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The world's oceans are slowly getting more acidic, say scientists. The researchers from California say the change is taking place in response to higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The lowering of the waters' pH value is not great at the moment but could pose a serious threat to current marine life if it continues, they warn. Ken Caldeira and Michael Wickett, from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, report their concerns in the journal Nature. Increasing use of fossil fuels means more carbon dioxide is going into the air, and most of it will eventually be absorbed by seawater. Once in the water, it reacts to form carbonic acid. Scientists believe that the oceans have already become slightly more acidic over the last century. But these researchers have tried to predict what will happen in the future by combining what we know about the history of the oceans with computer models of climate change. "This level of acidity will get much more extreme in the future if we continue releasing CO2 into the atmosphere," said Dr Caldeira. "And we predict amounts of future acidity will exceed anything we have seen over the last several hundred million years, let alone perhaps after rare catastrophic events such as asteroid impacts ." If carbon dioxide release continues unabated , ocean pH could be reduced by as much as 0.77 units, the authors warn. It is not ly clear what that means for marine life, however. Most organisms live near the surface, where the greatest pH change would be expected to occur, but deep-ocean lifeforms may be more sensitive to pH changes. Coral reefs and other organisms whose skeletons or shells contain calcium carbonate may be particularly affected, the team speculate. They could find it much more difficult to build these structures in water with a lower pH. In recent years some people have suggested deliberately storing carbon dioxide from power stations in the deep ocean as a way of curbing global warming. But Dr Caldeira said that such a strategy should now be re-considered. "Previously, most experts had looked at ocean absorption of carbon dioxide as a good thing - because in releasing CO2 into the atmosphere we warm the planet; and when CO2 is absorbed by the ocean, it reduces the amount of greenhouse warming. The purpose of this passage is to _ .
|
[
"show people the findings of a research team",
"warn people of the higher level of CO2",
"inform people of how acid the ocean is now",
"introduce Dr Caldeira and his team's research"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Cells were discovered in 1665 by Robert Hooke when he took a piece of cork and looked at it under a microscope. Cork is made up of dead cells but you are still able to see the cells which proved to be interesting to him. He described _ as being made of something, just like a wall is made of bricks. He then called those bricks "cells". Due to the size of cells, it is nearly impossible to see them without the aid of a light microscope, but by using an electron microscope you'd be able to see cells in much greater detail. There's a cell theory which is made up of four basic ideas. First, cells are the building blocks of life. Second, cells are derived from other cells by division. Third, cells contain DNA (the blueprint for life). Fourth, the cell is the functioning unit of life, and the chemical reactions of life take place within cells. There are two types of cells, animal cells and plant cells. Plant cells differ from animal cells in many ways. Plant cells have a large central vacuole , with the nucleus nearer to the side of the cell instead of in the middle like in animal cells. Another big difference is that plant cells can produce and store sugar as starch while animal cells contain glycogen . It's noteworthy to mention that a cell cannot survive without the nucleus which acts as a type of control center; it runs the cells. The nucleus contains DNA, which in turn contains the cell's genes. These genes tell the cell how to grow. DNA contains the genetic blueprint that tells if you have blonde hair and blue eyes. Which of the following statement is TRUE?
|
[
"Plants cells can store more energy than animal cells.",
"Plant cells have a nucleus in the center.",
"Animal cells are bigger than plant cells.",
"Animals cells have a nucleus in the center."
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The question whether there is life on Mars has made the public think a lot for more than a century. The closest look showed Mars to be a dusty, cold world, covered by air too thin to breathe. A British spaceship and Europe's Mars spaceship plan to land on Mars or enter orbit around it. One of the NASA's spaceships is expected to land on January 3, the other is going to land on the opposite side of Mars on January 24. Since 1960, over twenty spaceships sent to Mars have failed. Most have been lost on flying up or landing because those are the most difficult times of any flights. Scientists wanted to find out whether there was water in Mars. In October, a team of scientists reported that Mars had been a dry wasteland. But weeks later, a second team reported differently that they had found some marks showed clearly that they were made by the rivers. Such marks told us that Mars was a warmer place billions of years ago -- just as life first appeared here on Earth. Scientists at once raise a question: if what they said is true, what happened on Mars? Then what about the earth? The most difficult times of a flight are _ .
|
[
"taking off",
"flying up and arriving",
"entering the orbit and landing",
"leaving the earth and entering the orbit"
] | 1B
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
This is our last issue of the 2010-11 school year.Our cover story, on hair, may be more useful to your students than you suspect.They're in the process of building their identities and testing independence, so some big questions --should I shave, or wait? Will I go bald like my dad? --are front and center to them.We hope the article helps them think through their options We round out the year with some other interesting topics.You and your class may not know much about borderline personality disorder; hopefully, our piece on this mental health issue will change that.Also look for stories about making small talk and medical decisions, as well as an up-to-date piece on the _ of mixing alcohol with energy drinks or caffeine, which is becoming popular among some teens but may be life-taking. And we hope you've found our blog equally helpful.Have you checked it out yet?Visit us at www.weeklyreader.com/chblog.We are constantly on the lookout for resources you can use for bringing health news into your classroom, links to contests and cool health sites, and comments from other subscribers.Please let us know what you think! Don't forget that you can now access every Current Health Teens page in a digital format.Teachers and students can read articles on computers at home or school, as well as on interactive whiteboards.You can log in to this feature here.You'll need your account number, which is listed next to your name on the mailing label printed on the blue and yellow back cover of your Teacher's Guide. We're always eager to hear from our readers--drop us a note at [email protected] and let us know what you think.Thanks for choosing Current Health! Enjoy your summer, and we'll meet you right back here, next school year! Cordially, Meredith Matthews Senior Editor Current Health Teens Current Health Teens is probably a _ .
|
[
"novel",
"magazine",
"newspaper",
"leaflet"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
This time, it is to be worn on wrists. Having already changed the way we communicate with its smartphones, Apple Inc released its next big thing on March 9 in San Francisco, US. The Apple Watch, according to CNN, is "a simple rectangular shape with a range of stylish and useful wristbands." "The style is classic... in those respects it's up there with the top quality Swiss watches," commented the news outlet. The watch will be available in nine places, including the US, the UK and China, from April 24. The starting price is $349 (2,186 yuan). With six different designs and 30 or so wristbands, the gadget "sets the standard for smartwatches, in style," agreed The Brisbane Times,"but more importantly, in functionality ." "With the built-in speaker and microphone, you can receive calls on your watch. I have been wanting to do this since I was 5 years old," said Apple's chief executive Tim Cook. In fact, anything you can do on the iPhone is there on the watch - e-mails, text messages, airline boarding services, and directions from Apple Maps. Using a home security app, you can keep an eye on your home from afar, or even open a locked door. There are some features that have made Cook sure the watch is "our most personal device yet; a new chapter in the way we relate to technology". According to NPR, the watch taps you on the wrist to draw your attention to a message or a calendar reminder, and it can send a tap on the wrist to another Apple Watch wearer. However, the watch can also do things that are just plain fun. You can send a real-time display of your heartbeat to another Apple Watch to "let someone know you are thinking about them." Patrick Moorhead, a leading technology analyst in the US, described the tech company as "a master in the art of persuasion". "The secret weapon is the ability to message each other by tapping on the watch," he told The Associated Press. "I think people, particularly kids, are going to go nuts over that." So far, though, the most impressive part of this new device is "the monitoring of the wearer's health and fitness," said AFP. It will even tap you on the wrist if you have been sitting down for longer than is good for your health. Which of the following words best describes Tim Cook's attitude toward the Apple Watch?
|
[
"Proud.",
"Modest.",
"Serious.",
"Cautious."
] | 0A
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Going to outer space is a little like going camping. You have to carry with you all the food and equipment you need for your trip, so your food can't be too heavy or hard to prepare. Plus, there are no refrigerators to keep food cold and fresh. Food with all the water dried out is lightweight and doesn't spoil. So, many space foods are dried on Earth and stored in special packets. Some taste good right out of the packet. On earth, gravity is the force that keeps your feet on the ground and your sandwich on your plate. But there's no gravity in space. To keep food from floating away, astronauts on the Space Shuttle attach the packets to a special tray. The tray can be fixed to a wall or to the astronaut's lap. To prepare their food, astronauts use liquid forms of salt and pepper. The liquid sticks to the food better. Regular salt and pepper would float away, maybe up an astronaut's nose. Liquids float right out of cups and glasses, though. So astronauts drink everything from a small bag with a straw that can be closed. Astronauts say that most space foods taste pretty good. Some, such as apples and pudding, are the same as the foods you eat on Earth. Astronauts eat tortillas instead of bread because they make fewer crumbs . Floating crumbs could get stuck in equipment or an astronaut's eye. Your body used food in space the same way it does on Earth. Your body must deal with waste in space too. During takeoff the landing, astronauts can't leave their seats to go to the bathroom. They wear diapers under their spacesuits instead. The Space Shuttle has a bathroom the size of a small closet. The toilet has bars that keep astronauts from floating away. A strong flow of air is used instead of water to flush waste down the toilet. Back on Earth it's flushed away-or sometimes studied by scientists. We can infer from the passage that astronauts _ .
|
[
"drink from cups and glasses",
"always wear diapers in space",
"can move freely during landing",
"must pay attention to the crumbs in space"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Sixty-five million years ago, an asteroid that crashed on Earth led to the disappearance of the largest animals that have ever walked our planet - the dinosaurs. At least, this is what some scientists believe. But that accident happened so long ago. People have come to believe that we are free of threats from asteroids and everything else from space. However, what happened on Feb 15 , 2013 was a reminder that we're just as _ as the dinosaurs once were. Two objects from space - a meteor and an asteroid called 2012 DA14 - visited Earth's atmosphere on the same day. The former fell in Russia, injuring 1,200 people, while the latter passed by Earth at a record-setting close distance. Scientists had been expecting the asteroid since last year, but the meteor was a surprise. NASA's telescope system only detects asteroids at least 50 meters in diameter , which is just about the size of 2012 DA14. But the meteor was much smaller, which made it harder to spot. But what if we do spot an asteroid that is headed right for Earth? There are several possible ways in which dangerous asteroids could be made to change its orbit. Which method is best depends on several factors and most importantly - how much time we have to stop it. If there is enough time before the hit, we can send off a heavy spacecraft to travel alongside the asteroid. The gravity from the spacecraft would gradually change the rock's orbit. Besides that, scientists could one day use sun-powered lasers to either make asteroids disappear or change their course. If there's not enough time, we'll have to go after the asteroid with a spacecraft and change its orbit with a crash. Finally, if things are truly desperate, there will be only one choice left - to use a nuclear bomb. That could turn the asteroid into a meteor shower, which would be even more dangerous. What is the main idea of the article?
|
[
"Learning about asteroids and meteors.",
"The threats of objects from space and possible solutions.",
"NASA's latest technology to discover visitors to the Earth from space.",
"How to measure the damage of collisions from asteroids and meteors."
] | 1B
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
if liquid is changing its state to gas then that liquid is
|
[
"slimy",
"cold",
"condensing",
"hot"
] | 3D
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
If average household income rises and we observe that the demand for pork chops increases, pork chops must be
|
[
"an inferior good.",
"a normal good.",
"a surplus good.",
"a public good."
