question
stringlengths 4
6.54k
| choices
listlengths 2
5
| answer
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stringclasses 32
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stringclasses 4
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|---|---|---|---|---|
Expanded use of computer technology ,development of stronger and lighter materials ,and research on pollution control will produce better, _ automobiles . In the 1980s the ides that a car would "talk" to its driver was science fiction; by the 1990s it had become reality. On board navigation was one of the new automotive technologies in the 1990s. By using the satellite-aided global positioning system(GPS), a computer in the automobile can pinpoint the car's location within a few feet. The onboard navigation system uses and electronic compass ,digitized maps , and a display screen showing where the car is to the destination the driver wants to reach. After being told the destination, the computer locates it and directs the driver to it , offering alternative routes if needed. Some cars now come equipped with GPS locator beacons ,enabling a GPS system operator to locate the vehicle ,map its location and ,if necessary ,direct repair or emergency workers to the scene. Gars equipped with computers and cellular telephones can link to the Internet to obtain constantly updated traffic reports ,weather information, route directions ,and other data .Future built-in computer systems may be used to automatically get business information over the Internet and manage personal affairs while the vehicle's owner is driving. Through which means can a car get weather information?
|
[
"Computers and cellular telephones",
"The Internet",
"Future built-in computer systems",
"GPS"
] | 0A
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which is likeliest to harm an organism?
|
[
"cookies",
"drinking",
"eating",
"a car explosion"
] | 3D
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Some plants grow only in specific places in the world. Some cacti, for example, grow only in deserts. Which of the following is most important in determining where a plant can grow and survive?
|
[
"animals",
"climate",
"tides",
"wind"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
Topeka, Kansas, is located in an open prairie. So, it is windy all year long.
|
[
"weather",
"climate"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
A food additive is any substance that is added to food. Many people are put off by the idea of "chemicals in food". The truth is that all food is made up of chemicals. Natural substances like milk, as well as man-made ones like drinks on sale in the market, can be described by chemical formulas . Some chemical substances are indeed harmful, but a person who refused to consume any chemicals would find nothing to eat. The things we eat can be divided into natural and man-made substances. Some people feel that only natural foods are healthy and that all man-made ingredients are to be avoided. But many natural chemicals, found in plants and animals, are harmful when eaten, and some laboratory----made substances increase the nutritional value of food.Other chemicals have natural and man-made forms that are exactly alike: vitamin C is vitamin C, whether it comes from a test tube or from an orange.Like "chemical", "man-made" doesn't necessarily mean "not fit to eat". Food additives are used for many reasons. We add sugar and salt and other things to foods we prepare at home to make them taste better. Food producers have developed a range of additives that stabilize, thicken, harden, keep dry, keep wet, keep firm, or improve the appearance of their products. Additives can make food more convenient or nutritious, give it a longer shelf life, and make it more attractive to the consumer, thus increasing the sales and profits of the producers. Food additives are presently the centre of a storm of serious argument. Food producers have been known to use additives that have not been proved safe; some substances in common use have been proved unsafe and have been taken off the market. Many people feel there's a risk of eating food to which anything has been added. But food additives are now regulated by the FDA of the federal government, and new additives are subjected to strict testing before they can be placed on the market. For most people, the chances of developing serious side effects from the long-term use of presently approved food additives are very slim. We can infer from the regulation to the food additives by the FDA that _ .
|
[
"new additives will be approved more easily than before",
"food producers won't be allowed to use new food additives",
"food with common-used additives will be taken off the market",
"food additives will be used in a safer and more scientific way"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When thinking about quitting... List all the reasons why you want to quit. Every night before going to bed, repeat one of the reasons 10 times. Decide surely that you want to quit. Try to avoid negative thoughts about how difficult it might be. Develop strong personal reasons in addition to your health and duties to others. For example, think all the time you waste taking cigarette breaks, rushing out to buy a pack, hunting a light, etc. Set a date for quitting--perhaps a special day like your birthday, or a holiday. If you smoke heavily at work, quit during your vacation. Make the date seriously, and don't let anything change it. Begin to prepare yourself physically: start a modest exercise, drink more water, get plenty of rest. Immediately after quitting... The first few days after you quit, spend as much free time as possible in places where smoking is forbidden, e.g. libraries, museums, theatres, department stores, etc. Drink large quantities of water and fruit juice. Try to avoid wine, coffee, and other drinks, which remind you of cigarette smoking. Start a conversation with someone instead of asking for a match for a cigarette. If you miss the sensation of having a cigarette in your hand, play with something else--a pencil, a pen, or a ruler. If you miss having something in your mouth, try toothpicks or a fake cigarette. From the passage, we know smokers _ .
|
[
"spend a lot of time breaking the habit of smoking",
"have to stop to smoke from time to time",
"had better quit smoking during their holiday",
"start a modest exercise every day"
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
For many businessmen online education has been a dream. Now it has come true. The investment in higher education, whether financial or in terms of time, has long been impossible for many of them. But well-known educational institutions have chosen to deliver an internet-based program, and these barriers have been lifted. That is good news for people eager to improve themselves and is more attractive to employers. It is also a benefit to industry with better qualified candidates applying for jobs at every level. Having the benefits of a higher qualification without going to the university campus is attractive to many students. Campus study means greater cost, while online programs are flexible and save time, whether at home or at work. Students can achieve their degrees without causing too much _ to their career or home life. In addition to affordable, flexible classes and greater convenience, students also have access to the online learning resources of many of the world's top educational institutions. They can also communicate with their tutors no matter what time it is or whether either party is away for any reason. This has opened up the possibility of getting a qualification from a university or college that many students could only have dreamed of in the past. It also allows specialists to get the precise qualifications and focus on their studies. As well as seeing the increase of applicants from lower-incomes and housewives, studying online in the US is even becoming popular with younger people of college age. Employers have become increasingly welcome and positive to online qualifications as more candidates earn them, especially if they're properly approved by the US Department of Education. US institutions have led the way in online education provision. Many top US colleges and universities offer a range of online programs that are highly respected and in every way perfectly fit for adults who need to combine their studies with a working life. Why do people choose online education?
|
[
"They can find jobs more easily than on-campus graduates.",
"They can get qualifications from US Department of Education.",
"They can invest money in different courses provided online.",
"They can save money and arrange their time and courses freely."
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Currency held by the public
|
[
"is not part of the money supply but currency held by banks is.",
"is part of M 1 but not M2.",
"is part of the money supply but currency held by banks is not.",
"and by banks is part of the money supply."
] | 2C
|
high_school_macroeconomics
|
mmlu
|
Using only these supplies, which question can Anthony investigate with an experiment?
|
[
"When hung in the laundry room, do black cloth towels or white cloth towels dry more quickly?",
"Does a small cloth towel or a large cloth towel dry faster when hung in the backyard?",
"Do cloth towels dry faster if they are hung in the laundry room or in the backyard?"
] | 2C
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Marriages improve after children grow up and move out,according to an academic study,which suggests an" empty nest" is not always a bad thing. Popular wisdom has it that parents' relationships may suffer once their young fly the coop,because they feel they have lost their purpose in life.However, a new study by researchers at the University of California, Berkeley,has found that many couples actually feel happier when their children leave home because they are able to enjoy spending time together. In total,123 American mothers born in the 1930s were tracked for 18 years and asked to rate their satisfaction levels shortly after marrying, when they were bringing up babies,once their children reached their teenage years and finally at age 61,when almost all had" empty nests". Although not all said they were happier in general,most claimed their marriages had improved since their children had left home.Researchers believe this is not just because the spouses were spending more time together, but because they were able to enjoy each other's company more. One of the participants in the study, which is published in the journal Psychological Science,said:"Once the kids grow up...there's some of that stress removed...that responsibility removed,so things are a little more relaxed.'' Psychologist Sara Gorchoff, who carried out the investigation,said:"The take-home message for couples with young children is' hang in there'."Her co-author Oliver John added:"Don't wait until your kids leave home to schedule quality time with your partner." However, Dr Dorothy Rowe,from the British Psychological Society,said the effects of living in an "empty nest'" will depend on the parents'relationship with their children."If yod're just waiting for them to leave home so you Can get on with your life,then of course you'11 be pleased to see them go,"she said,''But if you've built your life around your children you'11 be terribly lonely."For some parents,their world falls apart when their Children leave.'' Marriages improve after children fly the coop not because
|
[
"many couples are able to spend time together",
"many couples arc able to enjoy each other's company",
"things are a little more relaxed",
"many couples needn't work at all"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Light sometimes behaves as waves and other times as particles. Which property of light is equally explainable by treating light as either particles or waves?
|
[
"interference of light",
"reflection of light",
"diffraction of light",
"polarization of light"
] | 1B
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Using only these supplies, which question can Emma investigate with an experiment?
|
[
"Will eight ounces of carbonated water or eight ounces of tap water get warmer when placed in a jar in the sun?",
"When placed in the sun, will eight ounces of water in a closed jar or eight ounces of water in an open jar get warmer?",
"When placed in the sun, will eight ounces of water in a glass jar or eight ounces of water in a plastic cup get warmer?"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
What is the morphology of the herpes virion?
|
[
"Complex with a membrane and tegument and icosahedron core",
"Baggy virion with over 50 types of spikes",
"Compact icosahedron structure",
"Small round virus"
] | 2C
|
virology
|
mmlu
|
People like to say:"The hand that rocks the cradle rules the world."Or theysay:"Behind every successful man,there is a woman." Now some women still like making their husbands and sons successful.But some women want more for themselves.They want to be successful as men. Today the best jobs are still given to men.Even when women do the same work,they are often paid less than men.Some women want these things changed.They want to stand beside the men,with the same chances for success. Now many American women are earning money outside their homes.More than half of the women at the age of eighteen to sixty-five have good jobs.In general,working women have more education than those who stay at home. Among women with jobs,eight out of ten drive a car to work,and most of them often spend their holidays away from home.They like traveling by air.Women's work has made several changes in women's lives and in men's lives,too. But things are quite different from those in the Middle East countries. In the Middle East countries,women have to stay at home.They look after their families and do all the housework.They can't find work outside.When they go out in public.they cover their faces with something and walk behind their husbands. For the past few years the women's life has been changing in those countries.Many women want to play an active role in the society.Though working gives them few chances of getting married,many men still want to marry them in the old ways. If women have got higher education _ .
|
[
"they can get better jobs more easily",
"they don't have to do any housework",
"they can travel by plane",
"they can be paid better than men"
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Entire populations of American toads breed within the same few days at the same time each year, usually late April or early May. The toads hop to their breeding ponds after the ground has warmed and the first hard spring rain falls. To get there, many of the toads will cross roads that cut through their habitat. It will be a grand view of hopping toads as well as a disastrous killing by cars! The toads are "slow in moving at that time of year--it's still cool, they've been inactive--and they get killed" by cars when crossing roads, said Serrao, a naturalist. An April night five years ago, when Serrao went out to a country road to watch the moving of the toads, he counted 100 toads; 95 were hit by cars. A similar story can be told for several other species of toads, frogs, crocodiles and turtles around the world. The world's amphibians are reducing, and road-killing is just one factor behind it. Other better-known causes of the decline include global warming, insecticides , and the loss of wetlands. Serrao says unless these animals get help crossing the road, their local populations will disappear. Jackson, a biologist, said one way to help amphibians survive road crossings is to construct "amphibian tunnels" beneath the road. Jackson says tunnels should be a 0.6-meter-by-0.6-meter box, open at the top, and fitted with an iron grate to allow enough air and light into the tunnel. In addition, fences or walls should extend out from either side of a tunnel for about 30 meters, which guide amphibians toward the tunnels. European countries have built amphibian tunnels for decades. Jackson led a team that installed the first such tunnel in prefix = st1 /Americain 1987, which helped over 3/4 of the local amphibian population safely cross the road. Jackson says that there are about a hundred amphibian tunnels in the UStoday, but many of them were not carefully designed and probably not working well because land developers wanted to save money. Which is notthe cause of the quick decline of the amphibian population?
|
[
"The use of chemicals to kill insects.",
"The reduce of wetlands.",
"The development of car industry.",
"The green house effect of the earth."
