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SQuAD
Although initially thought to have originated as a manmade variant of an extant canid species (variously supposed as being the dhole, golden jackal, or gray wolf), extensive genetic studies undertaken during the 2010s indicate that dogs diverged from an extinct wolf-like canid in Eurasia 40,000 years ago. Being the oldest domesticated animal, their long association with people has allowed dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior, as well as thrive on a starch-rich diet which would be inadequate for other canid species.
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a7f3682ef9314f41835918065f395f8b
What is the region where domesticated dogs ancestry traces to?
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{ "text": [ "Eurasia" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 281 ], "end": [ 287 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 50 ], "end": [ 50 ] } ] }
[ "Eurasia" ]
SQuAD
Although initially thought to have originated as a manmade variant of an extant canid species (variously supposed as being the dhole, golden jackal, or gray wolf), extensive genetic studies undertaken during the 2010s indicate that dogs diverged from an extinct wolf-like canid in Eurasia 40,000 years ago. Being the oldest domesticated animal, their long association with people has allowed dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior, as well as thrive on a starch-rich diet which would be inadequate for other canid species.
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511e746f494e414186e5d80291063b95
What type of diet can modern domesticated dogs thrive eating that other dogs cannot?
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[ "starch-rich" ]
SQuAD
Although initially thought to have originated as a manmade variant of an extant canid species (variously supposed as being the dhole, golden jackal, or gray wolf), extensive genetic studies undertaken during the 2010s indicate that dogs diverged from an extinct wolf-like canid in Eurasia 40,000 years ago. Being the oldest domesticated animal, their long association with people has allowed dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior, as well as thrive on a starch-rich diet which would be inadequate for other canid species.
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6d6400bf54d14cbd8ed1e00f04f38c29
What was undertaken in 2010 to determine where dogs originated from?
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[ "extensive genetic studies" ]
SQuAD
The breed with the shortest lifespan (among breeds for which there is a questionnaire survey with a reasonable sample size) is the Dogue de Bordeaux, with a median longevity of about 5.2 years, but several breeds, including Miniature Bull Terriers, Bloodhounds, and Irish Wolfhounds are nearly as short-lived, with median longevities of 6 to 7 years.
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c6a9ff19c3664e3389f621bd0d4d6bc5
What is the canine breed with shortest median lifespan?
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[ "Dogue de Bordeaux" ]
SQuAD
The breed with the shortest lifespan (among breeds for which there is a questionnaire survey with a reasonable sample size) is the Dogue de Bordeaux, with a median longevity of about 5.2 years, but several breeds, including Miniature Bull Terriers, Bloodhounds, and Irish Wolfhounds are nearly as short-lived, with median longevities of 6 to 7 years.
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cde775e3f8ed47079d66fd055a99ebae
What is the median length of life for the canine breed that lives the least amount of years?
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[ "5.2 years" ]
SQuAD
The breed with the shortest lifespan (among breeds for which there is a questionnaire survey with a reasonable sample size) is the Dogue de Bordeaux, with a median longevity of about 5.2 years, but several breeds, including Miniature Bull Terriers, Bloodhounds, and Irish Wolfhounds are nearly as short-lived, with median longevities of 6 to 7 years.
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04350753ae1d4bf5953a14a304a29f6d
What is the average lifespan of an Irish Wolfhound?
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[ "6 to 7 years." ]
SQuAD
The breed with the shortest lifespan (among breeds for which there is a questionnaire survey with a reasonable sample size) is the Dogue de Bordeaux, with a median longevity of about 5.2 years, but several breeds, including Miniature Bull Terriers, Bloodhounds, and Irish Wolfhounds are nearly as short-lived, with median longevities of 6 to 7 years.
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ca90ba549b3142ceb8271bf7746d8162
Which dog has the shortest lifespan?
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{ "text": [ "Dogue de Bordeaux" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 131 ], "end": [ 147 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 24 ], "end": [ 26 ] } ] }
[ "Dogue de Bordeaux" ]
SQuAD
The breed with the shortest lifespan (among breeds for which there is a questionnaire survey with a reasonable sample size) is the Dogue de Bordeaux, with a median longevity of about 5.2 years, but several breeds, including Miniature Bull Terriers, Bloodhounds, and Irish Wolfhounds are nearly as short-lived, with median longevities of 6 to 7 years.
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89faa13491e64cdea9f9789f5e59a538
What is the average lifespan for a Dogue de Borddeaux?
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[ "5.2 years" ]
SQuAD
In 2013, a study found that mixed breeds live on average 1.2 years longer than pure breeds, and that increasing body-weight was negatively correlated with longevity (i.e. the heavier the dog the shorter its lifespan).
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a07c9f0ff9b94a24b688afb84f284ec0
Mutts, dogs that have several breed characteristics, live how much longer than purebred dogs?
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[ "1.2 years" ]
SQuAD
In 2013, a study found that mixed breeds live on average 1.2 years longer than pure breeds, and that increasing body-weight was negatively correlated with longevity (i.e. the heavier the dog the shorter its lifespan).
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6699bf6090584a1b87b23efcd9820f88
Do bigger dogs typically have longer or shorter lives?
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{ "text": [ "shorter" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 195 ], "end": [ 201 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 37 ], "end": [ 37 ] } ] }
[ "shorter" ]
SQuAD
In 2013, a study found that mixed breeds live on average 1.2 years longer than pure breeds, and that increasing body-weight was negatively correlated with longevity (i.e. the heavier the dog the shorter its lifespan).
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f86ee2f75eb04c478030035063ab1816
When was a study done that discovered mixed breeds tend to live longer than pure breeds?
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[ "2013" ]
SQuAD
In 2013, a study found that mixed breeds live on average 1.2 years longer than pure breeds, and that increasing body-weight was negatively correlated with longevity (i.e. the heavier the dog the shorter its lifespan).
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2b21c1b9d2024950b650de0a22507964
Typically, how much longer do mixed breeds live?
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{ "text": [ "1.2 years longer" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 57 ], "end": [ 72 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 12 ], "end": [ 14 ] } ] }
[ "1.2 years longer" ]
SQuAD
In breeding circles, a male canine is referred to as a dog, while a female is called a bitch (Middle English bicche, from Old English bicce, ultimately from Old Norse bikkja). A group of offspring is a litter. The father of a litter is called the sire, and the mother is called the dam. Offspring are, in general, called pups or puppies, from French poupée, until they are about a year old. The process of birth is whelping, from the Old English word hwelp.
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222addad883d4888b46e3fc62d3cd168
What are a single birth group of puppies of a dog called collectively?
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{ "text": [ "a litter." ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 200 ], "end": [ 208 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 43 ], "end": [ 45 ] } ] }
[ "a litter." ]
SQuAD
In breeding circles, a male canine is referred to as a dog, while a female is called a bitch (Middle English bicche, from Old English bicce, ultimately from Old Norse bikkja). A group of offspring is a litter. The father of a litter is called the sire, and the mother is called the dam. Offspring are, in general, called pups or puppies, from French poupée, until they are about a year old. The process of birth is whelping, from the Old English word hwelp.
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a4e213637cfd4942bf801f387b6390a1
What is the male who is father of the pups called?
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{ "text": [ "sire" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 247 ], "end": [ 250 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 54 ], "end": [ 54 ] } ] }
[ "sire" ]
SQuAD
In breeding circles, a male canine is referred to as a dog, while a female is called a bitch (Middle English bicche, from Old English bicce, ultimately from Old Norse bikkja). A group of offspring is a litter. The father of a litter is called the sire, and the mother is called the dam. Offspring are, in general, called pups or puppies, from French poupée, until they are about a year old. The process of birth is whelping, from the Old English word hwelp.
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867591f329e341dbbf8ab15b2a77317b
What is the French word that "puppy" comes from?
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{ "text": [ "poupée" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 350 ], "end": [ 355 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 77 ], "end": [ 77 ] } ] }
[ "poupée" ]
SQuAD
In breeding circles, a male canine is referred to as a dog, while a female is called a bitch (Middle English bicche, from Old English bicce, ultimately from Old Norse bikkja). A group of offspring is a litter. The father of a litter is called the sire, and the mother is called the dam. Offspring are, in general, called pups or puppies, from French poupée, until they are about a year old. The process of birth is whelping, from the Old English word hwelp.
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a3287c18c7f646b5a20545ceaacd6f6d
What is giving birth to dogs called?
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[ "whelping" ]
SQuAD
In breeding circles, a male canine is referred to as a dog, while a female is called a bitch (Middle English bicche, from Old English bicce, ultimately from Old Norse bikkja). A group of offspring is a litter. The father of a litter is called the sire, and the mother is called the dam. Offspring are, in general, called pups or puppies, from French poupée, until they are about a year old. The process of birth is whelping, from the Old English word hwelp.
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5c5c83d895074aaf87c49393a4eacfc4
What is the English word for female dog that has also become profanity?
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{ "text": [ "bitch" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 87 ], "end": [ 91 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 20 ], "end": [ 20 ] } ] }
[ "bitch" ]
SQuAD
In breeding circles, a male canine is referred to as a dog, while a female is called a bitch (Middle English bicche, from Old English bicce, ultimately from Old Norse bikkja). A group of offspring is a litter. The father of a litter is called the sire, and the mother is called the dam. Offspring are, in general, called pups or puppies, from French poupée, until they are about a year old. The process of birth is whelping, from the Old English word hwelp.
