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If you see a group of kids hitting and abusing an animal, would you stop them? Would you at least call the police? Again people would walk away. Some people do not believe that animal abuse is a big issue. Every day animals are abused in their homes or on the streets. It seems as if politicians do nothing to stop this issue. Everyone is worried about education and global warming. What about animals? We should not ignore them just because they cannot talk to us. Animals, like us humans, have rights. Every living being has the right to warm shelter and good food, but most importantly, they have the right to be wanted and loved. They have the right to be a special, much loved member of their own family. There are many organizations that deal with abused animals or animals that have no home like ASPCA, PETA, the Humane Society and many more. There are organizations that deal with this issue, but that does not mean that we still shouldn't help. The biggest saying that bothers me is, "I am only one person. I can't make a difference." If everyone thought like that, we wouldn't have the organizations and loving people who help the world every day. By helping one animal, you are making a difference. There are many things you can do right now to help animals around your neighborhood. You can volunteer at your local animal shelter, raise money for animal shelters, inform your community about animal abuse or you can write to your representatives and tell them that animal abuse needs to be taken seriously. As you walk down the street, try to help any animals you see walking around. You can easily buy a cheap box of dry cat or dog food to feed the animals. If we do not help our animals now, we may never have animals again. Always remember that with every step you take, you help save an animal's life and isn't that worth fighting for? We can learn from the text that ASPCA _ .
|
[
"is another name for the Humane Society",
"provides shelter for both animals and humans",
"deals with such issues as education and global warming",
"aims at protecting animals from being abused"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
I am one of seven children. My three sisters and I grew up in a small bedroom with two sets of beds. We shared a closet, a dresser, and just about everything else. I had friends who were only children. I looked longingly at their perfect dolls and toys placed carefully on their perfect shelves in their perfect little girl bedrooms. They had bathrooms to themselves. _ . Our bedroom always had stuff hanging about. There just wasn't room to store the paraphernalia of four girls who had definite ideas about how they wanted their space to be. All of us girls shared a bathroom with our three brothers. From a very young age, I really thought I was hard up. Looking back, I had to admit my "only children" friends had nice things. They had designer beds and beautiful bedrooms, but I always had someone to play with and talk to. Even if everyone else hated me, one of my sisters would not and that was all I needed. My sisters and I made up games and went around the neighborhood begging for old dresses so we could put on plays in our garage. Our house was the centre of activity for the whole neighborhood. We had dance shows and baseball games in the street. In short, we had everything we ever needed because we had each other. I have come to realize that there are so many reasons that sisters make a difference to your life and I can give you a few here: They get you. Your sisters have grown up with you so they know the entire back story of your situation and everything leading to it. They may not agree with you all the time but they never wonder why you do what you do or say what you say. They have suffered with you through awful times. I know that when one of my sisters is unhappy, I am unhappy too. When some non-family member tries to hurt you, the claws of them will come out! They have cheered you on. Sisters do get jealous at times but, even so, they are happy that you are doing well. They _ at your new bonus as long as you take them out for drinks and fattening appetizers! They are on the same diet as you. We are women in a world where thinness is equated with beauty. No matter how unjust this is, we are always on a diet. There is nothing like a sister calling and complaining about how she wants an ice cream and can't ever have one again. They are aging at the same rate as you. As we get older, we change, and however miserable this can be, it is heartening to know that someone shares your misery. They know what you are going through because they are going through it too. The last and best thing about sisters is that they stick with you. We can have our upsets and misunderstandings but we always come back to each other. I know many people reading this may have had upsets with their sisters. All I can say is that communication fixes everything. If you miss your sister, tell her so. If you have a BFF(Best Friend Forever) that has stuck with you through thick and thin , adopt her as your sister and keep her close to you. From the passage, we can learn that the author _ .
|
[
"has adopted her BBF as her sister",
"has expressed great sympathy for only children",
"had a better relationship with her brothers",
"has given some advice to those who had upsets with their sisters"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Researchers have established that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to act more effectively in cognitive areas such as attention and memory. This is true regardless of age. People will be alert and receptive if they are faced with information that gets them to think about things they are interested in. And someone with a history of doing more rather than less will go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who has not had an active mind. Many experts are so convinced of the benefits of challenging in the brain that they are putting the theory to work in their own lives. "The idea is not necessarily to learn to memorize large amounts of information," says James Fozard, associate director of the National Institute of Ageing. "Most of us don't need that kind of skill. Such specific training is of less interest than being able to maintain mental alertness." Fozard and others say they challenge their brains with different mental skills, both because they enjoy them and because they are sure that their range of activities will help the way their brains work. Gene Cohen, acting director of the same institute, suggests that people in their old age should engage in mental and physical activities individually as well as in groups. Cohen says that we are frequently advised to keep physically active as we age, but older people need to keep mentally active as well. Those who do are more likely to maintain their intellectual abilities and to be generally happier and better adjusted. "The point is, you need to do both," Cohen says. Intellectual activity actually influences brain-cell health and size. Which of the following statements would Cohen most probably support?
|
[
"Older people should keep mentally active by challenging their brains.",
"No matter whether it is done in group or alone, mental activity is always good for brain-cell health.",
"Physical strength is more important to older people than mental health.",
"People who engage in more mental activities but less physical ones are always happier."
] | 1B
|
human_aging
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Food prices have risen sharply over the past few years. The good news is that the rate of increase has slowed. The bad news is that prices will not go down anytime soon. Also,the rate of global agricultural production is slowing. Yet it needs to increase 60% over the next 40 years to feed a growing world population. These are among the findings from the OECDFAO(the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development & the Food and Agriculture Organization)Agricultural Outlook 2012-2021. FAO DirectorGeneral Jose Graziano da Silva spoke at a news conference in Rome when the report was released. Mr.Da Silva said that,not surprisingly,the world's poorest people will feel the greatest effects of higher prices. "For the millions and millions of extremely poor people, the effects of high food prices are clear--they might have to change their diets,usually to ones with poorer nutrition quality, "he said. In middleincome countries, people are gaining weight as they eat fewer fruits and vegetables and more of the cheaper but less nutritious foods. The report also shows that farmers in poorer countries will be leading efforts to feed an expected 9,000,000,000 people by 2050.The outlook predicts that farmers in Latin America,the Caribbean and subSaharan Africa will drive agricultural production in the future. Angel Gurria,SecretaryGeneral of the OECD,said:"We can feed 9,000,000,000 people by 2050 on this planet. But we have to organize ourselves better." But there are plenty of challenges.Onefourth of all agricultural land is damaged. Many countries face water shortages .And experts believe climate change is driving increasingly unusual weather patterns. The report says farmers need to use more growing methods that can't cause damage to the environment.At the same time,it says governments should end economically harmful supports and spend more money to increase agricultural production.Mr.Gurria says rich and poor nations need to treat agriculture more like a business. "In many cases,agriculture is related in people's minds to the poorest. It's related to aid. It's related to very poor living conditions,etc. We have got to shake that image away,"he said. It can be inferred from the text that poorer countries _ .
|
[
"are damaging a great part of their agricultural land",
"will play a great role in feeding the growing world population",
"are spending lots of money increasing agricultural production",
"will not be so seriously affected by food prices as rich nations"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Jack Green is 75 years old. He is not in good condition. "I think I'm ill," he tells his wife, "I feel awful. I've got a headache and I don't feel like eating." "You've put on a lot of weight recently. You should see the doctor," his wife says, "ask him how to lose weight. It's not good for your health." "OK," says Jack. He goes to see a doctor. The doctor checks his heart and weighs him. Then he says, "You are too heavy. You need to do some excercise to lose about 30 kilograms. Run two miles a day for the next 100 days. Then call and tell me your weight." A week later, the doctor receives a call from Jack. "Doctor, I ran two miles every day and I feel much better. But I have a new problem." "What's that?" asks the doctor. "I'm 14 miles away from home, and I can't find my way back." Choose the right answer according to the passage. Why does Jack feel awful?
|
[
"Because he is in good condition.",
"Because he has a headache.",
"Because he feels like eating.",
"Because he works hard."
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What is the complementary base of adenine in DNA?
|
[
"cytosine",
"thymine",
"guanine",
"uracil"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Fame troubled Marie Curie and also her husband, because science was their world and in their world of science fame and honor had no value. One day, when a writer for a newspaper tried to ask Marie about herself and her thoughts and her belief, she answered him, "In science we must be interested in things, not in persons." Much of the real character and spirit of this unusual woman is found in these few words, which she was later often to repeat. One evening, at a big party, a friend asked if she would like to see the king of Greece, who was also a guest. She answered in her simple manner, "I don't see the value of it." Then, seeing that she had hurt the feeling of her friend, she quickly added, "But...but...of course, I shall do whatever you please, just as you please. Marie Curie's friend was interested in _ .
|
[
"things",
"Marie Curie",
"Marie's husband",
"Marie Curie and the king of Greece"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
As Archie walks to the park, he wonders which route would be faster. He decides to walk to the park using different routes and times how long it takes. Which should he do to make his comparison fair?
|
[
"walk to different parts of the park each day",
"walk with a different friend each day",
"walk at the same speed each day",
"walk at the same time of the day"
] | 2C
|
elementary_mathematics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A student observes a glowing band across the night sky. This glowing band is most likely
|
[
"orbiting planets in the solar system.",
"a partial view of the Milky Way galaxy.",
"an asteroid orbiting the Sun.",
"light from stars in a distant galaxy."
] | 1B
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Mobile phone technology is developing rapidly. What will the future mobile be able to do and what will it look like? Take a look at the following mobile phones, and you'll find that some amazing phones are now coming our way. Packet The packet has five touch screens with different usages . When folded, the Packet is in a simple square shape. You can see the time and any messages you've received. Once you open it, the five screens will _ . Cob alto It has taken only two years for touch screen mobile phones to be used worldwide. Why not the 3D phones then? With an almost all-glass design, the Cobalto phone can make Google Maps even more useful, as shown here. Human-body Phone We often save photos of someone we love. When we miss them, we can see the photos. And now, Japanese scientists' human-body phone is more than just photos. With a human body shape, it's coated with a material just like human skin. When you're holding the phone, it feels as if you're holding someone you miss. Paper Phone How many times have you wanted to smash your phone when talking to annoying people? With the Paper Phone, you'll soon be able to do it. As the world's first flexible mobile phone, it can be bent freely while you're making calls, reading e-books and playing music. When we miss someone very much, we can save photos of him or her with _ .
|
[
"the Packet",
"the Cobalto",
"the Human-body Phone",
"the Paper Phone"
] | 2C
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Complete the sentence.
