manu/mldr-zoomed-100char-total-queries-documents

chunk_id stringlengths 3 9	chunk stringlengths 1 100
9821_391	PETA called David Haye: Vegan for Animals.
9821_392	Honours
9821_393	Haye was selected for the final 10 shortlist for the 2010 BBC Sports Personality of the Year Award
9821_394	for his performances against John Ruiz and Audley Harrison.
9821_395	Professional boxing record Exhibition boxing record Television viewership International
9821_396	Germany UK pay-per-view bouts
9821_397	See also List of world cruiserweight boxing champions List of world heavyweight boxing champions
9821_398	List of WBA world champions List of WBC world champions List of WBO world champions
9821_399	List of The Ring world champions
9821_400	References External links David Haye profile at Cyber Boxing Zone
9821_401	1980 births English people of Jamaican descent English male boxers Black British sportspeople
9821_402	People from Bermondsey Boxers from Greater London World Boxing Association champions
9821_403	World Boxing Council champions World Boxing Organization champions
9821_404	World cruiserweight boxing champions Boxers at the 2002 Commonwealth Games
9821_405	Commonwealth Games competitors for England Living people World heavyweight boxing champions
9821_406	AIBA World Boxing Championships medalists The Ring (magazine) champions Light-heavyweight boxers
9821_407	I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (British TV series) participants
9821_408	People educated at Bacon's College
9822_0	Thomas Clarkson (28 March 1760 – 26 September 1846) was an English abolitionist, and a leading
9822_1	campaigner against the slave trade in the British Empire. He helped found The Society for Effecting
9822_2	the Abolition of the Slave Trade (also known as the Society for the Abolition of the Slave Trade)
9822_3	and helped achieve passage of the Slave Trade Act 1807, which ended British trade in slaves.
9822_4	He became a pacifist in 1816 and, together with his brother John, was among the twelve founders of
9822_5	the Society for the Promotion of Permanent and Universal Peace.
9822_6	In his later years, Clarkson campaigned for the abolition of slavery worldwide; it was then
9822_7	concentrated in the Americas. In 1840, he was the key speaker at the Anti-Slavery Society's (today
9822_8	known as Anti-Slavery International) first conference in London which campaigned to end slavery in
9822_9	other countries.
9822_10	Early life and education
9822_11	Clarkson was the eldest son of the Reverend John Clarkson (1710–1766), a Church of England priest
9822_12	and master of Wisbech Grammar School and his wife Anne née Ward (died 1799). He was baptised on 26
9822_13	May 1760 at the Parish Church of St Peter and St Paul, Wisbech.
9822_14	His siblings were John (born 1764) and Anne. Both boys attended Wisbech Grammar School, Hill Street
9822_15	where the family lived. After the death of his father the family moved into a house on Bridge
9822_16	Street which is now marked by a blue plaque. Thomas went on to St Paul's School in London in 1775,
9822_17	where he obtained an exhibition. He entered St John's College, Cambridge in 1779. An excellent
9822_18	student, he appears to have enjoyed his time at the University of Cambridge, although he was a
9822_19	serious, devout man. He received his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1783 and was set to continue at
9822_20	Cambridge to follow in his father's footsteps and enter the Anglican ministry. He was ordained a
9822_21	deacon but never proceeded to priest's orders.
9822_22	Revelation of the horrors of slavery
9822_23	In 1785 Clarkson entered a Latin essay competition at the university that was to set him on the
9822_24	course for most of the remainder of his life. The topic of the essay, set by university
9822_25	vice-chancellor Peter Peckard, was Anne liceat invitos in servitutem dare ("is it lawful to make
9822_26	slaves of others against their will?"), and it led Clarkson to consider the question of the slave
9822_27	trade. He read everything he could on the subject, including the works of Anthony Benezet, a Quaker
9822_28	abolitionist, as well as first hand accounts of the African slave trade such as Francis Moore's
9822_29	Travels into the Interior Parts of Africa. He also researched the topic by meeting and interviewing
9822_30	those who had personal experience of the slave trade and of slavery.
9822_31	After winning the prize, Clarkson had what he called a spiritual revelation from God as he
9822_32	travelled by horse between Cambridge and London. He broke his journey at Wadesmill, near Ware,
