proba
float64 0.5
1
| text
stringlengths 16
174k
|
|---|---|
0.999999 |
Follow Term of Agreement clause.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest Interests shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Debentures have been made indefeasibly paid in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination; provided, the Secured Partyhowever, at the request and at the expense that all indemnities of the CompanyDebtors contained in this Agreement (including, will join without limitation, Annex B hereto) shall survive and remain operative and in executing any full force and effect regardless of the termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to of this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate upon the date that all obligations of the parties hereto under this Agreement have been satisfied or, if earlier, on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such terminationdate, the Secured Partyprior to a Change of Control, at the request and at the expense of Employee is no longer employed by the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest Interests shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made indefeasibly paid in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination; provided, the Secured Partyhowever, at the request and at the expense that all indemnities of the CompanyDebtors contained in this Agreement (including, will join without limitation, Annex B hereto) shall survive and remain operative and in executing any full force and effect regardless of the termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to of this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made indefeasibly paid in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination; provided, the Secured Partyhowever, at the request and at the expense that all indemnities of the CompanyDebtors contained in this Agreement (including, will join without limitation, Annex B hereto) shall survive and remain operative and in executing any full force and effect regardless of the termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to of this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Debentures have been made indefeasibly paid in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination; provided, the Secured Partyhowever, at the request and at the expense that all indemnities of the CompanyDebtors contained in this Agreement (including, will join without limitation, Annex B hereto) shall survive and remain operative and in executing any full force and effect regardless of the termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to of this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Debentures have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest Interests shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Note have been made indefeasibly paid in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination; provided, the Secured Partyhowever, at the request and at the expense that all indemnities of the CompanyDebtors contained in this Agreement (including, will join without limitation, Annex B hereto) shall survive and remain operative and in executing any full force and effect regardless of the termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to of this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate upon the date that all obligations of the parties hereto under this Agreement have been satisfied or, if earlier, on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such terminationdate, prior to a Change of Control Protection Period, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of Employee is no longer employed by the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments amounts outstanding under the Notes have been made in full are no longer outstanding and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made indefeasibly paid in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination; provided, the Secured Partyhowever, at the request and at the expense that all indemnities of the Company, will join Debtors contained in executing any this Agreement shall survive and remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to of this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement shall commence on and as of the Effective Date and continue until Executives employment has terminated and the Security Interest shall terminate on obligations of the date on which all payments under the Notes parties hereunder have terminated or expired or have been made satisfied in full and all other Obligations have been paid accordance with their terms, or dischargedif earlier, upon the execution of a new employment agreement by the parties hereto. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, the provisions of the Existing Agreement will continue to apply until a filing by the Company for bankruptcy. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of a filing for bankruptcy by the Company, the terms of the Agreement will join apply and supersede the terms of the Existing Agreement in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed their entirety. As of the Effective Date, the title, responsibilities, salary and filed pursuant to this Agreementbenefits of Executive shall be the same as those that are currently in effect.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest Interests shall terminate terminate, automatically and without any action on the part of the Agent or Secured Parties, on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made indefeasibly paid or otherwise discharged in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged; provided, however, that all indemnities of the parties hereto contained in this Agreement (including, without limitation, Annex B hereto) shall survive and remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination of this Agreement. Upon such termination, the The Agent and Secured PartyParties shall, at the Debtor's request and at expense, take any and all action required to discharge any and all security interests and release to Debtor any and all Collateral in the expense Agent's or Secured Parties' possession or control. The Secured Parties hereby agree that the Debtor shall have the right, and the Debtor is hereby authorized, to take all necessary action to cause the termination and release of the Company, will join in executing any all security interests granted hereunder upon termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to of this Agreement, including the filing of one or more UCC termination statements or amendments relating to the Collateral.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Subordinate Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been indefeasibly made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreementindefeasibly paid.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement shall be in full force and effect commencing upon the Security Interest date hereof. This Agreement shall terminate on upon the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in Consultant's full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense completion of the CompanyConsulting Services. Either Party hereto shall have the right to terminate this Agreement without notice in the event of the death, will join in executing any termination statement bankruptcy, insolvency, or assignment for the benefit of creditors of the other Party. Consultant shall have the right to terminate this Agreement if Company fails to comply with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, including without limitation its responsibilities for compensation as set forth in this Agreement, and such failure continues unremedied for a period of 30 days after written notice to the Company by Consultant. The Company shall have the right to terminate this Agreement upon delivery to Consultant of notice setting forth with specificity facts comprising a material breach of this Agreement by Consultant if such breach shall remain uncured for more than 30 days.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Note have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Debentures have been made in full and all other Obligations of the Company have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made indefeasibly paid in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination; provided, the Secured Partyhowever, at the request that all indemnities contained in this Agreement shall survive and at the expense remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to of this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest Interests shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Debentures have been made indefeasibly paid in full or otherwise satisfied in full and all other Obligations have been paid paid, discharged or dischargedsatisfied in full; provided, however, that all indemnities of the Debtors contained in this Agreement (including, without limitation, Annex B hereto) shall survive and remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination of this Agreement. Upon such terminationthe termination of this Agreement, the Secured Party, at Agent shall immediately return to the request and at Company any Collateral that has been delivered to the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed Agent pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Amended Note have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyDebtors, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest Interests shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Note have been made indefeasibly paid in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination; provided, the Secured Partyhowever, at the request and at the expense that all indemnities of the Company, will join Debtor contained in executing any this Agreement shall survive and remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to of this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Debentures have been made in full or have been satisfied and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the each Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyDebtors, will join in executing any termination statement or similar statement with respect to any financing statement or other security instrument executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Note have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this AgreementAgreement and taking any and all other actions reasonably requested by the Company to terminate the Secured Partys Security Interest and release any and all Collateral.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full or at such time as the Secured Party fully converts the Notes and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest Interests shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made indefeasibly paid in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination; provided, the Secured Partyhowever, at the request and at the expense that all indemnities of the Company, will join Company contained in executing any this Agreement shall survive and remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to of this AgreementAgreement or the resignation or removal of the Agent.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Note have been made in full or have been satisfied and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the each Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyPledgor, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this AgreementAgreement and promptly deliver to Pledgor any collateral in such Secured Partys possession.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest Interests shall terminate terminate, automatically and without any action on the part of the Agent or Secured Parties, on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made indefeasibly paid or otherwise discharged in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged; provided, however, that all indemnities of the parties hereto contained in this Agreement (including without limitation Annex B hereto) shall survive and remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination of this Agreement. Upon such termination, the The Agent and Secured PartyParties shall, at the Debtor's request and at expense, take any and all action required to discharge any and all security interests and release to Debtor any and all Collateral in the expense Agent's or Secured Parties' possession or control. The Secured Parties hereby agree that the Debtor shall have the right, and the Debtor is hereby authorized, to take all necessary action to cause the termination and release of the Company, will join in executing any all security interests granted hereunder upon termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to of this Agreement, including the filing of one or more UCC termination statements or amendments relating to the Collateral.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured PartyParties, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyObligors, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Note have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyDebtors, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which that of all payments amounts due the Secured Party under the Notes have Secured Note has been made in full indefeasibly paid and all other Obligations obligations have been indefeasibly paid or dischargedsatisfied. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest Interests shall terminate terminate, automatically and without any action on the part of the Agent or Secured Parties, on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made indefeasibly paid in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged; provided, however, that all indemnities of the parties hereto contained in this Agreement (including without limitation Annex B hereto) shall survive and remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination of this Agreement. Upon such termination, the The Agent and Secured PartyParties shall, at the Debtor's request and at expense, take any and all action required to discharge any and all security interests and release to Debtor any and all Collateral in the expense Agent's or Secured Parties' possession or control. The Secured Parties hereby agree that the Debtor shall have the right to take all necessary action to cause the termination and release of the Company, will join in executing any all security interests granted hereunder upon termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to of this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest security interest in the Collateral granted by the Company to the Purchasers hereunder shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full or otherwise converted pursuant to the terms thereof and all other Obligations have been paid or dischargeddischarged in full. Upon Promptly following such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, Purchasers will join in executing any termination statement and other filings with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this AgreementAgreement or required for evidencing termination of this Agreement or the Purchasers' security interest in the Collateral and file any such termination statements or other filings with the appropriate agencies.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Note and the Purchase Agreement have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Debentures have been made indefeasibly paid in full full, the Secured Party ceases to hold any Securities, and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination; provided, the Secured Partyhowever, at the request and at the expense that all indemnities of the Company, will join Debtor contained in executing any this Agreement shall survive and remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to of this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest Interests shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made indefeasibly paid in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged; provided, however, that all indemnities of the Company contained in this Agreement (including, without limitation, Annex B hereto) shall survive and remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination of this Agreement. Upon such terminationFollowing termination of this Agreement, the Secured Party, at the request Agent shall take all action and execute all documents at the expense of the Company, will join in executing Company required to ensure the termination of the Security Interest and the prompt return of any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this AgreementPledged Securities.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest Interests shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Debentures have been made indefeasibly paid in full or all Debentures have been converted in accordance with their terms, and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged; provided, however, that all indemnities of the Debtor contained in this Agreement (including, without limitation, Annex B hereto) shall survive and remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination of this Agreement. Upon such terminationtermination of this Agreement, the Secured Party, at the request Agent agrees to execute any and at the expense all documents on behalf of the CompanySecured Parties reasonably requested by the Debtor for the release of the Security Interest on the Collateral, will join in executing any including, without limitation, UCC-3 termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreementstatements.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of Execution Copy the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations of the Company have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured PartyParties, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyObligor, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest Interests shall terminate terminate, automatically and without any action on the part of the Agent or Secured Parties, on the date on which all payments under the Notes Debentures have been made indefeasibly paid in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged; provided, however, that all indemnities of the Debtors contained in this Agreement (including, without limitation, Annex B hereto) shall survive and remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination of this Agreement. Upon Agent and Secured Parties shall, at Debtors request, take any and all action required to discharge any and all security interests and release to Debtor any and all Collateral in Agents or Secured Parties possession or control. The Secured Parties hereby agree that the Debtor shall have the right to take all necessary action to cause the termination and release of all security interests granted hereunder upon termination of this Agreement and do hereby make, constitute and appoint the Debtor their true and lawful attorney-in-fact, with power, in the name of the Agent and Secured Parties to, after the termination of this Agreement, take any and all such terminationaction on behalf of, and in the name of, the Agent and Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this AgreementParties.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full or have been satisfied and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, Party will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest Interests shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Debentures have been made indefeasibly paid in full or otherwise satisfied in full and all other Obligations have been paid paid, discharged or dischargedsatisfied in full; provided, however, that all indemnities of the Debtors contained in this Agreement (including, without limitation, Annex B hereto) shall survive and remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination of this Agreement. Upon such terminationthe termination of this Agreement, the Secured Party, at Parties shall immediately return to the request and at Company any Collateral that has been delivered to the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed Secured Parties pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest security interests granted hereunder shall terminate on remain in full force and effect until the date on which all payments Secured Obligations under the Notes Credit Agreement have been made satisfied in full and all other Obligations the Commitments have been paid or dischargedterminated, at which time the Administrative Agent shall release and terminate the security interests granted to it hereunder. Upon such release and termination, (a) the Secured PartyPledgors shall be entitled to the return, at the request Pledgors expense, of any and all funds in the Collateral Account and such of the Collateral held by the Administrative Agent as shall not have been sold or otherwise applied pursuant to the terms hereof and (b) the Administrative Agent shall, at the expense of Pledgors expense, execute and deliver to the Company, will join in executing any Borrowers such UCC termination statement with respect statements and other documents as the Borrower shall reasonably request to any financing statement executed evidence such release and filed pursuant to this Agreementtermination.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Debentures have been made indefeasibly paid in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination; provided, the Secured Partyhowever, at the request and at the expense that all indemnities of the Company, will join Debtors contained in executing any this Agreement shall survive and remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to of this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest security interests granted hereunder shall terminate on remain in full force and effect until the date on which all payments under the Notes Secured Obligations have been made satisfied in full and all other Obligations the Commitments have been paid or dischargedterminated, at which time the Administrative Agent shall release and terminate the security interests granted to it hereunder. Upon such release and termination, (i) the Secured PartyPledgors shall be entitled to the return, at the request Pledgors expense, of any and all funds in the Collateral Account and such of the Collateral held by the Administrative Agent as shall not have been sold or otherwise applied pursuant to the terms hereof and (ii) the Administrative Agent shall, at the expense of Pledgors expense, execute and deliver to the Company, will join in executing any Borrowers such UCC termination statement with respect statements and other documents as the Borrower shall reasonably request to any financing statement executed evidence such release and filed pursuant to this Agreementtermination.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Senior Notes have been made indefeasibly paid in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination; provided, the Secured Partyhowever, at the request and at the expense that all indemnities of the Company, will join Debtors contained in executing any this Agreement shall survive and remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to of this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest Interests shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made indefeasibly paid in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination; provided, the Secured Partyhowever, at the request and at the expense that all indemnities of the Company, will join Debtors contained in executing any this Agreement shall survive and remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to of this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured PartyParties, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have Secured Obligation has been made in full and all other Obligations or otherwise have been paid discharged, expired, or dischargedterminated. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have Secured Note has been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Secured Notes have has been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured PartyParties, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest Interests shall terminate terminate, automatically and without any action on the part of the Agent or Secured Parties, on the date on which all payments under the Notes Note have been made indefeasibly paid in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged; provided, however, that all indemnities of the parties hereto contained in this Agreement (including without limitation Annex B hereto) shall survive and remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination of this Agreement. Upon such termination, the The Agent and Secured PartyParties shall, at the Debtor's request and at expense, take any and all action required to discharge any and all security interests and release to Debtor any and all Collateral in the expense Agent's or Secured Parties' possession or control. The Secured Parties hereby agree that the Debtor shall have the right to take all necessary action to cause the termination and release of the Company, will join in executing any all security interests granted hereunder upon termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to of this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which repayment of all payments amounts due the Secured Parties under the Notes have been made in full Loan Agreement and all other Obligations have been paid or dischargedthe Notes. Upon such termination, the Secured PartyParties, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyObligor, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest Liens granted hereby shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made indefeasibly paid in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged; provided, however, that all indemnities of the Company contained in this Agreement shall survive and remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the repayment of the Obligations, the termination of this Agreement or the resignation or removal of the Agent. Upon such termination, the Secured PartyAgent, at the written request and at the expense of the Company, will join promptly execute and deliver to the Company a proper instrument or instruments (including UCC termination statements on form UCC-3) acknowledging the satisfaction and termination of this Agreement, and will duly assign, transfer and deliver to the Company (without recourse and without any representation or warranty) such of the Pledged Collateral as may be in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed the possession of the Agent and filed as has not theretofore been sold or otherwise applied or released pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Note and Management Agreement have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest Interests shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Debentures have been made indefeasibly paid in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon At such terminationtime, this Agreement, marked "Cancelled" shall be returned to the Debtors, and the Secured Party, at the request Parties shall further execute and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any file a termination statement with respect in regard to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant that is solely related to this Agreementthe Collateral.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured PartyLender, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyBorrower, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Note have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyIssuers, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which earlier of: (i) the repayment of all payments amounts due the Secured Party under the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or dischargedPromissory Note. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyObligor, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Loan have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or dischargedfull, including as a result of such Loans converting into Borrower Securities. Upon such termination, the Secured PartyLender will promptly file, at the request Lender's sole cost and at the expense of the Companyexpense, will join in executing any all termination statement statements with respect to any financing or similar statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Debentures have been made in full or have been satisfied and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured PartyParties, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyDebtors, will join in executing any termination statement with w ith respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will promptly join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Debentures have been made in full or have been satisfied and all other Obligations costs, expenses, fees or other obligations of Debtor under the Debenture have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured PartyParties, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyPledgor, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest Interests shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made indefeasibly paid in full or otherwise satisfied in full and all other Obligations have been paid paid, discharged or dischargedsatisfied in full; provided, however, that all indemnities of the Debtors contained in this Agreement (including, without limitation, Annex B hereto) shall survive and remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination of this Agreement. Upon such terminationthe termination of this Agreement, the Secured Party, at Agent shall immediately return to the request and at Company any Collateral that has been delivered to the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed Agent pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Unless terminated earlier as provided in Section 7.2.2, this Agreement and shall continue in force until terminated by either party giving the Security Interest shall terminate on other one hundred eighty (180) days written notice. Notwithstanding the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such terminationforegoing, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense obligations of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement parties shall continue with respect to all Program Loans funded or purchased under this Agreement prior to such termination. Upon the termination of this Agreement for any financing statement executed reason, the Pittsburgh Bank agrees to use its best efforts to promptly return to the MPF Provider all marketing and filed pursuant operational materials previously provided by the MPF Provider, and no longer needed by the Pittsburgh Bank to this Agreementfulfill its remaining obligations hereunder, unless other mutually acceptable arrangements have been made.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments of principal, accrued and unpaid interest and any other amounts due under the Notes have been made indefeasibly paid in full; provided, however, that all indemnities of the Debtor contained in this Agreement (including, without limitation, Annex A hereto) shall survive and remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination of this Agreement. Upon payment in full of all of the outstanding principal amount of the Notes, together with all accrued and unpaid interest, and any other amounts due under the Notes, the Agent shall prepare and file such Uniform Commercial Code financing statement amendments, and shall prepare, execute and file such other documents or instruments, as may be necessary to terminate of record and in fact any security interest in or lien on the Collateral under this Agreement. Each Secured Party irrevocably agrees that the Agents termination and release of any lien or security interest in the Collateral as provided in this Section 14 shall constitute a full and complete termination and release or any and all other Obligations right, title and interest (including any lien or security interest) that such Secured Party may have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, claim in the Collateral and that any actions taken by Agent under this Section 14 shall be binding on each Secured Party. The Secured Parties hereby irrevocably authorize and direct the Agent to perform the Agents obligations under this Section 14 without any requirement or notice to, at the request and at the expense of the Companyor consent or authorization from, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this AgreementSecured Party.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Secured Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have Note has been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyIssuers, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes July 2007 Debentures have been made in full or have been satisfied and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the each Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyDebtor, will join in executing any 10 termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, Company shall have the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing authority to file any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement st atement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest Interests shall terminate terminate, automatically and without any action on the part of the Secured Party or Secured Party, on the date on which all payments under the Notes Note have been made indefeasibly paid or otherwise discharged in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such terminationThe Secured Party shall, at Debtor's request and expense, take any and all action required to discharge any and all security interests and release to Debtor any and all Collateral in the Secured Party's possession or control. The Secured Party hereby agrees that the Debtors shall have the right, at and the request Debtors are hereby authorized, to take all necessary action to cause the termination and at the expense release of the Company, will join in executing any all security interests granted hereunder upon termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to of this Agreement, including the filing of one or more UCC termination statements or amendments relating to the Collateral.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to t o any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest Interests shall terminate terminate, automatically and without any action on the part of the Agent or Secured Parties, on the date on which all payments under the Notes Note have been made indefeasibly paid in full (or exchanged in full for securities issued in connection with a Reverse Merger Financing (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) pursuant to Section 4.7 of the Purchase Agreement) and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged; provided, however, that all indemnities of the parties hereto contained in this Agreement (including without limitation Annex B hereto) shall survive and remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of the termination of this Agreement. Upon such termination, the The Agent and Secured PartyParties shall, at the Debtors' request and at expense, take any and all action required to discharge any and all security interests and release to the expense Debtors any and all Collateral in the Agent's or Secured Parties' possession or control. The Secured Parties hereby agree that the Debtors shall have the right to take all necessary action to cause the termination and release of the Company, will join in executing any all security interests granted hereunder upon termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to of this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Note have been made in full and all other Obligations of the Company have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid in full or dischargedhave been satisfied or discharged in full (except for Unasserted Contingent Obligations) without any further action on the part of any party hereto. Upon such termination, the Secured PartyCollateral Agent, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyObligors, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement or other security document executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This The term of this Security Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate commence on the date on which hereof and this Security Agreement shall continue in full force and effect, and be binding upon Company, until all payments under of the Obligations have been fully paid or the Notes have been made converted into equity securities of Company in full and all other Obligations have been paid or dischargedaccordance with Section 2 of the Notes, whereupon this Security Agreement shall terminate. Upon such termination, the Secured PartyCollateral Agent agrees that it will, at the Companys expense, execute such documents as Company may request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect as are reasonably necessary to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreementevidence or effectuate such termination.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made continue in full force and effect until such time as all other Obligations shall have been paid or dischargedand satisfied in full. Upon At such terminationtime, the Secured PartyLender shall, at the upon request and at the expense of the CompanyBorrower, will join in executing any termination statement with respect take all action necessary or appropriate to any financing statement executed and filed release the security interests granted to the Lender pursuant to this AgreementAgreement or any other Loan Document.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Promissory Notes have been made paid in full or have been satisfied and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyDebtors, will join in executing any termination statement or similar statement with respect to any financing statement or other security instrument executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Loan have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or dischargedfull, including as a result of such Loans converting into Borrower Securities. Upon such termination, the Secured PartyLender will promptly file, at the request Lenders sole cost and at the expense of the Companyexpense, will join in executing any all termination statement statements with respect to any financing or similar statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Pledge Agreement and the Security Interest security interests granted hereunder shall terminate on remain in full force and effect until the date on which all payments Secured Obligations under the Notes Credit Agreement have been made satisfied in full and all other Obligations the Commitments have been paid or dischargedterminated, at which time the Administrative Agent shall release and terminate the security interests granted to it hereunder. Upon such release and termination, (a) the Secured PartyPledgors shall be entitled to the return, at the request Pledgors' expense, of any and all funds in the Collateral Account and such of the Collateral held by the Administrative Agent as shall not have been sold or otherwise applied pursuant to the terms hereof and (b) the Administrative Agent shall, at the expense of Pledgors' expense, execute and deliver to the Company, will join in executing any Borrowers such UCC termination statement with respect statements and other documents as the Borrower shall reasonably request to any financing statement executed evidence such release and filed pursuant to this Agreementtermination.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Note have been made in full and all other Obligations under the Note have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Security Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which when all payments under the Notes Note have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or dischargeddischarged and/or terminated in accordance with the terms of this Security Agreement, the Note or otherwise. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyC&M, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Security Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made indefeasibly paid in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon Further Assurances. On a continuing basis, Debtor will make, execute, acknowledge, deliver, file and record, as the case may be, with the proper filing and recording agencies in any jurisdiction, all such terminationinstruments, and take all such action as may reasonably be deemed necessary or advisable, or as reasonably requested by the Secured PartyCollateral Agent, at to perfect the request Security Interest granted hereunder and at otherwise to carry out the expense intent and purposes of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement, or for assuring and confirming to the Collateral Agent the grant or perfection of a perfected security interest in all the Collateral under the UCC.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Financing Agreement and the Notes have been made in full or have been satisfied and all other Obligations (except for Unasserted Contingent Obligations) have been paid paid, performed or dischargeddischarged in full. Upon such termination, the Secured PartyCollateral Agent, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyObligors, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Note have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyDebtor, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Debentures have been made in full or have been satisfied and all other Obligations costs, expenses, fees or other obligations of Debtor under the Debenture and this Agreement have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured PartyParties, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyDebtor, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes and any other Obligations held by or in respect of a Secured Party have been made in full or otherwise converted pursuant to the terms thereof and all other Obligations have been indefeasibly paid or dischargeddischarged in full. Upon such termination, the Agent and Secured PartyParties, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyGrantor, will join in executing and/or filing any termination statement and other filings with respect to any financing statement or other filing executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement or required for evidencing termination of the Security Interest or this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full or have been satisfied and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured PartyParties, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyDebtor, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or dischargeddischarged in full. Upon such termination, the Secured PartyParties, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyObligor, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement. The obligations of the Obligor under this Agreement shall continue to be effective or automatically be reinstated, as the case may be, if at any time payment of any of the Obligations is rescinded or otherwise must be restored or returned by the Secured Parties upon the insolvency, bankruptcy, dissolution, liquidation or reorganization of the Obligor or any other obligor or otherwise, all as though such payment had not been made.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and a nd filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes Debentures have been made in full or have been satisfied and all other Obligations have been paid or dischargeddischarged (excluding inchoate indemnity obligations and obligations under the Warrants and Registration Rights Agreement). Upon such termination, the each Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyDebtors, will join in executing file or authorize the filing of any termination statement or similar statement with respect to any financing statement or other security instrument executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or discharged. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed authorized and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This On the date of the full, final, and complete satisfaction of the Obligations (other than indemnity and other obligations which by their terms survive termination of the Credit Agreement and any contingent Obligations for which the Security Interest shall terminate on contingency has not occurred at the date on which all payments under time the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid repaid) and the termination of all Commitments of the Lenders under the Credit D-4 Agreement, this Pledge shall terminate and be of no further force or discharged. Upon effect (such terminationdate, the "Termination Date"). Thereafter, upon request, the Administrative Agent, on behalf of the Secured PartyParties, shall promptly provide the Pledgor, at the request and at the expense its sole expense, a written release of the CompanyPledgor's Obligations hereunder and a written release of the Account Collateral and, will join so long as the Pledgor has written confirmation from the Administrative Agent that this Pledge has been terminated as provided above, the Pledgor shall be authorized to prepare and file UCC termination statements terminating all UCC financing statements filed of record in executing any termination statement connection with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this AgreementPledge.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which all payments under the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or dischargedfull. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the Company, Collateral Agent will join in executing any promptly file all termination statement statements with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Security Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which repayment of all payments amounts due the Secured Party under the Notes have been made in full Letter Agreement and all other Obligations have been paid or dischargedthe Note. Upon such termination, the Secured Party, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyObligor, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Security Agreement.
Term of Agreement. This Agreement and the Security Interest shall terminate on the date on which repayment of all payments amounts due the Secured Parties under the Notes have been made in full and all other Obligations have been paid or dischargedLoan Agreement. Upon such termination, the Secured PartyParties, at the request and at the expense of the CompanyObligor, will join in executing any termination statement with respect to any financing statement executed and filed pursuant to this Agreement.
|
0.993118 |
On 7 December 1988, the world was hit by the news of a devastating earthquake that killed at least 31,000 and injured about 130,000 people in the little-known Soviet Socialist Republic of Armenia. Buildings lay in ruins and thousands were left homeless in a cold winter's dawn. Shockingly, Mikhail Gorbachev, the leader of the mighty USSR, admitted his country was unable to deal with the destruction, the search for survivors, and the rebuilding. He called for international help, and it was given, but soon a question arose: how could an earthquake of 6.8 magnitude cause such disproportionate destruction?
Twenty-seven years after the Armenian Earthquake and the collapse of the Soviet Union, Gyumri, the city that suffered the most on 7 December 1988, continues to bear the marks of the tragedy.
The second biggest city in Armenia, Gyumri is actually one of the most charming places in this country. Unlike so many other cities in the Caucasus, it is not a blend of mediaeval and Soviet architecture. Instead, Gyumri has the distinct atmosphere of a 19th Century provincial town, with wide streets, spacious squares and lines of small, exquisite villas and mansions. The churches, with their mediaeval Armenian architecture, are also from the 19th Century. There is the ubiquitous Soviet imprint as well, mainly in the administrative buildings and the high-rise prefabricated blocks of the new neighbourhoods.
Gyumri came into being because of the Russian Empire. The place where the city is was inhabited in the 1st Millennium BC by the Hittites, but by mediaeval times it had slowly shrunk into an insignificant backwater. Things changed when Russia took over this part of the Caucasus, in 1803. Gyumri was now on the border of an aggressive empire with its regional foes, Iran and the Ottoman Empire, and became a military outpost. The menacing fortress of Sev Berd, built on an adjacent hilltop for the 1828-1829 Russo-Turkish War, is a reminder of these times, and is now one of the major tourist sites in the city.
The Russian army was followed by a stream of merchants and manufacturers, and in a matter of a few decades Gyumri became one of the powerhouses of the region. Its beautiful churches and mansions reflect the wealth generated.
In 1837, Tsar Nicholas I emphasised the special place Gyumri held, when he renamed it Alexandropol, after his wife. The next time the city got a new name was soon after the Russian Empire merged into the Soviet one: in 1924, Alexandropol became Leninakan, after the recently deceased Vladimir Lenin. It remained Leninakan until 1993, when it reverted to Gyumri.
Changes of names and empires aside, little has been altered in the historical Kumayri district since the 19th Century. Slowly strolling elderly people and playing children inhabit the quiet streets. Tiny bakeries exhale the warm aroma of fresh loaves. Barbers carry on their business in salons as in olden times. Many of the mansions are in a picturesque state of dilapidation, and at sunset the dusty streets and the crumbing walls glow red and orange. Sunflower seed eating is the favourite pastime of those who flock to Vartanants Square, Gyumri's most popular gathering place, defined by two 19th Century churches, and a hotel and city hall from the 1920s-1930s.
Seen from here, Gyumri is pleasant, and the restaurants around reinforce this impression. This idyll, however, crumbles to dust under closer scrutiny. The churches bear the traces of the 1988 earthquake, and are still being repaired. Deeper, far more painful remains of the disaster are to be found on the outskirts of Gyumri, in the residential areas.
Like everywhere in the former East bloc, most of the citizens live in prefabricated blocks. In Gyumri, however, most of these blocks were only built after 1988. The reason? Their predecessors suffered the heaviest damage and what did not collapse straight away became uninhabitable. A later investigation found that the older prefabs in Gyumri had a fatal flow that made them more vulnerable to the earthquake. As they were constructed in the 1970s, when the Soviet economy was already struggling, the workers and managers stole concrete from construction sites and sold it on the black market, resulting in dangerously under-strength structures.
The result was the mind-numbing number of casualties.
Once the dust from the tremor had settled, the survivors found themselves in dire straits: their homes were either in ruins or dangerous to inhabit. The Soviet government settled the homeless in temporary shelters, the so-called domiki, or small houses. A promise was made that it would not be for long, and new housing would soon be provided for those affected.
The disintegration of the USSR, however, had already started, and the homeless of Leninakan were all but forgotten. Rebuilding took years in now independent Armenia. Today, about 3,500 citizens of Gyumri are still living in domiki. Huddled between the blocks, some with their own carefully maintained gardens or even decorated with recycled trash (tin, tyres, wood), the shanties continue to be the only homes of those whose only lucky break was to survive 7 December 1988.
The domiki do not have a mains water supply. Their walls are thin, and their window frames do not provide much shelter in winter. Their inhabitants, now mostly ageing, are eager to show an interested foreign journalist how they live.
It is a tough life we see, from the barren two-roomed shack where a woman in her 60s lives. The only furniture in one of the rooms is a cheap carpet, hung on the wall. Her neighbours are a couple of octogenarians and their daughter. They all share a bedroom, which is also their living room. A picture of the couple in happier times hangs over their bed. The man was an Armenian from the Greek diaspora, who moved to Gyumri after the Second World War, when Soviet Armenian emissaries were travelling the world, advertising the country as a true heaven. He believed them. Now, he does not say he regrets that decision – and we do not ask. The domik where he lives and where he will probably die is a sufficient answer.
|
0.948263 |
Why do variable addresses differ by a specific amount each time I run a program (as in "printf("%d %d\n", &a, &b);". It will print "1000 988" in one run, "924 912" in another, "1288 1276", and so on and so forth)? Does the compiler occupy a set amount of memory after each variable declaration where nothing can be written? If yes, what does it depend on? Using some variables in a program of mine, the smallest difference between them was 12 bytes, and it reached up to 212. This was the only case where the difference was not a multiple of twelve (in other cases it was 24, 36 or 48 bytes). Is there any reason behind that? Since my variables were of type int (occupying 4 bytes in my system), could the difference between my variable addresses be less than 12 (for example 4)? Do those address differences depend on the variable types? If yes, in what way? Thank you in advance!
Most OSes today use address-space layout randomization in order to make it harder to write certain kinds of malware. (The kind that writes code to memory and then tries to get the program to hand over control to it; now has to guess what address to get the program to jump to.) As a result, variables won’t be at the same addresses every time you run a program.
Depending on the type of the variable, how it’s allocated and which OS and architecture you’re running on, the size and alignment of variables will vary. The compiler and runtime might or might not always put them on a four-, eight- or sixteen-byte boundary. For example, the x86_64 function-call ABI always starts a function’s stack frame on a sixteen-byte boundary, and some implementations of malloc() always return an address divisible by sixteen because that’s required to store vectors on some CPUs.
If you want to know what the compiler is doing, you can try compiling to assembly. On gcc or clang, you can do this with the -S flag.
If you're asking why the memory address for a variable differs in between different executable runs the answer is ASLR, which exists to make it harder to exploit security issues in code (see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Address_space_layout_randomization).
If you disable ASLR you will get the same address for a given variable each time you run your executable.
See also Difference between gdb addresses and "real" addresses?
Your linker (and to some degree, your compiler) lays out the address space of your application. The linker typically builds a relocatable image based at some address (e.g., zero). Apparently, your loader is placing the relocatable image at different locations when it is run.
Does the compiler occupy a set amount of memory after each variable declaration where nothing can be written?
Typically no UNLESS, the next variable needs to be aligned. Variables are normally aligned to addresses that are multiples of the variable's size.
It sounds like your compiler is allocating memory for something that you simply are not accounting for.
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged c memory memory-address or ask your own question.
Difference between gdb addresses and “real” addresses?
Java - How can I create a variable with the required size in Java?
|
0.999543 |
Let's skip the requisite preamble paragraph and get right to it. Here's the plan: in Skyrim, I'm going to use mods and console commands to transform my character into Santa Claus. Then I'm going to deliver gifts to every single NPC household in Skyrim. And I'm going to do it in a single night.
Probably won't check it twice, though.
As an aspiring Santa in Skyrim, I face a few challenges. First, a heavy workload. Even a quick glance at the Elder Scrolls wiki shows 115 NPC homes, and I strongly suspect there are more. For instance, the owners of stores often live in rooms above their shops, not in separate homes, so those aren't listed on that page. Cities have castles and palaces stuffed with NPCs who actually live there. There are orc strongholds, two Dark Brotherhood sanctuaries, a few mills that aren't listed, a couple lighthouses, and so on.
For sanity's sake, I'm going to define NPCs as characters who have actual names. I don't plan to do forts or towers, for example: bandits, while naughty and deserving of coal, typically aren't named, and thus can't be on Santa's list. Same with guard barracks: guards are just guards, they have no outside lives that I'm aware of, other than gently mocking passing heroes. No caves, either: while there are some named NPCs living in caves, they're not getting presents because, look: don't live in a cave, okay? Shacks, typically, are inhabited by monsters, or dead bodies, or no one, so I'm skipping those as well. Following those guidelines, I've come up with my general route.
Now, to look a bit closer at the details. Just by examining the city of Solitude and making notes, I've counted up 76 NPCs who need presents. Granted, many of them share lodgings, so I should be able to dump presents for entire families in a matter of moments, but that's still a lot of individual stops. More than I had really thought there would be.
Which means I really need to do something about the duration of Christmas Eve. First of all, vanilla night is not nearly long enough: the day/night cycle in Skyrim is set at 20:1, where every minute of real-time equals 20 minutes of in-game time. Using the console command 'set timescale to 1' makes the passage of time in Skyrim identical to real-time. Provided I start at 8:00 p.m., and plan to be done by 8:00 a.m., that should give me enough time for the trip.
Quick! Before I decide this is a terrible idea, let's turn me into Santa. Using a new character, I begin by getting in the mood with a little santa cosplay. I found this Santa hat mod, which places a Santa hat (actually, 1000 of them) in a barrel inside Dragonsreach. That's a good start. I also avail myself of a bright red Santa coat with another mod.
As magical as Santa is, I'm still going to refrain from using fast-travel, but I'll make up for it by traveling fast. I use the console code 'player.forceav speedmult' and set it to 800 (the normal movement speed is 100). That makes me fast. Real fast. A test run, however, gives me a new problem.
As you can see, whooshing around Skyrim like Quicksilver means I can very easily fling myself off a cliff and die from the impact. I'm tempted to just use God mode —Santa is of course immortal—but being immortal, in my mind, doesn't mean you can't be killed, just that you won't die naturally from aging. So, I just boost my health to 10,000 using another console code. I also lower my speed back down to 200: that will keep me fleet but I'll still be able to stop easily enough to open doors.
Speaking of doors: how will I get into all of those homes? It's not like I'm going to skulk through the world pick-pocketing the house keys off every single NPC in advance (though, note to self, I should do that sometime). I sure as hell don't want to play the lock-picking mini-game all night. So, I'll do it the same way a morbidly obese elf traditionally fits down a chimney: with magic. I find it a little lame that Skyrim doesn't have a simple Knock spell, which should reside in every magician's bag of tricks, but as with everything, there's a mod for that. This mod lets me cast an Open Lock spell and then crack open a door in short order.
Now that I dash from door to door, and open those doors without lockpicks or keys, there's the question of quickly getting between towns and cities. That's where Rudolph comes in, via another mod. I can summon him with a spell, hop on his back, and fly through the air. Perfect! I also increase his movement speed with another console cheat.
It actually works better than dragon-riding does.
Another issue pops up. If I'm doing this at nighttime, when everyone is at home all snug in their beds in their kerchiefs, caps, and full plate armor, it's going to be dark, possibly very dark. Not only will this make it tough for me to find my way around, but it's going to make for some terrible screenshots. Thankfully, yet another mod gives me a spell to control the weather, including changing it to Sovngarde conditions, which are bright and magical and even shower down little sparkles that look like snow. It's beginning to look a lot like Christmas! I also install a lovely UI mod to help me keep track of the time on-screen. It adds a widget that displays the current time, including a little graphic showing the moon in the sky. Perfect.
Next, I mull over my gift options. It would be in keeping with tradition to actually craft the presents, but I don't want to spend hours standing at a forge, and I don't have an army of unpaid elves to do it for me. So, I rush around to every store in Skyrim, buying the best in armor, weapons, clothing, potions, ingots, and jewelry. I also acquire some charcoal in case I come across anyone naughty. Naturally, to carry all this loot I need to increase my carryweight ('player.setav carryweight 10000' oughta do it).
Okay! I'm ready to spend the night breaking into people's homes all over Skyrim. What could go wrong?
They... don't want to sit in my lap, do they.
Next time: a bunch of things go wrong. Continue to Part 2.
|
0.998836 |
Attention or focus. Someone staring at you can represent positive or negative attention, depending on the sense you get about the person's motivations. For example, a positive stare might feel like someone is admiring or respecting you. A negative stare might feel like someone is judging you or intending to harm you.
|
0.915154 |
The ability to combine sensory information Is an important attribute of the brain. Multisensory integration in natural systems suggests that a similar approach in artificial systems may be important. Multisensory integration is exemplified in mammals by the superior colliculus (SC), which combines visual, auditory and somatosensory stimuli to shift gaze. However, although we have a good understanding of the overall architecture of the SC, as yet we do not fully understand the process of integration. While a number of computational models of the SC have been developed, there has not been a larger scale implementation that can help determine how the senses are aligned and integrated across the superficial and deep layers of the SC. In this paper we describe a prototype implementation of the mammalian SC consisting of self-organizing maps linked by Hebbian connections, modeling visual and auditory processing in the superficial and deep layers. The model is trained on artificial auditory and visual stimuli, with testing demonstrating the formation of appropriate spatial representations, which compare well with biological data. Subsequently, we train the model on multisensory stimuli, testing to see if the unisensory maps can be combined. The results show the successful alignment of sensory maps to form a multisensory representation. We conclude that, while simple, the model lends itself to further exploration of integration, which may give insight into whether such modeling is of benefit computationally.
|
0.996952 |
What are the conditions that cause Dry Eye?
Dry Eye is a condition that occurs when the eyes do not produce enough tears or the right quality of tears.
Our eyes depend mainly on a normal flow of tears to provide constant moisture and lubrication, to maintain vision and comfort. The tears, which are a combination various components, are secreted by special glands located around the eye. And when there is an imbalance in this tear flow system, a person may experience Dry Eye.
