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325_7 | Standards of professional conduct
Individuals who hold CFP certification agree to abide by a set of documents collectively referred to as CFP Board's Standards of Professional Conduct (the Standards), including a Code of Ethics and Professional Responsibility, Rules of Conduct, Financial Planning Practice Standards and Candidate Fitness Standards.
The CFP Board adopted its first code of ethics in 1986. In 2006, the CFP Board's release of proposed changes to the Standards generated controversy within the financial planning profession by introducing a fiduciary standard of care that was negotiable. Following two public comment periods, the Board adopted a set of revisions that included a non-negotiable fiduciary standard of care for financial planning services |
325_8 | The CFP Board enforces the Standards through a process outlined in its Disciplinary Rules and Procedures. Hearings for cases involving alleged violation of the Standards are held by CFP Board's Disciplinary and Ethics Commission, which can impose discipline where appropriate. Disciplinary actions taken by CFP Board, in order of increasing severity, include private censures, public letters of admonition, suspensions, and permanent revocations.
The Financial Planning Coalition
In December 2008, CFP Board entered into a collaboration with the Financial Planning Association and National Association of Personal Financial Advisors (NAPFA) to create the Financial Planning Coalition with the goal of representing financial planners as the U.S. government works to reform the financial services industry. |
325_9 | CFP Board and the public
In 2006, the Board hosted its first Financial Planning Clinic in the Los Angeles area, allowing participant to attend workshops and hold private consultations with volunteer CFP professionals at no cost. Since 2006, additional Financial Planning Clinics have been held in Boston, Chicago, Detroit, Las Vegas, Miami, Oakland, San Francisco and Washington, D.C.
Certifications, designations and degrees
The CFP mark is a "Board Certification" or professional designation offered to those who meet the requirements for certification and who pass the CFP exam. CFP Board of Standards does not award degrees or a diploma; however, CFP Board works with degree granting educational institutions worldwide. CFP Board has a registered provider system of colleges that offer the financial planning courses. Those registered programs that offer CFP educational courses are listed on CFP Board's website. There is a College for Financial Planning that is a degree granting body. |
325_10 | References
External links
CFP mark
CFP exam.
External links
CFP Board official Website CFP Board
Professional certification in finance
Personal finance
Non-profit organizations based in Washington, D.C.
Organizations established in 1985
501(c)(3) organizations
1985 establishments in the United States |
326_0 | Text Santa was a charity initiative set up in 2011 by ITV to support UK-based charities during the Christmas period. The appeal to the public is to donate money mainly via text donation and profits from merchandise. The telethons have been hosted by popular ITV presenters including Phillip Schofield, Christine Bleakley, and Ant & Dec. The 2015 appeal show was the last after ITV decided to axe the show to make way for an all-year appeal. |
326_1 | Music
The Text Santa 2015 appeal theme music was created by London-based music production company A-MNEMONIC Music Official Website. In previous years, the theme music that was used was created by British composer Leigh Haggerwood of The Florin Street Band, who re-worked his Christmas song "My Favourite Time of Year" especially for the appeal, creating theme and background music along with various other original compositions. The song – with its sweeping string melodies and critically acclaimed Victorian-themed music video has gained worldwide popularity and was recently performed by the United States Army Band in Washington D.C. Leigh Haggerwood is proud of the songs association with the Text Santa campaign and has pledged to support it each year. "My Favourite Time of Year" was not used for the 2015 appeal. |
326_2 | Official single
In 2013, the cast of The Big Reunion released a cover of "I Wish It Could Be Christmas Everyday", with all proceeds going to the Text Santa charities. The single peaked at 21 in the UK singles charts.
Charities
All of the money raised gets split between the charities supported by the appeal. In 2011, there were nine chosen charities, in 2012, 2013 and 2014, there were six and in 2015, there were three.
Overview
Presenters
2011 appeal
The 2011 appeal aired in two parts. The launch show aired on 11 December 2011 and was hosted by Phillip Schofield and Christine Lampard. The main show aired on Christmas Eve (24 December 2011) with Ant & Dec and Holly Willoughby as presenters.
Events
On 27 November 2011, at The Kia Oval Cricket Ground, thousands of people attempted a Guinness World Record for the largest Santa gathering. entertained the participants. However, not enough people turned out for the record attempt of 13,200 Santas. |
326_3 | 2012 appeal
The 2012 telethon aired live on 21 December 2012. The first hour of the telethon was hosted by Ant & Dec, the second by Phillip Schofield and Holly Willoughby and the third by Christine Lampard and Paddy McGuinness, all from The London Studios.
{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center;"
|-
! Show !! Date !! Timeslots !! Presenters
|-
| style="width:150px;"|Text Santa Starts Here!(launch show) || rowspan=5|21-22 December 2012 || style="width:75px;"|18:55–19:00 || rowspan=2|Ant & Dec
|-
| rowspan=3|Main show || 20:00–21:00
|-
| 21:00–22:00 || Phillip SchofieldHolly Willoughby
|-
| 22:00–23:00 || Paddy McGuinnessChristine Lampard
|-
| Text Santa:One More Time(highlights show)''' || 00:00–01:15 || Ant & DecPhillip SchofieldHolly WilloughbyPaddy McGuinness Christine Lampard
|} |
326_4 | Within other shows
A special edition of The Jeremy Kyle Show aired at 09:25 featuring people with many disabilities and talked about how the Text Santa charities helped them and their families get through their difficulties. Kyle treated these people with special trips and featured a guest appearance from Only Boys Aloud.
A special edition of Dickinson's Real Deal from Ilford aired at 15:00 for Text Santa.
A celebrity special of The Chase aired at 17:00 on 21 December for Text Santa, featuring Bradley Walsh as host with contestants Lorraine Kelly, Craig Charles, Jamelia and Dom Joly. Together, they raised £22,000 for the Text Santa charities.
A special edition of Celebrity Juice aired on ITV & UTV at 23:15 and on STV at midnight on 22 December and was once again presented by Keith Lemon, Fearne Cotton and Holly Willoughby with panellists Davina McCall, Louis Smith, Aston Merrygold, Stacey Solomon and Simon Gregson. |
326_5 | Laura Hamilton and Jeff Brazier presented a special 45-minute CITV programme at 16:00 on 21 December called Text Santa: CITV Special. |
326_6 | Events
On 2 December 2012, around 8,500 people took part in a 'Santa Dash' in Liverpool, attempting a Guinness World Record for the largest Santa gathering whilst raising money for Text Santa, however, they didn't break the record of 13,200 santas.
On 6 December 2012, the Biggest Bag Pack Ever took place in 200 Asda stores nationwide, celebrities including Eamonn Holmes and Ruth Langsford helped out in the Watford branch.
eBay auctions took place to raise money for Text Santa, items sold included This Morning's sofa which sold for £1,200 and a tour of the Daybreak studios in London which sold for £510.
2013 appeal
The 2013 telethon aired live on 20 December 2013. The first hour of the telethon was hosted by Ant & Dec, the second by Phillip Schofield and Holly Willoughby, and the third and final hour by Christine Bleakley and Paddy McGuinness, all broadcast live from The London Studios.
Morrisons, Santander and Vodafone were Text Santas official partners for the 2013 appeal. |
326_7 | An official charity single by the cast of The Big Reunion, performing a cover of "I Wish It Could Be Christmas Everyday" was released in December 2013 to raise money for Text Santa. |
326_8 | Within other shows
15p from each vote on the entertainment show Stepping Out, went to the Text Santa charities.This Morning's 'Take a Moment' campaign raised £250,000 for the Text Santa appeal. The total was announced live on This Morning in December 2013 by Ruth Langsford, Andi Peters and Eamonn Holmes.
On 20 December, there was a Text Santa 'takeover' on ITV, with some of the daytime programmes showing donation clips throughout the daytime schedule.
A Text Santa special of The Jeremy Kyle Show aired at 09:25 on 20 December. It starred Jeremy Kyle who gave deserving children a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to visit Lapland.
A Text Santa special of Peter Andre's 60 Minute Makeover aired from Burgess Hill in West Sussex at 14:00 on 20 December, where the team performed a makeover of the lounge at The Cherry Tree Activity Centre, run by the Text Santa charity Age UK.