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1bc5025dda2e4b5c8fb059c1d680a8d3
A male canine is called a dog while a female canine is called a what in reference to breeding?
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{ "text": [ "bitch" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 87 ], "end": [ 91 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 20 ], "end": [ 20 ] } ] }
[ "bitch" ]
SQuAD
In breeding circles, a male canine is referred to as a dog, while a female is called a bitch (Middle English bicche, from Old English bicce, ultimately from Old Norse bikkja). A group of offspring is a litter. The father of a litter is called the sire, and the mother is called the dam. Offspring are, in general, called pups or puppies, from French poupée, until they are about a year old. The process of birth is whelping, from the Old English word hwelp.
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9df878bfe3bc4ab284848343b238d47c
What are canine offspring referred as?
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{ "text": [ "litter" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 202 ], "end": [ 207 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 44 ], "end": [ 44 ] } ] }
[ "litter" ]
SQuAD
In breeding circles, a male canine is referred to as a dog, while a female is called a bitch (Middle English bicche, from Old English bicce, ultimately from Old Norse bikkja). A group of offspring is a litter. The father of a litter is called the sire, and the mother is called the dam. Offspring are, in general, called pups or puppies, from French poupée, until they are about a year old. The process of birth is whelping, from the Old English word hwelp.
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f1aec843730d4e8b90a76d2940042df9
What is the father of a litter referred as?
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{ "text": [ "sire" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 247 ], "end": [ 250 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 54 ], "end": [ 54 ] } ] }
[ "sire" ]
SQuAD
In breeding circles, a male canine is referred to as a dog, while a female is called a bitch (Middle English bicche, from Old English bicce, ultimately from Old Norse bikkja). A group of offspring is a litter. The father of a litter is called the sire, and the mother is called the dam. Offspring are, in general, called pups or puppies, from French poupée, until they are about a year old. The process of birth is whelping, from the Old English word hwelp.
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700d3a0ee0364db19f240deabfd26823
What is the mother of a litter referred as?
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{ "text": [ "dam" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 282 ], "end": [ 284 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 62 ], "end": [ 62 ] } ] }
[ "dam" ]
SQuAD
In breeding circles, a male canine is referred to as a dog, while a female is called a bitch (Middle English bicche, from Old English bicce, ultimately from Old Norse bikkja). A group of offspring is a litter. The father of a litter is called the sire, and the mother is called the dam. Offspring are, in general, called pups or puppies, from French poupée, until they are about a year old. The process of birth is whelping, from the Old English word hwelp.
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43e1cfcead734de1a8aa208dfe0b5300
What are the individual litter canines called?
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[ "pups" ]
SQuAD
In domestic dogs, sexual maturity begins to happen around age six to twelve months for both males and females, although this can be delayed until up to two years old for some large breeds. This is the time at which female dogs will have their first estrous cycle. They will experience subsequent estrous cycles biannually, during which the body prepares for pregnancy. At the peak of the cycle, females will come into estrus, being mentally and physically receptive to copulation. Because the ova survive and are capable of being fertilized for a week after ovulation, it is possible for a female to mate with more than one male.
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f8c695489a1b429c9f6ce69e14c7f751
How many times per year do female dogs go into heat?
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{ "text": [ "two" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 152 ], "end": [ 154 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 29 ], "end": [ 29 ] } ] }
[ "two" ]
SQuAD
In domestic dogs, sexual maturity begins to happen around age six to twelve months for both males and females, although this can be delayed until up to two years old for some large breeds. This is the time at which female dogs will have their first estrous cycle. They will experience subsequent estrous cycles biannually, during which the body prepares for pregnancy. At the peak of the cycle, females will come into estrus, being mentally and physically receptive to copulation. Because the ova survive and are capable of being fertilized for a week after ovulation, it is possible for a female to mate with more than one male.
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852a2a53dae94c6781028125bd83ffca
What does going into heat (estrous) prepare a female dog for?
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{ "text": [ "pregnancy." ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 358 ], "end": [ 367 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 66 ], "end": [ 67 ] } ] }
[ "pregnancy." ]
SQuAD
In domestic dogs, sexual maturity begins to happen around age six to twelve months for both males and females, although this can be delayed until up to two years old for some large breeds. This is the time at which female dogs will have their first estrous cycle. They will experience subsequent estrous cycles biannually, during which the body prepares for pregnancy. At the peak of the cycle, females will come into estrus, being mentally and physically receptive to copulation. Because the ova survive and are capable of being fertilized for a week after ovulation, it is possible for a female to mate with more than one male.
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4ed384958ef14e5d99a756dba0978692
Some larger breeds could take how long to become sexually mature?
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{ "text": [ "two years" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 152 ], "end": [ 160 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 29 ], "end": [ 30 ] } ] }
[ "two years" ]
SQuAD
In domestic dogs, sexual maturity begins to happen around age six to twelve months for both males and females, although this can be delayed until up to two years old for some large breeds. This is the time at which female dogs will have their first estrous cycle. They will experience subsequent estrous cycles biannually, during which the body prepares for pregnancy. At the peak of the cycle, females will come into estrus, being mentally and physically receptive to copulation. Because the ova survive and are capable of being fertilized for a week after ovulation, it is possible for a female to mate with more than one male.
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62b3bcc46e4c4235a975e8b9fb9b2899
What does a female dog experience at sexual maturity?
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{ "text": [ "first estrous cycle" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 243 ], "end": [ 261 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 48 ], "end": [ 50 ] } ] }
[ "first estrous cycle" ]
SQuAD
While all dogs are genetically very similar, natural selection and selective breeding have reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs, giving rise to dog types and dog breeds. Dog types are broad categories based on function, genetics, or characteristics. Dog breeds are groups of animals that possess a set of inherited characteristics that distinguishes them from other animals within the same species. Modern dog breeds are non-scientific classifications of dogs kept by modern kennel clubs.
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3deb4bb953964977912e1b48bd95d2cc
Natural selection and what makes certain dogs behave certain ways?
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{ "text": [ "selective breeding" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 67 ], "end": [ 84 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 11 ], "end": [ 12 ] } ] }
[ "selective breeding" ]
SQuAD
While all dogs are genetically very similar, natural selection and selective breeding have reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs, giving rise to dog types and dog breeds. Dog types are broad categories based on function, genetics, or characteristics. Dog breeds are groups of animals that possess a set of inherited characteristics that distinguishes them from other animals within the same species. Modern dog breeds are non-scientific classifications of dogs kept by modern kennel clubs.
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6131667b15ca443c84e1ba5fdba1e3c1
Who keeps classifications of different dog breeds?
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{ "text": [ "modern kennel clubs." ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 497 ], "end": [ 516 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 82 ], "end": [ 85 ] } ] }
[ "modern kennel clubs." ]
SQuAD
While all dogs are genetically very similar, natural selection and selective breeding have reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs, giving rise to dog types and dog breeds. Dog types are broad categories based on function, genetics, or characteristics. Dog breeds are groups of animals that possess a set of inherited characteristics that distinguishes them from other animals within the same species. Modern dog breeds are non-scientific classifications of dogs kept by modern kennel clubs.
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fdb9ad2585044b91865cf924f236da48
What is responsible for different dog types and breeds today?
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{ "text": [ "natural selection and selective breeding" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 45 ], "end": [ 84 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 8 ], "end": [ 12 ] } ] }
[ "natural selection and selective breeding" ]
SQuAD
While all dogs are genetically very similar, natural selection and selective breeding have reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs, giving rise to dog types and dog breeds. Dog types are broad categories based on function, genetics, or characteristics. Dog breeds are groups of animals that possess a set of inherited characteristics that distinguishes them from other animals within the same species. Modern dog breeds are non-scientific classifications of dogs kept by modern kennel clubs.
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Animals that share characteristics that are different than what other animals in that species have is known as what?
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{ "text": [ "breeds" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 191 ], "end": [ 196 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 30 ], "end": [ 30 ] } ] }
[ "breeds" ]
SQuAD
While all dogs are genetically very similar, natural selection and selective breeding have reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs, giving rise to dog types and dog breeds. Dog types are broad categories based on function, genetics, or characteristics. Dog breeds are groups of animals that possess a set of inherited characteristics that distinguishes them from other animals within the same species. Modern dog breeds are non-scientific classifications of dogs kept by modern kennel clubs.
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ff7e43aec4fb46009466237b426a3857
Modern dog breeds are what type of classification which is maintained by modern kennel clubs?
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{ "text": [ "non-scientific" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 450 ], "end": [ 463 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 74 ], "end": [ 76 ] } ] }
[ "non-scientific" ]
SQuAD
Some in the entertainment industry were critical of the star-making aspect of the show. Usher, a mentor on the show, bemoaning the loss of the "true art form of music", thought that shows like American Idol made it seem "so easy that everyone can do it, and that it can happen overnight", and that "television is a lie". Musician Michael Feinstein, while acknowledging that the show had uncovered promising performers, said that American Idol "isn't really about music. It's about all the bad aspects of the music business – the arrogance of commerce, this sense of 'I know what will make this person a star; artists themselves don't know.' " That American Idol is seen to be a fast track to success for its contestants has been a cause of resentment for some in the industry. LeAnn Rimes, commenting on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards over Faith Hill in 2006, said that "Carrie has not paid her dues long enough to fully deserve that award". It is a common theme that has been echoed by many others. Elton John, who had appeared as a mentor in the show but turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol, commenting on talent shows in general, said that "there have been some good acts but the only way to sustain a career is to pay your dues in small clubs".