Mixing copper and tin to make bronze is a ().
|
[
"chemical change",
"physical change"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
One afternoon, in Paris, I took a trip to an art museum while waiting for my husband to finish a business meeting. I was looking forward to a quiet view of some great paintings of excellent artists. A young couple looking at the paintings in front of me were talking non-stop. I watched them a moment and decided she was doing all the talking. In fact, I was surprised at this man for putting up with her everlasting speech. Bored by their noise, I moved on. I met them several times as I moved through those rooms of art. Each time I heard her voice, I moved away at once. I was standing at the museum gift shop buying some cards when the couple walked to the exit . "He's a brave man," said the shop assistant. "Most of us would give up if we were blinded at such a young age. But he and his wife come in whenever there's a new art show." It explained the non-stop talk! A sudden sense of shame came to my heart for what I was thinking just now. "But what does he get out of the art?" I asked. "His wife describes each painting so he can see it in his head." At that moment I realized what is patience, courage and love. I saw the patience of a young wife describing paintings to a person who can't see and courage of a husband who would not allow blindness change his love towards art. And I felt the love shared by the two as I watched them walking away holding each other's hands. The passage mainly shows us _ .
|
[
"patience, courage and love",
"how to watch paintings",
"how art changed people's life",
"a trip"
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Everyone must go to bed early and get up early, or we won't be healthy and clever.Is this true? Maybe it is.The body must have enough sleep.Children of your age need ten hours'sleep every day.If you don't go to bed early, you won't have enough sleep .Then you can't think properly and can't do your work properly.You will not be clever.Some people go to bed late and get up late.This is not good for them.We must go to bed at night when it is dark.The dark helps us to sleep soundly.When the daytime comes, we must get up.This is the time for exercise.If you lack exercise, you will become weak.Exercise keeps a strong body.Exercise helps the blood flow around inside the body.This is very important.Blood takes food to all parts of our body.The brain also needs blood, we think with our blood.If we keep our body healthy and take exercise, we can think better. Exercise _
|
[
"makes more blood",
"helps the blood to flow",
"makes food for our blood",
"makes our brain tired"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
My life began similarly to most children but I grew up without knowing what a father or mother was. No one was there to teach me how to tell right from wrong. Because of this, I got into some bad habits and spent seven years as a boy on the street. When I was 20, I was taken in a rehab clinic . Inside I met Bill, my counselor . He taught me a lot of things. The main thing was the gift of giving. It was the night before an important test and I was very nervous. Bill invited me to go out for a walk to relax me. As we walked and talked, Bill suggested we should go for a coffee. I told him I had no money when I got paid, and I offered to pay him back. He stopped then and looked at me in a serious, but loving way and said he was doing this because he wanted to. Then he said, "One day when you'll be around someone who will need a coffee, you'll be able to buy it for them. That's how you can pay me back." I'm a primary school teacher now. My job is simple and I can buy young people coffee now. Bill taught me how to offer help to others. Which of the following statements is probably right?
|
[
"The author was too stupid to tell right from wrong.",
"Bill often offered his students coffee to please them.",
"Bill had clever ways to teach his students.",
"The author was often nervous before important tests."
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
UK Attention, Harry Potter fans: The sixth novel in J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter stories, , will go on sale in the United States, Canada, Britain and Australia on July 16, 2005 Italy According to a recent study, there are now more dogs and cats in Italian homes than children. There are at least 14.5 million dogs cats in Italian homes compared with 8.7 million children under the age of 15.Italy has one of the lowest birth rates in Europe. A psychologist said that pets were loved by many young Italians who could not have or did not want to have children. In Italy, spending on pets has increased by 20 percent in the past five years. US The start of a new years is time when many Americans like to think about ways to make improvements for the future. But this year, instead of the usually New Year's resolution to lose weight, quit smoking or exercise more, the US Department of Homeland Security is urging Americans to create a family emergency plan for any terror attack. France & Iraq The two French journalists who had been held hostage in Iraq for 124 days were freed last week. Christian Chesnot, 37 and Georges Malbunot, 41, were kidnapped along with their Iraqi driver on Aug, 20 in Iraq. French Prime Minister, Jean-Pierre Raffarin, said that the French government had not paid ransom for their release. From the news above we know that health is usually most being talked about in _
|
[
"UK",
"Italy",
"US",
"France"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The drag of wind results in which feature of ocean surface currents?
|
[
"movement of water away from the equator",
"cyclical variations in the height of high tides",
"reduction in velocity with distance from Earth's poles",
"deflection of water toward the direction of airflow"
] | 3D
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Scientists are closely concerned with the structure of buildings and with the quality of building materials. The World health Organization (WHO) observes that the introduction of air conditioning and energy conservation measures have been accompanied by growing problems of indoor air quality. Some pollutants arise from insulation products, some from moving cars, and others from modern housing materials. As many Europeans spend up to 90% of their lives in buildings, the health effects of the indoor climate are very important. Some construction materials, including fiberboard, insulation foams and certain glues for man-made wood floor boards, for example, give out organic products such as formaldehyde . Heat and humidity increase the release of formaldehyde and the gas seriously harms the eyes. Paint, lacquer, etc. can also release dangerous gas into indoor air. Construction materials can cause serious damage, especially when they contain asbestos . Asbestos is naturally present in rock formations worldwide. It belongs to a family of mineral substances made up of solid, non-combustible fiber. These properties make asbestos a highly sought-after construction material. As early as 1931, however, public health officers in the prefix = st1 /United Kingdomrevealed the connection between breathing in asbestos dust and such diseases as lung cancer. The land on which a building is sited may also contribute to pollution. Some kinds of granite or similar rocks contain traces of radium. As it breaks down, this naturally radioactive element produces some kind of radioactive gas that goes through tiny cracks in walls, floors and building materials, and makes its way into the building and the rooms. The better the homes are insulated, the more is the dangerous gas in indoor air. The main effect of this dangerous gas on health is to increase the risk of lung cancer. Why should we be careful about the land on which a building is to be sited?
|
[
"To determine whether the land is firm enough for a building to be sited on.",
"To make sure that the land contains no radioactive material.",
"To make certain that the land releases no formaldehyde or other gases.",
"To check whether it contains any combustible materials."
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A circle passes through the points (3, 4) and (5, 7). Which of the following points CANNOT lie on the circle?
|
[
"(–2, –1)",
"(–1, –2)",
"(5, 5)",
"(6, 4)"
] | 1B
|
high_school_mathematics
|
mmlu
|
A crow is about twenty inches long and black all over. Crows are dirty birds because they live on bad food. Crows eat a lot of waste food. In this way they are more useful to us than any birds. They clean up the dirty things in our streets. Crows are always hungry. They look for food all day, and in the evening you can see them in large numbers flying back to their nests in the trees. They sleep there at night. Crows are much noisier than other birds. Very often a large number of crows will get together on one house and talk. Sometimes they talk together, and sometimes they do it by turns like human beings . It is easy to tell from crow's sound if they are pleased or angry. Perhaps crows talk a lot because they are friendly birds. A pair of crows will live together all their lives, and if one of them dies, the other one becomes very sad and quiet for the rest of its life and some time later it dies too. People can't hear crow talk _ .
|
[
"together",
"by turns",
"noisily",
"quietly"
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
If you want to get a new cell phone number, don't forget to bring your ID with you . As of September 1, people have to register with their ID to buy a new cell phone number. You can show your ID card orhukou, but student ID's won't work. If you already have a cell phone number, it is better to register it before 2013. The new rules are meant to prevent junk messages and fraud through cell phones. A cell phone user in China on average received 43.3 messages a week in the first half of this year. According to reports, about 12 of those were junk messages. In a survey, about 74.5 percent of users said they have received fraudulent messages. If all people register their cell phone number with ID information, it will be easier for police to find the people behind those messages. Situations in other countries Because cell phone are getting more and more popular, many countries have made stricter cell phone rules. Countries like India, Japan, Australia, and Singapore all ask users to register their ID information. Ulrich Mller is a German living in Beijing. "In Germany, you have to show your ID when you buy a cell phone card," he said. "The rules have been there for a long time. Most people know about it." Linda van der Horst is a student at Peking University. She said that in the Netherlands ,people have to show ID information and bank account information to buy a cell phone card. To buy a cell phone card, which country asks people to show their bank account information?
|
[
"India",
"Japan",
"Australia",
"Netherlands"
] | 3D
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Growing your own fruit and vegetables is one of the best things in the world. It is very good for your health and also brings happiness to you. To be a successful fruit-and-vegetable grower, check out these tips: *A family affair Get all family members to take part in growing. Children will learn where food comes from, and they may like to have their own little field. *Size doesn't matter You can work in any place you like, not just in a common vegetable garden. Grow fruit and vegetables in a window box, or use your flowerbed to grow vegetables and beautiful flowers together. *The natural way If you want to grow foods organically, you can't use sprays that would harm children, pets and wildlife. You should work with nature rather than against it. Growing your own food doesn't take up too much time and costs little. A few seeds and some basic tools will be OK. Second-hand tools can often be both cheap and good to use. We shouldn't use sprays because _ .
|
[
"chemicals are bad for nature",
"children don't like the smell of them",
"they cost too much",
"they are difficult to use"
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Working the night shift a few nights a month can do more than leave your eyes bleary-eyed ,suggests a study on Wednesday. It just might increase your risk of color1ectal cancer .Nurses who worked the night shift at least three times a month for t5 years or more were 35%more likely to develop that type of cancer than nurses who never worked nights,Harvard University researchers report in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. The finding,from the ongoing Nurses Health Study,is the first to link night shift work with a higher risk of color1ectal cancer,expected to kill 57,100 Americans this, according to the American Cancer Society.Another research,including a report out of the Nurses Health Study, has suggested that working night shifts increases women's breast cancer risk. The researchers asked 78,586 nurses whether they had ever worked three or more night shifts a month.The nurses indicated whether they had done so for less than 15 years or 15 years or more.The scientists followed the women to see who developed color1ectal cancer. Researchers believe that lowered levels of melatonin might increase night-shift workers' cancer risk.Melatonin levels usually reach the highest point in the middle of the night. Turn on the lights,though,and _ dropped measurably in just 10 minutes,says Richard Stevens a cancer epidemiologist at the University of Connecticut who did not take part in the new study.After two weeks of continuous nightly exposure to light,humans experience a sharp drop in melatonin production,Nurses Health Study researchers write. In the lab,melatonin appears to stop tumor growth.Other studies suggest that color1ectal cancer patients have lower blood levels of melatonin than healthy people,the authors write.However,that could be a result of the disease,not a cause of it.Stevens says. Which of the following is NOT caused by working on the night shift?
|
[
"Bleary eyes.",
"Colorectal cancer",
"Melatonin production.",
"Breast cancer."
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
An increase in phosphate levels in a lake increases the population of algae in the lake. Increased algae blocks sunlight into the lake and results in a decrease in dissolved oxygen in the lake's water. Which of the following should be expected as a result?
|
[
"Plant populations in the lake increase.",
"More predatory birds feed on lake animals.",
"Phosphate levels in the lake decrease.",
"Fish populations in the lake decline."
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which change will occur in the wire of an electrical circuit that is working properly?
|
[
"The wire will become warmer.",
"The wire will lose some of its mass.",
"The wire will form an electric field.",
"The wire will develop a new crystal structure."
] | 0A
|
electrical_engineering
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Do you want to be healthy? Then you must eat well and get a lot of exercise. If you're healthy, your body works well and you also feel well. Here are some trips. Eat more fruit and vegetables. "One apple a day, keep the doctor away!"Fruit and vegetables have rich vitamins. They can help us to keep healthy. Remember to eat some fruit and vegetables every day. Drink water and milk often. When you are thirsty, water is the best choice. Try to limit soda drinks, such as Coca Cola, Sprite and Fanta. Milk is also very good for your body. Drink a cup of milk every day if possible. Listen to your body. You'd better notice how your body feels when you eat. That is to say you should stop eating when you're full. It can make you feel comfortable. Limit screen time. Don't spend too much time watching TV or DCDs, playing video games or using the computer. You should do some outdoor activities, such as playing basketball, going riding and swimming. If you follow the tips, I'm sure you'll have a healthy body. If you _ , you'll feel uncomfortable.
|
[
"stop eating when you're full",
"eat too much",
"listen to your body",
"drink a little soda"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Select the vertebrate.
|
[
"hissing cockroach",
"mosquito",
"forest scorpion",
"cardinalfish"
] | 3D
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Sheep Challenge Evolution A species of sheep lives on the Scottish island of Hirta. Hirta has plenty of grass for the sheep to eat, and no natural predators of the sheep live on the island. Some sheep have dark wool, and some have light wool. The sheep with dark wool tend to be much larger and stronger than the sheep with light wool. However, researchers have found that in the last 20 years, the sheep with light wool have increased in number. Usually, strength and size help animals survive and breed. On Hirta, sheep with light wool outnumber sheep with dark wool because sheep with light wool
|
[
"produce more wool",
"have a more restricted diet",
"produce fewer offspring each year",
"have a better chance of surviving and reproducing"
] | 3D
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
If you think English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven't you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language? According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes _ . This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles. The study also found the earlier people learn a second language, the greater the effect is. A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London(UCL), took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of"early bilinguals ", who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners. Scans showed that grey matter density in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference was. "Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,"said the scientists. It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn. Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. "Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible,"he said,"You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas." The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34. Reading, writing and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the earlier they started to learn, the better."Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,"explained the scientists. The experience of learning a second language can _ .
