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23580338
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deepal%20Gunasekara
|
Deepal Gunasekara
|
N. Deepal Gunasekara is a Sri Lankan politician and a former member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka.
References
Living people
Sri Lankan Buddhists
1967 births
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna politicians
Jathika Nidahas Peramuna politicians
United People's Freedom Alliance politicians
|
23580343
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadow%20%282009%20Hindi%20film%29
|
Shadow (2009 Hindi film)
|
Shadow, The Dark Side of Truth, is a 2009 Hindi film directed by Rohit Nayyar, written by Bobby Khan and produced by Nasser Khan and Shamsad Alam. The film cast includes Nasser Khan, Milind Soman, Sonali Kulkarni, and Hrishitaa Bhatt.
Cast
Nasser Khan as Arjun Sherawat (serial killer) / Raju (garage owner)
Milind Soman as undercover cop Rahul Kapoor (fake journalist)
Sonali Kulkarni as Inspector Sanjana Singh Rajpoot (Raju's love interest)
Hrishitaa Bhatt as journalist Sheetal Pradhan (Rahul's love interest)
Samir Aftab as Abhishek (Home Minister's assistant)
Soniya Mehra as Priya S. Shankar (Home Minister's daughter)
Sachin Khedekar as Home Minister Shiv Shankar
Aditya Lakhia as Tillu (Raju's friend, Sheetal's brother)
Gulshan Pandey as Jacky (Raju's friend)
Vishwajeet Pradhan as Police Commissioner M. C. Singh Rajpoot (Sanjana's father)
Gargi Patel as Devki Singh Rajpoot (Sanjana's mother)
Mushtaque Khan as Habib Faisal
Virat D. Gupta as Dr. Vora
Rosa Catalano in an item number
Jasbir Thandi as Hrishita's brother
Music
"Rabba Rabba Mere Rabba" – Roop Kumar Rathod
"Ashiqui Ni Chaldi" – Anushka Manchanda, Anand Raj Anand
"Jo Chala Gaya Vo Pal" – Akriti Kakkar, Sukhwinder Singh
"Khumaariyaan Khumaariyaan" – Sunidhi Chauhan
"Masti Masti Masti" – Sunidhi Chauhan
"Tere Hum Hai Dewane" – Akriti Kakkar, Anand Raj Anand
References
2009 films
2000s Hindi-language films
Films scored by Anand Raj Anand
|
23580350
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three%20of%20a%20Kind
|
Three of a Kind
|
Three of a kind may refer to:
Three of a kind (poker), a type of poker hand
Three of a Kind (1967 TV series), a British comedy sketch and music show
Three of a Kind (1981 TV series), a BBC comedy sketch show
"Three of a Kind" (The X-Files), a sixth season episode of the television series The X-Files
Three of a Kind (1925 film), an American silent crime film
Three of a Kind (1926 film), a film from the Ton of Fun series
Three of a Kind (1936 film), an American comedy film
Three of a Kind (1944 film), an American comedy film about two vaudeville acrobats
Three of a Kind (2004 film), a Hong Kong comedy film
Three of a Kind (album), a 1998 album by Rob Agerbeek
3 of a Kind (group), a British garage act
|
23580353
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunesh%20Gankanda
|
Dunesh Gankanda
|
Dunesh Harsha Gankanda is a Sri Lankan politician and a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka (born 16 March 1972).
References
Living people
United National Party politicians
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 14th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 15th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Deputy ministers of Sri Lanka
1972 births
|
17337921
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D.%20J.%20Sindh%20Government%20Science%20College
|
D. J. Sindh Government Science College
|
Dayaram Jethamal Sindh Government Science College, () commonly known as DJ Science College, is a public community college that is affiliated with the University of Karachi — it is located near Burns Road in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
Premises
The college has following premises:
The Main Building is divided into two main parts. One new portion has the principal's, superintendent's and clerks' offices. In this portion are the departments of Urdu and Statistics on the ground floor and the departments of Islamic Studies and Pakistan Studies on the first floor. The oldest portion of the main building has the departments of Biochemistry, Botany, English & Physics in the ground floor, department of Chemistry, Computer Science & Microbiology and some classrooms in the first floor and department of Zoology in the second floor.
A. Q. Block has only classrooms; they are specially for first year.
There is another building on Muhammad bin Qasim Road, behind the main oldest building, it has the Main Library and departments of Mathematics and Geology.
M.Sc. block is under construction. It is opposite the A. Q. Block.
State-of-the-art gymnasium is adjacent to the A. Q. Block.
The principal's bungalow is one of the oldest building. Nowadays, Sindh Textbook Board has occupied this building as camp office.
Sport Complex is near the P.I.D.C roundabout and opposite the Pearl Continent Hotel. This complex is used for cricket and football.
Faculties / Departments
The college has the following departments:
Biochemistry
Botany
Chemistry
English
Geology
Islamic Studies
Mathematics
Microbiology
Pakistan Studies
Physical Education and Sports
Physics
Sindhi
Statistics
Urdu
Zoology
Admission
The college offers the admission in Pre-Engineering and Pre-Medical for Intermediate level affiliated to the Board of Intermediate Education, Karachi (B.I.E.K) under CAP (Centralized Admission Policy).
Affiliation
For undergraduate level, the college offers a combination of any three of the following subjects (Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Geology, Statistics, Microbiology, Biochemistry, Botany & Zoology). The college also offers admission in three year Bachelor of Computer Science (B.C.S. Semester System) programme, affiliated to University of Karachi since 1951.
Principals
Pre-Independence
Mullineux R. Walmsley (1887–1888)
Moses John Jackson (1888–1907)
H.P Ferrell (1908–1916)
A.C. Miller (1917–1918)
T.M. Shahani (1918–1927)
N.B Butani (1927–1943)
H.M Gurbaxani (1943–1944)
J.V Lakhani (1944–1947)
Mariwalla, Dharamdas Tekchand (1947)
Post Independence
LA deSouza (1955–1961)
JB Sidhwa (1961–1967)
Iftekhar Ahmed Ansari (1967–1972)
S. H. Zubairi (1972–1984)
Obaidur Rehman (1984–1985)
Abdul Samad (1985–1986)
Naseem Sheikh (1986 Apr–Jun)
Ziauddin Ahmed (1986 Jul–Sep)
Anwarul Haq Hashmi (1986–1987)
Zaheer Ahmed (1987–1988)
Naseem Ahmed Sheikh (1988–1990)
Sabzwari (1990)
M Qasim Siddiqui (1990–1991)
Abul Wakeel Qureshi (1991)
Aamir Ismail (1990-1991)
M Qasim Siddiqui (1991–1993)
Syed Kamal Uddin (1993–1995)
Mazharul Haq (1995–1996)
Muhammad Sharif Memon (1996 - 1997)
Ravi Shankar Harani (1997)
Asif (1997–1999)
Ravi Shankar Harani (1999 - 2006)
Hakeemullah Baig Chughtai (2006 to 2009)
Syed Rizwan Haider Taqvi (2009)
Kamil Shere (1 March 2010 to 5 March 2012)
Syed Afzal Hussain (5 March 2012 - 12 June 2013)
Muhammad Arshad (Acting) (13 June 2013 to 16 July 2013)
Ghulam Mehdi Balouch (17 July 2013 - 31 March 2014)
Muhammad Arshad (Acting) (1 April 2014 to 12 August 2014)
Allah Bux Awan (13 August 2014 to 17 October 2014)
Muhammad Arshad (18 Oct 2014 to 20 Dec 2016)
Shehzad Muslim Khan (acting) (21 December 2016 to 20 September 2017)
Muhammad Saleem (21 September 2017 to 30 March 2019)
Shehzad Muslim Khan (acting) (31 March 2019 to May 2020)
Ghulam Mustafa Charan (May 2020 – April 2021)
Muhammad Mehar Mangi (April 2021 - Present)
Notable graduates
Syed Murad Ali Shah (Chief Minister of Sindh, Pakistan)
Abdul Qadeer Khan (Nuclear Scientist & Head Of Pakistan Nuclear Weapons Program)
Ashraf Habibullah (president and CEO of Computers and Structures, Inc.)
Ziaur Rahman (former President of Bangladesh)
Pirzada Qasim (ex-vice chancellor Karachi University, vice chancellor Ziauddin University)
Adeebul Hasan Rizvi - founder of Sindh Institute of Urology & Transplantation (SIUT)
Shahid Masood (journalist and TV anchor person)
Kamran Ashraf (national hockey player)
Shahid Ali Khan (national hockey player)
Sohail Rana (film and TV music composer)
Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah (ex-Chief Minister of Sindh)
K. M. Kundnani (Principal, D.G. National College, 1947 and founder, National College, Mumbai)
Dolarrai Mankad (a well-known Sanskrit scholar and First vice-chancellor of Saurashtra University)
Moiz Ullah Baig (International Scrabble player - Pakistan Scrabble Champion 2018 & World Junior Scrabble Champion 2018)
Aspy Engineer, Indian pilot
Jamshed Nusserwanjee Mehta (1st Mayor of Karachi)
References
External links
Universities and colleges in Karachi
Educational institutions established in 1882
University of Karachi
1882 establishments in British India
Heritage sites in Karachi
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17337922
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amara%20amplipennis
|
Amara amplipennis
|
Amara amplipennis is a species of beetle of the genus Amara in the family Carabidae found in Asia.
References
amplipennis
Beetles of Asia
Beetles described in 1943
|
17337926
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amara%20angustata
|
Amara angustata
|
Amara angustata is a species of beetle of the genus Amara in the family Carabidae.
References
angustata
Beetles described in 1823
|
17337937
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivity
|
Positivity
|
Positivity may refer to:
The degree to which something is positive
Positive charge, a type of electric charge
Positivity/negativity ratio
Positivity effect
Positivity offset
Music
"Positivity", a song by Prince on his Lovesexy album
"Positivity", a song by Stevie Wonder and his daughter Aisha Morris on his A Time to Love album
"Positivity", a song by Ashley Tisdale on Headstrong (Ashley Tisdale album)
"Positivity" (Suede song), a song by Suede
See also
Positivism
Positivism (disambiguation)
|
17337945
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amara%20anthobia
|
Amara anthobia
|
Amara anthobia is a species of black coloured beetles from the genus Amara in the family Carabidae.
References
anthobia
Beetles described in 1833
|
23580355
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D.%20E.%20W.%20Gunasekera
|
D. E. W. Gunasekera
|
Don Edwin Weerasinghe Gunasekera (born 4 March 1935) is a Sri Lankan politician, former Member of Parliament and former cabinet minister. He is the current leader of the Communist Party of Sri Lanka (CPSL), a member of the United People's Freedom Alliance (UPFA).
Early life
Gunasekera was born 4 March 1935 in Kivula in southern Ceylon. He was educated at Rahula College in Matara. After school he joined Vidyalankara University in the 1950s, graduating with a degree in economics.
Gunasekera joined Ceylon Law College in the early 1970s but was expelled for attempting to cheat.
Career
After Vidyalankara Gunasekera worked at the Inland Revenue Department for many years.
Gunasekera joined the Communist Party of Ceylon in 1958. He wrote for the party's newspaper Mawbima and was a youth leader. He later became a member of the party's central committee and eventually the party's general secretary.
In 1988 the CPSL, Lanka Sama Samaja Party (LSSP), Nava Sama Samaja Party and Sri Lanka People's Party formed the United Socialist Alliance (USA). Gunasekera was one of the USA's candidates in Matara District at the 1989 parliamentary election but the USA failed to win any seats in the district. On 20 January 2004 the Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP) and the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP) formed the United People's Freedom Alliance (UPFA). The CPSL and LSSP joined the UPFA in February 2004. Gunasekera was appointed as a UPFA National List MP in the Sri Lankan Parliament following the 2004 parliamentary election. Gunasekera was put forward as the UPFA's candidate for Speaker but was defeated by opposition candidate W. J. M. Lokubandara after three dramatic rounds of voting in Parliament. Gunasekera was appointed Minister of Constitutional Reform in May 2004. He was given the additional portfolio of National Integration on 28 January 2007.
Gunasekera was re-appointed as a UPFA National List MP following the 2010 parliamentary election. He was appointed Minister of Rehabilitation and Prison Reforms after the election. He was promoted to Senior Minister of Human Resources in November 2010. He lost his cabinet position following the 2015 presidential election.
At the 2015 parliamentary election Gunasekera was placed on the UPFA's list of National List candidates. However, after the election he was not appointed to the National List.
Electoral history
References
1935 births
Alumni of Rahula College
Alumni of Vidyalankara University
Cabinet ministers of Sri Lanka
Communist Party of Sri Lanka politicians
Living people
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 14th Parliament of Sri Lanka
People of British Ceylon
Sinhalese civil servants
Sinhalese politicians
Sri Lankan Buddhists
United People's Freedom Alliance politicians
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17337948
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amara%20apachensis
|
Amara apachensis
|
Amara apachensis is a species of beetle of the genus Amara in the family Carabidae.
References
apachensis
Beetles described in 1884
Taxa named by Thomas Lincoln Casey Jr.
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23580359
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gitanjana%20Gunawardena
|
Gitanjana Gunawardena
|
Gitanjana Gunawardena is a Sri Lankan politician and former member of Parliament of Sri Lanka and former minister. He is a Chartered Engineer by profession.
Personal life
Born 24 February 1952 as son of Philip Gunawardena and Kusuma Amarasinha, and brother of Indika (Ex-Cabinet Minister), Prasanna (Ex-Mayor of Colombo), Lakmali (State Award Winner of literature), & Dinesh (Cabinet Minister & Leader of the House – Parliament).
See also
List of political families in Sri Lanka
References
Living people
Sri Lankan Buddhists
Mahajana Eksath Peramuna politicians
United People's Freedom Alliance politicians
1952 births
Members of the 9th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 14th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Deputy speakers and chairmen of committees of the Parliament of Sri Lanka
|
6904526
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikazuchi-class%20destroyer%20escort
|
Ikazuchi-class destroyer escort
|
The was a destroyer escort (or frigate) class built for the Coastal Safety Force (later Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force, JMSDF) in the late 1950s.
In the FY1953, the Japanese government ordered three destroyer escorts, and this class. These vessels were the first indigenous post-World War II Japanese destroyer escorts, but their propulsion systems were different because the JMSDF tried to find the best way in the propulsion systems of future surface combatants. Akebono was a steam-powered vessel, but this class was diesel-powered vessels.
So equipment of this class were almost the same as those of Akebono, with two American 3"/50 caliber Mark 21 guns (or Type 54, the Japanese version) with two Mark 22 single mounts controlled by Mark 51 director each, two Bofors 40 mm anti-aircraft guns in a dual mount, a Hedgehog anti-submarine mortar and eight K-gun depth charge throwers. And in 1959, all Mark 21 guns were replaced by Mark 22 rapid-fire guns with Mark 34 single mounts and Mark 63 GFCS was introduced in exchange of the reduction of Bofors 40 mm guns.
This class had a twin-shaft machinery installation with two diesel engines (6,000ps each). This propulsion system was less powerful than the steam turbine machinery of Akebono, but it was able to propel the ship at a top speed of still. The JMSDF appreciated the lower cost of maintenance of machinery of this class, so every Japanese destroyer escorts adopted diesel propulsion system until the period of gas turbine powered vessels.
Ships
References
Frigate classes
Frigates of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force
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23580361
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarath%20Kumara%20Gunaratna
|
Sarath Kumara Gunaratna
|
Arachchige Sarath Kumara Gunarathne is a Sri Lankan politician, a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka and a government minister. He is the Negombo MP from Gampaha district and is a long-standing member of the Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP). Prior to his current appointment as the Deputy Minister of Fisheries, he has been appointed deputy minister for state resources, and as deputy minister of aviation. He is currently the acting minister of Fisheries and Aquatic resources following the defection of former Fisheries Minister Rajitha Senaratne to the opposition. minister Sarath Kumara Gunaratne, arrested by the CID on charges of misappropriating Rs.12 million belonging the Negombo Fisheries Harbour Corporation, was today remanded till January 9 by Colombo Chief Magistrate Lal Bandara.
Sarath Kumara Gunaratna was born in Dungalpitiya, a village close to Negombo. His father was a local school principal. Mr Gunaratna first contested the Negombo seat in 1989, but was not able to get the required preferential votes to get elected. After a stint overseas in Italy, Mr. Gunarathne returned to Sri Lanka to enter active politics. He contested the 1999 Provincial council election representing the Wattala seat and entered the Western Provincial Council. In 2006, he entered Parliament as a 'next in line' MP when one MP resigned due to illness. He was elected in 2010 general election as an MP from the Gampaha district under the ruling UPFA coalition.
Mr Gunaratne describes his politics as progressive and people-oriented.
References
https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=5&v=lfIJpx8oRzM&feature=emb_logo
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 14th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Government ministers of Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka Freedom Party politicians
United People's Freedom Alliance politicians
Sri Lankan Roman Catholics
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17337950
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amara%20apricaria
|
Amara apricaria
|
Amara apricaria is a species of beetle of the genus Amara in the family Carabidae. It is native to Europe.
References
apricaria
Beetles described in 1790
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44504659
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSK%20Film%20Corporation
|
JSK Film Corporation
|
JSK Film Corporation is an Indian film production and distribution company based in Chennai. JSK film corporation along with film productions acquires negative rights of film's too. JSK Audio label was launched in 2014 which are into the production of music for the subsequent films which are being produced by JSK Film Corporation.
History
JSK Film Corporation founded by J. Satish Kumar at its early years entered the distribution of film's all around Tamil Nadu in 2006. They have distributed Hollywood film's Rush Hour 3, The Forbidden Kingdom, Live Free or Die Hard and Rambo in Tamil Nadu. JSK Film Corporation has acquired the negative rights of nine film's starting from 2007.
Filmography
Distribution
Production
Film soundtracks released
Awards and nominations[edit]
References
Indian companies established in 2006
Film production companies based in Chennai
Mass media companies established in 2006
2006 establishments in Tamil Nadu
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23580362
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohio%20State%20Route%20211
|
Ohio State Route 211
|
State Route 211 (SR 211) is a north–south state highway in the eastern portion of the U.S. state of Ohio. Though physically it runs in a northwesterly–southeasterly direction, according to the Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) and signage on the route itself its southern terminus is located north of its northern terminus. The unusual directional signage is a vestige of when SR 211 traveled further south acting as a bypass of New Philadelphia and Dover. The highway runs from its signed southern terminus at a signalized intersection with SR 39 on the border of the city of Dover and Dover Township, just one block east of exit 83 off the Interstate 77 (I-77)/U.S. Route 250 (US 250) freeway, to its signed northern terminus at a signalized intersection with SR 800 near downtown Dover.
Route description
SR 211 almost runs entirely within Dover in central Tuscarawas County. The highway begins at an intersection with SR 39 in Dover Township, about east of its interchange with I-77 and US 250. This intersection is surrounded by numerous commercial businesses including gas stations and fast food restaurants as a part of its closeness to the Interstate. It heads east and after crossing into the city and an R.J. Corman railroad at-grade, SR 211 follows Tuscarawas Avenue towards the southeast through a residential neighborhood of Dover. In addition to houses, it passes numerous churches, small businesses, and schools (including Tuscarawas Central Catholic High School and Dover High School). Before crossing the Tuscarawas River, SR 211 turns left to head northeast on Front Street for three blocks. At Wooster Street, SR 211 ends at a signalized intersection with SR 800. SR 800 heads to the southeast on Wooster Street over the river and northeast on Front Street.
The route is two-lanes in width for its entire route with the exception of turning lanes at some intersections and a center turn lane between SR 39 and Slingloff Avenue. SR 211 is not included as a part of the National Highway System.
History
Since it was created in 1923, SR 211 has existed in the Dover vicinity. However, the original routing is much different than how it runs today. In 1923, SR 211 traveled from SR 20 later US 21 (now the intersection of SR 39 and Stonecreek Road) east of New Philadelphia north along the west banks of the Tuscarawas River and Sugar Creek before crossing Sugar Creek into Dover on Third Street ending at Tuscarawas Street (at the time carrying SR 39). In 1937, the route was extended south along the Tuscarawas River's bank to the community of South Side at SR 16 (the community is now a southern annexation of New Philadelphia and the intersecting state highway is now SR 416). The entire road was a dirt road until 1941 when the portion south of US 21 became a gravel road and an asphalt road to the north.
Around 1964, with the construction of I-77 commencing, SR 39 was relocated to bypass downtown Dover to the west. It was routed to travel on SR 211 north of US 21 leaving SR 211 only on the portion between SR 16 and US 21. Within a couple of years, US 250's relocation onto a freeway bypassing New Philadelphia obliterated the surface road between SR 16 and US 21 leading to the temporary retirement of the SR 211 designation. The designation resurfaced around 1971 when a state-maintained road connecting SR 39 and SR 800 was created in Dover, partly along what was previously SR 39. The route has not experienced any reroutings since the second designation.
Major intersections
References
External links
211
Transportation in Tuscarawas County, Ohio
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23580366
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M.%20H.%20A.%20Haleem
|
M. H. A. Haleem
|
Mohamed Hashim Abdul Haleem is a Sri Lankan politician and a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka and current Minister of Muslim Religious Affairs and Posts.
References
Parliament profile
1956 births
Living people
Samagi Jana Balawegaya politicians
United National Party politicians
Members of the 11th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 12th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 14th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 15th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 16th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Sri Lankan Muslims
Muslim religious affairs ministers of Sri Lanka
Posts ministers of Sri Lanka
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23580368
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denys%20Rebryk
|
Denys Rebryk
|
Denys Rebryk (; born 4 April 1985) is a Ukrainian footballer currently under contract for Hungarian side Ceglédi VSE.
External links
Profile at HLSZ
1985 births
Living people
People from Uzhhorod
Hungarian people of Ukrainian descent
Ukrainian footballers
Association football forwards
FC Hoverla Uzhhorod players
Vasas SC players
Jászberényi SE footballers
Lombard-Pápa TFC footballers
BFC Siófok players
Ceglédi VSE footballers
Nemzeti Bajnokság I players
Ukrainian expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Hungary
Ukrainian expatriate sportspeople in Hungary
Association football midfielders
Sportspeople from Zakarpattia Oblast
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23580372
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunil%20Handunnetti
|
Sunil Handunnetti
|
Sunil Handunnetti (born October 19, 1970) is a Sri Lankan politician and a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka. He contested the 2010 parliamentary elections under the Democratic National Alliance (DNA), which is led by former army chief Sarath Fonseka and was re-elected to Parliament from Colombo District.
Entered politics by being a student in Sri Jayawardanapura University and became the Convener of the Inter University Students' Federation in 1995 and continued until 1996. Was an activity in the Socialist Students Union.
Entered full-time politics in 1998 and was elected as a councilor of Colombo Municipal Council during 1998-1999
Was elected to the Central Committee of the JVP in 2000 and was appointed to the Political Bureau of the JVP in 2012 and was appointed as the Financial Secretary of the JVP.
Elected to Parliament at the general election held in 2004 with the second highest number of preferential votes from Colombo District. In 2004 was appointed as the Deputy Minister of Ministry of Rural Economic Affairs.
References
Living people
Sri Lankan Buddhists
Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna politicians
United People's Freedom Alliance politicians
Members of the 12th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 14th Parliament of Sri Lanka
1971 births
Alumni of Dharmasoka College
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44504664
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Langer%20House
|
Langer House
|
Langer House is a heritage-listed detached house at 396 Swann Road, St Lucia, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by architect Karl Langer as his own home and built in 1950. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.
History
A vacant block of land on a southern slope in St Lucia was acquired by Karl and Gertrude Langer in 1950 as the site for their new home. The house, a two storeyed brick structure with flat roof designed by Dr Karl Langer was completed in the same year. It remained the home of Karl and Gertrude Langer till their deaths in 1969 and 1984 respectively. Constructed under post war building restrictions, including a floor area limit of 12.5 squares or 13.5 squares if a staircase was incorporated, the design was the product of Karl Langer's research into local climatic issues and his European architectural training. At the rear of the house a rainforest garden was established, a unique undertaking at that time, using indigenous plants such as ferns, native violets and verbenas, cunjevois, walking stick palms, myrtle bushes, ground orchids and rainforest trees. The front garden, a more formal arrangement with a hedge and fish pond was designed in the Japanese style. Timber furniture designed by Karl Langer in the 1930s was used to furnish the house.
Karl Langer was born in Vienna in 1903 where he lived until emigrating to Australia in 1939 with his wife Gertrude. Karl studied architecture in Vienna most notably in the Master Class run by Peter Behrens at the Viennese Academy graduating in 1926. During this time Karl had worked in the office of Josef Frank, who was to become well known in Swedish modernism, and later in the office of Schmidt and Aichinger. In 1928 he was appointed the architect in charge of Behrens Vienna office where he designed and supervised important works such as the tobacco factory in Linz, Austria. At this time he also commenced studies in Art History at the Vienna University graduating as a Doctor of Philosophy in 1933 with a thesis entitled "Origins and Development of Concrete Construction". In 1935 Karl established his own practice in Vienna.
Gertrude Froeschel was born in Vienna in 1908. She commenced study in the History of Art at Vienna University in 1926 being taught by Professor Josef Strzygowski and later attended lectures by Henri Focillon at the Sorbonne. In 1932 she married a fellow student Karl Langer graduating the following year on the same night as he with a Doctorate of Philosophy in Art History. In 1938 with the annexation of Austria by the Third Reich, Gertrude who was Jewish, and Karl left Vienna and travelled via Athens to Australia.
