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44503550
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musi%20Triboatton
|
Musi Triboatton
|
Musi Triboatton is an annual international boat race held in South Sumatra, Indonesia since 2012. This race takes place along more than stretch on the Musi River, one of the biggest rivers in Sumatra Island, from Tanjung Raya on its upper stream in western South Sumatra to the provincial capital city of Palembang, the oldest city in Indonesia. It features three water sports: rafting, canoeing, and dragon boat racing.
Stages
There are five stages in Musi Triboatton
Stage 1 : Tanjung Raya - Tebing Tinggi ()
Stage 2 : Tebing Tinggi - Muara Kelingi ()
Stage 3 : Muara Kelingi - Sekayu ()
Stage 4 : Sekayu - Pengumbuh ()
Stage 5 : Pengumbuh - Palembang ()
References
http://www.justgoindonesia.com/musi-triboatton/
Rowing competitions in Indonesia
Sport in South Sumatra
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6903287
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sideroxylon
|
Sideroxylon
|
Sideroxylon is a genus of trees in the family Sapotaceae described as a genus by Linnaeus in 1753. They are collectively known as bully trees. The generic name is derived from the Greek words σιδηρος (sideros), meaning "iron", and ξύλον (xylon), meaning "wood."
Distribution
The genus is distributed mainly in North and South America, but also in Africa, Madagascar, southern Asia, and various oceanic islands. Some species, such as gum bully (S. lanuginosum), S. tenax, and buckthorn bully (S. lycioides), are found in subtropical areas of North America. The only South African species, the white milkwood (S. inerme), is associated with three historical sites, and these individuals were declared national monuments due to their unusual longevity.
Ecology
Several species have become rare due to logging and other forms of habitat destruction. The Tambalacoque (S. grandiflorum, syn. Calvaria major) of Mauritius was affected by the extinction of the birds which dispersed its seed; it was suggested that the species entirely depended on the dodo (Raphus cucullatus) for that purpose and nearly became a victim of coextinction, but this is not correct. Bully trees provide food for the larvae of certain Lepidoptera, such as the bumelia webworm moth (Urodus parvula) as well as several species of Coleoptera of the genus Plinthocoelium, commonly known as bumelia borers.
Species
Accepted species
Sideroxylon acunae - Cuba
Sideroxylon alachuense - Florida
Sideroxylon altamiranoi - Hidalgo, Querétaro
Sideroxylon americanum - Yucatan, West Indies
Sideroxylon anomalum - Barahona
Sideroxylon beguei - Madagascar
Sideroxylon bequaertii - Zaïre
Sideroxylon betsimisarakum - Madagascar
Sideroxylon borbonicum - Réunion
Sideroxylon boutonianum - Mauritius
Sideroxylon bullatum - Jamaica
Sideroxylon canariense - Canary Is
Sideroxylon cantoniense - SE China
Sideroxylon capiri - Mesoamerica, West Indies
Sideroxylon capuronii - Madagascar
Sideroxylon cartilagineum - Sinaloa, Jalisco, Guerrero
Sideroxylon celastrinum - Texas, Mesoamerica, Colombia, Venezuela, Cuba, Bahamas
Sideroxylon cinereum - Mauritius
Sideroxylon contrerasii - Mesoamerica
Sideroxylon cubense - West Indies
Sideroxylon discolor - Socotra
Sideroxylon dominicanum - Dominican Rep
Sideroxylon durifolium - Chiapas, Belize
Sideroxylon ekmanianum - Cuba
Sideroxylon eriocarpum - Oaxaca
Sideroxylon eucoriaceum - Veracruz, Guatemala
Sideroxylon eucuneifolium - Guatemala
Sideroxylon excavatum - Guerrero, Oaxaca
Sideroxylon fimbriatum - Socotra
Sideroxylon floribundum - Belize, Guatemala, Jamaica
Sideroxylon foetidissimum - West Indies, S Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Florida
Sideroxylon galeatum - Rodrigues
Sideroxylon gerrardianum - Madagascar
Sideroxylon grandiflorum - Mauritius
Sideroxylon hirtiantherum - Guatemala, Honduras
Sideroxylon horridum - Cuba, Cayman Is
Sideroxylon ibarrae - Baja Verapaz
Sideroxylon inerme - Africa (from Somalia to Cape Province), Aldabra, Juan de Nova I
Sideroxylon jubilla - Cuba
Sideroxylon lanuginosum – - United States (AZ to SC + KY), NE Mexico
Sideroxylon leucophyllum - Baja California, Sonora
Sideroxylon lycioides – buckthorn bully - United States (TX to DE)
Sideroxylon macrocarpum - Georgia
Sideroxylon majus Réunion
Sideroxylon marginatum - Cape Verde
Sideroxylon mascatense - from Ethiopia to Pakistan
Sideroxylon mirmulans - Madeira
Sideroxylon moaense - Cuba
Sideroxylon montanum - Jamaica
Sideroxylon nadeaudii - Tahiti
Sideroxylon nervosum - Myanmar
Sideroxylon obovatum - West Indies, Venezuela
Sideroxylon obtusifolium - from Veracruz to Paraguay
Sideroxylon occidentale - Baja California, Sonora
Sideroxylon octosepalum - Clarendon
Sideroxylon oxyacanthum - Ethiopia, Eritrea, Saudi Arabia
Sideroxylon palmeri - Mexico
Sideroxylon peninsulare - Baja California
Sideroxylon persimile - Mesoamerica, Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad
Sideroxylon picardae - Hispaniola
Sideroxylon polynesicum - Hawaii, Rapa-Iti
Sideroxylon portoricense - Mesoamerica, Greater Antilles
Sideroxylon puberulum - Mauritius
Sideroxylon reclinatum - United States (LA, MS, AL, GA, FL, SC)
Sideroxylon repens - Hispaniola
Sideroxylon retinerve - Honduras
Sideroxylon rotundifolium - Jamaica
Sideroxylon rubiginosum - Dominican Rep
Sideroxylon salicifolium - West Indies, Mesoamerica, Florida
Sideroxylon saxorum - Madagascar
Sideroxylon sessiliflorum - Mauritius
Sideroxylon socorrense - Socorro I
Sideroxylon st-johnianum - Henderson I
Sideroxylon stenospermum - Mesoamerica
Sideroxylon stevensonii - Chiapas, Belize, Guatemala
Sideroxylon tambolokoko - Madagascar
Sideroxylon tenax - United States (FL, GA, SC, NC)
Sideroxylon tepicense - Mesoamerica
Sideroxylon thornei (Cronquist) T.D.Penn. - USA (FL, GA, AL)
Sideroxylon verruculosum - Mexico
Sideroxylon wightianum - Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangdong, Vietnam
Formerly placed here
Argania spinosa (as S. spinosum )
Micropholis acutangula (as S. acutangulum )
Micropholis crassipedicellata (as S. crassipedicellatum )
Micropholis guyanensis (as S. guyanense )
Micropholis rugosa (as S. rugosum )
Olinia ventosa (as S. cymosum )
Planchonella australis (as S. australe )
Planchonella costata (as S. costatum )
Planchonella eerwah (as S. eerwah )
Pouteria elegans (as S. elegans )
Pouteria macrantha (as S. macranthum )
Pouteria sapota (as S. sapota )
Pouteria reticulata (as S. uniloculare )
Synsepalum dulcificum (as S. dulcificum'' )
References
External links
Sapotaceae genera
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44503556
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Callaway%20%28actor%29
|
Thomas Callaway (actor)
|
Thomas Callaway is an American retired actor, who last performed on screen in 1995. He was also credited as Tom Callaway. He has since become a successful interior designer in the Greater Los Angeles Area.
Education
He graduated from Lawrence University, Appleton, Wisconsin with a bachelor's degree in fine art and architecture. As an undergraduate he was active in campus theatrical productions.
Career
While still working as an actor, he opened a residential and interior design business in 1989 in California, Thomas Callaway and Associates. He created a furniture line in 1990.
Selected filmography
Falcon Crest as Dr. Otto Foster
V: The Series as Klaus
Hart to Hart (episode: "Death Set") as David Craddock
Murder, She Wrote (episode: "Murder by Twos") as Sam Bryce
Picket Fences (episode: "The Autumn of Rome") as Paulie Thigpen
Murphy Brown (episode: "Murphy Buys the Farm") as Mr. Abernathy
L.A. Law (episode: "The Gods Must Be Lawyers") as Owen Baldwin
Who's the Boss? (episode: "Your Grandmother's a Bimbo") as Jake Ashby
Cheers (episode: "Dark Imaginings") as Jack Turner
Walt Disney's Wonderful World of Color (episode: "The Absent-Minded Professor") as Prof. Donald
Two Idiots in Hollywood as T. Barry Armstrong
Young Guns as Texas Joe Grant
Punky Brewster (episode: "No No, We Won't Go") as Benjamin J. Kramer
The Alamo: Thirteen Days to Glory (TV Movie) as Col. James W. Fannin
Cowboy Joe (TV Movie) as "Cowboy Joe Cutler"
Designing Women (episode: "New Year's Daze") as Shadow
Washingtoon as Bob Forehead
WKRP in Cincinnati, ("Jennifer Falls in Love". Season 2, Episode 27, October 29, 1979) as Steel Hawthorne
M*A*S*H (episode: "Run for the Money") as Captain Sweeney
Laverne & Shirley (episode: "Watch the Fur Fly" January 19, 1982) as Harold
The Jeffersons (episodes "Laundry Is a Tough Town" parts 1 & 2) as Steve Winslow.
References
External links
Thomas Callaway Interior Design official website; accessed November 24, 2014.
Profile, hollywoodreporter.com; accessed November 24, 2014.
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Year of birth missing (living people)
Businesspeople from California
People from Greater Los Angeles
American male film actors
American male television actors
American interior designers
20th-century American male actors
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17336327
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krimson%20Creek
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Krimson Creek
|
Krimson Creek is the second studio album and third solo release overall by Boondox. It was released on May 13, 2008 on Psychopathic Records. The liner notes included with the album contained excerpts from all 15 tracks on the album, also included was a foldout poster featuring a larger, complete depiction of the cover art.
Music and lyrics
Krimson Creek is a more personal work than The Harvest, with songs inspired by events from Boondox' life, including an incident in which his uncle tried to kill him by drowning him in a swimming pool, getting into fights at his school and experiments with drugs. The final track, "Death of a Hater", was inspired by negative reactions to his music. "I’ve read things where I’ve had people say, 'I hate him. I hope he dies. I hope his kids die' [...] I pretty much wrote a song about what I would do to those people."
Reception
Allrovi wrote, "For lovers of gore-drenched rap-rock, KRIMSON CREEK will satisfy."
The album peaked at number 1 on Billboard's Top Heatseekers, number 13 on the magazine's Top Independent Albums chart, and number 113 on the Billboard 200.
Track listing
Personnel
Vocals, Lyrics
Boondox
Violent J - (5)
Insane Clown Posse - (7)
Monoxide Child - (14)
Blaze Ya Dead Homie - (14)
Jamie Madrox - (15)
Production (music by)
Boondox - (1)
Kuma - (1, 3, 6, 9, 14, 15)
Mike E. Clark - (2, 4, 8, 13)
Tino Grosse - (2, 13)
Darkeonz - (5)
Eric Davie - (7)
Violent J - (10)
Scott Sumner - (11)
Underrated - (12)
Other Production (Engineered by)
Eric Davie - (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
Dr. Punch - (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
Charts
References
External links
2008 albums
Albums produced by Joseph Bruce
Albums produced by Mike E. Clark
Boondox albums
Psychopathic Records albums
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17336355
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Black%20%28judge%29
|
Michael Black (judge)
|
Michael Eric John Black (born 22 March 1940) is a former Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia.
Background and career
Black was born in Egypt, where his father was serving as an officer in the Royal Air Force. He attended schools in Egypt, England, and Australia (Wesley College, Melbourne). He graduated with a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1963.
In 1964, Black commenced practice at the Victorian Bar. His practice included civil jury actions as well as commercial and public law cases.
Black was appointed Queen's Counsel for Victoria in 1980 and for Tasmania in 1984. As Queen's Counsel, he specialised in appellate work, including cases in constitutional, commercial and industrial law. One of the constitutional cases was the Tasmanian Dam Case in 1983, where he represented the Tasmanian Wilderness Society.
Judicial and later career
He was appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Australia on 1 January 1991. As Chief Justice, he had, as well as his judicial duties, statutory responsibility for the administration of the Court.
In 1981, he was appointed the Foundation Chairman of the Victorian Bar's Readers Course, the Bar's pioneering course of instruction for new barristers, and later served as the representative of the Victorian Bar on the Board of the Leo Cussen Institute for Continuing Legal Education. As Chief Justice, he actively supported the Federal Court's work in the field of judicial education. He was also Chair of the Advisory Committee for introduction of the Juris Doctor degree at Melbourne Law School. He retired as Chief Justice on 21 March 2010 and was succeeded by Patrick Keane.
Honours
On Australia Day, 1998, he was appointed Companion of the Order of Australia (AC) for service to the law, to the legal profession and to the judiciary.
Personal life
His interests outside the law include architecture, history, and maritime matters.
References
External links
Transcripts of Federal Court farewell sittings
Former Justices of the Federal Court of Australia
1940 births
Living people
Chief Justices of the Federal Court of Australia
Judges of the Federal Court of Australia
Queen's Counsel 1901–2000
Australian Queen's Counsel
Australian barristers
Companions of the Order of Australia
People educated at Wesley College (Victoria)
Melbourne Law School alumni
British expatriates in Australia
British emigrants to Australia
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6903309
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Ferguson%20%28clergyman%29
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John Ferguson (clergyman)
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John Ferguson (27 December 1852 – 1 March 1925) was a Scottish-born Australian Presbyterian minister.
Early life
John Ferguson was born on 27 December 1852, at Shiels, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, the third son of William Ferguson, a farmer, and his wife Elizabeth, née Mitchell. He migrated to Otago, New Zealand, with his parents in 1862.
Upon leaving school at the age of 14, he became a pupil-teacher, and also acted as laboratory assistant in the chemistry department at the University of Otago. Ferguson soon realised his desire to enter the ministry, and subsequently, the congregation of Knox Church at Dunedin, gave him a bursary to complete the full course at New College, Edinburgh.
Career
Licensed as a probationer by the Free Church presbytery of Deer at Stuartfield, Old Deer, Aberdeenshire, Ferguson returned to Otago and was ordained to the ministry on 20 May 1880. He was then sent to work with the miners at Tuapeka in the Central Otago goldfields.
Ferguson married Isabella Adie, from Old Deer, on 4 February 1881 at Dunedin. He soon became colleague and successor to A. Stobo at Invercargill, where he remained in full charge for fourteen years. In August 1894 Ferguson was inducted to St Stephen's, Phillip Street, Sydney, the largest Presbyterian congregation in Australia. His ministry in Sydney was very successful.
Ferguson took a full part in Australian religious and public life, becoming moderator-general in 1909. His inaugural address, published as The Economic Value of the Gospel, caused controversy in Melbourne and praise from trade union leaders. Labor politician William Morris (Billy) Hughes (who was to become Prime Minister in 1915), said:
As the senior Presbyterian chaplain in New South Wales, Ferguson preached on many special occasions, including the arrival of H.M.A.S. Australia and the memorial services at the end of the South African War and World War I. Ferguson's ecumenical interests led him to seek an audience with the Pope on a visit to Rome in 1914, an action that evoked much criticism in Sydney.
On 22 May 1913, following the resignation of Andrew Harper, Ferguson was appointed Senior Chaplain and Chairman of the exclusive Presbyterian Ladies' College, Sydney Council, retiring in 1923 due to ill health. Whilst in this role, he actively worked towards the planning and establishment of the Presbyterian Ladies' College, Pymble in 1916, a branch of the Presbyterian Ladies' College, Sydney. He was also the first chairman of the board of the Australian Inland Mission, a member of the Council of The Scots College and St Andrew's Theological College, and Vice-President of the Highland Society of New South Wales. He was also to become the Acting Principal of St Andrew's Theological College at the University of Sydney in 1917.
It is said that Ferguson was a "tall, dark-haired man, with a drooping moustache and a commanding presence. An attractive preacher, with a genial and informal friendliness, he seldom forgot a face or a name and few entered St Stephen's without a warm personal greeting. He was admired and respected by all the Churches."
Death
In October 1924, Ferguson collapsed in the pulpit of St. Stephen's Church and subsequently died at his home, 'Atherton', on Bayswater Road, on 1 March 1925. He was survived by his wife, three sons, including Sir John, judge of the New South Wales Industrial Commission and author of the Australian National Bibliography; Eustace, a notable pathologist and entomologist, and by two daughters. He was buried at South Head Cemetery in Sydney.
Legacy
Following Ferguson's death, a memorial hall and tablet were erected at St Stephen's Church, Sydney in his honour. Ferguson House at the Presbyterian Ladies' College, Sydney is also named after him.
Notable descendants
John Alexander Ferguson, (Sir), compiled the first Bibliography of Australia.
Eustace William Ferguson, pathologist and entomologist
See also
List of Australian Presbyterians
Notable Aberdonians
Presbyterian Church of Australia
References
1852 births
1925 deaths
Australian educators
Australian Presbyterian ministers
19th-century Ministers of the Free Church of Scotland
Clergy from Aberdeen
Scottish emigrants to colonial Australia
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20472011
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soldier%20of%20Love%20%28Lay%20Down%20Your%20Arms%29
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Soldier of Love (Lay Down Your Arms)
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"Soldier of Love (Lay Down Your Arms)," also known as "Soldiers of Love," is a 1962 song written by Buzz Cason and Tony Moon It was originally recorded by soul artist Arthur Alexander and released as a B-side of the single "Where Have You Been (All My Life)", which reached #58 in the Billboard Hot 100 in June 1962. The song was later covered by The Beatles during a 1963 session at the BBC, released on the 1994 album Live at the BBC. It was also covered by The Kaisers, Marshall Crenshaw, Pearl Jam, Little Steven, and The Derailers.
Background
Music critic Dave Marsh suggests that "Soldier of Love (Lay Down Your Arms)" may have been lost to history had the Beatles not heard it and recorded a cover version of it. He writes that the song was mostly forgotten until a bootleg of the Beatles' recording emerged in the late 1970s. Marsh describes Alexander's version of the song as having an "off-center Latin rhythm" and his vocals as having a country and western music sound. Marsh rates it as one of the top 1,001 singles of all time, praising its "inexorable rhythmic flow" and the way the lyrics and music combine to create a "metaphor in which strife among lovers becomes a cry for universal peace." Allmusic critic Richie Unterberger suggests that the mixing of love and martial metaphors is almost overdone, although the song manages to avoid sounding gimmicky. Unterberger attributes this to the song's "fine sad" minor key melody, the "dignity" of Alexander's vocal, the exchanges between Alexander and the backup singers and the "restrained" string instruments.
The Beatles version
As early as 1962, The Beatles had been playing live versions of the songs on both sides of Alexander's single, with "Where Have You Been (All My Life)" being unofficially recorded at the Star-Club in December that year. They recorded a cover of "Soldier of Love" on July 2, 1963, the day after recording the "She Loves You"/"I'll Get You" single. Unterberger rates the Beatles' performance of the song as "fabulous," calling it probably "the greatest gem" on Live at the BBC. Unterberger enumerates a number of ways in which the Beatles' recording differs from the original, such as the Beatles playing the main riff on guitar, while on Alexander's recording the riff was played on piano. The Beatles also add vocal harmonies, which Unterberger describes as "excellent," and eliminate Alexander's "somber" violins. Unterberger states that the cumulative effect of the differences is to make the Beatles' version "exuberant," compared to Alexander's sad version, claiming that it sounds "as if the Beatles expected to win over the woman as a matter of course, whereas there was a sense of desperate last-hope begging in Alexander's vocal." Critic Robert Christgau calls it one of the Beatles greatest covers. Rolling Stone critic Anthony DeCurtis uses John Lennon's "crooning" on the song as an example of why Lennon was a great rock 'n' roll singer. Author Ian MacDonald describes it as an "ideal vehicle for Lennon," who sings the lead vocal. MacDonald also suggests that three songs from the Beatles 1963 album With the Beatles—"Not a Second Time", "It Won't Be Long" and "All I've Got to Do"—were influenced by "Soldier of Love (Lay Down Your Arms)."
Marshall Crenshaw version
The song was also covered by Marshall Crenshaw on his 1982 debut album. Crenshaw had been introduced to the song by the Beatles cover and did not hear Alexander's original until he released his own rendition. He explained, "I heard the Beatles doing it first and flipped over their version. When I was with Beatlemania, friends of mine had the Beatles' BBC recordings on bootlegs; that's how I [first] heard the tune. I didn't hear Arthur Alexander's record until after my first album was out already, with my version of 'Soldier Of Love' on it. I think Arthur wins, definitely."
William Ruhlmann of AllMusic wrote, "Any record collector had to love a guy who knew enough to cover Arthur Alexander's 'Soldier of Love.
Other covers
Grady Lloyd's 1967 version, with the title "Lay Down Your Arms", was a top 10 hit in some US regions such as central Florida. It was covered by Pearl Jam for the 1999 album, No Boundaries: A Benefit for the Kosovar Refugees, with their version appearing as a B-side to their cover of "Last Kiss". Pearl Jam also played the song live and it has appeared on several of their live albums. Little Steven and his band The Disciples of Soul covered it on their 2021 live album Macca to Mecca! Live at the Cavern Club, Liverpool. The song was also covered by The Derailers on their 2006 album Soldiers Of Love, which was produced by Cason. AllMusic critic Rick Anderson regarded this version as being "fun" and "a sweetly kitschy gem."
References
External links
The Beatles Bible: Soldier of Love, 2 July 1963.
Soldiering On, Nashville Scene
1962 songs
1991 songs
Marshall Crenshaw songs
Arthur Alexander songs
Dot Records singles
Song recordings produced by George Martin
Songs written by Buzz Cason
The Beatles songs
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44503608
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little%20Black%20Creek
|
Little Black Creek
|
Little Black Creek is a tributary of Black Creek in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately long and flows through Lattimer, Harleigh, and Hazle Township. The watershed of the creek is largely on coal mining land. It only has an intermittent flow and some of its waters drain into the Jeddo Tunnel instead of Black Creek. The creek is in the Eastern Middle Anthracite Field. There is at least one bridge crossing the creek.
Course
Little Black Creek begins at the confluence of two unnamed tributaries on the border between Hazle Township and Lattimer. It flows west and slightly south for more than a mile before turning south-southwest for some distance. By this point, the creek has begun to flow along the border between Hazle Township and Harleigh. After several tenths of a mile, the creek fully enters Hazle Township and crosses Pennsylvania Route 309. A short distance further downstream, it reaches its confluence with Black Creek.
Geography and geology
The elevation near the mouth of Little Black Creek is above sea level. The elevation of the creek's source is between and above sea level. Both the source and the mouth of the creek are in the United States Geological Survey quadrangle of Hazleton.
The Jeddo Tunnel drains water from the Little Black Creek Coal Basin. Jeddo Tunnel A passes through this coal basin. Little Black Creek is one of four surface streams that successfully exits the Jeddo Tunnel basin. It is the third-largest of the streams that do so.
Little Black Creek has been described by Bloomsburg University professor Duane Braun as having "sharp, multiple crest hydrography". The stream bed of the creek changes course at least fairly regularly. The creek is near the Woodside Coal Basin, which is a natural sub-basin that has been reclaimed. Coal basins are under 30 percent of the creek's drainage basin and the area in the vicinity of the creek has been heavily mined.
Hydrology and watershed
The Little Black Creek Coal Basin has an area of . Most of the watershed is in Hazle Township and Butler Township, but a small portion of the northeastern part of the watershed is in the borough of Freeland. The entirety of the watershed is within the Jeddo Tunnel drainage basin. The creek's watershed makes up 14 percent of the Jeddo Tunnel watershed.
Most of the watershed of Little Black Creek is in the Eastern Middle Anthracite Field, which is part of the Anthracite Upland Section of the Ridge and Valley Province. The watershed of Little Black Creek is adjacent to the watersheds of Black Creek and Nescopeck Creek.
The headwaters of Little Black Creek are east of Pardeesville and the mouth of the creek is near Hazleton. A pond is located in the upper reaches of the watershed.
Little Black Creek does not perennially have any discharge. Instead, it has an intermittent or rare discharge. The runoff levels of the creek was measured six times between October 1997 and October 1998. The runoff was measured to be 0 all but two times. The remaining two times, the runoff was 1 cubic foot per second and 2.4 cubic feet per second. The Little Black Creek Coal Basin contributes 11.43 cubic feet per second of water to the Jeddo Tunnel's outflow.
History
The Nescopeck Path historically crossed Little Black Creek.
A concrete slab bridge carrying Pennsylvania Route 309 over Little Black Creek was built in 1928. It is long. There are plans to reestablish the channel of the creek or construct it from scratch in its upper reaches. There are ten mining permits in the Little Black Creek Coal Basin. The upper reaches of the creek has had its course altered by mining.
Little Black Creek was entered into the Geographic Names Information System on January 1, 1990. Its identifier in the Geographic Names Information System is 1202231.
Little Black Creek is mentioned in The North American Journals of Prince Maximilian of Wied.
See also
Gravel Run (Black Creek), next named tributary of Black Creek going downstream
List of rivers of Pennsylvania
References
Rivers of Luzerne County, Pennsylvania
Tributaries of Nescopeck Creek
Rivers of Pennsylvania
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44503631
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toft%C3%B8yna
|
Toftøyna
|
Toftøyna or Toftøy is an island in Øygarden municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The island is the southernmost of the main islands of Øygarden. It is connected by bridge to the island of Rongøy (to the north), to the small island of Turøy (to the southwest), and to the island of Misje in Fjell municipality (to the south). Toftøyna is connected to the mainland by a series of bridges by heading south via Misje island.