|
[
"change one's brain completely",
"improve one's maths skills",
"make one smarter than others",
"increase the ability to learn"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Based on this information, what is this muskmelon plant's genotype for the fruit taste gene?
|
[
"FF",
"sour fruit"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
I believe I've gotten this more than once. One lady told me she thought I was 12 and even told her 14-year-old daughter the same. I saw lots of surprised faces because people were told I was actually 19 years old. I'm actually 19 years old, which isn't much of a problem. I'm like the oldest of my friends and the shortest, which is pretty funny. That's probably one of the reasons I fit in so well with them. I volunteered at a weekend school teaching young children. Parents always looked me up and down like "why is this 13-year-old girl teaching my child?!??!?" I guessed it was because I'm also petite ,and I didn't know whether I had a childish face...??? Sometimes I found it funny, sometimes I found it annoying . But I just shrugged it off at last. You know, soon enough people got to know me and then realized I was not actually a 13-year-old girl. This short thing used to be a problem for me, though. I was very very small when I was younger, so kids would _ me. When I was 12, 8-year-old girls would look down at me like "I CAN'TBELIEVEYOU'RETWELVE!" I had always wanted to be tall. But now that I'm older, I got used to it, and I actually love it. You know, I'm fun sized! How does the writer feel when others say she is 12?
|
[
"Not surprised",
"Annoying",
"Angry",
"Sad"
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which is activity is least likely to be inherited?
|
[
"how to taste food",
"how to hear sound",
"how to breathe oxygen",
"how to cook pasta"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
I had been to several doctors as a child, but I have a special place in my heart for Dr. Vincent. He was a Pediatric Cardiologist at UCLA back in 1971 who saved my life. I was eight years old at the time with a severe heart problem and I needed heart surgery. My Mom did not have the money, and without the surgery there was a real good chance I would not live to be thirteen years old. After contacting several organizations Dr. Vincent was able to get financial help for me through United Way, a Crippled Children's Organization. Dr. Vincent was a handsome man; he was also very gentle and caring. I remember being in the hospital for an Angiogram test, and during the procedure I was crying terribly, so the medical staff called in Dr. Vincent to calm me down, and he was able to comfort me when no one else could. Then the time came for me to have heart surgery; there was a fifty- percent chance that I would not make it through the surgery because it was experimental. At the time I was only the second or third person to have this procedure done. I was absolutely terrified, and again Dr. Vincent reassured me he would see to it that everything would be all right. I had a lot of confidence and trust in Dr. Vincent; He came to see me after the surgery, which was extremely painful but very successful, and brought me a stuffed animal. I was so surprised to get this gift from Dr. Vincent; I gave him a hug. I guess Dr. Vincent must have known I was feeling very lonely and scared. You see, I had no family or friends visit me while I was in the hospital except for my Mom, and I am not sure why. I do know one thing; I had a wonderful doctor who took the time to help a scared little girl who felt all alone. This was twenty eight years ago, so wherever you are Dr. Vincent, I want to thank you for not only saving my life, but you helped me live a normal productive life, and for showing me that you truly cared, for that I will be eternally grateful to you. Why did Dr. Vincent have a special place in her heart? Because _ .
|
[
"Dr. Vincent was handsome",
"Dr. Vincent was caring and kind",
"Dr. Vincent carried out the operation.",
"Dr. Vincent offered the money the operation needed."
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What is the volume of a bottle of nail polish?
|
[
"11 liters",
"11 milliliters"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
How can you get your hands on white blood cells?
|
[
"paint a fence",
"join a gang",
"tour a jail",
"pop a pustule"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Every day, Daisy wakes up next to a man, who has to convince her they are married. When she expresses doubt, he takes out a photo album and shows her pictures of their wedding 13 years ago. Only then does _ Daisy accept that she has been married, and that everything he has told her is true. The lady's condition was caused by brain injuries suffered in two road accidents, a motorbike crash in 1985 and a car accident in 1990. Daisy can recall everything up to 1994, but since then everything that happens on one day is forgotten the next day. She has no day-today memory after the car crash. And it is not just loved ones Daisy struggles with. She uses hundreds of notes and reminders on her mobile phone's calendar to keep her informed of appointments and everyday duties. Anything she has done or anyone she has met must be logged for future reference. And on the rare occasions when she takes the risk of going out of her home alone, she has to be armed with navigation programmed with her address. There are some benefits, however. There is no such thing as a repeat on TV and every joke is funny, because it seemed she has heard it the first time."It's like I am living the same day, day after day, said Daisy, who does voluntary work at a charity for people with disabilities three days a week. Dr Peter Nestor said Daisy was suffering from anterograde( , ) amnesia. He added, "It is reasonably rare, but it does exist. You are able to carry out daytoday things, and don't forget how to do certain things like speaking. But if someone was to ask you what you did yesterday, you wouldn't have a clue." How did Daisy's family help remind her?
|
[
"By taking her to the hospital",
"By telling her jokes.",
"By showing her old photos and pictures.",
"By persuading her to recall the car crash."
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Bigger-brained birds survive better than their feathered friends with smaller brains, according to a study published on Tuesday. Scientists have suspected that birds with large brains in relation to their body size lived longer because they were able to adapt their behavior to environmental challenges. Now they have provided evidence that it does. "We have tested the hypothesis that the brain can buffer animals against the environment and help them to survive when they face environmental challenges," said Daniel Sol of the Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications in Barcelona, Spain. After comparing death rates, brain size and body mass of 236 species of birds from different regions of the world, Sol and scientists in Britain, Hungary and Canada discovered that the bigger the brain the better. Crows and parrots have the largest brains, while pheasants have a relatively small brain. Earlier studies have shown there is a relationship between the size of the brain and an animal's capacity to create new behavior and adapt more easily. "The idea is that if you have a big brain, you are more capable of adjusting behavior and responding to environmental changes. This can help you to survive," said Sol, who reported the finding in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. Tamas Szekely of the University of Bath in England and a co-author of the report, said birds were ideal to test the hypothesis because they are the only species in which brain size and behavioral response to environmental challenges such as climate and habitat destruction is understood. Which of the following statements is true?
|
[
"Pheasants have the smallest brains of all birds.",
"Crows and parrots have the largest brains in all animals.",
"A pig's brain is bigger than a cock, so it must be cleverer than the cock.",
"The discovery is now only certain about and mainly limited to birds."
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Tech-Camp No.6 Devon Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong a technology day camp for students 12-17 About Tech-Camp Tech-Camp is a day camp with a focus on computers and electronics technology. We offer 2-week summer programmes for students of 12 to 17 years of age. We have a computer lab with the latest and fastest equipment, an electronics lab, and a video production studio. Our staff are special, too. They are experts in computers and electronics, of course, but they are also people who care about children and enjoy working with them. The benefits of Tech-Camp In all of our programmes, we show students how to work in teams and how to solve problems by themselves. We encourage them to think creatively. What students will do at Tech-Camp Each day Tech-camp is filled with useful, interesting and challenging activities. For example, in the Computer Programme, students learn the basic computer programming, and how to use the Internet. In the Tech-Camp Programme, they make radio-controlled model cars and produce their own short videos. Programme Session 1 Session 2 Session 3 Computer Programme 15 June-26 June 15 June-26 June 15 June-26 June High-tech Programme 29 June-10 July 27 July-7 August 15 June-26 June Fee: HK $2,000 per student (10% discount available for groups of 10 or more students.) For more information about Tech-Camp, please contact Director of Summer Programmes, Ms Julia Brown, by phone, fax or e-mail. Telephone: 26548898 Fax: 26948850 E-mail: [email protected] From the brochure we can infer that _ .
|
[
"the Camp offers students accommodation during their two-week stay at the Camp",
"high school teachers are in charge of the Tech-Camp all the time",
"students can learn about the hi-tech through lectures given by the experts",
"students can learn how to think and solve problems creatively and learn teamwork"
] | 3D
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which transition is most responsible for gaps in the fossil record?
|
[
"metamorphic rock to igneous rock",
"igneous rock to metamorphic rock",
"metamorphic rock to sedimentary rock",
"sedimentary rock to metamorphic rock"
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
On the whole, it's not something we parents shout about, but one in four of us does it.Hiring private tutors for our children is now widespread.And this year, as always,the Easter holidays will be peak time for tutor demand. "My husband and I tried to tutor her at home,but we found all our knowledge was out of date and we were only confusing Zarreen.We also tried a group revision course but all the children were sitting exams for different boards . On the whole we think one-two-one tuition works best and it is worth the money.In our case,Preeta is a bit like an elder sister to Zarreen and that's the most important,"says Ashan Sabri from London, whose daughter Zarreen,18,is having tuition in biology and chemistry in preparation for A-levels this summer. In fact,Preeta Datta is only six years older than her pupil and she is happy to provide extra tuition through mobile phone."Maybe Zarreen will call me two or three times a week with a question about biology or chemistry, and that's fine to me,"says Datta. The real question is:does tutoring do any good? "It's not the magic bullet,"says Professor Judith Ireson.'It's still up to the child to do the learning.If he or she isn't interested,then sending them to a private tutor won't do any good." In which case,surely it's time to break open the Champagne ?Not necessarily, says Elaine Tyrrell,head of the Rowans School. "While we recommend private tutoring for a few children whose first language isn't English,we don't encourage it for the others,"says Tyrrell."With the level of education they get here,children really ought to be able to pass the entrance exams without any extra teaching. Besides, our biggest worry is that they might just get in with the help of last-minute tutoring,but,once they actually get to that school,they won't be able to manage." It's a point worth considering.After all,who would want their child to stay at the bottom of the class? From the passage we know that_.
|
[
"Preeta Datta is only twenty four years old.",
"Preeta Datta is head of the Rowans school",
"Judith Ireson is a teacher of the prefix = st1 /RowansSchool",
"A shan Sabri has a daughter named Zarreen,who is over 18"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Not all think laughter is the best medicine, but it seems to help.So scientists carried on a new study of diabetes patients who were given a good dose of humor for a year to prove it. Researchers divide 20 high-risk diabetic patients into two groups.Both groups were given standard diabetes medicine.Group L viewed 30 minutes of humor of their choice, while Group C, the control group, did not.This went on for a year of treatments. By two months into the study, the patients in the laughter group had lower level of the hormones epinephrine , considered to cause stress, which is known to be deadly.After the 12 months, _ rises 26 percent in Group L but only 3 percent in Group C.In another measure, C-reactive proteins, a maker of heart disease, drop 66 percent in the laughter group but only 26 percent in the control group. "The best doctors believe that there is a physical good brought about by the positive emotion, happy laughter," said study leader Lee Berk of Loma Linda University.And other research has found that humor makes us more hopeful.Still, more study is needed, Berk said.The research by Berk found that humor can bring about similar changes in body chemistry, which was proved in the new study.The research result will be presented this month at the meeting in the US.Research at the University of Maryland School of Medicine shows that laughter causes the inner lining of blood vessels to expand, increasing blood flow in a way thought to be healthy. "Lifestyle choices have an important effect on health and these are choices which we and patients should pay attention to, rather than prevention and treatment," Berk said in a statement this week. According to Berk, we should _ .
|
[
"choose lifestyles carefully",
"change our lifestyles",
"prevent our lifestyles in advance",
"pay less attention to the positive emotion"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Nowadays, there's a lot of debate about single sex education since it has begun to regain its popularity recently. According to long term studies of children from around the world, students achieve more and learn better in single sex schools. An Australian study of 270,000 students found that both boys and girls performed much higher on standardized tests when they attended separate schools. During an experiment in Virginia in 1995, 100 eighth graders were separated just for math and science courses. Almost immediately, the girls began to achieve more, become more confident and take part more often in class activities. In 2001, a British study concluded that nearly every girl regardless of her ability or socio-economic status performed better in single sex classrooms than co-ed ones. The study of 2,954 high schools and 979 primary schools showed that while boys at the lowest levels in study improved the most in single sex schools, single sex education was particularly beneficial to girls. Every one of the top 50 private elementary schools and top 20 private high schools in Britain are single sex schools. Girls became more confident in themselves as students and earned higher scores on their College Board and Advanced Placement examinations. A quarter of the female members of the US Congress and one-third of all female members of Fortune 100 boards graduated from all-women's colleges. While the statistics are not as dramatic for boys, however, boys tend to soften their competitive edge and become more cooperative in a single sex setting. They can just be boys and not worry about what the girls might think. Single sex education has a pleasant way of encouraging children to be fearless, to be curious, to be enthusiastic --- in short, to just be themselves. Children are subjected to pressures from every quarter to become adults before they are ready to do so. They grow up too quickly. Why not let them be children for a few more years? Single sex education with its gentler, more controlled social atmosphere is just the right answer for many children. What is the main point of the article?
|
[
"Ways to reduce pressure and help children grow.",
"The reason why girls perform better than boys at school.",
"The advantage of single sex education.",
"The development of single sex education in different countries."