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
British researchers found that men are almost as likely as women to want children, and they feel more lonely, depressed, angry and sad than women if they don't have them. Childless women were more likely to mention personal wish and biological urge as major influences, compared to men. Men were more likely to mention cultural, societal and family pressures than women. Robin Hadley, of Keele University, found that 59 percent of men and 63 percent of women said they wanted children. Of the men who wanted children, half had experienced loneliness because they did not have any children, compared with 27 percent of women. Thirty-eight percent of men had experienced depression because they did not have any children, compared with only 27 percent of women. One in four men had experienced anger because they did not have any children, compared with 18 percent of women, while 56 percent of men had experienced sadness because they did not have any children, compared with 43 percent of women. However, no men had experienced guilt because they did not have any children although 16 percent of women had. Mr Hadley said, "My work shows that there was a similar level of wish for parenthood among childless men and women in the survey, and that men had higher levels of anger, depression, sadness, jealousy and loneliness than women. This challenges the common idea that women are much more likely to want to have children than men, and that they always experience all kinds of bad emotions more deeply than men if they don't have children." He carried out his survey of 27 men and 81 women who were not parents using an online questionnaire among people aged 20 to 66, with an average age of 41. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?
|
[
"Every woman needs a baby",
"Women are happy without children",
"Men need children more badly",
"A research about men and women"
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Burns can be caused by fire, the sun, chemicals, heated objects or fluids, and electricity. They can be minor problems or life-threatening emergencies. Distinguishing a minor burn from a more serious burn involves determining the degree of damage to the tissues of the body. If you are not sure how serious the burn is, seek emergency medical help. First-degree burns are those in which only the outer layer of skin is burned. The skin is usually red and some swelling and pain may occur. Unless the burn involves large portions of the body, it can be treated at home. Second-degree burns are those in which the first layer of skin has been burned through and the second layer of skin is also burned. In these burns, the skin reddens intensely and blisters develop. Severe pain and swelling also occur. Second-degree burns require medical treatment. Third-degree burns are the most serious and involve all layers of skin. Fat, nerves, muscles, and even bones may be affected. Areas may be charred black or appear a dry white. If nerve damage is substantial, there may be no pain at all. These burns require emergency medical attention. Follow these steps when treating minor burns at home 1) If the skin is not broken, run cool water over the burn for several minutes. 2) Cover the burn with a sterile bandage or clean cloth. 3) Take aspirin to relieve any swelling or pain. Seek emergency treatment immediately for major burns. Before an emergency unit arrives, follow these steps 1) Remove the person from the source of the burn (fire, electrical current, etc.). 2) If the person is not breathing, begin mouth-to-mouth resuscitation immediately. 3) Remove all clothing to stop further burning. If the clothing is stuck to the burn, do not attempt to remove it. 4) Cover the burned area with a cool, moist, sterile bandage or clean cloth. Do not place any creams, ointments or ice on the burned area or break blisters. 5) Monitor the patient for signs of shock, and treat accordingly. It can be inferred from the passage that _ .
|
[
"you shouldn't cover the burn with a bandage or cloth if it is severe",
"you shouldn't move the person unless you know how to do first aid",
"you shouldn't run cool water over the burn if the skin is broken",
"you shouldn't place any wet towels on the burned area"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Coffee has been a part of people's lives for thousands of years, and today it is still one of the favorite drinks in the world. Many people in the world begin their busy day by drinking a cup of or several cups of coffee. They have always said that a cup of coffee in the morning helps them begin their day in the right way. So they say a cup of coffee is necessary for them in the morning. Do you know what in the coffee makes our bodies and brains active? It is caffeine . Caffeine may increase a person's mental and physical abilities . For example, two cups of coffee will make you breathe faster and _ body heat. All this makes you heart beat faster, and doctors warn that this may be a little dangerous. Caffeine is found in tea, coffee, chocolate and some other foods. A little caffeine is probably not harmful. But much caffeine can make people nervous and sleepless. From this passage, we may know that drinking a cup of coffee late at night might _ .
|
[
"give you a headache",
"make you fall sleep",
"keep you awake",
"be dangerous"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What can a flower become?
|
[
"a fruit",
"a leaf",
"a stem",
"a branch"
] | 0A
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
People have different ways of greeting each other. They might shake hands , kiss or hug . But do you ever wonder how dogs say hello? If you are a dog lover, you already know the answer to this question. When you arrive home, your dog jumps up into your lap . It wags its tail, and sometimes gives you wet kisses. Like humans, dogs have five senses : smell, touch, sight, hearing and taste. Humans use sight as the main sense for recognizing one another. But dogs have poor eyesight. They use smell to recognize others. A dog's sense of smell is much better than a human's. It is through its sense of smell that tells the differences between different people. Dogs use smell to recognize other dogs, too. They tell the differences by the smell of pee and pooh . When two dogs meet, they smell each other's noses. Then they go side to side, and smell each other's butts . By smelling its friend's behind, a dog knows who it is with. That is also why dogs smell everything they can on the road. By smelling grass, trees and signposts , dogs know which other neighborhood dogs have been around. What is the best title of the passage?
|
[
"Humans and dogs.",
"My favorite animal.",
"How do dogs say hello?",
"Cute dogs."
] | 2C
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In order to make students become more interested in English studies,21 elementary schools in southeastern Korea have started to use robot teachers. The robot teacher is called Engkey. She was developed by the Korea Institute of Science and Technology. She is about one meter high and is white,egg-shaped. She takes a display panel as her face. She can move around the classroom while she speaks to students. She can also read books to students and dance to music by moving her head and arms. Now,21 robot teachers have been used to teach English. They are controlled by English teachers in the Philippines. There is a camera in each of the robot teachers. With the help of the cameras,English teachers in the Philippines can see and hear the students. At the same time,the facial expressions of these English teachers. This is very interesting. Besides helping students to become more interested in English,the robot teachers can also help children in poor areas without English teachers. Robot teachers have many good points. For example,they needn't have a rest because they don't get ill. Which of the following is TRUE?
|
[
"The robot teacher is about one meter high and is white, egg-shaped.",
"The robot teacher is about one meter wide and is white, egg-shaped.",
"There are twenty robot teachers in Korea.",
"The robot teacher takes a display panel as her head."
] | 0A
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
There are 45 students in our class. I have made a survey, 36 students say they like to exercise. Most boys play basketball together twice a week. But girls think basketball is difficult for them, they'd like to play volleyball together twice a week. My friend, Tony, is good at running. He runs fastest in our class. He runs for 30 minutes on the playground every evening before he goes to bed. Is it interesting? Gray is good at swimming. He goes to the swimming club three times a month in winter, and three times a week in summer. So he is pretty healthy. Some of my classmates have good eating habits. They eat both meat and vegetables. 70% of them drink milk every day. 15 students say they drink milk three or four times a week. But some students like to eat junk food, especially Sally. What's worse is that she doesn't like to exercise, so she is very fat. She always says " I'm going to lose weight tomorrow." How often does Gray swim in winter?
|
[
"Threetimesamonth.",
"Threetimesaweek.",
"Itisn'tmentionedinthepassage",
"Hardlyever"
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
We are all busy talking about and using the Internet ,but how many of us know about the history of the Internet? Many people are surprised when they find that the Internet was set up in the 1960s.At that time, computers were large and expensive. Computer networks didn' t work well .If one computer in the network broke down ,then the whole network stopped. So a new network system had to be set up. It should be good enough to be used by many different computers.If part of the network was not working ,information could be sent through another part.In this way the computer network system would keep on working all the time.At first,the Internet was only used by the government ,but,in the early 1970s, universities,hospitals and banks were allowed to use it too. However, computers were still expensive and the Internet was difficult to use.By the start of the 1990s,computers become cheaper and easier to use.Scientists had also developed software that made "surfing " the Internet more convenient . Today it is easy to get on-line and it is said that millions of people use the Internet every day. Sending e-mail is more and more popular among students. The Internet has now become one of the most important parts of people' s life. Which of the following is NOT true?
|
[
"In the 1960s computer network system went wrong easily.",
"Computers are much cheaper than before.",
"Today the Internet is used everywhere.",
"People had enough softwares to get on-line fifteen years ago."