There are 2 main settlements on the rocky island: Vikavågen on the southeastern shore and Torsteinsvik on the northwestern shore. The main road on the island is Norwegian County Road 561 which runs between the two villages, connecting it to the surrounding islands. The Hjeltefjorden flows along the eastern shore of the island and the North Sea lies to the west. There are two small straits to the north and south of the island, separating it from the neighboring islands of Rongøy and Misje.
See also
List of islands of Norway
References
Islands of Vestland
Øygarden
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6903315
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French%20destroyer%20Ouragan
|
French destroyer Ouragan
|
Ouragan (French: "hurricane") was a (torpilleur d'escadre) built for the French Navy during the 1920s. During World War II, the destroyer began the war in service with the French Navy and was undergoing repairs at Brest during the invasion of France. The British Royal Navy towed the destroyer to the United Kingdom and commandeered the vessel following the French surrender in 1940. They transferred Ouragan to the Polish Navy which kept the destroyer in service for less than a year. In 1941, the Polish Navy transferred the destroyer to the Free French Naval Forces, which in turn, transferred Ouragan back to the Royal Navy in 1943. Ouragan saw no further action and was broken up for scrap in 1949.
Design and description
The Bourrasque class had an overall length of , a beam of , and a draft of . The ships displaced at (standard) load and at deep load. They were powered by two geared steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft, using steam provided by three du Temple boilers. The turbines were designed to produce , which would propel the ship at . The ships carried enough fuel oil to give them a range of at .
The main armament of the Bourrasque-class ships consisted of four Canon de Modèle 1919 guns in shielded single mounts, one superfiring pair each fore and aft of the superstructure. Their anti-aircraft (AA) armament consisted of a single Canon de Modèle 1924 gun. The ships carried two triple mounts of torpedo tubes amidships. A pair of depth charge chutes were built into their stern that housed a total of sixteen depth charges.
Construction and career
During the first year of World War II, Ouragan served with the 4th Destroyer Division with the destroyers and , based at Brest. At the time of the German invasion of France in 1940, she was undergoing engine repairs at Brest. The Royal Navy towed her to Devonport where the repairs were completed. After the French surrender in June, the British commandeered her on 3 July and she was transferred to the Polish Navy on 17 July 1940. Until 30 April 1941 she sailed under the Polish ensign (using pennant number H16) but as OF Ouragan (OF - Okręt Francuski - "French ship"), instead of the usual ORP prefix. She was commanded by Lieutenant Commander T. Gorazdowski; most of Ouragans crew were transferred from , which had been sunk on 4 May 1940, during the Battle of Narvik.
Ouragan participated in operations around the British Isles, during which she suffered storm damage (flooded engine and boiler rooms) and a series of debilitating technical problems, requiring a total of 194 days under repair (compared to 31 days at sea). On 30 April 1941, after 287 days in Polish service, Ouragan was returned to the Free French Forces, who in turn passed her to the Royal Navy in 1943. She never returned to active operations, was decommissioned on 7 April 1949 and scrapped.
Notes
References
External links
uboat.com
Polish Navy in Scotland
Polish navy
Bourrasque-class destroyers
World War II destroyers of France
World War II destroyers of Poland
Ships built in France
1924 ships
Destroyers of the Free French Naval Forces
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44503648
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tacocat
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Tacocat
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Tacocat is an American punk rock band from Seattle, founded in 2007 and consisting of Emily Nokes, Bree McKenna, Lelah Maupin, and Eric Randall. They gained popularity in 2014 following the release of their second album NVM, engineered by Conrad Uno. The album received positive reviews in the music press, including from Pitchfork, AllMusic, and PopMatters, and also reached the CMJ top 10 college radio albums.
Tacocat addresses feminist themes in many of their songs using humor and sarcasm. The song "Crimson Wave" is a period-positive beach anthem featuring red imagery and humorous menstruation metaphors. The music video for the song gained over 10,000 views in a single week on YouTube, and has since gotten over 415,000 views. The band also jokes about other themes such as seasonal affective disorder in Seattle on "Bridge to Hawaii" and waiting for a late bus on "FU #8."
History
Drummer Lelah Maupin and guitarist Eric Randall first met in Longview, Washington while working together at a Safeway grocery store. Randall met bassist Bree McKenna while his band was practicing in the basement of a punk house where she lived. Lelah Maupin met Emily Nokes in a graphic design class. The four bonded over their mutual affection for 1990s music, the riot grrrl movement, and Kevin Costner's Waterworld. They started making music together, performing at small shows and releasing singles. They released their DIY debut album Shame Spiral in 2010. That year, they also signed with Subpop imprint Hardly Art and released their second EP Take Me to Your Dealer. The Woman's Day EP followed in 2011. The band would exhaustively tour the United States over the next few years, playing basements and house shows. Other notable releases include a Ghost Mice/Tacocat split 7-inch, a riot grrrl cover compilation album released on Teenage Teardrops Records (featuring cover art by Jessica Hopper), and the much coveted DIY tour tapes such as Frenching and Food Stamps and OMG.
In a 2012 installment of Your Favorite Band, a series of fictitious satirical articles for VICE, Bree McKenna claimed to be the illegitimate child of Bob Saget.
The band was involved in a controversy involving pop singer Katy Perry when her Super Bowl 2015 half-time show featured backup dancers in shark costumes that looked similar to Tacocat's in the "Crimson Wave" video.
2014 NVM Tour
Tacocat went on a national tour in March 2014 in support of their album NVM, playing many shows in the Pacific Northwest and across the United States, including in Los Angeles, Tucson, New Orleans, Atlanta, Baltimore, Columbus, Las Vegas, New York City, Miami, Boston, and Little Rock. They also toured Europe in fall 2014 with visits to many major cities including Barcelona, Berlin, London and Vienna.
Lost Time
Tacocat's third album Lost Time came out on Hardly Art Records on April 1, 2016. Their premiere, pro-service worker single, "I Hate the Weekend," was announced in January 2016. On February 15, 2016, Pitchfork streamed "Talk," the second single from the album, and reported that they will record the theme song to the 2016 Powerpuff Girls reboot.
Singer Emily Nokes was influenced by the science fiction series The X-Files during the writing of Lost Time. The name of the album is a reference to the pilot episode of The X-Files, which touched on the lost time phenomenon.
Tacocat were included in the Coachella 2017 line-up.
This Mess Is a Place
The band released their fourth full-length album, This Mess is a Place on May 3, 2019, on Sub Pop Records
Members
Discography
Albums
Shame Spiral (Don't Stop Believin' Records, 2008)
NVM (Hardly Art, 2014)
Lost Time (Hardly Art, 2016)
This Mess Is a Place (Sub Pop, 2019)
EPs
Ghost Mice/Tacocat Split (Plan-It-X Records, 2009)
This is Happening Without Your Permission Split (Teenage Teardrops, 2009)
Woman's Day (Minor Bird Records, 2011)
Take Me to Your Dealer (Hardly Art, 2012)
Tapes
Frenching and Foodstamps (self-release, 2009)
OMG (self-release, 2010)
Singles
"Bridge to Hawaii" (Hardly Art, 2013)
"Crimson Wave" (Hardly Art, 2014)
"Talk" (Hardly Art, 2016)
"Grains of Salt" (Sub Pop, 2019)
References
External links
Musical groups from Seattle
Pop punk groups from Washington (state)
Punk rock groups from Washington (state)
Riot grrrl bands
Feminist musicians
Hardly Art artists
2007 establishments in Washington (state)
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44503700
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archie%20Crail
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Archie Crail
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Archie Crail (born 1944 in Paarl, South Africa) is a South African-Canadian writer. He was a shortlisted nominee for the Governor General's Award for English-language fiction at the 1992 Governor General's Awards for his short story collection The Bonus Deal.
Background
A coloured South African of Khoisan descent, Crail was born and raised in Paarl. Educated at the University of South Africa, he was an anti-apartheid activist with the African National Congress, and studied theology under Desmond Tutu. He later spent several years living in South-West Africa, continuing his political activism with SWAPO, and briefly moved to Botswana before moving to Canada in 1980.
Crail and his family settled in Regina, Saskatchewan in 1980. Crail took classes at the University of Regina, including studying creative writing under Ven Begamudré.
Writing
His first work, a theatrical play titled Exile, won the Saskatchewan Writers' Guild literary competition in 1989 and was produced by Saskatoon's 25th Street Theatre in 1990. A touring production of Exile was later mounted in South Africa.
The Bonus Deal was published by Coteau Books in 1992. Several of the short stories in The Bonus Deal were also dramatized for CBC Radio.
In 1991, after the South African government lifted its ban on exiled African National Congress members returning to South Africa, Crail attended the organization's conference in Durban.
Works
Exile (1990)
The Bonus Deal (1992)
References
Living people
20th-century Canadian dramatists and playwrights
Canadian male short story writers
Canadian radio writers
Canadian male journalists
Black Canadian writers
Journalists from Saskatchewan
South African male short story writers
South African short story writers
South African journalists
South African dramatists and playwrights
Coloured South African people
South African emigrants to Canada
People from Paarl
Writers from Regina, Saskatchewan
Anti-apartheid activists
University of South Africa alumni
Canadian male dramatists and playwrights
1944 births
20th-century Canadian short story writers
20th-century Canadian male writers
Canadian Film Centre alumni
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44503728
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxopneustes%20roseus
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Toxopneustes roseus
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Toxopneustes roseus is a species of sea urchin from the East Pacific. It is sometimes known as the rose flower urchin or the pink flower urchin. Like the related flower urchin, they are venomous.
Taxonomy
Toxopneustes roseus is one of the four species in the genus Toxopneustes. It was first described by the American zoologist Alexander Emanuel Agassiz in 1863 as Boletia roseus.
The generic name Toxopneustes literally means "poison breath", derived from Greek τοξικόν [φάρμακον] (toksikón [phármakon], "arrow [poison]") and πνευστος (pneustos, "breath"). The specific name roseus means "rosy" in Latin.
Though it does not have a widely used common name, it is sometimes known as the "rose flower urchin" or the "pink flower urchin". More commonly, it is simply called a "flower urchin", though that name strictly applies only to the related Indo-West Pacific species, Toxopneustes pileolus.
Description
Toxopneustes roseus is similar in appearance to the more widespread flower urchin, Toxopneustes pileolus. It can be distinguished by having a rigid "shell" (test) that is a solid pink, red, or purple in color, in contrast to the variegated coloration of the test of Toxopneustes pileolus. Like other members of the genus, its most conspicuous feature are its numerous pedicellariae (stalked grasping appendages) which gives it the appearance of being a cluster of flowers.
Distribution
Toxopneustes roseus is the only member of the genus found in the East Pacific. It can be found from Peru, up along the coast of Central America (including the Gulf of California), and as far north as California. They can also be found in the waters around the Galapagos Islands.
They are common in coral reefs, rhodolith beds, and rocky environments, at depths of . They can also be found in sand and mud substrates.
Ecology
Toxopneustes roseus feeds almost exclusively on rhodoliths, a coralline algae. They are highly mobile. They move and feed throughout the day and night, though they seem to be more active at night.
Toxopneustes roseus are among the numerous species of sea urchins known as "collector urchins", so named because they frequently cover the upper surfaces of their bodies with debris from their surroundings. This behavior is usually referred to as "covering" or "heaping". A 1998 study has postulated that the debris collected by the sea urchins may serve as ballast, preventing them from being swept away by wave surges when feeding
Venom
Like other members of the genus, Toxopneustes roseus is venomous. The flower-like pedicellariae can deliver a painful sting if touched.
See also
Fire urchins
References
External links
Toxopneustidae
Animals described in 1863
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44503741
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loudoun%20Square
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Loudoun Square
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Loudoun Square is a residential square in Cardiff, Wales, described as "the heart of the old Tiger Bay". The square is the location of two of Cardiff's few residential tower blocks, as well as shops, a pub, church, health centre and community centre.
History
During the 1840s the Marquess of Bute created the residential area of Butetown, to house workers for the new Cardiff Docks. After his death (in 1848), and the death in 1852 of the owner of a glassworks on the site, land was acquired between West Bute Street (to the east) and the Glamorganshire Canal (to the west) to create a large square of three-storey decorative houses. It was shown as "Luton Square" on an 1855 map. The square was a "jewell" in "perhaps the poshest place in town" surrounding a green, tranquil park with its houses home to shipwrights, mariners, merchants, brokers and builders. The area became highly multicultural, "one of the most colourful and cosmopolitan communities on Earth".
By the 1880s the wealthier residents had moved away to the new suburbs. While the nearby Mount Stuart Square became the site for an impressive new Coal Exchange building, Loudoun Square became increasingly overcrowded as residents took in tenants to help pay the high rents. The Loudoun Square area became known as "Tiger Bay", and the racial composition became even more diverse with the arrival of seafarers on the ships in the period before the Great War.
1960s redevelopment
By the late 1940s the houses in Butetown were in extremely poor repair and the area was seen by the city authorities as a physical and moral slum. It was decided to demolish the existing houses and replace them with modern residential tower blocks. Loudoun Square was the first area to be tackled and the nineteenth century housing was cleared in 1960. Residents of the Square were moved to new housing or decanted to Cardiff's suburban housing estates. Between 1960 and 1966 two 16-storey tower blocks, Loudoun House and Nelson House, were built on the centre of Loudoun Square.
Recent events
A new foyer, "hotel-style" concierge reception and garden area was created by Cardiff Council for Loudoun House and Nelson House in 2001, described by a resident as "similar to the St David's Hotel".
In Summer 2010 work started to replace and improve the facilities in the square, with a £13 million revamp led by Cardiff Community Housing Association. The new facilities would include a new shopping centre, community hub and a health centre, together with 13 new houses and 48 apartments to a BREEAM accredited eco-standard.
In 2023, a new station on the South Wales Metro is planned to open in the area, serving 3 Light Rapid Transit lines to Treherbert, Aberdare, & Merthyr Tydfil, Cardiff City Centre & Cardiff Bay (With plans to extend to the Senedd and Cardiff Parkway).
Sources
References
External links
Aerial photo showing Loudoun Square (1927) bottom right, Gathering the Jewells website
Butetown
Squares in Cardiff
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6903335
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehdi%20Rahmati
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Mehdi Rahmati
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Seyed Mehdi Rahmati Oskuei (; born February 3, 1983) is an Iranian football coach and former player who currently manages Aluminium Arak in the Persian Gulf Pro League. He played for the Iran national team between 2004 and 2013.
Club career
Early career
Rahmati started his professional career with Fajr Sepasi in 2000, he stayed for four years at the club and made 40 appearances before transferring to Sepahan. After only one season with Sepahan, Rahmati again transferred, this time to Esteghlal. Although he had good performance in the Esteghlal squad, Vahid Talebloo had better performances and he proved himself as the number one keeper for Esteghlal
Rahmati again left this time to Mes Kerman where he played very well. He continued performing well in Mes and helped the club qualify for the AFC Champions League for the first time in the club's history. Persepolis showed some interest on him but he reject the bid.
Sepahan
On July 14, 2009, Rahmati signed a two-year contract with Sepahan for an approximate sum of $450,000 turning down an offer from Norwegian club Rosenborg BK. At Sepahan he was the first choice keeper for the entire season and one of the most important players that helped the club win the league. He repeated the same feat with Sepahan the next season, he was regarded as the league's best goalkeeper after his performances with Sepahan.
Esteghlal
He joined Esteghlal in July 2011 where he won the Hazfi Cup in the first season. He extended his contract for another season on June 18, 2012. On April 12, 2013, Rahmati achieved a recorded twenty-four clean sheets, equalling with Iker Casillas in a season. He also helped his team to win league title after four years. At the end of the season, he extended his contract with the club. After the retirement of Farhad Majidi, Rahmati was named as Esteghlal's captain.
Paykan
On June 18, 2014, Rahmati left Esteghlal and joined Paykan for $1.5 million, signing a two-year contract. He played his first match for Paykan in 3-4 home loss to Tractor Sazi Tabriz F.C in 2014 Shohada Cup
Return to Esteghlal
On June 29, 2015, Rahmati returned to his former club Esteghlal on a one-year contract.
In 2018 he won the Hazfi Cup with Esteghlal. He holds the record for the most Appearance in Persian gulf league and is the first player who appeared in 18 consecutive seasons in Persian gulf league . Considered one of the best goalkeepers in Asia, He also holds the record of most clean sheet in Persian gulf league with (180).
Padideh
On June 16, 2019, Rahmati joined Padideh on a two-year contract.
International career
He was part of the Iran national team in 2004 AFC Asian Cup but he did not play any match. He won the 2004 West Asian Football Federation Championship with Team Melli. He was again part of the team in 2007 AFC Asian Cup but he did not play any match again. Since the start of the 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification, he has been the number one keeper for Team Melli. He also played for Team Melli in the 2011 AFC Asian Cup qualification. He was one of the best players for Iran in 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification and 2014 FIFA World Cup qualification where his saves played an important role. Rahmati was the first choice keeper in West Asian Football Federation Championship 2010 and 2011 Asian Cup.
Retirement
On January 20, 2012, Mehdi Rahmati announced his temporary retirement from the national team, he stated in an interview "Maybe I cannot be at the service of Team Melli, so I temporarily announce my resignation." He added, "Due to some problems, I prefer not to say anything for the time being, but I have to say just one thing that I am not at the service of Team Melli for a while."
After the announcement Iran national team coach Carlos Queiroz made a comment that he respected Rahmati's decision and would not invite him any more. Many in the Iranian FA tried to convince him to invite Rahmati again but Queiroz said that he was not involved in the decision and he could not see any reason to negotiate this matter with Rahmati.
In March 2013 Rahmati made a comment that Queiroz should not be the coach of Iran and the best he could do was to help as the assistant. At the end of the season Rahmati apologised to the Iranian people but not Queiroz personally in Navad TV show. Before the final three matches in June 2013 for the World cup qualifications it was rumoured that the Iranian FA and Queiroz asked him to sign an apology letter provided by them which he refused. A month later in July 2013, Hadi Aghili revealed that Rahmati told him not to sign the apology and they will beg us to return after they lose the first match which did not happen. However Rahmati was present in Training Camp in October 2014, but he was never called for an international match.
Personal life
Rahmati's family is Tat Persian Iranian Azerbaijani from the Osku city of East Azerbaijan Province.
Mehdi Rahmati married in 2004. He has two children, Ali and Ata.
Career statistics
Managerial record
Honours
Fajr Sepasi
Hazfi Cup: 2000–01
Sepahan
Iran Pro League: 2009–10, 2010–11
Esteghlal
Iran Pro League: 2005–06, 2012–13
Hazfi Cup: 2011–12, 2017–18
Iran U23
Asian Games Gold Medal: 2002
Iran
WAFF Championship: 2004
Individual
Football Iran News & Events
Goalkeeper of the year (2007–08, 2012–13)
Iran Football Federation Award
Goalkeeper of the year (2007–08, 2012–13)
Iran Football Federation Award
Player of the season (2012–13) (Second)
References
External links
Seyed Mehdi Rahmati Official Website
Mehdi Rahmati at PersianLeague.com
Mehdi Rahmati at TeamMelli.com
1983 births
Living people
Iranian footballers
Iranian Azerbaijanis
Association football goalkeepers
Fajr Sepasi players
Sepahan S.C. footballers
Esteghlal F.C. players
Sanat Mes Kerman F.C. players
Shahr Khodro F.C. players
Iran under-20 international footballers
Iran international footballers
2004 AFC Asian Cup players
2007 AFC Asian Cup players
2011 AFC Asian Cup players
Asian Games gold medalists for Iran
Asian Games medalists in football
Footballers at the 2002 Asian Games
Footballers at the 2010 Asian Games
Medalists at the 2002 Asian Games
Azadegan League players
Persian Gulf Pro League players
Iranian football managers
Shahr Khodro F.C. managers
People from Shiraz
Sportspeople from Fars province
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6903341
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FLF
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FLF
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FLF may refer to:
Flensburg-Schäferhaus Airport, in Germany
Flowery Field railway station, in England
Freedom Leadership Foundation, a project of the Unification movement of Sun Myung Moon
Frontline Force, a mod for the computer game Half-Life
La Fayette-class frigate
Luxembourg Football Federation (French: )
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44503766
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Match%20%28film%29
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Match (film)
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Match is a 2014 American drama film written and directed by Stephen Belber, based on his 2004 play of the same name. The film stars Patrick Stewart, Carla Gugino and Matthew Lillard. The film was released on January 14, 2015, by IFC Films.
Plot
The film revolves around Tobi, a middle-aged ex-dancer now working as a ballet instructor at the Juilliard School in New York City. He is asked for an interview by husband and wife Mike and Lisa, who claim they are preparing a dissertation on the dance community of the 1960s. Through the course of the interview, Mike's questions keep getting more and more personal. He finally reveals that he suspects that Tobi is his biological father, as indicated by Mike's mother on her deathbed. When Tobi denies this, Mike forcefully takes a DNA sample from Tobi and rushes to a police lab, where his friend Jim performs a DNA test.
Outraged by Mike's violence, Lisa stays to help Tobi clean up the mess Mike made. She bonds with Tobi as a person and Tobi reveals that he knows he is Mike's father, but denied it out of shame. He had abandoned the boy for his career. He also reveals that he paid a part of Mike's college tuition for college. When Mike returns to take Lisa home, the three have an argument. Tobi tells Mike to treat his wife well. After further argument, in which Mike tells Tobi he chose to make his life so that no one loves him, the pair leave. Lisa convinces Tobi to tell Mike the truth. He also invites the pair for brunch the next day.
On their way to Tobi's house the next morning, Mike is called by Jim, who tells him that the DNA was not a match. When Lisa and Mike tell Tobi this, he has an anxiety attack, and politely asks them to let him be alone. As the movie ends, Tobi is heard calling friends to take them up on an offer of a dinner party.
Cast
Patrick Stewart as Tobi Powell
Carla Gugino as Lisa
Matthew Lillard as Mike
Maduka Steady as Cabbie
Jaime Tirelli as Raul
Rob Yang as Jim
Production
On January 17, 2013, Patrick Stewart, Carla Gugino, and Matthew Lillard joined the cast.
Release
The film premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 18, 2014. The film was released theatrically on January 14, 2015, by IFC Films.
Reception
Match received positive reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a rating of 76%, based on 37 reviews, with an average rating of 6.5/10. On Metacritic, the film has a rating of 62 out of 100, based on 17 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".
References
External links
2014 films
American drama films
2014 drama films
Films set in New York City
Films shot in New York City
2010s English-language films
2010s American films
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23578667
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euroleague%202009%E2%80%9310%20Regular%20Season%20Group%20D
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Euroleague 2009–10 Regular Season Group D
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Standings and Results for Group D of the Regular Season phase of the 2009–10 Euroleague basketball tournament.
Standings
Fixtures/Results
All times given below are in Central European Time.
Unless otherwise indicated, all attendance totals are from the corresponding match report posted on the official Euroleague site and included with each game summary.
Game 1
Game 2
Game 3
Game 4
Game 5
Game 6
Game 7
Game 8
Game 9
Game 10
External links
Standings
Group D
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44503788
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20World%20Beaters%20Sing%20the%20World%20Beaters
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The World Beaters Sing the World Beaters
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The World Beaters Sing The World Beaters is an album by the 1970 England World Cup squad created as a spin-off to the success of the song "Back Home". The album featuring songs such as a recording of "Sugar Sugar" by Bobby Moore and Francis Lee. The album was issued by Pye with a football shaped sleeve, and reached the UK top 5. The album was arranged by Phil Coulter and produced by Coulter and Bill Martin. Aside from the single "Back Home" and B-side "Cinnamon Stick", the album featured a third original Martin-Coulter composition "Glory-O", which was re-recorded two years later by a marching band directed by Martin and Coulter as the B-side of the songwriter's Philips single of the Munich 1972 Summer Olympics fanfare composed by Herbert Rehbein.
Track listing
Reissues
Moore's contributions were reissued on Forever Blowing Bubbles a 1997 compilation album by West Ham United FC and supporters. The track listing includes:
West Ham United — Boleyn Boys with the 1975 FA Cup Final West Ham United squad
Oh Sweet England — Moore, Hurst & Peters with the 1975 FA Cup Final West Ham United squad
Sugar Sugar - Bobby Moore & Friends
I'm Forever Blowing Bubbles - Cockney Rejects
West Side Boys — Cockney Rejects
Viva Bobby Moore - The Business
Bobby Moore Was Innocent - Serious Drinking
Leroys Boots - Barmy Army
Devo - Barmy Army
Blunted Irons — United Nations
Billy Bonds MBE — Barmy Army
Come on You Irons - Rainbow's Quest
Bobby Moore's legs — Barmy Army
Up the Hammers — Alf's Army
Over Land & Sea - Chicken Iron
Terminator - Flat Back Four
References
1970 albums
1997 compilation albums
Pye Records albums
Football songs and chants
England at the 1970 FIFA World Cup
Albums produced by Phil Coulter
Albums produced by Bill Martin (musician)
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6903348
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saky%20Municipality
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Saky Municipality
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The Saky City Municipality (, translit. Saks'ka mis'krada) is one of the 25 regions of the Crimean Peninsula, currently subject to a territorial dispute between the Russian Federation and Ukraine. The region is located on the western coast of Crimea on the Black Sea's shore. Its administrative centre is the city of Saky. In 2014, the population stood at 25,146.
Unlike in the other regions and municipalities of Crimea which contain a number of other settlements under its jurisdiction, the Saky municipality only consists of its administrative center Saky.
Name
The Saky City Municipality is also known by two other native official names; in Russian as Sakskiy gorsovet (), and in Crimean Tatar as . Colloquially, the municipality is known as "the territory governed by the Saky City Council" ().
Administrative divisions
Within the framework of administrative divisions of Russia, Saky is, together with a number of rural localities, incorporated separately as the "town of republican significance of Saki"—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the town of republican significance of Saki is incorporated as "Saki Urban Okrug".
Within the framework of administrative divisions of Ukraine, Saky is incorporated as the "town of republican significance of Saky". Ukraine does not have municipal divisions.