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6514fa408fa8495c81005a0dedb2644a
What famous singer declined an offer to be a judge on American Idol after having been a mentor?
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{ "text": [ "Elton John" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 1037 ], "end": [ 1046 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 216 ], "end": [ 217 ] } ] }
[ "Elton John" ]
SQuAD
Some in the entertainment industry were critical of the star-making aspect of the show. Usher, a mentor on the show, bemoaning the loss of the "true art form of music", thought that shows like American Idol made it seem "so easy that everyone can do it, and that it can happen overnight", and that "television is a lie". Musician Michael Feinstein, while acknowledging that the show had uncovered promising performers, said that American Idol "isn't really about music. It's about all the bad aspects of the music business – the arrogance of commerce, this sense of 'I know what will make this person a star; artists themselves don't know.' " That American Idol is seen to be a fast track to success for its contestants has been a cause of resentment for some in the industry. LeAnn Rimes, commenting on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards over Faith Hill in 2006, said that "Carrie has not paid her dues long enough to fully deserve that award". It is a common theme that has been echoed by many others. Elton John, who had appeared as a mentor in the show but turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol, commenting on talent shows in general, said that "there have been some good acts but the only way to sustain a career is to pay your dues in small clubs".
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863360a6db7743339763714d14012089
What year did Carrie Underwood win a Country Music Award for Best Female Artist?
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{ "text": [ "2006" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 891 ], "end": [ 894 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 183 ], "end": [ 183 ] } ] }
[ "2006" ]
SQuAD
Some in the entertainment industry were critical of the star-making aspect of the show. Usher, a mentor on the show, bemoaning the loss of the "true art form of music", thought that shows like American Idol made it seem "so easy that everyone can do it, and that it can happen overnight", and that "television is a lie". Musician Michael Feinstein, while acknowledging that the show had uncovered promising performers, said that American Idol "isn't really about music. It's about all the bad aspects of the music business – the arrogance of commerce, this sense of 'I know what will make this person a star; artists themselves don't know.' " That American Idol is seen to be a fast track to success for its contestants has been a cause of resentment for some in the industry. LeAnn Rimes, commenting on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards over Faith Hill in 2006, said that "Carrie has not paid her dues long enough to fully deserve that award". It is a common theme that has been echoed by many others. Elton John, who had appeared as a mentor in the show but turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol, commenting on talent shows in general, said that "there have been some good acts but the only way to sustain a career is to pay your dues in small clubs".
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65185bc7af83433994cf585d03c6f26a
What singer criticized Carrie Underwood for winning a Country Music Award?
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{ "text": [ "LeAnn Rimes" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 777 ], "end": [ 787 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 164 ], "end": [ 165 ] } ] }
[ "LeAnn Rimes" ]
SQuAD
Some in the entertainment industry were critical of the star-making aspect of the show. Usher, a mentor on the show, bemoaning the loss of the "true art form of music", thought that shows like American Idol made it seem "so easy that everyone can do it, and that it can happen overnight", and that "television is a lie". Musician Michael Feinstein, while acknowledging that the show had uncovered promising performers, said that American Idol "isn't really about music. It's about all the bad aspects of the music business – the arrogance of commerce, this sense of 'I know what will make this person a star; artists themselves don't know.' " That American Idol is seen to be a fast track to success for its contestants has been a cause of resentment for some in the industry. LeAnn Rimes, commenting on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards over Faith Hill in 2006, said that "Carrie has not paid her dues long enough to fully deserve that award". It is a common theme that has been echoed by many others. Elton John, who had appeared as a mentor in the show but turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol, commenting on talent shows in general, said that "there have been some good acts but the only way to sustain a career is to pay your dues in small clubs".
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99b3bff9e72947c691e0e6d75d2cff62
Who felt that American Idol helped the true art form of music get lost?
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[ "Usher" ]
SQuAD
Some in the entertainment industry were critical of the star-making aspect of the show. Usher, a mentor on the show, bemoaning the loss of the "true art form of music", thought that shows like American Idol made it seem "so easy that everyone can do it, and that it can happen overnight", and that "television is a lie". Musician Michael Feinstein, while acknowledging that the show had uncovered promising performers, said that American Idol "isn't really about music. It's about all the bad aspects of the music business – the arrogance of commerce, this sense of 'I know what will make this person a star; artists themselves don't know.' " That American Idol is seen to be a fast track to success for its contestants has been a cause of resentment for some in the industry. LeAnn Rimes, commenting on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards over Faith Hill in 2006, said that "Carrie has not paid her dues long enough to fully deserve that award". It is a common theme that has been echoed by many others. Elton John, who had appeared as a mentor in the show but turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol, commenting on talent shows in general, said that "there have been some good acts but the only way to sustain a career is to pay your dues in small clubs".
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169cf497ac93462b8a8b9e74dd4dda7c
Who won the Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards in 2006?
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[ "Carrie Underwood" ]
SQuAD
Some in the entertainment industry were critical of the star-making aspect of the show. Usher, a mentor on the show, bemoaning the loss of the "true art form of music", thought that shows like American Idol made it seem "so easy that everyone can do it, and that it can happen overnight", and that "television is a lie". Musician Michael Feinstein, while acknowledging that the show had uncovered promising performers, said that American Idol "isn't really about music. It's about all the bad aspects of the music business – the arrogance of commerce, this sense of 'I know what will make this person a star; artists themselves don't know.' " That American Idol is seen to be a fast track to success for its contestants has been a cause of resentment for some in the industry. LeAnn Rimes, commenting on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards over Faith Hill in 2006, said that "Carrie has not paid her dues long enough to fully deserve that award". It is a common theme that has been echoed by many others. Elton John, who had appeared as a mentor in the show but turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol, commenting on talent shows in general, said that "there have been some good acts but the only way to sustain a career is to pay your dues in small clubs".
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9a2fea93fc894b4eb460e228ac783e90
Who did Carrie beat out for the award?
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[ "Faith Hill" ]
SQuAD
Some in the entertainment industry were critical of the star-making aspect of the show. Usher, a mentor on the show, bemoaning the loss of the "true art form of music", thought that shows like American Idol made it seem "so easy that everyone can do it, and that it can happen overnight", and that "television is a lie". Musician Michael Feinstein, while acknowledging that the show had uncovered promising performers, said that American Idol "isn't really about music. It's about all the bad aspects of the music business – the arrogance of commerce, this sense of 'I know what will make this person a star; artists themselves don't know.' " That American Idol is seen to be a fast track to success for its contestants has been a cause of resentment for some in the industry. LeAnn Rimes, commenting on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards over Faith Hill in 2006, said that "Carrie has not paid her dues long enough to fully deserve that award". It is a common theme that has been echoed by many others. Elton John, who had appeared as a mentor in the show but turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol, commenting on talent shows in general, said that "there have been some good acts but the only way to sustain a career is to pay your dues in small clubs".
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e3861fcc5e9f44bdbb4c25c09689b3eb
Who said that Carrie had not paid her dues to win that award?
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[ "LeAnn Rimes" ]
SQuAD
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5e957447ed65485ab497b7b55f9a90c3
Who was a mentor but later turned down the opportunity to judge Idol?
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{ "text": [ "Elton John" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 1037 ], "end": [ 1046 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 216 ], "end": [ 217 ] } ] }
[ "Elton John" ]
SQuAD
Domestic dogs have been selectively bred for millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes. Modern dog breeds show more variation in size, appearance, and behavior than any other domestic animal. Dogs are predators and scavengers, and like many other predatory mammals, the dog has powerful muscles, fused wrist bones, a cardiovascular system that supports both sprinting and endurance, and teeth for catching and tearing.
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1e65a792cd35442390ed2ec2f9366086
What species shows more difference in size, looks and actions than any other?
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[ "Modern dog breeds" ]
SQuAD
Domestic dogs have been selectively bred for millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes. Modern dog breeds show more variation in size, appearance, and behavior than any other domestic animal. Dogs are predators and scavengers, and like many other predatory mammals, the dog has powerful muscles, fused wrist bones, a cardiovascular system that supports both sprinting and endurance, and teeth for catching and tearing.
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2c79223a7e414f48b4f24d68a7da437c
What are dog teeth best suited for?
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[ "catching and tearing." ]
SQuAD
Domestic dogs have been selectively bred for millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes. Modern dog breeds show more variation in size, appearance, and behavior than any other domestic animal. Dogs are predators and scavengers, and like many other predatory mammals, the dog has powerful muscles, fused wrist bones, a cardiovascular system that supports both sprinting and endurance, and teeth for catching and tearing.
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2a085054da8249b9a462875cfa267bab
Dogs are considered to be predators and what else?
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{ "text": [ "scavengers" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 252 ], "end": [ 261 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 42 ], "end": [ 42 ] } ] }
[ "scavengers" ]
SQuAD
Domestic dogs have been selectively bred for millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes. Modern dog breeds show more variation in size, appearance, and behavior than any other domestic animal. Dogs are predators and scavengers, and like many other predatory mammals, the dog has powerful muscles, fused wrist bones, a cardiovascular system that supports both sprinting and endurance, and teeth for catching and tearing.