] | 3D
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Compare the motion of three sailboats. Which sailboat was moving at the lowest speed?
|
[
"a sailboat that moved 65kilometers west in 10hours",
"a sailboat that moved 55kilometers north in 10hours",
"a sailboat that moved 90kilometers east in 10hours"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Compare the motion of two buses. Which bus was moving at a higher speed?
|
[
"a bus that moved 880kilometers in 10hours",
"a bus that moved 850kilometers in 10hours"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
How long is the Nile River?
|
[
"4,250 feet",
"4,250 inches",
"4,250 miles",
"4,250 yards"
] | 2C
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Paul observes four different samples of water. He records the temperature and volume of each sample. Which of his samples contains the greatest amount of thermal energy?
|
[
"100 mL of 10°C water",
"100 mL of 25°C water",
"5 liters of 10°C water",
"5 liters of 25°C water"
] | 3D
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
What would provide the most nutrients?
|
[
"a used popcorn bucket",
"an empty can of corn",
"a dead strawberry bush",
"a pickled jicama root"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Sasha is good at knitting hats.
|
[
"acquired",
"inherited"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
To be sure, only children experienced some things differently from those with sisters and brothers. Many feel more pressure to succeed. In the absence of brothers and sisters, only children also tend to look more _ In India, 10-year-old Saviraj Sankpal founded a support group for the tiny minority of only children. Among other things, the group does volunteer work to counter the myth that they are not responsible. "People think we're treated too kindly and ruined," says Sankpal, a computer engineering student. "But I'd like to remind them how lonely it can get." Most only children, however, say they wish for sisters or brothers only when it comes to caring for aging, unhealthy parents. Britain's David Emerson, coauthor of the book The Only Child, says that such a person bears a terrible burden in having to make all the decisions alone. Emerson knows from experience: After his father died, he chose to move his elderly mother from their family home, where she was vulnerable to house breakers, to a new one with more security . "The move was quite hard on her, and she might feel that I pushed her into it," he says. "After all, _ ." In the future, more and more only children will likely face similar choices. With working mothers increasingly the rule, many families are finding they simply don't have the time, money or energy to have more than one child. As only children become common, perhaps the world will realize that the charge made against them is unjust. It can be inferred from the passage that the author's attitude towards only children is _ .
|
[
"critical",
"objective",
"hostile",
"unjust"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
All of the following contain metric units of measurement except
|
[
"g, kg, cg",
"dL, L, mL",
"ft, yd, mi",
"N, J, W"
] | 2C
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Certain species of which type of animal gives live birth?
|
[
"Lizards",
"Snakes",
"Birds",
"Fish"
] | 0A
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
One effect of ocean pollution is that it can reduce populations of phytoplankton and algae. The reduction of these populations might have which impact on an ecosystem?
|
[
"decreasing the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere",
"decreasing the amount of oxygen being produced",
"increasing the amount of marine sediments",
"increasing salt-water fish populations"
] | 1B
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
A student wants to find the most accurate account of a scientific discovery that took place within the past three months. In which of these sources should the student look?
|
[
"newspapers",
"magazines",
"science textbooks",
"science journals"
] | 3D
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How long is a bench?
|
[
"11 inches",
"11 feet",
"11 yards",
"11 miles"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
A magnet will stick to
|
[
"a belt buckle",
"a wooden table",
"a plastic cup",
"a paper plate"
] | 0A
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When first entered, Vanak Restaurant does not look like much of a restaurant, but once the pleasant smells of kabob hit the senses, you are incapable of calling it anything else. Owned by a local couple, this Persian restaurant has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that many restaurants lack. The space is small with only a few dining tables and nearly no decoration, but the environment is truly charming. Lying in a hardly noticeable street corner, the restaurant still attracts all customers, especially those experienced in the delights of Middle Eastern cooking. A common sight is that of old Persian men sitting in the corner talking loudly about world topics, watching news events on TV, drinking a black tea known as Persian chai, and reading local Persian newspapers all the while trying to finish off their plate piled with food. The variety of food at the restaurant is limited, but the amount of each dish is fairly large.Most of the meals can serve two people and are under $10, so not only is it affordable but practical as well. The food especially appeals to health-conscious eaters because each dish is very healthy, made with limited fat and oil and served straight off the grill . The main dish that the restaurant is popular for is its kabobs, which are different style of grilled meat. One delicious and extremely healthy dish is the Joojeh Kabob, which is made of grilled chicken pieces served with either rice or bread.Another great kabob is the Chelo Kabob, a kabob consisting of grilled beef. Although the restaurant is small, the atmosphere and the food is delicious.It is a place that should not be overlooked. What activity is also mentioned apart from dining in the restaurant?
|
[
"Watching news events on TV.",
"Drinking a kind of black coffee.",
"Reading local English newspapers.",
"Discussing world topics in low voices."
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A food chain is shown. Sunlight -> Grass -> Rabbit -> Snake. What is the abiotic factor in this food chain?
|
[
"Sunlight",
"Grass",
"Rabbit",
"Snake"
] | 0A
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Like many other small boys, I was fascinated by cars, not least because my oldest brother was a bit of a car guy and subscribed to cool magazines like Car and Driver and Motor Trend. Every so often, one of those magazines would run an article on the "Car of the Future". They featured unconventional styling and things like small nuclear reactors as power sources. Yet, frankly, my car doesn't do anything that my brother's Studebaker didn't do. It goes, it stops, it burns gasoline, it plays music. I still have to steer it, and it still runs into things if I don't steer it carefully. But guess what? All of these things are subject to change in the not-so-distant future. It will still go and stop, but it may not burn gasoline, I may not have to steer it, and it may be a lot better at not running into things. Airbags aren't the be-all and end-all in safety. In fact, considering the recent news about people occasionally being killed by their airbags in low-speed collisions ,they obviously still need some development. But they aren't going away, and in fact, you can expect to see cars appearing with additional, side-impact airbags, something some European car manufacturers already offer. Better than systems to minimize injury in the event of an accident, however, are systems that minimize the likelihood of an accident happening in the first place. Future cars may be able to eliminate many of the major causes of accidents, including drunk-driving, tailgating and sleepiness. Cars could be equipped with sensors that can detect alcohol in a driver's system and prevent the car from being started, for example. Many accidents are caused by people following the car in front too closely. As early as next year, you'll be able to buy cars with radar-equipped control systems. If the radar determines you're closing too quickly with the car in front, it will ease up on the throttle . For city streets, expect other radar devices that will give advance warning that the car in front of you has slowed abruptly and you should step on the brakes-or that may even brake for you. Will cars eventually be able to drive themselves? There's no reason to think it won't be technically possible, and Mercedes is working on a system that can brake, accelerate and steer a vehicle down a highway on its own. Nobody really expects people to give up all control to their cars, but such systems could be used as failsafe systems to keep cars on the road and bring them safely to a stop even if the driver suddenly became disabled. According to the author, what will future cars do if the sensors detect alcohol in the driver's system?
|
[
"They will give a warning in advance.",
"They will brake automatically.",
"They will ease up on the throttle.",
"They will not start."
] | 3D
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A large tree was cut down with a saw. What is the best way to estimate the age of this tree?
|
[
"measure the height of the tree",
"measure the thickness of the bark",
"count the number of rings in the trunk",
"count the branches growing from the trunk"
] | 2C
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
sunlight is a heat source emitted from
|
[
"a white dwarf star",
"our only yellow star",
"a nearby quasar star",
"a red giant star"
] | 1B
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How might a dresser crab avoid attention in an aquarium containing pieces of velvet and necklaces made of colorful stones?
|
[
"hold a vibrant piece of cloth and wave it rapidly back and forth",
"display bright colors to stand out to the fish",
"transform into a bureau replete with clothing",
"disguise itself as just some junk on the bottom of the tank"
] | 3D
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
From furniture to jewelry, from the medical industry to civil engineering,three--dimensional printing can turn all sorts of ideas into objects. "I wanted to print large objects such as buildings,"said Behrokh Khoshnevis,professor of the University of Southern California.He planned to construct a house in 24 hours by applying 3D printing techniques,but he admitted there would be difficulties in meeting his goal. "For example,if you run out of ink while printing on paper,you will throw that paper away.But you cannot throw half completed buildings away if your material gets stuck,"he said.Although the printed house is not available to visit,there is a chance for people in Shanghai to see items printed in 3D. The Belgium-based company Materialize NV is currently holding a 3D printing exhibition in Shanghai that started in late 2012 and will continue until the middle of this year.The company is eager to show Asia what is possible with 3D printing. "All the pieces shown here are what cannot be made through traditional techniques. A good example of this customization is hearing aids More than l0 million people already use 3D printed hearing aids.all made according to the size of their ear."said Wim Michiels, executive vice-president at Materialise NV. "You can produce anything whenever and wherever you like.You don't need to set-up production lines for pieces that only need a limited amount of product.Setting up a production Line is a tot of work, takes a long time and is very expensive for a limited number of pieces" said Michiels. Kim Francois,managing director of Matcrialise China,said their European and American clients have at ready made the next step toward additive manufacturing with small-series production such as hearing aids. According to Khoshnevis,what is the main difficulty in printing buildings?
|
[
"Time.",
"Technique.",
"Space.",
"Material."
] | 3D
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
At East China University of Science and Technology,students will get a coupon if they eat up their food.Students can collect coupons and exchange them for small gifts, such as books, magazines, mobile phone covers and hand warmers. "It's been such a surprise," said Liang Zahaoyun, 19, a student at the university in Shanghai. "It has given us one more motivation to finish our food. " The measure is part of a national "eat-up" campaign which is organized by students to deal with food waste on campuses . Why only on campuses, you might ask? Because according to a report by Xinhna News Agency,students waste twice as much food as the national average . The campaign on campus food waste is receiving attention across the country. "The aim of the campaign is not only to encourage students to finish their food. We hope it can also encourage students to choose a more environment-friendly and healthy lifestyle," said Tao Siliang, secretary of the Youth League Committee at Shanghai University. But some school food is poorly prepared, so students do not like to finish it all. Some schools have taken notice of this and they are taking measures to improve it. "I'm glad that we've reduced food waste since the 'eat-up' campaign began. But if we call on students to waste less food, we should also improve the service and food standard on campuses." said Tao. The purpose of the campaign is mainly to _ .
|
[
"improve the school food standard",
"encourage a greener and healthier lifestyle",
"receive attention from the society",
"further improve the service in universities"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A "widow's peak" hairline in humans is coded by the dominant allele W. A straight hairline is coded by the recessive allele w. A man with a homozygous dominant WW produces a zygote with a woman with a heterozygous dominant Ww for the trait. Which allele combinations could occur in the zygote?
|
[
"WW or ww",
"WW or Ww",
"WW only",
"Ww only"
] | 1B
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Secondhand smoke isn't just a health threat to people.It can also hurt dogs and cats,veterinarians say. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,more than 126 million Americans who don't smoke are exposed to secondhand smoke in their homes,vehicles,workplaces,and public places.This exposure causes thousands of lung cancer and heart disease deaths among nonsmokers every year,according to the California Environmental Protection Agency. "Making the leap from the effects of secondhand smoke on humans to their effects on pets isn't a big one," says veterinarian Carolynn MacAllister of Oklahoma State University. "There have been a number of scientific papers recently that have reported the significant health threat secondhand smoke poses to pets," MacAllister said."Secondhand smoke has been associated with oral cancer and lymphoma in cats,lung and nasal cancer in dogs,as well as lung cancer in birds." Studies have also shown that dogs living in a smoking household are susceptible to cancers of the nose and sinus area,particularly if they are a long-nosed breed,because their noses have a greater surface area that is exposed to carcinogens and a greater area for them to accumulate.Dogs affected with nasal cancer normally don't survive for more than one year. "Short and medium-nosed dogs are more susceptible to lung cancer,because their shorter nasal passage aren't as effective at accumulating the inhaled secondhand smoke carcinogens," MacAllister said."This results in more carcinogens reaching the lungs." Birds are also at risk for lung cancer,as well as pneumonia,because their respiratory systems are hypersensitive to any type of air pollutant. To help prevent animals from being adversely affected by smoking,pet owners who smoke should have a designated smoking area that is separated from the home or stop smoking altogether,MacAllister said. What kind of dogs are likely to suffer from nasal cancer?