A Text Santa special of Dickinson's Real Deal aired from Edgbaston in Birmingham at 15:00 on 20 December. |
326_9 | A Text Santa special of Show Me the Telly aired at 16:00 on 20 December. The show, presented by Richard Bacon featured "legends" Chris Tarrant, Simon Gregson and Vanessa Feltz and television critics Boyd Hilton, Ian Hyland and Kevin O'Sullivan who won £3,000 for Text Santa.
A celebrity special of The Chase aired at 17:00 on 20 December, featuring Bradley Walsh as host with celebrity contestants from the ITV News, Matt Barbet, Alastair Stewart, Romilly Weeks and Charlene White. Together, they raised £55,000 for the Text Santa appeal.
Sooty, Sweep, Soo and Richard Cadell with guest stars Andy Akinwolere and Laura Hamilton appeared in a "Make it!" episode of the charity's five minute television appeal "Help with Hattitude" featured the cast of Sooty showing the public how to get involved. It was first shown on the CITV channel on Monday 25 November 2013. |
326_10 | Events
On 5 December 2013, Text Santa broke the Guinness World Record for the largest number of pantomime horses in a race over 100 metres.
eBay auctions took place to raise money for Text Santa, items sold included Phillip Schofield's face made of chocolate.
2014 appeal
In May 2014, it was announced that Text Santa would return for a fourth year in December 2014. The telethon aired live on 19 December 2014, a couple of weeks after the launch show, hosted by Phillip Schofield.
The presenting line-up changed slightly. With Holly Willoughby off on maternity leave, Alesha Dixon joined Paddy McGuinness for a segment of the show, while Phillip Schofield was reunited with his former Dancing on Ice co-host Christine Bleakley. Ant & Dec returned to the show as well. |
326_11 | On 19 December, the first part of Text Santa was hosted by Ant & Dec, the second by Phillip Schofield and Christine Bleakley, and the remainder of the show by Paddy McGuinness and Alesha Dixon. It was broadcast from The London Studios. |
326_12 | Within other shows
15p from each vote on I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!, went to the 2014 Text Santa charities.
A Text Santa special of The Jeremy Kyle Show aired at 09:25 on 19 December. It saw Jeremy Kyle giving deserving children a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to visit Lapland.
A Text Santa special of Peter Andre's 60 Minute Makeover aired from Woodford Green in Essex at 14:00 on 19 December, where the team performed a makeover of the Buddy Hut at Haven House Children's Hospice, which is supported by Text Santa.
On 18 November 2014, a Text Santa edition of Tipping Point was recorded. It featured Good Morning Britain presenters Charlotte Hawkins, Susanna Reid, Andi Peters and Richard Arnold, with normal host Ben Shephard as the host. It was aired on 19 December at 16:00. They raised a combined total of over £13,000 for the Text Santa charities. |
326_13 | There was a Text Santa celebrity special of the game show The Cube, hosted by Phillip Schofield. It aired during the live telethon on 19 December and starred Paddy McGuinness and Alesha Dixon. They were the first ever people to take on The Cube together. Leigh Francis' alter ego Keith Lemon also made a guest appearance as 'The Body' as well as guests The Chuckle Brothers. They won £100,000 for the charities.
Mel B and Warwick Davis guest starred in a Coronation Street sketch.
There was a Birds of a Feather sketch for Text Santa starring regular cast including Lesley Joseph, Linda Robson and Pauline Quirke as well as a guest appearance from Paul O'Grady, playing Santa Claus.
The Downton Abbey sketch for Text Santa guest starred George Clooney, Jeremy Piven and Joanna Lumley. |
326_14 | Events
eBay auctions took place to raise money for Text Santa, items sold included tickets to The X Factor final at Wembley Arena and a set tour of Downton Abbey.Phillip's Live 24-Hour TV MarathonPhillip Schofield presented a live 24-hour long programme on ITV3 for Text Santa. It was broadcast on 1 December through to 2 December 2014 and recorded in Studio 3 at The London Studios.
Phillip's JustGiving page has raised £101,924 for the Text Santa charities.
He also abseiled the tower at The London Studios for Text Santa.
The 24-hour show was nominated for a 2015 Broadcast Digital Award in the category of "Best Sports or Live Event Coverage". |
326_15 | Running order
1 December 2014
11:00 – TV marathon begins, Phillip co-hosts This Morning with Amanda Holden.
12:30 – Phillip is a guest panellist on Loose Women alongside Ruth Langsford, Penny Lancaster and Jane Moore.
13:20 – Phillip travels to ITN with Chris Moyles, and chats to Mary Nightingale on the Mobile Phone.
13:30 – Phillip is given a tour of ITV News office by Mary Nightingale before being interviewed by Steve Scott on the ITV Lunchtime News.
14:10 – Phillip returns to Kent House to have a rehearsal for his national weather forecast with Lucy Verasamy.
14:25 – Phillip sees his Text Santa studio for the first time.
14:30 – Phillip discovers his next big challenge for Text Santa, where he has to abseil down the side of Kent House seeing Chris Moyles, Ruth Langsford, Gemma Collins, Lucy Verasamy, and the This Morning crew in the various offices.
15:30 – Phillip is joined by Penny Lancaster to meet some of the people who Text Santa help. |
326_16 | 16:00 – Phillip is joined by his former Dancing on Ice co-host Christine Bleakley as well as dancers Vincent Simone and Flavia Cacace. There is also an exclusive look at the brand new CITV animation with footballer Frank Lampard.
17:11 – There is a special performance of Always Look On The Bright Side Of Life from Spamalot with Joe Pasquale and Todd Carty.
17:32 – Phillip looks at some fundraising ideas with Myleene Klass and Rav Wilding.
17:45 – Myleene Klass joined Phillip to look at some celebrity outfits the public could bid on to raise money for Text Santa.
18:00 – Phillip is joined by Peter Dickson as they take a train ride along London's South Bank, to the Christmas Market, meeting some of the X Factor finalists along the way as well as Xtra Factor presenter Sarah Jane Crawford, before helping turn the London Eye red, one of the Text Santa colours. |
326_17 | 18:55 – Phillip's live national weather forecast for Text Santa, broadcast live from the Good Morning Britain studio and under guidance from Lucy Verasamy.
19:00 – Phillip is joined by Andi Peters who gives reactions to his Weather Forecast.
19:23 – Phillip is joined in the studio by Patti Clare to talk about the Coronation Street v Emmerdale Netball game and what Coronation Street has in store for Text Santa.
19:28 – Phillip does a live continuity announcement on ITV to Coronation Street.
19:30 – Phillip chats to Mark Labbett, who talks about the Text Santa Quiz night, then he speaks to Linda Robson who talks about one of the Text Santa charities Marie Curie.
19:40 – Michael Ball dropped by to talk to Phillip about his new album.
19:45 – Phillip does a live trail on ITV.
19:49 – Amanda Holden joined Phillip live in the studio in her Pyjamas, to brief him on the following day's This Morning. |
326_18 | 20:00 – There was a world exclusive of George Clooney's cameo in Downton Abbey's Text Santa special.
20:03 – Phillip chats to ITV News Central's Sameena Ali-Khan at Villa Park who is hosting a Text Santa Curry Night.
20:07 – Phillip ordered the food for the I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! curry night.
20:12 – Phillip went live to Ant and Dec in Australia ahead of the latest episode of I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!, then former campmates Ashley Roberts, Christopher Biggins, Kerry Katona, Tony Blackburn, Amy Willerton, Janet Street-Porter and Joe Pasquale arrived to watch the latest episode of I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!.
20:24 – Phillip spoke to Jason Wouhra from East End Foods as he delivered the curry for the I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! curry night. |
326_19 | 20:27 – Phillip does a continuity announcement for I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! on ITV, before he re-joined the former campmates who shared their experiences in the jungle, while they watched the latest episode live, in their own edition of Gogglebox with a curry.
20:59 – During I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!, Phillip took a Skype call from Holly Willoughby.
22:00 – After doing a Continuity announcement for the News At Ten, Phillip chats to Laura Whitmore, Joe Swash, and Rob Beckett on I'm A Celebrity...Get Me Out Of Here Now before he does the Fish Eyes Challenge, and Phillip's hosts his own celebrity pub quiz with celebrities including Wayne Sleep, Chico Slimani, Ashleigh and Pudsey, Liz McClarnon, Heidi Range, Lydia Rose Bright, Ferne McCann, Rav Wilding, Lauren Goodger and Bobby-Cole Norris.