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15a4395dd2aa4935a6953bf01bca3835
What bones in dog legs are fused?
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{ "text": [ "wrist" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 339 ], "end": [ 343 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 58 ], "end": [ 58 ] } ] }
[ "wrist" ]
SQuAD
Domestic dogs have been selectively bred for millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes. Modern dog breeds show more variation in size, appearance, and behavior than any other domestic animal. Dogs are predators and scavengers, and like many other predatory mammals, the dog has powerful muscles, fused wrist bones, a cardiovascular system that supports both sprinting and endurance, and teeth for catching and tearing.
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e49e94a1c7cc4216814b55bae544641e
A dog's heart and vascular ability if best suited for sprinting and what else?
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{ "text": [ "endurance" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 409 ], "end": [ 417 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 69 ], "end": [ 69 ] } ] }
[ "endurance" ]
SQuAD
Domestic dogs have been selectively bred for millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes. Modern dog breeds show more variation in size, appearance, and behavior than any other domestic animal. Dogs are predators and scavengers, and like many other predatory mammals, the dog has powerful muscles, fused wrist bones, a cardiovascular system that supports both sprinting and endurance, and teeth for catching and tearing.
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077223325e794ce498462ec8895439cc
What are a dog's teeth mainly used for?
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{ "text": [ "catching and tearing" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 434 ], "end": [ 453 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 74 ], "end": [ 76 ] } ] }
[ "catching and tearing" ]
SQuAD
Domestic dogs have been selectively bred for millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes. Modern dog breeds show more variation in size, appearance, and behavior than any other domestic animal. Dogs are predators and scavengers, and like many other predatory mammals, the dog has powerful muscles, fused wrist bones, a cardiovascular system that supports both sprinting and endurance, and teeth for catching and tearing.
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f66aa5febbe546e9b2c38282caa31e8d
Dogs originated as predators and what?
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[ "scavengers" ]
SQuAD
Early reviews were mixed in their assessment. Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly considered that "As TV, American Idol is crazily entertaining; as music, it's dust-mote inconsequential". Others, however, thought that "the most striking aspect of the series was the genuine talent it revealed". It was also described as a "sadistic musical bake-off", and "a romp in humiliation". Other aspects of the show have attracted criticisms. The product placement in the show in particular was noted, and some critics were harsh about what they perceived as its blatant commercial calculations – Karla Peterson of The San Diego Union-Tribune charged that American Idol is "a conniving multimedia monster" that has "absorbed the sin of our debauched culture and spit them out in a lump of reconstituted evil". The decision to send the season one winner to sing the national anthem at the Lincoln Memorial on the first anniversary of the September 11 attacks in 2002 was also poorly received by many. Lisa de Moraes of The Washington Post noted sarcastically that "The terrorists have won" and, with a sideswipe at the show's commercialism and voting process, that the decision as to who "gets to turn this important site into just another cog in the 'Great American Idol Marketing Mandala' is in the hands of the millions of girls who have made American Idol a hit. Them and a handful of phone-redialer geeks who have been clocking up to 10,000 calls each week for their contestant of choice (but who, according to Fox, are in absolutely no way skewing the outcome)."
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9098312de2c24695b99d329c06b49dd3
What publication does Ken Tucker work for?
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{ "text": [ "Entertainment Weekly" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 60 ], "end": [ 79 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 11 ], "end": [ 12 ] } ] }
[ "Entertainment Weekly" ]
SQuAD
Early reviews were mixed in their assessment. Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly considered that "As TV, American Idol is crazily entertaining; as music, it's dust-mote inconsequential". Others, however, thought that "the most striking aspect of the series was the genuine talent it revealed". It was also described as a "sadistic musical bake-off", and "a romp in humiliation". Other aspects of the show have attracted criticisms. The product placement in the show in particular was noted, and some critics were harsh about what they perceived as its blatant commercial calculations – Karla Peterson of The San Diego Union-Tribune charged that American Idol is "a conniving multimedia monster" that has "absorbed the sin of our debauched culture and spit them out in a lump of reconstituted evil". The decision to send the season one winner to sing the national anthem at the Lincoln Memorial on the first anniversary of the September 11 attacks in 2002 was also poorly received by many. Lisa de Moraes of The Washington Post noted sarcastically that "The terrorists have won" and, with a sideswipe at the show's commercialism and voting process, that the decision as to who "gets to turn this important site into just another cog in the 'Great American Idol Marketing Mandala' is in the hands of the millions of girls who have made American Idol a hit. Them and a handful of phone-redialer geeks who have been clocking up to 10,000 calls each week for their contestant of choice (but who, according to Fox, are in absolutely no way skewing the outcome)."
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d0556a79196d4fd0a0db2cbc461ebb78
What did American Idols first winner sing at the Lincoln Memorial in 2002?
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{ "text": [ "the national anthem" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 850 ], "end": [ 868 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 167 ], "end": [ 169 ] } ] }
[ "the national anthem" ]
SQuAD
Early reviews were mixed in their assessment. Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly considered that "As TV, American Idol is crazily entertaining; as music, it's dust-mote inconsequential". Others, however, thought that "the most striking aspect of the series was the genuine talent it revealed". It was also described as a "sadistic musical bake-off", and "a romp in humiliation". Other aspects of the show have attracted criticisms. The product placement in the show in particular was noted, and some critics were harsh about what they perceived as its blatant commercial calculations – Karla Peterson of The San Diego Union-Tribune charged that American Idol is "a conniving multimedia monster" that has "absorbed the sin of our debauched culture and spit them out in a lump of reconstituted evil". The decision to send the season one winner to sing the national anthem at the Lincoln Memorial on the first anniversary of the September 11 attacks in 2002 was also poorly received by many. Lisa de Moraes of The Washington Post noted sarcastically that "The terrorists have won" and, with a sideswipe at the show's commercialism and voting process, that the decision as to who "gets to turn this important site into just another cog in the 'Great American Idol Marketing Mandala' is in the hands of the millions of girls who have made American Idol a hit. Them and a handful of phone-redialer geeks who have been clocking up to 10,000 calls each week for their contestant of choice (but who, according to Fox, are in absolutely no way skewing the outcome)."
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40ccb1576bef46beb809c8b079b04ecf
Which journalist felt Idol produced entertaining TV more than entertaining music?
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{ "text": [ "Ken Tucker" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 46 ], "end": [ 55 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 8 ], "end": [ 9 ] } ] }
[ "Ken Tucker" ]
SQuAD
Early reviews were mixed in their assessment. Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly considered that "As TV, American Idol is crazily entertaining; as music, it's dust-mote inconsequential". Others, however, thought that "the most striking aspect of the series was the genuine talent it revealed". It was also described as a "sadistic musical bake-off", and "a romp in humiliation". Other aspects of the show have attracted criticisms. The product placement in the show in particular was noted, and some critics were harsh about what they perceived as its blatant commercial calculations – Karla Peterson of The San Diego Union-Tribune charged that American Idol is "a conniving multimedia monster" that has "absorbed the sin of our debauched culture and spit them out in a lump of reconstituted evil". The decision to send the season one winner to sing the national anthem at the Lincoln Memorial on the first anniversary of the September 11 attacks in 2002 was also poorly received by many. Lisa de Moraes of The Washington Post noted sarcastically that "The terrorists have won" and, with a sideswipe at the show's commercialism and voting process, that the decision as to who "gets to turn this important site into just another cog in the 'Great American Idol Marketing Mandala' is in the hands of the millions of girls who have made American Idol a hit. Them and a handful of phone-redialer geeks who have been clocking up to 10,000 calls each week for their contestant of choice (but who, according to Fox, are in absolutely no way skewing the outcome)."
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ace005aafa09457ca31ca1f928fea0b8
Which publication did Tucker work for?
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{ "text": [ "Entertainment Weekly" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 60 ], "end": [ 79 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 11 ], "end": [ 12 ] } ] }
[ "Entertainment Weekly" ]
SQuAD
Early reviews were mixed in their assessment. Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly considered that "As TV, American Idol is crazily entertaining; as music, it's dust-mote inconsequential". Others, however, thought that "the most striking aspect of the series was the genuine talent it revealed". It was also described as a "sadistic musical bake-off", and "a romp in humiliation". Other aspects of the show have attracted criticisms. The product placement in the show in particular was noted, and some critics were harsh about what they perceived as its blatant commercial calculations – Karla Peterson of The San Diego Union-Tribune charged that American Idol is "a conniving multimedia monster" that has "absorbed the sin of our debauched culture and spit them out in a lump of reconstituted evil". The decision to send the season one winner to sing the national anthem at the Lincoln Memorial on the first anniversary of the September 11 attacks in 2002 was also poorly received by many. Lisa de Moraes of The Washington Post noted sarcastically that "The terrorists have won" and, with a sideswipe at the show's commercialism and voting process, that the decision as to who "gets to turn this important site into just another cog in the 'Great American Idol Marketing Mandala' is in the hands of the millions of girls who have made American Idol a hit. Them and a handful of phone-redialer geeks who have been clocking up to 10,000 calls each week for their contestant of choice (but who, according to Fox, are in absolutely no way skewing the outcome)."