Government
The Saky City Council's members are elected every four years, with 21 councillors elected in single-mandate districts, and 21 councillors in a multiple mandate district.
Demographics
The Saky municipality's population was 28,522 as of the 2001 Ukrainian Census and 25,146 in 2014 according to the 2014 Crimean Census.
The region's nationality composition in the 2001 census was:
Russians – 65.1 percent
Ukrainians – 24.3 percent
Crimean Tatars – 5.8 percent
All other nationalities – 4.8 percent.
References
External links
Municipalities of Crimea
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23578684
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castello%20di%20Milazzo
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Castello di Milazzo
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The Castello di Milazzo () is a castle and citadel in Milazzo, Sicily. It is located on the summit of a hill overlooking the town, on a site first fortified in the Neolithic era. The Greeks modified it into an acropolis, and it was later enlarged into a castrum by the Romans and Byzantines. The Normans built a castle, which was further modified and enlarged during the Medieval and Early Modern periods. It is now in good condition, and open to the public.
The castle was built as a result of the strategic importance of the Milazzo peninsula, which commands the Gulf of Patti, the body of water that separates Sicily from the Aeolian Islands. It also commands one of Sicily's most important natural harbours.
History
Antiquity
The first fortifications on the site of the Castello di Milazzo were built in around 4000 BC, during the Neolithic. The Greeks built an acropolis in the 8th or 7th centuries BC, and the Romans and Byzantines modified the site into a castrum.
Ancient coins, including those of the Mamertines, have been found recently inside the castle's perimeter.
Norman and Swabian rule
the castle was built by the Normans and later enlarged by the Swabians. The castle was extensively modified during the reign of Frederick II of Hohenstaufen.
In 1295, the Sicilian Parliament met here.
Aragonese and Spanish rule
Between 1496 and 1508, the Aragonese built walls with six semi-circular bastions, encircling the original medieval castle. They were designed by the architect Baldiri Meteli.
Between 1525 and 1540, the Spanish built bastioned fortifications around the Aragonese walls and the settlement which surrounded it, expanding the castle into a citadel. The new fortifications were designed by the military engineers Pietro Antonio Tomasello and Antonio Ferramolino. In 1577 by Tibúrcio Spannocchi and in 1585 there was a reconstruction by Camillo Camilliani and after by Pietro Novelli. Some outworks were added in the 17th century. Several civil buildings began to be built within the walls of the castle, including the old cathedral and various palaces.
18th to 20th centuries
The castle was in Habsburg hands in the first half of the 18th century, before being taken over by the Bourbons. The latter retained the castle until they lost Milazzo to Giuseppe Garibaldi in 1860. The castle was subsequently converted into a prison in 1880, and underwent a number of alterations. The prison closed in 1959 and the castle remained abandoned for a couple of decades.
Recent history
After many years of neglect and deterioration, the castle was restored between 1991 and 2002, and again between 2008 and 2010. Today, it is in good condition and is open to the public.
Layout
Although it is commonly called a castle, the Castello di Milazzo is more precisely a fortified town or citadel, since it housed several public and private edifices, such as a cathedral and a Benedictine convent. The citadel is located on top of a hill, which gradually slopes towards the town and its harbour. The south-eastern side of the castle consists of several defensive walls, while its north-western side is protected by a natural cliff-face.
The keep of the castle is the Torre Saracena (Saracen Tower), which is also the oldest part of the fortification. It was built either by Normans, but like the rest of the castle, it was modified over the years until the 16th century. The keep is surrounded by walls with protruding square-shaped towers, which were built by the Swabians. These are in turn surrounded by the Aragonese Wall (), which contains semi-circular bastions.
The Aragonese Wall is surrounded by the 16th century Spanish Wall (), which contains the following bastions:
Bastione di Santa Maria – a semi-circular bastion at the southern end of the castle, containing the main entrance. It was named after a church dedicated to St. Mary which was partially demolished to make way for the bastion.
Bastione delle Isole – an arrow-shaped bastion at the eastern end of the castle. It was designed by Antonio Ferramolino, and contains a number of countermines.
The walls are protected by ravelins and other outworks which were built in the 17th century.
A gallery with a barrel vault then leads to an internal courtyard, after which is the Old Duomo (cathedral), built from 1607. The Benedictine convent was built during the same period. The ruins of the Palazzo dei Giurati (Jurors' Palace) and of the older church of Santa Maria are also present.
References
Bibliography
Milazzo
Milazzo
Museums in Sicily
Historic house museums in Italy
Buildings and structures in the Metropolitan City of Messina
Defunct prisons in Italy
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6903376
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheila%20Lerwill
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Sheila Lerwill
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Sheila W. Lerwill (born 16 August 1928) is a British athlete who competed mainly in the high jump.
She broke the World record for women's high jump on 7 July 1951 in London with a jump of 1.72 meters, beating the previous record of 1.71 meters set by Fanny Blankers-Koen of the Netherlands on 30 May 1943 in Amsterdam. The record was broken on 22 May 1954 by Aleksandra Chudina of the USSR in Kiev with a jump of 1.73 meters. She competed for Great Britain in the high jump at the 1952 Summer Olympics, held in Helsinki, Finland, where she won the silver medal with a jump of 1.65 metres. It was Britain's best athletics medal at the games.
References
1928 births
Living people
British female high jumpers
Olympic silver medallists for Great Britain
Athletes (track and field) at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games
Olympic athletes of Great Britain
European Athletics Championships medalists
Medalists at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Olympic silver medalists in athletics (track and field)
Commonwealth Games competitors for England
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23578691
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabulam%20Rivulet
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Tabulam Rivulet
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Tabulam Rivulet is a river of the state of New South Wales in Australia.
See also
List of rivers of Australia
References
Rivers of New South Wales
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6903378
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vendovi%20Island
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Vendovi Island
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Vendovi Island is an island in the San Juan Islands of Washington State. Located in Skagit County, Washington, United States, Vendovi Island lies across Samish Bay from mainland Skagit County, between Guemes Island and Lummi Island. Vendovi Island has a land area of and a population of two persons was reported as of the 2000 census. The Island was named after a Fijian High Chief Ro Veidovi who was brought to North America by the Wilkes Expedition.
The San Juan Preservation Trust, a land trust that conserves open space in the San Juan Islands, purchased the island in December 2010 from the family of John Fluke Sr.
References
Vendovi Island: Block 1000, Census Tract 9501, Skagit County, Washington United States Census Bureau
Islands of Skagit County, Washington
Islands of Washington (state)
Protected areas of Skagit County, Washington
San Juan Islands
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17336370
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007%E2%80%9308%20Belarusian%20Cup
|
2007–08 Belarusian Cup
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2007–08 Belarusian Cup was the 17th edition of the football knock-out competition in Belarus.
First round
12 teams from the First League (out of 14, excluding Belshina Bobruisk and Lokomotiv Minsk who relegated from the Premier League after 2006 season), 13 teams from the Second League (out of 16, excluding three teams which were reverve squads for Premier and First League teams) and 7 amateur clubs started in this round. The games were played on 28 and 30 July 2007.
Round of 32
16 winners of previous round were joined by 14 clubs from Premier League and two First League clubs which relegated from the Premier League after 2006 season. The games were played in August and September 2007.
Round of 16
The first legs were played on 15 and 16 March 2008. The second legs were played on 21 and 22 March 2008.
|}
1 Kommunalnik Zhlobin withdrew from the Cup due to bankruptcy.
First leg
Second leg
Quarterfinals
The first legs were played on 29 March 2008. The second legs were played on 2 April 2008.
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First leg
Second leg
Semifinals
The first legs were played on 16 April 2008. The second legs were played on 30 April 2008.
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First leg
Second leg
Final
External links
RSSSF
Belarusian Cup seasons
Belarus
Cup, 2007-08
Cup, 2007-08
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23578695
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcutta%20Creek
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Tarcutta Creek
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The Tarcutta Creek, part of the Murray Darling basin, is mostly a perennial stream located in the Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
The stream rises on the western slopes of the Great Dividing Range and Australian Alps, approximately southwest of Batlow. The stream flows generally north by west towards the town of where the creek is crossed by the Hume Motorway. From this point the river continues generally north by west towards the city of Wagga Wagga and reaches its confluence with the Murrumbidgee River, approximately southeast of . The creek descends over its course.
See also
List of rivers of Australia
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
Rivers in the Riverina
Hume Highway
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17336372
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IAI%20Nammer
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IAI Nammer
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The IAI Nammer (נמר "Leopard") was a fighter aircraft developed in the Israeli aerospace manufacturing Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) during the late 1980s and early 1990s. The programme was pursued as a private venture and the resultant aircraft was intended for the export market.
During the 1980s, IAI decided to embark upon the independent development of a modernised version of the IAI Kfir; reusing its airframe and pairing it with a modernised cockpit, engine, and avionics, the latter of which was to have taken advantage of the earlier work undertaken for the cancelled IAI Lavi programme. These changes were to result in greater performance, range, and air-to-air combat capabilities than the preceding Kfir. Named Nammer, the aircraft was to be offered under various different configurations, including alternative engines and radars, as well as prospective licensed production arrangements, to customers. IAI stated that they were willing to be highly flexible with the Nammer's launch customers, being open to giving them great leeway over modifying the design and incorporating their own systems as to their preferences.
Development of the Nammer proceeded to the prototype stage; a single aircraft was constructed to function as a proof-of-concept prototype, demonstrating IAI's capability to successfully install and operate advanced avionics in existing airframes, in this case the Mirage III/Kfir. On 21 March 1991, the prototype performed its maiden flight. Following on from its first flight, it continued to be used for test flights for some time, demonstrating both the maturity of the concept and of the new IAI-integrated systems. While the proven delta canard configuration of the airframe had been retained, testing was focused upon the new avionics installed, which were said by IAI to make for a relatively modern fighter aircraft. However, despite the company's lengthy efforts to seek both partner companies and export customers for the Nammer, neither participants in the programme nor buyers of the finished proved to be forthcoming; as such, development of the Nammer was ultimately ceased by IAI during the early 1990s without any further examples having been constructed.
Development
During the 1980s, Israeli aerospace company Israel Aircraft Industries (IAI), decided to embark upon the development of a private-venture fighter aircraft; as envisaged, this programme was to be principally based around the airframe of the IAI Kfir and the advanced avionics that had been developed for the cancelled IAI Lavi. Speaking on the Nammer, Moshe Scharf, IAI's director of international military aircraft marketing stated of the reasoning behind the initiative: "Upgrading the existing Kfir platform will not be as cheap as building a new airframe based on the proven delta canard concept". By early 1988, the company had completed the preliminary design and system definition stages of the Nammer's development and had progressed onto the detail design phase. Additionally, the company had conducted early discussions with prospective customers in respect to the type. In particular, IAI was keen to form a partnership with another entity with which to carry out further development work and subsequent production on the Nammer programme.
During the late 1980s, IAI had originally announced and marketed the Nammer as being an upgrade package for existing Mirage III and Mirage 5 airframes. Customers were to have been offered a choice of two basic configurations of the type, one based around re-engining the aircraft with a General Electric F404, while the other was to have retained the Mirage's SNECMA Atar engine but integrated either the Elta EL/M-2011 or EL/M-2032 fire-control radar. The first of these options was envisioned to maximise the aircraft's performance and range while the second was to have served to increase the air-to-air targeting capabilities of the Nammer.
As development progressed, the Nammer came to be advertised by the company as being a new-build aircraft, featuring the EL/M-2032 radar as an integral part of the package. Reportedly, customers were able to choose their preferred engine, ranging from the General Electric F404 (or its Volvo Aero-built derivative, the RM12), the SNECMA M53, and the Pratt & Whitney PW1120, all of which being within the 18,0001b-20,0001b-thrust class. The company has claimed that the proven delta canard configuration of the airframe, when paired with new avionics and a more modern engine design, would result in a relatively modern fighter aircraft, comparable to the General Dynamics F-16A Fighting Falcon or Dassault Mirage 2000, but at a cost of approximately half of the price of the latter aircraft.
For development and demonstration purposes, a single prototype was constructed by the company. On 21 March 1991, this prototype perform its maiden flight. According to IAI, the concept was presented to a number of foreign air forces while seeking to secure sales of the aircraft; the company also stated that it had no intentions to proceed with production of the aircraft until orders for a minimum of 80 aircraft had been secured. It is known that in the course of these negotiations, IAI offered a high degree of customisability to prospective operators, essentially allowing for them to make a significant impact upon the Nammer's design. The company also offered various manufacturing arrangements, from constructing the Nammer at the company's existing facilities in Israel to the potential establishment of a final assembly line within a client customer's country. During 1990, as part of a renewed sales effort, IAI offered to effectively entirely transfer production of the Nammer, along with the onboard systems and software, overseas to customers.
Design
The IAI Nammer was a proposed fighter aircraft, the airframe of which being derived from the earlier IAI Kfir (which was, in turn, based upon the Dassault Mirage 5). Externally, the design bore a strong resemblance to the C7 model of the Kfir; however, it could be easily distinguished by the presence of a longer nose and the lack of a dorsal airscoop at the base of the leading edge of the tailfin. Other areas of the aircraft also featured major differences from the Kfir, including in its cockpit, radar and engine. According to IAI, Nammer was to possess a maximum speed of Mach 2.2 and a 58,000ft (19,300m) stabilised ceiling. The company intended to offer the Nammer with a choice of engines — either the Mirage Ill's original Snecma Atar 9K50, or a variety of more modern powerplants, which would typically possess greater fuel-efficiency and reduced weight than the original engine.
The cockpit of the Nammer was extensively modernised, includes a new overall layout which, amongst other benefits, would have permitted its pilot to maintain effective control of the aircraft via hands-on-throttle-and-stick (HOTAS) operation of all of the key systems under the majority of anticipated operational circumstances. A total of four displays, comprising a head-up display, a pair of multi-function displays, and a radar warning/electronic countermeasures display, were intended to supply the pilot with all necessary information. The various displays and the solid-state instrumentation for the engine was to be based upon reused Lavi technology. The avionics were a major focus area of the Nammer's development.
According to IAI, the Nammer was to be equipped with an advanced weapon management system that was directly integrated with a multimode pulse-Doppler radar, while its electronic warfare suite included features originally designed for the cancelled Lavi would also have been potentially used. The maximum take-off weight of the aircraft was approximately 15,450kg, while the maximum payload was 6,270kg. It could internally contain a total of 3,000kg of fuel, along with an additional 3,720kg in external tanks. In addition, it was to be provided with an aerial refueling capability. According to repeated statements by IAI, serial production of the Nammer fighter would have had been available at a unit cost of less than $20 million.
Specifications (as designed)
See also
References
Citations
Bibliography
Copley, Gregory R. Defense & Foreign Affairs Strategic Policy, Volume 16. Copley & Associates, 1988.
Golan, John W. Lavi: The United States, Israel, and a Controversial Fighter Jet. University of Nebraska Press, 2016. .
International Aeronautic Federation. "Joining the Big League." Interavia: Volume 43, 1988.
External links
1980s Israeli fighter aircraft
IAI aircraft
Cancelled military aircraft projects of Israel
Aircraft first flown in 1991
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44503789
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippe%20Eullaffroy
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Philippe Eullaffroy
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Philippe Eullaffroy (born January 9, 1964) is a French football manager and former footballer who played as a forward.
Playing career
Eullaffroy played professional football with Troyes AC from 1982–1991. He was selected to the team of the century by the fans and set a record after scoring the fastest goal in club history.
Managerial career
Eullaffroy began his managerial career in his native France with the Stade de Reims and Troyes AC youth academies. In 2005, he moved abroad to Canada where he began to manage the McGill Redmen, where he coached the team for three years. During his tenure with McGill he was named the Coach of the Year for all three seasons.
In 2009, he was appointed head coach for Trois-Rivières Attak in the Canadian Soccer League. In his first season with the Attak he led the club to their second National Division title. In the postseason the club reached the CSL Championship finals match where the Attak won in penalties against International Division champions the Serbian White Eagles. For his achievements with the Attak in his debut season he was awarded the CSL Coach of the Year award. The following year Trois-Rivières ceased operations due to the ended cooperation as the farm team for the Montreal Impact, which the ownership waived their players rights and opened their territory for the benefit of the Montreal Impact Academy.
On March 23, 2010 Eullaffroy was appointed the head coach for the Montreal Impact Academy. He managed to lead Montreal to the CSL Championship final in the 2012 season, but were defeated by First Division champions Toronto Croatia. In 2013, he served as the Montreal Impact assistant coach under head coach Marco Schällibaum in the Major League Soccer. In 2014, he was named the academy director for the Montreal Impact academy. On November 17, 2014, Eullaffroy was hired as the head coach for the expansion franchise FC Montreal which began play in 2015 in the USL Pro.
On July 3, 2020, Montreal dismissed him from his post as the academy's director.
Managerial stats
Honors
Managerial
Trois-Rivières Attak
CSL Championship: 2009
National Division Champions: 2009
References
1964 births
Living people
Soccer people from Quebec
Association football forwards
ES Troyes AC players
French footballers
French football managers
Trois-Rivières Attak coaches
CF Montréal non-playing staff
Canadian Soccer League (2006–present) managers
Sportspeople from Troyes
Footballers from Grand Est
French expatriate football managers
French expatriate sportspeople in Canada
Expatriate soccer managers in Canada
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6903380
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taisia%20Chenchik
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Taisia Chenchik
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Taisiya Filipivna Chenchik (; 30 January 1936 – 19 November 2013) was a Soviet high jumper. She competed at the 1960 and 1964 Olympics and finished fifth and third, respectively. At the European championships she won a gold medal in 1966 and a silver in 1958. Chenchik also won the high jump event at the 1963 Universiade, 1967 European Indoor Championships, USSR-USA dual meets (1958–59, 1962–63, 1965) and Soviet championships (1957–59 and 1962).
Chenchik was born in Ukraine in 1936. In 1941, when Germany invaded Ukraine during World War II, her family was evacuated to Chelyabinsk. There she took up athletics while studying at the Chelyabinsk Polytechnic Institute. In 1959 she graduated in electrical engineering, and then worked as a lecturer at the same institute (1959–62) and at the Moscow Power Engineering Institute (1963–91). In retirement she headed Moscow Veteran’s Athletics Federation and was a board member of the Moscow Athletics Federation.
References
1936 births
Soviet female high jumpers
Ukrainian female high jumpers
Olympic bronze medalists for the Soviet Union
Athletes (track and field) at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes of the Soviet Union
Burevestnik (sports society) athletes
2013 deaths
European Athletics Championships medalists
Medalists at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists in athletics (track and field)
Universiade medalists in athletics (track and field)
Universiade gold medalists for the Soviet Union
Medalists at the 1963 Summer Universiade
Sportspeople from Chernihiv Oblast
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44503792
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siegel%20operator
|
Siegel operator
|
In mathematics, the Siegel operator is a linear map from (level 1) Siegel modular forms of degree d to Siegel modular forms of degree d − 1, generalizing taking the constant term of a modular form. The kernel is the space of Siegel cusp forms of degree d.
References
Automorphic forms
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17336397
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanocyma
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Melanocyma
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Melanocyma is a monotypic butterfly genus in the subfamily Morphinae of the family Nymphalidae. Its one species Melanocyma faunula, the pallid faun, is restricted to Burma, Malaya, Thailand and Indochina in the Indomalayan realm.
The wingspan of M. faunula is at around 90 millimetres. Individuals found in lowland forests are often smaller than specimens of M. faunula found on hills.
There are two subspecies, M. f. kimurai and M. f. faunula
Life History
M. faunula individuals are known to breed in primary rainforest. They are often seen in flight in the mid-story of primary rainforest. Individuals are often known to be baited with rotting fruit. They are known to be commonly found in hill stations.
The Pallid Faun's larvae feed on Orania sylvicola. Their eggs hatch after 11 days, hatching within 12 hours. The eggs are 1.1 millimeters in diameter, and are yellow in colour changing to black with time. The Pallid Faun exhibits similar egg laying and feeding behaviour with Taenaris onolaus.
Gallery
References
External links
Images representing Melanocyma at Bold
TOL
Amathusiini
Butterflies of Indochina
Monotypic butterfly genera
Taxa named by John O. Westwood
Nymphalidae genera
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17336410
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burley%20Hill
|
Burley Hill
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Burley Hill is a hamlet in the Erewash district, in the county if Derbyshire, England. It is located one mile north of Allestree. Burley Hill was the location of a pottery in the 13th and 14th centuries and some of those pots are preserved in Derby Museum.
References
Hamlets in Derbyshire
Borough of Erewash
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23578696
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarlo%20River
|
Tarlo River
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The Tarlo River, a perennial river that is part of the Hawkesbury-Nepean catchment, is located in the Southern Tablelands and Southern Highlands regions of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
The Tarlo River rises within the Great Dividing Range, near the locality of Middle Arm east of Crookwell, and flows generally south southeast, north, and then east, joined by one minor tributary, before reaching its confluence with the Wollondilly River near Mount Penong, east of Taralga. The river descends over its course and it flows through the Tarlo River National Park.
See also
List of rivers of New South Wales (L–Z)
List of rivers of Australia
Rivers of New South Wales
References
Rivers of New South Wales
Southern Highlands (New South Wales)
Upper Lachlan Shire
Wollondilly Shire
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17336439
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Percy%20Bargery
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George Percy Bargery
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George Percy Bargery (1 October 1876 – 2 August 1966) was an English missionary and linguist from Exeter, Devon.
Bargery was born in Exeter, where he was educated at Hele's School and Islington College. After attending the University of London, Bargery was ordained with the Church Missionary Society in 1899.
Bargery joined the Colonial Education Service and was sent to Northern Nigeria, serving until 1910. He published a Hausa-English Dictionary in 1934 that remains widely referenced and is available in several online versions. The dictionary was recognised as a tremendous achievement, and his alma mater, the University of London, rewarded him with a Doctorate in Literature in 1937. He also worked as a lecturer in the professor of Hausa at the university for several years while working in London on his dictionary.
He was married to Eliza Minnie "Nina" Turner from 1906 to her death in 1932. They had one son. He remarried in 1940 to Minnie Jane Martin, who died in 1952. In 1966, he died suddenly at his son's home in Tring, Hertfordshire, at age 90.
He was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 1957 Birthday Honours. He returned to England from Nigeria permanently in 1957.
According to the School of Oriental and African Studies Library in London, where Bargery's collected papers are on deposit, his Hausa-English dictionary contained "the first tonal analysis of the Hausa language".
Publications
References
External links
Bargery's Hausa-English Dictionary Online
Bargery's Hausa-English Dictionary Online
Archives in London and the M25 Area
1876 births
1966 deaths
Linguists from England
English Anglican missionaries
Clergy from Exeter
Anglican missionaries in Nigeria
Missionary linguists
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Alumni of the University of London
Colonial Education Service officers
People educated at Hele's School, Exeter
Linguists of Hausa
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6903382
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thelma%20Hopkins%20%28athlete%29
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Thelma Hopkins (athlete)
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Thelma Elizabeth Hopkins (born 16 March 1936) is a Northern Irish athlete, who competed in the high and the long jump.
On 5 May 1956 she broke the world record in high jump in Belfast with a jump of 1.74 metres, breaking the record of 1.73 metres set by Aleksandra Chudina of the USSR on 22 May 1954. Her record was broken on 14 July 1956 in Bucharest by Iolanda Balaș of Romania.
Her achievement in breaking the world record is commemorated by a plaque in Cherryvale Playing Fields, South Belfast.
Hopkins was born in Kingston upon Hull. She competed for Great Britain in the 1956 Summer Olympics held in Melbourne, Australia, in the high jump event, where she won the silver medal jointly with Maria Pisareva. In the 1954 Commonwealth Games she won a gold medal for Northern Ireland.
As well as athletics she excelled at hockey where she was a regular choice for the Ireland women's national field hockey team, playing at forward and winning 40 caps. She also represented Ireland as an international Squash player.
She was one of many signatories in a letter to The Times on 17 July 1958 opposing 'the policy of apartheid' in international sport and defending 'the principle of racial equality which is embodied in the Declaration of the Olympic Games'.
References
Brown, Geoff and Hogsbjerg, Christian. Apartheid is not a Game: Remembering the Stop the Seventy Tour campaign. London: Redwords, 2020. .
1936 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Kingston upon Hull
Female high jumpers from Northern Ireland
Olympic athletes of Great Britain
Olympic silver medallists for Great Britain
Athletes (track and field) at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1956 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1956 Summer Olympics
Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Northern Ireland
Commonwealth Games medallists in athletics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games
Athletes (track and field) at the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games
European Athletics Championships medalists
Olympic silver medalists in athletics (track and field)
Universiade medalists in athletics (track and field)
Ireland international women's field hockey players
Irish female field hockey players
Female field hockey players from Northern Ireland
Irish female squash players
Universiade bronze medalists for Great Britain
Medalists at the 1961 Summer Universiade
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17336463
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpay
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Alpay
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Alpay is a masculine Turkish given name, and a surname. It derives from "alp". In Turkish, "alp" means "stouthearted", "brave", "chivalrous", "daredevil", "valorous", and/or "gallant".
Notable persons with that name include:
People with the given name
Alpay (singer), Turkish singer
Alpay Özalan (born 1973), Turkish footballer
Alpay Şalt, Turkish musician, member of the band Yüksek Sadakat
People with the surname
David Alpay (born 1980), Canadian actor
Turkish masculine given names
Turkish-language surnames
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6903384
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentyna%20Kozyr
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Valentyna Kozyr
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Valentyna Kozyr () (born 25 April 1950) is a former Soviet athlete who competed mainly in the high jump.
Kozyr trained at Dynamo in Kiev. She competed for the USSR in the 1968 Summer Olympics held in Mexico City in the high jump where she won the bronze medal.
