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9648_8 | Kiki the Hyperactive Monkey of Sentosa
Kiki, a lime green coloured monkey; is the main protagonist of the show. During Mr Whamsey's performance, he interrupts the "usual program" intended and appears laughing hysterically at the audience. He then challenges Mr. Whamsey to a duel over the control of the Sentosa Musical Fountain. Afterwards, he introduces the surprised Mr. Whamsey to several of his friends, namely the mock band "The Fantastic Fish", and other unnamed characters. He then invites Mr. Whamsey to the alternate dimension where he lives. Kiki also acts as a guide to Mr. Whamsey throughout his journey in the alternate dimension. Despite this, the both never appear on the water screen at the same time. When the latter finally returns, he bids Mr. Whamsey and the audience farewell, reminding them that he'll be waiting for them. He then makes his trademark laughter and disappears from the scene. |
9648_9 | Mr. Whamsey
Mr Whamsey is a "fountain master" who first appears when he makes his entrance on to the fountain's symphony stage. He shows off the audience his skills with several performances on the fountain but before he could finish the final segment, his performance is suddenly interrupted by the arrival of Kiki, who is first seen laughing out of control before jumping back into hiding. Kiki then reveals himself to Mr. Whamsey, and he is challenged by the latter to a duel over the control of the Sentosa Musical Fountain. He is then introduced to several of Kiki's friends, and persuades Kiki in excitement to invite him to the alternate dimension where the hyperactive monkey lives. When he does, he is greeted by the beautiful siren princess, Princess Pearl. He later exits the alternate dimension and compliments Kiki for the wonderful experience. When Kiki bids the audience farewell, he finishes the final segment of his performance, before bowing and taking his leave. |
9648_10 | Princess Pearl
She is the beautiful siren princess who first appears after Mr. Whamsey manages to arrive in Kiki's world. Her head is adorned with countless bubbles, or pearls, hence giving her name. She appears as she rises from the fountain, and smiles at the audience. A dolphin plunges into the fountain, before she breaks into her enchanting siren song. Her image then switches, where she dances to the audience. As she finishes her dance, her image fades and sinks back into the fountain. Princess Pearl's sequence has been noted as the most remarkable as she was directly recycled from ECA2's earlier production, Le Lac Aux Images. The only differences being her image mirrored for Magical Sentosa, and the use of only one of the two dolphins that were part of her original sequence in Le Lac Aux Images. |
9648_11 | The Fantastic Fish
The Fantastic Fish are a band consisting of laser-colored fishes that are just a few of Kiki's friends. They first appear in the song segment for, Hello Hello. Later on, more of Kiki's friends appear, namely two sea creatures called, "The Crazy Fish", a monstrous whale-like creature, and a robot named, Omeo. The band then reappears during the climax of the song and as they disappear from the scene, a mass of laser-colored bubbles shoots up in front of them. They would later reappear in a cameo in Kiki's song, "It's My World". As Magical Sentosa uses quite a number of references to Le Lac Aux Images, most of Kiki's friends and the laser-colored bubbles were actually from the latter. |
9648_12 | The Merlion
Although not considered a prominent character, the Merlion statue located behind the fountain comes to "life" when Kiki sings the last note of, Here Everybody Lives in Harmony, completely out of tune. The eyes of the statue emitted a green laser that shone down onto the fountain and when the song ends, it comes to take Kiki, who subsequently bids farewell to Mr. Whamsey and the audience.
Reception
The musical opened with a few positive reviews from the media. Today mentioned that the show's fire and water elements made "fantastic partners" while The Straits Times noted it as an "even more spectacular fountain show". Sentosa Development Corporation's then CEO, Darrell Metzger, complemented that the show "needs to be experienced to be believed". |
9648_13 | British author, Neil Humphreys, critiqued the interaction shown between Kiki and Princess Pearl as "infatuated" and "randy". He also remarked that "the show's storyline must have been written by someone high on LSD", describing the show's experience as "an acid trip".
Closure
After 25 years of operation, the Sentosa Musical Fountain was closed down to make way for Resorts World Sentosa, Magical Sentosa staged its last show on 25 March 2007, after less than 5 years in operation, before it was shut down to let demolition works commence. A few amateur videos of the final show eventually surfaced to video sharing site, YouTube. |
9648_14 | Legacy
As a result of the fountain's closure, many came to film the final show. A majority of these footages filmed have ended up in family archives and mostly on video sharing website, YouTube. One such notable example is a video done up by YouTube user jingxi. Another notable video posted by alvinngheng, can also be found on YouTube. The tribute video consist of a mix of other YouTubers uploads of their own videos of the fountain.
Web documentation |
9648_15 | On the Web
Fischer Media footage - During the first performance of that night, a Fischer Media cameraman filmed the show with a standard definition camera. It was later edited by ECA2 to produce the show's promotional reel, now only existing as a fragment on Fisher Media's website. In 2010, the footage was restored to the high definition format as ECA2's trailer for Magical Sentosa. But this trailer was reedited and cut in 2012. The edited trailer from 2010 has since resurfaced on ECA2's YouTube page, alongside the trailers of all the permanent shows produced by ECA2, including the full trailer of Le Lac Aux Images.
Magical Sentosa HD Trailer - ECA2's promotional trailer of Magical Sentosa, which used footage from Fischer Media's promotional footage.
On YouTube
A video covers up the first 51 seconds of the show with the full and muted soundtrack of Here Everybody Lives in Harmony which not many have filmed. |
9648_16 | Soundtrack from Magical Sentosa - Water Waltz - A high-fidelity recording of Water Waltz, the earliest of its kind to be uploaded on to the platform before the 2013 soundtrack rediscovery.
Futuroscope - Le Lac aux Images 2000 - Spectacle Entier - Partie 1 un 2
This video is possibly the only video to show one of ECA2's earlier productions, Le Lac aux Images which uses some of Magical Sentosa's characters and plot elements, most notably Princess Pearl.
See also
Sentosa Island
Sentosa Musical Fountain
Songs and Tunes from The Original Soundtrack of Magical Sentosa
Songs of the Sea
Fountain of Wealth
Notes
Highlights on Sentosa Musical Fountain's Reopening
Laservision projects on Spirits of Sentosa.
25-year-old Sentosa Musical Fountain stages last two shows an article by Channel Newsasia
References
External links
Sentosa's Official Website
Magical Sentosa Part 1 on YouTube
Magical Sentosa Part 2 on YouTube
Magical Sentosa Part 3 on YouTube
Sentosa
Southern Islands |
9649_0 | Starsky & Hutch is an American action television series, which consisted of a 70-minute pilot movie (originally aired as a Movie of the Week entry) and 92 episodes of 50 minutes each. The show was created by William Blinn, produced by Spelling-Goldberg Productions, and broadcast from April 1975 (pilot movie) to August 1979 on the ABC network. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures Television in the United States and, originally, Metromedia Producers Corporation and later on 20th Television in Canada and some other parts of the world. Sony Pictures Television is now the worldwide distributor for the series. The series also inspired a theatrical film and a video game.
Overview |
9649_1 | The series' protagonists were two Southern California police detectives: David Michael Starsky (Paul Michael Glaser), the dark-haired, Brooklyn transplant and U.S. Army veteran, with a street-wise manner and intense, sometimes childlike moodiness; and Kenneth Richard "Hutch" Hutchinson (David Soul), the divorced, blond, Duluth, Minnesota, native with a more reserved and intellectual approach. Under the radio call sign "Zebra Three", they were known for usually tearing around the streets of fictional Bay City, California.
