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23579100 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyvia%20River | Lyvia River | The Lyvia River is a river of Fiordland, New Zealand. It rises in the Dingwall Mountains and flows north-eastward into Doubtful Sound at Deep Cove.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rivers of Fiordland |
23579105 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kylie%20Dowling | Kylie Dowling | Kylie Dowling (born 1974) is an Australian Polocrosse rider. Dowling competed for many years, and retired in 2008. She rode in Australia's winning team 2007 in the United Kingdom at the Polocrosse World Cup. In 2008, Dowling also won Best Number 1 Women's Rider at the Polocrosse Nationals in Perth. Dowling's most successful horse was Kebarinup Lisa.
She was born in Western Australia.
Career
2001 Great Southern Zone Polocrosse Women's Winner
2001 great southern zone Polocrosse Women's R/U in Australian champs.
2000 WA Women's Polocrosse Naracoorte.
1999 WA Vs Zimbabwe mixed Polocrosse.
1998 WA Women's Polocrosse
Won Aust Zone Championships.
See also
Women's sport in Australia
References
External links
Polocrosse Worldwide Article
2008 Polocrosse Nationals Results
Living people
1974 births
Sportswomen from Western Australia |
17341340 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phillipps | Phillipps | Phillipps is both a given name and an English surname. Notable people with the name include:
"Phillipps" has also been a shortened version of Philippson, a German surname especially prevalent amongst German Jews and Dutch Jews.
People with the given name Phillipps:
Ambrose Lisle March Phillipps De Lisle (1809–1878), founder of a Trappist abbey
John Phillipps Kenyon (1927–1996), British historian
People with the surname Phillipps:
Anthea Phillipps (born 1956), British botanist
Everard Aloysius Lisle Phillipps (1835–1857), English recipient of the Victoria Cross
Jack Phillipps (1898-1977), New Zealand cricket administrator
Martin Phillipps (born 1963), New Zealand singer/songwriter of The Chills
Roy Phillipps (1892–1941), Australian fighter ace
Thomas Phillipps (1792–1872), English antiquary and book collector
Vivian Phillipps (Henry Vivian Phillipps, 1870–1955), British teacher, lawyer and Liberal politician
William Herbert Phillipps (1847–1935), South Australian businessman and philanthropist
William J. Phillipps (1893–1967), New Zealand ichthyologist
See also
Halliwell-Phillipps
Phillippe
Philips (surname)
Philipps (disambiguation)
Phillips (disambiguation)
English-language surnames
English masculine given names
Patronymic surnames
Surnames from given names |
26718360 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemainus%20station | Chemainus station | The Chemainus station is located in Chemainus, British Columbia. The station was a flag stop on Via Rail's Dayliner service. The station closed in 2011 due to poor track conditions.
Footnotes
External links
Via Rail Station Description
Via Rail stations in British Columbia
Railway stations closed in 2011
Disused railway stations in Canada |
23579106 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macaulay%20River | Macaulay River | The Macaulay River is a river of the Mackenzie Country of New Zealand's South Island. It flows south from the Two Thumb Range, part of the Southern Alps, its valley merging with that of the Godley River shortly before it enters the northern end of Lake Tekapo.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rivers of Canterbury, New Zealand
Rivers of New Zealand |
17341361 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baron%20Tornado%20Index | Baron Tornado Index | The Baron Tornado Index (BTI), also called Vipir Tornado Index (VTI) is a meteorological computer model. Its main usage is to determine the probabilities of a tornado inside a Tornadic Vortex Signature on the rear flank of a storm, to better alert potential high-risk areas for tornadoes and to easily track them.
With the help of NEXRAD weather radar data, mesoscale models and algorithms, the index is measured on a scale of 0 to 10. The higher the BTI value is, the more likely a tornado is on the ground. Shear markers from different colors are used depending on the scale above 2. Yellow markers are used for values between 2 and 3.9, Orange markers are used for values between 4 and 6.9 and red markers are used for values over 7.
The product was developed and is marketed by Baron Services of Huntsville, Alabama, and is a part of the company's VIPIR radar analysis product. The system is primarily used by television stations. The BTI first saw public usage in early 2008. WMC-TV, the NBC affiliate in Memphis, Tennessee was the first station to implement the BTI during the 2008 Super Tuesday tornado outbreak on February 5, 2008 when tracking tornadoes over the Memphis and Jackson areas. The precise tracking of severe storms led WMC-TV in a significant viewer rating.
See also
List of BTI operating stations
References
External links
Baron Services official web site
Radar meteorology
Tornado
Hazard scales
Baron Services |
26718395 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct%20Introduction%20%28tantra%29 | Direct Introduction (tantra) | Direct Introduction () is one of the Seventeen tantras of Dzogchen Upadesha.
Primary resources
ngo sprod rin po che spras pa'i zhing khams bstan pa'i rgyud @ Wikisource in Wylie
ངོ་སྤྲོད་རིན་པོ་ཆེ་སྤྲས་པའི་ཞིང་ཁམས་བསྟན་པའི་རྒྱུད @ Wikisource in Uchen (Tibetan Script), Unicode
Notes
Dzogchen texts
Nyingma tantras |
17341380 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrio%20de%20la%20Concepci%C3%B3n%20%28Madrid%20Metro%29 | Barrio de la Concepción (Madrid Metro) | Barrio de la Concepción is a station on Madrid Metro Line No. 7 in the district of Ciudad Lineal.
It is also near the M-30 motorway and ten minutes from Madrid-Barajas Airport. The station opened to the public on 17 May 1975 with the second section of the line between Pueblo Nuevo and Avenida de América and was renovated in 2006 to change the vaults and walls.
References
Madrid Metro stations
Railway stations opened in 1975
1975 establishments in Spain
Buildings and structures in Ciudad Lineal District, Madrid |
26718440 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayward%20station%20%28British%20Columbia%29 | Hayward station (British Columbia) | The Hayward station is located in Hayward, North Cowichan, British Columbia. The station was a stop on Via Rail's Dayliner service, which ended in 2011. It is located at the crossing of Drinkwater Road, about 600 metres west of the BC Forest Discovery Centre.
References
External links
Via Rail Station Description
Via Rail stations in British Columbia
Disused railway stations in Canada |
26718456 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cri%C8%99ana%20%28disambiguation%29 | Crișana (disambiguation) | Crişana may also refer to:
Crișana (newspaper), local newspaper based in Oradea
Crișana, historical region of Romania and Hungary
Crișana Oradea, football club based in Oradea, Romania
Stadionul Crișana, a multi-use stadium in Sebiș, Romania
Crișana dialect, one of the dialects of the Romanian language
See also
Criș (disambiguation)
Crișan (disambiguation)
Crișeni (disambiguation)
Crișuri (disambiguation) |
23579107 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakagami%20Station | Nakagami Station | is a passenger railway station located in the city of Akishima, Tokyo, Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East).
Lines
Nakagami Station is served by the Ōme Line, and is located 3.6 kilometers from the starting point of the line at Tachikawa Station.
Station layout
This station consists of two opposed side platforms serving two tracks, connected to the station building by a footbridge.The station is staffed.
Platforms
History
The station opened on 18 July 1908 as a station on the Ōme Electric Railway. The line was nationalized on 1 April 1944. With the privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR) on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR East.
Passenger statistics
In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 11,447 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).
The passenger figures for previous years are as shown below.
Surrounding area
Nakagami Station Shopping District
See also
List of railway stations in Japan
References
External links
JR East - Station Information
Railway stations in Tokyo
Railway stations in Japan opened in 1908
Akishima, Tokyo
Ōme Line |
23579109 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macfarlane%20River%20%28New%20Zealand%29 | Macfarlane River (New Zealand) | The Macfarlane River is a river of the southwest of New Zealand's South Island. It flows south from the Southern Alps, joining with the Landsbourgh River (Westland District) just before the latter's outflow into the Haast River.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rivers of the West Coast, New Zealand
Westland District
Rivers of New Zealand |
44505832 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015%20Football%20NSW%20season | 2015 Football NSW season | The Football NSW 2015 season was the third season of football in New South Wales under the banner of the National Premier Leagues. The competition consisted of four divisions across the state of New South Wales, excluding those regions affiliated with the Northern NSW Football federation.
Blacktown City were Premiers of the 1st Division, and qualified for the National Premier Leagues finals series. Blacktown City won this competition, becoming the 2015 National Premier Leagues Champion, and additionally received a spot in the 2016 FFA Cup (entering at the Round of 32).
Pre-Season Changes
League Tables
2015 National Premier League NSW Men's 1
The National Premier League New South Wales 2015 season was played over 22 rounds, from March to August 2015.
Results
Finals
Personnel and kits
Top Scorers
2015 National Premier League NSW Men's 2
The 2015 National Premier League NSW Men's 2 was the third edition of the new NPL NSW 2 as the second level domestic association football competition in New South Wales. 12 teams competed, playing each other twice for a total of 22 rounds, with the top team at the end of the year promoted to the NPL NSW Men's 1 competition. Hakoah Sydney City East FC were promoted into the division after finishing 1st in the 2014 State League Division 1, and St George FC were relegated from the 2014 National Premier League's Men's 1.
Finals
2015 NSW State League Division 1
The 2015 NSW State League Division 1 was the third edition of the State League to be incorporated under the National Premier Leagues banner. 12 teams competed, playing each other twice for a total of 22 rounds.
Finals
2015 NSW State League Division 2
The 2015 NSW State League Division 2 was the third edition of the State League to be incorporated under the National Premier Leagues banner. 10 teams competed, playing each other twice for a total of 18 matches.
Finals
2015 National Premier League NSW Women's 1
The 2015 National Premier League NSW Women's 1 was the second edition of the NPL NSW Women's competition to be incorporated under the National Premier Leagues banner. 10 teams competed, playing each other twice for a total of 18 rounds.
Finals
2015 Waratah Cup
Football NSW soccer clubs competed in 2015 for the Waratah Cup. The tournament doubled as the NSW qualifier for the 2015 FFA Cup, with the top five clubs progressing to the Round of 32. 104 clubs entered the qualifying phase, with the clubs entering in a staggered format (with NPL and NPL 2 clubs seeded to a later round). The five winners then were randomly drawn in order to create a preliminary fixture, before the semi finals of the competition.
The competition was won by Sydney United 58, their 5th title, defeating Blacktown City.
In addition to the A-League clubs Central Coast Mariners, Sydney FC and Western Sydney Wanderers, the five qualifiers (Balmain Tigers, Blacktown City, Rockdale City Suns, Sydney Olympic and Sydney United 58 competed in the final rounds of the 2015 FFA Cup. Of these qualifying clubs, only Rockdale City Suns, Sydney Olympic and Sydney United 58 progressed to the Round of 16.
Awards
The NPL Gala Dinner was held on 11 September at Rosehill Gardens, acknowledging achievements from across all NPL teams from Men's 1, Men's 2, Women's 1, Women's 2 and their respective youth teams.
Club Championship includes points from across youth teams (under-20s and under-18s)
References
Football NSW |
23579112 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maclennan%20River | Maclennan River | The Maclennan River is a river of New Zealand, a tributary of the Tahakopa River.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rivers of Otago
Rivers of New Zealand |
26718482 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skafish | Skafish | Skafish is an American, Chicago-based punk band, fronted by Jim Skafish, cousin of Chicago area DJ Bobby Skafish. The band was formed in 1976 and had their first performance that November.
In 1977, Billboard magazine printed a review of the band's performance as the opening act for Sha Na Na at Chicago's Arie Crown Theater. Finding Skafish to be a "peculiar appetizer for the straight, conservative crowd" that Sha Na Na attracted, the reviewer stated that "[l]arge numbers retreated to the lobby halfway through Skafish's set, while others approached the stage, threatening with missiles, gestures and denunciations." Jim Skafish himself was described as "a 20-year-old musician from Gary, Ind., who appears to be in transition between man and woman ... dressed androgynously, hair in a pageboy," who at one point in the show "strips down to a woman's bathing suit and nervously applies lipstick to the face." While describing the band's music as "strange, inward-directed lyrics [set] to a repetitious and often dissonant accompaniment", the reviewer noted that Skafish "gave the impression that he had something to tell the audience about itself. ... Yet it remains to be seen whether Skafish has something to say and to whom."
First album
The band's first album on I.R.S. Records, Skafish, was recorded during the summer of 1979 in South Chicago's PS studios, a facility more widely known for soul, funk and pop music. Personnel on the album consisted of Jim Skafish on keys and vocals, Barbie Goodrich on vocals, Ken Bronowski on guitars and vocals, Larry Mysliwiec on drums, Larry Mazalan on bass guitar and Javier Cruz on keyboards. The sessions dragged on through the summer of 1979, eventually going wildly over the shoestring budget production style that was the I.R.S. founder Miles Copeland III's trademark, so successful for projects like early The Police and Wishbone Ash albums. Release of Skafish was delayed for many months under financial constraints, and the project was eventually mixed on low budget and released by IRS just before the band left for an extended European tour with The Police, XTC, English Beat, UB40, Steel Pulse and other post punk, ska and reggae bands. Public acceptance of the album was marginal, mostly due to the sub-standard mix that heavily diminished the album's power and originality.
In 1980, Rolling Stone magazine published a review of a concert where more column space was devoted to the opening act Skafish than to the headliner, The Stranglers.
While on this tour, the band filmed their segment for the Copeland/Lorimar production of Urgh! A Music War. The segment, shot at a Roman theater in Frejus France, featured the controversial song "Sign of the Cross". The band lineup for the movie was the same as the album, with the exception of Chicago bassist Lee Gatlin taking the place of Mazalan.
After Europe, the band did a few short U.S. tours, headlining and opening for acts such as Iggy Pop, The Stranglers and others. In 1983, they recorded a second IRS album, Conversation, at Pumpkin studios owned and operated by Gary Loizzo (two-time Grammy-nominated singer for The American Breed and producer for Chicago, Styx, Survivor and REO Speedwagon. Personnel were Skafish vocals and keys, Ken Bronowski guitar, Barbie Goodrich vocals, Javier Cruz keys, Lee Gatlin on bass and Larry Mysliwiec (who was currently touring drummer for Iggy Pop) on drums. Conversation, co-produced by Copeland, Skafish and Loizzo, broke from the post punk style of Skafish toward a beat-based dance style, and was not well accepted, commercially.
Following Conversation, the band did a few West Coast tours, and called it quits in 1985. Jim Skafish continued to perform as Skafish for a few years with a string of pickup musicians, eventually going solo.
Later activities
Jim Skafish still records and performs in the Midwest. He has recently produced a jazz style Christmas album (Tidings Of Comfort And Joy, 2006), and he promotes and distributes Skafish products, such as What's This? 1976-1979 (2007), to a small but loyal cult fan base. Mysliwiec is currently a Midwest policeman, Bronowski still performs, records and is currently a professor of AV production and art at Purdue University. Barbie Goodrich died on 10 June 1995 after a long battle with cancer. Javier Cruz currently works in the IT department of Jane Addams Elementary School in Chicago, and from time to time performs with the South Chicago cover band Life (of which Jim Skafish was a member for a time during the early 1980s). Additionally, Javier Cruz records from time to time.
Discography
Albums
Skafish IRS SP 008, I.R.S. Records (1980)
Conversation IRS SP 70038, I.R.S. Records (1983)
"Tidings Of Comfort And Joy: A Jazz Piano Trio Christmas," La Befana Records (2006)
"What's This? 1976-1979" 829 Records (2008) 829 Records (2008)
"Bootleg 21-35" 829 Records (2012; download only)
Singles
"Obsessions of You"/"Sink or Swim" IRS IR9011, I.R.S. Records (1980)
"Wild Night Tonight"/"Secret Lover & Lover In Masquerade" IRS SP 70967 (1983)
Compilations and soundtracks
IRS Greatest Hits Vols 2 & 3 (SP 70800): features "Disgracing The Family Name"
Urgh! A Music War (A&M SP6019): features "Sign Of The Cross (Live)"
These People Are Nuts (IRS 82010): also features "Sign Of The Cross (Live)"
References
Sources
External links
Punk rock groups from Illinois
Musical groups established in 1975
Musical groups from Chicago |
44505849 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little%20Rock%2C%20Indiana | Little Rock, Indiana | Little Rock is an unincorporated community in Knox County, Indiana, in the United States.
History
A post office called Littlerock was opened in 1901, and it remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1903.
References
Unincorporated communities in Knox County, Indiana
Unincorporated communities in Indiana |
23579113 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahakirau%20River | Mahakirau River | The Mahakirau River is a river of the Coromandel Peninsula in New Zealand's North Island. It flows east from its source in the Coromandel Range, reaching the sea at Whitianga Harbour southwest of Whitianga.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Thames-Coromandel District
Rivers of Waikato
Rivers of New Zealand |
17341413 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozark%20Henry%20discography | Ozark Henry discography | This is a discography of all releases by Belgian artist Ozark Henry.
Studio albums
EPs
Compilation albums
Live albums
Soundtracks
DVDs
Singles
Sunzoo Manley
As producer
References
Discographies of Belgian artists
Rock music discographies |
23579117 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahitahi%20River | Mahitahi River | The Mahitahi River is a river of the southwest of New Zealand's South Island. It flows northwest from the Hooker Range, part of the Southern Alps, reaching the Tasman Sea at Bruce Bay.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rivers of the West Coast, New Zealand
Rivers of New Zealand
Westland District |
44505854 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming%20Hwa%20Yuan%20Arts%20and%20Culture%20Group | Ming Hwa Yuan Arts and Culture Group | Ming Hwa Yuan () is one of the most famous and organized Taiwanese opera troupes, which revives the Taiwanese traditional art by combining technologies and intricate performance skills. It was established by Chen Ming-Ji (陳明吉) in 1929. In 1997, after Mr. Chen's death, his third son, Chen Sheng-Fu (陳勝福), took over this traditional industry.
History
Chen Ming-Jin, the founder of Ming Hwa Yuan, was born in , in Japanese Formosa (modern Checheng, Pingtung County, Taiwan). He started Ming Hwa troupe, the predecessor of Ming Hwa Yuan, with Tsai Bin-Hwa (蔡炳華), as proprietor of theater.
In the early stage, the Japanese rulers allowed the local customs to develop without much interference and Taiwanese opera continue to thrive. After the Pacific War broke out, the Japanese government implemented a Kōminka policy that encouraged Japanization. During this period (1937-1945), the Japanese government prohibited the public performance of Taiwanese opera. However, Ming Hwa troupe was one of the few groups that were allowed to perform. Taiwanese people were also strongly encouraged to speak the Japanese language, wear Japanese clothing, etc., which obstructed the development of Taiwanese opera.
In 1945, Taiwan was handed over to the Kuomintang-led Republic of China. Taiwanese opera was rejuvenated and became fashionable in Taiwan. In 1949, there were over 500 registered troupes. However, the American Westerns and Japanese Samurai movies blitzed the Taiwanese film market in the 1960s, which made the Taiwanese opera's box office flop.
After experiencing the rise and fall of Taiwanese opera, Ming Hwa Yuan has not only absorbed social trends, but has innovated the art by integrating the elements of modern theater and cinema. In 1982, they won the first prize of the National Theater Competition in Taiwan by the opera “Father and Son,” becoming an instant hit.
Organization
Ming Hwa Yuan is a family-owned troupe, managed by the family members. Under the general organization of Ming Hwa Yuan, there are eight sub groups, Tien, Di, Shuan, Hwang, Jer, Yue, Sin and Chan.
Feature
In spite of performing the traditional Taiwanese opera for almost a century, Ming Hwa Yuan is featured by the particularly contemporary stage design such as lightning and sound effects, which are similar to a large-scale live concert or contemporary theater performance. In other words, it emphasizes not only sound but also visual presentation, helping the audience understand the story.
Going through a series of reformation and innovation, Ming Hwa Yuan creates a unique and avant-garde performing style by mixing traditional heritage and modern technique. It has been praised as the “Broadway of the East” due to its distinctive presentation of Taiwanese opera, consisting by the folklore, poem-lyrics, theater, dancing, music, acrobatics, and fine art.
References cited
Further references
Lu, Yu Xiu. "Taiwanese Opera." In The Music History of Taiwan, 170-172. Taipei: Wu-Nan Culture Enterprise (五南文化廣場), 2003.
"Taiwanese Opera." Art Appreciation, Winter, 2012, December 15, 2012.
External links
Grand Immortal of Ponglai
Ming Hwa Yuan Arts & Culture Group
Taiwanese Opera
Taiwanese opera
Theatre companies in Taiwan |
17341416 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old%20Friends%20Archeological%20Site | Old Friends Archeological Site | Old Friends Archeological Site (also known as RI—703) is an archaeological historical site in Jamestown, Rhode Island.
The site was added in 1995 to the National Register of Historic Places.
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Newport County, Rhode Island
References
Archaeological sites in Rhode Island
Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island
Jamestown, Rhode Island
National Register of Historic Places in Newport County, Rhode Island |
26718502 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duncan%20station | Duncan station | The Duncan station in Duncan, British Columbia was a stop on Via Rail's Dayliner service, which has been indefinitely suspended since 2011. It is located on the Southern Railway of Vancouver Island mainline.
History
The station building was built in 1912 by the Esquimalt and Nanaimo Railway. "Duncan's Crossing Station" was established at Duncan's Crossing, named after William Chalmers Duncan, who farmed in the region. On March 4, 1912 the City of Duncan was incorporated.
The station was designated a Heritage Railway Stations in 1993.
Closing
Duncan Station closed on March 19, 2011, when Via Rail suspended service indefinitely due to poor track conditions and replaced it with a bus. On August 12, 2011, the bus service ended and the station closed.
The station is now used as the site of the Cowichan Valley Museum.
See also
List of designated heritage railway stations of Canada
References
Via Rail stations in British Columbia
Designated Heritage Railway Stations in British Columbia
Railway stations in Canada opened in 1886
Railway stations closed in 2011
Duncan, British Columbia
1886 establishments in British Columbia
2011 disestablishments in British Columbia
Disused railway stations in Canada |
23579118 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akishima%20Station | Akishima Station | is a passenger railway station located in the city of Akishima, Tokyo, Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East).
Lines
Akishima Station is served by the Ōme Line from Tachikawa to Ōme, with direct services to and from Tokyo via the Chūō Line (Rapid). It is located 5.0 kilometers from the starting point of the line at Tachikawa Station.
Station layout
The station consists of a single island platform serving two tracks, with an elevated station building located above the tracks and platforms. The station is staffed.
Platforms
History
The station opened on 25 December 1938 as . It was renamed Akishima Station on 1 October 1959. With the privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR) on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR East.