|
[
"Long-nosed dogs",
"Short-nosed dogs",
"Medium-nosed dogs",
"Dogs without noses"
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
It is reported that conservation groups in North America have been arguing about the benefits and dangers of wolves. Some groups believe wolves should be killed. Other people believe wolves must be protected so that they will not disappear from the wilderness For Killing Wolves In Alaska,the wolf almost disappeared a few years ago,because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport. However.1aws were established to protect the wolves from sportsmen and people who catch the animals for their fur.So the wolf population has greatly increased. Now there are so many wolves that they are destroying their own food supply. A wolf naturally eats animals in the deer family. People in the wilderness also hunt deer for food.Many of the animals have been destroyed by the very cold winters recently and by changes in the wilderness plant life.When the deer can't find enough food,they die. If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer,their prey will disappear some day.And the wolves will.too.So we must change the cycle of life in the wilderness to balance the ecology.If we killed more wolves,we would save them and their prey from dying out.We'd also save some farm animals. In another northern state,wolves attack cows and chickens for food.Farmers want the government to send biologists to study the problem.They believe it necessary to kill wolves in some areas and to protect them in places where there is a small wolf population. Against Killing Wolves If you had lived long ago,you would have heard many different stories about the dangerous wolf.According to most stories,hungry wolves often kill people for food.Even today,the stories of the "big bad wolf'"will not disappear. But the fact is wolves are afraid of people.and they seldom travel in areas where there is a human smell.When wolves eat other animals,they usually kill the very young.or the sick and injured .The strongest survive .No kind of animal would have survived through the centuries if the weak members had lived.And has always been a law of nature. Although some people say it is good sense to kill wolves,we say it is nonsense! Researchers have found wolves and their prey living in balance.The wolves keep the deer population from becoming too large, and that keeps a balance in the wilderness plant life. The real problem is that the areas where wolves can live are being used by people.Even if wilderness land is not used directly for human needs.the wolves can't always find enough food .So they travel to the nearest source, which is often a farm.Then there is danger.The "big bad wolf" has arrived! And everyone knows what happens next. The last sentence "And everyone knows what happens next" implies that in such cases _
|
[
"farm animals will be in danger and have to be shipped away",
"wolves will kill people and people will in turn kill them",
"wolves will find enough food sources on farms",
"people will leave the areas where wolves can live"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How far from Earth is an object that is 10 light years from Earth?
|
[
"10,000 km",
"10,000,000 km",
"the distance light can travel in 10 years",
"ten times the distance from Earth to the Sun"
] | 2C
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Puddles on a sidewalk are evaporating quickly. What most likely causes the puddles to evaporate?
|
[
"heat",
"clouds",
"air",
"water"
] | 0A
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Students finished a laboratory experiment using chemicals. The students made sure they safely disposed of the chemicals because they
|
[
"poured the chemicals down the sink drain.",
"placed the chemicals carefully in the trash can.",
"placed each chemical back in its original container.",
"followed the directions provided by the teacher for each chemical."
] | 3D
|
college_chemistry
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In my country, daily meals usually start with breakfast. People usually have something to drink for breakfast, like tea with sugar and lemon, cold or warm milk or Coke. Many people have some bread, egg, hamburgers and so on. We must always remember that breakfast must be healthy and light. The noon is lunchtime, many people take their meals to schools or their workplaces, but some people like going to a restaurant or having fast food in McDonald's. I think that these meals are not healthy. We can have some rice with some vegetables or meat. More healthy fish and poultry slowly _ beef and pork. It's healthy to drink one glass of water, juice or tea after each meal. At six or seven in the evening, it's time for dinner. At this time, family members usually get together. We often have warm dishes. Sometimes we go out to restaurants. The writer mainly tell us _ .
|
[
"what three meals are",
"how to eat healthily",
"three meals in his / her country",
"where to eat meals"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Children love to play and laugh throughout their days at school or at home. Finding the time to laugh with your children may be the best thing you can do for the relationship. Encourage your children to develop a good humor by laughing at the jokes they make up on the spot. This will help them grow confident and build their self-esteem. If you do not get the joke, you can ask why they think the joke is funny. Honest feedback will help your children develop funnier jokes. You can take them to your local library and have them pick up a few joke books. Then you can head back home or out to the park and read it together for a good laugh. You can take turns reading jokes to each other from the book or make up a few yourselves. But if they make a joke at the expense of another person, you may want to discuss the difference between making fun of yourself and making fun of others. In turn try not to make jokes at your children's expense, you need to set an example that they can follow. Learning to laugh at oneself is a great quality to attain. You can set an example by laughing at your own mistakes. This is a great way to help reduce your own stress as well as your children's. Laughing may make the situation seem lighter and easier to work through. By doing this your children will be better prepared to handle any difficulties. Most importantly laughing will bring you closer together as a family. You can have your family find different ways to laugh. You can play games. You can start a staring contest, arm wrestling contest, thumb wars contest and have a prize for the winners. You can all watch your best funny movies and act out the best parts together after enjoying them. You could hold a contest to see who can make the other members of the family laugh more by doing something funny. Kids will be able to enjoy the good time they had with their parents. The family that laughs together stays together! The author advises in Para.4 that people make their family members laugh by _ .
|
[
"having a party",
"having some kinds of contests",
"doing some housework",
"reading joke books"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Money and Happiness A Guide to Living a Good Life Author: Laura Rowley Publisher: Wiley (March 1, 2007) Laura Rowley makes us all understand the connection between money and happiness in our own lives so that we can spend our time and efforts wisely. She offers an insight so that every reader can make smarter decisions and live a happier life. Happiness The Science Behind Your Smile Author: Daniel Nettle Publisher: Oxford University Press (July 1,2007) It is the first book mainly about what happiness is and how happiness works. Nettle examines whether people are basically happy, whether success can make us happy, why some people are happier than others, etc. The Happiness Makeover How to Teach Yourself to Be Happy and Enjoy Every Day Author: M. J. Ryan Publisher: Broadway (May 10, 2007) Ryan's own desire to be happier first led her to study about happiness from brain science, psychology , and the wisdom traditions of the world. The happiness Makeover draws on wide - ranging knowledge and presents some suggestions that will help you a lot: * Clear away worry, fear, envy, and _ . * Learn to think about yourself confidently. * Find daily ways to truly enjoy the moments of your life. Hormones , Health, and Happiness Author: Steven F. Hotze Publisher: Forrest Publishing (April, 2007) Dr. Steven Hotze is leading a wellness revolution that advances a new model of healthcare. In Hormones, Health, and Happiness, Dr. Hotze deals with the basic causes of poor health. You are shown how to reach and maintain the most favorable cell,tissue,and organ functioning.It can help you enjoy a better quality of life. If you want to know more about whether happiness has something to do with Success,you'd better read _ .
|
[
"Money and Happiness",
"Happiness.",
"The Happiness Makeover",
"Hormones,Health,and Happiness"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Looking for a new weight loss plan? Try living on top of a mountain. Mountain air contains less oxygen than air at lower altitudes, so breathing it causes the heart to beat faster and the body to burn more energy. A handful of studies have found that athletes training at high altitudes tend to lose weight. Doctor Florian Lippl of the University Hospital Of Ludwig-Maximilians-university Munich wondered how the mountain air would affect overweight individuals if they weren't doing any more physical activity than usual. Lippl and his colleagues invited 20 overweight men to an environmental research station about 300 meters below the summit of Zugspitze, a mountain around 2,970 meters near the Austrian border. They were allowed to eat as much as they liked. The men also gave blood so that researchers could test for hormones linked to appetite and fatness. At the end of the week, the men, whose mean weight starting out was 105kg, had lost on average about l.5kg. The men's blood pressure also dropped, which the researchers believed was due to weight lost. Exactly what caused the weight loss is uncertain. Loss of appetite is common at higher altitudes, and indeed the men ate significantly less than usual--about 700 calories fewer per day. Lippl also notes that because their consumption was being recorded, they may have been more self-conscious about what they ate. Regardless, eating less accounts for just l kg of the l.5 kg lost, says Lippl. He thinks the increased metabolic rate, which was measured, also contributed to weight loss but cannot separate the different effects with the given data. Appetite loss at high altitudes could certainly be key, notes Damian Bailey, a physiologist at the University of Glamorgan, UK, who recently lost 11 kg during a 3-month expedition to the Andes in Chile. Unfortunately, for the average person there is no treatment that can resemble living at high altitude, says Lippl. The only alternative is hypobaric chamber, which exposes subjects to low oxygen and isn't practical as a treatment. He says, half- jokingly, "If fat people plan their holidays, they might not go to the sea, but maybe to the mountain." What was found about the 20 overweight men in the process of the research?
|
[
"They controlled what to eat self-consciously.",
"They took in much fewer calories than usual.",
"They lost appetite because of lack of physical activity.",
"They were provided with a healthier diet than before."
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which part of a plant cell is responsible for controlling the activities of the other parts of the cell?
|
[
"Vacuole",
"Nucleus",
"Cell wall",
"Chloroplast"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which of the following will have the lowest glycaemic index?
|
[
"A baked apple",
"A raw apple",
"A raw potato",
"Apple juice"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu
|
In the past two decades, the Chinese economy has undergone many reforms in an effort to compete more effectively on the international market.These reforms included allowing foreign hanks to offer credit cards to Chinese citizens, Now, researchers at the University of Missouri (MU)have found about 30 percent of Chinese urban households now own at least one credit card and the growth rate of credit card adoption has been an average of 40 percent per year between 2004 and 2009. Rui Yao, an assistant professor of personal financial planning at MU, says that this large growth in such a small amount of time has positive and negative implications for the Chinese economy. "With more and more people taking advantage of credit in China, it certainly increases potential consumer buying power," Yao said."However, we found that more than 90 percent of non-credit card users were unaware of safety issues existing in credit card use and more than 60 percent had little knowledge of the consequences of credit card debt.Thus lack of knowledge could create problems as credit card ownership is expected to grow at a rate of I percent a year." Yao found that would 72 percent of Chinese credit card holders were never late on their payments, only 55 percent were able to pay the full balance.She also found that 70 percent of Clones credit card holders said that credit cards contributed to overspending. Yao believes the Chinese could benefit from facial education designed to help them plan for their financial future and encouraging the Chinese to take advantage of debt in a responsible fashion is important for the Chinese economy."Appropriate use of debt can help households improve their quality of life as well as spur economic growth through an increase in market purchases." Yao said. It can be inferred from the text that _ .
|
[
"some Chinese citizens lack knowledge of credit risks",
"education is the only solution to future financial issues",
"overspending is mainly brought about by credit cards",
"most Chinese credit card holders can't pay the balance"
] | 0A
|
high_school_microeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which expression is equivalent to (5 + 2) x 8?