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The interaction of the skeletal and muscular systems to produce locomotion is coordinated by which human body system?
|
[
"circulatory",
"excretory",
"nervous",
"respiratory"
] | 2C
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A person wants to turn on an MP3 player, so they complete a circuit by
|
[
"pressing a button",
"singing to it",
"making a face",
"crossing their fingers"
] | 0A
|
electrical_engineering
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Dolphins are interesting animals and researchers find them interesting to watch. They don't have hands, but can use tools to solve problems, just like us. Scientists have observed a dolphin trying to get a shy eel to come out of its hole by poking it with a dead fish. Many species of dolphin live in large societies. They have many different relationships and need a good communication system; they use a variety of sounds to communicate with each other. There is currently no evidence that dolphins have a language of their own. But scientists still have a lot to find out about these animals and so there are certain to be a few surprises in the future. At Kewalo Basin Marine Laboratory in Hawaii, the dolphin team have developed a sign langue to communicate with the dolphins, and the results are amazing. Not only do the dolphins understand the meaning of individual words, they also understand the significance of word order in a sentence. For example, when they were asked to 'touch the ball with your tail and then jump over it' they generally responded correctly and straight away, which showed that they understood the langue. Most mammals seem to enjoy play--but dolphins seems to like making their games as challenging as possible. On a beautiful day in 1997, researchers working at a beach, off the southern coast of Brazil, observed a little dog going into the sea and swimming towards the dolphins. To their surprise, the dolphins approached the dog and then started throwing it into the air. The dog seemed to enjoy the 'game' and continued playing with the dolphins for more than an hour. From then on, different dogs were seem trying to interact with the dolphins. Dolphins live in a very different world to ourselves, but they are very good at our 'intelligence tests'. For example, they will jump out of the water when they hear a whistle noise. They do this because they will get a fish as a reward. There is still much to learn about these flexible problem-solvers, but from the evidence so far, it would seem as though dolphins are very intelligent. To get a shy eel to come out of its hole , a dolphin would poke it with _ .
|
[
"a tool",
"its tail",
"a dead fish",
"its mouth"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What causes a blue block to appear blue in the sunlight?
|
[
"The block absorbs all blue light.",
"The block bends (refracts) all blue light.",
"Only blue light is reflected by the block.",
"Only blue light passes through the block."
] | 2C
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What is the volume of a coffee pot?
|
[
"13 cups",
"13 gallons",
"13 fluid ounces"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Enough sleep is important to health. The amount of sleep needed depends on the age of the person and the conditions in which sleep takes place. The young may need more sleep than the old, but usually eight hours are enough for the health of grown-ups. Some can do with less than this amount, but others may need more. Every person knows his own need. It is then a matter of good judgment to satisfy his need. Sleep should always be enough to make one bring back his strength and get ready for a day's work. Fresh air is necessary to sound sleep. It is not without reason for some people to think that it is practicable to sleep in the open air. When one can keep himself warm, out-of-door sleeping probably gives the body its most complete relaxation . Ability to sleep is largely a habit. The conditions referred to only lead to sleep. Out-of-door exercises, a good habit of regular hours and the avoidance of late eating and worry, which are largely within the control of any person, are all helpful to sound sleep. A bath at bedtime, neither hot nor cool but of body temperature, may be helpful to sleep. Sleep-producing drug should never be taken except when suggested by a doctor. We know from the passage _ is enough for the health of a pupil.
|
[
"equal or more than eight hours",
"seven hours or so",
"Eight hours or so",
"Less than eight hours"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Course Details Crazy Creatures (3--5 year olds) Class size: 6--10 students Course summary: "Crazy Creatures" teaches children the English language through songs, arts and craft and games. Every lesson focuses on a famous children's story such as "The Very Hungry Caterpillar". The lesson introduces key vocabulary for the story and the children play games, sing songs, and do arts and craft activities based on the story. Price: RMB 3,500/week, RMB 6,500/2 weeks, RMB 9,000/3weeks, RMB 11,000/4weeks Ancient Civilizations (8--12 year olds) Class size: 6--16 students Course summary: Children will learn about the culture, food, clothes and entertainment of people who lived in ancient civilizations, from Chinese, Greek, and Mayan / Aztec to Ancient Egypt. At the end of every week children will perform a short play wearing clothes they have made themselves. Throughout the course children will learn songs, read stories and write short stories and poems. Price: RMB 4,500/week, RMB 8,000/2 weeks, RMB 11,500/3weeks, RMB 14,000/4weeks Literature Study (12--14 year olds) Class size: 6--10 students Course summary: Children will practice the skills required for the GCSE English Literature exam through analyzing a novel. The novel is "Holes" by Louis Sachar, a best-seller across the world. This course will develop children's writing skills and their ability to answer questions. Price: RMB 4,500/week, RMB 8,000/2 weeks Dates: June 28--July 2, July 5--July 9, July 12--July 16, July 19--July 23, July 26--July 30, August 2--August 6 Time: 9:00 am to 4:00 pm, Monday to Friday Teaching: Classes are taught by experienced native English speaking teachers with a Chinese teaching assistant. Application Dateline : Friday 18 June 2010 Payment Dateline: Payment to be made to Harrow International School Beijing by first day of the course. *Snacks and lunch are provided at no cost *A school nurse will be on site throughout the course. *Free school bus service available What do we learn about "Literature Study"?
|
[
"It is suitable for students of all ages",
"It uses a novel as its textbook.",
"It will develop children's art skills.",
"It will be taught by Louis Sachar."
] | 1B
|
high_school_macroeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Can dolphins talk ? Maybe they can't talk with words ,but they can talk with sounds . They show their feelings with sounds . Dolphins travel in group . We call a group of them a "school ". They don't study , but they travel together. Dolphins talk to other dolphins in the school .They give information . They tell other dolphins when they are happy or sad or afraid . They say "welcome "when a dolphin comes back to the school . They talk when they play . They make a few sounds above water . They make many more sounds under water . People can hear these sounds because they are very high . Sometimes people catch dolphins for large aquariums . People can watch the dolphins in a show . Dolphins don't like to be in the aquarium , being away from their school . They are sad and lonely if they do so . There are many stories about dolphins . They help people . Sometimes they save someone's life . Many people believe that dolphins can bring good luck . Many people believe that dolphins can bring _ .
|
[
"good luck",
"health",
"wealth",
"danger"
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
I think it's really very good to be a doctor. On the one hand, you can save people; on the other hand, they share their experiences of life with you. I've been a doctor in Los Angeles. To be frank, my work is terribly busy but interesting. I can always meet patients in different conditions. One 'of my patients is a successful businessman. Cancer has changed his _ on life. " Happiness is like a cookie in a boy's hand, " he said. "If a young kid gets the cookie, everything will be good. With no cookie, life loses its color. When a boy becomes a man, the cookie may turn into money, a new car, or a beautiful house. " "It took me many years to understand that the cookie never makes you happy for long. If the cookie is in front of you, you may care for it. But sometimes you may not get a chance to eat it, and then you are busy trying not to lose it. Having the cookie is not what life is about. After having cancer, for me, the cookie starts to lose its meaning. It is the most important that you can live a happy life with or without the cookie, " he said. ,. From what the patient said we can learn that _ .
|
[
"money is the most important",
"happiness is the most important",
"success the most important",
"health is the most important"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
We have seen that humor and laughter positively influence our body in many ways, but little research has been done on whether a better sense of humor actually helps keep you from getting sick. However, since people with a better sense of humor have higher IgA levels, and since research has shown that those with higher levels of salivary IgA are less likely to get colds or be infected with Streptococcus, humor should reduce the frequency of colds. The only study to directly examine this question found that the impact of one's sense of humor upon colds depends on the kind of sense of humor you have. It was only individuals whose sense of humor took the form of seeking out and appreciating humor who had fewer and less severe colds/flu than their low humor counterparts. Surprisingly, those whose sense of humor took the form of initiating humor more often did not have fewer or less severe colds/flu. The researchers argued that being a person who likes to tell jokes or otherwise initiate humor takes them into more frequent contact with other people, which serves to expose them to infectious agents more often, robbing them of the advantage that a more active sense of humor otherwise offers. Obviously, more research is required to clear up this confusing picture. The importance of active use of one's sense of humor in producing humor's health benefits was confirmed in another study in an unusual way. It found that among a group of mothers with newborn infants, those who actively used humor to cope with the stress in their lives had fewer upper respiratory infections and their infants also had fewer infections. This seemed to be because these mothers had higher levels of immunoglobulin A (A) in their breast milk. Among adults, if we look at bodily symptoms alone, independent of any diagnosed illness, there is some evidence that individuals who have more negative reactions to humor report more bodily symptoms and complaints. Students complaining of cardiovascular symptoms and gastroenterological symptoms also have been shown to have this more negative reaction to humor. What does the passage mainly talk about?
|
[
"People with a good sense of humor get sick less often.",
"Humor can reduce the frequency of colds / flu.",
"Any form of humor can prevent people from getting sick.",
"Humor can treat illness."
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
William Herschel was born on November 15th, 1738 in Hanover in a family of musicians. In 1757,he fled to England and began earning a living as an organist and later composer and conductor. In 1772, he convinced his sister Caroline to join him as a singer. In their spare time the brother-sister team became occupied in astronomy. William died at his home in Slough, near Windsor on August 25th,1822,and Caroline on September 1st,1848. Herschel's first major discoveries were to show that Mars and Jupiter exhibit axial rotation . Herschel struck fame in 1781,when on March 13th he discovered the planet Uranus while engaged in work aimed at determining stellar parallax .This being the first new planet discovered since ancient times, Herschel, until then a mere amateur astronomer relatively unknown even in England, became world-famous. Adopting a historically proven strategy, Herschel named the new planet Georgium Sidum,in honor of the then ruling English king GeorgeIII. The trick worked once again, as King GeorgeIII gave William and Caroline the titles of"The King's Astronomer"and"Assistant to the King's Astronomer", an honor which came with a life's pension for both. In 1782 they moved to Bath, and shortly thereafter to Slough, and from this point on William and Caroline could devote themselves entirely to astronomy. The Herschels went on to discover two moons of Uranus in 1787. While Caroline became increasingly occupied with the search for comets at which she was quite successful, William became for a time interested in the Sun. Inspired by Wilson's 1774 work, he put forth the theory of sunspots ,an opinion that continued to exist well into the nineteenth century. In 1800,he became interested in the solar spectrum ,and uncovered the first evidence for solar energy output outside of the visible spectrum, in what is now known as the infrared .In 1801, he published two papers that effectively started the field of solar influences on Earth's weather. This passage mainly tells readers _ .
|
[
"some information about Herschel and his sister",
"how Herschel and his sister discovered the planet Uranus",
"Herschel and Caroline got along well with each other",
"Herschel and Caroline's major scientific publications"
] | 0A
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which of these would be the best representation of the particles in a solid material?
|
[
"The football players playing on the field.",
"The planes flying over the football stadium.",
"The spectators sitting in their seats at the football stadium.",
"The spectators arriving at the football stadium and moving to their seats."