Much of the series was shot on location in the Los Angeles beach community of San Pedro. The building that was used as the Metropolitan Division police headquarters is now San Pedro's City Hall. |
9649_2 | The characters and even some plot points were based on real-life New York City detectives, Lou Telano and John Sepe, who gained notoriety and commendations for their unconventional but effective undercover police work. The show's production team spent considerable time with the two detectives during their daily routines. Lou Telano and John Sepe later sued Aaron Spelling's production company and settled out of court for $10,000 each. |
9649_3 | The car |
9649_4 | The vehicle of choice was Starsky's two-door Ford Gran Torino, which was bright red, with a large white vector stripe on each side. Approximately four different cars were used for filming. Earlier shots had red wing mirrors, except the pilot which had silver mirrors, usually for long shots or footage used in later scenes, close ups and later episodes had silver wing mirrors. The Torino was nicknamed the "Striped Tomato" by Hutch in the episode "Snowstorm", and fans subsequently referred to the car by that nickname, too. However, this moniker didn't come from the writers, it came from a real-life comment that Glaser made. In a segment titled Starsky & Hutch: Behind the Badge that was featured on the first season DVD collection, Glaser stated that when he was first shown the Torino by series producer Aaron Spelling, he sarcastically said to Soul, "That thing looks like a striped tomato!" In characteristic contrast, Hutch's vehicle was a battered tan 1973 Ford Galaxie 500. It |
9649_5 | occasionally appeared when the duo needed separate vehicles, or for undercover work. However, the duo's cover was often blown because Hutch's vehicle had a humorous glitch: when its driver's side door was opened, the horn would go off, instantly drawing attention. It was also noticeable due to the severely cluttered back seat, so cluttered that there was no room to transport both prisoners and the two detectives simultaneously. |
9649_6 | Supporting characters
The detectives' main confidential informant was the street-wise, ethically ambiguous, "jive-talking" Huggy Bear (Antonio Fargas), who often dressed in a flashy manner and operated his own bar (first named "Huggy Bear's", and later, "The Pits"). The duo's boss was the gruff, no-nonsense-but-fair Captain Harold C. Dobey (Bernie Hamilton in the series, and gravel-voiced Richard Ward in the pilot). |
9649_7 | Huggy's immense popularity with viewers caused producers Spelling and Goldberg to consider giving actor Fargas his own TV series. The second-season episode "Huggy Bear and the Turkey" was the test pilot for a proposed spin off with Huggy and his friend, former Sheriff "Turkey" Turquet (Dale Robinette) becoming private investigators; however, this premise proved unpopular with viewers, and a spinoff never materialized. In the episode, it was revealed that Huggy's last name is Brown (no clue as to his first name was given, though). Two series characters were named for people from William Blinn's past: Starsky was the name of a high-school friend, and Huggy Bear was a local disc jockey.
Series creator William Blinn first used the name Huggy Bear on-screen for a character, also a confidential informant, in an episode penned by Blinn for the TV series The Rookies during the 1973 second season, "Prayers Unanswered Prayers Unheard", there, played by actor Johnny Brown. |
9649_8 | Seasons 1 and 2
In contrast to police characters on U.S. TV in prior years, Starsky and Hutch were open with physical gestures of friendly/brotherly affection toward one another, often declaring that they trusted only each other (in an "us against the world"–type sense). While likely "normal" by American social standards since the 1990s, such body language conflicted with 1970s norms of (emotionally restrained) masculinity. In a show documentary tape made during the show's run that can be found on YouTube, the narrator intones that some Hollywood industry types referred to the characters as "French kissing prime-time homos". Soul verified this statement in a 1999 cast reunion interview in the United Kingdom. |
9649_9 | Many fans were attracted not just by the characters, but the quality of writing during the first two seasons (despite the fact that the majority of first-season stories were actually existing scripts that were merely adapted to fit the series). The second-season episode "Long Walk Down a Short Dirt Road", featured country star Lynn Anderson as a singer being stalked by a deranged person; it was based upon a real-life incident involving country music legend Dolly Parton. The part was written with Parton in mind, but Anderson wound up playing the role.
Season 1: Starsky & Hutch aired on Wednesday nights at 10 p.m. and aired against Kate McShane on CBS and the second season law drama Petrocelli on NBC. Starsky & Hutch had no trouble beating its competition and finished #16 with a 22.5 share in the A.C. Nielsen Ratings. |
9649_10 | Season 2: Starsky & Hutch was moved to Saturday night for the second season and was up against tough competition on CBS with the Mary Tyler Moore Show followed by The Bob Newhart Show. NBC had NBC Saturday Night at the Movies. Although the show lost some of their viewers from the move from the Wednesday night time slot from the previous season, Starsky & Hutch held its own, finishing #34 with a 19.6 rating in the Nielsens.
Season 3
In 1977, a rising concern in America about violence on TV, along with Glaser's own concerns about the level of violence in the series, forced the writers to reduce the violent "action" scenes, with more romantically and socially themed storylines, and play-up the "buddy-buddy" aspect of the show's leads even more. At the same time, the lead actors—Glaser in particular—became jaded with the general theme; these and other factors contributed to the fading popularity of the series. |
9649_11 | Glaser indicated several times that he wanted to get out of his contract and quit the series; he even sued the producers to force a release from his contract before the start of the third season. It seemed that he would not be returning for filming, so to fill the presumed void, the character "Officer Linda Baylor" (played by Roz Kelly) was created, and a number of alternative scripts featuring her instead of Starsky were written (whether the show's name would have remained the same is unknown). After being granted more creative control over scripts, opportunities to direct episodes, and a per-episode pay raise (to $35,000, up from $5,000), Glaser returned to the show. Ultimately, Officer Baylor only appeared in one episode (alongside both Starsky and Hutch): the Play Misty for Me–inspired episode, "Fatal Charm". |
9649_12 | Despite this major change in the tone of the show, with a lot of the violence reduced and more of a focus on the friendship of the two leads, viewership remained steady during the season. From September to December 1977, the show stayed in its Saturday-night time slot, now up against The Jeffersons and The Tony Randall Show on CBS and NBC Saturday Night at the Movies. It was the first lead-in to The Love Boat and after its immediate success, The Love Boat was moved up an hour in January 1978 into the 9:00 slot. Having been displaced on Saturday nights, Starsky & Hutch moved back to its original Wednesday-night time slot of 10 p.m. The ratings dropped a little bit; however, Starsky & Hutch finished #33 (tied with ABC's Lucan) with a 19.2 Nielsen rating. |
9649_13 | Season 4
Glaser again voiced his desires to leave during the fourth and final season. This time, Starsky's wayward younger brother Nick (John Herzfeld) was introduced, in the episode "Starsky's Brother". It was intended that if Glaser was to quit, that the reformed Nick would take David's place on the police force (and allow the series to avoid a title change). However, the disgruntled Glaser decided to return, yet again, to finish out the season. Although a fifth season was planned, increasing production costs, Glaser's persistent (and oft-publicized) desire to move on, and declining ratings, brought an end to the series. |
9649_14 | The final episode, "Sweet Revenge" (which has Starsky fighting for his life after being gunned down), originally had its co-lead dying in the early drafts. However, the producers decided to have the character survive, as it was felt that a dead Starsky would disrupt the continuity of reruns/syndication, and preclude the option of the producers' reviving the series in the near future. Starsky & Hutch finished #36 in the Nielsen Ratings in their final season. Network reruns continued on ABC on Tuesday nights until August 21, 1979.
Syndication |
9649_15 | After its prime-time run, Starsky & Hutch was sold into syndication, and has been shown on several local channels and cable networks (e.g., The National Network, and WWME-CA, also known as MeTV, in Chicago). The series made its cable debut on TNT in 1994 and later appeared on TV Land beginning in 2000. In 2015-2016, the series aired on cable's El Rey Network on weekday mornings. Several episodes from the first two seasons can be viewed for free in Minisode and in regular format on Crackle. The show has also been broadcast on Cozi TV and getTV.
List of episodes
Home media
Sony Pictures Home Entertainment has released 4 Seasons on DVD in Regions 1 and 2 between 2004 and 2006.
On August 27, 2013, it was announced that Mill Creek Entertainment had acquired the rights to various television series from the Sony Pictures library including Starsky & Hutch. On March 4, 2014, they re-released the first season on DVD. |
9649_16 | On November 11, 2014, Mill Creek released Starsky and Hutch - The Complete Series on DVD in Region 1. |
9649_17 | International broadcasts
On March 15, 1979 in Italy, Starsky and Hutch was aired on Rai Due, achieving smash-hit status. In 1987, it was broadcast again, this time in the late afternoon, on Italia 1 and, in 2007, on Rai Tre at lunchtime. After some reruns on Italia 1 and AXN, in 2009, the series appeared Mondays on Fox Retro. It was aired in the early morning on Rete 4. In Summer 2015, it was aired on La7.