Karl and Gertrude arrived in Sydney in May 1939 proceeding to Brisbane in July so that Karl could commence work for architects Cook and Kerrison. From the time of their arrival until their deaths the Langers dedicated themselves to a great variety of civic and professional activities. Their combined efforts greatly influenced the development of the arts and design in Queensland especially through such organisations as the Queensland Art Gallery Society, the Australian Council for the Arts and the Vacation Schools of Creative Art in which they fulfilled key roles over many years.
Karl became well known throughout Australia shortly after his arrival when his appointment to the position of Assistant Town Planner with the Brisbane City Council in 1944 resulted in a Parliamentary Enquiry. The primary cause for complaint was the appointment of an "enemy alien" over a returned soldier. The outcome of this enquiry found that Karl Langer was an individual whose talent and experience clearly distinguished him as the most suitable applicant. He was still prevented from taking up the position, as Queensland Railways, his employer, refused to release him invoking wartime manpower regulations. He remained in the service of the Queensland Railways until 1946 when he left to establish his architectural and planning practice in Brisbane. He worked throughout Australia and was the initiator of many influential urban design ideas such as the site for the Sydney Opera House and the pedestrianisation of Queen Street. He was the designer of buildings such as:
the Main Roads Building at Spring Hill
Chapel of St Peter's Lutheran College at Indooroopilly
Lennons Broadbeach Hotel on the Gold Coast
and worked in the regional centres of Queensland as an architect, town planner and landscape architect.
Karl lectured at the University of Queensland and the Queensland Institute of Technology in design, town planning and landscape architecture. Research carried out when he first arrived in Brisbane pioneered the field of climatic design and resulted in 1944 in the publication of an influential booklet called "Subtropical Housing". He was instrumental in establishing, and was the first president of the Brisbane division of the Australian Planning Institute and the Queensland Branch of the Australian Institute of Landscape Architects and was a Fellow of the Royal Australian Institute of Architects.
Gertrude was the art critic for The Courier Mail from 1953 until her death, her last review being published on the day she died, 19 September 1984. She was a foundation member of the International Association of Art Critics and was president of the Association's Australian Division from 1975 to 1978. Through her work with the Gallery Society and her personal donations of art works including drawings by Karl she exerted her influence on the collection of the Queensland Art Gallery.
The house was sold to the present owner after the death of Gertrude Langer. Alterations were subsequently made to the interior and a third level was added.
Description
The house, a three storeyed masonry and timber structure, is located in a well known suburban street on a small rectangular block with a narrow frontage. The site is a south facing slope that falls steeply away from the street. In the space between the house and the footpath is a single storeyed garage, a covered access to the house and a small walled garden containing a fish pond. On the footpath in front of the house stand a very tall river gum. Concealed from the street behind the house is a mature rainforest garden.
Rectangular in plan the house spans across the block with minimal setbacks from side boundaries. The walls are constructed of brickwork which has been rendered and painted, floors are built of timber and skillion roofs are sheeted in corrugated asbestos cement. Openings, primarily timber casement windows, are concentrated in the longer northern and southern elevations facilitating illumination and ventilation of the interior while maintaining privacy. The compact plan of the house ensures the maximum amount of garden space on the small site.
The northern facade rises two storeys above the street. Windows on this elevation are protected by protruding window surrounds on the upper level and a masonry projection that forms an awning over ground level openings. A row of ventilator slots is located above the upper-level windows. The main roof of the house, concealed behind the parapet wall on the northern elevation, has an overhang onto the roof terrace.
Originally built on two levels, the house now has a third level which has been built into the former undercroft space. The front door of the house opens into an entrance hall containing a timber stair which now extends down to the added lower level. This middle level consists of open planned living spaces. Adjacent to the hall is the kitchen which opens onto a former dining area. A long room, originally divided by a timber screen into living area and study, extends across the back of the house with a fireplace on the eastern end. Timber framed double doors open from the hallway into the long room. The internal timber panelling has been removed and the fireplace, originally exposed brickwork, has been bagged and painted.
The upper level consists of two small bedrooms, a bathroom and a large roof terrace which overlooks the densely planted rear garden. The roof terrace is accessed from the landing at the top of the stairs through double timber doors. Built-in cupboards in the principal bedroom have been painted. A wardrobe designed by Karl Langer remains in the smaller bedroom. Doors which opened from the principal bedroom directly onto the terrace have been replaced with windows.
The former Japanese garden has been altered by the increase to the height of the brick garden wall and the removal of the original planting.
Heritage listing
Langer House was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.
The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history.
It is an excellent example of the invigorating contribution to Australian culture made by 20th century migrants.
The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.
The Langer House at St Lucia survives as a fine example of the work of the important and influential architect Karl Langer.
The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.
Through the decorative restraint evident in the facade detailing and composition, and the efficient but spacious planning of the house, Langer introduced to Brisbane aesthetic ideals and social concerns drawn from his experience of European modernism.
The place is important in demonstrating a high degree of creative or technical achievement at a particular period.
It is an inventive and pioneering solution to the problem of domestic design in Brisbane under post-Second World War building restrictions.
Karl Langer's original observations of local climate and landscape led to the incorporation of climatic design principles and an innovative approach to garden design including experimental gardening in the Japanese style and the suburban rainforest garden.
The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland's history.
The home of Gertrude and Karl Langer from 1950 until their deaths, the house and garden are the creation and embodiment of a partnership which had a significant impact on cultural life in Queensland.
References
Attribution
Further reading
External links
Queensland Heritage Register
St Lucia, Queensland
Houses in Queensland
Articles incorporating text from the Queensland Heritage Register
Houses completed in 1950
Karl Langer buildings
1950 establishments in Australia
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23580375
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P.%20Harrison
|
P. Harrison
|
Pelisge Harrison (born July 24, 1964) is a Sri Lankan United National Party politician, current member of the Parliament for Anuradhapura District current cabinet Minister of Social Empowerment and former Minister of Rural Economic Affairs. Harrison first entered parliament in 1994 from the United National Party within a few years from his graduation from the University of Kelaniya.
He is the Minister of Agriculture, Rural Economic Affairs, Livestock Development, Irrigation, Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Development.
References
Sri Lanka Parliament profile
1964 births
Living people
United National Party politicians
Sri Lankan Buddhists
Members of the 10th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 11th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 12th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 14th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 15th Parliament of Sri Lanka
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23580378
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deltate
|
Deltate
|
The word deltate, in its most common senses, is derived from the Greek delta (letter), specifically the capital form (Δ). It may mean:
In biology, a triangular leaf shape.
In chemistry, a salt of deltic acid, which has three carbon atoms connected in a triangle.
See also
Deltoid (disambiguation)
River delta
Deltic (disambiguation)
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44504671
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High%20Courses%20for%20Scriptwriters%20and%20Film%20Directors
|
High Courses for Scriptwriters and Film Directors
|
The High Courses for Scriptwriters and Film Directors (HCFDS) () comprises a variety of optional post-graduate film school courses in Moscow, Russia. Its The Advanced Course for Screenwriters and Film Directors is the oldest professional qualification in the cinematographic arts in Russia for people with relevant higher education qualifications.
The school was established in 1963 in the Soviet Union, but its history goes back to 1956. Formerly state-funded, the college is now independent from the state educational establishment in Russia, offering professional education in cinematography, screenwriting, production and direction.
References
External link
Vocational education in the Soviet Union
Cinema of the Soviet Union
Film schools in Russia
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23580382
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jayarathna%20Herath
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Jayarathna Herath
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Jayarathna Herath is a Sri Lankan politician, a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka and a government minister.
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
United People's Freedom Alliance politicians
Members of the 11th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 12th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 14th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 16th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Government ministers of Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka Freedom Party politicians
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44504693
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%20Dickinson
|
Don Dickinson
|
Don Dickinson is a Canadian writer, born in Prince Albert, Saskatchewan on December 27, 1947. He was a shortlisted nominee for the Governor General's Award for English-language fiction at the 1991 Governor General's Awards for his short story collection Blue Husbands, and for the 1993 Books in Canada First Novel Award for his novel The Crew. Blue Husbands was also a winner of the Ethel Wilson Fiction Prize in 1992.
Dickinson has published one other short story collection and three novels. A graduate of the University of Saskatchewan and the University of British Columbia, he worked primarily as a school teacher in Lillooet, British Columbia. He served on the jury for the Governor General's Awards in 1996.
Works
Rag and Bone Man (2019)
Fighting the Upstream (1987)
Blue Husbands (1991)
The Crew (1993)
Robbiestime (2000)
References
Living people
Canadian male novelists
Canadian male short story writers
20th-century Canadian novelists
21st-century Canadian novelists
People from Lillooet
Writers from British Columbia
20th-century Canadian short story writers
21st-century Canadian short story writers
20th-century Canadian male writers
21st-century Canadian male writers
1947 births
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23580385
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vijitha%20Herath
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Vijitha Herath
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Herath Mudiyanselage Vijitha Herath (born 1 May 1968) is a Sri Lankan politician, former Cabinet Minister of Cultural Affairs & National Heritage and current member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka. He contested in the 2010 parliamentary election under the Democratic National Alliance (DNA) and was elected to parliament from Gampaha District.
Electoral history
References
Parliament profile
Government ministers of Sri Lanka
Living people
Members of the 11th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 12th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 14th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 15th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 16th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna politicians
National People's Power politicians
United People's Freedom Alliance politicians
1968 births
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23580390
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samansiri%20Herath
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Samansiri Herath
|
Samansiri Herath is a Sri Lankan politician and a former member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka.
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna politicians
Jathika Nidahas Peramuna politicians
United People's Freedom Alliance politicians
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23580392
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renuka%20Herath
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Renuka Herath
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Dunuthilaka Mudiyanselage Renuka Menike Herath, commonly known as Renuka Herath (Sinhala: රේණුකා හේරත්, Tamil language: ரேணுகா ஹேரத், Born 7 September 1945 – 13 March 2017), was a prominent Sri Lankan politician and a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka. She was the Health Minister under President Ranasinghe Premadasa. Renuka Herath was the opposition leader of the Central Provincial Council when she died.
During her tenure as the Minister of Health, while there was a tremendous amount of improvement to the healthcare system, it was also a time where no strikes in the healthcare service sector were allowed to cause inconvenience the public. She was active in politics up until she died in 2017.
She is still known today as one of the most outspoken and courageous political leaders who fought for justice and rights of the people.
Career
Renuka Herath was a member of the UNP and came into politics by contesting in 1977 from her native Walapane electorate in Nuwara-Eliya district. She went on to win her first election and became a district minister.
In 1988, she was appointed as the deputy minister of cultural affairs. During President Ranasinghe Premadasa’s regime, she was the Minister of Health and women’s affairs. It was during her tenure in office that a major development in infrastructure and public service sector and uplift the quality of life for the people in Walapane and Nuwara-Eliya.
References
1945 births
2017 deaths
Members of the 8th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 9th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 10th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
District ministers of Sri Lanka
Health ministers of Sri Lanka
Women legislators in Sri Lanka
Women government ministers of Sri Lanka
United National Party politicians
20th-century Sri Lankan women politicians
21st-century Sri Lankan women politicians
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44504694
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxopneustes%20elegans
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Toxopneustes elegans
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Toxopneustes elegans is a species of sea urchin endemic to Japan. Like the closely related flower urchin, they are venomous.
Taxonomy
Toxopneustes elegans is one of the four species in the genus Toxopneustes. It was first described by the German zoologist Ludwig Heinrich Philipp Döderlein in 1885. The generic name Toxopneustes literally means "poison breath", derived from Greek τοξικόν [φάρμακον] (toksikón [phármakon], "arrow [poison]") and πνευστος (pneustos, "breath"). The specific name elegans means "elegant" in Latin.
It has no English common name, but it is known as kurosuji-rappa-uni (クロスジラッパウニ) in Japanese (literally "black streaked flower urchin").
Description
Toxopneustes elegans resemble the more common flower urchins, but they are smaller, reaching a maximum diameter of only . They also have smaller pedicellariae, though they are still characteristically flower-like in appearance. The most distinctive feature of the species, however, are the prominent black bands just below the tip of each of the short spines.
Distribution
Toxopneustes elegans is endemic to Japan. They can be found from Sagami Bay in Honshu to the waters around the Amami Islands and Okinawa. They inhabit coral reefs, coral rubble, rocks, sand, and seagrass beds at depths of from the water's surface.
Venom
Like other members of the genus, Toxopneustes elegans is venomous. The flower-like pedicellariae can deliver a painful sting if touched.
See also
Fire urchins
References
Toxopneustidae
Animals described in 1885
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44504708
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrison%20Bay
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Harrison Bay
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Harrison Bay may refer to:
in Canada
Harrison Bay (British Columbia), on the Harrison River at the Fraser River
in the United States
Harrison Bay (Beaufort Sea), a bay on the north coast of Alaska, location of an island named for George Baker Leavitt, Sr.
Harrison Bay, in Harrison Bay State Park, on Chickamauga Lake, Tennessee, named for submerged, former Harrison, Tennessee
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23580394
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D.%20M.%20Jayaratne
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D. M. Jayaratne
|
Dissanayaka Mudiyanselage Jayaratne (, ; 4 June 1931 – 19 November 2019), known as D. M. "Di Mu" Jayaratne, was a veteran Sri Lankan politician who was Prime Minister of Sri Lanka from 2010 to 2015. A founding member of the Sri Lanka Freedom Party, Jayaratne was first elected to parliament in 1970. He was sworn in as Prime Minister on 21 April 2010.
Early life
D. M. Jayaratne was born on 4 June 1931. He was educated at Doluwa Maha Vidyalaya and at Zahira College in Gampola, a town just outside Kandy. Following the founding of the Sri Lanka Freedom Party in Kandy in 1951 by S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike, Jayaratne worked as a teacher at Doluwa Maha Vidyalaya. He later worked as Postmaster at Doluwa from 1960 to 1962.
Political career
Jayaratne started his political career having been elected a member of the Village Council of Doluwa, where he later became the Chairman of the Village Council. He also become the President of the Kandy District Village Council Chairmen Association and a Member of the Federation of All Ceylon Village Council.
He first entered parliament following the 1970 general election, obtaining 14,463 votes as the Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP) candidate in the Gampola electorate, and defeating W.P.B. Dissanayake of the United National Party (UNP). He was subsequently defeated by Dissanayake in the 1977 election in which just 8 members of the SLFP were returned to parliament. He was again re-elected to parliament in 1989 from the Kandy District under the new preferential voting system. He obtained 54,290 preferential votes, topping the SLFP list in the Kandy District.
Re-elected to parliament under the People's Alliance in 1994, Jayaratne was appointed Minister of Land, Agriculture and Forestry by President Chandrika Kumaratunga, entering the cabinet for the first time. He held several senior party positions such as Secretary General of People's United Front and Senior Vice President of Sri Lanka Freedom Party. Ministerial appointments he held included:
Minister of Lands, Agriculture, Forestry and Livestock (1994)
Minister of Agriculture, Land and Forestry (1997)
Minister of Agriculture and Land (1999)
Minister of Agriculture (2000)
Minister of Agriculture Land Forestry Food and Cooperative Development (2001 Probationary Government)
Minister of Post and Communication (2004 while being in the Opposition)
Minister of Post and Telecommunication (2004)
Minister of Telecommunication and Rural Economic Promotion (2005)
Minister of Telecommunication and Upcountry Development (2006)
Minister of Plantation Industries (2007)
Prime Minister
Following the election victory of the United People's Freedom Alliance at the 2010 general election, Jayaratne, the most senior member of the SLFP, was sworn in as Prime Minister on 21 April 2010. Under the constitution of Sri Lanka, the role of Prime Minister is largely a ceremonial post. Along with it, he also held the Ministry of Buddha Sasana (Buddhism) and Religious Affairs.
Personal life
Jayaratne had three children. His youngest Anuradha Jayaratne, is a former State Minister and current member of parliament, his daughter is a graduate from Manipal University, Manipal campus, India.
See also
List of political families in Sri Lanka
Cabinet of Sri Lanka
References
1931 births
2019 deaths
Government ministers of Sri Lanka
Members of the 7th Parliament of Ceylon
Members of the 9th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 10th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 11th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 12th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 14th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Prime Ministers of Sri Lanka
Sri Lankan Buddhists
Sri Lanka Freedom Party politicians
United People's Freedom Alliance politicians
People of British Ceylon
Posts ministers of Sri Lanka
Telecommunication ministers of Sri Lanka
Sinhalese politicians
Sinhalese teachers
Postmasters
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44504711
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam%20Baal%20Shem
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Adam Baal Shem
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According to Hasidic legend, Rabbi Adam Baal Shem of Ropczyce () was a Rabbi and Mystic who lead a group of Hidden Tzaddikim called Machane Yisroel, started by Rabbi Eliyahu Baal Shem of Loans. The leadership of the movement was later handed down to Rabbi Yoel Baal Shem, who in turn handed it down to Rabbi Adam Baal Shem, who in turn handed it down to Rabbi Yisrael ben Eliezer, the Baal Shem Tov.
According to the Chernobyler chassidic tradition, he was the grandfather of Rabbi Menachem Nochum Twerski of Chernobyl.
whose full name was Rabbi Adam nochum Shustak.The exact identity of Rabbi Adam is unknown. Since the name Adam was rare among European Jewry, Gershom Scholem considers it to be a pseudonym for Heshel Zoref (died 1700). According to Rabbi Aryeh Kaplan, others identify this Adam with Rabbi David Moshe Abraham (whose initials are Adam) of Troyes or with Adam Zerweiker. Kaplan also writes that it may be an anonym to protect the subject's identity.
According to the Shivhei HaBesht, Rabbi Adam found manuscripts in a cave, containing hidden secrets of the Torah. Rabbi Adam asked in a dream to whom should he hand down the manuscripts? He was answered to hand them down to Rabbi Israel ben Eliezer of the city of Okopy. Before his death, he commanded his only son, who was an eminent scholar, to search for the city with that name and hand the manuscripts to Israel ben Eliezer. After Rabbi Adam died, his son traveled until he arrived at Okopy, where he married the daughter of a wealthy man and eventually gave the manuscripts to the Baal Shem Tov.
References
Baal Shem
Hasidic Judaism
Legendary Jews
People from Ropczyce-Sędziszów County
Place of birth unknown
Place of death unknown
Year of birth unknown
Year of death unknown
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23580400
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike%20Hennigan
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Mike Hennigan
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Michael Hennigan (born 20 December 1942) is an English retired professional football player and manager.
Career
Playing career
Hennigan played as a central defender and began his career with the youth team of Sheffield Wednesday, but he never made a first team league appearance. Hennigan later played in the Football League for Southampton and Brighton & Hove Albion, before moving to South Africa to play with Durban United.
Managerial career
Hennigan briefly took joint temporary management of Blackpool in 1999, along with Mike Davies, after the departure of Nigel Worthington.
Hennigan managed the Malawi national side in 2005.
References
External links
Mike Hennigan - A Tribute by John Doxey
1942 births
Living people
People from Thrybergh
Sportspeople from Yorkshire
English footballers
Association football defenders
Sheffield Wednesday F.C. players
Southampton F.C. players
Brighton & Hove Albion F.C. players
Durban United F.C. players
English Football League players
English football managers
Blackpool F.C. managers
Malawi national football team managers
Expatriate football managers in Malawi
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23580402
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandrani%20Bandara%20Jayasinghe
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Chandrani Bandara Jayasinghe
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Chandrani Bandara Jayasinghe is a Sri Lankan politician and a former member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka.
References
Living people
Members of the 11th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 12th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 14th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 15th Parliament of Sri Lanka
United National Party politicians
1962 births
Women's ministers of Sri Lanka
21st-century Sri Lankan women politicians
Women government ministers of Sri Lanka
Women legislators in Sri Lanka
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23580407
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumedha%20Jayasena
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Sumedha Jayasena
|
Sumedha Gunawathie Jayasena (සුමේධා ගුණවතී ජයසේන) is a Sri Lankan politician, a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka and a government cabinet minister.
Dr. Sumedha G. Jayasena is the Minister of Parliamentary affairs of Sri Lanka, aged 62. Sumedha G. Jyasena, has held various cabinet ministerial positions over the 25 continuous years of her political career. She has been doing an enormous service to her Constituency 'Monaragala' over the years. She contributed massively to the rehabilitation/rebuild process after the devastating 2004 tsunami in Sri Lanka as the Minister of social services.
Political career
1989-1994 Member of Parliament Monaragala District
1994-1999 Deputy Minister of Buddhist Affairs
1999-2005 Minister of Social Services
2005-2010 Minister of Women's Affairs/Empowerment
2010–present Minister of Parliamentary Affairs
References
Living people
Members of the 10th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 11th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 12th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 14th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Government ministers of Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka Freedom Party politicians
United People's Freedom Alliance politicians
Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna politicians
1952 births
Women legislators in Sri Lanka
Social affairs ministers of Sri Lanka
20th-century Sri Lankan women politicians
21st-century Sri Lankan women politicians
Women government ministers of Sri Lanka
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44504713
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Taiwan%20relations
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Indonesia–Taiwan relations
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Indonesia–Taiwan relations are foreign relations between Indonesia and Taiwan. Currently, Indonesia does not officially recognize Republic of China (Taiwan) as it adopted One-China Policy; officially recognizing only the People’s Republic of China since 1950. Despite geopolitical constraints, the relations between two countries remain flourished over times, the opportunities for widening and deepening the relations have grown.
History
Ethnically and linguistically indigenous peoples of Taiwan and native Indonesians are related, as both belong to Austronesian ancestry. The "out of Taiwan theory", suggests that the Austronesian-speaking people — the ancestors of Indonesians — came from Taiwan during the "Austronesian Expansion" which began 4,000–5,000 years ago. Nevertheless, the question of origin and ancestry of present-day Austronesian-speaking populations remains controversial.
Prior to the Independence of Indonesia, during Dutch East Indies era in early 20th century, Republic of China has reached out to people of the Indies, especially towards Overseas Chinese. Back in 1900, the socio-religious organization Tiong Hoa Hwe Koan (), also known as the Chinese Association, was founded in the East Indies. Their goal was to urge ethnic Chinese in the Indies to support the revolutionary movement in mainland China. The 1912 founding of the Republic of China coincided with a growing Chinese-nationalist movement within the Indies. At that time, many Chinese Indonesians had dual citizenship and remained loyal to the Republic of China.
After Indonesia proclaimed its independence in 1945 and won recognition in 1949, Indonesia briefly recognized the Republic of China between period 1949 to 1950. However, after the defeat of Republic of China Armed Forces to People's Liberation Army, and its retreat to Taiwan, a former Japanese colony, in 1950 Indonesia shifted its official recognition to People's Republic of China and opted for One-China policy.
In 1965, after a political turmoil in Indonesia that led to the fall of Sukarno and the rise of Suharto, the relations between Indonesia and Communist China worsened as the two nations severed diplomatic relations. However Indonesia did not re-establish diplomatic relations with Republic of China, despite sharing anti-communist sentiments at that time. Nevertheless, Indonesia and Taiwan enjoy close relations since the late 1960s.
Indonesia has established an Indonesian Economic and Trade Office in Taipei since 1970, while Taiwan reciprocated by establishing Taipei Economic and Trade Office (TETO) in Jakarta since 1971. In October 2015, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced the planned opening of the second TETO in Surabaya, East Java. The office was officially opened on 18 December 2015 and started its operation on 21 December 2015.
Economic relations
Indonesia is Taiwan's 10th-largest trade partner, with annual two-way trade volume reaching US$12.3 billion. For Indonesia, Taiwan is their 9th-largest foreign direct investment source, with total investments amounting to US$15.3 billion, generating about 1 million job opportunities, while there are around 8,000 Taiwanese managerial and technical personnel working in Indonesia. According to the Investment Coordinating Board, 1,475 Taiwanese investors had invested in Indonesia up to June 2012.
On 12 May 2016, both sides signed an agricultural cooperation agreement in Taipei, which includes agrifood, horticulture, dairy farming and slope crops for areas of cooperation and investment.
Education
Currently, there are around 4,500 Indonesian students studying in Taiwan.
Citizens of the Republic of China (Taiwan) residing in Indonesia are served by two international schools:
Jakarta Taipei School (雅加達臺灣學校)
Surabaya Taipei International School (印尼泗水臺灣學校)
Tourism
Taiwan is the 8th-largest source of visitors to Indonesia. In 2012, 216,535 Taiwanese tourists visited Indonesia. With 88 flights per week between the two countries, the popular tourist destinations for Taiwanese visitors are Bali, Borobudur and Jakarta.
Sports
The Taiwan External Trade Development Council has been organizing the Taiwan Excellence Happy Run in Jakarta since 2014.
Migrant workers
Indonesia is Taiwan's largest source of foreign migrant workers. In 2012, there were around 185,000 Indonesian migrant workers in Taiwan, equal to 42 percent of the total foreign workforce in Taiwan. The number has continually risen since January 2011, when the Agreements on the Placement of Indonesian Manpower in Taiwan was signed. In 2014, the figure raised to 190,000 Indonesian laborers out of total 450,000 foreign workers in Taiwan. Indonesian President Joko Widodo has praised Taiwan for its friendly treatment of Indonesian workers.