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e76df60046e24f5899cb2545435ed953
Who called American Idol a conniving multimedia monster?
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{ "text": [ "Karla Peterson" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 586 ], "end": [ 599 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 115 ], "end": [ 116 ] } ] }
[ "Karla Peterson" ]
SQuAD
Early reviews were mixed in their assessment. Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly considered that "As TV, American Idol is crazily entertaining; as music, it's dust-mote inconsequential". Others, however, thought that "the most striking aspect of the series was the genuine talent it revealed". It was also described as a "sadistic musical bake-off", and "a romp in humiliation". Other aspects of the show have attracted criticisms. The product placement in the show in particular was noted, and some critics were harsh about what they perceived as its blatant commercial calculations – Karla Peterson of The San Diego Union-Tribune charged that American Idol is "a conniving multimedia monster" that has "absorbed the sin of our debauched culture and spit them out in a lump of reconstituted evil". The decision to send the season one winner to sing the national anthem at the Lincoln Memorial on the first anniversary of the September 11 attacks in 2002 was also poorly received by many. Lisa de Moraes of The Washington Post noted sarcastically that "The terrorists have won" and, with a sideswipe at the show's commercialism and voting process, that the decision as to who "gets to turn this important site into just another cog in the 'Great American Idol Marketing Mandala' is in the hands of the millions of girls who have made American Idol a hit. Them and a handful of phone-redialer geeks who have been clocking up to 10,000 calls each week for their contestant of choice (but who, according to Fox, are in absolutely no way skewing the outcome)."
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6ad0601bdef644fab09e97571a1ec572
Where did the season one winner sing the national anthem that received huge criticism?
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{ "text": [ "Lincoln Memorial" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 877 ], "end": [ 892 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 172 ], "end": [ 173 ] } ] }
[ "Lincoln Memorial" ]
SQuAD
The origin of the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is not clear. Whole genome sequencing indicates that the dog, the gray wolf and the extinct Taymyr wolf diverged at around the same time 27,000–40,000 years ago. These dates imply that the earliest dogs arose in the time of human hunter-gatherers and not agriculturists. Modern dogs are more closely related to ancient wolf fossils that have been found in Europe than they are to modern gray wolves. Nearly all dog breeds' genetic closeness to the gray wolf are due to admixture, except several Arctic dog breeds are close to the Taimyr wolf of North Asia due to admixture.
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02815c7bf3b3408f93ee4779cd40dbbb
Modern dogs likely began when human beings were considered to be what?
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{ "text": [ "hunter-gatherers" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 306 ], "end": [ 321 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 57 ], "end": [ 59 ] } ] }
[ "hunter-gatherers" ]
SQuAD
The origin of the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is not clear. Whole genome sequencing indicates that the dog, the gray wolf and the extinct Taymyr wolf diverged at around the same time 27,000–40,000 years ago. These dates imply that the earliest dogs arose in the time of human hunter-gatherers and not agriculturists. Modern dogs are more closely related to ancient wolf fossils that have been found in Europe than they are to modern gray wolves. Nearly all dog breeds' genetic closeness to the gray wolf are due to admixture, except several Arctic dog breeds are close to the Taimyr wolf of North Asia due to admixture.
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62cdfaceb4734e20a797eb74b57921df
Due to admixture, what species are many Arctic dogs related to?
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{ "text": [ "Taimyr wolf of North Asia" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 606 ], "end": [ 630 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 113 ], "end": [ 117 ] } ] }
[ "Taimyr wolf of North Asia" ]
SQuAD
The origin of the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is not clear. Whole genome sequencing indicates that the dog, the gray wolf and the extinct Taymyr wolf diverged at around the same time 27,000–40,000 years ago. These dates imply that the earliest dogs arose in the time of human hunter-gatherers and not agriculturists. Modern dogs are more closely related to ancient wolf fossils that have been found in Europe than they are to modern gray wolves. Nearly all dog breeds' genetic closeness to the gray wolf are due to admixture, except several Arctic dog breeds are close to the Taimyr wolf of North Asia due to admixture.
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6cfe26f870974fc49218cf8df0b52847
Rather than with agriculturists, dogs seemingly were during the time of who?
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{ "text": [ "human hunter-gatherers" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 300 ], "end": [ 321 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 56 ], "end": [ 59 ] } ] }
[ "human hunter-gatherers" ]
SQuAD
The origin of the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is not clear. Whole genome sequencing indicates that the dog, the gray wolf and the extinct Taymyr wolf diverged at around the same time 27,000–40,000 years ago. These dates imply that the earliest dogs arose in the time of human hunter-gatherers and not agriculturists. Modern dogs are more closely related to ancient wolf fossils that have been found in Europe than they are to modern gray wolves. Nearly all dog breeds' genetic closeness to the gray wolf are due to admixture, except several Arctic dog breeds are close to the Taimyr wolf of North Asia due to admixture.
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fcb4bee1861f4f988863c5fa84b6c937
Most breeds share a genetic likeness to what animal?
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[ "gray wolf" ]
SQuAD
The origin of the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is not clear. Whole genome sequencing indicates that the dog, the gray wolf and the extinct Taymyr wolf diverged at around the same time 27,000–40,000 years ago. These dates imply that the earliest dogs arose in the time of human hunter-gatherers and not agriculturists. Modern dogs are more closely related to ancient wolf fossils that have been found in Europe than they are to modern gray wolves. Nearly all dog breeds' genetic closeness to the gray wolf are due to admixture, except several Arctic dog breeds are close to the Taimyr wolf of North Asia due to admixture.
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daedeef6ac3b406caaba56807dff1f08
Some Arctic breeds are more like what wolf rather than the gray wolf?
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[ "Taimyr" ]
SQuAD
There are many different shapes for dog tails: straight, straight up, sickle, curled, or cork-screw. As with many canids, one of the primary functions of a dog's tail is to communicate their emotional state, which can be important in getting along with others. In some hunting dogs, however, the tail is traditionally docked to avoid injuries. In some breeds, such as the Braque du Bourbonnais, puppies can be born with a short tail or no tail at all.
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d093f444c8e64740ab14aeb89213e56d
What part of a dog can be straight, curly or cork-screwed?
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[ "tails" ]
SQuAD
There are many different shapes for dog tails: straight, straight up, sickle, curled, or cork-screw. As with many canids, one of the primary functions of a dog's tail is to communicate their emotional state, which can be important in getting along with others. In some hunting dogs, however, the tail is traditionally docked to avoid injuries. In some breeds, such as the Braque du Bourbonnais, puppies can be born with a short tail or no tail at all.
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698fd61197914d9b975c24a404ed4514
What does a dog communicate with its tail?
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{ "text": [ "emotional state" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 191 ], "end": [ 205 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 42 ], "end": [ 43 ] } ] }
[ "emotional state" ]
SQuAD
There are many different shapes for dog tails: straight, straight up, sickle, curled, or cork-screw. As with many canids, one of the primary functions of a dog's tail is to communicate their emotional state, which can be important in getting along with others. In some hunting dogs, however, the tail is traditionally docked to avoid injuries. In some breeds, such as the Braque du Bourbonnais, puppies can be born with a short tail or no tail at all.
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ec8fe0f015994d9cad3b36989ac5782d
What part of a dog can be straight, curled, or cork-screwed?
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[ "tails" ]
SQuAD
Some of the later writers about the show were more positive, Michael Slezak, again of Entertainment Weekly, thought that "for all its bloated, synthetic, product-shilling, money-making trappings, Idol provides a once-a-year chance for the average American to combat the evils of today's music business." Singer Sheryl Crow, who was later to act as a mentor on the show, however took the view that the show "undermines art in every way and promotes commercialism". Pop music critic Ann Powers nevertheless suggested that Idol has "reshaped the American songbook", "led us toward a new way of viewing ourselves in relationship to mainstream popular culture", and connects "the classic Hollywood dream to the multicentered popular culture of the future." Others focused on the personalities in the show; Ramin Setoodeh of Newsweek accused judge Simon Cowell's cruel critiques in the show of helping to establish in the wider world a culture of meanness, that "Simon Cowell has dragged the rest of us in the mud with him." Some such as singer John Mayer disparaged the contestants, suggesting that those who appeared on Idol are not real artists with self-respect.
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37dd36c7856a464d978cb3ed6053dc56
What publication does Michael Slezak write for?
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{ "text": [ "Entertainment Weekly" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 86 ], "end": [ 105 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 17 ], "end": [ 18 ] } ] }
[ "Entertainment Weekly" ]
SQuAD
Some of the later writers about the show were more positive, Michael Slezak, again of Entertainment Weekly, thought that "for all its bloated, synthetic, product-shilling, money-making trappings, Idol provides a once-a-year chance for the average American to combat the evils of today's music business." Singer Sheryl Crow, who was later to act as a mentor on the show, however took the view that the show "undermines art in every way and promotes commercialism". Pop music critic Ann Powers nevertheless suggested that Idol has "reshaped the American songbook", "led us toward a new way of viewing ourselves in relationship to mainstream popular culture", and connects "the classic Hollywood dream to the multicentered popular culture of the future." Others focused on the personalities in the show; Ramin Setoodeh of Newsweek accused judge Simon Cowell's cruel critiques in the show of helping to establish in the wider world a culture of meanness, that "Simon Cowell has dragged the rest of us in the mud with him." Some such as singer John Mayer disparaged the contestants, suggesting that those who appeared on Idol are not real artists with self-respect.