In France, the show was shown on TF1 between 1978 and 1984, and subsequently on other channels. The French version replaces the original theme(s) with a French song, singing about "Starsky et Hutch". The voices of the two French actors dubbing the series, who also introduced more comedy in their role, played a part in the popularity of the series in France. One of the voice-over actors later said that David Soul had acknowledged that he and Paul Michael Glaser had to be much more restrained when they played. |
9649_18 | In the United Kingdom, the series was an immediate hit when it began showing on Saturday nights on BBC1 (debuting 23 April 1976, and soon catching up with US broadcasts), with occasional re-runs through to the early 1990s. It was re-run by Five in 2003 in a 10 a.m. slot (later 11 a.m., and eventually moving to a 2:30 p.m. slot); During its prime-time run, however, the BBC heavily edited or skipped altogether certain episodes; in fact, the first-season episode "The Fix" (in which mobsters inject Hutch with heroin in order to extract information from him) was deemed too graphic and was effectively "banned" from all the corporation's runs of the series (despite being shown after the 9 p.m. 'watershed'). Several other controversial episodes did on occasion air, but were heavily edited and/or seldom aired, due to their nature. "The Fix" wasn't shown on British-terrestrial television until May 31, 1999, as part of Channel 4's "Starsky & Hutch Night" (which also included the pilot, The Word |
9649_19 | On The Street—a documentary about the series—and the second-season episode "Gillian"). On January 10, 2003, Five actually broadcast "The Fix" in their regular 10 a.m. slot; however, the episode was notably edited, and the scene of Hutch being injected with heroin was almost completely absent. The series was also shown on the UK satellite channel Granada Plus, and is now running on Zone Thriller, which was rebranded as CBS Action in November 2009. The channel has broadcast all episodes, with minor edits in a few cases. In August 2019, the channel True Entertainment, which later became Sony Channel, are now showing repeats. |
9649_20 | The first season is frequently aired on the Middle East Broadcasting Center with Arabic subtitles.
In Australia it airs on Digital Channel Go!. In 2014, it started to be shown on 7mate. It was a perennial favorite, seen on the Nine Network from 1975 to 1991 and, lastly, on ABC Television in 1992. Prior to GO!, it screened on TV1.
In Indonesia, the show was aired on RCTI from 1990 to 1994.
In Malaysia it currently reruns on RTM's TV2, placed in Best of Retro slot, in 2009.
In Venezuela, the show was aired on Venevisión.
In Mexico, it was broadcast on Televisa.
In Algeria, the show was aired in French on ENTV state television during the second half of the 80's, and was a big success.
In Puerto Rico, the show was aired on WKAQ TV, Channel 2 (Telemundo) during the mid to late 70's. It was dubbed in Spanish.
In Japan, the show was aired on Tokyo Broadcasting System Television from 1977 to 1981. |
9649_21 | Cars
Stunt cars, camera cars, tow cars, dolly cars, and cars used for "beauty" shots varied in model year from 1974 to 1976 Ford Torinos, since the body style of the Gran Torino was unchanged.
Originally, Blinn was to have Starsky drive a Chevrolet Camaro convertible because he fondly remembered a green and white one that he owned. However, when production started on the pilot episode, Ford Motor Company's Studio-TV Car Loan Program was the lease supplier for Spelling-Goldberg. |
9649_22 | They looked at lease stock and chose two 1975 351 Windsor V8-powered (VIN code "H") "Bright Red" (paint code 2B) 2-door Gran Torinos. Both cars had a role in the pilot movie, one being "Starsky's" car, and the other being a similar car which is mistaken for Starsky's car by the film's villains. They each had body-side mouldings along with a black interior with vinyl bench seats. One of the pilot cars had the luxury remote-control chrome mirrors installed, while the other pilot car had the cheaper, entry-level manual chrome mirrors installed; in editing the film, Starsky and Hutch are shown to be driving around in each of the two cars at different times during the film. |
9649_23 | The cars were also custom painted (on top of the factory red paint color) with the distinctive white "vector" stripe designed by Spelling-Goldberg's transportation coordinator George Grenier. The rear ends were lifted by air shocks, and had Ansen Sprint 5-slot mag wheels added with larger rear tires. While the tires were mounted so that only the black wall side would show, thus hiding any unauthorized brand-name display, in one first-season episode ("Kill Huggy Bear"), a close-up shot of the villain cutting the rear brake lines shows the letters on the inside-facing side of the tires to say Firestone. |
9649_24 | It is reported that the original 2.75:1 ratio rear axle gearing (standard on non-police Torinos from 1975 onward) was replaced with numerically higher ratio gears for better acceleration during stunt driving scenes; in the 1999 interview, Glaser said that "We finally had to get a new rear end put in it so that at zero to sixty it had some pop." At least one of the second-season cars was known to have a Dymo label prominently attached to the dashboard which read "DO NOT EXCEED 50 MPH"; this was probably due to the fact that the revised gearing would cause the engine RPM to go to a higher level, possibly leading to engine damage. |
9649_25 | In the "Behind The Badge" interviews, Glaser said that during the early stages of production of the pilot, Spelling took him outside to introduce him to the red & white-striped, mag-wheeled Torino. Glaser took an immediate and long-lasting dislike to the car, which has not changed to this day. According to Glaser in several early interviews, there were three main reasons why he instantly hated the car: First, in his opinion, it was big, ugly and childish-looking. Secondly, the idea that two undercover cops would drive around in a car with such an outlandish appearance seemed ludicrous, and lastly, he does not like Ford products (although in a picture that was printed in an issue of the National Enquirer, Glaser is shown on the side of a California freeway with a flat-tired Ford Explorer). At the first viewing of the car with David Soul (Hutch), Glaser remarked that the car looked like a "striped tomato." That nickname stuck, and very soon the show's writers had worked it into the show |
9649_26 | as Hutch's derogatory name for Starsky's beloved Torino. |
9649_27 | Glaser remarked to Soul that he hated the car and that he was "going to destroy that car...burn it down every chance I get", and repeated the story in the 1999 "reunion" interview. Several scenes of Glaser driving the car show him smashing the front wheels into curbs as he slides the car around corners and such, but that may also be attributable to the fact that he is primarily an actor, not a trained stunt-driver. Over the years, the Starsky & Hutch Torino increased in popularity and became a much-loved icon of the show and of the Seventies in general. Glaser has not grown to appreciate the car as he has learned to simply accept its popularity as a necessary component of the fans' appreciation of the show. |
9649_28 | In fact, during filming of the 2004 Starsky & Hutch movie, Glaser had several opportunities to sit in the newest iteration of "his" car, and even drive them, but he refused. He just was not interested; however, in 2004, during the last day of filming a movie in Canada, the crew wanted a group picture of Glaser with a Starsky and Hutch Torino, so he agreed to sit in the driver's seat of a Limited Edition replica with the crew surrounding the car. In the summer of 2012 during the introduction to the "Las Vegas Car Stars 2012" charity event, Glaser drove up in a S&H Torino replica; after being introduced by the master of ceremonies, he got out of the Torino and was cheered by the crowd. |
9649_29 | High-performance engine sounds were dubbed over scenes during the show because California law forbade mechanically modifying the engines of new cars. When the pilot was successful, Spelling-Goldberg ordered two new 1975 red Gran Torinos for the first season. These cars were powered by 400 V8s (VIN code "S") because extra power was going to be needed for additional stunt driving scenes. These new cars for the first-season were factory ordered in the bright-red color (Ford paint code: 2B), which was a regular production color for 1975 Torinos. |
9649_30 | Unlike the pilot-movie cars, the first-season Torinos had no body-side mouldings, but did have body-colored sport mirrors, and brocade cloth split-bench seats. With the acquisition of the new cars, the producers took the opportunity to improve the design of the white stripe painted on the cars. The original pilot-movie cars had the bottom horizontal edge of the stripe about an inch or so above the mid-body character line that ran along the car, which was apparently done so that the section of the stripe that passes above the front-wheel opening would not be cut off by the wheel opening, but for the first-season cars, the bottom horizontal edge of the stripe was lowered until directly on the crease, which gave a more cohesive look to the design of the stripe. The section of stripe that runs across the front-wheel opening was gradually curved up and around the opening. The stripe was also thicker on the roof section, and whereas the front pointed section ended well behind the amber |
9649_31 | marker light on the pilot cars, the newer design had the point ending far ahead of it on the front fascia piece. These new cars also featured the complete bumper-protection group option, which included horizontal black rub-strips on both bumpers that were not included on the pilot cars. |
9649_32 | For the start of the second season, these were replaced by two 1976 Gran Torinos that had vinyl split-bench seats like the pilot-episode cars. The new cars were ordered under Ford's fleet program, which is what was required to get them painted in the previous year's Bright Red(2B), as Ford used a different shade of red for new standard-order Torinos by this point. |
9649_33 | These newer cars can be identified by their silver sight shields (bumper-filler panels) which Ford used on specially painted fleet-ordered cars. They also had the luxury-chrome mirrors like one of the pilot cars. Even though the body-colored sport mirrors were still a Torino option in 1976, they could not be installed on a fleet-ordered specialty-painted car, as Ford had no provision for producing those mirrors in anything other than the regular production colors listed for that year; since the 2B bright red was a special fleet-ordered color for the '76 model year, the cars came equipped with the chrome mirrors. The body-side mouldings were installed on these cars and the stripe was, unlike the pilot cars, integrated with the mouldings. |
9649_34 | They were powered by 460 Lima V8s (VIN code "A"), and Spelling-Goldberg kept these Torinos until production ceased. While these were the biggest, most powerful engines available from Ford at the time, even with dual exhaust, they were still somewhat underpowered at 202 net horsepower. A third car, owned by 20th Century Fox and 351 Windsor powered, was used as the first backup to the Ford lease cars.
