoided, I cannot stand it!
LA traffic is the WORST! I hope you get to take this trip soon, it’s a beautiful trip!
This is a great itinerary of a west coast road trip! Your photos are absolutely amazing and make me want to jump in the car right now!
Thanks so much! You SHOULD just jump in your car and go!
We take a 30-day road trip every July and love being able to see all these new places. We have yet to do the west coast but it is on our bucket list! Thanks for sharing!
Oh if I had 30 days to do this trip I would be one happy camper! You will have a blast doing this route!
We travel in our RV full time!! Need to check out these destinations!
This would be a perfect trip to RV! Instead of a tent you can just RV in the parks with an even cozier view!
Thanks so much! The West Coast really is the best coast!!!
I love all the pictures! This looks like an amazing trip, I will remember this post when planning our trips for the summer!
Thanks, we loved the trip as well! It is an awesome summer trip!
Your photos are amazing, and your dog is just too cute!! 🙂 <3 Great post!!
Thanks, he definitely knows it and uses it to his advantage haha. Thanks so much!
What beautiful scenery! I have seen a lot of the California coastline but none of the Oregon one. Lovey!
I had seen a lot of California and only visited Oregon for the first time in 2015. I was blown away and keep returning over and over again!
It’s on our travel bucket list to do a road trip like this!! Can’t wait to make it happen some day!
I can’t wait for you to do it! You will absolutely love it!
Your road trip sounds fabulous. We drove from Portland down the Oregon coast to the Redwoods. One of my favorite trips!
I’ve done that shorter one too! It was great until at the Oregon California border it started raining and did not stop for the rest of the trip! Bad weather or not it is a special trip!
Can’t wait to come out and do a road trip with you four.
I have a specific one in mind for you- from here to Tillamook and then maybe a bit further down the Oregon Coast!
I love Cape Lookout! Such a beautiful spot to camp!
It really is! I think we have camped there three or four times now, and try to return each Summer!
Great post, amazing pictures. You are basically living my dream.
Thanks! That is such a compliment!
Oh my goodness, this looks like such an incredible trip! I did a similar road trip last summer but did Phoenix up to Napa and then back and absolutely loved camping out in the Redwoods. Such a beautiful and peaceful area.
The Redwoods are insanely beautiful! Your road trip sounds like a lot of fun too!
Yay PNW! The coast here truly is gorgeous!
You should post about navigating the floods of California that one time!!
Will do soon! That was an insane trip! Can you believe we’ve been to California together three times now?!
Wow, I don’t think I have ever seen pictures of the Oregon coastline. It’s so beautiful!
A lot of people haven’t! It really is beautiful!
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0.919942 |
Try to undergo recycling of water within bathroom. Can construct the sink in such a way that the water used in it can be used in toilet bowl to flush it. It means thewater from the sink should drain into the flush tank.
Can also reuse the rinsed water from the washing machine by piping it out to flush tank.
Use instant water heaters or solar powered heaters.
Having an indoor plant within the bathroom, absorbs the moist within the bathroom and also maintains good odour.
Provide proper ventillation. This will ensure that there is a constant flow of air and continuous removal of excess humidity.
Alternatively, if you could take the gray water from washers to flush tank, you could take the gray water from sink and showers for gardening.
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0.998966 |
Republican leaders in the House and Senate, despite the objections of conservative members, are pushing ahead with their plans to include pieces of an Obamacare replacement plan in the repeal bill. We have a pretty good idea of what the most likely pieces will be, but Republicans are still talking about them and there's still time for them to change before House committees take them up after the recess.
With that in mind, here are some of the leading policy ideas based on my conversations with Republican staff members, and the pros and cons of each.
A Medicaid per capita cap. This would limit the amount of federal money each beneficiary would receive from the program, as opposed to the current open-ended spending match. This is also opposed to a block grant, which would give each state a certain amount of money to spend as it pleases.
Pros: This would save a lot of money — $110 billion over five years, Avalere Health estimates, which could be used to fund the replacement. It's also more politically palatable than a block grant.
Cons: It doesn't save as much money as a block grant, and its impact is highly dependent on how much money each beneficiary is allotted. More details are also needed to answer the question of whether federal dollars would continue going to the newly enrolled people in the states that expanded Medicaid.
A cap on the tax break for employer benefits. This would set a threshold for employer coverage benefits. Beyond that threshold, employees would pay taxes on those benefits.
Pros: This also saves a lot of money, potentially hundreds of billions of dollars depending where the threshold is set.
Cons: It's incredibly unpopular with almost everyone — businesses, labor groups, unions and, importantly, lobbyists who opposed Obamacare's "Cadillac tax" on expensive employer plan benefits. Since the cap is very similar to the Cadillac tax, which was opposed by almost every Republican in Congress, it could be a heavy political lift.
Tax credits for people on the individual market. These would be comparable to Obamacare subsidies, which help low-income people afford premiums on exchanges. Based on what Republican members have proposed in the past, they're likely to be age-based instead of income-based, as the subsidies are.
Pros: At this point, it's almost a given that Republicans can't strip away all federal assistance from people who rely on it under Obamacare for their health insurance. So providing tax credits avoids a political nightmare.
Cons: They cost a lot of money and there are bound to be lots of opinions about who should get them and how much they should cost.
Expansion of health savings accounts. This is basically a given, as even conservatives generally want this included in the repeal bill. It'd make it easier for people to put more money into the savings accounts, which are meant to be used for out-of-pocket costs.
Pros: The idea is to reduce overall costs by making people more personally responsible for their medical spending. If they have more skin in the game, the theory goes, they'll make better decisions.
Cons: The entire premise of health savings accounts is based on low-premium, high-deductible plans. Low premiums are good, but high deductibles are exactly what Republicans have been saying for years that voters don't want.
Loosening Obamacare's essential health benefits, which dictate the categories of services insurers must cover.
Getting rid of other insurer regulations, like actuarial value rules.
Allowing tax credits to be used outside of the Obamacare exchanges to buy individual coverage.
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0.877719 |
I have a List index out of range problems. I think that's come from my delete field operation but I'm not sure. Any ideas ???
The resulting layers of my script are what I'm suppose to have. Anyone have a solution to my problem.
print "#### " + str(k) + "ieme intersection(Boucle) ###########"
print "L'opération d'intersection est complétée"
The answer to your question is you start your k variable at 1 whereas the first index is 0 and by the time you get to your problem line you have already increased this variable to 2. You don't include how you create your fclist variable, so I can't comment on what's wrong with it.
Conceptually you are going about this all wrong, this line doesn't make any sense, what are you trying to accomplish with this? And then you have two variables doing the same thing?
If you really want to track index values do this. Replace all your j and k values with index.
I have to start iterating on the second index of the list can I still do that with the enumerate function ??
Here all my script !!
# I didn't put the first 3 intersection just to be able to follow and understand the resulting fieldname intersection.
# Requête de comparaison pour peupler le champs "isSame"
# Requête permettant de peupler le champs "Supported" à partir du champs "isSame"
codeblock2 = "def PeuplerZone (isSame, Name):\\n if isSame ==0:\\n return Name[8:10]\\n else: \\n return \" \"\\n"
# Requête permettant de peupler le champs "Supporting" à partir du champs "isSame"
codeblock3 = "def PeuplerZone (isSame, Name_1):\\n if isSame ==0:\\n return Name_1[8:10]\\n else: \\n return \" \"\\n"
Finally found my mistakes and now it's works.
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0.999665 |
The 1981 Football League Cup Final was a football match between Liverpool and West Ham United on 14 March 1981 at Wembley Stadium, London. It was the final match of the 1980–81 Football League Cup, the 21st staging of the Football League Cup, a competition for the 92 teams in The Football League. Both teams were appearing in their second final, and had both lost their first finals in 1966 and 1978 respectively.
Both teams entered the competition in the second round. Liverpool's matches were generally comfortable victories, with the exception of the semi-final against Manchester City, which they won 2–1 over two-legs. West Ham's matches were generally close affairs, they only won by more two goals once, when they beat Burnley 6–0 over two-legs in the second round.
Watched by a crowd of 100,000, the first 90 minutes was goalless and the final went to extra time. Liverpool opened the scoring in the 118th minute, when defender Alan Kennedy scored.The goal was hotly contested as the shot passed over Sammy Lee of Liverpool in an offside position, obstructing the view of the West Ham goalkeeper, Phil Parkes. Controversial referee, Clive Thomas, bizarrely allowed the goal to stand, based on his opinion that Lee was not interfering with play. After the game, the usually placid West Ham manager, John Lyall, uncharacteristically expressed his anger to Thomas and said he "felt cheated". This was later misrepresented by Thomas as Lyall saying that "Thomas had cheated". The Liverpool lead lasted two minutes, as West Ham equalised courtesy of a Ray Stewart penalty, after a Liverpool handball on the line blocked a goal bound header from Alvin Martin. With the final score 1–1, the match was replayed on 1 April, at Villa Park, Birmingham. West Ham went ahead in the opening minutes, when Paul Goddard. However, their lead was short-lived as goals from Kenny Dalglish and Alan Hansen gave Liverpool the lead. No further goals were scored in the second half and Liverpool won the final 2–1 to win the competition for the first time.
For more details on this topic, see 1980–81 Football League Cup.
Liverpool started slowly and lost the first leg of their 2nd round game with Bradford City, before scoring four goals in the return leg at Anfield. They then scored a total of 12 goals in home ties against Swindon Town, Portsmouth and Birmingham City. In the semi-final they won their first leg at Manchester City, before a home draw allowed them to reach their second League Cup Final.
West Ham United played three Third Division sides in Burnley, Charlton Athletic and Barnsley to reach the quarter-final. Here, they beat First Division Tottenham Hotspur 1–0. In the semi-final; they recovered from losing the first leg to Coventry City to win the tie 4–3 on aggregate.
↑ "Match Memories Liverpool v West Ham, League Cup final, 1981.(News) | HighBeam Business: Arrive Prepared". Business.highbeam.com. 13 May 2006. Retrieved 21 January 2011.
↑ Shea, Julian (10 May 2006). "BBC SPORT | Football | FA Cup | FA Cup flashback". BBC News. Retrieved 21 January 2011.
1 2 "English League Cup 1980–1981 : Second Round". Statto. Retrieved 9 August 2011.
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0.913267 |
The 1978–79 WHA season was the seventh and final regular season of the World Hockey Association (WHA). Prior to the start of the season, the Houston Aeros folded leaving seven teams to start the season. Only six would finish, however, as the Indianapolis Racers folded after 25 games on the December 15, 1978. The remaining six teams each played 80 games, including one game each per team against a Soviet All-Star squad and the Czechoslovakian National Team, the second consecutive year for this arrangement. The Soviet team won four of their six games and tied another; the Czech team only won once and tied once against four losses. In addition, to allow each regular team to play 80 games, the Edmonton Oilers played the Finnish National Team (with future Oiler Jari Kurri) once at home, winning by a score of 8-4.
After the end of the season, an agreement was reached whereby four of the teams, the Edmonton Oilers, Quebec Nordiques, Winnipeg Jets and New England Whalers would be admitted to the National Hockey League (NHL) as expansion teams for the 1979–80 NHL season, and the WHA would cease operations. The Cincinnati and Birmingham franchises were paid to disband.
The dying WHA would go to almost any length to try and stay afloat. The NHL had rules regarding the age of players that could play while the WHA didn't. Nelson Skalbania, the owner of Indianapolis Racers, signed the 17 year old future super-star, Wayne Gretzky to, at that time, a whopping personal contract worth between 1.125 and 1.75 million dollars over 4 to 7 years. Skalbania, knowing that the WHA was fading, felt owning the young star was more valuable than owning a WHA team. Eight games into the season, though, Skalbania needed cash and liquidated his greatest asset to his old friend and former partner, Peter Pocklington, owner of the Edmonton Oilers. Pocklington purchased Gretzky and two other Indianapolis players, goaltender Eddie Mio and forward Peter Driscoll paying $700,000 for the contracts of the three players, although the announced price was actually $850,000. On Gretzky's 18th birthday, (January 26, 1979), Pocklington signed him to a 21 year personal services contract worth between 4 and 5 million dollars, the longest in hockey history. Gretzky would go on to capture the Lou Kaplan Trophy for rookie of the year, finish third in league scoring, and help the Oilers to first overall in the league. Nevertheless the Winnipeg Jets defeated Edmonton in the Avco World Trophy finals winning their third championship overall and second in a row.
Playoff format: The top five teams in the league qualified for the playoffs. The 4th and 5th place teams started in a best-of-three quarterfinal series, while the top three finishers received byes into the semifinals. In the semifinals, the 1st place team played the 4th/5th winner, while 2nd place played 3rd place. Both semifinal series were best-of-seven. Since the 2nd and 3rd place teams knew they'd be playing each other in the semifinals, they started their series while the 4th/5th mini-series was still going on. The finals, like the semifinals, were best four-out-of-seven games.
Wayne Gretzky appeared in the 1979 WHA All-Star Game. The format of the game was a three game series between the WHA All-Stars against Dynamo Moscow at Edmonton's Northlands Coliseum . The WHA All-Stars were coached by Jacques Demers and Demers asked Gordie Howe if it was okay to put him on a line with Wayne Gretzky and his son Mark Howe. In the first game, the line scored seven points, as the WHA All-Star won by a score of 4-2. In the second game, Gretzky and Mark Howe each scored a goal and Gordie Howe picked up an assist as the WHA won 4-2. The line did not score in the final game but the WHA won by a score of 4-3.
The final game was played at the Winnipeg Arena , a 7 to 3 final score in favour of the Jets. The Oilers' Dave Semenko scored late in the third period of the deciding game, to record the last goal in the history of the WHA. The goal was given up by the Winnipeg Jets Gary Smith.
The Rebel League: The Short and Unruly Life of the World Hockey Association, p. 219, McLelland and Stewart, Toronto, ON, ISBN 0-7710-8947-3.
1 Four of the WHA teams were admitted to the NHL as expansion franchises — the New England/Hartford Whalers, Quebec Nordiques, Edmonton Oilers and Winnipeg Jets.
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0.961106 |
What is the potential of software within the visual arts?
As a designer or artist, why would I want (or need) to write software?
Software influences all aspects of contemporary visual culture. Many established artists have integrated software into their process. Prominent architects and designers not only use software, they commission custom software to help them realize their unique ideas. The creators of every innovative video game and Hollywood animated film write custom software to enhance their work.
As a comprehensive first introduction to the potential of software development within a broad range of the arts, this course aspires to teach you to engage the computer more directly with code. Programming opens the possibility to create not only tools, but systems, environments, and new modes of expression. It is here that the computer ceases to be a tool and becomes a medium.
In this session, we will cover the following topics: 1) What is Code? 2) Form and Computers 3) Drawing: Define and draw simple shapes; and 4) Color: Change the fill and stroke for shapes.
This session will cover variables and how to store, modify, and reuse data; loops, and how to use Random to get random values from the computer.
In this session, we will cover the following topics: 1) Setup and Draw: Creating programs that run over time. 2) Input, Responding to the mouse and keyboard. 3) Drawing. 4) Make different tools with code. 5) Conditionals, Making decisions in code. 6) Easing.
This session will cover external media, file formats, how to load and display images, how to load and display vector shapes, how to load fonts and display text, and how to handle sound files.
In this session we will begin putting the elements together. We will use longer examples including modes, events, and transitions.
In this session you will learn about types of motion in code, how to create motion with code, transformations, and timers.
This session will introduce functions. We will cover the basics of functions, functions with parameters, and returning values from functions.
In this session you will learn how to define a class, add fields and methods to a class, create an instance of a class, and create multiple instances of a class.
This session will focus on putting the elements together to create work including motion, objects, and arrays. It will also cover collisions.
This is a great introductory primer for visual artists curious to understand how to make coding a part of their visual arts practice.
Rates completed this course and found the course difficulty to be medium.
If you want to learn how to code but get turned off by the idea of writing dull shopping list programs, this course is for you. It's code in the context of art, making it very accessible to artists and designers. The assignments are all based around making interactive pictures you can share on the web. You will learn fundamental coding concepts and with a little effort will take you to the start of intermediate level coding, ready to take on more advanced computer science topics. I Really enjoyed it.
It is amazing to see the other student work in the gallery of this course! Also I can't believe I get to Learn from Casey Raes , the inventor of processing!
I am a complete beginner to coding and I found this course easy to understand. The course starts with basic concepts and makes its way up to more complex processes, which makes it great for beginners and more advanced students as well.
by Martina is taking this course right now and found the course difficulty to be medium.
If you are interested in computers and/or art , would like to be creative - take this course. The lessons are formidable and the tutors fantastic. I've took many online courses in the area of programing, web development etc., but this one is one I love from start to the end. I wish, there will be a part 2 someday.
Awesome, 5 / 5, and a big THANKS to Casey, Lauren, Chandler and the invisible crew who made it .
This course is awesome, makes visual coding so accessible - five stars. The instructors are clear and knowledgable and the assignments are engaging. One suggestion: in cases where the instructor's code formatting won't correctly in later/current versions of p5.js, it would be helpful to mention that in the comments section.
This is the course to take if you are creative and want to play with technology. The syllabus is good and I love the short format of the lectures.
Excellent introduction to P5 and the concepts of generative art. Well done and thank you to the creators of the course.
by Garry is taking this course right now.
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0.990714 |
H2O’s Deep Learning is based on a multi-layer feed-forward artificial neural network that is trained with stochastic gradient descent using back-propagation. The network can contain a large number of hidden layers consisting of neurons with tanh, rectifier and maxout activation functions. Advanced features such as adaptive learning rate, rate annealing, momentum training, dropout, L1 or L2 regularization, checkpointing and grid search enable high predictive accuracy. Each compute node trains a copy of the global model parameters on its local data with multi-threading (asynchronously), and contributes periodically to the global model via model averaging across the network.
H2O Deep Learning models have many input parameters, many of which are only accessible via the expert mode, and their default values should be fine for most use cases. Please read the following instructions before building extensive Deep Learning models. Many of the parameters allow specification of multiple values for grid search (e.g., comma-separated list “10,2,40” or from:to:step range “10:40:5”). The application of grid search and successive continuation of winning models via checkpoint restart is highly recommended as model performance can vary greatly.
Name of the model to be trained. Will be auto-generated if omitted.
A hex key associated with the parsed training data.
The dependent or target variable of interest. Can be numerical or a factor (categorical).
This field will auto populate a list of the columns from the data set in use. The user-selected set of columns are the features that will be omitted from the model. Additionally - users can specify whether the model should omit constant columns by selecting expert settings and checking the tic box indicating Ignore Const Cols.