] | 1B
|
high_school_microeconomics
|
mmlu
|
When light enters the eye through the pupil the light falls on the what?
|
[
"brain",
"optic disk",
"retina diagram",
"nose"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Would you completely trust your friends if you couldn't see anything? If you are falling, do you believe they will catch you and help you stand up? Our teacher helped us to find the answer. Our teacher is named Morrie. One day, he said that he had a game for us to try. He divided us into two groups. One of the students from the first group, stands in front of us with his eyes closed, and then falls backwards . The second group stand behind him. Before he falls on the floor, they should catch him and not let him get hurt. Most of us were uncomfortable with this. We were afraid that they wouldn't catch us and we would hit the floor. So we didn't move. We just stood there and laughed in embarrassment . Finally, one student, thin, quiet, dark-haired girl called Sarah, decided to move. She crossed her arms in front of her body, closed her eyes, and slowly fell backwards. She looked quiet but brave. For a moment, I was sure she was going to fall on the floor. But before she hit the floor, the other students caught her, held her and finally helped her stand up. "Whoa!!" we were all surprised, and also encouraged. The girl was happy, too. Seeing this, Morrie smiled and said to the girl, "When you close your eyes, you can't see anything. You won't feel safe. When you are falling, the feeling gets stronger. You are not sure whether you will hit the cold, hard floor or the warm, soft hands of your friends. But if you are brave enough to trust them, they won't let you down." The students felt encouraged because _ .
|
[
"they could stop the game finally",
"they wanted to do something else",
"they thought they had won the game",
"they felt that they could trust each other"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
He was just 12 years old when he died. But he brought courage and hope to people around the world. Nkosi Johnson, who died last June, is remembered today as an AIDS fighter. This young boy challenged his government's AIDS policies and millions of South Africans in the fight against the disease. Johnson was the longest survivor born HIV positive .He survived with this deadly disease for 12 years before it _ . At first, Johnson was expected to live for nine months when his foster mother , Gail Johnson took him in at the age of two. She now runs Nkosi's Haven across town from her house in Melville. The Haven is home to 20 children living with HIV or AIDS, and 11 of their mothers. Johnson attracted the world's attention and stole the hearts of thousands of people across the world at the 13thInternational AIDS Conference inprefix = st1 /Durbanin July 2000. He stood in front of a large audience including South African President Thabo Mbeki. He told them that he wanted AZT, a drug used to treat AIDS patients, to be given to HIV-positive pregnant women to prevent the disease being passed on to their unborn babies. He received a loud cheer at the end of his speech. Johnson's speech was broadcast live across the world. With views beyond his age and even a sense of humor, Johnson soon became an international sign of the fight against AIDS and HIV. The best title for this passage is _ .
|
[
"The Sad Story of an AIDS Child.",
"The Courage of AIDS Children",
"AIDS, a Deadly Disease",
"A Hero inSouth Africa"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
If music makes you smarter and exercise helps you to think, surely exercising to music can turn you into an intelligent person. A team of scientists from Ohio State University did experiments on 33 volunteers who were getting better from heart disease following operation. They found that people who exercised while listening to Italian musician Antonio Vivaldi's "The Four Seasons" did much better on language ability tests than without music. "Facts suggest that exercise improves the learning ability of people with heart disease," said the psychologist Charles Emery, who led the study. "And listening to music is thought to _ understanding. We just wanted to put the two results together," he added. The volunteers said they felt better emotionally and physically after working out with or without the music. But their improvement on the test doubled after listening to music during exercise. Scientists have proved that music can be good for health, education and well-being. It helps reduce stress, sadness and nervousness; encourages relaxation or sleep; wakes up the body and improves memory and thoughts. In medical fields, music is used widely for patients who have had head hurts before and after operation. "The Four Seasons" was used because of its moderate tempo and positive results in earlier research. "Exercise seems to cause positive changes in the nervous system and these changes may have a direct result on learning ability," Emery said. Scientists have been studying the results of music on understanding since the early 1950s. By 2000, psychologists were using Mozart's music, especially his violin pieces, to help children with speech disorders. Mozart was chosen because his music is not overexciting and has clear structures. A study showed students who listened to Mozart went on to score higher marks in an intelligence test. With important exams drawing near, your parents will not probably allow you to listen to music. But perhaps now you have good reasons to argue with them. Which of the following statements is true?
|
[
"Exercise seems to cause negative changes without music.",
"Exercise reminds people with head hurts of what they've learned.",
"Scientists often use Mozart's music, for it is not too exciting.",
"\"The Four Seasons\" is used to help children with speech disorders."
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which is a process that occurs during photosynthesis?
|
[
"Plants take in oxygen and release sugar.",
"Plants take in sugar and release minerals.",
"Plants take in minerals and release carbon dioxide.",
"Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen."
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
There are many commonly held beliefs about eye glasses and eyesight that are not proven facts. For instance, some people believe that wearing glasses too soon weakens the eyes. But there is no evidence to show that the structure of eyes is changed by wearing glasses at a young age. Wearing the wrong glasses, however, can prove harmful. Studies show that for adults there is no danger, but children can develop loss of vision if they have glasses inappropriate for their eyes. We have all heard some of the common myths about how eyesight gets bad. Most people believe that reading in dim light causes poor eyesight, but that is untrue. Too little light makes the eyes work harder, so they do get tired and strained. Eyestrain also results from reading a lot, reading in bed, and watching too much television. However, although eyestrain may cause some pain or headaches, it does not permanently damage eyesight. Another myth about eyes is that they can be replaced, or transferred from one person to another. They are close to one million nerve fibers that connect the eyeball to the brain, so it is impossible to attach them all in a new person. Only certain parts of the eye can be replaced. But if we keep clearing up the myths and learning more about the eyes, some day a full transplant may be possible. The author of the passage tends to _ .
|
[
"explain wearing glasses is no harm to children",
"correct people's wrong beliefs about eyes",
"explain the importance of protecting our eyes",
"imagine what doctors can do with the eye in the future"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How long is a leather belt?
|
[
"70 kilometers",
"70 meters",
"70 centimeters"
] | 2C
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Sharks live in a liquid deluged with sodium chloride because it allows them to
|
[
"form sharknadoes",
"have increased buoyancy",
"eat people",
"star in films"
] | 1B
|
high_school_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The panda is one of the animals most in danger. Three are about 1,000 pandas living in nature reserves today. Zoos and research centers look after about 160 pandas. Scientists are studying how they live and more baby pandas are born in the zoos. Pandas live in the forests and mountains of Southern China. They mainly live on bamboo, and each pandas needs to eat a lot of bamboo every day. The area of bamboo is becoming smaller for many different reasons, so pandas have less and less land to live on. Pandas don't have many babies, and baby panda often dies. The situation is becoming very serious. Our government is working hard to save pandas. There are more than 30 nature reserves to protect pandas but these are not enough. The government has made a new plan to help pandas. The nature reserves will be bigger and the bamboo will grow better. Then the pandas will have enough food and enough places to live in. Pandas born in the zoos may go back to live in the nature reserves. Most people love pandas. The panda is one of the best-known animals in the world. It is the symbol for the World Wide Fund for Nature. The WWF works to protect all animals in danger, so the panda has become the symbol of all animals in danger. There is still a long way to save the panda. Think of other animals in danger. There is still a long way to go to save the panda. Think of other animals in danger such as tigers, whales, turtles and elephants--and we need to save them, too. There are about _ pandas living in the nature reserves today.
|
[
"30",
"160",
"300",
"1,000"
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Most children think it's exciting to have a pet dog.In fact,it's great fun to play with a pet dog.But a few days later,you may cry,"My dog won't stop barking!"or"My pet won't come when I call him!"So,do you really know how to care for dogs? Chihlren love dogs,and dogs love children,too.You can teach your dog to sit,lie down,and even play games with you,but you should not be _ to him.For example,don't drag him around by the leg or the head,and don't hit him.What's more,when he looks ill,you should take him to the vet . You can teach your dog to sit without touching him.Here's how to teach him.You can hold a snack above his head and ask him to sit.When your dog sits,tell him"Good boy!"If he walks away instead of sitting,let him smell the food,then move it a little higher and try again. Soon,your dog will know it's time to sit when he sees you give him his dinner or a snack.Then you can add the word"sit".Use it when you want to give him food or comb his hair.And you know,your pet dog learns quickly! What should you do when your dog looks ill?
|
[
"You should let him have a rest.",
"You should take him to the vet.",
"You should give him some medicine to eat.",
"You should ask him to sit."
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
On a Monday, a mother was in the kitchen cooking ham for the family. She was in quite the hurry because she had to pick the kids up from school. Without knowing, she stuck a spoon in the ham and put the ham in the oven. She wasn't paying attention because of being in a hurry and also because the dog was playing with a ball. The ball flew past her head as she had finished putting the ham in the oven. She yelled at the dog and made him play with the ball outside. She saw clouds in the sky as she let the dog out. Seeing that the clouds were so pretty that she wanted to take a picture of them. She got her camera and took a few pictures as the dog played happily in the yard. What was the mother cooking in the kitchen?
|
[
"a ball",
"a ham",
"a dog",
"a cloud"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
At a young age, Patti Wilson was told that she was an epileptic . Her father, Jim Wilson, is _ . One day she said, "Daddy, I want to run with you every day, But I'm afraid I'll have a seizure . Her father told her, "If you do, I know how to deal with it, so let's start running!" That's just what they did every day. It was a wonderful experience for them to share. And there were no seizures at all while she was running. After a few weeks, she told her father, "Daddy, I want to break the world's long-distance running record for women." So she did. That year, she wore a T-shirt that read, "I love epileptics" and completed her run to San Francisco. Her dad ran every mile at her side, and her mom, a nurse, followed in a car behind them in case anything went wrong. In her second year in college, Patti's classmates got behind her. They built a huge poster that read, "Run, Patti, Run!" Her foot was injured when she was running to Portland. A doctor told her she had to stop her run. "Doctor, you don't understand," she said, "This isn't a whim of mine. I'm doing it to let people know -- we can do what others do. Isn't there a way I can keep running?" "Yes, but it would be unbelievably painful." The doctor said. But she told the doctor she could do it. At last she finished the run to Portland and completed her last mile with the governor of Oregon. What's Patti's mother's attitude towards her run?
|
[
"Opposed .",
"Supportive.",
"Confident",
"Unconcerned"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The size and shape of your ears show your character more than any other part of the face. Other parts of the face change shapes as we get older, but ears do not change their shapes. They only change in size. Reading people's character from their ears is a very old science. In the past people thought that a person's ears with color was dangerous. They also thought that the shape of the ears showed if a person was musical or not. Today,too many people believe that the size and shape of the ears help you know if a person is musical. Ears are all different,and each different thing has a meaning. Next time you look at a person,see if his or her ears are large,medium-size,or small. Look at the lobes .Do they stick to the face? Ears that are always red mean that a person may get angry easily. Ears that are always cold and nearly white color mean that a person has a nervous character. Reading people's character from their ears is _ .
|
[
"only for music",
"an old idea",
"very new",
"a good way to talk with others"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Height is just one of the thousands of features your genes decide. In fact, because you have two parents, your genes provide you a height that usually lands somewhere between the height of each parent. If both your parents are tall, then most probably you will be tall, too, but if you have questions about how tall you're going to be, ask your doctor if he or she can help you find it out. But genes don't decide everything. For example, eating an unhealthy diet can keep you from growing to your ideal height. Getting plenty of sleep and enough exercise will help you grow to the expected height. No doubt you're wondering how fast you should grow. It depends. There's no perfect or right answer. Generally speaking, kids grow about 2 inches (6 centimeters) a year between age 3 and the time when they start puberty (when your body starts changing and becoming more grown up). Your doctor will know how your growth has been going over the years. Two centimeters here and 2 inches there are not nearly as important as the height you're at now, how you've been growing up to this point, and what other changes your body may be going through. Don't be scared if you seem to have grown a lot in a very short time. Everyone has a growth spurt during puberty. The age for starting puberty is about 10 for girls and about 11 for boys. But it can be earlier or later ---between 7 and 13 for girls and 9 and 15 for boys. You'll usually begin to notice that you're growing faster about a year or so after your body starts to show the first changes of puberty. Which is NOT mentioned in the passage?
|
[
"Your height most probably depends on how high your parents are.",
"Girls' age for starting puberty is usually earlier than that for boys'.",
"The time showing the first changes of puberty is never noticed.",
"You may be scared sometimes when you grow too fast."