23:15 – Pixie Lott chats to Phillip. |
326_20 | 23:34 – After Phillip made his last continuity announcement on ITV, Phillip's daughters, Ruby and Molly surprised him on Skype, then Pixie Lott gave a special performance.
23:41 – Magician and star of ITV2's Tricked, Ben Hanlin challenges Phillip to walk on glass.
2 December 2014
00:00 – Phillip is joined by Davina McCall who have a midnight feast on the roof of Kent house.
00:30 – Phillip is joined by the cast of Made in Chelsea who are giving the lifts in the Reception of ITV Towers a makeover.
00:40 – Phillip is joined by This Morning agony aunt Denise Robertson, as she answers the dilemmas of some familiar faces.
02:15 – Phillip is joined by the third series of The Great British Bake Off winner John Whaite to make some Hot Chocolate.
02:28 – Ian Wallace, a dream expert joins Phillip to discuss people's dreams.
03:19 – Phillip talks to Olly Mann live on LBC, and then Jenni Falconer before her show on Heart. |
326_21 | 04:00 – Ben Shephard arrives at ITV Towers to speak to Phillip and judge the ITV lifts makeover.
04:26 – Phillip talks to Eamonn Holmes as he gets ready to appear on Sunrise on Sky News.
05:00 – Phillip gets ready to appear on Good Morning Britain06:00-07:30 – Phillip joined the team on Good Morning Britain.
07:30 – Phillip prepares to meet Prime Minister David Cameron
08:00 – Phillip interviewed David Cameron live from the Cabinet Room of 10 Downing Street.
08:30 – Phillip cooks breakfast for Lorraine Kelly and joins her on her show, Lorraine.
10:00 – Phillip starts his rehearsals for This Morning programme.
10:30 – Phillip goes live on This Morning, co-hosting with Amanda Holden.
11:00 – TV marathon ends on ITV's This Morning programme. |
326_22 | 2015 appealText Santa returned to ITV on 18 December 2015, with a new line-up with Stephen Mulhern, Amanda Holden, Caroline Flack and Olly Murs joining the presenting team.
Phillip Schofield, Christine Bleakley, Holly Willoughby, Alesha Dixon and Paddy McGuinness all returned this year. Ant & Dec didn't return to host Text Santa in 2015. The 2015 show was the last ever after Text Santa's cancellation in 2016.
Appeal videos were hosted by Ant & Dec, Bradley Walsh, Julie Walters, Martin Clunes and Myleene Klass. |
326_23 | Within other shows
15p from each vote on I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!, went to the 2015 Text Santa charities.
A Text Santa edition of The Jeremy Kyle Show aired at 09:25 on 18 December 2015.
A Text Santa edition of Judge Rinder aired on 18 December 2015 at 14:00.
A celebrity Text Santa edition of 1000 Heartbeats aired on 18 December 2015 at 15:00. Keith Lemon and Tess Daly took part in the episode and collectively won £7,500 for Text Santa.
A celebrity Text Santa edition of Tipping Point aired on 18 December 2015 at 16:00 with Mark Foster, Tanni Grey-Thompson, Chris Kamara and Bobby George. Together, they raised a combined total of £4,850
A Text Santa celebrity edition of The Chase was recorded in October 2015. The celebrities who took part were Robert Rinder, Brian McFadden, Denise Robertson and Andrea McLean. The chaser was Mark Labbett who beat the contestants. They still took away £6,000 for the Text Santa charities. |
326_24 | Phillip Schofield appeared in Pip Knit on 1 December 2015. It saw him make guest appearances in every ITV show broadcast from 06:00 until 22:30.
The Downton Abbey sketch for Text Santa guest starred Bruce Forsyth, Gordon Ramsay, Gok Wan, Brenda Blethyn, Jim Broadbent, Michelle Keegan and Warwick Davis and aired during the telethon on 18 December.
A special edition of Benidorm for Text Santa starred Joan Collins and aired during the Update show on 25 December.
A Coronation Street sketch aired during the live telethon on 18 December. The special edition guest starred Richard Branson.
A celebrity edition of Ninja Warrior UK aired during the telethon on 18 December. The celebrities who took part were Ryan Thomas, Kimberly Wyatt, Mark Wright, Marvin Humes, Gemma Atkinson, Jayne Torvill, Christopher Dean, Philip Olivier, Louise Hazel, Ugo Monye and Carl Froch. |
326_25 | A special Text Santa edition of Big Star's Little Star called Big Star's Bigger Star aired during the telethon and was presented by Stephen Mulhern. The celebrities who took part were Emma Willis, George Shelley and Jennie McAlpine. |
326_26 | Events
The Knitted ad break was released on the 18th December, prior to Christmas Jumper Day. In Partnership with British Gas, Nationwide, BT, Dreams, DFS and Amazon Prime.
eBay auctions took place to raise money for Text Santa. Items for sale included a Ninja Warrior UK foam finger, signed by the presenters and a VIP Loose Women'' studio experience.
References
2011 British television series debuts
2011 establishments in the United Kingdom
2015 British television series endings
2015 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
British telethons
Christmas organizations
Donation
ITV (TV network) original programming
Organizations established in 2011
Organizations disestablished in 2015
Television series by ITV Studios |
327_0 | John Hume (18 January 19373 August 2020) was an Irish nationalist politician from Northern Ireland, widely regarded as one of the most important figures in the recent political history of Ireland, as one of the architects of the Northern Ireland peace process.
A native of Derry, he was a founding member of the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP), and served as its second leader from 1979 to 2001. He also served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP), and a Member of the UK Parliament (MP), as well as a member of the Northern Ireland Assembly (MLA).
Hume was co-recipient of the 1998 Nobel Peace Prize with David Trimble, and also received both the Gandhi Peace Prize and the Martin Luther King Award. He is the only person to receive the three major peace awards. |
327_1 | In 2012, Pope Benedict XVI made Hume a Knight Commander of the Papal Order of St. Gregory the Great.
He was named "Ireland's Greatest" in a 2010 public poll by Irish national broadcaster RTÉ to find the greatest person in Ireland's history.
Early life and education
Hume was born in 1937 in Derry, the son of Anne (née Doherty) and Samuel Hume. He had a mostly Irish Catholic background; though his great-grandfather was a Presbyterian immigrant into County Donegal from Scotland. Hume was a student at St Columb's College and at St Patrick's College, Maynooth, the leading Catholic seminary in Ireland and a recognised college of the National University of Ireland, where he intended to study for the priesthood. Among his teachers was the future Tomás Cardinal Ó Fiaich, a future Primate of All Ireland. |
327_2 | Hume did not complete his clerical studies but did obtain an M.A. degree in French and history from the college in 1958, and then returned home to his native Derry, where he became a teacher. He was a founding member of the Credit Union movement in the city and was chair of the University for Derry Committee in 1965, an unsuccessful fight to have Northern Ireland's second university established in Derry in the mid-1960s.
Hume became the youngest ever President of the Irish League of Credit Unions at age 27. He served in the role from 1964 to 1968. He once said that "all the things I've been doing, it's the thing I'm proudest of because no movement has done more good for the people of Ireland, north and south, than the credit union movement." |
327_3 | Hume became a leading figure in the civil rights movement in the late 1960s along with people such as Hugh Logue. Hume was a prominent figure in the Derry Citizens' Action Committee. The DCAC was set up in the wake of 5 October 1968 march through Derry which had caused much attention to be drawn towards the situation in Northern Ireland. The purpose of the DCAC was to make use of the publicity surrounding recent events to bring to light grievances in Derry that had been suppressed by the Unionist Government for years. The DCAC, unlike Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA), was aimed specifically at a local campaign, improving the situation in Derry for everyone, and maintaining a peaceful stance. The committee also had a Stewards Association that was there to prevent any violence at marches or sit-downs.
Political career |
327_4 | Hume became an Independent Nationalist member of the Parliament of Northern Ireland in 1969 at the height of the civil rights campaign. He was elected to the Northern Ireland Assembly in 1973, and served as Minister of Commerce in the short-lived power-sharing Executive in 1974. He stood unsuccessfully for the Westminster Parliament for the Londonderry constituency in October 1974, and was elected for Foyle in 1983.