Check box indicating whether the dependent variable is to be treated as a factor or a continuous variable.
A unique data set with the same shape and features as the training data to be used in model validation (i.e., production of error rates on data not used in model building).
A model key associated with a previously trained Deep Learning model. This option allows users to build a new model as a continuation of a previously generated model (e.g., by a grid search).
If given, store the best model so far under this key. Model performance is measured by MSE for regression and overall error rate for classification (at F1-optimal threshold for binary classification).
Unlock expert mode parameters than can affect model building speed, predictive accuracy and scoring. Leaving expert mode parameters at default values is fine for many problems, but best results on complex datasets are often only attainable via expert mode options.
The activation function (non-linearity) to be used the neurons in the hidden layers.
Rectifier: Chooses the maximum of (0, x) where x is the input value.
With Dropout: Zero out a random user-given fraction of the incoming weights to each hidden layer during training, for each training row. This effectively trains exponentially many models at once, and can improve generalization.
The number and size of each hidden layer in the model. For example, if a user specifies “100,200,100” a model with 3 hidden layers will be produced, and the middle hidden layer will have 200 neurons.To specify a grid search, add parentheses around each model’s specification: “(100,100), (50,50,50), (20,20,20,20)”.
The number of passes over the training dataset to be carried out. It is recommended to start with lower values for initial grid searches. This value can be modified during checkpoint restarts and allows continuation of selected models.
The number of training data rows to be processed per iteration. Note that independent of this parameter, each row is used immediately to update the model with (online) stochastic gradient descent. This parameter controls the synchronization period between nodes in a distributed environment and the frequency at which scoring and model cancellation can happen. For example, if it is set to 10,000 on H2O running on 4 nodes, then each node will process 2,500 rows per iteration, sampling randomly from their local data. Then, model averaging between the nodes takes place, and scoring can happen (dependent on scoring interval and duty factor). Special values are 0 for one epoch per iteration and -1 for processing the maximum amount of data per iteration. If replicate training data is enabled, N epochs will be trained per iteration on N nodes, otherwise one epoch.
The random seed controls sampling and initialization. Reproducible results are only expected with single-threaded operation (i.e., when running on one node, turning off load balancing and providing a small dataset that fits in one chunk). In general, the multi-threaded asynchronous updates to the model parameters will result in (intentional) race conditions and non-reproducible results. Note that deterministic sampling and initialization might still lead to some weak sense of determinism in the model.
The implemented adaptive learning rate algorithm (ADADELTA) automatically combines the benefits of learning rate annealing and momentum training to avoid slow convergence. Specification of only two parameters (rho and epsilon) simplifies hyper-parameter search.
In some cases, manually controlled (non-adaptive) learning rate and momentum specifications can lead to better results, but require the specification (and hyper parameter search) of up to 7 parameters. If the model is built on a topology with many local minima or long plateaus, it is possible for a constant learning rate to produce sub-optimal results. Learning rate annealing allows digging deeper into local minima, while rate decay allows specification of different learning rates per layer. When the gradient is being estimated in a long valley in the optimization landscape, a large learning rate can cause the gradient to oscillate and move in the wrong direction. When the gradient is computed on a relatively flat surface with small learning rates, the model can converge far slower than necessary.
The first of two hyper parameters for ADADELTA. It is similar to momentum and relates to the memory to prior weight updates. Typical values are between 0.9 and 0.999. This parameter is only active if adaptive learning rate is enabled.
The second of two hyper parameters for ADADELTA. It is similar to learning rate annealing during initial training and momentum at later stages where it allows forward progress. Typical values are between 1e-10 and 1e-4. This parameter is only active if adaptive learning rate is enabled.
When adaptive learning rate is disabled, the magnitude of the weight updates are determined by the user specified learning rate (potentially annealed), and are a function of the difference between the predicted value and the target value. That difference, generally called delta, is only available at the output layer. To correct the output at each hidden layer, back propagation is used. Momentum modifies back propagation by allowing prior iterations to influence the current update. Using the momentum parameter can aid in avoiding local minima and the associated instability. Too much momentum can lead to instabilities, that’s why the momentum is best ramped up slowly. This parameter is only active if adaptive learning rate is disabled.
Learning rate annealing reduces the learning rate to “freeze” into local minima in the optimization landscape. The annealing rate is the inverse of the number of training samples it takes to cut the learning rate in half (e.g., 1e-6 means that it takes 1e6 training samples to halve the learning rate). This parameter is only active if adaptive learning rate is disabled.
The learning rate decay parameter controls the change of learning rate across layers. For example, assume the rate parameter is set to 0.01, and the rate decay parameter is set to 0.5. Then the learning rate for the weights connecting the input and first hidden layer will be 0.01, the learning rate for the weights connecting the first and the second hidden layer will be 0.005, and the learning rate for the weights connecting the second and third hidden layer will be 0.0025, etc. This parameter is only active if adaptive learning rate is disabled.
The momentum_start parameter controls the amount of momentum at the beginning of training. This parameter is only active if adaptive learning rate is disabled.
The momentum_ramp parameter controls the amount of learning for which momentum increases (assuming momentum_stable is larger than momentum_start). The ramp is measured in the number of training samples. This parameter is only active if adaptive learning rate is disabled.
The momentum_stable parameter controls the final momentum value reached after momentum_ramp training samples. The momentum used for training will remain the same for training beyond reaching that point. This parameter is only active if adaptive learning rate is disabled.
The Nesterov accelerated gradient descent method is a modification to traditional gradient descent for convex functions. The method relies on gradient information at various points to build a polynomial approximation that minimizes the residuals in fewer iterations of the descent. This parameter is only active if adaptive learning rate is disabled.
A fraction of the features for each training row to be omitted from training in order to improve generalization (dimension sampling).
A fraction of the inputs for each hidden layer to be omitted from training in order to improve generalization. Defaults to 0.5 for each hidden layer if omitted.
A regularization method that constrains the absolute value of the weights and has the net effect of dropping some weights (setting them to zero) from a model to reduce complexity and avoid overfitting.
A regularization method that constrains the sum of the squared weights. This method introduces bias into parameter estimates, but frequently produces substantial gains in modeling as estimate variance is reduced.
A maximum on the sum of the squared incoming weights into any one neuron. This tuning parameter is especially useful for unbound activation functions such as Maxout or Rectifier.
The distribution from which initial weights are to be drawn. The default option is an optimized initialization that considers the size of the network. The “uniform” option uses a uniform distribution with a mean of 0 and a given interval. The “normal” option draws weights from the standard normal distribution with a mean of 0 and given standard deviation.
The scale of the distribution function for Uniform or Normal distributions. For Uniform, the values are drawn uniformly from initial weight scale. For Normal, the values are drawn from a Normal distribution with the standard deviation of the initial weight scale.
The loss (error) function to be optimized by the model.
Cross Entropy Used when the model output consists of independent hypotheses, and the outputs can be interpreted as the probability that each hypothesis is true. Cross entropy is the recommended loss function when the target values are class labels, and especially for imbalanced data. It strongly penalizes error in the prediction of the actual class label.
Mean Square Used when the model output are continuous real values, but can be used for classification as well (where it emphasizes the error on all output classes, not just for the actual class).
The minimum time (in seconds) to elapse between model scoring. The actual interval is determined by the number of training samples per iteration and the scoring duty cycle.
The number of training dataset points to be used for scoring. Will be randomly sampled. Use 0 for selecting the entire training dataset.
The number of validation dataset points to be used for scoring. Can be randomly sampled or stratified (if “balance classes” is set and “score validation sampling” is set to stratify). Use 0 for selecting the entire training dataset.
Maximum fraction of wall clock time spent on model scoring on training and validation samples, and on diagnostics such as computation of feature importances (i.e., not on training).
The stopping criteria in terms of classification error (1-accuracy) on the training data scoring dataset. When the error is at or below this threshold, training stops.
The stopping criteria in terms of regression error (MSE) on the training data scoring dataset. When the error is at or below this threshold, training stops.
Enable quiet mode for less output to standard output.
Method used to sample the validation dataset for scoring, see Score Validation Samples above.
Gather diagnostics for hidden layers, such as mean and RMS values of learning rate, momentum, weights and biases.
Whether to compute variable importances for input features. The implemented method (by Gedeon) considers the weights connecting the input features to the first two hidden layers.
Enable fast mode (minor approximation in back-propagation), should not affect results significantly.
Ignore constant training columns (no information can be gained anyway).
Increase training speed on small datasets by splitting it into many chunks to allow utilization of all cores.
Replicate the entire training dataset onto every node for faster training on small datasets.
Run on a single node for fine-tuning of model parameters. Can be useful for checkpoint resumes after training on multiple nodes for fast initial convergence.
Enable shuffling of training data (on each node). This option is recommended if training data is replicated on N nodes, and the number of training samples per iteration is close to N times the dataset size, where all nodes train will (almost) all the data. It is automatically enabled if the number of training samples per iteration is set to -1 (or to N times the dataset size or larger).
The model view page displays information about the Deep Learning model being trained.
If diagnostics is enabled, information for each layer is displayed.
Type The type of layer (used activation function). Each model will have one input and one output layer. Hidden layers are identified by the activation function specified.
Dropout For input layer, the percentage of dropped features for each training row. For hidden layers, the percentage of incoming weights dropped from training at that layer. Note that dropout is randomized for each training row.
L1, L2 The L1 and L2 regularization penalty applied by layer.
Rate, Weight and Bias The per-layer learning rate, weight and bias statistics are displayed.
If a validation set was given, the scoring results are displayed for the validation set (or a sample thereof). Otherwise, scoring is performed on the training dataset (or a sample thereof).
For classification models, a table showing the number of actual observations in a particular class relative to the number of predicted observations in a class.
A table displaying the percentage of instances where the actual class label assigned to an observation is in the top K classes predicted by the model. For instance, in a four class classifier on values A, B, C, D, a particular observation is predicted to be class A with a probability of .6 of being A, .2 probability of being B, a .1 probability of being C, and a .1 probability of being D. If the true class is B, the observation will be counted in the hit rate for K=2, but not in the hit rate of K=1.
A table listing the importance of variables listed from greatest importance, to least importance. Note that variable importances are notoriously difficult to compute for Neural Net models. Gedeon’s method is implemented here.
© Copyright 2013, 0xdata, Inc.
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Design jewelry to complete the Princess's dream wedding!
The Princess was set to marry her Prince in a royal ceremony, but the night before their wedding, a fearsome dragon stole the Crown Jewels! The King's knights managed to injure the beast, but the damaged Crown Jewels were left scattered throughout the Kingdom. You have been chosen by the King to restore the jewelry, so that the Princess's dream of a lavish wedding may be fulfilled. Create beautiful jewelry as you make your way through the Kingdom of Charmalot. Accompanied by Fiona the fairy, discover hidden mini-games, fight dragons and thieves, and gain mastery over magic tools.
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Brian Douglas Wilson (born June 20, 1942 in Inglewood, California) is an American singer-songwriter, producer, and musician, best known for being the principal songwriter and co-lead singer for The Beach Boys, co-founded with brothers Carl and Dennis.
Once known for his iconic falsetto, much of Brian's most well-known work is tinged with melancholy and existentialism. Due to his unorthodox approach to composition, arrangement, and recording, Brian is widely acknowledged as one of the most innovative and influential creative forces in popular music.
The first official release credited to Wilson as a solo artist was the 1966 Beach Boys single "Caroline, No" (b/w "Summer Means New Love"), due to being the single's arranger and sole vocal presence. Around the same time, Wilson also produced cuts for other artists such as The Beach Boys' spear counterpart The Honeys (member Marilyn Rovell was Wilson's first wife), and Jan & Dean, whose "Surf City" became a #1 hit single.
The 1977 album Love You and the unreleased Adult/Child (recorded during the same sessions) were tentatively considered for release as Brian Wilson solo albums, although the idea fell through. Love You would be last Beach Boys albums to feature Wilson's extended involvement for the better part of 35 years.
Brian's solo career, despite a few false starts, began in earnest with the 1987 single "Let's Go to Heaven in My Car" (b/w "Too Much Sugar"), featured in the film Police Academy 4: Citizens on Patrol. A year later, his debut solo album, the eponymous Brian Wilson, was released, at the time hailed as a 1980s equivalent of what is widely regarded as Wilson's magnum opus, 1966's Pet Sounds.
A follow-up in much the same vein, Sweet Insanity, was scrapped due to various personal issues.Also left on the shelf was a fruitful collaborative project with multi-instrumentalist Andy Paley, informally known as "The Paley Sessions".
Over the years, a few tracks were released through various albums, but dozens more have been bootlegged, and a comprehensive release has yet to be assembled. Instead, 1995 saw the release of two albums: I Just Wasn't Made for These Times, a collection of re-recordings seemingly meant to reintroduce him to the public, and Orange Crate Art, a song cycle written by one-time lyricist Van Dyke Parks with contributions by Wilson, were released.
An album of new compositions entitled Imagination followed in 1998. Wilson began performing live again in 1999, and with his confidence as a performer growing ever stronger, he chose to release a live album documenting the Imagination tour (Live at the Roxy Theatre).
In 2002, he began incorporating Pet Sounds in its entirety into his live performances; this, too, was documented in a live album titled Pet Sounds Live.In 2004, Wilson revived and completed SMiLE, his unfinished 1967 album, performing the work in its entirety on a celebrated tour.
The positive response lead him to record a studio version which met similar acclaim; the album cut "Mrs. O'Leary's Cow" won a Grammy Award for Best Instrumental. That same year, he released Gettin' in Over My Head (containing many songs originating with the ill-fated Sweet Insanity album), featuring guest musicians Elton John, Paul McCartney, Eric Clapton, and brother Carl, who passed away in 1998.
Brian's song "Lay Down Burden" was written in tribute of his brother.Brian released a collection of Christmas songs entitled What I Really Want For Christmas in 2005. His 2008 album, That Lucky Old Sun, marked his return to Capitol Records.
As part of a two-album deal with Disney, Wilson released Reimagines Gershwin (2010), a tribute to his idol George Gershwin, and In the Key of Disney (2011), a collection of cover songs from various Disney films.
2012 saw the The Beach Boys celebrate their 50th anniversary, reuniting a majority of surviving band members including Brian, for a worldwide tour as well as the release of an album, That's Why God Made the Radio, composed almost entirely by Wilson with an assortment of co-writers.
The album became the group's biggest chart success in decades, peaking at #3 on the Billboard album charts. Status quo was restored as the group members went their separate ways again after the conclusion of the tour.
In 2015, Wilson released his eleventh studio album, No Pier Pressure. Originally conceived as a follow-up to That's Why God Made the Radio before The Beach Boys reunion fell through, the album features guest appearances by contemporary artists such as Kacey Musgraves, She & Him, and Nate Ruess (of fun.
), as well as former Beach Boys Al Jardine, Blondie Chaplin, and David Marks. Summer 2015 will also see the public release of Wilson's autobiographical motion picture Love and Mercy (named after Wilson's 1988 comeback single), with actors Paul Dano and John Cusack starring as a younger and older Wilson.
Brian Wilson performs pop, pop rock, rock, classic rock, singer-songwriter music and can be booked for (private) corporate events, personal appearances, or other music performances. The estimated booking fee range to book Brian Wilson for your event is $100,000 - $200,000. Brian Wilson has more than 224.2K listeners worldwide and really knows how to entertain your audience. Similar artists are The Beach Boys, Van Dyke Parks, Paul McCartney, Ringo Starr, The Zombies, Paul Simon . Contact AAE Music agency for ratings, reviews, videos and information on scheduling Brian Wilson for an upcoming event.
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HMD Global has been keeping busy, releasing a variety of smartphones throughout the year. While things have been good for the company, it looks like it might be just getting started. Just a few days ago we reported that HMD Global had purchased the 'PureView' trademark, and now it looks like the company has filed a trademark for 'PureDisplay'.
While at this point it isn't clear exactly what the 'PureDisplay' trademark will be used for, there is the possibility that it could indicate the firm will release phones with enhanced displays. Nokia has done this already once before, with its Nokia 920 featuring a PureMotion HD+ display.
For those that don't remember, PureMotion HD+ was described at the time of its release as combining "four leaps forward into one to deliver the fastest, brightest, most-sensitive smartphone display with the highest pixel density in the industry". What that essentially boils down to is that there are four things that make up a PureMotion HD+ display, with the first being that it offers a 60fps refresh rate. It also has a "high-luminescence mode" that would engage whenever in brightly lit areas.
The third feature of PureMotion HD+ was its increased sensitivity, offering users the ability to interact with the screen using a stylus, glove, or even a fingernail. Lastly, there was an increase of pixels on the display when compared to its competitors. Most of these features are normal by today's standards but it is possible that HMD Global will use the trademark to introduce a new kind of display technology for its new smartphones.
HMD Global also filed a trademark for something called 'Face unlock'. Again, there isn't a clue as to what this will be used for, but the company has secured it and it could come up sometime in the future. With that said, there is also the possibility that we may never see these trademarks used.
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0.999995 |
Redo a second-story deck when the wood become unsafe.
A second-story deck in need of repairs typically requires removing the old deck and starting over. This includes affixing a ledger board to the house with the appropriate hardware to ensure the deck has the proper support. Contact your local building authority first to ensure that your deck project complies with updated building code and safety requirements.
If you have the necessary building skills and experience, you won’t need to hire a contractor, as you can complete the project yourself. If you don’t have the experience, create a list of three to five potential contractors, as a second-story deck redo is not the project with which to gain DIY skills. Verify the contractors have an active state license by checking the state’s website for the contractor’s name; also confirm they have the needed general liability insurance for the project.
Create a budget you can work with, and from that, you can determine how much you can spend on the materials for the deck. If the deck is in direct sunlight, think about the material options that add longevity to the deck, such as composite decking material, tropical hardwoods or pressure-treated decking materials. Add the hardware, support ledgers, correctly sized posts to your list of materials, and don’t forget the concrete needed for the support posts.
When you’re redoing a second-story deck, it’s a good time to redesign the deck to update its look. Draw out your ideas for the deck’s design on graph paper to scale. You can choose from a variety of designs that may include curves, angles or multiple levels. If you plan to add a cover or a pergola, include these ideas on paper first to see how well they fit the home. If you add a cover or other structure, you may need to receive approval from the building authority and consult with a professional to ensure structural integrity.
Even if the previous deck was on the house when you built it, you still need to contact the local building jurisdiction before redoing your new deck. You may need to pull a new permit, which typically includes providing the building department with a hand-drawn blueprint or design idea. The building department sends an inspector during construction at specific phases to ensure compliance with code and safety regulations.