Passenger statistics
In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 26,016 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).
The passenger figures for previous years are as shown below.
Surrounding area
Showa Aircraft Industry
Akishima Post Office
See also
List of railway stations in Japan
References
External links
JR East station information
Railway stations in Tokyo
Railway stations in Japan opened in 1938
Akishima, Tokyo
Ōme Line |
26718583 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potamogeton%20pusillus | Potamogeton pusillus | Potamogeton pusillus is a species of aquatic plant known by the common names small pondweed, lesser pondweed or least pondweed. It occurs in standing and slow-flowing freshwater habitats throughout the Northern Hemisphere.
Description
Lesser pondweed is a superficially grasslike herb producing a very slender, branching, somewhat compressed stem, usually less than 70 cm but occasionally up to one metre in length. Nodal glands, if present, are generally poorly developed. The leaves are narrow and linear, translucent, mid or olive green, usually 20–50 mm long × 0.8-1.4 mm wide, but rarely up to 100 mm long and 1.9 mm wide. The midrib often lacks lacunae (transparent areas either side of the midrib) either side of it, and if present, lacunae are restricted to the lower half of the leaf. There are no floating leaves. The stipules are tubular when young, but tend to split with age.
Turions are produced, often in large quantities. In early autumn the entire plant disintegrates into a mass of turions, which act as a means of propagation and as an overwintering mechanism.
The inflorescence is a spike of 3-6 flowers arranged in interrupted whorls.
Like most fine-leaved pondweeds, Potamogeton pusillus is diploid, with 2n=26.
Lesser pondweed can be difficult to distinguish reliably from other fine-leaved pondweeds, especially P. berchtoldii. Hybrids are recorded with Potamogeton octandrus (P. × apertus Miki), P. polygonus (P. × attenuatus Hagstr.), P. obtusifolius (P. × saxonicus Hagstr.), P. trichoides (P. × grovesii Dandy & G.Taylor), P. berchtoldii (P. × mucronulatus (G.Fisch.) Papch.), P. oxyphyllus (P. × orientalis Hagstr.).
Taxonomy
Lesser pondweed was one of several pondweeds first named by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The specific epithet pusillus means 'small'.
This is one of a group of rather similar fine-leaved species that also includes P. berchtoldii, P. hillii and P. ochreatus. These are quite morphologically variable plants, often with wide geographical and ecological ranges, which has resulted in a great deal of taxonomic confusion and an unusually large number of synonyms and invalid names (see the taxon box).
Distribution
Lesser pondweed is widely distributed globally, occurring across most of Europe (including Scandinavia) and North America. It is reported from scattered locations in Central and Southeast Asia and is widespread in China. It is also widespread in South America and Africa.
Ecology and conservation
Lesser pondweed grows in standing or slow-flowing water bodies such as ponds, lakes, ditches, slow-moving streams, and river backwaters. It is a lowland plant and requires calcareous water, with a marked preference for high nutrient levels, and may form extensive beds in favourable situations, growing with other nutrient-tolerant species such as Myriophyllum spicatum and Zannichellia palustris. It is tolerant of turbid water and is a good colonist, often exploiting temporary or disturbed habitats such as livestock drinking ponds, canals and ditches. In lakes it is very tolerant of eutrophication and the resulting competition from phytoplankton and periphyton, and is often one of the last submerged plants to disappear.
Globally, Potamogeton pusillus is listed as Least Concern.There is no evidence of local declines and in many areas it is probably increasing due to eutrophication of freshwater habitats. In many parts of its range it is the commonest fine-leaved pondweed.
Cultivation
Lesser pondweed should not be difficult to grow in a garden pond and its tolerance of poor water quality would be advantageous. However, it is not very ornamental.
References
External links
Jepson Manual Treatment
Washington Burke Museum
Photo gallery
pusillus
Flora of North America
Flora of Europe
Flora of Asia |
26718605 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VCU%20%28disambiguation%29 | VCU (disambiguation) | VCU is an acronym for Virginia Commonwealth University, a large public research university with two main campuses located in downtown Richmond, Virginia.
VCU may also refer to:
Value for Cultivation and Use (seed test)
Vantage Credit Union
VCU Rams, the intercollegiate athletic program of said university
Veridian Credit Union
Vessel Capacity Unit (Fishing Vessels within European Union)
Viscous coupling unit
Voluntary Carbon Unit
Vought Cinematic Universe
VyStar Credit Union
See also
VCUG
VCUKI |
26718606 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donner%20Party%20%28disambiguation%29 | Donner Party (disambiguation) | The Donner Party was an ill-fated group of pioneers in 1846–1847.
Donner Party or The Donner Party may also refer to:
The Donner Party (1992 film), a documentary by Ric Burns
The Donner Party (2009 film), a film by T.J. Martin
The Donner Party (band), a San Francisco-based indie rock band
The Donner Party, an album by American Murder Song
"Donner Party (All Night)", a song by Alkaline Trio from Good Mourning
"The Donner Party", a song by Rasputina from Thanks for the Ether
See also
Donner (disambiguation)
"Throwing a Donner Party", a song by Giant Squid from Monster in the Creek
"Throwing a Donner Party at Sea", a song by Giant Squid from The Ichthyologist |
26718615 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncaria%20rhynchophylla | Uncaria rhynchophylla | Uncaria rhynchophylla () or the cat's claw herb is a plant species used in traditional Chinese medicine.
(+)-Catechin and (-)-epicatechin are found in the plant as well as the alkaloid rhynchophylline.
References
External links
rhynchophylla
Plants used in traditional Chinese medicine |
6908361 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Gundam%20video%20games | List of Gundam video games | The popularity of the Japanese anime metaseries Gundam since its release in 1979 has resulted in a spread of merchandise across various forms, with video games among them.
This is a list of video games that are set in the franchise's various timelines, and are segregated by the console systems they were released for.
By March 2004, the series had sold over units.
Arcade
Gundam: Battle Simulator
Mobile Suit Gundam
Mobile Suit Gundam: Final Shooting
Mobile Suit Gundam: EX Revue
Mobile Suit Gundam: The Card Builder
Mobile Suit Gundam: Bonds of the Battlefield
Mobile Suit Gundam: Spirits of Zeon - Dual Stars of Carnage
Mobile Suit Gundam: Spirits of Zeon - Memory of Soldier
Mobile Suit Gundam VS Series
Mobile Suit Gundam: Federation vs. Zeon
Mobile Suit Gundam: Federation vs. Zeon DX
Mobile Suit Z Gundam: A.E.U.G. vs. Titans
Mobile Suit Z Gundam: A.E.U.G. vs. Titans DX
Gundam Seed: Rengou vs. Z.A.F.T.
Mobile Suit Gundam Seed Destiny: Rengou vs. Z.A.F.T. II
Mobile Suit Gundam: Gundam vs. Zeta Gundam
Mobile Suit Gundam: Gundam vs. Gundam
Mobile Suit Gundam: Gundam vs. Gundam Next
Mobile Suit Gundam: Extreme Vs.
Mobile Suit Gundam: Extreme Vs. Full Boost
Mobile Suit Gundam: Extreme Vs. Maxi Boost
Mobile Suit Gundam: Extreme Vs. Maxi Boost ON
Mobile Suit Gundam: Extreme Vs. 2
Mobile Suit Gundam: Extreme Vs. 2 XBoost
Quiz Mobile Suit Gundam: Monsenshi
Gundam P.O.D. Series
Kidō Senshi Gundam: Senjō no Kizuna
Mobile Suit Survival Game
Fujitsu
FM-7
Kidou Senshi Gundam Part 1: Gundam Daishi ni Tatsu
Kidou Senshi Gundam Part 2: Tobe Gundam
FM Towns
Mobile Suit Gundam: Hyper Classic Operation
Mobile Suit Gundam: Hyper Desert Operation
MSX
Mobile Suit Gundam: Last Shooting
MS Field: Kidou Senshi Gundam
MS Field Kidou Senshi Gundam Plus Kit
MS Field Kidou Senshi Gundam Plus Kit Tsuki
NEC
PC-88
Kidou Senshi Gundam Part 1: Gundam Daishi ni Tatsu
Kidou Senshi Gundam Part 2: Tobe Gundam
PC-98
Kidou Senshi Gundam Part 1: Gundam Daishi ni Tatsu
Mobile Suit Gundam: Return of Zeon
Mobile Suit Gundam: A Year of War
Mobile Suit Gundam: Advanced Operation
Mobile Suit Gundam: Multiple Operation
Mobile Suit Gundam 0083: Stardust Operation
MS Field: Mobile Suit Gundam
MS Field 2 '92: Mobile Suit Gundam
Sharp
Sharp X1
Kidou Senshi Gundam Part 1: Gundam Daishi ni Tatsu
Kidou Senshi Gundam Part 2: Tobe Gundam
Sharp X68000
Mobile Suit Gundam: Classic Operation
Mobile Suit Gundam: Classic Operation - Original Scenario Disk
PC
GUNDAM EVOLUTION
Gundam Network Operation
Gundam Network Operation 2
Gundam Network Operation 3
Gundam Storm (Browser-Based) - Service terminated
Mobile Suit Gundam 0079: The War For Earth - 1996 interactive movie collaboration between Bandai and Presto Studios Inc. Also released for Macintosh, PlayStation (JP release only) and Pippin.
Mobile Suit Gundam Online
New Gundam Breaker
SD Gundam Capsule Fighter Online
SD Gundam G Generation Cross Rays
Universal Century Gundam Online
SD Gundam Battle Alliance
Bandai
Arcadia
Mobile Suit Gundam
Bandai RX-78
Gundam - Luna II no Tatakai
Playdia
SD Gundam Daizukan
Apple Bandai Pippin
Gundam Tactics Mobility Fleet 0079
WonderSwan
Mobile Suit Gundam: MSVS
SD Gundam G Generation: Gather Beat
SD Gundam: Emotional Jam
WonderSwan Color
SD Gundam G Generation: Gather Beat 2
SD Gundam G Generation: Monoeye Gundams
Mobile Suit Gundam SEED
Gundam Strike Force Go !!!: Stairway to the Destined Victory: Worldwide Edition
Mobile Suit Gundam: Operation U.C.
Nintendo
Family Computer
Mobile Suit Z Gundam: Hot Scramble
SD Gundam Gaiden: Knight Gundam Monogatari
SD Gundam Gaiden: Knight Gundam Monogatari 2
SD Gundam Gaiden: Knight Gundam Monogatari 3
SD Gundam World Gachapon Senshi - Scramble Wars
SD Gundam World Gachapon Senshi 2 - Capsule Senki
SD Gundam World Gachapon Senshi 3 - Eiyû Senki
SD Gundam World Gachapon Senshi 4 - New Type Story
SD Gundam World Gachapon Senshi 5 - Battle of Universal Century
SD Gundam: Gundam Wars
Super Famicom
Mobile Suit Gundam: Cross Dimension 0079 - Tactical role-playing game
Mobile Suit Zeta Gundam: Away to the Newtype - Tactical role-playing game
Mobile Suit Gundam F91: Formula Wars 0122
Mobile Suit Victory Gundam - 2D fighting game
Mobile Fighter G Gundam - 2D fighting game
Shin Kidō Senki Gundam Wing: Endless Duel - 2D fighting game
SD Gundam: G Next - Turn-based strategy
SD Gundam: GX - Turn-based strategy
SD Gundam Gaiden: Knight Gundam Monogatari - Ooinaru Isan - Japanese role playing game
SD Gundam Gaiden 2: Entaku no Kishi - Japanese role playing game
SD Gundam Generation - Tactical role-playing game
SD Gundam: Power Formation Puzzle - Puzzle games
SD Gundam: V Sakusen Shidō - Shoot 'em up with Run and gun stages
SD Gundam 2 - Shoot 'em up with Run and gun stages
Super Gachapon World: SD Gundam X - Turn-based strategy
GameCube
Mobile Suit Gundam: The Ace Pilot
Mobile Suit Gundam: Gundam vs. Zeta Gundam (Only in Japan)
SD Gundam Gashapon Wars
Wii
Mobile Suit Gundam: MS Sensen 0079
SD Gundam G Generation Wars
SD Gundam G Generation World
SD Gundam: Scad Hammers
SD Gundam Gashapon Wars
Nintendo Switch
SD Gundam G Generation Genesis
SD Gundam G Generation Cross Rays
SD Gundam Battle Alliance
Game Boy
SD Gundam G-Arms
SD Gundam Gaiden: Lacroan Heroes
SD Gundam: SD Sengokuden - Kuni Nusiri Monogatari
SD Gundam: SD Sengokuden 2 - Tenka Touitsuhen
SD Gundam: SD Sengokuden 3 - Chijou Saikyouhen'''Shin SD Gundam GaidenVirtual BoySD Gundam Dimension WarGame Boy AdvanceSD Gundam G Generation AdvanceMobile Suit Gundam SEED: Tomo to Kimi to koko deMobile Suit Gundam SEED: DestinyMobile Suit Gundam SEED: Battle AssaultSD Gundam ForceNintendo DSSD Gundam G Generation DSSD Gundam G Generation: Cross DriveMobile Suit Gundam 00Emblem of GundamSD gundam Sangokuden DSNintendo 3DSSD Gundam G Generation 3DGundam the 3D BattleGundam Try Age SPSony
PlayStationMobile Suit Gundam (1995)Mobile Suit Gundam v.2.0 (1996)Mobile Suit Gundam 0079: The War For Earth (1997)Gundam: Battle AssaultGundam: Battle Assault 2Kidou Butouden G GundamMobile Suit Gundam: Char's Counterattack (1998)Mobile Suit Gundam: Giren's Greed, Blood of ZeonMobile Suit Gundam: Perfect One Year WarSD Gundam G CenturySD Gundam G GenerationSD Gundam G Generation ZeroSD Gundam G Generation FSD Gundam G Generation F-IFMobile Suit Z-GundamPlayStation 2Mobile Suit Gundam: Gihren's AmbitionGiren no Yabou: Zeon Dokuritsu Sensouden - Kouryaku ShireishoMobile Suit Gundam: Journey to JaburoMobile Suit Gundam: Zeonic FrontMobile Suit Gundam: Lost War ChroniclesMobile Suit Gundam: Encounters in SpaceMobile Suit Gundam: The One Year WarMobile Suit Gundam: Climax U.C.SD Gundam G Generation NeoSD Gundam G Generation SEEDSD Gundam G Generation SpiritsSD Gundam G Generation WarsMobile Suit Gundam SEEDMobile Suit Gundam SEED: Never Ending TomorrowMobile Suit Gundam SEED Destiny: Generation of C.E.Gundam Battle Assault 3 Featuring Gundam SEEDMobile Suit Gundam: Federation vs. ZeonMobile Suit Gundam Z: AEUG vs. TitansMobile Suit Gundam: Gundam vs. Zeta GundamGundam Seed: Rengou vs. Z.A.F.T.Mobile Suit Gundam Seed Destiny: Rengou vs. Z.A.F.T. IIMobile Suit Gundam 00: Gundam MeistersMS Saga: A New DawnG-SaviourSD Gundam Force: Showdown!Dynasty Warriors: GundamDynasty Warriors: Gundam 2PlayStation 3Mobile Suit Gundam: Crossfire (a.k.a. Mobile Suit Gundam: Target in Sight)Mobile Suit Gundam Battlefield Record U.C. 0081Mobile Suit Gundam: Side Stories - combines six games released for Sega Saturn, Dreamcast and PlayStation 2, and includes new campaign that connects all releases together with Gundam UnicornMobile Suit Gundam UnicornDynasty Warriors: GundamDynasty Warriors: Gundam 2Dynasty Warriors: Gundam 3Dynasty Warriors Gundam RebornMobile Suit Gundam: Extreme Vs.Mobile Suit Gundam: Extreme Vs. Full BoostMobile Suit Gundam Extreme Vs. Full Boost Premium G SoundGundam BreakerGundam Breaker 2Gundam Battle OperationGundam Battle Operation NextPlayStation 4SD Gundam G Generation GenesisSD Gundam G Generation Cross RaysGundam Breaker 3New Gundam BreakerGundam VersusGundam Battle Operation Next (no physical release)Mobile Suit Gundam: Battle Operation 2 (no physical release)Mobile Suit Gundam Extreme VS. Maxiboost OnMobile Suit Gundam Battle Operation Code Fairy (no physical release)SD Gundam Battle Alliance (no physical release)Gundam EvolutionPlayStation 5Mobile Suit Gundam Battle Operation Code FairySD Gundam Battle AllianceGundam EvolutionPlayStation PortableGundam Battle TacticsGundam Battle RoyaleGundam Battle ChronicleGundam Battle UniverseGundam Assault SurviveSD Gundam G Generation PortableSD Gundam G Generation WorldSD Gundam G Generation OverworldMobile Suit Gundam: Giren no Yabou - Axis no KyouiMobile Suit Gundam: Gundam vs. GundamMobile Suit Gundam: Gundam vs. Gundam NEXT PLUSMobile Suit Gundam SEED: Federation vs. Z.A.F.T. PortableMobile Suit Gundam: Senjou no Kizuna PortableMobile Suit Gundam: Mokuba no Kiseki Gundam Memories: Tatakai no KiokuMobile Suit Gundam AGE: Universe AccelMobile Suit Gundam AGE: Cosmic DrivePlayStation VitaSD Gundam G Generation GenesisKidō Senshi Gundam SEED Battle DestinyGundam BreakerGundam Breaker 2Gundam Breaker 3Mobile Suit Gundam Extreme Vs ForceMobile Suit Gundam: Battle FortressGundam Conquest VDynasty Warriors Gundam Reborn3rd Super Robot Wars Z ZigokuhenSega
Game GearSD Gundam: Winner's HistorySega SaturnMobile Suit GundamMobile Suit Z Gundam: KouhenMobile Suit Z Gundam: ZenpenMobile Suit Gundam: Gihren's GreedMobile Suit Gundam Side Story: The Blue Destiny Vol. 1Mobile Suit Gundam Side Story: The Blue Destiny Vol. 2Mobile Suit Gundam Side Story: The Blue Destiny Vol. 3SD Gundam G Century SDreamcastGundam Side Story 0079: Rise from the AshesMobile Suit Gundam Gihren's Greed - Blood of ZeonMobile Suit Gundam: Federation Vs. Zeon DXGundam Battle OnlineMicrosoft
Xbox 360Mobile Ops: The One Year WarDynasty Warriors: GundamDynasty Warriors: Gundam 2Dynasty Warriors: Gundam 3Xbox OneSD Gundam Battle AllianceGundam EvolutionXbox Series X/SSD Gundam Battle AllianceGundam Evolution''
References
Gundam (video game series)
Gundam
Gundam |
6908362 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chigirin%20Reservoir | Chigirin Reservoir | Chigirin Reservoir () may refer to one of the following.
Chigirin Reservoir, Amur, a reservoir by Amur River, Russia
Chigirin Reservoir, Drut, a reservoir by Drut River, Belarus |
26718654 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British%20Gendarmerie | British Gendarmerie | The British Gendarmerie was a British paramilitary police field force created by Winston Churchill in April 1922 to police Mandatory Palestine.
Concerned with the high cost of British Army units acting as police forces in Palestine, Winston Churchill decided that an elite police force similar to the Royal Canadian Mounted Police or South African Constabulary be created for Mandatory Palestine.
The 43 officers and 700 other ranks force were mostly recruited from the recently disbanded Royal Irish Constabulary and its Auxiliary Division who had themselves been recruited from ex-officers of the Great War. Many of its original formations had been intended to be horse mounted but these plans were dropped in an economy measure.
The unit was intended more for riot control rather than crime solving.
The force was disbanded in June 1926 with its duties taken over by the Transjordan Frontier Force.
See also
Palestine Police Force
Arab Legion
United States Zone Constabulary (Similar body in some respects, based in the US occupation zone of Germany in the immediate post-World War II period.)
Notes
External links
Black and Tans in Palestine http://www.jerusalemquarterly.org/ViewArticle.aspx?id=305
The Formation, Composition and Conduct of the British Section of the Palestine Gendarmerie http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=9059656&fileId=S0018246X13000253
History of the British Empire
Mandatory Palestine
Defunct law enforcement agencies of Mandatory Palestine
Auxiliary military units
Auxiliary police units
1922 establishments in Mandatory Palestine |
6908384 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albinus%20Peter%20Graves | Albinus Peter Graves | Brother Albinus Peter Graves, F.S.C., (October 15, 1887 – October 11, 1964) was an American Lasallian Brother who was last posted to the De La Salle Brothers in the Philippines and was a President of De La Salle College in Manila.
Early life
He was born Arthur Jacob Graves on October 15, 1887, in Minneapolis, Minnesota. During his early years, he was educated in Catholic schools and while he has expressed his desire to serve as a De La Salle Brother, his father did not allow him to do so. When he was 20 years old, he ran away from home and went to the novitiate in Pocantico Hills, New York. By the time his father knew where he was, he had already accepted his son's decision.
In 1907, Brother Graves received the religious habit and was given the religious name of Albinus Peter.
Early assignments
In the immediate years after Graves' reception of the habit, Br. Peter was posted in Connecticut and New York. In 1909 he was posted at the Christian Brothers school in Hartford, Connecticut, and in 1911 he was assigned to St. John's Academy in Utica, New York. In 1913 he was then posted to St. James's Academy in Brooklyn.
Assignment to the Philippines
In 1918 Brother Peter volunteered for the Christian Brothers' overseas mission to the Philippines, and in January 1919 he arrived in Manila. He was 32 years old and was named Director of De La Salle College. In his first year of Directorship, he oversaw the construction of the new site of the College on Taft Avenue. Thus, in 1921, he transferred the school from Calle Nozaleda in Paco to Taft Avenue. It was also during this time that the title of President was used for the chief executive officer of the College.
Graves negotiated the sale of the Paco lot, which was bought from the Perez-Samanillo family, to Vicente Madrigal with the agreement that the sale included the wrought iron gate of the compound. Br. Peter insisted that the gate cost extra and threatened to have it dismantled and brought to Taft Avenue if Madrigal did not pay extra for it. The gate now stands at Fort Santiago in Intramuros. Br. Peter also donated the marble altar of the new College's chapel, which he financed from the inheritance that he received.
Assignment to Malaya
After his term as President, Graves was assigned to Singapore for rest; he was then assigned as Director of the Saint George School in Malaya, and then Director of the school at Mandalay in Burma. After a year, he was reassigned to Penang in British Malaya and was reappointed Director in 1925. In 1927 he was reassigned to Manila to teach Mathematics in the high school department and then back again to Penang as Sub-Director of the Junior novitiate.