In October 1971 he joined four Westminster MPs in a 48-hour hunger strike to protest at the internment without trial of hundreds of suspected Irish republicans. State papers that have been released under the 30 year rule that an Irish diplomat eight years later in 1979 believed Hume supported the return of internment. |
327_5 | In 1977, Hume challenged a regulation under the Civil Authorities (Special Powers) Act (Northern Ireland) 1922 which allowed any soldier to disperse an assembly of three or more people. The Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland, Lord Lowry, held that the regulation was ultra vires under Section 4 of the Government of Ireland Act 1920 which forbade the Parliament of Northern Ireland to make laws in respect of the army.
A founding member of the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP), he succeeded Gerry Fitt as its leader in 1979. He also served as one of Northern Ireland's three Members of the European Parliament and served on the faculty of Boston College, from which he received an honorary degree in 1995.
Hume was directly involved in secret talks with the British government and Sinn Féin, in an effort to bring Sinn Féin to the discussion table openly. The talks are speculated to have led directly to the Anglo-Irish Agreement in 1985. |
327_6 | The vast majority of unionists rejected the agreement and staged a massive and peaceful public rally in Belfast City Centre to demonstrate their distaste. Many Republicans and nationalists also rejected it, as they had seen it as not going far enough. Hume, however, continued dialogue with both governments and Sinn Féin. The "Hume–Adams process" eventually delivered the 1994 IRA ceasefire which ultimately provided the relatively peaceful backdrop against which the Good Friday agreement was brokered.
Reputation
Hume is credited as being the thinker behind many political developments in Northern Ireland, from the power-sharing Sunningdale Agreement to the Anglo-Irish Agreement and the Belfast Agreement. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998 alongside the then-leader of the Ulster Unionist Party, David Trimble. |
327_7 | When David Trimble became First Minister, it was expected that Hume would take the role of Deputy First Minister, being the leader of the second largest party, the SDLP. Instead, this role was handed to Séamus Mallon, also of the SDLP. Some political journalists cited a bad working relationship between Hume and Trimble, despite the two men collecting the Nobel Prize together.
On his retirement from the SDLP leadership in 2001, Hume was praised across the political divide, even by his long-time opponent, fellow MP and MEP, the Rev. Ian Paisley. Hume held the Tip O'Neill Chair in Peace Studies at the University of Ulster, currently funded by The Ireland Funds.
Retirement |
327_8 | On 4 February 2004, Hume announced his complete retirement from politics and was succeeded by Mark Durkan as SDLP leader. He did not contest the 2004 European election (when his seat was won by Bairbre de Brún of Sinn Féin), nor did he run in the 2005 general election, in which Mark Durkan retained the Foyle constituency for the SDLP. |
327_9 | Hume and his wife, Pat (died 2021), continued to be active in promoting European integration, issues around global poverty and the Credit Union movement. He was also a supporter of the Campaign for the Establishment of a United Nations Parliamentary Assembly, an organisation which campaigns for democratic reformation of the United Nations. In retirement, he continued to speak publicly, including a visit to Seton Hall University in New Jersey in 2005, the first Summer University of Democracy of the Council of Europe (Strasbourg, 10–14 July 2006), and at St Thomas University, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada, on 18 July 2007. A building added to the National University of Ireland, Maynooth, was named after him. Hume held the position of Club President of his local football team, Derry City F.C., which he supported all his life. He was a patron of the children's charity Plan International Ireland. |
327_10 | During his final years Hume suffered from dementia, which first started displaying symptoms in the late 1990s.
Death
Hume died in the early hours of 3 August 2020 at a nursing home in Derry, at the age of 83. On his death, former Labour leader and prime minister Tony Blair said: "John Hume was a political titan; a visionary who refused to believe the future had to be the same as the past." The Dalai Lama said on Twitter: "John Hume's deep conviction in the power of dialogue and negotiations to resolve conflict was unwavering... It was his leadership and his faith in the power of negotiations that enabled the 1998 Good Friday Agreement to be reached. His steady persistence set an example for us all to follow."
See also
List of peace activists |
327_11 | Awards and honours
LL.D. (honoris causa), Boston College, 1995. (one of 44 honorary doctorates Hume was awarded)
LL.D. (honoris causa), University College Galway, 1996
Four Freedoms, Freedom of Speech Medal Recipient, 1996
Golden Doves for Peace Journalistic Prize, 1997
Nobel Prize for Peace (co-recipient), 1998.
Officier de Légion d’Honneur, France, 1999
Martin Luther King Award, 1999
International Gandhi Peace Prize, 2001.
Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement, 2002.
Freedom of two cities; Derry City in 2000 & Cork in 2004.
Honorary D.Litt., St. Thomas University, Fredericton, N.B., 2007
Honorary Patron, University Philosophical Society, Trinity College Dublin, 2007.
Ireland's Greatest (public poll conducted by RTÉ), 2010
Knight of Saint Gregory, 2012 |
327_12 | Further reading
Denis Haughey and Sean Farren, 'John Hume: Irish Peacemaker,' Four Courts Press, Dublin, 2015
John Hume, 'Personal views, politics, peace and reconciliation in Ireland,' Town House, Dublin, 1996.
John Hume, ‘Derry beyond the walls: social and economic aspects of the growth of Derry,' Ulster Historical foundation, Belfast, 2002.
Barry White, 'John Hume: a statesman of the troubles,' Blackstaff, Belfast, 1984
George Drower, 'John Hume: peacemaker,' Gollancz, 1995
George Drower, 'John Hume: man of peace,' Vista, London, 1996
Paul Routledge, 'John Hume: a biography,' Harper-Collins, London, 1997
Gerard Murray, 'John Hume and the SDLP: impact and survival in Northern Ireland,' Irish Academic Press, Dublin, 1998.
Quotes |
327_13 | "Over the years, the barriers of the past—the distrust and prejudices of the past—will be eroded, and a new society will evolve, a new Ireland based on agreement and respect for difference."
"I thought that I had a duty to help those that weren't as lucky as me."
References
External links
including the Nobelprize Lecture on December 10, 1998
Hume's Address to the College Historical Society of Trinity College Dublin, on Northern Ireland
Tip O'Neill Chair in Peace Studies at the University of Ulster |
327_14 | 1937 births
2020 deaths
Knights Commander of the Order of St Gregory the Great
Officiers of the Légion d'honneur
Leaders of the Social Democratic and Labour Party
Cooperative organizers
UK MPs 1983–1987
UK MPs 1987–1992
UK MPs 1992–1997
UK MPs 1997–2001
UK MPs 2001–2005
MEPs for Northern Ireland 1979–1984
MEPs for Northern Ireland 1984–1989
MEPs for Northern Ireland 1989–1994
MEPs for Northern Ireland 1994–1999
MEPs for Northern Ireland 1999–2004
Social Democratic and Labour Party MEPs
Irish people of Scottish descent
Members of the Northern Ireland Forum
Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1969–1973
Members of the Northern Ireland Assembly 1973–1974
Members of the Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention
Northern Ireland MPAs 1982–1986
Northern Ireland MLAs 1998–2003
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for County Londonderry constituencies (since 1922)
Recipients of the Gandhi Peace Prize
Nobel Peace Prize laureates
Nobel laureates from Northern Ireland |
327_15 | Politicians from Derry (city)
People of The Troubles (Northern Ireland)
Alumni of St Patrick's College, Maynooth
Social Democratic and Labour Party MPs (UK)
People educated at St Columb's College
Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland for County Londonderry constituencies
Executive ministers of the 1974 Northern Ireland Assembly
Social Democratic and Labour Party members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland
Social Democratic and Labour Party MLAs
Independent members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland
Recipients of the Four Freedoms Award |
328_0 | Glen Velez (born 1949) is a four-time Grammy winning American percussionist, vocalist, and composer, specializing in frame drums from around the world. He is largely responsible for the increasing popularity of frame drums in the United States and around the world. Velez is married to Loire. |
328_1 | Biography |
328_2 | Of Mexican American ancestry, Velez was born in Dallas and grew up in Texas but moved to New York City in 1967. He began by playing jazz on the drums but soon gravitated to hand drums from around the world (frame drums in particular), seeking out teachers from many different musical traditions. Among the many instruments Velez favors are the Irish bodhrán, the Brazilian pandeiro, the Arabic riq, the North African bendir, and the Azerbaijani ghaval. Although these instruments are similar in construction, they have their own playing techniques. Velez has studied each instrument traditionally, but he has also developed his own cross-cultural musical vocabulary, mixing and adapting techniques from various cultures and developing new ones (such as playing the bodhrán with brushes). He has been influential in the growing international interest in frame drums, and many younger players now use his techniques. He teaches percussion and frame drums at Mannes College of Music and The Juilliard |
328_3 | School. |
328_4 | He also plays other percussion instruments such as the Venezuelan maracas and steel drum, and is skilled at overtone singing and Konnakol.