See also
Indonesians in Taiwan
Chinese Indonesians
References
External links
Indonesian Economic and Trade Office (KDEI) in Taipei
Taipei Economic and Trade Office (TETO) in Jakarta
Taiwan
Bilateral relations of Taiwan
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23580408
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premalal%20Jayasekara
|
Premalal Jayasekara
|
Halkedaliya Lekamlage alias Mahawela Lekamlage Premalal Jayasekara (Sinhala: ප්රේමලාල් ජයසේකර), also known by his pseudonym Choka Malli (Sinhala: චොකා මල්ලි) (lit. Lil' Choco Brother) is a Sri Lankan convicted murderer, politician, and is a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka and a former government deputy minister.
On 31 July 2020, he along with two others were sentenced to death over a fatal shooting during the 2015 Sri Lankan presidential election. but were acquitted and released by the Court of Appeal on 31 March 2022.
Murder conviction
The lead-up to the 2015 Sri Lankan presidential election was marred by some violence. On January 05 2015 opposition candidate Maithripala Sirisena was due to address a rally in the town of Kahawatta in the Ratnapura District. Premalal Jayasekara, then a Deputy Minister in the government of incumbent President Mahinda Rajapaksa, was involved in a shooting incident that fatally wounded a supporter of Sirisena who was decorating the election stage.
After a trial lasting 5 years, the Ratnapura High Court sentenced Jayasekara and two others to death on 31 July 2020. Later they filed petitions with the Court of Appeal citing that the manner in which the death sentence was imposed was in violation of the law. On 31 March 2022, they were acquitted and released by the Court of Appeal.
2020 parliamentary election
During the 2020 Sri Lankan parliamentary election, Jayasekara won 104,237 preferential votes in the Ratnapura District and was elected to Parliament. The Attorney General of Sri Lanka Dappula de Livera informed Parliament that as a convicted criminal on death row, Jayasekara was ineligible to hold office as a Member of Parliament. However, after the Court of Appeal of Sri Lanka ruled that there was no legal impediment to Jayasekara being sworn in as an MP, he was permitted to attend sittings from prison.
References
1974 births
Government ministers of Sri Lanka
Living people
Members of the 12th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 14th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 15th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 16th Parliament of Sri Lanka
People convicted of murder by Sri Lanka
Politicians convicted of murder
Prisoners sentenced to death by Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka Freedom Party politicians
Sri Lankan people convicted of murder
Sri Lankan politicians convicted of crimes
Sri Lankan prisoners sentenced to death
Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna politicians
United People's Freedom Alliance politicians
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23580410
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achala%20Jagodage
|
Achala Jagodage
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Achala Jagodage (born ) is a Sri Lankan politician and a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka.
References
Parliament profile
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Members of the 12th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 14th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Jathika Nidahas Peramuna politicians
Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna politicians
1973 births
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17337951
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Crocodile%20%281867%29
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HMS Crocodile (1867)
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HMS Crocodile was a Euphrates-class troopship launched into the Thames from the Blackwall Yard of Money Wigram & Sons on 7 January 1867. She was the fourth and last vessel of the Royal Navy to carry the name.
Design
Crocodile was one of five iron-hulled vessels of the Euphrates class. All five were built to a design of 360 ft overall length by about 49 ft breadth, although Malabar was very slightly smaller than the rest of the class. They had a single screw, a speed of 14 knots, one funnel, a barque-rig sail plan, three 4-pounder guns, and a white painted hull. Her bow was a "ram bow" which projected forward below the waterline.
Identification
The "Euphrates" Class troopships could each be identified by a different coloured hull band. The Crocodile's hull band was yellow. The blue hull band of her sister Euphrates became the standard for all HM Troopships.
Career
Crocodile was built for the transport of troops between the United Kingdom and the Indian sub-continent, and was operated by the Royal Navy. She carried up to 1,200 troops and family on a passage of approximately 70 days. On 27 November 1867, she collided with the Canadian merchant ship John Dwyer in the English Channel off Start Point, Devon. John Dwyer sank with the loss of four of her crew. Crocodile rescued the survivors. She was commissioned in April 1870 under Captain G H Parkin.
Crocodile was re-engined rather later in life than her sisters, with her single-expansion steam engine replaced with a more efficient compound-expansion type.
Crocodiles last voyage began at Bombay in October 1893. On 3 November, as she was approaching Aden, the high-pressure steam cylinder exploded and the ship came to a halt. The next day she was towed to an anchorage near Aden. Most of the soldiers and their families were brought home on other ships. Crocodile eventually arrived back at Portsmouth on 30 December 1893, having travelled using only the low-pressure steam cylinder, and was not further employed for trooping.
Fate
Crocodile was sold for breaking on 11 May 1894.
Commanding officers
Notes
References
External links
Emigration of Dockyard Workmen on the Crocodile, 1870 (image)
Passenger List, June 1870 (Portsmouth)
Euphrates-class troopships
Troop ships of the Royal Navy
Ships built by the Blackwall Yard
Victorian-era naval ships of the United Kingdom
1867 ships
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23580413
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S.%20Jegadhiswaran
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S. Jegadhiswaran
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Shanmugan Jegadhiswaran (also spelt Shanmugam Jegatheeswaran, Sanmugan Jegadeeswaran) is a Sri Lankan politician, a former member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka and a former government minister.
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Government ministers of Sri Lanka
United People's Freedom Alliance politicians
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17337952
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amara%20armeniaca
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Amara armeniaca
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Amara armeniaca is a species of beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in East Europe and further east in the Palearctic realm.
References
armeniaca
Beetles of Asia
Beetles of Europe
Beetles described in 1839
Taxa named by Victor Motschulsky
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23580415
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patricio%20Mardones
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Patricio Mardones
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Luis Patricio Mardones Díaz (born 17 July 1962), known as Patricio Mardones, is a former Chilean football midfielder.
Playing career
Mardones is a historical player of the traditional rivals Universidad Católica and Universidad de Chile, since he won 2 national leagues along with each team.
He played for the Chile national football team and was capped 29 times scoring 2 goal between 1985 and 1995. Mardones made his debut on 8 February 1985 in a friendly against Finland.
Coaching career
He worked for Universidad de Chile as the coach of youth ranks (1997–2001) and the assistant coach of the first team (2001–2003). Next, he switched to the university football, and coached the teams of both Universidad del Desarrollo and .
In addition, from 2016 to 2017 he performed as Director of Azul Azul, the public limited company that manages Universidad de Chile. Next, he switched to Head of Recruitment for the youth ranks until 2020.
Honours
Club
Universidad Católica
Copa Polla Gol (1): 1983
Copa de la Reoública (1): 1983
Primera División (2): 1984, 1987
Universidad de Chile
Primera División (2): 1994, 1995
References
External links
Patricio Mardones at PartidosdelaRoja (in Spanish)
Patricio Mardones at PlaymakerStats
1962 births
Living people
People from Cachapoal Province
Chilean footballers
Chilean expatriate footballers
Chile international footballers
1987 Copa América players
1995 Copa América players
Chilean Primera División players
Universidad de Chile footballers
Club Deportivo Universidad Católica footballers
O'Higgins F.C. footballers
Swiss Super League players
FC St. Gallen players
Chilean expatriate sportspeople in Switzerland
Expatriate footballers in Switzerland
Association football midfielders
Chilean football managers
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44504766
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurkha%20Memorial%2C%20London
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Gurkha Memorial, London
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The Memorial to the Brigade of Gurkhas on Horse Guards Avenue, Whitehall, London, was unveiled by Queen Elizabeth II on 3 December 1997. This was the first memorial to Gurkha soldiers in the United Kingdom, and was occasioned by transfer of their headquarters and training centre from Hong Kong to London in 1997. The sculptor was Philip Jackson, working from a statue of 1924 by Richard Reginald Goulden in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, and the plinth was designed by Cecil Denny Highton.
Two casts of Goulden's sculpture had previously been erected in locations in Nepal as World War I memorials to the Gurkhas, the first at Kunraghat in 1928 and the second at Birpur in 1930. The memorial in London is more than one and a half times the size of this model, so Jackson worked the figure up in his own style and from a living model, Captain Khemkumar Limbu. One of several inscriptions on the plinth is a quotation from Sir Ralph Lilley Turner, a former officer in the 3rd Gurkha Rifles.
Inscriptions
1st King George V's Own Gurkha Riflles
(The Malaun Regiment)
2nd King Edward VII's Own Gurkha Rifles
(The Sirmoor Rifles)
3rd Queen Alexandra's Own Gurkha Rifles
4th Prince of Wales's Own Gurkha Rifles
5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force)
6th Queen Elizabeth's Own Gurkha Rifles
7th Duke of Edinburgh's Own Gurkha Rifles
8th Gurkha Rifles9th Gurkha Rifles
10th Princess Mary's Own Gurkha Rifles
11th Gurkha Rifles
The Royal Gurkha Rifles
The Queen's Gurkha Engineers
Queen's Gurkha Signals
Gurkha Military Police
The Queen's Own Gurkha Transport Regiment
Other units in which Gurkha soldiers served after 1815
and also the units of the Royal Nepalese Army
which, as Britain's allies, took part in the Indian Mutiny
and the First and Second World Wars.
India 1816–1826
North East Frontier and Burma 1824–1939
First Sikh War 1845–1846
North West Frontier 1852–1947
Indian Mutiny 1857–1859
Bhutan 1864–1866
Malaya 1875–1876
Second Afghan War 1878–1880
Sikkim 1888
China 1900
Tibet 1904
Third Afghan War 1919
Kurdustan 1919
Iraq 1919–1920
North West Persia 1920
Malabar 1921–1922
Palestine 1945–1946
Java and Sumatra 1945–1946
Indo-China 1945–1946
Malaya 1948–1960
Brunei 1962
Borneo 1963–1966
Malay Peninsula 1964–1965
Falkland Islands 1982
The Gulf 1990–1991
Bosnia 1996
FIRST WORLD WAR
1914–1918
France and Belgium
Gallipoli
Egypt and Palestine
Mesopotamia
SECOND WORLD WAR
1939–1945
North Africa
Italy
Greece
Persia, Iraq and Syria
Malaya and Singapore
Burma
See also
1997 in art
Brigade of Gurkhas
References
External links
The Gurkhas – Britain's oldest allies (December 4, 1997), BBC News
Statue: Gurkha soldier at London Remembers
The Gurkha Soldier Memorial – Horse Guards Avenue, London, UK at Waymarking
1997 establishments in the United Kingdom
1997 sculptures
Gurkhas
Military memorials in London
Outdoor sculptures in London
Statues in the City of Westminster
Whitehall
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23580416
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B6bling%20Carmelite%20Monastery
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Döbling Carmelite Monastery
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The Döbling Carmelite Monastery (Karmelitenkloster Döbling) is a monastery belonging to the Teresian Carmelites, a reformed branch of the Carmelites that arose out of the reform of the Carmelite Order by two Spanish saints, St. Teresa of Ávila and St. John of the Cross; the Teresian Carmelites thus belong to the Discalced Carmelites (Ordo Carmelitarum Discalceatorum). The monastery stands next to a Roman Catholic church in the suburb of Unterdöbling in the 19th district of Vienna, Döbling.
History of the monastery
The first monastery belonging to the Discalced Carmelites was founded in Austria on 4 February 1622 in Leopoldstadt (see Karmeliterviertel). This was made possible by Ferdinand II and his wife Eleonora, but after Joseph II dissolved the Carmelite convent, along with many other monasteries, the order was only able to maintain a single parish. Later, this parish also passed to the lay clergy. The monastery building was later torn down, but the former monastery church is still used as a parish church.
It was not until the end of the 19th century that the order found a new home in Döbling. The Karmelitenkloster Döbling was built in the Silbergasse in Unterdöbling between 1898 and 1901. It was financed from the state religion fund.
Construction
Work began on the monastery and church, which had been designed by architect Richard Jordan, in 1898. The church was built with a nave with four sets of pillars and a double tower facade. The nave is 40 metres long and 20 metres wide. Jordan made particular use of forms found in Romanesque architecture in his construction. The interior of the church is particularly impressive because of the use of Art Nouveau and Art Deco. In addition to a main altar, six secondary altars and a chapel, the church boasts a pulpit in carrara marble made by Ludwig Schadler and decorated with the four original Doctors of the Church – Saint Ambrose, Saint Augustine, Saint Jerome, and Pope Gregory I, although the figure of Pope Gregory resembles Pope Leo XIII, during whose papacy the church was erected.
The main altar
A large mural depicting angels, saints and the Holy Family decorates the wall above the main altar. It is the work of Josef Kastner, who also decorated the nave with scenes from the life of the Holy Family. The altar is the work of Ludwig Schadler and also depicts the four Doctors of the Eastern Church (John Chrysostom, Basil the Great, Gregory of Nazianzus, and Athanasius of Alexandria) in the foreground and Jesus on the cross, flanked by his mother Mary and John the Apostle in the background.
The secondary altars
The church has six side altars, which are described here in clockwise order from the front left-hand corner of the church.
The altar of mercy
The most important side altar is called the altar of mercy, Mary with bowed head. The altar was made in 1904 by the Marmorindustrie Kiefer AG company from Oberalm using Untersberg marble in accordance with a design by Richard Jordan. The depiction of Mary is to be found on a niche altar reminiscent of Romanesque designs. It is flanked by two angels shown in relief and bears the inscription Ave Maria, gratia plena. The history of the depiction itself is explained on an arch over the altar.
The depiction of Mary is an oil painting 45 x 60 cm in size. It is the work of an unknown master of the Italian school of the 15th or 16th century. It shows Mary with her head slightly bowed. A crown was added in 1931. According to legend, the depiction was found by Pater Dominicus covered in dust in an old building near the first Carmelite monastery in the Roman neighborhood of Trastevere. It was restored and made its way to the court in Munich, before being moved to Vienna. It was revered by female Carmelites belonging to the Ordo Carmelitarum, and Ferdinand II is supposed to have prayed before it during the Battle of White Mountain in 1620. Ferdinand II later ascribed the Catholic army's victory to Mary's help. During World War I, the picture was carried in great processions through the streets of Vienna to St. Stephen's Cathedral, where thousands prayed before it for peace. Even Franz Joseph I believed Mary's help could be achieved via this picture and had it brought to Schönbrunn Palace so that he too could pray for peace before it.
The altar of the child Jesus
Opposite the altar of mercy is the altar of the child Jesus. It too was made using Untersberg marble in 1904. Above the altar, there is a copy of a wooden figure of the child Jesus from the 18th century which the Carmelites had brought from their hermitage in Mannersdorf. For its part, the original figure was based on the famous Jesulein (the little Jesus) wax figure in Prague.
The altar of Christ the King
The altar of Christ the King stands to the right of the altar of the child Jesus. It was made in 1922 by the architect of the church, Richard Jordan, from maiolica and marble in art deco style. The altar's design demonstrates the dramatic change in style that had taken place in the space of 20 years.
The altar of Saint Teresa
To the right of the altar of Christ the King is the altar of Saint Teresa. It was donated by the family of Unterdöbling industrialist Johann Zacherl and shows the Transfiguration of Christ on Mount Tabor. The altar was made by the same artists who participated in the construction of the altar to Saint John.
The altar of Saint John
Opposite the altar of Saint Teresa is the altar of Saint John. Like the altar of Saint Teresa, it was donated by the Zacherl family, and shows a vision that Saint John of the Cross had. It was created between 1913 and 1914 by the Dutch Benedictine Jan Verkade. Verkade was also responsible for the glass window above the altar. The marble altar table with its cross and candlesticks is the work of Slovenian architect Jože Plečnik.
The altar of Saint Joseph
The altar of Saint Joseph is located between the altar to Saint John and the altar of mercy.
The chapel of Saint Teresa
The chapel of Saint Teresa houses the grave of the Spanish Carmelite priest Dominicus a Jesu Maria, who participated in the foundation of the monastery in Leopoldstadt in 1632. He was also responsible for bringing the depiction of Mary featured on the altar of mercy to Vienna. In 1903, Dominicus’ remains were brought from Leopoldstadt to Döbling. Behind his grave stands a white marble altar with a figure of Thérèse of Lisieux, a Carmelite nun who was canonised in 1925.
The Carmelite crypt, which is accessible from the chapel, was used between 1917 and 1932 to house coffins, including that of Charles X of France, brought to Vienna on Empress Zita’s orders from the Kostanjevica Monastery in Gorizia which the Empress feared would be damaged in the course of World War I.
References
Christine Klusacek, Kurt Stimmer: Döbling. Vom Gürtel zu den Weinbergen. Wien 1988
Godehard Schwarz: Döbling. Zehn historische Spaziergänge durch Wiens 19. Bezirk. Wien 2004
Martin Stangl: Richard Jordan – Sakralbauten. Diplomarbeit, Universität Wien 1999
External links
Karmelitenkloster Döbling
Buildings and structures in Döbling
Roman Catholic churches in Vienna
Carmelite churches
Art Nouveau architecture in Vienna
Art Deco architecture
Art Nouveau church buildings in Austria
Roman Catholic churches completed in 1901
20th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Austria
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23580420
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N.%20D.%20N.%20P.%20Jayasinghe
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N. D. N. P. Jayasinghe
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N. D. N. P. Jayasinghe or Nimal Premawansa Jayasinghe is a Sri Lankan politician and a former member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka.
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna politicians
Jathika Nidahas Peramuna politicians
United People's Freedom Alliance politicians
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23580421
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read%20into
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Read into
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The process of being read into a compartmented program generally entails being approved for access to particularly sensitive and restricted information about a classified program, receiving a briefing about the program, and formally acknowledging the briefing, usually by signing a non-disclosure agreement describing restrictions on the handling and use of information concerning the program. Officials with the required security clearance and a need to know may be read into a covert operation or clandestine operation they will be working on. For codeword–classified programs, an official would not be aware a program existed with that codeword until being read in, because the codewords themselves are classified.
See also
Sensitive Compartmented Information (SCI)
Special access program (SAP)
References
Espionage
Classified information
National security
United States government secrecy
Military intelligence
Intelligence gathering disciplines
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44504767
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobody%27s%20Baby%20%281937%20film%29
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Nobody's Baby (1937 film)
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Nobody's Baby is a 1937 American comedy film directed by Gus Meins and written by Harold Law, Hal Yates and Pat C. Flick. The film stars Patsy Kelly, Lyda Roberti, Lynne Overman, Robert Armstrong, Rosina Lawrence, and Don Alvarado. The film was released on April 23, 1937 by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Plot
Patsy and Lyda function essentially as a female Laurel and Hardy. After both fail to land jobs in radio, they end up rooming together. Patsy decides to become a nurse and Lyda follows; they actually fare somewhat better in these jobs. Along the way, they strike up chaste romances with a laconic detective (Overman) and a self-described hot-shot newspaperman (Armstrong). The plot finally rears its head with the arrival of an adagio dance team called Cortez and Yvonne (Alvarado and Lawrence). They're secretly married, but she leaves him in a huff after he insists on keeping it quiet—he doesn't know she's pregnant. Months later, she gives birth in the hospital where Patsy and Lyda work. They convince her to reconcile with Cortez and give him the news; she agrees, prevailing upon them to keep an eye on the baby. And then things really start to get out of hand.
Cast
Patsy Kelly as Kitty Reilly
Lyda Roberti as Lena Marchetti
Lynne Overman as Det. Lt. Emory Littleworth
Robert Armstrong as Scoops Hanford
Rosina Lawrence as Yvonne Cortez
Don Alvarado as Tony Cortez
Jimmy Grier and His Orchestra as Jimmy Grier and His Orchestra
Tom Dugan as Bus Conductor
Orrin Burke as Maurice
Dora Clement as Miss Margaret McKenzie
Laura Treadwell as Mrs. Hamilton
Ottola Nesmith as Head Nurse
Florence Roberts as Mrs. Mason
Si Wills as Nightclub MC
Herbert Rawlinson as Radio Audition Executive
Rhythm Rascals as Vocal Trio
Chill Wills as Amateur Hour Lead Quartet Singer
Don Brookins as Amateur Hour Quartet Singer
Art Green as Amateur Hour Quartet Singer
Walter Trask as Amateur Hour Quartet Singer
References
External links
1937 films
American comedy films
1937 comedy films
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films
Films directed by Gus Meins
American black-and-white films
1930s English-language films
1930s American films
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44504774
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veranilda
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Veranilda
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Veranilda: A Romance is a posthumous novel by English author George Gissing. The book was left incomplete at the time of Gissing's death (December 28, 1903) and it was first published in 1904 by Archibald Constable and Company.
Publication
As an old friend of Gissing, H.G. Wells was asked to write an introduction to Veranilda. Displeased with the piece Wells wrote, Gissing's relatives and literary executors then asked Frederic Harrison to write a substitute. Well's rejected preface was later published under the title "George Gissing: An Impression".
Other editions
Veranilda. New York: E.P. Dutton & Company, 1905.
Veranilda. London: Archibald Constable and Co., 1905.
Veranilda. London: Oxford University Press, 1929.
Veranilda. New York: AMS Press, 1968.
Veranilda. Brighton: The Harvester Press, 1987.
Notes
Further reading
Barry, William (1904). "Mr. Gissing's Last Book," The Bookman, Vol. XXVII, No. 158, p. 81.
Borg, Jacob (2001). "Gissing and Ancient Rome." In: A Garland for Gissing. Amsterdam: Rodopi, pp. 225–234.
Faries, Randolph (1923). "Novels Written by Authors Who Have Portrayed Roman Life from an Esthetic Viewpoint." In: Ancient Rome in the English Novel. Philadelphia: Lyon & Armor, pp. 112–120.
Gissing, Alfred G. (1937). "Gissing's Unfinished Romance," National Review, Vol. CVIII, pp. 82–91.
Harrison, Frederic (1911). Autobiographical Memories, Vol. II. London: Macmillan & Co.
External links
Veranilda, at Internet Archive
Veranilda, at Project Gutenberg
1904 British novels
Novels by George Gissing
British historical novels
Novels set in the 6th century
Unfinished novels
Novels published posthumously
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23580423
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilmi%20S%C3%B6zer
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Hilmi Sözer
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Hilmi Sözer (born 9 March 1970) is a Turkish-German actor.
Filmography
Television
References
External links
Official website
1965 births
Living people
Turkish emigrants to Germany
German people of Turkish descent
German male television actors
Turkish male television actors
German male film actors
Turkish male film actors
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44504818
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Callithump
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Callithump
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Callithump is a solo album by pianist Uri Caine which was released in February 2014 on the Winter & Winter label.
Reception
Writing for The Sydney Morning Herald, John Shand observed "the American prefers to remind us of the wonder of the piano being equally capable of a delicacy so diaphanous that it rivals a harp. Meanwhile its phenomenal range and harmonic and dynamic potential make it the solo instrument par excellence... This direct-to-two-track analogue recording captures all the dynamism of his solo playing. It seduces with what ABC Classic FM would call "swoon" music, dazzles with invention and bullies with 88-note cyclones". PopMatters' Will Layman stated "Callithump is both atypically normal and classic Caine... the stylistic range and sense of genre is massive, all-engulfing. And fantastic... Ultimately, you come to the end of Callithump exhilarated with the possibilities of a piano, a man, a space".
Track listing
All compositions by Uri Caine
"Callithump" - 3:35
"Sepharad" - 7:02
"Map of the Heart" - 4:30
"Greasy" - 4:25
"The Magic of Her Nearness" - 6:15
"Chanson de Johnson" - 3:27
"Bow Bridge" - 4:12
"Everything Is Bullshit" - 3:54
"Raindrop Prelude" - 5:28
"Perving Berlin" - 5:33
"Dotted Eyes" - 4:48
Personnel
Uri Caine - piano
References
2014 albums
Solo piano jazz albums
Uri Caine albums
Winter & Winter Records albums
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44504822
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobody%27s%20Baby
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Nobody's Baby
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Nobody's Baby may refer to:
Nobody's Baby (2001 film), a comedy film
Nobody's Baby (1937 film), an American comedy film
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23580438
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dayasiri%20Jayasekara
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Dayasiri Jayasekara
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J.P. Dayasiri Padma Kumara Jayasekara (born 12 June 1969) is a Sri Lankan politician who is presently serving as a Member of Parliament of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, and is the General Secretary of the Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP). Moreover, he is the District Leader of the SLFP for the Kurunegala District and Organizer for the Paduwasnuwara Electorate, which is the center of the once historic Paduwasnuwera Kingdom.
He is a Member of Parliament from the Kurunegala District of the North Western Province of Sri Lanka. Dayasiri Jayasekara is known as an advocate of progressive socio-economic policy. He was a Chief Minister of North Western Province, and a former Minister for Sport in Sri Lanka.
Personal life
Born in Paduwasnuwara, the ancient capital of the Paduwasnuwara Kingdom; (one of four Kingdoms in the Kurunegala District, the other three Kingdoms being Kurunegala, Yapahuwa and Dambadeniya) into a family of seven. His father J.P. Vinsant Jayasekara a businessman, and W.D.Siriyawathie a teacher. Dayasiri is married to Jayawanthi Panibharatha, and the couple has two children, Kaveen Jayasekara and Gihansi Jayasekara. Jayawanthi is the daughter of popular dancer Panibharatha. Jayawanthi's sister, Upuli is married to popular dancer and choreographer Channa Wijewardena.
Dayasiri was educated initially at the Hettipola Primary School from 1974 to 1979. On completion of his primary education he entered Harischandra College in Negombo and in 1980 entered Mayurapada Central College in Narammala until he completed his Advanced Level examination in 1988. At Mayurapada Central College, Dayasiri excelled in number of sporting activities such as athletics and cricket. Furthermore, he ended his schooling career as the Head Prefect.