References
Sports Reference
1950 births
Soviet female high jumpers
Ukrainian female high jumpers
Dynamo sports society athletes
Olympic bronze medalists for the Soviet Union
Athletes (track and field) at the 1968 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes of the Soviet Union
Living people
Medalists at the 1968 Summer Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists in athletics (track and field)
Sportspeople from Chernivtsi
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23578701
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taylors%20Arm%20%28New%20South%20Wales%29
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Taylors Arm (New South Wales)
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Taylors Arm is a perennial river of the Nambucca River catchment, located in the Mid North Coast region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Taylors Arm rises within New England National Park on the eastern slopes of Killiekrankie Mountain, below the Dorrigo Plateau that is part of the Great Dividing Range. The river flows generally southeast and then east northeast, joined by two minor tributaries, before reaching its confluence with the Nambucca River northwest of Macksville. The river descends over its course.
See also
List of rivers of New South Wales (L–Z)
List of rivers of Australia
Rivers of New South Wales
Taylors Arm
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
Mid North Coast
Nambucca Shire
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17336469
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIDPoint
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HIDPoint
|
HIDPoint is proprietary Linux software for USB Keyboards and Mice. Currently it supports most Logitech keyboards and mice. It runs on many Linux distributions such as RHEL, SUSE, Ubuntu and Fedora. HIDPoint has been designed to give users using USB Mice and Keyboards the same experience they get when using these devices on Microsoft Windows.
Features
Allows users to fully utilize the functionality provided by their hardware.
Allows full use of Multimedia buttons, “Office” keys, and Programmable keys.
Users have the same experience as in Windows.
Single binary distribution for all supported Operating systems.
GUI Installer and Uninstaller.
No run time dependencies to install.
Currently supported platforms
Ubuntu 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat)
Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid Lynx)
Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala)
Ubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope)
Linux Mint 9 (Isadora)
Linux Mint 8 (Helena)
Linux Mint 7 (Gloria)
Linux Mint 6 (Felicia)
Debian 5
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.0
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0
CentOS 5.0
Suse 10.2
Suse 10.1
Suse 10.0
Mandriva 2008 and 2010
Fedora Core 6.0
Fedora Core 4.0
SMP (multi-processor/multi-core) are not yet supported.
64bit drivers are available for selected Platforms.
Currently supported mice
Logitech Cordless Mouse for Notebooks
Logitech Cordless Click
Logitech MX 1000 Laser Mouse
Logitech Media Play Cordless
Logitech V500 Cordless Mouse
Logitech G3/MX518 Optical Mouse
Logitech Cordless Click Plus
Logitech V200 Cordless Mouse
Logitech Cordless Mini Optical Mouse
Logitech LX7 Cordless Optical Mouse
Logitech LX5 Cordless Optical Mouse
Logitech G5 Laser Mouse
Logitech G7 Laser Mouse
Logitech MX610 Laser Cordless Mouse
Logitech MX610 Left Handed Laser Cordless Mouse
Logitech G1 Optical Mouse
Logitech MX400 Laser Mouse
Logitech G3 Laser Mouse
Logitech V450 Laser Mouse
Logitech VX Revolution
Logitech MX Air mouse
Logitech MX Revolution
Logitech MX 600 Cordless Laser
Logitech LX7 Cordless Laser Mouse
Logitech MX 620 Cordless Laser
Logitech V220 Cordless Optical
Logitech LX8 Cordless Optical Mouse
Logitech VX Nano
Logitech LX8 Cordless Optical Mouse
Logitech LX6 Cordless Optical Mouse
Logitech V450 Laser Mouse
Logitech MX 700 Cordless Optical Mouse
Logitech MX 900
Currently supported keyboards
Logitech LX 500 Cordless Keyboard
Logitech LX 501 Cordless Keyboard
Logitech LX 300 Cordless Keyboard
Logitech Numeric Keypad
Logitech Cordless Ultra Flat Keyboard
Logitech EX 110 Series Keyboard
Logitech Media Keyboard Elite
Logitech MX 3000 Keyboard
Logitech S510 Keyboard
Logitech Comfort Keyboard
Logitech LX 710 Keyboard
Logitech MX 3200 Keyboard
Logitech Easy Call Keyboard
Logitech Wave Cordless Keyboard
Logitech Wave Corded Keyboard
Other keyboard/mice software
Microsoft IntelliPoint
Logitech SetPoint
External links
HIDPoint download page
Linux software
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23578703
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telegherry%20River
|
Telegherry River
|
Telegherry River, a perennial river of the Mid-Coast Council system, is located in the Mid North Coast and Upper Hunter regions of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Telegherry River rises on the southeastern slopes of the Williams Range within the Great Dividing Range, below The Mountaineer, southwest of Gloucester, and flows generally south southeast and east, before reaching its confluence with the Karuah River north of Dungog. The river descends over its course.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers in New South Wales (L-Z)
List of rivers of Australia
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
Mid-Coast Council
Rivers of the Hunter Region
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6903386
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yordanka%20Blagoeva
|
Yordanka Blagoeva
|
Yordanka Blagoeva (; born 19 January 1947) is a former Bulgarian high jumper. She competed at the 1968, 1972, 1976 and 1980 Olympics and finished in 17th, 2nd (silver medal), 3rd (bronze medal) and 16th place, respectively. She won the high jump at the 1965 Summer Universiade and 1973 European Athletics Indoor Championships. On 24 September 1972 she became the first Bulgarian athlete to break a world record. Next year she also set a new indoor high jump record, and was ranked as the best high jumper in Europe.
In 1972 Blagova graduated from a Sports Academy. She later served as president of Bulgarian aerobics federation.
She is considered to be one of Bulgaria's top athletes. In 2017, when she was aged 70, the documentary film Beyond the Jump was made to cover her life and career.
References
1947 births
Bulgarian female high jumpers
People from Montana, Bulgaria
Olympic bronze medalists for Bulgaria
Olympic silver medalists for Bulgaria
Athletes (track and field) at the 1968 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1976 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes of Bulgaria
World record setters in athletics (track and field)
Living people
Medalists at the 1976 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Olympic silver medalists in athletics (track and field)
Olympic bronze medalists in athletics (track and field)
Universiade medalists in athletics (track and field)
People from Montana Province
Universiade gold medalists for Bulgaria
Medalists at the 1965 Summer Universiade
|
6903411
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warri%20Township%20Stadium
|
Warri Township Stadium
|
Warri Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Warri, Nigeria on Cemetery Road. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the regular home of former Warri Wolves F.C. The stadium hosted the final tournament for the 2006 Women's African Football Championship and has a capacity of 20,000 people, all covered. It was renovated for the 2009 FIFA U-17 World Cup.
International standard track and field facilities were installed in preparation for the 2013 African Youth Athletics Championships. The Timetronics Electronic Distance Measurement system was the first of its kind to be used in the country.</ref>
References
External links
Pictures (Delta State government site)
Essien, Kanoute, Adebayor to Play in Warri for Okocha
Delta shut down Warri Stadium
Football venues in Nigeria
Delta State
Multi-purpose stadiums in Nigeria
Athletics (track and field) venues in Nigeria
Warri
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23578710
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Branch%20River
|
The Branch River
|
The Branch River, a watercourse of the Mid-Coast Council system, is located in the Mid North Coast and Upper Hunter regions of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
The Branch River rises on south west of the settlement of Crawford River, below Girvan, south southwest of Bulahdelah, and flows generally south and then southwest, joined by five minor tributaries, before reaching its confluence with the Karuah River north of Karuah. The river descends over its course.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers in New South Wales (L-Z)
List of rivers of Australia
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
Mid-Coast Council
Rivers of the Hunter Region
|
23578715
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thone%20River
|
Thone River
|
Thone River, a perennial stream of the Hastings River catchment, is located in the Mid North Coast region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Thone River rises on the eastern slopes of Mount Gibraltar, within the Gibraltar Range, and flows generally north northeast for before reaching its confluence with the Hastings River.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of New South Wales (A–K)
List of rivers of Australia
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
Mid North Coast
Port Macquarie-Hastings Council
|
6903417
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monday%20at%20the%20Hug%20%26%20Pint
|
Monday at the Hug & Pint
|
Monday at the Hug & Pint is the fifth studio album by Scottish indie rock band Arab Strap. It was released in Europe on 21 April 2003 by Chemikal Underground and in the United States a day later by Matador Records. The album features appearances from Conor Oberst and Mike Mogis of Bright Eyes and Barry Burns of Mogwai, among others.
The title of the album refers to The Hug & Pint Bar and Club, formerly located in Falkirk, Scotland. An independent live music venue, "The Hug and Pint", on the Great Western Road in Glasgow, was later named after the album.
Reception
In December 2009, Monday at the Hug & Pint placed at number 7 on The Skinny's "Scottish Albums of the Decade". Upon receiving the accolade, Malcolm Middleton stated:
The Twilight Sad vocalist James Graham lists the album amongst his favourite releases of the 2000s, noting that it was the first Arab Strap album he had listened to and the first album to make him realise that "it was OK to sing in your own accent", while praising Aidan Moffat as "one of the best lyricists of the past two decades".
Track listing
Charts
References
External links
Official Arab Strap discography
Chemikal Underground albums
Arab Strap (band) albums
2003 albums
|
23578717
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tia%20River
|
Tia River
|
Tia River , a perennial stream of the Macleay River catchment, is located in the Northern Tablelands district of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
The river rises below Mount Grundy on the eastern slopes of the Great Dividing Range southwest of Tia, and flows generally northeast before reaching its confluence with the Apsley River, northwest of Tia. The river descends over its course; spilling over the Tia Falls in the Oxley Wild Rivers National Park.
The river is transversed by the Oxley Highway.
Previously the river was known as Crimps Creek and also Crokers River which John Oxley had named this stream, in honour of the First Secretary of the Admiralty.
The country above the Tia Falls is a rich grazing area used for rearing livestock. The upper parts of the Tia River have remarkable cool temperate rainforests, with unusual species such as Southern Sassafras, White Mountain Banksia and Black Olive Berry.
Tia River is a general trout stream.
Gallery
See also
List of rivers of Australia
Rivers of New South Wales
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
Northern Tablelands
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23578721
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/So%20Many%20Ways%20%28Brook%20Benton%20song%29
|
So Many Ways (Brook Benton song)
|
"So Many Ways" is a 1959 single by Brook Benton written by Bobby Stevenson. The single was Benton's third release to hit number one on the R&B singles chart in 1959. "So Many Ways" hit the number one spot for three non-consecutive weeks and was also Benton's second top ten pop hit, peaking at number six.
Chart positions
References
1959 singles
Mercury Records singles
Brook Benton songs
1959 songs
Songs written by Brook Benton
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23578723
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timbarra%20River%20%28New%20South%20Wales%29
|
Timbarra River (New South Wales)
|
Timbarra River, a mostly perennial stream of the Clarence River catchment, is located in the Northern Tablelands district of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Timbarra River rises on the slopes of Gibraltar Range, east of Bald Nob, and flows generally north northeast, joined by four minor tributaries before reaching its confluence with the Clarence River, south southwest of Tabulam. The river descends over its course; and flows through the Gibraltar Range National Park in its upper reaches. Between Tenterfield and Grafton, the course of Timbarra River flows adjacent to the Bruxner Highway.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
References
Rivers of New South Wales
Northern Tablelands
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23578728
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobins%20River
|
Tobins River
|
Tobins River, a perennial stream of the Hastings River catchment, is located in the Northern Tablelands and Mid North Coast districts of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Tobins River rises below Mount Seaview, on the south-eastern slopes of the Great Dividing Range within Cotton Bimbang National Park, near the village of Myrtle Scrub, and flows generally east southeast, before reaching its confluence with the Hastings River, west of Birdwood. The river descends over its course.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of New South Wales (L-Z)
List of rivers of Australia
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
Mid North Coast
Northern Tablelands
Walcha Shire
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6903423
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neck%20%28band%29
|
Neck (band)
|
Neck are a six-piece London-Irish Celtic punk band from the North London neighborhood of Holloway. Following their frontman's cathartic 'Tour of Duty' as a member of the original line-up of Shane MacGowan and the Popes, Neck were 'born in a bottle' during late-night drinking sessions in 1994 by a mixture of Irish emigrant and second-generation Irish drinking buddies. The band takes their lead, both musically and ideologically, from two other London bands: The Clash and The Pogues, blending Punk rock with traditional Irish music to play a London-Irish style known as 'Psycho-Ceilídh'.
History
Initially playing exclusively on the London Irish bar circuit, their name was serendipitously gleaned from the reaction to their approach by the exasperated (Irish) landlord at their first ever gig. The landlord cursed them with an old Irish saying using the term "neck" – implying high levels of nerve or impudence.
After this initial period, whereby the band learned their craft and consolidated their line-up, they branched-out considerably, both aspirationally and geographically: touring extensively throughout the US, Europe, UK, and Ireland, leading to them playing a large number of international festivals. Such festivals include: Tantsy festival in Moscow Hermitage Garden; Dublin Irish Festival, Ohio – the second-largest Irish festival in the US; SXSW in Texas & their good friends' Flogging Molly's Salty Dog cruise out of Miami, also in the US; Paas Pop in Holland; The West Belfast Féile an Phobail in The North and The Waterford Spraoi in The Republic in Ireland; Berlin's Punk & Disorderly festival four times, as well as With Full Force in Germany; while, in the UK, they have played their largest festival, Glastonbury, six times, as well as The Levellers own festival Beautiful Days four, Solfest three, Boomtown Fair twice and the Rebellion Festival, ten times.
Their music reflects the life experience of the emigrant and second-generation Irish diaspora, with their frontman's voice and song-writing being considered both faithful to the form, and in direct lineage from his former band-leader and mentor, Shane MacGowan. Neck have released four albums to date, with their third album, Sod 'Em & Begorrah!, being picked out for particularly high praise by being judged, variously, the second and third greatest Celtic punk album of all time, the former above, and the latter behind only The Pogues and Flogging Molly.
They have also appeared on numerous compilation albums, and their natural London inclusiveness and punk sensibilities came well to the fore on their Joe Strummer-inspired anti-racism / pro-inclusiveness anthem "Everybody's Welcome to the Hooley!", which charted in the UK Indie Chart in 2006. Famously, the song was written as an immediate reaction to Far-right Skinheads violently disrupting an ostensibly 'No Politics' festival they were playing at in Belgium. Their frontman, incensed by how wrong these people were about punk rock, and inspired by the incendiary memory of seeing The Clash live in 1977, wrote the song in five minutes, taught it to the band before they went onstage, and played it at the far-right skinheads, invoking the whole crowd to chant Joe Strummer, prior to doing so. Making it clear, in the process, that being a London band, inspired by The Clash and the 1978 Rock Against Racism festival, and being an Irish band having both Catholics and Protestants in the band made them, intrinsically, political. The version of the song on the single also references and is dedicated to, Stephen Lawrence and Anthony Walker, both of them being black British teenagers murdered in racially motivated attacks. Proceeds from the single went to Love Music Hate Racism.
Their music can also be heard on various motion picture soundtracks: on the "surreal" Pirates of the White Sand short (2005); The Emerald Diamond, a 2006 documentary film about the Irish National Baseball Team – contributing four songs, including the traditional "Star of the County Down" and the original "Every Day's Saint Patrick's Day"; the Boston-set Gang War Shoot-'em Up Beantown (2007); and the "Capraesque" homage to 'Small Town America Coming of Age' The Supermarket (2009). They also appear performing two songs, the traditional "Carrickfergus" and the original "The Ferry Fare", in the 1999, Belfast-set, Film 4 romantic comedy-drama With or Without You, directed by Michael Winterbottom.
With over half their members drawn from the renowned London Irish traditional music session scene, their musicianship has earned them much respect and admiration. Staying true to those roots, they often perform acoustic 'Unplugged / Irish traditional music session' sets, at times alongside full electric ones, with one such performance, at 'The Irish House' during the celebrated London 2012 Olympics, enhancing their reputation (of passionate playing, 'knowing how to 'be' and their front-man 'wearing his heart on his sleeve') sufficiently that they were chosen by the Irish Cultural Centre in London to have the honour of performing such a Seisiún at the Reception for the Irish Paralympic team at the London 2012 Paralympics, in order to set the right encouraging Irish tone and ambience prior to them participating in the Opening ceremony. Accordingly, their front-man has also been given the honor by Sinn Féin, to host such sessions for any social functions that they stage in London, including the centenary celebrations for the Easter Rising in Portcullis House.
This reputation has led to various members being invited to collaborate both live and on other band's recordings. The most well known is their front-man guesting, on banjo, with the Alabama 3 (alongside Segs of Ruts DC), and co-writing an original song "That's It, I Quit" on the Hayseed Dixie album No Covers. He has also played in the folk punk supergroup Folk Finger alongside Cush and Ricky McGuire from The Men They Couldn't Hang and his old band-mate Danny Heatley from The Popes – including touring Ireland and an eventful New Year's Eve show in Prague; and also 'depped' for the front-man of Steampunk band The Men That Will Not Be Blamed for Nothing at the Glastonbury Festival. Collaboration can work the other way too, with their former member, Leigh Heggarty now of Ruts DC guesting live periodically.
This has all led to them being recognised as one of the leading bands on the international Celtic punk and folk punk scenes, alongside their US contemporaries Dropkick Murphys and Flogging Molly, with the Boston-based website covering the Celtic punk scene, Shite 'n' Onions, being named after one of their tunes, and bands as far flung as in Germany and the United States now cover their songs, while their front-man even gets name-checked in songs by other bands.
Discography
Albums
2001: Necked (A Few Odds From the Oul' Sods)
2004: Here's Mud in Yer Eye!
2005: Sod 'Em & Begorrah!
2009: Come Out Fighting! (UK)
2010: Come Out Fighting! (US & Canada; Europe)
Singles and EPs
1999: The Psycho-Ceilídh EP
2002: The Fields of Athenry 'World Cup single'
2006: Everybody's Welcome to the Hooley! – proceeds go to Love Music Hate Racism
Movie soundtracks
1999: With or Withbout You (+ performance appearance)
2005: Pirates of the White Sand
2006: The Emerald Diamond
2007: Beantown
2009: The Supermarket
References
External links
Neck O'fficial website
Online store
YouTube channel
Celtic punk groups
Folk punk groups
Irish punk rock groups
Musical groups from London
British punk rock groups
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6903437
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporal%20analysis%20of%20products
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Temporal analysis of products
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Temporal Analysis of Products (TAP), (TAP-2), (TAP-3) is an experimental technique for studying
the kinetics of physico-chemical interactions
between gases and complex solid materials, primarily heterogeneous catalysts.
The TAP methodology is based on short pulse-response experiments at low background pressure (10−6-102 Pa),
which are used to probe different steps in a catalytic process on the surface of a
porous material including diffusion, adsorption,
surface reactions, and desorption.
History
Since its invention by Dr. John T. Gleaves (then at Monsanto Company) in late 1980s,
TAP has been used to study a variety of industrially and academically relevant catalytic reactions, bridging the gap between surface science
experiments and applied catalysis.
The state-of-the-art TAP installations (TAP-3) do not only provide better signal-to-noise ratio than the first generation TAP machines (TAP-1),
but also allow for advanced automation and direct coupling with other techniques.
Hardware
TAP instrument consists of a heated packed-bed microreactor connected to a high-throughput vacuum system,
a pulsing manifold with fast electromagnetically-driven gas injectors, and a Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer (QMS)
located in the vacuum system below the micro-reactor outlet.
Experiments
In a typical TAP pulse-response experiment, very small (~10−9 mol) and narrow (~100 μs) gas pulses are introduced into the evacuated (~10−6 torr) microreactor
containing a catalytic sample. While the injected gas molecules traverse the microreactor packing through the interstitial voids,
they encounter the catalyst on which they may undergo chemical transformations. Unconverted and newly formed gas molecules eventually
reach the reactor's outlet and escape into an adjacent vacuum chamber, where they are detected with millisecond time resolution
by the QMS. The exit-flow rates of reactants, products and inert molecules recorded by the QMS are then
used to quantify catalytic properties and deduce reaction mechanisms. The same TAP instrument can
typically accommodate other types of kinetic measurements, including atmospheric pressure flow experiments (105 Pa),
Temperature-Programmed Desorption (TPD), and Steady-State Isotopic Transient Kinetic Analysis (SSITKA).
Data analysis
The general methodology of TAP data analysis, developed in a series of papers by Grigoriy (Gregory) Yablonsky
,
is based on comparing an inert gas response which is controlled only by Knudsen diffusion
with a reactive gas response which is controlled by diffusion as well as adsorption and chemical reactions on the catalyst sample.
TAP pulse-response experiments can be effectively modeled by a one-dimensional (1D) diffusion equation with uniquely simple combination of boundary conditions.
References
Inorganic reactions
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17336491
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic%20history%20of%20the%20British%20Isles
|
Genetic history of the British Isles
|
The genetic history of the British Isles is the subject of research within the larger field of human population genetics. It has developed in parallel with DNA testing technologies capable of identifying genetic similarities and differences between both modern and ancient populations. The conclusions of population genetics regarding the British Isles in turn draw upon and contribute to the larger field of understanding the history of the human occupation of the area, complementing work in linguistics, archaeology, history and genealogy.
Research concerning the most important routes of migration into the British Isles is the subject of debate. Apart from the most obvious route across the narrowest point of the English Channel into Kent, other routes may have been important over the millennia, including a land bridge in the Mesolithic period, as well as maritime connections along the Atlantic coasts.
The periods of the most important migrations are contested. The Neolithic introduction of farming technologies from Europe is frequently proposed as a period of major change in the British Isles. Such technology could either have been learned by locals from a small number of immigrants or have been introduced by colonists who significantly changed the population.
Other potentially important historical periods of migration that have been subject to consideration in this field include the introduction of Celtic languages and technologies (during the Bronze and Iron Ages), the Roman era, the period of Anglo-Saxon influx, the Viking era, the Norman invasion of 1066 and the era of the European wars of religion.
History of research
Early studies by Luigi Cavalli-Sforza used polymorphisms from proteins found within human blood (such as the ABO blood groups, Rhesus blood antigens, HLA loci, immunoglobulins, G6PD isoenzymes, amongst others). One of the lasting proposals of this study with regards to Europe is that within most of the continent the majority of genetic diversity may best be explained by immigration coming from the southeast towards the northwest or in other words from the Middle East towards Britain and Ireland. Cavalli-Sforza proposed at the time that the invention of agriculture might be the best explanation for this.
With the advent of DNA analysis modern populations were sampled for mitochondrial DNA to study the female line of descent and Y chromosome DNA to study male descent. As opposed to large scale sampling within the autosomal DNA, Y DNA and mitochondrial DNA represent specific types of genetic descent and can therefore reflect only particular aspects of past human movement. Later projects began to use autosomal DNA to gather a more complete picture of an individual's genome. For Britain, major research projects aimed at collecting data include the Oxford Genetic Atlas Project (OGAP) and more recently the People of the British Isles, also associated with Oxford.
Owing to the difficulty of modelling the contributions of historical migration events to modern populations based purely on modern genetic data, such studies often varied significantly in their conclusions. One early Y DNA study estimated a complete genetic replacement by the Anglo-Saxons, whilst another argued that it was impossible to distinguish between the contributions of the Anglo-Saxons and Vikings and that the contribution of the latter may even have been higher. A third study argued that there was no Viking influence on British populations at all outside Orkney. Stephen Oppenheimer and Bryan Sykes, meanwhile, claimed that the majority of the DNA in the British Isles had originated from a prehistoric migration from the Iberian peninsula and that subsequent invasions had had little genetic input.
In the last decade, improved technologies for extracting ancient DNA have allowed researchers to study the genetic impacts of these migrations in more detail. This led to Oppenheimer and Sykes' conclusions about the origins of the British being seriously challenged, since later research demonstrated that the majority of the DNA of much of continental Europe, including Britain and Ireland, is ultimately derived from Steppe invaders from the east rather than Iberia. This research has also suggested that subsequent migrations, such as that of the Anglo-Saxons, did have large genetic effects (though these effects varied from place to place).
Analyses of nuclear and ancient DNA
Mesolithic population
Mesolithic Britons were closely related to other Mesolithic people throughout Western Europe. This population probably had pale-coloured eyes, lactose intolerance, dark curly or wavy hair and dark to very dark skin.
Continental Neolithic farmers
The transition to the Neolithic in the British Isles ( 4,000 BC) went along with a significant population shift. Neolithic individuals were close to Iberian and Central European Early and Middle Neolithic populations, modelled as having about 75% ancestry from Anatolian farmers with the rest coming from Western Hunter-Gatherers (WHG) in continental Europe. This suggests that farming was brought to the British Isles by sea from north-west mainland Europe, by a population that was, or became in succeeding generations, relatively large. In some regions, British Neolithic individuals had a small amount (about 10%) of WHG excess ancestry when compared with Iberian Early Neolithic farmers, suggesting that there was an additional gene flow from British Mesolithic hunter-gatherers into the newly arrived farmer population: while Neolithic individuals from Wales have no detectable admixture of local Western hunter-gatherer genes, those from South East England and Scotland show the highest additional admixture of local WHG genes, and those from South-West and Central England are intermediate.
Bronze Age European Bell Beaker People
According to Olalde et al. (2018), the spread of the Bell Beaker culture to Britain from the lower Rhine area in the early Bronze Age introduced high levels of steppe-related ancestry, resulting in a near-complete transformation of the local gene pool within a few centuries, replacing about 90% of the local Neolithic-derived lineages between 2,400 BC and 2,000 BC. These people exhibiting the Beaker culture were likely an offshoot of the Corded Ware culture, as they had little genetic affinity to the Iberian Beaker people. In addition to the large steppe-derived component, they had a smaller proportion of continental Neolithic and Western Hunter Gatherer DNA. The Modern British and Irish likely derive most of their ancestry from this Beaker culture population. According to geneticist David Reich, southern Britain saw an increase in Neolithic DNA around the Iron Age to the Roman Period, which may be attributable to a resurgence of the native Neolithic-derived population or to Celtic Iron Age or Roman period migrations.