Return to the Philippines
Br. Peter was reassigned to Manila in 1930 for good. During World War II, he was interned by the Japanese Imperial Forces at the Internment Camp at Los Baños together with other Allied Brothers and Religious. He was rescued by American forces in 1945 and went on an eight-month vacation. On December 16, 1945, Br. Peter returned to Manila to re-establish the College.
In 1951, the De La Salle Brothers in the Philippines opened a novitiate and Graves was appointed Sub-Director and taught Theology and Church History, among other subjects.
Death
On November 23, 1968, Graves was brought to the Manila Medical Center after complaining of chest pains and died four days later.
References
Br. Albinus Peter FSC La Salle Brothers in R.P. Accessed September 9, 2007
1887 births
1964 deaths
People from Minneapolis
Roman Catholic religious brothers
20th-century American educators
American Roman Catholic missionaries
De La Salle Brothers in the Philippines
Presidents of De La Salle University
Roman Catholic missionaries in the Philippines
Roman Catholic missionaries in Malaysia
Roman Catholic missionaries in Myanmar
American expatriates in the Philippines
American expatriates in Malaysia
American expatriates in Myanmar
Missionary educators
Catholics from Minnesota
Educators from Minnesota |
26718668 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhaskaracharya%20Institute%20For%20Space%20Applications%20and%20Geo-Informatics | Bhaskaracharya Institute For Space Applications and Geo-Informatics | Bhaskaracharya Institute for Space Applications and Geoinformatics (BISAG) is a State level agency by Government of Gujarat to facilitate to provide services and solutions in implementing map-based GeoSpatial Information Systems. BISAG's SATCOM network is a satellite communication network service to provide distant interaction statewide. Currently BISAG is working to implement geo-spatial technologies for the planning and developmental activities pertaining to agriculture, land and water resource management, wasteland/watershed development, forestry, disaster management, infrastructure and education.
History
In June 1997, realizing the need to have satellite based communication for training at state level the "Remote Sensing and Communication Centre" RESECO was established under Science and Technology Cell, of Education Department of Gujarat Government.
RESECO was renamed to Bhaskaracharya Institute For Space Applications and Geo-Informatics after the great Indian Mathematician of the 12th century, Bhaskaracharya in December 2003.
College to career program
The SATCOM facility comprises an uplink earth station, control room, TV studio, and a network of receiving classrooms. These network is used to air practical training for .net and java teaching sessions conducted by Microsoft and TCS respectively.
Forestry
RESECO implemented India's first geographic information system (GIS) based computer system for the Forests & Environment Department of Gujarat. It is currently used as Coastal Zone Information System.
Software and Academic Research
BISAG Scientists provide GIS and Geoinformatics based software and web applications to government of Gujarat. In academic research section there are many research papers published by BISAG scientists. The major research areas are as follows.
1. Networking
2. Big Data Mining
3. GIS & Geoinformatics
4. Machine Learning & Neural Networks
5. Image Processing
6. Information Security
7. Image enhancement and retrieval
8. Image Registration and satellite image processing
References
State agencies of Gujarat
Communications in India
2003 establishments in Gujarat
Science and technology in Gujarat
Government agencies established in 2003 |
23579119 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maitai%20River | Maitai River | The Maitai River (also known as the Mahitahi River) is the largest river in the city of Nelson, in the north of New Zealand's South Island. The river stretches from the Bryant Range, situated to the east (inland) of Nelson, where it flows towards the city, flowing west through the heart of the city and into the Tasman bay at Nelson Haven. The catchment of the river covers some 9000 hectares, and has two branches in the upper catchment, the north meets a dam, where the south travels west into the middle catchment, from where it takes its final journey through the urban area of the city before meeting the ocean.
The Maitai river provides habitats for a plethora of diverse wildlife, at all catchments of the river and its surrounding ecosystems. This sees that many species of bird, fish, mammals and reptiles use the river as both a home and a source of food and drinking water, as well as for extensive amounts of vegetation to grow around the abundant water-source. There has also been discoveries of unique life in the Maitai River as well as surrounding rivers in the Nelson region.
Social and leisure uses for the river range from walking trails to swimming holes, where either the river's water that meets the city is used by the population, or its inhabitants walk upstream towards a less urbanised section of the river. Walking trails cover majority of the entrance of the river to the city, creating a source of exercise for the residents of nelson and surrounding homes. There are also tourist and leisure spots and activities that use the river.
The river is also utilised by the council and government in more economic and resource management ways, where a dam and reservoir has been placed on the river as well as the water from the river is used to supply the neighboring city of Nelson with water. The river is also used as a storm-water channel and flood channel for Nelson City.
Geography
Being the largest river in the Nelson region, the Maitai river is stretches a long distance of 11 kilometers, flowing into the Tasman sea from the Bryant Range. The Maitai river also includes smaller rivers which are tributaries to the main westward flow of the river. These tributaries are considered part of the river; the two mains ones are the Mineral Belt and Roding. Because of the inland nature of the river, once it extends past the urbanised area of the city and more into the east, the river is surrounded by a vast amount of forest and rock-face, where water is channeled into the river. Further upstream, the river meets the Maitai Dam and Reservoir, which is the furthest upstream man-made feature on the river. A layer of thick rock prevents the river from joining with the neighboring rivers and waters on its eastern side.
The river starts at the Headwaters, where it flows down to the Lowland Hill Country, which is the largest section of the Maitai river, consisting mostly of forest. From there it flows further northwest towards the ocean, as it becomes the Lowland Flats and Allulvai Terraces, which is also mostly forest, but sitting atop flat lands. It then reaches the Coastal Flats, where it meets the ocean, and is the last of the forest land that surrounds the river before it meets the city. The river's mouth opens into the Tasman Sea at Nelson Haven, where the estuary is surrounded by some urbanised areas.
Wildlife
Due to the vastness of the river, the Maitai River is host to a wide range of both flora and fauna, dependent on where they live along the river, both in the water and beside.
Fauna
The fauna surrounding and living within the river are typically dependent on the river as a means of both shelter and water and food, creating its own unique ecosystem. Where the river opens to the sea, there is an abundance of estuarine creatures, here fish and seabirds thrive, as well as crustaceans, sharing wildlife with the Nelson Haven which the river opens into. Shorebirds such as the Red Knot and oyster catchers appear here in abundance. As the river continues east, the estuary become less saline and joins with the freshwater river. Here wildlife can be seen that are typically rare, such as birds like the Rifleman and Kakariki, who live in the forests surrounding the river. Other animals that use the river and its surrounding forests are reptiles like the Forest gecko and Northern grass skink, as well as invertebrates like the Giant land snail. Fish populations that live in the Maitai River consist of fish that are unique to New Zealand and the Nelson region, such as the inanga, longfin eel and brown trout. There have also been discoveries within the waters, such as new species of water-beetles in the river, that use the unique ecosystem of the river to survive.
Flora
Plants and vegetation rely heavily on the geography of the land surrounding the river, as well as the mineral and soil quality of the adjacent ground. As the river leads the city, and the river maintains somewhat close proximity to the city, it is lined by podocarp forests, which change as you follow the river eastward, where there is more of an abundance of beech vegetation due to the change in soil quality. Further East it is met by an abundance of tributaries, one of which, the mineral belt, has a unique soil, where very specialised flora is able to grow, making them both endangered and rare species. The lowland hill country ecosystem located around the river is covered in vegetation where the land slopes, where beech, podocarp and kamahi foliage grows in abundance.
Lifestyle and leisure
The Maitai River is used commonly and recreationally by both the people of Nelson and tourists, due to its proximity to the city and significance. Walking trails are common and line the river, typically starting at the city and then working their way east towards the Ranges, taking upwards of a few hours to complete. These trails are also existent within and just outside the city, where cycling and running is encouraged. These trails are lined with swimming holes, where those who visit are able to swim in the river itself. There are multiple swimming holes that go not only around the river near the city, but also further up the river which provide the residents and tourists with many options for enjoyment. Other leisure activities and practices surrounding the river include fishing and water activities, where the estuary provides access into the sea for a greater exploration of the river and its ecosystem. The river is also home to Golf courses, which use the river as both an attraction and a water source, providing recreational activity to those who live nearby. Camping and exploration are also common around this area, where places such as the Maitai Valley Camp, provide spaces for people to live in the splendor of the river. Cycling and biking trails also follow the river and its extremities. Leisure activities can be halted in the river in certain season due to changes in the river, whether it was the growth of algae or the imbalance of minerals in the river itself.
Economic and resource sses
The Maitai River is a vital part of Nelson city's water, as it provides a large amount of usable water to the region. This water that the city uses comes from the Maitai as well as other sources, where the Maitai became vital after the introduction of the Maitai Water Supply Project. This project saw the increase of water storage capacity in the river that was to be used as a resource to the city, by almost more than double. The project saw the Maitai Dam and Reservoir were placed in the river in order to increase the storage capacity of Nelson City's water. The project also planned to provide the city with high quality water, without treatment more than chlorination. Plans and studies to implement these were started in 1980, and it took 49 months for these plans to be finalised and actualised, where final planning and designing began in April 1984, finishing approximately in the middle of 1986. Management of the water can prove difficult as the water fluctuates in both temperature and water quality, seen in effects such as the thermal stratification that can occur in the summer. Moreover, micro-bacteria and other concerns need to be managed within the river in order to ensure that the water maintains drinkable and usable buy the population and council of Nelson.
The river also has a dam, placed higher in the system towards the upper catchment which alters and impacts the fauna and flora of the area, as well as the flow of the river. This damming creates the Maitai Reservoir, which is capable of 50,000 meters cubed of water. This water supply is the main source of water for the city of nelson so it is vital to the population that it is maintained and usable for the benefit of all around it. The dam and reservoir are expansive, where it covers approximately 32Ha of space, and sinks to 32.75m vertically down, allowing it to hold almost 4Mm3 of water to provide to the city. The reservoir is used to refill the dam when it is running low on water, however it is also used when regular conditions are in effect, returning water to the dam in need. The water quality of the dam and reservoir are constantly tested and monitored in order to determine the safety of the water to be used by the population for drinking or other household uses. These are implemented to ensure that the city is protected from flooding and to redirect the water to refill the dam if it is in need of water.
The Maitai river acts as a storm-water and flood channel which provides protection and also water to the city. These water and flood channels are utilised in a way to stop flood water from damaging properties and infrastructure within and surrounding Nelson City. These also work as a storm water drainage system, which helps the flow and the management of water in the river and city.
Forestry and plantations are also used around the Maitai River, which provides the water for the trees to grow. The mid-catchment area is also utilised as a place for plantations of pine trees.
Friends of the Maitai
Friends of the Maitai (FOM) has taken an active role as an environmental watchdog several times over the past 50 years, when issues with potential impact on the river have arisen.
The original Friends of the Maitai existed from 1977 to 1984, formed to oppose the Nelson City Council's plan to plant the Waahi Taakaro hillsides in pine trees. Instead FOM envisioned a river valley full of natives and recreational opportunities. Unfortunately, they lost that fight and disbanded when the High Court allowed the planting of pine trees to proceed.
On the heels of that loss, the construction of the Maitai Dam in 1987 drew criticism from many residents due to its impact on river flows, but those concerns were allayed by the provision for a minimum flow level and no organised group formed to fight that battle.
More recently, Nelson East residents rose up against logging trucks using Tory, Hardy and Milton Streets. They won some voluntary concessions from forestry companies, but logging trucks still go through the city on their way to the port.
Friends of the Maitai today
The latest incarnation of FOM came in 2014 after local residents got together with Nelson City Council staff to share some ideas for re-vegetation of the riverbank. Soon after this Council installed warning signs about toxic algae (cyanobacteria) and the residents’ group gathered more members and took up the title of Friends of the Maitai.
Council launched a project called Project Maitai-Mahitahi and FOM took on the community aspect of this project, organising interest groups that include:
Planting and plant care – we have joined in Council planting days and held our own. The most significant area is the Groom Creek Wetland, where thousands of shrubs, trees and grasses have transformed a once desolate area.
River monitoring – a group regularly monitors a site in the Maitai Stream at another in Brook tributary. Data from this citizen science project feeds into monitoring undertaken by NIWA, Nelson City Council and Cawthron Institute. FOM gained a grant from Council in 2019 to install a continuous river monitor to improve the reliability of data.
Forestry – sediment from the harvesting of Pinus radiata has been identified by Cawthron as the main issue affecting water quality of the Maitai River. The forestry group works with the industry and with Council on improving practices, with a view to eventually retiring pine forest.
Communication – this group maintains a website, Facebook page and regular seasonal newsletters; as well making submissions to council and communicating with members and with media over any major issues.
Representatives from the interest groups gather every six weeks for a hub meeting when information is shared and activities are planned. Friends of the Maitai has no formal structure and welcomes interest from new members.
References
Rivers of the Nelson Region
Rivers of New Zealand |
6908407 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brody%20Castle | Brody Castle | Brody Castle (, Brodivskyi zamok) is a former fortress in the city of Brody, part of Lviv Oblast, Ukraine.
The earliest information about the construction of the castle in Brody town refers to the 1580s. Crown Hetman () Stanisław Koniecpolski acquired Brody town in 1629 and built the castle bastion of a new type between 1630 and 1635 under the supervision of Italian architect Andrea del Aqua, based on a design by Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan.
The castle was pentagonal in plan and included five bastions and curtain walls, with octagonal dungeons in the middle. It was surrounded by the deep moat. The total number of casemates in the castle was 75; they were used as barracks and warehouses. The governor lived in a wooden house in the castle grounds. This house, as well as a wooden chapel, remained until the middle of the 18th century.
The castle and the fortress withstood a siege by Cossack troops that lasted several weeks during the Khmelnytsky Uprising in 1648. During the Battle of Berestechko (1651) the fortress was the Polish military base. Here the captive Cossacks were detained.
In the late 1660s the castle was renovated, and thanks to this the locals could hide there during the Turkish campaigns in 1672 and in 1676.
The castle was acquired in 1704 by the Potocki family. Count Potocki reconstructed the castle for his own residence in rococo style.
In 1772, after the First Partition of Poland, Brody town was withdrawn by Austria.
Russian forces ravaged Brody during the War of the Polish Succession. At the order of the Austrian administration, most of the remaining fortifications were demolished by Wincenty Potocki in 1812: the ravelin, the clock tower, two bastions from the city side; the moat was filled.
In the aftermath of World War II, the castle housed a military unit, and at that time it was badly damaged due to reconstructions. The military unit left the fortress only in the 1990s. After that the palace facilities were transferred to the local school; there is also the regional archive and exhibition halls of the Brody Museum of Local History. The castle dungeons are still in ruins and are not used, that leads to considerable damages. The only surviving structure now is the much rebuilt two-storey palace of Stanislaw Potocki (1753–1805).
References
Castles in Ukraine
Buildings and structures in Lviv Oblast
Brody |
26718703 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marshall%20Plummer | Marshall Plummer | Marshall Paul Plummer (February 25, 1948 – March 25, 2010) was the first Navajo Nation Vice President, serving from 1991 to 1995. He died on March 25, 2010 having been diagnosed with end-stage lung disease. He was mentioned in an article in the Farmington Daily Times.
References
1948 births
2010 deaths
Vice Presidents of the Navajo Nation
People from Farmington, New Mexico
Deaths from lung disease
20th-century Native Americans
21st-century Native Americans |
23579121 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waren%20Sardne | Waren Sardne | Waren Sardne was a Norwegian Sámi newspaper published from 1910 to 1913 and then revived from 1922 to 1927. It was, together with Saǥai Muittalægje, an important outlet for Sámi news and opinion in the early 20th century.
History
Waren Sardne (Message from the Mountain) was founded in Plassje, Norway, as a weekly newspaper by Sámi activist and reindeer herder on 15 January 1910. The paper folded in 1913, but Mortenson revived it as a monthly in 1922. When Mortenson died in 1924, his son, Lars Danielsen, took over as editor.
Although the title was in Southern Sámi, Waren Sardne published articles primarily in Norwegian. Originally, Waren Sardne published with the subtitle "Lappernes Organ" (The Lapps' Voice), but at 1911 Sámi conference in Steinkjer, Norway, attendees voted to change the subtitle to "Samernes Organ" (The Sámi's Voice), which later changed to "Samisk Blad" (The Sámi Journal).
The paper covered a range of topics, such as reindeer herding and Sámi history, along with general news and articles about cultural and ethnic discrimination. A recurring topic was the need for Sámi people build political awareness and to organize and advocate for their interests and identity.
Editors-in-chief
Daniel Mortenson (1910–1913; 1922–1924)
Lars Danielsen (1924–1927)
References
1910 establishments in Norway
1927 disestablishments in Norway
Defunct newspapers published in Norway
Norwegian-language newspapers
Newspapers established in 1910
Publications disestablished in 1913
Newspapers established in 1922
Publications disestablished in 1927
Sámi in Norway
Sámi newspapers
Southern Sámi
Defunct weekly newspapers
Monthly newspapers |
23579122 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makahu%20River | Makahu River | The Makahu River is a river of New Zealand's North Island. It flows generally north from its origins in the Kaweka Range, reaching the Mohaka River in rough hill country southeast of Lake Taupo. About half of the river's length is within Kaweka Forest Park.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rivers of the Hawke's Bay Region
Rivers of New Zealand |
23579124 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makara%20River | Makara River | The Makara River refers to one of the following rivers in New Zealand.
Makara River (Chatham Islands), in the Chatham Islands
Mākara River (Wellington), part of the Ruamahanga River system
See also
Makara (disambiguation) |
23579126 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makarau%20River | Makarau River | The Makarau River is a river of the Auckland Region of New Zealand's North Island. The river rises some north of Kaukapakapa, flowing west before entering the south of the Kaipara Harbour.
The Tahekeroa River is a tributary of it.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rodney District
Rivers of the Auckland Region
Kaipara Harbour watersheds |
23579128 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makaretu%20River | Makaretu River | The Makaretu River is a river of the southern Hawke's Bay region of New Zealand's North Island. One of numerous roughly parallel rivers, it flows east from the slopes of the Ruahine Range north of Dannevirke, passing close to the township of Takapau before meeting the waters of the Tukituki River just to the west of Waipukurau.
There are also at least two rivers in New Zealand called "Makaretu Stream".
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rivers of the Hawke's Bay Region
Rivers of New Zealand |
6908480 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Mysteries%20of%20Pittsburgh%20%28film%29 | The Mysteries of Pittsburgh (film) | The Mysteries of Pittsburgh is a 2008 comedy-drama film based on Michael Chabon's 1988 novel of the same name. The film was written and directed by Rawson Marshall Thurber. It was produced by Michael London and executive produced by Omar Amanat. Shooting in Pittsburgh ended in October 2006, with the film set for release in 2008. It made its world premiere in January 2008 at the Sundance Film Festival. Set in 1980s Pittsburgh, the film follows the affairs of two young men with one woman, and later also with each other.
Cast
Jon Foster as Art Bechstein: The well-mannered, intelligent son of a Jewish gangster who gets caught up in a tangled love triangle with Jane and Cleveland.
Sienna Miller as Jane Bellwether: Cleveland's girlfriend. In the novel, Jane is a minor character but is elevated to leading lady in Thurber's adaptation.
Peter Sarsgaard as Cleveland Arning: Jane's rebellious bisexual boyfriend, with whom Art becomes involved. In the novel, Cleveland is entirely heterosexual; but, in adapting the film, he became merged with the homosexual character Arthur Lecomte, one of the novel's key love interests.
Mena Suvari as Phlox Lombardi: A strange girl who works at the book shop, who becomes romantically involved with Art. In the novel, she is one of the main romantic interests along with Arthur, but her role is greatly reduced in the film.
Nick Nolte as Joe Bechstein: Art's father is a Jewish gangster, who is disappointed with his son's choices and would like him to become a stockbroker.
Production
Earlier attempts to bring Pittsburgh to the big screen failed, including Chabon's own attempt to adapt his novel. In early 2000, independent filmmaker Jon Sherman (writer and director of 1996's Breathing Room) adapted Chabon's novel into a screenplay, hoping to film it with Jason Schwartzman in the role of Art Bechstein. By August of the same year, Chabon announced that the project had fallen apart, sadly writing, "Ah, well. Maybe someday."
Director Rawson Marshall Thurber got hold of the project sometime prior to 2006, when he began filming after convincing Michael Chabon he could make it work. Chabon had seen the script, and was pleased with it. In order to facilitate the film adaptation, Thurber removed the character of Arthur Lecomte "whole cloth" from the original Chabon novel in what he described as "the most glaring change". Lecomte, a gay man for whom Art begins to develop feelings, had to be removed because Thurber felt strongly "that in order for the film to function properly, it needed a more efficient and more cinematic engine — in short, a love triangle." Consequently, many elements of Arthur Lecomte were folded into the character of Cleveland.
Controversy
Cast member Sienna Miller created a minor stir in Pittsburgh when, in a 2006 interview with Rolling Stone, she referred to the city as "Shitsburgh", saying, "Can you believe this is my life? Will you pity me when you're back in your funky New York apartment and I'm still in Pittsburgh? I need to get more glamorous films and stop with my indie year." Miller has been parodied in Pittsburgh media (including one article that was headlined "Semi-famous actress dumps on the 'Burgh") and criticized for making what was seen as an unnecessarily disparaging remark, given the special treatment the film's cast and crew had been given by the visitor's bureau and other city offices. Miller soon apologized and said her remarks were taken out of context. She further stated that she was referring to night time shooting schedule of the production, and that what she had seen of the city was beautiful.
Reception
Upon major release, reviews were predominantly negative. On review aggregator website Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 top reviews from mainstream critics, the film has received an average score of 38, based on 14 reviews. Based on 43 reviews collected by Rotten Tomatoes, The Mysteries of Pittsburgh has an overall approval rating from critics of 12% with an average score of 3.9/10.
CBC News gave the movie and Thurber a damning review. They felt Thurber was "out of his depth" with the Chabon novel, and were amazed that "Like some act of reverse alchemy, Thurber has taken movie-friendly gold and turned it into dull metal." Reviewer Martin Morrow felt that the film "cuts, combines or perversely twists the book's characters, drops some of the best scenes, skimps on the sex and – unbelievably – substitutes Thurber's leaden writing for Chabon's wit", where the original novel was "just as camera-ready" as Wonder Boys, which had been adapted into a film in 2000. Morrow was also critical of Thurber's "timid" take on Art's sexual revelation, and Foster's acting. He described Cleveland as a "perfect role" for Sarsgaard, and was praising of Sarsgaard's acting, but felt the character's humour was missing.