Completion of his Advanced Level paved the pathway to enter the Law Faculty at the University of Colombo, Sri Lanka where he graduated in 1994 with the Degree in Bachelor of Laws (LLB). During his time at the University of Colombo he was an active sportsman with colors in athletics where he was placed first in discuss throwing, a classy ruggerite, winner of the inter university Kabadi team and Captain of the Law Faculty Cricket Team. Furthermore, he was active in forming a university singing band, a model and a television actor.
The law student, Dayasiri, was the founding leader of the Law Student Partnership Association in 1988. This was a decisive step during this period considering that Sri Lanka had experienced a period of absolute darkness and riots with youth unrest across the country.
On graduation he enrolled at the Colombo Law College and was sworn in as an Attorney-at-Law in 1997. Furthermore, he also completed a number of programmes in Government Financial Management in Australia and Conflict Resolution in Switzerland.
Early politics
In 1997 Dayasiri entered the mainstream of politics by contesting the local government election under the SLFP where he received the highest number of preferential votes, and entered the Paduwasnuwera Local Authority as a Local Government Member. In 1998 he was appointed as the General Secretary of the SLFP Youth Wing where he initiated the ‘Sarasamu Lanka’ programme to attract more youth to join the party. In addition to the above, Dayasiri was a Coordinating Secretary to the Ministry of Justice and International Trade from 1994 to 2000 for Prof. G.L. Peiris. In 2000 he was also appointed as the Chairman of the Mineral Sands Corporation and from 2001 to 2004 as the Chairman of Lanka Phosphate, whilst he was the Private Secretary to Prof. G.L. Peiris then Minister of Investment Promotion of Sri Lanka.
Politics
Dayasiri commenced his political journey as a member of the Sri Lanka Freedom Party. In 2001 he joined the United National Party (UNP) and was a candidate at the General Election held the same year. In 2004, he was appointed the organiser for the Katugampola electorate and received 52,457 preference votes at the General Election. In 2005, he was appointed as the organiser for Paduvasnuwara and continued to work with the residents of his electorate to uplift their living standards. In the 2010 General Election, he received 132,600 preference votes which was the highest votes received by any candidate in the Kurunegala District.
On 24 July 2013, he resigned from the UNP and joined the United People's Freedom Alliance (UPFA) to contest the Provincial Council Elections. He broke the record of former president Chandrika Kumaratunge of most votes in provincial council election in Sri Lanka and elected as the chief Minister of the province on 21 September 2013. He is the 6th chief minister of North Western Province.
Controversy
Rift with the UNP leadership
Dayasiri was a very vocal member of the UNP that was critical of the way the party was run by its leader Ranil Wickremasinghe, who he branded as a "dictator" in 2010. Along with fellow party reformist Sajith Premadasa, Dayasiri was one of the key party members of the United National Party who fought for a change in the party leadership.
In 2012, it was widely speculated in the media that Dayasiri was about to join the government. He was quick to reject these allegation as baseless and accused Ranil Wickramasinghe of pressurising him to leave the party.
As a result of his continuous criticism of the party leadership, Dayasiri was informed to be present before the party disciplinary committee.
In a hard-hitting speech made in parliament on 24 July 2013, Dayasiri was critical of the UNP and its leadership and conveyed his willingness to join the government to contest the Provincial Council elections.
As a singer
His elder brother Kithsiri Jayasekara is a well known senior artist in Sri Lankan music industry. But, Dayasiri was too much concerned towards politics than singing career. He rose to prominence with reality show Mega Star telecasted on Swarnavahini in 2010. He won runner up award, but highly praised by the judges and fans. His first solo song Sansare was released on 2012.
References
External links
Parliamentary profile
1969 births
21st-century Sri Lankan male singers
Living people
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 14th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 15th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 16th Parliament of Sri Lanka
People from Kurunegala District
Sri Lanka Freedom Party politicians
United National Party politicians
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23580441
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piyankara%20Jayaratne
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Piyankara Jayaratne
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Unnanthi Piyankara Jayaratne, MP (born September 27, 1964) is a Sri Lankan politician and a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka.
Early life and education
Born to S. D. R. Jayaratne, a former member of parliament from Chilaw and Deputy Minister of Fisheries.
Jayaratne was educated at Royal College Colombo and gained his higher education at the National Institute of Business Management.
Political career
He was the General Secretary of the Sri Lanka Freedom Party Youth Organisation and a member of the Wayamba provincial council from 1993 to 1998. He was then appointed SLFP organiser for the Puttalam Electorate in 1998- a position he holds to this day.
Jayaratne was Minister of Fisheries, Agriculture and Irrigation of the North Western Provincial Council from 1998 to 2000. He was elected to parliament in the 2000 parliamentary elections, and was appointed Deputy Minister of Youth Affairs till 2001. He was not reelected in 2004 but, upon the death of D. M. Dassanayake, was appointed MP for the Puttalam electorate in February 2008. Jayaratne was then appointed Deputy Speaker of Parliament on 8 July 2008, and held the position for three terms until 22 November 2010, through his re-election in 2010. He was then given the portfolio of the Ministry of Civil Aviation under the second Mahinda Rajapakse government. In 2015, he was deputised to the ministries of Law and Order and Southern Development and Prison Reforms, Rehabilitation, Resettlement and Hindu Religious Affairs as State Minister for Law & Order and Prison Reforms. He was then appointed State Minister for Provincial Councils and Local Government, a position he resigned from at the end of December 2016
Controversy
Jayaratne has been the subject of several investigations for corruption. In October 2015, he was summoned to appear before the Presidential Commission of Inquiry into serious acts of Fraud, Corruption and Abuse of Power in an investigation into alleged financial fraud at SriLankan Catering, the catering arm of the national carrier, SriLankan Airlines. In 2017, the Commission to Investigate Allegations of Bribery or Corruption filed charges with the Colombo Chief Magistrate Court against Jayaratne, citing abuse of power and -state funds through the unlawful appointment of his private secretary, B. Dayawansha, as an officer at the Civil Aviation Authority of Sri Lanka and providing him with a salary and benefits using state funds. He and Dayawansha were later arrested, then released on bail on 21 August 2017.
See also
List of political families in Sri Lanka
Cabinet of Sri Lanka
References
Living people
1949 births
Government ministers of Sri Lanka
Alumni of Royal College, Colombo
Members of the 11th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 14th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 15th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 16th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna politicians
Members of the North Western Provincial Council
Sri Lanka Freedom Party politicians
United People's Freedom Alliance politicians
Deputy speakers and chairmen of committees of the Parliament of Sri Lanka
Sinhalese politicians
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17337954
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Zimbabwe%20relations
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Australia–Zimbabwe relations
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Foreign relations exist between Australia and Zimbabwe. Both countries have full embassy level diplomatic relations. Australia currently maintains an embassy in Harare, and Zimbabwe maintains an embassy in Canberra.
History
Australia–Rhodesia relations
The nations of Australia and Zimbabwe both have their origins in colonies established by the British as part of their empire in the Georgian and Victorian eras. While Australia experienced significant amounts of white immigration from Europe (beginning in the 19th century), Zimbabwe was only settled by Europeans in the 1890's and the white population of Zimbabwe always remained a minority. The colony of Southern Rhodesia was granted self-governing status in 1923, but was not granted dominion status, unlike Australia or South Africa. The colony of Rhodesia eventually broke away from the British Empire in 1965, with the white-minority government of Ian Smith issuing a Unilateral Declaration of Independence as the state of Rhodesia. This new state of Rhodesia, despite gaining unofficial support from apartheid South Africa and Estado Novo Portugal (until 1974), failed to gain any international recognition and became increasingly isolated. The Australian government of Robert Menzies did not officially recognise the declaration, noting "there can be no diplomatic recognition by the Australian Government of a government so formed." Despite this, several backbench government MPs visited Rhodesia in a private capacity following the UDI (Dr Wylie Gibbs, James Killen, Ian Pettitt and Wilfrid Kent Hughes in 1967 and David Connolly in 1976).
Despite the federal government's decision to not formally recognise Smith's regime, prior to the election of the Whitlam Government in 1972 Australia was one of the few countries to provide Rhodesia with diplomatic support. This was motivated by some groups of the population being sympathetic towards white Rhodesians. The Australian Government's support included issuing several Rhodesian diplomats with Australian passports during 1967 and 1968 and tolerating the Rhodesia Information Centre, the Rhodesian Government's unofficial diplomatic mission in Australia. Australia also abstained during some votes on United Nations measures that targeted Rhodesia. The Rhodesia Information Centre and Rhodesia-Australia Association were the main organisations that advocated in support of the white Rhodesian regime in Australia, but media coverage of the Rhodesian Government was almost entirely negative.
In 1966 the Rhodesian Government established an office of the Rhodesian Information Service in Melbourne, before moving in 1967 to Sydney at 9 Myrtle Street, Crows Nest. However from 1972, following a change in government, the Australian federal Labor government of Gough Whitlam in Canberra sought to close the office. In 1973, the federal government attempted to cut post and telephone links to the Centre, but this was ruled illegal by the full bench of the High Court (Bradley v. The Commonwealth (1973) 128 CLR 557). Later in 1973, the NSW Corporate Affairs Commission attempted to cancel the registration of the Rhodesia Information Centre on the basis that its name implied official connection to the unrecognised Rhodesian government, and on 12 June 1974 the NSW Court of Appeal upheld this decision, which resulted in the office officially registering as the "Flame Lily Centre", although was still generally referred to as the Rhodesian Information Service. The office remained open despite further efforts to close it under the succeeding government of Malcolm Fraser. It was closed by the Zimbabwean Government in May 1980.
During the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting 1979, Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Fraser was instrumental in convincing the then British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher to withhold British recognition of the government of Zimbabwe-Rhodesia, prompting Britain to host the Lancaster House Agreement at which full independence and majority rule for Zimbabwe was agreed upon. At the independence celebrations in Harare in 1980, Fraser's contribution to Zimbabwean independence was firmly acknowledged.
Relations since 1980
Australia established a High Commission in Salisbury on independence in 1980, with Jeremy Hearder as the first High Commissioner and Zimbabwe established a High Commission in Canberra in 1988, with Dr. Eubert Mashaire as the first High Commissioner. Later Zimbabwean representatives included Lucas Pande Tavaya (1990–1994), and Professor Hasu Patel (1994–2000).
In October 1991, Prime Minister Bob Hawke visited Harare as part of the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting. Hawke met President Mugabe and advocated for the Zimbabwe's government approval of the Hartley platinum mine proposed by BHP. On his visit, Hawke expressed to parliament: In 2014, when being interviewed by Dr Sue Onslow of the Institute of Commonwealth Studies, Hawke later expressed his view of having met Mugabe: "I hated him. He’s one of the worst human beings I’ve ever met. He treated black and white with equal contempt. He was a horrible human being."
Relations between the two countries began to sour when the government in Zimbabwe began its controversial land reform programme, occupying farms owned by members of Zimbabwe's white minority, sometimes by force. Following evidence of violence and intimidation in the 2002 Presidential election, Australian Prime Minister John Howard, alongside South African president, Thabo Mbeki, and the Nigerian president, Olusegun Obasanjo, led efforts which resulted in Zimbabwe's suspension (and eventual voluntary departure) from the Commonwealth of Nations in 2002–2003. The fourth Zimbabwean high commissioner in Canberra, Florence Chitauro (2001–2006), became the first ambassador in 2003 following Zimbabwe's departure from the Commonwealth, and in December 2003 was summoned to the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade to explain comments she made about Howard to the effect that he was "acting like a dictator" as chair of the Commonwealth action group on Zimbabwe.
In an unusually blunt declaration in 2007, Prime Minister Howard described Robert Mugabe as a "grubby dictator". Howard also called for other African countries to put pressure on Zimbabwe to crack down on the increasingly autocratic Zimbabwean government. Sporting links between the two countries were also disrupted, with the Howard government banning the Australian cricket team from taking part in a scheduled tour of the country, citing the propaganda boost that it would provide for the Mugabe régime.
Howard's successor as Prime Minister of Australia, Kevin Rudd, was also critical of the Zimbabwean Government. Before the 2007 election, he criticised the People's Republic of China for providing "soft loans" to the Zimbabwean Government, and later offered aid to Zimbabwe only if the 2008 elections in that country were "fair". In December 2013 the Zimbabwean Ambassador to Australia since 2010, Jacqueline Zwambila, resigned and sought asylum in Australia due to fears of arrest should she return to Zimbabwe due to her links with Prime Minister Morgan Tsvangirai and the official opposition. On 22 November 2017, following Mugabe's resignation as President following a coup d'état, Foreign Minister Julie Bishop noted that Australia "welcomes the resignation of Zimbabwe’s Leader Robert Mugabe after 37 years of increasingly authoritarian and oppressive rule. His resignation provides an opportunity for Zimbabwe to establish proper conditions for free and fair elections to take place and to transition to an inclusive, peaceful constitutional democracy." With the inauguration of a new President, Emmerson Mnangagwa, the outgoing Australian Ambassador to Zimbabwe, Suzanne McCourt, met with the president and later commented to Zimbabwe state media that the meeting was a positive sign of improving relations between the two countries.
Trade
Following Zimbabwean independence, bilateral trade between the two countries grew slowly. By 2007, this trade was valued at $12 million Australian dollars annually. By far the most valuable export from Zimbabwe to Australia was unprocessed tobacco, but construction materials and passenger motor vehicles were also exported. Australian exports to Zimbabwe included machinery, toys, games, sporting goods, and pottery. Despite the variety of goods being traded, neither country was a principal trading partner of the other, with Australia being ranked 34th in terms of merchandise exported by Zimbabwe, accounting for only 0.2% of total exports.
In 2002, the Howard government in Australia imposed targeted sanctions against members of the Zimbabwean government in protest against the deteriorating political situation in Zimbabwe. The sanctions were extended and strengthened in 2007. These sanctions have included restrictions on travel to and through Australia for certain members of the Zimbabwean government, suspension of all non-humanitarian aid, and prohibitions on defence links. The Rudd government in 2008 considered further sanctions against Zimbabwe, with foreign minister Stephen Smith declaring that "I've made it clear that we are open to consider more sanctions ... We are currently giving active consideration to that issue."
Zimbabwean Australians
Greg Aplin, Member of the NSW Parliament for Albury (2003–2019). He moved to Australia from Zimbabwe in 1981, after several years as a civil servant, including as Director of the Rhodesia/Zimbabwe Information Centre in Sydney (1977–1980).
Chris Ellison, Senator for Western Australia (1993–2009) Minister for Justice (2001–2007).
Andrew Murray, Senator for Western Australia (1996–2008), migrated to Australia in 1989.
Henry Olonga, the first black player in the Zimbabwean cricket team, fled to Australia after being charged with treason in Zimbabwe, stemming from an incident where he wore a black armband in an international cricket match to protest against the "death of democracy in Zimbabwe". Olonga later met and married an Australian woman that he met in Adelaide while attending the Australian Institute of Sport's cricket programme.
Rumbidzai Tsvangirai, daughter of Zimbabwean opposition leader Morgan Tsvangirai, studied economics at Perth's Murdoch University and business/applied finance at the University of Newcastle.
Zimbabwean cricketer Eddo Brandes settled in Australia after his retirement from international cricket, where he now coaches a team in the Brisbane grade cricket competition.
Air Marshal Norman Walsh, second Commander of the Air Force of Zimbabwe, migrated to Australia after resigning in 1983.
David Pocock, national Rugby union player, migrated to Australia in 2002.
Air Vice-Marshal Harold Hawkins, Born in Toowoomba, Queensland, in 1922. Moved to Southern Rhodesia in 1946 after wartime service with the RAAF, and served as Chief of Staff of the Royal Rhodesian Air Force (1965–1968). Representative of Rhodesia in South Africa (1969–1980). Died in South Africa in 1988.
Air Marshal Archibald Wilson, Rhodesian Chief of the Air Staff (1968–1973), Rhodesian and Zimbabwean politician, migrated to Australia in 1982 and Australian citizen from 1988.
At the 2006 Australian census, 20,158 people listed themselves as having been born in Zimbabwe. Of these, ten thousand (or roughly 50%) had arrived since 2001. The 2011 Census recorded 30,252 Zimbabwe-born people in Australia, an increase of 50.1% from 2006, with the largest populations in Western Australia (9817), Queensland (8341), and New South Wales (5639).
References
External links
Australian Embassy, Zimbabwe – Also accredited to Zambia, Malawi, Democratic Republic of Congo and Republic of Congo
Zimbabwe Embassy in Australia
Zimbabwe
Bilateral relations of Zimbabwe
Australia and the Commonwealth of Nations
Zimbabwe and the Commonwealth of Nations
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23580449
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinadasa%20Kitulagoda
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Jinadasa Kitulagoda
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Jinadasa Kitulagoda is a Sri Lankan politician and a former member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka. He represent the peoples liberation front as the political party.
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Members of the 11th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 12th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna politicians
United People's Freedom Alliance politicians
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17337955
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amara%20aulica
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Amara aulica
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Amara aulica is a species of beetle of the genus Amara in the Harpalinae subfamily. It is native to Europe.
References
aulica
Beetles of Europe
Beetles described in 1797
Taxa named by Georg Wolfgang Franz Panzer
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17337958
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amara%20aurata
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Amara aurata
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Amara aurata is a species of beetle of the genus Amara in the family Carabidae.
References
aurata
Beetles described in 1828
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17337960
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amara%20aurichalcea
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Amara aurichalcea
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Amara aurichalcea is a species of beetle of the genus Amara in the family Carabidae.
aurata
Beetles described in 1824
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44504840
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abhishek%20Jain
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Abhishek Jain
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Abhishek Jain is an Indian film director and producer known for his Gujarati films Kevi Rite Jaish, Bey Yaar, and Wrong Side Raju.
Early life
Abhishek Jain was born on 3 August 1986 in Ahmedabad. He is a Marwari Jain. He received BBA degree from BK Majumdar Institute of Business Administration (BKMIBA); now part of Ahmedabad University, in 2006 and a degree in film-making from Whistling Woods in 2008.
Career
After finishing the course at Whistling Woods, he assisted Sanjay Leela Bhansali and Subhash Ghai on Guzaarish, Saawariya and Yuvvraaj.
After returning to Ahmedabad, Jain started working as a radio jockey on Radio Mirchi. Jain then met Mikhil Musale and Anish Shah during an international film festival in Ahmedabad and founded CineMan Productions in 2010. He made his debut film, Kevi Rite Jaish in Gujarati language. He was awarded Trend setter award by Gujarati Innovation Society due to the success of Kevi Rite Jaish. After the success of his debut movie, he directed Bey Yaar which was critically acclaimed and was commercially successful. In February 2016, Abhishek Jain announced that CineMan Productions will co-produce three Gujarati films with Phantom Films, out of which one will be directed by Abhishek himself. The first film released under joint banner of CineMan productions and Phantom films was Wrong Side Raju, directed by Mikhil Musale, co-founder of CineMan productions, which won National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Gujarati at the 64th National Film Awards.
In June 2015, he published Aa To Just Vaat Chhe..., a book on his experiences while making his first two urban Gujarati films.
In April 2019, he was on board to the Hindi remake of the hit Kannada film Kirik Party, but he subsequently left the film. In 2021, he directed Hindi-language comedy drama film Hum Do Hamare Do.
Filmography
Films
Assistant Director
Television
Books
Awards
See also
CineMan Productions
References
External links
Living people
Gujarati-language film directors
21st-century Indian film directors
Indian male screenwriters
Artists from Ahmedabad
1986 births
Gujarati people
Film directors from Gujarat
Film producers from Gujarat
Marwari people
Rajasthani people
Hindi-language film directors
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17337963
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amara%20avida
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Amara avida
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Amara avida is a species of beetle of the genus Amara in the family Carabidae.
References
avida
Beetles described in 1823
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17337966
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amara%20basillaris
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Amara basillaris
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Amara basillaris is a species of beetle of the genus Amara in the family Carabidae.
References
basilaris
Beetles described in 1823
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17337967
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negativity
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Negativity
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Negativity may refer to:
Negativity (quantum mechanics), a measure of quantum entanglement in quantum mechanics
Negative charge of electricity
Electronegativity, a chemical property pertaining to the ability to attract electrons
Positivity/negativity ratio, in behavioral feedback.
Negativity effect, a psychological bias
Negativity (album)
See also
Negative (disambiguation)
Negativism (disambiguation)
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44504858
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ByeFelicia
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ByeFelicia
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#ByeFelicia is the first mixtape by American R&B-pop singer Jordin Sparks. The mixtape was announced in early November 2014. #ByeFelicia is the first release of a body of work since her second album, Battlefield in 2009. The mixtape was released on November 25, 2014 as a precursor for Sparks' third album Right Here Right Now (2015), and featured snippets of new songs, including some that would feature in full on Right Here Right Now.
Background
Since 2010, Sparks was rumored to be working on her third studio album set to be released by RCA Records. After experiencing multiple delays in the release, as well as two label changes, Sparks announced on November 24 that she would be releasing a mixtape on November 25. Prior to any official announcements, Sparks label exec, Salaam Remi hosted a music showcase featuring Sparks. Sparks showcased three songs, two of which were performed live. Sparks announced this would be the first time she would play new music for people outside of the industry.
Following the showcase, Sparks announced that the first single off her upcoming effort, would be released in a two-week time frame. Sparks announcement to Lance Bass brought speculation that the single would be released on November 18, 2014. The song "How Bout Now", a remix of the same song by Drake addresses the singer's former relationship with fellow American singer Jason Derulo.
At the end of the last track "11:11 (Wish)", Sparks announces that her third studio album Right Here Right Now will be released in early 2015.
Singles
"It Ain't You" was officially released independently of the mixtape. A new version of the song debuted on Sparks' Vevo channel on December 2, 2014. This version differed from the mixtape version production as well as the inclusion of some vocal additions. The song became available digital download December 16, 2014.
Track listing
References
Jordin Sparks albums
Albums produced by DJ Mustard
2014 mixtape albums
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17337969
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scissors%20in%20the%20Sand
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Scissors in the Sand
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"Scissors in the Sand" is a single by Echo & the Bunnymen which was released on 5 June 2006 on the Cooking Vinyl label. It was the third single to be released from the band's 2005 album, Siberia.
Overview
Like their previous two singles, "Stormy Weather" and "In the Margins", and the parent album, this single was produced by Hugh Jones who had previously produced the band's 1981 album Heaven Up Here. The cover photograph was taken by Joe Dilworth. The live version of "Villiers Terrace" was taken from the band's 2005 appearance at the Reading Festival.
Reception
Reviewing the single, Room Thirteen described the song as "classic Bunnymen", that the song compared to their mid-1980s releases and scored it with 11 out of 13. Reviewing the album Siberia, The Pitt News described "Scissors in the Sand" as the album's most ambitious and strongest track, the reviewer also states that the song sees McCulloch at his most intense and also comments favourably on Sergeant's guitar solo.
The single failed to chart.
Track listings
"Scissors in the Sand" (radio edit) (Will Sergeant, Ian McCulloch) – 3:17
"In the Margins" (acoustic) (Sergeant, McCulloch) – 4:56
"Villiers Terrace" (live) (Sergeant, McCulloch, Les Pattinson, Pete de Freitas) – 5:28
Personnel
Musicians
Ian McCulloch – vocals, guitar
Will Sergeant – lead guitar
Peter Wilkinson – bass
Paul Fleming – keyboards
Simon Finley – drums
Production
Hugh Jones – producer
Joe Dilworth – photography
References
2006 singles
Echo & the Bunnymen songs
Songs written by Ian McCulloch (singer)
Songs written by Will Sergeant
Song recordings produced by Hugh Jones (producer)
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17337970
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amara%20belfragei
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Amara belfragei
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Amara belfragei is a species of beetle of the genus Amara in the family Carabidae.
belfragei
Beetles described in 1892
Taxa named by George Henry Horn
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20474531
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steamboats%20of%20the%20upper%20Columbia%20and%20Kootenay%20Rivers
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Steamboats of the upper Columbia and Kootenay Rivers
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From 1886 to 1920, steamboats ran on the upper reaches of the Columbia and Kootenay in the Rocky Mountain Trench, in western North America. The circumstances of the rivers in the area, and the construction of transcontinental railways across the trench from east to west made steamboat navigation possible.
Geographic factors
The Columbia River begins at Columbia Lake, flows north in the trench through the Columbia Valley to Windermere Lake to Golden, British Columbia. The Kootenay River flows south from the Rocky Mountains, then west into the Rocky Mountain Trench, coming within just over a mile (1.6 km) from Columbia Lake, at a point called Canal Flats, where a shipping canal was built in 1889. The Kootenay then flows south down the Rocky Mountain Trench, crosses the international border and then turns north back into Canada and into Kootenay Lake near the town of Creston.
The upper Columbia and the upper Kootenay rivers were different in character. From Columbia Lake to Golden, the Columbia river is shallow and slow, running through twisting channels and falling only in elevation from its headwaters to Golden. From Golden the river flows north to Donald, then turns sharply south at the Big Bend, where it continues south past Revelstoke then south to Arrowhead, where it widens into the Arrow Lakes. The Big Bend, in its natural state before the construction of the Revelstoke and Mica dams, included a series of rapids which made it impassable to steam navigation proceeding upriver from the Arrow Lakes.