Over time, an unforeseen problem was discovered with the Torinos when they were used during stunt driving scenes. In sharp right-hand turns, Soul would sometimes slide accidentally across the vinyl bench into Glaser. Although a potential safety hazard at the time, the problem was solved by replacing the front bench of the number two Torino with bucket seats at Glaser and Soul's request; Glaser said in 1999, "It took us a year to get them to put bucket seats in it so David wouldn't slide all over the place whenever I took a corner." |
9649_35 | The aggressive stunt driving required of the show resulted in many accidents and fender-benders for the Torinos. The time demands of a weekly production mandated quick body and paint repairs so the cars could get back to work as soon as possible, and many of the quick and often sloppy repairs are quite evident to eagle-eyed viewers of the show. The front fenders seemed to have taken a lot of abuse, and the Gran Torino nameplates on the front fenders are missing in several episodes, as are the chrome wheelhouse moldings. |
9649_36 | Towards the end of the four seasons of production, the Torinos were noticeably worse-for-wear, and close watchers of the later episodes will spot many dents and other damage on the cars as they appear in various episodes. In particular, the driver's side quarter panel and tail-light area were seen to be smashed up in 4th-season episodes, and at least one of the cars was shown to have a dented and twisted front bumper along with some visible damage to the grille behind. The last appearance of the Torino on the series seems to show that the driver's door and window will not even close correctly, possibly due to the rigours and effects of the spirited stunt driving the car suffered over the years. |
9649_37 | Glaser deliberately mistreated the cars during close-up stunt scenes when he drove (this was admitted to in a 1997 letter he wrote to the owner of the #1 Torino; and in a first-season DVD interview he said that he tried to "destroy" the cars) and would often stop the car by hitting the front wheels against curbs, as well as coming into driveways at high speed and bumping into garbage dumpsters. |
9649_38 | Due to the success of S&H, in 1976 (the Torino's final year) Ford released a limited edition (only 1,305 units total, plus three pilot production cars) Starsky and Hutch replica Gran Torino. Manufactured at the Chicago plant, one of these code "PS 122" units was leased by Spelling-Goldberg from the middle of season two until the series' end as a second backup for the main cars and was known simply as "Unit 129". It was originally equipped with a 351 Modified (also VIN code "H") ; however, during filming, one of the stuntmen damaged the engine beyond repair, and it was replaced overnight with a 429 Lima V8. |
9649_39 | During the last season of Starsky and Hutch, The Dukes of Hazzard premiered on CBS, and one of the factory replicas was used in the first episode, "One Armed Bandits", seen to be driven by regular character Cooter Davenport (Ben L. Jones). This was the only appearance of the Torino in the series, and many fans have speculated over its strange one-off appearance. One theory is that it was merely an in-joke, with the Torino's former iconic car status now being taken over by the Dukes' Dodge Charger car "The General Lee". |
9649_40 | After Starsky and Hutch was cancelled, the cars were returned to Ford's Studio-TV Car Lease Program and sold at a Ford Motor Company auction to A.E. Barber Ford of Ventura, California. The first retail sale of Torino #1 was to a resident of Ojai, California; he owned it for one year, then sold it in a private sale to an Air Force officer that owned it for 17 years. In 1988, Torino #1 was purchased by an Ohio resident; however, he sold it in 2012 to Cars Of The Stars Motor Museum in the United Kingdom. A few years later, Torino #1 was sold to Dezer Car Collection in Miami, Florida. Dezer sold Torino #1 in a private auction in January 2015 to a Texas collector; at the time, it was mostly unrestored and somewhat battered due to wear and tear from TV-show filming and subsequent ownership. It still had its original 460 V8, interior, and paint; however, Mickey Thompson valve covers and a chrome air cleaner were added by the first owner after he purchased it from Barber Ford. The Texas |
9649_41 | collector has since done a "sympathetic" frame-off restoration. |
9649_42 | Torino #2 is owned by a New Jersey man who supplied the main close-up Torino (featured on the movie posters) for 2004's big-screen Starsky & Hutch movie. |
9649_43 | During its life after Starsky and Hutch, #2 was wrecked and sold as salvage. It was repaired, although it was repainted the wrong shade of red and the iconic stripe was improperly painted. Although still equipped with bucket seats, #2 no longer has its original 460 engine, which was replaced at some point with a 2.8-liter Ford V-6. The car underwent a full restoration in a Pennsylvania Shop and is back on the road. Finally, the 20th Century Fox Torino was purchased in 2009 by the owner of #2, sold to an Oklahoma couple in 2010, and restored. "Unit 129" was owned by a collector in New Hampshire; as of May 2018, it is for sale by a Florida collector vehicle dealer. |
9649_44 | In addition, the Torino has many fans and sparked a collectors market in the United Kingdom, as evidenced by the large number of UK-owned replicas (both factory and aftermarket). The red Torino's fame also led to a number of people customizing their own red vehicles with the distinctive white vector stripe, and with varying levels of success.
Theme music
The first season of the show had a dark and ominous theme written by Lalo Schifrin that seemed to fit the hard action and violence of the season; the main title version was edited down from the chase climax cue of his score for the pilot episode (the climax contains the shot of Hutch leaping off a fire escape and landing on his car which appears in the opening titles of all subsequent episodes). The end credits featured a similar piece of ominous music. |
9649_45 | The first season theme was replaced for the second season by a Tom Scott written theme entitled "Gotcha". "Gotcha" is the best known of the show's themes, and has been covered by several musicians, including the James Taylor Quartet and The Ventures. It also appears on the title screen of the Nintendo Entertainment System game Treasure Master, covered by Tim Follin. A version of "Gotcha" was featured on Scott's 1977 album Blow It Out and is also on the album Best Of Tom Scott. For the third season, a more dramatic theme was used that highlighted the show's move to more socially conscious and light-hearted stories. It was written by Mark Snow and released on an LP around 1979.
A reworked "Gotcha", similar in style (but not identical) to the version on Blow It Out, returned for the fourth and last season. The revamped version was the most easy-going of the different themes for the series, reflecting the last season's increased "buddy cop" feel. |
9649_46 | Schifrin, Scott and Snow also scored several episodes; Alan Silvestri also worked on the series, scoring three episodes.
Reception
Starsky & Hutch has a rating of 7 out of 10 on IMDb and score of 8.8 out of 10 on TV.com.
Other media
Film
A theatrical film produced by Weed Road Pictures and Red Hour Productions and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures and Dimension Films was released in theatres on March 5, 2004. The film stars Ben Stiller as Starsky, Owen Wilson as Hutch and Snoop Dogg as Huggy Bear, as they attempt to stop a drug kingpin played by Vince Vaughn. The film grossed $170,268,750 worldwide against a $60 million production budget.
Video game
A video game based on the series was developed by Mind's Eye Productions and published by Empire Interactive for PlayStation 2, Xbox, Nintendo GameCube, Windows and Game Boy Advance in 2003. The game combines driving and shooting gameplay and features the original voice of Huggy Bear, Antonio Fargas.