Gay City News felt that the adaptation compromised the "very literary" debut novel and criticized Foster's "cheap voice-over narration" for failing to add any dimension to what's happening on screen. Reviewer Gary M. Kramer was critical of the film for excising the character of Arthur, compressing the character of Phlox and for bringing supporting characters Jane and Cleveland into the foreground, and was critical of Sarsgaard's acting. The review concluded that the film "seems a victim of poor planning and bad timing" and was very distant from what he called "the excellent source novel."
One reviewer for Movies.com noted that this "makes the 1137th film in which Peter Sarsgaard is called upon to play a smug, condescending, somewhat unbalanced, louche, bisexual jerk" and suspected the actor might become typecast. Movies.com were disappointed with the self-pitying and mopy qualities of Foster's character, and consequently felt the movie played as if "watching Felicity if she were a sexually experimental guy." Despite his grievances, reviewer Dave White awarded the film a mildly below average C− rating and commented "I don't want to bash it too much because it's obviously a labor of love from director Rawson Marshall Thurber (he made Dodgeball just to get the cash to free himself to make this)".
Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film two out of four stars, and felt the movie's premise was too similar to many others, such as the 1980s-set coming-of-age film Adventureland, which was released the week before, and also set in Pittsburgh. He felt the main character was hard to sympathise with and that the plot was like a "1930s Warner Bros. social melodrama". He was more praising of the acting for the film's supporting cast, but felt that their characters' motivations were left unclear. Film.com noted the release of The Mysteries of Pittsburgh coincides with the release of The Informers, another Jon Foster film about bisexuals in the 1980s, based on the Bret Easton Ellis novel of the same name. Noting that, while reviews for most films have been mixed, "the decision to see Pittsburgh on April 10 or Informers on April 24 is completely subjective -- do you like your literary adaptations debauched and nihilistic or wistful and bittersweet?" and the reviewer opined that he would probably be seeing both.
References
External links
2008 drama films
2008 films
Male bisexuality in film
American LGBT-related films
American films
English-language films
Films based on American novels
Films set in 1983
Films set in Pittsburgh
QED International films
Films directed by Rawson Marshall Thurber
Films scored by Theodore Shapiro |
44505869 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape%20Banks | Cape Banks | Cape Banks is a headland in the Australian state of South Australia located in the gazetted locality of Carpenter Rocks at the south end of Bucks Bay and the north end of Bungaloo Bay on the state's south east coast about west south west of the city of Mount Gambier.
The cape is described by one source as being "a rocky point, high, SSE of Cape Buffon" while another source describes it as ‘a cuspate foreland protruding seaward in lee of calcarenite rocks and reefs’.
It was named by the Royal Navy officer, James Grant, on 3 December 1800.
The navigation aid known as the Cape Banks Lighthouse is not located on the cape but on an unnamed headland located at the northern end of Lighthouse Bay which is the next bay to the north-west of Bucks Bay.
Cape Banks, South Australia, should not be confused with the northern headland of Botany Bay, in New South Wales, which is also named Cape Banks.
References
B
B |
44505878 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orrville%2C%20Indiana | Orrville, Indiana | Orrville is an unincorporated community in Knox County, Indiana, in the United States.
History
A post office was established at Orrville in 1895, and it remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1904. Two members of the Orr family served as postmasters.
References
Unincorporated communities in Knox County, Indiana
Unincorporated communities in Indiana |
26718718 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010%20UCI%20Track%20Cycling%20World%20Championships%20%E2%80%93%20Men%27s%201%20km%20time%20trial | 2010 UCI Track Cycling World Championships – Men's 1 km time trial | The men's 1 km time trial was one of the 10 men's events at the 2010 UCI Track Cycling World Championships, held in Ballerup, Denmark.
25 Cyclists from 17 countries participated in the contest. The Final was held on 26 March.
World record
Final
References
Results
Men's 1 km time trial
UCI Track Cycling World Championships – Men's 1 km time trial |
23579130 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makaroro%20River | Makaroro River | The Makaroro River is a river of the southern Hawke's Bay region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows southeast from the slopes of the Ruahine Range, meeting the waters of the Waipawa River west of Tikokino.
Ruataniwha Water Storage Scheme
The upper river is the proposed site for the Ruataniwha Water Storage Scheme, also called the Tukituki Catchment Proposal, a dam to create a 93 million m³ storage reservoir. The project was proposed by the Hawke's Bay Regional Council to ensure water sustainability for the region around the dam site. The Council created the Hawke's Bay Regional Investment Company Ltd in 2013 to manage the project. Due to the nature of the Regional Council's relationship, the resource consent was handled by the Environmental Protection Authority, and the Department of Conservation due to some of the land on the proposed site being part of the Ruahine Forest Park.
After the initial approval in 2014, two appeals lodged by Hawke's Bay and Eastern Fish and Game Councils and the Royal Forest and Bird Protection Society of New Zealand and cross appeal lodged by the Environmental Defence Society were examined by the High Court to reconsider the conditions of consent. On 12 December 2014 Justice Collins ordered the Board to reconsider their decision on an appropriate mechanism for managing the amount of nitrogen that enters the catchment area and giving parties a fair opportunity to comment. The final decision was released 25 June 2015 which included some amendments to the previous consent conditions.
Forest and Bird appealed the decision to allow for the transfer of 170ha of farmland for 22ha of protected conservation land in Ruahine Forest Park which would be flooded for the dam to the Appeal Court. The Court ruled on 31 August 2016 that the Director-General of Conservation was not entitled to revoke the special conservation status of a small portion in exchange for the parkland. This decision was further appealed by the Hawke's Bay Regional Investment Company Ltd and the Minister of Conservation to the Supreme Court on 27 and 28 February 2017. The court ruled on 6 July 2017 dismissing the appeal and upholding the decision that the conservation status could not be revoked under the scheme. In August 2017 Regional Council withdrew its support for the scheme and wrote off $14m it had invested in it.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rivers of the Hawke's Bay Region
Rivers of New Zealand |
23579131 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makatote%20River | Makatote River | The Makatote River is a river of the centre of New Zealand's North Island. It flows west from the slopes of Mount Ruapehu, and from the Hauhungatahi Wilderness Area, before entering rough hill country, veering southwest and entering a gorge cut almost into the volcanic rocks. It joins with the waters of several smaller streams to become the Manganui o te Ao River, part of the Whanganui River system.
The river is part of a water conservation order catchment to protect indigenous fish including lamprey, longfinned eel, short-finned eel, common smelt, banded kokopu, short-jawed kokopu, koaro, torrentfish, redfinned bully, common bully, and Cran's bully. Trees in the gorge include rimu, matai and maire. The main trees logged were rimu, matai, kahikatea, totara and miro. The lowest of the river is monitored for its whio population. A proposal to create a track to Te Kohatu waterfall was rejected as being inappropriate for a wilderness area.
The river is spanned by the third largest railway viaduct in the country, which is high. SH4 (originally built by the railway for access to its construction sites) crosses on a much lower bridge near the viaduct.
Just to the north of the viaduct, the Makatote Tramway has a Category 2 listing by the New Zealand Historic Places Trust, with remnants of rails, skid sites, a log hauler, water pits and bogie wheels. In the 1930s Western Red Cedar and Lawson's Cypress were planted near the tramway by the State Forests Service as part of a wider experimental high-altitude planting programme. Japanese Cedar, Douglas Fir, Ponderous Pine, Weymouth Pine and Sugar Pine were also considered for the experiment.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
External links
Te Kohatu waterfall in 1908 - location on 1:50,000 map, on Panoramio, tramping route description
Tramway photos on Facebook, map of tramway
Rivers of Manawatū-Whanganui
Rivers of New Zealand |
17341427 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paolo%20Maria%20Nocera | Paolo Maria Nocera | Paolo Maria Nocera (born July 25, 1985 in Rome) is an Italian former racing driver.
Career
Formula Renault
Nocera began his car racing career by driving in the Italian Formula Renault Championship in 2003; also competing in one race of the Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0. For 2004 he stayed in the Italian series, but only finished twentieth in the drivers' championship in both this and the previous year.
Formula Three
Nocera first raced in the Italian Formula Three Championship in 2004. Staying with the Lucidi Motors team throughout his time in this formula, he finished thirteenth overall in his first year and improved to third place in the standings in 2005. Following an unsuccessful foray into the Formula Three Euroseries in 2006, Nocera returned to Italy for 2007 and won the F3 championship at his third attempt.
Formula 3000
In 2006, Nocera also drove in the Euroseries 3000 for Formula One driver Giancarlo Fisichella's team. He finished thirteenth in the drivers' championship.
GP2 Series
Nocera was recruited by the BCN Competicion team to drive for them in the 2008 GP2 Series season. However, he was released after one round of the championship in favour of Adrián Vallés, who had himself been replaced at Fisichella's GP2 team by Adam Carroll.
Formula Renault 3.5 Series
It was announced on August 25, 2008, that Nocera had signed for RC Motorsport in the Formula Renault 3.5 Series, replacing British driver Duncan Tappy who had encountered budget problems. After a further two rounds of the championship, Tappy returned to the seat, and Nocera has not raced since.
Racing record
Career summary
Complete GP2 Series results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Complete Formula Renault 3.5 Series results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
References
Career statistics from driverdb.com. Retrieved on May 9, 2008.
1985 births
Living people
Italian racing drivers
GP2 Series drivers
Italian Formula Renault 2.0 drivers
Formula Renault Eurocup drivers
Italian Formula Three Championship drivers
Auto GP drivers
Formula 3 Euro Series drivers
World Series Formula V8 3.5 drivers
Prema Powerteam drivers |
23579133 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ushihama%20Station | Ushihama Station | is a passenger railway station located in the city of Fussa, Tokyo, Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East).
Lines
Ushihama Station is served by the Ōme Line, and is located 8.6 kilometers from the starting point of the line at Tachikawa Station.
Station layout
This station consists of a single ground-level island platform serving two tracks, with an elevated station building above the platform. The station is staffed.
Platforms
History
The station opened on 1 March 1943. With the privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR) on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR East.
Passenger statistics
In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 4,475 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).
The passenger figures for previous years are as shown below.
Surrounding area
Yokota Air Base
Fussa Park
See also
List of railway stations in Japan
References
External links
JR East station information
Railway stations in Tokyo
Railway stations in Japan opened in 1943
Fussa, Tokyo
Ōme Line |
23579134 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makerikeri%20River | Makerikeri River | The Makerikeri River is a river of the north Canterbury region of New Zealand's South Island. It flows south from its headwaters west of Amberley, reaching the Ashley River / Rakahuri close to Rangiora.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rivers of Canterbury, New Zealand
Waimakariri District
Rivers of New Zealand |
23579136 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makikihi%20River | Makikihi River | The Makikihi River is a river of the South Canterbury region of New Zealand's South Island. It flows east from its headwaters in the Hunters Hills southwest of Timaru, and passes through the small township of Makikihi before reaching the Pacific Ocean.
The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "cicada stream" for Mākikihi.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rivers of Canterbury, New Zealand
Rivers of New Zealand |
17341444 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St.%20Margaret%27s%20Secondary%20School | St. Margaret's Secondary School | St. Margaret's Secondary School (SMSS) is a government-aided autonomous girls' secondary school in Bukit Timah, Singapore, under the purview of the Anglican Diocese of Singapore. It is the first girls' school in Singapore and often regarded as the oldest existing girls' school in Southeast Asia.
History
St. Margaret's School is the oldest girls' school in Singapore and the Far East. It was founded in 1842 by Maria Dyer, a missionary of the London Missionary Society. In 1853 the Society for Promotion of Female Education in the East sent Sophia Cooke to Singapore to became the Principal of what was then called the "Chinese Girls' School". Cooke would use her influence to persuade the Anglican chaplain to begin a mission there. The society paid Cooke's salary but she had to rely on fund raising to keep the school viable. She arranged for Christian services to be conducted in Chinese in the school grounds.
It was later known as the Church of England Zenana Missionary (CEZMS) School in Singapore, before being renamed St. Margaret's School.
The secondary section was split from the primary in 1960 and it moved into new premises along Farrer Road.
Identity & culture
Crest
The green background represents creation, of which we are a part. It stands for life and activity, creativity and growth.
The white band running diagonally across from the upper left-hand corner to the lower right-hand corner stands for purity in thought, word and deed.
The white cross represents the Christian mission of the school. Like a directional compass, it shows the right way to take and it points us to God's love, truth and provision.
Motto
Charity, Patience, Devotion
The school is named after Queen Margaret of Scotland who was known for many good qualities, among them, love (charity), patience and devotion.
Uniform
The school uniform is a one-piece dress which features a dark green polka-dotted top, a dark green skirt up to knee length and a dark green school tie with the school logo pinned at the bottom. There are also separate PE shorts, a shirt with different colours depending on different houses and a CCA skirt. White school socks with or without the SMSS logo can be worn. A name tag is worn. The only jacket allowed is the black school jacket or any plain black jacket, and earrings are restricted to plain studs of green, white, black, gold or silver. Hair accessories can only be dark green, white and black. Despite this, coloured top undergarments are not allowed - only white or nude colours are permissible.
Affiliation
St. Margaret's Secondary School is affiliated with St. Margaret's Primary School (SMPS) and Saint Andrew's Junior College (SAJC).
Academic information
Being a non-special programme secondary school, St. Margaret's Secondary School offers three academic streams, namely the four-year Express course, as well as the Normal Course, comprising Normal (Academic) and Normal (Technical) academic tracks.
O Level Express Course
The Express Course is a nationwide four-year programme that leads up to the Singapore-Cambridge G.C.E. Ordinary Level examination.
Academic subjects
The examinable academic subjects for Singapore-Cambridge G.C.E. Ordinary Level offered by the school for upper secondary level (via. streaming in secondary 2 level), as of 2017, are listed below.
Notes:
Subjects indicated with ' * ' are mandatory subjects.
All students in Singapore are required to undertake a Mother Tongue Language as an examinable subject, as indicated by ' ^ '
Normal Course
The Normal Course is a nationwide 4-year programme leading to the Singapore-Cambridge GCE Normal Level examination, which runs either the Normal (Academic) curriculum or Normal (Technical) curriculum, abbreviated as N(A) and N(T) respectively.
Normal (Academic) Course
In the Normal (Academic) course, students offer 5-8 subjects in the Singapore-Cambridge GCE Normal Level examination. Compulsory subjects include:
English Language
Mother Tongue Language
Mathematics
Combined Humanities
A 5th year leading to the Singapore-Cambridge GCE Ordinary Level examination is available to N(A) students who perform well in their Singapore-Cambridge GCE Normal Level examination. Students can move from one course to another based on their performance and the assessment of the school principal and teachers.
Normal (Technical) Course
The Normal (Technical) course prepares students for a technical-vocational education at the Institute of Technical Education. Students will offer 5-7 subjects in the Singapore-Cambridge GCE Normal Level examination. The curriculum is tailored towards strengthening students’ proficiency in English and Mathematics. Students take English Language, Mathematics, Basic Mother Tongue and Computer Applications as compulsory subjects.
Notable alumni
Lee Lin Chin, TV Newsreader and presenter, SBS-TV, Sydney, Australia
Eunice Olsen: Former Nominated Member of Parliament; television presenter
Dalreena Poonam Gill: Beauty Queen - Miss Singapore World 2014, Miss Singapore India 2013 (Third); soccer referee
Daphne Khoo: Fourth, Singapore Idol
Stephanie Sun: Singaporean singer-songwriter
External links
Official website
St. Margaret's Ex-Students' Association (SMESA)
References
Secondary schools in Singapore
Bukit Timah
Girls' schools in Singapore
Autonomous schools in Singapore
Anglican schools in Singapore
Schools in Central Region, Singapore |
23579138 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makino%20River | Makino River | The Makino River is a river of the east of New Zealand's North Island. It flows northeast from the Kaweka Range as one of the headwaters of the Mohaka River. The Makino's entire length is within Kaweka Forest Park.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rivers of the Hawke's Bay Region
Rivers of New Zealand |
17341456 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Religion | The Religion | The Religion is a horror novel written in 1982 by Nicholas Conde. It explores the ritual sacrifice of children to appease the pantheon of voodoo deities, through the currently used practice of Santería. The novel depicts the various deities and personas commonly seen in Santería, and it attempts to explain the connection and differences between Santería(white magic)and Brujeria (black magic). In essence, the novel shows that there is a difference between Santeria and Brujeria, in which Brujeria is the evil force in the novel, where as Santeria is a force for good .
This religion is huge, complex and living in our midsts. Sacrifices must be made to save the world, or so they believe. Anthropologist Cal Jamison intends to study 'Santaria' but finds himself hopelessly ensnared. Trying to help a NY cop discover the killers of several children, he gets in over his head and finds his 7-year-old son Chris is in jeopardy. What is the price needed to ensure good? Can he rescue Chris in time? Who are his friends and who are his enemies? Chilling!
The novel served as the basis for the 1987 feature film ''The Believers.
References
Horror novels
1982 American novels
American novels adapted into films
Works about sacrifice
Works about Santería
New American Library books |
17341465 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pauw | Pauw | Pauw (Dutch for "peacock"), de Pauw or DePauw are variants of a Dutch or Flemish surname and may refer to:
People
Pauw
Adriaan Pauw (1585–1653), Dutch Grand Pensionary of Holland
Jacques Pauw, South African investigative journalist
Michiel Pauw (1590–1640), Mayor of Amsterdam and a director of the Dutch West India Company
Pieter Pauw (1564–1617), Dutch botanist and anatomist
Vera Pauw (born 1963), Dutch football coach and former player
De Pauw / DePauw
Ayrton De Pauw (born 1998), Belgian racing cyclist
Bart De Pauw (born 1968), Belgian television producer, comedian and scriptwriter
Cornelius de Pauw (1739–1799), Dutch scholar at the court of Frederick the Great of Prussia
Gommar DePauw (1918–2005), Belgian traditionalist Catholic priest
Johanna de Paauw (1933–1989), Dutch jazz singer using the pseudonym "Ann Burton"
Josse De Pauw (born 1952), Belgian artist and actor
Henri De Pauw (born 1911), Belgian water polo player
Linda Grant DePauw (born 1940), American modern historian, retired university teacher, non-fiction author, journal editor
Lydia De Pauw (born 1929), Belgian politician
Moreno De Pauw (born 1991), Belgian racing cyclist
Niels De Pauw (born 1996), Belgian footballer
Nill De Pauw (born 1990), Belgian footballer
Noël De Pauw (1942–2015), Belgian racing cyclist
Roger De Pauw (born 1921), Belgian racing cyclist
Tony De Pauw, Belgian businessman
Washington C. DePauw (1822–1887), American industrialist of Indiana
Places
Named for Washington C. DePauw:
Depauw, Indiana, an unincorporated community
DePauw Avenue Historic District, New Albany, Indiana
DePauw University, Greencastle, Indiana
See also
Pavonia, New Netherland, named for Michiel Pauw
Dutch-language surnames |
17341486 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philipps | Philipps | Philipps is an English, Dutch, and German surname meaning "lover of horses". Derivative, patronym, of the more common ancient Greek name "Philippos and Philippides." Notable people with this surname are:
"Philipps" has also been a shortened version of Philippson, a German surname especially prevalent amongst German Jews and Dutch Jews.
Busy Philipps (born 1979), American film actress
Colwyn Philipps, 3rd Viscount St Davids (1939–2009), British peer
Kinga Philipps (born 1976), American actress
Rhodri Philipps (born 1966), eldest son of the current Viscount St Davids
Richard Philipps (1661–1750), British Governor of Nova Scotia
Sir John Philipps, 6th Baronet (circa 1701–1764), Welsh Jacobite politician
Sir Owen Cosby Philipps (1863–1937), Knight of Justice of the Order of St John
Wogan Philipps, 2nd Baron Milford (1902–1993), only member of the Communist Party of Great Britain ever to sit in the House of Lords
See also
Philippe (disambiguation)
Philipps Baronets
Philips (surname)
Phillips (disambiguation)
Phillipps
English-language surnames
Dutch-language surnames
German-language surnames
Patronymic surnames
Surnames from given names |
6908502 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock%20Steady%20%28All%20Saints%20song%29 | Rock Steady (All Saints song) | "Rock Steady" is a song performed by English-Canadian recording girl group All Saints from their third studio album, Studio 1 (2006). It was co-written by group member Shaznay Lewis in collaboration with the track's producer Greg Kurstin. The song was released by Parlophone on 6 November 2006. All Saints collaborated with Kurstin on a number of songs; six were chosen for the album. "Rock Steady" was released as the first single from it. The song contains prominent 2 Tone, dance-pop, reggae fusion, rocksteady and ska musical characteristics. It is lyrically influenced by the personalities of the group members themselves.
"Rock Steady" received mainly positive reviews from contemporary music critics. The song also garnered charting success for All Saints both in the United Kingdom and internationally. It debuted at number 11 on the UK Singles Chart before reaching a peak of number three the following week. It became All Saints' ninth consecutive top 10 hit in the United Kingdom. The single also garnered chart success internationally; peaking within the top 10 in the Czech Republic, Finland, Hungary and Spain, and the top 40 in several other countries.
The accompanying music video for "Rock Steady" was directed by W.I.Z. and it was released on 30 September 2006; it features the group acting as professional bank robbers. In order to promote the song, All Saints performed "Rock Steady" live on various television shows, including Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway, Popworld and Top of the Pops, and was subsequently performed on their Red Flag Tour (2016) and Testament Tour (2018).
Background, release, and composition
All Saints announced in January 2006 that the group had officially reformed after splitting in 2001. On 20 September 2006, the group revealed that the title of their 'comeback single' was "Rock Steady" and that it would be released on 6 November, accompanied by two B-sides: "Dope Noize" and "Do Me". The song premiered on BBC Radio 1's The Chris Moyles Show on 21 September 2006. In Australia, a CD single was issued on 15 January 2007.
The song was produced by Greg Kurstin. Kurstin also performed all instrumentation involved in the song and, recorded and mixed the song at Mayfair Studios in London, England. John Hudson was Kurstin's recording assistant for the track and Jasper Irm, Simon Hayes and Toshi Minesaki were involved in its engineering. All backing vocals in the song are sung by group members Nicole Appleton and Natalie Appleton. "Rock Steady" was mastered by Geoff Pesche.