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When asked to point out one or two things that are most important to themselves, many put friends ahead of homes, jobs, clothes and cars. A true friendship carries a long history of experience that determines who we are and keeps us connected. It is a treasure we should protect. Unfortunately, the better friends you are, the more probably you'll have disagreements. And the result can be what you don't want--an end to the relationship. The good news is that most troubled friendships can be mended. First, don't let your pride get in your way. Most of us can forgive each other when differences are brought out in the open. Second, apologize when you're wrong -- even if you've been wronged. Over the course of a friendship, even the best people make mistakes. Sometimes, it may be best if the _ takes the lead and apologizes. When you apologize, give your friend a chance to admit that he has been wrong. Third, see things from your friend's point of view. And finally, accept that friendships change as our needs and lifestyle change. Making friends can sometimes seem easy. The hard part is keeping the connections strong during the natural ups and downs that have an effect on all relationships. My suggestion: consider friendship as an honor and a gift, and worth the effort to treasure and nurture . According to the passage, a friendship can be long only if _ .
|
[
"we have much in common",
"we know our friends' mistakes",
"we treat our disagreements wisely",
"we have known one another her desires"
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
To which group does an animal belong if it lays eggs and has scales and gills?
|
[
"amphibian",
"bird",
"fish",
"reptile"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which object has less thermal energy?
|
[
"a pot of spaghetti sauce at a temperature of 145°F",
"a pot of spaghetti sauce at a temperature of 185°F"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Traffic TV Avoid the jams -- see where tailbacks are before you set off and while on the move. Traffic TV is free to use on your personal computer and only PS4 per month (see below for other network charges) on your mobile. How does it work? Over 7,500 Trafficmaster cameras monitor traffic flow on over 8,000 miles of motorways and roads across the UK keeping you up to date 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Traffic TV on your mobile This downloadable application lets you see where jams are building up, the speed of vehicles at hotspots, and live pictures from thousands of roadside cameras. Traffic TV is PS4 a month for Orange mobile customers, after a 30 day free trial. On other networks Traffic TV is PS5 a month, after a 7 day free trial. Listen to live traffic news Don't want the download? Then simply dial the numbers below from your mobile to hear the latest traffic updates. *Orange mobile users call 177 (calls cost up to 55p a minute) *Other mobile users call 1740 (calls cost up to 59p a minute) Help friends avoid jams Simply enter your friend's email address to send them a link to this service. How can users get live traffic information?
|
[
"By telephone or through Internet.",
"By watching a TV programme.",
"By listening to the radio report.",
"By 7,500 Trafficmaster cameras."
] | 0A
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Almost every person uses the Web for something nowadays. This is a good idea since it is useful for so many different things. When you consider its speed and convenience, you will understand that there isn't any reason to use any other means to complete everyday jobs. Just consider the convenience factor when you need quick simple information. Looking for a movie can take just minutes by jumping online as opposed to going and getting a newspaper and then hoping it has the theater that interests you. It is also a great way to find a restaurant for the evening. From the online yellow pages to the various websites of different eateries , there are many different choices of spots to gather information. Find old friends from school by joining in one of the endless groups that have been created to put people together. Information is just so easy to get when you are using the Web. Find out how to build a pond yourself in your own backyard or garden by a quick search. Then shop for materials and fish as well. Shopping on the Internet also saves time and we can select a better product without having to travel a long distance. Using the Internet, shoppers can go through the product's prices from various stores while sitting in one place. Studying for school of any kind is easier when you can use the Web to find information. Now you can search an online dictionary that anyone can use at no cost. Doing research is easy, since there are lots of sites devoted to helping students of any type get their work completed. Businesses also have a huge existence on the Web. A company might only have a simple website to give directions and its location. There are many of us who now depend on the Web. If a business does not have some type of website, then it will not be found by those who search the Web for local businesses. We can learn from the passage that _ .
|
[
"old friends can be found on the Web",
"sites devoted to helping students are difficult to find",
"an online dictionary is expensive for students to use",
"products on the Web are cheaper than those in a store"
] | 0A
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Hello! My name is Emma. My favorite day is Friday. Do you know why? We have four classes in the morning. We have a music lesson on Friday morning. It is my favorite subject. I also like other three lessons in the morning. They are English, Chinese and math. In the afternoon we usually have three classes, but on Friday afternoon we only have two classes P.E. and oral English. P.E. teacher is my favorite teacher because her lessons are very interesting. How many classes do they have on Friday afternoon?
|
[
"Only two classes.",
"Three classes.",
"Five classes.",
"Six classes."
] | 0A
|
elementary_mathematics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Some people surveyed tasted the sweet, salty, and crunchy together with other tastes of food as they listen to different noises. It shows that louder noises reduced the reported sweetness or saltiness of food while increasing the measure of crunchiness . It may go some way to explain why airline food is widely complained about by both the workers and passengers. Andy Woods, a researcher, said, "It's a general opinion that plane foods aren't fantastic, but I'm sure airlines do their best, so we wondered if there were other reasons. One thought was that perhaps the background noise may have an effect. NASA gives their space explorers very strong-tasting foods, because for some reason, they can't taste food that strongly--again, it may have something to do with the background noise." In a study, 48 people were fed sweet foods or salty ones, while listening to nothing or noise through earphones. Meanwhile they rated the foods. In noisier settings, foods were rated less salty or sweet than they were when it was silent, but were rated crunchier. "The evidence shows that if the background noise is loud, your attention might be drawn to that, away from the food." Dr. Woods said. "We are still at an early stage of progressing and this is a rather small study to really draw definitive conclusions from," Dr Woods said, "but they suggest that restaurants could well adapt their choice of food for a given environment." Also in the group's findings there is the suggestion that the overall satisfaction with the food is also related to the degree to which people like what they are hearing. What would be the best title for the text?
|
[
"The best dinner environment",
"How to change plane foods",
"Listening to music while eating",
"Background noise affects the taste of foods"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which of these is the most responsible for the changes of the seasons on Earth?
|
[
"Position of the Moon",
"Tilt of Earth on its axis",
"Temperature of the Sun",
"Distance to Mars"
] | 1B
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
All organisms classified in kingdom Animalia must also be classified as which of the following?
|
[
"Archaea",
"Eubacteria",
"Eukaryota",
"Protista"
] | 2C
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
A high school history teacher once told us, "If you make one close friend in school, you will be most fortunate. A true friend is someone who stays with you for life." Experience teaches that he was right. Good friendships are just not easily formed. Why? One reason is that it is easy to move around in our society. Mr. Darrell Sifford, a news reporter for the Washington Daily, has been studying and talking about friendships for a number of years. He reports what one woman thought about the effect of ease of movement on friendship: "I was nine, and we'd just moved from South Carolina to New Jersey, and I didn't know anybody. _ and she said to me, 'Amelia, I know you're feeling bad because you don't have any friends. But you can fix that. Just walk across the street -- I know there's a girl about your age over there -- and knock on the door and ask her to be your friend.'" "As a 9-year-old, I could do that. I knocked on the door and said, 'Hi, my name is Amelia, and I'd like for us to be friends.' And to my surprise, she said that she would like that too--and we became friends." She added that going about it directly always worked when she was a child. But as she left childhood, she found that the simple direct approach was more and more difficult for her to follow. So, as an adult, Amelia longed to have friends but her hands were tied when it came to doing anything about it. The problem, according to her, is that society teaches us in a number of ways that direct action is not an acceptable way of doing things. We need to be less direct so that our feelings will not be hurt if our offer of friendship is refused. Mr. Sifford goes on to describe his own ideas on the subject: "To most of us, friendship is very important, but we need to have clear in our own minds the kinds of friendships we want. Are they to be very close or kept at arm's length? Do we want to share ourselves or do we want to walk on the surface?" "For some people, an ordinary friendship is enough -- and that's all right. But at some point we need to make sure that what we expect from the friendship is the same as what our friends expect from it. If one wants more from the friendship than the other, and if this is not talked about, one is likely eventually to feel that he's not being given enough attention. "The sharing of close secrets, including our fears as well as our dark dreams, is the surest way to deepen friendships. But the process must be gone through slowly and continued only if there are signs of interest and our efforts are answered." What are some of the problems in forming friendships? According to Mr. Sifford, the biggest problem is to expect too much too soon. Deep relationships take time. Another "big difficulty" is to think one "possesses" the other and that he should spend all his time only with you. Similarly, friendships require action from both sides. In short, you must give as much as you take. Finally there is a question of developing friendship. Unless you spend enough time together, talking on the phone, writing letters, doing things together, friendships will gradually fade away. Why is it so difficult to form friendships? Perhaps it is possible, as Mr. Sifford states, that we simply do not stay in one place long enough for a true friendship to develop. However, we all agree that each of us should think carefully about the kind of friendships we want. As in all interpersonal relationships, success depends on the kind of friendship we expect to have, openness to others, and a willingness to experiment. The author quoted many times what Mr. Darrell Sifford said in order to _ .
|
[
"show respect for him",
"share the same opinion with him",
"strengthen the authority of his opinion",
"make some comments about friendships"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What is the most likely outcome of the Moon moving away from Earth?
|
[
"A lunar day is shorter.",
"A lunar eclipse lasts longer.",
"Earth moves closer to the Sun.",
"Earth's tides decrease in size."
] | 3D
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
We're so well educated - but we're useless students who have lost the ability to do anything practical. The only thing we've mastered is consumption . Large numbers of students have entered higher education in the past 10 years, but despite being the most educated generation in history, it seems that we've grown increasingly ignorant when it comes to basic life skills. Looking back on my first couple of weeks of living in student halls, I consider myself lucky to still be alive. Unfamiliar to fresher's, there are many hidden dangers in the dirty corners of students accommodation. I have survived a couple of serious boiling egg incidents and lots of cases of food - poisoning, probably from dirty kitchen counters. Although some of my clothes have fallen victim to ironing experimentation, I think I have now finally acquired all the domestic skills I missed out in my modem education. In 2006 and 2010, the charming educationist Sir Ken Robinson gave two very amusing talks in which he discussed the importance of creativity in education. Robinson's main viewpoint is that our current education system dislocates people from their natural talents. I would like to go a step further and propose that besides our talents, the system takes away what used to be passed from generation to generation - a working knowledge of basic life skills. Today's graduates may have earned themselves honor in history, law or economies, but when it comes to simple things like putting up a shelf to hold all their academic books, or fixing a hole in their on - trend clothes, they have to call for help from a professional handyman or tailor. Since the invention of the internet, it has never been easier for people to access information, but our highly specialized education has made us more one - sided than ever. I suggest that we start with the immediate reintroduction of some of the most vital aspects of "domestic science" education, before the current lack leads to serious accidents in student halls. According to Robinson's opinion, our current education _ .