In addition to an imbalance in the tear-flow system of the eye, excessive drying out (evaporation) of the tear film can also cause Dry Eye. This can happen due to environmental conditions such as air-conditioning, excessive heat, etc. It is increasing seen today in computer professionals with the increasing use of personal computers and mobile devices.
In Dry eye, there is thus a lack of sufficient lubrication and moisture in the eye, which can lead to constant irritation of the eye and eventually to damage of the tissue of the eye.
Just as the name indicates, the major symptoms are a dry, scratchy, and gritty feeling in the eye.
Medications : Side Effects of certain drugs such as antihistamines, birth control pills, antidepressants and certain blood pressure medicines, eye drops containing preservatives (long term use).
Diseases : Some diseases can affect the ability of the eye to produce tears, such as Thyroid disorders, Vitamin A deficiency, etc.
Ocular (Eye) Conditions : Structural problems with the eyes that do not allow them to close properly or a problem with the tear ducts.
Environmental Factors : Many environmental factors, such as hot, dry, or windy climates, high altitudes, humidity, air conditioning and cigarette smoke, etc.
Computer Usage : As most computer users tend to blink less frequently during work, the tears evaporate more rapidly during long non-blinking phases, contributing to Dry eye.
Contact Lens Wear : Contact Lens Wear induces Dry Eye and it is prolonged used can worsen the Dry eye Condition. Ocular Surgeries, Refractive Surgeries, Cataract Surgeries, and others.
If untreated, it can. Excessive Dry Eye can damage tissue and possibly scar the cornea of your eye, impairing vision.
Dry eye can be relieved with the use of artificial tears. These are lubricating eye drops, which decrease the discomfort and prevent damage to the eye surface arising from dryness. Artificial tears available in the market are of two types, those that are preservative free and those that contain preservatives.
Preservatives are added to prevent contamination of the eye drop on storage. However due to their inherent toxicity these preservatives can damage the eye on long-term usage.
Today, with the advancement of technology, new products with disappearing preservatives are available. These preservatives have the unique ability to keep the contents in the vial free of contamination during storage, but gets converted into water and oxygen when put in the eye. These products with these unique disappearing preservatives are safer for long term use compared to conventional products containing preservatives.
Those who need to use artificial tears more frequently can choose specially formulated gels with disappearing preservative system.
Your doctor can recommend the best treatment choice for you.
Drink enough Water : Make it a habit to drink plenty of water. Avoid alcoholic drinks and beverages that contain caffeine.
Blink Frequently : Keep blinking regularly, especially while reading or watching television. When using a computer, stop periodically to rest your eyes.
Avoid Rubbing the Eyes : Instead, wash your eyes to clear out the dirt.
Outdoor and Indoor Protection: If you live in a dry, dusty climate, wear sunglasses when outdoors for protection. Padded sunglasses (with covering on the sides) are available to keep wind and dust from entering your eyes. The dust indoors can be filtered with an air cleaner, and a room humidifier can be used to moisten the air in the room.
Avoid Contact Lenses, if Dry Eye is severe : Avoid using contact lenses in cases of severe Dry Eye unless they are medically required. In milder cases, you may reduce your contact lens wearing time and it may be necessary to discontinue lens wear temporarily.
Take care of the underlying eyelid disease if any : This may involve antibiotic or steroid drops, and frequent eyelid scrubs with an antibacterial shampoo.
|
0.999662 |
China’s long-term economic dynamics pose a formidable challenge to economic historians. The Qing Empire (1644-1911), the world’s largest national economy prior to the 19th century, experienced a tripling of population during the 17th and 18th centuries with no signs of diminishing per capita income. In some regions, the standard of living may have matched levels recorded in advanced regions of Western Europe. However, with the Industrial Revolution a vast gap emerged between newly rich industrial nations and China’s lagging economy. Only with an unprecedented growth spurt beginning in the late 1970s has the gap separating China from the global leaders been substantially diminished, and China regained its former standing among the world’s largest economies. This essay develops an integrated framework for understanding this entire history, including both the long period of divergence and the more recent convergent trend. The analysis sets out to explain how deeply embedded political and economic institutions that had contributed to a long process of extensive growth subsequently prevented China from capturing the benefits associated with new technologies and information arising from the Industrial Revolution. During the 20th century, the gradual erosion of these historic constraints and of new obstacles created by socialist planning eventually opened the door to China’s current boom. Our analysis links China’s recent economic development to important elements of its past, while using the success of the last three decades to provide fresh perspectives on the critical obstacles undermining earlier modernization efforts, and their removal over the last century and a half.
|
0.995981 |
The aggressive actions of Ukrainian maritime border guards in international waters represent the risk of seizure of Russian vessels, a source said.
The command of the Russian Black Sea Fleet, including naval aviation, is ready "to ensure the safety of navigation in the north-eastern part of the Black Sea and the Azov Sea water area" following the seizure by Ukrainian border guards of a Russian-flagged, Crimean-registered fishing vessel "Nord."
"Aggressive actions by Ukrainian coast guards in international waters represent not only the risk of seizure of Russian vessels, but also the formation of an actual state piracy," a source in the security agencies of the occupied Crimea told RIA Novosti.
According to the source, the threat of "Ukrainian state-level piracy has already emerged."
Read alsoUkraine, Russia face off over fishing boatAs UNIAN reported earlier, Ukrainian coast guards on Sunday detained the Russian-flagged, Crimean-registered fishing vessel Nord in the Sea of Azov, along with her crew of 10 fishermen, charging the Nord of illegally crossing Ukraine's maritime borders.
The Nord has been taken to Berdaynsk, a small Ukrainian port near Mariupol. The shipowner said that the crew had been interrogated by Ukrainian authorities and were forbidden to leave the vessel.
As UNIAN reported earlier, the Ukrainian government has implemented a national ban on vessels and seafarers with records of making port calls in Crimea, and it states that these ports are legally closed under Ukrainian law.
|
0.999936 |
What is the natural arche of ecological civilization? It is balanced cycling of a series of ecosystems, such as forest ecosystem, grassland ecosystem, agriculture ecosystem, lake and river ecosystems and marine ecosystems, etc. The standard of balance means fresh and clean water and air, high quality products of agriculture, animal husbandry and fisheries, pleased leisure landscape, natural habitats for native and endangered species, and maintenance of ecological balance and strong resilience to external disturbances.
|
0.999968 |
Several species of birds are commonly referred to as roosting birds. Included among these in Indiana are the blackbirds, starlings and grackles, as well as crows and vultures. These birds flock together during fall, winter and early spring, often forming huge roosts in urban areas. Their presence is often problematic because of potential health, economic and nuisance problems.
These large blackbirds are characterized by long, keel-shaped tails and yellow eyes. Male grackles often appear iridescent purple. They are about the size of a small crow and are very common in Indiana. Grackles are frequently seen feeding in fields, lawns, golf courses and orchards. They nest wherever there is adequate cover such as trees in parks, yards, woodlots, orchards and marshes. Grackles are omnivorous, which means they feed on a variety of plant and animal matter. Insects make up the bulk of their diet during the spring and summer months, while grain, grass seeds, pet food and fruits provide food during the fall and winter.
Individual grackles normally do not pose much of a problem; however, when they flock together and roost in trees near homes, parks or other public facilities, they can often pose a public health hazard or nuisance. Several diseases, particularly the respiratory ailment histoplasmosis, are indirectly transmissible from birds to humans. Many of these diseases are spread from the accumulation of bird droppings under the roost site. The droppings also will damage the finish on cars and kill grass and other ornamental plants. Grackles are noisy birds, often making a disturbing and obnoxious racket. Grackles may consume or destroy farm crops such as citrus, tomatoes, watermelons, cabbage, lettuce, grain, corn, peaches, figs and cantaloupes.
Starlings are smaller than grackles (about the size of a robin) and have short, square tails. During the winter, adult starlings are speckled with light dots, but they become more iridescent and less speckled during the breeding season. Juvenile starlings are a dusky, gray color.
Starlings were introduced into New York from Europe in the late 1800s and have since spread across the entire country. They are common in urban and suburban areas and nest in any suitable hole or cavity in bird houses, buildings and trees. Like grackles, starlings eat a variety of foods, but prefer seeds and fruits. They also will feed on insects during the spring and summer when insects are numerous.
Like grackles, starlings tend to congregate and roost together in flocks. Starling roosts in urban or residential areas can be a source of disease. Starlings also can cause a considerable amount of damage to gardens and orchard crops such as grapes, strawberries, apples and cherries. They are aggressive birds and often drive away desirable song birds. They may nest in bird houses intended for purple martins, woodpeckers or bluebirds.
Blackbirds and cowbirds also will flock together in huge roosts. The diseases and damage that they can cause are similar to those caused by grackles and starlings; therefore, their presence in urban areas is often objectionable. Female cowbirds lay their eggs in the nests of other birds. As a result, the host bird raises the cowbird young often at the expense of their own young.
American Crows are the only crow native to Indiana. It is the largest of all the crow species, and while it resembles the common raven, its bill is noticeably smaller, and it lacks the shaggy throat feathers of the raven. Crows are very social and roost together in extended family groups at night during the fall and winter. They will range several miles during the day in search of food, returning to the roost at night.
In addition to roosts where resident numbers may extend into the thousands, creating problems common with other types of roosting birds, American crows are known to cause extensive damage to agricultural crops and natural resources, including predation of the young of other bird species.
Indiana is home to a large population of turkey vultures, as well as a few localized populations of black vultures. Turkey vultures are larger, with up to a six foot wingspan, and a very noticeable featherless pink head. They are easily spotted from the ground by their two-tone wing feathers and their distinctive flight. Turkey vultures hold their wings in a slight V-shape, rocking from side to side as they glide, rarely flapping their wings. They are social, found frequently in extended family groups from late summer through winter. Black vultures are fairly uncommon in Indiana, keeping mostly to the southern tier of the state. Easily discernable from the turkey vultures, they can be noted from the ground by their shorter wingspan and heavier flight pattern, as well as a black or gray featherless head. Black vultures are more aggressive than their counterparts, and while turkey vultures tend to be solitary hunters during the warmer months, black vultures often travel in large groups at all times during the year.
Damage by turkey vultures is generally limited in scope, and is commonly reported as birds roosting in trees or on large utility structures or communication towers. Rarely, the birds will pick at shingles and other roofing materials. The most frequent conflict comes from the mess that turkey vultures leave behind at a chosen roost in the form of droppings and regurgitations. Black vultures tend to be more commonly associated with predation on young livestock, and are very difficult to disperse. Flocks of vultures will attack young animals that are only hours or days old.
Several things can be done to discourage roosting birds. It is important to begin control measures as soon as it is evident that the birds are beginning to form a roost, because it is very difficult to displace the birds after the roost has been well established.
The use of frightening devices has proved to be the most successful method of dispersing bird roosts. Persistence and proper timing are essential. The majority of the birds will arrive at the roost about an hour before sunset each day so persons involved in the activity should be in position and ready before the first birds start to arrive. Frightening methods should begin when the first birds start to arrive and continue until dark. This procedure should continue for several evenings in a row, or until all of the birds have been moved.
Most frightening devices scare the birds away with loud noises. Since most cities have ordinances against noise-making devices, check with the police department for current regulations before using them. Neighbors near the roost site also should be notified.
These devices are 12-gauge shotgun shells that contain firecrackers. When discharged, the firecrackers are launched about 200 feet into the air before they explode. The shells should be fired so that they will explode underneath or in front of the flock of birds approaching the roost. The purpose is to produce an explosion between the birds and the roost. The last few minutes before dark, when the birds are still moving, is a critical period when the most firepower is needed.
These devices are fired from a 15mm flare pistol. Noise bombs are firecrackers that travel about 75 feet before exploding. They should be used in the same way as the shell crackers. Whistle bombs are similar to noise bombs but do not explode. In addition to their whistling sound, they produce a trail of smoke and fire which can be well seen just before dark. Racket bombs make noise in flight but do not explode.
Distress and alarm calls of starlings and blackbirds have been used alone and in conjunction with other frightening devices to successfully move bird roosts. These tapes are available from many sporting good stores. The calls can be played on a standard cassette tape recorder, but the use of large speakers will make the sounds more effective. The tapes should be played as the birds attempt to enter the roost and should remain on for as long as the birds are in the vicinity. Propane exploders, air horns and other loud noise-making devices can be effective in dispersing roosting birds. Like other methods, they should be used from the time the first birds arrive until dark.
Flashing lights, streams of water sprayed at the roost, hawk or owl decoys, and helium-filled balloons all have been used as frightening devices. Their effectiveness is enhanced when they are used along with auditory devices. Decoys or effigies can be used on vulture roosts to discourage congregating.
Thinning roost vegetation to make it less attractive to birds often produces longer lasting results than using scaring devices. When possible, thin the roost vegetation after the birds are dispersed to discourage their return. Thinning the vegetation one time, however, is not a permanent solution to the problem. A regular vegetation maintenance program must be established.
Brown-headed cowbirds, common grackles, red-winged blackbirds, rusty blackbirds, Brewer’s blackbirds, and crows may be taken (killed) if the birds: are committing or about to commit depredations upon ornamental or shade trees, agricultural crops, livestock, or wildlife; or are concentrated in numbers and in a manner which constitutes a health hazard or nuisance.
Individuals with nuisance wild animal control permits can assist homeowners with nuisance roosting birds. The names of licensed nuisance wild animal control operators and additional information can be obtained from the Indiana Wildlife Conflicts Information Hotline at 1-877-463-6367.
|
0.99981 |
What research is being done? Several components of the NIH support research on developmental disorders such as ADHD. Research programs of the NINDS, the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) seek to address unanswered questions about the causes of ADHD, as well as to improve diagnosis and treatment.
|
0.99892 |
Mobility scooters are designed for people who have some mobility but are challenged by slopes or distances. A wide variety of mobility scooters, in various price ranges, are available to fit your needs from leading manufacturers such as Invacare, Pride, Sunrise Medical and Drive Medical. Mobility scooters come in a number of styles which can accommodate a wide range of user needs. When selecting a mobility scooter one should consider where the scooter will primarily be used (indoor, outdoor or both), how often the scooter will be transported in a car and any specific seating / accessory needs.
Most mobility scooters are defined by four features which separate them from power wheelchairs: Scooters are directed by a teller at the front of the base that can steers the front wheel. This arm can be tilted and locked allowing a safe and comfortable ride for all users. Forward and reverse motion is controlled by two thumb levers. The seat of scooters is usually mounted on a stem, allowing many scooter seats to rotate from side to side. Finally, scooters have a base board instead of footrests. Scooters are steered using a tiller, you need sufficient arm strength to drive it and thumb mobility to use the controls.
Foldable Mobility Scooters : Easily folded and ready for transport, these scooters are perfect for the active person who likes to travel. Additionally, foldable scooters, often called travel scooters, disassemble into light parts that are easy to lift into the trunk of most cars. Sealed batteries make these travel scooters airline safe; make sure to check with your carrier booking your flight.
3 Wheel Mobility Scooters : Looking for a full featured scooter with excellent maneuverability? You should consider a three wheel mobility scooters. Three wheeled scooters offer full-size comfort and are ideal for both indoor maneuverability and outdoor durability. Scooters in this category offer a wide array of features including: swivel seats, arms rests, storage baskets and more. And, with a maximum weight capacity of 300 to 400 lbs even larger framed users can be accommodated.
4 Wheel Mobility Scooters : A fourth wheel and a wider wheel base create the most stable platform within the mobility scooter category. Four wheel mobility scooters are designed for maximum stability and built specifically for outdoor use. Some larger models have knobby tires and high ground clearance; these scooters are a great choice for even rugged terrain. Some models offer a range of 25+ miles per charge and a top speed of 10 mph! The wide wheel base, which makes the 4 wheel mobility scooters great for outdoor use, often makes the turning radius wide as well. Indoor users with tight living spaces should keep this in mind.
|
0.948709 |
What is Going to be the Classic Music of the 20th Century?
I have been debating with two of my brothers for over a decade about the longevity and importance of 20th century popular music and musical artists. In 100, 200 or 300 years, assuming basic continuity of our civilization, which artists from the last century will be household names, will be known at all outside of music historians, will be considered important in any way?
Our positions have changed a bit over the years, but I tend to argue like this: How many artists can you name from the 19th century? The 18th? The 17th? My music history education is probably better than average, but my lists quickly narrow. I can think of ten or so 19th century composers (and zero musicians) off the top of my head and have put in significant listening time with only Brahms, Chopin, and Beethoven. I can think of about five 18th century composers and have spent significant time with two–Mozart and Bach. I can only think of one composer from the 17th century and have spent no time with his music. By the 16th century, I don’t even recognize any musicians‘ or composers‘ names.
And none of the above wrote in English. If I had needed to understand the words to enjoy the music I would have no use for any of them.
So, I argue, why should we expect more than ten or so musical artists of our era to be generally known and considered important in 100 years, or more than five in 200 years, or two in 300 years? To do so seems to inflate the importance of our music, and to deflate the probable importance of future generations’ music to the generations that produce it and the probability of major shifts in the dominant culture. It’s an easy mistake to make, I think, for the Gen Xers and Millenials in the cultural shadow of the Boomers. After all, who have our generations produced to eclipse The Beatles or James Brown?
And there’s the way language changes. Even assuming English remains dominant, our modern English is quite likely to sound stilted in 100 years and pretty hard to understand in 300. How many people will listen to Bob Dylan purely for the sonic experience, especially once the historical context of 20th century folk music and Dylan’s “going electric” is long gone?
My brothers, on the other hand, tend to argue that digital storage of music and globalization have changed everything and my looking at history to predict the future is not clear thinking. First, there is unprecedented access to fame in modern times: The composers I cite could write down their pieces and try to get others to play them, but couldn’t put them on YouTube with a video to go viral. As far as I know it’s true that even the best known of my list of composers had nowhere near the fame of Michael Jackson. Maybe popes or emperors had a shot at that kind of fame, but not Bach. Second, my composers wrote on paper that can decompose or get thrown away with grandpa’s old junk after he dies. This is way, way less likely to happen with the way we store information now. A recording of music can theoretically live forever in easy access. Third, the trend seems to be nichification, not extinction. The memory of and enthusiasm for Carl Perkins, for example, lives on in young people who are into neo-rockabilly, psychobilly, gothabilly and who knows what other sub-genres to come. Finally, my wife, Reanna, points out that language may not drift the way it used to because of globalization and the internet. It seems like standardization (to Californian English) is the trend these days, not drift. Dylan may be only a little harder to understand in a couple centuries than he is today.
For all these reasons, they argue, why should we expect any really great music from the 20th century to lose its place in the popular culture of the future?
We will never know the answer. Still, it makes for an interesting exercise to predict. When or if general knowledge of 20th century music narrows to 10 artists, who will it be? Five artists? Two?
Here are my best guesses. This was very difficult, though a very interesting process to go through. Compelling, even. How can I keep my aesthetics and hopes out of it? How long can a dead musical artist remain in memory based on the force of their charisma or persona or being a major voice of their generation? I am actually less sure about my guesses now that I’ve thought them through. Perhaps I’ll write another post about the process.
I’d love to know, what are your versions of these lists?
The pace has slowed considerably since then, so it was a little thrill to get a photo of me and Karly performing in downtown Eugene for Summer In the City.
It’s very difficult to photograph dancers so they look like they are dancing. At least one of them, usually me, looks as if they are just standing there. This is one of the first photos of me dancing where it really looks like I’m dancing. Thanks, Kevin Clark!
|
0.999759 |
Stephen is an avid hiker who has explored, and continues to explore, the many trails in his home province of Newfoundland and Labrador.
The East Coast Trail is a system of 26 developed paths that run 300km along the east coast of Newfoundland, Canada, from Portugal Cove at the north end to Cappahayden at the south. Fom the beautiful and Historic capital city of St. John's the hiker can take the trail north from Quidi Vidi Village, on the Sugarloaf Path, or south from Fort Amherst on Deadman's Bay path. Connecting more than 30 picturesque coastal communities the trail leads the hiker past panaramic ocean vistas, to incredible natural geographical features such as sea stacks, fjords, rugged cliffs and headlands, and a wave-driven geyser called the spout. In the spring one can sea icebergs as they drift south along the coast. The hiker may also be lucky enough to see whales breaching or seals sunning themselves on the rocks. Other wildlife that may be encountered includes squirrels, foxes, moose, and caribou, as well as a large assortment of seabirds, including the famous puffin. Other attractions include two active archaeological dig sites, a 50 metre suspension bridge on the La Manche Village path, a number of abandoned settlements, and several lighthouses.
Paths are listed in order from St. John's, first heading North from Quidi Vidi Village, then south from Fort Amherst.
The Spout Path is one of the 26 paths that make up the East Coast Trail system. It is 16.3Km long, plus a 6.4km access route for a total of 22.7km, and runs from the Goulds to Bay Bulls. Along this strenuous path the hiker will encounter a wave-powered geyser called the Spout, for which the path was named, as well as a historic lighthouse, 5 waterfalls, sea stacks, and large stretches of rugged coastline and dramatic sea cliffs. Like many of the paths on the East Coast trail this path can be broken into smaller segments. In this article we will be looking at the segment from Bay Bulls to the lighthouse.
The town of Bay Bulls is a picturesque and historic community located 31.6km (19.6 miles) from the city of St. John's, and is the location of the south trailhead for the Spout Path. From this trailhead it is a 3.5km hike over moderate to difficult terrain to the lighthouse. There are no exit points from this trail ( there is an old service road that leads from the lighthouse to the start of the trail but it is in extremely bad repair and is washed out in many places, and is not recommended) so if planning a hike to the lighthouse the hiker must prepare for a 7km round trip. This should take the average hiker around 2 to 3 hours to complete. A good pair of hiking shoes or boots is strongly recommended. As well one should take along plenty of water, snacks such as energy bars or trail mix, appropriate clothing, a first-aid kit, a lighter or matches, a flashlight, a pocket knife or multi-tool such as a Gerber, sun protection, toilet paper, insect repellent, and any other supplies that may seem pertinent. It may be only a short hike but it is three and half kiometers into the wilderness over rough terrain, and, as they say, it is better to have it and not need it than to need it and not have it.
From St. John's one would take Old Bay Bulls Road to the Southern Shore Highway to Bay Bulls. Once in Bay Bulls take St. John's Road half a kilometre to Northside Road, which runs along the north side of the Bay Bulls harbour. Follow Northside Road 2.5km to where it becomes dirt road. Take the dirt road to the Holy Trinity Cemetery where there is some limited parking. Alternativily vehicles can be parked along the paved road and the hiker can walk in the couple of hundred metres of gravel road.
The trailhead is located just past the Holy Trinity Cemetery and directly across from the old Holy Trinity Cemetery. The old cemetery was in use during the later half of the nineteenth and early part of the twentieth century. It is also the site of the old Holy Trinity Anglican Church which was erected there in 1864, and served the Anglican Parisioners of Bay Bulls for over 100 years, until it was torn down in 1969.
Starting out from the trail head is a fairly easy hike along side the harbour to Gunners Cove. Beyond this the trail gets more challenging, with some narrow areas, steep inclines, small water crossings, and difficult terrain. The hiker is assisted through much of this by trail enhancements such as boardwalks, and wood footholds attached to the rock where there is a steep climb over bedrock. The trail follows the coastline along Useless Bay affording the hiker an almost uninterrupted panoramic view of the Atlantic ocean, the bay, and coastline. One of the more interesting natural formations that will be encountered along this trail is a sea stack known as the Pulpit. The hiker will also pass through an area called the Flats where the steep seaside cliffs give way to flat rock that gently slopes into the ocean.
The hiker will also encounter a wide varity of indigenous plant life including the official flower of Newfoundland, the Pitcher Plant. There are also large expanses of Blueberry bushes that, in season, can provide the hiker with a delicious, nutural trail side snack. One will also see trees that have had their growth stunted by the harsh weather and terrain, and their shape bent and twisted by the incessant winds off the sea. Particularly beautiful in the fall, when their colour has turned to shades of orange and red, are the ferns that cover the fields from Columbine Point to the lighthouse.
From Bay Bulls to the lighthouse; an incredible hike along 3.5km of wilderness trail and beautiful coastal vistas. A great way to spend a sunny afternoon with friends or family, perhaps enjoy a picnic at the lighthouse or a day of berry picking, soaking up the amazing Newfoundland outdoors, and the fantastic East Coast Trail.
Using walking poles while hiking helps reduce stress on the knees, ankles, hips, and back. They also help turn a walk into an upper body workout by using the muscles of the arms, shoulders, chest, and upper back. The Campteck poles with multiple tips for different terrain, as well as attachments for snow, are an excellent choice at a great price.
I would like to do a 7-8 day hike on the East Coast Trail. Are there any B & B's or inns along the way that could be utilized?
There are a number of B & B's and inns in the communities all along the East Coast Trail, and it is possible to hike from one to another with the right amount of planning. There is also a hiking program called "Trail Connections," whereby you can stay 2-4 days with each host, and use that as a central location from which to hike: www.trailconnections.ca.
|
0.99842 |
VAT number: do we all have it, or do I have to ask for it?
Yes, normally you have a VAT position if you are "autónomo", but in Spain it will be the same as your DNI, so I think you can already provide it, though you have nt asked for a VAT position yet.
I did not read very carefully and I understood you were not autonomo yet: in case you already are, of course you have a VAT number, it is the number you use to invoice.
In Spain, you just use your NIF. If you're dealing with an EU company outside Spain you need to register using a 036 form at Hacienda as an "operador intracomunitario". The number you get is simply an ES followed by your NIF, but if you register it means that your number appears on the EU site http://europa.eu.int/comm/taxation_customs/vies/es/vieshome.htm which companies check before they agree not to charge you VAT. Even if you're not dealing with an EU company, it's worth registering now, as although the process is very simple it takes Hacienda more than a week to process the number, and you may need it in a hurry at a later date.
|
0.959592 |
:"For opposition to all forms of government, social hierarchy or authority, see Anarchism. For other meanings see also radical, extremism, far-right and far-left. Radicalism as a political movement should be distinguished from the modern American usage of radical merely to denote political extremes of right or left."
The term Radical (Latin "radix" meaning root) was used during the late 18th century for proponents of the Radical Movement and has since been used as a label in political science. It can be described for those favoring or trying to produce thorough political reforms which include dramatic changes to the social order of a society. Historically, early radical aims of liberty and electoral reform in Great Britain widened with the American Revolution and French Revolution so that some "radicals" sought republicanism, abolition of titles, redistribution of property and freedom of the press. Initially identifying itself as a far left party opposed to the liberal Orleanists, the Legitimists and the Bonapartists in France in the nineteenth century, the Republican, Radical and Radical‐Socialist Party progressively became the most important party of the Third Republic (1871 – 1940). As historical Radicalism became absorbed in the development of political liberalism, in the later 19th century in both the United Kingdom and continental Europe the term Radical came to denote a progressive liberal ideology.
According to "Encyclopedia Britannica" the first use of the word "Radical" in a political sense is generally ascribed to the English whig parliamentarian Charles James Fox. In 1797, Fox declared for a "radical reform" of the electoral system drastically expanding the franchise to the point of universal manhood suffrage. This led to a general use of the term to identify all supporting the movement for parliamentary reform. The "Britannica" biography of Fox mentions his dismissal from the Privy Council in 1798 for reaffirming the doctrine of the sovereignty of the people in a public speech. However, the biography does not describe the specifics of Fox's declaration. Fox was no democrat: he would never have countenanced the notion that property would be safe in a democratic society in which the property-less voters would obviously be in a majority. Fox stated his view as being that property was the true foundation of aristocracy, and a country best prospered whose government was in such hands. These sentiments appear to be at odds with the Radical cause, but at this time parliament operated on shifting patronage rather than party lines, and Fox was noted for inconsistencies.
The word was first used in a political sense in 18th century Great Britain. Initially confined to the upper and middle classes, in the early 19th century "popular radicals" brought artisans and the "labouring classes" into widespread agitation in the face of harsh government repression. More respectable "Philosophical radicals" followed the utilitarian philosophy of Jeremy Bentham and strongly supported parliamentary reform, but were generally hostile to the arguments and tactics of the "popular radicals". By the middle of the century parliamentary Radicals joined with others in the Parliament of the United Kingdom to form the Liberal Party, eventually achieving reform of the electoral system.
The Radical movement had its beginnings at a time of tension between the American colonies and Great Britain, with the first Radicals, angry at the state of the House of Commons, drawing on the Leveller tradition and similarly demanding improved parliamentary representation. These earlier concepts of democratic and even egalitarian reform had emerged in the turmoil of the English Civil War and the brief establishment of the republican Commonwealth of England amongst the vague political grouping known as the Levellers, but with the English Restoration of the monarchy such ideas had been discredited. Although the Glorious Revolution of 1688 had increased parliamentary power with a constitutional monarchy and the union of the parliaments brought England and Scotland together, towards the end of the 18th century the monarch still had considerable influence over the Parliament of Great Britain which itself was dominated by the English aristocracy and by patronage. Candidates for the House of Commons stood as Whigs or Tories, but once elected formed shifting coalitions of interests rather than splitting along party lines. At general elections the vote was restricted to property owners, in constituencies which were out of date and did not reflect the growing importance of manufacturing towns or shifts of population, so that in many rotten boroughs seats could be bought or were controlled by rich landowners, while major cities remained unrepresented. Discontent with these inequities inspired those individuals who later became known as the "Radical Whigs".
William Beckford fostered early interest in reform in the London area. The "Middlesex radicals" were led by the politician John Wilkes, an opponent of war with the colonies who started his weekly publication "The North Briton" in 1764 and within two years had been charged with seditious libel and expelled from the House of Commons. The Society for the Defence of the Bill of Rights he started in 1769 to support his re‐election developed the belief that every man had the right to vote and "natural reason" enabling him to properly judge political issues. Liberty consisted in frequent elections. For the first time middle‐class radicals obtained the backing of the London "mob". Middlesex and Westminster were among the few parliamentary constituencies with a large and socially diverse electorate including many artisans as well as the middle class and aristocracy, and along with the county association of Yorkshire led by the Reverend Christopher Wyvill were at the forefront of reform activity. The writings of what became known as the "Radical Whigs" had an influence on the American Revolution.
Major John Cartwright also supported the colonists, even as the American Revolutionary War began, and in 1776 earned the title of the "Father of Reform" when he published his pamphlet "Take Your Choice!" advocating annual parliaments, the secret ballot and manhood suffrage.
In 1780 a draft programme of reform was drawn up by Charles James Fox and Thomas Brand Hollis, and put forward by a sub‐committee of the electors of Westminster. This included calls for the six points later adopted in the "People's Charter" (see Chartists below).
The American Revolutionary War ended in humiliating defeat of a policy which King George III had fervently advocated, and in March 1782 the King was forced to appoint an administration led by his opponents which sought to curb Royal patronage. In November 1783 he took his opportunity and used his influence in the House of Lords to defeat a Bill to reform the British East India Company, dismissed the government and appointed William Pitt the Younger as his Prime Minister. Pitt had previously called for Parliament to begin to reform itself, but he did not press for long for reforms the King did not like. Proposals Pitt made in April 1785 to redistribute seats from the "rotten boroughs" to London and the counties were defeated in the House of Commons by 248 votes to 174.
In the wake of the French Revolution, Thomas Paine's "The Rights of Man" (1791), written as a response to Burke's counterrevolutionary essay "Reflections on the Revolution in France" (1790), encouraged mass support for democratic reform along with rejection of the monarchy, aristocracy, and all forms of privilege. Different strands of the movement developed, with middle class "reformers" aiming to widen the franchise to represent commercial and industrial interests and towns without parliamentary representation, while "Popular radicals" drawn from the middle class and from artisans agitated to assert wider rights including relieving distress. The theoretical basis for electoral reform was provided by "Philosophical radicals" who followed the utilitarian philosophy of Jeremy Bentham and strongly supported parliamentary reform, but were generally hostile to the arguments and tactics of the "popular radicals".
Popular Radicals were quick to go further than Paine, with Newcastle schoolmaster Thomas Spence demanding land nationalisation to redistribute wealth in a penny periodical he called "Pig's Meat" in a reference to Edmund Burke's phrase "the swinish multitude". Radical organisations sprang up, such as the London Corresponding Society of artisans formed in January 1792 under the leadership of the shoemaker Thomas Hardy to call for the vote. One such was the Scottish "Friends of the People" society which in October 1793 held a "British Convention" in Edinburgh with delegates from some of the English "corresponding societies". They issued a manifesto demanding universal male suffrage with annual elections and expressing their support for the principles of the French Revolution. The numbers involved in these movements were small, and most wanted reform rather than revolution, but for the first time working men were organising for political change.
The government reacted harshly, imprisoning leading Scottish radicals, temporarily suspending habeas corpus in England and passing laws prohibiting public meetings and demonstrations. Throughout the Napoleonic Wars the government took extensive stern measures against feared domestic unrest. The corresponding societies ended, but some radicals continued in secret, with Irish sympathisers in particular forming secret societies to overturn the government and encourage mutinies. In 1812 Major John Cartwright formed the first Hampden Club, named after the English Civil War Parliamentary leader John Hampden, aiming to bring together middle class moderates and lower class radicals.
After the Napoleonic Wars, the Corn laws (in force between 1815 and 1846) and bad harvests fostered discontent. The publications of William Cobbett were influential, and at political meetings speakers like Henry Hunt complained that only three men in a hundred had the vote. Writers like the radicals William Hone and Thomas Jonathan Wooler spread dissent with publications such as "The Black Dwarf" in defiance of a series of government acts to curb circulation of political literature. Radical riots in 1816 and 1817 were followed by the Peterloo massacre of 1819 publicised by Richard Carlile who then continued to fight for press freedom from prison. The Six Acts of 1819 limited the right to demonstrate or hold public meetings. In Scotland agitation over three years culminated in an attempted general strike and abortive workers' uprising crushed by government troops in the "Radical War" of 1820. Magistrates powers were increased to crush demonstrations by manufacturers and action by radical Luddites.
To counter the established Church of England doctrine that the aristocratic social order was divinely ordained, radicals supported Lamarckian Evolutionism, a theme proclaimed by street corner agitators as well as some established scientists such as Robert Edmund Grant.
Economic conditions improved after 1821 and the United Kingdom government made economic and criminal law improvements, abandoning policies of repression. In 1823 Jeremy Bentham co‐founded the "Westminster Review" with James Mill as a journal for "philosophical radicals", setting out the utilitarian philosophy that right actions were to be measured in proportion to the greatest good they achieved for the greatest number. Westminster elected two radicals to Parliament during the 1820s.
From 1836 working class Radicals unified around the Chartist cause of electoral reform expressed in the "People's Charter" drawn up by six members of Parliament and six from the London Working Men's Association (associated with Owenite Utopian socialism), which called for six points: Universal suffrage, equal‐sized electoral districts, secret ballot, an end to property qualification for Parliament, pay for Members of Parliament and Annual Parliaments. Chartists also expressed economic grievances, but their mass demonstrations and petitions to parliament were unsuccessful.
Despite initial disagreements, after their failure their cause was taken up by the middle class Anti-Corn Law League founded by Richard Cobden and John Bright in 1839 to oppose duties on imported grain which raised the price of food and so helped landowners at the expense of ordinary people.
The parliamentary Radicals joined with the Whigs and anti-protectionist Tory Peelites to form the Liberal Party by 1859. Demand for parliamentary reform increased by 1864 with agitation from John Bright and the Reform League.
When the Liberal government led by Lord Russell and William Ewart Gladstone introduced a modest bill for parliamentary reform, it was defeated by both Tories and reform Liberals, forcing the government to resign. The Tories under Lord Derby and Benjamin Disraeli took office, and the new government decided to “dish the Whigs” and “take a leap in the dark” to take the credit for the reform. As a minority government they had to accept radical amendments, and Disraeli's Reform Act of 1867 almost doubled the electorate, giving the vote even to working men.
The Radicals, having been strenuous in their efforts on behalf of the working classes, earned a deeply loyal following; British trade unionists from 1874 until 1892, upon being elected to Parliament, never considered themselves to be anything other than Radicals, and were labeled Lib-Lab candidates. Radical trade unionists formed the basis for what would later become the Labour Party.
In the aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars it was technically illegal in France to openly advocate republicanism until 1848, so republicans usually called themselves "radicals" and the term "radical" came to mean a republican (who, by definition, supported universal manhood suffrage). From 1869 a faction, led by Georges Clemenceau, calling themselves Radicals claimed to be the true heirs of the French revolutionary tradition and drifted away from the moderate republicanism of Léon Gambetta. At Montmartre in 1881 they put forward a programme of broad social reforms. At that time, Radicals located themselves on the far left of the political board, opposed to the "Republican opportunists" (Gambetta), the liberal Orleanists, the Legitimists (both monarchist factions) and the Bonapartists.
These radicals then formed the Radical-Socialist Party (or Republican, Radical and Radical-Socialist Party, to give it its full name) in 1901, which was the first French left wing modern party. Four years later, the socialist French Section of the Second International (SFIO) party was formed by the fusion of Jean Jaurès's and Jules Guesde's rival tendencies; and the French Communist Party (PCF) was created in 1920. The Radical Socialist Party continued to be the main party of the Third Republic (1871 – 1940), but was discredited after the war due to the role of Radical members of the National Assembly in voting for the establishment of the Vichy regime. The Democratic and Socialist Union of the Resistance was established after World War 2 to combine the politics of French radicalism with credibility derived from members' activism in the French resistance.
Opposing Gaullism and the Christian Democrat People's Republican Movement (MNR), Pierre Mendès-France tried to anchor the Radicals to the left wing. Although he managed to put an end to the First Indochina War through the Geneva Accords signed in 1954 with North Vietnam's Premier Pham Van Dong, he finally left the party in 1961 to join the Unified Socialist Party (PSU) which advocated workers' self-management, while the Radical Party split into the more conservative Radical Party "valoisien", the legal successor of the Radical Party, and a faction advocating alliance with the left, named the Left Radical Party. The "Parti radical valoisien" moved to the center right and affiliated itself first with the pro-Giscard d'Estaing UDF, then with the conservative Union for a Popular Movement (UMP), while the Left Radical Party, which claims to be the political heir of the Republican Radicals, has close ties to the Socialist Party.
In continental Europe and Latin America, as, for instance, in Italy, Spain, Chile and Argentina, Radicalism developed as an ideology in the 19th century to indicate those who supported, at least in theory, a republican form of government, universal male suffrage, and, particularly, supported anti-clerical policies. In northern and central European countries, like Germany this current is known as Freisinn ("Free Mind" — German Freeminded Party from 1884 to 1893, then Eugen Richter's Freeminded People's Party — and the Free Democratic Party of Switzerland). However, by the twentieth century at the latest, radicalism, which did not advocate particularly radical economic policies, had been overtaken as the principal ideology of the left by the growing popularity of socialism, and had become an essentially centrist political movement (as far as "radicalism" survived as a distinct political ideology at all).
|
0.999999 |
Complete each sentence in column A using a set of answers in column B.
6. The water is boiling.
|
0.99992 |
I'm sorry to hear that you have been troubled with fertility issues. Yes, PCOS can result in difficulty conceiving, and this is usually because you don't ovulate regularly, hence unable to predict when the next ovulation will occur. There are medications available that can help with this. If you are able to ovulate with medication but still unable to get pregnant, then the cause for the infertility may not be PCOS related. I would suggest speaking to your fertility doctor about this and he/she will be able to suggest other tests (if clinically relevant) to do. PCOS is also associated with insulin resistance and diabetes and I would recommend getting screened for diabetes before you try to conceive.
|
0.935385 |
The Ducks have acquired defenseman Lubomir Visnovsky from the Edmonton Oilers in exchange for defenseman Ryan Whitney and a sixth-round selection in the 2010 NHL Entry Draft.
Visnovsky will be available to join the Ducks for practice Thursday.