The song is composed in the key of D minor, the beat is set in common time and moves at 136 beats per minute. "Rock Steady" features a different and new style in music in comparison to previous All Saints tracks. It is upbeat song which contains prominent elements of 2 Tone, dance-pop, reggae fusion, rocksteady and ska music, and was described by the Huddersfield Daily Examiner as having "sassy reggae pop" musical characteristics. The song is constructed in verse-chorus form. The first verse is sung by Lewis and the second verse is sung by Nicole. Melanie Blatt leads the song's middle eight along with Natalie. All the verses are sung in call and response with the chorus being sung as a combined vocal by all group members with Lewis on lead.
Controversy
Surrounding the release of "Rock Steady" was controversy regarding its sound after Cheryl from rival British girl group Girls Aloud accused the All Saints single of sounding like one of Girls Aloud's. In an interview with MTV UK, group member Blatt sarcastically responded to the accusation: "'Jump (for My Love)' is so where I wanna be. [...] We could only aspire and dream to be like them (Girls Aloud). Hopefully one day we will achieve that. For now, we will have to make do with copying them." In the same interview, Nicole responded: "We all have vaginas. That's about as similar as it gets." Lewis went on to say that she doesn't care what Girls Aloud thinks, referring to them as "stupid little girls". Lewis later substantiated her reference in another interview, saying:
We [All Saints] say what we want. As long as we stand true and say what we believe, it's fine. I stand by it and I mean it. If you [Cheryl] say things about people for any other reason you have to be careful because you will bump into them. So you'd better mean what you say. We are four feisty women with a lot of attitude. We're confident because we're older now. People forget they're not talking Girls Aloud or Sugababes – we're 30-odd-year-old women so we aren't dizzy anymore. It's not cockiness, it's maturity. The industry is so false and we know that but when you're younger you think it's the be all and end all.
However, Girls Aloud member Sarah Harding rubbished reports of the feud, saying: "[...] It was taken out of proportion, twisted and they [All Saints] retaliated. I actually had a drink with Natalie Appleton and Liam Gallagher the other week as we have a mutual friend – everything is fine, honestly."
Critical reception
John Murphy from musicOMH was positive in his review of the song, saying it was a good example of how at ease the group sounded with their new direction. He called it "fresh and cool", and also complimented the Appleton sisters' backing vocals, noting they "fit in beautifully". Matthew Chisling of AllMusic described the song as a "kicking track" and "solid dance hit with enticing grooves". M. H. Lo of Stylus Magazine gave the track a nine out of ten rating, complimenting its "brilliantly insistent chorus" as well as its backing track, "the song will not leave your mind as long as you're willing to give it three spins. The golden age of British girl bands receives reinforcements". Virgin Medias Hamish Champ mentioned that "one can't help feeling that the quartet has made a conscious decision to move into Girls Aloud territory". Leon McDermott from the Sunday Herald also gave the song a positive review, saying: "An updated take on the sound they made their own, it adds cheeky nods to Jamaican-inspired two tone, ska and rock steady the genre that provides the title for their skanking, jumping comeback single".
However, the song was also criticised. Mickey McMonagle from Sunday Mail said there was "too much of the old Girls Aloud sound about this comeback single for me to get too excited", and that he expected something more fresh and exciting for the group's comeback. Paul Connolly from the Evening Standard mentioned that the song "does smack off cynicism, however. It sounds like a 50/50 splice of Girls Aloud's pop dynamism and Sugababes' slouchy thrift-shop R&B. It really doesn't do the girls any justice". He completed his review of the song saying it was not "a terrible song – it's just kind of pointless". Fraser McAlpine of the BBC Chart Blog gave the single a two-star rating, commenting that "the Saints are acting quite devilishly in pinching approximately 98.3% of their sound, mixing it with the dodgy checkered-trousered leftovers from the Ordinary Boys' Brassbound, and throwing in every single senseless lyric from every single girl band song ever".
Chart performance
In the United Kingdom, "Rock Steady" debuted on the UK Singles Chart at number 11 on the issue dated 11 November 2006. It was the second highest new entry in the chart for that week, behind U2 and Green Day collaboration single "The Saints Are Coming", which debuted at number six. The chart debut of the song marked All Saints' first appearance on the chart since "All Hooked Up" (2001). The next week, it faced competition from rival girl band Sugababes' new single and "Easy", which also had debuted the previous week at number 30. On 18 November, the song climbed eight places to reach a peak of number three, outpeaking the Sugababes single who peaked at number eight for that week. "Rock Steady" spent ten weeks on the chart before exiting at number 65, on 13 January 2007. As of July 2018, the song was the group's eighth best selling single in the United Kingdom.
In Austria, "Rock Steady" debuted at number 67 on 17 November 2006, before peaking at number 20 on 22 December 2006. It spent a total of 12 weeks on the chart. The track debuted and peaked at number 10 in Finland, becoming the group's third top 10 hit there. "Rock Steady" debuted at number 40 in Hungary, but later peaked at number five on the chart issued for the sixth week of 2007; it spent 17 weeks on the chart. The song peaking at number 15 in Ireland, becoming All Saints' eighth top 20 hit in the country and spending a total of five weeks in the chart. "Rock Steady" peaked at number 16 in Italy and spent a total of four weeks in the chart. On 12 November 2006, "Rock Steady" debuted and peaked at number 10 in Spain, spending a total of three weeks on the chart. In Switzerland, it debuted at number 40 on 3 December 2006, later peaking at number 37 for two weeks, spending a total of 11 weeks on the chart.
Music video
Weeks of planning went into shooting the music video for "Rock Steady" in Cuba: booking flights for all staff, hiring equipment and arranging locations. However, All Saints were not able to sit together in first class travel to Cuba, they either had to "unacceptably" go on separate flights or sit in economy class and as a result the shoot for the music video was moved to Bucharest in Romania at the expense of Parlophone Records. It was directed by W.I.Z., who also directed the video for the group's 1998 single "War of Nerves". The video was also produced by Laura Kanerick. It was released exclusively through Yahoo! Launch on 30 September 2006.
The music video is set in black and white, with occasional streaks of yellow or red visible for dramatic emphasis. It begins with a consecutive, quick close-up of each group member. Natalie, first, is seen with tied-back hair and black sunglasses turning around. Lewis, second, is seen with loose hair removing her sunglasses. Nicole, third, is seen wearing a tilted black hat and a veil over her face. Blatt, last, is wearing a European-styled black cap with her hair curled to volume and is depicted throughout the video reading The Thief's Journal by Jean Genet. A scene is then focused around the atmosphere outside a fictional bank named "La Banca dei Fortunati", as the girls begin to arrive. The name of the bank director is "Benito Berlusconi".
The scene then shifts to an ATM where money is seen ejecting. Lewis and Nicole then walk into the bank holding whips. Natalie comes through another entrance with her glasses on her head. With security all around, Natalie acts innocent by pretending to be doing her make-up while she waits for Nicole and Lewis to act out the robbery. The latter ones are then seen sitting down at a table making a deal with the bank managers. At this stage, Natalie goes back outside and puts her sunglasses back on. She stares at one of the security guards as blood starts dripping underneath her sunglasses from her eyes to the extent that the ground enlarges in a circle of blood before the screen flashes out in red. In another scene, Nicole removes her hat, and begins crawling to escape the bank whilst Blatt is waiting outside. Natalie and Lewis are now in the bank area where they make use of a whip to frighten the civilians, who put their hands in the air and begin doing an almost robotic dance routine. The group then makes their escape via a motorcycle and side car.
Live performances
All Saints performed "Rock Steady" live on Ant & Dec's Saturday Night Takeaway, on 21 October 2006. This was the first time the group performed live together in five years since their split in 2001. On 25 October 2006, All Saints performed the single live in a setlist of six songs, five from Studio 1 and signature hit single "Pure Shores" at the Sheperd's Bush Pavilion in London. The group wore black or white-coloured shirts teamed with big, loose-knotted ties. Before the show, Shaznay Lewis addressed the crowd saying "We're very nervous, you know" and Nicole Appleton said that she was "emotional" after the gig. Chris Elwell-Sutton of the Evening Standard reviewed the performance saying "'Rock Steady' was another energetic, commercially viable highlight". James McNair of The Independent gave the gig a five star rating, saying: "The superb new single 'Rock Steady' shifts things up a gear, All Saints nailing their dancehall influences to the mast and engaging in some neat, microphone-swapping choreography".
The single was then performed live on Popworld on 4 November as part of its promotion leading up to its release on 6 November. On 14 November, they appeared on Top of the Pops for a performance of the single. The girls also showed up at BBC's Children in Need on 17 November to perform the single. All Saints performed the song live as the opening act on The Chart Show on 18 November 2006, alongside acts like Girls Aloud and McFly. The group also performed "Pure Shores" at the event and the following was said about their performances: "They didn't disappoint [...] the party was now well under way." All Saints also performed "Rock Steady" on Channel 4's T4, aired on the same day.
"Rock Steady" was included on the setlist for their first headlining show in over a decade at London's KOKO, on 4 April 2016, and was performed as part of the setlist of their 2016 Red Flag Tour. All Saints also performed it on their Electric Brixton set in July 2018.
Track listings
UK CD 1
"Rock Steady" – 2:47
"Dope Noize" – 3:54
UK CD 2
"Rock Steady" – 2:47
"Do Me" – 4:17
"Rock Steady" (Calvin Harris Remix) – 3:35
"Rock Steady" (Music Video) – 3:32
UK 12-inch single
"Rock Steady" (MSTRKRFT Edition) – 5:06
"Rock Steady" (Junkyard Mix) – 3:45
"Rock Steady" (K-Gee Reggae Bounce Remix) – 4:27
European 12-inch single
"Rock Steady" – 2:47
"Rock Steady" (Calvin Harris Remix) – 3:35
"Rock Steady" (MSTRKRFT Edition) – 5:06
Italian 12-inch single
"Rock Steady" (Junkyard Mix) – 3:45
"Rock Steady" (K-Gee Reggae Bounce Remix) – 4:27
"Rock Steady" (Calvin Harris Remix) – 3:35
"Rock Steady" (MSTRKRFT Edition) – 5:06
Credits and personnel
Songwriting – Shaznay Lewis, Greg Kurstin
Production – Greg Kurstin
Instruments and programming – Greg Kurstin
Recording – Greg Kurstin, John Hudson
Engineering – Jasper Irm, Simon Hayes, Toshi Minesaki
Main vocals – Shaznay Lewis, Melanie Blatt, Natalie Appleton, Nicole Appleton
Background vocals – Natalie Appleton, Nicole Appleton
Mixing – Greg Kurstin
Mastering – Geoff Pesche
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
References
All Saints (group) songs
Dance-pop songs
Reggae songs
Ska songs
Songs written by Greg Kurstin
2006 singles
Songs written by Shaznay Lewis
Songs with feminist themes
Song recordings produced by Greg Kurstin
Black-and-white music videos |
6908505 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xinshi | Xinshi | Xinshi (unless otherwise indicated , lit. "New City") may refer to the following locations in mainland China and Taiwan:
Districts
Xinshi District, Baoding, Hebei
Xinshi District, Ürümqi, Xinjiang
Subdistricts
Xinshi Subdistrict, Shijiazhuang (), in Qiaoxi District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei
Xinshi Subdistrict, Jinhua (), in Wucheng District, Jinhua, Zhejiang
Xinshi Subdistrict, Guangzhou, in Baiyun District
Xinshi Subdistrict, Linjiang, Jilin
Xinshi Subdistrict, Xi'an, in Lintong District
Towns
Xinshi, in Bowang District, Ma'anshan, Anhui
Xinshi, Changshou District, Chongqing
Xinshi, Zaoyang, Xiangyang, Hubei
Xinshi, Jingshan County, Jingmen, Hubei
Xinshi (新市镇), Leiyang City, Hengyang, Hunan.
Xinshi, Miluo, Yueyang, Hunan
Xinshi, You County, Hunan
Xinshi, Mianzhu, Sichuan
Xinshi, Ziyang, in Jianyang, Sichuan
Xinshi, Yibin, in Pingshan County, Sichuan
Xinshi, Huzhou, in Deqing County, Zhejiang
Townships
Xinshi Township, Qu County, Sichuan
See also
Sinshih District, Tainan, Taiwan |
26718734 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Skidmore%20College%20people | List of Skidmore College people | Here follows a list of notable people associated with Skidmore College in Saratoga Springs, New York. It includes graduates, attendees, faculty, and presidents of the college.
Distinguished alumni
Arts and entertainment
Zazie Beetz, actor, Deadpool 2 and Atlanta (Class of 2013)
Lake Bell, actor, Boston Legal and Childrens Hospital (attended)
Jon Bernthal, actor, The Walking Dead and The Wolf of Wall Street (attended)
Eddie Cahill, actor, Miracle and CSI: NY (attended)
Ruth Sacks Caplin, screenwriter of Mrs. Palfrey at the Claremont (Class of 1941)
Kyle Carey, singer and musician (Class of 2008)
Kathleen Collins, playwright, filmmaker, director, civil rights activist, and educator, Losing Ground (Class of 1963)
Kelly Curtis, actor (Class of 1978)
Evan Dando, musician with The Lemonheads (attended)
Grace DeGennaro, visual artist (Class of 1978)
Pete Donnelly, musician, founding member of The Figgs, as well as former member of NRBQ, Soul Asylum, Mike Viola and the Candybutchers (Class of 2017)
Garrett "G. Love" Dutton, musician with G. Love & Special Sauce (attended)
Judith Flanders, author and historian (Class of 1980)
Chris Fleming, comedian and creator of the web series Gayle (Class of 2009)
Anthony Geraci, blues pianist and an original member of both Sugar Ray & the Bluetones and Ronnie Earl & the Broadcasters.
Tawny Godin, former Miss America 1976 (attended)
Holter Graham, actor and producer (Class of 1994)
Mick Grøndahl, bassist with Jeff Buckley
Justin Henry, actor, Kramer vs. Kramer and Sixteen Candles (Class of 1993)
Scott Jacoby, record producer (Class of 1993)
Ian Kahn, actor, Turn: Washington's Spies (Class of 1994)
Skylar Kergil, musician and activist (Class of 2013)
Jason Keyser, musician with death metal band Skinless (Class of 2013)
Elizabeth LeCompte, co-founder and director of The Wooster Group, and a MacArthur Fellow (Class of 1966)
Sydney Magruder Washington, ballet dancer (Class of 2014)
Evan Mast, musician with Ratatat (Class of 2001)
Molly McGrann, novelist and literary critic (Class of 1995)
Will Menaker, political satirist and host of Chapo Trap House
David Miner, television producer, 30 Rock and The Tracy Morgan Show (Class of 1991)
Michael Nozik, film producer, Crossing Delancey, The Motorcycle Diaries, and Quiz Show (Class of 1976)
Nelle Nugent, Broadway producer, Time Stands Still (Class of 1960)
Julia Nunes, singer, songwriter, YouTube celebrity (Class of 2011)
Jason Reitman, filmmaker, Juno and Up in the Air (attended)
Ariana Richards, actor and painter, Jurassic Park (Class of 2002)
Jane Roberts, author and poet (attended)
Sybil Shearer, modern dance pioneer and writer (Class of 1934)
Micah Sloat, actor, Paranormal Activity (Class of 2004)
Matthew Wolff, graphic designer (Class of 2012)
Michael Zegen, actor, Rescue Me (Class of 2001)
Athletics
Matt Hyson, professional wrestler whose stage name is Spike Dudley (Class of 1992)
Business
Barbara Bloom, senior vice president of CBS Daytime
Cynthia Carroll, CEO of Anglo American, ranked 14th most powerful woman in the world by Forbes in 2010 (Class of 1978)
Ben Cohen, co-founder of Ben & Jerry's Ice Cream (attended)
Helen Corbitt, chef and cookbook author (Class of 1928)
Louise Fili, graphic designer (Class of 1973)
J. Joel Quadracci, CEO of Quad/Graphics (Class of 1991)
Benjamin Sargent, chef and Food Network television personality (Class of 2000)
Wilma Stein Tisch, board member and philanthropist (Class of 1948)
Education and science
Benjamin Bolger, sociology professor at the College of William & Mary (MA 2007)
Sallie W. Chisholm, oceanographer (Class of 1969)
Hazel Stiebeling, nutritionist and early developer of "daily allowance" guidelines (Class of 1915)
Amy Townsend-Small, director of the Environmental Studies Program at the University of Cincinnati (Class of 1998)
Journalism
Arwa Damon, Middle East correspondent for CNN (Class of 1999)
Grace Mirabella, author and former editor-in-chief of Vogue (Class of 1950)
Cal Perry, correspondent for CNN based in the network's Beirut bureau (Class of 2001)
Webster Tarpley, author, historian, conspiracy theorist (MA)
Politics
Senator Joseph Bruno, New York State Senate Majority Leader (also received an honorary doctorate) (Class of 1952)
Jennie Cave, first woman mayor of Norwalk, Connecticut (Class of 1923)
Fred Guttenberg, political activist (Class of 1988)
Helene Schneider, former mayor of Santa Barbara, California (Class of 1992)
Kate Snyder, mayor of Portland, Maine (Class of 1992)
Anne Wexler, political advisor and lobbyist (Class of 1951)
Notable faculty
Regis Brodie, Art professor
Sheldon Solomon, Psychology professor
Kathryn H. Starbuck, Executive Secretary and law professor
Presidents of the College
Charles Henry Keyes (1912–1925)
Henry T. Moore (1925–1957)
Val H. Wilson (1957–1965)
Joseph C. Palamountain, Jr. (1965–1987)
David H. Porter (1987–1999)
Jamienne S. Studley (1999–2003)
Philip A. Glotzbach (2003–2020)
Marc C. Conner (2020–present)
References
Skidmore College
Saratoga Springs, New York |
23579139 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makotuku%20River | Makotuku River | The Makotuku River is a river of the west of New Zealand's North Island. It flows southwest from Tūroa ski field, on the slopes of Mount Ruapehu, and passes through the town of Raetihi before its confluence with the Mangawhero River. It has been affected by several lahars over the last 160,000 years.
The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "white heron stream" for Mākōtuku.
Water quality
The long term e. coli rating for the river at Raetihi is poor.
Water supply
Raetihi's drinking water comes from the river. In 2018 Veolia added activated carbon dosing, coagulation, flocculation, a lamella settler, filters and UV disinfection to the previous two settling ponds and chlorination, to minimise the effect of future pollution events.
Oil spills
In December 1979 of heating oil (diesel and kerosene) and, in September 2013, of diesel spilt into the river at the Turoa ski field, upstream. The 2013 leak required Raetihi to have 21 days of water supply from road tankers. The leaks had impacts on mayflies, lichens, mosses, fish and whio. Ruapehu Alpine Lifts Ltd was fined $300,000 for the 2013 spill.
Hydro electricity
The 60kW Raetihi hydro-electric scheme produces about a year and was built in 1918, about north of Raetihi. Its water comes from the Makotuku River, Makara Stream, Makaraiti Stream and a tributary of Mangaone Stream. It has a head of from its headpond to its generator, near the Orautoha Stream. The original generator remains in use.
Makotuku River Walkway
The Makotuku River Walkway was upgraded in 2021, with loop tracks on the east side of Raetihi. Much of the funding for the work came from the compensation paid after the 2013 oil spill.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
External links
Rivers of Manawatū-Whanganui
Rivers of New Zealand |
17341516 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portsmouth%20Friends%20Meetinghouse%2C%20Parsonage%20and%20Cemetery | Portsmouth Friends Meetinghouse, Parsonage and Cemetery | The Portsmouth Friends Meetinghouse, Parsonage, and Cemetery (also known as Portsmouth Friends Meeting House or Portsmouth Evangelical Friends Church) is a historic Friends Meeting House and cemetery of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers), at 11 Middle Road and 2232 E. Main Road in Portsmouth, Rhode Island.
In 1638, exiled religious dissidents from the Massachusetts Bay Colony founded Portsmouth, the second oldest colonial community in Rhode Island. The Quaker community developed shortly after the community was founded.
The current meetinghouse was built around 1699–1700. The building was used as a Quaker house of worship and school. During the American Revolutionary War, British troops occupied the building. In 1784 the Moses Brown School was founded at the church. The meeting house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. Currently, services are held weekly on Sundays at 10:30 am. and 7:00 p.m.. As of 2020, the meeting house is listed for sale.
See also
List of the oldest buildings in Rhode Island
Great Friends Meetinghouse
National Register of Historic Places listings in Newport County, Rhode Island
References
External links
Portsmouth Evangelical Friends Official website
Quaker meeting houses in Rhode Island
Cemeteries in Rhode Island
Cemeteries on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island
Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island
Churches in Newport County, Rhode Island
17th-century Quaker meeting houses
18th-century Quaker meeting houses
1700 establishments in Rhode Island
Buildings and structures in Portsmouth, Rhode Island
National Register of Historic Places in Newport County, Rhode Island |
17341532 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exhilaration | Exhilaration | Emotions |
23579146 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makuri%20River | Makuri River | The Makuri River is a river of the south of New Zealand's North Island. It flows from the Puketoi Range in the northern Wairarapa, initially flowing southwest (this stretch is usually known as Makuri Stream). after some it turns northwest, reaching the waters of the Tiraumea River southeast of Pahiatua.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rivers of the Wellington Region
Rivers of New Zealand |
23579147 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manaia%20River | Manaia River | The Manaia River is a river of the Coromandel Peninsula in New Zealand's North Island. It flows north from its sources in the Coromandel Range, reaching the waters of the Hauraki Gulf at Manaia Harbour, southwest of Coromandel.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Thames-Coromandel District
Rivers of Waikato
Rivers of New Zealand
Hauraki Gulf watersheds |
17341537 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Owen%20%28theologian%29 | Robert Owen (theologian) | Robert Owen (13 May 1820 – 6 April 1902) was a Welsh theologian and antiquarian.
Life
Owen was born in Dolgellau, Merionethshire, on 13 May 1820. After being educated at Ruthin School, Owen attended Jesus College, Oxford, matriculating in 1838. He obtained a third-class Bachelor of Arts degree in Literae Humaniores in 1842, with further degrees of Master of Arts (1845) and Bachelor of Divinity (1852). He was a Fellow of Jesus College from 1845 until 1864, when an allegation of immorality forced his resignation.
In 1843, Owen was ordained by Christopher Bethell, Bishop of Bangor. However, he held no position after serving as curate until 1845 at Tremeirchion. He was influenced by the Oxford Movement and corresponded with John Henry Newman, before and after Newman converted to Catholicism. Owen was a supporter of disestablishment of the Welsh Church, believing that this would help promote its catholic character. After his resignation, he retired to his estate at Vron-y-graig, Barmouth, and carried on his writings. He died, unmarried, on 6 April 1902 and was buried at Llanaber.
