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If someone asks you, "What do you usually do with your QQ?'' You may say, "I just chat ." Niu Lianzhong teaches PE in a middle school and he sets up a QQ group. However, his purpose is not to chat or show himself. He doesn't want to do anything for fun, either. He just wants more people to know the QQ group. He hopes to help others and now he saves more than 400 people's lives. We all know there are four blood types-A, B, AB, and O. But in fact, a few people's blood types are very special . Niu is just one of them. Since he sets up his QQ group, more than 100 special-blooded people in China join in it. Now, when a patient or a hospital needs some special blood, they just call Niu for help. And Niu contacts his members of the QQ group quickly. Till now, he has donated his blood for about 20 times. Niu hopes that more people will join his group to help others. Which of the following is TRUE from the passage?
|
[
"There are three blood types.",
"He donated his blood for about 10 times.",
"More than 100 special-blooded people join in his group.",
"Just the patient call Niu for help."
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A student standing near a campfire feels warmer as the fire grows. Which process most likely transfers heat from the campfire to the student?
|
[
"conduction",
"convection",
"radiation",
"transformation"
] | 2C
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Billionaire Dennis Tito, tired of being told that we can't send humans to Mars just yet, on Wednesday revealed his scheme for launching two astronauts to the red planet as early as December 2017. Titled "Inspiration Mars," the flyby mission would exploit a rare line of Earth and Mars that minimizes the time and the fuel it would take to get to Mars and back home again. The astronauts would come within 100 miles of the Martian surface before being taken back to Earth. "It would be a voyage of around 800 million miles around the sun in 501 days," Tito testified Wednesday at a hearing of the House subcommittee on space. "No longer is a Mars flyby mission just one more theoretical idea. It can be done. Not in a matter of decades, but in a few years." Tito is a former engineer who made a fortune in investment management and, in 2001, became the first person to pay his way into space, buying a seat on a Russian rocket. Now he's pitching Inspiration Mars as a national priority for the United States. Grab this rare chance to go to Mars quickly or risk seeing China or Russia get there first, he told members of Congress. Tito mentioned a backup plan that would offer Inspiration Mars four more years of development time. Another line of planets in 2021 offers a second chance to go to Mars fairly quickly, but the journey would last 80 days longer and require that the astronauts fly much closer to the sun, within the orbit of Venus, in one portion of the trip. That would add to the already considerable radiation hazards. When Tito talked of the idea of Inspiration Mars early this year, he thought he could use primarily private rockets and minimize the need for NASA involvement. But the possibility study led Tito back to NASA. NASA is building a huge rocket, the Space Launch System, that is supposed to be ready for its originally, uncrewed test flight in 2017. The second launch, carrying a crew in NASA's new Orion capsule for the first time, isn't scheduled until 2021. Tito's plan would essentially borrow the SLS for the Mars mission, if NASA agreed. And NASA would have to pay for a lot of this. Tito described Inspiration Mars as a "charity partnership with government." He said private donors would probably give about $300 million for the mission, and the government would need to provide about $700 million -- in addition to the money NASA is already spending, under current programs, on rocket and spacecraft development. NASA reacted coolly to Tito's proposal. "Inspiration Mars's proposed schedule is a significant challenge due to life support systems, space radiation response, habitats and the human psychology of being in a small spacecraft for over 500 days," spokesman David Weaver said in a statement. "The agency is willing to share technical and programmatic expertise with Inspiration Mars but is unable to commit to sharing expenses with them. However, we remain open to further cooperation as their proposal and plans for a later mission develop." Where can you most probably read this passage?
|
[
"in a business newspaper",
"from VOA on Technology Report",
"in a textbook for pupils",
"in a fashion magazine"
] | 1B
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Here in Alaska, the wolf almost disappeared a few years ago, because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport. However, laws were passed to protect the wolves from sportsmen and people who catch the animals for their fur. So the wolf population has greatly increased. Now there are so many wolves that they are destroying their own food supply. A wolf naturally lives on animals in the deer family. People there also hunt deer for food. Many of the animals have been destroyed by the very cold winters recently and by changes in the plant life there. When the deer can't find enough food, they die. If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer, the deer will disappear some day. And the wolves will, too. So we must change the life cycles there. If we killed more wolves, we would save them from starving. We also save deer and some farm animals. In another northern state, wolves attack cows and chickens for food. Farmers want the United States government to send a team of scientists to study the problem. They believe it is necessary to kill wolves in some areas and to protect them in places where there is a small population. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
|
[
"Some wolves in some areas must be killed, which others should be protected.",
"Wolves should be protected, for there's a small population of it on earth.",
"All wolves should be protected, for they eat deer, cows and chicken.",
"It is necessary for scientists to protect wolves, or the cycle of life will be changed"
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Generic Name: ASPIRIN Pronunciation: ['aesp@rin] Why it is prescribed : 1. Aspirin relieves mild to moderate pain. 2. It reduces fever, redness, and swelling. 3. It prevents blood from clotting . When it is to be taken: 1. Aspirin is often taken without a prescription. 2. Follow the instructions on the label and package. 3. If your doctor prescribes aspirin for you, you will receive specific instructions for how often you should take it. 4. Keep in touch with your doctor. How it should be taken: 1. Aspirin comes in the form of suppositories , capsules, and regular, coated, extended-release, and chewable tablets. 2. Regular, coated, and extended-release aspirin tablets and capsules should be swallowed with a full glass of water or milk after meals to avoid stomach upset. 3. Chewable aspirin tablets may be chewed, crushed, dissolved in a liquid, or swallowed whole; a full glass of water, milk, or fruit juice should be drunk immediately after taking these tablets. Special Instruction: 1. Children should not take aspirin for fevers associated with flu or chickenpox because such use has been linked with a serious illness known as Reye's syndrome. 2. Adults should not take aspirin for pain for more than 10 days (five days for children) without consulting a doctor. 3. Aspirin should not be taken by adults or children for high fever, fever lasting longer than three days without a doctor's supervision . 4. Do not give more than five doses to a child in a 24-hour period unless directed to do so by a doctor. 5. If you miss a dose, take the missed dose as soon as you remember it and _ the prescribed schedule. Side Effects: 1. Although side effects from aspirin are not common, they can occur. 2. Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, indigestion and heartburn are common. Take aspirin after meals, with a full glass of water or milk. If these effects continue, contact your doctor. 3. Ringing in the ears, bloody or black stools , difficulty breathing, dizziness, mental confusion and sleepiness are rare. Stop taking the drug and contact your doctor. Other Precautions: 1. If you are pregnant or breast-feeding women, inform your doctor before taking aspirin. 2. Do not take aspirin if you are within three months of delivery. 3. Do not take aspirin if you are allergic to it. 4. If you have diabetes , regular use of eight or more regular strength aspirin tablets a day may affect test result. 5. If you are taking large doses of aspirin on a long-term basis, avoid having alcoholic drinks because alcohol can increase stomach problems. 6. To prevent an overdose of aspirin, read the labels before taking other pain relievers and cold products to be sure that they do not contain aspirin. Storage Conditions: 1. Store aspirin in a cool place or in a refrigerator. 2. Throw away aspirin that smells strongly of vinegar. 3. Keep this aspirin out of the reach of children. Which of the following might be a side effect caused by Aspirin?
|
[
"blood clotting",
"stomach upset",
"lasting fever",
"sight problem"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Do your parents ever say,"Act like a lady."or"Be a gentleman."to you? But in the eyes of today's teenagers, what should a lady or a gentleman be like? Let's take a look. What is a gentleman? The girls have their ideas: Huang Xiaoyu of Guizhou: A gentleman doesn't often get angry. He wants others to be well and happy. He is always ready to help. There is a boy in my class and I think he is a gentleman. If I don't do well in the English test, he will say,"You will do better next time."That makes me feel happy. Chen Tingting of Shenzhen: A gentleman always says,"Ladies first." When students clean up the classroom, he does the heavy work. He lets girls go into rooms first. There are no gentlemen in my class. When there is something to eat, the boys in my class always get them before girls! What is a lady?Boys tell us what they think a lady is: Wu Yifan of Dalian: A lady is quiet and kind, but she's not shy and she can talk about her ideas in front of others. To me, Jiang Yiyan, a film star, is a lady. She is pretty and kind. She does a lot for others. Wang Lichao of Tianjin: A lady is not just beautiful but clever. She never says bad words. She is quiet and kind to others. I don't think there is a lady in my class. Most of the girls are _ I think. Where is the passage from?
|
[
"A story book",
"A picture book.",
"A science book.",
"A magazine."
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
We use both words and gestures to express our feelings, but the problem is that these words and gestures can be understood in different ways. It is true that a smile means the same thing in any language. So does laughter or crying. There are also a number of striking similarities in the way different animals show the same feelings. Dogs, tigers and humans, for example, often show their teeth when they are angry. This is probably because they are born with those behavior patterns. Fear is another emotion that is shown in much the same way all over the world. In Chinese and in English literature, a phrase like "he went pale and begin to tremble" suggests that the man is either very afraid or he has just got a very big shock. However, "he opened his eyes wide" is used to suggest anger in Chinese whereas in English it means surprise. In Chinese "surprise" can be described in a phrase like 'they stretched out their tongues!' Sticking out your tongue in English is an insulting gesture or expresses strong dislike. Even in the same culture, people differ in ability to understand and express feelings. Experiments in America have shown that women are usually better than men at recognizing fear, anger, love and happiness on people's faces. Other studies show that older people usually find it easier to recognize or understand body language than younger people do. The best title for this passage may be _ .
|
[
"Words and Feelings",
"Words, Gestures and Feelings",
"Gestures and Feelings",
"Culture and Understanding"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Since 2005, the number of Internet users worldwide has doubled to more than one and a half billion. At least two billion are expected to be online by the end of this year. The ITU(International Telecommunicaiton Union) says more than 70% of new Internet users this year will be in developing countries. However, only 21% of the population of the developing world is online -- compared to 71% in developed countries. There are still very huge divides when it comes to connecting to the Internet. In developing countries, there are only one out of five people using the Internet. In Africa, only 10% of the population is using the Internet. Less than 16% of homes in developing countries are connected to the Internet. But, on the other hand, mobile phone usage has reached 68% in developing countries. The world has almost seven billion people. Nine out of ten are connected to mobile networks. The ITU says that mobile users will reach five billion three hundred million this year. Most of them are in the developing world. More and more people in developing countries are using their mobile phones to connect to the Internet. Mobile technology is already improving lives in developing countries. People can bank by phone, enjoy e-health services and so on. And people can enjoy more as broadband, or high-speed connections become more widely available. ITU Secretary General Hamadoun Toure believes broadband is the most powerful tool available in the race to meet the Development Goals by 2015. The text mainly tells us that _ .
|
[
"the Internet is playing an important role in people's lives",
"the most powerful tool for communication is the mobile phone",
"the number of Internet users is increasing fast",
"mobile technology has improved lives in developing countries"
] | 2C
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The moon looks bigger than stars at night. But in fact, it is smaller than any stars. The moon looks big to us, because it is closer to us than the stars. The moon goes round the earth. It makes one trip about four weeks. The moon is round and looks beautiful. Now people know quite a lot about the moon. There is no air or water on the moon, so there are not any trees or animals or people on it. The moon gets its light from the sun, but some places on the moon are quite dark. It's very cold at night. The sun _ to the moon.
|
[
"gets light",
"gives light",
"gives air",
"gets air"
] | 1B
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Yawning sends out certain messages -either "Oh,this movie is so boring" or "I probably need to get some sleep". But did you know that a yawn can also help your brain to cool down when it is overheated? A new study, led by a research team at Princeton University, has indicated that yawning could be the brain's natural way of regulating temperature. People yawn more often when the temperature outdoors is lower than their body temperature but are less likely to yawn when it is hotter outdoors, according to Sciencedaily. com. The research team did an experiment on 160 people, 80 in summer and 80 in winter, to examine how often they yawned at different air temperatures. The study found that people yawned more often in winter than in summer. Scientists say that when the air temperature is lower outside the body, there is heat exchange between the overheated brain and the cool air. But when the air temperature is higher than or equal to the body, people are less likely to yawn because the hot air they breathe in will make the brain even hotter. When people yawn, their jaw is also stretched,which increases blood flow and may also help cool the brain The study showed that the amount someone yawned could be related to the amount of time they spent outside. The longer they spent outside in summer, the less they yawned. Nearly 40 percent of participants yawned within their first five minutes outside, but after that the percentage was reduced to less than 10 percent. However, the result was the opposite in winter. The number of people who yawned increased when they spent more than five minutes outdoors. But the change was only slight compared to summertime. According to Gallup, this is the first report to show that yawning frequencies change depending on season. This could help us to understand better the way our brains work. It may also help us understand the reason why frequent yawning can sometimes be a sign of brain disease. The purpose of the experiment is _ .