An earlier study had estimated that the modern English population derived somewhat just over half of their ancestry from a combination of Neolithic and Western Hunter Gatherer ancestry, with the steppe-derived (Yamnaya-like) element making up the remainder. Scotland was found to have both more Steppe and more Western Hunter Gatherer ancestry than England. These proportions are similar to other Northwest European populations.
Anglo-Saxons
Researchers have used ancient DNA to determine the nature of the Anglo-Saxon settlement, as well as its impact on modern populations in the British Isles.
One 2016 study, using Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon era DNA found at grave sites in Cambridgeshire, calculated that ten modern-day eastern English samples had 38% Anglo-Saxon ancestry on average whilst ten Welsh and Scottish samples each had 30% Anglo-Saxon ancestry, with a large statistical spread in all cases. However, the authors noted that the similarity observed between the various sample groups was possibly due to more recent internal migration.
Another 2016 study conducted using evidence from burials found in northern England found that a significant genetic difference was present in bodies from the Iron Age and the Roman period on the one hand and the Anglo-Saxon period on the other. Samples from modern-day Wales were found to be similar to those from the Iron Age and Roman burials whilst samples from much of modern England, East Anglia in particular, were closer to the Anglo-Saxon-era burial. This was found to demonstrate a "profound impact" from the Anglo-Saxon migrations on the modern English gene pool, though no specific percentages were given in the study.
A third study combined the ancient data from both of the preceding studies and compared it to a large number of modern samples from across Britain and Ireland. This study concluded that modern southern, central and eastern English populations were of "a predominantly Anglo-Saxon-like ancestry" whilst those from northern and southwestern England had a greater degree of indigenous origin.
Vikings
Historical and toponymic evidence suggests a substantial Viking migration to many parts of northern Britain; however, particularly in the case of the Danish settlers, differentiating their genetic contribution to modern populations from that of the Anglo-Saxons has posed difficulties.
A study published in 2020, which used ancient DNA from across the Viking world in addition to modern data, noted that ancient samples from Denmark showed similarities to samples from both modern Denmark and modern England. Whilst most of this similarity was attributed to the earlier settlement of the Anglo-Saxons, the authors of the study noted that British populations also carried a small amount of "Swedish-like" ancestry that was present in the Danish Vikings but unlikely to have been associated with the Anglo-Saxons. From this, it was calculated that the modern English population has approximately 6% Danish Viking ancestry, with Scottish and Irish populations having up to 16%. Additionally, populations from all areas of Britain and Ireland were found to have 3–4% Norwegian Viking ancestry.
Irish populations
A 2015 study using data from the Neolithic and Bronze Ages showed a considerable genetic difference between individuals during the two periods, which was interpreted as being the result of a migration from the Pontic steppes. The individuals from the latter period, with significant steppe ancestry, showed strong similarities to modern Irish population groups. The study concluded that "these findings together suggest the establishment of central aspects of the Irish genome 4,000 years ago."
Another study, using modern autosomal data, found a large degree of genetic similarity between populations from northeastern Ireland, southern Scotland and Cumbria. This was interpreted as reflecting the legacy of the Plantation of Ulster in the 17th century.
Haplogroups
Mitochondrial DNA
Bryan Sykes broke mitochondrial results into twelve haplogroups for various regions of the isles:
Haplogroup H
Haplogroup I
Haplogroup J
Haplogroup T
Haplogroup V
Haplogroup W
Haplogroup X
Haplogroup U
...and within U...
Haplogroup U2
Haplogroup U3
Haplogroup U4
Haplogroup U5
Sykes found that the maternal haplogroup pattern was similar throughout England but with a distinct trend from east and north to west and south. Minor haplogroups were mainly found in the east of England. Sykes found Haplogroup H to be dominant in Ireland and Wales, though a few differences were found between north, mid and south Wales—there was a closer link between north and mid-Wales than either had with the south.
Studies of ancient DNA have demonstrated that ancient Britons and Anglo-Saxon settlers carried a variety of mtDNA haplogroups, though type H was common in both.
Y chromosome DNA
Sykes also designated five main Y-DNA haplogroups for various regions of Britain and Ireland.
Haplogroup R1b
Haplogroup R1a
Haplogroup I
Haplogroup E1b1b
Haplogroup J
Haplogroup R1b is dominant throughout Western Europe. While it was once seen as a lineage connecting Britain and Ireland to Iberia, where it is also common, it is now believed that both R1b and R1a entered Europe with Indo-European migrants likely originating around the Black Sea; R1a and R1b are now the most common haplotypes in Europe.
One common R1b subclade in Britain is R1b-U106, which reaches its highest frequencies in North Sea areas such as southern and eastern England, the Netherlands and Denmark. Due to its distribution, this subclade is often associated with the Anglo-Saxon migrations. Ancient DNA has shown that it was also present in Roman Britain, possibly among descendants of Germanic mercenaries.
Ireland, Scotland, Wales and northwestern England are dominated by R1b-L21, which is also found in northwestern France (Brittany), the north coast of Spain (Galicia), and western Norway. This lineage is often associated with the historic Celts, as most of the regions where it is predominant have had a significant Celtic language presence into the modern period and associate with a Celtic cultural identity in the present day. It was also present among Celtic Britons in eastern England prior to the Anglo-Saxon and Viking invasions, as well as Roman soldiers in York who were of native descent.
There are various smaller and geographically well-defined Y-DNA Haplogroups under R1b in Western Europe.
Haplogroup R1a, a close cousin of R1b, is most common in Eastern Europe. In Britain, it has been linked to Scandinavian immigration during periods of Viking settlement. 25% of men in Norway belong to this haplogroup; it is much more common in Norway than in the rest of Scandinavia. Around 9% of all Scottish men belong to the Norwegian R1a subclade, which peaks at over 30% in Shetland and Orkney. However, there is no conclusive evidence that all came with Vikings, and similarities could have arisen from similar pre-Viking settlement patterns. Current Scandinavians belong to a range of haplogroups.
Haplogroup I is a grouping of several quite distantly related lineages. Within Britain, the most common subclade is I1, which also occurs frequently in northwestern continental Europe and southern Scandinavia, and has thus been associated with the settlement of the Anglo-Saxons and Vikings. An Anglo-Saxon male from northern England who died between the seventh and tenth centuries was determined to have belonged to haplogroup I1.
Haplogroups E1b1b and J in Europe are regarded as markers of Neolithic movements from the Middle East to Southern Europe and likely to Northern Europe from there. These haplogroups are found most often in Southern Europe and North Africa. Both are rare in Northern Europe; E1b1b is found in 1% of Norwegian men, 1.5% of Scottish, 2% of English, 2.5% of Danish, 3% of Swedish and 5.5% of German. It reaches its peak in Europe in Kosovo at 47.5% and Greece at 30%.
Uncommon Y haplogroups
Geneticists have found that seven men with the surname Revis, which originates in Yorkshire, carry a genetic signature previously found only in people of West African origin. All of the men belonged to Haplogroup A1a (M31), a subclade of Haplogroup A which geneticists believe originated in Eastern or Southern Africa. The men are not regarded as phenotypically African and there are no documents, anecdotal evidence or oral traditions suggesting that the Revis family has African ancestry. It has been conjectured that the presence of this haplogroup may date from the Roman era when both Africans and Romans of African descent are known to have settled in Britain. According to Bryan Sykes, "although the Romans ruled from AD 43 until 410, they left a tiny genetic footprint." The genetics of some visibly white (European) people in England suggests that they are "descended from north African, Middle Eastern and Roman clans".
Geneticists have shown that former American president Thomas Jefferson, who might have been of Welsh descent, along with two other British men out of 85 British men with the surname Jefferson, carry the rare Y chromosome marker T (formerly called K2). This is typically found in East Africa and the Middle East. Haplogroup T is extremely rare in Europe but phylogenetic network analysis of its Y-STR (short tandem repeat) haplotype shows that it is most closely related to an Egyptian T haplotype, but the presence of scattered and diverse European haplotypes within the network is nonetheless consistent with Jefferson's patrilineage belonging to an ancient and rare indigenous European type.
See also
Prehistoric Britain
Historical immigration to Great Britain
Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain
Nordic migration to Britain
List of haplogroups of historical and famous figures
Other locations:
Genetic history of the Middle East
Genetic history of indigenous peoples of the Americas
Genetic history of Europe
Genetic history of Italy
Genetics and archaeogenetics of South Asia
References
Bibliography
Further reading
Gretzinger, J., Sayer, D., Justeau, P. et al. "The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool". In: Nature (21 September 2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05247-2
. Also here
Malmström et al. 2009
Mithen, Steven 2003. After the Ice: A Global Human History 20,000-5000 BC. Phoenix (Orion Books Ltd.), London.
Patterson, N., Isakov, M., Booth, T. et al. "Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age". Nature (2021). Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age
Stringer, Chris. 2006. Homo Britanicus. Penguin Books Ltd., London. .
Genetics in the United Kingdom
History of the British Isles
Human population genetics
British Isles
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17336519
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mannix%20%28disambiguation%29
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Mannix (disambiguation)
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Mannix is an American television show that aired between 1967 and 1975.
Mannix may also refer to:
Surname
Brian Mannix (born 1961), Australian rock singer and actor
Daniel Mannix (1864–1963), longtime Catholic Archbishop of Melbourne
Daniel P. Mannix (1911–1997), author and journalist
David Mannix (born 1985), English retired footballer
Eddie Mannix (1891–1963), American film studio executive and "fixer"
Elizabeth A. Mannix, Cornell University management professor
Fred Mannix (born 1942), Canadian billionaire businessman
Fred Mannix Jr. (born 1983/84), Canadian polo player, son of Fred Mannix
Frederick S. Mannix (1881–1951), Canadian entrepreneur, grandfather of Fred Mannix
Kevin Mannix (born 1949), American politician
Simon Mannix (born 1971), New Zealand rugby union football coach and former player
Toni Mannix (1906–1983), American actress, dancer and wife of Eddie Mannix
Given name
Mannix Flynn, Irish author and artist
Mannix Román (born 1983), Puerto Rican volleyball player
Other uses
Mannix (album), the 1969 soundtrack for the television show
Mannix College (Monash University), an Australian residential college named after Daniel Mannix
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23578729
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomaga%20River
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Tomaga River
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The Tomaga River, an open mature wave dominated barrier estuary or perennial stream, is located in the South Coast region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Tomaga River rises about northeast of Mogo Hill and flows generally southwest and then southeast, joined by one minor tributary, before reaching its mouth at the Tasman Sea of the South Pacific Ocean at Mossy Point. The river descends over its course.
The catchment area of the river is with a volume of over a surface area of , at an average depth of .
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of New South Wales (L–Z)
List of rivers of Australia
References
Rivers of New South Wales
South Coast (New South Wales)
Eurobodalla Shire
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17336523
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Descriptive%20interpretation
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Descriptive interpretation
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According to Rudolf Carnap, in logic, an interpretation is a descriptive interpretation (also called a factual interpretation) if at least one of the undefined symbols of its formal system becomes, in the interpretation, a descriptive sign (i.e., the name of single objects, or observable properties). In his Introduction to Semantics (Harvard Uni. Press, 1942) he makes a distinction between formal interpretations which are logical interpretations (also called mathematical interpretation or logico-mathematical interpretation) and descriptive interpretations: a formal interpretation is a descriptive interpretation if it is not a logical interpretation.
Attempts to axiomatize the empirical sciences, Carnap said, use a descriptive interpretation to model reality.: the aim of these attempts is to construct a formal system for which reality is the only interpretation. - the world is an interpretation (or model) of these sciences, only insofar as these sciences are true.
Any non-empty set may be chosen as the domain of a descriptive interpretation, and all n-ary relations among the elements of the domain are candidates for assignment to any predicate of degree n.
Examples
A sentence is either true or false under an interpretation which assigns values to the logical variables. We might for example make the following assignments:
Individual constants
a: Socrates
b: Plato
c: Aristotle
Predicates:
Fα: α is sleeping
Gαβ: α hates β
Hαβγ: α made β hit γ
Sentential variables:
p "It is raining."
Under this interpretation the sentences discussed above would represent the following English statements:
p: "It is raining."
F(a): "Socrates is sleeping."
H(b,a,c): "Plato made Socrates hit Aristotle."
x(F(x)): "Everybody is sleeping."
z(G(a,z)): "Socrates hates somebody."
xyz(H(x,y,z)): "Somebody made everybody hit somebody."
xz(F(x)G(a,z)): Everybody is sleeping and Socrates hates somebody.
xyz (G(a,z)H(x,y,z)): Either Socrates hates somebody or somebody made everybody hit somebody.
Sources
Semantics
Formal languages
Interpretation (philosophy)
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17336524
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean%20%28disambiguation%29
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Mean (disambiguation)
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Mean is a term used in mathematics and statistics.
Mean may also refer to:
Music
Mean (album), a 1987 album by Montrose
"Mean" (song), a 2010 country song by Taylor Swift from Speak Now
"Mean", a song by Pink from Funhouse
Meane, or mean, a vocal music term from 15th and 16th century England
Other uses
Ethic mean, a sociology term
Mean (magazine), an American bi-monthly magazine
Meanness, a personal quality
MEAN (solution stack), a free and open-source JavaScript software stack for building dynamic web sites and web applications
A synonym of frugal
See also
Meaning (disambiguation)
Means (disambiguation)
Meen (disambiguation)
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23578730
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonalli%20River
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Tonalli River
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The Tonalli River, a perennial river that is part of the Hawkesbury-Nepean catchment, is located in the Blue Mountains region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
The Tonalli River rises on the eastern alopes of Mount Marrup within the Tonalli Range in remote country within the Greater Blue Mountains Area World Heritage Site, and flows generally east southeast, east northeast, and then east southeast, before reaching its confluence with the Wollondilly River within Lake Burragorang in Yerranderie State Conservation Area. The river descends over its course.
The river flows through parts of the Nattai and Kanangra-Boyd national parks and is a source of water for the Sydney region.
See also
List of rivers of New South Wales (L–Z)
List of rivers of Australia
Rivers of New South Wales
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
Rivers of the Blue Mountains (New South Wales)
Wollondilly Shire
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23578733
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Towallum%20River
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Towallum River
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Towallum River, a perennial river of the Clarence River catchment, is located in the Northern Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Towallum River rises on the slopes of the Great Dividing Range near Moleton, northwest of Coramba, and flows generally north and northwest before reaching its confluence with the Kangaroo River, below Koukandowie Mountain; over its course.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of Australia
List of rivers of New South Wales (L–Z)
References
Rivers of New South Wales
Northern Tablelands
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23578734
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Towamba%20River
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Towamba River
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The Towamba River is an open mature wave dominated barrier estuary or perennial river, located in the South Coast region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
The Towamba River rises near Coolangubra Mountain, below Mount Marshall on the eastern slopes of the South Coast Range, part of the Great Dividing Range, approximately north of Coolangubra Mountain. The river flows generally southeast and then northeast, joined by twelve tributaries including the Mataganah Creek and Wog Wog River, before reaching its mouth, emptying into Nullica Bay, within Twofold Bay, and spilling into the Tasman Sea of the South Pacific Ocean, east of Boydtown. The river descends over its course.
The catchment area of the river is with a volume of over a surface area of , at an average depth of .
At the locality of Kiah, the Princes Highway crosses the Towamba River.
The river flows through extensive parts of the South East Forest National Park in its upper reaches. In its lower reaches, the river forms the northern boundary of Mount Imlay National Park.
See also
Towamba River bridge, New Buildings
List of rivers of Australia
List of rivers in New South Wales (L-Z)
Rivers of New South Wales
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
South Coast (New South Wales)
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17336527
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRO-IP%20Act
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PRO-IP Act
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The Prioritizing Resources and Organization for Intellectual Property Act of 2008 (PRO-IP Act of 2008, , , ) is a United States law that increases both civil and criminal penalties for trademark, patent and copyright infringement. The law also establishes a new executive branch office, the Office of the United States Intellectual Property Enforcement Representative (USIPER).
Background
The PRO-IP Act would serve to further protect rights holders in the case of secondary infringement, in which a consumer becomes liable for infringement committed by another. In Capitol Records v. Deborah Foster (2004), the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) could not charge Oklahoma woman, Debbie Foster, with infringement of shared files. Judge Lee suggested that Foster could not be held responsible for the download of files, which were attributed to her adult daughter and estranged husband who used her IP number. The RIAA's use of IP numbers to charge users with infringement was not sufficient evidence to charge Ms. Foster and other defendants in the past. However, in another RIAA case, Elektra v. Santangelo, the judge did find Patti Santangelo potentially liable for file-sharing in her home via Kazaa software, despite the fact that she may not have been aware of the illegal downloads.
In one case, Capitol v. Thomas, Capitol Records did receive an award of $9,250 in statutory damages for each of the twenty-four infringed songs. Although the jury settled on charging the defendant with only $9,250 out of the possible $150,000 per song, through these cases, Capitol Records, the RIAA and others were primarily concerned with sending a message to the public that illegal distribution and download of copyrighted music was unacceptable.
In addition to these domestic issues, United States has a history of participating in global enforcement of intellectual property rights. In 1995, the U.S. participated in negotiating in the World Trade Organization (WTO) on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), which established a minimum standard for protecting various areas of IP rights. Throughout fiscal years 2004 to 2009, the government has tracked the importation of counterfeit goods, including pharmaceuticals, cigarettes, apparel, footwear, computers, software, toys and electronics. In 2006, the government confiscated, for example, cargo containers of counterfeit Nike Air Jordan shoes, as well as counterfeit Abercrombie and Fitch clothing, which together were valued at about $19 million. According to the U.S. Government Accountability Office's April 2010 report, "Observations on the Efforts to Quantify the Economic Effects of Counterfeit and Pirated Goods," such goods undercut American competition with lower prices, thus causing damage to the domestic economy. The U.S. government was also strongly concerned about the illicit distribution of digital products through peer-to-peer networks, streaming sites, and one-click hosting services. At the time, there was no government agency that collected or tracked data on digital copyright violation. Alongside potential lost revenue, these unauthorized goods pressure producers and IP owners to compete with the counterfeit producers. Overall, this contributes to loss of brand value and reputation, as well as lost investment and innovation. Also, American companies are forced to expend further funds on protecting intellectual property in court.
Proponents of PRO-IP frequently cited a study from the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, claiming that intellectual property theft costs American businesses an estimated $250 billion each year, as well as an estimated 750,000 jobs. A subsequent investigation by the technology news site Ars Technica revealed that these statistics were both inaccurate and decades old. A report issued by the Government Accountability Office in 2010 confirmed that these figures had not been derived from any reliable research, and could not be substantiated.
Legislative history
The origin of the legislation was the Intellectual Property Rights Enforcement Act, S.1984 introduced on November 9, 2005, in 109th Congress by Senator Evan Bayh (D-IN) and Senator George Voinovich (R-OH), and re-introduced on February 7, 2007, in the 110th Congress as S.522.
S.522 required the President to appoint an Intellectual Property Enforcement Coordinator, who would serve in the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) in the Executive Office of the President. The Coordinator would be responsible for coordinating inter agency activity on IP enforcement, developing a Strategic Plan detailing objectives and strategies, working with the private sector and other outside groups, and reporting to the President and Congress. New provisions were added later that year.
On December 5, 2007, John Conyers (D-MI) introduced the newly expanded legislation into the House of Representatives. The bill (H.R. 4279) was known as Prioritizing Resources and Organization for Intellectual Property (PRO-IP) Act of 2008. Lamar Smith (R-TX), Howard Berman (D-CA), Adam Schiff (D-CA) and Bob Goodlatte (R-VA) were among the sponsors of the bill.
Intellectual-property holders, such as entertainment companies, auto parts manufacturers, pharmaceuticals and unions, championed the bill.
On May 8, 2008, the House of Representatives passed the bill 410 to 11. Only 12 representatives did not vote. On July 12, 2008, H.R. 4279 was received in the House and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. On July 24, 2008, Senator Patrick Leahy (D-VT) introduced the bill (S.3325) in the Senate as Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights Act.
On September 26, 2008, S.3325 passed in the Senate with unanimous consent. Two days later, S.3325 passed in the House 381 to 41. In this final House vote, 2008 Presidential candidates, Ron Paul and Dennis Kucinich, voted against the bill.
On October 13, 2008, President George W. Bush signed the bill into law. The official name of the bill reverted to its original title when it was introduced into the House, Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights Act.
Content
The PRO-IP Act makes changes to prior intellectual property law in the areas of civil enforcement, criminal enforcement, coordination of federal intellectual property efforts and funding and resources of the Department of Justice intellectual property programs.
For civil enforcement, the PRO-IP Act increases the maximum $30,000 penalty for compilations and increases penalties for repeat offenders. It raises the penalty for statutory damages for counterfeit goods from $1,000 to $200,000, which was originally a range from $500 to $100,000. For repeat offenders, the maximum statutory damages range from $1–2 million. In addition, the Justice Department has the authority to conduct civil asset forfeiture, in which any computer or network hardware used in the act of a copyright crime may be seized and auctioned off.
In civil forfeiture, the plaintiff may also access bank accounts, financial information and other documents in order to trace the source of the infringing goods. In criminal enforcement, the PRO-IP Act offers the government more authority in seizure and forfeiture in the trafficking of counterfeit labels, documentation, and packaging.
Under Title II of the Act, the manufacturers of these products face new criminal penalties, especially if the offender knowingly or recklessly causes serious bodily injury or death, as with counterfeit pharmaceuticals. The Act also prohibits the transshipment or exportation of such goods, which would be in violation of the Trademark Act of 1946 or the Lanham Act.
Section 602 of the Copyright Act states that it is only illegal to import products that infringe a copyright. Section 105 of PRO-IP makes exports of such materials illegal as well.
U.S. Customs and Border Protection also provides the opportunity for musicians and performers to register their work with the agency, enabling CBP to notify the artist if unauthorized copies of their work are tracked entering the U.S. from other countries.
The PRO-IP Act also established the position of the Intellectual Property Enforcement Coordinator within the Executive Office of the President. The purpose of this new position was to coordinate the anti-infringement efforts of the Department of Justice, the Patent and Trademark Office and the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative.
The appointed IPEC would be responsible for developing and implementing a Joint Strategic Plan, a program to battle counterfeiting and copyright infringement. The appointee would also serve as chief advisor to the President on both domestic and international intellectual property enforcement policy.
Under Section 304, the IPEC must submit an annual report to Congress and must update the strategic plan every three years. The legislation also allocates $25 million annually to state and local governments to train law enforcement, educate the public and purchase technology to combat counterfeit activity.
Additional resources, for example, were allotted to the Federal Bureau of Investigation, which now operates a department of at least five full-time Special Agents who work with the Department of Justice's Computer Crime and Intellectual Property Section (CCIPS).
The Congressional Budget Office estimated that the federal budget would allocate approximately $429 million between 2009 and 2013 for the implementation of the PRO-IP Act.
Proponents and opponents
Proponents
Based on the White House's 2010 Joint Strategic Plan, proponents stated that the PRO-IP Act would protect the growth of the national economy. They believed it would promote creativity, research and innovation, which are essential to the technology, pharmaceutical, automobile, and entertainment industries and in turn, protect the jobs in those fields. The U.S. federal government also depends on the promotion of innovation to solve global problems and to preserve national and economic security, including the prevention of criminal activity, such as the sale of counterfeit drugs that cause fatal harm to consumers. In addition, supporters said the Act reaffirmed Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution, which aims to promote scientific and artistic creativity.
In a speech at the Export-Import Bank's Annual Conference in March 2010, President Obama remarked: "...we're going to aggressively protect our intellectual property. Our single greatest asset is the innovation and the ingenuity and creativity of the American people. It is essential to our prosperity and it will only become more so in this century. But it's only a competitive advantage if our companies know that someone else can't just steal that idea and duplicate it with cheaper inputs and labor. There's nothing wrong with other people using our technologies, we welcome it –- we just want to make sure that it's licensed, and that American businesses are getting paid appropriately."
When the bill was initially introduced, co-sponsor, Rep. Howard Berman, defended the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. He suggested that individuals are willing to steal intellectual property and that the PRO-IP Act would prevent such crimes.
American businesses, such as the Business Software Alliance, Motion Picture Association of America and the Recording Industry of Association of America, were long time supporters of the bill, since it was first introduced into the House. NBCUniversal Media also supported the Act due to countless unlicensed works on counterfeit DVDs and online, which were circulated throughout the U.S. and abroad.
In response to the changing Internet platforms, corporations like NBC have transformed traditional media companies into new models to monetize their content. Hulu, for example, began as a joint venture between NBC and News Corp, parent company to Fox. Although new resources were provided for consuming entertainment media, it was not sufficient to completely counteract copyright infringement online.
In addition to media and entertainment corporations, the U.S. auto industry, including General Motors, Ford and Chrysler, sought protection from counterfeiters. Ford and GM, who hold one third of all green technology patents and their related value, are in competition with China and India in the development of hybrid and green technology. Proponents in the auto industry suggested that the PRO-IP Act was essential to sustain financial viability, as well as enduring competitiveness.
Other groups that supported the Act include the National Music Publishers' Association and the Copyright Alliance.
Opponents
Compilation clause
However, the PRO-IP Act also faced opposition. Before the act was passed, Library Copyright Alliance (LCA), Computer and Communications Industry Association (CCIA), Net Coalition, Consumer Electronics Association (CEA), Public Knowledge, Center for Democracy and Technology (CDT), Association of Public Television Stations and Printing Industries of America, protested the compilation clause. Under the law at the time, the copyright plaintiff was able to obtain up to $150,000 per work infringed. The compilation clause, from Section 504 (c)(1) of Title 17, states: "For the purposes of this subsection, all the parts of a compilation or derivative work constitute one work." Under the clause, an entire stolen album would count as one work and thus, the infringer would receive a maximum penalty of $150,000. This would mean, for example, that an individual who copied fifty songs from a boxed set would be liable for a maximum $150,000 rather than $7.5 million in damages. Under the PRO-IP Act, however, legislators proposed that the plaintiff could claim up to $150,000 per infringed work. Public Knowledge argued that this proposed change to the compilation clause would "incentivize 'copyright trolls'" to collect larger damage claims than necessary.