|
[
"(8 x 5) + (8 x 2)",
"(5 x 8) + (5x 2)",
"8 x (5x2)",
"(5x8)x2"
] | 0A
|
elementary_mathematics
|
mmlu
|
Everyone is familiar with white fat, which serves as an energy warehouse. Many mammals also have brown fat, which has the unique ability to produce heat. Brown fat is sometimes mistaken for a type of gland , which it resembles more than white fat. It varies in color1 from dark red to tan. When the animal is exposed to a cold environment, the color1 darkens. In contrast to white fat, brown fat has numerous nerves which provide sympathetic stimulation to the fat cells. Brown fat is most noticeable in newborn animals, wrapped round the central organs to keep them warm. In human infants it occupies up to 5% of body weight, then declines gradually. Certain quantities of brown fat can be discovered in adult humans, especially when they are exposed to cold temperatures. Most of brown fat in adults is located in the lower neck. Exposure to cold leads to sympathetic stimulation of brown fat cell. As in white fat, sympathetic stimulation promotes hydrolysis of triglyceride , with release of fatty acids. In contrast to other cells, including white fat cells, brown fat cells express UCP1, which gives the cell's mitochondria an ability to produce heat rather than ATP. Within brown fat cells, most fatty acids are immediately combined with oxygen in mitochondria and a large amount of heat is produced. There is only about 50g of brown fat in the neck region and it switches on and off throughout the day as it's exposed to different temperatures or if you exercise or eat. But this capacity is much greater in young children compared with adolescents and adults. The challenge is now to use the knowledge to find out what might switch on brown fat. If it is switched on, we can benefit from it. Brown fat produces lots of heat by burning calories. Unlike white fat, brown fat does not expand our ageing waistlines. And that's why the race is on to find out more about brown fat, and how humans could use it to our advantage, though we would waste energy unnecessarily, and we would sweat a lot and forever be opening windows. We take special interest in brown fat mainly because it helps us _ .
|
[
"save energy",
"develop power",
"keep warm",
"keep our figure"
] | 3D
|
anatomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which is likely to have to highest kinetic energy?
|
[
"a beach ball",
"a tossed balloon",
"a sleeping person",
"a thrown racquetballl"
] | 3D
|
high_school_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Why Are Pig Farmers Still Using Growth-Promoting Drugs? It's one of the most controversial practices in agriculture: feeding small amounts of antibiotics to animals in order to make them grow faster. But what if the drugs don't even work very well? There's some good evidence that they don't, at least in pigs. They used to deliver a boost in growth, but that effect has disappeared in recent years or declined greatly. The reason for this is interesting and even paradoxical. Researchers think the antibiotics used to work by suppressing low-grade infections. In recent years, however, pork producers found other ways to accomplish the same thing through improved hygiene . As a result, the drugs have become largely superfluous -- yet many farmers still use them. To understand how this happened, you have to step back in time, says Steve Dritz, a specialist in pig nutrition at Kansas State University. Sixty years ago, when antibiotics were new, "people started treating animals, and feeding [the antibiotics], and finding that they had increased growth rates and feed efficiencies," he says. Nursery-age pigs, for instance, grew 12 to 15 percent faster with antibiotics. The animals also needed less feed to reach full weight. Other studies showed similar results in chickens and cattle. In the 1980s, a new set of studies found similar effects. So the growth-promoting effects of antibiotics became standard practice among meat producers. Fast forward to the 1990s. Dritz was starting his career as a scientist at Kansas State University, and pork production was changing dramatically. Previously, pigs were born and raised in one barn or in several barns close together. This meant infections could easily pass from one generation to the next, the way that kids share germs between their friends on the playground and their parents at home. Under the new system, when piglets are weaned, they move to a whole different place. That new site is carefully scrubbed and free of disease. Craig Rowles, who runs a large swine operation in Carroll, Iowa, shows me one such room. There's not a piglet in sight. "This room just got completely washed and disinfected, and now it's going to sit here and dry for a while," he says. A whole group of pigs will come in here together, and later they will move out together to yet another site. "That group of pigs will stay together until they go to market," Rowles says. The groups are kept strictly separated from each other. If workers move between the groups, they first have to change their boots. When farmers adopted multisite production, it cut down on disease -- and pigs actually grew faster. One of the advantages of using antibiotics in the past is that it _ .
|
[
"helped animals grow faster",
"decreased the death rate of animals",
"helped animals have a better appetite",
"increased animal reproduction"
] | 0A
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In choosing a friend, one should be very careful. A good friend can help you study. You can have fun together and make each other happy. Sometimes you will meet fair-weather friends. They will be with you as long as you have money or luck, but when you are down, they will run away. How do I know when I have found a good friend? I look for certain qualities of character, especially understanding, honesty and reliability . Above all else, I look for understanding in a friend. A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling. He is not quick to judge. Instead, he tries to learn from others. He puts himself in the other person's place, and he tries to think of ways to be helpful. He is also a good listener. At the same time, however, a good friend is honest. He does not look for faults in others. He notices their good points. In short, a friend will try to understand me and accept me. Another quality of a friend is reliability. I can always depend on a good friend. If he tells me he will meet me somewhere at a certain time, I can be sure that he will be there. If I need a favor, he will do his best to help me. If I am in trouble, he will not run away from me. There is a fourth quality that makes a friend special. A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun. We should enjoy our lives, and we would enjoy our friendship. That is why I especially like friends who are fun to be with. A good friend likes the same things I like. We share experiences and learn from each other. A good friend has a good sense of humor, too. He likes to laugh with me. That is how we share in the joy of being friends. And I know that he is looking for the same quality in me. When I meet someone who is reliable, honest and understanding, I know I've found a friend! If you have fair-weather friends, _ .
|
[
"you will become rich",
"you can be sure that you get real friends",
"you will be refused when you get into trouble",
"they will give you all that they have when you need help"
] | 2C
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Are you in a bad mood? Don't worry! According to a new Australian study, a bad mood can actually be good for you. The study showed that being sad could help people to judge others more correctly and was also good for the memory. The study was carried out by Professor Joseph Forgas at the University of New South Wales."People in a bad mood paid more attention to the people and things around them than happy people .Happy people were more likely to believe anything they were told,"said Forgas For the study, Forgas and his team did a lot of experiments. During the experiments, they made the participants feel happy or sad by watching films and thinking about good or bad things of the past. In one of the experiments, happy and sad participants were asked to judge whether some wrong things were true or not. The results showed that people in a bad mood were less likely to believe that these things were true. People in a bad mood were also less likely to make mistakes when they were asked to remember the things that they saw. The study also showed that sad people were better at talking about their thoughts in written style. In fact, the study said that a slightly bad mood could help to make communication more successful. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
|
[
"Happy people were less likely to believe anything they were told.",
"Happy people could judge others more correctly.",
"Sad people were less likely to make mistakes when they remembered the things they saw.",
"Sad people did worse in talking about their thoughts in written style."
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Humans are well-equipped for life on Earth. But in space, it is different. Low or _ changes how the blood flows and causes motion sickness, muscle loss and tiredness. Weightlessness can also cause bone loss. But scientists are experimenting with little worms to better understand how space travel affects astronauts. The millimeter-long worm is called C. elegans. The see-through worm is often used in medical studies because its life is only about two weeks long. Seventy percent of its DNA is the same as human DNA. Sabanayagam is a scientist, who built a micro-gravity simulator to test how C. elegans would perform in the actual zero gravity of space. Scientists put the worms into the simiulator full of water. After a week they take out the worms. They look for changes in the worms' epigenome,which are chemical markers that tell the DNA in the cells how to perform. The epigenome can be changed by the environment. And those changes pass from one generation of worms to the next. "When the worms are in a liquid environment, some epigenomic marks remain even when we take the animal out of the liquid environment and put it back into normal ground conditions. So its offspring keeps this epigenomic memory of the parents' liquid environment or microgravity environment." The information the scientists have gathered suggests that the epigenomic marks appear during the early part of a worm's life. Mr. Sabanayagam says he thinks scientists can find genes in the human similar to those in the worms that responded to microgravity and scientists could possibly observe those genes closely when astronauts travel in space. Sabanayagam expects C. elegans to visit the International Space Station within two years. He says he hopes information gathered from the worm studies can be used to develop simple, low-cost and quick tests to measure an astronaut's health. What is Sabanayagam's attitude toward the result of the experiment?
|
[
"Hopeful and satisfied.",
"Doubtful and unsure.",
"Sad and disappointed.",
"Surprised and unbelievable."
] | 0A
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In one of the strongest indications of the power of the mind to influence the body, a growing collection of evidence finds that people who are depressed have a greatly higher risk of developing heart disease. In a study of almost 3, 000 men and 5, 000 women, depressed men were 70 per cent more likely to develop coronary heart disease than those who weren't depressed. While depressed women were just 12 per cent more likely to develop heart disease, those who were severely depressed were 78 per cent more likely. In fact, a 1998 study found that women who are depressed have a risk of dying from heart disease equal to that of women who smoke or who have high blood pressure. The link works the other way around, too: While about 1 in 20 American adults experience major depression in a given year, that number jumps to about one in three among those who have survived a heart attack. The more severe the depression, the more dangerous it is to your health. But some studies suggest that even mild depression, including feelings of hopelessness experienced over many years, may damage the heart. Other studies suggest depression may affect how well heart disease medications work. Researchers are n' t sure what the connection between depression and heart disease is, but theories exist. One is that people who are depressed tend not to take very good care of themselves. They' re more likely to eat high-fat, high-calorie "comfort" foods, less likely to exercise, and more likely to smoke. But beyond lifestyle, there is probably also a physiological link between depression and heart disease. Recent studies found that people with severe depression tended to have a lack of heart-healthy 0-3 fatty acids. People who are depressed also often have high levels of stress hormones . These keep the body primed for fight or flight, raising blood pressure and causing the heart to beat faster, all of which put additional stress on coronary arteries and prevent the body' s natural healing mechanisms from working properly. A whole branch of medicine is devoted to the complex links between mental health, the nervous system, the hormone system and so on. This science is gradually sorting out how the mind-body connection affects us, or defenses against heart disease. Generally, an estimated 10 per cent of American adults experience some form of depression every year. Although available treatments can ease symptoms in more than 80 per cent of people treated, less than half of those with depression get the help they need. Which statement is NOT true according to the passage?
|
[
"With high blood pressure, depression is another potential risk to women's health.",
"Depression, which is mild, can possibly cause damage to your health.",
"Most people who experience depression get treated as they should be.",
"Depression may have some influence on the function of heart disease medication."