|
[
"to find the frequency of people's yawning",
"to indicate brain can regulate temperature naturally",
"to prove people yawn in winter and in summer equally",
"to show the real reason why people yawn"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Fumbling with the buttons to find a good song while driving has been linked to increased risk of crashes, but is listening to music risky? "It depends on the music," says a report published in the October issue of Accident Analysis & Prevention. The study found teenage drivers who played their own music had significantly more traffic violations compared with background music designed by the researchers to minimize driving distractions, or no music. Researchers at Ben-Gurion University in Israel recruited 85 drivers about 18 years old; just over half were male. The _ were each assigned to drive six challenging road trips that were about 40 minutes long, accompanied by an experienced driving instructor. Music was played on four trips, two with selections from the drivers' playlists, mostly fast-paced vocals, and two with background music, which was a mixture of easy listening, soft rock and light jazz designed to increase driver safety. No music was played on two trips. Subjects rated their mood after each trip and in-car data recorders analyzed driver behavior and errors. All 85 subjects committed at least three errors in one or more of the six trips; 27 received a warning and 17 required steering or braking by an instructor to prevent an accident. When the music was their own, 98% made errors; without the music, 92% made errors; and while listening to the safe-driving music, 77% made errors. Speeding, following too close, inappropriate lane use, one-handed driving and were the common violations. The male subjects were more aggressive drivers and made more serious errors than female subjects. The teens played their own music at a very loud volume but significantly decreased the sound level when listening to the safe-driving music, researchers said. Mood ratings were highest on trips with driver-preferred music. It can be inferred from the passage that in the research _ .
|
[
"the teens committed the most errors",
"the male were more skillful in driving",
"traveling with no music made the least errors",
"driver-preferred music increased the mood ratings"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Sports, drama, and all kinds of organizations keep students busy during high school. Where do they get the money to do these things? Not everyone gets it from parents. Most have to work for at least some of the money to pay for these activities. Some adults question if high school students should have jobs. I say yes, they undoubtedly should. Some people worry that teens with after-school jobs will have difficulty finding time for schoolwork. Actually, having a job helps teens make better use of their time. Many jobs take only a couple of hours on weeknights. According to an article, 86 percent of high school students have an after-school, weekend or summer job and students who work between 10 and 20 hours per week during the school year get higher grades than those who do not work at all. Instead of considering working after school a , it should be looked at as real-world education. Other people think that work adds too much stress , which may be somewhat true, but whether having a job or not, there is always stress. Better to learn how to deal with busy schedules in a controlled environment like high school than to be out on your own and alone in the future, experiencing stress for the first time. I personally would be worried about the teenager who has to become independent without having any experience of working. The biggest reason teens should work is that it is a healthy way of making money. There are many things teens need to pay for and they cannot do it if they don't have a job. Not all parents can pay for these activities. My dad told me, "Having a job is a good way to save up for things you are going to need or want to do. You get a lot more out of things if you pay for them yourself." The sooner kids make money, the sooner they can learn how to use money wisely. If they are not allowed to work in high school, they may have a hard time in the future. Teens should, without a doubt, be allowed to work on school nights. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?
|
[
"Teens are too busy with study to work at high school.",
"Teens experience stress for the first time at high school.",
"Teens are worried about being independent in the future.",
"Teens who work will deal with stress better in the future."
] | 3D
|
high_school_microeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A previously unknown kind of human group disappeared from the world so completely that it has left behind the merest piece of evidence that it ever existed -- a single bone from the little finger of a child, buried in a cave in the Altai Mountains of southern Siberia. Researchers removed DNA from the bone and reported that it differed obviously from that of both modern humans and of Neanderthals , living in Europe until the arrival of modern humans on the continent some 44,000 years ago. The child carrying the DNA line was probably 5 to 7 years old, but it is not yet known if it was a boy or a girl. The finger bone was unearthed in 2008 from a place known as the Denisova cave. Researchers are careful not to call the Denisova child a new human species, though it may prove to be so, because the evidence is initial. But the genetic material removed from the bone, found in a layer laid down on the cave floor between 48,000 and 30,000 years ago, belonged to a distinct human line that traveled out of Africa at a different time from the two known ancient human species. Homo erectus , found in East Asia, left Africa two million years ago, and the ancestor of Neanderthals moved away some 500,000 years ago. The numbers of differences found in the child's DNA indicate that its ancestors left Africa about one million years ago. The region was inhabited by both Neanderthals and modern humans at that time. Counting the new human line, three human species may have lived together. The standard view has long been that there were three human resettlements out of Africa -- those of Homo erectus; of the ancestor of Neanderthals; and finally, some 50,000 years ago, of modern humans. But in 2004, archaeologists reported that they had found the bones of small humans who lived on the Indonesian island of Flores until 13,000 years ago, causing a serious problem to this view. The new line is the second such challenge. If the nuclear DNA of the Denisova child should differ as much as its mitochondrial DNA does from that of Neanderthals and modern humans, the case for declaring it a new species would be strengthened. But it would be unusual for a new species to be recognized on the basis of DNA alone. In new diggings starting this summer, archaeologists will look for remains more analytical than the finger bone. Researchers will also begin re-examining the fossil collections in museums to see if any wrongly assigned bones might belong instead to the new line. Which human line is the first challenge to the standard view of human resettlement?
|
[
"Neanderthals.",
"Modern humans.",
"Homo erectus.",
"Small humans in Indonesia."
] | 3D
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Science. And technology students in China and the US have a1ong way to go before they call develop a deep understanding of scientific reasoning, researchers have found. As part of a research to compare science education in China and the US,LeiBao, a professor from the Department of Physics of the Ohio State University, gave 5,760;freshmen in three US and four Chinese universities two tests to evaluate content knowledge and another to assess scientific reasoning |Though Chinese students did better than theirprefix = st1 /UScounterparts in the first two tests that Emphasized on learning facts, both groups "scored ly poorly" on the third test, designed to assess their ability on systematically explore a problem, the results showed. Lei Bao said that the finding challenges conventional wisdom,which holds that teaching science facts will improve students' reasoning ability."Our study shows that ,contrary to what many people would expect,even when students are thoroughly taught the facts,they don't necessarily develop the reasoning skills they need to succeed.''IBao said:'"Because students need both knowledge and reasoning, we need to explore teaching methods that target both." 'The current education systems and assessments of China and the US do not emphasize on deep understanding of scientific reasoning in the disciplines of science;technology, engineering and mathematics(STEM),the study concluded. Bao explained that reasoning is good skill for everyone to possess-not just scientists and engineers:The general public also need good reasoning skills in order to correctly interpret scientific findings and think rationally.STEM students need to _ scientific reasoning in order to handle open-ended real-world tasks in their future careers in science and engineering. How to boost scientific reasoning? The study suggests that educators must go beyond teaching science facts if they hope to boost students' reasoning ability.Bao points to inquiry-based leaning. where students work in groups,question teachers and design their own investigations.This teaching technique is growing in popularity worldwide. Which of the following is correct according to the passage?
|
[
"Little needs to be done to develop students' reasoning ability in the US.",
"Only scientists and engineers need reasoning abilities.",
"Two tests were carried out to evaluate students' scientific reasoning.",
"Inquiry-based learning is a good way to boost students' reasoning ability."
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Plant cloning has been an agricultural technique used by farmers and gardeners for centuries. Grafting is a common form of plant cloning. Many plants in nature actually clone themselves and reproduce asexually. Cloned plants are much more predictable than normal plants, so their yield is more reliable. Cloned plants also reproduce faster, limiting the amount of time between planting and harvesting. It is also often cheaper to produce seeds through cloning than through traditional methods. Plants can essentially be optimized so that farmers or individual growers always have the best seeds available. With more yield at a faster rate, farms can produce more food for more people while decreasing overall costs. Cloning can be used to wipe out diseases that previously killed off entire fields of crops. This would make plants immune to the kinds of diseases that farmers and gardeners around the world fear each year. Crop failures due to disease and virus could become a thing of the past. Also, plants that are near extinction can be brought back to life through cloning. Through cloning scientists can develop "super" fruits and vegetables of superior nutritional quality. This could make for a healthier population overall. This is already being done through selective pollination , and genetic cloning could take it to the next level. By plant cloning we have a population of identical plants and all these plants equally suffer from the same diseases, but in nature the weak would die and the strong would survive. While there are some dangers to consider with plant cloning, there are plenty of benefits that could prove vital to the propagation of the human species. What is the main purpose of the text?
|
[
"To warn the negative effects of plant cloning.",
"To present different kinds of plant cloning.",
"To predict the future of plant cloning.",
"To inform us about the advantages of plant cloning."
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Sabina Castelfrancol Rome October 16, 2011---The U.N. World Food program says there are growing concerns over food insecurity in the developing world. Some of those concerns are discussed in a report to agree with the anniversary Sunday of World Food Day. The theme for World Food Day 2011 is "Food prices-From Crisis to Stability". A ceremony to mark World Food Day will be held Monday at the headquarters of the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization in Rome. Rising food prices, weather emergencies and political instability are deepening the struggle of families trying to provide for their households in many developing nations. This year's "State of Food In security in the World" report, published last week, focuses on the impact of food price _ confirming that high, unpredictable prices are likely to continue. The report highlighted how poor consumers, small farmers and countries dependent on imports, especially in Africa, have been deeply affected by the food and economic crises. Gregory Barrow is with the World Food Program in Rome. "if you look at the places where World Food program works particularly in developing countries, you see populations of people who might be spending 60,70,80percent of their salaries on purchasing food for their families". Barrow added that if prices become changeful and generally start rising, even by a small amount, it means that many of these people are going to struggle to put nutritious food on their tables. The report also showed that even short-term fluctuations in prices can have a long-term effect on development, and that cutting back on nutritious food in the first 1.000 days of a child's life can affect mental and physical development and finally, future earning capacity . The United Nations has programs in place aimed at reducing the number of hungry people by one-half by 2015.But most observers agree this target is unlikely to be reached. The attitude of Barrow towards food prices is _ .
|
[
"concerned",
"supportive",
"disappointed",
"interested"
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Using only these supplies, which question can Monica investigate with an experiment?
|
[
"Does a tablet charge faster with a two-foot-long charging cable or a five-foot-long charging cable?",
"Does a cell phone charge more quickly when it is turned on or when it is turned off?",
"Does a cell phone charge faster when plugged into a wall outlet or into a computer?"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Although websites such as Facebook and MySpace experienced rapid growth during the middle of the first decade of the 21st century, some users remain unaware of the fact that the information they post online can come back to haunt them. First, employers can monitor employees who maintain a blog, photo diary, or website. Employers can look for controversial employee opinions, sensitive information disclosures, or wildly inappropriate conduct. For example, a North Carolina newspaper fired one of its features writers after she created a blog on which she wrote about the strange things of her job and coworkers without signing her real name. The second unintended use of information from social networking websites is employers who check on prospective employees. A June 11, 2006 New York Times article reported that many companies use search engines and social networking websites such as MySpace, Xanga, and Facebook to conduct background checks on college campuses. Although the use of MySpace or Google to check a student's background is somewhat unsettling to many undergraduates, the Times noted that the use of Facebook is especially shocking to students who believe that Facebook is limited to current students and recent alum . Corporate employers are not the only people interested in college students' lives. The third unintended use of social networking websites is college administrators who monitor the Internet -- especially Facebook -- for student bad behavior. For example, a college in Boston's Back Bay expelled its student Government Association President for joining a Facebook group highly critical of a campus police sergeant. In addition, fifteen students at a state university in North Carolina faced charges in court for underage drinking because of photos that appeared on Facebook. Although more users of websites such as Facebook are becoming aware of the potential dangers of online identities, many regular users still fail to take there basic security precautions . First, only make your information available to a specific list of individuals whom you approve. Second , regularly search for potentially harmful information about yourself that may have been posted by mistake or by a disgruntled former associate. Thrid, never post obviously offensive material will likely make its way to the wider world. By taking these simple steps, members of the digital world can realize the many benefits of e-community without experiencing some of the damaging unintended consequences. According to the passage, which of the following does the author imply?
|
[
"Information obtained unwillingly from the Internet is permitted in court.",
"It is impossible to protect yourself from unintended uses of information online.",
"Even if you restrict who can view your data, the government may still access it.",
"Done properly, posting offensive information about oneself brings no risk."