] | 2C
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which are you more likely to have wath you at sny given mement--your cell phone or your wallet? Soon you may be able to throw your wallet away and pay for things with a quick wave of your smart phone over an electroue scannet. In January, Starbucks announced that customers could start using their phones to buy coffee in 6,800 of its states. This is the first pay-by-phone practice in the U.S., but we're likely to see more witeless payment alternatives as something called ucar field communcation(NFC)GETS IN TO America's consumet electanies. Last Deccmbet some new smart phanes which cantain an NFC chip were introduced to the public. Already in use in part of Asia and Europe, NFC allows shoppers to wave theie phones a few inchs above a payment terminal-a contact-free system build for speed and convenience. plan a few incees live a payment tetminal a one a few ptaht need to be worked out, like who will get to collect the profitable trunsacian fees. Although some credit card providers have been experimenting with wave and pay systems that use NFC enabled credit cards, cellphone service providers truay try to mused their way into the point of sale (POS)market. Three big cell phone service providers have formed a joinf tenture that will go into opention over the next 15 months. Its goal is"to lead the U.S. payments industry from cards to mobile phone." The other big NFC sue, apart from how paymeats will be processed, is security, For instance, what's to stop a thief from digitally pickpocketing you? "We're still not at the point where an attacker can just brush against yee in a crowd and steal all the money out of your phone,"says Jimmy Shah. A mobile security rescarcher, "Usera may also be able to set transaction timeits,requiring a password to be enteced for larger putchases. Bussiness? Keep in mund you lost your smart phone, it can be located on a located on a map and remotely disabled. Plus, your phone can be password protected, Your wallet isn't. The NFC technology can be used to _ .
|
[
"ensure the safety of shoppers",
"collect transaction fees easily",
"make purchase faster and smpler",
"improve the quality of cellphones"
] | 2C
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Travel is fun and exciting, but it's not if you get sick. You may think, "Not me, I won't get sick in my holiday." But, for many people, that is what happens. Of course you don't want to spend your holiday sick in bed. So what can you do to stay in good health? There are three things you should remember when you travel: relax, sleep, and eat well. A holiday must be a time for relaxing. But very often it is not. Think about what you do when you are a traveller. There are many places to visit: museums, shops, parks, churches. You may spend most days walking around these places. This can be very tiring. You may have a terrible headache after a few hours. If this is the way you feel, you should take a rest. Don't ask your body to do too much. A tired body means a weak body. And a weak body gets sick easily. So sit down for a few hours in a nice place. In good weather, look for a quiet park bench . Or you can stop at a cafe. You can learn a lot by watching people while you rest. Sleep is also important. If you want to stay healthy, you need to get enough sleep. You may have trouble sleeping at night when you travel. There may be too many noises in your hotel or the bed may be uncomfortable. If this is true, don't be afraid to change rooms or hotels. Or you may get enough sleep for another reason. You may want to stay out late at night. In many cities, the nightlife can be very exciting. Then you should plan to sleep for an hour during the day. The extra hour can make a big difference. Finally, if you want to stay healthy, you must eat the right kinds of foods but you need to be careful about how much you eat. Lots of food is not good for you. So, remember this, if you want to enjoy your holiday, take care of yourself. Give your body some rest. Get enough sleep and eat good, healthy food. Your body needs sleep to _
|
[
"enjoy the nightlife",
"stay strong and healthy",
"change hotels",
"learn a lot about a new place."
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
My sister Sharon and I look very different. She's tall, and I'm short. She has short curly dark (,) hair, and I have long straight blond hair. We both have dark eyes, but Sharon wears glasses, and I don't. And she always wears large earrings . I don't wear earring. Sharon and I do many things together . We watch movies together, and we often go shopping. We play tennis together every Saturday. Often, people don't know that Sharon and I are sisters, because we look so . But we are also good friends. The two sisters both _ .
|
[
"wear glasses",
"have blond hair",
"like earrings",
"have dark eyes"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Compare the motion of three ducks. Which duck was moving at the highest speed?
|
[
"a duck that moved 1,055kilometers south in 10hours",
"a duck that moved 610kilometers west in 10hours",
"a duck that moved 850kilometers south in 10hours"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Which is an example of a chemical reaction?
|
[
"nails rusting",
"glass melting",
"sugar dissolving",
"alcohol vaporizing"
] | 0A
|
college_chemistry
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The majority of the fresh water on Earth is frozen in glaciers and ice caps. If the climate changed around the world, causing glaciers and ice caps to melt, which situation would most likely occur?
|
[
"Land would become more fertile.",
"Air temperatures would decrease.",
"Ocean water would become saltier.",
"Land masses would become smaller."
] | 3D
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Labor force is defined as being the total number of people who are available to work and earn income. This definition includes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment, so it includes employers and the self-employed. Labor is one of the country's resources which can be combined with other resources to produce the goods and services wanted by the community. Although the size of the workforce depends a great deal on the size of the total population, there are several other influences which also affect it. The age distribution of the total population has a very marked effect on the available workforce. If the population has a high proportion of very young people or of those too old to work, then the available workforce would be lower than if there were a balanced spread age distribution. If the population naturally grows rapidly, the number of births greatly exceeds the number of deaths then as a total population increases proportion of the workforce declines. Sometimes a population is described as aging which means that the birth rate is either falling or growing very slowly, and as people retire from the workforce there are insufficient numbers of young people entering it to replace those who are leaving it. In that situation the population is top-heavy with older people. So the percentage of the population in the workforce declines when there is either a rapid increase in births or a falling birth rate. The age distribution of the population has several important effects on the economy. If the population is aging and there is an increase in the number of people retiring without a corresponding increase in the number entering the workforce, this raises the problem of the ability of the economy to provide a reasonable level of social services to the retired group. If the aged are to be cared for in special homes, finance must be available for that purpose. If the size of the workforce is small to the total population, then the government tax revenue is ly low and either the government has less money available to it or workforce members have to be taxed more heavily. When a population is said to be aging, _ .
|
[
"there are more people retiring than those entering the workforce",
"the birth rate in the area must be lower than that of death there",
"there should be an oversupply of the workforce members",
"there are more people entering the workforce than those retiring"
] | 0A
|
high_school_microeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What's this? It's P. What color is it? It's green. What's this and what color is it? It's E. It's yellow. What's this? It's N. It's red. What's this? It's a pen. Spell it,please. P--E---N. I have a blue pen. This my ruler. It's yellow. My jacket is black and my quilt is green. It's nice. My quilt is _
|
[
"red and green",
"yellow and nice",
"green and nice",
"blue and nice"
] | 2C
|
elementary_mathematics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which set of equipment would be best to use when investigating what is found in a sample of pond water?
|
[
"net, gloves, specimen bags",
"beaker, calculator, graph paper",
"microscope, eye dropper, slides",
"measuring tape, thermometer, clipboard"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
An Apple employee is in trouble after the prototype of its top-secret iPhone5 was left in a bar. The as yet unreleased prototype was supposedly "misplaced" at Cava22 in San Francisco. Apple's security team was called in after reports that it had been sold over the internet for PS120. However, technology website Cnet.co.uk reports that the San Francisco Police Department said Apple had not reported the item as lost. Cava22 owner Jose Valle has said that neither the SFPD nor Apple have contacted him, although he does remember getting calls about a lost iPhone last month. It follows a very similar incident in April 2010 when a then-unreleased iPhone4 was left in a beer garden of a German bar in California by an Apple engineer. The lost iPhone4 was also sold over the internet to the technology blog, which paid PS3,000. The incident led to Apple strengthening its already stiff security, for it seems difficult to believe that a virtually identical incident would happen for the second time in two years. It is _ that the iPhone prototypes have been lost in the recent years.
|
[
"the first time",
"the second time",
"the third time",
"the fourth time"
] | 1B
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The researchers used a national long-term survey of adolescent health to investigate the relationship between media use and depression. They based their findings on more than four thousand adolescents who were not depressed when the survey began in 2000. As part of the survey, the young people were asked how many hours of television or videos they watched daily. They were also asked how often they played computer games and listened to the radio. Media use totaled an average of five and one-half hours a day. More than two hours of that was spent watching TV. Seven years later, in 2007, more than seven percent of the young people had signs of depression. The average age at that time was twenty-one. The researchers say they did not find any such relationship with the use of other media such as movies, video games or radio, etc. But the study did find that every extra hour of television meant an eight percent increase in the chances of developing signs of depression. Young men were more likely than young women to develop depression given the same amount of media use. The study didn't explore if watching TV causes depression. But one possibility is that it was taking time away from activities that could help prevent depression. Last December, the journal Social Indicators Research published a study of activities that help lead to happy lives. Sociologists from theprefix = st1 /UniversityofMarylandfound that people who describe themselves as happy spend less time watching television than unhappy people. The study found that happy people are more likely to he socially active, to read, attend religious services and to vote. We can learn from the survey that of all the media use
|
[
"computer games are teenagers' favorite",
"most teenagers prefer to listen to the radio",
"teenagers enjoy watching TV very much",
"newspaper is not included in the survey"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The trucks begin to move at the same speed. Which truck needs a larger force to start moving?
|
[
"a mail truck carrying 350 pounds of mail",
"a mail truck carrying 500 pounds of mail"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
A 1. 6-meter tall robot may soon become the best friend for lonely elderly people,as Chinese scientists are making the final sprint toward its market launch ,said a senior researcher on the robot project on Saturday. "We are working on testing the exact functions and ways to reduce the cost in preparations for an expected market launch of the robot in two to three years,"said Li Ruifeng,a member of the project. He said the team hoped to reduce the cost so that the robot can be priced at 30,000 to 50,000 yuan,which is expected to be an affordable price for most of China's better-off families. The robot has been developed with the functions of fetching food,medicine,sounding alarms in case of water or gas leakage,sending texts or video images via wireless communications,and even singing a song or playing chess to entertain its masters. Li said that the robot,developed independently in China, has technology at the same level as those in western labs. China set about the research of the robot in 2007,when it was listed as a national key project. It is _ by government funding . China has the world's largest elderly population with 159 million people over 60,accounting for 12 percent of its total population. According to a survey by the Ministry of Civil Affairs,more than 10 million caregivers and nurses are needed to attend the elderly population,as most of Chinese elderly prefer to live their retired lives at home. The passage mainly talked about_.
|
[
"the problems of Chinese elderly population",
"the advantages of the Robot caregivers",
"robot caregivers for the elderly to lilt market",
"the government's attention to the elderly"
] | 2C
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Sally Ride was born in California in 1951. She was the first American woman to travel into space. She loved to play tennis and wanted to be a tennis player when she was young. But after three months' professional training, she changed her mind. She went to Stanford University and started to study science. She studied stars and planets. She did researches at the university and got her PhD in astrophysics after several years' hard work. In 1977, she took a test to become an astronaut. And then she was picked up from over 8,000 people. In order to realise her dream of going into space, she had to get different kinds of special and difficult training. She learned how to fly a plane, how to jump out of a plane as well as how to operate special machines Sally and four other astronauts flew a spaceship called Challenger on Jun. 18, 1983. She became the first American woman to travel into space. Later, she taught at the University of California. Then she wrote seven books on space for children, encouraging children to study science. Unfortunately, she died in 2012. What did Sally Ride want to do at first?
|
[
"She wanted to study stars.",
"She wanted to study science.",
"She wanted to play tennis.",
"She wanted to do researches."