The 33-year-old (8/11/76), appeared in 57 games with the Oilers this season, collecting 10-22=32 points with 56 penalty minutes (PIM). He led all club defensemen and ranked third overall in scoring. In addition, he currently ranks tied for seventh among league defensemen in goals. He appeared in his 600th career NHL contest on Feb. 4 at Minnesota. Visnovsky recently appeared in his fourth career Olympic Winter Games (1998-2010), representing his native Slovakia. In seven contests in Vancouver, Visnovsky earned 2-1=3 points, helping Slovakia to a fourth-place finish.
"I’m very happy to come to the Ducks and to come back to California," Visnovsky told reporters via conference call this afternoon. "Anaheim is in 11th place right now and they’re three points out of the playoffs. I looked at the schedule and we play more games at home, which will be good for us. Anaheim is great offensively and has great forwards, a lot of great players. I’ll try to help this team get into the playoffs."
The 5-10, 188-pound blueliner had a career year in 2005-06 when he put up 17-50=67 points in 80 contests with the Los Angeles Kings. He scored his first career hat trick on Nov. 2, 2005 at Dallas and ranked tied for fourth in scoring among league defensemen that season. Visnovsky was the first defenseman in Kings history to lead the club in scoring. He was named to the NHL All-Star Game the next season (2006-07). Visnovsky was acquired by the Oilers from Los Angeles on June 29, 2008 in exchange for Jarret Stoll and Matt Greene.
"I know the area, I know the weather and I have lots of friends in Southern California," Visnovsky said. "It will be easier for me and for my family. And I know a lot of the guys because I’ve had lots of games against Anaheim when I was in L.A."
Selected by Los Angeles in the fourth round (118th overall) of the 2000 NHL Entry Draft, the Topolcany, Slovakia native was a member of the NHL All-Rookie Team in 2001 after notching 7-32=39 points in 81 contests with Los Angeles. In 606 career NHL contests, Visnovsky has collected 88-254=342 points with 260 PIM and a +13 rating. Prior to his NHL career, Visnovsky played six seasons (1994-00) with HC Slovan Bratislava, scoring 67-73=140 points in 243 games. He has been named Slovkia’s best defenseman on six separate occasions (1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2005) and was voted Slovakia’s best player in 2005.
Whitney, 27 (2/19/83), has scored 4-24=28 points in 62 games with Anaheim this season, ranking second in scoring among club defensemen. He was a member of the silver medal-winning Team USA squad at the Olympic Winter Games last month, appearing in all six contests. In 335 career NHL games, he has scored 38-150=189 points. In 2008, he helped Pittsburgh to a Stanley Cup Final appearance, eventually falling to the Detroit Red Wings in six games. Selected by Pittsburgh in the first round (fifth overall) of the 2002 NHL Entry Draft, Whitney was acquired by Anaheim from the Penguins in exchange for Chris Kunitz and Eric Tangradi on Feb. 26, 2009.
|
0.999958 |
Provide recommendations for addressing the gaps.
The JCIDS analysis process leads to an approved Initial Capabilities Document (ICD) which is built upon the CBA. The CBA does not provide specific recommendations as to a particular materiel solution, but rather provides a more general recommendation as to the type of materiel solution (such as Information Technology system, incremental improvement to an existing capability, or an entirely new “breakout” or other transformational capability). In this way, the ICD can be used to establish boundary conditions for the scope of alternatives to be considered in the subsequent Analysis of Alternatives (AoA).
The CBA should define the operational framework and the Combatant Commander’s priorities sufficiently to guide development of alternative materiel and sustainment solutions. It should also provide affordability advice to the Planning, Programing, Budget and Execution (PPBE) Process.
|
0.998667 |
Cryptocurrencies, especially Bitcoin, the most famous, are the hot topic of the moment. In light of the shutdown of the most popular Bitcoin exchange in the world, Mt. Gox, and a loss of an estimated US$ 400 million worth of Bitcoins, it’s important to take another look at digital currencies, their pitfalls, and their relevance for financial inclusion. Hailed by many as the greatest monetary innovation of our time and by others as nothing but “libertarian exuberance,” cryptocurrencies show the opportunity that exists for financial transactions, especially international transactions, to move from cash to digital form. As someone working in financial inclusion, I have been wondering whether cryptocurrencies have any role to play in the critical path toward greater inclusion, which ultimately requires lower dependency on cash for low-income consumers.
Other cryptocurrencies abound—Dodgecoin, Litecoin, and Ripple are a few of the others—but Bitcoin, which launched in 2009, is the first decentralized mainstream P2P payment network and digital currency. Independent from hard, government-backed fiat currencies, Bitcoin is an internet-based, software dependent, inflation immune currency that can be purchased with cash and exchanged for services or goods with merchants who accept it. The market supply of Bitcoin is fixed at 21 million, meaning that once 21 million “coins” are in existence, the cash value will be fully determined by demand. In the last four years, the popularity of Bitcoin in developed economies has increased considerably, not necessarily because it’s an easier medium of exchange but because it is new, interesting, a source of revenue for Bitcoin miners and speculators, and because it decreases the costs retailers incur from accepting credit card payments. For example, Overstock.com is the first large online retailer to accept Bitcoins, in an effort to minimize the costs incurred from credit card transactions.
Does Bitcoin have any relevance for low and middle-income countries? As in developed economies, for P2P and P2C payments, its greatest benefit is in significantly decreasing the cost of sending remittances to friends and family. Bitcoin transactions are free, meaning remittance senders do not incur significant money transmitter fees.
The challenges to Bitcoin in particular, and cryptocurrencies in general, are substantial. It will be a while before Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies will be able to substantially help advance financial inclusion in developing countries. In the short-term, Bitcoin might take a significant chunk out of the profits of money transmitters and will definitely underline the appetite for monetary and payments innovation.
Bitcoin transactions are public, traceable, and permanently stored in the Bitcoin network. For example, once someone uses a Bitcoin stored in their wallet, anyone can trace that Bitcoin’s movement in the market, see all the transactions conducted using the specific address, and the address’s current balance (basically how much money a given person is holding in their Bitcoin wallet). This poses security concerns for consumers who may not fully understand how Bitcoin works. Banking data privacy rules protect individuals from misuse of their data, but no such rules govern Bitcoin exchanges. To increase security, various measures that the Bitcoin owner is fully responsible for are recommended, making it cumbersome and difficult for people to safely transact in Bitcoin.
Cryptocurrencies are, for now at least, an esoteric subject. The very concept behind them makes them inaccessible to most people, but the fact that they are independent of a specific currency and not backed by any government, will make most people, especially non-techy and risk averse ones, reluctant to use them. As demonstrated by CGAP’s infographic comparing Bitcoin and M-PESA, the transaction process for Bitcoin vs. mobile money is quite complex and although users don’t necessarily need to understand the full process to be able to use it, it’s in their interest to do so.
Cryptocurrencies can significantly decrease the cost of remittances, but once they are sent to someone’s wallet, this person can only use them if they are accepted as a medium for payment by other people and businesses. Otherwise they have to be exchanged for cash, which in developing economies and for low-income consumers is quite difficult. The process of exchanging Bitcoin for cash can either involve a Bitcoin Exchange where a person has to sell the Bitcoin to someone through an intermediary who then deposits the cash in a bank account or an innovator such as Bitpesa. These transactions require a small fee, most often lower than what money transmitters generally charge. In Bitpesa’s case, regulation has prevented it from officially launching operations.
Last but not least, Bitcoin transactions are irreversible. Once the user approves a purchase or transaction, the transaction takes about 10 minutes to execute, during which it is still reversible. Once entered in the Bitcoin public ledger (the network history of all transactions), the transaction is no longer reversible. If someone makes a mistake and enters the wrong address, for example, there is no way to get the cash back. As no banks or payments providers are involved in the process, the sender is at the recipient’s mercy (if they can figure out who the recipient is). By contrast, regulated payment systems are required to have robust error correction capabilities.
The success of mobile based payments systems such as M-PESA was in large part due to enabling regulatory frameworks. I doubt cryptocurrencies will be met with the same level of government support. The United States and other countries, such as Australia, are increasing their monitoring of Bitcoin in an effort to minimize black market activity. This intersection of the virtual with the physical is where governments and regulators will have a lot to say, and the likelihood they will be open and enabling seems lower by the day, posing significant challenges to the mobility and practicality of cryptocurrencies.
All in all, I have to agree with the skeptics that Bitcoin, and cryptocurrencies in general, don’t hold much potential for advancing financial inclusion at this time. That said, many cryptocurrencies exist already and it’s possible that a future one, constructed better than Bitcoin, will tell a different story. What we can learn from Bitcoin for now, is that there is an appetite for monetary innovation that will make the world less dependent on cash, decrease the cost of transactions, and increase the mobility of money. Emerging markets are in great need of such innovations, but as we work to advance financial inclusion, it is important to make sure that the tools we use will not intimidate consumers or leave them vulnerable, but rather encourage them to become less dependent on cash.
|
0.849774 |
Is there such a thing? Can a story have too much tension?
One way to check is to read a story or see a movie that is a thriller. Try to choose something where the action starts at the beginning and never lets up. A good example is the movie Ben is Back starring Julia Roberts. The tension runs from beginning to end, with no let up. There is no scene in which the characters are not frightened or concerned or worried or frantic.
As a viewer, I was in overload after twenty minutes. I wanted some sort of release. There is one scene in which it was possible to have that release, but the camera focused on Ben and what he was feeling.
Your task is to write a scene in which tension is constant. Choose a setting that is appropriate for that level of tension. It could be a bank robbery, a kidnapping, an attempt at escape, running from evil (or from the law). Keep the focus on the emotions of your main characters.
When you are finished, reread or ask someone else to read. How do you feel as you read? Is there too much tension or the right amount considering the setting?
Next rewrite the scene with moments in which there are lighter actions. Then reread.
|
0.776888 |
Exposure of CD8 T cells to their cognate antigen elicits a proliferative response that leads to generation of a population of effector T (TE) cells ready to fight the offending pathogen. During this proliferative phase, T cells rely on glycolytic metabolism, a metabolic predilection promoted by cytokines, such as interleukin-2 (IL-2). Although most of the TE cells die during the contraction phase that follows resolution of the infection, a minority differentiate into long-lived memory T (TM) cells, which provide an immunological memory that facilitates subsequent responses to the pathogen (see Prlic and Bevan). Two groups now present evidence that pathways implicated in cellular metabolism also play a critical role in TM cell generation. Pearce et al. found that mouse CD8 T cells lacking tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor–associated factor 6 (TRAF6, an adaptor protein that acts as a negative regulator of T cell activation) proliferated normally in response to antigen, but their generation of TM cells (and mouse response to reinfection) was impaired. Microarray analyses indicated that, 10 days post infection, the TRAF6-deficient T cells had defects in the expression of genes involved in fatty acid metabolism and other metabolic pathways. Unlike wild-type CD8 T cells, the TRAF6-deficient cells failed to respond to withdrawal of IL-2 with increased fatty acid oxidation (FAO), and they showed decreased activation of AMP-activated kinase (AMPK). Treatment with the antidiabetic drug metformin, which activates AMPK, enabled FAO oxidation after IL-2 withdrawal in TRAF6-deficient cells. Furthermore, metformin promoted the in vivo generation of both wild-type and TRAF6-deficient TM cells, as well as the response to reinfection, as did inhibition of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling with rapamycin, which also promotes FAO. It was intriguing that metformin treatment enhanced the efficacy of an anticancer vaccine.
In the second study, Araki et al. were surprised to find that rapamycin (used as an immunosuppressive drug) decreased the contraction of mouse CD8 T cells following the response to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection. Moreover, CD8 TM cells generated in the presence of rapamycin had a phenotype associated with superior function compared to that of TM cells generated in its absence. Rapamycin administration during the proliferation phase (days 1 to 8) increased the number of memory cell precursors (the cells that survive and give rise to long-lived TM cells), whereas treatment during the contraction phase (days 8 to 35) affected the phenotype. Similar effects were seen in the mouse response to viruslike particles and in Rhesus macaques. Experiments in which different elements of the mTOR pathway were knocked down in CD8 T cells, which were then transferred into naïve mice, indicated that the response was intrinsic to CD8 T cells and implicated not only mTOR and the mTOR complex 1 component raptor, but also the downstream effectors S6K1 and eIF4E. Thus, both papers implicate cellular metabolic pathways in the generation of CD8 TM cells, and raise the possibility of manipulating such pathways to enhance immunological memory.
|
0.99964 |
As a Laundry Assistant at the Good Samaritan Society, you'll help maintain a clean wardrobe and living space for residents. You have an appreciation for helping others and know the value of resident privacy. You're dedicated to keeping a clean workspace.
You're a good fit if: You have a good work ethic, are a great communicator and know your way around a commercial laundry room.
What you'll do: Your core role will be to launder clothing and linens, which includes washing, drying, folding, hanging and delivering clothing to its owners.
You'll be an advocate for resident privacy, both in their residence and in your workspace. You'll work to keep laundry facilities clean, documenting your work each day. You'll follow procedures for sanitizing equipment, floors and storage areas to eliminate the risk of contamination. In resident rooms, you'll help maintain an orderly closet and drawers, and respect their laundering decisions.
Minimum of six months on-site/on-the-job training.
|
0.985212 |
What is Shiatsu and how can it help me?
Shiatsu is a highly effective Japanese form of therapeutic bodywork and physical manipulation using a combination of meridian massage and acupressure. Shiatsu is traditionally received whilst wearing loose clothing and lying on the floor on a padded mat, or futon; although many practitioners are now adapting their technique and are working on massage couches. It is not only a deeply relaxing experience but also a truly holistic therapy, working on our physical structure and also on an energetic level to stimulate harmony in body, mind and spirit. Regular Shiatsu sessions may help to prevent the build up of stress in our daily lives.
|
0.973411 |
How can I log, modify or override the query statement used in all freeform queries?
DataPA OpenAnalytics provides a hook on the server that allows you to intercept and modify the query statement before any freeform query is executed by the AppServer. This allows the administrator to add code to the server to log, modify or override any freeform query statement before it is executed on a particular AppServer.
Add a new internal procedure called PAManageQuery to an existing or new Progress procedure file (.p) that logs, modifies or overrides the query string.
Ensure the Progress procedure file that contains the PAManageQuery internal procedure is added to the super procedure stack of the AppServer.
DEFINE INPUT-OUTPUT PARAMETER ipcString AS CHARACTER NO-UNDO.
Once your progress procedure file is added to the super procedure stack of the AppServer (see below), this procedure will be each time BEFORE a freeform query is run, passing in the query string the query will use. If you make any changes to the query string in this procedure, these changes will be reflected in the query that is executed.
MESSAGE ""PAManageQuery: "" + ipcString.
Creating a generic procedure to add a condition for each table in any freeform query can be complex, as it requires code to intelligently parse the query string. The following function and procedure can be very useful in achieving this, but should you need further assistance, please feel free to raise a support ticket by mailing [email protected].
DEFINE VARIABLE cPrevious AS CHARACTER NO-UNDO.
DEFINE VARIABLE iCount AS INTEGER NO-UNDO.
DEFINE VARIABLE cDelimiter AS CHARACTER NO-UNDO.
DEFINE VARIABLE cTableList AS CHARACTER NO-UNDO.
RUN PATokeniseQuery (INPUT-OUTPUT ipcstring, INPUT cDelimiter).
cTableList = REPLACE(TRIM(ENTRY(3,ipcString,cDelimiter)),"","","" "") NO-ERROR.
IF ERROR-STATUS:ERROR THEN RETURN ERROR.
cTableList = cTableList + cDelimiter + ENTRY(iCount + 1,ipcString,cDelimiter) NO-ERROR.
cPrevious = ENTRY(iCount, ipcString, cDelimiter) NO-ERROR.
DEFINE INPUT-OUTPUT PARAMETER iopcString AS CHARACTER NO-UNDO.
DEFINE INPUT PARAMETER ipcDelimiter AS CHARACTER NO-UNDO.
DEFINE VARIABLE cTemp AS CHARACTER NO-UNDO.
DEFINE VARIABLE cchr AS CHARACTER NO-UNDO.
DEFINE VARIABLE cChar AS CHARACTER NO-UNDO.
DEFINE VARIABLE lLastDelim AS LOGICAL NO-UNDO.
DEFINE VARIABLE iCnt AS INTEGER NO-UNDO.
DEFINE VARIABLE lInQuote AS LOGICAL NO-UNDO.
DEFINE VARIABLE lInQuote1 AS LOGICAL NO-UNDO.
DEFINE VARIABLE lLiteral AS LOGICAL NO-UNDO.
THEN lInQuote = NOT lInQuote.
THEN lInQuote1 = NOT lInQuote1.
IF NOT lInQuote AND NOT lInQuote1 AND cChar = "" ""
cTemp = cTemp + ipcDelimiter.
cTemp = cTemp + cChar.
lLiteral = (cChar = CHR(126)).
it can be changed on the server.
DEFINE INPUT-OUTPUT PARAMETER cQueryString AS CHARACTER.
DEFINE VARIABLE cTargetTables AS CHARACTER NO-UNDO INITIAL ""sports2000.Customer,sports2000.Order"".
DEFINE VARIABLE cAddCondition AS CHARACTER NO-UNDO INITIAL ""CAN-DO(DYNAMIC-FUNCTION('GetRepList', SESSION:SERVER-CONNECTION-CONTEXT), <TABLE-NAME>.SalesRep)"".
DEFINE VARIABLE cAllTableList AS CHARACTER NO-UNDO.
DEFINE VARIABLE ix AS INTEGER NO-UNDO.
DEFINE VARIABLE cTable AS CHARACTER NO-UNDO.
DEFINE VARIABLE cWorkString AS CHARACTER NO-UNDO.
DEFINE VARIABLE iy AS INTEGER NO-UNDO.
DEFINE VARIABLE cCurrentTable AS CHARACTER NO-UNDO.
DEFINE VARIABLE cToken AS CHARACTER NO-UNDO.
DEFINE VARIABLE cAndWhere AS CHARACTER NO-UNDO.
DEFINE VARIABLE lIncludesOr AS LOGICAL NO-UNDO.
cAddCondition = REPLACE(cAddCondition, ""CAN-DO(DYNAMIC-FUNCTION('GetRepList', SESSION:SERVER-CONNECTION-CONTEXT), <TABLE-NAME>.SalesRep)"", """""""" + CAN-DO(DYNAMIC-FUNCTION('GetRepList', SESSION:SERVER-CONNECTION-CONTEXT), <TABLE-NAME>.SalesRep) + """""""").
RUN PATokeniseQuery(INPUT-OUTPUT cWorkString, INPUT CHR(1)).
IF cTableList <> """" THEN cTableList = cTableList + "","".
cTableList = cTableList + cTable.
cCurrentTable = TRIM(REPLACE(TRIM(ENTRY(3,cWorkString,CHR(1))),"","","" "")) NO-ERROR.
IF cToken = ""OR"" THEN lIncludesOr = TRUE.
cQueryString = REPLACE(cQueryString,cCurrentTable + "" Where "",cCurrentTable + "" Where ("").
cToken = cAndWhere + "" "" + TRIM(REPLACE(cAddCondition,""<TABLE-NAME>"",cCurrentTable)) + "" BY"".
cToken = SUBSTRING(cToken,1,LENGTH(cToken) - 1) + "" "" + cAndWhere + "" "" + TRIM(REPLACE(cAddCondition,""<TABLE-NAME>"",cCurrentTable)) + "","".
cQueryString = cQueryString + cToken + "" "".
IF cToken = ""Where"" THEN cAndWhere = ""AND"".
cQueryString = cQueryString + "" "" + cAndWhere + "" "" + TRIM(REPLACE(cAddCondition,""<TABLE-NAME>"",cCurrentTable)).
cCurrentTable = TRIM(ENTRY(ix + 1,cWorkString,CHR(1))) NO-ERROR.
DEFINE INPUT PARAMETER startup-data AS CHARACTER NO-UNDO.
DEFINE VARIABLE hProc AS HANDLE NO-UNDO.
RUN OrderFunctions.p PERSISTENT SET hProc.
Save the procedure as startup.p somewhere in the PROPATH of the AppServer.
Enter startup.p in the Startup text box.
|
0.999963 |
A handful of us encountered two apparently hybrid sapsuckers (RBxRN) in the Prescott area today. I managed to get decent photographs of the first, which are attached, but not the second, which looked quite like the first. In any case, the consensus was we would love to hear from others with experience identifying birds like these.
The bird we saw at Banning Creek was just like the one pictured in Felipe's first photo.
The bit of black above the eye, and the narrow stripe of black above the white stripe from the bill towards the back of the neck are my hesitation for calling this Red-breasted rather than a hybrid. Do those bits of black eliminate a "southern" Red-breasted? I read through Chuck LaRue's links, but I'm still unsure.
"...in the Southern race of RBSA... the red of the head is invaded by a fair amount of white and black. Observers are sometimes confused by birds of this race, supposing them to represent some sort of hybrid."
referring to the northern race of RBSA (ruber) crossed with RNSA or YBSA: "The best distinction is chest pattern: the hybrids should always show a lot of black there;"
The fact that Felipe saw two very similar birds miles apart on the same day can change this discussion because it allows us to apply Occam's Razor.
The first question is did Felipe see two birds or one? I saw the second bird, but only saw the image of the first on a phone (and now on here). But the idea that the same bird could travel miles to the exact location Felipe would be a few hours later seems highly improbable.
So if we assume it is two birds and that those two are hybrids of two species, it seems the most likely scenario is that these birds are from the same brood. Yet, that it also seems highly improbable that Felipe would see those two birds on the same day—although more probable than it being the same bird. Even more improbable is that they are from different broods of the same two parents looking similar enough for Felipe to question them. Even more unlikely is that two sets of parents interbreeding had similar looking offspring.
All the scenarios involving hybrids of two species, while not impossible seem highly improbable.
However, if we assume that the two birds are hybrids of intra-species gene pools, the odds of Felipe seeing two birds the same day in crease exponentially. The fact is that we already have designated gene pools North and South varieties. No doubt, the varieties became distinct as a result of environmental pressures, etc. It is possible then that other environmental pressures are bringing the separate varieties back together again and result is the intra-species hybrid is the product. So instead of having a couple of similar looking birds, we may have a few dozen of similar looking birds.
It is also likely that these birds would migrate through the same general area at the same time, making it much more likely for Felipe to have seen two similar birds.
Here's a reply from Steve Shunk, author of the recently published "Peterson Reference Guide to Woodpeckers of North America" and one of the articles Chuck cited. Looks like it's all cleared up!
Your bird is right on the edge of what I might call a RB x RN hybrid. The plumage in the throat and chest is a little funky, so it's hard to say from these images alone. Considering the boldness of the facial striping and minimal red in the face: if there are solid black feathers showing through in the chest, it's a likely hybrid. Many southern RBSA have a "hidden" black breast-shield formed by feathers of the upper breast that have black bases and red tips. Because of the wear that occurs in breeding season, ID becomes more challenging then. Your bird should already be through its complete basic molt, but I can't quite tell about the breast with that throat puffed out. The rest of the plumage seems pretty fresh, but again, that's hard to tell from just these images. Other than the strongly RN-type face, I don't see any other indications of RN parentage.
Your location is perfect for migration of birds that breed in the small RB/RN contact zone in the SE Sierra Nevada and White Mtns. I would guess that these birds are the source of many of your state's RBSA/hybrid records. Though RBSA are generally not migratory, Prescott is close enough to this contact zone that a wandering "pure" RBSA is possible. But, because it's a contact zone, it may be equally likely that you could see a RB x RN hybrid. Welcome to my world!
I am probably getting more non-committal about these birds the more of them I see. They hybridize freely along the eastern slopes of the Cascades in OR and WA and to a lesser extent in the E Sierra Nevada. Many of the hybrids and nearly all of the RNSA migrate southward in winter. These 2 species are super closely related. I still support the science behind the current taxonomy, but the genetic situation makes field ID for birders problematic.
I would lean toward a hybrid with this bird, but if I were doing a CBC and only had these photos, I would probably list it as a RN/RB-type Sapsucker (I call these "reddish" sapsuckers .
The Reddish Sapsucker continues at Granite Basin Lake, as does a Pacific Wren. Other highlights included Williamson's Sapsuckers and Townsend's Solitaires.
Current time: 18 Apr 2019, 7:40 PM Powered By MyBB, © 2002-2019 MyBB Group. Theme created by Justin S.
|
0.999899 |
Is it possible to find the radius of an electron?
The honest answer would be, nobody knows yet. The current knowledge is that the electron seems to be a 'point particle' and has refused to show any signs of internal structure in all measurements. We have an upper limit on the radius of the electron, set by experiment, but that's about it. By our current knowledge, it is an elementary particle with no internal structure, and thus no 'size'.
|
0.99994 |
Aid Afghanistan for Education (AAE) has been working in the education sector for over two decades. AAE has been providing education to marginalized Afghan women and girls over the age of ten, who are denied access to the formal education system due to conflict age, marital status returnees without education documentation. AAE is guided by the indomitable spirit of Afghan women and children who, despite over 30 years of war and violence, are determined to build a bright and prosperous future for themselves and their families.
In 1995, AAE started working at the Afghan refugee camps in Pakistan with an education program and provided school supplies.
In 1999, AAE established five clandestine classrooms for 250 girls in Kabul during the Taliban regime, when girls were not allowed to be educated.
In 2003, AAE was registered with Afghanistan Ministry of Economy as a non-profit organization that provides various educational platforms. AAE currently operates 9 schools in five provinces, where more than 3000 marginalized women and girls attend classes.
|
0.970057 |
Plaintiff agreed to buy a majority of the shares of defendant's newspaper for $85,000. He made the first payment for $6,000 on time, the second for $20,000 a week late and $200 short, and the third payment of $59,000's check bounced. Plaintiff never paid, and defendant sold the stock to another buyer a year later for $20,680.
Trial court determined that defendant take $34,575.74 on his cross-complaint by subtracting all of plaintiff's payments of $29,744.26 and the subsequent sale's proceeds of $20,680 from the contract's agreed price. This was because the trial court found that defendant "spent all reasonable efforts in minimizing damages to plaintiff," and that plaintiff caused the stock's price to drop by breaching the contract.
Did defendant reasonably minimize the damage to plaintiff?
Defendant did not reasonably minimize damage because he did not try to sell the newspaper when plaintiff breached.
To minimize damages, defendant was required to accept plaintiff's offer to pay after his assets were released from receivership in his divorce.
[A] party injured by a breach of contract is required to do everything reasonably possible to minimize his own loss and thus reduce the damages for which the other party has become liable. . . . a person who has been injured by a breach of contract cannot recover damages for detriment which he could have avoided by reasonable effort and without undue expense.
Defendant tried to raise working capital by selling half his stock, and he cut costs by switching the newspaper from daily to weekly.
It would have been almost impossible for defendant to sell the newspaper after the news that the sale fell through was published. In addition, its value increased in the year after the breach, so waiting to sell actually reduced defendant's damages.
Plaintiff did not actually offer to pay at the time of his "offer", so accepting would not have reduced the damages any.
Defendant acted reasonably in minimizing damages. Full damages awarded.
|
0.990512 |
Answer the following questions by selecting 1-5, one being highly uncomfortable and 5 being extremely comfortable. Please answer all questions, even though some of the questions will not pertain to the job you applied for.
What is your comfort level with smart phones and technology?
How well do you multi-task? Driving in traffic, following GPS, talking with a client, etc.
What is your comfort level with bumper-to-bumper traffic?
How do you feel about driving in the dark and in bad weather?
How do you feel about transporting and interacting with children?
How do you feel about transporting and interacting with children with special needs?
How do you feel about the physical work of installing child car seats and securing children?
How do you feel about transporting and interacting with the elderly and adults with disabilities?
How do you feel about transporting and interacting with people that speak/communicate differently than you?
How do you feel about the physical work of pushing and moving wheelchairs and the necessary physical labor to secure wheelchairs?
How comfortable are you working within an environment that can change on a moment's notice?
What is your comfort level with problem-solving on your own?
Are you comfortable being fingerprinted and having those fingerprints going through a national database?
Have you had any DUIs in the past three years?
Will you pass a drug test?
Would you describe yourself as a reliable, dependable employee?
Which company(s) are you interested/willing to work for? Check one or more as applicable.
For driver applicants of commercial motor vehicles that require a Commercial Driver License (CDL) the applicant must disclose their controlled substance and alcohol status per the requirements of 49 CFR part 40.25(j).
As a prospective driver employee, you have the right to review information provided by previous employers. You have the right to have errors in the information corrected by the previous employer(s) and for that previous employer(s) to re-send the corrected information to the prospective employer; the right to have a rebuttal statement attached to the alleged erroneous information, if the previous employer and the driver cannot agree on the accuracy of the information.
Driver employees who have previous Department of Transportation regulated employment history in the preceding three years, and wish to review previous employer provided investigative information, must submit a written request to the prospective employer, which may be done at anytime, including when applying or as late as thirty (30) days after being employed or being notified of denial of employment. The prospective employer must provide this information to the applicant within five (5) business days of receiving the written request. If the prospective employer has not yet received the requested information from the previous employer(s), then the five (5) business day deadlines will begin when the prospective employer receives the requested safety performance history information. If the driver has not arranged to pick up or receive the requested records within thirty (30) days of the prospective employer making them available, the prospective motor carrier may consider the driver to have waived their request to review the records.
Neither the acceptance of this application nor the subsequent entry into any type of employment relationship, either in the position applied for or any other position, and regardless of the contents of employee handbooks, personnel manuals, benefit plans, policy statements, and the like as they may exist from time to time, or other Company practices, shall serve to create an actual or implied contract of employment, or to confer any right to remain an employee of Best Ride, or otherwise to change in any respect the employment-at-will relationship between it and the undersigned, and that relationship cannot be altered except by a written instrument signed by the President of the Company.
Both the undersigned and the Company may end the employment relationship at any time, without specified notice or reason. If employed, I understand that the Company may unilaterally change or revise their benefits, policies and procedures and such changes may include reduction in benefits.
I certify that my answers are true and complete to the best of my knowledge. I authorize the representative of the company to make such investigations and inquiries of my personal, employment, educational, financial, criminal history and other related matters as may be necessary for an employment decision. I hereby release employers, schools or individuals from all liability when responding to inquiries in connection with my application.
In the event I am employed, I understand that false or misleading information given in my application or interview(s) may result in termination of my employment.
|
0.999741 |
Police in Santa Cruz, California, have released this photograph of the bank robbery.
(CNN) -- A bank robber masquerading as a bike messenger has struck again.
The serial bandit, who uses a two-wheeler to pedal away from his heists, held up a bank on Monday afternoon, the Santa Cruz, California, Police Department said.
"He rolled in on a bike," police spokesman Zach Friend said. "We spoke to the FBI and they believe he is associated with other robberies in the San Francisco area."
"It could be just an easy transportation point to a vehicle," Friend said, "so it's quite possible there's a vehicle parked in the neighborhood."
According to investigators, the suspect entered the bank wearing a helmet and carrying a black messenger bag.
He handed a teller a note demanding money and said he had a weapon, police said. The robber left with an undisclosed amount of money.
"It's one of those things where the teller was legitimately scared," Friend said. "If somebody comes up to the front and says they have a gun, that is a very traumatic experience. The teller did everything she was supposed to do."
The suspect was last seen pedaling away from the bank. Friend said the bicycle may give a criminal an advantage.
"It affords greater opportunity of entering into smaller areas, alleys, hiding in driveways," he said. "It makes the suspect smaller than a vehicle would."
The serial bank robber is described as a white male in his 40s. He has brown hair and is believed to be 6 feet 1 inch tall and 170 pounds.
Anyone with information is asked to contact the Santa Cruz Police at 831-420-5820.
|
0.998663 |
I’m sure those of you who have been on an airplane before are familiar with the steps to take in case of an emergency.
Put the oxygen mask on yourself before putting it on others.
It is my experience that people would usually rather focus on others than turn the eye inward on the self because it is easier to do so. I mean, who really wants to face all those feelings from the past, or scrutinize their own behaviors when it is much easier to scrutinize others?
Honestly, this bothers me a lot, and I see it all the time; people who are worried about others before taking care of themselves.
I realize that not all people are taught to take care of themselves, but like any other skill it can be learned. I also realize that with bipolar disorder, there can be times when it is very difficult to take care of yourself, but if you focus on taking care of yourself when you are well, some of that often trickles down into the more difficult times.
Here are a few things to focus on that will help keep the focus on you.
Eat (healthy). I know a good number of people who will just stop eating altogether because of hypomania, anxiety, (or simple carelessness). Taking care of yourself means feeding your body, and feeding your body the food that it needs to feel healthy and good is one of the most important steps in taking care of yourself.
Communicate with others. Talking about yourself and your experiences helps you learn about yourself and problem solve when you feel stuck or unsure about a decision. Having someone in your life you can talk intimately with about some of the more sensitive subjects in your life can help you move past them. You could talk with a close friend, a trustworthy relative, a support group, or a therapist to help you understand your life and your actions. Once you understand how you operate, it is much easier to care for your emotional health.
Pay attention to your body. Have times when you can push yourself physically with exercise, but also allow yourself time to relax each day. Both elements are key to feeling healthy, and knowing when your body is able to exercise and when you better take it easy is an important part of taking care of yourself.
Help yourself succeed. Taking the initiative to refill your medication before it completely runs out, or making sure your fridge is full of more than just ramen noodles will help you in the long run. Sometimes that might mean doing an hour of work in exchange for a few hours of relaxing when you don’t feel like doing anything, but having the tools around that can help you succeed in taking care of yourself can help immensely and keep your streak of taking care of yourself intact.
Keep the focus on you. It is difficult to work or interact with others or take care of anyone else if you aren’t taking care of yourself, and by putting that emergency oxygen mask on you before putting it on others you can be more attentive and potentially more stable.
This entry was posted in Bipolar and tagged Bipolar, Health, mental health, mental illness. Bookmark the permalink.
Great message! Are you still working?
I haven’t worked for six months now.
|
0.999115 |
Pastures and fields are turning into muddy messes for many livestock producers this winter, making it difficult to negotiate trucks and tractors, but what kind of impact is it having on livestock?
According to the University of Missouri Extension, wet and soggy conditions can have an impact on overall livestock health, especially young animals.
Wet ground and mud can harbor bacteria, which can cause scours if young animals nurse mud caked udders. Persistent cold and wet conditions compound the problems, causing a loss of condition and performance in all ages of livestock as mud can negate the insulation value of the hair coat.
Mud also creates suction on hooves and makes it more difficult for cattle to move around in a muddy area, forcing them to use more energy.
Another concern for livestock producers during muddy conditions is foot rot. Information from the Oklahoma Cooperative Extension states that normal healthy skin will not allow the bacteria involved in foot rot to enter the deeper tissues. Mechanical injury or softening and thinning of the interdigital (between the toes) skin by puncture wounds or continuous exposure to wet conditions are necessary to provide entrance points for infectious agents. Injury can be caused when animals walk on abrasive or rough surfaces, sharp gravel, hardened mud or by standing in a wet and muddy environment for prolonged periods of time.
• Avoid keeping livestock in the same early pastures for extended periods of time. Implement more frequent movements of livestock under rotational grazing programs. Lower stocking rates where possible. Move mineral and salt feeders on occasion.
• Reduce vehicle traffic through pastures as much as possible. This can help protect vegetation destruction, soil compaction and rut development. When possible, check cattle on foot or use the smallest possible vehicle.
• Improve livestock comfort. Extra bedding should be used in birthing and lounging drylot areas. Unrolling hay, rather than placing it in rings, will provide a dry place for calves. If using hay rings, move the rings frequently.
• Hay feeding is a potential source of pasture damage and mud development. If one or only a few hay feeding locations are used throughout the entire winter feeding period, mud tends to become a problem more quickly in those areas.
• If livestock are in barns or other shelters, clean out often and slope dirt and manure away from the structure, which will aid in drainage.
•Provide and maintain watering sources that reduce water splashing/loss.
• Be aware how mud problems might develop and plan to minimize them. If you start to feed hay at the front of the pasture near the gate, you might multiply mud problems as vehicle travel and hoof impact increases. It might be better to start feeding at a further end and work toward the gate.
• Identify high-traffic areas. These are places that cattle or vehicles move across on a frequent basis, e.g. gates, cattle handling areas, and feeding/watering areas. Ground-level protection from mud development in these areas usually are high-traffic ground coverings: concrete feeding pads, geotextiles, rock base. If the covered area is too small it might become surrounded by deep mud that the cattle fight through for every feeding bout.
|
0.978931 |
The hanging man and hammer patterns are trend reversal patterns that consist of the same type of candlestick, which are called umbrella lines because of their shape. In other words, both the hanging man and the hammer pattern have the same shape, though the one is bearish while the other is relatively bullish. What distinguishes the two is the nature of the trend that they appear in. If the umbrella line appears in an uptrend then it is known as the hanging man pattern, and if it appears in a downtrend, then it is known as the hammer pattern. Both are a single candlestick pattern in which the candlestick consists of a real body that is located at the top of the candlestick with little or no upper shadow and a relatively long lower shadow, which should be at least twice the length of the real body. The color of the hanging man or hammer candlestick is not important.
The hanging man is a bearish signal that appears in an uptrend and warns of a potential trend reversal. The candlestick pattern is called the hanging man because the candlestick resembles a hanging man with dangling legs. The long lower shadow of the hanging man is generally a bullish signal, indicating that demand for the underlying security forced the price into the upper third of the price range for that period. For this reason, confirmation of a trend reversal is should be sought. At the very least, the candlestick following the hanging man should close below the real body of the hanging man. Confirmation may also take the form of another trend reversal pattern such as an engulfing pattern or a piercing pattern. The color of the hanging man on its own is not important though the nature of the confirmation pattern may assign significant to the color of the hanging man candlestick.
The Japanese name for the hammer pattern is takuri, which means testing the water for its depth. The hammer pattern is quite similar in appearance to the hanging man pattern but it occurs in a downtrend and is a bullish signal that warns of a possible trend reversal. The candlestick is called a hammer because it hammers out a base at the bottom of the downtrend. The long lower shadow of the hammer is a bullish signal regardless of the color of the candlestick's real body. It indicates that the underlying sold off sharply but demand returned, forcing the price back up to close at or near the high for that period.
Star patterns are trend reversal patterns that consist of three candlesticks, with the middle candles stick forming the star. A star is a candlestick with a short real body, like a doji or a spinning top, that gaps away from the real body of the preceding candlestick. There are three basic star patterns: the morning star, which appears in a downtrend; and the evening star and the shooting star, which appear in an uptrend.
The Engulfing pattern is a reversal candlestick pattern that can appear at the end of an uptrend or at the end of a downtrend. The first candlestick in this pattern is characterized by a small body and is followed by a larger candlestick whose body completely engulfs the previous candlestick's body.
'Harami' is an old Japanese word that means pregnant and describes this pattern quite well. The harami pattern consists of two candlesticks with the first candlestick being the mother that completely encloses the second, smaller candlestick. It is a reversal candlestick pattern that can appear in either an uptrend or a downtrend. When the second candlestick is a doji, the pattern is called a harami cross and is more significant than the normal harami pattern as the doji's lack of a real body indicates great indecision and uncertainty.
The Three Black Crows pattern is the bearish counterpart of the Three Advancing White Soldiers pattern. It is a reversal pattern that consists of three bearish candlesticks that should come into consideration when it appears within an established uptrend, where it indicates a weakness in the uptrend and, potentially, the beginning of a down trend.
Continuation patterns indicate that there is a greater probability of the continuation of a trend than a trend reversal.. These patterns are generally formed when the price action enters a consolidation phase during a pre-existing trend. During the consolidation phase, the trend appears to change; however, the continuation of the preceding trend is more probable.
Reversal patterns mark the turning point of an existing trend and are good indicators for taking profit or reversing your position. Generally, trend reversal patterns indicate that a support level in a downtrend or a resistance level in an uptrend will hold and that the pre-existing trend will start to reverse. These patterns allow you to enter early in the establishment of the new trend and are usually result in very profitable trades.
|
0.999998 |
Damn, we must be in high school.
Hating on a public figure it's so cool.