Velez's compositions are frequently composed for cross-cultural ensembles in which he himself also performs; he is particularly fond of polyrhythm—superimposing different meters simultaneously.
Velez was a longtime member of the Paul Winter Consort and Steve Reich and Musicians. He has also worked with Layne Redmond, Howard Levy, Steve Gorn, Rabih Abou-Khalil, Pat Metheny, Lyle Mays, Marc Cohn, Suzanne Vega, Glen Moore, Malcolm Dalglish, and Jonas Hellborg .
Velez's students include Layne Redmond, Yousif Sheronick, Shane Shanahan, Glen Fittin, Randy Crafton, and N. Scott Robinson, and Taku Hirano.
Discography |
328_5 | As leader
1984 Handdance: Frame Drum Music (Nomad)
1985 Internal Combustion (CMP)
1985 Radio Iceland (Music of the World)
1987 Seven Heaven (CMP)
1989 Assyrian Rose (CMP)
1990 Ramana (Music of the World)
1992 Nafas (ECM)
1993 Songs of Kabir (Interworld)
1994 Border States (Interworld)
1994 Doctrine of Signatures (CMP)
1994 Ettna (Nomad)
1994 Pan Eros (CMP)
1994 Temurá (Nuba)
1996 Rhythmcolor Exotica (Ellipsis Arts)
1998 Rhythms of the Chakras (Sounds True)
2000 Breathing Rhythms (Sounds True)
2000 Kinship (Koch)
2005 Elephant Hotel
2005 Rhythms of Awakening
2008 Rhythms Of The Chakras Volume 2
As sideman
With Steve Reich
1978 Steve Reich: Music for 18 Musicians
1980 Steve Reich: Octet; Music for a Large Ensenble; Violin Phase
1985 Steve Reich: The Desert Music Steve Reich/Michael Tilson Thomas
1986 Steve Reich: Sextet; Six Marimbas
1998 Music for 18 Musicians
2002 Steve Reich: Variations, Six Pianos Etc.
2003 Steve Reich: Drumming |
328_6 | With Paul Winter
1983 Sun Singer
1985 Canyon Consort
1985 Canyon
1985 Concert for the Earth
1987 Earthbeat
1990 Earth: Voices of a Planet
1992 Anthems
1994 Prayer for the Wild Things
1995 Man Who Planted Trees
1993 Solstice Live!
1993 Spanish Angel (Recorded Live in Spain)
2005 Silver Solstice
2007 Crestone
With Malcolm Dalglish
1991 Dalglish: Hymnody of Earth
1997 Pleasure
2003 Carpe Diem! A Ceremony of Song
With Peter Kater
1991 Homage
1999 Birds of Prey
2013 Heart of the Universe
With Paul Sullivan
1987 Sketches of Maine
1988 A Visit to the Rockies
1992 Christmas in Maine
With Marc Cohn
1991 Marc Cohn
1993 The Rainy Season
With David Lanz
1998 Songs from an English Garden
2005 Spirit Romance
With Patty Larkin
1993 Angels Running
1995 Strangers World
With Rabih Abou-Khalil
1988 Nafas (ECM)
1994 Between Dusk and Dawn
1994 Bukra
1994 Roots & Sprouts |
328_7 | With others
1987 New York Counterpoint, Richard Stoltzman
1988 Basic Tendencies, Mike Richmond
1988 Memos from Paradise, Eddie Daniels
1988 Street Dreams, Lyle Mays
1989 Arms Around You, Eugene Friesen
1990 Days of Open Hand, Suzanne Vega
1990 Strange Omen, Michael Cain
1991 Angel on a Stone Wall, Paul Halley
1994 Ettna, Enzo Rao
1995 Ars Moriende, Jonas Hellborg
1994 Rhymes With Orange, Mario Grigorov
1994 Trio Globo, Trio Globo
1995 Carnival of Souls, Trio Globo
1995 On the Cliffs of the Heart, David Rothenberg
1995 Power Lines, Ned Rothenberg
1995 Istanpitta, Vol. 1: A Medieval Dance Band, New York Ensemble for Early Music
1996 Istanpitta, Vol. 2: Medieval Dances, New York Ensemble for Early Music
1996 Celtic Soul, Nóirín Ní Riain
1996 Song of the Irish Whistle, Joanie Madden
1996 Closer to Far Away, Douglas Spotted Eagle
1996 Layers of Time, Reinhard Flatischler
1996 Little Magic in a Noisy World, Nguyên Lê
1997 Clara Ponty, Clara Ponty |
328_8 | 1997 End of the Summer, Dar Williams
1997 Imaginary Day, Pat Metheny
1997 One in the Pocket, Badal Roy
1998 Sea of Dreams, Davy Spillane
1998 Shy Angels, Sussan Deyhim
2000 Madman of God, Sussan Deyhim
2000 Tarantata: Dance of the Ancient Spider, Alessandra Belloni
2002 Gypsy Killer, Sanda Weigl
2007 Celtic Grace, Aureole Trio
2015 Amaryllis, Nina Stern |
328_9 | Video
Canyon Consort, Paul Winter (A&M/Windham Hill Video, 1985)
Ancient Altars, New Forms, Marion Scott & Rene Olivas Gubernick (New York Public Library Dance Collection, 1986)
World Drums, Niv Fichman (director) (National Film Board of Canada, 1986)
C.O.C.A., Manuel Alum Dance Company soundtrack compilation (New York Public Library Dance Collection, 1988)
Drumbeats Glen Velez (REMO, 1989)
The Fantastic World of Frame Drums, Glen Velez (Interworld, 1990)
Mountain Gorilla (IMAX film, 1992), Various Artists
Noah and the Ark: The Classic Story of Noah's Ark, Paul Winter (Rabbit Ears Productions, 1992)
Hymnody of Earth (revised), Malcolm Dalglish (KET, 1993)
Back to Nature – Live in Zagreb, Paul Winter (Croatian TV, 1994)
The Snowbird Cherokees Richard Panter, (producer) soundtrack compilation (South Carolina, 1995)
Handance Method 1, Glen Velez (Interworld/Warner Bros., 1996)
Handance Method 2, Glen Velez (Interworld/Warner Bros., 1996) |
328_10 | The Selchie and the Fisherman, Malcolm Dalglish (Live Multimedia, 1997)
Modern Drummer Festival Weekend, Various Artists (Warner Bros., 1998)
Wendigo, Larry Fessenden (director) soundtrack (Magnolia Pictures, 2003) |
328_11 | Published scores
"Composed Improvisation for One-sided Drum with or without Jangles," for Glen Velez, composed by John Cage, New York Public Library Music Division Research Collection, c. early 1980s.
"Hymnody of Earth: A Celebration of Songs for Choir, Hammer Dulcimer, and Percussion" (Revised) composed and arranged by Malcolm Dalglish, poetry by Wendell Berry, percussion parts by Glen Velez. Published in Ft. Lauderdale by Plymouth Music Co., MDP-900, 1995. |
328_12 | Articles/interviews/books
Berendt, Joachim E. and Gunther Huesmann. The Jazz Book: From Ragtime to Fusion to Beyond. Brooklyn: Lawrence Hill Books, 1992, 6th edition, 358.
Blank-Edelman, David N. "Glen Velez: A Unified Approach to the Frame Drum." RhythmMusic Magazine 3, no. 8 (1994): 38-43.
. "Glen Velez: From South India to Azerbaijan, Velez Finds a Unified Approach to the Frame Drum." Percussion Source 1, no. 1 (1995): 10-12.
Brooks, Iris. "Global Beat: World Drum Festival." Ear: Magazine of New Music 2, no. 3 (November 1986): 8.