] | 0A
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
"Sleep-disordered breathing" is a term for a group of conditions that can interfere with nornlal breathing while people sleep.These include snoring,mouth-breathing and sleep apnea .Sleep-disordered breathing can do more than just leave people feeling tired the next day.It can also affect people's health.In children the effects can include behavioral and emotional problems. In a new study.1ed by Karen Bonuck at the Einstein College of Medicine.researchers asked parents about their children's breathing from when they were babies up to about age seven.The study finds sleep-disordered breathing is associated with a fifty percent increase in outcomes including hyperactivity ,aggressiveness and problems relating to other children. Ms.Bonuck says the more serious the breathing problems,the more serious the behavioral issues were likely to be.Other studies have:linked sleep with children's behavior,but this study was extensive enough to:reject other possible causes. How well do you sleep?A popular belief is that sleep gets worse with age.But. in another new study,those who reported the fewest problems with the quality of their sleep were people in their eighties. Researchers did a telephone survey of American aduhs.Michael Grandner at the University of Pennsylvania medical school says the original goal was to confirm that aging is connected with increased sleep problems.The survey did find an increase during middle age,worse in women than men.But except for that,people reported that their sleep quality improved as they got older.At least they felt it did. Mr.Grandner says."Even if sleep among older Americans is actually worse than in younger adults,feelings about it still improve with age." In the study,health problems and depression were linked with poor sleep.But,based on the study.Mr.Grandner says older people who are not sick or depressed should be reporting better sleep."If they're not.they need to talk to their doctor."he says.He says heahtlh care providers generally dismiss sleep complaints from older adults as a normal part of aging. The telephone survey showed that _ .
|
[
"older Americans' sleep quality improved with age",
"older Americans hatl better sleep than younger adults",
"people in their eighties had the most sleep problems",
"men had more sleep problems than women"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
It was once thought that only time could mend a broken heart, but now scientists think taking a couple of aspirin might be the best way to get over a break-up. Previous studies have shown that people experience feelings of romantic rejection in the same way that they experience physical pain. And Psychology Professor Water Michel, of Columbia University, also believes that the psychological pain of ending a relationship is similar to physical pain, and should be treated like any other injury. "When we speak about rejection experiences in terms of physical pain, it is not just a metaphor - the broken heart and emotional pain really do hurt in a physical way," he said. "When you look at a picture of the one who broke your heart, you experience a pain in a similar area of the brain which is activated when you burn your arm. " Research shows that people who are given a simple painkiller, like aspirin, are able to handle feelings of rejection better than _ given a placebo . 'Take two aspirins and call me next morning' would be a cold-hearted response to a friend's late-night report of fresh heartbreak, but it has a solid basis in the research. The aspirin is a kind of _ .
|
[
"wine",
"fruit",
"dessert",
"medicine"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Tens of thousands of smartphone applications are running ads from the overwhelming advertising networks that change smartphone settings and copy people's contact information without permission. Aggressive ad networks can disguise ads as text message notifications , and sometimes change browser settings and bookmarks. Often, the ads will upload your contacts list to the ad network's servers--- information that the ad network can then sell to marketers. Sounds scary? It's not a giant problem yet, but it's a growing one. As many as 5% of free mobile apps use an "aggressive" ad network to make money, according to Lookout, a San Francisco-based mobile security company. PhoneLiving was one of the most popular app developers to use these kinds of ad networks; their dozens of talking animal apps have been downloaded several million times. Later, PhoneLiving says it has mended its ways. The company admittedusing _ techniques to make money from its apps, but said it dropped those methods at the start of July because of bad reviews and declining downloads. The most popular type of apps that use aggressive ad networks are "Personalisation" apps, which include wallpapers. Comic and entertainment apps are also among the most likely to have rogue ad networks running behind the scenes. Like aggressive pop-ups on PCs, the bad software isn't easy to get rid of. Though the damage can typically be removed by deleting the app, it can be hard to tell which app is causing the problems. When developers create free mobile apps, they usually make money through ads displayed within the app. App makers don't usually tell people which ad network they are using, which makes it hard to avoid the known offenders. The best defense is to read reviews and avoid downloading apps that have attracted many complaints. What do we know about PhoneLiving?
|
[
"Its operation model is against the will of netizens.",
"It was forced to admit its bad behavior.",
"It has changed its business model rapidly.",
"Its relationship with Lookout may break up."
] | 1B
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
On a cool November afternoon in Fleming Island, Florida, Melissa Hawkinson, 41, was driving her five-year-old twins home from school when she saw a sudden splash in Doctors Lake just ahead. What was that? She thought. As she drove up to the scene, she saw a half-submerged car sinking about 30 yards offshore. "It was going down pretty quickly," Hawkinson recalls. She stopped the car near the boat ramp and ran toward the water. Water is going to be cold, she thought. She took off her vest and leather boots, got into the icy water, and swam to the car, where she found Cameron Dorsey, five, trapped into his car as the swirling water rose around him. Hawkinson tried to open the door, but it was locked. So she pushed and pulled hard on the partially open window until she could reach through and unlock the door. She pulled the boy free, swam to shore, and handed him off to onlookers who were only watching them on a dock. The driver, the boy's suicidal father, swam back to land on his own. Afterward, Hawkinson sat on the shore wrapped in a blanket. "For ten or 15 minutes, I couldn't stop shaking," she said. There's nothing visibly extraordinary about Melissa Hawkinson, an energetic stay-at-home mom with brown hair and a sweet smile. Yet something made her different from the dockside onlookers that day. Why do some people act quickly, willing to take a risk for a stranger? What makes them run toward danger rather than away from it? Hawkinson, the Granite Mountain Hotshots (,)---19 of whom lost their life this past summer in Arizona--- every hero who puts his or her life on the line to save another: what makes them brave? Moreover, can bravery be learned, or is it a quality with which you are born? The answer is complex. Bravery taps the mind, brain and heart. It comes from instinct, training and sympathy. Today, neurologists, psychologists and other researchers are studying bravery, trying to uncover the mystery. How does the writer find other people on the dockside?
|
[
"Warm and ready to help",
"Thoughtful",
"Kind of cold-blooded",
"Not skillful at swimming"
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In America, just as in Europe, men usually open doors for women, and women always walk ahead of men into a room or a restaurant, unless the men have to be ahead of the ladies to choose the table, to open the door of a car or do some other things like the above. On the street, men almost always walk or cross the street on the closer side of the ladies to the traffic. But if a man walks with two ladies, he should walk between them. Then if the host or hostess or both of them come in a car to get their guest for dinner, the guest should sit at the front seat and leave the back seat though there is no people sitting on it. ,. On the street, men _ .
|
[
"cross the street",
"walk near the ladies",
"walk on the right side of the ladies",
"walk on the closer side of the ladies to the traffic."
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
At Institute for the Future, game designer Jane McGonigal creates massive multi-player free online role-playing games (MMORPGs), which focus on social changes and environmental problems. She hopes that players will use their new skills to make the real world better. According to Jane, our addiction to gaming is actually a great thing, so long as we use it properly.Speaking at the TED (Technology/Entertainment/Design)2010 Conference, Jane says that people should devote more time to games to build the skills necessary to make the world better.People who take part in MMORPGs develop specialized skills in problem-solving as a team.So, if gamers are willing to take part in role-playing games based on real-world problems,they will be able to work together to find ways that can be used in the real world. Jane focuses on creating the kinds of video games that enable players to make a difference in their own lives and the lives of those around them.In 2007, she helped create a video game called A World Without Oil, in which 1, 800 players tried to find new ways to transport themselves in a world without oil.Even after completing the game, the players focused on the problem and its possible solutions.Her next game, Evoke, takes an even more practical way.Game players are mainly young people in Africa.They will learn to create a business that will help stop problems such as poverty and AIDS on a local level.By the end of the game, players will be guided by experts on how to start their own businesses. "We can make any future we imagine and we can play any games we want," she said at the TED Conference."So let the world-changing games begin." The passage is mainly about _ .
|
[
"some popular online games",
"advice on how to play games",
"games to solve real-world problems",
"ways to develop specialized skills"
] | 2C
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What requires energy for growth?
|
[
"wood",
"paper",
"rubber",
"anteater"
] | 3D
|
high_school_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Recycling of a resource, such as paper, is important because
|
[
"paper companies cannot make enough paper.",
"using recycled paper reduces the cutting of new trees.",
"most paper is made from species of trees that are endangered.",
"recycled paper is less expensive than paper made without recycling."
] | 1B
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
It is easiest for a rose to grow
|
[
"in concrete jungles",
"on tilled ground",
"in someone's stomach",
"on a brick"
] | 1B
|
high_school_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
One day, I had a bad toothache. I couldn't eat anything. So I went to see the dentist. " What's wrong with your teeth? " asked the dentist. " I have a toothache. " I told him. " Let me see your teeth ...... Um, there's a hole in one of the teeth. Do you eat a lot of sweet food? " The dentist asked me. " Yes, I do. I often eat ice cream, biscuits, chocolate and I often drink cola and milk with sugar, " I told him. " All these are bad for your teeth. You must eat less sweet food and brush your teeth at least twice every day. Now let me fill your bad tooth. " The doctor looked over the writer's teeth and found _ .
|
[
"a hole in one of her teeth",
"two holes in her teeth",
"some holes in her teeth",
"a big hole and a small hole in her teeth"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The olinguito is new to science. Although lt has been living in the cloud forests of South Amcrica for some time. Scientists say the olinguito is the first new carnivore discovered In the Americas in more than 30 years. It is a hairy orange-brown creature with a sweet face and big eyes The animal has small. rounded ears and lives in the trees An adult weighs one kilogram and measures about 75 centimeters. with half of those centimeters taken up by its ringed tail Most of the time. it likes to eat fruit, although it also eats meat. Active at night, the animal has lived in Colombia and Ecuador for a long time. But the olinguito did not exist in science books before now. Kristofer Helgen, director at the National Museum in Washington, led the research team that confirmed the existence of the olinguito. It had been mistaken more than a century ago for a look-alike animal -- a similar but larger olingo . Mr. Helgen had been studying olingos in a museum for ten years. At that time. he observed a difference in the size and shape of the heads and teeth. That led him on an effort to prove he was looking at an animal never before described by science. He got lucky when he communicated with a zoologist in Ecuador. The animal expert there made a short video that shows an olinguito in the trees. The video confirms that the oiinguito is different from the olingo Mr. Helgen says tens of thousands of olinguitos live in the wild and are not in danger of disappearing forever. Human beings, however, are moving closer to the olinguito habitat in the Andean cloud forests. The research team estimates that 42 percent of historic olinguiio habitat has been removed The onlinguito was unknown to people in the past because _
|
[
"it was mistaken for another species",
"it was active in the eveing",
"it was too small to be seen clearly",
"it covered itself by its long tail"
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Drinking a lot of water does not do any good to the body, according to two experts in the United States. In fact, they warn, drinking too much water could be, in certain cases, harmful. In a study, Dr Stanly Goldfarb and Dr Dan Negoianu, both of the Renal, Electrolyte and Hypertension Division at the University of Pensylvania, the United States, have denied the popular belief that drinking a lot of water clears body toxins better, improves skin, and helps reduce weight. Dr Goldfarb and Dr Negoianu say that they found little proof to back the public opinion that drinking 8 glasses of water every day benefits health. At the same time, they fond little proof of harm in drinking 8 glasses of water every day. It is widely believed that in some cases-such as athletes, people who live in hot, dry environments, and those with certain medical conditions-drinking a lot of water indeed helps, but no studies have been done to prove the benefits of this practice in average, healthy people, the website medheadlines.com reports. The study at the University of Pennsylvania also examined reports that some people experienced increased headaches when their consumption of water was low. In one small study, which the doctors reviewed, the group drinking the most water reported fewer headaches than the control group, "but the difference in the number of headaches was o small between the two groups as to be considered unimportant." The researchers concluded that there is no scientific proof to support that average, healthy people need to drink at least 8 glasses of water each each day. The website medheadines.com says that, according to an Indian doctor, drinking too much water is harmful. If water enters the body more quickly than it can be removed, problems can occur. Who may agree that drinking lots of water helps to lose weight?
|
[
"The two experts.",
"The Indian doctor.",
"The general public.",
"The website."