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4f1ec15dc5bd445a9022dc999813c43d
Who was accused of being mean and cruel on American Idol?
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{ "text": [ "Simon Cowell" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 842 ], "end": [ 853 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 164 ], "end": [ 165 ] } ] }
[ "Simon Cowell" ]
SQuAD
Some of the later writers about the show were more positive, Michael Slezak, again of Entertainment Weekly, thought that "for all its bloated, synthetic, product-shilling, money-making trappings, Idol provides a once-a-year chance for the average American to combat the evils of today's music business." Singer Sheryl Crow, who was later to act as a mentor on the show, however took the view that the show "undermines art in every way and promotes commercialism". Pop music critic Ann Powers nevertheless suggested that Idol has "reshaped the American songbook", "led us toward a new way of viewing ourselves in relationship to mainstream popular culture", and connects "the classic Hollywood dream to the multicentered popular culture of the future." Others focused on the personalities in the show; Ramin Setoodeh of Newsweek accused judge Simon Cowell's cruel critiques in the show of helping to establish in the wider world a culture of meanness, that "Simon Cowell has dragged the rest of us in the mud with him." Some such as singer John Mayer disparaged the contestants, suggesting that those who appeared on Idol are not real artists with self-respect.
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What singer had bad things to say about contestants on American Idol?
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[ "John Mayer" ]
SQuAD
Some of the later writers about the show were more positive, Michael Slezak, again of Entertainment Weekly, thought that "for all its bloated, synthetic, product-shilling, money-making trappings, Idol provides a once-a-year chance for the average American to combat the evils of today's music business." Singer Sheryl Crow, who was later to act as a mentor on the show, however took the view that the show "undermines art in every way and promotes commercialism". Pop music critic Ann Powers nevertheless suggested that Idol has "reshaped the American songbook", "led us toward a new way of viewing ourselves in relationship to mainstream popular culture", and connects "the classic Hollywood dream to the multicentered popular culture of the future." Others focused on the personalities in the show; Ramin Setoodeh of Newsweek accused judge Simon Cowell's cruel critiques in the show of helping to establish in the wider world a culture of meanness, that "Simon Cowell has dragged the rest of us in the mud with him." Some such as singer John Mayer disparaged the contestants, suggesting that those who appeared on Idol are not real artists with self-respect.
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f988bdd52b2d47c39d4a9d3398736d9b
What magazine does Ramin Wetoodeh write for?
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{ "text": [ "Newsweek" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 819 ], "end": [ 826 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 161 ], "end": [ 161 ] } ] }
[ "Newsweek" ]
SQuAD
Some of the later writers about the show were more positive, Michael Slezak, again of Entertainment Weekly, thought that "for all its bloated, synthetic, product-shilling, money-making trappings, Idol provides a once-a-year chance for the average American to combat the evils of today's music business." Singer Sheryl Crow, who was later to act as a mentor on the show, however took the view that the show "undermines art in every way and promotes commercialism". Pop music critic Ann Powers nevertheless suggested that Idol has "reshaped the American songbook", "led us toward a new way of viewing ourselves in relationship to mainstream popular culture", and connects "the classic Hollywood dream to the multicentered popular culture of the future." Others focused on the personalities in the show; Ramin Setoodeh of Newsweek accused judge Simon Cowell's cruel critiques in the show of helping to establish in the wider world a culture of meanness, that "Simon Cowell has dragged the rest of us in the mud with him." Some such as singer John Mayer disparaged the contestants, suggesting that those who appeared on Idol are not real artists with self-respect.
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36635e1ce0154199b16b638e56218549
Sheryl Crow felt the show undermined art and promoted what?
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{ "text": [ "commercialism" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 448 ], "end": [ 460 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 94 ], "end": [ 94 ] } ] }
[ "commercialism" ]
SQuAD
Some of the later writers about the show were more positive, Michael Slezak, again of Entertainment Weekly, thought that "for all its bloated, synthetic, product-shilling, money-making trappings, Idol provides a once-a-year chance for the average American to combat the evils of today's music business." Singer Sheryl Crow, who was later to act as a mentor on the show, however took the view that the show "undermines art in every way and promotes commercialism". Pop music critic Ann Powers nevertheless suggested that Idol has "reshaped the American songbook", "led us toward a new way of viewing ourselves in relationship to mainstream popular culture", and connects "the classic Hollywood dream to the multicentered popular culture of the future." Others focused on the personalities in the show; Ramin Setoodeh of Newsweek accused judge Simon Cowell's cruel critiques in the show of helping to establish in the wider world a culture of meanness, that "Simon Cowell has dragged the rest of us in the mud with him." Some such as singer John Mayer disparaged the contestants, suggesting that those who appeared on Idol are not real artists with self-respect.
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Who said that American Idol has reshaped the American songbook?
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{ "text": [ "Ann Powers" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 481 ], "end": [ 490 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 100 ], "end": [ 101 ] } ] }
[ "Ann Powers" ]
SQuAD
Some of the later writers about the show were more positive, Michael Slezak, again of Entertainment Weekly, thought that "for all its bloated, synthetic, product-shilling, money-making trappings, Idol provides a once-a-year chance for the average American to combat the evils of today's music business." Singer Sheryl Crow, who was later to act as a mentor on the show, however took the view that the show "undermines art in every way and promotes commercialism". Pop music critic Ann Powers nevertheless suggested that Idol has "reshaped the American songbook", "led us toward a new way of viewing ourselves in relationship to mainstream popular culture", and connects "the classic Hollywood dream to the multicentered popular culture of the future." Others focused on the personalities in the show; Ramin Setoodeh of Newsweek accused judge Simon Cowell's cruel critiques in the show of helping to establish in the wider world a culture of meanness, that "Simon Cowell has dragged the rest of us in the mud with him." Some such as singer John Mayer disparaged the contestants, suggesting that those who appeared on Idol are not real artists with self-respect.
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c29eed2d3c3c426f9cb7f7eedc848458
Who was accused of helping meanness thrive?
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[ "Simon Cowell" ]
SQuAD
Some of the later writers about the show were more positive, Michael Slezak, again of Entertainment Weekly, thought that "for all its bloated, synthetic, product-shilling, money-making trappings, Idol provides a once-a-year chance for the average American to combat the evils of today's music business." Singer Sheryl Crow, who was later to act as a mentor on the show, however took the view that the show "undermines art in every way and promotes commercialism". Pop music critic Ann Powers nevertheless suggested that Idol has "reshaped the American songbook", "led us toward a new way of viewing ourselves in relationship to mainstream popular culture", and connects "the classic Hollywood dream to the multicentered popular culture of the future." Others focused on the personalities in the show; Ramin Setoodeh of Newsweek accused judge Simon Cowell's cruel critiques in the show of helping to establish in the wider world a culture of meanness, that "Simon Cowell has dragged the rest of us in the mud with him." Some such as singer John Mayer disparaged the contestants, suggesting that those who appeared on Idol are not real artists with self-respect.
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c919d272267f4d0787d6e07ec1154872
Which singer said the contestants are not real artists with self respect?
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[ "John Mayer" ]
SQuAD
Domestic dogs often display the remnants of countershading, a common natural camouflage pattern. A countershaded animal will have dark coloring on its upper surfaces and light coloring below, which reduces its general visibility. Thus, many breeds will have an occasional "blaze", stripe, or "star" of white fur on their chest or underside.
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d39e9abf19d0484dae2a9afc6e0f30ef
When a dog has a camouflage pattern on its coat, this is called what?
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[ "countershading" ]
SQuAD
Domestic dogs often display the remnants of countershading, a common natural camouflage pattern. A countershaded animal will have dark coloring on its upper surfaces and light coloring below, which reduces its general visibility. Thus, many breeds will have an occasional "blaze", stripe, or "star" of white fur on their chest or underside.
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5c94c5bd8312442bb0e7f0c6926f6913
A dog with countershading has dark coloring where?
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[ "upper surfaces" ]
SQuAD
Domestic dogs often display the remnants of countershading, a common natural camouflage pattern. A countershaded animal will have dark coloring on its upper surfaces and light coloring below, which reduces its general visibility. Thus, many breeds will have an occasional "blaze", stripe, or "star" of white fur on their chest or underside.
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0ee3edc801954f2a8a160813576f506d
A natural camo pattern is known as what?
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[ "countershading" ]
SQuAD
Domestic dogs often display the remnants of countershading, a common natural camouflage pattern. A countershaded animal will have dark coloring on its upper surfaces and light coloring below, which reduces its general visibility. Thus, many breeds will have an occasional "blaze", stripe, or "star" of white fur on their chest or underside.
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307dee343449412db167d9b790d98b50
What color is on a dogs upper surfaces if it has countershading?
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[ "dark coloring" ]
SQuAD
Domestic dogs often display the remnants of countershading, a common natural camouflage pattern. A countershaded animal will have dark coloring on its upper surfaces and light coloring below, which reduces its general visibility. Thus, many breeds will have an occasional "blaze", stripe, or "star" of white fur on their chest or underside.