The Kootenay River (before the construction of the Libby Dam) flowed faster than the Columbia south down through Jennings Canyon, an extremely hazardous stretch of whitewater, on the way to Jennings and Libby, Montana. Larger steamboats could operate on the upper Kootenay than on the upper Columbia. The Kootenay river flows on into Idaho, where it turns north and flows back into Canada. Near Creston the Kootenay River enters Kootenay Lake. With some difficulty, steamboats could progress up the lower Kootenay to railhead at Bonners Ferry, Idaho. Rapids and falls on the Kootenay blocked steam navigation between Bonner's Ferry and Libby.
Rail construction
Rail construction in Canada and the United States made steam navigation possible in the Rocky Mountain Trench. There were two important railheads, Golden, BC and Jennings, Montana, near Libby. At Golden, the transcontinental line of the Canadian Pacific Railway ("CPR"), which parallels the Columbia south from the bridge at Donald, turns east to follow the Kicking Horse River, surmounting the Continental Divide at Kicking Horse Pass, then running past the resort at Banff then east to Calgary. Jennings was reached by the Great Northern Railway, built across the Northern United States from Minnesota to Washington by James J. Hill. Between these railheads the Rocky Mountain Trench ran for , almost all of which was potentially accessible to steam navigation. Canal Flats was close to the midpoint, being just south of Columbia Lake, upstream from Golden.
Beginning of steam navigation
, Frank P. Armstrong assembled a steamboat from miscellaneous planks and timbers that were lying around at an old sawmill. The result was the Duchess, launched in 1886 at Golden. Two early passengers wrote that her appearance was "somewhat decrepit" and Armstrong himself later agreed that she was "a pretty crude steamboat."
In 1886 an "uprising" among the First Nations was occurring far down the Rocky Mountain Trench along the Kootenay River. A detachment of the North-West Mounted Police, under Major (later General) Samuel Benfield Steele (1848–1919), was sent to Golden with orders to proceed to the Kootenay to quell the so-called uprising. Steele decided to hire Armstrong and the Duchess to transport his troopers. This proved to be a mistake, as once the expedition's horse fodder, ammunition, officers' uniforms, and other supplies were loaded on board, Duchess capsized and sank. After this setback, Steele decided to hire the only other steam vessel on the upper Columbia, the Clive.
Clive which like Duchess was assembled from various cast-off and second-hand components, was an even worse vessel. Once Steele had loaded his trooper's equipment on Clive, that vessel sank as well. Steele and his troop ended up riding the south to Galbraith's Landing. This took about a month. When they arrived, the troopers set up a standard military encampment which later became the town of Fort Steele. By this time, the "uprising" was over.
Professionally constructed steamboats appear
Armstrong was eventually able to raise Duchess from the river bottom. He then applied the odd-shaped steamer to make enough money in 1887 to have a new sternwheeler built, also called Duchess. Armstrong hired the veteran shipbuilder Alexander Watson, of Victoria, British Columbia, to build the new steamer, which although small, was well-designed and looked like a steamboat instead of a floating old barn. Someone arranged to have handbills printed up, which on one side bore a woodcut print showing an idealized version of the new Duchess, and on the other side bore a statement showing the company's marketing strategy, which was to appeal to tourists, miners, hunters, and intending settlers, holding out the Duchess as the best means of accessing the Columbia Valley.
The handbill then praised the climate of the Columbia Valley as "WITHOUT EXCEPTION THE FINEST ON THE CONTINENT OF AMERICA" which even so was available at $1.00 per acre, payable five years. Gold mining was said to be prosperous, with the hint of more yet to be discovered, as "the country has not been explored off the beaten paths". All kinds of supplies were to be had cheaper than they could be shipped at Golden City all kinds of supplies can be obtained more cheaply than they can be brought in "by the Tourist, Settler, or Miner". Finally, the handbill advertised the important role and schedule that the new steamer Duchess would play in the development of the Columbia Valley:
Armstrong also had built a second steamer, Marion, which although smaller than the second Duchess, needed only six inches of water to run in. This was an advantage in the often shallow waters of the Columbia above Golden, where as Armstrong put it, "the river's bottom was often very close to the river's top".
Navigation improvements
The upper Columbia was choked with snags, which were sunken logs jammed in the river bottom and sticking into the river. These could be significant barriers to navigation, as shown by the 23 days it took Clive to travel the up to Windermere Lake. A significant reason for this delay were the numerous snags in the river. Snag removal was done by a specialized vessel called a "snag boat" which was equipped with a large hoist and powerful winches to pull the snags out of the river. ( Samson V at New Westminster, BC and W.T. Preston, at Anacortes, Washington, are two excellent existing examples of Pacific Northwest sternwheel snagboats.) In 1892, the Dominion government put a snag boat, the Muskrat o the upper river, which must have significantly improved river transportation.
Another barrier to navigation on the upper Columbia was the numerous sandbars that were used by spawning salmon. A clam shell dredge was employed to deepen the sandbars by digging out the river bottom. This would have had the adverse side effect of damaging the salmon spawning grounds.
Carrying the mail
Armstrong obtained a contract from the Canadian Post Office Department on May 1, 1888, to carry mail on the route from Golden to Cranbrook. Armstrong carried the mail twice a week on Duchess, or when the water was low, on Marion, up to Columbia Lake. Once at the lake, the steamer connected with a stage line, which ran the mail across Canal Flats and down the valley of the Kootenay River to Grohman, Fort Steele, and Cranbrook. The contract was renewed in the years from 1889 to 1992. When the mail could not be carried on the river, due to low or frozen water, Armstrong had mail carried overland on the Columbia Valley wagon road. The mail contracts were renewed from 1893 to 1897, with the mail running from Golden to the St. Eugene Mission in the Kootenay Valley. The mail contract provided an important subsidy for Captain Armstrong and the Upper Columbia Company.
Persons living along the upper Columbia who wished to mail lighters or have freight shipped would hail or flag down the mail steamer. The boat's captain would then nose the bow of the boat into the bank using the boat's sternwheel to keep the vessel in place. The mail would be picked up or the freight loaded, the fees collected, and the vessel would proceed. In April 1897 the Upper Columbia Company lost the mail contact, which created a situation where customers would flag down the steamer for a letter which the steamer was getting paid no money to carry.
Upper Columbia Company "postage stamps"
Reluctant to antagonize potential freight customers by refusing letters, but not wishing to interrupt company operations for free mail carriage, the company's purser, C.H. Parson, had the company print up its own postage stamps. One thousand "stamps" with the initials "U.C." (for Upper Columbia Company) and the denomination of 5 cents were printed. One thousand more "labels" with just the initials "U.C" were also printed. An ordinary letter in those days cost 3 cents to send, so the Upper Columbia Company's "stamps" were considerably more than regular postage. The idea seems to have been to discourage the use of the steamer for mail, and perhaps to make a little money on the side. The details of how stamps and labels were used are not clear, but clearly some did pass through the Canadian mails with additional official postage stamps also affixed. Genuine envelopes (called "covers") bearing the stamps or labels of the Upper Columbia Company are rare philatelic items and are sought after by stamp collectors.
Covers bearing the labels or stamps of the Upper Columbia Company attracted the attention of stamp collectors and became sought-after rarities. Faked covers have appeared, made with the objective of deceiving collectors. Knowledge of the history of the Upper Columbia Company is important to make judgment as to whether a particular cover is genuine or a fake.
The Baillie-Grohman Canal
In the early 1880s a wealthy European adventurer, William Adolf Baillie-Grohman (1851–1921), travelled to the Kootenay Region and became obsessed with developing an area far down the Kootenay River near the southern end of Kootenay Lake called Kootenay Flats, near the modern town of Creston, BC. The problem for Baillie-Grohman was that the Kootenay River kept flooding Kootenay Flats. Baillie-Grohman thought the downstream flooding could be lessened by diverting the upstream portion of the Kootenay River into the Columbia River through the Canal Flats. This would have increased the water flow through the Columbia River, particularly near Golden and Donald, where Baillie-Grohman's proposal, if it had been implemented, would have threatened to flood the newly built transcontinental railroad and other areas of the Columbia Valley.
The provincial government refused to allow the diversion. However, Baillie-Grohman was able to obtain ownership of large areas of land in the Kootenay region, provided he engaged in certain forms of economic development, including construction of a shipping canal and a lock. The lock was necessary because the Kootenay River was than the level of Columbia Lake.
The Baillie-Grohman canal was used only three times by steam-powered vessels. In 1893, Armstrong built Gwendoline at Hansen's Landing on the Kootenay River, and took the vessel through the canal north to the shipyard at Golden to complete her fitting out. In late May 1894 Armstrong returned the completed Gwendoline back to the Kootenay River, transiting the canal.
The canal remained unused until 1902, Armstrong brought North Star north from the Kootenay to the Columbia. The transit of North Star was only made possible by the destruction of the lock at the canal, thus making it unusable.
The Upper Columbia Navigation and Tramway Company
About north of Columbia Lake, the river widened again into another lake. Originally this was called Mud Lake, which may have been an indication of its depth and general condition, but later this was changed to Adela Lake. The stretch between Adela Lake and Columbia Lake was shallow and difficult to navigate even for the very shallow draft steamers that Armstrong was running on the river. Armstrong's solution to the problem was to incorporate the Upper Columbia Navigation and Tramway Company ("UCN&TC"). The company's charter required it to construct two tramways to improve transport. Armstrong served as manager and T.B.H. Cochrane as president.
The Upper Columbia Company built two horse or mule-drawn tramways, one at the start of the route running from the CPR depot at Golden Station to the point south where the Kicking Horse River ran into the Columbia. It was here that the company had located its steamboat dock.
The second tramway was located further upriver. It ran in length, from Adela Lake, BC. south to Columbia Lake. The tramways were like railways except that the cars were horsedrawn, and the carts were much smaller than rail cars. The company had steamers on Columbia Lake and the Kootenay River, but did not use the Grohman Canal, portaging traffic over Canal Flats rather than using the canal, which in fact was only used twice by steamboats during its existence.
With the tramways in place, the transportation chain from the rail depot at Golden to Jennings Montana ran as follows. Freight would be taken on the tramway to the steamboat dock at Golden, and loaded on a steamer. The steamer ran upriver to the south end of Windermere Lake. The freight would then be portaged around Mud (or Adlin) Lake, to Columbia Lake. Once at Columbia Lake, the cargo would be loaded again on a steamboat, this time the Pert and run to the south end of Columbia Lake, where it was unloaded again, portaged across Canal Flats and loaded again on another steamer on the Kootenay river, and run down to Jennings, passing through Jennings Canyon.
Steam navigation begins on the upper Kootenay River
Mining activity was increasing in the upper Kootenay valley in the early 1890s. Miners wanted access to the area and needed transport for their supplies. The ore taken out of the mountains had to be hauled out of the area. In the early 1890s there were no railroads near the area, and without transport to a smelter, the mined ore was valueless. The nearest railhead was that of the Great Northern Railway at Jennings, Montana, well over away from the major mining strikes at Kimberley and Moyie Lake. Overland transport out of the question. The ore could only be moved by marine transport on the Kootenay River. With this in mind, Walter Jones and Captain Harry S. DePuy organized the Upper Kootenay Navigation Company ("UKNC") and in the winter of 1891 to 1892, built at Jennings the small sternwheeler Annerly. With the spring breakup of the ice in 1893, DePuy and Jones were able to get Annerly upriver to Quick Ranch, about south of Fort Steele, BC. Once there, Annerly was able to embark passengers and load of ore. Returning to Jennings, Jones and DePuy were able to make enough money to hire veteran James D. Miller (1830–1907), one of the most experienced steamboat men in the Pacific Northwest, to hand Annerly for the rest of the 1893 season.
Rise of competition on the Kootenay River
Armstrong also wished to take advantage of the demand for shipping, so moving south from the Columbia to the Kootenay, he built the small sternwheeler Gwendoline at Hansen's Landing, about north of the present town of Wasa. Instead of taking the ore south to Jennings, Armstrong's plan was to move the ore north across Canal Flats and then down the Columbia to the CPR railhead at Golden. As described, Armstrong took Gwendoline through the Baillie-Grohman canal in the fall of 1893 (or rolled her across Canal Flats), fitted her out at Golden, and returned through the canal in the spring of 1894.
In March 1896, Miller shifted over to run Annerly as an associate of Armstrong's Upper Columbia Navig. & Tramway Co. In 1896, Armstrong and Miller built Ruth at Libby, Montana. Launched April 22, 1896, Ruth at 275 tons was the largest steamer yet to operate on the upper Kootenay River. Ruth, like the second Duchess, was designed and built by a professional shipwright. For Ruth the shipwright Louis Pacquet, of Portland, Oregon. Ruth made the runs downriver to Jennings and the smaller Gwendoline ran upriver with the traffic to Canal Flats and the portage tramway.
The combination of Armstrong, Miller and Wardner, and their construction of Ruth created serious competition for Jones and DePuy of UKNC with their only steamer the barely-adequate Annerly. Large sacks of ore were piling up at Hansen's Landing from the mines, and all needed transport. The competitors reached an agreement to split the traffic on the Kootenay river between them. To earn their share of the revenues from this split, DePuy and Jones built Rustler (125 tons) at Jennings 1896. Rustler reached Hansen's Landing in June 1896 on her run up from Jennings.
Another competitor was Captain Tom Powers, of Tobacco Plain, Montana who traded 15 cayuse horses for the machinery to build a small steamer near Fort Steele, which was called Fool Hen. The machinery was too large for Fool Hen and there was no room for freight. Powers used discarded wooden packing cases from Libby merchants to make his paddlewheel buckets, so that as the steamer churned down the river, the merchants' names rotated again and again as the wheel turned. Shortly after Fool Hen was finished, Powers then removed the engines and placed them in a new steamer, the Libby. This time the engines proved to be too small for the hull, and Libby was used only sporadically in 1894 and 1895.
Jennings Canyon
Once in the United States, the Kootenay river, in its natural state before the construction of the Libby Dam, flowed through Jennings Canyon to the settlement of Jennings, Montana. Jennings has almost completely disappeared as a town, but it was near Libby, Montana. Above Jennings, the Kootenay River narrowed as it ran through Jennings Canyon, which was a significant hazard to any river navigation. A particularly dangerous stretch was known as the Elbow. Jennings Canyon was described by Professor Lyman as "a strip of water, foaming-white, downhill almost as on a steep roof, hardly wider than steamboat".
No insurance agent would write a policy for steamboats and cargo transiting the Jennings Canyon. Captain Armstrong once persuaded an agent from San Francisco to consider making a quote on premiums. The agent decided to examine the route for himself, and went on board with Armstrong as the captain's boat shot through the canyon. At the end of the trip, the agent's quote for a policy was one-quarter of the value of the cargo. Faced with this quote, Armstrong decided to forego insurance.
The huge profits to be made seemed to justify the risk. Combined the two steamers could earn $2,000 in gross receipts per day, a lot of money in 1897. By comparison, the sternwheeler J.D. Farrell (1897), cost $20,000 to build in 1897. In ten days of operation then, an entire steamboat could be paid for.
There were no more than seven steamboats that ever passed through Jennings Canyon, Annerly, Gwendoline, Libby, Rustler, Ruth, J.D. Farrell, and North Star (1897). Of these only Annerly and Libby were not wrecked in the canyon. Armstrong and Miller unsuccessfully tried to get the U.S. Government to finance clearing of some of the rocks and obstructions in Jennings Canyon. Without government help, they hired crews themselves to do the work over two winters, but the results were not of much value.
Rustler was the first steamboat casualty of Jennings Canyon. In the summer of 1896, after just six weeks of operation, Rustler was caught in an eddy in the canyon swirled around and smashed into the rocks and damaged beyond repair. This left DePuy and Jones with just one vessel, the "nasty little Annerly", as historian D.M. Wilson described her. DePuy and Jones were unable to stay in business after the loss of Rustler and were forced to sell their facilities at Jennings, as well as Annerly to Armstrong, Miller and Wardner. With their principal competitors gone, Armstrong, Miller and Wardner incorporated their firm on April 5, 1897, in the state of Washington, as the International Transportation Company ("ITC") with nominal headquarters in Spokane. With salvaged machinery from Rustler, they built North Star, launching the new vessel at Jennings on May 28, 1897.
The wreck of Gwendoline and Ruth on May 7, 1897, was perhaps the most spectacular. With no insurance coverage, both Ruth and Gwendoline were running through Jennings Canyon. Ruth under Capt. Sanborn was about an hour ahead of Gwendoline, under Armstrong himself. Both steamers were heavily loaded, and a 26 car train was waiting at Jennings to receive their cargo. Ruth came to the Elbow, lost control, and came to rest blocking the main channel. Gwendoline came through at high speed, and could not avoid smashing into Ruth. No one was killed. However, Ruth was totally destroyed, Gwendoline was seriously damaged, and the cargoes on both steamers were lost. The North Star was near to being complete when the disaster occurred, and once it was launched, Armstrong was able to complete 21 round trips on the Kootenay before low water forced him to tie up on September 3, 1897.
Steam navigation ends on upper Kootenay river
In the summer of 1897 a new competitor for Armstrong, Miller and Wardell arose. With the backing of John D. Farrell, steamboat captain M.L. McCormack on August 16, 1897, incorporated the Kootenai River Transportation Company, and commenced building a new steamer, J.D. Farrell, which was launched on November 8, 1897, and completed over the coming winter. In the meantime, in January 1898, both Armstrong and Wardner sold out their shares in the International Trading Company, and went north to Alaska to participate in the Klondike Gold Rush, with Armstrong deciding to try his chances at making money as a steamboat captain on the Stikine River then being promoted as the "All-Canadian" route to the Yukon River gold fields.
J.D. Farrell, the largest steamboat ever built on either the upper Kootenay or Columbia Rivers, and sporting such frontier luxuries as bathrooms, electric lighting, and steam heat, reached Fort Steele on April 28, 1898, her first trip up the Kootenay. Built to last ten years, this fine steamer was to run for only a single season on the Kootenay. On June 8, 1898, Captain McCormack was taking J.D. Farrell south through Jennings Canyon in "hurricane" strength headwind, which blew her off course into a rock, knocking a hole in the stern. McCormack managed to get the steamer to shallow water before she sank up to the wheelhouse. Her owners were able to raise J.D. Farrell and make a few more trips that season.
By October 1898 enough rail lines were completed along the upper Kootenay to terminate steam navigation as a competitive transportation method. In particular, the completion of Crow's Nest Railway on October 6, 1898, and development of smelters in the Kootenay region, particularly at Trail, BC, near the southern end of the Arrow Lakes, allowed ore to be routed to smelters by rail, completely bypassing Jennings.
The surviving upper Kootenay boats, North Star, J.D. Farrell, and Gwendoline were laid up at Jennings. (Annerly had been dismantled by then.) J.D. Farrell and North Star were tied up for almost three years at Jennings until finding employment supporting construction of a rail line to Fernie, BC. J.D. Farrell was later dismantled, with engines and machinery being reused on another steamer. (This was the general practice.) North Star was sold back to Captain Armstrong when he returned from his Yukon adventure, and on June 4, 1902, he took her north to the Columbia River on his famous dynamite-aided transit of the decrepit Baillie-Grohman canal. With North Star gone, steamboating on the upper Kootenay ended for good.
Of the last three Kootenay boats, Gwendoline'''s fate was unique. When Armstrong and Wardner left ITC for the north, James D. Miller was in charge of the ITC boats. Striking on the idea of moving Gwendoline to the lower Kootenay River by rail, where she could be run profitably again, or at least so it was hoped. In June 1899 he had the vessel loaded on three flat cars. Disaster then struck when the vessel was shifted to fit around a trackside rock cut. The boat was moved too close to the edge, flipped off the rail cars and landed in a canyon, which the Libby Press described:
Later operations on the upper Columbia River
While Armstrong was on the Kootenay and the Klondike mining booms, a few interlopers had appeared on the upper Columbia. In 1899, H.E. Forster a wealthy politician and occasional steamboat captain, brought Selkirk by rail from Shuswap Lake to Golden, where he launched her but used her as a yacht and not, at least initially, as commercial vessel. Also, Captain Alexander Blakely bought the little sidewheeler Pert and operated her on the river. In 1899 Duchess became involved in the Stolen Church Affair, in which a dispute arose over ownership of a church in Donald, with one party packing up the entire church and moving it to Golden, and disputant party removing the bell from the church while en route to Golden on board Duchess. (The church itself was later moved to Windermere, without the bell.)
In 1902 Duchess was dismantled. In 1903 Captain Armstrong built a new steamer, Ptarmigan, using the engines from Duchess which by then were over 60 years old. In 1911, the same engines were installed in the newly built steamer Nowitka. With the construction of railroads, and economic dislocation caused by Canada's participation in the Great War, steamboat activity tapered off starting about 1915. Steamboat men from the route themselves went to war. Captain Armstrong supervised British river transport in the Middle East, on the Nile and Tigris river. Captain Blakey's son John Blakely (1889–1963), who had trained under his father and Captain Armstrong, went to Europe and was one of only six survivors when his ship was torpedoed in the English Channel.
Last steamboat runs on the upper Columbia riverNowitka made the last steamboat run on the upper Columbia in May 1920, when under Captain Armstrong she pushed a pile-driver to build a bridge at Brisco NW of Invermere, which when complete was too low to allow a steamboat to pass under it. Armstrong himself had found employment with the Dominion government on his return from the war. He was seriously injured in an accident in Nelson, BC and died in a hospital in Vancouver, BC in January 1923. His own life had spanned the entire history of steam navigation in the Rocky Mountain Trench from 1886 to 1920. In 1948, Captain John Blakely built a sternwheeler of his own, the Radium Queen, which had to be small to fit under the Brisco bridge.
Modern archaeological investigations
In April 2001, members of the Kootenay Chapter of the British Columbia Underwater Archaeological Society ("BCUAS") found two previously undocumented wrecks of vessels near the site of the Columbia River Lumber Company mill. The two hulls were buried deeply in mud. Members of the expedition believed one of the vessels was Nowitka. The expedition also located and mapped the wreck F.P. Armstrong which was within 2 km of Columbia Lake. Most of the Armstrong wreck is under 50 to 80 cm of mud. Some tongue and grove panelling, believed to have come from either the decking or the superstructure, was located downstream. The expedition used a metal detector at the site, and the findings indicated that the machinery and boiler had been removed from the hull. Downstream near the Riverside Golf Course, the expedition found a larger wreck, of which 8 meters of hull framing was exposed. The 7 meter beam of the hull was greater than any vessel ever placed on the upper Columbia except North Star. Whether this was a powered vessel or an unpowered barge could not be determined.
Lists of vessels
See also
Frank P. Armstrong
Baillie-Grohman Canal
Steamboats of the Arrow Lakes
Steamboats of the Upper Fraser River
Steamboats of the Columbia River
Notes
External links
Fort Steele Heritage Town, map and diagram page Contains period maps of East Kootenay region, including original maps and later working diagrams of the Baillie-Grohman canal.
Taming the Kootenay, Creston and District Historical and Museum Society Multi-media presentation of history of Canal Flats and the East Kootenay region
Columbia Basin Institute of Regional History
Crowsnest Railway Route
SS Moyie National Historical Site Oldest surviving sternwheeler in the Pacific Northwest and in Canada. Last surviving steernwheeler of the entire Kootaney-Arrow Lakes region.
Further reading
Kluckner, Michael, Vanishing British Columbia'', University of British Columbia Press, Vancouver BC, 2005
Lees, J.A., and Clutterbuck, W.J., B.C. 1887—A Ramble In British Columbia, Longman, Greens & Co., London 1888.
Upper Columbia
Steamboats of the Columbia River
Steamboats of the Kootenay River
Columbia Valley
Columbia and Kootenay Rivers
History of British Columbia
History of Montana
Lincoln County, Montana
Postal history of Canada
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17337981
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AM-855
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AM-855
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AM-855 (part of the AM cannabinoid series) is an analgesic drug which is a cannabinoid agonist. It is a derivative of Δ8Tetrahydrocannabinol with a conformationally restricted side chain which has been bound into a fourth ring fused to the aromatic A-ring of the cannabinoid skeleton. AM-855 is an agonist at both CB1 and CB2 with moderate selectivity for CB1, with a Ki of 22.3 nM at CB1 and 58.6 nM at CB2.
References
AM cannabinoids
Benzochromenes
Phenols
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17337982
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amara%20biarticulata
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Amara biarticulata
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Amara biarticulata is a species of beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in East Europe and further east in the Palearctic realm.
References
biarticulata
Beetles of Asia
Beetles of Europe
Beetles described in 1845
Taxa named by Victor Motschulsky
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20474542
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephan%20Thernstrom
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Stephan Thernstrom
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Stephan Thernstrom (born November 5, 1934) is an American academic and historian who is the Winthrop Research Professor of History Emeritus at Harvard University. He is a specialist in ethnic and social history and was the editor of the Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups. He and his wife Abigail Thernstrom are prominent opponents of affirmative action in education and according to the New York Times, they "lead the conservative charge against racial preference in America."
Early life and education
Thernstrom was born and raised in a working-class family in Port Huron, Michigan. His father was the son of a Swedish-born immigrant laborer and worked on the railroad. Thernstrom was raised a Christian Scientist, but was disillusioned with the faith. His family later moved to Battle Creek, Michigan. Thernstrom received his bachelor's degree from Northwestern University and his Ph.D. from Harvard University, working with Oscar Handlin.
Career
Thernstrom held faculty appointments at Harvard University, Brandeis University and the University of California, Los Angeles. He returned to Harvard with an appointment as full professor in 1973. From 1978 to 1979 Thernstrom was Pitt Professor of American History and Institutions at the University of Cambridge.