Are you freaking kidding me? You can't have an opinion on famous people now?
You can, but at least make it a really intelligent one.
Seriously, you have to be drinking some serious Kool-Aid to not realize that Jobs was nuts. But then the RDF sure does have a strong influence on the weak minded.
No Kool-aid for me, thanks (And if you're implying I am a fanboy, sorry to disappoint, using products by all major companies here, not just one). In the other hand, among my studies, I've donde research in pathologies. So yeah.
Wait, is he not dead anymore?
I've donde research in pathologies. So yeah.
So you've read Steve's biography?
Thanks for the links though, was a rather interesting read nonetheless, Scorbing.
The links in the article were worth the read.
All the 6th grade banter and borderline lunatic comments in this thread, not so much.
Looks like a giant iPhone? Really?
How exactly does this look like a "giant iPhone"?
Maybe they are looking at it from the top? Above? I don't know. It doesn't look like an iPhone to me either.
lets just hope they don't rely on apple maps for their navigation!
Oracle already holds a patent on large floating recreational vessels.
That's got to be the most hideous thing afloat, except perhaps the effluent in a third world river.
Is that a row of iMacs at the 'bridge'? If so, that's insane, but I like the two domes at the top. They look like the shield generators of an Imperial Star Destroyer, which is quite fitting. It's not hard to imagine this as a big gay Star Destroyer, with Steve as Darth in a white robotic life support suit.
What's insane about a row of computer monitors on the bridge of a ship? I'm guessing you haven't been on the bridge of any modern ship, but almost all ships controls and navigation, etc. are done on computers these days. As for those domes, they are most likely satellite TV antennas. I've installed similar ones on several different kinds of boats in the past.
As for the article itself, the author needs to go back to school and learn the proper use of possessives for words or names that end in the letter "s". It should be Jobs' not Jobs's. And am I the only one for whom most of the pictures aren't coming up? Only the first picture shows up for me.
whats with all the childish comments. the man is dead have some respect for him and his family.
a dead guy and get on with your lives.
that is a giant yacht! I wouldn't mind that to be my permanent house!
I seen quite a few yachts in my time but this one is one of the ugliest I've ever seen. Steve jobs this and French designer that doesn't make it any better looking. I'm glad he spent some of the iPhone money. But, he could have atleast had his ship built in America. You know that little country where he made all that money.
I agree, it is indeed ugly, but to each their own.
|
0.999969 |
I am presenting the older content until the new writing is ready.
To get a better understanding of Organic Multiplicity, it is useful to examine the theory's essential two components: design's relationship to natural processes and the imperative of contextual relevance. These two aspects of Organic Multiplicity represent a holistic approach to understanding and practicing design.
The two components relationship to design can be understood as being the external and internal, or on a personal level, the body and the mind. Natural processes refers to the external aspect of design. Economic, social, cultural, and environmental forces induce adaptation mechanisms whose expression are determined by one's innate abilities. The contextual imperative refers to the internal aspect of design and the importance of understanding the subjective relationships and dynamics that exist within the contextual landscape of a project. Together, these relationships create an embracing and gestalt vision of the practice of design.
|
0.970127 |
His tunes appeared in copies decades after his death and were often used as sources for composition by later composers. During the fifteenth century the sound of full triads became common, and towards the end of the sixteenth-century the system of church modes began to break down entirely, giving way to the functional tonality which was to dominate western art music for the next three centuries. Renaissance composers reigned in this tendency, preferring melodies and harmonies of greater simplicity and clarity. Other colors, and later, filled-in notes, were used routinely as well, mainly to enforce the aforementioned imperfections or alterations and to call for other temporary rhythmical changes. If the next staff for the part occurs on the following page, two custodes may appear immediately next to each other. If both exceptions co-occurred sine proprietate et sine perfectione , both graphical alterations were combined accordingly.
The E-mail message field is required. While often ranked behind his contemporaries and John Dunstaple by contemporary scholars, his works were still cited, borrowed and used as source material after his death. Such intervals were averted by adding small deviations from strict parallel motion. Dissemination of , , and throughout Europe coincided with the unification of polyphonic practice into the fluid style which culminated in the second half of the sixteenth century in the work of composers such as , , and. By the end of the sixteenth century, Italy had absorbed the northern influences, with Venice, Rome, and other cities being centers of musical activity, reversing the situation from a hundred years earlier.
They were the voice of the black community during this time. Dissemination of chansons, motets, and masses throughout Europe coincided with the unification of polyphonic practice into the fluid style which culminated in the second half of the sixteenth century in the work of composers such as Palestrina, Lassus, Victoria and William Byrd. Normally, a note was imperfected by one of the next smaller order, e. Vocal music was by far the more important. Modern woodwind and brass instruments like the bassoon and trombone also appeared; extending the range of sonic color and power. If longa rests were written across three staff spaces, they were perfect; moreover, if they occurred in groups of three written together on the same staff line they indicated perfect maximodus. Instruments of the Middle Ages and Renaissance.
Since the printing press made it easier to disseminate printed music, by the end of the 16th century, Italy had absorbed the northern musical influences with , , and other cities becoming centers of musical activity. They were performed in rich people's homes. These interweaving melodic lines, a style called , is one of the defining features of Renaissance music. For instance, a breve in prolatio maior, which could be thought of as being composed of two perfect semibreves, could be imperfected by an adjacent minim, taking away one third of one of its two halves, thus reducing its total length from 6 to 5 ex. Consensus among music historians—with notable dissent—has been to start the era around 1400, with the end of the medieval era, and to close it around 1600, with the beginning of the baroque period, therefore commencing the musical Renaissance about a hundred years after the beginning of the Renaissance as understood in other disciplines.
Common sacred genres were the mass, the motet, the madrigale spirituale, and the laude. Each phrase or type of phrase most often has its disctinctive rhythmical pattern. . Demand for music as entertainment and as an activity for educated amateurs increased with the emergence of a bourgeois class. Ancient European Musical Instruments, first edition. Artists have not only received a commission for their works, but also the world-renown frame. You can of course do variations on the bass.
A significant part of the aethetic and intellectual pleasure of hearing and playing such a piece resides in the play with these phrasing patterns -- similar as the tune, instrumental or vocal sound, harmony, and so on are aspects of what make a piece of music interesting. G-clefs, while used infrequently throughout the period, did not come into completely routine use until the later 16th century. Short melodic figures are tossed among instruments, keeping the counterpoint lively. Some church music was accompanied by instruments - for example polychoral pieces in antiphonal style Antiphonal - Questions and Answers, Stereo Effect. The Critical Editing of Music: History, Method and Practice.
This renewed interests stems from the fact that a large amount of art work from antiquity was discovered during the Renaissance period. There was a close relationship between the words and the music. His works are known for their beauty and the relative ease for a listener to understand the texts compared to those in other polyphonic works. Sometimes vocal pieces appear without their texts in manuscript or in publications, suggesting instrumental performance. One of the most noticeable differences between Medieval and Renaissance styles, is that of musical texture.
The shawm was a double-reed instrument which was a precursor to the oboe. In both the basse danse and branle gay, the long-short rhythmic pattern in most measures is sometimes reversed in a short-long pattern, giving the music an extra bounce. I61,3 Since ancient times, secular vocal music had been composed for popular entertainment. Criticism and Analysis of Early Music 1. During the , most of the musical activity shifted from the church to the courts.
Therefore, the piece as a whole can either begin with a duple-meter section or with a triple-meter section. Numerous early music ensembles specializing in music of the period give concert tours and make recordings, using a wide range of interpretive styles. His melodies are easy to be sung and are familiar to those interested in early Renaissance music. The invention of the printing press helped to spread popular music. But conversely, hearing some familiar rhythmical pattern happen in a piece, is also a help towards uncovering the piece's phrase structure. Such arrangements were called It.
The origins of staff notation lie in the Dark Ages, when melodies were approximately indicated with simple markings. The renaissance originated in Florence, Italy and then spread to parts of Europe. Characteristics of Renaissance Music Below are some of the basic characteristics of the music. Precursor versions of many familiar modern instruments including the , , and developed into new forms during the Renaissance. In the Middle Ages, intervals of seconds, thirds, sixths, and sevenths were thought to be dissonant, as per mathematics. Instead of sticking to just fourths, fifths and octaves for harmony, the interval of the third became widely used. Imperfection typically occurred if two larger notes were separated by a single smaller unit, as in a sequence of B—Sb—B—Sb.
|
0.999836 |
was an American novelist and dramatist best known for his Pulitzer Prize-winning novels, The Magnificent Ambersons and Alice Adams. He is one of only three novelists (the others being William Faulkner and John Updike) to win the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction more than once. He was named after his maternal uncle Newton Booth, then the governor of California.
was a Scottish physician and writer, most noted for his stories about the detective Sherlock Holmes, which are generally considered a major innovation in the field of crime fiction. He was a prolific writer whose other works include science fiction stories, historical novels, plays, romances, poetry, and non-fiction. Arthur Conan Doyle was born one of ten siblings.
was an American writer, poet, editor and literary critic --from the American Romantic Movement. Best known for his tales of mystery and the macabre, Poe was one of the earliest American practitioners of the short story. He is considered the inventor of the detective-fiction genre and a contributor to the emerging genre of science fiction. His most famous poem is "The Raven".
was an American novelist and short story writer. Much of Hawthorne's writing centers around New England. His fiction works are considered part of the Romantic movement. His themes often center on the inherent evil and sin of humanity, and his works often have moral messages and deep psychological complexity. Two of his most famous works are The Scarlet Letter and "The Ambitious Guest".
was an American poet and educator. Longfellow predominantly wrote lyric poems which are known for their musicality and which often presented stories of mythology and legend. He became the most popular American poet of his day and also had success overseas. He is best known for these works: "Paul Revere's Ride", "The Courtship of Miles Standish", "Poem of Hiawatha", and "Evangeline".
was an English novelist and poet, the eldest of the three Brontë sisters whose novels are English literature standards. She wrote Jane Eyre under the pen name Currer Bell. Charlotte's mother died and then Charlotte's two oldest sisters died in childhood of tuberculosis.
was an American author, poet, abolitionist, naturalist, tax resister, development critic, surveyor, historian, philosopher, and leading transcendentalist. He is best known for his book, Walden, a reflection upon simple living in natural surroundings, and his essay, "Civil Disobedience", an argument for individual resistance to civil government in moral opposition to an unjust state.
was a popular 19th-century French writer, considered one of the fathers of the modern short story and one of the form's finest exponents; he also wrote six novels. A protégé of Flaubert, Maupassant's stories are characterized by their economy of style and efficient, effortless dénouement. Maupassant wrote in the genres of Naturalism and Realism. His most famous short story is "The Necklace".
was an American physician, professor, lecturer, and author. Regarded by his peers as one of the best writers of the 19th century, he is considered a member of the Fireside Poets. His most famous prose works are the "Breakfast-Table" series, which began with The Autocrat of the Breakfast-Table (1858). He is recognized as an important medical reformer.
was an American lecturer, essayist, and poet, best remembered for leading the Transcendentalist movement of the mid-19th century. He was seen as a champion of individualism and a prescient critic of the countervailing pressures of society, and he disseminated his thought through dozens of published essays and more than 1,500 public lectures across the United States.
|
0.956151 |
Washington (CNN) — The Pentagon has “put a proposal on the table” for U.S. military forces to train and equip moderate Syrian opposition forces for the first time, two Obama administration officials told CNN.
If approved, it would dramatically increase the role of the U.S. military in Syria’s civil war and would for the first time put American troops in direct contact with opposition forces.
The idea has been under consideration since the August 21chemical weapons attack outside Damascus, which the United States says was carried out by the regime of Bashar al-Assad.
There are few specifics on troops or other aspects of the military proposal, but both officials said the effort envisions training taking place in a country near Syria.
“We have any number of options under development that could expand our support to the moderate opposition, but no decision has been taken at this point,” Joint Chiefs Chairman Martin Dempsey said when asked by reporters on Wednesday about the proposal.
Until now, any training and equipping of Syrian opposition forces has fallen under the purview of the CIA and has not directly been acknowledged by the United States government.
The Obama administration has acknowledged providing logistical, humanitarian and some military assistance to rebels fighting al-Assad’s forces in a civil war now in its third year.
The training proposal was first floated in the days after the August attack as a means to step up U.S. support for the opposition.
The proposal envisions U.S. troops training certain rebels on small arms, command and control and military tactics, according to one of the officials.
Weapons however would not be directly supplied by the United States because legal authority does not exist for the Pentagon to arm the rebels.
President Barack Obama, who blames al-Assad’s regime for the attack and threatened a limited military strike as punishment, has vowed not to put “boots on the ground” inside Syria.
The training idea, however, has run into trouble in recent days as the United States has focused on diplomatic efforts to turn Syria’s chemical weapons over to international control, sidelining at least for now Obama’s push for congressional support to take military action.
Both administration officials said the timing might be too sensitive now to engage in such an initiative.
Dempsey initially hinted at the plan during a Senate Foreign Relations Committee hearing earlier this month.
“The path to the resolution of the Syrian conflict is through a developed capable moderate opposition, and we know how to do that,” he said.
Dempsey noted the focus on dealing with chemical weapons.
“I think that subsequent to that, we would probably return to have a discussion about what we might do with the moderate opposition in a more overt way,” he said.
Both administration officials declined to be identified due to the sensitive nature of the information.
|
0.959958 |
Theremin married Lavinia Williams, a black dancer 20 years his junior, but happiness and financial success in his adopted land eluded him. This aggravated his abiding homesickness. Under pressure from the KGB, Theremin secretly departed Manhattan in 1938 aboard a Russian freighter.
However much he may have been ready to leave, it has been widely assumed that Theremin had been kidnapped. In any case, his return to a nation now in the despotic grip of Josef Stalin did, in fact, prove menacing. He was arrested in 1939 and committed to several years of captivity, first in a Siberian labor camp and then in a less restrictive sharashka, where he was put to work enhancing the technology of Soviet aircraft. Theremin was afforded no opportunity to communicate with his wife, friends, and fans in the U.S., where he was given up for dead.
The instrument Theremin had left behind gained some notice through the war years in the hands of Clara Rockmore, and in Hollywood, where it invoked the threats of alcoholism on the soundtrack to 'Lost Weekend' and of mental imbalance in 'Lady in the Dark' and 'Spellbound.' The film work went to Samuel Hoffman, who'd relocated his medical practice to the West Coast.
Back in the USSR, Theremin helped launch the Cold War with a tiny prototype 'bug' he implanted in a wall plaque presented to the American ambassador. Finally freed from his prisoner status in 1947 (but not from the stigma), Theremin received from Stalin a reward of cash and a comfortable Moscow apartment, which he shared with yet another young wife, Maria Guschina. In 1948, the couple became the parents of twin daughters, Helena and Natalia, both destined to study the theremin.
Theremin pursued his interest in the interconnection between electronics and music into the Khrushchev era and the 1960s without much recognition or reward. On a Moscow visit with her husband in 1962, Clara Rockmore was thrilled to find her old flame alive, but she kept her discovery to herself, cautious about violating Cold War protocol.
Had Theremin remained in or returned to the States, he would have done well to have teamed up with Bob Moog, who on his way to securing a Ph.D. at Cornell had launched a business that included the manufacture of theremins. One of Moog's models was based on the inventor's original design (with an elegant but bulky mahogany cabinet), and another on more portable transistorized circuitry.
Moog theremins have continued to find favor with serious thereminists, wary of inferior imitations. "There are so many reasons why [the theremin] is not used as a legitimate musical instrument, and I think one is that there are many theremins that are not very well built out there," claims performing and recording thereminist Pamelia Kurstin.
The theremin sound sought by Beach Boy Brian Wilson for 'Good Vibrations' was performed by former Glenn Miller trombonist Paul Tanner on a device called the electro-theremin, a less-charming imitation of the original, with notes marked along an electrically charged strip.
"I thought, as long as we're doing something eerie today, why don't we get real eerie and put a theremin on it," Wilson remembers about the song's production. "It went to number one in the nation, and all because of the theremin and the cello."
The good vibes Theremin enjoyed while educating Lydia Kavina in the '70s were enhanced a decade later with the easing of restrictions brought by perestroika and glasnost under benign leader Mikhail Gorbachev. More than 60 years after his first successful tour, Theremin found himself able to showcase his instrument again in France and at Stanford University in 1991, where he performed 'Midnight In Moscow' to a standing ovation.
This reintroduction to the West of both Theremin and his musical creations was greatly furthered by Steven M. Martin's film 'Theremin: An Electronic Odyssey,' which won a Documentary Filmmakers' Trophy at the Sundance Film Festival in 1994. The film included footage of the nonagenarian Theremin in Moscow, of the long-widowed Clara Rockmore (15 years Theremin's junior) exhibiting her still-faultless technique, and of a touching reunion between the two former sweethearts in Clara's Manhattan apartment.
|
0.999707 |
When there is a mouse, rat, or a huge amount of bugs in your home, the first people that you sill usually call is a pest control company. It can be difficult to know what animal is living in your attic or chimney by just the noises and the feces that you find. Most companies will come out to determine what animal or insects that are living in your home.
However, most pest control companies do not offer raccoon removal services but only offer insect removal. This means that you may need to hire another company to find and remove the raccoon from your home. Some companies will trap the raccoons and will release them back into the wild, but other companies will use inhumane traps and poison to kill the raccoons. Here are the two most important questions that you should ask when you are hiring a raccoon removal service.
1. What Animals Do They Specialize in?
Some animal removal companies will only remove mice, rats, and squirrels from a home or a property. This could be because the animals are smaller, so they can be removed faster. There are also companies that will only capture one type of animal. This information should be on their website, but if you are not sure, you should call the company and ask.
The best option is to hire a company that catches most animals that could enter your home. This can help if you are not sure what animal is living in your home.
2. What Traps Do They Use?
There are many traps on the market, and they can be broken down into two categories, which are lethal and nonlethal. Lethal traps are not always lethal, so they can cause painful and drawn out deaths. They can also harm your pets if the animal goes near them. Nonlethal traps are the best option because it catches the raccoons, which means that the raccoons can be removed from your home and released back into the wild. They are also safe if a pet happens to get caught in one, so the animal can be released away from the area where the trap was.
Some companies will also catch the animals by hand if there are babies or if the traps have not been working. This can be time-consuming, but it can help ensure that all raccoons are removed from your house before the entrance, and exit holes are sealed off. If this service can be done will usually depend on the amount of space, there is in your attic or wherever the raccoons are located.
Most pest control companies do not offer raccoon or other animal removal. So, if you think that there are unwanted animals living in your home, you should call an animal removal specialist. Most times, doing this can reduce the amount of time that the animal is living in your home and causing damage. If you can, you should hire a company that uses humane traps and releases the animals back into the wild.
Read the How to get rid of raccoons page for helpful information and to learn more about Will a Pest Control Company Remove a Raccoon?
|
0.904443 |
Over in our upstream, the Gentoo portage tree, kde-frameworks ebuilds were updated to the 5.14 release. I think that update occurred 18 days ago. We still haven't pulled those updates into our Funtoo portage tree. I don't know if this is a normal delay pending some review by our own team (thank you all!) or if there is some particular problem. Maybe syncing is problematic right now as Gentoo switches to git? How much delay is normal between updates to Gentoo portage and syncing them into Funtoo portage? I appreciate help understanding the process --- the delay is problematic for me right now because I use the Gentoo KDE Overlay. When that overlay moves packages from the overlay into the main Gentoo portage tree they "disappear" from my Funtoo system and suddenly my system is in an inconsistent state and can't be updated.
I sometimes boot into Funtoo ~amd64, and sometimes boot into FreeBSD 10 stable with current (HEAD) ports. They are on separate drives with their own boot managers but share a common /home on a ZFS mirrored pool. I'd like to try running the 32-bit Linux google-chrome in FreeBSD. It appears to be almost possible to do that using the CentOS 6.x system from ports and utilizing the FreeBSD "linuxulator". In other words FreeBSD can run Linux binaries "natively" (but it only emulates the Linux 2.6.x kernel). I can chroot into the FreeBSD linux subsystem at /compat/linux and run Linux gui apps using the FreeBSD X server. e.g. # script to chroot into bash in linux cp /etc/resolv.conf /compat/linux/etc/ mount -t linprocfs linproc /compat/linux/proc mount_nullfs /dev /compat/linux/dev mount_nullfs /sys /compat/linux/sys mount -t fdescfs fdesc /compat/linux/dev/fd export DISPLAY="192.168.1.1:0.0" xhost +localhost DISPLAY=localhost:0 chroot /compat/linux /bin/bash but I run into problems with missing libraries for Google Chrome -- it would be so much more flexible to just put Funtoo in /compat/linux and use portage to install stuff into that chrooted system. Before I spend time installing Funtoo into a FreeBSD chroot (or optionally a jail) I would appreciate hearing from anyone who has tried running a recent Gentoo or Funtoo in a FreeBSD chroot or jail. Any advice? Pitfalls? Is there any reason it can't work? Can pigs fly?
I installed a hardened amd64 profile for three KDE / xmonad / fluxbox desktops. One by one I had to abandon the hardened profile on each machine and switch them to pure64. "Hardened" was easy to install and mostly well supported, but over time I ran into repeated blocks and emerge failures with that profile. Often problems with hardened packages are fixed within a few days but not always. It was sufficiently frustrating to motivate the effort to switch away from it. Some problems were not just that packages could not be emerged but that my own local software and programming projects would fail because they were incompatible with some hardening feature. I gradually turned off PaX features trying to keep my own stuff compileable. I still run hardened on my file server and am glad for the extra security there. The simpler your "desktop", the more likely that you'll be happy with a hardened system, but it just receives less feedback and bug fixing to make everything work all of the time. It would be a great service, maybe a worthwhile project for you, if you would install a hardened system and commit to making bug reports for every problem that arises over time.
Your requirements list probably excludes all of the binary distros. I've used Arch/Manjaro extensively and can't agree that they are light in any sense except that the original install is a small base. After that their packages have the same extensive, all-inclusive, dependencies as Fedora. For me it was impossible to accept anything less than Funtoo for my last notebook installation (Toshiba Satellite with amd dual-core, radeon graphics - 4GB ram). I did want to know if everything was going to work so I got the latest Calculate Linux iso, partitioned the drive with a swap, two "root" parttiions and a home partition, installed Calculate KDE, and tested the wireless, trackpad, etc. Calculate could easily be the end of the line; it is built with Gentoo, uses standard emerge and allows you to build packages with your own USE flags if necessary. It is a really nice and very flexible binary distro that allows you to "lighten" it as much as you need. Of course it uses OpenRC. I suspect that it ticks all of your checkboxes. But to get exactly what I want, which is a system that uses openrc and avoids unnecessary or trouble-prone daemons (e.g. avahi, pulseaudio, dbus, kdepim, notifications) I build my own set of binary packages on my workstation and share those via http so that I can install Funtoo on the other partition, drawing packages from my own binary repo. In order to support different USE flags and CPU_FLAGS_X86 and CFLAGS in the repo than I have on my workstation I do the package building in a chroot, rather like is done with Poudriere for FreeBSD.
No. :( ping always complains of "No route to host" I even checked the Funtoo script /etc/init.d/netif.tmpl for changes but it is identical between the functioning and non-functioning installations. I haven't found any real difference between the good and bad systems, except that the bad system is a new install from a new stage3. I'm afraid of finding that I've done something really stupid (it would not be the first time), but I'm not seeing it.
Here is the netif.eth0 config file I've been using on my previous install (which is ok) and my new install (which does not work): template="interface" ipaddr="192.168.1.1/24" gateway="192.168.1.254" nameservers="8.8.8.8 208.67.222.222" domain="launchmodem.com" Has it been wrong all along??
I've installed Funtoo Current core-i7 hardened onto an empty partition alongside my existing Funtoo system, and followed the usual easy steps http://www.funtoo.org/Funtoo_Linux_Networking for setting up a static interface on eth0, but there is no route to the local network. Everything boots ok. eth0 is UP with correct address and mask. resolv.conf looks good /etc/conf.d/netif.eth0 is the same as on my old (functioning) install BUT I can't ping other machines on my local network. netstat -r hangs for a long time and then does not show any entry for the local network. i.e. the line 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 is missing [EDIT: if I wait long enough that line is printed] BTW, the interface comes up functioning if I use dhcp instead of the static addressing (on this network dhcp is reserved for guests and assigns addresses that lack certain priviledges). I don't understand how the system (using the Funtoo networking scripts) can fail to create an entry in the routing table for the eth0 interface. Anyone have an idea what could be wrong? I've already come to the end of my knowledge and don't know how to proceed on this networking problem. I've even tried to copy my old /etc directory onto the new system for testing, editing the fstab of course. The new install still fails to bring up a functioning network (using same kernel config, same configuration files in /etc, same hardware).
Two days later: eix-sync && emerge -auvDN --quiet-build @world and everything updated. And I have no idea what the problem was. But it resolved itself.
Yeah, it's Evil. It sometimes turns a person Evil. Be careful, don't read that last link, it could happen to you!
|
0.946027 |
Isfahan and Shiraz, two dazzlingly beautiful cities that everyone should have seen at least once in life, are undoubtedly the cities that lure most visitors to Iran. But what about Tehran? lt has tended to be overshadowed by its smaller neighbours, seen as an impregnable behemoth. Which isn't true. The lranian capital also has a variety of impressive tourist attractions Golestan Palace, for instance, lmamzadeh Saleh mosque, and the Bazaar.
As the capital of Iran and one of the largest metropolitan areas in the world, Tehran is a destination that exposes its guests to a unique combination of unparalleled modernity and a history rich in well documented kingdoms.
Tehran offers a balance between cosmopolitan amenities through cuisine, architecture, shopping and recreation and opportunities to explore historical periods through multiple museums and a dedication to the exposition of art.
With a four season climate and a varied geographical landscape, Tehran allows and encourages numerous outdoor activities like skiing, soccer and hiking that are easily accessible from the core of its chic, clean and developed metro.
While Tehran serves a large population, its commendable metro system is recognized as a world class endeavor and is regarded as one of the safest, most convenient, cleanest and reliable transit systems in the world.
Come fly with Austrian Airlines to Tehran and discover beautiful contrast.
Tehran Imam Khomeini International Airport (IKA): The airport is located 30 km (19 miles) southwest of the city centre.
Airport Tehran You will be directed to a possibly non-accessible site. Take care. Be careful.
|
0.999502 |
Do you wish you could grow taller? If youre still going through puberty, there are many things you can do to enhance your height and overall health. If you are past the point where your body will grow taller, dont lose hope-there are several options for you as well.
First, lets talk a little about how we grow taller. When we are infants, much of our bones are made up of a flexible substance called cartilage. As we grow older, much of this cartilage fuses into solid bone, which is why we have more bones when were infants than we do as adults. When we hit puberty, growth plates at the ends of our longer bones lengthen gradually, which is part of why we have such abrupt growth spurts.
However, if you are in your younger years and wish to enhance your growth, a good diet and exercise can be very beneficial. Eating food rich in protein, calcium, calories, and amino acids is crucial for giving your body the energy and nutrients it needs to grow, function, and replenish itself. By exercising and increasing your muscle mass, you become more slender. Your bones also become stronger as they support your additional weight. Stretching can help your tendons and muscles as well. Stretching also helps release height growth hormones, which in turn lengthens your bones.
However, after puberty, your options are significantly lessened. However, by altering your wardrobe and posture, you can help with the illusion of looking taller. For example, wearing pinstripes makes you look taller and adds a slimming effect as well. Try wearing dark colored suits and outfits as well, rather than two toned outfits or outfits with polka dot or plaid patterns. Wearing bulky shoes, such as clogs, boots, and tennis shoes, can make your feet look bigger, thus making you seem taller.
Your posture is also extremely important, both for your appearance and your health. While slouching can actually make you look shorter and results in a plethora of health complications, sitting up straight with your shoulders back and your head up can not only make you look taller, but it prevents backaches, neck aches, and even carpal tunnel syndrome.
|
0.999887 |
Ingredients include short pasta, lemon, ginger, olive oil, garlic cloves, red pepper flakes, onions, green bell pepper, carrots, broccoli, chicken breasts, and soy sauce.
Place a pot on the stove (over medium heat) and pour in the 2 tablespoons of olive oil.
Once the oil is heated, add the garlic, ginger, and pepper flakes. Cook everything for 1 minute.
Add the onion and bell pepper and continue cooking for another 5 minutes.
This meal was a delicious addition to our daily routine and my family just adores it. The vegetables are cooked perfectly, not mushy, and the chicken is so tender and juice. It brings a an array of various flavors and textures to you mouth that it just instantly waters. I will be preparing this dish again and give it 5 stars.
|
0.952179 |
President Obama's all-out push on climate change is involving federal agencies far beyond EPA.
President Obama's big second-term push on climate change is drawing in federal agencies that historically haven't been front-and-center on global-warming policy.
That was clearer than ever Wednesday when the White House rolled out executive actions to help states and communities build their resilience to more intense storms, high heat, sea-level rise, and other effects of climate change.
Agencies involved include the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the Housing and Urban Development Department, and the Agriculture Department.
"It is fitting that these programs span multiple agencies because many of them are the same ones that help communities recover from destructive extreme weather events," said Daniel J. Weiss, the senior vice president for campaigns at the League of Conservation Voters.
While EPA rules to cut carbon emissions from power plants have been by far the highest profile piece of the White House climate agenda, Wednesday's announcements highlight what has been a less flashy effort: Girding communities against effects of climate change that are already underway or expected in the future.
The Centers for Disease Control released a new guide to help local public health departments assess their area's vulnerabilities to health hazards linked to climate change.
The Agriculture Department is announcing the award of more than $236 million for eight states to help them improve their rural electric infrastructure at a time when experts say that climate change is placing new strains on energy infrastructure.
The Interior Department's Bureau of Indian Affairs announced a $10 million Federal-Tribal Climate Resilience Partnership and Technical Assistance Program to help tribes.
The Interior Department's U.S. Geological Survey and other agencies launched a $13 million program to create advanced three-dimensional mapping data that the administration said will be useful to planners.
The data can be "used in the areas of flood-risk management, water resource planning, mitigation of coastal erosion and storm surge impacts, and identification of landslide hazards as an essential component of supporting action on climate resilience," a White House summary states.
HUD unveiled details about a program Obama announced in June: a $1 billion competitive grant program for risk assessment and planning, and carrying out programs to build resilience (such as tougher building codes).
New efforts through the FEMA include updated guidelines for development of state hazard mitigation plans that spur states to "consider climate variability as part of their requirement to address the probability of future events in state planning efforts," according to the White House.
The various initiatives stem from "early feedback" from the State, Local, and Tribal Leaders Task Force on Climate Preparedness and Resilience that Obama created through an executive order late last year, the White House said.
The president is slated to meet with the group Wednesday afternoon, and it's planning to provide final recommendations this fall.
"The Obama administration's focus on community resilience will save lives and federal funds. In the past three years, the 34 most destructive climate-related extreme weather events took 1,221 lives and caused $208 billion in damages. Every $1 investment to help communities prepare for future extreme weather reduces disaster relief by $4," Weiss said.
|
0.99997 |
The most challenging experience you'll have with a clock since learning how to tell time. Twelve O is an original puzzle game about setting every clock in each level to 12. Inside the game's 27 levels are connected clocks, clocks that move in opposite directions, and even ones that move at different speeds. Twelve O provides a fresh challenge to pass the time while you play with it. "instructions": "- Click on a clock to select it\n- The selected clock's hand will point to the mouse\n- Point the hand to Twelve O'Clock\n- Connected clocks move together\n- Moving a clock only moves the clocks directly connected to it\n- Make all clocks Twelve O'Clock\n- Clocks without color behind them move opposite to those with color\n- On 'Revolutions' levels: Big clocks rotate less than small clocks"
Do not know how to play Twelve O game?
No walkthrough for the game Twelve O, please advise.
|
0.941136 |
The Edmund Pettus Bridge carries U.S. Route 80 Business (US 80 Bus.) across the Alabama River in Selma, Alabama. Built in 1940, it is named after Edmund Winston Pettus, a former Confederate brigadier general, Democratic U.S. Senator from Alabama. The bridge is a steel through arch bridge with a central span of 250 feet (76 m). Nine large concrete arches support the bridge and roadway on the east side.
The Edmund Pettus Bridge was the site of the conflict of Bloody Sunday on March 7, 1965, when armed police attacked and brutally beat Civil Rights Movement demonstrators with horses, billy clubs, and tear gas as they were attempting to march to the state capital, Montgomery. The marchers crossed the bridge again on March 21 and successfully walked to the Capitol building.
The bridge was declared a National Historic Landmark on March 11, 2013.
The bridge carries four lanes of US Route 80 over the Alabama River, from Selma on the west side, to points east. The bridge has a total of 11 spans. It has 10 smaller concrete spans, while the main span in the center, over the river, is made of steel. Because Selma is built on a bluff over the river, the west side of the bridge is higher than the east side. The center of the bridge is 100 ft (30 m) over the river. In 2011, the bridge was listed as functionally obsolete, meaning that it does not meet current design standards for its current traffic load.
The bridge is named after Edmund Winston Pettus, who was born in Limestone County, Alabama, to John Pettus and Alice Taylor Winston in 1821. He graduated from a public high school and attended Clinton College. He then went on to Tuscumbia, Alabama, to study law and was admitted into the state's bar association in 1842. In 1844, he was elected to serve in the seventh Judicial Circuit of Alabama as a solicitor. From 1847-1849, he served as a lieutenant with the Alabama Volunteers during the Mexican–American War. From 1854, he served as a judge in the seventh Judicial Circuit of Alabama, until resigning in 1858. After resigning as judge, he went back to Selma, Alabama, where he again practiced law. Following the outbreak of the American Civil War, he served with the 20th Regiment Alabama Infantry, eventually attaining the rank of brigadier general in 1863 and being assigned a command in the Army of Tennessee. Following the war, he resumed his law practice in Selma. At that time, he also led the Alabama Ku Klux Klan. He was residing in Selma when he was elected as a Democratic United States Senator from Alabama in 1897 and 1903. He died in 1907. Edmund's brother, John Pettus, was a Mississippi politician.
Because of Pettus's role in supporting slavery and racism, a movement is aiming to rename the bridge. With the 50th anniversary of Bloody Sunday in 2015, a group of college students and others organized a campaign to rename the bridge. Changing the name would require approval from the State of Alabama. Proponents of changing the name have not offered a specific name as an alternative. An earlier attempt to change the name in 2010 failed. Some Selma residents are opposed, believing that changing the name will do nothing to improve race relations in the country.
An earlier bridge was built at the same location in 1885 to carry mule loads of cotton. It was a two-lane wooden swing bridge that had to be opened by hand. The Edmund Pettus Bridge was designed by Selma native Henson Stephenson and opened to traffic in 1940.
In 1965, voting rights for African Americans were a contentious issue. In Selma, voting rolls were 99% White and 1% African American, while the 1960 Census found that the population of Alabama was 30% nonwhite . In February 1965, state troopers and locals in Marion, Alabama, started an armed confrontation with some 400 African-American unarmed demonstrators. Jimmie Lee Jackson was shot in the stomach, and he died eight days later. As word spread, the case alarmed civil rights activists, including Martin Luther King, Jr. and SCLCs Director of Direct Action James Bevel. Director Bevel strategized a plan for a peaceful march from Selma to the Alabama capitol building in Montgomery, which first required crossing the Pettus bridge leading out of Selma and onto the state highway. Many acts like this one involved killings, and many more involved economic and health problems.
On March 7, 1965, armed police attacked the unarmed peaceful civil rights demonstrators attempting to march to the state capital of Montgomery in an incident that became known as Bloody Sunday. Because of the design of the bridge, the protesters were unable to see the police officers on the east side of the bridge until after they had reached the top of the bridge. The protesters first saw the police while at the center of the bridge, 100 feet above the Alabama River. Upon seeing them, protester Hosea Williams asked his fellow protester John Lewis if he knew how to swim. Despite the danger ahead, the protesters bravely continued marching. They were then attacked and brutally beaten by police and the state troopers on the other side.
Televised images of the attack presented Americans and international audiences with horrifying images of marchers left bloodied and severely injured, and roused support for the Selma Voting Rights Movement. Amelia Boynton, who had helped organize the march as well as participated in it, was beaten unconscious. A photograph of her lying on Edmund Pettus Bridge appeared on the front page of newspapers and news magazines around the world. In all, 17 marchers were hospitalized and 50 were treated for lesser injuries; the day soon became known as "Bloody Sunday" within the African-American community.
Since 1965, many marches have commemorated the events of Bloody Sunday. On its 30th anniversary, Rep. John Lewis, former president of Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee and a prominent activist during the Selma to Montgomery marches, said, "It's gratifying to come back and see the changes that have occurred; to see the number of registered voters and the number of Black elected officials in the state of Alabama to be able to walk with other members of Congress that are African Americans."
On the 40th anniversary of Bloody Sunday, over 10,000 people, including Lewis, again marched across Edmund Pettus Bridge. Also, in 1996, the Olympic torch made its way across the bridge with its carrier, Andrew Young, along with many public officials, to symbolize how far the South has come. When Young spoke at the Brown Chapel A.M.E. Church as part of the torch ceremony, he said, "We couldn't have gone to Atlanta with the Olympic Games if we hadn't come through Selma a long time ago."
In March 2015, on the 50th anniversary of Bloody Sunday, U.S. President Barack Obama, the first African-American U.S. president, delivered a speech at the foot of the bridge and then, along with other U.S. political figures such as former U.S. President George W. Bush and Representative John Lewis and Civil Rights Movement activists such as Amelia Boynton Robinson (at Obama's side in a wheelchair), led a march across the bridge. An estimated 40,000 people attended to commemorate the 1965 march, and to reflect on and speak about its impact on history and continuing efforts to address and improve U.S. civil rights.
Bloody Sunday and the events of the Selma to Montgomery marches were re-enacted on the bridge and depicted in the films Selma, Lord, Selma (1999) and Selma (2014).
At the 2015 Academy Awards singer/songwriters Common and John Legend performed their Academy Award-winning song "Glory", which is featured in the film Selma, on a stage-sized replica of the Edmund Pettus Bridge.
Marilyn Miller's book, The Bridge at Selma (Turning Points in American History) (1989), describes the repercussions of the events of March 7, 1965, on Edmund Pettus Bridge.
In the March trilogy (2013-2016), the graphic novel autobiography of John Lewis, Lewis and Martin Luther King's trepidation at crossing of the bridge, and the ensuing confrontation with state troopers, bookend the story as a framing sequence seen in the beginning of Book One and near the end of Book Three.
"Dear Hate", a collaboration by country singers Maren Morris and Vince Gill, features the lyrics: "Dear Hate, you were smiling from that Selma bridge".
^ "Edmund Pettus Bridge". National Register of Historic Places Program. National Park Service.
^ "We Shall Overcome - Selma-to-Montgomery March". Nps.gov. 1965-03-07. Retrieved 2017-10-11.
^ "AMERICA'S GREAT OUTDOORS: Secretary Salazar, Director Jarvis Designate 13 New National Historic Landmarks". US Department of the Interior. Retrieved 2013-03-11.
^ a b c O'Neill, Connor (March 6, 2015). "How the Design of a Selma Bridge Became a Metaphor for the Civil Rights Movement". Slate. Retrieved March 12, 2015.
^ "PETTUS, Edmund Winston - Biographical Information". Bioguide.congress.gov. 1907-07-27. Retrieved 2010-08-22.
^ a b Peeples, Melanie (March 5, 2015). "The Racist History Behind The Iconic Selma Bridge". All Things Considered.
^ Desmond-Harris, Jenee (March 9, 2015). "Inside the fight to strip a KKK leader's name from Selma's Edmund Pettus Bridge". Vox. Retrieved March 11, 2015.
^ "1960 Census" (PDF). Census.gov. Retrieved 2017-03-07.
^ "We Shall Overcome - The Cost". Nps.gov. Retrieved 2010-08-22.
^ Sheila Jackson Hardy; P. Stephen Hardy (August 11, 2008). Extraordinary People of the Civil Rights Movement. Paw Prints. p. 264. ISBN 978-1-4395-2357-5. Retrieved March 6, 2011.