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A group of fifteen-year-old students at Sunshine School are holding a charity sale to raise money to help their classmate Lisa. Lisa had cerebral palsy when she was a baby. People who have cerebral palsy have trouble walking. Although Lisa has to use a wheelchair to help her get around, she never gives up. And she is always ready to help others. "Lisa has the chance of standing up, but she needs an operation which will cost lots of money." Lisa's doctor said. "I never thought that I could stand up one day. Actually the news is surprising for me. However, when I see my parents are worried about the cost of the operation, I am sad. I am used to my life. I don't mind if I can't stand up." Lisa said. "Now my classmates and some other kind people are helping me. I am really thankful. If I stood up one day, I could try my best to help more people." "While helping Lisa, we can also learn a lot. We have learned how to cook cookies and how to sell them," Betty, one of Lisa's classmates said. "Now we know making money is not easy, so we won't waste money anymore." Alex, a boy in Lisa's class, told a reporter that they could raise about $100 every day. "We have raised about $2,100 so far. We hope we will raise more money for Lisa's operation." he said. What can you know from the passage?
|
[
"Lisa is so nervous.",
"Lisa is lucky because many people are helping her.",
"The doctor has no confidence in Lisa's operation.",
"Lisa's classmates have made enough money for Lisa's operation."
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
We've used the wind as an energy source for a long time. The Babylonians and Chinese were using wind power to pump water for irrigating crops 4,000 years ago, and sailing boats were around long before that. Wind power was used in the Middle Ages, in Europe, to grind corn, which is where the term "windmill" comes from. We can use the energy in the wind by building a tall tower, with a large propeller on the top. The wind blows the propellor round, which turns a generator to produce electricity. We tend to build many of these towers together, to make a "wind farm" and produce more electricity. The more towers, the more wind, and the larger the propellors, the more electricity we can make. It's only worth building wind farms in places that have strong, steady winds, although boats and caravans increasingly have small wind generators to help keep their batteries charged. The best places for wind farms are in coastal areas, at the tops of rounded hills, open plains and gaps in mountains - places where the wind is strong and reliable. Some are offshore. To be worthwhile, you need an average wind speed of around 25 km/h. Most wind farms in the UK are in Cornwall or Wales. Isolated places such as farms may have their own wind generators. In California, several "wind farms" supply electricity to homes around Los Angeles. The propellors are large, to obtain energy from the largest possible volume of air. The blades can be angled to cope with varying wind speeds. Some designs use vertical turbines , which don't need to be turned to face the wind. The towers are tall, to get the propellors as high as possible, up to where the wind is stronger. This means that the land beneath can still be used for farming. The best places for building the wind farm are places where _ .
|
[
"boats and caravans can often be seen",
"isolated farms don't have enough electricity",
"there are less human activities",
"the wind is strong and reliable"
] | 3D
|
electrical_engineering
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When we have small cuts in the skin , something strange may happen. The cuts are able to heal themselves in a couple of days. How does this happen? Read on, and you will find out the secret. Every living thing on the earth is made up of cells . Cells grow and make new cells. Most cells are very small and we can't see them with our eyes. Different cells have different uses. Our skin cells are special ones. The cells on the outside of our skin are old dead cells. New skin cells are right under the outside. These are the living skin cells. They work for our bodies. They help protect our bodies and heal cuts. Our bodies make skin cells all the time. As the old cells fall off, new cells grow in the same place. Each person makes about 18 kg of skin cells during his or her life. Outside skin cells fit together closely with no _ between them. When you cut yourself, you can harm your skin cells. A small cut will not be harmful. Your skin will quickly heal itself by making new skin cells. How do skin cells work? First, the cells near the cut get bigger and move into the gap. Next, these bigger cells meet in the middle. They form a new layer of skin cells. Finally, new cells will grow until the gap disappears. In this way, your skin can grow and get well itself. How amazing the small cells are! Next time you have a cut, don't worry about it. Maybe in a few days, you will be surprised to find it healed. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
|
[
"Each person can make 18 kg of skin cells every day.",
"Different cells have different uses in our bodies.",
"The skin cells have little work to do in the body.",
"Every living thing on the earth is made up of skin cells"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Please read and discuss the following information.We ask for your support in making 2008~2009 the best school year for everyone!If you have questions,please call us. STUDENT IDENTIFICATION BADGES Please remind your child to have his/her school ID badge on every school day from 8:00 a.m.~2:40 p.m..Each student is given an ID badge at the beginning of the school year. NO PHONE MESSAGES FOR STUDENTS Only calls about Extreme Emergencies such as death or serious illness will be taken for students.A question about where something is at home or other messages about picking up brother/sister will be given to the student after school. STUDENT ABSENCES Parents must telephone the school,6538100,BEFORE,OR THE DAY OF,the student's absence.Notes from parents are NOT accepted.An answering machine is on before and after school hours for you. OPEN HOUSE We hope you will come to our Open House at 6:30 p.m. on Thursday,September 11th.We will have a meeting in the Auditorium,and after the meeting,parents will follow your child's schedule. PARENT/TEACHER CONFERENCES Please attend the Parent/Teacher Conferences on November 5th & 6th (3:30~6:30 p.m.).Teachers will discuss your child's behavior and grades with you. DATES TO REMEMBER Aug.18.............................First Day of School Sep.1...............................Labor Day (NO SCHOOL) Sep.11..............................Open House Nov.5 & 6...........................Parent/Teacher Conferences Nov.26~28.........................Thanksgiving Holiday (NO SCHOOL) Dec.22 through Jan.4...............Winter Break (NO SCHOOL) Jan.5....................................Return to School Mar.23~29............................Spring Break (NO SCHOOL) Mar.30..................................Return to School May.29..................................Last Day of School According to the passage,students will not go to school on _ .
|
[
"September 1",
"September 11",
"December 5",
"March 30"
] | 0A
|
high_school_statistics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartment. Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects. Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits. Therefore, they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits. They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent-controlled. As a result, new apartments are not built. Many people who need apartments cannot find any. According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city. Some experts argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way. The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers. The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled, low-paying jobs. However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers. They will replace workers with machinery. Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases. Thus, critics hold the opinion that an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment. Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage. Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity. Because of the law, workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum. Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages. Economic theory predicts the results of economic decision, such as decisions about farm production, rent control, and the minimum wage. The predictions may be corrected only if "other things are equal". Economists do not agree on some of the predictions. They also do not agree on the value of different decisions. Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it. Economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic questions. We can safely say that rent control _ .
|
[
"will always benefit those who rent apartments.",
"is unnecessary.",
"will probably bring inactive effects in the long run.",
"is necessary under all conditions"
] | 2C
|
high_school_microeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
You know that balloons must be kept away from sharp objects. They also needed to be kept away from flames. A fire can weaken the rubber and cause it to break. However, in this experiment you will find out how you can hold a balloon directly in a flame without breaking the balloon. Materials needed: * two round balloons not inflated * several matches * water Inflate one of the balloons and tie it. Place 1/4 cup of water in the other balloon, and then inflate it and tie it. Light a match and hold it under the first balloon. Allow the flame to touch the balloon. What happens? The balloon breaks, perhaps even before the flame touches it. Light another match. Hold it directly under the water in the second balloon. Allow the flame to touch the balloon. What happens to this balloon? It doesn't break. Why does the balloon with no water break in the flame? The flame heats the rubber of both balloons. The rubber of the balloon without water becomes so hot that it becomes too weak to _ the pressure of the air inside the balloon. However, when the balloon with water in it is placed in the flame, the water takes in most of the heat from the flame. Then, the rubber of the balloon doesn't become very hot, it doesn't weaken, and the balloon doesn't break. Water is a particularly good absorber of heat. It takes a lot of heat to change the temperature of water. On the other hand, when water cools, it gives off a great deal of heat. That's why areas near oceans or other large bodies of water don't get as cold in winter as areas at the same latitude further inland. From the passage we can know the following aspects of the experiment except _ .
|
[
"method",
"material",
"result",
"time"
] | 3D
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which object has more thermal energy?
|
[
"a 200-gram glass of apple juice at a temperature of 15°C",
"a 200-gram glass of apple juice at a temperature of 10°C"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Select the one animal that has all of the monotreme traits listed above.
|
[
"Hippopotamuses have small hairs near their mouths and ears, but most of their skin is hairless. Their skin makes a reddish-brown substance that acts like sunscreen! Hippopotamuses give birth to live offspring.",
"Platypuses have fur and a rubbery bill that looks similar to a duck's beak. A platypus uses its bill to find food. Young platypuses hatch from eggs. After hatching, they drink milk from their mother."
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Astronomy is the oldest science known to man. Thousands of years ago man looked at the stars and wondered about the heavens. But man was limited by what he could see with his eyes alone. The Greeks studied astronomy over 2,000 years ago. They could see the size, color, and brightness of a star. They could see its place in the sky. They watched the stars move as the seasons changed. But the Greeks had no tools to help themselves study the heavens. Each new tool added to the field of astronomy helped man reach out into space. They did not know that the planet called Saturn had rings around it. Their sight was so limited that they could not see all the planets. In the early 1700s, people thought there were only six planets. Nepture , the last of eight planets to be discovered, was not seen until 1846. Before the spectroscope , man did not know what kind of gases was in the sun or other stars. Without the radio telescope, we didn't know that radio noises came from far out in space. Today, astronomy is a growing science. We had learned more in the last fifty years than in the whole history of astronomy. . Which of the following sentences is NOT true?
|
[
"Astronomy is the oldest science that humans have known.",
"Astronomy is developing fast with the help of technology.",
"In the early 1700s, people didn't know the existence of Neptune.",
"Over 2,000 years ago, the Greeks knew the planet Saturn had rings around it."
] | 3D
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In a nation with a one-child family planning policy, it's understandable for parents to worry over whether they are petting their children. Are the children truly as fragile as sometimes made out to be? The concern has been brought into focus with the popularity of a hit reality TV series, Hunan TV's Dad! Where Are We Going? and Zhejiang TV's First Time In Life. In both, children as young as three have become new public figures. In the show First Time In Life, children chosen from ordinary families are given small tasks to complete by themselves;the ongoing Dad! show centers on five celebrity fathers and their children who are forced to live a simple life in rural areas, far outside their comfort zone. Regardless of their family background, the children's reactions to new environments have struck the public. In one episode of Dad! , the five-year-old daughter of former Olympic diving champion Tian Liang cries and hides behind her father when they arrive at a rural village. In an episode of the other series, a young girl in Tianjin breaks down into a tearful fit after being asked by her father to go out alone to buy eggs and a pancake. In the eyes of some observers, these kids show no sense of independence, and the reason is put down to parents who are overly sheltering. But television viewers and parents were heartened when the sobbing Tianjin girl finally wiped away her tears as she returned holding the pancake. In the case of Tian's daughter, she eventually began to take care of her younger companions and learned to seek help from people she didn't know. The father of the Tianjin girl felt "delightfully shocked" and said. "She used to have to be accompanied by her mother or grandmother. Now she has the courage to do it all by herself. " The shows have led many parents to change how they raise their children. Shanghai mother Liang Jing said she would try to "give some training" to her shy son, asking him to tidy up his toys. Lin Yi, a parenting expert in Beijing, said giving kids a chance to do things for themselves helps to raise their sense of achievement, which carries benefits throughout their lives. " The children in the two programs are different in_.
