hypothesis
stringclasses 80
values | target
stringclasses 40
values | stance
int64 -1
1
| premise
stringlengths 19
223
| validated_stance
int64 -1
1
| validation_source
stringclasses 1
value | entailment
int64 0
1
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
|
burning the flag
| -1 |
Burning the flag is a form of symbolic speech subject to protection under the First Amendment
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
|
burning the flag
| -1 |
Symbolic speech is recognized as being protected under the First Amendment as a form of speech
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
|
burning the flag
| -1 |
there is a constitutional right to make one's speech as effective as possible
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
|
burning the flag
| -1 |
Flag burning is a form of free speech
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
|
burning the flag
| -1 |
freedom of expression by non-speech means is commonly thought to be protected under the First Amendment
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
|
burning the flag
| 1 |
burning the flag is a very offensive gesture that deserves to be formally outlawed
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
|
burning the flag
| -1 |
Americans oppose amending the constitution to outlaw flag burning
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
|
burning the flag
| -1 |
Americans oppose a flag desecration amendment
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
|
burning the flag
| -1 |
Flag burning is constitutionally-protected free speech
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
|
burning the flag
| -1 |
Flag burning is protected speech under the First Amendment to the United States Constitution
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
|
burning the flag
| -1 |
the First Amendment protects such activity as symbolic speech
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
|
burning the flag
| -1 |
The First Amendment's protection does not end at the spoken or written word
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
|
burning the flag
| 1 |
States have a compelling interest in preserving a venerated national symbol
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
|
burning the flag
| 1 |
Desecration of the flag impugns its value as such a unique national symbol
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
|
burning the flag
| 1 |
the "uniqueness" of the flag "justifies a governmental prohibition against flag burning
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
|
burning the flag
| 1 |
laws against flag-burning are constitutional
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
|
burning the flag
| 1 |
flag-burning is not constitutionally protected
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
|
burning the flag
| 1 |
The flag's status as a special emblem of nationality entitles it to additional protections
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports prohibiting burning the flag
|
burning the flag
| 1 |
the nature of the flag entitles it to more protection under the law, rather than less
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| -1 |
Choosing to be childfree is both difficult and undesirable
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| 1 |
It is immoral to create children
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| 1 |
one can make a greater contribution to humanity through one's work than through having children
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| 1 |
it is inherently immoral to bring people into the world
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| 1 |
one may generally wish to spare a potential child from the suffering of life
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| -1 |
Being childless is considered bizarre
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| -1 |
raising children is a very important activity
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| -1 |
Having children is such a positive contribution to the world
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| -1 |
by avoiding reproduction for ethical reasons the childfree will only aid deterioration of concern for the environment and future generations
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| -1 |
there ought to be a higher rate of population growth than what is currently mainstream
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| 1 |
That trouble and pain which the parents undergo on the birth of their children cannot be compensated even in a hundred years
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| 1 |
the birth of a new person always entails nontrivial harm to that person
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| 1 |
there is a moral imperative not to procreate
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| 1 |
a decrease in the human population would prevent a significant amount of man-made human suffering
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| 1 |
Human extinction is the best solution to the problems facing the Earth's biosphere and humanity
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| 1 |
the extinction of humanity would be the best solution to the Earth's environmental problems
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| 1 |
the best thing for Earth's biosphere is for humans to voluntarily cease reproducing
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| 1 |
Voluntary human extinction will prevent human suffering and the extinction of other species
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| 1 |
non-reproduction would eventually allow humans to lead idyllic lifestyles
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| 1 |
procreation today is de facto child abuse
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| 1 |
the standard of human life will worsen if resources are consumed by a growing population
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| 1 |
attempting to reduce the Earth's population is the only moral option
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| -1 |
having children is frequently viewed as a measure of success
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| 1 |
voluntary human extinction is advisable due to limited resources
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| -1 |
The effects of a declining population can be adverse for an economy
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| -1 |
economic growth requires population growth
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| -1 |
economic growth is impossible during a population decline
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| -1 |
avoidance from conceiving a child when there are prerequisites for raising it is comparable to causing the death of one
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| -1 |
the decision not to procreate at all could be regarded as immoral
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| -1 |
when good people stop having kids, society fails
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports never having children
|
having children
| 1 |
the best thing for a man is not to be born
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