^ Reed, Roy (March 6, 1966). "'Bloody Sunday' Was Year Ago". The New York Times. New York, New York. p. 76. Retrieved March 9, 2015.
^ Jet - Google Books. Books.google.com. 1995-03-27. Retrieved 2010-08-22.
^ Jet - Google Books. Books.google.com. 2005-03-28. Retrieved 2010-08-22.
^ Heath, Thomas (1996-07-01). "After Three Decades, Selma Sees the Light; Torch Crosses Bridge Between Peace, Violence". Pqasb.pqarchiver.com. Retrieved 2010-08-22.
^ Baker, Peter; Fausset, Richard (March 7, 2015). "Obama, at Selma Memorial, Says, 'We Know the March Is Not Yet Over'". The New York Times (March 7, 2015). Retrieved 10 March 2015.
^ Miller, Marilyn (June 1, 1989). The Bridge at Selma. Silver Burdett Press. ISBN 9780382068263.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Edmund Pettus Bridge.
|
0.976339 |
PRESENÇA DE Escherichia coli PRODUTORA DE BETA-LACTAMASE DE ESPECTRO ESTENDIDO EM ALIMENTOS: ESTUDO PROSPECTIVO. As ESBL son beta-lactamases que hidrolizan cefalosporinas de espectro estendido. reservatório de bactérias multirresistentes, como as produtoras de beta- lactamases de espectro estendido. (ESBL) e as que apresentam resistência as.
Apenas uma cepa apresentou sensibilidade a todos os antimicrobianos testados. The main limitations of this study were the absence of previous studies on ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in bulk-tank milk from comparable dairy regions of Colombia, which would have estimated frequency according to national productive conditions, and a larger budget, which would allow larger sample size and different time periods.
Antimicrobial resistance in animals and in human being. Risk factors associated with extended spectrum beta-lactamase E. Foodborne Pathogens and Disease, v. Enviado por Tuane flag Denunciar.
Beeta of genus and species of isolates was performed with a commercial biochemical identification kit. However, with its alternate name, the bla gene CTX-Ma was detected first in Colombia in four isolates: Clin Micro biol Infect ; 14 1: Information about CFU values was obtained from the purchase invoice generated by the milk processor.
Services on Demand Journal. CTX-Ma enzyme Klebsiella pneumoniae. However, sincethe enzyme cefotaxime-munich CTX-M became one of the most frequent and ESBL-producing Eschericha coli emerged as an important pathogen in the community Blanco fspectro al.
Teste do disco combinado: In vivo selection of porin-deficient mutants of Klebsiella pneu- moniae with increased resistance to cefoxitin and expanded-spectrum- cephalosporins. J Clin Microbiol ; Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; 16 th informational supplement. Perfil de suscetibilidade a antimicrobianos em cepas de Acinetobacter spp isoladas de efluente hospitalar em Porto Alegre-RS.
Carbapenems are the most potent beta- lactam antibiotics because of their wide spectrum Bush,and these bacteria are still sensitive to this family of antibiotics, which makes a battery of effective antibiotics available for treating infections caused in humans and animals.
Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial How to cite this article. Extended- spectrum b-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in different environments humans, food, animal farms and sewage. For the rest of the antibiotic groups, the MIC varied according to the isolated bacteria. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, v.
Modification of the double-disk test beeta detection of enterobacteriaceae producing exten- ded-spectrum and AmpC beta-lactamases. Collection of farm information and management practices Information on the characteristics and management practices that could be associated with the presence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae was obtained using a questionnaire supplemental material at the time of bulk-tank sampling.
Detection of chromosomal blaCTX-M-2 in diverse Escherichia coli isolates from healthy broiler chickens. Improving food safety through a one health approach: Lactwmase Colomb Cienc Pecu ; 26 Supl. Epidemiology and successful control of a large outbreak due to Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases.
Beta-Lactamases in laboratory and clinical resistance. Resistance to wide-spectrum antibiotics such as cephalosporins is increasing among food-producing animals, and food of animal origin can be considered a possible reservoir of ESBLs Mesa et al.
How to estendivo this article.
Services on Demand Article. Infect ; 12 3: Samples that displayed colony growth with pink-burgundy, green, blue or brown colorations were considered presumptive ESBL- producing Enterobacteriaceae.
All the contents of this journal, except where otherwise noted, is lacttamase under a Creative Commons Attribution License. Japanese Journal of Infectios Diseases Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia 3: Characteristics of dairy farms with confirmed ESBL-producing isolates. Interpretative reading of the non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli antibiogram.
Antimicrobial resistance in foodborne pathogens–a cause for concern? In the same way, situations in which the choice and provision of antibiotics is in the hands of a person other than the veterinarian may cause variations in bacterial sensitivity along with recurrence of the presentation of microorganisms associated with different pathologies as a bega of not normally performing isolation or evaluation by antibiogram of the causal agent of infection Betancourt et al. An antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by the agar disc diffusion method and the automatized broth microdilution method.
Acesso em 02 fev. Clin Infect Dis ; 48 1: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. This number was based on an expected frequency of 0.
|
0.999986 |
The Elgin Marbles are a source of controversy between modern Britain and Greece. It's a collection of stone pieces rescued/removed from the ruins of the Ancient Greek Parthenon in the nineteenth century, and now in demand to be sent back from the British Museum to Greece. In many ways, the Marbles are emblematic of the development of modern ideas of national heritage and global display, which argues that localized regions have the best claim over items produced there. Do the citizens of a modern region have any claim over items produced in that region by people thousands of years ago? There are no easy answers, but many controversial ones.
At its broadest, the term "Elgin Marbles" refers to a collection of stone sculptures and architectural pieces which Thomas Bruce, Seventh Lord Elgin, gathered during his service as ambassador to the court of the Ottoman Sultan in Istanbul. In practice, the term is commonly used to refer to the stone objects he gathered—an official Greek website prefers “looted”—from Athens between 1801–05, particularly those from the Parthenon; these included 247 feet of a frieze. We believe that Elgin took around half of what was surviving at the Parthenon at that time. The Parthenon items are increasingly, and officially, called the Parthenon Sculptures.
Elgin was heavily interested in Greek history and claimed he had the permission of the Ottomans, the people ruling Athens during his service, to gather his collection. After acquiring the marbles, he transported them to Britain, although one shipment sank during transit; it was fully recovered. In 1816, Elgin sold the stones for £35,000, half his estimated costs, and they were acquired by the British Museum in London, but only after a Parliamentary Select Committee—a very high-level body of inquiry—debated the legality of Elgin’s ownership. Elgin had been attacked by campaigners (then as now) for “vandalism,” but Elgin argued the sculptures would be better cared for in Britain and cited his permissions, documentation which campaigners for the return of the Marbles often now believe supports their claims. The committee allowed the Elgin Marbles to stay in Britain. They are now displayed by the British Museum.
The Parthenon and its sculptures/marbles have a history which stretches back 2500 years when it was built to honor a goddess called Athena. It has been a Christian church and a Muslim mosque. It has been ruined since 1687 when gunpowder stored inside exploded and attackers bombarded the structure. Over the centuries, the stones which both constituted and adorned the Parthenon had been damaged, especially during the explosion, and many have been removed from Greece. As of 2009, the surviving Parthenon sculptures are divided among museums in eight nations, including the British Museum, the Louvre, the Vatican collection, and a new, purpose-built museum in Athens. The majority of the Parthenon Sculptures are split evenly between London and Athens.
Pressure for the return of the marbles to Greece has been growing, and since the 1980s the Greek government has officially asked for them to be permanently repatriated. They argue that the marbles are a prime piece of Greek heritage and were removed with the permission of what was effectively a foreign government, as Greek independence only occurred a few years after Elgin was collecting. They also argue that the British Museum has no legal right to the sculptures. Arguments that Greece had nowhere to adequately display the marbles because they can’t be satisfactorily replaced in Parthenon have been made null and void by the creation of a new £115 million Acropolis Museum with a floor recreating the Parthenon. In addition, massive works to restore and stabilize the Parthenon and the Acropolis have been, and are being, carried out.
The British Museum has also claimed they have a right to keep the Elgin Marbles because they effectively saved them from further damage. Ian Jenkins was quoted by the BBC, while associated with the British Museum, as saying “If Lord Elgin did not act as he did, the sculptures would not survive as they do. And the proof of that as a fact is merely to look at the things that were left behind in Athens.” Yet the British Museum has also admitted that the sculptures were damaged by “heavy-handed” cleaning, although the precise level of damage is disputed by campaigners in Britain and Greece.
Pressure continues to build, and as we live in a celebrity-driven world, some have weighed in. George Clooney and his wife Amal are the most high profile celebrities to call for the marbles to be sent to Greece, and his comments received what is, perhaps, best described as a mixed reaction in Europe. The marbles are far from the only item in a museum which another country would like back, but they are among the best known, and many people resistant to their transfer fear the complete dissolution of the western museum world should the floodgates be open.
In 2015, the Greek government declined to take legal action over the marbles, interpreted as a sign that there is no legal right behind Greek demands.
|
0.976638 |
What exactly separates people from machines? Two things, actually: creativity and empathy. No matter what gets developed in AI, these are the two elements that can keep the agency services business alive, and keep marketers busy for years to come.
AI is a complement to what you do. It is intended to augment your abilities. AI can create a layer of efficiency that companies are otherwise lacking and free them up to be doing the kind of work with incremental impact.
Agencies have succeeded in the past because they are creative. They come up with solutions to problems that teams knee-deep in the challenges every day may not see.
AI enables marketers not to get sucked down into the weeds for reporting and analysis, but instead optimize testing in campaigns while they’re in-market, freeing up time to tackle new problems in creative ways.
All that being said, empathy is the single most important characteristic of a marketer or agency. Empathy can never be automated. It comes from putting yourself in the shoes of your customers and understanding the emotional impact of the challenges they face. Empathy is not an algorithm.
You can execute focus groups and you can do research to develop insights into your target audience, but empathy enables you to look deeper than the binary output of data. It’s that special insight stemming from the aggregation of data, the understanding of context and the application of emotion to come up with a truly new and unique idea. It can never be automated.
Agencies get paid for more monotonous work than ever before, and now that work can be automated. Margins have been squeezed for all the other more creative work and that’s resulted in lower-cost people being put in positions of creativity, which tends to be a self-fulfilling prophecy (less experienced employees tend to do lower quality work). Many CMOs have not been sure how to utilize technology to create efficiency, and instead focused on creativity. It’s the exact opposite of the agency services model, which is why they still work well together.
In the future, agency survival will depend on being able to automate the foundational elements and focus on creativity and empathy, while the role of a marketer requires a balance of both. AI offers an opportunity for the agency model to evolve and succeed. AI offers the chance for marketers to become more balanced and focused on creating scale while understanding their consumer audience.
All of which brings us back to the idea that AI can augment what you do and allow you to become a better, faster, stronger and more productive version of what you were in the past.
|
0.965456 |
Sateriale v. R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co.
An offer is the manifestation of willingness to enter into a bargain, so made as to justify another person in understanding that his assent to that bargain is invited and will conclude it. The determination of whether a particular communication constitutes an operative offer, rather than an inoperative step in the preliminary negotiation of a contract, depends upon all the surrounding circumstances. The pertinent inquiry is whether the individual to whom the communication was made had reason to believe that it was intended as an offer.
R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company (RJR) operated a customer rewards program, called Camel Cash, from 1991 to 2007. Under the terms of the program, RJR urged consumers to purchase Camel cigarettes, to save Camel Cash certificates included in packages of Camel cigarettes, to enroll in the program and, ultimately, to redeem their certificate for merchandise featured in catalogs distributed by RJR. Those who participated in RJR's certificate redemption program filed a case for breach of contract, promissory estoppel and violation of two California consumer protection laws. They alleged that, in reliance on RJR's actions, they purchased Camel cigarettes, enrolled in the program and saved their certificates for future redemption. They allege that in 2006 RJR abruptly ceased accepting certificates for redemption, making the plaintiffs' unredeemed certificates worthless. The district court dismissed the action for failure to state a claim and the case was appealed.
Did the certificates constitute an offer?
The Court held that the operative question under California law was whether the advertiser, in clear terms, promised to render performance in exchange for something requested by the advertiser, and whether the recipient of the advertisement reasonably might have concluded that by acting in accordance with the request a contract would be formed. Construing the complaint in the light most favorable to plaintiffs, and drawing all reasonable inferences in plaintiffs' favor, the court concluded that plaintiffs adequately alleged the existence of an offer to enter into a unilateral contract, whereby defendant promised to provide rewards to customers who purchased its product, saved the certificates and redeemed their certificates in accordance with the catalogs' terms. The court noted that if further proceedings showed that the contract claim failed for indefiniteness, the promissory estoppel claim would likely fail for the same reason.
|
0.994349 |
Women have a passion for cultural events and enjoy having a number of different sources available at their disposal to keep up to date on cultural events, but what sources are essential to their experience? As part of the POPSUGAR Insights Content, Commerce, and Culture study, we surveyed over 1,500 women between the ages of 18-44 and asked them to share the primary reasons they tune in.
Overall, the number one resource for women was Facebook (50%). Other popular social media platforms that women use to stay connected include YouTube (39%), Twitter (21%), Instagram (18%), Google+ (11%), Snapchat (9%), Tumblr (9%), and Vine (6%). Other ways that women use social media to stay connected on these topics include following the event via a specific hashtag or trending topic (21%).
The second most popular source for women to stay up to date with cultural events is TV. Overall, 49% of women watch a program on TV about the specific event to stay informed. Other forms of traditional media that women use include reading a magazine or newspaper article (37%).
Digital content ranked third overall in terms of how women stay informed about cultural events. Overall, 47% of women read online articles about the cultural event, 31% of women watch consumer-generated videos about the event, 19% watch professionally produced videos related to the event, and 9% download an app that is dedicated to content about the specific cultural event. Finally, speaking with friends and family in person, via texts, or on the phone ranked fourth overall (44%).
|
0.99991 |
Who might need an emergency shelter—and why? People seeking shelter could include hikers, campers, homeless people, or people caught in a flood, hurricane, or other disaster. Decide who you want to design your shelter for. Then build one sturdy and big enough to hold at least one person.
|
0.999795 |
It is often thought that one of the reasons for the lack or the fragility of democracy in the Arab world is the weakness of Arab political parties and their apparent inability to compete with the ruling regimes.
Often political or legal reasons are cited to substantiate this idea, including laws restricting party life, repressive measures, electoral fraud, internal factionalism and fragmentation within political parties and trends, the personalisation of leadership, the absence of internal democratic practices, the exclusion of youth and other segments of the population, an inability to recruit new members or rally grassroots support, and an intensely polarised socio-political climate.
However, the idea that political parties in the Arab region are weak and fragmented is flawed in some respects. While many parties and trends, especially secularist and leftist and liberal ones, tend to be structurally weak and vulnerable to schism, the sectarian, ethnic and religious oriented parties and groups present what we might consider to be the opposite problem: they are too strong.
They often operate as separate societies and almost as states within the state in some countries.
The phenomenon is at its most pronounced in the failed or quasi-failed states in the Arab world where such parties or entities have evolved into militia organisations with secessionist aims or plans to monopolise power.
In short, in the Arab world we have excessively weak secularist parties and excessively strong religious parties.
This antithetical condition has distorted political life in most Arab states and worked to strengthen authoritarianism, deepen social divides, and hamper democratisation.
The secularist parties, whether liberal, such as the Wafd and the Free Egyptians Party in Egypt and the Nidaa Tounes Party in Tunisia, Marxist-socialist, such as the Tagammu in Egypt and the Popular Front in Tunisia, or nationalist/Nasserist, such as the Baath Parties in Syria and Iraq, and the Karama (Dignity) Party in Egypt, share a number of characteristics.
Among them are the personalisation of leadership, the lack of internal democratic mechanisms, and the exclusion of women, youth and representatives of regional groupings and religious and ethnic minorities in their internal organisations.
These flaws lend an elitist and authoritarian character to these parties, and they are also prone to internal rifts and schisms and the proliferation of smaller splinter parties.
These things exacerbate another common feature of these parties, being their inability to rally grassroots support and to recruit new members due to poor financial resources, a lack of representation outside major urban centres, and a tendency among some secularist parties to enter into alliances with the ruling regimes.
The religious and/or ethnic identity parties in the Arab world, whether associated with Political Islam, such as the Muslim Brotherhood and the Salafist Movement, or affiliated with a sectarian/ethnic community, such as Hezbollah and the Amal Movement in Lebanon, also have common characteristics.
Above all, they represent communities that are separate from society as a whole, whether for linguistic or ethnic reasons, as is the case with the Amazigh (Berbers) in North Africa or the Kurds in the Middle East, or due to religious/denominational frames-of-reference, as with the Shia and Christian communities in various states, or socio-psychological ones, as with the case of the Islamist trends that seek to impose their religious/moral outlooks on the whole of society.
Often these parties evolve into parallel state entities with their own cultural, religious, educational, social, economic, sporting and, sometimes, paramilitary and policing institutions and agencies.
They also share an ability to mobilise and recruit supporters through their appeals to identity, their relatively strong and cohesive internal structure, and their confrontationist behaviour towards both the central government and the secularist parties.
- Competitive or semi-competitive political environments in which there are regular and transparent elections, the separation of powers, and a system of checks and balances leading to autonomous legislative and judicial authorities with effective powers.
These countries exhibit an effective balance between secularist and identity-based political parties and impartial and professional security establishments. They include Tunisia and some monarchical systems, such as Morocco, Jordan and Kuwait.
- Authoritarian systems in which the executive branch of government has near absolute powers, while the legislative and judicial branches are heavily restricted. These states are characterised by strong military and security agencies with sweeping powers, numerous legal and security restrictions on political party activity, and the extensive use of repressive measures against opposition groups among both the secularist and identity-based trends.
These systems often feature a dominant ruling party, with, perhaps, some acolyte parties, while the opposition parties and forces are excluded from the decision-making processes.
- Traditionalist monarchical systems dominated by a ruling dynasty, independently or in alliance with other traditional entities such as tribes, religious groups and religious establishments. Modernist forces and the educated middle classes are marginalised economically and politically in these states. Fully-fledged political parties do not exist and neither do independent or distinct legislative and judicial branches.
The quasi-parliamentary organs that exist are limited to consultative councils, while the judicial authorities are largely subordinate to the religious authorities.
- Failed or quasi-failed states in which the central government has either collapsed or is too weak to extend effective authority over society as a whole, as is the case in Syria, Libya, Yemen and Iraq.
These conditions facilitate the rise of identity-based political parties and their transformation into militia movements that are sometimes capable of seizing control over sizeable geographic areas and natural resources and exercise state-like functions in the areas under their control. These states are characterised by acute forms of polarisation that can lead to the de facto and sometimes official partition of the country.
Secularist political parties in these areas tend to be extremely weak.
From the foregoing, it can be seen that secularist political parties tend to be stronger in competitive and semi-competitive political environments, which can give rise to a balance between these parties and their identity-based counterparts.
Conversely, the secularist parties weaken under authoritarian and traditional monarchical systems and are at their most fragile in failed and quasi-failed states.
Identity-based parties, by contrast, flourish under the latter conditions and grow less domineering and independent in competitive and semi-competitive environments that can give rise to countervailing forces.
Under authoritarian and traditional monarchical regimes, the identity-based parties tend to be either heavily restricted or co-opted by the ruling regime. In the event of that regime’s decline, the identity-based parties and forces are better poised to rally political support.
Potential scenarios for the evolution of political parties and the environments in which they operate in the Arab world range from the extreme of militia warfare and civil strife to consensual peaceful and democratic resolutions.
The first case could bring increasing social divisions and strife under a weakening central state.
All effective influence of civil/secularist forces would fade as society splits into mutually antagonist sectarian and ethnic groupings, each with its own militia forces and political, socioeconomic and cultural groupings.
Either anarchy would prevail in such circumstances or new authoritarian regimes could arise in the event that one of the rival parties becomes powerful enough to seize and consolidate political and military power and disarm or neutralise its rivals.
Regarding consensual courses that include transitions to constitutional regimes, it is possible to envision the transformation of some authoritarian regimes in the Arab region, such as those in Sudan, Algeria and Egypt, into democratic systems grounded in constitutional frameworks that maintain an effective balance between secularist and identity-based forces.
Societies would experience a reduction in political and social polarisation, the development of civil society structures in favour of civilian and secularist forces, and an increase in the professionalism and political neutrality of the military and security establishments.
Alternatively, the Arab monarchies in which there is currently a margin of institutionalised political competition, as is the case in Morocco, Jordan and Kuwait, might evolve into constitutional monarchies with increased powers vested in elected governments and officials and a decline in the powers of the ruling dynasty to the point that there is an effective equilibrium between diverse political forces.
Perhaps, too, some of the traditionalist monarchies in the Arab region might evolve into democratic or quasi-democratic constitutional monarchies with institutionalised forms of political competition, the growth of autonomous executive, legislative and judicial institutions that are distinct and independent from the ruling dynasty, and the decline in the powers of traditional structures in favour of democratically elected institutions.
|
0.999473 |
50 years ago today, on Friday 7th March 1969, the Victoria line was officially opened. It had been running along a shorter stretch of line from Walthamstow Central to Warren Street since December 1968, but this was the day it finally reached Victoria. It was also the day the Queen opened it, naming it after her great-great-grandmother and going for a ride. Getting the Victoria line built proved a financial and engineering struggle, but taking the modern approach proved a blinding success and today London'd be lost without it.
A (very) quick history: Plans to link Victoria and Finsbury Park by tube first emerged in 1937, identifying a need to link mainline stations and provide an alternative to the busy Piccadilly and Northern lines. It took years to settle what the northern terminus of the line should be, with early suggestions including Chingford, Enfield, Cuffley and Waltham Cross, while possible southern destinations included Morden and Croydon. Lack of funding cut back these more adventurous schemes to a Walthamstow-Victoria core, which was tabled in Parliament in 1954 and finally got the go-ahead in 1962. A southbound extension to Brixton was agreed in 1965, and fully completed in 1972. To read more than four sentences on this subject, try here, here or here.
Victoria line trivia 1: The 'Victoria' name was chosen in 1955, before which the line was known as Route C. Other suggestions were Walvic (Walthamstow–Victoria), Viking (Victoria–King's Cross), Mayfair and West End.
Victoria line trivia 2: A key part of the scheme was to provide easy interchange along the entire route, hence every station but one is served by either National Rail or another Underground line.
Victoria line trivia 3: The laid-back grey and light blue colour scheme was devised by a consultancy firm called The Design Research Unit, whose view was that dynamism would be provided by the people and adverts.
Victoria line trivia 4: The entire line is underground, apart from the staff-only connection to the depot at Northumberland Park.
Victoria line trivia 5: Victoria line tunnels are a bit bigger than their Edwardian counterparts, allowing Victoria line trains to be 4cm wider than those on the Piccadilly, Northern, Jubilee, Bakerloo or Central.
Victoria line trivia 6: The latest Victoria line trains seat 324, and have an official passenger capacity of 864.
Victoria line trivia 7: Although not the busiest tube line, the Victoria line is by far the most intensively used.
Victoria line trivia 8: Trains now run just 100 seconds apart at peak times - that's 36 trains per hour. Daytime frequencies are generally 26tph, but 30tph on Saturday afternoons.
Victoria line trivia 9: Across the tube network, only the Waterloo & City line is shorter.
Victoria line trivia 10: If you fancy 1hr 40 minutes of Victoria line construction documentaries, this link will keep you occupied.
Tile pattern: Showing minimum imagination, but maximum artistry, the silhouette of Queen Victoria was designed by Edward Bawden.
Nearby development: A mighty amount of redevelopment has taken place around Victoria this century, starting off with Cardinal Place and continuing with Nova, Verde and other shiny spiky office behemoths. Even now the area still resembles a building site, the big hole beside the Victoria Palace Theatre a case in point, and every time I'm forced to dodge across the bus station I wonder if it'll ever be finished.
Station development: The first underground station served the District Railway and opened on Victoria Street. For the next 100 years there was no direct connection to central London, which proved increasingly awkward. For the opening of the Victoria line a new subterranean ticket hall was opened between the District line station and the mainline station, with escalators down to the platforms. The 43m foot tunnel connecting the two ticket halls is a 1990s construction. Eventual overcrowding required the building of an additional main entrance beside Cardinal Place (opened 2017) and an extension to the southern ticket hall (opened 2018). Step-free access is now available throughout.
Plaques: The plaque the Queen unveiled fifty years ago has been moved to the foot of the Wilton Road staircase. A brand new plaque has appeared this month, commemorating 150 years of the District line, 50 years of the Victoria line and "the recent station upgrade project", although in reality it's more a sheet of paper in a plastic picture frame because there isn't the money to spend on artisan chiselling these days.
One-way system: Having given the newly enlarged station a few months to bed down, TfL are taking advantage of fresh connections by closing the Victoria line escalators for repair. A one-way system kicked off a couple of weeks ago, and will continue until summer next year, affecting anyone attempting interchange with or access to the Victoria line. I attempted the trek from the southern ticket hall to the Victoria line platforms and was directed by signs and staff along a sinuous foot tunnel, then sharp left to the shorter escalators usually used for District line access. It only took two minutes in the middle of a weekday, but if this is your regular commute for the next 16 months my sympathies.
Down below: You know what a Victoria line platform looks like by now. One extra thing to look out for here is the black and blue tiling of Design Work Leisure, an Art On The Underground project we last met at Blackhorse Road.
Inbetween: The concourse between the platforms is divided into two distinct parts, one of which (normally) leads to the southern ticket hall. The other half has two sets of facing escalators, one to the District line (in the centre of the platforms) and the other to Cardinal Place. One consequence of the odd spacing is that "Please Pass Along The Platform" signs are needed to spread passengers away from the point of entry.
Factnugget: Victoria was the southern terminus of the Victoria line for 868 days... so see you back here in July 2021.
All the photos: Ninety-two, here (or slideshow here).
|
0.999779 |
Modafinil is a compound whose intended purpose is to induce wakefulness. It has been commonly used by individuals such as military personnel and medical residents in order to maintain wakefulness in order to "get the job done" under stressful conditions.
Modafinil is a synthetic molecule, and it is commonly prescribed to induce wakefulness. A common use case is for the purpose of staying awake during night shifts (e.g., for medical residents in hospitals, or security guards or military personnel working night shifts). The trade name for modafinil is Provigil.
The chemical name for modafinil is 2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide. The base structure is an acetamide, with a diphenylmethyl-sulfinyl group attached to the secondary carbon of the acetamide.
Modafinil is a synthetic compound that has been used clinically to induce wakefulness.
In terms of pharmacological effects, there are several main ones. Modafinil acts on the dopamine transporter, which normally controls the amount of dopamine that is taken up at the presynaptic axon terminal of a neuron. Upon binding the transporter, modafinil prevents the dopamine from being taken up, therefore leading to increased amounts of dopamine staying in the synapse. This is important because a higher level of dopamine in the synapse leads to increased chance of stimulatory activity. Dopamine generally carries many effects including increased motivation and increase attention span. Furthermore, dopamine can lead to improved speed, accuracy, and long-term memory consolidation.1Note that this specific effect of modafinil takes place mostly in the hypothalamus.
It is important to note that there are adverse effects for modafinil in some individuals. These effects are usually due to significantly increased activity of dopamine. Known adverse effects that occur in over 10% of individuals include diarrhea, nervousness, and anxiety.
Studies comparing modafinil and caffeine have actually demonstrated that higher dosages of modafinil may not be as effective as caffeine, but higher dosages yield similar effects as caffeine. One important study has highlighted5In particular, it was found that dosages of 400 mg modafinil led to reaction times that were similar to those yielded by 600 mg caffeine (n=49, P-value <0.001).
It has been shown that high dosages of modafinil (400 mg) can lead individuals to exhibit similar reaction times as they would experience if taking 600 mg caffeine.
While it has not been directly studied, it would be interesting to see a head-to-head comparison between modafinil and caffeine the blend of caffeine and theanine. This would be a great scientific question because studies have shown that the combination of caffeine and theanine has been more effected than using caffeine alone. For example, it has been shown that the caffeine-theanine combination has resulted in a 20% improvement in the item recall in reaction times using the simple reaction time test.7More information about these effects can be found in the Caffeine-Theanine page.
Yes, the benefits of modafinil on attention and wakefulness have been substantiated in a long history of studies. That still doesn't mean we recommend it. Unfortunately, modafinil is not an FDA classified Generally Regarded as Safe (GRAS) compound. Furthermore, there are a myriad of side effects, the most alarming of which are withdrawal symptoms including headache and elevated fatigue (i.e., "crash"). Future research should dive into how to make compounds that carry beneficial effects of modafinil but with limited withrawal symptoms.
Wesensten, N. J. (2006). Effects of modafinil on cognitive performance and alertness during sleep deprivation. Current pharmaceutical design, 12(20), 2457-2471.
Baranski, J. V., Gil, V., McLellan, T. M., Moroz, D., Buguet, A., & Radomski, M. (2002). Effects of modafinil on cognitive performance during 40 hr of sleep deprivation in a warm environment. Military Psychology, 14(1), 23.
Caldwell Jr, J. A., Caldwell, J. L., Smyth III, N. K., & Hall, K. K. (2000). A double-blind, placebo-controlled investigation of the efficacy of modafinil for sustaining the alertness and performance of aviators: a helicopter simulator study. Psychopharmacology, 150(3), 272-282.
Wesensten, N., Belenky, G., Kautz, M. A., Thorne, D. R., Reichardt, R. M., & Balkin, T. J. (2002). Maintaining alertness and performance during sleep deprivation: modafinil versus caffeine. Psychopharmacology, 159(3), 238-247.
Randall, D. C., Shneerson, J. M., & File, S. E. (2005). Cognitive effects of modafinil in student volunteers may depend on IQ. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 82(1), 133-139.
|
0.999278 |
Studying how people get along with one another A. has little use outside the workplace B. can improve a person's personal life. C. for most people is a difficult thing to do. D. won't help a worker become more productive.
Studying how people get along with one another can improve a person's personal life.
|
0.999485 |
Which term is described below?
- The development of this ended "Hunting and Gathering" by early humans.
- Allowed for the "Division of Labor" in a society.
The most common type of agriculture found in DEVELOPED countries is agriculture.
The Olmec were an Agricultural civilization.
An Agricultural civilization is a farming civilization.
The introduction of agriculture leads to and .
Agriculture is farming and ranching.
early people had to become nomads.
there was no longer a need for water.
crops could be grown in the tundra.
people had a reliable food source.
people were able to obtain food without moving around.
people were able to learn about tobacco.
When food is produced by a family for its own needs this is called .
In the rain forest regions of South America, farmers use a technique known as shifting agriculture or .
increase spending on defense and trade.
help farmers pay for their seeds and feed for the animals.
pay farmers to dispose of excess crops and livestock.
regulate the stock market and make trade investments safer.
Describe the agricultural phase of Education.
What change led to the Agricultural Revolution?
People learned how to gather fruits and nuts.
People began to use machines to make goods.
Humans began to move from place to place to hunt animals.
People learned to grow food by planting seeds.
|
0.998164 |
This article is about the human mtDNA haplogroup. For the unrelated human Y-DNA haplogroup, see Haplogroup A (Y-DNA).
In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup A is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.
mtDNA-based chart of possible large human migrations.
Haplogroup A is believed to have arisen in Asia some 30,000–50,000 years before present. Its ancestral haplogroup was Haplogroup N. However, the extant diversity of mitochondrial genomes that belong to Haplogroup A is low relative to the degree of divergence from its nearest outgroups in haplogroup N, which suggests that extant members of Haplogroup A might be descended from a population that has emerged from a bottleneck approximately 20,000 years ago.
Its highest frequencies are among Native Americans, its largest overall population is in East Asia, and its greatest variety (which suggests its origin point) is in East Asia. Thus, it might have originated in and spread from the Far East.
Its subclade A2 shares a T16362C mutation with subclades A1 (found in Japan, Tashkurgan, Veliky Novgorod, Mongols, and Altaians), A6 (found in Tibet and in the Yangtze River basin), A12'23 (found in Siberia and among Uralic and Turkic peoples), A13'14 (found in southern Siberia, Xinjiang, Ladakh, China, Yunnan, Thailand, and Vietnam), A15 (found in China, Naxi, Uyghur, Japan, and among the Sherpa of Tibet and Nepal), A16 (found in Uyghur, Buryat, Turkey), A17 (found in China, Miao, Yi, Tibet, Ladakh, Kyrgyz, Thailand, and Vietnam), A18 (found in China), A19 (found in China), A20 (found among Han Chinese and in Japan), A21 (found in Tibet and in Jammu and Kashmir), A22 (found in China), A24 (found in Beijing and West Bohemia), A25 (found in Japan and Yakutia), and A26 (found in Denmark). A2 is found in Chukotko–Kamchatka and is also one of five mtDNA haplogroups found in the indigenous peoples of the Americas, the others being B, C, D, and X.
Haplogroup A2 is the most common haplogroup among the Inuit, Na-Dene, and many Amerind ethnic groups of North and Central America. Lineages belonging to haplogroup A2 also comprise the majority of the mtDNA pool of the Inuit and their neighbors, the Chukchis, in northeasternmost Siberia.
Other branches of haplogroup A are less frequent but widespread among other populations of Asia. Haplogroup A5 is rather limited to populations from Korea and Japan southward, though it has been detected as singletons in a pair of large samples of Khamnigans (1/99 = 1.0%) and Buryats (1/295 = 0.3%) from the Buryat Republic.
In Asia, A(xA2) is especially frequent in Tibeto-Burman-speaking populations of Southwest China, such as Tibetans (6/65 = 9.2%, 25/216 = 11.6%, 11/73 = 15.1%). Approximately 7% to 15% of Koreans belong to haplogroup A. Approximately 5% to 12% of the Japanese belong to haplogroup A (including A4, A5, and A(xA4, A5)). Approximately 4% to 13% of Mongols belong to haplogroup A, almost all of whom are contained within the A4 subclade (2/47 = 4.3% Mongolians from Ulan Bator in haplogroup A4, 4/48 = 8.3% Mongols from New Barag Left Banner in haplogroup A(xA5), 6/47 = 12.8% Mongolians from Ulan Bator in haplogroup A4). Approximately 3% to 9% of Chinese people belong to haplogroup A. Haplogroup A also has been found in Vietnamese (2/42 = 4.8%, including one A4 and one A5(xA5a)). Approximately 4% (3/71) of Tatars from Aznakayevo, 3% (4/126) of Tatars from Buinsk, and 2% of Turkish people belong to haplogroup A. Haplogroup A4 has been found in 2.4% (2/82) of a sample of Persians from eastern Iran and in 2.3% (1/44) of a sample of Tajiks from Tajikistan. Haplogroup A is not found among Austronesians.
This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup A subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation and subsequent published research.
In his popular book The Seven Daughters of Eve, Bryan Sykes named the originator of this mtDNA haplogroup Aiyana.
Eva Longoria, an American actress of Mexican descent is Haplogroup A2.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Haplogroup A (mtDNA).
^ a b Fagundes, Nelson J.R.; Ricardo Kanitz; Roberta Eckert; Ana C.S. Valls; Mauricio R. Bogo; Francisco M. Salzano; David Glenn Smith; Wilson A. Silva; Marco A. Zago; Andrea K. Ribeiro-dos-Santos; Sidney E.B. Santos; Maria Luiza Petzl-Erler; Sandro L.Bonatto (2008). "Mitochondrial Population Genomics Supports a Single Pre-Clovis Origin with a Coastal Route for the Peopling of the Americas" (PDF). American Journal of Human Genetics. 82 (3): 583–592. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2007.11.013. PMC 2427228. PMID 18313026. Retrieved 2009-11-19.
^ a b c d Tanaka, Masashi; et al. (2004). "Mitochondrial Genome Variation in Eastern Asia and the Peopling of Japan". Genome Research. 14 (10A): 1832–1850. doi:10.1101/gr.2286304. PMC 524407. PMID 15466285.
^ Natalia V. Volodko, Elena B. Starikovskaya, Ilya O. Mazunin et al., "Mitochondrial Genome Diversity in Arctic Siberians, with Particular Reference to the Evolutionary History of Beringia and Pleistocenic Peopling of the Americas", The American Journal of Human Genetics 82, 1084–1100, May 2008. DOI 10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.03.019.
^ Marchani, EE; Watkins, WS; Bulayeva, K; Harpending, HC; Jorde, LB (2008). "Culture creates genetic structure in the Caucasus: Autosomal, mitochondrial, and Y-chromosomal variation in Daghestan". BMC Genetics. 9: 47. doi:10.1186/1471-2156-9-47. PMC 2488347. PMID 18637195.
^ Takehiro SATO, Tetsuya AMANO, Hiroko ONO et al., "Mitochondrial DNA haplogrouping of the Okhotsk people based on analysis of ancient DNA: an intermediate of gene flow from the continental Sakhalin people to the Ainu", Anthropological Science Vol. 117(3), 171–180, 2009.
^ Cite error: The named reference Lippold2014 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "First Americans Endured 20,000-Year Layover – Jennifer Viegas, Discovery News". Archived from the original on 2012-03-13. Retrieved 2009-11-18.
|
0.999264 |
In addition to being a fun and exciting recreational activity, kayaking has important health benefits. Kayaking combines low-impact strength training and aerobic exercise with the relaxing effects of outdoor activities. Since kayaking can be done in almost any body of water, there are opportunities to change the scenery and enjoy the invigoration of outdoor exploration while also getting the benefits of exercise. Below are some of the ways that kayaking can improve your health and well-being.
One health benefit of kayaking is that it is an aerobic exercise. To get a kayak moving requires some work and will increase the heart rate which has a number of benefits. Aerobic exercise is extremely important and necessary for weight loss. Kayaking may burn between 200 and 400 calories per hour depending on the speed and effort put into it. Burning calories is an important aspect of weight loss. Since it is low impact and enjoyable, many people will spend hours at a time on the water which can really add up. Compare this to using a stationary bicycle or elliptical indoors which may burn calories at a higher rate but would not be enjoyable for hours at a time and does not include the beautiful scenery and fresh air that kayaking does.
Since kayaking is an aerobic exercise, it can help improve cardiovascular health and endurance. While kayaking may make you feel tired, over time kayaking regularly will help strengthen your heart. When your heart gets stronger, it pumps blood more efficiently which improves circulation and may even lower blood pressure. In addition to strengthening your heart, kayaking regularly for exercise can increase your good cholesterol (HDL) while decreasing your bad cholesterol (LDL) which can help keep your arteries clear. Clearer arteries will reduce the risk of heart disease, heart attack, and stroke.
Rowing or paddling works the muscles of the upper body: arms, shoulders, chest and back. The water provides resistance to help build strength without high impact which can injure joints. Since kayaking may require hundreds of strokes per mile, it acts as a low impact workout that will strengthen and tone the muscles of the upper body. In addition to strengthening your upper body, paddling requires some core strength and movement. Twisting from side to side to paddle a kayak engages your abdominal and oblique muscles. Training these core muscles can improve posture, increase the support for the spine to help prevent back pain, and improve balance.
Exercise releases endorphins which improve your sense of well-being. This means that, in addition to the physical health benefits of kayaking, the aerobic exercise can improve your mood and feeling healthier may also boost self-confidence. While these benefits may be present for most exercise, kayaking adds the beneficial effects of time spent outdoors compared to running on a treadmill or using a rowing machine at your gym. Kayaking allows you to relax and unwind by enjoy the sights and soothing sounds of nature while also allowing you to get the exercise your body needs.
There is safety in numbers, so never kayak alone.
Take kayaking lessons until you have mastered things like turning, controlling speed, recognizing currents, getting back up after tipping over, and performing a wet exit.
Always wear the proper clothing to protect you from cold water and/or searing sunlight.
Know the kayaking regulations and always respect the environment.
All kayakers should be strong swimmers and know CPR.
Carry a first aid kit, waterproof matches or a lighter, flares, sunscreen and a flashlight at all times.