|
[
"focuses on the importance if creativity",
"dislocates people from their natural talents",
"has equipped students with basic life skills",
"has followed the convention properly"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Would you be surprised to learn that your eyes are like an eagle's eyes in some ways? You and an eagle can see colors. And an eagle's eyes and yours are about the same size. But therre are a lot more of a special type of cell in an eagle's eyes than in your eyes. These cells send information to the eagle's brain. Getting a lot of information helps an eagle see much better than you. In fact, eagle can spot a fish in the sea from a mile away. You and an eagle have eyes that make tears. Your eyes make watery tears that clean your eyes. An eagle's eyes for watery tears and oily tears. Eagles dive into the sea to catch fish. The oily tears guard their eyes from the saltwater. Like you, eagles have eyelids. You have two eyelids, and you close your eyes by lowering the top lid. When eagles close their eyes, their bottom lids raise up. Eagles have a third eyelid that moves across the eye every few seconds. It wipes dust away from the eye. An eagle can see through this third eyelid. The eyelid guards the bird's eyes when it _ at 100 miles an hour after its prey . Unlike your eyes, an eagle's eyes _ .
|
[
"have cells",
"can see colors",
"have an extra eyelid",
"form tears"
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A San Diego boy Kristoffer Von Hassel has the gaming world' s attention after he exposed a security weakness that let him log into his dad's Xbox Live account, without permission. Kristoffer's father, Robert, noticed soon after Christmas that his son was logging into his account and playing games that weren't appropriate for his age. When he asked how, Kristoffer showed him a hack that seems simple but is fairly impressive considering a 5-year- old found it. Kristoffer would go to his dad's account and type in an incorrect password. That would take him to a password verifications screen, where he would simply tap the space bar repeatedly and then press "enter. " "How awesome is that?" asked Davies, who works in online security himself. "just being 5 years old and being able to find a vulnerability I ty and getting attached to that I thought that was pretty cool." He told KGTV that Kristoffer has figured out three or four other "hacks", including getting past the lock on a smartphone by holding down the "home" key for long enough. Davies reported the vulnerability to Microsoft. And Microsoft acted, issuing a fix for it. "We' re always listening to our customers and thank them for bringing issues to our attention," the company said in a written statement. "We take security seriously at Xbox and fixed the issue as soon as we learned about it. " The company has even included Kristoffer's name on a list of security researchers who have helped make online Microsoft products safer. For his discovery, or more accurately, for reporting it with his father's help, Kristoffer will receive four games. $50 and a year's subseription to Xbox Live from Microsoft. What is the best title of the text?
|
[
"Challenging your father, even at an early age",
"Hacking Xbox, even a 5-year-old could do it",
"Microsoft, faced with security charges again",
"A 5-year-old boy subscribing to Xbox Live"
] | 1B
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. We go fishing, sit in the garden, have a picnic, live in the suburbs or go to the seaside. The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk. When joggers jog, they don't run the streets. Every one of them tend to go to the park or the river. But despite this, our children are growing up naturedeprived . I spent my boyhood climbing trees. These days, children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and strange new ideas about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found. The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the US: families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD--attention deficit hyperactivity disorder . Those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%. ADHD is one of the great problems of modern childhood. One study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places. The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature. The increasing concern for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality. Even problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natural world. We need the wild world. It is essential to our wellbeing, our health and our happiness. In what way do people benefit from their contact with nature?
|
[
"Children with ADHD can be cured.",
"A garden nearby improves the quality of old people's life.",
"Problems with crime and violent behaviour will easily be solved.",
"Children's performance at school is greatly improved."
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
We often use the words "growth" and "development" as if they meant basically the same thing. But this may not always be the case. One can easily imagine instances in which a country has achieved higher levels of income (growth) with little or no benefit coming to most of its citizens (development). In the past, most development policies were aimed at increasing the growth rate of income per capita . Many are still based on the theory that benefit of economic growth will come to all members of society. If this theory is correct, growth should encourage development. By the early 1970s, however, the relationship between growth and development was being questioned. A major study by the World Bank in 1974 concluded that it is now clear that more than decades of rapid growth in developing countries has been of little benefit to a third of their population. The World Bank study showed that increase in GNP per capita did not promise important improvements in such development indicators as nutrition, health, and education. Although GNP per capita did indeed rise, its benefit came down to only a small part of the population. This realization gives rise to a call for new development policies. These new policies favor agriculture over industry, call for national redistribution of income and wealth, and encourage programs to satisfy such basic needs as food and shelter. In the late 1970s and early 1980s the international macroeconomic crises of high oil prices, worldwide recession and the third world debt, forced attention away from programs designed to get rid of poverty. However, the lesson remains: economic growth does not promise economic development. Efforts may be required to change growing output capacity into economic benefit that reaches most of a nation's people. Before the 1970s, most development policies were based on theory that economic growth would benefit _ .
|
[
"most people in society",
"some people in society",
"few people in society",
"everyone in society"
] | 3D
|
high_school_macroeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Lots of folks don't think about what they eat over the holiday season until January, when they stare sadly at the number on the scale and then hurry off to hit the gym, join Weight Watchers or pick up the latest diet book. It doesn't have to be that way. Health experts say you can still enjoy the holidays. "It's OK to indulge , but it doesn't mean you have to gain weight," said Karen Ansel, a New York-based registered dietitian and a spokeswoman for the American Dietetic Association (ADA). Jessica Crandall, a registered dietitian from Denver who's also an ADA spokeswoman, added that gaining weight during the holidays and then working hard to lose it again is not good for a person's body. For starters, people interested in maintaining their weight during the holidays should keep eating on a regular schedule, the two dietitians said. Research has shown that people who skip meals -- particularly breakfast -- end up eating more throughout the day. "Try and stick to consistent meal times so you can avoid being overly hungry," Crandall said. "When you're overly hungry, you can make some bad decisions regarding what you eat. Don't starve yourself during the day waiting for that party at night -- because you'll eat too much or overeat." Ansel suggests that you think now about the foods you really enjoy and plan to focus on those while eating less of more common fare. Be careful, too, about alcohol intake, for a couple of reasons. Alcoholic drinks, particularly the fancy ones handed out at holiday time, tend to come loaded with calories. "It's usually what you're adding to a drink that contains the calories," Crandall said. Also, if you're drunk, you might forget to watch what you're eating. "It totally lowers your inhibitions ," Ansel said. Other holiday eating tips, suggested by Crandall and Ansel, include: *Eat lots of vegetables, and eat them first before moving on to the other items on your plate. *Recognize that many holiday extras, like cheese or cranberry sauce, come loaded with calories. "If those aren't your favorite foods, don't put them on your plate," Crandall said. *If your favorite food has a lot of calories, be sure to minimize your portion. "Two bites cure the craving," Crandall said. "After that, you're just really feeding your old habits. *After a big holiday meal, don't sink into a chair or couch. Go for a walk outdoors or participate in some other activities that help burn off some of the calories you've just eaten. Why does Crandall advise people wanting to lose weight not to drink wine?
|
[
"Because if they're drunk, they can watch what they eat.",
"Because it will make it hard for their body to burn calories.",
"Because wine itself contains many calories.",
"Because it will make them feel more stressed."
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How long is a hummingbird's beak?
|
[
"2 centimeters",
"2 kilometers"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Children whose minds wander might have sharper brains, a research suggests. A study has found that people who appear to be often distracted have more "working memory", giving them the ability to hold a lot of information in their heads and control it cleverly. Children at school need this type of memory on a daily basis for a variety of tasks, such as following teachers' instructions or remembering dictated sentences. During the study, volunteers were asked to perform one simple task during which researchers kept asking if their minds were wandering. At the end, volunteers measured their working memory capacity by their ability to remember a series of letters mixed with simple maths questions. Daniel Levinson, a professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in the United States, said that those with higher working memory capacity reported "more mind wandering during these simple tasks", but their performance did not _ . The results, published online in the journal Psychological Science, appear to confirm former research that found working memory allows humans to deal with multiple thoughts at the same time. Dr Jonathan Smallwood, of the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Science in Leipzig, Germany, said, "What this study seems to suggest is that, when surroundings for the task aren't very difficult, people with additional working memory capacity use them effectively to think about other things besides what they're doing." Working memory capacity is also associated with general measures of intelligence, such as reading comprehension and IQ scores. Dr Smallwood added: "Our results suggest the sorts of planning that people do quite often in daily life - when they are on the bus, when they are cycling to work, when they are in the shower - are probably supported by working memory." During the study, the researchers asked the volunteers to _ .
|
[
"solve some difficult maths problems",
"retell some dictated sentences",
"follow the teacher's instructions",
"carry out one simple task"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
For high school leavers starting out in the working world, it is very important to learn particular skills and practice how to behave in an interview or how to find an internship . In some countries, schools have programs to help students onto the path to work. In the United States, however, such programs are still few and far behind. Research shows that if high schools provide career-related courses, students are likely to get higher earnings in later years. The students are more likely to stay in school, graduate and go on to higher education. In Germany, students as young as 13 and 14 are expected to do internships. German companies work with schools to make sure that young people get the education they need for future employment. But in America, education reform programs focus on how well students do in exams instead of bringing them into contact with the working world. Harvard Education school professor Robert Schwartz has criticized education reformers for trying to place all graduates directly on the four-year college track. Schwartz argued that this approach leaves the country's most vulnerable kids with no jobs and no skills. Schwartz believed that the best career programs encourage kids to go for higher education while also teach them valuable practical skills at high school. James Madison High School in New York, for example ,encourages students to choose classes on career-based courses. The school then helps them gain on-the-job experience in those fields while they're still at high school. However, even for teens whose schools encourage them to connect with work, the job market is _ . In the US, unemployment rates for 16-to-19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row. "The risk is that if teenagers miss out on the summer job experience, they will become part of this generation of teens who had trouble in landing a job," said Michael, a researcher in the US. In the author's opinion, German high school leavers _ .
|
[
"enjoy more career-related courses than that of US",
"need more career advice from their schools",
"perform better in exams than American students",
"are less brought into contact with the working world"
] | 0A
|
high_school_macroeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What would be the best evidence that two substances are made of different types of matter?
|
[
"Two substances have different reactions to light.",
"Two substances have different temperatures.",
"Two substances have different volumes.",
"Two substances have different shapes."
] | 0A
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Your car is a necessary part of your life. You use it every day. Of course, you want to hold on to it so you make sure it has the latest alarm and immobilizer. But despite all these, cars like yours are still stolen every day. In fact, in this country, one car is stolen almost every minute! And if your car is stolen, you only have a 50:50 chance of seeing it again. Each year, car crime costs nearly PS3 billion. Of course, if you're insured, you won't lose out, or will you? Firstly, you will have to pay extra insurance later on, and then you may not be offered the full amount by the agent. You will probably have to hire a car and you will also lose the value of the contents and accessories in the car. Now comes the solution. An RAC Trackstar system, hidden in one of 47 possible secret locations in your car, is the key of our system. If your car is stolen, radio signals are sent at twenty-second intervals from the car to the RAC Trackstar National Control Center via a satellite network. Then a computer gives the vehicle's exact location, speed and direction. The RAC Trackstar National Control Center, which operates 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, will immediately inform the police in the area where the car is located. Because the police receive information every twenty seconds, they will always know the vehicle's location. Once the thief has been arrested, your car will be returned to you. RAC Trackstar is unique in being able to provide the National Control Center with details of the exact location of your car, its speed and direction. And speed is the key to successful recovery of a stolen vehicle. RAC Trackstar Control will immediately tell the police if you report your car stolen and under the 24-hour Guardian Option. _ will also tell you if your car has been stolen. RAC Trackstar's constant updates mean the police are kept informed of the car's location. All these greatly improve your chances of seeing your car again. If your car is stolen, you will have to _ .
|
[
"hire a new car",
"pay more insurance",
"buy a RAC Trackstar system",
"inform the National Control Center"
] | 1B
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Based on this information, what is Kumal's phenotype for the coat pattern trait?
|
[
"a spotted coat",
"a black coat"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Do you always understand the directions on a bottle of medicine? Do you know what is meant by "Take only as directed"? Read the following directions and see if you understand them. "To reduce pain, take two tablets with water, followed by one tablet every eight hours, as required. For night-time and early morning relief, take two tablets at bedtime. Do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four hours. For children six to twelve years old, give half the amount. For children under six years old ,ask for your doctor's advice. Reduce the amount if you suffer from restlessness or sleeplessness after taking the medicine". What is the advice for one who cannot sleep well after taking the medicine?
|
[
"Stop taking the medicine at bedtime",
"Continue to take the normal amount.",
"Take more than the normal amount.",
"Take less than the normal amount."