9822_33	Hertfordshire. He later wrote:
9822_34	As it is usual to read these essays publicly in the senate-house soon after the prize is adjudged,
9822_35	I was called to Cambridge for this purpose. I went and performed my office. On returning however to
9822_36	London, the subject of it almost wholly engrossed my thoughts. I became at times very seriously
9822_37	affected while upon the road. I stopped my horse occasionally, and dismounted and walked. I
9822_38	frequently tried to persuade myself in these intervals that the contents of my Essay could not be
9822_39	true. The more however I reflected upon them, or rather upon the authorities on which they were
9822_40	founded, the more I gave them credit. Coming in sight of Wades Mill in Hertfordshire, I sat down
9822_41	disconsolate on the turf by the roadside and held my horse. Here a thought came into my mind, that
9822_42	if the contents of the Essay were true, it was time some person should see these calamities to
9822_43	their end. Agitated in this manner I reached home. This was in the summer of 1785.
9822_44	This experience and sense of calling ultimately led him to devote his life to abolishing the slave
9822_45	trade.
9822_46	Having translated the essay into English so that it could gain a wider audience, Clarkson published
9822_47	it in pamphlet form in 1786 as An essay on the slavery and commerce of the human species,
9822_48	particularly the African, translated from a Latin Dissertation.
9822_49	The essay was influential, resulting in Clarkson's being introduced to many others who were
9822_50	sympathetic to abolition, some of whom had already published and campaigned against slavery. These
9822_51	included influential men such as James Ramsay and Granville Sharp, many Quakers, and other
9822_52	nonconformists. The movement had been gathering strength for some years, having been founded by
9822_53	Quakers both in Britain and in the United States, with support from other nonconformists, primarily
9822_54	Methodists and Baptists, on both sides of the Atlantic. In 1783, 300 Quakers, chiefly from the
9822_55	London area, presented Parliament with their signatures on the first petition against the slave
9822_56	trade.
9822_57	Following this step, a small offshoot group formed the Committee for the Abolition of the Slave
9822_58	Trade, a small non-denominational group that could lobby more successfully by incorporating
9822_59	Anglicans. Under the Test Act, only those prepared to receive the sacrament of the Lord's Supper
9822_60	according to the rites of the Church of England were permitted to serve as MPs, thus Quakers were
9822_61	generally barred from the House of Commons until the early nineteenth century. The twelve founding
9822_62	members included nine Quakers, and three pioneering Anglicans: Clarkson, Granville Sharp, and
9822_63	Philip Sansom. They were sympathetic to the religious revival that had predominantly nonconformist
9822_64	origins, but which sought wider non-denominational support for a "Great Awakening" amongst
9822_65	believers.
9822_66	Anti-slavery campaign
9822_67	Encouraged by publication of Clarkson's essay, an informal committee was set up between small
9822_68	groups from the petitioning Quakers, Clarkson and others, with the goal of lobbying members of
9822_69	parliament (MPs). In May 1787, they formed the Committee for the Abolition of the Slave Trade. The
9822_70	Committee included Granville Sharp as chairman and Josiah Wedgwood, as well as Clarkson. Clarkson
9822_71	also approached the young William Wilberforce, who as an Anglican and an MP was connected within
9822_72	the British Parliament. Wilberforce was one of few parliamentarians to have had sympathy with the
9822_73	Quaker petition; he had already put a question about the slave trade before the House of Commons,
9822_74	and became known as one of the earliest Anglican abolitionists.
9822_75	Clarkson took a leading part in the affairs of the Committee for the Abolition of the Slave Trade,
9822_76	and was tasked to collect evidence to support the abolition of the slave trade. He faced strong
9822_77	opposition from supporters of the trade in some of the cities he visited. The slave traders were an
9822_78	influential group because the trade was a legitimate and highly lucrative business, generating
9822_79	prosperity for many of the ports.
9822_80	Liverpool was a major base of slave-trading syndicates and home port for their ships. In 1787,
9822_81	Clarkson was attacked and nearly killed when visiting the city, as a gang of sailors was paid to

9821_391

PETA called David Haye: Vegan for Animals.