. "The World Drum Festival." Modern Percussionist 3, no. 1 (December/February 1986/1987): 14-17, 37, 39.
. "Meet the Composer: Glen Velez." Ear: Magazine of New Music 12, no. 6 (1987): 16-19.
. "Around the World: Glen Velez." Modern Drummer 11, no. 9 (September 1988): 76-79.
. "Glen Velez: Hands Dancing." Jazziz 8 (August 1995): 60, 61, 63, 65, 67. |
328_13 | . "Colors & Scents: Glen Velez Draws Inspiration From the World Around Him." Drum! 6, no. 1 (1997): 75-78.
. "Glen Velez: Embodies the Essence of Rhythm." Drum! 10, no. 2 (March/April 2001): 67-68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 132.
Browning, Robert (editor). "Kavkazi," in Maqam: Music of the Islamic World and its Influences. New York: Alternative Museum, 1984, 40.
Dalglish, Malcolm with Glen Velez. Hymnody of Earth: A Ceremony of Songs for Choir, Hammer Dulcimer and Percussion [revised]. Ft. Lauderdale: Plymouth Music, 1995.
Dorsey, Ed. "Ethnic Percussion: An Interview with Glen Velez." Percussive Notes 25, no. 4 (Spring 1987): 56-60.
Dorsey, Ed, Iris Brooks and Antonio Gentile. "Glen Velez." Percussioni 7, no. 60 (January 1996): 12-16.
Graham, Richard. "Glen Velez's Tambourines." Modern Percussionist 2, no. 1 (December/February 1985/1986): 48-50.
Johnson, Tom. "Music: The Real Tambourine Man." The Village Voice 26 (11 March 1981): 70. |
328_14 | . The Voice of New Music: New York City, 1972-1982: A Collection of Articles Originally Published in The Village Voice. Eindholen: Apollohuis, 1989, 469-472.
Kwan-uk, Hyun (photographer). "Expo '93: The Culture of Science, The Science of Culture."
Koreana: Korean Art and Culture (Summer 1993): 40-41 (appears in photo only – International Drum Festival 1993).
Li Castro, Emiliano and Fabrizio Dadò. "I tamburi a cornice di Glen Velez." Percussioni 2, no. 6 (February 1991): 36-39.
Lieberman, Julie Lyonn. Planet Musician: The World Music Sourcebook for Musicians. Milwaukee: Hal Leonard, 1998, 6, 68.
Liss, Dan. "Music: Framing a New Sound." Aquarius 4, no. 12 (1997): 14.
. "New Perspectives in Rhythms: An Interview with Glen Velez." New Age Voice 4, no. 7 (August 1998): 16, 18.
Moscov, Josh. "Glen Velez: Exploring Where East Meets West." Drum! 1, no. 6 (July/August 1992): 25-27. |
328_15 | Robinson, N. Scott. "Glen Velez: World Music Total." Batera & Percussão 3, no. 28 (December 1999): 30-32.
. "Glen Velez: A World of Sound in His Hands." Modern Drummer 24, no. 4 (April 2000): 72-76, 78-80, 82, 84, 86.
. The New Percussionist in Jazz: Organological and Technical Expansion. Masters Thesis, Kent State University, 2002.
. "Frame Drums and Tambourines," in Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World, Volume Two: Performance and Production. Edited by John Shepherd, David Horn, Dave Laing, Paul Oliver, and Peter Wicke. New York: Continuum, 2003, 362-372.
Schaefer, John. New Sounds: A Listener's Guide to World Music. New York: Harper & Row, 1987, 130, 132.
Sofia, Sal. "The World Drum Festival." Percussioner International 2, no. 1 (1987): 66-72.
Solca, Alex. "Highlights of Modern Drummer's 1998 Festival Weekend." Modern Drummer 22, no. 10 (1998): 110-111.
Tolleson, Robin. "Riffs: Glen Velez." DownBeat 58 (November 1991): 14. |
328_16 | Velez, Glen. "The Tambourine in Ancient Western Asia." Ear Magazine East 5, no. 5 (April/May 1980): 3.
. "A Monograph on the Frame Drum, Ancestor of our Modern Tambourine." Ear Magazine East 7, no. 3/4 (April/October 1982): 8-9.
. Handance Duets for Frame Drums. New York: Framedrum Music, 2001.
. Handance Method with Cueing and Performance Guide: An Introduction to Frame Drumming. New York: Framedrum Music, 2002.
. Bodhran Instruction Manual. New York: Frame Drum Music, 2004.
. Shakers Instruction Manual. New York: Frame Drum Music, 2004.
. Tar Instruction Manual. New York: Frame Drum Music, 2004.
Wentz, Brooke. "An Interview With Glen Velez." Op Magazine V (1984): 42-43. |
328_17 | References
External links
Official site
"Glen Velez: A World of Sound in His Hands", by N. Scott Robinson (from Modern Drummer 24, no. 4 (April 2000), pp. 72–76, 78-80, 82, 84, and 86)
1949 births
Living people
American musicians of Mexican descent
American percussionists
Bodhrán players
Contemporary classical music performers
Frame drum players
Maracas players
Musicians from Dallas
Paul Winter Consort members
Steelpan musicians
Place of birth missing (living people) |
329_0 | Pottsville Area High School is a coeducational public high school located in Pottsville, Pennsylvania. It is part of the Pottsville Area School District and is the largest public high school in Schuylkill County. It was founded in 1853 and offers a comprehensive program with an enrollment of approximately 1,000 students in ninth through twelfth grades. Students from neighboring Saint Clair Area School District attend the high school, with their district paying tuition to PASD. The school building, with its Italian Gothic brickwork, retains its architectural and historical integrity while housing modern facilities such as four science labs, a planetarium and observatory, four computer labs, three art and two music studios, and two gymnasiums. The library has a collection of 10,000 volumes and more than 40 magazine subscriptions and access to resources throughout the state through computer systems. A formal 1,499-seat auditorium and a little theater are unique features of the building. |
329_1 | Within the district complex are tennis courts, athletic fields, and a sports complex including a natatorium. The current high school building was constructed in 1932, and it continues to lead as an example in architectural geniuity. |
329_2 | History
Establishment
The first publicly printed intent of the school board to organize a high school in Pottsville was contained in an item which appeared in a newspaper issue of September 6, 1847. It announced that the school would open with Elias F. Perrin as principal; Monsieur F. Perrin, teacher of French and German; W. P. Koutz, of natural science, history and elocution; and E. Sagendorf, of English. A later notation announced that Pottsville High School was to be dedicated January 1, 1848. The above named teachers were those who had conducted the Pottsville Academy. |
329_3 | On February 18, 1851, the school board advertised that applications would be received for a superintendent of schools, and the reply from Elias Schneider seemed to indicate definitely the board had intended to establish a high school in September, 1851, since he said in part: "I do, therefore, offer myself as a candidate for the office of a superintendent of your schools, with the expectation that the high school will be commenced next 1st of September." Mr. Schneider, who assumed his duties on April 1. 1851, received a salary of $50 a month. A report by Superintendent Schneider, on which the March 15, 1853, date of the founding of the high school is based, was received by the school board on March 3, 1853. The report asked favorable consideration of a plan to divide the No. 1 male school. (Bunker Hill grammar school), by transferring the most advanced pupils from this room into the one above. "At present, we have a high school in reality but not in name. As we have the thing, let us |
329_4 | have the name," Schneider's report stated. Then he continued, "A high school proper can be established without any other additional expense than a salary of a female teacher. Mr. Gotshall and myself can attend to the upper classes, and the male assistant with a female can teach the others. |
329_5 | This arrangement would give me just about sufficient time to attend my general duties, as well as to a number of daily recitations." Undoubtedly the school board of the time was faced with many problems concerning the operation of the new high school but what they were is a matter of conjecture because historical information on the subject is meager. However, the weather did occupy the attention of the directors at a meeting on May 18, 1853, when a number of people petitioned the board to have only one session of school during the hot weather, from 7:30 A. M. to 1:30 P.M. A paid advertisement appearing in The Miners' Journal issue of April 26, 1851, gave the following regulations for the operation of the common schools as adopted April 10, 1851: "The hours of instruction shall be from 8 o 'clock until 12 in the morning, and from 2 P. M. until 5 in the afternoon, from the 1st of April until the 1st of October; and from 9 o 'clock until 12 in the morning and from 1 o'clock until 4 in |
329_6 | the afternoon from the 1st of October until the 1st of April. "A vacation shall be allowed the month of August, and in the afternoon of each Saturday. The schools shall also be closed on the 1st day of January, Good Friday, in Easter week until the Tuesday following, 4th of July, and Christmas Day, and on such other days as the directors may allow." |
329_7 | Graduation from high school during the first eight years of its operation carried with it no tangible evidence of the fact for the boys and girls who had completed the course. According to an early newspaper clipping the Class of 1862 was the first to receive diplomas. These went to a class of ten – seven girls and three boys. Among them were James B. Reilly (who later represented the area in Congress), Alfred J. Derr, Joseph W . Gumpfert, and Miss Wynkoop. The commencement was in the form of a public examination conducted by the faculty from the State Normal School. At the time, J. W. Roseberry was president of the school board, and Christopher Little the secretary. The receipt of a diploma, however, didn't help the school enrollment during the Civil War period. Many scholars enlisted and others went to work. The school became practically non-operative and higher education for Pottsville pupils virtually halted at the grammar school level. |
329_8 | It was during this period that Benjamin F. Patterson, one of the outstanding figures in the history of the Pottsville school system, came on the scene. Mr. Patterson was elected high school principal in March, 1865. On April 1, 1867, he was named superintendent, a position he held until his death in July, 1906.