William Patry, senior copyright lawyer for Google, was well known for calling the legislation, the most "outrageous gluttonous IP bill ever introduced in the U.S.," in response to the compilation clause. Patry, who served in the Copyright Office in the past, suggested that the penalties of the PRO-IP Act would fall on ordinary Americans, not commercial counterfeiters.
Like Patry, many believed that liability per song was an excessive penalty. Digital rights groups and other critics suggested that the Act failed to recognize the difference between commercial counterfeiters and regular consumers, who would be punished with outstanding fees. In fact, they suggested that non commercial, personal copying of such tracks could possibly be considered fair use.
The PRO-IP Act further narrows rights under the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA). Under DMCA, fair use limits the statutory damages available under secondary liability and permits bypassing digital rights management (DRM) for lawful uses. Consumer advocates suggested that the PRO-IP Act, in turn, would serve as a means to protect the business interests of American film, music and software companies. "At a time when the entire digital world is going to less restrictive distribution models, and when the courts are aghast at the outlandish damages being inflicted on consumers in copyright cases, this bill goes entirely in the wrong direction," stated Public Knowledge's president and co-founder, Gigi Sohn. Due to this controversy, the compilation clause was ultimately removed from the Act.
Attempted infringement clause
Another contested clause was the "attempted infringement" penalty. Section 506 (a)(1) of Title 17 states that "any person who willfully infringes a copyright shall be punished...if the infringement was committed—(A) for purposes of commercial advantage or private financial gain;
(B) by the reproduction or distribution, including by electronic means...copyrighted works, which have a total retail value of more than $1,000; or (C) by the distribution of a work being prepared for commercial distribution, by making it available on a computer network accessible to members of the public..." Under this section, Representative Steve Chabot (R-OH) had proposed that the PRO-IP Act enact stricter penalties, which would lengthen prison terms.
Consumer rights
In addition, American consumers were concerned about Section 206, which expanded the scope of civil forfeitures. The government could confiscate an iPod, for example, that contained a single illegal music download, as the device can be said to be property which "facilitates" infringement.
Others claimed that the Act was a violation of net neutrality. As a result of the legislation, Internet service providers would partner with recording companies, for example, in order to detect copyright infringement.
The legislation would also permit the Attorney General to sue individuals on behalf of rights holders, like the MPAA and RIAA.
Advocacy groups, like Public Knowledge and Electronic Frontier Foundation stated that the recording industry has threatened or filed over 30,000 lawsuits against individual consumers, suggesting that movie and television producers, software publishers, music publishers and print publishers have sufficient access to their own enforcement programs and do not need additional support from the government.
In addition, the PRO-IP Act was also criticized due to the creation of new federal offices that would further strain taxpayer dollars, such as the U.S. Intellectual Property Enforcement Representative, Intellectual Property Enforcement Division in the Department of Justice and additional intellectual property staff in U.S. embassies.
Implementation
Bush Administration
In September 1999, Congress instituted the National Intellectual Property Law Enforcement Coordination Center to coordinate efforts to protect IP across federal agencies. In 2004, the Strategy for Targeting Organized Piracy (STOP) was also established in response to rising industry concerns about copyright violation. However, the functions of these agencies overlapped and lacked an overall strategy.
On October 8, 2008, President Bush had signed the bailout bill, the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008. Proponents said that PRO-IP would help the country during the economic crisis.. According to co-sponsor, Senator Patrick Leahy, the legislation would serve as a means to protect copyrights, patents, trademarks and trade secrets central to the U.S. economy and its job market. "Intellectual property—copyrights, patents, trademarks, and trade secrets—is an ever-growing sector of our economy. We are the envy of the world for the quality and the quantity of our innovative and creative goods and services. If we want to continue to lead the world in producing intellectual property, we need to protect Americans' rights in that property", stated Senator Leahy.
The Bush Administration had questioned the legality of the "copyright czar" position, suggesting that it was a violation of separation of powers.
The Justice Department was opposed to the bill, suggesting that the power of the appointed copyright czar was unnecessary. As a result, the position was placed in the Executive Office of the President instead of the Department of Justice.
Senator Ron Wyden was one of the representatives who requested that Congress remove the provision that requires the involvement of the Department of Justice in intellectual property enforcement.
Obama Administration
In September 2009, President Barack Obama appointed intellectual property scholar Victoria Espinel to be the first Intellectual Property Enforcement Coordinator, a position informally known as the Copyright Czar.
Victoria Espinel, who taught as a professor at George Mason University, had prior experience working at the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative. Espinel also served as an intellectual property advisor to the staff of the Senate Judiciary Committee, the Senate Finance Committee, the House Judiciary Committee and the House Ways and Means Committee.
On December 3, 2009, Espinel's appointment was confirmed. The United States Chamber of Commerce, Public Knowledge and other groups approved Espinel for this position.
By Executive Order, President Obama also created two interagencies, the Senior Advisory Committee and Intellectual Property Enforcement Advisory Committee. Espinel serves as the chair of these two groups.
Senate Judiciary chairman Patrick Leahy (D-VT) was a strong supporter of these committees, which aimed to further support the goals of the PRO-IP Act, centered upon protecting American intellectual property and in turn, protect innovation central to the U.S. economy and its job market.
In 2009, the Justice Department reported on the implementation of PRO-IP Act in its first year. There were a variety of prosecutions in the protection of health and safety. One defendant was imprisoned for trafficking over $400,000 worth of counterfeit pharmaceuticals. These tablets, when consumed with alcohol, caused symptoms such as abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting and headaches. In another case, a New York resident was incarcerated for trafficking more than a half a million tubes of counterfeit toothpaste, which contained microorganisms and diethylene glycol, a chemical used as a coolant in brake fluids. The most severe of these prosecutions included imprisonment for Kevin Xu of Texas, who trafficked counterfeit cancer drugs, which included less active ingredients than indicated on the labels. The ability to seize these counterfeit products enabled the government to protect citizen health. In commercial counterfeiting online, the Department of Justice reported the operation of forty websites that generated $800,000 selling counterfeit software online. A ring of defendants was also guilty of selling counterfeit software on eBay valued at more than $25 million. Over the course of about six years, another defendant sold unlicensed tele-radiological software to hospitals and outpatient facilities.
The Department of Justice also reported that the FBI was able to target counterfeiting organizations, as well as initiate the first-ever peer-to-peer trial conviction. Apocalypse Production Crew or "APC" was one of these unauthorized music distribution groups that served as a "release group," which are the original sources in which infringed works are distributed on the Internet. In the first peer-to-peer trial conviction, Daniel Dove was convicted as the administrator of Elite Torrents, a P2P Internet release group, which had over 133,000 members and facilitated the distribution of more than 17,800 titles in movies, software, music and games.
In 2010, the Justice Department's Criminal Division also coordinated work between investigatory agencies and the International Organized Crime Intelligence and Operations Center, also referred to as IOC-2. In an attempt to close intelligence gaps between these groups, the FBI, ICE and CBP routinely contribute intellectual property data to IOC-2. The IOC-2 has also collaborated with the National Intellectual Property Rights Coordination Center to train personnel in the identification of intellectual property violations that involve organized crime.
In addition, in 2010, operations detected online infringement in the sale of counterfeit clothing and computer programs. At the Fisherman's Wharf in San Francisco, California, merchants at eight shops were charged with trafficking counterfeit designer merchandise imported from China, such as clothing, handbags and shoes, all of which were valued over $100 million. In New York, a man had been trafficking NFL, NHL, NBA and MLB sports jerseys. The FBI was also able to track organized crime internationally, such as one group that was responsible for smuggling 120 pairs of counterfeit Nike shoes, 500,000 counterfeit Coach handbags, 10,000 pairs of Coach and Gucci shoes and 500 counterfeit Cartier watches through the Port of Baltimore.
The PRO-IP Act is also utilized to prevent the theft of commercial trade secrets. Many of these cases, for example, entail former employees sharing critical information with international markets. A former Bristol-Myers-Squibb employee stole trade secrets from the company, which he planned to use to establish a pharmaceutical firm in India. Valspar Corporation chemist admitted to stealing formulas and other information valued at $20 million, which he would use working for an overseas competitor. Another chemist stole information from DuPont on Organic Light Emitting Diodes or OLED technology used for display and lighting applications. An employee for Dow AgroSciences in Indianapolis had a similar intent to take trade secrets to China.
In June 2010, Espinel's Joint Strategic Plan integrated perspectives across federal agencies, such as U.S. Departments of Agriculture, Commerce, Health and Human Services, Homeland Security, Justice, Office of the U.S. Trade Representative and U.S. Copyright Office. It also considered 1,600 public comments and suggestions from the American public. Under this plan, the federal government will avoid purchase or use of infringing products, support transparency in the development of enforcement policy, as well as improve coordination and thus, effectiveness of intellectual property enforcement. The plan also aims to further protect American intellectual property rights through international outreach and to improve data and information collection regarding criminal violations of intellectual property. IPEC has collected data through a Budget Data Request (BDR), in which federal agencies report the resources used and measured outcomes in intellectual property enforcement.
Espinel hosted an Intellectual Property Health and Safety Forum at the White House, meeting with private sector leaders from American Express, eNom, GoDaddy, Google, MasterCard, Microsoft, Neustar, Visa and Yahoo! to take action against illegal online pharmacies, which pose a threat to health in the act of selling counterfeit drugs online. Due to interagency and cross-border efforts, the FBI was able to convict individuals selling cancer drugs that did not contain ingredients to fight cancer. The PRO-IP Act is also intended to prevent the sale of counterfeit products for use in U.S. defense and weapons systems that may possibly fail under fire, causing harm to troop missions and ultimately, public safety. In one case, a business owner was prosecuted for selling counterfeit Cisco products, which were intended to relay troop movement and intelligence for a U.S. Marine Corps base in Iraq.
As a result of this work, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE HSI) opened 1,033 intellectual property cases, which resulted in 365 arrests, 216 indictments and 170 federal and state convictions. ICE HSI has identified and seized domain names facilitating the trafficking of unlicensed materials. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) and ICE HSI had 19,959 intellectual property seizures, which resulted in 237 civil fines and penalties totaling over $62 million.
Many have contested the legality of these seizures, suggesting that excessive shutdowns of domain names and other rogue sites is a violation of free speech. John Morton, director of Immigration and Customs Enforcement, has stated that the organization has "zero interest in limiting free speech" and that "ICE is not the police of the Internet."
In 2011, the federal government aims to shut down top illegal websites and to secure legislation that will enable funding for U.S. embassies to monitor American intellectual property internationally. For example, President Obama discussed enforcement of intellectual property rights with Chinese President Hu Jintao. Alongside Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer, Obama urged Hu to take action against consumers who purchase Microsoft software and other counterfeit DVDs and CDs for only a fraction of the cost online or in public markets. Other European countries and Japan have also addressed this growing problem in China, where the authorities hesitate to arrest counterfeiters due to the fact that such products bolster local economies.
Since the passage of the PRO-IP Act, the National Association of Manufacturers has lobbied for further legislation, as well. In addition to identifying counterfeit and infringing products, the Association would like the legislation that compiles a "watch list" database of importers, shippers and other participants at U.S. ports. Such legislation should also increase fines, as well as develop tools to ensure that manufacturers receive timely information about acts of infringement.
References
Acts of the 110th United States Congress
United States federal intellectual property legislation
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20472012
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010%20European%20Men%27s%20Handball%20Championship
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2010 European Men's Handball Championship
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The 2010 EHF European Men's Handball Championship (9th tournament) was held in Austria from 19 to 31 January, in the cities of Vienna, Graz, Innsbruck, Linz and Wiener Neustadt.
Venues
5 Austrian cities have been selected to host the 2010 Championship. The venues in Linz, Graz and Wiener Neustadt were only used during the preliminary round. The fourth venue to be used in this round was located in Innsbruck, and was also one of the two venues in the main round. The other being Wiener Stadthalle in Vienna, which was the only venue to be used in the final round.
Qualification
Qualification matches were played in 2008 and in 2009. For the first time, in qualification round all teams are included, except host Austria and defending champion Denmark. Teams were divided in 7 groups and top two teams from each group qualified to European Championship.
Qualified teams
1 Bold indicates champion for that year
2 Between 1996 and 2006, Serbia participated as FR Yugoslavia and Serbia and Montenegro.
Seeding
The draw for the final tournament took place 19:00 CET on 24 June 2009 at the Liechtenstein Museum in Vienna.
Squads
Group A
(squad)
(squad)
(squad)
(squad)
Group B
(squad)
(squad)
(squad)
(squad)
Group C
(squad)
(squad)
(squad)
(squad)
Group D
(squad)
(squad)
(squad)
(squad)
Preliminary round
In the following tables:
Pld = total games played
W = total games won
D = total games drawn (tied)
L = total games lost
GF = total goals scored (goals for)
GA = total goals conceded (goals against)
GD = goal difference (GF−GA)
Pts = total points accumulated
The teams placed first, second and third (shaded in green) qualified to the main round.
Group A
Venue: Stadthalle, Graz
All times are Central European Time (UTC+1)
Group B
Venue: Intersport Arena, Linz
All times are Central European Time (UTC+1)
Group C
Venue: Olympiaworld, Innsbruck
All times are Central European Time (UTC+1)
Group D
Venue: Arena Nova, Wiener Neustadt
All times are Central European Time (UTC+1)
Main round
Group I
Venue: Stadthalle, Vienna
Group II
Venue: Olympiaworld, Innsbruck
Final round
Venue: Stadthalle, Vienna
5th/6th Place
Semifinals
Bronze Medal Game
Final
Ranking and statistics
Final ranking
All Star Team
Goalkeeper:
Left Wing:
Left Back:
Playmaker:
Pivot:
Right Back:
Right Wing:
Other awards
Best Defence Player :
Most Valuable Player:
Source: ehf-euro.com
Top goalkeepers
Source: EHF
Top goalscorers
Source: EHF
EHF Broadcasting rights
See also
2010 European Women's Handball Championship
References
External links
2010
European men championship
2010 in Austrian sport
International handball competitions hosted by Austria
January 2010 sports events in Europe
2010s in Vienna
Sports competitions in Vienna
Sports competitions in Innsbruck
2010s in Innsbruck
Sport in Graz
Sports competitions in Linz
Wiener Neustadt
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17336538
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postkodmiljon%C3%A4ren
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Postkodmiljonären
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Postkodmiljonären (English translation: The postcode millionaire) is a Swedish game show based on the original British format of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?. The show debuted on 26 August 2005 and is hosted by Rickard Sjöberg. It is shown every Friday and Saturday from 7:30 PM to 8 PM (UTC+1) on the Swedish commercial television station TV4. The programme is also combined with a lottery, Svenska Postkodlotteriet (The Swedish Postcode Lottery), in a twice-weekly format. The original format of the show, broadcast between 2000 and 2003, was known as Vem vill bli miljonär? and lacked the lottery tie-in.
The main goal of the game is to win 1 million SEK by answering 15 multiple-choice questions correctly. The more questions the contestant answers correctly, the more money the contestant passively earns. There are a number of lifelines which the participant can use to help them on their journey. There are "guaranteed levels" which guarantee the participant to walk away with a certain amount of money. The participant also has the option of refusing to answer a question and thus walk away with the money the participant has most recently passively or certainly earned. The game ends as soon as the participant either answers a question incorrectly, decides to walk away, or answers the million-SEK question correctly.
Format
The game contains 15 levels, each of which consists of one question. There are three guaranteed levels: 10,000 SEK, 100,000 SEK, and 1,000,000 (1 million) SEK. The contestant begins by deciding whether or not to include the Switch the Question lifeline; if the lifeline is included, the 100,000 SEK level will not be a guaranteed level. The game then begins. Each question has four possible answers. There are three–four lifelines which can be used by the contestant on any question: Fifty Fifty (50:50 – femtio-femtio), Phone A Friend (ringa en vän), Ask The Audience (fråga publiken), and Switch the Question (byta fråga). Fifty Fifty takes randomly away two of the possible wrong answers, leaving the contestant with only two alternatives. Phone A Friend lets the contestant call a friend to help the contestant with the question. During Phone A Friend, the contestant and the called person have 30 seconds, during which the contestant usually delivers the question and then the called person gives their advice. Ask The Audience asks every person in the studio audience to give their answer to the question, after which the percentage results of each possible answer is displayed. Switch the Question swaps the question for a new one while forcing the contestant to pick an answer to find out the correct answer to the initial question. Each lifeline can only be used once during the course of the entire game. Multiple lifelines can be used on the same question.
Every time the contestant answers a question correctly, the contestant moves one step up in the money tree. If the participant answers the million-SEK question correctly, the game ends and the participant wins the top prize of 1 million SEK and is declared a millionaire. If the contestant wrongly answers a question, the right answer is revealed, the game ends and the contestant walks away with the money value of the most recently cleared guaranteed level. This implies that if the contestant loses before clearing the 10,000 SEK guaranteed level, the contestant walks away empty-handed. If the contestant decides not to answer the question, the game ends and the contestant walks away with the money value of the most recently cleared level and is asked to pick an answer to find out the correct answer to the question. This implies that if the contestant walks away before clearing the first question, the contestant walks away empty-handed.
Occasionally, special episodes are aired where the show invites pairs of Swedish celebrities who play together. However, these pairs don't get to keep their earnings; instead, they are donated to a charitable organization which is chosen by the contestants.
Payout structure
*: Only a guaranteed level if the contestant chooses not to get the Switch the Question lifeline.
Winners
There have been 12 winners (one was a pair) in Postkodmiljonären: Per Hörberg, Torgny Segerstedt, Olle Laurell, Jan Sundström, Mattias Österman, Lena Anviken, Birgitta Hedström, the pair Lena Ag and Alexandra Pascalidou, Ylva Orrmell, Marianne Hiller, Ulf Jensen, and Eric Forsyth. Forsyth is the youngest winner at 29 years' age.
This was Eric Forsyth's one million SEK question:
This was Ulf Jensen's one million SEK question:
This was Marianne Hiller's one million SEK question:
This was Ylva Orrmell's one million SEK question:
This was the pair Lena Ag and Alexandra Pascalidou's one million SEK question:
This was Birgitta Hedström's one million SEK question:
This was Lena Anviken's one million SEK question:
This was Mattias Österman's one million SEK question:
This was Jan Sundström's one million SEK question:
This was Olle Laurell's one million SEK question:
This was Torgny Segerstedt's one million SEK question:
This was Per Hörberg's one million SEK question:
External links
References
Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?
TV4 (Sweden) original programming
Swedish game shows
2005 Swedish television series debuts
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17336549
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Stickney%20%28board%20of%20directors%20member%29
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William Stickney (board of directors member)
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William Stickney (April 11, 1827 – October 13, 1881), was the son-in-law of Amos Kendall, a co-founder of the Columbia Institution for the Deaf, a grammar school in Washington, DC, which became Gallaudet University. He was a member of the board of directors of Columbia Institution from its inception in 1857 until his death in 1881. He was the first secretary of the board of directors, and held the position throughout his entire tenure as director.
In May 1857, a house and a vacant lot owned by Stickney were rented and, along with another house, were used to start the Columbia Institution.
William Stickney was born on April 11, 1827, in Vassalborough, Maine, and married Jeannie E. Kendall, the oldest daughter of Amos Kendall, on January 15, 1852, in a ceremony that took place on Kendall Green. They had two children: William "Will" Soule Stickney (October 24, 1852 - July 20, 1880), and a second child who died at six months of age in 1854.
Stickney attended Waterville College (now Colby College) in Maine, from 1846 to 1849, then entered the senior class at the Columbian University in Washington, DC (now George Washington University) and graduated from that institution. He was admitted to the bar to practice law in St. Louis, Missouri in 1850. He worked as a government clerk from 1852 to 1857, then worked as personal secretary to Amos Kendall from 1852 until Kendall's death in 1869.
Stickney died on October 13, 1881, after a four-day illness.
He was descended from William Stickney who settled in Massachusetts in 1636, having come from the town of Stickney on the eastern coast of England.
References
Genealogical information, http://homepages.paradise.net.nz/warrenst/F09GEN8.htm
Twenty-fourth Annual Report (1880-1881), Columbia Institution for the Deaf, November 2, 1881, http://saveourdeafschools.org/columbia_institution_1881.pdf
Stickney v. Stickney, http://bulk.resource.org/courts.gov/c/US/131/131.US.227.html
1827 births
1881 deaths
Columbian College of Arts and Sciences alumni
Gallaudet University people
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20472047
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St.%20Martin%27s%20Church%20%28Starkenburg%2C%20Missouri%29
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St. Martin's Church (Starkenburg, Missouri)
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St. Martin's Church is a historic Catholic church building in Starkenburg, Montgomery County, Missouri in the Diocese of Jefferson City. It is now part of a religious complex near the Shrine of Our Lady of Sorrows.
History
German Catholic immigrants to the Missouri Rhineland had established a community here as early as 1852, worshiping in a log cabin. The stone church was constructed in 1873, with an addition and tower added in the 1890s.
The parish of St. Martin's at Starkenburg was merged in 1979 with St. Joseph's at Rhineland to form the Church of the Risen Savior in Rhineland, which continues to administer the site.
References
German-American culture in Missouri
Churches in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Jefferson City
Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in Missouri
Churches in Montgomery County, Missouri
Roman Catholic churches completed in 1873
Organizations disestablished in 1979
National Register of Historic Places in Montgomery County, Missouri
Starkenburg, Missouri
19th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in the United States
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20472053
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xylopia%20emarginata
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Xylopia emarginata
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Xylopia emarginata is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family. It is native to Cerrado vegetation in Brazil.
References
elliptica
Endemic flora of Brazil
Flora of the Cerrado
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20472068
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xylopia%20brasiliensis
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Xylopia brasiliensis
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Xylopia brasiliensis is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae.
It is native to Atlantic Forest and Cerrado ecoregions in eastern and southern Brazil.
References
brasiliensis
Endemic flora of Brazil
Flora of Atlantic Forest (biome)
Flora of the Cerrado
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6903447
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folded%20unipole%20antenna
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Folded unipole antenna
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The folded unipole antenna is a type of monopole antenna; it consists of a vertical metal rod or mast mounted over and connected at its base to a conductive surface called a ground plane. The mast is surrounded by a "skirt" of vertical wires electrically attached at or near the top of the mast. The skirt wires are connected by a metal ring near the mast base, and the feed line is connected between the ring and the ground.
It has seen much use for refurbishing medium wave (AM broadcast) station towers in the United States and other countries. When an AM station (mediumwave, long antennas) shares a tower with FM transmitters (VHF, short antennas), the folded-unipole is often a good choice. Since the base of the tower connects to the ground system, the transmission lines to any antennas mounted on the tower can run up the side of the tower without requiring isolation, even though the tower itself carries mediumwave current.
Invention
The folded unipole antenna was first devised for broadcast use by John H. Mullaney, an American radio broadcast pioneer, and consulting engineer. It was designed to solve some difficult problems with existing medium wave (MW), frequency modulation (FM), and amplitude modulation (AM) broadcast antenna installations.
Typical installation
Since folded unipoles are most often used for refurbishing old broadcast antennas, the first subsection below describes a typical monopole antenna used as a starting point. The subsection that follows next describes how surrounding skirt wires are added to convert an ordinary broadcast tower into a folded unipole.
The picture at the right shows a small folded unipole antenna constructed from an existing triangular monopole tower; it has only three vertical wires comprising its "skirt".
Conventional monopole antennas
A typical AM broadcast antenna is a series-fed monopole antenna mounted above a ground system, but usually with no direct connection to ground. US FCC regulations require the ground system to have 120 buried copper or phosphor bronze radial wires at least one-quarter wavelength long; there is usually a ground-screen in the immediate vicinity of the tower. To minimize corrosion, all the ground system components are bonded together, usually by using brazing or coin silver solder.
Quarter-wave monopole antennas ordinarily have insulated bases, so the ground system and antenna mast are electrically separate, and the base of the mast and an adjacent ground plane connection point constitute the two electrical contacts for the feedline. If extra stabilization is required, any guy wires used are insulated from both the tower and the ground system; long guy wires are sometimes broken into a series of short, electrically separate segments, linked by insulators, to ensure all segments are too short to resonate at the operating frequency.
Radio frequency power is fed into the quarter-wave monopole system across the base insulator between a feed contact to the tower itself and another feed contact to the ground system. In the U.S., the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) requires that the transmitter power measurements for a single series-fed tower calculated at this feed point as the current squared multiplied by the resistive part of the feed-point impedance.
Electrically short monopole antennas have low resistance and high capacitive (negative) reactance. Longer antennas may have send out signals out in directions that are increasingly more advantageous up to the point that the electrical height exceeds about wavelengths tall. Reactance is zero only for towers slightly shorter than wavelength, but the reactance will in any case rise or fall depending on humidity, dust, or ice collecting on the tower or its feedline.
Regardless of its height, the antenna feed system has an electrical network in a small hut at the base of the tower ("coupling hut" or "helix hut") that is adjusted to match the antenna's impedance to its transmission line. If the tower is too short or too tall for the frequency, the antenna's capacitive or inductive reactance will be counteracted by an opposite reactance in the matching network.
The combined limitations of the matching network, ground wires, and tower can cause the system to have a narrow bandwidth; in extreme cases the effects of narrow bandwidth can be severe enough to detract from the audio fidelity of the radio broadcast.
Electrically short antennas have low radiation resistance, which makes normal loss in other parts of the system relatively more costly in terms of lost broadcast power. The losses in the ground system, matching network(s), feedline wires, and structure of the tower all are in series with the antenna feed current, and each wastes a share of the broadcast power heating the soil or metal in the tower.
Folded unipole antennas
Heuristically, the unipole's outer skirt wires can be thought of as attached segments of several tall, narrow, loop antennas, with the central mast completing the final side of each loop. Equivalently, each skirt wire makes a parallel wire stub, with the mast being the other parallel "wire"; the closed end at the top of the stub, where the skirt connects to the mast, makes a transmission line stub inductor. Either way of looking at it, the effect of the skirt wires is to add inductive reactance to the antenna mast, which helps neutralize a short mast's capacitive reactance.