9821_392

Honours

9821_393

Haye was selected for the final 10 shortlist for the 2010 BBC Sports Personality of the Year Award

9821_394

for his performances against John Ruiz and Audley Harrison.

9821_395

Professional boxing record Exhibition boxing record Television viewership International

9821_396

Germany UK pay-per-view bouts

9821_397

See also List of world cruiserweight boxing champions List of world heavyweight boxing champions

9821_398

List of WBA world champions List of WBC world champions List of WBO world champions

9821_399

List of The Ring world champions

9821_400

References External links David Haye profile at Cyber Boxing Zone

9821_401

1980 births English people of Jamaican descent English male boxers Black British sportspeople

9821_402

People from Bermondsey Boxers from Greater London World Boxing Association champions

9821_403

World Boxing Council champions World Boxing Organization champions

9821_404

World cruiserweight boxing champions Boxers at the 2002 Commonwealth Games

9821_405

Commonwealth Games competitors for England Living people World heavyweight boxing champions

9821_406

AIBA World Boxing Championships medalists The Ring (magazine) champions Light-heavyweight boxers

9821_407

I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (British TV series) participants

9821_408

People educated at Bacon's College

9822_0

Thomas Clarkson (28 March 1760 – 26 September 1846) was an English abolitionist, and a leading

9822_1

campaigner against the slave trade in the British Empire. He helped found The Society for Effecting

9822_2

the Abolition of the Slave Trade (also known as the Society for the Abolition of the Slave Trade)

9822_3

and helped achieve passage of the Slave Trade Act 1807, which ended British trade in slaves.

9822_4

He became a pacifist in 1816 and, together with his brother John, was among the twelve founders of

9822_5

the Society for the Promotion of Permanent and Universal Peace.

9822_6

In his later years, Clarkson campaigned for the abolition of slavery worldwide; it was then

9822_7

concentrated in the Americas. In 1840, he was the key speaker at the Anti-Slavery Society's (today

9822_8

known as Anti-Slavery International) first conference in London which campaigned to end slavery in

9822_9

other countries.

9822_10

Early life and education

9822_11

Clarkson was the eldest son of the Reverend John Clarkson (1710–1766), a Church of England priest

9822_12

and master of Wisbech Grammar School and his wife Anne née Ward (died 1799). He was baptised on 26

9822_13

May 1760 at the Parish Church of St Peter and St Paul, Wisbech.

9822_14

His siblings were John (born 1764) and Anne. Both boys attended Wisbech Grammar School, Hill Street

9822_15

where the family lived. After the death of his father the family moved into a house on Bridge

9822_16

Street which is now marked by a blue plaque. Thomas went on to St Paul's School in London in 1775,

9822_17

where he obtained an exhibition. He entered St John's College, Cambridge in 1779. An excellent

9822_18

student, he appears to have enjoyed his time at the University of Cambridge, although he was a

9822_19

serious, devout man. He received his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1783 and was set to continue at

9822_20

Cambridge to follow in his father's footsteps and enter the Anglican ministry. He was ordained a

9822_21

deacon but never proceeded to priest's orders.

9822_22

Revelation of the horrors of slavery

9822_23

In 1785 Clarkson entered a Latin essay competition at the university that was to set him on the

9822_24

course for most of the remainder of his life. The topic of the essay, set by university

9822_25

vice-chancellor Peter Peckard, was Anne liceat invitos in servitutem dare ("is it lawful to make

9822_26

slaves of others against their will?"), and it led Clarkson to consider the question of the slave

9822_27

trade. He read everything he could on the subject, including the works of Anthony Benezet, a Quaker

9822_28

abolitionist, as well as first hand accounts of the African slave trade such as Francis Moore's

9822_29

Travels into the Interior Parts of Africa. He also researched the topic by meeting and interviewing

9822_30

those who had personal experience of the slave trade and of slavery.