Be conscious of weather forecasts and carry a weather radio with you. Keep maps and a compass on hand in case your cell phone (which should be fully-charged and kept on hand in a sealed container for emergencies) is able to help with navigation.
Stay hydrated and keep your life vest on and secured properly at all times. You should use a leash for your paddle and it might also a good idea to keep a water pump handy. Lastly, be courteous to other kayakers, boaters, swimmers, etc. so the water can be a safe and enjoyable place for everyone.
Kayaking isn’t only easy to learn; your mind and body will thank you, whether you kayak as a hobby or for sport. It doesn’t cost much to rent a kayak, take a few lessons or go kayaking with some experienced friends, and almost everyone has a body of water nearby that’s perfect for new kayakers. Where is your favorite spot to go kayaking for fishing or just to relax and enjoy nature? Let us know in the Comments section below.
← Did you forget about the POPCORN?
|
0.991078 |
The Analytical Writing Assessment (AWA) consists of one 30-minute writing task called the Analysis of an Argument. In this section, you must read a brief argument, analyze the reasoning behind it, and then write a critique of the argument.
"The computerized on-board warning system that will be installed in commercial airliners will virtually solve the problem of midair plane collisions. One plane’s warning system can receive signals from another’s transponder—a radio set that signals a plane’s course—in order to determine the likelihood of a collision and recommend evasive action. "
Merely based on unfounded assumptions and dubious (suspicious) evidence, the statement draws a conclusion that_____. To substantiate (support) the conclusion, the arguer points out evidence that_____. In addition, he indicates that_____. (Furthermore, he cites the result of a survey in support of his recommendation). At first glance, the author’s argument appears to be convincing, but further reflection reveals that it omits some essential concerns that should be addressed to substantiate the argument. From my point of view, this argument suffers from 2/3 major logical flaws.
To sum up, this arguer fails to substantiate his claim that_____, because the evidence cited in the analysis does not lend strong support to what the arguer maintains. Therefore, if the argument had included the given factors discussed above, it would have been more thorough and logically acceptable.
|
0.998319 |
image: refugees carrying bundles of possessions, one wheeling a pram, whilst another is mounted on horseback. They pass a figure lying on the ground. The sun can be seen in the top of the composition.
Mary Kessell was sent to Germany in August 1945 to record the plight of the millions of refugees moving through Europe in the aftermath of the German surrender. The following extract is from her diary: "Berlin Tuesday 10 September 1945The afternoon at the railway station Berlin. Shall I ever forget them? I saw not a single train come in – or leave. . . . The scenes were quite the worst I’ve witnessed. Like Goya come to life. People sitting & lolling & sleeping – waiting for the trains that might come today or perhaps come tomorrow. Filthy, lousy, abject bundles of humanity. Utterly apathetic – just bundles. I had to tell myself that God loved them & cared where they got to – till the tears poured down my face. German soldiers – home with nothing on their feet, filthy clothes – unshaven – stinking – limbless bundles with great eyes . . .Remember for ever those things that war has made – I felt so ashamed standing there in my uniform & clean shoes, saying ‘no’ when I was asked for a cigarette".
|
0.967223 |
Habitat: Zebra Finches inhabit a wide range of grasslands and forests, usually close to water. They are typically found in open steppes with scattered bushes and trees.
Subspecies: Taeniopygia guttata guttata, the Timor Zebra Finch, extends from Lombok in the Lesser Sunda Islands or Nusa Tenggara in Indonesia to Sermata, in addition to coastal areas around the continent of Australia. Taeniopygia guttata castanotis is found over the wide range of continental Australia. Song and other vocalizzation: Zebra Finches are loud and boisterous singers. Their calls can be a loud "beep", "meep", "oi!" or "a-ha!". Their song is a few small beeps, leading up to a rhythmic song of varying complexity in males. Each male's song is different, although birds of the same bloodline will exhibit similarities, and all finches will overlay their own uniqueness onto a common rhythmic framework. Sons generally learn the song of their fathers with little variation. Songs may change during puberty, but afterwards they are locked in for the life of the bird. Scientific research at Japan's RIKEN institute has suggested that singing to females is an emotionally rewarding experience for male Zebra Finches. Male Zebra Finches begin to sing at puberty, while females lack a singing ability.
|
0.999999 |
Industrial Design Engineers are a cross between a mechanical engineer and an artist. Industrial Design Engineers study both function and form, and the connection between the product and the user. Industrial Design Engineers do not design the gears or motors that make machines move or the circuits that control the movement. And usually, they partner with engineers and marketers, to identify and fulfil needs, wants and expectations.
Although the process of design may be considered 'creative', many analytical processes also take place. In fact, many industrial designers often use various design methodologies in their creative process. Some of the processes that are commonly used are user research, sketching, comparative product research, model making, prototyping and testing. These processes can be chronological, or as best defined by the designers and/or other team members.
What does an industrial design engineer do?
Industrial Designers often utilize 3D software, Industrial Design Engineers include computer-aided industrial design and CAD programs to move from concept to production. Product characteristics specified by the industrial designer may include the overall form of the object, the location of details with respect to one another, colours, texture, sounds, and aspects concerning the use of the product ergonomics.
Industrial Design Engineers may specify aspects concerning the production process, choice of materials and the way the product is presented to the consumer at the point of sale. Industrial Design Engineers use of industrial designers in a product development process may lead to added values by improved usability, lowered production costs and more appealing products. However, some classic industrial designs are considered as much works of art as works of engineering: the iPod, Coke bottle, and VW Beetle are frequently-cited examples.
|
0.932571 |
According to its main system-level characteristics, Yiddish belongs to the High German branch of West Germanic languages. During its development, it underwent an important influence of Hebrew. In modern times, we can distinguish three main varieties of Yiddish: (1) Western Yiddish in western German-speaking territories; (2) Yiddish spoken until the 20th century in Central Europe (Czech and East German lands), and (3) Eastern Yiddish in eastern Europe. From the point of view of Germanistics, it is appropriate to consider that the inception of Yiddish varieties corresponds to the Early New High German period (1350–1650). It was during that period that the Jewish vernacular idiom started to have system-level differences in comparison to the dialects spoken by German Christians, namely, in phonology and grammar. Before that period, differences surely existed in such domains, surface level for any language, as orthography and lexicon. The German dialects from southern Germany represent the linguistic basis for Western Yiddish. The medieval Bohemian dialect of German represents the linguistic basis for Yiddish spoken in Central Europe and eastern Europe. Due to permanent contacts with the Slavic Christian population, Eastern Yiddish underwent numerous changes in all of its systems due to the strong influence of Polish, Ukrainian, and Belarusian. It eventually branched into three subdialects: Lithuanian Yiddish, Polish Yiddish, and Ukrainian Yiddish. In modern times, in numerous countries the decline of the use of Yiddish as a living language was related to the assimilation of local Jews to the culture of the Gentile majority. At the end of the 18th century and during the 19th century it was the case in various German-speaking provinces of Central Europe and western Europe where local Jews abandoned Yiddish in favor to German. Similar shifts to the dominant non-Jewish languages took place during the 20th century in various western European countries. In the USSR, during the 1920s and the 1930s the shift to Russian was already well advanced. For those who survived the Holocaust, the assimilation accelerated during the following decades. In Poland, Lithuania, Hungary, and Romania, Yiddish-speaking communities were decimated by the Holocaust. In North America, most immigrant families shifted to English within a generation or two. Yet, because of a permanent influx of masses of native speakers between the 1880s and the 1920s, Yiddish was actively used until the mid-20th century even in certain secular Jewish groups. However, during the second half of the 20th century its decline was accelerated outside of certain Haredi groups.
Several books present a general description of various aspects of the Yiddish language and its dialects, addressing topics from both synchronic and diachronic linguistic perspectives. The scope of Birnbaum 1979 and Jacobs 2005 is similar enough. Yet, Jacobs—in contrast to Birnbaum—uses a more standard terminology and its descriptive methods fit international standards of this scholarly domain. For Yiddish studies, the main interest of both books consists in the description they provide of synchronic aspects of Eastern Yiddish and its subdialects.
Birnbaum, Solomon. 1979. Yiddish: A survey and a grammar. Toronto: Univ. of Toronto Press.
The author, Solomon (Salomo) Birnbaum (b. 1891–d. 1989) filled the first worldwide Yiddish chair (Hamburg University, 1922–1933) and was among the pioneers in the domain of scholarly Yiddish studies. The book provides the description of topics he studied during his life: history and age of Yiddish, elements of Yiddish, “spontaneous development” (innovations internal to Yiddish), and dialects, script and sounds, morphology, and syntax (based on the Yiddish dialect of Poland).
Jacobs, Neil G. 2005. Yiddish: A linguistic introduction. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press.
A comprehensive up-to-date and detailed description of various linguistic aspects of Yiddish. Includes sections on the history of the language, dialectology, phonology, morphology, syntax, and sociolinguistics. The description of Yiddish grammar is mainly focused on Standard Yiddish though the author also regularly provides useful information concerning the dialectal peculiarities of various Eastern Yiddish dialects.
|
0.693067 |
Algerian Arabic, or Algerian (known as Darja, or Dziria in Algeria) is a language derived from a variety of the Arabic languages spoken in northern Algeria.
Shawiya Berber, also spelled Chaouïa (native form: Tacawit [θaʃawiθ]), is an Afroasiatic language of the Berber branch.
Shilha /ˈʃɪlhə/ is a Berber language native to Shilha people.
Gurara (Gourara) is the Zenati Berber language of the Gourara (Tigurarin) region, an archipelago of oases surrounding Timimoun in southwestern Algeria.
Ghadames (Berber: Ɛdimes, [ʕdimes] or Ɣdames, [Ɣdames]; Arabic: غدامس, [ɣadaːmes]) is a Berber language that is spoken in the oasis town of Ghadames in Nalut District, Libya.
Algerian Saharan Arabic (also known as Saharan Arabic, Tamanrasset Arabic, Tamanghasset Arabic) is a structurally distinct variety of Arabic spoken by an estimated 100,000 people in Algeria, predominantly along the Moroccan border with the Atlas mountains range.
Kabyle /kəˈbaɪl/ or Kabylian /kəˈbaɪliən/ (native names: Taqbaylit, [ˈθɐqβæjlɪθ] , Tamaziɣt Taqbaylit, or Tazwawt) is a Berber language spoken by the Kabyle people in the north and northeast of Algeria.
Central Atlas Tamazight language (also known as Central Morocco Tamazight, Middle Atlas Tamazight, Tamazight, Central Shilha, and, rarely, Braber; native name: ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ Tamazight [tæmæˈzɪɣt], [θæmæˈzɪɣθ]) is a Berber language of the Afro-Asiatic language family, spoken by 3 to 5 million people in the Atlas mountains of Central Morocco, as well as by smaller emigrant communities in France and elsewhere.
Mozabite, or Tunżabt, is a dialect of the Berber language spoken by the Mozabites, an Ibadi group inhabiting the seven cities of the M'zab natural region in the northern Saharan Algeria.
Algerian Sign Language (French: Langue des signes algérienne (LSA), Tamazight: Tamslayt Tadugamt n Lezzayer, Arabic: لغة الإشارة الجزائر ) is the sign language most commonly used in Algeria.
South Oran Berber or Figuig Berber (Figig) is a cluster of the Zenati Berber dialects.
The Mediterranean Lingua Franca or Sabir was a pidgin language used as a lingua franca in the Mediterranean Basin from the 11th to the 19th century.
Ouargli, or Teggargrent (also Twargrit, Təggəngusit), is a Zenati Berber language.
African Romance or African Latin is an extinct Romance language that is supposed to have been spoken in the Roman province of Africa during the later Roman and early Byzantine Empires, prior to the annexation of the region by the Umayyad Caliphate in 696.
The Tuwat language (Touat) is a Zenati Berber language.
The Tugurt language, also known as Oued Righ Berber and Temacine Tamazight, is a Zenati Berber variety spoken in some of the oases of the northeastern Oued Righ region around Touggourt in Algeria.
Jijeli, or Jijel Arabic, is a variety of Arabic spoken specifically in the Jijel Province in northeastern Algeria, but traces of it reach parts of the neighboring Skikda and Mila Provinces.
Korandje (Kwaranje; kwạṛa n dzyəy, Arabic: البلبالية) is by far the most northerly of the Songhay languages.
Beni Snous is a dialect of Riffian Berber spoken near Tlemcen in Algeria.
Shenwa, also spelled Chenoua (autonym Haqbaylit̠), is a Berber language spoken in Jebel Chenoua in Algeria just west of Algiers, and in the provinces of Tipaza (including Cherchell) and Chlef.
Algerian Braille was a braille alphabet used to write the Arabic language in Algeria.
Tamahaq is the only known Northern Tuareg language spoken in Algeria, western Libya, and northern Niger.
|
0.99774 |
Sfintii Apostoli Petru si Pavel sunt praznuiti de catre Biserica Ortodoxa la data de 29 iunie a fiecarui an. Acestia sunt sarbatoriti impreuna datorita faptului ca ambii s-au savarsit la Roma. Sfantului Apostol Pavel i s-a taiat capul iar Sfantul Apostol Petru a fost rastignit cu capul in jos. Conform Sinaxarului, moastele celor doi apostoli au fost puse impreuna. Conform cercetarilor recente, Petru a fost rastignit in anul 64, iar Pavel a fost decapitat in anul 67. Petru si Pavel sunt, de asemenea, autori a unor epistole incluse de catre Biserica in textele canonice ale Noului Testament (Pavel -14; Petru – 2). Acestia sunt considerati ca fiind printre cei mai importanti oameni care au luat parte la Biserica lui Hristos.
"I don't mind about the war, that's one of the things I _like_ to watch, if it's a war going on, 'cause then I know if our side's winning, if our side's losing..."
Acum 125 de ani, în ziua de 15 iunie 1889, pleca dintre noi Mihai Eminescu, „cel mai mare poet pe care l-a ivit şi-l va ivi vreodată, poate, pământul românesc”. Fără Eminescu, am fi fost mai săraci, mai goi, mai puţin români. Şi-a închiat viaţa slujirii neamului său, pe care l-a iubit ca nimeni altul, arzând ca o flacără pentru idealul libertăţii şi unităţii naţionale.
Sase morti, peste 1.000 de raniti, sute de persoane arestate si o interventie in forta a minerilor impotriva protestatarilor din Piata Universitatii, acesta a fost bilantul mineriadei desfasurata in perioada 13-15 iunie 1990 in Bucuresti. Anul acesta se implinesc 24 de ani de la mineriada din iunie 1990, considerata cea mai brutala si mai violenta dintre toate cele sase mineriade care au avut loc in Romania dupa 1989. Desi, potrivit datelor oficiale, sase persoane si-au pierdut viata in urma violentelor, patru dintre ele fiind impuscate, asociatiile victimelor mineriadelor sustin ca numarul lor s-ar ridica la peste 100 de persoane. Dupa 24 de ani, bilantul real al evenimentelor din vara lui 1990 ramane neclar.
In June 1990, the Romanian authorities violently suppressed the peaceful demonstration of University Square in Bucharest. For many, that gesture showed that the ruling National Salvation Front, the self-proclaimed vanguard of the Romanian Revolution of December 1989, was just the old Communist Party under a new label and that President Ion Iliescu had remained true to the Stalinist convictions he shared while serving as a communist high-ranking decision maker during the 1950s and the 1960s. Iliescu called on the miners of the Valea Jiului to come to Bucharest to defend the nascent democracy against the protesters. Various national and local government members helped organize the transportation of the miners to Bucharest. Once in the capital, the miners beat up defenseless students, young girls with short skirts and men with beard (conforming to the bourgeois stereotype), destroyed property, and ransacked the headquarters of opposition political parties. Iliescu publicly thanked them for their bravery. During the 1990s, the miners came or tried to come to Bucharest five other times.
During the following twenty years, the civil society unsuccessfully tried to find out the truth about those events. In 1998, it asked for access to file 75/P/1998, prepared by a small team of prosecutors and gathering evidence of state brutality against peaceful protesters. Curiously, At the time when that request was made, the country was ruled by the anticommunist opposition, the Democratic Convention. From 2000 to 2004, when the Social Democrats (the conservative wing of the Salvation Front) formed the government and Iliescu again served as President, all efforts to prosecute the case were stalled, for obvious reasons. But the situation continued even after their political rivals, the Democrats (later renamed the Democrat-Liberals) and the Liberals, won the general elections of 2004. After the European Court of Human Rights ordered the Romanian state to surrender the file to the victims of the June 1990 mineriada. But for over a year the Romanian prosecutors refused to comply with that court order. It was only after the leader of the Association 21 December 1989, Teodor Mihaes, went of hunger strike for a staggering 78 days that the entire copy of the file was released to the civil society.
The project came to life in 2005. The idea behind it was, at the time and still is that we are not alone. We were very much aware that this form of theatre that we propose to the cultural world of Romania – a non-verbal theatre, focusing on gesture and body expression – is part of an European network of institutions or people with the same artistic creed. As a valid example of this affiliation, Mask Theatre is part of Lecoq Network, which includes all European theaters established by students of the former great teacher. From this sense of belonging to an European community emerged naturally the initiative of a festival that we named EUROPEAN MASKS VISIT… THE MASK.
or that the game is all about who laughs the last.
exposes his neuroses to their view.
But how could they know what was false and what was true?
to find relief in the shelter of the dark, most telling mask.
alone, he opens to the world… but it's much too late.
He's been left, in the end, without a face.
|
0.999984 |
Everyone can tell a good story, even a good business story. As soon as you ask people to talk about the latest report or quarterly numbers, however, they freeze up. "I hate numbers!" they say. "I'll just put the numbers up on a slide, and everyone can figure it out for themselves."
There are even some studies that say we have a love/hate relationship with numbers, but instead of freezing up in the face of business data, why not combine it with storytelling? Storytelling is easy for us, and we like to do it. By combining the two, the numbers become a simple ingredient in our stories, and they're much less intimidating.
Data-driven storytelling is all about revealing the stories hidden within your data and highlighting the story first and the data second. Here are five kinds of stories you can tell with your data.
Google Trends is a great example of using data to explain and demonstrate the trends going on around the world. They create visualizations, videos, and images to explain global search trends, as well as explain how they create stories around their data.
Takeaway: Figure out how to leverage your data to answer your audience's most pressing questions. Then point them towards the information that matters most to them.
Identify the best/worst performance: Marketing teams love to do this by ranking their top performing content. Understanding what content works best and where helps them focus on the channels that provide the most value to the company and eliminate the channels that are underperforming. Customer success teams can use similar rankings to determine where their information gaps are and then fill in those gaps to help customers better. As you analyze the performance of channels, campaigns, projects, etc., you'll uncover more insights by ranking the data you have for your teams.
Takeaway: Leverage ranking lists to identify the best and worst performing channels or area of your business, then optimize resources accordingly.
Write deeper comparison stories: Many companies use data to compare themselves to their competitors and demonstrate how they're outperforming the market. This data helps them highlight their unique differentiators and position themselves better than their competitors. When comparing data, it's important to show the whole picture to accurately uncover the reasons behind the high (or low) numbers. For example, your competitor's software adoption rates may appear higher than the industry average, but that is due to the fact that they have fewer customers than most of the industry.
Takeaway: Dig deeper into your comparison numbers to illustrate the differences between the two areas you're comparing; they'll be more meaningful to readers.
Surprise readers with your data findings: Anyone can write a story that confirms their data; how about writing one that surprises readers? Like how the increase in MRR leads to a decrease in employee attrition rates? Or how the new health benefits plan you implemented this year increased customer NPS? You may be surprised at the stories and data you're able to combine when you're looking for the surprise angle.
Takeaway: Intrigue readers by combining unexpected data with stories and make your stories more memorable. Readers will remember it more.
Explore relationships with multiple datasets: Finally, we come to a little relationship exploration in storytelling. Specifically, exploring the relationship between two sets of data and the story that tells. Use the story to predict outcomes, link behavior to results, or highlight areas for further research.
Takeaway: Stories can be written with more than one dataset, so explore the relationship between two or more datasets to deepen the story's impact. Readers will appreciate the different perspectives the datasets bring to the story.
We're all storytellers at heart, so give your stories more weight and proof by backing them up with the abundance of data you're already collecting. Data-driven storytelling delivers more value to readers and will help drive decision making throughout your organization.
Have you been consciously using data-driven storytelling techniques in your company? Hit the comments and let us know how it's going.
|
0.992489 |
I am a 23 year old Belgian traveling through Asia and I'm currently in Laos.
I would like to travel to China on the 19th of November 2016 and would like to apply for a visa, I will be in Vientiane in a few days.
Could you please give me some information on how I might go about it ?
Terry, you should first prepare the relevant materials: your passport and its copy, the application form, a passport-style photo, your valid visa for Laos, and proof of your transportation and accommodation arrangement. After, submit the application to the embassy of China to apply for the visa.
|
0.999984 |
What are the types of Internships available?
Time of year or Project specific. These internships only run for a set duration during the year, such as over a summer or winter break or they may be project specific to a department or position internships.
Industry. Internship programs are also classified by industry; this usually corresponds with the interns' career interest. While there are obviously hundreds of possibilities, some of the most common include marketing internships, advertising internships, finance internships, entertainment industry internships, legal internships, technology internships, fashion internships, PR internships, and publishing internships.
Paid versus unpaid internships. Paid internships and unpaid internships are another method of classification. Unpaid Internships can also be part of an individual's extracurricular plan to gain experience.
Curriculum-related internships. This may be for-credit internships and not-for-credit internships and are not always in exchange for college or university credit. These internships may be paid or unpaid depending on the employer and what is required of the participant for the position. These internships can be part of academic coursework required by the institution. When an internship is performed in exchange for college credit, the assigning of credit is strictly between the student and his or her school.
While there are various types of internships, all share one common denominator: The intern strives to meet certain learning objectives. Such objectives are often formally reflected upon and evaluated by both the intern and the internship supervisor.
|
0.999991 |
Why and how is your recommended policy better than existing policies for this issue?
Policy Paper – Section 1 – Defining a Current Policy Issue The first section should be 3-4 pages in length, excluding the title page and references page. Select a current policy issue and research it using various news and journal sources. Examples of policy issues are utilization of computers in government, poverty, the community drug problem, homelessness, the city planning process, the role of government in controlling crime, local taxation, the prison system, and public health. You do not need to obtain prior approval for your selected topic, though I am happy to review and provide feedback if you request. Note: this section is not graded until the completed paper is turned in at the end of the course.
Your analysis will include: a) a detailed statement of the issue, b) the organizations, interests, and officials involved in the issue, c) an explanation of the connection to public administration, and d) a general analysis of the issue. As part of this assessment, you will review and critique at least 3 journal articles, in addition to other news and scholarly sources. Your section should have at least 10 sources, total. The three journal articles must come from a peer-reviewed journal in your field of interest. Acceptable journals include, but are not limited to: Public Administration Review, Administration and Society, Public Administration Quarterly, International Journal of Public Administration, Public Budgeting and Finance, Review of Public Personnel Administration, Policy Studies Review, Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, Policy Studies Journal, American Review of Public Administration, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, and Journal of Public Policy. The article reviews should: a) clearly identify the paper’s research questions/hypotheses, b) identify the author’s assumptions, c) evaluate the strengths and limitations of the research design, methods and measures used, and d) evaluate the implications for policy and practice.
The second section should be 3-4 pages in length, excluding the title page and references page. In your second section, you will define the stakeholders for your chosen topic, present the policy options, and develop an opinion about the problem. In this section, you will analyze the issue. Note: this section is not graded until the completed paper is turned in at the end of the course.
conflicts in the sources, and offer your opinions and analysis, where appropriate.
d) Is there any current or pending legislation related to this issue? If so, identify the bill number and discuss the status. e) What is your position on this issue? As part of your paper, you should conduct a SWOT analysis and explain the results.
Section 3 – Policy Position and Recommendation The third section should be 3-4 pages in length, excluding the title page and references page. At this point, you have researched the issue, defined the stakeholders and developed an opinion about the issue or problem. Public administrators must make practical and informed decisions and propose solutions to problems. In your third section, you will develop a policy perspective that takes into account the information and data you have assembled in the first two sections. Note: this section is not graded until the completed paper is turned in at the end of the course.
a) Articulate your recommended policy clearly and practically.
b) Why and how is your recommended policy better than existing policies for this issue?
c) What are the financial requirements and/or implications of your recommended policy and how are they addressed in your plan?
|
0.999826 |
Following are three tips for making lighting in senior housing as safe as possible.
Because glare is caused by the reflection of light off of surfaces, one of the most effective ways to minimize it in home interiors is to reduce the amount of light, shiny surfaces. For instance, instead of painting interior walls white, use neutral tones such as beige, cream, or tan that absorb light rather than reflect it. Using flat paint rather than glossy enamel will reduce glare as well. In places where the summer sun is intense, tinted windows can also serve to cut down on interior glare. The bathroom can be a dangerous place for seniors, so make certain that flooring is made of materials with a matte finish rather than highly reflective tiles and that the ambient lighting in the bathroom is bright and even in order to eliminate shadows.
Hobbies, reading, eating, and meal preparation are just four activities that require a sufficiently illuminated work space, so make sure that thee areas all have ample lighting. Overhead lighting is the best, and using exposed-bulb lighting should be avoided. Task lamps should always have an adjustable head. This can cause unnecessary glare, and this type of lighting often flickers. This can create serious visual discomfort for many seniors and cause significant distress to those with dementia.
Using LED bulbs will help minimize burns caused by coming into contact with bulbs. People often lose dexterity as they age, which means that adjusting or turning a light fixture on or off may result in the bulb coming into contact with the skin. LED lights put out much less heat than their traditional counterparts. As an added benefit, using them may result in lower utility bills because they don't require as much energy as incandescent or halogen bulbs.
Check the lighting in your loved one's living space often for burned out bulbs and other possible issues, as this is another factor in keeping senior housing safe and comfortable.
|
0.84916 |
Paraphrase is a restatement of the meaning of a text or passage using other words, which is helpful in many NLP applications, including machine translation, question answering, semantic parsing and textual similarity. Paraphrase resource is valuable and important, but it is hard to get at large scale, especially for sentence level paraphrases. Here we propose a smart way to automatically collect enormous sentential paraphrases from Twitter, which is simply grouping tweets through shared URLs. We gave the largest human-labeled golden corpus of 51,524 pairs, as well as a silver standard corpus which can grow 30k pairs per month with 70% precision. Based on this paraphrase dataset from Twitter, we experimented with deep learning models for automatic paraphrase identification. We find that without pretrained word embedding, we can still achieve state-of-the-art or more competitive results on social media dataset with only character or subword embedding, which is useful in domain with more out-of-vocabulary words or more spelling variations.
|
0.927548 |
In humans, KCNQ2/3 channels form an M-current that regulates neuronal excitability, with mutations in these channels causing benign neonatal familial convulsions. The M-current is important in mechanisms of neural plasticity underlying associative memory and in the response to ethanol, with KCNQ controlling the release of dopamine after ethanol exposure. We show that dKCNQ is broadly expressed in the nervous system, with targeted reduction in neuronal KCNQ increasing neural excitability and KCNQ overexpression decreasing excitability and calcium signalling, consistent with KCNQ regulating the resting membrane potential and neural release as in mammalian neurons. We show that the single KCNQ channel in Drosophila (dKCNQ) has similar electrophysiological properties to neuronal KCNQ2/3, including conserved acute sensitivity to ethanol block, with the fly channel (IC50 = 19.8 mM) being more sensitive than its mammalian ortholog (IC50 = 42.1 mM). This suggests that the role of KCNQ in alcohol behaviour can be determined for the first time by using Drosophila. We present evidence that loss of KCNQ function in Drosophila increased sensitivity and tolerance to the sedative effects of ethanol. Acute activation of dopaminergic neurons by heat-activated TRP channel or KCNQ-RNAi expression produced ethanol hypersensitivity, suggesting that both act via a common mechanism involving membrane depolarisation and increased dopamine signalling leading to ethanol sedation.
|
0.982617 |
What’s the story? Prior to starting her eponymous brand, Joanna Laura Constantine worked in hospitality. After graduating from the Parsons School of Design, she had interned for various fashion houses including Nicole Miller, DKNY and Badgley Mischka.
|
0.999619 |
You are a tourist guide and you help tourists visit various places. Today, you went to the forest with twenty tourists and returned with only nineteen of them. There is panic in the hotel room where the tourists are staying. They are also very angry on you. They demand that you go back to the forest and bring back the girl who is missing from the group. You have no choice but to go back to the forest in search of the girl. You will have to solve many puzzles before you can rescue the girl who is trapped rather magically.
|
0.983933 |
Note, however, that if you want to have the Document Location displayed only for a particular document, you�ll change the drop-down menu on the right to select only your desired document (which how to clean bionaire fan To change the default direction of selected cell after pressing Enter key, you can solve it with the following steps: 1. Open your workbook, and go to File button, then click Options in the pane.
The Goal Seek feature in Excel 2010 is a what-if analysis tool that enables you to find the input values needed to achieve a goal or objective. To use Goal Seek, you select the cell containing the formula that will return the result you�re seeking and then indicate the target value you want the formula to return and the location of the input value that Excel can change to reach the target. how to change language unicode in windows 7 To change the default direction of selected cell after pressing Enter key, you can solve it with the following steps: 1. Open your workbook, and go to File button, then click Options in the pane.
To change the default direction of selected cell after pressing Enter key, you can solve it with the following steps: 1. Open your workbook, and go to File button, then click Options in the pane.
Expand it and go to Excel. Choose the options folder. Go to the 'Options' item and right click on it. Go to 'Modify' and type 150 in the text box. Click on 'OK'. Now restart the Excel and you can see that the formula bar, scroll bars and the status bars have been blocked. You can unblock it by typing 57 in the text box opened previously. This finishes the task.
|
0.999997 |
This article is about the year 1776.
Year 1776 (MDCCLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Friday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar.
January 15 – Thomas Paine publishes Common Sense.
January 20 – American Revolution: South Carolina Loyalists led by Robert Cunningham sign a petition from prison agreeing to all demands for peace by the formed state government of South Carolina.
February 17 – Edward Gibbon publishes the first volume of The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.
February 27 – American Revolution: Battle of Moore's Creek Bridge: North Carolina Loyalists charge across Moore's Creek bridge near Wilmington to attack what they mistakenly believe to be a small force of rebels. Several loyalist leaders are killed in the ensuing battle. The patriot victory virtually ends all British authority in the town.
March 4 – The American Revolution: The Americans capture "Dorchester Heights" dominating the port of Boston, Massachusetts.
March 9 – Adam Smith publishes The Wealth of Nations.
March 17 – American Revolution: Threatened by Patriot cannons on Dorchester Heights, the British evacuate Boston.
March 28 – Juan Bautista de Anza finds the site for the Presidio of San Francisco.
April 12 – American Revolution: The Royal Colony of North Carolina produces the Halifax Resolves making it the first British colony to officially authorize its Continental Congress delegates to vote for independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain.
May 1 – Adam Weishaupt founds the Bavarian Illuminati (Order of the Illuminati) in Ingolstadt, Bavaria.
May 4 – Rhode Island becomes the first American colony to renounce allegiance to King George III of Great Britain.
June 7 – American Revolution: Richard Henry Lee of Virginia proposes to the Continental Congress that "these united colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent states."
June 8 – American Revolution: Battle of Trois-Rivières: American invaders are driven back at Trois-Rivières, Quebec.
June 11 – American Revolution: The Continental Congress appoints a committee to draft the Declaration of Independence.
June 12 – American Revolution: Virginia Declaration of Rights by George Mason adopted by the Virginia Convention of Delegates.
June 15 – American Revolution: Delaware Separation Day: The Delaware General Assembly votes to suspend government under the British Crown.
June 17 – Lt. Jose Joaquin Moraga leads a band of colonists from Monterey Presidio, landing on June 29 and constructing the Mission Dolores of the new Presidio of San Francisco.
July 2 – American Revolution: The final (despite minor revisions) U.S. Declaration of Independence is written. The Continental Congress passes the Lee Resolution.
July 4 – American Revolution: United States Declaration of Independence. The United States of America officially declares independence from Great Britain.
July 4: American Declaration of Independence.
July 8 – American Revolution: The Liberty Bell rings for the first public reading of the Declaration of Independence.
July 9 – American Revolution: An angry mob in New York City topples the equestrian statue of George III in Bowling Green.
July 12 – Captain James Cook sets off from Plymouth England on his third, and fatal, expedition to the Pacific Ocean.
August 15 – American Revolution: First Hessian troops land on Staten Island to join British forces.
August 27 – American Revolution: Battle of Long Island: Washington's troops routed in Brooklyn by British under William Howe.
September – First running of the St. Leger Stakes horse race in England.
September 6 – Hurricane hits Guadeloupe, killing more than 6000.
September 7 – American Revolution: World's first submarine attack. American submersible craft Turtle attempts to attach a time bomb to the hull of British Admiral Richard Howe's flagship HMS Eagle in New York Harbor.
September 11 – American Revolution: abortive peace conference between British and Americans on Staten Island.
September 15 – American Revolution: British land on Manhattan at Kip's Bay.
September 22: British hang spy Nathan Hale in New York City.
September 16 – American Revolution: Battle of Harlem Heights is fought.
September 22 – American Revolution: Nathan Hale executed in New York City for espionage.
October 7 – Crown Prince Paul of Russia marries Sophie Marie Dorothea of Württemberg.
October 9 – Father Francisco Palou founds Mission San Francisco de Asis in what is now San Francisco, California.
October 11 – American Revolution: Battle of Valcour Island: On Lake Champlain near Valcour Island, a British fleet led by Sir Guy Carleton defeats 15 American gunboats commanded by Brigadier General Benedict Arnold. Although nearly all of Arnold's ships are destroyed, the two day-long battle will give Patriot forces enough time to prepare defenses of New York City.
October 28 – American Revolution: Battle of White Plains: British forces arrive at White Plains, attack and capture Chatterton Hill from the Americans.
October 31 – In his first speech before British Parliament since the Declaration of Independence that summer, King George III acknowledges that all is not going well for Britain in the war with the United States.
November 16 – American Revolution: Hessian mercenaries under Lieutenant General Wilhelm von Knyphausen capture Fort Washington from the American Continentals. The captain of the American navy ship USS Andrea Doria fired a salute to the Dutch flag on Fort Oranje and Johannes de Graaff decided to answer the salute with eleven gun shots.
December 5 – The Phi Beta Kappa society is founded at the College of William and Mary.
December 7 – American Revolution: Marquis de Lafayette attempts to enter the American military as a major general.
December 21 – American Revolution: The Royal Colony of North Carolina reorganizes into the State of North Carolina after adopting its own constitution. Richard Caswell becomes the first governor of the newly formed state.
December 23 – American Revolution: Thomas Paine, living with Washington's troops, begins publishing The American Crisis, containing the stirring phrase, "These are the times that try men's souls."
December 25 – American Revolution: Gen. George Washington orders the first issue of The Crisis read to his troops on Christmas Eve, then at 6 p.m. all 2600 of them march to McKonkey's Ferry, cross the Delaware River and land on the Jersey bank at 3 a.m.
December 26 – American Revolution: Battle of Trenton: Washington's troops surprise the 1500 Hessian troops under the command of Col. Johann Rall at 8 a.m. outside Trenton and score a victory, taking 948 prisoners while suffering only 5 wounded.
^ "Timeline of the American Revolutionary War". Independence Hall. Archived from the original on 30 May 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070530054927/http://ushistory.org/march/timeline.htm. Retrieved 2007-06-01.
This page uses content from the English language Wikipedia. The original content was at 1776. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with this Familypedia wiki, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons License.
66 people were married in 1776.
There were 0 military battles in 1776.
|
0.900445 |
The American penal system is among the world’s largest, with its incarcerated population swelled by low-level drug offenders and parole violators. Many will be rearrested within three years of release, with half of these arrests for nonviolent, technical violations of parole, at considerable financial cost to the states. Once released, those who have been incarcerated face a number of challenges to their self-sufficiency, with additional economic and social costs paid by families, communities, and the nation.
A national approach to support prisoner reentry would help prevent recidivism and enable the formerly incarcerated to establish productive livelihoods. After providing work training and transitional services for soon-to-be-released inmates, the proposed program would provide housing and employment for up to one year post release, alongside drug treatment and mental health services. Corresponding reforms include those within the parole system that would limit reimprisonment for technical violations and those that would limit collateral consequences, such as some offenders being denied various forms of social safety net aid typically offered to low-income Americans.
Around 700,000 mostly low-income and minority men and women are released from prison each year. Returning to lives of low wages and high rates of unemployment, about two thirds will be rearrested within three years. I propose a national prisoner reentry program whose core element is up to a year of transitional employment available to all parolees in need of work. Transitional jobs are supplemented by substance-abuse treatment and housing after release, expanded work and educational programs in prison, and the restoration of eligibility for federal benefits for those with felony records. The program costs are offset by increased employment and reduced crime and correctional costs for program participants. By shifting supervision from custody in prison to intensive programs in the community, the national reentry program improves economic opportunity and reduces prison populations.
|
0.999985 |
- The film tends to drag it's feet a lot, which makes "Calvary" seem like it's over three hours long; even though it's only a hundred minutes long.
"Calvary" by far is probably one of the most interesting films that I've seen in a long time. Although I doubt this movie will appeal to most moviegoers, but "Calvary" has a deep story that's chalked full of interesting concepts about life.
The film focuses on an Irish priest named Father James (Brendan Gleeson), who entered the priesthood after the death of his wife. The film starts off with him as he takes the confession of a random person, whom we never find out the true identity of until the end. The mystery person tells Father James about his past, and how a priest sexually abused him when he just a boy. The man rants further by saying how it bothers him that he never got his revenge against the priest that allegedly ruined his life.
The two converse for a bit, but it ends with this random person threatening to kill the priest in a week. Unlike the pervert that molested this mysterious man when he was a boy, Father James is actually an honest priest that genuinely believes in his profession. Although the other priests around him seem a bit less than noble to their cause, Father James remains diligent in his pursuit to help others; even towards those that show him nothing but hostility merely because of the cloth that he wears.
But if Father James is such a good man, then why does this mystery man want to kill him? It's because he wants to make a statement against the church, and he feels the only way to do that is by killing an honest priest. A priest that hasn't wronged anyone. Just like he never wronged anyone when he was a boy, yet that deviate pervert in the cloth raped him anyway. Sadly, Father James just naturally fits the bill, so he only has one week to get his affairs in order.
Given this early scene, one might think the story would lead itself to be something of a mystery thriller archetype, where the protagonist would struggle aimlessly to find out who the mystery killer is before they can carry out their wicked act of violence. But, you'd be wrong to assume such a notion. Sure, there's a few scenes here and there, where Father James talks to one of his colleagues about the threat in question, but he refuses to alert the authorities about it. Claiming he already knows who this mystery person is, but the film itself never reveals the killer's true identity until the third act.
Instead, we see Father James go about his business, as he tries to help others around him anyway; in spite of his troubles. Even without the opening premise, the interactions that Father James has with these people offer deeply insightful moments about life and spirituality; without the need to shove pro-religion down anyone's throats. Sure, Father James is highly dedicated to the Catholic Church, but he's not too shy to point out some of the faults about his colleagues either.
Through each interaction, we learn a little bit more about Father James, and some of the inhabitants around him. Although most of them act rather disrespectful towards him, he continues to keep his faith about what he does because he feels that those that give up on their faith so easily never had that much to begin with. It's a strong message about life that anyone can relate to; even if you're an atheist.
It's easy to give up something easily in the face of adversity, but blessed are those that maintain their principles and beliefs in times of intense hardships.
"Calvary" can be a bit graphic in it's depiction human nature, but it also offers a lot insightful moments that'll stick with audiences long after they've seen it. Apart from a few pacing issues where the movie needlessly drags it's feet, "Calvary" is arguably one of the best films that I've seen all year.
Brendan Gleeson does a fantastic job in this feature. Portraying the quiet refined dignity of a man of the church, while still conveying moments of weakness and compassion whenever the scene commands it.