References
External links |
9649_47 | Encyclopedia of Television
1970s American crime drama television series
1970s American mystery television series
1975 American television series debuts
1979 American television series endings
ABC Movie of the Week
American action television series
American films
American Broadcasting Company original programming
American primetime television dramas
English-language television shows
Fictional duos
Television duos
Television series by Sony Pictures Television
Television series by Spelling Television
Television shows set in Los Angeles |
9650_0 | A list of people who are from or have lived in Buffalo, New York. Individuals are listed in alphabetical order by last name in each category. Residents of Buffalo are commonly referred to as Buffalonians.
Architects
Louise Blanchard Bethune (1856–1915)
Gordon Bunshaft (1909–1990), Pritzker Prize winner
Robert T. Coles (1929–2020)
William Harrison Folsom (1815–1901), designed the Manti Temple
E. B. Green (1855–1950)
James A. Johnson (1865–1939)
Duane Lyman (1886–1966)
Richard A. Waite (1848–1911)
Artists |
9650_1 | Cory Arcangel (born 1978), new media artist
Jeffrey Jones (born 1946), actor
Timothy D. Bellavia (born 1971), children's author, illustrator and educator
Charles E. Burchfield (1893–1967), watercolor painter
Philip Burke (born 1956), caricaturist
John F. Carlson (1875–1947), American Impressionist
Charles Clough (born 1951), painter
Tony Conrad (1940–2016), media artist
Steve Fiorilla (1961–2009), illustrator and sculptor
Frank Kelly Freas (1922–2005), science fiction and fantasy artist
Wilhelmina McAlpin Godfrey (1914–1994), painter, printmaker and fiber artist
Grace Knowlton (1932–2020), sculptor
Justine Kurland (born 1969), photographer
J. J. Lankes (1884–1960), illustrator, woodcut print artist, and author
Sylvia Lark (1947–1990), Seneca painter, printmaker
Robert Longo (born 1953), painter and sculptor
Asad Raza (born 1974), artist, producer, writer
Michael Ross (1955), artist
Spain Rodriguez (1940–2012), underground cartoonist |
9650_2 | Milton Rogovin (1909–2011), documentary photographer
Charles Rohlfs (1853–1936), actor, pattern maker, stove designer and furniture maker
Paul Sharits (1943–1993), mixed media artist, filmmaker
Cindy Sherman (born 1954), photographer and film director
Chrysanne Stathacos (born 1951), print, textile, performance, and conceptual artist.
Tony Sisti (1901–1983), painter
Eugene Speicher (1883–1962), portrait, landscape and figurative painter
Tom Toles (born 1951), political cartoonist
William Simpson (portrait artist) (c.1818–1872) was an African American artist and civil right activist in the 19th century, known for his portraits.
Adam Zyglis (born 1982), editorial cartoonist |
9650_3 | Authors and journalists
Marty Angelo, author 10 books
John Arcudi, comic book author
John Barth, novelist
Gary Barwin, Irish writer
Charles Baxter, author
Lauren Belfer, author
Wolf Blitzer, television journalist
Lawrence Block, crime novelist
Lucille Clifton, poet
Howard Bloom, publicist
Dale Brown, aviator and author
William Wells Brown, abolitionist and writer
Taylor Caldwell, author
J. M. Coetzee, South African writer
Angelo F. Coniglio, civil engineer and author
Burton Crane, financial journalist
Robert Creeley, poet
Marvin Farber, philosopher
Marian de Forest, journalist and playwright
Gregg Easterbrook, magazine journalist
Leslie Fiedler, literary critic
F. Scott Fitzgerald, novelist
Josh Fruhlinger (The Comics Curmudgeon)
Dawn Gallagher author, beauty and wellness expert
Loss Pequeño Glazier, poet (Electronic Poetry Center)
Frances Gillmor, folklorist, scholar, and novelist
Anna Katharine Green, poet and novelist
Terry Gross, radio personality
A. R. Gurney, playwright |
9650_4 | Richard Hofstadter, historian
Karla F.C. Holloway, professor
Paul Horgan, historian and author
Elbert Hubbard, publisher
Bruce Jackson, scholar
Thomas Joseph, James Beard Foundation Award winner chef and video host
John Kessel, sci-fi writer
Nancy Kress, sci-fi writer
Mabel Dodge Luhan, patron of the arts
Martha MacCallum, television journalist
Norman E. Mack (1856-1932), editor & publisher of the Buffalo Times, chairman of the Democratic National Committee
Steele MacKaye, playwright, theatrical producer
Marguerite Merington (1857–1951), author
Marion Juliet Mitchell, poet
Joyce Carol Oates, author
John Otto (radio personality) (1929–1999), radio talk show host
Laura Pedersen, journalist, novelist, playwright
Tim Powers, sci-fi writer
Ishmael Reed, poet, essayist
Tim Russert, television journalist
Joseph Sansonese, author
Ruben Santiago-Hudson, playwright, actor
Bob Smith (1952–2018), comedian and author
Fran Striker, creator of Lone Ranger and Green Hornet
Matt Taibbi, journalist |
9650_5 | Doug Turner (1932-2018), executive editor of the Courier Express, Washington Bureau Chief of the Buffalo News, Olympic rower
Mark Twain, pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, iconic author
Jane Meade Welch, journalist, lecturer
Stuart Cary Welch (1928-2008), author and curator of Indian and Islamic Art
Lanford Wilson, playwright
Bob Wojnowski, sports journalist
Julia Evelyn Ditto Young, writer |
9650_6 | Bands, composers, and musicians
Laura Aikin (born 1964), operatic coloratura soprano
Michael Angelakos of Passion Pit, singer-songwriter, composer, record producer
Harold Arlen, prolific standards composer (500 + Songs), won Academy Award for Over the Rainbow
Benny the Butcher, rapper
The Bloody Hollies, band
Juini Booth, jazz double-bassist
Buffalo Bills, barbershop quartet
Buffalo Philharmonic Orchestra (1934–present), classical orchestral symphony
The Bunny The Bear, band
Julie Byrne, singer-songwriter
Cannibal Corpse, band
Peter Case, singer-songwriter, guitarist
Ray Chamberlain, jazz guitarist, bassist
Johny Chow of Stone Sour, bassist
Stacy Clark, singer-songwriter
Willis Conover, jazz producer and broadcaster
Conway the Machine, rapper
Patrick Cowley, composer, recording artist
Cute is What We Aim For, band
Vic Dana, dancer and singer
Danimal Cannon, video game composer and performer
Lance Diamond, lounge singer and personality |
9650_7 | Ani DiFranco, singer, guitarist, multi-instrumentalist, poet, songwriter
Julius Eastman, composer, pianist, singer
Every Time I Die, band
JoAnn Falletta, classical musician and orchestral conductor
Florian-Ayala Fauna, noise musician and music producer
Morton Feldman, composer
Lukas Foss, composer, pianist, conductor
Jackson C. Frank, folk musician
Charles Gayle, jazz saxophonist, pianist, bass clarinetist, bassist
Girlpope, band
Pentimento (band), band
E. Ray Goetz, Broadway composer and producer and briefly brother-in-law to Irving Berlin
Goo Goo Dolls, band
Grabbitz, singer-songwriter
Green Jellÿ, band
Jim Hall, jazz guitarist, composer, arranger
Alan Heatherington, orchestra conductor
Ray Henderson, songwriter
Edna Indermaur, contralto singer
It Dies Today, band
Jackdaw, band
Rick James
Joe Public, band
Joe Kraemer, composer
Jordan Kyle, songwriter, producer, engineer
Lemuria, band
Mel Lewis, drummer, jazz musician, bandleader |
9650_8 | John Lombardo, band 10,000 Maniacs and folk duo John & Mary)
David Lucas, composer
Gary Mallaber, drummer, percussionist, singer
Nicholas Mason, drummer
Brian McKnight, singer-songwriter, arranger, producer, musician
Don Menza, saxophonist, arranger, composer, session musician, jazz educator
Mercury Rev, band
Bobby Militello, jazz saxophonist and flautist
Leon and the Forklifts, band
The Modernaires, 1940s vocal harmony group
Moe, band
Nina Morgana, soprano with the Metropolitan Opera
Gurf Morlix, vocalist, songwriter, record producer
NicePeter, comedian, musician, personality
Willie Nile, singer-songwriter
Sam Noto, jazz trumpeter
Ookla the Mok, band
Tina Parol, singer-songwriter
Leonard Pennario, pianist, songwriter
Lucky Peterson, blues guitarist and keyboardist
Kristen Pfaff of Hole (band), bassist, cellist
Mary Ramsey, band 10,000 Maniacs and folk duo John & Mary)
Raven, late 60s rock band
The Reign of Kindo, band
The Road (group), late 60s early 70s rock Band |