Works
Owen has been described by one biographer as having "a claim to be considered the most erudite of the nineteenth-century fellows of his college". He edited The Unbloody Sacrifice by John Johnson in 1847. His major works were An Introduction to the Study of Dogmatic Theology (1858), and Institutes of Canon Law (1884), written at the prompting of Walter Kerr Hamilton, who was Bishop of Salisbury. In 1880, he published Sanctorale Catholicum, or, Book of Saints (1880) which not only included a significant number of Welsh saints but was also the first such book to include "just men" of the Anglican church. He also wrote The Kymry: their Origin, History and International Relations, based on his study of Welsh history and philology, and a verse work, Pilgrimage to Rome (1883).
References
1820 births
1902 deaths
People educated at Ruthin School
Alumni of Jesus College, Oxford
Fellows of Jesus College, Oxford
19th-century Welsh Anglican priests
Welsh theologians
People from Dolgellau
19th-century Welsh theologians
19th-century Welsh writers |
26718776 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Jackson%20%28botanist%29 | George Jackson (botanist) | George Jackson (1780–1811) was an English botanist and author. He was born in Aberdeen in 1780 and was later in charge of A.B. Lambert's herbarium. On 2 February 1808 he was elected a Fellow of the Linnean Society and made important contributions to the Henry Cranke Andrews publication The Botanist's Repository. He formally described the genus Ormosia, publishing the description in Transactions of the Linnean Society.
Jackson died on 12 January 1811 aged 31. In the same year Robert Brown named a genus of leguminous plants Jacksonia in his honour. James Edward Smith, in [[Rees's Cyclopædia|Rees's Cyclopædia]] noted -
"Jacksonia'', so named by Mr. Robert Brown, in memory of the late Mr. George Jackson, F.L.S., a man of the most excellent and amiable character, devoted to the science of botany."
References
English botanists
Fellows of the Linnean Society of London
1780 births
1811 deaths |
23579148 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manakaiaua%20River | Manakaiaua River | The Manakaiaua River is a river of the West Coast Region of New Zealand's South Island. It flows generally northwest from its source on the slopes of Mount Ritchie in the Bare Rocky Range, part of the Southern Alps, reaching the Tasman Sea to the north of Bruce Bay.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rivers of the West Coast, New Zealand
Westland District
Rivers of New Zealand |
26718779 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potamogeton%20richardsonii | Potamogeton richardsonii | Potamogeton richardsonii is a species of aquatic plant known by the common name Richardson's pondweed. It is native to much of northern North America, including all of Canada and the northern and western United States. It grows in water bodies such as ponds, lakes, ditches, and streams. This perennial herb grows a narrow, mostly unbranched stem from a mat of rhizomes in the substrate. It reaches about a meter in maximum length. The leaves are up to 13 centimeters long and about 3 wide with crinkly pointed or rounded tips. The inflorescence is a spike of flowers arising from the water surface on a peduncle.
References
External links
Jepson Manual Treatment
Washington Burke Museum
richardsonii |
26718811 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixfold%20Expanse%20of%20Samantabhadra | Sixfold Expanse of Samantabhadra | The Sixfold Expanse of Samantabhadra () is one of the Seventeen tantras of Dzogchen Upadesha.
Primary resources
kun tu bzang po klong drug pa'i rgyud @ Wikisource in Wylie
ཀུན་ཏུ་བཟང་པོ་ཀློང་དྲུག་པའི་རྒྱུད @ Wikisource in Uchen (Tibetan Script), Unicode
Notes
Dzogchen texts
Nyingma tantras |
23579154 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manawapou%20River | Manawapou River | The Manawapou River is a river of the Taranaki Region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows southwest, from its origins in rough hill country to the northeast of Hāwera, to reach the South Taranaki Bight between Hāwera and Patea.
Geology
The river rises on a sandy mid-Pliocene Tangahoe Mudstone, formed in a shallow sea, then its valley is cut down to early-Pliocene Whenuakura Group rocks (bioclastic limestone, pebbly and micaceous sandstones and massive siltstone), whilst the surrounding land is covered by mid-Pleistocene beach deposits of conglomerate, sand, peat and clay.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
South Taranaki District
Rivers of Taranaki
Rivers of New Zealand |
6908540 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort%20Ward%20%28Virginia%29 | Fort Ward (Virginia) | Fort Ward is a former Union Army installation now located in the city of Alexandria in the U.S. state of Virginia. It was the fifth largest fort built to defend Washington, D.C. in the American Civil War. It is currently well-preserved with 90-95% of its earthen walls intact.
Occupation of Arlington
Before the outbreak of the Civil War, Alexandria County, the closest part of Virginia to Washington, D.C., was a predominantly rural area. Originally part of the District of Columbia, the land now comprising the county was retroceded to Virginia in a July 9, 1846 act of Congress that took effect in 1847. Most of the county is hilly, and at the time, most of the county's population was concentrated in the city of Alexandria, at the far southeastern corner of the county. In 1861, the rest of the county largely consisted of scattered farms, the occasional house, fields for grazing livestock, and Arlington House, owned by Mary Custis, wife of Robert E. Lee.
Following the surrender of Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina, on April 14, 1861, new American president Abraham Lincoln declared that "an insurrection existed," and called for 75,000 troops to be called up to quash the rebellion. The move sparked resentment in many other southern states, which promptly moved to convene discussions of secession. The Virginia State Convention passed "an ordinance of secession" and ordered a May 23 referendum to decide whether or not the state should secede from the Union. The U.S. Army responded by creating the Department of Washington, which united all Union troops in the District of Columbia and Maryland under one command.
Brigadier General J.F.K. Mansfield, commander of the Department of Washington, argued that Northern Virginia should be occupied as soon as possible in order to prevent the possibility of the Confederate Army mounting artillery on the hills of Arlington and shelling government buildings in Washington. He also urged the erection of fortifications on the Virginia side of the Potomac River to protect the southern terminuses of the Chain Bridge, Long Bridge, and Aqueduct Bridge. His superiors approved these recommendations, but decided to wait until after Virginia voted for or against secession.
On May 23, 1861, Virginia voted by a margin of 3 to 1 in favor of leaving the Union. That night, U.S. Army troops began crossing the bridges linking Washington, D.C. to Virginia. The march, which began at 10 p.m. on the night of the 23rd, was described in colorful terms by the New York Herald two days later:
There can be no more complaints of inactivity of the government. The forward march movement into Virginia, indicated in my despatches last night, took place at the precise time this morning that I named, but in much more imposing and powerful numbers.
About ten o'clock last night four companies of picked men moved over the Long Bridge, as an advance guard. They were sent to reconnoitre, and if assailed were ordered to signal, when they would have been reinforced by a corps of regular infantry and a battery....
At twelve o'clock the infantry regiment, artillery and cavalry corps began to muster and assume marching order. As fast as the several regiments were ready they proceeded to the Long Bridge, those in Washington being directed to take that route.
The troops quartered at Georgetown, the Sixty-ninth, Fifth, Eighth and Twenty-eighth New York regiments, proceeded across what is known as the chain bridge, above the mouth of the Potomac Aqueduct, under the command of General McDowell. They took possession of the heights in that direction.
The imposing scene was at the Long Bridge, where the main body of the troops crossed. Eight thousand infantry, two regular cavalry companies and two sections of Sherman's artillery battalion, consisting of two batteries, were in line this side of the Long Bridge at two o'clock.
The occupation of Northern Virginia was peaceful, with the sole exception of the town of Alexandria. There, as Colonel Elmer E. Ellsworth, commander of the New York Fire Zouaves (11th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment), entered a local hotel to remove the Confederate flag flying above it, he was shot and killed by James W. Jackson, the proprietor. Ellsworth was one of the first men killed in the American Civil War. Jackson was then killed by invading Federal soldiers of the 11th New York. Throughout the remainder of the war, Alexandria would lean strongly towards the Confederate government, necessitating continued occupation by a Union garrison.
Battle of Bull Run
Over the seven weeks that followed the occupation of northern Virginia, forts were constructed along the banks of the Potomac River and at the approaches to each of the three major bridges (Chain Bridge, Long Bridge, and Aqueduct Bridge) connecting Virginia to Washington and Georgetown.
While the Potomac River forts were being built, planning and surveying was ordered for an enormous new ring of forts to protect the city. Unlike the fortifications under construction, the new forts would defend the city in all directions, not just the most direct route through Arlington. In mid-July, this work was interrupted by the First Battle of Bull Run. As the Army of Northeastern Virginia marched south to Manassas, the soldiers previously assigned to construction duties marched instead to battle. In the days that followed the Union defeat at Bull Run, panicked efforts were made to defend Washington from what was perceived as an imminent Confederate attack. The makeshift trenches and earthworks that resulted were largely confined to Arlington and the direct approaches to Washington.
On July 26, 1861, five days after the battle, Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan was named commander of the military district of Washington and the subsequently renamed Army of the Potomac. Upon arriving in Washington, McClellan was appalled by the condition of the city's defenses.
In no quarter were the dispositions for defense such as to offer a vigorous resistance to a respectable body of the enemy, either in the position and numbers of the troops or the number and character of the defensive works... not a single defensive work had been commenced on the Maryland side. There was nothing to prevent the enemy shelling the city from heights within easy range, which could be occupied by a hostile column almost without resistance.
To remedy the situation, one of McClellan's first orders upon taking command was to greatly expand the defenses of Washington. At all points of the compass, forts and entrenchments would be constructed in sufficient strength to defeat any attack. Alexandria, which contained the southern terminus of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal and one of the largest ports in the Chesapeake Bay, was an object of "anxious study."
Planning and construction
It was named for US Navy Commander James H. Ward, killed at Mathias Point. It was designed with a perimeter of 540 yards and platforms for 24 guns. Later, a 100-pound Parrott gun was added. The larger guns made the fort vulnerable if besieged. In 1863, the perimeter was expanded to 818 yards with room for 36 guns.
Gen. John Newton, who was in charge of the forts south of Four Mile Run, supervised the construction and managed the flow of men and material.
Liberated slaves, also known as "contrabands", helped build the defenses to protect Washington from invasion by Confederate forces during the Civil War. The Fort was named for the first Union naval officer to die in the war. Fort Ward never saw any attacks, and was dismantled in November 1865, though many African- Americans continued to live there into the 1900s.
Fort Ward Museum
The fort is now a part of the City of Alexandria's Fort Ward Museum and Historic Site adjacent to Braddock Road, and the museum offers rotating exhibits on American Civil War subjects and a Civil War library. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and hosts Civil War and Revolutionary War reenactments. The historic area now includes a museum, an Officer's Hut, Ceremonial Gate, and reconstructed northwest bastion. The site can be found at 4301 West Braddock Road in Alexandria, Virginia.
References
External links
Fort Ward Museum and Historic Site website
Revolutionary War reenactors at Fort Ward
Information on the Fort Ward Museum and Historic Site from Virginia African Heritage Program
Civil War defenses of Washington, D.C.
Ward
Virginia in the American Civil War
National Register of Historic Places in Alexandria, Virginia
Museums in Alexandria, Virginia
Parks in Alexandria, Virginia
American Civil War museums in Virginia
Ward
1861 establishments in Virginia
American Civil War on the National Register of Historic Places |
26718856 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustion%20Integrated%20Rack | Combustion Integrated Rack | The Combustion Integrated Rack (CIR) is an experiment facility installed in the International Space Station (ISS). It includes an optics bench, combustion chamber, fuel and oxidizer control, and five different cameras for performing combustion experiments in microgravity.
The Fluids and Combustion Facility (FCF) accommodates the unique challenges of working with fluids and combustion processes in microgravity and provides services and capabilities comparable to those found in traditional Earth-based laboratories. The FCF occupies two powered racks on the ISS: the Combustion Integrated Rack (CIR) and the Fluids Integrated Rack (FIR). The FCF is a permanent modular, multi-user facility that accommodates microgravity science experiments on board the ISS. The FCF supports sustained, systematic research in the disciplines of fluid physics and combustion science.
The CIR is used to perform combustion experiments in microgravity. The CIR can be reconfigured easily on orbit to accommodate a variety of combustion experiments. It consists of an optics bench, a combustion chamber, a fuel and oxidizer management system, environmental management systems, and interfaces for science diagnostics and experiment specific equipment. For diagnostic purposes, five different cameras are available for use by the investigator. The CIR features a 100-litre combustion chamber surrounded by optical equipment and diagnostic packages, including a gas chromatograph. Experiments are conducted by remote control from the Glenn Research Center (GRC) Telescience Support Center (TSC).
The CIR has been designed for use with the Passive Rack Isolation System (PaRIS), which connects the rack to the ISS structure using eight spring-damper isolators and a special set of umbilicals. Modelling and analysis show that the PaRIS can attenuate much of the U.S. Laboratory's vibration and provide a much quieter environment than a simple hard-mounted rack. The CIR is the only combustion research facility on board the ISS.
Facility Operations
The Combustion Integrated Rack (CIR) chamber can operate at low (0.02 atm) or high (up to 3 atm) atmospheric pressures. Tools are not required to open the chamber or change or service the eight windows on the chamber. Gases are delivered through the bottles on the front of the rack. The exhaust package features a filter that can recycle the gas used or convert it to an expellable gas. The CIR can be used to explore droplet, solid fuel, and gaseous fuel combustion.
See also
Scientific research on the ISS
Gallery
References
External links
The FCF Combustion Integrated Rack: Microgravity Combustion Science Onboard [sic] the International Space Station - NASA
The Fluids and Combustion Facility: Enabling the Exploration of Space - NASA
ISS Fluids and Combustion Facility - ISS Research Program - NASA, Glenn
Science facilities on the International Space Station
Destiny (ISS module) |
23579155 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangaaruhe%20River | Mangaaruhe River | The Mangaaruhe River is a river of the Gisborne Region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows southeast from the Ngamoko Range southwest of Lake Waikaremoana, flowing into the Wairoa River eight kilometres north of Frasertown.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rivers of the Gisborne District
Rivers of New Zealand |
23579156 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangahauini%20River | Mangahauini River | The Mangahauini River is a river of the Gisborne Region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows generally south from its origins southwest of Te Puia Springs, reaching the Pacific Ocean close to the settlement of Tokomaru Bay.
Major floods occurred in 1916, 1924, 1950, 1963 and the 2022 flood washed away part of the State Highway 35 bridge at Tokomaru Bay, which was last rebuilt in 1966. The new bridge is downstream from its predecessor. The main road runs through the valley for several kilometres, crossing the river three times.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rivers of the Gisborne District
Rivers of New Zealand |
23579157 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fussa%20Station | Fussa Station | is a passenger railway station located in the city of Fussa, Tokyo, Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East).
Lines
Fussa Station is served by the Ōme Line, and is located 9.6 kilometers from the starting point of the line at Tachikawa Station.
Station layout
This station consists of a single island platform serving two tracks.The station is staffed.
Platforms
History
The station opened on 19 November 1894. With the privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR) on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR East.
Passenger statistics
In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 16,017 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).
The passenger figures for previous years are as shown below.
Surrounding area
Fussa City Hall
Yokota Air Base
Seiyu Mall
See also
List of railway stations in Japan
References
External links
JR East station information
Railway stations in Tokyo
Railway stations in Japan opened in 1894
Fussa, Tokyo
Ōme Line |
23579158 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangaheia%20River | Mangaheia River | The Mangaheia River is a river of the Gisborne Region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows southeast from its origins in rough hill country inland from Tolaga Bay, joining with the Uawa River close to its outflow into the bay.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rivers of the Gisborne District
Rivers of New Zealand |
23579160 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangakahia%20River | Mangakahia River | The Mangakahia River is a river of the Northland Region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows east from its sources in the Mataraua Forest, turning southeastward after about on joining with the small Awarua River. It is joined by the Opouteke River near Pakotai, then turns east, until it is joined by the Hikurangi River. It then turns south again, passing Titoki and then joining with the Wairua River to form the Wairoa River approximately halfway between Whangarei and Dargaville.
The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "stream of the New Zealand passionfruit vine" for Mangakāhia.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
External links
Rivers of the Northland Region
Rivers of New Zealand
Kaipara Harbour watersheds |
23579161 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangakarengorengo%20River | Mangakarengorengo River | The Mangakarengorengo River is a river of the Bay of Plenty Region of New Zealand. It is a tributary of the Wairoa River.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rivers of the Bay of Plenty Region
Rivers of New Zealand |
23579162 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew%20A.%20Michta | Andrew A. Michta | Andrew Alexander Michta (born April 4, 1956) is an American political scientist and Dean of the College of International and Security Studies at the George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies in Germany. Previously he was Professor of National Security Affairs at the US Naval War College. He was also an affiliate of the Minda de Gunzburg Center for European Studies, an Adjunct Fellow at the Center for Strategic and International Studies – Europe Program in Washington, DC, and an adjunct political scientist at the RAND Corporation.
Biography
Andrew Michta was born in Poland, the son of Józef and Adela (Stokowiec) Michta.
He holds a Ph.D. in International Relations from the School of Advanced International Studies at the Johns Hopkins University (1987). From 1988–2015 he was the M.W. Buckman Distinguished Professor of International Studies at Rhodes College, a predominantly undergraduate college in Memphis, Tennessee. There he received the Clarence Day Dean's Award for Outstanding Research. He was on leave from 2005 to 09 and from 2011 to 13. In 2015 he left Rhodes and went to teach in the JPME system at the US Naval War College graduate program.
While on leave From Rhodes, from May 2011–13 he was the Senior Transatlantic Fellow and the founding Director of the Warsaw branch office of the German Marshall Fund of the United States. From 2005–09, he was Professor of National Security Studies and Director of Studies of the Senior Executive Seminar at the George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies in Germany. He was a Visiting Scholar at the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace at Stanford University and a Research Associate at the Institute for European, Russian and Eurasian Studies at George Washington University. From 2000–2001 he was at the Woodrow Wilson Center in Washington, D.C. (2000–2001).
He is a member of the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London. He is a Contributing Editor to 1945, an online national security website. He served on the Advisory Council of the Center for European Policy Analysis in Washington, D.C. and has served on the AAASS Board of Directors (2001–2004). He was Senior Fellow at the Center for European Policy Analysis from 2013–14. The BBC characterized him as "a well-known expert on security issues." He speaks several languages, including English, French, German, Polish, and Russian.
Views
Michta has argued that the United States and NATO missed opportunities after the September 11, 2001 attack to revitalize the NATO alliance. Specifically, he argues that NATO should have taken the lead in Afghanistan.
Michta has explored the implications of NATO's institutional effort to use its enlargement process as a means to advance civil-military reform in Eastern Europe. Michta argues that NATO's requirement that all new members must meet specific goals of democratic civilian control over its military was especially successful in reforming Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic. He concludes that these three new NATO members have made dramatic efforts to depoliticize their military, in contrast to the political control during the communist era. Thereby the democratic forces in these countries have been strengthened.
Michta has written a number of editorials from a standpoint sympathetic to or aligned with right wing populism. This includes work critical of cancel culture as well as work attributing left-wing civil unrest in the United States to ideas passed down by political elites "unmoored from the fundamentals of this nation’s founding and its traditional commitment to building a decent society." Michta has also been critical of what he perceives as an open immigration policy in the EU, arguing that the rise of neo-nationalism in Europe since 2015 exists as a popular "anti-establishment rebellion" against politicians' refusal to significantly restrict the intake of migrants and refugees.
Works
The Limits of Alliance: The United States, NATO and the EU in North and Central Europe. Rowman & Littlefield (2006).
The Soldier-Citizen
Polish Foreign Policy Reconsidered
East Central Europe after the Warsaw Pact
The Government and Politics of Postcommunist Europe
America's New Allies: Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic in NATO
References
External links
Book review of The Limits of Alliance in the journal Association for Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies, Vol. 66, No. 2, Summer, 2007.
1956 births
Living people
American political scientists
Johns Hopkins University alumni
George Washington University faculty |
23579163 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangakuri%20River | Mangakuri River | The Mangakuri River is a river of the Hawke's Bay region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows north, paralleling the Pacific Ocean coast before veering northeast to reach the sea at Kairakau Beach, south of Cape Kidnappers.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rivers of the Hawke's Bay Region
Rivers of New Zealand |
23579164 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangamaire%20River | Mangamaire River | The Mangamaire River is a river of the centre of New Zealand's North Island. One of the headwaters of the Rangitikei River system, it flows generally southwest from its origins southeast of Lake Taupo, forming part of the border of the Kaimanawa Forest Park for much of its length. It meets the young Rangitikei in hill country east of Mount Ruapehu.
The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "maire stream" for Mangamaire.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rivers of Manawatū-Whanganui
Rivers of New Zealand |
44505883 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main%20Roads%20Building | Main Roads Building | The Main Roads Building is a heritage-listed office building at 477 Boundary Street, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Karl Langer and built in 1967 by Cyril Porter Hornick. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 13 June 2014.
History
The former Main Roads Department Building was built in 1967 to accommodate, consolidate, and modernise the department during a period of extensive expansion and upgrade of Queensland's road network. It housed the department until 2012. Designed by important Modernist architect, Dr Karl Langer, the substantial office building is an excellent, intact illustration of his commercial work and is a good representative example of a mid-twentieth century highrise.
In the early 1960s the Main Roads Department (MRD) faced a major task in modernising Queensland's road network. Prior to this, the department saw itself only as a rural roads authority responsible for the provision and maintenance of main roads connecting Queensland settlements. The decentralised nature of Queensland, with its scattered population and small tax base for local governments, was not conducive to systematic road building, and until the mid-twentieth century railways dominated long-distance transport. Although the Queensland Government was responsible for main roads and roads on Crown Lands open for selection, elsewhere local authorities had to finance their own roads; or where there were no local authorities, local landholders could form road trusts and receive government grants. Queensland's road system developed in a piecemeal fashion until 1920 and even after it remained a secondary government spending priority to railways, which spread rapidly in the early twentieth century to service agricultural areas.
Although railways were the priority, the rise of the motor car increased the need for an expanded and improved road network. The Queensland Main Roads Act 1920 provided for responsibility for roads and bridges to be shared between state and local authorities. The mission of the Main Roads Board, formed by this Act, was to develop a cohesive network of "main roads" partly funded by the state. Local authorities would fund half the cost, and would be the construction and maintenance authorities where possible. The priority for road construction was to join towns not linked by railways; to link farming areas to existing railways; and to build developmental roads to open Crown Lands for closer settlement.