Post Civil War |
329_9 | After the Civil War, a committee comprising Peter W. Sheafer, William B. W ells, Christopher Little, John W . Roseberry, and David A. Smith accomplished the reorganization of the high school and it was again placed on a firm basis. The P. H. S. Annual of 1905 said of the reorganization, "At this time a curriculum was adopted which has suffered little change." The then prevailing three-year course offered the following subjects: First (Junior Year) ~ History, algebra, geometry, foundation of Latin, Caesar, elocution; Second (Middle Year) ~ Geometry, physiology, literature, botany, composition, Cicero, Latin prose, Caesar, elocution, physical geography; Third (Senior Year ) ~ Physics, Cicero, Virgil, rhetoric, civics, astronomy, trigonometry, chemistry, geology, elocution. |
329_10 | A fourth or post-graduate year offered these subjects: Solid geometry, advanced algebra, Virgil, Cicero, prose composition, review of the three years' work in Latin, and mathematics. Elective subjects included German, French, Greek, teachers' course, and mathematics. Shortly before the reorganization of the school, its location was moved to the old Academy building at Fifth and West Norwegian Streets. The enrollment at the time numbered 14 pupils. The school site was the Jackson Street building from 1876 to 1894 when it was transferred to the Garfield building at Fifth and West Norwegian Streets, then in 1916 to the Patterson building at Twelfth and Market Streets, and finally to the present location at Sixteenth Street and Elk Avenue in January, 1933. |
329_11 | Within a ten-year period following the school's reorganization, enrollments increased. School board proceedings of the time showed the enrollment of 59 pupils and three teachers in 1873; 78 pupils and two teachers in 1878; 81 pupils and three teachers in June, 1882, and 144 pupils and three teachers in November 1893. The all-time high enrollment in the school's history was 1,700 students during the 1939-40 term. During this period of rapid growth the high school was directed by Stephen A. Thurlow, another outstanding figure in local educational circles. Mr. Thurlow was named principal in September, 1881, and later became superintendent in 1906 upon the death of Mr. Patterson. Mr. Thurlow served as superintendent until his death on January 4, 1912. |
329_12 | The closing years of the Nineteenth Century marked another big step forward in Pennsylvania that made a high school education possible for many who could not otherwise afford this schooling. The Free School Book Act was adopted by the Legislature and in September, 1893, all public school scholars received their textbooks without cost. Previously high school textbooks would cost approximately $25, a large sum in those days. In commenting on the issuance of free textbooks the P. H. S. Annual of 1894 had this to say: "The benefit to be derived from this cannot be told in a short space, but it is sufficient to say that the whole country will be benefited by graduating from the schools, intelligent and educated men and women." |
329_13 | With the increase in the student body during the 1876-'94 period, while the school was situated in the Jackson Street building, came the first large-scale expansion of the school curriculum. A commercial department was added, but as a separate unit. On March 12, 1912, it was merged with the academic department. The beginning of the second half of the school's centennial history brought with it an innovation that ranked only second to the issuance of free textbooks in promoting the growth of the school. This was the inauguration of a four-year course that went into effect in September, 1908. The 1908 issue of the Annual related: "For some years a four-year course has been agitated for the high school, but up to this time it has received no serious attention. The visit of the State Inspector of High Schools, however, seems to have brought the matter before the minds of the board and the people in general as never before." |
329_14 | Further, the Annual report stated: "A four-year course would mean much for the high school, much in the way of scholarship and in preparation for college or for immediate entrance to the business world. This enlargement of the curriculum would necessitate more room and more teachers, but surely Pottsville can afford this with its boasted wealth and the love for education. Under existing conditions we are hampered by the lack of time for such studies as rhetoric, chemistry and astronomy three of the most difficult and important studies in the curriculum." The Class of 1912 was the first to graduate under the four-year curriculum-there being no 1911 class-but the new educational venture brought with it new problems for the school board. |
329_15 | When school resumed in the fall of 1914 there was not sufficient room to accommodate the pupils. Within a period of six years the enrollment had increased from 100 to 300 and fully 100 more were listed for the 1914-'15 term. A number of plans were considered by the school board, among them a suggestion that a new building be erected at Nineteenth and Market Streets, or that the Garfield building, then the site of the high school, be enlarged by the addition of another story. The most practical idea, however, seemed to be the one proposed for enlarging the Patterson building at Twelfth Street to accommodate the high school pupils. Architect F. X. Reilly drew up plans to enlarge the Patterson building; Contractor Wertley was awarded the contract for $44,250 and on September 29, 1916, the new school opened with an enrollment of 500 pupils. |
329_16 | World War I years
With the outbreak of World War I popular public opinion forced the school authorities to substitute Spanish for German in the language department and the inauguration of an ROTC unit. An ROTC auxiliary was also formed, with every girl in the school enrolled in the unit. The training course was discontinued in 1921 and the question of new quarters for the high school again came to the attention of the school board and public. The electorate defeated the initial plan for a new building by a 3534-1804 vote at a special election on November 5, 1924. In December 1930, the public voted 2449 to 1521 in favor of a $900,000 loan to build the present school on the site then known as Fisher's Farm. The school was ready for occupancy in January 1933. |
329_17 | The new school building in its design is an adaptation of Italian-Gothic brick work. Its beauty is enhanced by the large irregular and commanding site in which it stands, and by the variety of exterior design that reflects the manifold activities of a modern school building. Because of the different grade levels the structure evolves gradually from a three-story building on the west to a five-story plant on the east. It is so uniquely planned, however, that the two gymnasiums on the west, the general offices at the central or main entrances, the auditorium on the east, and the cafeteria underneath, all have ground floor entrances. |
329_18 | In February 1959, Vetern's Memorial Stadium, the Pottsville High School's Stadium, faced numerous cave-ins as a result of being located on the site of the old York Farm Colliery whose mining operations covered the area. A sink-hole developed underneath the Press Box that was 18 feet in depth and eight feet in diameter. It was thought to compromise the integrity of the symbolic press box as well as the structure of the home side bleachers. Similar cave-ins occurred in 1937 when the east end of the stadium was deemed unstable and suffered collapses and required numerous tons of fill to render the field safe for athletic competition. |
329_19 | In 1966, a planetarium-observatory was added to the school's 3rd Floor. The planetarium was installed in what was the East Study Hall area and seats 72 observers, while the observatory located on the roof of the East Wing can accommodate 20 observers. The planetarium features a star projector manufactured by Spitz Laboratories, Inc., of Yorklyn, Delaware which is capable of producing night skies featuring stars, the solar system, coordinates, and the earth's geography. In order to accommodate the planetarium, the East Study Hall was partitioned off for the installation of a dome measuring 30-foot in diameter and two stairwells leading to the telescope in the observatory. This project was the first of its kind at the time and was approved under the Federal Elementary and Secondary Education Act, Title One. Contracting for the construction was handled by Scheider & Davis at a cost of $119,000 in 1966. The first director of the facility was Wayne L. Smiley, a graduate of Oswego State |
329_20 | College, New York. This unique space science lab is a significant part of the science facilities of the Pottsville High School. |
329_21 | In 1989, it was decided by the St. Clair School District in collaboration with the Pottsville School District that 230 high school students from St. Clair, Pennsylvania as well as all future students in the 9th through 12th grades would transfer to the newly named Pottsville Area High School on a tuition based model. The decision initially faced opposition from the Pennsylvania Labor Relations Board and the St. Clair Teachers Association, but was ultimately upheld and the arrangement still is in place today.