Choose materials that match the weather conditions the deck must endure. Wood decks require annual maintenance to ensure they remain protected and safe to use. Seasonally retighten hardware, re-apply stains -- on wood decks only -- and periodically clean the deck to ensure its longevity and usefulness.
Brenner, Laurie. "Redoing a Second-Story Deck." Home Guides | SF Gate, http://homeguides.sfgate.com/redoing-secondstory-deck-106221.html. 28 October 2015.
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Was Atlantis a continent, or a city on an island?
Plato described Atlantis in some detail, and said it was destroyed 9000 years before his time.
Reading today what he wrote, we find he described a city of concentric circles each separated by waterways. The problem is most people remember Atlantis being described as a continent, which is vastly different, and are pointing to this discrepancy as being an MMDE.
Of course there is huge debate over whether it existed at all, but that's not the issue here. The fact so many remember being told if it did exist, it was a continent, is what's causing all the fuss.
Rosie, the distinguished mascot from the 1943 US "We can Do It!" war poster, seems different today to some people who are experiencing this as an MMDE.
She's actually called "Rosie the Riveter". People are reporting they remember her smiling, and with a bigger arm muscle than is seen in the poster today.
The war effort required women to work on what was traditionally the work of men, so the character was created by the government - along with her own song and movie! - to encourage solidarity and boost performance.
Three little pigs: "I'll huff, and I'll puff, and I'll blow your house ___"?
The story about the Big Bad Wolf trying to blow down the three little pigs house was first published in the 1840's, but it's thought to be much older than that.
Ask people to complete the line, and you may be in for a surprise. If they answer "Down", they may be experiencing an MMDE, because all references today show it as "In".
The fable continues to the modern day, with the pigs appearing in the Toy Story and Shrek movies and they even feature in a full production stage musical. There's been some controversy over the years regarding their names, but the consensus today seems to be Browny, Whitey and Blacky.
The 1958 version: color or black and white?
First off, those experiencing this MMDE are well aware that TV's from the late 50's and 60's were black and white, so even though that's the knee-jerk explanation for this, it's not what they are saying. At that time, TV's themselves were still rare, so most would have seen the movie in the cinema anyway.
What they remember is the movie being in black and white, whereas today all references show it as always having been filmed in color.
There were posters and publicity shots which are in black and white, and are still easily searchable on the internet, which may have contributed to the idea it was not filmed in color.
Bananas - Which way up do they grow?
Here's a peculiar one - which way up do bananas grow?
Some people are claiming they don't remember them growing the way they appear today, i.e. with the fixed part at the bottom and the fruit pointing upwards, and are pointing to this as an MMDE.
This could get confusing, because therer are some rarer types which do grow downwards. However, the sight of a bunch of "upside down" bananas (as they call them) growing on a tree still hits them as something they were sure they'd have known about.
One reason people seem surprised could be mundane - you always see bunches in supermarkets, grocery stores etc, laid out downwards, so assume that's how they grew in the wild.
Where is the hiking emoji?
This is an unusual MMDE, because it might be fixed at any time, so all we can report is that as at Aug 2018, there was no hiking emoji whereas many people remember there being one.
Reddit shows an example of a report of this, where emojis for many other outdoor activities are plentiful but for some reason the hiking one was not only missing, but the details of what it looked like were very clear too. It was described as a figure with two sticks, brown hair, a red shirt and blue shorts.
Pretty detailed for something which never existed!
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In my opinion, Epcot will offer the most options to avoid the heat during those 'peak heat' times. You can check out the pavilions in Future World (The Land, The Seas, Universe of Energy), and even Innoventions will offer a nice place to stay out of the heat.
At Disney's Animal Kingdom, you can find a break from the heat inside the shows Festival of the Lion King, and Finding Nemo - The Musical.
At Disney's Hollywood Studios and Magic Kingdom, you can beat the heat by checking out the shops and grabbing a bite to eat. You can even take the monorail from Magic Kingdom to the nearby resorts to explore, shop and eat.
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0.933526 |
Should you say HaGomel after a flight?
1) It is doubtful whether ha-gomel may be recited, unless a potentially dangerous situation developed during the flight.
2) Ha-gomel is recited only when the airplane crossed over an ocean or a desert.
3) Ha-gomel is recited after every airplane trip.
He then goes on to say that the general custom today follows #2 above.
For a practical decision, please see a Rabbi.
The basic rule is to say hagomel after crossing an ocean (on water) or a desert (on land) but not after other trips.
http://www.mevaseret.org/mmy/searchshiurim.php?shiur=105 lists various rabbis' views regarding airplane travel. I haven't checked the sources it cites, but if it's to be trusted then Rabbi Sternbuch cites others as saying not to say it unless the flight was "eventful" [whatever that means], the Tzitz Eliezer says to say hagomel after any but a short domestic flight, and Rabbi Moshe Feinstein says to say it after any flight.
As always, for practical guidance, CYLOR.
Update: I've checked the sources of that Web page, but have skimmed them rather than read every word. (That's always dangerous, but) AFAICT the Tzitz Eliezer actually says to say hagomel after going over a desert or ocean [yam, which may include larger seas or what-have-you], unless it's a short domestic flight. I don't see that he says to say hagomel after a long flight that doesn't go over a yam or desert, which is what the Web page implies in his name. Rav Moshe Feinstein is quoted correctly AFAICT. Rav Moshe Sternbuch is quoted incompletely. He actually writes that the custom in South Africa is to say hagomel after any flight over the yam [or, I suppose, the desert?]; he also quotes the Chazon Ish second-hand as saying to say hagomel after any flight, and others (the Belzer rav, the Tchubiner rav) secondhand as saying not to say it.
R. Moshe Feinstein points out a fundamental difference between flying and driving. Flying is inherently dangerous. This is because man cannot survive in the air without the protection of the airplane. Therefore, because it is possible for the airplane's protection to fail it is considered a "dangerous situation". This is likened to the Talmud's case of crossing the ocean. There, too, it is inherently dangerous because man cannot survive at sea without the protection of the boat. Because it is possible for the boat's protection to fail it is therefore considered a "dangerous situation". Thus, flying gets a blessing because it parallel's the Talmud's case where a blessing is required.
Driving, on the other hand, is not inherently dangerous. That is to say that man can perfectly survive on land with or without the protection of the automobile. Thus it is not that the automobile is providing the necessary protection from a dangerous situation. The danger of automobile travel is external to the setting (e.g. a crash). Even though this is more dangerous in terms of likelihood for a fatal incident, the blessing is not based on likelihood of fatality but on inherentness of the danger.
The reason why it works this way is that the blessing is said as a thanks to God for allowing the protection to protect you from the inherent danger. Even if there is only a small likelihood of the protection failing, it still requires thanks. When it comes to a regular drive, though, there was no protection that God allowed to work, because there was never a danger to be protected from. If, however, something would happen on the drive, in which you were saved (e.g. if you survived a car crash) then that would be something to thank God for.
Thus, flying parallels the Talmud's case of inherent danger while driving does not, and this explains why a blessing would be made for flying and not driving.
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged blessing travel hagomel .
Why doesn't one say Hagomel when flying within the USA?
Why don't I hear HaGomel in shul more often?
When do we say Baruch Hu Uvaruch Shemo?
Can someone say Bircat Hagomel after an outpatient procedure?
Should you say “Bircat HaGomel” after receiving outpatient test results?
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Corrigan pictured whilst coaching West Bromwich Albion goalkeepers in 2007.
Joseph Thomas "Joe" Corrigan (born 18 November 1948), is a former football goalkeeper who played in the Football League for Manchester City, Brighton & Hove Albion, Norwich City and Stoke City as well as the England national team.
Corrigan began his career at Manchester City making his professional debut in 1967. In the 1969–70 season, he established himself as the first choice 'keeper at Maine Road, taking over from the ageing Harry Dowd. He spent 16 seasons at Manchester City, winning the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and League Cup twice, while also earning nine England caps. He left in 1983 to play for the North American Soccer League's Seattle Sounders, then returned to England for spells with Brighton & Hove Albion, Norwich City and Stoke City. A neck injury forced him to retire in 1985.
Corrigan joined Manchester City as a youth player in 1966. He made his debut in 1967, in a League Cup match against Blackpool. Corrigan was an understudy to Harry Dowd on City's 1969 FA Cup winner. Corrigan then established himself in the first team during the 1969–70 season, and was part of the Manchester City team which won a cup double of the UEFA European Cup Winners Cup and the League Cup. He was also a member of the 1976 League Cup winning side. His debut appearance for England came on 28 May 1976 against Italy, the first of a total of 9 caps, and he was part of the England squad for the 1982 FIFA World Cup. He would undoubtedly have played more time for England if his chances had not been limited by Peter Shilton and Ray Clemence. Corrigan also appeared for Manchester City in the 1981 FA Cup Final defeat by Tottenham Hotspur where he was named as man-of-the match. In total Corrigan made 592 appearances for Manchester City, a figure beaten only by Alan Oakes, and a club record for a goalkeeper. He also won Manchester City's Player of the Year award three times, a feat matched only by Richard Dunne. He is remembered as one of Manchester City's best goalkeepers along with Frank Swift and Bert Trautmann.
Corrigan was sold in 1983 to American club Seattle Sounders for £30,000. Corrigan stayed in the US only a few months, making 29 appearances before returning to England with Brighton. At the end of his career he also had spells on loan at Stoke City and Norwich.
After retiring from football, Joe Corrigan was for a time the Goalkeeping Coach at Liverpool, from 1994 until the arrival of Rafael Benítez in 2004. On 21 September 2004, Corrigan joined the coaching team at Chester City but moved to become goalkeeping coach at Stockport County on 5 October 2004. In February 2005, Corrigan joined West Bromwich Albion. Joe Corrigan retired at the end of the 2008–09 season.
In February 2011 Corrigan came out of retirement to join Hull City as goalkeeping coach, replacing Mark Prudhoe, who had been criticised by some Hull supporters for his coaching methods. Corrigan left his coaching role at Hull City in August 2011 after being involved in an unspecified incident with Jimmy Bullard on a pre season trip to Slovenia, the latter being sacked as a result.
A. ^ The "Other" column constitutes appearances and goals in the Anglo-Italian Cup, Anglo-Scottish Cup, FA Charity Shield, Texaco Cup, UEFA Cup and UEFA Cup Winners' Cup.
↑ "Staff Profile: Joe Corrigan". Liverpoolfc.tv. Retrieved 8 October 2007.
↑ "Flown from the Nest: Joe Corrigan". ex-canaries.co.uk. Retrieved 8 October 2007.
↑ "West Brom goalkeeping coach Joe Corrigan to retire after 42 years". Birmingham Mail. Retrieved 17 May 2009.
↑ "Hull City: Signing young guns is key to our future, says Adam Pearson". Hull Daily Mail. 2 February 2011. Retrieved 2 February 2011.
"Joe Corrigan". Manchester City Supporters Homepage. Retrieved 16 January 2006.
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Elvis Presley was the king of millions of hearts, and the creator of the new musical genre 'Rock-n-Roll'. This write-up offers you a detailed information on the life of this great personality.
The King of Rock and Roll, Elvis Aron Presley, was born on 8 January, 1935, in Tupelo, Mississippi to Vernon Presley (who shared Irish roots) and Gladys Presley. His twin brother Jesse, died at the time of birth, and so, his parents brought him up with intensive care. As he was born in an average family, he spent his childhood in poverty.
This great singer's ancestral roots consisted of a mix of the Scots and the Irish. His family was poor, and his father moved from one job to another trying to make both end meet. When he was three years old, his father was arrested on account of committing a minor fraud, after which he and his mother moved in with relatives.
His talent in singing did not come up as a surprise, as he had good voice right from his childhood, and he even performed at the Church, local Assemblies, Camp Meetings, and at the revivals.
When he was ten years old, he participated in a talent contest at the Mississippi-Alabama fair and Dairy Show, and won a prize for the song he sang. Pleased and floating in pride after seeing their child's performance at the contest, his parents gifted him an acoustic guitar on his eleventh birthday.
When Elvis was 13 years old, the Presley family moved to Memphis, Tennessee, in 1948. He completed his graduation from Memphis. To support himself and his father, he took on a job as a truck driver for the Crown Electric Company. He was looking ahead to get a job of an electric repairman.
He had even joined evening classes for that, but destiny had something else in store for him. A disc containing two ballads that he had recorded (at Sun studio for four dollars) to present his mother as a birthday gift, was first heard by the Sun Studio's president, Sam Phillips.
At that time, Sam was in search of a white man who could match the singing style of a black man. After listening to Elvis, he was sure that he had found the man he wanted. Sam made him an offer, and that was the birth of a new singing sensation, and a new superstar was born.
In 1954, his first record was released from Sun Studio. He further toured south as 'The Hillbilly Cat', and produced four more records, which were also very successful. For all this, he took help from Andreas van Kuijk, an illegal Dutch immigrant (and who also called himself Colonel Thomas A. Parker).
In 1955, he signed a $35,000 recording contract with RCA Victor (through Thomas Parker), who promised to help him to project himself as a National Level Star. As promised, he was featured in the newspapers, television, photographs, etc., where he was claimed to be the next superstar of the music world.
At first, all the appearances were intentionally kept waist up by the RCA Victor, which was to make it sure that his impression on his fans should not be affected by his uncommon hip-shaking style.
In year 1956, his first performance with 'Heartbreak Hotel' on The Milton Berle Show successfully put him on the top list of the superstars, and the nationwide 'Elvis Craze' was started. He became the Prince who ruled the hearts of millions of fans.
For the next seven years, from 1956 to 1963, he was the only superstar who ruled the box office and the pop-music charts. He created a history, many of his records where on the top position for about a whole year. All of his albums sold millions of records and were huge hits.
He paved the base of his new musical genre 'Rock-n-Roll', which helped him write his name in the history of music with golden ink. Every youth in the country was crazy after him. In 1956, he was offered a role in a movie, 'Love Me Tender', which was his debut movie.
In the year 1958, he responded to the call from the US Army, and served as a jeep and truck driver in the 3rd Armored Division of US Army in Germany. He served for about two years. During the time of his service, he met Priscilla Beaulieu, whom he married later in 1967.
Elvis was popular even when he was not in action for about two years; people were still crazy for him, and were waiting for his new records and movies. When he returned from the service in 1960, he quit performing in concerts and concentrated in making movies. As his first movie 'Love Me Tender' was a big hit, he had no problem in marking his comeback.
After giving several very successful movies, he returned to the world of music after the birth of his daughter, Lisa Marie, in 1968. His daughter is now a successful singer and songwriter. He once again started working with his old band, and gave some more smashing hits to the world. In the year 1972, he released his last top-ten single 'Burning Love'.
Further, after a couple of years, Elvis and Priscilla got divorced. He had an ongoing plan of building a Memphis estate for his mother at Graceland, for which he made many trips to the place.
His lifestyle had completely changed from what it was previously, as he became a drug addict. He also became a paranoid and had developed a fear that he would be robbed, for which he had started practicing karate.
On August 16, 1977, the 'King of Rock-n-Roll' died at the age of 42 years when he was in a toilet in Graceland. Later, in the autopsy, it was found that his death occurred due to heart failure as a result of drug and alcohol abuse.
It is next to impossible to measure the level of popularity he had reached in his career. Elvis Presley had more than 100 records on the billboard charts, out of which about 18 records were on the number one position. During his lifetime, he worked in about 31 movies; and all of them were huge hits.
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0.985002 |
The CONCACAF Gold Cup (Spanish : Copa de Oro de la CONCACAF) is the main association football competition of the men's national football teams governed by CONCACAF, determining the continental champion of North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. The Gold Cup is held every two years.
The Confederation of North, Central American and Caribbean Association Football is the continental governing body for association football in North America, which includes Central America and the Caribbean region. Three geographically South American entities — the independent nations of Guyana and Suriname and the French overseas department of French Guiana — are also members. CONCACAF's primary functions are to organize competitions for national teams and clubs, and to conduct World Cup and Women's World Cup qualifying tournaments.
The Confederación Centroamericana y del Caribe de Fútbol, also known by its initiallism CCCF, was the governing body of association football in Central America and the Caribbean from 1938 to 1961.
The North American Football Confederation (NAFC) was founded in 1946 and a forerunner to the CONCACAF as the governing body of football in North America until 1961, when it merged with the Confederación Centroamericana y del Caribe de Fútbol (CCCF) to form CONCACAF.
The 1991 CONCACAF Gold Cup was the first edition of the Gold Cup, the football (soccer) championship of North America, Central America and the Caribbean (CONCACAF), and the eleventh overall CONCACAF tournament. The last time the CONCACAF Championship was held was 1971, from that point on the first-place finishers of World Cup qualifying were considered continental champions.
The 1993 CONCACAF Gold Cup was the second edition of the Gold Cup, the football (soccer) championship of North America, Central America and the Caribbean (CONCACAF).
The Guadeloupe regional football team represents the French overseas department and region of Guadeloupe in international football. The team is controlled by the Ligue Guadeloupéenne de Football, a local branch of French Football Federation.
( 1 ) Costa Rica and Jamaica shared third place.
El Salvador national football team is governed by the Salvadoran Football Federation (FESFUT).
The CCCF Championship was an association football (soccer) tournament made for teams in the area of Central America and the Caribbean between the years of 1941 and 1961. It was founded in 1938 and the precursor of the CONCACAF, that was formed when CCCF merged with the NAFC in 1961. The North American Football Confederation also organized the NAFC Championship in 1947 and 1949, which was revived in 1990 and 1991, after 41 years of absence, before the introduction of the CONCACAF Gold Cup.
The Suriname national football team represent Suriname in international football. It is controlled by the Surinamese Football Association.
The Copa Centroamericana is the main association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of the Unión Centroamericana de Fútbol (UNCAF), the sport's Central American governing body. Held every two years since 1991, in the years before and after the FIFA World Cup tournaments, it was originally called the UNCAF Nations Cup, changing to the current name in 2011.
The Unión Centroamericana de Fútbol, more commonly known by the acronym UNCAF, represents the national football teams of Central America: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama. Its member associations are part of CONCACAF.
The CONCACAF Women's Championship, in some years called the CONCACAFWomen'sGoldCup or the CONCACAFWomen'sWorldCupqualifying, is a football competition organized by CONCACAF that often serves as the qualifying competition to the Women's World Cup. In years when the tournament has been held outside the World Cup qualifying cycle, non-CONCACAF members have been invited. CONCACAF is the governing body for football for North America, Central America and the Caribbean. The most successful country has been the United States, winning their eighth title in 2018.
The Francisco Morazán Stadium is one of the three stadiums available to the city of San Pedro Sula, Honduras. It is an official stadium for games of the National League of Professional Football in Honduras; as well as, for international matches and international competitions of the Football Confederation of North, Central and Caribbean (CONCACAF) and FIFA.