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
It's important for us to be healthy. But how can we keep healthy? First,you should eat fruit and vegetables three or four times a week. Then eat some tofu every day because it's good for people, both the young and the old. Milk is also necessary ,especially for women. So you should have milk twice a day. It can help you to be strong. Next, doing more exercise is better. You can do morning exercises or evening exercises. After supper you should take a walk. You should have milk .
|
[
"four times a day",
"five times a week",
"twice a day",
"twice a week"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When Siva Kalyan was born, his backbone was deformed resulting in a lifelong difficulty in walking. But that hasn't stopped the nine-year-old from becoming a prodigy . Until he was three-and-a-half years old, Siva could not even crawl. Wanting the best treatment for their son, Siva's parents moved with him from India to Australia and later to the USA. In the USA, his parents enrolled him in the second grade based on his age. But his teachers soon realized they had a genius. Siva was then tested for the eighth grade, but it was soon found out that he was actually qualified for college courses. As one advanced course was not enough, the brilliant boy is now taking two courses from Stanford University. Due to the treatment he received, Siva's physical condition has improved as well. But none of _ "just happened". It was his parents' understanding and correct guidance, and the loving care of his grandparents that contributed to the growth of the genius. Siva's highly educated and hardworking family has brought him up on the basis of certain principles. The family believes that once a strong foundation is built for the child in English and mathematics, the child is equipped to master any other subject, law, history, or engineering. It is equally important to recognize the strengths of a child rather than forcing the child to do things that he may not want to do. Siva's parents helped. Siva focus his energies on his strength, which is mathematics. At the same time they took care to see that he had friends to play with and enjoyed a few recreational activities. The only activity that's restricted for Siva is viewing television. Siva watches TV only for 30 minutes a day and video games are a bonus for special occasions. Thanks to his mother who is a singer, Siva has also learned music and even won the first and second prize at two competitions. In sports, he likes to swim. He began to learn swimming to strengthen his muscles, and by the age of eight he was able to swim a kilometer in both the backstroke and the freestyle. The text is mainly about _ .
|
[
"the growth of a disabled child prodigy",
"certain principles to bring up a child",
"the special ways to train a genius",
"the influence of parents on their child"
] | 0A
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Dolphins are interesting animals and researchers find them interesting to watch. They don't have hands, but can use tools to solve problems, just like us. Scientists have observed a dolphin trying to get a shy eel to come out of its hole by poking it with a dead fish. Many species of dolphin live in large societies. They have many different relationships and need a good communication system; they use a variety of sounds to communicate with each other. There is currently no evidence that dolphins have a language of their own. But scientists still have a lot to find out about these animals and so there are certain to be a few surprises in the future. At Kewalo Basin Marine Laboratory in Hawaii, the dolphin team have developed a sign langue to communicate with the dolphins, and the results are amazing. Not only do the dolphins understand the meaning of individual words, they also understand the significance of word order in a sentence. For example, when they were asked to 'touch the ball with your tail and then jump over it' they generally responded correctly and straight away, which showed that they understood the langue. Most mammals seem to enjoy play--but dolphins seems to like making their games as challenging as possible. On a beautiful day in 1997, researchers working at a beach, off the southern coast of Brazil, observed a little dog going into the sea and swimming towards the dolphins. To their surprise, the dolphins approached the dog and then started throwing it into the air. The dog seemed to enjoy the 'game' and continued playing with the dolphins for more than an hour. From then on, different dogs were seem trying to interact with the dolphins. Dolphins live in a very different world to ourselves, but they are very good at our 'intelligence tests'. For example, they will jump out of the water when they hear a whistle noise. They do this because they will get a fish as a reward. There is still much to learn about these flexible problem-solvers, but from the evidence so far, it would seem as though dolphins are very intelligent. At a laboratory in Hawaii, the dolphin team have developed a _ to communicate with the dolphins.
|
[
"variety of sounds",
"sign language",
"special word order",
"dolphin's language"
] | 1B
|
college_biology
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Today, home-ownership has reached extremely high levels. Modern generations tend to believe there is something wrong with them if they rent. However, is high home-ownership really as rosy as people imagine? Staring at data first, we realize that the most successful, stable, attractive country in the Western world is Switzerland. It has tiny unemployment; wealth; high happiness and mental-health scores. Does it have high home-ownership rates? Absolutely not. In Switzerland, about seven in ten of the population are renters. Yet, with Europe's lowest home-ownership rate, the nation thrives. Now go to the other end of the misery distribution. Spain has approximately the highest home-ownership rate in Europe (at more than 80%). But one-quarter of its population are unemployed. A likely reason is that high levels of home-ownership mess up the labour market. In a sensibly functioning economy it is easy for people to move around to drop into the vibrant job slots thrown up by technological change. With a high degree of owner-occupation, everything slows. Folk get stuck. Renters can go to new jobs. In that way they do the economy a favour. As Friedman said, the rate of unemployment depends on the flexibility of the housing market. Next we come to economic breakdown. Most analysts accept that at heart it was the housing market--obsessive pursuit of homes, the engendered mortgage lending and an unavoidable house-price crash--that sank the Western world. Germany, say, with its more efficient rental market, had a far smoother ride through trouble. As for the monetary system, in the past few decades, in the hope of getting untaxed capital gains way above their true labour earnings, many people threw their spare cash into buying larger houses or building extra bedrooms. TV programmes about how to make easy money, beautiful rising house prices, and most importantly, our falulty tax system encouraged that. When at some point market broke down, everyone suffered. Our countries ought, instead, to design tax systems that encourage people to invest in productive real activities and in innovation. Renting leaves money free for better purposes. That also points to the role of sensible budgeting over a person's lifetime. Why should we think that when we die it is necessary to have paid off an entire house? Our children do not deserve it. Let them pay for themselves. We should rent--and enjoy our lives with the money saved. Finally, moderation usually pays off. Our scientific understanding of how economies function is horribly limited. This suggests that the golden rule should be to avoid extremes. A 50-50 mix of home-ownership and renting, not the 70-30 split that is now observed in so many Western nations, makes sense. The cases of Switzerland and Spain prove that _ .
|
[
"low home-ownership rate at about 30% is most favourable for economy",
"home-ownership mainly decides a country's citizens' mental health.",
"home-ownership has a lot to do with a country's technological development",
"low home-ownership increases the mobility of job market and economy."
] | 3D
|
high_school_macroeconomics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A student stirred some sand into a container of water and left the mixture alone for several hours until the sand settled on the bottom of the container. Which statement best explains why the sand separated from the water?
|
[
"Sand particles are denser than water.",
"Water is a liquid and sand is a solid.",
"The sand was insufficiently stirred.",
"There was more sand than water."
] | 0A
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
Which is smoother?
|
[
"plastic bucket",
"burlap sack"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Welcome to Our Clubs in Masonic Village Art Club The Art Club provides a place for aged people to paint, improve their artistic talents and show their works of art. Members can also sell items that they painted. The money raised goes toward providing painting supplies for club members. Anyone may join the Art Club, whether you already know how to paint or you want to learn how to better express your creativity. Painting supplies are provided by the club for free. Time: Wednesdays, Thursdays & Sundays from 1 p.m. to 3 p.m. in the Freemasons Cultural Center Art Studio. Cost: $12 per year Computer Club This club is meant for aged people with little knowledge of computers. Various topics are discussed at each meeting about computers (such as the Internet, software and email) as well as related technologies. The club has a computer lab with high-speed Internet connection. Members of the club have free access to the computer lab. Time: Tuesdays and Thursdays from 1 p.m. to 3 p.m. in the Computer Resource Room on Level 2 of Smith North. Open general lab sessions are available for free. Cost: $35 per year Tai Chi for Arthritis Arthritis is a common disease for old people. The joints in the patients' body often hurt badly. Tai Chi for Arthritis is designed to improve the quality of life of those people who are suffering from arthritis using Sun-style Tai Chi. This style includes quick-moving steps and exercises that may improve mobility, breathing and relaxation. The movements don't require deep bending. Time: Wednesdays from 3:30 p.m. to 4:30 p.m. in the Irem Clubhouse. Cost: $65 per year For whom are these clubs probably designed for?
|
[
"Retired workers.",
"Talented teenagers.",
"Curious kids.",
"Learned experts."
] | 0A
|
human_aging
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Most people are aware of what the adoption process is because it has become rather common in our society. Adoption is where a child is legally placed with guardians or parents (or perhaps a single parent) other than the birth mother or father. Once an adoption is finalized, all parental rights are turned over to the adoptive parents and there is no legal difference between adoptive parents and natural birth parents. There are generally two types of adoption, which are closed adoption and open adoption. When an adopted person has access to his or her adoption file and original records, it is referred to as an open adoption. The term is also used to describe any contact that may be between the adoptive family, the birth parents, and the adopted child. The level of openness can change greatly in such contact depending on each individual relationship. There can be indirect contact between the natural birth parents and the child through the form of letters and photographs, or there can be actual physical contact. A semi-open adoption is where the birth parents may have contact with the adoptive parents before the birth of the child, either once or several times. After the birth there is no more contact. A semi-open adoption may remain as it is or it can become either open or closed. A closed adoption is where only the medical and historical information about the biological parents is given to the adoptive family. Typically, the birth and adoptive parents do not know each other's identities. The record of the birth parents is kept sealed . A closed adoption is usually only effective in the adoption of babies. The adoption of an older child who already knows his or her birth parents cannot be kept closed. Suppose someone adopts a child and his biological parents often get contact with the child by telephone. We can call this adoption _ .
|
[
"a closed adoption",
"an open adoption",
"a semi-open adoption",
"a semi-closed adoption"
] | 1B
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How long is a bike path?
|
[
"3 feet",
"3 inches",
"3 yards",
"3 miles"
] | 3D
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
How did scientists arrive at the theory of plate tectonics?
|
[
"by determining the age of lava rising at ocean ridges",
"by determining the composition of limestone deposits",
"by determining the rate of weathering of mountain ranges",
"by determining the type of sedimentary rock formed on land"
] | 0A
|
natural_science
|
ai2_arc_challenge
|
I'm Tom. This is a pencil case. It's orange. It's my pencil case. What's in the pencil case? A ruler is in the pencil case. It is my ruler. The ruler is blue and red. That is a pencil. It is black and white. It is not my pencil. Look! That girl is Lucy. It is her pencil. That boy is Tim. I found his green pen in the pencil case. I call Tim at 7890003. It is his telephone number. I am Tom. That is not my _ .
|
[
"pencil",
"pencil case",
"ruler",
"pen"
] | 0A
|
elementary_mathematics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Televisions were among the most talked about items at the 2013 International Consumer Electronics Show last week in Las Vegas, Nevada. Some employed the most advanced technology ever. Some of the TVs used a new technology called Organic Light Emitting Diodes, or OLED. They were thinner, lighter, offered better color1 and were brighter than traditional LEDs. Smart TVs this year were smarter. Many offered technology that let users have a more personalized experience. One such TV from the electronics company TCL uses sensors and voice recognition to determine who is watching. It then offers programming based on the specific user. Another TV from Panasonic offers a similar personalized user experience. In addition to television technology, size also played a major part in CES 2013. Televisions varied in size from big to bigger, with at least two companies -- Samsung and HiSense -- exhibiting TVs measuring 110 inches. The yearly Consumer Electronics Show is the biggest technology trade show in North America and one of the biggest in the world. Gary Shapiro is president and CEO of the Consumer Electronics Association, the group that organizes CES. He gave one of the keynote speeches on opening day. "Now you know that CES is more than a trade show. It's a gathering of the brightest minds and the top leaders from many industries and those seeking a glimpse into the future." That glimpse into the future included a look at digital health and fitness devices, which were also big at CES 2013. There were devices that track your activity and others that measure blood pressure, heart rate and weight. There was even a fork that tells you when you are eating too fast. Cars, smart-phones, tablet computers and PCs also made news. And a 27-inch table computer drew quite a bit of attention. CEA President Gary Shapiro says there was much to see but not nearly enough time to see it all. "You cannot see the show in the four days that you have. We have over 3200 different industries showing over 20,000 new products. It's ly incredible." What can we know from Gary Shapiro?
|
[
"CES is only a big trade show.",
"CES offers a glimpse into the future.",
"CES lasts only four days in all.",
"He thinks little of the new products' quality."