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Birds that do not receive adequate nutrition during development sing less often and for shorter periods of time as adult birds. Which best describes the outcome of nutritional stress in these songbirds?
|
[
"They are less likely to ward off predators.",
"They are less likely to obtain good nesting sites.",
"They are less likely to find adequate food supplies.",
"They are less likely to attract mates and pass on their genes."
] | 3D
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Report Card Name: James Stuart Time: January 24th, 2012 Subjects Grades Comments English B+: Your reading and writing are good. But you have a strong accent , so you are not good at speaking. And you do not put much effort into this subject. If you work hard, you can get a better grade in this subject. Physics A+:You are good at this subject. You are hard-working. I am glad that you do best in this subject Math C:You like this subject. But you are not good at this subject because you are a little bit lazy. It is disappointing. You can do better if you try your best. Music B:It is a happy thing to hear you play the piano. You are crazy about the music. Although you like this subject best, your accent has a bad influence on your singing. James's favorite subject is _ .
|
[
"English",
"physics",
"math",
"music"
] | 3D
|
high_school_statistics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Wang Yan, a 15-year-old Chinese girl, likes eating snacks very much. She prefers cream biscuits, McDonald's food, KFC chicken. As a result, she has become overweight. Today in China, there are many children like Wang Yan. Health experts say that children should have healthy eating habits. First, they must eat regular meals and begin with a healthy breakfast. Second, they should have different kinds of foods, such as fruit, vegetables, grain, eggs, milk and meat. Third, children shouldn't eat too much junk food. It's delicious, but eating it often is bad for their health. If children do as the experts say, they won't become overweight. They will be healthier. Students won't become tired at school, and they will have enough energy to study hard. What will be the result if we do as the experts say? We will be _ .
|
[
"overweight.",
"healthier.",
"tired at school",
"confident."
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Scientists have created a way to control a robot with signals from human brain.By generating the proper brainwaves--picked up by a cap with electrodes that sense the signals and reflect a person's instructions--scientists can instruct a humanoid robot to move to specific locations and pick up certain objects. The commands are limited to moving forward,picking up one of two objects and bringing it to one of two locations.The researchers have achieved 94 percent accuracy between the thought commands and the robot's movements. "This is really a proofofconcept demonstration," said Rajesh Rao,a researcher from the University of Washington who leads the project."It suggests that one day we might be able to use semiautonomous robots for such jobs as helping disabled people or performing routine tasks in a person's home." The person wearing the electrode cap watches the robot's movements on a computer screen through two cameras installed on and above the robot. When the robot's cameras see the objects that are to be picked up they pass on the information to the user's computer screen.Each object lights up randomly on the computer screen.When a person wants something picked up and it happens to light up,the brain registers surprise and sends this brain activity to the computer and then to the robot.The robot then proceeds to pick up the object. A similar algorithm is used to decide where the robot will go. "One of the important things about this demonstration is that we're using a 'noisy' brain signal to control the robot," Rao said."That means we can only obtain brain signals indirectly from sensors on the surface of the head,not where they are generated deep in the brain.As a result,the user can only generate highlevel commands such as indicating which object to pick up or which location to go to,and the robot needs to be autonomous enough to be able to execute such commands." In the future,the researchers hope to make the robots more adaptive to the environment by having them carry out more complex commands. What Rao said suggests that the new robot _ .
|
[
"is still at its early stage of development",
"will be widely used in our daily routine soon",
"is autonomous enough to complete complex commands",
"is only limited to doing routine work at home"
] | 0A
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The English language is changing fast, thanks to the rapid progress of technology. We all have a rapid choice: we can either bury our heads in the sand and spend the rest of our lives wishing Shakespeare were alive and well. Or we can embrace the new English, and enter into the spirit of the Internet age called Weblish. "You can't avoid it, for the simple reason that whenever a new variety of language comes along, it inevitably impacts on the language as a whole ." Says Dr. David Crystal, honorary professor of linguistics at the University of Wales in Bangor, whose book "Language and the Internet" has just been published. The trouble with keeping up with the new English is not so much that there are so many new words but that the old words no longer mean what we thought they did. In the past, if someone said they did not have Windows, you would have to suppose they lived in a cave. These days, it is probably because they use a Mac(which is a computer, not a rain coat). Spam is as disliked as it ever was, but whereas it once meant an unappetizing canned meat. It now stands for unwanted "junk" email. Spellings are changing, too. Not only is text-messaging playing "hvc wth vrbs" (havoc with verbs), but the conventions of email communication place little emphasis on "perfect speaking". Weblish loves to see nouns happily become verbs ("please bookmark this site"), and verbs become nouns ("Send me the download"). Verbs and prepositions are regularly thrown together to become new nouns or adjectives (dial-up, Logon, Print-on, Pull-down, upload), while others are created from simply pairing nouns: Cyberspace, Etl, emit Internet, hyperlink, metatag, netspeak. The author thinks the main difficulty for people in keeping up with Weblish is that_.
|
[
"old words take on new meanings",
"there are so many new words Ks5u",
"the technology is changing too fast",
"Weblish words are full of spelling mistakes"
] | 0A
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Traditional Japanese food is surely one of the healthiest and most delicious in the world, and _ , foods like tofu, sushi and even green tea are now familiar and can be found easily out of Japan. As a national cuisine , thanks to many social as well as political changes, Japanese food has greatly developed over the past few centuries. In ancient times, when much of the traditional cuisine was influenced by Korean and Chinese cultures, Japanese cuisine slowly changed with the start of the medieval period, which brought along with it new tastes. With the coming of the modern age, a great many changes took place and the Japanese cuisine was influenced greatly by Western culture. However, the traditional Japanese food of today is still very like what existed toward the end of the 19th century. This would mean that a large part of the Japanese cuisine includes those foods whose cooking methods and ingredients have been introduced from other cultures, but which have since then been experimented with and developed by the Japanese themselves. The thing about Japanese food is that you either will love it or will completely look down upon it. With traditional Japanese food, there is no such thing as an in-between. However, chances are that if you hate Japanese food, then you probably haven't even tasted real Japanese food or you simply haven't given yourself the chance to like it. Unlike other cuisines, Japanese food is not something that you will appreciate after having only a bite. Like wines and cigars, Japanese food needs time to be liked. In the writer's opinion, Japanese food _ .
|
[
"is not as good as people think",
"sometimes tastes really terrible",
"is worth tasting a second time",
"tastes as good as Chinese food"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What is the best measure to use in determining the effect of solar energy on Earth's atmosphere?
|
[
"the temperature of the air",
"the temperature of the ocean",
"the density of clouds in the sky",
"the amount of rainfall on a rainy day"
] | 0A
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which is scratchier?
|
[
"wood bat",
"burlap sack"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
A dead deer was found partially eaten in a forest. How could it have been caught?
|
[
"It was caught by appendages on the feet of a feline",
"A raccoon jumped on the deer's back and killed and ate it",
"It was caught by a horse's mouth",
"It was shot by a bear"
] | 0A
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A small dog should be _ after eating a handful M&M's, at least according to conventional wisdom. But watching "Moose", a friend's five-pound Chihuahua, race around a living room after his sweet snack makes one wonder: Is chocolate truly poisonous to dogs? Dogs and humans have similar tastes. But unlike humans, our companions experience dangerous effects from eating chocolate --it can poison them and in some cases is fatal. Chocolate's danger to dogs depends on its quality. Chocolate is processed from the bitter seeds of the cocoa tree, which contain a family of compounds known as methylxanthines . This class of substances includes caffeine and the related chemical theobromine . Chocolate contains a significant amount of theobromine and smaller amounts of caffeine. These chemicals can cause a dog's heart to race up to twice its normal rate, and some dogs may run around as if "they drank a gallon of espresso ," according to Hackett. Dogs are capable of handling some chocolate, but it depends on the animal's weight and the type of chocolate it eats. Unsweetened baking chocolate contains more than six times as much theobromine as milk chocolate, although amounts vary between cocoa beans as well as different brands of chocolate. Less than four ounces of milk chocolate is potentially fatal for Moose and other small dogs. Around every confection-centered holiday -- Valentine's Day, Easter and Christmas -- at least three or four dogs are hospitalized overnight in the animal medical center at Colorado State. But in 16 years, Hackett has seen just one dog die from chocolate poisoning, and he suspects it may have had an underlying disease that made it more exposed to chocolate's heart -racing effect. It can be inferred from the passage that Hackett believes that _ .
|
[
"chocolate is truly deadly to dogs",
"it's OK to give chocolate to a big dog",
"pets are usually ignored around confection-centered holidays",
"a healthy dog probably could survive a chocolate poisoning"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Jeanne Calment, a French woman, become a record breaker on 17 October 1995, when at the age of 120 years and 238 days, she became the longest-lived human being on record. A Japanese man died in 1986 at the age of 120 years and 237 days. Jeanne Calment lives in a small old people's home in the south of France, her husband, her only child and her grandson have all died. She is nearly blind and deaf and is always in a wheelchair, but her doctor describes here as being "more like a 90-year-old in good health" than someone of 120. She still has a lively sense of humor. When asked on the 120thbirthday what she expected of the future, she replied, "A very short one." She also remarked that she thought the good Lord had forgotten all about her. So what is the key to a long life? According to some doctors, diet, exercise and no smoking are the three important factors. Jeanne Calment has followed two of the tips. She has always eaten a healthy diet, and she used to do exercises every day until she broke her leg at the age of 115. However, until recently she drank two glasses of strong red wine a say, and she does smoke (now only a little). Besides, Jeanne Calment might have got very good _ from her parents. Her father lived to the age of 94 and her mother to 86. A local lawyer bought her house when she was 80 under an agreement that he would pay her some money every year until her death. It must have seemed a good move at the time, but so far the lawyer has paid her at least three times the value of the house. Every year on her birthday Jeanne Calment sends him a card saying: "Sorry, I'm still alive!" How does Jeanne Calment feel about her old age?
|
[
"She feels upset and unhappy.",
"She is cheerful and humorous.",
"She likes to live much longer.",
"She feels she is going to die very soon."
] | 1B
|
human_aging
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In the solar system, moons orbit planets. Which of these do planets orbit?
|
[
"the Sun",
"Halley's comet",
"the asteroid belt",
"a black hole"
] | 0A
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What happens to water when it boils?
|
[
"It changes color.",
"It becomes heavier.",
"It changes into water vapor.",
"It stops bubbling."
] | 2C
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Autumn means different things to different people. "It all depends on your personality," said British naturalist Richard Mabey. "Personality shapes your view of the season," he said. "You may see it as a fading-away,a packing-up ,or as a time of packing in another sense--the exciting gathering of resources before a long journey." If this is true,perhaps it tells us a little about,for instance,Thomas Hood,the 19th Century English poet. About November,he wrote: No warmth,no cheerfulness,no healthful ease No shade,no shine,no butterflies,no bees November! On the other hand,another English poet John Keats,already sensing he was seriously ill,was inspired by a late September day to pen one of the most famous poems in the English language,To Autumn. He wrote to a friend afterwards that there was something comforting and healing about it. According to Richard Mabey,Keats has the biological evidence on his side. Autumn is not a time of slowing down,but a time of new beginnings and great movements of creatures. For example,just at the moment that Keats's "gathering swallows" ( in To Autumn)are departing for Africa,millions of creatures are fleeing from the frozen north like Iceland,Greenland and Russia to winter along the east and south coasts of Britain. According to scientists,before falling,the leaves transfer their chlorophyll and carbohydrates into the woody parts of the tree for safe keeping over winter. What remains is the natural antioxidants in the leaves: the yellow and orange carotenoids ,and another protective chemical specially produced for autumn,the bright-red anthocyanin .High colour is not a signal of deterioration and decline,but of detox ability and good health. A century after Keats,the American poet Loren Eiseley wrote in his journal: "Suppose we saw ourselves burning-like maples in a golden autumn. And that we could break up like autumn leaves...dropping their substance like chlorophyll. Wouldn't our attitude towards death be different?" In autumn,leaves turn yellow before falling because _ .