A large dam can cause the loss of entire ecospheres
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
dam construction requires the state to displace individual people
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Dam construction often leads to abuses of the masses by planners
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
people worldwide have been physically displaced from their homes as a result of dam construction
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Hydroelectric generation can be vulnerable to major changes in the climate
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Dam failures are generally catastrophic
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
adverse environmental and sociological impacts have been identified during and after many reservoir constructions
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
The reservoir waters spill out into the surrounding environments, flooding the natural habitats that existed before the dam’s construction
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Reservoirs can also contribute to greenhouse gas emissions
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
The construction of a dam blocks the flow of sediment downstream, leading to downstream erosion
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
reservoirs can become breeding grounds for disease vectors
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Dams and the creation of reservoirs also require relocation of potentially large human populations
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Reservoirs may contribute to changes in the Earth's climate
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Traditional hydro dams store enormous quantities of water in reservoirs, necessitating the flooding of large tracts of land
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
The construction of large dams entails many tangible and intangible costs
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Resettlement adds to the social costs of the dams
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Environmental costs are imposed on communities living downstream of the dams
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
reliance on hydropower makes electricity generation vulnerable to droughts
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
dams are not likely to generate a large financial rate of return
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
People would have to be resettled to make room for dams and reservoirs
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Hydropower generation is vulnerable to droughts
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Reservoir failures can generate huge increases in flow down a river valley with the potential to wash away towns and villages and cause considerable loss of life
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Hydroelectric reservoirs release a large pulse of carbon dioxide
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
greenhouse gas emissions from the reservoir could be higher than those of a conventional oil-fired thermal generation plant
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Dams can also flood various ecosystems on land and may cause extinctions
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Dams can severely reduce the amount of water reaching countries downstream of them, causing water stress between the countries
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Farms and villages can be flooded by the creation of reservoirs, ruining many livelihoods
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Dam failures can cause immense damage and loss of life
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Damming can harm local ecosystems
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
building large dams and reservoirs often involves displacing people and wildlife
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Large reservoirs required for the operation of hydroelectric power stations result in submersion of extensive areas upstream of the dams, destroying biologically rich and productive lowland
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
reservoirs cause habitat fragmentation of surrounding areas
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Hydroelectric projects can be disruptive to surrounding aquatic ecosystems
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
greenhouse gas emissions from the reservoir may be higher than those of a conventional oil-fired thermal generation plant
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Another disadvantage of hydroelectric dams is the need to relocate the people living where the reservoirs are planned
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
people worldwide had been physically displaced as a direct result of dam construction
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Dam failures have been some of the largest man-made disasters in history
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Dams are tempting industrial targets for wartime attack
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Disadvantages of hydroelectricity systems include: dislocation of people living where the reservoirs are planned
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Hydro-energy and large dams may not be considered "clean" nor "renewable" sources of electricity
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
there are several significant social and environmental disadvantages of large-scale hydroelectric power systems
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
The natural flow of silt down the river will be interrupted, affecting downstream ecosystems
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
The filling of large reservoirs can induce earth tremors, which may be large enough to be objectionable or destructive
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
A large dam can endanger ecosystems by restricting the motion of marine animals
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Hydropower can be intermittent
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Many plants do not have enough water to operate anywhere near their full capacity on a continuous basis
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
The construction of new hydroelectric power plants means environmental impacts as large areas need to be flooded, altering the ecosystem
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
New dams mean very elevated social and environmental costs
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports building hydroelectric dams
|
hydroelectric dams
| -1 |
Large hydroelectric power plants flooding immense forest areas emit large amounts of methane to the atmosphere
| -1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 1 |
The author of this text supports the use of truth and reconciliation commissions
|
the use of truth and reconciliation commissions
| 1 |
Truth and reconciliation commissions can provide proof against historical revisionism of state terrorism and other crimes and human rights abuses
| 1 |
gpt-4o-2024-05-13
| 0 |
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