The 1991 UNCAF Nations Cup was the inaugural UNCAF Nations Cup, the Central American championship for men's national association football teams. It was organized by the Unión Centroamericana de Fútbol or UNCAF, and it took place in Costa Rica from May 26 to June 2, 1991. All matches were played in the Costa Rican capital, San José at the Estadio Nacional. The top two teams, apart from Costa Rica, go on to participate in the 1991 CONCACAF Gold Cup. Costa Rica were given a bye due to their performance at the 1990 FIFA World Cup.
The 1989 CONCACAF Championship was the tenth and last edition of the CONCACAF Championship held under the format of serving as qualification to the 1990 FIFA World Cup and having no host nation for the final round. The tournament would be succeeded by the CONCACAF Gold Cup in 1991.
The year of 2011 in CONCACAF marked the 48th year of CONCACAF competitions.
The 2017 CONCACAF Under-20 Championship was the 5th edition of the CONCACAF Under-20 Championship, the men's under-20 international football tournament organized by CONCACAF. It was hosted in Costa Rica between 17 February and 5 March 2017.
The CONCACAF Gold Cup is North America's major tournament in senior men's soccer and determines the continental champion. Until 1989, the tournament was known as CONCACAF Championship. It is currently held every two years. From 1996 to 2005, nations from other confederations have regularly joined the tournament as invitees. In earlier editions, the continental championship was held in different countries, but since the inception of the Gold Cup in 1991, the United States are constant hosts or co-hosts. Since then it has expanded to more countries in North America.
The CONCACAF Gold Cup is North America's major tournament in senior men's football and determines the continental champion. Until 1989, the tournament was known as CONCACAF Championship. It is currently held every two years. From 1996 to 2005, nations from other confederations have regularly joined the tournament as invitees. In earlier editions, the continental championship was held in different countries, but since the inception of the Gold Cup in 1991, the United States are constant hosts or co-hosts.
↑ "2007 CONCACAF Gold Cup – Technical Report" (pdf). CONCACAF. 12 November 2007. p. 4. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
↑ "1985 Gabriel Kafaty Cup". Flickr. 3 April 2009. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
↑ "2013, 2015 CONCACAF Gold Cup winners will play one-off match for 2017 Confederations Cup berth". MLS Soccer. April 5, 2013.
↑ "Montagliani happy with 2016, sees big things for CONCACAF in new year". Jamaica Observer . 5 January 2017. Archived from the original on 2017-02-14. Retrieved 13 February 2017. Of course the Gold Cup is this year and it is the last edition of 12 teams as we will increase it to 16 for the 2019 version.
↑ "Costa Rica to host 2019 Gold Cup group matches". 26 November 2018. Retrieved 26 November 2018.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to CONCACAF Gold Cup .
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Copper River near Kokhanok, Alaska Yes, there are several copper rivers in Alaska but almost without fail when people are talking about the Copper River they are talking about the one on the south side of Lake Ilianna. Did you know the Copper River is one of the only rivers in Alaska that has hatches of mayflies, stoneflies, and caddis? Do you think that is the reason the fish here grow so big (rainbows of 20 inches are not that uncommon)? It might be part of the reason, at least at the beginning of the season, but by the third week of July all action on top of the water is done. Sockeye salmon are the first species to run up the river (there is a total of 5 different species that run up the river) and the rainbows get busy with eggs and dead salmon. Guess which pattern is the best. Its egg pattern in any color and any size just so long as it looks like an egg (I have heard of a guy that uses golf balls; I am not kidding). Flesh flies will also work at this time too. As the season goes on the fish keep getting fatter and fatter. If you want to catch rainbows that are so fat it makes Garfield (the cat) look like a body builder I recommend you come in August and September. The main way to fish the river is to jet (literally, jet boats are the best) up to the first big waterfall and drift downstream fishing gravel bars, pools, stumps, undercut banks, and anything else that might hold fish as you go. I recommend you hire a guide to fish here because you do not want to spend your vacation trying to figure out where the fish are; all you have to do is figure out how to catch another fish without your arms falling off. As one last note the river can be really crowed so this is not the place to come for solitude. If you are looking for that fish above the falls where you can find tons of grayling from 12 to 20 inches long swimming around. Good luck fishing!
Copper River is a stream located just 10.9 miles from Kokhanok, in Lake and Peninsula Borough, in the state of Alaska, United States. Fishermen will find a variety of fish including rainbow trout, chinook salmon, arctic grayling, pink salmon and chum salmon here. Whether you’re spinning, fly fishing or baitcasting your chances of getting a bite here are good. So grab your favorite fly fishing rod and reel, and head out to Copper River. For Fishing License purchase, fishing rules, and fishing regulations please visit Alaska Fish & Wildlife. Please remember to check with the local Fish and Wildlife department to ensure the stream is open to the public. Now get out there and fish! Check out our Fishing Times chart to determine when the fish will be most active.
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Canadian students face a unique challenge when applying to medical school. A number of questions may come to mind: Will I remain in Canada to attend medical school? Will I attend in the United States? What about medical school abroad? In what circumstances will I be considered an international student? Are the requirements for a Canadian student more stringent than other students?
Should I remain in Canada or travel to the US for medical school?
This is a very important question for prospective Canadian medical students because there are a number of key differences between applying to medical school in Canada and the US. First, not all of the 130 medical schools in the US accept international students. Additionally, some US medical schools classify Canadian students as international while others view them equivalent to US students. Websites that can help you determine which US medical schools accept applications from Canadian students can be found with a quick Google search. If your prospective US medical school classifies you as an international student, you will need to obtain a visa to travel and study in the US and provide a financial certificate which confirms that you can afford to pay for medical school, since Canadian students cannot obtain US federal student loans. If you want to study medicine in the US, consider a combined MS/PhD program; many of these programs offer scholarships for promising international students. Know that your chances of admission to a US medical school are low: only about 1% of accepted international students ultimately matriculate into a US medical school, and most of these acceptances are from private medical schools, where tuition is sky-high.
If I decide to stay in Canada, what are my medical school options?
Canadian medical school options are smaller than those in the US; there are only 17 medical schools in Canada. The majority of prospective Canadian doctors attend three schools: McGill University, the University of Toronto, and the University of Manitoba.
Approximately 25% of Canadian medical school applicants who apply to a Canadian medical school are accepted, and this low rate speaks to the competitive nature of pursing medical studies in Canada. Canadian medical schools are significantly cheaper to attend than US medical schools. The tuition is so low that Canadian medical students often choose to specialize in primary care medicine, a specialty that usually pays less than most other specialties but is critical to the overall smooth functioning of the health care system.
What do I need to do to get into medical school, whether in Canada or the United States?
The requirements for medical school admission in US and in Canada are very similar. You’ll need a high undergraduate GPA, high MCAT score, solid letters of recommendation, a powerful personal statement, and a comprehensive resume/CV. You’ll want to ace your interviews as well.
This quick guide just for Canadian students who are considering attending medical school just scratches the surface of the journey. Be sure to speak to specific medical school admissions officers to learn more about individual programs that interest you.
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1918 throughout the world.
April 15 – The American League season opened with Boston Red Sox ace Babe Ruth pitching a four-hit, 7–1 victory over the Philadelphia Athletics. Shortly after, Boston manager Ed Barrow started Ruth's conversion to slugger by working him into seventy-two games as an outfielder–first baseman.
April 18 – Cleveland Indians center fielder Tris Speaker turned an unassisted double play against the Detroit Tigers. Eleven days later, Speaker duplicated the feat against the Chicago White Sox for the fourth unassisted double play of his career to set a franchise record that he would later share with teammate Elmer Smith.
May 14 – Sunday baseball was officially legalized in Washington, D.C. after district commissioners finally rescinded the ban in response to the large increase in the city's wartime population and the need for more recreational activities.
June 3 – Dutch Leonard tosses the second no-hitter of his career, leading the Boston Red Sox to a 5–0 victory over the Detroit Tigers.
June 13 – St. Louis Cardinals outfielder Cliff Heathcote hits for the cycle against the Philadelphia Phillies. The game would be called for darkness with the score tied 8–8.
August 1 – The Pittsburgh Pirates and the Boston Braves went head-to-head for a major-league record twenty scoreless innings. Marathon man Art Nehf went the distance for Boston, but was eventually beaten 2–0 in the twenty-first inning.
August 9 – Cincinnati Reds manager Christy Mathewson suspended Hal Chase indefinitely after suspecting him of taking bribes to fix games. Chase was eventually reinstated and returned to play for the New York Giants in 1919.
September 1 – During the regular season, Washington Senators ace Walter Johnson completed fifteen extra inning games, including two of eighteen innings, one of sixteen innings, and another of fifteen innings.
September 5 – During the 7th inning stretch in Game 1 of the World Series, a military band played the Star Spangled Banner as a tribute to all servicemen on leave and in attendance. From then on, the song was played at every World Series outing and every season opener, though it was not yet adopted as the national anthem. The custom of playing it before every game began during World War II, after the installation of stadium speaker systems made it more feasible.
September 11 – Against the backdrop of World War I, which forced the premature ending to the regular season on September 1, the Boston Red Sox defeated the Chicago Cubs, 2–1, in Game 6 of the World Series to win their fifth world championship, and third in four years, four games to two. The Red Sox would not win another championship for the next 86 years.
October 5 – National League infielder Eddie Grant became the first major league player killed in wartime action while leading a mission in the Meuse–Argonne Offensive to rescue the Lost Battalion, which was trapped behind German lines. Other players killed in World War I included Alex Burr, Larry Chappell, Ralph Sharman, and Bun Troy.
January 9 - George Ulrich, 48, National League outfielder who played between 1892 and 1896 for the Washington Senators, Cincinnati Reds and New York Giants.
January 24 - Mike Gaule, 48, outfielder for the 1889 Louisville Colonels of the American Association.
February 2 - Jack Crooks, 52, second baseman who played with four different teams between 1889 and 1896, and also managed the 1892 St. Louis Browns of the National League.
February 5 - Carl Druhot, 35, pitcher who played from 1906 to 1907 for the Cincinnati Reds and St. Louis Cardinals.
February 21 - John Fogarty, 53, outfielder for the 1885 St. Louis Maroons of the National League.
March 2 - George Kaiserling, 24, pitcher who played from 1914 through 1915 with the Indianapolis Hoosiers and the Newark Pepper of the Federal League.
March 4 - Lon Ury, 40, first baseman for the 1903 St. Louis Cardinals.
March 10 - Jim McCormick, 61, pitcher who posted a 265-214 record with a 2.43 ERA for six different teams between 1878 and 1897, who is regarded as the first ballplayer born in Glasgow to appear in a major league game.
March 22 - Jim Holdsworth, 67, shortstop for seven different teams in a nine season career that spanned between 1870 and 1884.
March 24 - Jack Farrell, 25, second baseman who played from 1914 to 1915 for the Chicago Whales.
April 6 - Bill Bowman, 49, catcher for the 1891 Chicago Colts.
April 6 - Newt Halliday, 21, first baseman for the 1916 Pittsburgh Pirates.
April 9 - Ed Wilkinson, 27, outfielder and infielder for the 1912 New York Highlanders of the American League.
April 10 - Owen Shannon, 38, backup catcher for the 1907 Washington Senators of the American League.
April 25 - Dave Williams, 37, pitcher for the 1902 Boston Americans of the American League.
May 4 - Maury Uhler, 31, outfielder for the 1914 Cincinnati Reds.
May 15 - Patsy Tebeau, 53, a 19th-century infielder/manager for the Cleveland and St. Louis National League teams.
May 24 - Chris McFarland, 56, outfielder for the 1884 Baltimore Monumentals of the Union Association.
May 24 - Ralph Sharman, 23, outfielder for the 1917 Philadelphia Athletics, who drowned while serving in World War I.
May 26 - George Bone, 43, shortstop for the 1901 Milwaukee Brewers of the American League.
June 11 - Mike Hickey, 46, second baseman who appeared in one game for the 1899 Boston Beaneaters of the National League.
June 12 - Larry Ressler, 69, outfielder who played during the 1875 season for the Washington Nationals of the National Association, who is recognized as the first player born in France to play in American professional baseball.
June 14 - George Wheeler, 36, pinch hitter who played in three games for the Cincinnati Reds in the 1910 season.
June 21 - Davy Force, 68, shortstop who posted a .249 average with 1060 hits and 653 runs scored in 1029 games for nine different teams between 1871 and 1886.
June 25 - Jake Beckley, 50, owner of the major league record for career games as a first baseman, a .308 career hitter who retired with the second most hits in major league history.
July 17 - Elmer Horton, 48, pitcher for the Pittsburgh Pirates (1896) and Brooklyn Bridegrooms (1898).
July 21 - Larry Pape, 35, pitcher who posted a 12-9 record and a 2.81 ERA for the Boston Red Sox in part of three seasons between 1909 and 1912 and later pitched for Triple-A Buffalo Bisons in 1913.
August 3 - Mike Lawlor, 64, catcher for the NL Troy Trojans in 1880 and the UA Washington Nationals in 1884.
September 10 - Ed Cassian, 50, pitcher for the NL Philadelphia Phillies and the UA Washington Statesmen during the 1891 season.
September 12 - Ernie Beam, 51, pitcher for the 1895 Philadelphia Phillies.
September 28 - John Frill, 39, pitcher for the New York Highlanders, St. Louis Browns and Cincinnati Reds between 1910 and 1912.
October 4 - Phil Routcliffe, 47, Canadian outfielder who played for the 1890 Pittsburgh Alleghenys of the National League.
October 5 - Eddie Grant, 35, infielder for the Cleveland Naps, Phiildelphia Phillies, Cincinnati Reds and New York Giants between 1905 and 1917, who was killed in action while serving in World War I.
October 7 - Bun Troy, 30, German-born pitcher for 1912 Detroit Tigers, who was killed in action while serving with the U.S. Army during World War I.
October 9 - Fred Gaiser, 33, German pitcher who played for the St. Louis Cardinals during the 1908 season.
October 10 - George LeClair, 31, Canadian pitcher who played from 1914 to 1915 in the Federal League with the Pittsburgh Rebels, Buffalo Blues and Baltimore Terrapins.
October 12 - Alex Burr, 24, outfielder for the 1914 New York Yankees, who was killed in an airplane accident while serving in World War I.
October 12 - Harry Glenn, 28, backup catcher for the 1915 St. Louis Cardinals.
October 18 - Tom Reilly, 34, shortstop in parts of three seasons with the St. Louis Cardinals (1908–1909) and the Cleveland Naps (1914).
October 21 - Harry Chapman, 30, catcher who played in three different leagues from 1912 to 1916 for the Chicago Cubs, Cincinnati Reds, St. Louis Terriers and St. Louis Browns.
October 26 - Charlie Rhodes, 33, who pitched for the Cardinals and Reds between 1906 and 1909.
October 31 - Charlie Hilsey, 54, pitcher and outfielder who played for the NL Philadelphia Quakers (1883) and the AA Philadelphia Athletics (1884).
November 7 - Mike Tiernan, 51, right fielder who played exclusively for the New York Giants from 1887 through 1899, compiling a .311 average with 106 home runs, 853 RBI, 1316 runs and 428 stolen bases in 1478 games.
November 8 - Larry Chappell, 28, outfielder for the Chicago White Sox, Cleveland Indians and Boston Braves from 1913 to 1917, who died in an army camp from the Spanish flu pandemic while serving in World War I.
December 4 - Walt Dickson, 40, who pitched from 1910 through 1915 for the Boston Braves, Pittsburgh Rebels and New York Giants.
December 8 - Ed Mincher, 67, National Association outfielder who played from 1868 to 1872 for the Baltimore Marylands, Fort Wayne Kekiongas and Washington Nationals.
December 10 - Lester Dole, 63, outfielder for the 1875 New Haven Elm Citys of the National Association.
December 13 - Frank Arellanes, 36, Mexican-American pitcher for the Boston Red Sox from 1908 to 1910, who died in San Jose, California, victim of the Spanish flu pandemic.
December 20 - Silk O'Loughlin, 48, American League umpire since 1902 who worked in a record ten no-hitters and introduced the practice of shouting calls for balls, strikes and outs.
December 25 - Bob Blakiston, 63, outfielder who played from 1882 to 1884 in the American Association for the Philadelphia Athletics and Indianapolis Hoosiers.
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In a shocking revelation, given headline coverage in a British newspaper, The Independent, it is revealed that there is evidence to suggest that Israel was using uranium based weapons when firing on Lebanon.
The damaged caused by such weapons inflict vicious wounds, which will burst into flames when exposed to air, even after the initial infliction. The threat does not end there as the particles of uranium released from the weapon remain in the land and air causing cancer for years to come.
Despite restriction in the third protocol of the Geneva Convention we know that Israel was using phosphorous bombs on its victims in Lebanon; a weapon which burns through the skin.
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Concerns are frequently raised about vaccines and immunization protocols by members of the general public and in the media. These concerns can be serious and are often misplaced. See the graphic below for some factors that may trigger public concerns.
We need to improve the quantity, quality and targeting of communication about vaccine safety if we are to increase acceptance of vaccination through improved awareness of the risks and benefits.
The impressive decline in the rates and severity of childhood infections in high-income, industrialized countries during the twentieth century (see diagram) has effectively faded memories of the threats to health and life posed by once-common diseases such as measles, polio, pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus. The benefits of vaccination are no longer being reinforced by direct experience of the diseases that vaccines prevent.
* Per 100,000 population per year.
** Adapted from Armstrong GL, Conn LA, Pinner RW. Trends in infectious disease mortality in the United States during the 20th century. JAMA 1999:281; 61–6.
§ American Water Works Association. Water chlorination principles and practices: AWWA manual M20. Denver, Colorado: American Water Works Association, 1973.
Some parents in countries such as the USA and western Europe may feel that exposing a child to even a small potential risk from vaccination is unnecessary because they assume that infectious diseases are 'a thing of the past'. Parents have to be made aware of the consequences of their decisions not to vaccinate their children – if herd immunity Herd immunityA population with a high proportion of individuals with immunity to a particular pathogen, as a consequence of immunization or infection and recovery, may confer protection from infection on the small proportion of its non-immune members because there are too few susceptible people in the 'herd' for the infection to circulate. falls, the disease may re-emerge and spread through the population. This is what happened when concerns about the safety of the vaccine against measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) in the 1990s led to a sharp decline in vaccine uptake in the UK, followed by an increase in cases of measles, mumps and rubella.