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4db7193dd13d4f768028f90a1a8d4ade
What is reduced when a dog has countershading?
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{ "text": [ "visibility" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 218 ], "end": [ 227 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 35 ], "end": [ 35 ] } ] }
[ "visibility" ]
SQuAD
Some breeds of dogs are prone to certain genetic ailments such as elbow and hip dysplasia, blindness, deafness, pulmonic stenosis, cleft palate, and trick knees. Two serious medical conditions particularly affecting dogs are pyometra, affecting unspayed females of all types and ages, and bloat, which affects the larger breeds or deep-chested dogs. Both of these are acute conditions, and can kill rapidly. Dogs are also susceptible to parasites such as fleas, ticks, and mites, as well as hookworms, tapeworms, roundworms, and heartworms.
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b4cb644dd65e4a1c97cbb1183d1da030
What are some dogs prone to?
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{ "text": [ "genetic ailments" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 41 ], "end": [ 56 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 8 ], "end": [ 9 ] } ] }
[ "genetic ailments" ]
SQuAD
Some breeds of dogs are prone to certain genetic ailments such as elbow and hip dysplasia, blindness, deafness, pulmonic stenosis, cleft palate, and trick knees. Two serious medical conditions particularly affecting dogs are pyometra, affecting unspayed females of all types and ages, and bloat, which affects the larger breeds or deep-chested dogs. Both of these are acute conditions, and can kill rapidly. Dogs are also susceptible to parasites such as fleas, ticks, and mites, as well as hookworms, tapeworms, roundworms, and heartworms.
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b83f53dbd8f7455dbd99520dc995f1db
What are all dogs susceptible to?
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{ "text": [ "parasites" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 437 ], "end": [ 445 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 81 ], "end": [ 81 ] } ] }
[ "parasites" ]
SQuAD
Some breeds of dogs are prone to certain genetic ailments such as elbow and hip dysplasia, blindness, deafness, pulmonic stenosis, cleft palate, and trick knees. Two serious medical conditions particularly affecting dogs are pyometra, affecting unspayed females of all types and ages, and bloat, which affects the larger breeds or deep-chested dogs. Both of these are acute conditions, and can kill rapidly. Dogs are also susceptible to parasites such as fleas, ticks, and mites, as well as hookworms, tapeworms, roundworms, and heartworms.
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83de111e498041d899704a123e13fdfa
Pyometra usually affects what type of female dog?
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{ "text": [ "unspayed" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 245 ], "end": [ 252 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 42 ], "end": [ 42 ] } ] }
[ "unspayed" ]
SQuAD
Some breeds of dogs are prone to certain genetic ailments such as elbow and hip dysplasia, blindness, deafness, pulmonic stenosis, cleft palate, and trick knees. Two serious medical conditions particularly affecting dogs are pyometra, affecting unspayed females of all types and ages, and bloat, which affects the larger breeds or deep-chested dogs. Both of these are acute conditions, and can kill rapidly. Dogs are also susceptible to parasites such as fleas, ticks, and mites, as well as hookworms, tapeworms, roundworms, and heartworms.
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1602916adbd142e0bdb38d597770e9de
Who does pyometra affect?
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{ "text": [ "unspayed females" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 245 ], "end": [ 260 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 42 ], "end": [ 43 ] } ] }
[ "unspayed females" ]
SQuAD
Some breeds of dogs are prone to certain genetic ailments such as elbow and hip dysplasia, blindness, deafness, pulmonic stenosis, cleft palate, and trick knees. Two serious medical conditions particularly affecting dogs are pyometra, affecting unspayed females of all types and ages, and bloat, which affects the larger breeds or deep-chested dogs. Both of these are acute conditions, and can kill rapidly. Dogs are also susceptible to parasites such as fleas, ticks, and mites, as well as hookworms, tapeworms, roundworms, and heartworms.
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34501b85ac3f4a6b9d616debd7ea3c02
What are fleas, ticks and mites called?
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[ "parasites" ]
SQuAD
Dog communication is about how dogs "speak" to each other, how they understand messages that humans send to them, and how humans can translate the ideas that dogs are trying to transmit.:xii These communication behaviors include eye gaze, facial expression, vocalization, body posture (including movements of bodies and limbs) and gustatory communication (scents, pheromones and taste). Humans communicate with dogs by using vocalization, hand signals and body posture.
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3a7116a754c84295a30c764b0e7d0d9d
What is gustatory communication include in dogs?
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[ "scents, pheromones and taste" ]
SQuAD
Dog communication is about how dogs "speak" to each other, how they understand messages that humans send to them, and how humans can translate the ideas that dogs are trying to transmit.:xii These communication behaviors include eye gaze, facial expression, vocalization, body posture (including movements of bodies and limbs) and gustatory communication (scents, pheromones and taste). Humans communicate with dogs by using vocalization, hand signals and body posture.
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feff3cd7c7f940679b6d0c130846f7a2
People communicate with dogs by voice commands, body language or posture and what else?
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[ "hand signals" ]
SQuAD
Dog communication is about how dogs "speak" to each other, how they understand messages that humans send to them, and how humans can translate the ideas that dogs are trying to transmit.:xii These communication behaviors include eye gaze, facial expression, vocalization, body posture (including movements of bodies and limbs) and gustatory communication (scents, pheromones and taste). Humans communicate with dogs by using vocalization, hand signals and body posture.
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fb758f50d7714d5c91c97ab289a9b2ce
Eye gaze, vocalization and body posture are examples of what?
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{ "text": [ "Dog communication" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 0 ], "end": [ 16 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 0 ], "end": [ 1 ] } ] }
[ "Dog communication" ]
SQuAD
Dog communication is about how dogs "speak" to each other, how they understand messages that humans send to them, and how humans can translate the ideas that dogs are trying to transmit.:xii These communication behaviors include eye gaze, facial expression, vocalization, body posture (including movements of bodies and limbs) and gustatory communication (scents, pheromones and taste). Humans communicate with dogs by using vocalization, hand signals and body posture.
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ed3a7b0b1a724076bc0aaeb3f2d244c1
In addition to vocalization and body posture, how do people communicate with dogs?
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[ "hand signals" ]
SQuAD
Dogs bear their litters roughly 58 to 68 days after fertilization, with an average of 63 days, although the length of gestation can vary. An average litter consists of about six puppies, though this number may vary widely based on the breed of dog. In general, toy dogs produce from one to four puppies in each litter, while much larger breeds may average as many as twelve.
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987638b19f294f07a2eeac97de90200b
How long do female dogs carry before delivering puppies?
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{ "text": [ "58 to 68 days" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 32 ], "end": [ 44 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 5 ], "end": [ 8 ] } ] }
[ "58 to 68 days" ]
SQuAD
Dogs bear their litters roughly 58 to 68 days after fertilization, with an average of 63 days, although the length of gestation can vary. An average litter consists of about six puppies, though this number may vary widely based on the breed of dog. In general, toy dogs produce from one to four puppies in each litter, while much larger breeds may average as many as twelve.
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ffb3e2b4e3a54e60b4c6f903f77f06be
What is the average length of dog pregnancy?
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{ "text": [ "63 days" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 86 ], "end": [ 92 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 16 ], "end": [ 17 ] } ] }
[ "63 days" ]
SQuAD
Dogs bear their litters roughly 58 to 68 days after fertilization, with an average of 63 days, although the length of gestation can vary. An average litter consists of about six puppies, though this number may vary widely based on the breed of dog. In general, toy dogs produce from one to four puppies in each litter, while much larger breeds may average as many as twelve.
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470fe9fb0a764973a67dca023c303d7f
What is the average number of pups in a litter?
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{ "text": [ "about six" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 168 ], "end": [ 176 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 32 ], "end": [ 33 ] } ] }
[ "about six" ]
SQuAD
Dogs bear their litters roughly 58 to 68 days after fertilization, with an average of 63 days, although the length of gestation can vary. An average litter consists of about six puppies, though this number may vary widely based on the breed of dog. In general, toy dogs produce from one to four puppies in each litter, while much larger breeds may average as many as twelve.
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86eb23f84bca468ca8c9e49bf930ff92
For small dogs, what is the average number of pups in a litter?
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{ "text": [ "one to four" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 283 ], "end": [ 293 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 56 ], "end": [ 58 ] } ] }
[ "one to four" ]
SQuAD
Dogs bear their litters roughly 58 to 68 days after fertilization, with an average of 63 days, although the length of gestation can vary. An average litter consists of about six puppies, though this number may vary widely based on the breed of dog. In general, toy dogs produce from one to four puppies in each litter, while much larger breeds may average as many as twelve.
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5564c20d999e441c890e2015a28a2f08
What is the average for a dog to bear her litter?
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{ "text": [ "63 days" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 86 ], "end": [ 92 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 16 ], "end": [ 17 ] } ] }
[ "63 days" ]
SQuAD
Dogs bear their litters roughly 58 to 68 days after fertilization, with an average of 63 days, although the length of gestation can vary. An average litter consists of about six puppies, though this number may vary widely based on the breed of dog. In general, toy dogs produce from one to four puppies in each litter, while much larger breeds may average as many as twelve.
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bdaf24ce4cec47ea9f820c2318823726
What is the average number of pups per litter?