9650_9 | Scary Chicken, band
Marc Scibilia, pop rock singer-songwriter
Billy Sheehan, bassist
Paul Siebel, singer-songwriter
Harry B. Smith, writer, lyricist, and composer
Dr. Lonnie Smith, jazz organist
Snapcase, band
Joanie Sommers, 1960s&70s singer pop/jazz and standards
Alexis Spight, gospel musician
Spyro Gyra, jazz band
STEMM, band
John Stevens, classic pop singer
Stevie J., musician, record producer, songwriter, television personality
Elizabeth Swados, writer, composer, musician, theatre director
Stan Szelest, musician
Talas, 1970s–80s rock band
John Valby, musician, comedian
Grover Washington, Jr., jazz-funk / soul-jazz saxophonist
Cory Wells, singer Three Dog Night
Westside Gunn, rapper
Patrick Wilson, drummer Weezer
Jack Yellen, lyricist, screenwriter |
9650_10 | Business and industry
Robert Borthwick Adam, co-founder of Adam, Meldrum & Whiting
Joseph Dart, lawyer, businessman and entrepreneur
William H. Donaldson, Chairman of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, Under Secretary of State for International Security Affairs, Chairman and CEO of the New York Stock Exchange, and chairman, President and CEO of Aetna
Joseph Ellicott, Surveyor, city planner, land office agent, lawyer and politician
William G. Fargo, co-founder of American Express Company and Wells Fargo
Anson Goodyear, President of the Great Southern Lumber Company
Charles W. Goodyear, co-founder of the Buffalo and Susquehanna Railroad, Great Southern Lumber Company, Goodyear Lumber Co., Buffalo & Susquehanna Coal and Coke Co., and the New Orleans Great Northern Railroad Company
Wilson Greatbatch, inventor and engineer
George A. Hormel, founder of Hormel Foods Corporation
Jeremy Jacobs, current owner of the Boston Bruins and Chairman of Delaware North |
9650_11 | Sidney Janis, writer, art dealer and collector, founder of Sidney Janis Gallery
John J. Kennedy, businessman and politician
Seymour H. Knox I, founder of the F. W. Woolworth Company
Seymour H. Knox II, Chairman of the F. W. Woolworth Company
John D. Larkin, founder of the Larkin Company and Buffalo Pottery/Buffalo China
Jon L. Luther, Chairman and former CEO of Dunkin' Brands
Sherman J. Maisel, economist who served on the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
Darwin D. Martin, Larkin Company executive
John R. Oishei, co-founder of the Tri-Continental Corporation, now known as Trico
Ralph Peo (1897–1966), inventor, founder of Frontier Industries, CEO & Chairman of Houdaille Industries
Pat Powers, film producer associated with Walt Disney
Robert E. Rich, Sr., founder of Rich Products
Chris Sacca, billionaire venture capitalist
Grace Carew Sheldon (1855–1921), American journalist, author, editor, businesswoman
Ellsworth Milton Statler, founder of Statler Hotels |
9650_12 | Henry Wells, co-founder of American Express Company and Wells Fargo
John G. Wickser, President of the Buffalo German Insurance Company and the Buffalo Commercial Insurance Company
Robert G. Wilmers, former chairman and CEO of M&T Bank
Christopher Woodrow, co-founder and Chairman of Worldview Entertainment |
9650_13 | Entertainers and actors
Jacob Artist, actor
Nick Bakay, voice actor
Darrell Banks, singer
Christine Baranski, actress
Michael Bennett, choreographer and director
Amanda Blake, actress
John Wayne Bobbit, actor
Sorrell Booke, actor
David Boreanaz, actor
Kyle Chandler, actor
Katharine Cornell, actress
William Courtleigh, Jr., silent-film actor
Don Criqui, sportscaster
Andrew Dan-Jumbo, television personality
Jeffrey DeMunn, actor
Diane English, television producer
Agnes Ethel, 19th-century actress
Jeff Fahey, actor
Gary Farmer, actor
Morton Feldman, composer
William Fichtner, actor
Tom Fontana, screenwriter and producer
Vincent Gallo, actor and director
Nyakim Gatwech, model
Teddy Geiger, singer-songwriter
Rebecca Grant, actress
David Hampton, impostor who posed as Sidney Poitier's son in 1983, which inspired the play and film Six Degrees of Separation
Patrick Hasburgh, writer producer
Mark Hapka, actor, Days Of Our Lives
Edna Indermaur, classical singer
Marc Evan Jackson, actor |
9650_14 | Rick James, singer-songwriter
Gloria Jean, singer and actress
Beverly Johnson, model
Jeffrey Jones, actor
Daniel Keem, Youtube celebrity
Rachael Lillis, voice actress
Wendie Malick, actress
Gary Mallaber, musician
Nancy Marchand, actress
Jesse L. Martin, actor
Bill Mazer, sportscaster
Brian McKnight, singer and actor
Kristen McMenamy, fashion model
Don Messick, voice actor
David Milch, screenwriter and producer
Greg Mullavy, actor
Chad Michael Murray, model and actor
Louis Mustillo, actor
Willie Nile, singer-songwriter
Chelsea Noble, actress
Joe Pera, comedian
Suzie Plakson, actress, singer, writer and artist
John T. Raymond, stage actor
James Read, actor
Joey Reynolds, radio personality
Irene Rich, actress
Mark Russell, satirist
Talia Ryder, actress
John Rzeznik, musician
William Sadler, actor
John Schuck, actor
Dick Shawn, actor
Billy Sheehan, musician
Buffalo Bob Smith, star of Howdy Doody
Joanie Sommers, singer and actress
April Stevens, singer
Carrie Stevens, actress |
9650_15 | Fran Striker, creator of The Lone Ranger
Nino Tempo, singer
Vola Vale, actress
A.J. Verel, actor, stunt coordinator
Paul C. Vogt, comedian
Peter Allen Vogt, comedian
James Watson, pro wrestler
Cory Wells, singer of Three Dog Night
Jessica White, model
James Whitmore, actor
Jack Yellen, lyricist
Z. Mann Zilla, rapper |
9650_16 | Military
Danelle Barrett (born July 20, 1967), retired U.S. Navy Rear Admiral.
John Basilone (1916–1945), Medal of Honor recipient
John P. Bobo (1943–1967), Medal of Honor recipient
Thomas Crotty (1912–1942), only Coast Guardsman to be captured as POW during World War II
Charles N. DeGlopper (1921–1944), second World War recipient of Medal of Honor
Harold John Ellison (1917–1942), Navy Cross recipient
Herbert O. Fisher (1909–1990), chief test pilot for Curtiss-Wright
Frank Gaffney (1883–1948), Medal of Honor recipient
David Goggins (born 1975), Navy SEAL
Anson Goodyear (1877–1964), major general in the New York Guard
Simeon T. Josselyn (1842–1905), Medal of Honor recipient
Benjamin Kaufman (1894–1981), Medal of Honor recipient
C. Wade McClusky (1902–1976), United States Navy aviator
Harold C. Roberts (1898–1945), Colonel in the United States Marine Corps; recipient of three Navy Crosses
Adrian R. Root (1832–1899), Union brevet major general |
9650_17 | John C. Sagelhurst (1841–1907), American Civil War recipient of Medal of Honor
Frederick E. Toy (1866–1933), Medal of Honor recipient, orderly to Theodore Roosevelt
Matt Urban (1919–1995), Medal of Honor recipient |
9650_18 | Politics and law
Neil Abercrombie, Governor of Hawaii, Congressman
Shirley Chisholm, Congresswoman and presidential candidate
Frances Folsom Cleveland, First Lady of the United States
Grover Cleveland, 22nd and 24th President of the United States
William "Wild Bill" Joseph Donovan, Medal of Honor recipient and instrumental in creation of CIA
William Dorsheimer, U.S. Attorney, Lieutenant Governor and Congressman
Frank H. Easterbrook, judge
Abigail Fillmore, First Lady of the United States
Caroline Fillmore, second wife of Millard Fillmore
Millard Fillmore, 13th President of the United States
Manly Fleischmann, War Production Administrator during the Korean War, Chairman of N.Y. Gov. Nelson Rockefeller's Commission on Financing Public Education ( the "Fleischmann Commission")
James D. Griffin, Mayor of Buffalo 1978–93
Mark Grisanti, state senator
Rami Hanash, lawyer and author
Isaac R. Harrington, Mayor of Buffalo
Kathy Hochul, 57th Governor of New York |
9650_19 | Edwin Jaeckle, New York State Republican Party chairman
Jack Kemp, Secretary of U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, football player, Congressman, vice-presidential candidate
John J. LaFalce, U.S. representative
Frank J. Loesch, lawyer, organizer of Chicago Crime Commission
Donald Cyril Lubick, attorney and tax policy expert
Frank C. Ludera, indicted for an offence while he served in the Erie County Legislature from 1968–1971.