He is the author of several prize-winning books including Poverty and Progress: Social Mobility in the 19th Century and The Other Bostonians: Poverty and Progress in the American Metropolis, 1880-1970, which won the Bancroft Prize in American History and was described by The New York Times Book Review as "the best piece of quantitative history yet published." Thernstrom has served as an expert witness for the defense in more than two dozen federal cases involving claims of racial discrimination in schools. He is the co-author of a brief in "Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle," challenging the constitutionality of Seattle's racial balancing plan.
He co-authored with his wife Abigail Thernstrom No Excuses: Closing the Racial Gap in Learning, named by both the Los Angeles Times and the American School Board Journal as one of the best books of 2003 and the winner of the 2007 Fordham Prize for Distinguished Scholarship. They also co-authored America in Black and White: One Nation, Indivisible, a comprehensive history of race relations which the New York Times Book Review named as one of the notable books of 1997. Their writings have been awarded the Waldo G. Leland Prize, R.R. Hawkins Award, and the Fordham Foundation Prize, 1997 Bradley Foundation prizes for Outstanding Intellectual Achievement, and the 2004 Peter Shaw Memorial Award given by the National Association of Scholars, an organization of conservative scholars. Their work attacks affirmative action programs.
According to the New York Times, "The couple are much in demand on the conservative talk-show circuit, where they forcefully argue that racial preferences are wrong, divisive and, as a tool to help minorities, overrated. They serve on the boards of conservative and libertarian public-policy institutes."
Personal life
Thernstrom married Abigail in 1959. They have two children, Melanie Thernstrom of Palo Alto, CA, a writer, and Samuel Thernstrom.
Bibliography
Poverty and progress; social mobility in a nineteenth century city (1964) online
"Yankee City Revisited: The Perils of Historical Naïveté." American Sociological Review (1965) 30#2 : 234-242 online.
"The Case of Boston." Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society, (1967) vol. 79, pp. 109-122. online
"Notes on the historical study of social mobility." Comparative Studies in Society and History 10.2 (1968): 162-172 online.
Nineteenth-century cities; essays in the new urban history (1969) coeditor online
Poverty, planning, and politics in the new Boston: the origins of ABCD (1969) online
The other Bostonians; poverty and progress in the American metropolis, 1880-1970 (1973) online
Harvard encyclopedia of American ethnic groups editor (1980) online
A history of the American people (1984) online
"Reflections on the Shape of the River." UCLA Law Review 46 (1998): 1583+ with Abigail Thernstrom. online
Beyond the color line: new perspectives on race and ethnicity in America (2002) online
No excuses: Closing the racial gap in learning (2004), with Abigail M. Thernstrom.
America in black and white: One nation, indivisible (2009), with Abigail M. Thernstrom.
Notes
Further reading
Riess, Steven A. "The Impact of Poverty and Progress on the Generation of Historians Trained in the Late 1960s and Early 1970s." Social Science History 10.1 (1986): 23-32.
Stave, Bruce M., "A conversation with Stephan Thernstrom." Journal of Urban History 1.2 (1975): 189-215.
Thernstrom, Stephan; Ann Orlov, amd Oscar Handlin, eds. Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups. (1980) online
External links
Manhattan Institute bio of Thernstrom
listing of New York Times articles that address the views of Thernstrom
Thernstrom's Bradley Prize acceptance remarks
Official website
1934 births
Academics of the University of Cambridge
American people of Swedish descent
Brandeis University faculty
Harvard University alumni
Harvard University faculty
Living people
Manhattan Institute for Policy Research
Northwestern University alumni
People from Port Huron, Michigan
University of California, Los Angeles faculty
Bancroft Prize winners
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17337983
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100th%20Indiana%20Infantry%20Regiment
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100th Indiana Infantry Regiment
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The 100th Regiment, Indiana Volunteer Infantry, was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It was one of three Union regiments referred to as the Persimmon regiment. Organized at Fort Wayne, Indiana, and mustered in September 10, 1862, the 100th participated in major campaigns and in 25 battles. The regiment was in the Grand Review of the Armies in Washington, D.C., on May 23–24, 1865, and mustered out on June 8, 1865. It lost during its service 58 officers and enlisted men killed in action or mortally wounded, and 176 by disease for a total of 234 fatalities.
Two officers of the 100th Indiana were awarded the Medal of Honor for extraordinary heroism at the Battle of Missionary Ridge, Tennessee, on November 25, 1863: Captain Charles W. Brouse of Company K, and Major Ruel M. Johnson, then in temporary command of the regiment.
Colonels
Colonel Sanford J. Stoughton - resigned January 7, 1864.
Lieutenant Colonel Albert Heath - discharged for disability May 10, 1865.
Lieutenant Colonel Ruel M. Johnson - mustered out with regiment on June 8, 1865.
See also
List of Indiana Civil War regiments
References
Bibliography
Transcription of letter showing Colonel Stoughton
Another Transcription of letter showing Colonel Stoughton
Units and formations of the Union Army from Indiana
1862 establishments in Indiana
Military units and formations established in 1862
Military units and formations disestablished in 1865
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44504869
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl%20Langer%20%28architect%29
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Karl Langer (architect)
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Karl Langer (1903–1969) was an Austrian-born architect in Queensland, Australia. A number of his works are listed on the Queensland Heritage Register.
Early life in Austria
Karl Langer was born in Vienna in 1903, where he lived until emigrating to Australia in 1939 with his wife Gertrude. Karl studied architecture in Vienna, most notably in the Master Class run by Peter Behrens, at the Viennese Academy graduating in 1926. During this time Karl worked in the office of Josef Frank, who was to become well known in Swedish modernism, and later in the office of Schmidt and Aichinger. In 1928 he was appointed the architect in charge of Behrens Vienna office, where he designed and supervised important works such as the tobacco factory in Linz, Austria. At this time he also commenced studies in Art History at the Vienna University, graduating as a Doctor of Philosophy in 1933 with a thesis entitled "Origins and Development of Concrete Construction". In 1935 Karl established his own practice in Vienna.
In 1932 he married a fellow student Gertrude Froeschel. They graduated the following year on the same night, with Doctorates of Philosophy in Art History. In 1938 with the annexation of Austria by the Third Reich, Gertrude, who was Jewish, and Karl left Vienna and traveled via Athens to Australia.
Career in Australia
Karl and Gertrude arrived in Sydney in May 1939 proceeding to Brisbane in July so that Karl could commence work for architects Cook and Kerrison. From the time of their arrival until their deaths the Langers dedicated themselves to a great variety of civic and professional activities. Their combined efforts greatly influenced the development of the arts and design in Queensland, especially through such organisations as the Queensland Art Gallery Society, the Australian Council for the Arts and the Vacation Schools of Creative Art in which they fulfilled key roles over many years.
Karl became well known throughout Australia shortly after his arrival when his appointment to the position of Assistant Town Planner with the Brisbane City Council in 1944 resulted in a Parliamentary Enquiry. The primary cause for complaint was the appointment of an "alien refugee" over a returned soldier. The outcome of this enquiry found that Karl Langer was an individual whose talent and experience clearly distinguished him as the most suitable applicant. He was still prevented from taking up the position, as Queensland Railways, his employer, refused to release him invoking wartime manpower regulations. He remained in the service of the Queensland Railways until 1946 when he left to establish his architectural and planning practice in Brisbane. He worked throughout Australia and was the initiator of many influential urban design ideas such as the site for the Sydney Opera House and the pedestrianization of Queen Street.
Karl lectured at the University of Queensland and the Queensland Institute of Technology in design, town planning and landscape architecture. Research carried out when he first arrived in Brisbane pioneered the field of climatic design and resulted in the 1944 publication of an influential booklet called "Subtropical Housing". He was instrumental in establishing, and was the first president of the Brisbane division of the Australian Planning Institute and the Queensland Branch of the Australian Institute of Landscape Architects and was a Fellow of the Royal Australian Institute of Architects.
Later life
Karl Langer died in 1969. His funeral was held in the Chapel of St Peter's Lutheran College, Indooroopilly, which he had designed. He was cremated at the Mount Thompson Crematorium where he had constructed the East Chapel.
Karl Langer's work was featured in the Hot Modernism exhibition at the State Library of Queensland in 2014. State Library of Queensland also holds a large number of his architectural plans.
The University of Queensland Fryer Library holds 89 boxes and around 1800 of Langer's architectural plans.
Works
He was the designer of buildings, including:
the Main Roads Building at Spring Hill
St Peter's Lutheran College Chapel at Indooroopilly
his own home Langer House at St Lucia
Val Vallis' home in Twigg St, Indooroopilly
the Four Seasons Hotel
West's Furniture Showroom at Fortitude Valley (1952)
extensions to Lennons Hotel, Brisbane (1957)
and worked in the regional centres of Queensland as an architect, town planner and landscape architect, producing these works:
the assembly hall at Ipswich Girls Grammar School
St John's Lutheran Church at Bundaberg
Sugar Research Institute at Mackay
Lennons Broadbeach Hotel on the Gold Coast
Lennons Hotel, Toowoomba
He also authored a number of books, including Sub-tropical housing, published in 1944 by the University of Queensland.
See also
:Category:Karl Langer buildings
References
Attribution
External links
Langer, Karl (1940-1968), Karl Langer Architectural Plans, John Oxley Library, State Library of Queensland
Digitising the Karl Langer architectural plans, John Oxley Library blog, State Library of Queensland
20th-century Australian architects
1903 births
1969 deaths
Artists from Vienna
University of Vienna alumni
People from Brisbane
Emigrants from Austria after the Anschluss
Austrian emigrants to Australia
20th-century Austrian architects
Articles incorporating text from the Queensland Heritage Register
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17337984
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luke%20Cheevers
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Luke Cheevers
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Luke Cheevers is a traditional Irish singer from Ringsend, Dublin, now living in the north side of the city. He is a member of An Goilin Singers Club in Dublin which was founded by Tim Dennehy and Donal De Barra in 1980. Cheevers is known for his distinctive Dublin repertoire and style.
See also
Traditional Irish Singers
List of people from Dublin
References
Living people
Irish folk singers
Irish male singers
Musicians from County Dublin
1940 births
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44504909
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oktober
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Oktober
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Oktober may refer to:
Forlaget Oktober, a Norwegian publishing house;
Oktober, a character in The Quiller Memorandum;
Oktober (TV series), a British television series;
Oktober Guitars, American manufacturer of musical instruments
See also
October (disambiguation)
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17337987
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amara%20bifrons
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Amara bifrons
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Amara bifrons is a species of beetle of the genus Amara in the family Carabidae.It is native to Europe.
References
bifrons
Beetles described in 1810
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17337989
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sendaira%20Station
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Sendaira Station
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is a passenger railway station in the city of Tomioka, Gunma, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Jōshin Dentetsu.
Lines
Sendaira Station is a station on the Jōshin Line and is 29.9 kilometers from the terminus of the line at .
Station layout
The station consists of a single side platform serving traffic in both directions. There is no station building, but only a shelter on the platform. The station is unattended.
Adjacent stations
History
Sendaira Station opened on 18 August 1911.
Surrounding area
The station is located in an isolated rural area.
See also
List of railway stations in Japan
External links
Jōshin Dentetsu
Burari-Gunma
Railway stations in Gunma Prefecture
Railway stations in Japan opened in 1911
Tomioka, Gunma
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17337990
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Htawgaw
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Htawgaw
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Htawgaw is a village in Chipwi Township in Myitkyina District in the Kachin State of north-eastern Burma.
References
External links
Satellite map at Maplandia.com
Populated places in Kachin State
Chipwi Township
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44504996
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirsa%20Air%20Force%20Station
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Sirsa Air Force Station
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Sirsa Air Force Station or Sirsa AFS (ICAO: VISX) is an Indian Air Force base under Western Air Command, located at Sirsa in the state of Haryana, India.
History
1971 Indo-Pak war
In Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, Pakistan Air Force launched a pre-emptive raid on 12 airforce stations, including Sirsa station, Faridkot Stations, Halwara Air Force Station, a few railway stations, Indian armour concentrations and other targets. However, this failed to cause any significant damage except pothole damage to the runway which was quickly repaired. Dassault Mystère IV jets from Sirsa base pounded the Pakistan Army pitched against the Indian Army in the Battle of Sabuna Drain. Dassault Mystère also hit a train and destroyed 50 tanks on it between Okara and Sahiwal.
Units
It has No. 21 Squadron IAF of 45 Wing. Wing is an active air force combat formation. No. 15 Squadron IAF operating Su-30MKI is also based here.
Originally the base was home to a squadron each of MiG-23s and MiG-27s, both single-engine fighters, of No. 21 Squadron IAF.
See also
Airports Authority of India
Ambala Air Force Station
Gurugram Air Force Station
Hisar Military Station
List of Armed Forces Hospitals In India
List of highways in Haryana
List of Indian Air Force bases
Railway in Haryana
Raja Nahar Singh Faridabad Air Force Logistics Station
References
External links
Video of the Surya Kiran Aerobatics Team (SKAT) during the Air Show at Sirsa Air Force Station.
Indian Air Force bases
Airports in Haryana
Sirsa district
Airports established in 1964
1964 establishments in East Punjab
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17337994
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amara%20blanchardi
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Amara blanchardi
|
Amara blanchardi is a species of beetle of the genus Amara in the family Carabidae. It is native to North America.
References
blanchardi
Beetles described in 1908
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17337995
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amara%20bokori
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Amara bokori
|
Amara bokori is a species of beetle of the genus Amara in the family Carabidae.
References
bokori
Beetles described in 1929
Taxa named by Ernő Csíki
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23580452
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeewan%20Kumaranatunga
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Jeewan Kumaranatunga
|
Jeewan Kumaranatunga (born 7 November 1958: ), is an actor in Sri Lankan cinema, theater and television, who later became a politician, a former member of the parliament and a former cabinet minister. He is a close relative of former President Chandrika Kumaratunga and the nephew of actor and politician Vijaya Kumaratunga.
Family
He was born on 7 November 1958 in Seeduwa. His father Sydney Kumaranatunga was also a film actor who acted in Ran Onchilla. Sydney's brother, Vijaya was a renowned actor and politician. Jeewan completed his education from Carey College, Colombo. His grandfather Benjamin Ralahami also acted in several plays during the Towerhall era.
Jeewan is married to his longtime partner Sherin and they have two daughters - Malsha and Maleesha and one son, Harshamana.
Kumaranatunga's daughter, Malsha, successfully contested the Colombo district seat on the Western Provincial Council in 2014.
Cinema career
Jeevan first acted in school plays while studying at Carey College, Colombo. After joining the scouting troupe, Bermin Laili Fernando encouraged him to act in school stage. He later made many school plays and performed in bonfire scenes. His play won the first place in Sri Lanka's youth talent jamboree as well. Even after leaving school, he established the Sarasavi art circle and performed plays in the village.
Jeevan first came to the acting as a stage actor. He performed about two plays a year on the Polkota Udahadana stage of the University Art Institute established in his village in Seeduwa. After that he came to get a chance to act for Sudharshi Theatre where he got the opportunity to act in stage dramas like Devlowa Yanakam, Nāyakayā, Juliyā, and Katharagama Rūmathiya. It was during this time that he got an invitation from Ratnaweera de Silva to join the lead role in the film Thani Tharuva. But its producers protested as the shooting approached to cast me in the lead role. At that time, Sanath Gunathilaka who had acted in about five films, was cast as the main character and Jeevan was cast as the villain. There he got to play the role of a "school student".
One of Sri Lanka's best commercially successful film artists, Kumaranatunga started his cinema career alongside his uncle, Vijaya. His maiden cinema acting came through Thani Tharuwa, even though it was released in 1982. His first screened film was Ganga Addara, where he acted in a minor role as Liyana Mahaththaya. He acted in more than 90 films across many genres over the last two decades. He started the cinema through the villainous characters, acted as the main villain in many films such Jaya Sikuruyi, Obaṭa Divurā Kiyannam, Nævatha Hamuvemu, Suraduthiyō, Rūmathiyayi Neethiyayi, and Prārthanā.
He started a very successful journey through his own production, Hitha Honda Chandiya, setting huge records in the cinema. Næva Gilūnath Bǣn Chūn, Mamayi Rajā, Nommara 17, Okkoma Rajavaru, Hitha Honda Sellam, Rajadaruvō, and Come ō Gō Chicāgō reached the pinnacle of acting. His first romantic heroic role came through 1984 film Hitha Honda Kollek directed by Roy de Silva. After that he continued to receive many heroic protagonist roles. During this period, he usually acted with Anoja Weerasinghe, which made them a cinema couple for many years. Some of the most popular Jeewan-Anoja couple films include Mamai Raja, Obata Rahasak Kiyannam, Newatha Api Ekwemu, Randenigala Sinhaya, Yukthiyata Wada, Veera Udara and Esala Sanda. In 1990, he won the Sarasaviya award for the Most Popular Actor.
He acted in about ten television serials, such as Rana Kahawanu, Sudu Paraviyo, Hingana Kolla and Amarapuraya. He produced seven films as a film producer, such as Randeṇigala Sinhayā, Aesala Sanda, Mama Obē Hithavathā, Kadirā, Mē Vaārē Magē, Koṭisanā and Wali Sulanga. But later on, as he got busy with politics, film production got away from him. Ninety percent of the commercial films in which he has acted are very successful where a large number of films crossed the hundred day mark. He also got to contribute to several dramatic films such as Keḷi Maḍala, Thunveni Aehæ, and Sathyādēvi. He even won the Sarasaviya award for the best supporting actor for the role in the film Kelimandala and also received merit awards.
Politics
In 1991, he went to the Southern Provincial Council election and fulfilled a great responsibility. Then in the 1993 provincial council election, he contested from Colombo district and won first place. Later he contested the 1994 general election and ranked third from Colombo district. After that, he got to work in various ministerial positions in the parliament for 23 years. During that time, he ran for five elections and won every time.
Filmography
References
External links
ජාතික රූපවාහිනියට කළු සෙවනැල්ලක්
බර්ට්රම් ගේ අමරපුරය 3 දා සිට ජීවන් නැවතත් පුංචි තිරයට
ජීවන් කුමාරණතුංග පදනමෙන් ගැබිනි කාන්තාවන් 500 කට ත්යාග
ජීවන් යළි යළිත් රජ වෙයි
මහින්දාගමනයට කළ කැප වීම ගැන ජීවන් කුමාරතුංගගෙන් හෙළිදරව්වක්
සේරම පිස්සෝ කියලා ජනතාව තීරණය කරලා
Living people
Sri Lankan actor-politicians
Members of the 10th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 11th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 12th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 14th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Posts ministers of Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka Freedom Party politicians
United People's Freedom Alliance politicians
1958 births
Sri Lankan male film actors
Sinhalese male actors
Sports ministers of Sri Lanka
Telecommunication ministers of Sri Lanka
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23580456
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajith%20Kumara
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Ajith Kumara
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Ajith Kumara Galbokka Hewage is a Sri Lankan politician and a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka.
References
Living people
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 14th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna politicians
United People's Freedom Alliance politicians
1973 births
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17337999
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amara%20deparca
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Amara deparca
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Amara deparca is a species of beetle of the genus Amara in the family Carabidae.
References
deparca
Beetles described in 1830
Taxa named by Thomas Say
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23580457
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M.%20D.%20Namal%20Karunaratne
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M. D. Namal Karunaratne
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M. D. Namal Karunaratne is a Sri Lankan politician and former member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka.
On 8 March 2007, Karunaratne was appointed to a Select Committee of Parliament to look into the alarming increase in traffic accidents.
References
Living people
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna politicians
United People's Freedom Alliance politicians
1968 births
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17338003
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amara%20brevicollis
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Amara brevicollis
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Amara brevicollis is a species of beetle of the genus Amara in the family Carabidae.
brevicollis
Beetles described in 1850
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23580459
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/-scope
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-scope
|
English suffixes
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17338004
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Htawmshing
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Htawmshing
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Htawmshing is a village in Chipwi Township in Myitkyina District in the Kachin State of north-eastern Burma.
References
External links
Satellite map at Maplandia.com
Populated places in Kachin State
Chipwi Township
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23580463
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akila%20Viraj%20Kariyawasam
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Akila Viraj Kariyawasam
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Akila Viraj Kariyawasam is a Sri Lankan politician and a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka (,; born 23 May 1973). He served as the Minister of Education of Sri Lanka from 13 January 2015 to 21 November 2019. He is a lawyer by profession and was first elected to the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka in 2004.
Early life and career
Akila Viraj Kariyawasam is the current Secretary of the United National Party.
Kariyawasam is also the President of the Jathika Sevaka Sangamaya, the trade union of the working class of Lankans, affiliated to the United National Party.
This politician is also the current Minister of Education of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka.
He works as the deputy general secretary of the United National Party, the greatest political party which paved way to gain independence in our motherland. Also he is United National Party's spokesman. He is the President of the ‘Jathika Sewaka Sangamaya’(JSS), the single trade union which represents the majority of the working class of this country. He is the current Minister of Education of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka.
He was born as the fifth son of a family of six children. His father, Mr.William Godage Kariyawasam served as a Registrar of the state university system and later established himself as a prominent business personality and his mother is Mrs. Allen Kariyawasam who was the caring beacon to the family. His family of five out of six brothers and sisters of Graduates. Three of them are esteemed lawyers.
He is a graduate of the University of Colombo in the disciplines of Economics, Political Science and international relations. Later he pursued his secondary degree in Law at the Open University of Colombo. He is a politician and a Lawyer in profession.
He was able to grasp the true flavor of politics from the childhood since he hailed from a traditional politically affiliated family. He entered politics during his schooldays and made a significant milestone when he formed the very first chapter in Kuliyapitiya for the National Youth Front. National Youth Front was introduced under the patronage of Hon.Ranil Wickramasinghe aiming at enforcing the country's youth.
He was appointed the Chairman of the National Youth Front Kuliyapitiya chapter in the year 1995. In 1996, he was appointed the District Chairman of the National youth front in Kuliyapitiya District. Later he was appointed to the executive committee of the National youth front. He held these positions whilst he was a student of the Colombo University.
He went on to become the vice president of the National Youth Front at the National level. In 1999 he was appointed the general secretary of the National youth front.
He had entered student politics when he was a university student. He extended leadership to University Youth front. He was a forerunner at the protest against the education reforms in 1999, and later he was arrested in this connection.
At the age of 28, even without being appointed as an organizer of any electorate he contested the general elections held in 2001.
He was appointed as the organizer of the Paduwasnuwara electorate, later he went on to be elected to the parliament securing 83,114 votes at the general election held in 2004.
He faced every obstacle with so much of courage even at a crucial point where the United National Party led government was untimely dissolved by the president unleashing her executive powers. He was nominated as the education minister of the shadow cabinet appointed by the UNP which represented the opposition. He was appointed the organizer of the Kuliyapitiya electorate in the year 2005. He extended the strength of his young blood to the party and became the chairman of the National Youth Front in the year 2007. He shouldered the challenge set by his party to restructure National Youth Front at grass root level.
He had secured the second highest votes in the Kurunegala district at the general election held in 2010. He stood by what is good for the party whenever the leader ship of the party was at stake. He was committed to safeguard the leadership of the party at every difficult time mounted against the party.
He had incorporated his own ways of attracting the crowd in the political arena; he had demonstrated unmatched leadership qualities. He was a beacon of democracy, equality and justice. He had led the Kurunagala district at the 2015 January presidential election victoriously against the former Rajapaksa government.
On 12 January 2015, he was appointed as the Minister of Education in the newly formed government.
He had made use of the vast experience gathered serving as the Minister of Education in the shadow cabinet when performing the portfolio entrusted by the government.
He had contested against the former president Mahinda Rajapaksa who represented Kurunegala District in the general election held in August 2015. He was able to lead the list of UNP preferential votes in the Kurunegala district and was able to secure second highest votes in the island. His 286,155 votes only second to the preferential votes secured by the leader of the UNP, Hon. Ranil Wickramasinghe.
Again he was entrusted with the education portfolio along with more responsibilities in the areas of Archaeology and Heritage.
One of the major projects pioneered by him is ‘Nearest school is the best school’. It is focusing on uplifting the standards of schools to match the standards of schools in the popular category. Providing good infrastructure and facilities is attained through this project.
He has directed the officials to reform the education system to mold students to suite the job market at present. Also he has taken steps to make 13 years of education mandatory to every child in the country. He has guided the education reforms process to focus on the students those who do not get through GCE O/L thus introductory of technological stream to enable those students to obtain professional qualification to be able to enter the job market. Smart classroom project and the project to give a TAB to every school going child are the projects of the minister focusing on uplifting the Information Technology within the youngsters.
Minister also has launched a project to provide an insurance cover to all school going child to ensure wellbeing of the younger generation.
In order to enhance the human capital required for these projects the minister has taken steps to hold examination to recruit 852 officials to Education Administrative Service and 3901 Principals to institutions island wide. Also he had taken steps to groom them to perform better in their assigned tasks.
He had directed the official to foster good eating habits and better choice of nutritious food amongst the school children. Also he had fine tune the ministry procedures by introducing new systems to make affairs more transparent to the stake holders.
Apart from the entrusted duties on education the minister has taken up the responsibilities of Archeology and Heritage to preserve our culture to generations to come. He is proving a valuable leadership to the Archeological department, Central Cultural Fund, National archives, National Library and Documentation Services Board and Tower Hall Foundation. He had taken appropriate steps to make these institutions more efficient to achieve organizational objectives.