9822_31

After winning the prize, Clarkson had what he called a spiritual revelation from God as he

9822_32

travelled by horse between Cambridge and London. He broke his journey at Wadesmill, near Ware,

9822_33

Hertfordshire. He later wrote:

9822_34

As it is usual to read these essays publicly in the senate-house soon after the prize is adjudged,

9822_35

I was called to Cambridge for this purpose. I went and performed my office. On returning however to

9822_36

London, the subject of it almost wholly engrossed my thoughts. I became at times very seriously

9822_37

affected while upon the road. I stopped my horse occasionally, and dismounted and walked. I

9822_38

frequently tried to persuade myself in these intervals that the contents of my Essay could not be

9822_39

true. The more however I reflected upon them, or rather upon the authorities on which they were

9822_40

founded, the more I gave them credit. Coming in sight of Wades Mill in Hertfordshire, I sat down

9822_41

disconsolate on the turf by the roadside and held my horse. Here a thought came into my mind, that

9822_42

if the contents of the Essay were true, it was time some person should see these calamities to

9822_43

their end. Agitated in this manner I reached home. This was in the summer of 1785.

9822_44

This experience and sense of calling ultimately led him to devote his life to abolishing the slave

9822_45

trade.

9822_46

Having translated the essay into English so that it could gain a wider audience, Clarkson published

9822_47

it in pamphlet form in 1786 as An essay on the slavery and commerce of the human species,

9822_48

particularly the African, translated from a Latin Dissertation.

9822_49

The essay was influential, resulting in Clarkson's being introduced to many others who were

9822_50

sympathetic to abolition, some of whom had already published and campaigned against slavery. These

9822_51

included influential men such as James Ramsay and Granville Sharp, many Quakers, and other

9822_52

nonconformists. The movement had been gathering strength for some years, having been founded by

9822_53

Quakers both in Britain and in the United States, with support from other nonconformists, primarily

9822_54

Methodists and Baptists, on both sides of the Atlantic. In 1783, 300 Quakers, chiefly from the

9822_55

London area, presented Parliament with their signatures on the first petition against the slave

9822_56

trade.

9822_57

Following this step, a small offshoot group formed the Committee for the Abolition of the Slave

9822_58

Trade, a small non-denominational group that could lobby more successfully by incorporating

9822_59

Anglicans. Under the Test Act, only those prepared to receive the sacrament of the Lord's Supper

9822_60

according to the rites of the Church of England were permitted to serve as MPs, thus Quakers were

9822_61

generally barred from the House of Commons until the early nineteenth century. The twelve founding

9822_62

members included nine Quakers, and three pioneering Anglicans: Clarkson, Granville Sharp, and

9822_63

Philip Sansom. They were sympathetic to the religious revival that had predominantly nonconformist

9822_64

origins, but which sought wider non-denominational support for a "Great Awakening" amongst

9822_65

believers.

9822_66

Anti-slavery campaign

9822_67

Encouraged by publication of Clarkson's essay, an informal committee was set up between small

9822_68

groups from the petitioning Quakers, Clarkson and others, with the goal of lobbying members of

9822_69

parliament (MPs). In May 1787, they formed the Committee for the Abolition of the Slave Trade. The

9822_70

Committee included Granville Sharp as chairman and Josiah Wedgwood, as well as Clarkson. Clarkson

9822_71

also approached the young William Wilberforce, who as an Anglican and an MP was connected within

9822_72

the British Parliament. Wilberforce was one of few parliamentarians to have had sympathy with the

9822_73

Quaker petition; he had already put a question about the slave trade before the House of Commons,

9822_74

and became known as one of the earliest Anglican abolitionists.

9822_75

Clarkson took a leading part in the affairs of the Committee for the Abolition of the Slave Trade,

9822_76

and was tasked to collect evidence to support the abolition of the slave trade. He faced strong

9822_77

opposition from supporters of the trade in some of the cities he visited. The slave traders were an

9822_78

influential group because the trade was a legitimate and highly lucrative business, generating

9822_79

prosperity for many of the ports.

9822_80

Liverpool was a major base of slave-trading syndicates and home port for their ships. In 1787,

9822_81

Clarkson was attacked and nearly killed when visiting the city, as a gang of sailors was paid to