"Calvary" may not be getting all the buzz like most Hollywood blockbusters such as "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles" and "When the Game Stands Tall", but it has substance that'll challenge our perceptions about life. A story chalked full of deep insightful moments that'll stick with it's audience long after they've seen it. Definitely worth checking out for those yearning to see a great dramatic film.
|
0.989482 |
Use positive and specific praise. Be sure to say "Well organized!" "Good focusing today." "I like how you put those papers back neatly." "You worked diligently." The goal is to try for at least 7 positive and specific acknowledgments of effective executive functioning for every correction.
Initiating: "Hey, you got started without me telling you what to do! Well done."
Organizing: "You emptied the dishwasher with everything in its place. So helpful."
Prioritizing: "I like how you put Math before English today since it was more ___."
Prioritizing: "Which subject should we start with today?" "
Planning: "You always have your clothes for the gym in your backpack. I never have to remind you or check anymore."
|
0.944308 |
King Philip's War, sometimes called the First Indian War, Metacom's War, Metacomet's War, or Metacom's Rebellion, was an armed conflict between Native American inhabitants of present-day New England and English colonists and their Native American allies in 1675–78. The war is named after the main leader of the Native American side, Metacomet, known to the English as "King Philip". Major Benjamin Church emerged as the Puritan hero of the war; it was his company of Puritan rangers and Native American allies that finally hunted down and killed King Philip on August 12, 1676. The war continued in northern New England (primarily in Maine at the New England and Acadia border) until a treaty was signed at Casco Bay in April 1678.
The war was the single greatest calamity to occur in seventeenth-century Puritan New England. In the space of little more than a year, twelve of the region's towns were destroyed and many more damaged, the colony's economy was all but ruined, and much of its population was killed, including one-tenth of all men available for military service. More than half of New England's towns were attacked by Native American warriors.
Plymouth, Massachusetts, was established in 1620 with significant early help from local Native Americans, particularly Squanto and Massasoit, chief of the Wampanoag tribe. Subsequent colonists founded Salem, Boston, and many small towns around Massachusetts Bay between 1628 and 1640, at a time of increased English immigration. With a wave of immigration, and their building of towns such as Windsor, Connecticut (est. 1633), Hartford, Connecticut (est. 1636), Springfield, Massachusetts (est. 1636), Northampton, Massachusetts (est. 1654) and Providence, Rhode Island (est. 1636), the colonists progressively encroached on the traditional territories of the several Algonquian-speaking tribes in the region. Prior to King Philip's War, tensions fluctuated between tribes of Native Americans and the colonists, but relations were generally peaceful.
Twenty thousand colonists settled in New England during the Great Migration. Colonial officials of the Rhode Island, Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, Connecticut and the New Haven colonies each developed separate relations with the Wampanoag, Nipmuck, Narragansett, Mohegan, Pequot, and other tribes of New England, whose territories historically had differing boundaries. Many of the neighboring tribes had been traditional competitors and enemies. As the colonial population increased, the New Englanders expanded their settlements along the region's coastal plain and up the Connecticut River valley. By 1675 they had established a few small towns in the interior between Boston and the Connecticut River settlements.
Throughout the Northeast, the Native Americans had suffered severe population losses as a result of pandemics of smallpox, spotted fever, typhoid, and measles, infectious diseases carried by European fishermen, starting in about 1618, two years before the first colony at Plymouth had been settled. Shifting alliances among the different Algonquian peoples, represented by leaders such as Massasoit, Sassacus, Uncas and Ninigret, and the colonial polities negotiated a troubled peace for several decades.
For almost half a century after the colonists' arrival, Massasoit of the Wampanoag had maintained an uneasy alliance with the English to benefit from their trade goods and as a counter-weight to his tribe's traditional enemies, the Pequot, Narragansett, and the Mohegan. Massasoit had to accept colonial incursion into Wampanoag territory as well as English political interference with his tribe. Maintaining good relations with the English became increasingly difficult, as the English colonists continued pressuring the Indians to sell land.
Metacomet, called "King Philip" by the English, became sachem of the Pokanoket and Grand Sachem of the Wampanoag Confederacy after the death in 1662 of his older brother, the Grand Sachem Wamsutta (called "Alexander" by the English). The latter had succeeded their father Massasoit (d. 1661) as chief. Well known to the English before his ascension as paramount chief to the Wampanoag, Metacomet distrusted the colonists. Wamsutta had been visiting the Marshfield home of Josiah Winslow, the governor of the Plymouth Colony, for peaceful negotiations, and became ill after being given a "portion of working physic" by a Doctor Fuller.
The colonists had put in place laws making it illegal to do commerce with the Wampanoags. When the Plymouth colonists found out that Wamsutta had sold a parcel of land to Roger Williams, Josiah Winslow, the governor of the Plymouth Colony, had Wamsutta arrested even though Wampanoags that lived outside of colonist jurisdiction were not accountable to Plymouth Colony laws. Wamsutta's wife, Weetamoe, attempted to bring the chief back to Pokanoket. However, on the Taunton River the party saw that the end was near, and after beaching their canoes, Alexander died under an oak tree within viewing distance of Mount Hope.
Metacomet began negotiating with the other Algonquian tribes against the Plymouth Colony soon after the deaths of his father Massasoit and his brother Wamsutta. His action was a reaction to the colonists' refusal to stop buying land and establishment of new settlements, combined with Wamsutta / Alexander's suspicious death.
The white population of New England totaled about 80,000 people. They lived in 110 towns, of which 64 were in the Massachusetts Colony, which then included the southwestern portion of the present state of Maine. The towns had about 16,000 men of military age who were almost all part of the militia—universal training was prevalent in all colonial New England towns. Many towns had built strong garrison houses for defense, and others had stockades enclosing most of the houses. All of these were strengthened as the war progressed. Some poorly populated towns without enough men to defend them were abandoned. Each town had local militias, based on all eligible men, who had to supply their own arms. Only those who were too old, too young, disabled, or clergy were excused from military service. The militias were usually only minimally trained and initially did relatively poorly against the warring Indians until more effective training and tactics could be devised. Joint forces of militia volunteers and volunteer Indian allies were found to be the most effective. The officers were usually elected by popular vote of the militia members. The Indian allies of the colonists—the Mohegans and Praying Indians—numbered about 1,000, with about 200 warriors.
By 1676, the regional Native American population had decreased to about 10,000 Indians (exact numbers are unavailable), largely because of epidemics. These included about 4,000 Narragansett of western Rhode Island and eastern Connecticut; 2,400 Nipmuck of central and western Massachusetts; and 2,400 combined in the Massachusett and Pawtucket tribes, living about Massachusetts Bay and extending northwest to Maine. The Wampanoag and Pokanoket of Plymouth and eastern Rhode Island are thought to have numbered fewer than 1,000. About one in four were considered to be warriors. By then the Indians had almost universally adopted steel knives, tomahawks, and flintlock muskets as their weapons of choice. The various tribes had no common government. They had distinct cultures and often warred among themselves. Despite different cultures they each spoke a version of the Algonquian language family.
John Sassamon, a Native American Christian convert ("Praying Indian") and early Harvard graduate, translator, and adviser to Metacomet, was a figure in the outbreak of the war. He told the governor of Plymouth Colony that Metacomet was intending to gather allies for Native American attacks on widely dispersed colonial settlements.
King Philip was brought before a public court to answer to the rumors, and after the court officials admitted they had no proof, they warned him that any other rumors—baseless or otherwise—would result in their confiscating Wampanoag land and guns. Not long after, Sassamon was murdered and his body was found in the ice-covered Assawompset Pond. Historians disagree on the reasons for his death, and Jill Lepore notes that most relate to his role as "cultural mediator," negotiating with both sides and no longer belonging to either.
On the testimony of a Native American, the Plymouth Colony officials arrested three Wampanoag, who included one of Metacomet's counselors. A jury, among whom were six Indian elders, convicted the men of Sassamon's murder. The men were executed by hanging on June 8, 1675 (O.S.), at Plymouth. Some Wampanoag believed that both the trial and the court's sentence infringed on Wampanoag sovereignty.
In response to the trial and executions, on June 20, 1675 (O.S.) a band of Pokanoket, possibly without Metacomet's approval, attacked several isolated homesteads in the small Plymouth colony settlement of Swansea. Laying siege to the town, they destroyed it five days later and killed several people. On June 27, 1675 (O.S.) (July 7, 1675 New style date; See Old Style and New Style dates), a full eclipse of the moon occurred in the New England area. Various tribes in New England looked at it as a good omen for attacking the colonists. Officials from the Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay colonies responded quickly to the attacks on Swansea; on June 28 they sent a punitive military expedition that destroyed the Wampanoag town at Mount Hope (modern Bristol, Rhode Island).
The war quickly spread, and soon involved the Podunk and Nipmuck tribes. During the summer of 1675, the Native Americans attacked at Middleborough and Dartmouth (July 8), Mendon (July 14), Brookfield (August 2), and Lancaster (August 9). In early September they attacked Deerfield, Hadley, and Northfield (possibly giving rise to the Angel of Hadley legend).
The New England Confederation, comprising the Massachusetts Bay Colony, Plymouth Colony, New Haven Colony and Connecticut Colony, declared war on the Native Americans on September 9, 1675. The Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, settled mostly by Puritan dissidents, tried to remain mostly neutral, but like the Narragansett they were dragged inexorably into the conflict. The next colonial expedition was to recover crops from abandoned fields along the Connecticut River for the coming winter and included almost 100 farmers/militia plus teamsters to drive the wagons. They were ambushed, with about 50 colonists being killed, in the Battle of Bloody Brook (near Hadley, Massachusetts) on September 18, 1675.
The next attack was organized on October 5, 1675, on the Connecticut River's largest settlement at the time, Springfield, Massachusetts. During the attack, nearly all of Springfield's buildings were burned to the ground, including the town's grist mill. Most of the Springfielders who escaped unharmed took cover at the house of Miles Morgan, a resident who had constructed one of Springfield's few fortified blockhouses. An Indian servant who worked for Morgan managed to escape and later alerted the Massachusetts Bay troops under the command of Major Samuel Appleton, who broke through to Springfield and drove off the attackers. Morgan's sons were famous Indian fighters in the territory. The Indians in battle killed his son, Peletiah, in 1675. Springfielders later honored Miles Morgan with a large statue in Court Square.
On November 2, Plymouth Colony governor Josiah Winslow led a combined force of colonial militia against the Narragansett tribe. The Narragansett had not been directly involved in the war, but they had sheltered many of the Wampanoag women and children. Several of their warriors were reported in several Indian raiding parties. The colonists distrusted the tribe and did not understand the various alliances. As the colonial forces went through Rhode Island, they found and burned several Indian towns which had been abandoned by the Narragansett, who had retreated to a massive fort in a frozen swamp. The cold weather in December froze the swamp so it was relatively easy to traverse. Led by an Indian guide, on a very cold December 16, 1675, the colonial force found the Narragansett fort near present-day South Kingstown, Rhode Island. A combined force of Plymouth, Massachusetts, and Connecticut militia numbering about 1,000 men, including about 150 Pequots and Mohican Indian allies, attacked the Indian fort. The fierce battle that followed is known as the Great Swamp Fight. It is believed that the militia killed about 300 Narragansett (exact figures are unavailable). The militia burned the fort (occupying over 5 acres (20,000 m2) of land) and destroyed most of the tribe's winter stores.
Most of the Narragansett warriors and their families escaped into the frozen swamp. Facing a winter with little food and shelter, the entire surviving Narragansett tribe was forced out of quasi-neutrality and joined the fight. The colonists lost many of their officers in this assault: about 70 of their men were killed and nearly 150 more wounded. Lacking supplies for an extended campaign the rest of the colonial assembled forces returned to their homes. The nearby towns in Rhode Island provided care for the wounded until they could return to their homes.
Throughout the winter of 1675–76, Native Americans attacked and destroyed more frontier settlements in their effort to expel the English colonists. Attacks were made at Andover, Bridgewater, Chelmsford, Groton, Lancaster, Marlborough, Medfield, Medford, Millis, Portland, Providence, Rehoboth, Scituate, Seekonk, Simsbury, Sudbury, Suffield, Warwick, Weymouth, and Wrentham, including what is modern-day Plainville. The famous account written and published by Mary Rowlandson after the war gives a colonial captive's perspective on the conflict.
The spring of 1676 marked the high point for the combined tribes when, on March 12, they attacked Plymouth Plantation. Though the town withstood the assault, the natives had demonstrated their ability to penetrate deep into colonial territory. They attacked three more settlements: Longmeadow (near Springfield), Marlborough, and Simsbury were attacked two weeks later. They killed Captain Pierce and a company of Massachusetts soldiers between Pawtucket and the Blackstone's settlement. Several colonial men were allegedly tortured and buried at Nine Men's Misery in $4, as part of the Native Americans' ritual treatment of enemies. The natives burned the abandoned capital of Providence to the ground on March 29. At the same time, a small band of Native Americans infiltrated and burned part of Springfield while the militia was away.
The tide of war slowly began to turn in the colonists' favor later in the spring of 1676, as it became a war of attrition; both sides were determined to eliminate the other. The Native Americans had succeeded in driving the colonists back into their larger towns, but the Indians' supplies, particularly in powder and lead, nearly always sufficient for only a season or so, were running out. The few hundred colonists of Rhode Island became an island colony for a time as their capital at Providence was sacked and burned and the colonists were driven back to Newport and Portsmouth on Aquidneck Island. The Connecticut River towns with their thousands of acres of cultivated crop land, known as the bread basket of New England, had to manage their crops by limiting their crop lands and working in large armed groups for self-protection.:20 Towns such as Springfield, Hatfield, Hadley and Northampton, Massachusetts, fortified their towns, reinforced their militias and held their ground, though attacked several times. The small towns of Northfield and Deerfield, Massachusetts, and several other small towns, were abandoned as the surviving settlers retreated to the larger towns. The towns of the Connecticut colony escaped largely unharmed in the war, although more than 100 Connecticut militia died in their support of the other colonies.
The New England colonists used their own or adjacent towns' supplies and were re-supplied by sea from wherever they could buy additional supplies. The Indians had no such resources. The English government was headed then by Charles II (1630–1685), who had been restored to power as the English king (under Parliamentary oversight) after the Restoration of 1660. His father, Charles I, had been captured and executed in the English Civil War (1642–1651) by the Puritan-led Parliamentarian government of Oliver Cromwell. King Charles II had little interest in supporting the Puritans of New England and did not. The potential supporters in the Colony of Virginia were involved in Bacon's Rebellion (1676) and could not (or would not) help the New England settlers. The settlers in New York had just permanently taken the cities and territory there from the Dutch in the Third Anglo-Dutch War (1674) and were in the process of setting up an English settlement controlled by an anti-Puritan government. They offered no support for the mostly Puritan New Englanders. The New France government of this period were Catholic and rabidly anti-English, and were sponsoring on and off support for Indian tribes attacking the English settlements.
The war ultimately cost the New England colonists over £100,000—a significant amount of money at a time when most families earned less than £20 per year. Self-imposed taxes were raised to cover its costs. Over 600 colonial men, women and children were killed, and twelve towns were totally destroyed with many more damaged. Despite this, the New England colonists eventually emerged victorious. The Native Americans lost many more people—mostly to disease. They died, dispersed out of New England or were put on a form of early reservations. Some of them slowly integrated into colonial society. They never recovered their former power in New England. The hope of many colonists to integrate Indian and colonial societies was largely abandoned, as the war and its excesses bred bitter resentment on both sides.
The Wampanoag and Narragansett hopes for supplies of powder and lead from the French in Canada were not met, except for some small amounts of ammunition obtained from the French in Maine. The colonists allied themselves with the Mohegan and Pequot tribes in Connecticut as well as several Indian groups that had mostly converted to Christianity, the Praying Indians, in Connecticut, Massachusetts and Rhode Island. King Philip and his Indian allies found their forces continually harassed by combined groups of colonists and their Indian allies. In January 1675/76 (see Old Style and New Style dates for dating then), Philip traveled westward to Mohawk territory in what is now New York, seeking, but failing to secure, an alliance with the Iroquois. Reportedly, Philip's supporters attacked a group of Mohawks and tried to get the blame put on the colonists—Indians and colonists used virtually the same weapons then. Unfortunately for Philip, one of the attacked group survived and the Mohawks were infuriated. The New York Mohawks—an Iroquois tribe, traditional enemies of many of the warring tribes—proceeded to raid isolated groups of Native Americans in Massachusetts, scattering and killing many. Traditional Indian crop-growing areas and fishing places in Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut were continually attacked by roving New England patrols of combined Colonials and their Native American allies. When found, any Indian crops were destroyed. The Indian tribes had poor luck finding any place to grow enough food or harvest enough migrating fish for the coming winter. Many of the warring Native American tribes drifted north into Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont and Canada. Some drifted west into New York and points farther west to avoid their traditional enemies, the Iroquois.
By April 1676 the Narragansett were defeated and their chief, Canonchet, was killed. On May 18, 1676, Captain William Turner of the Massachusetts Militia and a group of about 150 militia volunteers (mostly minimally trained farmers) attacked a large fishing camp of Native Americans at Peskeopscut on the Connecticut River (now called Turners Falls, Massachusetts). The colonists claimed they killed 100–200 Native Americans in retaliation for earlier Indian attacks against Deerfield and other colonist settlements and the colonial losses in the Battle of Bloody Brook. Turner and nearly 40 of the militia were killed during the return from the falls. With the help of their long-time allies the Mohegans, the colonists defeated an attack at Hadley on June 12, 1676, and scattered most of the Indian survivors into New Hampshire and points farther north. Later that month, a force of 250 Native Americans was routed near Marlborough, Massachusetts. Other forces, often a combined force of colonial volunteers and their Indian allies, continued to attack, kill, capture or disperse bands of Narragansett, Nipmuc, Wampanough, etc. as they tried to plant crops or return to their traditional locations. The colonists granted amnesty to Native Americans from the tribes who surrendered or were captured and showed they had not participated in the conflict. The captured Indian participants whom they knew had participated in attacks on the many settlements were hanged or shipped off to slavery in Bermuda.
Philip's allies began to desert him. By early July, over 400 had surrendered to the colonists, and Philip took refuge in the Assowamset Swamp, below Providence, close to where the war had started. The colonists formed raiding parties of Native Americans and militia. They were allowed to keep the possessions of warring Indians and received a bounty on all captives. Philip was ultimately killed by one of these teams when he was tracked down by colony-allied Native Americans led by Captain Benjamin Church and Captain Josiah Standish of the Plymouth Colony militia at Mt. Hope, Rhode Island. Philip was shot and killed by an Indian named John Alderman on August 12, 1676. Philip was beheaded, then drawn and quartered (a traditional treatment of criminals in this era). His head was displayed in Plymouth for twenty years. The war was nearly over except for a few attacks in Maine that lasted until 1677.
The war in the south largely ended with Metacomet's death. Over 600 colonists and 3,000 Native Americans had died, including several hundred native captives who were tried and executed; others were enslaved and sold in Bermuda. The majority of the fatalities for both Native Americans and the New England colonials resulted from disease, which was typical of all wars in this era. Native Americans enslaved and transported to Bermuda included Metacom's son (and, according to Bermudian tradition, his wife). Numerous Bermudians today claim ancestry from the Native American exiles. Members of the sachem's extended family were placed for safekeeping among colonists in Rhode Island and eastern Connecticut. Other survivors joined western and northern tribes and refugee communities as captives or tribal members. On occasion, some of the Indian refugees returned to southern New England. The Narragansett, Wampanoag, Podunk, Nipmuck, and several smaller bands were virtually eliminated as organized bands, while even the Mohegan were greatly weakened.
Sir Edmund Andros, appointed by James II as governor of New York, negotiated a treaty with some of the northern Indian bands in Maine on April 12, 1678, as he tried to establish his New York-based royal power structure in Maine's fishing industry. Andros was arrested and sent back to England at the start of the Glorious Revolution in 1689. In this revolution, James II (1633–1701, reigning 1685-1688), a Catholic and younger brother to Charles II, and a strong believer in the Divine right of kings, was forced to flee to France in 1688 by the Protestant Parliamentarian forces. James II's appointments to the various colonial governors were replaced.
King Philip's Pennacook ally early made a separate peace with the colonists as the result of battles that are sometimes identified as part of King Philip's War. Native families were granted one peck of corn annually as compensation for lost lands. They fled north. This did not necessarily spare them from the ravages of war and the tribe lost members and eventually its identity as the result of the ensuing war.
For a time, King Philip's War seriously damaged the mostly second- and third-generation English colonists' prospects in New England. But with their successful governments and towns, low death rate, and their extraordinary population growth rate of about 3% a year (doubling every 25 years), they repaired all the damage, replaced their losses, rebuilt the destroyed towns, and continued to establish new towns within a few years.
The colonists' successful defense of New England with their own resources brought them to the attention of the British royal government. Before King Philip's War, the colonies had been generally ignored, considered uninteresting and poor English outposts. The English authorities soon tried to exploit the colonies and their resources for the authorities' own gain—beginning with the revocation of the charter of Massachusetts Bay in 1684 (enforced 1686). At the same time, an Anglican church was established in Boston in 1686, ending the Puritan monopoly on religion in Massachusetts. The legend of Connecticut's Charter Oak stems from the belief that a cavity within the tree was used in late 1687 as a hiding place for the colony's charter as Andros tried unsuccessfully to revoke its charter and take over the militia. In 1690, Plymouth's charter was not renewed; its residents were forced to join the Massachusetts government. The equally small colony of Rhode Island, with its largely Puritan dissident settlers, maintained its charter—mainly as a counterweight and irritant to Massachusetts. The Massachusetts General Court (the main elected legislative and judicial body in Massachusetts) was brought under nominal British government control, but all members except the Royal Governor and a few of his deputies continued to be elected in the various towns, as was their practice over the prior 40 years. The "top" of the government was nominally under British government control, but the vast majority in the government continued on as before with elected local and representative legislative and judicial bodies. Only land-owning males could vote for most officials, but their suffrage was both wider and more universal than in nearly all other countries of this era.
Nearly all layers of government and church life (except in Rhode Island) remained "Puritan", and only a few of the so-called "upper crust" joined the British government-sponsored Anglican church. Most New Englanders continued to live in self-governing and mostly self-sufficient towns, and attended the "Puritan" Congregational or dissident churches that they had already set up by 1690. As the population increased, new towns, complete with their own churches, militias, etc. were nearly all established by the sons and daughters of the original settlers; they were in nearly all cases modeled after the original settlements. Few people lived outside of an established town. The many trials and tribulations between the British crown and British Parliament for the next 100 years made self-government not only desirable but relatively easy to continue in New England. The squabbles that the New Englanders had with the British government would eventually lead to Lexington, Concord, and Bunker Hill by 1775, a century and four generations later. When the British were forced to evacuate Boston in 1776, only a few thousand of the more than 700,000 New Englanders of the time went with them.
King Philip's War joined the Powhatan wars of 1610–14, 1622–32 and 1644–46 in Virginia, the Pequot War of 1637 in Connecticut, the Dutch-Indian war of 1643 along the Hudson River and the Iroquois Beaver Wars of 1650 in a list of ongoing uprisings and conflicts between various Native American tribes and the French, Dutch, and English colonial settlements of Canada, New York, and New England.
The military defeat of the Native Americans meant that most of Massachusetts, Connecticut and Rhode Island land was nearly completely open to colonial settlement. Localized conflict continued for decades in Maine, New Hampshire and northern Massachusetts. In response to King Philip's War, which stemmed from New England expansion onto native land, the five Indian tribes in the region of Acadia created the Wabanaki Confederacy to form a political and military alliance with New France to stop the New England expansion. During the next 74 years, six colonial wars between New France and New England, along with their respective native allies, took place, starting with King William's War in 1689. (See the French and Indian Wars, Father Rale's War and Father Le Loutre's War.) The conflict was over the border between New England and Acadia, which New France defined as the Kennebec River in southern Maine. In response to King Philip's War and King William's War (1689–97), many colonists from northeastern Maine and Massachusetts temporarily relocated to larger towns in Massachusetts and New Hampshire to avoid Wabanaki Indian raids.
In the fourteen months of King Philip's War in 1675-1676, Plymouth Colony lost close to eight percent of its English adult male population to Indian warfare or other causes associated with the war. Indian losses were much greater, with about 2,000 men killed or who died of injuries in the war, more than 3,000 dying of sickness or starvation, and another 1,000 Indians sold into slavery and transported to other areas, such as the Caribbean. About 2,000 Indians escaped to other tribes to the north or west; they joined continued Indian attacks from those bases well into the next century. Historians estimate that, as a result of King Philip's War, the Indian population of southern New England was reduced by about 60 to 80 percent.
The war escalated from a local conflict to involve most of southern New England and reached to other east coast areas as well. The war killed nearly as high a percentage of the Indian population as the plagues of 1616-19, which had decimated the area and turned whole villages into places of death and desolation.
The colonists won in King Philip's War not by greater military power, but due to their ability to outlast the Native Americans. The English suffered many military defeats and lost thousands of men, but in the end they won due to material support for the war from England.
Descendants of the Mayflower Pilgrims and later emigrants called upon the might of Britain to not only help defeat the native peoples of New England, but to work to rid the land of its aboriginal people. Before the war, the native peoples of New England made up almost 30 percent of the regional population, but by 1680, five years after the war began, the native population had dropped to less than 15 percent.
But, in the end, the English also lost much financially. The settlers incurred an enormous tax burden to mostly repay Britain for war assistance; it held back the economy of the entire region for many years to come.
Despite the losses for Native Americans, the English colonists were unable to stop forever the threat of Indian attacks. By causing such high losses, they unbalanced relations between colonists and Indians in New England. In the past, English colonists living on the still-wild frontier of the northeast could depend on local Indian friends to help them against enemies, but after the war, the colonists had only enemies among the Indians. Well into the next century, settlers throughout the region were at risk for Indian attacks. Hundreds more colonial men, women and children were killed in such raids.
Eventually the Puritan colonies found they could no longer defend themselves against continuing Indian violence, which the French particularly used in their conflicts with England. The colonists asked for military and governmental assistance from Britain. Within twenty years of King Philip's War, King James II had appointed a royal governor for the New England colonies and in 1692, Plymouth Colony became a part of Massachusetts Bay Colony.
↑ America’s Guardian Myths, op-ed by Susan Faludi, September 7, 2007. New York Times. Accessed September 6, 2007.
↑ Lepore, Jill. The Name of War: King Philip's War and the Origins of American Identity, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1998. Note: King Philip "was also known as Metacom, or Pometacom. King Philip may well have been a name that he adopted, as it was common for Natives to take other names. King Philip had on several occasions signed as such and has been referred to by other natives by that name."
↑ Philip Gould. "Reinventing Benjamin Church: Virtue, Citizenship and the History of King Philip's War in Early National America." Journal of the Early Republic, No. 16, Winter 1996. p. 647.
↑ Schultz, Eric B.; Michael J. Touglas (2000). King Philip's War: The History and Legacy of America's Forgotten Conflict. W.W. Norton and Co.. Note: According to a combined estimate of loss of life, based on sources from the Department of Defense, the Bureau of Census, and the work of colonial historian Francis Jennings, 600 out of the about 80,000 English colonists (1.5%) and 3,000 out of 10,000 Native Americans (30%) lost their lives due to the war.
↑ "Epidemics and Pandemics in the U.S."
↑ Exact numbers of Indian allies are unavailable but about 200 warriors are mentioned in different dispatches implying a total population of about 800-1,000.
↑ Philbrick, Nathaniel (2006 title=Mayflower: A Story of Courage, Community, and War). New York: Penguin. p. 221.
↑ Lepore, Jill (1998). The Name of War: King Philip's War and the Origins of American Identity. New York: Alfred Knopf. pp. 10. http://books.google.com/books/about/The_name_of_war.html?id=NcJ6PXii2y0C.
↑ Phelps, Noah Amherst (1845). History of Simsbury, Granby, and Canton; from 1642 To 1845. Hartford: Press of Case, Tiffany and Burnham.
↑ "Worlds rejoined". Cape Cod online. http://www.capecodonline.com/special/tribeslink/worldsrejoined13.htm. .
↑ Spady, James O'Neil. "As if in a Great Darkness: Native American Refugees of the Middle Connecticut River Valley in the Aftermath of King Phillip's War: 1677–1697," Historical Journal of Massachusetts, Vol. 23, no. 2 (Summer, 1995), 183–97.
↑ Swope, Cynthia, "Chief Opechancanough of the Powhatan Confederacy"
Eliot, John, ”Indian Dialogues”: A Study in Cultural Interaction eds. James P. Rhonda and Henry W. Bowden (Greenwood Press, 1980).
______. Relation of the Troubles Which Have Happened in New England by Reason of the Indians There, from the Year 1614 to the Year 1675 (Kessinger Publishing, 2003).
______. The History of King Philip's War by the Rev. Increase Mather, D.D.; also, a history of the same war, by the Rev. Cotton Mather, D.D.; to which are added an introduction and notes, by Samuel G. Drake(Boston: Samuel G. Drake, 1862).
______. "Diary", March 1675–December 1676: Together with extracts from another diary by him, 1674–1687 /With introductions and notes, by Samuel A. Green (Cambridge, MA: J. Wilson, [1675–76] 1900).
Belmonte, Laura. "Edward Randolph, the Causes and Results of King Philip's War (1675)"
Cogley, Richard A. John Eliot's Mission to the Indians before King Philip's War (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999).
Schultz, Eric B. and Michael J. Touglas, King Philip's War: The History and Legacy of America's Forgotten Conflict.' New York: W.W. Norton and Co., 2000.
"Edward Randolph on the Causes of the King Philip's War (1685)", rootsweb.com.
|
0.942001 |
I'm a philosopher specializing in language, with interests in metaphysics, formal semantics, philosophy of mind, cognitive science, and Eastern philosophy. In the more (not so) distant past, I've done work in the history of philosophy, the history of ideas, and classical studies. I'm the holder of a Humboldt Fellowship for Experienced Researchers at the Institute of Philosophy of Freie Universität Berlin, and a laureate of the Fondation des Treilles. I did my graduate work across Italy (San Raffaele), France (Institut Jean Nicod, EHESS), and the United States (Harvard, MIT).
parallels and non-parallels between musical and linguistic meaning.
Lexical innovations (e.g., nonce words and zero-derivations coined on the fly by a speaker) seem to bear semantic content. Yet, such words cannot be attributed semantic content based on the lexical conventions available to the language, since they are not part of its lexicon. This is in tension with the commonplace view that lexical semantic content is constituted by lexical conventions. In recent work, Josh Armstrong has argued that this tension can be alleviated in two ways. The first is to stick to the conventionalist assumption and deny that lexical innovations bear semantic content. The second is to dynamicize the conventionalist assumption, i.e., argue that lexical innovations trigger a rapid update of the lexical conventions of the language and receive semantic content via the updated lexical conventions. Armstrong lays out and defends the second option. I propose a third way: the view that the interpretation of lexical innovations relies on an algorithm which generates a hypothesis about the semantic properties projected by the unfamiliar occurrence and feeds them into sentence meaning with no prior update of the lexical conventions of the language.
Natural language appears to allow the ascription of properties of numeral symbols to the denotation of number referring phrases. The paper describes the phenomenon and presents two alternative explanations for why it obtains. One combining an intuitive semantics for number referring phrases and a predicate-shifting mechanism, the other assigning number referring phrases a structured denotation consisting of two parts: a mathematical object (the number) and a contextually determined numeral symbol. Some preliminary observations in favor of the second analysis are offered.
Consider the following sentence: "Mary meditated on the sentence 'Bill is a good friend' and concluded that he was a good friend". It is standardly assumed that in sentences of this sort, containing so‐called "closed" quotations, the expressions occurring between quotation marks are mentioned and do not take their ordinary referents. The quoted NP "Bill" refers, if anything, to the name 'Bill', not to the individual Bill. At the same time, the pronoun "he", apparently anaphoric on quoted "Bill", refers to the individual Bill. The case seems thus to invalidate the intuitive principle that pronouns anaphoric on referential expressions inherit their reference from their antecedents. The paper formulates the argument, argues that sentences exhibiting the described pattern do not constitute evidence against the intuitive principle, and proposes an alternative account of the anaphoric relation involved.
Word meaning has played a somewhat marginal role in early contemporary philosophy of language, which was primarily concerned with the structural features of sentences and showed less interest in the nature of lexical representations. Nowadays, it is well-established that the way we account for word meaning is bound to have a major impact in tipping the balance in favor or against any given picture of the fundamental properties of human language. This entry provides an overview of the way issues related to lexical meaning have been explored in analytic philosophy and a summary of relevant research on the subject in neighboring scientific domains. Though the main focus of the entry is on philosophical problems, contributions from linguistics, psychology, neuroscience and artificial intelligence are also considered.
Emma Borg has defined semantic minimalism as the thesis that the literal content of well-formed declarative sentences is truth-evaluable, fully determined by their lexico-syntactic features, and recoverable by language users with no need to access non-linguistic information. The task of this article is threefold. First, I shall raise a criticism to Borg's minimalism based on how speakers disambiguate homonymy. Second, I will explore some ways Borg might respond to my argument and maintain that none of them offers a conclusive reply to my case. Third, I shall suggest that in order for Borg’s minimalism to accommodate the problem discussed in this paper, it should allow for semantically incomplete content and be converted into a claim about linguistic competence.
See the (almost) complete record on Publons.
Italian, English, French, German (anfänger!), Latin, Ancient Greek.
Classically trained musician: guitar & concert flute.
|
0.999313 |
Eric Smith was a beloved ski instructor who died, at age 37, on February 24, 2003 of a rare form of cancer. A memorial service was held for him up on the Sneaky’s run on the Big Burn. The shrine was installed in the summer of 2003. This is one of the most well-protected shrines on any of the mountains, since the shrine items are contained inside a wooden structure and are very well protected from exposure to the elements. The shrine was installed by friends of Eric Smith, and during the summer of 2010 they did some work on the shrine and enlarged and improved it. Caretakers of this shrine include the following people: Dennis Burns, Troy Stiles, Scotty Eklund, and John Norman.
Eric's wife was Sarah, and they were married in June, 2002, just eight months before he died.
See this February 17, 2004 article from the Aspen Times newspaper, written by Naomi Havlen: "After husband’s death, wife awaits their twins." See http://www.aspentimes.com/article/20040217/NEWS/40216013&parentprofile=search. This article was written almost one year after his death, and this is a quote from the article: "Eric Smith, 37, died on Feb. 24 after being diagnosed with a rare and aggressive type of cancer. As a well-known and much-loved snowboard instructor at Snowmass Ski Area, the community first gathered for benefits in his honor with Sarah and friends before mourning his loss. A shrine for Smith was set up last summer at Snowmass."
"When Eric and Sarah Smith met in Aspen eight years ago, it was love at first sight. Eric and Sarah quickly began planning their future together and dreamed of starting a family. But in November 2002, just four months after their romantic wedding, Eric was diagnosed with epithelioid sarcoma, a very rare and aggressive form of cancer. The cancer was already highly developed, and the prognosis was terminal.
Despite this, Eric and Sarah were convinced that he could beat the disease, but were worried the powerful chemotherapy would ruin their dreams of having children. Eric refused to start his treatment until he was able to freeze his sperm. 'We did it,' Sarah says, 'with the entire intention that he was going to beat this and our love was going to save him and that we would have a family together.' But after an agonizing four months in and out of the hospital, Eric finally lost his battle.
After his death, Sarah was determined to carry out their dream of having children. 'Eric and I discussed this before he died,' she says, 'and he had actually left me, in his will, the sperm that was frozen, to make sure I wouldn't have any complications moving forward with this dream.' When Sarah found a willing doctor, she became the first woman in Colorado history to receive in vitro fertilization with her dead husband's frozen sperm. After the first attempt at in vitro, Sarah got the miraculous news that she was pregnant with twins, Braden Harper and Shae Curran. 'I said, 'We did it, baby. We beat cancer.' It took so much of our future. But it wasn't able to take everything.'"
See the Facebook page "Eric Smith Memorial Page" here: https://www.facebook.com/#!/group.php?gid=2310836533, and also see this Facebook photo album of the shrine: https://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.450962478309055.101579.100001859201674&type=1&l=0a50073de1.
The photos in the section immediately below were taken in the first part of December 2010. Thanks very much to Mike Weddell for taking these photos and giving the author permission to use them on this page.
"Stadium seating" made of snowboards.
All of the photos in the section immediately below were taken by the author on December 16, 2010, except for the last one. The last one was taken in January 2012 by another photographer.
The clock is set at 4:20.
(Photo) Sarah Smith, wife of late Eric Smith, appeared on the Oprah Winfrey show on Oct. 14, 2004. Her appearance was part of a series on the show called “Miracle Babies.” She was the first woman in Colorado history to receive in vitro fertilization with her dead husband's frozen sperm.
Eric Smith was a beloved Snowmass ski instructor who died at age 37 on Feb. 24, 2003 of epithelioid sarcoma, a rare and aggressive type of cancer. His shrine was created in the summer of 2003.
Eric's wife was Sarah, and they were married in June 2002, just eight months before he died.
The twins, Braden Harper and Shae Curran, were born, and Sarah Smith appeared on the Oprah Winfrey show with them on Oct. 14, 2004. Her appearance was part of a series on the show called “Miracle Babies.” She was the first woman in Colorado history to receive in vitro fertilization with her dead husband's frozen sperm.
Smith's shrine is one of the best on any of the mountains. It contains numerous photos of him, photos of Sarah, photos of the twins, some of his snowboards, copies of newspaper articles and many other items of personal memorabilia pertaining to him and his family. It is a wonderful tribute to a person very much loved and missed by his family and friends.
|
0.999997 |
Describe your job in 25 words or less: I work closely with our recruiting teams to provide reporting and forecasting to assist them with resourcing, setting goals and tracking progress made toward them.
What originally attracted you to Gartner? I was originally attracted to Gartner two years ago when I was applying for summer internships and was referred by Julie Thomas. I interviewed with the People Analytics team and was really fascinated and impressed by the level of projects that I would be working on even though I was only an intern. I really enjoyed everyone that I met during the interview process and felt like Gartner had a great culture and environment. I came to realize how true that perception was and was lucky enough to be able to join the team full time after I graduated.
What is your favorite part about working for Gartner? My favorite part about working for Gartner is the amount of responsibility that I was able to take on after such a short time here. I’ve really enjoyed being able to own several projects and programs and continue to learn and evolve with them. Everyone here is incredibly collaborative and helpful, making for a very easy transition to get up to speed and creating an environment where I’m never reluctant to reach out to others with questions or ask for assistance.
What has been your proudest moment at Gartner? I think that my proudest moment at Gartner actually took place during my internship. I was not expecting to be working on any high-profile projects as an intern. I had been working for a while on a particular analysis and at the end found out that the results were being circulated with the recruiting leadership and were being used to direct future recruiting efforts. It was a great learning experience to see the project from start to finish and it made me proud to know that the results were actually going to be put into action. It showed me how much value we place on the work of each employee, even when you aren’t necessarily expecting it.
What aspect of your role do you enjoy the most? The aspect of my role that I enjoy the most is the opportunity that I have to make a valuable impact on our recruiting organization. Through resource planning and forecasting efforts, I’m able to help the teams properly plan for the amount of recruiting support they will need in the future to ensure that they are able to tackle the hiring needs of their respective BUs. For our largest recruiting teams, we then meet weekly to review progress made against targets and ensure that leadership has full visibility into successes and any trouble areas that we can then proactively work to problem solve.
What advice would you give to recent new hires? First, make a reference sheet for all of the acronyms that you are about to see and hear over your first few weeks, because there will be many and it will help you feel a little less lost in those initial meetings. Secondly, my experience here has truly demonstrated the tremendous character and intelligence of my fellow colleagues — take advantage of everything that they’re able to teach you and know that they are always happy to help.
If you could interview one person (dead or alive) who would it be and why? If I could interview anyone, I would want to interview Brandon Stanton. He’s the creator of Humans of New York and I would love to learn more about the experiences he’s had while traveling and sharing the stories of the people that he’s met.