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which object has the least thermal energy?
|
[
"a crayon at a temperature of 26°C",
"a crayon at a temperature of 22°C",
"a crayon at a temperature of 30°C"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
If food is being digested then it is in the body
|
[
"under foot",
"in the ear",
"in the leg",
"above the knees"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Normally and naturally, a daughter is more attached to her mother in comparison to her father or other siblings . The attachment is also due to the fact that the daughter finds it easier to believe in the mother on personal and biological matters at different stages while growing up. The bonding between mother and daughter will increase with their being together and going out on excursions. An excursion is a journey to some far-off place undertaken by people. It is not necessary that such a trip be taken on a lavish scale involving lots of money. It can be as short as an overnight trip to some place to improve bonding. To surprise her daughter with an unexpected excursion, mother can plan a trip to some local spa without the knowledge of her daughter. She can be ready with baggage packed and wait for the moment the daughter comes back from school. Once in the hotel they can enjoy the night together getting refreshing treatments like massage or mud packs. After relaxing spa they can laze in bed, enjoying favourite food or drink and if possible enjoying nature through the window. After a long period of relaxation, going out for a walk together will improve bonding. Going out overnight to enjoy walk at the beach, and relaxing at intervals without the interference of any other person can be a great idea of bonding. Being of the same sex, and often having the same set of likes and dislikes, they can spend time on makeup or applying nail polish. The daughter should never forget to thank the mother for the wonderful time they spent together, and the mother should never hesitate to say a few words of praise to the daughter. Going out for shopping together is a good bonding idea too. It is not essential that lots of money should be spent on shopping. The mother can take the daughter to some shops where she can buy her uniform or some other things. They can jointly enjoy window shopping, expressing love and gratitude for the other. A mother is advised to plan a trip without telling her daughter probably to .
|
[
"give the daughter a surprise",
"prevent other siblings knowing the trip",
"choose the place the mother likes more",
"avoid making the daughter have trouble planning"
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Zhou Yan, a Junior 3 student, wishes he never got a mobile phone. Last week, he went to see a doctor because his arms and fingers were injured. The doctor told him that he had had "mobile phone disease ". A growing number of teenagers are getting "mobile phone disease" because more and more are using mobile phones. Zhou got his mobile phone five months ago. He sent messages to his friends with it all the time, even when going to bed. Zhou started to do badly in exams because he spent too much time playing with his mobile phone. His mom got very angry with him, but he didn't stop playing with the mobile phone until his arms got injured. Yang Ling, a doctor, says that if someone uses his mobile phone too much, like Zhou Yan, he might get "mobile phone disease". If teenagers find their arms or fingers hurt , they should go to see a doctor as soon as possible. Yang says teenagers should try to use their mobile phones less, especially at school. Yang Ling thinks teenagers should _ .
|
[
"go to see a doctor very often",
"use mobile phones more when they are at school",
"use mobile phones less and less",
"not use mobile phones anymore"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
"I don't think I can do this any more." "Yes, you can. You only have five more radiation treatments to go. " I held my wife Becky close. Ever since the breast cancer diagnosis , she had tried hard to be strong for the kids and for me. When her diagnosis came, my first thought was there was no way I could lose my wife. The doctors assured us the cancer was discovered early so we were feeling positive. Becky had received an operation and was recovering from it. After six weeks of radiation therapy , she was facing her final five treatments. She was weak and tired, in low spirits. Seeing her suffering, I felt so helpless and powerless. As soon as I was outside, long-held frustration and anger erupted in me like a volcano. I took a hammer and suddenly was swinging as hard as I could, beating heavily on the front porch . While doing so, I imagined I was beating my wife's cancer. With all my strength, I destroyed the porch. During the treatment, my wife had been very brave. She said she had it easy, but I don't think it was easy for her. Seeing the porch gone, Becky shook her head at the window. I came into the room, not knowing how she would react to what I had done. "Becky, are you mad at me?" She looked at me in surprise. "For what?" I pointed at the gate. "For tearing down the porch." She laughed. "Look how sunny this room is now. I love that it's bright in here." "You comforted me in my darker hour, Vince. You've found a way to deal with your own frustration. By destroying the porch, you let the sunshine in." As I looked around the brightened room, I realized the light that filled the space was the light of hope that shone so bright after the darkness. We never did re-build the porch. The author went outside to destroy the porch because _ .
|
[
"he wanted to release his frustration",
"he was disappointed with his wife",
"he intended to let sunshine in",
"his wife didn't like it at all"
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
If you see someone drowning, speed is very important. Once you get him out of the water, if he isn't breathing, you have four minutes before his brain is completely destroyed. Support his neck, move his head back and press his chin upwards. This stops the tongue blocking the airway in the throat and is sometimes enough to get him breathing again. If that doesn't work, start mouth-to-mouth breathing. Press his nostrils (the two holes at the end of your nose, through which you breathe and smell things) together with your fingers. Open your mouth and take a deep breath. Blow into his lungs until his chest rises, then remove your mouth and watch his chest fall. Repeat twelve times a minute. Keep doing until professional help arrives. To bring a child back to life, keep your lips around his mouth and gently blow into his mouth. Give the first four breaths as quickly as possible to fill the blood with oxygen. If, in spite of your efforts, he starts turning a blue-grey colour, and you can feel no pulse , then pressing is the last chance of saving his life. With arms straight, rock forwards, pressing down on the lower half of the breastbone. Don't be too hard or you may break a rib. Check how effective you are by seeing if his colour improves or his pulse becomes independent to your chest pressing. If this happens, stop the pressing. Otherwise continue until rescue arrives. Which of the following statement is true?
|
[
"Don't stop pressing his chest, if the drowning man starts breathing again.",
"If you see someone drowning, you must give him mouth-to-mouth breathing.",
"If a man does not breathe for four minutes, his brain will be completely destroyed.",
"When pressing, you can do it as hard as you can."
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Compare the motion of two motorboats. Which motorboat was moving at a higher speed?
|
[
"a motorboat that moved 180kilometers in 5hours",
"a motorboat that moved 340kilometers in 5hours"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Scientists have always wanted to know more about the other _ in space. Years ago, they knew many facts about the moon. They knew how big it was and how far away it was from the earth. But they wanted to know more about it .They thought and thought. At last they found the only way to know more was to send men to the moon. The moon is about three hundred and eighty-four thousand kilometers away from the earth. A plane can not fly to the moon because the air reaches only 240 kilometers. Then there is no air. But something can fly even when there is no air. That is a rocket. How does a rocket fly? There is gas in the rocket. When the gas is made very hot inside the rocket, it will rush out of the end of the rocket, so it can make the rocket fly up into the sky. Rockets can fly far out into space. Rockets with men in them have already reached the moon. Some rockets without men in them have flown to other planets much farther away than the moon. One day rockets may be able to go to any place. ,A, B, C, D,. The moon is about _ kilometers away from the earth.
|
[
"384000",
"348000",
"3840",
"3480"
] | 0A
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Scientists use models that show the features of an atom. A scientist should use a model that
|
[
"was the first to be developed",
"was most recently developed",
"shows the arrangement most clearly",
"shows the details needed for a specific purpose"
] | 3D
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Which property of a mineral can be determined just by looking at it?
|
[
"luster",
"mass",
"weight",
"hardness"
] | 0A
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Liu Xu is a student from a middle school in Guangxi. Once he was riding home when a robber suddenly jumped out from the roadside. He pulled Liu Xu off his bike and rode away. Liu Xu was scared, but he didn't run after the robber. He found a telephone and called the police at 110. "Safety is the first important in such a situation," Liu said, remembering what his teacher had told him in his first aid class. "It is not safe to run after an adult who is stronger than you." Liu's school has compulsory first aid education. Students must take the class once a week. Teenage safety has become a serious issue recently. According to a survey, about 16,000 teenagers die in accidents in China every year. At Liu's school the first aid classes are to "teach students skills how to protect and save themselves in emergencies ". Students there often learn by role-playing in first aid classes. For example, one student performed as a stranger knocking at a door. Another one stood inside the door and asked several questions before letting the "stranger" in. Then they changed roles and did it again. They learned a lot while having fun at role-playing. The topics of the first aid classes are regularly updated . The students have learned skills for surviving in earthquakes. The teacher also taught the students not to go out at night. If someone tried to do bad things to them, they should quickly run into crowed place. Liu Xu's _ was robbed according to the passage.
|
[
"money",
"bike",
"backpack",
"mobile phone"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) is launching a new campaign called Hay Fever, which aims to teach rabbit owners how to correctly feed their rabbits. Many rabbit owners wrongly take Bugs Bunny's advice and feed their rabbits an incorrect diet, according to the British animal charity. Rabbits do not naturally eat root vegetables, such as carrots, nor do they naturally eat lettuce , the charity said. The charity said that people were using these foodstuffs as major parts of a rabbit's diet, when in fact they can cause health problems. Just 8% of owners knew what to correctly feed their rabbits, according to statistics. This might explain why 11% of rabbits are suffering from tooth decay and a further 11% from digestive problems, according to research at the University of Bristol, commissioned by the RSPCA. "We want all pet rabbits to be eating hay as their main food," said Rachel Roxburgh, an animal scientist for the charity. "People also think their rabbits should eat carrots because that's what Bugs Bunny does. But he's a cartoon, real rabbits don't talk, and they shouldn't be eating carrots too often either." The RSPCA suggests giving rabbits daily handfuls of hay, around the same size as the rabbits themselves. They can also feed on grass, but not lawn clippings . To vary their diet and give them a treat, dark green vegetables are advised, including broccoli, kale and cabbage on a daily basis, as well as regular parts of commercial nuggets . What do you feed your rabbits? Are you guilty of giving them one too many carrots? The purpose of the "Hay Fever" campaign is to_.
|
[
"suggest new types of healthy food for pet rabbits",
"teach rabbit owners what to do when their pets get tooth decay",
"instruct rabbit owners to make proper diet choice for their pets",
"clear up people's misunderstandings about rabbits."