Salvatore R. Martoche, former U.S. Attorney, Appellate Court Judge, and Assistant Secretary of Labor.
Thomas McCarty, Wisconsin politician
Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed, President of Somalia
Henry J. Nowak, U.S. Representative
Ajit Pai, FCC chairman
Carl Paladino, businessman and founder of the Taxpayers Party of New York
Tom Perez, former Secretary of Labor, head of the Democratic National Committee
Ely S. Parker, Commissioner of Indian Affairs under Ulysses S. Grant
Peter Buell Porter, U.S. Secretary of War 1828–29 |
9650_20 | John Roberts, 17th Chief Justice of United States
Winifred C. Stanley, first person to introduce equal pay legislation in United States
Angela Stanton-King, Georgia Congressional candidate
Peter J. Tropman, Wisconsin politician
Col. John B. Weber, Congressman |
9650_21 | Religion, charities, social advocacy
Marty Angelo, minister, author, television producer, record promoter, disk jockey, restaurant/nightclub owner and band manager
Nelson Baker, Roman Catholic priest and church administrator
Rosalie Bertell, scientist, author, environmental activist, and epidemiologist
Harry Emerson Fosdick, pastor and central figure in the "Fundamentalist–Modernist Controversy" within American Protestantism
Kevin Gaughan, attorney and government reform advocate
Anson Goodyear, philanthropist and first president of the Museum of Modern Art in New York City
Katharine Martha Houghton Hepburn, suffragist and birth control advocate
Isaac Klein, prominent rabbi and halakhic authority within Conservative Judaism.
Sister Karen Klimczak, member of the Sisters of St. Joseph
Maggie Kuhn, founder the Gray Panthers movement
Henry Moxley, African-American businessman, religious leader and activist
Marvin Opler, anthropologist and social psychiatrist |
9650_22 | Morris Opler, anthropologist and advocate of Japanese American civil rights
Red Jacket, Native American Seneca orator and chief of the Wolf clan
Mary Burnett Talbert, African-American activist, suffragist and reformer
Margit Slachta, founder of the Sisters of Social Service |
9650_23 | Science and technology
Willis Carrier, inventor of modern air conditioning
Sidney Farber, considered the father of modern chemotherapy
Genevieve Grotjan Feinstein, mathematician and cryptanalyst, helped crack the Japanese cipher machine during WWII
Edward Gibson, NASA astronaut, pilot, engineer, and physicist
Wilson Greatbatch, inventor of the Cardiac pacemaker
Herbert Hauptman, Nobel Laureate
Herman Hollerith, founder of The Tabulating Machine Company that later became IBM
Bruce Kershner, environmentalist and author
Chad Myers, meteorologist
Roswell Park, physician
James Pawelczyk, NASA researcher
Alfred Southwick, inventor of the electric chair
Sargur N. Srihari, computer scientist
Cliff Stoll, astronomer, author and teacher
Craig Venter, founder of Celera Genomics, The Institute for Genomic Research, and the J. Craig Venter Institute
Jeffrey Wigand, tobacco industry whistleblower
Sports |
9650_24 | Kevyn Adams, hockey player & current general manager of the Buffalo Sabres
Adrian Adonis, professional wrestler
Josh Johnson, Major League Baseball player.
Anita Alvarez, Olympic synchronized swimmer
Matt Anderson, volleyball player
Jimmy Arias, tennis player
Tom Baker, bowler
Beth Phoenix wrestler
Dick Beyer, wrestler
Edward "Ed" Book, basketball player
Damone Brown, basketball player
Jack Brownschidle, hockey player
Jim Burt, football player
Al Cervi, basketball player and coach
Steven Coppola, Olympic rower
Jon Corto, football player
Don Curtis, wrestler
Jim Dombrowski, football player
Brian Dux, basketball player
Joe Ehrmann, football player
Rashad Evans, mixed martial artist
Jeffrey Float, Olympic swimmer
Jonny Flynn, basketball player
Marcus Foligno, hockey player
Nick Foligno, hockey player
David Goggins, ultrarunner and former pull-up world record holder
Corey Graham, football player
Rob Gronkowski, football player
Paul Harris, basketball player |
9650_25 | Lazar Hayward, basketball player
Orel Hershiser, baseball pitcher
Joe Hesketh, baseball pitcher
Dave Hollins, baseball player
Bill Hunter, baseball player
Ron Jaworski, football player
Patrick Kaleta, hockey player
Patrick Kane, hockey player
Jim Kelly, football player, settled in Buffalo after playing for the Buffalo Bills
Chad Kelly, football player, nephew of Jim
Jack Kemp, football player and politician
Tim Kennedy, hockey player
Seymour H. Knox III, NHL owner
Todd Krygier, hockey player
Christian Laettner, basketball player
Bob Lanier, basketball player
Mark Lewin, wrestler
Lex Luger, wrestler
Sal Maglie, baseball pitcher
Don Majkowski, football player
Tom Makowski, baseball player
Mike Mamula, football player
Carol Mann, golfer
Todd Marchant, hockey player
Phil McConkey, football player
Marc Mero, wrestler
Joe Mesi, boxer
Steve Mesler, Olympic bobsled gold medalist
Aaron Miller, hockey player
Matvey Natanzon, backgammon player
Jordan Nwora, basketball player |
9650_26 | Greg Oden, basketball player
Brooks Orpik, hockey player
Alexi Salamone, sled hockey player
Adam Page, sledge hockey player
Tommy Paul, boxer
Ron Pitts, football player
Kevin Quick, hockey player
Emily Regan, Olympic rowing gold medalist
Clifford Robinson, basketball player
Naaman Roosevelt, football player
Buddy Rosar, baseball player
Trevor Ruffin, basketball player
Roy Saari, Olympic swimmer
Hayley Scamurra, hockey player
Peter Scamurra, hockey player
Philippe Sauvé, hockey player
Cole Schneider, hockey player
The Silent Warrior, wrestler
Michael Sisti, hockey coach
Jimmy Slattery, boxer
Warren Spahn, baseball pitcher
James Starks, football player
Lee Stempniak, hockey player
Loren Stokes, basketball player
Josh Thomas, football player
A.J. Verel, kickboxer, martial artist
Ward Wettlaufer, golfer
Mary Wittenberg, marathon official
Craig Wolfley, football player
Ron Wolfley, football player, radio personality
John Wyatt, Negro league baseball player |
9650_27 | Mike Lalor, NHL hockey player and Stanley Cup winner in 1986
Justin Bailey, AHL hockey player for the Lehigh Valley Phantoms
Miles Wood, NHL hockey player |
9650_28 | Other
Joseph Christopher (1955–1993), serial killer
See also
List of mayors of Buffalo, New York
References
Buffalo, New York
Buffalo
Buffalo, New York-related lists |
9651_0 | The 2014 Winter Olympics, officially called the XXII Olympic Winter Games () and commonly known as Sochi 2014 (), was an international winter multi-sport event that was held from 7 to 23 February 2014 in Sochi, Krasnodar Krai, Russia. Opening rounds in certain events were held on 6 February 2014, the day before the opening ceremony.