|
[
"they can't bear the freezing",
"they can't get enough water from the wood part",
"chlorophyll and carbohydrates have been lost through leaves",
"chlorophyll and carbohydrates have come back to the wood part"
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Men weigh up potential partners almost instantaneously based on their appearance because their "ancient" genetic preference for attractive mates leads them to, experts claim. According to research, a woman with an attractive face is taken by men to be fertile and able to continue the family line, appealing to the man's survival instinct. In contrast women take longer to decide their feelings for a man because they need to weigh up whether he will be a committed partner who will provide for them well - part of their survival programming. They tested men and women's preference towards looks by conducting a series of tests on 20 women and 20 men, making them perform tasks while recording their brain activity. While the subjects were doing the task they were shown a series of photographs of faces of the opposite sex, ranging from attractive to ugly. Men were easily distracted when they saw a pretty face but women stuck to the task. Prof van Vugt said: "Men definitely have the most wandering eye but it is because they have evolved to pay attention to cues of fertility and one of those cues is facial beauty - it's not that men are shallow." But we found they do make snap judgments about women, much earlier than was previously thought. They make that decision on whether a woman would be a good mating partner in milliseconds. This is something very ancient and a way of helping men find the best mate to produce children. Women were not distracted by attractive male faces because women need more proof of whether a man is a good mate. "Women make that decision on behaviour, whether a man is trustworthy and committed. They make their decision much later than men." It can be inferred that_.
|
[
"to find a best mate takes a man more time",
"to find a best mate takes a woman more time",
"to find a best mate isn't important for a man",
"to find a best mate isn't important for a woman"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
It has been known that the octopus has many special skills, such as using hard shells for mobile homes and protection, disabling their suckers, plotting escapes, and even predicting World Cup soccer game outcomes. Can't we say it is a mysterious creature? While all these talents are impressive, they pale compared to its ability to "disappear" from plain sight. Researchers have long known that this is possible because of the presence of the organs under their skin, which expand or contract to produce a series of color1s, patterns and even skin textures in just milliseconds. Scientists had always believed that such a reaction was directed by a signal from the octopus's large, human-like eyes or brain. But a recent report published in the Journal of Experimental Biology by researchers from the University of California at Santa Barbara, indicate that the animal does not have to wait for a signal from its eyes or brain. It can "see" the light with its skin! UCSB doctoral student Desmond and Professor Todd said they have seen reports about octopus skin changing color1s in response to light with no signal from the eye or brain. However, there had been no follow-up to find out why this was the case and the two decided to see what they could uncover. They began by taking skin samples from a couple of California octopuses and exposing them to color1s, ranging from violent to orange and found that their skin is equipped with the same light-sensitive protein as is found in the cells in the retina of the eyes. Thanks to these proteins, the octopus can "see" the light and react without having to wait for a signal from the eyes or brain, thus enabling it to begin the escape process. Another research by University of Maryland researchers discovered that cuttlefish and squid share the same talent. Thanks to these findings researchers now know that their skin color1 can be controlled by both. What is still not clear is how the two come together to manage the whole process. The doctoral student plans to get to the bottom of the mystery. Which of the octopus's skills impresses people most according to the passage?
|
[
"Their ability to escape from the sight of their enemy.",
"Their large human-like eyes and brains",
"Their shells that can move and make predictions.",
"Their ability to use shells as their houses."
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The source of energy for the Earth's water cycle is the
|
[
"wind",
"Sun's radiation",
"Earth's radiation",
"Sun's gravity"
] | 1B
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Is it time to kick Russia out of the BRICs ?If so, it may end up sounding like a famous ball-point pen maker--BIC. An argument is being made that Goldman Sach's famous marketing device , the BRICs, should really be the BICs. "Is Russia really worth the name BRICs?" asks Anders Aslund, senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics, in an article for Foreign Policy. Aslund, who is also co-author with Andrew Kuchins of "The Russian Balance Sheet", thinks the Russia of Putin and Medvedev is just not worthy of inclusion alongside Brazil, India and China in the list of future economic powerhouses. He writes: "The country's economic performance has fallen to such a weak level that one must ask whether it has any say at all on the global economy, compared with the other members of its group. I have just returned from Moscow, which is always dull around this season. For the last seven years, Russia has taken very few measures to improve its economy. Instead, the state has been living on oil and gas." Economically, Aslund has the numbers on his side. The International Monetary Fund figures that the Russian economy will fall by 6.7 percent in 2009, while China will grow 8.5 percent and India 5.4 percent. There is less of a case for Brazil, with a fall of 0.7 percent, but it is still doing far better than Russia. But the BRICs are not just about economy. As is mentioned above, it is a marketing device to encourage investors to focus on the big promising players. From an investment standpoint, it could be argued that Russia is leading the BRICs. Its stock market is up 128 percent this year while around 80 percent is for the other three. At very least, despite Russia's economic underperformance, its stock market outperformance does suggest it is indeed one of the group. The author seems to _ .
|
[
"suggest it's time to kick Russia out of the BRICs",
"feel worried about the economy of the BRICs",
"think Russia is worth being one of the group",
"show disappointment to Russia's economy"
] | 2C
|
high_school_macroeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which situation would most likely cause an object to travel in a circular motion?
|
[
"one force acting on the object in the opposite direction of the motion",
"two forces acting on the object in the same direction as the motion",
"one force acting on the object perpendicular to the direction of the motion",
"two forces acting on the object in different directions to the motion"
] | 2C
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Lillan Hanson, a college junior, expects to graduate in about two years. Mrs Hanson, a rather unusual student, plans to go on to take more courses after she gets her degree. What makes Mrs Hanson different from most of her classmates? What sets Lillian Hanson apart from the college crowd is her age-73 years. She has been going to college, a few courses at a time, for 27 years. When Mrs Hanson graduated from high school, she went to her local bank and asked for a loan for college tuition and fees. The banker gave her no encouragement. He didn't think that country girl should be borrowing money to go to college. He thought she should be home doing work in the house or around the farm. So Mrs Hanson went home and raised a family of nine children instead of going to college. She still lives with her husband on the farm that has been in the family for five generations. Mrs Hanson never forgot her dream of getting a higher education. When her children were grown, she tried again. She finds the hardest part of going back to school at her age is to be sitting in class for long periods of time, because she is not as agile as she used to be. Mrs Hanson often gets up and walks around between classes to keep her joints from getting stiff. At the beginning of a course in using the computer, the other students all gave Mrs Hanson a warm round of applause when she introduced herself and explained why she was there and what her goals were. Mrs Hanson has gone through college_.
|
[
"rapidly and well",
"slowly but surely",
"without any help at all",
"as a form of entertainment"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How long is a soccer field?
|
[
"390 inches",
"390 yards",
"390 miles",
"390 feet"
] | 3D
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Using only these supplies, which question can Regan investigate with an experiment?
|
[
"Does a rubber ball travel farther when launched from a metal catapult or from a wooden catapult?",
"Does a catapult with a longer arm launch a rubber ball farther than a catapult with a shorter arm?",
"Does a heavier ball travel farther than a lighter ball when launched from a catapult?"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Based on this information, what is this plant's phenotype for the flower color trait?
|
[
"light yellow flowers",
"dark yellow flowers"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Is your schoolbag too heavy to carry? The e-schoolbag will help you. In fact, the e-schoolbag should perhaps be called an e-textbook. It is a small computer for students. Heavy schoolbags have been a serious problem for them for a long time. But the e-schoolbag will change everything. It is much lighter than a usual schoolbag. Also, it is as small as a usual textbook, an exercise book and so on. They can be made into _ that are as small as a stamp. The students can read the text page by page on the "screen", take notes, or even send e-mails to their teachers. All they have to do is to put the right chip into the e-schoolbag and press the button. It is said that e-schoolbags have been put into use in some Chinese middle schools. In 2012, some students in Shanghai started to use e-schoolbags in the new term. Some say that e-textbooks can be easily broken. Some say it is not good to students' eyes. But only time will tell us all. What's the best title of this passage?
|
[
"To Put the Right Chips In.",
"The Big Problems.",
"A New Kind of Schoolbag.",
"How to Use the E-schoolbag?"
] | 2C
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
I live in a big Scandinavian city that unluckily has a lot of homeless people. But there are many ways of helping them even though you may not have a lot of money. One way is to buy their monthly magazines. By doing this one day, I got to know a young homeless man who was often standing at the train station, selling the magazine. He was from another country and I can only imagine what kind of psychological scars he must have had from living in a war-torn country. After a while, I found that his birthday was close to mine which meant that we were born under the same sign of the Zodiac . I met him last year shortly after his birthday, and without thinking, after congratulating him, I asked if he had had a good day. He said he hadn't really celebrated. I just couldn't bear the thought of this nice, young man being alone on his 25th birthday with no presents, no cakes and no songs! So I went home and looked in my yarn basket and as luck would have it, I had two yarn cores of pure wool left. I set to work and knitted a scarf for the young man. I ran into him on my own birthday the next year as I was going shopping. I had hoped to meet him so I had carried the scarf around with me and a piece of my own birthday cake. He was very happy with these gifts and so was I. The light in his eyes and the heartfelt hug he gave me was the best present he could have given me! It can be inferred that _ .
|
[
"the writer was very warm-hearted and she liked helping others",
"the writer regretted not celebrating her birthday with the young man last year",
"the young homeless man enjoyed himself on his birthday party last year",
"the young homeless man was begging at the train station"
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Albert Szent-Gyorgyi was born in Budapest on September 16, 1893. In 1911 he entered his uncle's laboratory where he studied until the outbreak of World War One, when he joined the army. He served on the Italian and Russian fronts, and he was permitted to leave the army in 1917 after being wounded in action. He completed his studies in Budapest before he went to Hamburg for a two-year course in physical chemistry. In 1920 he became an assistant at a university in Leiden, the Netherlands and from 1922 to 1926 he worked with H. J. Hamburger at the Physiology Institute, Groningen, the Netherlands. In 1926, Szent-Gyorgyi was ready to end his own life after an embarrassing problem in his career. The scientist, thirty-two, had written a paper and handed it to his boss for approval to publish. His boss threw it in the dustbin. Concluding his life was a failure, the young researcher quit. Unable to support his wife and child, he sent them home to her parents. His final wish was to attend one last scientific meeting, to be among scientists, to have one last good time. So he went to the 1926 International Physiological Society Congress in Sweden. Sitting in the audience, lost in self-pity, Szent-Gyorgyi listened to the president of the society, Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins, refer to the fine work of a researcher: Szent-Gyorgyi! After the speech, collecting his courage, he introduced himself to Hopkins. The great man invited the young scientist to Cambridge to do further work. Szent-Gyorgyi's life changed. He discovered the oxidation-preventing action of vitamin C. He won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1937. He accounted for his success by saying that discovery is seeing what everyone else has seen but thinking what nobody else has thought. Why did Szent-Gyorgyi want to end his own life in 1926?
|
[
"His pride was hurt by his boss.",
"He was not satisfied with his paper.",
"He couldn't support his family.",
"His boss stopped him attending a conference."
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In one of the steps of the carbon cycle, a person exhales a molecule of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. Which of the following is most likely to happen next to the atom of carbon in this molecule?
|
[
"It may be used as part of a sugar in a plant.",
"It may become part of a protein in an animal.",
"It may be consumed as a fossil fuel is burned.",
"It may be decomposed into carbon and oxygen by a bacterium."
] | 0A
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Hereditary information is transmitted from parents to offspring through
|
[
"cell division.",
"genes.",
"germination.",
"metamorphosis."