For the normal case of a short monopole, the inductive reactance introduced by the skirt wires increases as the frequency decreases and the bare mast's reactance becomes more capacitive. (With increasing frequency both the inductive reactance and capacitive reactance drop.) When carefully configured, the two contrary reactances can be made to cancel each other, at least in part, and to rise and fall by approximately the same amount. Approximate balance between the opposing reactances adds up to reduce the total reactance of the whole antenna at the decreased (and increased) frequencies, thus widening the antenna's low-reactance bandwidth.
If the greater part of the unbalanced radio current can be made to flow in the skirt wires, instead of in the mast, the outer ring of skirt wires will also effectively add electrical width to the mast, which also will improve bandwidth by turning the unipole into a "cage antenna".
Usually folded-unipoles are constructed by modifying an existing monopole antenna, and not all possible unipole improvements can be achieved on every monopole.
First one connects the base of the tower directly to the ground system by shorting out the base insulator.
Then a series of vertical wires – typically four to eight – are installed from an attachment at or near the top of the tower; these wires surround the tower and are called a "skirt".
The skirt wires are kept a constant distance from the tower by insulated "stand-off" structural members, and joined to an electrically isolated conductor ring that surrounds the base of the tower, also mounted on insulated stand-offs.
The new antenna feed connects between the common point of the ground system and the ring at the bottom of the skirt wires.
The resulting skirt enveloping the mast connects only at the tower top, or some midpoint near the top, and to the isolated conducting ring that surrounds the tower base; the skirt wires remain insulated from the mast at every other point along its entire length.
Performance comparisons
When a well-made folded-unipole replaces a decrepit antenna, or one with a poor original design, there will of course be an improvement in performance; the sudden improvement may be cause for mistakenly inferred superiority in the design.
Experiments show that folded-unipole performance is the same as other monopole designs: Direct comparisons between folded unipoles and more conventional vertical antennas of the same height, all well-made, show essentially no difference in radiation pattern in actual measurements by Rackley, Cox, Moser, & King (1996) and by Cox & Moser (2002).
The expected wider bandwidth was also not found during antenna range tests of several folded unipoles.
Replaced shunt-fed antenna
Most commonly, folded-unipole designs were used to replace a shunt-fed antenna – a different broadcast antenna design that also has a grounded base. A “shunt-fed” (or “slant-wire”) antenna comprises a grounded tower with the top of a sloping single-wire feed-line attached at a point on the mast that results in an approximate match to the impedance desired at the other end of the sloping feed-wire.
When the well-made folded-unipole antenna replaced the aged-out slant-fed antenna, a marked improvement of performance was often noticed. This improvement gave rise to the supposition that folded-unipole antennas had power gains, or other wonderful characteristics, not supported by radio engineering calculations.
Ground system maintenance
Sites of ground-mounted monopole antennas require landscape maintenance: Keeping weeds and grass covering the antenna's ground plane wires as short as possible, since green plants in between the antenna tower and the antenna ground system will dissipate power of the radio waves passing through them, reducing antenna efficiency. Folded-unipole antenna sites were alleged to be less affected by weeds and long grass on top of the ground wires that cause attenuation in other monopole antenna designs, but measurements show no such advantage.
Self-resonant unipole patents
A possible improvement over the basic folded-unipole antenna is the “self resonant” unipole antenna, described in .
Another possible improvement to the folded unipole is described in , which concerns a more carefully designed form of ground plane for use with all monopole types (only incidentally including folded unipoles).
See also
Driven element
Monopole antenna
Omnidirectional antenna
Footnotes
References
External links
Radio frequency antenna types
Antennas (radio)
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6903454
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jutta%20Kirst
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Jutta Kirst
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Jutta Kirst (née Krautwurst; born 10 November 1954 in Dresden, Sachsen) is a retired female track and field athlete who competed for East Germany during her career in the women's high jump. She competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics held in Moscow, Russia where she won the bronze medal in the women's high jump competition.
External links
1954 births
Living people
East German female high jumpers
Olympic bronze medalists for East Germany
Athletes (track and field) at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes of East Germany
Athletes from Dresden
Medalists at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists in athletics (track and field)
Universiade medalists in athletics (track and field)
Universiade silver medalists for East Germany
Medalists at the 1973 Summer Universiade
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6903459
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contractor%20ratings
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Contractor ratings
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Contractor rating systems, also known as contractor prequalifications, are one of the larger cost saving practices available and more routinely applied by governmental organizations as a means of avoiding the high cost and inflated pricing that results from reduced competition on public work by using bonding and surety to guarantee performance of public work.
Years ago public purchasing officials began applying prequalification and short-listing of pre-selected contractors for bidding on public procurement contracts. A subjective process are in many places the exclusive means of getting on a bidders list for public contract work.
These ratings and processes now make the whole issue of bonding and surety, (that has been around since the late 19th century to guarantee of performance and paying large premiums), obsolete and redundant since the public officials have already reduced risks and are paying premiums associated with reducing competition by using the prequalification process and rating systems.
Construction
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6903477
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuba%20Kingdom
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Kuba Kingdom
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The Kuba Kingdom, also known as the Kingdom of the Bakuba or Bushongo, is a traditional kingdom in Central Africa. The Kuba Kingdom flourished between the 17th and 19th centuries in the region bordered by the Sankuru, Lulua, and Kasai rivers in the heart of the modern-day Democratic Republic of the Congo.
The Kuba Kingdom was a conglomerate of several smaller Bushongo-speaking principalities as well as the Kete, Coofa, Mbeengi, and the Kasai Twa Pygmies. The original Kuba migrated during the 16th century from the north. Nineteen different ethnic groups are included in the kingdom, which still exists and is presided over by the King (nyim).
History
Shyaam a-Mbul
The kingdom began as a conglomeration of several chiefdoms of various ethnic groups with no real central authority. In approximately 1625, an individual from outside the area known as Shyaam a-Mbul a Ngoong usurped the position of one of the area rulers and united all the chiefdoms under his leadership. Tradition states that Shyaam a-Mbul was the adopted son of a Kuba queen. He left the Kuba region to find enlightenment in the Pende and Kongo kingdoms to the west. After learning all he could from these states, he returned to Kuba to form the empire's political, social and economic foundations.
A new government
The Kuba government was reorganized toward a merit-based title system, but power still remained firmly in the hands of the aristocracy. The Kuba government was controlled by a king called the nyim who belonged to the Bushoong clan. The king was responsible to a court council of all the Kuba subgroups, who were represented equally before the king by their elites. The kingdom had an unwritten constitution, elected political offices, separation of political powers, a judicial system with courts and juries, a police force, a military, taxation, a significant public goods provision and socially supporting movements.
Growth
As the kingdom matured, it benefited from advanced techniques adopted from neighboring peoples as well as New World crops introduced from the Americas, such as maize, tobacco, cassava and beans. Kuba became very wealthy, which resulted in great artistic works commissioned by the Kuba nobility. The Kuba kings retained the most fanciful works for court ceremony and were also buried with these artifacts.
Apex
The Kuba Kingdom reached its apex during the mid 19th century. Europeans first reached the area in 1884. Because of the kingdom's relative isolation, it was not as affected by the slave trade as were the Kongo and Ndongo kingdoms on the coast.
The current reigning monarch, Kot-a-Mbweeky III, has been on the throne since 1968.
Kuba culture
Kuba art
The Kuba are known for their raffia embroidered textiles, fiber and beaded hats, carved palm wine cups and cosmetic boxes, but they are most famous for their monumental helmet masks, featuring exquisite geometric patterns, stunning fabrics, seeds, beads and shells.
The boxes, known as Kuba Boxes and called ngedi mu ntey by the Kuba, are generally used to hold tukula powder and paste. The boxes are usually in the shape of a square with a faceted lid, a semicircle (sometimes referred to as "half moon"), a rectangle or the shape of a mask. Sometimes they were used for holding razors for cutting raffia, hairpins or ritual objects.
Tukula (called twool by the Kuba) is a red powder made of ground cam wood. The color red is essential to the Kuba concept of beauty and was therefore used to ornament the face, hair and chest during dances and important ceremonies, as well as to anoint bodies for burial. Tukula was also mixed with other pigments to dye raffia cloth.
After 1700, King Misha mi-Shyaang a-Mbul introduced wooden sculptures called ndop figures that were carved to resemble the king and represent his individual reign. These figures always included the king's ibol or personal symbol, akin to a personal standard.
The carved palm-wine drinking cups and ornately carved boxes are identified with competition between titled court members among the Kuba. With half of all Bushoong men holding titles in the 1880s, competition for influence was sometimes fierce, and it found expression in the elaboration of these essentially commonplace household objects into works of extraordinary beauty.
Kuba religion and mythos
The Kuba believed in Bumba the Sky Father who spewed out the sun, moon, stars, and planets. He also created life with the Earth Mother. However these were somewhat distant deities, and the Kuba placed more immediate concern in a supernatural being named Woot, who named the animals and other things. Woot was the first human and bringer of civilization. The Kuba are sometimes known as the "Children of Woot."
See also
Lunda Kingdom
Luba Kingdom
William Henry Sheppard
References
Further reading
External links
An exhibit of Kuba art held at Clemson University in 2002
map of tribes in the area
Photos of Kuba Raffia Cloths
Kingdoms of the Savanna: The Kuba Kingdom
The Bwoom Mask of the Kuba People
Art & Life in Africa
Former countries in Africa
Former monarchies of Africa
Political history of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
1625 establishments in Africa
States and territories established in 1625
States and territories disestablished in 1900
Kasaï Province
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6903492
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egan%20Range
|
Egan Range
|
The Egan Range is a line of mountains in White Pine County, in eastern Nevada in the western United States. From Egan Creek near the historic community of Cherry Creek, the range runs south for approximately 108 miles (173 km), extending south of Shingle Peak in the northern part of Lincoln County. To the east are the large Steptoe Valley and the even longer Schell Creek Range. To the west are the White River Valley and the scenic White Pine Range. To the north is the Cherry Creek Range, while to the south is remote Cave Valley and the southern tip of the Schell Creek Range. It is named after the Egan Family that live in Montville.
The southern section of the range rises steadily, climbing to the high ridge of Ward Mountain. This crest is over 3 miles (5 km) long and, at elevations up to 10,936 feet (3333 m), includes the highest point of the range. The mountains then descend rapidly to the north, dropping to elevations below 6200 feet near the community of Ely.
North of Ely the Egan Range rises again at Heusser Mountain (9,411 ft, 2,868 m), approximately 5 miles west of the community of McGill. This northern group of mountains (which might be considered as a separate range) continues to Telegraph Peak (9918 ft, 3023 m), and then descends to Egan Creek, almost merging with the Cherry Creek Range.
See also
Bristlecone Wilderness
South Egan Range Wilderness
References
External links
Mountain ranges of White Pine County, Nevada
Mountain ranges of Nevada
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20472073
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SM%20U-23%20%28Austria-Hungary%29
|
SM U-23 (Austria-Hungary)
|
SM U-23 or U-XXIII was a or U-boat built for and operated by the Austro-Hungarian Navy ( or ) during the First World War. The design for U-23 was based on that of the submarines of the Royal Danish Navy's Havmanden class (which had been designed by Whitehead & Co. in Fiume), and was largely obsolete by the beginning of the war.
U-23 was just over long and was armed with two bow torpedo tubes, a deck gun, and a machine gun. In February 1918, U-23 was sunk with all hands by the Italian torpedo boat Airone while attempting an attack on the Italian transport . U-23 had no wartime successes.
Design and construction
When it became apparent to the Austro-Hungarian Navy that the First World War would not be a short one, they moved to bolster their U-boat fleet by seizing the plans for the Danish Havmanden class submarines, which had been designed by Whitehead & Co. in Fiume, who had built three units. Although the Austro-Hungarian Navy was not happy with the design, which was largely obsolete, it was the only design for which plans were available and which could be begun immediately in domestic shipyards. The Austro-Hungarian Navy unenthusiastically placed orders for U-23 and her three sister boats on 27 March 1915.
U-23 was one of two boats of the class to be built at the Hungarian UBAG yard in Fiume. Due to demands by the Hungarian government, subcontracts for the class were divided between Hungarian and Austrian firms, and this politically expedient solution worsened technical problems with the design, resulting in numerous modifications and delays for the class in general.
U-23 was an ocean-going submarine that displaced surfaced and submerged and was designed for a complement of 18. She was long with a beam of and a draft of . For propulsion, she featured a single shaft, a single diesel engine for surface running, and a single electric motor for submerged travel. She was capable of while surfaced and while submerged. Although there is no specific notation of a range for U-23, the Havmanden class, upon which the U-20 class was based, had a range of at , surfaced, and at submerged.
U-23 was armed with two torpedo tubes located in the front and carried a complement of two torpedoes. She was also equipped with a /26 deck gun and an machine gun.
Service career
U-23 was launched on 5 January 1917, but It is not known with certainty when U-23 was commissioned. Author Paul Halpern reports that U-23 and her three sisters all entered service between August and November 1917. Although there are no specific reports of problems with U-23, the U-20 class as a whole suffered from unreliable engines which compounded the poor handling characteristics of the boats.
On 21 February 1918, Linienschiffsleutnant Klemens Ritter von Bezard, U-23s only commanding officer, was guiding the boat in an attack on the Italian transport in the Straits of Otranto. U-23 came under attack by the Italian torpedo boat Airone which first tried to ram the U-boat, and then deployed an explosive paravane. When the paravane contacted the submerged U-23, it exploded, blowing debris into the air and sinking the submarine with all hands. Like all of her sister boats, U-23 had no wartime successes.
References
Bibliography
1917 ships
Maritime incidents in 1918
U-20-class submarines
U-boats commissioned in 1917
U-boats sunk in 1918
U-boats sunk by Italian warships
Ships built in Fiume
Ships lost with all hands
World War I shipwrecks in the Adriatic Sea
World War I submarines of Austria-Hungary
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20472093
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xylopia%20aromatica
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Xylopia aromatica
|
Xylopia aromatica is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family and the accepted name of Xylopia xylopioides.
It is a tree native to Cerrado grassland vegetation, particularly in the states of Goiás and Minas Gerais, in eastern Brazil.
References
External links
aromatica
Endemic flora of Brazil
Flora of the Cerrado
Flora of Goiás
Flora of Minas Gerais
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20472102
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emil%20Selenka
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Emil Selenka
|
Emil Selenka (27 February, 1842, Braunschweig – 20 February, 1902, Munich) was a German zoologist. He is known for his research on invertebrates and apes and the scientific expeditions he organized to Southeast Asia and South America.
Selenka was the son of bookbinder Johannes Selenka (1801–1871). He studied natural history at the University of Göttingen, and following a graduate dissertation on Holothuroidea, he remained in Göttingen as an assistant to Wilhelm Moritz Keferstein (1833-1870). His research was in this period mainly on the anatomy, taxonomy and embryology of marine invertebrates, especially organisms from the phylum Echinodermata. In 1868 he became a professor of zoology and comparative anatomy at the University of Leiden, followed by a professorship at the University of Erlangen in 1874. In 1895 he was given an honorary professorship at the University of Munich. He was co-founder of the journal Biologisches Zentralblatt.
His later research was on mammals. He studied the early development of the embryo and the development of the germ layer in mammals, and did comparative anatomic research on apes, especially gibbons and orangutans. He found evidence that the lateral distribution of orangutan races was caused by geographic isolation (a process called allopatric speciation). Selenka also examined the evolution of marsupials and their morphologic relation with reptiles. One problem he was interested in, was the evolutionary relation between Australian and South American marsupials.
In order to collect material, Selenka organized expeditions to tropical countries. In 1877 he undertook an expedition to Brasil. From 1892 he led an expedition that lasted two years to Southeast Asia, it visited Ceylon, the Dutch East Indies, Japan, China and Australia. Among the participants was his second wife, the zoologist and feminist Margarethe Selenka (1860-1922), whom he married in 1893. When Selenka became severely ill during his stay in the Dutch East Indies and had to return to Germany, his wife continued exploring the jungles of Borneo by herself. The couple wrote a report of their journeys together, titled "Sonnige Welten- Ostasiatische Reiseskizzen". Other publications by Emil Selenka are:
Beiträge zur Anatomie und Systematik der Holothurien, (1867).
Zoologische Studien, (1878).
Studien über Entwickelungsgeschichte der Thiere, (12 volumes, 1883–1913, with Ambrosius Hubrecht).
"Report on the Gephyrea, collected by H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-1876"; (published in English, 1885).
Zoologisches Taschenbuch für Studierende zum Gebrauch bei Vorlesungen und praktischen Übungen zusammengestellt, (1897).
Between 1873 and 1874 and again from 1889 Selenka was a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.
Literature
; 1922: Emil Selenka, ein Gedenkblatt zur achtzigsten Wiederkehr seines Geburtstages am 27. Februar, Naturwissenschaften 10(8), pp 179-181.
References
External links
Zeno.org, translated biography
Baltic and North East Atlantic Taxa, Biographical Etymology of Marine Organism Names
Scientists from Braunschweig
People from the Duchy of Brunswick
1842 births
1902 deaths
Leiden University faculty
Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
University of Erlangen-Nuremberg faculty
19th-century German zoologists
Members of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences
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20472147
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xylopia%20sericea
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Xylopia sericea
|
Xylopia sericea is a species of plant in the Annonaceae family. It is native to Cerrado vegetation in Brazil.
References
sericea
Endemic flora of Brazil
Flora of the Cerrado
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20472181
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne%20Brown%20%28game%20designer%29
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Anne Brown (game designer)
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Anne K. Brown is a writer and editor in the role-playing game industry.
Career
Brown began working as an Assistant editor for Dragon magazine in 1989, on issues #147 to #151 (July–November 1989). She was later transferred to TSR's Games Division. She worked mostly as an editor, although she did design a number of modules and supplements including Falcon's Revenge, Falconmaster, and Flames of the Falcon (Greyhawk, 1990, with Richard W. Brown), Ship of Horror (Ravenloft, 1991), Unsung Heroes (Dragonlance, 1992), Aurora's Whole Realms Catalog (Forgotten Realms, 1992), and Children of the Night: Ghosts (Ravenloft, 1997). Brown was a vocal advocate within TSR of the Greyhawk setting, and designed the Player's Guide to Greyhawk (1998). Brown's Player's Guide to Greyhawk and Roger E. Moore's Return of the Eight and The Adventure Begins returned TSR to Greyhawk, and according to Shannon Appelcline "moved the setting's metaplot well beyond the Greyhawk Wars to a new era that that was lighter and more magical than that of From the Ashes".
Brown left TSR in August 1997, and did work for Fast Forward Entertainment from 2002-2003. She has also written educational nonfiction books for middle schoolers.
Publications
Co-author of The Storyteller’s Thesaurus (Chenault & Gray Publishing, 2013)
Author of middle grade biography, Roger Federer (Lucent Books, 2011)
Author of middle grade biography, Katy Perry (Lucent Books, 2011)
Author of middle grade nonfiction, Migraines (Lucent Books, 2010)
Author of middle grade nonfiction, Virtual Danger: Staying Safe Online (Compass Point Books, 2009)
Author of middle grade biography, Gwen Stefani (Lucent Books, 2009)
Author of middle grade biography, John Adams (Blackbirch Press, 2003)
Author of young adult novel, Bigby’s Curse (TSR, Inc., 1995)
Co-author of fantasy novels, Pools of Darkness and Pool of Twilight (TSR, Inc., 1992 & 1993)
Short Stories
"The Wolf in the Shadows," 2016, Lunar Resorts Anthology, The 77 Lost Worlds: An Apocalyptic Space game, FireSide Creations LLC
References
External links
21st-century American women
American women writers
Dungeons & Dragons game designers
Living people
Women science fiction and fantasy writers
Year of birth missing (living people)
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20472187
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garibong
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Garibong
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Garibong is a mountain in the county of Inje, Gangwon-do, in South Korea. It has an elevation of .
See also
List of mountains in Korea
Notes
References
Mountains of South Korea
Inje County
Mountains of Gangwon Province, South Korea
One-thousanders of South Korea
zh:加里峰
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20472216
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser%20Tank%20%28disambiguation%29
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Laser Tank (disambiguation)
|
The Laser Tank is a fictional vehicle in the Space 1999 television series.
Laser Tank may also refer to:
1K17 Szhatie, Soviet laser tank
LaserTank, a 1995 computer puzzle game
Laser Tank (board game), a 1980 board game published by Judges Guild
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23578738
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triple%20J%20Hottest%20100%2C%202009
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Triple J Hottest 100, 2009
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The 2009 Triple J's Hottest 100 Volume 17, was announced on Australia Day 26 January 2010. It is the seventeenth countdown of the most popular songs of the year, as chosen by the listeners of Australian radio station Triple J.
Voting commenced on Boxing Day, 26 December 2009, and closed on 17 January 2010. 1.1 million votes were received, a record number.
Controversy began when it was rumoured that the winner had been unintentionally leaked by the ABC. The ABC Shop website promoted the February issue of Jmag with a description stating "Topping the 2009 countdown is Mumford & Sons' 'Little Lion Man'". Triple J neither confirmed nor denied the rumour with some even claiming it was a hoax, amounting to a clever marketing campaign. The leak led Sportingbet Australia to close all betting on the countdown. The leak proved to be accurate. For the first time, the number one song was performed live on air by the winning artist, Mumford & Sons, from Triple J studios, followed by the studio version of the song.
Full list
Note: Australian artists
101 was "(Ain't) Telling the Truth" by Bluejuice.
Artists with multiple entries
Four entries
Muse (9, 19, 35, 84)
Florence and the Machine (10, 44, 45, 90)
Three entries
Kasabian (17, 51, 85)
The Temper Trap (21, 48, 58)
Flight of the Conchords (24, 30, 86)
Sia (Two solo and one with Flight of the Conchords) (24, 50, 72)
Two entries
Mumford & Sons (1, 81)
Art vs. Science (2, 74)
Hilltop Hoods (3, 37)
Phoenix (4, 13)
La Roux (6, 27)
Lily Allen (8, 60)
Yeah Yeah Yeahs (11, 25)
Dizzee Rascal (12, 80)
Passion Pit (20, 38)
Vampire Weekend (22, 52)
The Bloody Beetroots (23, 43)
Sarah Blasko (28, 29)
Karnivool (47, 63)
Bertie Blackman (71, 93)
The Middle East (64, 87)
Regina Spektor (94, 97)
Dave Grohl (Once with Them Crooked Vultures and once with the Foo Fighters) (98, 100)
Countries represented
: 37
: 29
: 23
: 4
: 3
: 2
: 2
: 1
The 37 Australian songs is the fewest since 1997.
This was the first year to not feature an artist from USA in the top 10.
Top 20 Albums of 2009
Bold indicates winner. Sarah Blasko won the J Award for As Day Follows Night.
Nations represented
– 7
– 7
– 4
– 1
– 1
CD release
Triple J's Hottest 100 Volume 17 is the compilation featuring the best of the Top 100 voted tracks on two CDs.
Notes
References
Official list from abc.net.au
2009 in Australian music
Australia Triple J Hottest 100
2009
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20472226
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuscule%202813
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Minuscule 2813
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Minuscule 2813 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on 151 parchment leaves (11.9 cm by 9.5 cm). Dated paleographically to the 13th century.
Description
The codex contains Luke and John with some lacunae. The text is written in one column per page, in 19 lines per page. It contains a miniature before Gospel of John. It is rubbed. The manuscript was bound with John preceding Luke. The leaves are numbered and according to these numbers Luke preceded John before bounding.
Kurt Aland the Greek text of the codex did not place in any Category.
It was not examined by the Claremont Profile Method.
Currently the codex is in private hands.
See also
List of New Testament minuscules (2001–)
Textual criticism
References
External links
Images of manuscript 2813 at the CSNTM
Greek New Testament minuscules
13th-century biblical manuscripts
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23578746
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuglow%20River
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Tuglow River
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The Tuglow River, a perennial river that is part of the Hawkesbury-Nepean catchment, is located in the Central Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
The Tuglow River rises on the eastern slopes of the Great Dividing Range south of Shooters Hill, and flows generally south southeast and then northeast, before reaching its confluence with the Kowmung River, near its junction with the Hollanders River. The river descends over its course.
In its lower reaches, the river adjoins Nattai National Park.
See also
List of rivers of Australia
List of rivers of New South Wales (L–Z)
Rivers of New South Wales
References
Rivers of New South Wales
Central Tablelands
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20472291
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panafest
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Panafest
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The Pan African Historical Theatre Project now known as PANAFEST is a cultural event held in Ghana every two years for Africans and people of African descent. It was first held in 1992. The idea of this festival is to promote and enhance unity, Pan-Africanism, and the development of the continent of Africa itself. Activities that occur at this festival are performances and work in the areas of theatre, drama, music, and poetry, among other things. Also, there are viewing of the durbar of chiefs, and tours to various places of interest, such as slave castle dungeons.
Impetus and objectives
PANAFEST was mooted by the late Efua Sutherland in the mid-1980s as a cultural vehicle for bringing Africans on the continent and in the diaspora together around the issues raised by slavery that remain suppressed. PANAFEST addresses the most traumatic interruption that ever occurred in the natural evolution of African societies, which among other traumas profoundly eroded the self-confidence and freedom for self-determination of a whole people. Ghana’s coastline is dotted with now silent memorials to over 500 years of this most turbulent era in Africa’s history, which the festival consciously makes a site for confronting the effects of enslavement, purging the pain of the diaspora, acknowledging the residual effects of the trade on the African continent and re-uniting to forge a positive future in the contemporary global environment.
Alongside the healing processes, PANAFEST celebrates the strengths and resilience of African culture and achievements of Africans in spite of the transatlantic slave trade and its aftermath. It is designed to help Africans to reconnect with their strengths and thus be inspired to eternal vigilance, rededicate themselves to fully assuming the reigns of their own destiny in recognition of the lessons of history.