The interwar period saw a massive increase in car registrations and the revision of the Main Roads Act. By mid-1923 nearly 17,000 cars were registered in Queensland (rising to nearly 92,000 by 1934). As more people took to the car, the need for serviceable roads for motor vehicles became apparent. The Main Roads Acts Amendment Act 1925 abolished the Main Roads Board and formed the Main Roads Commission (MRC), and the board was replaced by John Robert Kemp (formerly the Board's Chairman) as the Commissioner.
World War II (WWII) also stimulated road building efforts. During the war the MRC carried out a wide range of defence works, mostly for, and under the direction of, the Allied Works Council (AWC). Although the MRC increased its equipment during the war years, after WWII it faced resource shortages and a continued rise in car ownership, plus demands to seal more of the state's roads with bitumen.
After WWII, roads increasingly competed directly with railways. Vehicle numbers rose from 129,126 in 1945 to over 282,594 by 1954. By 1960, Australia was second only to the United States in terms of car ownership per head of population. In 1951, the MRC became the MRD. The MRD was responsible for the planning, survey and construction of state highways and of main, developmental, secondary, mining access, farmers' roads, and tourist roads and tracks, as well as bridges and related works. The department was under an increasing work load, brought about by the "explosion" in vehicle ownership and Queensland's buoyant economic expansion.
The MRD's Annual Report of 1955 noted that "Queensland is passing out of the earlier phase of road construction ... just sufficient to keep traffic moving. The State has entered a second phase where construction must provide for the traffic of to-day and the traffic of to-morrow in such a way that roads and bridges will carry in safety bigger volumes of traffic, comprising vehicles which move much faster and carry much more heavier loads...".
The push for a new head office for the MRD started around 1955. In December that year the Main Roads Commissioner, AR Williams, wrote to the Minister for Transport, Jack Duggan, advising that at no stage the MRD ever had a building designed and constructed for them. Williams stated that the MRD did not have close contact with the public, apart from registration, and "Motor vehicle registration activities require that the location be ... away from the heavily trafficked streets". Other requirements included garaging for departmental vehicles and a full size basement for record storage.
Prior to the construction of their new building at Spring Hill, the MRD was accommodated in buildings "scattered throughout the city". The intention of the new building was to provide better working facilities and amenities for an increasing staff in an efficient and productive environment. The department was performing a major role with private industry and commerce in Queensland's development and the new building would reflect this. Not only would it be an impressive place for people to register their vehicles, it would be the co-ordinating centre for the planning, survey, design and construction work of the MRD.
The Queensland Government acquired 16 allotments, totalling almost one hectare, at the corner of Boundary and Fortescue Streets, Spring Hill, between 1959 and 1961. At the time this area comprised primarily older detached housing.
In June 1959 Leo John Michael Feenaghty, Secretary of the MRD, wrote to Brisbane-based, private architect and town planner Dr Karl Langer, confirming that the government had decided to retain him as the architect for the new head office building. Langer's earliest designs for the MRD's "New Head Office Building" date to late 1959 with at least eight further iterations between 1959 and 1963. Early designs were discussed with the Acting Government Architect, Edward James Archibald Weller, at the Department of Public Works Architectural Branch in September 1959. Although generally satisfied, Weller was concerned that the building would "include some features that will set a precedent and to that extent will have an effect upon provision in Government Buildings generally".
Born in Vienna in 1903, Langer had studied at the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts and in 1928 he was employed by pioneer German Modernist designer Peter Behrens to run his Vienna office. In 1933 Langer was awarded a Doctor of Philosophy for his thesis "Origins and Development of Concrete Construction". In 1939 Langer immigrated to Australia with his wife, (Dr) Gertrude Langer, bringing direct experience of the European Modern Movement to Queensland. He gained temporary employment with architects Cook and Kerrison in Brisbane and from 1940 Langer lectured part-time in architecture and architectural design at The University of Queensland, publishing Sub-Tropical Housing in 1944. This booklet explored issues related to modern house design and town planning in a sub-tropical climate and influenced many Australian architects working in the post-WWII era.
Modernist architecture developed in pre-World War I Europe and gained popularity in Australia post-WWII. It is notable for a rationalisation of planning, emphasising clarity and simplicity of form and detailing. American and Scandinavian influences were strong in the style's employment in Australia.
From 1945 Langer was employed as an assistant town planner in the Brisbane City Council and also was commissioned to work on a range of town planning projects for Darwin, Ingham, Toowoomba, Yeppoon, Kingaroy, Mount Isa, and Mackay, and for the National Capital Development Commission, Canberra. Concurrently, he completed a wide variety of architectural projects including small, economical domestic work and large commercial and institutional work.
Influenced by classical Greek and contemporary Modernist architecture, Langer developed a sophisticated hybrid of classical and modern design principles. With his civic designs, Langer explored the idea of the conjunction of landmark and landscape and his designs typically incorporated a harmonious setting for the architecture. Inspired by Queensland's flora, fauna and climate, his designs worked with the context in complementary ways and his work on climatic design in architecture has been called "pioneering". Fundamental to his designs, he sited buildings and outdoor spaces for optimum orientation, ensured interiors had high levels of natural daylighting and ventilation, and incorporated gardens of Australian plants for the occupation and enjoyment of the users. His designs were typified by modern, highly functional spaces that were fit for purpose, yet, had a degree of flexibility of use. Langer set new standards for design in Queensland.
The work of the MRD was a major influence on the shaping and development of Queensland settlements, especially Brisbane, and also on the increasing prosperity of the state during the second half of the twentieth century. In January 1960 (Sir) Charles Barton was appointed Commissioner of Main Roads. Barton made a major push to modernise the existing road network into an extensive metropolitan highway and intercity freeway network and to improve the efficiency and responsiveness of the department. Based on studies by leading transport specialists following American precedents, the department drafted and implemented long-term programs of road upgrades and freeway construction. These programs expanded and the department grew to become a primary division of the Queensland Government with considerable authority.
On 1 July 1963 the first Road Plan of Queensland, a 20-year plan to build and upgrade roads to ensure no town was too far from a declared main road, encouraging social and economic development of rural areas, came into effect. The plan was visionary and required a well-organised and highly functional department.
Further road planning was facilitated by Queensland Government transport studies for major centres in the 1960s and early 1970s. The Brisbane Transportation Study, jointly commissioned in 1964 by the MRD and the Brisbane City Council, and undertaken by American transport planners Wilbur Smith and Associates, recommended a series of freeways, expressways and bridges, although only some of these were built. Under Barton, the MRD was also reshaped. Through operational and attitudinal changes he introduced a "private sector" business mode to achieve efficiency. He also increased decentralisation, appointing an Assistant Commissioner and Divisional Engineer each at Townsville, Rockhampton and Brisbane, and a Divisional Engineer at Toowoomba.
Site preparation for the new MRD head office at Spring Hill began on 15 July 1963. Approximately 15,300 cubic metres of earth was excavated and a reinforced concrete retaining wall up to nine metres high was built around three sides of the excavation to create a level platform on the sloping site. The government decided that Brisbane architect Colin Tesch would be responsible for construction documentation and administration of the contract. In June 1964 Queensland's State Government Insurance Office (SGIO) agreed to purchase the land from the MRD, pay for construction, and then lease the building back to the MRD for a 40-year term.
CP Hornick & Son Pty Ltd, the largest privately owned construction company in Queensland at the time, constructed the building. To deal with the MRD's ongoing accommodation shortage during construction of its new head office, a nearby partially erected building on Dickens Street was purchased and completed to MRD requirements, for occupation in late 1965.
Construction of the new head office commenced in July 1965. By this time the number of vehicles registered in Queensland had risen from 363,878 in 1958, to 541,198 in 1965. To deal with this rise in vehicle registrations, the counter section of the new head office was designed to have ten times more public space than the old Albert Street office.
Langer's design for the MRD building, the largest of his career, expressed his architectural principles. He described it as being a "sculptural" landmark. Others described at the time as vast and imposing. Yet, he employed techniques so that it would "fit" within its context, including stepping the building back from its boundaries so that it would not cast shadow onto the adjacent allotments and not overwhelm them with its scale, an extensive landscaping treatment around the building, and a 'delightful' screen of custom-designed breeze blocks facing Wedd Street to conceal the basement car park.
The building included an expansive public forecourt on Boundary Street, a typical characteristic of Langer's work. Approximately wide by long, it included lawns, gardens with Australian plants, and a large pond with fountain jets to cool the surrounding air. Langer envisioned the forecourt as an important public space for visitors to Spring Hill and to the building.
A recurrent inclusion in Langer's works, the building featured a modern allusion to a classical, grand colonnade at the primary entrance. Across the width of the ground floor and encompassing the ground and first floors, the rhythmic verticals and lintel of the concrete structural frame was expressed, smooth finished and painted white, contrasting with the dark glazing adjacent.
The building's structure and materials were modern, rational, and "honest", consistent with Langer's principles. The structure comprised a grid of concrete columns supporting concrete floor slabs, freeing the floor plan from loadbearing partitions, which maximised the flexibility of interior layouts. The vertical circulation, toilets and shower rooms, tea rooms, and other shared facilities were grouped in a central core. In this way, the floor plan was sensible and efficient and was repeated up the building. Principal materials were self-finishing, expressing their inherent character and beauty, with a noticeable use of Queensland-sourced materials for a "natural", decorative effect. Where practical, Langer eliminated suspended ceilings from the design.
Langer typically exploited passive lighting and ventilation in intelligent and uncomplicated ways and for the MRD building he included simple methods to achieve this. Parallel to the street, the long, narrow plan form (approximately ) was oriented with its long sides facing north-east and south-west. These elevations were highly glazed, comprising a grid of large, double-glazed, operable windows. A critical requirement for the drafting work of the department, this created interiors that were naturally well lit and well insulated, and allowed passive ventilation. The glazing was sheltered by a projecting "egg-crate" of concrete. The northern side had a deeper projection to block direct sun, reducing heat gain and glare. The west and east elevations were predominantly windowless to occlude the harsh, low sun and were built of concrete to provide a thermal mass quality. In contrast, the photographic and computational spaces that required highly controlled light and ventilation conditions were located in the basement levels, which had deep floor plans and limited fenestration.
An upturn in the city's economy and a modernising of the building codes that included a removal of building height limits in 1964 saw a considerable increase in the construction of highrise office buildings in Brisbane. Between 1950 and 1965 few office highrise buildings were constructed in Brisbane. These included: Mutual Life & Citizens (MLC) Insurance Building (1955); Friendly Society Building (1957), and the Taxation Building (1961). However, by the middle of 1964, 20 highrise office buildings were in the course of construction in the Brisbane CBD. The number of buildings constructed between 1965 and the end of 1970 far exceeded the previous 15 years. These included: Pearl Assurance Building, Eagle Towers, and Commonwealth Savings Bank Building (1966); Manufacturers Mutual Insurance (MMI) Building, and Main Roads Department Building (1967); Temperance & General (T&G) Insurance Building (1969), and; Westpac Bank Building, and Mount Isa Mines (MIM) Building (1970).
Highrise office buildings designed and constructed between and are a specific type of architecture that evolved under particular circumstances. The type clearly represents the excitement, prosperity, and vision of Australia and indicates the economic rationalism and progress in the period. Indicating their status, they were often ceremoniously opened by important dignitaries. In cities nationally and internationally, Modernist architects were unencumbered by traditions when designing this new type, challenging aesthetic and symbolic values, and the provision of public and private amenity. Their impact was unprecedented and it was not until critical analysis of tall buildings in the late 1960s that the approach to highrise development changed. Designed in a time when Australia was little concerned about the ethics of energy consumption, typical highrises exploited this abundance. Orientation and shading was generally dismissed and windows were inoperable, relying on mechanical air-conditioning. Floor plates were vast, relying on artificial light. However, some architects designed intelligent buildings that were connected to the traditions of architecture and were better attuned to their environment. Sophisticated in its design, Langer's MRD Building is representative of the better designs in Queensland of the period.
The principal characteristics of highrise office buildings designed and constructed in the 1950s and 1960s are: remarkable height to footprint ratio; an expressive and all-encompassing Modernist aesthetic; reinforced concrete construction; a "glamorous" treatment of the ground floor/primary entry; an urban, public space used as setting for the building; rationalisation and repetition of the floor plan; and integration of state-of-the-art office technology and staff facilities.
The new head office for the Main Roads Department possessed these principal characteristics. The tall building comprised three large basement levels, a generously proportioned ground level with a mezzanine, a tower of nine levels, and a roof-level caretaker's flat. The building had a huge gross floor area of 33,000 square metres and upon completion was the largest reinforced concrete office building in Queensland. The principal public function of the building, vehicle registration, occupied the ground and mezzanine floors within impressive, robust, and dramatic spaces. The double-height main reception area was well-lit through "immense" glazing onto the forecourt and featured striking marble, timber, and terrazzo surfaces. Artworks commissioned for the building were prominently displayed. Designed as a showplace for the Queensland Government, the building and grounds were floodlit at night.
As well as occupying pre-existing buildings, the Queensland Government constructed purpose-built buildings to accommodate its administration and departmental offices in Brisbane. These buildings were reflective of the circumstances of the government and illustrate its operations over time.
The Main Roads Department building was purpose-designed, accommodating the Main Roads Department's diverse uses in repetitive and rationalised floor plates. Although offices and administration areas comprised the majority, the building also included: basement car parking; food facilities for the staff - a large cafeteria with kitchen, kiosk for snacks, and lunch room; staff training facilities - a large, double-height auditorium with the latest projection equipment; a technical and recreation library; a room for displaying models of major Main Roads projects, and; a large air-conditioning plant and a caretaker's flat. The building was designed to incorporate modern office technology. The department's technical and commercial electronic data processing divisions were accommodated in the basement, including their state of the art computer, the largest in Queensland at the time. The computer was serviced by a special, independent air-conditioning system, designed to keep the computer room at a constant temperature and humidity, with the heat generated by the computer absorbed by the ornamental ponds at the front of the building. A system of vacuum message tubes connected all sections of the building and there were telephones and a master clock system, CCTV, a teleprinter system, a Xerox machine, and a dumbwaiter for the movement of files between floors.
The building was completed in August 1967. In September the MRD moved more than 1250 personnel, from eight offices, into its new $4.5 million head office. The building was officially opened on 6 November 1967 by Frank Nicklin, Premier of Queensland, who stated that "this new building, with its modern appointments, the latest business equipment - including a computer - research and design facilities, will greatly enhance the department's work and its world-class reputation".
The new head office was commended at the time. It featured in the 7 September 1967 edition of The Queensland Master Builder, which detailed the building's construction techniques and highlighted its modern technology. According to the MRD's magazine Queensland Roads, there were hopes "that the construction of this building with its landscaped gardens and surroundings in the old Spring Hill area of Brisbane, [would] provide an incentive for other businesses and developers to follow the example of the Main Roads Department". Commissioner Barton viewed the MRD as "a giant consulting engineers and construction organisation", and stated "why should a department like Main Roads be any different from private business ... [W]e hope that when our officers are dealing with people they will get the idea that we are here to do business just as efficiently and effectively as anybody else in the community". The Courier-Mail added that "the building design, layout of office space and staff facilities, gives the Main Roads Department an air of big business, not the traditional Government department organisation", while the Mines and Main Roads Minister, Ronald Ernest Camm, claimed that the new building "would be one of the most effective ways of organising Main Roads personnel and facilities for a bolder attack on the problems of the future".
The new "luxury" head office was only part of the MRD's building program. By the end of the 1960s the department had also constructed new buildings to accommodate its new regional offices in Rockhampton, Cloncurry, Barcaldine, Toowoomba, Mackay, and Warwick, which had responsibility over their local main roads.
In the artwork Communications by important Queensland sculptor, Leonard Shillam, was installed at the MRD building in Spring Hill. It was commissioned for the building in 1968, made in cast aluminium over painted concrete, and depicted a bas relief map with a rural area and urban area connected by a road.
Langer died in 1969. As an architect and town planner, he had a pronounced impact upon the built environment of Australia, especially in Queensland. Having a deep belief in community responsibilities, particularly in cultural matters, he had been active in the Royal Australian Institute of Architects; first president (1952) of the Queensland division of the Royal Australian Planning Institute; a founder and chairman (1966–68) of the Queensland Association of Landscape Architects; and a member (1963–69) of the National Trust of Queensland. Important examples of his architectural work include the Langer residence at St Lucia (1950); Mackay Sugar Research Institute (1953); Lennon's Hotel Broadbeach (1957, demolished) and Lennon's Hotel Toowoomba (1957); St John's Lutheran Church, Bundaberg (1960); Kingaroy Town Hall and Civic Square (1963); Assembly Hall at Ipswich Girls' Grammar School (1964); and St Peter's Lutheran College Chapel, Indooroopilly (1968). He was responsible for notable urban ideas of the 1950s and 1960s, including choosing the sites of the Sydney Opera House and the Australian Parliament House; the pedestrian shopping mall in Queen Street, Brisbane; and the first canal development of the Gold Coast. After his death, both The University of Queensland and The Queensland Institute (later University) of Technology with the Australian Institute of Landscape Architects established annual student prizes in memoriam. His body of work is a clearly distinguishable exploration of a sub-tropical modernism and is important in the evolution of Queensland architecture, with Langer described as "arguably the most influential architect of the 1950s".
From the head office, the MRD administered its important work. Motor vehicle ownership continued to rise and the highway network in Queensland was expanded substantially in the 1970s and 1980s. In the 1990s and 2000s the department's work became more sophisticated to cope with increased traffic. By the end of the 2010s the department was responsible for the state's largest built community asset - the Queensland state-controlled road network, worth over $46 billion and carrying more than 85% of the state's traffic. Examples of major main roads projects co-ordinated from the head office include: the Southeast Freeway (1972), the Beef Roads and Developmental Roads schemes of the 1970s, the Bald Hills to Burpengary Deviation of the Bruce Highway (1977) and many subsequent upgrades and extensions of the highway, the Gateway Arterial Road and Bridge (1986), and the Pacific Motorway (2000).
Over time the head office building was altered. In the fountain jets of the forecourt pond were altered to stacked boulder waterfalls. The building was also altered internally to accommodate different office fit-outs. In 2006 the forecourt of the building was remodelled to a design by architects, BAC Group to provide building code compliant pedestrian access to the front entrance. This work included replacement of the original awning with a modern, steel and glass awning, adding two concrete ramps to the entrance bridge, altering the forecourt gardens and ponds, and installing the sculpture The Red Cube at the front of the building.
While the building was being painted in 2007 it was identified approximately 6% of the render on the northern sun hoods needed repair. The hoods were investigated by structural engineers, no sign of structural distress was identified, and trial repairs of the render were undertaken in 2008.
In March 2009 the MRD merged with Queensland Transport to form the Department of Transport and Main Roads, which continued the control of the state's main roads. In 2012 the department vacated the MRD building.
The building was sold to Asian Pacific Group Pty Ltd in December 2013 for $22 million. After a three-year renovation, it opened on 16 September 2016 as The Johnson, a mixed-use property containing a signature Art Series boutique hotel, residential apartments, serviced offices, with rooftop pool and terrace, and adjoining restaurant, bar and café.
Description
The former Main Roads Department Building is a 15-storey, reinforced concrete office building in a Modernist style that stands on a prominent site on Boundary Road, Spring Hill, Brisbane. Totalling almost one hectare, the rectangular site is bounded by Boundary Street to the south, Fortescue Street to the east, and Wedd Street to the north. Small-scale commercial and residential development adjoins the western boundary. The sloping terrain is terraced into large, flat platforms by concrete retaining walls. As well as a landscaped garden setting, the building comprises: a front portico; tower; service core; rear podium; and rear carpark. The building structure is a reinforced concrete grid of concrete columns supporting concrete floor slabs.
The building retains design elements characteristic of the work of its architect, Dr Karl Langer, such as: employing a hybrid of subtle Classical allusions and Modernist architectural devices including a forecourt and stylised colonnade front; simplified forms, decoration and spatial arrangements; a restrained use of high-quality materials; and careful siting and manipulation of form to achieve optimum orientation for natural light and ventilation.
The garden forecourt is a flat public space fronting Boundary Street. The garden is laid out in sharp and dynamic lines of concrete, defining contrasting flat areas of mature trees, grass, paths and water to create a bold, abstract effect. A wide entrance path from the street bisects the garden, bridging across a pond and stepping up to the front portico entrance. The Red Cube, a large metal sculpture, stands on the path in front of a marble slab engraved to commemorate the opening of the building.
The western garden is terraced into level areas, retained by concrete walls and linked with concrete stairs. It retains the original abstract layout and also contains mature trees, shrubs, grassed areas and original concrete benches. The eastern garden is narrow and defined by a series of terraced boulder retaining beds and also retains original concrete benches.
The front portico is a rectangular block attached to the tower that, on approach, gives the impression of a grand colonnade across the width of a tall ground floor. This is formed by a rhythmic series of white, smooth-rendered, rectangular concrete columns topped by a low parapet. This is in-filled with large panels of dark aluminium-framed inoperable glazing. The main elevation is symmetrical except for the entrance doors, which are placed off-centre. The windowless side elevations (east and west) of the portico are pale yellow facebrick walls in stretcher bond. The portico has a concealed flat roof clad with metal rib and pan sheeting.
The tower is the major component of the building, comprising 14 levels (B3 to L10) and a rooftop plant room and caretaker's flat (L11). The tower is a tall, narrow, rectangular block with a concealed timber-framed hipped roof clad with metal pan and rib sheeting. It is oriented with its long sides (the front and rear) facing north and south. These elevations are highly glazed with an external grid of white-painted, concrete sun hoods forming a shading "egg crate". The hoods on the northern side project further than the south. The windows are large, double glazed aluminium framed casements and have spandrel panels inset with a chunky, white quartz aggregate. The window hardware has been removed from the sashes. The side (eastern and western) elevations are painted concrete, finely articulated with off-form-patterned panels. Largely windowless in comparison to the north and south, the eastern and western elevations have four columns of small, square aluminium-framed windows with opaque glass.
The service core projects from the rear (northern side) of the tower with walls of painted concrete with off-form-patterned panels. The core fenestration is minimal, contrasting with the ample glazing of the adjacent northern elevation of the tower. The east and west elevations of the core have long, narrow ribbons of windows with high sills, and the north elevation has a column of small windows with a high sill and a spandrel panel of quartz aggregate. On the roof of the service core and the tower is a large, facebrick plant room and air-conditioning machinery.
Abutting the northern side of the tower is the rectangular rear podium, which stretches the width of the building and comprises four levels (G, B1, B2, and B3) and a roof top deck (L1). The side elevations are pale yellow facebrick in stretcher bond with rhythmically placed square windows. The northern elevation has an egg crate of white-painted, concrete sun hoods sheltering large, aluminium-framed windows. The windows have spandrel panels featuring dark slates.