|
[
"family background",
"age group",
"personality",
"popularity"
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Dear David, I'm glad you would like to share your feelings with me.It's hardly surprising that your feelings of not being "grown up" have come on strongly at this point in your life,just before you're about to become a father.You are asking:will I make a good father?How will I cope? Should I have brought another little person into the world? Can l provide for it? Help! I think nearly every sensitive about-to-be-parent must have these occasional feelings of self-doubt and inadequacy before the birth and it would be most unusual if you didn't share them.It's difficult,honestly,to feel grown-up unless you have something less grown-up to relate to. The boss with a hen-pecking wife may feel like a seven-year-old when he's at home.But as he walks through the office door,and knows he's going to be surrounded by staff looking to him for Advice,he grows into a fully mature man.And I think it's a mistake to imagine that we all feel,as we age,a kind of progression of states,from the baby to the adult.Most people feel,on Tuesday,about three years old,and on a Wednesday,around 80. There's a common remark that "all men are little boys",but it's not true.It's more true that men often behave like little boys.But nearly all people,at some moments in their lives,are capable of groat maturity. Once your baby arrives,you'll soon feel less childlike,or rather,less often.When your child tries to put its fingers into the electric plug,the adult in you will rise up to prevent it.You'll see you have very little in common with a needy child,particularly if it's looking to you for comfort and support. Comfort yourself,David,with two truths.One is that your friends laugh when they talk about this subject because they,like you,feel frightened.And remember that people who haven't grown up don't go around talking about the fact that they don't feel grown-up. Hope my advice will be helpful and good luck to you and your little one. Yours sincerely Miss Advice Miss Advice holds that _ .
|
[
"all men behave like little boys",
"people tend to laugh at the subject",
"men with a baby feel more grown-up",
"people enjoy talking about their immaturity"
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
It's about the size of a small slim upside down goat, if you can imagine such a thing.The sloth really is not only one of the laziest, but one of the strangest of the strangest of mammals.It spends most of its life asleep.But even when it's awake, it only moves very slowly. There are two main kinds defined by the number of toes that they have on their font legs.It's the three-toed which has really slothful habits, and the one that interests me most.You're not likely to have seen it in zoos, for unlike the two-toed which will rat all kinds of vegetables and fruits,, the three-toed is really picky and will only accept leaves and fruits of a few particular kinds, which few zoos can supply.And in any case, it doesn't make an exactly fascinating exhibit, since it spends most of its tile sleeping. When the skins and skeletons of this extraordinary beast reaches Europe, artists given the task of illustrating the species in natural history books, showed it standing upright on its four thin legs, even though thee hooks on its feet and the fur on its body all pointed very obviously in what you might call the wrong way.After all, the artists must have said to themselves, it would be too ridiculous to show it as animal that spent all its life upside down. Sloths are only capable of a faint wheeze and occasional whistle.These sounds are probably only made to deter a meat-eater like a lion, and certainly not to communicate with one another, for sloths are virtually stone deaf.It's said that an enthusiastic zoologist investigating the hearing ability of sloths fired his gun close to _ .It slowly raised its head, blinked at the scientist, and then went back to sleep again. The experiment of an enthusiastic zoologist shows that _ .
|
[
"how slow a sloth can be",
"sloths have very poor hearing",
"sloths are sleepy all the time",
"sloths are not easily disturbed"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Compare the motion of three bicycles. Which bicycle was moving at the lowest speed?
|
[
"a bicycle that moved 115miles east in 10hours",
"a bicycle that moved 120miles west in 10hours",
"a bicycle that moved 280miles north in 10hours"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Based on this information, what is Cleo's phenotype for the fur color trait?
|
[
"light fur",
"dark fur"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
A new study has discovered that meditation and oxygen sport together reduce depression .The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination, done twice a week for only two months,reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40 percent. "We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non--depressed students,"said lead author Dr.Brandon Alderman."It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression." Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect in _ depression.Alderman and Dr.Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training (MAP)enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them. Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport.They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing,enabling those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention. Shors,who studies the production of new brain cells in the hippocampus--part of the brain involved in memory and learning--says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive. The idea for the human intervention came from her laboratory studies,she says,with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events. By learning to focus their attention and exercise,people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past,Shors says. "We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health."said Alderman."The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any time and at no cost." What is Shors'main purpose of her studies?
|
[
"To find out certain brain cells of humans.",
"To study the production of new brain cells.",
"To offer people a new method to treat stress.",
"To decide the links between stress and exercise."
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A wolf would eat
|
[
"an ibex",
"a mountain",
"a tree",
"a cloud"
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Where is Love? How can we find Love? Once a little boy wanted to meet Love. He knew it was a long trip to where Love lived, so he got his things ready with some pizzas and drinks and started off. When he passed three streets, he saw an old woman sitting in the park and watching some birds. She looked very hungry. The boy gave her a pizza. She took it and smiled at him. The smile was so beautiful that he wanted to see it again, so he gave her a Coke. She smiled once again. The boy was very happy. They sat there all the afternoon, eating and smiling, but they said nothing. When it grew dark, the boy decided to leave. But before he had gone more than a few steps, he turned around, ran back to the old woman and gave her a hug. The woman gave him her biggest smile ever. When the boy opened the door of his house, his mother was surprised by the look of joy on his face and asked what had made him so happy. "I had lunch with Love. She has got the most beautiful smile in the world." At the same time, the old woman,s son was also surprised at his mother,s pleasure and asked why. "I ate a pizza in the park with Love," she said, "and he is much younger than I expected." If the world is full of love, we can enjoy a better life. The old woman gave the little boy the biggest smile _ .
|
[
"after the little boy went home",
"before it grew dark",
"when she was drinking Coke",
"after the little boy hugged her"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In China ,with the development of society, more and more people are annoyed at the continually rising house prices. They want to know who is to blame for it. Local governments,developers and speculators share a vested interest in it. People who are really in need of homes are most likely to suffer heavy losses. Many local governments depend on selling land to keep its normal operation. The higher land prices,the more money. Therefore,developers back the local governments by buying land at high prices. In return,the governments make favorable policies to help the developers. For example,drive all the possible home buyers to this nasty market. They even encourage large numbers of speculators to catch more people. Rising house prices have already become the fence which divides the Chinese society. It has caused widespread dissatisfaction. The government will lose the support of the common people if leaving house prices out of control. Besides,rising house prices will stop us building the new countryside as the present policy actually forbid people to flow freely from cities to the countryside. Collecting taxes on houses can fundamentally solve this problem. On one hand,it will discourage the speculators. On the other hand,it will offer a stable tax resource apart from reducing the sales cost of the developers. secondly,stop the developers selling the houses before completion. If so,the developers will certainly try their best to sell all their houses once completed. And this will also lower speculators' expectation of price rising,which will decrease speculations. The local governments reward the developers by _ .
|
[
"making favorable policies",
"allowing sales in advance",
"providing enough buyers",
"offering enough land"
] | 0A
|
high_school_macroeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Guide to Stockholm University Library Our library offers different types of studying places and provides a good studying environment. Zones The library is divided into different zones. The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent reading, and places where you can sit and work with your own computer. The reading places consist mostly of tables and chairs. The ground floor is the zone where you can talk. Here you can find sofas and armchairs for group work. Computers You can use your own computer to connect to the wi-fi specially prepared for notebook computers; you can also use library computers, which contain the most commonly used applications, such as Microsoft Office. They are situated in the area known as the Experimental Field on the ground floor. Group-study Places If you want to discuss freely without disturbing others, you can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground floor. Some study rooms are for 2-3 people and others can hold up to 6-8 people. All rooms are marked on the library maps. There are 40 group-study rooms that must be booked via the website. To book, you need an active University account and a valid University card. You can use a room three hours per day, nine hours at most per week. Storage of study material The library has lockers for students to store course literature. When you have obtained at least 40 credits , you may rent a locker and pay 400 SEK for a year's rental period. Rules to be followed Mobile phone conversations are not permitted anywhere in the library. Keep your phone on silent as if you were in a lecture and exit the library if you need to receive calls. Please note that food and fruit are forbidden in the library, but you are allowed to have drinks and sweets with you. What should NOT be brought into the library?
|
[
"Mobile phones",
"Orange juice",
"Candy",
"Sandwiches"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Green invaders are taking over America. Not invaders from space, but plants! You might not think of plants as dangerous, but in this case they are threatening nature's delicate food chain. The invaders are plants brought here from other countries to make gardens and yards look pretty. Ever since people started to arrive on America's shores, they have carried along trees, flowers, and vegetables from other places. Now there are so many of those plants, they are crowding out the native plants that have lived here since before human settlers arrived. And that's a problem, says Dr. Doug Tallamy. He's insect expert at the University of Delaware. He explains that almost all the plant-eating insects in the United States are specialized, which means they eat only certain plants. Monarch butterfly caterpillars ,for example, dine on milkweed. If people cut down milkweed and replace it with another plant, the butterflies will not have the food source that they need to survive. But the trouble doesn't stop there. When insects can't get the right plants to eat and they die off, then the birds don't have enough bugs for their meals. Tallamy points out that almost all migrating birds depend on insets to feed their young. "We cannot let the plants and animals around us disappear." says Tallamy, "The way to preserve them is to give them food to eat. But when we plant non-native plants, we are _ the food chain, because then we don't have the insects the birds need to live." Fewer of the right plants mean fewer bugs, and fewer bugs mean fewer birds. And that's bad for the Earth, because we need a variety of living things to keep the planet healthy and beautiful. The good news is, garden centers sell native plants. "Just Google 'native plants' and your location, and you can find out which plants really belong where you live," says Tallamy How did green invades arrive at America?
|
[
"They fell down from space.",
"They floated to the America's shores.",
"They were brought in from foreign countries",
"They has lived here since human settlers arrived"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Malaria, the world's most widespread parasitic disease, kills as many as three million people every year--almost all of whom are under five, very poor, and African. In most years, more than five hundred million cases of illness result from the disease, although exact numbers are difficult to assess because many people don't (or can't) seek care. It is not unusual for a family earning less than two hundred dollars a year to spend a quarter of its income on malaria treatment, and what they often get no longer works. In countries like Tanzania, Mozambique, and the Gambia, no family, village, hospital, or workplace can remain unaffected for long. Malaria starts suddenly, with violent chills, which are soon followed by an intense fever and, often, headaches. As the parasites multiply, they take over the entire body. Malaria parasites live by eating the red blood cells they infect. They can also attach themselves to blood vessels in the brain. If it doesn't kill you, malaria can happen again and again for years. The disease passed on to humans by female mosquitoes infected with one of four species of parasite. Together, the mosquito and the parasite are the most deadly couple in the history of the earth--and one of the most successful. Malaria has five thousand genes, and its ability to change rapidly to defend itself and resist new drugs has made it nearly impossible to control. Studies show that mosquitoes are passing on the virus more frequently, and there are more outbreaks in cities with large populations. Some of the disease's spread is due to global warming. For decades, the first-choice treatment for malaria parasites in Africa has been chloroquine, a chemical which is very cheap and easy to make. Unfortunately, in most parts of the world, malaria parasites have become resistant to it. Successful alternatives that help prevent resistance are already available, but they have been in short supply and are very expensive. If these drugs should fail, nobody knows what would come next. Which of the following may be the reason for the wide spread of the disease?
|
[
"Its outbreaks in cities with large populations.",
"Its ability to pass on the virus frequently.",
"Its resistance to global warming.",
"Its ability to defend itself and resist new drugs."