There are today urgent developments making this proudly Ghanaian initiative a vital and relevant platform that provides members of the African family with the opportunity to engage with each other in forthright communication. Among these are negatives such as human trafficking from the continent, the brain drain, marginalization of Africans in a global knowledge economy, the renewed surge of external pursuit of African natural resources and the slowness of African unification. There are also positive factors including enabling global conventions and coalitions and African initiatives to establish transnational businesses, add value to community initiatives, take advantage of technologies and mobilize the strength of Africans around the globe.
PANAFEST and the Ghanaian State
PANAFEST is an international event that, as has happened since Independence in the mid-20th century, makes Ghana a motivational force for African peoples. Since 1992, the festival has attracted participation by official delegations, individuals and groups from African, Caribbean and South American countries, as well as groups and individuals from Europe and the United States. The government of Ghana considers this a major national initiative and appreciates the agencies, communities, civil society organizations and corporate bodies which have mobilized resources to complement government efforts over the years. The government of Ghana is also deeply appreciative of all sister governments for their participation and the African Union for lending its auspices to this unique cultural manifestation.
References
External links
PANAFEST website
Festivals in Ghana
African society
African culture
African Union
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17336563
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapoel%20Holon%20B.C.
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Hapoel Holon B.C.
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Hapoel Holon Basketball Club () known for sponsorship reasons as Hapoel UNET Holon () is a professional basketball club based in Holon in Israel. The team plays in the Israeli Basketball Premier League (the top tier of Israeli basketball) and internationally in the Basketball Champions League. The team currently plays in the Holon Toto Hall, which is home to 5,500 spectators.
One of Hapoel Holon most prominent title victories would come in 2008 as the club would pull one of the biggest upsets in league history defeating perennial champions Maccabi Tel Aviv in the Premier League final. The club would also go on to win the Israeli Basketball State Cup in 2009 defeating Maccabi Haifa and also in 2018 defeating Maccabi Tel Aviv. Hapoel Holon would win its first ever international title in 2021 in the form of the Balkan International Basketball League defeating Bulgarian side Academic Plovdiv.
History
The club was founded in 1947. It was one of the founding clubs of the top division in 1954, finishing second in their first season.
Holon returned to the top division at the end of the 2006–07 season after playing for 7 years in the second and third divisions. They finished the 2007–08 regular season at the top of the table. They reached the Playoff Final, where they defeated Maccabi Tel Aviv 73–72 to claim their first championship, with Malik Dixon scoring the winning shot two seconds prior to the end of the game. P. J. Tucker won the MVP title. It was the first time Maccabi Tel Aviv had failed to win the championship in 14 years.
The club has reached the final of the State Cup six times, but did not pick up their first prize in that competition until 2009, when Brian Tolbert hit a three-pointer as time expired to give them a 69–68 win over Maccabi Haifa in that year's final.
On January 16, 2010, the club celebrated its 1,000th game in the Ligat HaAl. In the 2009–10 season, the club was under scrutiny after failing to pay the balance of the prior year's staff and players throughout the end of the season.
In 2018, Holon won its second State Cup after beating Maccabi Tel Aviv in the Final, behind MVP Glen Rice Jr.
Arena
Between the years 1953–2015, Hapoel Holon played its home games in the May 1 hall in Holon, Also known as the "tin hall" due to its being made of tin-like irons. It was inaugurated on the 5th Independence Day of the State of Israel, in 1953, in a game against Hapoel Tel Aviv, in which Hapoel Holon won 41:38. The hall was the first in the country to have lighting installed that made it possible to play in the dark.
Due to its low capacity of 2,800 seats, the tin hall was deemed unfit for hosting Israeli basketball premiere league games.
In 2012, A construction began of a new Hall in Park Peres - the Holon Toto Hall, named after Ofer Eshed, an iconic Hapoel Holon player in the past.
Since its completion in 2015, Hapoel Holon plays its home games at in the 5,500 seat Holon Toto Hall.
Honours
Total titles: 5
Domestic
Israeli Championships
Winners (2): 2008, 2022
Runners-up (3): 1954, 1955, 2018
semi-finals (9): 1983, 1985, 1986, 1988, 1995, 1999, 2008, 2012, 2018
State Cup
Winners (2): 2009, 2018
Runners-up (5): 1959, 1961, 1986, 1991, 1995
League Cup
Runner-up (2): 2011, 2020
European
Basketball Champions League
Semifinalist (1): 2021–22
Final 8 (1): 2020–21
FIBA Europe Cup
Semifinalist (1): 2018–19
Regional competitions
Balkan League
Winners (1): 2020–21
Season by season
Colors and mascot
The team's colors are yellow and purple after a Jewish American fan of the Los Angeles Lakers donated uniforms in the colors of his favorite club. Before that, the team played in red and white uniforms, like almost every 'Hapoel' team.
For many years Holon's mascot was a tiger. It appeared on the team's logo for many years and in the 1990s the team's logo read 'Hapoel Tigers Holon'. After the team won the 2007–08 National League championship, and upgraded to the first division, the old symbol was changed and redesigned, keeping Holon's symbol, the tiger.
Players
Current roster
Depth chart
Notable players
Holon's best homegrown player was Ofer Eshed who played for the club between 1957 and 1972. He is the all-time points leader in the team, with 7,495 points.
Israel Elimelech (nicknamed – The King) is considered to be the club's biggest symbol. He played in Holon during two decades, and led the team to many successful seasons in the Premier League. He played on the legendary home-grown team of Holon in the 1980s, with Niv Boogin (Doctor Boogin), Motti Daniel, Avi Maor, and the Israeli-American player Mike Carter (The Crazy – Meshugah), who was known for driving the fans crazy. Other notable players were: Tzahi Peled, Danny Hadar, Rami Zeig, and from very early days and the contingent of ex Egyptian players: Marcel Hefetz.
The team's 2 titles were won by 2 winning baskets, scored by the 2007–08 PG Malik Dixon, and 2008–09 SG Brian Tolbert. Dixon scored a two-pointer 2 seconds before the end of the championship match against Maccabi Tel-Aviv, leaving Maccabi a 2-second possession which they failed to score in. Tolbert scored a three-point buzzer-beater in the cup final, after he got the ball from an inbound pass by Deron Washington.
Over the years the club has signed several former NBA players, including P. J. Tucker, Ken Bannister, Clarence Kea, Cliff Pondexter, Albert King, Richard Dumas, and Dominic McGuire. John Thomas, who played in the 2009–10 season, is also a former NBA player, with a history in five teams, including the New Jersey Nets and Atlanta Hawks.
Ofer Eshed 13 seasons: '57–'72
Rami Zeig-Barak 13 seasons: '57–'72
Moti Daniel 9 seasons: '78–'85, '99–'01
Niv Boogin 14 seasons: '78–'91, '95–'96
Israel Elimelech 16 seasons: '78–'92, '95–'97
Ofer Fleischer 4 seasons: '82–'83, '99–'02
Mike Carter 5 seasons: '82–'84, '92–'95
Clarence Kea 1 season: '84–'85
Desi Barmore 6 seasons: '84–'90
Ken Bannister 1 season: '86–'87
Joe Dawson 2 seasons: '87–'88, '01–'02
Earl Williams 2 seasons: '88–'89, '90–'91
Ben McDonald 1 season: '88–'89
Richard Dumas 1 season: '90–'91
Kobi Baloul 6 seasons: '90–'94, '99–'01
David Henderson 2 seasons: '92–'94
Richard Rellford 1 season: '93–'94
David Thirdkill 1 season: '94–'95
Shelton Jones 2 seasons: '94–'95, '96
Yoav Saffar 4 seasons: '94–'98
Milt Wagner 1 season: '95–'96
Derrick Hamilton 1 season: '95–'96
Joe Wylie 2 seasons: '97–'98, '00–'01
Greg Sutton 1 season: '98–'99
Moshe Mizrahi 3 seasons: '98–'01
Corey Crowder 1 season: '99–'00
Dušan Bocevski 1 season: '99–'00
P. J. Tucker 1 season: '07–'08
Malik Dixon 1 season: '07–'08
Tre Simmons 1 season: '07–'08
Eric Campbell 1 season: '07–'08
Chris Watson 2 seasons: '07–'09
Moran Roth 3 seasons: '07–'08, '10–'12
Guni Israeli 5 seasons: '07–'08, '13–'17
Elton Brown 1 season: '08
Luis Flores 1 season: '08–'09
Deron Washington 1 season: '08–'09
Dwayne Mitchell 1 season: '09–'10
John Thomas 1 season: '09–'10
Saša Bratić 1 season: '10
Richard Melzer 1 season: '10–'11
Jamie Arnold 1 season: '10–'11
Bryant Dunston 1 season: '11–'12
Ron Lewis 1 season: '11–'12
Shlomi Harush 8 seasons: '11–'15, '16–present
Dominic Waters 1 season: '12–'13
Jerome Dyson 1 season: '12–'13
Frank Hassell 1 season: '12–'13
Laurence Bowers 1 season: '13–'14
Scottie Reynolds 3 seasons: '13–'14, '16, '19
Isaac Rosefelt 3 seasons: '13–'16
Dominic McGuire 1 season: '14–'15
Tony Crocker 1 season: '14–'15
Jordan Taylor 2 seasons: '14–'15, '16–'17
Will Clyburn 1 season: '15–'16
James Bell 1 season: '16–'17
Darion Atkins 2 seasons: '16–'17, '18–'19
Khalif Wyatt 2 seasons: '16–'17, '18–'19
Tu Holloway 1.5 seasons: '16–'18
Glen Rice Jr. 1 season: '17–'18
TaShawn Thomas 1 season: '17–'18
Tamir Blatt 1 season: '17–'18
Joe Alexander 2 seasons: '17–'18, '19–present
Corey Walden 2 seasons: '17–'19
DeQuan Jones 1 season: '18–'19
Ofer Yaakobi
Chaim Zlotikman
References
External links
Official website
Holoniafans – The Official fansite
Fansite – The Kometz From Gate 3
Holon
Basketball teams established in 1947
Holon
Israeli Basketball Premier League teams
Sport in Holon
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20472313
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museum%20of%20Art%20of%20Puerto%20Rico
|
Museum of Art of Puerto Rico
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The Museum of Art of Puerto Rico (Spanish: Museo de Arte de Puerto Rico, abbreviated MAPR) is an art museum in Santurce, a barrio of San Juan, Puerto Rico, with 18 exhibition halls. The museum is located in a historic building, formerly occupied by the San Juan Municipal Hospital.
History
The museum building, designed by architect William H. Shimmelphening and built in 1920, is the remaining building in the former ruined complex of the San Juan Municipal Hospital. The building served as a hospital until 1966 when most of its body was moved to the newly inaugurated Centro Médico de Río Piedras (Río Piedras Medical Center). Afterwards it served as office space for the Puerto Rico Department of Transportation and Public Works until 1975.
The idea behind the Puerto Rico Museum of Art dates to 1995, when the Puerto Rico Tourism Company (Spanish: Compañía de Turismo de Puerto Rico) with funding by the Government Development Bank for Puerto Rico (Banco Gubernamental de Fomento, BGF). Instead of demolishing the building, the old structure was incorporated into the new museum building.
Gallery
See also
Graphopoli
References
Art museums and galleries in Puerto Rico
Museums in San Juan, Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico
Museum of Art of Puerto Rico
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17336600
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AM-087
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AM-087
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AM-087 (part of the AM cannabinoid series) is an analgesic drug which acts as a cannabinoid agonist. It is a derivative of Δ8-THC, substituted on the 3-position side chain. AM-087 is a potent CB1 agonist with a Ki of 0.43 nM, making it around 100 times more potent than THC itself. This is most likely due to the bulky bromine substituent on the side chain.
See also
AM-411
References
Benzochromenes
Phenols
Organobromides
AM cannabinoids
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17336709
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Croker
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John Croker
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John Croker is the name of:
John Croker (engraver) (1670–1741), earlier Johann Crocker, German-born engraver who worked mostly in Great Britain
John Croker (politician) (1680-1751), Irish politician
John Wilson Croker (1780–1857), Irish politician and author
See also
John Coker (disambiguation)
John Crocker (disambiguation)
John Croke (disambiguation)
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20472326
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isileli%20Tupou
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Isileli Tupou
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Isileli Tupou also known as Kaiongo Tupou (born 26 October 1984) in Tofua, Tonga) is a rugby union player who plays at center. He currently plays with the Lille Métropole Rugby in the Federale 1 in France.
References
1984 births
Living people
Tongan rugby union players
People from Haʻapai
Rugby union centres
Tonga international rugby union players
Tongan expatriate rugby union players
Expatriate rugby union players in France
Tongan expatriate sportspeople in France
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23578752
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuross%20River
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Tuross River
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The Tuross River, an open semi-mature wave dominated barrier estuary or perennial stream, is located in the South Coast region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Tuross River rises of the eastern slopes of the Kybeyan Range, part of the Great Dividing Range, below Mount Kydra on the western edge of Wadbilliga National Park, not far from Cooma. The river flows generally north, east and northeast, joined by fourteen tributaries including the Back River and Wadbilliga rivers, before spilling into Tuross Lake and reaching its mouth at the Tasman Sea of the South Pacific Ocean at Tuross Head. The river descends over its course.
The catchment area of the river is with a volume of over a surface area of , at an average depth of .
North of the town of Bodalla, the Princes Highway crosses the Tuross River.
Gallery
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of New South Wales (L–Z)
List of rivers of Australia
Mordacia praecox
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
South Coast (New South Wales)
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20472329
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workers%20Party%20of%20Hungary
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Workers Party of Hungary
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The Workers Party of Hungary (, MÁMP) was a political party in Hungary, founded around the time of the 1878 election. The mainly made up by socialists from Budapest, and the party strove to create trade unions and fought for minimum wage and a 10-hour working day. The main organ of the party was Népszava. The party was in conflict with the other contemporary Hungarian socialist party, the Non-Voters Party, which it accused of being government stooges. In 1880 the two parties did however merge, forming the Hungarian General Labour Party.
References
Political parties in Austria-Hungary
Political parties established in 1878
1878 establishments in Austria-Hungary
Socialist parties in Hungary
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17336713
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miranda%20Municipality%2C%20M%C3%A9rida
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Miranda Municipality, Mérida
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Miranda is one of the 23 municipalities (municipios) that makes up the Venezuelan state of Mérida and, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 22,879. The town of Timotes is the shire town of the Miranda Municipality. The municipality is one of several in Venezuela named Miranda Municipality after the Venezuelan revolutionary and independence hero Francisco de Miranda.
See also
Timotes
Mérida
Municipalities of Venezuela
References
External links
miranda-merida.gob.ve
Municipalities of Mérida (state)
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17336717
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative%20value
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Negative value
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Negative value may refer to:
Negative predictive value in statistics
Negative ethic or philosophic value
Negative pricing
insolvency
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20472330
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bank%20of%20the%20Nation%20%28Peru%29
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Bank of the Nation (Peru)
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The Bank of the Nation, known in Spanish as the Banco de la Nación, is the bank which represents the Peruvian government in financial transactions in both the public and private sectors, as well as at both domestic and international levels. It is a state institution, but it should not be confused with the Central Reserve Bank of Peru, the central bank which coins money. The BN (its official Spanish initials) belongs to the Peruvian Ministry of Economy and Finance. Its headquarters is located in the San Isidro District of Lima, the capital of Peru.
History
The BN was created January 27, 1966, by Law 16000, approved by the Peruvian congress and was signed into law by the then-president Fernando Belaúnde Terry. Its predecessors date to 1905, when José Pardo created the Caja de Depósitos y Consignaciones or Bank of Deposits and Consignments.
The Bank of the Nation has function uninterrupted since its creation. Currently, it employs its own system of ATMs and provides its own credit and debit cards.
Functions
Throughout the years, the bank's functions have either been expanded or reduced according to the policies of the current government although its most basic functions usually never change. Currently, the Bank of the Nation is used to:
Provide payment services in accordance with the policies of the General Directory of the Public Treasury
Provide collection services on behalf of tax creditors
Perform operations on behalf of sub-accounts of the public treasury
Act as the primary financial agency of the state
Act on the behalf of other banks and financial institutions in the channeling of resources
Participate in the foreign commerce transactions of the state
Grant credit to the Central Government, to Regional governments, and to local governments, in cases when they have not been granted by the National Finance System
Credit granted by the bank is not subject to the limits established by the General Law of Banking, Financial, and Insurance institutions
Provide correspondence services
Provide services to accounts of entities belonging both the National public sector and state providers
Receive savings deposits in locations where private banks don't have offices
Distribution
Branch offices can be found in every Peruvian province, with a total of 403 branch offices, of which 87% are located in rural areas of the country where private banks do not operate
External links
Bank of the Nation
Ministry of Economy and Finance
Banks of Peru
Economy of Peru
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23578754
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Undowah%20River
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Undowah River
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The Undowah River, a perennial river of the Snowy River catchment, is located in the Monaro region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
The Undowah River rises on the southern slopes of Thoko Hill, near the locality of Bellevue, southwest of Bemboka. The river flows generally south by west, joined by one minor tributary before reaching its confluence with the Bombala River near the village of Bibbenluke, northeast of Bombala. The river descends over its course.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
List of rivers of New South Wales (L-Z)
List of rivers of Australia
References
Rivers of New South Wales
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17336718
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desert%20Garden%20Conservatory
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Desert Garden Conservatory
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The Desert Garden Conservatory is a large botanical greenhouse and part of the Huntington Library, Art Collections and Botanical Gardens, in San Marino, California. It was constructed in 1985. The Desert Garden Conservatory is adjacent to the Huntington Desert Garden itself. The Garden houses one of the most important collections of cacti and other succulent plants in the world, including a large number of rare and endangered species. The Desert Garden Conservatory serves The Huntington and public communities as a conservation facility, research resource and genetic diversity preserve. John N. Trager is the Desert Collection curator.
There are an estimated 10,000 succulents worldwide, about 1,500 of them classified as cacti. The Huntington Desert Garden Conservatory now contains more than 2,200 accessions, representing more than 43 plant families, 1,261 different species and subspecies, and 246 genera. The plant collection contains examples from the world's major desert regions, including the southern United States, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Brazil, Canary Islands, Madagascar, Malawi, Mexico and South Africa. The Desert Collection plays a critical role as a repository of biodiversity, in addition to serving as an outreach and education center.
Propagation program to save rare and endangered plants
Some studies estimate that as many as two-thirds of the world’s flora and fauna may become extinct during the course of the 21st century, the result of global warming and encroaching development. Scientists alarmed by these prospects are working diligently to propagate plants outside their natural habitats, in protected areas. Ex-situ cultivation, as this practice is known, can serve as a stopgap for plants that will otherwise be lost to the world as their habitats disappear. To this end, The Huntington has a program to protect and plant propagate endangered plant species, designated International Succulent Introductions (ISI).
The aim of the ISI program is to propagate and distribute new or rare succulents to collectors, nurseries and institutions to further research and appreciation of these remarkable plants. The ISI distributes as many as 40 new succulent varieties every year. Field-collected plants, cuttings or seeds are not sold, only seedlings, grafts and rooted cuttings produced under nursery conditions without detriment to wild populations.
The Schick hybrids
The Schick hybrids are derived primarily from crosses of Harry Johnson’s Paramount hybrids, created in the 1930s and 40s, and from successive crosses of their progeny. Like the Paramount hybrids, the Schick hybrids can flower several times in a season and, with increasing age, can produce greater numbers of flowers. Under the Huntington’s growing conditions the first flush of flowers is typically in April with successive flushes occurring in May, June and July, and, in some hybrids, even into August, September and October. These horticultural-significant cultivars are also available through The Huntington’s ISI program.
Interior images of the Desert Garden Conservatory
Plants in the Desert Garden Conservatory
Cactaceae
Other families represented
See also
Huntington Desert Garden
Greenhouse
Solar greenhouse (technical)
Seasonal thermal energy storage (STES)
cactus
cacti
References
External links
Cactus and Succulent Society of America
Huntington
Huntington
Huntington Library
Greenhouses in California
Cactus gardens
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20472350
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snowdon%20Theatre%20%28Montreal%29
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Snowdon Theatre (Montreal)
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The Snowdon Theatre was a Streamline Moderne style cinema in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, located on Decarie Boulevard in the neighbourhood of Snowdon. After the theater closed, it was re-purposed as mini-shopping center with gymnastics studio, and then later demolished to build condominiums. Only its exterior facade partially survives.
History
The theater opened in February 1937 with a lavish art deco interior by designer Emmanuel Briffa, designer of the interior of the Rialto Theatre and 60 other cinemas in Canada.
In 1950 the entrance facade was modified and a new marquee was added. In 1968 it showed X-rated movies. In 1972 it screened Charlie Chaplin films for approximately an entire year. The cinema closed in May 1982 and was vacant. In 1990 it was re-purposed as a small shopping center. The 25,000 square foot interior was rebuilt by Rafid Louis and Emile Fattal, splitting the theater into two floors and sub-dividing the remaining space. The theater's original wall and ceiling art deco remained intact on the second floor, where a gymnastics center operated for a number of years. In 2013 the building was vacant again, then boarded up and left abandoned.
Demolition
The building was not a success with its retail shopping and offices and by the late 1990s was mostly vacant. Flexart Gymnastics, the last tenant, was evicted in late 2013 due to safety concerns with the building's roof.
In January 2016, the city of Montreal, who owned the building, put it up for sale. On March 26, 2016 a fire on the second floor caused heavy damage to the roof. On May 4, 2017, the city found a buyer, who planned to demolish it for either a commercial or residential building project. The sale went through on February 3, 2018 for $1.6 million, with the only condition that the building's exterior front facade and sign be preserved.
In April 2019, the building was completely demolished, with only the front façade wall left standing and attached marquee (that had been modified in the late 80's with a French descriptor). As of April 2021, the condominiums are under construction and its remaining facade heavily modified.
References
External links
Photographs of surviving art deco elements at the Snowdon Theater
Photography Snowdon Theater 2015
Theatres in Montreal
Landmarks in Montreal
Former cinemas in Montreal
Streamline Moderne architecture in Canada
Côte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-Grâce
Burned buildings and structures in Canada
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20472390
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CFCC
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CFCC
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CFCC may refer to:
Education
Cape Fear Community College, in Wilmington, North Carolina, United States
College of Central Florida (formerly Central Florida Community College), in Ocala, Florida, United States
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23578756
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urumbilum%20River
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Urumbilum River
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Urumbilum River, a perennial stream of the Clarence River catchment, is located in the Northern Tablelands and Northern Rivers districts of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
Urumbilum River rises on the eastern slopes of the Dorrigo Plateau, Great Dividing Range, east of Dorrigo in Bindarri National Park, and flows generally northeast and east, before reaching its confluence with the Orara River, northwest of Upper Orara. The river descends over its course; and flows through the Bindarri National Park in its upper reaches.
See also
Rivers of New South Wales
References
Rivers of New South Wales
Northern Tablelands
Northern Rivers
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20472392
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-Voters%20Party
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Non-Voters Party
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The Non-Voters Party (, NVP) was a socialist political party in Hungary, founded around the time of the 1878 election. At the founding meeting of the party, 79 delegates participated. The party sought to represent the non-enfranchised population, and advocated universal suffrage and democratic reforms. The party was led by Leó Frankel. In 1880 the party merged into the Hungarian General Labour Party.
References
Political parties in Austria-Hungary
Political parties established in 1878
Socialist parties in Hungary
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20472445
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megali%20Mantineia
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Megali Mantineia
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Megali Mantineia () is a mountain settlement in the municipal unit of Avia, Messenia, Greece. In 2011, it had a population of 191. It sits at 200 m above sea level, 2 km southeast of Avia, 3 km south of Mikri Mantineia and 10 km southeast of Kalamata. Many of its residents only stay there during the summer months.
Population
History
Ano Mantineia ("Upper Mantineia") or Ano Chora was first mentioned in 1463, as opposed to the older Mantineia on the coast. In the mid 18th century, it was an important settlement in the area of Zarnata (Ζαρνάτα). It had 59 families (around 277 people) in 1704. In the late 18th century the smaller settlement Mikri Mantineia was founded, and the older Ano Mantineia was renamed to Megali Mantineia ("Great Mantineia").
The village joined the municipality of Avia in 1835. From the mid 19th century, a part of the population moved into the seaside areas including Palaiochora (now Avia), Archontiko and Akrogiali. Still Megali Mantineia kept a large population: 413 in 1851, 469 in 1879 and 424 in 1907. In 1914 Megali Mantineia became an independent community which included the new settlements. In 1924 the seat of the community moved to the seaside village Palaiochora. In 1926 both the settlement Palaiochora and the community were renamed to Avia.
Points of interests
Koskaras/Sandava cave
Katafygi, an inaccessible cave
The deserted settlement Koka
The old school, built in 1743-53
Sources
Theodoros Belitsos Ta Altomira tis Exo Manis (Τα Αλτομιρά της Έξω Μάνης (Ιστορία-Οικογένειες-Τοπωνύμια) = Altomira in Outer Mani (History-Family-Toponyms), 1999
See also
List of settlements in Messenia
Mikri Mantineia
References
External links
Megali Madinia at the GTP Travel Pages
Populated places in Messenia
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23578759
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wadbilliga%20River
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Wadbilliga River
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The Wadbilliga River is a perennial stream of the Tuross River catchment that is located in the South Coast region of New South Wales, Australia.
Course and features
The Wadbilliga River rises on the western slopes of Mount Wadbilliga, located within Wadbilliga National Park and part of the Kybeyan Range, within the Great Dividing Range. The river flows generally north, east northeast, east by south, and then northeast, before reaching its confluence with the Tuross River, east of the locale of Belowa. The river descends over its course.
See also
List of rivers of Australia
List of rivers in New South Wales (L-Z)
Rivers of New South Wales
References
External links
Rivers of New South Wales
South Coast (New South Wales)
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