] | 1B
|
computer_security
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Lots of folks don't think about what they eat over the holiday season until January, when they stare sadly at the number on the scale and then hurry off to hit the gym, join Weight Watchers or pick up the latest diet book. It doesn't have to be that way. Health experts say you can still enjoy the holidays. "It's OK to indulge , but it doesn't mean you have to gain weight," said Karen Ansel, a New York-based registered dietitian and a spokeswoman for the American Dietetic Association (ADA). Jessica Crandall, a registered dietitian from Denver who's also an ADA spokeswoman, added that gaining weight during the holidays and then working hard to lose it again is not good for a person's body. For starters, people interested in maintaining their weight during the holidays should keep eating on a regular schedule, the two dietitians said. Research has shown that people who skip meals -- particularly breakfast -- end up eating more throughout the day. "Try and stick to consistent meal times so you can avoid being overly hungry," Crandall said. "When you're overly hungry, you can make some bad decisions regarding what you eat. Don't starve yourself during the day waiting for that party at night -- because you'll eat too much or overeat." Ansel suggests that you think now about the foods you really enjoy and plan to focus on those while eating less of more common fare. Be careful, too, about alcohol intake, for a couple of reasons. Alcoholic drinks, particularly the fancy ones handed out at holiday time, tend to come loaded with calories. "It's usually what you're adding to a drink that contains the calories," Crandall said. Also, if you're drunk, you might forget to watch what you're eating. "It totally lowers your inhibitions ," Ansel said. Other holiday eating tips, suggested by Crandall and Ansel, include: *Eat lots of vegetables, and eat them first before moving on to the other items on your plate. *Recognize that many holiday extras, like cheese or cranberry sauce, come loaded with calories. "If those aren't your favorite foods, don't put them on your plate," Crandall said. *If your favorite food has a lot of calories, be sure to minimize your portion. "Two bites cure the craving," Crandall said. "After that, you're just really feeding your old habits. *After a big holiday meal, don't sink into a chair or couch. Go for a walk outdoors or participate in some other activities that help burn off some of the calories you've just eaten. Which of the following is the proper way to keep slim according to the passage?
|
[
"Eating more vegetables than rice and other food.",
"Eating more cheese or cranberry sauce.",
"Never eat food with a lot of calories.",
"Sitting less and walking more after meals."
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Tina was not like many of her classmates. She didn't listen to popular music or watch many movies, and she wasn't interested in nice clothes. When she got together with her friends, they wanted to listen to rock and pop music. When Tina asked if they would like to try classical music, they all looked at her strangely."Classical music is for old people, " one of her friends said. Tina was worried that something was wrong with her. She decided to talk to her father. As she entered his study , her father could feel something was wrong. "Dad, am I strange?" she asked her father."Of course not, " he answered. "Why do you ask that?" "Because I don't like the same things as my classmates do. They want to listen to Mariah Carey's music. I like Yo Yo Ma's." "I can understand, Tina, it's all right _ You don't have to copy what other people do. Everybody has different tastes. Some of them are popular, and others aren't. "After talking with her father, Tina felt better. She realized that being different made her special. It was an important lesson for her to learn. Tina's father made Tina feel _ .
|
[
"angry",
"worried",
"excited",
"better"
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Barry and Kim are twin brother and sister. But they like different sports. Barry likes soccer. He is in the school soccer club, and he plays soccer every day. He has 9 soccer balls in his bookcase. He also likes volleyball. He has 2 white volleyballs and 2 blue volleyballs. But Kim doesn't like soccer or volleyball. She likes tennis. Tennis is interesting. She is in the school tennis club and she plays tennis every day. She has 7 tennis balls and 2 tennis rackets in her room. She also likes baseballs. She has 5 baseballs: 2 green baseballs and 3 yellow baseballs. ,. How many balls does Barry have?
|
[
"9",
"4.",
"11.",
"13."
] | 3D
|
elementary_mathematics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Researchers found that compared with teens who spent much of their free time in front of TV sets, those who were physically active often had higher self-respect, better grades and were less likely to have risky behavior like taking drugs, smoking, or drinking.The findings, based on a national survey of nearly 12,000 middle and high school students, were published in a journal. "Across the board, children who engaged in any kind of activity were belier off than kids who watched a lot of TV," said study co author professor Penny Gordon Larsen of the University of North Carolina. Other studies have linked certain content of television programs, such as violence and sex, to children's behavior.But beyond this issue, Gordon-Larsen said that kids who spend hours watching TV "miss opportunities" to develop skills, learn teamwork and have other experiences that their more active peers benefit from. That doesn't mean, however, that kids have to be on the football team. The study found that some activities like skating and skateboarding----which adults sometimes frown upon----were also related to better self respect and less risk taking. That skaters were better behaved than TV watchers might come as a surprise to some adults who consider these teens to be bad, according to Gordon-Larsen.Skateboarding is forbidden in many public areas, and some communities oppose building skating parks.But if kids who like to skate have nowhere to do it, "it's a shame," said Gordon-Larsen. Not only should parents encourage their kids to engage iii the physical activities they enjoy, she said, but schools and communities should also do more to create opportunities for children to be active. This passage is mainly written to _ .
|
[
"offer some information to teachers and parents",
"persuade kids not to watch a lot of TV",
"urge the public to help children be active",
"show the author's concern about children's growth"
] | 2C
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
If a puppy eats old meat preserved improperly, it can
|
[
"heal",
"do well",
"vomit",
"feel good"
] | 2C
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Carmen Arace Middle School is situated in the pastoral town of Bloomfield, Conn., but four years ago it faced many of the same problems as inner-city schools in nearby Hartford: low scores on standardized tests and dropping enrollment . Then the school's hard-driving headmaster, Delores Bolton, persuaded her board to shake up the place by buying a laptop computer for each student and teacher to use, in school and at home. What's more, the board provided wireless Internet access at school. Total cost: $2.5 million. Now, an hour before classes start, every seat in the library is taken by students who cannot wait for getting online. Fifth-grade teacher Jen Friday talks about different kinds of birds as students view them at a colorful website. After school, students on buses pull laptops from backpacks to get started on homework. Since the computer arrived, enrollment is up 20%. Scores on state tests are up 35%. Indeed, school systems in rural Maine and New York City also hope to follow Arace Middle School's example. Governor Angus King had planned using $50 million to buy a laptop for all of Maine's 17,000 seventh-graders - and for new seventh-graders each fall. In the same spirit, the New York City board of education voted on April 12 to create a school Internet portal , which would make money by selling ads and licensing public school students. Profits will also provide e-mail service for the city's 1.1 million public school students. Profits will be used to buy laptops for each of the school system's 87,000 fourth-graders. Within nine years, all students in grades 4 and higher will have their own computers. Back in Bloomfield, in the meantime, most of the _ have been worked out. Some students were using their computers to visit unauthorized websites. But teachers have the ability to keep an eye on where students have been on the Web and to stop them. "That is the worst when they disable you," says eighth-grade honors student Jamie Bassell. The habit is rubbing off on parents. "I taught my mom to use e-mail," says another eighth-grader, Katherine Hypolite. "And now she's taking computer classes. I'm so proud of her!" The example of Carmen Arace Middle School in the passage is used to _ .
|
[
"show the problems schools are faced with today",
"prove that a school without high enrollment can do well",
"express the importance of computers in modern education",
"tell that laptops can help improve students' school performance"
] | 3D
|
college_computer_science
|
mmlu_labeled
|
The gravitational attraction of the Moon causes which effect on Earth?
|
[
"ocean tides",
"time of day",
"energy from the Sun",
"phases of the Moon"
] | 0A
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which job does the circulatory system do?
|
[
"It breaks down food into small pieces.",
"It helps remove carbon dioxide waste from the body."
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
In many African countries, the care of orphans has been mainly led by foreign donor organizations. However, Sister Florence has changed all that. Using her own resources, Sister Florence is leading the work of raising orphans from different backgrounds. Sister Florence Wanjala's biggest motivation to start the orphan program was when she saw a little boy whose parents had died. The boy was living with a cruel grandparent and he would visit the grave of his mother, crying for support. Sister Wanjala wanted to give a helping hand and give him hope. From that time, she started feeling the call to help a larger number of orphans. She opened an office with a few friends and coordinated a program to help the orphans. All the registrations were done in the office and the program so far has 8000 children. Sister Wanjala said, "My dream is to help the orphan to live a holistic life and be a good Kenyan citizen to help this country. Many people think that the way to support orphans is to put them in an institution . Others support them up to the age of eighteen, but here, we do it very differently." For Sister Wanjala, _ She prefers the orphans to live in a foster home. She said, "I'm so encouraged and happy to see the orphans succeeding. When they come first or second in class, it shows how the program has helped them, and that's encouraging to me as I continue to coordinate the program."Through her charity work, more than 1000 orphans have been able to find a home. Sister Wanjala, as a mother, takes care of her own family. What can we learn from the text?
|
[
"Sister Wanjala finally adopted the little boy.",
"Sister Wanjala found foster homes for 8000 orphans.",
"Sister Wanjala was too busy to care for her own family.",
"Sister Wanjala was not alone in helping orphans."
] | 3D
|
human_sexuality
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Select the animal that has a backbone.
|
[
"castor bean tick",
"American crocodile"
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Solar radiation has a part in the water cycle by
|
[
"affecting ocean tides.",
"helping in the absorption of groundwater.",
"determining the type of clouds formed.",
"changing water to a vapor."
] | 3D
|
astronomy
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A girl walked for 30 minutes. She noticed that she traveled farther in the first 15 minutes of her walk than in the second 15 minutes. What can she conclude about her walk?
|
[
"She walked over many hills.",
"Her average speed was faster during the first half of her walk.",
"She walked in two different directions.",
"She was walking at a constant speed."