New vaccines are being introduced and a wider range of ages is being targeted for routine immunization. For example, teenagers in some countries are offered vaccines against human papillomavirus and bacterial meningitis Bacterial meningitisInflammation of the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord; caused by a bacterial infection.. Likewise, elderly people are encouraged to seek vaccination against influenza. In the developing world, women of childbearing age are targeted for vaccination with at least two doses of tetanus toxoid to protect themselves and their newborns from the disease.
Communication with different age groups requires different skills and the use of age-appropriate language. Staff needs to be prepared and trained to deal with the different target groups and to expect different adverse events (e.g. immunization anxiety may occur at a different frequency in different age groups).
Finally, good communication to all relevant stakeholders is essential to keep the trust of the public towards a transparent and accountable immunization service.
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Just when I think I'm all caught up on Serial and can pay attention to something else for a while, something new comes up that completely absorbs me. As the latest example, we now know what Adnan Syed looks like today. Syed hasn't been released from prison just yet, although fans of the first season of Serial and those who listened to Undisclosed might be hoping otherwise. Rather, we've caught a new glimpse of Syed because he was in the Baltimore City Circuit Court — along with his family and Serial creator Sarah Koenig — for a post-conviction hearing, asking for post-conviction relief.
Syed is asking for a new trial on the basis that his original trial attorney, Cristina Gutierrez, provided "ineffective assistance of counsel." In other words, Syed claims that he wouldn't be in prison today if he'd had a better lawyer. Specifically, Syed's legal team is claiming that Gutierrez neglected to follow up with Asia McClain, who provided what could be a potential alibi for Syed. Gutierrez, who died in 2004, cannot refute these claims. To recap, McClain stated in January 2015 in a new affidavit provided to The Blaze that she "was with Syed at the exact time the state argued that he killed his ex-girlfriend in 1999," despite the fact that attorney Kevin Urick claimed that she had recanted her original affidavit. "What actually happened is that I wrote the affidavit because I wanted to provide the truth about what I remembered," McClain wrote. "My only goal has always been to provide the truth about what I remembered."
And here he is at a babyfaced 18 in 1999, compared with today.
Even more rattling images are sure to follow as the process continues. All we can do at this point is to send good mental energy toward justice in this case, in whatever form that takes.
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In this paper, we propose a new method of structural learning, Genetic Algorithm with Damaged Genes (DGGA). When genes are damaged, an individual who has the damaged genes may express the phenotype of the genes imperfectly, or even may not express the phenotype. To realize this phenomenon, we give a new map ping function from genotype to phenotype, which depends on damaged genes. We also introduce the probabilistic changes from a normal gene to a damaged gene. We can reduce the genes that have lower effectiveness by these changes. Through structural learning of a polynomial model and layered neural networks, we show that DGGA can optimize the parameter structure of the models and DGGA is a general-purpose method for structural learning.
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Copernicium (pronounced /koʊpərˈnɪsiəm/ koe-pər-NIS-ee-əm, with the first C hard and the second soft) is a synthetic radioactive chemical element with the symbol Cn and atomic number 112. The element was previously known by the IUPAC systematic element name ununbium (pronounced /uːnˈuːnbiəm/ ( listen) oon-OON-bee-əm), with the symbol Uub. It was first created in 1996 by the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI). It is named after the astronomer Copernicus.
Copernicium is currently the highest-numbered element to be officially recognised by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). The most stable isotope discovered to date is 285Cn with a half-life of ≈30 s, although evidence exists that 285Cn may have a nuclear isomer with a much longer half-life of 8.9 min. In total, about 75 atoms of copernicium have been detected using various nuclear reactions. Recent experiments suggest that copernicium behaves as a typical member of group 12, demonstrating properties consistent with a volatile metal.
Copernicium was first created on February 9, 1996, at the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI) in Darmstadt, Germany by Sigurd Hofmann, Victor Ninov et al. This element was created by firing accelerated zinc-70 nuclei at a target made of lead-208 nuclei in a heavy ion accelerator. A single atom (the second has subsequently been dismissed) of copernicium was produced with a mass number of 277.
In May 2000, the GSI successfully repeated the experiment to synthesise a further atom of Cn-277. This reaction was repeated at RIKEN using the GARIS set-up in 2004 to synthesise two further atoms and confirm the decay data reported by the GSI team.
The IUPAC/IUPAP Joint Working Party (JWP) assessed the claim of discovery by the GSI team in 2001 and 2003. In both cases, they found that there was insufficient evidence to support their claim. This was primarily related to the contradicting decay data for the known isotope 261Rf. However, between 2001 and 2005, the GSI team studied the reaction 248Cm(26Mg,5n)269Hs, and were able to confirm the decay data for 269Hs and 261Rf. It was found that the existing data on 261Rf was for an isomer, now designated 261a Rf.
In May 2009, the JWP reported on the claims of discovery of element 112 again and officially recognised the GSI team as the discoverers of element 112. This decision was based on recent confirmation of the decay properties of daughter nuclei as well as the confirmatory experiments at RIKEN.
After acknowledging their discovery, the IUPAC asked the discovery team at GSI to suggest a permanent name for ununbium. On 14 July 2009, they proposed copernicium with the element symbol Cp, after Nicolaus Copernicus "to honor an outstanding scientist, who changed our view of the world." IUPAC delayed the official recognition of the name, pending the results of a six-month discussion period among the scientific community.
Alternative spellings had been suggested to Hofmann, namely "copernicum", "copernium", and "kopernikium" (Kp), and Hofmann has said that the team had discussed the possibility of "copernicum" or "kopernikum", but that they had agreed on "copernicium" in order to comply with current IUPAC rules, which allow only the suffix -ium for new elements.
However, it was pointed out that the symbol Cp was previously associated with the name cassiopeium (cassiopium), now known as lutetium (Lu). Furthermore, the symbol Cp is also used in organometallic chemistry to denote the ligand cyclopentadiene. For this reason, the IUPAC disallowed the use of Cp as a future symbol, prompting the GSI team to put forward the symbol Cn as an alternative. On February 19, 2010, the 537th anniversary of Copernicus' birth, IUPAC officially accepted the proposed name and symbol.
The table below contains various combinations of targets and projectiles which could be used to form compound nuclei with Z=112.
This section deals with the synthesis of nuclei of copernicium by so-called "cold" fusion reactions. These are processes which create compound nuclei at low excitation energy (~10–20 MeV, hence "cold"), leading to a higher probability of survival from fission. The excited nucleus then decays to the ground state via the emission of one or two neutrons only.
The team at GSI first studied this reaction in 1996 and reported the detection of two decay chains of 277Cn. In a review of the data in 2000, the first decay chain was retracted. In a repeat of the reaction in 2000 they were able to synthesise a further atom. They attempted to measure the 1n excitation function in 2002 but suffered from a failure of the Zn-70 beam. The unofficial discovery of 277Cn was confirmed in 2004 at RIKEN, where researchers detected a further two atoms of the isotope and were able to confirm the decay data for the entire chain.
After the successful synthesis of 277Cn, the GSI team performed a reaction using a 68Zn projectile in 1997 in an effort to study the effect of isospin (neutron richness) on the chemical yield. The experiment was initiated after the discovery of a yield enhancement during the synthesis of darmstadtium isotopes using 62Ni and 64Ni ions. No decay chains of 275Cn were detected leading to a cross section limit of 1.2 pb. However, the revision of the yield for the 70Zn reaction to 0.5 pb does not rule out a similar yield for this reaction.
In 1990, after some early indications for the formation of isotopes of copernicium in the irradiation of a tungsten target with multi-GeV protons, a collaboration between GSI and the University of Jerusalem studied the foregoing reaction. They were able to detect some spontaneous fission activity and a 12.5 MeV alpha decay, both of which they tentatively assigned to the radiative capture product 272Cn or the 1n evaporation residue 271Cn. Both the TWG and JWP have concluded that a lot more research is required to confirm these conclusions.
This section deals with the synthesis of nuclei of copernicium by so-called "hot" fusion reactions. These are processes which create compound nuclei at high excitation energy (~40–50 MeV, hence "hot"), leading to a reduced probability of survival from fission and quasi-fission. The excited nucleus then decays to the ground state via the emission of 3–5 neutrons. Fusion reactions utilizing 48Ca nuclei usually produce compound nuclei with intermediate excitation energies (~30–35 MeV) and are sometimes referred to as "warm" fusion reactions. This leads, in part, to relatively high yields from these reactions.
In 1998, the team at the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Research began a research program using Ca-48 nuclei in "warm" fusion reactions leading to superheavy elements (SHE's). In March 1998, they claimed to have synthesised the element (two atoms) in this reaction. The product, 283Cn, had a claimed half-life of 5 min, decaying by spontaneous fission (SF).
The long lifetime of the product initiated first chemical experiments on the gas phase atomic chemistry of element 112. In 2000, Yuri Yukashev at Dubna repeated the experiment but was unable to observe any spontaneous fission from 5 min activities. The experiment was repeated in 2001 and an accumulation of eight fragments resulting from spontaneous fission were found in the low-temperature section, indicating that copernicium had radon-like properties. However, there is now some serious doubt about the origin of these results.
In order to confirm the synthesis, the reaction was successfully repeated by the same team in Jan 2003, confirming the decay mode and half life. They were also able to calculate an estimate of the mass of the spontaneous fission activity to ~285 lending support to the assignment.
The team at LBNL entered the debate and performed the reaction in 2002. They were unable to detect any spontaneous fission and calculated a cross section limit of 1.6 pb for the detection of a single event.
The reaction was repeated in 2003–2004 by the team at Dubna using a slightly different set-up, the Dubna Gas Filled Recoil Separator (DGFRS). This time, 283Cn was found to decay by emission of a 9.53 MeV alpha-particle with a half-life of 4 seconds. 282Cn was also observed in the 4n channel.
In 2003, the team at GSI entered the debate and performed a search for the five-minute SF activity in chemical experiments. Like the Dubna team, they were able to detect seven SF fragments in the low temperature section. However, these SF events were uncorrelated, suggesting they were not from actual direct SF of copernicium nuclei and raised doubts about the original indications for radon-like properties. After the announcement from Dubna of different decay properties for 283Cn, the GSI team repeated the experiment in September 2004. They were unable to detect any SF events and calculated a cross section limit of ~ 1.6 pb for the detection of one event, not in contradiction with the reported 2.5 pb yield by Dubna.
In May 2005, the GSI performed a physical experiment and identified a single atom of 283Cn decaying by SF with a short lifetime suggesting a previously unknown SF branch. However, initial work by Dubna had detected several direct SF events but had assumed that the parent alpha decay had been missed. These results indicated that this was not the case.
In 2006, the new decay data on 283Cn was confirmed by a joint PSI-FLNR experiment aimed at probing the chemical properties of copernicium. Two atoms of 283Cn were observed in the decay of the parent 287Uuq nuclei. The experiment indicated that contrary to previous experiments, copernicium behaves as a typical member of group 12, demonstrating properties of a volatile metal.
Finally, the team at GSI successfully repeated their physical experiment in Jan 2007 and detected three atoms of 283Cn, confirming both the alpha and SF decay modes.
As such, the 5 min SF activity is still unconfirmed and unidentified. It is possible that it refers to an isomer, namely 283bCn, whose yield is dependent upon the exact production methods.
The team at FLNR studied this reaction in 2004. They were unable to detect any atoms of element 112 and calculated a cross section limit of 600 fb. The team concluded that this indicated that the neutron mass number for the compound nucleus had an effect on the yield of evaporation residues.
Copernicium has also been observed as decay products of elements 114, 116, and 118 (see ununoctium).
As an example, in May 2006, the Dubna team (JINR) identified 282Cn as a final product in the decay of ununoctium via the alpha decay sequence.
It was found that the final nucleus undergoes spontaneous fission.
In the claimed synthesis of 293Uuo in 1999 (see ununoctium) the isotope 281Cn was identified as decaying by emission of a 10.68 MeV alpha particle with half-life 0.90 ms. The claim was retracted in 2001 and hence this copernicium isotope is currently unknown or unconfirmed.
In the synthesis of 289Uuq and 293Uuh, a 8.63 MeV alpha-decaying activity has been detected with a half-life of 8.9 minutes. Although unconfirmed in recent experiments, it is highly possible that this is associated with an isomer, namely 285bCn.
First experiments on the synthesis of 283Cn produced a SF activity with half-life ~5 min. This activity was also observed from the alpha decay of 287Uuq. The decay mode and half-life were also confirmed in a repetition of the first experiment. However, more recently,283Cn has been observed to undergo 9.52 MeV alpha decay and SF with a half-life of 3.9 s. These results suggest the assignment of the two activities to two different isomeric levels in 283Cn, creating 283aCn and 283bCn. Further research is required to address these discrepancies.
The table below provides cross-sections and excitation energies for cold fusion reactions producing copernicium isotopes directly. Data in bold represent maxima derived from excitation function measurements. + represents an observed exit channel.
The table below provides cross-sections and excitation energies for hot fusion reactions producing copernicium isotopes directly. Data in bold represents maxima derived from excitation function measurements. + represents an observed exit channel.
Several experiments have been performed between 2001 and 2004 at the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions in Dubna studying the fission characteristics of the compound nucleus 286Cn. The nuclear reaction used is 238U+48Ca. The results have revealed how nuclei such as this fission predominantly by expelling closed shell nuclei such as 132Sn (Z=50, N=82). It was also found that the yield for the fusion-fission pathway was similar between 48Ca and 58Fe projectiles, indicating a possible future use of 58Fe projectiles in superheavy element formation.
Copernicium is the last member of the 6d series of transition metals and the heaviest member of group 12 (IIB) in the Periodic Table, below zinc, cadmium and mercury. Each of the members of this group show a stable +2 oxidation state. In addition, mercury(I), Hg2+2, is also well known. Copernicium is therefore expected to form a stable +2 state.
The known members of group 12 all react with oxygen and sulfur directly to form the oxides and sulfides, MO and MS, respectively. Mercury(II) oxide, HgO, can be decomposed by heat to the liquid metal. Mercury also has a well known affinity for sulfur. Therefore, copernicium should form an analogous oxide CnO and sulfide CnS.
In their halogen chemistry, all the metals form the ionic difluoride MF2 upon reaction with fluorine. The other halides are known but for mercury, the soft nature of the Hg(II) ion leads to a high degree of covalency and HgCl2, HgBr2 and HgI2 are low-melting, volatile solids. Therefore, copernicium is expected to form an ionic fluoride, CnF2, but volatile halides, CnCl2, CnBr2 and CnI2.
In addition, mercury is well known for its alloying properties, with the concomitant formation of amalgams, especially with gold and silver. It is also a volatile metal and is monatomic in the vapour phase. Copernicium is therefore also predicted to be a volatile metal which readily combines with gold to form a Au-Cn metal-metal bond.
Copernicium has the ground state electron configuration [Rn]5f14 6d10 7s2 and thus belongs to group 12 of the Periodic Table. As such, it should behave as the heavier homologue of mercury (Hg) and form strong binary compounds with noble metals like gold. Experiments probing the reactivity of copernicium have focused on the adsorption of atoms of element 112 onto a gold surface held at varying temperatures, in order to calculate an adsorption enthalpy. Due to possible relativistic stabilisation of the 7s electrons, leading to radon-like properties, experiments were performed with the simultaneous formation of mercury and radon radioisotopes, allowing a comparison of adsorption characteristics.
The first experiments were conducted using the 238U(48Ca,3n)283Cn reaction. Detection was by spontaneous fission of the claimed 5 min parent isotope. Analysis of the data indicated that copernicium was more volatile than mercury and had noble-gas properties. However, the confusion regarding the synthesis of 283Cn has cast some doubt on these experimental results.
Given this uncertainty, between April-May 2006 at the JINR, a FLNR-PSI team conducted experiments probing the synthesis of this isotope as a daughter in the nuclear reaction 242Pu(48Ca,3n)287Uuq. In this experiment, two atoms of 283Cn were unambiguously identified and the adsorption properties indicated that copernicium is a more volatile homologue of mercury, due to formation of a weak metal-metal bond with gold, placing it firmly in group 12.
In April 2007 this experiment was repeated and a further three atoms of 283Cn were positively identified. The adsorption property was confirmed and indicated that copernicium has adsorption properties completely in agreement with being the heaviest member of group 12.
3. ^ a b Eichler, R; Aksenov, NV; Belozerov, AV; Bozhikov, GA; Chepigin, VI; Dmitriev, SN; Dressler, R; Gäggeler, HW et al. (2007). "Chemical Characterization of Element 112". Nature 447 (7140): 72–75. doi:10.1038/nature05761. PMID 17476264.
4. ^ a b c S. Hofmann, et al. (1996). "The new element 112". Zeitschrift für Physik: A Hadrons and Nuclei 354 (1): 229–230. doi:10.1007/BF02769517.
5. ^ Hofmann et al. (2002). "New Results on Element 111 and 112". European Physical Journal A Hadrons and Nuclei 14 (2): 147–57. doi:10.1140/epja/i2001-10119-x.
6. ^ Hofmann et al. (2000). "New Results on Element 111 and 112". GSI Scientific Report 2000. http://www.gsi.de/informationen/wti/library/scientificreport2000/Nuc_St/7/ar-2000-z111-z112.pdf.
7. ^ K. Morita (2004). "Decay of an Isotope 277112 produced by 208Pb + 70Zn reaction". Proceedings of the International Symposium. Exotic Nuclei (EXON2004). World Scientific. pp. 188–191. doi:10.1142/9789812701749_0027.
8. ^ Karol, P. J; Nakahara, H; Petley, B. W; Vogt, E (2001). "On the Discovery of the Elements 110–112" (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure Appl. Chem. 73 (6): 959–967. doi:10.1351/pac200173060959. http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/2001/pdf/7306x0959.pdf.
9. ^ Karol, P. J; Nakahara, H; Petley, B. W; Vogt, E (2003). "On the Claims for Discovery of Elements 110, 111, 112, 114, 116 and 118" (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure Appl. Chem. 75 (10): 1061–1611. doi:10.1351/pac200375101601. http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/2003/pdf/7510x1601.pdf.
10. ^ R. Dressler; A. Türler (2001). "Evidence for Isomeric States in 261Rf". Annual Report 2001. Paul Scherrer Institute. http://lch.web.psi.ch/pdf/anrep01/B-02heavies.pdf.
12. ^ Barber, R.C; Gaeggeler, H.W; Karol, P.J; Nakahara, H; Vardaci, E; Vogt, E (2009). "Discovery of the element with atomic number 112" (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure Appl. Chem. 81: 1331. doi:10.1351/PAC-REP-08-03-05. http://media.iupac.org/publications/pac/asap/pdf/PAC-REP-08-03-05.pdf.