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
We all enjoy the colors of autumn leaves. Did you ever wonder how and why a fall leaf changes color? Where do the yellows and oranges come from? To answer those questions, we first have to understand what leaves are and what they do. Leaves are nature's food factories. Plants take water from the ground through their roots. They take a gas called carbon dioxide from the air. Plants use sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into glucose, which is a kind of sugar. Plants use glucose as food for energy and as a building block for growing. The way plants turn water and carbon dioxide into sugar is called photosynthesis, which means " putting together with light. " A chemical called chlorophyll helps make photosynthesis happen. Chlorophyll is what gives plants their green color. As summer ends and autumn comes, the days get shorter and shorter. This is how the trees "know" to begin getting ready for winter. During winter, there is not enough light or water for photosynthesis. The trees will rest, and live off the food they stored during summer. They begin to shut down their food-making factories. The green chlorophyll disappears from the leaves. As the bright green fades away, we begin to see yellow and orange colors. Small a-mounts of these colors have been in the leaves all along. Covered up by the green chlorophyll, we just can't see them in summer. The bright reds and purples we see in leaves are made mostly in the fall. In some trees, like maples, glucose is trapped in the leaves after photosynthesis stops. Sunlight and the cool nights of autumn cause the leaves turn this glucose into a red color. The brown color of trees like oaks is made from wastes left in the leaves. It is the combination of all these things that make the beautiful colors we enjoy in the fall. Photosynthesis is a way that _ .
|
[
"plants change water and carbon dioxide into sugar",
"plants turn water and carbon dioxide into sugar with the help of sunlight",
"plants use glucose as food for energy and growing",
"chlorophyll is a great help"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which process causes the leaves of a plant to become larger?
|
[
"repair",
"growth",
"decomposition",
"germination"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Travel is exciting and summer is a busy period for holiday travel. Many people will travel great distances in airplanes, cars or other vehicles. Experts say people should know about other health problems that can strike when traveling by air. One of these is a condition called hypoxia . It results from a lack of oxygen to the brain. Experts say the body begins losing oxygen minutes after an airplane leaves the ground. The air pressure in a plane during flight is lower than at sea level. This makes it more difficult for the body to effectively use the same amount of oxygen as it would on the ground. Fewer oxygen molecules cross the tissues in the lungs and reach the bloodstream. The result is a five to twenty percent drop in the amount of oxygen in the blood. This reduces the amount of oxygen that reaches the organs of the body. One effect of this lack of oxygen to the brain is a headache. When this happens, the heart attempts to _ by beating harder and faster. This can make the traveler feel tired. These signs of hypoxia are not dangerous in a healthy person. But a drop in oxygen level can cause a health emergency in people with heart or lung problems. They might lose consciousness or even suffer a heart attack. Experts say that smoking cigarettes and drinking alcoholic liquids also reduce the body's ability to use oxygen. So they suggest that people not drink alcohol or smoke cigarettes either before or during a flight. They also say persons with heart or lung problems should seek advice from their doctors before flying. According to the passage, what leads to hypoxia?
|
[
"The brain lacks enough oxygen.",
"The air pressure in a plane is too high",
"Our body needs less oxygen during takeoff.",
"The bloodstream contains no oxygen molecules."
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
As a teenager, Simon Weston wasn't particularly good at his studies, but he was a good football player. He could also be naughty sometimes so his mother decided Simon should join the army when he was sixteen to teach him some discipline . She was right; Simon really enjoyed army life and became a well-respected member. However, Simon's life was changed forever in 1982. Argentina invaded the Falkland Islands, which belong to Britain, and Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher declared war . Simon was on board a ship taking troops to the Falklands when it was attacked and set on fire. In an act of great heroism, Simon tried to save one of his friends from being burnt alive. Sadly, he failed and was seriously burnt himself. At the age of 21, Simon's life seemed over. Simon had 70 operations to rebuild his face and body. He was so badly burnt that his mother walked past him in the hospital without recognizing her son. Simon struggled to call out, "Mum, it's me, Simon." Hearing his voice, his mother broke down in tears. Many thought Simon would die, but to everyone's astonishment, he survived. Although he experienced terrible pain, Simon never gave up hope. After months of treatment, Simon slowly started to recover and, although he would be terribly scarred for the rest of his life, he was able to leave hospital. This was when _ . The physical pain slowly disappeared; however, the emotional pain became worse. Simon started to gout but was wounded by the stares of people who looked at him like he was some kind of freak . He felt like saying, "I wasn't born like this you know. I was injured defending my country." It took great courage for Simon to continue to go out. Eventually, Simon became involved in charity work and met his wife Lucy with whom he has three children. Life has never been the same for Simon but his Bravery is an example to us all. Simon's mother wanted him to join the army because _ .
|
[
"he liked the life in the army",
"she wanted him to be fit",
"he was very good at playing sports",
"she felt it would change his behavior."
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Health experts are calling for action to expand cancer care and control in the developing world. A medical research paper says cancer was once thought of as a problem mostly in the developed world. But now cancer is a leading cause of death and disability in poor countries as well. Experts from Harvard University and other organizations urge the international community to fight cancer aggressively, saying it should be fought in the way HIV/AIDS has been fought in Africa. Cancer kills more than 7.5 million people a year worldwide. Almost two-thirds are in low-income and middle-income countries. They discover cancer dills more people in developing countries than AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria combined. But the world spends only 5% of its cancer resources in those countries. Felicia Knaul from Harvard Medical School was one of the authors of the paper. She was in Mexico when she was found to have breast cancer. She received treatment there and her experience showed her the sharp difference between the rich and the poor in treating breast cancer. Felicia Knaul says, "And we are seeing how this is attacking young women. It's the number two cause of death in Mexico for women thirty to fifty-four. All over the developing world, it's the number one cancer-related death among young women. I think we have to again say that there is much more we could do about it than we are doing about it." Professor Knalul met community health workers during her work in developing countries. They were an important part of efforts to reduce deaths from the cancer. They were able to persuade people to get tested to prevent the illness. The experts say cancer care does not have to be costly. For example, patients can be treated with lower-cost drugs. What would be the best title for the passage?
|
[
"Cancer - a leading cause of death in poor countries",
"What should we do in preventing and treating cancer?",
"What makes the first killer in developing countries?",
"Experts urge more efforts to fight cancer in poor countries."
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What requires nutrients to grow?
|
[
"birds",
"metals",
"computers",
"dirt"
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Growing mushrooms is probably the easiest thing you can do even if you are new to mushroom growing. It is becoming more common because restaurants are starting to create more dishes that include mushrooms. Mushroom growing is easy. To start, you need to have a space where you are going to grow these mushrooms. It does not have to be a huge space but just enough for you to grow as many mushrooms as you need. When you have found the space perfect for you, you can start researching what kind of mushrooms you want to grow. There are a lot of mushrooms to choose from and not all of them are suitable to eat. When you decide what kind of mushrooms you want to grow, you can start getting ready to plant the mushrooms. Sometimes you may want to hire some workers to help if you have a large mushroom farm, or if you are trying to start a professional mushroom growing business. Trying to have a business by yourself can be stressful. If you don't have enough time to spend taking care of everything yourself, dome helpers may be the best choice. After you have started the mushroom growing, you should regularly check that your mushrooms grow properly and that they are not being attacked by any pesticides or any other animals or something that could be dangerous to them. That is the worst part of mushroom developing. Protect your mushroom farm well with a fence or a gate so that only you and your workers can get in and out. Mushroom growing is not difficult and it is easy to get stared in the world of farming. You will soon possibly be able to provide some of the great cooks of the world with high quality mushrooms that will be enjoyed by thousands of people all over the world. It can be inferred from the passage that _ .
|
[
"pesticides can be used in mushroom growing",
"anyone can produce high quality mushrooms.",
"after starting, you should always take care of the mushrooms",
"having a mushroom business is not so difficult"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
On Monday, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention predicted that 42% of Americans could be overweight by 2030.Our expanding waistlines lead to not only a medical problem, but according to a recent article in The New York Times, it could also endanger personal safety in some situations-in an airplane crash, for example. The New York Times' Christine Negroni reports that engineers and scientists are questioning whether airplane seats are adequately constructed to protect overweight travelers. Government standards for airplane seat strength -first set more than 60 years ago---require that the seats be made for a passenger weighing 170 pounds(77kg).Today, the average American man weighs nearly 194 pounds(88kg) and the average woman 165 pounds(75kg).Negroni reports: "If a heavier person completely fills a seat ,the seat is not likely to behave as intended during a crash,"Robert Salzar,the leading scientist at the Center for Applied Biomechanics at the University of Virginia. "The energy absorption(,) that is built into the aircraft seat is likely to be overpowered and the passengers will not be protected properly". "Nor would the injury be limited to that passenger only," Dr. Salzar said. "If a seat or a seat belt fails,"he said, "those people who are seated nearby could be endangered from the uncontrolled movements of the passenger." Most complaints about airplane seats focus on their lack of comfort and high ticket price, and whether overweight passengers should be made to buy two seats. But The New York Times' article bring up another reason to feel anxious about flying. Investigators of the issue got in touch with the airplane seat and seat belt makers, but they refused to comment on the problem.Experts agreed that crash testing should be done with overweight dummies .Both airplane seats and seat belts should be tested, _ said. Fortunately, however, according to Nora Marshall, a senior adviser at the National Transportation Safety Board, the board's investigators have never seen an accident involving a commercial plane in which the weight of a passenger was a problem. what is the best best title for the text?
|
[
"Why do passengers Feel Anxious about Flying?",
"Will 42% of Americans Be Overweight by 2030?",
"When Will the Overweight Enjoy Their Flight?",
"Are Airplane Seats Safe Enough for the Overweight?"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which conclusion can be made about earthworms because they do not have an internal skeleton?
|
[
"They are invertebrates.",
"They have radial symmetry.",
"They are made of one segment.",
"They have an open circulatory system."
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Young robins build the same kinds of nests their parents build even if the young birds have never seen their parents build a nest. This is an example of
|
[
"a learned behavior.",
"an inherited behavior.",
"a physical characteristic.",
"acquired characteristic."
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which animal eats only plants?
|
[
"Cat",
"Dog",
"Lion",
"Rabbit"
] | 3D
|
high_school_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
To survive living things
|
[
"need money",
"need Pu",
"need H2O",
"need hunting skills"
] | 2C
|
high_school_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What is the volume of a car's gas tank?
|
[
"42 milliliters",
"42 liters"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Complete the sentence.
An igneous rock becoming a metamorphic rock is a ().
|
[
"physical change",
"chemical change"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Passage 4 How dangerous it would be if there was a fire! Today is in winter. It's time for us to learn a lot more about fire, especially what to do if we are caught in a fire: 1. Shout out If you smell smoke or see fire, shout out "Fire!" Shout as loudly as you can, because people may be asleep. 2. Call 119 Never try to put the fire yourself, even if it is a very small one! Get help from your parents or call 119. 3. Keep down close to the floor If there is a lot of smoke in your room, keep down close to the floor. 4. Test the door Test the door before you open it. If the door is cool, open it carefully. If the door is hot, do not open it! Try to find a different way out. 5. Get out If you can, get out of your home as soon as possible. 6. Don't use the lift Never use the lift during the fire. It may also go wrong. 7. Don't go back Never go back into a burning building! If you realize you have left an expensive thing at home in a fire, you should _ .
|
[
"not go back for it",
"keep down close to the door",
"not get out",
"get it back"
] | 0A
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A 13-year-old American has made a cheap machine that can help blind people read. The blind can read by using _ - a system of small bumps that the blind touch to read the letters. The machine that makes these small bumps usually costs at least $2,000. It is called Braille writer. The American schoolboy, Shubham Banerjee, made a new Braille writer from a Lego tool that lets people create robots. Banerjee has called his new machine the Braigo - a combination of the words Braille and Lego. It costs just $ 350. It works by changing electronic text into Braille and then printing it using a computer or mobile machine. Banerjee designed his Braigo last year for a school science exhibition. Since then, he has caught the interest of Silicon Valley in the USA. The big technology company Intel spent money on Banerjee's machine last November, but they did not say how much money they put in. Banerjee also got $35, 000 from his father to help him start the project. His father works as a computer engineer at Intel. He spoke about why he gave so much money to his son, saying:"We as parents started to be interested more, thinking that he's on to something and this invention has to continue." Banerjee told the AP News: "My dream would probably be having most of the blind people...using my Braigo." What does the Braigo change into Braille?
|
[
"Photocopies.",
"Voices.",
"Electronic text.",
"Computer languages."