Extracurricular activities
Performing arts
Marching and Concert Band: Pottsville is home to a marching band, concert band, and jazz band.
Athletics
Pottsville Area High School has a longstanding tradition of football dating back to the days of the Pottsville Maroons. Pottsville Area High School's primary football rival is Reading High School. The two schools compete annually for a trophy known as "The Rock" (in reality a large chunk of coal). |
329_22 | Pottsville's biggest rival for all other sports is Blue Mountain High School, as the two schools are separated by less than five miles and are the two largest schools in Schuylkill County.
Boys
Baseball
Basketball
Cross Country
Football:
Golf
Soccer
Swimming and Diving
Tennis
Track and Field
Volleyball
Water Polo
Wrestling
Girls
Basketball
Cross Country
Golf
Soccer
Swimming and Diving
Softball
Tennis
Track and Field
Volleyball
Water Polo
Girls teams participate under the nickname "Lady Tide"
See also
Pottsville Area School District
References
External links
Official website
Pottsville, Pennsylvania
Public high schools in Pennsylvania
Schools in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania
Educational institutions established in 1853
1853 establishments in Pennsylvania |
330_0 | Girls is an American comedy-drama television series created by and starring Lena Dunham, executive-produced by Judd Apatow. The series depicts four young women living in New York City. The show's premise was drawn from Dunham’s own life, as were major aspects of the main character, including financial isolation from her parents, becoming a writer, and making unfortunate decisions. |
330_1 | The first season of Girls was filmed between April and August 2011. The first three episodes were screened at the 2012 SXSW Festival and the series premiered on HBO on April 15, 2012. The second season ran on HBO from January 13, 2013, to March 17, 2013. The third season, which contained 12 episodes (the previous seasons had 10 episodes) ran from January 12, 2014, to March 23, 2014. The fourth season of the series started filming in April 2014 and premiered on January 11, 2015. The fifth season premiered on February 21, 2016. Girls sixth and final season concluded on April 16, 2017. There were a total of 62 episodes. |
330_2 | Since its release in 2012, the series has generated some criticism over its depiction of sexual assault, male ejaculate, and Dunham's frequent on-screen nudity. It has also received considerable critical praise and several awards, including the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy and the British Academy Television Award for Best International Programme.
Synopsis
Aspiring writer Hannah is shocked when her parents, visiting from East Lansing, Michigan, announce that they will no longer financially support her as they had done since her graduation from Oberlin College two years earlier. Left to her own devices in Greenpoint, Brooklyn, Hannah navigates her twenties, "one mistake at a time." Allison Williams, Jemima Kirke, Zosia Mamet, Adam Driver and Alex Karpovsky co-star as Hannah's circle of friends.
Cast and characters
Main cast |
330_3 | Lena Dunham as Hannah Helene Horvath: an aspiring writer living in Greenpoint, Brooklyn originally from East Lansing, Michigan, known for her narcissism and immaturity, who struggles to support herself and find a direction in her life. In season two, she struggles with a relapse of the OCD symptoms she suffered from in her youth. In the final season, she becomes pregnant after a brief fling, and later leaves New York City to take a teaching job upstate and raise her baby. |
330_4 | Allison Williams as Marnie Marie Michaels: Hannah's best friend and, at the start of season 1, roommate. Along with Jessa, Charlie and Elijah, Marnie was a classmate of Hannah's at Oberlin College. She worked as an art gallery assistant, but is later fired in Season 2 and is left to pursue her dream: a career in music. Domineering and arguably as self-centred and narcissistic as Hannah, Marnie struggles in her relationships with Charlie and Ray for much of the series, and eventually ends up marrying her musical partner, Desi Harperin. When both her career and her marriage collapse, she eventually moves upstate with Hannah to help raise her baby. |
330_5 | Jemima Kirke as Jessa Johansson: One of Hannah's closest friends, Jessa is a global citizen of British origin, and is known for being bohemian, unpredictable, and brash. At the start of the series, Jessa has recently returned to New York from a stint abroad, and becomes roommates with her cousin, Shoshanna, in Nolita, Manhattan. Jessa navigates many life struggles and poor choices, including a short-lived marriage and a stint in rehab due to heroin and cocaine addiction. When she pursues a relationship with Hannah's ex-boyfriend, Adam, she and Hannah have an explosive falling out. In the final season, she struggles with the realization that her life is in tatters, and is abandoned by Shosh. Ultimately, she manages to make her peace with Hannah before she leaves New York. |
330_6 | Zosia Mamet as Shoshanna Shapiro: Jessa's naive and innocent American cousin who's a Media, Culture, and Communications major at New York University. She is a fan of the TV series Sex and the City and is embarrassed to still be a virgin at the start of the series. The character is fast talking and her lack of enunciation gives her a mumbling, nervous persona. As the series progresses, Shoshanna graduates and struggles to find a career path that suits her. After a brief career stint in Japan, she comes to realize that her friendship with the other three has only ever held her back, and ultimately distances herself from them. |
330_7 | Adam Driver as Adam Sackler: an aloof, passionate young man, Adam works as a part-time carpenter and actor. At the start of the series, he is in a casual relationship with Hannah, which becomes serious before ultimately falling apart as he gains success as an actor. He later enters a mercurial relationship with Jessa, which is implied to be ongoing as the series ends. Adam is an alcoholic who has been sober for years. Pulitzer Prize-winning art critic Jerry Saltz has endorsed the idea that Adam is intended to be a fictional scion of the real-life Sackler family, and that Adam’s substance abuse and art world adjacency are intended as commentary on the real-life family's controversial relationship with the opioid crisis and arts philanthropy. Dunham has not commented on whether the character’s naming was intentional. |
330_8 | Alex Karpovsky as Raymond "Ray" Ploshansky: Originally Charlie's friend, but later a friend of the others, and the group's straight man. Eventually, he has sexual and romantic relationships with both Shoshanna and Marnie. At the start of season 3, he is made manager of a spin-off of Grumpy's, called Ray's.
Andrew Rannells as Elijah Krantz: Hannah's ex-boyfriend from college, who reveals that he is gay. Despite some initial hostility between the pair, they eventually become friends and later roommates on and off. The two grow much closer as roommates. |
330_9 | Ebon Moss-Bachrach as Desi Harperin: Adam's co-star in Major Barbara and Marnie's bandmate. Despite having a girlfriend, Clementine, he and Marnie engage in a sexual relationship that he keeps secret, to Marnie's chagrin. Clementine eventually breaks up with him. He and Marnie have a public relationship. They become engaged, and later marry. Marnie eventually ends the relationship with him when she tires of his childishness and self-indulgence. In season 6, it is revealed that Desi is addicted to prescription pain killers after Marnie cheats on Ray with him.
Jake Lacy as Fran Parker, a colleague of Hannah's whom she dates. In season 5, Fran moves in with Hannah and Elijah, but he and Hannah break up by the end of the season. |
330_10 | Recurring cast |
330_11 | Becky Ann Baker and Peter Scolari as Loreen and Tad Horvath (season 1–6): Hannah's parents. They are both college professors at Michigan State University who live in East Lansing, Michigan. Loreen and Tad cut off Hannah's financial support in the pilot episode so that Hannah will become independent and focus on her writing. Hannah then visits them for their 30th anniversary, but does not share her recent financial troubles. In the fourth season, the marriage breaks down when Tad comes out as gay, and after a year of struggling on his own, Tad moves to New York to pursue a relationship with his new boyfriend (Ethan Phillips), while Loreen adjusts to life on her own, starts consuming cannabis and eventually fills the role of grandmother to Hannah's baby. (Baker, 20 episodes; Scolari, 21 episodes) |
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