What is one thing unique about you that people would be surprised if they knew? In college I was a member of the Georgetown University Grilling Society (GUGS) and am an official Grillmaster. I would be more than happy to grill some of our specialty burgers for anyone who wants to try them!
If you could switch your job with anyone else within Gartner, whose job would you want and why? I would want to switch jobs for a day with someone in the Event Planning/Ops organization. I haven’t had much exposure to the Events business so it would be really interesting to learn what it takes to organize them and have the chance to attend one.
Favorite Quote or Personal Mantra: Do small things with great love.
|
0.999999 |
Find the end of these sentences.
1. She lives nearer to me amount to little caught red handed chance of promotion from here to the hospital of the danger of smoking of what he said on the tourists still live in the shacks than he really meant than you do through his fingers what I thought I don't know .
2. The deal slipped amount to little caught red handed chance of promotion from here to the hospital of the danger of smoking of what he said on the tourists still live in the shacks than he really meant than you do through his fingers what I thought I don't know .
3. I told him outright amount to little caught red handed chance of promotion from here to the hospital of the danger of smoking of what he said on the tourists still live in the shacks than he really meant than you do through his fingers what I thought I don't know .
4. Give me a quick outline amount to little caught red handed chance of promotion from here to the hospital of the danger of smoking of what he said on the tourists still live in the shacks than he really meant than you do through his fingers what I thought I don't know .
5. He palmed the stolen watches off amount to little caught red handed chance of promotion from here to the hospital of the danger of smoking of what he said on the tourists still live in the shacks than he really meant than you do through his fingers what I thought I don't know .
6. The government published a pamphlet amount to little caught red handed chance of promotion from here to the hospital of the danger of smoking of what he said on the tourists still live in the shacks than he really meant than you do through his fingers what I thought I don't know .
7. He doesn't have the slightest amount to little caught red handed chance of promotion from here to the hospital of the danger of smoking of what he said on the tourists still live in the shacks than he really meant than you do through his fingers what I thought I don't know .
8. You've read more into what he said amount to little caught red handed chance of promotion from here to the hospital of the danger of smoking of what he said on the tourists still live in the shacks than he really meant than you do through his fingers what I thought I don't know .
9. The robbers were amount to little caught red handed chance of promotion from here to the hospital of the danger of smoking of what he said on the tourists still live in the shacks than he really meant than you do through his fingers what I thought I don't know .
10. Their savings amount to little caught red handed chance of promotion from here to the hospital of the danger of smoking of what he said on the tourists still live in the shacks than he really meant than you do through his fingers what I thought I don't know .
11. It's quite a schlep amount to little caught red handed chance of promotion from here to the hospital of the danger of smoking of what he said on the tourists still live in the shacks than he really meant than you do through his fingers what I thought I don't know .
12. A lot of poor people amount to little caught red handed chance of promotion from here to the hospital of the danger of smoking of what he said on the tourists still live in the shacks than he really meant than you do through his fingers what I thought I don't know .
|
0.986115 |
Pompano Estates is a town located in Broward County, Florida. As of the 2000 census, the town had a total population of 3,367.
\nPompano Estates is located at 26°16'59" North, 80°6'60" West (26.283158, -80.116644)1. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.4 km² (0.5 mi²). 1.4 km² (0.5 mi²) of it is land and none of it is covered by water.
\nAs of the census of 2000, there are 3,367 people, 965 households, and 710 families residing in the town. The population density is 2,407.4/km² (6,193.0/mi²). There are 1,559 housing units at an average density of 1,114.7/km² (2,867.5/mi²). The racial makeup of the town is 34.69% White, 52.81% African American, 0.30% Native American, 0.36% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 2.41% from other races, and 9.41% from two or more races. 10.63% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 965 households out of which 39.7% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.7% are married couples living together, 22.0% have a female householder with no husband present, and 26.4% are non-families. 21.2% of all households are made up of individuals and 8.3% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 3.32 and the average family size is 3.86. In the town the population is spread out with 32.8% under the age of 18, 9.5% from 18 to 24, 24.6% from 25 to 44, 18.6% from 45 to 64, and 14.5% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 32 years. For every 100 females there are 94.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 94.1 males. The median income for a household in the town is $28,750, and the median income for a family is $27,147. Males have a median income of $26,045 versus $16,939 for females. The per capita income for the town is $11,044. 32.5% of the population and 24.9% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 47.7% are under the age of 18 and 22.1% are 65 or older.
|
0.962642 |
The serotine bat, Eptesicus serotinus is the most frequently rabies-infected (European bat lyssavirus 1-type, EBLV-1) bat species in Europe. To confirm Lyssavirus infection of this bat in Poland, we tested for the presence of rabies virus RNA from oropharyngeal swabs using RT-PCR. There was a 0.9% (two out of 212 individuals) level of infection within the overall population of serotine bats studied. However, an appreciation of the potential for pathogen transmission and disease risk requires an understanding of the dispersal of the primary host, and any large-scale geographic barriers that may impede gene flow. Thus, we also studied the patterns of bat dispersal via population genetics using nuclear (seven microsatellite loci) and mitochondrial (mtDNA control region) markers, examined in 12 subpopulations distributed across the country. Molecular analyses of microsatellite loci indicated high genetic diversity at all sites (heterozygosity observed, Ho = 0.53–0.78), and extremely weak genetic structure in the Polish population of the species. The overall FST was 0.012 (95% confidence interval: 0.006–0.020), and pairwise values ranged from 0.00 to 0.05. Only 22% of individuals were assigned to the subpopulation from which they were sampled. The Bayesian approach implemented in STRUCTURE also confirmed that all examined subpopulations should be treated as a single group, indicating a high level of gene flow. There was some evidence for female philopatry (genetic differentiation was greater in maternally-inherited mtDNA than nuclear DNA) and male-biased dispersal, e.g., Ho and the variance of mean assignment were significantly higher in males than in females. Twelve individuals (seven females and five males) were identified as potential first generation migrants. Their migration routes ranged from 60–283 km in females ( ± SE = 177.9 ± 29.37) to 27–385 km in males (206.4 ± 58.95); surprisingly, no sexual differences were observed and this finding suggests that female-mediated gene flow may occur. MtDNA also produced a strong genetic signal for the demographic expansion (Fu's FS statistics, FS = -26.30, P < 0.01 and a star-shaped haplotype network), which took place roughly 33,000 years BP, i.e., before the Last Glacial Maximum. The genetic uniformity of the Polish population implies that there is no migration barrier to EBLV-1, at least within the country, and the potential threat of rabies virus spreading via migration of infected animals may be higher than previously thought.
|
0.961594 |
Happy tax day to everyone. This year, for the first time in a long time, I had a refund on my federal taxes. Of course, in 2012, I had no income.
Today, the extract from my book, Leadership for New Managers: Book Two (http://smashwords.com/b/300090) is about training. I am a big support of organizational training. I served in the Army for 22 years, and the Army is big on training. I worked for ServiceMaster from 1993 until they sold my division to Aramark in 2001. ServiceMaster was big on training. Leaders show that they care about their employees when they train them. Unfortunately, many organizations will cut training funds from the budgets when budgets get tight. When they do, it sends a message to the employees that the organization does not care about them and their development.
I have heard managers say that if they train their employees too well, they will leave for better paying jobs. In answer to that complaint, a friend of mine used to ask, "What if you don't train them and they don't leave?" If managers sincerely care about their employees, they would be happy to see them better themselves. The answer is, of course, train them well and then pay them more.
It is a leader’s responsibility to ensure associates receive the appropriate education, training, and experiences for their tasks and for promotion as well. They encourage their associates to reach their full potential. They motivate others to develop themselves. They stimulate innovative and critical thinking in others and seek new approaches to problems.
Education is a programmed activity with the principal purpose of the development of one or more intellectual attributes. Leader/managers ensure their associates attend appropriate educational opportunities.
An organization can harness the experience of its people and organizations to improve the way it operates. Based on experiences, learning organizations adopt new techniques and procedures that complete jobs more efficiently or effectively. Likewise, they discard techniques and procedures that have outlived their purpose. Learning organizations create a climate that values learning.
Experiences occur when the participant is subject to practical consequences of choices and actions. Experiences comprise knowledge and skills gained through involvement or exposure to an event. Experiences include assignments, jobs, training events, and educational opportunities. Leader/managers should offer and encourage broadening opportunities and professionally developing assignments to their associates.
Training is a programmed activity with the principal purpose of developing capabilities for competent and decisive action. Training is for associates, leader/managers, and departments to achieve technical competence that builds confidence and agility. Leader/managers ensure associates conduct training to accomplish goals and to prepare for future responsibilities. Education and training spans everything from high school, GED, through graduate school. It includes special skills training, organizational training sessions, and third party training and on-the-job-training.
Leader/managers who make it a priority to improve their associates lead learning organizations.
They use effective assessment and training methods, motivate others to develop themselves, and help others obtain training and education to reach their potential. Leader/managers create a learning environment by using effective assessment and training methods. They emphasize learning from one’s mistakes.
OSHA does not require training on winter driving, working in hot or cold weather, or the safe use of lawn mowers or snow blowers. Yet, these areas are often the source of accidents.
valuable training within their department. Leader/managers must be great trainers and teachers.
knowledge and feedback they provide through counseling, coaching, and mentoring.
|
0.99981 |
Name a topic that links science, history, art, and culture. How about color?
Let’s follow the theme of color through the vast collections of the Smithsonian Libraries, and make a few unexpected connections and discoveries.
Most of us take color for granted. We simply see it the moment that light beams from or reflects off an object, enters our eyes, and is processed by our brains. But do we stop to think what color actually is?
Journeying through the collections of the Smithsonian Libraries — from chemistry to catalogs, from colorblind tests to couture — we might see color in a new light.
Until the mid-1800s, all dyes came from natural sources, such as insects, roots, or minerals. Producing them was difficult and expensive.
I say green; you say green. How do we know we’re talking about the same color?
|
0.998833 |
What six types of books comprise the New Testament?
How many types of books are there really in the New Testament?
I can find only 5 types of books.
|
0.999997 |
Jackson County (county code JA) is a county located in Northeast Kansas, in the Central United States. The population was estimated to be 13,500 in the year 2006. Its county seat and most populous city is Holton. The county along with Shawnee, Jefferson, Osage, and Wabaunsee counties is included in the Topeka, Kansas, Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 228,894 in 2006.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 658 square miles (1,704 km²), of which 656 square miles (1,698 km²) is land and 2 square miles (6 km²), or 0.35%, is water.
As of the U.S. Census in 2000, there were 12,657 people, 4,727 households, and 3,507 families residing in the county. The population density was 19 people per square mile (7/km²). There were 5,094 housing units at an average density of 8 per square mile (3/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 90.21% White, 6.84% Native American, 0.53% Black or African American, 0.17% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.39% from other races, and 1.84% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.49% of the population.
Jackson County is divided into fifteen townships. The city of Holton is considered governmentally independent and is excluded from the census figures for the townships. In the following table, the population center is the largest city (or cities) included in that township's population total, if it is of a significant size.
Jackson County (county code JA) is a county located in Northeast Kansas, in the Central United States. The population was estimated to be 13,500 in the year 2006. Its county seat and most populous city is Holton. The county along with Shawnee, Jefferson, Osage, and Wabaunsee counties is included in the Topeka Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 226,268 in the year 2003.
As of the U.S. Census in 2000,GR2 there were 12,657 people, 4,727 households, and 3,507 families residing in the county. The population density was 7/km² (19/sq mi). There were 5,094 housing units at an average density of 3/km² (8/sq mi). The racial makeup of the county was 90.21% White, 6.84% Native American, 0.53% Black or African American, 0.17% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.39% from other races, and 1.84% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.49% of the population.
This page uses content from the English language Wikipedia. The original content was at Jackson County, Kansas. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with this Familypedia wiki, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons License.
Coord possibly warning.png"39°21′17″N;95°59′43″W}}" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. , warning.png"39°26′5″N;95°50′25″W}}" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. , warning.png"39°20′53″N;95°40′44″W}}" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. , warning.png"39°15′34″N;95°41′2″W}}" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. , warning.png"39°26′41″N;95°44′35″W}}" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. , warning.png"39°25′35″N;95°38′9″W}}" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. , warning.png"39°26′47″N;95°58′14″W}}" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. , warning.png"39°31′0″N;95°50′38″W}}" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. , warning.png"39°31′3″N;95°44′36″W}}" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. , warning.png"39°19′40″N;95°50′26″W}}" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. , warning.png"39°36′42″N;95°43′47″W}}" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. , warning.png"39°31′22″N;95°58′27″W}}" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. , warning.png"39°31′24″N;95°37′0″W}}" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. , warning.png"39°15′5″N;95°58′1″W}}" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. , and warning.png"39°36′4″N;95°36′57″W}}" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki.
This article uses material from the "Jackson County, Kansas" article on the Genealogy wiki at Wikia and is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike License.
City of Holton Website - Holton, Kansas: The Official City of Holton Website.
|
0.915654 |
Sheila Nevins (born April 6, 1939) is an American television producer and the former President of HBO Documentary Films. She has produced over 1,000 documentary films for HBO and is one of the most influential people in documentary filmmaking. She has worked on productions that have been recognized with 35 News and Documentary Emmy Awards, 42 Peabody Awards, and 26 Academy Awards. Nevins has won 32 individual Primetime Emmy Awards, more than any other person.
Nevins was born to a Jewish family on the Lower East Side of Manhattan in New York City to Stella Nevins (née Rosenberg), a chemist, and Benjamin Nevins, a Russian immigrant post office worker who was also a bookie. Nevins' family was very poor and her mother suffered from an acute form of Raynaud's disease, which resulted in amputations of her limbs, and scleroderma. Nevins has a younger sister (born 1946) who is a doctor.
Due to the generosity of her uncle, who was a wealthy inventor, Nevins attended private schools growing up. Nevins attended Little Red School House and the High School of Performing Arts in New York City.
She received a BA in English from Barnard College in 1960. In 1963 she received an MFA in Directing from the Yale School of Drama, where she was one of two women in the directing program.
In the 1960s, Nevins began her career at the United States Information Agency in Washington, D.C.. She was hired to play a secretary in the USIA TV series called Adventures in English, which was created to teach English vocabulary, which her character repeated, in foreign countries. Nevins then worked as a researcher, cataloging historical footage about World War II at the Library of Congress. Nevins said that this immersive work inspired her to shift focus from the fictional world of theater to the fact-based world of documented in film.
From 1970 to 1973, after moving back to New York, Nevins apprenticed with director Don Mischer and producer Bob Squire. Nevins then got a job as a researcher on Al Perlmutter's on the groundbreaking Channel 13 TV show The Great American Dream Machine, eventually working her way up to doing segments and "man on the street" interviews. Nevins also worked as a director. Inspired by the film Salesman, she hired Albert and David Maysles to direct parts of the show.
In 1973, Nevins was a Field Producer for The Reasoner Report on ABC News.
From 1973 to 1975, Nevins wrote for Time-Life Films. She worked briefly for 20/20. Nevins declined Don Hewitt's invitation to be a producer for 60 Minutes.
In 1975 she began working as a writer and producer for the Children's Television Workshop. She also worked at Scribner making recordings of books for blind people. Nevins was a researcher then associate producer for The Great American Dream Machine on National Educational Television.
In 1978 and 1979, Nevins was a producer for the CBS News magazine Who's Who.
In 1979, Nevins was hired by HBO as Director of Documentary Programming on a 13-week contract. She continued in that position until 1982.
From 1983 to 1985, Nevins had a production company called Spinning Reels and created the animated educational program Braingames.
In 1986, Nevins returned to HBO as Vice President of Documentary Programming. In 1995, she became the Senior Vice President of Original Programming. Nevin's tenure at HBO saw the rise of sexually-themed programming in the America Undercover documentary series.
From 1999 to 2003, Nevins was the Executive Vice President of Original Programming at HBO. In 1998, Nevins said that she produced 12 documentaries a year at HBO, with budgets that were typically US$600,000 in 1998 dollars.
Nevins was HBO's President of Documentary and Family Programming since 2004.
In March 2018, Nevins retired from her position at HBO.
In 2007, Nevins wrote the forward to the book Addiction: Why Can't They Just Stop?, which was based on the HBO documentary series of the same name, and was produced in association with the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.
In 2017, Nevins published a memoir, You Don't Look Your Age... and Other Fairy Tales. Nevins explores concepts of aging, youth, and experience. Some of the book features lightly fictionalized vignettes and poetry. Kathy Bates, Gloria Vanderbilt, Lily Tomlin, Martha Stewart, Meryl Streep, RuPaul, among many others, contributed audio performances to the audio version of the book.
In 1963, Nevins married a lawyer who also attended Yale. Though she wanted to pursue a theater career, her husband wanted her to be home evenings and weekends, forcing her to find a daytime job. The marriage ended in divorce.
In 1972, Nevins married investment banker Sidney Koch. The pair had a home in Litchfield, Connecticut and an apartment on the Upper East Side of Manhattan. They have one son, David Koch (born 1980). She has discussed her son's struggle with Tourette syndrome and her struggle to be a working mother with a son who was ill. Nevins has said that the 2007 HBO series, Addiction, was inspired by her son's struggles with substance abuse.
Nevins produced an HBO documentary about the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire called Triangle: Remembering the Fire, to which she had a personal connection, which she found out about after seeing the documentary Schmatta. Nevins' great-aunt Celia Gitlin, a 17-year-old immigrant from Russia, had died in the fire.
Nevins enjoys theater and is an admirer of Gloria Steinem, who she has deemed "next to my mother, the most important woman I’ve ever met."
1997: Outstanding Children's Program for How Do You Spell God?
1999: Outstanding Nonfiction Special for Thug Life in D.C.
Nevins, Sheila (forward by) (2007). Hoffman, John; Froemke, Susan (eds.). Addiction: Why Can't They Just Stop?: New Knowledge, New Treatments, New Hope. New York: Rodale, Inc. ISBN 978-1-609-61697-7. OCLC 894934005.
Nevins, Sheila (2017). You Don't Look Your Age... and Other Fairy Tales. New York: Flatiron Books. ISBN 978-1-250-11132-6. OCLC 1033473012.
^ a b c d Mascaro, Thomas A. (2008). "Documentaries: Form and Function". In Edgerton, Gary R.; Jones, Jeffrey P. (eds.). The Essential HBO Reader. Lexington, KY: University Press of Kentucky. pp. 239-. ISBN 978-0-813-17265-1. OCLC 190963950.
^ "Sheila Nevins: United States Public Records, 1970-2009". FamilySearch. 1 January 2009.
^ Taubin, Amy (Summer 2004). "HBO's Sheila Nevins Nurtures and Nudges". Ms. Magazine.
^ Salemi, Vicki (16 September 2017). "Executive Producer Sheila Nevins Shares Five Career And Life Lessons". Forbes.
^ "The National Academy of Television Arts & Sciences Announces Winners at the 38th Annual News & Documentary Emmy® Awards" (PDF). National Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. 5 October 2017.
^ "Nevins, Sheila". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved 12 November 2018.
^ "Deaths: NEVINS-Stella" (PDF). The New York Times. 23 October 1975. p. 42.
^ Dunn, Edwina (2017). "Sheila Nevins". The Female Lead: Women Who Shape Our World. London: Ebury Press. ISBN 978-1-473-52945-8. OCLC 992169535.
^ "Sheila Nevins" (Video). MAKERS. 2017.
^ a b c "Sheila Nevins interview". Archive of American Television (Interview). Interviewed by Karen Herman. New York. 2 May 2006.
^ a b c Jensen, Elizabeth (11 June 2010). "Sheila Nevins: The Force Behind HBO Documentaries". The New York Times.
^ a b Rose, Charlie; Nevins, Sheila (21 March 2001). "Sheila Nevins - Charlie Rose" (Video interview, includes transcript). Charlie Rose.
^ Blau, Eleanor (11 February 1988). "Museum Show Honors 25 Years of Channel 13". The New York Times.
^ a b Sheuer, Steven; Nevins, Sheila (17 October 2002). "Television in America: An Autobiography - Sheila Nevins" (Video interview). Television in America. CUNY TV.
^ a b Rose, Charlie; Nevins, Sheila (28 April 2017). "Sheila Nevins - Charlie Rose" (Video interview with transcript). Charlie Rose.
^ O'Connor, John J. (5 November 1984). "'Wonderworks' and 'Braingames'". The New York Times.
^ Salamon, Julie (3 March 2002). "Nevins Rules". The New York Times.
^ Sterngold, James (15 April 1998). "Arts in America; HBO Programmer Likes to Kindle Both Heat and Light". The New York Times.
^ Dowd, Maureen (16 December 2017). "The Grande Dame of Documentary Is Leaving Her Home at HBO". The New York Times.
^ Haylock, Zoe (22 March 2017). "Sheila Nevins Declares She's "Too Energetic and Ambitious to Retire"". The Hollywood Reporter.
^ Nevins, Sheila (forward by) (2007). Hoffman, John; Froemke, Susan (eds.). Addiction: Why Can't They Just Stop?: New Knowledge, New Treatments, New Hope. New York: Rodale, Inc. ISBN 978-1-609-61697-7. OCLC 894934005.
^ Nevins, Sheila (2017). You Don't Look Your Age... and Other Fairy Tales. New York: Flatiron Books. ISBN 978-1-250-11132-6. OCLC 1033473012.
^ Clemons, Steve; Nevins, Sheila (25 October 2018). "The New Old Age: Films, Fairy Tales, and Aging" (Video interview). The Atlantic.
^ Simon, Scott; Nevins, Sheila (29 April 2017). "Documentary Filmmaker On The Personal Essays In 'You Don't Look Your Age'" (Audio interview). Weekend Edition Sunday. NPR.
^ Barnes, Brooks (5 May 2017). "Being an 'Old Lady' Role Model in Hollywood? Not Easy". The New York Times.
^ Nelson, Steve; Nevins, Sheila (30 July 2001). "Hauser Collection: Sheila Nevins 2001 Oral and Video History" (Oral history video interview with transcript). The Cable Center.
^ "Weddings/Celebrations: Brooke Colbert, David Koch". The New York Times. 25 September 2011.
^ Berger, Joseph (25 March 2011). "Triangle Fire: Clinging to Scraps of Memories". The New York Times.
^ Jensen, Elizabeth (12 August 2011). "Steinem's Story, for a New Generation". The New York Times.
^ "THR's Women in Entertainment 2011: Power 100. Sheila Nevins: President, HBO Documentary Films". The Hollywood Reporter. 7 December 2011.
^ "Women of Achievement Honorees". Women's Project Theater.
^ "She's Nobody's Baby: The History of American Women in the 20th Century". Peabody Award. 1981.
^ Mesce, Jr., Bill (2015). Inside the Rise of HBO: A Personal History of the Company That Transformed Television. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers. p. 137. ISBN 978-1-476-62225-5. OCLC 913376198.
^ "Personal Award: Sheila Nevins". Peabody Award. 1999.
^ "Baghdad ER (Home Box Office)". Peabody Award. 2006.
^ "Mea Maxima Culpa: Silence in the House of God (HBO)". Peabody Award. 2013.
^ "Life According to Sam (HBO)". Peabody Award. 2013.
Cunningham, Megan (2005). "Producing: Sheila Nevins: Collaborating with Directors". The Art of the Documentary: Fifteen Conversations with Leading Directors, Cinematographers, Editors, and Producers. San Francisco: New Riders. ISBN 978-0-133-76497-0. OCLC 869792233.
Dunn, Edwina (2017). "Sheila Nevins". The Female Lead: Women Who Shape Our World. London: Ebury Press. ISBN 978-1-473-52945-8. OCLC 992169535.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sheila Nevins.
This page was last edited on 19 March 2019, at 16:20 (UTC).
|
0.965857 |
How important is it to offer multi-screen services? Consumers want real-time access to information and entertainment through rich content delivery on a number of different devices. If their service provider cannot provide the same rich content on each device, they will look for one who can.
For those service providers seeking to launch successful multi-screen services, Alcatel-Lucent has the technical expertise and global experience to make it happen. This company can also provide the tools necessary to handle the bandwidth taxing services consumers want. Through proven performance, the company has proven that service providers can leverage the capabilities of their networks to enable applications and enter the digital media value chain.
When a service provider adopts an optimal approach for the distribution of media to consumers, they can better align all internal processes to achieve its strategic goals. In addition, proven business models will ensure the desired level of subscriber uptake is achieved. For the service provider hoping to build sustainable revenue streams, this approach is vital.
With Alcatel-Lucent's clearly-articulated multimedia strategy, the company puts into practice the proven and innovative thinking that led to the Application Enablement vision. The first step is the high leverage network that builds an open, flexible and robust framework to support rich multimedia content experiences.
The proper framework in place ensures the service provider can offer multiscreen services to drive reliable revenue. The Velocix Digital Media Delivery Platform, for instance, helps to provide dynamic caching which will enable the delivery of intelligently distributed multimedia content to all subscribers.
Alcatel-Lucent's Multimedia Integration Services ensure the service provider can develop and implement a comprehensive video strategy that will transform the assets of the service provider to offer customers an integrated, interactive multimedia experience. Subscribers receive the rich content they want on multiple screens though best-in-class solutions and end-to-end professional services put in place by Alcatel-Lucent.
Once these systems are in place, the service provider can use the mobile smartloading capabilities to offload the bandwidth demands experienced at peak times of service. This is essential for the service provider that hopes to be able to deliver the rich content consumers demand as this content is also taxing on available bandwidth.
In partnering with a company like Alcatel-Lucent, the service provider gains access to the capabilities necessary to drive the desired performance that will attract and keep customers. After all, a company that cannot deliver during peak time hours is one that won't have demand to meet other times of the day.
|
0.923978 |
What does the "S" stand for? Not "Sony."
The company launched the Uber-like S.Ride app in Tokyo on Tuesday. That "S", according to advertising, stands for three words, none of which are Sony: "simple", "smart" and "speedy".
The app was officially launched by a company called Minna no Taxi, which translates to "Everybody's Taxi". Minna no Taxi is a joint venture between Sony Corporation, Sony Payment Services and several Japanese taxi companies.
|
0.999821 |
The original article was written in French, this is a translation.
Why has transparency become such an important issue today? What is it that leads international organisations to make transparency a fundamental principle in the implementation of projects? And how has transparency developed in Africa in the PPP sector? To answer these questions, it is necessary to go back a few years, if not a few decades in order to understand the reasons for this strong drive towards transparency in Africa and elsewhere.
It is difficult to envisage infrastructure development and the exploitation of natural resources on the continent by solely making use of public funding. Irrespective of whether it is in the energy, water and sewage, telecommunications, transport or the extractive industries sector, it is often in a country’s interest to partner with private companies. However, the proximity and influence of large enterprises in some African States have sometimes led those States to take decisions against their own interest, notably by allowing investors to enjoy further financial benefits to the detriment of their citizens, consequently leading to improper management of public funds. In the mining sector in particular, the non-transparent management of funds derived from extractive industries and the privileges granted to investors in terms of mining taxes led the extractive industries sector to reveal the necessity to consider this issue.
From the States perspective first, transparency, through the sharing of information with the public, will encourage them, on the one hand, to further justify their decision making and their public policies, and on the other hand, to adopt more responsible decisions likely to be better understood by the public. The disclosure of information will also encourage them to maintain efficient management of their information system, with better data retention and the possibility to subsequently improve the accuracy of the information. Lastly, pertinent and quality information will allow them to better define their objectives and improve the services offered to citizens and companies.
Then for the investor, the notion of transparency will mean to have a safer legal environment in procurement processes for which equitable treatment of tenderers is essential. Private partners will feel more confident with clear and pre-established rules. Transparency will also have the advantage of precluding any source of conflict linked to the absence of information, incomplete information or misunderstandings. Its effectiveness will enable companies to obtain a “social licence to operate,” in other words acceptance of the private company by the local community. Lastly, a transparent system will protect the investor from any temptation or attempt at bribery.
Lastly for the citizens, access to information will enable them to participate more in the country's politics. Transparency will play a fundamental role by enabling the public and local communities to ensure that the projects correspond to the population's needs and therefore that the citizen's resources are put to good use. The citizens must be informed for example of the impact of the development of a project, its objectives and estimated costs making it possible to justify the good use of public funds.
More and more international organisations and institutions encourage States and parties involved to be more transparent. The Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI), created in 2003, aims at proposing tools, rules and standards to facilitate good governance in the sector. The initiative proposes in particular the disclosure of information at certain stages of the implementation of mining projects, with as a main recommendation the publication of the mining contract, including commercial and financial data. One can also mention the Construction Sector Transparency (CoST) Initiative which for its part encourages governments to increase transparency and responsibility for a better return on public investment in infrastructure. The World Bank has also published guidelines called "A Framework for Disclosure in Public-Private Partnership" in which it encourages States to be more transparent. Those guidelines provide a real framework for the disclosure of information in the PPP sector by making recommendations.
The African Legal Support Facility ("ALSF") is currently developing country profiles summarising the legal and institutional framework of the PPPs in Africa. Many of them have adopted special regulatory framework for PPPs. It appears clearly from these legislations that the principle of transparency is becoming a fundamental pillar of any PPP project. Encouraging transparency in the tender process, contract award and implementation of a project is an efficient procedure to fight against corruption.
Adopting a law on PPPs could further induce good governance and transparency. Through their PPP laws, African States are seeking to define a clear and precise legal framework with pre-established laws upon which investors can rely on. Legislation clarifies in particular the role of each institution with most often the creation of a PPP unit with a supporting and advising role for contracting authorities throughout the implementation of a PPP project, or a steering committee to ensure the supervision of the tendering procedure. Similarly, the process for the development of PPPs, selection of the private partner as well as the roles and responsibilities of the public and private partners are clearly defined in the majority of laws.
Besides the law, guidelines, simple recommendations, or even standard documents to be used, when disclosing specific information, may also be elaborated by States in order to strengthen existing legislation. For each one of these instruments, the State may provide clarification with regard to the nature of the information and the manner in which to disclose it.
In order to be effective, transparency must also be present throughout the project: at the time of the preparation of the project, the tender procedure, the evaluation of the candidates or at the time of the implementation of the PPPs. For each phase the scope and nature of the information will mostly be subject to discussions that will be better controlled if they are based on a well-defined legal framework.
The States must first of all carefully plan their PPP projects in order to avoid the selection of a project which may not meet with the country's needs, and to be able to justify their choices to their population. At this stage transparency could for example take the form of the publication of the countries' investment programmes.
It is nevertheless at the tendering stage that the notion of transparency becomes apparent by requiring the publication of the tender procedure for effective competition or even, subsequently, the publication of the successful tenderer's provisional award report. The publication of the request for qualification or the request for a proposal often includes evaluation criteria and even the draft contract. Similarly, the publication of the tenderers' evaluation and the results of the tender will make it possible to prove that the tender process is fair and complies with the law. Some laws even stipulate the cancellation of the tender procedure if it is not advertised. Another example of the implementation of the principle of transparency is the Zambian law which provides for retention of data on the tendering procedure. These pre-defined rules of the game will avoid any subsequent conflicts linked to contract award disputes.
Thus, in a general manner, public authorities could provide information on projects under development, the estimated cost of the project, or even the provisional schedule for awarding the tender. For example, PPP projects of Ivory Coast are accessible on the site of the National Public Private Partnership Steering Committee (CNP-PPP) and are classified per sector (http://www.ppp.gouv.ci). In Morocco, the law indicates that notification of PPP tendering procedures is published on the website of the relevant public person, on the public procurement portal (https://www.marchespublics.gov.ma/pmmp) and in the Official Gazette of legal, judicial and administrative announcements.
The choice of the private partner selection procedure is a key issue. Transparency is appreciated on the level of treatment of tenderers and access to information on the project. Evaluation criteria must therefore be clearly defined up front.
In the PPP laws adopted in Africa, the call for tender is emerging as a basic principle whereas direct negotiation or unsolicited offers becoming exceptions and are subject to a rigorous framework and strict control. These exceptional procedures which are characterised by an absence of prior competition, require much greater vigilance and must force governments to organise the disclosure of information in such a manner that transparency is guaranteed. Egyptian law goes even further in closing the door to any other procedure than a public tender, while others such as Gambia, Senegal or Togo require that unsolicited proposals be put to tender under certain conditions. In order to ensure an efficiency in the selection procedure of tenderers, the State could, like in some European or Latin American countries, require the signature of an integrity pact where the stakeholders commit to respect the procedure rules to avoid all risks of corruption.
Lastly, in the project implementation phase, the main issue is whether the PPP contract will be published or not. Some think that the contract must be published in its entirety, whereas others think that some information regarded as sensitive (essentially of a commercial or financial nature) cannot be disclosed. When contracts are standardised, governments tend to publish the contract. On the contrary, for contracts negotiated on a case-by-case basis, publication will be less spontaneous. Other information, such as the project's progress or reports, may also be published to guarantee certain transparency. Moroccan law states for example that on the application of the principle of transparency and the right to information, relevant data on the partnership contract must be published. Tunisian law provides that the public authority have to publish its decision to award the partnership contract on its website and at places allocated for central and regional administrative notices related to it. The entry into force of the contract could even, in some cases, be subject to its publication.
To conclude, the effective implementation of transparency within the PPP framework relies on mechanisms the State is prepared to implement to ensure effectiveness throughout the PPP project. Reading the PPP legislations, it appears that although the principle of transparency is clearly spelt out in most African countries, the States have not yet gone far enough in developing the principle and corresponding legal provisions remain timid. Some countries like Morocco and Tunisia play the transparency game more openly whereas others limit themselves to simply stating its principle. Various countries such as Benin, Guinea and Mali are currently defining a new PPP legal framework. It can only be hoped that they show initiative and determination in order to offer an efficient framework for better transparency that will allow the implementation of PPP projects that better respond to the expectations of their citizens.
|
0.801279 |
Korea honors a long-standing legacy of astronomy, treasured for thousands of years. The origin of Korean ancient astronomy dates back to the prehistoric era. Astronomical signs in the prehistoric age are star-like cup-marks carved on cover stones of dolmens. It is evident that ancient Korean kingdoms established own bureaus of astronomy, built observatories, and employed administrators designated to observe astronomical phenomena. Initial observations of astronomical phenomena started from the 1st century BCE and over 20,000 extensive historical records and relics have passed down from generation to generation. In particular, Cheomseongdae Observatory, built in 633 CE is one of the oldest observatories in the world.
Cheomsungdae, an astronomical observatory built in the 7th century, still stands in the city of Gyeongju, the capital of the Shilla dynasty.
In general, Korean kings and nobilities were in favor of supporting astronomy. The reign of King Sejong the Great, between 1418 and 1450 is known as the unprecedented Golden Age of Korean science and culture, with particular attention to astronomical instruments and technologies. King Sejong the Great commissioned a substantial revision of Western, Islamic and East Asian traditional sciences and placed Korea as one of the frontrunners leading the calendrical science, astronomical observation, and invention of related instruments in the region.
One of the outstanding astronomical heritages during the Joseon Dynasty is a star chart carved on a stone plate in 1395. The stone star chart contains 1,467 stars with various sizes. According to the modern calculations, it is known that the location of the star was found to be located in the 1st century and the 14th century.
King Sejong the Great (1418–1450) was the fourth king of Joseon Dynasty who invented Hangul, the native phonetic alphabet system for the Korean language.
Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido is a planisphere originally carved in 1396, four years after the inauguration of the first King of Joseon Dynasty. According to the preface written in the bottom part of the chart, it was based on a sky map observed in the early Goguryeo Dynasty.
Angbu Ilgu, "pot-shaped Sun clock staring at the sky” is a sundial made by Jang Yeong-sil, a Korean astronomer lived under the King Sejong's reign.
Due to the tragic collapse of the Joseon Dynasty in 1910 and followed Japanese colonial rule and Korean War, Korean modern astronomy in the early 20th century struggled for existence. Nonetheless, Koreans in the midst of hardship strived to continue and honor the legacy of astronomy research. Since the first modern lecture on astronomy taught at the Yonsei University in 1915 and the launch of the first independent department of astronomy at the Seoul National University in 1958, Korean astronomy underwent steady expansion.
Now with eight universities offering up to Ph.D programs in astronomy and astrophysics, Korean astronomy enjoys a rapid growth in numbers of well educated human resources, cutting edge research outputs, and astronomical instruments. Together with Korean astronomers’ dedicated commitment to astronomy and substantial government support, Korea is engaged in various activities including the launch of space telescopes, Korea VLBI network (KVN), the network of three wide-field telescopes in the Southern Hemisphere (KMTNet) monitoring the sky 24 hours a day. Active international collaborations are also sought, by partaking in the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT) consortium. After a long pause, Korea once again steers the way into the great endeavor to stand on the frontline of astronomy and space science for mankind and a better tomorrow.
Since its establishment in 1974, the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) has been home to astronomical research activities, construction and operation of medium and large observational facilities. It has also laid an important foundation for the ultimate advancement of the basic science in the Republic of Korea. KASI has played an underpinning role in the advancement of astronomical science and technology in close association with the KAS, employing the long-term strategic schemes.
The Korea Microlensing Telescope Network (KMTNet) is a wide-field photometric system installed by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI). The system consists of three 1.6m wide-field optical telescopes equipped with mosaic CCD cameras of 18k by 18k pixels. Each telescope provides a 2.0 by 2.0 square degree field of view.
The installations of all three telescopes and cameras were finished sequentially at the Cerro-Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO) in Chile, the South African Astronomical Observatory (SAAO) in South Africa, and the Siding Spring Observatory (SSO) in Australia. This network of telescopes, which is spread over three different continents at a similar latitude of about -30 degrees, enables 24-hour continuous monitoring of targets observable in the Southern Hemisphere.
All of the observation data are transferred to the KMTNet data center at KASI via the international network communication and are processed with the KMTNet data pipeline. The primary scientific goal of the KMTNet is to discover numerous extrasolar planets toward the Galactic bulge by using the gravitational microlensing technique, especially earth-mass planets in the habitable zone. During the non-bulge season, the system is used for wide-field photometric survey science on supernovae, asteroids, and external galaxies.
The Korean VLBI Network is the one and only VLBI facility, employing multi frequency bands from 22 GHz to 142 GHz in the world. It consists of three 21m radio telescopes that are located in Seoul (Yonsei University), Ulsan (Ulsan University), and on Jeju Island (Tamna University). These radio telescopes altogether produce an effective spatial resolution, equivalent to that of a 500km radius. Compared to the American and European VLBI networks such as VLBA and EVN, the size of the KVN is relatively small; however, the KASI is currently developing an innovative multi-frequency-band receiver system in order to overcome this shortcoming. At this stage, it is possible to make simultaneous VLBI observations at four different frequency bands: 21.03-23.44. 41.89-44.30, 84.58-95.49, 124.0-142.0 GHz. The KVN is now testing an observation stage for a world-class and competitive VLBI research.
The GMT is a twenty-five meter optical telescope currently under construction by a consortium of 12 institutions in four countries, plans to be operational in 2024 at the Las Campanas Observatory in Chile, one of the best astronomical sites in the world. KASI has been participating in the GMT project representing Korean astronomical community since 2009. The Korean GMT (K-GMT) is a KASI project supporting the participation in the GMT construction, development of state-of-art instruments, and preparation for the era of GMT. K-GMT is working closely with the Korean astronomical community through the science and instrument working group (SIWG) which is composed of about 15 members from KASI and Korean universities. Since its first composition in 2009, SIWG has been active in holding annual Summer school for the students and postdocs, publishing science books for GMT, and holding international conferences, etc. to foster academical next generation and promote scientific capability of the community.
In 2014, the KASI has entered into an MOA with the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan under the National Institutes of Natural Sciences and became an official partner of the ALMA project as an East Asian ALMA consortium member. The KASI is sharing the East Asian ALMA consortium by in-kind contribution of developing multi-beam systems worth of USD 0.5M in 2015.
The KASI continues to seek more opportunities to engage in the international collaborative activities and is pleased to endorse the KAS to host the IAUGA 2021 in this context. The KASI shall offer full technical and financial supports for the success of the GA in IAU history.
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.