] | 2C
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In the old days, children were familiar with birth and death as part of life. Now this is perhaps the first generation of American youngsters who have never been close by during of the birth a baby and have never experienced the death of a family member. Nowadays when people grow old, we often send them to nursing homes. When they get sick, we send them to a hospital, where children are forbidden to visit terminally in patients-- even when those patients are their parents. This deprives the dying patient of family members during the last few days of his life and it deprives the children of an experience of death, which is an important learning experience. Some of my colleagues and I once interviewed and followed about 500 terminally in order to find out what they could teach us and how we could be of more benefit, not just to them but to the members of their families as well. We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious illness were quite aware of its potential outcome. It is important for family members, and doctors and nurses to understand these patients' communication in order to truly understand their needs, fears and fantasies . Most of our patients welcomed another human being with whom they could talk openly, honestly, and frankly about their trouble. Many of them shared with us their great need to be informed, to be kept up - to - date on their medical condition and to be told when the end was near. We found out that patients who had been dealt with openly and frankly were better able to cope with the coming of detach and finally to reach a true stage of acceptance before death. The elders of today's Americans _ .
|
[
"are often absent when a family member is born or dying",
"are unfamiliar with birth and death",
"usually see the birth or death of a family member",
"have often experienced the fear of death as part of life"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Hello! I'm Jim Green. I'm English. This is my mother. Her first name is Mary. This is my father.His name is Steve. My telephone number is eight five six o nine one seven six. My friend is Li Lei. His English name is Tony. He is a Chinese boy. His telephone number is 82815248. My English teacher is Jenny Brown. She is a good teacher. My telephone number is _ .
|
[
"85609176",
"86829516",
"85690176",
"87069684"
] | 0A
|
elementary_mathematics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
International travel is no longer the only right of the rich. Over the next several decades, hundreds of millions of millions of new entrants to the middle class will want not only the things but also the experiences --that money can buy. Indian call-center employers, Russian engineers, Chinese middle managers, and Brazilian salespeople are already searching the web for information on trips. They want to see Paris from the Eiffel Tower, relax in the Maldives, and play blackjack in Las Vegas. According to the United NATIONS World Tourism Organization, international tourist visits are expected to double soon, from roughly 800 million in 2008 to 1.6 billion by 2020. However, only so many people can visit a particular building or beach in a given year. Where will all the other tourists go? This skyrocketing demand for travel will lead to a " _ of place" and to three market problems. First, most tourism-related prices, such as hotel room rates in popular cities, wil continue to rise as demand becomes larger than supply. Second, people's waiting to visit certain places will become commoplace. Finally, surprising prices and decade-long waiting lists will cause the creation and expansion of tourist attractions in both developed and developing countries. It can be inferred that in the future _ .
|
[
"people will develop more tourist attractions",
"more people will travel by rocket",
"the number of the tourists will reduce",
"hotel room rates will rise everywhere"
] | 0A
|
high_school_microeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Compare the motion of three motorboats. Which motorboat was moving at the lowest speed?
|
[
"a motorboat that moved 185miles west in 10hours",
"a motorboat that moved 150miles north in 10hours",
"a motorboat that moved 250miles west in 10hours"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
In the Caucasus region , nearly 50 out of every 100,000 people live to celebrate their 100thbirthday, and many don't stop at 100! By comparison, in America only 3 people in 100,000 reach 100. But these Caucasus people aren't alone. The Pakistani Hunzas, who live high in the Himalaya Mountains, and the Vilcabambans of the Andes Mountains in Ecuador seem to share the secret of long life too. These peoples remain healthy in body and spirit despite the passage of time. While many older persons in industrial societies become weak and ill in their 60s and 70s, some Caucasus people aged 110-140, work in the fields beside their great-great-grandchildren. Even the idea of aging is foreign to them. When asked, "At what age does youth end?" most of these old people had no answer. Several replied, "Well, perhaps at age 80." The very youngest estimate was age 60. What accounts for this ability to survive (live) to such old age, and to survive so well? First of all, hard physical work is a way of life for all of these long-lived peoples. They began their long days of physical labor as children and never seem to stop. For example, Mr. Rustam is 142 years of age. He remembers his life experience: the Crimean War of 1854; the Turkish War of 1878; the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917. His wife is 116 years old. They have been married for 90 years. Mr. Rustam has no plan of retiring from his life as a farmer. "Why? What else would I do?" he asks. Oh, he's slowed down a bit. Now he might quit (stop working) for the day after 6 hours in the field instead of 10. All these people get healthful rewards from the environment in which they work. They all come from mountainous regions. They live and work at elevations of 5,000 to 12, 000 feet(1,660 to 4,000meters) above sea level. The air has less oxygen and is pollution-free. This reduced oxygen environment makes the heart and blood vessel system stronger. Another factor that may lead to the good health of these people is their isolation. To a great extent, they are separated from the pressure and worries of industrial society. Inherited factors also play some role. Most of the longest-lived peoples had parents and grandparents who also reached very old age. Good family genes may, therefore, be one factor in living longer. Finally, although these three groups don't eat exactly the same foods, their diets are similar. All of them eat little animal meat. Their diets are full of fresh fruits, vegetables, nuts, grains, cheese and milk. They never eat more food than their bodies need. It is clear that isolation from urban pressure and pollution, clean mountain air, daily hard work, moderate diets, good genes, and a youthful approach to life all lead to the health and remarkable long life of all these people. The idea of aging is foreign to them means that _ .
|
[
"they don't care much about their age",
"they have no idea of how old they are",
"they won't say anything about their age until they are asked to",
"the idea of getting old has never come into their mind"
] | 3D
|
human_aging
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Green invaders are taking over America. Not invaders from space, but plants! You might not think of plants as dangerous, but in this case they are threatening nature's delicate food chain. The invaders are plants brought here from other countries to make gardens and yards look pretty. Ever since people started to arrive on America's shores, they have carried along trees, flowers, and vegetables from other places. Now there are so many of those plants, they are crowding out the native plants that have lived here since before human settlers arrived. And that's a problem, says Dr. Doug Tallamy. He's insect expert at the University of Delaware. He explains that almost all the plant-eating insects in the United States are specialized, which means they eat only certain plants. Monarch butterfly caterpillars ,for example, dine on milkweed. If people cut down milkweed and replace it with another plant, the butterflies will not have the food source that they need to survive. But the trouble doesn't stop there. When insects can't get the right plants to eat and they die off, then the birds don't have enough bugs for their meals. Tallamy points out that almost all migrating birds depend on insets to feed their young. "We cannot let the plants and animals around us disappear." says Tallamy, "The way to preserve them is to give them food to eat. But when we plant non-native plants, we are _ the food chain, because then we don't have the insects the birds need to live." Fewer of the right plants mean fewer bugs, and fewer bugs mean fewer birds. And that's bad for the Earth, because we need a variety of living things to keep the planet healthy and beautiful. The good news is, garden centers sell native plants. "Just Google 'native plants' and your location, and you can find out which plants really belong where you live," says Tallamy According to Dr.Tallamy, which of the followings about the insects in the US is NOT true?
|
[
"Almost all the plant-eating insects in a place eat certain plants.",
"Monarch butterfly caterpillars can't survive without milkweed.",
"If insects can't eat the right plants, they will find another one.",
"The insects' death will greatly affect the migrating birds' survival"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Fish and chips, and Chinese take-away food are very popular in England. But they are _ in the USA. In the USA, they eat take-away food, too, like chicken. But the most popular kind of take-away food is the hamburger. It looks like bread with meat in it. Ham is a kind of pork---- but the hamburger does not have any pork in it. It has beef in it. The beef is inside a kind of cake. Hamburgers are delicious. They are very popular in the USA. They are also popular in England and Australia. Hamburger is a kind of _ .
|
[
"drink",
"food",
"meat",
"pork"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Where is the biological magnification of pollutants most likely to be the greatest?
|
[
"in an estuary",
"in an open ocean",
"at an intertidal zone",
"at a hydrothermal vent"
] | 0A
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
A recent survey of 2000 parents in Britain showed that they are often afraid of science questions asked by their curious children only because they have no idea what the answer is. Here is a list of some simple questions that you can ask your parents to see if they know the answers. Q: Why is the sky blue? A: You probably know white sunlight is made up of seven colors. While it moves in a straight line when going through space, it starts to divide as it hits "raised area" in the atmosphere. The ones with longest wavelengths pass through easily. The blue , however , can be taken in by the gas molecules because it has a shorter wavelength , which in turn scatters it in different directions. That's why when you look up at the sky, it appears to be blue. Q:Why does the moon sometimes appear during the daytime? A: The simple answer to that is because just like any other object it is being lit by the sun. As long as it is around 45 degrees or even 90 degrees off the sun, it will receive light and be able to be seen. The only time it is not able to be seen during its 28-day orbit around the earth is when it is right between the earth and the sun. That's because its back , which is not lit by the sun, is facing us. Q: Where do birds/ honeybees go in winter? A: While the bird part is quite easy, since a lot of them get together and travel, the honeybee part is likely to puzzle your parents. It turns out that these busy insects stop being that active when the temperature drops below 50degF. Instead ,they get together in the lower central area of the hive and form a ball around their queen. This helps keep both warm enough to survive the cold winter months. The sky looks blue mainly because the color blue in the sunlight _ .
|
[
"has the longest wavelength among all the colors",
"cannot be taken in by the gas molecules",
"doesn't hit \"raised area\" in the atmosphere",
"cannot pass through space successfully"
] | 3D
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Sharks have lived in the oceans for over 450 million years, long before dinosaurs appeared. There are now about 360 species of sharks, whose size, behavior, and other characteristics differ widely. Every year, we catch and kill over 100 million sharks, mostly for food and for their fins. Dried shark fins are used to make shark fin soup, which sells for as much as $50 a bowl in fine Hong Kong restaurants. Other sharks are killed for sport and out of fear. Sharks are vulnerable to overfishing because it takes most species 10 to 15 years to begin reproducing and they produce only a few offspring . Influenced by movies and popular novels, most people see sharks as people-eating monsters. This is far from the truth. Every year, a few types of shark injure about 100 people worldwide and kill about 25. Most attacks are by great white sharks, which often feed on sea lions and other marine mammals. They sometimes mistake human swimmers for their normal prey, especially if they are wearing black wet suits. If you are a typical ocean-goer, your chances of being killed by an unprovoked attack by a shark are about 1 in 100 million. You are more likely to be killed by a pig than a shark and thousands of times more likely to get killed when you drive a car. Sharks help save human lives. In addition to providing people with food, they are helping us learn how to fight cancer, bacteria, and viruses. Sharks are very healthy and have aging processes similar to ours. Their highly effective immune system allows wounds to heal quickly without becoming infected, and their blood is being studied in connection with AIDS research. Sharks are among the few animals in the world that almost never get cancer and eye cataracts . Understanding why can help us improve human health. Chemicals taken from shark cartilage have killed cancerous tumors in laboratory animals, research that someday could help _ your life. Sharks are needed in the world's ocean ecosystems. Although they don't need us, we need them. We are much more dangerous to sharks than they are to us. For every shark that bites a person, we kill one million sharks. Which of the following is NOT a reason why people kill sharks?
|
[
"People kill sharks for food.",
"People kill sharks for sport.",
"People kill sharks out of fear.",
"People kill sharks because they often attack swimmers."
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Since last year, Where Are We Going, Dad? has become the most popular TV shows.On the show, the five fathers and their children traveled around China riding camels through the western deserts , fishing on the east coast, and selling vegetables for their bus fare in southwestern Yunnan province. One dad doesn't know how to do his daughter's hair, so some people try to help him.Another one must survive with his son for three days in the desert because the father can't cook,they only eat instant noodles . Why is Where Are We Going, Dad? so popular? Because it is about how Chinese parents look after their kids. The show makes modern parents think about what they should do with their kids.In traditional Chinese culture,the father is strict and the mother is kind.But on the show, we see fathers who are much gentle on their kids and more involved in their upbringing ."said Li Minyi, a professor of early childhood education . In the past, children were taught by their parents' wishes and look after _ in their old age.But today Chinese parents realize that respecting their children's choices may be a better way to prepare them for modem society.As they raise their children,parents are growing up at the same time. One father and his son only eat instant noodles because _ .
|
[
"there aren't any vegetables in the desert.",
"the father can't cook.",
"they think instant noodles are the most delicious.",
"they have no money to buy something to eat."
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What do these two changes have in common?
cracking open a peanut
butter melting on a hot day
|
[
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are only physical changes."
] | 3D
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Nowadays, computer games are becoming more and more popular in many cities and towns. A lot of small shops along busy streets have been made into small game houses in order to get more money. These places are always crowded with people, especially young boys. In the computer game houses, people spend a lot of money competing with the machines. It's hard for one to win the computer, but one can make progress after trying again and again. People have a kind of gambling psychology when they play computer games. The more they lose, the more they want to win. When class is over, the school boys run to the nearby computer game houses. Little by little , they forget all about their lessons and fall far behind others. Some of them can get enough money from their parents. But some of them are not lucky enough to get the money. They begin to take away other students' money and become thieves. What do we need to play games in the game houses?.
|
[
"Tickets.",
"Paper.",
"Cards.",
"Money."