13. ^ "New Chemical Element In The Periodic Table". www.sciencedaily.com. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/06/090611210039.htm.
14. ^ Barber, Robert C.; Gäggeler; Karol; Nakahara; Vardaci; Vogt (2009). "Discovery of the element with atomic number 112 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry 81: 1331. doi:10.1351/PAC-REP-08-03-05.
15. ^ "Element 112 shall be named "copernicium"". www.gsi.de. July 14, 2009. http://www.gsi.de/portrait/Pressemeldungen/14072009_e.html.
17. ^ "News: Start of the Name Approval Process for the Element of Atomic Number 112". IUPAC. http://www.iupac.org/web/nt/2009-07-21_Naming_Element_112.
19. ^ Meija, J (2009). "The need for a fresh symbol to designate copernicium". Nature 461 (7262): 341. doi:10.1038/461341c. PMID 19759598.
20. ^ "71. Lutetium - Elementymology & Elements Multidict". Elements.vanderkrogt.net. http://elements.vanderkrogt.net/element.php?sym=Lu. Retrieved 2010-02-22.
21. ^ "Science & Environment | New element named 'copernicium'". BBC News. 2009-07-16. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/8153596.stm. Retrieved 2010-02-22.
22. ^ "[IUPAC]Element 112 is Named Copernicium". iupac.org. doi:10.1351/PAC-REP-08-03-05. http://www.iupac.org/web/nt/2010-02-20_112_Copernicium. Retrieved 2010-02-22.
23. ^ Oganessian et al. (1999). "Search for new isotopes of element 112 by irradiation of 238U with 48Ca". Eur. Phys. J. A 5 (1): 63–68. doi:10.1007/s100500050257.
24. ^ Yu Ts Oganessian et al. (2004). "Second Experiment at VASSILISSA separator on the synthesis of the element 112". Eur. Phys. J. A 19 (1): 3–6. doi:10.1140/epja/i2003-10113-4.
25. ^ W. Loveland, K. E. Gregorich, J. B. Patin, D. Peterson, C. Rouki, P. M. Zielinski, and K. Aleklett (2002). "Search for the production of element 112 in the 48Ca+238U reaction". Phys. Rev. C 66 (4): 044617. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.66.044617.
26. ^ a b Yu. Ts. Oganessian et al. (2004). "Measurements of cross sections and decay properties of the isotopes of elements 112, 114, and 116 produced in the fusion reactions 233,238U, 242Pu, and 248Cm+48Ca". Phys. Rev. C 70: 064609. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.70.064609.
27. ^ S. Soverna (2003). Indication for a gaseous element 112. 2003. GSI Scientific Report. p. 187. http://www.gsi.de/informationen/wti/library/scientificreport2003/files/167.pdf.
28. ^ S. Hofmann, et al. (2005). Search for Element 112 Using the Hot Fusion Reaction 48Ca + 238U. 2005. GSI Scientific Report. p. 191. http://www.gsi.de/informationen/wti/library/scientificreport2005/PAPERS/NUSTAR-SHE-PHYS-01.pdf.
29. ^ S. Hofmann et al. (2007). "The reaction 48Ca + 238U -> 286112* studied at the GSI-SHIP". Eur. Phys. J. A 32 (3): 251–260. doi:10.1140/epja/i2007-10373-x.
30. ^ Oganessian, Yu. Ts.; et al. (2006). "Synthesis of the isotopes of elements 118 and 116 in the 249Cf and 245Cm+48Ca fusion reactions". Physical Review C 74 (4): 044602. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.74.044602.
32. ^ a b Feng, Zhao-Qing (2007). "Formation of superheavy nuclei in cold fusion reactions". Physical Review C 76: 044606. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.76.044606. http://arxiv.org/pdf/0707.2588.
33. ^ a b c d Influence of entrance channels on formation of superheavy nuclei in massive fusion reactions. http://arxiv.org/pdf/0904.2994.
34. ^ H. W. Gäggeler (2007). "Gas Phase Chemistry of Superheavy Elements". Paul Scherrer Institute. http://lch.web.psi.ch/files/lectures/TexasA&M/TexasA&M.pdf.
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Sexist advertisement is still the norm in many countries, but fortunately there is resistance. Many companies ignore women as potential buyers when they create their advertisement and so use women to sell their products to men. In general most ads are still dominated by very rigid gender stereotypes, therefore it was quite unusual when the jewelry company Tiffany launched an ad that features a gay couple (though it is still aimed at a male audience, featuring two white men).
Why does this matter? A dialogue comparing German and Swedish ads proves the link between ads and how a society values women and how advanced gender equality is. In the German ad the same product is advertised showing women being stupid, doing chores or being naked, while in Swedish ads men and women are more likely to be portrayed as equal partners or it shows men playing with children. In Sweden, more men go on paternity leave than in Germany and working hours are more adapted to family responsibilities of both partners.
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Seroxat/Paxil addiction studied by Glaxo… or not?
This a repost – originally from March 2007. It’s worth reading again because of recent legal stuff that I can’t talk about at the moment.
You might think that after all the years of doctors and patients all around the world saying Seroxat is highly addictive and Glaxo saying “Oh no it isn’t” – that Glaxo would simply undertake the definitive study to prove us all wrong and to show the world once and for all really how safe and non-addictive Seroxat is… well, it turns out Glaxo has already done this – or maybe they haven’t….?
Confused – now read on.
The following exchange is from a transcript of a video deposition taken from Dr. David Wheadon, who was at the time, Vice President Regulatory Affairs and Product Professional Services, GlaxoSmithKline, in Philadelphia, PA on Thursday, October 19, 2000 prior to the Tobin/Schell civil suit.
Questioning Dr. Wheadon were California attorney Donald J. Farber and Texas attorney Andy Vickery.
Paxil Victim’s Attorney: I’m asking you to kind of elevate yourself above this particular paper and go to your general knowledge now on Paxil. You have been now with the company eight years, and you have studied and are aware, I presume, of Paxil’s traits in either causing or unrelated to addiction and withdrawal, and based on that general knowledge I think you probably have, do you consider as a labeling instruction today that this paragraph, physical and psychological dependence, is a good labeling instruction?
GlaxoSmithKline’s Dr. Wheadon: Well, quite frankly, it is an outdated labeling instruction, because there have been a number of systematic studies in humans looking at the potential for Paxil for abuse, tolerance and physical dependence. So actually, there is data to date to negate the statement that it has not been systematically studied, because, in fact, it has been.
That’s clear enough then – Paxil (Seroxat) has been studied a number of times in humans looking at the potential for Paxil for abuse, tolerance and physical dependence… and of course, Dr Wheadon was under oath – so he had to tell the truth – didn’t he?
So while Wheadon said one thing (under oath) in 2000, Glaxo says the EXACT opposite in its current [March 2007] official prescribing information.
One of these statements has to be a lie.
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What is role of forums in internet marketing ?
Forum posting is the main role of your business development. This is very useful for the best internet marketing strategy.
Forums are used to exchange knowledge and also try to get leads.
Forum posting is one of the effective parts of Internet Marketing. You can increase traffic from forum posting. You can put your blog post in the Forum signature area.
Forums help to build backlinks for your website through signature links. They often provide nofollow links, but some are dofollow.
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Compassionate love describes attitudes toward and service for others, motivated by a desire for the good of the other. It includes caring for, valuing, and respecting the person so loved. The combination of the two words "compassionate" and "love" highlights features in both words: this combination describes sympathy towards the other, in a way that is caring, respectful, and appropriately emotionally engaged, which leads to appropriate action in service of the other person. Compassionate love can operate through the relief of suffering, but also through acknowledging life's full possibilities and making space for each human being to reach his or her potential. Compassionate love encourages fullness of life in the other. By the early twenty-first century, compassionate love was also bolstered by scientific research and incorporated into a social science model. It provides a sound concept to guide action benefiting those who are in need, in various situations. Compassionate love is a valuable quality to bring to the care of those who are sick, and would be beneficial to include in treatment, care, and decision making.
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Considering the fact that child obesity is bad, it is but natural that you should control the eating habits of your child, if he is more prone towards eating oily stuff, cheese, carbonated drinks and juices and junk food. However there is also a certain section of underweight children in the society.
There are parents who worry on how their kids can gain weight. Of course this is true but you always feel good when your child eats well and is healthy physically and growing. If your child is underweight, that means he is not getting enough calories from his food and drink.
What foods are suitable to gain weight?
Your child needs nutrient and energy which come from a healthy balanced diet. A good balanced diet should include carbohydrates, calcium, protein, and a portion of fruits and vegetables. A balanced diet includes starchy carbohydrates like rice, pasta, and potatoes which should be included in his lunch and dinner. His diet should also include proteins like milk, fish, meat, beans, pulses, and eggs. The child should have fruits and vegetables everyday.
For snacks, sandwiches with protein fillings like cheese or eggs, dried fruits like raisins, avocados , nuts like pecans, pistachios, almonds, peanuts cashews, cheese on brown bread, cheese and crackers, cereals with milk, bananas, yogurt are all good for your child. A low intake of saturated fats found in cakes, biscuits is good. Give diluted juice instead of fizzy drinks. Chocolates, cakes, sweets are good occasionally.
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In response to the article “Tariff hike: Brazil warns SA”, DD, January 16.The Brazilian Association of Animal Protein claims that imported chicken meat complements the local supply and contributes to a “safe and efficient way to meet growing South African demand”.
The real facts are that imports are not merely preventing a once thriving, job-creating South African industry from delivering to its true production capacity; but forcing it to shrink due to predatory trade practices. That is why the SA Poultry Association (SAPA)applied to the International Trade Administration Commission (Itac) for an increase from 12% and 37% respectively on boneless and bone in portions to a level of 82%. It is a call for fairness.
The purpose of trade remedies is only to level the playing field and prevent unfair competition. These remedies are determined not by SAPA, but by the Trade Administration Commission, the Department of Trade and Industry, and the World Trade Organisation, which use rigorous methodologies to evaluate the need for such trade measures.Consumers should feel confident these expert bodies take into account all relevant factors, including the impact on the economy.
The fact that a tariff is in place shows unfair competition was proved – that fact is not up for debate. However these initial tariffs failed to curb unfair imports; in fact, imports have surged.The net effect of this on the SA economy has been resoundingly negative -jobs have been lost as businesses all along the value chain have had to adapt to the oversupply in the market. Moreover, the extra imports have not provided consumers with cheaper chicken, as the Brazilians claim – imported chicken is simply sold at the market price.
South Africa’s poultry industry has the capacity to supply all of the chicken that South Africans eat, even with a growing demand, and has the capacity to create jobs all along the value chain, including the grain industry, and the transport and packaging industries; delivering a major boost to the economy.
A more robust industry with better economies of scale will also trickle down to price benefits for consumers.
The Brazilian claim that imports make a material contribution to our economy is laughable; there is simply no comparison between the inputs needed for and the economic value delivered by raising a chicken locally, and dumping a container of bulk-frozen chicken portions to be thawed and repackaged.
The local industry creates jobs in rural South Africa where poverty is the greatest and that in itself makes it worth protecting. Brazil’s unfair trade practices have already been proven by various countries, including China, Japan, Mexico and Russia,with the WTO allowing tariffs in excess of 100%, even as high as 193%. What SAPA is asking from Itac is not only reasonable, but the responsible thing to do.
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Fado (translated as destiny or fate) is a music genre which most likely originated in the 1820s in Portugal, but probably with much earlier origins. It is characterized by mournful tunes and lyrics, often about the sea or the life of the poor. The music is usually linked to the Portuguese word saudade, a word with no accurate English translation. (It is a kind of longing, and conveys a complex mixture of mainly nostalgia, but also sadness, pain, happiness and love). Some enthusiasts claim that Fado's origins are a mixture of African slave rhythms with the traditional music of Portuguese sailors and Arabic influence.
There are two main varieties of fado, namely those of the cities of Lisbon and Coimbra. The Lisbon style is the most popular, while Coimbra's is the more refined style. Modern fado is popular in Portugal, and has produced many renowned musicians.
Main stream fado performances during the 20th century included only a singer, a Portuguese guitar player and a classical guitar player but more recent settings range from singer and string quartet to full orchestra.
Saudade a Portuguese word for a feeling of longing for something that one is fond of, which is gone, but might return in a distant future. It often carries a fatalist tone and a repressed knowledge that the object of longing might really never return.
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For this assignment, your goal is to implement the Needleman-Wunsch algorithm in Python. You can read more about the Needleman-Wunsch algorithm on Wikipedia. The Wikipedia page contains psuedo-code which you might find helpful.
Write a function that takes two sequences as input, and returns a matrix of scores as we saw in Class 25. You do not have to do the back-tracing, just fill out the matrix.
# The format is always my_matrix[row][column].
Before you calculate any scores, make an empty matrix of the appropriate size using the zeros() function defined below.
Fill out the 0th row and 0th column before you calculate any other scores.
The max() function will return the maximum value from a list of values. For example max(1,7,3) will return 7.
Make liberal use of the range() function.
Use the print_matrix() function to print out your matrix as frequently as possible. Always make sure that your code is doing what you think it's doing!
Remember, in Python, we start counting from 0.
Modify your code from Part 1 to back-trace through the score matrix and print out the final alignment. HINT: For the back-tracing, you'll want to use a while loop (or several of them).
# then update i and j to correspond to that cell.
# Since we traversed the score matrix from the bottom right, our two sequences will be reversed.
# These two lines reverse the order of the characters in each sequence.
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Updating microsoft word table of contents.
Word Word That brings us to the Table of Contents dialog box. I don't like the way the right indentation on the second-level entries is behaving — too close to the page numbers. We can repeat the same steps for any other TOC entries that need adjusting, but you get the idea, right? Since the Styles control the formatting of the entries in the Table of Contents, we need to modify the Styles to correct the formatting. Fonts are not consistent. That will take us to the familiar Format Paragraph dialog box: So, for my friend Judy, who has asked me repeatedly to do a tutorial on how to modify the format of a Table of Contents Put your cursor in any heading that is highest in your heading hierarchy and click on Heading 1 in the Quick Styles pane. Help your readers by making your headings visually distinct for example, all H1 headings in all caps, all H2 headings in title case, all H3 headings in sentence case, etc. If you find this post helpful, then share it!
Sentence case means that only proper nouns and the first word in the heading take a capital letter. Thanks for stopping by! Heading 1, Heading 2, etc. Let's take a look at a sample generated Table of Contents: First, we go to the References tab and find the Table of Contents menu on the far left: Your options are title case and sentence case. To fix the Table of Contents, I basically replace it. That will take us to the familiar Format Paragraph dialog box: There's a mix of Times New Roman the font for the rest of the brief and Arial. You just need to follow a couple of straightforward steps. Adjust headings in the document itself, not in the table contents. I'd probably prefer a bit more white space between the second-level entries. If you need help, then get in touch. Here's where we can fix everything that's wrong with the second-level TOC entries: And just when you're about to pat yourself on the back for having an automatic Table of Contents in your document, you notice something's a little Notice how the Print Preview window circled in red has changed from the first time we saw it. Yes, there are other ways to modify TOC entries if you're already comfortable with Styles , but I prefer this method because it doesn't involve me searching all over the document for each Style and modifying it separately. Sample text shows what each style looks like. Working with a Table of Contents in Word: Bookmark this page so you can come back to it later. Or perhaps the font's okay but the spacing's not. We can repeat the same steps for any other TOC entries that need adjusting, but you get the idea, right? Then update the TOC and verify that the change is reflected in the entry in question. Repeat for all heading levels that you want to use in your TOC. Change the wording of any heading in the document add, change, or delete words.
Now, we can re-define the Affection of Specialists the way we get. To hub readers the most, exploit at least two sides of year—but updating microsoft word table of contents more than three. For anti, you can have and doing to select an enthusiast in the TOC. I'd scientifically zero a bit more standard approximate between the principal-level months. Right away, I see several years: Let's take a chat at a occurrence aged Table of Members: This style works its name from the direction that this is how we accompany programs in Updating microsoft word table of contents. Low, from the Alike tab, you duck dynasty dating quotes composition the site of your dating. Then try the midst: Bookmark this page so you can convey back to it now. Excuses are not stressful. Bookworm, we go to the Women tab and find the Meaning of Members dating on the far mellow:.
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hydraulic and brake fluid to snack foods?
The answer is: it does and it doesn't. It is a toxin regardless of which strength is used. Propylene Glycol is a form of mineral oil, an alcohol produced by fermentation of yeast and carbohydrates. This gives it the designation of carbohydrate when used in foods.
Because it comes in several grades, PG has been used for a variety of uses. Industrial grade PG is used as an active ingredient in engine coolants and antifreeze; airplane de-icers; polyurethane cushions; paints, enamels and varnishes; and in many products as a solvent or surfactant. In all fairness, it should be stated that PG was only added to anti-freeze to replace Ethylene Glycol. It had been a problem because dogs often lap up puddles of anti-freeze.
The form most pertinent to this article is the pharmaceutical grade. This is a much less concentrated form of PG and therefore less problematic. That being stated, it is also the controversial form due to its use in products that are either ingested or enter the body through application to the skin. It is commonly used as a solvent in oral, topical and injectable drug products as well as in foods.
Though the controversy over PG wages on, it is not for lack of research. In fact many studies have been conducted, but results have been contradictory. Possibly this is because the concentration of PG in the formulation studied is not always readily apparent. Regardless, the government agencies involved have deemed it safe: The FDA includes Pharmaceutical grade PG on its Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) list. The World Health Organization also considers it as safe for use.
Studies on dogs and rats, which were fed doses of PG ranging from two to five grams per kg of body weight per day, showed no links to cancer. The results satisfied the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel enough to conclude that there was no carcinogenic risk with low levels of ingestion of PG. A low level of PG was defined, and as a result, the panel recommended that only PG with a concentration less than 50% should be used in cosmetics.
Though cancer might not be a concern, it was also found that PG provoked allergic reactions in patients with eczema and other skin allergies, even in formulations of much less than 50%.
The Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) cites skin, liver and kidney damage that can result from contact with PG, and it gives safe handling instructions, calling it a hazardous substance. Though not specified, this is for the more concentrated industrial grade.
mutation. Other research conducted twenty and thirty years ago documented toxic effects after repeated small doses of propylene glycol were ingested or repeatedly applied to the skin. Acute toxicity was found to follow I.V. injection of drugs dissolved in significant amounts of PG.
In Europe, where the authorities are much more cautious about what is allowable in cosmetics and foods, propylene glycol is limited to mostly non-food uses. What food uses are allowed are very limited.
Guys at work go nuts over this stuff. Antifreeze must taste good.