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{ "text": [ "six" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 174 ], "end": [ 176 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 33 ], "end": [ 33 ] } ] }
[ "six" ]
SQuAD
Dogs bear their litters roughly 58 to 68 days after fertilization, with an average of 63 days, although the length of gestation can vary. An average litter consists of about six puppies, though this number may vary widely based on the breed of dog. In general, toy dogs produce from one to four puppies in each litter, while much larger breeds may average as many as twelve.
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edc489f24644438d8e511d3bb2a028f9
Smaller dogs tend to have how many pups per litter?
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[ "one to four" ]
SQuAD
American Idol has traditionally released studio recordings of contestants' performances as well as the winner's coronation single for sale. For the first five seasons, the recordings were released as a compilation album at the end of the season. All five of these albums reached the top ten in Billboard 200 which made then American Idol the most successful soundtrack franchise of any motion picture or television program. Starting late in season five, individual performances were released during the season as digital downloads, initially from the American Idol official website only. In season seven the live performances and studio recordings were made available during the season from iTunes when it joined as a sponsor. In Season ten the weekly studio recordings were also released as compilation digital album straight after performance night.
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0bc3c14f07f14b24b20412f7ff14a37a
When did iTunes become a sponsor on American Idol?
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{ "text": [ "season seven" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 591 ], "end": [ 602 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 100 ], "end": [ 101 ] } ] }
[ "season seven" ]
SQuAD
American Idol has traditionally released studio recordings of contestants' performances as well as the winner's coronation single for sale. For the first five seasons, the recordings were released as a compilation album at the end of the season. All five of these albums reached the top ten in Billboard 200 which made then American Idol the most successful soundtrack franchise of any motion picture or television program. Starting late in season five, individual performances were released during the season as digital downloads, initially from the American Idol official website only. In season seven the live performances and studio recordings were made available during the season from iTunes when it joined as a sponsor. In Season ten the weekly studio recordings were also released as compilation digital album straight after performance night.
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f32be9fd6785499eaec7e916a00d7aa0
For how many seasons did American Idol put out a compilation of hits at seasons end?
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{ "text": [ "five" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 154 ], "end": [ 157 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 25 ], "end": [ 25 ] } ] }
[ "five" ]
SQuAD
American Idol has traditionally released studio recordings of contestants' performances as well as the winner's coronation single for sale. For the first five seasons, the recordings were released as a compilation album at the end of the season. All five of these albums reached the top ten in Billboard 200 which made then American Idol the most successful soundtrack franchise of any motion picture or television program. Starting late in season five, individual performances were released during the season as digital downloads, initially from the American Idol official website only. In season seven the live performances and studio recordings were made available during the season from iTunes when it joined as a sponsor. In Season ten the weekly studio recordings were also released as compilation digital album straight after performance night.
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9aa65ccdafbd4ba3bf34950423d05c32
What company has released studio recordings from American Idol since season seven?
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{ "text": [ "iTunes" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 691 ], "end": [ 696 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 115 ], "end": [ 115 ] } ] }
[ "iTunes" ]
SQuAD
American Idol has traditionally released studio recordings of contestants' performances as well as the winner's coronation single for sale. For the first five seasons, the recordings were released as a compilation album at the end of the season. All five of these albums reached the top ten in Billboard 200 which made then American Idol the most successful soundtrack franchise of any motion picture or television program. Starting late in season five, individual performances were released during the season as digital downloads, initially from the American Idol official website only. In season seven the live performances and studio recordings were made available during the season from iTunes when it joined as a sponsor. In Season ten the weekly studio recordings were also released as compilation digital album straight after performance night.
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81736caebf7e443a81f8ee8faf76658c
Idol releases both the performances as well as what for sale?
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{ "text": [ "the winner's coronation single" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 99 ], "end": [ 128 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 14 ], "end": [ 18 ] } ] }
[ "the winner's coronation single" ]
SQuAD
American Idol has traditionally released studio recordings of contestants' performances as well as the winner's coronation single for sale. For the first five seasons, the recordings were released as a compilation album at the end of the season. All five of these albums reached the top ten in Billboard 200 which made then American Idol the most successful soundtrack franchise of any motion picture or television program. Starting late in season five, individual performances were released during the season as digital downloads, initially from the American Idol official website only. In season seven the live performances and studio recordings were made available during the season from iTunes when it joined as a sponsor. In Season ten the weekly studio recordings were also released as compilation digital album straight after performance night.
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b6eee03c38064f1fb768196369feb31e
How were the recordings released for the initial five seasons?
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{ "text": [ "as a compilation album" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 197 ], "end": [ 218 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 32 ], "end": [ 35 ] } ] }
[ "as a compilation album" ]
SQuAD
American Idol has traditionally released studio recordings of contestants' performances as well as the winner's coronation single for sale. For the first five seasons, the recordings were released as a compilation album at the end of the season. All five of these albums reached the top ten in Billboard 200 which made then American Idol the most successful soundtrack franchise of any motion picture or television program. Starting late in season five, individual performances were released during the season as digital downloads, initially from the American Idol official website only. In season seven the live performances and studio recordings were made available during the season from iTunes when it joined as a sponsor. In Season ten the weekly studio recordings were also released as compilation digital album straight after performance night.
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9b122f26227d41f085d78be7d14c662c
Because all five were in the top ten of Billboard's charts, this made Idol what?
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[ "the most successful soundtrack franchise" ]
SQuAD
American Idol has traditionally released studio recordings of contestants' performances as well as the winner's coronation single for sale. For the first five seasons, the recordings were released as a compilation album at the end of the season. All five of these albums reached the top ten in Billboard 200 which made then American Idol the most successful soundtrack franchise of any motion picture or television program. Starting late in season five, individual performances were released during the season as digital downloads, initially from the American Idol official website only. In season seven the live performances and studio recordings were made available during the season from iTunes when it joined as a sponsor. In Season ten the weekly studio recordings were also released as compilation digital album straight after performance night.
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116cdf849da74afb8681540f0bfa25ae
Who joined Idol as a sponsor in season seven?
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[ "iTunes" ]
SQuAD
In 2003, the ICZN ruled in its Opinion 2027 that if wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species, then the scientific name of that species is the scientific name of the wild animal. In 2005, the third edition of Mammal Species of the World upheld Opinion 2027 with the name Lupus and the note: "Includes the domestic dog as a subspecies, with the dingo provisionally separate - artificial variants created by domestication and selective breeding". However, Canis familiaris is sometimes used due to an ongoing nomenclature debate because wild and domestic animals are separately recognizable entities and that the ICZN allowed users a choice as to which name they could use, and a number of internationally recognized researchers prefer to use Canis familiaris.
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b37a5de6ae53439a929ed19be5eb7635
What year was it decided that if wolves and dogs were one species, then their scientific name is the name of the wild variety?
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[ "2003" ]
SQuAD
In 2003, the ICZN ruled in its Opinion 2027 that if wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species, then the scientific name of that species is the scientific name of the wild animal. In 2005, the third edition of Mammal Species of the World upheld Opinion 2027 with the name Lupus and the note: "Includes the domestic dog as a subspecies, with the dingo provisionally separate - artificial variants created by domestication and selective breeding". However, Canis familiaris is sometimes used due to an ongoing nomenclature debate because wild and domestic animals are separately recognizable entities and that the ICZN allowed users a choice as to which name they could use, and a number of internationally recognized researchers prefer to use Canis familiaris.
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4732f69f438246f78638f1f97ba3904a
What 2005 publication in its third edition kept to that ruling?
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{ "text": [ "Mammal Species of the World" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 243 ], "end": [ 269 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 47 ], "end": [ 51 ] } ] }
[ "Mammal Species of the World" ]
SQuAD
In 2003, the ICZN ruled in its Opinion 2027 that if wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species, then the scientific name of that species is the scientific name of the wild animal. In 2005, the third edition of Mammal Species of the World upheld Opinion 2027 with the name Lupus and the note: "Includes the domestic dog as a subspecies, with the dingo provisionally separate - artificial variants created by domestication and selective breeding". However, Canis familiaris is sometimes used due to an ongoing nomenclature debate because wild and domestic animals are separately recognizable entities and that the ICZN allowed users a choice as to which name they could use, and a number of internationally recognized researchers prefer to use Canis familiaris.
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7b468ca266c144479b0dc0d7750c8ece
What Latin dog term is still used because wild and domesticated dogs are recognizably different?
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{ "text": [ "Canis familiaris." ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 775 ], "end": [ 791 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 136 ], "end": [ 138 ] } ] }
[ "Canis familiaris." ]
SQuAD
In 2003, the ICZN ruled in its Opinion 2027 that if wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species, then the scientific name of that species is the scientific name of the wild animal. In 2005, the third edition of Mammal Species of the World upheld Opinion 2027 with the name Lupus and the note: "Includes the domestic dog as a subspecies, with the dingo provisionally separate - artificial variants created by domestication and selective breeding". However, Canis familiaris is sometimes used due to an ongoing nomenclature debate because wild and domestic animals are separately recognizable entities and that the ICZN allowed users a choice as to which name they could use, and a number of internationally recognized researchers prefer to use Canis familiaris.
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1b0084c07d6649cfabb2da81253c1176
What official body recognizes both Canis lupus and Canis familiaris?
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{ "text": [ "ICZN" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 13 ], "end": [ 16 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 4 ], "end": [ 4 ] } ] }
[ "ICZN" ]