He has taken steps to acquire the assistance of the foreign specialists when preserving the world heritage sites such as Sigiriya, Dambulla. There are many archeological excavations, researches and experiments undertaken by the respective institutions under the guidance of him.
He has extended his fullest support to uplift the tourism industry by enhancing facilities provided to visitors at heritage sites under his command.
He has guided the officials to introduce novel technological enhancements such as online ticketing systems to ease the burden of making reservations and entry.
References
Living people
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 14th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Members of the 15th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Sri Lankan Buddhists
United National Party politicians
1973 births
Education ministers of Sri Lanka
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17338005
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amara%20browni
|
Amara browni
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Amara browni is a species of beetle of the genus Amara in the family Carabidae.
References
browni
Beetles described in 1968
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23580465
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20French%20%281716%E2%80%931779%29
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Robert French (1716–1779)
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Robert French (1716–1779) was a County Galway landlord and Member of Parliament.
Robert French's family was one of The Tribes of Galway. His ancestor Patrick Béag French (died 1630) was one of the two Galwaymen who successfully petitioned James II for a town charter, awarded in 1610. Patrick's great-grandson was Patrick "Silvertongue" French, who conformed to the Established Church and was the Robert's father.
Robert French is remembered for being an improving landlord of his estates, centred on Monivea in central County Galway. He rebuilt the village into its present spacious form, taught new farming techniques to his tenants and stood for election to the Parliament of Ireland, a position impossible to aspire to had his father remained Catholic. He represented Galway County from 1753 to 1760, Carrick from 1761 to 1768 and Galway Borough from 1769 to 1776.
He married Nicolas, sister of Viscount Gosford, and had issue. He also had seven children by his mistress, Winifred Higgins.
References
A Galway Gentleman in the Age of Improvement: Robert French of Monivea, 1716-76, Denis A. Cronin, Irish Academic Press, August 1995,
Robert French of Monivea, in Galway:History and Society, 1996
1716 births
1779 deaths
Irish MPs 1727–1760
Irish MPs 1761–1768
Irish MPs 1769–1776
Members of the Parliament of Ireland (pre-1801) for County Galway constituencies
Politicians from County Galway
Members of the Parliament of Ireland (pre-1801) for County Leitrim constituencies
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44505099
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y.%20R.%20Swamy
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Y. R. Swamy
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Y. R. Swamy ( – 21 October 2002) was an Indian film director and screenwriter who worked primarily Kannada cinema. He directed over 35 films in his career, 17 of which came in films that stars Rajkumar in the lead role. He also holds the record for directing Rajkumar for the highest no. of times- seventeen.
His first film as a director came in the 1953 Telugu film, Pratigna. Since then, Swamy directed films in the Kannada language and mostly in the mythological genre and with a social connect. His popular films include Bhakta Kanakadasa (1960), Katari Veera (1966), Paropakari (1970), Sipayi Ramu (1972) and Bhale Huchcha (1972). Recognizing his contribution to Kannada cinema, he was awarded the 1990–91 Puttanna Kanagal Award.
Career
Swamy's role as Prahlada, a mythological Indian boy-saint, marked his entry into films in the early 1950s. Around the time, he worked as an assistant to his adoptive father and filmmaker H. M. Reddy, who directed films in Telugu and Tamil languages. Swamy's directorial debut came in the 1953 Telugu film Pratigna, a film that Reddy produced, starring Kanta Rao (debut as a hero) and Savitri with Rajanala debuting as a villain. Following this, he directed Vaddante Dabbu starring NTR, Peketi Sivaram, Jamuna and Sowcar Janaki and other films before entering Kannada cinema as an independent director with the 1956 film Renuka Devi. His next directorial was the 1960 film Bhakta Kanakadasa that had Rajkumar playing the lead role of Kanakadasa, a 16th-century Kannada poet. The film was a massive success during its time and is seen as a landmark film in Kannada cinema.
Alongside directing, Swamy also wrote the screenplay to films such as Swarna Gowri (1962), Katari Veera (1966) and Bhale Raja (1969), also producing the latter. He would go on to direct other films such as Sipayi Ramu (1972), Bhale Huchcha (1972), Mooruvare Vajragalu (1973), Devara Kannu (1975), Pavana Ganga (1977) and Apoorva Sangama (1984). The 1991 film Bangaradantha Maga marked his last as director.
Filmography
Pratigna (1953)
Vanjam (1953)
Vaddante Dabbu (1954)
Panam Paduthum Paadu (1954)
Renuka Mahatme (1956)
Bhakta Kanakadasa (1960)
Swarna Gowri (1962)
Jenu Goodu (1963)
Muriyada Mane (1964)
Vathsalya (1965)
Katari Veera (1966)
Sathi Sukanya (1967)
Muddu Meena (1967)
Mamathe (1968)
Atthegondu Kala Sosegondu Kala (1968)
Bhale Raja (1969)
Bhale Jodi (1970)
Devara Makkalu (1970)
Paropakari (1970)
Sipayi Ramu (1972)
Bhale Huchcha (1972)
Nanda Gokula (1972)
Bidugade (1973)
Swyamvara (1973)
Mooruvare Vajragalu (1973)
Maga Mommaga (1974)
Mane Belaku (1975)
Devara Kannu (1975)
Aparadhi (1976)
Pavana Ganga (1977)
Thayigintha Devarilla (1977)
Kudure Mukha (1978)
Muyyige Muyyi (1978)
Pakka Kalla (1979)
Atthege Thakka Sose (1979)
Savathiya Neralu (1979)
Jari Bidda Jana (1980)
Apoorva Sangama (1984)
Bangaradantha Maga (1991)
References
External links
1920s births
2002 deaths
Kannada screenwriters
Kannada film directors
Date of birth missing
20th-century Indian film directors
Tamil film directors
People from Chitradurga district
20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights
Screenwriters from Karnataka
20th-century Indian screenwriters
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44505123
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diana%20Atkinson
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Diana Atkinson
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Diana Atkinson, née Wigod is a Canadian writer, who was a shortlisted nominee for the Governor General's Award for English-language fiction at the 1995 Governor General's Awards for her novel Highways and Dancehalls.
Biography
Originally from Vancouver, British Columbia, she was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis as a child, and underwent frequent surgeries for the condition. By her teenage years, she was psychologically troubled by post-operative trauma from the surgeries, dropping out of high school and spending some time working as a stripper. Highways and Dancehalls was a roman à clef about her experience, although she resisted media attempts to sensationalize her past in the novel's promotion. At the time of the award nomination, Atkinson was completing a degree at Concordia University in Montreal.
The novel was also a shortlisted nominee for the 1995 Chapters First Novel Award. A French-language translation, titled Strip, was published in 1998.
Atkinson won a Western Magazine Award in 2000 for "Falling Slowly", an essay published in Vancouver Magazine, and was nominated for a National Magazine Award in the same year for "From the Gut", an essay published in Western Living.
References
Living people
Canadian women novelists
20th-century Canadian novelists
Canadian magazine writers
Writers from Vancouver
Jewish Canadian writers
Concordia University alumni
20th-century Canadian women writers
20th-century Canadian essayists
Canadian women essayists
Year of birth missing (living people)
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6904528
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan%20men%27s%20national%20field%20hockey%20team
|
Pakistan men's national field hockey team
|
The Pakistan national field hockey team () represents Pakistan in international field hockey. Having played its first match in 1948, it is administered by the Pakistan Hockey Federation (PHF), the governing body for hockey in Pakistan. It has been a member of the International Hockey Federation (FIH) since 1948 and was founding member of the Asian Hockey Federation (ASHF), which was formed in 1958.
Pakistan is one of the most successful national field hockey teams in the world with a record four Hockey World Cup wins (in 1971, 1978, 1982, and 1994).
Pakistan has the best overall performance in World Cup history in both proportional and absolute terms with 53 victories in 84 matches played, seven time draws, six appearances in the finals, and only 24 losses. Pakistan national team has played in all FIH World Cup editions with the only absence coming in 2014. The Green Shirts are also most successful national team in the Asian Games, with eight gold medals: 1958, 1962, 1970, 1974, 1978, 1982, 1990, and 2010, the highest number of times a country has come first, and the only Asian team to have won the prestigious Champions Trophy, with three championships: 1978, 1980 and 1994. Pakistan has won a total of 29 official international titles to professional and grassroots level selections, with three gold medals in the Olympic Games field hockey tournaments: in Rome 1960, Mexico City 1968, and Los Angeles 1984.
Field hockey is the national sport of the country. The Pakistan national team has been ranked as the #1 team in the world in both 2000 and 2001 by the FIH. Former captain Sohail Abbas holds the unconfirmed world record for the most international goals scored by a player in the history of international field hockey. Waseem Ahmad is the most-capped player for the team, having played 410 times between 1996 and 2013.
Pakistan is known for having fierce rivalry with India, having a record of playing each other in South Asian Games and Asian Games finals. They have competed against one another in twenty major tournaments finals so far, out of which Pakistan has won thirteen titles in total. Pakistan have a record of winning the first three championships of Hockey Asia Cup in 1982, 1985 and 1989 against India in row. Apart from that, Pakistan has notable competitive rivalries with Netherlands and Australia.
Pakistan's home ground is National Hockey Stadium in Lahore. The current team head coach is Siegfried Aikman and the team manager is Syed Sameer Hussain.
History
Early history (1948–1955)
Originally, the game had been brought by British servicemen to British India, and like cricket it soon became a popular sport with the local population. Following the independence of Pakistan in 1947, soon after the Pakistan Hockey Federation came into being in 1948. Prior to the partition of India, players playing for Pakistan competed for the Indian side. The Federation soon established and organized the Provincial Hockey/Sports Associations of West Punjab, East Bengal, Sindh, Balochistan, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Bahawalpur & Services Sports Board. Despite the limited resources available on 2 August 1948, Pakistan national team, led by Ali Iqtidar Shah Dara, officially went on to play their first international game against Belgium winning the game 2–1 at the 1948 London Olympics. Pakistan remained unbeaten defeating the Netherlands, Denmark and France during the group stage round and ended up placing fourth. During the group stages Pakistan defeat of Netherlands by 6–1 was the highlight for the team. Following the Olympics Pakistan went on a tour of Europe where the played Belgium, Netherlands and Italy and remained undefeated during the tour.
The next international outing of the team came after a gap of two years when Pakistan participated in an invitational competition in Spain in 1950. Pakistan were declared joined winners with Netherlands after the final ended in a draw and organizers decided to end the game rather than going for a deciding period of play, this was Pakistan's first international tournament victory. Again there was a gap of two years before Pakistan again appeared in an international event and this time it was the 1952 Olympics in Helsinki. Pakistan won the first knock-out game against France 6–0 but lost to Netherlands and Great Britain to again finish fourth at the event. Over the four years Pakistan made tours to European teams and also hosted them in their own country and in Asia Pakistan particularly made regular tours to Malaysia and Singapore with whom they played quite a few times.
Rise in Olympics and Asian honors (1956–1970)
Pakistan won their first Olympic medal in 1956 at Melbourne when they reached the final but lost to India 1–0 to earn a silver medal, first podium finish this was also Pakistan's first medal at the Olympics. Field hockey was included in the Asian Games for the first time in 1958 at Tokyo. Pakistan were drawn against Japan, South Korea, Malaysia and archrivals India. They beat Japan 5–0 in their first match, then followed two consecutive victories over South Korea (8–0) and Malaysia (6–0). In the last match Pakistan drew 0–0 with India finishing top of the table in the round-robin format and clinched its first gold medal in an international competition.
In 1960 Rome Olympics where Pakistan played against in a group with Australia, Poland and Japan, winning all the matches. Pakistan then played the quarter-final round with Germany, winning the match 2–1 and advanced to the semi-final round where they defeated Spain. Pakistan eventually won the gold medal, defeating India 1–0 with a goal by Naseer Bunda in the final round held at the Olympic Velodrome and ended India's run of six successive gold medals at the Summer Olympic Games.
In the 1962 Asian Games, Pakistan earned its second gold medal with Chaudhry Ghulam Rasool as the captain leading the team to another successive award. However, during the 1964 Tokyo Olympics the national team ended up as runners-up for the second time after losing 1–0 to India in the final as well as finishing runners-up in the 1966 Asian Games held in Bangkok, Thailand.
Pakistan won its second Olympic Games gold medal in Mexico at the 1968 Summer Olympics. It fielded what has since then often been considered the best hockey squad ever led by captain Tariq Aziz with Saeed Anwar, Khalid Mahmood, Gulraiz Akhtar and Tariq Niazi. Even though Rasool had retired, this team was still a force to be reckoned with. They won all six of their games—against Kenya, Great Britain, Malaysia, Australia, France and the Netherlands during group play, and against West Germany in the knockout round. Pakistan made the final for the fourth straight Olympics, and won the gold medal, as they had in 1960, this time by defeating Australia, 2–1 with goals from Muhammad Asad Malik and Abdul Rashid. Rashid was the top scorer for Pakistan with seven goals; Tanvir Dar finished with six goals.
The Golden Era (1970–1984)
In the group stage of the 1970 Asian Games, Pakistan was competing with tournament hosts Thailand and contenders Japan for top spot and a place in the finals. In their first match of the group, Pakistan scored thrice against Japan to clinch their first win, followed by defeating Hong Kong 10–0 to go to the top of the group. The team then draw 0–0 with Thailand and progressed to the knock-out round, where they won 5–0 over Malaysia. In the final, Pakistan faced India, winning 1–0 and sealing their third Asian Games gold medal.
In 1971, the first-ever Hockey World Cup was to be hosted by Pakistan. However, political issues would prevent that first competition from being played in Pakistan. The FIH had inadvertently scheduled the first World Cup to be played in Pakistan during the Bangladesh Liberation War. Furthermore, Pakistan and India had been at war with each other only six years earlier. When Pakistan invited India to compete in the tournament, a crisis arose. Pakistanis, led by cricketer Abdul Hafeez Kardar, protested against India's participation in the Hockey World Cup. Given the intense political climate between Pakistan and India, the FIH decided to move the tournament elsewhere. In March 1971, coincidentally in the same month Bangladesh declared independence from Pakistan, the FIH decided to move the first Hockey World Cup to the Real Club de Polo grounds in Barcelona, Spain, which was considered a neutral and peaceful European site. On 27 March 1971, in Brussels, the trophy was formally handed to FIH President Rene Frank by H.E Masood, the Pakistani Ambassador to Belgium. A total number of 10 teams qualified for the event and were broken up into two groups.
The Pakistani team was drawn in a group with hosts Spain, Australia, Japan and the Netherlands. The group was topped by Spain and Pakistan respectively, and both the teams advanced into the semi-finals. In the first semi-final of the tournament Pakistan ousted India 2–1 in a tense and closely contested game and in the second semi-final Spain played safe and defeated a spirited Kenya 1–0 to enter the finals against Pakistan. In the final Pakistan scored early but then strengthened its defense to hold out a 1–0 victory and win the first hockey World Cup, retaining its number one position in the world hockey rankings, closely followed by India and the Netherlands. Tanvir Dar finished as the top goal scorer at the tournament with eight goals.
The 1972 Munich Olympics, Pakistan lost the final to hosts West Germany losing the game 1–0 with a goal by Michael Krause and finished at fourth place, the following year, in the 1973 Hockey World Cup. The national team made a comeback in the international competition, by winning and retaining their title at the 1974 Asian Games but lost to their rivals India in the finals of the third hockey World Cup in 1975. 1976 Montreal Olympics saw the team secure their first bronze medal in the competition.
The year 1978 saw Pakistan national team win three major international tournaments: the third Hockey World Cup held at Buenos Aires, Argentina along with 1978 Asian Games and the first Champions Trophy. This was the first time a national team won three major titles in the history of international field hockey. In 1980, Pakistan Olympic Association, along with 65 countries, boycotted the 1980 Moscow Olympics because of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. This resulted in Pakistan hockey team not participating at the field hockey competition at the tournament. Pakistan hosted the 1980 and 1981 Champions Trophy tournaments, winning the title against West Germany in the final round in 1980 and finishing at fourth position a year later, held at the Hockey Club of Pakistan, Karachi. In the 1980s Pakistan won every international tournament it participated in including the 1982 World Cup in Mumbai and the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles where Pakistan won the gold medal defeating West Germany in the final. Pakistan also won the Asian Games and Asia Cup consecutively in this period.
Surface change crisis and resurgence (1986–1996)
Although hockey was being played at synthetic surfaces from the 1970s but it was only until the 1986 World Cup in London the FIH completely moved on from grass pitches to AstroTurf, synthetic turf made from plastic fibers to give a grass like look. The change of surface made the game much more fasted paced and to align the game with the new conditions the governing body vastly changed the rules of the game which focused more on strength and pace rather than stick work and technique which was the hallmark of Asian style of hockey. This negatively effected Pakistan since they couldn't replace all of the grass pitches with more expensive synthetic surfaces compared to more affluent European nations. This resulted in Pakistan performing very poorly at the World Cup in London where they won just one pool game and finished second last at 11th place. Pakistan however managed to cope up with the new changes in the game in the following years and started to regain some of its past dominance. Pakistan first finished runner-up at the 1990 World Cup at home in Lahore after losing the final to Netherlands and won a bronze medal at the 1992 Olympics in Barcelona. The most glorious highlight of the decade came in 1994 when Pakistan first won the 1994 Champions Trophy at home ground, their first title in the competition after 14 years and later in the year Pakistan won the Hockey World Cup in Sydney after winning a penalty shootout against Netherlands.
Post-Atlanta Olympics (1998–2006)
After Atlanta 1996 the first major competition was the 1998 Hockey World Cup in Utrecht Pakistan finished 5th at the tournament. The following year Pakistan won the Sultan Azlan Shah Cup for the first time in 1999. Pakistan finished fourth at the 2000 Olympics in Sydney after losing the bronze medal match to Australia, this was the last time Pakistan played for a medal at the Olympics. Pakistan finished 5th at 2002 World Cup and Kuala Lumpur and won bronze medal at the Champions Trophy the same year. At the 2002 Asian Games Pakistan finished fourth, the first time the team didn't won a medal at the competition. In 2003 Pakistan lost the Hockey Asia Cup final to India and in 2004 Pakistan had a busy schedule where they played in many tournaments in lead up to the Olympics but Pakistan finished 5th at the 2004 Athens Olympics later in December Pakistan finished third at the 2004 Champions Trophy in Lahore, the third consecutive bronze medal. In 2005 Pakistan had a highlight when they defeated Olympic champion Australia to win the 2005 Hockey RaboTrophy in Netherlands. Pakistan finished 6th the 2006 World Cup and failed even to progress from the pool stages of the 2007 Asia Cup.
Beijing Olympics and competitive decline (2008–2012)
The 2008 Beijing Olympics proved to be the worst performance of the team at the event where they finished 8th. The year 2010 started with another record worst performance at the 2010 World Cup in New Delhi where the team finished last at 12th place but later in the same year Pakistan had a major success by winning the gold medal at the 2010 Asian Games in China. In 2011 Pakistan played in many minor tournaments in lead up to the 2012 Olympics where they finished 7th. Later in the year 2012 Pakistan won bronze medal at the 2012 Champions Trophy in Melbourne after upsetting tournaments favorites like Germany. The Pakistani national team most successful tournament, in this period, was the Asian Hockey Champions Trophy winning the trophy first in 2012 against India and finishing as runners-up in the first edition of Asian Hockey Champions Trophy in 2011. During this period despite not any major team honor won the Pakistan team had world renowned individual players in world hockey in the likes of Sohail Abbas who remained top scorer at the 2002 World Cup and 2004 Olympics, he later broke the record of highest goalscorer in international hockey with a total of 348 goals and Rehan Butt who was twice voted as the Best Asian Player by Asian Hockey Federation, Shakeel Abbasi, Salman Akbar and Muhammad Saqlain.
World Cup and Olympic absentee (2013–2020)
Pakistan, after having failed to get a direct entrance for the 2014 World Cup, were handed a last chance to qualify for the event by winning the 2013 Asia Cup, but they finished third and failed to qualify for the World Cup for the first time in their history. Pakistan failed to qualify for the Olympics for the first time at Rio 2016 after failing a qualification berth at the 2014–15 FIH Hockey World League. From 2016 to 2017, Pakistan performed poorly in different competitions even featuring a record 9–1 defeat against Australia in 2017. In 2018, Roelant Oltmans of Netherlands was brought in as coach and the team showed some improvement, but still performed poorly at the 2018 World Cup, failing to win a single match. Pakistan again failed to qualify for the 2020 Olympics in Tokyo, losing the Olympic Qualifiers against Netherlands over a two-legged tie in 2019. Due to the financial crisis faced by Pakistan Hockey Federation and lack of resources, Pakistan's participation in international events dropped sharply and the team didn't play in any international match since 2019.
Present era (2021–present)
PHF announced Pakistan's participation for the 2021 Asian Champions Trophy, the team's first appearance in an international competition after a gap of two years. A 20-man squad was announced with Siegfried Aikman as head coach prior to the tournament.
Logo and stadium
The motif of the Pakistan national field hockey team has a star and crescent on a dark green field; with a vertical white stripe at the hoist, usually in green, white color, as represented in the flag of Pakistan.
Pakistan played at a number of different venues across the country, though by 1978, this had largely settled down to having National Hockey Stadium (also known as Gaddafi Hockey Stadium, named after former Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi) in Lahore as the primary venue, with Faisalabad Hockey Stadium and the Hockey Club of Pakistan used on occasions where the National Hockey Stadium was unavailable for home matches. The stadium is considered to be the biggest international field hockey stadium in the world, and holds a capacity of 45,000 spectators.
The Pakistan Hockey Federation (PHF) has its headquarters at the stadium. Pakistan has hosted many international matches and competitions such as the Hockey Asia Cup of 1982 and Champions Trophy tournament in 1978, 1980, 1981, 1983, 1984, 1986, 1988, 1992, 1994, 1998, and 2004 along with the 1990 Hockey World Cup, where Pakistan lost 3–1 to the Netherlands in the final.
Honors and recognition
Since its breakthrough in the 1948 Summer Olympics, Pakistan has won more than 20 official titles, which are detailed below:
World Cup:
Gold medal: 1971, 1978, 1982, 1994
Silver medal: 1975, 1990
Summer Olympics:
Gold medal: 1960 Rome, 1968 Mexico City, 1984 Los Angeles
Silver medal: 1956 Melbourne, 1964 Tokyo, 1972 Munich
Bronze medal: 1976 Montreal, 1992 Barcelona
Champions Trophy:
Gold medal: 1978, 1980, 1994
Silver medal: 1983, 1984, 1988, 1991, 1996, 1998, 2014
Bronze medal: 1986, 1992, 1995, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2012,
Sultan Azlan Shah Cup:
Gold medal: 1998, 2000, 2003
Silver medal: 1983, 1987, 1991, 1994, 2004, 2011
Bronze medal: 1985, 2005
Asian Champions Trophy:
Gold medal: 2012, 2013, 2018
Silver medal: 2011, 2016
Asia Cup:
Gold medal: 1982, 1985, 1989
Silver medal: 1999, 2003, 2009
Bronze medal: 1994, 2013, 2017
Asian Games:
Gold medal: 1958, 1962, 1970, 1974, 1978, 1982, 1990, 2010
Silver medal: 1966, 1986, 2014
Bronze medal: 1994, 1998, 2006
Commonwealth Games:
Silver medal: 2006
Bronze medal: 2002
South Asian Games:
Gold medal: 2006, 2010, 2016
Silver medal: 1995
Afro-Asian Games:
Silver medal: 2003
Hockey Champions Challenge:
Silver medal: 2009
Competitive record
Team performance
TBD (to be determined), DNQ (did not qualify), DNP (did not participate)
Records
As of 27 October 2019
Players in bold text are still active with Pakistan
Top goal scorers
Most-capped players
Players
Officials
Current players
Squad as of 22 Jul 2022 for 2022 Commonwealth Games, Birmingham.
Results and fixtures
2021
Asian Hockey Champions Trophy
2022
2022 Hockey Asia Cup2022 Commonwealth Games
Head-to-head record
Record last updated as of the following matches:
Pakistan vs Bangladesh at Jakarta, 2022 Hockey Asia Cup, 1 June 2022
See also
Pakistan Hockey League
India–Pakistan field hockey rivalry
References
External links
FIH profile
National team
Asian men's national field hockey teams
Field hockey
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolph%20Hofner
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Adolph Hofner
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Adolph John Hofner (June 8, 1916 – June 2, 2000) was an American Western swing bandleader and singer.
Biography
Hofner was born into a family of Czech-German origin. He grew up listening to Czech and Hawaiian music. When he was ten years old his family moved to San Antonio. He and his younger brother Emil and Simon Garcia formed the Hawaiian Serenaders and performed locally. Influenced by Milton Brown and Bob Wills, Hofner became a singer in a band that played what was later called Western swing, a combination of country music and jazz. He kept his day job as a mechanic while performing at night in clubs in San Antonio.
In the 1930s, Hofner, Emil, and fiddler Jimmie Revard started the band the Oklahoma Playboys. Hofner made his first recordings with them as singer and guitarist. He made his solo debut in 1938 when he was offered a contract with Bluebird Records. With support from Eli Oberstein, the recording manager of Bluebird, Hofner formed the western swing band Adolph Hofner and His Texans. They made their recording debut on April 5, 1938 and they played their first gig outside Leming, Texas on May 13, 1939. Meanwhile, he recorded with Tom Dickey's Show Boys. This band had a surprise hit with Floyd Tillman's melancholy honky tonk song "It Makes No Difference Now" with Adolph singing. Hofner and his Texans had their first and biggest hit in 1940 with "Maria Elena".