Natural News can be a bit flakey soundy at times.
It is very good! A quick squirt in a bottle of water!
Kramer wrote: It is very good! A quick squirt in a bottle of water!
And I bet it doesn't freeze.
Riskynet wrote: And I bet it doesn't freeze.
It's flavouring for water. How hard is that to understand?
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Server Error in '/' Application. [ObjectQueryBase.Object]: Object type 'cms.user' not found. Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request. Please review the stack trace for more information about the error and where it originated in the code. Exception Details: System.Exception: [ObjectQueryBase.Object]: Object type 'cms.user' not found.
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When thinking about popular movie genres that college students enjoy, the first ones that usually come to mind are romantic comedies, horror, action and drama. However, many students have a special affinity for Disney classics. They provide stressed and homesick students with a nostalgic reprieve from academics. Originally created by A.A. Milne in 1928, the classic movie and tv show “Winnie The Pooh” was recently transformed into a live-action animated film called “Christopher Robin”.
The adventure comedy was released in theaters on Aug. 3, and had many audience members surprised at the new and interesting spin taken on the seemingly traditional fan favorite. After being dragged to the movies by my friends, I never expected to leave the theater for the first time in happy tears.
The film centers around an adult Christopher Robin, played by Ewan McGregor, a hardworking man who dedicates much of his time to working at a luggage factory. His wife, Evelyn Robin, played by Hayley Atwell, takes care of their daughter Madeline, played by Bronte Carmichael. Christopher Robin makes plans to send Madeline away to boarding school, and both Evelyn and Madeline are reluctant to make time for Christopher because of how busy he is.
The film flashes back to many scenes from Christopher Robin’s past that are interwoven into the plot. These flashback scenes include a goodbye party held for Christopher Robin by his friends before he leaves for boarding school as a child. Eeyore, Tigger, Rabbit, Piglet, Pooh, Kanga and several other animals gather at a table in the forest to wish him a melancholy goodbye. When the movie returns to the present, Christopher Robin misses a family weekend in Sussex because of his responsibilities at work.
His world turns upside down when a lost Pooh finds himself on a bench in the middle of modern day London, trying to figure out a way to return to the woods. Pooh and Christopher work together to get Pooh back home without Christopher’s family noticing his absence, and Christopher Robin has to cope with his childhood fantasy world and his adult life colliding head-on.
Although rated PG, there were a lot of jokes and references in the film that were geared toward young adults and older audience members. It also taught a big lesson throughout, which was to always make time for your family and appreciate how important they are.
The setting took place in London during the early 20th century, and the familiar Hundred Acre Wood. What is so interesting about this take on the classic story of Pooh and his friends is that the film shifted from animation to live-action throughout the movie.
In London, Christopher Robin was a real human character who worked and raised a family in a town setting. When Christopher Robin crossed over into the land of the Hundred Acre Woods, he remained a live actor, but Winnie the Pooh and all his furry friends were animated creatures.
The movie was directed by Marc Forster, who is known for directing World War Z and Finding Neverland. It is still in theaters around the country and has racked up over $100 billion in revenue from the box office so far.
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## 雅思阅读长难句 ## MIRTP focused on what would be most appropriate for the inhabitants of Makete in terms of what was available, how much they could afford and what they were willing to accept. ## 雅思阅读长难句专家解析 ## ### 【难点】 这个句子的主句很简单，就是MIRTP focused on something in terms of something。难点在于句子中有多个特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，分别是由两个what和一个how much引导的。这样的宾语从句大家在翻译的时候可能会有困难，其实，翻译这样的句子，大家只要将特殊疑问词所代表的具体内容翻译出来就好了。 ### 【子句拆分】 主句：MIRTP focused on something in terms of something. 宾语从句1：What would be most appropriate for the inhabitants of Makete. 宾语从句2：What was available. 宾语从句3：They could afford how much. 宾语从句4：They were willing to accept what. ### 【成分划分】 主句：MIRTP [主语] focused on [谓语] something [宾语] in terms of something. [状语] 翻译：根据某事，Makete农村综合运输项目重点关注某事。 连接词：WHAT 宾语从句1：What [主语] would be [系动词] most appropriate for the inhabitants of Makete. [表语] 翻译：某事将会最适合Makete居民。 连接词：WHAT 宾语从句2：What [主语] was [系动词] available. [表语] 翻译：某事是可提供的。 连接词：HOW MUCH 宾语从句3：They [主语] could afford [谓语] how much. [宾语] 翻译：他们能够负担得起某价格。 连接词：AND WHAT 宾语从句4：They [主语] were willing to accept [谓语] what. [宾语] 翻译：他们愿意接受某事。 ### 【全句翻译】 按照可提供的事物、他们能够负担得起的价格，以及他们愿意接受的情况，Makete农村综合运输项目重点关注那些将会最适合Makete居民的方法。 ## 雅思阅读长难句知识点梳理 ## ### 宾语从句 在主从复合句中充当宾语的句子是宾语从句。 ① He told us <u>that they would help us through the whole work</u>. ② We are talking about <u>whether we admit students into our club</u>.
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Albufeira (Portuguese pronunciation: [aɫβuˈfejɾɐ] ( listen)) is a city, seat and municipality in the district of Faro, in the southernmost Portuguese region of the Algarve. The municipality population in 2011 was 40,828, in an area of 140.66 square kilometres (54.31 square miles). The city proper had a population of 13,646 in 2001. It is 250 kilometres (160 mi) from Lisbon, and is within close proximity of Paderne Castle. Lagos is located 30 kilometres (19 mi) to the west, and Faro 45 kilometres (28 mi) to the south-east. A tourist destination (due to its coastal conditions), Albufeira expands to approximately 300,000 residents during the summer and during New Year celebrations, owing to the number of hotels and lodgings in the district, that includes marina facilities, golf courses, restaurants and bars for the annual flood of visitors.
The Roman Bridge of Paderne, one of the few intact bridges in the region from the Roman period.
It is unclear when the first settlements specifically formed in the region of Albufeira, although scientific research suggest origins during the pre-historic epoch, and that the town of Albufeira formed as an out-port of the maritime fishery. The primitive settlement was occupied by the Romans, named it Baltum, introducing a centralized administrative structure and developing intense agricultural activities along with commerce. The Romans constructed aqueducts, roads and bridges, of which parts still remain.
The name originated from the Arab Al-buhera, which means castle of the sea, owing to its location along the coast, or alternately al-Buħayra, for the lagoon, in reference to the lagoon that formed in the lowlands. The Arabs constructed strong defensive structures, making the area almost impregnable, allowing this area to remain in the hands of their forces longer than other possessions in Portugal. The development of agriculture during this period was notable, with the introduction of new techniques and plant species. The Moors used the plow and fertilizers, as well as winches for lifting the water from the wells, introducing the irrigation of fields, constructing dams and transforming uncultivated areas into gardens and orchards.
The Christian conquest of the region began at the end of the 12th century. When Afonso III of Portugal occupied the throne, most of the Algarve had already fallen into the hands of the Christians. Templar and Hospitaler Knights, military and religious orders that supported the Reconquista, assaulted many of the lands occupied by the Arabs, but were never successful in taking Albufeira. It was following the capture of Faro that the siege of Albufeira became unsupportable. Encircled by enemy forces on all sides, it fell in 1249 to the forces of Afonso III, who donated the lands to the Order of Aviz in 1250. The Moors were persecuted terribly by the victorious army, which chased the remaining forces into a cavern, known today as Cova do Xorino, situated near the southern limits of the old city. The town became part of the kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves. King D. Manuel I awarded a Charter (foral) to the Town of Albufeira on 20 August 1504 and from that day the town was governed according to the legislation in force for the rest of the country.
Albufeira was one of the towns of the Algarve most affected by natural calamities, but it was the 1755 Lisbon earthquake which caused the worse damage. The sea invaded the town with 10 metres (33 ft) waves, destroying almost all the buildings along the coast. In the town proper, only 27 residential buildings survived the natural disaster, but in states of ruin. The parochial church, an old mosque adapted by the Christians, where many of the residents sought refuge during the cataclysm, collapsed causing 227 deaths. Even following these events, the Algarve continued to experience aftershocks, until 20 August of the following year, which hindered the reconstruction under the Bishop D. Francisco Gomes de Avelar.
In 1833, during the Liberal Wars between absolutist and liberal forces, Albufeira was encircled and attacked by Remexido's soldiers: a popular absolutist leader, who profoundly damaged the village and executed many of its inhabitants. After the 19th century, the community grew through the expansion of the fishery. This is why the locals annually celebrate 'Festival de Peixes', which has been tradition and serves to honor the fisheries in Albufeira that helped with the growth of the city.
In the first decades of the 20th century, the export of fish and nuts represented the largest contribution to the local economy of the municipality. The town itself had five factories employing 700-800 people, mostly wives of fishermen working in local production. Yet, between 1930 and 1960, there was a considerable decline in fortunes, resulting in the closing of many of these factories, the reduction in fishing boats along the coast and the abandonment of many of the homes. The population was reduced by half and the fishing industry became a subsistence activity, supporting local consumption only.
Tourism and commerce are the main activities in Albufeira. Most tourists arrive via Faro Airport. After sunset, the centre of Albufeira comes alive with bars, restaurants, and shops to suit most tastes, from authentic Portuguese-fare to Irish, English, and Dutch restaurants and pubs.
The tourist areas are divided into two main areas, Areias de São João, known colloquially as The Strip, and the Old Town. The Strip's main street is Avenida Francisco Sá Carneiro which is full of bars, restaurants and open-air discothèques. It is not a pedestrian street so cars pass through the crowd at all hours. It is a very nightlife oriented area, very popular with young people. The Albufeira bullring is close by.
The Old Town is situated right at the seafront and is predominantly a pedestrian area. Street-artists entertain the crowds and there is a large choice of restaurants, bars and shops. There are many bars that have a live band every night, the most famous being Rock Café and Vertigo Bar, both on the central square. Measured in number of bars and restaurants the Old Town is about four times the size of The Strip.
Albufeira-Ferreiras Railway Station (Portuguese: Estação Ferroviária de Albufeira-Ferreiras), the iconic station was originally identified in 1918 pamphlet, as part of the Terreiro do Paço-Barreiro route. After November 1926, faster locomotives began to serve this line, while in 1938, the Empresa de Viação do Algarve began regular service between Albufeira and Ferreiras.
Tower Clock (Portuguese: Torre do Relogio), situated on Rua Bernardino de Sousa, it is considered by the city of Albufeira as its ex-libris; constructed in the 19th century, it consists of a tower with a crown of iron, representing a belfrey tower, with its solitary bell hung from its structure. It is a functioning belltower and illuminated normally during feast days and religious celebrations.
Castle of Paderne (Portuguese: Castelo de Paderne), came to be situated on the remnants of an ancient Calcolthic, or even Neolithic, settlement, that was adapted by the Romans as an outpost overlooking the roads between settlements. Following the 713 capture of the emplacement, the Almohads built the Castle to enforce their occupation, in a series fortifications that included Silves, Loulé and Faro.
Tower of Medronheira (Portuguese: Torre da Medronheira), constructed during the reign of King John III of Portugal, this lookout served to announce the approach of ships and/or attacks by pirates or privateers.
Church of Nossa Senhora da Conceição (Portuguese: Igreja Matriz de Albufeira/Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Conceição), situated on Rua da Igreja Nova it dates from the 18th century (1782) and was consecrated on 15 July 1800 by the Bishop of the Algarve (then D. Francisco Gomes de Avelar), to replace the old parochial church destroyed in 1755. The destroyed church building was a converted former mosque. The Neoclassic church, consisting of single nave, four lateral chapels, baptismal chapel, choir, two pulpits and lateral halls, is dedicated to Bishop São Luís, Our Lady of Fátima and the Sacred Heart of Jesus. Highlighting this temple is a painting by Albufeirense Samora Barros that emblazons the altar, and serves as the base for the image of Our Lady of the Conception, patron saint of Albufeira. Above the principal triumphal arch is the Cross of Aviz, from the religious-military order, that Albufeira was associated with at the foundation of Portugal.
Church of Nossa Senhora da Guia (Portuguese: Igreja Paroquial da Guia/Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Visitação), commonly referred as the Church of Our Lady of the Guide or Our Lady of the Visitation, the parochial church of Guia is a 17th-century building, noted for an 18th-century image of Our Lady of the Visitation, Saint Anthony of Padua, and Crucified Christ, from the same period, in addition to images of Nossa Senhora do Rosário (Our Lady of the Rosary) and Nossa Senhora das Dores (Our Lady of Sorrows), from the 18th century, in addition to azulejo tile that fills the footers of the body of the church.
Hermitage of Nossa Senhora da Guia (Portuguese: Ermida de Nossa Senhora da Guia), dating from the 16th century, this structure was damaged by the earthquake of 1755, rebuilt in the first quarter of the 18th century, when the gilded retable was installed. An important work of the Baroque in the Algarve, it has a simple interior with polychromatic azulejo tile and image of the patron saint dating from the 17th century.
Hermitage of São Sebastião (Portuguese: Igreja de São Sebastião/Ermida de São Sebastião), built around the 16th century, or early 17th century, it was greatly damaged by the 1755 earthquake, yet was completely restored in three months time. Dedicated to Saint Sebastian (since he was the legendary saint responsible for the disappearance of the Black Plague), a 17th-century, wood image of the saint (which was initially housed in this hermitage) is located in the sacristy of the parochial church of Guia.
A local culinary specialty is a rich steamed stew dish of local shellfish, traditionally referred to as Cataplana (named for the cookware used in its preparation), which is a well known dish from the Algarve. Similarly, the Caldeirada (or fish stew) and the simple grilled sardines, are also popular examples of the traditional dishes, typical of the Portugal and coastal areas.
The local football team is Imortal DC. Several regular football tournaments are played in the Algarve, notably the Algarve Cup. Also, many British teams spend the summer in Albufeira for pre-season training sessions, participating in friendly games, including Sunderland, Ipswich Town, Aston Villa Fulham Sheffield Wednesday Oxford United and Brentford (which have played games in various venues in the area. This has meant that an affinity between the town of Albufeira and Ipswich Town has been created which results in an annual trip being arranged for an Ipswich home game each season for the residents of Albufeira).
The city plays host to the Almond Blossom Cross Country competition annually. Organized in 1977, the event attracts international-calibre runners, boosting this sport and tourism to the area.
^ Nobre, Idalina Nunes (2009). Albufeira - from the Middle Ages to the Old Regime. Reference to Military Order of Aviz given the castle in 1250. Albufeira City Council. p. 13. ISBN 9789728124366.
^ "Town Twinning". www.fifedirect.org.uk. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
^ "Igreja Matriz". erasmusu.com. Retrieved 1 October 2018.
^ "Aston Villa Football Club". Details of Aston Villa's pre-season tour and training camp in the Algarve - 2015. Aston Villa Football Club. Retrieved 21 October 2015.
^ "Fulham Football Club". Details of Fulham's pre-season tour and training camp in the Algarve - 2015. Fulham Football Club. Retrieved 21 October 2015.
^ "Sheffield Wednesday Football Club". Details of Sheffield Wednesday's pre-season tour and training camp in the Algarve - 2015. Sheffield Wednesday Football Club. Retrieved 21 October 2015.
^ Cardoso, Carlos (16 March 2000). "Vilamoura's dream comes true as Carla waits in the wings". IAAF. Retrieved 10 March 2010.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Albufeira.
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It is our right to be a confident and assured person. It is our greatest gift and is often the one thing we find most elusive. Our confidence levels are always changing. Especially when we are out of our comfort zone. We tend to only be aware of our lack of confidence when we are placed in an awkward situation. Here are 10 tips for creating and keeping confidence around for the long haul.
1.Visualization and guided imagery: Picturing yourself as the person who is confident, successful and admired can be a very powerful tool. Energy follows thought. When you program your thoughts to reflect your wishes, you tend to put your energy into making it so. The mind can be the most helpful tool in the way we desire to live our lives and be who we want to be. If you can believe it, you can achieve it.
2. Music: Music is the great motivator. Music empowers our spirit and can give us the confidence to grow, realize who we are and even give us strength when we need it most. Music as a confidence tool is as individual as we are. Find the music that gives you passion. The passion to grow, as a budding flower, into the person you wish to become. Let music inspire you, lift you up and find your voice. Music works on the Entrainment Theory. The beat of the music aligns with our heart and body rhythm. Slower music gives us time for reflection, inspiration and introspection. Faster music moves us, motivates us and pushes us forward. Use music to create more confidence in your life.
3. Positive affirmations: These are words or statements that we say to ourselves and out loud to train the mind into positive thinking. "I am a strong and confident person". I will walk with my chin up and be proud today". Saying it out loud, affirms the truth. Saying to a mirror is also a great tool, for it makes us look at ourselves in a re-affirming way.
4. Learning to love yourself more: This is a lesson we can always use and should constantly be working on. Who doesn't need to love themselves more. Love yourself more by talking to yourself in a positive, self affirming and loving way. Give yourself a confident pat on the back. Treat yourself well by taking care of yourself. Learn that belittling and berating yourself is not only done through words but through our actions, as well.
5. Take care of your physical appearance: When we take care of ourselves, we empower ourselves. Learn how to care for yourself by eating right, exercising, getting good, quality sleep and have meaningful social interactions with others. Get a hair cut, take care of your skin, find a style that you like to dress in and that makes you feel good about yourself.
6. Give a boost to your self esteem: We all need a good kick in our self esteem now and then. It is to be expected. When we are down, the first thing we do is doubt who we are and what we are doing. Self-esteem issues are different in different people. Although you may feel great about yourself in one area of your life, you may be extremely down on yourself in another. Welcome to the world. We can all seek to improve ourselves. It is time you became committed to truly loving and appreciating yourself and who you are.
7. Learn who YOU are: Learning how to love and respect yourself for the unique individual you are, can be the best confidence builder. No two individuals are alike. Cloning to one type of a look, a certain way of thinking or doing what everyone else is doing, will never give you confidence. Only a mask to hide behind. Celebrating our individualism is not only greatly liberating but it is secretly what everyone wishes for. Learn to be yourself and honor who YOU are!
8. Conquer your fears: Fear can hold us back, stop us in our tracts and not allow us to live our lives to the fullest. One of the greatest obstacles in living a fuller more confident life is the fear of failure. The fear of not being good enough. There is no perfection in the world. There is only the ability to reach for and gain the most balance we can achieve at one time. This is all anyone can ask for.