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Select the vertebrate.
|
[
"squirrel",
"saturn butterfly"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
The computer is fast, and never makes a mistake, while people are too slow, and full of mistakes sometimes. That's what people often say when they talk about computers. For over a quarter of a century, scientists have been making better and better computers. Now a computer can do a lot of everyday jobs wonderfully. It is widely used in factories, hospitals, post offices and airports. A computer can report, decide and control in almost every field. Many computer scientists are now thinking of making the computer "think" like a man. With the help of a person, a computer can draw pictures, write music, talk with people, play chess, recognize voices, translate languages and so on. Perhaps computers will one day really think and feel. Do you think the people will be afraid when they find that the computer is too clever to listen to and serve the people? The best title for this passage is _ .
|
[
"Computer",
"Computer scientists",
"The Future World",
"Talk with Computers"
] | 0A
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In what leaf structure is photosynthetic tissue found?
|
[
"cuticle",
"upper epidermis",
"mesophyll",
"vascular bundle"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Many people who are overweight have poor digestion . For the most part, poor digestion is not a habit given by our parents. We give it to ourselves through the way we eat. Oh, poor digestion can lead to weight problems. Here's how: When a person feels stressed, the part of the central nervous system that connects digestion switches off. This is called the parasympathetic nervous system . At those times of stress, the body can take in food and process some of it, but digestion doesn't work correctly to digest all the nutritional goodness from the food. Poor digestion is not always obvious by observing symptoms; you can get some illnesses but not always. Poor digestion can be seemingly silent. If you eat when you are stressed, anxious, or nervous, you might as well be eating cardboard for all the nutrients your body gets. Yes, eating when stressed is a gaining situation. Now you might think, well, if I'm not digesting, the calories aren't getting handles, so I should be losing weight. Good idea, but wrong reality. When digestion is not proper, the body starts "starving" from lack of necessary nutrients . Yes, it goes into a starvation problem and starts absorbing fat and energy. It thinks it's in a famine . The good news is that it's easy to make some corrections and get rid of stress at mealtimes. If you feel stressed often, it can be helpful to take other food that contains multiple B vitamins. These help, but you could still find yourself stressed at mealtimes. The author wrote the passage to tell us_.
|
[
"how to deal with stress at mealtimes",
"what kind of food can be easily digested",
"eating when you're stressed can cause weight problems",
"eating too much resulted"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Using only these supplies, which question can Alana investigate with an experiment?
|
[
"When placed in the sun, does a glass jar wrapped in a black cotton shirt heat up more than a glass jar wrapped in a white cotton shirt?",
"When placed in the sun, does a glass jar wrapped in cotton heat up more than a glass jar wrapped in wool?",
"When wrapped in a cotton shirt and placed in the sun, does a large jar or a small jar heat up more?"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Some scientists say that animals in the ocean are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings. The noise that affects sea creatures comes from a number of human activities. It is caused mainly by industrial underwater explosions, ocean drilling, and ship engines. Such noises are added to natural sounds. These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes, and sounds made by animals themselves. Decibels measured in water are different from those measured on land. A noise of 120 decibels on land causes pain to human ears. In water, a decible level of 195 would have the same effect. Some scientists have suggested setting a noise limit of 120 decibles in oceans. They have observed that noises above that level can frighten and confuse whales. A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that loud noises could seriously injure some animals. The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing, which seriously affected the whales' ability to exchange information and find their way. Some of the whales even died. The explosions had caused their ears to bleed and become infected . Many researches whose work depends on ocean sounds disagree with a limit of 120 decibels. They say such a limit would mean an end to important industrial and scientific research. Scientists do not know how many and what kinds of noises are harmful to ocean animals. However, many scientists suspect that noise is a greater danger than they previously believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean. As to the effects of noises on whales, which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
|
[
"They are deaf to noises.",
"Noises at a certain level may hurt them.",
"They are easily confused by noises.",
"Noises will limit their ability to reproduce."
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
One determined student stepped off the traditional job for blind people in China, and now challenges a new life at university in Britain. Being a message therapist is a perfect job for many people with a visual disability, but for Zheng Jianwei, it was far from enough. The 30-year-old former massage therapist gave up his hospital job in 2009to prepare for admission to graduate school. He took IELTS , the language-fluency test necessary for university admission in the UK, in 2012 and scored 6.5 points. He was the first blind examinee to take the IELTS in the Southeast Chinese region. After about four year's struggles, Zheng successfully gain an offer from the University of Essex in the United Kingdom and became a graduate student. However,Zheng's path to graduate school was not easy. "I can't take China's national entrance exam for graduate school, which doesn't provide study material for blind students," he says. He then turned to search for graduate school overseas. However, English became his nightmare. Zheng studied in special schools for visually challenged students since primary school, but foreign language was never a main subject. Before giving up his job and learning English again in 2009, Zheng only knew the alphabet, a few words and some basic expressions. "Learning English again in my late 20s is not easy," he says. It took him three years of intensive study to gain entrance to a graduate school overseas. Because of the lack of study material, Zheng needs to spend hours and days looking for textbooks for the visually disabled and copying them, while it may take only five minutes for a sighted person to order a plain English textbook from Amazon. In his parents' eyes, Zheng has been a sensible, independent and decisive man from a young age. Zheng made all the major decisions by himself, including studying abroad and choosing majors. "We just follow his decisions, " the mother says. Which of the following can match Zheng Jianwei's story?
|
[
"All mankind is created equal.",
"Many hands make light work.",
"Rome is not built in a day.",
"Nothing is impossible when mind is set."
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
BEIJINCG, Feb.28, 2008 (Xinhua) -- China plans to carry out its first spacewalk in second half of the year, an official of the nation's manned space program said here on Thursday. The Shenzhou VII spacecraft will be launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in the northwestern province of Gansu late in the year and the astronauts will leave their spaceship for the first time, the official told Xinhua. Compared with the previous two manned space flights, the upcoming Shenzhou VII space mission is more complex.Besides the spacewalk, the crew is also expected to perform extra-vehicular work such as fixing and tightening equipment.The spaceship will also release a small inspection satellite, which keeps an eye on its own performance. China may live broadcast the first ever spacewalk."The Shenzhou VII spaceship is able to live-broadcast the walk, but it has not been decided whether the spacewalk will be broadcast in a live or recorded version," the official told Xinhua. Breakthroughs have been made in significant techniques related to the spacewalk.Research into the development of spaceship and rockets has been going smoothly, and astronauts have undertaken extensive training, according to the official. The Shenzhou VII mission will start the second phase of China's three-stage space program.said the official. In the second stage, China plans further breakthroughs in manned space flight, such as space walks.In this phase, China will put into orbit a space laboratory staffed by humans for short periods and create a fully-equipped space engineering system. In the third stage, China will build a permanent space station and a space engineering system.Astronauts and scientists will travel between the Earth and the space station to conduct large-scale experiments. Which is true according to the passage?
|
[
"Important technique about spacewalk remain uncertain in spite of researches.",
"spacewalk is the only factor that leads to Shenzhou VII mission's complexity.",
"Due to Shenzhou VIPs inability, it's uncertain how to broadcast the spacewalk.",
"Our.country is getting along quite well with developing spaceship and rockets,"
] | 3D
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Hey there, So you're about to spend four years of your life and tens of thousands of dollars of your parents' money, and all you really know about college is that all of your friends are going. Do you ever stop to wonder why you're going? Relax. You're making the right decision. First of all, you'll discover what interests you by taking courses in many subjects. For example, it's hard to decide if you want to be a painter if you've never painted any pictures; once you're in a drawing-room on campus, you'll know one way or the other. College is also a lot of fun--after you graduate, you'll be working every weekday for 50 or so years. And remember that college graduates get about twice the of those who never attended college. Finding the right college can be difficult. Fortunately, is here to help you every step of the way. Researching School. To us, the most important decision you'll make is to choose the school that really fits you best---- not the one that is the most competitive or has the best-equipped rooms. Applying to School. On , you'll find hundreds of actual college applications and links to many more. Raising Your Scores. American College Test is one of the most important parts of the admissions course. It's not the most important, though, and not everyone needs to prepare for the best. But, if you think you can do better, find the right course for better scores. Paying for School. Most families need financial aid for the high cost of college. The problem is that financial aid seems difficult to get and many families get caught up in the price of college. However, if you really do your research, you'll learn that there are many ways to get financial aid and that you can afford to attend any college, no matter the cost. For more information, call 600-3681 or visit J , wherever you go, have a nice trip! Johnson Smith Founder and CEO John Review Which of the following will the author agree?
|
[
"Johnson Review can help you find the right college more easily.",
"The most important part for college admission is the College Test.",
"It is not worth going to college nowadays in America",
"If you want to find a place to spend your holiday, visit"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Many people like animals such as dogs and cats and keep one or more of them as pets. If you keep a dog or a cat as a pet, you must know how to look after it. A grown-up dog needs two meals a day --not more. It can eat meat, fish, rice and some other things. Dogs like large bones , but you can't give them chicken bones. Remember to give them much clean water. A dog should have a clean, dry box for sleeping. Washing it once a week is good for its health. If it is ill, take it to a doctor. A healthy dog will bring you more pleasure. Be careful when you choose a cat. A cat has two meals a day with some meat or fish. It drinks a little milk every day. Sometimes you can give it vegetables to eat. Don't forget that it needs clean water to drink. Take good care of your pets, they will be your good friends. Maybe they can give you some help when you are in need. Cats usually drink _ .
|
[
"orange",
"red ink",
"apple juice",
"milk and water"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
One of the easiest ways to keep healthy is to do jogging. Jogging is the name for a very gentle running--it is just a little faster than walking. Start slow jog 20 meters, then walk 20 meters. Little by little, if you are not feeling very tired, you may do more jogging and less walking. Finally, jog the whole way. It will be easy for you to start jogging for 15 minutes twice a week, slowly, increase this to 20~30minutes every day. The longer you join in jogging, the more you enjoy it and the healthier you will become. Some people like jogging alone, and others enjoy doing it with friends. Jogging in groups makes more people keener , because you just can not stay in bed while there is a group of friends waiting outside. If you want to start jogging, prepare a pair of comfortable shoes and _ mind. If you are not feeling very tired, _ .
|
[
"you may do more jogging",
"you may do more running",
"you are very healthy and needn't do more jogging",
"you may just do more walking"
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
IMAGINE if there was a device that could do everything for you - wake you up every morning, chat with you and type your e-mails. The piece of technology in question would be smart, able to tell you about the weather and where the nearest restaurants are. The good thing is you no longer need to wonder, because something like this already exists. And its name is Siri. Siri is a voice recognition application designed for Apple products and the concept has been around for almost a year. When Siri first came out it could only speak English, but now it has "learned" lots of new languages, including Chinese, Cantonese and Taiwanese, reported The Wall Street Journal. So, you can give it orders in your mother tongue. But how could a cell phone or a computer "hear" what you are saying and understand it? This is all because of voice recognition technology. When you speak, your voice creates vibrations in the air - a bit like waves in the water when you throw a rock into the lake. The microphone receives the vibrations and the computer changes them into digital data that is then divided into many parts. They are analyzed one by one to see what pronunciations each part stands for. The computer then puts these pronunciations together into possible words according to its built-in dictionary. But figuring out the words is far from enough; building words into meaningful sentences is the most difficult part. The computer has to compare what it hears to a large library of known phrases and sentences to determine what the user is saying. However, people don't always talk in the most standard way and sometimes make grammatical mistakes. This is why traditional voice recognition software always requires you to remember keywords and to speak in a certain way. Fortunately, Siri isn't like that. It's not just "voice recognition"; it's "natural language understanding (NLU)". You can ask it things like "Do I need an umbrella today?" and it will know that you are asking about the weather, according to ABC News. "The key thing is NLU - understanding what you mean and what you want," Neil Grant from Nuance, a software company in the US, told The Guardian. "Historically, you had to learn a huge long list of commands . As NLU progresses, you can say what you want in a way that's natural to you." The text is mainly about _ .