In 1941, Hofner signed a recording contract with Okeh. During World War II, he and his band were hired by the Burt "Foreman" Phillips chain of dance halls to perform around Los Angeles under the name Dolph Hofner and His San Antonians. Some of his hits during this period were "Alamo Rag", Cotton-Eyed Joe", and "Jessie Polka". Despite his relative success, he failed to have his contract renewed and he returned to Texas. Sponsored by Pearl Beer in 1950, he formed the Pearl Wranglers, performing at KTSA in San Antonio with a musical mix of swing, country, rockabilly, and polka. They recorded for the obscure Sarg label.
Among the Czech-American songs they recorded, many with the original Czech lyrics, are the "Happy Go Lucky Polka", "The Prune Waltz", "Julida Polka", "Green Meadow Polka", "Barbara Polka", and "Farewell to Prague" ("Kdyz Jsme Opustili Prahu"). In order to accommodate their sponsor, Pearl Beer, the Hofners recorded the original version of "Farewell to Prague", which had been known in the old country, instead of the more recent Czech-American "Shiner Beer Polka", the same song with the word "Prague" ("Prahu") changed to "Shiner". This avoided the implied reference to rival Spoetzl Brewery in Shiner, Spoetzl's being closely identified with the "Shiner Beer Polka". But the brothers could not resist inserting a joke in Czech at the end of the recording. When one of the Hofners asks the other to "give me a dark beer" ("Daj mne cervene pivo"), Spoetzl's Shiner Bock being the most well-known dark beer in Texas at that time, the other brother firmly replies, "No!" ("Ne!").
In the mid-1980s, Hofner and the Pearl Wranglers were filmed at 'The Farmer's Daughter' dance hall for the British Channel 4 series "The A to Z of C & W". Hofner's career ended in 1993 when he suffered a stroke. He died in June 2000.
Discography
Dude Ranch Dances (Columbia H-13 [4-disc 78rpm album set], 1949; Columbia HL-9017 [10"], 1950)
German Folk Dances (Imperial FD-541 [10"], 1954)
Country and Western Dance-O-Rama, No. 4 (Decca DL-5564 [10"], 1955)
Your Friend Adolph Hofner (Sarg SLPS-1803, 1973)
Western Swing – Vol. 2 (Historic Recordings) (Arhoolie/Old Timey OT-116, 1975)
Western Swing – Vol. 3 (Historic Recordings) (Arhoolie/Old Timey OT-117, 1975)
Rollin' Along (An Anthology of Western Swing) (Tishomingo Tsho-2220, 1976)
South Texas Swing (Arhoolie/Folklyric LP-5020, 1980; CD-7029, 1994)
Western Swing, Blues, Boogie and Honky Tonk – Volume 8 (The 1940's & 50's) (Arhoolie/Old Timey OT-123, 1981)
OKeh Western Swing (Epic EG-37324 [2LP], 1982; CBS Special Products CD-A-37324, 1989)
The Texas-Czech, Bohemian, & Moravian Bands (Historic Recordings 1929–1959) Arhoolie/Folklyric LP-9031, 1983; CD-7026, 1993)
Country: Nashville-Dallas-Hollywood 1927–1942 (Frémeaux & Associés FA-015 [2CD], 1994)
Western Swing: Texas 1928–1944 (Frémeaux & Associés FA-032 [2CD], 1994)
Stompin' Western Swing (Roots of Rock 'N' Roll, Volume 2) (President PLCD-552, 1996)
Hillbilly Blues 1928–1946 (Frémeaux & Associés FA-065 [2CD], 1997)
Smile & Jive: Kings of the Western Swing (Charly CDGR-182 [2CD], 1997)
Adolph Hofner and the Pearl Wranglers (Sarg CD-2-101 [2CD], 1998)
Doughboys, Playboys and Cowboys: The Golden Years of Western Swing (Proper BOX 6 [4CD], 1999)
The Sarg Records Anthology (South Texas 1954–1964) (Bear Family BCD-16296 [4CD], 1999)
Western Swing: As Good As It Gets (Disky DO-247362 [2CD], 2000)
Kings of Western Swing (Pazzazz [Germany] PAZZ-040 [2CD], 2004)
Western Swing and Country Jazz (JSP 7742 [4CD], 2005)
Stompin' Singers & Western Swingers (More from the Golden Age of Western Swing) (Proper BOX 83 [4CD], 2006)
Western Swing: 40 Bootstompers From The Golden Age (Primo [Czech Republic] 6008 [2CD], 2006)
Swing With The Music (B.A.C.M. [British Archive of Country Music] CD-D-297, 2010)
You Oughta See My Fanny Dance (Previously Unissued Western Swing 1935–1942) (Bear Family BCD-16532, 2011)
Footnotes
References
Carlin, Richard Peter. (2003) Country Music: A Biographical Dictionary, Taylor & Francis
Russell, Tony (2007) Country Music Originals: The Legends and the Lost, Oxford University Press
Russell, Tony - Pinson, Bob (2004) Country Music Records: A Discography 1921-1942, Oxford University Press
Tribe, Ivan M. (2006) Country: A Regional Exploration, Greenwood Publishing Group
Erlewine, Michael, et al (1997) All Music Guide to Country — The experts' guide to the best recordings in country music, edited by Michael Erlewine, Vladimir Bogdanov, Chris Woodstra, and Stephen Thomas Erlewine, San Francisco: Miller Freeman Books
Larkin, Colin (1998) The Encyclopedia of Popular Music, third edition, eight volumes, London: Muze; New York: Grove's Dictionaries
1916 births
2000 deaths
Western swing performers
American bandleaders
American country singer-songwriters
American male singer-songwriters
Country musicians from Texas
20th-century American singers
Singer-songwriters from Texas
20th-century American male singers
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNN%20Heroes
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CNN Heroes
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CNN Heroes: An All-Star Tribute is a television special created by CNN to honor individuals who make extraordinary contributions to humanitarian aid and make a difference in their communities. The program was started in 2007. Since 2016, the program was hosted by Anderson Cooper and Kelly Ripa. Honorees are introduced during the fall of each year and the audience is encouraged to vote online for the CNN Hero of the Year. Ten recipients are honored and each receive US$10,000. The top recipient is chosen as the CNN Hero of the Year and receives an additional US$100,000 to continue their work. During the broadcast celebrating their achievements, the honorees are introduced by celebrities who actively support their charity work. To celebrate the 10th anniversary, the 2016 edition had an additional segment where five previous Hero of the Year winners were chosen as candidates for the Superhero of the Year award, which was decided with an online poll.
Heroes
2007
The 18 CNN Heroes finalists for 2007 were (in alphabetical order):
Florence Cassassuce, La Paz, Mexico
Kayla Cornale, of Burlington, Ontario, Canada
Mathias Craig, of San Francisco
Irania Martinez Garcia, of Guantanamo, Cuba
Pablo Fajardo, of Ecuador
Rangina Hamidi, of Stone Ridge, Virginia, United States
Rick Hodes, of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Lynwood Hughes, of Rocky Mount, North Carolina, United States
Dallas Jessup, of Vancouver, Washington, United States
Peter Kithene, of Seattle, Washington, United States
Scott Loeff, of Chicago, Illinois, United States
Mark Maksimowicz, of St. Petersburg, Florida, United States
James McDowell, of Patchogue, New York, United States
Anne McGee, of Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
Josh Miller, of Santa Monica, California, United States
Rosemary Nyirumbe, of Uganda
Steve Peifer, of Kijabe, Kenya
S. Ramakrishnan, of Ayikydy, India
Julie Rems-Smario, of Oakland, California, United States
Scott Southworth, of USA
2008
The Top 10 CNN Heroes of 2008 were (in alphabetical order):
Tad Agoglia, of Long Island, New York, United States
Yohannes Gebregeorgis, of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Carolyn LeCroy, of Norfolk, Virginia, United States
Anne Mahlum, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
Liz McCartney, of St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana, United States: CNN 2008 Hero of the Year
Phymean Noun, of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
David Puckett, of Savannah, Georgia, United States
Maria Ruiz, of El Paso, Texas, United States
Marie Da Silva, of (Malawi), residing in Los Angeles, California, United States
Viola Vaughn, of Kaolack, Senegal
2009
The Top 10 CNN Heroes of 2009 were (in alphabetical order):
Jorge Munoz, of Queens, New York, United States
Jordan Thomas, of Chattanooga, Tennessee, United
Budi Soehardi, of Kupang, Indonesia
Betty Makoni, of London, United Kingdom
Doc Hendley, of Blowing Rock, North Carolina, United States
Efren Peñaflorida, of Cavite City, Philippines: 2009 CNN Hero of the Year
Derrick Tabb, of New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
Roy Foster, of Palm Beach, Florida, United States
Andrea Ivory, of West Park, Florida, United States
Brad Blauser, of Dallas, Texas, United States
2010
The top 10 CNN Heroes of 2010 (in alphabetical order):
Guadalupe Arizpe De La Vega of Juarez, Mexico
Susan Burton of California, United States
Linda Fondren of Mississippi, United States
Anuradha Koirala of Kathmandu, Nepal: 2010 CNN Hero of the year
Narayanan Krishnan of Madurai, India
Magnus MacFarlane-Barrow of Scotland, United Kingdom
Harmon Parker of Kenya, Africa
Aki Ra of Cambodia
Evans Wadongo of Kenya, Africa
Dan Wallrath of Texas, United States
Also all of the 33 Chilean Miners came on the show to be honored after the 2010 Copiapó mining accident before awards were given out to the list of heroes shown above. Kareem Taylor is the promotional voice for the commercial campaign leading up to the show.
2011
The top 10 CNN Heroes of 2011 (in alphabetical order):
Eddie Canales of Texas, United States
Taryn Davis of North Carolina, United States
Sal Dimiceli of Wisconsin, United States
Derreck Kayongo of Atlanta, United States
Diane Latiker of Chicago, United States
Robin Lim of Bali, Indonesia: 2011 CNN Hero of the year
Patrice Millet of Haiti
Bruno Serato of Anaheim, California, United States
Richard St. Denis of Mexico
Amy Stokes of South Africa
2012
The top 10 CNN Heroes of 2012 (in alphabetical order):
Pushpa Basnet of Kathmandu, Nepal: 2012 CNN Hero of the year
Wanda Butts of Ohio, United States
Mary Cortani of California, United States
Catalina Escobar of Cartagena, Colombia
Razia Jan of Afghanistan, with an organization located in Massachusetts, United States
Thulani Madondo of Kliptown, South Africa
Leo McCarthy of Montana, United States
Connie Siskowski of New Jersey, United States
Scott Strode of Colorado, United States
Malya Villard-Appolon of Kofaviv, Haiti
The 3 Young Wonders of 2012 (in alphabetical order):
Cassandra Lin
Will Lourcey
Jessica Rees
2013
The top 10 CNN Heroes of 2013 (in alphabetical order):
Dale Beatty, co-founder of Purple Heart Homes
George Bwelle
Robin Emmons
Danielle Gletow, founder of One Simple Wish
Tawanda Jones
Richard Nares
Kakenya Ntaiya
Chad Pregracke of the USA: 2013 CNN Hero of the year
Estella Pyfrom, creator of "Estalla's Brilliant Bus"
Laura Stachel
2014
The top 10 CNN Heroes of 2014 (in alphabetical order):
Arthur Bloom of the United States
Jon Burns of the United Kingdom
Pen Farthing of the United Kingdom: 2014 CNN Hero of the year
Elimelech Goldberg of the United States
Leela Hazzah of Kenya
Patricia Kelly of the United States
Annette March-Grier of the United States
Ned Norton of the United States
Juan Pablo Romero Fuentes of Guatemala
Dr. Wendy Ross of the United States
The 3 Young Wonders of 2014 (in alphabetical order):
Lily Born
Maria Keller, Read Indeed,
Joshua Williams, Joshua's Heart
2015
The top 10 CNN Heroes of 2015:
Maggie Doyne, of New Jersey, United States: 2015 CNN Hero of the year
Jim Withers, United States
Monique Pool, of Suriname
Richard Joyner, United States
Sean Gobin, United States
Bhagwati Agrawal, India
Kim Carter, United States
Rochelle Ripley, United States
Jody Farley-Berens
Daniel Ivankovich, United States
2016
The top 10 CNN Heroes of 2016:
Jeison Aristizábal of Cali, Colombia: 2016 CNN Hero of the year
Craig Dodson, United States
Sherri Franklin, United States
Brad Ludden, United States
Luma Mufleh, United States
Georgie Smith, United States
Umra Omar, Kenya
Sheldon Smith, United States
Becca Stevens, United States
Harry Swimmer, United States
Pushpa Basnet, of Kathmandu, Nepal: 10th Anniversary CNN SuperHero
2017
The top 10 CNN Heroes of 2017:
Stan Hays
Samir Lakhani
Jennifer Maddox
Rosie Mashale
Andrew Manzi
Leslie Morissette
Mona Patel
Khali Sweeney
Aaron Valencia
Amy Wright: 2017 CNN Hero of the year
2018
The top 10 CNN Heroes of 2018:
Abisoye Ajayi-Akinfolarin
Maria Rose Belding
Amanda Boxtel
Rob Gore
Luke Mickelson
Susan Munsey
Florence Phillips
Ricardo Pun-Chong: 2018 CNN Hero of the Year
Ellen Stackable
Chris Stout
2019
The top 10 CNN Heroes of 2019 each received US$10,000. The 2019 CNN Hero of the Year received an additional US$100,000. The top 10 CNN Heroes of 2019:
Staci Alonso, Noah's Animal House (pet shelter for escaping domestic violence)
Najah Bazzy, Zaman International (helping women & children living in poverty)
Woody Faircloth, RV4CampfireFamily.org
Freweini Mebrahtu, 2019 CNN Hero of the Year, Dignity Period (helping Ethiopian girls stay in school)
Mark Meyers
Richard Miles
Roger Montoya
Mary Robinson
Afroz Shah
Zach Wigal
The 4 Young Wonders of 2019 (in alphabetical order):
Jemima Browning, Tadcaster Stingrays
Grace Callwood, We Cancerve Movement
Bradley Ferguson, Post Crashers
Jahkil Jackson, Project I Am
2020
The 14th Annual CNN Heroes: An All-Star Tribute focused solely on inspirational heroes from the biggest stories of the year -- the fight against coronavirus and the battle for racial equity and social justice. Frontline workers, advocates, scientists, Young Wonders and everyday people were saluted and 8 nonprofit organizations working to tackle these issues were highlighted. Each organization received $10,000 and viewers were encouraged to donate to these vetted, trusted organizations.
In lieu of the traditional Top 10 and CNN Hero of the Year, the 2020 edition saw viewers selecting the year's Most Inspirational Moments.
The nonprofit organizations highlighted included:
AdoptAClassroom.org
Bring Change To Mind
Center for Disaster Philanthropy
Equal Justice Initiative
IssueVoter
Make-A-Wish America
Water.org
World Central Kitchen
The 3 Young Wonders of 2020 (in alphabetical order):
Cavanaugh Bell, Cool & Dope
Tiana Day, Youth Advocates for Change
TJ Kim, Operation SOS
2021
The 15th Annual CNN Heroes All-Star Tribute returned to the long-running shows' traditional format honoring the Top 10 CNN Heroes of 2021 with viewers voting online for the CNN Hero of the Year. Shirley Raines was selected as the 2021 CNN Hero of the Year.
Honorees included:
Jennifer Colpas, Colombia - Tierra Grata
Lynda Doughty, United States - Marine Mammals of Maine
David Flink, United States - Eye To Eye
Dr. Patricia Gordon, United States - Cure Cervical Cancer
Hector Guadalupe, United States - A Second U Foundation
Michele Neff Hernandez, United States - Soaring Spirits
Zannah Mustapha, Nigeria - Future Prowess Islamic Foundation
Shirley Raines, United States - Beauty 2 The Streetz
Made Janur Yasa, Indonesia - Plastic Exchange
Young Wonders recognized included:
Chelsea Phaire, United States - Chelsea's Charity
Jordan Mittler, United States - Mittler Senior Technology
Awards
In 2020, the program's director, Brett Kelly, received the inaugural Outstanding Direction News & Documentary Emmy Award for its 2019 13th Annual Show. In 2019, the program was nominated for the News & Documentary Emmy Award for Outstanding News Special for its 2018 12th Annual show.
In 2017, the program received a News & Documentary Emmy Award for Outstanding Lighting Direction and Scenic Design its 2016 10th Annual show.
In 2012, the program received a Peabody Award for its 2011 campaign and show. CNN Heroes has also been nominated for additional News & Documentary Emmy Awards and is the winner of 3 Gracies.
See also
List of awards for volunteerism and community service
References
External links
Official CNN Heroes website
CNN
American annual television specials
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6904529
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stade%20Municipal%2C%20Schifflange
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Stade Municipal, Schifflange
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Stade Municipal is a football stadium in Schifflange, in south-western Luxembourg and is currently the home stadium of FC Schifflange 95. The stadium has a capacity of 3,500.
References
World Stadiums - Luxembourg
Municipal, Schifflange
Schifflange
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17338006
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutley%20Windmill
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Nutley Windmill
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Nutley Windmill is a grade II* listed open trestle post mill at Nutley, East Sussex, England which has been restored to working order.
History
Nutley Windmill is thought to have been moved from Kilndown, Goudhurst, Kent circa 1817. The first record of a windmill at Nutley is in 1840. A timber in the mill has been dated by dendrochronology to 1738–70, and the main post is even older, dating to 1533–70. In 1870, the mill was painted white and working on four common sails. The mill was modernised in the 1880s, with the original wooden windshaft being replaced by a cast-iron one, and spring sails replacing the commons. Larger millstones were added. The mill was tarred at about this point, as shown by a photo dated 1890. She worked by wind until 1908, although latterly in poor condition. In 1928, the owner of the mill, Lady Castle Stewart, had the mill shored up with brick piers and steel joists below the body. These allowed the mill to survive until she could be restored.
Restoration started in 1968, The mill turned by wind again in 1971, and ground grain again in 1972. In 1975, Nutley Windmill was given to the Uckfield and District Preservation Society by Lady Castle Stewart.
The Windmill is featured for five seconds in the 1976 concert film The Song Remains the Same, featuring the English rock band Led Zeppelin. It is the location for the night time fantasy scene starring Led Zeppelin's bass and keyboard player John Paul Jones. A stock broke in 1984, while filming was being done for the children's TV programme Chocky's Children for Thames Television. A new one was fitted a week later with aid from Thames. The mill was damaged in the Great Storm of 1987, with over £6,000 worth of damage incurred. New rear steps were fitted to the mill in 1994/5, the work funded by a grant from British Telecom. Repairs to the trestle and head wheel in 1998 allowed the head stones to be worked for the first time since the mill stopped work. New sails were fitted to the mill in 2008.. Nutley Windmill featured on a postage stamp that was issued by the Royal Mail on 20 June 2017.
Description
Nutley Windmill is an open trestle post mill. She has two common sails and two spring sails carried on a cast iron windshaft and is winded by a tailpole. The mill drives two pairs of millstones, arranged head and tail. The wooden head wheel and tail wheel are diameter each. Both have been converted from compass arm to clasp arm construction. The body of the mill is long and wide.
Millers
The manorial records of Duddleswell show the land upon which the windmill sits was formed by a partition of a tenement in 1836 of 7 acres on the condition that no dwelling be erected.
Subsequent manorial and Census records give the names and occupations of the people living at the windmill, starting with Henry Sitford from 1836 until 1862 when he forfeited it on non-payment of the mortgage.
1836 - 1862 Henry Sitford ( then forfeit on non-payment)
1862 - 1862 William Wells ( sold to Robert Hollands)
1862 - 1867 Robert Hollands ( mortgaged to William Wells then forfeit on non-payment))
1867 - 1874 William Wells ( then sold to William Taylor)
1874 - 1906 William Taylor ( then enfranchised)
All of the above referenced from
References
External links
Visiting information
Windmill World Page on Nutley Windmill.
Uckfield & District Preservation Society's website
Further reading
Online version
Windmills in East Sussex
Museums in East Sussex
Grade II* listed buildings in East Sussex
Post mills in the United Kingdom
Grinding mills in the United Kingdom
Mill museums in England
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23580467
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdul%20Baiz%20Kamardeen
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Abdul Baiz Kamardeen
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Kamardeen Abdul Baiz (20 February 1969 – 23 May 2021) was Chairman of Urban Council Puttalam (In office 2018 to until death), a Sri Lankan former parliamentarian and cabinet deputy minister. He was a national organizer of the Sri Lanka Muslim Congress (SLMC) Party, a registered political party in Sri Lanka during M. H. M. Ashraff Leadership. Baiz was a Member of Parliament (MP) from the Puttalam Electoral District in April 2004. He was the mayor of the Puttalam Urban Council when he was met with an accident. He died on 23 May 2021 following a road accident. It is reported that the accident had taken place in the Eluwamkulama area while he was returning to his Puttalam residence after visiting a private land belonging to the mayor in the Ralmaduwa area in Wanathavilluwa.
References
Government ministers of Sri Lanka
Living people
Members of the 13th Parliament of Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka Muslim Congress politicians
Sri Lankan Moor politicians
United People's Freedom Alliance politicians
1969 births
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6904533
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambert%20I%20of%20Spoleto
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Lambert I of Spoleto
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Lambert I (died 880) was the duke and margrave (dux et marchio) of Spoleto on two occasions, first from 859 to 871 and then from 876 to his death.
Lambert was the eldest son of Guy I of Spoleto and Itta, daughter of Sico of Benevento. He married Judith, daughter of Eberhard of Friuli.
In his first year of rule, he joined Gerard, count of the Marsi; Maielpoto, gastald of Telese; and Wandelbert, gastald of Boiano, to prevent Sawdan, the Saracen emir of Bari, from reentering his city after a campaign against Capua and the Lavorno. Despite a bloody battle, he successfully entered Bari.
In April 860, Lambert joined with Hildebert, count of Camerino, in rebelling against the Emperor Louis II. Chased by an imperial army into the Marsi, from there they fled to Benevento and took refuge under Prince Adelchis. Louis surrounded the city and pardoned both Lambert and his protector in return for their loyalty. Hildebert, however, fled further to Bari.
In 866, Louis unsuccessfully besieged Landulf II, the count-bishop of Capua. He even granted Lambert the county of Capua to continue the siege. At that moment, the duchy of Spoleto had reached its greatest extent.
Lambert left the siege of Capua and went Rome after the election of Adrian II on 13 November 867. On 13 December, Lambert plundered Rome during the papal coronation ceremony. He was promptly excommunicated and, as the emperor supported Adrian's pontificate, lost the patronage of Louis. It was three years before he rebelled a second time, though. In 871, after the emperor greatly increased his power and prestige by capturing Bari, Lambert allied with Guaifer of Salerno, Sergius II of Naples, and Adelchis of Benevento and entered into open revolt against the emperor. The Saracens, however, landed new forces and attacked Salerno. Adelchis, who had imprisoned the emperor while Lambert was staying in Benevento, released his captive to lead the forces against the infidels. The free emperor immediately deposed Lambert from his imperial position and replaced him with Suppo III, a cousin of his wife Engelberga.
Louis returned to the Mezzogiorno in 873, the pope having absolved him from the oaths he had sworn to Adelchis in return for liberty. He besieged Benevento, but failed to take Lambert. After his death, he was replaced as emperor by his uncle Charles the Bald, who reappointed Lambert to his old post in Spoleto (February or June 876). He also appointed Lambert's younger brother Guy as margrave of Camerino with the job of protecting the pope. On 16 July, at Ponthion, Charles confirmed the donation of a large part of Spoletan territory to the papacy, but Lambert was still the most powerful lord in the central peninsula and a practically independent prince.
In 877, Charles died and Lambert supported Carloman of Bavaria over Charles' heir, Louis the Stammerer, for the kingship of Italy and the emperorship. Lambert himself entered Rome with the intent of making himself king, but was dissuaded by Pope John VIII. In March 878, Lambert and Adalbert I of Tuscany forced the populace to acknowledge Carloman as king. The two then besieged the pope in the Leonine City for thirty days and John fled Rome for Troyes. At Troyes, he held a synod in which he offered to crown Louis the Stammerer emperor, adopted Boso of Arles as his son, and excommunicated his Italian enemies (Lambert and Adalbert). The pope even accused Lambert of desiring the imperial crown for himself, which is probable considering the subsequent history of his dynasty.
Lambert returned his sights to Capua after this Roman episode. He died besieging that city in 880. He was succeeded by his son Guy II. His brother Guy became king and emperor, as did his nephew and namesake Lambert II. The Archbishop of Rheims Fulk the Venerable, cautioned Lambert II against following his eponymous uncle's example.
Notes
Sources
Caravale, Mario (ed). Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani: LXIII Labroca – Laterza. Rome, 2004.
9th-century dukes of Spoleto
Marquesses of Spoleto
Guideschi dynasty
People excommunicated by the Catholic Church
9th-century births
880 deaths
Year of birth unknown
9th-century Lombard people
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17338007
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amara%20brunnea
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Amara brunnea
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Amara brunnea is a species of beetle of the genus Amara in the family Carabidae.
References
brunnea
Beetles described in 1810
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