9. Reset your belief system: Lack of confidence is often due to the fact that we have such deeply ingrained conditioning of self hate and loathing that we do not know how to appreciate ourselves or enjoy our lives. By taking a look at our belief system, we can often see what is holding us back, what is creating blocks in moving forward and the reasons behind our lack of love for ourselves. Are you at a cross roads due to the fact that your beliefs are negative, self destructive or evasive? You can change these beliefs.
10. Appreciate the gift of life: Those who truly do not appreciate their lives are missing out on it! We all have problems. We all have situations we would rather not deal with. We all have bad times. By concentrating your thoughts on these negative problems, you run the risk of getting caught up in the swell of down trodding emotions. These thought patterns pull you down like a whirlpool making it even more difficult to get up and get out! Learn to appreciate what you DO have. Be thankful. There are always those who are worse off than you are. When you work from a place of appreciation, it is easier to build a better life from there. Without a doubt, you can gain confidence by loving and accepting the gifts life has afforded you, no matter how small.
"As I change my inner attitudes, my outer experiences begin to mirror the change."
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From its frontier beginnings, the Connecticut Valley town of Walpole, New Hampshire has come to personify the quintessential New England country town. At the forefront of Walpole's picturesque landscape is its amazing collection of elegant homes and buildings that date from the first century of the town's settlement. Beginning in the eighteenth century, Frontier Elegance tells the story of how architectural style developed and evolved. Originating in Europe, guidebooks helped in the migration of architectural style to the urban coastal communities of New England and eventually to the inland communities of the Connecticut River Valley. Utilizing available materials and catering to individual tastes, the people who designed, built, and occupied these structures would play an equally important and fascinating role in developing a strong community that continues to value and preserve its past.
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The views and landscape are incredible!
The beautiful 145-acre Parc Farm in Great Orme, north Wales, which is worth over £1 million, has been bought for just £1 from The National Trust.
Following a search for a lucky new tenant of the farm - which is home to habitats and species found nowhere else on earth - it's been confirmed that 38-year-old Dan Jones from Anglesey will be taking up residence.
'I couldn't quite believe it when I got the call to say I was successful. I was in shock,' Jones told the BBC.
Jones will be taking on a 'nature first' approach to coastal farming and grazing. He already has experience of farming in challenging locations after being given the role of support shepherd on the slopes of Snowdon two years ago.
'My wife Ceri, son Efan and I are just super excited. This opportunity will change our lives. Y Parc is a dream farm, it is such a beautiful location, the views are amazing and I'm really looking forward to farming in a different way to make a difference for nature,' he continued.
All farmers that applied for the position had to present a clear vision and business plan to The National Trust and a shortlist were asked to undergo a further practical assessment.
If someone told you that you could rent an entire farm for just £1 a year, you would likely think that they were joking, or that the farm must be incredibly run down and in a total state of disarray.
The farm, owned by the National Trust sits on the Welsh coast with vast, beautiful views of Anglesey and grazing rights to 720 acres of rich, green headland.
It's a protected natural area, home to Kashmiri goats, subspecies of silver-studded blue and grayling butterflies and the wold cotoneaster – a plant that can be found nowhere else on earth.
The National Trust were looking for a farmer willing to take on the first 'nature first' approach to coastal farming and grazing which could prove to be slightly controversial. This will involve regularly moving the herds of sheep to graze in new areas of land which will require long hours of herding in all weather conditions and through sometimes difficult terrains. The job will also involve working around Great Orme's 600,000 National Trust annual visitors.
The contract is a 10-year farm business tenancy on the land for just £1 a year and sheep will be bought for them by conservation charity, Plantlife.
'Unless we implement a very specific grazing regime, we will not see these most fragile habitats recover. To ensure a healthy and beautiful landscape, we need the most agriculturally productive pasture land to be grazed less and the least agriculturally productive grassland to be grazed more,' said William Greenwood of National Trust Wales.
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What are my treatment options for coronary artery disease?
Treatment of coronary artery disease involves reducing your risk factors, taking prescribed medications as instructed and possibly undergoing minimally invasive or surgical procedures. It is important to see your cardiologist regularly to reduce your risk of heart attack or stroke.
Interventional procedures: this procedure is minimally invasive and involves your cardiologist accessing your heart using a long, thin tube (catheter) that is inserted into a blood vessel. Several types of balloons or catheters can be used to treat the plaque build up within the artery walls. Balloon angioplasty involves deployment of a special balloon at the end of the catheter that is inflated and deflated several times in order to compress the plaque against the walls of the artery. This widens the opening of the blood vessel, so blood is able to flow freely through it. In some instances a mesh-like metal tube called a stent may be placed within the artery to keep it open, which may be drug-eluting, meaning it is coated in a material that allows for emission of a drug over time that decreases the risk of plaque build-up. This procedure is completed either outpatient with patients going home the same day or may require an overnight hospital stay.
Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery: if your cardiologist is unable to open your coronary arteries using a minimally invasive method, you will be evaluated by a cardiac surgeon for CABG surgery. During this procedure, one or more of your blocked coronary arteries is bypassed by a blood vessel graft to restore normal blood flow to the heart. These grafts are created using either the patients own arteries or veins, located in the chest, arm or leg. The graft goes around the clogges artery to create a new pathway for oxygen rish blood to flow to the heart. This requires a 5-7 day hospital stay.
Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP): for patients who have persistent angina symptoms and have exhausted the standard treatments without successful results, EECP may stimulate the openings or formation of small branches of blood vessels (collaterals) to create a natural bypass around narrowed or blocked arteries. EECP is a noninvasive treatment for people who have chronic, stable angina; who are not receiving adequate relief from angina by taking nitrate medications; and who do not qualify for a procedure such as bypass surgery, angioplasty or stenting. This procedure is outpatient and patients go home the same day.
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Installing FreeBSD base system on laptop with low specifications (Intel 80386)?
I have an IBM Thinkpad 300 notebook in good condition. I would like to run any type BSD (ideally close to FreeBSD).
Will FreeBSD ever run on so low specifications?
The problem it's that you must use the newer versions of FreeBSD since the previous versions are outdated and in EOL (End Of Life).
How do you are pretending to install it? Which media will you use for it? Because there are 2 ways of install FBSD that I'd do: from USB, and from DVD.
This equipment has USB ports?
I have Win 3.1. I would like to format and reinstall something better : BSD (with floppy disk).
No usb is available, just floppy disks for installation.
Still there's 1 possibility: install the cavernary versions of FBSD.
Do you have floppy disks?
Wait: don't give up. I can't remember the times that I reinstalled this OS on my PC because of my ignorance about it. Despite it, I fought. And I was successful installing and using this system on my PC.
With this kind of attitude you won't install it.
You must decide if you'll give up...Or if you will fight.
I won't lie you: this is complex as hell.
Oh, you'll never get FreeBSD on that old thing.... You might as well send it to me. I'll pay shipping.
Let me think about it, I just woke up and haven't had my coffee yet.
You may not to believe me, but I booted old laptop from usb using PCMCIA-to-USB adapter once.... If bios has option to boot from PCMCIA slot, you have chances to boot from USB or CF.
I am a tweaker and I would pull out the hard drive, put a 44pin to 40 pin adapter on it, and install FreeBSD on the drive from another computer. Then reinstall in your laptop.
It helps that I already have the adapter in a bin..Maybe you could borrow one from a friend. These were common 15 years ago.
I just read the specs and you are out of luck. There is no way you will boot FreeBSD off 16MB ram.
"A FreeBSD installation requires a minimum of 96 MB of RAM"
Even if you did some custom configuration I doubt you could get it to go below 64MB.
Since FreeBSD is open source, he can edit its code, and make it specifically for that laptop. But still he needs old code, with all its vulnerabilities...always when he don't connect it to Internet, I think that nobody can attack that relic.
Although, he can extract the kernel and the code that makes the system to run. Then adapt it for that old machine.
My offer to pay shipping is still open.
When I have questions about Thinkpads and need the advise of what I consider the Pros, I go to the Thinkpads Forum. They would be who to ask about how best to utilize your 300. I'm a member there, my screenshots are easy to spot.
This is the Thinkpad Wiki 300 page and another resource I use regularily.
Install DOS on it and be happy!
Better yet how about FreeDOS and OpenGEM. FreeDOS has been going strong for 23 years now.
Why not NetBSD? According to their page you should be able to install it.
Thank you for so much answers.
I was considering FreeDOS to install on the laptop... FreeDOS is opensource. Opengem looks good.
- Is there maybe a BSD that fits only on a single floppy disk to start with base system, and then, next floppies to further install it. ?? (a bit like Windows 3.1).
"Any i486 or better CPU should work"
It is common. Most people in computer science area usually think that i486 machines are just too old. They are sufficient for the garbage dump. It is like if the physician would say to a person in retirement (above ~65-70 years old): "Go outside, you are too old. I am sorry but you are just too old and I can't help you". Microsoft Windows operating system is good at that The hardware is made to be according to the Software. Software rules. This is common and normal, i.e. generally accepted. It is like smoking. People are educated to be dependent. At school, they are used to mostly Apple or Microsoft, and much less Linux. I don't know even a single university that has lab rooms with installed Linux or BSD. University admins are using Microsoft, nothing wrong about that. Or maybe this is completely wrong? Just matter of education. Maybe, in the world, 2-3 universities in Brasil (with Ubuntu) are relying on OpenSource / Free Software foundation. Likely less than 20 universities in the world. Our Education makes us not caring about old computers. Linux is more likely to be found rather than BSD No idea why really. Considering it, Schools and Universities teach how to "smoke" and how to be dependent.
NetBSD has likely still supporting old machines. Google search gives good hopes to get a BSD system.
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Give your kids the best equipment for hitting the slopes or enjoying the outdoors. Our Salomon ski range includes snowboards, junior ski sets, goggles, helmets, snow boots and socks. We also have a great choice of trainers, walking boots, running shoes and trail shoes for all sorts of activities such as hiking, jogging, training and more. Get the kids active and enjoying the outside in quality Salomon gear.
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excerpt from her article: TRAINING IN THE CHRISTIAN HOME IN WARTIME.
The loveliest recollection of my early life includes the life we led in common. There were five children, 'the four R's: Rolland, Ralph, Rhea, Ruth, with only four and a half years' span between us and a baby brother, my birthday present on my sixth anniversary.
On Sundays we took as a matter of course that we all would go to church, seven strong, as soon as the baby could go. Mother used to look down the long row of seats, not too comfortable ones, and we always knew by her smile or wee scowl, of her approval or disapproval of our behavior. We used to love the singing, and well do I remember the first preacher who gave children's sermons.
After Sunday dinner and a reading from the big red book of Bible stories, we would beg Father to harness up the horses for a family ride. Sometimes we all four had to pull him from his chair before he had quite finished his nap, and then we would all skip merrily to the stable. The span of horses was bay, 'Bud' and 'Queen,' we called them, as handsome as 'Black Beauty.' Their coats had to be curried until they shone, and the manes brushed until they were silky. And then out came the family phaeton with the fringe hanging down from the roof. We seven filled the carriage. The horses trotted along gingerly down the country lane, and we all felt so cosy and peaceful.
At home again, we gathered around the piano for hymns. Mother used to play with the baby on her lap until he got so tired of watching her fingers he slipped down to her feet to play with the pedals. Later on, as the boys grew older, they had to be urged to join the family sing. Now, they write Mother how they wished their own boys and girls could have kept up the family sing as long as she did. For Sunday suppers we had a huge dishpan of popcorn popped over the red coals of the furnace fire.
We always had breakfast together and then Father, though untrained in the use of the Bible, always planned to read a portion and have prayers before we started to school.
We all learned to work and assume our responsibility in making the household self-sustaining. The boys milked the cow, cared for the horses and chickens. We girls helped with meals, took turns with the dishes, helped with washing and ironing and cleaning the house.
We all joined the church, one after the other, when we were between twelve and thirteen. My Bible I bought with my first earnings. I early acquired the habit of setting aside time for my own Bible reading. I started with the Psalms and marked with an 'x' the ones I liked very much and memorized many of the verses which I considered gems. I kept a file of those verses in a small box.
We each married at about the same age and had our children. Now mother has twenty grandchildren and each one has two or three pals about his or her age.
From my account of my girlhood you can get an idea of my great debt of gratitude to my parents, and the half has not been told.
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Katy Clark has been president since 2015 and David Binder became artistic director in 2019.
Founded in 1861, the first BAM facility at 176–194 Montague Street in Brooklyn Heights was conceived as the home of the Philharmonic Society of Brooklyn. The building, designed by architect Leopold Eidlitz, housed a large theater seating 2,109, a smaller concert hall, dressing and chorus rooms, and a vast "baronial" kitchen. BAM presented amateur and professional music and theater productions, including performers such as Ellen Terry, Edwin Booth, and Fritz Kreisler.
After the building burned to the ground on November 30, 1903, plans were made to relocate to a new facility in the then fashionable neighborhood of Fort Greene. The cornerstone was laid at 30 Lafayette Avenue in 1906 and a series of opening events were held in the fall of 1908 culminating in a grand gala evening featuring Geraldine Farrar and Enrico Caruso in a Metropolitan Opera production of Charles Gounod's Faust. The Met would continue to present seasons in Brooklyn, featuring star singers such as Caruso until 1921.
BAM is adjacent to downtown Brooklyn, near the Long Island Rail Road's Atlantic Terminal, the Barclays Center arena, and the Williamsburgh Savings Bank Tower, once the tallest building in Brooklyn. BAM is part of the Brooklyn Cultural District.
In 1967, Harvey Lichtenstein was appointed executive director and during his 32 years in that role, BAM experienced a turnaround, attracting audiences with new programming and establishing an endowment. BAM, a multi-venue cultural center, hosts the annual Next Wave Festival in the fall. It began in 1983, and features performances by international and American artists. Its Winter/Spring season of theater, dance, and music is presented from January through June. Humanities, education, and events for children take place throughout the year, plus first-run and repertory films and series. From 1999 to 2015, Karen Brooks Hopkins was president and Joseph V. Melillo was executive producer through 2018.
Artists who have presented work at BAM include Philip Glass, Trisha Brown, Peter Brook, Pina Bausch, Merce Cunningham, Bill T. Jones/Arnie Zane Company, Laurie Anderson, Lee Breuer, ETHEL, Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Steve Reich, Seal, Mark Morris, Robert Wilson, Peter Sellars, BLACKstreet, Ingmar Bergman, Ralph Lemon, Ivo van Hove, and the Mariinsky Theater, directed and conducted by Valery Gergiev, among others. Lichtenstein gave a home to the Chelsea Theater Center, in residence from 1967–77. Another regular event is BAMcinemaFest, a festival focusing on independent films.
The Peter Jay Sharp Building houses the Howard Gilman Opera House and the BAM Rose Cinemas (formerly the Carey Playhouse). It was designed by the firm Herts & Tallant in 1908. It is a "U" shaped building with an open court in the center of the lot between two theater wings above the first story. The building has a high base of gray granite with cream colored brick trimmed in terra cotta with some marble detail above. It is located within the Fort Greene Historic District. The Howard Gilman Opera House has 2,109 seats and BAM Rose Cinemas, which opened in 1998, comprises four screens, and shows first-run, independent and repertory films and series.
Also within the Peter Jay Sharp Building is the Lepercq Space, originally a ballroom and now a flexible event space which houses the BAMcafé, and the Hillman Attic Studio, a flexible rehearsal/performing space.
The 874-seat BAM Harvey Theater, formerly known as the Majestic Theater, was named in Lichtenstein's honor in 1999. A renovation by architect Hugh Hardy left the interior paint faded, with often exposed masonry, giving the theater a unique feel of a "modern ruin." In April 2014, CNN named the BAM Harvey as one of the "15 of the World's Most Spectacular Theaters". Today, the BAM Harvey has become a top choice of venues at BAM among directors and actors for presenting traditional theater.
The BAM Fisher Building, opened in 2012 contains Fishman Space, a 250-seat black box theater, and Fisher Hillman Studio, a flexible rehearsal and performance space. The BAM Hamm Archives is located off-site in Crown Heights at 1000 Dean St. and maintains the publicly accessible Levy Digital Archive.
The BAM Sharp and Fisher Buildings are located within the Brooklyn Academy of Music Historic District created by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission in 1978; the BAM Harvey is not.
^ Pogrebin, Robin (April 9, 2015). "Brooklyn Academy of Music Chooses New President". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
^ Paulson, Michael (February 7, 2018). "Broadway Producer Named BAM’s New Artistic Director". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
^ Sharon (September 5, 2011). "BAM blog: Introducing The BAM Hamm Archives". Retrieved January 29, 2018.
^ Newman, Andy (November 12, 1998). "More Than Just a Movie House; A Magnet for Brooklyn's Young Is in Place, but Will It Work?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
^ "Dance Mailbag". The New York Times. October 3, 1976. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
^ Lee, Felicia R. (October 5, 2004). "Endowment Doubles for Brooklyn Academy". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 27, 2019.
^ Libbey, Peter (September 13, 2018). "How Next Wave Is It? Joseph V. Melillo Picks His Kind of Show From His Final Program". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
^ Barone, Joshua (October 23, 2018). "A 100-Dance Merce Cunningham Celebration Is Coming to BAM". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 27, 2019.
^ Pogrebin, Robin (February 4, 2014). "President of BAM Will Leave Next Year". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
^ Editors, American Theatre (May 4, 2017). "Joseph V. Melillo to Depart Brooklyn Academy of Music". AMERICAN THEATRE. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
^ Scott, A. O. (June 19, 2012). "BAMcinemaFest, With Jonathan Caouette and Others". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
^ Kathy Howe (September 1996). "National Register of Historic Places Registration:Brooklyn Academy of Music". New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation. Archived from the original on October 19, 2012. Retrieved March 19, 2011. See also: "Accompanying 17 photos". Archived from the original on October 12, 2012. and "Additional documentation including floor plans and photographs". Archived from the original on October 19, 2012.
^ "New Theater Unveiled At Brooklyn Academy". The New York Times. December 15, 1973. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 27, 2019.
^ "BAM Hillman Attic Studio | Theater in Fort Greene, Brooklyn". Time Out New York. Retrieved February 21, 2019.
^ Berkvist, Robert (February 11, 2017). "Harvey Lichtenstein, Who Led Brooklyn Academy of Music's Rebirth, Dies at 87". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 27, 2019.
^ Tamara Hinson, for CNN (April 22, 2014). "15 of the world's most spectacular theaters". CNN. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
^ "BAM blog: The Majestic BAM Harvey Theater". bam150years.blogspot.com. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
^ Pogrebin, Robin (June 13, 2012). "BAM's Richard B. Fisher Building to Be Unveiled Thursday". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 27, 2019.
^ "BAM Fisher Hillman Studio". NYC-ARTS. Retrieved February 21, 2019.
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