|
[
"the convenience of future life.",
"an introduction to the Apple products.",
"the working system of voice recognition",
"the introduction to Siri"
] | 3D
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Surgeons in Spain have successfully carried out the world's first organ transplant using new stem cell technology. Some people are calling it the greatest medical breakthrough so far this century. But what are stem cells? As we know, most cells in our bodies are designed to serve specific purposes - for example, a liver cell develops to work in the liver and cannot become a heart cell. But stem cells are different. They are very young, and in the laboratory scientists can grow them into different types of cell. Claudia Castillo needed a new windpipe after getting a serious disease. Scientists from the University of Bristol in the UK took a donor windpipe, or trachea, from someone who had recently died. They used strong chemicals to remove the donor's cells, leaving a tissue scaffold . This was refilled with cells from Ms Castillo's windpipe, and stem cells from her bone. After four days the cells had grown sufficiently for the windpipe to be transplanted into Ms Castillo. Currently, transplant patients have to take drugs for the rest of their lives to prevent their bodies rejecting the new organs. These drugs can have bad side-effects, and do not always prevent rejection. But by using Ms Castillo's own cells, doctors were able to trick her body into thinking the new windpipe was her own organ. Five months on, Claudia Castillo is in perfect health. This ground-breaking procedure could be used in other transplant operations in the future. Scientists also believe stem cells might be used to treat Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, heart disease, stroke, arthritis, diabetes, burns and so on. However, stem cell research is extremely controversial. The most effective stem cells do not come from adults but from embryos created in laboratories and which are just a few days old. Many people have religious or ethical objections to growing embryos, even if they can be used to cure diseases. Stem cells are different from the other ceils in the way that _ .
|
[
"they are grown in the lab only",
"they can grow into different types of cell",
"they are designed for a specific purpose",
"they can work in the liver not in the heart"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Based on this information, what is Sage's phenotype for the coat pattern trait?
|
[
"white spots",
"aa"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Amazing Scientific Breakthrough Helps You Lose Weight without Starvation Diets or Tiring Exercise Have You Ever Wished... There was a fast easy and reliable way to safely drop weight by magically _ your food desires? An easy way to use product that magically melts off ugly fat without "dieting,"[calorie counting, or tiring exercise? What if this breakthrough could also increase your energy levels and brightened your mood throughout the day? Introducing...The Amazing Diet Patch The all new Amazing Diet Patch(as seen on TV) is a revolutionary new weight loss system that makes you lose 3 to 7 pounds wee after week! Until you fit into the clothes you've always dreamed of! This is the fastest most effective and safe way to lose weight. Without starvation diets or strenuous exercise! How Does It Work? The secret is a material called Fucus Vesiculosus that suppresses your food desires, and increases your metabolism turning your body into a fat burning machine. Just listen to what others are saying about it: After the birth of my child I started gaining weight quickly and nothing would make me lose weight. At first I wondered if the diet patch really worked? But I decided to try the free sample, and after the first seven days I lost 7-Lbs. I couldn't feel better about myself. --Sherry Parker I could not believe how easy it was to use the Amazing Diet Patch! I've tried using pills, but I would always forget to take pills before my meals. Now with the patch I just put it on in the morning and forget about it. --Jeff Robins Not Available In Stores But you can get it right here directly from us through this special online offer. And we're willing to absorb 100% of the risk by giving you a 1-Week Free Trial! The purpose of the Amazing Diet Patch is to lose your weight by _ .
|
[
"change your metabolism",
"doing large amount of exercises",
"brightening your mood",
"increasing your diet"
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Food is colorful. Some food is green, some food is red, and some is black. Now more and more people like to have black food--black rice, black beans, black grapes. Why do they like black food? * Black food can make grey hair into black hair. * Black food is good for the heart. * Black food can help children become smart. * Black food can also help women look young. Black food is very good, but we need food with different colors. Doctors say that it isn't good to be _ about food. So we had better eat all kinds of food. Now more and more people like to have _ .
|
[
"red food",
"green food",
"black food",
"rice"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Based on this information, what is this tomato plant's genotype for the fruit texture gene?
|
[
"Ff",
"smooth fruit"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Many of today's parents fondly remember childhood days spent playing outdoors. When children make mud pies and observe ants, it may seem like just fun and games, but the truth is the outdoor play is an important part of growing up healthily. The National Association for the Education of Young Children reports that outdoor play reduces (make...less) stress and restlessness in children and improves their attention. Outdoor play is the perfect way to fight against the childhood's obesity(being fat).Research shows that children who play outdoors are more fit and thin, according to the National Center for Physical Development and Outdoor Play. Children who spend time outside on a regular basis also have healthier immune systems. And playing outdoors is a good way to get enough vitamin D. Playing outside enables children to relax , reduces tension and helps them solve problems. When children play outdoors, they learn to share and cooperate (work together) with one another. Kids who feel confident outdoors are likely to become able clever adults. The outdoors is a giant laboratory for learning that improves creative thinking and problem solving. Researchers have found that children learn best when their body, mind and spirit are involved , and this appears in outdoor play. Outside activities develop all five senses, which create a powerful learning environment. The outdoors also lets children have the chance to explore , experiment, form questions and create their own ideas about how the world works. Although there are the many advantages of outdoor play, time spent outside has been reduced for many of today's children. Kids today spend much more time in front of electronic media than children a generation ago. The lack of outdoor play is tied to the childhood widespread obesity. And experts predict that the situation is so serious that this generation will have much trouble when they grow up. To get kids involved with the outdoors, encourage them to collect rocks, fly kites, climb trees, garden, camp, swim, go fishing, watch birds and butterflies or play games with other children. Why don't the children play outdoors nowadays?
|
[
"Because their parents prevent them from going out.",
"Because they spent time on computers and so on.",
"Because their parents want to make them indoors.",
"Because they do not know what to do outsides."
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
If your dog or cat is eating grass, it means it's going to rain. False maybe. There' s no evidence that when a dog or cat is eating grass in the front yard, it' s going to rain. But then, there's no evidence that it isn't going to rain, either. Doctors think dogs and cats eat grass to help make their stomach better or maybe just because they like the taste of it. You'll get sick if you go outside in cold weather with wet hair. False. You might feel cold, but you can't catch a cold because you were outside with wet hair. Many churches have prevented people from throwing rice at weddings because the rice grows larger in a bird's stomach when eaten, causing the bird to explode . True and false. It's true many churches have prevented people from throwing rice, but this is more likely because the rice can become slick on a road or street. There's nothing about rice that will hurt birds. Rice is an important part of many bird's food. Chocolate is Poisonous to dogs. True. Chocolate has theobromine, which can make your dog sick. So, if you don't want to put your dog's life at risk, don't feed it with chocolate. The number of people visiting the hospital goes way up during a full moon. False. According to researchers, there is no evidence that more people visit the hospital during a full moon, though more people do seem to get caught by the police during that time. The idea that the moon influences behavior has been studied for thousands of years--even the word "lunacy", which means crazy behavior, is based on the word "luna" or "moon". As the moon grows to be full, it may _ .
|
[
"influence human behavior",
"cause people to get sick easily",
"help people with their studies",
"make people say bad things about others"
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
I learned my first lesson from my grandparents when I was young. They both grew up in very large families and lived through the Great Depression. Saving for a rainy day was their life philosophy. Rather than seeking fulfillment through material items, they chose to spend really simple life together with their family. Over the years my grandparents notice dramatic changes in their community. Every year more farmland was destroyed to build larger and larger homes. As real estate prices rose, many of their neighbors sold their little homes and land. Soon theirs was the only small house surrounded by a sea of mansions. My grandparents built and lived in a small 600-square-foot cottage for most of their adult lives. Lots of family members encouraged my grandparents to expand their little old house. But they didn't want a bigger one. They loved their little house and were content with what they had. My grandparents avoided a consumptive ( ) lifestyle by painting and repairing the house themselves. They lived in a small home, but had a huge garden. They loved gardening and planting because it reduced their grocery bill, improved their health, and gave them an excuse to be outside. They also reused and recycled many things. For in- stance. they had driven the same car for over 15 years and didn't buy a new one until the old Chevrolet was worn out. From my grandparents, I learned an important lesson: it is possible to live a simple life. My grandparents taught me that living a simple life isn't about self-deprivation . Instead ,it's about giving yourself the time, freedom, and money to pursue your dreams. Becoming debt free, downsizing to a smaller home, and going out on foot instead of by car are good ways to take control of your life and start pursuing your dreams. Which of the following is a consumptive lifestyle in the grandparents' opinion?
|
[
"Changing cars in a short time.",
"Planting vegetables in the garden.",
"Reusing and recycling things.",
"Repairing the house themselves."
] | 0A
|
high_school_microeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
which one of these would be most nourished?
|
[
"a person who eats once daily",
"a person fasting all day",
"a person who only drinks water",
"a person who feeds thrice daily"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
An observer on Jupiter would encounter localized periods of
|
[
"darkness and light",
"constant nuclear fission",
"supernovas",
"black holes"
] | 0A
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Many grown-ups worry that spending too much time playing video games isn't good for a kid's health. But some doctors have noticed that kids who bring their game players to the hospital seem less worried about being there. They also seem to feel less pain when they are giving all their attention on a car race or other games. At a children's center in Baltimore, Maryland, young kids are finding hospital visits easier to deal with, thanks to a test program called HOPE. Patients in HOPE have a life-threatening condition where their kidneys no longer get rid of wastes from their blood. To get their blood cleaned, these kids must use the dialysis machines at the hospital three times a week, for at least three hours each time. HOPE allows kids to play Internet sports, racing, and other games with each other. They will be able to connect with kids in other hospitals who have the same problem. "We want to use the Internet to bring together kids who are ill, and let them know they are not alone," said Arun Mathews, the doctor of the program. He loved video games himself and got the idea to connect kids all over the country. Many researchers elsewhere are testing video programs that might help young patients. For example, nine-year-old Ben Duskin of San Francisco, California, who was struggling with cancer helped to design a video game where players got rid of cancer cells. That's all great news, because doctors already know that reducing pain and worry helps patients heal faster. Which can be the best title for the passage?
|
[
"Video Games Are Bad for Health",
"Video Games May Help Reduce Pain",
"A Famous American Organization",
"HOPE Allows Kids to Play Online Games"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which occurs as the kinetic energy of water molecules increases?
|
[
"Water vapor becomes ice.",
"Liquid water becomes ice.",
"Water vapor becomes liquid water.",
"Liquid water becomes water vapor."
] | 3D
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What is most easily shown by a line graph?
|
[
"the quantity of carp in a pond",
"the thoughts in a person's mind",
"the amount of nothingness in the universe",
"the number of gods in the universe"
] | 0A
|
high_school_statistics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Life on-line can be a much richer experience when you aren't restricted to just written words and still pictures.Even if you're new to the Net,you've probably heard about multimedia on-line--listening to audio,watching animations and videos,even playing in three-dimensional space.Sound and movement make information come alive. To experience it,you'll need special pieces of software called plug-ins.The term "plug-in" refers to a small,add-on piece of software which extends the capabilities of your web browser,like Netscape Navigator or Microsoft Explorer,turning your computer into a radio or TV. When you arrive at a web page which contains a file requiring a plug-in which you don't have,you will usually receive a message asking if you want to get it by downloading it and installing it into your computer.Most of the time,the installation will be automatic. Occasionally,you'll run into a downloaded file which needs to be decompressed or un-zipped before installation.Once installed,plug-ins run automatically,without you having to do anything. Many multimedia controls still need to be obtained from the developer but are installed automatically. Shockwave is a good example of this.All you need to do is go to the Macromedia site and click on the link to install the ActiveX control.The rest happens automatically.The next time you go to a "Shocked" website,the Shockwave control loads and plays the movie. Most plug-ins and controls can be downloaded for free on the Internet,although not all will work with every system.Some of them,for instance,only work with Windows 95. Plug-ins can help us to do all of the following except _ .
|
[
"listening to music",
"watching animations and videos",
"playing three-dimensioned games",
"searching for information on the net"
] | 3D
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Plants that live in the rainforest have adapted in amazing ways to several very difficult conditions. This means that the plant has changed something in its "body" or "habits" to make it easier to survive in difficult conditions. There are several conditions they have had to adapted to. First, the soil of the forest floor is shallow. Also, the soil of the rainforest is not very rich, or easy to grow in. Next is the problem of very heavy rain which continues over a large part of the year. Finally, many plants of the rainforest are food for animals that live there. The biggest problem that rainforest plants have to adapt to is the lack of sunlight in the rainforest's lower levels. Plants have adapted to this problem in several ways. Many plants have very large leaves. The large leaf is helpful because it has a bigger surface area. The bigger surface area a leaf has, the more sunlight it can absorb. The canopy trees adapt by growing to be 100 feet tall so that their leaves can grab all available sunlight. Other plants called lianas have adapted by rooting themselves in the soil of the forest floor and growing up the trees until they reach the canopy layer. Still other plants, such as epiphytes, have adapted by growing directly on the trees' trunks and branches in the canopy and understory layers of the rainforest. An adaptation to the large amounts of rainfall that many rainforest plants have is called "drip tips". Their leaves are tapered to a sharp point at the end. This allows water to run off the leaf quickly. There are many other adaptations that rainforest plants have made to their environment. These will be discussed in detail, as we investigate the plants of the rainforest! Which of the following is a difficulty that the rainforest plants have to face?
|
[
"Changes in their \"body\" or \"habits\".",
"Epiphytes that grow on trees' trunks.",
"Soil that is not very deep.",
"The worsening of the natural environment."