] | 3D
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Good health is the most valuable thing a person can have, but one cannot take good health for granted. It is important to remember that the body needs proper care in order to be healthy. There are three things that a person can do to help stay in good shape: eat right food ,get enough sleep, and exercise regularly. Proper nutrition is important for good health. Your body cannot work well unless it receives the proper kind of "fuel" .Don't eat too much food with lots of sugar and fat. Eat plenty of foods high in protein ,like meat, fish, eggs and nuts. Vegetables and fruits are very important because they provide necessary vitamins and minerals. However, don't overeat. It is not helpful to be overweight. Getting the proper amount of sleep is also important. If you don't get enough sleep, you feel tired and easily get angry. You have no energy. Over a long period of time a little a amount of sleep may even result in a change of personality .Be sure to allow yourself from seven to nine hours of sleep each night. If you do, your body will feel strong and refreshed, and your mind will be sharp. Finally, get plenty of exercise. Exercise firms the body, strengthens the muscles, and prevents you from gaining weight. It also improves your heart and lungs. If you follow a regular exercise program, you will probably increase your life-span .Any kind of exercise is good. Most sports are excellent for keeping the body in good shapes: basketball, swimming, bicycling, running and so on are good examples. Sports are not only good for your body, but they are enjoyable and interesting, too. If everybody, were to eat the right foods, get plenty of sleep and exercise regularly, the world would be a happier and healthier place. We would all live to be much older and wiser. The title of the article should be _ .
|
[
"Eating and Exercising",
"How Vitamins Work in Man's Body",
"Staying Healthy",
"Sleeping Well"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Famous centenarians still active in arts, science are in no mood to retire."Those who stand still, die," is one of Oliveira's favorite phrases.He knows from experience what it means, as the Portuguese film director has reached the age of 102 and is still active in his profession.Every year, Oliveira shoots a film and is currently working on his next project."You have to work, work, work in order to forget that death is not far away," he said.When asked about his age, Oliveira said with some humility: "It's down to mother nature.It gave to me what it took from others." Being both mentally and physically fit in old age is partly a matter of luck, but it also has something to do with character.Not every white-haired person is wise and social skills, openness and the ability to train the brain are essential for senior citizens. Along with the architect Oscar Niemeyer (103), Nobel laureate Montalcini (101) and director Kurt Maetzig (100), Oliveira is one of those people of whom it would be very wrong to think as members of a listless elderly generation. Another master in his profession is the architect Oscar Niemeyer.The 103-year-old Brazilian is best known for his futuristic-looking buildings in Brasilia, but he also speaks out on behalf of the poor."The role of the architect is to struggle for a better world where we can develop a form of architecture that serves everyone and not just a privileged few," said Niemeyer recently.He spends almost every day working in his office in Copacabana, and even when he falls ill he keeps working on ideas: After a gallbladder operation he composed a samba tune in the clinic. Another man who could sing a song about age is 107-year-old Heesters.The Dutch-born opera singer spent most of his life performing in Germany, where he still works.Recently Heesters said: "I want to be at least 108-years-old." He also plans to keep performing." _ " Heesters has not given up trying to add to his tally of awards and is looking for a "good stage role". Italian scientist Rita Levi-Montalcini, who is 101-year-old and is still active in medical science, has described the force that keeps driving her on: "Progress is created through imperfection." In 1986 she and her lab colleague were awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine for their work on nerve growth factor.She's convinced that humans grow on challenges. With so many brilliant examples given, we can see clearly that age is no barrier to some high achievers. In the passage so many examples were given to show _ .
|
[
"old age is a big problem if you want to succeed",
"as a senior citizen, you have to be open-minded and optimistic",
"old people should never think of themselves as old",
"old age can not prevent a great person from achieving a lot"
] | 3D
|
human_aging
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The trucks begin to move at the same speed. Which truck needs a larger force to start moving?
|
[
"a mail truck carrying 200 pounds of mail",
"a mail truck carrying 450 pounds of mail"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
MIT ( Massachusetts Institute of Technology) is a world-class university mainly in math, science and technology, but you may be surprised to learn that MIT sets arts courses. MIT believe in the passion of learning, the value of working and teaching methods. MIT's teaching power is quite strong. There are eight Nobel winners and many other national and international winners in the teacher group of MIT. MIT is proud of these top scholars and thinkers. The ratio of teachers and students in MIT is about 1 to 7.5. About 63 percent of the classes have fewer than 20 students each. Only 4 percent of the classes have more than 100 students each. Most MIT students can learn courses that they like. The students in MIT have many activities when they finish their lessons, for example: Student Life And Culture Student Organizations Music & The Arts @ MIT Athletics Most students in famous universities feel serious pressure both in life and study. In MIT the students have the same pressure which encourages them to have to study hard. But MIT usually gives one year for the new students to adjust to the transition (;). In their first term all the new students are graded by a test. In this test if he or she receives a C or the level better than C, his or her result will be kept forever. If she or he receives a D or an F, no record will be kept. How many scholars won the Nobel Prize in MIT?
|
[
"5",
"6",
"7",
"8"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system. It rotates on its axis once about every 10 hours. What time period on Earth would be 10 hours long if Earth rotated on its axis once every 10 hours?
|
[
"a day",
"a week",
"a month",
"a year"
] | 0A
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
I had a terrible accident and was transferred via a helicopter to the Pittsburgh Hospital. I was conscious of my accident and friends, and family passing out at the sight of me. It was no picnic! Late one evening ,I could hear the nurses in the next room repeatedly talking to a new patient. "Sandy, your mom is here. Open your eyes. " This had gone on throughout the night. "Sandy ,your dad has some flowers for you. Open your eyes and look at them. " I asked the nurse as she checked in on me what had happened to Sandy. The nurse said that Sandy was about 17 and had been involved in a car wreck. She was in a deep coma , not in good shape. Over the next few nights ,I started talking to Sandy. Although, it was said silently, I started to urge her to open her eyes or say something. Her parents visited with me one evening, and they seemed to be from an important family but in much grief, much like the faces of those that had visited me. And there I was speechless, immobile and had no real way of easing their pain. It became very important to me to pray for her recovery, not my own. In some strange way, I believed that if Sandy would just open her eyes ,my own situation would get better. Sandy never came out of the coma as far as I know. During my stay in hospital, there were many times I felt like I was in an emotional coma. But I still could hear "just open your eyes. " Even now I think of her quite often. I remember the long nights in the hospital, the smell of the hospital environment and the helplessness we all felt. Even though Sandy's situation was bad, I am thankful for understanding what it means to let go of your own problems and concentrate on others. According to the author, we should _ when we all have problems.
|
[
"show our care to the unlucky with problems",
"try to learn something from these problems",
"focus on others' than on our own",
"always feel lucky for ourselves"
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In 1971, the bones of an extinct flying dinosaur were discovered. This kind of discovery helps everyone learn more about
|
[
"impact of humans on Earth.",
"effect of gravity on animals.",
"history of animal species on Earth.",
"likelihood that dinosaurs will reappear."
] | 2C
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
There is a famous saying from the French politician J.A. Brillat-Savarin that goes: "Tell me what kind of food you eat, and I will tell you what kind of man you are." It can be easy to not really think about what you eat. For example, whenever you go into a supermarket to buy a drink, it is all too easy to pick up an ice cream or a piece of chocolate as well. You might not even really want them, but sometimes their bright, nice packaging can be too hard to refuse. So, in our special food magazine we will show you why you should really pay more attention to what you eat! Food not only influences our health but also our beliefs, customs and personalities. The first article will look at the way fast food is leading to obesity . The famous cook, Jamie Oliver, has made it his purpose to introduce ideas about healthy eating. In a speech, Jamie Oliver told the world that during the 18 minutes that he gave his speech, four Americans would die because of the food that they ate! Obesity is also a growing problem in China. As China Daily reported in February, the number of obese people under the age of 18 in China has reached 120 million. Jamie has worked for 10 years to try and fight this problem. Learning about food is important not just because of health problems but also because many people still don't have enough food today. And we know as the improvement of science sometimes we have to face genetically modified food. Don't worry - we'll make you know more about all these topics in our special article! We'll also tell you something interesting about food. For example, do you know what the largest food on the menu is all over the world? It's the roasted camel and it has been served for several hundred years, often stuffed with chicken, lamb, egg, fish and rice! Hopefully by the time you finish reading this edition , you'll pay more attention to the food that you eat. As Oliver says, food is something that can help us enjoy our life. It is important that we love it! Food can influence us in many ways except our _ .
|
[
"health",
"beliefs",
"customs",
"dreams"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Did you ever look up at the moon and think you saw a man's face there? When the moon is round and full, the shadows of the moon mountains and the lines of the moon valleys sometimes seem to show a giant nose and mouth and eyes. At least, some people think so. If there were a man on the moon--instead of mountains and valleys that just look like the face of a man--what would he be like? He would not be like anyone you know. He would not be like anyone anybody knows. If the man on the moon were bothered by too much heat or cold the way Earth people are, he could not stay on the moon. The moon becomes very, very hot. It becomes as hot as boiling water. And the moon becomes very, very cold. It becomes colder than ice. Whatever part of the moon the sun shines on is hot and bright. The rest of the moon is cold and dark. If the man on the moon had to breathe to stay alive, he couldn't live on the moon because there's no air there. He'd have to carry an oxygen tank, as astronauts do. There's no food on the moon, either. Nothing grows--not even weeds(grass). If the man on the moon liked to climb mountains, he would be very happy. There are many high places there, such as the raised land around the holes, or craters , of the moon. Some of these _ are as tall as Earth's highest mountains. But if the man on the moon liked to swim, he would be unhappy. There is no water on the moon--just dust and rock. When you think of what it's like on the moon, you may wonder why it interests our scientists. One reason is that the moon is Earth's nearest neighbor--it is the easiest place in space to get to. Going back and forth between the moon and Earth, astronauts will get a lot of practice in space travel. Things learned on moon trips will be of great help to astronauts who later take long, long trips to some of the planets. Scientists are also interested in the moon because it has no air. The air that surrounds Earth cuts down the view of the scientists who look at the stars through telescopes. A telescope on the moon would give them a clearer, closer view of the stars.(words: 411) What is the main thought of the passage?
|
[
"We can learn much from research on the Moon.",
"There may be human beings on the moon.",
"If there were a man on the Moon, there would be many similarities between the man on the Moon and on the Earth.",
"A telescope on the Moon would help scientists have a clearer, closer sight of the stars."
] | 0A
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
An important rule for students to know when heating a test tube is to
|
[
"place a cork in the mouth of the test tube.",
"point the mouth of the test tube away from others.",
"hold the test tube loosely with the fingertips.",
"shake the test tube forcefully to keep contents mixed."
] | 1B
|
college_chemistry
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A female dog is having puppies. She has black fur, brown eyes, and a curly tail. She can sit, bark, and roll over on command. Which set of traits can the female dog's puppies inherit?
|
[
"brown eyes, black fur",
"fur, roll over on command",
"brown eyes, sit on command",
"bark on command, curly tail"
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which of the following items can perform photosynthesis?
|
[
"a flying wasp",
"a speedy cheetah",
"wet dirt",
"a yellow tulip"
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
China Daily Oct.11,2008-TheMinistry Of Health has called for more awareness from the public on the mental health of the young as part of efforts to mark World Mental Health Day which fell on Friday. More than 15 percent of Chinese youths have been found with mental problems and about 30 million young people under 17 are suffering from depression,the Shanghai-based Wenhui Daily reported.The World Health Organization estimates that before 2020,the rate of children with mental problems will increase to 50 percent ,and mental problem will become a major factor behind deaths and illness in the young worldwide. Dang Xianhong,the spokesperson for the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau,said rapid social change is one of the reasons behind the rising number of youngsters with psychological problems.If these mental dispenses are not addressed on time, science of crimes,drug-taking and other dangerous behaviors are expected to rise.Experts said mental diseases could be caused by many factors,such as the inability to handle interpersonal relations well, unstable emotions and pressures from an overload of studies.A number of experts have also said the one child policy is another reason leading to poor mental health in the young.Children are said to be too "spoiled" and "selfish" in a one child family. It's reported that schools in many cities are rolling out measures to help students maintain their mental well-being.Yin Jingmiao, a teacher of the Beijing No,105 Middle School,told China Daily that the school invites psychologists to provide counseling to students three times a month."Students can be arranged to have 40-minute counseling sessions." Yin said."The school also gives lectures on mental health to senior grade students before they take the national college entrance exams to help ease any anxiety arising from the tests." Which could be the consequence if the problem is left untreated?
|
[
"Inability to handle interpersonal relations.",
"Unstable emotions.",
"Drug taking and other dangerous behaviors.",
"Rapid social changes"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
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