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
My name is Paul Miller. I was too fat before, but now I do not have this problem. My doctor tells me to jog . So early every morning I run for two miles before breakfast. I do not run fast, but I do not stop to rest. People call me a jogger. There are many joggers on my street. We often run together in the park or along the road. Jogging helps to keep us strong and healthy. Jogging is very popular in the United States. People like to feel well and look nice. Some people do not jog, but they do not get fat. They work hard on their jobs and they do not need to run before they go to work. Do you want to jog? Go to your doctor first. Your doctor can tell you something about jogging. My doctor tells me to eat only three meals a day. I feel healthy and my doctor is happy because I jog every day and I do not eat anything before or after meals. _ tells Paul Miller to jog.
|
[
"No one",
"A PE teacher",
"A doctor",
"A jogger"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Children in the United States eat too much pizza that some researchers now argue the food should join the ranks of sugary drinks and fast food for the harm they do to health. In a new study, the researchers found that pizza is a large source of calories, saturated fat and salt in children's diets.Children should not eat more than two slices of pizza for a meal,and should pair that with salad, rather than with another high-calorie food,the researchers concluded. "Parents should aim to control pizza consumption , particularly as a snack where it was shown to have a very adverse impact on children, and they should put their pizza dollars toward healthier brands."Said Lisa Powel, director of the Illinois Prevention Research Center. Pizza has become a matter of focus in recent years for researchers who look at the meals children eat, rather than the nutrients within them.Studies have found pizza is among the greatest sources of calories for children. "Since pizza remains a common part of children's diet, we need to make 'healthy' pizza."Powel said.To make pizza healthier, food producers should reduce its saturated fat and salt, and increase its whole grain content," she said. Whether or not pizza is harmful enough to be picked out as an unhealthy food, the study attracts attention to a larger issue with the modern American lifestyle, said Alexis Tindall, who was not involved in the flow research. "Many foods are eaten too frequently and in large sizes," said Tindall.To solve the problem, people don't have to give up eating pizza, but instead, they can eat smaller and healthier pizza,"she said. "Make it at home, instead of ordering it out where you don't have any control over how it's made." Tindall said. "When we make it at home, we can choose healthier ingredients,increase the vegetables, reduce fat, and put in less cheese.Pizza doesn't have to be just pepperoni and cheese." According to the research, children shouldn't eat _ .
|
[
"more than two slices of pizza in a day",
"two slices of pizza for a meal",
"pizza along with salad",
"more pizza with French fries"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
My 11-year-old son and I rides bikes to and from his school every day. I accompany him on the 20-minute ride through Manhattan, drop him off and return at the end of day to pick him up. We always ride together; sometimes he leads; sometimes I do. And as we ride, we communicate the ways to minimize the dangers: Don't go too fast, and watch out for doors suddenly swinging out from parked cars and jaywalking pedestrians, etc. Some friends worry about the risk of riding in traffic, but is there a better way to let my son know how to deal with traffic dangers? But recently he requested me to start hanging back a half block or so. This way he could enjoy the feeling of riding on his own, with the security of knowing that I was nearby in case he needed me. This is healthy, of course, as my son needs space to develop independence in preparation for his inevitable (,) departure from home. However, that means soon he will want to ride to school on his own, and I will no longer have this wonderful routine. "Let your children go if you want to keep them." I understand this and am trying to let my son go in age-appropriate phases, but I still suffer. It's one of the most troubling experiences of parenthood -- recognizing that your presence is becoming less welcome. My dilemma as a husband mirrors the concern I feel as a parent. My wife has just left on a six-month mission to cover the situation in Libya. In the days leading up to her departure, we spoke openly about the possibility, however unlikely, that she might be killed. But while I influence her decisions, I do not control them. Finally, it was her decision. I know that letting go is the wisest path in this case too. As we travel through life's phases, we must let go of so much. And I don't think it gets easier with practice. But maybe just accepting that eventually we will have to let go is the secret to living a full life. Why does the writer accompany his son on his daily ride to school?
|
[
"To build up his strength.",
"To teach his son to ride in traffic.",
"To tell his son the way to school.",
"To communicate more with his son."
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The rate law for the reaction of 2 A + B → 2 P is
|
[
"impossible to determine without experimental data",
"[A]2[B]",
"k[A]2[B]",
"second order with respect to A"
] | 0A
|
high_school_chemistry
|
mmlu
|
Internet reports of whales sounding like people are not new. But in this case in San Diego, California, scientists for the first time recorded the utterances, did an acoustic analysis and were surprised to find a rhythm similar to that of human speech, Sam Ridgway of the National Marine Mammal Foundation reported on Monday. The sounds marking is quite special : Whales make sounds through the system of the nose, unlike people, who use their throat. So this particular with whale had to make some tricky muscular and blowhole adjustments. "Such obvious effort suggests motivation for relatin", said Ridway, the main author of a study featured in the journal Current Biology. "The sounds we heard were clearly an example of vocal learning by the white whale." The wale, named Noc, died five years ago. Ridgway says that back in 1984, he and others started hearing sounds near the whale and dolphin enclosure that recalled two people speaking in the distance, too far away to be understood. The sounds were later traced to one particular white whale when a diver in its tank came to the surface because he thought he heard colleagues tell him to do so. Noc had lived among dolphins and other white whales and had often been in the presence of humans. The whale made human-like sounds for around four years until it reached the age of sexual maturity, Ridgway said. It can be inferred from the text that _ .
|
[
"whales and dolphins like helping humans",
"whales might inntate human voice",
"man paid attention to whales 100 years ago",
"whales will be able to communicate with humans"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In order for a glider to fly, its weight must be opposed by
|
[
"lift.",
"drag.",
"gravity.",
"friction."
] | 0A
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which measurement describes the motion of a rubber ball?
|
[
"5 cm",
"10 m/s",
"15 newtons",
"50 grams"
] | 1B
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Some people believe that classes, teachers and school buildings will no longer be necessary in the near future because of the Internet and other new technology. Perhaps this will be true one day, but if the world has no schools, I can't imagine how our society will be. In fact, we should learn how to use new technology to make schools better. We should invent a new kind of school connected to libraries, museums, science centers, labs and even companies. Technological companies should create learning programs for schools. Scientists could give talks through the Internet. TV networks and local stations could develop programs about things students are studying in school. Labs could set up websites to show new technology, so students could see it on the Internet. Is this a dream? No. There have been many cities where this is beginning to happen. Here the whole city is connected to the Internet, and learning can take place at home, at school, and in the office. Businesses provide programs for the schools and the society. The schools provide computer labs for people without their own computers at home. Because everyone can go on the Internet, older people use it as much as younger ones, and everyone can visit faraway libraries and museums as easily as nearby ones. How will this new thing of school change the usual way of learning? It is a little early to be sure, but it is very exciting to think about it. Technology will change the way we learn; schools will change as well; and we will learn something from the Internet. Why do people think learning can take place at home, at school, and in the office?
|
[
"Because whole city is connected to the Internet.",
"Because everyone can go on the Internet.",
"Because getting online is very easy.",
"Because Scientists could give talks through the Internet."
] | 0A
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The evolution of the first animals may have oxygenated Earth's oceans. New research led by the University of Exeter challenges the long held belief that oxygenation of the atmosphere and oceans was a precondition for the evolution of complex life forms. The study, published in the journal Nature Geoscience, builds on the recent work of scientists in Denmark who found that sponges the first animals to evolverequire only small amounts of oxygen. Professor Tim Lenton of the University of Exeter, who led the new study, said: "We argue that the evolution of the first animals could have played a key role in the widespread oxygenation of the deep oceans. This in turn may have the evolution of more complex, mobile animals." Critical to determining oxygen levels in the deep ocean is the balance of oxygen supply and demand. Demand for oxygen is created by the sinking of dead organic material into the deep ocean. The new study argues that the first animals reduced this supply of organic matterboth directly and indirectly. Sponges feed by pumping water through their bodies, "digesting" the tiny particles of organic matter, and thus helping oxygenate the shelf seas that they live in. By oxygenating more of the bottom waters, the first animals actually increased the removal of the essential nutrient phosphorus in the ocean. This in turn reduced the productivity of the whole ocean ecosystem, lowering oxygen demand and thus oxygenating the deep ocean. A more oxygen-rich ocean created ideal conditions for more complex mobile animals to evolve, because they have a higher requirement for oxygen. These included the first predatory animals with guts that started to eat one another, marking the beginning of the type of food webs we are familiar with today. Professor Simon Poulton of the University of Leeds, who is a co-author of the study, added: "This study provides a possible mechanism for ocean oxygenation without the requirement for a rise in atmospheric oxygen. It therefore questions whether the long-standing belief that there was a major rise in atmospheric oxygen at this time is correct. We simply don't know the answer to this at present, which is ultimately key to understanding how our planet evolved to its current habitable state. Geochemists need to come up with new ways to explain oxygen levels on the early Earth." The main purpose of the passage is to _ .
|
[
"present the view that the first animals played an active role in oxygenating oceans",
"introduce two opposite opinions on how the first animals oxygenated oceans",
"analyze how atmospheric oxygen stepped up the evolution of oceanic animals",
"explain how oceanic oxygen determines the amount of atmospheric oxygen"
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Every country has its own way of cooking.Ameri can people have their own way of cooking,don't they?Most people in the United states like fast food,but if you think that American people don't 1 ike cooking,you are wrong.It's true that most Americans eat fast food for their breakfast and lunch,but they also think cooking is interesting.Parents see the importance of teaching their children how to cook,and most Americans say that home--cooked meals are the best. Americans have their own way of cooking.For example,baking is the most popular way of cooking in America.Most American families have ovens .American cooks pay attention to the balance of food.When planning a big meal,they try to cook meat,a few vegetab]es,some bread and sweet food.They also like to make the meal look beautiful.There are so many kinds of colorful foods,so the meal is healthy and look beautiful,too. Which is TRUE according to the passage?
|
[
"The meal looks beautiful because the foods are in different colors.",
"American people only cook at home in the evening.",
"American parents don't like to teach their children to cook.",
"Most people in the United states don't 1ike fast food at a11."
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Scientists believe that one of our most important means of knowing what is going on around us is the sense of sound. We are warned of danger by sounds. Sounds serve to please us in music. Sound has a waste product, too, in the form of noise. Noise has been called unwanted sound. Noise is growing and it may get much worse before it gets any better. In order to know how noise affects people and animals, scientists have been studying for several years. They are surprised by what they have learned. Peace and quiet are becoming harder to find. Noise pollution is a threat that should be looked at carefully. Sounds is measured in units called decibels . At a level of 140 decibels people feel pain in their ears. Trucks , buses , motorcycles, airplanes, boats, factories---all these things make noise. They trouble not only our ears, but minds and bodies as well. There is a saying that it is so noisy that you can't hear yourself think. Doctors who study noise believe that we must sometimes hear ourselves think. If we don't, we may have headaches, other aches and pains, or even worse mental problems. Noise adds more tension to a society that has already faced enough stress. When sound is turned into noise, _ .
|
[
"people grow worse and worse",
"it makes us forget all the past",
"people don't know what to do with everyday life",
"it will be a kind of pollution to people"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Ellen Parker was worried about her health. She couldn't walk very quickly and it was difficult for her to climb stairs,she was soon out of breath. "I suppose I had better go to the doctor," she thought. She went to the doctor and told him her problem. "I'm not at all surprised," he said. "It's clear what your problem is." He examined her and then gave her some advice. "If you don't do what I say,Mrs Parker," he said,"then you will have a heart attack. It could kill you. " Ellen was very worried as she left the doctor's. She knew that she had to take his advice but that it would not be easy and that it would take time. The next day she went shopping.The first shop she went into was a butcher's shop. "I'd like ten pounds of steak,please," she said. "Certainly,madam," the butcher replied and went into the cold storage room and found a large piece of steak. He brought the huge piece of meat back into the shop and placed it on the scale . "That's just under ten pounds," he said. The butcher worked out the price. "At $4.99 a pound that will be $45.50 please. Shall I cut it up into small pieces for you?" "Oh,I don't want to buy the meat," Mrs Parker said. "If you don't want to buy it," the butcher replied,"why did you ask me to get it for you?" "I just wanted to see what 10 pounds of meat looked like. " Mrs Ellen Parker's real problem was that _ .
|
[
"she ate too much steak",
"she couldn't walk quickly",
"she weighed too much",
"she couldn't climb stairs"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
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