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Generally speaking, American food is not very thick in taste. Salads are much liked and are served all year round. Many Americans are trying to keep down their weight. This is shown in menus offering "low calorie " or "weight watchers" meals. In markets, one can find "No Cal" drinks (meaning without calories) such as cola. Many Americans drink coffee or tea with their meal. If a waiter in an American restaurant asks "Now or later?", what he means is "Do you want coffee with your meal or later?" When eating out in the USA, we can ask for tea, milk, beer, and so on, if we prefer these to coffee. American restaurants cannot serve beer, wine, or liquor unless they are licensed to do so. The main dish in American meals is usually meat, chicken or fish, but more than one of these is hardly served at the same meal. Most Americans eat quickly during the day--that is, breakfast and lunch--unless it is a social, business, or family situation. The evening meal, however, is usually a family time. Racing through daytime meals is part of the "American pace" of life, for working hours are considered important. The nationwide fast-food restaurants are suitable for the ways of American eating. The standard products, of nearly the same price, are served quickly, and taste the same whether bought in New York City or in Los Angeles. McDonald's is a popular restaurant. It offers many choices of hamburgers, French fries and "cokes". These foods are rich in fats, sugar and salt. Often, they are the major meal of the day of many young working people. In American restaurants, the standard foods _ .
|
[
"have different prices",
"taste different from place to place",
"are very expensive",
"can be served quickly"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Reptiles become more active as the day gets warmer. This is because
|
[
"they have scaly skin.",
"they have slimy skin.",
"their body temperature stays at a constant level.",
"their body temperature changes with the environment."
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
James lives in Hawaii and his mother lives in Korea. James speaks English (he never learned Korean), and his mom only speaks Korean. They communicate perfectly. Eric is from Honduras, but he lives in the U.S. Eric just started learning English and speaks very little. But, everyday Eric reads the latest local US news on the Web, with no problem. What these people (and close to 60 million others around the world) share is a remarkable, free software program called Babylon. Babylon may well be the most advanced translation software in the world, and it's a must-have for anyone whose life goes beyond the borders of their own language or those who want it to. Once you download it, you can simply highlight the part in practically any format, and it's instantly translated into the language of your choice. You can use it to translate a website, email, word doc, pdf, and actually any document in any format you can think of. You can write a document in your native language, and Babylon will instantly translate it into another before you send it. The program translates 75 languages, including Spanish, Chinese, Arabic, Indian, and Russian. It also includes up-to-date encyclopedias , dictionaries, and spell checkers. Babylon is a long way from early translation software that would, more often than not, make an unreadable text with grammar errors that was better suited for making laughs than comprehension. Babylon's ability to understand and translate is perfect. In fact, businesses are adopting Babylon as the standard when it comes to translating commercial communications and other important documents. Babylon is also a great tool for people who are learning another language. Use it anytime you come across a word or passage you don't understand. What users enjoy most is the program's ability to open up a different world to them. Whether it's surfing a news site in a different country, or being able to properly communicate with a family member or friend overseas, Babylon can make it happen. Best of all, Babylon is free! To get your free copy, visit Babylon.com. Which of the following is more likely to use Babylon?
|
[
"Students learning their languages.",
"A man working as a secretary.",
"A company doing international trades.",
"People who often chat on line."
] | 2C
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
People should go outside and absorb some sunshine to help increase their vitamin D levels, some experts say. Arthritis Research UK. which is a British medical research organization dedicated to curing arthritis , says vitamin D deficiency can cause bone loss, muscle function problems and, in some cases, rickets in children. The government recommends vitamin D supplements for pregnant women and children aged under five. But on sunny days, a few minutes outdoors should achieve the same results, Arthritis Research UK says. Figures show that up to a quarter of the population has low levels of vitamin D in their blood and the majority of pregnant women do not take vitamin D supplements. People aged over 65, pregnant and breast-feeding women and children aged six months to five years old are thought to be most at risk. Vitamin D is essential to help the body absorb calcium from food. Low levels of vitamin D can result in serious problems. Alan Silman, the medical director of Arthritis Research UK, said, "When the days are sunny, go out for a few minutes and expose your face and arms to the sunshine." But he also had a warning on overexposure. "Don't allow your skin to go red, and take care not to burn, particularly in strong sunshine and if you have fair or sensitive skin. From June to August, just 15 minutes is generally enough time." "In less sunny months," Alan Silman added, "we recommend that people add more vitamin D in their diet by eating more oily fish such as salmon, tuna, and foods rich in vitamin D, such as cereals ." In which column of a newspaper could we possibly find this text?
|
[
"Fashion.",
"Health.",
"Diet.",
"Sports."
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Warm weather organisms live in what kind of climates?
|
[
"icey",
"summerlike",
"frosty",
"frigid"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Puddles on a sidewalk are evaporating quickly. What most likely causes the puddles to evaporate?
|
[
"heat",
"clouds",
"air",
"water"
] | 0A
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Both hurricanes and tornadoes always ___.
|
[
"cause flooding",
"are hundreds of miles wide",
"have high winds",
"produce light snow"
] | 2C
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
A mosquito is a type of flying insect that lays eggs in puddles or small pools of water. When larvae develop from eggs, the larvae come to the surface to get air through special breathing tubes. After one to two weeks, the larvae become pupae and then turn into adults. How would a dry summer affect a mosquito population?
|
[
"The mosquito larvae would take longer to become pupae.",
"The adult mosquitoes would have fewer places to lay eggs.",
"The adult mosquitoes would get fluids by feeding more often.",
"The mosquito larvae would use their breathing tubes to live on land."
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Welcome to WeKnowDiets.com. We have compiled the most comprehensive database of information for people who are looking for a trimmer body and healthier lifestyle. There are now thousands of Weight-Loss Products and Diet Programs available to choose from-that can be a little confusing. Our goal is to give you a quick snapshot of what options are available to you. We will inform you of the hottest new ingredients and which products and programs bring you the most quality and best results. The most popular ones NuPhedrine-burn 500 more calories per day NuPhedrine is probably one of the best weight-loss pills ever made. What is so impressive about this pill is that the makers can honestly say that you WILL burn at least 500 more calories per day just by taking NuPhedrine. _ Miracle Fat Burning Cream Imagine being able to target your problem areas for rapid results. Now you can do just that. We have found that Miracle Fat Burning Cream is clinically proven to burn fat and it uses a patented delivery technology that works immediately. _ Alli Diet Pill This diet pill, claims to provide weight loss that "won't be easy". This product does not seem to promise particularly fast results, and instead emphasizes gradual weight loss. The accompanying book is intended to act as a companion to the weight-loss product. _ Bikini Boot Camp-14 days for a bikini body It is a customized back-to-basics system, which, regardless of its name, is actually about putting "fun" back into exercise while eating in a balanced way. The developers of this diet system make it accessible to everyone by bringing it into people's homes-in both a book and an online-based plan. _ Bikini Boot Camp is different from the others in that _ .
|
[
"ordinary people can afford it",
"it is a diet program full of fun",
"you eat less but exercise more",
"it can save you much money"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Jayla has naturally straight hair.
|
[
"acquired",
"inherited"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
For centuries,mankind and dogs have suffered from a communication failure.We can tell dogs what we want them to do and sometimes they comply,but we've always struggled when it comes to understanding the true meaning of their barks and whimpers.There is exciting news now-a dog translator has been invented to help you communicate with your furry friend. Researchers at North Carolina State University have fashioned some kind of miracle dog translator body harness .What's special about it is that it doesn't just rely on the dog's vocalizations to interpret what Fido is banging on about. Oh no-this miracle harness reads and interprets the ordinary dogs'body language as well,giving us a full two-way dog communication experience. Researcher David Roberts says:"Dogs communicate primarily through body language,and one of our challenges was to develop sensors that tell us about their behavior by observing their posture remotely." Sensors on the harness monitor the dog's heart rate and body temperature and software builds up a vocabulary,letting the human know what the dog is feeling. What would dogs say if they could talk to us?The human can even communicate back through the harness thanks to vibration motors,supposedly by tapping into the dog's senses so that it can understand what you're trying to say to it. The dog harness is designed for dogs involved in search and rescue and other front-line work,but it's got us dreaming of a beautiful future,one where humans and dogs can co-exist as equals,with the dog able to fully express itself at all times. For what purpose is the dog harness designed?
|
[
"It is designed for dogs to understand what people are trying to say to them.",
"It is designed for a full two-way dog communication experience.",
"It is designed to monitor the dog's heart rate and body temperature.",
"It is designed for dogs doing seach and rescue and other front-line work."
] | 3D
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When oxygen combines with hydrogen, which substance is formed?
|
[
"water",
"vinegar",
"hydrochloric acid",
"hydrogen dioxide"
] | 0A
|
college_chemistry
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Do you have any friends? What do you think of friendship ? Here are some opinions from Ann,Pedro,Crystal and Roy. Ann comes from Japan!She likes to have friends who really care about her. She thinks a true friend won't leave her alone when she is in trouble. Besides,she hopes they can teach her English. Pedro is from Canada. He thinks that friendship means giving. If you want others to care about you,you must care about them first. Crystal was born in China. She has the same opinion with Pedro. The real meaning of friendship is giving others something instead of thinking about taking anything back. What about Roy from Japan? He doesn't care about the looks of his friends. In his opinion,a sincere heart is more important than looks. If you are in the same country with Roy,you can write emails to him. Where is Crystal from?
|
[
"America.",
"Japan.",
"China.",
"Canada."
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In north America people are always in a hurry.Children have special lessons or sports activities after school.Parents often work late and don't get home until 7 or 8 o'clock at night.More than 50% of women work at full-time jobs,and many people do part-time work.Most North American families don't have time to eat many meals together. When a family takes the time to eat a meal together,often there isn't enough time to prepare the food That is why "fast food "is so popular in North America.People spend about 40% of their dollars on fast food. Fast food is food such as pizza, sandwiches or fried chicken.People usually buy the food from a restaurant chain such as Pizza Hut,McDonald's,or Kentucky Fried Chicken.Fast food saves time,but it is not very nutritious . Fast food is popular in many countries.American fast-food companies now have restaurants all over the world.But not everyone is happy about the spread( of North American fast food.A group of people in Italy want to fight against it.They do not want any more fast-food chains to open restaurants in their country.They also want to fight against the spread of fast food everywhere in the world. According to the writer, _ .
|
[
"people in many countries like fast food",
"fast food is not at all popular in North America",
"people in North America spend most of their money on fast food",
"fast food is becoming more and more popular in the world"
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
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