These were the first Olympic Games under the International Olympic Committee (IOC) presidency of Thomas Bach. Both the Olympics and Paralympics were organized by the Sochi Organizing Committee (SOOC). Sochi was selected as the host city in July 2007, during the 119th IOC Session held in Guatemala City. It was the first Olympics to be held in a CIS state after the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991. The Soviet Union was previously the host nation for the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. |
9651_1 | A record ninety-eight events in fifteen winter sport disciplines were held during the Games. A number of new competitions—a total of twelve accounting for gender—were held during the Games, including biathlon mixed relay, women's ski jumping, mixed-team figure skating, mixed-team luge, half-pipe skiing, ski and snowboard slopestyle, and snowboard parallel slalom. The events were held around two clusters of new venues: an Olympic Park constructed in Sochi's Imeretinsky Valley on the coast of the Black Sea, with Fisht Olympic Stadium, and the Games' indoor venues located within walking distance; and snow events in the resort settlement of Krasnaya Polyana. |
9651_2 | The 2014 Winter Olympics were the most expensive Games in the history of the Olympics. While originally budgeted at US$12 billion, major cost overruns caused this figure to expand to US$51 billion, more than three times the cost of the 2012 London Olympics and even surpassing the estimated cost of US$44 billion for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. The 2014 Games achieved a record broadcast audience of 2.1 billion people worldwide. |
9651_3 | In 2016, an independent report commissioned by the World Anti-Doping Agency confirmed allegations that the Russian Olympic team had been involved in a state-sponsored doping program, active from at least late-2011 through August 2015. The program was active during the Winter Olympics in Sochi, and athletes had benefited from the cover-up. The IOC stripped thirteen medals from Russian athletes in 2017, but nine were reinstated by the Court of Arbitration for Sport. In December 2017, the IOC voted to suspend the Russian Olympic Committee, with an option for whitelisted athletes to compete independently during the 2018 Winter Olympics.
Bidding process |
9651_4 | Sochi was elected on 4 July 2007 during the 119th International Olympic Committee (IOC) session held in Guatemala City, Guatemala, defeating bids from Salzburg, Austria; and Pyeongchang, South Korea. This is the first time that the Russian Federation has hosted the Winter Olympics. The Soviet Union was the host of the 1980 Summer Olympics held in and around Moscow.
Cost and financing |
9651_5 | As of October 2013, the estimated combined cost of the 2014 Winter Olympics had topped US$51 billion. This amount included the cost for Olympic games themselves and cost of Sochi infrastructural projects (roads, railroads, power plants). This total is over four times the initial budget of $12 billion (compared to the $8 billion spent for the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver), and made the Sochi games the most expensive Olympics in history, exceeding the estimated $44 billion cost of the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, which hosted 3 times as many events. Dmitry Kozak was the main overseer for the events in Sochi. |
9651_6 | In its final budget published in June 2014, Olimpstroy—the state corporation that oversaw the Sochi Olympics development—reported the total allocated funds for the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics of 1,524 billion rubles (US$49.5 billion). However, only about a fifth of that budget ($10.8 billion) was directly related to the Olympic games, while the rest went into urban and regional regeneration and the conversion of the Sochi region into an all-year round sea and alpine resort. The breakdown table below is based on a report that has analyzed the distribution of Olimpstroy's $49.5 billion budget. Estimates also suggest that additional unrecoverable operational costs (including for security) could have added another $3 billion.
The breakdown of the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics costs
Venues |
9651_7 | With an average February temperature of 8.3 °C (42.8 °F) and a humid subtropical climate, Sochi is the warmest city to host a Winter Olympic Games. Sochi 2014 is the 12th straight Olympics to outlaw smoking; all Sochi venues, Olympic Park bars and restaurants and public areas were smoke-free during the Games. It is also the first time that an Olympic Park has been built for hosting winter games.
Sochi Olympic Park (Coastal Cluster) |
9651_8 | The Sochi Olympic Park was built by the Black Sea coast in the Imeretinsky Valley, about 4 km (2.5 miles) from Russia's border with Abkhazia/Georgia. The venues were clustered around a central water basin on which the Medals Plaza is built, allowing all indoor venues to be within walking distance. It also features "The Waters of the Olympic Park" (designed by California-based company WET), a choreographed fountain which served as the backdrop in the medals awards and the opening and closing ceremonies of the event. The new venues include:
Fisht Olympic Stadium – ceremonies (opening/closing) 40,000 spectators
Bolshoy Ice Dome – ice hockey (final), 12,000 spectators
Shayba Arena – ice hockey, 7,000 spectators
Adler Arena Skating Center – speed skating, 8,000 spectators
Iceberg Skating Palace – figure skating, short track speed skating, 12,000 spectators
Ice Cube Curling Center – curling, 3,000 spectators
Main Olympic village
International broadcasting centre and main press room |
9651_9 | Krasnaya Polyana (Mountain Cluster)
Laura Biathlon & Ski Complex – biathlon, cross-country skiing
Rosa Khutor Extreme Park – freestyle skiing and snowboarding
Rosa Khutor Alpine Resort – alpine skiing
Sliding Center Sanki – bobsleigh, luge and skeleton
RusSki Gorki Jumping Center – ski jumping and Nordic combined (both ski jumping and cross-country skiing on a 2 km route around the arena)
Roza Khutor plateau Olympic Village
Post-Olympic usage
A street circuit known as the Sochi Autodrom was constructed in and around Olympic Park. Its primary use is to host the Formula One Russian Grand Prix, which held its inaugural edition in October 2014.
In January 2015, work began on adapting Fisht Olympic Stadium into an open-air football stadium to host matches during the 2018 FIFA World Cup.
A new ice hockey team in the Kontinental Hockey League, HC Sochi Leopards, now plays in Bolshoy Arena.
Marketing
Construction |
9651_10 | The Olympic infrastructure was constructed according to a Federal Target Program (FTP). In June 2009, the Games' organizers reported they were one year ahead in building the main Olympic facilities as compared to recent Olympic Games. In November 2011, IOC President Jacques Rogge was in Sochi and concluded that the city had made significant progress since he last visited eighteen months earlier.
Telecommunications
According to the FTP, US$580 million would be spent on construction and modernization of telecommunications in the region. Avaya was named by the Sochi Organizing Committee as the official supplier of telecommunications equipment. Avaya provided the data network equipment, including switches, routers, security, telephones and contact-center systems. It provided engineers and technicians to design and test the systems, and worked with other technology partners to provide athletes, dignitaries and fans information about the Games. |
9651_11 | The 2014 Olympics is the first "fabric-enabled" Games using Shortest Path Bridging (SPB) technology. The network is capable of handling up to 54,000 Gbit/s (54 Tbit/s) of traffic.
Infrastructure built for the games included:
A network of TETRA mobile radio communications for 100 user groups (with capacity of 10,000 subscribers);
of fiber-optic cables along the Anapa-Dzhubga-Sochi highways and Dzhubga–Krasnodar branch;
Digital broadcasting infrastructure, including radio and television broadcasting stations (building and communications towers) with coverage from Grushevaya Polyana (Pear Glade) to Sochi and Anapa cities. The project also included construction of infocommunications centre for broadcasting abroad via three HDTV satellites.
During the Games, the core networks of Rostelecom and Transtelekom were used. |
9651_12 | In January 2012, the newest equipment for the television coverage of the Games arrived in the port of Adler. Prepared specifically for the Games, a team of regional specialists and the latest technology provide a qualitatively new level of television production in the region.
The fiber-optic channel links Sochi between Adler and Krasnaya Polyana. The channel enables videoconferencing and news reporting from the Olympics.
In November 2013, it was reported that the fiber-optic cable that was built by the Federal Communications Agency, Rossvyaz, had no operator. With Rostelecom and Megafon both refusing to operate it, the line was transferred to the ownership of the state enterprise Center for Monitoring & Development of Infocommunication Technologies ().
Russian mobile phone operator Megafon expanded and improved Sochi's telecom infrastructure with over 700 new 2G/3G/4G cell towers. Sochi was the first Games to offer 4G connectivity at a speed of 10 MB/sec. |
9651_13 | In January 2014, Rostelecom reported that it had connected the Olympic media center in Sochi to the Internet and organized channels of communication with the main media center of the Olympic Games in the coastal cluster and press center in Moscow. The media center was built at total cost of 17 million rubles.
Power infrastructure
A five-year strategy for increasing the power supply of the Sochi region was presented by Russian energy experts during a seminar on 29 May 2009, held by the Sochi 2014 Organizing Committee, and attended by International Olympic Committee (IOC) experts and officials from the Russian Ministry of Regional Development, the Russian Ministry of Energy, the State Corporation Olimpstroy and the Krasnodar Krai administration.
According to the strategy, the capacity of the regional energy network would increase by two and a half times by 2014, guaranteeing a stable power supply during and after the Games. |
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