] | 1B
|
elementary_mathematics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
In China, parents often tell their kids not to waste food. However, it's reported that a lot of food is wasted in restaurants every day. Many people say when they eat out, they usually order a lot of dishes and they can't eat them up. One person in Chengdu, Sichuan Province says he takes away the _ . "Usually we'll have some leftovers after meals, because when I invite friends to eat out, I don't know how much they can eat, so I order lots of dishes to make sure everybody has enough food." While another person in Fuzhou, Fujian Province says she never packs what is left on the dining table. "What I usually experience during eating out is a big meal. I seldom take away the leftovers because we often have other activities after the meals, and it's not convenient to take the leftovers. And when no one suggests taking away leftovers, I won't do so." Some people say they only take away leftovers when they eat out with family, but not if they eat with friends or colleagues . Food waste means washing money as well as wasting precious resources . When food is thrown away, it becomes rubbish and can be harmful to the environment. We should realize how important it is to save food. It's wise to order proper food for our meals. If there're leftovers, it's better to take home. To save food, we should start with ourselves and start from now. The best tile of this passage is _
|
[
"Washing Money",
"Saving Food",
"Throwing Away Leftovers",
"Saving Money"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A growing number of college students are applying to take entry tests for medical and dental schools among increasing graduate unemployment in Korea. "I've decided to apply for the test to enter a medical college to become a doctor, changing from my original plan to prepare for a lawyer qualification exam in order to get a more stable job in the future," said a 24-year-old college graduate, Lee, who majored in business administration during his undergraduate schooling. The new medical and dental school system is getting popularity, attracting an increasing number of students every year since its appearance in 2004, as it is open to all college graduates regardless of their previous majors. The Education Development introduced the new medical and dental education system, in which college students with bachelor's degrees are allowed to study medicine or dentistry by taking the Medical Education Test (MET) and Dental Education Test (DET). Ten medical schools and six dental colleges that have used the new system have received 4,377 applications for the entrance exams. Applicants are getting younger compared with those in their 20s representing 76.9 percent of the total. The tests might be easier for students with biology and chemistry majors, but graduates from other majors are also applying for the tests. Under the existing medical and dental education system, students should take a two-year premedical course followed by a four-year medical course. Students graduating under the new medical or dental education system are given master's degrees, while those graduates who studied under the previous system have bachelor's degrees. Why do more and more Korean students apply for medical schools?
|
[
"Because doctors are highly respected in Korea.",
"Because they want to get a more stable job.",
"Because medicine is easier to learn than other subjects.",
"Because the medical education system is reasonable."
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Having an exercise plan is important, but you should always ask your doctor for advice before starting it. Keep in mind that you can have too much of a good thing: overexercising and exercising in a wrong way can hurt your body. The following suggestions can help you avoid this. Warm up before exercise. This helps to prepare your body for activities. It's especially important in the morning. Cool down after exercise. Rather than stop immediately, do a few light activities to avoid aches and pains later. Exercise with your limits . Build up slowly. Never try to exercise when you feel painful. If you don't listen to your body, you will hurt yourself. Avoid being thirsty. Water is important to keep your normal temperature during exercise and prevent tiredness. Wear sports shoes. These shoes can keep your feet safe and prevent you from being hurt. Before you start your exercise plan, you should _ .
|
[
"make up these suggestions",
"ask your doctor for advice",
"find your health problems",
"have a careful health exam"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
An African-born British scientist received an environment research prize for showing how bees can be used to reduce conflict between people and elephants. Lucy King's work proved that beehive "fences" can keep elephants out of African farmers' fields. The animals are scared of bees, which can bite them inside their long noses, and flee when they hear buzzing . Dr King's work offers an intelligent solution to an age-old challenge, while providing further confirmation of the importance of bees to people and a really clever way of preserving the world's largest land animal for current and future generations. Working in Kenya, Dr King and her team showed that more than 90% of elephants will flee when they hear the sounds of buzzing bees. Afterwards, they also found that elephants produce a special sound to warn their fellows of the danger. They used the findings to construct barriers where beehives are woven into a fence, keeping the elephants away from places where people live and grow food. A two-year project involving 34 farms showed that elephants trying to go through the fences would shake them, disturbing the bees. Later, the fences were adopted by farming communities in three Kenyan districts , who also made increased amounts of money from selling honey. As Africa's population grows, competition for space between people and elephants is becoming more serious, and there are _ on both sides. The same is true in parts of Asia. Sri Lanka alone sees the deaths of an estimated 60 people and 200 elephants each year from conflict. Lucy King now wants to see whether the Kenyan technique will work in other parts of Africa and perhaps, eventually, in Asia. Dr King's solution is described as "intelligent" because _ .
|
[
"it successfully keeps elephants out of African farmers' fields",
"the fences were adopted by farming communities in three Kenyan districts",
"more than 90% of elephants flee when they hear the sounds of buzzing bees",
"it protects crops, produces honey and preserves the elephant at the same time"
] | 3D
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Which of these mixtures would be easiest to separate?
|
[
"Fruit salad",
"Powdered lemonade",
"Hot chocolate",
"Instant pudding"
] | 0A
|
high_school_chemistry
|
mmlu_labeled
|
New research suggests that cutting daily sitting time to less than three hours might extend your life by two years. "Humans were designed to move. But modern lifestyles and office jobs rarely encourage us to walk around," says Peter Katzmarzyk, an expert at the University of Louisiana. "Sitting is common in our lives today. We sit while we're driving, eating and watching TV. And many of us sit for many hours at work." Katzmarzyk said. "We can't throw away physical activity. It's extremely important. We have 60 years of researchers showing us that." Katzmarzyk said. Katzmarzyk and other researchers are trying to discover how sitting all day affext our lifespans . "This is a relatively new area of study...Studies that have assessed the relationship between sitting and death or television viewing and death have been very rare in the last four or five years," said Katzmarzyk. Katzmarzyk and his colleagues analyzed data from these studies, which involved almost 167,000 adults. Then they turned to a government-run survey of Americans to find out exactly how much time people spend sitting and watching. Not only did the team find that U.S. citizens could live longer by sitting less, they found that cutting TV time to less than two hours a day could add an extra 1.4 years to their lives. People who've spent half their waking lives sitting down might well ask, "Is it ever too late to make a change?" "We would say 'No. It's never too late.' Physical activity is good for you at every age." Katzmarzyk said. Katzmarzyk says studying this problem has inspired his team to make a few changes in their own lives. They recommend a few simple changes: frequently getting up from your desk, taking walks at lunch time, and instead of e-mailing colleagues, walking over to their offices and talking face-to-face----all activities that can be enjoyable as well as life-extending. Why did Katzmarzyk and his colleagues turn to a government-run survey?
|
[
"To collect information for the government",
"To know how long people sit and watch TV",
"To find what citizens do in their spare time'",
"To discover how sitting for long affects their lives"
] | 1B
|
nutrition
|
mmlu_labeled
|
Do you plan to study at American University ?It takes a long time to get accepted at most American schools,perhaps as much as a year.That's why you should start choosing a school as soon as possible.It's also a good idea to apply to several different schools,so that you'll have a better chance of being accepted at one. You should start looking for information now ,because the more information you have about each college,the better choice you can make. There are two good ways to get information you need.One is a general reference book,called Guide to American Colleges and Universities.The other good source of information is the catalogue published by each school. You can study the general guide in almost any American library.This book has a lot of useful information,such as the number of students,the average test score for people accepted to the school,and the number of books in the library.You can also find the address of each school in this book. Although the general guidebook has helpful information,some of the facts may be out-of-date.For example,many school raise their tuition every year.Since you'll need to know what your education will cost,out-of-date information will not be good enough.To be sure that you are getting the latest information,write to the university and ask for its catalogue.The catalogue not only has more detailed information.For example,the catalogue can tell you what kinds of courses are offered,and what kind housing there is in the school.Some universities have places for you to live in,but at others you have to find your own place to live. With all this information,you should be able to pick out several good schools. According to the speaker ,what is one reason you should write for a catalogue?
|
[
"Information in catalogues is up-to-date.",
"There are too many details in the guidebook.",
"Y0u should find out the tuition first.",
"Catalogues give the names of the teachers in the school."
] | 0A
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
A ball is dropped from different heights. When the ball is dropped from the highest height, it makes the greatest noise or vibration when it lands on the ground. What is the best explanation for the ball making the greatest noise?
|
[
"The air pushes down more and the ball goes faster.",
"Gravity pulls for a longer time and the ball goes faster.",
"The ball is gaining weight and going faster.",
"The ball is warming up and going faster."
] | 1B
|
college_physics
|
mmlu_labeled
|
When you go to the doctor, you like to come away with a prescription.It makes you feel better to know you will get some medicine.But the doctor knows that medicine is not always needed.Sometimes all a sick person needs is some reassurance that all will be well.In such cases the doctor may prescribe a placebo. A placebo is a sugar pill,a harmless shot,or ail empty capsule.Even though they have no medicine in them , these things seem to make people well.The patient thinks it is medicine and begins to get better.How does this happen? The study of the placebo opens up new knowledge about the way the human body can heal itself.It is as if there was a doctor in each of us.The doctor will heal the body for us if we let it.But it is not yet known just how the placebo works to heal the body.Some people say it works because the human mind fools itself.These people say that if the mind is fooled into thinking it got medicine,then it will act as if it did,and the body will feel better. Placebos do not always work.The success of this treatment seems to rest a lot with the relationship between the patient and the doctor.If the patient has a lot of trust in the doctor and if the doctor really wants to help the patient,then the placebo is more likely to work.So in a way, the doctor is the most powerful placebo of all. A placebo can also have bad effects.If patients expect a bad reaction to medicine,then they will also show a bad reaction to the placebo.This would seem to show that a lot of how you react to medicine is in your mind rather than in your body.Some doctors still think that if the placebo can have bad effects it should never be used.They think there is still not enough known about _ . The strange power of the placebo does seem to suggest that the human mind is stronger than we think it is.There are people who say you can heal your body by using your mind.And the interesting thing is that even people who swear this is not possible have been healed by a placebo. Why is the doctor sometimes the most powerful placebo?
|
[
"The patient needs help badly.",
"The patient believes in the doctor.",
"The doctor knows better about your body.",
"The doctor has carefully studied medicine."
] | 1B
|
college_medicine
|
mmlu_labeled
|
How long is an adult alligator?
|
[
"14 feet",
"14 inches"
] | 0A
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
Select the one true statement.
|
[
"The cell membrane directs cell activities by sending instructions to different parts of a plant cell.",
"In plant cells, chromosomes contain the master plan for cell activities and cell development.",
"In plant cells, the vacuoles contain the master plan for cell activities and cell development."
] | 1B
|
natural science
|
scienceqa
|
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