The rear carpark stands behind the rear podium, accessed from the lowest level of the building (B3) and from Wedd Street at the rear. It is one-storey with a flat, steel-framed roof clad with metal pan and rib sheeting, pierced by large, rhythmic openings to the sky. A decorative lattice wall of painted concrete breezeblocks lines the Wedd Street boundary, screening the car park. Internally, the former functions of the building are clearly defined, with public entry and reception in the front portico; offices in the tower; vertical circulation, toilets, and other shared facilities in the core; offices and a semi-enclosed carpark in the rear podium; and car parks and store rooms in the rear car park.
The public entry and double-height reception area are intact and feature black and white terrazzo floors, and marble-clad walls, columns, reception desk, planterbox and window sills. An original wall-mounted bronze artwork depicting the historical evolution of the wheel is retained in the entrance foyer. Within the front portico, L1 is a mezzanine level retaining original balustrades: iron near the southern glazing and battened timber above the reception area. Mounted on the end wall of the lift foyer facing the front entrance is Communications, a large artwork by Leonard Shillam.
The tower levels (L1 - L9) each comprise long, open floor plans with later lightweight partitions. Window sills are black terrazzo. Small services cores bookend each floor, on the east and west sides of the tower. These contain fire stairs, service risers, store rooms, and kitchenettes. Some levels retain original black bean veneer fire doors. The top level of the tower (L10) contains two large auditoriums. The larger of the two, named the Charles Barton Auditorium, is double-height and has a raised stage with a proscenium arch, velvet curtains, wings spaces either side, and a backstage area with changing rooms. Under the stage is a storage area accessed via original, battened timber doors. The auditoriums are serviced by a single projection room on a mezzanine between the rooms, accessed via a narrow timber stair.
On the roof of the tower is a caretaker's flat, accessed via a narrow concrete stair. It is a modest, timber-framed, three-bedroomed apartment, concealed behind the tower parapet and sheltered under the main roof. It has pale yellow facebrick walls and aluminium-framed windows with original hardware (sliding and double-hung sashes). The front door addresses a generous, north-facing, roofed patio area, paved with square concrete pavers. The layout of the flat is original; however, all ceiling linings have been removed. The kitchen, bathroom, and laundry fitouts are early and it retains early electric monitor boards used by the caretaker to supervise the building.
The service core contains service risers and shared facilities, including lifts, a fire stair, dumb waiter for office files, tearooms, and large toilet and shower rooms. The fire stair in the service core retains original finishes, including black and white terrazzo stair treads and risers, black-painted metal balustrades with black plastic handrails, textured stair undersides, and vinyl tile clad walls with contrasting inset floor numerals.
The rear podium levels (B3 - G) each comprise large, open floor plans with later lightweight partitions. Window sills are black terrazzo.
Early floodlights survive mounted to the exterior of the building.
Elements that are not of cultural heritage include: the building's ramps, awning, and doors at the main entrance portico; lightweight partitions and suspended ceilings throughout; kitchen and store room fitouts; and steel shelters of the garden and roof deck.
The former Main Roads Department Building stands prominently on a ridge of the folding terrain of Spring Hill. It is highly visible from the surrounding suburbs and has extensive views from the office spaces within. The gardens and open spaces are conspicuous within the immediate streetscape and contribute to the character of the area.
Heritage listing
The former Department of Main Roads Building was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 13 June 2014 having satisfied the following criteria.
The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history.
The former Main Roads Department Building (1967) is important in demonstrating the Queensland Government's response to the rise in mass motoring in the second half of the twentieth century. Purpose-built to consolidate and modernise the department's activities associated with expanding and upgrading the state's road network, it was the largest reinforced concrete office building in Queensland at the time of its construction, illustrating the importance of Main Roads operations and contribution to the state's economic advancement.
The place is also important in demonstrating the evolution of Queensland architecture as a good, intact example of a substantial, architect-designed building in a Modernist style adapted to suit local conditions.
The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.
The place is a good, intact and representative example of the work of architect, Dr Karl Langer, and is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of his work. Most notably, it: displays a hybrid of subtle Classical allusions and Modernist architectural devices including a forecourt and stylised colonnade front; features characteristic simplified forms, decoration and spatial arrangements and a restrained use of high-quality materials; is sited and its form is manipulated for optimum orientation for natural light and ventilation of the interior, and; is designed to be fit for purpose. As the largest commission of his career, it is a rare illustration of Langer's principles applied on a large scale.
The place is a good, intact and representative example of a mid-twentieth century highrise office building in Queensland. It is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of this type, including: notable height to footprint ratio; expressive and all-encompassing Modernist aesthetic; reinforced concrete construction; refined treatment of the ground floor/primary entry; urban, public space used as setting for the building; rationalisation and repetition of the floor plan; and integration of state-of-the-art office technology and staff facilities.
The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.
Notable for its landmark attributes and expressive architectural qualities, the place is important for its aesthetic significance.
The former Main Roads Department Building is highly visible from the surrounding suburb and maintains an imposing streetscape presence. Modernist in style, the building's simplified sculptural form is distinguished through a variety of treatments, including off-form textured concrete, stone spandrel panels, facebrick, egg-crate screening and breeze blocks. The abstract, graphic layout of the forecourt and side gardens, including pond and entrance bridge, and; the use of high-quality Queensland materials and artworks in the public reception areas complete the design.
The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland's history.
Designed to accommodate the department and to express its work, the place has a strong and special association with the Main Roads Department, which had a crucial influence on the economic and social development of Queensland during the twentieth century. It served as the head office for the department for 45 years.
References
Attribution
External links
Queensland Heritage Register
Spring Hill, Queensland
Articles incorporating text from the Queensland Heritage Register
Karl Langer buildings
Office buildings in Brisbane
Government buildings completed in 1967 |
23579166 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamura%20Station | Hamura Station | is a passenger railway station located in the city of Hamura, Tokyo, Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East).
Lines
Hamura Station is served by the Ōme Line, and is located 11.7 kilometers from the starting point of the line at Tachikawa Station.
Station layout
This station has a single ground-level island platform serving two tracks, with an elevated station building above the platform. The station is staffed.
Platforms
History
The station opened on 19 November 1894. With the privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR) on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR East.
Passenger statistics
In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 13,687 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).
The passenger figures for previous years are as shown below.
Surrounding area
Tama River
Hamura City Hall
See also
List of railway stations in Japan
References
External links
Railway stations in Tokyo
Railway stations in Japan opened in 1894
Hamura, Tokyo
Ōme Line |
44505923 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tra%20Vinh%20University | Tra Vinh University | Tra Vinh University is a public university, was formed regarding the Decision No. 141/QĐ/2006-TTg dated on June 19, 2006 by the Prime Minister, located at No. 126, Nguyen Thien Thanh, Ward 5, Tra Vinh city, Tra Vinh Province, Vietnam.
History
2001: Tra Vinh University (TVU), formerly known as Tra Vinh Community College, was formed in 2001 under the Vietnam and Canada Community College Project. The project was funded and supported technologies by Canadian International Development Agency, Canada Association of Community Colleges (ACCC), a variety of institutes in Canada such as Saskatchewan Institute of Science and Applied Technology (SIAT), Marine Institute (MI), Québec Institute of Technology of Agriculture (ITA), and Malaspina University and College, and Vietnam Government.
2006: On June 19, Tra Vinh Community College was upgraded the University status and renamed Tra Vinh University, a public university.
The university has to report and be directly responsible for its operation to the managing unit – Tra Vinh People Committee and the Ministry of Training and Education (MOET).
All programs and courses, including associate programs are designed and carried out in accordance with the developmental needs of communities under the permission of MOET.
Within ten years of its formation and development, the university gradually confirmed its scale and training quality in the Mekong Delta. The number of students increased from two hundred in the first course in July 2002 to twenty thousand in different majors. The number of graduated students often increases 70%, especially the number of students who achieve employment after one graduation year is 90%.
Currently
Currently, Tra Vinh University has 13 Schools of: Agriculture and Aquaculture; Applied Chemistry; Basic Science; Economics and Law; Education; Engineering Technology; Foreign Languages; Medicine and Pharmacy - TVU Hospital; Southern Khmer Language, Culture and Art; Political Theory; Public Management, Office Administration and Tourism; Odonto- stomatology; and Pre-University.
Programs
Tra Vinh University offers three Doctoral programs including Culture Studies (Southern Khmer Culture), Business Administration and Literature Teaching Methodology, and fifteen Master programs (updated in July, 2017) consisting of Culture Studies, Business Administration, Economic Law, Rural Development, Chemical Technology, Economics Management, Literature Teaching Methodology, English Teaching Methodology, Veterinary, Finance-Banking, Electricity Technology, Civil and Procedural Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law, Information Technology and Accounting.
Tra Vinh University has launched 28 postgraduate programs, 58 Undergraduate programs and 8 Advanced diploma programs with full-time training, associate training, part-time training and distance training. Besides, the university has designed and conducted in-service training programs responding to companies’ and localities’ learning demands.
Organization
Tra Vinh University has three Campuses at Tra Vinh City. Campus one, at 126 Nguyen Thien Thanh street, Ward 5, Tra Vinh City, Tra Vinh Province, where the administration center of the university is located.
References
Universities in Vietnam
Educational institutions established in 2001
2001 establishments in Vietnam |
23579168 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangamuka%20River | Mangamuka River | The Mangamuka River is a river of the far north of the Northland Region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows generally south from the Maungataniwha Range southeast of Kaitaia, and the last few kilometres of its length are a wide, silty arm of the Hokianga Harbour, which it reaches northeast of Rawene.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Hokianga
Rivers of the Northland Region
Rivers of New Zealand |
23579169 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganui%20River | Manganui River | Manganui River may refer to the following New Zealand rivers:
Manganui River, Northland
Manganui River, Waikato
Manganui River, Taranaki
Manganui o te Ao River
See also
Manganui
Mangaone River (disambiguation)
Mangapapa River (disambiguation) |
44505948 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip%20Kevin%20Paul | Philip Kevin Paul | Philip Kevin Paul is a Canadian poet.
His debut collection Taking the Names Down from the Hill won the Dorothy Livesay Poetry Prize in 2004, and his second collection Little Hunger was a shortlisted nominee for the 2009 ReLit Award for poetry and the Governor General's Award for English-language poetry at the 2009 Governor General's Awards.
A former competitive boxer, he is a member of the Saanich First Nation on Vancouver Island. He is a graduate of the University of Victoria. In 2019, Paul co-taught a writing course at the University of Victoria called A Sense of Place.
References
Living people
21st-century Canadian poets
Writers from British Columbia
University of Victoria alumni
Canadian male poets
First Nations poets
21st-century Canadian male writers
21st-century First Nations writers
Year of birth missing (living people) |
44505953 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%20%28comics%29 | Fran (comics) | Fran is a graphic novel by American cartoonist Jim Woodring released in 2013. The wordless book is the third Frank graphic novel, following Weathercraft (2010) and Congress of the Animals (2011). After the anthropomorphic Frank violently loses his self-control with his secretive female counterpart Fran, whom he discovered at the end of Congress of the Animals, she leaves him, and he sets out in search of her.
References
Works cited
2013 graphic novels
Fantagraphics titles
Books by Jim Woodring
Comics by Jim Woodring |
23579172 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganuioteao%20River | Manganuioteao River | The Manganuioteao River (official name since 22 August 1985, also known as Manganui o te Ao River and shown on older maps as Manganuiateau River) is a river of the centre of New Zealand's North Island. It has its source in numerous streams and small rivers which flow west from the slopes of Mount Ruapehu, though the main course of the river flows predominantly southwest through rugged hill country to meet with the Whanganui River north of Pipiriki, at the edge of the Whanganui National Park.
The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "great stream of the world" for Manganui-o-te-Ao. Other translations have been "Great river of light", or "Wide open valley with plenty of daylight".
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
Tributary rivers
Makatote River
Mangaturturu River
References
Rivers of Manawatū-Whanganui
Rivers of New Zealand |
44505955 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%20Helens%2C%20Victoria | St Helens, Victoria | St Helens is a town in the Shire of Moyne, in South Western Victoria, Australia.
The local economy is largely agriculture.
References
Towns in Victoria (Australia) |
23579175 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganuiohou%20River | Manganuiohou River | The Manganuiohou River is a river of the northeast of New Zealand's North Island. It flows southwards from its source in Te Urewera National Park immediately to the northwest of Lake Waikaremoana, and joins with the Waiau River at the park's southwestern boundary.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rivers of the Hawke's Bay Region
Rivers of New Zealand |
23579177 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangaone%20River | Mangaone River | Mangaone River may refer to:
Mangaone River (Hawke's Bay), a river of the Hawke's Bay Region of New Zealand
Mangaone River (Manawatu-Wanganui), a river of the south of New Zealand's North Island
See also
Manganui River (disambiguation)
Mangapapa River (disambiguation) |
23579181 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangaoparo%20River | Mangaoparo River | The Mangaoparo River is a river of the Gisborne Region of New Zealand's North Island. It is located close to the island's northeasternmost point, flowing southeast from the slopes of Mount Raukumara in the Raukumara Range to reach the Waiapu River northeast of Ruatoria.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rivers of the Gisborne District
Rivers of New Zealand |
23579183 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangaorino%20River | Mangaorino River | The Mangaorino River is a river of the Waikato region of New Zealand's North island. It is a tributary of the Mangapu River, which it meets north of Te Kuiti.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Rivers of Waikato
Rivers of New Zealand |
20481458 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directors%20Guild%20of%20America%20Award%20for%20Outstanding%20Directing%20%E2%80%93%20Feature%20Film | Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Feature Film | The Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures is one of the annual Directors Guild of America Awards given by the Directors Guild of America. With 3 wins out of 12 nominations, Steven Spielberg is both the most awarded and most nominated director for this category in the history of DGA. Additionally, Alejandro G. Iñárritu is the only director to win consecutive awards. He was awarded in 2015 and 2016 for his directorial work in Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance) and The Revenant, respectively.
Predicting Oscar’s Outcome
The Directors Guild of America Award for Feature Film has traditionally been a very good barometer for the Academy Award for Best Director. The DGA winner has always gone on to win the Oscar, with the exceptions being these following years:
1968 - Anthony Harvey (The Lion in Winter) lost to Carol Reed (Oliver!)
1972 - Francis Ford Coppola (The Godfather) lost to Bob Fosse (Cabaret).
1985 - Steven Spielberg (The Color Purple) lost to Sydney Pollack (Out of Africa). Spielberg was not nominated at the Oscars.
1995 - Ron Howard (Apollo 13) lost to Mel Gibson (Braveheart). Howard was not nominated at the Oscars.
2000 - Ang Lee (Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon) lost to Steven Soderbergh (Traffic).
2002 - Rob Marshall (Chicago) lost to Roman Polanski (The Pianist).
2012 - Ben Affleck (Argo) lost to Ang Lee (Life of Pi). Affleck was not nominated at the Oscars.
2019 - Sam Mendes (1917) lost to Bong Joon-ho (Parasite).
Winners and nominees
1940s
1950s
1960s
1970s
1980s
1990s
2000s
2010s
2020s
Directors with multiple awards
3 awards
Steven Spielberg
2 awards
Francis Ford Coppola
Alfonso Cuarón
Clint Eastwood
Miloš Forman
Ron Howard
Alejandro González Iñárritu
David Lean
Ang Lee
Joseph L. Mankiewicz
Sam Mendes
George Stevens
Oliver Stone
Robert Wise
Fred Zinnemann
Directors with multiple nominations
The following directors have received four or more nominations:
12 nominations
Steven Spielberg
10 nominations
Martin Scorsese
7 nominations
Elia Kazan
William Wyler
Fred Zinnemann
6 nominations
John Huston
Billy Wilder
5 nominations
Woody Allen
Richard Brooks
Francis Ford Coppola
Stanley Donen
Alfred Hitchcock
Stanley Kubrick
Sidney Lumet
Robert Wise
4 nominations
George Cukor
Clint Eastwood
David Fincher
Ron Howard
David Lean
Ang Lee
Joseph L. Mankiewicz
Vincente Minnelli
Robert Mulligan
Christopher Nolan
Ridley Scott
George Stevens
Peter Weir
See also
BAFTA Award for Best Direction
Academy Award for Best Director
Golden Globe Award for Best Director
Independent Spirit Award for Best Director
Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Director
References
Directors Guild of America Awards |
44505956 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwina%20Brown | Edwina Brown | Edwina Brown (born July 1, 1978) is an American former professional basketball player.
Professional career
Brown was part of a three-way tie for second place in the 2000 WNBA Rookie of the Year voting. She played 130 games in the WNBA. She also played professionally in other countries: Lebanon, Austria, Spain, France and Israel.
USA Basketball
Brown won a gold medal with Team USA at the 1998 R. Williams Jones Cup and a bronze medal at the 1999 Pan American Games.
Personal life
Aside from basketball, Brown has worked with organizations that give back to their communities. She is the founder of MAP’D Out (Mentoring Athletes and Providing Dreams).
Texas statistics
Source
Career statistics
Regular season
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|2000
| style="text-align:left;"|Detroit
| 32 || 7 || 19.3 || .357 || .250 || .838 || 2.8 || 2.3 || 0.8 || 0.2 || 2.1 || 5.9
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|2001
| style="text-align:left;"|Detroit
| 32 || 14 || 25.0 || .366 || .377 || .783 || 3.2 || 2.7 || 1.0 || 0.2 || 2.1 || 7.4
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|2002
| style="text-align:left;"|Detroit
| 28 || 7 || 19.6 || .328 || .500 || .719 || 2.9 || 2.1 || 0.9 || 0.3 || 2.1 || 4.1
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|2003
| style="text-align:left;"|Phoenix
| 34 || 6 || 15.4 || .270 || .000 || .818 || 2.1 || 1.8 || 0.9 || 0.2 || 1.4 || 3.5
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|2006
| style="text-align:left;"|Houston
| 4 || 0 || 7.0 || .200 || .000 || 1.000 || 1.0 || 0.3 || 0.3 || 0.0 || 0.5 || 1.0
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|Career
| style="text-align:left;"|5 years, 3 teams
| 130 || 34 || 19.4 || .334 || .375 || .803 || 2.7 || 2.2 || 0.9 || 0.2 || 1.9 || 5.1
See also
2014–15 TCU Lady Frogs basketball team
References
External links
List of USA R. Williams Jones Cup Team participants
TCU coaching bio
Texas bio
Edwina Brown Official website
1978 births
Living people
All-American college women's basketball players
American women's basketball coaches
American women's basketball players
Basketball players at the 1999 Pan American Games
Basketball players from Dallas
Detroit Shock players
Forwards (basketball)
Guards (basketball)
Houston Comets players
Pan American Games bronze medalists for the United States
Pan American Games medalists in basketball
Phoenix Mercury players
Sportspeople from Dallas
TCU Horned Frogs women's basketball coaches
Texas Longhorns women's basketball players
Medalists at the 1999 Pan American Games
United States women's national basketball team players |
20481501 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirong%20Festival | Sirong Festival | Sirong Festival is an ethnic mardi-gras parade. Although some other municipalities in the province of Surigao del Sur are claiming to have this festival originated from them. As most of this coastal towns are founded during the pre-Spanish occupation and is both claiming the story of being attacked by the moros. Sirong festival in Cantilan is the popular one than other festivals.
Sirong is known to be a war dance between Muslims and Christians, reflecting the Christianization of the early Cantilangnons. The Manobos and the Mamanwas are known to be the early Cantilangnons.
The Municipality of Cantilan started the Sirong festival in 2004 days before the town fiesta. It was attended by other neighboring Municipalities in Surigao. With each contingents numbering to almost a hundred performers. The event was a great success with the winner bringing home cash prizes. On August 14, 2008, Cantilan once again hosted the event with the help from other local organizations such as the BARDUGS Association of Cantilan in full support by the Local Government Unit of Cantilan. As promised by the mayor that this festival will be held annually in this town.
Source : http://cantilanhistory.weebly.com/collections.html
References
"". WowPhilippines August Festivals.
"". Sirong Festival in Cantilan, Surigao del Sur Philippines.
External links
Sirong Festival Photos
Festivals in the Philippines
Culture of Surigao del Sur
Tourist attractions in Surigao del Sur |
23579184 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozaku%20Station | Ozaku Station | is a passenger railway station situated in the city of Hamura, Tokyo, Japan, operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East).
Lines
Ozaku Station is served by the Ōme Line, and is located 14.1 kilometers from the starting point of the line at Tachikawa Station.
Station layout
This station consists of a two opposed ground-level side platforms serving two tracks, with an elevated station building above the tracks and then the platforms. The station is staffed.
Platforms
History
The station was first opened on 19 November 1894. With the privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR) on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR East. A new station building was completed in March 1993.
Passenger statistics
In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 16,111 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).
The passenger figures for previous years are as shown below.
Surrounding area
Musashino Park
See also
List of railway stations in Japan
References
External links
JR East station information
Railway stations in Tokyo
Railway stations in Japan opened in 1894
Hamura, Tokyo
Ōme Line |
20481518 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramat%20Sharett | Ramat Sharett | Ramat Sharett () (lit. "Sharett Heights") is a neighbourhood in southwest Jerusalem, located between Ramat Denya and Beit VeGan. The neighborhood was established in 1974 and named for Moshe Sharett, Prime Minister of Israel in 1953-1955.
Ramat Sharett sits 860 meters above sea level.
Notable residents
Dalia Itzik
Yigal Yasinov
Ofer Berkovitch
References
Neighbourhoods of Jerusalem |
44505960 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millu%20Urqu | Millu Urqu | Millu Urqu Quechua millu salty, urqu mountain, "salty mountain", also spelled Millu Orkho) is a mountain in the Andes of Bolivia. It is situated in the Potosí Department, Nor Lípez Province, Quemes Municipality. Millu Urqu lies southwest of Chakra Urqu and Kachi Unu and northwest of Chiwana.
References
Mountains of Potosí Department |
23579185 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangaotaki%20River | Mangaotaki River | The Mangaotaki River is a river of the southern Waikato region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows generally southeast from its sources in the coastal Herangi Range to reach the Mokau River southwest of Piopio.
About above its confluence with the Mokau the river is bridged by SH3. The river at that point is too polluted for swimming.
One of its upper tributaries is the Waitanguru Stream, which has Waitanguru Falls on it.
The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "stream of oratory" for Mangaotaki.
See also
List of rivers of New Zealand
References
Waitomo District
Rivers of Waikato
Rivers of New Zealand |
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